Abstract Background Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is a core outcome element of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); however, the definition or criterion of ROSC is disputed and varies in resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods This was a retrospective study of 126 patients with OHCA who achieved ROSC between January and December 2020. The probability of survival after OHCA related to CPR and ROSC duration was analyzed using the probability density function and empirical cumulative density functions. Results There were no significant differences between ROSC sustained until emergency department arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes in terms of the 24-hour survival rate (31.3% [31/99] vs. 35.7% [10/30]; P = 0.84), 30-day survival rate (23.2% [23/99] vs. 25.0% [7/30]; P = 0.99), or survival at 30 days with cerebral performance category (CPC) 1 and 2 (18.2% [18/99] vs. 10.7% [3/30]; P = 0.44). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test values from the empirical cumulative density functions with ROSC sustained until hospital arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes were 0.44, 0.20, and 0.24 for CPC 1 or 2, CPC 3 or 4, and CPC 5, respectively. Conclusion Return of spontaneous circulation is a core outcome element of CPR. It should be defined as sustained for at least 20 minutes or until arrival at the emergency department and as a basic standard for evaluating resuscitation success after OHCA.


Objective To evaluate the clinical value of Alvarado score and ultrasonagraphy in differentiating the acute appendicitis(AA) and acute mesenteric lymphadenitis(AML).Methods A total of 202 children who visited our hospital with a complaint of acute abdominal pain between January 2011 and August 2012 were included in the study.All of them were measured using Alvarado score and high frequency ultrasonography at the first visit.The gold standard of diagnosing AA is pathological examination results,while the diagnosis of AML was made according to medical history,clinical laboratory examination results,ultrasonic examination results,and follow-up results.The clinical indicators of AA and AML were compared.Alvarado scores and ultrasonic examination results were compared with the gold standards.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,and negative likelihood ratio were calculated.Results The rates of complaints of nausea / vomiting and migrant right lower quadrant(RLQ) pain,complaints of RLQ tenderness,rebound tenderness,and abdominal muscle tension,and counts of while blood cell and leukocytes were higher in AA group than in AML group(P 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,and negative likelihood ratio of AA diagnosis by Alvarado score 6 were 79.3%,66.1%,71.8%,63.9%,80.9%,2.3,and 0.3,and the parameters of AML diagnosis by high frequency ultrasonography were 90.7%,89.8%,90.3%,92.9%,86.9%,8.9,and 0.1.The accuracy of AML diagnosis was 64.4% by Alvarado score ≤6,and 90.3% by high frequency ultrasonography.Conclusion The combination of Alvarado score and high frequency ultrasound can distinguish between AA and AML with a high level of accuracy.


This research looks at water protection of Laekjarbotnar and Kerauga springs in South Iceland. Discharge measurements show that Minnivalla- and Tjarnalaekur streams lose 350 and 1350 l/s respectively into the ground. The equivalent amount springs to surface along the edge of the Þjorsa Lava and Buði Glacial Moraine in a few springs. Tracer tests indicate that lost surface water of Minnivallalaekur transits partly along a fracture to Kerauga in 65 days and to Laekjarbotnar in 125 days through the Þjorsa Lava over a similar distance of about 5 km. Hence the lost surface water of Tjarnalaekur in the east is unlikely to travel past this drainage divide west of the fracture to Laekjarbotnar but more likely to drain into Ytri-Ranga. Thus a proposed poultry farm in that area proposes minimum direct risk to water safety of Laekjarbotnar. As a result of this connection Kerauga is not a safe source of drinking water. The aquifer is considered unconfined, heterogeneous and anisotropic. It is recommended to define inner and outer protection zones for Laekjarbotnar further north and to springs of Minnivallalaekur respectively. It is hypothesized that Kerauga cave is manmade.


Medical City, Dallas, launches a quarterly magazine titled, IN: Mind Body Life, as the final phase in its two-year branding campaign. In search of a unique style, the hospital worked with American Airlines' publishing house, AAP Custom.


The strain crushing apparatus comprises a disk (50) including recesses (60) formed in an outer peripheral surface (56), housed two sets of cutting devices (58A, 58B) having teeth (90, 106) to edges of respectively different section, for cutting wood or deviate from the stones.


Answer: Cladophialophora bantiana. Cladophialophora bantiana is the leading cause of cerebral phaeohyphomycoses. Its natural habitat is soil and rotting vegetation. Unlike other species of Cladophialophora, which tend to be geographically limited, C. bantiana has been isolated worldwide. Infection


SUBSTRATE LAYERS OF MATERIALS WITH LAYERS ETHYLENE-VINYL ALCOHOL BETWEEN WHICH ARE TAKEN SANDWICH SHEET METAL LAYER AND A LAYER OF PAPER, ALL BONDED TO EACH OTHER APPROPRIATE MANNER. APPLICATION FOR TUBES TIRES FOR TOOTH PASTE.


Although the retention of urea nitrogen in the blood is now generally regarded as a reliable diagnostic sign of faulty kidney function, there still remains a disturbing degree of confusion as to what should be considered the normal and what a pathological urea content of the blood. Repeated observations of Folin and Denis, and those of our own laboratory, seem to prove conclusively that in normal adults the concentration of urea nitrogen is from 12 to 15 mg. per 100 c.c. of blood. A study of the records of routine blood analyses of hospital patients, on the other hand, shows that many individuals without symptoms of kidney lesion have a urea nitrogen of more than 15 mg. per 100 c.c. of blood. Of a series of 244 cases, extending over a period of 5 months, 206, or 84 per cent., had a urea nitrogen concentration of not more than 20 mg. per 100 c.c. Of these 206 cases, 83, or 40 per cent., showed some indications of kidney lesion, while of the remaining 38 cases in which the urea nitrogen was more than 20 mg., 29, or 76 per cent., showed other renal symptoms. Throughout the series the higher blood urea was closely paralleled by the greater degree of kidney lesion, as indicated by presence of casts or albumin in the urine, high blood pressure, high blood sugar and creatinine or low phthalein output. From these observations we conclude that 20 mg. per 100 c.c. may be taken as upper normal limit of urea nitrogen in the blood of hospital patients.


The use of satirical or ironic language for conveying a message is referred to as Sarcasm. Social networks such as Reddit, Twitter, etc. usually uses Sarcasm. Reddit which is an American website contains social aggregations of news, ratings of the content and discussions. These resources, which include links, text articles, photographs, and videos, are published to the platform by registered users and can be voted up or down. Posts that cover topics related to books, cooking, pets, news, politics, movies, religions, science, sports, fitness, video games, music, and image-sharing are organized as "communities" or "subreddits". The submissions receiving enough outvotes appear on the front page of the site and towards the top of the subreddit. This paper is about classifying a Reddit comment as sarcastic or non-sarcastic with the help of machine learning techniques. The dataset used in this study named as 'Sarcasm on Reddit' for classi-fication according to genre-based and have followed some basic steps using supervised machine learning and deep learning algorithms for the classification of texts including pre-processing, feature extraction and modeling. In this approach, we have achieved 71%, 76% and 70% accuracy for LSTM, CNN, and Logistic Regression algorithms respectively.


A simple reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method for separation and quantification of tocopherols in edible oils has been developed and validated. In the developed method C18 column was used and a mixture of isopropanol and water was used as mobile phase to achieve baseline separation of all isomers. Tocopherols were separated completely with very good peak resolution in 45 minutes and were detected using diode array detector. No pretreatment of the samples was needed, except dilution in ethanol. The validation measurements showed that the developed method was suitable for quantification of tocopherols in edible oils.


Marie Pouliquen and Věra Dvořakova reflect on their experience from the Art of the Interview workshop at the JEF European Media Seminar.


: Antireflection (AR) structure is the most promising nano-scale application for AR film such as flat panel display, mobile phone display and so on. Ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) is a potentially powerful tool for such a nanofabrication, thus, we have established the fabrication method of AR structure film using photo-curable polymer and UV-NIL. The AR structure mold was fabricated by oxygen ion beam irradiation to roll shape glassy carbon (GC) surface. Using this roll shape mold, AR structured film was fabricated by roll to roll UV-NIL.


Objective To explore the changes of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) activity,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 contents in the lung tissue of rabbit with seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury(SWD-ALI) and the effects of dexamethasone on the changes.Methods Forty-two New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to control group(C group,n = 18),seawater drowning group(S group,n = 12) and dexamethasone treatment group(D group,n = 12).The drowning model was established by instilling seawater(2 ml/kg body weight) into the endotracheal catheter of animals,then the rabbits received arterial injection of dexamethasone(D group,1 mg/kg body weight) or 2 ml normal saline(S group).Blood gas analysis was done at predefined time points.The lung wet to dry weight ratio(W/D) and lung permeability index(LPI) were calculated.The activity of NF-κB was analyzed by non-radioactive electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA).The contents of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 were detected by ELISA.Meanwhile,the pathology changes of lung tissues were detected by H-E staining,and the semi-quantitative lung pathologic scores(LPS) was also calculated.Results The lung of rabbits in S group was obviously enlarged and had more severe edema and congestion compared with C group;furthermore,histopathologic findings indicated inflammatory cell infiltration and other pathologic signs of ALI;the oxygenation index(PaO2 /FiO2) reached the bottom at 0.5 h and did not elevate to more than 300 mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) until 6 h.The largest W/D ratio appeared at 3 h after seawater drowning,and the highest LPI and LPS appeared at 6 h;and NF-κB activity and the contents of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 in lung tissues were significantly higher in S group than in C group(P 0.05,P 0.01).The pathological changes of lung in the rabbits of D group were improved compared with S group but worse than those of group C.The W/D ratio,lung permeability index,and lung pathological score in D group were lower than those of the S group;and the oxygenation index was greatly improved 6 h after seawater drowning.NF-κB activity and the contents of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 in lung tissues were significantly lower than those of the S group(P 0.05,P 0.01).Conclusion Dexamethasone can inhibit the activity of NF-κB and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 in the lung tissue of rabbits with SWD-ALI and relieve the inflammatory responses and pathological changes.


