text:
General Motors 60° V6 engine
|General Motors 60° V6 engine
|General Motors
|Also called
|X engine
1980-2010 (China)
|Cylinder bore
|Piston stroke
|Block material
|Cast iron
|Head material
|Compression ratio
|9.5:1, 9.6:1
|Only on LG5
|Fuel system
|Fuel type
|Gasoline, M85, E85
|Oil system
|Wet sump
|Cooling system
|Power output
|102–215 hp (76–160 kW)
|Torque output
|135–225 lb⋅ft (183–305 N⋅m)
The General Motors 60° V6 engine family is a series of 60° V6 engines which were produced for both longitudinal and transverse applications. All of these engines are 12-valve cam-in-block or overhead valve engines, except for the LQ1; which uses 24 valves driven by dual overhead cams, instead. These engines vary in displacement between 2.5 and 3.4 litres (2,490 and 3,350 cc) and have a cast-iron block and either cast-iron or aluminum heads. Production of these engines began in 1980 and ended in 2005 in the U.S., with production continued in China until 2010. This engine family was the basis for the GM High Value engine family. Some refer to these engines as X engines due to first usage in the X-body cars.
This engine is in no way related to the GMC V6 engine that was designed for commercial vehicle usage.
- 1 Generation I
- 2 Generation II
- 3 Generation III
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Generation I[edit]
The first generation of modern small GM 60° V6 engines featured an iron block and heads with inline valves. This "clean sheet" design was introduced in 1980 and versions were produced through 1995. Two different blocks with minor differences were developed:
- A transverse engine family for front-wheel drive
- A longitudinal engine family for rear-wheel drive
The transverse engines began the 60° family in 1980. Like the rest of the Generation I engines, they were updated in 1985 with larger main journals for durability, along with multi-point fuel injection or E2SE carb and OBD I. Production of the Generation I transverse engines ended in 1986.
The 2.8 L (2,837 cc) LE2 was the first version of the 60° engine. It was a transverse version produced from 1980 through 1986 for the A-body and X-body cars. The standard ("X-code") engine for this line, it used a two-barrel carburetor. Output was 115 hp (86 kW) for 1980 and '81 112 hp (84 kW) for 1982-86 and 135 lb⋅ft (183 N⋅m). Bore was 89 mm (3.5 in) and stroke was 76 mm (2.99 in).
- 1980–1985 Buick Skylark
- 1986 Buick Century
- 1986 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera & Cutlass Cruiser
- 1980–1984 Oldsmobile Omega
- 1980–1984 Pontiac Phoenix
- 1980–1985 Chevrolet Citation
- 1982–1986 Pontiac 6000
- 1982–1986 Chevrolet Celebrity
Introduced in 1981, the 2.8 L (2,837 cc) LH7 was a High Output ("Z-code") version of the LE2 for the higher-performance X-cars like the Chevrolet Citation X-11 and higher-performance A-cars like the Pontiac 6000 STE. It still used a two-barrel carburetor and produced 135 hp (101 kW) and 165 lb⋅ft (224 N⋅m) for 1981 and 145 lb⋅ft (197 N⋅m) for 1982-1984 versions. The LH7 was replaced after 1984 with the MFI L44.
- 1982–1984 Buick Skylark T-Type
- 1982–1984 Oldsmobile Omega SX
- 1982–1984 Pontiac Phoenix SJ
- 1981–1984 Chevrolet Citation X-11
- 1984 Chevrolet Celebrity (optional on first year Eurosport)
- 1983–1984 Pontiac 6000 STE
- 1989–1991 Isuzu Trooper/Trooper II
The L44 was produced from 1985 to 1988, replacing the LH7. It was the first transverse 2.8 L (2,837 cc) to use multiport fuel injection, and was a High Output ("9-code") engine option for the higher performance A-cars, X-cars, and Pontiac Fiero. This engine produced 140 hp (104 kW) at 5200 rpm and 170 lb⋅ft (230 N⋅m) of torque at 3600 rpm.[1][2][3][4] This engine's camshaft and cylinder heads were later reused in the L32 3.4 L (3,350 cc).4-L engine.
- 1985–1988 Pontiac Fiero
- 1985–1986 Pontiac 6000 STE
- 1985–1986 Chevrolet Celebrity Eurosport
- 1985 Chevrolet Citation X-11
The LB6 engine was introduced in 1985 to replace the original LE2. It used multiport fuel injection and produced 130 hp (97 kW).
- 1985–1986 Cadillac Cimarron
- 1985–1986 Chevrolet Cavalier
- 1985 Chevrolet Citation
- 1985 Buick Skylark (sedan)
- 1985-1986 Chevrolet Celebrity
- 1985-1986 Pontiac 6000
- 1985–1986 Oldsmobile Firenza
The LG6 ("D-code") was produced from 1990 to 1996 in both transverse and longitudinal applications. It used throttle-body fuel injection and iron heads. It produced 120 hp (89 kW) and 170 lb⋅ft (230 N⋅m).
- 1990–1995 Chevrolet Lumina APV
- 1990–1995 Oldsmobile Silhouette
- 1990–1995 Pontiac Trans Sport
- 1991–1994 Isuzu Pickup
- 1991–1992 Isuzu Rodeo
The longitudinal versions had minor differences from the transverse engines on which they were based. This group appeared in 1982 with the LC1 and LR2 and never added the aluminum heads of the Generation II engines.
Like the rest of the family, larger journals appeared in 1985, along with multiport fuel injection for the F-body LB8 version. TBI was added for the truck version in 1986.
A 3.1 L (3,135 cc) version was added in 1990 with an 8 mm (0.3 in) longer stroke, and a 3.4 L (3,350 cc) appeared for 1993 with a 92 mm (3.6 in) bore and SFI. Production of the 2.8 and 3.1 L (2,837 and 3,135 cc) (Isuzu) engines ended in 1994. Production ended for all longitudinal 60° V6s in 1996, though GM's performance-parts division continued production of a related crate engine after 1999.
The longitudinal LC1 was produced from 1982 to 1984. It was a 2-barrel High Output ("1-code") version for the F-body cars. Output was 102 hp (76 kW) and 145 lb⋅ft (197 N⋅m). It was replaced by the LB8 for 1985.
- 1982–1984 Chevrolet Camaro
- 1982–1984 Pontiac Firebird
The longitudinal LR2 was a truck version ("B-code") produced from 1982 to 1990. It used a two-barrel carburetor and produced 115 hp (86 kW) and 150 lb⋅ft (203 N⋅m).
- 1982–1986 Chevrolet S-10/Chevrolet S-10 Blazer
- 1982–1986 GMC S-15/GMC S-15 Jimmy
- 1984–1986 Jeep Cherokee
- 1986 Jeep Comanche
The longitudinal LL1 was a high-output version of the LC1 produced in 1983 and 1984. It was an optional ("L-code") engine on the Pontiac Firebird with 125 hp (93 kW). It was used in the 1983–1984 Pontiac Firebird.
The carbureted LL2 ("R-code") was produced from 1982 to 1988. Another LL2 ("R-code") with throttle-body fuel injection was produced from 1986 to 1993. Output of the TBI version was 125 hp (93 kW). Applications:
- 1986–1993 Chevrolet S-10/Chevrolet S-10 Blazer
- 1986–1993 GMC S-15/GMC S-15 Jimmy
- 1989–1991 Isuzu Trooper
The LB8 ("S-code") replaced the LC1 in 1985 and was produced until 1989. It used multiport fuel injection and was made for longitudinal mounting. Output was 135 hp (101 kW) and 165 lb⋅ft (224 N⋅m).
- 1985–1989 Chevrolet Camaro
- 1985–1989 Pontiac Firebird
The LH0 as used in the rear-wheel drive applications differed significantly from that used in front-wheel drive applications. The latter still retains the generation-I architecture block and heads. Output was 140 hp (104 kW) and 180 lb⋅ft (244 N⋅m).
- 1990–1992 Chevrolet Camaro
- 1990–1992 Pontiac Firebird
- 1990-1992 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera S , Iraq version
The power rating of the 3.4 L (3,350 cc) L32 ("S-code") used in the Camaro and Firebird was 160 hp (119 kW) at 4,600 rpm and 200 lb⋅ft (271 N⋅m) torque at 3600 rpm. The F-body cars used the Generation I architecture, with iron heads, and without splayed valves.
- 1993–1994 Chevrolet Camaro (California models)[5]
- 1993–1995 Chevrolet Camaro
- 1993–1994 Pontiac Firebird (California models)[5]
- 1993–1995 Pontiac Firebird
Generation II[edit]
The second generation, still 2.8 litres (2,837 cc), was introduced in 1987. It used aluminum heads with splayed valves and an aluminum front cover. It was produced exclusively for transverse, front-wheel drive use.
The next year, Chevrolet introduced a full-production long-stroke 3.1 L; 191.3 cu in (3,135 cc) version in the Pontiac 6000 STE AWD, due to an 89 mm (3.5 in) bore and 84 mm (3.31 in) stroke compared to the 2.8 which shared the same bore, however with a 76 mm (2.99 in) in stroke. It was produced simultaneously with the 2.8 L (2,837 cc) in various compact and midsized vehicles until 1990, when the 2.8 L (2,837 cc) was dropped. MPFI was used on both, and a full-production turbo version was available on the 3.1 L (3,135 cc). An even higher displacement DOHC 3.4 L (3,350 cc) LQ1 was also developed, and eventually, the new GM High Value engine family followed. Production of OHV Generation II engines ended in 1994 after the introduction of the Generation III in 1993.
The 2.8 L (2,837 cc) 60° V6 was used in these vehicles:
- 1988–1989 Buick Regal
- 1987–1989 Chevrolet Beretta
- 1987–1989 Chevrolet Cavalier Z24
- 1990–1994 Mexican Chevrolet Cavalier
- 1987–1989 Chevrolet Corsica
- 1987–1989 Pontiac 6000
- 1988–1989 Pontiac Grand Prix
- 1987–1989 Chevrolet Celebrity
- 1987–1989 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera
- 1987–1989 Buick Century
- 1988-1989 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
The 3.1 L (3,135 cc) 60° V6 was used in these vehicles:
- 1994–2005 Buick Century
- 1989–1996 Buick Regal
- 1994–1998 Buick Skylark
- 1990–1996 Chevrolet Beretta
- 1990–1994 Chevrolet Cavalier
- 1990 Chevrolet Celebrity
- 1990–1996 Chevrolet Corsica
- 1994–1998 Oldsmobile Achieva
- 1989–1997 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
- 1994–1996 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera
- 1988–1991 Pontiac 6000 (STE & LE, but primarily for STE)
- 1994–1998 Pontiac Grand Am
- 1989–2003 Pontiac Grand Prix
- 1991–1994 Pontiac Sunbird
The LH0 ("T-code") was introduced in 1988 on the Pontiac 6000 STE AWD. It featured a more exotic (for the time) multiport fuel injection. While not known for its high-rpm power, the LH0 has strong low- and mid-range torque. It was produced until 1994 (1996 for the Mexican market) and was exported in some models. This engine produced 135 hp (101 kW) and 180 lb⋅ft (244 N⋅m) of torque from 1988–1989, then upgraded to 140 hp (104 kW) at 4800 rpm and 185 lb⋅ft (251 N⋅m) of torque at 3600 rpm.
- 1988–1991 Pontiac 6000 (Introduced on AWD STE only in 1988-89, became available for other models in 1990 to replace the 2.8 V6)
- 1990-1992 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera
- 1990 Chevrolet Celebrity
- mid-1989–1993 Pontiac Grand Prix
- mid-1989–mid-1993 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
- mid-1989–1993 Buick Regal
- 1990–1993 Chevrolet Beretta
- 1990–1993 Chevrolet Corsica
- 1990–1994 Chevrolet Lumina
- 1990–1994 Chevrolet Cavalier
- 1991–1994 Pontiac Sunbird
- 1990–1996 Chevrolet Cutlass (Mexico)[citation needed]
- 1990–1996 Chevrolet Century (Mexico)[citation needed]
The L64 ("W-code") was introduced in 1991 as flexible-fuel version of the 3.1 L (3,135 cc). The two versions were one that could run M85 and one that could run E85.
- 1991-1993 Chevrolet Lumina VFV[6][7]
- 1992-1993 Chevrolet Lumina E85 VFV[8]
The LG5 ("V-code") was a special 3.1 L (3,135 cc) turbocharged engine produced with McLaren for just two years, 1989 and 1990. It featured the same multiport fuel injection intake manifolds and throttle body as the LH0, but cranked out 205 hp (153 kW) at 5200 rpm and 225 lb⋅ft (305 N⋅m) of torque at 2100 rpm. Around 3,700 engines were produced each year. This engine had a block with more nickel content and hardened internals. This engine is notable, along with other GM turbo engines of the era (such as that found in the Typhoon/Syclone), for the ease with which significant performance gains can be realized with relatively simple modifications.
- 1989–1990 Pontiac Grand Prix Turbo
- 1990 Pontiac Grand Prix Turbo STE
The LQ1 (also called the Twin Dual Cam or TDC) was a 3.4 L (3,350 cc) DOHC V6 engine ("X-code") based on the aluminum-headed second generation of GM's 60° engine line, sharing a similar block with its pushrod cousins, the 3.1 L LH0 V6 and the then recently retired 2.8 L (2,837 cc) LB6 V6. The engine was built only for front-wheel drive applications, and was featured exclusively in the first generation of GM's W-body platform.
It was built from 1991 to 1997. From 1991 to 1993, it used tuned multiport fuel injection, made 200–210 hp (149–157 kW) at 5200 rpm and 215 lb⋅ft (292 N⋅m) of torque at 4000 rpm. From 1994 to 1997, it used sequential port fuel injection, making 210 hp (157 kW) at 5200 rpm and 215 lb⋅ft (292 N⋅m) of torque at 4000 rpm. In 1996, the heads were redesigned for better flow, as well as now making the engine an interference design and adapting the engine for federally mandated OBDII emissions. Output for the 1996-1997 LQ1 is 215 hp (160 kW) and 220 lb⋅ft (298 N⋅m). It had four large valves per cylinder. The 3.4 L (3,350 cc) engine used a cogged belt to drive the four overhead camshafts and a chain to drive the intermediate shaft, which is mounted in the same slot where the camshaft would go in on any of the pushrod engines in the 60-degree family. Adapting a pushrod block for the LQ1's overhead cams was difficult, and the 60° angle made this a very tall engine. The power output for this engine was impressive during its time. However, this engine has never been well liked by auto mechanics, because important maintenance such as spark plug and timing belt changes is very troublesome, especially on later models. Spark plug changes for the three rear cylinders are thought by some to require removing the upper intake manifold when performed as directed by factory service manual, and timing belt changes have a labor rate of 5 hours as opposed to 2-3 for a typical belt-driven engine. In fact, cylinders 1, 3, and 5 spark plugs can be changed by removing the crosswise stabilizer bar from atop strut towers, and using proper socket extensions and a mirror. Timing belt procedure has been posted to You Tube with some labor-saving tips.
Bore was increased to 92 mm (3.6 in), but the 3.1 L (3,135 cc) engine's 84 mm (3.31 in) stroke was retained. Only a few interchangeable parts are use between this DOHC engine and other members of the 60° family, namely the connecting rods and crankshaft.
The heads and intake manifolds were redesigned for the 1996 model year, incorporating a larger throttle body and plenum area, slightly longer intake runners, cloverleaf combustion chambers, and larger "pill"-shaped exhaust ports. Camshafts and cam timing were also revised for the new, higher-rpm powerband.
Optional from 1991 to 1993 was a Getrag 284 five-speed manual transaxle, which was also exclusive to the GM W platform and was available only with the LQ1; parts for the Getrag 284 are not available. The electronically controlled Hydramatic 4T60-E four-speed automatic transaxle was the alternative, used during the entire production run with the exception of the 1997 Monte Carlo Z34 and 1997 Lumina LTZ, which received the 4T65-E.
Interchange: The 1991–1993 models were multiport injection, and had a single crank sensor for computer timing. The 1994-1995 models used the same long block, but had different cam carriers and timing cover. The 1996–1997 models used a modified version of the same short block and had different heads. Due to the lack of sensors needed for the newer computer systems, the '91-'93 motors cannot be used in later models.
- 1991–1994 Chevrolet Lumina Z34 and the Euro 3.4 sedan
- 1991–1996 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
- 1991–1996 Pontiac Grand Prix
- 1995–1997 Chevrolet Monte Carlo Z34
- 1995–1996 Chevrolet Lumina LS
Generation III[edit]
The third generation of the 60° engine was introduced in the 1993 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme.[citation needed] Like its predecessors, it continued to use an overhead valve configuration with two valves per cylinder, a cast-iron cylinder block, aluminum cylinder heads, and an aluminum intake manifold.[9] However, the heads and intake manifold were redesigned for better air flow[citation needed], the cylinder block was stiffened[citation needed], and the flat-tappets of the generation I and II engines were replaced with roller tappets.[9] This generation also came standard with sequential multiport fuel injection[9] and structural oil pan.[citation needed]
From the mid-1990s to 2003, these engines had failure-prone intake manifold gaskets, which could cause coolant leakage often leading to engine failure. In 2002, a technical service bulletin (TSB - #02-06-01-014) was issued to recommend RTV sealant applied during gasket replacement. Another TSB was issued to change the design of replacement gaskets intended to remedy deterioration of the nylon/silicone material of the original gasket.
Tell-tale signs of such eventual related damage are a white foam that appears on the inside of the oil filler cap and the gradually increasing loss of antifreeze coolant (due to seepage into the intake passages, which will lead to engine lock-up failure in such cases). External seepage is also found near the valley edge of the lower intake manifold. These engines are also known for problematic EGR valves in which carbon build-up occurs very rapidly, therefore reducing gas mileage drastically, but without affecting the reliability of the engine.[citation needed]
3.1 L/3100[edit]
The L82 ("M-code") was an updated, SFI replacement for the MPFI LH0, produced from 1993 through 1999. It featured a structural oil pan, a stiffer redesigned engine block, sequential fuel injection, and revised aluminum heads. Output for the L82 was up 20 hp (15 kW), over the previous Gen II LH0, to 160 hp (119 kW) at 5200 rpm and 185 lb⋅ft (251 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm. Compression ratio for the L82 was 9.5:1 and the bore measured 89 mm (3.5 in), while the stroke was 84 mm (3.31 in) giving it a displacement of 3.1 L; 191.3 cu in (3,135 cc). Applications:
- 1994–1999 Buick Century
- 1994–1996 Buick Regal
- 1994–1996 Chevrolet Beretta
- 1994–1996 Chevrolet Corsica
- 1995–1999 Chevrolet Lumina
- 1997–1999 Chevrolet Malibu
- 1993–1997 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme (1993 received both LH0 and L82 3.1 L (3,135 cc) motors)
- 1994–1996 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera
- 1997–1999 Oldsmobile Cutlass GLS
- 1994–1999 Pontiac Grand Prix
- 1994–1998 Pontiac Grand Am
- 1994–1998 Buick Skylark
- 1994–1998 Oldsmobile Achieva
- 1995–1999 Chevrolet Monte Carlo
The LG8 ("J-code") was an updated version of the engine that displaced 3.1 L (3,135 cc).[10] It still had an iron block and two-valve pushrod aluminum heads and full sequential port fuel injection. The LG8 also featured a new intake manifold and numerous changes to improve parts-sharing with the larger-displacement LA1 3400. Emissions were improved with secondary air injection and it earned LEV status. The engine featured a 89 mm (3.5 in) bore and a 84 mm (3.31 in) stroke and a 9.6:1 compression ratio. It produced 170–175 hp (127–130 kW) and 190–195 lb⋅ft (258–264 N⋅m). The LG8 was built in Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico and Tonawanda, New York.
- 2000–2003 Pontiac Grand Prix SE
- 2000–2005 Buick Century
- 1999–2003 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2000–2001 Chevrolet Lumina (Fleet sales only in 2000 and 2001)
The LA1 or 3400 ("E-code") was a larger-bore version of the L82 (note that an L82 cannot be bored out to match the 3.4). It was first used on the 1996 U-platform minivans.[citation needed] It displaces 3,350 cc (3.4 L; 204.4 cu in) and has 92 mm × 84 mm (3.62 in × 3.31 in) bore and stroke with a 9.5:1 compression ratio.[9] Emissions are controlled via a catalytic converter and exhaust gas recirculation; however, the Pontiac Aztek and Buick Rendezvous do not use the latter.[9] Fuel shut-off is at 6000 rpm. Starting around 2000, most vehicles are equipped with GM's Engine Oil Life Monitor.[9] This engine was assembled at both Tonawanda engine and the Mexican Ramos Arizpe engine plant.[9]
|Dyno chart
|170 hp (127 kW) at 4700 rpm
|200 lb⋅ft (271 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm
|175 hp (130 kW) at 4700 rpm
|205 lb⋅ft (278 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm
|180 hp (134 kW) at 5200 rpm
|185 hp (138 kW) at 5200 rpm
|210 lb⋅ft (285 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm
- 1996 Chevrolet Lumina APV
- 1997-2005 Chevrolet Venture
- 1996-2004 Oldsmobile Silhouette
- 1996-1998 Pontiac Trans Sport
- 1999-2005 Pontiac Montana
- 1999-2004 Oldsmobile Alero
- 1999-2005 Pontiac Grand Am
- 2000-2005 Chevrolet Impala
- 2000-2005 Chevrolet Monte Carlo
- 2001-2005 Pontiac Aztek
- 2002-2005 Buick Rendezvous
Production of the 60° family began in China with the success of the Buick marque there. Importation of Chinese-built engines to the United States began in 2004 with the LNJ found in the Chevrolet Equinox.
The LB8 is General Motors' base V6 in China. It is a derivative of the LG8 with the same 89 mm (3.5 in) bore and a shorter 66.7 mm (2.6 in) stroke for 2.5 L (2,490 cc). It is still an iron block with pushrods and an aluminum two-valve head. Power is 145 hp (108 kW) and 155 lb⋅ft (210 N⋅m). It is built by Shanghai GM in Shanghai, China.
The LW9 is a larger version of the LB8 with an 80 mm (3.1 in) stroke for 3.0 L (2,986 cc). Power is 170 hp (127 kW) and torque is 185 lb⋅ft (251 N⋅m).
The 3.4 L; 204.4 cu in (3,350 cc) modified version of the normal 3400 engine. It includes a modified intake manifold, oil pan, engine cover, and fuel system, as well as electronic throttle control. It is built in China and imported to Canada for use in the Chevrolet Equinox and Pontiac Torrent. The LNJ makes 185 hp (138 kW) and 210 lb⋅ft (285 N⋅m).[11]
- 2005-2009 Chevrolet Equinox
- 2006-2009 Pontiac Torrent
See also[edit]
- GM High Value engine - the new generation of the GM 60° V6, including the "3900" and variable valve timing-enhanced engines
- General Motors 90° V6 engine
- GM engines
- List of GM bellhousing patterns#GM metric pattern
- ^ 1984 General Motors, "Pontiac Fiero 1985 Do-It-Yourself" Manual, pg 3-2
- ^ 1985 General Motors, "Pontiac Fiero 1986 Do-It-Yourself" Manual, pg 3-2
- ^ 1986 General Motors, "1987 Pontiac Fiero Owner's Manual", pg 6-5
- ^ 1987 General Motors, "1988 Pontiac Fiero Owner's Manual", pg 6-4
- ^ a b Buick V6 engine#L36 Naturally Aspirated
- ^ Hyden, David (November 25, 1990). "`Flexible-fuel` Lumina Goes For Real-world Test". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ "Cars On Alcohol, Part 1: M85 Methanol Emerges". Green Car Journal Editors. greencar.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ "Cars On Alcohol, Part 13: GM Supports FlexFuel". Green Car Journal Editors. greencar.com. 2007-10-13. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "GM Powertrain Car Engines 2005". Media.gm.com. Archived from the original on March 25, 2008. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
- ^ [1] Archived April 27, 2004, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "GM Media Online: Pontiac". Media.gm.com. 2007-08-01. Archived from the original on October 9, 2008. Retrieved 2009-06-19.
- Road and Track Magazine, April 1989. (1989-1990 Turbo Grand Prix performance figures)
- 1995 Corsica/Beretta Service Manual, 1994, General Motors Corporation (Gen III/L82 Engine's usage in Corsica/Beretta)
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to General Motors 60° V6 engine.


