Monte Carlo (MC) numerical simulation has been applied to calculation of scattering and extinction coefficients k/sub s/, k/sub e/ and the effective propagation constant K of random dense particles. These discussions are based on the case for ice grains of snowpack with f/sub v/ < 0.4. However, correlated scattering from very dense random particles such as f/sub v/ > 0.4 has not been studied. In this paper, two MC methods (i.e. sequential addition method and random shuffling method) are adopted to generate randomly spatial positions of very dense spherical particles. Numerical approaches for calculations of k/sub s/, k/sub e/ and K for very dense particles f/sub v/ > 0.4 are developed. Numerical simulations show that random media of very dense particles demonstrate particles clustering and enhance scattering as bigger or clustered particles.


In this paper, we consider an H infinity problem using unstable weighting functions. Such weights are used to achieve asymptoticaly disturbance at enuation and/or asymptotically reference tracking, and they cannot be handled by the standard H infinity control theory. For this problem, we present a necessary and sufficient condition to exist a solution using Riccati inequalities. This condition is derived under no unnecessary assumption to enlarge the applicability to various control problems. Moreover, introducing the assumption that the image of the zero vectors of G12 and G21 are unique, we obtain a LMI condition in order to check the solvability numerically. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate how to calculate a controller.


such an interaction cause a decrease in androgenic activity. James and Roberts5 have demonstrated that solubilities in organic solvents can be dependent on the area of the LY face available for contact with that of a neighboring molecule. This in turn influences the distribution coefficient. While not disagreeing in principle with Ringold's theory, it is suggested that separation of steric and solubility effects may lead to a better understanding of these structural requirements.


We have observed the J = 3 − 2 transition of N2H+ and N2D+ to investigate the trend of deuterium fractionation with evolutionary stage in three selected regions in the infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G28.34+0.06 with the Submillimeter Telescope and the Submillimeter Array. A comprehensible enhancement of roughly 3 orders of magnitude in deuterium fractionation over the local interstellar D/H ratio is observed in all sources. In particular, our sample of massive star-forming cores in G28.34+0.06 shows a moderate decreasing trend over a factor of 3 in the N(N2D+)/N(N2H+) ratio with evolutionary stage, a behavior resembling that previously found in low-mass protostellar cores. This suggests a possible extension for the use of the N(N2D+)/N(N2H+) ratio as an evolutionary tracer to high-mass protostellar candidates. In the most evolved core, MM1, the N2H+(3-2) emission appears to avoid the warm region traced by dust continuum emission and emission of 13CO sublimated from grain mantles, indicating an instant release of gas-phase CO. The majority of the N2H+ and N2D+ emission is associated with extended structures larger than 8″ (∼0.2 pc).


One of which be quandary of maritime law theory and practices,a large of cases concerning delivery of goods without production of bill of lading,are constituted of maritime practices and pinciples.However,it is a valuable attempts to propose the maritime law culture which probes into the problems of maritime judicial practices.Based on this,the maritime law culture could be beneficial to the modernity of maritime law.


Pre-diabetic patients are at high risk to become diabetic because their blood sugar levels are significantly higher than normal, but they fall short of being officially diagnosed due to their sugar levels not being high enough. Encouraging these patients to exercise regularly and be more aware of their diet choices is enough to improve their blood sugar levels and reduce their risk of diabetic complications. For diabetic patients with no eye related changes and diabetic patients with eye related changes the recommendations are quite similar. These patients are usually on multiple medications to control their blood sugar levels. Encouraging them to consistently take their medications, monitor their levels, and do their best to avoid large "spikes" is extremely important. also, these patients are at a much higher risk of developing vision loss and blind ness due to their diabetes. Reminding patients of these possibilities helps reinforce the importance of patient compliance.


Ready to learn not just the hows but also the whys behind the most powerful features of Adobe Premiere Pro? Whether you need to boost your editing skills, composite shots, or fix your audio, you'll see immediate results when you incorporate these tested and proven techniques from the pros. Adobe Premiere Pro Studio Techniques inspires you to take your work to the next level with real-world examples and insider techniques. in it, you'll get an in-depth view into Premiere Pro and how it works, cutting through the fat to focus on the most essential features and workflows to help busy professionals perform their jobs faster and smoother.


Abdullah, through his efforts, will be welcomed among English-speaking readers beyond the small group of scholars in Malay Studies. We are expecting a scholarly edition of the Malay text of Hikayat Abdullah as good as that of Mr. Hill's, which certainly will give a pushing power to the improvement of the Malay Studies. Apart from Abdullah's biassed criticism of the Malays, which made him hated among the Malaysian youth of the 20th century, Hikayat Abdullah remains a Malay magnum opus of the 19th century, describing both the political and the social conditions of Malaysia in the 19th century. Abdullah has written more than a genuine autobiography. It also shows a revolution in the Malay traditions of writing. Being a classic Hikayat Abdullah has its own value in the light of its time.


