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|| Napoleon's Triumph
|| Design Diary
|| The Scope of Things to Come
A major problem in the design of Napoleon's Triumph has been setting the scope of the design. Scope, in this sense, refers chiefly to the limits of time and space imposed on the design, the material implementation of which take the form of the map and the time track. There are, however, additional scope decisions, generally regarding how events that happen off-map or before the official start time of the game are handled. These additional scope decisions, although less obvious than those of time and space, can make a very great difference in the nature of a game. Each type of scope will be considered in turn.
The map coverage in Napoleon's Triumph was actually settled fairly early in the process (although it is worth noting that Napoleon's Triumph was not my first attempt at an Austerlitz game based on Bonaparte at Marengo: in late 2004 I began a one-map version of Austerlitz, but decided that the game really needed a larger map: I generally date the beginning of the design of Napoleon's Triumph to the decision to make a two-map version of the battle). The map scope is not a matter I've ever felt much need to revisit, although the layout of the board does create some dead space on the southern edge of the map for which I have not yet found a good use.
Although the map coverage was not a difficult design problem, it occurs to me that I've never gone into it before, so I will do so here. Below is the primary source map used in the creation of the game map, with a red rectangle denoting the mapboard limits of Napoleon's Triumph (the map is not readable at this size, but you can click to zoom in in its own window):
Click on the image above to open in its own window
I'll assume for the purposes of this discussion that you've zoomed it so you can read the map. The battlefield at Austerlitz was bounded on three of its four sides by significant terrain barriers. In the north, the Moravian Alps were too rugged and and too heavily forested for either army to operate in; consequently, it made a natural northern edge for the map. In the east, the boggy Raussnitz would have been a natural defensive line for Napoleon, but he elected instead to withdraw beyond it, leaving it as a barrier to retreat in the Allied rear. The map was pushed to east of the Raussnitz, far enough past it for the game to depict a fight along that line. Just off-map to the east is the city of Austerlitz, which in addition to being the city that gave the battle its name, was the main organization area for the Allied army, which had advanced from Olmütz along the Brünn-Olmütz highway (the highway that runs across the top of the game board), before turning south to Austerlitz in order to prepare to advance against the French right. The southern edge of the battlefield is even boggier stream known to history as the Littawa, although the map suggests that local usage may have differed. There were several ponds on the southern edge of the battlefield that had been drained by the time my source map was made (mid-late 19th century) although in you know where to look you can still see the outlines of them on the map. Historically, the Allies skirted the southern edge of the Littawa in both advancing to and retreating from the battlefield, but otherwise nothing of consequence happened south of it.
The most interesting scope problem in laying out the map was in locating the western edge. While the Gold Bach stream might be a natural barrier in the vicinity, the Gold Bach was on the battlefield, not on its edge. This required that the west edge of the map be further west than the Gold Bach, but there is no natural barrier on which it could be bounded (the Schwarzawa being too distant to put on map without a major scale change). An additional consideration is that while the Allied army never made it much past the Gold Bach, they planned to do so, and so I wanted, if possible, to include as much of this area on the map as practicable. The major limit in this regard was the desire to keep the east bank of the Raussnitz in play (and also the area in the northeast corner in play, since there was actual fighting there between Lannes' V Corps and the Allied Advance Guard under Bagration. Part of the solution chosen was to tilt the map slightly, but it was also necessary to reduce the scale slightly from the target scale, which was originally to match that of Bonaparte at Marengo.
One interesting comparison that could be made would be to compare the map scope of Napoleon's Triumph with some of the other games on Austerlitz that have been done through the years. Here are some side-by-side comparisons (Napoleon's Triumph in red; comparison games in blue):
Austerlitz - The Battle of the Three Emperors (SPI)
Battle of Austerlitz (SPI)
Austerlitz 1805 (The Gamers)
Austerlitz: December 1805 (Columbia)
In comparing the above, it is important to remember that there is no right or wrong approach to a problem such as this: the frame doesn't exist in reality, it is entirely an artifact of the design process. Of these coverage frames, "Battle of Austerlitz" is the most space efficient, but for my purposes that orientation is actually too space efficient: it has so little dead space that there is almost no room left for play aids!
Because the map edges are artificial, it is tempting to think that they must always be negatives in terms of the design: that is, that they always make games more complicated by necessitating edge-of-map rules and less realistic in that map edges create unflankable positions which would not have been unflankable in reality. These problems with map edges are real enough, but like many limitations, they can in some circumstances turn out to be of benefit. One benefit is that the edge of the map creates an automatic blind area where units can be hidden without the tedium of writing down positions. At a battle like Austerlitz, where sight lines were limited, this can actually simulate a real condition, that neither commander had solid information about what an enemy army was doing when it was not within actual sight. A second benefit is that it allows players to only have to actually do the work of physically moving units once they are close enough to the action for their exact location to matter, which can speed play. Finally, a third benefit is that they can subtly enforce real-world command limitations. It might seem that without an edge to the battlefield, for example, that the armies would be able to spread out indefinitely, but this would have created serious command and control problems if the armies had historically attempted such a thing, which would have required rules to simulate them. Since the physical size of the mapboard prevents such deployment, it is a cheap (if coarse) way of simulating a real-world constraint.
Scenarios in wargames are typically created in two ways: by divisions in space and by divisions in time; sometimes these are done separately, sometimes together. A Gettysburg game, for example, might include four scenarios: one for each of the three days of battle, and one for the entire three days. At the same time, a large Gettysburg game might include scenarios for the fights for particular terrain features on particular days, such as Little Round Top on day 2 of the battle or Picket's Charge against Cemetary Ridge on day 3.
This strategy of scenario creation by reduction is also a way to deal with the long playing time of many wargames: the scenarios created by reduction can usually be completed in a fraction of the time of the full game. For some very large multi-map games, it also provides a way for dealing with the size requirements, as the scenarios might not require all of the maps.
The application of the Bonaparte at Marengo game system to Austerlitz did not obviously require scenarios at all. Bonaparte at Marengo is a short game, taking typically two hours to complete. If Austerlitz was a larger battle than Marengo in terms of forces and battlefield size (about twice the size), it was also shorter in terms of time (about half the duration). On the face of it, there is actually little reason to think that Napoleon's Triumph would require more time to play than Bonaparte at Marengo.
Although in fact Napoleon's Triumph is not a straight port of the Bonaparte at Marengo game system (the presence of leaders alone makes a considerable difference in how the game plays), it still isn't obvious that the game system changes would substantially alter playing time; even if they increased it by 50% (and it is possible that the changes might actually reduce playing time rather than increasing it), that would still leave the game with a three hour playing time, very manageable in a single evening.
While Napoleon's Triumph does not have the usual problems that motivate the creation of scenarios, it does have another problem that scenarios can be useful in addressing. That problem is replay value. Ironically, one of the problems with Napoleon's Triumph is that it is projected to have a short playing time, and yet it is a big game. One way to measure value is to consider the cost of a game vs. hours of playing time. If the object is to give two players twenty hours of enjoyment for a price of $50, then a game that takes twenty hours to play is at a huge advantage over a game that takes two hours to play: the twenty hour game doesn't need to have ANY replay value to hit the twenty hour threshold, but the two hour game has to be good for ten plays.
The time-vs.-cost equation is of course simplistic, in that it a game that takes twenty hours to play may prove difficult for people to find time to play at all, which can undercut the value considerably, not to mention that "learning games" can be very expensive undertakings indeed. Overall, I'm quite happy to make games that have a short playing time and which can therefore readily be played. Nevertheless, the problem of replay value is quite real. One of the attractive features of Marengo as a battle was that I thought there were a lot of possibilities in it, due to the "fire-hose" effect of the way the Austrian army comes in and the numerous choices the French have in where to divert, slow, or try to stop them. Austerlitz, on the other hand, if viewed within the scope of 2 December (the historical day of battle), the situation is different: the armies are much more committed by their deployment to specific plans and have less freedom to alter them. One way to measure the freedom the armies have is to look at the distance from the enemy vs. the depth of deployment: both armies are deployed close together on a wide front; meaning that redeployments along their front take more time than it would take for the enemy to move to engage them, which tends to encourage the units of both armies to move (or defend) against the enemy forces immediately in front of them rather than maneuver.
A traditional way to open up a game that is over-constrained as a result of the historical deployment is to allow the players to depart from it to some degree. This method is in fact used in Napoleon's Triumph as well, and its effectiveness is reinforced by hidden information. Players do not have to follow the historical organizations but are allowed flexibility in assigning units to their leaders. The players first assign a fixed number of units to each leader (the type of unit is up to the player). Left over after this are six French and ten Allied units. These left-over units are then assigned secretly to any of the eight leaders. The secretly assigned units are only brought into play when they are in contact with the enemy. The general result with regard to the 2 December scenario is that the deployment follows the general historical outline, but can still significantly depart from it.
To open up the game more, another scenario was added which starts at 11:00AM 1 December, which is the time the Allied army moved out to its attack positions against the French army. In the game, the Allies can bring their forces onto the map where they please and are not constrained in any way to the historical deployment of 2 December. The French deploy in much the same way for this scenario as for the 2 December scenario, but have many more options afterwards due to the greater distance between the armies. The downside of this scenario is that it is longer (16 turns against 9 for the 2 December scenario) than the main scenario. There are two questions that could reasonably be raised about this scenario: First, why not just adopt a freer deployment, and second, isn't this really an ahistorical what-if scenario? With regard to the first question, in general, making a deployment freer without creating games that are won or lost based on the deployment is a problem generally solved by making the process slower and more interactive, and eventually you run into the problem of whether players can contest each other's deployment, and if so, how such contests can be resolved. In short, as the deployment becomes freer, it starts to bump into all of the problems that the rest of the game system were designed to solve, which makes simply backing up the clock the easiest and most effective 'design' for such a system. With regard to the second (and easier) question, there is nothing that is more or less historical for one start time than another. All wargames are what-if scenarios in one sense by their very nature, and while it can be a complicated (and interesting) question as to what exactly is and is not permissible in a "historical" as opposed to "hypothetical" scenario, the start time for the game does not, I think, constitute a meaningful boundary between the two.
Two more scenarios were also added to the mix: one that starts at 7:00AM on 1 December and one that starts at 7:00AM on 30 November. Historically, the Allied army spent the day of 30 November and the morning of the following day re-organizing their army (a re-organization whose effects were still being felt on 2 December, the day of the battle. This period, however, was also an opportunity for the Allies as the French reinforcements had not yet all arrived by this time. These two scenarios allow the Allies to advance early, but with command penalties to reflect their organizational problems. While the greater length of these scenarios in terms of their turn count will likely result in their being less played than the first two, I suspect (and hope) that the playing time difference will prove less than the turn count difference would suggest. Handicapped by their command penalties, there will be pressure on the Allies to push for a result early and not simply to proceed at the historical pace and wait for 2 December before attempting a decisive engagement.
Adding scenarios may appear to be just an all-around good thing, but like many useful tools, it does have its drawbacks in game design. The most serious of these regards play-testing: for any given play-test time budget, it is easier to thoroughly test a single scenario than multiple scenarios. Suppose there is a play-test budget of 100 hours: with only one scenario, all 100 hours can be put against it, but with four scenarios, each gets only 25 hours. The game system can be well-vetted regardless of the number of scenarios, but as the number of scenarios increases, the thoroughness of the testing of their balance declines. In Napoleon's Triumph, the plan is to distribute the weight of scenario testing towards the two shorter scenarios as they are the ones that it is the most important to get right. I hope, of course, to get them all right, but as a practical matter, if the two shorter ones are well-balanced, and at least one of the two longer scenarios are as well, I will feel that I came out of it all right. Of course, an unbalanced scenario actually does have one real use: there are always games involving players of unequal experience where an unbalanced scenario can be just the thing that is wanted!
The attentive reader may have noticed that this entry has fallen short of what was originally promised. The question of scope limits other than those of time and space have not yet been addressed. Of course, other readers may have lost interest by now due to the length of this entry, and those readers have part of the answer to why the promised treatment hasn't been delivered. The remaining part of the discussion of scope limits leads into another topic, the object of the game, that is richly deserving of its own diary entry, and so will have to wait until next time...


