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What else sums up summer like a scoop of classic vanilla ice cream? Nothing really.
I purchased an ice cream machine last year and had great fun making flavors like Salted Caramel and Butter Ice Cream, but never came back to explore the classics like vanilla bean.
Make Vanilla Bean Ice Cream from scratch using whole vanilla beans and real cream. Homemade Ice Cream in an ice cream maker for the win!
I don't particularly care for store bought vanilla bean ice cream because they use spent pods instead of fresh, loaded vanilla beans, resulting in a muted taste.
A spent pod is a pod that already been scrapped of all its goodness; basically the leftovers.
If you do not have vanilla beans or don't want to purchase them (they can be expensive), pure vanilla extract will also do, but won't have the little flecks so commonly associated with vanilla ice cream.
Vanilla Bean pods will also give it the rich flavor you look for in an awesome homemade vanilla ice cream.
Did you know that the center of a vanilla bean, all of those little flecks, is called caviar? I understand why- it is the gem and what makes these greasy little guys such a commodity and so expensive.
It is important scrape out as much as you can, but then also to boil the (spent) pod to get any left behind and further intensify the flavor.
This ice cream recipe is made for use with an ice cream maker. No churn ice cream is great, but they are like comparing apples to oranges.
No churn ice cream uses whipped cream with sweetened condensed milk whereas ice cream maker ice cream uses cream and milk. All the same family of ingredients, but in different preparation.
After making the perfect vanilla bean ice cream, you can add whatever additional flavors you desire, like candy or chocolate chips. I like to smother mine in Easy Caramel Sauce.
Serve your homemade vanilla ice cream with:
Vanilla Bean Ice Cream
- 2 cups heavy whipping cream
- 2 cups half and half
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 vanilla bean *
- 1 teaspoon kosher salt
- In a medium sauce pan, combine heavy whipping cream, half and half and sugar.
- Cut vanilla bean in half, scrape out caviar (the greasy flecks inside) and add both pod and caviar to sauce pan. Bring to a low simmer to scald.
- Remove from heat and allow to cool fully before transferring to an airtight container and placing in the refrigerator to cool for a minimum of 4 hours, but up to 48 hours.
- Prepare your ice cream makers as directed and add mixture, along with kosher salt. Prepare according to machine directions.
- Transfer to an airtight container and freeze to finish.
- If you've tried this recipe, come back and let us know how it was!


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Jumper's knee
At first glance, truck driving may not seem like a profession that would be prone to knee injuries. However, due to the physical demands of their job, many drivers develop painful and sometimes debilitating knee conditions.
A common knee injury sustained by drivers is called patellar tendonitis, which is better known as jumper's knee. This is a condition that affects the tendon that connects your kneecap to your shin bone. The patella tendon functions to help your muscles straighten your knee like when you are walking up or down stairs or kicking a soccer ball.
Patellar tendonitis is caused by repeated stress and strain on the tendon. Eventually, the stress leads to small tears in the tendon itself. As more and more tears occur, inflammation and pain in the tendon start to appear. For truck drivers, the most common causes of this injury are climbing in and out of trucks, jumping off trailers and long hours operating the clutch and gas pedals. Other risk factors that may affect drivers include tight leg muscles, muscular imbalances and excess weight.
The first symptom of patellar tendonitis is usually pain just under the kneecap. Initially, the pain will only be present during physical activity. The pain is usually sharp in nature but disappears once the activity is stopped. As the condition worsens, the pain may become constant.
In most cases, the diagnosis of patellar tendonitis is determined based on the patient's signs and symptoms as well as a physical exam. However, if it is still unclear, diagnostic testing such as X-rays ultrasound, and MRI may be necessary. It is important for your doctor to rule out other more serious knee conditions.
Once a diagnosis of patellar tendonitis is reached, your doctor will discuss possible treatment options. The good news is that most people respond favourably to conservative treatment and surgery is not usually required. The first mode of treatment is to rest and reduce the amount of strain on the knee.
Next, ice and anti-inflammatory medications are used to reduce the swelling in the tendon. Massage and gentle stretching are also effective to reduce the pain and irritation. Finally, in the later stages of treatment your doctor may recommend strengthening exercises and body mechanic modification, all of which an agronomist, physical therapist or chiropractor can help you with. If all else fails and no significant improvement is observed after 10 to 12 months of conservative treatment, surgery may be considered. The goal of surgery is to repair any tears or remove severely damaged sections of the tendon.
Although you cannot completely prevent this condition, you can reduce your risk of developing it. Avoid activities that put excess strain on the patellar tendon such as jumping off of your trailer. And try to use proper mechanics when getting in and out of your cab, for instance the 'three point technique.' Lastly, try to maintain a healthy body weight and perform lower body stretches regularly. Patellar tendonitis is not a life-threatening injury, however, if left untreated, it could develop into a very painful and debilitating condition.
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Here's another article that says don't take anti-inflamatories as it will stop repair of tendons.

subset: commoncrawl


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About Us
Kendall Baumann, our founder, has been in the swimming pool and spa business since 1970. His construction engineering degree from Oklahoma State University provides an excellent basis for pool construction. Having grown up in the commercial construction business also provides him with special insights that few others can honestly claim. His work has always been associated with excellence, and attention to detail. Just try to compare one of his 30 year old pools against anyone else's. Kendall has dedicated himself to providing our customers with the highest levels of quality, value, and professionalism possible. His main duties now are as salesman, customer service, and keeping the businesss running smoothly. He still gets out of the office regularly to oversee jobs, and keep abreast of the hands on aspects of the business.
Mike Baumann has been in the family business for over 35 years. He has built a strong reputation as a premeir pool builder through his meticulous attention to details. For Mike, close is NOT good enough. He has been responsible for all aspects of our pool construction, from the time it is layed out in your backyard, until it is filled and operating. His attention to detail, as well as a strong devotion and hands on work ethic, guaranteed you the best pool you can buy at any price. Mike is, in a word, a perfectionist. Now, Mike will be moving over to our service team, bringing with him that same determination and attention to detail.
Eric Baumann has been with Baumann Pool & Spa, Inc. for over 38 years. His main responsibility is the maintenance and service of our pools and spas. Having started out by working on the construction end of the business, his knowledge is literally from the ground up. Eric is very familiar with every aspect of your pool or spas construction and operation. Extensive training seminars, and years of hands on experience allow him to provide you with the best possible customer service. Eric strives to provide you with prompt, professional service, and to make your pool or spa owning experience a pleasurable one. Each member of our family works togather to ensure you the most prompt, courteous, and professional service that is possible.


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- How do I import course content from D2L to Canvas?
Correct Answer
Hello there, Jeffrey Zimmerman Welcome to the Canvas Community. Thank you for posting your question. I have absolutely no experience with D2L, but I can at least provide you with a link to the Guide here in the Community that should help to get you started: How do I import content from Desire 2 Learn (D2L) into Canvas?
I hope this will be of some help to you, Jeffrey.
No one else had this question


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|Gordo, Robusto, Toro, Torpedo
|Ecuador Sumatra
|More Details
Hot like fire!
Just dropping the Oliva name is enough to make any enthusiast salivate. The brand has a huge list of top rated and award winning cigars. You could easily say that Oliva is at the top of its game and there are no signs of slowing down anytime soon.
Inferno Flashpoint shows Oliva's true talents for blending a cigar with some serious spice. Its blend of Nicaraguan Habano Ligero and Jalapa is wrapped with a reddish brown Ecuador Sumatra wrapper. The first third of the cigar has pronounced black pepper, but it balances out with notes of cocoa and earth. This is an absolute must try for anyone looking for a little extra bite, a lot of balance, and an overall quality that only Oliva can provide.
There are no customer reviews for Oliva Inferno Flashpoint, yet. Be the first to write one!


