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Help & Info
Contact us
About Brittany Ferries
Onboard Wi-Fi
Brittany Ferries & the Environment
Disabled passengers
Cookie policy
Privacy policy
Ferry Terms & Conditions
Holiday Terms & Conditions
Website Terms & Conditions
PETS Travel Scheme
Rights of Passengers
Travelling with children
What to expect when you travel with us
Travelling as a foot passenger
- Contact us
Holiday Terms & Conditions
In addition to our ferry booking conditions which are available on request or on our website, holidays comprising arranged accommodation though us, other than on board accommodation, are subject to these conditions.
Your holiday is supplied by BAI SA 'Brittany Ferries' through its UK subsidiary BAI (UK) Limited and for holidays booked in Ireland your holiday is supplied by BAI SA 'Brittany Ferries' through its Irish subsidiary BAI Ireland Limited, at the time we confirm your booking by providing your booking reference. In all cases all holidays are subject to availability as are any promotional fare types offered in conjunction with holiday accommodation. Brittany Ferries is the organiser of any package holiday booked through us for the purposes of the Package and Linked Travel Arrangements Regulations 2018.
We provide full financial protection for our package holidays through a bond held with the Association of British Travel Agents, for more information please visit www.abta.com. For bookings made in Ireland, in such circumstances, any monies due would be refunded to you by the Commission for Aviation Regulation, through a bond taken out by us with one of the major clearing banks. If abroad, return travel would be arranged to Ireland by the Commission for Aviation Regulation. Accommodation prices for clients booking in Ireland should be converted at 1.18 to give the correct price in euros and any other values unless specified otherwise. Whilst we take great care in the compilation of this brochure, prices or details may change after the brochure is printed. We will bring to your attention any material changes at the point of booking or if notified later, as soon as we ourselves are made aware. For overnight crossings to France and on our Spanish and Irish services, a cabin or reclining seat must be pre-booked whilst availability remains. Bookings without on board accommodation will only be accepted on our French routes after all such accommodation has been reserved. Luggage sizes in public areas on our high speed services are limited to 45cm (equivalent to hand luggage at airports), all other luggage will be stored remotely for the duration of the crossing.
We will not carry passengers under the age of 16 unless an adult of 18 years or over accompanies them. At the time of booking the following information will be required where applicable: vehicle registration number, passengers' first names, surnames and dates of birth. All departure/arrival times are estimated and are local - please refer to your documents. Documents are only valid for the sailing dates/times indicated unless otherwise specified. On board facilities vary depending on route, vessel, dates and time of travel. Please note that smoking is only permitted on outside decks with the exception of the Normandie Express which is completely non-smoking. You should also comply with any smoking restrictions at your holiday accommodation.
All departure/arrival times are local - please refer to your documents. Sailing schedules may be interrupted and/or crossing times extended or changed without notice to you due to adverse weather conditions, tidal conditions, unforeseen operational or technical reasons beyond our control. It may be necessary to use alternative ships on any sailing or to change/withdraw the facilities/services available for various operational, technical or scheduling reasons. If changes in route, facilities or timing advised before outward travel date and before boarding are not acceptable to you and you choose not to travel then a full refund of the unused elements of your holiday cost will be made. Similarly, if a pre-paid facility such as on board accommodation is unavailable or provided to a lower category then the appropriate price difference will be refunded. We will try to notify you, if practicable in advance, using the contact number provided at the time of booking. We cannot accept liability for any losses, damages or expenses arising or any consequential losses howsoever caused as a result of the cancellation, diversion or delay of the ship where 'force majeure', or matters outside of our control apply, for example, extreme weather conditions, unforeseen technical breakdown to ship or port facilities, strike action or blockade of ports. If these circumstances become apparent after boarding or at sea our priority is to deliver you safely to the most appropriate port. In these situations our liability will be limited to a refund of the appropriate portion of fare if returned to the country of departure or fare differential if delivered to a different port to that originally planned. In all cases outlined above the refund of the appropriate portion of the fare paid will be the total extent of our liability to you. We shall not be liable for any losses, damages, expenses or any consequential losses howsoever arising.
You should have personal and medical travel insurance and are responsible for ensuring that the cover is adequate for your needs. You should check with your own insurance whether you are covered for damages you may cause to persons or property whilst abroad as you will be liable for any such damage.
The transport of small domestic pets to or from France or Spain must be in accordance with the relevant requirements of the countries concerned and a charge is made for their transportation. Please seek advice from your vet. It is a requirement that dogs (excluding assistance dogs) must wear a muzzle at all times when in the terminal, on board, being exercised and transferred to their kennel etc. It is the responsibility of the animal's escort to obtain and comply with current regulations for the transport of animals. If any problem arises with the transportation of a pet which requires the use of quarantine facilities upon arrival in Ireland or the UK, then the pet's owner/escort will be fully responsible for these expenses. Please note pets are not allowed in swimming pools.
A deposit of £50 per person (€80 per person on Ireland-France or Ireland-Spain route). When you secure a booking we will issue a document that sets out the details and provides other information. On issuing your document, the contract will take effect. Any monies paid to your travel agent are held by the agent on your behalf until we issue our confirmation invoice, after which your travel agent holds the monies on our behalf. Full payment must be received at least 80 days before outward travel date, or at the time of booking if that is within 80 days of outward travel date. If full payment is not received, we reserve the right to cancel the booking and retain any deposit. Documents are sent out 2 weeks prior to outward travel date. Special requests cannot be made a condition of your booking as they are always subject to availability and cannot be guaranteed. Accommodation only bookings are made solely at our discretion and are subject to a £50 administration fee.
Please note that these promotions are non-refundable and full payment is required at the time of booking by credit or debit card. Holiday promotional fares can be amended up to 42 days before departure, subject to the payment of a £25 administration fee (€50 for each change on Ireland-France and Ireland-Spain route). Any increase in cost must be paid at the time of the amendment.
Other conditions may apply and these will be detailed in the promotion.
Motorised vehicles must arrive at the designated port of departure for both outbound and return sailings under their own power, failure to do so will invalidate this transport contract. The latest check in time for each journey will be shown on your documents. This may vary depending on whether you have any special requirements, are travelling as part of a group or for other reasons. If you do not meet latest check in requirements, then your space cannot be guaranteed. You must have all necessary documents to enter the countries which you intend to visit and for re-entry into the UK or Ireland. It is the passenger's responsibility to establish his or her own individual requirements. If you do not have valid documents you will not be able to board. Brittany Ferries accepts no responsibility for passengers refused entry to any country by the relevant authority for whatever reason. Brittany Ferries has absolute discretion whether or not to accept any passenger, their vehicle, luggage or pet on board and reserves the right to refuse carriage or to refuse to retain any person as a client if their conduct or condition is likely to disrupt or affect the enjoyment, safety or wellbeing of others. Brittany Ferries will exercise its discretion fairly and shall be under no liability for any additional costs incurred by such a person as a result of Brittany Ferries refusing carriage or refusing to retain any person as a client.
Resort and accommodation services and facilities may be restricted or withdrawn at certain times for maintenance, and/or bad weather or during low season. If the availability of a particular service/facility is of paramount importance to the enjoyment of your holiday then you should raise this with us at the time of booking.
Carriage is subject to our Conditions of Carriage and The Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea 1974 (The "Athens Convention" as amended by the 2002 protocol and which includes Orders made in relation to the Athens Convention). The Athens Convention limits liability for death or personal injury or loss or damage to 'luggage', which includes vehicles and makes special provision for valuables. The limits of liability are laid down by Orders issued from time to time under Merchant Shipping Act 1995 and Merchant Shipping Regulations 2012. It presumes that 'luggage' has been landed undamaged, unless we, as the carrier, have been advised in writing of apparent damage before or at the time of leaving the ferry. In the case of non-apparent damage written notice must be given within 15 days of leaving the ferry. No written notice is required where the luggage has been jointly inspected before leaving the ferry. The Athens Convention applies to all people travelling on our vessels. It imposes strict time limits for registering claims. Copies of our Conditions of Carriage, which incorporate relevant provisions of the above Convention, are available from us on request. You are responsible for the security and safekeeping of your possessions and Brittany Ferries cannot be held liable for the loss or theft of any items. High value items should be lodged with the Purser for safekeeping.
If you have to cancel your holiday at any time after the contract has taken effect, you must do so in writing if you have booked direct with Brittany Ferries. If you have booked through an agent then by whatever means they stipulate. You will incur charges on a scale related to the period of notice given to us - see table opposite. No refund will be given for any unused part of an inclusive holiday or for the ferry travel booked in conjunction with an inclusive holiday.
|Period of notice given to Brittany Ferries before scheduled outward travel date
|Cancellation charge (expressed as a % of total booking price)
|Over 42 days
|29 - 42 days
|30% (or deposit if greater)
|15 - 28 days
|50% (or deposit if greater)
|2 - 14 days
|75% (or deposit if greater)
|Within 2 days
|Any refund applicable is by method of payment
For group bookings cancellation charges may vary from those shown above but these will be advised at time of booking. For holiday promotions, if booking is cancelled, no refund will be provided.
If you are prevented from travelling (not merely disinclined) you may transfer your booking to another person. You must give notice in writing and enclose a £50 administration fee per booking.
If you wish to change your holiday arrangements and you have paid a deposit or the full amount, we will do all we reasonably can to accommodate your new requirements, subject to your paying an administration fee of £25 for each change (€50 for each change on Ireland-France and Ireland-Spain route) plus any tariff increase for your new holiday requirements. Excluding a pre-arranged late arrival, we can accept no change to your arrival date at your pre-booked holiday accommodation or request for an alternative property within 42 days of your original confirmed arrival date, as this will be treated as a cancellation. Any change that results in a reduction in the total number of persons travelling will be treated as a cancellation of that part of the booking. If the change results in our incurring cancellation charges, these will be passed on to you. Please note amendment fees are non-refundable.
We reserve the right to change any holiday details, including the price, before you book, in which case we will tell you before the holiday contract takes effect. Very rarely, a change or cancellation may occur after you have booked but before you depart. If there is a major change (i.e. a change in scheduled ferry departure time of more than 12 hours, a change of ferry route, a change of holiday location or change to a lower standard of accommodation - any other change is 'minor') we will tell you as soon as practicable. We will then offer you the choice of accepting the change, taking an alternative holiday (if it is more expensive, you will have to pay the difference, but if it is cheaper, you will receive the appropriate refund) or cancelling and receiving a full refund. If there is a cancellation you will be offered the choice of an alternative holiday where available or a full refund. In addition, unless the major change or cancellation is caused by force majeure, or occurs before the date the final balance falls due for your holiday, we will pay you the following compensation: a) For a change of ferry route giving rise to additional driving time - 20p per additional mile per vehicle booked between the ports concerned. b) For all other major changes/cancellations - £20.00 per adult/£10.00 per child aged 4-15. If the change is notified within 14 days of outward travel date or if we are obliged to notify you of a major change during your holiday then £25.00 per adult/£12.50 per child aged 4-15. If there is a minor change before you depart, we will try to let you know (although we are not obliged to do so) but you will not be entitled to cancel or receive compensation. Force majeure is unusual and unforeseeable circumstances beyond our control, the consequences of which neither we nor our suppliers could avoid, examples of which are war or threat of war, riots, civil strife, terrorist activity, industrial disputes, natural or nuclear disaster, fire, adverse weather conditions, level of water, closure of ports, technical or engineering problems, significant building work ongoing outside of your accommodation, which is not known to us in advance of your outward travel date and building work from a third party (such as accommodation development) or other similar events beyond our control.
Limited medical services may be available on board. Where they are, there may be a charge for their use. Any special needs or boarding arrangements must be clearly specified at the time of booking, it is your responsibility to ensure your needs are known and understood. If you travel with a pre-diagnosed condition then travel is entirely at your own risk and you should obtain advice from your own doctor before travelling. If you have a disability or reduced mobility (even if temporary) please notify us at the time of booking and no later than 48 hours before arrival at the port, so that we may adequately assist you with your needs. We have a number of cabins adapted for disabled passengers and lift facilities for ease of movement between decks; however, facilities are limited on certain of our vessels so please enquire at the time of booking. Further details of the assistance we are able to provide is available on request or on our website. We are unable to transport anyone who is 32 weeks (28 weeks for the High Speed Service) or more pregnant at the time of travel or those with pregnancy complications. It is important if you have a disability, that the appropriate enquiries are made about the suitability of particular holiday accommodation needs, transport and services, and that you are fully satisfied you have made the correct choice before you book and confirm your holiday. Please note: if special arrangements need to be made for you an extra charge may be levied. We cannot be held responsible if you fail to tell us about special needs/requirements that will affect your holiday experience.
You must not bring dangerous goods, firearms or knives on board, on your person, or in your luggage unless you have obtained written permission from us and possess legal authorisation. Dangerous goods must be declared at the time of booking and can only be transported in a vehicle, therefore are not permitted in the case of a foot passenger. Explosive ordnance and neutralised explosive ordnance of military origin (shells, projectiles, grenades, etc) are prohibited. If you are unsure about whether or not goods are dangerous then you must contact us in advance otherwise we may refuse you entry to the ship, without any liability on our part. The transport of petrol/diesel cans is strictly limited to a maximum of 5 litres per vehicle providing it is in a sealed container designed specifically to carry fuel. There is a limit to the quantity of gas cylinders that may be carried, (including medical gas), for confirmation and authority to carry any gas cylinders please contact passenger services prior to travel.
On arrival at the port you must report to the Duty Terminal Manager and follow his/her instructions regarding loading and necessary storage of these goods.
For information and advice on health matters while travelling abroad, the Department of Health leaflet 'Health Advice for Travellers' is available from Post Offices in the UK or local Health Board in Ireland. Alternatively visit www.ehic.org.uk or www.ehic.ie. We also recommend that you visit www.gov.uk/fco. You are advised to take out your own health insurance, as cover under national schemes is not always comprehensive. It is mandatory that you have all necessary documents, including valid passports and/or visas, to enter the countries which you intend to visit and for re-entry into the UK or Ireland. Please remember UK Nationals and Irish citizens require a valid full passport but do not require visas for travel to France, Spain or Portugal. If you do not have valid documents you will not be able to board. The carrier is liable to a fine, and other costs, if you try to travel without the correct documentation. We reserve the right to recover any such costs from the passenger. It is the passenger's responsibility to be aware of their own individual travel requirements. Non-EU passengers are responsible for ensuring that they have correct documentation. Please refer to the relevant Embassy. Children travelling with an adult, other than their parents or legal guardians, must have a letter of consent.
If you find an identical holiday at a lower price within 28 days of booking with Brittany Ferries, we guarantee to match it. The price match excludes insurance, special offers, loyalty bonuses, group and travel agent discounts.
a) We accept liability for any loss you may suffer if any part of the holiday arrangements you book with us is not as described and not of a reasonable standard within the context of the holiday and its price. We also accept liability if you suffer death or personal injury as a result of the holiday arrangements failing to be as described and of a reasonable standard. These acceptances of liability do not apply if there has been no fault on our part, nor on the part of our suppliers and the loss, death or personal injury suffered is attributable to your own acts or omissions, to the acts or omissions of a third party not involved in providing the services which make up your holiday whose consequences could not have been avoided or anticipated even exercising all due care, or to an event which, even with all due care, could not have been foreseen or forestalled. They are also conditional upon your assigning to us any rights you may have against any other person whose acts or omissions have given rise to our liability.
b) Our liability to compensate you and the amount of such compensation is subject to the following limitations. First, in the case of damage other than death, illness or personal injury, to a reasonable amount having regard to such factors as, inter alia, the holiday cost and the extent to which the enjoyment of your holiday can be shown to have been affected; we will not be responsible for your disappointment as a result of unrealistic expectations, where the holiday has been provided as described. Second, in all cases liability and compensation are restricted in accordance with the provisions of all applicable International Conventions, which include, but are not limited to: in respect of rail travel, the Berne Convention 1961; in respect of carriage by sea, the Athens Convention 1974; in respect of carriage by road, the Geneva Convention 1973; and in respect of hotels, the Paris Convention 1962. For the avoidance of doubt, this means that we are to be regarded as having all benefit of any limitations of compensation contained in any of these Conventions or any other international conventions applicable to your holiday.
c) If you suffer death, injury or illness during your holiday arising out of any activity which does not form part of the inclusive arrangements you have booked with us, we will, at our discretion and provided it is requested within 90 days, give you general assistance in pursuing any claim you may have against a third party. This assistance will be limited to advice, guidance and a contribution of up to £5,000 per booking towards your legal costs. You must make an insurance claim under the legal expenses section of your insurance policy to enable subsequent recovery of these costs. In any event, we retain the right to recover any such contribution made towards these costs from you.
You undertake to take responsibility and exercise reasonable care in respect of your accommodation and its equipment. At all casas, gites and cottages, a cash deposit up to the value of €150 is payable on arrival. This is to cover damages that may be incurred but does not limit your liability. Where damages exceed the deposit value, Brittany Ferries will recover any outstanding amount from you on behalf of the supplier. The services and facilities included in your holiday will be deemed to be provided with reasonable care if they comply with any local regulations which apply, or, if there are no applicable local regulations, if they are reasonable when compared to the local standards in practice. The fact that services or facilities fail to comply with local or UK guidance or advice shall not in itself mean that the services or facilities in question have not been provided with reasonable care. You should familiarise yourself with fire procedures, including emergency exits in your accommodation, the swimming pool(s) area etc. Be aware that in some of our properties smoke and carbon monoxide detectors may not be present as they are not required by local or regional law. Children must be supervised by you at all times, especially near water, on balconies or in unfamiliar buildings and surroundings.
We aim to provide the best holiday possible. However, if you do encounter a problem you must immediately notify the relevant local owner, caretaker or supplier to try to resolve the problem at the time, and also contact our Helpline. A failure to do so will reduce or negate your right to claim redress from us. Our Helpline offices are manned by specialist bilingual staff. Full information on how and where to call accompanies your holiday documents. In the unlikely event that the matter is not resolved to your satisfaction at the time, you should write to Customer Services, Brittany Ferries, Millbay, Plymouth, PL1 3EW. Please quote your booking reference and provide full details of your complaint so we may investigate and respond to you. Where possible, notification should be within 30 days of completion of your holiday, to enable us to investigate your complaint.
We are a Member of ABTA, membership number Y6117. We are obliged to maintain a high standard of service to you by ABTA's Code of Conduct. We can also offer you an ABTA's scheme for the resolution of disputes which is approved by the Chartered Trading Standards Institute. If we can't resolve your complaint, go to www.abta.com to use ABTA's simple procedure. Further information on the Code and ABTA's assistance in resolving disputes can be found on www.abta.com. You can also access the European Commission Online Dispute (ODR) Resolution platform at http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/odr/. This ODR platform is a means of registering your complain with us; it will not determine how your complaint should be resolved.
For full details of our data and privacy policies, please refer to www.brittanyferries.ie/information/security-privacy
To monitor customer service and for training purposes, we record telephone calls.


