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Opinion Series: The Landscape of "Free" in Business, Part I/II
by Diane Lindquist on 02/20/2014 | 14 Minute Read
Matthew Manos, Founder and Creative Director of verynice, has developed a new way of doing business. Over the course of the next two articles he will describe the landscape of "free" business, and the new era of pro-bono.
When I was young, I remember a moment in a local grocery store when I saw a coupon for a free toy. I looked to my dad and said, "Look, a free toy!!!" His response to me was: "Matthew... Nothing in this world is free." I've spent the majority of my professional career actually trying to prove that sentiment wrong and, so far, I am not quite sure if I have been able to or not. Over the past 5 years, through the founding and continued work in developing verynice, a design and innovation consultancy that dedicates over 50% of its work toward free services for non-profit organizations, I have been investigating the cultural relevance and promise of pro-bono. As a result, put in a less fancy manner, I've become obsessed with "free stuff" and more specifically, the role of "free" in business. The following is a collection of essays written over the past 3 years that reflect upon the meaning of giving half of your work away for free, the role of design in the creation of new models for business, and the importance of alternative economies in our society.
"Free stuff" has been at the core of business strategy for centuries. Sure, the fundamentals of capitalism have always been rooted in the design of models for exchange and value creation, but what often goes without much recognition in the mainstream is that client and consumer acquisition has long begun with a free gesture, such as a free initial consultation, or a free sample. That gesture and the role of "free" in business can be categorized into two typologies: Strategic and Altruistic. While very separated in intentions, these two takes on "free" in business have actually historically yielded much inspiration on one another, and clear lineages can be traced between models. Let's take a walk through time together to get our heads around the role of "free" in business. Specifically, let's explore a series of both historical and contemporary models of business in which "free" is at the heart of the strategy in order to understand how "free" in business can actually go beyond opportunity and instead be seen as an expectation for business, something that can transition into the altruistic side of things.
There are two kinds of business: product and service. While product-oriented business deals with physical goods that are manufactured and require distribution, service-oriented business focuses on the value of time, experience, and the sharing of knowledge. Think for a second about a pair of really nice leather shoes in comparison to an hour long conversation with an attorney. While both actually cost a customer the same amount of money (~$200), they both reside in completely different business landscapes, and therefore are perceived very differently in terms of value both by the consumer and the provider. Likewise, if we gaze a few layers beneath the surface of these engagements, we will soon find that the inner-workings of both trajectories are just as different as their perceived value. In fact, both are so different from one another that they actually require completely different modeling strategies to ensure success and scalability. So why is this all so important to leverage as a preface for the words to come? Because "free" can mean a lot of things in business, and the histories of the product side and the service side, as well as their evolution, have quite different stories to tell.
Thanks to Wikipedia, I can tell you that the first known promotional giveaway item was actually a series of commemorative buttons that dated all the way back to the days of George Washington's election in 1789. To this day, giveaways, more popularly referred to as "swag," continue to be used in and out of the political space at gatherings such as corporate events and conventions. That said, from my perspective, the real godfather of "free" in product-oriented business is not the promotional giveaway, but instead the promotional coupon. While coupons were made popular primarily during the great depression due to the need for value and free goods, the legacy of the coupon can actually be drawn back to the year 1888. Shortly after incorporating in Atlanta, one of the Coca-Cola Company's key partners, Asa Candler, played a significant role in transforming the company into the profitable business it is today by experimenting with innovative advertising techniques. One of these techniques was what many consider to be the first-ever coupon. The coupon itself promised a free glass of Coca-Cola from any dispenser that sold the beverage. What was the result of this deal? Well, within less than 10 years, one in nine Americans had enjoyed a free glass, and right at the end of the 19th century, Candler had announced to his shareholders that glasses of Coca-Cola were being served in every state across the US [ 2 ]. Shortly after the launch of the coupon program by Coca-Cola, the method of promotional advertising started hitting the mainstream thanks to some more help in proving the potential of coupons by C.W. Post, the guy that decided putting coupons on the back of a cereal box was a good idea (thanks for the tip, Wikipedia). Turns out he was correct! According to NCH Marketing Services, Inc.'s Annual Coupon Facts Report, more than 2,800 different packaged-goods companies actually offer a coupon for discounts on their products. In 2012 alone, 2.9 billion coupons were redeemed [ 3 ].
So what exactly is the point of coupons? Well, they of course make consumers happy, but the immediate implications are far more strategic then that. Coupons can help convince a consumer to try your stuff. As we saw with Coca-Cola, 8.5 Million people were able to take a sip of their soda as a result of their free trial coupon. While there are no statistics that I can find to prove this, the company would arguably had a far more difficult time building the god-like brand recognition it has today if it were not for that little piece of paper. Beyond brand building and lead acquisition, though, coupons have also been leveraged as a tool for market research and, more specifically, price sensitivity. By sending different types of coupons to different demographics and regional markets, businesses are able to get a sense for what kind of price marks can get them the most bites [ 4 ]. More broadly defined, a coupon can really be understood as a "deal" - a discount, or an opportunity for the consumer to acquire something new at less cost to them. As we will explore, the idea of "discounted consumption" that the coupon blazed a trail for has evolved into several models, some new and some old, but all of which will be defined and analyzed over the next few thousand words: BOGOF, Freemium, PWYW, and pro-bono.
The phrase "BUY ONE GET ONE FREE" (also commonly referred to as BOGO or BOGOF), created by Shara 'BOGO' Jacavage, is a marketing strategy that often graces window displays, interior signage, and hang tags at every big-box store across several retail-oriented sectors. In the instance of the BOGOF model, "free" is an integral component of this model of business, but the intentions are purely strategic, and thus the model strays far away from altruism. Instead, it is a strategic means of persuasion that sub-consciously inspires consumers to perceive the value of exchange to be much greater than it really is. What does this mean for stores? Put simply, it is one of the most profitable forms of sales promotion, even more so than 50% discounts.
Now, I know. There are a lot of numbers in that example. Truth be told, I haven't been required to take a math class since I was 17 years old, BUT if you do some quick math on the above scenario, you will quickly realize that the store in this pizza-night scenario actually made double the profits while simultaneously giving you one pizza for free. According to IGD, a data company that monitors supermarkets, a quarter of all shoppers buy goods because they are part of a buy-one-get-one-free offer. So is this model sneaky or genius?
I once found myself in Jerome, Arizona wandering around one of those tchotchke stores that are filled to the brim with questionable "antiques" and a plethora of corny statues. Behind the counter, I stumbled upon an amazing sign that served as a direct critique of this infamous BOGOF model as it read: "BUY ONE FOR THE PRICE OF TWO AND GET THE SECOND ONE FREE." While intentionally comical, and not intended to be taken too seriously, the sign actually captures the real genius behind the BOGOF model's long-standing success in the retail environment. The BOGOF model introduces business owners with the opportunity to increase the perceived worth amongst consumers through strategic mark-up, and it also introduces an opportunity to "kill two birds with one stone" by enabling the acquisition of at least two products per one consumer. This is a textbook example of "free" as a means to create opportunity for business success in the for-profit space, but what would happen if this model was leveraged for the greater good?
Sponsorship models have long been leveraged in the non-profit space. Some of the more famous examples are organizations that allow you to sponsor a child through a monthly commitment to provide monetary support to make access to clean water, an education, healthcare, and more possible on a daily basis. Another famous example of sponsorship in the non-profit space is Heifer International, an organization that allows you to sponsor villages abroad by purchasing a goat for them. Likewise, Charity Water is a popular donate-to-sponsor organization. But what would happen if donors could sponsor, but also receive something in exchange for their donation? One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) is a non-profit organization that aims to do exactly as its name suggests: provide one laptop for every child.
Upon its debut, with its focus resting on children in third world scenarios that have little access to technology, the organization originally set out to create a laptop that would only cost $100.00. While affordable to the average American, the ability to whip out one hundred bucks in certain countries abroad is quite a privilege. In lieu of this, OLPC leveraged the BOGOF model in a way it had never been leveraged before. Put simply, members of privileged nations can elect to purchase a $100 laptop for the price of $200 in order to sponsor the purchase of one device for someone abroad who cannot afford it. In many ways, this model of business can be described in similar terms to that comical sign I had brought up earlier, but with one slight modification: "BUY ONE FOR THE PRICE OF TWO AND GIVE THE SECOND ONE AWAY FOR FREE." The buy one give one model, popularized by OLPC, is unique in both its practicality and its scalability. Through transparent pricing models, consumers are able to know exactly where their purchase dollars are going, and are therefore compelled to give. Arguably, not many first-world inhabitants actually want the OLPC machine due to its irrelevance in our privileged society. Instead, these purchases are being made with the desire to give back. This fact shines light on the fact that giving can compel consumption among many. Therefore, the model goes beyond being a unique fundraising method, and is actually a strong model for business and revenue generation at a larger scale.
Borrowing from the OLPC model, Blake Mycoskie, the founder of TOMS shoes has made a name for his "One for One" model through the introduction of this line of thinking to the for-profit sector. For every pair of shoes that a customer purchases, a pair is donated to a child in need. Upon its introduction to the market place, this model spread like wild fire amongst small businesses on a global scale and, as a result, there are now many instances of replication across the product-oriented business landscape that borrow the same tactic. "It's like TOMS, but for ___" is a phrase that can be commonly overheard at social enterprise startup events. Part of the reason the model is so successful is due to its ability to make giving back an accessible act. The consumer does not need to go out of his or her way to contribute to a cause, in this scenario; instead, they need only purchase products that they already need in their daily lives. The company takes it from there. Like the OLPC model, "One for One" relies on the relevance and desire for the product both by the purchaser and the beneficiary. Because of this reality, the "one for one" model, as a for-profit business strategy, does gather a lot of skepticism and critique in regards to the authenticity of the model's intentions due to the fact that the model can only succeed in the market place if the problem continues to exist. Intentions aside, TOMS Shoes, and other companies leveraging the One for One approach have been able to create significant impact in terms of the volume of their contributions. As of October 2011, TOMS has been able to give away over 2,000,000 pairs of shoes to children in need. [ 8 ]
A genre of business that describes the opportunity of BOGOF well is known as cross-subsidies. The idea is that something helps pay for something else. For example, drinks are sold at a premium to reduce food costs in restaurants. Video game consoles are sold at a price point that is less-than-break-even for the manufacturers, but the games themselves are sold at an enormous markup. The majority of economic models leveraged by business, in fact, rely on this. While "BUY ONE GET ONE FREE" has proven to be a successful spawn of the overarching cross-subsidy strategy, let's dip into another interesting business model that equally stemmed from the same genealogy of the holy free coupon... the Gillette Model. Better referred to today as "freemium," the Gillette model was made popular by King Camp Gillette, a brilliantly conflicted figure amongst the greatest entrepreneurs in the 19th and 20th centuries. Gillette is best known for the invention of his disposable razor. The concept, unveiled just 5 years after the Coca Cola coupon hit the market, pioneered a brilliant new model of business known as "The Razor and Blades Business Model" and, more commonly today, as "Freebie Marketing." While working as a salesman for the Crown Cork and Seal Company, Gillette saw great opportunity in the design of a product that served its purpose, and then was tossed in the trash. These one-time-use products foster long-term, repeat, customers. While shaving his face one morning with a razor that lacked a strong edge, the idea to create a thin sheet of razor blade came upon Gillette, thus giving birth to the Gillette razor we have today. Perhaps a lesser known side of Gillette is the fact that, aside from being a successful business man, he was also a utopian socialist. This passion inspired Gillette to be a prolific writer of books that sit between the genres of fiction and non-fiction. Gillette was an obsessive planner, writing hundreds of pages that aimed to highlight every last logistic element and business plan for his utopian vision. In his first novel, "The Human Drift," Gillette wrote about the chaos of contemporary existence, and a prospectus for the alternative world he dreamed of building to fix it (which just so happened to be based behind the Niagara Falls). How has the vision of Gillette manifested in more modern business models? What other examples of "free" as a business strategy exist in the market today?
Stay tuned for Part II, coming soon!
[ 1 ] Chris Andersen, Wired Magazine. Retrieved 2013-07-02.
[ 2 ] Coca-Cola 120th Anniversary, The Coca-Cola Company Time Line – 120 Years of Innovation
[ 3 ] "NCH Annual Coupon Facts Report, 2012". NCH Marketing Services, Inc.
[ 4 ] McKenzie, Richard B. Why Popcorn Costs So Much at the Movies: And Other Pricing Puzzles. ISBN 978-0-387-76999-8, 2008.
[ 5 ] Buy one get one free, from Marginal Revolution. Retrieved 2008-01-05.
[ 6 ] Wallop, Harry (2008-07-07). "Food waste: Why supermarkets will never say bogof to buy one get one free". Telegraph. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
[ 7 ] One Laptop.
[ 8 ] TOMS Giving Report, 2013.
[ 9 ] stice and the Poor. Reginald Heber Smith. 1919
[ 10 ] "History of Civil Legal Aid" - National Legal Aid and Defender Association
[ 11 ] Taproot Foundation - history of pro-bono
About Matthew Manos
Matthew Manos is a neo-philanthropist, creative director, and author that is dedicated to disrupting the way the design industry operates. Manos began his freelance design career at the age of 16, which is the same year he took on his first pro-bono client, and launched his first company. Three years later, he founded verynice, a global design and innovation consultancy that dedicates over 50% of its efforts toward free services for non-profit organizations. Manos has helped build over 300 brands in every sector and industry across the globe, and his studio works with a diverse clientele that range from Fortune 500 companies to small local shops. As of 2013, verynice has also provided over $1,000,000 worth of pro-bono design and consulting services in 40+ countries spanning 6 continents to benefit 200+ organizations thanks to a team of 250+ people located around the world. Notable clients of verynice have included The United Nations, NASA, MTV Networks, Edison International, Facebook, Kaiser Permanente, UNICEF, Disney Imagineering, and Human Rights Campaign.
Matthew's work and ideas have been published in 200+ print and online venues internationally including Forbes, The Guardian, The Huffington Post, and Wired Magazine. Manos speaks regularly at events and institutions across the United States including an influential TEDx talk in 2012 titled "Reinterpreting the Role of a Designer." Representative of his passion for connecting the fields of design and business, Manos pioneered the first class on entrepreneurship in the UCLA School of Arts and Architecture in 2012, and continues to teach the course. He holds a BA in Design Media Arts from UCLA (2010), and an MFA in Media Design from the Art Center College of Design (2012).