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What if our roads were managed as projects with safety as first priority?
A public row erupted last week about a section of the newly constructed ring road of Port Louis which has developed important cracks and fissures in a sector near the Pailles mountain edge.
This seems to indicate that there would be structural flaws in the foundation upon which the road has been built in that particular place. After discussions, the contractor has agreed to set things right at his own cost. One would have expected that the contract should have specified clearly the responsibilities of the two parties, notably the contractor and the commissioning agent, the Road Development Authority. Matters would then have been sorted out without much ado. But this is Mauritius: this mechanical problem could easily be politicized and sight lost of the real concerns of the moment in this area.
Historical importance of roads
Many will recall the winding and narrow roads we had in this country in yesteryears. A few vestiges of this past can still be seen in some villages. There were numerous sharp bends, twists and turns all along those rather narrow two-way "royal roads", as they were called, connecting different parts of the country. Were insurmountable physical obstacles the reason behind so many of the sinuous contours of our road infrastructure at the time? Was it a problem of acquisition of land that diverted them from the straighter path they would normally have taken?
No matter the handicap, in those days of no power-steered vehicles, the state of our roads made for a less accident-prone traffic compared to what we see today. No matter their complicated outlay, people welcomed paved roads when they came to their places for the first time. It was some kind of a social elevation to be belatedly taken in by the network connecting them to the mainstream, albeit at a much more slumbering pace than what we see today. Those were the days when bicycles far outnumbered cars and other vehicles in the country because this is what most people could afford to buy up to secure their greater mobility. An endowed village could have a couple of private cars, no more. People and goods travelled by horse-driven carriages, donkey and bullock carts, trains (until 1964) and trucks. Passengers travelled by bus and private cars later when they could afford it. Times have changed drastically now.
There has taken place a major shift in our physical infrastructure compared to those days. Not only has the quality and fluidity of our roads improved considerably. There has also taken place an enormous growth in the vehicle population of the country. Had it not been for this up scaling of our road and other infrastructure, the pace of growth of our economic activities would not have been what it has been over decades since we diversified the economy.
Free movement of people and goods and reliability of the transport system can make the whole difference between a country which succeeds economically and one which doesn't. Along with efficient communication, the country's transport system is the basic factor which supports and empowers our services industry as well as our port and airport activities and, hence, our opening up to the rest of the world. This is why it would not be superfluous to dedicate enough resources to keep the transport system fit and fine at all times.
Safety of the transport system
Modernization and rapid development of the country's road infrastructure brought about other developments in its wake. The first car was introduced in Mauritius in 1901. By 1930, there were 2700 cars in Mauritius and a total vehicle population of about 3000. But by 2003, there were 276,371 vehicles in all in Mauritius which increased at an annual average rate of 15,148 vehicles per annum over the last 11 years to 443,000 today. Such dramatic development has come about not without attendant risks.
The combination of better-made roads and a rapidly increasing vehicle fleet in the country has made our roads more accident prone than ever before. There were 21,056 road accidents in 2012 in Mauritius and another 11,246 in the first half of 2013. Road accidents ended up with 156 deaths in 2012 and 82 in the first half of 2013. On a half-year basis, road accidents resulting in death increased by 19% between 2012 and 2013. Figures show that 41% of those killed in the first half of 2013 were riders of auto/motor cycles, 23% passengers, 16% pedestrians, 15% drivers and 5% cyclists.
This does not bode well on the side of safety. The lowest global death toll on roads currently is 3 per 100,000 population per annum. This was achieved by Sweden on the back of a deliberate policy called 'Vision Zero' whereby the Swedes have set as objective "not to accept any death or injuries on our roads". In comparison, the death toll on roads is 5.5 for the European Union, 11.4 for America and, by contrast, 40 for the Dominican Republic, the worst performer in this respect on earth. In the case of Mauritius, this statistic was 11 in 2003; in 2012, the latest for which statistics are available, it had climbed up to 12.5 per 100,000 population. Like the Americans, we should find out how the Swedes are implementing their road safety policy so efficiently and we should adopt those measures before the death toll escalates.
Briefly, the Swedes have planned roads prioritizing safety over speed or convenience before building them up. They have low urban speed limits. They have earmarked distinct pedestrian zones. They have erected barriers which separate cars from bikes and oncoming traffic. They have created "2+1"roads: each lane of traffic takes turns to use a middle lane for overtaking. Pedestrian crossings are not only very numerous matching the density of this kind of traffic; they are safer and include user-friendly pedestrian bridges, zebra stripes flanked by flashing lights and protected by speed bumps. Strict alcohol driver testing is in place with the result that only 0.25% of drivers are tested over the alcohol limit. Unbuckled drivers and drink-driving have been reduced to the strictest minimum by rigorous enforcement. Regular enforcement has made a difference.
Does road safety come at a prohibitive price?
Many would think that putting in place road safety measures and enforcement would be too expensive. This is not so. A paltry amount is needed to do so relative to the total project cost.
According to International Road Assessment program (IRAP), an engineer road safety charity of the UK, it would require just 1-3% of the road construction budget to make roads with the same level of safety as in Sweden. Such a small investment will yield higher returns, not only in economic terms, but also by saving lives unnecessarily lost in road accidents.
In all soundly implemented projects, it is their efficiency and enduring character that counts. It requires a comprehensive vision of the project, incorporating the safety aspect much before the work is begun. It also calls for an unstinted attention to detail while the work is being completed – and even after it has been completed – to ensure that it has been executed according to the finest points set out in the independently-given original design.
IRAP calculates that road accidents cost 2% of GDP for high-income countries and 5% of GDP for middle-and-low income countries by way of medical bills, loss of output and vehicle damage, altogether costing $1.9 trillion a year. Global road construction amounts to roughly $500 billion per annum. 1-3% of this budget to implement road safety measures is nothing compared to the annual cost of $1.9 trillion incurred due to road accidents.
We could improve our standards of road safety if we paid more attention to how countries around the world are taking pre-emptive actions before the danger assumes unmanageable proportions. Soundly thought-out actions, not words, will lift us out of the danger lurking behind our doors.
* Published in print edition on 7 March 2014
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The new word of mouth happens online. This really comes as no surprise, in this day and age when the majority of Americans, across all generations, are online. The way that we seek out recommendations when we're researching products is now by searching online for customer reviews. We all want the reputations of our businesses to be positive and widely known, but this can't happen until you have a solid foundation of authentic, easy-to-find customer reviews.
Why reviews matter to your customers
Reviews of products and stores are valuable to your potential customers because they establish trust. Seeing reviews of your business lets customers know who you are, and reassures them (or doesn't) that they'll be able to find what they're looking for at your store.
The 2017 Retail Dive Consumer Survey found that ⅔ of customers research products online before shopping for them in-store, and the main channels for their research were (you guessed it) customer reviews and company websites. This is a pivotal moment in the customer's purchase journey, and you need to be sure that they're seeing reviews of your store when they're deciding where to shop.
To bring the point close to home: a 2017 survey found that customer reviews were the top factor influencing a purchase decision in the furniture category.
Why reviews matter to your company
First and foremost, your business cannot grow without feedback. Learning what you're doing right and what you can be doing better is essential to how you plan for the weeks, quarters, and years ahead. You cannot rely strictly on internal observations and analysis to gain this insight—you have to go to the source, to the honest customer review.
Feedback can also be a great motivator for your team. Sharing the review of a satisfied customer who mentions one of your sales team members by name is a great way to make their day, and helps remind them that what they do has value. It's not just positive feedback that matters, either—if reviews are saying things can be better, your team needs to know. (More on this further down.)
Looking for more of a concrete benefit? More reviews of your business, and more positive reviews, raise your local ranking for Google searches.
How to encourage reviews
You have to think outside the comment card if you really want a substantial amount of reviews—you need online review profiles. A Google My Business account and a Yelp account are great places to start. Don't forget to also include an option to review products on your website.
Consider timing. You might be better off asking for more in-depth feedback some time after the purchase date, when your customer has had enough time to reflect on their service at your store and has had more experience with the product.
Asking for a review is asking your customer to take an extra step—make the review process as easy for them as possible. Experiment with a few different types of surveys, and pick the one that's most painless.
Incentivize reviews for your customers, as well as your sales staff. For customers, a review lottery is a great way to set up an enticing offer without having an outright exchange for each review. For sales staff, consider bonuses based on a certain number of reviews collected. Extremely important: never incentivize only positive reviews.
How to activate reviews
Don't keep them locked away! Share reviews with the appropriate teams, based on the content of the review. Let the sales staff you've incentivized to collect reviews see the product of their work. Work with them to identify customer objections and pain points, and come up with solutions for the future. Remember that the goal is always to make things easier for the customer.
Use the good, deal with the bad. Stellar reviews make great, authentic marketing content. Put them around the store, in your ads, on your website, and at the bottoms of your emails.
Looking at negative reviews through the cracks in your fingers? Then you're making an all-too-common mistake that will only tarnish your reputation. Talk to the negative reviewer, be honest with them about what went wrong, and see if there is any way for you to fix the problem. Consider the fact that this person took the extra step to make a negative review, because the experience mattered to them—if you can successfully convert a negative reviewer to a positive one, you may just have just created a passionate fan of your business.
Of course, you're not going to be able to fix every problem, or undo every negative experience, but making an attempt matters—other customers who come across the negative review can see a record of your business trying to mend the situation.
Look beyond the review itself. What seems to be conspicuously missing from the review? What didn't this customer notice or take advantage of that you wish they had? Where did the ideal experience you want them to have and the actual experience they did have diverge? What was the fork in the road? What patterns keep popping up in your reviews? What are the constant complaints?
Remember to look ahead as well: what problems are starting to come to the surface that you might see clearly but your customers only see a part of? Can you identify a "disease" that could be the cause of all these symptoms that are popping up in your negative reviews?
You can have all the strategy meetings you want and analyze all the numbers in your records, but a business cannot reach its full potential until it listens to its customers. So many times in marketing, we're focused on the things we can say and how we should say them, but we don't devote enough effort to the other side of things—what's being said about us.
If your customer is truly the central focus of your business, then what they have to say about their real day-to-day interactions with your business are what matter most. It's not about what you say about yourself anymore, but what is being said about you. If it's good, make it even better—don't be content to just meet expectations. If it's bad, be honest about it—don't hide it. Figure out what went wrong and what you can do next.
Want to build your business's reputation? You have to start by allowing it to be a part of the conversation of your customers.
If you'd like to talk more about reputation management, you can contact us at email@example.com.


text: OK..I tried to download a manual for a pasta machine !. That was a big mistake. Somehow it loaded google chrome toolbars but what I was reading didn't say a word about it. I hate google chrome and was just using the regular google homepage without the toolbars. So I uninstalled google chrome. Now I can`t do anything ! Even internet explorer says page cannot be displayed,, keeps telling me I am offline ! So came in to the bedroom to use this computer and I am obviously not offline . Any ideas what happened and how to fix it ? The light is not great in here and I need my computer. Using Bing now and this site says I am using an outdated browser.


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Google has given £622,000 to the UK's Press Association (PA) news agency for the group's Reporters and Data and Robots (Radar) project. The project, which will launch in 2018, relies on artificial intelligence (AI) to write news articles. It will...


