text:
Petition for Safer Urban Drilling
Recent Posts
- City of Ft Worth FAIL to Pick Up Incoming Air Quality Complaint
- DWG Compressor Station fire, why are there NO urban gas processing setback rules?
- $38.2 million given to RRC from Rainy Day Fund in 2018-2019 state budget for Abandoned Well Clean Up – One third of TX 438,000 O&G wells are INACTIVE, over 6,000 are abandoned
- Eastern Star Points to Unknown Disposition of Gasoline Storage Tank Buried at AISD Performing Arts Center and MORE
- Loopholes Found In Urban Drilling Public Protection
Archives to scroll through
- 36
- acid
- acrolein
- AISD Performing Arts Pollution
- arlington
- askimet
- avner vengosh
- baker hughes
- bankruptcy
- Barnett Shale
- bass
- batteries
- benzene
- bottled water
- Bromate
- cdc
- chemicals
- city council
- cityofarlington
- coal
- Compressor Station
- county
- course
- covid
- cozad
- crowsen
- Dale Henry
- disposal
- distilled
- don jakeway
- drill
- drilling mud
- dunnachie
- earthquake
- edinburgh
- endangered
- endocrine disruption
- exposure
- fee
- flir
- flood
- flooded drill sites
- fluoride
- formaldehyde
- frack on crack
- frackquake
- ft worth
- gasland
- geothermal
- got
- groundwater
- h2s
- harvey
- historic
- hurricane
- impact investing
- industrialized
- injection wells
- inversion
- isis
- joe barton
- l;ake
- lake arlington
- lake charles
- land farming
- lawsuit
- lead
- leak
- leukemia
- mallick
- Mental
- mercury
- methanol
- Methyl Mercaptan
- michael
- msd
- nexus
- nuclear
- nuisance
- osha
- ozone
- Particulate Matter
- plague
- plastics
- ponzi
- produced water
- protest
- purified
- quake
- radon
- reasonable
- recycle
- renewables
- rivera
- roof-less
- roofless
- rrc
- rule
- russ
- russell
- sasol
- scheme
- silica
- spill
- stadium
- storm
- superfund
- texas
- Truman
- trwd
- tthm
- txoga
- Uncategorized
- utilities
- vaping
- veronica
- viridian
- vs
- war
- water contamination
- water generator
- water pollution
- water world
- zone
History of Hell
Tag Archives: livability
Pic of huge flare behind MISD Performing Arts Center Barnett Shale Texas !
UPDATE!!!!! 1/29/15 FLIR Compressor Station recording near MISD Performing Arts very damning to the industry https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbZ0fnd54us end update Eagle Ridge has just set up this flare (that black telescoping looking thing)…imagine when they haven't used a flare in the past & … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged aisd, arlington, asthma, att, Barnett, btex, cancer, cavazos, chesapeake, cindy, cityofarlington, cityofmansfield, cluster, college, Community, copd, cowboys, district, drilling, Eagle, exposure, facebook, fail, flare, fracking, gas, ghg, ghgs, global, globelife, GM, home, jerry, jones, kimfeilgood, livability, mansfield, methane, michael, mike, misd, park, powell, ridge, rule, schol, shale, speeding, stadium, staff, students, sustainability, TCEQ, tcjc, texass, twitter, tx, Uncategorized, up, UTA, venting, warming Leave a comment
Texas Health Resources bids farewell to former lady fracker who headed up the Blue Zone "well"ness project
UPDATE…here is a 2011 letter I'm just finding out about where Julie Wilson, X VP of Barnett Shale/Chesapeake is telling people who to vote for that are fracking friendly…. Chesapeake PAC Local Candidate Endorsements May 3, 2011 at 9:55pm … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged ACH Child and Family Services, Albertsons, appointment, Arts Council of Fort Worth, Assistant City Manager; Sal Espino, Assistant General Manager; Bob Pence, Assistant Superintendent; Kitty Koehler, Associate Vice President; Sharon Homan, att, Azle School District, Barnett, Bell Helicopter, Ben E. Keith, Beth-el Congregation; Jean Carmichael, betsy, Better Choice Better Health Program Coordinator; Wm. F. Bill Hart, Bike Friendly Fort Worth; Dennis Shingleton, Bike Friendly Fort Worth; Glen Whitley, biking, Black Chamber of Commerce, blue, bluezone, bluezones, BNSF Railway, BNSF Railway; Suzanne Purdum, Bonnell's Texas & Waters, Broadway Baptist Church; Andy Taft, Business Health Leader; Carol Culpepper, Business Health Leader; Chris Synder, Business Health Leader; Naya Walker, Business Health Leader; Sandra Shoemaker, Business Health Leader; Sue Shields, Business Health Leader; William Gardiner, campaign, Catholic Charities; Michelle Cowden, CEO; Dr. Jose Gonzales, CEO; Randy Turner, Chair Community/Behavioral Health; Dr. Elizabeth Trevino, Chair; Linda Hurt, chamber, Chaplain; Jorene Taylor-Swift, Chef/Owner; Heather Hancock, chesapeake, chesapeake energy, Chief Medical Officer; Devoyd Jennings, Chief of Staff; Alonzo Linan, Chief of the Division of Community Health Sciences; Tim Doke, City Manager; Yvette M. Jones, City of Fort Worth, cityofarlington, commerce, Communities in Schools of Greater Tarrant County, Compensation & Benefits; Bob Hunt, Construction Manager; Lou Brewer, Cook's Children, Councilman; Eric Fladager, Councilman; Jason Lamers, Councilman; Landon Stallings, County Public Health Department; Dana Burghdoff, Customer Service Supervisor; Bridget Hall, dancing, Dean; Brett McClung, Del Frisco's, Deputy Director- Public Works; Julia M McCleeary, Deputy Planning Director; Marissa Conlin, Director, Director of Alumni Relations; Walter Dansby, Director of Clinical Pastoral Education program; Paul Paine, Director of Employee Relations; Leslie Casey, Director of Marketing; Bill Thornton, Director of Public Affairs Restaurants Jon Bonnell, Director of Research; Dennis Thombs, Director of Sales & Marketing; Big Joe, Director of Youth and Family Services; Kathy Goodale, Director Regional & State Government; James Jackson, Director Total Rewards & Talent Acq; Michael Ray, Director- Public Works, Director; Bob Smith, divas, Division Manager of Customer Satisfaction; Bo Soderbergh, drilling, Eagle Mountain-Saginaw ISD, EHS & Sustainability; Ryan Martin, Engineering Manager; Fernando Costa, Executive Director & SVP Strategic Services; Dr. Michael Williams, Executive Director of Personnel Services; Dr. Gary Krahn, Executive Director of Student Support Services; David Upton, Executive Director; Connie Yates, Executive Vice President of North Zone; Jackie Meaks, facebook, Facilities Business; Steve McWilliams, fail, fft worth, Fiesta Mart, Fire Marshall; Mark Troxler, fort, fort worth, Fort Worth 7th Day Adventist; Dan Blumberg, Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, Fort Worth Convention & Visitors Bureau, Fort Worth Independent School District, Fort Worth Independent School District; Fredrick Slabach, Fort Worth South Inc., Freese & Nichols, fwisd, fwln, Gamtex Industries; Susan Garnett, General Manager/Co-owner; Greg Kalina, General Manager; Juan Limon, General Manager; Mike Micallef, General Manager; Russell Kirkpatrick, heading, Headmaster; Dr. Ray Lea, health, HEB Central Market, Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, hospital, Human Resources, Human Resources Manager, Interim Vice President; Camille Crim, Internal Communications; Karen Harzog, Job, jobs, Joe T Garcias, julie, kimfeilgood, Kroger, Landscape Architecture; Betsy Price, livability, Lockheed Martin, M Group, manager, Manager of Administrative 45 Services; Nommo Combs, Manager-Employee Engagement; Johnny Campbell, mayor, Mayor; Arty Wheaton-Rodriguez, Medical Director of Center for Children's Health; Genny Hickman, memorial, MHMR Vision, Miller Coors, nepotism, North Texas Area Community Health Centers; Larry Tubb, Northwest ISD, Nutrition Services Manager; Austin Jorde, of, Operations Manager; Williams, Owner; Sandy Schneider, paths, Plant Manager; Michael Jarrard, pollution, pr, President & CEO; David Castillo, President & CEO; David Parker, President & CEO; Michael Steinert, President & CEO; Tim McKinney, President & CEO; Wayne Menking, President Employer Rita Brooks, President of Downtown Fort Worth; Melinda Veatch, President; Bernie Scheffler, President; Bob Jameson, President; Clint Sanders, President; Dr. Mark DeHaven, President; Jason Kravik, President; Matt Mancino, President; Mike Steele, President; Nancy Ward, price, Program Manager for Fit Worth; Dr. Jim Chadwell, protest, Range Resources, Reata, Regional Director; Michelle Hynes, Regional Manager; Amanda Boaldin, relations, Representative for Carter Museum; Eric E. Smith, Representative for Carter Museum; Maria Gray, Representative of the President; Rosemary Galdiano, resources, Rotary Club; ABC TV WFAA; Dallas Morning News; Fort Worth Star Telegram; Fort Worth Business Press; Healthcare Daily; NBC 5 KXAS TV; WBAP News Talk radio Health Lillie Biggins, Safety Specialist Schools Shari Barnes, Salvation Army, Senior Citizens Services of Greater Tarrant County, Senior Planner; Joel McElhany, Senior Planner; Tom Higgins, Service Execution Manager; Richard Gordon, Service Operations Manager; Curt Metzger, shale, sidewalks, Sprouts Farmers Market, Store Director; Gary Huddleston, Store Manager; Jim MacPhearson, Sundance Square Management, Superintendent; Dr. Gary Gindt, Superintendent; Georgie Roberts, Superintendent; Jenny Cooks, SVP Community Engagement; Arnie Gachman, Tarrant Area Community of Churches; Beckie Wach, Tarrant Area Food Bank, Tarrant Area Food Bank & Tarrant County Food Policy Council, Tarrant County Judge; Doug W. Wiersig, Tarrant County Public Health; Jungus Jordan, Tarrant County Restaurant Association, texas, Texas Christian University, Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital Fort Worth, Texas Health Resources, Texas Wesleyan University, Tom Thumb, Trinity Bicycles, Trinity Valley School, Tyler Bower, Uncategorized, United Way, University of North Texas Health Science Center, University of North Texas Health Science Center; Richard Kurtz, urban, Vice President of Supply Chain Management; Shawn Snell, Vice President; Patricia Pitch, Vice-President Community Policy Andy Anderson, VP, VP-Service Delivery; Amanda Cowart, Wellness Coordinator 46 Grocery Stores Don Bersterman, Wellness Director; Asusena Resendiz, wilson, worth, YMCA, Yucatan, ywca, zones Leave a comment
Nasty pics of Arlington Air hazeline / Gaswell Dispatch reports incomplete
Arlington TX Center Street bridge, the gateway into our Entertainment lung rape District on Dec 17 2013. Here are two photos (one with and one without camera flash) driving towards Ft Worth (gasland) Texas on Interstate 30…we saw two active … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged 2013, afd, air, arlingfun, arlington, att, att stadium, attract, Barnett, barton, Bill, breath, brown, cars, chamber, chesapeake, chris, cityofarlington, commerce, cowcoys, cruz, december, degregation, diane, dispatch, district, distruption, done, downtown, drilling, emission, endocrine, entertainment, epa, establishment, events, exhaust, fail, fbca, feil, festive, final, first baptist church, flags, four, GM, habor, haze, hold, hometown, hurricane, jakeway, joe, jonathan, Kim, kimfeilgood, krause, list, livability, mangement, matt, mayor, Methodist, ncaa, nctcog, ordinance, ozone, patrick, pictures, provost, quality, rangers, representative, sbu, shale, six, spirit, stadium, stickland, tcc, TCEQ, tcjc, ted, triolo, turner, Uncategorized, university, UTA, UTArlington, visitors, winston, zedler Leave a comment
Dallas saw intangible cost of peace & good will to residents, VISITORS, & businesses.