Migrations are still a global problem unresolved; nowadays, there are more movements of migrants than at any other time in human history. People escape from poverty, war and poor living conditions. We are unable to address the phenomenon of immigration without understanding that it is caused by inequalities and poverty. It affects people because it causes: family breakdown, dislocation, changes of social class and role and difficulty in integration. Vague answers are given to the problem as the current situation of refugees happens. Racism and xenophobia are increasing as we can see on the elections in different European countries. They must remove the political models of rejection and instead adopt different models based on tolerance. A single educational vision would be reductionist; it is necessary to review other perspectives that affect immigration in Spain: sociological, labor, political and legal. When immigrants arrive several issues need to be addressed, not only for education but the legality, language, housing, work, health, cultural and religious exercise, social participation, etc. Their right to education is well covered by legislation. There are enough studies and investigations that relate the most relevant regarding the situation of immigrant students and the qualitative conditions of schooling in general are positive. Finally, three situations for which it is necessary to take action are described: the unfavorable situation in secondary education, the danger of exceeding the limit of 30% of this pupils in schools as pointed out by the Ombudsman and instability or insecurity schooling immigrant students for certain labor mobility of their families.


AIM
The aim of this methodological study was to validate a new method for root coverage evaluation following periodontal plastic surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty recessions were treated in 21 consecutive patients, using a subepithelial connective tissue graft technique. Clinical measurements and photographs were taken at baseline and 12+/-6 months after treatment. The mean percentage of root coverage for linear and surface area measurements was calculated using conventional clinical evaluation, and compared with ImageJ, a public domain Java image processing program. Bland-Altman plots were used for assessing repeatability and agreement between clinical and ImageJ measurements. The strength of the relationship was calculated using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.

RESULTS
The repeatability of ImageJ was excellent for both linear and surface area measurements. The agreement between clinical and ImageJ measurements was good for the linear evaluation, showing lower and upper limits of -13.14% and 17.42%, respectively. Significant correlations (p<0.001) were found between clinical and ImageJ measurements, ranging from 0.93 to 0.94 for linear evaluation, and from 0.89 to 0.90 for surface evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS
The outcomes of this study show that the ImageJ analysis is a reliable, reproducible method to evaluate the percentage of root coverage after periodontal plastic surgery, when a midfacial linear measurement is used.


THE ROLE OF THE CRITIC GERMANO CELANT (1940–2020) in defining and establishing the reputation of the contemporary art movement Arte Povera is well known. In particular, the association of the movement with materials and process largely derives from his contribution to the volume Arte Povera, simultaneously published in English translation as Art Povera in 1969. Less well known is Celant's use of the work of Eugenio Battisti (1924–1989), a scholar of Renaissance studies, whose major publication was L'antirinascimento (1962). While this connection has been acknowledged in the scholarship, what the young critic took from Battisti, and how he used it in his own work, has yet to be fully explored. Specifically, what was the impact of L'antirinascimento on the young critic and how did Battisti's version of an anti-Renaissance speak to contemporary art? Conversely, given Battisti's interest and support of developments in art and culture in Italy in the 1960s, in part through


In this paper, the Biot's consolidation model is considered, and Darcy‐Forchheimer equation is used to describe the relationship between the fluid velocity and pressure. The model is nonlinear and the unknown variables are the solid displacement, the fluid velocity and pressure. The Bernardi‐Raugel element is used for displacement and the RT mixed element is used for the fluid velocity and pressure. The parameter‐robust BR‐RT0‐P0 method presented here is uniformly stable not only with respect to the Lamé constant λ$$ \lambda $$ , but also with respect to the constrained specific storage coefficient c0$$ {c}_0 $$ . We demonstrate the well‐posedness of the BR‐RT0‐P0 finite element solutions, and give the error estimates of the finite element approximations using the monotonicity of the nonlinear Forchheimer term. The error estimates are divided into two cases, that is, c0$$ {c}_0 $$ is positive and c0$$ {c}_0 $$ is nonnegative. Numerical experiments are presented to verify theoretical analysis. Moreover we focus on the variation of pressure by several poroelasticity problems.


This paper focus on the application of integrated robot case packer in the secondary packaging line. The core component of the case packer is a new high speed pick-and-place parallel robot with three translational degrees of freedom. Case opening, packing, sealing and some other functions are integrated in the case packer. The scheme of control system and network configuration based on Simotion platform are proposed after analyzing the working procedure. According to the requirement, control software and HMI are developed with Simotion Scout and Wincc. Pick-and-place path and motion parameters are optimized. Result shows that the control system is effective. And the case packer is successfully applied in Hangzhou WaHaha Group Co., Ltd. with a desired result.


INTRODUCTION
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA; Depo-Provera, Tadworth, UK) contraception is used by more than 9 million women worldwide and has a high usage among teenagers in the United Kingdom and the United States. Previous studies have found that DMPA use is associated with a bone density deficit.

OBJECTIVES
This case-control matched study aims to eliminate potential confounding factors, identify whether the effect of DMPA on the skeleton is age specific, and determine the effects of DMPA on hormones and bone turnover.

DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS
We measured bone density, bone turnover, and hormones in individually matched case-control pairs of women: 50 pairs aged 18-25 yr and 50 pairs aged 35-45 yr.

RESULTS
DMPA use was associated with a 5% bone density deficit at the lumbar spine and hip in women who started DMPA use before age 20 yr but not after age 34 yr. Bone turnover was increased in DMPA users in both age groups. DMPA users had lower estradiol and higher IGF-I than controls, and younger DMPA users had higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate than controls. In a multiple regression model, estradiol and IGF-I were associated with bone turnover, but addition of DMPA to the model made the association with estradiol nonsignificant.

CONCLUSIONS
DMPA use is associated with a bone density deficit at the spine and hip when used before peak bone mass. DMPA acts on the skeleton mainly through estrogen deficiency.


1. The process of acclimatization to hot dry (110° F., 36 per cent R.H.) and warm moist (90° F., 81 per cent R.H.) environments have been studied using 40 male volunteers, and the effects of I.M. injection of 2 mg. atropine sulphate on the 5th and 10th days of exposure assessed.