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As with most things annual RTRFMs Radiothon is again upon us. Running from Friday August 19 to Sunday August 28 it's the time of year when our favourite independent radio station asks you to rummage around your pockets for a little coin.
This year the team approached us at Cut & Paste to assist them in producing a television commercial to run along with this years them… Get on Board.
Shot over a few glorious Perth weekends here's what we put together…
Below is the low down on Radiothon 2011:
2011 Radiothon – Get on Board kicks off with with a live broadcast of Breakfast with Barr at 78 Records, kicking off from 6am start including guest appearances, live music, homemade cupcakes and coffee.
The Opening Party: The party will continue with the Radiothon Opening Party at The Bakery on Saturday 20 August, 8pm – Late. On the bill is Naik, Community Collab Band, Carl Fox and Drop Macumba! Plus DJ's from Underground Sound Solution Crew, Cut & Paste Sound System, Ben M, Sibalance and Jade Nobbs. Live performance of Aerial Silks and from the WA Ballet. We have also included for the first time ever – a special Radiothon Photo Booth!
The Closing Party: Radiothon will end with a great night out at The Rosemount Hotel on Saturday 27 August, 7pm- Late, with Emperors, The Leap Year, smRts, TheAutumn Isles, Hang On St Christopher, Minute 36, Goodnight Tiger, Gulls, Louis Inglis, Seven Weapons and DJs Shannon Fox, Jamie MacDonald, Chris Wheeldon and Ryan Sandilands
Did you know…
- In 2011 RTRFM won the Western Australian Music Industry Media Award for contribution to Western Australian music.
- RTRFM presenters are volunteers from all walks of life who dedicate their spare time to share their passion for music, art and ideas with the listening community 24hrs a day, seven days a week.
- RTRFM does not receive government funding
- RTRFM produces over 50 weekly shows to an audience of over 100,000 weekly and over 350,000 a year.
Four ways to Get on Board…
1. Link the RTRFM Radiothon TV ad on YouTube or Facebook
2. Post your support on the RTRFM Radiothon blog
3. Trend RTRFM Radiothon on twitter #getonboard
5. Subscribe and encourage your friends to subscribe!

