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When her term to bear grew full, then behold! There were twins in her womb. (Bereishis 25:24)The twins, of course, were none other than Ya'akov and Eisav.
It is what you might call a conceptual oxymoron. The idea of being a twin is that of (at least) two 'things' being similar to each another. However, in this case, Ya'akov and Eisav represented two polar, moral extremes, the farthest thing from being "twins" - other than in a physical sense.
Perhaps that is why the Torah adds the words, "in her womb" (where else would they be before birth?), as if to emphasize that until THEN they were twins. However, once they were born, Ya'akov and Eisav ran down completely different paths, Ya'akov towards G-d and Eisav away from Him.
According to the Midrash, even while still in the womb their religious differences were apparent, as Rashi explains:THEY STRUGGLED: . . . Whenever she passed the doors of the Torah (i.e., the yeshivah of Shem and Eiver), Ya'akov moved convulsively in his efforts to be born, but whenever she passed by the gate of a pagan temple, Eisav moved convulsively to be born. (Rashi, Bereishis 25:22)Thus, in reality, it seemed as if nothing was 'gained' by having Ya'akov and Eisav born at the same time, for they were as different as Yitzchak and Yishmael, who had been born from different mothers. Why the emphasis on the fact that they were twins?
The answer is alluded to in the following:Anyone who calls Avraham 'Avram' violates a Positive Mitzvah . . . Rebi Eliezer says, he transgresses a Negative Mitzvah . . . Having said this, then anyone who calls Ya'akov 'Ya'akov,' the same should apply! However, here it is different, because the verse itself later refers to him that way, as it says, "G-d called Yisroel in a night vision, and said to him, 'Ya'akov, Ya'akov . . .'." (Bereishis 46:2). (Brochos 13a)Thus, according to the Talmud, even though the Torah recorded it for posterity:G-d told him, "Your name will no longer be 'Ya'akov,' but 'Yisroel' will be your name . . ." (Bereishis 35:10)It does not mean the name change was absolute like it had been for his grandfather, Avraham. Rather, it seems from the Talmud that 'Yisroel' is a name that Ya'akov can be called, if and when the circumstances require it.
But, does it really make a difference? If both names belong to Ya'akov, and he is okay with each of them, then what difference does it make whether we refer to him as 'Ya'akov' or 'Yisroel?' It makes all the difference in the world, the Torah is indicating. For, Ya'akov is the twin brother of Eisav, but Yisroel, we shall see, b'ezras Hashem, is not.
After that his brother emerged with his hand grasping onto the heel of Eisav; so he called his name 'Ya'akov.' (Bereishis 25:26)The origin of his name 'Ya'akov,' was indicated in his birth. Though Ya'akov was conceived first, the rabbis teach, Eisav managed to be born first, making him the legal first born son of Yitzchak and Rivkah. However, for perhaps the first and last time in history, the twin literally followed on the heels of his sibling, something so significant that he was named - by G-d Himself (Rashi) - based upon the unusual occurrence.
Was this an allusion to the future? The final exile is called 'Golus Edom,' the 'Exile of Edom,' who descended from Eisav, and it coincides with the last 2,000 years of history referred to by the Talmud as, 'Ikvecha d'Meshicha' - the 'Heels of Moshiach!' (Sanhedrin 97a)
On the other hand, the origin of the name 'Yisroel' is far more heroic, having come at the end of a night's battle against none other than the ministering angel of Eisav himself. Before releasing the angel, Ya'akov demanded that he bless him, the result of which was:He said to him, "What is your name?"Thus, the name 'Yisroel' implies supernatural greatness, a level of spiritual perfection that Ya'akov and his descendants are capable of achieving when they overcome Eisav, when they cease to hold onto the heel of Eisav, but instead lead Eisav, as Yeshayahu taught:
He replied, "Ya'akov."
He said, "No longer will it be said that your name is Ya'akov, but Yisroel, for you have striven with the Divine and with man and have prevailed." (Bereishis 32:28-29)I am G-d; I called you for righteousness and I will strengthen your hand; and I formed you, and I made you for a people's covenant, for a light to nations. (Yeshayahu 42:6)In fact, whether we choose to lead or follow Eisav is the basis of another choice, that being how history as we know it comes to its eventual end:Rebi Alexandri said: Rebi Yehoshua ben Levi raised the following contradiction: It is written [regarding the time of the Final Redemption], "I, the Lord, will hasten it in its time." (Yeshayahu 60:22). "Hasten" and "in its time" contradict each other. [Rather, G-d is saying,] "If they merit it, I will hasten it, and if they do not, then only at the appointed time." (Sanhedrin 98a)Thus, the Talmud is saying, the Final Redemption is an inevitable reality. However, the Talmud is interpreting from Yeshayahu's words, just when that 'inevitable reality' actually occurs depends upon the Jewish people themselves, and their merit, that is, whether we lead mankind, acting as their 'light' and assume the role of a 'Yisroel,' or whether we choose to follow on the world's heels, on only the level of a 'Ya'akov.'
Similarly, the Talmud interprets:Rebi Alexandri said: Rebi Yehoshua ben Levi raised the following contradiction: It says, "Behold like the clouds of Heaven came one like the son of man" (Daniel 7:13). It is also written, "Lowly and riding upon a donkey" (Zechariah 9:9). If they merit it, he will come with the clouds of Heaven, but if they do not merit it, he will come upon a donkey. (Sanhedrin 98a)Thus, again, the Jewish people are presented with two choices, two extremes, regarding how the end of history can be played out, either with honor or with disgrace. And, again, like in the case of the previous quote, it is all a matter of merit, a merit that we are learning to be either a 'Ya'akov' or a 'Yisroel.'
And now, so close to the end of history, experiencing and witnessing Anti-Semitism, we have to wonder (and quick!) which path is it that we are walking, that of Ya'akov or that of Yisroel? The Final Redemption still eludes us, and if Moshiach is coming, it doesn't seem as if he is coming in on a cloud.
In fact, according to the Talmud, the animal that symbolizes Yishmael and his descendants is the 'chamor' - the donkey (Yevamos 62a). However, it is not the Talmud's way to take pot shots at nations of the world, especially by playing on a word in the Torah. There is a message to the Jewish people in this comparison of B'nei Yishmael to the chamor, one that takes on added importance at this late and troubling stage of Jewish and world history, for, if Moshiach is coming, he seems to be 'arriving' on a 'chamor.'
The first one emerged red, entirely like a hairy mantle, so they named him Eisav. (Bereishis 25:25)In other words, like Ya'akov his twin brother, Eisav's birth was the source of his name, the root of which is the word 'asah' (ayin-sin-heh), which means 'done.' As for his other name, 'Edom,' that is from the other aspect of his appearance at birth:
SO THEY NAMED HIM EISAV: Everyone called him this because he was made and fully developed with hair as a boy several years old. (Rashi)RED: A sign that he would always be shedding blood. (Rashi)Thus, Golus Edom has been a very bloody one, particularly for the Jewish people whose blood has been spilled the most at the hands of the descendants of Edom over the last 1,000 years. OnceMoshiach comes Golus Edom, now over 2,000 years old, will come to its inevitable end, may it be in our time.
Where does Eisav's strength come from? Yitzchak alluded to this in the blessing he bestowed upon Eisav at the end of the parshah:"By the sword you shall live, but your brother you shall serve; yet it shall be that when you are aggrieved, you may cut off his yoke from upon your neck." (Bereishis 27:40)Then what? Then Eisav's tremendous mistrust of Ya'akov surfaces once again, as it did back at the time that Ya'akov took the coveted blessings right from under Eisav's nose:
WHEN YOU ARE AGGRIEVED: It means, when Israel will transgress the Torah and you will have reason to feel aggrieved with regard to the blessings. (Rashi)But he said, "Your brother came with cleverness and took your blessing."And, when that happens, then the following becomes self-evident:
He said, "Is it because his name was called Ya'akov that he outwitted me these two times? - He took away my birthright and see, now he took away my blessing!" (Bereishis 27:36)It is a halachah - Torah principle - that Eisav hates Ya'akov. (Sifri, BeHa'alosecha, 69)That is, Eisav hates Ya'akov, but NOT Yisroel, for when the Jewish people rise to the level of Yisroel, Eisav himself is transformed and elevated. And not only does he no longer hate his twin brother, but he assists him in his service of G-d, as will be the case after Moshiach's arrival.
According to the Pri Tzaddik, that was a crucial part of the importance of saying, "Na'aseh v'nishmah" -"We will do and we will understand"- at Har Sinai upon receiving the Torah (Shemos 24:7). According the Pri Tzaddik, 'na'aseh' corresponded to Eisav (they share the same root word), and therefore neutralized him and his descendants, and 'nishmah,' whose root is that of Yishmael, neutralized him and his descendants.
However, as the rabbis point out, the Jewish people's Heavenly response is out of order, which is what made it so Heavenly (Shabbos 88a). For, most people do not accept anything until AFTER first understanding it; here the Jewish people accepted the Torah even BEFORE being told what it contained, and why.
Perhaps, this has also had a profound effect on history. For, even though Yishmael was born first, his attack against the Jewish people is last, after Edom has heaped upon the Jewish people his worst venom. Yet, it is amazing that millions of nazis (yemach shemam), were able to do that which hundreds of millions of B'nei Yishmael only dream of doing, but as of yet, have been unable to do.
According to the Pri Tzaddik, that is because when the Jewish people allowed the golden calf - which like Eisav emerged already formed and complete (Pirkei d'Rebi Eliezer 45) - to be built, they 'broke' na'aseh, the word which corresponded to Eisav, returning his ability to destroy the Jewish people. However, 'nishmah' had remained intact, keeping Yishmael and his future descendants at bay, relatively-speaking.
Thus, when the Talmud states:Rav Chisda and Rabbah, the son of Rav Huna, both said: Why is it called 'Sinai?' Because it is the mountain from which hatred (Hebrew: sinah) came down to the Nations-of-the-World. (Shabbos 89a)When? After the Jewish people broke 'na'aseh' when the golden calf was built, or rather allowed to emerge, right at the foot of Har Sinai! No wonder the Brisker Rav said that the mitzvah of the RED (Adumah . . . Edom) Heifer, whichRashi explains to be the rectification for the golden calf (Bamidbar 20:2), is the key to the Final Redemption! (Haggadah Shel Bais Levi)
The only question is, why then does Moshiach come riding on the donkey - the symbol of Yishmael - if we remain on the level of Ya'akov, the twin brother of Eisav?
The answer is both subtle and seminal, and it will explain much: current history, the destruction of the World Trade Center, otherwise known as the TWIN towers, and why there is an allusion to the latter in the parshah of the Red Heifer, as well as Tehillim 23:4. The key, we will see, b'ezras Hashem, is the chamor and the following posuk from a later parshah:Eisav had taken his wives from among the Caananite women . . . and Basemath, daughter of Yishmael, sister of Nevayos. (Bereishis 36:3)
And an angel of G-d said to her, "Behold, you will conceive and give birth to a son; you shall name him Yishmael, for G-d has heard your prayer." (Bereishis 16:11)As is becoming self-evident, the names of Biblical figures were chosen not just because they sounded nice, but primarily because they described the circumstances of the way the person came into the world. Thus, the Torah tells us, with respect to Yishmael, his existence came to be because his mother prayed to G-d - a seemingly Jewish trait.
From where did Hagar learn to turn to G-d in times of trouble, especially when she had been the daughter of Pharaoh, who taught her to rely upon idol worship instead? Obviously this was one of the most important lessons she learned while living in Avraham's household, and a powerful one at that. As Rashi points out:COULD I HAVE SEEN EVEN HERE AFTER HAVING SEEN: This is an exclamation of surprise: "Could I have ever imagined that here also - in the wilderness - I would see the messengers of G-d after I have seen them in Avraham's house where I saw them regularly!" (Rashi, Bereishis 16:13)Thus, Hagar, the mother of Yishmael, absorbed some very important spiritual qualities while living in the house of Avraham, which gave her the ability to save her own life long enough to give birth to Yishmael, the father of billions of descendants throughout history, and the source of Jewish trouble throughout history, and particularly now at the end of Golus Edom.
Thus, the Arabs are a praying people. They may not resemble the Jewish people in too many ways, but in this one aspect, they are extremely similar, even making a point of praying to only one god as one God. And, as Rashi points out elsewhere, it is this particular trait of prayer that identifies the Jewish nation and makes them unique:WITH THE SWORD: He (Bilaam) came against Israel exchanging his trade (the sword) for their trade (the mouth), for they conquer only through their mouth - through prayer and petition . . . (Rashi, Bamidbar 31:8)Not only this, but unlike Eisav, who was only born from Yitzchak, Yishmael was fathered by Avraham, the 'Ba'al HaBris' - the one with whom G-d made the eternal covenant, symbolized by Bris Milah, to which Yishmael was also subjected. And, he continues with this act to this very day, a merit, according to theZohar, that gives them temporary relevance to Eretz Yisroel.
Thus, any attack by Yishmael against the Jewish people is more primordial than one by B'nei Edom, for it reaches back to the time of the very covenant that set the Jewish people apart from the rest of the world forever. This never gave B'nei Yishmael the ability to be like the Jewish people, but as we can see today, it has given them the ability to make our lives difficult to the end, as the following quote prophesized:Israel will say to the king of the Arabs, "Take silver and gold and leave the Temple."The king of the Arabs will say, "You have nothing to do with this Temple. However, if you want, choose a sacrifice as you did in the past, and we will also offer a sacrifice, and with the one whose sacrifice is accepted, we will all become one people."
The Jewish people will offer theirs, but it will not be accepted because the Satan will lay charges against them before The Holy One, Blessed is He. The descendents of Keder will offer theirs, and it will be accepted . . .
At that time, the Arabs will say to Israel, "Come and believe in our faith," but Israel will answer, "We will kill or be killed, but we will not deny our belief!"
At that time, swords will be drawn, bows will be strung and arrows will be sent, and many will fall . . . (Sefer Eliyahu, Pirkei Moshiach, p. 236)
However, their ability to be spiritual has its limitations, as the Torah testified:"He (Yishmael) shall be a wild-ass of a man: his hand against everyone, and everyone's hand against him; and over all his brothers shall he dwell." (Bereishis 16:12)Ironically, it is with the Arabs that, for the most part, the most important physical commodity resides to this very day: oil. This has led to extreme and often perverse opulence amongst those who have been able to gain control over what has rightly been called, 'Black Gold.' And, this fact is what continues to tie the hands of the Western world from standing up against the whims of the Arab world, even when they are damaging to the world in general. A very ironic fact of history.
Hence, the concept of a chamor. A donkey represents physicality, materialism, and the very word for a completely physical entity is the word 'chomer.' The donkey is a beast of burden that exists for little reason other than to function in this way, and thus symbolize materialism.
Materialism? Wait, that's Eisav's - the twin brother of Ya'akov - domain. That's the world of the GOLDEN calf (and American is called 'The Golden Medinah'), the building of which empowered B'nei Edom to overcome B'nei Yisroel- and how! And, it is in the parshah of the Parah Adumah - the Red Heifer that comes to rectify the sin of the golden calf and end Golus Edom - that the Hebrew for 'twins,' 'hata'umim' is encoded in the Torah, the other name for the World Trade Center, the very symbol of American materialism, destroyed not by B'nei Edom, but by B'nei Yishmael.
What does all this mean? We have only scratched the surface and really ought to explore this more deeply. However, in short, it means the following: if the Jewish people rise above their Eisavian tendencies to seek materialism as a goal unto itself, then they will rise to the level of a Yisroel, and Moshiach can arrive in a spiritual and dignified manner: on a cloud.
However, if materialism (chomer) becomes too much of a priority in the lives of Jews, confining us to the level of Ya'akov so that we remain his 'twin,' then it will force Moshiach to arrive on a chamor - on the tail end of Golus Edom, finished off by B'nei Yishmael, who bear an aspect of what we ought to be, and are not. Our attachment to chomer will lead to the need for chamor, as part of the rectification process.
For, ultimately speaking, this is really the affirmation of the Bris Ben HaBesarim in every generation. We are first and foremost a spiritual people. The fact that we can be like Eisav and do his thing, sometimes even better than he can, is not evidence that we should. In every generation, it is the challenge of the Jew to infuse the material with the spiritual and thereby elevate the physical world and himself
And, it is no coincidence that Eretz Yisroel is at the center of that challenge today. For, after all, it is called 'Eretz Yisroel,' not 'Eretz Ya'akov.' It was at the border of Eretz Yisroel, as Ya'akov was returning home from Padan Aram, that he struggled with the Angel of Eisav, and received his new name, Yisroel. It is something to think about, and that's an understatement.
One more point to consider before closing. According to Kabbalah, history is not linear, but follows a path that resembles a U-turn. That is, the light of G-d that emanated out to create all that exists throughout history, at some point, reaches a 'bottom point' (which we seem very close to) and then turns around, returning back in the direction from which it originally flows.
Thus, at the beginning of Jewish history, we were in Egypt for 210 years, after which we wandered in the desert for 40 years. At the end of history, there will be 40 years of ingathering of exiles to Eretz Yisroel, followed by 210 years of resurrecting the dead in preparation for the World-to-Come.
Hence, if in history Yishmael came first and was followed by Edom, then it stands to reason that, according to this concept, in the end, Edom will be followed by Yishmael, as has been the case. This is especially so since, as history winds down, G-d will be looking to the Jewish people to fulfill the covenant that we sealed back at the beginning of our history - in Yishmael's time - at the end of history.
For, like a lender whose collection date approaches, as Moshiach comes closer, G-d will come to 'collect' on the Bris of Avraham's time from his final descendants. It will be Yishmael - who questions the very covenant itself - and not Edom - who accepted that ONCE we were the Chosen People, through no more - who will be Divinely chosen to inadvertently remind us of this fact.
Have a great Shabbos,
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Greetings everyone
Yeah its been a while, I been through a LOT and lost a LOT. Those that know me know what that is but im here.
However back to the subject.
For those that dont know, in Chicago its been some flash mob beatings going on in downtown Chicago, with young Black males basically jumped random people that has EVERYONE profiling ANY Black male in casual clothing.
Now where are we going? Folks dont get mad but this aint for my Black women, no disrespect.
But being a Black Man in this country is like being a perpetual target. And thats if you have NO goals.
If you are educated and not the norm you are REALLY treated like a pariah (He uses such big words and speaks good english lol)
I myself have been through a lot seeing this first hand and as well with close constituents. And its always the same, even in this tough economy, Black men suffer even more, with an unemployment rate that is double and triple the national average. Folk say go get a job, but what if you want more. Should you lower your standards, most folks will not hire a black man in a front position because they feel that Black men will scare away customers. In my original industry of architecture it is perceived that Black men are only good for production drafting but nothing that requires thinking.
I know many like myself who also are have education and experience but its not enough. And yes EVERYONE is suffering but Black men are still seen as inferior and we have to prove ourselves not only qualified but not a threat which is an oxymoron.
Because and intelligent Black men in this country is still perceived as a threat much is done to subdue the power of intellect. Now the media is a WHOLE different monster in the image of Black men, but when ever positive actions are done no one wants to put focus on it. At what point will a PR campaign to be done on the positivity of Black Men?
Chicago is full of many Black men that are contributing to the improvement of society from the Brothers of Alpha Phi Alpha (my fraternity) to the average man who takes care of his family. However that is never noted, but the violence of a few. So as you read this and see a young Black Male, dont see the negative and dont be afraid.. and most importantly dont assume, but the guy with a fitted cap on and a tshirt maybe more educated than you!


