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Jenny Pruitt
Law & Valuation
Final Paper
Spring 2001
ABSTRACT: This work will attempt to educate the reader on the current methods used to evaluate real estate and why they are impractical and misleading when applied to large commercial income producing real estate with an emphasis on the problems of valuing hotel property. The first part of this work will concentrate on the current valuation methods used to evaluate real estate. The second part of this work will illustrate through case law the particular problems caused by these traditional methods. Lastly this work will conclude with some suggestions to improve the valuation of income producing real estate using hotel property as an illustration.
I. Introduction
In any transaction involving real property that Internal Revenue Service requires a quantifiable basis be used to calculate the tax consequences for the transaction. In order to determine a quantifiable basis the IRS determines the "fair market value" of the property involved in the transaction. The tax code defines fair market value as "the price at which the property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither being under any compulsion to buy or sell and both having reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts. In order to arrive at this fair market value the IRS and the tax courts rely heavily on professional appraisers. A real estate appraisal is defined as "an unbiased estimate of the nature, quality, value or utility of an interest in, or aspect of, identified real estate and related personality". While this simplistic approach may be very useful and practical in valuing residential real estate or commercial real estate where the ! property is simply a location for a business, it proves impractical and even misleading when followed to appraise large commercial properties that produce income.
The nature of income producing real estate is similar to non-income producing real estate in that it is a mixed asset composed of non-depreciating land and depreciating improvements. The income produced by that land however is a return on the investment in the land and the improvements. This return on the investment is simply not determined by the investment put into the land and the improvements, but rather a return on the investment into the business or activity that produces the income. Therefore income producing real estate is not simply the land and its improvements, but rather real estate represents the total investment into the activity or business that produces income on the real estate, which may or may not be directly, related to the land upon which the improvements are situated.
The true value of an asset that produces income therefore is not measured by "personality", but rather the value it generates added the original land value and improvements. Thus income producing real estate should be, in part valued based on its ability to generate income. This approach should be the method with which not only the IRS, but also other entities that rely on the work of professional appraisers should regard large income producing real estate. There are many reasons why an entity, including the owner(s) of the property, would need an appraisal of income producing property. Some of the reasons an entity may request an appraisal include the obvious impending property sale or contemplated purchase, but also include mortgage financing, partial or total property condemnation, estate settlement, property-tax assessments, equitable distribution, and general civil litigation, especially in the area of determining damages. These entities such as the bankruptcy! courts and the court system in general and the seller and buyer in a sales transaction of such property may have varying agendas that may disregard the income producing character of the estate. Nevertheless, in order to determine a "fair market value" market the income producing character must be part of the evaluation in order to compensate the owner of the asset for the loss of the income production character of the estate.
This work will attempt to educate the reader on the current methods used to evaluate real estate and why they are impractical and misleading when applied to large commercial income producing real estate with an emphasis on the problems of valuing hotel property. The first part of this work will concentrate on the current valuation methods used to evaluate real estate. The second part of this work will illustrate through case law the particular problems caused by these traditional methods. Lastly this work will conclude with some suggestions to improve the valuation of income producing real estate using hotel property as an illustration.
II. Traditional Valuation Methods Used for Real Estate
Real Estate appraisers usually rely on three different methods for evaluating real estate the sales comparison approach, the cost approach, and the income capitalization approach. These methods are interrelated because each one to some extent relies on the marketplace. Market value is consistently linked to the term "fair market value" defined as "the price at which a seller is ready and willing to sell and a buyer is ready and willing to buy on the open market and in an arm's-length transaction". This definition however suggests the problem with market value. Just because a seller is willing to sell at a stated price and the buyer is willing to sell does that value indicate the true value of an income producing asset? How does either party determine the "fairness" of the stated value of an asset, particularly a large-scale asset that produces income? More importantly how does the marketplace construct of value apply to a transaction where the buyer or seller is f! orced into the transaction such a bankruptcy proceeding, an eminent domain taking, or in even in a case such as the value determination for property taxation?
1. The Methodology
The sales comparison approach suggests that the determination of whether or not the parties are being treated fairly depends on whether the property is question is being valued at a price relatively similar to the price being offered for similar properties. This approach is widely accepted and generally used to value residential properties. This approach also can and has been used to value income producing property where properties are similar in design and the income generated by the property is also similar. The underlying theory behind this valuation approach is the notion that a buyer would not pay more for one property than he would for a similar property.
2. The question of Market Comparables
This method works fairly well as long as properties are homogeneous, but large income producing properties are often so distinct in their characteristics that a comparison without some adjustment is misleading. This is especially true of hotel properties although such properties are bought and sold everyday. For example even two hotels in the same vicinity and relatively the same size may not be appropriate to use for the sales comparison approach. One hotel may have meeting facilities and the other may not. One may have an indoor pool and the other may have an outdoor pool. In addition even two hotels with identical facilities and room sizes, may not be comparable due to differing services or reputations, purely intangible characteristics, but nevertheless in valuing a hotel such intangibles are as important as the size of the beds.
3. When the Market is Misleading
The second problem with this approach is the current state of the real estate markets especially the commercial real estate market. As economists had predicted in the mid to late nineties the real estate market in the United States hit an all time low. In the 1980s economic, social and demographic forces combined to create a boom in the real estate market. Foreign investment with low cost capital mixed with tax changes in 1986, created devastating overbuilding, especially in hotel and office real estate. By the late 1980s the evidence of overbuilding could be seen however developers continued to build. In 1985 the office vacancy rate had risen to over 20% and remained at that level into the mid-nineties. In the early nineties the construction cranes that had marked the urban landscape in the eighties had been replaced by foreclosure and "space for rent" signs. Foreclosures and bankruptcies eventually moved some of these excess properties out of the market, but have! forced the sale of these properties at "artificially depressed prices". As a result of the depressed prices the sales comparison data for the past decade is misleading. Income producing property sold or appraised based on this data, is bound to result in an unrealistic value.
1. The Methodology
The cost approach is similar to the sales approach in that it is based on comparisons in the market and therefore has some of the same inherent problems. It compares the cost of either the replacement or reproduction of the building and uses that figure to value the cost of the current real estate. The approach uses the prevailing prices in the market for materials and supplies. Using the cost approach property is first valued by determining the highest and best use of the land as if it were vacant. Then the appraiser uses a variety of methods to calculate the cost to construct the property. In applying these methods the appraiser's look at both the replacement and the reproduction costs. Reproduction and replacement cost are often used interchangeably, but they are in fact two separate concepts.
The difference between reproduction and replacement costs is that reproduction costs are based on producing an exact replica of an existing structure using the same or similar materials and workmanship. Replacement costs on the other hand are based on the cost of producing an equivalent structure with the same utility. The value however is then determined using the cost of what a modern design with modern workmanship and material would cost.
Once the appraiser decides to use either the replacement or the reproduction cost then he adds depreciation and deducts that figure from the total cost. An appraiser's definition of depreciation however is very different than that of an accountant. Depreciation is defined by appraisers as the physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and economic obsolescence that the structure has endured up to the time of the appraisal. This depreciation is a considered a loss of value.
The term structural deterioration is used interchangeably with functional obsolescence and refers to outdated design such as narrow hallways, high ceilings and poor wiring. Physical deterioration is the normal wear and tear inside the building, while external obsolescence is viewed from the environment that exists outside the structure, such as changes in economic conditions or poor land use. In the cost approach some depreciation is "curable". Curable depreciation is the any depreciation that can be replaced or fixed, but at a cost that is equal to or less than the anticipated increase in value due to its cure. When depreciation is curable its cost is still deducted from the value of the property, but using the following method: Replacement Cost $100,000
Total Physical Life New in Years 40
Effective Age in Years 3
Cost to Repair (Physical Curable) $1,500
Accrued Depreciation $5,887.50
Accounting for "curable" depreciation allows for a better value of the property, however external obsolescence is not curable. External obsolescence is not curable because it is based on external environmental factors over which the present owner or future owners have no control. External obsolescence is similar to nuisance and to measure such external obsolescence, including high crime in the neighborhood or proximity to a plant emitting noxious odors, appraisers again revert back to a sales comparison approach. Appraisers in measuring external obsolescence use sales of properties subject to the nuisance effecting the property in question to those free of the problem, to determine the correct amount of depreciation.
2. The Cost of Income
As stated before the cost approach because it is based on materials, labor and other market factors can be as misleading as the sales comparison approach. However an even bigger problem exists when this approach is applied to income producing. A leading text in real estate valuation states the following about the cost approach method:
In this method of valuation a qualitative analysis is made in real property, and its maximum valuation is set by determining the replacement cost of the property at prevailing prices. This method is applicable only when no earnings are produced by the real estate in a form that permits estimation, or when the income derived from the real estate as a part of the profits of the business conducted in the property is so small a portion of the total profits that its segregation is impossible. From the maximum valuation, deductions are made by plausible but arbitrary means in order to allow for accrued depreciation and obsolescence. In the making of the deductions, the property is studied in terms of its functional aspects.
In that quote it is illustrated that not only is the deduction process arbitrary, but it is also based on the property's "functional aspects" not its financial aspects. In order for the cost approach to be reliable in valuing any property it is important for the appraiser to be able to determine correct valuations for labor and materials. In addition the appraiser must also be able to determine appropriate amount of depreciation to deduct from the total replacement or reproduction cost. The appraiser must then also be able to determine the costs of curable depreciation. This task becomes increasing difficult as the building ages because the depreciation estimates become more critical and the cost to cure increases. Finally, the appraiser is forced to be in the position of a sociologist and environmentalist and must determine the future of the external environment of the property considering every factor from the future land use to the crime rate.