subset: commoncrawl


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Table of Contents
Sodium is a mineral that exists in the body as the ion Na+. Sodium is acquired through diet, mainly in the form of salt (sodium chloride, NaCl). Regulating the amount of Na+ in the body is absolutely critical to life and health.
Sodium is possibly the most important mineral in the body. It plays a major role in controlling the distribution of fluids, maintaining blood pressure and blood volume, creating an electrical gradient that allows nerve transmission and muscle contraction to occur, maintaining the mechanisms that allow wastes to leave cells, and regulating the acidity (pH) of the blood. Many different organ working together, including the kidneys, endocrine glands, and brain, tightly control the level of Na+ in the body. Researchers estimate that between 20% and 40% of an adult's resting energy use goes toward regulating sodium. Sodium affects every cell in the body, and a major failure of sodium regulatory mechanisms means death.
In the body, sodium exists as electrolyte. Electrolytes are ions that form when salts dissolve in water or fluids. These ions have an electric charge. Positively charged ions are called cations. Negatively charged ions are called anions. Electrolytes are not evenly distributed within the body, and their uneven distribution allows many important metabolic reactions to occur. Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium(Ca 2+), magnesium (Mg 2+), chloride (Cl-), phosphate
(Illustration by GGS Information Services/Thomson Gale.)
(HPO4 2-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and sulfate (SO4 2-) are important electrolytes in humans.
Na+ is ten times more concentrated in fluid outside cells (i.e. extracellular fluid and blood) than it is in fluid inside cells. This difference in concentration is maintained through the expenditure of cellular energy, and it is critical to many metabolic functions, including maintaining the proportion of water that exists inside and outside of cells. (See the entry on electrolytes for a more detailed explanation of how this occurs). When Na+ is too high or too low, it is almost never because an individual has eaten too much or too little salt. Instead, it is because organs such as the kidneys or endocrine glands that regulate the conservation or removal of sodium from the body have broken down.
Sodium requirements
Researchers estimate that humans can remain healthy taking in only 500 mg of sodium daily. Salt is 40% sodium by weight, and 500 mg is slightly less than the amount of sodium found in 1/4 teaspoon of salt. Humans almost never take in too little salt; their health problems result from too much salt in the diet.
The United States Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences has developed values called Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for many vitamins and minerals including sodium. The DRIs
consist of three sets of numbers. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) defines the average daily amount of the nutrient needed to meet the health needs of 97-98% of the population. The Adequate Intake (AI) is an estimate set when there is not enough information to determine an RDA. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the average maximum amount that can be taken daily without risking negative side effects. The DRIs are calculated for children, adult men, adult women, pregnant women, and breastfeeding women.
The IOM has not set RDAs for sodium, but instead it has set AI levels for all age groups based on observed and experimental information about the amount of sodium needed to replace what is lost by a moderately active individual each day. Sodium is lost in both urine and sweat. IAs for sodium are measured in milligrams (mg). UL levels have not been set. However, the IOM recommends that adults limit their sodium intake to less than 2,400 mg per day, and the American Heart Association recommends an adult daily intake of 1,500-2,300 mg.
The following list gives the recommended daily AL levels of sodium for each age group.
- children birth-6 months: AI 120 mg
- children 7-12 months: AI 370 mg
- children 1-3 years: AI 1,000 mg
- children 4-8 years: AI 1,200 mg
- children 9-13 years: AI 1,500 mg
- adolescents 14-18 years: IA 1,500 mg
- adults age 19-50: AI 1,500 mg
- adults ages50-70 1,300 mg
- adults 71 years or older: AI 1,200 mg
- pregnant women: IA 1,500 mg
- >breastfeeding women: AI 1,500 mg
Sources of sodium
Many people think that the main source of salt in their diet is what they add to food when they are cooking or at the table while eating. In reality, more than three-quarters of the sodium in the average American's diet is added to food during processing. Another 12% is already naturally in the food. For example, 1 cup of low-fat milk contains 110 mg of sodium. About 6% of sodium in the diet is added as salt during cooking and another 5% from salting food while eating.
Although most sodium in diet comes from salt, other sources of sodium include preservatives and flavor enhancers added during processing. Sodium content is required to be listed on food labels of processed foods. Some common ''hidden'' sources of sodium include:
- baking soda
- baking powder
- disodium phosphate
- monosodium glutamate (MSG)
- sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite
Below are some common foods and their sodium content.
- table salt, 1 teaspoon:2,300 mg
- dill pickle, large: 1731 mg
- canned chicken noodle soup, 1 cup: 850-1,100 mg
- ham, 3 ounces: 1,000 mg
- sauerkraut, 1/2 cup: 780 mg
- pretzels, 1 ounce: 500 mg
- potato chips, 1 ounce: 165-185 mg
- soy sauce, 1 teaspoon: 304
- deli turkey breast, 1 ounce: 335 mg
Fresh fruits, vegetables, unsalted nuts, and rice, dried beans and peas are examples of foods that are low in sodium.
Sodium and health
Too high a concentration of sodium in the blood causes a condition called hypernatremia. Too much sodium in the diet almost never causes Hypernatremia. Causes include excessive water loss (e.g. severe diarrhea), restricted water intake, untreated diabetes (causes water loss), kidney disease, and hormonal imbalances. Symptoms include signs of dehydrationsuch as extreme thirst, dark urine, sunken eyes, fatigue, irregular heart beat, muscle twitching, seizures, and coma.
Hypernatremia and hyponatremia are at the extreme ends of sodium imbalance. However, high dietary intake of salt can cause less visible health damage in the form of high blood pressure (hypertension). Hypertension silently damages the heart, blood vessels, and kidney and increases the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney damage. A low-salt diet significantly lowers blood pressure in 30-60% of people with high blood pressure and a quarter to half of people with normal blood pressure. Some individuals are more sensitive to sodium than others. Those people who are most likely to see a rise in blood pressure with increased sodium intake include people who are obese, have type 2 diabetes, are elderly, female, and African American.
The American Heart Association recommends reducing sodium in the diet to between 1,500 mg and 2,300 mg daily. Below are some suggestions for cutting down on salt.
- Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.
- Look for processed foods that say ''no salt added''
- Limit or eliminate salty snacks such as chips and pretzels.
- Restrict the amount processed meats such as hot dogs, pepperoni, and deli meats.
- Avoid high salt canned soups; choose heart-healthy lower salt soups instead.
- Use spices instead of salt to give foods flavor.
People who are salt-sensitive may need to keep their salt intake at levels below the suggested daily amounts to control their blood pressure.
Certain drugs cause large amounts of sodium to be excreted by the kidneys and removed from the body in urine. Diuretics (''water pills'') are among the best known of these drugs. Other types of drugs that may cause low sodium levels, especially in ill individuals, include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil, Motrin, and Aleve, opiates such as codeine and morphine, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Prozac or Paxil, and tricyclic antidepres-sants such as Elavil and Tofranil.
Health concerns about sodium have been discussed above. Most problems related to high blood pressure are chronic, slow to develop disorders that do not cause serious complications until the second half of an individual's lifetime. Kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke are all complications of high blood pressure and potentially of high sodium intake.
Parental concerns
Salt is an acquired taste. Parents can help their children control their salt intake and discourage the development of a craving for salt by substituting low-salt foods for high-salt foods.
American Heart Association. American Heart Association Low-Salt Cookbook: A Complete Guide to Reducing Sodium and Fat in Your Diet. 3rd ed. New York: Clarkson Potter Pubs., 2006.
Hawkins, W. Rex. Eat Right—Electrolyte: A Nutritional Guide to Minerals in Our Daily Diet. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2006.
James, Shelly V, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Low-Sodium Meals. Indianapolis, IN: Alpha Books, 2006.
Pressman, Alan H. and Sheila Buff.The Complete Idiot's Guide to Vitamins and Minerals. 3rd ed. Indianapolis, IN: Alpha Books, 2007.
American Heart Association. 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231. Telephone: (800) 242-8721. Website: <http://www.americanheart.org>
International Food Information Council. 1100 Connecticut Avenue, NW Suite 430, Washington, DC 20036. Telephone: 02-296-6540. Fax: 202-296-6547. Website: <http://ific.org>
Linus Pauling Institute. Oregon State University, 571 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-6512. Telephone: (541) 717-5075. Fax: (541) 737-5077. Website:<http://lpi.oregonstate.edu>
American Heart Association. ''Sodium.'' undated, accessed April 27, 2007, <http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4708>
Higdon, Jane. ''Sodium.'' Linus Pauling Institute-Oregon State University, February 16, 2004.<http://lpi.ore-gonstate.edu/infocenter/minerals/sodium>
Mayo Clinic Staff. ''Sodium: Are You getting Too Much?'' MayoClinic.com, May 24, 2006. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sodium/NU00284>
Medline Plus. ''Dietary Sodium.'' U. S. National Library of Medicine, April 23, 2007. <http://www.nlm.nih/gov/medlineplus/dietarysodium.html>
Murray, Robert. ''The Risk and Reality of Hyponatremia.'' Gatorade Sports Science Institute, 2006. <http://www.gssiweb.com>
Northwesternutrition ''Nutrition Fact Sheet: Sodium.'' Northwestern University, September 21, 2006. <http://www.feinberg.northwestern.edu/nutrition/factsheets/sodium.html>
United States Department of Health and Human Services and the United States Department of Agriculture.
''Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005.'' January 12, 2005. <http://www.healthierus.gov/dietaryguidelines>
Tish Davidson, A.M.