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The Virgin Blue by Tracy Chevalier is an interesting, but also a very disturbing historic novel. The novel portrays the lives of two women separated by four hundred years, but both dealing with difficult marital relationships and cultural discrimination.
The Virgin Blue is novel with one plot woven between two story
lines. Both tales are set in the same locations in
I must agree with members of my book club, that the historical thread of The Virgin Blue is the best part. The background information about Catholic and Huguenot life was interesting as well as their differing views about the roles and sanctity of women. The historic characters are also more passionate and more poignant in the difficult circumstance they are force to face. I found it hard to sympathize with Ella and her American parochialism. She could have pre-learned the language of the country to which she was moving. She should have realized that starting a new family just when her husband was starting a new job might not be a good idea. And, as attractive as the French countryside is, Toulouse might have been a better place to slowly shift into French language and culture with more English opportunities for a frustrated American. It was not easy to become too emotionally sympathetic for the frustrated and bored Ella. Still I must applaud the author's incredible knack for weaving the two stories into one continuous plot. This, the historical and religious background, and the genealogical mystery surrounding the Turner/Tournier family tree make this a worthwhile novel.
Tracy Chevalier is the author of
the internationally bestselling novels. Chevalier has
a M.A. in Creative Writing from the
The Virgin Blue by Tracy Chevalier is an interesting historical read for a longer winter's night. If you are more interested in history and genealogy, and are willing to slog through the affairs of a bored American wife, this book is worth the read. I recommend the book.
© 2003 Su Terry
Su Terry: Education:
B.A. in History from Sacred Heart University, M.L.S. in Library Science from
Southern Connecticut State College, M.R.S. in Religious Studies/Pastoral
Counseling from Fairfield University, a M.Div. in Professional Ministry from
New Brunswick Theological Seminary, a Certificate in Spirituality/Spiritual
Direction from Sacred Heart University. She is a Licensed Minister of the
United Church of Christ and an Assistant Professor in Library Science at

subset: commoncrawl


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The picture shows a light-colored tinaco in Merida.
[Nyerges is the author of "How to Survive Anywhere," and other books. He has led survival skills classes since 1974. He can be reached at www.SchoolofSelf-Reliance.com or Box 41834, Eagle Rock, CA 90041.]
I've heard it so long that it sounds like some religious mantra: "Don't drink the water in Mexico."
The meaning is that a visitor to Mexico should not drink the water untreated. And why is that? One explanation that I used to hear back in the 1970s when I first visited Mexico was that, while every place has its own bacteria and organisms in their water, one will get used to the organisms in their water after a while. And supposedly, this also meant that native Mexicans could drink their municipal tap from the water without concern. When I went to language school in Mexico, I always boiled my water or added water purification tablet to the tap water, or purchased bottled water. Back then, I never thought about asking native Mexicans if they drank their water out of the tap.
More recently, having visited the Yucatan region several times, I asked some of the natives about this. These days bottled water is everywhere, and most of the people whose homes I stayed in purchased all their water and did not drink from the tap. When I asked whether or not they'd get sick by drinking water out of their tap without purifying it, they shrugged and said they didn't know. They buy their water.
Finally, I met someone who seemed to know a thing about the Mexican water situation. I asked Julia, who was an American who married a Mexican man and now calls the Yucatan region her home where she and her husband run a farm.
"Do you drink from the tap directly?" I asked Julia.
"No, though I'm not afraid to," she responded. "If I'm out in the fields and I'm thirsty, I will drink from the hose and I don't get sick. But usually, we buy purified and filtered water and they deliver it to our home."
Julia went on to explain that the tap water is used directly for washing, brushing teeth, irrigation, etc.
"When people say not to drink the water in Merida (Yucatan), I don't believe the reason is that the water has bad bacteria. I believe it's because the water here is very high in minerals and calcium, etc. And it's those minerals that might cause sickness if you're not used to it," explained Julia.
I asked Julia about the people living in all the small villages where they could not afford to buy water. "I don't know what they do," responded Julia.
"However," added Julia, "I've been told that in 20 years or so, you won't be able to drink the water in the Yucatan region because it will be so polluted." Julia pointed out that all the water in Yucatan comes from underground, and that the soil is very porous. She adds that everyone uses septic systems in Yucatan, and there is no sewer system (like in most parts of the U.S.) where the waste water is treated before it is discharged into the soil or water. Although the local politicians all talk about installing a sewer system after each flood, Julia doesn't think that will ever happen because of the immensity of such a project.
"Because the soil is so porous, when chemicals are used, they go directly into the ground water," she says.
"So, because there is no sewer system, there is flooding after every major storm, and everyone blames the mayor and they elect a new mayor who makes new promises, and then it rains again and floods again because nothing was done."
I concluded that it was a good thing for me to buy my water, or purify it, whenever I travel. And it's not wise to judge the water of such as large country as Mexico with one yardstick because the "water situation" of any country is vastly more complex than what I've presented here. Unfortunately, we should be suspect of most tap water and most open sources of water, wherever we are.
I asked Julia about the black tanks on nearly everyone's roof in most parts of Mexico. "Those are called tinacos," Julia told me, which my dictionary told me simply means "water tank."
In the United States, people often let their water run a bit so it starts to cool off. However, due to the lack of pressurized water in Mexico, most homes and buildings have large water tanks – tinacos – on their roofs. These then deliver the water by gravity as needed. But since these are traditionally black, the coolest water comes out first and then the water gets hotter as you let the tap run because the water was heated by the sun. Now you can find tinacos white or light-colored so that the water is not heated so much by the sun.
[Did you have any comments or questions about this story? I'd love to hear from you!]
[Did you have any comments or questions about this story? I'd love to hear from you!]


