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(Published in Sify.com, retrieved from http://www.sify.com/movies/making-kaam-work-arjun-rampal-sudhir-mishra-show-first-look-at-cannes-news-bollywood-mgmkXwbifad.html)
His film Heroine was launched with Aishwarya Rai at Cannes last year, and now Arjun Rampal is here to speak about the film, its new heroine, and his other projects. On the sidelines of the Cannes Festival 2012, Rampal also joined director Sudhir Mishra in launching the first look of their upcoming film Kaam. Speaking of his presence at Cannes, Rampal said it felt great to be an ambassador for the industry, and to interact with so many directors and actors from across the world. He also clarified that Heroine is still being shot, and that its supposed screening at Cannes was media speculation. As he and Mishra interacted with journalists after playing scenes fromKaam, Nandini Krishnan spoke to them about their new venture, the lead up to it, and the work they've done over the years.
His film Heroine was launched with Aishwarya Rai at Cannes last year, and now Arjun Rampal is here to speak about the film, its new heroine, and his other projects. On the sidelines of the Cannes Festival 2012, Rampal also joined director Sudhir Mishra in launching the first look of their upcoming film Kaam. Speaking of his presence at Cannes, Rampal said it felt great to be an ambassador for the industry, and to interact with so many directors and actors from across the world. He also clarified that Heroine is still being shot, and that its supposed screening at Cannes was media speculation. As he and Mishra interacted with journalists after playing scenes fromKaam, Nandini Krishnan spoke to them about their new venture, the lead up to it, and the work they've done over the years.
Arjun, does your character in Heroine have negative shades?
Arjun Rampal: In Heroine, not really. I play a superstar, and all superstars are human beings, and all human beings have good and bad in them. (Laughs) And I think it deals with that side of the story – it's a man who has achieved a lot in life, he's in a bad marriage when we find him, and he's having an affair with...well, a strong relationship with Kareena, who plays the protagonist.
So, it just deals with what he's going through at that point in his life, how media speculates about their relationship, his wife is giving him a hard time through the divorce, he doesn't want the relationship to come out in the open, and that creates the insecurity, which is what I really like about Heroine.
Madhur has been able to catch the insecurity of an actress, because actresses end up being in their vanity vans, with their hairdressers and their whole department, listening to media, planting stories, and that is very much part of the way they lead their lives. Whereas an actor would worry about the production side of it, the editing side of it, the script...
Isn't that a sexist comment?!
Arjun Rampal: (Laughs) Well...you know, that's why most actors end up not creating a shelf-life for themselves, and I think Heroinecaptures that aspect of an actor – it could be a male actor or a female actor – very well. The insecurities of an actor are captured very well.
The reason I asked about negative shades is that most of the roles you've played are characters with a dark side to them, even in a film like The Last Lear. Do you enjoy playing those roles, or is it that you think you look like someone who could portray them?
Arjun Rampal: No, it's not that. I think the reason why I choose a film is...well, I first think, 'Would I go watch this film if I was not in it?' Would I go to the theatre, buy a ticket and watch it? How does it entertain? What is it trying to say? Then, of course, your character – how challenging it is, how much it has to do, what is his path, his growth, where does he start from, where does he end.
I find playing just a one-dimensional characters very, very boring, because I don't think any human being is one-dimensional. I think we all have so many different traits in us, and it's very rarely that you get parts to play like that. So, yes, playing characters that go on the darker side is something I really enjoy at times, but I also like to play complex characters, you know.
People might think, in The Last Lear, okay, he's playing a negative character, but actually he's not. He's just a director who's selfish about his work – he wants the best of his work to come out, and he wants to push his actor to whatever limit he can, and that's for the betterment of his film, because he's obsessed with his film.
In Rock On, I play a character who's not negative. In Rajneeti, I play a politician who can do a lot of damage to somebody who comes in his way, in the way of his ambition, in the way of his family, if somebody touches or harms his family, but at the same time, he gives his life for his brother. So, you've got all those levels in him. He doesn't take advantage of a marriage, or force his way in a marriage that he knows is wrongly done, and so until and unless Katrina comes and says listen, I see a different side to you now. So, there's a journey – in the beginning you feel he's really bad, and then you start loving him. And I think those are the characters I like to play.
Tell me a little more about the making of Kaam.
Arjun Rampal: I'm very excited about showing the first look of the film here, you know. Sudhir and I have worked very closely on this film together. In fact, my wife had got fed up about the number of times he's come home. (Laughs) We sat for three months, and really worked hard. It's a topical subject, and again, you'll ask me whether I play a bad character, no?
Well, from the first look, I don't think you come across as a negative character at all.
Arjun Rampal: No? Okay! Wow, a lady saying that after watching the trailer is especially surprising to me. (Laughs) But, yeah, Sudhir is obviously a wonderful director and I had a great time working with him on this film, and working on this character especially.
Sudhir Mishra: Arjun's really contributed a lot, and we worked very well together. You know, it's very rare for me to find somebody like him, and you have this whole notion of Arjun Rampal. But the way we worked and prepared for the film sort of put us in total sync, so the actual shooting of the film got over pretty fast. It's quite amazing, because it's a difficult film to do. It's inside rooms, it's two people, and you have to maintain this balance of who's right, who's wrong. Because if it's just a sleaze story, I'm not interested – the woman is right, the man is wrong, end of film. Five minutes, you know it, you know.
But this is a more complex story – an urban love fable, I would like to call it. Is love possible when people have ambition, when they want more than just love, what is the right of a woman in that context, does she have a right to be ambitious, and when she's ambitious, if she's a bit dodgy at times, isn't everybody? So those are the issues I'm looking at. And then there's the man's point of view, the feeling of a mentor, of a person who's wronged, and there's a lot of layers to it.
And I think both Arjun and Chitrangda have done really well, worked really well together in the film. It's not exactly just sexual harassment. In one sense, it's like a breakup. I think the film will surprise the hell out of you. For me, to walk that path is more interesting, that edge is more interesting. And I think through the other 12 films I've done, I don't think being anti-woman is an allegation that's going to be thrown at me. So I can take that chance. I'd like to take that risk; it's interesting for me to look at that point of view, and it's interesting for Arjun to play that kind of character with another dimension, just as it is for Chitrangda to play the woman, not to just play victim.
More and more in India, it's becoming possible to merge the textures of film, you know – earlier, there was a dichotomy between the kind of film that came to Cannes, and the kind of film that could be shown in India. But now, I think there is a new kind of Indian kid, young people who want their own stories told, who are not satisfied with watching Western films, who want our stories told, and they're demanding those films. Actually, they're a bit ahead of us, of the filmmakers and producers, and there's a lot they'll accept, you know. And so that divergence is slowly fading.
Arjun Rampal: I think that's absolutely right. I think there's a very strong audience now for films which are more serious, more like world cinema, which don't necessarily have the routine formula of song, dance and everything, and they exist very parallelly, and people are backing them. Studios are getting behind these films, and giving them big releases, they're doing big business. And it's very exciting for all of us to be in the industry at this time, because there's so much you can do. You know, I love doing the commercial thing, and I really thrive in working in cinema which is challenging.
How would you say this merging of cinema, films like this having big releases, have impacted your career?
Sudhir Mishra: I think for Arjun, you know, a very interesting thing has happened, because a lot of people would have said oh, ArjunRampal, model not actor. But you know, the kind of films that were being made when he started out as an actor were not films that suited the kind of actor he is. But suddenly there is a kind of film being made that works for him, and so suddenly everyone is sayingArjun Rampal, actor. It's just that he wasn't very comfortable in the total Bollywood masala.
Arjun Rampal: And I was also learning. I think before you learn, you have to fall, take your baby steps. I think those films that didn't work in the beginning, I learnt a lot from them. You don't make a film thinking that it's not going to work. But also, you're influenced in the early part of your career by people who are around you, managing you, who tell you to do this, this is a good set up, this is the thing, and you kind of get into a film for the wrong reasons, and those films will never work. So I had to take a step back, and evaluate what I wanted to do, and say this is the kind of stuff I'm comfortable with, these are the filmmakers I want to work with – people like Farhan and Sudhir, Abhishek Kapoor, Prakash Jha, Madhur.
Sudhir Mishra: But he always was an actor, you know.
This transition of yours, Arjun, from model to actor – as a model, you're taught to be completely unfazed in front of the camera, to walk the ramp and back even if the roof comes crashing down. Of course, as human beings, we react to events, we have a set of expressions. But when you started out as an actor, was it hard for you to bring out those emotions in front of the camera, to switch out of model mode?
Arjun Rampal: I think that's very sexist statement that you have made now. (Laughs) If the roof falls down, a model's not going to be blindly walking the ramp! I mean, a model also gets hurt if you pinch him or slap him, you know, and he'll definitely run from there if the roof is falling! (Laughs)
But, yeah, you're right, the medium is more or less very similar – you have a director, you have a camera, you have lights, and people say the same thing, 'action'. But the training is completely different, you know. As a model, you're told to give your best angles, you know what your best angles are, you know what's going to look good on you, because you're selling something glamorous, and you have to sell it in a matter of 20 seconds or 30 seconds, or just one photograph has to entice someone to buy the product you're endorsing.
I felt that when I started doing film – when I saw the rushes of Moksha for the first time, I knew that I was not moving easily and freely, and there was a little bit of stiffness, which as an actor, you don't need to have. You need to flow, and not be bothered about where the camera is and what angle you're showing. You need to be completely into your character, and go with that.
So, I stopped modelling at that time. I completely quit as soon as I saw those rushes, and said no, I have to unlearn everything that I have learnt in front of the camera to be able to do this. And I didn't know it would take 6 years for my film to get made, so I was quite broke. And after that, I didn't know it would take me 8 years to get my first hit, so I was very broke. (Laughs) But, yeah, it's been a nice journey. I wouldn't change anything. I think whatever's happened has taught me a lot, made me a much stronger person, a much stronger individual.
We spoke earlier of the dichotomy in Indian cinema. Do you think that will ever completely disappear?
Sudhir Mishra: No, as I say often, there will always be the big Indian blockbuster. In fact, I think the Indian blockbuster that will really succeed in the west is waiting to be made. And I think there is a specificity, a form that is there in Indian cinema that is not just business, but intrinsic to Indians. And there's something there which is very interesting, and all of us are a bit influenced by that. You see, the filmmaking of an Anurag Kashyap is different from that of a Quentin Tarantino. There is a moment of hold, a pause, of affection – the emotion is held a little bit, even among gangsters love finds a place, a mother cries. There is something about it that is the Indian way, and you shouldn't leave it, because that's your uniqueness.
Arjun Rampal: Yeah, our films all have it, and there's no need to be apologetic about it. Now, actors have started singing in their films, so it's become a place where you get so many choices to play so many kinds of characters. You play such larger-than-life characters in your cinema, which are great, but we are like that. And it's there even in the way we eat, you know. Here, you come and they give you one small snack, and that's why they're so fit. But back home, we like our dal also and our chapatti also, and our chawal also, and oursabzi also, and that's our culture, and that reflects in our films too. I think we like a bit of everything in it.
And I think songs can enhance a film too. No one speaks of Hazaaron Khwahishein Aisi without also speaking of Baavra Mann.
Sudhir Mishra: Yeah, true, precisely, music can really enhance a film. I've lost count of the number of young people who've come up to me and told me they really loved the film. And most of them have now seen it on DVD. I think if it were made today, it would be a much bigger commercial success. It's changing, and all sorts of films will find a place.
I'd like to ask both of you a question about the process of preparing for a film, and how much focus there is on it now. There used to be a time when people were so paranoid about their scripts being stolen that they'd walk up to the actor at the shoot and give him his line, which doesn't allow him to feel the character, or the emotion, or anything.
Arjun Rampal: No, that doesn't happen anymore. I would never work with a director who's been writing his lines on the set, or who's giving his actors their lines on the set. It can't happen like that – you can't switch on and off like that. You're either going to be hamming, or be wooden.
Sudhir Mishra: Arjun and I have sat through some 24-25 readings of the script. We spoke about what the character should say, why he should say it. Of course, at the last minute, one or two words, you feel like improvising a little bit.
Arjun Rampal: Yeah, but you have to be thorough with your script. With this film, it wasn't the script that was that exciting when it first came. (Laughs) It was Sudhir who was exciting for me, because I'm a fan of his work, and he came up to me and said I have an idea, should we be working on it? And I wasn't doing anything, I was quite free, so I said come on, let's spend some time, and jam, and see where this goes. And the more we sat and explored it, the more we saw a different dimension to where this was going. And that's what made it really fun for us – because then you're like team players who come out on to the set, and you know exactly what's going on, and that's why we could shoot the film in the span of time we could shoot it in. And I'm very happy when I watch it now, and I think it's come out even better than we hoped.
Sudhir, what film of Arjun's did you see, or what work of his did you see, that made you want him for the role? Because you tend to work with actors whom you find and pick up and project.
Sudhir Mishra: When I saw Rock On, I remember going to him that day at the screening to tell him he'd done really well. And then there was Rajneeti. So both those films, and then you see something in that actor that tells you he's the one for the role. That's what makes you either a director, or not-a-director, you know what I mean? (Laughs) He's not playing either the Rock On character or the Rajneeticharacter here. Somebody said it's like a divining rod, which starts trembling when the right person is in front – yes, it was Philip Kaufmann who said it. You can't intellectualise it more than that, it's an instinct that you feel.
Arjun Rampal: Also, what happens is when you discover these kinds of relationships, you start working together. We're already discussing the next film we'll do. You're not bored of each other, the experience had been good, whatever the fate of the film, regardless, we're saying chalo, let's do one more film, because the experience was nice. And that's what's important in filmmaking, that the experience should be enjoyable, because otherwise you can't make a film that people will enjoy.
People tell me when they see the trailer that they don't see Arjun Rampal, they see the character. And that's what you want, you know. And that's what I like about working with Sudhir, he's a director who sees me in a different way, in a different light, and will bring that forward.
The tagline of the film says 'The Unofficial Story'. What is that about?
Sudhir Mishra: Well, it's just that Kaam means work, and sex too. So, the unofficial story is what goes on behind closed doors. But that's more of a marketing thing. (Laughs)
All over the world, you have films released with taglines these days. It's very rarely that a film doesn't have one. Why has this trend come in?
Sudhir Mishra: I guess, in a sense, you want to direct the audience towards how they should see the film. You're telling them 'View my films like this'. But in some marketing things, you're even trying to fool them. But no, mostly, the director and producers want to prepare the audience because there are hundreds of films releasing, and you want to give them some motivation to choose yours.


