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Pontiac Solstice Engine Swap & More - What's Your Problem?
What's up, DOHC? Pontiac Solstice Engine Swap?
R. J. Wetak; via CarCraft.com: We just scored a '72 Vega on eBay, and for the first time, my boy got excited over a car-what a proud day. He just turned 16 and can't drive until he's 18, which gives us two years to get it on the road. He is not ready for a 6.0L V-8, but we are drawn to a turbo 2.0L Pontiac Solstice type swap. Fabricating is not an issue, but being a V-8 addict, I am not up to speed on the interchange on the different GM four-cylinder engines, transmissions, turbos, and the like. I personally would choose a five- or six-speed, but the kid may call auto. Any tidbits of info you could supply would be great, maybe contact info for a company that caters to car crafters by supplying complete drivetrain takeout assemblies. I think this has potential to be a great experience with a very entertaining outcome.
Jeff Smith: This is uncharted territory, but let's take a stab at it. It does sound like the least intrusive approach would be to pull the complete motor and trans from a wrecked Pontiac Solstice. The first year for the Pontiac Solstice was 2006 with a base Ecotec 2.4L 16-valve four-cylinder rated at 173 hp at 5,800 and 167 lb-ft at 5,500. This is pretty tame power even for an Ecotec. The high-performance version can be found in the EXP beginning in 2007, a direct-injected 2.0L engine with an intercooled turbo that is rated at a much sportier 260 hp at 5,300 rpm and a boost-infused 260 lb-ft. That boost increase is almost 100 lb-ft or 60 percent more torque than the normally aspirated version. The transmission behind both versions is a five-speed manual gearbox with a 3.75:1 First gear with the turbo's rear axle ratio of 3.73:1. Don't make the mistake of putting an automatic behind either of these engines-that would be like draping Jessica Simpson in a burlap sack.
Issues with the turbo application may settle around fuel delivery, since the direct injection system will require a serious fuel system. But frankly, any performance engine will require a 3/8-inch minimum diameter fuel line and quality hardware. The only way this will work is to get the entire engine and trans, along with the computer, wiring harness, sensors, and anything else that will make the conversion easier. The biggest problem we see is finding an affordable package.
Another option is the all-aluminum 2.4L (146ci) or 2.3L (138ci) Olds Quad 4 engine. These motors were available in front-wheel drive (FWD) applications such as the Olds Calais, Pontiac Grand Am, and other GM FWD body styles from '87 to '95. These engines are much more plentiful and were rated at between 160 and 190 hp. These are especially cool since they are also dual-overhead-cam (DOHC) engines like the Ecotec. The hot dog Quad was the W41 engine with that code cast into the valve cover. Converting this engine to a north/south drive configuration isn't that big a deal since a company called Quad 4 Rods makes a Quad 4-specific bellhousing that will adapt to an equally plentiful GM T5 five-speed from an S-10 pickup. The bellhousing sells for $475.00, and if you insist on an automatic, the company also offers aluminum adapters to bolt several different GM automatics to the little four-cylinder. Quad 4 Rods also makes a stand-alone ignition system should you decide to convert to carburetors, as well as a header flange and stub kit that will set you up to build your own header. From a simplicity standpoint, it would probably be easier just to swap in a Quad 4 engine from a donor car complete with the ignition, injection, wiring harness, intake, and exhaust. Then you can adapt the engine to a T5 trans, and you're almost there. According to Quad 4 Rods, a complete Quad 4 with intake and exhaust manifolds, ignition, flywheel, starter, and alternator weighs 325 pounds. Compared with the '75 Cosworth Vega's dismal 110 hp, the Quad 4's 190 hp is downright impressive.
We talked with Ed Taylor, who worked with the late Jim Feuling on the Quad 4 engines back in the '90s, and he said with the log manifold (not the cute tubing intake), the H.O. camshafts, and a header, this little engine can make 200 hp-not bad for a tiny four-banger. So find one of these DOHC engines, stuff it in that Vega with a T5 behind it, and be glad you did.
More Info
Quad 4 Rods; Denver, CO; 303/287-9093; quad4rods.com, quad4forums.com
Rat Antics
Loren Coate, via CarCraft.com: I'm a retired school principal with a stock 502 H.O. crate motor in my '70 Chevelle. It has Hooker 2-inch headers, an 850-cfm Quick Fuel double-pumper carburetor, 3:73:1 gears, and a 2,800-rpm converter. The car weighs 3,800 pounds with consistent 1.80 60-foot times and has run 12.50 at 109. The tire size is 275/60R15 MT ET street radials that are 28 inches in diameter. This is a stock 502 H.O. with rectangular-port iron heads and a nonadjustable valvetrain. I've noticed that acceleration tapers off noticeably after 5,000 rpm. Could you help me get to 11.99?
Jeff Smith: Don't you just love letters that get right to the point? I have lots of suggestions, but let's start with more background. The 502 H.O. (High-Output) GM Performance Parts crate engine is a 450hp big-block with 550 lb-ft. The engine uses an excellent steel 4.00-inch stroke crank, forged 8.75:1-compression pistons, iron rectangle-port heads (2.19/1.88-inch valves), and a conservative hydraulic roller cam with 211/230 degrees at 0.050-inch tappet lift, 0.510/0.540-inch valve lift, and a conservative dual-plane intake. The easy answer is to just dial in an Edelbrock Performer RPM Air-Gap intake and a cam with about 20 more degrees of duration and lift of around 0.550 inch. This will also demand better valve-springs and an adjustable valvetrain with good roller rockers. This will raise the H.O. 's horsepower peak from 5,250 rpm to around 6,000 rpm, and the horsepower will probably jump to more like 480. This is a good idea, but we have more.
Based on stated power and weight, our copy of Patrick Hale's Quarter Jr. dragstrip simulation provided some interesting information. The simulation estimates the Chevelle should run around 12.40 at 108 mph, which is very close to your current performance (I had to estimate weather and track altitude). However, the simulated 60-foot time was 1.63, and yours is 1.80. It also appears that the tall Mickey Thompson DOT drag radials tend to reduce the gear ratio a little. According to our simulation (and your mph), the engine is barely turning 5,000 rpm in the lights. At first, it might appear that adding a gear ratio such as 4.10:1 would help, but we tried that and saw barely a 0.10-second and 1-mph improvement, making it difficult to justify the cost. This minor improvement in e.t. and speed is because the engine is already making excellent torque but no horsepower to push the trap speed. That's why adding gear doesn't help the acceleration on the starting line. To take full advantage of the gear change, we have to make the above engine changes as well.
A better way to improve e.t. without spending money on the engine is to reduce weight. At 3,800 pounds, the car is heavy. If you are creative, there are many ways to reduce weight at very little cost. Pull out any unnecessary pieces. If the car has A/C, yank it all. Try a pair of inexpensive plastic bucket seats to replace those factory seats, and while you've got the seat out, rip out all that sound deadener under the carpet-that's probably 20 pounds. Does the engine use a clutch fan or-worse yet-a plastic flex fan? Those clutch fans are monster heavy, and the plastic ones are notorious power bandits. Replace the fan with a big OE electric-look for one of those huge 12-inch electric units used on a Lincoln MKVIII. They move a ton of air, and you could get a junkyard piece for next to nothing-saving weight and maybe freeing up some horsepower. Every 100 pounds you can pull off the car will trim 0.10 second and add 1 mph to the trap speed.
One way to get a double hit off any weight reduction is to run as light a rear wheel as possible. Your other photo shows you are using the 15x8-inch steel GM Rally wheel in the rear. Those are really heavy-on the order of 40 pounds for the pair. Find a light aluminum race wheel. If you're willing to buy some parts, a fiberglass front bumper isn't expensive and will pull a solid 20 pounds off the car. That's a good dollar-per-pound investment. A fiberglass hood like the one we used on our Chevelle last month from Glasstek will also remove 25 to 30 pounds.
Overall, unless you can remove about 300 pounds from the car, it will be tough to lower the e.t. to 11.99 without resorting to engine improvements. It appears it will take around 500 hp to push this Chevelle at 3,800 pounds into the high 11s. If you're really serious, pull 200 pounds, add the cam and intake, and you'll probably be close. Of course, the quickest, easiest way to get there is with a nitrous system-but you already knew that.
More Info
Glasstek; Naperville, IL; 630/978-9897; glasstek.com
Racing Systems Analysis (Quarter); Oshtemo, MI; quarterjr.com
More Info on Alignment
Norm Peterson, Cherry Hill, NJ: In your home alignment how-to, it is stated that the 20-degree turn-in/turn-out angles are not critical and the 20-degree figure is popular for reasons of accuracy. Neither is particularly true.
In truth, the 20-degree turn angles are specific to the commonly available caster-camber gauges such as the one you used. The short explanation is that when you make your caster measurement with this tool, you're actually measuring the camber change over a given amount of steering. The camber range becomes caster as you steer the wheels either way from straight ahead at roughly 1 (2 x sin ([turn angle])), where [turn angle] is 20 degrees in this case. Accordingly, the caster scale on the caster-camber tool is calibrated to use a factor of 1.5 for your 40-degree total sweep. Being off by a degree or possibly two in your turn angles probably won't make enough difference to matter for most street alignments, but if for any reason you could only get a turn angle of 14.5 degrees, you should be using a factor of 2.00 instead.
At least some of the commercially available caster-camber gauges are beveled on the end at the 20-degree angles for visual reference. I'd take this a step further and fabricate a 20-degree-angle jig from steel strip, as it will help to hit the 20-degree angle more reliably.
For those interested, there is an SAE paper readily available from Hunter Engineering (the alignment equipment company) at hunter.com/pub/under car/2573T/index.htm that goes into this in a lot more detail.
Jeff Smith: Thanks to Norm for this update. We were not aware that the bubble-type camber/caster gauges integrated this 20-degree requirement. Now we do.
Question that Sucks
Scott Renzenbrink, Massillon, OH: I have a '64 F-85 with a warmed-over 455 cam and a vacuum-secondary Demon 750. I noticed the vacuum gauge tends to bounce a little at idle, bounce a bunch at tip-in, and become steady once I am under way. I checked for leaks and adjusted the carb and the results are the same. Then last week I slapped the Q-Jet back on the motor and the gauge reads steady as a rock. Do you have any ideas why this would be occurring with the Demon? The car seems to be running fine, but I need to know what I am looking at. Is it just me? When I look at page 85 of the Oct. '09 issue, I feel like I am being plagiarized.
Jeff Smith: In the past when we've run into the situation, Scott, where the engine idle vacuum bounces around, it generally indicates that the engine is running lean. To get a little more feedback about this, we talked to Sean at Sean Murphy Induction (SMI) in Huntington Beach, California. Sean says it sounds like the engine is still suffering from a mild vacuum leak even though you did not immediately find one. Since you changed the carburetor and discovered that the engine runs fine, this indicates that the leak is located in the carburetor itself.
Vacuum leaks are one of the most common forms of engine idle and off-idle driveability problems. This is because the air that is introduced into the engine is not metered, which means the proper amount of fuel is not mixed with this air, and the engine will run lean. Depending on where this unmetered air enters the engine, it can affect all the cylinders or possibly just the front half or back half of the engine. A too-lean air/fuel ratio at idle is generally characterized by a rolling or inconsistent idle speed. Often this is described as an idle that hunts and is not consistent. The most common place for this to occur is the seal between the intake manifold and the heads. Loose intake manifold bolts or just a porous seal between the intake and the heads will create this same ragged idle quality.
There are several situations that can cause any carburetor to display these kinds of poor idle quality symptoms. Some areas to look out for are a rubber manifold vacuum port plug that's cracked. We've seen ones that look fine on the outside but once removed are actually split quite badly. We've also seen base gaskets between the carb and the manifold that do not completely seal the carburetor but only leak after the engine is completely up to temperature. We've also seen metering blocks on Holley and Barry Grant carbs that have been subjected to the gorilla-finger tightening technique. This is where the bowl screws have been overtightened, which tends to warp the sealing surface of the carburetor main body. It can create vacuum leaks that are not only difficult to locate but are also inconsistent, meaning the engine will not always exhibit these poor idle quality symptoms.
Another situation we've run across is when a chunk of dirt or solid debris tends to lodge in one side of a carburetor's idle circuit. One time that comes to mind was way back when Scott Sullivan and I drove his Cheez Whiz '55 Chevy from Ohio all the way to California. Somewhere in Utah, the Lingenfelter-built 496ci big-block began running very poorly at idle and part-throttle. After much messing around with the carburetor, we realized the black chroming of the carburetor had apparently deposited or dislodged something into the idle circuit. If we removed the metering block and blew it out with compressed air, the engine would run fine-sometimes for days and other times only for hours. The fix is to drill out the idle-feed restrictor and remove the offending debris. This is a rare occurrence, but it does happen. Somewhere in the middle of these suggestions is probably where the problem lies. We'd suggest going through the BG carb with a good cleaning, new gaskets, and a shot of compressed air through all the various metering passages and see if a more stable idle returns. My guess is this will solve your idle stability problem and let you go back to enjoying your 455ci Olds.
More Info
Sean Murphy Induction; Huntington Beach, CA; 714/843-9169; smicarburetor.com
Big-Blocks and Small-Blocks
Mark Edwards, Richwood, OH: I have a question regarding engines. I see articles that mention 400 and 454 big-blocks and small-blocks and would like to know what the difference is between them.
Jeff Smith: Thanks for writing, Mark, because it's important that we take the time to bring our new readers up to speed. Even you old-timers (and I include myself in that description) need to take a moment every once in a while to remember how little we knew when we started in this hobby. These are generic terms that relate to the physical size of the engine and to its displacement as expressed in cubic inches and more often now in liters. Let's start with a simple description using the small-block Chevy. This engine started out at a minuscule 265 ci in 1955 and expanded in production form all the way up to 400 ci in the '70s. In 1965, Chevrolet introduced the production 396 and 427ci big-blocks that were physically larger in external size and displacement. But you can see that by 1970, Chevy had built a 400ci small-block that was larger in displacement than the 396ci big-block. The monikers have remained the same despite the displacement overlap.
Like most things in our sport, other engines can make this distinction downright confusing. The most popular of all Chrysler big-block engines, the '70 426 Hemi (for example), can trace its roots back to the original Hemi-headed engine used in Chrysler, Dodge, and DeSoto vehicles. The Dodge version was called the Red Ram but only displaced 331 ci despite its lineage as a big-block. Pontiac also gets a little confusing. Take the 389 engine originally introduced in 1959 that many would consider a big-block engine; Pontiac engineers later developed a lower displacement 326 using a smaller bore that would be closer to being considered a small-block in terms of displacement. As you can see from these relatively few descriptions, the distinction between small-block and big-block can be a bit confusing sometimes. But hang in there, Mark, continue to read Car Craft, and you'll be an expert car guy in no time.
LS Rod Bolts
Tim Wusz, Anaheim, CA: I bought a relatively new LS1 engine that has an unclear history. I've changed the cam and decided to make sure that the bottom end is properly torqued before it goes in the car. I know that the head and the harmonic balancer bolts are one-time use but I'm not sure if that includes the rod bolts. What should the torque spec be?
Jeff Smith: According to all of our sources, this is a one-time-use fastener. Early LS '97 to '00 engines used odd-looking bolts with a sleeve and an undercut that LS engine builder Kurt Urban (kurturbanperformance.com) says was cause for many early engine rod bolt failures. GM created a second design, stronger capscrew around 2000. Where much of the confusion lies is with the torque angle spec that is now common with many modern engines. Torque angle, for LS rod bolts as an example, specifies 15 ft-lb of initial torque and then using a torque angle gauge, tightening the bolt another 60 degrees (first design) or 75 degrees (second design). The angle eliminates the effects of friction on bolt torque. Urban says if the engine has run and the rod bolt is loosened or removed, it should be replaced. If you are in doubt, try Urban's trick. Given the initial torque spec of 15 ft-lb, he sets his torque wrench to 35 ft-lb and runs back over all the rod bolts. As long as each factory rod bolt achieves that torque spec, he feels the bolts are sufficiently stretched. If you plan on rebuilding the engine, ARP (arp-bolts.com) and KaTech (katechengines.com) offer superior, high-strength replacement capscrews.
You've got problems? We've got solutions!
Car Craft Mag
6420 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA 90048