2. In both environments acclimatization consisted of a readjustment of cardiovascular balance, an increase in sweat loss (hot and dry only), a decrease in sweat chloride content and an increase in blood volume.

3. Atropine increased circulatory embarrassment by raising the pulse rate and by general vasodilation, and added to the climatic stress by limitation of sweating. In an unacclimatized or partially acclimatized individual in a hot dry environment, circulatory failure and cerebral irritation would be likely to produce casualties before failure of the heat-controlling mechanism could develop.

4. Subjective and individual effects of both heat and atropine are discussed.


Historically, there have been five tides of global business mergers and acquisitions during the 20th century. Particulary, for the one that emerged in the end of the century, four characteristics can be observed: the scope and scale of the mergers and acquistions are unprecedentedly large; international and domestic mergers and acquisitions occur in parallel; highly competitive but friendly mergers and acquistions play the major role; international mergers and acquisitions rely almost entirely on stock exchange. This paper provides some countermeasures and suggestions for Chinese venture mergers and aquisitions in the 21st century based on the in-depth analysis of the cause of the fifth international venture mergers and acquisitions.


During these five or six years, nearly 100 papers concerning adhesion and cohesion of powders were published on academic journals in Japan. They could roughly be classified into three kinds, judging from their research objects or interests; methods of test for adhesiveness and cohesiveness, the mechanism of adhesion and cohesion of powders, and phenomena and operations relating to adhesion and cohesion. This short paper presents brief survey and classification of Japanese research results together with a list of the papers.


Efficient multi-wave generation in nanosecond regime SRS self-converter based on NaLa(MoO4)2:Nd3+ crystals by SRS-active mode (omega) equals 888 cm-1 has been obtained. Also parameters of new miniature eye-safe SRS laser ((lambda) equals 1538nm) with self-conversion based on KGd(WO4)2:Nd3+ crystal is demonstrated. This laser has differential efficiency 0.3% by pump energy threshold about 1J.


This work studies the initial phase of the surveys of the Linguistic Atlas of the Iberian Peninsula (ALPI); the work pays attention to the selection of the interviewers, the exact dates in which the task began and, especially, to the figure of the first of the collaborators, Aurelio M. Espinosa junior. It also follows his first excursions through the lands of Extremadura.


The development of a control allocation system for use as part of a fault-tolerant control (FTC) system in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is presented. This system plays a vital role in minimising the possibility that a fault will necessitate the reconfiguration of the control, guidance or navigation systems of the aircraft by minimising the difference between the desired and achievable aircraft performance parameters. This is achieved by optimising the allocation of control effort commanded by the virtual actuators to the physical actuators present on the aircraft. A simple general six degree of freedom aircraft model is presented that contains all of the relevant terms needed to find the trim biases of the aircraft actuators and evaluate the performance of the virtual actuators. This model was used to develop a control allocation formulation that optimises the performance of the virtual actuators of the aircraft while minimising adverse effects and avoiding actuator saturation. The resulting problem formulation was formulated as a multi-objective optimisation problem which was solved using the sequential quadratic programming method. The control allocation system was practically implemented and tested. A number of failure categories of varying severity were defined and two aircraft with different levels of actuator redundancy were used to test the system. The control allocation algorithm was evaluated for each failure category, aircraft test case and for a number of differing control allocation system configurations. A number of enhancements were then made to the control allocation system which included adding frequency-based allocation and adapting the algorithm for an unconventional ducted-fan UAV. The control allocation system is shown to be applicable to a number of different conventional aircraft configurations with no alterations as well as being applicable to unconventional aircraft with minor alterations. The control allocation system is shown to be capable of handling both single and multiple actuator failures and the importance of actuator redundancy is highlighted as a factor that influences the effectiveness of control allocation. The control allocation system can be effectively used as part of a FTC system or as a tool that can be used to investigate control allocation and aircraft redundancy.


The comorbidity of depression and hypertension (HTN) is common and complicates the management of both conditions. This study investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms among older patients with HTN in rural China and explored the relationship between the two conditions.


Dear Subscribers, queridos suscriptores, Yes, reading the magazine Lectures has become multilingual! In recent days, clicking on the EN and ES buttons which now appear in the ''OpenEdition'' bar at the top right of each page of the magazine, you can find the English version (http://lectures.revues.org/ index.html?lang 1⁄4 en) and the Spanish (http://lectures.revues.org/index.html?lang1⁄4en) version, while awaiting for other languages to come soon. All navigation menus are now available in three languages along with indexes and some presentation pages of the magazine. Meanwhile, we continue our efforts to also offer better coverage of international editorial news on social sciences, and increasingly English-language publishers send us their publications. You can find them here: http://lectures.revues.org/13253.