Organoids are groups of cells grown in the laboratory that have self- organized into cell structures resembling those of organs. The term "organoid" means "organ-like." In many cases, the cells and cell structures give organoids abilities similar to those of the organs they resemble. Brain organoids, for example, develop layers of nerve cells (neurons) with signaling activity and even "brain regions" that resemble areas of the human brain. Currently, organoids created by researchers may bear a strong resemblance to a fully mature organ in certain respects, but crucial differences still exist. Intestinal organoids have a variety of cellular structures that resemble parts of the intestinal mucosa, but are typically the size of a pea and thus not nearly as large or complex as our intestinal tract. But even though they are small, or do not correspond one hundred percent to entire organs, scientists can learn a lot from organoids. Experts believe that organoids represent the "next generation" of biological tools for research, drug development and medicine. Liver Organoid engineering could play an important role in treating and curing classic homocysteinuria in childhood by resetting the disturbed function of cystathion beta synthetase activity in the implanted organoid liver. This manuscript focus on liver organoid research to date with special attention to classic homocysteinuria in childhood.


Introduction: Software companies aim to achieve continuous delivery to constantly provide value to their customers. A popular strategy is to use microservices architecture. However, such an architecture is also subject to debt, which hinders the continuous delivery process and thus negatively affects the software released to the customers. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify issues, solutions and risks related to Architecture Technical Debt in microservices. Method: We conducted an exploratory case study of a real life project with about 1000 services in a large, international company. Through qualitative analysis of documents and interviews, we investigated Architecture Technical Debt in the communication layer of a system with microservices architecture. Results: Our main contributions are a list of Architecture Technical Debt issues specific for the communication layer in a system with microservices architecture, as well as their associated negative impact (interest), a solution to repay the debt and the its cost (principal). Among the found Architecture Technical Debt issues were the existence of business logic in the communication layer and a high amount of point-to-point connections between services. The studied solution consists of the implementation of different canonical models specific to different domains, the removal of business logic from the communication layer, and migration from services to use the communication layer correctly. We also contributed with a list of possible risks that can affect the payment of the debt, as lack of funding and inadequate prioritization. Conclusion: We found issues, solutions and possible risks that are specific for microservices architectures not yet encountered in the current literature. Our results may be useful for practitioners that want to avoid or repay Technical Debt in their microservices architecture.


The carbonate reservoir in the oilfield mainly formed in Ordovician System and Carboniferous System. The geology here is very complicated, with high heterogeneity. It gets much more difficult to control the well deflection in Permian system so that high accident ratio could be expected. The buried depth of the reservoir is large, normally 4600-6600m deep. The temperature of the layer is higher than 132 and the pressure is greater than 62MPa. The reservoir is with a high fluid properties, mainly including thin oil, heavy oil, condensate oil, gas and so on; the ground is very hard to drill, so we can foresee low drilling speed, long drilling period and high drilling cost, which will surely restrict the employing progress of the reservoir.


The present invention relates to a convenient and versatile modular furniture assembly. The embodiment of a modular furniture assembly of the embodiment comprises a base portion and manually detachably coupled via the coupling member laterally of the base. And a transverse base member having a defined spatial relationship, this relationship so that the different types, sizes and configurations of furniture assemblies can be formed by the base and the transverse member. Further, the base may be configured such that the cross member is coupled to the base to form a first furniture assembly at a first location and at a second location may be coupled to the base to form a second furniture component.


only a simple majority to be successful. (This was an administrative policy vote, not a technology vote. A technology vote requires more than a simple majority.) The balloting is interesting for two reasons. The first is the unusual number and intent of the comments by the National Bodies, which showed the ambiguity felt on this issue. The National Bodies wanted the Java technology, but were unsure that the price (acceptance of SMI as a PAS Provider) was correct or fair or even to be paid in the right currency. The second reason is that the vote by the US committee was neither to accept nor deny the SMI application, but on the reconsideration ballot to vote to affirm, or reverse a previous vote. To change a previous negative vote to a positive one needs a super majority (two-thirds of the voting members). On the US ballot, 60% of the members of the US JTC1 TAG voted to change the ballot to " yes. " However, since a two-thirds majority did not vote to change, the US position remained opposed. The issue was contentious, but the lack of understanding of the voting rules by the press further exacerbated the situation and made it substantially worse. Via a majority of the votes cast by JTC1 P-members, Sun Microsystems, Inc. is approved as a Recognized PAS Sub-mitter. Comments received from JTC1 P-members must be addressed by Sun, in consultation with JTC1, prior to submitting a PAS specification for JTC1 letter ballot. This could be done through an early submission of an Explanatory Report and related documentation (ref. Supplement 1 of the Procedures for the technical work of ISO/IEC JTC1 on Information Technology).


This research considers the problem of digital twin engineering in organizational and technical systems. The theoretical and methodological basis is a fundamental scientific work in the field of digital twins engineering and applied models. We use methods of a system approach, statistical analysis, operational research and artificial intelligence. The study proposes a comprehensive technology (methodological approach) for digital twin design in order to accelerate its engineering. This technology consists of design steps, methods and models, and provides systems synthesis of digital twins for a complex system (object or process) operating under uncertainty and that is able to reconfigure in response to internal faults or environment changes and perform preventive maintenance. In the technology structure, we develop a simulation model using situational "what-if" analysis and based on fuzzy logic methods. We apply this technology to develop the digital twin prototype for a device at the creation life cycle stage in order to reduce the consequences of unpredicted and undesirable states. We study possible unforeseen problems and device faults during its further operation. The model identifies a situation as a combination of failure factors of the internal and external environment and provides an appropriate decision about actions with the device. The practical significance of the research is the developed decision support model, which is the basis for control systems to solve problems related to monitoring the current state of technical devices (instruments, equipment) and to support adequate decisions to eliminate their dysfunctions.


In this study, we consider a stochastic inventory system in which the objective of the manufacturer is to maximize the long-run average profit by dynamically offering the selling price and switching the production on or off. The demand process is non-homogeneous Poisson with a price-dependent arrival rate. System costs consist of switching costs, inventory holding and backlogging costs. We show that an (s,S,p) policy is optimal. Moreover, we characterize the structural properties of the optimal profit function and pricing strategy, and show that the optimal price is a quasiconcave function of the inventory level when the production is off and is a quasiconvex function when the production is on.


Abstract The pupa of the elmid beetle, Lara avara is described. This pupa is similar to other pupae in the Elmidae, differing mainly in its large size, and the presence of lateral projections on the abdominal tergites. A description of the pupal habitat is included. Diagnostic characters of pupae of the subfamily Larinae are discussed.


A new approach to enhance the security of data transmission using direction dependent antenna modulation based on an array with wide element spacing combined with directional array elements is presented. For illustrative purposes, the system investigated, and reported here, consists of an array of only two elements but the approach is general and can be extended to multi-element array systems. It is shown that by increasing the element spacing of an array the directional error rate characteristics of the system, in a given direction, can be significantly improved. Furthermore, the directly modulated system shows superior error rate performance to that of an equivalent, conventionally modulated, system in the grating lobe directions. The error rate characteristics of the proposed system are analysed for two scenarios: firstly when the angular separation between an eavesdropper and the intended recipient is small and secondly for the case when a potential eavesdropper is located much closer to the transmit antenna than the intended recipient.


The present invention discloses a front water diversion propulsion ship and aims at providing a regular water diversion type ship which can eliminate wave making completely or reduce the wave making and eliminate wave making resistance and can also reduce the friction resistance and motivate the hydrodynamic propulsion to improve the comprehensive performance of the ship such as speed, stability and efficiency. The front water diversion propulsion ship is realized by a technical proposal as follows: a forward water inlet is arranged under the water line at the front part of the ship; and a backward water outlet or a thruster inlet are arranged and matched at the forward water inlet with a flow passage which runs through the forward water inlet and a stern or arranged at two lateral parts. Or a forward-backward thruster is arranged under the water line, or a watercourse is matched and arranged in the front of the water line, two lateral water outlets which are propelled by two sides of the front of the ship or propelled by a stern impeller are arranged, or the back ship body of the thruster is arranged as a streamline after run to motivate the hydrodynamic propulsion. The technology of the front water diversion propulsion ship can fit for designing and manufacturing a powered regular drainage ship and improving the existing ship and is especially fit for designing, manufacturing and improving the economical, large and jumbo ships.


The Clean Caribbean Cooperative (CCC) was formed by ten oil companies operating in the Caribbean Sea area to respond promptly and efficiently to oil spills which cause, or threaten to cause, pollution damage to beaches, harbors, offshore islands, and waters of the Caribbean. CCC resources are available to respond to spills within an area bounded by the coasts of Central America, South America, and Panama. These resources are designed to be used in remote areas where little or no response capability is in place, as well as to supplement the present capability in certain other areas. CCC member companies agreed to share the costs of providing a source of materials, equipment, and services to be used in responding to an oil spill incident. Use of the equipment, as well as management of the total response effort, is the responsibility of the company or agency which is taking action to control the spill. The CCC, as an organized unit, does not engage in joint or collective action in transporting or operating the facilities, arranging for personnel, providing management, or in any way becoming part of the on-scene control activity at the spill site. The member companies of the CCC are listed.