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Carlton Fisk 1975 World Series HR 11x14 Photograph (SGA UnderFifty Series)
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Due to the impact of Covid-19 (Coronavirus), the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Authority has closed its headquarters, visitor attractions (Carew Castle, Castell Henllys and Oriel y Parc), its car parks and sections of the Pembrokeshire Coast Path until further notice. All meetings and events are cancelled until further notice. If you have any queries please call 01646 624800 or email email@example.com
Home » Looking After » Conservation Land Management » Pembrokeshire Grazing Network
Grazing our semi-natural habitats is often essential to keep them in good condition. On many sites that we manage, the appropriate animals were not always available to do the job. This was a common problem so the National Park Authority responded by instigating and co-ordinating the Pembrokeshire Grazing Network, which is now one of the longest running projects of its type in Wales.
The aim is to facilitate grazing for nature conservation by setting up a system whereby sites or stock available and sites or stock required can be matched up wherever possible. The efforts of conservation organisations and the farming community can therefore be co-ordinated and integrated so that stock, sites, equipment and expertise can be shared to mutual benefit.
Many habitats require grazing in order to be in good condition for wildlife. But the decline of traditional grazing has led to many habitats becoming overgrown with gorse, bracken and bramble which you may have had to fight your way through on the Coast Path.
Ponies are great at coastal grazing and we think they quite enjoy it! Our main source of ponies in North Pembrokeshire is a local farmer and breeder of Welsh Mountain Ponies, Huw Davies. Huw's ponies graze many sites around the National Park.
We work very closely with partners and land owners to ensure that potential problems of livestock on the coast and walkers do not arise.


