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By The Clement Payne Movement, Barbados
The 'Clement Payne Movement' was founded in Barbados in 1988 by David Commissiong along with such colleagues as Trevor Prescod, Sally Comissiong, the late Martin Cadogan, Joy Workman, Onkphra Wells, David Denny, Gregory Noel, and the calypsonian Herring among others. Over the years this organization has accomplished a number of breakthroughs in Barbados and the Caribbean, including the elevation of Clement Payne ( a heroic labour leader of the 1930's) to the status of a national hero of Barbados; the celebration of Emancipation Day as an official public holiday in Barbados; the implementation of some modicum of black or African studies in the school system of Barbados; and the continuing of Caribbean opposition to aspects of American imperialism such as the economic blockade of Cuba.
Note by Alissa Trotz, Editor of In the Diaspora:
Last week, the Jamaica Observer reported the outrageous news that the Order of Excellence was conferred upon President Danilo Medina Sánchez, President of the Dominican Republic (DR), who also presented Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness the Order of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella in the rank of Grand Cross with Gold Breast. To put it bluntly, this national honour has been awarded by a Caricom country to the President of the Dominican Republic who just four short years ago defended a Supreme Court judgment effectively removing the possibility of citizenship for Dominicans of Haitian heritage, a ruling that went as far back as 1929.
What short memories we have.
How can we forget the campaign against this racist ruling that involved social activists, students from the University of Guyana and activists from Groundation Grenada sending a petition to the Caricom Secretary-General; the street theatre of Jouvay Ayiti in Trinidad and Tobago galvanising support for an online petition? How can we forget the role of the media – an editorial in the Jamaica Observer early on (the same newspaper that today can only report diplomatic protocols and niceties regarding this mutual backslapping), several columns in the Stabroek News, the two part story, Stateless in Santo Domingo, run by Trinidad and Tobago reporter Jabari Fraser? How can we forget the December 2013 site visit to the DR conducted by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. The Commission's press release concluded "that the judgment of the Constitutional Court leads to an arbitrary deprivation of nationality"; noted that they were deeply troubled by reports they received of "serious violations of the right to nationality, identity, equality before the law and non-discrimination"; and recommended that "in the spirit of collaboration in the search for a solution which respects human rights, that such a solution should: ensure the right to nationality of people who already had this right between 1929 and 2010; that measures to ensure right to nationality of persons prejudiced by the judgment should be general, automatic, non-discriminatory, simple, fair and not pose an economic burden." Where is our memory of the incredible efforts of Caribbean folks, in constant contact with colleagues in the DR, to lobby Caricom Heads? Where is the record of the incredible work done by public intellectuals like the late Norman Girvan, who tirelessly threw himself into organizing against this injustice, and who participated in a significant livestreamed panel discussion at the University of the West Indies? One of Professor Girvan's last activities before his tragic accident was to travel to Cuba to seek support for reviewing the DR's relationship with the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC). Do we not remember the Caricom Bureau meeting being held in Trinidad and Tobago that received a delegation from civil society, and where finally, after a lukewarm response, Caricom was pressured to issue a press statement condemning the abhorrent and discriminatory ruling; suspending consideration of the request by the DR for membership of CARICOM; indicating that it will review its relationship with the DR in fora like CARIFORUM, and the Organization of American States; and considering a resolution on the issue at the United Nations General Assembly condemning the ruling? And what has become of all this?
This is not Jamaica's business alone – we should all speak up and out against the travesty of awarding national honours in the face of ongoing and openly anti-black racism being perpetrated in the name of Dominicans by the Dominican state. Where is the damned shame? The term of the current chair of the Caribbean Community, Prime Minister of Grenada Keith Mitchell, comes to an end in December, and the incoming chair is the President of Haiti Jovenel Moïse. How do we ensure that this continuing outrage against Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian heritage is firmly on the Caricom agenda? It is high time and beyond time that we in the region put this continuing eyepass to an end, reflected not only in this shameful national honour but in the ongoing restrictions of Haitian movement within CARICOM countries of which it is a full member, and the profiling and harassment that takes place, from The Bahamas to Guyana. As calypsonian David Rudder eloquently puts it, Haiti, I'm sorry, we misunderstood you. One day we'll turn our heads, and look inside you.
Over the past two years, the Government of the Dominican Republic has orchestrated and /or presided over the mass deportation to neighbouring Haiti of close to 200,000 dark-skinned residents of the Dominican Republic. These persons (men, women and children) were selected for deportation on the ground that – even though they might have been born in the Dominican Republic – they are the children of so-called undocumented Haitian migrants and are therefore not eligible for Dominican citizenship.
This recent chapter in the troubled relationship between the white and mulatto establishment of the Dominican Republic and its black native sons and daughters of Haitian ancestry began on the 25th of September 2013— the date on which the Constitutional Court of the Dominican Republic decreed that some 300,000 dark-skinned persons born in the Dominican Republic of Haitian parentage were to be stripped of their Dominican citizenship and the rights that go with it.
According to the Constitutional Court, such people were to be considered "persons in transit" even if they were born in the Dominican Republic and had lived there all their lives. The Court also ordered the Dominican Government to review the birth and citizenship records of all persons going back to the year 1929; to cancel the citizenship of all those whose parents had been undocumented immigrants from Haiti; and to deport them.
This ruling of the Constitutional Court received widespread condemnation from a variety of governments, hemispheric organizations such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Organization of American States (OAS); international courts like the Inter-American Human Rights Commission and the Inter American Court of Human Rights, and by international human rights advocacy bodies such as Amnesty International. Indeed, so trenchant was the criticism and denunciation that the government of the current president of the Dominican Republic, Danilo Medina, felt compelled to pass a new law which purported to soften the barbarity of the Constitutional Court's ruling by stipulating that if the targeted persons voluntarily presented themselves to the relevant governmental authorities and applied for (and were granted) registration as "foreigners" within the Dominican Republic that they would not be deported.
Needless to say, this "new law" was also roundly condemned by international human rights bodies for continuing the policy of stripping native-born dark-skinned Dominicans of their citizenship status and rights. Indeed, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (the Judicial organ of the OAS) actually ruled that both the decree of the Constitutional Court and elements of the "new law" were illegal and null and void.
Sadly, but predictably, the Constitutional Court of the Dominican Republic responded by arrogantly declaring that the Dominican Republic's accession to the jurisdiction of the Inter American Court on Human Rights had been an unconstitutional act, and that the Inter American Court therefore had no jurisdiction in relation to the actions of the Government of the Dominican Republic.
The ultimate result of these legal machinations was that some 300,000 Black people of Haitian descent were effectively deemed non-citizens of the Dominican Republic and became, in effect, "stateless"persons. Many, if not most, of these people know little or nothing about Haiti – they were not born in Haiti; are not citizens of Haiti; do not speak French or Haitian Kreyol, and do not possess family networks in Haiti to whom they can connect.
And so it was against this background that in 2015 the Government of the Dominican Republic quietly commenced a mass deportation programme. Over the past two years, dark-skinned Dominicans of Haitian ancestry have been subjected to a reign of terror, as white and so-called mulatto Dominican Police and military personnel have targeted their homes and places of work, arresting suspected "persons in transit" and transported them to the border for immediate deportation to Haiti. In addition to such "official" deportations, there has also emerged the phenomenon of "unofficial" deportations. This phenomenon consists of armed gangs of civilians – known as "tigerres" – who take it upon themselves to violently apprehend and "deport" dark-skinned persons suspected of being of Haitian ancestry.
This mass deportation programme has been so heartless and barbaric that the International Organization for Migration has reported that thousands of unaccompanied minors have simply been deposited over the border with Haiti.
As indicated above, many of the deportees have no family support structures in Haiti, and this has resulted in the establishment of several extremely poorly-resourced refugee camps on Haitian territory to house such deportees.
Bear in mind that the Haitian authorities – still struggling with the devastating effect of the 2010 earthquake and of more recent hurricanes – is in no position to provide for these refugees. And the predictable outcome has been the outbreak of Cholera in several of these camps.
But as bad as the situation is now, it has the potential to get worse – much worse!
All of us in the Caribbean would be well advised to take cognizance of the fact that this governmental crackdown on the Black people of the Dominican Republic is occurring in a country that has long exhibited deeply rooted traits of extreme anti- Black and anti-Haitian racism. And it should be noted that the last time there was a governmental crackdown of this magnitude against people of Haitian ethnicity in the Dominican Republic – the 1937 crackdown by President Rafael Trujillo – close to 30,000 black people of Haitian ethnicity were massacred. It is this type of scenario that responsible and right-thinking members of our Caribbean community must take urgent steps to forestall.
It goes without saying that this heartless and noxious policy of the Dominican government offends several of the most important principles of International Law.
Ever since the enunciation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, with its ringing pronouncement that "everyone has the right to a nationality" and that "no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality", and the establishment of the International Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons in 1954, International Law has taken a stance against any measures that throw people into a state of "statelessness".
An important International Law measure to avoid "statelessness" is to provide nationality to children born on a country's national territory, in circumstances in which such children would otherwise be stateless. This norm is stipulated in the 1961 United Nations Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. It also appears in several regional human rights treaties, including the American Convention on Human Rights, the European Convention on Nationality, and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the child.
The ruling of the Dominican Republic's Constitutional Court and the so-called "new law" of President Medina's government therefore go against the grain of this entire trend of International Human Rights Law. The ruling also offends the well-known legal principle that prohibits the retroactive application of legislation. The Constitutional Court's ruling is actually based on a 2010 law which it has interpreted in such a manner that it is given a retroactive application going back as far as 1929. This is clearly morally, ethically and legally wrong.
The time has come for us to say enough is enough. The people of Haiti have suffered oppression and discrimination for far too long. We have also had too many centuries and too many manifestations of anti-Black racism. It must all stop now. Let us do what is necessary in this case to demonstrate an attitude of zero-tolerance of all manifestations of anti-Black racism.


