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Inequalities in mortality by socioeconomic factors and Roma ethnicity in the two biggest cities in Slovakia: a multilevel analysis
© Rosicova et al. 2015
- Received: 20 May 2015
- Accepted: 1 November 2015
- Published: 5 November 2015
The socioeconomic and ethnic composition of urban neighbourhoods may affect mortality, but evidence on Central European cities is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between socioeconomic and ethnic neighbourhood indicators and the mortality of individuals aged 20–64 years old in the two biggest cities of the Slovak Republic.
We obtained data on the characteristics of neighbourhoods and districts (educational level, unemployment, income and share of Roma) and on individual mortality of residents aged 20–64 years old, for the two largest cities in the Slovak Republic (Bratislava and Kosice) in the period 2003–2005. We performed multilevel Poisson regression analyses adjusted for age and gender on the individual (mortality), neighbourhood (education level and share of Roma in population) and district levels (unemployment and income).
The proportions of Roma and of low-educated residents were associated with mortality at the neighbourhood level in both cities. Mutually adjusted, only the association with the proportion of Roma remained in the model (risk ratio 1.02; 95 % confidence interval 1.01–1.04). The area indicators – high education, income and unemployment – were not associated with mortality.
The proportion of Roma is associated with early mortality in the two biggest cities in the Slovak Republic.
- Mortality
- Multilevel analyses
- Roma population
- Socioeconomic indicators
- Urban areas
Inequalities in health between socioeconomic and ethnic groups are among the main challenges for public health worldwide and have been an object of study in recent decades [1, 2]. These inequalities exist at many levels – between individuals, neighbourhoods, socioeconomic groups, regions, countries and entire continents. Attempts to reduce social inequalities in health often focus on geographical disparities, since policy is most easily directed at administrative units such as local governments [3].
The number of studies treating geographical area as a separate level when studying health determinants has increased in the last two decades [3–24]. However, area inequalities in mortality within cities have been analysed much less frequently in European contexts [25–28]. This holds more for Central Europe, even though socioeconomic inequalities in health may be larger in urban areas with disadvantaged and poor populations, affecting, as a result, all city residents. Disease outbreaks, poorly maintained public places, social unrest, crime and violence are but a few of the ways that urban health inequities affect everyone. These peculiar characteristics of cities probably contribute to inequalities in health [29].
Regarding socioeconomic indicators, most multilevel studies have focused on the association between mortality and the income or education level of the population within an area [4–12, 15, 18, 24, 30–34]. Furthermore, they mostly concern Western European countries [6, 7, 9–12, 15, 17, 18], the United States [5, 24], Japan or Australia [19, 22, 23] and only recently Central Europe [35, 36]. These studies generally indicate that the income of a population within an area is a strong socioeconomic indicator of regional mortality, and that regional mortality is significantly higher in regions with larger income disparities [5, 10, 11, 24] or with lower socioeconomic status [1, 2, 23, 26, 37, 38]. Moreover, the effects of income inequality are most evident for those aged 25–64 and much stronger for males [5]. Finally, these studies have shown that the education level of the population within an area strongly correlates with the local mortality rates: people with a high education (including both sexes) have lower mortality compared with the least educated [9, 12, 31, 33, 34]. A clear picture on urban health inequalities in Central Europe is for the most part lacking.
Roma represent a large minority in the Slovak population, and they are characterised by an extremely high degree of territorial segregation, poverty and perceived discrimination [39, 40]. The health of the adult Roma population in the Slovak Republic is worse than that of the majority population. This may be due to their poor socioeconomic situation (low educational level, high unemployment rate, high proportion of poverty) and the related unsuitable living conditions and infrastructure in their places of abode, especially in the so-called settlements [39–41].
The aim of this study was to analyse the mortality of an urban population and to explore the association between area indicators – socioeconomic and ethnicity factors of the population within an area – and the mortality of individuals aged 20–64 years old on the neighbourhood level in the two biggest cities of the Slovak Republic, as an example of a Central European country.
Study population
The study population concerned inhabitants aged 20–64 years old in the two largest cities in the Slovak Republic – Bratislava and Kosice – in the period 2003 – 2005. The analyses were restricted to those aged 20–64 years old in order to cover the economically active population. This part of the population has the relatively lowest mortality rate, has finished the process of education and typically receives some kind of income, either in the form of a salary or as social support benefits.
Basic data for the Slovak population and the cities of Bratislava and Kosice for persons aged 20–64 years old – averages for the period 2003 – 2005
Slovak Republic
Standardised mortality (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Low education (elementary and without elementary)a
12.2 %
19.5 %
6.3 %
8.6 %
6.8 %
11.9 %
High education (tertiary)a
12.6 %
11.2 %
31.0 %
27.5 %
21.3 %
17.5 %
Unemployment rate
11.2 %
10.3 %
2.3 %
2.6 %
8.8 %
8.5 %
Income (whole population)
1.4 %
1.3 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
1.6 %
1.4 %
The data in this study represent three hierarchical levels: the individual, the neighbourhood and the district levels, the latter two concerning the areas where the individuals live. Individual-level data concerned the numbers of residents and the numbers of deaths, by gender and age, per neighbourhood and district of Bratislava and Kosice. Data were obtained from the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic.
To be able to assess differences in mortality by area characteristics, we obtained data at the neighbourhood and district levels. Bratislava and Kosice are hierarchically divided into districts, which are further subdivided into neighbourhoods. Bratislava, the capital city, comprises 5 districts and 17 neighbourhoods, and Kosice, the second largest city, 4 districts and 22 neighbourhoods. The mean number of inhabitants aged 20–64 per district was 49,189 persons, ranging from 22,775 to 89,477 (average for the period 2003 – 2005). Per neighbourhood the mean number was 11,351 inhabitants, ranging from 205 to 86,722 (average for the period 2003–2005).
We obtained data on several neighbourhood characteristics: education level, unemployment rate, income and the proportion of Roma in the population of the neighbourhoods or districts. If these data were not available on the neighbourhood level (unemployment rate, income), we used data regarding the district level. The education level of the population within an area concerned two percentages regarding inhabitants aged 20–64 years old per area: those having no elementary education or only elementary education, and those having tertiary education. These data were based on the 2001 population census of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic [42]. The unemployment rate of the population within an area concerned the proportion of unemployed inhabitants (people not paid by an employer at all) per area aged 20–64 years old in the period 2003 – 2005 [43]. Data were obtained from the tally of the Centre of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic. The income of the population within an area concerned the average monthly wage of employees per area and was obtained from the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. Income data are available only at the district level and in the form of gross income (net income is about 75 % of gross income) and only for companies with 20 and more employees (about 60 % of all companies in the country) [44]. The proportion of Roma within an area concerned the percentage of the population aged 20–64 years old with Roma ethnicity per area and was obtained from the 2001 population census of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic [45].
Data on mortality concerned the number of deaths per neighbourhood during 2003 – 2005 combined, divided into 5-year age categories (20–24, 25–29, etc.) and by gender.
Statistical analysis
We first computed standardised mortality rates per neighbourhood, standardising by age to the total population of Slovakia. Next, we performed Poisson regression analyses in which we used mortality as the outcome and the number of inhabitants per age and gender category as the predictors. We then added the following neighbourhood characteristics to this model: education level, unemployment, income and share of Roma. We first did this for each neighbourhood characteristic separately, and we then introduced them all at once. Because of the hierarchical nature of the data – the characteristic of an area affecting all residents – we used multilevel techniques; i.e., we applied three-level Poisson regression analyses, with the levels being the individual i, the neighbourhood j and the district k. In these models we allowed an extra Poisson variation to estimate the level-1 (individual level) variance [46]. These analyses yielded crude and adjusted mortality risks for the various area characteristics. To assess the degree of clustering by area, we also computed random variances at the area level as well as intra class correlations (ICC).
Multilevel models provide an appropriate statistical method for describing and explaining geographic health inequalities on a range of spatial scales [21]; in other words, they allow researchers to identify 'place effects' on health over and above individual characteristics. The adverse health effects of area deprivation, over and above the effect due to individual SES, can only be analysed properly if the hierarchical nature of the effects is accounted for [16], i.e., characteristics of areas and communities have a potential impact on all residents [16]. Random variables at both levels were modelled to take this into account. The use of random variables at two (or more) levels of aggregation is specific for multilevel models [16].
log(πijk) follows a Poisson-distribution with mean π (and thus also variance π)
log(Eijk) is the offset of the Poisson model (i.e., the log of the expected death count for ijk)
β1 represents the regression coefficient for x1 for the individuals in the j-th neighbourhood in the k-th district k (β2 for x 2, etc.)
γ1 represents the regression coefficient for z1 for the individuals in the k-th district (γ 2 for z2, etc.)
ejk and ek are random terms following a normal distribution, for neighbourhoods (level j) and districts (level k), respectively.
Analyses were done using SAS version 9.1., MlWin version 2.22, and SPSS version 17.0.
Regarding females, the average standardised mortality rates were 225.5 per 100,000 for Bratislava (range: 163.9 to 587.9) and 252.4 for Kosice (range: 0.0 to 1314.3). The mortality rate for females in the examined neighbourhoods showed less marked disparities. Half of the neighbourhoods (20 out of 39) attained a higher standardised mortality rate for females aged 20–64 years old than the average national mortality rate, this being 242.2 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants per year in the study period; 14 of these were in Kosice (Fig. 2).
Association of neighbourhood characteristics with mortality
Using multilevel Poisson regression we assessed the associations of the various area characteristics with age- and gender-adjusted mortality. In the initial crude model the degree of clustering, measured by random variance at the neighbourhood level, was statistically significant. No additional clustering occurred at the district level; therefore, this level was omitted from further analyses. Mortality risks were highest for the neighbourhood characteristics proportion of the population with low education and the proportion of Roma in the population. Introduction of the various neighbourhood characteristics led to a decrease in the random variance at the area level, i.e., a lower ICC, showing that these characteristics accounted for part of the clustering.
Associations of neighbourhood characteristics with age- and gender-adjusted mortality, bivariate and with mutual adjustment: rate ratios (RR), 95 % confidence intervals (CI) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC)
