text:
Salt Water Intrusion Meeting
June 23-27, 2008
Naples Beach Hotel & Golf Club
Naples, Florida, USA
Conference Proceedings Book
Available speaker presentations
may be viewed from the
Program Agenda
Photo Gallery
opening the gallery, click the green arrow
to start the slide show)
Last updated:
conference is designed to bring together scientists,
engineers, water resource managers, and policy makers who
are actively involved in and/or affected by salt water
intrusion, management of coastal aquifers, and submarine
groundwater discharge. This includes those studying the
marine environment as well as those from the terrestrial
side. Participants from academia, private consulting firms,
local, state, and national government agencies will interact
in an informal and relaxed environment to summarize and
review state-of-the-art methods for investigating salt water
Return to Index
participants should expect to have a meaningful experience
that fosters:
of new ideas and directions for future work.
up-to-date understanding on the issues related to salt
water intrusion.
opportunity to form new collaborative relationships and
to renew existing ones.
Return to Index
In keeping with
40 years of the SWIM tradition, the Florida meeting will
consist of an informal environment where students and those
new to the field can meet established and well-known salt
water intrusion scientists and engineers. A workshop on salt
water intrusion modeling will also be offered. Southern
Florida has a lot to offer to SWIM participants including
field trips to the Everglades, Florida Keys, and locations
of some of the first field studies of salt water intrusion.
This is the first time the meeting will be held outside of
Europe. The previous meeting in Cagliari, Italy, 2006 was a
combined meeting of SWIM and SWICA. There it was agreed to
combine the two organizations under the SWIM name and that
SWIM would be held outside Europe every second meeting. The
venue of the 2010 SWIM meeting is planned to be Portugal.
Additional information on SWIM can be found at:
Additional information on SWICA can be found at:
The purpose of
the 20th Salt Water Intrusion Meeting is to provide a forum
for scientists, engineers, water resource managers, and
planners to share their research, ideas, and
recommendations. This conference provides a unique
opportunity to meet well-known and respected scientists and
engineers in the field of salt water intrusion. Conference
participants will have the opportunity to receive feedback
on their research and management issues and to form
collaborative relationships with those encountering similar
studies of saltwater intrusion
of coastal aquifers
groundwater discharge
density flow and transport modeling
Effects of
sea level rise and climate change
Case studies
of saltwater intrusion
Impacts of increased
water demand on coastal water resources and ecosystems
Use of satellite and
remote sensing to characterize coastal water systems
Call for Papers
Paper Submission is now Closed.
conducting research on all aspects related to Salt Water
Intrusion are strongly encouraged to submit a paper (no more
than four pages in length) representing an oral or poster
presentation. The Scientific Committee will select oral
presentations for the Salt Water Intrusion Meeting from
submitted papers based on relationship to conference topics.
Those not selected for oral presentation are encouraged to
present their work in poster format. ALL papers, both oral
and poster, will be published in the book of papers and will
also be posted on the Conference website following the
Papers must be submitted ONLINE via this web site no
later than February 15, 2008. The organizing committee
will be reviewing all paper submissions and will contact you
by March 3, 2008 with a decision regarding your
presentation status and comments on your paper. The revised
and final paper will be due no later than April 8, 2008.
Please note
that oral and poster presenters must register for the
Paper Submission is
now Closed.
SWIM Agenda
SWIM Agenda - PDF)
Available speaker presentations may be viewed from the
Program Agenda
Sunday, June 22, 2008
Early Bird Social & Poster setup, Registration Open
Monday, June 23, 2008
Conference Registration Open
Morning Refreshments
Welcome & Announcements - Christian Langevin,
Meeting Organizer, and Others
General Session I: Case Studies in Salt Water
Assessing Well Field Impacts on Water Quality in the
Upper Floridan Aquifer in Southwest Florida
- Terry Bengtsson (Featured Speaker)
l View
Presentation l
Modeling of Historical Evolution of Salt Water
Distribution in the Phreatic Aquifer in and around
the silted up Zwin Estuary Mouth (Flanders, Belgium)
Luc Lebbe
Assessment of Groundwater Resources by a Seawater
Intrusion Mathematical Model in the Rmel Coastal
Aquifer (Morocco)
- Alex Chang
Dynamic Groundwater Equilibrium during a Base Level
Drop: The Dead Sea Case -
Yael Kiro
Refreshment Break
General Session II: Case Studies in Salt Water
Intrusion, continued
Simulation of Processes Controlling Migration of
Saline Water and Brine above a Flooded Salt Mine in
Western New York, USA
Richard Yager
A Case Study of Finite-Element Numerical Modeling on
Salt Water Intrusion for the Ping-Tung Plain -
Jing-Yea Yang
Salt Water Intrusion in the Shallow Aquifers of
Eloisa Di Sipio
Vulnerability Assessment of Groundwater Aquifer due
to the Construction of the City Tunnel in Malmö,
Sweden -
Kenneth M Persson
Lunch in Sunset Terrace
General Session III: Management of Coastal Aquifers
An Assessment of the Impact of Geologic
Heterogeneity on Predictions of Seawater Intrusion
in Coastal Aquifers -
Whitney Trainor
(Featured Speaker)
Artificial Recharge of Fresh Water in the Belgian
Coastal Dunes
- Alexander Vandenbohede
Management of the Iao and Waihee Aquifer Areas With
the Aid of a 3-D Numerical SUTRA Model, Maui, Hawaii
- Stephen Gingerich
Pumping of Brackish and Saline Water in Coastal
Aquifers: An Effective Tool for Alleviation of
Seawater Intrusion
- Mohsen Sherif
Managing Seawater Intrusion Using Multiple-depth
Monitoring Wells
- Wes Danskin
Field Validation of Simulation-Optimization Model
for Protecting Excessive Pumping Wells -
Namsik Park
General Session IV: Variable Density Flow and
Transport Modeling
Benchmarks for Two- and Three-Dimensional
Variable-Density Ground-Water Flow Simulators:
Analytical Expressions for Unstable Convection
Clifford Voss
Solute Extraction in Variable Density Flow: Shock
Wave Driven Transport Compared to Pumping -
Shaul Sorek
Use of Image Analysis to Develop New Benchmarking
Datasets for Variable Density Flow Scenarios -
Rohit Goswami
Modeling of the Potential for Vertically Downward
Saltwater Migration from a Dredge Pond -
Peter Andersen
Freshwater-Saltwater Mixing Zone in Coastal
Aquifers: Biased vs. Reliable Monitoring -
Eyal Shalev
Simulation of Coastal Wastewater Injection in Hawaii
using SUTRA, and the Value of Compelling
Visualizations in Conveying Results to the
Non-Specialist Public -
Charles D Hunt, Jr.