The cost approach therefore is an extremely difficult method of valuation for an appraiser because it requires a level of expertise in construction, business, and environmental and societal issues. Appraisers usually do not have a proficient level of all of this expertise. In addition it is not very cost-effective to hire such professionals and therefore the appraiser often determines values using the cost approach method that are quite speculative.
When dealing with income producing real estate while the lack of accuracy in determining the "functional aspects" produces the same effect as on any other piece of real estate. That is it produces an inaccurate valuation, it does it so with greater detriment, especially when dealing with an income producing property like a hotel. Hotels are very sensitive to external obsolescence the most difficult kind of depreciation to measure. Therefore when applying the value of external obsolescence to the total replacement and reproduction cost it is important to not only pay closer attention to the factors that produce the external obsolescence value. In is also important to view these factors in terms of not only what impact they are going to have on the physical property in question, but on the tourism and business interests in the area.
Hotels unlike most income producing pieces of property are very dependent on the other aspects of their environment to produce income, unless of course the hotel itself is a self contained resort or convention center. The customers of hotels generally do not come to an area to see the hotel but to see the area or work on a project in the area. If the area is not appealing for any reason tourism will drop, and if the business interests decline so will the need for business oriented customers to stay at the hotel. Therefore, an external factor like a bad smell emanating from a new factory in the area may have no impact on an income producing piece of real estate such as a factory or even an office complex, where the workers spend most of their time indoors. The same factor for a hotel however may be devastating, as would the loss of a nearby sports team, convention center, or even a newer facility down the street.
The income capitalization rate is the method used in tax assessment litigation and is usually the method preferred by owners of income producing real estate. The method works in the following manner using the annual net income from the property and the desired rate of return, also known as the capitalization rate. The net income is then divided by the capitalization rate. The following is an example:
Net Income = 100,000
Capitalization Rate = .12
100,000/.12 = 833,333
Using the above example then the net income from the property justifies an investment of $833,333. This market price for the property however is based upon what an investor expects to see as a return, as in the above example the expected rate of return was .12 whereas a different rate of return would have yielded a different market rate.
While the above method is not very complicated to understand it is like the other traditional methods of real estate valuation and is not without its problems. This approach is very similar to determining the rates of return on other investments like stocks and bonds. It views the property as an investment that produces a series of cash flows, with a reversion or rather the expected return on the investment through sale or realization. However real estate is not like any other security that is easily exchanged in the marketplace. This approach is an attempt to take the same market concepts that are used for stocks and bonds and compare those concepts with the same concepts in income-producing real estate. Therefore the approach takes a series of irregular cash flows and adds this to a reversion to produce a single present value for a piece of real estate, similar to the process used to determine the prices of stocks and bonds. Real Estate is not like a stock or bon! d.
The problems with the income capitalization method are based upon the two factors that are used to determine the market value, the net income and the capitalization rate. The first problem is that the net income amount is based on a stabilized amount of income. The appraiser derives this amount from analyzing property and lease data for the subject in question and other comparable properties. While this may seem entirely logical in does not take into account the variable real estate market over the past two decades. As discussed earlier the boom of the eighties followed by the recession in the nineties in the real estate market has led to interesting data filled with sharp increases and decreases in net income. This data however is not an accurate predictor of future performance because it is based on a unique period of history for the real estate market. This is particularly true when this approach is applied to a hotel's net income. The boom and bust in the commercia! l real estate market, as discussed earlier resulted in too many hotels and not enough renters, therefore hotel rents were drastically reduced in the mid-nineties to compensate for a saturated market with too much supply and not enough demand. The reduction of room rents therefore were an attempt by hotel owners to stay afloat in a market that was overflowing with excess.
Another problem is the capitalization rate is also derived from comparable sales in the marketplace. Appraisers usually arrive at capitalization rates by dividing the stabilized net income of the comparable property by its cash adjusted sales price. As discussed above the concept of stabilized net income is not a reliable measure to use in the real estate market especially in the commercial real estate market. Added to that unreliable measure is the previously discussed method of comparable sales. Therefore the income approach method is not a perfect method for valuing income producing real estate, especially hotel property.
The Reynolds case illustrates the use of all three of the traditional real estate valuation methods to value a hotel in Chicago. The case is tremendously useful to illustrate the arguments outlined above because the court considers each approach on its own merits to value the hotel. In the Reynolds case the court was reviewing the trial court's decision in a partnership dispute. The trial court in a bench trial awarded the plaintiffs $953,465 for their respective shares for their partnership interest in a piece of real estate known as the Whitehall Hotel.
The Whitehall Hotel is located at 105 and 111 East Delaware Place in Chicago. The Whitehall is located near four other hotels in the same area the Drake, the Mayfair Regent, the Ritz Carlton, and the Inn of Chicago. The building was built in 1928 and is 21 stories with a brick face finish. In the basement there is heating equipment, boilers and a laundry facility that is used for the hotel operations. The "Whitehall Club" is located on the first floor of the hotel. The Whitehall Club is a 125-seat restaurant that is reserved for its members and the hotel's guests only. Also on the first floor is small lobby with a bar. The hotel has three elevators and 223 guestrooms.
In 1970 John Coleman entered into an agreement with Lex Hotels, an English Corporation to finance his purchase of the Whitehall. The original agreement stated that Coleman would supply $6 million dollars to the purchase and renovate the Whitehall while Lex Hotels renovated and operated the hotel. The Lex Hotel would then pay Coleman $660,000 in rent. That agreement was later amended in 1973 with Lex Hotel paying $1,100,000 in rent. In 1975 Thomas Reynolds and Kenneth Pigott, both attorneys who had assisted Coleman with his purchase of the Whitehall, entered into an agreement whereby Coleman retained a 95% interest in the hotel while Reynolds and Pigott each held a 2 1/2% interest in the hotel. In 1980 Coleman purchased the operations of the hotel for 2.2 million. Then in 1984 "sold" the legal title to the hotel for 42 million, although he retained the rights of management and could use the hotel as an asset for collateral. Although not clearly stated by the court thi! s deal resulted in a substantial tax loss for both Reynolds and Pigott . The deal went sour and Reynolds and Pigott sued for their interests, in essence dissolving the partnership.
The court heard from appraisers on both sides. Coleman appraisers looked at all three methods. In looking at the cost approach the Whitehall was valued at 17 million. To reach this figure the appraiser took the land that the Whitehall sits on and valued that land at $5 million using a rate of $250-$300 per square foot. The appraisers for Coleman then valued the reproduction of the hotel at a cost of $20 million while the replacement cost was estimated to be about $16 million based on a replacement cost of $115 per square foot times the 140,000 square foot area of the building. The appraisers then added the lesser replacement cost of $16 million to the cost of the land $5 million for a total of $21 million. The appraiser's then discounted this value for physical depreciation and functional obsolescence and came up with a figure of 17 million.
The appraisers for Coleman also used the sales comparison method. In using the hotels in the vicinity mentioned earlier the appraisers looked at sales data that ranged from a modest $3.25 million for a 450 room hotel in 1977 to a high of $27.7 million for a 657 room hotel in 1979. Each of the comparable hotels were similar only in location, however using this data the appraiser's reached a figure of $17 million, or a value of $76,233 per room.
Coleman's appraisers reached the lowest figure for the Whitehall by using the income capitalization approach. Using the income capitalization approach Coleman's appraiser's came up with a value for the Whitehall of $11.9 million using a capitalization rate of 11% and depreciated the total to account for the age and condition of the building.
While Coleman's appraisers using all three methods concluded that Whitehall was worth somewhere between $11.9 million and $20 million, Reynolds appraisers using the same methods came up with an estimate for the Whitehall of $49 million.
The Reynolds appraisers originally valued the Whitehall at $45.5 million by using a 15 year income and future valuation approach and reducing that figure to its present value of $17.1 million (this is essentially the income capitalization approach). The appraisers then added $28.4 million to the $17.1 million figure because they argued that that amount represented the projected current value of Whitehall's business over the next 15 years. After adding $28.4 million and $17.1 million the appraisers then threw in a value of $3.5 million for the land resulting in a total price tag of $49 million dollars.
The $49 million sales figure was then compared against comparable hotel sales to ensure that it was a fair estimate. The appraisers for Reynolds then looked at several hotel sales including the sale of a 306 room hotel in Denver that sold for 24.2 million in 1983, a 770 room hotel that sold for $62.5 million, and a number of other hotels around the country that were better located and had better facilities than the Whitehall.
Despite the figures presented by the Reynolds appraisers being less than accurate the trial court accepted their numbers based on testimony from another witness from the company that "bought" the property from Coleman in 1984 for $42 million. The trial court had used this $42 million figure and added in the value of the land, which they valued at $6,619,000 for a total of $48,619,000. The Illinois Appeals Court however reversed the trial court's valuation based on the fact that the Reynolds appraiser's used future income predications to estimate the purchase price of the property.
The Illinois Appeals Court held that using future predictions of income to estimate the purchase price of property was too speculative. The court reiterated a holding in a prior case People v. Stevens. The case, which was decided in 1934 held that:
"In civil cases the rule is that fair cash market value of property on the date under inquiry is its value for the highest and best use for which it is adapted, and evidence tending to show profits from the operation or volume of business, or contingencies of future profits, is too speculative and remote to be considered."
The court thus excepted the numbers of the Reynolds appraisers without any attention placed on the income the Whitehall would be able to generate. The court took the sales comparison and cost approach to determine the value of Reynolds and Pigott partnership interest.
IV. A Better Way to Determine Value
In reviewing the Reynolds v. Coleman case above it becomes obvious that some courts simply ignore the income producing nature of income producing real estate. As this work has attempted to convey such a method of valuing property results in a poor valuation. Depending on the circumstance such a method results in either a valuation that is too low or one that is too high. For example in a depressed economy, property that is valued without taking into account the loss of profits from external factors results in an elevated value for the property. On the other hand when a very profitable establishment is valued without any consideration to the income it produces the result is a severely depressed value.
How do we then value income-producing properties? The perfect method does not exist however in valuing income-producing property, the entity that requests the valuation whether it be the government or a buyer or seller, must not overlook the income producing nature of the property. To do so is to dismiss the true value of the property.