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Letting Negotiator
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On this day in 1684, John Dallas sold the sloop Pearl to Thomas Bowrey for five hundred Spanish dollars at Banjar, West Java. A sloop was a single-decked vessel usually with a single mast. The Pearl was described as being of twenty-five ton burthen – that is it was capable of carrying as cargo of up to twenty-five tons or about twenty-three metric tonnes. The agreement was witnessed by Robert Masfen, Bowrey's friend and business partners, and Robert Turlington.
Spanish dollars or Royals or Ryalls of Eight, according to Thomas Bowrey in his Bay of Bengal manuscript, were worth five shillings making the price of the Pearl about £125 or approximately £18,000 today. For this, Bowrey received the vessel and all her Apparell – mast, anchors, rigging, cables and stores.
The purchase of the Pearl meant that, for a short period, Bowrey owned a share of three ships. The last heard of the Pearl was in 1688 when it was involved in the massacre of the English at Mergui (an archipelago in what is now southern Myanmar). Two of Bowrey's ships, the Pearl commander by John Hill and the Francis commanded by Bowrey had been detain but both managed to escape.


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Junktastic is part of Clearance and Clean Up Limited. Who have being operating in Sheffield since 2008. They are the largest rubbish collection company in Sheffield. We offer same day next day service and work for client that are both domestic and commercial large and small. Rubbish collection Sheffield can be completed for a number of reasons some are listed below.
We could go on for ever their are many reasons why people require our rubbish collection service and rubbish collection Sheffield. One thing you will get is excellent service at a price that represents a company that is doing things correctly.
We work for many customers doing rubbish collection Sheffield i have listed some below to give you a idea.
Job Type for Rubbish removal Sheffield and Rubbish Collection Sheffield
We have worked for 1000s of companies and individulas carrying our rubbish and waste collections and have excellent reviews on google we also have some great testimonials that can be seen


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Character Parade oct 31st
Keep-it-simple Costume Expectations:
No masks or full face paint
No fake weapons
Costumes must allow you to participate in class without hindrance
Costumes must be related to a book
Please remember to keep it school appropriate
Please keep it simple...Thanks!
Extra info:
They can wear the costume all day.
The character parade will be at the end of the day, I believe the time is set for 2:30 but I will send out another message confirming the time if you'd like to attend.
All students will be walking in the parade.
Costume is not required. Remember it can be super simple! If you're Pete the cat wear cat ears and tape buttons to a yellow shirt. Please do not feel like this has to be crazy elaborate. This is just a way we can have a little fun during the the holidays yet keep it educational!
Next week for homework their will be spelling, but no packet. Instead there will be activities related to the character they picked.
Brainstorm ideas for your character this weekend.
We've been learning a lot about characters and the life lessons they've learned. We've been writing personal narratives about problems we've faced and overcome and the life lessons we've learned. It's fitting that Halloween is this time during this Unit if study!
Message or email me if you have any questions! 🤗
Leave a Reply.
Mrs. Sullivan
This is where you will find newsletters and important information throughout the school year. Welcome.
December 2018


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From RS PRO, these adjustable utility pliers are an essential toolbox addition for professionals and enthusiasts alike. The box joint design allows a firm and adjustable grip on various kinds of pipes and fasteners. The grip even has twelve adjustment positions with a 140mm jaw opening capacity for maximum versatility.
The pliers have an angled head with serrated gripping jaws, for complete confidence when applying torque to stubborn or seized parts.
With a high carbon steel construction, this tool boasts superior performance on the job and specially coated for ultimate rust prevention.
Features and Benefits
Right angle teeth grip in all directions
Undercut tongue and groove positioning channel
Fastener eliminates nut and bolt joint failure
Reinforced edge to minimise stress breakage
Heat Treated Teeth grip better and last longer
Uses high carbon C1080 steel
These utility pliers can be used for gripping nuts and bolts with large round or square diameters and other irregular shaped objects. As such, they are suitable for many applications wherever a tight grip and leverage are required. They are sometimes known as water pump pipe wrenches, and they are often used by;
Maintenance engineers
What is the difference between water pump pliers and plumber's grips?
The term 'grips' can be applied to many different hand tools, and so can be confusing. For instance, pipe grip pliers are very similar, but often have a differently shaped head with smooth teeth. Though water pump pliers are very versatile with wide applications in plumbing and maintenance, they are designed specifically for packed glands on water pumps. Be sure to pay careful attention to the head when purchasing grips, to be assured they are suitable for your needs.
Why RS PRO?
RS PRO aims to be your go-to brand for reliability and value for money. We source high-quality parts at great prices and test everything with our in-house experts to ensure the quality you need.
When it comes to tools, we know that versatility and dependability are what you need. As such, we stock a variety of mainstay and specialist tools to suit any application. Whether you're a professional electrician, plumber, builder or DIY enthusiast, RS PRO is here to support you.
|Plier Type
|Water Pump Pliers
|Overall Length
|130 mm


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June 02, 2016
Italy's a country well known for its good food, but generally that food doesn't contain insects, and if it did, it's likely that Italy's reputation for quality cuisine would soon diminish!
Taboolata are a Milan-based team based who have set out to challenge these popular culinary perceptions, and more importantly, to shatter our taboos. The trio, consisting of a chef, a designer, and a scientist, recently held a 'hidden kitchen' event, serving up a varied menu of insects and grubs.
We spoke to Taboolata's Sofia Villa about opening minds, breaking taboos, and eating with sustainability in mind. She says: "[In our society] we are very hypocritical because we think fruit is healthy, but we buy it from places that ship it in from abroad, creating a large carbon footprint. Talking about bugs as an alternative food source provokes people to rethink why and how they eat."
You can read our interview with Sofia in our fourth issue, which is available to buy at our online shop.


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Dom Perignon champagne ranks among the very best champagne and sparkling wine produced anywhere on the planet. The ultimate champagne gift basket includes equally refined chocolate truffles, which pair beautifully with Dom Perignon presented in a sophisticated woven basket with impressive bow. Chocolates include Lindt Truffles- 5.1 oz, Godiva white chocolate truffles- 3.9 oz, Le Grand 9 piece truffles, and Marich champagne truffles- 10.0 oz.
Due to various state regulations, gift baskets containing beer or wine may NOT be shipped to the following states:
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota and Utah
Additional Information
|9 lbs
|16 x 14 x 8 in


text: ThanksNo different Visas, just 90 day visit limitation in any one period of 180 days. There will be a new system introduced in 2021, ETIAS, pay €7 but valid for 3 years, it is instead of a VISA and apples to all visitors from non-EU countries. Don't worry, bit like the introduction of Decimalisation, we will soon get used to the changes and then the changes will become normal and routine and we will adapt to them


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Project owner:
Air Liquide Egypt.
Project Main contractor:
Micon scope of works:
- Site investigation – bore holes at factory and administration building locations (6 bore holes).
- Design of foundations and super structure (steel for plant and R.C for administration building).
- Main drawing and shop drawing for both building.
- Construction of CFA piles diam. 50 cm, depth 27.0 m with 17.0 m length RFT.
- Construction of pile caps.
- Supply, fabricate, paint and erect of steel structure for plant.
- Construction of administration building R.C.
- Supply and install metal corrugated for roof and sides of the plant 0.7mm thick.
- Supply and install overhead crane single girder 5.0 ton capacity span 15.0 m and run way 16.0 m.
- Electro mechanical work for the plant :-
- Installation of all equipment.
- Supply and install pipes and pipes rack.
- Supply and install cables for electrical feeding, instrument and lighting.


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You will not find a better beach house for the money! This 3br/2ba home on Carolina Beach would be the perfect getaway, rental property or a place to call home. Recent renovation include full interior and deck paint. Renovations in 2012 included full Hardi Board siding installation, Atrium windows and 2016 AC compressor/2018 Heat pump,. The hard work has been done and this home is ready for your immediate enjoyment. Island homes at this price do not last long, so schedule your showing today!
Listing courtesy of Network Real Estate. Selling Office: Salt Water Real Estate Llc.
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Nebular Formation and Parent Asteroid Modification
of Chondrules and Their Rims
Speaker: Dr. Romy Hanna, UT Austin
Research Associate, Jackson School of Geosciences, UT Austin
Abstract: The primitive material comprising carbonaceous chondrites has a complex history from formation in the early solar nebula, accretion to the parent body asteroid, and secondary processing on the asteroid. In order to use chondrite material (i.e., chondrules) to infer early solar nebula processes it is necessary to first unravel the secondary processing effects that have modified them. In this talk I will discuss how we observe a CM chondrite, Murchison, at a variety of spatial scales (microns to centimeters) with a variety of techniques (X-ray CT, EBSD) to determine that impact on the CM asteroid caused deformation, aqueous alteration, and porosity loss. After documenting these secondary processes, we examine the chondrules and their fine-grained rims (FGRs) in more detail and establish that the FGRs formed in a weakly turbulent nebula. We also show that chondrule surface morphology is a primary feature (resulting from the chondrule formation process) that influenced the amount of nebular dust accreted to the chondrule.
BIO: Dr. Hanna's PhD work focused on Murchison, a CM chondrite, detailing how fine-grained dust rims formed around chondrules in the early solar nebula and how these, along with the rest of the chondrite, were modified by secondary processes (impact deformation, aqueous alteration) after their accretion onto the CM parent body asteroid. Dr. Hanna is currently expanding this work to other types of carbonaceous chondrites to help build a more comprehensive picture of the formation conditions of this material in the early solar nebula, how it accreted to form the chondrite parent bodies, and how it has been modified by secondary processes on their asteroids. Dr. Hanna completed her undergraduate degree at the University of Texas (UT) at Austin, Master's at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and the PhD at UT Austin.
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text: The measured rate of release of intercellular protein from yeast cells by ultrasonication was applied for evaluating the effects of sonication reactor geometry on cell disruption rate and for validation of the simulation method. Disintegration of two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated experimentally using a batch sonication reactor equipped with a horn type sonicator and an ultrasonic processor operating at the ultrasound frequency of 20 kHz. The results have shown that the rate of release of protein is directly proportional to the frequency of the emitter surface and the square of the amplitude of oscillations and strongly depends on the sonication reactor geometry. The model based on the Helmholtz equation has been used to predict spatial distribution of acoustic pressure in the sonication reactor. Effects of suspension volume, horn tip position, vessel diameter and amplitude of ultrasound waves on the spatial distribution of pressure amplitude have been simulated. A strong correlation between the rate of protein release and the magnitude of acoustic pressure and its spatial distribution has been observed. This shows that modeling of acoustic pressure is useful for optimization of sonication reactor geometry.JO - Chemical and Process Engineering L1 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/109017/PDF/art10_CPE-39-4_INTERNET.pdf L2 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/109017 PY - 2018 IS - No 4 EP - 475–489 KW - cell disruption KW - protein release KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - ultrasonication KW - yeast A1 - Bałdyga, Jerzy A1 - Jasińska, Magdalena A1 - Dzięgielewska, Magdalena A1 - Żochowska, Monika PB - Polish Academy of Sciences Committee of Chemical and Process Engineering VL - vol. 39 JF - Chemical and Process Engineering DA - 2018.12.27 T1 - Effect of sonication reactor geometry on cell disruption and protein release from yeast cells SP - 475–489 UR - http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=109017 ER -