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Set in a light and upbeat atmosphere, our delicious meals promise to satisfy the most discerning palate.
Set in a light and upbeat atmosphere, our delicious meals promise to satisfy the most discerning palate.
Premier are nearly there with the very exciting R380 million development of 2 brand new hotels on the same precinct, perfectly situated in Umhlanga on the Ridge and close to Gateway shopping Centre, private hospital and various business parks.
Premier Hotels & Resorts – one of South Africa's fastest growing, independently owned hospitality brands – is leading the charge towards summer 2020 in the SA hospitality industry.
Experience an explosion of visual sensations on our Premier Hotels & Resorts Instagram page. Follow us and share your Premier Experiences by using #staypremier
Dear Valued Guests, loyal Premier Rewards Members and Staff
For many of you the current situation globally around the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, as defined by the World Health Organization, is of grave concern and worrying.
Our thoughts and well wishes go out to all the people and their families who have been affected by this virus and we salute and support all the doctors, healthcare professionals, and volunteers, as well as governments who are working tirelessly to defeat this virus.
We acknowledge and support South Africa's stance as outlined by President Ramaphosa on 15 March 2020, and we are closely monitoring the Department of Health's communication channels, and the World Health Organization's statements. Premier Hotels and Resorts is deeply committed to adhering strictly to South African and global health guidelines expected from us as a corporate citizen. Our guests' and staff health, safety and well-being will always remain our primary concern during stays at our wonderful properties.
Premier takes standards for hygiene and cleanliness very seriously and we are implementing these additional steps to ensure the safety of our guests and staff.
Please contact firstname.lastname@example.com or the General Manager of the respective Premier Hotel or Resort you're staying in or working for, on any specific enquiry you may have.
Your health and safety is of paramount importance to us, always.
On behalf of The Premier Group
You're Welcome and we are here for you!
Premier will be updating our cancellation policy regularly to reflect reality and breaking news around travel restrictions and new developments related to the COVID-19 virus – and to provide our valued guests with peace-of-mind and flexibility. Your ongoing support is important to us.
Premier Cancellation Terms & Conditions (during the current Coronavirus restrictions)
FIT Cancellation Policy (as per STO contract)
Group & Series Cancellation Policy (as per STO contract)
MICE Groups Cancellation Policy (as per your G&C contract)
For more information on the Coronavirus in SA – please visit sacoronavirus.co.za