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Summer Assignments and Supply Lists
Summer reading is assigned to all students entering first through twelfth grades. In addition to summer reading, specific secondary courses require students to complete summer assignments. To access the assignments, please see the links below.
In order to be prepared for the school year, it is helpful for enrolled students to have school supplies on hand for the first day of class in August. We encourage families to recycle supplies from year to year.
To view and print the supply lists, please click on the appropriate link below.


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Watershed Education Program Inspires Seventh Graders Contributed by Maria Young, Northwoods Stewardship Center
Seventh-grade students in Brighton, VT and North Stratford, NH will soon be using their schoolyard as an additional classroom: a nature classroom! Through the generosity of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation and their Nature of Learning Grant Program, the Northwoods Stewardship Center has launched the Nulhegan Watershed Conservation and Education Initiative, and these students are the direct beneficiaries.
This novel project, a partnership between the Nulhegan Basin National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) and the Northwoods Stewardship Center, links seventh grade students to their watershed areas through a series of conservation related educational and fun activities. The project will use existing restoration efforts of Altantic salmon and their habitat as a means for students to explore and discover natural resources in their own backyard.
Connecting students from both sides of the watershed, common ground was explored by canoe, with autumn's golden-needled tamaracks as backdrop. Students began to imagine the struggles faced by salmon as the students themselves fought a stiff headwind in the headwaters of the Nulhegan River – the day's outdoor "classroom". Here, in the middle of the broad Nulhegan basin, looking up at the surrounding mountain ridgelines, it was much easier to imagine oneself as a part of the watershed. In the spring, these same students will become "citizen scientists", armed with thermographs to measure water temperature, aiding in an ongoing scientific effort to chart water temperature and determine the effects that climate change may have on the suitability of the Nulhegan River as a cold water fishery. Students will also work with fisheries biologists from the State of Vermont and Trout Unlimited to stock and monitor salmon fry. To culminate the Initiative, students will work on a riparian conservation project within the Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge.
Maria is the Education and Outreach Director at NorthWoods Stewardship Center, a non-profit organization located in East Charleston VT dedicated to connecting people and nature, through research, education and action.


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Rwimi SHPP is a small hydro power project that will be developed in western Uganda near the city of Kasese by Eco Power Holding ltd., an experienced Sri Lankan hydro power developer. It is a 5.6 MW greenfield project with 2 turbines expected to generate a total of 28 GWh per year. The Ugandan national transmission company UETCL will buy the energy generated by the project. Rwimi is an illustration of South-South collaboration, with a Sri Lankan company expanding its operations in Eastern Africa, with the support of BIO's financing.
The Rwimi project has been selected for support by the GET FiT Uganda program after a competitive request for proposals. The GET FiT Uganda program facilitates the development of small-scale renewable energy private projects through the provision of a performance-based subsidy payable on top of the standard feed-in-tariffs as defined by the Ugandan regulator. GET FiT is supported by international donors under the lead of the German development bank, KfW. This program is considered as a model to foster development of small scale renewable energy projects, with 17 project selected in 4 rounds with an accumulated 152 MW of installed capacity or 852 GWh annual generation and four supported technologies. The Rwimi project was among the first projects selected and has thus spearheaded the rollout of the program.
BIO is co-financing the project with the Norwegian development bank, Norfund. BIO provides the senior debt while the mezzanine financing will be brought by Norfund.
The project will positively impact Uganda's development as it will add to the energy generation generating capacity with clean energy, reducing the reliance on thermal power plants. This clean energy will supply to commercial and industrial enterprises, which consume two-thirds of the electricity in Uganda. Unreliable electricity supply is considered as one of the most important factors affecting business of large, medium and small enterprises.


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Love Message for Boyfriend
- The greatest weakness of most humans is their hesitancy to tell others how much they love them while they're still alive.
~ O.A. Battista.
- Two souls with but a single thought, two hearts that beat as one. - Friedrich Halm
- If I die and go to heaven, I put your name on a golden star. So that all the angels can see how much you mean to me !! I love you
- As I lie awake in my bed. All sorts of thought run through my head, Like why do I love you as much as I do. Then I realise its because you are you!
- Its so sweet when you get little love message hanging around the house for you, or sweet love letters with roses or even an i love you message in a text. Love messages are a great way to convey your feelings in a sweet, heartfelt, or playful way.
- If you can spend an hour in my mind, a minute in my heart, a second in my soul, you'll know how much love I have for you.
- What "love" is I don't know if it's not the response of our deepest natures to one another. ~ William Carlos Williams.
- I can't live without you. I love u.
Sponsored Links


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I love shooting new, unusual film stocks. One of the more unusual stocks that I hand-roll for our Film Photography Project on-line store is a scientific lab film by Svema. We call this low contrast, low ISO film "BW Super Positive" (iso 0.8!) because the film produces a black and white positive when processed using normal BW chemistry. That's right, you can process this film yourself in standard BW chemistry or send this film to any lab that processes BW! What you'll get is Super Positive results.
The film has an amazingly LOW ISO, so I shoot in daylight with my lens fully open at about 1/10th or 1/15th sec. I highly recommend the Gossen Luna Pro F light meter if you'd like to use a hand-held meter. It dials down to iso 0.8. I'm not sure if this is a blue-sensitive film but I recommend shooting in broad daylight (as I did in the above image). I processed in Kodak D76 6 minutes at 68 degrees.
Leslie Lazenby offered the following info on her image above: "When you pull this film from the developing reel you see positives not negatives with standard B/W negative developer. It's a true B/W - usually you think of slide film only coming in color! Although a challenge at first to find the right developer and time combo I found my standby Xtol nailed it. This film in real life is a Dactylographic film, used in the study of finger prints so it very slow and fine grained. But you can still hand hold on a sunny day. Hand processed in Kodak Xtol stock, 68 degrees 8 minutes, 5/5 agitation. I shot this with my Olympus OM-1n, Zuiko 50mm 1.8. I Light metered with a Minolta Flash meter set to it's lowest ISO of 3 then plus 2 stops from the reading to get to .75 ISO."
Long-time FPP podacst listener Kevin Collins shot the above image with his Nikon F3 / Nikon 50mm f/1.8 lens / Aperture: f/8 / Shutter Speed: 8s / Developer: Kodak Xtol (Stock) @ 20C for 8:00 minutes. / Scanner: Epson V600
Thanks for reading this blog on this super, unusual film! LOve to hear from you! You can write me at firstname.lastname@example.com
Don't forget to tune into the FPP Podcast!
You can pick up this film right here at the FPP on-line store.
Additional image results here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/michaelraso/albums/72157662607497840


