text:
Maio 2014 vol. 1 num. 1 - 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics
Full Article - Open Access.
Pinho, S. T.; Pimenta, S.;
Full Article:
This paper presents an analytical model for size effects on the longitudinal tensile strength of composite fibre bundles. The strength of individual fibres is modelled by a Weibull distribution, while the matrix (or fibre–matrix interface) is represented through a perfectly– plastic shear–lag model. A probabilistic analysis of the failure process in hierarchical bundles (bundles of bundles) is performed, so that a scaling law relating the strength distributions of consecutive bundle levels is derived. An efficient numerical scheme (based on asymptotic limits) is proposed, hence coupon–sized bundle strength distributions are obtained almost instantaneously. Parametric and sensitivity studies show that both fibre and matrix properties are critical for bundle strength; model predictions at different scales are validated against experimental results available in the literature.
Full Article:
Palavras-chave: Size effect, Tensile strength, Hierarchical bundles, Fibre–reinforced composites,
DOI: 10.5151/meceng-wccm2012-19865
Referências bibliográficas
- [1] M. R. Wisnom, "Size effects in the testing of fibre–composite materials," Composites Science and Technology, 59, 1937–1957, 1999.
- [2] G. W. Weibull, "A statistical distribution function of wide applicability," Journal of Applied Mathematics, 293–297, 1951.
- [3] Z. P. Ba?zant, "Size effect on structural strength: a review," Archive of Applied Mechanics, 69, 703–725, 1999.
- [4] A. Carpinteri, "Scaling laws and renormalization–groups for strength and toughness of disordered materials," International Journal of Solids and Structures, 31, 291–302, 199
- [5] M. R. Wisnom, S. R. Hallett, and C. Soutis, "Scaling effects in notched composites," Journal of Composite Materials, 44, 195–210, 2010.
- [6] L. Mishnaevsky and P. Brondsted, "Micromechanical modeling of damage and fracture of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites: A review," Computational Materials Science, 44, 1351–1359, 2009.
- [7] S. Pradhan, A. Hansen, and B. K. Chakrabarti, "Failure processes in elastic fiber bundles," Reviews of Modern Physics, 82, 499–555, 2010.
- [8] C. P. Beetz, "The analysis of carbon–fiber strength distributions exhibiting multiple– modes of failure," Fibre Science and Technology, 16, 45–59, 1982.
- [9] I. J. Beyerlein and S. L. Phoenix, "Statistics for the strength and size effects of microcomposites with four carbon fibers in epoxy resin," Composites Science and Technology, 56, 75–92, 1996.
- [10] E. G. Stoner, D. D. Edie, and S. D. Durham, "An end–effect model for the single– filament tensile test," Journal of Materials Science, 29, 6561–6574, 1994.
- [11] M. Kazanci, "Carbon fiber reinforced microcomposites in two different epoxies," Polymer Testing, 23, 747–753, 2004.
- [12] T. Okabe and N. Takeda, "Size effect on tensile strength of unidirectional CFRP composites— experiment and simulation," Composites Science and Technology, 62, 2053– 2064, 2002.
- [13] A. E. Scott, M. Mavrogordato, P. Wright, I. Sinclair, and S. M. Spearing, "In situ fibre fracture measurement in carbon–epoxy laminates using high resolution computed tomography," Composites Science and Technology, 71, 1471–1477, 2011.
- [14] L. T. Harper, T. A. Turner, N. A. Warrior, and C. D. Rudd, "Characterisation of random carbon fibre composites from a directed fibre preforming process: The effect of tow filamentisation," Composites Part A — Applied Science and Manufacturing, 38, 755– 770, 2007.
- [15] S. Pimenta, S. T. Pinho, P. Robinson, K. H.Wong, and S. J. Pickering, "Mechanical analysis and toughening mechanisms of a multiphase recycled CFRP," Composites Science and Technology, 70, 1713–1725, 2010.
- [16] H. E. Daniels, "The statistical theory of the strength of bundles of threads. I," Proceeedings of the Royal Society A — Mathematical, Physical and Andamp; Engineering Science, 183, 405–435, 1945.
- [17] M. J. Laffan, S. T. Pinho, P. Robinson, and L. Iannucci, "Measurement of the in situ ply fracture toughness associated with mode I fibre tensile failure in FRP. Part II: Size and lay-up effects," Composites Science and Technology, 70, 614–621, 2010.
- [18] W. I. Newman and A. M. Gabrielov, "Failure of hierarchical distributions of fiber– bundles. 1," International Journal of Fracture, 50, 1–14, 1991.
- [19] T. Hobbiebrunken, B. Fiedler, M. Hojo, and M. Tanaka, "Experimental determination of the true epoxy resin strength using micro-scaled specimens," Composites Part A — Applied Science and Manufacturing, 38, 814–818, 2007.
- [20] A. B. de Morais, "Stress distribution along broken fibres in polymer–matrix composites," Composites Science and Technology, 61, 1571–1580, 2001.
- [21] M. R. Nedele and M. R. Wisnom, "3-dimensional finite–element analysis of the stress– concentration at a single–fiber break," Composites Science and Technology, 51, 517– 524, 1994.
- [22] I. J. Beyerlein and S. L. Phoenix, "Stress concentrations around multiple fiber breaks in an elastic matrix with local yielding or debonding using quadratic influence superposition," Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 44, 1997–2039, 1996.
- [23] S. Pimenta and S. T. Pinho, "Hierarchical scaling law for the strength of composite fibre bundles," submitted to the Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2012.
- [24] Dow Plastics, "Dow liquid epoxy resins," Form No. 296-00224-0199 WC+M., http: //epoxy.dow.com/epoxy/tech/index.htm, last accessed on 29 January 2011, 1999.
Como citar:
Pinho, S. T.; Pimenta, S.; "SIZE EFFECTS ON THE STRENGTH AND TOUGHNESS OF FIBRE–REINFORCED COMPOSITES", p. 4394-4413 . In: In Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics [= Blucher Mechanical Engineering Proceedings, v. 1, n. 1].
São Paulo: Blucher,
ISSN 2358-0828, DOI 10.5151/meceng-wccm2012-19865
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Indiana University Bloomington
Indiana University Bloomington
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The year 1492 has long divided the study of Sephardic culture into two distinct periods, before and after the expulsion of Jews from Spain. David A. Wacks examines the works of Sephardic writers from the 13th to the 16th centuries and shows that this literature was shaped by two interwoven experiences of diaspora: first from the Biblical homeland Zion and later from the ancestral hostland, Sefarad. Jewish in Spain and Spanish abroad, these writers negotiated Jewish, Spanish, and diasporic idioms to produce a uniquely Sephardic perspective. Wacks brings Diaspora Studies into dialogue with medieval and early modern Sephardic literature for the first time.
David A. Wacks is Associate Professor of Spanish at the University of Oregon. He is author of Framing Iberia: Maqamat and Frametale Narratives in Medieval Spain and editor (with Michelle Hamilton and Sarah Portnoy) of Wine, Women, and Song: Hebrew and Arabic Literature in Medieval Iberia.
"David Wacks's elegant monograph bridges the divide between Hebraists and Hispanists, medievalists and early modernists, with conceptual sophistication and substantive insights. It makes, indeed, a compelling case for the analytic viability of "double diaspora" in the literary history of Sephardic Jews and the inscription of Hispano-Jewish literature in the Weltliteratur canon. An important contribution and a superb read."
— Luis M. Girón Negrón, Harvard University
"David Wacks's study is groundbreaking for its pioneering scope and poignant analysis. Through the critical lens of a 'double diaspora' Wacks sheds new light on the themes of expulsion and redemption in works by some of the most important medieval Spanish Jewish authors in the post-Zion Iberian exile such as Moses Maimonides and Judah Halevi. Wacks also leads the field of Sephardic Studies in a new direction by casting his critical eye on texts by lesser known Jewish writers, including the kabbalist Joseph Karo, living in a second exile from post-1492 Spain."
— Gregory B. Kaplan, University of Tennessee
"Double Diaspora will enrich the multiple fields it participates in--medieval and romance studies, Sephardic history, Hebrew literature, and many more. "
— AJS Review
"Wacks makes a crucial first foray toward a more nuanced critical understanding of the literary world of Spanish Jewry. His attempts to renegotiate the boundaries of the canon and extend Iberian literature to include non-Castilian and even non-Iberian texts raise profound questions about how Spanish literature should be studied and taught."