Unadjusted mortality riska
Adjusted mortality riskb
High Education
0.986 – 0.9989
Low Education
1.004 – 1.016
0.998 – 1.010
Income (in Euro's)
0.999 – 1.000
0.993 – 1.029
1.016 – 1.041
1.009 – 1.037
The aim of our study was to explore the association between socioeconomic and ethnic indicators of urban areas and the mortality of individuals aged 20–64 years old in the two biggest cities of the Slovak Republic. Our findings indicate that the proportions of Roma within an area and of those with low education per area are associated with the mortality of the urban population aged 20–64 years old. The mutually adjusted model showed that only the proportion of Roma within an area predicted the standardised mortality rate.
We found differences in mortality and in all socioeconomic indicators (education level, unemployment rate, income) and ethnicity (Roma population) between Bratislava and Kosice. These differences are based mainly on macro-spatial attractiveness (the west–east gradient), where Bratislava has a specific position due to the strong Central Europe Vienna – Budapest economic region and polarisation of the extremely developed Bratislava region (the capital city) on one hand and the rest of the Slovak Republic on the other [47]. The significant determinants of the characteristics of the Roma population are regional factors and factors regarding integration. Roma live across the whole territory of the Slovak Republic; nevertheless, there are large differences in their numbers, concentration and reproductive behaviour in different regions (48). The regions with the highest proportion of the Roma population are located in the southern part of Central Slovakia and in East Slovakia (including Kosice city) and correspond with the regions having an unfavourable socioeconomic structure [47]. The Roma population is disadvantaged by lower education levels and greater illiteracy, which represent a major barrier to successful involvement in the labour market [41].
At the neighbourhood level of Bratislava and Kosice the proportion of Roma in the population contributed to the difference in the standardised mortality rate, but in general this contribution is modest, due to a few neighbourhoods with high mortality rates and high shares of Roma. In Kosice the variation in mortality rates was generally larger and the share of Roma was higher than in Bratislava. In comparison with other studies [49, 50], our findings show a lower level of social "ghettoised" sub-urban areas in these two Slovak cities, which still have a relatively homogeneous distribution of SES across areas [35, 36]. This finding contrasts with previous findings on the regional disparities of mortality in the Slovak Republic [30, 51, 52]. Those studies showed the proportion of Roma, as an indicator of area deprivation, to be significantly associated only with infant mortality and not with adult mortality, which was significantly associated with education level or unemployment. Only a modest association between ethnicity and area mortality differences was found in the Netherlands [16], and moreover, it was found that non-Western residents seem to benefit from living in an urban environment [53].
Several studies have shown that Roma, regardless of the region they live in, have poorer health, lower life expectancy and a higher prevalence of many diseases compared with national averages or with majority populations [41, 54–57]. There are also studies that show the contribution of socioeconomic characteristics in the explanation of health differences between Roma and non-Roma [58–60]. According to the UNDP report on the living conditions of the Roma population in the Slovak Republic [41], the health of the Roma population in Slovakia is related to their poor living conditions and the poor infrastructure in their places of living, especially in settlements. In addition, Roma also have on average a very low education level, which may also contribute to their higher mortality [41, 60, 61].
Strengths and limitations of the study
The strengths of our study are its small area design, the combination of area and individual data, the availability of age-specific population data and the perspective over time. In many countries individual-based data on mortality by age are not available, whereas area-based data are mostly available and comparable. Multilevel analysis provides a way to link traditionally distinct ecological- and individual-level studies and to overcome the limitations inherent in focusing only on one level.
The limitations of the present study are the lack of neighbourhood data on income and a potential underestimation of the number of Roma. The indicator of income (average monthly gross payment) is available at the district level in Slovakia only for companies with 20 or more employees. The share of such enterprises in the total labour market is about 60 %. As for the data on the population with Roma ethnicity, we used data from the national population census, which is based on self-identification [62]. These official censuses may underestimate the real numbers of Roma due to the tendency of Roma to denote themselves as members of more positively assessed ethnic groups [60]. A simple count of the Roma population may yield better estimates for Roma living in settlements but is not feasible for those not living in settlements. As Roma settlements occur only in Kosice and not in Bratislava, this would lead to biased regional comparisons. Therefore, we used census data because they are less biased.
Our findings are new and thus require confirmation for other Central European countries to assess whether they are country-specific or whether they fit into a pattern which extends over several countries. Moreover, urban mortality should be analysed in relation to other health and socioeconomic factors (like social class, regional GDP and the regional Gini-index), as well as trends that occur over time.
Our results show a need to address the health needs of deprived urban areas in the Slovak Republic. These needs may be met by approaches as described by the commissioner on socioeconomic health differences [63], which are also usable in the conditions of the two largest cities in Slovakia. Improving daily living conditions is mainly a task of local government and civil society, backed by the national government, to establish local participatory governance mechanisms that enable communities and local governments to partner in building healthier and safer cities. Furthermore, local governments and civil society should manage urban development to ensure greater availability of affordable quality housing. Finally, they should plan and design urban areas to promote physical activity through investment in active transport; encourage healthy eating through retail planning to manage the availability of and access to food; and reduce violence and crime. Measuring and understanding the problem and assessing the impact of actions are mainly the tasks of research institutions and the relevant ministries. They can also help to make the social determinants of health a standard and compulsory part of training for medical and health professionals [62].
In addition, it is also important to consider interventions aimed at a revitalisation of all areas facing structural difficulties, such as e.g., proposed by EU Structural Funds. Within the framework of a policy of redistributing parts of government over the country, interventions aiming to revitalise deprived areas should focus on creating employment in such areas, e.g., by improving the developed environment, social structures (small work projects, social care, safety).
In the Slovak Republic several policies and strategies exist that focus on health, mortality, reducing regional differences and on the studied variables, including at the local level. Elaboration of these policies is an issue mentioned in the Law on regional development of the Slovak Republic, and the cities of Bratislava and Kosice have each developed such policies. Policies aimed at reducing disparities in different areas and evaluating key determinants of health can be expected to have a positive impact on the health of the population. Implementation of these policies and the application of such laws in practice is a very important step.
Regarding the Roma issue, a 'Strategy of the Slovak Republic regarding the integration of Roma communities up to 2020' already exists. The goal of this 'Strategy' is to counteract social exclusion, which occurs through the economic, cultural, symbolic and spatial exclusion of Roma communities in comparison with the non-Roma population. This policy is new; thus its impact on health will be noticeable only by thorough implementation and careful assessment of its effectiveness and by setting realistic and measurable indicators and their subsequent strict monitoring and evaluation. As Roma issues are rather complicated problems, no easy solutions are available. In the long term – a small steps approach is needed, and even then it is questionable if a not significant difference in life expectancy between Roma and non-Roma will ever be reached.
The proportion of Roma was the strongest area-level predictor of urban mortality in the two biggest cities in Slovakia. A question to be answered is which concept is behind it, as other area indicators such as the proportion of inhabitants with a high education, the average monthly gross income and the unemployment rate of an area did not contribute to the prediction of mortality. Developing and implementing policies on the national, regional and local level aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in mortality and addressing the health needs of the most deprived groups and the most deprived areas seems to be important for the further economic development of the country. Further research is needed to unravel the causal pathway between this particular area level predictor and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality.
This work was supported by 1) the Research and Development Support Agency under Contract No. APVV-00-032-11, 2) VEGA 1/0346/12, 3) partially supported by the Agency of the Slovak Ministry of Education for the Structural Funds of the EU under project ITMS: 26220120058 (40 %), 4) partially funded within the framework of the project "Social determinants of health in socially and physically disadvantaged and other groups of population" (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0063) and 5) finally, by the INEQ-CITIES Project – Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality: evidence and policies in cities of Europe; grant agreement number 2008 12 13, proposal number: 101156, acronym: INEQ-CITIES.
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- Hajioff S, McKee M. The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2000;54:864–9.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Koupilova I, Epstein H, Holcik J, Hajioff S, McKee M. Health needs of the Roma population in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Soc Sci Med. 2001;53:1191–204.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kosa Z, Szeles G, Kardos L, Kosa K, Nemeth R, Orszagh S, et al. A comparative health survey of the inhabitants of Roma settlements in Hungary. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:853–9.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kolarcik P, Madarasova Geckova A, Orosova O, van Dijk JP, Reijneveld SA. To what extent does socioeconomic status explain differences in health between Roma and non-Roma adolescents in Slovakia? Soc Sci Med. 2009;68:1279–84.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Vokó Z, Csépe P, Németh R, Kósa K, Széles G, Ádány R. Does socioeconomic status fully mediate the effect of ethnicity on the health of Roma people in Hungary? J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009;63:455–60.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kolarcik P. Self-reported health and health risky behaviour of Roma adolescents in Slovakia: A comparison with non-Roma (PhD thesis). Rijksuniversiteit Groningen; 2012.Google Scholar
- European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, UNDP. The situation of Roma in 11 EU Member States: Survey results at a glance. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2012.Google Scholar
- Population and Housing Census 2001. Selected indicators - Methodological notes. Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic; 2008. http://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/themes/demography/census/metadata/!ut/p/b1/jdBLDoIwEAbgs3gBOuVR2mVBKZiKhQJqNwaNMSSCLozG24vGhSa-ZjfJ909mBhk0R6arT822Pjb7rt7dekOWlVQ0CDAHGk8wJJFUlRoVOA-gB4tnIPyiB2mqy4pmTsbs__Kh4LHrSwAqhQcJj8ucZY4D3PkvDx-Kw6_8GJlm1VrndWuB5bFA59g5gG4BHtohszrgDf33UGklc2ZK8JhPo0gKUKbaklsEOQHAPwA315wB19uTON9u0F606FDW5bzi04atR1cAYJFsiQ!/dl4/d5/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS80SmtFL1o2X1ZMUDhCQjFBMEc3VDEwSU5OU.
- Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. Accessed 6 Aug 2014.Google Scholar