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Pro-File:Michael Connelly
Michael Connelly decided to become a writer after discovering the books of Raymond Chandler while attending the University of Florida. Once he decided on this direction he chose a major in journalism and a minor in creative writing — a curriculum in which one of his teachers was novelist Harry Crews.
After graduating in 1980, Connelly worked at newspapers in Daytona Beach and Fort Lauderdale, Florida, primarily specializing in the crime beat. In Fort Lauderdale he wrote about police and crime during the height of the murder and violence wave that rolled over South Florida during the so-called cocaine wars. In 1986, he and two other reporters spent several months interviewing survivors of a major airline crash. They wrote a magazine story on the crash and the survivors which was later short-listed for the Pulitzer Prize for feature writing. The magazine story also moved Connelly into the upper levels of journalism, landing him a job as a crime reporter for the Los Angeles Times, one of the largest papers in the country, and bringing him to the city of which his literary hero, Chandler, had written.
After three years on the crime beat in L.A., Connelly began writing his first novel to feature LAPD Detective Hieronymus Bosch. The novel, The Black Echo, based in part on a true crime that had occurred in Los Angeles , was published in 1992 and won the Edgar Award for Best First Novel by the Mystery Writers of America. Connelly followed up with three more Bosch books, The Black Ice, The Concrete Blonde, and The Last Coyote, before publishing The Poet in 1996—a thriller with a newspaper reporter as a protagonist. In 1997, he went back to Bosch with Trunk Music, and in 1998 another non-series thriller, Blood Work, was published. It was inspired in part by a friend's receiving a heart transplant and the attendant "survivor's guilt" the friend experienced, knowing that someone died in order that he have the chance to live. Connelly had been interested and fascinated by those same feelings as expressed by the survivors of the plane crash he wrote about years before. The movie adaptation of Blood Work was released in 2002, directed by and starring Clint Eastwood.
Connelly's next book, Angels Flight, was released in 1999 and was another entry in the Harry Bosch series. The non-series novel Void Moon was released in 2000 and introduced a new character, Cassie Black, a high -stakes Las Vegas thief. His 2001 release, A Darkness More Than Night, united Harry Bosch with Terry McCaleb from Blood Work, and was named one of the Best Books Of The Year by the Los Angeles Times.
In 2002, Connelly released two novels. The first, the Harry Bosch book City Of Bones, was named a Notable Book Of The Year by the New York Times. The second release was a stand-alone thriller, Chasing The Dime, which was named one of the Best Books Of The Year by the Los Angeles Times.
Lost Light was published in 2003 and named one of the Best Books of 2003 by the Los Angeles Times. It is another in the Harry Bosch series but the first written in first person. To celebrate its release, Michael produced the limited edition jazz CD, Dark Sacred Night, The Music Of Harry Bosch. This CD is a compilation of the jazz music mentioned in the Bosch novels and was given away to his readers on Michael's 2003 book tour.
Connelly's 2004 novel, The Narrows, is the sequel to The Poet. It was named one of the Best Books of 2004 by the Los Angeles Times. To accompany this Harry Bosch novel, Little, Brown and Company Publishers released a limited edition DVD, Blue Neon Night, Michael Connelly's Los Angeles. In this film, Michael Connelly provides an insider's tour of the places that give his stories and characters their spark and texture.
His 11th Harry Bosch novel, The Closers, was published in May 2005, and debuted at #1 on the New York Times bestseller list. The Lincoln Lawyer, Connelly's first-ever legal thriller and his 16th novel, was published in October 2005 and also debuted at #1 on the New York Times bestseller list.
Michael will release two books in 2006. Crime Beat , a non-fiction collection of crime stories from his days as a journalist, will be released in May. The Harry Bosch novel, Echo Park, will be released in the fall and will be Michael's 17th novel..
Connelly's books have been translated in 31 languages and have won the Edgar, Anthony, Macavity, Dilys, Nero, Barry, Audie, Ridley, Maltese Falcon (Japan), .38 Caliber (France), Grand Prix (France), and Premio Bancarella (Italy) awards.
Michael was the President of the Mystery Writers of America organization in 2003 and 2004. In addition to his literary work, Michael was one of the creators, writers, and consulting producers of Level 9, a TV show about a task force fighting cyber crime, that ran on UPN in the Fall of 2000.
Michael lives with his family in Florida.
Pro-File: Michael Connelly
1 Tell us about your current novel.
It's called Echo Park and it is a Harry Bosch novel. Harry is assigned to the LAPD's open-unsolved unit and as such is assigned to take the confession of an imprisoned killer who wants to clear up old murders. One of those old ones was a case Harry worked about 13 years earlier and which has haunted him. Harry finds out during the confession that he could have caught this guy back then but made a simple mistake that allowed him to elude justice and kill other people. Harry has to deal with that guilt as well as solve a mystery that develops during the confession.
2. Can you give us a sense of what you're working on now?
I'm in the final editing stages of Echo Park and trying to think about what I want to write for a novella that will be serialized in the New York Times Magazine this summer. I have never tackled a 35,000 word story. Most of my novels run 100,000 words, so its the form as well as the story that are taking some thought.
3. What is the greatest pleasure of a writing career?
The freedom in the work as well as the freedom in life. I can work wherever I want to work. I write about LA but don't have to live there. I work at home and get to see my kid everyday when she comes home from school. Little things like that add up to great pleasure. As far as inside the work, the greatest pleasure is probably in knowing that it all comes from you. You start with a blank screen--nothing--and what you end up with is all yours.
4. The greatest DIS-pleasure?
When that blank screen isn't cooperating and what ends up on there you have to acknowledge is all yours. In other words, when its not going well it is not going well.
5. If you have one piece of advice for the publishing world, what is it?
Give writers more time to have the audience find them. I was lucky. I started only 15 years ago but I don't remember any pressure to have big sales and profit attached to my books. It seems like those expectations come down harder and sooner on writers today because of the publishing industry's increasingly bottom-line mentality.
6. Are there two or three forgotten mystery writers you'd like to see in print again?
I've been acting as sort of an advisor to the estate of Mercedes Lambert/Douglas Ann Munson. She wrote some really nice stuff about LA and I know there is at least one unpublished novel. I'd like to see her on the shelves again. They are by no means forgotten but I'd also like to see writers like Vicki Hendricks, Terrill Lee Lankford and Kent Harrington get the publishing attention I think their work merits. But I guess you could see answer 5 about that.
7. Tell us about selling your first novel. Most writers never forget that moment.
I have a strong recollection as well. My father was dying of cancer and my five brothers and sisters and their families came from all over the country to all be with him one weekend. We knew it would be the last time we would all be together with him as a full family before the funeral. One night we were all about to get together for dinner when my agent called and said he had sold my first book. I brought my dad some ice cream before dinner because chemo was burning out his throat. That was when I told him the news. He then announced it to everyone at dinner. it was a very proud moment for him and for me. He had really been important in supporting my desire to be a writer--certainly a long shot profession for someone to choose at 19. He died before the book was published but he had kept a mock up of the cover propped up on his bureau where he could see it.


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The Golda Institute offers training courses on a regular basis. Please contact Franceska to get more information.
Mental Health Alzheimer's and Dementia Workshops:
Training on detecting depression, anxiety and dementia
Developing an understanding of dementia, through experiential work with simulated exercises of the overload people with dementia can experience.
- Developing new ways of responding to and caring for the person with dementia - through a philosophy of care; communication techniques, programs and activities and understanding sexuality.
- Caring for the carers - able to understand, experience and use anti-stress techniques for caregivers
- Share experiences in dementia care with other caregivers.
- Identify local services to meet the needs of caregivers and the needs of the person with mental illness and dementia.
- Plan for the future.
Personal and Spiritual Development:
- Workshop for Men - Releasing Past Hurts and Reclaiming their Inner Strength and Spirit
- Workshop for Women - Inner Child Discovery and Healing. Reclaiming Your Feminine Aspects
- Nurturing the Spirit Within for Women and Children
- Connecting with the Spirituality of the Senses
- Understanding and Setting Boundaries with LOVE
- Nurturance for sole practitioners, middle management and sole business owners.
- Learn ways to care for yourselves, your business/work and be productive and fulfilled.


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An event every week that begins at 3:15 pm on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, repeating until June 28, 2018
Smart Cookie Club is now offering after-school care for children attending Givins Shaw PS!
For children ages 4-8 at studio 306 at Artscape. Pick up at school and care provided until 6pm. Homework help, outdoor time and activities/crafts provided!
Sign up for M/W/F or TU/TH or 5 days a week
$30 per day


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Anime Review:One Piece
by sanji
A boy named Monkey D. Luffy, inspired by his childhood hero "Red-Haired"Shanks, sets out on a journey to find the legendary One Piece, to become the new Pirate King. To accomplish this, he must reach the end of the most deadly and dangerous ocean: The Grand Line.Luffy captains the Straw Hat Pirates first through the sea of East Blue and then through the Grand Line. He follows the path of the deceased Pirate King, Gold Roger, from island to island on his way to the great treasure One Piece. On his way his crew grows to have a swordsman, a navigator, a sniper, a cook, a doctor, an archaeologist, a shipwright, and a musician.During the course of the story, the crew contend with both other less moral pirate crews and the Navy. The latter are the subordinates of the World Government, who apparently seek justice by ending the Golden Age of Pirates. Many background story elements involve the delicate balance of power between the World Government and the world's most powerful pirate crews.
Alright.there is a lot to say about this anime.It is just awesome.Anyone who have watch this anime will love it.Ask anyone on this site and they will tell you the same thing.Let me tell everyone something.I never liked one piece and I when my friend told me it had pirates and I was like I don't want to watch this crap.Put one day I had nothing to do and I tried it and I ended up liking it. One thing for sure the show will never get boring.There is a balance with the comedy and action. If you think that you have seen action you haven't watch One piece as yet There is hardly any fillers.So you will not have to wait for long time for a good episode unlike other anime *cough naruto shippuden cough*.
The storyline gets 9.5/10
The Animation at first is is about 6/10 because the anime was made around 1999 but now it is 9/10
The Characters get 10/10 because of two reasons they have a mixture of different personalities and no one is forgotten
Everyone don't watch the dub because the voices sound very bad Overall gets 9.5/10
Now watch this video (P.S.This video contain spoilers)
Now that you have an Idea of how the anime is you can watch it.


