In this work are shown different phases needed for the local seismic hazard evaluation of test site of Varzi, northern Apennine, Italy. This area has been divided in a preliminary step into morphologic units through photo interpretation and direct survey. Than, the subsequent collection of subsurface data and accurate terrain survey has permitted to discriminate different engineering-geologic homogeneous units. A 3D model of the subsurface has been than created through specific software. In association to this phase several surveys of ambient noise has been made in order to define the proper frequency of soils, and to verify the applicability of this technique to the geological context of the area, other than define possible correlations with classical probing methods. The urban area of Varzi, located in the Oltrepo Pavese (Northern Italy) was chosen as test site and it can be considered as geologically representative of a large part of the Northern Apennines. The downtown of the city has an area of 4.5 km 2 and is mainly located on the right side of the Staffora River (tributary of the Po river). The most important tectonic structure is the Villalvernia-Varzi Line (VVL). The VVL, defined as a dextral transpressive system (2), separates two structurally quite different areas. In the south, the Tertiary Piedmont Basin (TPB) is represented by upper Eocene - lower Miocene sedimentary sequence with a synclinal structure. In the north, where is located the urban area of Varzi, the Voghera Apennine is characterised by the presence of deformed sedimentary sequences of lower Cretaceous to Pliocene age. The VVL is probably connected to past tectonic activity (3). The most important seismic sequences (1828 and 1945), are between 5th and 8th grade of intensity on MCS scale. The geomorphologic setting of the area is controlled by the geological and structural conditions and the landscape evolution is essentially controlled by mass-movements (translational and rotational slides evolving into earth flows). The bottom of the valley shows three levels of alluvial terraces and fossil alluvial fans belonging to the main tributaries of Staffora River. The thickness of the alluvial deposits varies from about 2 m to 15 m. Silty clay and clayey silty deposits constitute the first layer of alluvial deposits; the underlying layers consist, from top to bottom, of gravel and Tertiary bedrock (Chaotic Complex in the western sector and flysch formations consisting of alternating layers of clay shales with calcareous arenaceous marls in the eastern sector). Slopes in the


Regularities of immune system reactions in response to the traumatic open fractures of the mandible are given in the article. It was established, that the quantitative changes of T- and B-indexes of immune system suggest about multidirectional influence of trauma on its individual parts and have age features. Suppression of T-cell immunity is most expressed in patients older than 40 years, that can be explained by age-related changes of adaptive reactions in the direction a decrease in their intensity. Violation of humoral immunity appear by tension in her work, which was confirmed by hyper production of basic classes of immunoglobulin, except IgM stable concentrations in patients whose age was 30–39 years.  The results of quantitative changes indexes of the immune system indicate that the first seven days after the trauma are the most dangerous in terms of the immune deficiency formation, this period needs immunocorrective treatment of patients according to the age. Key words: mandibular fractures, the reaction of the immune system, age features.


Cucumber plants grew in nutrient solution under different NO3(superscript -) concentration for 7 d at hydroponic system. The changes of photosynthesis rate and related parameters in cucumber seedling leaves were studied in order to reveal the response mechanism of the photosynthetic functions of plants to NO3(superscript -) stress in cucumber seedling. The results indicated that when available NO3(superscript -) concentration was low (14 to 98 mmol/L NO3(superscript -)), the net photosynthesis rate (Pn), light saturation point (LSP), earboxylation efficiency (CE), number of starch grains and absolute increment of leaf area were increased by proper supplement of NO3(superscript -). Supplement of NO3(superscript -) at appropriate range improved the accumulation of photosynthates and the growth of plants. With further increase of NO(superscript - subscript 3) concentration (> 98 mmol/L NO3(superscript -) in the medium, the pigment contents in cucumber seedling leaves were lower; the apparent quantum yield (AQY), Pn, LSP, CE all significantly decreased compared to control. When NO(superscript - subscript 3) concentration increased to as high as 182 mmol/L, the ultrastmcture of chloroplasts were damaged, and the number of grana in cells and number of lamellae in granas, the number of starch grains in cells as well as starch grain size all decreased. Leaf area was reduced and dry weight was significantly lower than that of control plants. Consequently, the capabilities of cucumber seedlings using light and CO2 were lower than control. Factors caused reduction of Pn was no-stomatal limitation because mesophyll cell were damaged.


AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis via effects on multiple downstream targets. Firstly, we discovered the mechanism by which AMPK antagonizes hepatic glucagon signalling, which is elevated in type 2 diabetes and participates in the establishment of hyperglycaemia. We identified cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) as a novel AMPK substrate in liver. AMPK phosphorylates PDE4B at several sites leading to its activation, decreasing cyclic AMP levels and downstream PKA signalling induced by glucagon. Secondly, we clarified how AMPK activation leads to decreased protein synthesis. It is known that AMPK downregulates protein translation by inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activation of elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), a kinase that phosphorylates and inhibits the essential translation factor eEF2. We showed how eEF2K is controlled by cytosolic Ca2+, mTORC1 and AMPK. We identified a new phosphorylation ...


This project attempts to gain a better understanding of anxiety and reviews information regarding anxiety. It reviews Adlerian approaches for treating anxiety, and a review of recently published Adlerian research regarding anxiety is presented. This paper proposes that music is a creative tool that can be used as a component in some Adlerian psychotherapeutic and counseling processes for treating anxiety. A literature review of research papers regarding the use of music as a therapeutic tool for symptoms of anxiety is presented. Examples of the possible uses of music to address symptoms of anxiety during the process of Adlerian psychotherapy and counseling are offered. ADLERIAN APPROACH FOR ANXIETY REDUCTION USING MUSIC 3 Adlerian Approach for Anxiety Reduction Using Music as a Therapeutic Tool Technologies, in the twenty-first century, have brought all of us in the world closer together with easy and rapid communication possibilities on portable, electronic devices. However, tried and true ways of carrying out the tasks of life are challenged and require rapid adaptation or change to meet the new, faster, ways of electronic function and connectedness. Swenson (2004) in Margin, explained that the rate of change in the world is increasing, no longer on a gradual incline, but now is increasing exponentially. "The fear of rapid change is big today. Many people can handle a certain amount of change. The problem is we are increasingly being overloaded with more change than we can handle", stated Gabe Ignatow, Ph.D., sociologist at the University of North Texas, (Sweat, 2010, p. 5) . Documentation of the verified cases of anxiety in the United States of America, over a twelve-month period, reveals large numbers of persons suffering from anxiety. Recent data from Kessler, Chiu, Demler, and Walters (2005), published by the National Institute of Mental Health (2015), stated that 40 million U.S. citizens met the criteria for a diagnosable anxiety disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder, whose essential feature is excessive anxiety and worry that persists for six months or more, was diagnosed in 6.8 million U.S. citizens. With the increased rate of societal change and large numbers of persons diagnosed with anxiety disorders, it is important to gain understanding and skills to best assist persons who request assistance in dealing with feeling overwhelmed and unable to cope with the tasks of life. This master's project attempts to gain a better understanding of anxiety and reviews information regarding anxiety, Adlerian approaches for treating anxiety, and the use of music as a tool in the therapeutic process of treating anxiety. A review of Adlerian research published regarding anxiety is discussed. Music can be a therapeutic tool for reducing anxiety and ADLERIAN APPROACH FOR ANXIETY REDUCTION USING MUSIC 4 establishing rapport as well as in building skills in communication, expression, and social skills, (Gfeller & Thaut, 1999). This paper proposes that music is a creative tool that can be used as a component to some Adlerian psychotherapeutic and counseling processes. A literature review of research papers regarding the use music as a therapeutic tool is presented. Examples of the possible uses of music to address symptoms of anxiety during the process of Adlerian psychotherapy and counseling are offered. To be ethically clear of the author's intentions, it is important to note that although many of the research papers regarding the effect of music to reduce anxiety were authored by music therapists, there is no presumption by this author to promote the idea that music therapy is practiced in any way in this project. The ideas, presented in this paper for uses of music as creative tools, are suggestions for practicing Adlerians, and not to be used out of one's scope of training. The American Music Therapy Association (2015) defined music therapy as the use of music interventions by a credentialed music therapist to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship (p. 1). Generalized Anxiety Disorder Anxiety and stress are natural parts of the human survival instinct. The basic human instinctual response to fear or threat is either to stay and fight, to run away to safety, or to be frozen with fear and play dead. During the process of living in modern society, persons have developed ways of responding to fear or threat, depending on their individual physical, mental and emotional abilities to cope or not. Worry or anxiety often accompany a person's perception that a situation or demand exceeds their current physical, mental, or emotional resources (Lazarus, 1966, 1981; Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). An overview of anxiety disorders and more complete information regarding Generalized Anxiety Disorder follow. ADLERIAN APPROACH FOR ANXIETY REDUCTION USING MUSIC 5 In The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th ed. (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), the section on Anxiety Disorders began with a general overview and description of all anxiety disorders: All shared features of excessive fear and anxiety related to behavioral disturbances. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat. These two features overlap but also differ. Fear is more often associated with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight, thoughts of immediate danger, and escape behaviors. Anxiety is more often associated with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future danger and cautious or avoidant behaviors. The anxiety disorders differ from one another in the types of objects or situations that induce fear, anxiety, or avoidance behavior, and the associated cognitive ideation. Thus, while the anxiety disorders tend to be highly comorbid with each other, they can be differentiated by close examination of the types of situations that are feared or avoided and the content of the associated thoughts or beliefs, and persist for six months or more. (pp. 189-190) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry (concern that something bad is going to happen), about several life tasks, that lasts over six months or longer. The person has trouble controlling the worry. The anxiety and worry are associated with three or more of the following symptoms that have been experienced more days than not during the last six months: feeling on edge, keyed up, or restless; being easily fatigued; mind going blank or having difficulty concentrating; irritability; tenseness in muscles; having difficulty sleeping or staying asleep. These symptoms and anxiety or worry are so prevalent that ADLERIAN APPROACH FOR ANXIETY REDUCTION USING MUSIC 6 they impair normal functioning or cause great distress (American Psychiatric Association, 2013p. 222). The associated features of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) may include trembling, twitching, sweating, nausea, feeling out of breath, having to go to the bathroom frequently, and hot flashes. The symptoms may increase or decrease depending on the person's level of anxiety. Females are twice as likely as men to develop GAD, (Seedat, Scott, & Angermeyer, 2009). Persons of European descent are more likely to develop GAD than persons of non-European descent, (Lewis-Fernandez, Hinton, & Laria, 2010). The disturbance is not caused by drugs or another disorder. Treatment for GAD usually includes psychotherapy, medication, or both (NIMH, 2015). The life time morbid risk for GAD is 9.0% (Kessler, Petukhova, & Sampson, 2012; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Generalized Anxiety Disorder best fits the characterization of worry, anxiousness, and fear of inability to cope with future situations related to technology and the accelerated rate of changes in society. With the reality of continued rapid rates of change to all aspects of life, it seems obvious to presume that Adlerians will have increasing numbers of clients requesting help in dealing with symptoms of anxiety, and feeling unable to cope successfully with the rapid changes in their lives. It seems appropriate at this point to investigate Adler's thoughts about anxiety. He devoted a section of a book to defining anxiety and mentioned anxiety in his description of the neurotic character and lack of connection to the world. Adler's Definitions of Neurosis and Anxiety Adler (1927, 1998) described anxiety as a nonaggressive character trait in Understanding


