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WJEC Pastpapers, Question Papers, Exam Papers, Mark Schemes, Examiner Reports, Syllabus, Notes & Exam Prep Material
Download your required WJEC GCSE, GCE AS & A Levels, Entry Level Pastpapers, Question Papers, Exam Papers, Mark Schemes, Examiner Reports, Syllabus, Notes & Exam Prep Material here.
WJEC / CBAC, formerly the Welsh Joint Education Committee, is an examination board providing examinations, professional development and educational resources to schools and colleges in Wales, England and Northern Ireland.
WJEC's qualifications include traditional academic and work-related subjects at Entry Level, GCSE, AS/A Level, other level 3 qualifications such as Level 3 Diploma/Certificate in Criminology or Level 3 Diploma/Certificate in Medical Science as well as Functional Skills and Key Skills. As competition between examination boards on qualifications syllabi and educational standards for GCSE and A Levels is often discussed in the media, WJEC was interrogated by the British House of Commons on this matter and published a written declaration where it responded to the questions asked by the UK Parliament.
A recent report by the BBC shows that there is an increasing trend for exam papers to be remarked because of growing allegations of inefficiency in grading under WJEC. WJEC has introduced a computerized assessment system for some subjects to improve the examination experience and increase efficiency of marking
Search Keywords: WJEC Pastpapers, WJEC Question Papers, WJEC Exam Papers, WJEC Mark Schemes, WJEC Syllabus, WJEC Notes, WJEC Examiner Reports, WJEC Grade Thresholds, WJEC Preparation, WJEC Exam Dates, WJEC Revision, WJEC Revision Notes
WJEC GCSE Pastpapers, WJEC GCSE Question Papers, WJEC GCSE Exam Papers, WJEC GCSE Mark Schemes, WJEC GCSE Syllabus, WJEC GCSE Notes, WJEC GCSE Examiner Reports, WJEC GCSE Grade Thresholds, WJEC GCSE Preparation, WJEC GCSE Exam Dates, WJEC GCSE Revision, WJEC GCSE Revision Notes
WJEC GCE AS A Level Pastpapers, WJEC GCE AS A Level Question Papers, WJEC GCE AS A Level Exam Papers, WJEC GCE AS A Level Mark Schemes, WJEC GCE AS A Level Syllabus, WJEC GCE AS A Level Notes, WJEC GCE AS A Level Examiner Reports, WJEC GCE AS A Level Grade Thresholds, WJEC GCE AS A Level Preparation, WJEC GCE AS A Level Exam Dates, WJEC GCE AS A Level Revision, WJEC GCE AS A Level Revision Notes
WJEC Entry Level Pastpapers, WJEC Entry Level Question Papers, WJEC Entry Level Exam Papers, WJEC Entry Level Mark Schemes, WJEC Entry Level Syllabus, WJEC Entry Level Notes, WJEC Entry Level Examiner Reports, WJEC Entry Level Grade Thresholds, WJEC Entry Level Preparation, WJEC Entry Level Exam Dates, WJEC Entry Level Revision, WJEC Entry Level Revision Notes


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R&G Engine Case Covers are AMA Pro Racing approved
These super trustworthy R&G Engine Case Covers were developed to the high standards of selected race teams and crash tested within the R&G Racing Suzuki GSX-R Trophy. Constructed from 4mm polypropylene for quality, durability and great looks, they coordinate with R&G Crash Protectors perfectly.
- Constructed from 4mm polypropylene for quality, strength and sleek looks
- Coordinates with R&G Crash Protectors
- Quick installation - Bolts on over the original engine casing
- Adhesives, silicone or epoxies NOT required for installation
- Slimline for optimal ground clearance
- Lightweight with black matte finish
- Ultimate protection for the left hand side engine cover
These Engine Case Covers protect your motor from damage and debris in the event of a crash, drop or "minor" slide. Protection of this vulnerable part of your bike is hugely imporant. The cost to repair your engine can make or break a season!
R&G Engine Case Covers
|Manufacturer #

subset: commoncrawl


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Independent Shopping
By Jo Fishwick
As a blind person, shopping has been something that I do out of necessity and not really for pleasure. If I need new clothes, I usually have an idea of what I want and where I might find it. I'm usually accompanied by my husband or daughter, who are both fully sighted.
When a friend who has a small amount of vision suggested a shopping trip for pleasure, I really wasn't convinced but when I realised I needed a pair of shoes to go with an outfit for a party, I agreed to go.
So off we went to Exeter. We travelled to St. Thomas my friend with her long cane and me with my guide dog. Fortunately my friend had been to this shopping area before and with her limited vision and my pooch finding doors to shops, we browsed T K Max and Next, where I got to try on some gorgeous shoes, a weakness of mine :) . We had some great assistance in Marks and Spencer and sat and had a relaxing lunch together.
Feeling quite good about ourselves but still not having found the right shoes, we decided to walk into Exeter town centre. We asked for directions and weren't doing too badly at all. Until we got a bit lost. I thought my guide dog might get really stressed with us retracing our steps but he stepped up to the mark and stayed calm and wonderfully focussed. Using a combination of maps on my iPhone and asking plenty of passers by, we finally found our way to the main stretch of shops. I must emphasise that having a friend with me, meant that we could laugh about our mistakes and wrong turns. Had I been alone, I think I'd have been calling my hubby to come and fetch me before I had a melt down.
We browsed plenty of shops and had a much needed stop for tea and cake. I finally found the perfect shoes and feeling very pleased with ourselves, we made our way back to St. David's station this time and tired but content, we travelled home.
I should point out that our shopping trip took a full day and had we been with someone sighted, it would probably have been over much quicker. However, we had a lovely day and had allowed ourselves the whole day, so we wouldn't need to rush or panic buy. We probably attracted some amused glances at times too, with my friend using her magnifier to try and read prices and me using Seeing AI or Tap Tap See to identify colours. The truth is though is that we didn't care. We were being independent and will definitely go shopping together again.


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A few times, after finding the cottage cheese container buried in the back of the fridge, well past its expiration date, I've tossed it out. Recently, I got ready to toss out another container, but had a 2nd thought. I opened the container and it was soured. I poured the cottage cheese in a colander and ran cool water over it, till it was thoroughly rinsed.
By Terri from NV
Add your voice! Click below to comment. ThriftyFun is powered by your wisdom!
thank you for the great tip I have tryed it and was very thankful for not having to throw out the cottage cheese because I am always forgeting to use it so thank you again Jay
After having food poisoning from dairy I wouldn't eat ANYTHING that smells sour. I was sick for five days from cheddar cheese.
I agree! Back in the day, I had an opened container of sour cream that sat too long in fridge way past the date. I thought, hey, I will make cookies with it and kill the germs. The only thing it almost killed was me and my friend. We were so sick. I am very good now about not keeping old food. That is why potlucks scare me people don't practice good food saftey.
Outdated "soured" cottage cheese can also be put in the blender and used in place of sour cream in recipes or on baked potatoes.
What an ingenious way to use up something that would have been thrown away! I have used cottage cheese up to a month past its due date without it souring just by turning the carton up-side down when I brought it home from the grocery store.
I think you are pushing your luck.
It's one thing to check and taste to see if the product is 'off' and to use if the expiration is past the date as long as it tastes and smells ok, but to resurrect this from the 'beyond point' is asking for trouble. Maybe you have a tough stomach, but you could make someone with a young or compromised immune system very ill.
I have a date that is 20 days old and it doesn't smell sour or taste sour. I think I'll give it a try. Maybe cooking it in lasagna will kill germs?
I always "sour" my cottage cheese with some lemon juice before mixing it with Italian Seasoning, Parmesan and a beaten egg for use as a layer in Lasagna. For any that seems a bit old, I would drain and rinse, then do the same.
Souring with lemon is not at all the same thing as eating old bacteria-laden cottage cheese. Your post belongs on a cooking blog, not a blog about the potentially very harmful effects of eating old dairy products.
Add your voice! Click below to comment. ThriftyFun is powered by your wisdom!


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Attention Sales Leaders… 5 Key Ingredients To Fuel Sales Growth
18 Write an article Today's modern sales team faces numerous and daunting challenges in a highly connected, networked business world. They're wrestling with major changes in their markets brought on by information-empowered buyers and digitization within the sales...read more
Are You Creating Differentiation or Blending Into The Sea Of Sameness?
A sales rep's value comes from the buyer's need for them People will not engage in a business conversation or buy from you if they don't understand why they should pay attention to you. In Why Should I Talk To You? Does Your Value Proposition Open Sales Doors? I...read more
Are You Creating Visibility? My Journey To Outbound!
Nothing Brings About Success Like Walking Through The Right Doors Those close to me, who know the real me, know I have no problem asking for help. Asking for help is not a sign of weakness. It is an opportunity to expand your horizons. I'm flabbergasted by the amount...read more
7 Social Steps You Can Use To Help Crush Your Sales Quota!
Hitting quota or not hitting quota... The harsh reality boils down to this question... Are you at quota? There comes a point in a sales professional's career when he or she misses quota. Maintaining a pipeline is similar to running a business; it takes focus,...read more
You Are What Your Customers Say You Are!
Ever ask your customers what they think of you? Are you ready to hear the truth? Or a better question would be, "Do you want to hear the truth?" "Your perception may not be my reality" Aporva Kala No matter how excellent you think you are, your success depends first...read more
How Community Service Can Enhance Your Sales.
"The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others." Gandhi Community service allows those who participate to reflect on the difference they're making in society. Volunteering within the community teaches people of all ages and backgrounds...read more
5 Reasons Why All Sales Leaders Must Have Strong LinkedIn Profiles
How's your reputation and credibility in your marketplace? How well are you promoting yourself? Attention all sales leaders... It's time to take what you do with LinkedIn seriously! "As a business leader somewhat in the spotlight, it is impossible to hide" Cédric...read more
5 Yiddish Words That Remind Me Of Sales Reps Part 2… Oy Vey!
"The heaviest thing in the world is an empty pocket." Yiddish Proverb Translated to sales... "The heaviest burden a sales rep can carry is an empty sales funnel." In driving home a serious sales point, I made conscious decision to bring in some of my Jewish heritage...read more
5 Yiddish Words That Remind Me Of Sales Reps… Oy Vey!
It's everywhere! Sales bullpens filled with sales reps complaining about lack of leads, crappy comp plans, too much paperwork, losing deals based on price; you name it they find something to bitch about. One could say it's a completely natural part of the sales...read more
3 Reasons Why You Are What Your LinkedIn Profile Says You Are – A Sales Rep!
The Hall of Fame head coach Bill Parcells, when asked if his mediocre team were a bunch of 'winners or losers,' he responded by saying... "You are what your record says you are" Bill Parcells Translated to the sales world... If it looks like a sales rep, acts like a...read more