subset: commoncrawl


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Rocker Spring Plate HD - 2 1/2 x 30-inch Heavy Duty
This Heavy Duty fiberglass rocker spring plate measures 2 1/2" wide x 30" long x .266" thick. These heavy duty plates are .266 instead of the standard .250. Sold individually. See Description and tabs below.
- Buy 4 for $44.10 each and save 10%
- Buy 6 for $41.65 each and save 15%
- Buy 10 for $39.20 each and save 20%
Product Description
This Heavy Duty fiberglass rocker spring plate is 2 1/2" wide x 30" long x .266" thick and can be cut with a hacksaw to make plates longer than the standard 5". Can be spray painted. These heavy duty plates are .266 instead of the standard .250. Click on additional part views to help confirm if this is the item you need.
FIXES: When a swivel rocker rocks too far and risks tipping over backward, it needs new rocker spring plates. Plates wear with normal use and eventually need replacement; this is common. Replacing them is an easy fix to maintain your furniture.
Sold individually. No minimum quantity required; larger quantities are eligible for volume discounts as shown above when applied to the same item, sku and color on the same order.
Shipping Information
This Heavy Duty Rocker Spring Plate - 2 1/2" x 30" is normally in stock and available to ship in 1-3 business days after receipt of payment.
Times indicated under Estimate Shipping & Tax on the cart page are the carriers' estimated time of delivery after shipment; estimated time of delivery counts only the days the carrier delivers and does not include holidays or the day the package is shipped.
• United States Postal Service (USPS) First Class Mail transit times are determined by USPS.
• USPS Priority Mail 2-3 day service may take longer than 2-3 days in some instances.
• USPS Priority Mail International 6-10 day service may take longer in some instances.
• USPS First-Class Package International 7-21 day service may take longer in some instances.
• FedEx delivers to homes Tuesday-Saturday and to businesses Monday-Friday.
Product Reviews
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How To Measure
How To InstallBefore replacing the rocker spring plate, closely examine the assembly of the rocker spring plate, reinforcing metal strap, nuts and bolts. The head of the bolt and the nut should never be installed directly against the rocker spring plate. (Bolts, nuts and reinforcing metal straps not included; re-use those from your swivel rocker.)
Cut with a hacksaw. Use the old plate as a pattern for cutting and drilling holes in the new plate. The thickness of the plates can be doubled, but the rocking action will be more stiff.


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About the Bodmin & Wenford Railway
The Bodmin & Wenford Railway is a heritage railway and the only full-size railway in Cornwall where you can see and ride steam hauled trains. These operate on a 13 mile long railroad from Bodmin Parkway via Bodmin General to Boscarne Junction, enabling passengers to experience the charm and appeal of the 'Steam Era' while enjoying the sight of the Cornish countryside.
Trains operate on the Bodmin & Wenford Railroad throughout the year but run on a daily basis only from May to the end of September. They are typically steam-hauled but the operator reserves the right to use diesel locomotives without prior notice. Next to the 'standard' rides according to a preset schedule/timetable, there are also various special trains and events, a variety of on-site facilities and experiences including the ability to drive a train, while the trains are also available for hire for private parties, celebrations and special occasions.


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Simple question I've yet not found a definitive answer. What's the point of having sharps and flats in music theory?
Well actually that's pretty obvious question if looked from theoretical point of view (ie. moving to smaller increments of fraction from tonic creates dissonance), but I decided to go for that, because I was having hard time paraphrasing this question in a way I meant it. (If that makes any sense?)
I used to have hard time trying to understand music when starting to play until I went down to the very basics: Notes being simply a certain fraction off from tonic that creates the unique tonality of notes and harmonics. That's simple to understand and "unlocked" the idea behind chords, scales and their relationship.
On string instrument that's easy to see, because notes are laid out in logical order. That's the way I learned to play what I can play these days. Never really need to think sharps or flats; they're all just notes and sound different due to their relation to tonic. Rest is just practice how to use them.
It's only turned problematic when I've tried to play with keys. I can't play a thing with those instruments; white and black keys throw me off and I don't know which I should use.
Why does note certain fraction from tonic should be called flat or sharp instead of just a note? Just because it sounds certain way and is further from the "perfect" fractions of the given frequency, or is there something I have missed?


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a tranquil respite in a colorful city... welcome to the Hampton Inn & Suites Austin/Cedar Park-Lakeline, TX. Retreat to a tranquil retreat that is still within easy reach of the cultural and artistic wonders of Austin, the capital city of Texas. The Hampton Inn & Suites® hotel in Austin/Cedar Park-Lakeline, TX is located just minutes from Riata Trace, Amber Oaks, the Arboretum area and the suburbs of Leander and Cedar Park. While in Austin, you'll certainly want to visit the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum at the University of Texas. As well, the State Capitol of Texas, with its breathtaking pink granite statehouse, is certainly worth checking out. Experience nature at the Town Lake Hike and Bike Trail, the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, or nearby Lake Travis. Our hotel in Austin also puts you close to the one-of-a-kind nightlife along famous Sixth Street, with its numerous live music venues-or catch one of the many live music festivals throughout the year. Ask the friendly team at our Austin hotel for more tips on the local sights. services & amenities Here at the Hampton Inn & Suites Austin/Cedar Park-Lakeline, TX, we're passionate about taking good care of you. That's why we offer a broad range of services and amenities to make your stay exceptional. Whether you're planning a corporate meeting or need accommodations for a family reunion or your child's sporting group, we're delighted to offer you easy planning and booking tools to make the process quick and organized. * Meetings & Events * Local Restaurant Guide
Hampton Inn & Suites Austin Cedar Park-Lakeline
10811 Pecan Park Blvd
Austin, Texas, United States


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Nine students ages 7 to 15, including Kate Elliott, 15, of San Carlos and the Sequoia Union High School District, had their day in court last week before a Los Angeles judge and came away with a victory. With the plaintiffs arguing that education quality can be linked to race and wealth, and citing low teacher dismissal rates and legal precedents to show the persistence in California of issues around unequal access to quality education, the court decided for the plaintiffs in Vergara v. California.
Judge Rolf M. Treu, of the Los Angeles County Superior Court, decided on June 10 that tenure rules, which allow teachers to get lifetime job protection after just 18 months, were unconstitutional because they allow ineffective teachers to stay in the system. He suspended the decision pending an appeal by the state.
In their May 2012 complaint, lawyers for the nine students note California's national rankings of 46 among the 50 states in fourth-grade reading and 47 in eighth-grade math. "California's public schools are failing the very children whose interests they are meant to serve," they say. The legal team was from Students Matter, a nonprofit founded by Atherton resident and entrepreneur David Welch.
Along with the state and state Department of Education, the defendants included school districts in Los Angeles, Oakland and San Jose. Among the points made in the complaint:
■ Many states, California not included, have methods for evaluating teachers that are based on "objective evidence" of student growth.
■ In "certain districts," teachers from the bottom quartile of teacher performance are two times to three times more likely to be teaching students of color than is true among their white and Asian peers, a situation that widens the achievement gap "that education is supposed to eliminate."
■ The dismissal rate for unprofessional or unsatisfactory performance is 8 percent in the private sector, 1 percent in other California public agencies, and 0.002 percent among public school teachers.
■ Since race and wealth are shown to correlate to education quality, the lawyers argue, the tenure rules make education quality "a function of the wealth of the children's parents and neighbors."