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subset: commoncrawl


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NKCCluster 2.5.7 Released
After beta-testers' thumbs-up, NKCCluster 2.5.7 has been released to Google Play Store on 30th September 2018 and will be gradually rolled out worldwide in the coming week.
This release contains several minor bugfixes. Most notable difference in it is it now comes built for Android Oreo (8.0), but should be backwards-compatible from Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) onwards. This latter change was stipulated in large part due to Google Play policies but it also made sense to start building NKCCluster against more stable and feature-rich platform than thus far.
This, however, means users using Android versions older than 4.1 will no loger be getting NKCCluster updates. This was a hard decision to make. Since its very first release the intention has always been to support as wide range of Android devices as possible (especially bearing in mind the radio hams' proverbial tendency to reuse old tech) but ultimately there comes a point at which there just isn't enough users to justify effort that could better be spent in delivering new functionality and better user experience on newer devices. I believe this is such point. With Android 4.1 Jelly Bean being already 6 years old and with (according to Google Play statistics) fewer than 50 users on platforms older than it, I feel I can no longer justify compromising NKCCluster performance in order to achieve maximum compatibility. If you're one of the affected users, I can only apologise to you and hope you will understand the motivation for this decision.
Please let me know if you should experience any issues with this release. Contact details are on NKCCluster's Google Play Store page.
Kristijan, M0NKC
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DX Spider Docker Image
Have you ever thought about running your own DX cluster node? I must admit for a long time I didn't use to think I needed it until recently when, in order to speed up NKCCluster development, it became apparent to me that a DX cluster node I could easily deploy in a CI environment would considerably speed up my development process.
Although DX Spider Installation is well documented, I wanted something that I could "fire & forget" and spin up a running DX cluster node in seconds. It seemed to me that a Docker image would be a very convenient way to achieve this. After some googling, I couldn't find anything on the Internet, although on GitHub there exist several repositories whose contents suggest others had similar idea (unfortunately, with no tangible results).
I thus decided to develop the DX Spider Docker image myself. Although it is still in its early stage, it is already functional enough to bring up a working DX Spider node in seconds. Its source code is in GitHub repository kconkas/dxspider-deployment and the image itself is available in identically named DockerHub repository.
Give it a try and see if you like it. GitHub pull requests and bug reports are very welcome.
Note: this image will only get you a running DX Spider node, but will not link it with any other nodes. If you'd like to link it with another node, you will need to agree this with an owner of another active node and configure your connect file for it. You can find more details about it on the DX Spider Wiki.
Huge thanks to Dirk Koopman (G1TLH), the author of DX Spider, for this invaluable piece of software.
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UPDATED February 15, 2019– Cardiovascular disease, cardiometabolic syndromes and coronary artery disease, are the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated that the annual number of human deaths related to the cardiovascular disease is over 17.5 million worldwide, of which 80% of these deaths are due to strokes and heart attacks and over 75% of these incidents occur in developing nations. A recent project, by the (WHO) World Health Organization, monitored coronary heart disease across 37 ethnic populations in over 20 countries from all four continents. The study lasted over ten years and clearly shows that the annual rate of heart-related/coronary events is 600/100,000 people. The most common issue was ventricular dysfunction followed by myocardial infarction or heart attacks. A diagnosis of MI means that a patient's heart muscle rapidly lost its blood supply. Without immediate treatment of the blockage, the event will lead to permanent damage in the affected areas of the heart. Myocardial Infarction is also known as coronary thrombosis which is the medical term for heart attack. (20632394)
Stem Cell Treatment After Acute Myocardial InfarctionCardiac tissue regeneration using cardiopoietic stem cells. Regenerate heart tissue and Arteriogenesis leads to improvement in overall cardiac function and reduction in the infarct zone without invasive surgery or adverse side effects.
What Causes Heart Attacks?
The most common causes MI (Myocardial Infarction) and congestive heart failure is thrombosis or blood clots. These clots usually form inside one of the branches of the coronary artery. The clot restricts vital blood flow to the heart. This type of blood clotting doesn't usually appear in healthy arteries unless there are existing atheromas within the arterial lining. Atheromas or plaque are fatty patches that develop in the linings of blood arteries. These types of plaque formations usually form over several years and can manifest more than one place inside the coronary arteries. Each Atheromas consists of an outer shell and soft inner core.(20552656)
If a crack develops on the outer atheroma plaque shell, the event is known as a plaque rupture. This rupture exposes the inner core to circulating blood which triggers the blood clotting mechanism resulting in a blood clot. A buildup of plaque is usually the underlying issue that leads to the death of heart muscle cells and a heart attack. It's worth noting that atheromas can develop in any part of the coronary arteries. If caught early enough, anti-clogging medications can be used to safely break up the blood clot and eliminate the blockage before it too late.
Other causes of blocked arteries and Cardiac Infarctions include:
- Chronic inflammation of the coronary arteries
- Complications from open heart surgeries
- Reduce infarct size & reduction in scarring of heart muscles caused by cardiogenic shock
- A clot forming elsewhere then travels to coronary artery and causes blockage
- Drug abuse can also cause a coronary artery to go into spasm
- Failed surgeries leading to death of cardiac muscle
Symptoms of a Pending Heart Attack
The body displays several warnings leading up to a heart attack. The most common symptom is severe chest pain, but pain can also travel to the jaw area, along with the right or left arm (or both). Patients also report heavy sweating, feeling faint or sick. The pain experienced by patients is very similar to angina, but it's usually much more severe and persists for longer. While angina pain usually disappears after a few minutes, Pain from a heart attack lasts anywhere from 10 minutes to several hours.Heart attack symptoms such as chest pain should be taken seriously and not ignored. `(21696072)
A small/minor heart attack can occur without pain ('Silent Myocardial Infarction') or the pain relatively mild leading the victim to think it's just lack of oxygen or heartburn. Significant or severe heart attacks can cause instant collapse and result in sudden death. If addressed early after the initial incident, a lot of people can recover without further complications.
For some patients, an emergency angioplasty is required as an alternative to a 'clot-busting' medications. An angioplasty procedure uses tiny wires with a balloon attached to the end. The wire is guided into the large artery in the patient's arm or groin area. The wire then travels up to the heart and directly into any blocked coronary artery using with the assistance of radio guidance. When it reaches the area of blockage, the balloon is inflated, allowing the blocked artery widen and thus breaking up any plaque formations.(23238707)
Dangers of Silent Ischemia
Stem Cells for Coronary Thrombosis & Acute Myocardial Infarctions
Cardiac Stem cell treatments (CSC's) are the only safe and non-surgical method to improve ventricular muscle function after ischemic injury. Cardiac stem cell repair works by engrafting/delivering new cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and cardiac pacemaker cells to the infarct zone (damaged area) which help to replace the (necrotic) dead myocardial tissue, induce arteriogenesis and help establish new blood microvessels through the process known as angiogenesis. The Regen Centre Stem Cell Treatment for Heart Attacks uses cultured and differentiated stem cells to restore cardiac function via revascularization process. The enhanced hematopoietic stem cells used in treatments for Congestive Heart Failure and coronary heart disease yield significantly larger populations of cardiomyocytes allowing for better long-term cardiovascular health and prevent lung, liver or kidney failure.
Long Term Results of MSC+ Cardiac Cell Therapy at The Regen Center
The heart regeneration protocol for damaged myocardium treatment also focuses on the creation of both endothelial and vascular muscle cells that help increase blood supply needed for myocardial repair along with the paracrine effect. Cell development improves Paracrine signaling (cell-cell communication) which is critical in helping induce regenerative changes in surrounding cells and can be observed after cell infusions in (bFGF) fibroblast growth factors, (PDGF) platelet derived growth factors, interleukin-1b & TGF-b and play a vital immunomodulatory role in repairing heart tissue after heart attacks.(26563414)
TREATMENT PRECAUTIONPlease note Stem Cell Therapies may not be appropriate for all Heart Conditions. Cell Therapy and Heart tissue and cell Engineering are limited based on the extent of heart muscle and tissue damage and current and accurate medical condition of the patient. Travel Restrictions may apply. Patients requiring sustained oxygen assistance will not qualify for treatment.
Delivery of Cardiac Stem Cells after Heart Attacks
Methods of delivery or adult cardiac myocytes to the damaged myocardium can be done in both surgical and noninvasive methods depending on the patient's condition and needs. Minimally invasive means include catheter-based cell delivery, intracoronary transplantation, Intracoronary or transendocardial injection, however, carry much more risk resulting in the need for concomitant open heart surgery. Through proper cell culturing, Cell Isolation, G-CSF and cell differentiation techniques, non-invasive, non-surgical cell delivery can be achieved using then the combination of intravenous and intramuscular cell infusions needed to circumvent dead heart muscle.Learn more about the basics of stem cells.(23467912)
Heart Regeneration Treatment Overview
Number of Cell Infusions: 2-8 MSC+ Cardiopoietic Stem cells (per Treatment stage requirement) Severe cases with multiple commodities may require a multiple stage delivery using transvascular injections with direct injection Into the ventricular walls to ensure optimal results.
Physical Rehabilitation Post Therapy: Rehabilitation therapy is optional based on the patients time constraints. Full rehabilitation and nursing care can be provided 1-6 hours per day and up to 5 days per week . Medical visas and accommodations for the patient and family/friends at an extended stay hotel can also be included upon request. Estimated treatment length is 14 – 21 nights in total.
Can damaged Heart Muscles be repaired with Stem Cells?
The ultimate goal of our cellular transplantation after heart attacks is to first stop the progression of the disease and the regeneration of any lost heart muscle. The overall success of stem cell therapy for heart attack and heart valve regeneration will be measured 3-5 months after therapy. The total number of cells needed for maximal efficacy will depend on several factors including the patients' current health and age of injury. Please note Cardiac regeneration after heart attacks is not a 1-day process and require multiple stages over a period of 2-3 weeks. Due to the varying degrees of severity our medical team will need to review the patient's current and historical condition before acceptance. For eligible patients, a complete treatment plan shall be provided with specifics of the protocol along with the fixed medical costs of treating heart attacks with stem cells. To begin a medical evaluation, please prepare recent test results from an EKG, Tilt Table Heart CT Scan, Echocardiogram, SPECT exam (Single-photon emission computed tomography) and contact us today.