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- Object:
- Place of origin:
Great Britain (made)
- Date:
1962 (made)
- Artist/Maker:
Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear (manufacturer)
- Materials and Techniques:
Painted plastic and acetate
- Credit Line:
Given by A. Oliver Goldsmith, in memory of his father, Charles Oliver Goldsmith
- Museum number:
- Gallery location:
In Storage
The eyewear firm Oliver Goldsmith created this glasses frame, titled 'Butterfly', in 1962. Philip Oliver Goldsmith, a salesman for a small optical firm, founded this eyewear company in London in 1926. In 1935 his son Charles Goldsmith entered the firm with the aim of transforming glasses from a medical necessity to a fashion item. From the company's offices in Poland Street, his sons A. Oliver and Ray Goldsmith built upon the company's reputation for attention-grabbing designs and solicited celebrity endorsement for their products. Key clients included Lord Snowdon, the actress Diana Dors, Princess Grace of Monaco and Diana, Princess of Wales.
In the early 1960s Charles Oliver Goldsmith was experimenting with different uses for unsold sunglasses. He created a range of pictorial frames which included 'Butterfly' and another called 'Music Notes' (T.243J-1990). He showed 'Butterfly' first to Harrods, the London department store, who placed orders. The design was painted by hand and was sold with either red or blue accents.
Physical description
Sunglasses with hand-painted, butterfly-shape made from plastic which was screwed onto the frame.
Place of Origin
Great Britain (made)
1962 (made)
Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear (manufacturer)
Materials and Techniques
Painted plastic and acetate
Width: 19 cm, Height: 13.5 cm
Object history note
Registered File number 1990/200.
These glasses form part of a design archive of the British eyewear company Oliver Goldsmith. The archive, which consists of approximately 70 glasses frames from the 1930s to the late 1980s, was donated by A. Oliver Goldsmith, grandson of the founder, and former chief designer at the firm. A. Oliver Goldsmith donated the material to the V & A in memory of his father Charles Goldsmith.
Descriptive line
Sunglasses frames 'Butterfly' with hand-painted butterfly-shaped plastic panel, made by Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear, Great Britain, 1962
Subjects depicted
Accessories; Fashion; Plastic; Europeana Fashion Project; Eyewear
Textiles and Fashion Collection


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Send Me More
I'm very excited that you've found my web site.
Please select the type of event that you are interested in from the column on the left or simply fill out the short form below to get started. I've designed my site to make it easy for my clients to find the information they are looking for and to make a well informed decision about hiring ANY magician for their event. Enjoy!
Selecting a Magician in Wayne
Magic shows are popular among the kids as well as adults and people get totally excited about these shows. Therefore one of the best bet to make your party a success is hiring a magician. If you do so, it will certainly be among the main attractions of your event or party. One of the best ways of selecting a magician is experiencing their act or performance first hand. A professional magician most of the times tends to work regularly at the club or restaurant or even have regular stage shows and these are some of the great opportunities to see the magicians in action. However it should be noted that some magicians and only perform at private and corporate functions and therefore you may not see them performing in public.
While hiring a magician, it is very important to consider the feedbacks of the past clients and also information about engagement can give you a good idea about the performing style of that magician. However, a phone call can also solve this issue. You can just casually inquire about the performance night and the types of magical stunts he will perform. If you are quite satisfied with the answer then you can proceed to the next level like enquiring the price and other details.
One of the most important like hiring a
magician is the price. Professional magicians can be expensive but the fees can vary depending on the time and
date of the event and how popular the particular magician is and the duration of their act. It should be noted
that decent magical entertainment does not come in the chief prices. You should be to totally frank about your
budget. The reason for this is that some magicians can actually modify their performance to suit the
What type of event are you planning?
Please click on the
type of show you'd like and we will give you quick information on show options, pricing and


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Few beverages can feel like an autumn day as much as a mug filled with hot milk with honey. Give it an extra health boost and add turmeric to it, to make it like a golden milk, but with less spices. I like to personalize things even further and my fall drink of choice becomes a sinful golden milk. I like to add a splash of rum to my milk and honey, therefore it becomes sinful. Make a cup of this hot honey and rum milk with turmeric, wrap yourself in a blanket and love the homey autumn feelings.
Blame it on the fact that I am an October-born, but autumn is by far my favourite season. I've always found a certain pleasure in seeing the days getting shorter. It can only mean that the golden hour comes earlier and earlier every day. Sure, it rains pretty often. But when it doesn't rain, nothing else beats the golden hour on a fall day. The blue sky over the red and yellow leaves… ahhh! Such a bliss for the eye! Actually, even rainy days have their charm. Provided you're lucky enough to be enjoying them from inside a warm house.
Check out some beautiful foliage around the parks in Stockholm.
Autumn is sadly also a season when many people easily get sick. Changes in temperature make it challenging to always be properly dressed against the cold. Catching a cold or the flu becomes so much easier at this time of the year. This is when hot drinks play a crucial part. I find it extremely comforting when I get to enjoy a hot drink on a day when I feel a bit down. It can truly warm you up from the inside. Besides, certain foods are known to ease a physical discomfort. I love eating honey when I have a sore throat. I really feel a benefit from it. Besides, being as much of a lover of honey as Winnie-the-Pooh it's just pure pleasure to indulge on honey straight from the jar. "Because of the throat", you know. All excuses.
I don't remember when my love affair with hot milk started, but it must have been pretty early in life. I wouldn't go to sleep without a huge bottle of milk directly served in bed. And I mean well past the toddler phase. Hot milk before bed was a ritual even in my primary school years. Milk is my favourite beverage and hot it is just so much better.
When I would get sick, my mom used to add honey to it, and a splash of rum. Because it warms you up, right? The older I got, the more rum would land in my milk and honey. Only when I was sick, of course. Actually, it may be because I associate milk and honey and rum to when I was sick, that to me this combination is like chicken soup to many. It's not something I would regularly drink. But it's a pick-me-up of choice when I'm feeling under the weather.
More fall comfort food: butternut squash soup with coconut milk and curry.
Turmeric was not a thing back in the '90s. My mom and I discovered it so much later in life. Even later than that did I learn that turmeric might be great in curries but it can be even greater in milk. With honey. Golden milk it is called. Well, well, it should feature coconut milk and a handful of other spices, but the core concept is hot milk with honey. Mine already featured rum, why not add some turmeric to make it even more powerful in helping me fight the autumn flu?
So here is the recipe I'm featuring today. Feeling your immune system down? Sore throat? Cold? Or maybe you're physically fine but it's autumn and the rain is falling and you just need a beverage that feels like a hug. Warm up some milk, stir in turmeric powder and honey, and only when you remove it from the heat, add a splash of rum. I like to add it at the end to ensure that the alcohol does not evaporate. You want that warmth kick, like in Irish coffee, right? Then just wrap yourself up in a fluffy blanket and find a spot by a window to enjoy watching the rain.
Ahhhh autumn ❤
Hot honey rum milk with turmeric
- 300 ml whole milk
- 1 tsp honey
- 1/3 tsp turmeric powder
- 50 ml rum
Pour the milk into a saucepan and set it on medium heat. Stir in the honey and turmeric powder as the milk warms up. Remove the milk from the heat before it reaches boiling temperature, as you want it warm but not piping hot.
Pour the milk into a serving mug and add the rum. Enjoy immediately, as reheating may make the alcohol in the rum evaporate.


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Speed used to be measured by miles or kilometers per hour, at least by the common people. In contemporary existence, bauds or bytes per second takes their place in order to tell about the measurement of speed.
Tag: parts of the computer
To be on the internet, a computer needs an IP address.
Every computer on the internet has an IP address. IP addr is exactly 4 bytes (4 1-byte numbers) Left part encodes "neighborhood" on internet.
Random Access Memory
RAM is a Temporary, working storage for bytes. When power goes out, RAM's state is gone. Ram store both data, which is just the passive information, and code that defines the active plan followed by the computer.
Central Projessesing unit; the brain of the computer. When you hit the run botton on computer, the CPU run your code. A "2 gigahertz" CPU performs 2 billion operation per second.
According to Moore's Law; due to the technoTransistors get 2x smaller about every 2 years. This means, can fit twice as many transistors per chip.


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CHICAGO – Seemingly ripped from the headlines, by way of "Dr. Strangelove," the new Netflix TV series "Space Force" debuted on May 29th, 2020. Patrick McDonald of HollywoodChicago.com reviewed the series during the Eddie Volkman Show (Star 96.7 FM in Joliet, Illinois) on June 5th, 2020.!—break—>
15:17 to Paris
Film Review: Strange '15:17 to Paris' Can't Make the ConnectionSubmitted by PatrickMcD on February 11, 2018 - 12:52pm
CHICAGO – What's up with Clint Eastwood, and why in the Sam Hill did he attach himself as director to this film? Also, why was the decision made to use the actual rescuers as the actors in a true terrorist train incident? Nothing adds up in the strangely disconnected "15:17 to Paris."