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Receiving a visa is one of the most stressful concerns about your journey. It steals your precious time, energy and money, and there is no guaranty that you will receive it after all. In order to prevent any sort of unexpected complications, check out a list of significant things you should know about Treaty Trader Visa (E-1).
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How to Get an Intracompany Transferee Visa or an L-1 Visa?
Did you get a promotion or a location transfer to the U.S.A? Do you intend to change your workplace to states? Congratulations on your career boost! But before packing your things, checkup what do you need to do to get your intracompany transferee Visa, or L-1 Visa.
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The L-1 Visa is a temporary non-immigrant visa, given to an alien qualified employee that enables to transfer from a foreign company to its U.S parent, child or sister company, in a managerial or executive capacity or in a position that requires special knowledge. It may also involve the religious, non-profit or charitable organizations. These visas are for employees who want to enter the U.S for a fixed period of time and do not intend to stay any longer. Also the applicant must have been working for the affiliate company for at least one year out of the past three years. The L-1 Visa is also designed to the employees of multi-national companies that develop a new market in another country, or have international rotation of managerial level personnel, in order to give them all the opportunity to advance in their own careers.
- The recent years have marked a notable increase in Requests for Evidence and ultimate petition denials. USCIS statistics show that in the first Quarter of the 2015 fiscal year, the agency processed 3,278 applications. Of the applications processed, 1,020 (or 31%) were denied. The L-1B visa category is further troubled by the large number of Requests for Evidence that are issued prior to final approval or denial.
Find Out If You Are Eligible for a J-1 Visa
The J-1 Visa or Exchange Visitor Program was first implemented in 1961 as part of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961. The idea behind this act was to promote the understanding of other cultures by the people of the United States and likewise the understanding of the America culture by people of other countries through educational and cultural exchanges.
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Business Visa also known as a B1 visa – is a non-immigrant visa to the USA. It is available for anyone who would like to travel to the U.S. for a short period of time for business related reasons that do not require actual labor work or receiving payment from any U.S. company. A business visa is appropriate for a variety of activities of a commercial or professional nature including, but not limited to:
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Visa for Foreign Media Representatives. Find out How to Apply for U.S. I-1 visa
A media visa is regarded as a non-immigrant visa because it is issued to the representatives of foreign media including members of: newspapers, radio, television, print industries, film crews, editors etc. According to U.S. Department of Homeland Security during 2012, there were 165 million non-immigrant admissions to the United States, 44,472 (0.1%) of these admissions were media visas .
The common requirement for the applicants is to come to the U.S. Temporarily. The applicant must have the intention to return to his/her home country and be engaged in informational or educational media activities.
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The Green Card Lottery. Find out How to Win a Green Card
What a green card is actually and how you can receive it? Green card is the informal name for an ID card attesting to the permanent resident status or an immigrant in the United States. It helps you to live and work legally in the USA.
Every year the U.S. Diversity Visa Lottery Program gives 55,000 Permanent Resident Visas to individuals and families from many countries throughout the world. The U.S. Green Card authorizes you and your family to live, work or study in the U.S.A.
If you want to be eligible for Green Card Lottery you must be born in the eligible country. The list of eligible countries changes each year, please watch our video for more detailed information. If you were not born in an eligible country, you still may qualify if your spouse was born in a country whose natives are eligible or one of your parents was born in a country whose natives are eligible for the DV-2015 program. Another requirement would be successful completion of a 12-year course of elementary and secondary education or 2 years of work experience within the past 5 years in an occupation requiring at least 2 years of training or experience to perform. You don't have to submit to Diversity Visa program if you don't meet these requirements.
Non-Immigrant Visas. H-2B Visa For Non-Agricultural Workers
If you are considering working temporarily in the United States in non-agricultural field, this article is for you. During 2012 there were 165 million non-immigrant admissions to the United States and 82,921 of these admissions were Non-agricultural Visas (H-2B). The H-2B program allows U.S. employers or U.S. agents who meet specific regulatory requirements to bring foreign nationals to the United States to fill temporary non-agricultural jobs.
In order to get the H-2B visa the employer must submit temporary labor certification to the U.S. Department of Labor and after receiving a temporary labor certification for H-2B employment, the employer should file the I-129 Form. After that the prospective worker should apply for an H-2B Visa.
More Than 24 Million Tourist Visas Were Issued During 2012
According to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security there were 165 million non-immigrant admissions to the United States, 24.476.086 of these admissions were Tourist Visas. A tourist visa is issued for activities such as tourism, vacation, visit of friend or relatives, medical treatment, participation in social events or enrollment in a short recreational course of study.
For such purposes as study, employment, permanent residence in the U.S.A., paid performances in front of an audience or work as a foreign media representative, you need a special and different type of visa.
In order to obtain a visa the applicant must show:
- his or her bank statement as an evidence of the economic ability to pay for the trip
- intent to return home
- strong ties to home country (job, spouse, property)
A Farewell to Homeland. In Search of Better Life
Every day thousands of people leave their country or enter another one in search of better life, education or job. Some of them are "pushed" by unfavorable living conditions, the others just want to change the surroundings. Any way, it occurs when the native country doesn't cover anymore the necessities a person might have. A lot of people want to live, work and study in the United States and live the American Dream.


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|Up a level
Zou, Wei and Chen, Jun and Hu, Lei and Li, Qiang and Yao, Xiang and Gu, Lin and Deng, Jinxia and Yu, Ranbo and Xing, Xianran (2014) A general and rapid synthesis of metal sulphides hollow spheres that have properties enhanced by salt-assisted aerosol decomposition: a case of ZnS and other multicomponent solid solutions. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2 (40). pp. 8564-8568. ISSN 2050-7526
Cheng, Sha and Lau, Kin-Tak and Chen, Shougang and Chang, Xueting and Liu, Tao and Yin, Yansheng (2010) Microscopical observation of the marine bacterium vibrio natriegeus growth on metallic corrosion. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 25 (5). pp. 293-297. ISSN 1042-6914
Wang, Hao (2010) The role of casting temperature in preparation of bulk metallic glasses. In: 6th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials (THERMEC 2009): Processing, Fabrication, Properties, Applications, 25-29 Aug 2009, Berlin, Germany.
Taylor, J. A. and Wang, H. and StJohn, D. H. and Bainbridge, I. F. (2001) Anomalous grain coarsening behaviour observed in grain-refined aluminium alloy cast using low superheat. In: 130th TMS Annual MeetingLight Metals 2001, 11-15 Feb 2001, New Orleans, Louisanna.


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Here, Mike Welch argues that today's leading smart, Internet of Things (IoT), convergent BMS engineers can ensure that this is the case and end clients needn't be in the dark with regards to their control solution.
Lighting control systems, like many other commercial amenities, are considered to be something out of the control of the day-to-day users and, in some cases, even the premises or facilities manager. Managed and maintained by an engineer who visits the site every six months or in the case of an issue, lighting control systems are traditionally difficult to navigate and require specialist training to operate.
Commonly vendor dependent, lighting control solutions typically rely on a single source of supply for both system components and maintenance. This means that specialist manufacturer-based skills are required to install, maintain and importantly, manage a system. Consequently, for simple requests that do not fit within the standard package, substantial additional costs can be incurred.
However, with open standard, vendor independent lighting control solutions available today, this needn't be the case. Based upon open standards and convergent technologies, lighting control solutions can be incorporated within the building management system (BMS), making day-to-day management much simpler.
Utilising a truly interoperable network and ethos, such solutions enable the end client or user to influence the systems' design and user interface, both at point of delivery and over the solution's lifetime.
Offering this unique flexibility to the end client and user is elitedali™ smart lighting control. Easily accessible via any Internet browser, elitedali transforms any suitable Niagara BMS platform into a secure smart lighting commissioning and control product, connected to the Internet of Things (IoT).
Capable of visually displaying the lights on the DALI network, an easy to navigate web user interface can be created, with buttons built for specific actions such as turning on all lights on a floor or a particular floor or initiating specialist sequences, dimming etc.
Based upon open, international standards, system flexibility is at the core of elitedali. Implemented by any suitably qualified Niagara installation and commissioning engineer, elitedali provides end clients with total choice surrounding their preferred commissioning partner.
Furthermore, physical input devices such as dimmers, traditional light switches, wireless energy harvesting and smart mobile products can be incorporated into the system design to further aid control.
Creating a bespoke solution for each application, individual client's needs are met at the point of design, taking into consideration on going management and maintenance. In addition, the flexibility of the control solution enables it to be amended and adapted at any point during its lifespan.
In turn, an easy to use interface, ideally suited to the client, can result in less call outs to site for system modification and control clarifications. And for those instances where an engineer is required, IoT capability enables instantaneous changes without the need to be onsite.
A unique control solution, elitedali transforms the standard Niagara BMS into a world-class smart IoT lighting commissioning and control device. Thus enabling end clients to step out from the dark with secure and seamless access to all light fixture and sensor value data. This is particularly useful for both local and cloud based analytics to optimise operations in real-time.
Lighting control solutions are essential to reducing building energy consumption and creating the ideal working environment. To ensure this control is not misplaced and remains with the end user, vendor independent solutions that enable the end users needs to be fully considered should to be sought.
To locate your nearest Certified elitedali Partner, please click here.


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This article is a stub, an article too short to provide more than rudimentary information about a subject. You can help Pro Wrestling Wiki by expanding it.
Blair Mone (August 18, 1979) is an American bodybuilder and retired professional wrestler better known as Anthony Bravado. He debuted in 2006 and wrestled for Derby City Wrestling and Ohio Valley Wrestling. He wrestled his last match during December 2008 before officially retiring in 2009, to focus on a career in competitive bodybuilding.
In wrestling
- Finishers
- Jackhammer
- Signature moves
- "Poetic Justice"
- Teams and stables
Championships and accomplishments
- OVW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
External links
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