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So... I've been checking this project for a few years now. First time I heard of it was around 2010 if I recall correctly. Back in the day, even if developement was more "silent" than SWGEmu's one (because of the lack of a TC to play on/test stuff on), videos and information related to it made it look way more solid than Emu's one.
So I kept checking from time to time (once every year), but I must have missed something really important, because it looks quite dead over here, and I feel like we're losing (or lost) something good.
What happened? What went wrong?
I would really appreciate a detailed answer about it, if you dont mind. Thank you for the hard work and dedication!


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1. Typically, I'm not turned off by unlikable characters, but in The Clan of the Cave Bear, I was. Broud was too unlikable and no one else was likable enough to compensate. Which characters did you find to be likable and unlikable?
2. Even though I didn't like the book, the setting captivated and fascinated me. Much of the novel seemed hyper-realistic, but at times the Clan's traditions veered into science fiction. Overall, did you find the novel believable?
3. I think one of the reasons I didn't connect with Ayla was her age. When the novel began, she was a child, and I struggled to identify with her frustrations. What did you think of Ayla as she aged? Did your impressions of her change?
4. What surprised you in this novel?
5. To whom would you recommend this title?
I encourage you to subscribe to the comments for this post to keep up to date. I use a threaded comment system, so you can reply to earlier comments or post new comments. Please feel free to ask questions as well!
Don't forget: check back tomorrow morning to see what I've picked for January 2013!
(hint: it's the first novel written by one of my favorite writers)
As an affiliate, I receive a small commission when you make a purchase through any of the above links. Thank you for helping to support my book habits that bring more content to this blog!
Note: due to an inordinate amount of spam comments on this posts, comments have been disabled.
Note: due to an inordinate amount of spam comments on this posts, comments have been disabled.


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Miley Cyrus' Mom, Boyfriend Cody Simpson Forced Her Into Rehab?
December 3rd, 2019
Miley Cyrus was born Destiny Hope Cyrus on November 23, 1992 to country singer Billy Ray Cyrus and wife Tish Cyrus. She earned her nickname, which she later made her legal name, after everyone would call her "Smiley." The Cyrus family includes younger siblings Braison and Noah, older siblings Brandi and Trace, whom Billy Ray adopted from Tish' previous relationship, along with a half-brother, Christopher, who was born to Billy Ray's ex the same year as Cyrus. Country icon Dolly Parton is Cyrus' godmother.
Partially inspired by her father, Cyrus developed an interest in singing and acting early on. Following the debut of "Hannah Montana" in 2006, in which Cyrus played a pop star living a double life, she became one of the Disney Channel's biggest successes. In 2008, Cyrus scored her first Billboard Top 10 hit with the song "See You Again." She then slowly began experimenting with a more racy image, as seen on a controversial "Vanity Fair" cover with her father, and in her 2009 Teen Choice Awards performance, during which she pole danced.
Following others hits like "7 Things," "The Climb," and "Party in the USA," Cyrus debuted a new sound with her third studio album, "Can't Be Tamed," which was released in 2010, the same year she starred in "The Last Song." The star continued to cause controversy after a leaked video showed her getting high. By the end of 2011, Cyrus was completely separated from the Disney brand.
No longer with the Mouse House-approved Hollywood Records, Cyrus signed with RCA and released her "Bangerz" album in 2013, with the hits "We Can't Stop" and "Wrecking Ball." At the MTV VMAs that year, she and Robin Thicke caused a huge firestorm with a sexually-suggestive performance, and Cyrus continued to push boundaries with nude photo shoots, outlandish concerts, and an outspoken love for marijuana.
Cyrus, however, spent part of 2014 sidelined with serious health woes. She began work on new music in 2015, which she rung in with new boyfriend Patrick Schwarzenegger. He was Cyrus' first relationship since she and "Last Song" co-star Liam Hemsworth ended their engagement in 2013. However, they split up and Cyrus got re-engaged to Hemsworth, with whom she's been for the past few years.
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China's coal control measures, driven by severe air pollution across the country, could help the world avoid catastrophic climate change, according to a new analysis.
The UN IPCC's third working group, meeting in Berlin this week, is expected to conclude that global greenhouse gas emissions grew in the first decade of this century far faster than is consistent with avoiding catastrophic climate change - driven largely by demand for coal from the world's emerging economies, especially China.
But over the past two years severe air pollution across China has led to many policy changes designed to cap or reduce coal use - suggesting the country's coal boom is over. If implemented in full, the measures announced to date could put China's emissions almost in line with a 2 degrees trajectory in 2020. And more action is still expected.
Download the media briefing below:
The End of China's Coal Boom
(Unregistered) Damian
From what I understand, China plans to reduce air pollution by building 16 coal to gas plants on the Tibetan Plateau.
The size of one of them is the size of LA city. They are huge. Coal to gas emitts 82% more greenhouse gasses than just burning coal straight.
2014-05-12 at 7:45
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Hi LAPACK team,
With LAPACK 3.4.1, we have run into a situation where DSYEV returns non-orthogonal eigenvectors. Please see the attached code for reproduction. The repro program computes the maximum difference between V**T * V (where V are the eigenvectors) and identity matrix of the same size. On my computer, the result is:
Maximum difference between V'*V and identity matrix is:
With LAPACK 3.3.1, there is no problem. The maximum difference is in the order of e-14.
It appears recent changes to ila[d,s,c,z]lr.f may have caused this issue. For example, I replaced the iladlr.f with the version from LAPACK 3.3.1, and then the issue is solved.
Duncan Po


text: As NBC Sports Network's Stanley Cup Playoff coverage winds down, the network is transitioning to its key summer coverage to fill the gap until the London Olympics arrive: Major League Soccer. We've long admired NBC's top hockey announcer Doc Emrick for his no-bullshit approach to the game, and it appears that applies to reading on-air promos as well. While Doc tries to dig himself out of the hole as soon as he realizes he's dug it, his point remains: soccer players dive! Ha-ha! (We hope Doc has a chance to watch some MLS this season; you'll see much less diving there than pretty much any other top division in the world.) [NBC Sports]