—– Forwarded Message —– From: kim feil <email@example.com> To: Mike Rawlings <firstname.lastname@example.com>; Scott Griggs <firstname.lastname@example.com>; Sandy Greyson <firstname.lastname@example.com>; "firstname.lastname@example.com" <firstname.lastname@example.com>; "firstname.lastname@example.com" <email@example.com>; "email@example.com" <firstname.lastname@example.com>; "email@example.com" <firstname.lastname@example.com>; "email@example.com" <email@example.com>; Monica Alonzo <firstname.lastname@example.com> Cc: "firstname.lastname@example.com" <email@example.com>; Robert Rivera <email@example.com>; "firstname.lastname@example.com" <email@example.com>; "email@example.com" <email@example.com>; "firstname.lastname@example.com" <email@example.com>; … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged aledo, att, att stadium, azile, Barnett, barton, Businesses, caringbridge, Christ, Christmas, city, cityofarlington, colston, cost, council, cowboys, cowboys stadium, dallas, district, ennis, entertainment, feil, ft, gas, glioblastoma, good, goodwill, health, holiday, jaggers, janice, Jesus, joe, Kim, kimfeilgood, letter, livability, men, nusiance, peace, pheochromocytoma, prosperity, rangers, regent, representative, row, shale, stadium, thank, Uncategorized, violation, wealth, well, will, worth, you, zander Leave a comment
Make that THREE "related" cancers downwind from Fracking in Arlington TX
update 3/2014…possibly 4…the grandmother just died…will find out where she lived. UPDATE 11/26/2013 !>>>>>Make that THREE related cancers if you count the family pet!!! Below is a video that maps out where the aunt and the niece (who live close to … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged aetna, agent, allstate, arlington, asthma, Barnett, bluecross, breast, campground, cancer, carma, carrizo, chamber, chemo, chemtherapy, chesapeake, Christ, Christian, churches, cityofarlington, cluck, clusters, commerce, connoco, Cooper, cynthia, death, deductible, devalue, disease, doctor, doggy, downwind, drilling, early, emissions, fall, fall out zone, farmers, flir, flowback, frack, fracking, fracknation, gaslond, General Motors, GM, halliburton, health, hmo, home, hositpal, humana, hydrocarbons, imrt, insurance, kimfeilgood, koa, leukemia, levitt, livability, lung, lungs, lymph, mining, nodes, of, officer, out, poison, pollution, ppo, production, radiation, remission, resources, Robert, schlumberger, shale, simmons, site, storage, tanks, texas, therapy, thyroid, toxic, treatments, tx, Uncategorized, uta.utarlington arlington, valuation, xto, zone 4 Comments
Mystery Rash for Arlington TX Resident near Fracking GM
UPDATE another lady with a similar rash video…. On Sat May18, 2013 Arlington held a city wide garage sale at 1400 Dugan Street near General Motors and their two Chesapeake gas well padsites. A woman who lived nearby complained about … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged air, aisd, arlington, benzene, cars, chesapeake, city, cityofarlingotn, council, cowboys, department, dermatologist, district, effects, emissins, entertainment, feil, frack, fracking, General, GM, health, Industrial, kaboom, Kim, kimfeilgood, lana, livability, manufacturing, Motors, neighborhood, painting, Parks, pollution, quality, rash, rashes, recreation, resident, silica, stadium, sulfur, TCEQ, texas, town, tx, Uncategorized, utarlngton, wolff 2 Comments
NINE workers D E A D – airshed tank hazards
3/2016 Update make that NINE worker deaths as mentioned here end update ——– Oct 2014 eenews UPDATE "An EnergyWire investigation identified the cases of the four men — Bergsing, Buckles, Blaine Otto and Trent Vigus — from OSHA databases. EnergyWire then … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged &, ack, adams, Address, Advisor, Aerospace, ailment, aisd, and, arlington, arlingtonvoice, arlnnews, asthma, attorneys, attornies, Automotive, BACT, bailey, Baptist, Barnett, Bennett, benton, bergsin, bergsing, blaine otto, bowman, buckles, Buettner, Burkhard, buzz, candidate, capehart, Carbajal, carrizo, carter, Caspian, cdc, Chairman, chamber, Charlie, chemicals, chesapeake, chief, China, chris, christians, Church, city, city council, cityofarlington, collin, commerce, Corporation, council, crowson, cynthia, dallas, darryl, Defence, Director, disruptor, doctor, Doegey, don, downtown, dr, drilling, dustin, edc, editor, endocrine, energy, eric, estate, explosion, exposures, family, Fedewa, First, fossil, frack, frack-hack, frackhack, fracking, friendly, fuels, future, gary, gas, geisinger, glaspie, global, GM, grand, gregory, Gustafson, hack, Hansen, Head, India, Industrial, jakeway, james, jane, jay, jessica, jim, jimmy, joe, Kathryn, kennedale, kerrville, kimfeilgood, lana, Landscape, Lawrence, lawsuit, letters, Limited, livability, love, loving, lung, Makovich, management, Managing, Maria, Market, maxwell, mayor, medicine, Methodist, michael, minley, morris, Mount, moyer, mundy, natural, new, niosh, notification, Nurkin, of, oil, ok, Olive, pantego, parajon, parker, pishkur, pollutants, power, prairie, president, Product, publisher, pulmonogist, randy, randy moyer, real, research, respiratory, Rig, rivera, Robert, robert.cluck, roger, Russian, rutigliano, Scenarios, schrock, self, Senior, separator, shale, shepard, sheri, Shift, shorthorn, simmons, special, star, star telegram, Stoppard, Stuart, Sudhir, susan, sustainability, system, Tate, TCEQ, Tectonic, telegram, terry, texas, Thane, the, theron, thoratic, tips, tony, trent vigus, trey, Uncategorized, urban, UTA, UTArlington, Vasudeva, venables, Vice, Vice President, warming, westbrook, WFAA, white, who, wilemon, wolff, Xizhou, xto, yelverton, young, Zhou Leave a comment
Arlington silences embarrassing health effects from 911 tapes
UPDATE of 4/29/2013 The 911 tapes of the 1/31/2013 Chesapeake odor event across from the Cowboys Stadium showed blips of redacted silence on health effects…this is the second of a disconnect call from a resident of the … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged abuse, agape, agenda, animals, arlingont, arlington, asthma, atf, Baptist, Barnett, Bennett, boomtown, buzz, cancer, caphart, catholic, chamber, Charlie, christians, citizen, cityofarlington, cluck, collin, comment, commerce, cowboys, crowsen, democracy, discussion, don, drilling, estate, faith, feil, fellowship, First, flags, foundation, frack, fracking, fracknation, freedom, fun, gas, gasland, General, General Motors, gilaspie, gregory, home, jakeway, jerry, Jesus, jim, jimmy, jones, Kathryn, Kim, kimfeilgood, lana, leukemia, limit, livability, mayor, Methodist, michael, mineral, Motors, Mount, nation, natural, neighborhoods, of, Olive, overcoming, parajon, parker, participation, pollution, promised, property rights, public, quality, real, religion, richard, rights, rivera, Robert, shale, shei, shepard, six, slaughter, smith, speech, stadium, sustainability, tomorrow, Uncategorized, urban, UTA, UTArlington, voice, weber, wilemon, wlofee, zack 1 Comment
Chesapeake Bobcat 1H well Spewed all over Cowboys Stadium area Jan. 31 2013
UPDATE ON INCIDENT REPORT OPEN RECORDS REQUEST>>> From: kim feil <email@example.com> Sent: Wed, February 20, 2013 9:05:15 AM Subject: Drilling health effects on emission release Fw: Open Records Center Update :: W010437-020713 FYI this is a PIR response on the Chesapeake odor/emission event near … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged 1h, arlington, atf, Barnett, barry, barton, bobcat, bottleneck, bridgette, camera, cash, cat, cat piss, catpiss, Charlie, chemical, chesapeake, chris, city, cityofarlington, collin, council, county, cow, cowboy, cowboys, crowson, cynthia, davis, district, don, dr, drilling, effects, entertainment, environmental, estate, evacuation, fee, feil, first detect, flags, flir, football, fund, gas, General, GM, gregory, handler, hazard, health, huffines, infra, infrared, injustice, investigator, jakeway, jessica minely, jim, joe, Kim, kimfeilgood, like, lincoln, livability, mel, meth, Motors, msds, natural, parajon, parker, pee, petroleum, piss, public, real, records, red, Rig, risk, rrc, senator, shale, simmons, six, six flags, smells, smitherman, smokey, spectrometer, spill, square, stadium, storage, tad, tank, Tarrant, TCEQ, tomorrow, transportation, trey, Truman, turner, tx, Uncategorized, unconventional, urban, urine, UTA, UTArlington, viidian, wendy, white, workover, yelverton, yverlton Leave a comment
update on Pantego Compressor Station near AISD Bailey Junior High
update…the vote passed to allow onsite, electric compressors in raised housing structures at the fence line by Bowen Rd. These urban electric compressors are touted as emission free, but below you will see a TCEQ questionaire regarding all the different … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged affect, Arlington tx, backup, bailey, benzene, blow, blowdown, btex, cancer, carrizo, city, council, diesel, direct, down, down.mss, drilling, effect, electrical, emission, evacuation, events, gas, hazard, high, illness, junior, kettle, kimfeilgood, lease, leasing, livability, Maintenance, methane, natural, neighborhood, noise, ordinance, outage, pantego, planning, pollution, recovery, red, risk, royalties, royalty, seniors, shut, stacks, start, station, storage, system, tanks, TCEQ, Uncategorized, up, urban, vapor, vent, vibration, zoining Leave a comment


text:
Highland Air Services
Highland Air designs radon-mitigation systems that are unique to each and every structure while considering future uses of basement areas and minimizing any negative impact on the building's aesthetics.