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This badass bitch took the time to write a book. You should probably read it.
Amoruso went from selling stolen books on eBay to running her own incredibly successful business selling vintage clothing through her online company Nasty Gal.
She's an outlier in the world of internet and tech businesses in that she started as a home-schooled, anti-capitalist teenager who never went to university and now owns a 100-million dollar company with hundreds of employees. Her story is cool and crazy.
This book is part autobiography, part how to be a badass #GIRLBOSS guide.
#GIRLBOSS spelt in caps throughout the book. That's some great free marketing incentive built right in. And, according to Amoruso, one of the reasons Nasty Gal grew so rapidly those first few years running it from her apartment was because of the free advertising friend power of Myspace. Girl knows how to spread a word.
Most impressive about Amoruso is not her crazy business success, but her awesome work ethic.
"Life is short. Don't be lazy."
She also taught me that the quote, "With great power comes great responsibility" comes from Voltaire and not Spiderman.
Or does it? Amoruso cites Voltaire as the origin of the quote, but when I looked into it, it seems that this is one of those mysterious phrases that seems to have just phased its way into history with no provable source. The mystery continues.
One invaluable section of the book includes DOs and DON'Ts for cover letters and job interviews. As a high-profile boss for a large company (Nasty Gal now has over 255 employees), Amoruso has seen the lot. There's a very practical checklist that mirrors and adds to the advice I've heard from other hiring professionals.
The chapter on money also shines. Even if you don't start off as a dumpster-diving freegan like she did, you can appreciate her logical approach to money. As she puts it, "money looks better in your bank account than on your feet."
Although she is now worth millions, she tells us about her thrifty background (haggling with thrift store employees in her early days and never paying more for anything than she has to):
"There is no dignity quite so impressive, and no one independence quite so important, as living within your means." – Calvin Coolidge
Amoruso tells future #GIRLBOSSes not to waste time looking up to other idols, but to instead "be your own idol" this might be on-brand with Nasty Gal's values, but it also ties in with her waste-no-time mentality. If you're looking up other idols all day, you're not working on creating yourself.
Cut away anything that is holding you back (whether it's your extravagant Starbucks purchases, your star worship, or your unwillingness to work a long-ass day).
As expected, behind all the pragmatic business talk is a lady who believes in the magic of a good set of clothes:
"Clothing is the suit of armour in which we battle the world."
Amoruso's writing shows she knows herself. She writes that if she had started Nasty Gal intending for it to be a multi-million dollar company, it would have:
- Scared the shit out of her and she never would have started; OR
- She would have tried and failed to be something she wasn't (at the time).
She arrived at today by starting up a mountain, keeping her eye on what was right in front of her, and trudging ahead, working day after day, listening to her customers and working, working, working while trusting her gut instincts.
Your self + gut instincts + magical thinking + not spending all your money + hard work = success.
There's a whole section on intention setting and magical thinking. Whatever you want to call it. Call it focus. She drops magic and practical advice in the same breath. She worked hard to get where she is and she's not afraid to tell you to do the same for yourself. There might be some repetition in her writing, but the pragmatic advice is solid.
I'm pretty confident this book would not fail as a gift for any entrepreneurial lady in your life or anyone who wants to be their own boss.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
Masters of double standard, you put unnecessary and unbearable burdens on people, that you yourselves are unwilling or incapable of carrying. Unfit guides, not having the experience of God yourselves, you train others in God experience. Blind guides, immersed in the affairs of this world, and lacking light and direction to journey in the Kingdom of God, you mislead others. When you do not have sufficient love and the necessary faith in the one true God, you teach your followers the superiority of your religion, and put down other religions in hatred and intolerance. Instead of cooperating with one another in compassion, you compete with one another in pride and arrogance. Instead of discerning God's will in humble surrendering and submission, you seek this world's laurels, approval, and recognition in your stubborn self-righteousness. Like the Pharisee of old in the Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector (Luke, 18: 9-14), you are proud of your virtues, and justify yourselves. Self-centered religious leaders, you give the impression that God needs you more than you need God.
After having lived a rigorous religious life for 25 years in a religious setting I think I know the claims of religions, and their many leaders vying with one another for power. Certainly there are many good spiritual persons in religions. However, many canon lawyers and worldly administrators lacking in spirituality, love, and compassion appear to be at the helm of strategic positions in religions stalling long overdue renewal and reformation. We can pray that the gentle Spirit of God blowing over us can renew and transform us.
Previous: -Wither Humanity


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Oct. 18, 2008
NORTH DARTMOUTH, MA--Alex Horne headed in a corner kick in the seventh minute and visiting Keene State held on to defeat the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth men's soccer team, 1-0, in a Little East Conference match at the UMass Dartmouth Athletic Complex Saturday.
Horne headed in a corner kick by Nathan Gaughan to give the Owls a 1-0 lead. The defenses controlled the remainder of the game.
"It was a great conference match, Alex Horne just got free for a header on a corner kick in the first half, and we just came up a little bit short," said UMass Dartmouth Head Coach Henry Almeida. "We had a couple of good chances, but we were unlucky. Our defense played well. (Senior defender) Jesse Vezina (Somerset, MA/Somerset HS) and (junior defender) Ronnie Beaudoin (Weymouth, MA/Weymouth HS) played very well in the back for us."
The Corsairs out shot the Owls, 10-8. Freshman goalkeeper Anel Brkic (Milton, MA/Milton HS) and KSC goalkeeper Peter Kersker each made three saves.
UMD dropped to 7-7 and 2-3 in the Little East Conference with the defeat, while Keene State improved to 5-7-3 and 1-3-1 with the victory. The Corsairs will return to action when they visit Lasell Tuesday. Keene State will visit Western New England Sunday.