Hybrid solar cells have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their high thermal and chemical stability, light weight, high carrier mobility, and low cost. The active layer of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles- poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is optimized in terms of their mass ratio and microstructure by using absorption and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The active layer of hybrid solar cell formed with P3HT to CdSe mass ratio as 1:9 exhibits (i) maximum absorption of solar radiation in the wavelength range of 300–850 nm, (ii) provides fine dispersion of CdSe nanocrystals (average size ∼ 15 nm). Nanocrystal-polymer blend solar cell has been fabricated by the solution spin-casting process and characterized. The fabricated solar cell device shows short circuit current (Jsc) 0.51mA/cm2 and open circuit voltage (Voc) 0.44V.


The total bacterial count, total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N) and sensory quality of fermented-grain squid were measured at 0, 4℃, 20℃,30℃, 40℃ to investigate the shelf-life of fermented-grain squid. Based on Arrhenius dynamic equation, a dynamic model was established. Results indicated that the activation energies(EA) and rate constants(k0) by total colony prediction were 71.26 kJ/mol and 3.987×1013, respectively. The EAand k0 by TVB-N value was 68.86 kJ/mol and 2.159×1012, respectively. The total bacterial count and TVB-N of fermented-grain squid increased with the increase of storage time, while the sensory quality decreased with the extension of storage time. Result showed that from the reliability assessment between predicted and observed shelf-life, the relative error was within ±10%.


This detour through art aims at demonstrating the performative function of contemporary walls and barriers, designed to impose a geopolitical vision through landscape changes. The text assesses the link between art and borders by formulating the hypothesis that a "border art" (art on the border, art born from the border, art against the border, etc.) is emerging. It tries to understand how the closing up of a border not only reactivates cultural production on an international border, but also transforms the latter's meaning. On the US–Mexico border, for instance, the building of the security fence since 2006 seems to have been accompanied by a strong artistic upsurge. This can be nuanced by analyzing the changes in the nature of artistic production, with more mobile works, marked by a strong presence of videos and performances, as if the fixity imposed by the line requires a fluid creative answer.


[Objective]View Chawu Shao casual treatment of duodenal ulcer treatment.[Methods]Using randomized controlled method,120 cases of outpatient treatment order numbers were randomly divided into two groups. Control group,60 cases of famotidine tablets,20mg / times,2 times / d,orally. Wu Shao treatment group 60 cases scattered(Wuzeigu 27g,Baishao 24g,Danshen,Baiji,Yuan Hu,Gancao 12g,Guipi 6g,Zhishi 9g,Danhuang,Ganjiang each 3g);powder blunt,5g / times 4 times / d. 60d is a course of continuous treatment. Observation of clinical symptoms and adverse reactions. Continuous treatment of a course of treatment,to determine efficacy.[Results]treatment group were cured 39 cases,15 cases markedly effective in 5 cases,1case,the total effective rate 98.33%. The control group were cured 36 cases,effective in 159 cases,effective in7 cases,8 cases,the total efficiency 86.67%. Treatment group than the control group(P0.05)[.Conclusion]Wushao casual treatment of duodenal ulcer effect is remarkable,worthy of promotion.


The aim of this investigation was to prepare, characterize and optimize the vinblastine sulphate loaded proniosomes for overall improvement in the physical stability and to prolong the release time in a controlled manner there by increasing its efficacy and to reduce its toxicity and to study the suitability of proniosomes as the carrier of drug. Proniosomes of vinblastine sulphate were prepared by slurry method. The formulations were characterized with respect to shape and surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, invitro drug release profile, and by cell line studies and stability under specific conditions. The formulated proniosomes were smoother indicating a thin and uniform coating over maltodextrin powder. The vesicular size of the optimized formulation showed the vesicular size of 250300nm. The evaluation of entrapment efficiency showed that it played a significant role by varying the concentration of cholesterol and Span, the highest entrapment efficiency was found in formulation F6 with 84.41±0.636%. Highest cumulative percent drug release was observed with formulation F5 with 97.13% in 48 h. The cell line study result of formulated proniosomes reveals that the drug was showing its efficacy for a 48 hours and the percentage cell line inhibition of optimized formulation was 2 times double when compared to marketed formulation. The results of investigation demonstrated that vinblastine sulphate loaded proniosomes offers an alternative colloidal carrier approach in increasing its physical stability. The results obtained for the present study clearly revealed that proniosomes containing vinblastine sulphate are capable of releasing their drug for the extended period of time there by increasing the efficacy of drug.


ABSTRACT Much of the literature on interpersonal trust is quantitative in nature, using scales developed primarily with White middle-class and upper-class adults. To understand how another racial group of a different socioeconomic background and age views interpersonal trust, we considered the experiences of 22 low-income Black adolescents. The adolescents participated in a relationship education program and were interviewed about their interpersonal trust experiences. Results of a qualitative data analysis revealed that most adolescents defined interpersonal trust based on honesty and fidelity, with a particular emphasis on monogamy in romantic relationships. Adolescents identified direct messages from family members and personal relationship experiences as sources of socialization for interpersonal trust. Although some adolescents reported that the relationship education program enhanced their understanding of and willingness to trust, others maintained that trust can only be learned through personal experiences. Though the adolescents generally trusted family members, they experienced challenges trusting friends and romantic partners. Despite this, adolescents considered interpersonal trust a vital and a necessary part of romantic relationships. We discuss implications of the findings for relationship stability and satisfaction.


The gecko genus Ebenavia Boettger is rediagnosed as phyllodactyle gekkonines with mostly multicarinate scales and claws restricted to the digits of the pes of females. We describe a second, diminutive species of Ebenavia from Lac Tsimanampetsotsa on the southwestern coast of Madagascar. This new species differs from the type species, E. inunguis, in its smaller size, darker and more uniform coloration, presence of multicarinate postrostral scales, and a relatively larger and differently shaped first supralabial scale. The phylogenetic affinities of Ebenavia are unknown, but the two species share similarities with Phylloclactylus peringueyi of South Africa, and the possibility that the three species form a monophyletic group should be explored. The discovery of this new species adds to the growing list of Madagascan species-pairs that have east-west disjunctions, with western species adapted to xeric conditions and eastern species found in rainforest. Key wordts: Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae; Gekkoninae; Ebenavia; Systematics; New species; Madagascar THE monotypic gekkonine genus Ebenavia Boettger is confined to the islands of the western Indian Ocean, where it is recorded from Madagascar, the Comoro Islands, and Mauritius. Pakenham (1947) 1 PRESENT ADDRESS: CERC, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave., MC 5557, New York, NY 10027, USA. described eggs and hatchlings of Ebenavia cf. inunguis from Pemba Island, and Loveridge (1957) confirmed the identifications, but there have been no subsequent reports of the genus on Pemba. Warman and Todd (1977) reported Ebenavia inunguis on Aride Island in the granitic Seychelles, but this was based on a specimen of Urocotyledon inexpectata (Nussbaum, This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Thu, 22 Sep 2016 06:57:52 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms March 1998] HERPETOLOGICA 19 unpublished data; see Cheke, 1984). Early reports of Ebenavia in western Australia are based on Ebenavia horni Lucas and Frost, 1895, a species subsequently synonymized with Diplodactylus ocellatus and placed in a new monotypic genus, Crenadactylus, by Dixon and Kluge (1964). Ebenavia was established on dubious grounds. Boettger (1878) diagnosed it essentially as equivalent to Phyllodactylus, but without claws. Subsequent authors, including Boulenger (1885), Mocquard (1909), Angel (1942), and Russell (1972), repeated this diagnosis without modification. Russell (1972), however, doubted whether clawlessness was sufficient grounds for separating Ebenavia from Phyllodactylus, and stated that the internal and functional anatomy of the digits of E. inunguis are identical to Phyllodactylus. Recently, several studies (e.g., Dixon and Kroll, 1974; Kluge, 1983) have shown that "Phyllodactylus" is an heterogeneous assemblage of geckos, and many species have been transferred to other genera. Therefore, Boettger's original diagnosis of Ebenavia as a clawless Phyllodactylus, sensu lato, has become meaningless. Furthermore, our observations indicate, contrary to the literature, that some specimens of Ebenavia inunguis have small claws on some digits. These circumstances mean that even though E. inunguis is a distinctive, easily recognizable species, the genus Ebenavia is of uncertain status. It lacks a formal diagnosis by which it can be distinguished from other gekkonine genera. In Madagascar, Ebenavia inunguis is primarily a species of the eastern, low elevation rainforests and adjacent degraded habitats where it is normally found on vegetation (trunks, stems, leaf axils) and only infrequently on rocks. We recently discovered a second, partially rock-dwelling, dwarf species of Ebenavia in the desert regions of southwestern Madagascar. The discovery of this new species is important, because it helps to resolve the status of the genus Ebenavia, identifies Madagascar as the center of evolution of the genus, and establishes another link in the emerging pattern of east-west vicariance in the herpetofauna of Madagascar. In this paper, we review the nomenclatural history of Ebenavia, suggest a new diagnosis for the genus, and describe a second species. METHODS AND MATERIALS Specimens were anesthetized by injection with chlorobutanol, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, soaked in water to remove the formalin, and stored in a final solution of 75% ethanol. Snout-vent and tail lengths were measured with a ruler to the nearest 1.0 mm; other measurements were taken with dial calipers and recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm. Specimens are identified by catalog numbers of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan (UMMZ) and by field numbers (RAN). Other abbreviations used are BMNH (British Museum) and SMF (Natur-Museums und Forschungs-Institutes Senckenberg). Throughout this paper, we use "apotypic", "plesiotypic", and derivitives thereof rather than "apomorphic", etc., following the logic of Tuomikoski (1967) and L0vtrup (1977). NOMENCLATURAL HISTORY Boettger (1878) established Ebenavia and described the only known species, E. inunguis, based on a single specimen collected on Nosy Be, Madagascar. Boettger originally diagnosed Ebenavia as a clawless Phyllodactylus lacking enlarged scales on the undersurface of the tail and without large chin shields. Boulenger (1885:96) diagnosed Ebenavia as differing "from Phyllodactylus in having all the digits destitute of claws" and repeated, in abbreviated form, Boettger's description of the holotype of E. inunguis. He also described E. boettgeri from "Madagascar" as a new, second species of the genus. It is unclear why Boulenger thought E. boettgeri was distinct from E. inunguis. Only the holotypes of the two species were known, and Boulenger had not examined the holotype of E. inunguis. The most striking differences, according to Boulenger's descriptions, are in dorsal coloration: olive-brown in E. inunguis and reddish brown in E. boettgeri. After examining the holotype of E. inunguis, Boulenger (1887:482) decided E. boettgeri was not valid, and all subsequent This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Thu, 22 Sep 2016 06:57:52 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 20 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 54, No. 1 authors (Mocquard, 1909; Angel, 1942) have considered E. boettgeri to be a junior synonym of E. inunguis, a conclusion with which we concur. Angel (1942) also viewed Ebenavia inunguis as a clawless Phyllodactylus, and he listed 11 species of Phyllodactylus for Madagascar and the Comoros. The heterogeneous Madagascan "Phyllodactylus" has since been reduced through taxonomic revision to a single species, P. brevipes, of doubtful generic assignment. Dumeril and Bibron (1836) and Boulenger (1885) reported that Phyllodactylus porphyreus, a well known South African species, also occurs in "Madagascar", and Angel (1936) described P. barbouri on the basis of a specimen in the Paris Museum that had been recorded as P. porphyreus from "Madagascar." Kluge (1965) believed that the holotype of P. barbouri is a specimen of Diplodactylus vittatus, a species otherwise known only from Australia, and he concluded that the locality for the holotype of P. barbouri was wrongly recorded. However, Henle (in Brygoo, 1991:33) indicated that P. barbouri is synonymous with a different Australian species, D. granariensis. Guibe (1956) also thought that P. porphyreus occurs in Madagascar, but this was based on his belief that Mocquard's (1900) P. brevipes is a junior synonym of P. porphyreus. Phyllodactylus brevipes is, however, a distinctive species endemic to Madagascar, which only superficially resembles P. porphyreus (Nussbaum and Raxworthy, unpublished data). We conclude that there is no evidence that P. porphyreus occurs in Madagascar. Dixon and Kroll (1974) placed the remaining species of Madagascan "Phyllodactylus" in the resurrected genus Paroedura, leaving "Phyllodactylus" brevipes as the single putative species of Phyllodactylus in Madagascar. Because Ebenavia was originally diagnosed with very few characters and only by comparison to Phyllodactylus, and because the concept of Phyllodactylus has changed considerably, the taxonomic status and diagnostic characteristics of Ebenavia are uncertain. Recent phylogenetic analyses of AfroMadagascan geckos that include Ebenavia B FIG. 1-.Dorsal views of snouts of (A) Ebenavia inunguis (UMMZ 207477) and (B) E. maintimainty (UMMZ 211208), illustrating differences in keeling patterns of postrostral scales and relative size of prenasal scale. Scale = 2 mm. (Bauer, 1990a; Kluge and Nussbaum, 1995) suggested various relationships with other geckos, but they did not lead to a formal diagnosis of Ebenavia. CHARACTERISTICS OF EBENAVIA The discovery of a new gecko in southwestern Madagascar, similar in overall body form to Ebenavia inunguis, led to a search for synapotypic character states that would verify their sister-species status. The most striking feature of the two species is the multicarinate condition of most dorsolateral scales (Figs. 1-3). Of the dorsolateral head scales, only the rostral, nasals, some internasals and postrostrals, and the anterior supralabials are acarinate. All dorsolateral body scales are multicarinate, as are the dorsal and preand postaxial limb scales. Dorsolateral caudal scales may or may not be multicarinate, depending on species and whether or not the tail has been regenerated. The pattern of keeling on the ventral scales is also variable. The This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Thu, 22 Sep 2016 06:57:52 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms March 1998] HERPETOLOGICA 21