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I have been ADDICTED to Pinterest as of late - haven't we all! I've created a board full of DIY projects I'd like to try out and one of them was a No-Sew Dog Bed!
Joann's Fabrics was EXTREMELY helpful and told me to pin the pieces together first and it would make it easier to handle. (Coupon codes here: http://verified.codes/JoAnn)
Then you cut 4" x 1" strips all around the edge - it is definitely important to get them at least 4" - otherwise they're nearly too short to tie.
All in all - it took a couple hours to measure, cut strips, tie and stuff...not too bad.
I had over a week off around the holidays - so I'll be sharing a few more Pinterest projects with you soon!


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Good news and bad news for Bad Girls Club Miami star Catya Washington.
According to TMZ, Catya was released from a Philadelphia jail earlier this week just in time for thanksgiving. The bad news? Catya has been placed under house arrest along with some new bling — an ankle bracelet to track her every move.
If you recall, Cayta was arrested back on Nov. 2 and charged with carrying a gun illegally along with possessing cocaine, Ecstasy and mushrooms. Her bail was set at $500,000. She was finally able to post $50,000 for her bail this week and is due back in court on Dec. 13.
But unfortunately for Cat, she has even more legal drama to deal with. See Cat was also arrested on October 18th stemming from an incident that occurred during the summer.
Cat reportedly rear ended another woman's car, who just happened to be the wife of the guy she was dating at the time. She then allegedly got out of her car, repeatedly struck the woman in the face with a chain, pulled out a can of mace and sprayed the other woman.
Cops charged her with aggravated assault, inflicting serious bodily injury, possession of an instrument of crime (mace), and recklessly endangering another person.
She's also due back in court on December 14 for those charges. Safe to say Cat is taking the whole being a bad girl thingy a tad too seriously.


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'Scuse the pajamas--I'm feeling pretty blah, and we're just lounging around today, so there ya go.
And I didn't take a 33 week photo with Lizzy apparently, so nothing to compare it to this week!
How far along: 33 weeks.
Size of baby: A durian fruit (?!) (The Bump) or a pineapple (Baby Center). In other words, about 17-18 inches and 4-5 pounds.
Weight Gain:No change this week, so a total gain of 17-18 pounds.
Symptoms: Heartburn again, even with Zantac. I had another weird thing with my vision happen last night, but none of the other symptoms that went with it last week. I just felt a little off, like I might pass out. Once I laid down on the couch for about a half an hour and drank some apple juice, I was fine and everything went back to normal. We took my blood pressure, and it was 121/60, so I'm not too worried...well, other than I'm a little paranoid that I have HELLP syndrome because my pregnancy book and Dr. Google list continuous heartburn, fatigue, headaches, blurry vision, and tingling in extremities as symptoms, and I've had all of those at one point or another this pregnancy. But I'm trying to remind myself that all of those symptoms could easily be 100 other things, and that I haven't had issues with any of the other things usually associated with HELLP like high blood pressure, protein in urine, swelling, vomiting, etc. Plus, I just had blood work done last week and he said everything looked perfect there as well. But sometimes I can tend to be a bit of a hypochondriac, and latch on to one particular disease or thing that I've heard about it, and totally convince myself that I have it. My mom is the same way :)
So anyway, I'm trying to decide whether or not I need to call in and report the weird vision episode to my OB, since everything is fine now (and was almost as soon as I ate/drank something), or whether I can just wait to talk to my OB next week.
Exercise: Nope.
Clothes: Yep, maternity.
Cravings/Aversions:Nothing in particular.
Movement: Yep :)
Worries: Just what's mentioned above!
Milestones: She is now keeping her eyes open while awake, and also practicing coordinating sucking and swallowing.
What's Different This Time: Nothing particular!
Best moment of the week: Having a CLEAN KITCHEN and coffee made when I got up on Monday morning! Thank you Justin!