— Hispania
"Wacks's book uncovers the experience and enriches the academic field of Hebrew and Romance literary studies by opening up a whole new set of questions and by suggesting new approaches to the study of Jewish cultural heritage, which, as Wacks makes clear, should always take into account the surrounding non-Jewish intellectual context."
— La coronica
AcknowledgmentsIntroduction 1. Diaspora Studies for Sephardic Culture 2. Allegory and Romance in Diaspora: Jacob ben Elazar's Book of Tales 3. Poetry in Diaspora: From al-Andalus to Provence and back to Castile 4. The Anxiety of Vernacularization: Shem Tov ben Isaac ibn Ardutiel de Carrión's Proverbios morales and Debate between the Pen and the Scissors 5. Diaspora as Tragicomedy: Vidal Benvenist's Efer and Dina 6. Empire and Diaspora: Solomon ibn Verga's Shevet Yehudah and Joseph Karo's Magid Meisharim7. Reading Amadís in Constantinople: Spanish Fiction in the Key of DiasporaConclusion NotesWorks Cited Index
Fulfilling the Promise
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NQT's needed, North Birmingham
Start date: Spring Term
Contract type: Full Time / Part Time
Contract term: Supply
Suitable for NQTs: Yes
ABC teachers are looking to recruit NQT's across the North Birmingham area. If you are a newly qualified teacher looking for long term of short term work then please get in touch.
ABC Teachers are looking for flexible and hardworking teachers to join the agency and work in a variety of schools with different challenges. We have both part time and full time positions.
Salary is dependent on experience, training or qualifications. The minimum experience, training or qualifications required for this position are Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) and recent school-based experience (within the last 5 years, teaching within a school teaching the British Curriculum). The experience, training or qualifications required in order to receive the maximum salary for this role are dependant on the school you are applying to, and your current pay scale.
We are committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children and expect all staff to share this commitment. All staff will be required to attend a face to face interview and go through our clearance process which includes background checks such as prohibition from teaching.
Benefits of working with ABC Teachers:
• Excellent daily rates paid weekly by our in-house payroll team using the Pay As You Earn (PAYE) system.
• Guaranteed pay scheme (subject to availability and qualifying criteria).
• Pension contributions (subject to a qualifying period).
• Full compliance with AWR (Agency Workers' Regulations), to make sure you get the pay and working conditions you are entitled to.
• FREE training to help with your professional development such as Team Teach and an online safeguarding training package worth £350.
• Access to roles that you will not see advertised elsewhere
• Work collaboratively with your dedicated education consultant who has an in-depth knowledge of the schools in the area
• Be affiliated with the biggest name in education, TES (Times Educational Supplement)
How to apply:
Apply today via this website, or for more information about this role and other opportunities across ABC Teachers, please contact Emily Sharman on 0121 274 0345 or email firstname.lastname@example.com
We have similar positions to offer on a daily basis. Keep up to date with us on our Website, Twitter and Facebook pages for details of all our current jobs and upcoming registration days!
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ABC Teachers are a REC Gold Standard Awarded Education Agency, part of TES. Candidates pay rates are competitive and in line with the AWR policy which means that after a qualifying period, supply teachers can be paid to the comparable scale offered by the school.
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text:
Archive for the 'Dr Who' Category
What's Up Doc?
It's a real time of transition for Julie and I. We moved to the UK twenty-one years ago and in all of that time, we've always rented. Right now we're in the process of buying a flat. It's a new-build so it's small. That means we have to say goodbye to a lot of cool […]
Filed under: 1960s, 1970s, AFTRS, blog, Broadcast, Broadcasting, Comedy, Commercial Radio, Commercial Television, Dr Who, Radio, Uncategorized, World, Youtube | Leave a Comment
Tags: BBC, Blackpool, Blog, Bournemouth, Brimingham, Computer, Darlek, Dr Who, eBay, feedback, Google, Graham Mack, Hitchin, Inspiration, Internet, journalism, Mars, Media, Movies, Music, News, Pinball Heaven, Radio, Space, Swindon, Teeside, television, Travel, TV
Mack Nuggets
Here's what I've been up to on BOBfm lately including: The Doctor in 'Doctor Who' should not be a woman. Mark The Shark. A fancy dress story. Scam-a-lam-a-ding-dong. The relative that came back from the dead. Miniaturisation in the 21st century. Mandy checks in but has she already checked out? The Great Tandoori Transplant. Craic […]
Filed under: AFTRS, Dr Who, Google, Graham Mack, Inside look, Inspiration, Media, podcast, Politics, public transport, Radio, true story, Uncategorized, Youtube | Closed
Tags: Blog, BOBfm, Dr Who, Google, Graham Mack, Inspiration, Radio, Transpant
London Calling, Peter Frampton.
In the latest episode of my show for America, Peter Frampton talks about how his life changed after Frampton Comes Alive, working with David Bowie, saving a bird and what he's up to these days. In "What's Happening in Britain?"; Dr Who fans furious over the choice of the new Doctor; Should you tip at a petrol station? […]
Filed under: 1970s, AFTRS, America, blog, Blues, Broadcasting, Commercial Radio, Commercial Television, Commercials, Dr Who, Funny stories, Gigs, Google, Inspiration, Live Music, Media, Politcs, Radio, Television, true story, Uncategorized, Youtube | Closed
Tags: Blog, Books, Brexit, Britain, Dr Who, EV, feedback, gnomes, Google, Inspiration, Internet, medical, Music, News, Peter Frampton, Politics, Radio, USA
What's Up Doc?
They shouldn't have chosen a woman to play The Doctor in 'Doctor Who'! Some fans of the show are furious now that Jodie Whittaker has been confirmed as the show's first female Doctor. Here's a few things that have appeared on Twitter; "#DoctorWho has been ripped out of his essence to make a bunch of […]
Filed under: 1960s, 1970s, AFTRS, BBC, blog, Broadcasting, Comedy, Commercial Radio, Commercial Television, Dr Who, Google, Graham Mack, Inside look, Inspiration, Radio, science, screen, Television, true story, Uncategorized, Youtube | Closed
Tags: BOBfm, Dr Who, Graham Mack, Jodie Whittaker, The Doctor, Twitter
How an air-conditioning mechanic in Sydney Australia became an award winning broadcaster in Britain Part 44.
As soon as I closed the mike, the studio hotline started to flash. The hotline has a secret phone number that is only known to a select group of people at the radio station. When it rings, it's usually the boss telling you you've messed up. In 1994, I was presenting the Breakfast Show on […]
Filed under: AFTRS, Australia, Broadcasting, Dr Who, Graham Mack, Inspiration, Media, Radio, Television, Travel, Uncategorized | Leave a Comment
Tags: 5SE, Foodland, Graham Mack, Hotline, Jokes, Mount Gambier, South Australia
How an air-conditioning mechanic in Sydney Australia became an award winning broadcaster in Britain Part 22.
Australians are hard working, no-nonsense, practical people. They might not follow all of the rules but they get the job done. They also love to have fun. For two weeks in June 1993, as part of the broadcasting course I was on at the Australian Film Television and Radio School, I was working at the radio […]
Filed under: AFTRS, Australia, Broadcasting, Dr Who, Engineering, Graham Mack, Inspiration, Kalgoorlie, Matt Smith, Media, Music, Radio, Sydney, Travel, Uncategorized | Leave a Comment
Tags: 1931, 6KG, AFTRS, Australia, Broadcasting, Electric Shock, Graham Mack, Kalgoorlie, Radio West, Transmitter
Who's Who?
Matt Smith is quitting Doctor Who after four years. Has it been four years? It feels like he's only just started. He must have some kind of time machine! I've felt like a time traveler myself many times. I left the UK in 1983 and lived in Australia and New Zealand until 1997. When you're […]
Filed under: Broadcasting, Comedy, Dr Who, Graham Mack, Matt Smith, Media, News, Politics, Radio, Uncategorized | Leave a Comment
Tags: Dr Who, Graham Mack, Matt Smith, Radio, Talk