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Lewis Hall is located on the north end of campus and places you in a prime location to take advantage of the open green space that makes up "the first-year quad." Built in the 1950s, it is among the many buildings on the north end of campus with classic architecture and a great deal of history.
Lewis has recently been remodeled so there are new beds, dressers and desks, new flooring in the rooms and new carpeting in the halls and lounges. The rooms are fairly large, so you can rearrange the furniture if you like. Lewis is known for keeping warm in the winter but also stays fairly warm in the fall and spring, so you might want to bring a fan to keep cool. Each room has a large window, which allows for great natural light, with sections that open. A reading lamp is suggested.
Lewis has a main lounge equipped with comfortable furniture, a television, microwave oven and vending machines. Lewis is a smoke-free residence hall, as are all of the residence halls.
View photos of Lewis Residence Hall or view a video of a single room or a video of a double room.
View a Google spreadsheet with Lewis Residence Hall room dimensions.
Floor plans (PDF). These are not drawn to scale
Room Size:
Double: 14'8" x 12'4"
Single: 9'4" x 12'4"
69"wide x 65" long (45" w x 65"l in singles)
Venetian blinds are provided
(Traverse rods are mounted inside a recessed window)
Window ledge is 12" wide
Window bottom opens in; top pushes out
Single bed (36" x 80" - extra long sheets required)
Desk and chair
Bureau with 5 drawers
Closet (4'x2') with storage cabinets above
Permanent light fixtures above desk
Laundry: Next door in Gund Residence Hall
Washer ($2.00 per load)
Dryers ($1.50 per 45 minutes)
Recommended Items to Bring:
Click here for Micro-Fridge Rental information.
Desk top reading lamp (halogen lamps are not permitted)
Storage bins for under bed
Shower caddy
Quarters for laundry