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A Christmas Story
Max Bolliger
Illustrated by Arcadio Lobato
A lame, surly-tongued shepherd lives near Bethlehem. When a choir of angels appears bringing good news of a child, he turns away. When the other shepherds set out to find the child, he just watches them go. Why bother – they are just chasing a dream. At last, he sets out to follow them, not to find the child but to gloat at their folly. What happens when he finally reaches the stable? A miracle, of course!! A wonderful Christmas tale for ages 3 – 9.

subset: commoncrawl


text: DigitalPanel on How Writers Portrayed First LadiesBy Betsy Rothstein|February 1, 2013 ShareBy Betsy Rothstein|February 1, 2013 Share On Valentine's Day, the American Women National Writers Museum will host a panel on how writers have portrayed America's first ladies. The event will also celebrate the first anniversary of the organization that dedicates itself to sharing the voices of women writers both past and present, including authors, playwrights, poets, screenwriters and journalists.The event will take place at the National Press Club Building in the McLendon Room from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m.The event is free. No reservation required.See who will be on the panel…1. Lisa Kathleen Graddy, curator of the First Ladies exhibit at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History 2. Patricia Krider, executive director of the First Ladies Library in Canton, Ohio 3. Dr. Maurine Beasley, Eleanor Roosevelt biographer, journalism professor emerita at University of Maryland School of Journalism Sharehttp://adweek.it/2kQP1uJ copy Adweek Adweek


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To become a creator we have to let go of everything, that isn´t serving us. How do we know it´s not serving us?
1. We feel bad about it.
Anything that feels bad to you lowers your vibration. So don´t stay with things that make you feel bad. No, don´t dismiss your mate just for insisting it´s up to you doing the dishes 😉
You are always having opportunities to deal with the little unpleasant tasks : Pay someone to do the dishes or decide to do it yourself, singing and dancing and happy to save money.
Another example: Feeling bad having to fill in the tax declaration.
You might pay someone doing it for you or you might fill it in now, having a nice cuppa tea and taking yourself to the restaurant afterwards. Sometimes we just can´t escape things we don´t like, than do it in the quickest and nicest way possible.
But staying in a relationship with someone who makes us feel miserable, staying 20 more years in the unwanted job or going every sunday to lunch with the mother in law, that we hate, doesn´t serve us. That is no good to keep in your life. Change all that makes you feel bad, cause you will never be able to become a good manifestor when your frequencies are low and your lifestyle mirrors you don´t give your well-being enough importance.
2. It runs from us
When you think you wanna stay with this mate and he says he wanna leave, let him. Even when you think you love him and wanna keep him. If a guy don´t wanna be with you, he´s not your vibrational match. You don´t have to convince anything that is your vibrational match to stay with you, might it be pets, jobs, mates or friends. Believe me. things that are yours stay or return. Nothing can keep them away. It is as if we all have little magnets inside of us. What we love is what we are dragged to. We attract that. Who and what is not attracted, let it be. You don´t know what you don´t know. Loosing this house, job or mate means something is on your way that is a better vibrational match. So make sure you´re in a high vibration to get some awesome deliveries.
3. The outcome is harming us.
If we have a bad manner, eating too much chocolate, drinking too often wine, spending too much time in the internet, 1. and 2. aren´t working. Cause it stays with us and we feel good when we do it. Our husband knows when to buy flowers and makes us feel comfortable, but is just boring. Stay or leave?
We need distance to see that. If we aren´t sure if it harms us, we might ask us, where it will lead to if we keep that lifestyle? Who are we going to be in 5 years or in 10 when we keep going in that direction? If that picture scares you, than change this direction you are heading to.
You deserve to be happy!
Shine your light!


