In order to quantify the radiation hazard to humans through food, both migration and distribution of 95Zr in Chinese cabbage/soil system were examined by using the radioisotope tracer technique. When 95Zr was administered with simulated irrigation or simulated rainfall, 95Zr was detected in every part of Chinese cabbage, which indicated that 95Zr could be translocated to above-ground parts. Although concentrations of 95Zr in different parts of Chinese cabbage were different in the two treatments used in the present study, the patterns of 95Zr distribution in different parts of the plant were similar. Concentration of 95Zr in each part of Chinese cabbage followed the order of root>leaf>lower part of petiole>upper part of petiole>bud in the case of simulated irrigation. Moreover, the 95Zr could be accumulated in leaves after being taken up by roots. In the simulated irrigation treatment, 95Zr concentrations were 1·7 and 2·9 times higher in the leaf than in the petiole and bud, respectively. In the case of simulated rainfall, a portion of applied 95Zr precipitated on the above-ground parts of Chinese cabbage, which led to a higher concentration here than in the case of simulated irrigation. The results of the present study clearly indicate that there is a distinct possibility that foodstuffs produced in the 95Zr-contaminated area are radioactively contaminated. More than 90% of total 95Zr in soil was retained in the upper layer (0–8 cm), which indicated 95Zr could not easily move downwards because of strong adsorption to soil.


Objective: The prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is directly associated with systolic function based on the measurement of ejection fraction (EF), and many studies have indicated that the left ventricular global strain (LVGS) provides better predictivity than the EF measurement in the diagnosis, prognosis, survival, and CVD staging. However, these studies did not investigate the correlation between the EF measurement and the LVGS parameters, or which parameters are better correlated with LVGS, but we analyzed the association between three EF measurement methods and LVGS. Materials and Methods: This study included 62 patients that applied to the clinic between October 2015 and March 2016. An echocardiography examination of these patients was performed. The exclusion criteria were atrial fibrillation and suboptimal image quality. Results: Sixty-two patients (the average age 61.0±12.6 years; 56% male and 44% female) were enrolled in the study. A statistically significant association was found between the visual EF and Simpson EF measurements and the LVGS parameters (p<0.001). While the This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as: Bayram E, Gulcu O, Aksu U, Aksakal E, Birdal O, Kalkan K. Evaluating the Association Between the Three Different Ejection Fraction Measurement Techniques and Left Ventricle Global Strain. Eurasian J Med 2018; 50: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17409 ©Copyright 2018 by Atatürk University School of Medicine Available online at www.eajm.org visual EF was moderately correlated with the LVGS parameters (r=0.44), there was a good correlation between the Simpson EF and the LVGS parameters (r=0.710). Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrate that the Simpson's rule LVEF correlates better with LVGS than the Teicholtz method or visual EF and that it has a better area under the curve value for determining an abnormal LVGS. Therefore, we recommend the use of the Simpson EF for the EF measurement that has a better correlation with the LVGS values in the patients whose ventricle functions should be evaluated.


0. ABSTRACT FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) and HVDC (High Voltage DC Transmission) are powerful devices used to enhance system performance in the evolving power markets. Increasing generation in high load density networks on one hand and on the other hand interconnections between systems increase the short-circuit power substantially. If the short-circuit current rating of the equipment in the system is exceeded, the equipment must be either upgraded or replaced, both of which are very cost- and/or time-intensive procedures. Short-circuit current limitation offers clear benefits in such cases. Current limitation using passive elements, for example reactors, is a well known practice, however it reduces the system stability, increases the risk of voltage collapse and it has impact on the load-flow. By means of innovations in FACTS technology, a new dynamic fault current limiting device, the SCCL (Short-Circuit Current Limiter), is available now. The SCCL is based on developments in series compensation, where the TPSC (Thyristor Protected Series Compensation) has been successfully applied on 3 projects in a 500 kV transmission system in the Southern Californian Grid (USA), at the Vincent substation.


At present, there is no unanimous understanding on the origin of the so-called Kargopol type of pottery. Some researchers see it as an independent type of The Early Neolithic pottery, others are prone to think that this is a variety of pit-comb pottery dating back to The Middle Neolithic period. The article analyses some new data based on the investigations of 2007 on Neolithic settlement of Soydozero-1 located in Vytegra District of Vologda Region. According to the typological analysis of ceramic collections, which included pit-comb, Kargopol type, comb-pickings, comb, and ceramics, the sequence of land settlement was reconstructed. Analysis of the molding compounds indicates differences in technologies for both pit-comb and Kargopol type of ceramics. Interactions among culturally different groups of people manufacturing comb ceramics and Kargopol type ceramics were noted by the author. This interaction led to appearance of hybrid types of vessels. Based on the analysis of ceramic collections and planigrafic observations the author makes a conclusion about The Early Neolithic Age of Kargopol ceramics found in Soydozero-1 settlement (Southern Onego Lake Environs).


IntroductionHealth maintenance and its development at all stages of a human evolution is a strategic task of any nation. Nowadays the base of civilization culture is primarily includes the ideas about universe community of people, the unity of a person, society and nature, their spiritual and physical harmony. Life and health are defined as the highest human values. They are indices of civilization and reflect the overall socio-economic development of society. However, the rapid transformation of the socio-economic development of society and a person's lifestyle have an impact on an individual and lead to profound changes in his/her physical, mental and spiritual states, while living conditions do not always provide reasons and necessary social efforts among young people to arise. As a result, we have to state that there are some negative trends of health deteriorating among young people in Ukraine and is evident by the fact that the health care system is unlikely able to optimally solve the problem of health improvment [5, 6].In this regard, today, progressive educational community set a new challenge - the paradigm of health maintenance should become an important component of the human development. The priority is to develop a responsible attitude to their own health for all, without exception, citizens of Ukraine, because it is one of the key factors that determine a decisive role in creating a Nation's healthy future, and developing human potential.Health maintenance technologies implementation in educational process was investigated by Nosko M. [9], Dubogay A. [5], Zavydivska N. [5, 6], Khanikiants O. [5], and others. Vasilchenko V. [2], Grinenko A. [2], Grishnova O. [2], Kerb L. [2], Ilyash L. [7], S. Hrynkevych S. [7], Bedy K. [3], Kutsenko V. [8], Udovychenko V. [8] and others devoted their studies to the problems of human development and economic growth. Despite the large amount of research it still remains a poorly studied problem of a health standard as an opportunity for economic growth and human development improving. In this aspect, we believe that the role of education in ensuring of this development is underestimated that points out at the relevance of the problem research.Material and methodsThe study was conducted during 2007-2008. The survey of graduates of all ages has been done to assess their lifestyle. The need for research is explained by the social significance of society's social transformation that, during the period of professional activity, could affect lifestyle changes among people. This concept, in our opinion, is an important fact when assessing human development. Medical officers, economic and technical employees and workers in sphere of physical education and sports were engaged to the experiment. Generally, 368 people aged from 25 to 50 years took part in the experiment at this stage.To achieve the objectives, the following methods were applied: theoretical analysis and synthesis of philosophical, psychological, educational, teaching and professional scientific literature, and standard documents in the field of education and healthcare, Internet resources, pedagogical experiment.ObjectivesRationale for increasing the role of the health maintenance paradigm at university for sustainable human development. To achieve this object the following tasks were set:1. To analyze the term "human development" in the biological, psychological and social aspects; to discover the essence of human development through the health maintenance paradigm;2. To define mechanisms of the educational process improvement in higher education based on the health maintenance paradigm;3. To describe the content nature of the basic methodological aspects of students' health maintenance learning based on the analysis of the obtained experimental data;4. To identify the characteristics of the human potential formation on the basis of health maintenance through the formation of the youth's competence on their healthcare. …


Organized industrial zone (OIZ) wastewater is a mixed wastewater that is contributed by both municipal use and from different industrial sectors. Since MBR has advantages over conventional treatment plants, membrane types and fouling become the most important parameters in the treatment of this kind of wastewater. In this study, six different membrane types were used to find the most suitable membrane with the least resistivity to fouling. Three different microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were operated to estimate their (i) membrane, (ii) cake, (iii) pore, and (iv) total resistances. The highest total resistance was observed in a polyethersulfone (PES) membrane (3.8 × 1010 m−1), while the lowest one was a UF polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with approximately 20 times lower resistance than the highest one. PVDF membranes showed lower total resistances than PES membranes. An MF or a 250 kDa UF membrane could be operated long-term in a membrane bioreactor with the least fouling potential.


Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2, Qr be its right Martindale quotient ring and C be its extended cen- troid. Suppose that G is a nonzero generalized skew derivation of R, � is the associated automorphism of G, f(x1,...,xn) is a non-central multilinear polynomial over C with n non-commuting variables and S = {f(r1,...,rn)|r1,...,rn 2 R}. If G acts as a Jordan homomorphism on S, then either G(x) = x for all x 2 R, or G = �. In all that follows let R be a prime ring, Z(R) the center of R, Qr be the right Martindale quotient ring of R and C = Z(Qr) be the center of Qr. C is usually called the extended centroid of R and is a field when R is a prime ring. It should be remarked that Qr is a centrally closed prime C-algebra. We refer the reader to (6) for the definitions and the related properties of these objects. We recall that an additive map d on R is called a derivation if d(xy) = d(x)y +xd(y) for all x,y ∈ R. Starting from this definition we may introduce another concept of an additive function which generalizes derivations: the addi- tive map G of R is said to be a generalized derivation if G(xy) = G(x)y +xd(y) for all x,y ∈ R, where d is a derivation of R (usually G is said to be a gener- alized derivation associated with d). Obviously, any derivation of R and any map of R with form f(x) = ax +xb for some a,b ∈ R, are both generalized derivations. The latter are usually called inner generalized derivations. We would like to point out that one of the leading roles in the development of the theory of generalized derivations is played by the inner generalized derivations. We say that an additive map F acts as a homomorphism on a subset T ⊆ R, if F(xy) = F(x)F(y) for all x,y ∈ T ; F acts as an anti-homomorphism on T , if F(xy) = F(y)F(x) for all x,y ∈ T ; finally F acts as a Jordan homomorphism on T if F(x 2 ) = F(x) 2 for all x ∈ T. Obviously any additive map, which is a homomorphism or an anti-homomorphism, is a Jordan homomorphism. On


Polysaccharides are abundant, non-toxic, biodegradable natural polymers possessing a high degree of functionality. Starch, an inexpensive and renewable material is modified and widely used as a raw material in various industries. Starch on selective oxidation gives dialdehyde starch (DAS), a polymeric dialdehyde. In this investigation tanning system using autoclaved dialdehyde starch (ADAS) has been explored. Autoclaving of DAS is found to result in hydrolysis to lower molecular weight oligomeric species. These lower molecular weight species show better tanning properties compared to unautoclaved DAS. Similar effect has also been observed on the use of DAS at alkaline conditions. Thermal and enzymatic stability of ADAS tanned leather at varied concentration, pH, time and temperature have been studied. Leathers with a maximum shrinkage temperature of 88°C have been obtained while using ADAS at pH 10. The ADAS tanned leather also imparted highest degree of, stability to collagen against collagenase at pH 10. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed a well-coated fiber matrix. The leathers obtained using ADAS as tanning agent have been compared with chrome tanned leathers for organoleptic properties.


Yogyakarta has potential in the field of tourism. Many places can be chosen to be visited, including tourism education village. This village is interesting because not only a vacation spot, but we can also increase our knowledge there. Currently, Widodomartani villagers are planning to create a tourism education village inspired by the tourism education village in Kebumen. To make a tourism education village there must be good planning. The purpose of this study is to assist Widodomartani villagers in planning the facility layout of an educational village. The analysis that will be carried out includes making business processes, identifying facilities, and establish facility layouts that can be used to plan the layout of facilities. Layouting facilities are done by the Corelap algorithm based on the relationship between the facilities. Based on TCR (Total Closeness Rating) for each department, where TCR is the number of value calculated based on the rating of a systematic approach. Determination of the layout of facilities for 24 facilities is done using Activity Relationship Diagrams by considering the Total Closeness Rating between existing facilities as a basis for determining the layout of facilities. From the results of the closeness relationship, layout optimization is done using CORELAP (Computerized Relationship Layout Planning) software to get the optimal layout which is then actualized described in Widodomartani tourism education village land.


In order to ensure the mining safety under sea and to prevent sea water rushing into the mine,the paper had a study on the water flowing channel types for the coal mining under the sea,mainly including the structure cracking type water flowing channel,the mining dynamic water flowing cracking zone channel,the borehole improperly sealing caused water flowing channel and the safety coal(rock) pillar failure caused water flowing channel in seam outcrop zone of sea area.Under the mining activities,the flowing water pressure and other factors,those potential water flowing channels would be the main accesses to cause the sea water rushing into the mine.The paper analyzed the structure features and influence factors of the different water flowing channels and provided the relevant technical measures of the water prediction as well the water prevention and control.


A method for correcting spectral interference in ICP-AES by Derivative Spectroscopy in conjunction with Kalman Filter (D-KF) is proposed and the corresponding computer software has been developed. The typeal spectral interferences are investigated. The combined approach is shown to have the advantages of both Kalman filter and derivative spectrometry. Lower detection limits can be given with the D-KF when compared to traditional methods, i. e. Kalman filter and derivative spectrometry.


Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy has been used for obtaining the vibrational spectra of the thin films of evaporated Si and SiO. The analysis of the tunneling spectra shows the formation of SiH species. These hydrides are formed from the reaction with residual water molecules in the vacuum system during the evaporation.


This paper addresses the determination of optimal bridge maintenance and replacement policies for a system of heterogeneous facilities. The problem of optimizing maintenance and replacement policies at the system level is formulated in a reliability-based framework, based on policies that are optimal at the facility level. The facility-level policies are determined using a finite-state, finite horizon Markov decision process in which the state of the Markov chain contains information on the history of maintenance and deterioration. This article provides formal proofs of the optimality of the system-level results in the continuous case, and a numerical study shows that the results obtained in the discrete-case implementation of the solution are valid approximations of the continuous-case results. The computational efficiency of the system-level solution makes the formulation suitable for systems of realistic sizes.


Patients with psoriasis are prone to premature atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular disease events. However, the prevalence and extent of atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis are unknown.


It is found that epitaxial CeO2 layers with (100) or (110) orientation can be selectively grown on Si(100) substrates by controlling substrate bias in reactive dc magnetron sputtering. Adopting a two step growth method; ultrathin metallic Ce layer deposition at room temperature followed by a silicidation process at 800 °C, and subsequent reactive sputtering in an Ar/O2 mixture environment, the CeO2(100) layer is grown on practical Si(100) surfaces prepared by the usual wet cleaning method.


A 36-year-old African–American woman with medical history of systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, protein S deficiency and recurrent deep venous thrombosis presented to outpatient clinic complaining of epigastric pain associated with nausea, vomiting and unintentional weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed; however, mucosal tear was noted following severe retching. Subsequently, the procedure was terminated. EGD was significant for distal oesophageal obstruction. CT of the chest with contrast was significant for pneumomediastinum. Moreover it demonstrated an aberrant right subclavian artery …


A reconfigurable power divider (PD) that can operate either in an in-phase mode or out-of-phase mode is presented. To that end, the novel concept of using tunable phase shifter, which is a reflection-type loaded coupled lines, to emulate an effective variable length transmission line (TL) is utilized. The proposed PD uses a quarter-wavelength TL, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100~{\Omega }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> isolation resistor and two tunable phase shifters. The presented theoretical analysis shows that by properly selecting the parameters of the phase shifter, it can be used to approximate the performance of variable length TL. To validate the design, a prototype of dimensions 50 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 25 mm is built, using Rogers RO3010 substrate, and tested. The results indicate that the device can operate as an in-phase and out-of-phase by using suitable biasing voltages. Across the band 0.9–1.1 GHz, the device has more than 12 dB return loss at all the ports and more than 15 dB isolation between the two output ports with less than 5° phase deviation for both of the in-phase and out-of-phase states.


Blind spot accidents are unfortunately a frequent news item. Governments invest a lot in the prevention of these accidents, and more importantly, they increase the awareness of this phenomenon. In Belgium more than 100 people are annually involved in blind spot accidents, which sometimes have a lethal ending. There are several camera and radar-based systems on the market, but none of these systems can prevent such accidents from happening. A high detection rate is possible in a post-processing algorithm but, when the system has to operate in real-time, it fails due to many false detections. To solve this problem, a prototype system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) was designed, in order to detect and warn the vulnerable road user and truck driver of a blind spot condition.


Research purposes: The highway in western China or the remote region needs to cross over rivers and valleys and passes the regions with complex terrains due to the limitation of topographical condition.For this reason,the long-span continuous rigid frame bridge with high pier becomes more and more and the height of the bridge increases from several decameters to hundreds of meters.With increases of the pier height and the span length,the research on the stability of such kind of bridge is becoming more and more important. Research conclusions:Taking the long-span continuous rigid frame bridge with(90+168+90) m high pier in Shanxi province as the engineering background,the basic principle related to the structure stability is discussed and the stability of the high pier,the stability of the longest cantilever during construction and the stability in complete stage of the bridge are analyzed.From the calculation results it can be seen that for the bridge presented in this paper,the temperature effect has a little influence on the high pier stability,the wind load along the bridge axial direction has the most negative impact on the structure stability in the construction stage of the longest cantilever,and during the complete stage of the bridge,the lane load and the load of the crowded people set on the middle span has the most negative impact on the bridge stability.Furthermore,wind has a little influence and the influence of the temperature effect can be ignored in this stage.The calculation results also show this bridge has a good stability during its construction process and in the complete stage of bridge.The calculation and analysis processes presented in this paper can provide the reference to the similar works.


Comment on Sebban et al, page [2540][1]

In this issue of Blood , Sebban and colleagues report the final results of a randomized study for newly diagnosed advanced follicular lymphoma comparing autologous transplantation with interferon maintenance. This is the last of 3 such studies to be reported


In order to deal with the problem of exploitation in low permeability reservoir and improve fracturing fluid performance, a carbon dot nano-crosslinker was developed, which has the function that the...


As lifestyle changed in recent years,the incidences of metabolic diseases charactered with obesity,for example,hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart disease,were increasingly high.Among them,insulin resistance was an important pathological status accompanying with these diseases.Current research showed mitochondrial dysfunction played a key role in insulin resistance mechanism of the patients with diabetes genetic background and the aged.As a view of systematology,it broke the limit of molecule and single target research,which accorded with the feature of whole view.Therefore,exploring the relationship between spleen losing transportation and transformation and insulin resistance from mitochondrial dysfunction angle enriched TCM theory,and provided a thought of applying tonifying spleen and eliminating wetness Chinese medicine treating insulin resistance.