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IN Compass Health works with hospitals and their physician communities to establish and manage hospitalist programs that save money and improve patient care. Our 24/7/365 fully managed programs deliver high quality outcomes.
Whether you're planning a new hospitalist program or need to fine tune an existing one, get expert help from IN Compass Health, one of the leading companies specializing in hospital-based medicine programs.
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Use your talents more effectively as a member of a congenial inpatient medical team. IN Compass Health offers a competitive compensation package and better work/life balance.
Our clients are our best salespeople. Take a moment to read a few samples of typical feedback about our hospitalist programs and management services.


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Sterling silver Cat charm. Domestic cats are descended from wild cats though they have been domesticated for thousands of years as evidenced in ancient Egypt where there was a cat goddess called Bast. Cats probably became popular for the more practical reason of keeping vermin in check.
By Andrew Hall
11mm Carabiner - Gap 1.5mm:01 (+£1.99)
Chain/Necklet 18" - 20" - 24":018 inch (+£7.50)20 inch (+£8.80)24 inch (+£9.80)
Presentation Box:01 (+£0.50)
0 items


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Benefits Of Lawsuit Case Debt Settlement Loans :- Settlement loans are taken because while you may have money coming to you as part of a future court settlement or lawsuit, you have bills that need to be paid now. Generally, people are not as familiar with settlement loans or lawsuit loans compared to their knowledge of mortgages or lines of credit.
This is because unless you have had an experience with being a plaintiff in a settlement case, and felt the cash crunch of having to still pay all your living expenses, medical bills and legal fees all while being unable to work; you simply would never bother to learn about the benefits of settlement loans.
A good website that I have found is settlement lenders because they have a ton of information on everything from the application process and getting your money, to tips about what to ask your lawyer and the most common cases that yield large settlements.
The most significant of all the benefits of settlement loans is being able to have enough money so you can afford to wait for a larger amount of money in your settlement.
Knowing that settlement offers tend to get larger the longer the plaintiff waits, it would seem obvious to just wait until you are offered a big money settlement before closing your case.
Unfortunately, this is not always a choice because when bills start to pile up, the stress from worrying about how you will manage to pay them while you have legal fees and medical bills on top of that to pay for, can force you to panic and settle early for less money than you deserve.
The other important benefit to give you peace of mind is that if you take out a settlement loan from certain companies, including Settlement Lenders, you do not have to pay it back unless your case settles.
How to Apply
Simply head over to www.settlementlenders.com and you can apply within seconds by filling in some very basic information. Within minutes, you will get a call from a Settlement Lenders agent who will walk you through the settlement loans process and ask you a few questions to fully understand your wants and needs. Then they will build a settlement loan specifically for you.
This is a nice touch because we are not all the same, and each of our lawsuits or settlement cases is unique so they require specialized attention. That was my experience with Settlement Lenders anyway, my agent worked with me directly to get me the money I needed, when I needed it and in the way that I wanted it. I got my money the day after I applied in a monthly installment plan that allowed me to have exactly what I needed to pay all my bills during my lawsuit.
And I paid less interest when my case finally settled because the interest was only applied to a much smaller amount of money each month. I never thought that I would need a settlement loan but I do believe that I was able to get more money from my settlement because I could afford to wait.


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England vs New Zealand
QBE International
Twickenham Stadium
Saturday, 8th November; 2:30pm KO
Mark Bollons reports live from Twickenham
England host the All Blacks in the first of the Autumn internationals, with expectations high as next year's World Cup edges ever closer.
Stuart Lancaster will be looking to get a clearer picture of which players are up to the challenge against the reigning world champions, and we're covering it live. The teams, announced on Thursday, promise an exciting clash...
Brown, Rokodunguni, B. Barritt, Eastmond, May, Farrell, Care, Marler, Hartley, Wilson, Attwood, Lawes, Wood, Robshaw, Vunipola.
Replacements: Webber, Mullan, Brookes, Kruis, Morgan, Youngs, Ford, Watson.
New Zealand
Dagg, B. Smith, C. Smith, Williams, Savea, Cruden, A. Smith, Crockett, Coles, O. Franks, Retallick, Whitelock, Kaino, McCaw, Read.
Replacements: Mealamu, B. Franks, Faumuina, Tuipulotu, Messam, Perenara, Barrett, Crotty.
Related Articles
- Five future England rugby stars
- Robshaw targets 100% record
- Top Five: Breakthrough stars to watch this Autumn
The teams are out for the national anthems - keep up-to-date with all the action, live, right here...
2:30pm - Kick-off: England 0-0 New Zealand
3 minutes - TRY: England 5-0 New Zealand (J. May)
What...A...Start! England are out the traps and the All Blacks can't contain them. Jonny May burns down the wing after some fine back play from the hosts, evading a final tackle and touching down. Owen Farrell misses the conversion.
8 minutes - England 5-0 New Zealand
England turn down a possible three points for Farrell and kick for the corner. They win the line-out and drive, with Courtney Lawes going closest. Kyle Eastmond looks lively, but tries to spin it out wide and Mike Brown can't control and it's a turnover.
14 minutes - TRY: England 5-5 New Zealand (A. Cruden)
It's controversial! After a great start from England, the All Blacks strike on their first meaningful drive, switching from one flank to the other before Cruden rumbles over. But did he cross the line? A couple of missed tackles that Lancaster won't be happy with, but New Zealand show why they are the champions. Conversion missed.
18 minutes - Penalty: England 8-5 New Zealand
Straight from the restart, England win it and the All Blacks commit an offence. It's straight and Farrell does the business.
21 minutes - Penalty: England 11-5 New Zealand
Farrell does the business once again. Again, it's fairly straightforward for the Saracens number ten, with the All Blacks committing another penalty within regulation distance.
24 minutes - Penalty: England 11-8 New Zealand
Courtney Lawes comes off with an injury, and England are penalised in the sequence for a late hit from Dylan Hartley. Cruden doesn't miss.
33 minutes - England 11-8 New Zealand
The scoring might have stopped, but it's enthralling stuff as New Zealand put the pressure on before turning the ball over. England get away with a loose kick as Richie McCaw knocks on, before Farrell misses with a drop goal effort.
37 minutes - Penalty: England 11-11 New Zealand
Kyle Eastmond is penalised for not rolling away and it's easy for Cruden, who splits the uprights from bang in-front on the 22. Little to split the sides.
39 minutes - Penalty: England 14-11 New Zealand
Farrell can split them with a penalty right on half-time. England win the ball in midfield and drive forward with purpose. The All Blacks look like they've won the ball back inside the 22, but they do so illegally and Farrell slots home to give the hosts the lead.
Half-Time: England 14-11 New Zealand
42 minutes - Penalty miss (Cruden): England 14-11 New Zealand
The All Blacks start fast and look set to level the scores as scrum half Smith is pulled into the ruck. However, Cruden hits the post from distance and England run it clear through Attwood.
45 minutes - TRY: England 14-16 New Zealand (McCaw)
It's the skipper McCaw who goes over in the same corner as May. He makes a fine offload earlier in the move to prop Franks, and then finds himself involved in a three-on-one overlap against Rokodunguni. An easy try, but Cruden makes a meal of the conversion to keep England less than a score away.
55 minutes - No Try: England 14-16 New Zealand
We go to the TMO and England get what appears to be a lucky escape. The All Blacks look like they've stolen a score as England defend their line. The ball touches the whitewash but there is no pressure and it's a scrum.
56 minutes - Yellow Card - Dane Coles (New Zealand)
New Zealand go a man down and it takes an eternity for referee Nigel Owens to make his decision. Dylan Hartley pulls his opposite number Coles, who kicks out and is sent to the sin bin. A chance for England.
61 minutes - England 14-16 New Zealand
The rain is hammering down at Twickenham and it's the All Blacks who almost strike with 14-men. They force a five-metre scrum but knock-on when spinning the ball out wide.
66 minutes - Penalty: England 14-19 New Zealand
Beauden Barrett converts from five yards - McCaw wants more but there wasn't much in it and it's given for offside. Barrett, who missed an easy one moments earlier, doesn't repeat the trick. New Zealand back to 15 men.
71 minutes - TRY: England 14-24 New Zealand (C. Faumuina)
It's been coming - the All Blacks have been all over England, even with 14 men, and they make their pressure tell with Faumuina rumbling over from close range. The crowd don't like it, but it's given New Zealand a cushion you don't expect them to lose.
79 minutes - Penalty Try: England 21-24 New Zealand
It's not going to be enough for England, who drive a scrum from five metres out and force referee Owens into a decision. George Ford kicks the drop goal with seconds remaining, but it's not going to be enough unless England produce a miracle.
FULL-TIME: England 21-24 New Zealand