Sub-slab diagnostics are performed to determine the appropriate size of fan and to minimize the number of suction points (penetrations through the concrete floor). Most Highland Air radon systems require only one suction point.
The average cost is $1300 to $1500, including a post-mitigation verification sample.
Highland Air can correct radon-mitigation systems, which were installed by other companies that failed to reduce radon below the 4 piC/L level.
Our system performance is guaranteed to reduce radon below 4.0 pCi/L.
The minimum fee for this service is $2000, including a post-mitigation verification sample.
All radon mitigation systems designed and installed by Highland Air will achieve the guaranteed result stated in the contract. In our contract, there are no additional fees for additional work.
When the cost is quoted, that is the final cost.
There will be no charge for additional work.
Highland Air will install replacement fans on systems built by other companies; however, Highland Air cannot guarantee radon levels. Some existing radon-mitigation systems never had their effectiveness demonstrated.
Replacement fan service is $300 to $400.
Highland Air Inc. is exclusively a radon measurement and mitigation company and provides no other environmental, building repair, or home-enhancement services.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
The war abroad and the war at home are both fueled by a fear of encroaching chaos — and it's hard to miss the racist subtext.
Posts Tagged: National Rifle Association
We often hear of U.S. guns turning up at crimes scenes abroad. But we rarely hear about how many foreign-made guns find their way to the United States.


text:
Kansas Administrative Regulations
Regulation Number:
Agency Title:
Article Title:
Kansas Retailers' Sales Tax
Tax Type:
Kansas Retailers' Sales Tax
Brief Description:
Sales in interstate commerce.
92-19-29 Sales in interstate commerce. When tangible personal property is sold within the state and the seller is obligated to deliver it to a point outside the state or to deliver it to a carrier or to the mails for transportation to a point without the state, the retail sales tax does not apply: Provided, The property is not returned to a point within this state. The most acceptable proof of transportation outside the state will be:
(a) A waybill or bill of lading made out to the seller's order calling for delivery; or
(b) An insurance or registry receipt issued by the United States postal department, or a post office department's receipt; or
(c) A trip sheet signed by the seller's delivery agent and showing the signature and address of the person outside the state who received the delivered goods.
However, where tangible personal property pursuant to a sale is delivered in this state to the buyer or his agent other than a common carrier, the sales tax applies, notwithstanding that the buyer may subsequently transport the property out of this state. (Authorized by K.S.A. 79-3618, K.S.A. 1971 Supp. 79-3602, 79-3606; effective, E-
70-33, July 1, 1970; effective, E-71-8, Jan. 1, 1971; effective Jan. 1, 1972.)
Return to KSA Listing


text:
Two women taken to hospital after A11 crash
PUBLISHED: 11:11 28 August 2018 | UPDATED: 11:55 28 August 2018
Two women were injured when the car they were travelling in left the carriageway on the A11.
The crash took place on Thursday, August 23 at around 5pm at Thetford.
Police were called following reports a blue Ford Fiesta had left the southbound carriageway and went into a ditch near the BP petrol station.
Two women sustained injuries and were taken to the Norfolk and Norwich University for Hospital for treatment.
One lane was closed while emergency services attend.
It was reopened at around 7.10pm.
Officers are appealing for witnesses to the incident.
Anyone who may have witnessed the collision, particularly anyone who was driving in that area and has dash-cam footage, should contact PC James Shepherd at Wymondham Roads Policing Team on 101.
If you value what this story gives you, please consider supporting the Thetford and Brandon Times. Click the link in the orange box below for details.


text:
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Court of Appeals of Utah
December 29, 2017
State of Utah, Appellee,v.Gary Jamieson, Appellant.
District Court, Logan Department The Honorable Brandon J.
Maynard No. 121101017
Adams, Attorney for Appellant
D. Reyes and Jeanne B. Inouye, Attorneys for Appellee
Michele M. Christiansen and David N. Mortensen concurred.
Gary Jamieson downloaded, without authorization, over 1, 400
of his boss's emails and disseminated them to outside
parties. He later pled guilty to "computer crimes"
as a class A misdemeanor. See Utah Code Ann. §
76-6-703(1) (LexisNexis Supp. 2017). The State sought
restitution on behalf of his employer (Company), the victim
of the crime. After holding a hearing, the district court
calculated complete restitution in the amount of $120,
378.27, a figure representing, in large part, the estimated
value of time spent by Company officials dealing with the
aftereffects of the email download.
Jamieson appeals from the restitution order, and asks us to
consider two arguments.[1] First, he argues that the district
court improperly included in its restitution figure at least
some amount for time spent by Company employees while
participating in the criminal case (e.g., attending
hearings). Jamieson did not raise this argument below, but
contends that the district court plainly erred by including
any such amounts in its calculation. Second, Jamieson asserts
that he received ineffective assistance of counsel because
his attorney failed to take issue with the Company CEO's
claim that he had devoted 553 hours to dealing with the email
We find Jamieson's arguments persuasive. Accordingly, we
vacate the restitution order and remand the case to the
district court for a new restitution hearing.
Jamieson was employed by Company as its chief engineer. In
May 2011, Jamieson contacted another Company employee and
requested access to the CEO's emails. At that time, the
CEO was out of the country and was not reachable by phone.
The employee gave Jamieson "remote access to [the
CEO's] computer, bypassing the firewall, other network
protections and password controls, " thereby allowing
Jamieson direct access to the CEO's computer. Jamieson
had full access to the CEO's computer for about twenty
minutes, and in that time period Jamieson printed out several
hard-copy files and downloaded many of the CEO's emails
onto a thumb drive. In this fashion, Jamieson obtained
"at least" 1, 400 emails comprising some 2, 000
printed pages. The emails were "very confidential"
and included information regarding employee compensation,
pending business deals, plans to hire a competitor's
employees, and communications with other industry
Later, Jamieson, believing that Company was involved in
illegal activity, told the CEO that "I have your
email[s], they're very damning, I'm going to take you
down." Jamieson disseminated the emails to a federal
government agency, federal law enforcement officials, and a
local news organization. Company eventually fired Jamieson.
The State charged Jamieson with one felony count of
"computer crimes." See Utah Code Ann.
§ 76-6-703(1).[2]Eventually, after plea negotiations,
Jamieson pled guilty to one count of "computer
crimes" as a class A misdemeanor.
After Jamieson pled guilty, the State sought a total of $164,
609.77 in restitution. The bulk of this request was comprised
of time spent by the Company's CEO. Indeed, the State
asserted that the CEO had spent "553 hours (at minimum)
. . . reviewing printed emails, meeting with local &
[federal] counsel, police investigators, & staff, "
and that the value of the CEO's time totaled $110, 600.
The State also sought $7, 500 representing time spent by
three other Company employees, including its vice-president.
The restitution hearing was scheduled and postponed several
times. It was finally held in September 2015[3] and, at the
hearing, the district court posed direct questions about the
553 hours that the CEO claimed to have spent, asking Company
counsel to "[h]elp me understand the 553 hours."
The Company's attorney proffered the testimony of the
Company's CEO and vice-president as follows:
[T]he time that they had spent would probably fall into one
of two pots. The time that was directly related to mitigating
the damages and time that they'd spent dealing with the
criminal process in general. Because we've been in court
three or four times for this restitution hearing to be
continued. So I asked them to allocate that . . . . What they
responded to me was-their initial reaction was about 75
percent of [their time] fell into the former pot and about 25
percent in the latter.
The CEO
also indicated to the court that he "wished he would
have kept better records related to the time he spent on
those [charges]."
The court invited Jamieson's attorney to ask questions of
the Company employees. Jamieson's attorney asked one
specific question-whether the vice-president was a salaried
employee- but otherwise declined to examine the Company
employees whose time was at issue. Specifically, counsel did
not take the opportunity to ask questions of the CEO about
his claim that he had devoted 553 hours to this case.