s / Atherosclerosis 263 (2017) e111ee282 e141 Aim: Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a cytokine processed by proprotein convertase furin and released into extracellular space as a shorter bioactive fragment called soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK). CD163 has been identified as a new potential scavenger receptor for TWEAK. Studies in last years suggests that sTWEAK and sCD163 levels could be the potential biomarkers of some diseases like atherosclerosis. Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic and relapsing multisystemic inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology. Systemic vasculitis is the main pathology observed in BD. The aim of the study to examine the sTWEAK and sCD163 concentrations in BD. Methods: The study group consists of 50 patients with BD and 30 healthy control individuals who do not use any drugs and have any systematic illness. sTWEAK and sCD163 concentrations were determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in serum samples of the study group. Results: sTWEAK levels were significantly higher in BD (807 pg/mL vs. 663 pg/mL, p1⁄40.012) and also sCD163 levels were significantly higher in BD (644 ng/mL vs. 501 ng/mL, p1⁄40.002). Both sTWEAK and sCD163 concentrations were higher in active patients with BD (832 pg/mL and 667 ng/mL, respectively). Predictive values of sTWEAK and sCD163 levels obtained by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve analysis were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: sTWEAK and sCD163 levels were increased in patients with Behcet's Disease. These twomolecules can take part in the pathogenesis of Behcet's Disease and might be used for evaluation of the clinical activity of the disease. PO097. CONDITION OF ADHESIVE ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS Valentyna Romanova. Vinnytsya National Medical University, Vinnytsya,


The paper mainly studied the processing technique of fish paste.The technique condition、the packing material、and the packing method of the products were determined in detail.According to the conclusion drewn by many times experiments,the best condition of the technique was found,the fish paste was dilicious taste,crisp fried,palatable and nourishing.


To the Editor:

We read with interest the report by Toussirot1 describing another case of psoriasis emerging in a patient treated with rituximab (RTX) for rheumatoid arthritis. The case described has some similarities to the woman whose case we recently reported2 in that it involves plaque psoriasis developing after a first course of RTX. However, there are a number of important differences. Whereas our patient was seronegative with a positive family history and previous episode of guttate …

Address correspondence to Dr. S. Hardcastle, Academic Rheumatology, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK., E-mail: Sarah.Hardcastle{at}bristol.ac.uk


Data about biology and ecology of Synanthedon bicingulatum (Staudinger, 1887) are given; Amur chokecherry (Prunus maackii Rupr. (Rosaceae) is firstly recorded as the host plant of its larvae.


: Online and offline hybrid teaching breaks the discontinuity of traditional teaching, provides teachers with a variety of evaluation channels, provides students with rich teaching resources, expands and enriches the teaching content of Japanese courses, and makes Japanese course teaching rich and colorful. The cultural nature of the Japanese course determines the feasibility of developing the course ideology and politics, and the internationality determines the necessity of developing the course ideology and politics, which is conducive to cultivating students' patriotic feelings and humanistic quality. Guided by the basic theory, this paper constructs the basic process of carrying out the course ideology and politics in the mixed teaching of Japanese courses online and offline, and proposes the implementation path. The specific paths include: clarifying the ideological and political teaching objectives of Japanese courses, solidifying the unification of explicit education and implicit education, compiling ideological and political teaching materials for Japanese courses, developing ideological and political teaching resources for Japanese courses, and clarifying the integration points of Japanese teaching content and course ideological and political teaching.


This paper proposes an advanced dynamic framed-slotted ALOHA algorithm based on Bayesian estimation and probability response (BE-PDFSA) to improve the performance of radio frequency identification (RFID) system. The Bayesian estimation is introduced to improve the accuracy of the estimation algorithm for lacking a large number of observations in one query. The probability response is used to adjust responsive probability of the unrecognized tags to make the responsive tag number equal to the frame length. In this way, we can solve the problem of high collision rate with the increase of tag number and improve the throughput of the whole system. From the simulation results, we can see that the algorithm we proposed can greatly improve the stability of RFID system compared with DFSA and other commonly used algorithms.


Leucocyte counts, rectal temperature, P-cortisol, P-glucose, P-transferrin, P-orosomucoid, P-IgM and hematocrit were investigated in 24 men undergoing inguinal herniotomy. The patients were randomised to epidural analgesia (n = 8), local infiltration anaesthesia (n = 8) or local infiltration anaesthesia plus local wound hypothermia with ice bags (n = 8). The rectal temperature rose (p less than 0.01) in patients randomised to epidural analgesia but not in the other groups. However, blood granulocyte and acute phase protein changes were similar in all groups. The neural blockade was sufficient in all patients as judged by lack of increase in P-cortisol and P-glucose. Thus, local infiltration anaesthesia and wound hypothermia could not prevent the inflammatory response to small clean surgery.


Purpose:   Concern about maternal morbidity associated with vaginal delivery (VD) may be driving the increasing trend for elective caesarean section (CS). This study aimed to quantify the risk of morbidity from VD that pregnant women would be prepared to accept before requesting an elective CS, and to compare these views with those of clinicians.

Methodology:   Participants completed a questionnaire to ascertain the maximum level of risk they would be prepared to accept before opting for an elective CS. Utility scores for each complication were calculated, with higher scores (closer to 1) indicating a preference towards VD.

Results:   122 pregnant women, 84 midwives, 166 obstetricians, 12 urogynaecologists and 79 colorectal surgeons participated. For the evaluated 18 potential complications of VD pregnant women were willing to accept higher risks than clinicians. Pregnant women were least accepting of risks of severe anal incontinence (mean utility score 0.32), emergency CS (0.51), moderate anal incontinence (0.56), severe urinary incontinence (0.56), fourth degree tears (0.59), and third degree tears (0.72) The views of midwives were closest to those of pregnant women. Urogynaecologists and colorectal surgeons were the most risk averse, with 42% and 41% respectively stating they would request an elective CS for themselves or their partners.

Conclusions:   Pregnant women were able to quantify the level of risk they are prepared to accept from a VD before opting for an elective CS being aware of the potential complications of elective CS, and these risks were significantly higher than those accepted by the clinicians involved in their care. Their views are more closely aligned to midwives than to specialist clinicians.