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Situated by a harbour at the foot of the Taurus mountains, Kalkan is a resort for those seeking a little more than sun, sea and sand. It is a sophisticated historic town with some fine examples of Ottoman Greek architecture. Instead of booking a hotel in Kalkan, why not consider renting self-catering accommodation? A beachside villa or an apartment in the town will give you more space and independence. You won't have to eat in restaurants every day; you'll be able to cook as and when it suits your family.
Kalkan is the ideal destination for those who want to get away from the crowded beaches. As well as water sports, diving and boat trips, there are excellent restaurants and shops offering the highest in quality. Why not dine at a restaurant with a roof terrace that affords a picturesque view of the harbour? Or shop for antiques, oriental carpets, jewellery or furnishings. If you are feeling like having a swim, Kaputas beach and French Bay are both within easy reach of Kalkan. For those looking for a thrill, try canyoning in the Kaputas Gorge just four miles away.
Kalkan may not be the obvious choice for those who want to relax on the beach, but it does offer interesting activities for families with children. Local water sports include canoeing, kayaking, jet skiing and windsurfing. You can take a boat trip to visit the region's cave systems, including the famous Blue Cave, the largest in Turkey. The Guvercinlik Cave three miles away provides a habitat for both bats and wild pigeons. It is also possible to have diving lessons, and you might be lucky enough to see the wreck of the Duchess of York, a ship built in Hull. For a complete change of scenery, take a trip to Bezirgan, an active farming community just over ten miles from Kalkan.
Renting a self-catering villa or flat is the perfect low-cost option for your family holiday in Kalkan. You will save money on hotels and restaurants as well as enjoying more freedom. We have a range of rental accommodation in this delightful town, and you can read our genuine customer reviews before you make your booking. Rest assured that we will give you excellent value that will allow you to make the most of your stay in Kalkan.


text: Our 8-Hook Wall-Mounted Rack has never met a tie, scarf, hat, necklace or belt it couldn't tame. Its hooks add order to closets, entryways and mudrooms because it can also handle heftier items such as jackets, backpacks and handbags. Mix and match it with other components from the Closet Collection to create a customized solution perfect for any space.


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Moto inspired. Control + durability = speed
Tubeless-ready. Wide rim. The 30 Course Disc-brake is ready for everything.
Developed in the wind tunnel, the 202 practically floats up the toughest ascents.
This Carbon Clincher is all about achievable speed.
A serious do-it-all wheel.
This is the shape of things to come.
One wheel all conditions.
So stable, nimble, and fast that it forever changes the wheel selection equation.
As fast as it is versatile.
Only light is Faster.
Our carbon fiber bars are a favorite for sprinters, 'crossers and triathletes everywhere.
Designed to meet the needs of the rough-and-tumble world of professional bike racing.
Offering a Short and Shallow bend to give riders a bar to suit their riding style and comfort.
Designed to provide triathletes and time trial specialists with an aero-edge and optimized fit.
Our Goal was to create the strongest carbon fiber stems on the market.
This stem is rigorously evaluated so your fit is perfect, every time.
With 28 possible positions available, this stem can help anyone find the perfect fit.
Done well, a seatpost disappears beneath you. Our SLSpeed seatposts take the edge off the rough roads.
Matching our Service Course SL bars and stems in both form and function.
Features an innovative low-profile clamp allowing greater for-aft adjustment.


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Energy and red evening dresses
There is an opinion that it is a dress, red evening dresses, that allows female energy to be distributed in a special way. Expanding downwards, the dress creates a kind of funnel, which draws in the energy of the earth, and, twisting it in a spiral, sends it directly into the uterus – the main accumulative organ of the female energy. And putting on trousers, a woman thereby deprives herself of this connection with the earth, as if renouncing her own femininity. So, wear red evening dresses.
Why wear red evening dresses
Properly chosen dress, red evening dresses, hides figure flaws.
To begin with, the woman in the dress is very attractive! A dress with a correctly chosen style will hide the tummy and sides, create from a plump figure, slim and feminine. A long dress, red evening dresses, can hide the flaws of the legs, visually stretch the silhouette. Trousers, on the contrary, emphasize and highlight imperfections. Remember – there is no ugly female figure, there are only the wrong clothes.
red evening dresses changing self-perception
Putting on a dress,red evening dresses, a woman acquires greater smoothness, fluidity in gestures and walk. It becomes softer and more tender. Dress enhances a sense of self-worth. A woman becomes strong precisely because of her weakness.
A real woman on the red evening dresses would not even think of doing hard work, carrying weights, or rushing somewhere. Next to her will certainly be a man who will not refuse her help.


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Possible Food Poisoning at Ohio Chipotle Draws 518 Illness Complaints
A Chipotle in central Ohio is under scrutiny for a possible food poisoning outbreak. As of July 31, 518 people have called or emailed the health department in Delaware County to report illnesses they developed after eating at the restaurant in Powell. Officials have interviewed over 200 sick individuals, but the exact cause of illness has not been identified.
AUG. 1, 2018 PM #Chipotle Update pic.twitter.com/vK6KEZBw5f- Delaware Health Dist (@DelawareHealth) August 1, 2018
The health department has also taken stool samples from several people who fell ill after eating at the Chipotle, located at 9733 Sawmill Parkway. These will be tested for salmonella, shigella, E. coli, and norovirus. Food samples from the outpost have also been sent away to undergo testing for the aforementioned in addition to Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens bacteria, according to a statement on the Delaware General Health District's Twitter.
Although there are hundreds of reported sicknesses, only one lawsuit has been filed to date. According to The Columbus Dispatch, Filip Szyller claims to have experienced diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, nausea, headaches, and hot and cold flashes after eating at the chain. He is seeking $25,000 in damages.
Aug. 1, 2018 AM #Chipotle Update pic.twitter.com/M6TFCDHUcc- Delaware Health Dist (@DelawareHealth) August 1, 2018
The health department's first warning of a possible outbreak came on July 31 after an initial 368 people called to report they'd fallen ill after eating at Chipotle. The next day, the location closed for investigation. It reopened July 2 after the food inspection team gave the go-ahead.
"Our protocols identified a handful of illness reports at one restaurant in Powell, OH on Monday," a Chipotle spokesperson told The Daily Meal in an email. "We acted quickly and closed this single restaurant out of an abundance of caution. We worked with the local health officials to reopen this restaurant the following day, Tuesday."
The statement continues, "The health and safety of our customers and employees is our number one priority. We have been working with local officials to investigate and will continue to do so. We want to talk to customers who believe they were affected by this incident and ask them to contact us directly at Talk To Us."
Most people know this isn't the first time Chipotle has been blamed for a food poisoning outbreak. Back in 2015, the chain was deemed responsible for a massive E. coli outbreak. Alas, harmful pathogens can live just about everywhere - even at the grocery store. Trader Joe's, Kroger, and Walgreens recently recalled more than two dozen products that may have been contaminated with a toxic parasite called cyclospora. Thankfully there are ways to prevent the spread of infection, and some steps are as easy as washing your hands.


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A healthful diet, physical exercise and proper body weight contribute to well-being at any age. These lifestyle goals are particularly important during and after treatment for most health problems, including breast cancer.
"A lot of the same [nutrition] principles apply to eating right during and after treatment," says Cortney Malcher, a registered dietitian and a certified specialist in oncology at the Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale-New Haven.
In counseling breast cancer patients who wish to change and improve their eating habits, Malcher points to the food plan recommended by the American Institute for Cancer Research. "They recommend a mostly plant-based diet with limited red meat and processed meats," she says. "The diet is heavy on vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins."
The AICR proposes meals that are at least two-thirds vegetables, fruits, whole grains and beans and one-third or less animal protein. The most colorful vegetables and fruits – dark leafy greens, sweet potatoes, carrots, blueberries and strawberries are examples – contain the most nutrients and antioxidants.
Making small diet changes over time works better than many major changes at once, Malcher says. "We try to get people to realize that any kind of change is a change for the better," she says. "If [the patient] is not used to eating a lot of vegetables, we try to give them menu ideas. We suggest incorporating new things slowly or trying new preparation methods. If they're used to a salad that's all romaine or iceberg lettuce, mix in some spinach. Try asparagus on the grill or roasted in the oven. Try a mashed sweet potato, which has more antioxidants [than a white potato]."
An important change that Malcher suggests is replacing processed and fast foods with fresh, from-scratch meals. "In today's society, people are pressed for time," she says. "The assumption is that it's easier to pick up something that's prepared or that healthy eating is expensive. There are many recipes that are easy and quick to make that won't cost a lot of money — and you can have control over what you're adding." Cooks who prepare from-scratch meals, even simple ones, have better control over the amounts of salt and fat added.
Plant-based proteins such as beans and quinoa — one of the only grains that are a complete protein, Malcher says — as well as egg whites and low-fat dairy are excellent, lower-fat options to animal proteins. Soy products such as tofu offer another vegetarian source of protein, although soy contains estrogen-like properties that could affect cancer risk. Current research suggests more positive effects. For that reason, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends that three servings of soy protein foods — edamame, tofu, soy cheese or yogurt – a day is a safe amount.
Chicken breast, turkey and fish are leaner proteins than red meat. The AICR recommends limiting red meat to less than 18 ounces a week, which works out to six 3-ounce portions. For cancer protection, the group advises cutting processed meats from the diet.
When planning meals based on the AICR recommendations or building a salad, aim for colorful ingredients. "It may sound silly, but think of a rainbow," Malcher says. "Think of all of the colors of the rainbow in order to get all of the phytochemicals that give vegetables their color."
Fresh fruit also will lend color and fiber to the diet. "Berries such as blueberries and blackberries, pomegranates and prunes contain high amounts of antioxidants," the dietitian says. If a patient doesn't care for whole fruit, Malcher suggests juicing. "It's a great way to get people to try other fruits and might be easier to digest."
For those who need to lose weight, Malcher advises shedding those pounds slowly. "Being overweight can increase the risk of [cancer] reoccurrence and risk," she says. "Watch portion sizes and set a goal of [losing] no more than one or two pounds a week. You'll have longer term success with slower weight loss."
"Weigh loss and eating habits are really a lifestyle change," Malcher says. "Any small change will be helpful. Once you make a change, you often start feeling better and are willing to make more changes. Don't get discouraged."
For more information about diet recommendations and nutrition, visit the http://www.aicr.org (American Institute for Cancer Research; http://www.cancer.gov (American Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health; http://www.cancer.org (American Cancer Society), and http://www.eatright.org (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics).