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Regional Home & Garden Show this weekend at TRAC
If you're planning on building or remodeling a home, or just want to see what's new in building or decor, drop by the 2013 Regional Home & Garden Show this weekend.
The three-day show is presented annually at TRAC in Pasco by the Home Builders Association of Tri-Cities.
"Anyone with a project in mind for this year, no matter how big or small, will find the answers, contractors and supplies they need at the show. Even if you're not sure what projects you'll be starting, the show is a great place to gather ideas and contacts," said Jeff Losey, the home builders association's executive director.
The show will feature more than 200 vendors from the Tri-Cities, Spokane, Yakima and the west side. More than 13,000 people attended last year and the organizers expect that many or more this year.
"Interest rates are low right now and home prices haven't increased too much," said Renee Brooks, the home builders association's spokeswoman. "I expect we'll see a lot of people who are in starter homes who want to move up and maybe get their dream home and people who are redecorating and remodeling come through.
"Kitchen and bath upgrades are always popular projects," she said. "And of course, there's always the booths selling stuff -- spices, brooms, pans and other things you can take home with you."
The show's arena will feature landscapers, pools, hot tubs and other outdoor living accessories.
"It's always amazing to see what the landscapers and nurseries create in there from just bare dirt," Brooks said. "They bring in plants, dig ponds complete with fish, set up fire pits, stack up big rock formations, sometimes even put in swimming pools."
Home & Garden Show hours are from 11 a.m. to 8 p.m. Friday, from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Saturday, and from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday.
Admission is $6 for adults, and free for children under 12 years. Take a nonperishable food item for the Salvation Army's food pantry and receive $1 off admission.
"If you leave the show, be sure to get your hand stamped, because admission is good for all three days," Brooks said.
New this year is a Wine Walk on Friday. Purchase a $15 ticket, which includes admission to the Home & Garden Show, and you'll be able to sample eight Mid-Columbia wines as you tour the show. Tickets include a souvenir wine glass.
The Wine Walk runs from 4 to 8 p.m. and just 400 tickets are available. Buy tickets at the door or reserve them by calling the Home Builders Association office, 735-2745, then pick them up at the door. You must be 21 or older and carry valid ID to participate.
There will be a series of free home and garden seminars all three days. This year's topics include growing tomatoes and peppers, caring for roses, landscaping with native plants, kitchen and bathroom remodeling, solar hot water and heating, new home construction and preparing your home for sale.
The Blue Mountain Garden Club will hold a free standard flower show, "Myth, Magic and & Make Believe." Club members will be on hand to answer gardening questions.
Anyone with kids in tow will want to swing by the Kidstruction Zone. On Saturday, from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., children will be able to plant seeds they can take home.
"Lowe's will have their Build and Grow projects to build and the National Association of Women in Construction will be handing out plastic hats for kids to decorate," Brooks said.
-- Loretto J. Hulse: 582-1513; firstname.lastname@example.com


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Athletic Shoes
When you're searching for mens running shoes for sale, look no further than Big R. Each shoe in Big R's assortment of athletic shoes for men is constructed using premium materials for maximum durability and comfort. Depending on the type, these shoes are made with breathable mesh, stretchy collars for ease of use, hollowed lugs, waterproof material, and more. These athletic shoes for men are available in a variety of styles including casual sneakers, supportive running shoes, and stabilizing hiking shoes. Depending on their design, some running shoes are built for off-road trail ventures with UA Storm Technology to keep your feet warm and dry regardless of the weather conditions. Other shoes feature a light, breathable design for comfortable day-to-day use. Still others include special insoles that help soothe and energize your tired feet. Regardless of your taste in sneakers, shop our mens running shoes for sale and find a pair that fits your needs and sense of style at Big R.
12 Items
12 Items


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Mon, Tues and Thurs: 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wed and Fri: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
(614) 533.6810
(614) 777.9032
Mon, Tues and Thurs: 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wed and Fri: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
(614) 533.6810
(614) 777.9032
You'll find that our highly qualified Ob/GYN physicians are dedicated to providing individualized, women-focused care that embraces a healthy lifestyle.
We're here to guide women through all life stages – from adolescence to menopause and beyond – addressing every question and concern along the way with compassion and understanding. And because no one knows your body like you do, we make listening to our patients our highest priority. So together, we can decide on a treatment plan that's just right for you.
OhioHealth Obstetrics and Gynecology Physicians understands that each stage of a woman's life is unique and special. From preventive check-ups to prenatal and obstetrics care for every pregnancy to postmenopausal health, our physicians share a common goal — to provide you exceptional care in a comfortable and friendly environment. We offer the full continuum of care for your women's health needs:
View a full list of the services available from OhioHealth Obstetrics and Gynecology Physicians.