text:
LocationSalt Lake City, UT
14295 Minuteman Dr.
Draper, UT 84020
New 2018 Thor Motor Coach Synergy SD24
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Stock# 169502
Chassis: Mercedes Benz Sprinter 3500
|25 ft 1 in
|Int Height
|6 ft 8 in
|Hitch Weight
|5000 lbs
|Furnace BTU
|30000 btu
|Onan RV QG 3600 LP
|Fuel Type
|Mercedes Benz Sprinter 3500
|188 hp
|170.3 in
|Number Of Bunks
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General RV Utah is not responsible for any misprints, typos, or errors found in our website pages. Any price listed excludes sales tax, registration tags, and delivery fees. Manufacturer-provided pictures, specifications and features may be used as needed. Inventory shown may be only a partial listing of the entire inventory. Please contact us at 801-307-1085 for availability as our inventory changes rapidly. All calculated payments are an estimate only and do not constitute a commitment that financing or a specific interest rate or term is available.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
What does the European Union have to do with the Tower of Babel in Genesis 11, the Whorish Woman Riding the Beast in Revelation 17, a false Greek deity named Zeus and a satanic dedication ceremony of a new tunnel through the Alps? You might be completely stunned by the answer.
I don't claim to understand the political, economic and sociological fallout of Britain being—or not being—a member of the European Union. I have my opinions, but I am not versed enough in the details to write about those aspects.
However, I do believe that the favor and blessing of God could very well follow the Brexit decision. Why would I make such a claim?
God warns against evil alliances. 2 Corinthians 6:14 cautions, "Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership has righteousness with lawlessness? Or what fellowship has light with darkness?" Any nation partnering with the European Union is yoked with lawlessness. Why would I make such an assertion? Dare to read on.
Trending: Demand Justice! Obama and Hillary BOTH Got Caught Committing Imprisonable Offenses and NO ONE IN OUR GOVT CARES!!!
Look closely at this picture of the headquarters of the European Union in Strasbourg, France, in contrast to the famous 1563 picture of the Tower of Babel by the Flemish Northern Renaissance Painter, Pieter Brueghel the Elder. Apparently, the designers of the EU headquarters intentionally tried to mirror the appearance of scaffolding and an unfinished top to make this modern building look like the infamous and partially constructed tower that suffered the judgment of God thousands of years ago.
God told Noah's offspring to fill the earth and replenish it, but instead, Nimrod forged a seven-city kingdom and pulled the people to a central location. They also came up with a grandiose plan, saying, "Let us build ourselves a city, and a tower whose top is in the heavens; let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be scattered abroad over the face of the whole earth" (Gen. 11:4). God brought a swift end to their agenda, dividing their languages and scattering them abroad.
Erecting a building in the shape of the Tower of Babel is an audacious way of saying to the Creator, "We don't care whether You disapproved of the original Tower of Babel or not. We intend to build it again and unite all nations under our control." In other words, "We will undo what You did and return to the original plan." What leaders in their right mind would choose to be associated with such a vile insult being hurled toward King of heaven?
If the reintroduction of the Tower of Babel is not enough to trouble your spirit, look at the main emblem of the European Union that is boldly displayed in front of an EU headquarters building in Brussels, Belgium. This piece of metal artwork is in the shape of Europa, a Greek goddess, riding a bull (a beast) that represented the false Greek deity Zeus. Do some research on the original myth and you will find out that Zeus, attracted to Europa's beauty, morphed into the form of a white bull, then laid down at Europa's feet. After she climbed on him, he plunged into the sea and raped her. It is all an occult picture, with deep spiritual implications, of what the EU leaders have planned to do. By the way, the name Europa is where the word Europe came from.
Yes, politically, financially and sociologically, Europe has been 'raped' by the unelected elite of this organization that apparently, from the beginning, have purposed that the EU be a major step toward the goal of world domination and global unity. The fact that they used the symbol of a whorish woman riding a beast, plainly drawn from Revelation 17, as their symbolic emblem is a blatant, in-your-face admission of their evil and satanically-driven intent.
As I was researching these things, I came across a website called "Signs of the Last Days" with a lot of useful information. The writer tied the EU together with the beast of Revelation 17 with the following words:
That beast in the book of Revelation represents the world government led by the Antichrist. By so prominently using the symbol of a woman riding the beast, the global elite are very clearly communicating that they are connected with this coming Beast system. They know what the Bible says when they use symbols like this. It seems like they are almost bragging about it.
You see, the elitists at the very top of the pyramid are hardcore Luciferians. They also know that Antichrist is coming, and they plan to serve him. They believe that they are actually going to win in the end. They have confidence in their "god" just as we have confidence in our God.
Satan has deceived himself into believing that he can win this thing in the end and he has deceived his followers into believing the same thing. Such a thing seems inconceivable to Christians – but this is what hardcore Luciferians actually believe.
In fact, one thing that is common among the Luciferian global elite is a compulsion to tell us exactly what they are about to do. In this case, they are very open about the fact that not only do they intend to deceive and subjugate Europe, but they intend to do the same to all of humanity.
A Euro coin released in Greece depicts the ancient myth of Europa (from which we get the word "Europe") riding the bull ("the beast"). [Below]
A phone card depicting the European Union as a whorish woman riding a beast. [Below]
A poster advertising the EU uses the inverted pentagram for stars, a known symbol of Satan. Notice the people are depicted with square-shaped heads, symbolizing robotic-like control of the masses. [Below]
Last year (June 1, 2016), the Gotthard Tunnel in Switzerland was dedicated with a full-blown satanic celebration, filled with occult symbolism and explicit sexual perversion. Just do a search on the internet for this event and you can watch the mind-blowing and blatant demonstration of evil imagery. But what does this have to do with the EU? The goal behind this 17-year project, opening up a 35-mile long tunnel in the Swiss Alps, is apparently a bigger purpose than providing a seamless high speed rail trip from the Dutch city of Rotterdam to the city of Genoa on Italy's seacoast.
The dedication of the first stage of this project was attended by many political, business and financial leaders from across Europe, including Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, Switzerland's President Johann Schneider-Ammann, Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel and France's previous President Francois Hollande. This is an indication of a bigger picture, a New World Order agenda, a unifying goal in mind that will affect key nation-members of the EU.
So the conclusion is, yes, it is a good thing that Britain exited the European Union (even though their reasons were probably not spiritual). Hopefully, they will abide by this decision, but more importantly, may there be national repentance and a turn back to biblical principles that have so permeated the British culture in decades and centuries past. Pray that this will happen. If Britain maintains its anti-EU position, it could be a serious stalling deterrent to the progress of the New World Order and may buy more time for the advance of the Gospel of the kingdom in this world before Jesus returns.
*Note: some of the information in this article was obtained from:
- www.trunews.com
- http://signsofthelastdays.com/archives/europe-rides-the-beast-official-eu-symbols-tells-us-what-the-elite-plan-to-do-to-all-of-humanity
*Information on ultimate plan of Gotthard Tunnel found on http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/02/world/europe/gotthard-base-rail-tunnel-switzerland.html
The opinions expressed by columnists are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Barb Wire.