The effectiveness of the developed two-and three-component asphaltic-resinous-paraffin deposits inhibitors is investigated on oil samples of a number of fields. A quantitative evaluation of the synergistic effect in the asphaltic-resinousparaffin deposits inhibitors compositions is carried out. The absence of asphaltic-resinous-paraffin deposits inhibitors compositions effect on the aggressiveness of pumped media and on the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors is established.


Objective: To explore the links between social desirability and eating disorders in a sample of adolescents in a north‐east area of Italy.


A Project Submitted in Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for Award of
Masters Degree (Pure Mathematics) in the School of Pure and Applied Sciences of
Kenyatta University June 2019


Most faking research has examined the use of personality measures when using top-down selection. We used simulation to examine the use of personality measures in selection systems using cut scores and outlined a number of issues unique to these situations. In particular, we compared the use of 2 methods of setting cut scores on personality measures: applicant-data-derived (ADD) and nonapplicant-data-derived (NADD) cut-score strategies. We demonstrated that the ADD strategy maximized mean performance resulting from the selection system in the face of applicant faking but that this strategy also resulted in the displacement of deserving applicants by fakers (which has fairness implications). On the other hand, the NADD strategy minimized displacement of deserving applicants but at the cost of some mean performance. Therefore, the use of the ADD versus NADD strategies can be viewed as a strategic decision to be made by the organization, as there is a tradeoff between the 2 strategies in effects on performance versus fairness to applicants. We quantitatively outlined these tradeoffs at various selection ratios, levels of validity, and amounts of faking in the applicant pool. This study deals with faking on self-report personality instruments and proposes a cut-score method that minimizes the displacement of deserving applicants by fakers (by "deserving applicants," we simply mean those who would have been selected if no faking had occurred; we will use the term "deserving applicants" throughout the rest of this paper). Faking, in this context, refers to a focused, intentional effort to respond in a socially desirable manner on a personality test in order to increase the likelihood of attaining a job. That the faking behavior is intentional and focused on the specific goal of increasing test performance to attain employment is


This paper focuses on two main goals. In first place, we present the current status on the research about eating disorders in sport contexts. In this case, we point out studies dedicated to the analysis of the incidence of eating disorders in sport and studies that observe the differences between athletes and different sports in the tendency for these problems. Second, we proposed new research directions on this subject, namely the need of analysing the psychological factors that are related with the development of eating disorders on athletes. This research approach has the advantage of helping the prevention of eating disorders on athletes through the promotion of psychological skills that protect athletes from the negative effects of sport practicing, where are included maladaptive eating behaviors.


The decommissioning of the Strontium Semiworks Complex, located in the 200 East Area of the Hanford Site, is nearing completion. This facility operated as a pilot plant from 1949 to 1967 to develop fuel reprocessing technology and a method for separating strontium from high-level liquid wastes. Contamination of the facility from these operations was extensive. One of the major activities completed was the decommissioning of the plant exhaust stack. Demolition of the stack was accomplished using explosives. This required decontamination of the stack interior to minimize the release of airborne contamination. Radiation levels in the stack prior to cleaning ranged from 2.5 to 90 mGy/h as measured along the stack centerline. Decontamination was accomplished by sandblasting, using equipment specially designed and fabricated to allow the work to be performed remotely.


This paper presents a new novel technique for implementation of the adaptive Kalman filter. The algorithm is based on Kalman filtering tracking method with the addition of feedback estimation error. The performance of the algorithm is compared with that of a standard Kalman filter and also with that of an IMM algorithm. This proposed filter is simple to implement and requires less computational load while produce better estimates than the standard Kalman filter algorithm and closely to the IMM algorithm.


Deciding on an optimal sensor placement (OSP) is a common problem encountered in many engineering applications and is also a critical issue in the construction and implementation of an effective structural health monitoring (SHM) system. The present study focuses with techniques for selecting optimal sensor locations in a sensor network designed to monitor the health condition of Dalian World
Trade Building which is the tallest in the northeast of China. Since the number of degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the building structure is too large, multi-modes should be selected to describe the dynamic behavior of a structural system with sufficient accuracy to allow its health state to be determined effectively. However, it\'s difficult to accurately distinguish the translational and rotational modes for the flexible structures with closely spaced modes by the modal participation mass ratios. In this paper, a new
method of the OSP that computing the mode shape matrix in the weak axis of structure by the simplified multi-DOF system was presented based on the equivalent rigidity parameter identification method. The initial sensor assignment was obtained by the QR-factorization of the structural mode shape matrix. Taking the maximum off-diagonal element of the modal assurance criterion (MAC) matrix as a target function, one more sensor was added each time until the maximum off-diagonal element of the MAC
reaches the threshold. Considering the economic factors, the final plan of sensor placement was determined. The numerical example demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


This chapter argues that the Man'yōshū was compiled as an imperial anthology. Although most of the details of the compilation of the Man'yōshū remain murky, it is clear that it was put together over a long period of time by different people. The reason the chapter describes the Man'yōshū as "imperial", is that throughout the various different principles and styles of anthologization that each of its volumes exhibits, there is a pervasive commitment to configuring the collection as an imperial history, a spatial representation of the empire, and a universal realm of poetic expression centered on the figure of the sovereign. Man'yōshū is a classical imperial realm, in which poetry serves as a vehicle for the cultural sensibility of the court to spread throughout the provinces and create a universal world of civilized feeling centered on the sovereign and the imperial court.Keywords: cultural sensibility; empire; imperial anthology; imperial court; Man'yōshū; poetic expression