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The cities and ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles and surrounding communities long sought ways to improve port access to accommodate steadily increasing cargo volumes while minimizing the impact on residents and businesses. A major result of that effort is the Alameda Corridor, a 20-mile-long rail expressway linking the ports to the transcontinental railroad system near downtown Los Angeles.
The $2.4 billion Alameda Corridor is a testament to the vision, cooperation and perseverance of many entities. Here are some key dates in the evolution of the Alameda Corridor from a low-budget planning study to on-time on-budget delivery of one of the nation's largest public works projects.
Facing increases in cargo crossing their docks, ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles begin to plan for future expansion.
May 1981
Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) forms Ports Advisory Committee (PAC) in response to growing concerns about the ability of ground transportation systems to accommodate increasing levels of cargo flowing through the ports. Members include local elected officials and representatives of the ports, the U.S. Navy, Army Corps of Engineers, railroads, trucking industry and the Los Angeles County Transportation Commission (predecessor to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority).
July 1982
PAC completes highway access report that recommends comprehensive list of highway improvements, including the widening of Alameda Street from State Route 91 south to the ports.
October 1982
PAC completes rail access report recommending consolidated rail corridor.
December 1984
SCAG Executive Committee adopts plan recommended by PAC to consolidate port-related rail traffic from four branch lines into the former Southern Pacific Railroad's San Pedro Branch, a 20-mile line running parallel to Alameda Street between the ports and the transcontinental rail yards near downtown Los Angeles. This would become the general route of the Alameda Corridor.
February 1985
SCAG forms Alameda Corridor Task Force to further develop consolidated rail corridor concept. Task force begins to develop consensus on institutional arrangements, phasing and funding. Membership similar to PAC, with addition of California Public Utilities Commission and each of the eight cities along the route.
November 1988
Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles publish Consolidated Rail Corridor Strategic Plan recommending a consolidated rail corridor.
August 1989
Joint powers authority formed by the cities of Long Beach and Los Angeles to design and construct the consolidated corridor. The agency was originally called the Consolidated Transportation Corridor Joint Powers Authority. The Governing Board originally included 16 members, with representatives of all the cities along the route in addition to Long Beach and Los Angeles, the two ports and other agencies.
July 1990
Governing Board appoints first General Manager, opens temporary agency office at Huntington Park, Calif., City Hall. May 1990, Governing Board selects joint venture of Daniel Mann Johnson Mendenhall (DMJM) and Moffatt & Nichol Engineers to conduct feasibility study, prepare environmental documents.
October 1990
Governing Board recommends agency name change to Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority (ACTA) to better reflect the selected route along Alameda Street.
January 1993
ACTA Governing Board certifies Environmental Impact Report (EIR) required by the state for the project to proceed.
December 1994
Ports complete purchase of necessary rights-of-way from railroads for $394 million.
October 1995
Governing Board selects joint venture of civil engineering firms, known as Alameda Corridor Engineering Team (ACET), to serve as lead program manager. ACET includes the firms of Daniel Mann Johnson Mendenhall (DMJM), Moffatt & Nichol Engineers, Jenkins-Gales & Martinez, Inc., and TELACU.
November 1995
National Highway System Designation Act becomes law and names Alameda Corridor a "high-priority corridor," making the project eligible for a federal loan. During debate, Senators refer to Alameda Corridor as a "project of national significance."
January 1996
ACTA establishes permanent offices in Carson, Calif., and expands professional staff.
February 1996
Governing Board certifies federal Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), and federal transportation officials approve permit to construct project.
September 1996
Congress approves Transportation Appropriations Bill that includes $58.68 million needed to back a $400 million Department of Transportation loan for the Alameda Corridor.
January 1997
President Clinton hosts White House signing ceremony for $400 million loan, attended by ACTA officials, the Mayors of Long Beach and Los Angeles, and port officials.
January 1997
Composition of ACTA Governing Board changed to seven members: two representatives from each of the two ports; a representative of the Long Beach City Council; a representative of the Los Angeles City Council, and a representative of the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
March 1997
Construction commences with work on three-track rail bridge over Los Angeles River, replacing a single-track bridge first built in 1905.
June 1997
Governing Board requests authorization to utilize design-build approach on the Mid-Corridor Trench, the project's biggest contract. Subsequent Los Angeles City Council authorization saves an estimated 18 months from traditional project delivery approach by allowing design work and construction to overlap.
October 1998
Governing Board approves Use and Operating Agreement with Union Pacific Railroad and Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway. The agreement calls for railroads to pay fees for use of the Alameda Corridor, creating a revenue stream needed to pay off the federal loan and bonds.
October 1998
Governing Board awards contract for Mid-Corridor Trench, the project's single largest contract and centerpiece, to team led by Tutor-Saliba Corporation.
November 1998
ACTA dedicates first completed project of the Alameda Corridor, the Los Angeles River Bridge.
December 1998
Construction on Mid-Corridor Trench commences with groundbreaking ceremony attended by federal, state and local elected officials.
February 1999
Private investors purchase last of $1.16 billion in ACTA revenue bonds, completing the project's funding package.
November 2000
Project reaches peak construction period, with up to 1,500 people working up and down the route on any given day.
July 2001
Governing Board authorizes ACTA to manage design and construction of additional project, the Pacific Coast Highway Grade Separation. Area legislators had urged ACTA's involvement to expedite California Department of Transportation project.
August 2001
ACTA dedicates Redondo Junction project, stretching the length of eight football fields and separating commuter trains from freight trains and local streets.
September 2001
Excavation of Mid-Corridor Trench completed.
December 2001
Testing of electronic revenue collection system begins.
March 2002
Railroad track installation completed in Mid-Corridor Trench.
April 2002
Revenue operations begin following grand opening ceremony attended by federal, state and local elected officials.
March 2004
Pacific Coast Highway Grade Separation opened to traffic on time and under budget.
May 2004
ACTA pays back federal loan and refinances with new public debt to reduce interest rate.
April 2008
Sixth Anniversary marks 100,000 trains having used corridor.
April 2012
Tenth Anniversary marks over 150,000 trains having used the corridor carrying over 20 million containers and pollution reduction of 13,000 tons.