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Letters to the Editor
Boat Show's impact
Re Key Biscayne Mayor Mayra Pena Lindsay's Feb. 21 Open Mic column, Boat show impact feels like a hangover: I have been attending, or participating in the boat show since 1953. Not since leaving its Dinner Key venue have I heard such overwhelming positive commentary.
The half-truths and innuendo from Key Biscayne officials lead the uninformed to believe Virginia Key, surrounding waters and the environment were abused. The Miami Marine Stadium Park and Basin were in fact closely monitored by the city of Miami Marine Patrol and environmental agencies to ensure all was properly cared for.
The excitement for 2017 and beyond is enthusiastic and I know the improvements in transportation and parking by the boat show are forthcoming.
Fred Darwick, Miami


text: Hi Tejun,On Mon, Apr 23, 2012 at 09:56:26AM -0700, Tejun Heo wrote:> Hello, Fengguang.>> On Sun, Apr 22, 2012 at 10:46:49PM +0800, Fengguang Wu wrote:> > OK. Sorry I should have explained why memcg dirty limit is not the> > right tool for back pressure based throttling.>> I have two questions. Why do we need memcg for this? Writeback> currently works without memcg, right? Why does that change with blkcg> aware bdi?Yeah currently writeback does not depend on memcg. As for blkcg, it'snecessary to keep a number of dirty pages for each blkcg, so that thecfq groups' async IO queue does not go empty and lose its turn to doIO. memcg provides the proper infrastructure to account dirty pages.In a previous email, we have an example of two 10:1 weight cgroups,each running one dd. They will make two IO pipes, each holding a numberof dirty pages. Since cfq honors dd-1 much more IO bandwidth, dd-1'sdirty pages are consumed quickly. However balance_dirty_pages(),without knowing about cfq's bandwidth divisions, is throttling thetwo dd tasks equally. So dd-1 will be producing dirty pages muchslower than cfq is consuming them. The flusher thus won't send enoughdirty pages down to fill the corresponding async IO queue for dd-1.cfq cannot really give dd-1 more bandwidth share due to lack of datafeed. The end result will be: the two cgroups get 1:1 bandwidth sharehonored by balance_dirty_pages() even though cfq honors 10:1 weightsto them.1:1 balance_dirty_pages() bandwidth split [ dd-1 | dd-2 ] | \ | | \**************************| | \*************************| | \************************| | \***********************| | \**********************| | \*********************| | \********************| | \*******************| | \******************| | \*****************| | \****************| | \***************| | \**************| | \*************| | \************| | \***********| | \**********| | \*********| | \********| | \*******| | \******| |************************ (constantly underrun) \*****|10:1 cfq bandwidth split [*] dirty pagesIdeally is, [ dd-1 | dd-2] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****| |***************************************************|*****|Or better, one single pipe :) [ dd-1 | dd-2] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************| |*********************************************************|> > Basically the more memcgs with dirty limits, the more hard time for> > the flusher to serve them fairly and knock down their dirty pages in> > time. Because the flusher works inode by inode, each one may take up> > to 0.5 second, and there may be many memcgs asking for the flusher's> > attention. Also the more memcgs, the global dirty pages pool are> > partitioned into smaller pieces, which means smaller safety margin for> > each memcg. Adding these two effects up, there may be constantly some> > memcgs hitting their dirty limits when there are dozens of memcgs.>> And how is this different from a machine with smaller memory? If so,> why?In a small memory box, dd and flusher produce/consume dirty pagescontinuously, so that over time the number of dirty pages can remainroughly stable. ^ dirty pages | +dirty limit | | dd continously dirtying pages |dirty setpoint v +******************************************************************* | | | v flusher continously clean pages | +--------------------------------------------------------------------> timeHowever if it's a large memory machine whose dirty pages getpartitioned to 100 cgroups, the flusher will be serving themin round robin fashion. For a particular cgroup, the flusheronly comes and consumes its dirty pages once on every (100*flusher_slice)seconds. The interval would be 50s for the current 0.5s flusher slice,or 5s if lowering flusher slice to 50ms.I'm not sure whether it's practical to decrease the flusher slice forext4, which for the sake of write performance and avoid fragmentation,increases the write chunk size to 128MB internally.For a number of reasons, the flusher's behavior cannot be exactlycontrolled. The intervals the flusher come to each cgroup go up anddown, fairness can only be coarsely assured.The dirty pages for each cgroup will be going up and down irregularlyacross very large dynamic ranges. Now you should be able to imaginethe challenges to avoid hitting the dirty limit, to balance the dirtypages around the per-cgroup-per-bdi dirty setpoints and to avoidunderruns. When there are 10 cgroups and 12 bdi's, the dirty setpointscould explode up to 10*12. ^ dirty pages | | dd continously dirtying pages + dirty limit dd stalled | ****** | | * * | * | * * | * * | * * | * * | dirty * * | * * + setpoint * * | * * | * * v * * | * * * * | * * * * | * * * * * | * * * * * |* * * * * | * * * | * | ^^ the flusher comes around to this cgroup | +--------------------------------------------------------------------> time> > Such cross subsystem coordinations still look natural to me because> > "weight" is a fundamental and general parameter. It's really a blkcg> > thing (determined by the blkio.weight user interface) rather than> > specifically tied to cfq. When another kernel entity (eg. NFS or noop)> > decides to add support for proportional weight IO control in future,> > it can make use of the weights calculated by balance_dirty_pages(), too.>> It is not fundamental and natural at all and is already made cfq> specific in the devel branch. You seem to think "weight" is somehow a> global concept which everyone can agree on but it is not. Weight of> what? Is it disktime, bandwidth, iops or something else? cfq deals> primarily with disktime because that makes sense for spinning drives> with single head. For SSDs with smart enough FTLs, the unit should> probably be iops. For storage technology bottlenecked on bus speed,> bw would make sense."Weight" is sure a global concept that reflects the "importance"deemed by the user for that cgroup. cfq (or NFS, whatever on the horizon)then interprets the importance number as disk time, IOPS, bandwidth,whatever semantic that best fits the backing storage and workload.blkio.weight will be the "number" shared and interpreted by all IOcontroller entities, whether it be cfq, NFS or balance_dirty_pages().And I can assure you that balance_dirty_pages() will be interpretingit the _same_ way the underlying cfq/NFS interprets it, via the feedbackscheme described below.> IIUC, writeback is primarily dealing with abstracted bandwidth which> is applied per-inode, which is fine at that layer as details like> block allocations isn't and shouldn't be visible there and files (or> inodes) are the level of abstraction.>> However, this doesn't necessarily translate easily into the actual> underlying IO resource. For devices with spindle, seek time dominates> and the same amount of IO may consume vastly different amount of IO> and the disk time becomes the primary resource, not the iops or> bandwidth. Naturally, people want to allocate and limit the primary> resource, so cfq distributes disk time across different cgroups as> configured.Right. balance_dirty_pages() is always doing dirty throttling wrt.bandwidth, even in your back pressure scheme, isn't it? In this regard,there are nothing fundamentally different between our proposals. Theywill both employ some way to convert the cfq's disk time or IOPSnotion to balance_dirty_pages()'s bandwidth notion. See below for myway of conversion.> Your suggested solution is applying the same a number - the weight -> to one portion of a mostly arbitrarily split resource using a> different unit. I don't even understand what that achieves.You seem to miss my stated plan: next step, balance_dirty_pages() willget some feedback information from cfq to adjust its bandwidth targetsaccordingly. That information will be io_cost = charge/sectorsThe charge value is exactly the value computed in cfq_group_served(),which is the slice time or IOs dispatched depending the mode cfq isoperating in. By dividing ratelimit by the normalized io_cost,balance_dirty_pages() will automatically get the same weightinterpretation as cfq. For example, on spin disks, it will be able toallocate lower bandwidth to seeky cgroups due to the larger io_costreported by cfq.> The requirement is to be able to split IO resource according to> cgroups in configurable way and enforce the limits established by the> configuration, which we're currently failing to do for async IOs.> Your proposed solution applies some arbitrary ratio according to some> arbitrary interpretation of cfq IO time weight way up in the stack> which, when propagated to the lower layer, would cause significant> amount of delay and fluctuation which behaves completely independent> from how (using what unit, in what granularity and in what time scale)> actual IO resource is handled, split and accounted, which would result> in something which probably has some semblance of interpreting> blkcg.weight as vague best-effort priority at its luckiest moments.Interestingly, our proposals are once again on the same planeregarding the delays and fluctuations. Due to the long delays betweendirty and writeout time, the access pattern for the newly generateddirty pages and the access pattern for the under-writeback pages mayhave changed. So even if cfq is throttling the stream proportional toits IO cost, the user on the other side of the pipe (with long delay)may still see the strange behavior of lower throughput for sequentialwrites and higher throughput for random writes. Let's accept the fact:it's a natural problem/property of the buffered writes. What we can dois to aim for _long term_ rate matching.> So, I don't think your suggested solution is a solution at all. I'm> in fact not even sure what it achieves at the cost of the gross> layering violation and fundamental design braindamage.It doesn't make anything perform better (nor worse). In face of thechallenging problem, both proposals suck. My solution just sucks lessas in the below listing.> > - No more latency> > - No performance drop> > - No bumpy progress and stalls> > - No need to attach memcg to blkcg> > - Feel free to create 1000+ IO controllers, to heart's content> > w/o worrying about costs (if any, it would be some existing> > scalability issues)>> I'm not sure why memcg suddenly becomes necessary with blkcg and I> don't think having per-blkcg writeback and reasonable async> optimization from iosched would be considerably worse. It sure will> add some overhead (e.g. from split buffering) but there will be proper> working isolation which is what this fuss is all about. Also, I just> don't see how creating 1000+ (relatively active, I presume) blkcgs on> a single spindle would be sane and how is the end result gonna be> significantly better for your suggested solution, so let's please put> aside the silly non-use case.There are big disk arrays with lots of spindles inside, or arrays offast SSDs. People may want to create lots of cgroups on them. IOcontrollers should be made cheap and scalable to meet the demands fromour variety user base, now and future.> In terms of overhead, I suspect the biggest would be the increased> buffering coming from split channels but that seems like the cost of> business to me.I know that the back pressure idea actually come a long way (severalyears?) and it's kind of become a common agreement that there will beinevitable costs incur to the isolation. So I can understand why youkeep ignoring all the overheads, costs and scalability issues becausethere seems no other way out. However here comes the solution that canmagically avoid the partition and all the resulted problems, and stillbe able to provide the isolation.Thanks,Fengguang