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For Children Ages 3 - 5
Our Preschool Dancenastics classes combine 30 minutes of ballet and creative movement with 30 minutes of gymnastics time in one class. This is the perfect way to let your child experience both dance and gymnastics!
In this class, students will have the opportunity to participate in the Ultimate Show at the end of the year and, during the year, will work on:
- Basic five ballet positions and beginning ballet steps
- Creative movement to improve coordination and grow self-esteem
- Gymnastics stations on beam, trampoline, bars, vault, floor, foam pit, and tumble track
Preschool dance classes are based on student's age as of September 1, 2018. Our registration is first come, first served. If the desired class is full, add your name to our wait list, and we will contact you if a spot becomes available.


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Hello Guest!
Customer Support Call us toll free!1-888-667-5776
Folding Dolly- 661lbs Capacity - HJ3001
View All Folding Dollies
Select BLUE dropdown(s) below.
= the combination is not available.
Selecting GREY line also resets the options.
Open For Business & Shipping Daily During COVID-19
General Description
Folding Dolly - 661lbs Capacity - HJ3001
The folding dolly is made with heavy duty construction and a light and portable platform. It has a 661lbs weight capacity and comes equipped with durable wheels.
The platform truck transports large and heavy objects. The wheels keep objects from slipping.
The folding hand truck can be used in any area where large objects need to be maneuvered, such as warehouses or stores. It is suitable for both personal and professional use.
Technical Details
|Loading Weight:
|Wheel Size:
|Deelat Industrial
|180 Day
Do you have a question about this product?
Receive $5 off your purchase simply for asking a question! Ask us anything! In fact, we use questions asked on our website about our products to further inform future customers, so we want you to leave a question. In addition, you will automatically be entered in our monthly $100 giveaway when you ask a question! Click for details »
If you need an answer to your question immediately, please call our friendly CUSTOMER SUPPORT.
How strong are the wheels please looking for to put gentrex generator on to transport and does it fold up please, thanks
Hello Ina, thank you for your question. The wheels on this hand truck are very sturdy and can hold up to 80 kg (176 pounds). As long as your generator is less than that weight and fits on the hand truck (dimensions listed above) you should have no issues whatsoever. The hand truck cannot be folded, however, the handle bar can be detached to store it upright.
Reply Inaccurate Deelat Industrial on Dec 11, 2018


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News: Stan Won't Dance
Stan Won't Dance (ex DV8 artists Liam Steel & Rob Tannion) will continue to be SBC Artists in Residence through to the re-opening of the Royal Festival Hall in 2007.
SBC's Head of Dance and Performance, Julia Carruthers says: "SBC's 'Artist in Residence' initiative provides the kind of nurturing that fast-tracks the successful launch of quality artists. In addition to financial support, we offer artistic and administrative mentoring, access to promotional resources and a trusted network of national and international contacts. Akram Khan, who was in residence from 2001 to April of this year, was a fantastic ambassador for SBC throughout the world. Stan Won't Dance has already garnered much acclaim for their dynamic ability to transcend the barriers between art forms, and I have no doubt the company will continue to enjoy similar success in the future."
Stan Won't Dance's first show, *Sinner* – a self destructive solo for two men, launched the company's SBC residency, originally for one year in February 2005. The show has subsequently toured successfully in the UK and throughout the US. A new SBC-commissioned touring production is planned for 2006.
Another highlight of the residency has been *Take Action: Stunt Dancing*, a 4-month project in collaboration with local schools, investigating the link between dance, martial arts and motion capture technology. The project culminated in installations, workshops and performances created by professional dancers and students at the Royal Festival Hall Ballroom.
For their next project, the company brings dance and theatre directors together for a day-long seminar entitled *A Picture Paints a Thousand Words* on 10 December (already sold out). Hosted by SBC and led by Steel, the event is a hands-on workshop aimed at professional directors interested in the use of physical imagery in their work.


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An Open Letter to Queen Elizabeth IIPosted: September 19, 2008 | Author: Bill Dunlap | Filed under: humor, politics, Social Observation, Uncategorized | Tags: American Revolution, Bail Out, Bank of England, Ben Franklin, Benedict Arnold, Bill Dunlap, Bush, Cornwallis, Crown Colony, George Washington, Lyndon Johnson, Queen Elizabeth, Reagan, Richard Nixon, stock market crash, Tom Jefferson, Washington, Washington Mall | 1 Comment
Your Most Gracious Majesty,
It has surely come to your attention that once again, your North American Colonies caused another worldwide stock market crash. We realize this is the second time in eighty years that we have done this, and we are very embarrassed about it. We sincerely hope that it has not caused you any inconvenience. Our thanks to the Bank of England for lending us over 80 billion dollars to pull our economy out of a hole of our own digging. Please extend our kindest regards to your loyal subjects in the Bank of England. We would have been in a considerable amount of trouble without them.
As we are on the subject of embarrassing mistakes, we would like to make amends for a blunder we made about 230 years ago when we rebelled against His Majesty George III. In hindsight we understand this to have been a very bad idea. We were not capable of self rule in 1776, and we have failed to become competent in the last two and a third centuries. Perhaps we in the Colonies suffer from a form of cultural Attention Deficit Disorder. Maybe we suffer from massive brain damage due to our low air pollution standards. Whatever the reasons, we keep ruining things for the rest of the world.
It is not as if we deliberately keep destroying the world economy. We have the very best intentions. You see, our present leaders promised us prosperity. They told us an unregulated market would create a stronger economy. They promised us better paying jobs, the sun, the stars, and the pretty moon. They even told us an unregulated market would be best for the whole world. It seemed they were telling us the truth, until the Tech Bubble burst in 2000. Next came the mortgage meltdown, and now the stock market crash. We just can't seem to do anything right.
Of course, one of the problems is the leaders we keep choosing. I am sure Your Majesty can tell us a few stories about Lyndon Johnson's gallbladder and Richard Nixon's drinking. I can just imagine how difficult it was for you to make small talk with poor Mr. Reagan. People with Alzheimer's do ramble on so. Let us take this opportunity to apologize for young Mr. Bush. We do hope your roses have recovered from him landing his helicopter on them.
Looking at Europe, it seems like you have grown since the last great war. You have socialized medicine and and a minimum standard of living. Meanwhile the United States keeps falling back to 1929. Your World Court has guaranteed civil rights for gays, lesbians, and trans people, but American gays still fear for their lives in many parts of the country. Your subjects enjoy all these benefits, and yet you have the prosperity to save the failing American economy.
There is no doubt about it. We Americans are not capable of self rule. We should not even let ourselves out of our homes without a keeper. Your Most Gracious Majesty, we most humbly beg you to save us from ourselves and take us back as a crown colony. We are most terribly sorry about the misunderstanding in 1776. We will officially change its name from the Revolutionary War to the Failed Rebellion. We will posthumously try Ben Franklin, George Washington, James Madison, and Thomas Jefferson for treason and symbolically hang them in the Washington Mall, which will be renamed the Cornwallis Memorial Park. We will rename Washington, DC "Arnold" after Benedict Arnold, and place a statue of him on the White House Lawn. The White House will be renamed the Lord Governor's Residence. We will even pay for the tea we so rudely dropped into Boston Harbor.
Please take us back. We're sorry. We'll be good. We'll never do it again.
Yours Contritely,
The American Colonists


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If you need absolute control over a Drummer region, you can convert it to a MIDI region. Two methods are available for converting a Drummer region to MIDI:
- Drag any drummer region to a MIDI track. The region will automatically convert to a MIDI region.
- Command-click a Drummer region and choose Convert > Convert to MIDI Region. The region will convert to MIDI, and the Drummer editor will no longer be available.
TIP: You can convert a MIDI region on a Drummer track back to a Drummer region by Command-clicking the region and choosing Convert > Convert to Drummer Region. However, any edits you made to the MIDI region will not be saved after the conversion.
Find out more about making beats with Logic Pro X's drum and percussion software instruments in Chapter 9 of Logic Pro X For Dummies.


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|Ticket To Ride
|Promotional card.
The game is named after the song from their album Help!, however, the game stars the Beatles in their Yellow Submarine designs.
According to the back of the promo card:
"The Beatles are late for a most important gig! They've got their tickets in hand and they're waiting for you (their driver) to get them on a flight to America!"
"Maneuver a series of four vehicles across the bustling metropolis of Liverpool to find John, Paul, George, and Ringo. Pick them up and take them to Speke Airport where they'll catch a plane to New York to play to a sold-out crowd at Shea Stadium. Do it quickly and they may ask you to come along... but be careful! Roadblocks, stalled trucks and anxious mobs around! Hit too many obstacles and you're back where you started!"
Status as lost mediaAs of when I write this, (6/11/18) the game is lost and can not be played, not even on the Internet Archive. (Although the page that hosts the site can be visited through the Internet Archive, it doesn't work because it can't run Shockwave.) Currently all that remains is the promo card, pictured above.
18:37, June 11, 2018 (UTC)


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Submitting on behalf of Scott Coppola.
Would like the ability to specify a formula to help bulk edit Luminaires.
For example, the ability to specify something like Tilt = Tilt - 5 to bulk modify everything by 5 degrees.
Scott Coppola just needs to use the 'Edit Luminaire(s)' function, with either 'Window' or 'All' selection.
From there you can do a massive amount of editing either of selections of those chosen luminaires or the lot.
There is a 'Bulk Modifications' button at the bottom of the dialog box that comes up (I highlighted on my screen grab) that allows even more editing to go on such as:
And to top that off you can go into 'Project Manager' and for each Project you can do a bunch of editing in other ways for your Luminaires (or Objects, or Rooms, or Calculation Points, or Imported Cad Files - not quite everything in your file, but most things).
To be honest, editing luminaires in a bulk manner isn't a particularly advanced concept. I'd suggest that Scott spends a bit of time getting more familiar with AGi32's capabilities - my guess is that he's doing many things the hard way if he's not yet aware of how to Bulk Edit luminaires.