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Welcome to the 15th IFAC symposium on Control, Optimization and Automation in Mining, Mineral and Metal Processing. This symposium follows a rich tradition of 14 previous symposiums held all over the world.
This time, the symposium will particularly explore as a general theme the close relationship of sustainability and control, optimization and automation. As I have similarly written in the preface of the recently published book control, optimization and automation are closely related to the modern need for sustainable development in the 21st century. One of the principles of sustainability is "Doing More with Less" which, in other words, is also one of the goals of control, optimization and automation. By better controlling the industrial processes in mining, mineral and metals processing and replacing the routine part of human labor with the use of machines, automation not only increases productivity and the quality of products beyond what can be achieved by humans, but also frees space, time and energy for humans to deal with the new, non-routine challenge of developing innovative and more advanced technologies. This magnificent cycle in which established developments are automated and the free resources achieved by this automation are used to develop newer technologies that are subsequently automated, is one of the most successful recipes for the human race towards the goal of sustainable development.
The symposium will cover, but will not be limited to, all aspects of control, optimization and automation covering the entire A to Z spectrum of metals and materials starting from mining operations to mineral processing of non-ferrous metals (Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Al, Mg, platinum group metals, Rear Earth etc,), iron, steel, ferroalloys, as well as metals processing to achieve specific properties such as heat treatment. It will also specifically cover metal and materials recycling processes, waste treatment, as well as power generation.
The symposium will be held from August 25th to 28th 2013 in the magnificent Mission Bay area of San Diego, California, which is one of the best vacation places in North America. The symposium will take place in a hotel located directly in the bay and about five minutes away from San Diego's Sea World. Numerous social events in the Mission Bay boats are being prepared for all attendees, as well as extra pre and post stays with a special rate, in order to give attendees the chance to enjoy San Diego during its high season.
We kindly invite you to submit your scientific papers at this historically highly valued conference and are looking forward to meeting you in San Diego.
Dr. Florian Kongoli
Symposium Chairman and Organizer
Chairman FLOGEN Stars Outreach,
FLOGEN Technologies Inc.(USA/Canada)
April 2019 »


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SOMERSWORTH — Join Teatotaller Tea House on Wednesday, Jan. 16 for local jazz music, featuring Gallo/Healey Duo. The show starts at 7 p.m. with food served all evening. The After Hours Music Series show is all ages and free.
The Gallo/Healey Duo is a new seacoast-based jazz project featuring pianist Garret Healey and vibraphonist Nihco Gallo. The focus of the group is the performance of highly sensitive and emotional music within the modern jazz idiom. Gallo and Healey met upon their arrival at UNH and have been playing together for over two years in various configurations, though the duo is a product of the last year's work. The duo's sense of intimacy and interactivity is possible due only to the compatibility of the musical languages spoken by Gallo and Healey. The two players share musical backgrounds, sensibilities in jazz taste, and approaches to playing their instruments.
Both Gallo and Healey study jazz performance at the University of New Hampshire while concurrently pursuing degrees in scientific fields (engineering and mathematics, respectively). Both have been playing their instruments since childhood and have long since discovered their love for jazz. Healey and Gallo both cite lyrical, melodic players as their inspiration. Healey is influenced by pianists Bill Evans, Brad Mehldau, Vince Guaraldi and Tommy Flannagan as well as Chopin, Bach and Beethoven. Gallo cites vibists Stefon Harris and Gary Burton as his primary influences, along with pianist Bill Evans and tenor saxophonist Stan Getz. As a group, The Gallo/Healey Duo draws from the great jazz pairs of the last half century. Originally inspired by the work of Chick Corea and Gary Burton (the quintessential piano/vibes duo), Gallo and Healey have since turned to the collaborations of Stan Getz with pianist Kenny Barron and Bill Evans with guitarist Jim Hall for inspiration.
Determined not to dwell solely in the past (as jazzmen often do), the Gallo/Healey Duo push themselves to re-imagine the masterpieces of the last century with modern arrangements and contribute to the evolving language of jazz with original compositions. Both Garret Healey and Nihco Gallo are still exploring this malleable ensemble and look forward to performing in the New England region for the foreseeable future.
Teatotaller Tea House is a Café an Bistro in downtown Somersworth, serving up locally blended teas, espresso drinks, as well as an array of gluten-free baked goods and speciality sandwiches. For more information, visit www.teatotallerteahouse.com.


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Use these handy dandy catalogs and parts manuals as a reference when
ordering parts. When in doubt, always use the original Innocenti part
numbers as each part tends to go by 4-5 different names across the
globe. This makes ordering much easier for everyone and ensures that you
get the correct part. Feel free to use our library of manuals whenever
you wish as you rebuild, restore, and maintain these classics for years
to come.
If you cannot find an item on our website, please ask, we can special order anything you see in these pages at any time.
This is the new edition of the Casa Lambretta catalog for 2015. It is printed in English, Italian, French, and Spanish. This year marks a major change in how Vittorio prints his catalogs. These have now become more of a reference manual following the layout of the Innocenti parts book and listing every part offered for these Lambretta models. The new edition also contains every offering by Casa Lambretta, the origin of manufacter for each and every part, pricing, as well as production information, historical photos, and vintage advertisments all in 250 glorious pages.
Covers the following models: Series 1 TV 175 and Li 125-150,
Series 2 TV 175 and Li 125-150, Series 3 Li 125-150, TV 175-200, Special
125-150, and SX 150-200, DL/GP 125-200, Junior 50-125, Cento, 50
DeLuxe, and 50 Special, Lui 50 C-CL and 75 S-SL, Spanish Eibar and
Tools, Accessories, Hardware, and more!
This is the previous English edition of the Casa Lambretta catalog for 2013. It also includes parts for all Series 1-3 models but use this catalog to reference parts for models prior to 1958 as Vittorio has yet to complete his extensive catalog redesign to those models as he has above. Use this as your reference for all early shaft driven models like the D and LD.
Covers the following models: 125m (A), 125 B, 125 C-LC, 125 D-LD (Mark I), 150 D-LD (Mark II), 125 LD (Mark III), and 125-150 LD (1957), 125 E-F, Lambretta 48, French 125-150 LD, and more!
Also covers but is out of date for the following models: All Series 1-3, DL/GP, Junior, Lui, Vega, and Spanish models.
Casa Performance is the tuning and upgrade branch of leading Italian scooter parts manufacturer, Casa Lambretta, run by Vittorio Tessera and this is the official Casa Performance catalog. Here you can find all the best safety and performance upgrades available for Lambretta and Vespa scooters. Casa Performance has quickly become the number-one name for aftermarket scooter products where QUALITY comes first, coupled with our unique AFTER SALES ASSISTANCE. We are set-up as the only official Casa Performance and Casa Lambretta dealer in all of North America. No other scooter parts manufacturer offers the same after-sales assistance.
are constantly looking to upgrade and improve existing products and add
exciting new items, thus ever pushing the boundaries of technology to
provide you with the best range of products possible. ALL Casa
Performance products are fully tested on the roads and racetracks of
Europe. The full range of Casa Performance parts can be seen in the
cataloge and can be ordered online.
We are proud to be the exclusive North American distributor for ALL BGM Vespa and Lambretta products. All parts of the BGM range are developed with the real needs of scooterists in mind. Each item is extensively tested, improving weak links on original designs and are made for ultimate reliability. All products are either German or MRB engineered and are produced by reputable manufacturers worldwide.
association with BGM and Scooter Center goes back to the very first days
of our shop and our relationship continues to grow and strengthen. We
receive shipments from Germany on a weekly basis and no item is
unavailable for too long. If you see something out of stock or an item
that does not appear in our online catalog, give us a call and we will
happily special order any part you need.