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adhesive strip on replacement battery
I am in middle of replacing battery. The replacement battery purchased from you has a 3m brown adhesive around the perimiter. how do I expose the adhesive? when i peel of brown 3m paper, the adhesive comes with it. please advise. thanks.
Bu iyi bir soru mu?


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"Over 20 and still living with your parents? Kill yourself." I mean, believe it or not, some young folks still think like that, despite the fact that the age of people leaving the nest is growing higher and higher. But I feel that it's safe to say that the people who still have that archaic "you must leave the nest when you're eighteen, otherwise you're a loser" mindset clearly has no insight into other people's situations.
I'm going to be turning twenty-four in June. What are my plans? Outside of celebrations at night, I will be with the people that raised me—the people who I still live with. Ever year since 2007, I've received a chocolate cake (or one with chocolate on or in it) and a large family dinner. This has essentially become a family tradition, all harkening back to the intro page of this website.
Everyone I had been friends with recently knows about my family life and strong old-school family values, and it's also been subject to jealousy. Surprisingly, though, it hasn't been subject to criticism as I'm always praised and given strong handshakes by acquaintances and people in public for being so young and having the responsibility of helping raise three girls. I am parrain (pah-RAN or 'godfather'), brother, dad and biological first cousin to all three of the bubble gum tomboys, aged three, nine and thirteen.
In general, I've never been led to believe that I should be ashamed of living with my family at such an age, with no signs of leaving the nest again anywhere in the near future. After all, I left home in early 2011 to move back to Atlanta on my own, essentially chasing a pipe dream. My family life turned an already green-eyed roommate even saltier, and a series of related and unrated events caused me to fly 500 miles back to the nest here in Baton Rouge exactly one month later. Do I regret it? Absolutely…not! It was from that point in which my responsibilities at home intensified. It's to the point now that I can't talk about anyone in this household of eight without getting emotional. 'Cause how I look at it, a real man handles his business, and a real man isn't afraid to cry. You get me?
Either way, some people under thirty-six, the "young folk," are always going to have an outlook on life that omits family and responsibility. It just so happens that I'm not one of them. To those who think like that, all I can do is tell them to start a family or spend one week parenting/helping parent a kid or kids. Take that three year-old and teach her to salute "toodaloo." Take that nine year-old and help her with the very homework that her mother, your late aunt, used to help you with while your mom was out working to fund you. Follow that thirteen year-old girl through her emotional, social and physical struggles—coming of age moments—all to ensure she ends up Kirkpatrick strong like everyone else. Actually take on real responsibilities and I promise you…you'll be singing a different tune.
I hope that you'll continue to follow me and my work here, as well as on Twitter, YouTube and Soundcloud. Toodaloo.
–Javan H.
Title image source: http://www.colourbox.com/image/view-of-young-people-at-night-club-image-526248


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A 15-year dispute about the Bakassi Peninsula was brought to an end, Thursday, with the transfer of authority from Nigeria to Cameroon. The hand-over process has been dogged by threats of attacks by an armed group opposed to the transfer. From Abuja, Gilbert da Costa has more in this report.
Two years ago, the Nigerian government agreed to transfer Bakassi, in line with a 2002 International Court of Justice ruling, which said the area belonged to Cameroon.
However, most residents of the peninsula - predominantly Nigerian fishermen and their families - oppose the transfer of sovereignty on the 1000-square-kilometer land. A Nigerian rebel group launched two attacks on Cameroonian soldiers in Bakassi, last month, and is threatening further violence.
Security was beefed up for Thursday's ceremony.
Opponents of the change argue the agreement to hand over the territory was never ratified by the parliament, as required by the constitution.
The Action Congress, one Nigeria's top opposition parties, says the transfer can only be deemed legitimate if it is endorsed by the national assembly. Lai Mohammed speaks for the party.
"Municipal law is stronger, in certain areas, than international law," he said. "So, even though it is true that we ought to respect the ruling of the World Court, our constitution says that any treaty that is relating to seceding or taking over or annexing any part of the country must be ratified by the national assembly. And, that is what we are asking the government to do."
President Umaru YarAdua has described the transfer of Bakassi to Cameroon as "very painful to all," but says Nigeria has a duty to fulfill its international commitments.
Peter Egom, an international relations analyst and senior researcher at the Lagos-based Nigerian Institute for International Affairs, says President YarAdua is left with no choice than to accept the ruling of the World Court.
"YarAdua is in a very tight spot. If I were in his position, I will do the same," he said. "Either we are playing by the rules of the game or not. We went to the International Court of Justice and there is a verdict against us, and we are stuck with it. So, what do you expect us to do? To renege on what we are party to? No, we can't do that."
The two West African nations nearly went to war over the peninsula, which is believed to be rich in oil and gas, in the 1990s.
Cameroon first took its case to the International Court of Justice in The Hague in 1994.


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Friday Full-Length: Demon Cleaner, The FreeflightPosted in Bootleg Theater on April 29th, 2016 by JJ Koczan
Demon Cleaner, The Freeflight (2000)
Something of a lost classic of its era now, Demon Cleaner's 2000 debut, The Freeflight isn't actually all that lost. Molten Universe, the label that put it out 16 years ago along with early releases by related Swedish acts Dozer and Greenleaf, still has copies available. So maybe not lost, but in the pantheon of the beginnings of Europe's stoner rock boom of the late '90s and early '00s, Demon Cleaner deserve consideration alongside Dozer and Lowrider, among others, and their name is often left off that list. Part of that I think is owed to timing. If the early-Fu Manchu fuzz of "Head Honcho" or "Megawheel" dropped today, it would come accompanied by a video of somebody skateboarding in slow motion and would be hailed for its post-grunge authenticity of tone and live feel. Because it was 2000 — a time when discovering music on the internet was something done largely through surfing somebody's Napster offerings or the odd message board — the process was different and not nearly so widespread, and unlike Lowrider, who had US distribution through MeteorCity, or Dozer, who kept putting out records, Demon Cleaner called it quits after 2002's self-titled follow-up (also on Molten Universe), with members moving onto Stonewall Noise Orchestra and drummer Karl Daniel Lidén joining Dozer and Greenleaf before embarking on solo material and a successful career as an engineer — he did the latest Katatonia, for example — so there hasn't been the same kind of sustained legacy for Demon Cleaner as some of their peers.
That, of course, does nothing to diminish the "Spit blood and gasoline/Chrome and steel/Megawheel" appeal of that track or the nodding roll of "Up in Smoke," or the push of a song like "Mothertrucker," in which one can hear the roots of a brand of fuzz rock that countrymen acts like Truckfighters would continue to progress years later. Tone is a huge part of the appeal, as closer "Heading Home" successfully emphasizes, but there's a rawness in the vocals, a dryness, where so much of what came afterwards was and has been drenched in reverb. It gives the delivery of guitarist Daniel Söderholm — joined at this point by Lidén, guitarist Kimmo Holappa and bassist/vocalist Martin Stangefelt — a punkish feel that's ultimately much truer to the bulk of what came out of the Californian desert scene, whether it was Kyuss or heavy rock compatriots like the aforementioned Fu Manchu. Listening back to The Freeflight now, one can hear the aesthetic of pre-retro European heavy rock taking shape, and while Demon Cleaner may always be noted for having issued a trio of early splits alongside Dozer before their records dropped, linking those two acts and that scene, their albums deliver something from which even Dozer was operating on a different wavelength, and while of their time, I think these tracks still hold up all these years later.
If you're worried about investing the time in checking it out, The Freeflight has a long break after "Heading Home" before a hidden cut, so it's not actually 55 minutes long. I guess it was the Lowrider news earlier today got me thinking about these guys, but either way, I hope you enjoy.
If you're at Desertfest this weekend in either Berlin or London, I hope you have an absolute blast. I'll admit to being more than a little jealous. Maybe next year I'll get to Berlin finally or make a triumphant return to Camden Town. I'll go anywhere that'll have me, basically.
Rough week at work but who cares? Dragged down by bullshit. Hate letting it get to me. Hate that it does at all. The list goes on. Screw it. Got a couple days not to think about it, so I'm gonna hold tight to that.
Next week: Monday, track stream from Bright Curse and an in-studio report about the new Scissorfight being tracked at the new Mad Oak. Tuesday (right now), Crypt Sermon interview. Wednesday, track stream from Wo Fat. Thursday and Friday I don't know yet, but probably something will come along, and there are also videos for Kadavar, Limestone Whale, Spiritual Beggars and Drive by Wire that have all dropped in like the last day, so a bit of a backlog there, but I'll do my best to get on top of that as well. We're getting into May already. Amazing how quick this year is going.
Before I go — much as I'm ever "gone," what with writing on the weekends and all — I want to say thanks for the tremendous amount of support I've gotten for the book release, for the All-Dayer in August, and for this year's Roadburn coverage. It's all hugely appreciated. Because I work full-time in addition to doing this, I don't always have the chance to be as communicative as I should, because quite literally the choice I make every day is to write or to do everything else and if it's one or the other I'm writing every time, but please know that if you've reached out to me over the last few weeks, thank you. And if you haven't and you're reading this, thank you anyway.
Please have a great and safe weekend, and please check out the forum and the radio stream.