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Rapid Synergy is a comprehensive software development and consulting service that adapts to fit your needs. Whatever your project demands, you can count on personalized attention combined with superlative professionalism and expertise.
Contact us to find out how Rapid Synergy can help make the technology of today work for your business tomorrow.


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$45bn Facebook fortune pledged
Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan say they will give away 99% of their shares in the company to charity as they announce the birth of their daughter Max.
Mr. Zuckerberg made the announcement in a letter to Max on his Facebook page. Read the full letter here: www.facebook.com/notes/mark-zuckerberg
Facebook's international headquarters has been based in Dublin since 2009. The company currently employs 1,000 people in the capital.
31 year old Zuckerberg said they are donating their $45bn (£30bn) fortune to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative in order "to advance human potential and promote equality for all children in the next generation".
The shares will be donated over the course of the couple's lives. If Mr. Zuckerberg were to give away 99% of his shares immediately, he would still possess hundreds of millions of dollars.
Its initial areas of focus will be personalised learning, curing disease, connecting people and building strong communities.
This comes in the weeks that the Atlantic Philanthropies announced its largest ever donation towards curing Dementia in Ireland. The organisation, founded by Irish-American Chuck Feeney recently promised €138 Million (£97.5M) to Trinity College Dublin and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), to establish the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI).
'30 is the new 70′
Billionaire investor Warren Buffet congratulated Zuckerberg and Chan, proclaiming that when it comes to giving away your fortune, "30 is the new 70".
The letter to Max highlighted the important role of technology in achieving the couple's goals of advancing human potential and equality.
"Many of the greatest opportunities for your generation will come from giving everyone access to the internet," Mr Zuckerberg wrote to his daughter.
He said more details about the donation will be released once he and Ms Chan return from paternity and maternity leave.
Mr. Zuckerberg said he will remain chief executive of Facebook for "many, many years to come".
In a filing to the US Securities and Exchange Commision, Facebook said that Mr. Zuckerberg "plans to sell or gift no more than $1bn of Facebook stock each year for the next three years and that he intends to retain his majority voting position…for the foreseeable future."
Facebook is currently listing 280 available jobs at its Dublin headquarters, as Enda Kenny maintains that "Ireland remains an attractive location in which to locate and do business".


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For more than 30 years, companies around the world have relied on National Instruments for next-generation test solutions and superior market intelligence. The NI Test Leadership Council offers business and technical insight through strategic collaboration among test engineering leaders and proven best practice data and tools.
Interact with and gain knowledge from the industry's brightest minds and most proven trendsetters.
Exchange ideas, build professional networks, and share best practices for enhanced collaboration.
Outperform the competition by sharing technology road maps and providing product feedback with NI.
View NI's premier executive event
Gain visibility into industry trends to aid with planning for the future.
Set goals and measure success by studying key benchmarks used by best-in-class companies.
Learn how industry-leading companies, such as Harris, Hella, and Lexmark, collaborate with NI to refine test strategy, resulting in an increased efficiency and improved business.
Work with NI to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of your test engineering organization.
Join online forums to interact and learn test strategies with fellow council members.
Audit your current test strategy to see how NI resources can help maximize business results.


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Designed for rugged use in noisy environments where hearing protection is required. Headsets include a flexible noise-canceling boom.
Color: Black
Style: Dual Muff
Microphone Type: Boom
Configuration: Over-the-head / headband
Voice Activation (VOX): No
Receive Method: Dual Muff
Ruggedized: Yes
Push-to-Talk (PTT): In-line
Hearing Protection: Yes
Noise Cancelling Microphone: Yes
Noise Reduction Ratio: 24db
Intrinsic Safety Standard: FM, CSA
© 2017 Lightning Wireless Solutions All Rights Reserved.
MOTOROLA, MOTO, MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS and the Stylized M Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC and are used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. © 2017 Motorola Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. www.MotorolaSolutions.com


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Oh my. How quickly 2016 has passed. Crazy! And I've been really lazy when it comes to my blog and I am really sorry about that! One of my New Years resolutions is to update more often and I'm really seriously thinking about starting a vlog channel.. Would you be interested in my vlogs? Let me know and also what you would like to see!
Here are some pics of my NYE with friends! Had the best time 🙂
HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL OF YOU! May 2017 be filled with love, luck and happiness <3
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Because we recognize the importance of mathematical literacy and competence as a means to create a competitive 21st century workforce, at Cowan, we have devised a curriculum to help students develop sound mathematical understanding and reasoning. Our curriculum and instruction focuses on conceptual development and ample opportunities for students to justify and explore their mathematical ability. Using this two-pronged approach, Cowan students build mastery in the content area and develop expertise in generating mathematical proofs using models and equations.
For more information on LAUSD's mathematical instruction, please use the link below:
My Math
Eureka Math


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Three Luton youngsters had contrasting fortunes at the fourth leg of England Squash's National Silver tournament held in Ipswich at the weekend.
While Sophia John and Lily Main endured a disappointing event, Natalie Main enjoyed her best yet, finishing in an excellent second place.
Play started late on Friday night and Lily faced Lancashire's Saran Nghiem, the fourth seed.
Main produced arguably some of her best squash ever, but Nghiem was just too strong.
Next up Sophia took on Warwickshire's Anya Shah as although the LDSC player had a 4-1 head-to-head record, lost very tamely without winning a game.
Natalie received a bye on Friday and faced her first opponent, April Parry from Worcestershire, on Saturday morning.
She showed her class to triumph comfortably, reaching the quarter-finals where she faced Essex's Renitha Srindran.
After an unusually sticky start, Main recovered to win 3-1 and book a place in Sunday's semi-final.
Lily was in confident mood lining up to face Essex's Olivia Broderick, but the optimism was misplaced as she was overpowered.
Sophia then came up against Nottinghamshire's Mia Hardy and won the first set comfortably before losing the second in a lung-bursting 17-15 tie-break.
The exertion clearly had an impact as she was beaten in the third meekly, before regrouping to take the fourth 16-14.
However, Hardy's fitness proved pivotal as she took the deciding fifth comfortably.
Sunday saw a very early start for Natalie as she faced Warwickshire's Meha Shah.
Main had never taken a game off her opponent, an awkward left-hander, before.
The match started well though as she won the first 11-9, although Shah recovered to claim the second.
Natalie made it 2-1 by winning the third 11-9, before beaten in the fourth as it was all square.
Historically that might have signalled the end for the Luton player, but she showed tremendous maturity to take the match in the fifth, 11-9.
The fist pumps in front of the large crowd and England selectors showed what that meant to her.
In her penultimate match Sophia faced long-time rival, Cheshire's Lauren Hall, continuing her recent dominance in the fixture to prevail 3-1.
Meanwhile, Lily faced Kent's Isabel McCullough.
Main appeared to still be in bed in the opening two games before taking the third with some excellent squash.
However, she couldn't maintain the momentum as she lost out 3-1.
In the next stage John and Main faced each other's opponent from the previous round and John made short work of McCullough, whilst Main lost unusually tamely to Hall.
That gave them finishing positions of 19th and 24th respectively.
Natalie's final was against Yorkshire's Fran Hall.
The last time they met, in Pontefract, Main really rattled her opponent for the first time in ages.
The first game was nip and tuck, but Main squandered a game ball, losing 13-11 in the tie-break.
She recovered to win the second, but Hall took the third as the exertions of the morning's semi-final took their toll.
Main had an early lead in the fourth but failed to capitalise as the fresher Hall, who didn't have a final four encounter when her opponent withdrew due to illness, went on to win the match.
Natalie said: "I was really pleased with my squash this weekend and it's given me a lot of confidence for the rest of the season."