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Past and present, some personal reflections – your influence on my life
Extract from Journal of the '45 Aid Society, Issue no. 24, Autumn 2000.
Born in London in 1924 and still living here today, Barbara Barnett was evacuated to Canada during the war. When she came back to London she trained as a social worker specialising in child welfare on a course taught by Donald Winnicott, one of the leading members of the British Psychoanalytical Society. In December 1946 Barbara was invited as a volunteer to socialise with a group of young survivors who had just arrived at their temporary shelter in London. In this article addressed to The Boys, Barbara describes to them her memories from these early days.
My first knowledge of your existence was in the winter of 1946. Someone … approached me at Lauderdale Road Synagogue and asked if I would visit young survivors of the Camps who had just reached London… I was an undergraduate on a Social Science course at LSE. What had I had to offer? I visited the shelter together with my then friend, Richard Barnett… That decision had a profound impact on the rest of our lives.
We learned some facts: that the British government had agreed to offer 1,000 child survivors under 16 years old, temporary visas to the UK. The proviso was that the Jewish community took full responsibility for them until they were rehabilitated overseas, and ensured that none became a financial liability on the state. The Jewish Refugee Committee had accepted this undertaking and then set up the CCC, the Committee for the Care of Children from the Camps, with Leonard Montefiore in the chair. No one more caring, capable and discerning could have been selected for that sensitive position.
Richard and I introduced ourselves at the Jews' Temporary Shelter in the East End of London. There we met the boys in one dormitory and the girls in another, the rooms crammed with beds separated by small lockers. It was strangely quiet, the only sound occasional humming or snatches of song. We went round shaking hands in an attempt to make some contact. The language barrier was formidable and Richard decided it would be unacceptable to you to speak in German.
You were all teenagers, mostly from that part of Hungary that had been Czechoslovakia. You had chosen to come here as a first step to aliyah – or to joining relatives elsewhere. You spent your first few months at the shelter in Mansell Street… We were told you needed help and encouragement in learning the language, introductions to local Jewish families and guidance in adapting to living in London. We were at a loss. How could we get to know you when there seemed no point of contact? ...There were no Zionist Youth Groups in our community. Slowly some information had reached us … about the concentration camps but only after D-Day came the ghastly reports of the findings by Allied forces.
Once you… had mastered some English - and how rapidly you did so – Richard invited a few at a time to spend an evening drawing and painting at his flat… I produced refreshments, but they must have been very simple as we still had strict rationing. We never knew who would turn up on these occasions as it took some time before you trusted us.
The next stage found you reaching major decisions. The CBF counsellors worked with you, one by one to discover your ambitions and lead you through what options they could find; to study and make up for lost schooling, to learn a trade, or to find a job. There were limits. The British economy had been drained by the war and you were competing for work and training alongside ex-servicemen. Many of you were disappointed with what was available… Arthur Poznanski had a rough time, Richard helped him find more congenial work; they came together… through their enjoyment of music.
As decisions were reached, lodgings were sought for each of you, usually a room in a private house with a Jewish landlady. This meant you would be isolated, living alone, or sometimes with a friend, and losing the firm support and deep-rooted solidarity that had built up with the others. No one else could be expected to understand what you had been through or what your life once was. So the Primrose Club was established in Belsize Park to provide a meeting place and a social centre. It proved a brilliant idea that was developed by Yogi Mayer, the very experienced and indefatigable leader, to become an outstanding success. You flocked there from your widely scattered digs. Every evening offered a growing variety of activities; there was a canteen and a small hostel… you excelled in sports. At interclub competitions the Primrose teams became famous.
We came to meet you there. Richard brought records and introduced musical appreciation sessions. These became very popular. For some it was a first discovery of classical music …while for others powerful memories were evoked of music enjoyed in their childhood homes before all hell was let loose. Through art and music, people can find expression without any language barrier. Once that barrier disappeared I had added weekly play-reading and later on performances at St Peter's Church in Belsize Square. Do you remember Chaim Liss as the leading man? Hugo Gryn took part too... Nowadays art, music and drama are recognized as valued outlets for self-expression – we didn't know that then.
Eventually Richard and I married… and made our own home in Belsize Park, we were able to welcome a few of you there often to share our Friday evenings. A few names and a few occasions I remember well, but I plead with those people and happenings omitted here to accept my apologies and know I have warm feelings for you all. So many of you I continued to meet at '45 Aid Society gatherings and lectures and other occasions are familiar from those early days, like Michael Etkind, Roman Halter, Jerry Herzberg and Kopel Kendall… Abe Herman dropped in quite often… he would play the piano, share a meal … and advise us on how to renovate our house.
Richard …became the Chair of the Primrose Club Management Committee. Their meetings were in our house. Then came a blow; the lease expired on the Belsize Park properties. The CBF said the club would be closed. The CCC's function in rehabilitating your group was reaching an end, for most of you were nearing independence… But Richard was adamant the club must stay open - it was The Boys' sole meeting place. There you provided each other with mutual support unavailable elsewhere. So he was to it that the club continued to function on a part-time basis at St Peter's Hall till a new plan was made. Eventually the Finchley Road premises were taken on and the club was again a flourishing concern. Local youngsters were keen to join. The new leaders were Sol and Thelma Marcus for, by then, Yogi Mayer had moved on to the Brady Club. He knew you could now manage your own lives. With his great wisdom, sensitivity and understanding he had played a major part in your personal development.
A fresh chapter was written when as adults by then, you founded the '45 Aid Society – with Ben at the helm as he has been ever since… You created a self-help group for mutual assistance among you, now young adults, struggling to maintain your independence, coping with numerous ups and downs at work, with difficult landladies, with personal relationships. Some would say this was a normal picture. The huge difference was you had no family to fall back on as had your British contemporaries. But you had – and continue to have - the '45 Aid Society as your family. Inevitably as in every family, there have been, and still are, squabbles and disagreements and sibling rivalry.
There came a time, after most of you were married, when you had stable jobs, businesses and careers and reached a more settled period. Your partners were then, and are now, a great strength, and marvellous support. Those who had had no wartime experience akin to yours quickly learned that any demands from The Boys took precedence over theirs - that loyalty and solidarity among The Boys was paramount.
As you matured, so too did the '45 Aid Society. Suddenly (or so it seemed to me) a role reversal took place. You were contributing, and generously, to charities in Britain and Israel – while always retaining responsibility and concern for each other… Ben and others have been in the forefront of negotiations for reparations and in numerous other educational and memorial activities… Special mention must be made of the garden dedicated to the Six Million in Hyde Park, your support for Beth Shalom, that very special memorial, and the development of the new Imperial War Museum exhibition.
The greatest pride of all, the true measure of your accomplishments, lies surely in the achievements of your children. It is overtly evident how you have led them to take full advantage of educational opportunities and career openings and provided every encouragement to do so – along avenues you were denied but dearly wished to enter. Their levels of success speak for you … many of your children, far more than in their peer group, are actively concerned with human rights issues… your generation has entrusted them to keep alive knowledge of what the Nazi machine attempted to do, how far it went, the atrocities that were committed that took six draining years by the Allies to extinguish. It is a heavy commitment.
I feel privileged to have been a member of your society and to have shared some of your joys and sorrows. Your strengths and achievements provide living evidence to the rest of us that good can triumph over evil.
Barbara Barnett


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This Sales Funnel Explained series is for business owners who want to know how to increase leads and customers. There is a method to increasing sales and the SALES FUNNEL provides a framework to achieving that goal. The Sales Funnel Explained series is in 3 parts:
- The Stages of the Funnel
- The Marketing Tools for each stage of the funnel
- The Marketing Messages for each stage of the funnel
PART 1: The Stages of the Funnel
In part 1 of the Sales Funnel Explained series I will outline the 3 stages of a basic funnel. Sales Funnels can become complex broken into four, five, six or seven stages. But for those just starting keeping it simple is the best place to start.
What is a Sales Funnel?
A Sales Funnel is a series of steps designed to guide your customers towards a buying decision. This process is where your marketing efforts come in – through ads, emails, website, landing pages and more. The whole purpose of the funnel is to help your customers/visitors achieve their goals or desired outcomes and, at the same time, your business achieving its own.
The 3 Stages of the Funnel
First of all, here's an overview of the stages of the funnel:
- Top of Funnel: the first stage is about building traffic – your aim is to get as many people as possible entering in, becoming aware of your offer.
- Middle of Funnel: in the second stage the goal is to build leads – as potentials become more aware of your offer and perhaps make small purchases with you.
- Bottom of Funnel: in the third stage you are converting leads into customers – they come out through the bottom making a purchase and becoming a customer.
Typically not everyone makes it all the way through, some people may lose interest along the way and that is fine. The goal is to find those ideal customers who make their way through to the bottom and purchase from you.
Let's look at each of the stages in more detail…
TOP: Getting People To Know About Your Business & Offer
The Top of the Funnel is about building traffic. We call the people who enter in here a "cold audience". They've probably never heard of you before or done business with you. If we think of the sales funnel process as "strangers" becoming "friends", this is where we meet strangers (the good kind).
At this point, the potential customers have probably never heard of your business, your products or services you offer, but they are slightly aware of their problem; they have a "want", a need to be fulfilled, or something that they want to achieve. And YOU have the solution
MIDDLE: Getting Contact Information of New Leads
The Middle of the Funnel is about turning traffic into leads. You are now working with a "warm audience". Consider this stage as guiding them from being a "stranger" and becoming an "acquaintance". The potential customers who have entered your funnel have:
- started to engage with you;
- become aware of your business, product, service.
- started warming up to you.
This is the time to make a small offer that connects their "problem/want" to your product/service. The purpose of this small offer is to get their contact information so you can continue to build a relationship with them in whichever format you prefer to do that (email, phone, mail).
BOTTOM: Getting New Customers
The Bottom of the Funnel is about converting the leads above, into paying customers. Those people who have continued down into the bottom stage of your funnel are now "qualified prospects". You are now connecting with a "hot audience". Consider them as a "friend", as ideally, they have chosen you over the competition and are ready to make a purchase.
That is really a basic outline of the stages of the funnel. In the following posts, we look at the marketing tools and marketing messages that are best used through each stage of the funnel.
The Last Word
Now that you have a basic understanding of what a Sales Funnel is and the different funnel stages, the next step is to discover which marketing tools are best used at each stage of the funnel.
>> Read about the marketing tools for each stage of the sales funnel
>> Read about the marketing messaging during the sales funnel stages here.
Are you ready to take your Sales Funnel SERIOUSLY?
The One Funnel Away Challenge is the perfect place for you to learn everything you need to know about building Sales Funnels. They go through everything in detail, so even if you're a newbie and have never built a funnel before, this would be an appropriate Challenge for you to do…