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UH Board of Regents approves permanent reassignment of John Morton as vice president for community colleges; Manuel Cabral appointed interim chancellor for LeewUniversity of Hawaiʻi
Kristen Bonilla, (808) 956-5039
External Affairs & University Relations
Morton has been with the university's community college system since 1970 when he joined the Leeward Community College faculty in chemistry and political science. From 1984 to 2005, he served as provost/chancellor of Kapiʻolani Community College, during which time the new campus was built on Diamond Head. Beginning in January 2002, Morton spearheaded the implementation of the university's systemwide student information system, also known as Banner, and continues to oversee its development and implementation.
Active in community affairs, Morton has served as president of the Hawaiʻi Services on Deafness Board and the Hawaiʻi Health Information Corporation Board, and as a member of the Board of Trustees of ASSETS School. Morton holds a BS in chemistry and MA in political science from the University of Illinois and a PhD in communication and information sciences from UH Mānoa.
In other action, Manuel Cabral, a professor and chair of the Mathematics and Science Division at Leeward Community College, has been appointed interim chancellor of the campus. Cabral's appointment is effective March 19, 2007, through June 30, 2008, unless sooner relieved, during which time the university will recruit to fill the position on a permanent basis.
The Leeward CC chancellor position was made vacant by the departure of Peter Quigley who has accepted a new appointment as assistant vice chancellor at the UH Mānoa campus.
Cabral, who has served in various positions at Leeward CC for 27 years, earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics and French from Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Ore., and a master's degree in mathematics from Indiana University. During his 27 years at Leeward CC, he has served as the Faculty Senate Vice Chair, Chair of the Leeward CC Campus Council, and for the past 19 years as the Mathematics and Science Division Chair.
He has been recognized for his excellence in teaching and leadership with the University of Hawaiʻi Board of Regents' Excellence in Teaching Award and the Outstanding Leadership Award of the National Community College Division Chair Academy.


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Well, better late then never, as they too commenly say. Here is my 32x32 Castle:
Not as fancy as most of the castles,(Or as big) but I wanted to keep as much to 375 as possible, and I think I did very well in that aspect.
Another pic:
Won't give you any more (Until the folder goes public, at least) becuase all the other pics are dark, as the lighting was going. and here is the folder in question: http://www.brickshelf.com/cgi-bin/gallery.cgi?f=400490
Anyways, there you go. Please feel free to comment and/or criticise my work.


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Hello everyone,
Just let me make a quick introduction and tell you a little about myself. My name is Al and I have worked in the rail industry for the better part of the last two decades. Most of the time in passenger rail for major carriers and car builders on both the engineering and technician side. I have a very strong electrical background and had to get good at HVACR "under fire" so to speak.
To make a long story even longer; last year we had to relocate from south Florida to the Mobile, Alabama region for family reasons. I resigned my position and we packed up the kids and pets and hit the road. Well, with the economic climate being as it was the job trail ran cold pretty quickly (too old, over-qualified, made too much) all the usual turn down responses. My wife quickly formulated a plan to go into our own business (she has all the answers...whether I like them or not...lol). We settled on HVAC as a business due to me being a problem solver and needing a constant challenge and her contacts in the real estate business. After jumping through what seems like a thousand hoops we are finally an established little operation doing service and repair calls for the residential market.
Now for my question(s), My wife and I have been discussing the direction we want the business to go and I am leaning towards the commercial end. I've been reading the posts on this board and find the problems encountered in the food service equipment area to be interesting. I'll be honest here, I don't like doing the residential work. It seems to be an uphill battle of trying to educate the masses on the right way of doing things. The situation appears to me; if you are dependent on the equipment to make a living you will want it done right and won't squawk about spending a few extra bucks. Am I off base with this line of reasoning? Are commercial accounts just as much of a PITA as residential or just a different flavor?
Any help or tips would be appreciated.


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Missing_Clink wrote:I don't think so. Isn't he really short? They like their D linemen tall and long. Plus he will be expensive as hell. He is due to make $12 mil this year
Trrrroy wrote:This is a guy that had 11 sacks last season and 17 in 2009. There are reason's not to pursue Dumervil if he becomes available but any GM that lists size among them should get fired.
kearly wrote:I don't think he'd be a Seahawk, but Denver is crazy if they release him.


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Insurance jobs san diego ca
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San Diego, CA Executive Search Recruiters
350 10th Avenue, Suite 1000
San Diego, CA 92101 USA
Phone: 619-684-4921
[email protected]
For more than a decade, the Reaction Search Boston Recruiting Company Specialty Team has provided its insurance clients with superior insurance industry talent acquisitions by matching Top Insurance Professionals with Employers in the Boston, California Metro Area.
Whether you are seeking a CEO or to build an entire insurance team overnight, Reaction Search's Boston Recruitment Firm is the answer; we connect time-strapped employers with talented insurance industry candidates.
Our highly trained executive search firm teams have real-world insurance industry experience and insight, making them the best suited for conducting financial executive recruitment to enhance the staffing infrastructure in both private and public organizations.
The Boston Insurance Executive Search Company Teams provides recruiting services for clients in the Advertising, Biotechnology, Banking, Business Services, Information Technology, Construction, Consumer Products, Computer Software & Hardware, Finance, Human Resources, Healthcare, Insurance, Industrial, Legal, Marketing, Technology, Manufacturing, Medical, Outsourcing, Pharmaceutical, and Telecommunications industries.
Our Insurance Recruiting Agencies specializes in the following search areas:
- Sales
- Actuarial
- Underwriting
- Account Management
- Customer Service/New Business
A Nationwide Insurance Recruitment Agency Network in Boston, CA:
As a nationwide insurance executive staffing firm with an expansive network of professional insurance industry recruitment agencies located in most major cities across the nation, Reaction Search and its insurance top executive search firm teams are dedicated to identifying, evaluating, recruiting, and delivering the highest-caliber insurance industry professionals by utilizing an established process in matching and delivering high-caliber insurance industry candidates, who are prepared to begin contributing to your company immediately, with positions that fit their unique skill set.
What sets RSI's Boston Headhunters apart from others?
One of the many dimensions that make our insurance recruitment firm truly unique is the fact that they are insurance executive industry insiders. Our Boston insurance job recruiters have actually worked in the positions for which they now recruit talent. With this unique insight and perspective, they are better equipped to deliver search results that continue to uphold and ensure our firm's consistently high retention rates within the Boston Insurance Search Recruitment.
Because our Boston insurance headhunters are familiar with the key Boston insurance industry players and the "ins and outs" of the Boston insurance field, they know the questions to ask, and are able to quickly and effectively assess candidate competency. These insights amongst other dimensions enable our Boston insurance recruiting firms to consistently recruit premium insurance industry candidates. These are just a few of many ways in which our Boston insurance recruiters distinguish themselves from insurance executives who are just trying to hastily fulfill an executive job search.
From start-up to Fortune 500 companies, our extensive Boston insurance industry knowledge base and proven track record of accomplishments enables our firm, RSI, to expeditiously and thoroughly tailor and fulfill each Boston Insurance Executive Recruiting. Simply, we provide outstanding service and bottom line results by servicing a comprehensive range of disciplines.
San Diego, California Executive Search Recruiters San Diego's largest economic sectors are: defense/military, tourism, international trade, and research/manufacturing. In San Diego County, 5% of jobs are military-related and 15,000 businesses rely on Department of Defense employees and contractors. Every year about 30 billion people visit San Diego. They spend an estimated $15 billion locally. The city also hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, the San Ysidro Port of Entry. Every year, the Port of San Diego handles over 1.1 million tons of total trade. In addition, San Diego is a center for research, manufacturing, and technology companies. It is home to over 400 biotech companies, 140 contract research organizations, and several other biotech, software, IT, communications, and technology manufacturing companies. Below is a list of some of the major public and private companies in the San Diego area.
Fortune 500 Companies There are two 2012 Fortune 500 Companies in San Diego. Both companies cracked the top 300. Qualcomm is a manufacturer of semiconductors for telecommunications products and services. Sempra is a natural gas utility. Both companies made over $10 billion in revenue and $1 billion in profit.
Fortune 500 Companies in San Diego
- Qualcomm (128)
- Sempra Energy (292)
- Kyocera Communications
- Leap Wireless
- Novatel Wireless
- Illumina Inc.
- Mitchell International Inc.
- Websense Inc.
- Jack in the Box
- Petco Animal Supplies Inc.
- AMN Healthcare
- Cubic Corporation
- Bridgepoint Education
- Encore Capital Group
San Diego, California Executive Search City Snapshot: Welcome to San Diego, California. Surf's up dude! San Diego, also known as "America's Finest City," "City in Motion," "Plymouth of the West," and "Silicon Beach," is a large, beautiful city in Southern California, along the Mexican border. San Diego is known for its warm year-round climate and its extensive network of beaches along the Pacific coast. It is also a popular tourist destination. In 2010 Forbes.com listed San Diego 10th on its list of "America's Most-Visited Cities." Over the years San Diego has produced many famous people, including: Oakland A's General Manager Billy Beane; Blink-182; NFL players Drew Brees, Aaron Rodgers, Junior Seau, and Alex Smith; actors Annette Bening, Nick Cannon, Ted Danson, Robert Duvall, Dennis Hopper, Mario Lopez, and Gregory Peck; old-west sheriff Wyatt Earp; author Theodor Geisel (AKA Dr. Seuss); Padres Hall of Famer Tony Gwynn; skateboarder Tony Hawk; McDonald's founder Ray Kroc; the NBA's Bill Walton; snowboarder Shaun White; and musician/ director Frank Zappa.
Population: 1,307,402
Metropolitan Area: 2.88 million
Major Industries: Defense/ Military, Tourism, International Trade, Research/ Manufacturing, Telecommunications, High-Tech, Biotech, Software, and Information Technology
Attractions: San Diego Zoo, Mission Beach, USS Midway Museum, Coronado Beach, La Jolla Beach, Imperial Beach, Silver Strand Beach, Old Town San Diego State Historic Park, Cabrillo National Monument, Mission Basilica San Diego de Alcalá, etc.
In 2010, 45.1% of San Diego's residents identified as White (non-Hispanic), 28.8% Hispanic, 15.6% Asian, 6.3% Black, 3.3% biracial, and 1% some other race. In 1970 the city's non-Hispanic White population was 78.9%. Hispanics made up the largest racial group in the 18-and-under population and Whites made up 63.1% of the 55-and-over population. The median Hispanic age was 27.5 and the median White age was 41.6. It is clear in which direction the city's racial demographics are shifting. Also in 2010, a whopping 25.7% of the city's residents were foreign born, with 11.3% coming from Latin America and 10.5% coming from Asia. This was somehow below California's foreign-born rate of 26.2%.
RSI's Executive Search and Recruiting services can best suit executives looking for a premier San Diego Executive Search Firm.
As the leading San Diego Executive Search Firm, RSI understands the San Diego, California market for executives and managers looking to be part of the accounting team at some of the nation's top companies.
REDUCE HIRING RISK IN SAN DIEGO, CA Hiring the wrong person can be a costly mistake. Being one of the nation's leading executive search firms, Reaction Search can minimize the risks associated with recruiting a new employee. Our recruiting experts conduct in-depth candidate reviews to evaluate the competency and quality of each candidate we recommend to our clients. We conduct extensive background and reference checks. When we send you a candidate, we do so with the utmost confidence that the candidate meets your criteria, and would be an asset to your organization.