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The Network
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AV URL & Document Sandboxing vs Ransomware and Malware
AV, URL & Document Filtering
At the Domain level are vital in a modern cyber security solution. Protection against malware is an ongoing task filtering at the Domain level is key
Web Security
Advanced Web Security - Anomaly Detection, Behavioural Sandboxing vs Ransomware and Malware
Advanced Web Content Filtering includes
Anomaly Detection, Command and Control, Behavioural Sandboxing is just the start of how cloud based web security is now providing essential protection to all organisations. Using behaviour analytics to dynamically isolate threats from the whole network can make the biggest difference in combating all forms of malware or ransomware.
CCTV - Monitoring - The Story of Loss Protection
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Why do we have so man? How prevailent is monitoring in our society? what do people do at work? What risks sit beneath the surface at work?
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What we think are the how tos, what nots and the why nows, or something like that. Enjoy the read.
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It's not just simply about protecting yourself from the outside looking in, but from those already inside that are looking to get out. Insurance is a mitigating precaution.
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Is sadly another aspect of school life. Protecting both pupils and staff is an important aspect to IT services within a school, here is something that will help.
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Education is a vital element to life. Increasingly as technology advances and so too must Education's deployment of technical solutions. We have a range of services available.
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It's all about RISK, how to mitigate what could happen on the network, how to protect against data leakage, manage productivity and understand who is doing what, where and when.


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AWS Business Essentials
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Learn the business basics of Amazon Web Services.
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This course helps IT business decision-makers understand the benefits of cloud computing and how a cloud strategy can help you meet your business objectives. In this course, we discuss the advantages of cloud computing for your business and the fundamentals of AWS, including financial benefits. This course also introduces you to successful cloud adoption frameworks to help you consider the AWS platform within your cloud computing strategy.
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GALLOWAY TOWNSHIP — Only 20 of 28 school districts invited to a teacher job fair Tuesday sent representatives to interview potential teachers, reflecting a climate where schools are cutting, not hiring, a report in the Press of Atlantic City said.
School officials did tell the newspaper some districts are firing, but they say for the most part it is a tougher market for public teachers, according to the report. The job fair was held at Richard Stockton College, the report said.
Related coverage:
• Poll shows N.J. residents oppose school aid cuts, teacher layoffs
• N.J. teachers unions in 17 of 590 districts agree to wage freezes so far


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DreamBody Medical Centers
Customer Testimonials
Not Just The 5-Stars, Read All Reviews for DreamBody Medical Centers From Around the Web
I was so impressed with the staff during the whole process surrounding my treatment
* Individual results may vary and are not guaranteed
I have had such a positive experience with them
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They gave me the tools I needed for my weight loss!
* Individual results may vary and are not guaranteed
I am so happy that I had this procedure, my self-esteem is returning and I'm motivated to workout again
* Individual results may vary and are not guaranteed
While individual results may vary and cannot be guaranteed, DreamBody Medical Centers is committed to earning your testimonial and referrals through unparallelled medical expertise and care, exceptional customer service and a deep-rooted belief that, at the end of the day, how you feel and see yourself is what makes us look so good.
DreamBody's Average Rating on 10 Reviews From Across the Web:4.86 Out of 5 stars
I have already referred three people to your clinic. I am going to start asking for a finders fee! Teddy Ross
It's great how Dr. Budnick spends time with you to get to the root of the problem. He never seems to be in a hurry which shows he really cares.
I love the time DR. B spends with me. Not just asking about what I came in for exactly, but my over all health, he listens to ideas, thinks about ideas and solutions with an open mindset. I can bounce my "out of the box" ideas off him and he helps me to understand the bigger picture. One of the best doctors I've ever seen.
Great doctors and staff supplying a better way of life
Staff is great. The doctors address the issue and help get on in track to be in the best possible health you cAn be. They are very thorough check levels with blood work making sure the results. Are correct.
Customer service is amazing. Products are great!
Dr. Bunick listens and cares.
Dr. Budnick listens to me and works with me to help with my issues, rather than just dictating what I should do.
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Best doctor I have ever had. Too many positive things to list. I look forward to every vist. Thank you to the doctors and staff!!
Not anything much-office very accommodating to my needs. Respect & trust Dr. Ramon. Only thing that would be better is that u move back to Mesa!😀
Dr B is awesome and truly listens to my needs and concern. The staff is off the charts awesome!
The interaction and solutions have been key to my positive transformation this year.


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Is Why the South Seceded
South Carolina
Seceded December 20, 1860
But an increasing hostility on the part of the non-slaveholding States to the institution of slavery, has led to a disregard of their obligations, and the laws of the General Government have ceased to effect the objects of the Constitution.
Seceded January 9, 1861
Our position is thoroughly identified with the institution of slavery - the greatest material interest of the world.
Seceded January 10, 1861
It is denied that it is the purpose of the party soon to enter into the possession of the powers of the Federal Government to abolish slavery by any direct legislative act. This has never been charged by any one. But it has been announced by all the leading men and presses of the party that the ultimate accomplishment of this result is its settled purpose and great central principle.
Seceded January 11, 1861
Whereas, the election of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin to the offices of president and vice-president of the United States of America, by a sectional party, avowedly hostile to the domestic institutions and to the peace and security of the people of the State of Alabama, preceded by many and dangerous infractions of the constitution of the United States by many of the States and people of the Northern section, is a political wrong of so insulting and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the adoption of prompt and decided measures for their future peace and security,
Seceded January 19, 1861
For the last ten years we have had numerous and serious causes of complaint against our non-slaveholding confederate States with reference to the subject of African slavery.
Seceded January 26, 1861
Seceded February 1, 1861
She was received as a commonwealth holding, maintaining and protecting the institution known as negro slavery - the servitude of the African to the white race within her limits - a relation that had existed from the first settlement of her wilderness by the white race, and which her people intended should exist in all future time.
Seceded April 17, 1861
That the differences between the slaveholding ad non-slaveholding States can only be settled by the adoption of amendments to the Constitution, and that the interests of both sections of the country imperiously demand that the slavery agitation should be removed now and forever from the halls of Congress.
Seceded May 6, 1861
The General Assembly shall have no power to pass laws for the emancipation of slaves.
North Carolina
Seceded May 20, 1861
Seceded June 8, 1861
The Confederate States Constitution
No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law denying or impairing the right of property in negro slaves shall be passed.
And It's Still Legal
US Constitution, XIII Amendment
: Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.