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Transcribed from William White's History, Gazetteer, and Directory of Devonshire 1850, by Terry Partridge.
SHAUGH PRIOR is a large parish of scattered farm houses, &c., in the valley of the river Plym, and among the hills and dales at the south end of Dartmouth(sic) Forest, extending from 7 to 10 miles N.N.E. of Plymouth. Near Shaugh Bridge, on the Plym, the Dewerstone rock rears its beetling crags in majestic altitude above the channel of the Cad rivulet; and in the vicinity are other granite tors. This neighbourhood is often visited by anglers and the lovers of picturesque scenery. Revels are held here at Easter and Whitsuntide. Th parish contains souls 698 souls and 7170 acres of land. Excellent clay is got here for the china manufacturers. Sir R. Lopes, Bart. is lord of the manor, which formerly belonged to Plympton Priory. The Earl of Morley, the Rev. S. W. Pearse, and other proprietors have estates in this parish. The Church is an ancient fabric in the perpendicular style, with a tower and six bells. The perpetual curacy, valued at £107, is annexed to that of Sampford-Spiney, in the patronage of the Dean and Canons of Windsor, and the incumbency of the Rev. S. W. Pearse, B.A., for whom the Rev. Hy. Colson, of the Tavistock, officiates. The patrons are appropriators of the great tithes. The parish land (6A.) and a house, were purchased in 1627 with £23 left by 35 donors. The land is let for £10, and the house was converted into the parish workhouse about 1717, at the cost of £100. Lady Modyford left £50 to this parish, and directed the interest to be distributed in bread among the poor.
Brock Wm., blacksmith
Mumford Wm., corn miller
Phillips John and Wm., potters' clay merchants
Abbott John, Harscombe
Andrew Wm., Henswood
Andrew Walter, Colstone
Atwill Wm.
Baskerweale Wm.
Brock Wm.
Cole Samuel
Damerell Edward, Fawnstone
Damerell John, Brixton
Damerell Thomas
Dennis Wm., Higher Colland
Gray Richard
Gullett Elizabeth
Lavis John
Lillicrap Thomas and Margaret
Luscombe Phillip
Maddock Em.
Maddock Jas.
Maddock Saml.
Mallicott John
Marshall Philip, Colland
Mead Robert
Mumford James
Mumford Thos.
Pearse Nichls.
Perkins Edward
Selleck George
Stephens Robert
Tozer Thomas
Worth John


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Toronto News | Weather & Traffic | CTV News Toronto
'The Brain Project' raising money to help seniors through COVID-19 pandemic
TORONTO -- It's an art exhibit that pops up in Toronto, all in support of Alzheimer's care and research for Baycrest Foundation. This year, however, The Brain Project is changing things up and encouraging artists of all ages and abilities to get involved in the campaign from home.
"This is actually our 5th year of the Yogen Fruz Brain Project," Josh Cooper, President and CEO of Baycrest Foundation told CTV News Toronto. "The new dimension is that for a donation of $20 to our SOS campaign, which is Safeguarding our Seniors during COVID-19, you will receive at home a small mini brain that you can decorate yourself."
The mini wooden brains are mailed out after a donation is made to the foundation.
Craig Sharma and his family decorated their brains together, using paint and markers.
"We're lucky right now that we are a large family and get to spend time together, and we can do activities like this," Sharma told CTV News Toronto. "And it's a great way for [the kids] to be able to give back to their community and people who might be struggling during this time."
Seven-year-old Julia Sharma chose to paint a rainbow on her wooden brain.
"It really just makes me happy," she says about her work of art. "So I thought it might make everyone else happy too."
The 'Safeguard Our Seniors' campaign was created to help Baycrest navigate the challenges of COVID-19, with donations funding protective equipment and e-visits.
"We've developed a cart with an iPad on top, where we can wheel this cart into someone's room and set up a call with them and their loved ones," Cooper said. "So in total we've had over 4,000 of these e-visits that have gone on in just the matter of a month or so."
Toronto artist Anthony Ricciardi, who has been involved with The Brain Project for a number of years, says this year's fundraising initiative is a win for everyone.
"I think it's an incredible idea, especially with all of us being home during quarantine, having something to do but also raise funds for Baycrest, is incredible," Ricciardi said. "I really think that art's one of those global languages that everyone can relate to."
Julia says she wants her rainbow-painted brain to relate to everyone, and put a smile on someone's face.
"I hope that it will inspire people," she says. "And, make them happy."