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Cisco Warning Sobers Street
Page 1 of 1
Investors in the past few days have been feeling overly optimistic, if not quite giddy, that the yearlong slump in stock prices is just about over.
Then along came Mr. Gloomy Gus, John Chambers.
The Cisco Systems CEO delivered a sobering message after Monday's market close, one which should remind investors that the slowdown in corporate and consumer spending currently gripping the economy can't simply be wished away or ignored.
Announcing that the networking equipment giant would miss revenue and profit projections for its fiscal third quarter, Chambers offered this pessimistic prognosis: "The business environment that our segment of the IT industry is facing has never been more challenging. In fact, this may be the fastest any industry our size has ever decelerated."
shares fell after Monday's closing bell, dragging down shares of other networking companies such as arch-rival Juniper Networks, Avici Systems, Cienaand Extreme Networks.
Shares of CSCO closed Monday at $17.20, but dropped to $15.25 in Tuesday's pre-opening trading. CSCO hit its lowest closing price in more than two years on April 6, finishing at $13.63.
Cisco estimated Monday that for the third quarter ending April 30, revenues would be 30% lower than in Q2 and that per-share earnings would be in the "very low, single-digit range." Analysts had expected an EPS of 8 cents.
The company said it would take a write-off of $2.5 billion for excess inventory in the third quarter.
Noting that reductions in corporate spending had spread from the U.S. to global markets, Cisco also predicted that Q4 revenues could drop as much as 10% below third-quarter sales.
The current quarter will be the second straight in which Cisco falls short of previous expectations. Until this year, the company had met or exceeded Wall Street estimates for as long as anyone could remember. But in February, Cisco missed earnings forecasts by a penny, and warned at the time that quarterly sales would be flat for the rest of the fiscal year. Now CSCO is downwardly adjusting even that modest outlook.
While analysts seem split about the impact of Cisco's Q3 warning on the market -- some say it was expected, others say it was worse than previously thought -- it's hard to imagine investors shrugging off this high-profile reminder that the economic slowdown shows no sign of abating in the foreseeable future. And that's a shaky platform on which to build a sustained market recovery.


text: The Indian Governments visa application web site is currently offline since Wednesday Oct 4th, the processing of Indian e-visas and stamped visas are being delayed due to this system failure. We are monitoring the situation and will post a notification when it comes back on line. Oct 9th The application web site is now back online.


text: Thank you for treating and ridding our house of bedbugs! As you know it takes five days for the eggs to hatch so Linda and I waited five days from when you treated. We wanted to let you know that we have not seen, or been bitten by a bedbug since your treatment... Again thank you for a solution to a problem that not many people knew how to deal with.


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Have you ever experienced an empty wallet when in desperate need of servicing or paying for maintenance your vehicle needs so badly? Do you want to know about real oil change prices? Look no further than our wide selection of oil change coupons from many top quality brands such as Pennzoil, Jiffy Lube, Valvoline, Sears and so many more. We have dedicated our website to providing coupons for many major cities throughout the United States.
We make it a point to cover a vast number of cities and oil changing service stations that are all very well known by reputation, high quality of service and long-standing business operations. At this time we include many major cities such as Chicago, San Diego, New Jersey, Atlanta and Houston along with many more. Our coupon collection and cities that are included are always growing so if we haven't covered your city yet: don't run away without checking back from time to time or you could miss out on some major savings! Find and print oil change coupons for 2019 and get up to 35% OFF! The latest Firestone, Goodyear, Valvoline coupons on oil change, as well as Sears auto centers, Walmart auto services… If you need conventional or synthetic motor oil you are in the right place to get the best deals and save money. With these coupon codes, you will able to save up to 35% or get additional car service free of charge. Coupons that we have collected for you are a great way to get quality and cheap oil change near you. Here you can find the best oil change prices and compare offers from various auto services that provide changing oil service.
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Coupons for Major Oil Change Providers are what we have in Store for You!
When starting out as a vehicle owner (driver) you might end up taking shortcuts to save on the maintenance of your vehicle. Some drivers prefer to change their own oil but that's only helpful if you know what you are doing and you know exactly what is needed and where to get it cheapest, which sadly the average consumer knows nothing about for the most part. Other consumers are reeled in by a small business mechanic that provides the oil change without a coupon but they fail to offer any kind of discount. This situation can end in frustration, too much money spent, time wasted and a quality oil change not being received a.k.a. this only works out for the mechanic, not you!
Luckily, our coupon base covers the best of the best in the oil changing industry including the well known Pennzoil and Valvoline services as well as Goodyear and National Tire & Brake services. Each and every coupon we have here is able to be used at any of those fine businesses as long as you are using the coupons in a valid city.
These oil change services will be guaranteed at the utmost quality and best price around that you could possibly ever find. Start enjoying your days as you should and quit having to worry about minor problems like spending too much on vehicle services and repairs. Rely on our oil change coupons and top quality providers alone to help save you a major amount of money throughout the years of servicing your vehicle. Many people don't begin to realize how much something as simple as an oil change can cost but as the years roll by the count begins to add up significantly. Feel free to browse our massive collection of coupons and start getting your vehicle the service it deserves!
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Property and Building
A tastefully done bare shell office space located in BKC Annex (Kurla West) is for sale. This Kurla West office space can be modified as per ones taste and business needs. The office unit has 1800 square feet of useable area (2862 sq. ft. of built up area) and comes with a reserved car park, visitor parking and its own bathroom. In terms of amenities, this Kurla West commercial project has full time security, four lifts, its own cafeteria, power backup, a fire system and water storage.
North Central Mumbai: Sion, Kurla, Mahim Dadar
North Central Mumbai comprises, but is not limited to, Sion, Kurla, Mahim Dadar and offers commercial property seekers more reasonable rates than neighboring Parel BKC.
This centrally located area is one of the best connected places in the City with easy access to Dadar train station, the domestic and international airport (20-25 minute drive away), BKC and Parel (two of the most important commercial areas in Mumbai) and has relatively easy access to the rest of North Mumbai and South Mumbai.
North Central Mumbai is also a very large residential neighborhood with many of its residents in Mumbai's upper middle class. Hence the space for retail shops and restaurants is always in demand. Similar to office space, retail properties in North Central Mumbai are less expensive than its neighbors: BKC Parel.