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Tuesday, March 26, 2013
Matzoh Balls
In the event that I have generated confusion, the image below is gefilte fish being poached. Apart from the shape, they look scarcely different from matzoh balls. Regarding which I must admit I have always been an ardent advocate of dense cannonballs and I think I even included a recipe for them in The Lost Arts. But I think I might actually be going over to the other camp to join the denizens of the light, aethereal and fluffy. Yesterday I was about to mix up a batch as I do customarily and I thought why do I always make maztoh balls like this? Last year they were literally leaden and took a week to digest. Time to try something new. I readily confess I had no bloody idea what I was doing here, moreover I violated a cardinal rule of the holiday as you will see. If like me you don't mind breaking rules to get something done, do try these. Start with a good pot of chicken stock. Then mix a cup of matzoh meal with 2 tablespoons melted duck fat, 3 eggs, a sprinkle of salt, a teaspoon of baking powder, and about a quarter cup of Sierra Nevada. (I know, illicit, but tastes so much better than seltzer). Add more meal until they are barely rollable. Make walnut sized balls and drop one by one into simmering stock. They will rise. After about 30 minutes add in chopped parsnip, carrots, celery and onion and a generous amount of fresh dill. Continue cooking for another 30 minutes. The matzoh balls will be huge, poufy like clouds and delicate in flavor. If you must play by the book, use bubbly water. I can't wait to try this exact same recipe with good homemade breadcrumbs next week. OH just imagine beef broth and stout in the dumplings, with a hint of allspice. I might need to do this now and just forget the bread of affliction.
Posted by Ken Albala at 11:14 AM
1 comment:
- Ken Albala said...
P.S. In case you're wondering what else there was, a large leg of lamb, opened and seasoned with zaatar, smoked paprika and sumac, retied and then slowly barbecued. It was incredible. "Burnt" stringbeans. About 50 pounds of mashed potatoes. Charoset of course. Fresh horseradish. Pickled eggs.
- March 26, 2013 at 11:17 AM
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Singing Dead Rose
A dead rose makes a face like a singer in this isolated view
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Tag Archives: courts
Bushell's Case
In my previous blog post, I noted that I was dismissed from jury duty by the judge. Judge Richard Klaus had a series of standard questions that he asked of all the potential jurors. I had heard the questions during my first day of jury duty, so I had had a chance to think about them when it came my turn to answer them mid-week. They included the basic tenets of innocent until proven guilty and that the defendant does not have to testify, which I agree with. There was a question about whether I would give equal weight to all witnesses, police officers included. Yes, indeed. Then came the question that I could not answer in the affirmative: would I follow the instructions of the judge and apply the law, whether I agreed with it or not? Honestly, no.
I believe in the rule of law. I do not think people should punch others in the face, much less rape or kill each other. Yet there are a lot of bad laws on the books; generally I try to challenge them through the political process. But there's another way to challenge the law, and it is called jury nullification. If a juror or jury does not want to enforce the law, Bushell's case from the 17th century provides a precedent for them to "nullify" the law, regardless of the judge's instructions. Bushell's case arose from a trial of the Quaker William Penn and his co-defendant, William Mead, in 1670 in London. They were accused of unlawful assembly. The jury in the trial returned a verdict of "not guilty," which the judge did not like, so the judge had them locked up and fined! Most of the jurors, after several weeks, paid the fine, but Edward Bushell refused. He subsequently challenged the case in the Court of Common Pleas and Chief Justice John Vaughan ruled that the detention and fine were contrary to law.
I wrote an article about this case in 1981 called "Does Conscience Matter More Than Law?" in Update on Law-Related Education, when I worked for the American Bar Association in Chicago. I am being lazy here and quoting myself: "The liberty of the jury to decide as it sees fit–even if it decides differently than the judge would or ignores the law in coming to its verdict–is central to our system of justice. Juries introduce a wild card into the system, but one that is necessary if the system is to have public support." I still agree with what I wrote thirty years ago (and with Judge Vaughan), so I told Judge Klaus that I might not follow his instructions. He said, "Ma'am, you may go." I have to say, I was a bit disappointed.
Bushell's case got quite a bit of attention in the 1960s when juries refused to convict draft resisters; of course, jurors could also ignore laws that I believe should be enforced–thus I am unsure (along with a lot of others) about informing jurors about Bushell's case. It seems worth stressing, though, that the jury is a political as well as a legal institution. To quote myself again: "Jurors must, as the conscience of the community, be permitted to look at more than the mere letter of the law."
Jano Justice Systems and Jury Selection
I was recently on jury duty and did some informal inquiry and observation about the current ways in which Champaign County (IL) finds jurors. On a Monday morning, about 35 of us showed up at the courthouse in downtown Urbana and had a brief orientation. The staff handed us badges with bar codes and our juror number on them along with a brochure about petit juries. The brochure said that my name âwas drawn by lot from the combined lists of registered voters, licensed drivers, holders of Illinois Identification Cards, and Illinois Disabled Person Identification Cards who reside in this county.â The county uses Jano Justice Systems software to generate the jury pool. Apparently since 2003, the county has been using Jano in tandem with New World Systems to integrate the record-keeping and data management of the courts, according to this one article I found. âTogether, Jano and New World will integrate multiple agencies, including the Sheriff's Office, Correctional Facility, State's Attorney, Juvenile Detention Center, Circuit Court and Clerk, Adult Probation, Juvenile Probation and Public Defender so each entity has access to critical information stored on a single system." New World indeed. A detention center or a detention centre is any location used for detention. Specifically, it can mean:
- A prison A structure for immigration detention
- An internment camp or concentration camp
….. Click the link for more informa
Of the 35 people I saw that first morning in the jury assembly room, I saw two African Americans and one woman who was reading a Spanish language newspaper. Otherwise, everyone looked white. Thatâs about 8 percent non-white. There is a Champaign County Citizensâ Advisory Committee on Jury Selection that formed in 2008 to look at the racial disparities among jurors. According to Brian Dolinar, writing on the Independent Media Centerâs website: âFor several years the Courtwatch study conducted by the League of Women Voters has shown that while African Americans make up 60% of defendants, they represent 5%-6% of the jury pool.â
I was called back for the afternoon and sat through the voire dire phase, without being called. It was fascinating to watch the 13 jurors being questioned and selected. The person on trial was a white male. The next day, I was told not to come in. The third day I was told to report at 9am. I did so and was called to the jury box. There was another white man on trial. I was dismissed by the judge shortly thereafter, and thus ended my jury duty for this round.
While I was waiting at various times this week, I read a really good article in Communication Theory from February 2003 (13:1, pp. 5-38) called "The Racial Foundaiton of Organizational Communication." Authors Karen Lee Ashcraft and Brenda J. Allen noted that "the field's most common ways of framing race ironically preserve its racial foundation." They argued, rightly I think, that "the valuing difference approach ignores a … power problem. If corporate America is built around Whiteness–and if Whiteness is socially constructed as separate from and superior to darkness–how can we genuinely speak of valuing difference as a possibility?" (p. 16)


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Student Handbook 2018-2019
Each school or college at Cornell has its own policies and procedures. Use this handbook, together with other university resources, to get the answers to your questions.
If you have additional questions, please visit the Office of Student Services in 180 Statler Hall.
- Download the Student Handbook 2018-2019 (PDF)
- Archived SHA Student Handbooks (Note: For students who entered SHA prior to 2017-2018, please check the handbook appropriate for the year of your matriculation.)
If you find a topic that has not been included, or one that needs to be more clearly defined, please let us know.
Enjoy your studies!


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Author: Melanie Dickerson
Series: Hagenheim #7
Genre: YA Fairytale Retelling
Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
Purchase: Amazon | Barnes & Noble
Source: publisher
Evangeline is the ward and cousin of King Richard II, and yet she dreams of a life outside of Berkhamsted Castle, where she might be free to marry for love and not politics. But the young king betroths her to his closest advisor, Lord Shiveley, a man twice as old as Evangeline. Desperate to escape a life married to a man she finds revolting, Evangeline runs away from the king and joins a small band of servants on their way back to their home village.
To keep her identity a secret, Evangeline pretends to be mute. Evangeline soon regrets the charade as she gets to know Wesley, the handsome young leader of the servants, whom she later discovers is the son of a wealthy lord. But she cannot reveal her true identity for fear she will be forced to return to King Richard and her arranged marriage.
Wesley le Wyse is intrigued by the beautiful new servant girl. When he learns that she lost her voice from a beating by a cruel former master, he is outraged. But his anger is soon redirected when he learns she has been lying to him. Not only is she not mute, but she isn't even a servant.
Weighed down by remorse for deceiving Wesley, Evangeline fears no one will ever love her. But her future is not the only thing at stake, as she finds herself embroiled in a tangled web that threatens England's monarchy. Should she give herself up to save the only person who cares about her? If she does, who will save the king from a plot to steal his throne?
This is not the first time I have finished a Melanie Dickerson book within hours of receiving it, as I always get completely sucked in to her stories. This book is a retelling of The Little Mermaid, which is not a fairytale I particularly like, but I really enjoyed this story.
Evangeline is sheltered in the castle, as a ward of the king, and never really allowed to go anywhere or do anything. When the king tells her he has betrothed her to a horrible man, Evangeline runs away. To protect her identity, she fakes mute, and joins a group of servants traveling home. Except their leader isn't a servant; he's the son of a lord.
While stories that start off with deception are not my favorite, this one was handled well. And all was revealed earlier than one might expect, making most of the story not about the deception, but about what else is going on, politically. Eva was very reminiscent of Ariel, with her wide-eyed wonder at all things, her eagerness, and of course her voice. While Wesley was your typical hero character - kind, caring, ready to save the day - there were some things I was not a fan of (when your "protection" takes away someone's agency as a woman, we're going to have problems).
But despite that, I did enjoy this story. It was fun, it was cute, and it was a fast read. I adore Dickerson's characters and settings and her stories in general and this one definitely lived up to my excitement. I loved the secondary characters in this one as well, as we got to see more of them, and just normal friend interactions, something Eva has never had before. The whole political mess was a bit meh, as I'm not sure realistically that would have really been able to happen. Overall, this was a great story and I loved it.
Melanie Dickerson:
Website | Blog | Facebook | Twitter | Goodreads