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Location and Hours
The Reserve/Audio-Visuals area of the John Vaughan Library is located at the north end of the building, near the parking lot entrance. A sign is posted above the desk to designate the area. The reserve desk is open during regular library hours. All items need to be return 15 minutes before closing to assure proper check-in.
Loan Period and Overdue Fines
Access to reserve materials is more restricted than other library collections. Since ready and equal access to these material is critical, stiff fines are assessed for materials kept beyond the loan period. Loan periods can vary from 1 hour to 7 days. Reserve items have sensitive loan periods and overdue fines will immediately be charged to the patron's account. Fines for hourly reserves accrue at the rate of $.25 per hour, up to a maximum of $30.00. Reserve items may be renewed provided there is not a hold for another patron. Items are not to leave the library unless specified.
Scanning and Copying
Two scanners are available on the first floor of the library. The option is given to make a copy or to scan a document to the Student L drive. Scanners are provided to students at no charge; the number of pages used at the scanner will be subtracted from the student library print limit that the library provides each semester.
A copy machine is also available next to the scanners. The copy machine charges $.10 per copy and makes both regular letter size or legal size copies.
Page maintained by: Natasha Alterici.
Last update: July 29, 2010


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Much is made of the difficulty people with Aspergers experience in trying to read the facial expressions of neurotypicals. But the other side of that coin is that Aspies themselves may wear the 'wrong' facial expression, at least, as neurotypicals understand facial expressions. Aspie's faces may be interpreted by neurotypicals to convey something other than the Aspie's true emotions. This can be very confusing and upsetting for a NT who loves an Aspie.
My friend Rhedyn is married to an Aspie, Dan (not their real names). They met and married long before Dan was diagnosed with Aspergers. Their marriage has been one of 'feeling their way' blindly through a labyrinth of misunderstandings. Their love is profound, their chemistry undeniable. But the verbal and non-verbal communication, they tell me, is tricky.
Last week over a cup of tea, Rhedyn confided to me that she and Dan had got into it recently. 'I accused him of being condescending again', she said, shaking her head, 'but he denied it six ways from Sunday'.
'I'm not an idiot, Ivy!' she exclaimed angrily. 'I can read people like a book. They say up to 90% of communication is non-verbal and I'm an expert on non-verbal communication. You can take it foregranted that neurotypicals can lie to you with their mouth, but their face and body will tell you the truth. Isn't that the whole crux of polygraph tests? So does Dan really think I'm so stupid that I can't tell exactly what he's really thinking by his huffing and eye-rolling?! The gall of the man!' she fumed.
A week past before Rhedyn and I met again. 'So, how's it going?' I asked, knowing she often needs to vent to a fellow NT.
'You'll never believe this, Ivy', she responded. 'Dan finally convinced me that his face must be making the wrong expressions, at least, wrong to me. In fact, he told me he's not even aware that he makes facial expressions at all. He almost insisted he doesn't make facial expressions at all. I've learnt so much about Aspies this week!'
It seems that a neurotypical can throw everything they know about human communication out the window when it comes to conversing with an Aspie. They may emote, gesture and make facial expressions in a way that may (or may not) appear perfectly normal to a NT. But just as an Aspie struggles to correctly interpret an NT's facial expressions, so they may also make facial expressions that NT's would never interpret as the Aspie intends them.
For example, the heavy sigh and eye-roll a NT will do to show condescension, on an Aspie's face is not condescension, but rather frustration with themselves. Frustration with their inability to put their point across to us; not frustration by our inability to understand them. The heavy sigh and eye-roll may feel very hurtful and insulting to an NT interpreting the Aspie's facial expression by NT rules, but that's not their intention.
For a neurotypical to be in a romantic relationship with an Aspie, as Rhedyn tells it, is to exist in a constant state of hurt. 'He never reacts the way I expect, the way I want him to', she complains. It's not anyone's fault. It's just the way of things when an Aspie loves an NT and an NT loves an Aspie. It's almost as though they were raised in vastly different cultures and learned two wildly different ways to communicate, especially non-verbally.
A classic example is when Rhedyn has something interesting or exciting to tell Dan. He doesn't make eye contact with her, a typical Aspie trait. His face registers no emotion, no interest. He looks away and offers little comment at the end. 'Yep' is the best she can hope for. 'It hurts' she says, 'it always hurts. Dan says he is interested in what I have to say, but nothing about his facial expressions or words confirm this'. As a rather sensitive, co-dependant woman, Rhedyn finds it difficult to cope when her need for validation is, almost always, left unmet. She says it's made her a stronger, more independent woman, but underneath it all is a constant state of being unsatisfied, unvalidated, and yes, inadvertently wounded.
'Would you like it if Dan emoted like a NT and made the facial expressions you expect?' I asked her.
She took a moment to consider. 'Yes' she said, 'and no. Wouldn't that make him an actor then? Wouldn't it be inauthentic to him as an Aspie? No, at the end of the day, I want Dan to be Dan. He's the man I married and the man I love. If I wanted to marry an actor, I would've chased Sean Connery'.


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First thing first, you should know Quito is a huge city! unfortunately its largely inaccessible also due to public transport. However as a backpacker you would probably be only concerned with staying the north side of the capital. However, the historical side of Quito lies in the south side.
Quito left me with unsure feelings. While there is not a lot to do in the city, apart from sight see the countless churches, it is positioned in the perfect place for excursions and day trips. Such as the Cotopaxi volcano.
I highly recommend staying in the Secret Garden Hostel. It provides excellent views of the city when your legs tire from climbing Quito's hills.
Here is a list of the typical average costs in Quito. (NB. Ecuador uses the American Dollar)
- Hostel Dorm: $10 USD
- Food: Market – $4 USD / Restaurant – $15 USD
- transportation: Bus one-way $0.25 USD
- Pint of Beer: $2 USD
Ultimate Tourist Review: ★★★☆☆ Recommended Days: 2/3
Plaza de San Francisco – Parque Metropolitano – Old Town – View the Spanish colonial buildings
Go to Plaza Foch or La Mariscal for lively bars
>> Ecuador's Top 5 Gems
>> My South American Journey
>> Ten Tips for South America


text:
The description below is taken from the Airfix catalogue this kit was first seen in. There may also be extra information underneath the main description.
The Mk XII was the first production version of the Spitfire to use the Rolls-Royce Griffon engine. The Griffon was a development of the 'R' sprint engine used in the Supermarine Schneider Trophy racing seaplanes of the late 1920s and early 1930s. The low level performance of the Mk XII was very useful when dealing with low level hit and run raids mounted by the Fw 190, and later helped against the V-1, though the mark did not enter mass production.
Copyright © 2020 Vintage Airfix


text:
A former American pastor accused of a hate crime.
A driven Department of Justice official and a hostile international court.
At stake: the future of religious freedom in America – and around the world.
Alone in a foreign prison and abused by sadistic guards, Dr. Pat Preston struggles to keep his faith alive, waffling between courageous determination and utter despair. His only hope for freedom lies in the hands of the Alliance, an American Christian legal defense team, and their close ally Countess Isabella San Philippa, an expert in the world's international courts.
Trial & Error, the second work of fiction by Alliance Defense Fund President and CEO Alan Sears, is a sequel to his first novel, In Justice. In frighteningly believable detail, this new book explores the ominous realities now shaping America's courts, and how decisions being made right now are laying the foundation for a future in which Christians are aggressively persecuted by a legal system intent on enforcing a merciless secular agenda.
In this excerpt from the book (a copy of which is available to you at no cost – visit www.TruthandTriumph.org or see details on the tear-off response of the enclosed letter), a pastor of the near-future grapples with the reality that he's been arrested simply for preaching the truth of Scripture.
The Hague, Netherlands –
May 30, 2018
Noise pressed into the small space and Pat Preston did his best not to listen. In the early weeks he often resorted to pressing his index fingers into his ears so deeply they hurt. The pain was more tolerable than the relentless buzzing. He would hum hoping to drown the incessant sound burrowing into his brain.
"The screams dissolved with acid-like efficiency whatever remained of a man's dignity."
"The screams dissolved with acid-like efficiency whatever remained of a man's dignity."
The screams were the worst. The sudden outbursts of manic laughter were unsettling; the moans heartrending, the weeping soul-shredding, but the screams – they came in the middle of the night, or shortly before dawn. Piercing and powerful, the screams fought through every barricade of courage, pressed through barriers of resolve, dissolved with acid-like efficiency whatever remained of a man's dignity. Like a hill saturated with rain, pride and determination lost its tenacious hold on reality and slid away, leaving men little more than bags of mindless flesh capable of only fear and despair.
He wasn't dreaming. He was a man alone in a small gray cell. No windows. One bed: a raised bier of concrete with a worn four-inch mattress resting on the flat surface, covered in worn, coarse military style blankets. Just two. No pillow. He wondered about the men who had the mattress before him.
Overhead a single low-voltage light protected by a steel and glass enclosure cast dim illumination through the cell. The light never went off. It glowed twenty-four hours a day. Pat had not experienced darkness since they brought him to this place.
This was Hell.
His crime? Preaching. He, like tens of thousands of ministers before him, preached a simple Gospel that portrayed Jesus as the only means of salvation – a message broadcast over television, radio, and the Internet. That sermon and others like it had landed him here.
Nashville: so far away, home to his family, his kids, his wife. So many miles distant in time and space. The image of Becky rose to his mind. He could see her playing with Luke and Phoebe. He pictured them at the ages they were during his early days as pastor of the 10,000-member church: a year old for Phoebe; two years old for Luke. They were older now. He had watched with pride as Luke started school and Phoebe adjusted to preschool.
He felt it coming: the onslaught of self-pity. It came often and, no matter how many times he told himself he wouldn't play the game again, he did. First he blamed his old college friend, John Knox Smith, Assistant U.S. Attorney General and head of DTED – Diversity and Tolerance Enforcement Division, Department of Justice. Friends became adversaries in a process Pat had yet to understand. He did understand he was in a drab cell and Knox was sitting comfortably in his home.
The sense of despair washed over him like a tidal flood but he fought against it. Pat was determined to remain strong. He refused to let others see a Christian despair. He would follow the course before him, even if the path was no longer than the width of his cell.
All he had to do was survive. Survive with his sanity intact.
Trial & Error By Alan Sears
(Xulon Press, 369 pages)
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journalWhy We're Not All About The Hush-Hush at Heyday
Oat Cleansing Facial Polish
This fellow is arguably one of the most multi-functional superstars on our shelves. As an exfoliant, it's an extremely gentle physical scrub. For the right person, it's gentle enough as a daily cleanser with slightly exfoliating properties and won't leave you stripped of oil. And as a mask, it's a calming and hydrating treat. This one's front and center in our tool kit when working with the most sensitized or cranky skin, and great for skincare beginners and advanced folks alike.
We recommend this for
If you have true sensitive skin and are looking for a safe exfoliant. If you're looking to spend on a single product that has multiple uses.
How we use it
When using as a cleanser or exfoliant, apply a dime sized amount to damped skin and massage gently in circular motions and rinse off. When using as a mask, apply in a thin layer and leave on 20 minutes before rinsing clean.
What to expect
A creamy consistency, the gentlest of scrub textures, and a lovely oat scent. Expect smooth skin maintaining it's natural oil balance.
My favorite product, definitely. I love it because it's so versatile and it keeps my skin feeling soft and hydrated while it cleanses and exfoliates. Definitely recommend it for anyone! Great intro to exfoliating.
Back of the Bottle
Oat Beta Glucan
Oat Beta Glucan is a superstar ingredient shown to help reduce redness and inflammation, improve the skin's moisture levels, particularly for dry skin types, help with wound healing, and stimulate collagen production.
Jojoba Beads
Jojoba Seed Oil, cold-pressed from a shrub native to Mexico and regions of the U.S., including California and Arizona, closely resembles the natural sebum within the skin. It is a highly emollient and penetrating oil that provides non-occlusive, non-greasy oil control. 🙅♀
Lavender Oil
Lavender Essential Oil, traditionally used in calming formulations, helps to balance and support healthy skin and helps to soothe minor skin irritations.
Full Ingredient List
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Glucoside, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Wax Beads, Avena Sativa (Oat) Flour, Lactobacillus Ferment, Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil, Glycerin, Arachidyl Alcohol, Behenyl Alcohol, Arachidyl Glucoside, Water/Aqua/Eau, Avena Sativa (Oat) Extract, Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil, Chitin, Beta Glucan, Glyceryl Caprylate, Sclerotium Gum, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, P-Anisic Acid, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Oil, Rosa Damascena (Rose) Flower Oil, Nardostachys Chinensis (Spikenard) Root Oil, Cananga Odorata (Ylang Ylang) Flower Oil, Xanthan Gum, Phenethyl Alcohol