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I am pleased to announce that Patricia Feinberg Stoner has won a One Stop Fiction Award for her book At Home in the Pays D'OC. Really well done, Patricia.
Angela Petch has had three short stories published in magazines this year, two within the last week in People's Friend. Angela has written a piece on her own blog about short stories which I am sure many of you will be interested in. Please take a look Angela's blog.
Please don't forget that Patricia and I will be at the Crawley Library Book Fair tomorrow between 11.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m.


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Date Published
The Bruce Murray Space Image Library is a unique collection – recent and past photos and videos from the world's space agencies, artwork, diagrams, and amateur-processed space images. Bruce Murray, Planetary Society cofounder and emeritus director of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, insisted that planetary missions take photos for the public as well as for scientists. Bruce literally helped change our picture of the solar system.
Reconstructed Surveyor 7 panorama
Surveyor 6 panorama
Surveyor 5 panorama
Surveyor 3 panorama
Reconstructed Surveyor 1 panorama
Surveyor 5 panorama
Surveyor 1 panorama
Surveyor 7 horizon view
Surveyor 7 digitized panorama
Surveyor 1 digitized panorama with color photometric target
Lunar horizon glow from Surveyor 7
Surveyor 5 surface panorama
Earth from Surveyor 7
Surveyor 7 scoop animation
Surveyor film reels
Partial Surveyor 7 panorama
Surveyor digitization project team
Earth, as seen by Surveyor 7
The lunar surface surrounding Surveyor 7
Scanning electron microscope images of two pieces of Surveyor 3
First image of Earth from the surface of the Moon: Surveyor 3
Surveyor 7 observes levitating dust


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Filed under: China-Japan, Compensation Issues, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, History and Education, History Textbooks, Japan, Japan-Korea, Territorial Disputes, Yasukuni Shrine
On August 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb to be used in war was dropped on the city of Hiroshima. Sixty-four years later, as the number of survivors from the bombing steadily grow thin in numbers–Hiroshima, the bomb, and their legacy continue to live on as symbols within contemporary debates over the future of nuclear armaments, denuclearization, and non-proliferation. The media surrounding the sixty-fourth commemoration of the bombing include articles on the reparations for under-represented Korean victims of the bombing, an American public opinion poll indicating that 61 percent of 2,400 questioned Americans believe the US did the "right thing" by dropping the bomb, personal narratives by both the Hibakusha victims and from Enola Gay crew member Morris Jeppson, and the controversy over former-JASDF Chief of Staff Gen. Toshio Tamogami's lecture in Hiroshima entitled "Casting Doubt on Hiroshima's Peace."
In other recent news, the Yokohama city board of education approved the use of the controversial Jiyuu-sha textbook, setting the precedent as the first major city in Japan to approve the use of the controversial history textbook. Additionally, as the August 30th election for the lower-house of the Japanese parliament looms near, media sources are speculating on the impact a DPJ government may have on historical memory issues in the Asia-Pacific.
Hiroshima Marks 64th Anniversary of Atomic Bombing, Asahi Shimbun, August 6, 2009.
Aso, Hibakusha Sign Accord on Peace Measures, Asahi Shimbun, August 6, 2009.
Panel Proposes Inviting Obama to Visit Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Asahi Shimbun, August 3, 2009.
U.S. Poll Finds Support for Atomic Bombing of Japan, Mainichi Shimbun, August 5, 2009.
Interview with Enola Gay Crew Member Morris Jeppson, Mainichi Shimbun, August 4, 2009.
A-bomb Victims Refuse to Lapse into Silence, Mainichi Shimbun, August 3, 2009.
Strive for Nuclear Disarmament, The Japan Times, August 6, 2009.
Tamogami's A-bomb Speech Plan Slammed, The Japan Times, August 2, 2009.
Ex-Soldier to Stir Up A-bomb Survivors, The Australian, August 4, 2009.
Recent News:
Yokohama OKs Disputed History Text, Asahi Shimbun, August 5, 2009.
Yokohama Adopts Nationalistic Junior High History Textbook, The Japan Times, August 5, 2009.
Japan Party Set to Shun War Shrine, The China Daily, August 5, 2009.
Yuji Hosaka: Born to Defend Korea's Dokdo Claims, The Korea Herald, August 3, 2009.
History May Haunt Asia Less Under Japan Democrats, Reuters India, August 2, 2009.


text:
Friday, June 29, 2018
Long, Long Earrings Are the Fun Fashion Trend For Summer into Fall/Winter 2018
Long and longer earrings are the trend now for Summer 2018 and on into Fall/Winter 2018. Tassel earrings are a special sub-category within
this general trend. I've just stocked a selection of these at my Cassidee Jane Boutique inside of the Gracie Lane Collection of boutiques on S. Cooper St. in Arlington, TX. Shop and have fun wearing these and other great fashion styles.
Posted by Dot Anderson at 8:12 AM
Labels: cassidee jane boutique Arlington, long earrings, tassel earrings, TX, windward trading company
Tuesday, June 26, 2018
Choose Lilac Tops For the Newest Looks in Fashion From Windward Trading
Lilac is the new pastel in bloom for Summer 2018. Mix with all of your other pastels and with white. This ultra feminine tank top features matching lace on sleeves and on shoulders. Pair it with pastel pink, yellow or lt. mint skirts, shorts and pants. Mix in a third pastel for earrings, bag and other accessories. Of course, it is also the new eye opener with denim, preferably in a dark indigo for contrast. Available in junior sizes online at Windward Trading Company or in Arlington, TX in my Cassidee Jane Boutique inside the Gracie Lane boutiques on South Cooper St.
Posted by Dot Anderson at 8:19 AM
Labels: fashion color lilac, lace trim tops, lilac tanks, lilac tops, pastel colors summer 2018, windward trading
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text:
War equipment that was exclusively inherited by male heirs under medieval German law. Though the concept apparently exists since at least Carolingian times, Heergewäte was first mentioned in the 12th century, then disappeared relatively early from towns and cities but persisted in rural areas until the 17th century.
(HAIR ge vey teh.)


text:
Stuart Little 2 Free Download
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text:
Full length elliptical siping for improved wet and cold weather traction; 2-step tread block design enhances stability, braking performance and promotes even tread wear; Rock rejection ribs help dislodge rocks caught between the tread blocks; Alternating scalloped shoulder lugs and aggressive sidewall tread pattern deliver extra bite and traction in mud, rocks, dirt and trenches; Enhanced upper sidewall treatment for better cut and abrasion resistance.
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text:
HCA 13/73 f.102v Annotate
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foresaid Thomas Grove came on board and ordered
the Company to set sayle, and then went a shore (but
upon what occasion hee knoweth not) and about two of
the Clock the next morning came onboard the
said ship, (she then lying at Anchor a little space of of
Pendennis Castle), and ordered the said ship to be made
ready to saile out from thence: which was accordingly
done, and saith hee beleeveth that the said Groves
staying at or neere ffalmouth or Pendennis Castle
did not hinder the said Voyage. And further cannot
To the third hee saith that the said Grove did not
take in all the salt sent by the said Wood to be Laden on board
the said ship in the River of Nants; and saith the said
Ship was full Laden before the said Grove did
refuse to take in the said Salt, and the said Grove did
send a noate to the said Wood (who was then on shore there)
that hee the said Grove could not take in any more
salt, or to that purpose, and saith hee doth not nowe
remember whether the said ship was Laden above her
Lading markes, nor how many feete shee drewe
at her head or Sterne; and further saith that
if the said Grove should have taken in the said salt
sent by the said Wood to be laden on board the said
ship, it would have endagered the foundring and
sinking of the said ship. and the losse of her Companys
lifes, if shee had met with stormes in her passage
from Nantes to Newfoundland: And besides the said
salt which was onboard the said Ship, the said Luke
Wood had then on board her for his owne private
Account. thirty Coyles of Rope, two Trunkes, and
severall Quarter Caskes of Wine and Oyle, and other
Merchandizes. and further cannot answer./:
To the fourth hee saith that all the Company of the
said ship (except about four or five) were Imployed ashore
by the said Wood at New found Land. at such time
as the said Wood had occasion to use and Imploy them
and saith that there was necessity for the keepeing
of about foure or five of the said Ships Company
on board her, to Looke to her, and to helpe to deliver out
and take in her Lading, and saith that the said Wood
had at Newfoundlands 300 Kintalls and upwards
ready to Lade on board the said ship, and saith hee knowne
or heard that three hundred quintalls of fish were
stowed in one day, and saith that some of the said ffish
which the said Wood laded on board the said ship at Newfound land
was ill conditioned at and before the Lading thereof,


text:
Young Visionary Applications now open
Nominations can now be made for the Young Visionary Award 2019.
This is your chance to celebrate the good work being carried out by younger construction professionals (aged 18-30) within the public sector built environment for both those working in or for the public sector.
For more information and to enter see our website. Nominations must be made by 9th August 2019.
The Award will be presented at our Awards and President's Dinner being held on Thursday 17th October 2019 at the Pentahotel, Reading.