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La Trobe Asia Steering Committee
The work of La Trobe Asia is overseen by its Steering Committee.
The Steering Committee's Terms of Reference are as follows:
- It is a strategic and advisory group that will support La Trobe Asia and meet quarterly.
- It will renew, consider and endorse the annual plan prepared by the Executive Director.
- It will monitor the performance of La Trobe Asia.
- It will provide internal advice on developments of relevance to La Trobe Asia and facilitate the dissemination of information internally as appropriate, in an advocacy role.
The membership of the Steering Committee is:
- Professor Susan Dodds, Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Vice-President (Research and Industry Engagement) - from 1 June Chair
- Professor Chris Pakes, Dean Graduate Research School
- Professor Simon Evans, Pro Vice-Chancellor College of Arts, Social Sciences and Commerce
- Kelly Smith, Pro Vice-Chancellor (International)
- Professor Rachel Huxley, Pro Vice-Chancellor Research, College of Science, Health and Engineering
- Dr Sonia Reisenhofer, Acting Pro Vice-Chancellor Partnerships, College of Science, Health and Engineering
- Professor Helen Lee, Department of Social Inquiry, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, College of Arts, Social Sciences and Commerce
- Dr Savitri Taylor, Associate Professor, La Trobe Law School, College of Arts, Social Sciences and Commerce
Download a copy of the 2018 Annual Report [PDF 670KB]
Download a copy of the 2017 Annual Report [PDF 701KB]
Download a copy of the 2016 Annual Report [PDF 600 KB]
Download a copy of the 2015 Annual Report [PDF 555KB]
Download a copy of the 2014 Annual Report [PDF 616KB]
La Trobe Asia Advisory Board
La Trobe Asia has an Advisory Board to provide strategic advice to the Executive Director of La Trobe Asia and the University more broadly about its engagement with Asia and developments external to the University. The Board will provide input into developments in Asia's tertiary sector, opportunities for partnerships with institutions and organisations in Asia and provide external advice on the operations of La Trobe Asia. The Board will meet annually.
Members of the Advisory Board are:
- Rowan Callick
- Dr Meenakshi Gopinath
- Linda Jakobson
- Emeritus Professor Robin Jeffrey
- Mark Laurie
- Dr Geoff Raby
- Dr Kristen Sadler
Advisory Board Members - brief biographies
Rowan Callick
Author and columnist Rowan Callick graduated BA Hons from Exeter University, before running a publishing business in Papua New Guinea and then moving to Australia. He has three times worked as a China Correspondent, once for The Australian Financial Review (four years) and twice for The Australian (five years in total), completing his last posting in April 2018 before returning to Melbourne. He has written three books on contemporary Chinese subjects (including Party Time for Black Inc, published as The Party Forever by Palgrave Macmillan), published in both English and Chinese. He has won two Walkley Awards for coverage of China, and has won the Graham Perkin Award for Australian Journalist of the Year. He was a member of the Australian Foreign Minister's Advisory Council. He is a member of the advisory boards of La Trobe University's China Studies Centre, and of La Trobe Asia. He has been appointed an honorary fellow of the Australian Institute of International Affairs. He became in July 2018, Industry Fellow at the Asia Institute of Griffith University.
Dr Meenakshi Gopinath
Dr Meenakshi Gopinath is currently Founder and Director of WISCOMP (Women in Security, Conflict Management and Peace), an initiative that seeks to promote the leadership of South Asian women in the areas of peace, security and regional cooperation. She is also Principal Emerita of Lady Shri Ram College, New Delhi. She was the first woman to serve as member of the National Security Advisory Board (NSAB) of India.
Dr Gopinath is a member of multi-track peace initiatives in Kashmir and between India and Pakistan including the Neemrana Peace Initiative and the Pakistan India Peoples' Forum for Peace and Democracy. She has authored among others Pakistan in Transition, and co-authored Conflict Resolution – Trends and Prospects,Transcending Conflict: A Resource book on Conflict Transformation and Dialogic Engagement and has contributed chapters and articles in several books and journals on Gandhi, the politics of Pakistan, the arts Conflict Resolution, Gender and Peace Building et al. Her interests include issues of human rights and gender, conflict transformation and Buddhist and Gandhian philosophy. In recognition of her contribution to the field of women's education and empowerment, she has received several awards including:
- Padma Shri Award, Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi Award
- Rajiv Gandhi Award for Excellence in Education
- Mahila Shiromani Award
- Delhi Citizen Forum Award
- Qimpro Platinum Standard Award for Education
- Celebrating Womanhood South Asian Recognition Award for Social Harmony
- International Lifetime Achievement Award – 2009 for outstanding work in the field of Justice, Equity, Peace and Progress
- L.M. Singhvi Fellowship Award at the David Davies Memorial Institute of International Studies (DDMI), University of Wales, Aberystwyth,
- Award of Honorary Doctorate Degree for significant contribution to the education of women and the commitment to fostering global peace through Conflict Resolution, La Trobe University, Australia
Dr Gopinath serves on the Governing Boards of research institutes, NGOs, educational institutions and Corporate bodies. She also is a member of The Club of Rome, member of the UGC, the Indo German Consultative Group and Track Two initiatives in the South Asian region. She has been a Fulbright scholar and has received several fellowships including the Australian International Education Foundation Fellowship (1996-97) and the University Grants Commission Indo-Israel Exchange Fellowship (1994-1996) among others.
Dr Gopinath is an Honorary Adjunct Professor with La Trobe Asia.
Linda Jakobson
Linda Jakobson is the CEO and Founding Director of China Matters, an independent public policy initiative which aims to stimulate a nuanced and informed public discourse in Australia about China's rise and its implications for Australia. From 2011 to 2013, she served as the Lowy Institute's East Asia Program Director.
Before moving to Sydney in 2011, she lived and worked in China for 22 years and published six books on Chinese and East Asian society. Her last position in Beijing was as Director of the China and Global Security Programme at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).
Over the past three decades she has served as a policy advisor to the governments of seven countries. She is the co-author, with Dr Bates Gill, of a new book China Matters: Getting It Right For Australia (La Trobe University Press / Black Inc., March 2017).
Emeritus Professor Robin Jeffrey
Professor Robin Jeffrey taught school in India from 1967-9 and completed a doctorate in Indian history at Sussex University in 1973. He taught for 25 years in the Politics Program at La Trobe University in Melbourne, worked twice at ANU in Canberra and has lived for six years in India between 1967 and 2015.
He is an Emeritus Professor of La Trobe University and ANU, a distinguished fellow of the Australia-India Institute in Melbourne and a visiting research professor at the Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore. His most recent book, co-authored with Assa Doron of Australian National University, is Waste of a Nation: Garbage and Growth in India (Harvard University Press, 2018). Together they previously co-authored The Great Indian Phone Book (C. Hurst and Harvard UP, 2013), published in India as Cell Phone Nation (Hachette India).
His current research interest is on the development of the printing industry in India.
Mark Laurie
Mark is a Managing Partner at PwC Australia with over 35 years of verifiable year on year success collaborating with a range of organisations to achieve their goals. He has worked across a broad range of industries and geographies, including Australia, China, South East Asia, India and New Zealand.
Mark has advised on many assignments in both the Public and Private Sectors across financial & management reporting, mergers and acquisitions, market entry strategies, the development of new operating models, capital raisings, corporate restructures and associated cultural and behavioural change and risk management. Mark was the former Head of PwC's Australia - India desk.
Mark created and has lead "Ascent" – a development program for executives from the public, private and not-for-profit sectors. He was a Lieutenant in the Australian Army Reserve (Infantry – Assault Pioneer) and presents an annual paper on Aspects of the American Civil War.
Topical presentations and papers
- "Trade, Investment, Resources and Asia's Rise" - Australia India Institute & the Institute of Foreign Policy Studies
- "Connecting and growing our economy and integrating with our neighbours" - Global Foundation's Australia "Asian Century" Summit
- "Opportunities for Victoria in the Asian Century" - Victoria University's - Victoria & the Asian Century Conference
- "The use of MOOCs in Skill Development" - The Future of Higher Education & Skills Training in the Australasian Region - MOOCs and Digitisation Conference
Current Directorships & Committees
- Melbourne University's Asialink Centre
- La Trobe University Business School Advisory Board
- Melbourne Commercial Arbitration and Mediation Centre
- Independent Chairman of South Haven Group Education & training
- Bachelor of Economics (La Trobe)
- Master of Business Administration (Melbourne)
- Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants Australia
- INSEAD Advanced Management Programme Oct 2010
- Graduate AICD
Dr Geoff Raby
Dr Geoff Raby was Australia's Ambassador to China from 2007-2011. Following completion of his Ambassadorial term, after 27 years in the public service, mostly with DFAT, he resigned to establish his Beijing-based business advisory company – Geoff Raby and Associates Ltd.
Dr Raby holds a number of non-executive, independent director positions with ASX-listed companies, including OceanaGold, Yancoal, and iSentia.
In China, Dr Raby serves as Co-Chair of Corrs Chambers Westgarth's China practice.
Dr Raby is a member of the non-for-profit Advance Global Advisory Board, member of the South Australian Government's Investment Attraction Advisory Board and is an inaugural Member of the La Trobe Asia Advisory Board.
In recognition of his contributions to advancing relations between Australia and China, Dr Raby was made Friendship Ambassador to Shandong Province and an honorary citizen of Chengdu City.
Dr Raby was Deputy Secretary in the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) from 2002 to 2006. He has held a number of senior positions in DFAT, including First Assistant Secretary, International Organisations and Legal Division (2001-2002), Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the World Trade Organisation, Geneva (1998-2001), First Assistant Secretary, Trade Negotiations Division (1995-1998), and APEC Ambassador from November 2002 to December 2004. He was head of the Trade Policy Issues Division in the OECD, Paris, 1993-95.
He is a Member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors and the Asia Society.
He holds an Honours Degree in Economics, a Masters in Economics and a PhD from La Trobe University.
Dr Kristen Sadler
Dr Kristen Sadler is currently on an intercontinental sabbatical to further her learning on the interplay between exponential technologies, knowledge and truth, decentralisation, the future of leadership, and 'society 5.0'. For more details please visit https:\\kristensadler.com
With an early fascination of the natural world, Kristen fortunately had the opportunity to translate her curiosity into training and fellowships in life sciences research, culminating in a faculty position in one of the top universities in Asia. Kristen then took up positions in management and leadership in the international university environment where her ambition to have impact intersected with a greater sphere of influence across higher education, academic research, government and corporate sectors.
Formally trained in biomedical sciences, Kristen completed her PhD at the University of Melbourne in 2000. She took up a postdoctoral position at Vanderbilt University and then Nanyang Technological University developing synthetic peptides as HIV vaccine and anti-viral candidates. In 2005 Kristen was appointed Assistant Professor (at NTU) and combined research and teaching with the Assistant Chair (Academic) position. She made the transition from faculty member to university leadership in 2011, being appointed Deputy Director then Director of Student Life in the President's Office. She was part of the team which devised and implemented strategy and policy impacting 34,000 students annually.
In 2016 Kristen moved to a new portfolio as Research Director (Strategy and Biosciences) in the President's Office at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, until 2018. This role involved coordinating and implementing the University's research strategy through interactions with the component colleges, schools and institutes as well as national and international corporate, academic and governmental organisations. Kristen held a co-appointment as Coordinating Director of the NTU Global Dialogue Institute, from 2015 to 2018. The Institute aspired to be an Asian interdisciplinary hub for sharing knowledge, generating and growing ideas, and initiating action. In addition she worked directly with the NTU President on a range of projects requiring discretion, diligence and sensitivity.
Throughout her career Kristen has worked within international teams, initiated and nurtured international partnerships, and developed intercultural competencies. She is a global citizen and 'multi-local' having lived and worked in different global locations. Kristen is an active member of the TED, TEDx, DLD and Falling Walls communities and has held various voluntary positions in Australia, the USA and Singapore including as captain, president and board member.