The human gastrointestinal tract is a highly sophisticated organ. The gut epithelium consists of several specialized cell types in a distinct spatial arrangement that enable effi cient nutrient uptake and form a barrier against commensal bacteria and pathogens. organoids - 'mini-guts' that form characteristic crypts and villi - to study the intestinal epithelium. scientifi c interest lies in the differentiation of stem cells into the diverse epithelial cell lineages. nd the molecular 'switches' that determine which cell types develop from the stem cells and how the epithelium is composed', Jenny. The organoids are grown in a collagen matrix and their handling is challenging and time-consuming. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer. Although only 15-20% of all cases belong to this molecular subtype, it accounts for about 50% of breast cancer related deaths. The current treatment plan is surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. A targeted therapy would greatly improve treatment options and enhance survival rates. CORBEL user Dr. Alexey Koval's goal is to fi nd drug candidates which can be developed further into a targeted therapy. Alexey, a senior researcher from the Katanaev lab, identifi ed a promising drug target, for which he wants to identify small molecules that act on this target protein. A drug discovery project requires multidisciplinary efforts. Cystic fi brosis (CF) patients suffer from recurrent lung infections and typically have a shortened life expectancy due to dysregulation of fl uid transport into the lung. CF is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, encoding an ion channel membrane protein. Prof. Margarida Amaral's research focuses on normal and mutant protein CFTR, namely on the most frequent mutation which prevents correct traffi c of the channel to the plasma membrane. Prof. Maria Paola Martelli focuses her research on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the aim to translate her fi ndings into novel diagnostic tools and thera-pies. AML affects the maturation of myeloid blood cells leading to accumula-tion of abnormal cells and ultimately to bone marrow failure. AML accounts for about 80% of acute leukemia in adults with a grim prognosis in particular for elderly patients, often leaving allogeneic stem cell therapy as the only treatment option. Symbiotic interactions with microalgae are widespread among today´s oceanic plankton and play a signifi cant role in the functioning of marine ecosystems. However, their basic functioning and the subcellular mechanisms by which a cell can accommodate and engineer an intracellular microalgal cell remain unknown. of a host cell using cutting-edge of symbiotic plankton near-shore on live subcellular of as a project selected via the CORBEL Open developed into a long-term collaboration. All partners agree that this project will improve our knowledge of the functioning of planktonic symbioses and bring new evolutionary insights into chloroplast acquisition in eukaryotes. Projects like the UK Biobank aim to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, by following the health status of 500,000 volun-teer participants, and anonymously capturing changes that could give clues on alterations of health condition, lifestyle or environment that could be associated with the onset of diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Dr. Adriano Barbosa's CORBEL project aims to extend the impact of large population studies, such as the UK Biobank, by identifying and collecting additional European CVD datasets that could be analysed in parallel in order to validate insights observed in the UK Biobank on an independent dataset. In this respect it was of critical importance for him to gain access to European Research Infrastructures (RIs) that could help with this task. CORBEL facilitated user access across different European life science research infrastructures (RIs). For each user project, access to a combination of at least two RIs was requested, resulting in a multitude of interconnections. The success of CORBEL stimulated the participating RIs to establish long-term collaborations for future joined projects, recognising and tackling the need to tear down the silos that currently separate scientifi c disciplines.


The article examines vowel alternations in Slavic languages on the basis of Polish CVC - CC alternations mostly involving the vowel 'e'. It links the phenomenon to prosodic structures of Slavic languages and tries to resolve the issue by employing a concept of lexical syllabicity within the frameworks of post-generative and government phonologies.


A planner and agent in a permanent-income economy cannot observe part of the state, regard their model as an approximation, and value decision rules that are robust across a set of models. They use robust decision theory to choose allocations. Equilibrium prices reflect the preference for robustness and so embody a "market price of Knightian uncertainty." We compute market prices of risk and compare them with a model that assumes that the state is fully observed. We use detection error probabilities to constrain a single parameter that governs the taste for robustness.


Objective To study the category and its related factors among children and youth hospitalized with spinal problems,and to provide evidence for prevention and protection.Methods By using of reviewing case files,a total of 445 children and youth who were ever hospitalized with spinal disorders in a hospital during 2009-2011were sampled and retrospectively analyzed.Data were collected and analyzed with SPSS 16.0.Results It was found that the most common 3 diseases were lumbar intervertebral disc,spinal tuberculosis and scoliosis,accounting for 43.82%.The highest prevalence of scoliosis and congenital torticollis was in 7-14 years old group and 3-6 years old group,respectively;the prevalence of lumbar intervertebral disc for male was higher in male group than that in female group while the prevalence of scoliosis and spinal tuberculosis was higher in female group than that in male group.Conclusion Most of the serious spinal problems in children are congenital,which implies that it is important to take the intervention measures such as earlier detection and treatment.For youth with spinal disorders,influencing factors are related to both congenital and environmental triggers,which mean more for prevention and intervention.


In this venture, another design of a three-level unbiased point-clasped (NPC) inverter that can coordinate solar photovoltaic (PV) with battery storage in a framework associated framework is proposed. The quality of the proposed topology lies in a novel, expanded unbalance three-level vector adjustment procedure that can produce the right air conditioning voltage under lopsided dc voltage conditions. This venture introduces the outline examination of the proposed setup and the hypothetical system of the proposed regulation method. Another control calculation for the proposed framework is likewise introduced with a specific end goal to control the power conveyance between the sun based PV, battery, and matrix, which all the while gives most extreme power point following (MPPT) operation for the sun oriented PV. In this venture fuzzy controller used to lessened the music when contrasted with the PI controller. The viability of the proposed philosophy is examined by the reenactment of a few situations, including battery accusing and releasing of various levels of sunlight based light. The reenactment performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK condition.


S. Marcus raised the following problem: Find necessary and sufficient conditions for a set to be the set of points of symmetric continuity of some function f:R —> R. We show that there is no such characterization of topological nature. We prove that given a zero-dimensional set M C R, there exists a function f:R^>R whose set of points of symmetric continuity is topologically equivalent to M . Thus, there is no "upper bound" on the topological complexities of M . We also prove similar theorems about the set of points where a function may be symmetrically differentiable, symmetric, or smooth.


The present invention discloses a preparation of crude fish oil scaly skin, collagen peptide and a hydroxyl calcium phosphate method, firstly a scaly skin and a low temperature oil extraction mention gum, the oil phase to obtain a phase separator, gum liquid and solid slag 1 1; 1 secondary temperature the solid residue mention gum, after 2 three phase separator to obtain the oil phase, and the solid residue glue 2 2; three-phase secondary centrifugal separation to obtain the oil phase was combined 1 the crude fish oil; solid residue after calcination temperature to obtain 2-hydroxy-phosphate; 1,2 glue after concentrating the combined alkaline protease enzyme, bleaching, membrane filtration, freeze-dried, to obtain collagen peptide. High bioavailability resulting hydroxy calcium phosphate, calcium can be used for biological products; collagen peptide good sensory index, high biological activity; crude fish meet SC / T3502-2000 a crude fish oil standard. The method of the present invention is different from the traditional method of scales, skin processed separately, the method to obtain a raw material utilization, low cost, strong process applicability.


In The Red Chamber Dream,the er-ling refers to the second phase of the marriage between JiaLian and WangXiFeng.Specific namely that,Fengjie has a noisy noise again because JiaLian stealed Baoerjiade and Youerjie,so JiaLian gradually cool to her.In the Redology history,many other interpretation was not closely combined with fiction plot,so they are not correct.


Entrepreneurial alertness is a concept that merges two separate fields of research – cognition theory and the theory of entrepreneurial opportunity creation and discovery. Initially, entrepreneurial alertness was defined as an individual's ability to identify opportunities and recognize gaps with limited clues. The seminal work in entrepreneurial alertness was expanded later on with the notion of action and proactive stance as fundamental components of entrepreneurial behavior. Finally, researchers were able to parcel it into three distinct elements of alertness: scanning and search, association and connection, and evaluation and judgment. This study builds upon previous research by identifying determinants of entrepreneurial alertness. The purpose of the study is to explore the role of demographic variables (gender, education level, education focus, prior work experience, and having parents as entrepreneurial role models), as well as metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive experience as most frequently used measures of entrepreneurial metacognition. To observe these relations, a sample of 84 business students majoring in 6 different areas (marketing, finance, management, entrepreneurship, trade and logistics, and business informatics) was analyzed using linear regression as the primary method of empirical analysis. The results demonstrate a strong positive relationship between entrepreneurial alertness and metacognitive knowledge and Original scientific paper / Izvorni znanstveni članak 28 S. Delač, M. Stanić, T. Koprivnjak: Determinants of entrepreneurial alertness: the effect of... experience. Furthermore, prior work experience, year of the study program, and academic major play an important role in determining entrepreneurial alertness. Overall, the model explains 38.6% of the variance in the response variable.


e11560 Background: We reported the result of the efficacy and toxicity of S-1 combined with docetaxel (S-1+DOC) in ASCO 2011 (abstract No.1075). It showed good objective response rate (ORR) and some cases showed of complete response (CR) before middle of 8 cycles regimen. But this regimen was difficult to keep compliance of per oral S-1 intake. To improve pathological CR (pCR) rate, we planned a new protocol of primary chemotherapy with S-1+DOC (N-1 trial). Methods: Patients with advanced breast cancer (stage II-IV) were treated with i.v. docetaxel (40mg/m2) on day1 and oral S-1 (80mg as FT/m2/day) on day1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. According to the RECIST criteria, patients with CR were underwent operation, partial response were continued more 4cycles of S-1+DOC. Stable disease or progressive disease cases were changed regimen for EC or Trastuzumab and Paclitaxel (HT) according to their HER2 status. Adequate supportive therapy was provided for typical adverse events. Primary endpoint is a pCR rate...