text:
Impressions from a journalist "passing through" the meeting of Argentinian entrepreneurs last weekend in José C. Paz, Argentina
A Great Little Project
by Alberto Barlocci
published on ciudadnueva.org.ar on 11/09/2011
The fact that 80 entrepreneurs are together for an entire weekend to share experiences of corporate life does not seem to be news. In this world where huge sums of money are transferred, with too many figures to even write down, where macro numbers speak of hundreds of thousands of consumers or workers, where governments operations involve large parts of the population… a small group representing an infinitesimal portion of the economy.
But if this group belongs to the Economy of Communion project, that is one of the experiences of the great world of social and united economy; if these people pose as objective to improve and optimize the results of their companies not only to allocate a proportion of profits to the poor and the formation of a new economic culture (two of the main objectives of the project) but also to improve the relationship with their employees, to decide on the basis of more participants, to include people who have retired from drug addiction or prison, to add the salary participation in corporate profits… now this is news.
These are my thoughts while I am at lunch, along with a journalist of "La Nacion," Buenos Aires, with some of these entrepreneurs.
We are 40 kilometers away from the capital of Argentina, in the formation center of the Focolare in Jose C. Paz. Whatever happens, happens; these people get together twice a year to move forward on this dream: develop companies that, participating fully in the market and using different types (from joint companies to cooperatives), at the same time, may respond to the challenges of poverty, inequality and exclusion.
There are about 60 in Argentina, with other entrepreneurs attracted by the project, 300 in Latin America and thousands around the world. Listening to the way they speak, their speech, you understand that we are in an area where it holds a different rationality, another way of thinking. Some examples: the entrepreneur is the one who has a "vocation" or "gift" of generating companies and then puts this gift to serve the community to which one belongs. "At work I want to understand how to successfully involve everyone in decision making..." says one of them. "It is not easy to put an ex-convict among the workers. I understood that we have to do this with everyone's participation, if we want to give someone a chance in life," said another who came from Paraná. Conflicts? "We have them, as everywhere in the world, but putting oneself in another's shoe, understanding their concerns, helps to solve them in a better way." The capital? From what we see it does not only consist of material goods, money, goods or merchandise; hence the loyalty, punctuality, fidelity to their word, and trust are part of "relational" goods, namely those non-material capitals that arises from relationships.
"A carrier sent me the invoice for its services. According to the arrangement, I knew that the company could charge me more and could not dispute the amount. Therefore I asked him: why did you not charge me more? He replied: because I found a way to do the routes (thousands of kilometers) with the truck full. I know that you cannot verify it but you were always just when dealing with me, always paid on time, always tried to load the truck as soon as possible even on weekends and I could not behave differently," said Germán from a company dedicated to building materials. But many considerations do not cost more the company. Would not being a little "less correct" bring more money? Faced with this "bad" question, Bettina, owner of a travel agency, shows no doubts: "I can only tell you this: since we started to be consistent with this project and therefore in all aspects of the company, I have seen the growth of turnover in quality and quantity. Now we have opened a second office…" There are many experiences in this regard. "It is a permanent temptation," they recognize, "but today it is the employees themselves that remind me; boss, we cannot do this, we are an EoC company!"
Some might think that this is not news. I think it is. Here, in this small cellulite of the social economy universe – which also represents the eighth economy of the planet, is something new: it closes a circle that includes entrepreneurs, workers, companies, suppliers, customers, States, competitors, etc… Instead of being a place of struggle, conflict, suffering and injustice, the economy, company and the job can be transformed into a context of reciprocity, generosity, solidarity, in meeting between people. This does not mean that there will be no problems, but there is a different key for dealing with it. Perhaps this is the "spring of the economy" as described by the motto of the meeting.


text:
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|Lasandra B.
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Caregiver - I have about three years of experience with working with the elderly. I enjoy helping people that is in need, I say that because its nice for me to be able to help people accomplish things that they cant do on there on. Its a great feeling and plus you can learn a lot from them. I help residents get ready for bed, help them bath and shower, serve dinner, do activities if needed, also do some housekeeping and laundry.
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text:
The Time Machine by H. G. Wells. A Book review.
The Time Machine is a Scientific Novel written by Herbert George Wells and published in the year 1895. It's about a scientist which has invented a time machine which takes him forward to the year 802,701 AD. The scientist discovers that mankind has evolved into small, weak and slothful fruit eating beings, called the Eloi. What at first looks like a utopia without social problems the scientist soon discovers that the Eloi fear the dark and not without good reason.
So to the readers that haven't seen the films or read the book, and want to I advise you to STOP HERE!
Here is a link where you can buy the book:
So I tried to give myself time to explore the background of the story – since stories don't form in a void and there is a lot more to them than meets the eye. The author was born in Kent in 1866, into a lower-middle-class family. His parents were a shopkeeper and a lady's maid. Wells studied biology under T. H. Huxley before he became a writer and I think that is something that has more or less influenced him and his ideas. At the time Darwin's theory of evolution and natural selection was a ground-breaking discovery and gained popularity among a wider audience than naturalists and those studying biology. What would later come to be called Social Darwinism started to emerge, and you can see that it influences his writing.
Wells was a very political man and he didn't hide the fact that he was a socialist, he actually met with Lenin once, and tried to bring Stalin and Roosevelt together without any luck. Whether or not you like his novels, Wells was an influential mind, who had a ripple-effect on ideas and politics during his life. Most notable is The Rights of man (1940) which would later become a building-block for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Wells wrote about many things but the themes he touched on more often than not were science, history and social issues. The theme of The Time Machine is no different: time, time travel, science and evolution of man or the fate of humankind and life on earth. There is a very interesting BBC documentary about Wells, called The Story of H. G. Wells, and if you are interested in him as a political thinker, an author or his other novels, The Island of Dr. Moreau, The Invisible Man and The War of the Worlds, I recommend seeing it.
My thoughts
I have been struggling with writing and putting forth my thoughts on this book. The main reason being I have not concluded my thoughts on this book yet. In my first draft I wrote in conclusion that "I like this book, albeit I don't think I would read it again, the reason being that I prefer novels with more complex characters and plausible plots." However, contemplating the themes, subjects and ideas that are put forth in the book directly and indirectly, I am not nearly finished. Reading and researching this book, has most certainly given me food for thought.
Theme and influence
The Time Machine, despite its name is much less about time and time travel than it is about human evolution and society. I mentioned before that Wells was a socialist, and under the influence of Darwinism or more correctly Social Darwinism, when he wrote the novel. In it Wells speculates where capitalism and the social class system, along with science and technology might lead us in our evolutionary development as a species. Note that this was in a time when people knew that species evolved but not how. Wells writing reflect the common cliché and misconception of a linear evolution of man from "uncivilized" to "civilized."
Wells ideas reflect the mainstream ideas at that time, and although they were racist, his ideas on human evolution and the European man later changed as his book the War of the World testifies. The book is meant to be a sort of critique of imperialism and colonialism, and how the Europeans treated other races, in this case it was the ill treatment of Tasmanians. So he created a world where the civilized European man met his superior from another planet:
"And before we judge them [the Martians] too harshly, we must remember what ruthless and utter destruction our own species has wrought, not only upon animals, such as the vanished Bison and the Dodo, but upon its own inferior races. The Tasmanians, in spite of their human likeness, were entirely swept out of existence in a war of extermination waged by European immigrants, in the space of fifty years. Are we such apostles of mercy as to complain if the Martians warred in the same spirit?"
So even though Wells ideas on human evolution and the races was heavily influenced by social Darwinism and the conception of "survival of the fittest" and "inferior races." He realized that it was not scientific or morally right to use Darwinism or Herbert Spencer's ideas about "survival of the fittest" to justify wrong-doing or ill treatment of other nations and other races.
Wells was a humanitarian and a pacifist and he was very concerned about the impact of war and especially the power of new technology in warfare. So even if you may dislike him for the Social Darwinist influence in his literature, you may like him for his humanitarian and pacifist side. Now I could write a whole lot about Wells and his life and work. However I rather urge my readers to just search the web for information about him if they want to know more. Whatever your view on him or his writings, he was a very interesting man.
Credibility of plot, events and character
Now to a much lighter note. Before I researched the book or the author I wrote about the credibility of the story. In retrospect it is maybe not so very important, because credibility is not the aim of the story.
One thing that baffled me is why the time traveller isn't better prepared for the time travel itself? Why didn't he take better provisions for the travel into the future? A sensible and smart person/scientist/engineer that has just invested countless hours working on and building a time machine would surely take with him at least a small backpack with some food, tools and scientific equipment to be able to take with him home specimens for later reference? It just makes sense, you don't conduct a scientific experiment ill-equipped, right? I mean what was his purpose for building the time machine, to prove that he could? To gather information about the past (if possible) or future? To see into the future? To know his own fate? Know the fate of mankind? In the book it seems that he is most interested in knowing the fate of mankind and life on earth. But how come? I mean we all know that one day out species will become extinct. To think otherwise is a little naive.
Perhaps the time traveler was just disappointed that our downfall would be so inelegant? Our existence so insignificant?
What does it matter, humans' pursuit of knowledge if in the end it is going to get passed down to unintelligent or cannibalistic descendants? There is no point is there? So I guess what we are witnessing is the existential crisis of the time traveler in his scientific pursuit of knowledge? Poor fellow.
I know that this is perhaps not meant to be the heavyweight of the story, i.e. the character building or to mention every little detail the scientist did. The main point is his travel forward in time and what it revealed. Which is that according to his inspection, man has evolved into two distinct species from the two separate social classes (in this world apparently the capital owning aristocrats do not commit the folly of falling in love with the occasional working class hero…hmm?) Okay so I don't find that all too credible either, I mean even the Neanderthal and Modern man coupled (Wells didn't know that). Let's pretend that all the romantic "class-traitors" were shot on the spot, so that there was no mingling between the classes, there is still the mystery of the aristocrats fruit-appetite!
What aristocrat in his right mind wouldn't choose a steak every time given the choice between venison and cucumber? Perhaps there are no animals to feed on? From the Eloi menu to the Morlockian. When choosing protein to eat, did the Morlocks just happen to favour Eloi over rodents/bugs/larvae? Why? And how was it settled between them? Over a game of rat-worm-Eloi? I mean I know cannibalism is not unknown among primates and humans, but for the love of god why didn't the Morlocks'/working class do an uprising and steal all the fruit??
So when the Morlock went above ground and saw the Eloi with the fruit basket he decided it was much easier to eat the Eloi and leave the basket? Really?
I know this is supposed to be every socialist's dream of vengeance, I mean how often does karma literally feast upon the elite and aristocrats? Morlocks' are the most perfect social justice system imaginable. Way to go Wells!
Moral of the story
I mentioned before that the story has a very existential feel to it. It paints a world were God is dead and we have not evolved to become the (physical or moral) übermensch Nietzsche hoped we could become, but the exact opposite: at best infantile fools and at worst cruel monsters. Even the main character, falls into despair when faced with the grim reality of the world, that in the end we will disappear and everything that we will have done in our lifetime will, in the cosmic scale, not matter. So what matters then?
Maybe we don't have to go to the year 802.701 AD to witness humankind's worst hour. After all our species has a tendency of being Janus-faced, embodying both Eloi and Morlock traits. Depending on our circumstance and society's influences we can fall prey to Eloian naivete or unintelligence or be devoured by Morlockian apathy or monstrosity. Maybe these traits are what Wells considers the beginning of our demise. Wells wish to have the epitaph "I told you so. You damned fools," written after his death underlines that view on the faults of man.
So what is the moral of the story? Is there any moral lesson to be found in it? Maybe Wells intention is to look beyond our own existence, and to measure our life and legacy in a more cosmic scale. What do we want to leave behind? When we are gone, how do we want to be remembered? And when there is no one to remember us and nothing to remember us by, if God exists, how would he want Him to perceive us?
Maybe, in the end the only moral lesson in this story is that we should join the communist party and overthrow government, establish a meat-eating utopia where everyone will train their brain-muscle on a daily basis, bathe in the sun and eat growth hormones? What do I know!
To sum up my thoughts on the book. I think that the book is a good one. Although the characters are not very complex and you don't get much information about them, and the narrator, we never get to know much about him either. The plot is interesting and original at the time the novel was written but not credible in my opinion, because I guess a scientist would be more careful and prepared for such a time-travel journey. However, oversight on part of the characters makes the story incredible, but then again if that character were rational as any scientist should be, there wouldn't be a story, would there?
In the end this is maybe not meant to be a credible story or one with a moral lesson. Perhaps it is only meant to stretch our imagination as our mind is probably the only time machine most of us will ever travel on (I did a little research, and there are a few self-proclaimed time-travelers living in our modern era and some people claim that Wells, himself, was a time-traveler because of his ability to foresee many things).
I would really like to hear my readers thought on this book. Whether you enjoyed the reading or not, tell me what you think about the story. This book has, since I finished reading it, continued to be a source of contemplation, and I really enjoyed the lyrical ending in the epilogue:
"And I have by me, for my comfort, two strange white flowers – shrivelled now, and brown and flat and brittle – to witness that even when mind and strength had gone, gratitude and a mutual tenderness still lived on in the heart of man."
Even if we humans were bereft of the things that make us "fit to survive" (our intelligence and strength), the things that really matter and make us human are our ability to feel empathy and love. What good is intelligence, if there is no love?