Welcome Reception on Ocean Lawn
Tuesday, June 24, 2008
Conference Registration Open
General Session V: Submarine Groundwater Discharge &
Field Studies
Analytical Benthic Flux Model Forced by
Surface-Water Waves: Application to the South
Atlantic Bight, USA -
Jeffrey King
(Featured Speaker)
Mechanisms Driving Submarine Groundwater Discharge
and Associated Radium Flux: Implications for Use of
Radium as a Tracer
Holly Michael
The Role of Fresh and Saline Submarine Groundwater
Discharge in Nutrient Contribution to Coastal
Seawater, Dor Bay (Israel)
Yishai Weinstein
Global Land-Ocean Linkage: Direct Inputs of Water
and Associated Nutrients to Coastal Zones via
Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD)
Hans H. Dürr
Causes of Borehole Flow and Effects on Vertical
Salinity Profiles in Coastal Aquifers -
Delwyn Oki
Characterization of Local Rainwater Lenses in
Agricultural Areas with Upward Saline Seepage:
Monitoring Results -
Perry de Louw
General Session VI: Field Studies of Salt Water
Altered Hydroperiod and Saltwater Intrusion in the
Bald Cypress Swamps of the Loxahatchee River -
David Kaplan
An Investigation of Groundwater Flow on a Coastal
Barrier using Multi Electrode Profiling -
Søren Erbs Poulsen
Pumping Test Analyses in an Aquifer with Fresh
Water/Salt Water Interface -
Liliana Cecan
Assessing the Extent of Saltwater Intrusion in the
Aquifer System of Southern Baldwin County, Alabama -
Dorina Murgulet
Freshwater Lens Development on Padre Island, Texas
Egon Weber
General Session VII: Parameter Estimation
Incorporating Initial Conditions in the Model
Calibration Process
John Doherty
(Featured Speaker)
Saltwater Intrusion and Hydraulic Conductivity
Estimation in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana -
Frank Tsai
General Guidance Concerning Inverse Modeling
Techniques and Value of Field Data Types for
Seawater Intrusion Simulation -
Clifford Voss
Efficient Calibration of Seawater Intrusion Models
Juan José Hidalgo
Calibration of a Density-Dependent Groundwater Flow
Model of the Lower West Coast Floridan Aquifer
System -
Jorge Restrepo
Saltwater/Freshwater Interface Movement in Response
to Deep-Well Injection in a Coastal Aquifer -
Alyssa Dausman
General Session VIII: Geochemistry
Chemical and Isotopic Evidence for Seawater
Intrusion – Examples from the Coastal Aquifers of
the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea
Yoseph Yechieli
(Featured Speaker)
Base Exchange Indices as Indicators of Salinization
or Freshening of (Coastal) Aquifers -
Pieter Jan Stuyfzand
Use of Geochemical Tools to Study Groundwater
Salinization in Volcanic Islands: a Case Study in
the Porto Santo (Portugal) and Santiago (Cape Verde)
Islands -
Maria Teresa Condesso de Melo
Geochemistry of Phosphorus in a Carbonate Aquifer
Affected by Seawater Intrusion -
Rene Price
Time Scale of Water-Rock Interaction Processes in
the Fresh-Saline Water Interface of Coastal Aquifers
Amos Russak
Utilizing Stable Isotopes (2H, 18O)
to Better Identify Different Water Types of the
Floridan Aquifer System in Southwest Florida
Ed Rectenwald
Poster Presentations & Social
Wednesday, June 25, 2008
Optional Field Trip
Thursday, June 26, 2008
General Session IX: Variable Density Flow &
Transport Modeling
Variable Density Flow and Transport in Tsunami
Impacted Coastal Aquifers: Laboratory Investigations
in Homogeneous Saturated Porous Media -
Meththika Vithanage
(Featured Speaker)
The Delayed Effects of Variable Density Flow on Flow
and Heads in Fresh Groundwater -
Frans Schaars
Experimental Mapping of the Saltwater/Freshwater
Mixing Zone
Elena Abarca
Virginia Ground Water Withdrawal Permitting Program
Modeling for Resource
Management -
Roberta Patton
A Saltwater Upconing Model to Evaluate Wellfield
Gregory Council
Dispersive Behavior of the Mixing Zone between a
Shallow Freshwater Lens and Upward Seeping Saline
Groundwater -
Sara Eeman
General Session X: Impacts of Increased Water
Demand, Optimization Modeling, & Case Studies
Brackish Groundwater as a New Resource for Drinking
Water, Specific Consequences of Density Dependent
Flow, and Positive Environmental Consequences -
Theo Olsthoorn
Analytical Method for Preliminary Management of
Pumping and Injection in Coastal Areas -
Namsik Park
Compositional Change of Groundwater Chemistry in the
Shallow Aquifer of Small Tropical Island Due to
Seawater Intrusion
Ahmad Zaharin Aris
The Use of Mapping the Salinity Distribution Using
Geophysics on the Island of Terschelling for
Groundwater Model Calibration
Arjen Kok
Verifying the Use of Specific Conductance as a
Surrogate for Chloride in Seawater Matrices -
Robert Mooney
General Session XI: Management of Coastal Aquifers
Salt Water Intrusion Modeling in the Flemish Coastal
Plain based on a Hydrogeological Database -
Dieter Vandevelde
Management of Coastal Aquifers -- The Case of a
Peninsula -- State of Qatar -
Nauman Rashid
Evaluating Safe Yield for Supply Wells in an Aquifer
with Fresh Water / Salt Water Interface -
Gregory Nelson
Saltwater Intrusion Monitoring in the Biscayne
Aquifer near Florida City, Miami-Dade County,
Florida: 1996-2007 -
Christopher Peters
Dynamics of Negative Hydraulic Barriers to Prevent
Seawater Intrusion
María Pool
Alternative Approaches for Water Extraction in Areas
Subject to Saltwater Upconing -
David Tarbox
Seawater Intrusion in Australia - A National
Perspective of Future Challenges -
Adrian Werner
(Featured Speaker)
Planning for 2010 & 2012 SWIMs
Dinner on Own
PEST Fest*
FEST: A Festive Primer on the PEST Software for
Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Analysis
A short PEST FEST will be held between 7pm and 9pm
on Thursday June 26th.