The new NASA paradigm calls for more frequent, low-cost, small spacecraft missions capable of returning high-value planetary science. This challenge also extends to the rapid insertion of advanced technologies across all spacecraft subsystems as an enabling tool for building these highly capable miniaturized science platforms in the spirit of.


Directed energy deposition (DED) offers an unprecedentedly convenient and efficient additive manufacturing approach to novel alloy designs such as high entropy alloys. As a critical component of the novel DED system, a powder mixer to stably and uniformly mix different powders plays an important role in the DED process. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics-discrete phase model (CFD-DPM) method was used to simulate the characteristics of the gas-solid coupled fluid inside the powder mixer. The influence of the structural details of the powder mixer on the motion characteristics of the gas-solid coupled fluid was investigated by numerical simulation. Based on the numerical simulation results, the range of parameters of critical structure such as the inlet angle, the diameter and height mixing chamber, and the height of the bottom was determined. The difference in powder mixing uniformity among different powder mixers was qualitatively analyzed through powder mixing experiments. The BSE-EDS results of mixed powder samples show that the mixer with reasonable structural parameters has better mixing uniformity. In summary, this work provides a powerful reference for the rapid optimization design of the powder mixer structure.


A heterodyne type of visible speech translator has been developed with 29 channels. This unit employs 29 separate crystal filters and a high speed rotary beam commutation tube. The heterodyne feature makes it possible to explore any desired 4000‐cycle band, from 100 cycles up to several hundred kilocycles, by changing the local oscillator crystal. The Sonalator also employs a fast‐acting avc system and selective high frequency boost of the type found desirable by R. K. Potter and associates at Bell Telephone Laboratories.


In this paper, the design and the fabrication of novel devices using single crystal lead zinc niobate-lead titanate (1 − x)Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -xPbTiO 3 (PZN-PT) and lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (1 − x)Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -xPbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) are presented. Piezoelectric biosensors using PZN-PT and PMN-PT are discussed. These single-crystal sensors improve on the existing detection sensitivity of quartz or silicon based devices. The biosensors can be miniaturized through the fabrication of freestanding single crystal films and patterning by ion milling and argon-ion laser etching. A smart cantilever structure using PZN-PT and PMN-PT is also presented. This device possesses both sensing and actuation capabilities, in a single monomorph configuration. Finally, a PMN-PT energy harvester with interdigitated electrodes is demonstrated. The device converts mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect. A simple PMN-PT energy harvesting beam is integrated into an electrical energy storage device.


The paper summarizes the research results of commanders' managerial competences. The aim of the research consisted in identifying facts, which managerial competences make or do not make troubles for commanders; there are offered recommendations for the development of commanders' critical competences. The research was conducted within three groups of respondents: the first group comprised senior officers, participants of the General Staff course; the second group comprised junior officers, participants of the senior officer course, and the third group covered graduates of the basic officers' course. Using the questionnaire research, respondents rated ten selected managerial competences of their subordinates. The research results concluded that commanders face the greatest difficulties in communication, self-development and analytical thinking.


Two kinds of Power MOSFET applied in the space have been irradiated and tested,and from the view of the changes of oxide charges and interface states,their total dose radiation responses and characteristics have been analyzed.And the relations between breakdown voltage and threshold voltage in the experiment of total dose radiation have been investigated and compared.Results of our experiment have provided foundation for the application of these two type devices in spaceflight system.


The research concerns analysis of cause-effect relationships occurring between condition attributes describing structure and surface-active properties and decision attributes (antimicrobial activity) of alkyl(alkylthiomethyl)dimethylammonium chlorides and alkyl(alkoxymethyl)dimethylammonium chlorides. 72 ammonium chlorides were described by 7 condition attributes concerning structure and 7 condition attributes concerning surface-active properties. Antimicrobial activity was expressed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 (classification I) and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (classification II). The ROSE 2 (Rough Sets Data Explorer) and LEM 2 (Minimal Set Covering Algorithm) software were used to perform the analysis. Attributes with continuous values were discretized. 45 decision rules were generated in the classification I, and 38 rules in the classification II. Those described the most important dependencies between structure, surface-active properties of analyzed chlorides and their antimicrobial activity. Strong decision rules supported by large number of objects provide guidelines which may facilitate synthesis of new compounds with preferable antimicrobial properties.


I n S e p t e m b e r 1975 t h e c o v e r of the French society weekly Paris Match featured three bemused-looking nuns standing before an advertisement for the pornographic film Julia et les hommes (Julia), the image accompanied by the headline "La France Porno." Inside, a (fully illustrated) special report agonized over the "wind that has come to sweep away old taboos." According to the magazine, this wind originated in America, with Hugh Hefner and his photogenic entourage the prime culprits: "Eroticism and pornography are spreading, aided with the complicity of businessmen who intend to stimulate weak sectors of industry and with the blessing of intellectuals anxious to hasten the liberation of humanity." To the sensationalist journalists at Paris Match, pornography combined a number of fears floating in the French imagination in 1975, namely, economic uncertainty, American influence, and the specter of sexual liberation. The phenomenon was hard to ignore; France experienced an explosion in the production of hardcore pornography in the mid-1970s. At the opening


To assess the clinical significance of acid-labile estrogens in high-risk pregnancy, urinary excretion of estrogen in 197 patients was measured by the Cohen ammonium sulfate precipitation method and by the Brown acid hydrolysis technic and the results were compared. The methods gave parallel results and both had essentially the same predictive value in assessing impairment of function of the fetoplacental unit. There was no evidence of an abnormally high concentration of acid-labile estrogens in the urines of 24 diabetic patients in this series.


Groundwater is the most dependable water resource in Palestine. Characterising groundwater is the primary tool towards its integrated management. Al-Faria catchment is considered an indispensable groundwater resource in the north-eastern part of the West Bank, Palestine, since it supplies domestic inhabitants, their livestock, and the agricultural lands with needed amounts of water. The quality of groundwater in the catchment is affected by the untreated wastewater disposal and the runoff from the adjacent agricultural lands. This research aims at gaining a better understanding of groundwater hydraulic properties in Al-Faria catchment. It paves the way for further future research which aims to study the interaction between surface water and groundwater. A single-well injection withdrawal tracer test using Uranine tracer was applied to determine the seepage velocity and the effective porosity of the unconfined Neogene subaquifer. Data were obtained by conducting two tracer experiment tests during the wet and the dry seasons of 2012/2013. Breakthrough curves that show the recovered tracer concentration over time were constructed for each experiment. The main difference between the two tracer-based conducted tests on the selected wells was the existence of non-uniform pumping rates from nearby wells. The breakthrough curve for the wet season showed a progressive recovery of tracer with the highest peak reached after 54 minutes of pumping. The breakthrough curve for the dry season showed three and almost equal successive peaks at the 18th, 26th, XI and 36th minutes of pumping. Results showed high values of seepage velocity in the tested sub-aquifer. The calculated seepage velocity and the effective porosity of the tested well in the wet season were 9.2 meter/day and 4.3% respectively. The test in the dry season gave no clear results for the tested properties. The effect of the non-uniform pumping rates from the nearby wells of the tested well in the dry season caused the tracer to disperse into different directions with different gradients. The applied test was more efficient when conducted in the wet season; this result can be attributed to the intensive pumping of the many adjacent wells in the catchment which cannot be easily controlled. Finally, this research served as a preliminary work which paves the way for further groundwater tracer tests in the catchment; it should be stated that there is no previous experience in using the technique of single well injection withdrawal in this catchment.


The article The forgotten page. On the introduction of film education to Polish schools raises a subject of film education in Polish schools. At the beginning of the article the author focuses on the groundbreaking school curriculum introduced to Polish schools in 2009. The teachers of Polish have had to include the elements of film education within their course since then. At the same time Polish Film Institute provided fourteen thousand schools with the packages of film materials. It was supposed to support film education in schools. The initiative was warmly approved by the press and various media. Nonetheless, it was not the first initiative of this kind in Poland as similar programme was introduced to schools in the 1930s by Film Institute of Polish Telegraphic Agency. The article is devoted to the description of this forgotten period of Polish education, which was terminated by the outbreak of World War II.


The purpose of this study was to examine how the different lifestyles of Westerners and Koreans effect the ligament of lower extremity on gait and to analyze the latent risk factors. The subjects were 12 Koreans who follow sedentary life style and 12 Westerners who do not follow sedentary life style. Based on image analysis, the movement of the ankle, knee, and hip joint in three dimensions were analyzed. Kinetic variables based on ground reaction force were also analyzed. The results were as follows. Significant differences were not found in the movement of the ankle and knee joint during gait and kinematic variables between the Westerners and the Koreans. But there were significant differences between the two groups in the movement of the hip joint. Koreans showed bigger knee joint valgus and the hip adduction. Based on this research, Koreans showed increased knee joint valgus and hip joint adduction during gait. This was found to effect the knee lateral meniscus.