A few weeks after the restitution hearing, the district court
issued a written decision calculating "complete
restitution" at $120, 378.27, a figure that was
comprised almost entirely of Company employees' time. The
district court excluded attorney fees from the calculation,
but did not make any attempt to separate out and exclude the
Company employees' time spent attending to the criminal
proceedings. The district court credited the CEO with
spending 553 hours on the matter, and calculated the value of
the CEO's time at $110, 600, exactly as the State
requested. Likewise, the district court granted the
State's request, in its entirety, regarding the other
employees' time, valuing that time at $7, 500. After
taking Jamieson's financial circumstances into account,
the court ordered Jamieson to pay restitution in the amount
of $90, 000, acknowledging that "the complete
restitution in this case is larger than the [c]ourt-ordered
In addition to the restitution order, the district court
sentenced Jamieson to a term of 365 days in jail, with 335
days suspended. The court also imposed upon Jamieson a
probationary term of thirty-six months, with the payment ...
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LRC, Inc. About Us


text:
Jim Lentz, the COO of Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. Inc. will again take to Twitter and other social media outlets to address consumers' concerns about the safety of Toyota vehicles.
Lentz had also tapped Twitter and the other outlets during the height of Toyota's recall crisis earl in 2010. Lentz will hold a live Twitter chat with consumers during media days of the Detroit Auto Show to discuss quality, safety, and the new Prius family of vehicles.
The expanded message reflects the changing outlook for Toyota as it attempts to shake off a year of record recalls and regain the trust of American buyers, who were spooked by reports of unintended acceleration.
After "the most challenging time" in its 53-year history, U.S. operations chief Don Esmond said that Toyota is "in full recovery mode." The setback cost Toyota its No. 2 rank in U.S. sales in 2010 to Ford Motor Co.
Consumers Reports magazine reported that Toyota's sharp decline and Ford's rising popularity put the two automakers "in a statistical dead heat" in a rating of the most favorably viewed auto brand in the U.S. During the Detroit show, both carmakers will rely on social media to enhance their image.
Ford will invade the blogosphere during the auto show as it launches its 2012 C-Max, its small alternative to a standard minivan. Toyota will focus on the Prius in a bid to capitalize on its position as the maker of the world's dominant gasoline-electric hybrid.
It will unveil its entire family of Prius vehicles, including a 2012 wagon and a concept version of a Prius-based vehicle. A Prius plug-in hybrid vehicle and a third-generation Prius will also be displayed.


text:
LiveWire has a fantastic range of group fitness classes, with over 150 classes each week including; Zumba, Step, Indoor Cycle, Pilates, Yoga, Circuits, and much more.
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- Motivational Instructors to help you get the most out of your workouts
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Whatever your fitness goals, there are group fitness sessions to compliment your training regime so check out below to find a class to suit you.
If you would like some advice on how to get started, please speak to one of our team members who will be happy to help. Classes are open to both LiveWire members and non-members.


text:
Housing & Travel
The River Rock Casino Resort is our official hotel for this event and the exposition takes place within the hotel.
River Rock Casino Resort
8811 River Road
Richmond, British Columbia
Tel: (604) 247-8900 or
1 (866) 748-3718
$159 CDN or $199 CDN (plus taxes) per room per night
Remember to book early, but please do not book more than you require as the association is penalized for rooms blocked but not used. The deadline for reservations is May 19, 2020. In order to receive the preferred rate you must indicate that you are with "Security Canada".
Discount on airfare
Air Canada has been appointed the official airline. Visit aircanada.com or call 1 (800) 361-7585 or your travel agent to take advantage of a special convention rate. When booking your ticket please use the promotion code JCJ6ZTX1.


text:
The Virgin Queen
This was an old film with the old style quiet sound and lots of people as extras it was basically the story of Sir Walter Raleigh – i found the film a bit confusing to begin with but once I had sorted the characters out it was ok.
The premiss is that he is trying to get his ships for exploration of the New World but the Queen has the hots for him so keeps him at court and bans him from seeing any of the maids in waiting. Of course he falls in love and thinking he is to be killed – sleeps with and then 'marries' one of the maids. He is then however basically given his ship.
The maid is being sent to France but is pregnant, neither the Queen nor Sir Walter know this but a messenger passes on the gossip not knowing that he is speaking to the baby's father. Anyway they plan to run away on the ship together to the New World but they get caught – they are going to be executed and then the Queen changes her mind as she was made an orphan by such means. So they end up sailing off to the New World together after all.
This fits perfectly with the sort of thing the Punk would go ballistic about – men are always leaving her to go and have kids and she blames them and loves them still. Now all I have to do is find out if it is remotely true! I haven't yet come across any of this in the history books I've been reading :/
Posted: Saturday, February 27th, 2010 @ 2:17 pm
Categories: Uncategorized.
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text:
Bible Concordance: "exercise"
Word "exercise" found in 7 verse(s), 6 chapter(s) and 6 book(s).
What the Bible says about "exercise":
Psalms 131:1
Lord, my heart is not haughty, nor mine eyes lofty: neither do I exercise myself in great matters, or in things too high for me.
Jeremiah 9:24
But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth me, that I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness, judgment, and righteousness, in the earth: for in these things I delight, saith the LORD.
Matthew 20:25
But Jesus called them unto him, and said, Ye know that the princes of the Gentiles exercise dominion over them, and they that are great exercise authority upon them.
Mark 10:42
But Jesus called them to him, and saith unto them, Ye know that they which are accounted to rule over the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and their great ones exercise authority upon them.
Luke 22:25
And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors.
1st Timothy 4:7
But refuse profane and old wives' fables, and exercise thyself rather unto godliness.
1st Timothy 4:8
For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.
Proverbs 3:28
Say not unto thy neighbour, Go, and come again, and to morrow I will give; when thou hast it by thee.


text:
Kurokono Tasuke (黒子野 太助) is an Old Jouishishi and one of the comrades of Sakata Gintoki, Katsura Kotarou, Sakamoto Tatsuma and Takasugi Shinsuke during the Joui Wars.
Kurokono and the Joui 4 fought countless of battles in the Joui wars. However, he has never been seen in the history because of his faint presence. He was thought to be dead since he was 'blown up' inside an exploding building in a game of 'kick the can', but he was actually alive.
Apparently has an average height as Gintoki, has short black hair and regarding dress are dark colors and above its war clothes carrying a dark green coat, his suit is very similar to that of Katsura. He also resembles a lot to Tetsuya Kuroko, the character of the parodied manga series.
He seems to be fairly polite. As seen when he addressed Gintoki, Katsura and Sakamoto with the honorific -san. He has a faint presence. He could only help everyone in trivial ways from the background, seeing that he was always medicore and in the background. Despite that, he continues to protect his friends, saying that it is 'a shadows pride'.
Strength & AbilitesEdit
Currently, nothing is known about his strength. The fact that he was quite close to the Joui four implies that he might have had something better than the other soldiers. When he arrived to rescue Katsura and Sakamoto, Kurokono was able to single-handedly knock out the Kiheitai under Matako's command and hold a sword to her neck, taking them all by surprise and without them being able to retaliate.
|This section is a stub.
Please help to expand it, thank you.
Friends & AlliesEdit
Sakata Gintoki: They fought together during the late Jouishishi war, alongside Katsura, Sakamoto and Takasugi. Gintoki was the only one who saw him left the war, and at the very end, he was the only one who remembered him after the Joui reunion.
Katsura Kotarou: Katsura fought with him and the other Joui at the late Jouishishi war. Katsura had some memories about him, that had to do with basketball and Pocari.
Sakamoto Tatsuma: A comrade of his, alongside the other Joui. Sakamoto only recalled irrelevant memories about Tasuke.
Takasugi Shinsuke: Takechi Henpeita said that Takasugi and Kurokono were close friends when they were in the Joui wars.
Reunion arcEdit
Gintoki, Katsura and Sakamoto gets an invitation to hold a reunion party from an unknown person. At the reunion party, they try to remember their long forgotten comrade, by the name Kurokono Tasuke. The reunion party however, was all a plan set by the Kiheitai to dispose off the former Joui patriots. Kurokono appeared at the end to save the three of them. It was hinted that Gintoki and Kurokono had some kind of conversation before Kurokono left.
- His name is a parody of the manga series called 'Kuroko no Basuke' made by Tadatoshi Fujimaki.
- Kurokono's voice actor is Ono Kensho, the same voice actor who voices Kuroko Tetsuya, the main character of the parodied manga series.


text:
Thursday Confessions...
I confess:
~ that I always said that I'd never be 'that' mom that lets their kid leave the house with boogers in their nose. Yeah - you try getting boogers out of a 15 month old's nose. Let me know how that goes. A battle I did not fight this morning...so if you see my son's nose today - just ignore the boogies...I tried.
~ that I finally made myself an appointment for a haircut at a local swanky salon to use up a gift certificate that I got over 2 years ago. Yes, that's right - I'm a total gift card hoarder.
~ speaking of said hair appointment - I'm petrified. I haven't had a real hair style in like 6 years. I HATE getting my hair cut. And I'm sure it won't look like I want it to. So will I actually get a real hair cut? Or will I wuss out and just get a trim?!?!?!
~ that I love alone time. And NEED alone time. To fit this in, since I usually take Fridays off from the gym, I'll head to Target after the baby goes to bed and I just wander around. I'm not rushed. I'm not worried about anyone else. It's just me and my beloved aisles of Target. It's glorious <3
~ I require A LOT of sleep. I usually get about 7 hours a night and though that is probably a lot for most moms it's not enough for me. There's a lot I wish I could change about myself but this is definitely high on the list. I envy those people who can get by on little sleep.
~ I've been drinking warm water with lemon in it this week. I don't love it but I know it's so good for your body so I've been doing it anyways. Why can't donuts and pizza be good for the body?!?!
What do you confess?
Ain't no shame for the boogers in the nose. I did the same with my girls this morning. They will fight me when I wipe their noses a hundred times a day, so sometimes I skip it. Haha. I think you should get some sort of a hair cut, but don't go dramatic that way you will still look similar, but have a fresh look. I can't wait to see it.
Leave a Reply.
Hey ~ I'm Renée...just your ordinary, 30-something Accountant, new mommy, wife, runner, foodie, & Pinterest addict! Welcome to my newest adventure...stay awhile...look around...and keep comin' back!