text: Belt Drive Oiling Apparatus Small 224×320 Medium 448×640 Large 716×1024 Download TIFF Original 1679×2400 | (486.7 KB) Description An apparatus used to oil the crank pin of the belt drive system. The oil cup is filled with lubricant and travels through the small pipe, making the belt drive system to run smoothly. Keywords Belt Drive Oiling Apparatus, steam engine, Steam Engine Fuel Regulator, steam power Galleries Machines Parts Source: Derr, Louis Cyclopedia of Engineering (Chicago, IL: American Technical Society, 1911)

subset: commoncrawl


text: Computer and electrical engineering inventions push the boundaries of what we can do with electronics. From robots to radars, computer and electrical engineering covers a wide range of electronic applications. Your cell phone keeps getting thinner, lighter, and faster thanks to advances within this field. You can even thank the engineers and inventors in this field for navigation systems and wireless internet. Computer and electrical engineering is a fast-paced, exciting field and a hot spot where intellectual property protection is vital. Our patent practitioners servicing this area have academic and industry experience in electrical engineering, electronic engineering, computer engineering, and material science.


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Click here to pay your bill online!
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We are open: 7:00AM-3:30PM Monday through Friday. You may also leave payment in drop box located in front of the office. We do not recommend leaving cash in the drop box.
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Once completed please return with a voided check or a letter on bank letterhead stating your account number and routing number to us and we will be happy to assist you in establishing the draft on your account. The bill will go out during normal billing and your account will be drafted the 10th of every month.
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Hosted by Edgartown Yacht Club, the 2018 Edgartown Race Weekend will take place the third weekend in July in historic Edgartown, MA on the island of Martha's Vineyard. More than 70 yachts attend each year, competing in two days of 'Round-the-Buoy ('RTB) racing, a scenic 56NM 'Round-the-Island ('RTI) course starting in Edgartown's Outer Harbor, and – new this year – a 'Round-the-Sound race option!
Where: Edgartown, Massachusetts on Martha's Vineyard
When: Thursday, July 19 through Saturday July 21, 2018
Wednesday 7/18 = Skipper's meeting at 1700
Thursday 7/19 = RTB, first warning signal at 1300hrs
Friday 7/20 = RTB, first warning signal at 1300hrs
Friday 7/20 = RTI skipper's meeting at 1730, RTS skipper's meeting immediately to follow
Saturday 7/21 = RTI, first warning signal at 0800hrs
OR 'Round the Sound starts at 0900hrs on Saturday, soon after the final start for all classes entered in the 56NM RTI
Sunday = Prizes awarded beginning at 1000hrs
Jump to:
Learn more about the 'Round the Buoy Races | 'Round the Island | 'Round the Sound | Links to Register and Reserve Moorings
The Round-the-Island race has been held annually since 1938, except for the years of WWII. The race was inspired by the race around the Isle of Wight which began in Cowes, England in 1931.
The course is reminiscent of the race around the Isle of Wight in England, which was the course of the first America's Cup. As with the Isle of Wight, tidal currents and wind effects play a large factor.
The race passes over Nantucket Sound, the Atlantic Ocean and Vineyard Sound, and by the seven lighthouses of Cape Poge, Gay Head, Tarpaulin Cove, Nobska, West Chop, East Chop and Edgartown as it circumnavigates the 100 square miles that make up Martha's Vineyard.
With a first warning signal at 0800 hours, both cruising and racing boats typically finish by late afternoon or early evening. In the morning the fleet sails between Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket along the east beach of Chappaquiddick. At midday they are in the open Atlantic Ocean with views of the south coast of the Vineyard. In the afternoon, rounding the cliffs of Gay Head, the fleet sails up Vineyard Sound. If the tidal currents or wind conditions make going slow, the Race Committee may shorten course to finish just north of Menemsha.