Professor Ziegel's article provides a helpful guide to some of the issues that may arise in the insolvency of a corporate group that spans the United States and Canada.1 There is much to learn from the piece. Professor Ziegel provides an insightful analysis of two types of problems that arise when an enterprise that has substantial operations in both the United States and Canada seeks relief under each nation's respective bankruptcy laws.2 The legal organization can be arranged so that it will be many affiliated entities in each jurisdiction. Few, if any, enterprises that have substantial operations in two countries will have all of its assets housed in a single legal entity. This is true regardless of how tightly integrated the firm's operations are. In short, transnational firms are corporate groups. The first, and somewhat easier, set of problems that Professor Ziegel examines revolves around whether all members of the corporate group can file for bankruptcy in the appropriate national forum.3 If one assumes that the corporate group as a whole needs to be reorganized, Canada's somewhat more stringent requirement to file for reorganization raises the possibility that some members of the group could be left outside of the reorganization effort.4 The fear is that failure to administer all of the assets of the enterprise IMAGE FORMULA5 could impede, and perhaps doom, the reorganization effort. The second, and more difficult, set of issues that Professor Ziegel focuses on arise once at least part of the corporate group has come within the jurisdiction of both countries' bankruptcy courts.5 Inevitably, not all creditors will find themselves similarly situated. To be sure, there will be the commonplace difference between secured creditors and unsecured creditors. But corporate groups raise an additional problem. Even creditors whose claims have the same ostensible priority position may be facing the prospect of receiving radically different payouts.6 For example, creditors of one member of the corporate group may have claims that in total roughly equal that member's assets. Such creditors face the happy fate of being paid in full. Creditors of another related entity, however, may have claims that vastly exceed the assets of that member. These creditors see the possibility of a return of pennies on the dollar. The latter group of creditors understandably would prefer to see all claims and assets of the corporate group lumped together, whereas the former group of creditors would insist on maintaining the legal separation among the affiliated entities. The question, in a nutshell, is to what extent should the courts respect the divisions made by the parties? This problem arises even in the context of a wholly domestic firm.7 The problem only becomes compounded when competing legal systems struggle with the issue. These problems are nettlesome. Professor Ziegel does an admirable job in setting forth the issues that a court, guided only by the common law, will face. In this comment, I want to make two brief points to help put these issues into context. Both points stem IMAGE FORMULA7 from the fact that in modern financial practice, a firm's organizational structure, and by this I mean the number of distinct legal entities that comprise the corporate ground and the assets and obligations of each entity result from a conscious decision of the firm's managers. Moreover, sophisticated creditors are well aware of these decisions when they extend credit. The first point, which is noted in passing by Professor Ziegel, is that not all related entities of a group file for insolvency.8 Bankruptcy of an enterprise does not imply that all of the assets will come before the bankruptcy court. This ability of the firm's managers and creditors to ensure that some assets remain beyond the reach of any bankruptcy court suggests hesitancy on imposing substantive consolidation on unwilling parties. …


Abstract : The progress in the last nine months on ERDA supported programs within the joint DARPA/ERDA supported 'Brittle Materials Design, High Temperature Gas Turbine' Program is reported on in this volume. Volume 1 covers the progress on the DARPA supported Ceramic Turbine Testing Program. Investigations of the materials used to fabricate duo-density ceramic turbine rotors were conducted on injection molded reaction bonded and hot pressed silicon nitride. The injection molding process, utilized to fabricate rotor blade rings, was improved by optimizing the molding parameters with the automated control system and improving the molding mixture. The installation of nozzles, to apply mold release, and air blast jets, to clean the die and evenly distribute the mold release, resulted in a noticeable improvement in the surface finish of the blade rings. Duo-density turbine rotors were tested in the cold spin pit to evaluate the hot press to reaction sintered bond joints and the effect of I.D. voids, in the blade ring rim, on blade failure speeds. Degradation of the room temperature strength of the reaction bonded silicon nitride rotor blades was identified as resulting from the press-bonding operation. A procedure for determining whether statistically significant differences exist between two sets of data, known as the 'Hypothesis Testing' was outlined. The test was applied to data from duo-density turbine rotors and showed that blade strength did deteriorate after the press-bonding operation. Use of proof-testing as a means of enhancing the accuracy of life predictions was discussed.


Muscle fatigue is required to be assessed in real-time to maintain the best physical condition, especially for sports and rehabilitation areas. In recent years, numerous studies proposed muscle fatigue estimation methods with non-invasive surface electromyography (sEMG). However, the previous approaches were limited to discerning whether muscle fatigue occurs and were unable to quantify the fatigue level due to individual differences in muscle characteristics. In this study, we propose a novel method for quantitative muscle fatigue estimation that is applicable for various people without individual calibration. Because muscle mass is closely related to muscular endurance, it is utilized as a standard parameter in our assessment process. We introduce a new concept of muscle fatigue score (MFS), based on the cosine similarity between muscle mass and representative fatigue indicators. The MFS exhibits a high correlation coefficient (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text {R}\vert = 0.7398$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) with key muscle characteristics compared to previous representative muscle fatigue indicators calculated from sEMG: mean frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text {R}\vert = 0.2848$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), median frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text {R}\vert = 0.1972$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and low-frequency ratio (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text {R}\vert = 0.0346$ </tex-math></inline-formula>).


Abstract : The present paper gives some results on a study of the non-directional travel time anomalies recorded in 84 Seismic Stations of Europe and surrounding Countries. The research is based on 600 samples of the antipodal earthquakes, the p sub 1 waves of which were taken into consideration and statistically worked out. (Author)


Staying under the influence of special conditions existent during the last years of the Ottoman Empire and at the years of the independence war, the founders of the Turkish Republic tried to exclude religion while trying to establish a new Turkish nation unified under the framework of a special secular ideology. Today's Turkish traditional elite, who have inherited the same mentality and type of attitude, have great fears about the possibility of regime change by conservative and religious circles. The exclusion of religion from nation-building and the apparently hostile attitude of the traditional elite toward religious values and religious circles have always helped the rightist parties in gaining majority in the parliament. The AKP's great victories in the last two general elections as a party founded by the Islamists of the past have further alerted the traditional elite given the poor performance of the secularist and leftist party founded by Kemal Ataturk (CHP).


This work proposes a novel solution to relocalize the SLAM tracking based on spherical cameras. It focuses on the imaging method of spherical camera, the feature extracting algorithm and the relocalization of SLAM tracking based on the 3D reconstruction. In the imaging method, we design a new camera containing eight fish-eye lenses, and then we propose a calibration method to calibrate the eight fish-eye lenses spherical camera; To get the high-performance feature points of panoramic image, we propose a network based on a separate network to extract local feature accurately and quickly. With the correct key points obtained by the feature extracting method, we reoptimize the SLAM tracking after the maximum posteriori estimation usually applied in common back-end SLAM to relocalize the SLAM tracking. The experiment results show that the calibration method achieved 0.973 reprojection error, lower than the common methods like Zhang's or DLT. The inlier rate and matching time of proposed SimpGeoDesc are all better than the reference models ContextDesc and GeoDesc. With the correct feature points, SLAM tracking is clearer and more steadily with our relocalization method. That is the solution of relocalization of SLAM tracking proposed in this work is effective. The AR application of the relocalization proves the feasibility of our propose relocalization method.


The development of the systems versions is dramatic based on the buses lanes, memory and registers. As known in the computing the general rule that if the RAM is under 4GB, don't need a 64-bit CPU but if the RAM more than 4GB it need. Some users find that a 32-bit is enough memory and good performance, in contrast to huge size applications that need more memory and fast processing should use faster processor.


designing and conducting mixed methods research is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the designing and conducting mixed methods research is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This brief survey is intended as a list of works which I have found especially useful myself or which I think would be particularly suitable for readers wanting to follow up topics necessarily treated very cursorily in my recent one-volume History of Nepal (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). It includes some of the pre-1990 works listed in my earlier Nepal (World Bibliographical Series, Oxford & Santa Barbara: Clio Press, 1990) and, though it is intended principally for people who read English more comfortably than anything else, there is also some material in Nepali and in mainland European languages. I have given preference to items readily available in Western countries but some will only be found in specialist libraries. Particularly for the more recent periods there is a great problem of selection and omission of any particular work should certainly not be taken as a suggestion that it is any way inferior especially as items are often included simply because I had them to hand. Bibliographies of the more recent works listed can easily be consulted for further reading, and there is extended discussion of many earlier studies in Krishna Kant Adhikari's A Brief Survey of Nepali Historiography (Kathmandu: Buku, 1980). The most complete, readily accessible list of new titles is probably the Nepal entries in the catalogue of the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique in France. This can be consulted online at http://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/wwwisis/BIBLIO.02/form.htm


The stories I have written are true. The events which I have written about did happen to the members of my family. When I sat down to write these vignettes, I wrote about each person and highlighted a particular episode in each of their lives that was special or separate and belonged to them. After the stories were written, I discovered that they fitted neatly into the whole, big picture of Aboriginal history since colonisation. This was amazing! Each story presented an example of how Aboriginal people had to cope with white domination. These stories touch on the lives of my family during the four eras of our history of white contact.


The main target of higher vocational education is to train practical skills in students.In the teaching of accounting courses the teachers must strengthen the practicing,so that every student become the master hand of skilled accounting.The thesis analyzes current teaching in the class for Basic Accounting,proposing the "four-step" practical teaching mode,including "I like to be accountant—I am accountant—I work well as an accountant—I appraise the accounting ".This mode can stimulate the students' interest in learning,and improve the teaching effectiveness.


The purpose of this article is to contribute more knowledge about digital technology in music therapy and public health, focusing on portable tablet technology. The article presents the findings from a multiple case study in which four adolescent outpatients from a mental health institution for children and adolescents participated in an iPadbased music workshop. The empirical data is sourced from qualitative interviews and participatory observation conducted during the workshop. The analysis suggests that the activity of making music with an iPad establishes and develops social relations, promotes self-esteem, and develops identity, enhances subjective wellbeing, and aids in dealing with daily life problems. Furthermore, it is suggested that the activity has value in terms of affording co-creation, strengthening agency, and building self-efficacy. The discussion includes reflections and critique concerning health-affordance, health musicking, and identity, and it argues for the benefits of using digital music technology with adolescents in mental health care.