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Kocifaj, M. (2014). Night sky luminance under clear sky conditions: Theory vs. experiment. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 139, 43–51.
Abstract: Sky glow is caused by both natural phenomena and factors of anthropogenic origin, and of the latter ground-based light sources are the most important contributors for they emit the spatially linked spectral radiant intensity distribution of artificial light sources, which are further modulated by local atmospheric optics and perceived as the diffuse light of a night sky. In other words, sky glow is closely related to a city's shape and pattern of luminaire distribution, in practical effect an almost arbitrary deployment of random orientation of heterogeneous electrical light sources. Thus the luminance gradation function measured in a suburban zone or near the edges of a city is linked to the City Pattern or vice versa.
It is shown that clear sky luminance/radiance data recorded in an urban area can be used to retrieve the bulk luminous/radiant intensity distribution if some a-priori information on atmospheric aerosols is available. For instance, the single scattering albedo of aerosol particles is required under low turbidity conditions, as demonstrated on a targeted experiment in the city of Frýdek-Mistek. One of the main advantages of the retrieval method presented in this paper is that the single scattering approximation is satisfactorily accurate in characterizing the light field near the ground because the dominant contribution to the sky glow has originated from beams propagated along short optical paths.
Keywords: Sky glow; Luminance; Luminaire; City emission function; Anthropogenic; Single scattering; Inverse problems


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Most discussions about China's massive Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) tend to focus on infrastructural projects that must be completed in order to connect an economically vibrant East Asia and developed Europe by land and sea and, in the process, bring growth and development to tens of countries along the modern Silk Roads. Professor Bala Ramasamy explains why improvements in the soft...
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Ramasamy, Bala
August 31, 2017
December 31, 2015
Is feeding the poor really a good example of corporate social responsibility (CSR)? CEIBS Professor of Economics Bala Ramasamy explains the real meaning of CSR. It may be just as simple as following the labor laws.
November 24, 2015
Is there a link between diversity and innovation? What types of diversity are bad for the economy? CEIBS Professor of Economics Bala Ramasamy presents his research findings.
November 16, 2015
Turns out handing out visas doesn't make a country more attractive to Chinese investment. What works? CEIBS Professor of Economics Bala Ramasamy shares his research findings.
November 16, 2015
CEIBS Prof Bala Ramasamy explains how he got into his main research areas and what he does when off campus. Hint: he's changing young lives.
November 16, 2015
CEIBS Prof Bala Ramasamy uses the answer from his research as the basis for his camp for kids, the Foundation for Leadership and Moral Empowerment (FLAME) in Malaysia.


text:
Price: $15.00
Quantity: 1 available
Condition: Slightly soiled ow vg.
Published by the Nova Scotian Institute of Science as the second supplement to volume 27 of The Proceedings.
Title: The Ipswich Sparrow
Illustrator: Frontis.: Ipswich Sparrow from painting by Lloyd Fitzgerald.
Categories: Atlantic Provinces, Nova Scotia, Birds & Bird Watching, Ornithology,
Publisher: Halifax, N.S, N. S. Institute of Science: 1975
Binding: Card covers
Condition: Slightly soiled ow vg.
Size: 8vo.
Item: 1.00 Item
Inventory Number: 3125


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Dear future homeowner:
You�ve pulled up to the curb and there it is: the house.
The snow and the mud aren�t exactly helping, but you�ve seen the photo of it in summer, with the green green grass and flowers, and you can imagine how it will look (especially after William, our landscaper, puts more grass seed down to help fix what a winter�s worth of salting and plowing has wrought).
The street looks fairly quiet, but in a few weeks, when the last of that snow has melted away, children will be wheeling up and down it on their bikes, calling to each other. It�s the kind of neighborhood where neighbors wave to each other and look out for each other. When Dave was so sick last year, Brooke and Andy next door cleared our driveway and walk after storms. I don�t know what we would have done without them.
The neighborhood knows how to have a good time, too. There�s an annual block party in the summer, with chairs and coolers spread around the circle, and tables full of food. Trick or treating makes October fun, and in December, when the street is twinkling with lights, Mr. A puts on his Santa suit and delivers cookies. When he�s not busy being Santa, Mr. A also organizes our annual fuel-buying group, negotiating the best prices for the block and sending out emails on deliveries.
There are good people here. Young ones who have bought their first homes, families with children of all ages, empty nesters with kids off at school and retirees just enjoying it all. We would�ve stayed forever if it wasn�t for the stairs and the trouble Dave has with them. But now we�re on to new adventures and here, you can make your own.
Those same stairs that are too much now make the most wonderful backdrop for Christmas morning photos. In case you were wondering, you can fit more than 30 stockings hanging around them, floor to floor, if you�re so inclined. The upstairs family room (or bedroom, if you need it to be) can handle a tall tree that will shine its light down over the street.
We�ve had a lot of work done in the kitchen, and you�ll find new appliances and lights there, and a clean, new look. We�ve done plenty of updating and freshening up in these last few months, but I�ll let you in on a little secret: no house is perfect. There are dings and dents made by rushing children and happy puppies, and we�ve been blessed with both. There are paint colors that may not be your cup of tea. Closets can always be bigger. Wood floors shinier.
But while no house is perfect, homes can be. This one has been the perfect home for us for 14 years, sheltering us within its walls. It�s a place where we�ve laughed and celebrated, where our children have grown. Yes, there have been tears, but they were far outweighed by the happy times, and if any echoes of our time here remain, it will surely be those.
So yes, this was the perfect home for us, but not anymore. Now we�re headed in a new direction, and while we�re sad to leave it behind, we�re excited, too, to make memories in a new place. To find a new perfect home.
And so we leave it in your hands, this house that rang with children�s laughter and the joyous barking of the dogs who shared our lives here.
May you fall in love with it, despite the tiny flaws and �wish it could�ve beens.� May you see the potential here, not just for good space or flow or changes you can make, but for the happy times and love you�ll share within its walls.
May it be, for you, the perfect home.
Laura Dolce can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
New Cloud Offerings Blur the Line Between NAS and Archiving – and IT Wins
As the requirements to store and analyze massive quantities of historical data grow and become more complex, archiving has come of age. IT leaders should understand requirements for data access and retention management before implementing an archive data strategy.
Get your copy of this Nasuni Newsletter + Gartner research to learn:
The line between NAS and archive file storage is forever blurred by cloud file services - uncertainty over future file access requirements will no longer be an issue.The opportunity for IT is massive savings on primary storage and a transformational new ability to automatically "archive" file data in a way that's easier and cheaper than ever before.
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File Systems are the time-proven way to store, organize, protect, and share unstructured file data. Unfortunately, traditional file systems can no longer keep pace with the explosive growth of content.
Nasuni UniFS® is the first global file system that lives in cloud object storage.
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The Loft at Earls Yaletown
1095 Mainland StreetVancouver , BC
British Columbia CA
On Thursday, April 11th, 2019, it's time to "UnWined" again!
Mark your calendars for this casual evening of wine and wishes!
All proceeds from this event will be going to support the granting of wishes to children battling critical illnesses.
This is a casual, after work, appetizers and tasting event which will have wine packaged up with remarkable auction items. Raise funds to support wishes and have some fun while doing so.
Click here for tickets, and to get a preview of auction items... new items will be added regularly! There will also be plenty of entertainment on-hand at the event: sketch artist, roving magician, live music... there's something for everyone*!
This is NOT a Gala, so please leave your evening gowns and tuxedos at home!
*Please note, this is a 19+ event.
Event Date:
April 11th, 2019 5:30pm to 9:00pm
The Loft at Earls Yaletown
1095 Mainland StreetVancouver , BC
British Columbia CA