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Charity Partnerships
Center Parcs has a proud history of supporting charities that make a difference to families across the UK. We are passionate about supporting organisations that share our ethos of bringing and keeping families together.
Since June 2016 our main corporate charity partner has been Together for Short Lives, the UK charity that speaks out for all children and young people who are expected to have short lives. We are proud to match fund donations made by our guests either through our website or Contact Centre and donate 25 breaks a year to the charity.
Together for Short Lives raises awareness and funds for the UK's 54 children's hospices that deliver lifeline care and support to children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions and their families. During our three year partnership we hope to raise awareness and vital funds to support the thousands of families who are caring for a seriously ill child. Visit the Together for Short Lives website to learn more about this incredible charity.
As well as national support, each Center Parcs village fundraises for their local children's hospice, allowing them to make a real difference to their local community. Find out which hospices our villages support below:
- Whinfell Forest – Jigsaw Children's Hospice
- Sherwood Forest and Head Office – Bluebell Wood Children's Hospice
- Elveden Forest – East Anglia's Children's Hospices
- Woburn Forest – Keech Children's Hospice
- Longleat Forest – Children's Hospice South West
In addition to our partnership with Together for Short Lives, between spring 2018 and 2019, we have pledged break donations to the following charities, so they can give families in need of support, some precious time together:
- Willow Foundation
- Ally Cadence Trust for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Give Us Time
- Josie's Dragonfly Trust
- Lynsey Ivison Trust
- Winston's Wish
- CLIC Sargent
- Amy's Retreat
This further support is reviewed on an annual basis.
Center Parcs receives a huge volume of charity requests each week and whilst we try to spread our support as much as possible, we are unable to help with every request due to the sheer volume.
If you would like to make a request, please contact our PR team by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com with as much detail as possible. You will receive an automated response acknowledging your email and we will get back to you within four weeks if we can help. Please note, we are unable to provide donations or prizes for raffles and auctions, or discounted breaks.
Together for Short Lives is a registered charity in England and Wales (1144022) and Scotland (SC044139) and a company limited by guarantee (7783702).
"We had a lovely time at Center Parcs, it is so hard going somewhere where my sons needs are catered for. Such a memorable break for us all. We really did have a lovely time, so nice to get away from our normal daily life."
Jamie's family - Visited Center Parcs Woburn Forest for a short break.


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We do not have a private parking lot, but feel free to park on Linden Road or 65th Street on either side of the church. A public lot is also available between Wornall Road and Brookside Road just about 1/2 block west of the church.
KCUCC is also easy to get to via public transportation. Take KCATA's MAX bus to the Brookside stop, and walk approximately two blocks south and one block east.


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Tim Tebow's emergence as the Broncos starting quarterback helped lead the team to a division title, but it won't result in a hefty increase in prices to tickets to watch him play next season.
The Broncos announced Friday that they will be raising the prices of some tickets to Sports Authority Field at Mile High (you'd think they'd need a price increase just to maintain all the letters on the signage) and lowering others next season. The biggest jump comes for lower sideline seats, which will rise 13.6 percent to $125 per game next season. Other seats are going up, but the net result is just a 0.6 percent rise across the entire stadium.
Most of the decreases are coming to seats in the club sections with some dropping by 19.6 percent before next season. The Denver Post has the complete list of price changes coming to the stadium next season.
Earlier Friday, the Lions announced they would be raising the price of their tickets by eight percent on average.


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Copyright © HBO
Olyver after sleeping with Ser Loras Tyrell, in what turns out to have been a plot by Littlefinger.
Season 3, Olyver Index, Olyver, Game of Thrones, EP305
Westeros.org is the premiere fansite for George R.R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire. Discuss the series on the forums and browse the fan-edited wiki. Read all about HBO's Game of Thrones, learn more about the books from our resource collections and play the MUSH.
New to the series? Read our spoiler-free review of A Game of Thrones.


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A fully searchable database of articles published in Notornis and Birds New Zealand is provided on the Publications page.
New issues (< 1 year old) are password protected. Each member of Birds New Zealand has been sent a password. Institutional subscribers have been contacted for their IP address to give their computers direct access. Please contact Roger Sharp to update your information or if you experience any problems accessing the articles.
The Society's quarterly scientific journal. This peer-reviewed journal has been publishing ornithological research relevant to New Zealand and the South Pacific since 1943 (originally as New Zealand Bird Notes). All Birds New Zealand members are encouraged to submit original papers or short notes on their bird observations or studies to the Notornis Editor: Dr Craig Symes.
Notornis has a wide circulation within New Zealand and overseas, and is provided to all members of Birds New Zealand. PDFs for each volume will be made available online as close as practicable to the standard publication dates (last day in March, June, September, December). .
The Society offers 2 Notornis Awards: a "Notornis - Student Award" and a "Notornis - New Author Award".
Birds New Zealand (formerly Southern Bird)
The Society's quarterly news magazine. This magazine provides a forum for members to report back on trips, society schemes, interesting bird sightings and to advertise coming trips, meetings and events. To submit an article or item for publication in Birds New Zealand, please contact the Birds New Zealand Editor: Michael Szabo.


text: Hello, Running kernel 2.6.18-8.1.4.el5.centos.plus on centos5, on shutdown sometimes I get: Starting killall: Sending all processes the TERM signal...scim-panel-gtk ...scim-panel-gtk[4065]- segfault at... error 4. (sometimes there is one segfault error and sometimes 7+] Also, [and this may be unrelated] I occasionally can't boot into X and need to: #rm /tmp/.X0-lock Then I can startx. I have noticed sometimes that I get the segfault, but the next time I boot, I can boot into X. I really don't know enough to guess whether sometimes it is finishing X and removing the lock before the segfault and sometimes it is not. I am not so unhappy with the situation but being unknowledable of course worry about what effects a segfault during shutdown may have. I do notice that after the segfaults, it goes on to unmount the filesystems and other things that it does normally (but I can't say everything normally as I don't really understand the normal steps of it shutting down). I'd like to: 1) figure out how to stop the segfault especially since sometimes the scim panel won't appear after a reboot (and requires another reboot to appear again). 2) see if the scim segfault is causing the trouble with X starting and if not, figure out why the lock is not being removed. If you have suggestions as to what to look into, I am happy to hear them. The only thing I have tried is googling scim-panel-gtk segfault and found scim-lib 0.99.6 is available (13 Aug 2004) Fixed a bug which causes segfault on x86_64 platform. But that must be a different bug as: rpm -qa | grep scim-lib scim-libs-1.4.4-39.el5.x86_64 I saw an RPM someplace for scim-debug but wouldn't really know how to go about trying to debug it. Shawn P.S. Note, I do not believe this is in anyway connected to being a centos plus kernel as on a stock kernel had the trouble.


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Bridlington RUFC get their league campaign underway this Saturday, hoping for better luck than in last weekend's Yorkshire Shield tie.
They conceded a last-minute try to lose 24-23 at Bradford and Bingley, who have dropped down from North One East this season.
Head coach Paul Cook expects to have a full-strength squad to choose from when promoted West Park Leeds arrive at Dukes Park for the Yorkshire One opener.
He said: "Paddy Waines returns and we just have a couple of minor injuries to check on.
"We are very keen to get off to a good start and confidence is high.
"We had chances to beat Bradford and Bingley but I am hoping we can go one better on home soil."
In their first competitive match since losing the Shield final in May, Bridlington conceded a try to the final play of the game.
Neither side were able to stretch out a decent lead during the 80 minutes, but with try-scorers including James Thompson and Gary Stevens, Bridlington were 23-19 ahead with 10 minutes to go.
However, the Bees were awarded a late penalty and kicked for the corner, knowing only a try was good enough. Bridlington defended a number of rucks well, but the home side eventually went over in the corner.
Head coach Paul Cook said: "It was a disappointing result. Bradford and Bingley are one of the favourites in this league and we played very well. We played more attractive rugby than them, moved the ball well and scored some good tries.
"I think they will be one of the strongest sides in our league and we deserved to beat them. I was pleased with the performance and it was crushing to have the win taken away in the last minute.
"However, there were lots of positives. They had a good understanding of how I am asking them to play and, while Bradford were very direct, I though we were very creative and that performance gives us plenty of encouragement."