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30 Day Return and 60 Day Exchange Policy:
iSnorkel.com is committed to your satisfaction. We want to make it easy to return or exchange your items so you can feel confident shopping with us.
How long do I have to return items for a refund?
We accept returns of new products in perfect condition within 30 days of purchase. Refunds are issued to your original method of payment.
What about exchanges?
Did you miss the return window? We accept new products in perfect condition for exchange within 60 days of purchase. Credit for the returned product(s) will be applied to the price of the replacement product(s). The replacement product will ship to you via the lowest cost shipping method available to your location (economy shipping is free for USA customers on exchanges), unless you request and pay for an expedited method.
How do I send items back?
Ship returns and exchanges to:
iSnorkel.com Returns / Exchanges
1136 Baker Road
Dexter, MI 48130
Enclose a note with your order number telling us what you want (return or exchange). You can also simply enclose your original Packing List. Complete instructions are on the back of your Packing List.
What are the conditions on returns and exchanges?
Any returned products must be NEW, in perfect condition, unwashed and unworn, and returned with their original tags and packaging. When you try on products at home, please do so without makeup, sunscreen, body powder, lotion, fragrances, or deodorant residue on your body and face as these can transfer to the product and cause stains that will reduce your refund. Try on wetsuits, boardshorts, swimsuits, etc. while wearing your own swimsuit or undergarments.
We reserve the right to refuse return or exchange requests of dirty, smelly, stained, damaged, incomplete, used, or altered products. Once a mouthpiece or snorkel has been in your mouth, it will not be accepted for return or exchange. We are not new to this and we really want to issue a 100% refund or exchange to everyone who treats us like the professionals we are. So, please, make sure you intend to keep it before you let your cat / dog / iguana / family member shed on it, sleep on it, chew it, remove makeup with it, wad it up into a ball, smoke near it, or otherwise treat it like a disposable item! Any product that smells like smoke is neither new nor resellable and won't be accepted.
Who pays for return shipping?
You as the customer pay for return shipping and choose the method to use. For lightweight items, "First Class Package" or "Priority Mail" from the US Postal Service will probably be your lowest cost option. We suggest you ship by a trackable method with insurance, as we must actually receive it here in order to issue a refund or exchange credit.
What if I've already used my item and it doesn't fit? Can I exchange it?
We accept "wet-tested" neoprene wetsuits and Lycra shirts for exchanges (not refunds), within 60 days of purchase. This is an option if you change your mind or find it doesn't fit properly after it has been lightly used in the water (for example, you wore it in the pool once or snorkeled one day in it). Products must be returned to us rinsed in fresh water, dry, and packaged similar to how you received it so that it arrives here in good condition. We will evaluate the returned product and issue an exchange credit for up to 25% - 50% of the purchase price. This exchange credit can then be used towards the purchase of another product from iSnorkel. No refunds will be issued for any used or "wet-tested" products. No exchange credit will be issued for any products that show signs of more than light use. Only neoprene wetsuits and Lycra shirts are eligible for this exchange program.
What about missing or defective items?
If there is a problem with the items in your shipment (whether you believe it is defective or damaged in shipping, if it looks like we made a mistake in the shipment, or there are items missing), please call us at 734-253-2461 as soon as possible. You must contact us regarding damaged, defective, or incomplete shipments no later than 3 business days after delivery. DO NOT THROW AWAY ANY PACKAGING or broken pieces as these may be required for us to process a claim with the shipping company or manufacturer.
Whether it was our mistake, or a problem caused by our vendor or the shipping company, we will fix the problem at no additional cost to you, and file any appropriate damage or warranty claims on your behalf with the delivery company or manufacturer. The manufacturer may opt to replace or repair your product, depending on the situation.
Contact Information:
Call or email us with any questions regarding your order. Ship returns and exchanges to:
iSnorkel.com Returns / Exchanges
1136 Baker Road
Dexter, MI 48130


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There are schools offering social work degrees in Arkansas!
Schools Offering Social Work Programs in Arkansas
Nearby States
Each year, approximately 0.4% of Arkansas graduates receive degrees in social work. Thus, Arkansas' 12 social work schools put out approximately 330 social workers each year.
Top Schools
Harding University, which is located in Searcy, is the top-ranked school in Arkansas that has a social work program. It received a ranking of 33rd in the country in 2010. In 2010, Harding University graduated 16 students from its social work program. Tuition at Harding University was $14,040 per year.
Arkansas State University-Main Campus, which was ranked 42nd nationwide in 2010, is the second-ranked school in Arkansas that has a social work program. It is located in Jonesboro. 47 students graduated with degree in social work from Arkansas State University-Main Campus in 2010. Students at Arkansas State University-Main Campus paid $6,640 per year in tuition fees.
University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, which is located in Pine Bluff, is the third-ranked school in Arkansas that has a social work program. It received a ranking of 50th in the country in 2010. In 2010, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff graduated 18 students from its social work programs. University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff charged in-state students $5,033 in tuition fees per year.
If you choose to attend a Arkansas social work school, average tuition will be $7,090 per year. However, tuition at your particular institution may range from $2,150 per year to $14,040 per year. The Arkansas social work schools with the highest tuition rates in 2010 were:
- Harding University - located in Searcy, students are charged $14,040 per year
- Central Baptist College - located in Conway, students are charged $10,760 per year
- Philander Smith College - located in Little Rock, students are charged $9,450 per year
The following Arkansas social work schools had the lowest tuition rates:
- Phillips Community College of the University of Arkansas - located in Helena, students are charged $2,150 per year
- University of Arkansas at Monticello - located in Monticello, students are charged $4,990 per year
- University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff - located in Pine Bluff, students are charged $5,033 per year
A social work degree from an Arkansas school... what next?
The highest percentage of social work graduates in Arkansas pursue careers as a social worker. If you decide to work as a social worker in Arkansas, you will be joining the ranks of approximately 1,290 Arkansas social workers as of 2010. The following counties have the largest number of Arkansas social workers:
- Faulkner County - 660 social workers
- Crawford County - 190 social workers
- Benton County - 130 social workers
Projected Growth
The government projects that the number of social workers in Arkansas will grow by 17%. By 2018, there will be an estimated 1,030 social workers working in Arkansas.
On average, a social worker earns a salary of $46,740 per year in Arkansas state. In 2010, however, some Arkansas social workers earned as little as less than $22,040 per year or as much as more than $88,640 per year. The following counties in Arkansas have the highest average salaries for social workers:
- Clay County - $51,190 per year
- Faulkner County - $48,530 per year
- Garland County - $48,100 per year
A social worker in the following counties in Arkansas make the lowest salaries on average:
- Benton County - $38,840 per year
- Crawford County - $42,000 per year
- Baxter County - $43,680 per year
More Information
Take a look at the graphs and charts below for additional Arkansas statistics regarding a career in social work and to compare salaries with a variety of related fields such as human resources or social work.
Here are the different levels of study available for you to explore.
- Associate's Degree in Social Work in Arkansas
- Bachelor's Degree in Social Work in Arkansas
- Master's Degree in Social Work in Arkansas
- Certificate in Social Work in Arkansas
Want to study at your own time and pace?
Consider Online Schools as a great alternative flexible option to earn a degree!View Online Schools
Featured Online Schools
Kaplan University
Narrow Your Results
Curious what studying Social Work gets you?
Check out the different options and how they're looking in Arkansas
|Employment Number
|Avg Salary
|Job Growth (past 5 yrs)
|Child, Family, and School Social Workers
|Healthcare Social Workers
|Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers
|Social Workers, All Other
Got your degree? Time to find a job!
Below are social work related jobs in Arkansas


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Links to other sites are provided for convenience. Therefore, CarGuide.ca recommends neither implicitly nor explicitly, any product or service of a third party by the simple fact of the information, material or content found on this site or other sites.


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Fashion Photography by Eliza Kinchington
Eliza Kinchington is a talented 26-year-old photographer based in Melbourne, Australia. She received her Bachelor of Fine Arts from The University of New South Wales School of Art and Design and currently studying for her Masters of Art. While studying she has operated as a freelance artist for the past several years and after having her interest in photography piqued about five years ago, her work has become gradually more influenced by the possibilities of the digital world while still reflecting her strong interest in the painterly tradition.
Eliza shoots a lot of fashion, beauty, portrait and fine art photography.
More info: instagram / facebook / website