text:
Here is a small sampling of current work, and a few old projects I still find interesting and worth sharing. If you'd like to see examples of a specific type of work, let me know.
Interested in hiring me, send me a note,
or view a detailed description of what I do.


text: Paul (Harv) Harvey has that infuriating but awe-inspiring knack of being able to draw instantly - recognisable caricatures. He makes it look so effortless, as all great artists do, as in just a few pen strokes he captures the essence of the person he is drawing. Robert Allen Football writer and historian


text:
Khuddaka Nikæya
(13) Apadæna Pæ¹i
It is a biographical work containing the life stories (past and present) of the Buddha and his Arahat disciples. It is divided into two divisions: the Theræpadæna giving the life stories of the Buddha, of forty-one Paccekabuddhas and of five hundred and fifty-nine Arahats from the Venerable Særiputta to the Venerable Ra¥¥hapæla; and Therøpadæna with the life stories of forty therø Arahats from Sumedhæ Therø to Pesalæ Therø.
Apadæna here means a biography or a life story of a particularly accomplished person, who has made a firm resolution to strive for the goal he desires, and who has ultimately achieved his goal, namely, Buddhahood for an Enlightened One, Arahatship for his disciples. Whereas the Thera Gæthæ and the Therø Gæthæ depict generally the triumphant moment of achievements of the theras and therøs, the Apadæna describes the up-hill work they have to undertake to reach the summit of their ambition. The Gæthæs and the Apadænas supplement one another to unfold the inspiring tales of hard struggles and final conquests.


text:
The fear of going to the dentist is something that should be taken seriously, considering that countless people from all over the world suffer from this kind of fear or anxiety. It is not uncommon to hear of people who always find ways to delay their dental appointment – because they want to delay what they perceived to be a fearful and uncomfortable experience, in the best way they can. As a result of this delay in getting proper dental health attention, some dental problems will have the time to progress further into more complicated conditions.
Proper dental health care is essential not only in maintaining a good dental health status, but also in ensuring that your overall well being and health is maintained. If you do not get the dental treatments you need in time, you may risk getting more serious dental and health problems. Prevention is always better than treatment, and this cannot be truer when it comes to your dental health. Your fear of the dentist should not be ignored or dismissed as mere imagination – but there are ways of overcoming this fear in an effective way, so that you can get the dental health attention you deserve.
Do you find yourself looking for ways to delay your dental appointment, even if you have a dental problem that needs to be addressed soon? Are you nervous about going to the dentist for even a dental checkup, let alone a dental treatment? IV sedation can provide solutions to your fear of the dentist – so you can go to your dental appointment without starting a panic attack..


text:
TMC has been a leading enterprise in the field of transformer design and manufacture since 1937.
A wholly owned Australian company with its head office in Victoria, TMC excels at providing high quality induction equipment to the electrical power industry, with an emphasis on meeting exacting specifications and standards, while minimising cost.
TMC is fully accredited to the international quality standard ISO9001, and continues to build on a tradition of product excellence and customer focus.
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The TMC Research and Development department developed TMC's own cast resin transformer technology which has gained wide acceptance in the mining and building construction industries.
TMC's cast resin transformers are exported to the Middle East and Asian markets and TMC casting technology is licensed to companies in Asia.
The TMC Research and Development department routinely studies cast resin electro-mechanical phenomena providing TMC with the best possible understanding of all aspects of cast resin transformer technology
TMC now offers a comprehensive range of technology products and services.