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|Off-Topic Everything else.
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The Ramble
pretty much this is a thread where anyone can just ... well, ramble. Anything goes!
Complain about your day, vent, tell us about your new dog ....
Well, i'll start ....
Uni is getting to me, i'm extremely stressed and i hate my job....
Work is planning on doing a huge upgrade over the weekend and i can't believe tomorrow is friday and development is still being done. To me, this is unacceptable, development should have stopped, by Wednesday at the very latest. Who seriously puts untested changes into production. sheesh!
It's snowing outside... noooooo!
"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius -- and a lot of courage -- to move in the opposite direction."
Speaking of snow, we played softball in a mini-snowstorm on Tuesday. It's almost freakin' May, and it's still snowing up here. We almost called the game on account of snow ... who's ever heard of that??
Must be global warming.
Wow, there are ~10 threads which got new posts. It looks promising
MS Office - what a joke!
I think i officially hate MS office - even more than i did before...
My university thought it was a great idea to upgrade office on half the machines to office 2007. Now, most machines here have open office as well as MS office so you can really use either. Poor me, the lab i'm in at the moment doesn't have open office so i'm stuck with this 17mb file that i can't open. I used this fantastic service called media convert ( google it ) where you can upload in one format and it will conver it to whatever you want. I converted my stupid file to MS format which took ages, downloaded it now i find out that MS office chokes on huge files like this. It's 'saving' right now and has been doing so for a few minutes.
Another thing, who the hell thought 'ribbons' were a good and useful idea? man, i've never felt so lost in an application before, it's just utterly pathetic! Took me ages to find the save button ... then even longer to find the 'save as' button.
Just use plain text files, any editor will work with those.
If you need fancy stuff, you can use txt2tags or latex.
UNIX was not designed to stop you from doing stupid things, because that would also stop you from doing clever things.
this is uni - i take it you have never been or haven't been in a LONG time if you're saying that
i'd happily hand in txt files for assignments .... it'd be MUCH more efficient. my vi skills are much more advanced than my openoffice/ms office skills
"The basic tool for the manipulation of reality is the manipulation of words. If you can control the meaning of words, you can control the people who must use the words." -Philip K. Dick
"The basic tool for the manipulation of reality is the manipulation of words. If you can control the meaning of words, you can control the people who must use the words." -Philip K. Dick
i just converted my assignment to PDF - 17MB is now a 2.4MB PDF hahaha how sweet
I was going to suggest PDF --glad you did so.
Did you know that in the old days even Philosphy students submitted papers that were created using ex, formatted using nroff, and printed on line printers? Granted, this was Berkeley, but my former wife did so and had no complaints.
I to have a rant about MS Office 2007
At our office I've been running a samba server for like ever, it was one of the first things I've implemented when I started working there. A few weeks ago one of the users told me that for some reason he can't safe his word documents so I had a look at his home dir and all his docs were read only, I though ok this is weird and maybe he did something to them so I fixed it all for him, a few days later he tells me the problem is back. Then this week I needed to use excel for something so I went to one of the computers with MS Office installed and started doing my work, then the same thing happened to me too.
I then decided to look into the problem and it turns out that if you have acl profiling enabled in samba MS Office 2007 safes the file and changes the access to read only.
I thought ok so lets just disable it, problem solved. Yeah right, I was wrong, after I disabled it I had about 10 other users on my back because now Adobe software couldn't safe there stuff.
The solution to my problem was, the people using MS Office have to safe there work on there work station and then at the end of the day they can upload there files to the server. We have more people using Adobe software then MS Office so Adobe won this round.
Maybe this little bug can be fixed in samba, I'll wait for the next version to test it again.
I've always used WordPerfect (which is just so much nicer than MS Office or OpenOffice when it comes to papers longer than 4 pages). WP has one of the nicest "Export to PDF" features. So I used to always turn my papers in as WP documents and PDFs, with a link in my e-mail to the Adobe Reader and Foxit websites.
Got in a few arguments with different profs over it (mostly won by asking if they were going to spend the $800 for a copy of MS Office for me to use just for their class), and lost marks on one assignment, but I really dislike turning in a read/write document format for read-only purposes.
Very aggravating, only happens at one site, and even though the permissions are correct on the Samba server, the permissions in Windows Explorer are read-only.
However M$ has a promotion for uni students to get Office Ultimate (not the academic version) for a *significantly* reduced price (25$ for the yr, 75$ for life - in AU). They have similar discounts for other countries.
http://www.itsnotcheating.com.au (for AU - has links to other countries too)
*Hurry - promotion ends soon
Office is one of the few M$ products I really like. I would never pay full price for it though, given what I'd be using it for.
That said, where I'm not forced to use a particular Word template, I usually use Google docs (or sometimes TeX).
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text:
If you go into the Character menu and look under Attributes, then Knowledge, there's entries for all the different monsters you've learned about.
I know you can learn these entries via Books (level 3/3 knowledge right away) or by killing enough monsters (gradually increases to 3/3).
What I don't know is the value or benefit to this knowledge. Increased damage to those enemies? Increased drops from those enemies (and if so, is that required for certain special craft components) ? Is it just the advice to the player (like don't try to poison Endregas) ?


text:
Subscribe to our e-newsletter mailing list to keep up with NCCCO news and industry headlines.
The person designated by their company or organization to liaise with NCCCO on the test administration matters is know as the Test Site Coordinator. The Test Site Coordinator is responsible for:
The Practical Examination is conducted by a NCCCO-accredited Practical Examiner. An Examiner may test only one candidate on one crane at one time.
Thus, testing a candidate, or several candidates in turn, on one crane, would require one Practical Examiner. Testing two candidates simultaneously on separate cranes would require two Practical Examiners, and so on. If you need assistance on selecting a Practical Examiner, contact NCCCO.
Only accredited Practical Examiners are permitted to request score sheets from NCCCO. These must be requested at least two weeks prior to the intended test date.
Proctors are volunteers who assist the Practical Examiner in the administration of exams. The Test Site Coordinator is responsible for assigning one proctor per Practical Examiner to assist during the test. Proctors are under the direction of the Practical Examiner during the test administration. Candidates waiting to take the Practical Exam are permitted to serve as Proctors during operator Practical Exams. Proctors as to the scope of their responsibilities, which include:
Proctors must not give any verbal instructions to the candidates during the actual test administration, nor do any recording on the candidate score sheet.
Copyright, 1995-2019. All rights reserved.


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Get a taste of what it's like to be an archaeologist, biologist or astromathematician while exploring the world of the ancient Maya. An archaeological team has mysteriously disappeared from a dig site in Palenque, Mexico. They had been investigating a long-standing rumor that a priceless jade medallion is buried in the temple there. However, something horrifying has scared them off. Luckily, in their haste to escape, they managed to leave behind a video with clues and a warning to all who come after. The original team has left behind valuable information in the field stations that they constructed. Student Archaeologists must uncover the mystery of the dig site and find the priceless treasure. Visitors will have fun learning about science, language and history with hands-on immersive activities!
201 10th St W
Bradenton, FL 34205
United States
Click here for a map


text:
BluesBeat Playlist 1236-06/01/19
BluesBeat Est. 1994
The Latest And Best In Blues Music
Fleurieu FM 89.3 & 94.7 VICTOR HARBOR S.A.
BluesBeat is heard nationwide from 4-5am on the Community Radio Network (AEST-Melbourne/Sydney time) Sunday morning.
Playlist #1236
CRN syndicated Community Radio Stations around Australia - AIR DATE - Sunday January 6th 2019 4-5am Australian EST (Sydney / Melbourne)
Also on Fleurieu FM Victor Harbor SA Fri 10:30pm EST
#Denotes Blues CD of The Week
Latest BluesBeat Radio's Cloudcasts on Mixcloud
Your Host: Geoff Pegler mailto:pegler@bluesbeatradio[remove before sending].com
BluesBeat Online Library cloud.collectorz.com/bluesbeat/music/
BluesBeat Audio Archive www.mixcloud.com/bluesbeatradio/
Australian Blues & Roots Top 25 monthly chart
Return to main page
BluesBeat proudly uses Music Collector from Collectorz.com to prepare these playlists.


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Pinhole Artist Collective: be.still
PLATFORM Centre for Photographic + Digital Arts, Jan. 18-Feb. 16.
121-100 Arthur St.
Tues-Sat., 12-5 p.m.
Solargraph workshop with members of the PAC: Feb. 2, 12-5 p.m., $45
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 23/1/2013 (2631 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
I'll admit that I have a sentimental attachment to "traditional" (analog, film-based) photography, but I can't pretend the transition to digital hasn't been a positive one -- for the most part.
My grandmother had a black-and-white darkroom in the attic of her house in upstate New York that we'd visit most summers, accessible by way of a three-metre ladder. I did my own black-and-white processing and printing through high school. I miss skulking around under the red and amber safelights, watching images materialize as if by magic in shallow, smelly chemical baths. I miss the post-vacation ritual of picking up the drugstore prints, tearing open the envelope in the back seat, uncertain and excited to see what turned out.
I think I last had film developed 10 years ago.
Digital is cheap, immediate, leaves comparably little to either skill or chance, and perfectly suits the way most of us actually use photographs on a daily basis, and if you're feeling nostalgic, there are apps and filters to add back in the scratches, light-leaks, and wonky colouring that digital SLRs and cellphone cams erased.
I can acknowledge the benefits of leaving film behind, but some things did get lost in the transition that Instagram can't quite replace. In hopes of recovering them, the Pinhole Artists Collective -- a rotating crew of notable Winnipeg photographers whose current exhibition at Platform Centre, be.still, coincides with the launch of their book, Collecting Light -- return to some of photography's earliest, most basic forms.
Any light-proof box with a hole on one side to serve a rudimentary lens can be a camera, whether it's an oatmeal canister or a spare bedroom (I've done it with both because I make my own fun.) Light passes through the "lens" and lands on the opposite wall as a perfect, projected image of whatever's outside. Put a piece of light-sensitive film or paper in its path, and you've made a photograph. It's basic physics; it's bonkers, and its simplicity and directness are what lend analog photography its unique, almost "magical" aura of authenticity.
Members of the collective use self-made "pinhole cameras" based on these principles to create lasting documents of the world around them. The images featured in the show are everyday scenes of buildings, plants and landscapes, but the idiosyncrasies of the crude devices used to make them yield surprising results. Buckles in the film result in funhouse-mirror distortions and reflections, while stray beams of light create streaks and haloes of vivid colour. Long exposure times and imperfect optics make for dreamlike blurring effects and stuttering double-exposures, and, for the most part, this is all well beyond the photographer's control.
The exhibition is, in essence, a collection of happy and genuinely satisfying accidents, but the book features images that are even more surprising. "Solargraphs," made with pinhole cameras wedged among tree branches or duct-taped to eavestroughs, "capture light" for weeks or even months. The exposures are so long that you see not just the trail of the sun as it passes, but an array of arcing bands that show its changing height in the sky across whole seasons.
If all this just seems needlessly antiquated (to say nothing of inefficient), that's fair enough. For the rest of us nerds, there's a workshop to make our own solargraph cameras on Feb. 2 -- and again in September to see how the pictures turn out.
Steven Leyden Cochrane is an Winnipeg-based artist, writer, and educator from Tampa, Fla.
Pinhole Artist Collective: be.still
PLATFORM Centre for Photographic + Digital Arts, Jan. 18-Feb. 16.
121-100 Arthur St.
Tues-Sat., 12-5 p.m.
Solargraph workshop with members of the PAC: Feb. 2, 12-5 p.m., $45
Updated on Friday, January 25, 2013 at 11:18 AM CST: Adds colour photographs.
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Posts Tagged 'The March'
E. L. Doctorow's The March and The Whiskey Rebels: A Novel by David Liss
Two new fiction works have made their way to my library. The March by E. L. Doctorow. This book was required reading for the Yale course by David W. Blight on the Civil War era which I mentioned here. I picked up a nice hardback used and am listening to it on my MP3 via download from the library.
- Author: E. L. Doctorow
- Hardcover: 363 pages
- Publisher: Random House (September 20, 2005)
- Language: English
- 384 pages
Second, I have The Whiskey Rebels: A Novel by David Liss which I ordered on my new Kindle 2 only. I may pick up a used copy at some point. As I mentioned in my post on the Kindle, I can also listen to The Whiskey Rebels: A Novel via text-to-speech capabilities on the Kindle.
- Author: David Liss
- Format: Kindle Edition
- Publisher: Random House; 1 edition (September 30, 2008)
- Language: English
- File Size: 443 KB
- Print Length: 544 pages