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Homeopathy is an alternative form of medicine. It was discovered by a German Physician Dr. Samuel Hahnemann in 1796, and has ever since been used extensively all over the world especially in Europe & Asia. Present knowledge of science is unable to explain how homeopathic remedies work that's why there is a lot of misinformation about homeopathy.
Bottomline is that no one knows how homeopathy works.
Do some research on your own, you will be amazed that the exact mode of working of a lot of allopathic medicines is also not known.
Homeopathic remedies predominantly originate from plants, but they are also made of substances of mineral, animal or synthetic origin. Then there are nosodes which manufactured from a product of the disease such as infected tissue or causal organisms. The concept of nosodes and vaccines is similar.
They are made through a special process called Potentisation. Potentisation is a step-wise dilution and succussion of the mother tincture according to defined methods. Mother tinctures are mostly produced by alcoholic extraction and in rare cases by water extraction. Following special procedures (explained in the Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia), mother tinctures are diluted with alcohol or water and then vigorously shaken by hand by ten hard strikes against an elastic body in a process called succussion. The solid mother substances are stepwise diluted and triturated, i.e. ground in lactose to produce a 10-fold or 100-fold diluted remedy. The relation between the active substances and the excipients is 1 part to 9 parts for decimal (indicated as D or X) potencies, and 1 part to 99 parts for centesimal (indicated as C) potencies. The relation for Q (or LM) potencies is 1 part to 50,000. The indicators X or D, C or LM are combined with a number giving the number of dilution steps of the production progress.
Homeopathic preparations are produced in a variety of pharmaceutical forms. Some are unique to homeopathy others are more common. All these pharmaceutical forms are described in the Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. Globules, also called pillules or pellets, are made of pure sucrose. Globules are impregnated or medicated by fixing a homeopathic liquid attenuation into their matrix. Globules are unique to homeopathy and are very popular. Like all homeopathic oral pharmaceutical forms they are administered sublingually. Other pharmaceutical forms are tablets, mother tinctures and tinctures, triturations, injection ampoules, ointments and suppositories.
Homeopathic remedies are:
– Safe
– Fast acting
– Non-toxic
– Non-invasive
– Extremely cheap. Homeopathic medicines (called remedies) cost less than $10 and are good for at least 80 doses!
– Last a lifetime and probably have no expiry date as 200 yr old remedies have been found to work
As more & more people are becoming aware of the serious Side effects of allopathic medicines, their inability to cure and high costs, they are exploring safer alternatives for their children & themselves.
Homeopathic remedies are non-toxic, non-invasive & very cheap. They are extremely safe when used correctly. These remedies work by stimulating the body's own healing power. These remedies are non-proprietary and anyone can make them in house. Homeopathy is growing very strongly all over the world because people are getting sick & tired of the side effects of allopathic medicines.
You owe it to yourself to try the safer alternative first before moving on to allopathic route.
No one knows the limits of healing that homeopathy can achieve. Having said that, we believe homeopathy is the most natural & fastest method of healing, still it is not magic and even homeopathy follows the laws of nature. Accordingly, cure will be governed by the following factors:
- Age of the patient (the younger the patient, the faster the cure)
- General health of the patient (better health will ensure faster cure)
- Age of the problem (older problems take longer to resolve)
- Severity of the problem (more severe problems take longer to resolve)
- Cause of the problem (the simpler the cause, the quicker the fix, old, genetically inherited problems are very difficult to resolve)
- Treatments already taken for the problem (the more suppressive treatments used, the more difficult the cure)
- Location of the problem (skin problems don't resolve unless the underlying internal health issues are cured)
Homeopathy can improve almost all diseases. Even the diseases considered incurable, in such diseases it can show some improvement to delay or stop disease progression.
The No Cure – No Pay! promise gives you a month of free treatment so that you can decide whether the results were as per your expectation, whatever the illness maybe. So if you are happy with the results thus far, you pay for the treatment, if not, you go free and we stop the treatment.
The same payment model will continue for subsequent months (if required) i.e. if you are satisfied, you pay at the end of the month.
For Acute illnesses (cold, flu, fever etc) you pay after your cure & full satisfaction. There are no payments upfront. Absolutely nothing. Its plain & simple.
This is one of the most frequently asked questions. We have seen people who have gotten our help & got cured but didn't pay. They can do it only once. The world is so big and filled with ethical people mostly. People will always fall ill and will always come back if they were treated in a way that met or exceeded their expectations. We have seen it work successfully and hence continue to do that.
All cases are considered realistically curable except those with advanced pathological changes e.g. organ size increased many times it's normal size, a genetically inherited disorder from one or both parents, diseases that have been managed by allopathic medicines or steroids for many years. All such cases may improve and disease progression arrested but a full cure maybe unlikely. Homeopathy is not magic and is governed by the laws of nature.
With a success rate of over 80%, we are confident that most cases will respond wonderfully well to the homeopathic treatment. You have to try it to believe it. Instead of us trying to explain whether it works or not, we are offering the proof in the pudding. We are putting our money where our mouth is. Try our service free for a month and if you are not satisfied, you stop the treatment & pay nothing.
We ourselves are sometimes amazed when some flu patient reports that he/she started feeling better within an hour of taking the homeopathic remedy. In most acute cases, it works so fast that you will be amazed. That's why we are able to offer our unique promise: No Cure – No Pay!
SRF (Smart Remedy Finder)
We offer the free SRF (Smart Remedy Finder) which finds your homeopathic remedy for common ailments within a few minutes by asking questions in simple English and giving you answer options. It's Smart because it only asks relevant questions as soon as you start answering. It was developed by taking inputs from several homeopaths, programmers & engineers. It is a custom made program not available anywhere else. It is based primarily on the work of two Master homeopaths of our past i.e. Boenninghausen & Kent. We keep adding ailments to the SRF as soon as the development work is completed on more. It's a radial approach towards selecting the correct remedy without the need of a homeopath. To get the most benefit from the SRF, we strongly recommend that you stock up on commonly used homeopathic remedies so that you don't need to rush to the market or order online when you need the remedy the most. For your convenience here is the List of recommended homeopathic remedies to stock.
The symptoms for which homeopathic treatment is being sought can sometimes worsen for a short duration before getting cured. This is called homeopathic aggravation and a confirmatory sign that the remedy is right & your body has recognized the ailment and is now ready to cure it.
You may question why is homeopathy not the mainstream form of medicine if it is so good. There are 2 main reasons for it:
1.FINANCIAL: It's mostly about money & financial gains. Homeopathic remedies are pretty cheap, non-proprietary & non-patented, everyone can make them at home. The big pharmaceutical companies can't sell them at exorbitant prices & make huge profits, hence they don't promote them, rather they discredit homeopathy because the more people use homeopathy, the more clients they will loose. It's identical to home remedies e.g. have you ever seen an advertisement to eat garlic or ginger to ward off cold? Why is that? Because no one will foot the bill of advertising to tell the people to eat garlic or ginger which they can buy for cents from the market. If garlic & ginger were proprietary & patented, then that would be a totally different story.
2.DIFFICULTY IN PRESCRIBING: To bring cure, the homeopathic remedy needs to be chosen very carefully. There are over 2000 remedies from which one single remedy is chosen based on your Emotional & Physical symptoms. If the wrong remedy is chosen, it will not work. Such failures earn bad repute for homeopathy. This is what makes homeopathy safe also. This in turn means that homeopathy can't be relied upon solely for any & all health conditions.
What all of this means is that unless we use the right tool for the job, we will fail and blame the tool. Similarly, homeopathy is not for each & every situation. Just like in life, we use the easiest & simplest solutions first before going to the harsher & difficult solutions, the best approach is to try homeopathy first and if it fails, go for the harsher approach of allopathy. We use the word harsh because all allopathic medicines have side effects even the innocent looking pain killers too.
There are 2 types of skeptics, genuine and pharma sponsored.
GENUINE SKEPTICS: Since existing knowledge of science can't explain how & why homeopathy works so we do have some genuine skeptics. Instead of trying to explain the how & why as we also don't know, we offer "proof of the pudding is in eating" concept. If you are open minded, before giving a verdict, you need to try homeopathy at least 2 times for some minor illness e.g. Flu, Sore throat etc., by taking advice (online or in person) from a classical Hahnemannian homeopath who uses a single remedy at a time and prescribes based on the totality of symptoms.
PHARMA SPONSORED SKEPTICS: These skeptics are sponsored by big pharma companies and have a vested interest to cause confusion amongst the masses as anyone who switches to homeopathy is lost revenue for the pharma companies. It is just like the scientists today who are sponsored by the oil industry who denounce climate change and try to fool people by saying that climate change is not real.


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9 unforgettable urban waterfalls
Nature in the city
For many, the word "waterfall" conjures a distinct image of an idyllic, semi-secret place that can be accessed only by committing to an arduous hike through the woods. This, of course, isn't always the case.
Across North America, there are a handful of significant waterfalls located smack dab in the downtown core of major cities. For what they lack in seclusion or unspoiled natural beauty, these urban waterfalls — most of them natural or once-natural features of rivers — make up for in history-changing impact. These are the waterfalls that America's early manufacturing hubs sprayed forth from. After all, what's a bustling 19th century mill town without a raging, hydropower-producing waterfall in the middle of it?
Over the decades, many urban waterfalls have been used, abused, altered and largely forgotten as the cities around them eventually fell into decline. Others have survived as tourist attractions or energy producers. Others, once blighted and near-erased by development, are being cleaned up, revitalized and rediscovered by a generation looking for beauty in unexpected places.
We've rounded up nine of North America's most noteworthy waterfalls surrounded by sizable cities — and in the case of the mighty Niagara Falls, two sizable cities. Ranging from 20 to 167 feet tall, all are unique in size, strength and historical impact. All of them have a story to tell.