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Obviously someone had said something funny! We do have a great time with a lot of laughs!
I demonstrated 3 cards tonight and then we all made the swap that I didn't get made at Convention! Ha! Had to do something with all those parts and pieces! Our last make and take was a 3-D project.
Card #1 used the Six Sided Sampler bundle--
I totally cased this from pinterest--juliesstampintime.com! Love the smaller butterfly punched out with the elegant butterfly punch. The other card I made like this had a layer of strawberry slush behind the brown sugar--I like that punch of color--but my placement of the hexagons was better on this card! Ha!
Card #2 Uses Too Kind and a sentiment from Regarding Dahlias. I'm really loving the new strawberry slush in-color as you can tell--I just stamped off to get the lighter color. After it's all put together add some dazzling details to really add some bling to it!
Stamping School--love that site. It's reasonably priced and I get wonderful ideas from it!
The 3rd card I demonstrated was a Christmas card--it's never too early to think about Christmas is it? This card was modeled after the washi tape card that I swapped at Convention. I used the Seasons of Style washi tape from the holiday catalog that we got at the 25th Birthday Bash at convention and the punch pack and Seasons of Style which I believe are both on the carryover list.
Cute and super easy! I'll be back tomorrow to share the two make and takes!
See anything you like? You can always order online here or e-mail me and I'd be glad to help you!


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I am looking at two different used long arm machines and just can't figure out how to choose. One is a Gammill classic, the other is a PFAFF POWER QUILTER p3 QUILTING MACHINE w/QUILT ARTIST II. They both come with very nice tables and lots of extras.
I want it to learn how to long arm quilt and quilt my own tops for now, an maybe if I get good enough, take on other peoples quilts. Any ideas or advice out there??


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Recent Posts
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- The Benefits of a Complimentary Fluid Analysis Program
- How Warm Weather Contributes to Rust, and Why It Matters to You
- It's Easy Being Green: Sustainability in Manufacturing
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Category Archives: rust
The Corrosive Effects of Increased Ethanol in Gasoline
Most people are aware that standard gasoline formulations now contain about 10% ethanol. This is the amount that has been determined "safe" for gasoline-powered vehicles. But not as many people are aware of the increased corrosion potential of ethanol-laced gasoline.\n\nWhile … Continue reading
Stopping Rust and Corrosion in its Tracks
Fe2O3•nH2O and FeO(OH)•Fe(OH)3\n\nDon't worry. This isn't a chemistry test. What you see above are the two chemical formulas that make up the one of the biggest thieves in the steel industry: rust.\n\nLosing inventory, drugstore scrapping pieces, rework, discounted product … Continue reading
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sporty spice
46 comments:
Love it, as usual. Am I starting to sound like a broken record yet!?!ReplyDelete
Love all of your accessories !ReplyDelete
Your jewelry and blouse are so amazing! I love it!ReplyDelete
I really laugh after reading this post.ReplyDelete
You look great, these boots are to die for. And I just love your watch (it's the one with Jesus, right?) You are so original!
that singlet is increddy. the colour and cut are so beautiful.ReplyDelete
Bang & Buck
did you bust out wth 'stop right now' haha ;) love the colour of your singlet.xReplyDelete
These pictures are awesome!ReplyDelete
nice outfit:)ReplyDelete
Goodness, you pull off the leather shorts with boots look flawlessly! And you have such an amazing ring collection.ReplyDelete
♥, Jamie
I loveee how you can see the bra through the top, and it's still classsy.ReplyDelete
I love the colour of your top, and if you did work out in the shorts you would no doubt sweat more....ReplyDelete
I don't know what I like most: the clothes or your sense of humor! :DReplyDelete
Keep on going with both!!
xx THE CHEAP
Haha that reminds me of when I was walking around in silk American Apparel shorts. My aunt was telling me to go change because it looked like pajamas. I tried telling her that they aren't boxers, but she wouldn't believe me.ReplyDelete
my fav spice girl lol!! LOVING the deep purple with those shorties!! uber beaut xoReplyDelete
love those rings. saw you on because i'm addicted. hot hot hot.ReplyDelete
gorgeous as usual!! love your jewelry and your aw backpack!! mm xxReplyDelete
The shorts are super cute (I'd go to the gym in them...would have some problems but hey, I'd look damn cute) hehehe and you always have the best tanks!ReplyDelete
love all your rings, and the racer back shirt xoReplyDelete
Love it, as usual, especially the detail of can see the bra through the top and not look ugly.ReplyDelete
You can always run on the beach, which is not the same :)
Hhahahah, could have been photoshoot at the gym. We could believe you with that one! but yeah, leather running shorts are just great for swet, hahah. You could never be just sporty, ashley! You look gorgeous even wearing casual. love that black ring. sweet! Is the virgin you´re wearing, Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal? Have the same. Nice touch. Keep rocking, doll. peaceReplyDelete
ahhh i love your style... so effortless woman.. love the leather shorts. i've been lusting for a pair..ReplyDelete
i hate running too.. makes me want to lie down
i have to ask. where in the world do you find those amazing tees. love the oversized effect and the amazing color. you are the only girl who can make a casual outfit look wicked and fashionable. i don't know anyone with a style like yoursReplyDelete
love your top !! (and your bra :p) want it !! <3ReplyDelete
I love your style!ReplyDelete
you looks like Alexa Chung!
Looking good! If you're ever at the gym i'm sure your still looking stylish and fabulous! Love this hoodie, its one of the best basics hoodies everyone should own!ReplyDelete
only you could wear leather booty gym shorts and look good....and dying w your friend saying did you just come from the gym..that would have been ONE sweaty ass if so.ReplyDelete
loovee your rings and boots!ReplyDelete
<3 http://eccentricdaydream.blogspot.com/
Hah, I just made myself jog 2 miles last night and was panting/wheezing by the end. Those shorts. Why did I not buy? They are so good. And I want your necklaces, as always. xooooooReplyDelete
Lets just say if you were to run at the gym you'd be beyond stylish! ;)ReplyDelete
You look AMAZING!! Love those shorts!ReplyDelete
wow I love your blog, your hair, your style, your everythingReplyDelete
Great photos as always. You actually look a little like Gina Gershon in these.ReplyDelete
dude. lovenz those shorts! you look sooooo smokin.... and the hoodie is perfect and looks soooo comfy... like snuggling with a bunny.... ok, maybe not, but it does look super cozy xoReplyDelete
STUNNING!!!!LOOOOVE everything!!! favolous always hun :DReplyDelete
Hi! I like this post so much, you look really great!ReplyDelete
If you want come and visit my blog, and if you like, follow me!
I love me a good sporty look. This one is done so right.ReplyDelete
ah so cute. you got that sport look down. thanks for letting me live vicariously through your blog because i'd never be able to pull off the outfits you rock. <3ReplyDelete
- Anonymous7/15/11, 2:26 AM
cute sporty shorts...love the combination with the boots!!ReplyDelete
If you entered the gym looking like that, i'll bet all eyes will be on you. Well, mine will. Hahahas. Amazingly dressed for that sporty chick feel! You've made me rethink how sportswear should be wornReplyDelete
Thanks a lot :)
Seraphina L.
Just one more thingg I relate to you about. I HATE RUNNING. 'Dread' would be a good word to sum up my feelings on the subject. I had chronic bronchitis growing up and highschool P.E. was living hell. Probably why I ended up having to do multiple semesters of stats to make up for years of failed p.e. credits, HA! However, I do lovvve those leather shorts. Atleast you can give off the impression you're somewhat sporty and physically active by wearing them. Beach Rat>Gym Rat all the wayyy. I'd rather get in shape by body surfing and walking on the sand anyday. And I lovveee those necklaces! xReplyDelete
You're so awesome. x hivennReplyDelete
If I wore short shorts I would definitely wear those short shorts. Wood chuck chuck.ReplyDelete
I've been looking through your blog and I can't get over how amazing your style is! And your ombre hair is absolute perfection, I love it! xoxoReplyDelete