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Check out this video of session 3 made by some NS members. Leave them some comments. Big ups to member BigZero.
Solid boost in the freshly cut halfpipe.
Cody Barnhill tapping.
One of the many features in the rail garden.
Yeah get that grab!
Sammy C. has been seshing the park lately with some crazy stunt tricks.
Bag Jump!
More BagJump!
Landing on this thing is seriously like landing in feathers.
Jess has been slaying the pipe.
More hip action.
Everyone loves the BagJump!
Cody with an alley-oop flatspin.
Cody Barnhill and some happy campers!
One of the small jumps designed for getting the hang of switch spins and air sense.
Yay for sun.
Yeah I have my own servant, not a big deal though.
I will be giving away free lanyards and NS bandanas for 5 dolla.
Don't forget to stop by our room in staff housing (410) to buy a tall tee with GOLD on it.
Love Jeff


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Hey all, Exciting new features and optimizations can now be found in the nightlies and I'd like to take some time to go over the biggest changes. arachni_reproduce A new executable is now available, called arachni_reproduce, that let's you reproduce all issues in a report and then create a new …Read More
Tag Archives: plugins
Arachni Framework v1.2 & WebUI v0.5.7.1 release
Hey folks, It's that time again, although only the Framework has been updated, so let's go over the changes. Overall, this release should significantly reduce the amount of RAM that is consumed and the percentage of CPU that is being utilized. Optimizations Most of the changes fall under this category …Read More
Arachni 0.4.3.1- 0.4.1.1 bugfix release
Hey folks, You gave me some greatly appreciated feedback for 0.4.3-0.4.1 and this bugfix release is my response. It doesn't contain anything earth-shattering but merely sorts out a few pesky issues. More specifically: Framework v0.4.3.1 Plugins AutoLogin This plugin wasn't as thorough as it should have been and didn't keep …Read More


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The storm lasted no more than an hour. The sky had turned green, the tornado sirens sending folks racing for shelter. But in the end, the only thing that reached the ground was a torrential downpour that quickly overwhelmed sewers, creating deep ponds of water over many busy streets.
The driver of the new Mercedes-Benz SL65 AMG paused for a couple moments wondering whether to turn back, but after watching a half-dozen other cars splash through the deep water that had formed on Dearborn's Village Road he decided to give it a chance.
Cautiously, he pulled ahead, his right wheel riding the curb, but a car going the other direction sent a wake splashing towards the German sports car which gave an unhealthy hiccup and came to a sudden stop.
The engine of the $150,000 SL, it turns out, had just hydrolocked. Short for hydrostatic locking, that occurs when an engine designed to compress an air-fuel mixture suddenly takes a gulp of water which, as any physics student can tell you, cannot compress.


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Singa is building the future of karaoke. We're doing for karaoke what Netflix has done for movies and what Spotify has done for music in both the B2C and B2B markets.
For consumers we provide the easiest way to sing karaoke anytime, anywhere & on any device. For pro's we provide a truly modern karaoke solution unlike anything else on the market. Through serving both markets we are uniquely positioned to become THE brand in a global market representing a 15 billion dollar opportunity. Join us.


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"Feuilles de Tabac by Miller Harris, one of the four original perfumes from 2000, when the brand launched, is a masculine masterpiece displaying a certain faded solidity and endurance to it that feels somehow reassuringly lover, husband, dad, son. It has a particular polished and worn solidity that glows in places and darkens in others. Overall a seductive interpretation of exquisitely handled barbering tropes embedded in scattered fragrant pine needles, bruised sage, pimento, earthy patchouli and the singular scent of smoky, aromatic leaf, one of the most iconic and recognisable aromas in the perfumer's palette and one that Miller Harris understand instinctively.
This is also a perfume embedded in café memories and steam-fogged window rendezvous, falling in love over tumbling text books, rolled cigarettes, coffee and perfumed hair. Some perfumes are lucky enough to smell internally of memory, notes and accords seemingly already imbued with flashes and stains of before. This gently medicinal and herbaceous embrace of masculine warmth is one of those rare fragrances that allows you to feel loved and safe. The tobacco note is one the most original in the business, adroitly handled, an echo perhaps of past smoking, romanticised in recollection. More perhaps a sensation of momentarily lost in the past amid campfire and bonfire fumes, airborne souvenirs tinged with mulchy patchouli and the fragrant hiss of burning pine needles.
Feuilles de Tabac is a wonderfully complex masculine scent/perfume with a careful gravitas and subtle sense of smoky leafed sensuality. Ladies/Women? can enjoy its pleasures too, fortune has always favoured the perfumed brave and the notes are subverted, tonka bean adding a vanillic leather sweetness and the pimento just enough witty spice to toy with the notions of aromatic chaos."


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Before 1914
Regina In May of 1882 ... A Little Group Of Tents
The railroad arrived in what became known as Regina on August 23, 1882. The first settlers were land speculators who created a tent town at the spot where the CPR main line crossed Wascana Creek near the RCMP barracks and the Regina Golf Club. The townsite (due to other land speculators) was finally located in the middle of the bald prairie -- on a flat featureless plain, a couple of miles east of the crossing site. On March 23, 1883 the capital of the Territories was moved to Regina. In April 1883 the first permanent building arrived in Regina by flat car, from Troy (aka Qu�Appelle). It was plunked down on the corner of Broad Street and Victoria Avenue and promptly became the Dominion Lands office. In 1891 the sighting of the first car in the North West Territories was recorded at Carnduff. The automotive pioneers were adventurous Americans from Wisconsin.
By July of 1883 lots were changing hands on South Railway Street (now Saskatchewan Drive) for $800 - $1000 each. The first municipal elections were held on January 3, 1884 - 213 votes were cast. On June 19, 1903 Regina became a city. On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan and Alberta became provinces.
Boom Times in Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan�s early growth had been phenomenal.
For the 12 months ending June 30, 1906, 28,000 homesteads (66 per cent of Canada�s homestead entries) were from Saskatchewan. In 1911 there were just over 30,000 citizens - a twelve-fold increase from 1901.
The value of assessed property in Regina in 1904 was $2.25 million. In 1907 the value of assessed property was $12.25 million. Henry Black built more than 150 houses during these expansionary times. In 1910, wheat was $1.00 a bushel and Saskatchewan was booming. Its population had recently doubled (257,000 in 1906 to 500,000 in 1911). There was a revolution on the farm as power implements - threshing machines, tractors (steam) were in the fields - horse drawn implements faded from prominence, as did horses. There was a drought in 1914, but in 1915 a good crop was harvested. In 1916 rust struck the crop. A thresher received $5 a day, a soldier got $1.10 a day By 1917, wheat had climbed to $2.72 a bushel. The price was fixed at 2.21 a bushel until Aug 31, 1918.
War was declared in August of 1914 and by December 1915, 20,000 Sask men had enlisted. Compulsory military service was introduced in June of 1917. It almost broke the country apart. The conscription crisis was extremely divisive and a federal election in December of 1917 decided the issues.
In 1916 corruption charges against Scott administration rattled the province. In the end, the Department of Highways got caught and arrest warrants were issued for two MLAs. Each was sent to jail for three years. In the aftermath of this scandal - Liberal Member of Parliament W. M. Martin became premier of Saskatchewan.
Women got the right to vote in 1916
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American Catholic Radio: Journey With Christ–Faith, Worship, Witness
Week of May 08, 2017 — Program #17-20
Saint of the Week
This Spanish husband and father is the patron of farmers and rural communities.
Called to Witness
Judy Zarick speaks with Grammy-nominated songwriter, recording artist, and producer, Sarah Hart.
Called to Faith
The Most Rev. James Conley of Lincoln, Nebraska, on the importance of religious liberty both at home and abroad.
Catholic Treasure
What special devotion to Mary is often celebrated in Catholic schools and parishes during May?
Called to Worship
John Feister speaks with Karen van de Laat of the Catholic Restorative Justice Ministries' "Get on the Bus" program, that reunites children with their parents serving time in California prisons.