The FEST will be a relaxed and happy occasion,
hosted by John Doherty, author of PEST. The other
entertainer will be Alyssa Dausman from the Fort
Lauderdale office of USGS, who has lots of PEST and
SEAWAT experience.
John will speak for about an hour on parameter
estimation using regularised inversion. He will show
how the use of many parameters instead of just a few
(when combined with high-end parameter estimation
software that can undertake the necessary
regularisation) can lead to:
model predictions of maximum likelihood and
minimum uncertainty;
an ability to quantify uncertainty;
an ability to assess the contributions made by
different parameter types to predictive
an ability to formulate a strategy for future
data acquisition which will most effectively
reduce predictive uncertainty.
Alyssa will then make a short informal presentation
on her experience in using PEST to calibrate her
models, including some practical advice in using
PEST with density dependent models.
Following the presentations, there will be a short
time for questions, and discussions on any issues
that FEST-goers would like to raise.
All are welcome to attend.
Admission is free.
Friday, June 27, 2008
General Session XII: Variable Density Flow &
Transport Modeling
Salinization by Free Convection in Heterogeneous
Aquifers: Results from a Numerical Modeling Study -
Vincent Post
(Featured Speaker)
An Assessment Tool for Aquifer Storage and Recovery
in Stratified Coastal Aquifers -
Mark Bakker
Tidal Effects on Transient Dispersion of Simulated
Contaminant Concentrations in Coastal Aquifers -
Ivana La Licata
The Influence of Three-Dimensional Dune Topography
on Salt Water Intrusion in Marina Romea, Italy: A
Numerical Modeling Study Using LIDAR data -
Pauline Mollema
Simulations of the Dynamics of Surface
Water-Groundwater Interactions in a Coastal
Environment During a 25-Year/72-Hour Storm
William Hutchings
Numerical Modeling of a Salinity Intrusion
Barrier: Saltwater Intrusion Prevention System -
Charles Tate
General Session XIII: Effects of Sea Level Rise &
Climate Change & Geophysics
Impacts of Climate Change on the Coastal Groundwater
Systems in The Netherlands -
Gualbert Oude Essink
Climate Change Impact in a Shallow Coastal
Mediterranean Aquifer, at Saïdia, Morocco -
Júlio Carneiro
An Investigation into Control of Saltwater Intrusion
Considering the Effects of Climate Change and Sea
Level Rise - Hany Abd-Elhamid
Time Domain Electromagnetic Induction and High
Resolution Electric Resistivity Soundings to Map
Salt Water Intrusion in Coastal Sandy Aquifers, Los
Angeles County, California -
Ted Johnson
Large-scale Geoelectrical Measurements to
Investigate a Buried Valley and its Interaction to
Deep Saltwater Intrusion -
Joern Schuenemann
Evolution of the Marine Intrusion Using Geophysical
Methods after 25 Years in the Motril-Salobreña
Aquifer (Southern Spain)
Carlos Duque
Wrap up Conference - Meeting Organizer
Density-Dependent Flows Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method –
Kathleen (Katie) Bardsley
Physical and
Numerical Modeling of Buoyant Groundwater Plumes –
Formation and Entrapment in the Eastern Mediterranean
Coastal Plain Aquifer –
Mati Caspi
The Interplay
Between Tidal Fluctuations and Physical Heterogeneity on
Seawater Intrusion –
Eduardo Castro
Groundwater Discharge at an Open Ocean Marine Beach in
California –
Nicholas de
Study on Impact of Heterogeneity of Costal Aquifers on
Movement of Transition Zone (TZ) between Freshwater and
Saltwater Induced by Pumping –
Guoping Ding
Quality Monitoring on Northeast Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico –
Study for Raw Water Supply to a Proposed Reverse Osmosis
Plant –
Weixing Guo
The Role of
Salt Sources in Density-Dependent Flow –
Juan José Hidalgo
Behaviors of Fresh-Saline Water Interactions in Coastal Zone
– Kue-Young Kim
The Use of Mapping the
Salinity Distribution Using Geophysics on the Island of
Terschelling for Groundwater Model Calibration
Arjen Kok
Simulation of a Coastal Aquifer in Rhode Island –
Proposal of a
Methodology for the Optimal Design of Monitoring Networks
Coastal Aquifers Mmanagement –
Julia Marangani
The Coastal Karstic Aquifer of Vlora (Albania) –
Maurizio Polemio
Integration for Modelling Seawater Intrusion –
María Pool
Influence of
Sea Water Ingress : A Case Study from East Coast Aquifer in
India –
Surendra Sharma
Evolution of
Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers of Pontina Plain
(Italy) –
Luigi Tulipano
Vertical and Horizontal Migration of Injected Fresh
Wastewater into a Deep Saline Aquifer using Natural Chemical
Tracers –
Virginia Walsh
Water Quality Trends Observed in the Lower Hawthorn Aquifer
of Southwestern Florida, Occurrences and Solutions –
Michael Weatherby
Geophysical Investigation of the German North Sea Coastal
Area –
Helga Wiederhold
Effects of Natural and Anthropogenic Stresses on Long-Term
Saltwater Intrusion in a Coastal Aquifer –
Michael Zygnerski
Field Trip
Schedule - Wednesday, June 25, 2008
An airboat ride
will be given to all field trip attendees, on airboats that
seat a maximum of 18 guests. The airboats will leave
approximately every 8 minutes to insure everyone a seat into
the backwaters of the Big Cypress National Preserve which
borders the northern edge of Everglades National Park. The
airboat ride will last approximately 35 minutes. Attendees
will also be allowed to view native Florida wildlife in an
animal sanctuary and have the opportunity to safely hold a
small alligator while a colleague takes a photo of them.