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No I am not talking about the Fabulous Fifties: an era of identical pink pressboard suburban houses filled with smiling, apron-clad housewives. All the men wear slippers and fedoras and smoke pipes, all the girls are teenaged and wear poodle skirts, and all the boys are cute, freckle faced scamps with slingshots in their pockets. Parents sleep in separate beds and only kiss each other on the cheek aka Pleasantville (nice movie). My reference was the website tvtropes.com. I am talking about my new approach to fitness. I haven't got a hard routine at the moment thanks to a very mushy brain, lots of heavy responsibilities and an injured right shoulder. Rather than take these as limitations and a reason to skip the gym altogether I use such factors to shape a workout I can do and it helps to think of the framework in numbers meaning I set a number or reps to achieve as the outline of the training and go for it with the body parts that do function nicely. I find that trying to hit the number helps me focus more on the execution and training than whatever limitations I am dealing with.
Last week I did THE FIFTIES WORKOUT complete with a little Heartbreak Hotel thanks to the King himself, Elvis Presley. This is what the workout looked like:
HACK SQUAT: 50 pounds of weight 50 reps 4 sets
DONKEY KICK TO CEILING: 5 pound ankle weights 50 reps per side 4 sets
TWISTING ABS IN PIKE POSITION: 5 pound ankle weight 10 pound medicine ball 50 twists left 50 twists right 4 sets
PLATE LOADED LEG PRESS: 150 pounds of weight 50 reps 4 sets
SUPINE HIP RAISE: 45 pound plate on stomach 50 reps (full and mini pulses) 4 sets
50 minutes cardio alternating between skipping and mini trampoline
That's 50 minutes of fun people. Get on with it!!
PS. Stay tuned for 100's and 200's next.


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Arwen Braid LOTR Medieval Renaissance costume wig hairpiece custom
Item Description
This is a multi strand braid and is the ideal accessory for Tribal Belly dancing, Comic con, Cosplay or the SCA! Plait wig hair extensions are perfect for your theatrical, fantasy, Renaissance costume or Medieval Period wedding! Dress up as a Princess, a Maiden, or Juliet!
This is my interpretation of the braid that is worn by Arwen in Lord of the Rings. This braid can also be worn pinned up in a chignon as a gorgeous style for a formal event, prom, homecoming or as a beautiful bridal hair style to wear for a unique wedding!
Do you want to go to the Renaissance festival in style? Do you have a Renaissance themed wedding and don't know what do to with your hair? Is your hair medium or short and you want to pretend like you have long hair? You need this braid extension! For less than a visit to the salon or the cost of a braid at the Renaissance Festival you can have a fantastically beautiful braid that you can wear over and over again! This extension braids right into your own hair and you can't tell where your hair ends and the Arewn braid begins! If you can make pigtails that are 3 inches or longer then you can extend your hair with this braid - and it takes less than 5 minutes to put into your hair!
This beautiful braided hair extension is custom matched to your hair color for you by me — Tressa the hairdressa!
This is a fast and easy way to add to your wedding or renaissance outfit! But wait there's more! As an added benefit I am including a bundle of flowers to add to your braid so you can match your outfit! Flower colors are red, purple, blue, teal, burgundy, yellow, peach, light pink, dark pink and white. If you do not indicate a flower color I will send burgundy, red or white.
Please note that the thin braided headband shown worn by the model in this listing is not included but is sold separately here : ->Thin Braided Headband <-
There are many colors to choose from!
Be sure to check out the color chart here --> Color Chart <--to see all of the colors I have available.
I can match your hair and highlights as well. Before you place your order be sure to read "How to Choose the Correct Color" here -> Custom Color Match <- first with instructions on how to place your order – and be sure to contact me if you would like to see any color swatches. I will send them out to you asap!
Please put the color or colors you would like in the "order comments" area right above the "review order" button when you check out.
Thank you Jennifer Busby Matas from Faeryspell Creations for modeling for me! You can see her wonderful etsy shop here: http://faeryspellcreations.etsy.com
Thank you Shannon Lovorn for modeling this braid for me! Be sure to check out her gorgeous fantasy inspired wire jewelry in her esty store here: http://gypsymoonart.etsy.com


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There were reports that Sonam Kapoor will be seen doing a cameo in Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's Mirziya, which marks the debut of her brother Harshvardhan Kapoor. However, the actress has denied the reports.
Sonam said, "No I'm not. I just went to Leh to meet him for two days. He was in Nubra and I was in Leh on a holiday. So he told me, 'Why don't you just drive down to see me?' So I just drove down to see him. Rakeysh has made four films and I have been part of two. And my brother is doing his fifth film. So I went to see Mehra on the sets."
The actress is currently busy promoting Prem Ratan Dhan Payo.


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I cannot keep a house. I am a filthy slob and I have no idea of what is involved in housekeeping. So, I'm cleaning and I say, I'll clean the computer nook- should take maybe a half an hour. But then I pick up one thing and notice 10 things under/behind/hidden by the one thing. It's like pulling a thread-- my whole house unravels.
The half hour clean up of the computer nook has lasted 3 hours and counting. And it looks 10 times worse than it did when I started. It doesn't help that I can not bend my knees. Stupid fucking knees.


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Water Heater Repairs, Installation, Replacement
Mr. Rooter is your source for water heater repairs or installation in Manchester, Nashua, Portsmouth, Concord, and Laconia, NH, as well as the surrounding area. Have you noticed that there never seems to be enough hot water for you and your family? Does your water have a repulsive smell or have noticed a drop in the water temperature when taking a shower? These are all signs that you may need a plumbing expert to repair your hot water heater.
Call Mr. Rooter of Greater New Hampshire for a free estimate. Our plumbers can take care of sediment buildup - calcium, magnesium and other minerals - in the water tank. We can also take care of the element that heats the water. Most hot water heater brands typically last from 7 to 12 years before needing a replacement. If yours is beyond repairs, we can also take care of water heater installation.
Here is a useful diagram to help you see inside your gas and electric water heater. Once provided with fuel or another power source, the tank heats the water for use throughout your home. In an electric water heater, the water is heated by two elements, each with their own thermostats, whereas a gas heater raises the water temperature through a burner assembly. Common items for water heaters include the drain valve, the cold water inlet, a sacrificial anode rod that prevents tank wear, a dip tube, and a pressure relief valve. Mr. Rooter® Plumbing provides water heater repair and installation services in Concord, Manchester, Nashua, Laconia, and nearby areas in New Hampshire for when you need it most. Don't be left wet in cold water! Contact your local Mr. Rooter plumber today for your estimate and service appointment.