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Consider making an annual fund gift to support the essential reproductive health care that is happening across our affiliate. Your gift will directly impact the over 35,000 people served by our medical centers each year. You can make an Annual Fund Gift in the following ways:
Credit Card: We accept Mastercard, VISA, and American Express. Please call 610-709-6061
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Quinoa Recipe to Cure Breast Cancer
Quinoa, a pseudo-grain, is a simple seed that can be a great addition to a meal. It can be eaten in various recipes, including this Quinoa recipe to cure breast cancer.
Quinoa is gluten-free and can be eaten hot or cold and can be sweetened or salted to create various dishes. It contains protein, calcium, phosphorous, iron, magnesium and protein.
Cooking is Simple
Put two cups of water on to boil. Add one cup of Quinoa and a pinch of salt. Cook on medium to low heat with a cover. Stir as it cooks. It should be 10 to 15 minutes total to cook. Heat one tablespoon of coconut oil into a separate pan and cook one onion, two garlic cloves, three celery stalks, one large carrot and one cup of broccoli florets. Saute to heat through and soften the onion, then add to quinoa. This meal can feed four people.
Since the recipe includes not only quinoa but also broccoli and garlic, it has a lot of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. This in turn can help the body fight off conditions like breast cancer and can also reduce the pain associated with arthritis and other conditions. It can be simply a matter of adding quinoa to your daily diet.
Benefits of Quinoa
Quinoa contains protein, fiber, magnesium, phosphorous, folate and copper. It also contains iron, zinc and potassium, as well as over 1/10 of the daily recommendation of Vitamins B1, B2 and B6.
The seed also has flavonoids, or plant antioxidants that are anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-cancer properties when studied based on their effects on animals.
Quinoa is naturally gluten-free and increases the antioxidants and nutrients that people who follow a gluten-free diet need in order to stay healthy. It also has a low glycemic index and is high in carbohydrates, which means better maintained energy and blood sugar levels for those who consume it.
Metabolic health has also been shown to improve greatly when people consume quinoa, as it reduces blood sugar, insulin and triglyceride levels and also helps negate the effects of fructose if an individual has a diet high in fructose.
Because it is high in protein, Quinoa increases the metabolism and also reduces appetite. It contains fiber that helps the body feel full for longer, thus helping avoid cravings and junk food binges. It also helps with weight loss due to these qualities.
The versatility of quinoa means it can be added to dishes for any meal. It is also can be found easily in supermarkets. Cleaning quinoa is not complex, although it is advisable to rinse the seed with water to get rid of the saponins on the outer layer, as they cause a bitter flavor when consumed.
Quinoa is a tasty and simple alternative to grains and breads. It is a very beneficial addition to the diet of anyone, but particularly for those who follow a gluten-free diet. It can be a wise choice to add to the grocery list for next week.
Source: http://breastcancerconqueror.com