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Jesus used a bunch of teenagers to change the world so why do we often underestimate young people? I for one believe if we are going to see a shift in this generation, to a generation who are discovering the truth of Jesus' transformational power, it's going to be as a result of young people sharing their faith with their friends.
True passion to share your faith has to come out of an authentic relationship with Jesus. Evangelism is putting God on display in your everyday. Young people can make a difference in the lives of their friends, in their community and in their world but first we need to take the pressure off.
Evangelism is putting God on display in your everyday.
When it comes to evangelism it's vital that we meet people where they are at, to connect them with Jesus in a way that they find accessible. Often for people there is a process involved. We can take the pressure off young people, and ourselves, by remembering it's not all about one conversation. We need to find common ground with people. Jesus spoke to the woman at the well about water, he spoke to Nicodemus about theology. We need to be aware of where people are coming from and finding good connection points in which we can talk to them about our faith.
This demonstrates that sharing our faith often comes out of good relationships. The way we speak, the choices we make and the way we use our time are all important, as we can then share the gospel message when the opportunity arises. This natural approach to evangelism is one that I think can help take the pressure of young people and also encourage them that they can share their faith.
But let me be the first to admit that when an opportunity comes along to share my faith, my thought process is often filled with negative thoughts:
Young people need to feel empowered and supported to share their faith.
"How can God use me?''
"I'll probably say something wrong."
"People aren't interested in what I have to say."
These are just some of the thoughts that cross my mind and I know I'm not alone. It's good to encourage young people to take a very relational approach to evangelism but let's not forget it's supposed to be a challenge. It requires risk but why are we so often surprised by this? Jesus himself said we would face difficulty but in the same breath he stated that we do not have to fear because He has overcome it (John 16:33). So let's not allow the culture we are a part of prevent us from sharing the truth but instead rely on God to help us set a new culture.
As people who actively work with young people we have a major part to play in this journey of evangelism. It is vital that we set the culture in our local church to one where evangelism is at the core. That we create an environment where sharing your faith is encouraged and praised, a place where we can celebrate young people's success stories and stand with them when it's difficult and they face rejection. Significantly, they need to see this modelled from their leaders.
A great place to start is teaching them:
- how to share their own story in a way that their friends can understand,
- to explore the importance of praying for their friends,
- and how to look for opportunities to share their faith.
It's vital they know that they don't need to have it all together in order for God to use them – just look in the Bible. Young people need to feel empowered and supported to share their faith. However, this needs to go hand in hand with creating a place and environment where young people are happy to bring their friends, a place that is safe and accessible for young people who aren't used to a church context, so our language needs to be inclusive not alienating.
The bottom line is we can't do one without the other, because we want young people to step out, share their faith and be bold enough to ask their friends to come to church. So it's vital that we are setting the right culture both by our examples and the environments we create.
I want to encourage you that whether you've ever shared your faith before or you are yet to for the first time, God is with you wherever you go and has declared that he will never leave you. So let's take a risk and see what happens when we step out boldly for God and share our faith.
We hope you find videos, articles and resources on our website that inspire you and your community to share Jesus – and please do feel free to share these on social media or in church gatherings. If you see something that you would like to post on another website, however, please get in touch so that we can help you.


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Conference Accommodation Deals
Oaks Hotels & Resorts
Oaks Hotels & Resorts in conjunction with SASMA are proud to be offering 15% discounted rates at Oaks Embassy, Oaks Horizons & iStay Precinct.
To book, visit http://www.minorhotels.com/en/oaks
and enter SASMA in the Promo Code section of the Reservations Panel!
For further information please email


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About Us
As Modafit Textile Clothing Industry and Trade Ltd. Co. (Modafit Tekstil Giyim Sanayi ve Ticaret Ltd. Şti.) we produce fason for world famous brands with 20 years of experience.
Our company carries out its marketing, design, and production in a family environment with its 50 staff working shoulder to shoulder for years.
We have decided to sell products with the quality of world brands and designing affordable merino wool products with the experience we have accumulated from the 100% merino products which we carried out fason production for years.
We bought our merino wools from Australia where the top-quality and finest merino wools are grown, then we transformed them to processed mercerized yarn in Italy and for the last, we have completed the knitting and dyeing processes of the yards that we brought to Turkey.
We offer our products which were produced with superior quality workmanship and meticulousness under the Modafit supervision in a cost effective manner in the form of "from producer to consumer" through our website.
You can now wear healthy and natural clothing with 100% merino wool products.


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Santander Asset Management is present in six of the major European markets. With more than €112.6Bn in assets under management and a team of more than 100 investment professionals in Europe, Santander Asset Management occupies leading positions in the countries in which it operates.*
Santander AM Germany**
Since January 2013, Santander Asset Management positions itself in the German market to support the distribution of funds and investment portfolios through the Santander Bank branch network and to access the German institutional market.
Santander AM Spain
For more than 45 years, Santander Asset Management has managed fixed income and European equities and built up a dedicated and experienced team of more than XX investment professionals. Additionally, it has established a long and successful track record, not only in investment funds but also in pension plans, discretionary portfolios and SICAVs.
Santander AM UK
Created in 2007, Santander Asset Management offers a wide range of investment solutions for all client types.
Santander AM Portugal***
An experienced local team has allowed us to consolidate our leadership across the Iberian Peninsula and the business has received numerous awards for the management of equity and pension funds.
* Figures as at 30 September 2019.
** Santander Asset Management SA SGIIC German branch is a strong contributor to the Santander SICAV assets (a Luxembourg domiciled product).
*** Santander Asset Management SGFIM is a subsidiary of Banco Santander and its incorporation to the Santander Asset Management Group is pending.


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Homemade Hot Chocolate Mix
- Cooking Time: 0
- Servings: 76 2-Tbsp
- Preparation Time: 20
- 2 vanilla beans
- 4 cups granulated sugar
- 24 oz high-quality semisweet chocolate, coarsely chopped
- 9 oz dark chocolate, coarsely chopped
- 2 cups Dutch process cocoa
- Split and scrape vanilla beans and place in a large bowl or jar with the sugar. Work seeds into the sugar with your fingers. Bury the pods under the sugar. Cover tightly and let stand overnight (or up to months–vanilla sugar keeps forever) at room temperature.
- In a food processor fitted with metal blade, process semisweet chocolate and dark chocolate until finely ground, using 4-second pulses. Process in batches, if necessary (I started out with large bars so I first processed the chocolate using the grater attachment and then switched to the blade.)
- Remove pod from sugar. Add ground chocolate and cocoa powder to sugar and whisk to blend, making sure to combine well. Store mix airtight at room temperature for up to six months.
- To prepare:
- Heat 8 oz milk (per person) in small saucepan over medium heat until scalded. Whisk in 1-2 Tbsp mix (per person).


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Welcome to the Zone! We are committed to bringing you, the consumer, exceptional quality cabinet hardware, door hardware, bathroom faucets and more at below retail pricing. We stock the most popular styles and finishes and are committed to getting your order out quickly and efficiently. We hope to make your on-line shopping experience an enjoyable one that you'll want to repeat again and again.
We are a new and unique company dedicated to offering the best cabinet hardware for your home at the best possible price.
Contact Us:
The Cabinet Hardware ZoneZone III, Inc.6457 NW 99th AvenueParkland, FL 33076 firstname.lastname@example.com
Our Hardware:The Hardware Zone offers a large selection of exceptionally designed and finely manufactured CABINET, DOOR AND FAUCET HARDWARE in a variety of functions, styles and finishes. Our products are sure to be a beautiful addition to your home's décor.
Our Shipping:The Hardware Zone will ship your order quickly and efficiently. If the item is in stock, it will ship within 48 hours. The Zone will provide you with a shipping confirmation complete with tracking information.
Our Mission:The Zone is dedicated to bringing our customers high quality products at low prices. The Cabinet Hardware Zone promises a pleasant shopping experience with our "shopper friendly site," while offering a full range of Cabinet Hardware designs from the traditionally popular to the most current trends.
Copyright ©
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Nictus Furnishers is a furniture retail company operating in South Africa and Namibia.
Nictus places the customer first by continually striving towards Excellence.
Helpful personnel provide service with dedication and motivation, while maintaining integrity, focus and sound values.
Our products are of the highest quality and provide excellent value for money.
For nearly seven decades, Nictus has established itself as a household name and is widely acknowledged for its Quality, Value and Service.
Only My.na users can review businesses. Please register or log in to review the business.
Create a free user account and stand a chance to win great prizes.


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UK-based Bhangra artist H-Dhami, who has won the hearts of music lovers across the world, is presently focusing on the music loving people in India. H-Dhami has a distinct form of blending western and Punjabi music is keen to promote his special style of Bhangra. He has arrived in India after performing in different parts of the world. Dhami's father Palvinder Dhami has been a legendary singer, having led the Bhangra band `HEERA. H-Dhami's tracks are exclusively written by Rishi Rich, a British Asian producer. His debut video `Sadke Jawa' has also been played extensively across major Asian TV Channels in the UK, U.S.A. and Asia. "Punjabi music is great. You will find Punjabi music and Bhangra in every part of the world. Not only in Bollywood but across the world including US...and I went to Spain, all non Asians were there, only four of us were there and we played Bhangra music and everyone enjoyed it a lot. The music is universal language, every person whether they belong to any background listen to the music and music. Music is medicine, music is healing," said H-Dhami, Punjabi singer.
H-Dhami has spent a part of his life on stage since he was six, performing alongside his Dad. He values Indian traditions and is proud to be associated with legendary Punjabi singers from India. "I am a very big fan of the likes of the great Gurdasman ji for folk, Kuldeep Manakh to Jazzy B. there are lots of artists and to western side, the one and only Michael Jackson, Timberline, Justin Tibmberlake, Jay Sean, so all these guys, I just picked up all my influences from the young age and they are all my influences. We just wrapped all but my focus is Punjabi because it's important that we should remain connected to our culture and I want to make it sure that I always follow my culture and traditions and keep in touch with our mother language," H-Dhami, the singer. The video "Sadke Java" has been nominated as Video of 2007 by Zee TV.
Within just a year, the new bhangra kid on the block has already received two nominations for the 2008 UK Asian Music Awards for Best Newcomer and Best Male Actor. And now H-Dhami is all set to rock India with his lively and energetic bhangra performances. Dhami has also ventured into Bollywood by making a debut in an animated flick Toonpur-Superhero, which is going to be released this year.