Abstract Lower trapezius muscle-strength deficits are a common clinical finding in patients presenting with poor postural habits. It has been speculated that zygapophyseal extension restrictions in the middle to lower thoracic spine are associated with these muscle-strength deficits. This may be a direct result of muscle inhibition related to reflexogenic influences from dysfunctional joints. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of manipulation applied to the lower thoracic spine (T6-T12) of asymptomatic individuals on lower trapezius muscle strength. A convenience sample of 40 subjects was randomly split into control and experimental groups of equal size. Pre-test and post-test measurements of isometric lower trapezius muscle strength were collected using a Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester. Both groups received identical assessment procedures. The experimental group received thoracic manipulations while the control group received a placebo technique. An independent group t-test was used to compare the mean change in lower trapezius muscle strength between the groups. Results revealed a significantly greater (p < 0.025) percentage increase in lower trapezius strength in the manipulation group (14%) as compared to the controls (3%). The results suggest that lower thoracic manipulation techniques may be beneficial in reducing the lower trapezius muscle inhibition commonly associated with many postural syndromes.


Dimethyl carbonate(DMC) is a versatile compound that represents an attractive eco-friendly alternative to both methyl halides(or dimethyl sulfate) and phosgene for methylation and carbonylation processes,respectively.DMC possesses properties of nontoxicity and biodegradability which makes it a true green reagent to use in syntheses that prevent pollution at the source.The advances in the green approaches to synthesize pesticides and pharmaceuticals and their intermediates,such as furazolidone,herbicidal sulfonamide,earbendozin,methyl(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoyl) acetate,carbaryl,isocyanates,using dimethyl carbonate to replace phosgene are reviewed here.


Abstract Cycloadditions of 3,4-isopropylidenedioxy-Δ1-pyrroline-1-oxide (9), (3S,4S)-3,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)-Δ1-pyrroline-N-oxide (28), and its (3R,4R)-enantiomer, with suitably-functionalized alkenes has led to the synthesis of the 1,2,6-trihydroxypyrrolizidines 14, 33 and ent-33, and the 1,2,7-trihydroxyindolizidines 22,39 and ent-39. Deoxygenation of two enantiomeric intermediates in these syntheses led to the preparation of the dihydroxylated indolizidine (+)-lentiginosine and its (−)-enantiomer.


Based on Discrete Element Method(DEM), movements of steel balls were simulated by Particle Flow Code in 3 Dimensions (PFC 3D), the influences of ball diameter, ball filling rate, rotary speed rate of mill on steel balls' movements were studied. The results showed that steel balls' quantity increased, but surface area of steel balls enlarged, and void rate decreased at the same filling rate as steel ball's diameter decreased, which indicated the grinding force of materials was stronger. Steel balls' movements were relevant to rotary speed rate of mill and ball filling rate. As rotary speed rate and ball filling rate increased, the steel balls moved from cascading motion gradually to throwing motion, and became centrifugal motion after rotary speed rate exceeded certain value. When ball filling rate remained unchanged, the depart point of steel balls became higher, the dropping angle became smaller and throwing gap increased firstly then decreased with the rising of rotary speed rate. When rotary speed rate was 76%, the throwing gap distance reached to an maximum value and the impact crushing action was the strongest.


The frictional resistances on a rotating smooth plane disk in an enclosure filled with various concentrations of polymer solutions have been investigated. The data were obtained on the torque in the laminar and turbulent flows, their range extending from disk Reynolds number 2×105 to 2×106 and axial clearane-disk diameter from s/d=0.529 to 0.118. Instantaneous photographs were taken of the flows near the surface of the disk in Newtonian fluids and polymer solutions. As a result of these observations, it has been revealed that the radial secondary flows which accompany the rotation of the disk and the disturbance they have caused are repressed by viscoelastic effect which is possessed by the polymer solutions. According to a Reiner-Rivlin model, the torque coefficients were arranged such that they might be dependent upon non-dimensional number (ηcω/η) in the laminar flows by approximate analysis, and upon (ηc/ρa2) in the turbulent flows by experimental data.


The rapid development and advance of the modern IT have given birth to the documental information catalogue a new round of transform, and makes the cataloging code transform from the diversification into the integration, the cataloging personnel transform from the popularization into the specialization, and the cataloging work from the decentralization into the socialization.


Term weighting schemes are central to the study of information retrieval systems. This article proposes a novel TF-IDF term weighting scheme that employs two different within document term frequency normalizations to capture two different aspects of term saliency. One component of the term frequency is effective for short queries, while the other performs better on long queries. The final weight is then measured by taking a weighted combination of these components, which is determined on the basis of the length of the corresponding query. Experiments conducted on a large number of TREC news and web collections demonstrate that the proposed scheme almost always outperforms five state of the art retrieval models with remarkable significance and consistency. The experimental results also show that the proposed model achieves significantly better precision than the existing models.


Assuming exponential lifetime and repair time distributions, we study the limiting availability A∞ as well as the per unit time-limiting profit ω of a one-unit system having two identical, cold standby spare units using semi-Markov processes. The failed unit is repaired either by an in-house repairer within an exponential patience time T or by an external expert who works faster but charges more. When there are two repair facilities, we allow the regular repairer to begin repair or to continue repair beyond T if the expert is busy. Two models arise accordingly as the expert repairs one or all failed units during each visit. We show that (1) adding a second spare to a one-unit system already backed by a spare raises A∞ as well as ω; (2) thereafter, adding a second repair facility improves both criteria further. Finally, we determine whether the expert must repair one or all failed units to maximize these criteria and fulfill the maintenance management objectives better than previously studied models.