text: Buffalo River DL&W corridor proposal named The Riverline By Omar Fetouh • Nov 19, 2019 The Western New York Land Conservancy A new name has been given to a proposed nature trail and greenway along Buffalo's DL&W rail corridor. $30 million "first-of-its-kind" complex planned for Buffalo's Kelly Island By wbfo newsroom • Sep 20, 2019 KC Public Relations Partners in a sports and entertainment complex planned for a plot of land along the Buffalo River announced details of their project Friday morning. Groundbreaking is anticipated within the next year on what will become a "first-of-its-kind" golf driving range that will be augmented with virtual gaming, eateries and a hotel. Buffalo River cited among places where cleanup has led to development By Associated Press • Aug 13, 2019 Buffalo Riverkeeper A new report says cleaning up some of the most heavily polluted areas in the Great Lakes region has led to billions of dollars' worth of economic development. How to reuse wet sludge is what Great Lakes Dredging Team is in town to discover By Mike Desmond • Jun 11, 2019 Mike Desmond / WBFO News To keep waters navigable, they have to be dredged to allow the removal of vast volumes of wet sludge so ships can get through. Experts from around the Great Lakes are in town to see what this area does with dredged materials. Listen Listening... / 1:46 WBFO's Mike Desmond reports Savvy Over 60: Peg Overdorf By Marian Hetherly • Mar 13, 2019 Valley Community Association Down in the Valley is Margaret "Peg" Overdorf. Hang your head over the Michigan Avenue Lift Bridge and you can hear her wind blow. This year, Overdorf is celebrating 40 years as Executive Director of the Valley Community Association, from which has bloomed a renewal along the Ohio Street Corridor to the Buffalo River. You may not recognize their names, but the VCA, Overdorf and her close-knit army of volunteers are leaving their mark on our region, serving families and turning former polluted dumping grounds into waterfront destinations. Listen Listening... / 3:50 WBFO's Marian Hetherly reports Work underway to reduce risk of flooding By Chris Caya • Feb 4, 2019 Chris Caya WBFO News Sunshine and rising temperatures is increasing snowmelt and runoff into creeks and streams that flow into the Buffalo River and Cazenovia Creek. To help prevent flooding, in Buffalo, City Engineer Michael Finn says a long-arm excavator is being used to break up ice around bridges. Flood Watch puts West Seneca in ice-breaking mode By Mike Desmond • Feb 4, 2019 Mike Desmond / WBFO News There was a large, state long-arm excavator digging away in Buffalo Creek Sunday, as Lt. Gov. Kathy Hochul and West Seneca Supervisor Sheila Meegan talked to reporters about what was being done to make sure the thawing of snow and shifting of ice didn't create flooding in the town. Weekend heat may bring weekend floods By Michael Mroziak • Jan 31, 2019 Michael Mroziak, WBFO While Western New Yorkers will look forward to relief from Arctic cold temperatures beginning this weekend, meteorologists and government officials are looking ahead with concern for potential flood problems. $12 million investment to strengthen Buffalo waterfront breakwalls By Mike Desmond • Dec 3, 2018 Visit Buffalo Niagara Improvements on the Buffalo waterfront are moving out into open water, to the breakwalls that protect the harbor. Listen Listening... / 1:06 WBFO's Mike Desmond reports Waterkeeper celebrates completion of Buffalo River habitat restoration By Angelica A. Morrison • Jul 31, 2018 by ANGELICA A. MORRISON The Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper announced the completion of the habitat restoration project for the Buffalo River Monday morning. Listen Listening... / 1:18 Angelica A. Morrison reports Heritage Moments: Stanley Spisiak, LBJ and a bucket of Buffalo River sludge By Jeff Z. Klein (Niagara Frontier Heritage Project) • Jul 2, 2018 Buffalo History Museum It's the early 1960s, and you're summering at Crystal Beach. You walk across the sands to take a dip in the warm waves of Lake Erie. But before you get to the water, you've got to step gingerly through a dozen yards of dead fish, a solid mass of rotting flesh washed up on the sand amid swarms of flies, already stinking in the morning sun. Listen Listening... / 1:00 Listen to the latest episode of WBFO's Heritage Moments A much healthier Buffalo River to see more dredging next week By Nick Lippa • May 4, 2018 Nick Lippa / WBFO Not too long ago the Buffalo River was declared biologically dead. Since 2005 close to $100 million has been invested to bring the waterway back to life. Buffalo River getting cleaner and safer, forum declares By Mike Desmond • May 4, 2018 Mike Desmond / WBFO News Downtown Buffalo's Central Library is a good walk from the Buffalo River or Canalside, but the river was the focus Thursday night during a public forum. Listen Listening... / 1:24 WBFO's Mike Desmond reports Winter warm-up may cause shoreline flooding By Marian Hetherly • Jan 9, 2018 City of Buffalo Area rivers and creeks are chock full of ice - and with the warm-up coming this week, municipalities are trying to prevent flooding. A new "ribbon of green" is in the works for Buffalo By Chris Caya • Jan 3, 2018 James Hoggard Plans are set to be unveiled Wednesday for bringing new life to an old rail corridor in Buffalo. Heritage Moments: Dart, Dunbar and the colossus in the harbor By Jeff Z. Klein (Niagara Frontier Heritage Project) • Nov 20, 2017 Detroit Publishing Co., Copyright Claimant, and Publisher Detroit Publishing Co. "River and elevators, Buffalo, foot of Main St." Buffalo New York, ca. 1900. Retrieved from the Library of Congress. For more than 150 years they have loomed over the river, gigantic and monstrous. Silent gray canyons lining the waterway, they form a concrete Atlantis, whispering of the wealth they once generated, the ships, the throngs of workers, the noise and traffic and bustle. Long ago, they were made of wood. Listen Listening... / 1:00 Listen to the latest episode of Heritage Moments All aboard the Cotter for a special family reunion By Michael Mroziak • Aug 18, 2017 Michael Mroziak, WBFO Members of a family with roots in South Buffalo and with the Buffalo Fire Department gathered Friday aboard the city's vintage fireboat. The tour is intended to not only celebrate the family's heritage but raise awareness that the ship is in need of upgrades. Listen Listening... / 5:05 WBFO's Michael Mroziak has an extended report on a family reunion set to take place aboard the Edward M. Cotter fireboat. Erie County adds public space to Seneca Bluffs By Chris Caya • Nov 1, 2016 WBFO News file photo A park along the Buffalo River is growing. County officials maintain the addition to Seneca Bluffs Natural Habitat Park will boost efforts to improve water quality along the Buffalo River. Is your fleece sweater hurting the Great Lakes? By Veronica Volk • Sep 15, 2016 Plastic debris is pervasive in the waters that feed the Great Lakes, according to a new study published by the United States Geological Survey. Prestigious award may go to local environmental group By Chris Caya • Sep 7, 2016 A local organization is in the running for what's billed as "the world's most prestigious environmental award." Listen Listening... / 1:16 WBFO's Chris Caya reports Bailey Bridges to be replaced By Chris Jamele • Jul 23, 2016 A project to replace the Bailey Avenue bridges over the Buffalo River and Cazenovia Creek has been announced. Exploring area's history and nature by paddling along Buffalo River By Dan Almasi • Jun 20, 2016 Dan Almasi A new attraction at Silo City aims to connect local residents with Buffalo's historic waterways. Silo City Paddling Company recently launched its inaugural season along the Buffalo River, renting kayaks and stand-up paddleboards. Great Lakes threatened by House bill By Chris Caya • May 23, 2016 Chris Caya WBFO News The Great Lakes could become a spawning ground for invasive species under a bill recently passed by the House. It would eliminate federal oversight of ballast water that some ships carry around the world. Listen Listening... / 1:01 WBFO's Chris Caya reports on changes that could open the Great Lakes to invasive species. Canalside boardwalk extended, connected to river bike path By Chris Caya • May 20, 2016 Chris Caya WBFO News Several improvements to Canalside have been completed ahead of the 2016 summer season. Officials cut the ribbon on a $2.2 million expansion of the Central Wharf on Friday. Buffalo River drawing new investment on Ohio Street By Chris Caya • Mar 7, 2016 Chris Caya WBFO News By early 2017, the City of Buffalo's rental stock will include nearly 100 apartments in two new buildings overlooking the Buffalo River. Listen Listening... / 1:40 WBFO's Chris Caya reports on the mini building boom in Buffalo's Old First Ward neighborhood. Paladino wins auction for riverfront parcel By Chris Caya • Jun 17, 2015 Chris Caya/WBFO News Developer Carl Paladino and his partner Victor Liberatore are the proud new owners of a prime piece of Buffalo riverfront property. Buffalo River dredging project continues By Mike Desmond • Apr 27, 2015 Mike Desmond/wbfo news The dredges are coming again to the Buffalo River, as a ten-year, $100 million project to clean the river winds down. Police divers search Buffalo River for missing South Buffalo man By Avery Schneider • Oct 25, 2014 Buffalo Police Department / WBFO News The Buffalo Police Underwater Recovery Team was called to search the Buffalo River near Cazenovia Creek this morning, in connection with the search for a missing man. Army Corps proposes dredge recycling to redevelop Squaw Island ecosystem By Avery Schneider • Oct 24, 2014 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers / WBFO News Squaw Island State Park on Buffalo's West side could be the site of some natural recycling. Plans move forward for proposed waterfront ferry boat By Ashley Hirtzel • Oct 15, 2014 Ashley Hirtzel / WBFO A major step was taken Wednesday in a project that would bring a ferry service to the Buffalo waterfront. The Erie Canal Harbor Development Corporation approved the public comment period for the plan that would allow a ferry to travel from the First Buffalo River Marina to Canalside, between the inner and outer harbors. Pages1 2 next › last »