Bread quality decreases during storage mainly due to crumb firming. The objective of this study was to establish the relation of the main flour components, gluten and starch, to bread crumb cellular structure and elasticity after baking and during further storage. While the elastic modulus of bread crumb strongly increased upon storage, image and ultrasonic analyses demonstrated that its cellular structure did not change. Changing gluten properties in dough had a profound impact on bread density and its foam structure without affecting the rheological properties of the crumb cell walls. Bread of lower density initially had a lower elastic modulus, which remained low during storage, while bread of higher density showed the opposite. Inclusion of an antifirming amylase in the recipe altered neither bread density, nor its cellular structure, but strongly affected the impact of storage on crumb texture. It was concluded that bread density is a major determinant of bread crumb structure and texture during storage. In breads with a similar density and crumb structure, the evolution of crumb stiffness during storage is determined by the changes in the starch population.


We briefly describe an approach to extend the Ant Colony System by a group recruitment strategy. The underlying idea is very similar to the behavior of real ants, which use e.g. tandem-techniques to guide each other to large food sources. General investigations with small and medium sized colonies have shown that such strategies in combination with mass recruitment (pheromones) increase the food-supply rate. Surprisingly, this quite natural mechanism can be easily adapted for Ant Algorithms and has inspired our idea of the Recruiting Ant Colony System. The experiments with the optimization of a Traveling Salesman Problem instance show that RACS improves the auto-catalytic process. It seems that our new algorithm converge faster and more stable than the original one.


OBJECTIVE
Late-life depression has been associated with frontostriatal abnormalities that are thought to lead to deficits of cognitive inhibition. However, it remains unclear, whether age-of-onset identifies subgroups of depression. The objective of this study was to compare cognitive inhibition in depressed women aged 60 and older, according to age of the first onset depression (before or after 60 years old).

METHODS
We compared 10 currently depressed women (HDRS-17≥18) with a late-onset depression to 10 depressed women with an early-onset depression, and to 10 healthy controls. We examined cognitive inhibition (Stroop, Hayling, Go/No-Go), shifting (TMT), updating in working memory (WAIS) and executive functions (BREF). All groups were matched for age, education level, and MMSE score (MMSE≥24).

RESULTS
Depressed elderly women with a late and an early-onset depression had a greater impairment in executive functions and cognitive inhibition compared with healthy controls (p<0,001), but without significant differences according to the age of the first onset depression. Futhermore, late-onset depression in women was significantly correlated with a deficit of cognitive inhibition (rs=0.55; p=0.012).

CONCLUSION
Cognitive inhibition should be assessed in late-life depression. Interventions may be developed to specifically target cognitive impairment in the prevention of late-life depression, to identify those who are the most vulnerable to relapse.


The "healthy immigrant effect" pertains to findings that Hispanics/Latinos born outside of the US tend to be physically and emotionally healthier than individuals born in the US. However, immigrant Latino groups residing in the US have higher incidences of dementia (Tang et al., 2001). Sex/gender and years of education have been found to moderate the relationship between age of migration and cognitive functioning among immigrants born in Mexico (Garcia et al., 2017; Hill et al., 2012). While years of education has been the focus of many studies, literacy (ability to read/write) has been less frequently explored as a moderator of age of migration and cognitive change. We investigated the effect of age of migration on cognitive trajectory in a diverse Latino population and explored whether literacy influences the association between age of immigration and cognitive change. We hypothesize that literacy (ability to read/write) will buffer the effects of age of migration on cognitive (memory, language, motor speed, visuospatial) trajectory.

 Age at baseline, English fluency, country of birth, sex/gender, and years of education were included as time-invariant covariates and literacy was tested as a moderator via multiple group modeling.

 Results show that age of migration is marginally and inversely associated with baseline cognitive performance (p < .01). Thus, individuals who immigrated at an older age had lower baseline cognitive scores than their counterparts. Age of migration was not associated with cognitive change. Independent of covariates, literacy did not buffer the negative effects of later age at migration on cognitive function.

 Results suggest that literacy confers a small advantage in premorbid cognition, but does not protect against cognitive decline over time. These findings also suggest that adults who immigrate at an older age present with lower cognitive scores at baseline, but do not experience faster rates of cognitive change.

 Tang, M. X., Cross, P., Andrews, H., Jacobs, D. M., Small, S., Bell, K., ... & Mayeux, R. (2001). Incidence of AD in African-Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and Caucasians in northern Manhattan. Neurology, 56, 49-56. Garcia, M. A., Reyes, A. M., Downer, B., Saenz, J. L., Samper-Ternent, R. A., & Raji, M. (2018). Age of migration and the incidence of cognitive impairment: A cohort study of elder Mexican-Americans. Innovation in aging, 1, igx037. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx037. Hill, T. D., Angel, J. L., Balistreri, K. S., & Herrera, A. P. (2012). Immigrant Status and Cognitive Functioning in Late Life: An Examination of Gender Variations in the Healthy Immigrant Effect. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 75, 2076–2084. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.005.


This paper investigates the unemployment effects of the Russian minimum-wage policy. The results suggest that higher minimum wages slightly increase unemployment rates among young workers but do not affect the older workforce. The textbook theory of producer is employed to rationalize the findings, showing that the magnitude of employment responses to minimum wages is associated with the elasticity of capital-labor substitution. Moreover, industries employ more workers informally if they cannot exercise capital-labor substitution easily. In line with the revealed unemployment among youth and informalization of the economy induced by the intervention, the findings show limited income effects of the policy.<br>


Karst moss is a unique ecosystem,which provide good environment for abundant biodiversity of epiphyte aquatic protozoan community.Forty-eight samples and specimens of epiphyte aquatic protozoan were collected from 8 aquatic mosses at active karst deposit sites in Xiangzhigou area of Guiyang from 26 November 2006 to 26 January 2007.It is found that(1) the aquatic protozoa communities consists of thirty-six taxa in twenty-six genera and twenty-four families;(2) the groups of ecological function include: Photosynthetic autotrophs(P groups,25%),Bactivores detritivores(B groups,44.44%),Saprotrophs(S groups,2.78%),Algivores(A groups,11.11%),Nonselective omnivores(N groups,11.11%) and Raptors(R groups,5.56%);(3) according to the characteristics of karst water,substrates and mosses,four ecological types and eight sub-types of aquatic protozoa communities can be distinguished.


In order to evaluate the quality of Tagetes ercta petals, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used for obtaining vibrational spectra of the petals of Tagetes ercta. Compared with the spectra of petals and lutein, the result showed the spectra in the range of 1500~1000 cm-1 was very similar. By researched the absorption peaks at 1152 cm-1, 1095 cm-1, 1050 cm-1, 1023 cm-1 in the spectra of petals were originated from lutein. So the relative absorption strength of the four peaks could reflected the content of lutein in the petals of Tagetes ercta. The results showed FTIR spectroscopy can provide valuable information about the lutein in the petals of Tagetes ercta. It could be used as a reference method for evaluate the quality of Tagetes ercta petals.


Last week, Pfizer announced it would stop work on bococizumab, a monoclonal antibody designed to inhibit the cholesterol regulator proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) because of w...


Containerless melting and solidification requires a sample that is in some way suspended, or levitated against gravity, away from contact with any containing walls. There are several ways of achieving this goal, as given in earlier chapters. In the case of electromagnetic levitation, the lifting/confining force is commonly provided using a medium/high-frequency AC current positioning coil. An opposing eddy current develops within the sample, which in this case needs to be electrically conducting; the interaction of the coil and induced currents leads to the repelling Lorentz force. Other interactions follow as a consequence: assuming that the sample is an alloy melt, the Lorentz force also drives convection within it and the induced current generates resistive heat in a sample of finite conductivity. These two effects have a bearing on how solidification proceeds and therefore it is important that they are accurately represented in any mathematical model of the process.


By comparing SCTP with TCP, the main features of SCTP such as multi-homing, multi-streaming, message-oriented and two important protocol extensions, partial reliability and dynamic address reconfiguration, are analyzed. Some possible applications of SCTP other than signal transmission are discussed: constructing remote real time system over public mobile communication network with SCTP, implementing some traditional applications with SCTP to improve service performance and using mobile SCTP as a soft handover management scheme to support Internet mobility.


The antifungals used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis, although effective, can have side effects and high cost, which may not occur with the medicinal use of ozone. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of medicinal home ozone therapy on C. albicans. The experiment was carried out in vitro, cultivating C. albicans in 10mm Petri dishes, containing solid Agar Sabour and Dextrose (Oxoid). The in vivo experiment used 45-day-old female C57/BL6 mice and after suppression of ovarian activity, 20 µL of C. albicans suspension in sterile PBS, at a concentration of 105 yeast cells, were inoculated in a single dose under anesthesia. Distribution occurred in 4 groups: (i) Absolute Control Group (GCA): Not subjected to infection by the pathogen. (ii) Control Group (CG): Submitted to C. albicans infection, but not treated. (iii) Ozone Therapy Group (GO): Subjected to infection and treated with medicinal ozone therapy. (iv) Lavage Group (GL): Subjected to infection and subsequently treated with vaginal lavage. It was found that GC had a higher amount of CFU when compared to GO. Exposure for 600s was able to reduce the number of CFUs by 98.89% when compared to GC. The study concludes that ozone gas showed great efficacy in the proliferation of C. albicans in vitro. The best results were observed with application in liquid medium, however, ozone therapy was able to significantly reduce infection in the experimental model used. In in vivo experiments, the number of CFU/ml found was lower in the ozone-treated group.


Chromaticity correction is a part of optics corrections, which takes an important role to control both the dynamic aperture and the strength of synchro-beta resonance. Whenever the linear optics is changed to control the emittance, etc, the chromaticity correction i.e. sextupole settings must be re-optimized. In this paper, we present new method to find chromaticity correction parameters to maximize the dynamic aperture and minimize the synchro-beta resonance.