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Decorating the bridal suite is something that you may want to do for the couple, and it will require some communication with the groom or mother of the bride beforehand so they can slip you the key or have you check into the room. Check with the hotel beforehand on check-in time; that will determine whether you should decorate before the wedding or leave the reception early to do it.
Lighting dozens of candles in votive holders will set a very romantic mood; see if the hotel can light them for you just before the bride and groom are to arrive (be sure to coordinate this so that you or someone can call the hotel and let them know when)-it can't hurt to ask, and you won't have the anxiety of wondering if you set your best friend's wedding suite on fire!
Rose petals look beautiful, but when stepped on, they grind a beautiful red stain into carpet. You'll be better off buying the faux petals from a craft store-just as pretty but without the hefty price of paying for the hotel to clean their carpet. Arrange the petals into the outline of a heart on the bed for an ultra-romantic look.


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
- Open Peer Review
Is the coverage of google scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews
© Gehanno et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013
- Received: 20 August 2012
- Accepted: 4 January 2013
- Published: 9 January 2013
In searches for clinical trials and systematic reviews, it is said that Google Scholar (GS) should never be used in isolation, but in addition to PubMed, Cochrane, and other trusted sources of information. We therefore performed a study to assess the coverage of GS specifically for the studies included in systematic reviews and evaluate if GS was sensitive enough to be used alone for systematic reviews.
All the original studies included in 29 systematic reviews published in the Cochrane Database Syst Rev or in the JAMA in 2009 were gathered in a gold standard database. GS was searched for all these studies one by one to assess the percentage of studies which could have been identified by searching only GS.
All the 738 original studies included in the gold standard database were retrieved in GS (100%).
The coverage of GS for the studies included in the systematic reviews is 100%. If the authors of the 29 systematic reviews had used only GS, no reference would have been missed. With some improvement in the research options, to increase its precision, GS could become the leading bibliographic database in medicine and could be used alone for systematic reviews.
- Bibliometrics
- Google scholar
- Information retrieval methods
- Systematic reviews
The release of the beta version of Google Scholar (GS) (http://scholar.google.com) in November 2004 generated much media coverage and academic commentary. It has been met with both enthusiasm and criticism but Google and GS now lead more visitors to many biomedical journal websites than does Medline via its PubMed interface [1–3].
GS searches retrieve results that include scholarly literature citations as well as peer-reviewed publications, theses, books, abstracts, and other articles from academic publishers, professional organizations, and preprint repositories, universities, and other scholarly organizations. Therefore, GS is able to retrieve more types of literature compared with medical literature database retrieval search engines, like PubMed [4]. GS is also able to identify some of the references of PubMed, but not all [5].
Doctors are encouraged to consult GS for browsing and serendipitous discovery, not for literature reviews [1]. In searches for clinical trials and systematic reviews, it is said that GS should never be used in isolation, but in addition to PubMed, Cochrane, and other trusted sources of information [1]. Many studies have demonstrated that a single search engine does not capture all of the available articles, and using two or more databases provides greater coverage of all possible citations [6–17].
Nevertheless, the coverage of GS is increasing and, despite the fact that it is said to be not exhaustive, is it exhaustive enough for the studies that are considered of enough quality or relevance for systematic reviews [18].
Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the coverage of GS, and its potential recall, specifically for such studies, and therefore to assess if this database could be used alone for systematic reviews.
The first step aimed at identifying a subset of studies selected by experts to be included in systematic reviews. We searched Medline in December 2009 for the systematic reviews published in the JAMA or the Cochrane Library. For the JAMA, we used the most specific search string proposed by Montori et al., with limits for the years 2008 and 2009 [19]. For the Cochrane Library, we examined all the systematic reviews published in the Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 8;(3).
We excluded the systematic reviews using less than 2 bibliographic databases in their search and those which restricted the search to English language studies.
The gold standard database was then built by gathering all the studies included in the systematic reviews we selected, excluding abstracts and personal communications. We considered Gray literature (i.e. written material that is not published commercially or is not generally accessible) as a specific subset, but we included these references in the gold standard database.
GS was searched for each reference, one by one, by searching with the title of each of the studies included in the gold standard database. Recall (i.e. the proportion of studies retrieved from the database) of GS were computed for each review published in the Cochrane Library or the JAMA.
Overall, 14 reviews from the Cochrane library and 15 reviews from the JAMA were included. To identify all the possible relevant studies, each systematic review from the Cochrane Library and from the JAMA had searched between 3 and 10 (mean: 5.4) and between 2 and 9 (mean : 4) different databases, respectively. All of them searched Medline and 17 mentioned to have also scanned the reference list of the studies they included.
The 29 systematic reviews had included 755 original studies. Among them, 733 were published in peer-reviewed journals and 5 were detailed only in document belonging to the gray literature. The 18 remaining studies were referenced only as an abstract or as personal communication and were therefore not included in the gold standard database, which included finally 738 original studies. All the 738 studies were identified in GS, leading to 100% coverage.
Recall of Google scholar for the 29 systematic reviews
Source of the systematic review
Title of the systematic review
Number of databases searched by the authors
Number of studies included in the review
Number of studies found in Google Scholar
Cochrane Library
Antidepressants versus placebo for depression in primary care
Cochrane Library
Artemisinin-based combination therapy for treating uncomplicated malaria
Cochrane Library
Brief interventions for heavy alcohol users admitted to general hospital wards
Cochrane Library
Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilusinfluenzae B (HIB)
Cochrane Library
Erythropoietin or Darbepoetin for patients with cancer--meta-analysis based on individual patient data
Cochrane Library
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer
Cochrane Library
Incentive spirometry for prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery
Cochrane Library
Interventions to prevent occupational noise induced hearing loss
Cochrane Library
Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children
Cochrane Library
Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria-endemic areas
Cochrane Library
Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents
Cochrane Library
Single dose oral flurbiprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults
Cochrane Library
The effects of antimicrobial therapy on bacterial vaginosis in non-pregnant women
Cochrane Library
Therapeutic interventions for symptomatic treatment in Huntington's disease
Acute-onset floaters and flashes: is this patient at risk for retinal detachment?
Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials
Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Bed bugs (Cimexlectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites.
Cancer survivors and unemployment: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.
Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis.
Combined corticosteroid and antiviral treatment for Bell palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Corticosteroids in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock in adults: a systematic review
Diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography in peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful life events, and risk of depression: a meta-analysis.
Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality.
Predictive value of factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A in adults with venous thromboembolism and in family members of those with a mutation. A systematic review
Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome with antidepressants: a meta-analysis.
738 (100%)
As a side result, we discovered that a striking number of bibliographic references included major errors, i.e. errors that involve the data elements by which references are searched by users in Medline [20]. Overall, 10 references contained at least one major error, some of them containing up to 3 major errors.
Some of the reviews concentrated these citation errors. For example, among the 24 references included in the Cochrane review " The effects of antimicrobial therapy on bacterial vaginosis in non-pregnant women", 5 contained at least one major error.
Performing systematic reviews is a complex and time consuming task, because of the body of literature to be searched and the high number of databases that must be used, considering that no one of them is considered exhaustive. The use of GS is increasing, as well as its coverage, and we wanted to assess if this coverage is high enough to be used alone in systematic reviews.
GS allowed to retrieve 100% of the studies included in the systematic reviews we studied, and which covered many different fields of medicine.
Although GS does not cover all the medical literature, we therefore observed that its coverage of the studies of sufficient quality or relevance to be included in a systematic review was complete. In other words, if the authors of these 29 systematic reviews had used only GS, they would have obtained the very same results.
The validity of our gold standard database could nevertheless be questioned. To identify the studies that worth to be included in a systematic review, we relied on the works of the experts used as reviewer in the systematic reviews we included, since all of them used at least 2 independent reviewers. Furthermore, we excluded from our gold standard database personal communications, because they cannot be retrieved by any database, and abstracts because it has been clearly demonstrated that such abstracts often display non-valid results [21, 22]. Considering the methods used by the authors of the systematic reviews we selected, the use of at least two independent reviewers to select relevant articles in these reviews, the high number of databases searched and the absence of restriction to English studies in each of them, we can also assume that, for each topic covered, all the relevant studies were identified. Therefore, we can assume that our gold-standard database really included all the studies of sufficient quality and relevant to the topics covered by the systematic reviews, and only them.
We chose to study the systematic reviews published by the JAMA and Cochrane because they usually don't restrict their search to English literature and they use more than one database to perform the search, which is not the case of most of the systematic reviews published by the Annals of Internal Medicine, for example.
Although the recall of GS was 100%, the amount of information delivered by GS was heterogeneous. Yet, some of the studies were only identified as "citations", which means that GS only displayed the authors, the title of the article and the name, year and pages of the journals. This can be considered as insufficient, but traditional biomedical databases (such as Medline or Embase) do the same for old articles or for articles published in another language that English. Furthermore, this is exactly the same situation when authors of systematic reviews perform hand searching in the reference list of selected articles. Therefore, we considered valid to include these hits as positive results.
This 100% coverage of GS can be seen as amazing, since no single database is supposed to be exhaustive, even for good quality studies. For example, the recall ratios of Medline for randomized control trials (RCTs) only stand between 35% and 56% [23, 24]. Since GS accesses only 1 million of the some 15 million records at PubMed, how can our results be explained? In fact, through agreements with publishers, GS accesses the "invisible" or "deep" Web, that is, commercial Web sites the automated "spiders" used by search engines such as Google cannot access. Furthermore, we observed in our study that most of the articles indentified by GS were found directly on the publishing journal web-sites, and not on the PubMed web-site.
Nevertheless, while its advantages are substantial, GS is not without flaws. The shortcomings of the system and its search interface have been well documented in the literature and include lack of reliable advanced search functions (e.g. no MeSH term subheading search function), lack of controlled vocabulary, lack of a "similar pages" feature, and issues regarding scope of coverage and currency [4, 5, 25]. Furthermore, whereas PubMed displays results in a chronological order, GS places more relevance on articles that are cited most often. Therefore, the citations located are reportedly biased toward older literature [26, 27]. This last point can also be viewed as an advantage, since it allows to identify quickly landmark articles, i.e. articles of importance in a field. Yet, when comparing searches with PubMed and Google Scholar by evaluating the first 20 articles recovered for four clinical questions for relevance and quality, Nourbakhsh and coll. demonstrated that GS provided more relevant results that PubMed, although the difference was not significant (p=0.116) [28].
GS has been reported to be less precise than PubMed, since it retrieves hundreds or thousands of documents, most of them being irrelevant [29, 30]. Nevertheless, we should not overestimate the precision of PubMed in real life since Precision and recall of a search in a database is highly dependent on the skills of the user [10]. Many of them overestimate the quality of their searching performance, and experienced reference librarians typically retrieve about twice as many citations as do less experienced users [31, 32].
Although this was not the purpose of our study, we tried to assess the precision of GS for some of the clinical questions that were studied by the systematic reviews.
For example, searching for "(Erythropoietin or Darbepoetin) cancer" in GS gave a recall of 100% and a precision of 0.1% (36,630 articles found, for 36 included in the systematic review). In GS, the search string "(depression treatment placebo antidepressant) ("general practice" OR "Primary care")" identified 16100 articles, leading to a recall of 100% and a precision of 0.09 (14 articles included in the corresponding systematic review).
In conclusion, the coverage of GS is much higher than previously thought for high quality studies. GS is highly sensitive, easy to search and could be the first choice for systematic reviews or meta-analysis. It could even be used alone. It just requires some improvement in the advanced search features to improve its precision and to become the leading bibliographic database in medicine.
Authors' Affiliations
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- The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6947/13/7/prepub
Pre-publication history
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Currently living in Brownsville, TX.