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Belhuar Thantarth was a Harper and the master of Twilight Hall in Berdusk.[1]
Belhuar spent much of his time residing in Twilight Hall writing letters to fellow Harpers, studying maps, receiving reports, and managed Harper personnel in their operations against evil forces. He also spend time with his crew to repair homes near the city.[1]
In Tarsakh of 1370 DR, he was running the Harper stronghold during the absence of the severely ill Cylyria Dragonbreast when, under the urging of Bran Skorlsun, Belhaur agreed to discuss the evidence that showed Khelben Arunsun was a traitor. The Harpers had discovered that Khelben had been the one who had stolen the Scepter of the Sorcerer-Kings, a powerful Netherese artefact thirteen years before from the Catacombs of Ordulin. This artifact had since ended up in the hands of the Zhentarim.[3][4]
Belhuar was one of three Harpers chosen to preside over Khelben's trial, along with Obslin Minstrelwish, seneschal of Twilight Hall, and Bran Skorlsun. The Twilight Trio, as they came to be known, kept the proceedings from Cylyria at the urging of Obslin, who was in love with her and didn't want the stress to affect her recovery. Bran seized on every piece of evidence that showed Khelben to have acted inappropriately, while choosing to ignore most evidence that suggested otherwise. His single-mindedness spurred the Trio to accuse Khelben of corruption and conspiracy, charges which, when brought to trial, Khelben readily admitted to without remorse. Khelben and Laeral Silverhand both resigned from the Harpers, immediately returning to their home in Waterdeep.[3][4]
In 1370 DR, Belhuar received a report from Oracle Veshal Questra, which contained reasons why the life and history of Sammaster was not fully and readily available, given that due to his crimes, Azuth had decreed that every mention of him be struck from all books, scrolls, and other records, and that Sammaster, at that time, might have still survived.[5]
Belhuar was always calm and controlled, following his principles with iron will. He had an uncanny knack to correctly anticipate the plots of most of the Harpers' foes. Belhuar was a good judge of folk, a great organizer, and learned to became a good tactician.[1]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Ed Greenwood (1993). The Code of the Harpers. (TSR, Inc), pp. 43–44. ISBN 1-56076-644-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ed Greenwood (1993). The Code of the Harpers. (TSR, Inc), p. 42. ISBN 1-56076-644-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Steven E. Schend, Sean K. Reynolds and Eric L. Boyd (June 2000). Cloak & Dagger. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 14, 22. ISBN 0-7869-1627-3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Brian R. James and Ed Greenwood (September, 2007). The Grand History of the Realms. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 149–150. ISBN 978-0-7869-4731-7.
- ↑ Dale Donovan (January 1998). Cult of the Dragon. (TSR, Inc), p. 7. ISBN 0-7869-0709-6.


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Seasonal Allergies or Asthma?
You may suffer from allergies year-round, or you may have serious bouts of seasonal allergies. It's important to pay attention to and understand your symptoms so that you can correctly treat and diagnose your problem. After trial and error, and then multiple visits to the doctor, many patients find out that they actually have allergy-induced asthma. If this is the case, a simple antihistamine will not help.
Common Allergy Symptoms
Many people struggle with allergies. In fact, more than 50 million Americans experience allergy symptoms each year, and they're the sixth leading cause of chronic illness--including asthma.
You may have allergies if you experience:
- Itchy, swollen, or watery eyes
- Sneezing
- Runny nose
- Scratchy throat
- Skin rashes and hives
If you have these symptoms due to seasonal allergies or other type of allergic reaction, you will generally find relief through over-the-counter antihistamines. However, if your symptoms are severe, persistent, and aren't helped by medicines, then you may have a bigger problem.
Common Asthma Symptoms
It may seem while in the midst of seasonal allergies, that all of your symptoms point to season changes, a mold in your broom closet, or the particulate pollution in your neighborhood or city. However, your serious symptoms may actually point to a serious problem.
You may have asthma if you experience:
- Tightness in the chest or throat
- Wheezing/whistling during inhale or exhale
- Breathlessness
- Coughing at night or early in the morning
You may have gone your whole life without a hint of asthma, or years without a severe asthma attack, but allergies can worsen asthma and even trigger it when it's never occurred.
Allergic Asthma
Allergic asthma is the most common type of asthma, affecting 90 percent of children with asthma and 50 percent of adults with asthma. While allergies can cause anaphylaxis in some patients, it can worsen allergy symptoms, or trigger them, in others. It may be as simple as cockroach feces, pollen or fresh-cut grass, or even a new pet. Allergic asthma can also be triggered by irritants that do not cause an allergic reaction at all, such as smoke from a grill, air pollution, perfumes, or even cold air.
If you experience symptoms consistent with allergic, or allergy-induced asthma, you should talk with your doctor about an allergy panel. The best way to prevent a serious asthma attack is to avoid irritants and allergies completely. It could be what saves your life as you move through this year whether exercising at school, grilling with the family, or vacuuming the carpet.
Avoid Allergens
It's easier said than done, yes. But there's nothing easy about a sudden allergy attack. It's best to avoid it altogether. Start by planning your life so that you aren't exposing yourself to extra allergens. Wear a mask when dusting or vacuuming--especially when emptying the vacuum canister or filter. Stay inside when seasonal allergies are at their worst (during harvest time and during spring). Change A/C filters, clean bedding, and vacuum carpets regularly. You may decide to go one step further and remove your carpeting! Prevent mold and mildew by using a dehumidifier, and use fans in the home.
It may seem like a lot of work, but putting your health first is the first step toward preventing a serious reaction.