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Ckirin brauchte ein neues Print oder Verpackung Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 16 Designs von 5 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
Mrs. Maricopa County - Kirin Christianson
My brand is approachable, vibrant, savvy. I see the beauty in everyone and everything and I have a sunny disposition. I'm also an ambitious business woman who balances family, business, and volunteering in the community. I love to help mothers gain employment so they can provide for their families. I work with an amazing organization called Dress For Success. With them I help homeless women, women who have left abusive relationships, and seniors who are trying to suddenly support themselves. I also love glamour and beauty. And my family is my first love.
I'm competing to represent Arizona's married women. Think family friendly, with a glamorous bent. Keeping in mind my personal brand - approachable, vibrant, savvy.
- Final Must be saved in PDF using press quality settings
- Exact measurements = 7.5" x 10" in a portrait (vertical) orientation.
- Black and White only (bummer, I know....but that's why I need YOUR help and expertise).
- Digital files must be 300 dpi at size
* Please make the headshot (purple dress) the main focus
- include title (Mrs. Maricopa County),
- include name (Kirin Christianson),
- include Red Haute Mama logo (attached) and website - http://www.RedHauteMama.com
- include Integrative Health logo (attached) and website - http://www.myintegrativehealth.com
- include the Dress for Success logo (attached) and website - http://www.dressforsuccess.org
- **Bonus points if you can use a small photo of my "before" shot (short hair and braces) and write, "From Ordinary....." and then next to the purple dress (make a larger shot) write "....to Extraordinary!"
- Also write "Teaching women to look and feel amorous, glamorous, and flat out fabulous!"**
- I prefer clean and simple designs with some sort of "Wow" factor to them.
- Thank you so much! Really looking forward to what you come up with! Wishing you a beautiful day! Thanks again. Warmly,


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NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 2 (UPI) -- Four modern-era players, including Cris Carter, Larry Allen, Jonathan Ogden and Warren Sapp, were elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame Saturday.
Also getting the nod for enshrinement at Canton, Ohio, were Coach Bill Parcells and senior nominees Curley Culp and Dave Robinson.
The announcements were made in New Orleans on the eve of Super Bowl XLVII, pitting San Francisco against Baltimore.
Carter, an eight-time Pro Bowl selection with the Philadelphia, Minnesota and Miami from 1987-2002, made it in his sixth year as a finalist. He compiled 1,101 receptions with 13,899 yards and 130 touchdowns over his 16-year career.
Ogden earned 11 Pro Bowl selections during his 12 NFL seasons as an offensive lineman, all spent with Baltimore. He was the team's first-ever draft pick in 1996.
Allen, another offensive lineman, also earned 11 trips to the Pro Bowl while playing 12 seasons with Dallas.
Sapp -- a seven-time Pro Bowl pick at defensive end -- played for Tampa Bay and Oakland from 1995-2007, and was named the 1999 NFL Defensive Player of the Year with the Buccaneers.
Parcells, meanwhile, coached the New York Giants to two Super Bowl wins, as well as leading New England, New York Jets and Dallas into the playoffs while compiling a 172-130-1 record.


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A person whispers, "Clouds are so terrifying." And one responds, "Both in life and as a word in a poem, the cloud is the thing to keep at hand, to symbol that you'll never know really what'll happen, when it'll come, yet with a little bit of rhythm, rolling it around in one's hand can do so much good."
Katie Byrum in her poems in iO has pulled it off perfectly, these glorious uses of the cloud, the moments they are captured within, the moments they capture and let out of themselves.
from [BEACH HOUSE}
Today there was a purple cloud wandering through the other weather. I pined
for this cloud, groping my way back home, retreating from the litter of dead
jellyfish, the small globes of their bodies, mottled like sealskin.
The synapses still firing and twitching a heartbeat. Hesitate to touch
but desire to feel the sleek back of a being all mind and arms
ungathering. And heartless. Shining the sky back to itself.


text:
Track Operator Donates $700,000+
Published: December 17, 2012 3:12 pm ET
No Comments | Jump to Comments
American Racing and Entertainment, which runs Tioga Downs and Vernon Downs in Upstate New York, proudly announced today that total contributions to charities in 2012 reached in excess of $700,000.
A few of the highlights for charitable donations in 2012 included concerts at both properties where all ticket proceeds benefited local Veterans groups around the area. Tioga Downs was able to raise more than $39,000 for Veterans in the local area from the Oak Ridge Boys concert proceeds, while Vernon Downs raised more than $36,000 from their America Concert.
Tioga Downs, Vernon Downs, and Jeff Gural, Chairman of American Racing and Entertainment together donated $200,000 to aid in the Hurricane Sandy relief effort in New York and New Jersey.
Jeff Gural, Chairman of American Racing and Entertainment also donated 2,300 tickets to the Bruce Springsteen concert held at Vernon Downs in August to the USO. The tickets, which were valued at over $200,000, were distributed to soldiers at Fort Drum in the New York National Guard and Coast Guard. The donation was the largest, personal one-time donation to the USO in the last 15 years.
"Giving back to the surrounding communities is one of our main focuses for Tioga Downs and Vernon Downs. We host benefit concerts every year to support our Veterans, which I believe are often unappreciated for their efforts to all of us Americans. I am also proud of our customers, employees, and our company for being able to help raise $100,000 per property to aid in the Hurricane Sandy relief effort and help those families impacted by the destruction" said Jeff Gural, Chairman of American Racing and Entertainment.


text: Pete Eckert is a photographer. He's also blind after suffering from Retinitis Pigmentosa. The video above shows his amazing photography process—from composing, snapping to processing in the dark room. Eckert is doing something he loves, even if most of us would foolishly assume he couldn't. Check out Pete Eckert's website here. [Pete Eckert via Neatorama]


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Matrix Basketball
-- 2006 Highlights--
Welcome to the homepage for 2006 Matrix highlights. Click on the applicable highlight story at left to view the Matrix highlight.
2006 Summer League
Thursday, August 10
Matrix Teams Finish Strong Summer 2006 on the Court
Tuesday, August 29
Sun Gazette Features Matrix 2006 Summer Teams
Friday, July 14
Matrix Teams Looking Strong at Season's Midway Point
Thursday, August 10
Matrix Summer League Teams Finish Great 2006 Season on the Court -- More Information
Tuesday, June 27
Matrix 10U Teams Take Home 2nd Place Trophy in Syracuse
Tuesday, April 25
Matrix Spring Teams Sport New Threads
Friday, June 16
Matrix 9U Fall 26-33 to Regional Champs Fairfax Stars in Back and Forth Game; See Pictures
Tuesday, March 14
Seven Matrix Players Named to FCYBL All-League Teams; Two Matrix Coaches Voted MVC (See Photo)
2006 AAU Season
New Privacy Policy