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Are Creationists honest?
Everyone makes mistakes, but there seems to be a common accusation that creationists intend to deceive. The most frequent charge is that creationists take quotes 'out of context'. This is an easy charge to make since no creationist goes to the trouble of quoting the ENTIRE book of the author they quote. In most cases evolutionists believe they have resolved the problems they bring up, however when someone acknowledges a problem it seems reasonable to allow the public to know about the problem and then decide whether the proposed solution is indeed reasonable. If the public can be trusted to accept evolution, that same public should be allowed to question evolution.
You know you're over the target when you start getting flak. ~ Ben Stein
If my critics saw me walking over the Thames they would say it was because I couldn't swim. ~ Margaret Thatcher
We have this going for us, however, which the evolutionary naturalists don't, namely, the evidence and arguments are on our side. It's therefore to our advantage to discuss intelligent design and naturalistic evolution on their merits. Conversely, the other side needs to delegitimate the debate between intelligent design and naturalistic evolution, casting intelligent design as a pseudoscience and characterizing its significance purely in political and religious terms. As a consequence, critics of intelligent design engage in all forms of character assassination, ad hominem attacks, guilt by association, and demonization.~ William Dembski See also: RichardDawkins.net 2 3
When you have no basis for an argument, abuse the plaintiff. ~ Cicero
I can not believe that the typical view among scientists is such that they're not as fascinated by that question and this possible boundary to our knowledge as you are. It's so utterly fascinating. And yet I remember when Darwin's Black Box came out I grabbed it. I was fascinated by this. It opened my eyes. And I had a scientist friend, eminent one, I will not name them or even give their gender, but I had that scientist over to dinner and when I gave that scientist your book and said 'Have you read this one?' That scientists literally, and they, yes singular 'they' were being kind of theatrical but they, literally, threw it across the room. They just could not entertain that this book, and it was gaining a reputation, could possibly be making any sense. But of course that wasn't a discussion — I could not get this person to discuss what was so wrong with the ideas. ~ John McWhorter
I presented an earlier version of this case several years ago to two prominent experts in the field. Bothered by my conclusion, both felt that it must be in error. When the three of us met for a discussion, they had their own hunches about where my reasoning might have gone wrong. Interestingly, though, after perhaps two hours of heated discussion neither agreed with the other's hunch, and we ended up at a polite but dissatisfying impasse. I left with the distinct impression that my conclusion was being rejected not because it was unfounded but because it was unwelcome. ~ Douglas Axe
Some months ago an American philosopher explained to a highly sophisticated audience in Britain what, in his opinion, was wrong, indeed fatally wrong, with the standard neo-Darwinian theory of biological evolution. He made it crystal clear that his criticism was not inspired by creationism, intelligent design or any remotely religious motivation. A senior gentleman in the audience erupted, in indignation: 'You should not say such things, you should not write such things! The creationists will treasure them and use them against science.' The lecturer politely asked: 'Even if they are true?' To which the instant and vibrant retort was: 'Especially if they are true!' with emphasis on the 'especially'. ~ Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini
I shall prepare an answer to Mr. Darrow's charge that I am an ignorant bigot. I am not vain enough to think that this compliment -- for coming from him, it was a compliment -- was intended for me alone. While it was addressed to me, it was intended for all who dare differ from him to the extent of believing in the Bible, the God whom it reveals and the supernatural Christ of whom it tells. ~ William Jennings Bryan See also: Gallup 2 3 4 5 See also: Fark
I always find when I meet creationists or non-evolutionists or critics or whatever, I find it a lot easier to hate them in print than I do in person. ~ Michael Ruse
In my opinion, the Intelligent Design creationists I have met believe their own rhetoric about only doing science and having no religious or political agendas, and they also believe in the religious and political tenets to which they adhere. ~ Michael Shermer See also: Leo Behe
Most of the time a well-meaning evolutionist accepts a debate challenge (usually "to defend good science" or for some other worthy goal), reads a bunch of creationist literature, makes up a lecture explaining Darwinian gradualism, and can't figure out why at the end of the debate so many individuals are clustered around his opponent, congratulating him on having done such a good job of routing evolution -- and why his friends are too busy to go out for a beer after the debate. ~ Eugenie Scott See also: Kansas
Creationists today -- at least the majority of their spokesmen -- are highly educated, intelligent people. Skilled debaters, they have always done their homework. ~ Niles Eldredge See also: Scientists
For I am well aware that scarcely a single point is discussed in this volume on which facts cannot be adduced, often apparently leading to conclusions directly opposite to those at which I have arrived. A fair result can be obtained only by fully stating and balancing the facts and arguments on both sides of each question; and this cannot possibly be here done. ~ Charles Darwin See also: Zogby See also: A Modest Proposal
When I was in Cambridge one of my supervisors often advised us to 'beware the sound of one hand clapping' which is a way of saying if there is an argument on one side, there is bound to be an argument on the other. And what I've found in studying the structure of the argument in the Origin of Species is that for every evidence based argument for one of Darwin's two key propositions there is an evidence based counter argument. ~ Stephen Meyer
Yet even here, where Darwin's arguments are strongest, nagging questions remain. For example, a reader of the Origin might be justified in wondering what Creationist view Darwin is referring to. Perhaps this is a problem more for the present-day reader. Darwin's contemporaries may have known exactly what he meant, though I doubt it. Often the Creationist position seems merely a straw man-set up only to be knocked down. The constraints on space in the Origin, which led Darwin to abandon his original intention of arguing on both sides of the mutability issue, add to this feeling. The result is that the Creationist position is never clearly defined in the Origin. ~ Barry Gale
When you ask a Darwinist, 'What evidence do you have for your mechanism that random variation and natural selection can actually do any creating?' the Darwinist will say, 'Well, tell me what God looks like, Why did he do this or that? I want you to show me God doing the creating because if you can't show me that, we can get rid of God or the creator and what's left is Darwinism, so it's got to be true.' It's the variation of, 'This is the only thing that could have happened, so it doesn't have to be demonstrated, it can just be assumed to be true.' And anyone who doubts that it could be true has to provide ironclad proof and justification for an alternative. ~ Phillip Johnson
When a valid criticism of Darwinism is first proposed, it is dismissed without an adequate response, either on some technicality or with some irrelevancy or by simply being ignored. As time passes, people forget that Darwinists never adequately met the criticism. But Darwinism is still ruling the roost. Since the criticism failed to dislodge Darwinism, the criticism itself must have been discredited or refuted somewhere. Thereafter the criticism becomes known as "that discredited criticism that was refuted a long time ago." And, after that, even to raise the criticism betrays an outdated conception of evolutionary theory. In this way, the criticism, though entirely valid, simply vanishes into oblivion. ~ William Dembski
It is said that there is no place for an argument from authority from science. The community of science is constantly self-critical ... It is certainly true that within each narrowly defined scientific field there is constant challenge to new technical claims and to old wisdom. ... But when scientists transgress the bounds of their own specialty they have no choice but to accept the claims of authority, even though they do not know how solid the grounds of those claims may be. Who am I to believe that quantum physics if not Steven Weinberg, or about the solar system if not Carl Sagan? What worries me is that they may believe what Dawkins and Wilson tell them about evolution. ~ Richard Lewontin
As to assertions without adequate evidence, the literature of science is filled with them, especially the literature of popular science writing. Carl Sagan's list of the "best contemporary science-popularizers" includes E.O. Wilson, Lewis Thomas, and Richard Dawkins, each of whom has put unsubstantiated assertions or counterfactual claims at the very center of the stories they have retailed in the market. ~ Richard Lewontin
As we know, there is a great divergence of opinion among biologists, not only about the causes of evolution but even about the actual process. This divergence exists because the evidence is unsatisfactory and does not permit any certain conclusion. It is therefore right and proper to draw the attention of the non-scientific public to the disagreements about evolution. But some recent remarks of evolutionists show that they think this unreasonable. This situation, where scientific men rally to the defense of a doctrine they are unable to define scientifically, much less demonstrate with scientific rigour, attempting to maintain its credit with the public by the suppression of criticism and the elimination of difficulties, is abnormal and undesirable in science. ~ W.R. Thompson
Evolutionists have often protested 'unfair' to quoting an evolutionist as if he were against evolution itself. So let it be said from the outset that the vast majority of authorities quoted are themselves ardent believers in evolution. But that is precisely the point... The foundations of the evolutionary edifice are hardly likely to be shaken by a collection of quotes from the many scientists who are biblical creationists. In a court of law, an admission from a hostile witness is the most valuable. Quoting the evolutionary palaeontologist who admits the absence of in-between forms, or the evolutionary biologist who admits the hopelessness of the mutation/selection mechanism, is perfectly legitimate if the admission is accurately represented in its own right, regardless of whether the rest of the article is full of hymns of praise to all the other aspects of evolution. ~ Andrew Snelling
Coyne complains the book is 'heavily larded' with quotations from evolutionists. This leads into his being upset with being quoted himself, as discussed above. That aside, however. I don't know what to make of this statement. What is a book concerning evolution supposed to contain if not quotes from evolutionists? Quotes from accountants? ~ Michael Behe
One of the ironies of the whole controversy is that it's a stock in trade for the Darwinists to say, 'The critics are religiously motivated and they believe in God and they're throwing their religion at us and they shouldn't be doing that, and they should keep that out of science,' But being religious or antireligious is the same thing: It's a position about religion and God, and it goes beyond the evidence and into very confident assertions that are based more on personal convictions than they are scientific testing. ~ Phillip Johnson
In China we can criticize Darwin but not the government. In America you can criticize the government, but not Darwin. ~ J.Y. Chen
Creationists will have to speak louder. I continue to support those who would like to have their voices heard in biology classes. I encourage the effort to limit the teaching of evolutionary biology until such time as evolutionists encourage a more inclusive participation of students. The very idea of the American Civil Liberties Union conspiring with evolutionary biologists to limit the free speech of the majority of the high school students in this county is grotesque. ~ William Provine
Far more crucial than what we know or do not know is what we do not want to know. ~ Eric Hoffer
It's a funny thing that questions that aren't properly answered don't go away. ~ Paul Nelson
See also: A Layman's Guide to Discussing Evolutionism 2
See also: Problem Solving
See also: Creationism Misquotes
See also: Bias
See also: Slaughter of the Dissidents
See also: Expelled
See also: Dawkins 2
See also: Dealing with the backlash against Intelligent Design
See also: Teaching the Non-Controversy
See also: When telling the truth means telling lies 2
Evolutionism and atheism
Common Objections
What is the evidence?
Intelligent Design
Theory or fact?
Scientists and bias
Evolutionism and scripture
Are Creationists honest?
Audio Video
Works Cited


text:
A virtual number is provided by TAAM to which the client's customers call.
The call is automatically disconnected in a ring, hence the customer is not charged.
The customer is instantly responded to his request and the number is also saved at real-time in the database for further communication.
It is the simplest way to generate a database which is clean and dependable.
It can be used to verify the customer's mobile number on an online shopping store or for customers to register for further updates.
It can also be used to get customer feedback of a product or service provided. We can go on counting the endless solutions it can provide.


text: My low beam isn't working in my ef xr8, however they work when turning on high beam. Tried changing switch, no good. I'd like to change low beam relay but I don't know where it is, so could someone please tell me where it's located or if you have any idea as to the problem please post your thoughts