Following the airboat ride, the field trip attendees will
re-board the buses for a trip to Rookery Bay National
Estuarine Research Reserve for a 45 minute presentation by
the educational staff of the facility. Rookery Bay will
also allow the attendees to eat their boxed lunches during
the presentation. They do recycle at the Rookery Bay so
items will need to be put in the proper receptacles
following lunch. Upon conclusion of the presentation,
attendees will enjoy, at no charge, to view their
educational learning facility which includes their aquarium
and interactive displays. Attendees will also have the
opportunity to purchase items in their store. Rookery Bay
will have educational pamphlets and brochures available for
the attendees.
We will then re-board the buses at Rookery Bay with staff
from the South Florida Water Management District for a tour
of the Picayune Strand State Forest, which is currently
undergoing hydrologic restoration. We will include a couple
of stops for the group for a first-hand look at the project.
Following the tour of Picayune Strand State Forest, the
buses will return to the Naples Beach Hotel and Golf Club by
registration fee provides full participation in the
conference, conference materials, a printed Book of Papers,
the Sunday evening early bird social, the Monday evening
welcome reception, daily continental breakfast and
mid-morning/afternoon refreshments (Wednesday excluded), the
Tuesday evening poster session social, and the daily lunches
(Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday).
The guest registration fee includes two lunches and the
evening receptions.
The guest room block and group rate that has been
negotiated with the hotel includes costs incurred to provide
us with the large quantity of meeting space we require for
our meetings. If we do not occupy a sufficient amount of
guest rooms throughout the meeting, we will incur
additional costs for meeting room rental charges. Therefore,
we encourage all meeting participants to stay in the host
hotel. Consequently, guests not staying at the Naples
Beach Hotel during the conference will be charged a $100
facilities fee to cover their portion of meeting room rental
charges incurred. [Explanation of
Facilities Usage Fee]
NOTE: The Early
Registration deadline has been extended to March 14, 2008.
Pre-Conference Short Course
"Variable Density Modeling and Hydrogeochemical
Analysis of Seawater Intrusion"
June 20-22, 2008 | Limited Space | Register by
April 1, 2008
Meeting Attendees
Student Attendees
Guest Attendees
Field Trip
We are
delighted you wish to register for this event.
Advanced registration is closed, however,
we will be happy to register you onsite
and look forward to your participation.
Policy: Requests for refunds will be honored if a
written notification of cancellation is received by the
Office of Conferences & Institutes IFAS, University of
Florida by Monday, April 28, 2008. A processing fee of
$75.00 will be deducted from all conference registration
refunds. A processing fee of $50.00 will be deducted from
all guest fees. No refunds will be honored for cancellations
after Monday, April 28, 2008.
Refund Policy
for Optional Pre-Conference Short Course: Requests for
registration refunds will be honored if written notice of
cancellation is received by the Office of Conferences and
Institutes on or before Friday, April 4, 2008. A $75.00
processing fee will be deducted from all student refunds and
a $150 processing fee will be deducted from all regular
attendee refunds. No refunds will be honored for
cancellations after Friday, April 4, 2008.
The meeting will
be held at The Naples Beach Hotel and Golf Club, one of
southwest Florida's most prestigious conference facilities.
The Hotel also boasts its own 18-hole championship golf
course, tennis courts, large free form pool, and many
activities for the enjoyment of everyone in the family.
June weather in Naples consists of very warm temperatures,
balmy breezes, sunny skies and an occasional shower, with an
average high of 90ºF (32ºC) and an average low of 70ºF
(21ºC). Informal dress will be appropriate throughout the
conference, and a couple of our social functions will be
held outdoors overlooking the scenic Gulf of Mexico.
Where is Naples, Florida?
Naples is situated on the edge of the Florida Everglades,
110 miles (180 km) west of Miami and Ft. Lauderdale and 150
miles (240 km) south of Tampa. The city is easily reached by
air or by automobile. Most major domestic carriers and
international airlines provide frequent service into
Southwest Florida International Airport, just 40 minutes
from the hotel, and shuttle service is available. There is
frequent commuter service from Tampa, Miami, Orlando and
Jacksonville to the Naples Airport, less than 10 miles (16
km) away.