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
- Open Peer Review
Evaluating audio computer assisted self-interviews in urban south African communities: evidence for good suitability and reduced social desirability bias of a cross-sectional survey on sexual behaviour
© Beauclair et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013
- Received: 15 October 2012
- Accepted: 25 January 2013
- Published: 31 January 2013
Efficient HIV prevention requires accurate identification of individuals with risky sexual behaviour. However, self-reported data from sexual behaviour surveys are prone to social desirability bias (SDB). Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI) has been suggested as an alternative to face-to-face interviewing (FTFI), because it may promote interview privacy and reduce SDB. However, little is known about the suitability and accuracy of ACASI in urban communities with high HIV prevalence in South Africa. To test this, we conducted a sexual behaviour survey in Cape Town, South Africa, using ACASI methods.
Participants (n = 878) answered questions about their sexual relationships on a touch screen computer in a private mobile office. We included questions at the end of the ACASI survey that were used to assess participants' perceived ease of use, privacy, and truthfulness. Univariate logistic regression models, supported by multivariate models, were applied to identify groups of people who had adverse interviewing experiences. Further, we constructed male–female ratios of self-reported sexual behaviours as indicators of SDB. We used these indicators to compare SDB in our survey and in recent FTFI-based Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) from Lesotho, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe.
Most participants found our methods easy to use (85.9%), perceived privacy (96.3%) and preferred ACASI to other modes of inquiry (82.5%) when reporting on sexual behaviours. Unemployed participants and those in the 40–70 year old age group were the least likely to find our methods easy to use (OR 0.69; 95% CI: 0.47–1.01 and OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.58, respectively). In our survey, the male–female ratio for reporting >2 sexual partners in the past year, a concurrent relationship in the past year, and > 2 sexual partners in a lifetime was 3.4, 2.6, and 1.2, respectively— far lower than the ratios observed in the Demographic and Health Surveys.
Our analysis suggests that most participants in our survey found the ACASI modality to be acceptable, private, and user-friendly. Moreover, our results indicate lower SDB than in FTFI techniques. Targeting older and unemployed participants for ACASI training prior to taking the survey may help to improve their perception of ease and privacy.
- Sexual behaviour
- Social desirability bias
- Self-reported data
- Gender
- South Africa
Sexual behavioural research largely depends on self-reported data in the absence of more objective biomarkers. Ensuring the validity of these data is a common challenge faced by traditional survey methods. Specifically, self-reports of sensitive issues such as engagement in multiple, concurrent sexual relationships may be subject to social desirability bias (SDB)— or the inclination to report behaviours that are viewed in a favourable way by society. For sexual behaviours the bias is often gendered because of sexual double standards in society, which frequently lead men to over-report and women to under-report certain behaviours [1–4].
For several countries in Africa, young unmarried women tend to report a later age for their first sexual experience compared to young unmarried men [5]. In regard to sexual concurrency —overlapping sexual relationships where a new sexual relationship starts before an existing relationship ends— several studies from Africa indicate that men are far more likely to report having multiple sexual partners at once, or extra-marital partners, compared to women [6–9]. Women have also been found to report fewer non-spousal partners in the past year compared to men [10]. Gendered discrepancies also exist in reporting of condom use in Africa. Men consistently are more likely to report having ever used condoms [6] and always using condoms with all of their partners [9, 11] than women. A study conducted specifically to test SDB among married couples, found that a higher percentage of husbands reported that they used condoms with their spouse, than their wives did [12].
When participants consciously modify their answers to project a socially 'appropriate' response, this is called impression management [13], and the effects of it can theoretically be ameliorated by changing the design of the study. To combat the problem of SDB, several studies have investigated how mode of inquiry might reduce this phenomenon. Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI) techniques have emerged as a way to curtail SDB because they allow participants to answer questions in privacy by using a computer to read the question, while simultaneously listening to an audio recording of the questions being asked. Several studies have attempted to evaluate the accuracy of ACASI-generated survey results and have produced disparate results. For example, studies done in India have shown that women reported forcibly being touched [14] and domestic violence less often in ACASI compared to traditional Face-to-face-interviewing (FTFI) methods [15]. In the U.S. a study was conducted to see if reported condom use in an ACASI could be substantiated by a Y-chromosome polymerase chain reaction (Yc-PCR) test to detect sperm in vaginal fluid. It demonstrated that even with ACASI methods, there were still inconsistencies between the Yc-PCR and reported results [16]. However, in the African context ACASI methods seemed to precipitate the reporting of more sexual behaviours [17]. Increases in the reporting of number of sexual partners [18], two or more sex partners at once [19], and for women, having had sex with a relative, stranger, or older man [20] in ACASI compared to FTFI seem to indicate that participants in Africa may be more comfortable answering questions about sexual behaviour when they have access to greater privacy.
These discrepant findings about ACASI compared to FTFI are indicative of the need for more context-specific research on ACASI methods. Particularly, since little is known about the validity of ACASI and its suitability for the context of urban, disadvantaged communities in South Africa, where the burden of HIV/AIDS is among the highest in the world. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in three urban communities of Cape Town, South Africa that are known to have a high prevalence of HIV. As a part of the survey, we asked participants questions about their interview experience. In this paper, we report the results of these questions and we compare key summary statistics known to be highly sensitive to SDB from our survey with those from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), conducted in Lesotho, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe [21–23].
The Cape Town sexual behaviour ACASI survey
We administered a cross-sectional sexual behaviour survey (n = 878) in three urban, economically disadvantaged communities around Cape Town from June 2011 to February 2012. The survey took a sub-sample of participants from the Zambia South Africa TB and AIDS Reduction Study (ZAMSTAR), a community randomised trial that aimed to reduce the prevalence of TB and HIV using novel public health interventions. The primary objective of the survey analyzed here was to look at associations between HIV status, sexual connectedness and age-disparate relationships. To this end, we explored participants' one-year sexual histories focusing on dates of sexual activity episodes, coital frequency, condom use, age differences between partners, as well as drug and alcohol use at the time of first sexual intercourse. The complete study design and protocol are explained in further detail elsewhere [24].
The questionnaire was conducted in a safe, mobile office space using ACASI on touch screen computers. The ACASI software was developed by an independent software engineering company. Participants listened to audio recordings of questions and response options through headphones. They were allowed to take the survey in their choice of language: English, Afrikaans, or isiXhosa. Furthermore, the questionnaire was set up along a temporal trajectory with the onset, dissolution, and duration of each relationship episode displayed on a touch screen timeline for the participant to see, using different colours for each partner. Participants had the option of listening to the questions over again, or skipping the question if they did not want to answer it. At the end of the survey we added four questions to assess the participant's experience with the ACASI mode of inquiry. It has been established that any survey method needs to be user-friendly and offer privacy, if participants are to answer truthfully and give full attention to the questions for the entire duration of the questionnaire [13]. Therefore, we surmised that these four questions would give the best indication of whether or not participants had a positive experience with a survey modality that was new to their community.
Of 1857 people randomly sampled from the ZAMSTAR sampling frame, we were able to locate the addresses of 1115 (60.0% contact rate). For 197 people, the reason for non-contact after three attempts was unknown, while for respectively 511 and 34, relocation to an unknown new address and death was documented. An additional 87 candidate participants were excluded, primarily due to visual or physical impairments that rendered participation in the study impossible. Of the remaining 1028 who were eligible, 878 (85.4% response rate) took the survey [25].
For this analysis, we excluded participants that had missing ages (n = 7), were younger than 15 years old (n = 1), and were older than 70 years old (n = 26). We also excluded participants that did not identify as a man or woman (n = 30). Additionally, we excluded participants (n = 16) that did not identify as a black or coloured person, as these racial groups are not typical of populations that have a high prevalence of HIV in South African urban communities. The term coloured refers to racially mixed descendants of Europeans, indigenous populations and slaves from South and East Asia.
Statistical analysis
Our analysis is divided into three parts. First we computed descriptive statistics for the four questions that assessed the participants' interview experience. We asked about the participant's ease of use (very easy/somewhat easy/somewhat difficult/very difficult/I don't know), perceived confidentiality (very private/somewhat private/no privacy/I don't know) and self-reported truthfulness of their answers to the survey questions (all questions answered truthfully/most truthfully/some truthfully, some dishonestly/most dishonestly/all dishonestly/I don't know). Finally, we asked them to indicate their preferred medium of answering questions about sexual behaviour (touch screen computer with ACASI/researcher-administered verbal questionnaire/self-administered written questionnaire/telephonic survey/I don't know).
Second, we conducted logistic regression analyses to identify groups of people that were less likely to have a positive experience with the interview. Five different univariate models were constructed for each of the following outcome variables: ease of use (easy/difficult), perceived confidentiality (private/no privacy), truthfulness (all truthfully/some dishonesty), and mode of inquiry (ACASI/other type). The univariate models examined the following variables as predictors of each of the outcomes: race (black/coloured), age (15–24/25–39/40–70), gender (male/female), education level (primary/secondary/tertiary), and employment status (employed/unemployed). Next, we constructed multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for all of the predictors. However, here we present the results of the univariate analysis because we were primarily concerned with finding predictors of adverse experiences using marginal associations. Additionally, we thought that unadjusted ORs would be easier for others to interpret for their own settings if they are looking for 'at-risk' individuals to target for training in their own ACASI survey.
Finally, we attempted to assess the extent to which our ACASI survey was successful in reducing SDB. While its impossible to ascertain how accurate our results were, since the truth is unknown, we can attempt relative assessments of accuracy by comparing responses, by gender, among results from surveys that use different modes of inquiry. To this end, we constructed male–female prevalence ratios of self-reported sexual behaviours, as indicators of SDB, and we used these indicators to compare SDB in our survey and in recent FTFI-based, nationally representative DHSs from Lesotho, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe [21–23]. These three countries were chosen as comparison cases based on the assumptions that their cultural and behavioural context was most similar to South Africa. Specifically, we compared the male–female ratios for the variables: > 2 partners in the past year, > 2 total lifetime number of sexual partners, and had a concurrent relationship in the past year. Corresponding with the DHS data analysis, described in detail elsewhere [26], we defined concurrency as having two or more partners that overlapped in time in the year preceding the survey. The ratios were constructed by dividing the prevalence of the behavior reported for men, by the prevalence of the behavior reported for women. For this section of the analysis we limited our study population to the same categories of participants included in the DHS working paper on concurrent sexual partnerships in order to make our results more directly comparable with theirs. Thus, we made additional exclusions of participants who were coloured (n = 196) and older than 49 years old (n = 99).
For each of these variables, we assumed that men tend to over-report sexual behaviours, and women tend to under-reported them. If the prevalence's of behaviours for men and women were in truth not as divergent as reported by FTFI-based surveys, we would expect these surveys to overestimate the true male–female ratios. Therefore, if our survey, that used ACASI methods, produces smaller male–female ratios for these behaviours, compared to the DHS surveys, we could expect our estimate to be closer to the truth, since male over-reporting and female under-reporting is minimized. We will calculate 95% confidence intervals for all ratios using Fisher's exact methods of estimation. All data analyses were performed using R [27].
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the Stellenbosch University Health Research Ethics Committee (N11/03/093). Written, informed consent was obtained for each respondent prior to administration of the questionnaire.
Participant experience with ACASI mode of inquiry in cross-sectional sexual behaviour survey
Very easy
Somewhat easy
Somewhat difficult
Very difficult
I don't know
Very private
Somewhat private
No privacy
I don't know
Answered all truthfully
Answered most truthfully
Answered some truthfully, some dishonestly
Answered most dishonestly
Answered all dishonestly
I don't know
Preferred mode of inquiry
Touch screen computer with ACASI
Researcher-administered verbal questionnaire
Self-administered written questionnaire
Telephonic survey
I don't know
Unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) for predictors of adverse interview experiences
Ease OR (95% CI)
Confidentiality OR (95% CI)
Truthfulness OR (95% CI)
Mode of inquiry OR (95% CI)
15–24 years
25–39 years
0.71 (0.45–1.14)
2.1 (1.16–3.81)
1.42 (0.85–2.37)
0.58 (0.32–1.07)
40–70 years
0.37 (0.23–0.58)
1.48 (0.84–2.60)
1.81 (1.06–3.09)
0.44 (0.24–0.79)
1.68 (1.23–2.29)
1.40 (0.88–2.21)
1.02 (0.67–1.56)
1.03 (0.70–1.52)
1.03 (0.73–1.45)
0.46 (0.29–0.74)
0.88 (0.56–1.39)
1.34 (0.86–2.11)
None or primary
2.00 (1.48–2.71)
1.39 (0.88–2.18)
1.53 (1.02–2.30)
2.40 (1.64–3.50)
7.06 (1.62–30.82)
0.89 (0.25–3.14)
0.89 (0.29–2.75)
2.00 (0.57–6.97)
Employment Status
0.69 (0.47–1.01)
0.87 (0.50–1.52)
0.92 (0.56–1.51)
0.88 (0.55–1.39)
Percent of respondents reporting risk behaviours by gender in three DHS surveys using face-to-face interviews and the ACASI administered Cape Town Sexual Behaviour Survey
Interview mode
Sexual behavior characteristics
> 2 Partners in past year
> 2 Lifetime partners
Had a concurrent partnership
Male (%)
Female (%)
Male (%)
Female (%)
Male (%)
Female (%)
Cape Town Sexual Behavior Survey
Lesotho DHS
Swaziland DHS
Zimbabwe DHS
We assessed the user-friendliness, privacy and truthfulness of an ACASI-based sexual behaviour survey that was administered in disadvantaged, urban communities in Cape Town, South Africa. We found that an overwhelming majority of our participants preferred ACASI on touch screen computers to other modes of inquiry and that they answered all questions truthfully, probably owing in large part to participants' perceived ease of use and privacy.
Despite the predominately positive experience, our analysis indicates that more effort may be required to improve the user experience for certain subgroups of the South African population. For instance, respondents over the age of 40 were less likely to think ACASI was easy to use, which might explain why they were also less likely to prefer ACASI as a mode of inquiry. Indeed, others have found that older generations are often intimidated by computers [28]. These results are not surprising given that computer literacy skills are only beginning to be taught in disadvantaged communities in South Africa. Moreover, unemployed participants found ACASI methods difficult to use probably due to the lack of computer exposure from a work environment. Since these groups of people found the survey challenging, it may have affected their recall of information due to the additional cognitive strain of navigating ACASI [13].
We also found that coloured participants were less likely to find our methods private. We suspect the reason for this is that a plurality of the coloured participants in our survey belonged to the oldest age group. McCallum and Peterson postulate that younger generations may find it more socially acceptable to share sensitive information due to changing views of privacy in the new technology age [13]. In fact, among Cape Town youth, there is a high use of mobile internet for instant messaging, digital media, and social networking [29], making their standards for privacy different from older generations. It should also be noted that in the multivariate analysis, adjusting for all of the potential predictors, the predictors did not change, only the size of the effects.
Our results also indicate that in this context, ACASI may produce more accurate results by partially removing some of the gendered SDB. In our survey the gender gap between reported sexual behaviours for men and women was narrowed, compared to the DHS that used FTFI techniques. Additionally, all of the sexual behaviours were reported more frequently in our survey than in the DHSs. This is particularly noticeable when looking at female reports of > 2 partners in the past year and had a concurrent relationship: less than 1% of women reported these behaviors in all DHS studies. This could be due to many different confounders or cultural differences between the two populations. However, we believe such a large difference in reported behaviours is most likely due to increased perception of privacy, which made our participants feel more at ease when answering intimate questions [30].
Our study had some limitations, which may affect the interpretation of our results. Firstly, we recognise that the questions we asked with respect to user experience, may also be subject to forms of bias. However, we believe that the bias would be minimal because typical forms of survey bias (e.g. inaccurate recall, social desirability, etc.) were probably not factors in answering these specific questions. Secondly, the positive results from the first two parts of our analysis may have been confounded by additional mechanisms we built into the survey to reduce bias, other than the interview mode. For one, we made use of a visual timeline to help respondents recall beginning and end dates of distinct episodes within each of their relationships. These visual cues have been demonstrated to encourage internal consistency in reporting relationship histories [31, 32]. Additionally, our survey was relatively short, asking only a few questions for each reported relationship episode and partner, thus minimizing fatigue bias compared to other long surveys, such as DHSs. While these are an overall strength of the survey, they may have contributed to the positive user experience, as much or more than the ACASI itself.
The greatest strength of this study is that it is one of few sexual behaviour surveys that measured the user experience of the instrument [33]. This allowed us not only to find a proxy for how accurate our results were, but it enabled us to quantitatively assess how appropriate our methods were for the communities where the survey was administered. By asking questions about user experience we were able to determine that old age groups and unemployed people in similar contexts may be at risk for having an adverse experience with ACASI and consequently inaccurately reporting their results. Going forward, this knowledge will allow researchers to target these at-risk groups and provide more assistance and training for them before conducting a survey with similar methods.
The results of our study indicate that ACASI methods are not only suitable for disadvantaged, urban African contexts, but they may considerably reduce SDB in sexual behaviour surveys. By targeting groups at-risk for finding ACASI methods challenging, and providing them with additional support and training prior to taking the survey, the accuracy of data may be improved. However, future work needs to be done on how to best train these people to make them feel comfortable with computerized survey methods. Correspondingly, more work needs to be done on how computer literacy and numeracy training affect the validity of ACASI responses.
The authors wish to thank the survey respondents for their participation in this study. We are also indebted to the research assistants for countless hours of dedicated fieldwork and to the Desmond Tutu TB Centre at Stellenbosch University for their guidance in coordination and planning of this cross-sectional sexual behaviour survey. The Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR) and the Flemish Scientific Research Fund (FWO) provided financial support for the survey. WD, RB and AW received funding from the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). FM was funded by FWO and NH acknowledges support from the University of Antwerp scientific chair in Evidence-Based Vaccinology, financed in 2009–2012 by an unrestricted donation from Pfizer.
Authors' Affiliations
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- Delva W, Beauclair R, Welte A, Vansteelandt S, Hens N, Aerts M, du Toit E, Beyers N, Temmerman M: Age-disparity, sexual connectedness and HIV infection in disadvantaged communities around Cape Town, South Africa: a study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2011, 11: 616-10.1186/1471-2458-11-616.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
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- Mishra V, Assche B-V: Concurrent Sexual Partnerships and HIV Infection: Evidence from National Population-Based Surveys. 2009, Calverton, Maryland: Macro International Inc, DHS Working Papers No 62Google Scholar
- R Development Core Team: R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2005, Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical ComputingGoogle Scholar
- Feigelson ME, Dwight SA: Can asking questions by computer improve the candidness of responding? A meta-analytic perspective. Consulting Psychol J: Pract Res. 2000, 52 (4): 248-255.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Kreutzer T: Generation Mobile: Online and Digital Media Usage on Mobile Phones among Low-Income Urban Youth in South Africa. 2009, Cape Town: University of Cape TownGoogle Scholar
- Lanhaug LF, Sherr L, Cowan FM: How to improve the validity of sexual behavior reporting: systematic review of questionnaire delivery modes in developing countries. Trop Med Int Health. 2010, 15 (3): 362-381. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02464.x.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Kabiru CW, Luke N, Izugbara CO, Zulu E: The Correlates of HIV Testing and Impacts on Sexual Behaviour: evidence from a life history study of young people in Kisumu, Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2010, 10: 412-10.1186/1471-2458-10-412.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- Luke N, Clark S, Zulu E: The Relationship History Calendar: Improving Sexual Behaviour Data among Youth in Developing Country Settings. 2008, New Orleans, USA: Population Association of America (PAA) ConferenceGoogle Scholar
- Estes L, Lloyd L, Teti M, Raja S, Bowleg L: Perceptions of Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI) among Women in an HIV-Positive Prevention Program. PLoS One. 2010, 5 (2): e9149-10.1371/journal.pone.0009149.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/13/11/prepub
Pre-publication history
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Dr.Mark McKenna is a passionate and dedicated medical Practioner in Medicine and surgery. He studied at Tulane Medical School and was licensed to practice by Florida and Georgia State Board Of Medical Examiners. After completing college, Dr. Mark McKenna joined his father clinic to practice medicine. Mark had interest in business and While working he establish McKenna Boutique, Investment Firm and real estate company. His venture expanded to offering design, financing, and real estate development closing services.
In 2005, Dr. Mark McKenna actively participated in rebuilding Orleans City after destruction by Hurricane Katrina by coming up with affordable housing blocks. Dr.Mark McKenna launched consumer-facing clinic called OVME. The hospital was offering technology-driven medical aesthetic which is reinventing and facing out elective healthcare. Mark was inspired to start the clinic by his extensive ten-year experience in medical field and untapped opportunities which would turn around service delivery in the industry.
Dr. Mark McKenna owes his fortune to discipline and seeking knowledge to expand his medical business skills. Also, he selectively spends his time with smart and innovative people who keep on challenging him to be better. Mark Loves visualizing and setting long and short-term goals. He is keen on time, and he wakes up very early in the morning to exercise and plan his day ahead.
Mark is married to Gianna McKenna, and they have one beautiful daughter. Mark serves on several company boards which include Orleans Industrial Development Board, Orleans Jazz Festival among others in the medical and entrepreneurial field. Mark is known for his quote 'Speed without directions useless" he urges young entrepreneurs to be focused and be consistency in pursuit of their goals. Also, Mark encourages youths to take their time to study as they discover the career path they would like to pursue. Otherwise, they will end up being frustrated, or be jack of all trade.
To Learn More Click This Link Here