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Debbie Lolla, Life Skills & Founding Teacher
Published March 2016
Hey everyone! My name is Debbie Lolla. I am the K-5 life skills teacher and academic support person. I feel very lucky because I get to work closely with every single lower school student and teacher, every single day! I am also proud to say that I am a co-founding teacher of Woodlawn School. With a grateful heart, I'd like to reflect on how I got here. In 1998, I moved to North Carolina right after I got married. Leaving all of my family and friends and a teaching job I loved behind, it was time to start a new life with my husband. After spending three long and disappointing years teaching in a few different public and private schools in the Lake Norman area, I realized I wasn't finding a "good fit" for myself as an educator. My career path was forever changed when I met Dwayne and Karen Bowman and Kim Lysne. And so my Woodlawn "story" began!
The foundation for Woodlawn School began simply and humbly around the kitchen table at the Bowman's house in the early part of 2002. I can honestly say that the idea of starting a school (something I had NEVER attempted to do before) did not seem like an unattainable goal. Teaching children, creating curriculum, utilizing resources in the community, and collaborating with my colleagues has always been a passion of mine so this was a dream come true! After months and months of non-stop planning, I couldn't wait for our doors to open that September. The first classroom I ever taught in at Woodlawn was Garden Shed North. It served as my home base and classroom for many years as a lower school and life skills teacher. I always loved the floor to ceiling windows on the corner wall of that tiny room because they overlooked our beautiful gardens. They allowed me to look outside everyday and view each season on our sprawling wooded campus. Thinking back, I now consider those windows symbolic; they were a way to see the growth, change, and beauty that was happening inside of the classroom as well. Over the years I taught many students lessons in language arts and social studies. Yet, the most rewarding part of being in Garden Shed was seeing many of our now graduated and current high school and middle school students begin their journey at Woodlawn in that very room: Emma Haupt, Sawyer and Sydney Bowman, Terin Patel, Forrest Daugherty, Zack Scott, William O'Connell, Abigail Haupt,Taylor Scott, Ally Ault, Will Hedrick, Tripp Berini, Megan Dailey, Jack Hager, and so many more. My own daughter, Carmen (a current seventh grader) learned about the history of Jamestown and the poet Walt Whitman in the same room I began teaching those very units. It is a real honor to have been a part of all of their lives, even if it was only for a short time. These days, I find it comforting that I am right back in the place where it all began. Garden Shed is currently my home base as a lower school academic support person. I enjoy working closely with third grade teacher, Jamie Gunby, as she teaches a whole new generation of Woodlawn students.
Our school has changed in so many ways over the past 13 years. But one aspect that remains the same is the commitment to helping every child find their strengths and become independent, lifelong learners. I am so proud to be a part of that journey. I talk a lot about the students who made their way through Garden Shed, yet I always felt like I was the one who "grew up" in that room. My years in Garden Shed taught me the many lessons that I reflect upon today. It is where I continued my own personal pursuit of learning something new everyday, and where I developed my passion for project-based learning. Garden Shed is where I taught my first ever life skills lessons to grades three, four, and five, and it is where I still teach students about empathy and service. It is there that I carried out an integrated curriculum, and it is the place where I evolved as a professional and as a person. Garden Shed is so much more than a classroom to me; it is the place where my Woodlawn journey began!
One final thought...I love the fact that Woodlawn's mascot is a Trailblazer. To me, a true trailblazer is someone who is willing to try something new, take risks, and leave a path for others to follow. I believe this definition clearly defines who our students are and it best represents my "story" as a teacher at Woodlawn!


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Contact Dr. Schattauer
Phone number: (708)851-2108
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Medical Arts Building
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The Medical Arts building is right off the Oak Park Green Line stop and accessible via public transportation.
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Tyres in Houghton Regis
Conveniently located in Luton, Tyres Direct Online Ltd is easy to reach from Houghton Regis. Carrying one of the widest ranges of tyre brands and sizes in Luton you can book online (pay in store), call us or simply drive in. For your convenience we've provided driving instructions from Houghton Regis to our location in Luton.


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The Fulbright U.S. Student Alumni Ambassador Program was established in 2008 to identify, train and engage a select group of approximately 15 Fulbright U.S. Student Program alumni each year to serve as representatives, recruiters and spokespersons for the Fulbright Program. They are selected annually through recommendations from Fulbright Commissions and U.S. Embassy staff, area managers, the Fulbright Student Program Outreach Division and are approved by the sponsor of the Fulbright Program, the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Fulbright Alumni Ambassadors come from an array of different ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds, states, fields of study, institutions; they have participated in the Fulbright U.S. Student Program in all world areas.
Fulbright Alumni Ambassadors represent the program's rich diversity and play a key role in increasing knowledge about Fulbright opportunities. They provide testimonials about their Fulbright experiences at conferences and campus presentations and offer application tips in written articles, video and podcast interviews, webinars and at special events throughout the United States. The Fulbright U.S. Student Program relies on the Fulbright Alumni Ambassadors to mentor potential applicants, sharing what a Fulbright grant is really like, along with how to address the challenges of living abroad successfully and how best to meet the Fulbright Program's ultimate goal—to increase mutual understanding between the people of the U.S. and the people of other countries.