Purposefully designing the well-defined catalysts for the selective electroreduction of CO2 to C2H4 is an extremely important but challenging work. In this work, three crystalline trinuclear copper clusters (Cu3-X, X= Cl-, Br-, NO3-) have been designed, containing three active Cu sites with the identical coordination environment and appropriate spatial distance, delivering high selectivity for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to C2H4. The highest faradaic efficiency of Cu3-X for CO2-to-C2H4 conversion can be adjusted from 31.90% to 55.01% by simply replacing the counter anions (NO3-, Cl-, Br-). The DFT calculation results verify that Cu3-X can facilitate the C-C coupling of identical *CHO intermediates, subsequently forming molecular symmetrical C2H4 product. This work provides an important molecular model system and a new design perspective for electroreduction of CO2 to C2 products with symmetrical molecular structure.


Due to the increase in cargo handling in ports, and the thereby increase of trucking directly associated with them, this article examines the impact of heavy goods vehicles generated by the port facilities on the environment. The article determines what is feasible to limit the percentage increase in the number of HGVs generated by the port areas such as container terminals or mass, which will result in a significant increase in emissions in the port city. In this study, five intersections were analyzed using micro-simulation to determine exhaust emissions such as CO, NOx, VOC, and fuel consumption. The analysis was made on the example of the port city of Gdynia in Poland, using the actual data. The use of the PTV Vissim tool made it possible to obtain the result data from the simulation of ten variants with a variant representing the current state. The results indicate that increasing the number of HGVs generated by port areas by 40% will make a significant difference in exhaust emissions. The obtained results can be useful for controlling the level of environmental pollution as predictive models.


Low-frequency instabilities of plasma waves in the arch structures in solar active regions have been investigated before a flare. In the framework of mechanism of "direct initiation" of instability by slowly increasing (quasi-static) large-scale electric field in a loop the dispersion relation has been studied for the perturbations which propagate almost perpendicularly to the magnetic field of the loop. The case has been considered, when amplitude of weak ("subdreicer") electric field sharply increases before a flare, low-frequency instability develops on the background of ion-acoustic turbulence and thickness of this turbulent plasma layer plays the role of mean characteristic scale of inhomogeneity of plasma density. If the values of the main plasma parameters, i.e. temperature, density, magnetic field amplitude allow to neglect the influence of the shear of magnetic strength lines on the instability development, then two types of the waves can be generated in preflare plasma: the kinetic Alfven waves and some new kind of the waves from the range of slowly magneto-acoustic ones. Instability of kinetic Alfven waves has clearly expressed threshold character with respect to the amplitude of "subdreicer" electric field. This fact seems to be useful for the short-time prediction of a flare in arch structure. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


MA:>;Y PEoPLE considcr that today fe\1' , if any, problems exist in urinarv tulwrcu]osis or in f;\;,t in any form of tuberculosis, Modern chemotherapy they feel has solved most of the dilIicuI ties and therein lies one of the most difficult problems, The sense or urgency in early diagnosis, planned medical and surgical ucauucnt and the adcquaucare of the patient with advanced urinary disease have tended to be f(lrgotten. It sl;ould be realized by all that tubereul( sis of the urinary tract IS, apart from mening-eal and miliary disease, probably one of the most dauucrcus and crippling forms of tuberculosis al;~1 no eflilrt should I;~ spared in a~l at tc-mpt to fine! and ae!equatl'1y treat individuals who are uufortunatrenough to have tubcrcle bacilli s(·ttling in the urinary tract.


Motivated by the photoinduced phase transition in perovskite manganites, we examine charge and spin dynamics induced by photoirradiation. We calculate the transient optical absorption spectra of the extended double-exchange model by the density matrix renormalization group method. A charge-ordered insulator (COI) becomes metallic just after photoirradiation, and the metallic state tends to recover the initial COI. This recovery is accompanied by the suppression of an antiferromagnetic correlation in the COI and is remarkable near a phase boundary in the ground state. We discuss the implications of the recent pump-probe reflection and magneto-optical Kerr spectroscopy data.


Alveolar hemorrhage (AH) is a clinical manifestation with high mortality rate that must be promptly investigated, recognized and stabilized. Causes of AH include systemic and respiratory tract infections, arterio-venous malformations, blood dyscrasias and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erithematosus, Goodpasture syndrome and primary systemic vasculitis, specially the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis such as Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome and microscopic polyangiitis. We report the case of a young female patient who developed severe AH necessitating orotracheal intubation and mechanic assisted ventilation with positive end expiratory pressure. Since no evidence of infection, malformation or blood dyscrasia was found, immediate therapy with glucocorticoids and cytotoxic drugs was started and a satisfactory control of the disease activity was achieved and has persisted for 24 months of follow-up. The clinical, laboratorial and histological data allowed establishing the diagnosis of microscopic polyangiitis.


Twelve beams of the OMEGA, 24 beam direct-drive laser facility have been converted to 351-nm wavelength operation. The performance characteristics of this short-wavelength facility will be discussed. Beam-to-beam energy balance of +-2.3% and on-target energy, at 351-nm, in excess of 70 J per beam have been demonstrated. Long-term performance (>600 shots) of the system has been optimized by appropriate choice of index matching liquid, optical materials and coatings. The application of this system in direct-drive laser fusion experiments will be discussed.


Civic engagement and foresight are connected ideas, as citizens utilize their civic imagination to work towards a picture of a better future – their preferred future. There are some key ingredients to enabling civic engagement – social capital, a sense of belonging, and trust – which are building blocks of the development of a sense of agency. Agency is the belief that one is capable of action, critical for the world of today. New ideas and issues are always emerging that have an impact on society, and communities, civil society organizations and institutions need to be monitoring for potential impacts or threats to our democratic ideals. By engaging with our civic imaginations, or our alternatives to current social, political, economic or civic environments, society can start describing what it is we are willing to work towards together. Through a horizon scan and trends analysis, several drivers, strategies, opportunities and recommendations are put forward to enable civic engagement, by invoking our civic imaginations in order to ensure it remains part of our collective future.


In the European Union there are rules regarding the determination of the reliability margin and warranty funds. Thus authorized insurers on general insurances and/or life insurances by rightful institutions from EU member countries, have to permanently have an available reliability margin according to the activity they carry on. The available reliability margin will be at least equal to the minimum reliability margin. Romanian insurers estimate the available reliability margin, as well as the minimum reliability margin, from the regulations issued by the Insurance Surveillance Committee (ISC).


Indiscriminate waste dumps represent an ecological source of diarrhoeagenic E.coli (DEC) in urban informal settlements of Durban, eThekwini Municipality, South Africa. The recovery of four DEC pathotypes including enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) (15.08%), enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) (1.54%), enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC) (1.85%) and enteroaggregative E.coli (EAEC) (21.23%) suggest that its persistence in waste-dump soil has the ability to cause under five diarrhoea. Additionally, a significant relationship (P = 0.0011) between the pathotypes identified and location of the six settlements, implied that irrespective of where these children resided, they were at potential risk of exposure to EHEC, EPEC, ETEC and EAEC when they played among these waste dump sites. Therefore, it is imperative that local government authorities take a collective leading role in combating the spread of indiscriminate dumping to prevent waste-dump exposure, specifically as ecological reservoirs of DEC pathogens in urban informal settlements.


For a single-degree-of-freedom system having an arbitrary cubic spring function, exact solutions of the free oscillations are solved in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions by employing a bilinear transformation. This fact has been shown in principle, but ad hoc algorithms are needed to obtain accurate numerical expressions of the exact solution using a normal (constant-digit digital) computer. The original system is reduced to a modified Duffing equation accompanied by a constant term. The reduced system is classified into three types, viz. oscillators with asymmetrical soft, hard, or snap-through springs. The case of an asymmetrical soft spring was treated in the previous papers. In this paper, as a continuation of the initial studies, a detailed discussion of algorithms for accurate numeration and the dynamic properties of the free oscillator having a one-dimensional asymmetrical hard spring is presented. Algorithms are developed especially for some critical cases.


The Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) is the important role for the seismic analysis and the design of Hydraulic structures. In this study the acoustic finite element model is analyzed with impounded water considering appropriate boundary conditions between the water & the upstream face of the dam .The water effect was considered according to added mass procedure as well as acoustic elements. Here the effect of fluid compressibility and the boundary conditions are used to apply the hydrodynamic pressure by the use of COMSOL multi physics software. The impact of hydrodynamic pressure on the upstream face of the dam is obtained by the computation of stress and displacements for the double curvature arch dam considering compression of fluid element.


A Grey-Markov prediction model is present ed present with variable parameters for non-equivalent spacing,after combining GM(1,1)with Markov model.The example shows the high accuracy of the prediction model which is proposed.


The aim of this study was to elicit physical activity beliefs among over weight/obese older adults. Using open-ended questions, standardized interviews were conducted among 30 participants to document their behavioral, normative and control beliefs based on the theory of planned behavior. A content analysis revealed that the most salient behavioral beliefs (benefits) concerned improvement in fitness, psychological wellbeing and cardiovascular and joint-related health. The most prevalent disadvantages involved the obligation to remain disciplined over time, joint pain and injury. Normative beliefs were associated with the familial environment. Time management, exercising alone, the weather and health prob lems represented the major control beliefs (barriers). Facilitating factors mentioned most often included noticing the benefits, integrating physical activity into the daily routine and access to nearby infrastructures. This study provided useful informa tion to develop interventions that may prove better adapted to this population.