The article examines the effectiveness of the development of motor skills of students using the training simulator "Belts with rings". To determine the level of development of the motor qualities of students, the first stage of the res earch was carried out two types of exercises. The first type is 4 tests of physical exercises, such as pulling on the crossbar; push-up from the floor, a long jump from the seat; shuttle race 4x9 m. The second type is tests of biomechanical testing methods, such as stabilography – "Ski slope", and tensodinamography – "Jump up from the seat". In the experiment on the development of motor skills of future specialists participated 328 students aged 17-18 years, women and men, in their oral agreement. 20 students who had the best results formed a model group (MG), 8 students who had the worst results eliminated on the first phase of the experiment. Students with other results had formed a homogeneous overall group (OG) in an amount of 300 people, which was divided into two groups: a control group (CG) and experimental group (EG) of 150 students each, 75 male students and 75 female students in every group. This paper presented the results of male students. The author's method of development of motor skills of students with the help of the training simulator "Belts with rings" on which students were engaged was developed. Using of the training simulator "Belts with rings" raises the effectiveness of the development of motor skills and gives good results. In order to develop motor skills and increase the level of preparedness of students is recommended to use the training simulator "Belts with rings".


We study the Net Present Value (NPV) of a project with multiple stages that are executed in sequence. A cash flow (positive or negative) may be incurred at the start of each stage, and a payoff is obtained at the end of the project. The duration of a stage is a random variable with a general distribution function. For such projects, we obtain exact, closed-form expressions for the moments of the NPV, and develop a highly accurate closed-form approximation of the NPV distribution itself. In addition, we show two limit theorems that also apply in a more general context (i.e., that also apply for projects where stages are not necessarily executed in sequence). Our work has direct applications in the fields of project selection, project portfolio management, and project valuation. In addition, our work is closely related to the work of CPM/PERT, however, whereas CPM/PERT deals with project completion time, we focus on project NPV.


Wide-angle photoproduction of high-energy electron-positron pairs in hydrogen is proposed and analyzed as a test of quantum electrodynamics at distances ≤10^-13 cm. The effect of proton structure can be removed in terms of the two form factors measured in the elastic electron-proton scattering process. Cross sections are presented for two classes of pair production experiments: (1) those detecting one of the final particles, and (2) coincidence experiments. In addition to kinematic, anomalous moment, and nucleon form-factor corrections to the Bethe-Heitler formula, dynamical corrections to the proton current and radiative corrections are calculated. The final theoretical formula is believed to be accurate to 2%. A simple cutoff model suggests that a 5% accuracy in an experiment of type (1) tests the electron propagator at distances ∼0.7×10^-13 cm, while a 10% accuracy in a coincidence arrangement of type (2) probes the electron propagator at ∼0.3×10^-13 cm.


Based on the identification of 38 white dwarfs with halo kinematics, in a survey covering 10% of the sky near the south galactic pole, Oppenheimer et al. ([1][1]) argued that at least 2% of the dark matter in the Milky Way galaxy has now been detected directly. Put into context, the Oppenheimer et


The turning movement proportions (TMP) of urban road intersections play an important role in traffic planning, signalized intersection traffic control, and O-D estimation. This study analyzes a great deal of turning movement real data and adopts a MATLAB linear programming (NP) based approach with assort and range constraint equations to estimate the turning movement of intersections. Application of the NP based approach through a case study in Shanghai shows estimation results are in good agreement with field collected data. As a comparison, the NP model shows higher consistency with real data than Maximum Entropy Model or Furness Model.


The singular chain complex of the little 2-cubes operad defines an operad in simplicial cocommutative coalgebras. This operad has a dual structure, formed by a cooperad in cosimplicial commutative algebras, which defines model of the prounipotent completion of the topological operad of little


An essential component in the design and fabrication of large scale integrated optical circuits is the photonic crystal (PC) waveguide, a device which can channel light, with minimal loss, around tight bends using band gap effects. In this paper, we present a rigorous formulation for the coupling and propagation of waves in a PC crystal waveguide and show that, for sufficiently long guides, it is possible to generate simple, exact quasianalytic forms for the energy properties of the guides.


Soil erosion around defective underground pipes can cause ground collapses and sinkholes in urban areas. Most of these soil erosion events are caused by fluidization of the surrounding soil with subsequent washing into defective sewer pipes. In this study, this soil erosion process is simplified as the gradual washout of sand particles mixed with water through an orifice. The discrete element method is used to simulate the large deformation behavior of the sand particles, and the Darcy fluid model is coupled with this approach to simulate fluid flow through porous sand media. A coupled 3D discrete element model is developed and implemented based on this scheme. To simulate previous experiments using this coupled model considering the current computing capacity, we incorporated a 'supply layer' to study the continuous erosion process. The coupled model can predict the erosion flow rates of sand and water and the shape of erosion void. Thus, the model can be used as an effective and efficient tool to investigate the soil erosion process around defective pipes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Calculation of rotational level energies and line intensities of diatomic molecules and its application to alkali metal diatomic molecules are reported. The effects of spin–orbit interaction, rotational interaction, spin–rotation interaction, spin–spin interaction, hyperfine interaction, and Zeeman interaction are considered.