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Not too long ago, I posted my rebuttal to a poorly-thought out list of things to do before getting engaged at 23. While I felt that that list was insulting, immature, and advice that no self-respecting woman would ever follow, I do think that there are legitimate things that both men and women should do before they get married, no matter the age.
Before I misrepresent myself here, I'm not coming at this subject with a "marriage sucks the life out of everyone immediately, run quickly!" kind of attitude. Quite honestly, I couldn't feel more differently on the subject. If you are with the partner that is right for you, marriage lets you experience life more fully than before. That being said, I do think there are things that people of both sexes, but especially women, should do before tying the knot.
I say especially women because I feel like our society treats boys in such a way that fosters independence, while girls are…how shall I say this?…held to a different standard. We are not expected to do things that boys and men are, so oftentimes we don't do them – at least not without a little prodding.
I did some of the things on this list before I got married. I didn't do others. Some of them may not apply to your life. Whichever way you slice it, though, I think that these are some pretty solid pieces of advice that you should really, really consider following before getting married, whether you're 22 or 45.
1. Live on your own.
This doesn't necessarily mean "live by yourself," but live outside of your parent's house for at least a year before you get married. And living with your significant other doesn't count. Trust me, living somewhere without your mother there to tell you to pick up your room or to cook you dinner every night or to do your laundry every week teaches you responsibility.
It may not seem that way for the first few months, when you realize that you can skip doing laundry for a month and go to Wal-Mart at two in the morning and eat ice cream for dinner and as long as you keep your mess within the bounds of your room, no one else cares about it. But it really does. It teaches you how to handle freedom, and how to handle things on your own. That is something that you will want to have ready and developed by the time you get married.
2. Learn how to cook.
Don't take this as a sexist cultural expectation – I promise, it is just as much for your own good as it is for your future husband's. When I was learning to cook while my husband and I were dating, I would blow through scads of money trying out fabulous-sounding recipes and trying to master the art of culinary experimenting, which sometimes turned out great and sometimes turned out…not so great. (Ask my husband about the brown sugared beef tacos he refuses to forget). It was a ton of fun while it lasted, but I am so glad that I got that out of the way before we were married. Now I have one less thing to stress about, because I know that 99% of the time whatever I make is going to be delicious.
3. Graduate college and/or get a job that you can see becoming a career.
I say "and/or" because I am of the firm belief that college is not for everyone. But if you are in college, or if you want to go to college, at least finish your undergraduate degree before getting married. If you are not in college and don't intend to go, find a job that you can see yourself being happy with for a very long time. Or even both (although with this economy, I understand if you just go with "graduate from college" – I did). I was on scholarship during my four and a half years at college, and for all but one semester I took a full load of courses and was practically working full-time (30+ hours a week), and at some points even had multiple jobs. As stressful as that was, I don't think it could even compare to working, studying, and being married.
Being part of a marriage is a full-time job within itself. Whereas when you are just dating or engaged, you can say "I've had a rough day, I just want to soak in the bath tub and be by myself tonight," when you're married you can't really do that without coming across as a jerk because you live in the same house. And if you're married to the right person, you probably won't want to do that. You'll most likely end up putting homework and studying for finals in front of your marriage, or vice versa. I just can't imagine it being an easy situation. I know it's possible – I have friends and acquaintances who have done it and said that they wouldn't have it any other way – it just seems like a situation that is best avoided if possible.
As far as the other option – having a job that you are happy with having for a long time – this is very important. Once you get married, you find yourself worrying about things that you probably haven't had to deal with before – health insurance, car insurance, phone bills, student loan payments, rent, or even a mortgage. When you have this much responsibility, you can't just quit a job that you don't like as easily as you may have before getting married. If you don't like your job now, trust me – find something else before your trip down the aisle. It will save you a lot of frustration.
4. Be able to be alone.
I'm not sure how many people this applies to, but it definitely was something that I had difficulty adjusting to after getting married. While we were dating and then an engaged couple, my husband and I spent every spare second together. I thought that when we got married, our quality time would increase.
That is not always the case. Whether like our situation it is related to work scheduling, or perhaps one person having a job that requires a lot of travel, or other responsibilities that lay outside of the home, you will find that marriage does not always mean more time together. Be prepared, and able, to spend time by yourself.
This is something I still sort of struggle with to this day, mainly because I am the type of person that needs a lot of human interaction. But at the beginning of our marriage, it felt devastating.
If you also struggle with needing human interaction or being clingy or lonely, be proactive now, before you get married. Have a hobby that you enjoy doing solo. Read a book. Go see a movie by yourself. Take a walk. Don't handle this by moping and complaining about it to your spouse – it doesn't make the situation better at all. If anything, it makes it worse.
5. Get out of debt.
Obviously, there are some exceptions to this – long-term debt like student loans or mortgages are not going to vanish in an instant – but if you have a mortgage, a student loan payment, and a car payment, and your future spouse has a car payment, student loan payment, and a pile of credit card debt, you need to consider pushing the date back. Financial strain is stressful at any time, but when placed on a newly married couple, it can be a recipe for disaster, especially if neither person has followed a strict budget before. Try to eliminate as much as possible before you say "I do," even if it means asking your parents to cancel the shrimp buffet and the world-class photographer and seeing if they wouldn't mind helping you out with your debt instead. Or if you're paying for the wedding yourself, use that cash to eliminate those balances, or at least get close to it. It will be difficult, but fights about money are toxic within a marriage. It is worth a few extra years or a few less extravagant touches at the wedding.
6. Do something extravagant for yourself that you will not be able to do after marriage.
This seems kind of selfish – because it is, in a way – but after you are married, you no longer have "your" money. While you have the opportunity, do something that is just for you. I did not do this, not because I didn't think of it but honestly because I couldn't think of anything, but my husband did. He bought a brand-new Harley Davidson about a month after working at the HD dealership. We were engaged at the time, and I thought it was a bad idea, but I didn't say anything, and I am so glad that I didn't now. Looking back on it, he realizes that it was a dumb financial move, but he wouldn't undo it because it was his last "hurrah," his last time making a big purchase that he didn't have to okay with me.
So whether it is vacationing somewhere you have always wanted to go, buying that car you've had your eyes on for years, or something as simple as taking your tax return and blowing it on whatever you want (which, now that I think about it, I did do before getting married), do it now, while you do not have the responsibility to someone else. You may look back later and think "that was stupid of me to blow that money," but if you don't do it you will definitely regret never taking the plunge on your dream, whatever it is. Don't put yourself in a position to resent your spouse.
6. Go out of state by yourself.
Again, this does not necessarily mean alone, but it does mean without parental supervision and without the presence of your significant other. I myself did this only once, but I am proud to say that I know I am capable of getting from Columbiana, Alabama to Knoxville, Tennessee without a GPS and returning in one piece.
7. Understand that sitcoms are not documentaries.
Wives are not supposed to be nagging harpies, men are not helpless idiots, mother-in-laws are not always (but definitely can be) trying, and sex is not something that should be treated like a chore, withheld as punishment, or begged for like a treat. Those are the high points – I can feel an entire post devoted to this point coming up in the future, but that's about all I have in me today.
I could go on and on forever, I'm sure, with good, solid advice to give the impending brides-to-be in my life. Basically, my advice to you, if you boil it down to pure substance, is this: think about everything that you want to do. If you are able to do it unhindered and unaltered while married, it can probably wait. If you can't, and you really want to do it – go for it. You don't want "if I had onlys" and "I could haves" clouding over your marriage.