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Superpi 1m Benchmark Competition
Superpi 1m is a very popular benchmark for testing processor, chipset and memory speed. This is a competition open to all HWC members.
- Please use Superpi Mod v.1.5, here is a link to the download.
- One can be ranked more then once but not in the same cpu category i.e big joe has one score for Intel Core 2 (45nm) and one for Pentium D. If a person posts 2 results in the same cpu category, only the best score will be kept.
- The submitted score must be written as follows:
First line: "Superpi 1m score example 15.853s"
Second line: "Cpu description and clocks i.e Q9550 @ 4ghz or 4000mhz"
Third line: "Memory description"
Fourth line: "Mobo description"
Those are the essential pieces of information but you can add more description as long as it follows the same guidelines as above.
- A valid screenshot is required and must be composed of: Superpi 1m test with the "pi calculation is done" box that appears after the test is completed, cpu-z (cpu tab) and the cpu-z (memory tab).
- Keep the thread as clean as possible. Useless banter can be taken elsewhere. Questions relating to another users overclock or any related items are encouraged as the purpose of this thread is to compare overclocks and results.
- I might add stuff later, but i think we are all mature enough and that the rest is just common sense.
Happy Benching!!
(Kudos to Finch for starting this thread)
Top 15 Overall:
1. G777 - 6.109s
2. 3oh6 - 6.344s
3. Eldonko - 6.422s
4. Supergrover - 7.117s
5. kalvinjones - 7.161s
6. ipaine - 7.191s
7. OneManHitSquad - 7.301s
8. tray - 7.379s
9. nzaneb - 7.594s
10. Ed103194 - 8.000s
10. TomBo - 8.000s
12. LionRed - 8.240s
13. Decky - 8.500s
14. lowfat - 8.547s
15. Avid6eek - 8.674s
Core i7 Ranking:
1. G777 - 6.109s
2. Eldonko - 6.422s
3. Supergrover - 7.117s
4. kalvinjones - 7.161s
5. ipaine - 7.191s
Core i5 Ranking:
1. 3oh6 - 6.344s
2. tray - 7.379s
3. Ed103194 - 8.000s
3. TomBo - 8.000s
5. tragd - 9.050s
Intel Core 2 (45nm) Ranking:
1. 3oh6 - 9.079s
2. hausner - 9.156s
3. enaberif - 9.407s
4. Finch - 9.500s
5. 1Tanker - 10.031s
Intel Core 2 (65nm) Ranking:
1. CanadaRox 11.406s
2. DerrXIII - 12.656s
3. Lemonlime - 12.750s
4. sswilson - 12.766
5. Dr BenD over - 13.407s
Pentium D Ranking:
1. 1Tanker - 25.563s
Phenom II Ranking:
1. MoboHobo - 16.177s
2. LarkStarr - 16.209s
3. Slaughter - 16.380s
4. sswilson - 16.396s
5. Syx005 - 16.676s
Amd 939 Ranking:
1. lemonlime - 25.328s
2. 3oh6 - 25.875s
3. ebdoradz - 28.797s
4. trodas - 37.969
5. lpfan4ever - 42.00s
Pentium 4 Ranking:
1. trodas - 41.297s
2. trodas - 44.078s
This thread was last updated October 4, 2013
Intel e8400 @ 4563mhz
Patriot viper pc8500 @ 507mhz 5-5-5-15
P5E deluxe modded to rampage formula bios
Custom WC with apogee GTZ block
Just thought I'd submit this until I do some real overclocking.
Intel QX9650 @ 4.1GHz
Corsair Dominators PC2-8500 @ 512.5mhz 5-5-5-15
Custom WC with D-Tek Fuzion V2
I'll see what I can get now.
Reserving my spot, too much stuff going on, have to reboot with no processes and redo the superpi run
Can i use my best run(10.031).... from Apr 18/08? :bleh: I hate to have to redo one.:sad: I also have a 10.187 from Oct 5/08. If not, i'll have to pour on the vCore again, and see what i can do. :help:
Edit: Okay...here's my best ever, and i just ran a 10.172 ~ 15 minutes ago... in case you won't accept the older one(which is on HWBot).
-E8400 @ 4644(air-TRUE..lotsa fans :whistle: )
-GA-P35-DS3L(no mods)
-2x1GB Ballistix DDR2 1066 -1032@4-4-4-4 2T
-Seagate 320 SATAII (XP-Pro 32)
-Apr 18/08
-E8400 @ 4590(air-TRUE/120mm TT-95cfm )
-GA-P35-DS3L(no mods)
-2x1GB Ballistix DDR2 1066 -1020@4-4-4-4 2T
-WD800JB-80GB PATA (XP-Pro 32)
-Nov 30/08
Here's a great run (for air) on my Pentium D915. :biggrin:
-PD-915 @ 5068(air-TRUE..lotsa fans :whistle: ) :clap:
-GA-P35-DS3L(no mods)
-2x1GB Ballistix DDR2 1066 -724@3-3-3-6 2T
-Seagate 320 SATAII (XP-Pro 32)
-Apr 12/08
Well I didn't really get anything worth uploading (10.6xx was the best), but I'll throw in 2 sticks of my D9GMH instead of my Corsair 2GB DIMMs. Hopefully once its colder out I can open my window and not worry about heat at all.
hey tanker, how did you manage to run 4-4-4-4 to your memory?
A run I did a few days ago to benchmark the 920.
10.325 secs
i7 920 @ 4011MHz, on Air
3x 1Gb Gskill DDR3-10666, 573MHz (667Mhz stock :blarg:)
I'll play some more tonight. And that 4011MHz is stable 24/7... that's no suicide run.
1 Attachment(s)
Here is what I could do with my Q6600 on air. Didn't tweak the ram much for it.
12.750 seconds
Q6600 @ 4005MHz, on Air @ 1.53V (Noctua NH-U12P)
2x 1Gb Crucial Ballistix PC2-8500
Asus P5K-E
I think it would be more logical to sort the sub-categories by architecture and now cores, since Core 2 Quads and Core 2 Duos have identical core architecture, just one has anther set thrown on which doesn't affect the single-threaded benchmark. Maybe set 65nm to one colour and 45nm to another since the 45nm chips have a fair advantage over the 65nm in SPi.
|All times are GMT -7. The time now is 10:08 PM.


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Review: Trust In Me by J.L. Armentrout writing as J. Lynn
My rating: ★★★★★
Genre: New adult, romance, abuse, contemporary.
Series: Wait For You #1.5
Blurb from Goodreads:
Avery has secrets, secrets that keep her from admitting the feelings Cam knows she has for him. Will persistence (and some delicious homemade cookies) help him break down her barriers and gain her trust? Or will he be shut out of Avery's life, losing his first real shot at the kind of love that lasts forever?
Cameron Hamilton is used to getting what he wants, especially when it comes to women. But when Avery Morgansten comes crashing into his life – literally – he finally meets the one person who can resist his soulful baby blues. But Cam's not ready to give up. He can't get the feisty and intriguing girl out of his head.
My review:
If you want to read or already read this books, you probably loved Wait For You.
Let me tell you, this book is not disappointing AT ALL. I basically fell in love with Cam all over again.
"She's cute, you know?" Ollie bent forward and picked up the last slice of pizza and stood. "Only she could pass out in the presence of our awesomeness."
I laughed softly. "It was too much for her. She was overwhelmed."
Being in his head through the whole book was such an amazing experience.
Oh man, I also want a Cam in my life. I mean, could someone be even MORE perfect than him? Yeah, I don't think so.
He is so sweet and confident. He's such a good person. Yes, he has some flaws, but he recognizes them and that made me love him even more. He's also protective and he bakes. Who doesn't love a boy that bakes cookies and makes eggs for you?
In that moment, I realized I was seeing a very different side of Avery. Once I'd never seen before, where she was lively and carefree, and fucking perfect.
"I'm going to marry that girl one day," I heard myself say.
Jase chocked on his beer and bent over, dragging in deep breaths. "Holy shit."
The other characters were also amazing. Of course Avery was perfect! But I also liked Ollie and Jase! I want to know more about them!
"No, that wasn't a kiss." I brushed my lips over hers, swallowing her sweet sigh. "That was a good night."
Seriously, I don't think JL Armentrout/J. Lynn could disappoint me with one of her books.
PS: BIG thumbs up for the Winchester's Impala reference!! :D
View this on Goodreads here.
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I had these little corners for a while now. I think they look great on the mirror!
Overall the mirror is 15cm tall and 8,5cm wide, made out of 3mm thick pear wood. It's meant to be this large and I got the measurements from a friend, who has one life size, and it's gorgeous!
I painted everything with gesso and then with a black wash. Then I decided the corners could be gilded so I painted those gold, then distressed them and painted another black wash over them. After that I still wasn't satisfied as there was still too much gold showing through. So I painted over them with black acrylics and then dabbed the extra paint off with a paper towel. Turned out quite good actually.
And a close up of the corner.
I thought about doing the whole mirror in gold first and black on top but I really like how it looks now. Although I might just make another one of these. After all, what sort of a respectable witch would be caught dead without magic mirrors! :)
I did find this great tip on one of the blogs how to age the mirror (which is an acrylic mirror sheet) but it looks like I didn't age it enough as the scrapes don't show on the pictures. I think I will definitely need more mirrors!
I also started a cauldron, made from a ping pong ball. So far it's working out ok. Now I need to figure out what to put in it to make it look like liquid. I tried clear glue, but it's not very good. I filled two mini jars one with white glue and the other with clear satin lacquer. Will see if either of these will do.
Well, until next time!


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So far I've only had this sort of mental list of all these needs I'm going to want the condo to fulfill. It's getting hard to remember them all.
- Herbs for cooking
- Coffee corner
- Bar cart
- Reading nook
- Patio's purpose?
Outdoor table? Reading seats? Grill? Plants galore/garden?
- Office space
- Transparent things
- Gold things
- French looking things
- More paintings
- So much greenery/plants
It's been a very long time since an entire space was mine. And it will be a long time yet until that is the case anyway. I'm mildly depressed about this move into the condo. And I haven't really expressed as much to very many people because doing so would seem ungrateful. But truly, I am extremely depressed about this move.
Up until today I hadn't even looked up decor inspiration because I'm just not really feeling it. Or feeling most anything these days for that matter.


text:
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Stuff White People Like named scarves today as #97:
"It is not uncommon to see a white person in jeans, a sweater and a scarf. In fact, it's not a rare occurance [sic] to see a white person in a t-shirt, jeans, and a scarf. Thats right. A thin cotton t-shirt paired with a scarf to enable maximum temperature control in bars and places with air conditioning.
But not all white people wear the scarves for temperature reasons. A well made scarf can be an essential part of a white ensemble, allowing for all-important differentiation from other white people wearing the exact same clothes as them. Thus allowing them to picked out of the crowd for dating or mocking purposes.
'I like the guy in the white American Apparel shirt with the glasses.'
'Which one? there are eight.'
'The guy with the keffiyeh.'
'Oh yeah, you're right. He does look smarter and more political than the other guys. He's clearly more sensitive to wind, so he's probably more sensitive in general. You should totally date him.'"
Sound familiar?