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Home | Glossary
Member Login
| Home | Glossary
Below are definitions for common SBCERA-related terms used throughout the website and on various communication materials.
'37 Act – The County Employees Retirement Law of 1937–better known as the '37 Act– is a body of law enacted to govern retirement benefits for certain public employees. SBCERA is one of 20 county retirement systems in California subject to the provisions of the '37 Act.
Active Member – Member who is currently working for an SBCERA employer and participating in SBCERA membership.
Actuary – A licensed professional who assesses the financial security of the pension plan.
Additional Retirement Credit (ARC) – A type of service credit purchase that allowed Tier 1 members to buy up to five years of ARC to increase their total retirement service credit. The time purchased was not based on actual employment. Per the Public Employees' Pension Reform Act of 2013 (PEPRA), this type of service credit purchase is no longer available for any SBCERA members.
Age Factor – The factor determined by age that is used in determining retirement benefits. There are maximum ages for all membership tiers and classifications. Working beyond a maximum age will not provide you with any further age benefit, but you will continue to add to your retirement benefit by adding to your years of service credit and, possibly, achieving a higher final average compensation. The maximum age for Tier 1 Safety members is 50; for Tier 1 General members it is age 65. For Tier 2 members, it is age 57 for Safety members and age 67 for General members.
Annuity – A series of payments (retirement benefits) derived from your contributions and interest for a specific period of time such as a number of years or for life.
Beneficiary – Person(s) you name to receive a lump-sum distribution and/or monthly continuance (if eligible) upon your death. If no beneficiary is named or if the beneficiary is no longer living, the beneficiary will be your surviving:
Benefits – Payments from SBCERA such as monthly retirement payments, disability payments or lump-sum payments.
Bona Fide Separation from Service – There are certain limitations, as established by legislation, SBCERA By-Laws and/or federal tax laws, for members who plan to return to work for a participating SBCERA employer following their retirement:
COLA – A Cost-of-Living Adjustment (COLA) is an annual percentage change in a member's monthly SBCERA retirement or death benefit, not to exceed 2% per year. The COLA is awarded by the Board of Retirement on April 1st of each year based on the increase or decrease in the regional Consumer Price Index (CPI) as of January 1st of that year.
Consumer Price Index (CPI) – An indicator of the cost of living published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. It is an indicator of the changing purchasing power of the dollar.
Deductions – Money taken out of your active employee pay or retirement benefit.
Deferred Reciprocal Member – A member who is no longer employed by a participating SBCERA employer, has elected to defer receiving their retirement benefit and has entered employment with a reciprocal public agency within 180 days of termination from their SBCERA-covered employment.
Deferred Retirement – As a vested member, you may leave your retirement contributions, if any, on deposit with SBCERA and elect to retire at a later date when you are eligible and ready to begin receiving your retirement benefit.
Disability Retirement – For purposes of the Retirement Plan, "disabled" means you are "permanently incapacitated for the performance of duty."
Domestic Partnership – A State-registered committed partnership between same-sex couples or opposite sex couples where one partner is age 62 or over. While registration is not the same as marriage, it does secure many important rights and responsibilities. SBCERA recognizes registered domestic partners as eligible beneficiaries if they meet the required criteria.
Domestic Relations Order (DRO) – A legal judgment, decree or order acknowledging the right of a former spouse or domestic partner to a community property interest in your retirement benefits. The DRO directs SBCERA to pay benefits to a former spouse or domestic partner.
Earnable Compensation – For Tier 1 members, earnable compensation is your base pay plus any additional payable items, allowances and cash-outs such as uniform allowance or shift differential. Earnable compensation does not include pay for overtime worked.
Eligible Beneficiary – This is a person you name in writing to receive certain benefits provided by the plan upon your death.
Eligible Child – Your child (or children, if applicable) who is unmarried and under the age of 18, or under the age of 22 if an unmarried, full-time student.
Eligible Domestic Partner – The same-sex partner to whom you are legally registered. Or, it could be your opposite-sex partner over the age of 62 to whom you are legally registered. For purposes of receiving a benefit, the term is defined differently depending on the situation.
Eligible Spouse – The person to whom you are legally married. For purposes of receiving a benefit, the term is defined differently depending on the situation.
Entry Age – For Tier 1 members, this is your age when you joined and/or rejoined SBCERA membership or your entry age from another public pension system with which you have previously established reciprocity. Your entry age is used to determine your member contribution rate and stays the same throughout your membership with SBCERA.
Final Average Compensation – One of the factors used in determining your lifetime monthly retirement benefit. For Tier 1 members, it is your highest 12-consecutive months of earnable compensation at any time during your membership or another agency with which you have established reciprocity. For Tier 2 members, it is the average of your highest 36-consecutive months of pensionable compensation at any time during your membership with SBCERA.
General Member – You are a General member if you do any work for an employer other than active law enforcement or active fire suppression.
Member Statement – An annual account notice sent to your mailing address providing Active, Deferred Vested and Deferred Reciprocal members with a summary of their SBCERA retirement account including future benefit estimates and their designated beneficiaries.
Nonrefundable Contributions Option – An option your employer may offer that allows you to contribute to SBCERA at a lower rate (rate subject to annual review); however, upon your termination of employment with a participating SBCERA employer or your death, you and/or your beneficiary will not be entitled to a refund of any nonrefundable contributions.
Pensionable Compensation – For Tier 2 members, it is your normal monthly rate of pay, or base pay, paid to similarly situated members of the same group or class of employment for services rendered on a full-time basis during normal working hours. Pay items excluded from pensionable compensation include, but are not limited to, leave cash outs, standby pay, overtime, payments for services outside of normal working hours, bonuses and allowances. There is a cap on pensionable compensation equivalent to 120% of the Social Security level adjusted by changes in the Consumer Price Index annually on January 1st following the annual valuation.
Prior Public Agency Service (PPAS) – Prior service in a public agency such as Federal civil service, military service and some public employers in California. NOTE: This service is not purchasable if you are entitled to receive a pension or retirement benefit for it.
California Public Employees' Pension Reform Act of 2013 (PEPRA) –State legislation, i.e. Assembly Bill 340, that set forth sweeping changes to public employee retirement benefits in California. While PEPRA had little to no impact on existing SBCERA members, new benefit levels were mandated for those hired on or after January 1, 2013. In response, SBCERA established a new tier, Tier 2, for those hired on or after January 1, 2013 and, therefore, subject to the provisions of PEPRA.
Refundable Contributions – Contributions paid at the normal rate to SBCERA. You would be eligible to receive a refund of these contributions, your employer refundable pick-up portion (if applicable or if any) and the interest on both upon termination of your employment with a participating SBCERA employer or your death.
Reciprocal – Referring to the shared relationship/membership in two or more California public retirement plans that enhances benefits and "links" them together. See also "reciprocity."
Reciprocity – An agreement between SBCERA and another California public retirement system allowing you to receive retirement benefits from both, under certain circumstances and requirements.
Redeposit – Paying back money and related interest previously withdrawn from your Retirement Plan account to restore service credit.
Retirement Date – The first date retirement income is payable to you and the date when your retirement election becomes irrevocable.
Safety Member – You are a Safety member if you are employed in active law enforcement or active fire suppression.
SBCERA – San Bernardino County Employees' Retirement Association (also referred to as "the Plan" or "the System").
Service Credit – Credit you earn over time as an SBCERA member. It is expressed as years and/or portions of a year. For members who are part-time employees, a proportionate amount of credit is earned.
Summary Plan Description – A general description of SBCERA retirement plan provisions offered to plan participants and beneficiaries (also known as "The Compass").
Survivor Benefits – Those benefits payable to a General member's eligible spouse, registered domestic partner or children upon their death.
Tier 1 Member – Those SBCERA members with a membership date prior to January 1, 2013. Or, those members who are eligible for and establish reciprocity with an eligible public retirement system for service prior to January 1, 2013.
Tier 2 Member – Those SBCERA members with a membership date on or after January 1, 2013, unless the member is eligible for and establishes reciprocity with another eligible public retirement system for service prior to January 1, 2013.
Vested – Members are considered "vested" or eligible to receive a future benefit after achieving five years of service credit.
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There may be one more reason to put away the cellphone.
New research suggests daily cellphone use could have a negative impact on male fertility.
The findings, published in the International Journal of Andrology, add to growing evidence that suggests a link between cellphone use and lower quality sperm.
In the study, researchers from Canada and Austria examined the sperm of more than 2,000 men collected from 1993 to 2007 at an Austrian infertility clinic.
At the time of collection, men were also asked whether they had cellphones. Men who talked on them every day were classified as cellphone users.
After examining the data, the researchers found that the cellphone users had lower quality sperm than men who didn't use cellphones. The variation in sperm quality wasn't drastic, but there was enough of a difference to conclude there is a link between cellphones and lower quality sperm, said Rany Shamloul, a sexual-medicine researcher at Queen's University in Kingston and one of the study's authors.
The message of the study is that "cellphones may have a potential to negatively affect the fertility of men," he said.
Men who reported using cellphones had higher levels of circulating testosterone but lower levels of luteinizing hormone, which is secreted by the pituitary and a key reproductive hormone.
Although it's not entirely clear, researchers believe that the electromagnetic waves coming from cellphones increase the number of testosterone-producing cells. But at the same time, those waves may also lower the levels of luteinizing hormone, which may interfere with sperm production and fertility.
However, it is too early and there is not enough evidence to advise men to avoid using the technology, according to Keith Jarvi, director Murray Koffler Urologic Wellness Centre and head of urology at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, who was not involved in the study.
"There is no evidence we can tell guys that cellphones are causing infertility," Dr. Jarvi said. "I don't even know if you can tell guys to move cellphones away from their nether regions." One important point to keep in mind, he said, is that there is no proof cellphone use is what caused the men in the study to have lower-quality sperm.
It's possible that men who use cellphones and those who don't possess different characteristics or socioeconomic factors that could have accounted for the difference. Dr. Jarvi also pointed out that differences in how sperm quality was measured throughout the length of the study could have had an impact on the results.
Despite the study's limitations, Dr. Jarvi said there is growing evidence that suggests a definitive link between increased cellphone usage and poorer sperm quality.
The problem is that researchers have more questions than answers about that relationship and its potential implications.
"The jury is still out," said Ashok Agarwal, director of the Center for Reproductive Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic and professor at the Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University.
One of the chief difficulties in understanding that link, Dr. Agarwal said, is that there haven't been any comprehensive, rigorous scientific studies.
It's possible that might soon change, however. Dr. Jarvi said there has been an explosion in interest on the subject of male fertility and cellphones, which could lead to more research and a clearer understanding of what the risks may be.
"It's a huge unknown right now," he said. "But there's something there."