Introduction: Chlamydia is a very common bacterial sexual transmitted infection (STI) among young adults. High numbers of asymptomatic cases hamper a timely treatment start, whereas the treatment itself is efficient and cheap. Proactive screening can decrease this mismatch. There are many models which are able to evaluate and simulate different screening options.
 Most of them though are based on old or insufficient data, are not accessible for everybody, or are not designed in a user-friendly way. Aim: We want to determine the feasibility of developing an easy-to-use chlamydia infection model, which can be easily updated to reflect changes in medical knowledge.
 Methods: Starting with a literature review, we have set up a chlamydia infection model. This model was refined with the help of STI experts. The model was implemented by using the programming language Java (version 1.6). We validated the model using internal and external validation methods. Results: The implementation of the model allows users to edit all parameters. The model consists of two separate sub-models. One sub-model simulates health effects of chlamydia for individuals, including the different outcomes in males and females. The other sub-model tracks the spreading of chlamydia within the computed cohort and regards heterosexual as well as homosexual partnerships. Both sub-models are independent of each other and therefore easily exchangeable. The overall model can be kept up to date by either updating single parameters of the model or exchanging a sub-model. The model can be operated by graphical user interfaces to enable non-health economists and non-modelling experts to work with this disease model. Discussion: We showed the feasibility of implementing an easy-to-use chlamydia model. This study can be regarded as a step towards developing more user-friendly decision support tools in health economics to assist decision makers in medicine.


A patient in their 30s presented with a 3-day history of lower back pain, lower limb weakness and new onset of urinary incontinence. The patient had a history of metastatic melanoma, including to brain, for which they had previously been treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Clinical exam revealed a palpable bladder at the umbilicus and reduced power in the lower limbs bilaterally.

An MRI whole spine with gadolinium contrast agent revealed multiple enhancing lesions at the T5/6, T9 and T12–L3 levels, pronounced spinal cord oedema and a markedly distended bladder (figures 1 and 2). The location of these lesions within the spinal canal …


Over recent years, Burkina Faso has made significant macroeconomic progress and implemented basic structural reforms under Fund-supported programs. Real GDP growth averaged some 52 percent during the last five years, and inflation was reduced to extremely low levels. However, it is to be noted that the deficit of the current account deficit remains high, reflecting the low level of savings and a number of structural constraints that still face the economy. My Burkinabe authorities are aware that, in spite of the performance registered in recent years on the macroeconomic front, considerable economic challenges need to be addressed to improve the living standards of the population, about half of which live below the absolute poverty line. In addition, as reflected in the social indicators, a large part of the population has no access to basic social services, such as education, health, and safe water. These deficiencies constrain human development and labor productivity (particularly in rural areas), and constitute a major impediment to sustainable development.


Clark, JE. The use of an 8-week mixed-intensity interval endurance-training program improves the aerobic fitness of female soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 24(7): 1773-1781, 2010-The purpose of this study is to examine improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (&OV0312;o2) after the use of a mixed-intensity interval endurance-training (MI-ET) program in female soccer players, to validate the MI-ET program as an appropriate training regimen to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (&OV0312;o2) in soccer players. 32 female soccer players (average 18.66 ± 0.31 years) were recruited from a group of currently conditioning local U-19 and college soccer teams and randomly assigned to participate in an 8-week periodized training program that involved either the MI-ET program or the continuation of a current endurance-training (ET) program. Analysis of variance indicates no differences in &OV0312;o2 values within the group of athletes before participating in the exercise program. After the 8 weeks of training, the MI-ET group of athletes had significantly greater average &OV0312;o2 values (62.13 ± 0.96 ml O2·kg−1·min−1 vs. 57.27 ± 1.59 ml O2·kg−1·min−1), p = 0.015, along with a greater group average of change in &OV0312;o2 (12.44 ± 0.92 ml O2·kg−1·min−1 vs. 7.72 ± 0.99 ml O2·kg−1·min−1), p < 0.001. The MI-ET program is shown to be a valid means to improve aerobic fitness as indicated by the MI-ET group exhibiting significantly greater &OV0312;o2 measures after training.


Two new iron-oxo clusters, viz. di-mu-trifluoroacetato-mu-oxo-bis[(2,2'-bipyridine-kappa(2)N,N')(trifluoroacetato-kappaO)iron(III)], [Fe(2)O(CF(3)CO(2))(4)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)], and bis(2,2'-bipyridine)di-mu(3)-oxo-hexa-mu-trifluoroacetato-bis(trifluoroacetato)tetrairon(III) trifluoroacetic acid solvate, [Fe(4)O(2)(CF(3)CO(2))(8)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)].CF(3)CO(2)H, contain dinuclear and tetranuclear Fe(III) cores, respectively. The Fe(III) atoms are in distorted octahedral environments in both compounds and are linked by oxide and trifluoroacetate ions. The trifluoroacetate ions are either bridging (bidentate) or coordinated to the Fe(III) atoms via one O atom only. The fluorinated peripheries enhance the solubility of these compounds. Formal charges for all the Fe centers were assigned by summing valences of the chemical bonds to the Fe(III) atom.


Li-ion battery cathode materials Li1-xYxFePO4/C(x=0,0.01,0.02 and 0.03) were prepared by high temperature solid-state method with glucose as carbon sources and Y2O3 as dopant.The initial charge-discharge capacities of the materials were increased first and then decreased with the increasing of x.The 0.1 C initial specific discharge capacities of the materials by adding 5% glucose with x=0.01 and 0.02 were 131.37 mAh/g and 142.10 mAh/g,respectively.


Eleven different synthetic ultramarine pigments of a set of more than 1300 pigments at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna were chosen for a detailed study and comparative analysis. A thorough investigation was done by x-ray fluorescence analysis, xray diffractometry, Raman and infrared spectroscopy as well as colourimetry. The S3 /S2 ratio responsible for the hue of the pure ultramarine pigments as well as other compounds influencing the final hue of the colourant were precisely determined for each sample. A correlation between the relative concentration of the yellow chromophore, S2 -, and the hue of the pigment has been established and the correlation between the colour saturation of the pigment and its hue was determined.


The contradiction between legal prescriptions and judgments in individual cases penetrate the whole course of the judicial trail. Their conflicts are reflected as: abstract and concretion, ordinariness and particularity, static state and development. With his trail in a case for a just judgment, the judge takes it his duty to solve the contradiction between the legal prescriptions and judgments.


We propose a new approach to abduction, i.e., nondeductive inference to find a hypothesis H for an observation O such that H,KB ⊢ O where KB is background knowledge. We reformulate it linear algebraically in vector spaces to abduce relations, not logical formulas, to realize approximate but scalable abduction that can deal with web-scale knowledge bases. More specifically we consider the problem of abducing relations for Datalog programs with binary predicates. We treat two cases, the non-recursive case and the recursive case. In the non-recursive case, given r1(X ,Y ) and r3(X ,Z), we abduce r2(Y,Z) so that r3(X ,Z)⇔∃Yr1(X ,Y )∧ r2(Y,Z) approximately holds, by computing a matrix R2 that approximately satisfies a matrix equationR3 =min1(R1R2) containing a nonlinear function min1(x). Here R1, R2 and R3 encode as adjacency matrix r1(X ,Y ), r2(Y,Z) and r3(Y,Z) respectively. We apply this matrix-based abduction to rule discovery and relation discovery in a knowledge graph. The recursive case is mathematically more involved and computationally more difficult but solvable by deriving a recursive matrix equation and solving it. We illustrate concrete recursive cases including a transitive closure relation.


Adhesion measurements on poly(dimethyl)siloxane samples were performed, for the first time, with flat glass probes under controlled tilt angle and the results were compared with measurements from spherical probes of two different radii. Experiments were made on both flat and patterned samples with structure diameters of 4.7 μm and heights of 0.82 μm and 1.95 μm, respectively. Pull-off forces measured with spherical probes showed the usual preload dependence and were independent of misalignment angle. On the other hand, pull-off forces measured with aligned flat probes were preload-independent, but dropped significantly and became preload-dependent with increasing misalignment. This effect was more pronounced for structured samples, where a misalignment by 0.2° resulted in a drop of adhesion by more than 30%. The comparison indicates that measurements from spherical probes underestimate adhesive forces for structured surfaces if compared with aligned flat probes. Finally, we propose a simple model which allows the prediction of angle-dependent plateau values of pull-off forces for measurements with flat probes on flat samples.


This paper re-addresses the issue of international currency substitution, estimating a money demand equation for the euro-area. The testing procedure accounts for two alternative theories of money demand—the liquidity services model and the portfolio-balance model. The evidence found is favorable to the CS hypothesis in general and to the liquidity services model of money demand in particular. This result, somehow expected, challenges some recent literature on Euro-Area money demand that has been exclusively devoted to the closed economy portfolio-balance model.


The emotion-resulting-senility is an integral part of TCM theory.Required by established new medicine mode,more emphases should be put on the discussion about the reasons and mechanism of emotion-resulting-senility.From the point of etiology,TCM theory holds that emotions have dual nature,and only the pathologic emotional activity can accelerate senility;At the meantime,only on certain conditions can the emotions result senility,which is also related to the human body's congential and acquired factors.From the point of pathogenic mechanism,it is considered that the emotional dysfunction cause illness and senility by deficiency of viscera,decay of Qi and blood,disarrangement of Qi,imbalance between yin and yang,phlegm coagulation and blood stasis.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has become a major health threat. To overcome COVID‐19, appropriate diagnosis methods are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the colloidal gold immunochromatography assay for SARS‐Cov‐2 IgM/IgG antibody (Ab).


BACKGROUND
There are a few studies conducted on job stress dimensions and their relationship with Low Back Pain (LBP) among Iranian nurses.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between job stress dimensions assessed via Demand-Control-Social Support (DCS) and Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) models and prevalence of LBP among Iranian hospital nurses.

METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 495 randomly selected nurses of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) participated. Demographic/occupational questionnaire, the Persian version of the Job Content Questionnaire (P-JCQ) and the Persian version of the ERI Questionnaire (P-ERIQ) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 19) using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and logistic regression.

RESULTS
The LBP prevalence was found to be 69.9%. The means±standard deviations of job stress dimensions were obtained as follows: decision latitude: 64.67±6.82, physical job demands: 15.52±2.6, social support: 23.18±3.65, psychological job demands: 38.02±4.98, effort: 8.73±2.62, reward: 23.12±5.31, over-commitment: 12.25±3.09, and effort-reward ratio: 0.86±0.3. The findings revealed that the work experience (OR = 1.56), psychological job demands (OR = 1.082), and effort-reward ratio (OR = 3.43) were predictors for LBP among the study population.

CONCLUSION
The prevalence rate of LBP among studied nurses was high. About half of nurses had high psychological demands, low decision latitude and low social support. Based on the effort-reward ratio, nurses had experienced high level of stress. Interventional programs and coping strategies for reduction of work-related stress and, subsequently, prevention of LBP are recommended among hospital nurses.


It is not exaggerating to say that much of the historiography of English (and European) education is future-oriented, even whiggish, as historians flirt with policymaking. The historiography is pointed toward the de velopment of centralized state systems of education, with governments as the principal suppliers of schools, colleges, and universities. It is often concerned with the builders of such systems, the proto-bureaucrats of the great period of change in the mid-nineteenth century; and it just as often assumes that state provision for mass education, with particular regard to the improvement of life chances for working-class groups, is far and away the most important of all themes in the history of education. Private or independent sectors of education are generally viewed with suspicion or dislike as obstacles to political democracy and wider social opportunity, and the historiography implicitly favors their removal or curtailment by a vigilant state bureaucracy empowered with the necessary parliamentary authority. From this point of view, the survival and pop ularity of select schools are baffling and to say the least irritating, and are attributed to a variety of conservative forces and rigidities, such as class prejudice and bureaucrats with elitist or meritocratic mentalities.


Abstract High-density cusps of compact remnants are expected to form around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei via dynamical friction and two-body relaxation. Due to the high density, binaries in orbit around the SMBH can frequently undergo close encounters with compact remnants from the cusp. This can affect the gravitational wave merger rate of compact binaries in galactic nuclei. We investigated this process by means of high accuracy few-body simulations, performed with a novel Monte Carlo approach. We find that, around a SgrA*-like SMBH, three-body encounters increase the number of mergers by a factor of 3. This occurs because close encounters can reorient binaries with respect to their orbital plane around the SMBH, increasing the number of Kozai-Lidov induced mergers. We obtain a binary black hole merger rate of ГMW = 1.6 × 10−6 yr−1 per Milky Way-like nucleus.


Dams are amongst the most important components of water resource systems. In many places the water regulated by and stored in dams is essential to meet the development objectives of water supply, f ...


Distribution of Baetodes huaico extends up to the Province of San Luis (Argentina). This constitutes the southernmost record of this species. Morphologicla characteristics were used for the species recognition.


Objective: To investigate the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the neurospongioma of human brain and their roles in the pathogenesis and the grade of glioma. Methods: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the level of MMP-2 and MMP-2 in surgical samples from 30 patients suffered from glioma. Results: The expression rate of MMP-2 in grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ were increased respectively. The expression rate of TIMP-2 in these two groups increased respectively. The differences between these two indexes in two groups had statistical significance (P<0.01). There was negative correlation in the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the ratio of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 was far more different in each groups. Conclusion: The increased expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in human glioma tissue played an important role in evaluating the malignant degree of human glimas.


A study was conducted to find out the level of anxiety among patients suffering from COPD and coping strategies adopted by them in outpatient department of selected hospitals in Kolkata. The conceptual framework adopted for the study was based on "Sr. Roy's adaptation model". Convenient sampling technique was adopted to collect data. Three tools were used for collection of data–semi-structured interview schedule for demographic data, standardize tool BAI for measurement of level of anxiety and standardize tool Brief COPE inventory to find out the coping strategy used by them. The finding of the study revealed that 58% COPD patient had mild anxiety. Only association between age and level of anxiety was significant. The study result revealed that 66% COPD patients were used religious coping style significantly. The study can be implicated to practical nursing field, as well as indoor patients also. Further study can be made on a large sample with different settings for finalization.


This contribution addresses the possibility of integration of an induction machine rotor fault monitoring technique into batch tests. Conventional monitoring techniques are designed for the area of rated torque. Generally load torque is not available at batch test as the test sample shouldn't or can't be clutched. However, at standstill, machine torque and machine currents are big enough to enable rotor monitoring. The short-circuit tests are applicable for diagnostic purposes. This application is demonstrated by means of the Vienna monitoring method (VMM), which is a model based evaluation technique.


Barley straw is a lignocellulose agricultural waste material that can be utilized as a raw material for ethanol production since it is easy to find, cheap, and has the potential to produce ethanol yield. This research aims to select the optimum pretreatment conditions to increase fermentable sugar production during enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. Initially, sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (v/v) pre-treated barley straw biomass was applied by autoclaving at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Furthermore, acid-treated barley straw under the alkaline condition with calcium hydroxide concentrations of 1, 2, 3, and 4% (w/v) was autoclaved at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Subsequently, the pretreatment of barley straw in the acetic and alkaline processes was compared. It was found that calcium hydroxide at a concentration of 2% (w/v) gave more sugar concentrations. Finally, combined acid and alkaline pretreatment with 2% of cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis had the highest total sugar concentration of 205.43 g/L and reducing sugar of 134.42 g/L, producing the highest ethanol yield (16.17 g/L) by 24 hours of fermentation.


This paper is concerned with a delay differential equationx=-x + f(y(t-r)), y=-y-f(x(t-r)),where delay r is a positive constant, and f is a signal transmission function of McCulloch-Pitts type.We obtain some sufficient and necessary conditions for the asymptotic behavior of network (*) with σ ≤-1 .The results obtained show that the large time behaviors of solutions of (*) are dependent of r if σ= -1. These results improve the corresponding theorems in [3] by removing the restriction of the initial conditions.


Biomedical and social research are essential for the development of better interventions to prevent and treat illnesses. The amount and level of this research will increase within India as globalization accelerates. For biomedical research to be accepted by both the scientific community and by the public (an equal partner in all research endeavors), it must conform to certain ethical guidelines. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has recently updated its own "Ethical Guide-lines for Biomedical Research on Human Subjects", after four years of thoughtful discussion and dialogue. As stated by the former chief justice of India, Justice M.N. Venkatachaliah, in the guidelines foreword, "...any system of ethical guidelines on research needs to be cognizant of, and informed by, a sensitive balance of the risks and benefits(2). The National Committee for Ethics and Social Science Research in Health (NCESSRH) has also published the first "Ethical Guidelines for Social Science Research in Health" for India(2). To further a dialogue on ethical issues in health research in South Asia, the Achutha Menon Center for Health Science Studies of the Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, recently organized a four-day workshop on "Ethical Issues in Health Research in South Asia" during the week of January 29, 2001. Researchers, funders of research and ethicists from South Asia and other Asian countries were brought together to share their experiences and to discuss ethical guidelines. In the workshop, extensive use was made of cases to illustrate principles articulated in earlier lectures. We would like to share with the readers of 'Indian Pediatrics', some of the important issues discussed in the workshop and to suggest ways that the quality of research ethics might be improved.


A simulated environment of shot-time(min)periodically changed climatic parameters of solar radiation,temperature,humidity and air velocity was developed to carry out the experiments of building envelope repeatedly,which is an effective solution to study the solar passive evaporation cooling effect of porous materials in natural climate.Hot-humid climatic wind tunnel paper introduced can simulate above natural climate environmental elements according to the variant velocity of flow and simulated solar radiant intensity regulation.A performance debug of the environmental measurement and control system was carried out and differences between instructions and simulations were-0.6%,+2.9%,+0.7%,-0.7% for solar radiation,air velocity,temperature and humidity respectively.The hot-humid climatic wind tunnel was adapted to the study of passive evaporation cooling effect of porous materials.


In order to research the growth rule and its potential heterosis of white plumage Fei Ducks,the body weight and the feed efficiency were studied between the white plumage Fei Ducks and their hybrid ducks from 0 to 9th week.The results showed as follows:(1) During 9 weeks in white plumage Fei Ducks,the body weight was 1133.87 g and the average feed gain ratio was 4.24.There was no sex significant difference in growth traits from 0 to 8th week,except in the 9th week(P﹤0.05).(2) During 9 weeks in hybrid ducks,the body weight was 1 409.62 g and the average feed gain ratio was 4.03.There was no sex significant difference in body weight.(3) The body weight of hybrid ducks were significantly higher than that of white plumage Fei Ducks in the 1st week(P﹤0.05) and the 2nd~9th week(P﹤ 0.01),indicating the obvious heterosis.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the common grounds that quality and productivity share. Hence, this paper reflects a melange of quality and productivity and sets forth the path to profitable outcomes of quality implementations.Design/methodology/approach – The main approach to the topic is through the basic shop floor understanding of the term quality. The research method used in this paper utilize a range of text books as well as journal paper on quality and total quality management (TQM). Various graphs and figures are very sensibly constructed from the text and well quoted where ever they are inspired from a source. As with the myriad definitions available for quality, this paper starts with the notion of quality as applicable to individuals and hence selected definitions of quality (from quality gurus) have been included. After the basics of TQM have been discussed, the central theme of the paper, i.e. quality and productivity; and its relation is explored. The paper then concludes w...