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Product Description
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Additional Information
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The Jat community's protest in North Indian state of Haryana has turned into a violent conflict. 19 people have already lost their lives and another 200 have been injured. The local Jat community is demanding that the government increase quotas reserved for their employment. Jats are India's second highest caste group more or less. The reserved quotas in public universities and offices are mainly for low caste communities. Jats are embodied by the idiom "reach neither the heaven or the earth".
In attempting to bring back order, the police clashed with Jat protestors resulting in casualties. Meanwhile the existing situation kept getting worse, as they destroyed the water supply facilities and gates to canal supply lines to New Delhi. As a result, for a brief period of time, the New Delhi govenment was forced to implement water regulation. Later the government ordered the military to take control of the canal.
Caste conflicts in India are usually not as extreme as what happened here. The caste system which has existed for several millennia has left a deep imprint on Indian culture — despite the Indian Constitution having long abolished the caste system. Different castes are not the foundation of the real class stratification in India. In India at times people from lower castes have occupied many posts including the Presidency or other public official posts. The mechanism of Indian society does not exclude low caste people from advancing economically or politically.
However, the reality is of disparity due to different socio-economic starting points for various castes and the ensuing competition. In India, the significance of belonging to a different caste is greater than for people born in any other country. It is very difficult to quantify the relationship between caste and the disparity between rich and poor. But for an external observer, it is easily to hold the belief that the caste problem is one of the principal sources for the large disparity between the rich and poor in India.
Many people believe that due to the traditions of the caste system people in India have an inbuilt capability to "tolerate" unfairness and inequality. There is a sense of numbness. At the same time a growing number of people believe that disparity between rich and poor will ultimately become an incurable tumor in Indian society. India has developed comparatively fast and the mechanisms to reduce unfairness in the evolving society are considerably weak. Moreover, as in any society, the desire to pursue equity s surely awakens under specific conditions.
In comparison to the Indian economy, the Chinese economy has been growing fast for a while. We (China) now face strong pressures to solve the question of creating a fair society. The disparity between rich and poor is well known in India and it's a far more serious issue in India than in China. Religion cannot by relied on to find a solution to this problem, it requires intervention for people to put in place solutions.
Compared to China, the allocation of public resources between different communities in India is more difficult. For example, not protecting low caste communities is a violation of social justice and equity. However, if the low caste communities are taken care, the high caste communities will without any doubt launch resistance in defence of their own interests. The Indian style democracy, allows each community to pursue maximization of its own benefits . People's recognition of justice is shaped by perspectives that are poles apart.
This outbreak of caste based conflict in search of social justice in India is characteristically unique to this country. It is not so hard to predict that this conflict will be repeated in different and probably more destructive forms in future.
However, this does not mean that India's modernization will halt due to disparity between rich and poor. It is amazing to observe that during these frequent riots and blood shed this society remains "fearless" and "not afraid of chaos". This momentum leaves many Chinese observers amazed. Imagine if such a "collective rebellion" took place in any Chinese province during which the "rioters" break water lines to the capital, damage trains—how earth shattering that would that be. In India, this is a "important matter". But if such an event occurs so frequently the society just becomes accustomed to such "important matters".
India offers a glimpse of what weak governance looks like and the negative side of frequent national conflicts. But at the same time, on careful observation it also offers us a glimpse of the mystery of tolerance in a non-homogeneous society. India is "pretty chaotic" but amidst chaos, it comes out very stable and more determined. India comes across as a country which cannot be simply ridiculed or applauded. India is unique it is a "this is how I am" country.
India and China are adjacent to each other. Both have similar foundations and the most valuable thing between both is the reference model of development. China's development in the last few decades has left India behind and China far exceeds India in solving practical problems. That being said the levels of tolerance in India society can enlighten us. Building China's tolerance capacity is essential to advance China's capacity to solve problems. In this way, China's power will become more comprehensive and strong.