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Rulers of the Wastelands
"Hekaw-haswt", i.e. the "rulers of the wastelands". This is how the Egyptian called the people that usurped the throne of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period for almost 200 years. Today we call them the Hyksos - after the Greek version of their original Egyptian name.
We don't know for sure who were these conquerors, where they came from, how they could subdue one of highest civilization of their age and where they disappeared after having been expelled from the Two Lands by the rulers of the 17th and 18th dynasty. They came from nowhere, they asked for role on the stage of history, then they disappeared to the same place they came from: nowhere. They left only bits and pieces for us, and the picture we can get after putting them carefully together is mysterious and dim.
Why do we know so little about them? First of all, because they were originally nomads, and as a non-settled ethnic group they left significantly fewer remains after them. Secondly even the Egyptians didn't know much about them, furthermore the imperial propaganda made efforts to erase even their memory from the collective consciousness, so even the information available for the contemporary was left to fall into oblivion (more of the later king-lists totally ignore the Hyksos rulers) Possibly the later pharaohs intentionally destroyed the remains commemorating the Hyksos supremacy but even the monuments that survived can not rival the Egyptian ones concerning neither their construction nor their durability.
Their role is significant in the history of the Two Lands, since beside their being the first foreign conquerors to oppose successfully the empire of the pharaohs, they brought the horse and the chariot to Egypt. The question stand to reason: how could a nomad people subdue an empire that represented the highest civilization of its age in the area?
We are in the Second Intermediate Period, in the second chaotic period of Egypt. The country is divided, the power is in the hands of parallel competing dynasties of the North and the South. The centralized power, the foundation of the empire's strength is in ruins. Kings alternate each other on the throne, the order of succession is irregular, Egyptologists suppose that the ruling kings were elected by military aristocracy. The institution of divine kingship faces a crisis, the sacral character of the kingship wavers. How could a kind elected by humans be the messenger of the gods, Horus' earthly manifestation?
Such circumstances described Egypt at the beginning of the 18th century B.C. when the Hyksos started to expand in from the Syro-Palestine region. They arrived as peaceful immigrants and settled down at the Eastern area of the Delta. They expanded from here both territorially and socially. They conquered Egypt not by a single attack. They sneaked into the highest and most powerful offices, more and more power concentrated in their hands until they took a firm stand in the eastern part of the country. Only the last move was violent but before we start examining the history of Hyksos domination let's take a look at the identity of these rulers of the wastelands.
Historians are uncertain about their origins. A Semitic origin could be concluded from the archaeological remains (weapons, house-traces) and the names of known Hyksos kings but the employment of horses and chariots - which were typical characteristics of an Indo-European ethnic group and totally unknown in Egypt - suggest and Indo-European derivation.
Their reign showed such features of early feudal society that confirms the Indo-European version. Besides the comparisons of the Near-Eastern history are worth considering. The beginning of the Hyksos reign coincides with the rise and consolidation of the great Indo-European dynasties (the Hittites in Anatolia, the Kassites in Babylon and the Hurrian Mitanni empire).
Their way of approaching and entering Egypt is equally uncertain. In case they truly are Indo-European, their migration could be a part of the general and large-scale Indo-European migration-wave of the period. If they are of Semitic origin, then this migration-wave may have pushed them to south, southeast. Maybe it was an Indo-European ethnic group that chased them out from their original homeland and forced them to run away.
It is not impossible that we face a people of Indo-European origin that during its migration met Semitic groups several times and assimilated and saved some foreign influence through cultural exchange (in which the Hyksos were more passive than active - just like in Egypt).
Their language is unknown so it can't be relied on in searching for the origin of the people. Both standpoints are easy to doubt, nevertheless Egyptologist are willing to accept the theory Semitic origin.
We have a violent, nomad ethnic group searching for a new homeland that more and more assimilates to the Egyptian society, founds a city in the Delta and has ruling ambitions. On the other hand we have a divided empire: Upper Egypt is in the hand of the 13th Theban dynasty, Lower-Egypt is ruled by the 14th Memphite dynasty.
The first violent move we know about is the military campaign of Salitis, Hyksos sovereign, during which he attacks and captures Memphis and progresses forward up to the city of Ity-tawy at the Fayyum-oasis. By this time the conquerors has laid down strong foundations in the Delta, their capitol, and Avaris rises as an impregnable fortress above the lowlands. With such a firm background it was easy to press forward in order to occupy the whole country. The pharaohs of Egypt could not combine forces against the foreign insult. The Hyksos king must have had no serious difficulties in putting Upper Egypt under his influence. In such a case - when the victory depends on battles - we have to take the advantage of the Hyksos concerning the mechanized aspects of warfare. As mentioned above, the Egyptian did not know either the horse or the chariot and besides they had to meet another "magical item" what we call composite bow. The Hyksos with such a warfare equipment in possession seemed to be not only a frightening enemy but represented an army supported by demonic forces in the superstitious eye of the Egyptian.
Let me leave the path of the facts and refer to the brilliant novel of Wilbur Smith titled "River God" in which the author excels in representing the defeat of the Egyptian army against the Hyksos. Of course the story must be a fiction (though the author refers to original Egyptian story written on papyrus rolls as sources) but the reaction of the soldiers to creatures and weapons of incredible range never seen before should have been similarly dramatic also in reality:
"I stared at the first wheel I had ever seen, and the simplicity and beauty of it burst in upon me like lightning flaring in my head. .It was genius of the highest order, and now I realized that we stood to be destroyed by this wonderful invention in the same way, as it must have annihilated the red usurper in the Lower Kingdom. . I knew then that we were doomed. How could we stand against these speeding chariots, and the recurved bows that so easily outranged the finest archer in our ranks. . For one thousand years our armies had been invincible and our swords had triumphed across the world. Here on the field of Abnub an age had come to an end."
So the Hyksos conquered Egypt and founded their dynasty, which according to the list of Manetho, was the 15th and then the 16th ruling house on the throne of the Two Lands. The absolute monarchy seemed to be unusual for a people of nomad traditions. Though the kings of the 15th dynasty ruled over the country, the sources suggest that the 16th dynasty ruled as local subordinate authorities in the regional centers of the countryside all over Egypt in the meantime. This authority held more power than a simple mayor. The political construction reminded more to an early feudal society than an absolute monarchy.
The Hyksos fully assimilated to the local cultural life. The tolerated the Egyptian religion. Surprisingly the most important religious cult was the one of Seth, who was the god of chaos, infertility, destruction, the deity of the desert and wild storms for the Egyptians. Though he is not fully evil (read more about him in our "Gods" section), by his mythical role - he is the assassin and the self-elected successor of Osiris - he is the opponent of the pharaoh, who is the representation of Osiris. This probably must have been intentional ideological confrontation against the pharaohs who were considered to be the manifestation of Horus in person and the traditional enemies for Seth. This opposition is proven by the name "Apophis" preferred among Hyksos kings which is another trace of the Seth-cult (Apophis is the celestial serpent who tries to prevent the bark of Ra from processing on the Western horizon but Seth defeats it night after night).
The circumstances around the reconquest of the power and beating off the Hyksos are not less unclear than the invasion that led to the foreign domination. It was a Theban noble family (17th dynasty in Manetho's list) that after being the vassal of the Hyksos, finally turned against the supremacy due to some sharpening confrontation about the nature of which we don't have a clue. Strangely the military conflict was provoked not by this family but the actual Hyksos ruler Auserre Apophis. As we can read on a contemporary papyrus this king sent a message to Sekenenre Djehewty-aa, Theban leader in which he complained about the roar of Theban hippopotami that deserved his rest (Avaris was about 600 km far from Thebes). Reading between the lines we can find another trace of the mentioned Seth-cult, using it as propaganda-weapon. Hippopotamus was the sacred animal of Seth and in the meantime the preferred prey of Egyptian pharaohs' hunt. Hunting down the hippopotami might have represented a part of ideological warfare, which gained aggressive reaction from Auserre Apophis.
The Theban house lost this first war. Sekenenre most possibly fell in battle. His mummy has been found. Its miserable condition shows that his broken body could not be perfectly put together by the professional skills of royal mummification experts. Upon the traces of damage on his skull and neck it is easy to identify the Hyksos weapons.
Sekenenre's son, Kahmose had more success. He confronts the conquerors against his advisors' opinion.
"I would like to know what my power is for. There is a foreign sovereign is Avaris, another in Nubia and I sit here being together with an Asian and a Negro; both has a part of Egypt and share the country with me."
Then later he says:
"My desire is to save Egypt and chase the Asians away."
What more!
"I will drink the wine of your grape-gardens, after the Asians I captured pressed it for me. I will ravage your residences, cut out your trees after loading your women to my ship and seizing your chariots."
Egyptologists have found some stelae, that tell us about the successful campaigns of Kahmose. We can be sure that he was the one that drove back the Hyksos from Upper Egypt to the Delta but did not brake down their dominance fully. He could take neither Avaris, nor Memphis, which was the key to the supremacy over the Delta. Apophis tried to involve the Nubians by a treaty but Kahmose's people captured his messengers on their way, so the alliance failed.
The events during the last years of the Hyksos reign are not clear but most possibly Kahmose could not live to see the retreat of the Hyksos. Nor did his opponent, Apophis. Though the details of the victory are mainly unknown, it is obvious that it was Kahmose's brother, Ahmose who forced to Hyksos to withdraw from the land of Egypt. He expelled them not only from the Delta but crossing the border he forced them back far to the deserts of Palestine.
Ahmose was respected all through the history as the third founder of the united country, his name was mentioned as the equal of Menes and Nebhepetra Mentuhetep. Manetho's list starts a new dynasty with his name, a new imperial period called the New Kingdom, which gave the Thutmosides, the Ramessides, the Amarna reform, the Valley of the Kings and the position and status of a powerful empire for Egypt.
The 200 year-long Hyksos supremacy did not leave much traces on the Black Land - except for the employment of horse and chariot - as already mentioned before. Neither did buildings remain after them. Their disappear is similarly mysterious as their arrival despite that ethnically they still composed serious percentage of the population for a long time. Historians' efforts to find out further details about their story and destiny after the Second Intermediate Period are all condemned to remain unsuccessful. Nothing tells us about their later history. The people of the Two Lands always remembered to them with fierce hatred - in case they wanted to remember at all - and history has been cruel enough to judge them only according to the Egyptian inscriptions. Not a single inscribed artefact of the Hyksos has come to surface to tell us a different story so this judgement is unfortunately but necessarily one-sided.
It is almost certain that the remained sources don't give us a reliable summary about the rulers of the wastelands; their role and age give the historians a wide range of interpretation.
To finish my composition let me quote the main hero of Wilbur Smith's novel again. These are the words of Taita beside his lady's deathbed. He releases his lady's soul with the following prophecy:
"I saw the vulture and cobra stand on either side of the river, divided by the waters. I saw the waters rise and fall one hundred seasons. I saw one hundred sheaths of corn, and one hundred birds fly over the river. Below them, I saw the dust of battle and the flash of swords. I saw the smoke of burning cities mingle with dust. At last I saw the cobra and vulture come together in congress. I saw them mating and entwined on a sheet of pure blue silk. There were blue banners on the city walls and banners of blue flew on the temple pylons. I saw the blue pennants on the chariots that drove out across the world. I saw monuments so tall and mighty that they would stand for ten thousand years. I saw the peoples of fifty different nations bow down before them."
The prophecy came true. The foreign rulers were driven out and Egypt entered the most glorious period of her history.
This composition couldn't have been
realized without the kind help of Miss Katrina Patricio.
Thank you, Kat, for your efforts from the bottom of our hearts.


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When Berlin was split into East and West and separated by the infamous Berlin Wall, a large no-man's-land was formed between the two distinct areas. People couldn't pass freely from one side of the city to the other. But the local bunnies? Well, they could travel as they pleased.
Place: Chausseestraße 93,Berlin,Germany
Date: 14.12.2018-31.12.2019
Start: open 24/7
Admission: free
Chausseestraße 93, Berlin, GermanyPrice