: The Compact High Energy Camera (CHEC) is a camera-development project involving UK, US, Japanese and Dutch institutes for the dual-mirror Small-Sized Telescopes (SST-2M) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Two CHEC prototypes, based on different photosensors are funded and will be assembled and tested in the UK over the next ≈ 18 months. CHEC is designed to record flashes of Cherenkov light lasting from a few to a hundred nanoseconds, with typical RMS image width and length of ∼ 0 . 2 ◦ × 1 . 0 ◦ , and has a 9 ◦ field of view. The physical camera geometry is dictated by the telescope optics: a curved focal surface with radius of curvature 1 m and diameter ∼ 35 cm is required. CHEC is designed to work with both the ASTRI and GATE SST-2M telescope structures and will include an internal LED flasher system for calibration. The first CHEC prototype will be based on multi-anode photomultipliers (MAPMs) and the second on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs or MPPCs). The first prototype will soon be installed on the ASTRI SST-2M prototype structure on Mt. Etna.


The present invention relates to a new use pennycress promoter, in particular, a child or an extract pennycress use thereof in the manufacture of a medicament in the treatment of depression. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions and a method comprising preparing a sub pennycress or extract thereof. The test proved depression, child pennycress the present invention or the extract thereof is effective for the treatment of depression, child pennycress its extracts having desirable pharmacological effects of antidepressant comprehensive terms, due to various reasons can treat , may also play a satisfactory role of adjuvant therapy, while the rich pennycress sub-sources of raw materials, provides a new option for the treatment of clinical depression.


Abstract Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio galaxies are generally thought to be the young counterparts of classical extended radio sources and live in massive ellipticals. GPS sources are vital for studying the early evolution of radio-loud AGN, the trigger of their nuclear activity, and the importance of feedback in galaxy evolution. We study the Parkes half-Jansky sample of GPS radio galaxies of which now all host galaxies have been identified and 80% has their redshifts determined (0.122 < z < 1.539). Analysis of the absolute magnitudes of the GPS host galaxies show that at z > 1 they are on average a magnitude fainter than classical 3C radio galaxies. This suggests that the AGN in young radio galaxies have not yet much influenced the overall properties of the host galaxy. However their restframe UV luminosities indicate that there is a low level of excess as compared to passive evolution models.


Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) (OMIM #214500) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene, LYST, or CHS1. Typically, CHS presents, with variable degrees of oculocutaneous albinism, immunodeficiency, bleeding diathesis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH or the "accelerated phase").1 Neurological involvement in CHS can include intellectual impairment, sensory-motor neuropathy, cerebellar disease, and dementia.2, 3 Parkinsonism and its response to dopaminergic therapy has rarely been reported.2,4,5 A subset of CHS patients have a muted pigmentary or hematological presentation while their neurological symptoms dominate their disease.6, 7 We a provide video illustration of his therapeutic response to levodopa along with skin pigment dilution features, brain imaging and leukocyte morphology in a young adult male with CHS whose clinical presentation is dominated by motor and non-motor parkinsonian symptoms with a brisk and sustained therapeutic response to levodopa therapy.


Dental surveys to collect data on the developing dentition of school children are routinely performed by many health authorities in the UK. A standard software package is used by health authorities to store the results of the surveys. At present only one data file can be loaded into the dental survey program for analysis at any given time. Analysis of more than one data set at a time is therefore not possible. The overall aims of the collection of vast amounts of clinical data are many. Analysis of data sets containing both clinical and socio-economical data elements are of great interest to senior management of health authorities. The results of data analysis can aid in the planning and provision of dental resources in areas of identified need. To date no evidence is available to suggest that previous efforts to amalgamate and analyse the available epidemiological data have been made. The paper looks at the problems and a possible solution of designing and populating a relational database with the collection of survey data sets.


Purpose. The research purpose is to study the peculiarities of chemical pollution of the Nadiya mine rock dumps in the Chervonohrad Mining District, depending on the relief conditions and slope exposure, as well as to analyze the general trends in the distribution of chemical elements compared to the natural background. Methods. The chemical pollution differentiation of the Nadiya mine rock dumps at the level of ecotopes is studied on the basis of dispersion analysis; multidimensional ordination of ecotopes in the space of geochemical indicators – based on the Principle Component Analysis; a typological scheme of mine rock dump ecotopes is constructed based on discriminant analysis; statistical processing of chemical pollution parameters. Findings. It has been determined that the level of chemical pollution of the Nadiya mine rock dumps is characterized by significant heterogeneity even within the same slope exposure. Similarity in the distribution of chemical elements makes it possible to distinguish 6 of their associations, the main of which are I (Mg, Ca, S) and II (Al, Fe, K, Si). An analysis of the dependence between the chemical element concentrations indicates a close link between many parameters. It has been revealed that the closest dependence on the anthropogenic load intensity is demonstrated by such elements as Mg, Pb, Sn, Fe, Al, Cu, P, Ni, Zn. It has been determined that the difference between the ecotopes of different dump exposures is explained mainly by the level of Ca and Al concentration. Originality. It has been revealed for the first time that the Nadiya mine rock dumps of the Chervonohrad Mining District are characterized by an ecological space, which is assessed on the basis of the ordination of ecotopes on the axes of complex geochemical gradients of the environment. The typological scheme of mine rock dumps reflects the gradient of soil cover chemical pollution compared to the natural background. Practical implications. By determining the geochemical conditions of ecotopes in a certain period of time, it is possible to identify their position in the ecological-cenotic space of dump vegetation, as well as to predict the stability and possible changes in the vegetation cover as a result of various forms of anthropogenic impact.


Suicides are a highly significant, yet largely preventable public health issue. The workplace is an important venue for health and safety, which includes concerns related to mental health and suicide prevention. Employers, unions, worker groups, practitioners, and suicide prevention specialists can all play an important role in suicide prevention. Objective To examine suicide deaths among working-age residents in Massachusetts and to determine industries and occupations with high numbers and rates of suicides. Methods The Massachusetts Violent Death Reporting System and Massachusetts death certificates were used to analyze suicide deaths from 2016 to 2019. Counts and rates were generated by demographics and industry and occupation groupings. Results There were 2199 working-age Massachusetts residents who died by suicide. Higher suicide rates were associated with being male, 65 years or older, White, and non-Hispanic or having military background. Suicide rates were higher among the construction industry sector and the construction and extraction occupational group compared with the average rate for all Massachusetts workers. Conclusions Suicide rates differed between industries and occupations, suggesting that work-related factors may play a role and should be considered when planning outreach initiatives and interventions.


To estimate the biological signals from noisy environment wavelet shrinkage method is popularly used. Hard and garrote filters are existing filters in this method. A new hybrid thresholding filter is designed in this paper for remove the noise present in the signal. This filter is applied to ECG signals corrupted with white Gaussian noise. FDR method and Hypothesis method are used for calculate the threshold value for thresholding filter. The results of hybrid thresholding filter are compared with existing filters using Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE). From the results, it is clear that the new hybrid thresholding filter performs better than both existing hard and garrote filters with FDR method and Hypothesis method.


Based on chemical analysis of iron-bearing burden material,fuel,slag,dust and sludge,zinc balance was calculated for No.A blast furnace of Ma-Steel.The results show that the total zinc amount entering into the blast furnace is nearly balanced with the discharging amount of zink under stable operation conditions;the main factor which effects on Zn load of blast furnace is the Zn content of sinter ore,it can reach to more than 50% of the total Zn content;70% of total Zn is discharging by sludge.Some advices on iron-bearing burden material,operating system and refractory are presented to control the zinc load and to reduce the circulation of zinc.


This study aims to determine the feasibility of the import and marketing of Tia Maria coffee liqueur in the Metropolitan District of Quito. Market research was conducted in the city of Quito, to determine the tastes and preferences related to the product prior to the introduction of the market, analyze the price, strategies and product distribution. Based on the financial evaluation is considered that the proposed importation and distribution of Tia Maria coffee liqueur in the Metropolitan District of Quito and not very feasible concerning previous years.


In this paper we describe a model based on mechanical signaling to study the propagation of wavefronts in Drosophila embryos during mitosis. In this model the embryo membrane is modeled using the equations of elasticity for thin membranes, including the effects of external (dipole type) forces and a damping term. After a brief introduction to the equations for thin membranes and mechanical signaling, we describe a finite element scheme for the approximate solution of the resulting diffusion type system of partial differential equations. We present some preliminary results of a computer simulation using the proposed model assuming the embryo membrane is an ellipsoidal shell.


A significant flight hazard associated with liquid propellants, such as those used in the upper stage of NASA's new Ares I launch vehicle, is the possibility of leakage of hazardous fluids resulting in a catastrophic fire/explosion. The enclosed and vented interstage of the Ares I contains numerous oxidizer and fuel supply lines as well as ignition sources. The potential for fire/explosion due to leaks during ascent depends on the relative concentrations of hazardous and inert fluids within the interstage along with other variables such as pressure, temperature, leak rates, and fluid outgasing rates. This analysis improves on previous NASA Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) estimates of the probability of deflagration, in which many of the variables pertinent to the problem were not explicitly modeled as a function of time. This paper presents the modeling methodology developed to analyze these risks.