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"Every man is proud of what he does well; and no man is proud of what he does not do well. With the former, his heart is in his work; and he will do twice as much of it with less fatigue. The latter performs a little imperfectly, looks at it in disgust, turns from it, and imagines himself exceedingly tired. The little he has done, comes to nothing, for want of finishing."
– Abraham Lincoln
Passion. It's that simple. The reason we focus on sports & entertainment marketing is because we're passionate about the brands and the clients that we work with. The passion that our clients have for their own work, and the passion that we feel as we work together, is what drives us to be great at what we do.
Simply put, we love what we do because we love the people, brands, teams, events, games, and fans that we work with. If you think working with us would be a good fit for you, please contact us.


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This part of France we have never visited before and was very different from other parts of France it had a very Spanish feel about it with tapas bars and sangria all readily available (and it would have been rude to say no!)
I am afraid my photos are not so good and some I can't even show as for some reason my camera was having a slight blip, and when I got home realised that one of the buttons that change the focus had obviously been knocked while travelling so alot were out of focus. But the ones that I have rescued I can share with you.


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In this time of posting "selfies," this workshop will help you create a self-portrait the old fashion way by using different waterbed painting media in conjunction with some dry media. The objective of this project is to use the anatomy of the your face in order to produce a likeness by staying painterly and not photographic. The work will be executed on canvas masonite board or heavy 140LBS and up paper.
Tuesday, May 9 / 5:30-8:30 p.m. / $30 / There will be a $15 material fee due before the workshop / Call 350-3245 to enroll


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Projects are structured as Social Enterprises.
The social enterprises are local companies, with financial structures and business plans which generate a "social surplus" so as to allow for continued sustainable operations.
At the early-stage of a project's life, certain transparent, targeted subsidies are required for for start-up and capital costs to make the energy affordable to end-users in poor communities; however, with replication and scale-up, projects can be developed without such support.
The specifics will vary depending on country and market environments, but in principle Helios SE will hold an equity interest and develop and operate each social enterprises.
Stakeholders will have a sense of genuine interest in the success of the enterprise as:-
- local farms, agricultural enterprises, and other small-scale enterprises will benefit from access to modern energy; and
- a proportion of the surplus will be distributed to shareholders, staff and/or members to provide incentives for efficiency and good performance.


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For the first time, the Central Bank of Ireland has published the true average rate of standard variable mortgages in Ireland. Commenting on the release, Fine Gael MEP for Dublin, Brian Hayes said, "the 4.26% average variable rate shows that homebuyers are paying excessive amounts for mortgages.
"We can now say with certainty that Irish homebuyers are being ripped off by banks, particularly when you consider the Eurozone average variable mortgage rate which is 2.47%.
"It is welcome that the Central Bank has finally published the true average variable rate in Ireland which is currently 4.26%. Up until recently, the variable figures that the Central Bank provided were distorted by the inclusion of ultra-low interest rate tracker mortgages which have been restructured.
"I believe there should be involvement in this issue from the Competition and Consumer Protection Commission. This Statutory body, set up in October 2014, is responsible for enforcing consumer protection and competition law. There should be a thorough investigation into the arguments that current standard variable rates do not reflect market conditions. It must be considered that ECB interest rates are at an all-time low of 0.05%. This low interest rate environment has been reflected in many Eurozone countries through lower variable rates but in Ireland banks are still comfortable offering variable rates of over 4%.
"We have recently seen the introduction of stricter mortgage deposit rules in Ireland. Added to this, homebuyers have to contend with excessive variable rates. A radical change in our mortgage system is needed; people should have valid alternatives if they cannot afford to buy a home. We should not be pushing potential homebuyers into a rental market which does not offer any long-term certainty."


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The Intern's Fall 2011 Horror Movie Preview [VIDEO]
Oh the Horror!
As much as I don't want to admit it, our summer is coming to a close. And while that invokes shudders and groans from all of us, there is a small ray of proverbial sunshine. The fall season is usually when we see a large influx of Horror movies come down the Hollywood pipeline. This year is no exception. Check out the list and their respective trailers below.
The Thing
Release Date: October 14th, 2011
Intern Interest: Zero
Wondering what that loud banging sound is? It's the sound of millions of John Carpenter fans banging their heads against their desks in disbelief over this "prequel" (myself included). Most fans of Carpenter's work dismissed the whole thing outright. I was going to try and give it the benefit of the doubt; I mean sometimes prequels can be kind of cool, fleshes out the story line. Well that was until I watched the trailer.
Are you kidding me?! This movie has NO RIGHT calling itself a "prequel" this is nothing more than a awful "remake" that completely rips off the original. I mean they have literally done almost a shot for shot recreation of Carpenter's original masterpiece. The best adjectives I heard used to describe this movie were "shameless" and "unnecessary".
If this movie in ANY way sparks your interest, I have some advice for you. Save the money you're about to spend in the theater and go buy a copy of John Carpenter's original "Thing". You will not be disappointed.
Shark Night 3D
Release Date: September 2nd, 2011
Intern Interest: 25%
I have a feeling that the development of this movie went something along the lines of the following:
Hollywood Dude #1: Yeah so Piranha 3D didn't too badly. How can we choke a couple more golden eggs out of this goose?
Hollywood Dude #2: I know, we follow the same formula, only we change the creature.
Hollywood Dude #1: Okay, so a bunch of young starving (yet attractive) actors willing to get nude on camera, no script, and a scary creature. But what's scarier than piranha?
Hollywood Dude #2: I've got it! A SHARK! It's fool proof.
Hollywood Dude # 1: BRILLIANT! Let's fast track this thing.
This and Apollo 18 come out on the same day, I think it's safe to say which one most people will be going to see.
Paranormal Activity 3
Release Date: October 21
Intern Interest: 70%
I have to admit I never saw the first two Paranormal Activities. I had an inkling of interest when the first once came out. But the amount of media hype and deluge of commercials for the movie with all the "Audience Reaction" shots turned me off the whole project. If they're trying this hard to convince me it's a scary movie, it probably isn't.
With that said, after watching the trailer for Paranormal Activity 3, I think I am ready to finally see one of these movies. The whole "spooky kid" mechanic frightens the hell out of me, whether they are the antagonist or not. Putting children in a horror movie takes the whole thing to eleven for me.
Apollo 18
Release Date: September 2nd, 2011
Intern Interest: 75%
As the Moviefone guys pointed out this is very much a "Blair Witch in Space" movie. I remember that my interest was not peaked when I saw the original teaser trailer in theaters. However this latest trailer makes the movie seem like it might actually be worth a night at the movies. Too many horror films today rely solely on the "gore" factor with complete disregard for suspense. This one appears to be bringing the suspense back to the genre. This in my opinion will always scare me more than 3 people surgically grafted to each other.
Red State
Release Date: October 18
Intern Interest: 100%
Look Kevin Smith has delivered some of the greatest movies of my time. On the other hand he's also delivered some films that left everyone thinking "What in the world was this man thinking?" I am very confident that Red State is going to deliver. I haven't been excited for a Kevin Smith movie in a while. But I have a feeling that his knack for dialogue and humor is going to make this film a very enjoyable experience. You can count on me being there opening night.


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The 2% Conspiracy: How come all Major #Tech companies have just 2% Black employees?
Now that Twitter has also buckled under the same pressure as its tech industry co-horts Google, Yahoo!, Facebook, and LinkedIn to reveal its equally shamefully low diversity employment numbers, I am beginning to see a trend…
Each and every major tech company that revealed its diversity employment number has but 2% African American employees on their global staffs..
Take a look at the graphic charts that each company presented:
What gives?
Conspiracy Theorists….GO!


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June 13-18, 2019 and add 2 nights along the mediterranean in a castle! Special women's only trip for Lavender Season. 1 room.
June 22-27, 2019 during lavender season in Provence (alone or in conjunction with Italy). 1 room remaining.
Looking for another date? See our May page. One room in 2019 left.
Starting at $3,150 pp/dbl occ
It is lavender season. Time for mouthwatering produce, overflowing Provençal Markets, festivals like Bastille Day, the Tour de France, lavender, bull fights, concert series and Mediterranean beach trips. Look at one of our outstanding festival itineraries or culinary vacations, or create your own for your private group. We make a vacation in Provence easy and special. We take a maximum of 8-12 people. We do not use buses and do not have rigid schedules. We customize meals and wines, and even activities. So, if you want to have "insider" experiences, and see and do things most tourists never get the chance to, then join us!
More About This Trip
This is a 6 day/5 night trip and includes:
Private pick up and drop off at Avignon train station (single meeting point and time for group) for the transfer to/from Provence
5 nights lodging in stunning Medieval village in a private inn (beautiful rooms, a/c, wifi, private garden, panoramic views, pool & more)
Daily gourmet breakfasts of fresh baked breads and pastries, local fruits, artisan jams, locally made cheeses, yogurts, cereals and more
Every trip is customized for the travelers who attend. So each excursion, menu and event is based upon our travelers' preferences
Three 6 hour (usually 10-4pm) private sightseeing excursions with chauffeur driven car/van, guide and translation (excursions included stunning Provençal markets, perched villages, Roman ruins, chateaux, galleries/shopping, art and stunning sights too numerous to mention).
At least 1 wine tasting event including Chateauneuf du Pape wines
One, 3 course gourmet welcome dinner with custom menu and local wines
Three, 3 course gourmet lunches (including custom venues and exclusive access experiences, and including at least one 4 course country lunch in a remote country inn)
Specially chosen wines with all included meals
Private guide for all excursions and on site planner to help customize your trip. For trips of 12 there are 2 full time planners/guides
Option to add on a special dining experience with a Michelin starred chef in his kitchen, and a tasting menu to follow OR to have an al fresco lunch on the back porch of a home of a Michelin starred chef!
No trip is larger than 10-12 people. No big groups. No buses.
The above is a general overview of our inclusions. Each trip is different and the itinerary is based on season, traveler preferences and specific travel dates.
Airfare not included.
Book Your Trip
Contact us for more details or to book your trip.
See important terms and conditions here.
Solo travelers supplement is payable separately.
Contact us for supplemental pricing if you wish to also include specialty wine tastings, private cooking lessons with a Michelin starred chef, photography or other customized activities in Provence or extra days elsewhere in France.