Accompanying persons can arrange for visits to local points
of interest by contacting the Concierges Desk at the Naples
Beach Hotel and Golf Club.
The Hotel Room Block is filling up!
Please make your reservations today and state that you are
with the SWIM Conference.
The Naples Beach Hotel & Golf Club
Gulf Shore Blvd. North
Naples, Florida 34102
Phone: 1-239-261-2222
Fax: 1-239-261-8019
The Naples Beach Hotel & Golf Club is offering participants
of the Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, a very
special guest room rate of $125.00 (plus 10 % tax) up to
four people in a room. The group rate will be honored three
days prior and three days following the conference, based on
availability. Please note that a service
charge of $3.50 per person, per day will be added as
gratuities for guest service personnel.
To qualify
for the special rate, reservations must be made by May 7,
2008. Be sure to specify you are attending the
Salt Water Intrusion Meeting. After May 7, 2008,
guestrooms and the group rate may no longer be available. As
this is a discounted group rate, it is not commissionable to
travel agents.
The guest room block and group rate that has been
negotiated with the hotel includes costs incurred to provide
us with the large quantity of meeting space we require for
our meetings. If we do not occupy a sufficient amount of
guest rooms throughout the meeting, we will incur
additional costs for meeting room rental charges. Therefore,
we encourage all meeting participants to stay in the host
hotel. Consequently, guests not staying at the Naples
Beach Hotel during the conference will be charged a $100
facilities fee to cover their portion of meeting room rental
charges incurred. [Explanation of
Facilities Usage Fee]
contact the hotel directly by telephone at 1-800-237-7600
(within the U.S.) / 1-239-261-2222 (outside the U.S.) or
complete and submit the "Hotel Reservation Form."
PDF format)
Special Instructions: A first night's room
deposit must be made with a credit card to ensure
confirmation of your hotel reservation. For any reservations
that "no show", this deposit will be forfeited. Room
deposits will be considered non-refundable if canceled
within eight (8) days of your arrival date.
Please visit
the Naples Beach Hotel & Golf Club web site:
www.naplesbeachhotel.com to learn more about some of the
hotel's special features including golfing, tennis,
complimentary valet parking and much more!
Click here for directions to the hotel.
(Printable PDF)
Transportation Information
Miami International
Ground Transportation Information
Information for
Foreign Travelers
to the United States
Meeting Sponsors
Schlumberger Water Services division
specializes in assessing, developing, and managing
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Whether you're looking for field-scale data
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are here to help you address all your groundwater
projects safely and efficiently.
In-Situ® Inc., a leading manufacturer of in
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rugged, reliable and accurate instruments for field
measurement of water level and water quality.
In-Situ strives to provide the best service and
technical support in the industry.
Sponsorship Opportunities:
The Salt Water Intrusion Meeting (SWIM) provides an
excellent opportunity for organizations and companies to
become a partner in hosting this 20th Salt Water Intrusion
Meeting (SWIM) as a sponsor.
By becoming a sponsor, your organization will:
its prominence as a leader in providing salt water
intrusion services
brand recognition and national and international
product awareness
visibility in the environmental arena
Showcase new
products and services
Network with
colleagues who make decisions for small and large-scale
Be featured
on the meeting web site with a link to your home page
recognized in the meeting program and on all meeting
contributing sponsors of $1,000 or more will be recognized
on the meeting web site.
Anyone who
wishes to participate as a sponsor of the 20th Salt Water
Intrusion Meeting, please contact the Meeting Organizer,
Chris Langevin.
Printable Sponsorship
Commitment Form
PDF format
Area Information
Related Sites of Interest
Scientific Committee Members
Prof. G. Barrocu
University of Cagliari, Italy
Prof. A. Cheng
University of Missisippi, Carrier Hall, USA
Prof. T. P. Clement
Auburn University, Alabama, USA
Prof. E. Custodio
Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona,
Prof. M. D. Fidelibus
Technical University of Bari, Italy
Dr. I. Gaus
BRGM, France
Dr. S.B. Gingerich
U.S. Geological Survey, Honolulu, USA
Prof. A. Larabi
Mohammed V University of Rabat,
Prof. L.E. Marin
Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México
Dr. H. Michael
Stanford University, California, USA
Dr. A. E. Mulligan
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Massachusetts, USA
Prof. T.N. Olsthoorn
Amsterdam Water Supply and
Technical University, Delft,
The Netherlands
Prof. D. Ouazar
Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingénieurs, Rabat, Morocco
Dr. G. Oude Essink
TNO – Geological Survey of the Netherlands, The
Prof. N. Park
Dong-A University, Busan,
Republic of Korea
Dr. V.E.A. Post
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Dr. J. Reynolds-Vargas
National University, Heredia,
Costa Rica
Dr C. Robinson
Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne,
Prof. A. Sadurski
Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw
and University of Nicholas Copernicus University,
Torun, Poland
Prof. S. Sorek
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Prof. Dr. P.J. Stuyfzand
Kiwa Water Research, Nieuwegein and Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Prof. J. Tarhouni
Agronomical Institute of Tunisia, Tunesia
Dr. A. Vandenbohede
Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Dr. Weixing Guo
Missimer Groundwater Science/
A Schlumberger
Florida, USA
Dr. A. Werner
Flinders University, South Australia
Mr. Richard Yager
U.S. Geological Survey, New York, USA
Return to Index
Organizing Committee Members
Christian Langevin
U.S. Geological Survey
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Mark Bakker
Delft University of Technology and KIWA
the Netherlands
Luc Lebbe
Ghent University
Ghent, Belgium
Cliff Voss
U.S. Geological Survey
Washington, D.C.