Marigold is one of the most important commercially grown loose flower crops in India. It is used as loose flower or to make garlands, which are extensively used in the religious and social functions. Marigold is broadly classified into two groups, viz., African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and French marigold (Tagetes patula L.). About 342000 ha of area is under floriculture producing 1760000 MT of loose flowers and 769000 MT of cut flowers annually (2017-18 advanced estimates). In order to sustain the growth the floriculture sector must constantly innovate to produce novel products. To meet the objective RBD and CACP tools were used for data analysis. The result shows the T7 perform better in both way i.e. growth aspects as well as economically.


Summary. Lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) could be induced to exhibit cytotoxicity against Chang target cells. This reactivity was provoked by transformed nuclear material, whereas stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or Concanavalin A (Con.A) had no significant effect.


$I\ensuremath{-}V$ characteristics of the high-${T}_{c}$ superconductor ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{1}{\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ shows a strong hysteresis, producing many branches. The origin of hysteresis jumps is studied by use of the model of multilayered Josephson junctions proposed by one of the authors (T.K.). The charging effect at superconducting layers produces a coupling between the next-nearest-neighbor phase differences, which determines the structure of hysteresis branches. It will be shown that a solution of phase motions is understood as a combination of rotating and oscillating phase differences, and that, at points of hysteresis jumps, there occurs a change in the number of rotating phase differences. Effects of dissipation are analyzed. The dissipation in insulating layers works to damp the phase motion itself, while the dissipation in superconducting layers works to damp relative motions of phase differences. Their effects to hysteresis jumps are discussed.


Micro-flocculation Continuous sand filtration were used to treat mining area's domestic sewage,this study investigated the effect of filter material'size,sand filter's depth;filtering velocity;sand circulation velocity as well as medicament dose on the SS removal.The results indicated that when the filter material'size was bout 0.8~1.0 mm;the depth of sand filter was about 1.0~1.2 m;sand circulation velocity was about 2~4 mm/min;PAC dose was about 20~25 mg/L,the effluent'SS was less than 5 mg/L,the removal rate arrived at 94.5%.


In the oil separating structure for separating oil mist from the piston ring leakage of gas from the crankcase, the filter can be well off the oil, to prevent the clogging of the mesh and reduce the maintenance frequency. For this purpose a filter configured for separating oil (4), the piston ring from the top down a gas leak through the filter (4). In other words, through the configuration from the lower surface of the filter (4) is introduced into the piston ring leakage of gas in the filter (4), and which passes through the gravity direction from the lower surface is substantially uniform. From the lower surface of the filter (4) passing through the piston ring leakage of gas returned to the intake side, while the oil droplets were trapped oil falls from the lower surface of the filter (4) by the filter (4), and then return to the crankcase.


In this paper, Small Hydro Plant (SHP) of 1.3 MW is simulated with two conventional PID controllers in excitation system and governor to enhance the capability to handle the transiency of the generator. Excitation voltage control and turbine speed control are the two basic control schemes, to regulate reactive power or terminal voltage and real power or frequency respectively. The selection parameters of the PID controllers are significant to enhance the performance of the system. Quasi Oppositional Based Lightning Search Algorithm (QOLSA) is validated in this paper to optimize the PID controllers over LSA and PSO. Renewable energy source like SHP is environment friendly and very imperative to meet the vigorously growing load demand. The simulation of the SHP is established in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Finally, QOLSA optimized PID controller contributes better control in terminal voltage and power over LSA and PSO algorithms.   Citation:  Kaushaley, S., and Shaw, B. (2018). Transient Analysis of Quasi Oppositional Based Lightning Search Algorithm Optimized PID Controller in Isolated Small Hydro Power Plant. Trends in Renewable Energy, 4, 34-43. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2018.4.3.0048


Abstract:This paper critically analyses the experience of the Irish government in implementing bilateral aid to a conflict-prone country, Sudan, from the mid-1970s to the late 1990s. It illustrates the shifting patterns of Irish bilateral aid to Sudan from first-generation (modernisation) activities to second-and third-generation activities that focused on basic needs and civil society. The paper demonstrates that after a poor beginning, the Irish were successful in carrying out effective, poverty-focused development activities, despite ongoing conflict in many parts of the country. Finally, the paper reviews the possibilities for and difficulties inherent in new potential engagements in Sudan in the event of a successful peace agreement in the south of the country, particularly given the current military conflict and humanitarian crisis in western Sudan.


The generalized principle of superposition in linear electric circuits is formulated as follows: the response in a linear electric circuit is equal to a linear combination of two partial responses obtained with and without an independent source, during connection and disconnection of a resistor, and when a controlled source is replaced by a nullor and neutralized. The superposition formulas are generalized for an arbitrary number of elements and can be used both for experimental studies and in numerical calculations.


This article takes as its case Raul Ortega Ayala's The Last Supper, a theatrically staged "re-enactment" of the iconic Passover seder. In each iteration, Ortega Ayala cooks and serves a menu, derived from historical culinary research, to 12 volunteers in an art gallery setting. The meal is professionally documented, and witnessed by an audience. Following the performance, an edited video of the happening is played in a loop alongside the material remains of the meal, including the leftover food. Over time, the leftovers rot and the smell of the mould and fungi dominate the gallery. A "hybrid" analytic framework for performative art practices that also exist in material forms focuses on the force of the interaction between artist and material rather than privileging either the object, document or the body of the artist. This frame considers the life of the art work over the cycle of production and consumption, and argues for the limits of material agency in the face of our deep investment in human consciousness — we "make" and "choose" in ways that things cannot. But in omitting the "post-consumption" of the event, processes of preservation, recycling, disposal and rot disappear from view. Reading critical food studies of the post-consumption and waste cycles through Ortega Ayala's The Last Supper, I argue that performance relies on the perceptual magic of disappearance to purify our acts, relieving us of ethical considerations of human and artistic agency. I suggest that creating "leftovers" is part of a thoughtful performance cycle, an ecology that requires preservation and care for continued life.


The invention discloses a steel structure purlin. The purlin comprises an I-shaped girder, wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs are sequentially formed in notches in two sides of the girder along a cylinder body at intervals; strip-shaped grooves are formed in transverse plates on two sides of the I-shaped girder, and slide blocks capable of sliding along the strip-shaped grooves are arranged in the strip-shaped grooves; every two reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected with one slide block; the reinforcing ribs are arranged in the notches in two sides of the girder in an inverted V shape; adjusting devices are arranged outside the transverse plates on two sides of the I-shaped girder, and are connected with the slide blocks. According to the steel structure purlin, the integral tensile and bending strength can be improved, and the strength required by different purlins can be realized by changing angles of the reinforcing ribs.


IN its report published in this issue of the Journal the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) tells us that foreign-born graduates of foreign medical schools (mainly Asian) do very poorly on ...


Objective:To observe the clinical application value of selective arterial embolism in obstetric department.Methods:Nineteen patients who underwent selective arterial embolism in obstetric department of the hospital were analyzed retrospectively,all the patients underwent right femoral artery puncture and intubation,bilateral internal iliac artery angiography via Seldinger technique,after defining the positions,stopping blood supply by super-selective bilateral uterine artery intubation and infusion of gel foam uterine artery embolism or internal iliac artery embolism were performed.Results:After embolism,bleeding was stopped among the patients with hemorrhage,induced abortion succeeded among the patients with placenta previa,no recurrent bleeding and severe complications occurred.Conclusion:Selective artery embolism is a minimally invasive and effective method for obstetric patients.