January 2018


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Rolf Glass ~ Coastal Collection
Rolf glassware found a home in Hillyer House 5 years ago and has very quickly become a favorite of customers and staff! Whether you're from the coast or want a reminder of your visit, all of the pieces from the Coastal Collection are sure to be new favorites wherever they find a home.
All-Purpose Wine Tumbler: perfect for a chilled Pinot Grigio, a peach iced tea, or your favorite front porch drink. 4.5″ tall, 17oz available in: Compass Rose, Sailboat, Seahorse, and Starfish
Rolf Glass was founded in 1981 by Rolf Poeting after emigrating from Germany. The third generation in his family to sell glass-manufacturing equipment, Rolf decided to break the mold and create his own glass design company. Thus, Rolf Glass was born and has been creating unique glassware ever since.
Rolf headquartered his company in Mount Pleasant, a small town renowned for its glass industry. Each piece of Rolf Glass is engraved in the historic Mount Pleasant Glass Center, the former Lenox Crystal factory.
Every piece of Rolf Glass is part of a long, storied history of Western Pennsylvania glassmaking. The location of the manufacturing plant is a symbol of Rolf Glass's dedication to keeping the glass industry thriving in Western Pennsylvania and America.


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Loss of hepatic NF-κB activity enhances chemical hepatocarcinogenesis through sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 activation
Contributed by Michael Karin, May 10, 2006
A major link between inflammation and cancer is provided by NF-κB transcription factors. IkkβΔhep mice, which specifically lack IκB kinase β (IKKβ), an activator of NF-κB, in hepatocytes, are unable to activate NF-κB in response to proinflammatory stimuli, such as TNF-α. Surprisingly, IkkβΔhep mice are hypersusceptible to diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Because defective NF-κB activation promotes sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in cells exposed to TNF-α, whose expression is induced by DEN, and JNK activity is required for normal hepatocyte proliferation, we examined whether increased susceptibility to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in IkkβΔhep mice requires JNK activation. Hepatocytes express both JNK1 and JNK2, but previous studies indicate that JNK1 is more important for hepatocyte proliferation. We therefore investigated this hypothesis using mice homozygous for a JNK1 deficiency either in wild-type or IkkβΔhep backgrounds. In both cases, mice lacking JNK1 were much less susceptible to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. This impaired tumorigenesis correlated with decreased expression of cyclin D and vascular endothelial growth factor, diminished cell proliferation, and reduced tumor neovascularization. Whereas hepatocyte-specific deletion of IKKβ augmented DEN-induced hepatocyte death and cytokine-driven compensatory proliferation, disruption of JNK1 abrogated this response. In addition to underscoring the importance of JNK1-mediated hepatocyte death and compensatory proliferation, these results strongly suggest that the control of tissue renewal through the IKK and JNK pathways plays a key role in liver carcinogenesis.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide (1). Epidemiological studies suggest that the major risk factors for HCC are persistent infection with hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) and exposure to genotoxic and cytotoxic chemicals, including high levels of ethanol, all of which cause chronic liver injury and inflammation (2). Although relatively uncommon in the U.S., the incidence of HCC has been increasing rapidly in the past decade because of the current HCV epidemic, affecting nearly 2% of the U.S. population. In humans, HCC almost inevitably develops in the setting of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, conditions in which hepatocytes are killed and resident inflammatory cells (Kupffer cells), as well as newly recruited inflammatory cells (macrophages, neutrophils, NK and NKT cells), are activated to produce cytokines that drive the compensatory proliferation of surviving hepatocytes. Although the precise molecular role of chronic liver inflammation in the pathogenesis of HCC remains to be fully elucidated, it is likely to promote HCC development through cycles of hepatocyte death and compensatory proliferation (3). For instance, infection with woodchuck hepatitis virus, which eventually culminates in HCC, greatly enhances the proliferative activity of hepatocytes, most of which are quiescent in adult liver (4).
The pathogenesis of HCC has been studied extensively in mice, a species in which it can be induced by exposure to chemicals such as diethylnitrosamine (DEN), transgenic expression of protooncogenes and growth factors, or other genetic manipulations, including expression of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, which results in chronic liver inflammation (5–7). In an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms by which inflammation promotes cancer development, we (8) and others (9) have targeted transcription factor NF-κB, a major molecular coordinator of inflammatory responses (10, 11). In both colitis-associated cancer and in inflammation-promoted cholestatic carcinoma caused by inactivation of the Mdr2 P-glycoprotein transporter (12), inhibition of NF-κB activation markedly reduced tumorigenesis (8, 9). The mechanism proposed to explain these results was increased apoptotic death of NF-κB-deficient preneoplastic cells and decreased production of NF-κB-dependent growth factors and cytokines by inflammatory cells (11).
Surprisingly, however, a hepatocyte-specific knockout of IκB kinase β (IKKβ), the predominant catalytic subunit of the IKK complex that is required for activation of NF-κB by TNF-α and other proinflammatory stimuli (13), was found to enhance rather than attenuate the development of DEN-induced HCC (3). By contrast, inactivation of IKKβ in hematopoietic-derived cells, most likely in resident liver macrophages known as Kupffer cells, inhibited development of HCC in DEN-treated mice (3). As in other cells, NF-κB provides an important survival function in hepatocytes (13, 14). Thus its absence enhances hepatocyte killing by DEN, but because of the regenerative capacity of the liver, increased hepatocyte death results in a more extensive compensatory proliferative response (3). We therefore proposed that a deficiency in hepatocyte NF-κB enhances the formation of HCC in DEN-exposed IkkβΔhep mice by stimulating compensatory proliferation (3).
One of the mechanisms through which NF-κB provides its survival function in TNF-α-exposed cells is inhibition of prolonged JNK activation (15, 16). Indeed, TNF-α or DEN administration (which induces TNF-α production) to IkkβΔhep mice resulted in longer-lasting JNK activation relative to wild-type mice (3, 17). In addition to promoting the death of TNF-α-exposed NF-κB- (or IKKβ-) deficient cells (17), JNK activation is also required for hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy (18). Thus, prolonged JNK activation may be a critical contributor to the increased susceptibility of IkkβΔhep mice to DEN-induced HCC.
Here we present a critical evaluation of the role played by JNK1 in DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis. JNK1, one of the two major JNK isozymes expressed in hepatocytes (19), was previously shown to be the dominant JNK isoform in stimulation of cell proliferation and death (20, 21). We now show that mice that are homozygous for a JNK1 deficiency either in a wild-type or an IkkβΔhep background are much less susceptible to DEN-induced HCC development. Furthermore, JNK1-deficient tumors from either wild-type or IkkβΔhep mice exhibit lower proliferative rates and a substantial decrease in expression of cyclin D polypeptides.
Loss of JNK1 Attenuates Liver Cancer Development.
A single injection of DEN to 2-week-old male mice results in efficient HCC induction (22). Previously, we found that DEN administration rapidly stimulates IKK and JNK signaling (3). A specific deletion of IKKβ in hepatocytes (IkkβΔhep mice) potentiated DEN-induced JNK activation and hepatocarcinogenesis. We suspected that increased JNK activity may contribute to the elevated susceptibility of IkkβΔhep mice to DEN-mediated carcinogenesis. Of the two JNK loci expressed in the liver, Jnk1 and Jnk2, Jnk1-encoded isoforms are mainly responsible for cell proliferation (20) and cell death (21). To determine the role of JNK1 in DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, wild-type and Jnk1 −/− male mice, both of the C57BL/6 background, were injected with DEN (5 or 25 mg/kg) on postnatal day 15. All mice given DEN developed typical HCCs within 10 months, but the number of detectable HCCs was reduced by ≈5-fold by the JNK1 deficiency, and so were maximal tumor diameters (Fig. 1 A and B). Notably, many HCCs in wild-type mice, but none in Jnk1 −/− mice, were large with obvious signs of neovascularization (Fig. 1 A). A low dose (5 mg/kg) of DEN also resulted in a substantially reduced HCC load in Jnk1 −/− mice compared with wild-type counterparts (Fig. 1 C). Thus, JNK1 is required for efficient HCC induction in response to DEN administration.
JNK1-Deficient Tumors Exhibit Decreased Cell Proliferation and Neovascularization.
To investigate the mechanisms by which disruption of JNK1 attenuated hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined the extent of cell proliferation in HCCs isolated 8 months after DEN administration. All wild-type mice given a low dose of DEN developed HCCs (Fig. 2 A). Immunohistochemistry revealed many proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells at the border of tumors and around blood vessels (Fig. 2 A). Cells positive for phosphorylated c-Jun and ATF2, both of which are JNK1 targets (19), were also found around blood vessels (Fig. 2 A). JNK1-deficient HCCs contained fewer PCNA-positive cells than wild-type HCCs, but there were no significant differences in the numbers of apoptotic cells or cells positive for phospho-ATF2 (Fig. 2 B). Although the JNK1-deficient tumors contained fewer cells positive for phosphorylated c-Jun than wild-type tumors, the differences were of borderline significance. We also examined expression of known cell-cycle regulators and tumor suppressors in tumor and nontumor liver tissue. Levels of cyclin D, c-Jun, and CDK1 were substantially higher in HCCs compared with nontumor tissues (Fig. 2 C). Both cyclin D and VEGF were considerably reduced in Jnk1 −/− tumors relative to wild-type tumors (Fig. 2 C). A more modest reduction was seen at the level of c-Jun expression. Previously, a complete c-Jun deficiency in hepatocytes was found to fully prevent the development of HCC in DEN-injected mice (23). In addition, the JNK1 deficiency attenuated expression of cyclin D1 and, to a lesser extent, VEGF mRNAs (Fig. 2 D and data not shown).