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Huzzah, hallelujah and praise be for Sister Act! Currently on tour, it is a glitzy and slick musical theatre fun-fest. A great choice for a regional tour with the 'star-power' of Alexandra Burke and Strictly's Craig Revel Horwood's touches on the direction and choreography. (I didn't really need the recorded announcement from him at the top of the show though, dahhhling.) Sister Act, based on the hugely successful 1992 film, tells the story of Deloris Van Cartier, a wannabe disco diva, whose life turns upside down when she witnesses her no-good boyfriend commit a murder. Under police custody she is hidden in the local convent as a nun. Going toe-to-toe with the traditional Mother Superior, Deloris finds solace in helping her Sisters discover their true voices. And, as with the film, it is truly lovely to see something that foregrounds female friendship.
Joyously, Alexandra Burke is a 'celebrity' casting who can actually do the things required of them in a musical; sing, dance and perhaps the one that is most usually lacking, act. Although her performance of the starstruck Delores is a little one-dimensional, she does manage to quickly win the audience over with her comedy timing. This is a good show for her – allowing her to showcase her impressive vocal range, whilst have great fun strutting her stuff as a disco diva.
The score by the inimitable Alan Menken is delightfully tinged with Seventies soul, Motown and disco, whilst still maintaining an almost familiar feel. The actor-musicians have tonnes of fun exploring the rounded brassy sounds of the upbeat material, and with instruments in hand there is something delightfully… well… honest, about this production. It's a cute idea, and it comes off well. The ensemble are utterly fantastic. It has been a really long time since I've seen an ensemble work so hard, and seem to be having so much fun. This is an utter masterclass in creating and sustaining character – instruments are played and choreography is danced in character. This cast work incredibly hard and really make this production the success it is. Sarah Goggin is a delightfully timid mouse turned powerhouse as Sister Mary Robert, and there are acres of laughs from both Susannah Van Der Berg and Rosemary Ashe. I must also admit to being enthralled by the performances from Jon Robyns as police officer 'Sweaty Eddie', and Sandy Grigelis as the sleazy TJ, whose facial expressions alone are probably worth the ticket-price.
For once, the book hasn't been ignored in favour of 'star-casting' and is mostly strong and laugh-out-loud funny. However, there are definitely a few moments that feel awkward, the Seventies setting perhaps taken a little too literally with some of the language and ideas used. It's a minor niggle that makes the evening ever-so-slightly tawdry. Despite that, this is certainly a feel good evening's entertainment, and probably rates amongst the top five musicals Milton Keynes has seen in the past year. I guarantee you will leave with a smile on your face and a song in your heart.
Sister Act
Milton Keynes Theatre
7:30pm (2:30pm matinee)
26th September – 1st October 2016
Then continuing on tour.
© Carly Halse - Reviewed on Monday 26th September 2016.


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Disneynatures new feature film Chimpanzee comes out April 20th! You can view the trailer and more information here
Disney has released a small activity book with pages related to the new Chimpanze movie, you can get them by clicking here
There is also an Educator's Guide that is filled with fun and interesting facts for parents and teachers! You can download this Educator's Guide here


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As criminal as it may sound, I craved for and gave in to Gringo 3 times in a span of a couple of months.
It was that Chido ("cool"), not to mention situated in SM North The Block, which is just way too cool for the QC denizens.
The menu of Gringo isn't that lengthy, and one look at the place, you know you've got to have chicken. And Gringo Original Chicken I had on all visits: quarter, half and whole!
As much as possible, I wanted the sidings to vary but it would seem that the Roasted Eggplant (left) is the crowd favorite. I had it 3x as well! I just love the way the eggplant makes the healthier replacement to the usual mashed potato.
I also had the mashed camote (hmmkay), garlic mushrooms, roasted squash and french fries, but it was the eggplant that stunned me on the first bite.
The Original Chicken was the way to go because it was already ultra flavorful and succulent, made even more delectable with the in-house sauces. I just poured the sauces on my sidings, and everything became a house party on my plate.
The Gringo Baby Back Ribs was soft till the last bite, and still goes well with the roasted eggplant.
I kid you not when I say the Nacho Grande was a feast of a tray, because the tray occupied the length of the table! Asked to place the meat on the side, it was still generously covered with cheese and what-not.
The nachos are pretty much the same as the chicken siding, but with this gigantic volume, you know you'll have to walk home.
The Spicy Tuna Street Taco and Truffle Queso Quesadilla completed the Mexican fiesta. Both rich, indulgent and just zesty, finally we have a second Mexican haven in the northern malls, next to Mexicali!
Never got the chance to try their desserts, but next time, we certainly will.
Having to go on a walk though, dessert was still pursued, so we ended up in the quaint Casa Italia, still at the GF of SM the Block. It was dark and only the gelato lights radiated and beckoned the dessert cravers.
I had the matcha green tea. One scoop was all I needed to call it a day.


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|Tasting Notes
|Color Deep, vivid purple colour Aroma Fruity with notes of cherries, raspberry, spices and tobacco Taste Full bodied, velvet, with intense aroma of plum. Good concentration and balanced acidity with firm, mature tannins. Long finish with hints of spices
| Wine Spectator 89 points (Aug 31 2015)
Redolent of blackberry, with plenty of floral notes, as well as dried raspberry and tar details. Juicy midpalate, presenting a ripe, well-textured finish, loaded with Asian spice accents. Drink now through 2018. 50,000 cases made. -KM
|Technical Notes
|Cabernet. Sauvignon 70%, Merlot 20%, Agiorgitiko 10%
|Food Pairing
|Oven baked pork, veal in tomato sauce


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April 29, 2000
Box Score
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. – Led by the power of Nick Swisher (Fr., Parkersburg, W.Va.) belting his first career multiple home run game and relief ace Cory Cox (Jr., Chillicothe, Ohio) tossing 3.2 innings of shutout baseball, the Ohio State baseball team (28-17 overall, 9-9 in the Big Ten) defeated the Illinois Fighting Illini (30-17, overall, 14-8 in the Big Ten), 6-4, in game one of a doubleheader at Illinois Field. The win ties the four-game series at 1-1.
The Buckeyes took a 1-0 lead in the top of the second inning. Jason Turner (Sr., Versailles, Ohio) led off with a walk and John Mayor (Jr., Chesterfield, Mo.) immediately followed with a single to put runners at first and third base. Nick Swisher (Fr., Parkersburg, W.Va.) then gave OSU the early lead by bringing home Turner on a ground out to Illinois first baseman Andy Schutzenhofer. In the bottom half of the inning, Illinois was threatening with two outs and Andy Schutzenhofer on second base. Jeff Gertz followed and lined a single to left field but OSU leftfielder Jason Driscoll (Sr., Middlefield, Ohio) fielded the ball and fired a bullet to home plate to cut down Schutzenhofer and protect the one-run OSU lead.
In the top of the fifth, OSU added three runs to its lead. Chad Ehrnsberger (Jr., Kalida, Ohio) led off with a double down the left field line. Turner immediately followed with a single to put runners at first and third base. Mayor then gave OSU its second run of the ballgame when he drove in Ehrnsberger on a sacrifice fly to leftfield. Swisher immediately followed by taking a 2-0 offering from UI starting pitcher Ryan Kvasnicka over the right field wall for his sixth home run of the year. The two-run blast increased the OSU lead to 4-0.
In the bottom of the fifth, Illinois rallied and tied the game at four. Craig Marquie and D.J. Svihlik led off with back-to-back home runs off OSU starting pitcher Kevin Goodrum (Jr., Mentor, Ohio). Two batters later, Schutzenhofer singled and later scored on a bases loaded walk by Creston Whitaker. Jeff Gertz scored the final Illinois run of the inning on a grounder by Chris Basak.
In the top of the sixth inning, Swisher put the Buckeyes back on top with his seventh home run of the season and the first multiple home run game of his career. On a 2-2 offering from UI reliever Joe Sprengard, Swisher launched a ball over the right field wall to give OSU a 5-4 lead.
In the top of the seventh inning, OSU added another run. With one out, Driscoll singled to center field. Mike Check (Jr., Bay Village, Ohio) then moved Driscoll to second on a perfectly executed sacrifice bunt. Ehrnsberger then drove in Driscoll on a line drive that ricochet off UI third baseman Marquie. A heads up Driscoll was able to score when the UI defense could not locate the ball and give OSU a 6-4 edge.
Both starting pitchers did not factor into the decision. Goodrum went 3.1 innings, gave up seven hits, four runs and struck out one batter. Cox improves to 4-2 on the season with his second longest outing of the season. Illinois starter Kvasnicka went 3.1 innings, gave up six hits, four runs and recorded one strike out. Sprengard (2-3) took the loss.