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Tale of an Unknown Country Graphic Novels
Genre: Romance / Fantasy (Age Rating 13+)
Availability : Discontinued and Out of Print - Limited to Stock on Hand
Rosemarie is the princess of a humble kingdom.
Her brother wants an alliance with a bigger and wealthier neighbor, so he promises her hand to Reynol, the mysterious prince of the other country. But Rosemarie is determined to know who this guy really is first (and maybe even sabotage the wedding plans in the process.) So she assumes the role of "Marie," one of the maids in Reynol's castle.
Could it be that the young prince is not the ogre she imagined?
|Tale of an Unknown Country , Vol #1, Graphic Novel
|Tale of an Unknown Country , Vol #2, Graphic Novel


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Verse 29
Textual Analysis
This shoot was one of the most complicated of any we've done so far. Three of us were filming. I was on the ground. Ginnard Archibald was flying a drone. And Bob Miller was filming Greg while flying in another plane with Greg's friend Don Wade.
"It's not every day that you get to be flying in the air with your leg out the window," Bob said. "It was pretty amazing."
There had to be a lot of communication between the two pilots, but when Don would call his turns, he would transmit over Greg while he was reading the poem. So Greg would start over. And then it would happen all over again.
The verse was just a handful of lines. We had cheat sheets—lines of the poem printed on paper strips—taped to the instrument panel. But it took a lot to get through them.
As for the meaning of the poem, Greg said he had no idea what he was reading. So afterward he looked up the verse.
"And it was talking about the afterglow of sex!" he said. "Pretty funny. It was so heavy in metaphor, I didn't even get it!"
Even though he's a self-described "adrenaline junky," Greg doesn't take as many risks as he used to.
"When you're young, you're just bulletproof. And as you get older you start mitigating those risks with common sense," he said.
Greg has had 24 friends die in plane crashes since 1974.
"I have survived a few mistakes, and I look back and I think, But they didn't, and I don't know why. People are good pilots. And now they're gone."
The key to safety is practice: "You practice what you do, and then you do what you practice."
Over the course of his career, Greg has done more than 1600 performances, won a national award for best air show performer, and now operates a B & B called Sky Country Lodge, where he offers personal aerobatic training.
I think this shoot is an extreme example of the kind of hoops we ask everyone to go through for this project – and they do.
And thanks to Greg and Don we had the opportunity to show a small slice of Alabama from up above. It's not a view you get every day – but it's a good one.
by filmmaker Jenn Crandall, as told to writer Liz Hildreth


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Encore Performance At 46
Susan wants to move to Texas. She's a single mom who wants to start her life over again. Dave can't see why Susan shouldn't do it.
QUESTION: Susan in New York City wants to move to Texas. She's a single mom who wants to start her life over again. She's making $10/hour now but can live with someone in Texas and return to school for nursing. Dave can't see why Susan shouldn't do it.
ANSWER: Why would you not do this? You're only 46. That's the way you need to think about this. You're going to work another 25 or 30 years. You've got what we call an encore going on here. You get to come out on stage and have an encore. Yeah, move. It's what I would do. You can buy a plane ticket back to New York if you want to visit someone, and so can Grandma. She can buy one to San Antonio. They've got direct flights.


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Written by Gayane Simonyan
The Temple of Garni (latin "Gorneas") is a first century Hellenic temple near Garni district and the only pagan temple in Armenia that survived the adoption of Christianity as its official religion in 301AD.
The fortress of Garni became the last refuge of Armenian king Mithridates where he and his family were killed by his son in law and his nephew Rhadamitus.
Several buildings and constructions have been identified within the appended space.
Several buildings and constructions have been identified within the appended space.
The earliest traces of habitation date back to the Neolithic time. A Bronze Age and a Classical layer followed by 3 distinct medieval layers complete the occupation history of the site. The fortification circuit is built of huge basalt blocks with the weight of up to 6 tonnes. The curtain wall has been cleared to a 314 meters length revealing a series of rectangular towers, two of which border the ancient gate of entrance.
The peristyle temple is located at the edge of the cliff. It was dug in 1909–1910 but the full recognition of its architecture appeared merely in 1933. It was assumed to be constructed in the first century AD by the Armenian King Tirdates I, presumably funded by the money the king received from emperor Nero when he visited Rome.
In 1945 there was found on the territory of local graveyard by Martiros Saryan, a Hellenic inscription about the construction of the temple. The superscription named Armenian king Tiridates who built this temple. Probably the inscription meant Tiridates I of Armenia, despite the fact that some historians assumed that the inscription indicated Armenian King Tirdates III.
The actual building is a peripteros temple- a special name given to a type of ancient Greek or Roman temple surrounded by a portico with columns- resting on an elevated podium and was most persumably dedicated to the god Mihr. The entablement is supported by 24 columns resting on Attic bases.
Unlike other Greco-Roman temples, this one is made of basalt. Due to a different interpretation of the existing literary testimonial and the witness provided by composure, "montage" of the temple started in AD 115. The pretext for its construction could be the declaration of Armenia as a Roman province and the temple would have housed the imperial effigy of Trajan.
Recently another theory has been launched. According to it, the building must actually be recognized as the grave of an Armeno-Roman governor Gaius Sohaemus, a famous person in the Roman Empire in the 2nd century from the Syrian Roman Client Emesene Dynasty. If it is so, then the temple's construction would be dated to AD 175.
The temple of Garni was ultimately sacked in 1386 by Lenk Temur. In 1679 it was destroyed by an earthquake. A vast majority of the original architectural members and building blocks stayed at the site until 20th century, letting the building to be reconstructed in 1969 - 1975.
After the adoption of Christianity, several churches and Catholicos' palace were also constructed at the fortification site, but they are now ruined like most of the other constructions except the temple of Garni.


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Another reason we stay on Koh Yao
Noi is that we are within day-trip range of kayaking sites not reachable by day-trip from Phuket, and so much quieter and more pristine than the sites inundated by visitors from Phuket.
On the first day we pick you up on Phuket or in Ao Nang or Krabi, then transfer you to the island.
The day after arrival, after lazing about for the morning, you take the soft kayakong trip to Koh Nok. This is a gentle couple of hours' exercise that is suitable for unwinding after a long flight or too much time pecking at a keyboard.
The next day you take the private snorkelling and kayaking trip to stunningly beautiful Koh Hong.
On day 4, you take the private lagoon kayak exploration tour, which is in our opinion the very best kayaking trip in southern Thailand, particularly for those who dislike crowds.
The above two daytrips are private because we like to offer our customers the chance to experience these places without being bothered by other people.
It isn't possible to book either of the above trips on any other website.
On day 5 we transfer you to Phuket. Krabi or Ao Nang.
For many people this itinerary is too rushed and they want to add in a day or more of rest into the itinerary. This is no problem if you contact us.
This tour includes 3 nights' accommodation on Koh Yao Noi at Ulmar's Nature Lodge. A range of alternative accommodation is available on Koh Yao Noi. Except in low season, when it is closed, Lom Lae is a good upgrade option. The wonderful 4 star Paradise resort is a great upgrade at any time of year.
If you need help with domestic flights or hotel accommodation before/after
the itinerary, contact us.
For a custom-designed holiday, contact
Nov 1st to Apr 30th
Childrens' prices - contact us for prices, they depend on the childrens' ages and room sharing arrangements
- transfers from/to Krabi, Ao Nang or Phuket
- accommodation
- activities listed
- all breakfasts
- food except where mentioned – budget for THB 600 / day up
- drinks
We offer the following kayaking Thailand holidays and tours, click on one of our kayak holidays in Thailand for more information:
Click here for more information on kayaking in Thailand. Click here for info on all the activities and destinations in southern Thailand.
Click here for a Thailand kayaking slideshow.
We base our Thailand kayaking holiday kayakers in the following locations
(click on a location for more information)
Ao Nang
Koh Yao Noi
Koh Lao Liangi
Khao Sok
Taxis and Minivans - Prices and Times
What Tripadvisor says about us


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About Chinook Manufacturing & Assembly Services
For more that 35 years, we have grown our capabilities to meet our client's needs. We are known for our can-do attitude which began back in 1980 by a very determined Rob Martin, our Executive Director. Rob went door to door of local businesses looking for opportunities and built the business from the ground up. Today we employ nearly 100 people and utilize over 25,000 square feet…and the growth continues. Chinook Enterprises is a social enterprise – we are a non-profit designed to operate like a business. Profits from our assembly divisions fund the mission of the company which is to support full participation in community life for people with disabilities and other barriers. Through our mission we have helped more than 1,000 people find gainful employment in our community. To learn more about our mission and the work we do, please visit our Community Employment Services Portal.
Contact Us For A Quote
Chinook Enterprises is a social enterprise - we are a non-profit designed to operate like a business, but we have a social mission. Our award-winning production team is at your service.Contact Chinook Enterprises


text: These Model X floor mats just came out. I thought I would let the collective wisdom of the forum decide their merits.... If anyone has already has some of these in their MX, please let us know what you think of them. All-Weather Lloyd Mats Model X (6 or 7-passenger) Custom Set


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Southside/San Jose/Arlington condos
Southside/San Jose/San Marco/Arlington Condos
The Southside area of Jacksonville encompasses a very large area of town. San Marco is a historic riverfront community with a town center, located next to downtown Jacksonville. San Jose is located along several miles of the St. Johns River, and is home to The Bolles School, one of the most exclusive schools in Florida. Interstate 95 runs directly through the center of the area, making the Southside a convenient location for commuting. The Southside is also home to many of the popular shopping areas in Jacksonville.
East San Marco