For Further Information
Program Information
Christian Langevin, Meeting Organizer
Research Hydrologist
U.S. Geological Survey
3110 SW 9th Avenue
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33315
- and -
Courtesy Faculty
Tropical Research & Education Center
18905 S.W. 280 Street
Homestead, FL 33031
Meeting Information
Borneman, Meeting Coordinator
University of Florida, IFAS
Office of Conferences & Institutes
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The visit to La Casa Blanca was bien chivo although President Obama wasn't around to welcome me as I had hoped. I didn't tweet or blog until now because between waking at 4 a.m. for the White House tour and preparing for our trip to Miami, I'm just super cansada.
I wish I had a lot of photos to show you, but on White House tours, no cameras are allowed inside. And honestly, although it's fun to say, "I've been to the White House" – the section they allow you into is really more of a museum than actual living quarters for the family. (I didn't even so much as see "Bo" – the Obama family's dog!)
When you first walk in there are photos of the Obama family on the walls of the foyer. The very first photo prominently displayed, was President Obama with mariachi. I instinctively reached for my non-existent camera before remembering – no cameras allowed so I hadn't brought it. I did find the photo on the internet though so you can see.
(By the way, I found this photo on a website called Obama Looks Bored, which features photos of President Obama looking bored. Love it.)
There were a lot of fancy furnishings, three immense crystal chandeliers that weigh 1200 pounds each. Each chandelier takes 72 hours to clean. (And that is the extent of historical tour guide type data I retained.)
There are various rooms named for colors – The Blue Room, The Red Room (which looked hot pink to me for some reason – but I loved it), The Green Room, etc.
In the Green Room a painting caught my eye and I wanted to remember the artist so I could look it up later. Without a pen and paper I had to rely on my memory, which isn't so good. To remember things, I usually have to play word games with myself. So, to remember the artist, Jacob Lawrence, I said to myself, "Jacob Lawrence, Jacob Lawrence, Jacob Lawrence… how can I remember his name? … Oh! Jacob Have I Loved!"
Carlos immediately turned around, "Whose Jacob?"
"The artist of that painting," I said.
"No, the other Jacob you loved," he said narrowing his eyes.
He didn't believe me for several minutes that 'Jacob Have I Loved' is the name of a book.
(The painting turned out to be 'The Builders' by Jacob Lawrence, if you want to read more about it.)
Once we were outside, we were allowed to take photos, so I took a few with my cell phone camera.

subset: commoncrawl


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Drugs: ideas and traditions
Five pieces of red terra sigillata, Europe, 1401-1800
Drugs have been a central element of medical treatment in many different medical traditions. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physicians developed complex combinations of different ingredients in specific proportions to try and restore the vital energy qi in the patient's body. Physicians used their judgment to adapt the proportions of ingredients to the patient and the severity of the illness.
Building on previous knowledge - the development of drugs
In ancient Greece the physician Dioscurides (1st century CE) listed many different types of pharmakon (a Greek word meaning 'drug' or 'poison') and their effects. In the second century Galen incorporated this empirical knowledge into his humoral system, thus providing explanations for why these drugs worked in the way they did. Galen ascribed four basic qualities to all things: substances such as food and drugs could be hot or cold, and wet or dry. In this system a drug treatment aimed to create balance in the body.
New trade, new ideas
In the Middle Ages new trade routes to the Middle East introduced to Europe medical drugs used in Islamic medicine, such as balsam, myrrh and rhubarb (which became a popular laxative).
Paracelsus and chemistry
A whole new set of treatments and drugs was introduced in Europe in the 1500s by the important medical reformer Paracelsus. Paracelsus advocated 'iatrochemistry', the application of chemistry to medicine. Most famous among his new methods was the use of the metal mercury for the treatment of syphilis. His system was controversial, because it contradicted medical authorities such as Galen. Early modern physicians such as Nicholas Culpeper (1616-54) also used the 'doctrine of signatures' to determine the healing powers of a plant - its physical features were supposed to reflect its potential uses.
New plants from around the world
The reforms of Paracelsus were not the only source of change in early modern drug treatment: many new plants were imported from around the globe along trade routes, from voyages of exploration and overseas empires. From the Americas came such exciting new plants as tobacco, introduced after Columbus's voyage in 1492, and cocoa, brought to Spain by Cortez in 1528. The stimulating properties of both were frequently used for medical purposes, e.g. as tonics or cocoa suppositories.
Organising the use of drugs, testing on people
Throughout the early modern period, patients and practitioners in Europe frequently resorted to 'polypharmacy', the use of many different drugs at the same time. Patients reasoned that one of the drugs might work, but they ignored the possibility that different substances might act against each other. In the 1700s many physicians, such as the German Samuel Hahnemann, set out to systematise the use of medical drugs. He suggested testing drugs on healthy humans in order to obtain secure knowledge of a drug's effects. Hahnemann's experiments eventually led him to found a radical new method of treatment: homeopathy.
Ehrlich and the development of chemotherapy
In the early 1900s, German scientist Paul Ehrlich developed chemotherapy - his idea was to supplement vaccines and serums with synthetically produced chemical drugs. His model was quinine, a substance used to combat malaria which killed the germ but did not affect the rest of the patient's body too much. Ehrlich sought to produce new chemicals that had similar effects on other germs. Today chemotherapy is an important technique for the treatment of cancer: drugs which inhibit the growth of tumour cells supplement surgical removal and radiotherapy, but they tend to have strong side effects because they also damage other cells in the body.
Antibiotics and the use of penicillin since the Second World War
Ehrlich's work led to the development of antibiotics in the first half of the twentieth century. Since the Second World War (1939-45) antibiotics such as the ground-breaking penicillin have saved many lives on the battlefield, in the home and at the hospital. However, the widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of new strains of germs which are resistant to antibiotic treatment. These 'superbugs' have caused new concerns for doctors and public health specialists.