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south africa, mining, mine, shaft, tunnel, underground, gold, miners, disease, tuberculosis, tb, aids, hiv, train, tracksAdd to Lightbox Download
Underground at the Great Noligwa Mine, run by Anglo Gold. This mine has a dust reduction system in place in hopes of lowering the rate of silicosis. Doctors have thus far found that while silica dust is reducing, silicosis remains constant, possibly owing to the latency of the disease. South African Gold miners are particularly vulnerable to contracting TB because of the small, poorly ventilated work and living conditions, high rates of HIV and high rates of silicosis, a lung disease often found in miners that increases the chance of having active TB.
- Filename
- Rochkind_MiningTB06.JPG
- Copyright
- David Rochkind
- Image Size
- 4096x2731 / 2.2MB
- Contained in galleries
- TB in Gold Miners / South Africa


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Hitmen claim first place in the WHL with a 7-2 rout of EdmontonNHL.com @NHLdotcom
EDMONTON - With no other teams in action on Sunday, Calgary's 7-2 victory over the Edmonton Oil Kings vaulted the Hitmen into first place in the Western Hockey League.
Early in the second, Brandon Kozun scored the game-winner for Calgary on a wrap-around. It was his team-leading 10th goal of the season.
Brett Sonne opened the scoring for the Hitmen (10-3-0-0), burying a rebound off Oil Kings goalie Cam Lanigan's right pad on a delayed penalty call.
Michael Stone scored twice, while Paul Postma, Kyle Bortis and Brendan Rowinsky also scored for Calgary.
Tomas Vincour and Logan Proulx replied for Edmonton (5-8-1-0).
Martin Jones stopped 27 shots for the Hitmen, while Lanigan made 32 saves for the Oil Kings.


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Last Day to Apply for Cash-based Michigan Rider Support Program
One company in particular has expressed their excitement about the new program, and why they are especially happy to join in an effort to help motocross riders and their families.
"Motocross has been a part of our family for many years now", says MCR Suspension's owner Matt Crown. "With the kinds of difficulties that motocross families have experienced over the last several years, this program is a great incentive for keeping kids in the sport, and helping them with the resources they need to ride."
Other companies like Tech-Care Suspension, Baja Acres Motocross Park, Legue Graphics, Cobra Motorcycles and several Michigan-area powersport dealerships have also stepped up to support Michigan Motocross.
Otsego Club Motocross brainchild Jason Biber had this to say about the recent supporters:
"I can't say enough about these great companies and their willingness to help riders and their families. They are all exceptional people, and we're lucky to have them on board."
Biber continued by saying that he's excited with the number of rider submissions and feedback received so far, and is looking forward to announcing the selected riders next month.
If you're interested in applying for a spot on the Otsego Club Motocross Rider Support Program, please visit www.OtsegoClubMX.com and submit your resume by tomorrow.
*In order to qualify as a "Michigan racer", applicants must show that they have competed in 5 or more race weekends at a Michigan motocross track as part of their 2010 outdoor motocross season. All applications and resume materials must be submitted by March 31st, 2011. Shortly thereafter, a lineup of riders will be announced to represent Otsego Club Motocross as an initiative to support and grow Michigan Motocross.
Thank you and good luck!


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3rd or 4th Year Apprentice
Job No:
Etobicoke, ON
Humberview Volkswagen is looking for a 3rd or 4th year apprentice technician to join our team in Etobicoke. The Apprentice Technician is responsible for routine maintenance jobs and repairs under the supervision of a technician. He/she will work toward becoming a technical specialist who will learn to perform diagnostic and repair work in the context of technically demanding and complex tasks. The candidate must be able to analyze, troubleshoot, dismantle, align, assemble and adjust mechanical equipment and machinery to maintain it in efficient operating condition.
Humberview Volkswagen is a proud member of The Humberview Group - the largest car dealership network in Ontario! With 17 brands and 30 dealerships, we believe, "our vehicles are great, but our people are exceptional".
The Humberview Group proudly announces that we are the 2015, 2016 and 2017 recipient of The Canadian AutoWorld Dealership Employer of Choice (CADEOC) Award! In partnership with CCEOC Inc. and AutoWorld Magazine, the CADEOC Award recognizes us as a leading employer of choice in Canada. A sincere thank you to our dedicated Team Members, who work together to achieve our goal of Serving our customers better, each and every day.
Job Duties:
- Perform vehicle maintenance and repairs as assigned.
- Diagnose the source of any malfunctions and perform repair.
- Qualify all vehicles for warranty coverage prior to performing warranty repairs.
- Examine vehicles to determine if additional safety or service work is required.
- Perform road tests using safe driving standards.
What We Look For:
- Year 3-4 Apprentice required.
- Strong aptitude of technical/mechanical repairs.
- Good time management skills.
- Excellent organizational skills and attention to detail.
- Valid Driver's License with a clean driving record.
- Dealership experience would be considered an asset.
- Able to work well with a team.
- A desire to achieve the very best in customer service and teamwork.
What We Offer:
- A solid foundation of customers from over 55 years of business.
- A very competitive compensation plan and benefits.
- An incredible opportunity for advancement within the organization. With over 30 automotive businesses, the opportunities are readily available.
- A leadership team that trains and mentors its staff to ensure success for new team members.
- No Sunday or holiday work, more time for your family.
- A fun place to work!
We thank all candidates, but only those selected for an interview will be contacted.