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Interplanetary Chess Congress by Ilf, Ilya & Petrov, Evgeny In an excerpt from "The 12 Chairs", con man Ostap Bender transforms a backwaters Volga River town into the chess capital of the universe.
Full version:
"Chess!" Ostap said. "Do you know what chess is? It advances not only culture, but the economy, too! Do you know that your Four Knights Chess Club, under the right circumstances, could completely transform the city of Vasiuki?"
Ostap had eaten nothing since yesterday. Therefore, the elegance of his speech was extraordinary.
"Yes!" he shouted. "Chess enriches the nation! If you agree to my proposal, you'll have a marble staircase descending from the city to the pier! Vasiuki will become the center of ten provinces! What had you previously heard about the town of Zimmering? Nothing! But now, this little burg is rich and famous only because it hosted an international tournament. Therefore, I say: we must organize an international chess tournament in Vasiuki."
"How?" everyone shouted.
"It's a completely realistic idea," answered the grandmaster. "My personal connections and your initiative are all that's needed to ensure the organization of the international Vasiuki tournament. Think how beautiful it will sound: "The International Vasiuki Tournament for 1927". The attendance of Jose Raul Capablanca, Emanuel Lasker, Alekhine, Nimtzovitz, Reti, Rubenstein, Marotsi, Tarrasch, Widmar, and Doctor Grigoriev is assured. Moreover, my participation is assured."
"But, money," the locals groaned. "You have to pay all of them money. Thousands of rubles. Where can we get it?"
"Everything will be taken care of, like in a great hurricane," said O. Bender. "We'll take up a collection."
"Who in Vasiuki is gonna give you such insane amounts of money?"
"What do you mean Vasiuki? The people of Vasiuki won't give any money. They will collect the money. It's really very simple. A tournament with the participation of such world-class masters is sure to attract chess lovers from around the world. Hundreds of thousands of people--wealthy people--will rush to Vasiuki. In the first place, river transport will not be able to carry such a large number of passengers. Therefore, the Transportation Ministry will build a railroad line between Moscow and Vasiuki. That's number one. Two: hotels and skyscrapers to house all these guests. Three: improvement of agriculture in a 1,000- kilometer radius. The guests will have to be provided with vegetables, fruits, caviar, chocolates. The palace in which the tournament will be played, that's number four. Five: construction of garages for the guests' cars. In order to broadcast the results of such a sensational tournament, they'll have to build a superpowerful radio station--that's number six. Now, concerning the Moscow-Vasiuki railroad line. Undoubtedly, such a line will not have the capacity to convey to Vasiuki all those desiring to come. From this will result the "Greater Vasiuki" airport--regular flights of airplanes and dirigibles to all corners of the world, including Los Angeles and Melbourne."
Dazzling prospectives opened up in front of the Vasiuki amateurs.
The size of the room widened. The rotten walls of the stud farm building fell away, and in its place arose a glass, 33-story palace of chess thought, towering into the blue sky. In each of its halls, in every room, even in the elevators, speeding by like bullets, people, deep in thought, sat playing chess on instructional gameboards made of malachite.
Marble staircases descended to the blue Volga. Ocean liners sat on the river. Cable cars carried up into the city fat-faced foreigners, chess ladies, Australian adherents of the Indian Defense, Indians in white turbans, supporters of the Ruy Lopez game, Germans, Frenchmen, New Zealanders, inhabitants of the Amazon River basin, and--envying the Vasiukites--people from Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Siberia, and Odessa.
An endless stream of cars flowed past the marble hotels. And then, everything stopped. From the fashionable hotel "Passed Pawn" emerged the world champion, Jose Raul Capablanca. Women surrounded him. A policeman dressed in a special chess uniform (checked riding breeches and bishops on the lapels) politely saluted. With great dignity, the one-eyed chairman of the Vasiuki "Four Knights Club" stepped up to the world champion.
The conversation of these two luminaries, conducted in English, was interrupted by the arrival of a plane bearing Dr. Grigoriev and the future world champion, Alekhine.
Shouts of greeting shook the city. Jose Raul Capablanca frowned. The one-eyed one, with a wave of his hand, caused a marble staircase to be rolled up to the airplane. Dr. Grigoriev ran down the steps, waving his new hat in greeting and commenting on a possible error by Capablanca in his upcoming match with Alekhine.
Suddenly, on the horizon appeared a black dot. It quickly approached and grew in size, turning into a large, emerald-green parachute. Like a large radish, a man with a suitcase was dangling from the parachute.
"It's him!" shouted the one-eyed one. "Hoorah! Hoorah! Hoorah! I recognize the great chess philosopher Lasker. He's the only one in the whole world who wears such green socks."
Jose Raul Capablanca again frowned.
The marble staircase was quickly put under Lasker and the bold ex-champion, blowing away some dust which had settled on his left sleeve during his flight over Silesia, fell into the embrace of the one-eyed one. The one-eyed one took Lasker by the waist, lead him up to the champion, and said:
"Make peace with one another! I beg you, in the name of the great Vasiuki masses! Make peace!"
Jose Raul audibly sighed and, shaking the hand of the old veteran, said:
"I have always admired your idea in the Ruy Lopez game of moving the bishop from b5 to c4."
"Hoorah!" exclaimed the one-eyed one. "Simple and decisive, in the style of a champion!"
The large, unimaginable crowd took up the cheer.
"Hoorah! Vivat! Banzai! Simple and decisive, in the style of a champion!!!"
Express trains rolled up to the 12 Vasiuki train stations, disgorging more and more crowds of chess lovers.
The sky was starting to blaze with flashing advertisements when a white horse was led along the streets of the city. This was the only horse remaining after the mechanization of Vasiuki's transport. By special declaration it was renamed a knight, even though for its whole life it had been called a filly. Chess worshippers greeted the horse, waving palm branches and chess boards.
"Don't worry," said Ostap, "my plan guarantees your city an unheard of blossoming of industrial strength. Think of what it will be like when the tournament is over and all the guests leave. The residents of Moscow, squeezed by the housing crisis, will rush to your excellent town. The capital will automatically be transferred to Vasiuki. The government will come here. Vasiuki will be renamed New Moscow, and Moscow will be renamed Old Vasiuki. People from Leningrad and Kharkov will grind their teeth, but there's nothing they can do about it. New Moscow will become the most elegant center of Europe, and soon, of the entire world."
"Of the entire world!!!" the stunned Vasiukites started to stammer.
"Yes! And then, of the universe. Chess thought, turning a provincial town into the capital of the planet, shall turn into applied science and create the methods of interplanetary communication. From Vasiuki signals will be sent to Mars, Jupiter, and Neptune. Communication with Venus will become as simple as a trip from Rybinsk to Yaroslav. And then, who knows, maybe, after eight years, Vasiuki will host the first-in-the- history-of-the-universe interplanetary chess congress!"


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When travelers rank some of their most prevalent fears, the concern of enduring a disaster lists high. In a recent Huff Post article, the fear of living through a natural disaster, like a hurricane of tropical storm, was the second highest concern among young and solo travelers.
The worry of facing a tropical storm is natural, as even insurance companies have rated the odds of a natural disaster decimating cities around the world. However, while many of us consider the Gulf Coast and Asia's "Ring of Fire" to be among the most dangerous destinations for storms, there are several different places that are susceptible to tropical storms that many travelers simply don't realize.
From the coastline of California to Eastern Canada, many parts of the world face the threat of tropical storms, often without advance notice. Here are five parts of the world you didn't know could have tropical storms.
When many people think of Brazil, images of soccer, the Carnival of Brazil, and the famous Cristo Redentor statue come to mind. Another idea that should also come to mind is tropical storms.
Despite their positioning in the South Atlantic, coastal Brazil often faces off with tropical storms formed off the coast. The most severe tropical storm made landfall in 2004, after a tropical storm turned back towards land and grew to become a category one hurricane. As a result, over 38,000 buildings were damaged and 1,400 collapsed.
Even though this tropical paradise is welcoming year round, travelers still have to be on guard. Those considering a trip to Brazil during hurricane season may want to consider travel insurance prior to departure.
Los Angeles, California
Contrary to popular opinion, it does rain in California – and when it rains, it can turn into a tropical storm very quickly. Thanks to the oceanic phenomenon known as El Nino, tropical storms can form over the Pacific Ocean, and make landfall across the coastline, affecting Los Angeles and other communities across Southern California.
While most tropical storms form along Baja California and dissipate before reaching Los Angeles, the city has been struck by major storms and even hurricanes in the past. According to data from NOAA, the Southern California coastline weathered hurricanes in 1858 and 1939. Tropical storms can still form to this day, but often happen far out at sea during the winter time.
While the wrath of El Nino is nothing to be trifled with, tropical storms are not the only concern for those vising Southern California. According to an analysis completed by Swiss Re, Southern California is also susceptible to earthquakes.
Often considered America's premier vacation destinations, Hawaii is also susceptible to a number of tropical storms every year. In 2015, nearly one half-dozen storms came close to Hawaii, bringing with them rainfall and heavy winds.
Although it does not happen often, some of these storms can upgrade into hurricanes. In 1992, a category four hurricane made landfall on the island of Kaua'I, causing $3 billion in damages and killing six islanders.
While the island offers nice weather throughout the year, travelers who are not fond of storms should avoid traveling during the Pacific hurricane season. The most storm activity in the Pacific takes place from June to December each year.
Newfoundland and Northeastern Canada
Travelers often associate Newfoundland and Northeastern Canada with other natural events, such as the Bay of Fundy in New Brunswick. Tropical storms are also a regular occurrence in Northeastern Canada. Over the last 200 years, this Canadian island has seen over 16 hurricanes and numerous tropical storms.
The worst storm to hit Northeast Canada was Hurricane Igor in 2010. Officially on record as the wettest hurricane in the region's history, the storm caused over $200 million in damage and killed one person.
Although tropical storms are a natural part of life in Northeastern Canada, those who travel to the area have options available prior to their arrival. Anyone concerned about hurricanes and tropical storms can check the Canadian Environment and Climate Change Centre homepage for information and facts about storms in Northeastern Canada.
United Arab Emirates, Oman and Qatar
Finally, the Arabian Peninsula – including the United Arab Emirates, Oman and Qatar – may be closer associated with amazing opulence rather than storm systems. However, since tracking began in 1881, the Arabian Peninsula has faced over 50 tropical storms and tropical cyclones.
The most dangerous tropical storm took place in 2007, when Tropical Cyclone Gonu made landfall in Oman. The storm caused over $4 billion in damage and killed 50 people after it made landfall in Oman.
Although tropical storms may not happen often in these areas, they can hit with little to know warning and bring rain and damage in their wake. Through being aware of these areas you may not have known could have tropical storms, you can be prepared for the worst case scenario when you travel.