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GP Miguel Induráin
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Grand Prix Miguel Induráin (Spanish: Gran Premio Miguel Induráin) is a Spanish one-day road bicycle race.
|Early April
|Navarre, Spain
|English name
|Grand Prix Miguel Induráin
|Local name(s)
|Gran Premio Miguel Induráin (in Spanish)
|UCI Europe Tour
|Club Ciclista Estella ([1])
|First edition
|First winner
|Hortensio Vidaurreta (ESP)
|Most wins
| Hortensio Vidaurreta (ESP)
Juan Fernández (ESP)
Miguel María Lasa (ESP)
Ángel Vicioso (ESP)
(3 wins)
|Most recent
|Jonathan Hivert (FRA)
The race was inaugurated in 1951, but was limited to local competition. It was rebranded after the Spanish cyclist in 1998. In 2005, the race was upgraded to a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour. For 2007 and 2008 the race was further upgraded to a 1.HC event. These higher grades have attracted an increasingly competitive and international field of racers.
The race often loops through the city of Estella-Lizarra, in the Spanish region of Navarre. The modern race always includes several challenging climbs and thus tends to favor a fast all-rounder, rather than a climber or a pure sprinter.
Hortensio Vidaurreta, Miguel María Lasa, Juan Fernández and Ángel Vicioso share the record for most wins with three each.


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Contact: Mikiko Tanifuji Institution: National Institute for Materials Science
Researchers at Japan's National Institute for Materials Science revealed that improvements should soon be expected in the manufacture of transistors that can be used, for example, to make flexible, paper-thin computer screens.
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were developed to produce low-cost, large-area electronics, such as printable and/or flexible electronic devices.
The review was published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials.
The researchers reported that much progress has been made in the development of light-emitting organic field-effect transistors (LE-OFETs) since they first appeared in 2003.
Research in this area has resulted in advances in the manufacture of novel organic photonics applications using cost-effective approaches. Light emission efficiency and brightness of these transistors will soon improve. And the production of new display technologies is expected to be the result of further research.
LE-OFETs are also expected to become fully compatible with well-established electronic technologies. This may allow further development of optical communication systems and optoelectronic systems, such as those using laser technologies.
LE-OFETs are being used to develop, for example, flexible, transparent computer screens. These screens are purported to provide faster response times, better efficiency, and no need for backlighting. They also have very low energy needs.
Light-receiving organic field-effect transistors (LR-OFETs), on the other hand, are much less developed than their light-emitting siblings. LR-OFETs convert light into electrical signals, opening a way to new optoelectronic devices.
Phototransistors, used in CD players, are an example of such devices that hold much promise. But their durability needs to be improved for them to be used in more flexible applications.
Further development is also required in other kinds of light-receiving OFETs before they can be used in all-plastic computing devices.
Light-receiving organic field-effect transistors could open new frontiers for photonic and electronic devices. Flexible displays, in which all the device components – such as the light-emitting parts, the switching parts, and the substrates – consist of plastic materials have already been developed and will appear on the market in the near future. However, similar memory devices are still lacking. If "plastic memory" is developed, it will open a new frontier.
The researchers found that the performance of devices that incorporate both light-emitting and light-receiving transistors faces several issues. They recommend interdisciplinary collaborations between organic chemists and device physicists for these issues to be resolved. They estimate that it will still be another ten years before all-plastic, flexible computing devices appear on the market.
For more information, contact
Yutaka Wakayama
International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA)
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM) is the leading open access, international journal for outstanding research articles across all aspects of materials science. Click on link below for more information.
Full Image credit:
"Flexible display" by RDECOM - http://www.flickr.com/photos/rdecom/4146880795/. Licensed under CC BY 1.0 via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flexible_display.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Flexible_display.jpg
Associated links
Journal information
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials
Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 15 (2014) 024202
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text:
Thank you for your interest in The Beat Down 2016 – The Final Show.
Our mission is to provide a platform for dancers to showcase their passion for dance, while preserving the hip hop culture, strengthening the dance community and encouraging teamwork and support. Our participants are selected from the best of the best teams so guests can enjoy a very high quality performance. We offer the highest prize award for a competition of this kind because we understand the amount of time, effort, commitment and money that is invested into an amazing set.
We hope that you will enjoy the show as much as we enjoy putting it together.
Date: Sat August 20, 2016
Venue: Ryerson Theatre, 43 Gerrard St E, Toronto
Time: 6:30pm
All Ages Welcome. Doors open at 4:00pm for VIP ticketholders and 5:30pm for general admission
Early Bird: $25.00 (100 tickets)
VIP Package*: $75.00 (100 tickets)
General Admission: $35.00
Admission at Door: $45.00
*VIP Package. The following is included with our VIP Package:
– Admission to the event & VIP seating in our Reserved Section
– Meet, Greet and Mingle with our VIP guests and judges
– Complimentary Beat Down 2016 T-shirt
– VIP Entrance
– Early Access
All other ticket types is treated as on a first come first serve basis.
For questions or inquiries, please email [email protected]
We look forward to another exciting year!
Yours very truly,
The Beat Down Committee


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Editor's Note: Swapper and FSC Academy teacher, Leah, has given us Swap Fever w/ her swap loot recipes of Spiced Nuts, Magic Shell and now for our {drink week}, she gives us Cucumber-Infused Sake. I can tell you from personal experience that the June swap was alive with cucumber sake. Everyone wanted it. So much so, that none of my swap items made the cut when it was time to swap. Doh! -Christina
It's summer, it's hot, and I have more cucumbers than I know what to do with! Some days you just don't feel like turning a cucumber into a pickle, and sometimes you really need a light refreshing drink.
I would like to thank Sherri Brooks Vinton author of Put 'em Up for this simple yet super tasty recipe. I will be honest I didn't veer or add anything much to her recipe because sometimes all you need is a bottle of wine and a cucumber…
Cucumber Sake taste great alone, over ice with a slice of cucumber. That said, I did create two drinks, Cucumber Sake-Tini or Cucumber Sake Cooler, if you want to get fancy and maybe a little frisky try one of these cocktails!
{recipe from Put 'Em UP by Sherri Brooks Vinton}
- 1 bottle Sake
- 2 medium-sized cucumbers peeled and seeded
- Prepare your cucumbers by peeling and seeding them (IMPORTANT: the seeds/skin make the infusion bitter, so take the time to do these steps).
- Grate the cucumbers or finely mince if you like to use your knife skills.
- Put cucumber, Sake and any juices in a container and cover.
- Refrigerate overnight if possible. If you haven't planned ahead, now worries, it will taste good after a few hours.
- Remove infusion from refrigerator and strain out cucumber pieces.
- Store in refrigerator for up to 1 week.
2oz Vodka or Gin
2oz Cucumber Sake
Splash Vermouth
Cucumber slice garnish
Poor over ice shake and strain into glass.
4oz Cucumber Sake
1oz St. Germain
Cucumber slice garnish
Top with club soda and serve over ice.


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September is one of my favorite months of the year. In New York, New England and Quebec, where I spend a lot of time, the weather cools down perfectly while the foliage stays lush and colorful.
Last September, I had the pleasure of photographing Elisabeth and Peter's gorgeous wedding at Stonover Farm in the Berkshires. It was a drizzly day, but the warmth and love really shone through in Elisabeth and Peter's photographs.


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Hughes, Botha clinch bonus point for Redbacks
South Australia 8 for 248 (Hughes 114, Botha 55*, Krejza 4-58) defeated Tasmania 166 (Botha 4-29, Haberfield 3-35) by 82 runs
A sturdy century by Phillip Hughes and a striking all-round display from Johan Botha lifted South Australia to a bonus-point victory over Tasmania in Hobart, the Redbacks' second consecutive limited overs win.
On a sluggish pitch, the off-season recruits Hughes and Botha guided the visitors to 8 for 248, a tally that was to prove far too steep for the Tigers as the Redbacks delivered a beguiling combination of pace and spin.
Hughes survived a difficult chance to the Tigers' wicketkeeper Tim Paine on 24 but otherwise showed power, poise and a wide stroke range on a surface most other batsmen found difficult to get comfortable on.
Botha's stand of 76 with Hughes ensured SA would post a strong total after the innings had slipped to 5 for 142 against a decent spin spell from Jason Krejza. Ben Hilfenhaus shared the new ball with Krejza and nipped out Michael Klinger early but was hit about Bellerive by Hughes in later stints at the crease.
Tasmania's reply began well enough, but turned when Tim Paine's flat pull shot was smartly held on the midwicket fence by Hughes. Two balls later Jake Haberfield pinned George Bailey on the crease, and added a critical third when Ricky Ponting drove to wide mid off.
Botha, Dan Chrisitan and the economical Nathan Lyon constricted the remainder of the innings, wickets falling regularly as the Tigers' chase petered out well short.