As shown in Fig. 2 E, cancer cells represent the major source of VEGF in these tumors, and JNK1 disruption showed a marked reduction of intratumoral microvascular density by ≈60% based on immunostaining for CD31, a marker for endothelial cells (Fig. 2 F). No differences in p53 levels were detected between tumors and normal liver tissues of the two genotypes (Fig. 2 C), and c-Myc expression levels were not affected either (data not shown). Thus, JNK1 mostly affects cell proliferation and neovascularization within developed tumors, possibly through a partial reduction in c-Jun expression, which may influence the regulation of cyclin D and/or VEGF expression. As discussed below, the effect on VEGF may be indirect and could simply be a reflection of the different growth rates of JNK1-positive and -negative tumors.
Loss of JNK1 Attenuates DEN-Induced Death and Compensatory Proliferation.
The substantial decrease in tumor multiplicity in Jnk1 −/− mice suggests that JNK1 may act not only during tumor progression but also during initiation or early tumor promotion. To reveal the basis for the decreased susceptibility of Jnk1 −/− mice to chemical carcinogenesis, we examined the immediate (acute) effects of DEN on signal transduction, cell behavior, and liver integrity in precancerous tissue. Measurements of circulating liver enzymes and TUNEL assays revealed a modest decrease in hepatocyte death in livers of DEN-treated Jnk1 −/− mice relative to similarly treated wild-type counterparts (Fig. 3 A). Histological analysis confirmed the presence of fewer necrotic cells after DEN administration in Jnk1 −/− livers than in wild-type counterparts (Fig. 3 A). Prolonged and robust JNK activation promotes cell death (16, 24). DEN administration activated JNK in livers of both wild-type and Jnk1 −/− mice, and loss of JNK1 diminished the magnitude and duration of JNK activation (Fig. 3 B). Activator protein 1 (AP-1) DNA-binding activity was also induced by DEN, and overall it was lower, especially at the 4-h time point, in Jnk1 −/− mice than in wild-type counterparts (Fig. 3 C). These data suggest that JNK1 contributes to acute DEN-induced hepatocyte death as well as to compensatory proliferation. The involvement of JNK1 in the acute cell death induced by DEN stands in contrast to the unaltered rate of apoptosis seen in JNK1-deficient tumors.
It should be noted, however, that only a small fraction of all hepatocytes undergoes cell death in response to a carcinogenic dose of DEN, but because of the high regenerative capacity of the liver, this amount of cell death should be sufficient to trigger compensatory proliferation of surviving cells. Indeed, BrdU labeling showed the presence of proliferating hepatocytes in DEN-exposed mice (Fig. 3 A). Proliferating cells are most common around clusters of apoptotic cells in centrilobular lesions, confirming that DEN-induced cell loss triggers compensatory hepatocyte proliferation (3). This proliferative response was modestly, but significantly, reduced in Jnk1 −/− mice (Fig. 3 A).
Hepatic mitogens such as TNF-α and IL-6 that are produced by Kupffer cells, and HGF, which is produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSC), are required for compensatory hepatocyte proliferation in various experimental models (25). The JNK1 deficiency attenuated expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and HGF mRNAs at the 24-h time point, most likely by decreasing the extent of liver injury (Fig. 3 D). The proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 is involved in tumor progression, possibly through induction of VEGF, which in turn stimulates neoangiogenesis (26). IL-1β can also induce TNF-α and IL-6 (27), as well as cause NF-κB-dependent induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (28). IL-1β also induces expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine that plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor growth (29). The mRNA levels of IL-1β were markedly lower 4 h after DEN administration in Jnk1 −/− relative to wild-type mice, but not at 24 h (Fig. 3 D). The absence of JNK1 had no significant effect on COX2 or MCP-1 mRNA expression (Fig. 3 D and data not shown).
Growth factor production by macrophages and Kupffer cells is thought to involve an inflammatory signal transduction cascade triggered by substances released by necrotic cells (11). To examine the role of JNK1 in monocytes in this inflammatory response, we challenged wild-type and Jnk1 −/− bone marrow cells with dead hepatocytes. Necrotic hepatocytes triggered production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, but the JNK1 deficiency had only a marginal effect on cytokine production in this system (Fig. 6, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site).
Loss of JNK1 Attenuates Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis in the Liver.
In previous work, we found that the main proapoptotic function of prolonged JNK1 activation in the context of TNF-receptor 1 signaling is activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch, which targets the NF-κB-inducible antiapoptotic protein c-FLIPL to proteasomal degradation (17). In wild-type mice, injection of DEN led to almost complete disappearance of c-FLIPL by 4 h, but c-FLIPL expression had recovered by 24 h (Fig. 4 A). Loss of JNK1 largely prevented the transient decrease in c-FLIPL levels, and this was accompanied by inhibition of caspase 3 cleavage (Fig. 4 A). JNK1 was activated at 4 h after DEN, but not at 24 h (Fig. 3 B). Thus, DEN-induced c-FLIPL degradation also depends on JNK1 activation. DEN injection also led to induction of p53, and this response was partially attenuated in Jnk1 −/− mice (Fig. 4 A). Puma and Noxa are important apoptotic mediators induced by p53 (30). The mRNA levels of Puma and Noxa were significantly lower in DEN-injected Jnk1 −/− mice than in similarly treated wild-type counterparts (Fig. 4 B). These results suggest that, in addition to c-FLIPL degradation, JNK1 contributes to DEN-induced apoptosis by promoting the activation of p53. The mechanism of p53 modulation by JNK1 remains to be elucidated.
Ablation of JNK1 Reverses the Increased Susceptibility to Hepatocarcinogenesis Caused by Hepatocyte-Specific Deletion of IKKβ.
NF-κB activation attenuates prolonged JNK activation in response to TNF-receptor 1 engagement and, when NF-κB activation is inhibited, JNK activation makes an important contribution to TNF-α-induced cell death (13, 16, 17, 31, 32). To assess the role of sustained JNK activation in the elevated susceptibility of IkkβΔhep mice to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, IkkβΔhep and Jnk1 −/− mice were intercrossed to generate IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− mice. When treated with DEN (5 mg/kg) at 15 days of age, IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− mice developed 3-fold fewer tumors than IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 +/+ (IkkβΔhep) mice at 8 months of age, and a similar decrease was found in maximal tumor diameters (Fig. 5 A). To understand how loss of JNK1 affects tumor growth, the expression of cell-cycle regulators and tumor suppressors in tumor and nontumor samples was analyzed. As seen before, PCNA, cyclin D, CDK1, CDK2, and VEGF were elevated in HCCs compared with nontumor tissues (Fig. 5 B). PCNA, cyclin D, and VEGF levels were substantially lower in IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− tumors than in IkkβΔhep tumors (Fig. 5 B).
As was done with single mutant mice, we examined the early effects of DEN on signal transduction and cell behavior in IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− and IkkβΔhep livers. Appearance of circulating liver enzymes and TUNEL assays indicated less hepatocyte death in DEN-treated IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− mice relative to similarly treated IkkβΔhep mice (Fig. 5 C). In fact, the extent of DEN-induced hepatocyte death in IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− mice was not significantly different from what was seen in IKKβ-containing IkkβF/F mice. Histological analysis also revealed fewer necrotic cells after DEN administration in IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− and IkkβF/F mice than in IkkβΔhep mice (data not shown). In addition, BrdU labeling showed lower numbers of proliferating hepatocytes in IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− and IkkβF/F mice than in IkkβΔhep mice after DEN exposure (Fig. 5 C). JNK1 deficiency does not affect NF-κB activity in DEN-treated livers (data not shown). Thus, the ablation of JNK1 reversed all of the effects of IKKβ deletion on acute DEN-induced hepatocyte death and compensatory proliferation, as the IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− double mutants responded to DEN-exposure just like the IkkβF/F controls. Taken together, the inability to properly terminate JNK1 activation caused by the absence of hepatocyte IKKβ and NF-κB seems to be the major contributor to the increased susceptibility of IkkβΔhep mice to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
In previous studies of the role played by transcription factor NF-κB in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis, we made the surprising observation that IkkβΔhep mice, which specifically lack the IKKβ catalytic subunit of the IKK complex in hepatocytes and therefore are defective in NF-κB activation in these cells (13), are hypersusceptible to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis (3). In this study, we examined the molecular underpinnings of the mechanism that account for the elevated susceptibility of IkkβΔhep mice to chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. We focused our attention on JNK1, because previous investigations have revealed that in the absence of NF-κB (or IKKβ), both TNF-α and DEN, which induces TNF-α release from Kupffer and endothelial cells (Fig. 7, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site), cause sustained rather than transient JNK activation in hepatocytes (3, 13, 16, 17). Furthermore, of the two JNK loci expressed in hepatocytes, it is the Jnk1 locus that is the main source of proapoptotic JNK isoforms responsible for TNF-α-induced death of NF-κB-deficient cells (17, 21). We therefore generated IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/− compound mutants and compared their susceptibility to DEN-induced hepatocyte death, compensatory proliferation, and hepatocarcinogenesis to that of IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 +/+ and the IKKβ-expressing IkkβF/F parental strain, from which the IkkβΔhep mutant is derived. Consistent with our expectation, the genetic loss of JNK1 isoforms completely reversed the effect of IKKβ deletion in hepatocytes on DEN-induced hepatocyte death, compensatory proliferation, and hepatocarcinogenesis. Thus, the prolonged activation of JNK1 is a principal mechanism by which the absence of hepatocyte IKKβ results in increased susceptibility to chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
The JNK subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases is activated primarily by cytokines and exposure to environmental stress (33). An important target for the JNK signaling pathway is the AP-1 transcription factor composed of Jun, Fos, and related bZIP subunits (19). JNK-mediated phosphorylation increases the transcriptional activity of c-Jun and other AP-1 proteins (19). Importantly, DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis was shown to require c-Jun (23), which is also needed for fibroblast and hepatocyte proliferation (18, 19). Surprisingly, however, JNK-mediated N-terminal phosphorylation of c-Jun, which is needed for Ras-induced fibroblast transformation (34), is not required for DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis (23). Yet, disruption of JNK1 decreased chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis and DEN-induced AP-1 activity and led to a modest decrease in c-Jun protein levels. At this point, it is not clear whether the small decrease in c-Jun expression levels or AP-1 activity fully accounts for the reduction in DEN-induced tumorigenesis caused by the absence of JNK1. Nevertheless, the absence of JNK1 resulted in decreased expression of cyclin D proteins, which are important for hepatocyte (35) and hepatoma (36) cell proliferation. These effects are consistent with previous findings showing that cyclin D1 and D2 are AP-1 target genes (19, 37) and suggest that the reduction in AP-1 activity and c-Jun expression may be of importance after all. After DEN administration, JNK activity is rapidly increased (3), and our results now show that the JNK1 isoforms are the ones responsible for much of the ensuing increase in cyclin D expression and hepatocyte proliferation. Correspondingly, Jnk1 −/− mice are much less susceptible to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, and the ablation of JNK1 reverses all of the excess hepatocyte death, compensatory proliferation, and HCC load seen in IkkβΔhep mice.