In this study flat plate structures designed only for gravity load were retrofitted against earthquake load using various methods and their seismic performances were evaluated to verify the effect of the seismic retrofit. Both the element level retrofit scheme such as column jacketing and the system level scheme such as installing steel braces between columns were employed. The nonlinear static and dynamic analysis results showed that both strength and stiffness were enhanced as a result of the seismic retrofit. Among the retrofit schemes steel braces were most effective in increasing stiffness as well as strength, and the effectiveness depended on the size of additional steel columns connected to the braces. Also the effect of column jacketing was significantly increased when the critical section of column-slab connection was reinforced by steel plate.


Dissolution Behavior and Structural Changes of Silk Fibroin in Calcium Chloride-Ethanol-Water Solvent Systems CHEN Jia-hong, JIANG Hong-rui, YU Lian, WANG Cheng-hua, ZHAO Mou-ming, LIU Xiao-ling (Institute of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China) Abstract: Conditions for the transformation of insoluble silk fibroin into soluble regenerated silk fibroin and the effect of structural changes in silk fibroin on its solubility were examined to enable preparation of soluble silk fibroin for use in food products. The effects of solvent system, temperature, salt concentration, and ethanol concentration on the dissolution of silk fibroin, as assessed by dissolution time and the nitrogen solubility index of the regenerated silk fibroin, were analyzed. The results showed that insoluble silk fibroin could be dissolved in calcium chloride-ethanol-water systems; soaking of silk fibroin in a solution of 4 mol/L calcium chloride and 30% (V/V) ethanol and heating at 95 °Cfor 9 min led to complete dissolution, and the nitrogen solubility index of the regenerated silk fibroin reached 91%. Structural changes in silk fibroin upon dissolution were also examined using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy. In the calcium chloride-ethanol-water system, interactions between silk fibroin and water gradually increased in strength, the silk fibroin fibers swelled and gradually broke into a lamellar shape, and the crystal structure of the silk fibroin was destroyed. In solution, the structure of the regenerated silk fibroin changed from a β-sheet structure to a random coil structure, resulting in an improvement in solubility.


In this paper we reviewed the models of volatility for a group of five Latin American countries, mainly motivated by the recent periods of financial turbulence. Our results based on high frequency data suggest that Dynamic multivariate models are more powerful to study the volatilities of asset returns than Constant Conditional Correlation models. For the group of countries included, we identified that domestic volatilities of asset markets have been increasing; but the co-volatility of the region is still moderate.


The entity of osteitis condensans ilii is first mentioned in the English literature in 1936 (1). Since that time there have been several good reviews of the subject (2, 3). It has been impossible however, to settle upon a definite etiology or constant clinical picture. The few aspects which seem to be relatively established are the radiological picture, the age and sex incidence, and the pathological picture. The purpose of this paper is to contribute some clarifying information regarding the prognosis. Nineteen cases of osteitis condensans ilii seen at Duke University Medical Center, in the years 1940 to 1958, were obtained from the x-ray museum file. These did not represent all of the cases seen during the period but only those cases placed in the teaching collection because of their roentgen appearance. The radiological criteria for diagnosis were: (a) the presence of a homogeneous triangular area of increased density involving the ilium adjacent to the sacroiliac joint and located at the lower border ...


ABSTRACT Total and sequentially extracted fractions (exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to iron and manganese oxides, bound to organic matter and residual) of eight heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb) were estimated in rhizosphere sediment along with their accumulation in roots and leaves of Phoenix paludosa plants at Dhamra estuary. The Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rhizosphere sediments were 162.2, 563.3, 289.1, 228.8, 31,524.3, 475.5, 8.5 and 256.8 mg/kg, respectively. For almost all the heavy metals, sequential extraction estimation showed residual>bound to iron and manganese>bound to organic matter>bound to carbonate>exchangeable fractions. Exceptionally very high residual Cr (77.36%) and organic matter-bound Cd fraction (41.10%) highlighted the sedimentary mine run-off and industrial activities as their main source of pollution, respectively. Phoenix paludosa exhibited maximum bio-concentration (0.34), bio-accumulation (0.51) and translocation (0.50) factor for Cd. The primary results revealed the phyto-accumulation behaviour of different heavy metals in Phoenix paludosa and showed its relatively higher remediation potential for Cd and Cr pollution. In view of the above facts, heavy metals-polluted estuarine sites can be remediated through afforestation of Phoenix paludosa plant species.


Petrogenetic, geochemical studies and isotope age determinations of flood basalts, dolerites, trachybasalts, picrite-basalts, rapakiwi granites, layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions and also alkaline and carbonatite magmatiс complexes of the western zones of the Urals, along with coeval magmatic complexes of adjacent and faraway territories permits to put forward a preliminary list of objects – "candidates" at attribution to Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). Their petro-geochemical properties distinguish them from MOR and subduction types; they are characterized by wide areas of development, very short periods of activity and independence of their areas from earlier geological structures.


Abstract In this paper the liquid-liquid and gas separation properties for the separation of hazardous organic feed streams using pervaporation and gas separation methods with poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene] based membranes are reported. Liquid transport behavior was determined using pervaporation techniques. The preliminary gas separations were studied using a mixed gas separation method which we have described previously. Using the membrane pervaporation technique, separation factors of 10,000 have been routinely achieved for the separation of methylene chloride from water. Other tests have shown similar results for the removal of hydrocarbon vapors from air. Membranes were prepared using solution casting techniques. Solvent evaporation rates during the casting and subsequent curing processes were controlled to provide a consistent membrane microstructure. These results suggest that polyphosphazene membrane technology could effectively be used in cleaning up air and ground water that has been contaminated...


This paper explores how co-design activities in schools can contribute to developing children's empathy. A pilot case study is presented in which eight 10- to 12-year-old children participated. The design theme was outdoor education. After discussing the co-design procedure, preliminary results about three empathic techniques are discussed: (1) reflection on the role of empathy in design, (2) storytelling to introduce the design challenge, and (3) defining the needs and wishes of the story's protagonists. The lessons learned are taken into account in a comprehensive follow-up study.


S INCE the first report by Hunte r in 1762, arteriovenous fistulas involving major blood vessels have been described in almost every area of the body. However, it has only been in recent years that a differentiation has been established between the congenital and traumatic origin of these fistulas. Congenital fistulas have not often been reported; those occurring in the major blood vessels of the neck have been reported even less frequently. This is a report of such a case.


Recently, it was announced in the financial section of the nation's newspapers that cimetidine had surpassed diazepam as the leading moneymaker among prescription drugs. Although cimetidine is a very effective drug in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, severe reflux esophagitis, and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (l), it is being extensively administered in clinical states where the indications are less clear. In the latter category is its use in treatment of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding from esophageal varices. A retrospective chart review at our hospital for 1979 to 1981 revealed that 76% of patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophagogastric varices received cimetidine during the acute episode of bleeding. An informal survey of practice patterns at several other centers involved in treatment of large numbers of patients with cirrhosis and bleeding varices disclosed a similar practice. The presumed indication for the use of cimetidine is reduction in acid reflux leading to esophagitis and initiation or maintenance of variceal hemorrhage. There is abundant evidence that esophagitis plays little, if any, role in initiating esophageal variceal bleeding. Several investigators have demonstrated that patients with cirrhosis and advanced portal hypertension have normal lower esophageal sphincter pressures and no increase in esophageal reflux when compared to control populations (2-5). These observations are supported by a recent report in Hepatology by Ponce et al. (6) demonstrating absence of histologic changes in the esophageal mucosa from I1 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices who underwent esophageal resection for variceal bleeding. In examining 85 esophageal rings obtained during stapling transection of the esophagus for bleeding varices, Johnston also failed to find histologic evidence of inflammation or erosion (7). Whether precipitation of variceal bleeding is related to the size of the varix, as suggested by Lebrec et al. (8) or to portal pressure, as suggested by Viallet et al. (9, lo), the evidence is strongly in favor of the "explosion theory" as opposed to the "erosion theory" as the initiating event in variceal hemorrhage. Therefore, if cimetidine were to be effective in the treatment or prevention of variceal hemorrhage, it would have to decrease portal pressure or cause local vasoconstriction in the lower esophagus; there is no evidence to support either of these effects.


Board of director member diversity has an impact on the functions each director successfully provides. Appropriate and necessary board member capabilities differ between small and large firms. Although these differences seem apparent, current research has favored studies related to large firms and neglected those related to board member needs of small firms. Grounded in Agency Theory and Resource Dependence Theory, the following manuscript theoretically suggests that firm size moderates the relationship between board member diversity and the two primary functions (monitoring and the provision of resources) of board members. Furthermore, small firms can enhance performance through appropriate member composition in differing ways than large firms.


Abstract In this paper, we examine moral judgments about different entities including individuals, corporations, nonprofits, and governments following a transgression. Although there is some research examining inferences about groups, there is little work addressing attributions about institutional entities such as governments. Across six studies we found that moral character judgments are greater for governmental entities compared to other entities. This effect was driven by moral licensing and the values one shares with the government. The finding was not caused by intuitions about paternalism, the relative age of governments compared to other entities, and was also not explained by nationalism or system justification. Discussion centers on implications of the data for moral licensing theory and moral attribution.