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Kristina & Bill's California Dream Home
Name: Bill and Kristina Sager and their dog, Wisco
Location: Fletcher Hills, California
Size: 2,400 square feet
Years lived in: 2 years; Owned
Creative duo Kristina and Bill breathed new life into their San Diego area Mid-century modern home while also lovingly preserving its gorgeous original character. Both Wisconsin natives, the couple met while working together in advertising in Milwaukee. Since moving to San Diego ten years ago, Bill has founded the creative agency Carousel with two business partners, while Kristina works as a copywriter for Sharp HealthCare. In their spare time, the couple are slowly restoring their house to its original glory room-by-room, taking their time to do the job right and loving every minute of the process.
Before purchasing their current home, the couple lived by the beach for a few years and then bought a Spanish bungalow in the neighborhood of Talmadge. It was 750 square feet on a tiny city lot, so they learned to maximize every square inch, even adding a rooftop deck above the garage. Kristina recalls, "While we loved that little bungalow, we eventually started looking for a house with more space. We found our current house and knew that it was our forever house when we saw that one of the electrical boxes had a letterpress switch."
Much to their delight, Bill and Kristina discovered that the previous owner had printing presses in the garage, sparking feelings of an instant creative connection to the home. "The house reminded us of Frank Lloyd Wright's prairie-style homes from the Midwest," Kristina said. These days, Bill creates art in their spacious detached garage-turned-studio in his free time.
Kristina and Bill purchased their home from the original owner's son, with the intention of preserving its character and integrity. "Everything in the home was original and untouched, which probably scared some people away but was exactly the reason we loved it," said Kristina. She continues, "The day before we moved in, we met with the owner's son and got a four-hour tour of the house, complete with details about where the family put their Christmas tree. We know the house meant a lot to the Sheldon family, and having that background and history was important to us. We feel like caretakers of this great home and hope to give it another 50+ years of love."
The couple have kept their promise by only making a few cosmetic updates, such as fresh paint, new appliances, and flooring. They enjoy hunting for the right Mid-century pieces and are enjoying the process of finishing the house a little at a time while not stressing over unfinished spaces. "We had a steady stream of house guests this summer and we loved every minute of it," Kristina mused. She continues, "The house's layout makes it so easy to entertain. We have intimate spaces for gathering, but enough room to let our guests spread out and unwind." Sadly, the couple's beloved dog, Wisco, passed away recently. His loving spirit will not be forgotten as the couple looks forward to raising a family in their beautiful home.
Apartment Therapy Survey:
Our Style: Mid-century modern that's warm and inviting
Inspiration: Designspiration, Dwell, Houzz, vintage magazines
Favorite Element: There are so many things we love about this house, including all of the windows and wood beams, but one of our absolute favorites is the fireplace. It looks great all year, but there's nothing better than sitting around a warm, cozy fire with a glass of wine after a long day.
Biggest Challenge: The house sat vacant for three years before we bought it, so we hit quite a few hiccups our first year. But we were determined to bring the house back to life. It's still a work-in-progress. We're tackling the upstairs first and will slowly make our way downstairs room-by-room. We don't want to buy things just to fill the space. They have to be the right pieces and ones that we both love.
What Friends Say: "It feels like a giant tree house."
Biggest Embarrassment: All of the old-house quirks that we haven't gotten around to fixing yet.
Proudest DIY: We had to build a fence with gates to keep our nearly 100-pound yellow lab, Wisco, contained in the patio area. It was tough trying to match the existing fencing, but we had cedar custom-outdoormilled and found a great product called Eco Wood that instantly aged the wood and helped it blend in seamlessly.
Biggest Indulgence: New appliances that were all needed at the same time.
Best Advice: When in doubt, buy! We've missed out on a few great vintage pieces because we hesitated. If it doesn't work out when you get the piece home, chances are you can probably easily sell it again on Craigslist.
Dream Sources: A weekend of estate sales in Palm Springs and a semi-trailer to fill at the Rose Bowl Flea Market in Pasadena.
- Couch and sectional: Plummers
We've been collecting Mid-century pieces since we've had places of our own, and have always enjoyed the hunt of vintage shopping. Almost all of our furniture has had a previous life in someone else's home.
Our Danish teak dining table was one of our best finds on Craigslist. The seller inherited it from his grandma's friend, and it was just sitting in his garage for years. The son of the previous homeowners stopped by recently and said his parents had an almost identical table. It made us feel good that the table was getting a second life and that we're staying true to the house itself.
It's all original except for the appliances. Kristina loves to cook, so the open floor plan and the outdoor pass-through are perfect for entertaining. The giant lazy Susan is also pretty amazing for storage.
- Dresser: Rusty Gold in North Park (no longer in business)
- Architect: Richard John Lareau (1961)
- Fencing: custom-milled cedar treated with Eco Wood
- Miscellaneous resources: Kobey's Swap Meet in San Diego, Rose Bowl Flea Market in Pasadena, Craigslist, antique stores, thrift stores
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PumpkinsWe took a break from our All About Me Unit (it is just too easy to add on different topics and activities to this unit). I haven't been photographing very many All About Me activities or blogging weekly about those activities, but we are still doing them. I'll post what we did get photographed on a separate post later.
This week we also started a PUMPKIN unit ... I am sure there will be many other people doing the same theme in October. We will do this theme for one more week because I planned too much ... so think of pumpkins as a fall unit instead of just for Halloween. Then, we will be moving on to another theme as we continue our All About Me Unit.
The books will most likely be listed in my next blog post since I am getting this posted so late. I actually got a hold of some great pumpkin books this year.
Language Arts
ABC Order Pumpkins
Alyssa placed the pumpkin cards in alphabetical order. The cards for the next two activities were found at Hubbard's Cupboard. Scroll down to one of the activities for Day Two.
ABC Order Pumpkins and Sound Pictures
She looked at a picture card, said the word, sounded out the word emphasizing the beginning sound, and placed the picture card on the correct pumpkin letter card. Use the same link and information as seen in the text above. After she was done she told me she was missing the picture cards for the letters g, r, and x. But, the cards were just stuck together.
CVC Word Pumpkins
I printed out the CVC Pumpkin Spelling Cards from Hubbard's Cupboard ... scroll down almost to the bottom. This activity is listed under literacy. Instead of printing out the page with letters typed on seed templates ... I decided to write the letters on actual seeds so that my daughter would be more interested in the activity. It worked! She used the pumpkin seeds to form words that corresponded to the pictures on the pumpkins by sounding out the words as she spelled them. She did a much better job with this activity than I thought she would ... just goes to show ... never underestimate your child.
Reader: My Pumpkin
Pumpkin Shape Reader
Alyssa read and completed each page one at a time before we stapled them together. She traced the shapes mentioned on the page to create part of the face (a new facial feature was mentioned on each page) and then she colored them. Last of all, I mixed up the pages and asked her to put them in the correct order based on the facial features traced and colored (how to draw a jack o' lantern). She helped me staple them together. The pumpkin shape reader was found at Making Learning Fun .
Make and Break "Pumpkin"
I placed the magnetic letters on a burner cover. I asked Alyssa if she could spell the word "pumpkin." This activity was done after exposure to the word in several other activities. I now have the scrambled letters on the file cabinet and she makes the word pumpkin whenever she wants.
Scarecrow Pumpkin Alphabet Match
This was a review activity for Alyssa, but she likes doing any activity involving letters. She matched uppercase letters to lowercase letters on the Scarecrow Pumpkin Mat from Childcareland. I actually found the link to this printable at Ideas for Preschoolers.
Nursery Rhymes, Poems, and Songs
Peter, Peter Pumpkin Eater
Alyssa read the nursery rhyme one word at a time using her pointer finger. She identified the rhyming words and recognized the word "pumpkin". I used the rhyme poster from the October Year 1 Itty Bitty Bookworm CD. You can find a cute poster for this rhyme at Cherry Carl's website Carl's Corner.
Five Little Pumpkin File Folder Poem
We did this activity using different types of pumpkins each time we read or sang the poem. We used wooden, ornament, candy, foam, and felt pumpkins. You could also laminate the paper pumpkins from Childcareland. The file folder activity can be found at Making Learning Fun (with paper pumpkin props). You could even make the gate and pumpkins as a craft one day and then use as props the next day. I loved it when she acted out the third pumpkin's line. This picture shows small painted wooden pumpkins from Hobby Lobby. The last pic shows her rolling the pumpkins out of sight.
I used several different resources for the pumpkin songs. If you google pumpkin songs the popular ones will most likely show up. I did find several songs here.10 Little Pumpkins
(Tune: "Ten Little Indians")
We used a variety of wooden pumpkins from Hobby Lobby to sing the song using props.
5 Little Pumpkins Poem
We used glittery jack 'o' lanterns from Hobby Lobby to read this poem aloud. She did this one over and over again.
(Tune: "Mary had a Little Lamb")
"I'm a Little Pumpkin"
(Tune: "I'm a Little Teapot")
(Tune: "I'm a Little Teapot")
We used a larger, thicker wooden painted pumpkin given to us last year. Any pumpkin prop would work.
"Did You Ever See a Pumpkin"
"If You See A Big, Orange Pumpkin"
"Where's the Pumpkin"
"We Are Going to the Pumpkin Patch"
(Go to Childcareland and scroll down to Pumpkin Songs and Fingerplays for the words to the three songs mentioned above.
Pumpkin Seed Counters
I placed small numbered popsicle sticks inside pumpkins (from Target's dollar area. Then, Alyssa placed the pumpkins in numerical order. She also counted out the correct number of seeds for each pumpkin. First, she put the seeds inside the pumpkin and then she counted them in front of the pumpkin using the Montessori method. She is getting better at placing the counters in a fashion that shows even numbers with a partner and odd numbers without a partner. She did this activity three times and then asked for a new activity.
Pumpkin Seed Addition
Alyssa has been interested in addition lately. I printed the counting addition mat from Childcareland ... scroll down all the way to the bottom. Then, I found and cut out the pumpkins with seed outlines (10 per side) at Making Learning Fun. It was actually page 2 from the Pumpkin Seed Game, which we will probably play next week. She worked on one-to-one correspondence and addition at the same time. She focused on the +1 through +3 equations, then she decided she wanted to try a new activity. She used the number tiles at the top and then counted out the correct amount of seeds per pumpkin. Most of the time she did NOT count pointing to each seed ... recognizing quantities by sight (without counting). I would ask her what the total amount was, what is the sum, how many seeds do we have all together, or how many seeds in all. I wanted to expose her to the different vocabulary used in addition problems. She also used number tiles to show the total or sum. I placed the pumpkin seeds in the lid of a jack o' lantern candy container (I bought these last year from Oriental Trading after Halloween). I wish I had time to post what Alyssa and I did last year with these containers ... maybe after her birthday party when things slow down a bit. Less than two weeks and she turns THREE! I can't believe it.
Pumpkin Number Match
This was another file folder game from Childcareland. I think it is on the Complete Collection CD. If you find it on her website FREE, then please let me know so that I can provide the link.
Fine Motor
Pumpkin Tweezing
Alyssa picked up pumpkin ornaments (bought last year from Hobby Lobby) using plastic bug tweezers and placed them in an ice cube tray. I couldn't find my pumpkin ice cube tray from Dollar Tree. She counted them as she put them into the tray.
Sensory Autumn Bin
Alyssa and I put spiders, leaves, and pumpkins in a plastic dish wash tub. I gave her bug tweezers to pull out items. She sorted them in piles on the stairs. Later we added in real and wooden acorns (from Hobby Lobby).
Art: Drawing with a Purpose
Learning How to Draw a Pumpkin
I showed Alyssa step-by-step how to draw a pumpkin. We discussed or reviewed the shapes and colors we were using as we drew them. I showed her how to use different shapes for different facial features. Then, she drew and colored her own pumpkin using whatever colors and shapes she wanted to use. She wrote her name in rainbow colors at the bottom. She said, "Mommy ... look (pointing to her picture) ... red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple in my name."
We made the pumpkin puzzle from Childcareland. The puzzle was pretty easy but Alyssa liked doing it for fun. She helped me make the puzzle except for the cutting of course.
Field Trips and Fun
Alyssa had a lot of fun at the corn maze. She jumped on the corn popper, slid down the caterpillar slide, climbed on hay bales, read and answered trivia questions about the pumpkin farm, fed goats, played on the playground, went on a hay ride, rode the barrel train, and ........ walked through the corn maze.
Church Pumpkin Patch
We picked out pumpkins for Math, Art, and Science activities that we probably won't get to until next week since I planned too much as usual. I wonder if I will ever STOP doing that ... I always plan too much ... it is like an addiction to me. She did tell me which one was the largest and smallest after we brought them home.
Church Fall Festival
We went to an amazing church fall festival. They had barrel rides, games, bouncers, and slides. Alyssa LOVED it!
Canyon Lake Library Halloween Party
She was able to complete two crafts at the library. She decorated a mask with feathers and sequins. Then, she added google eyes and a pom pom nose to a bat. She won the coloring contest for her age group - she won fine tip washable markers. She loves to draw so I am sure that she will use them on a daily basis! We ran into several friends that day so Alyssa had the opportunity to play with familiar faces. Here is the picture she colored for the contest. As you can see she wrote her name and the word mom at the bottom.
Trick or Treating
Well ... I am sure that there will be someone that disagrees with this, but I believe in showing my daughter how people celebrate different holidays in different ways. I discussed the Christian viewpoint and we also participated in the trick or treating events held downtown. I don't want to exclude her from these activities since she is surrounded by them. All the businesses downtown give out candy to the children. Everyone walks up and down the streets dressed in costumes while visiting with each other. It is a huge social event. Ace Hardware also gives out FREE hotdogs and drinks that night, so we always STOP there first so that we aren't starving. Thank you Ace Hardware! The middle school is also downtown and they run a Fall Festival at the same time. I saw SEVERAL of my old students and parents. This was the first time my husband ever dressed up for Halloween in his life. He had a great time and everyone LOVED his Scarecrow costume that my daughter chose for him after watching the Wizard of Oz on movie night. My husband chose my costume ... he picked Pocohantas. I was a little nervous wearing it because I read a blog that listed it as one of the top ten costumes NOT to wear on Halloween because it was offensive to Native Americans, but it was too late ... I couldn't return it and didn't even think about it that way. I was just thinking about the Disney character!
Another Library Visit
We picked out a movie and books to read for the week. I ran into an old student of mine and her family, so we sat down on the floor for several hours catching up. Her daughters were GREAT with Alyssa. After we left, Alyssa told me that the girls were NOT my friends, but that they were HER friends and that their mommy was MY friend. She had us all sharing crayons and coloring the same picture with her. It was so cute! I loved that she used her manners even though she skipped her nap. Although she was a bit bossy that day.
Daddy Day
This doesn't happen very often, but Daddy had Alyssa for a whole day. He is usually busy working two jobs, but he encouraged me to go to crop night at the Scrapbook Haus to work on her birthday supplies (since my daughter picked a discontinued theme ... Clifford the Big Red Dog). She went to Landa Park in New Braunfels with him to feed the squirrels and ducks. She of course played on the playground and went for a train ride while they were there. She saw and learned about pigs that same day at the Pet Shop. It was the first time they ever had pigs at the store.
Dinner with Friends
We drove to Helotes to visit our friends for dinner. We wanted to meet their new baby girl. This was great because Alyssa had a play date at the same time. She got to play with her buddy Sean all night.
**We almost had to stay the night since our vehicle decided NOT to start that night. My husband replaced the battery the next day!!
WOW ... I didn't realize how much we did this week ... no wonder Alyssa has been tired lately!!!!! I didn't add any miscellaneous activities that she did this week because there were too many.
For more tot school activities visit Carisa's 1+1+1=1 blog ... last I looked there were 51 other people that linked a post this week. If you are looking for more advanced activities visit Jolanthe's blog Preschool Corner (preschool and up). Last I looked she had 68 people that linked activities to do.
Thanks for Visiting and Please Stop by Again,
More Pumpkin Activities to Come!!!!
There may also be a few Halloween type activities that I forgot to do this week too.
Okay ... so we are a little behind.