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Month: July 2010
Opium for the Masses: DIY Dope for the Whole Foods Crowd?
"Yeah… I used to homebrew but then I got into moonshining. But that's such a scene and y'know, everyone's doing it. Now I raise organic poppies and make my own heroin suppositories." Just wanted to jump on this before three dudes in Brooklyn do it and it all ends up in the New York Times Styles section. Via Dose Nation and EarthRites I heard of a gentleman by the name of Jim Hogshire who wrote the book on making ones own opiates from the completely legal, wild-growing, Opium Poppy. This book would be Opium For the Masses: Opium for the Masses was such a national phenomenon when first released in the early '90s that Michael Pollan wrote a cover story for Harper's magazine about the book, in which he he expressed his amazement that a common plant, P. somniferum, or the opium poppy, grows wild in most states, and could […]
Get Your Secret Space Colony Fix in SciFi Video Form
With NASA's budget constantly getting the axe wouldn't it be fun if somone else had an established space colony? Well, what if they were Fascist or Communist? That's the premise of this potential movie, this movie, and this potential series. This movie Iron Sky in the works from the people behind Star Wreck is a fan funded effort to make a comedy– about Nazis on the moon. These people have experience making movies with fan contributions alone from their Star Wreck series, but this is fairly ambitious. Iron Sky Trailer 1 Iron Sky Trailer 2 Also on the lighter side of Fascists-in-space comes this comedy from Italy based on a 2002 sketch comedy series. It's about a band of Mussolini flavored Fascists roughing it on Mars with no food, no water, and no oxygen. Fascisti Su Marte (Part 1, English Subtitles) Most recently is the pilot episode for a series […]
It Does Not Need to be This Hot in Here
Maaa-an. Sometimes you just wake up cranky at EVERYTHING.
Brands of the World
Wonder no more where you will be getting that vector image of BP's logo. Or Wal-Mart's. Or the Army of the 12 Monkeys. Brands of the World has you covered. While by no means exhaustive, Brands of the World does provide a nice sampling of logos, mascots and trademarks from around the world. It's a good starting place for browsing around when you're looking for branding inspiration or fodder for your next anti-corporate art action. Files are provided in EPS or AI. There's a little trick to downloading though: it makes you click through the terms and conditions approval screen twice before you get to an actual download link. Go forth and détourne, you gangsters of Photoshop.
Animals at War
Following up on yesterday's post about the Taliban's dastardly plans to pit monkey mettle vs. the infidels, I got thinking about humanity's tendency to enlist our animal friends in human wars. While animals were absolutely vital to pre-modern combat–war horses, Hannibal's elephant, pack mules, homing pigeons–the advent of mechanized warfare has made animal contributions to human conflicts somewhat more rare. Still, the 20th century and the early 21st have seen their fair share of attempts to ace the enemy in hand-to-paw/flipper/wing combat. Dig, if you will: The U.S.'s Bat Bombs – In the midst of WWII, someone got the bright idea to try to make a wide ranging cluster bomb out of hibernating bats, an empty bomb canister and small, bat-sized incendiary bombs to burn down Japanese villages. Yeah. Never got beyond the testing phase, due to it being a largely Rube Goldberg approach to a tactic that Curtis LeMay […]
Airport – Short Animation
Iain Anderson's 2005 short Airport makes use of the copyright free AIGA/DOT universal symbol system to chronicle a journey by air. Click here to watch. Nice bit of inspiration for what you can do with the public domain and a bit of digital manipulation.
Simians and Scimitars: The Taliban's Alleged Monkey Soldiers
This is what we call Slow News Day Gold. China's People's Daily Online reports: Afghanistan's Taliban insurgents are training monkeys to use weapons to attack American troops, according to a recent report by a British-based media agency. Reporters from the media agency spotted and took photos of a few "monkey soldiers" holding AK-47 rifles and Bren light machine guns in the Waziristan tribal region near the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. The report and photos have been widely spread by media agencies and Web sites across the world. According to the report, American military experts call them "monkey terrorists." What we have here, gentlemen, is a monkey gap. And I for one won't stand around waiting for these furballs to start shooting up Des Moines before I do something about it. I am hereby requesting $25 million from the Defense Department for the training of patriotic anti-simian sloth soldiers. Oh […]
Internet Killed the Late Night Talk Show Star
Alex Ross author of The Rest is Noise and New York Times music critic writes on a recent his The Rest Is Noise Blog New York Times article on late night TV: "….[T]he median age of [Jay Leno's] viewers has crept up to 55.6 from 46.6. Mr. Letterman's audience is slightly younger, at 54.7." The latest findings by the League of American Orchestras, drawing on their own studies as well as the most recent NEA study of arts participation, indicate that the median age for the classical audience is forty-nine. In fact, that's younger than the median age of the entire prime-time television public. Yup, so classical music is younger and hipper than late night TV. The demographic that fondly refers to themselves as "baby boomers" and likes to think of themselves as revolutionary likes late night TV more than classical music. Now most would think of classical music as […]
Fan Video for Clinic "Distortions"
An elegantly simple fan video to one of the greatest, simplest songs.


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A low-cost runner mat for aisles and industrial passageways, the Round Rib Runner provides anti-slip and noise reduction properties. The Round Rib Runner features an open ribbed linear pattern to allow for easy clean up. This mat also:
Ribbed pattern runs the length of the mat for easy cleaning and spill control.
Custom cuts are available in 2, 3, and 4-foot widths for $2.50 per square foot with free shipping. Please call 801-367-9133 to order custom sizes.


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It happened in central Missouri homestead over a hundred years ago, and my grandfather told the story this way:
"I had heard the grown folks say that they were scared until their hair stood straight up on their head, but I never believed it!
"Late one afternoon, my pa sent me, a boy of about 6, to my uncle's house, a short walk through the woods, to borrow an iron wedge. He said I could play with my cousin until bedtime, which in those days, was very early. I stayed a good while and it was dark when I started home.
"I called my dogs, but they were playing, too, and were slow in coming. When I heard the leaves behind me rustle, I turned to wait for my pet hound. And my heart just sort of stopped. It seemed jammed into my body where it had no business being. The animal was not my hound, but a large gray wolf. The wolf stood motionless, I stood motionless. When the leaves rustled again, I thought I would be faced with a pack of wolves-and me with no weapon but a big iron wedge. But there stood my dogs! The wolf trotted away.
"The rest of the way home I carried the wedge in one hand and my cap in the other. The cap wouldn't stay on my head. My hair kept pushing it off!"
Marjorie Z. Dawson
Leavenworth, Kansas
Back in 1955 a call went out from the editors of the then Capper's Weekly asking for readers to send in articles on true pioneers. Hundreds of letters came pouring in from early settlers and their children, many now in their 80s and 90s, and from grandchildren of settlers, all with tales to tell. So many articles were received that a decision was made to create a book, and in 1956, the first My Folks title – My Folks Came in a Covered Wagon – hit the shelves. Nine other books have since been published in the My Folks series, all filled to the brim with true tales from Capper's readers, and we are proud to make those stories available to our growing online community.


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Church History
Historical Beginnings of the Logan reformed Church
Presented by Eleanor Haak
September 1899 Lewis Rave moved here from German Valley, Illinois to his dad's farm that John Rave had bought. In the spring of 1900 John Rave and his son - in - law Dick Fuls and other families; Harry Bokkers, Hauko Janssen, Harm Haak, Hollstein, Henry & Albert Sieps, Johann Leuning and John Kruse from Iowa.
My grandfather, J.D. Heeren moved to the Lennox/Chancellor area in 1881 from the Freeport and German Valley area. When he was a postmaster in the late 1899 he decided to move to a farm because of his large family. In 1900 he bought 3 quarters of land east of Dell Rapids. In 1901 these 12 families met at the homes or the Hart school house for church services and Sunday school. More families came and in February of 1902 Rev. G. Zindler began missionary services and came once a month from Sibley, Iowa to look after the welfare and spiritual needs of the Logan Valley group.
Rev. E. Aeilts, a Classical Missionary from Iowa came in the spring of 1905 to organize the church. It was decided to name the church Logan Reformed. The first consistory meeting was June 12, 1905. J.D. Heeren was elected president, G.N. Heerren as secretary and Harm Haak as treasurer.
On March 7, 1906 the Ladies Aid was also organized and six members joined the first meeting. The cost was $.50 to join and $.10 a meeting. Mrs. J. H. Leuning was elected president, Mrs. J.D. Heeren secretary, and Mrs. H Janssen as treasurer. They had meetings twice a month the whole year. They had Bible study and sang hymns. The Aid had many bazaars. The items were listed and who gave the items, who bought them and what they sold for. A very interesting list to read. Many aprons, quilts, handkerchiefs, butter, eggs and at one sale there was tobacco listed. The Ladies Aid helped to build the church and parsonage with the sales.
On July 30, 1907 it was decided to build the church and it was finished in 1908. The cost was $3,694.50. It was paid for in one year. Several ministers were called but all declined. In 1909 the parsonage was built.
In 1912 Rev. Peter DeBuhr accepted the call and was installed on September 12, 1912. Later a barn was built so Rev. DeBuhr could milk cows, raise chickens and have a large garden. Before the church was built the Christmas programs were held in the large home of J.D Heeren. Frieda Rave remembers the barn that was built south of the church was used for the horses to be in when it was cold during church and Sunday school. Frieda also remembers walking with her older sisters during the week for Bible study and catechism at the G.N. Heeren farm. Other close neighbor children also attended. What they really liked was the cookies and drink that Mrs. G.N. Heeren gave them for lunch.
We can be very thankful that our church has continued to grow and we have several families that are of the 5th generation attending the Reformed Church. Let us continue to serve and help all people to grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior. Everyone is "Welcome".
Acknowledgements come from the 40th And 50th anniversary book written by Owen Haak, G.N. Heeren and Alvin Heeren plus Frieda Rave and others who gave information.
Ground Breaking for the new Church in Dell Rapids was on October 1966.


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Join us for a Forgotten 45 from an Irish garage band at 6:45am on Bo Chase in the Morning. Plus words & music of The Eagles on the Morning Feature at 7:25 & 8:25am. Plus a lot of fun and nearly a ton of Motown, Soul & Rock-N-Roll starting at 6am sharp tomorrow morning.
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