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One of the many reasons why lamination is performed is to protect printed materials. A laminate is considered as the joining of two or more layers to give strength, stability, and a nice finish to a product. The bonding of one or both sides makes an effective laminated object. One type of lamination is thermal laminating, which is the process of using a heat sensitive film that offer the ability to create a bond through its heat and then the pressure of that heat pressing the laminate onto the material, encapsulating it.
Types of thermal laminating films:
There are a few types of thermal laminating films that can create a formidable laminate onto a material, which are listed below:
- BOPP / OPP Thermal laminating Films
- PET (Polyester) Thermal Laminating Films
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The following is a type of thermal laminating machines that can produce a solid laminate—the Hot Roll Laminator.
A Hot Roll Laminator uses heat sensitive lamination supplies. Laminating is done due to the effect of heat under pressure in hot roll laminator.
Film is passed through a heated steel roll and laminating adhesive starts melting because of the temperature. Hot roll laminators have different temperature controls built in. Heated roller temperature can vary, but it happens at 200 to 300 degrees Fahrenheit. A circulating oil or electrical heaters are used to maintain heating of steel roll.
Heat sensitive layers of laminating film never directly come in contact with the heated roller. Laminating adhesive such as EVA – ethylene vinyl acetate – is common for this sole purpose. Adding additional adhesive thickness provides a cushioning effect in the laminate and results in improved bond strength.
The following features are a part of a Hot Roll Laminator Selection:
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Jessup Manufacturing offers thermal laminating services. Contact Jessup if you are in the need of this kind of laminate, as Jessup has been in the business of providing premier laminating services for over fifty years.


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Go for the art and stay for the party. That's one way to do Art Basel Miami Beach, the most prominent and influential contemporary art show in the Americas. Back for its 11th year, this four-day event is a citywide spectacle of art, culture and social events that art lovers should experience at least once. If you're heading down to South Beach for this year's affair held Dec. 6 through 9, Forbes Travel Guide has insider-only tips for getting the most out of your stay.
Planning an art-centric vacation? Check out our blog for museums to visit now and where to book a room.
What to Know
The original Art Basel began in 1970 in Basel, Switzerland and was founded by local gallery owners to showcase contemporary and modern art. In 2002, Art Basel Miami Beach was created to develop a stronger bond among artists, collectors and enthusiasts of the Americas and Europe. During its 10-year existence, Art Basel Miami Beach has grown into a cultural phenomenon that takes over the city for one weekend each year, and one of the must-attend events in the art world.
The epicenter of Art Basel is the massive Miami Beach Convention Center, where the main exhibition takes places. More than 250 top galleries from 31 countries will showcase modern for sale, ranging from early 20th-century pieces to cutting-edge contemporary art.
What to See
The Art Basel Miami Beach fair is broken down into distinct areas and it can be overwhelming if you don't go with a plan. Art Galleries is where you'll find the majority of the art; more than 200 contemporary galleries will exhibit paintings, photography, film, and more from 2,000-plus artists. Art Nova, on the other hand, has galleries representing two to three artists with new works created in the last few years. Head to Art Positions to check out 16 galleries each displaying a major art installation or project from one artist.
But the art doesn't stop when you step outside the convention center's doors—two outdoor exhibits promise to be major draws. First, Art Video will include several video installations, including Art Video Nights—a 60 film and video series displayed on the 7,000-square-foot projection wall of the Frank Gehry-designed New World Center. And Art Public will transform Collins Park into an outdoor exhibition space filled with performances and sculptures.
For those interested in design, head to Design Miami/ (Dec. 5-9) where top-notch design galleries will feature exhibits of museum-quality furniture, lighting and other showpieces.
Where to Party
UR1 Music and Art Festival, debuting over Basel weekend (Dec. 8-9), is stacked with headliners such as Kanye West, Fun., The Offspring, Keane and Lenny Kravitz. This is the first music festival to coincide with Art Basel Miami Beach and will integrate large-scale artwork into its space at Bayfront Park and Amphitheater.
Grab a drink on the beach without getting away from it all at Güiro, an art bar installation in the shape of a güiro (a Cuban instrument made from a hollowed-out gourd). Designed by Cuban-based artist group Los Carpinteros, this pop-up oceanfront open-air bar (open Dec. 5-8) will be filled with art, live music and cocktails.
Where to Stay
The Betsy — South Beach is a glamorous boutique hotel on legendary Ocean Drive with easy access to the Miami Beach Convention Center and all the Art Basel attractions. Playing host hotel to The Lost Beatles and Lost Rolling Stones Photographs: The Bob Bonis Archive collection, The Betsy is immersed in Art Basel this year. The Bonis Archive contains nearly 200 prints, including many never before seen photos of the bands, premiering on Dec. 3.
If you need to unwind before—or after—a day of discovering Art Basel, book Forbes Travel Guide Five-Star Acqualina Resort & Spa's Art Basel Package. You'll snag transportation to and from the Miami Beach Convention Center, two tickets to the art fair, daily access to the hotel's spa and a $40 credit toward a body or facial treatment for two at the Forbes Travel Guide Five-Star Acqualina Spa by ESPA.
Check in to Forbes Travel Guide Five-Star Mandarin Oriental, Miami for an Eastern spin on Art Basel. The hotel will debut its special contemporary Asian exhibition, Oriental Charm, on Dec. 6. The collection will include works from Chinese artists Wang Xiaojin and Bo Yun and will be on display in the hotel's lobby. —Jordan Lawson


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A recent poll showed that a 53 percent majority of Americans favored requiring immigrants from Muslim nations to register with the federal government.
While most of those who favored the requirement were Republicans — 75 percent of Republicans polled agreed with the registration — more than a third of Democrats did too, about 34 percent, according to the poll by Quinnipiac University.
Those were surprisingly high numbers, especially given the liberal media's insistence that President Donald Trump and his pro-national security stance represented an offensive anomaly and not the norm. The results of this poll suggested otherwise.
Clearly, the American people were far more concerned about radical Islamic terrorism than the liberal media cared to admit.
Whether the president would actually move forward with such a registry remained unclear. Also unknown was whether he himself even supported the idea.
In a statement issued shortly after the November election, Trump communications adviser Jason Miller said Trump had no plans for a Muslim immigrant registry.
"President-elect Trump has never advocated for any registry or system that tracks individuals based on their religion, and to imply otherwise is completely false," Miller said in a statement at the time, as noted by CNN.
"The national registry of foreign visitors from countries with high terrorism activity that was in place during the Bush and Obama administrations gave intelligence and law enforcement communities additional tools to keep our country safe, but the president-elect plans on releasing his own vetting policies after he is sworn in."
And that was exactly what Trump has done via his executive order on immigration from the Middle East, which was designed to temporarily halt immigration from terror-prone nations until thorough screening measures could be implemented.
In previous statements made to reporters, however, the president has himself admitted that he would at the very least consider the idea of a Muslim registry, according to ABC News.
"We're going to have to look at a lot of things very closely," Trump said during a November 2015 interview with Yahoo News. "We're going to have to look at the mosques. We're going to have to look very, very carefully."
Of course, the liberal media has used statements such as these to paint President Trump as a monster. But if is a monster for simply considering the idea, then what are the 53 percent majority of Americans who support it?
Like us on Facebook – USA Liberty News
Please share this story on Facebook and Twitter and let us know what you think about the fact that a remarkably large number of Americans support the idea of a Muslim registry.
What do you think about this poll? Scroll down to comment below!
Source: conservativetribune.com
H/T Newsmax


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HISTORY OF JAMAICAN MUSIC [Part 2 of 6]
From that beginning, it was inevitable that Jamaican music would find its own identity sooner or later. The biggest surprise is that it happened so quickly.
The sound called ska came into being in 1960. At least, that's one of the stories. Other sources claim 1959. Or ?56. Or ?61. In other words, almost as many people claim to have invented it as there were producers on the scene. There's no doubt, however, that Jamaicans were ready for something new. The homegrown copies of R&B just didn't have the punch of the originals.
"We were trying to imitate," noted singer
Derrick Morgan,
"but when we did it, it wasn't real." While so many grab the credit for ska, critics generally agree its father is
Prince Buster
Cecil Campbell (his real name) had been an employee of clement Dodd, leaving in 1960 to set up his own Supertown sound system. Like others before, he turned to record production, beginning with a mammoth session of 13 songs for his new label, Wild Bells.
"On the way home from a session with Duke Reid I met Prince Buster," recalled Morgan. "He asked me to come and sing - he was just starting out. I told him yes. We did 13 songs, and they were all hits. He was supposed to give Duke Reid half the money, but in the end he just have him one song, the one he thought was the weakest, by [trombonist]
Rico Rodriguez
It was one of those events that changed history. Over the course of the session, something new came into being, which melded the rhythm of traditional mento music, mixing it with R&B.
With those tunes - "They Got To Go" and "Shake A Leg - they're coming more into ska," explained reggae historian
Steve Barrow,
"with the emphasis on the afterbeat carried by the guitar, because that's what [guitarist]
Jah Jerry
did for Buster. Buster said, I told him, change gear, man, change gear,' and Jerry would give it that afterbeat syncopation on the guitar."
Now they had something new; all it needed was a name, and that came from bassist
Cluett Johnson,
Barrow noted, "because he used to go around calling everyone skavoovie, and that was a made-up word, but it was a precedent for a name."
Buster couldn't have guessed he'd be charting the entire future course of Jamaican music. All he cared about was that the crowds at his sound system loved his new beat.
But the homegrown music, now readily identifiable, fitted in perfectly with the mood of the time. With Jamaica receiving its independence, national pride was running high, and anything uniquely Jamaican was embraced. Also, the new ska, made by the working classes, was definitely music of the people, really music of the Kingston ghettoes. The other sound system operators needed to make their own ska records to compete with Buster, which they very quickly did.
Discs were made primarily for sound systems, rather than for sale. So the product was on acetate (also known as pre-releases) which would quickly deteriorate - by which time they'dalready been replaced with something new. Still, those with money could buy the records.
"Prince Buster used to sell copies of "Humpty Dumpty" for 50 pounds!" said Morgan. "You could buy a house for that in those days. And if they did ever release the songs, they'd put them on white labels, with no artist credit. But the sound systems did motivate us to record. People used to come looking for the best, the most excitement, and they wanted the newest sounds."
Both Reid and Dodd began having their own ska hits, and soon there was another face on the scene,
Leslie Kong,
a Chinese-Jamaican who owned a restaurant called Beverley's, which proved inspirational to young singer
Jimmy Cliff.
"Jimmy wrote a song called "Dearest Beverley," remembered Morgan, "and he went to see Kong to get it recorded. They told him to look for me and said that if he found me, he could record his song. So he came to my house. His song was a slow ballad, and I told him no-one would like it, because we were all doing ska music. So we wrote "Hurricane Hattie" and "King Of Kings" and we went to meet Leslie Kong."
Although inexperienced, Kong was eager to enter the record business, and asked if Morgan, by then already well-known, would record a side for him, "so I recorded "Be Still." And he took on Jimmy Cliff, who was still Jimmy Chambers then - Beverley's changed his name. And I started recording for Beverley's."
For Morgan, it was a matter of economic reality. Most producers were offering musicians $10 a song, Beverley's upped the stakes to $20. And since no-one was paying royalties, people went where the money was and laid down tunes as fast as they could. Morgan's defection started a rivalry between him and Prince Buster.