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Make a Donation
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by Wayne Blank
Tyre was originally founded on an island and the adjacent mainland, probably as a colony of Sidon (modern name, Sayda). Sidon was the oldest Phoenician city, but Tyre would eventually exceed Sidon in fame and prosperity.
According to one ancient account, "Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighboring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira." Tyre became a grand city, as evidenced today by the remains of its Arch of Triumph (in photo).
In the time of King David, the Israelites and Tyrians were on friendly terms. King Hiram of Tyre sent cedar lumber, carpenters, and stonemasons to help David build his palace in Jerusalem (2 Samuel 5:11). Later, when Solomon succeeded his father David as king, King Hiram continued his alliance with Israel. All of the cedar and pine for the original Temple in Jerusalem came from Tyre (1 Kings 5:1-10).
Tyre consisted of two sections, a fortress on the mainland, and the main city which was constructed on a small island about 1,000 yards/meters from the shore. This arrangement provided it with good defensive capability - it withstood a siege by King Shalmaneser of Assyria for 5 years during the time of the fall of the northern kingdom of Israel in 721 B.C., and another by King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon for 13 years at the time the fall of the southern kingdom of Judah in 586 B.C. It eventually did fall to Greek warlord Alexander the Great who built a causeway out to the island in 332 B.C., but it still maintained much of its economic prominence well into the New Testament era under the Romans before its final destruction.
Jesus Christ used Tyre in His denouncement of the people of Korazin and Bethsaida for their refusal to repent -
"Woe to you, Korazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! If the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. But I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgment than for you." (Matthew 11:21-22)
Fact Finder: Tyre eventually fell and became a ruin because of its wickedness and idolatry. Was its destruction repeatedly spoken of by numerous Old Testament prophets?


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Shop Now
Hub Sports is your Fishing and Hunting Headquarters.
Hub Sport's offers great deals on packages and combined purchases. We stand behind our mission to provide you with the best quality, service and price. Let us show you the Hub Advantage.
The Hub Advantage:
Hub Sports will work with you to provide the best items and the best price! Hub Sport's inventory is continually being updated, and we offer great deals on packages and combined purchases. Can't find what you are looking for? Hub's has thousands of additional items in the retail store, which may not be reflected on our website. Hub Sports deals with many product suppliers, and if we don't have it in stock we can get it. We stand behind our mission to provide you with the best quality, service and price.
We specialize in:
- Fishing, Hunting, Archery and Fly Fishing
- Full line of Hunting and Fishing Licences
- Fraser Valley's only Saltwater Fishing Licence source
- Insurance claim specialists
- Scope mounting and sight-ins, bow repairs and arrow setups
Read more about…
Gun storage service now available (please call for details)
Serving the discerning outdoorsman for over 50 years
Hub Sports has an excellent selection of the best gear for the Fraser Valley and beyond. Our knowledgeable staff are happy to assist with the inside tip on where the fish are, and what it takes to catch them.
Fly Fishing
We love to fly fish at Hub's. We have a great selection of fly fishing equipment and fly tying material. On top of that, our staff can give the expert tips and ideas to help you succeed.
Hub Sports is the source for Archery equipment in the Fraser Valley. We're proud of the quality and caliber of staff and gear we can offer to assist you.
Call Hub's for great deals on firearms, ammo, clothing, game calls, hunting knives, scents, etc… We can equip you with the right gear at the right price.


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'rFactor' started by gingermillsy, Jan 14, 2010.
Has anybody any idea when a 2010 f1 mod for rfactor will be released ?
Not in a near future.
The cars hasn't even been released yet!
2011 :ooh:
Well not all drivers and cars have even been revealed yet (usf1 etc...) so it probably won't show up untill maybe june or july.
The real things haven't been made yet........
Never mind the virtual ones.
How long did it take for the first F1 2009 mod to come out last year?
About six months I think - not great quality though. A quality 2009 mod is still not out yet.
i dont know but in the server list in rfactor there is a server that has a f1 2010 mod/cars but i cant find anny thing more than a wip on RFC
Probably it's a F1 2009 mod (one of the bad ones) with the drivers from 2010.
hello all i have found a f1 2010 mod: http://www.formula-simracing.net/ ( you need to be a member to download it )
(the whole mod is based on the bmw sauber 2007)
one more: http://f1racing.vze.com/
Other one:
But don't tested it yet.
The F1MG backfire crashes rF, they are working on fixing it.
I think is this one,
Oh it's back up - the file wasn't available yesterday
Mod updated to 1.1.
Please check here. For the thread of the mod.


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Sunday, 22 June 2014, I saw an adult harvester butterfly near the #6 basket while playing a steamy afternoon round of disc golf. This butterfly does the egg, caterpillar, pupa, adult life cycle, but with a twist: instead of plants the caterpillar eats living flesh!
I escaped this encounter with my life because: 1) the adults do not have chewing mouthparts and therefore can't eat meat (unless it is liquid), 2) I am not a woolly aphid – the prey of the caterpillar, and 3) I am about the size of a small planet when compared to this butterfly. Still, you can never be too careful. The photo above was taken at a safe distance. This sighting also provided county occurrence documentation for the Butterflies and Moths of North America project, which would also benefit from receiving the butterfly photos you take while playing disc golf or other activities.
Another cool thing about this butterfly is by eating woolly aphids it is protecting a plant, the downside is the most likely plant hosting woolly aphids at the Harrison Road course is Smilax, or as it is better known: that evil thorny vine that makes throwing from the low woods so miserable. This butterfly may be the protector of our Smilax, or more likely, just a cool bit a biodiversity making our Harrison Road course just a little more special.


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Most employers' and senior managers' time is taken up with deciding on the best way forward for their businesses during the coming period. They generally do this either formally or informally, with reference to an overall strategy or plan. What successful businesses do not do however, is to respond only to external influences.
The strategy
Most employers' and senior managers' time is taken up with deciding on the best way forward for their businesses during the coming period. They generally do this either formally or informally, with reference to an overall strategy or plan. What successful businesses do not do however, is to respond only to external influences. Successful companies are proactive in their business planning rather than reactive. Businesses that rely on a reactive approach tend not to last because it is only a matter of time before events overtake them and they reach a point where they cannot deal with the circumstances in which they find themselves.
Key strategic functions
Any business strategy will set out the overall aims and objectives for the business, and identify the key strategic functions that must be dealt with in order to achieve them. Finance, purchasing, production, and distribution are just a few examples of these functions. Most senior managers would recognise these functions and would accept the need to address them as critical business issues. Successful businesses have plans that incorporate them into one whole strategy that sets out performance indicators against which progress can be measured. They understand the old adage, what gets measured, gets done! The question is how can these methods be rolled out to other organisations, large and small, so that they can reap the same benefits of systematic management? It would be useful if there were a ready-made framework for managing that managers could use. In fact of course, such things do exist as anyone familiar with quality management for example would know.
Quality circles
They will have seen how Quality Circles are one way of developing a cycle for continuous improvement in the production and/or supply of goods and services. Japanese methods for systematic management and production that were so successful during the 1980's and early 1990's, are further examples of the potential that proactive, management methods offer. The benefits are not just available to large organisations however. Small companies can also effectively use systematic methods; it is simply that their systems will be far less complex than those of their bigger brothers!
So what has all this to do with health and safety at work? Firstly, effective health and safety management can make a major contribution to the profitability of any organisation. Working safely for example, correlates directly with efficiency, productivity, and the avoidance of losses and waste. Health and safety must therefore be considered as a strategic function alongside those of finance, purchasing and distribution etc mentioned earlier. In other words it is something that must be managed and incorporated into the overall business strategy. Systematic management is therefore just as important in health and safety as it is elsewhere, and this means that we need a system to work with.
Fortunately, we do not have to keep reinventing the wheel here because such systems already exist; all we have to do is to tailor them to our own needs.
A five-stage management system
In its book, Successful Health and Safety Management, UK's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recommends a five-stage management system. This system has been adopted throughout industry and commerce because it is effective in any kind of business, and it is compatible with the ISO 18001 standard. Its great strength lies in its simplicity and its usefulness to companies regardless of their size and the nature of their business. The system can be adapted to suit particular circumstances, and so the exact form and degree of complexity will vary from company to company. Essentially, it provides the framework discussed earlier which can help to reassure companies that they are dealing with all the issues that confront them.
The system works in the following way. Firstly we decide on what it is that we want to achieve, for example that accidents and ill-health will be reduced to the lowest level possible, and below the national level for our business sector. We then develop roles and responsibilities for staff in order that they can contribute to the delivery of the overall aims and objectives. This may mean that some staff require training in order to perform the roles assigned to them.
Practical measures
Next we decide what practical measures have to be taken to achieve success, and in health and safety, risk assessment is one of the principal methods we use to do this. We then proceed to implement the actions we have identified as being necessary. We might for example implement a new work method, or begin to actually use any safeguards that have been introduced. Now that things are beginning to happen there has to be a process for monitoring the success of our efforts and the contribution we are making to the achievement of overall policy aims.
Monitoring might include such things as checking noise levels, health surveillance, and examining accident statistics in our companies. Finally, rather than simply plough on regardless of whether or not we are succeeding, we must pause to review our experiences and make some judgements about the suitability of the measures we have developed,- did our great ideas work?! Taking this a stage further, we can then carry out a full audit of the management system, asking ourselves some searching questions about our effectiveness at each stage. The results will enable us to reassess our policies if necessary, and move around the circle again, which over time will become a mechanism for continual improvement.
For more information, kindly direct your request to [email protected]