Related Themes and Topics
Related Objects
There are 39 related objects. View all related objects
D Greenwood, Antimicrobial Drugs: Chronicle of a Twentieth Century Medical Triumph (Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008)
M. Gijswijt-Hofstra, G. M. van Heteren and E. M. Tansey (eds), Biographies of Remedies: Drugs, Medicines and Contraceptives in Dutch and Anglo-American Healing Cultures (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002)
P U Unschuld, Medicine in China: a History of Pharmaceutics (Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986)
M Weatherall, 'Drug therapies', in W F Bynum and R Porter (eds), Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine, 1 (London: Routledge, 1993), pp 915-938
An agent that acts to encourage evacuation of the bowels
A sexually transmitted infection resulting in the formation of lesions throughout the body.
A drug that is inserted into the rectum, vagina or urethra, where it dissolves.


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Redundancy carries a high price for Nissan, Infiniti
Nissan Motor, maker of all things Nissan and Infiniti, suffers from an embarrassment of riches. It has too many good but similar products competing in the same arena. The result is confusion - and potential dilution of the Nissan and Infiniti brands.
For Nissan/Infiniti executives, the difficulty is this: How do we credibly differentiate our often similar products? How do we justify price differentials?
For Nissan/Infiniti customers, it is this: What are the real differences among the products being offered by Nissan/Infiniti? Why are some prices higher than others? Are the extra charges really worth it?
If this corporate/consumer conundrum sounds familiar to you, there is good reason. Think General Motors, Ford and Chrysler for the 40 years from 1960 to 2000. All three companies were seriously infected by what the automobile industry called "badge engineering" - differentiating products mostly by minor cosmetic changes and overblown marketing hype, minus any fundamental engineering or technical differences.
It is a dysfunction born of trying to please every consumer in every price range, aggravated by the Tyranny of Dreams - cars engineered to run faster than most laws allow, designed to cruise "open roads" that effectively are closed by traffic congestion generated by ever-growing populations, and that offer reasonable fuel economy.
At Nissan/Infiniti, the result seems to be "Q-ism," as evidenced by this week's subject automobile, the 2014 Infiniti Q60 IPL 6MT coupe. But first, some deciphering is in order:
The new Q60 coupe replaces the old Infiniti G37 coupe. But the only thing that has changed is the name. That is, the new Q60 and old G37 are technically identical.
"IPL" refers to "Infiniti Performance Line," which is a marketing bid to capture those buyers who regard themselves as "driving enthusiasts," and whose need for speed and precise vehicle handling requires something more than what is offered in the available Q60 Coupe Journey, Q60 Coupe AWD, Q60 Coupe 6MT or Q60 Coupe IPL.
What's the difference?
The rear-wheel-drive Q60 IPL 6MT offers a slightly more sophisticated suspension than do its non-IPL brethren. It provides a more powerful version of the 3.7-liter, V-6 gasoline engine installed in Q60 cars. The non-IPL Q60 models, for example, deliver 330 horsepower and 270 pound-feet of torque; the Q60 IPL gives you a maximum 348 horsepower and 276 pound-feet of torque.
"6MT" refers to six-speed manual transmission. The Q60 Coupe IPL without the "6MT" designation is equipped with a seven-speed automatic transmission that can be operated manually. "AWD" in the Q60 Coupe AWD means that, yes, it comes with all-wheel drive as standard equipment.
The real difference is in price. The Q60 Coupe IPL 6MT (standard six-speed manual transmission) starts at $51,650. The IPL version with the seven-speed automatic transmission starts at $53,550. But, for my money, the non-IPL Q60 coupe with all-wheel drive offers a better drive, ride and overall better deal than its IPL siblings with a starting price of $42,500.
I'll cause a ruckus by writing this. So be it: The expense of the IPL package, leaving prestige and ego aside, just isn't worth it. The 348-horsepower V-6 won't actually move you any faster than the 330-horsepower engine. And, even if it did, to what end? A speed limit is a speed limit is a speed limit. I've never met a traffic enforcement official who was impressed by an automobile's horsepower. Exceed the speed limit. Get caught. Get ticketed. It's that simple.
That being the case, I would bypass the Q60 IPL duo altogether. I'd go with the more sensibly priced and engineered Q60 Journey, which starts at $40,850. It does not have the red leather and brushed aluminum interior of the Q60 IPL 6MT Coupe. I don't care. I don't want a motorized bordello. I want a pleasant, fun-to-drive, fun-to-be-in automobile. That is the Q60 Journey, once known as the Infiniti G37.
Note to Nissan: Stop confusing people. Review GM's history. Eliminate redundancy in your product lineup.


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home > archive > 2001 > this article
Meet the new boss ... same as the old boss
By Vin Suprynowicz
Thirty years ago, the socialists who discovered they could successfully harness their collectivist rhetoric to the anti-Vietnam War movement (which is not to say that all who opposed that war joined the ComIntern, by any means) chafed and rebelled against the Eisenhower generation's presumption that the Dulles brothers knew what they were doing, rendering unpatriotic any opposition to the foreign policy status quo. That younger generation swore that, if and when they were ever in charge, things would be different.
Well, they are, and they are.
It's just that the "difference" they promised turns out to be not so much about open debate and tolerance of minority opinions, as ... which opinions are now unpopular enough to be censored.
"Across the nation, in response to the atrocities of Sept. 11, 2001, and to the debates and discussions that have occurred in their wake, many college and university administrators are acting to inhibit the free expression of the citizens of a free society," writes Thor L. Halvorssen of the Philadelphia-based Foundation for Individual Rights in Education on Oct. 24.
The opinions most likely to be repressed may have shifted 180 degrees ... but not the instinct to silence that with which we do not agree.