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This is the fourth time the Intellectual Property Exhibition has been held. The idea behind the exhibition, initially, was to bring local Durban artists and crafters together to showcase their work and give the buying public a "home-grown" alternative to the mass-produced items shipped into this country from abroad.
The title "Intellectual Property" was decided on because it gets to the heart of the issue that local artists and crafters face; that is, a massive retail behemoth that continually harvests from the fertile grounds of the "small-guy" artist and crafter, and then ships the idea off-shore for cheap production. So the title is intended to encourage the viewing public to think more deeply about this issue – and hopefully decide to support local artists and crafters; instead of going for the "cookie-cutter" cheapies in the large retail stores.
Artists are invited to participate; we do not prescribe what kind of work they submit – our only requirement is that it is unique and falls broadly into the category of "gallery" work. This, we hope, results in an eclectic collection of high-end art and craft that show-cases Durban's and KZN's talent to the public.
This year the exhibition is an exciting mix of jewelery, painting, decor, craft, furniture, collaborative projects, fashion, music and performance – a bumper crop of unique, creative and contemporary work.
The exhibition opens 5th October 2017 at 5.30 for 6.00 p.m. and at The Plant, 5 Station Drive. The event is then open 6th October 2017 9.00 a.m. to 3.00 p.m. and 7th October 2017 9.00 a.m. to 1.00 p.m. The opening and event are free and open to the public.
Please see the Facebook Page at Intellectual Property Exhibition 2017 and the Site at www.ipexhibition.co.za