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text: Zotac International was the first brand to launch a Mini-ITX H55 based motherboard back in January 2010. Other brands such as ECS Elitegroup and GIGABYTE followed the trend by launching their own Mini-ITX products, and they seem to be selling well. Here at Benchmark Reviews, we've already admitted our secret affair with HTPCs, and this time, we're testing the latest H55 ITX product available: the Zotac H55-ITX-C-E. This mini-board comes with USB 3.0 support and 6 S-ATA ports against 4 ports included in the competition. Zotac's the only brand to include not one, but two WiFi Antennas and a better PCB layout (24-pin connector). Benchmark Reviews tests the Zotac H55ITX-C-E Mini ITX Motherboard to check performance, functionality and overclocking capabilities within this newer version.


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Perpginan is the home to gypsies and the finest rock'n'roll in the South of France. Click here for a photo gallery of White Mystery shredding L'Ubu Hots by Greg Calvache!
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European Commission
Brussels, 25 July 2013
Q&A on the reform of the European Union Solidarity Fund
1. Why was the European Solidarity Fund (EUSF) set up?
The European Union Solidarity Fund (EUSF) was set up to respond to major natural disasters and express European solidarity to disaster-stricken regions within Europe. The Fund was created in the wake of the severe floods in Central Europe in the summer of 2002. It grants financial aid to Member States and candidate countries (currently Turkey and Montenegro) affected by major natural disasters.
2. How has the fund worked until now?
The EUSF is a relatively straightforward instrument in administrative terms. Its principle characteristics are as follows:
3. What is currently the procedure for submitting an application?
The national authorities of the affected country may submit an application to the Commission no later than 10 weeks after the occurrence of the first damage. The Commission then assesses the application and decides whether to activate the EUSF together with the amount of any aid considered appropriate and proposes its mobilisation to the budgetary authority. The aid is paid in a single instalment after the signing of an implementation agreement with beneficiary State. Once the aid has been paid out, it can be used to re-finance emergency measures from day one of the disaster.
4. What can the Solidarity Fund aid be used for?
In principle, the EUSF supplements Member States' public expenditure to finance essential emergency operations undertaken by the public authorities, such as:
Private damage, such as damage to private property and income losses including in agriculture, are in principle considered insurable and are not covered.
5. How many disasters have been supported by the EUSF?
Since 2002, the Fund has been mobilised for 52 disasters covering a range of different catastrophic events including floods, forest fires, earthquakes, storms and drought. 23 different European countries have been supported so far for an amount of more than €3.2 billion. List of all interventions
6. Why has it been decided to change the current legislation?
Since its creation, is it has become clear changes were needed to live up to the expectations of disaster-stricken countries and regions waiting for EU aid. While the instrument is generally meeting its objectives well, it is considered not to be sufficiently responsive, as certain criteria for its activation are too complicated or not sufficiently clear.
The procedure for granting assistance is lengthy, as it usually takes around one year from the disaster to the payment of the grant. While the instrument has been working well for major natural disasters, two thirds of applications received concern much smaller so-called regional disasters with damage below the threshold. A large majority of those applications did not meet the exceptional criteria and have to be rejected, wasting times, resources and dashing expectations.
The Solidarity Fund therefore needs to become more responsive and visible. This can be achieved by improving and simplifying its procedural operations, introducing advance payments and making certain provisions clearer so that aid can be paid out more quickly than is currently the case.
7. What are the most important elements of the new legislative proposal?
The main aim of the proposal is to facilitate faster and simpler use of the fund. The new legislation will lead to more rapid payments of the aid, in particular through the introduction of advance payments upon request. This would allow for a quicker reaction and presence in the areas affected by disasters. It is also designed to clarify eligibility questions, particularly in the case of regional disasters, and to encourage Member States to implement more effective disaster risk prevention measures. The principles of the fund remain unchanged as do its financing method outside the normal EU budget.
Key reforms:
8. Do the basic criteria for aid stay the same? If so what are they?
The scope of the Fund remains limited to natural disasters; the Fund continues to apply to Member States and countries in the process of negotiating their accession to the Union. Countries have ten weeks to make their applications from the first day of the disaster. The damage threshold for activating the Fund remains the same (0.6% of GNI or EUR 3 billion), just as the type of operations eligible for aid. The implementation of the aid including project selection, audit and control remain in the responsibility of the beneficiary. The expected level of spending is not touched by the modifications.
9. Where does the money for the Solidarity Fund come from?
The Solidarity Fund is in principle financed outside the EU budget. It receives additional money to be raised by the Member States over and above the normal budget, through an amending budget. This is laid down in the agreement between the institutions. Each grant is agreed separately through a proposal from the Commission and approved by Member States and the European Parliament. Currently, up to EUR 1 billion per year may be mobilised for the Solidarity Fund. Under the new Financial Framework this amount could be reduced, if confirmed by the European Parliament in the autumn, but with the possibility to carry over unspent allocations from the preceding year for the first time.
10. How will the Commission ensure that the aid is paid out faster in the future?
The Solidarity Fund is sometimes misunderstood as a rapid response instrument for which it was not designed. The European Civil Protection Mechanism is the tool that facilitates cooperation in disaster response among EU Member States and Iceland, Norway, Lichtenstein, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. With support from the European Commission's new Emergency Response Centre, this Mechanism can facilitate joint disaster response by the participating states when a country in Europe – or anywhere else – is unable to cope alone with a disaster. The Commission can co-finance these assistance operations. Recent response operations supported by the EU Civil Protection Mechanism include the forest fires in Greece (2012), the naval base explosion in Cyprus (2012) and the floods in Bulgaria (2012).
In contrast, the Solidarity Fund is rather a financial instrument to help affected countries bear the financial burden inflicted on them by a disaster. As such, it can help cover the cost of emergency operations retroactively from day one of the disaster.
As long as the Solidarity Fund is financed with additional money above the normal EU budget – which has now been confirmed for the 2014-2020 Financial Framework - it is mandatory that Parliament and Council approve the mobilisation of any grant before it can be paid out. There is a legal minimum time required (at least 8 to 10 weeks) for the adoption of any amending budget which has to be respected.
But apart from that, there are ways to reduce delays and that is why the Commission proposed to review the Solidarity Fund Regulation.
11. How will risk prevention and disaster mitigation be encouraged with the new legislative proposal?
The Commission puts great importance minimising disaster risks and investing in prevention.