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- Message from the Baltic Chairman
In shipping every day is a new normal. Whether an owner, charterer, operator or broker, we all learn something new each day. In shipping no two days are the same. Market volatility and daily networking makes it an exciting business, bringing a something new each day, something our members adapt to as second nature.
Many of us are starting to untether ourselves from remote work stations and contemplate the new normal. We are all are assessing the risks while the COVID virus is very much with us.
Some of our members are already back in their offices, others are returning in a controlled manner, many are still working as best as they can from home, but all know the advantages of being in an office environment embracing the daily challenges.
We are in an industry where risk taking is always assessed and minimised, particularly when human wellbeing is at stake. It is often said that our assets are our people, so whether our people are at sea or land based, our shipping industry cares.
We invest in our people, we train our people and we depend on our people, and that is why as we return to offices, we must additionally focus on bringing our apprentices and our less experienced colleagues into the markets.
An old hand working from home who has been speaking with younger colleagues on the phone or by video cannot be a substitute for interacting in a work environment and face to face mentoring.
Each of our experienced members will remember their days learning the ropes and it is now knowing how inefficiencies are exposed when working from home with partial information that it is especially important to share your knowledge. You will probably be returning to your offices in phases or partial weeks, but I urge each of you to be conscientious to ask a younger member to return with you on those days; he or she will be eager to know how you were part of a team that kept the business flowing and they will remember these difficult days and how they were mentored after the lockdowns.
As we enter Q3 2020 and witness global businesses reacting to COVID caused financial shock suffered in Q1 and Q2, we should remind ourselves that shipping will always be required to move the worlds bulk commodities as well as for distribution of the products and consumer goods.
I cannot pretend to understand the frustration and personal difficulties that have burdened you over the past few months, but I do wish you, your families, your colleagues and friends calmer seas through 2020.
- Upcoming webinar on 2020 Xinhua-Baltic International Shipping Centre Development Index
The Baltic Exchange will be hosting a webinar on 13 July 2020 at 1600 (Singapore) to share insights on the 2020 Xinhua-Baltic International Shipping Centre Development (ISCD) Index.
The Index, in its seventh edition, provides an independent ranking of the performance of the world's largest cities that offer port and shipping business services.
During the webinar, Su Ling Lu, Head of Baltic Exchange Asia, will present the key findings of the report.
Click here for further details and registration.
This webinar is free of charge and open to all.
Xinhua-Baltic International Shipping Centre Development Index was launched in 2014 as a collaboration between the Baltic Exchange and Xinhua, the Chinese state news agency. The index, in its seventh edition, provides an annual independent ranking of the performance of the world's largest cities that offer port and shipping business services.
It is a numeric grading system that evaluates three primary indicators (port infrastructure, shipping services and general environment) and 17 secondary indicators using a comprehensive evaluation model.
A simple, intuitive, objective, and impartial measure of the level of development and state of international shipping centres, the index is a valuable guide and reference for the development of international shipping centres.
- What's new on the Baltic Exchange website?
With preparations for the new Baltic Exchange website in full force for the upcoming launch, we wanted to highlight some of the key features of our new and improved, user-friendly website.
One of our most exciting features is the interactive map. Working with a team of expert designers, we have produced a world map showing all of the trade lanes for the headline, dry, wet, gas and container indices. The map's interactive element offers increased functionality in viewing route descriptions at a granular level with just the click of a button.
Subscribers to Baltic data will be able to create their own customised dashboards with enhanced charting facilities and quicker download options. A key benefit is that the same login subscribers use for the Baltic App will give them access to the new website, providing seamless access to Baltic data wherever they are.
Subscribers can pre-register for new website access here.
We will be in touch again soon with regards to the launch date. Any questions or queries, please contact email@example.com.
- Member Update: 1 July
The following company has applied for Corporate Membership:
Company Individual National Chemical Carriers Company Ltd t/a Bahri Chemicals
Miss N Aliasem Mr C Gammelgaard Mr B Larkins Mr M Al Qadheeb
The following individuals have applied for membership of an existing Member Company:
Individual Company Mr F Kong Arrow Asia Shipbrokers (Pte) Ltd (Singapore) Mr M Elsener Atlantic Brokers SRL Mr D Schickler Eiger Shipping SA Mr A Smiddy Exxon Mobil Corporation Mr A Campbell Howe Robinson Partners (UK) Ltd
Mr T Perks Mr B Wium-Ullerichs Maersk Broker KS
Mr Nacho Carretero The Air Charter Association Ltd
Mr S Soopy Mr D Wilson Vitol SA
The following person has applied for Sole Trader membership:
David Steward
Any comments should be passed to Karen Karanicholas by 8 July 2020.
- Dry Bulk Freight and FFA Market Insights Webinar
Thu, Jul 2, 2020 12:30 PM – 1:45 PM BST
A series of Webinars bringing key players together with the Baltic Exchange, to openly discuss market developments, sector by sector through the month of July. Sign up to hear first-hand from the experts on market outlook, opinions on trends, trading activity across the physical and, FFAs alongside an update from the Baltic on benchmark and service developments.
12:30 An Update from the Baltic Exchange; Mark Jackson, CEO Baltic Exchange
12:45 Analyst Market Review: Dry Bulk Markets; Angelica Kemene, Head of Market Analysis & Intelligence, Optima Shipping Services
13:10 Analyst Q&A Chaired by Stefan Albertijn, CEO, Ocean Finance & Consulting BVBA & Chair – Baltic Index Council
13:20 Dry FFA Market Activity and discussion; Hosted by John Banaszkiewicz, MD Freight Investor Services
13:45 Close
Please register here
After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar.
- Tanker Freight Market Insights Webinar
Thu, Jul 9, 2020 12:30 PM – 1:45 PM BST
A series of Webinars bringing key players together with the Baltic Exchange, to openly discuss market developments, sector by sector through the month of July. Sign up to hear first-hand from the experts on market outlook, opinions on trends, trading activity alongside an update from the Baltic on benchmark and service developments.
In our Tanker Market Insights Webinar, we will be joined by experts from across the Clean and Dirty markets to share insights on the high volatility of recent months and the outlook for the short to medium term. Our guest analyst, Richard Matthews, Director of Consultancy and Research at EA Gibson Shipbrokers Ltd will present on the shifting supply-demand balance followed by a panel discussion on the major industry issues impacting freight market participants.
Richard Matthews, Director – Consultancy & Research,
E.A. Gibson Shipbrokers Ltd
After 5 years at IHS Maritime & Trade, Richard joined Gibson's in 2014 and heads up Consultancy and Research for the group, advising clients globally on freight market developments, chartering decisions and freight market investment strategy.
Mike Wittner, Director, Head of Oil Market Research
Intercontinental Exchange – ICE
Mike joined ICE in 2019 leading the Oil Markets research team with a focus on anticipating structural market shifts, supporting their sales team and global client base. Mike's work also includes contract development to meet investor/trader needs. He was previously an MD at Société Générale, leading on oil market research and is consistently ranked Top 4 globally in this field, gaining major industry awards.
12:30 Update from the Baltic Exchange; Mark Jackson, CEO
12:45 The 2020 Oil Outlook and Covid-19; Mike Wittner, Director, Head of Oil Market Research – Intercontinental Exchange I ICE
13:05 Dirty and Clean Tanker Market Outlook; Richard Matthews, Director – EA Gibson Shipbrokers Ltd
13:30 Tanker Market Q&A; Mark Jackson (Chair), Richard Matthews and Mike Wittner
13:45 Close
Please register here.
After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar.
- LNG/LPG Freight and FFA Market Insights Webinar
Wed, Jul 15, 2020 12:30 PM – 1:45 PM BST
A series of Webinars bringing key players together with the Baltic Exchange, to openly discuss market developments, sector by sector through the month of July. Sign up to hear first-hand from the experts on market outlook, opinions on trends, trading activity across the physical and, FFAs alongside an update from the Baltic on benchmark and service developments.
In our LPG/LNG Market Insights Webinar we examine the fast changing Gas freight sectors, bringing together leading commentators from the physical and FFA markets to present their views on how these spot markets are evolving and how market participants are adapting to manage their freight risk exposure. We are delighted to welcome Kristen Holmquist, Forecasting Manager at Poten & Partners to present the underlying shifts from the physical market followed by a FFA panel discussion chaired by Nadia Mirza, Baltic Exchange with; Ben Gibson – Affinity (Shipping) LLP, Sam Mitchell – Braemar ACM-GFI and Christian Greenop – Clarksons Platou Futures.
12:30 An Update from the Baltic Exchange, Mark Jackson, CEO – The Baltic Exchange
12:45 Analyst Market Review: LPG and LNG Markets; Kristen Holmquist, Forecasting Manager at Poten & Partners
13:10 Analyst Q&A Chaired by the Baltic Exchange
13:25 LNG / LPG FFA Market Activity panel;
– Chair; Nadia Mirza, New Markets, Baltic Exchange
– Ben Gibson, LNG Derivatives Broker, Affinity (Shipping) LLP
– Sam Mitchell, Tanker Derivatives Broker, Braemar ACM-GFI
– Christian Greenop, LNG FFA Broker, Clarksons Platou
– Paul Wightman, Director, Research and Product Development, CME Group
13:45 Close
Please register here.
After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar.
- Bite of shipping's credit crunch
It has been a fraught period for shipping cash and credit suppliers this year, with no certainty of a sustained recovery in 2020.
A new report on Key Developments and Growth in Greek Ship-Finance from Petrofin Research noted that Chinese lending and leasing came to an abrupt halt for non-Chinese business as the Covid-19 pandemic hit. The shipping crisis coupled with exposure to aviation were compounded by the drop off of US Dollar funding for Chinese leasing companies.
Syndication leadership fell out of favour for banks as they struggled to balance new lending and retiring loan debts. Then there was the mass exodus of investors from the major public equity markets with very few new issues recorded and shipping stocks taking a significant hit. The flow of private investment and new bonds also slowed from Norway although there are signs of this trend now reversing.
"As the global economy and international trade entered into unchartered territory, confidence amongst both banks and owners fell," said Ted Petropoulos, head of Petrofin Research. "The rate of loan requests and the loan throughput by banks fell as credit and risk departments by banks were hard put to support fresh lending at a time of such crisis and uncertainty and sought lending only to the strongest clients and credits often on stringent terms."
The pressure of the pandemic led to an increase in loan margins as perceived shipping risk rose and as banks started to face loan restructure requests from hard pressed clients, he added.
Opportunity knocks
Some banks, and Petrofin notes that Greek banks in particular, managed to continue lending to their stronger clients throughout the pandemic. With rising loan margins internationally, Greek banks found they were able to secure liquidity at a reduced cost which enabled them to reduce their margins to competitive levels with other non-Greek lenders.
"Greek banks perceived the pandemic as an opportunity to enhance their position with Greek owners who faced limited finance possibilities," said Petropoulos.
In a reflection of last year, Petrofin research calculated that Greek ship finance levels dropped 0.13% to $53.1bn in 2019 with declining/exiting banks largely countered by expanding or new entrant banks. Of note, it found the top provider, Credit Suisse, grew by 10% ($7.7bn) and held a 14.5% market share in 2019. Other growing banks were BNP Paribas, KfW, CIT, as well as Eurobank, Alpha bank, Aegean Baltic bank and Bank of Cyprus. The two main departing banks, Nord LB and DVB, showed large falls.
The Petrofin Index finished the year at 321, down 1 point from 2018. It started at 100 in 2001 and peaked at 443 in 2008.
"Overall, 2019 was a year of adjustment by many banks reflecting their individual corporate and shipping policies," said Petropoulos.
Recovery hopes
Back to 2020 and the emergence from lockdown in the Northern Hemisphere is being eagerly watched by lenders, with the expectation that global economies will start to recover. "Banks are monitoring this recovery which may well turn out to be volatile and fragile," said Petropoulos. In this recovery period many banks will be solely focused on their own loan related issues, but it expected that loan requests will increase as the global economy, international trade and the dry bulk market start to recover.
Equity market investors are anticipated to return as both the economy and the shipping sector recover and Petrofin expects Chinese ship finance and leasing will return in the second half of 2020 – but not to the high levels of 2019. A return to lending by Japanese banks and lenders to Greek owners is forecast for later in 2020. Stimulus packages in the US, EU and Japan in particular will also help to drive demand towards the end of 2020 and in 2021.
A confident forecast for the recovery of the Greek ship finance market is harder to glean. "It is difficult to predict when the Greek ship finance market shall recover to pre pandemic levels," said Petropoulos. "Thus far we are not aware of any fresh banks entering ship finance nor of any existing banks leaving the market. However, the effects of the pandemic crisis are still being worked through the banking system."
Petrofin notes that banks still face strict capital ratio requirements and difficulties in raising additional capital via the public markets, which restricts bank lending as a whole and as a consequence ship finance.
Environmental regulation is cited as a wild card that could have a profound effect on the future outlook of ship finance. Here, Petrofin points to the recent commitments of several financial institutions to engage in more sustainable lending and participate in ambitious environmental lending practices. "It remains to be seen whether the Covid-19 pandemic will slow down this trend or, notwithstanding the crisis, lending will become more environmentally friendly, thus significantly altering the ship finance landscape in the years to come," Petropoulos concluded.


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