Merely 26% of India has internet access, and there are only 200 million users of digital payment services. A report by Google India and Boston Consulting Group showed that last year around 75 percent of transactions in India were cash-based while in developed countries like the US, Japan, France, Germany etc it was around 20-25 percent. In this paper, a complete analysation has been done on farmers community, during the period of 'Demonitization'.Being 'Cashless' is a concrete step, but a regular campaigns and demonstration are required to enhance financial literacy among farmers and labourers.Co-operatives Such as IFFCO,KRIBCHO has done well in enhancing 'financial literacy' among farmers. Even the RBI has also recently unveiled unveiled a document — "Payments and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2018" — setting out a plan to encourage electronic payments and to enable India to move towards a cashless society or economy in the medium and long term. Another major benefit is erosion of corruption. From a credible source, Only 24 lakh people of India declare their income more than 10 lakh /per year. Being Cashless Motto of Government would bring all black cashes and black Money together, under the eye of Government


This cohort study examines changes in research pancreas procurement from deceased donors before and after the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) updated its Final Rule in November 2020.


Thrust of linear motor is one of the important factor to specify motor performance. Maximum thrust can be obtained by increasing the current in conductor and is relative to the sizes of conductor and magnet. But, the current and the size of conductor have an effect on temperature of linear motor. Therefore, it is practically important to find design results that can effectively maximize the thrust of linear motor within limited range of temperature. Finite element analysis was applied to calculate thrust and the temperature of the conductor was calculated by the thermal resistance. The diameter of copper wire among design variables has discrete value and number of turns must be integer. Considering these facts, special techinque for optimum design is presented. To reduce excessive computation time of thrust in optimization, the design variables was redefined by analysis of variance and second order regression model for thrust was determined by response surface metheodology. As a result, it is shown that the proposed method has an advantage in optimum design of linear motor.


Fire can have large effects on ecosystems, with phosphorus being highly important in this regard, especially when considering productivity in burned or adjacent ecosystems after fire. Unfortunately, existing data pose contradictions and methodological challenges to assessing P availability. Here, the impact of fire on topsoil available P was estimated using three different types of organic soil layers (raw humus from spruce, humus from beech, and peat) and two fire regimes (obtaining black carbon and ash). Our findings suggest a strong fire impact on P availability, by enhancing available P during burning to black carbon (~10-fold), and to ash (~2- to 7.5-fold) dependent on calcite content. Fire impact on P availability is on a similar order of magnitude as mineral weathering and annual P cycling/uptake in/by ecosystems. Furthermore, the proportion of available P in relation to total P depends on the origin of the organic soil layers. When related to the remaining mass after burning, as is commonly done, ...


The Covid-19 pandemic requires learning at various levels to be carried out using a distance learning model. In fact, learning Arabic does not escape this situation. This requires teachers to be more innovative in designing online-based learning media. Therefore, the MTQ (Mobile Turjumanul Qur'an) application is used as a companion to the "Turjumanul Qur'an" textbook that students have used in learning Arabic vocabulary. This study aims to describe the learning of Arabic vocabulary using the book "Turjumanul Qur'an" which is combined with an Android-based MTQ application for students of SMP al-Furqon Jember. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study model. The results showed that mufrodat learning with the book "Turjumanul Qur'an" combined with the MTQ application has 3 stages, namely: opening activities, core activities and closing activities. The opening activity consists of online teacher perceptions and motivations. Then, the core activities consist of planting concepts, understanding concepts and practicing with drill techniques. This lesson was closed with reinforcement in the form of reinforcement through the MTQ application (Mobile Turjumanul Qur'an).


Burn wounds are often amenable to excision and grafting, but pedicled and free flaps are sometimes necessary to achieve closure of complex wounds. Flap coverage of exposed bone, tendons and cartilage has classicaly been delayed in acute burn patients due to concern of progressive tissue necrosis, microvascular thrombosis and percieved high failure rates. More recently, a number of reports have demonstrated that the use of flaps is safe earlier in acute burn care. We aim to elucidate the role of flaps in primary burn woud coverage leveraging national US data.

 Acute burn patients with known % total body surface area were extracted from the Nationwide/National Inpatient Sample from 2002–2014 based on International Classification of Disease (ICD) Codes 9th edition. Flap procedures were identified based on ICD-9 procedure codes. Flap and non-flapped patients were compared using multivariable analysis. Variables included age, gender, race, Elixhauser comorbidity index, %TBSA, burn mechanism, inhalation injury, and location of burn. Flap complication was defined by ICD-9 procedure code 8675, return to OR for revision of flap. Multivariable analysis evaluated predictors of flap compromise based on stepwise logistic regression with backwards elimination.

 The weighted sample included 306,924 encounters of which 526 received a flap (0.17%). The mean age of encounters receiving a flap was 45.0 (SD 21.2) years versus 35.5 (SD 24.2) years in the non flap group (p=0.023). 7.8% of patients who received a flap suffered electric injury compared to 2.7% of non-free flap encounters (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.95–7.24, p< 0.001). Patients who underwent flap wound coverage were more likely to have a lower extremity burn; 55.3% of encounters versus 43.1% in non- flap patients (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.05–2.15, p=0.024). There were no significant differences in gender, race, Elixhauser comorbidity index, %TBSA, or inhalation injury. The mean hospital day of the flap procedure was 10.1 (SD 10.7) days. Flap complications occurred in 6.4% of flap encounters. The only independent predictor of flap complication was electrical injury (OR 40.49, 95% OR 2.98–550.64, p=0.005). The time to flap coverage and location were not associated with complications.

 Electrical injury was an independent predictor of flap complications compared to other mechanisms. Flap timing was not associated with return to surgery for complications. This suggests that the use of flaps is safe in acute burn care to achieve burn wound closure with an understanding that electrical injuries may deserve particular consideration to avoid failure.

 Inform surgeon decision making when deciding candidacy for flap surgery in acute burn patients.


Computer models and information systems have been used for urban planning and design since the 1950s. Their capacity for analysis and problem-solving has increased substantially since then with hardware and software being able to manage large amounts of data. The beginning of the 2000s brought better technologies for data visualisation and intuitive software products and nowadays they are being used to design and manipulate highly complex urban systems.

However, ontological and epistemological questions remain about the nature of urban environments. What do we know about cities - and what is a city exactly? What theoretical models can be applied to the study of cities? How do we translate a city into data? What type of information really matters and what do we want to communicate with them? What are the implications of computer modelling for urban planning and design?

This paper reviews how digital technologies have been used to shape our understanding of cities – implicating the development of urban theories – and how they impact the design and planning of cities. The point of depart is a scrutiny of the emergence of modern planning in the nineteenth century when cities became a 'scientific subject'. A range of theories and concepts of the urban form and urban growth developed during the twentieth century will be presented and then linked to the first investigations involving the use of the computer for modelling and planning. The paper concludes with some discussions around the interaction of computing and urban theories.


We extend the investigation of three-dimensional Hamiltonian systems of non-subgroup type admitting non-zero magnetic fields and an axial symmetry, namely the circular parabolic case, the oblate spheroidal case and the prolate spheroidal case. More precisely, we focus on linear and some special cases of quadratic superintegrability. In the linear case, no new superintegrable system arises. In the quadratic case, we found one new minimally superintegrable system that lies at the intersection of the circular parabolic and cylindrical cases and another one at the intersection of the cylindrical, spherical, oblate spheroidal and prolate spheroidal cases. By imposing additional conditions on these systems, we found for each quadratically minimally superintegrable system a new infinite family of higher-order maximally superintegrable systems. These two systems are linked respectively with the caged and harmonic oscillators without magnetic fields through a time-dependent canonical transformation.


Background: One of the easiest sign to identify during chest sonography is the movement of the visceral pleura compared to immobility of the parietal pleura. This sign of 'pleural sliding', firstly described in veterinary medicine and was used to exclude the presence of pneumothorax when present and to suspect atelectasis, fibrosis or pleural adhesions (pleurodesis) when absent.
Aim of the Work: This study aims to detect successful pleurodesis with povidone-iodine in patients with malignant pleural effusion by using the chest ultrasonography.
Subjects and Methods: This study was carried out on 30 patients with malignant pleural effusion attended to AL-Hussein University hospital, Al-Azhar University in the period between October 2017 and May 2018.All patients underwent full history taking, complete clinical examination, plain chest X-ray, routine lab investigations, CT scan of the chest, pleural fluid analysis including physical, chemical, Bacteriological and cytological examination for malignant cells, medical thoracoscopy, transthoracic ultrasonography before and after pleurodesis to assess the presence or absence of sliding sign.
Results: The results of this study revealed that the transthoracic ultrasound can easily detect sliding sign and assess the success of pleurodesis. Iodopovidone was effective in inducing pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion.
Conclusion: Transthoracic ultrasound for the evaluation of pleurodesis is feasible and simple.Iodopovidone was effective in inducing pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion.


The term "informativity degree" means to what extent the information contained in a text comes out beyond or within the receiver's expectation. Too low degree of informativity makes a text tiresome, while too high degree makes it hard to understand. De Beaugrande and Dressler, categorized textual informativity into three different degrees. A good producer should know well about the way of upgrading and downgrading the informativity while producing a text. Foreign language teachers should also think much of imformativity degree in their teaching of writing. With such intention, the writer of this paper particularized the two major factors that have to be considered while fixing the informativity degree of an undone text, and also presented a so-called "drill of upgrading and downgrading informativity" so as to train the students to adjust the informativity degree of a text.


Cerebral palsy (CP) is 'an umbrella term covering a group of nonprogressive, but often changing, motor impairment syndromes secondary to lesions or anomalies of the brain arising in the early stages of its development' (1). The clinical picture may vary considerably, ranging from mild monoplegia with normal intellect to severe total body spasticity and mental retardation. The common denominator is the presence of a motor disorder arising from a brain lesion or anomaly that is nonprogressive and presents early in life (2). Advances in medical care, changes in society's attitudes to infants, children and adults with disabilities have redirected the long-term management of CP from passive, supportive care to a more active, interventionist treatment. As a result, anaesthetic involvement in the care of patients, particularly children, with CP has increased. This review aims to discuss recent developments in the aetiology, diagnosis and anaesthetic related management of CP.