Increasing concern about the effect of anaesthesia on the infant and young child is being raised by healthcare practitioners, as well as the public. Immature neurons exposed to anaesthesia may lead to apoptosis and long-term neurobehavioural deficits in animals. The majority of anaesthetic agents work by influencing the gamma-aminobutyric acid or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and may induce animal neuroapoptosis. The search for neuroprotective strategies to reverse or counteract the effect of anaesthesia has not been very successful so far. Dexmedetomidine is an α2-adrenergic receptor and may have neuroprotective effects. Available human studies have failed to prove any long-term neurobehavioural deficiencies caused by anaesthetic exposure. Large international prospective studies are currently underway that may change the practice of paediatric and obstetric anaesthesiologists in the future.


A computational algorithm for the optimal control of the coupled system of lumped parameter and distributed parameter subsystems is developed by using a gradient method in a function space. In this method, an approximation of a distributed parameter subsystem by a lumped parameter one is not necessary, and in principle an arbitrarily close solution to the true optimal control could be obtained. Examples are, given to show the effectiveness of the developed method.


A single-arm helical antenna with the width of the arm varying periodically for a circularly polarised (CP) tilted beam is introduced. The proposed antenna radiates a CP tilted beam, when the following two conditions are met: (i) the circumference of the proposed antenna is >4λ 0/3 (λ 0 is the wavelength in free space at the centre frequency) and (ii) the width of the arm varies periodically. The designed procedure reveals that the maximum radiation direction of the tilted beam is not sensitive to a change in frequency. The simulated and measured results show that the designed antenna radiates a CP tilted beam with θ max = 32°. The measured 10 dB return loss bandwidth is 12.8% from 2.33 to 2.65 GHz, and the experimental results of the radiation pattern, gain and axial ratio are also presented.


University can be a tumultuous time for many students, bringing new opportunities, responsibilities, and independence into the forefront of our lives. This time of significant life change and can be stressful enough as is, but when you add grief and loss into the equation, things can become quickly overwhelming. Death is not given space in public discourse, resulting in a greater society that is in denial of the realities of loss, how it affects us and the inevitability that we will experience it in our lives. With the supervision of Dr. Dan Vena, I have created an online resource, Conversations with Death, designed to fill the gap on our campus, and provide critical, comprehensive and diverse information under the umbrella of grief, death and dying to stimulate open conversation and curiosity amongst our student body. Through consultations with various industry professionals such as funeral directors, charity organizers, death doulas, professors, and chaplains, I created various sections of this resource including international funeral practices, death positivity, body disposition, helpful grief practices and more. Furthermore, throughout this website there are a plethora of resources for students to investigate, whether this is for grief support or curiosity to learn more. By showcasing this resource, I wish to communicate how critical death education and death positivity are to creating a community on the Queen's University campus where students are encouraged to be open about their experiences with death and grief while being supported by their peers and the university.


.......................................................................................................... I CONTENTS..........................................................................................................V LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................VIII LIST OF TABLES ...............................................................................................IX INTRODUCTION................................................................................................10 MATERIALS AND METHODS..........................................................................17 1. Materials ........................................................................................17 2. Methods .........................................................................................18 2.1. Experimental design for heat-moisture treatment..................18 2.2. Preparation of heat-moisture treated starches........................21 2.3. Preparation of alcoholic-alkaline treated HMT starches........22 2.4. Determination of apparent amylose content..........................25 2.5. In vitro digestibility of starch ...............................................26 2.6. Determination of thermal properties .....................................27 2.7. Analyses of X-ray diffraction patterns and relative crystallinity ...................................................................................................28 2.8. Cold water solubility (CWS) measurement...........................28


Ripening and procedures of highly enriched and specialized oil in Fuerte avocado (persea americana Mill.) during storage at 20 o C were investigated. Three different harvest dates (early, middle and late) of avocado fruits were evaluated. Fruits were collected in first November, December and January of the season 2007 - 2008 at one-month intervals. Samples were kept for 7 days under controlled temperature (20 o C) to ripe. Fruit quality, ripening properties, oil characteristics, fatty acid composition of avocado fruit as well as a comparison between avocado and olive (cv. Coratina) oils were investigated with respect to the harvesting and postharvest (ripening) period. The dry matter (DM) of Fuerte avocado fruits were increased gradually, while, fruit firmness (FF), soluble solid concentration (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) showed a gradual and significant decrease during the various dates of harvest and ripening period at 20 o C, respectively. Skin fruit color had a slight significant differences between color parameters L*, a*, b* and Chroma (C*) and Hue angle ( h*) values. Respiration rate had a significant increase at the different harvest dates reaching its peak value at 1 st Dec. and finally decreased. Oil characteristics (oil content (OC), acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), color index (CI), refractive index (RI) and fatty acid composition (FA)) of avocado oils at different harvest dates and ripening at 20 o C were discussed. Oil content of Fuerte avocado fruit was increased to the 1 st Dec. then decreased at the 1 st Jan., Meanwhile, the oil content of Coratina olive was increased from the 1 st Nov. to the 1 st Jan. The AV of Fuerte and Coratina cultivars decreased, meanwhile PV increased. There was a change in the unsaturation character (IV) for Fuerte and Coratina varieties. RI had no noticeable change occur during all of the months for both varieties. Oleic and linolenic acids showed increase values in avocado oil in comparison with olive oil. Moreover, Palmitic and linoleic acids, showed high value in olive oil than avocado oil.


An unbalanced current protection relay (60C, 51NC) cannot operate fast enough to avoid catastrophic failure against high system fault currents within capacitor units because a traditional unbalanced current protection relay is not capable of classifying the transient fault current and switching inrush current. This article proposes a new algorithm for the detection and classification of these transient current signals. Simulations are performed using PSCAD/EMTDC programs. The outputs of the current signals are used as inputs for the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) process. The wavelet-based fault and inrush current detection and classification unit receive the captured transient current signals and use DWT to detect and analyze these signals. Actual inrush current signals from an experimental setup and shunt capacitor banks of 115 kV, 22 kV, and 6.6 kV are used to verify the proposed algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm provides good performance and accuracy in identifying faults and inrush currents.


The invention relates to a monitoring machine case, which comprises the following parts: a case body, a machine case cover, and a switch power supply, wherein a cavity for accommodating a CPU card and various functional module cards is formed inside the case body; the machine case cover is arranged separately with the case body and capable of forming an airtight space after being combined with the case body; the switch power supply is arranged in the case body and used for supplying electric power to the CPU card and the various functional cards; guide rail frames are arranged in pairs in thecase body and are arranged in parallel with the side wall of the case body; each pair of the guide rail frames is correspondingly provided with a plurality of guide rails, the CPU card and the various functional cards are made into module cards which are matched with the width of the guide rails respectively, and the module cards can be inserted into the guide rails and are mutually matched with the guide rails so that the module cards in the monitoring machine case can be changed flexibly by a user according to use occasions and actual needs to change the configuration and the function of a monitoring host computer. The monitoring machine case provides a more practical widening platform for the monitoring host computer, and different types of host computers can use the same monitoring machine case; therefore, the production cost and the design cost are reduced.


Fruit trees exhibit two major multiannual reproductive strategies (Goldschmidt, 2013). First the regular bearer one, the amount of fruit produced allows a sufficient amount of vegetative growth to support production of an ample number of flowers during the following year (return bloom). They are characterized by a relatively stable multiannual yield, and usually possess efficient mechanism(s) to control excess fruit production. In the biennial bearer ones, that bears a heavy fruit load (ONCrop) in one year, which inhibits return bloom and vegetative growth the next year (Monselise and Goldschmidt, 1982) i.e. second year is characterized by low yield (OFF-Crop) and high vegetative growth and they are usually characterized by low selfthinning ability (Goldschmidt, 2013).


The aim of this study is to examine a role of kusho behavior in remembering English spellings. Japanese and Chinese subjects were given the task of verifying English spellings. In experiment 1, kusho behavior was observed among the majority of Japanese subjects. Furthermore, two types of kusho behavior were observed. One was the type gazing at their fingers during the task while the other was a non-gazing type. In Experiment 2, two groups were arranged according to their frequency of kusho behavior, in order to compare frequency of kusho behavior and its type. The result showed that medium-high frequency group showed kusho behavior as frequently as Experiment 1, even though the task words were all phonetically discriminable. The medium-high frequency group showed no gazing and low frequency group made the only gazing type. Experiment 3 was done to clarify whether Chinese speakers, who use Chinese characters and obey a rich phonological system, would show kusho behavior in remembering English spellings. Kusho behavior was also observed among Chinese subjects, though their kusho behavior was all gazing type.


literature in educational research has established that monitoring student learning is a crucial component of high quality education. When instructors and students are not in a face-to-face traditional environment, new forms of student monitoring must be explored. The effective use of CM S requires that instructors have been provided with appropriate means of diagnosing problems so that they can take immediate actions to prevent or overcome those situations. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of an Object Oriented Programming course supported by a M oodle platform. Therefore, we have carried out the mining of an eLearning database and represented the more relevant results by depicting them a visualization based on the tag cloud visual representation.


This summary outlines the primary points of a paper concerning a human factors and safety analysis of the all-terrain vehicle (ATV). The ATV has become a popular consumer product and is being widely used in various work related environments. However, the safety of the different ATV designs is being seriously questioned, and the ATV related accident rates are showing alarming trends. In addition to giving such accident statistics, the paper to be presented will be concerned with various safety-related aspects of ATVs such as (1) the design of warning decals and owner's manuals, (2) safety devices, (3) thumb-operated versus twist throttles, (4) seat design, (5) luggage rack designs and (6) the unique operating characteristics and instability conditions. Two safety devices designed by this author and his students to prevent the ATV from tipping over backwards are discussed and the results of field tests, and possibly a video demonstration, are presented.