The carcinogen used in this study, DEN, is metabolized into an alkylating agent that induces DNA damage and mutations (38) as well as hepatocyte death (39). However, mutations alone are probably insufficient for hepatocarcinogenesis. In adult mice, because of its reduced toxicity, DEN is a weak carcinogen that requires assistance that can be provided by a plethora of tumor promoters that somehow induce hepatocyte proliferation (22). Many of these tumor promoters, such as CCl4, enhance hepatocyte proliferation through indirect mechanisms, and their primary effect is cytotoxicity that eventually triggers compensatory proliferation. Compensatory proliferation is critical for tumor promotion, causing initiated hepatocytes to enter the cell cycle and transmit oncogenic mutations to their progeny (5). In addition to cell death, DEN-induced hepatocyte proliferation depends on the production of hepatic mitogens, including TNF-α, IL-6, and HGF (3). Kupffer cells produce TNF-α and IL-6, and endothelial cells produce TNF-α, whereas HGF is mainly produced by HSC, which are related to myofibroblasts (40). The role of these mitogens in hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy is well established (41, 42), and HGF is required for DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis (43). Disruption of JNK1 modestly reduces the expression of intrahepatic TNF-α and IL-6 mRNAs but has a more dramatic effect on the expression of intrahepatic HGF mRNA. Thus JNK1 also contributes to liver cell proliferation by enhancing growth factor production. Nonetheless, because sustained activation of JNK1 caused by the absence of NF-κB is intrinsic to the hepatocyte and does not apply to other cell types in which IKKβ is still expressed, the primary site of JNK1 action in the present case appears to be the hepatocyte.
During hepatocarcinogenesis, the proliferative advantage of genetically altered hepatocytes is associated with enhanced apoptosis (44, 45), and both apoptotic and necrotic cell death may trigger compensatory hepatocyte proliferation. Disruption of JNK1 inhibited caspase-dependent apoptosis in the liver as well as frank necrosis (refs. 13 and 16 and this study). Thus the mitogenic and procarcinogenic function of JNK1 is at least partially linked to its diametrically opposed roles in induction of hepatocyte death and proliferation. In this context, an important target for JNK1 is the ubiquitin ligase Itch (46), which, upon JNK1-mediated activation (47), ubiquitinates the NF-κB-dependent antiapoptotic protein c-FLIPL and targets it to proteasomal degradation (17). Here, we show that JNK1 is also required for DEN-induced c-FLIPL degradation and subsequent apoptosis. The tumor suppressor p53 is another potential target for proapoptotic signaling by JNK1, which may regulate p53 activity and expression. Loss of JNK1 reduced the expression of p53 mRNA and protein, and its downstream effectors, Puma and Noxa, in DEN-treated livers (Fig. 4 and Fig. 8, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site). In contrast, loss of Itch reduced the expression of Noxa but not Puma mRNAs (Fig. 9, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site) and remarkably inhibited DEN-induced liver injury (Fig. 10, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site). Although the potential role of p53 as a target for JNK1 remains to be elucidated, Itch might be involved in JNK1-mediated hepatocyte death via Noxa induction as well as c-FLIPL degradation. Thus, the role of Itch in hepatocarcinogenesis merits further investigation.
It is well established that apoptotic cell death is antiinflammatory, whereas necrotic cell death provides a proinflammatory impetus (48). Yet, excessive apoptosis can lead to secondary necrosis, and JNK1 ablation reduces both apoptosis and necrosis (refs. 16 and 17 and this study). Necrosis-elicited inflammatory signal transduction can activate macrophage-like Kupffer cells to produce hepatic mitogens. Thus the effect of JNK1 on expression of mitogens in the liver could be indirect and may simply be due to the lower level of necrotic injury in Jnk1 −/− mice. Correspondingly, JNK1-deficient and wild-type macrophages produced similar levels of hepatic mitogens when incubated with the same amount of necrotic hepatocytes prepared by freeze thawing. The same applies for the expression of cyclin D polypeptides, which may be affected by JNK1 both directly through AP-1-binding sites in the cyclin D1 (19) and D2 (37) promoters and indirectly through induction of compensatory proliferation.
Although reduced hepatocyte injury and compensatory proliferation were seen up to several days after DEN exposure in Jnk1 −/− mice, deletion of the Jnk1 locus also decreased tumor growth 10 months later. Although the cell type and mechanism(s) underlying this effect remain to be identified, we suggest that disruption of JNK1 might attenuate the necrotic death of stressed hepatoma cells encountering hypoxia and lack of nutrients and thereby may suppress activation of adjacent inflammatory cells that secrete cytokines that promote tumor growth. In addition, the absence of JNK1 may result in lower AP-1 transcriptional activity and hence lower levels of cyclin D proteins within cancer cells.
Inflammatory angiogenesis is an important contributor to the tumor growth response (49). We found that disruption of JNK1 decreased expression of VEGF, a potent proangiogenic substance responsible for tumor neovascularization. The VEGF promoter contains four potential AP-1-binding sites (50). Thus, JNK1 may regulate VEGF transcription through AP-1, but it is also possible that the effect is exerted at the level of mRNA turnover (51). Furthermore, the effect of JNK1 could be quite indirect and exerted through factors such as IL-1β and oxygen tension (26, 52). The mRNA level of IL-1β was markedly reduced at 4 h after DEN treatment in Jnk1 −/− mice, but at 24 h posttreatment, no difference between Jnk1 −/− mice and wild-type controls was detected. Less hypoxic areas were found in Jnk1 −/− tumors than in control tumors (data not shown), but this may simply be a reflection of the smaller average size of JNK1-deficient HCCs, indicating a slower growth rate. Notably, the faster a tumor grows, the more likely it is to undergo hypoxic stress and express high levels of VEGF. It is therefore not surprising that VEGF levels show direct correlation with tumor size. Thus the exact cellular and molecular mechanism through which JNK1 promotes tumor growth, progression, and angiogenesis requires further investigation. Despite the uncertainties in its molecular mode of action, our results strongly suggest that JNK1 is an important target for the development of chemopreventive and therapeutic measures for reducing the emergence of HCC in the context of chronic liver injury and slowing the progression of preexisting tumors.
Materials and Methods
Jnk1 −/−, IkkβF/F, IkkβF/F :Alb-Cre (referred to as IkkβΔhep), and Itch −/− mice were described (3, 17) and were maintained in filter-topped cages on autoclaved food and water at the University of California at San Diego according to National Institutes of Health guidelines.
Tumor Induction and Analysis.
Fifteen-day-old mice and littermates on either a C57BL/6 (Jnk1 +/+ and Jnk1 −/−) or a mixed C57BL/6/129 background (IkkβΔhep, IkkβF/F, and IkkβΔhep/Jnk1 −/−) were intercrossed at least six times and injected i.p. with 5 or 25 mg/kg DEN (Sigma), as indicated. After 8 or 10 months on normal chow, mice were killed, and their livers were removed, separated into individual lobes, and analyzed for the presence of HCCs, histology, and histochemical parameters, as described (3).
Biochemical and Immunohistochemical Analyses.
JNK assays, electrophoretic mobility-shift assays, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry have been described (3, 53, 54). Antibodies used were: anti-phospho-c-Jun, anti-phospho-ATF2 (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA); anti-c-Myc, anti-p53, anti-CDK1, anti-CDK2, anti-c-Jun, anti-VEGF, anti-JunB, anti-JunD (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); anti-PCNA, anti-JNK1, anti-JNK1/2, anti-TNF-α (PharMingen); anti-cFLIP (Stressgen Biotechnologies, San Diego); anti-F4/80 (Caltag, Burlingame, CA); and anti-cyclin D (Upstate Biotechnology, Charlottesville, VA). Analysis of mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR was described (3).
To measure cytokine production in vitro, bone marrow was recovered from femurs and dispensed in culture dishes as described (55). C57BL/6 hepatocytes were purified as described (13). Necrotic hepatocytes (lysed by three cycles of freezing and thawing, 5 × 105 cells per ml) were added onto 6-cm dishes with bone marrow-derived macrophages (1 ml per dish) and incubated at 37°C for 4 h.
Immunohistochemistry was performed by using the ABC staining kit (Vector Laboratories) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. To determine intratumoral microvascular density, cryopreserved tumor sections were immunostained with anti-CD31 antibody (PharMingen) and incubated with a biotinylated anti-rat IgG antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and streptavidine peroxidase. Enzymatic activity was developed by using diaminobenzidine (Vector Laboratories) as a substrate, and sections were counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin. Intratumoral CD31-positive cells, indicative of endothelial cells, were counted for quantification when showing a brownish cytoplasmatic staining. The hypoxyprobe kit (Chemicon) was used for detection of tissue hypoxia.
Statistical Analysis.
Data were expressed as means ± SE. Differences were analyzed by Student's t test. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.
We thank Randall Johnson and Hyam L. Leffert for extensive discussions, advice, and critical reading of the manuscript. T.S. was supported by a fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and YASUDA Medical Research Foundation. S.M. was supported by the Naito Foundation. Research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (ES04151, ES06376, and AI043477) and the Superfund Basic Research Program (National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Environmental Health Sciences ES010337). M.K. is an American Cancer Society Research Professor.