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It Takes A Team: Our Elite Cycling Team Recounts Their Efforts At A Joe Martin Stage Race & The Importance Of A "Team"
By Stephen Wagstaff
Joe Martin has been a race I have been wanting to do for a few years now. I never have been able to do it for one reason or another though. So getting to go this year was very exciting and having the trip so well supported by the team took a ton of pressure off. Still, knowing how hard the stages would be and having the responsibility of protecting Zach made for some stressful weeks of training prior. Coming into the race I grabbed a win in a local crit and my cat 1 upgrade got approved. That was a huge confidence builder, and I felt ready to take on anything.
Aside from the racing, I was also beyond excited to see Fayetteville, AR. Cycling is a great sport, but the places you get to visit through racing is what makes it great for me. The team had us setup in a great van and perfect house for the week. Having a full kitchen and good roads to take morning rides takes so much stress out of the travel.
Stage one was a simple uphill individual time trial. Although it wasn't very important for me to do well it would set the GC (general classification) standings, if I could grab a good GC spot I could become a more valuable card to play while protecting Zach. So it was simple I rode as hard as I could for 10 minutes. I averaged 373w and got a time of 10:45, good enough for 34th and only 30sec down in GC. I would have liked to do better, but I was happy.
My role was always to do my work on stage 2. It was 110 miles, and there was no shortage of climbs. Historically an early break has gone and been caught on the final climb by another small group and the win was taken from that. So my job was simple roll with the early move and keep the pressure off our team so that when the last move goes Zach is ready. Simple. After a brisk 2 mile neutral section we were off. Literally. A Lupus NYC rider attacked, and I went. We got a quick gap and in a matter of 15 minutes we had over a minute off the field. We both figured others would come across on the first small climb at mile 14. We were told of a few that tried but no one ever got more than a minute on the field and that would still leave them at 2 minutes off of us. Not worth waiting. We both knew that our job was just to stay out as long as possible. Our gap of 3 minutes held for about 30 miles, but with the climb through the feed zone coming at mile 42 our gap was getting reeled in. It was down to 2:15 at the base of the climb. Half way up the climb my companion could no longer hang and went back. I carried on and my gap was a little over a minute over the top of the climb. I thought a few might come across, but slowly I was getting brought back. It came down to 20 seconds as we went through a series of rollers, and I was certain I was getting caught, but I opened it back out to 45 seconds. Finally at about 55 miles in I was told someone was coming across to me. I took the chance to eat, but he was coming fast and went he caught I latched on. I would pull if I felt like I could, but he wasn't going to make it up the climb and I was spent so I saw no reason to really help. I was just there to keep others chasing and at about 65 miles we finally got caught. It was great to be back. I was almost out of water and couldn't force anymore food down. I was in bad shape, but it was easy to just cruise in the peloton. Everyone was there and feeling good so my job was done. The final climb was at mile 82 and by that time I was starting to feel good again. I figured I could set a good pace but as we rolled into the climb my chain fell off to the inside and slipped under the "chain catcher" (that little thing is no longer on my bike). I was stuck waiting for the neutral truck to attempt to fix it. All they managed was to somehow get my chain in a knot and then tell me to wait for the sag car (this would mean I would miss the time cut and not race the next days). So I finally got it fixed and started chasing. I figure I lost about 5 minutes or so. I thought that maybe if I chased hard on the climb I could get back into the caravan. That was a dream. I never saw that caravan again, and after passing dropped riders left and right I just got into my pace and went to finish the stage. I just kept thinking I can't lose more than 45 minutes. At the end of the day I had lost 25 minutes, but I was racing the next day. I made for a long day and those last 20 miles were the worst I had felt in a long time. I felt terrible for the rest of the night. Zach unfortunately went down in the last 2km but was given the same time as the field so he slipped to 5 in the GC but with 2 days to go that was no problem.
Stage 3 was another long day, but at 86 miles it almost seemed short compared to the previous stage. It was 24 mile loops with a good climb in the middle. After a short morning spin my legs felt bad, but I told the team I would do what I could. We figured that the move would likely roll on the second or third time up the climb and Zach was ready. So it was just about keeping him protected the first few laps, and then he would take over from there. I said I would do anything I could so after a 4 mile neutral section (2 more miles!) I was on the front ready to cover anything. It wasn't until about 10 miles in before anyone starting attacking. I made sure to cover anything I thought was dangerous, and if I couldn't match the acceleration I would pull the pack close enough that someone would try to go across, and then they would bring us all. The climb took me by surprise, and I was feeling the previous day, but I covered anything dangerous. One guy countered a move across the top and slipped away from me, but he was no threat. Everyone looked at each other to pull, but no one was going to care about a solo move that early. Eventually one other rider bridged across but still no real threat. I offered to work with other teams to keep the gap steady at a minute, but they wanted to wait. So I just slipped back a few wheels and relaxed. I was not feeling good and really couldn't match most acceleration. I just rolled to the back and told the team I was spent. I would help in the end if I could. I spent the rest of the day just rolling along at the back, my legs were not coming around, and it was hard to watch the rest of the team cover moves and suffer, but I would rather have them suffer than not be able to perform when they expect me to. Ultimately it came down to a bunch sprint and everyone had stayed fairly fresh so everyone was bunched and moving around in the last 5 km was impossible. Zach held his own and lost no time.
On the bright side we got to eat in downtown Fayetteville. It was so busy and so many great places. It really had college town feel, a really lively city. I wish more of the local shops had been open, but the next day's crit would be right there so I scouted out some places to visit. This was the first time I had traveled with most of the guys, and it really was great how everyone was willing to compromise. Sadly the ice cream food truck did get vetoed after a glance at the waiting line. I bet that was some good ice cream …
The last day had a simple plan, Zach would race and we would help when we could. It was a steep uphill section and then a series of tight turns to bring you back. We would start with about 100 riders, we all knew that not many would finish. My legs actually felt much better than the previous day, but the tight turns and fat downhill section did not inspire my confidence. I sat mid-pack for a while and slowly people dropped until I was the back. I really couldn't do much. It was probably the most useless I've felt all week. I felt like I had the legs to pull or set a fast pace up the hill, but I had no reason to do so. Even if I moved near the front I got timid on the descent and lost my places. It was discouraging, but I know it's a weakness of mine and one that I continue to work on. At the end of the day Zach lost one spot and slipped to 6th. It was disappointing to slip off the podium, and I regret that I couldn't have help more during the crit. We got down for a while after the crit that we had missed the podium, but we can't discredit the fact that for most of us it was the first time we had done this race (including Zach), and we still got 6th!
It was a great experience. One of the best I've had, and it only prepares me for bigger stage races even more! I know we could have done some things differently, but the racing was great and the time spent with the team was so much fun. If we didn't have such amazing sponsors I wouldn't have the opportunities to do these races, and now I only want to come back even stronger. Next year I would like to be ready to ride the UCI pro/1 race. Not just to be in the pack but to really ride aggressively. There are always levels above your own no matter where you are at within cycling, but it takes a ton of support to even get the opportunity to see them. I got to see the level about cat 1 and now I just want to make sure I'm ready to race the UCI race when I get the opportunity.
Over the past 5 years, I have had the privilege of racing, training, and building a relationship with our core group of riders on the LAPT-Wilde Subaru Cycling team. We have always had a great deal of fun challenging and supporting one another to push harder, dig deeper, and find success. Success is certainly something our team can put on the resume, having been recognized via invitations to some of the country's largest races in recent years, but we found ourselves seeking something more. We wanted our success to mean something, to stand for something more than a place on the podium and a medal put around our neck. This is where Project Echelon comes in...
Several years back Eric Beach and I met through our wives and their long lasting friendship from high school. At first, Eric B. was an average guy, the same as me, doing what he could to find his place in the world and support his young family. Thankfully, over the last few years, I have had the privilege of getting to know Eric B. on a deeper level. He started to share some of the personal trials and tribulations that he has now found the strength to share publicly with you, but at first those inner struggles and feelings were covered up and hidden. As I learned more about his Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the work that he was involved with with organizations like This Able Veteran, Mission 22, USA Cares, and others, the more I was inspired by his story and felt a calling to take action and do something to give back to the veteran community.
The rest of the story can be told in the recent work we have done to build Project Echelon. Our Elite Cycling team will be joining forces with the veteran athletes of Project Echelon to share our passion for exercise and competition and help build the same brotherhood and network of support that I found 5 years ago in our cycling team. Project Echelon is our opportunity to give back and support those who were willing to make the ultimate sacrifice for our country and for our families… it is our opportunity to "be the change that we want to see in the world."
It is for this opportunity that I am grateful and humbled to be a part of.
Eric Beach and Eric Hill
January 2019


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