The experiment in spring and autumn sowing of six fine maize varieties was carried out in 1999, the preliminary results showed that spring and autumn sowing had different effects on the yield and characters of tested maize varieties, "Nongda 108" and "Yuyu 22" were more suitable for the ecological environment of spring sowing, "Yedan 20" for autumn sowing, and "Chengdan 18", "Yedan 13" and "Chengdan 19" for both spring sowing and autumn sowing.


A dual-compression, dual-expansion engine concept utilizing thermal insulation, piston compressors and expanders is presented and analyzed to determine the potential for improved efficiency and performance. The engine design takes advantage of the ability to separate and optimize the different processes occurring in the cycle and to recover energy that otherwise would have been lost. Gains of approximately 10% over the baseline modern turbodiesel engine were realized at mid- to high loads due to more efficient pumping, expansion and heat transfer improvements. At low loads, the increased friction of the piston dual-compression, dual-expansion concept hurt the efficiency in comparison to the baseline.


BACKGROUND
Even if there is sparse evidence of efficacy of stem cell administration for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in preclinical studies, the clinical use of cell-based therapy is yet to be defined.

OBJECTIVE
to assess the efficacy, feasibility and safety of cell-based therapy in people with ALS/MND., compared with placebo or no treatment.

METHODS
A Cochrane Review on the topic was summarized with comments.

RESULTS
Two RCTs met the selection criteria, but only one provided data useful for the analysis. It compared autologous bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells, combined with riluzole, to riluzole only, in 64 people with ALS. ALSFRS-R score slightly improved 6 months after the intervention, though the change was not clinically meaningful. Respiratory function, overall survival and the risk of total adverse events or serious adverse events were not different in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS
The available evidence does not support the use of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells to treat people with ALS/MND.


This is a study of teachers' and pupils' perceptions regarding sex education in
two countries, Taiwan and England. It is a mixed method comparative study of four
schools, two in each country. Interviews, focus groups and surveys were undertaken
in these schools during the 2007/08 academic year. There were approximately 2100
participants - all year eight pupils (aged between 12 and 14) and volunteering
teachers/coordinators.
It was found that sex education was taught within all four participating schools
and was consistently recognised as a valuable part of the curriculum.
Two distinct approaches to sex education were found in the two countries.
Perceptions of sex education were consistent across both schools in Taiwan and a key
reason for this was that sex education had developed through a top-down
policy. There was more variation between the two schools in England reflecting more
flexible policies.
The strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches are discussed along with
the influence of stakeholders such as policy makers and governors/
coordinators. Biographic factors such as age and gender are also explored. The two
phenomena (consistent and variable sex education) uncovered in this study are further
explored within a descriptive model.


Embedded system results from computer technique,semi-conductor technique,electronics technique and actual application of various professions,which determined it a knowledge integrating system of technique intensive,funds intensive,high deconcentration and perpetual innovation.As a software layer between operation system and hardware,HAL is a key problem of embedded application.The thesis starts from HAL theory,introduces the function and characteristics of BSP which is the realization form of HAL of embedded system and brings up the actual designed example based on Toshiba SCM.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to introduce the reader to the construction of an analytical model assessing the effect of increased traffic intensities on extraordinary road traffic events on the amount of expenditures that the road administrators are forced to spend on the extra maintenance and reshaping these alternative diversion routes into the initial technical conditions. The computational mechanism of this model is based on the one hand on parameters of diversion routes temporarily transferring increased traffic intensities (e.g. motorway traffic at closure), on the other hand on approved cost databases for the assessment of road constructions and other regulations concerning the design of road maintenance and repair. In the final part of the paper the applicability of this model in practice is assessed and some negatives that are not included in the final calculation when determining the total costs of the road administrator are mentioned.


We will review our work on high core count, up to 32-core, cladding pumped multicore Erbium/Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers, and their successful operations as in-line amplifiers in space-division multiplexed systems.


Broad representation of different ethnic groups has implications in stability and the quality of democracy. The right to political participation is largely realized through the electoral system of a country. The choice among electoral systems should thus take various factors into account including the need for securing equitable representation, including minority groups. It is argued that the ' first ' system embodied in Ethiopia's electoral law denies national and regional minorities equitable and adequate share of political power in the respective federal and regional councils. Hence, taking into consideration Ethiopia's long history of competing ethnic nationalisms and lack of consensus, there is the need for securing adequate representation proportional to the numerical presence of minorities in constituencies in lieu of stubborn adherence solely to the majoritarian plurality system. Keywords: Political participation, minorities, electoral law, electoral systems, ethnic groups, equitable representation, Ethiopia MIZAN LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No.1, September 2013


The karyotypes of 234 bird species from published reports were analysed with respect to diploid number of chromosomes, number of macro- and microchromosomes, length of microchromosomes compared to macrochromosomes, and centromeric position.

There seems to be a conservation of a standard bird karyotype with 16 macro- and 64 microchromosomes, giving the diploid chromosome number 80. However, in all orders investigated, there is a tendency towards reduction of the number of microchromosomes and increase in the number of macrochromosomes. We propose that the smallest macrochromosomes (nos. 7–10) have been created by Robertsonian translocations of larger microchromosomes and that translocation of microchromosomes to macrochromosomes shifts the centromeric position from telocentric to submetacentric or metacentric.


The paper presents a method for finding out the weakest bus based on reactive power sensitivity index for a multibus real system. The Voltage Stability Margin (VSM) and change in voltage has also been calculated for the verification for with and without compensation. These techniques are tested on the 400 KV WBSEB system proposed in the 9th plan and results are given to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


Introduction: Dentistry has for some time been viewed as a profession with high-stress, and usually this begins from the days of dental school onward. Students are subjected to different kinds of stressors, some being the pressure from academics with an obligation to succeed, uncertainty regarding their future and difficulties of integrating into the system. Aim: The aim is to identify the perceived sources of stress among postgraduate students from a dental college in Coorg, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out, and the study samples included all the postgraduates of all nine specialties, including all the seventy-seven postgraduate students as samples. Results: Stress was relatively general among all the groups of the study participants, certain factors or stressors such as the amount of assigned work, competition with peers, examination and grades, lack of confidence to be a successful student and fear of facing parents after failure hamper the academic life of these students and had more significance among groups when compared to others. Conclusion: The academic life of students seemed to be hampered due to various potential stressors such as the amount of assigned work, competition with peers, examination and grades, lack of confidence to be a successful student, and fear of facing parents after failure. Such issues that arise in the educational setting need to be addressed which will help improve the academic environment of the students.


This article investigates the diverless trend in the global oil industry, demonstrating relevant aspects of this transition that involves replacing human diving in subsea operations with specific tools and equipment. In this sense, the operational, financial and security aspects related to the theme will be explored. Using the descriptive methodology and in light of Petrobras' case studies, the article aims to correlate the technologies developed to enable diverless operations - including changing the scope of the important Petrobras Route 3 Gas Pipeline project - with increasing operational efficiency and reducing the costs involved in operations. The article also contextualizes the benefits obtained by reducing human exposure and improving safety indicators, a current and relevant topic in the oil industry.


Exact mathematical solutions are presented for some simple cases of isotopic equilibration of oxygen-18 between carbon dioxide and water in soils, which is a major component of the 18 O isotopic balance of atmospheric CO 2 . The soil-to-air exchange is made up of 2 components. First, respiratory CO 2 is produced in the soil and escapes to the atmosphere through diffusion. The lighter isotopic species escapes a little more rapidly, enriching the heavier isotopic species in the CO 2 left behind in the soil, which is then out of isotopic equilibrium with soil water. Therefore, simultaneously with the escape of gas, there is continuous re-equilibration of CO 2 with soil water. The second component of soil-to-air exchange is independent of the production of CO 2 in the soil: the invasion of atmospheric CO 2 into the soil, where it equilibrates isotopically with the soil moisture before diffusing back out. A consequence for atmospheric isotopic measurements is that, in general, for respired CO 2 a plot of the isotopic ratio versus the inverse of the concentration is curved, and that the slope in the vicinity of the ambient concentration may not point towards the isotopic ratio of the net CO 2 evolved from the soil. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1998.t01-1-00004.x


ABSTPu^CT. Leaders in today's world face the challenge of earning the trust and commitment of organizational members if they expect to guide their companies to success in a highly compedrive global context. In this article, we present empirical results indicating that when leadership behaviors are perceived as trustworthy through the observer's mediating lens, trust increases and leaders are more likely to be viewed as ethical stewards who honor a higher level of duties. This article contributes to the growing body of hterature about the importance of ethical stewardship in the trust relationship.


• Pointing The subjects were released at a junction next to a goal. Their task was to point to another target. The subjects had to point from every junction at a given goal to all other goals, not presently visible. In all, 19 pointing tasks were performed. • The difference of altitude of the goals Pictures of two different goals were shown simultaneously on a computer monitor. In a 2 AFC-task, subjects had to decide which of the shown goals had a greater altitude in "Hexatown" (10 tasks).


Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and investigate the related nursing intervention.Methods 220 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were chose in the period from March 2010 to September 2011 in our hospital and randomly divided into two groups including control group(110 patients) with conventinal treatment and experimental group(110 patients) with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment;and the invasive ventilation rate,the total ventilation time,arterial blood gas analysis index before and after treatment,respiratory rate,heart rate and the hospital staying time of both groups were compared.Results The invasive ventilation rate and the total ventilation time of experimental group were significantly lower than control group(P0.05).The improving degree of arterial blood gas analysis index after treatment of experimental group were significantly better than control group(P0.05).And respiratory rate,heart rate and the hospital staying time of experimental group were significantly better than control group(P0.05).Conclusion The noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease obtain excellent effect,can effectively improve ventilatory function,reduce the invasive ventilation rate,and is worthy of clinical application.


To investigate the relative susceptibility of catch-phrase versus propositional (traditional) scales the Crowne-Marlowe (C-M) scale of social desirability, as well as the Wilson-Patterson (W-P) catch-phrase conservatism scale and a specially constructed propositional conservatism scale covering the same content area, were given to 90 South African high-school pupils under anonymous conditions and instructions to fake a 'conservative' or 'liberal' impression. A similar group of 40 Ss rated the various items in the two scales in terms of their social desirability. Finally, a similar group of 80 Ss completed the two scales under 'real life' conditions that have been shown to 'demand' liberal and conservative replies respectively. Since (a) the correlation with the C-M social desirability scale was significantly lower for the W-P scale, (b) the difference between Ss' scores under anonymous and faking conditions was significantly smaller for the W-P scale, and (c) the mean scores of the two unlike 'real life' conditions for the groups given the W-P scale differed more than those given the other scale, it was concluded that, as regards these scales, the catch-phrase type of questionnaire shows less susceptibility to social desirability.


A chorus of commentators has drawn inspiration from the end-to-end argument first advanced by Saltzer, Reed, and Clark and called upon policy makers to mandate that last mile broadband providers adhere to certain principles of network neutrality. In this symposium contribution, Professor Christopher Yoo offers an economic critique of these proposals, concluding first that they are based on a fundamental misreading of Saltzer, Reed, and Clark, who actually reject attempts to turn the end-to-end argument into a categorical mandate. In addition, prohibiting the use of proprietary protocols can harm consumers by skewing the Internet towards certain types of applications. Finally, network neutrality raises the even more significant danger of forestalling the emergence of new broadband technologies by reinforcing the existing supply-side and demand-side economies of scale and by stifling incentives to invest in alternative network platforms. Although such considerations would be problematic under any circumstances, they carry particular weight with respect to industries such as broadband, which are undergoing rapid technological change.


In the seed production areas of Tectona grandis in Caceres, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, strong winds cause the precocious fall of fruits. Diasporas of three lots of teak, one of then crop after the natural fall, and the others two after the precocious fall were characterized initially by the content of water, thousand diasporas mass, number of diasporas by kilogram, emergency in seedbeds and respective average time. With 200 diasporas divided in four replications and in periods of 50 days until 331 days after crop, the last two variables were determined again. To the diasporas of natural fall, the seedlings emergency and the average time were not different in periods of analyses with a general average of 60.6% and 10.8 days. The diasporas of the precocious crop lots presented respectively the initial emergency of 23.5 and 17.5% and the average time of 19.4 and 22.6 days. Until 115 days after crop, the emergency increased (55.5 and 59.5%) and the average time diminished (15.0 and 14.1 days) and on this point the inverse occurred. The diasporas of precocious crop fall by the wind present maturation and the greater physiological potential at 115 days after the crop. In the period at 64 to 269 days after crop, these diasporas reaches the established minimum standard for the teak and at 115 to 165 days is more adjusted period for its use.


In this paper we explore the potential of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for laughter synthesis. Several versions of HMMs are developed, with varying contextual information and algorithms for estimating the parameters of the source-filter synthesis model. These methods are compared, in a perceptive tests, to the naturalness of actual human laughs and copy-synthesis laughs. The evaluation shows that 1) the addition of contextual information did not increase the naturalness, 2) the proposed method is significantly less natural than human and copy-synthesized laughs, but 3) significantly improves laughter synthesis naturalness compared to the state of the art. The evaluation also demonstrates that the duration of the laughter units can be efficiently learnt by the HMM-based parametric synthesis methods.


Sequential extraction schemes provide information on the mobility of heavy metals from polluted sediments. The lack of uniformity of these schemes, however, does not allow results to be compared nor the procedures to be validated. In 1987 the Community Bureau of Reference, (BCR, now Standard, Measurements and Testing Programme) of the European Commission launched a programme to harmonise single and sequential extraction schemes for soils and sediments. As a result certified reference material CRM 601 (lake sediment) was prepared and certified for the extractable contents of some trace elements, following a standardised sequential (three-step) extraction procedure. In order to verify the long-term stability of the material an intercomparison exercise was designed with the participation of eight expert laboratories. The results confirm the stability of the extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn in this type of material, and demonstrate that the preparation of this kind of CRM can be achieved.


An ice protection system for gas pumping unit Neva-25NK with NK-36ST engine is developed. The results of full-scale test are presented providing validation of the required parameters.


Objective To study the effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) in the treatment of patients with schistosomiasis hepatic cirrhosis(SHC) complicated with symptomatic gallstone. Methods The clinical data of 256 cases of SHC with symptomatic gallstone underwent cholecystectomy in recent 4 years in our hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Of them, 74 underwent LC , which was compared with the cases who underwent open cholecystectomy(OC) in operation time, operative heamorrage,operative complications, and hospital stay.Results The operation time in LC group and OC group was 63 min and 54 min respectively; the operative bleeding of LC group was 15.6ml, OC group 85 ml;and hospital stay was 1.2days in LC group,8.9 days in OC group。Six cases of LC group was converted to OC.None had postoperative complications in LC group; but 1 case in OC group had bile leakage. Conclusions With strict the operative indications and proper operative method,LC in the treatment of SHC patients with gallstone is safe and feasible.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of TNF beta and susceptibility to transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.Methods: The single base change polymorphism in TNF beta gene was detected among 75 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and 52 controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results: The gene frequency of the TNF beta* 2(40.6%) was significantly higher in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder than that in the normal controls(24.0%),there was significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion: The increase of TNF beta*2 allelic frequency is associated with susceptibility to transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.


It is an object of the present invention to provide a sealing mechanism that, while preventing a clearance that passes in an axial direction through an entire abutting surface without involving large resistance and that invites blow-by of a working fluid, can prevent adjacent seal segments from sticking to each other, and a method for manufacturing the sealing mechanism. A sealing device 9 includes: an annular sealing ring 10 that includes a plurality of seal segments annularly juxtaposed; a plurality of seal fins 12 provided in an axial direction on an inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring; a joint surface 8 on a circumferential end of the seal segment, the joint surface 8 facing a joint surface 8 on an adjacent seal segment; a groove 20 that extends in a radial direction in the joint surface 8; and a protrusion 22 formed by bending part of a surface that constitutes a long side of the groove toward an outside of the joint surface.


The topmost band of sandstone in the Weald Clay at Capel (6) is now exposed for 100 yards, and varies in thickness from 8 inches at the southern end of the face to 1 foot at the northern end. The stone is glauconitic and highly micaceous, and carries so much fresh biotite on certain bedding-planes that they are heavily darkened. Flakes of biotite and muscovite commonly reach 2 mm. in diameter, and occasionally 3 mm. No petrological facies like it is known in the older Hastings Beds outcropping to the south and south-east. The petrography of the sandstone therefore merits description, and some discussion of the problems which it raises.


Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a logic-based programming p aradigm which has been recently exploited for solving complex rea l-world applications in an effective way. However, ASP systems currently mi ss important tools for the development of industry-level applications, such a s e sy-to-use graphic environments and application programming interfaces. In this paper, we present two new tools, tailored for OntoDLP (an ASP-based ontology representation and reasoning language), which re pres nt a step towards overcoming the above-mentioned limitations: a novel visua l querying interface, which allows non-expert users to compose and run queries; an d a Java API, enabling the development of software systems embedding ASP pr ograms.


Exist in the computer science market a great amount of antivirus, the election of one of them depends on the company. But truly they are necessary, or with a tool we can be protected of the virus and the accesses no authorized our computer. In this document one sets out to demonstrate that firewall personal formed good will protect to us of the intruders and the virus.


Urbanization of a natural watershed modifies the original shape and proportions of the hydrograph that may be considered representative of the natural watershed. The unique runoff coefficient of the rational formula is, in fact, the product of three factors, each on having some correlation with the degree of urbanization given to the watershed. The influence of urbanization is mainly expressed by the degree of imperviousness and the degree of artificial canalization given to the watershed. The presented general rational formula is related to other rainfall-runoff relationships derived by Snyder and by Horner-Flynt. Results from the formula are compared with these obtainable by the Chicago Method. The concepts presented must be considered as one way of demonstrating the relationship between rainfall and runoff in areas which are urbanized or not, rather than a completely developed and tested method of calculating storm water peak flows.