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Jo Anna Pollock
Committee Chair, Academic and Student Affairs
Attorney Jo Anna Pollock works as a shareholder at Simmons Hanly Conroy, in the Complex Litigation Department, where she focuses on environmental, commercial, class action and human rights litigation. She devotes her practice to representing people and their businesses that have been hurt through the wrongful conduct of others.
Jo Anna earned her bachelor's degree with honors from Lindenwood University in 1997. She earned her law degree from St. Louis University Law School, where she graduated with honors and on the Dean's list. She also served as an editor for The Journal of Health Law. She has penned several articles about practicing law for various publications, and she speaks at law conferences on various topics concerning trial work.
Jerry E. Scheidegger
Committee Chair, Facilities
Jerry E. Scheidegger is well-known for his dedication to serving the community. Born and raised in St. Charles, Scheidegger has been one of the key players in helping to make his hometown area both prosperous and compassionate. After finishing high school and joining the armed service, Scheidegger returned to St. Charles, engaging in small entrepreneurial ventures where he learned everything he could from his personal business experiences.
Today the Scheidegger family owns Corporate Group, Inc. and manages property it owns or has ownership in, located in St. Charles and Warren counties, and Lake of the Ozarks, and residential development in Colorado.
Donald E. Tuttle
Committee Chair, Board Development
Don is co-founder and managing partner of Top Gun Ventures, a premiere national retained consultancy firm that helps start-up to Fortune 500 companies build high performance executive teams at the "C" level. With offices in Austin, Boston, Dallas, New York, Palo Alto, Seattle and St Louis, Don and his partners have assisted entrepreneurs, investors, CEO's and Board of Directors attract "GameChangers" to build and scale companies throughout the U.S. and around the globe. In the last thirty years he has helped many companies to build entire executive teams. Many of these companies have grown, prospered and undergone successful liquidity events (IPO/buyouts).
Prior to building this business from 1984 to present, Don progressed through engineering and operational management roles within a Fortune 500 technology company.
Don completed his undergraduate studies at Southern Illinois University, and also completed all coursework leading towards a M.S. degree.
Don has been featured on CBS MarketWatch and other business programs and enjoys contributing to articles in various newspaper and magazines in the U.S. and globally. He enjoys golf, reading, fine wine, cooking, traveling and being a guest lecturer at universities and business events. He also has a passion for ensuring students select the proper educational degrees and transition their higher education into a fulfilling career.
Harry H. (Chip) Peterson
Committee Chair, Finance
Harry H. (Chip) Peterson is an entrepreneur in Farmington, Mo., where he serves as president and vice-president of several small companies. He served as president of Farmington Development Company for 25 years, which has been the main developer of commercial property, as well as residential developments, in Farmington. He owns Insight Partners Inc., which has operated as many as three Steak N Shakes in Missouri; Show-Me Cici's Pizza, Inc. and Q Loco, LLC, which he owns and operates as Cici's Pizza and Qdoba restaurants respectively; as well as office and retail ownership and management.
Peterson is a graduate of the University of Colorado-Boulder, where he earned his BS in small business management. In addition to being on the Board of Trustees of Lindenwood University, where he serves as Committee Chairman of the Athletics Committee, he serves on the First State Community Bank Board of Directors. He is president of Farmington Industrial Development Authority and has served on the Mineral Area Community College board, American Legion Missouri Boys State, the Farmington Chamber of Commerce, the Presbyterian Children's Home board, and the Farmington Memorial Methodist Church boards.
Peterson and his wife of 34 years, Debbie, who also owns and operates their various businesses, have one daughter, two sons, and four grandchildren.
David Mason
Committee Chair, Strategy and Development
Mr. Mason is the founder and CEO of David Mason + Associates. As a registered architect, he provides oversight for major clients while also overseeing the corporate marketing effort. As the President of the firm, with over 38 years of experience, he aims to investigate the possibility of eliminating a problem rather than following the temptation of solving the problem. His design philosophy emphasizes a critical examination of established attitudes and establishing a balance between practical function and human needs. David's management and technical leadership skills assure the client that the project team will receive the resources and the leadership required to meet or exceed all project goals and objectives.
Doug Mueller
Doug Mueller is co-founder of Mueller Prost and is a leading business advisor for corporate and emerging tax issues. He focuses on high-level tax planning and consulting for high-net worth individuals, business owners, and their related businesses across a broad range of industries.
Mueller has developed a culture and team at Mueller Prost that is dedicated to quality, technical expertise, and service. He sits on multiple professional and charitable boards, including the Missouri Society of Certified Public Accountants.
Mueller has earned various awards, including Who's Who in Law and Accounting by the St. Louis Business Journal, Beyond the Best by Small Business Monthly, St. Louis Top Accountant by a leading business publication, the fourth annual Money Magazine Tax Contest, and many more.
Patricia Penkoske, MD
Trustee Accreditation and Compliance Liaison
Lindenwood University alumna Patricia Penkoske ('69) began her service as Secretary on the Board of Trustees in May, 2017. She is a longtime critical care physician who remains involved in teaching medical students, residents and fellows at Barnes Jewish Hospital.
Dr. Penkoske moved to St. Charles during her high school years and attended Lindenwood College when it was transitioning to coed. Summer jobs in a research lab exposed her to research and medicine. She graduated from Washington University School of Medicine in 1974. Further training included general surgery and cardiac surgery. Penkoske was a practicing pediatric cardiac surgeon, researcher, and residency program director for 16 years at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and for two years at Saint Louis University. In 2005, she joined the faculty at Washington University.
The mother of three daughters, Penkoske lives in the Central West End and enjoys participation on several boards, sports, and travel.
Dr. John R. Porter
Dr. John R. Porter is Lindenwood University's 23rd president, a role he assumed in July 1, 2019. Porter worked for 33 years for IBM, the last 15 in senior management, and has also served as a board member in higher education and as an adjunct instructor and visiting professor.
Immediately prior to starting his current role, he served as vice president of services for a premier IBM Business Partner--Gulf Business Machines in Dubai. He has served as a member of the Board of Trustees at Evangel University, from which he holds a bachelor's degree, and also has experience as a university fundraiser. He has an MBA from Washington University in St. Louis and has earned a Doctor of Education degree from Johns Hopkins University.
During his professional career, Porter has worked in numerous locations in the United States, as well as in South Africa and Dubai. Porter and his wife, Beverly, have three adult children, all of whom live in the Kansas City area.
Ron Gorgen
Ron Gorgen ('98) is a retired compliance director at Edward Jones. He had worked there since 1979.
After working in field supervision, he joined the Compliance Department in 1999. He was a member of the Edward Jones Compliance Committee and was responsible for the semiannual Compliance Committee meeting and the Compliance Regulatory Symposium. He has been a member of the Edward Jones Leadership Council and Edward Jones Compensation Committee.
Gorgen is a co-founder of the Securities Industry Association's Insurance Supervision Committee, which is responsible for insurance and annuity supervision for financial services firms.
Besides serving on the Lindenwood University Board of Trustees, he is on the Mercy Hospital Foundation Board in St. Louis. Gorgen is a part-time professional development consultant for Washington University Law School. He is also a former president of the St. Louis Area Foodbank board and the president of the Central City, Neb., Chamber of Commerce.
Gorgen holds a bachelor's degree in finance from the University of Denver and completed his MBA at Lindenwood University. In addition, he graduated from the Securities Industries Institute at the Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania.
John W. Hammond
John W. Hammond is a retired entrepreneur who spent 23 years as president of G.W. Composites, Inc. in O'Fallon, Mo. Prior to that, he worked 12 years as a program manager of DC-10 flight simulators at McDonnell-Douglas.
Hammond joined the Lindenwood University Board of Trustees in 1991, and for many years, he served as Treasurer. He played an integral role in Lindenwood's creation of the University Commons shopping center across from the St. Charles campus. In 2013, Mr. Hammond provided financial support to establish The Hammond Institute within the Plaster School of Business and Entrepreneurship.
A Jefferson City, Mo., native, Hammond was chairman of the board of Frontenac Bank and currently is on the Board of Royal Bankshares. He is past president of Progress 64 West and remains active in that organization as well as Rotary. He and his wife, Barbara, live in Chesterfield.
Don C. Musick, III
Don C. Musick, III has over 30 years of experience providing construction services to property management firms, developers, institutions and corporations. Don is responsible for millions of square feet of office, retail, manufacturing and laboratory space.
After completing his education at St. Louis Priory School, University of Denver and St. Louis University, Don began his career working in the field on major construction projects for McCarthy Construction in St. Louis. After making an independent name for himself within the industry, Don decided to join the family business and maintain the Musick reputation of extraordinary excellence, quality and integrity that has endured for four generations. He is currently the Chairman and CEO of Don C. Musick Construction Company.
Don has created related companies in which he retains ownership and maintains top leadership positions; DCM Group (founded in 1992) which provides property management and development services to numerous corporate clients including; Emerson Electric Co., Mercy, St. Anthony's and BJC healthcare companies. DCM is also the developer of the Meridian in Brentwood and Ravenel Condominiums in Swansea, IL. Don also established West Park Painting, which is one of Missouri's largest painting companies servicing both commercial and residential clients.
Don is an active member of the St. Louis community, and has committed his spare time to several organizations and charitable groups
Ronnie D. Osborn
The Reverend Ronnie Osborn has served as pastor at St. Charles Presbyterian Church since 2005. He joined Lindenwood's Board of Trustees in 2008.
Osborn is a native of South Kansas City, Mo. He earned his BA in psychology from Baylor University. He worked in the social services field after college and was employed as a Deputy Juvenile Office for the State of Missouri and as a District Program Director for the YMCA of Greater Kansas City. He received his Master of Divinity from Pittsburgh Theological Seminary in 1992 and has served churches in Pittsburgh, Penn., Omaha, Neb., and Euharlee, Ga., before coming to St. Charles. While in Omaha, he completed his studies in the Master's in Christian Spirituality Program at Creighton University.
Osborn and his wife, Margaret, were married in 1992. They have two children.
Cassandra Brown Ray
Cassandra Brown Ray, CPA, MBA, joined the Saint Louis Zoo in 1992 as a staff accountant and served as the Controller/Director of Finance since 1999. In 2019, Ray was named Chief Financial Officer and is responsible for day-to-day operations of the Finance and Purchasing departments and leads financial sustainability planning for the organization. She also works closely with the governance of the Saint Louis Zoo, including the Audit, Investment and Finance committees. Ray is the Diversity & Inclusion team leader for the Zoo.
Ray serves on the Lindenwood University Board of Directors (2019) as well as the Board of Directors for DUO. She is a graduate of FOCUS Leadership St. Louis (2014) and a member of the inaugural class of the FOCUS Impact Fellows, a team charged with developing and implementing an action plan using the 2015 Ferguson Commission Report as a guideline.
She earned her MBA from Lindenwood University and her undergraduate accounting degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia. Before joining the Zoo, she worked for General Dynamics as an internal auditor and McDonnell Douglas as a cost control analyst.
William C. Schoenhard
William C. Schoenhard is a retired healthcare executive and former deputy under secretary for health for operations and management for the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Before his appointment to the VA, Schoenhard was executive vice president/chief operating officer for SSM Health Care. A former U.S. Navy officer who served in Vietnam, he serves on the boards of directors of Lindenwood University, the Gene Slay's Girls and Boys' Club of St. Louis, Mizzou Alumni Association, and Deaconess Nurse Ministry, as well as on the Finance Council of Mary Queen of Peace Catholic Church.
Schoenhard graduated from the University of Missouri with a Bachelor of Science degree in public administration in 1971. He earned a master's degree with honors in health care administration from the Washington University School of Medicine.
Gary N. Shaw
Gary N. Shaw is Senior Vice President/Financial Advisor at Morgan Stanley. He has more than five decades of industry experience. He was named a President's Club member while at Dean Witter Reynolds (now Morgan Stanley) and earned membership on the Director's Advisory Council at E.F. Hutton (now part of Morgan Stanley).
He was named Youth in Need's Man of the Year in 1988, Dean Witter Reynolds' Broker of the Year in 1991, and Boys & Girls Club Man of the Year in 1996, and received the St. Charles Chamber of Commerce Lifetime Distinguished Service Award in 2002. His alma mater, Iowa Wesleyan University, awarded him an honorary Doctorate of Laws in 1993.
Shaw believes in giving back to the community and serves on several not-for-profit boards including: Missouri Kids, Foundry Art Centre, Lindenwood University, Endowment for United Services, and Iowa Wesleyan University. Shaw and his wife, Joyce, have 6 children and 14 grand-children.
Life Members
Ben Blanton
Kevin Bray
Jacqueline Brock
Nancy Calvert
Jane Calvert Rogers
David G. Cosby
Jonathan Ford
Grace Harmon
Elizabeth Huss
Larry G. Kelley
Ronald W. Ohmes
Dale Rollings
Patrick S. Sullivan