Unfortunately, disasters cannot be stopped from happening and therefore the Solidarity Fund will still be needed in the future. At the same time, Member States must step up their efforts to prevent disasters and limit their disastrous effects.
The benefit of disaster risk reduction measures has been proven time after time – most recently, by the floods in Central Europe in 2013 which were greater in scope than the floods that affected the same region 12 years ago, but caused far less loss of life and damage thanks to the implementation of preventive measures. According to the World Bank, one euro invested in prevention saves between four and seven euros in disaster damage.
During the new 2014-20 financing period, risk prevention will be one of the key priorities of cohesion policy for which considerable money could be taken up when Member States develop their new Structural Funds programmes. Already in the current period more than EUR 5 billion have been invested in this area. In addition to that, there is disaster related EU legislation to be implemented, in particular the floods directive and the upcoming revision of disaster management legislation, expected to come into force by the end of the year, which envisages better risk monitoring and closer cooperation on both prevention and response.
The revised Solidarity Fund Regulation actively encourages Member States to implement disaster prevention and risk management strategies. This is done through a requirement to report before and after applications. It means the Commission may consider reducing or refusing a grant if a Member State repeatedly infringes its obligation to implement EU law.
12. What will happen if Member States do not respect legislation on prevention?
If a Member States repeatedly does not apply relevant Union legislation (for example the Floods directive) and an infringement procedure has been opened, the Commission reduce the grant or refuse the application. This provision would be applied in the event of the re-occurrence of a similar disaster of the same nature.
13. Should the Solidarity Fund not also cover other than natural disasters, such as industrial accidents as Fukushima?
In 2005, the Commission proposed widening the scope of the Solidarity Fund to include other than natural disasters. This was one of the elements which Member States criticised the most at the time.. However, man-made disasters which are the direct consequence of a natural catastrophe by what could be called an indirect effect should be covered by the Solidarity Fund. The new legislative proposal proposes to include those disasters in the scope of the new Fund.
14. When will the new regulation be adopted?
The proposal for a Regulation amending the European Solidarity Fund was approved by the Commission on 25 July. It is now in the hands of the legislator, i.e. the European Parliament and the Council. The Commission hopes to have the amended Regulation in place before the European elections in May 2014.
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The Hedgehog class caters for children ages approximately 3 -5 years. The classroom can hold up to 21 children with 3 members of staff.
We provide opportunities for children to learn through play, via a wide range of exciting experiences, resources and activities.
In the hedgehogs we support the children lots with gaining their own independence. We begin to encourage the children to put on their own coats, pour drinks, cut up fruit at snack times and we also support children with toilet training.
The classroom is also the last room before the children go to school. We have developed good links with local schools and we support children in a variety of ways to prepare them for school to ensure that it is a smooth transition.
As in all of our classrooms, we plan for the children's learning based on their individual needs and interests. We follow 'next steps', ideas for opportunities/activities based on the children's own interests e.g. if your child spoke a lot about their visit to the zoo we would: make animal masks, read animal stories, play with animals in the messy tray with leaves or sand and move like animals at group time etc.
At the end of each morning session we hold a circle/group time. This is a time for all children to come together as a group. During this time the children use their 'thinking heads, looking eyes, listening ears, talking mouths and smelling noses!'. This is a time to share stories, explore music and instruments as loud as we can! We also sing songs at the top of our voices!
In the Hedgehog class we continue the children's learning stories and relate our observations to 'The Early Years Foundation Stage'. A learning story is a personal record of the child's achievements throughout their time at nursery. These are usually sent home termly to give you a chance to see what your child gets up to at nursery. They are also available at anytime for you to take home and look at. These include observations, photos and pieces of the children's individual work.
In order to have good links between the nursery and home we have a Class Book and 'Bertie Bear's Diary'.
The class book contains a personal page about each child's interests, favourite things to do, family etc. This gets taken home by each of the children to create together at home.
Bertie is our class bear. He visits each child's home for about a week and keeps a diary of all the exciting things he gets up to!


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Matchup.gg provides actionable insights about champion to champion matchups in League of Legends. While there exists many sites that describes a champion's optimal build paths and skill orders, they are generic and do not take in account of what you should adjust when facing different enemy champions. Should you build a Zhonya? Should you start Cull or Doran's Blade? Matchup.gg also lets you know if you are in a losing or winning lane matchup, so you can make better decisions whether you should aggresively dominate the opponent or passively stall out to win in the late game. Overall, the goal of the site is to help you improve your play and win more games!
Matchup.gg is built by the team behind Instant eSports, a mobile app on iOS and Android that helps you track of the latest news, scores, and stats for NA LCS, EU LCS, LCK and LPL. Check it out at http://ie.gg.
Matchup.gg only process and analyze data from ranked games in Platinum tier and above. Because there are so many possible combinations of matchups, we continously analyze new games (numbered in the millions) in order to provide the most accurate data for you. This is only made possible because of the Riot Games API platform!
Currently, Matchup.gg supports both live game and champion vs champion look ups. If you are in a loading screen, simply type your Summoner name, and we'll automatically try and determine your matchup and also provide you with insights on your team's and the enemy team's damage composition. If you just want to look at the stats for a matchup, switch the search mode on the home page to search by champion and you can type in the matchup yourself.
For item builds, we analyze each game of that matchup and split the builds into their core components, and the situational items that come afterwards. We then weight the lane and overall winrates of each part of the build and suggest items which have both success in lane and in winning the game.
For skill builds we take a similar approach but piece together winrates from incomplete and fully completed skill builds to get the best skill order for the matchup.
Although Riot's API shows each champion's total win rate against an opponent, this information doesn't tell us how they perform against that enemy during laning phase specifically (as opposed to later in teamfights, split pushes, etc.) For the early game, however, it's important to understand your champion's expected performance in lane, so you can adopt a strategy that maximizes your gold and experience while preventing your opponent from getting strong.
For each matchup, the % win rate we show is a function of the laners' gold difference at 13 minutes, experience difference at 13, CS difference at 13, solo KDA (no assistance from jungler), and first tower taken.
Matchup.gg tries to guess your lane opponent based on summoners, runes, and masteries. It's not perfect, so if we guess your lane opponent incorrectly, click the change opponent button to select the correct opposing champion.