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2008 B Macro FRQ #1
(A) How will the increase in government expenditures (spending) affect each of the following in the short-run?
(i) Aggregate Demand
Government spending will shift the AD curve rightward.
Government spending causes (C) consumption to increase which increases AD.
The AD/AS cheat sheet is here.
(ii) Short-run Aggregate Supply
Government spending does not affect the SRAS - short run aggregate supply curve.
|These shift the SRAS curve
(B) Using a CLG of the AD/AS, show the effects of the expenditure on the real output (RGDP) and the price level (PL).
PL, increases
RGDP, increases
Incomes (Y) increase
(C) Assume that the government funded this increase in expenditures by borrowing from the public. Using a CLG of the loanable funds market, show the effects of the borrowing on the RIR, real interest rate.
|Government spending increases, the RIR, increases
Fiscal Policy Cheat Sheet is here.
(D) Given the change in the real interest rate (C), what will be the effect of the change in the FOREX?
(i) Supply of Z currency. Explain. (WHY?)
If, the government increases spending then the RIR will increase. This increased interest rate will attract foreigners to invest into Z's interest bearing assets (people want to put their money into Bonds) because they can earn a higher interest rate compared to their own countries. Capital flows (money) will flow into the country of Z to take advantage of the higher interest rates.
To be able to invest in country Z investors must exchange their currency in the FOREX market. They are demanding Z's currency. The demand for Z's currency will increase. This will decrease the supply of Z's currency in the FOREX.
(ii) The value of Z currency.
Demand increases for Z's currency and supply decreases, so the value will rise.
(E) Given your answer in part (d)(ii), what will be the effect of the change in the value of Z's currency on Z's exports? Explain.
(D)(ii) says that the currency's value will increase. This means that to buy a Z, one must spend more in the FOREX.
Explain, - I want to buy a jacket from the country of Z and it costs 100z. The company who makes the jacket do not take $ they only take z's. So, I must trade my $ for z's in the FOREX. Before the government spending (RIR increased) I could buy the jacket for $100.
The exchange rate was 1 for 1. - 100$ for 100z
Now the value of Z's currency has increased, it now takes 2$ to equal 1z. So, I must take $200 to buy 100z. I can still buy the jacket but since the RIR increased and the value of the z increased I must pay more for each z that I want to buy.
This means that the price of the goods in the country of Z have increased for foreigners wanting to buy their goods.
If the price of Z's goods have increased relative to other countries then they will not be able to export as much. Their exports will decline.


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Winter seemed to come earlier than usual for New Englanders when snow blanketed and wreaked havoc on parts of New England last weekend.
The early start to winter falls right in line with the hoopla surrounding the Red Sox, as a late-season collapse has fans more than ready for the club to stoke the hot stove and get to making changes up and down the roster.
September collapse or not, however, we already knew where one of those changes would occur, and that's in right field.
That's because J.D. Drew is all but certain to be gone, with his contract having expired. That means that among new general manager Ben Cherington's long list of offseason moves to make is finding someone to take Drew's spot.
Initial reports indicate that Grady Sizemore could be a potential target for Cherington. The Boston Herald reported that Sox will likely at least look at bringing Sizemore on board. With Carl Crawford and Jacoby Ellsbury presumably patrolling left and center, it would mean that Sizemore would have to move from his natural position of center to right should the Sox sign him.
"He would not rule out playing a corner outfield spot if it was the best opportunity to show he's healthy and an elite player," Sizemore's agent told the Herald.
It's an intriguing possiblity at the very least. When healthy, the 28-year-old has shown the type of ability that would make him one of the better outfielders in baseball.
Between 2005 and 2008, the outfielder averaged 160 games per season and became an Indians fan favorite in the process. He hit .281 in that span and averaged 27 home runs and 81 RBIs in those seasons. He posted an OPS of .868 and even swiped 115 bags over those four years.
Again, when he's healthy, he's an All-Star at the very least. The problem, of course, is that the injury bug has taken a liking to Sizemore in the last few years. An elbow injury, a groin injury and subsequent hernia surgery cut his 2009 season short and limited his production. A knee injury ended his 2010 season after just 33 games. Last year, it was more knee problems and another sports hernia issue.
Unfortunately for players like Sizemore, these type of things follow you around. Whether it's fair or not, if you miss what's perceived as too much time due to injury, you're labeled as injury-prone. Just ask Drew.
So would making a run at Sizemore be worth it? Only for the right price. The only way it would make any sort of sense for the Sox to bring in Sizemore is under their terms. Injuries clearly seem to be an issue that would keep a team from investing too much money and too many years in him, but would he even fit in Boston?
That's where the move seems to make a little less sense. The biggest problem with Sizemore, aside from his medical history, is the batter's box he stands in. Sizemore is a left-handed bat, and adding him to an already lefty-heavy lineup may complicate things for Manager X when he finally takes over. This gets complicated even further should the Sox decide to resign designated hitter David Ortiz.
All of a sudden, you're looking at a lineup that could potentially feature a ton of left-handed bats. Ellsbury, Ortiz, Sizemore, Crawford and Adrian Gonzalez all come to mind. Let's say there's a lefty on the mound. There are some decisions to be made, and that doesn't even take into account that if a lefty is pitching, it forces Jarrod Saltalamacchia to turn around and hit right-handed, something he did at a .209 clip last season.
Also, there's the issue of defense. Right field at Fenway Park isn't the easiest place to play in all of baseball, and Drew's adaptation to it is one of the more overlooked strengths of his time in Boston. Also, Sizemore's arm is average at best, even for a center fielder. You want a big arm in right, particularly Fenway Park. Of course, if Sizemore comes to Boston to play center fielder after say, a blockbuster trade, then maybe it makes a little more sense. But the truth is that he's not a great fit defensively, either.
Putting Sizemore in the Fenway Park outfield just doesn't seem to add up. Unless Cherington can get Sizemore for an absolute bargain (unlikely since there will probably be plenty of teams lining up to get someone high on potential and likely low on cost), he should pass on Sizemore. Instead, take a look at someone like Michael Cuddyer. Or maybe Josh Willingham. Or, you could stay in house and let Josh Reddick and Ryan Kalish duke it out for the spot.
There are obviously those who would like to see Sizemore in the Red Sox outfield this season. For the right price, Sizemore is the type of name that many would love to take a chance. The fact, though, is that Sizemore just doesn't seem to fit.