The Internet of Flying Things and related emerging technologies, such as the System-Wide Information Management Infrastructure of the Federal Aviation Administration NextGen program, present numero...


This paper analyses a newly constructed individual level dataset of every English death and probate from 1892-2016. The estimated top wealth shares match closely existing estimates. However, this analysis clearly shows that the 20th century's 'Great Equalization' of wealth stalled in mid-century. The probate rate, which captures the proportion of English with any significant wealth at death rose from 10% in the 1890s to 40% by 1950 and has stagnated to 2016. Despite the large declines in the wealth share of the top 1%, from 73% to 20%, the median English person died with almost nothing throughout. All changes in inequality after 1950 involve a reshuffling of wealth within the top 30%. Further, I find that a log-linear distribution fits the empirical data better than a Pareto power law. Finally, I show that the top wealth shares are increasingly and systematically male as one ascends in wealth, 1892-1992, but this has equalized over the 20th century.


A fix is determined by the intersection of at least two position circles. There is no argument when sights are simultaneous. Two transfer techniques are demonstrated in the ANM when sights are not simultaneous, the running fix technique (RFT) and the GHA-Dec updating technique (GD-UT). With RFT/LSQ*1 the transferred position line is thus supposed to represent a transferred position circle as the mathematical locus of all points on the original position circle transferred for a given run. This condition is met with GD-UT but as we will see it is not with RFT/LSQ*.


Clinical record keeping is the core component of good and quality practice. Dental records provide characteristic features of an individual and thus aids in forensic investigations. A thorough habit of maintaining dental records, also gives an edge in the legal matters such as personal identification by antemortem records, age estimation, insurance etc.Therefore, this article gives an overview about the dental records and their role in forensic investigations.


The development of new drugs from heterocyclic biomolecules is a challenge for scientific research. In this regard, the case of Hydantoins, tetrazoles, lactams and lactones, the most prominent of the heterocyclics offer conditions for this purpose, given their potential to confer a great diversity of bioactivities. Therefore, the
development of new methods for their preparation constitutes an interesting challenge for organic chemists in general and in the area of carbohydrates in particular. In this work we report the synthesis of hydantoin, tetrazole, lactone and lactam derivatives, known as antibiotics, insecticides, analgesics, antitumor, antibacterials, antifungals and others, prepared using Schmidt, Bucherer-bergs, A.P. Rauter and Farkas reactions to monosaccharide derivatives such as keto sugars and epoxy sugars. Although they are usually reactions used for normal organic molecules, these reactions were also
feasible in the monosaccharide derivatives and made it possible to obtain two tetrazole derivatives 5 and 10 with 82.9% and 48% yield, a Hydantoin derivative 3 with 62.5% yield, a lactam derivative 4 with 84.4% yield and four lactone derivatives 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b with
51%, 80%, 88.23% and 91% yield respectively. The yields were considered good in general and the methods efficient in the field of monosaccharides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by chemical and physical tests and its IR spectra's.


Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been used to study the effect of γ substituents (X = H, F, or CN) on the addition of 1-Y,3-X-disubstituted propyl radicals (Y = F or CN) to ethylene. It is found that, although the γ substituent (i.e. penultimate unit) can exert a significant effect on the stability of the propagating radical, only a small fraction of this effect appears to carry over to the reaction barrier. Furthermore, it appears that when penultimate unit effects on radical stability are large enough to result in significant penultimate unit effects on the reaction barrier, polar interactions are also likely to be significant. The implications of these results for the implicit penultimate model in free-radical copolymerization are discussed.


This paper describes a novel method for the location of road vehicles using vehicle pitch data obtained from on-board sensors. The method encodes the road map data using linear dynamical models, and then, during travel, identifies the vehicle location through continuous validation of the previously obtained linear models. The approach presented has several advantages over previous approaches in the literature, namely a smaller computational burden, a more definitive location estimate, and a simplified and more direct way of handling common types of noise. These benefits have the potential to both increase the speed of the localization and to reduce the implementation cost of terrain-based localization. The method is tested in simulation using real-world road data collected in State College PA, USA. Performance is demonstrated both in a noise-free and noisy environments, and a bound is shown on the convergence distance.


The J-curve illustrates an initially negative effect of an exchange rate depreciation on the trade balance with improvement following in later periods. This paper investigates whether there is a J-curve in the bilateral trade between Sweden and Germany on a 3-digit SITC product group level. The ARDL bounds testing approach is employed to circumvent issues such as the bad small sample properties of more traditional cointegration tests. In the 149 product groups studied, no support could be found for a J-curve in Sweden's trade with Germany. For some 11 % of the groups the short-run effects of an exchange rate depreciation persist into the long run.


The mysterious figure who appears in 4 Ezra 5:6-7 ('one shall reign whom those who inhabit the earth do not expect'; 'one whom the many do not know shall make his voice heard by night, and all shall hear his voice'), usually understood to be the Antichrist, is better interpreted as a reference to the Messiah. It is argued that the description in 5:6-7 comports well with the way the Messiah is portrayed elsewhere in 4 Ezra, that there are strong links between this 'eschatological signs' passage and the visions of chapters 11-13, and that there is little evidence that an Antichrist figure plays any role in the author's eschatological schema. The results of this study suggest that there is greater coherence between the dialogues and visions of 4 Ezra than has sometimes been recognized and that the Messiah of the book is not only an agent of judgement who brings in the end of the age but is also a king.


The question of the King's entry may be more complicated. On the London stage such a royal entry has usually been anticlimactic, with a tradition extending from Buckingham's Rehearsal. To leave Crespo as the final authority-figure, and not as his delegate, just is not Calderón, however. This semi-allegorical authority-figure is probably in our day not recuperable. Concerning all these essays, the criticism has to stand that of those written by non-native speakers some are excellent while others are expressed in a lamentable Spanish. Revision would have helped a lot, and not just in the case of pesky words like estratagema (1 1 1), a feminine by exception. Some minor rectifications might be suggested: for Spanish readers libros de James Bond perhaps ought to be libros de Ian Fleming (or libros de la serie James Bond, 12); in a present-day exposition the author's name Bovistán (14) should be Boaistuau (surnommé Launay, natif de Bretagne, as the 1575 title-page has it); one play cited (20) should be called Blurt, Master Constable. Has any of the admittedly discrepant editions ofKing Lear the spelling "Reagan" (96) for the name of the middle daughter? Shakespeare located striking-clocks in ancient Rome, but to put a cereal called maíz there (105) is misleading. Almost certainly a Muslim would cry ¡Gracias a Alá! and not ¡Gracias a Ali! (but I have not seen an original text ofLas misas).


Biosimilars have delivered significant cost savings, increasing access to biologics for many patients. While numerous studies have demonstrated no difference in efficacy between originators and biosimilars, the impact of switching between originator and biosimilar adalimumab on drug levels and disease activity in real world cohorts remains largely unknown.

 We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of, 392 patients with IBD (347 (89%) CD, 45 (11%) UC) who had switched from Humira to the biosimilar, Idacio, between February - November, 2021. Therapeutic drug monitoring was carried out using a commercially available, drug sensitive ELISA (LISA TRACKER, Theradiag). Therefore, antidrug antibodies could only be detected in the setting of low or absent serum drug concentrations. Drug level data was parametric and analysed by paired student t test and Pearson correlation coefficient. CRP data was analysed by Wilcoxon test. Data was analysed using GraphPad Prism.

 The baseline characteristics of the study participants are presented in the table., 96 patients had paired adalimumab drug levels before and after the switch. There was no difference between median adalimumab drug levels before and after the switch (9.5 vs, 9.2 ug/mL, p=0.67). Furthermore, drug levels were positively correlated before and after switching demonstrating similar levels at both time points for most patients (correlation co-efficient, 0.47, p <, 0.0001) (Figure, 1). Prior to switching, no patients had detectable antidrug antibodies. Following switch, one patient (1%) developed high-titre antidrug antibodies and undetectable drug levels. Prior to switch their levels were, 14, without detectable antidrug antibodies
 CRP levels were available for, 163 patients before and after the switch, with no difference in median CRP at either time point (1 vs, 1mg/L p=0.60).
 33 (8%) patients experienced injection site pain with Idacio and therefore, switched back to Humira. The annual cost saving to the UK National Health Service for patients on weekly and every other week switched to Idacio is £5096 and £2548, respectively

 Our study demonstrates stable pharmacokinetics and biochemical disease activity amongst a significant cohort of patients switching from originator to biosimilar adalimumab as part of a real-world switching program. However, a small proportion of patients did not tolerate Idacio due to injection site pain. There are clear financial benefits in carrying out non-medical, biosimilar switching programs but further work is needed to evaluate the effect on clinical and endoscopic disease activity in a real-world setting.


Purpose – Student dropout rates have been a source of contention throughout many Universities worldwide. Universities recognize this fact and many have acted to improve their induction process for students joining the University in the first year. However, student dropout rates continue to be higher than acceptable and it is in this context that this project has been undertaken. However, quite often there is no additional support provided to overseas students arriving on the campus. Frequently, these students are taken into final year and miss all the inductions aimed at year 1 students. The purpose of this research is to investigate the feasibility of designing an information portal in the Chinese language to assist new arrivals on campus.Design/methodology/approach – The authors started with the premise that any additional information that can make life easier for these foreign language students is to be welcomed. Mobile communications is a continually growing sector in industry and a wide variety of vi...