Handwritten text recognition is challenging because of the virtually infinite ways a human can write the same message. Our fully convolutional handwriting model takes in a handwriting sample of unknown length and outputs an arbitrary stream of symbols. Our dual stream architecture uses both local and global context and mitigates the need for heavy preprocessing steps such as symbol alignment correction as well as complex post processing steps such as connectionist temporal classification, dictionary matching or language models. Using over 100 unique symbols, our model is agnostic to Latin-based languages, and is shown to be quite competitive with state of the art dictionary based methods on the popular IAM and RIMES datasets. When a dictionary is known, we further allow a probabilistic character error rate to correct errant word blocks. Finally, we introduce an attention based mechanism which can automatically target variants of handwriting, such as slant, stroke width, or noise.


The utility model provides a urine collection device for clinical inspection. The urine collection device comprises a urine storage tank, a urine collection tube, a connector, a hopper, a cover, a ventilating tube and a handle, wherein the handle is arranged on the urine storage tank; the cover is arranged at the opening of the urine storage tank; the ventilating tube is inserted on the cover; the urine collection tube is connected with the urine storage tank; the connector is connected with the urine collection tube; and the hopper is connected with the connector. The urine collection device is simple in structure, reasonable in design and convenient to use, prevents urine from wetting hands and tank wall, and prevents urine from polluting the environment surrounding the hospital.


The journey of human life, from womb to tomb is full of woes, worries and needs. Man is endowed with highly intellectual ability and he makes persistent efforts for the betterment and advancement of his. life, which gives him the highest happiness and comfort, also benefiting in that process all those who depend on him for economic security


Kupffer cells(KC),the resident liver macrophages,have many receptors in the surface,can be activated by many ligands.They play an important role in the course of liver injury by creating cell factor,mediators of inflammation and reactive oxygen species.In recent years,some studies show that KC participate in the pathogenesy of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and play an important role in insulin resistance,oxidative stress and inflammation.So regulate the activation of KC may lessen or prevent then course of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases.


We examine the role of the exchange and interest rate channels during recent deflation episodes in Japan, Hong Kong and China. We estimate open-economy structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) models for the three economies with different monetary regimes and varying degrees of openness. In both Japan and Hong Kong, shocks to the nominal effective exchange rate have a statistically significant impact on prices, with a notably stronger effect in Hong Kong. Our results provide evidence about the role of external influences in the deflation episodes of these economies, and could also be seen to weakly support suggestions to depreciate the currency in order to escape from a liquidity trap. The importance of the interest rate channel is also found to be high in Japan and Hong Kong. In China, where interest rates have not been an important monetary policy tool, neither exchange nor interest rate shocks significantly influence price developments.


In this paper, the \lambda\phi^4 scalar feld effective action, in the one-loop approximation, is calculated by using the Krein space quantization. We show that the effective action is naturally fnite and the singularity does not appear in the theory. The physical interaction mass, the running coupling constant and \beta-function are then calculated. The effective potential which is calculated in the Krein space quantization is different from the usual Hilbert space calculation, however we show that \beta-function is the same in the two different methods.


DOI:  10.17014/ijog.v6i1.114 In 2008, placer gold was discovered in Langkowala area (Bombana Regency), Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, and more than 60,000 traditional gold miners in the early 2009 have been operating by digging vertical pits and panning active stream sediments. The grade of placer gold ranges from 50 to 140 g/t. Local geological framework indicates that the placer gold is not related to volcanic rock-related hydrothermal gold deposit, e.g. epithermal, skarn or porphyry. This paper describes a preliminary study on possible primary deposit type as a source of the Langkowala (Bombana) secondary placer gold. A field study indicates that the Langkowala (Bombana) placer/paleoplacer gold is possibly related to gold-bearing quartz veins/veinlets hosted by metamorphic rocks particularly mica schist and metasediments in the area. These quartz veins/veinlets are currently recognized in metamorphic rocks at Wumbubangka Mountains, a northern flank of Rumbia Mountain Range. Sheared, segmented quartz veins/veinlets are of 2 cm to 2 m in width and contain gold in a grade varying between 2 and 61 g/t. At least, there are two generations of the quartz veins. The first generation of quartz vein is parallel to foliation of mica schist and metasediments with general orientation of N 300oE/60o; the second quartz vein generation crosscut the first quartz vein and the foliation of the wallrock. The first quartz veins are mostly sheared/deformed, brecciated, and occasionally sigmoidal, whereas the second quartz veins are relatively massive. The similar quartz veins/veinlets types are also probably present in Mendoke Mountain Range, in the northern side of Langkowala area. This primary gold deposit is called as 'orogenic gold type'. The orogenic gold deposit could be a new target of gold exploration in Indonesia in the future.


A new compound, harzianum B (1), was isolated from the culture broth of a fungal strain, Hypocrea sp. F000527, together with a known trichothecene, harzianum A (2). Its structure was determined by spectroscopic analyses including HRFAB-MS and various 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. Harzianum B (1) was characterised as (E,Z,E)-2′, 4′, 6′-octatriendioic acid esterified on the 4β-hydroxyl group of trichodermol. Harzianums A (2) and B (1) showed cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines.


The first example of a Staudinger reaction involving an anionic phosphorus(III) species is reported; the 31P chemical shift and reactivity of the resulting product indicate the formation of a novel iminophosphoranide(V).


The basic principle and the characteristics of magnetically controlled welding technology are introduced in this paper. The specific applications of domestic and foreign magnetically controlled welding technology in welding process are comprehensively analyzed at the moment, including the effect rule of external magnetic field on arc shape, metal droplet transfer, molten pool, weld microstructure, mechanical properties. And the key problems needing to be solved are deeply investigated. The developments of magnetically controlled welding technology in the future are also forecasted.