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When I started my very first blog the short, yet profound, phrase 'Hello World' was sitting in the first draft post. It sat, perfectly simple, in the wordpress template as if it were helping to push me along into the future, a little more open and a little less anxiously than would typically mark the beginning of the unknown. Granted, I think everyone who started a blog had the same stock welcome note waiting for them on their first post, but in that moment the welcome felt very personal and very real.
I've been thinking a lot this week about new beginnings – about the difficulties of wrapping up the past and stepping into the instability of the future – no matter how bright it might look.
If you're standing at the edge of something new, no matter how much certainty you carry in the decision, you're bound to feel vulnerable. New jobs, new relationships, new businesses — and even just new routines. It's far too frequent that people tell me that they'd love to try out MAD, or they are really excited about b:core but they are afraid they wouldn't be good at it, aren't fit enough, or will try it 'next month' (when, clearly, all the rest of the world will have aligned around them to make the adjustments to their current schedule seamless and powerful). Obviously I'm joking a bit there because I've never known any phase of my life, or even any day really, to perfectly align in a way that makes my goals easy (can goals be easy?). If I learned anything during my tenure at lululemon and the hundred some goal setting sessions I conducted, it's that if you're not really reaching for a big goal– and maybe reaching, finding a step stool or ladder, and creating a pulley system to get to that top point — you're not aiming high enough. And if it scares the pants off of you? Great. You'll thank yourself later. In short, you'll have to create your own perfect alignment, your own power, and your own conviction to go after that next goal.
Today as I sit here, amidst quite a bit of the anticipated 'new' and a list of far too many to-do's, I'm embracing it all. I have endless opportunities, a handful of things that are all building quickly, and powerfully, to lead to wherever it is I'm going to end up — but I can't complain. The good far outweighs the bad, the creative outweighs the mundane, and the strengths outweigh the weaknesses. We are finally on the brink of being exactly where we anted to be with ALL the businesses, and it's time to appreciate their energy, success, and communities – in a big way.
Today we announced another exciting piece of our b:core lineup – b:elite. The b:elite program is geared towards developing high school and college athletes looking to build, or enhance, strength and endurance fundamentals through personalized and focused skills development and conditioning.
This training and programming is expertly developed, implemented, and paired to bring a well rounded and effective curriculum to the athletes it serves. Stay tuned for more detailed information about the coaches programming, and partnership (yep, b:core and MAD will be teaming up to make sure these athletes are getting the benefit of the well rounded training regimen and lifestyle we promote through our barre, core, and interval programming. Questions? email belite[at]bcoremethods.com for more information or to sign up.
This summer is already off to a full and amazing start, and it's just the beginning of May — not too shabby. Between our MAD locations in Charlottesville and Charleston, b:core coming also to Charlottesville, and a few other things up our sleeves, there's never a dull moment, but there are a lot of exciting moments filled with amazing friends, exciting new partnerships, and of course…..fitness + food.
Hello (again) World; I'm back and it's time to embrace all the positive that comes with change, and walk eyes wide open into the next chapter. Things will never be the same, but sometimes can mean a lot of beautiful things.


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- Custom ceramic treat jar big enough to hold your pets favorite snacks.
- Treat Jar comes with an air-tight ceramic lid to ensure long-time freshness.
- 10" tall with lid, 7.5" without the lid
- 8" diameter
- Hand wash only
Additional Info
- White
Shipping info
Return Policy: We will gladly accept returns for any reason within 30 days of receipt of delivery.
Availability: Ships anywhere in the United States
Processing Time: Allow 4-5 weeks processing time for your order to ship.
Watch What Happens Live
Watch What Happens Live with Andy Cohen is Bravo's live, late-night, interactive talk show that features guests from the world of entertainment, politics, and pop culture. Hosted by Andy Cohen, the series includes lively debates on everything from fashion, the latest on everyone's favorite Bravolebrities, and what stories and celebrities are making headlines that week.
More gifts from Watch What Happens Live
Visit Bravotv.com for more information about Watch What Happens Live


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Unwind in shared tranquillity and experience Japanese massage in Melbourne with a loved one. Tailor your spa treatment for a friend, or treat your lover to a journey of relaxation and discovery. Our trained therapists will indulge you with a tantalising massage package that offers the very definition of nirvana.
From head to toe, we offer a luxurious treatment for two, starting with a perfect potion facial. This leads to a comprehensive 60 minutes of full body, deep tissue massage. While you and your companion feel stress and anxiety melt away we will reactivate your circulation and revitalise your spirit. Forget time and space as we work in a jelly crystal foot spa complete with a nurturing foot scrub and topped by our signature cream massage.


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Steve Jobs - Into the Mystic
Steve Jobs – Into The Mystic
I learned yesterday that innovator Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple, has resigned from his position as Apple's CEO. In an article written by Mikaela Conley and Kristina Fiore, Steve Jobs's resignation letter to Apple's board of directors is quoted: "I have always said that if there ever came a day when I could no longer meet my duties and expectations as Apple's CEO, I would let you know. Unfortunately, that day has come."
I read that article on my iPad.
The first computer I ever bought was an Apple in the early 90's. I do not recall the model, but my Mac desktop computer was one of the first to have a color monitor (it was swank). It also had a microphone that could record around 30 second sound bites. I remember I recorded "Into The Mystic" by Van Morrison with it so that when my computer booted up, it would play the first 30 or so seconds of the song. (You have to keep in mind that there was no iTunes then, so that was epic.). Whenever someone in my dorm would use my computer (which was just about every day) I would make her record something using the microphone. The one I recall distinctively is my friend Liz's. She was pretending to be a policeman on CB radio as she said: "Breaker one nine I just spotted a four-nine-two-four-two (Hillsdale's zip code and nickname for someone we knew) headed down route twelve (road that leads to Hillsdale) trying to do a sixty-nine (I'm not explaining this) *kkkuuuurrrrtt* (sound effect) over." (College—we were such idiots.) I wrote my papers on that Mac. It helped me earn a degree.
I have had several generations of iPods. They helped me get in shape and I listened to one for motivation while I ran my first road race.
I wrote my first novel on my MacBook in 2008. Since then, I have written four more with several other novels in various stages of completion. Now I have a MacBook Pro and I have used it to publish my first novel, start my own company, and design this website and blog.
I don't know what the future holds for you, Mr. Jobs, but I hope it's something like the lyrics of that Van Morrison song I once loved:
"We were born before the wind
Also younger than the sun
Ere our bonny boat was won as we sailed into the mystic
Hark, now hear the sailors cry
Smell the sea and feel the sky
Let your soul and spirit fly into the mystic"
I have two more words for you, Mr. Jobs: Thank you.
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Answers to frequently asked questions about IdoSell Shop integration with Skrill payments.
Secret word means a word which makes a report concerning payment gateway status available. It is available in the Skrill panel in "Merchant tools". To make this section visible, the account has to have a business status.
Paypal integration enables receiving payments in the following currencies: EUR, TWD, USD, THB, GBP, CZK, HKD, HUF, SGD, SKK, JPY, EEK, CAD, BGN, AUD, PLN, CHF, ISK, DKK, INR, SEK, LVL, NOK, KRW, ILS, ZAR, MYR, RON, NZD, HRK, TRY and LTL.


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Sir Bruce Forsyth criticised Simon Cowell last month for allowing young children to take part in Britain's Got Talent, claiming that it was an "ordeal" that left many of them crying.
Amanda Holden, who is one of the judges on the television talent contest, says her daughters, Alexa, seven, and Hollie are unlikely to appear on such a show.
"Lexi sings and Hollie, even though she's only 17 months, she copies, so I think she could be an impressionist," Holden tells Mandrake. "I won't be pushing them into the industry, though. Maybe behind the scenes, though they probably wouldn't want to be Simon's PA."
The final of the programme, which is the most watched show on television, will be broadcast by ITV on Saturday night.
Peerless Widders
Ann Widdecombe says she will not be allowed to become a peer until there is a new leader of the Conservative Party.
"It's clear that, for some reason, David Cameron does not want me in the House of Lords, so perhaps I need to wait until the next prime minister," she tells me at the launch of her memoirs, Strictly Ann, at the Carlton Club.
The former minister, who appeared on Strictly Come Dancing, said in 2011: "I suspect it's because I'm too traditional and I was against a modernisation programme. He just doesn't want me around."
Death of an artist
Mandrake is sorry to report that Penelope James has died. The Belgravia-based artist had suffered the untimely death of her daughter, Zara Anderson, in 2005, at the age of 44.
Zara, whose husband, Patrick Anderson, was heir to a £50 million fortune, had hit the headlines seven years earlier when she developed a fixation for Zac Goldsmith, the Tory MP, after he took pity on her.
She ran into San Lorenzo, the Knightsbridge restaurant, where he was dining, claiming that she had been mugged and needed help. He bought her dinner and put her up in the four-star Cadogan hotel for one night. She stayed for three and, using his credit card details, went on a spending spree.
She then bombarded Goldsmith and his family with calls for further help, causing such disruption that it cost him his relationship with his then girlfriend Caroline Hickman.