- ¶To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: karinoffice{at}ucsd.edu
Author contributions: M.K. designed research; T.S., S.M., and L.C. performed research; T.S. and M.K. analyzed data; and T.S. and M.K. wrote the paper.
Conflict of interest statement: No conflicts declared.
This contribution is part of the special series of Inaugural Articles by members of the National Academy of Sciences elected on May 3, 2005.
- Abbreviations:
- IKKβ,
- IκB kinase β;
- diethylnitrosamine;
- c-Jun N-terminal kinase;
- hepatocellular carcinoma;
- hepatocyte growth factor;
- proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
- © 2006 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post5487783270411054623..comments2020-07-07T08:23:36.771-05:00Comments on Sweet Tea and Cornbread: Cheesy Chicken Spaghetti!Kathyhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-46108462586011562562015-12-14T16:35:01.277-06:002015-12-14T16:35:01.277-06:00It's there, right under garlic salt.It's there, right under garlic salt. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-17816738548700430552015-06-03T15:53:55.070-05:002015-06-03T15:53:55.070-05:00How do I print this recipe?? firstname.lastname@example.com...How do I print this recipe?? email@example.com@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-24724126709505620262013-11-14T23:29:40.574-06:002013-11-14T23:29:40.574-06:00The Tony Chachere's Creole seasoning is fine. ...The Tony Chachere's Creole seasoning is fine. They have the Lawry's chicken and poultry rub at Sam's Club if you have one of those where you are and you can order it online. It has become harder to find for some reason. You could just use some Lawry's seasoning salt and maybe a little poultry seasoning instead.Kathyhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-15500559463612763542013-11-14T15:43:50.056-06:002013-11-14T15:43:50.056-06:00I can't find Lawry's chicken and poultry r...I can't find Lawry's chicken and poultry rub anywhere. I went to 3 stores. Would regular Lawry's work? And the only Tony Chachere's Spices and Herbs I found had Creole in the title...is that the same thing? Whenever I make a recipe the very first time I try to follow it exactly before making any changes and I am having a hard time finding everything you listed....then I don't see where you used the Tony Chachere's Spices and Herbs in the recipe..... Kamihttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-52887028276222205602013-11-14T15:43:39.201-06:002013-11-14T15:43:39.201-06:00I can't find Lawry's chicken and poultry r...I can't find Lawry's chicken and poultry rub anywhere. I went to 3 stores. Would regular Lawry's work? And the only Tony Chachere's Spices and Herbs I found had Creole in the title...is that the same thing? Whenever I make a recipe the very first time I try to follow it exactly before making any changes and I am having a hard time finding everything you listed....then I don't see where you used the Tony Chachere's Spices and Herbs in the recipe..... Kamihttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-56049573318310663202013-09-30T14:11:42.098-05:002013-09-30T14:11:42.098-05:00I always add a can of Ro-tel tomatoes to mine for ...I always add a can of Ro-tel tomatoes to mine for an extra kick. firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-21972488487598186082013-06-05T18:22:10.762-05:002013-06-05T18:22:10.762-05:00I love this, I have made a few of your recipes and...I love this, I have made a few of your recipes and they were great. I love they way you take time out to answer questions that anyone has. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-59899758739355243052013-06-05T16:38:08.444-05:002013-06-05T16:38:08.444-05:00This sounds very interesting... I'm going to t...This sounds very interesting... I'm going to try it, but with one major difference. I can't stand Velveeta cheese, so I'll substitute some Colby Jack or another mild yellow cheese. Maybe even throw some Mozzarella in with it... Thanks for the step by step recipe and the pics. flowerchildgrannyhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-29554427259998466362013-04-01T17:59:42.994-05:002013-04-01T17:59:42.994-05:00Was pretty good... I'd use a little more chick...Was pretty good... I'd use a little more chicken and a little more spaghetti to fill the two trays. Sauce was right amount.
My question is, if you've frozen the second tray, how long with you cook it unthawed -- or do you have to thaw it?
email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-63493580129668624962013-03-15T18:17:40.764-05:002013-03-15T18:17:40.764-05:00Made this for tonight...its wonderful. Thanks so m...Made this for tonight...its wonderful. Thanks so much for all the firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-71958095705238409982013-03-10T13:19:33.597-05:002013-03-10T13:19:33.597-05:00Making this right now and smells heavenly! With 5...Making this right now and smells heavenly! With 5 adults plus a baby to feed this is a firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-49065602936937805092013-03-06T18:36:45.888-06:002013-03-06T18:36:45.888-06:00LOVE THIS RECIPE-YUMMY!!!LOVE THIS firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-78381384634623102172013-03-06T17:27:03.158-06:002013-03-06T17:27:03.158-06:00I use that same recipe for church suppers and PTA/...I use that same recipe for church suppers and PTA/ Faculty luncheons and family gatherings. It makes a ton. I serve with garden.salad and cheesy olive email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-76711585398272856462013-03-06T17:16:35.680-06:002013-03-06T17:16:35.680-06:00Unfortunately, the Healthy Choice soups aren't...Unfortunately, the Healthy Choice soups aren't very low in sodium. They do have reduced sodium cream soups, but they're still at high levels. My husband has to follow a low-sodium diet, so I usually REALLY watch our levels for a few days and then cook something like this on a weekend. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-61969918735564184402013-03-06T16:30:14.622-06:002013-03-06T16:30:14.622-06:00I've tried several chicken spaghetti recipes a...I've tried several chicken spaghetti recipes and not found a winner -- yours sounds delicious, so I'll give it a try. firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-72993885144497450692013-02-14T23:13:46.141-06:002013-02-14T23:13:46.141-06:00There is a 'print friendly' button right a...There is a 'print friendly' button right above each post. It's little green button. If you click on that, it changes the post to a PDF document and you can also click on "remove images" at the top of it to take the pictures out to save your ink. This makes it very easy to print the recipes and not have to so much paper. Kathyhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-6581853911548505102013-02-14T14:42:18.415-06:002013-02-14T14:42:18.415-06:00The recipe sounds delish !! My suggested comment ...The recipe sounds delish !! My suggested comment would be a question: Why don't you make it possible for us to print your recipes? I haven't found the print option if there is one. Thank email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-51461352746153139422013-02-02T18:06:33.593-06:002013-02-02T18:06:33.593-06:00I just found your blog a few days ago and so far h...I just found your blog a few days ago and so far have read it ALL. I had this chicken casserole after a funeral in November and was trying so hard to remember the taste so I could duplicate it . YOU have it. Thanks so much for sharing your recipes. I have recommended your blog to several friends that enjoy my cooking as you and I have very similar methods. Being from and in Kentucky makes southern cooking a must. XOXOX
stellastellahttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-45978520437397546592012-12-24T02:30:53.483-06:002012-12-24T02:30:53.483-06:00I am so glad you are enjoying the posts. I hope t...I am so glad you are enjoying the posts. I hope they are clear enough for even beginning cooks and have had so much positive feedback from younger people who are just starting out and trying to learn. I love to see that people are cooking at home for their families. Kathyhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-43741208289301140822012-12-23T20:50:39.921-06:002012-12-23T20:50:39.921-06:00I absolutely love your posts! It is so helpful to...I absolutely love your posts! It is so helpful to see step by step instructions on how to do things because I rarely get a chance to cook. I have found so many wonderful recipes on your page. Thank you for your wonderful gift of cooking.
email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-66727791891290472162012-12-08T22:10:32.016-06:002012-12-08T22:10:32.016-06:00If you are on a low sodium diet, you could use the...If you are on a low sodium diet, you could use the Healthy Choice soups or light versions and cut some of the seasoning down in it. It will still be very good. It's not a dish for those who are dieting though.Kathyhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-14722044114063578952012-12-08T21:01:10.665-06:002012-12-08T21:01:10.665-06:00This sounds delicious but, Lord have mercy, think ...This sounds delicious but, Lord have mercy, think of the sodium content!! Wow! Unfortunately some of us are on very low sodium diets, Dr.'s orders! Love your blog and I do plan to try some of your recipes for church dinners and guests! Keep them coming! :)email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-73266236582875387482012-12-08T18:11:20.883-06:002012-12-08T18:11:20.883-06:00I have a recipe similar to this called Rotel Chick...I have a recipe similar to this called Rotel Chicken. Simple and feeds a small army.
Boil a chicken or chosen chicken pieces
Remove the chicken from the water (save the broth)
Debone the chicken and put aside
Boil approx a pound of pasta in the broth
In the meantime, saute onions, peppers and mushrooms in some olive oil. After veggies are sauted add a lb +/- (eyeball it) of velvetta cheese.
Place the pasta in a 9 x 13 dish, put the chicken over the pasta and pour the sauce over the chicken and bake until the sauce bubbles, sprinkle some cheese over this and let it brown just a little.
firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-90170601682273403022012-12-08T18:08:16.330-06:002012-12-08T18:08:16.330-06:00I made this a few weeks ago and it was a hit. I bo...I made this a few weeks ago and it was a hit. I bought a rotisserie chicken from the deli and it was great plus it saved a few steps. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-4001048742448308736.post-47128901134401256752012-11-07T06:29:12.380-06:002012-11-07T06:29:12.380-06:00I made it tonight, YUM! Live alone so made a sma...I made it tonight, YUM! Live alone so made a small one and two to freeze. I am taking it to school and share when we have a party next time. Thanks. email@example.com


text:
two volumes, octavo, 168 and 142 pages, plus blanks, bound in original marbled board and ¼ cloth blank books, volumes worn and shaken, boards rubbed, text inscribed in pencil, occasional sketches and drawings, some smudging but quite readable.
Lecture notes for some of the University's great professors, several of whom were consulting physicians at Johns Hopkins.
Cordell, Eugene Fauntleroy, The Medical Annals of Maryland, 1799-1899 (Baltimore: 1903) pp., 502; 503; 505-06; 596
Dictionary of American Biography, vol. 9, section 2, page 535