An R-peak detection method with a high noise tolerance is presented in this paper. This method utilizes a customized deep convolution neural network (DCNN) to extract morphological and temporal features from sliced electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The proposed network adopts multiple parallel dilated convolution layers to analyze features from diverse fields of view. A sliding window slices the original ECG signals into segments, and then the network calculates one segment at a time and outputs every point's probability of belonging to the R-peak regions. After a binarization and a deburring operation, the occurrence time of the Rpeaks can be located. Experimental results based on the MIT-BIH database show that the R-peak detection accuracies can be significantly improved under high intensity of the electrode motion artifact or muscle artifact noise, which reveals a higher performance than state-of-the-art methods. key words: electrocardiograph, noise tolerance, convolution neural network, dilated convolution


Objective To explore the relationship of trefoil factor family 3 (TFF3),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells under hypoxic condition and try to investigate the mechanism of TFF3 in the genesis and development of gastric cancer. Methods The hypoxic model of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell was induced by CoCl2 Gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells were transfccted with pU6-siTFF3 plasmid which carrying RNAi targeted to human TFF3 and pU6-mock.Puromycin was selected as screening medicine.The stable and specific TFF3 inhibited gastric cancer cell line was established. Gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and TFF3 RNAi targeted gastric cancer cell line SGC 7901 were cultured under hypoxic condition and normoxic condition. The expression of TFF3,VEGF and HIF-1a at protein and mRNA level were detected by RT-PCR,Western blot and ELISA assay.The distribution and expression of TFF3 and HIF-1α in gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells uuder normoxia and hypoxic condition were determined with immunofluorescence staining.Results The expressions of HIF-1a,TFF3 and VEGF in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell increased under CoCl2 induced hypoxic condition (33.4 =1.8,14.8 ± 1.1 and 15.1 ± 1.2,respectively). Under hypoxie condition,the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α protein reduced in stable TFF3 RNAi SGC-7901cells.Conclusion TFF3 mediated the regulation of VEGF and HIF-1α expression under hypoxic condition.TFF3 might be a potential anti-angiogenic target in gastric cancer treatment.

Key words:
Recombinant proteins; Stomach ncoplasms; Tumor cells,cultured; Vascular endothelial growth factors; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1,alpha subunit; Anoxia


Because installation of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)- engineered caps is costly, it is prudent to evaluate the effectiveness of this procedure for hydrologically isolating contaminants. The objective for installation of five-part engineered caps at the Y-12 Plant was to (1) satisfy the regulatory compliance issues, (2) minimize the risk of direct contact with the wastes, and (3) reduce rainfall infiltration. Although the original objectives of installing the caps were not to alter groundwater flow, a potential effect of reducing infiltration is to minimize leaching, thus retarding groundwater contaminant migration from the site. Hence, cap effectiveness with respect to reduced groundwater contaminant migration is evaluated using groundwater data in this report. Based on the available data at the Y-12 capped areas, evaluation of cap effectiveness includes studying water level and chemical variability in nearby monitoring wells. Three caps installed during 1989 are selected for evaluation in this report. These caps are located in three significantly different hydrogeologic settings: overlying a karst aquifer (Chestnut Ridge Security Pits [CRSP]), overlying shales located on a hill slope (Oil Landfarm Waste Management Area [OLWMA]), and overlying shales in a valley floor which is a site of convergent groundwater flow (New Hope Pond [NHP]).more » Presumably, the caps have been effective in minimizing risk of direct contact with the wastes and halting direct rainfall infiltration into the sites over the extent of the capped areas, but no evidence is presented in this report to directly demonstrate this. The caps installed over the three sites appear to have had a minimal effect on groundwater contaminant migration from the respective sites. Following cap construction, no changes in the configuration of the water table were observed. Migration of contaminant plumes occurred at all three sites, apparently without regard to the timing of cap installation.« less


OBJECTIVE: To report efficacy and tolerability of fingolimod, dimethylfumarate, and teriflunomide in patients with RRMS at Vanderbilt Multiple Sclerosis Center
BACKGROUND: In the last 5 years, 3 oral MS therapies have been approved based on their performance in clinical trials. We report our patients' experiences with oral MS therapies including medication efficacy in preventing clinical and MRI relapses as well as common side effects and their impact on the duration/discontinuation of therapy.
DESIGN/METHODS: Retrospective chart review.
RESULTS:
1. Teriflunomide: 98 patients(78 females, 20 males, age 49 ± 9.3 years) were on treatment for 20.2 ± 13.3 months. 17 patients (17[percnt]) had clinical relapses while MRI relapses relapses occurred in 9 (9[percnt]). 22 patients (22[percnt]) discontinued due to side effects including GI (36[percnt]), rash (14[percnt]), hair loss (9[percnt]), infections (9[percnt]), HTN (9[percnt]), paresthesia (9[percnt]), and one patient reports tongue pain as reason for discontinuation.
2. Dimethylfumarate: 192 patients (146 females, 46 males, age 43 ± 11 years) were on treatment for. 16 ± 9 months. 33 patients (17[percnt]) had clinical relapses while MRI relapses occurred in 10 (5[percnt]). 38 patients (20[percnt]) discontinued due to side effects including GI upset (71[percnt]), flushing (10[percnt]), rash (5[percnt]), leukopenia (2[percnt]), headache (2[percnt]), and mood change (2[percnt]).
3. Fingolimod: 206 patients (151 females, 55 males, age 41 ± 9.4 years) were on treatment for 20.7 ± 16 months. 22 patients (11[percnt]) had clinical relapses while MRI relapses occurred in 8 (4[percnt]). 26 patients (13[percnt]) discontinued due to side effects including lymphopenia (ALC< 300) (23[percnt]), elevated LFTs (9[percnt]), headache (5[percnt]), HTN (2[percnt]), cough (2[percnt]), macular edema (1[percnt]), bradycardia (1[percnt]), and rash (0.5[percnt]).
CONCLUSIONS: Relapses while on oral MS medications were comparable to clinical trials, but adverse effects affected patients at higher rates than in clinical trials. Disclosure: Dr. Vu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bradshaw has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moses has received personal compensation for activities with EMD Serono, Teva Neuroscience, Biogen Idec, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Questcor, Actelion, Genzyme, and Acorda Therapeutics. Dr. Sriram has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pawate has nothing to disclose.


This paper proposes a multilevel open-end six-phase motor drive. The system is composed of six isolated three-leg inverters and is adequate for high-power systems with voltage rating restrictions. The system model and a simple space vector pulse-width modulation (PWM) based on three similar individual planes are presented. Specific voltage vector application sequences that reduce the stator voltages harmonic distortions are provided. Three different dc-link voltages combinations are analyzed and simulated. Conventional and proposed configurations are compared in terms of harmonic distortion and semiconductor losses. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the theoretical considerations.


In the emergency room last night, 13-year-old Tommy was screaming and vomiting. He had gulped down half a 10-oz bottle of Nyquil, and the ephedrine was wreaking havoc with him. This morning he has only a very bad hangover—and a visitor. The visitor, who is presently stopping by the nurse's station en route to Tommy's hospital room, is an ordained minister in the Universal Life Church, a conscientious objector, a talented musician, and an expert in animal husbandry who finds a flock of dependent but misanthropic geese preferable to watchdogs for guarding his wood-and-solar-heated home in the mountains of northern New Mexico. James D. Waltner, MD, is also pediatrician, adopted uncle, surrogate parent, and health educator to hundreds of families in Rio Arriba County, one of the most economically depressed areas in the nation. Most of his patients are direct descendents of the Spanish conquistadores . A few are Native American


During the outdoor cruising flight of the UAV, it will often cause problems such as inaccurate positioning information and course to drift due to interference of sensor signal errors, ground effects, airflow, and communication delay. In this paper, an outdoor cruising control system of the quadrotor drone is designed, where the Kalman filter and the Mahony filter are adopted to fuse the sensor data to obtain the attitude to be controlled, and the PID control method is introduced to reduce the external noise to the control system. As a result, the GPS/INS combined navigation method was used to design the quadrotor drone controller. The system improves the anti-jamming capability of the aircraft, has the advantages of real-time, fast response, and high precision, and can realize the positioning cruise function of the quadrotor aircraft in a complex outdoor environment.


This study aims to identify factor the affecting student satisfaction in the Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institutions. Understanding these factors could help leaders in educational institutions to better plan their strategies and further research on student satisfaction. A set of questionnaire was developed and will be distributed to students at a higher education institution (HEI) institutions in Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institution namely Universitas Advent Indonesia (UNAI) of Indonesia


Scattering is the study of the interaction of waves with obst acles. These obstacles could be anything from gratings, to tumours, to ships; the waves could be electroma gnetic, elastic, or acoustic. This is a very wellestablished field of study, mathematically, but only a limit ed number of exterior scattering problems can be solved analytically. In recent years, many engineers, computational scientists and numerical analysts have investigated numerical algorithms to simulate scattering, including (but no limited to) the use of integral equations, finite element methods, series methods, geometrical optics, abso rbing layers and spectral methods. These developments have helped to make computational scattering algorit hms indispensible in several industries for design purposes. Many deep mathematical questions have also been r ais d as a consequence of this development. The overarching principle and the central challenge in comp utational scattering is to approximate the scattered wave as accurately and efficiently as possible. Indeed , one may identify the major open problems in the field as the development of high-frequency, high-accura cy algorithms; efficient and accurate absorbing boundary conditions; and preconditioners for discretizat ions of exterior scattering problems. Regardless of the specific algorithms one may use to study scattering, thes e issues must be confronted head-on. This workshop aimed to bring together experts in computatio n l scattering with a view to cross-fertilization and communication. The format included a few overview-styl e a ks each day, followed by informal discussion periods. These discussions were particularly importa nt since the academics working in computational scattering appear to be evolving a subject in seemingly para llel directions, without much interaction. The hope was that participants would learn about other techniqu es being used to study exterior scattering, discuss common issues and open problems, and hopefully form cross-d iscipline collaborations. The workshop was successful in achieving many of its goals. T he talks provided an exciting snapshot of the current state-of-the-art in computational scattering . This forum provided a particularly suitable place for students entering the field to gain an overview of the subject area; one of the workshop highlights was the number of informal introductory lectures given by eminent m athematicians to the graduate students.