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The San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in North San Diego County has much in common with the
Both sites use pools of water encased in concrete and steel to cool spent fuel removed from reactors. The pools at Fukushima's No. 3 and No. 4 reactors have been releasing radioactive steam in recent days after their cooling systems ran out of power and exposed fuel rods began overheating.
San Onofre and Fukushima also eventually move their uranium-filled fuel rods into dry metal and concrete containers for longer-term storage.
U.S. nuclear regulators, industry experts and reactor operators, including officials with
"We have well engineered spent-fuel storage pools," said Charles Sparrow, a retired nuclear and chemical engineering professor at Mississippi State University in Starkville. "They are well guarded, well protected and well supervised."
San Onofre has multiple backup cooling water pumping systems if the main pumps fail, plant spokesman Steven Conroy said. Four emergency diesel generators also are kept at the site as a last line of defense.
"Plant systems and equipment, including the backup systems to ensure cooling, are designed to function even after the maximum credible
U.S. nuclear plant operators revised and upgraded the safety and security of reactor waste in the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, said Denis Beller, a nuclear engineering researcher at the University of Nevada Las Vegas.
"We're about 20 years ahead of the Japanese in terms of safety culture," he said.
About 65,000 metric tons of spent uranium is currently being stored at more than 100 sites around the United States, according to a report by Energy Resources International, a nuclear fuel consulting firm in
Temporary storage pools hold about 75 percent of that waste. The rest has been moved into long-term dry containers after cooling in water for at least five years.
U.S. reactors generate about 2,210 metric tons of new radioactive waste annually, said Eileen Supko, a nuclear engineer and vice president of Energy Resources.
At San Onofre, 1,677 spent fuel rods sit in two ponds, and 775 rods are stored in 31 dry canisters, Conroy said. He wasn't able to say how much the waste weighs.
The North County plant in 2003 began transferring some of its used fuel into stainless steel canisters housed in a concrete vault located on the site of the station's first reactor, which was shut down in the 1992 and dismantled a decade later.
Like most U.S. nuclear plants, San Onofre started using dry-container storage because it was running out of room in its waste pools.
The federal government had planned to open a repository for storing all of the nation's nuclear waste deep inside the ancient volcanic rock of Yucca Mountain, located 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. However, intense political opposition helped to doom the project. President
Edison built the waste vaults at San Onofre with longtime storage in mind. Each stainless steel canister holding spent zirconium-clad fuel rods sits within a two-foot-thick concrete box which is surrounded by three-foot-thick vault walls, according to the structure's manufacturer, Transnuclear.
The biggest challenge when building the vaults at San Onofre was meeting Edison's seismic requirements for the site, located about 4.5 miles from an active offshore fault zone, Transnuclear said in a description of the project on its website.
Edison "wanted a robust system that could resist 1.5g seismic acceleration," the company said.
That figure represents ground shaking as the force of gravity, with 1.5g translating into 150 percent of gravity's pull. In more conventional terms, the figure equals an 8 magnitude quake.
That's significantly stronger than the 7 magnitude, or 0.67g, quake that San Onofre's reactors were designed to withstand when they were constructed in the 1970s. Edison officials did not respond to questions about the seismic specification differences.
The explanation might involve the life spans imagined for the structures, said Andrew Klein, a professor of nuclear engineering and radiation health physics at Oregon State University.
While the reactors probably have no more than 30 years of use ahead of them, the storage vault might need to last 100 years or more, he said.
"Who knows how long these vaults will have to store used fuel. If I was designing it, I would want to make sure that it had the capability to last a long time," Klein said.
In the wake of the earthquake and tsunami disasters in Japan, new attention is being given to San Onofre's ability to survive a significant natural disaster.
A 2008 report by the California Energy Commission concluded that an earthquake larger than the maximum 7.0 temblor predicted by Edison was possible along faults nearest the reactors. The agency called on the company to conduct a more intensive study of the region's geology using technology that hadn't yet been applied to the area.
Last week's 9.0 earthquake in Japan added to a growing list of temblors that have far exceeded predictions of the worst possible jolts at those sites. Japanese geologists had expected a quake no larger than 8.2 along the fault that ruptured off the country's northeastern coast, or one-tenth the power of the temblor that actually occurred.
At the Fukushima plant, about 1,760 tons of waste was being stored in a series of pools and dry cask vaults as of March 2010, according to a November report by the plant's operator, Tokyo Electric Power.
Tokyo Electric is building Japan's first dry-cask storage center located away from reactors. The 5,000-ton waste facility, which is scheduled to open in 2013, is in the small city of Mutsu, 300 miles north of Fukushima.
U.S. nuclear plant operators and regulators also have begun exploring the creation of similar remote storage sites to manage the nation's growing mountain of radioactive waste, said Supko with the Energy Resources consulting firm.
In fact, the overall U.S. strategy for handling nuclear waste is in the early stages of a major revision now that the Yucca Mountain project has been abandoned.
The matter is being studied by the Blue Ribbon Commission for American's Nuclear Future, an advisory panel of industry and scientific experts created last year by Obama.


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Number 26 – What popular notion do you think the world has most wrong?
Tough one because I think there are several. I can lump a bunch of them with this idea: You can't be who you are. This notion is simply that you need to change things about yourself in order to be welcomed, received, worthy, loved, or to succeed at life, work and relationships. Many people will verbally say 'people should be who they are, be themselves' but then give advice to change things about themselves in order to be accepted or to attain some goal – be it a promotion, a love life, friends, the feeling that you are doing well in marriage or parenting, etc.
Everything from weight loss gimmicks, diets, fads, and workout regimes in order to look like the models that are photoshopped and accepted as truly beautiful in today's society to needing to manage money better or be a better cook or wife or mom, etc in order to feel like you are succeeding at whatever you want to do. I know I'm not being gentle when I say I think it's utter hogwash. God made us to be us, and He designed us the specific way He did. By not accepting who we are, we are basically telling Him that He made a mistake and that we can make ourselves better. How idolatrous and absurd! It also presumes that we need to obtain all the perfection that we can in order to have it all and not need others. The only human being who was ever perfect was Jesus and he was 100% God at the same time as being 100% human.
I have strengths and weaknesses, and all are glorifying to God in many ways (all can also be sinful if used wrongly). For instance, I am great at speaking truthfully into others' lives, but I'm not-so-great at doing it gently. This means that someone who is filled with a compassionate trait (who may be afraid of confrontation) often reaches the heart of people that I can't. It also means that certain people get a kick-start from me because they need that tougher love & confrontation that I do not shy away from. I do not need to make it a point to change my very nature in order to reach everybody, I can't. I can pray that God would help be more gentle and compassionate, which I do, but it's Him that will do the changing in my heart. We need other people because we cannot obtain all the traits and characteristics that would make us perfect in everybody's eyes, including our own.
Now, I am not saying that we should disregard any exercise routine or let finances get out of control or anything of the sort. I also don't condone excuses ("This is who I am, I don't want to eat healthy…" and the like) of not acting on convictions or moral responsibility. We need to be responsible for the things God has made us stewards of, including our bodies, resources and in community. However, all too often in our culture and even seen around the world, we put too much of an emphasis on changing ourselves for the purpose of being accepted by others. That is where I think the world has it completely wrong.
Guess what!? God loves you exactly as you are. He wants you to know Him and He will change you through knowing Him, but He really does love you for who He made you to be.
Welcome one another as Christ has welcomed you, for the glory of God." – Romans 15:7
PS – I'm not incredibly wonderful at articulating what I'm trying to say sometimes so if you have questions please feel free to shoot me an email or comment below and ask.
Tomorrow is #27 – What is your favorite part of your body and why?
Would you like to participate in the "30 Things" series?
There is a link party on the index page of this series, you can add your link at any time this month. I would truly enjoy reading about you!


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Welcome to CAST University
Every technology investment depends on and requires an investment in people. Their knowledge, productivity, and competence are critical components for continued success. To ensure that your project begins with the best possible start and continues to provide the highest ROI, we offer a portfolio of "best practices" along with education and training services for CAST AIP in the form of an online e-training program that complements and extends more traditional training solutions.
CAST University offers two key educational tracks:
For more information, browse the FAQ document or send an email to CASTU Mailbox.


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Here we'll explain how to pair your existing Canvas course with a new Connect course. We'll show you how to register with Connect (create a Connect account) and create a Connect course. Once your new Connect course is created, it will be automatically paired with Canvas!
Begin by logging into Canvas.
Once in Canvas, click on the McGraw-Hill Connect link (A), then click Begin (B).
Note: Upon first launch, you will be prompted to authorize McGraw-Hill Campus to access your Canvas account.
In a new browser tab, you'll see a confirmation modal. Click "continue" and you'll be taken to the Connect login page. Once here, you'll need to create an account by clicking Register for a Connect account (A).
Existing Connect users can learn more here.
Enter the required information and remember to accept the McGraw-Hill Terms of Use (A). Then click Finish (B).
Search by title, author or subject.
Once you've entered your search criteria, you can filter by subject, author or title. Select the title you'll use for the course (A) and choose a bundle, if available (B).
Complete the course creation process by naming your course, selecting a time zone, setting registration dates and naming your first section. Then click Create Course (A).
Once you've created your course, it will be automatically paired with Canvas! You'll see this page showing the successful pairing. From here you can return to Canvas (A) or explore your new Connect course by clicking Go to section home page (B).
This is your Connect course's Section Home page, where you can Add Assignments (A), edit your Section info (B) and explore all that Connect has to offer. You can also return to Canvas from here (C).


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Sardar Shaukat Ali Kashmiri addresses the United Nations Human Rights Council (32 Session) on an issue close to his heart
General Debate: Item-4 on behalf of ECOSOC-status NGO: CIRAC
'Mr Chairman
We have grave concerns about the security and human rights situation in Pakistan, particularly the so-called Azad Kashmir and Giligt Baltistan.
Pakistani held Kashmir is a land of strict curbs on political pluralism, freedom of expression, and freedom of association. We find there a muzzled press, banned books, arbitrary arrest, detention and torture at the hands of the Pakistan military and police. Discrimination against refugees from Jammu and Kashmir state is rampant. Kashmiri nationalists who do not support Kashmir's accession to Pakistan are singled out. Anyone who wants to take part in public life has to sign a pledge of loyalty to Pakistan, while anyone who publicly supports or works for an independent Kashmir is persecuted.
Islamabad is using the Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA) and military courts against secular, progressive, nationalist political workers, civil society activists and human rights defenders who are struggling for their basic human rights. In Gilgit Baltistan, the peaceful human rights defender Baba Jan and other activists were sentenced to 40 years' imprisonment by an Anti-Terrorist Court (ATC).
We urge the HRC to take serious note of these medieval practices and other human rights violations and put pressure on Pakistan for the immediate and unconditional release of all political workers, including Baba Jan and his colleagues.
Pakistan is involved in plundering the region's natural resources. Islamabad is constructing mega dams as part of the proposed China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project, which runs across our region before it enters Pakistan. Mega projects in the disputed territory of Kashmir are a clear violation of international laws and UNCIP resolutions on Kashmir.
In 2013, the renowned Kashmiri nationalist leader and chairman of the All Parties National Alliance (APNA), Sardar Arif Shahid, was assassinated in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. We have raised this issue in the Council to put pressure on Pakistan to institute a judicial enquiry into this targeted killing but no action has been taken yet.
Mr Chairman, Pakistani Administered Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan are overwhelmingly controlled by the so-called Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Kashmir Council from Islamabad, which enjoy supremacy in all administrative positions and have dominion over the socio-political structure and economy of both regions.'
Sardar Shaukat Ali Kashmiri is an exiled Kashmiri leader from Pakistan Occupied Kashmir. Now based in Berne, Switzerland, he heads United Kashmir People's National Party.