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Let's Get Started!
Tri Right Coaching accepts payment by cash, check or credit card. If you'd like to get started via credit card, signing up for a training package or session is easy! Simply choose from the selections below. Please note that all credit card and PayPal transactions include a nominal fee.
Team Tri Right Membership 2016
Get ready to join the most active triathlon group in the area! Once your payment has been received, you will be sent a membership form to complete so we can best serve your needs. You will also be included on the group emails and have access to the team forum! Welcome to the team! — $60.00
We've reached over 120 members. Join the FASTEST growing triathlon club in the Midwest!
Masters Swim – Core or Team Tri Right Member
The Tri Right Masters program provides organized workouts, clinics and workshops for adults aged 18 and over. The programs is open to all adult swimmers (fitness, triathlete, competitive, non-competitive) who are dedicated to improving their fitness through swimming.
The CORE
16028 127th Street, Lemont, IL 60439
Summer Session: May 1, 2016 – August 31, 2016
Swimmers may join our masters program at any time at a pro-rated cost.
When :
Monday, Wednesday, Friday : 5:30-6:30 am
Tuesday, Thursday : 8:30-9:30 pm
Cost :
$160 for Core Members
$160 for Team TriRight members
$200 for non-members
$10 Drop-in fee
Register at the CORE!
**Minimum requirement is the ability to swim 8 lengths of the pool
Lactate Threshold Test
The Lactate Threshold (LT) test is critical to maximum performance. By properly identifying your training zones, maximum benefit can be derived by creating training plans utilizing these zones, particularly for endurance racing. Athlete can choose to have this test done on a bike or treadmill. Training zones for running and biking are different, so it is recommended to have an LT test done in each discipline. — $154.12
Introduction to Cycling Workshop
Whether you are new to cycling or triathlon, or if you're an experienced athlete just looking to improve your skills and technique on the bike, please join us for a two-part workshop designed to help you be more knowledgeable and comfortable in your cycling endeavors!
Bring your bicycle, helmet, shoes and fluid for both dates.
Swim Instruction Package
Swimming is one of those sports that requires proper technique to show any marked improvement. Whether you are a beginner swimmer or have been swimming all your life, individual instruction is one of the most effective ways to improve your swimming technique. — $429
FIVE – 45 minute sessions
Beginner Triathlete Training
Tri Smart Coaching's 12 week triathlon training program will teach you all the basic skills of triathlon and how to put them together on race day. Participants will meet 3 times per week for group training and will be given a daily schedule detailing suggested workouts to achieve our race day goals.
Join a friendly, supportive group to train with! TBD.
Transitions – the 4th Discipline
This hands-on clinic was developed to help answer questions on what to do and what not to do during your transitions in your races. Most athletes overlook this very critical part of training and racing and it can cause anxiety and confusion when going into transitions unprepared.


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Police have released CCTV stills of a man they would like to speak to following the attempted theft of cash from a store in Glossop.
At around 1.30pm on August 11, a man entered the Iceland Store at Wrens Nest Retail Park and went to pay for an item at the till.
As he did so, he began to confuse the cashier by asking for notes to be changed, before leaning over and attempting to take cash from the till. The cashier managed to take the money back and the man left empty handed.
Officers investigating the incident have now released CCTV images of a man they would like to speak in connection with the attempted theft.
Anyone with information should contact PCSO Ann Morris on 101, quoting crime number 34414/15, or Crimestoppers anonymously on 0800 555 111.


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I've decided to set up camp at a new blog. Please visit at spero-rose.blogspot.com and leave me some feedback on what you think. Oh and if you have bloglovin' a follow on there wouldn't go amiss 🙂
Thanks for reading this guys, in all honesty I'm not going to get rid of it as I think in time I might keep both – Spero Rose for all my vintage/fashion posts and this one for more general stuff. But for now, please head over there to see what I'm up to.


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Just Magnolia
This week, for our last challenge of 2010 we're going with nice and easy – Anything Goes.
I used one of the pirate stamps
Stamp Something
Now for the challenge....in celebration of the New Year and today being New Year's Eve, we would like to see you bling up your creations with lots of glitter! So let's see something glittery!
The sword, the buttons, the buckle, the cross and bones and I glittered the hearts in the background paper with stickles. I also used 3 crystals on the sentiment.
The Sweet Stop
Now how about this week's fabulous sketch.....
And here is what I came up with
I also made a Christmas Card with the same criteria!
Glittery - Edwins wings, "frost" on the window sill and along the bottom of the window and on the present all have Stickles added to them. The dotty background paper is glittery and I used crystals on the sentiment.
Edwin is actually supposed to be holding an egg, but I cut out the egg and replaced it with a present!
Here it is ....
on a roll at the moment, my pre-made Christmas cards are growing, yippee!!! I just hope that I can continue ...


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Tables » Banquet and Square Tables » Banquet Table -6' (30"x72")
Comfortably seats 6-8.
- 90" x 132" linen is the perfect length to hang to the floor.
- 52" x 114" linen is just a covering for the table and will hang knee length showing majority of metal legs.
Specifications72 inches long
30 inches tall
Wish List
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Wish List feature is a tool for planning and basic pricing, it does not constitute an order. Additional fees, taxes, and other charges may apply. All prices are subject to change.


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Real Madrid Prepares for its Next Game VS Deportivo Alavés
Karim Benzema opened the scoring after 31 minutes with a powerful left-footed strike into the top left-hand corner - a stylish first-ever goal against Alaves for the France global. "We played a serious match". "We were having problems, we weren't playing well and then all of a sudden Cristiano (Ronaldo) gets the ball, passes it to Isco and he controls and scores". Read More


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HBO's hit drama Game Of Thrones continues to be the most popular among illegal downloaders, with the series amassing more than eight million downloads, according to new data.
Figures released by torrenting tracker TorrentFreak reveal that the show, which has been the most popular pirated show for three consecutive years, was followed by AMC's zombie hit The Walking Dead, which saw 4.8m downloads.
The Wolf Of Wall Street, Martin Scorsese's film about the life of stockbroker Jordan Belfort, was the most popular film among downloaders, being pirated 30m times. It was followed closely by the Disney film Frozen and the 2014 remake of Paul Verhoeven's RoboCop, both of which were downloaded 29m times.
The next season of Game Of Thrones is set to air in April at the same time as HBO's new standalone streaming service, which will see the network try to offer an alternate way to stream the show after its current service, HBO Go, failed to have an impact on the popularity of illegal downloads.
Thom Yorke, who has been an outspoken critic of streaming sites such as Spotify, was the most popular legally downloaded musician after he released an album on BitTorrent. The Radiohead front man released Tomorrow's Modern Boxes, his second solo album after 2006's The Eraser, on the torrent site and managed 1.1m downloads in the first week of its release.
In September Yorke explained his reason for using the torrenting site was to experiment with alternatives to traditional formats.
"If it works well, it could be an effective way of handing some control of internet commerce back to people who are creating the work" he said, "enabling those people who make either music, video or any other kind of digital content to sell it themselves. Bypassing the self-elected gate-keepers. If it works, anyone can do this exactly as we have done."
Yorke was ahead of EDM artist Diplo and rappers Ace Hood and De La Soul on the list, and offered his album for $6. Other musicians who have experimented with alternative release formats this year include Aphex Twin, who released his album Syro on the dark web ahead of its official release in September, while Yorke released his new single Youwouldn'tlikemewhenI'mangry on Bandcamp.


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# 26 Or May Be The Floor?
Sometimes we think that pennies are not worth it, that they are useless currency and we should not take them when they are given to us as change. But besides used as currency, pennies can take part in several forms of craft. Have a look at these great ideas and see what you can do with these pennies.


text: Hillsborough Tank Water Heaters from the Experts At Fras-Air/General Service Experts, we offer a wide number of traditional tank-style water heaters in the Hillsborough area, and our experts can work with you to choose which one will be perfect for your home and your budget. We will help you identify the model that will keep up with your hot water needs while offering energy efficiency too. With ENERGY STAR® certified models backed by our 100% Service Guarantee, you can be confident that you won't have to worry about running out of hot water while taking a shower again. The storage tank water heater is intended to heat and store water—ready to use—in a tank. Tanks come with water-storage capacities between 20 to 80 gallons, but the normal household in Hillsborough usually does well with a 40- or 50-gallon tank. When the dishwasher, washing machine or shower is running, preheated water is pulled from the top of the tank and flows promptly to where it's needed. The water heater then pulls cold water into the bottom of tank and heats it so more hot water is prepared when you need it. Storage tank water heaters are attractive because they generally have a smaller initial purchase and installation price than other water heaters. However, there are people are worried that a storage tank water heater won't be as energy efficient as they'd wish for. While it's true that tankless water heaters are the champions of energy efficiency, a tank water heater can still be efficient. According to energystar.gov, many ENERGY STAR certified models have better insulation, heat traps and more efficient burners—which can lead to an 8 percent reduction in energy use. No matter what your hot-water needs are, you'll be able to pick from multiple sizes of storage tank water heaters with the help of the professionals at Fras-Air/General Service Experts. Each is covered by a great warranty and installation backed by our 100% Satisfaction Guarantee*. Call Fras-Air/General Service Experts today for ENERGY STAR®-rated, anything-but-traditional tank water heaters. Why not have hot water for less? And don't forget… we can provide you with a free consultation and estimate. We give you quality equipment choices, knowledge and expert service—for all your plumbing needs in the Hillsborough area. Call 908-448-2154 today. Schedule an Appointment Boiler Repair Drain Cleaning Gas Line Repair Garbage Disposal Leak Detection and Repair Sump Pump Water Filter Well Pumps and Tanks Water Heaters Water Softeners


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Floor Sanding Roll 8"x50 YARDS C16 COMBINATION / FLOORS - Combination cloth and paper backing. Designed to remove old coatings and finishes. (Open Coat)
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