In this paper we deal with the study of electron-wave amplifier (EWA) based on the transparent traveling wave tube (TWT). The case of the formation of electron flow with double-humped distribution function of the electron velocity in the interaction space of the investigated device is considered. The results of investigating the dependence of the gain of electron-wave amplifier on the magnitude of the negative potential on the focusing electrode, on the length of interaction space, and on the input power are obtained. Based on the analysis of the experimental results a number of steps to improve the output characteristics of the electron-wave amplifiers based on transparent TWT are developed and proposed.


A cavern-type gas storage reservoir was constructed near the town of Přibram, Czech Republic in 1992-1998. It's storage area includes openings 11 to 15 m 2 in section worked out in the granitoids of the mid-Bohemian pluton at a depth of 1 000 m. The volume of the reservoir is 620 000 m 3 in total with deposit pressure being 9.5-12.5 MPa. Five 950-m gas wells with 245-mm casings, a drainage well, and a well between seals having 177.8-mm casing connect the surface and underground parts of the whole construction. To achieve maximum operating safety it was decided to apply cathodic protection on both the vertical and horizontal distribution systems of the storage reservoir (i.e. for casings and piping plus earthing network, respectively). Discarded piping 380 mm in diameter and 953 m in length located 1.1 km from the works in a ventilation shaft, deep 1 400 m and flooded up to 3/4 with water, was used as an anodic earthing system for the vertical distribution systems, whereas cathodic protection with three anodic earthing electrodes (FeSi) provided within the works was applied to the horizontal ones. At present, current 13 A protects the whole works, including the earthing system. A potential shift of 140 to 780 mV to negative values compared to the stationary potential was achieved at all of the measured points as a result of the introduced cathodic protection.


This study is based on an investigation of Lake Djupetjern, Lake Holmetjern and Lake Visterflo, which are all situated within the Glomma catchment area. The main objectives were to see if European perch (Perca fluviatilis) from the different lakes differ in Hg and Se concentrations and to quantify the contribution from environmental and biological factors to individual variations in THg and Se concentrations. In addition were the molar ratios (Se:Hg) and management implication for recreational fishing of my THg findings assessed. This was conducted by measuring levels of Hg (mg/kg wet weight), Se (mg/kg wet weight) and stable isotopes (C and N) in the muscle tissue of perch. Further were Hg, Se and stable isotopes (N and C) linked to individual characteristics of the collected fish data (length, weight, age). The result showed that 78 % of the analysed perch from Degernestjerna, and 60 % of the analysed perch from Visterflo contained valued above 0.3 mg/kg w.w.. This is an upper level from where consumption advice is given by WHO for groups at risk. The THg concentration ranged from 0.21-2.20 and 0.07-1.50 mg/kg w.w. in Degernestjerna (Djupetjern + Holmetjern) and Visterflo respectively. The one-way ANOVA analysis showed that there were not an all over difference in the THg distribution between the examined lakes, but when adjusted for individual characters (e.g. age) were there clear differences between the lakes. The multiple regression analysis showed there were two supported models (ΔAIC=0.42) fitted to predict THg concentrations in Degernestjerna and Lake Visterflo: Location*Age*∂C and Location*Age*∂N.They predicted slightly different outcomes in the examined lakes (1) THg in perch from Degernestjerna increased with increasing age and trophic position combined with foraging in the pelagic area (2) while THg in perch from Visterflo increased with increasing age independent on the trophic level as well as increased THg levels when feeding in the pelagic area. The Se concentrations in the three lakes was lower than detection level (<1μgSe/L), but the one-way ANOVA showed that perch from Degernestjerna had in general higher Se concentrations compared to perch from Lake Visterflo. The most supported model (ΔAIC=0) fitted to predict Se concentrations in Degernestjerna and Lake Visterflo was: Location+weight+∂C. The model predicted similar outcomes in the examined lakes: high Se concentrations are obtained when the perch is relatively large and forage in the littoral zone. Despite the high exposure to THg, only 5 % of the analyzed perch had molar ratios Se/THg < 1. The Se/THg ratios were strongly influenced by length, weight and age. These results can be used to inform the public fishing in Østfold, so they can avoid consuming perch from the lakes with highest THg values. The groups at risk: children, pregnant and breastfeeding women should in general avoid eating perch in Djupetjern and Holmetjern.


The microbubbles with the diameter of being less than 50 μm were uneasy to aggregate in fluid, and thus a method was proposed to suppress slug flow by the addition of microbubbles. The characteristics of the slug flow in a laboratory-scale offshore oil industry gathering-rising system were experimentally studied and analyzed by an electrical resistance tomography(ERT) combined with a pressure method and a high-speed camera method. The typical flow pattern and the motion behavior of the slug flow under different conditions were tested, and the flow performances of the microbubbles were evaluated. The influences of microbubbles on the slug flow formation were further investigated. Experimental results show that the microbubbles with a size range of 1 to 50 μm can be stably existed in a certain range of the flow rate when the intake air amount is set to 4 L/min. When the gas-liquid ratios are 1.18, 1.36 and 1.82, the microbubbles have a significant suppressing effect on the occurrence frequency of the slug flow. The mechanism is that the microbubbles suppress the movement of the slug by increasing the back mixing and disturbance resistance of the boundary layer, thus reducing the frequency of the slug generation.


With the increasing demand for high data rate wireless communications services, the requirement for efficient spectrum utilization is on the rise. Generally speaking, the spectrum usage experiences vast temporal and geographic variations ranging from 15% to 85%. Thus, cognitive radio (CR) has received considerable attentions recently, and is becoming an essential part of the emerging wireless communications standard and systems, such as the IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN).


To explore the origins of civilization is just to explore the unrecorded history of human being.The initial large-scaled public projects,such as city,ceremonial architecture,hydraulic engineering,were always regarded as key factors to the origin and should be attached more attention;the discovery as well as the interpretation of the early characters is of great significance to the origin exploration.All these characterize the project similar to be a Field Archaeology,which combined with the prospects of the project,determines that the project must take the way of multi-disciplinary and multi-level co-operation.


A current trend in cheese making is to substitute milk fat for its high content of saturated fatty acids (SFA), with lipids of vegetable origin and avocado for its high content of unsaturated fatty acids (AGI) mainly oleic acid and phytosterols. (campesterol, β-Sitosterol), has been valued by promoting healthy benefits to the consumer. The objective of this study was to evaluate with judges the liking or dislike of the cheeses made with fat replacement and to analyze the texture profile (TPA). The cheeses elaborated with three levels of avocado pulp were analyzed by means of a 5point hedonic test with 109 judges and the analysis of texture profile with texturometer model TA-XT2i. The T4 with the 18% added pulp was the one liked most according to the DMS test when determining the acceptance of the cheeses, although no differences were found between the T3 and the T4; the T2 was the least liked product. In the texture profile analysis, significant differences were found with respect to the control; the avocado pulp as a substitute for fat in the cheeses generated low values in the textural parameters, the cheeses retain high humidity and low fat content, obtaining a crumbly product, due to the modification of the casein matrix which is the one that gives rigidity to the cheeses.


The present study was designed to investigate the phytochemical composition and yield of essential oil of (cid:6)(cid:131)(cid:142)(cid:135)(cid:144)(cid:134)(cid:151)(cid:142)(cid:131)(cid:3)(cid:145)(cid:136)(cid:980)(cid:139)(cid:133)(cid:139)(cid:144)(cid:131)(cid:142)(cid:139)(cid:149) L. (Marigoldisa) under NaCl-in-duced salinity stress using humic acid and selenium as a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with two factors of NaCl-induced


Results of further calculations on the dynamic coupling between the lower B 1u and E 1u electronic states of benzene via a single e 2g mode are presented. In part I we gave the 'pseudo-cylindrical' solutions that result when the leading coupling term, linear in the nuclear displacements, is considered (cylindrical Born-Oppenheimer potential). Here we investigate the effect of 1. (1) the next higher terms in the expansion of the coupling hamiltonian for the free molecule (hexagonal Born-Oppenheimer potential); 2. (2) a crystal field anisotropy. From the scanty data on the coupling constants available a priori it would follow that the refinement introduced by (1) is small for benzene. On the contrary, the effect of even a small crystal field anisotropy is predicted to be appreciable. The results of the calculations are analysed by comparison with experimental data on the benzene crystal at low temperature. A consistent interpretation of both magnetic resonance results and the triplet ← singlet absorption sp...


Faraday rotation measurements were performed at 1152-nm wavelength in the 6-600 K temperature range under a magnetic field up to 20 kOe applied parallel to the [111], [110], and [100] crystallographic axes of the "as-grown" Dy/sub 3/Fe/sub 5-z/Sc/sub z/O/sub 12/(z=0.58) (DyIG:Sc) single crystals. A strong anisotropy of both spontaneous and FR susceptibility is observed below 100 K; it is not uniquely tied to the magnetic one. The experimental data are analyzed using the one-ion model. The octahedral scandium substitution affects primarily the N/sub dc/ magnetic interactions between the (d) and {c} sublattices as compared to pure DyIG. The temperature variations of electric dipole transitions coefficient of the Dy/sup 3+/ ion are found identical when T>150 K in pure DyIG and in DyIG:Sc.