text:
Notice: On April 23, 2014, Statalist moved from an email list to a forum, based at statalist.org.
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
Re: st: problems with installing the quaids command
Khalida Akhtar Choudhury <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Re: st: problems with installing the quaids command
Fri, 31 Aug 2012 18:09:35 +0100
I'm using a university library computer so can't manually paste the
ado files into the c drive.
On 31 August 2012 18:03, Nick Cox <email@example.com> wrote:
> Same answer, more or less. You don't install commands by trying to run
> them. You haven't indicated where -quaids- is to be found, so I can't
> help you install it.
> Nick
> On Fri, Aug 31, 2012 at 6:00 PM, Khalida Akhtar Choudhury
> <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote:
>> I have done, I first tried with the food data, I opened the data and
>> then all the do files. I then wrote
>> quaids w1-w4, prices(p1-p4) anot(10) exp(expfd)
>> gen nkids = int(runiform()*3)
>> gen rural= (runiform()>.5)
>> quaids w1-w4, prices(p1-p4) anot(10) exp(expfd) demo(nkids rural)
>> quaids w1-w4, prices(p1-p4) anot(10) exp(expfd) demo(nkids) noquadratic
>> I still get unrecognized command quaids
>> On 31 August 2012 17:53, Nick Cox <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote:
>>> Brian Poi of StataCorp is a member of Statalist and can no doubt
>>> comment definitively, but a short provisional guess is that you cannot
>>> run -quaids-, whatever it is precisely, because you have not installed
>>> it from wherever it is published. This command, if it is one, is not
>>> part of official Stata and must be installed on your machine before
>>> you can run it.
>>> Nick
>>> On Fri, Aug 31, 2012 at 5:20 PM, Khalida Akhtar Choudhury
>>> <email@example.com> wrote:
>>>> Everytime I try to run the quaids command, recently published by poi,
>>>> or maybe is still in the process of being published, I get the error
>>>> message quaids, unrecognised command quaids. I am using stata 12,
>>>> nevertheless i still have this problem.
> *
> * For searches and help try:
> * http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
> * http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
> * http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
* For searches and help try:
* http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
* http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
* http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/