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All the Rock Videos
all the rock videos
The complete playlist is a work in progress, growing as we add more videos, of course.
Also available on usTube
at CafePress
All this and more!
You need an
I Survived Fish-Kill & Friends 2011 Dec 26 Tee
even if you didn't.


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Melanie Montes
Specializing in cut, color, styling and hair extensions, Melanie's talents are comprehensively recognized for her ability to blend innovative and classic designs. She has a distinct aesthetic which speaks for itself, as she prides her career on using a fresh approach to transforming her clients by recognizing their strong features.
A seasoned expert of the Sacramento salon industry, Melanie has a priceless flare for fashion and beauty. Her widespread forte is not just her unique creativity, but her aim to make every client's experience at Salon 07 as exclusive as possibly viable.


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The basic principles of healthy eating are the same before, during and after pregnancy -- plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean protein. Nevertheless, a pregnancy diet requires special attention to a number of nutrients, and the foods that contain them. Lack of folate, a B vitamin, in the diet may produce birth defects and calcium and vitamin D are important for mummy and baby -- for strong bones and teeth.
Avocadoes are an excellent source of folate, or folic acid, as well as potassium, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 -- which may also help with morning sickness as well as baby's development. Avocadoes go well on a whole grain roll, are more healthy than mayonaisse but high in calories, so use in moderation.
Eat your porridge!
Cereal, especially oats, are full of fibre as well as the B vitamins and iron. The bonus for oats is in their addition to muffins, cakes, biscuits, pancakes and even meatloaf. An ideal serving size, says MayoClinic.com, is 3/4 cup. Fortified cereals are a good source of folic acid, as are leafy greens, citrus and dried beans and peas.
Milk the cow
Milk and associated dairy products -- yoghurt and cheese -- give the calcium baby needs for strong bones and teeth and also ensure mummy's circulation and muscular and nervous systems run as normal, according to MayoClinic.com. Dairy products have the richest source but many fruit juices and breakfast cereals have calcium fortification. Daily calcium needs are about 1000 mg per day but MayoClinic.com notes pregnant teenagers may need 1300 mg per day. A cup of milk will contain about 300 mg.
Fish for vitamin D
"Fatty" fish, such as salmon and tuna, provide plenty of vitamin D. Like calcium, vitamin D helps build strong bones and teeth in the infant. Pregnant women need 600 IU of vitamin D daily and 85 g of salmon goes a long way (447 IU) to provide that. The rest can come from a cup of fortified orange juice, a few spears of asparagus or two cups of milk.
Nuts for minerals
Nuts are high in fat but of the kind that is good for you in moderation -- and the kind that boost's baby's brain, according to the What to Expect website, which notes they are full of minerals and the E vitamin. Nuts can go into salads and pasta dishes -- as well as meats and baked goods -- liberally if weight is going on slowly and moderately if weight gain is happening quickly.
Broccoli and carrots
All green vegetables serve expectant mothers well but broccoli has heaps of folic acid as well as liberal doses of vitamins A and C. It's a crisp and healthy snack when raw, lightly steamed or stir-fried. Like broccoli, carrots are high in vitamin A and are great for eating raw on the move and they shred neatly into a wide range of cooking, from meatloaf to muffins.
No yolking around
One large hard-boiled egg contains 44 IU of vitamin D, according to MayoClinic.com. Eggs are low in calories and high in protein and form part of any balanced diet, especially those high in the fatty acid DHA.
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- George Doyle/Stockbyte/Getty Images


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Sunday, 19 October 2008
Mmm Lost Friday..actually Lost Thursday!
LCR next Thursday, Oct 23...a welcome for the freshers and part of Black History Month.
Posted by At Boiling Point at 09:51
1 comment:
I recently came accross your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I dont know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often.
- 30 December 2008 at 01:14
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Human Potential Center
Call (734) 241-7478Directions
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The Human Potential Center is a group of highly qualified therapists/life coaches. We offer individual, marital, premarital, and family therapy and provided psychological evaluations. We can help you get relief from anxiety and depression and help you find ways to deal with trauma.


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Smart-Clip2 Software v.1.06.00 is out!
Visit Smart-Clip2 product page
Smart-Clip2 Software v.1.06.00 and Smart-Clip2 firmware v.1.06 are out!
MTK Platform Update:
The following MTK-based models have been added to the list of supported:
- Blu Aria T174i (MT62XX)
- Boost Icon Nero B795 (MT6572)
- Nextel V.45 (MT6572)
Qualcomm Platform Update:
Fast Direct Unlock firmware database updated with the following versions:
- Motorola XT300: USASESMTSCAB2B5NA029.0R
- Motorola XT320: 1 new firmware version
Important! It is highly recommended to use the latest version of the software, since it always contains newest updates and all known bug fixes for all supported phone models and features.
User will take full responsibility for their own work using the outdated version of the software.


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Kashmiri villagers collect saffron flowers from a field at Pampore, 20 km(13 miles) south of Srinagar, November 4, 2009. Saffron has been grown in Kashmir since the Mughal period, which began in the 16th century. In highly drained clay-loam soil, the saffron crop is sown on an estimated 17,000 hectares of land in Kashmir in the months of May and June and the flowers are harvested at the onset of autumn. It takes some 170,000 flowers to get a kilogram (2.2 lbs) of the precious spice.Kashmiri saffron is considered the world's best saffron for its distinctive long, flat and silky threads with a dark red colour, extraordinary aroma, powerful colouring and flavouring capabilities. However, saffron farmers have become concerned at the falling yield of the saffron crop year after year with the changing climatic conditions responsible for a 70 to 75 percent decrease in the yield for the last 16 years.
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Mobile Phone Reading
The Voyager 1452g allows enterprises to embrace area-imaging at their own pace, and in the most cost-effective manner. Built on the platform of Honeywell's world-renowned Voyager series of handheld scanners, the Voyager 1452g delivers omnidirectional reading of linear barcodes, plus the ability to affordably upgrade the device to enable PDF417 and 2D barcode scanning-either at the time of purchase, or as data capture needs evolve. Incorporating a Bluetooth Class 2 radio, the Voyager 1452g has a wireless range of up to 10 meters (33 feet) from the base.
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Tuesday, October 23, 2012
A bit of bunting
Bunting is very fashionable in the crafty-internet world and I have succumbed to its charms. These are fairly large flags that I patchworked together from a variety of scraps of fabrics too good to stuff into a pouf. My second pouf is sewn but only half filled, its yawning mouth greedy for more stuffing but there is a hierarchy to fabric scraps and only those which can't be used more visibly go into the pouf. Also manky old t shirts and anything polar fleece (as I'm trying to do my bit to remove polar fleece from circulation where it sheds plankton sized flecks of plastic into the waterways every time we wash it).
This bunting is making itself useful by helping as a privacy screen. When I had the large pittosporum removed to let some sunlight onto the main vegetable beds, the back deck suddenly was suddenly opened up to the neighbour's main door and hanging out spot. It will take more than one strand of bunting to achieve the level of privacy I'd like from it, and I'm already working on the next set using a different set of attractive scrap fabrics.
Posted by Meliors Simms at 11:04 am
Labels: home, Look what I made
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Risparmio energetico
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Cassa depositi e prestiti Spa (CDP) announces today issuances of partly-paid zero-coupon notes for a total of EUR 526 million, unsubordinated and unsecured, with final maturity 23 January 2014.
The new EMTN's were issued under CDP Euro Medium Term Note Programme, addressed to institutional investors and listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. The net proceeds deriving from such issue will support the financing by CDP of infrastructural projects and works for the supply of public services.
The Notes were placed through private placement by Citigroup Global Markets Limited, acting as dealer of the transaction.
Rome, 23 January 2012
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