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Judy-Ann Smith Law Firm, P.A
Struggling Through Divorce And Custody Matters
A divorcing couple has numerous disputes and complicated court processes to navigate. It is the job of a family law attorney to provide the guidance necessary to get clients from start to finish in the most efficient manner possible.
With more than 45 years of combined legal experience, the lawyers at Judy-Ann Smith Law Firm, P.A are prepared to explain even the most challenging aspect of the court system. Feel free to call us to set up a free consultation.
Here are the main steps involved in the divorce process.
• Beginning a divorce. The beginning of a divorce case in Florida involves filing an action in a court that has jurisdiction. The initial filing is called a complaint. The complaint is a statement of what the person filing for divorce is asking for. It doesn't have to be lengthy, and it doesn't have to be very specific. It must contain a plain statement of what the person is asking for – for example the reason for divorce, the request for a division of marital property, a division of marital debt, a parenting plan for any minor children, a request for alimony (spousal support), if any, and a request for attorney fees from the other spouse.
• Court must have jurisdiction. The court must have jurisdiction, or power, to hear the divorce action. Not all courts in Florida have jurisdiction over divorce matters, and the courts that have jurisdiction to hear divorce actions vary from one locality to another.
• Which court? The options of the county in which to file a divorce action are limited. The complaint must be filed in the county where the husband and wife reside at the time of their separation, or in which the defendant resides, if the defendant is resident of Florida. But if the defendant is a nonresident of the state, the complaint must be filed in the county where the person seeking the divorce resides.
• Serve the other party. The person against whom the divorce is filed must be served with process. "Served with process" means the person must receive a copy of the complaint and a summons informing the person that a divorce action has been brought against them, and notifying the defendant of other particulars in the proceeding. After the person is served, a 30-day time frame exists for that person to file a written response to the complaint. The person receiving the summons can then, if they wish, file a counter-complaint against the person who filed the first complaint.
• Settlement before trial. Just because the divorce complaint has been filed, and the other person has been served, does not mean that case has to then proceed to trial. The parties can, of course, try and settle their divorce. A great majority of divorce actions are settled, and not tried, in Florida. Florida courts encourage parties to settle their divorce cases. Because of that philosophy, most courts will require the parties to attend mediation to attempt a settlement of their divorce action. The mediation is a confidential proceeding using a neutral person, called a mediator, who attempts to facilitate an agreement between the parties. If the parties reach an agreement, the agreement is put into a written form and the parties sign that written agreement. Generally, once an agreement is signed, it is not possible to avoid that agreement unless there are extraordinary circumstances or reasons for setting the agreement aside.
• A trial is sometimes necessary. If settlement negotiations, and mediation, are not successful, or only partially successful, the parties can then proceed to a trial. Divorce cases in Florida are generally tried before a judge alone. The judge hears testimony from both parties and their witnesses, and decides these issues: who gets the divorce; how the property is divided; how the debts are divided; a parenting plan for the children, if there are minor children; an award of spousal support or alimony if appropriate; and the award of attorney fees, if appropriate. The decision is called a judgment or decree of divorce.
• You can ask the judge to change the decision. After the decree or judgment is entered by the court, the parties have an opportunity to ask the judge to alter or amend the judgment or decree, or to grant a new trial. Of course, the person asking for changes in the judgment or new trial must have a good reason for that request.
• Appealing the judge's decision. Appeals are available to persons who disagree with what the trial judge decided. That appeal is made to the court of appeals for the state of Florida.
Our firm has represented thousands of people in divorce cases in many different jurisdictions. The results have been favorable, and we would be pleased to meet with you about your divorce. You can contact us for a no-cost, no-obligation consultation. Or you can complete the online form on our website. We promise to respond within 24 hours.


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The GOP presidential hopefuls have spent a busy week in New Hampshire.
A new CNN poll is out showing Jeb Bush leading with 17 percent support, followed by Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker at 12 percent, Sens. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) and Rand Paul (R-Ky.) at 11 percent, former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee at 9 percent, Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Tex.) at 7 percent and New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie sliding all the way to 4 percent.
Rubio and Bush are tied at 18 percent as the candidates who "represent the future" of the GOP (a result the Bush people would dearly love to sustain).
So what do we know?
1. My sense that the race is all about Bush vs. the not-Bush winner seems to be holding up. Walker, after popping out on the scene, remains in a pack of contenders for that not-Bush crown. To separate himself from the competition, he will need to present a national agenda and message that go beyond his Wisconsin accomplishments.
2. Rubio, as we anticipated, has bounced up to the top tier with a very successful first week as an announced candidate. The trick will be staying there and overcoming concerns about his executive experience and seasoning.
3. As we've seen by Cruz's entry, the newest tea party-ish candidate can get a pop, but with that lane very crowded (Paul, Huckabee, Ben Carson, etc.), it is hard at this stage for any single candidate to break through. Iowa is critical for each of these, and the results there may be the first meaningful winnowing of the field.
4. Foreign policy still dominates, and candidates are expected to sound informed and — for conservatives — take issue with the president, especially on Iran. In that sense, the mini-matchup between Walker and Rubio (two dynamic newcomers) may boil down to Walker's executive experience vs. Rubio's foreign policy prowess. The prominence of foreign policy creates a likely insurmountable problem for Paul.
5. None of the GOP contenders is as stiff and unapproachable as Hillary Clinton.
6. The idea that a super-successful fundraising operation could chase others out of the field has been disproved, but if the race is long and arduous, those with money will have the advantage.
7. In some sense, the money cancels itself out. So long as a candidate has enough, he need not have the most. With the race in its early stages and plenty of free media, the leader still has less than 20 percent support.
8. Immigration is not the issue that anti-immigration reform hawks think it is. Bush and Rubio, who favor reform, are both going strong.
9. Former Texas governor Rick Perry is right up behind Carson and Christie. If he keeps getting good reviews, has a successful rollout and can carve out an image as "the experienced governor who's not a Bush," he will continue to do well.
10. Candidates who are rounding the rough edges off right-wing positions (e.g. saying they would attend a gay marriage, acknowledging climate change) are, so far, no worse for wear. Perhaps actual voters are less ideologically rigid than they've been made out to be.


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The UCMJ (Uniform Code of Military Justice) is a federal law enacted by Congress. It serves as the foundation of military law in the United States. Article 1, section 8 of the US Constitution states that Congress shall have the power to make rules and regulations regarding the land and naval forces, thus we have the UCMJ.
The Law requires the President to implement the provisions of the UCMJ as Commander-in-Chief. The President does this through an executive order called the "Manual for Court Martial", or the MCM.
Article 15
One of the most frequently acknowledged articles of the UCMJ articles is Article 15. Under this article, commanders have the right to exercise non-judicial punishment. This is common in situations where a member commits minor breaches of discipline. The soldier has the option to accept the Article 15 or turn it down and demand trial by court-martial. An Article 15 hearing is comparable to a misdemeanor court, and a trial by court-martial is more comparable to a felony court. Article 15s can, however, affect a soldier's future. A commander can choose where to file the Article 15, and if filed in the soldier's official records, it may affect promotions, clearances, and special assignments.
Punitive Articles
UCMJ Articles 77-134 are called the "punitive articles". These articles lay out specific offenses which can result in punishment by court-martial. Some of these offenses include stealing property, unlawful entry, wearing unauthorized insignia, disorderly conduct, etc. Chapter 4 of the MCM expands on the punitive articles.
The many offenses listed in the punitive articles can seem overwhelming at first glance. Thus, the MCM separates the punitive articles into these six parts: the text, elements of the offense, an explanation, lesser included offenses, maximum permissible punishments, and sample specifications. This section is written in a way that makes the offenses and penalties simple to understand.
Article 31
Article 31 of the UCMJ defines rights belonging to anyone who has been accused. These include the right to remain silent, the right to be told what you are being accused of, and the right to know that any statements you make will be used against you. The Constitution provides the right to an attorney though it is not specified in Article 31.
Contact an Attorney
If you find yourself faced with an Article 15 or another accusation in relation to the UCMJ articles, contact an attorney who is specifically equipped to defend soldiers. Military Trial Defenders is well-versed in all aspects of military law and we're prepared to assist you however you may need. We bring a team approach to the military justice system and are experienced in military litigation. Contact our attorneys today.


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