text:
Assigning subjects to groups in a controlled trial.
Randomization was long considered the best way to allocate subjects to the treatment and control groups, but it is now apparent that nonrandom allocation aimed specifically at minimizing differences in group means of subject characteristics is superior (Scott et al., 2002). Software is available for such allocation in the kind of clinical trial where each subject is allocated immediately on recruitment (e.g., Evans et al., 2004). However, many clinical and nonclinical trials offer the opportunity to enhance minimization by allocation after all subjects have been recruited, and I have been unable to find software for this approach. In this article I explain the basis of randomization and minimization, I explain why subject characteristics should be included in the analysis as covariates regardless of the method of allocation, and I provide spreadsheets for allocation based on minimization during and after subject recruitment.
In a randomized controlled trial subjects are allocated to groups in a random fashion, with the aim of making each group sample representative of the population. When this aim is fulfilled, the effect of the treatment in each group can be assumed to apply to the population generally, apart from the usual sampling uncertainty that is dealt with using confidence limits or other inferential statistics. One way in which the aim is not fulfilled occurs when the mean value of a subject characteristic in a group differs from the population mean (e.g., the group is heavier than the population average). If the effect of the treatment depends on the subject characteristic (e.g., greater reduction in blood cholesterol in heavier overweight subjects), the mean effect of the treatment in the group will differ substantially from the mean effect in the population. The resulting error in the estimate of the effect of the treatment depends on what happens in the comparison group.
At one extreme, the subject characteristic has no effect on the reference treatment (e.g., Figure 1), a possible scenario when the reference treatment is an ineffective placebo or low-dose treatment. The inaccuracy in the estimate of the effect will therefore depend only on the difference between the population and active treatment means of the characteristic. With randomized allocation the typical difference between these means is the standard error of the active-treatment mean, SD/[square root of (n)], where SD is the standard deviation of the characteristic in the population and n is the group sample size. In standardized units, the typical difference is therefore simply 1/[square root of (n)]. When n is <25, the standardized difference between the sample and population means is therefore typically >0.20, the widely accepted default for smallest important differences. I will discuss shortly whether this difference will have a substantial effect on the outcome. Meanwhile consider the typical difference between the means with allocation by minimization (not shown in the figure). If minimization is perfect, there is no difference between the group means of the subject characteristic, so the typical difference of a group mean from the population mean is given by the standard error of the mean of a sample of size 2n with two groups, 3n with three groups, and so on. Thus, the standardized difference between a group mean and the population mean is substantial only when the sample size in each group is <25/2 with two groups, <25/3 with three groups, and so on. Minimization clearly allows for smaller sample sizes but does not eliminate the error arising from the sample mean being different from the population mean.
Now consider the outcome at another extreme, when the subject characteristic has the same effect on the active and comparison treatments (e.g., Figure 2), a possible scenario when two active treatments are compared. With randomization the inaccuracy depends on the typical difference in the means of the two groups, which is therefore [square root of (2)].SD[square root of (n)] (because the groups are independent and each has the same standard error of the mean, SD[square root of (n)]). The standardized difference is therefore [square root of (2/n)], which is >0.20 when n is <50. Perfect minimization, on the other hand, results in no difference between the means and therefore completely eliminates the effect of the subject characteristic (not shown in the figure).
Some controlled trials are more susceptible than others to errors arising from different group means of subject characteristics. The worst design in this respect is the post-only parallel groups, where the dependent variable is measured once only, after the treatment. This kind of design is required if the outcome is a new event (e.g., illness, death) or a count of new events (e.g., injuries, wins), although it can also be used for continuous dependent variables-see the article on a controlled-trial decision tree for more (Batterham and Hopkins, 2005a). It is not unusual to have a substantial correlation between a characteristic and the dependent variable, and this correlation multiplied by the standardized group mean difference becomes the error in the treatment effect (because [DELTA]Y/SDy = r.[DELTA]X/SDx, where Y is the dependent variable, X is the subject characteristic, and r is the correlation coefficient). This kind of design ideally requires hundreds of subjects, which automatically reduces the impact of subject characteristics to a trivial level when allocation is by randomization. Minimization is nevertheless advisable, especially if the analysis involves comparisons of subgroups with less than the optimal numbers of subjects.
In the more common pre-post parallel groups design (the kind exemplified by the data in Figures 1 and 2), there has to be a sufficiently large correlation between the characteristic and the change score of the dependent variable for the error to be appreciable. Such correlations are likely to be less frequent than those between the characteristic and the raw score of the dependent, but in general there is no way of knowing at the design stage whether there is such a correlation. Minimization is therefore still advisable.
The controlled trials with the smallest errors arising from group-mean subject characteristics are crossovers, because there would have to be an interaction between the subject characteristic and any order effect in the efficacy of the treatment. On the other hand, sample sizes with a post-only crossover can be much smaller than those in the pre-post parallel-groups design (down to one quarter as many), so the differences between group means will be typically greater. Once again, minimization when allocating subjects to groups (here, those defined by the order of treatments) is a sensible precaution.
I have used the term error and avoided bias thus far when referring to the effect of imbalance in subject characteristics on a treatment effect. Bias would be appropriate if the effect turned up on average as an over-estimate or under-estimate, but differences in group means of subject characteristics arising from random allocation of subjects must be zero on average; the error arising from differences in group means therefore must also be zero on average. In other words, subject characteristics may modify the effect of a treatment, but if you haven't measured them, they can't be said to bias the outcome. Once a subject characteristic is measured and found to have different group mean values, it is perhaps acceptable to state that the particular effect of the treatment you observed could be biased by the particular difference in the means of the subject characteristic. You could also state that the effect of the treatment could be confounded by the characteristic, but arguably bias and confounding should be used when a method of subject allocation produces only consistent differences in group means.
A more important technical point relates to inferences about differences in group-mean characteristics. As I pointed out in my article on controlled trials (Hopkins, 2006), the impact of the difference you observe is what matters, and it does not make sense to calculate the confidence interval or p value for the differences. Evaluate the magnitude of the difference using standardization, but do not assert whether the difference is clear or statistically significant.
While it should now be obvious that minimization of differences in group means of characteristics can result in better precision in the estimate of a treatment effect, it is less obvious that the calculated width of the confidence interval is on average the same as that with randomization when the analysis does not account for the differences in means. Decisions about the clinical, practical, mechanistic or statistical significance of an effect are based on the width of the confidence interval or on the underlying probability distribution of the true value of the effect (Batterham and Hopkins, 2005b; Hopkins, 2007a), so better precision with minimization has to be apparent as a narrower confidence interval for minimization to be worth the effort.
One way to take the effect of subject characteristics into account is to include them as covariates in the analysis. Without minimization, inclusion of a covariate adjusts away the error arising from differences in the means (or in the case of the outcome in Figure 1, the analysis reduces the effect of the difference between the group and population means). Inclusion of a covariate also improves precision by accounting for the otherwise unexplained variance associated with the covariate. With minimization there is the same gain in precision from accounting for unexplained variance, but because there is little or no difference in group means, the adjustment for the difference involves little or no extrapolation with the linear covariate term. Precision is therefore overtly a little better following adjustment with minimization than with randomization; more importantly, the adjusted estimate is less sensitive to violation of the assumption of linearity of the effect of the covariate.
Another way to account for minimization in the analysis is available when assignment is performed after all subjects have been recruited. The spreadsheet I have devised for such assignment gives primary importance to minimizing differences between the means of one characteristic, first by ranking the subjects on this characteristic, then by assigning each subject in a cluster of contiguous subjects to each group. This process effectively makes each cluster of values into those of a single subject (the cluster) with repeated measurement (the values with the different treatments within the cluster). An analysis that takes this extra level of repeated measurement into account produces narrower confidence intervals than the usual analysis: in essence, the confidence interval for the difference in the effect of the treatment between groups should be based on the paired t statistic rather than the unpaired t statistic. My spreadsheet for analysis of pre-post crossovers (Hopkins, 2006) will perform such comparisons, as will appropriate mixed modeling and repeated-measures ANOVA.
In pre-post parallel-groups studies with assignment after recruitment, the most important characteristic to minimize should almost invariably be the baseline value of the dependent variable. If the random error in this variable is an appreciable proportion of between subject differences (that is, the variable has moderate to low reliability), the baseline values have a substantial artifactual negative correlation with the change scores known as regression to the mean. Minimizing this characteristic eliminates the error arising from regression to the mean; analyzing with the paired t statistic or a mixed model reveals the narrower confidence interval; and including the baseline value as a covariate reveals any real effect of the baseline on the effect on the treatment. The gain in precision depends on the error of measurement relative to the true (error-free) between-subject SD at baseline: if the error is large (i.e., the dependent variable is very unreliable), the confidence interval is narrower by a factor of 1/[square root of (2)](=0.71); if the error is small, there is no gain in precision. I performed simulations analyzed with mixed modeling in a SAS program to check these assertions in the special case of a dependent variable with no real differences between subjects in the baseline test (which gives the most regression to the mean) and with minimization of the baseline means in two groups. Analysis of the Type 0 error for the eight different kinds of analysis showed that the confidence intervals were either accurate, a little conservative (too wide), or very conservative (in the case of minimization followed by analysis without pairing or adjusting). I got similar results with simulations using a spreadsheet to generate the data and my controlled-trial spreadsheets for the analyses, although I did find that the pre-post crossover spreadsheet produced confidence intervals that were too narrow in the case of minimized groups with the baseline included as a covariate. I presume this result indicates a failure of least-squares estimation but not restricted maximum likelihood (the basis of mixed modeling) in this special case, arising from violation of the assumption of independence. See below for links to the SAS simulations and to the spreadsheet simulations.
Finally, some details on how my minimiza tion spreadsheets work... I have already mentioned that I use the rank of the most important subject characteristic as the basis of the spreadsheet for allocation after all subjects have been recruited. The ranking is achieved using the Sort operation in Excel. The spreadsheet prompts the user to assign each subject within a cluster to the group that minimizes standardized differences between the means of the developing groups. Assignment of a cluster of subjects alternates between each end of the sorted list of subjects and gradually moves towards the center, a strategy I found to be more effective than assigning progressively from one end of the sorted data. The spreadsheet minimizes means of up to six numeric characteristics in up to five groups. Nominal characteristics representing sex (male vs female) or the presence or absence of a characteristic (e.g., sedentary vs active) are coded as 0 or 1, and for the purpose of minimizing standardized differences these characteristics are treated as if they are continuous. Nominal variables with three or more levels (e.g., SPORT with levels cycle, run, swim) need to be coded using two or more of the six variables as binary variables. The method is explained in the spreadsheets. Note that if estimation of the effects for each sex or for each level of the nominal variable is a priority, it is preferable to pre-sort subjects by sex or by the levels of the nominal variable, then perform separate assignments for each sex or level.
The spreadsheet for assigning subjects as they are recruited also works by minimizing standardized differences, but ranking by any characteristic is, of course, impossible; thus all characteristics are given equal importance. To give one characteristic (e.g., baseline values of the dependent variable) twice as much importance as the other characteristics, include its values as two variables with identical values.
Other minimization software is based on dichotomizing each characteristic (e.g., age becomes young and old) and then assigning each subject to the group with the smallest total of characteristics that are the same as the subject's characteristics. For more details see Altman and Bland (2005). My method is superior in principle, especially when covariates are analyzed as continuous variables, but I suspect that any differences in outcome between the various methods will be trivial.
Each spreadsheet includes a panel that simu lates values of subject characteristics to help the user to learn how to use the spreadsheet and to allow me to check that it performed adequately, which I have done with various sample sizes, numbers of characteristics and numbers of subjects (see below). Sampling variation occasionally results in standardized differences between means that are larger than those expected by chance with randomization (values for which are shown in the summary spreadsheet), but on average the differences are about half those expected with randomization. With allocation after recruitment the most important characteristic is particularly well minimized.
In his review of this article, Alan Batterham mentioned that the minim software program allows for minimization with unequal proportions of subjects in each group. He pointed out to me that researchers might opt for a relatively smaller proportion in a group with an aversive treatment, even though to maintain precision an overall larger sample size is required. Similarly, researchers might opt for a larger proportion in a group with a potentially beneficial treatment, if subjects are reluctant to volunteer with only a 50/50 chance of receiving that treatment. A simple way to achieve proportions of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 3:2 with my spreadsheets is to assign subjects to more than two groups then merge two or more groups.
Acknowledgments. Dan Becque and Emma Hawke provided feedback on the spreadsheets. Patria Hume provided feedback on a draft of the article.
Reviewer's Commentary
Spreadsheets for Minimization
MinimizeMeansAfterRecruit.xls: use when allocating subjects to groups after recruiting all subjects (or all subjects in each cohort).
MinimizeMeansAsRecruit.xls: use when allocating each subject to a group for treatment as soon as the subject is recruited.
Other Files
Spreadsheet to generate data in Figures 1 and 2: a slightly modified version of a spreadsheet in the article on understanding stats via simulations (Hopkins, 2007b).
Spreadsheet of results of simulations: to check effectiveness of the minimization spread sheets. This zip file has the slightly modified versions of the minimization spreadsheets used to generate these data.
SAS program and listing (Word docs): simulations to check outcomes of various kinds of analysis with random assignment and with assignment after recruitment to minimize the baseline means of the dependent variable in a pre-post parallel groups controlled trial.
Spreadsheet simulations (zip file): similar to the above SAS program and listing. The master file is GenerateAndAssignSubjects.xls. This file links to the controlled-trial spreadsheets, which you should open first but not modify.
Altman DG, Bland JM (2005). Treatment allocation by minimisation. British Medical Journal 330, 843
Batterham AM, Hopkins WG (2005a). A decision tree for controlled trials. Sportscience 9, 33-39
Batterham AM, Hopkins WG (2005b). Making meaningful inferences about magnitudes. Sportscience 9, 6-13
Evans S, Royston P, Day S (2004). Minim: allocation by minimisation in clinical trials. http://wwwusers.york.ac.uk/~mb55/guide/minim.htm
Hopkins WG (2006). Spreadsheets for analysis of controlled trials, with adjustment for a subject characteristic. Sportscience 10, 46-50
Hopkins WG (2007a). A spreadsheet for deriving a confidence interval, mechanistic inference and clinical inference from a p value. Sportscience 11, 16-20
Hopkins WG (2007b). Understanding statistics by using spreadsheets to generate and analyze samples. Sportscience 11, 23-36
Hopkins WG (2008). Research designs: choosing and fine-tuning a design for your study. Sportscience 12, 12-21
Scott NW, McPherson GC, Ramsay CR, Campbell MK (2002). The method of minimization for allocation to clinical trials. a review. Controlled Clinical Trials 23, 662-674
Published May 2010 [C]2010
Will G Hopkins
Sport and Recreation, AUT University, Auckland 0627, New Zealand. Email. Reviewer: Alan M Batterham, School of Health
and Social Care, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK.
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14 November, 2011
Great show in SpainThat was a great concert, great band support and Bono was in a great form. I remember Bono singing Kite crying, he was 6 metres in front of me and also in Until the end of the world kissing the journalist was a great moment. NY was a great song that night also.


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Originally Posted by MonL
How about a US$ 9.00 Converse, leather to boot. Bought them from a Converse Outlet Store going to Seattle.
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Originally Posted by MonL
How about a US$ 9.00 Converse, leather to boot. Bought them from a Converse Outlet Store going to Seattle.
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Understand? / ¿Entiendes?
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Understand? / ¿Entiendes?
Basta huwag lang isuot pag umuulan. ;DOriginally Posted by danny
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