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At least one person was hurt Wednesday after a string of collisions in East Fort Worth in which a truck hauling a modular home slammed into an overpass, shearing off part of the home's roof.
Officials have not yet revealed the cause of the crash, but from Chopper 5 it's evident the home suffered significant damage to the roof after it apparently collided with a bridge. Part of the home's roof has been sheared off, exposing the framework, insulation and other building materials.
The driver of the truck came to a stop along the southbound Frontage Road to East Loop 820 in front of the Lancaster Avenue Bridge.
The latest news from around North Texas.
The second vehicle believed to be involved in the crash came to a stop in the southbound lanes of Loop 820. After being removed from the sedan by firefighters, medical personnel transported the driver to an area hospital.
The conditions of those involved in the crash are not yet known.
Traffic in the southbound lanes of East Loop 820 was reduced from two lanes to one while the scene was cleared. The roadway has since been reopened.


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MSNBC anchor speculated on NYC terrorist threat and Al Qaeda's "beef" with Bushies
During the July 7 broadcast of MSNBC News Live, MSNBC anchor Amy Robach, in an interview with former FBI New York bureau assistant director Bill Gavin, echoed unsubstantiated claims that New York City will be a "bigger target" than Boston when the cities host this summer's Republican and Democratic National Conventions, respectively. She asked if that was because New York will host President George W. Bush and the Republican National Convention -- "the same government that chose to go to war with Iraq and Al Qaeda has much of a beef against."
From the July 7 broadcast of MSNBC News Live:
ROBACH: Officials have said New York is a bigger target than Boston. Do you think that's because President [George W.] Bush will be there? This is the Republican Convention, the same government that chose to go to war with Iraq and Al Qaeda has much of a beef against. Or is it because of the symbolic targets that are available in New York?
GAVIN: I think probably a little bit of both, Amy. The fact that the president and vice president and their families will be there, and the fact that the initial catastrophe of 9-11 occurred in New York, and to have somebody do something else to that city would just be hideous. In Boston, of course, you have a presidential candidate and a vice-presidential candidate will be here as well, so, it may be -- I don't know how these people think. They could think totally different than the way we believe they will.
As Media Matters for America has noted, the unsourced speculation that New York is a bigger terrorist target than Boston, which will host the Democratic National Convention, is consistent with recent predictions made by Bush administration officials, including national security adviser Condoleezza Rice and President Bush. Referring to the March terrorist attack in Madrid, both Rice and Bush expressed the concern that terrorists might try to affect the outcome of the U.S. presidential election in November just as many believed they were able to do in Spain, where three days after the attack the pro-Bush president lost his bid for reelection.
Robach's statement on MSNBC recalled The New York Times' July 4 assertion that "New York is regarded as a higher risk than Boston by counterterrorism officials because President Bush is a Republican and because of consistent intelligence." And on May 27, CNN justice correspondent Kelli Arena, also under the guise of a statement of fact, reported on CNN's Wolf Blitzer Reports: "[T]here is some speculation that Al Qaeda believes it has a better chance of winning in Iraq if John Kerry is in the White House." As Media Matters for America has previously noted, repetition of this unsourced speculation has the effect of, in the words of the Center for American Progress, "spread[ing] the unsubstantiated myth that al Qaeda has a preference [for Kerry] in the upcoming U.S. elections."
On May 28, Media Matters for America cited a March 17 Reuters article reporting evidence that suggests terrorists have precisely the opposite preference: In a statement claiming responsibility for the Madrid bombings that killed nearly 200 people in March, the Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades -- a terrorist organization that claims to have ties to Al Qaeda -- said it wants to see President Bush reelected in November.
[This item resulted from a reader tip. Thanks and keep them coming!]


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50 the most fresh and relaxing bedroom color ideas 44
The Mystery of The Most Fresh and Relaxing Bedroom Color Ideas No One Is Discussing The Upside to The Most Fresh and Relaxing Bedroom Color Ideas Whatever style you decide on, a creative use of color can create a significant impact in establishing that peaceful bedroom space. The colours of a space probably possess the largest initial effect on how you are feeling in that space. The colors you select for the room play a major part for producing the ambiance. You are able to concentrate on a single color, bringing in various shades, or mix in complementary hues from the exact same color family. The adventurous color is famous for its capacity to energize, and therefore don't be shocked if it is a little simpler to awaken in a cherry-red bedroom. It is possible to inject various colors in little frequencies. SHERWIN-WILLIAMS SEA SALT If you're searching for a lovely coastal paint color, Sherwin Williams Sea Salt is an excellent color to think about. The Battle Over The Most Fresh and Relaxing Bedroom Color Ideas and How to Win It No matter which type of environment you need to create, there's a color scheme which will help set the tone. The color schemes play the main part on producing the room ambiance. If you're interested in knowing more about color schemes for bedrooms, and the way to begin making the space you want, keep reading. Getting the Best The Most Fresh and Relaxing Bedroom Color Ideas Highly intellectual, you get a wonderful mind for abstract topics and company. One of my preferred methods to decorate is with a couple low maintenance plants. There's a plenty of storage ideas assist you in bedroom decorating ideas. Planning the ideal bedroom design idea doesn't have to be hard. What Needs to be Done About The Most Fresh and Relaxing Bedroom Color Ideas The floor provides an awareness of balance with its contrasting appearance. Finally if your room has a terrific view then you may produce the closure of the balcony made from glass and add some basic curtains. Also, putting a couple... Read more » Read More


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Earlier, @ESPN_Colin tweeted: "Just had my prostate exam. I think Im going to lay down. Forever."
We wouldn't mind if Cowherd laid down [sic] forever; never mind, of course, that the pain incurred by listening to The Herd probably rivals the sharp twinges of a prostate examination.
That said, Colin has stumbled upon an important public health tip for Deadspin's readership. Assuming average risk, men should get their prostates examined first at age 50, and frequently thereafter. (Cowherd is 47.) If you're more susceptible, get screened earlier. It's so simple, you can learn from a dick.
Thank you for your continued support of Deadspin. You guys are dogs, not cats. Weekend plans: The Brian Hickey Experience on Saturday and Sunday, with a cameo or two for the NFL bonanza. You'll love it, we swear.