At Holy Cross College in Worcester, Mass., "The chair of the department of sociology, Professor Royce Singleton, demanded that a secretary remove an American flag that she had hung in the departmental office," Halvorssen reports. "The flag was in memory of her friend Todd Beamer, who fought and died on the hijacked United Airlines Flight 93 over Pennsylvania. When she refused, Singleton removed it himself. After unfavorable publicity, the College apologized, but the flag in question was moved to the department of psychology."
At Duke University, the administration shut down a web site after Prof. Gary Hull posted an article entitled "Terrorism and Its Appeasement," calling for a strong military response to the terrorist attacks. The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) took Professor's Hull's case to the print and broadcast media.
"Shamed by widespread publicity, Duke reinstated Hull's web page, but required him to add a disclaimer that the views expressed in the article did not reflect the views of the University," a disclaimer Duke had never previously required on any other faculty web page, Halvorssen notes.
At Florida Gulf Coast University, Dean of Library Services Kathleen Hoeth instructed her employees to remove stickers saying "Proud to be an American" from their work spaces, claiming that she did not want to "offend international students." President William Merwin revoked the policy after coming under public pressure.
In September, the University of Massachusetts granted a permit for a student rally to protest any use of force in waging the war against terrorism. The protest was held. Another student group reserved the same place to hold a rally in support of America's policy towards terrorism, but two days before the rally their permit was revoked.
"Students held the rally anyway, and their pamphlets were publicly vandalized with impunity," reports Mr. Halvorssen of FIRE.
In a widely reported case at San Diego State University, an international student, Zewdalem Kebede, overheard several other foreign students speaking loudly in Arabic in the library, expressing delight about the terrorist attacks. Kebede engaged the students and, in Arabic, challenged their positions. Kebede was accused by San Diego State University of abusive behavior toward the four students, formally admonished and warned that "future incidents [will result in] serious disciplinary sanctions."
At Central Michigan University, an administrator told several students to remove various patriotic posters (including an American flag and a portrayal of an eagle) from their dormitory. On Oct. 8, a Residential Advisor told them that their display was "offensive," and that they had until the end of the day to remove the items.
The point here is not just how out of touch left-wing academia seems to be with heartland American opinion -- though it does remain to be seen how long rank-and-file citizens will continue to pay vast sums to have their children "educated" by an intellectual class now revealed to have more sympathy with the purported grievances of Osama bin Laden than with the right of 5,300 innocent Americans to go to work in the morning without being murdered.
For it hardly solves the problem if those on "the right" grow outraged to have their flags taken down ... while asserting that suppressing the opinions of Communists and Wahhabi Muslims is merely common sense.
I find the views of both the latter mentioned parties to be by turns laughable and repulsive. But the solution is to hear them out and then ridicule them mercilessly, rubbing their rhetorical faces in their own failures. Is the Muslim peoples are the chosen of God, how come so many of them live in flyblown hellholes with no flush toilets while their corrupt poohbahs bask in all the oil wealth? Killing Americans will not solve this home-grown problem.
The pathetic buggers who cheered the mass murders of Sept. 11 cannot win a free debate -- not when Exhibits A and B are their own backward, corrupt, impoverished nations and repressive social structures, manically reverting to levels of depravity and masochism not seen in the civilized world in 300 years.
But the only way to prove that is to engage them in a free debate.So-called "institutions of higher learning" that would bar these assertion of fact based on "multicultural sensitivity," curbing robust debate to avoid "offending anyone," aren't worth the fertilizer it takes to keep grass growing on the quad.
The web site of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education is at www.thefire.org.
Vin Suprynowicz is assistant editorial page editor of the Las Vegas Review-Journal. Subscribe to his monthly newsletter by sending $72 to Privacy Alert, 561 Keystone Ave., Suite 684, Reno, NV 89503 -- or dialing 775-348-8591.
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I love tofu especially the silken and medium consistency type of soft tofu.Tofu or bean curd is a food for everyone especially toddler and elderly people.Tofu is rich in high-quality protein. It is also a good source of B-vitamins and iron .Tofu can be use or combine together in many type of dishes .Most Asian store in America carry various type of tofu in their store. You can find different brand of soft tofu ,fried tofu,marinated tofu,smoked tofu to gluten tofu.I always store few boxes of tofu at home.Tofu have long shelf life if it's remain sealed or unopened.Since I like spicy and shrimp,I combine those together with tofu and make a delicious Spicy Shrimp Tofu!!
1 box medium soft tofu(cut into 8 pieces)
10 shrimp,shelled and deviened
3 tbsp sambal tumis or sambal olek
1 tbsp sugar
salt to taste
1 tbsp tamarind powder
3-4 tbsp water
1 large onion,peeled and sliced
some chopped scallion
4-5 tbsp corn oil
1:Prepare large skillet or wok with oil at medium heat.Pan fry tofu on both side until lightly brown.Remove tofu and set aside.
2:Use the same skillet,add in sambal and sliced onion,stir both for 1--2 minutes.Add in water ,sugar ,salt and tamarind powder.Mix all ingredients well.When the sauce bubbly boil,add in shrimp.Coo for another 1-2 minutes .
3:Add in fried-pan tofu into the skillet,carefully stir and mix together.Check the seasoning before dish out and serve warm .


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I just have to publicly state my complete disappointment with international politicians.
Please, could one – just one – country in this world have enough balls and grant asylum to a whistle-blower who is faced with unjust prosecution in his home country – by the way, a country where murder is a routine form of punishment?
Maybe if I told you this man made an invaluable contribution to maintaining freedom and privacy word-wide?


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Yes, Alf has his own page. Just an excuse for some lovely pictures of the big blond idiot really!
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