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Well, here I am, Ed Arrington, newly published Christian Author. My book is called THE SOUND OF CHIMES and I have hopes it will be made into a Motion Picture. I LIVE IN jACKSONVILLE, Fl and have started my next book. Want to talk to anyone interested in Christian writing.
Please Respond
Ed Arrington
Monday, July 27, 2009
For all the World to See
Posted by Ed Arrington at 8:38 AM
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Latin American Music Awards honors the most influential and iconic Latino Artists today, voted by the fans.
The history of the development of the band "Menudo" and its unprecedented global success.
"Hasta que te conoci" ("Until I Met You") will trace the life of Alberto Aguilera Valadez also known as "Juan Gabriel". A story that tells us how his talent led him to defy his fate and overcome poverty, betrayals and prejudices.
Kike, 14, has a passion for cutting-edge technology—and that passion has turned him into a true expert when it comes to inventing, enhancing and repairing all sorts of mechanical and electronic gadgets.
This show is dedicated exclusively to the top-selling genre of Latin Music in the United States: Regional Mexican.
Vikki RPM gives a fun new twist to the story of Romeo y Julieta, taking it to the race track of Ciudad del Este, where Max and Victoria compete and fall in love…


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Environmental ImpactBy Ramon Arjona
A mad druid named Drylle holds a grudge against the forest village of Sumpter, which he views as an unlawful encroachment of civilization upon wild lands. In an effort to drive the villagers away, he has brought unseasonably hot and rainy weather to the area. As a result, the nearby river and lake have flooded several times, and crops in the village gardens and orchards have rotted from excessive moisture. Rising temperatures, high humidity, and disease brought by insects attracted to the standing water have already caused the deaths of several villagers, and more may follow any day. Still, the villagers have held on, demonstrating the characteristic stubbornness of pioneers.
Frustrated by his lack of success and determined to put a stop to humankind's constant expansion, Drylle has spent the past few weeks traveling far and wide, collecting a veritable army of hostile plant creatures to bring back to his forest. Some he has brought through coercion; others have joined him willingly, lured by the promise of rich feeding grounds. With these "troops," he plans to lay siege to Sumpter, preventing the villagers from going into the forest for food. Once starvation and disease have weakened them enough to prevent effective resistance, he will send in his troops to finish them off. Only the PCs can save the village now.
About the Author
Ramon Arjona is a software developer with Wizards of the Coast, Inc. His work has appeared in Strange Horizons, The Absinthe Literary Review, and ZZYZYVA. He would like to dedicate this miniadventure to the all the designers and editors who have made D&D a great game, both in print and on the web.


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I had the privilege to be invited by She Buys Cars to attend the Washington Auto Show. I attended last year for the first time and had no clue what a travel blogger would find to write about. I was surprised to find lots that apply to a family and travel.
This year the opening keynote speaker was Harman CEO Dinesh Paliwal. He spoke about how his company which supplies many with audio and connected-car systems, is tackling security in autonomous vehicles head on. Harman is concentrating on four Cs: cloud, collaboration, customization and cyber security, with the last being the "most important." One thing he stressed over and over was that we need diversity in the auto industry including more women in the engineering programs. To achieve that we need to start getting our daughters more interested in the STEM programs.
Cybersecurity was the phrase of the day. With the cars being more and more autonomous we need to make sure they are safe and secure. One interesting fact is right now there are around 30 different computer systems in a car but none actually talk to each other so a hacker may get access to the acceleration but not the steering at the same time.
One thing that the automakers are moving away from is in dash navigation. Most of us have smartphones with Waze or Google Maps on them. Those are updated more frequently than we update our cars navigation so automakers are now offering ways to connect your phones to their systems. That can be through Apple CarPlay and/or AndroidAuto. To get even more high-tech Hyundai's luxury car Genesis connect with Amazon's Alexa!!! You can tell Alexa to start your car for you in the mornings! How amazing is that?!?!?
Did you know that women influence 70 percent of car buying decisions? I know I took a huge role in buying our Nissan Murano in 2009 because it was going to be my car that I drove all the time with our daughter. Last year I noticed each booth had one or two sales ladies to talk with but this year they were the majority and there were only one or two guys in the booth. You can also see that more women are helping design the cars. Little things like being about to move a car seat without having to uninstall the baby's car seat or being able to open a door without having to push any buttons. It all goes back to what Mr. Paliwal said we need more women in the engineering and design positions since we are the ones actually driving these cars now. Unlike how it was when our grandmothers were our age and the men drove the cars all the time.
The auto show is a very eye opening place to visit and next time we're shopping for a car I hope it's around the time of an auto show so we can go and window shop all the different cars and see which will work for us. I love being able to look at the cars, sit in them, test features, etc without feeling rushed or pressured to buy a car. It's the perfect way to car shop!
Have you ever attended a car show? Have you gone just to go or to research a car for purchase?
The Washington Auto Show runs from January 27- February 5 at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center for tickets, full schedule and more, click here.
I received compensation for this post. As always, all opinions are 100 % my own.