..................................................................................................................................... 3 Background: ............................................................................................................................... 3 Methods: .................................................................................................................................... 6 Results: ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Discussion: ...............................................................................................................................12 Conclusions: .............................................................................................................................14 Acknowledgements: ..................................................................................................................14 Previous Work: ..........................................................................................................................14 Abstract: All organisms are constantly interacting with multiple stimuli; sensing and processing them, which ultimately results in behavior. The internal processes which govern these behaviors are complex and remain largely unclear. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans detects hundreds of small molecules to aid in navigating and surviving within its habitat, rendering it a strong model system for elucidating these mechanisms. These molecules may be generated by other species or by conspecifics. One class of molecule released by C. elegans are the ascarosides, which function as intraspecies pheromones. Octopamine Succinyl Ascaroside #9 (osas#9) is one such ascaroside which is released by starved young larvae, likely communicating/indicating that an area lacks food. When individuals sense this molecule, they avoid the area by undergoing an innate avoidance response, characterized by backing out and initiating a reversal motor program. However, in the presence of osas#9 and the microbial food source, Escherichia coli, C. elegans does not perform an avoidance response, suggesting that food negates the osas#9 aversive cue. This information served as a basis for testing which, if any, molecular metabolites released by E. coli attract C. elegans and negate the osas#9 avoidance response. A dose response curve was generated for the bacterial metabolite(s) with respect to osas#9, and the neuron responsible for detecting the metabolite(s) was identified. These results were used to analyze the neural basis of an innate choice-driven avoidance response. All organisms are constantly interacting with multiple stimuli; sensing and processing them, which ultimately results in behavior. The internal processes which govern these behaviors are complex and remain largely unclear. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans detects hundreds of small molecules to aid in navigating and surviving within its habitat, rendering it a strong model system for elucidating these mechanisms. These molecules may be generated by other species or by conspecifics. One class of molecule released by C. elegans are the ascarosides, which function as intraspecies pheromones. Octopamine Succinyl Ascaroside #9 (osas#9) is one such ascaroside which is released by starved young larvae, likely communicating/indicating that an area lacks food. When individuals sense this molecule, they avoid the area by undergoing an innate avoidance response, characterized by backing out and initiating a reversal motor program. However, in the presence of osas#9 and the microbial food source, Escherichia coli, C. elegans does not perform an avoidance response, suggesting that food negates the osas#9 aversive cue. This information served as a basis for testing which, if any, molecular metabolites released by E. coli attract C. elegans and negate the osas#9 avoidance response. A dose response curve was generated for the bacterial metabolite(s) with respect to osas#9, and the neuron responsible for detecting the metabolite(s) was identified. These results were used to analyze the neural basis of an innate choice-driven avoidance response. Background: The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans is frequently studied, however little is known about the mechanisms underlying how these animals navigate through their environment. It is known that some substances such as glycerol will elicit avoidance while others elicit attraction. However, the specific nature and mechanisms of these behaviors is not well characterized. In 1973, Ward hypothesized that cAMP and other various ions could play a role in the attraction to bacteria, but found that they did not under laboratory conditions. Data from Sawin et al in 2000 suggested that bacterial lawn viscosity plays a role in food detection. In 2004, Grey et al. looked at O2 sensation and claimed it to be a factor in food finding behavior . In 2014, Bassler et al. found that a 4-ketone and long carbon tail was detected by the C. elegans AWC neuron in order to interact with v. cholerae. C. elegans use their amphid sensory neurons to detect water soluble and volatile chemical changes in their environment. The 12 sets of amphid sensory neurons and their corresponding cilia are located in the head of the animal (Fig. 1). Of these 12 sensory neurons, ASE, ASG, ASI, ASK, AWA, and AWC are of particular interest as they are associated with chemoattraction. A limited list of chemical attractants is known (Table 1), but the full list of detectable molecules is still far from complete. In addition to substances that are naturally in the environment driving behaviors, C. elegans use small molecules known as ascarosides to communicate with each other. Ascarosides are ASK


Crotalus poisoning was experimentally reproduced by subcutaneous inoculation of Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American rattlesnake) venom into 10 clinically healthy mixed bred 12 to 36-month-old cattle, weighing 125 to 449 kg. Two animals were used as controls. The animal that received a dose of 0.03mg/kg body weight died 7h40min after inoculation. A 0.015mg/kg dose provoked death in 4 out of 7 young oxen. Two animals given 0.0075mg/kg became slightly sick and recovered. Onset of symptoms occurred from 1h30min to 13h45min after inoculation. The clinical course varied from 5h25min to 45h for animals that died, and from 33h15min to 17 days for animals that recovered. The main nervous signs observed were diminished response to external stimuli, hypotonic reflexes, dragging of the hooves, apathy, difficulties in moving around obstacles, ocular globe paralysis, lateral and sternal decubitus, and tongue paralysis. Adipsia and sometimes petechiae in the conjunctival and vaginal mucosa were observed. A slight to moderate increase in bleeding time was noted in 6 animals, and a moderate increase in partial thromboplastin time was found in 7 others. Moderate leukocytosis with neutrophilia, relative lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and monocytosis was found. There was a significant increase in creatine kinase serum levels of a ten-fold order. No significant alterations were revealed by urinalysis. Necropsy revealed minimal edema at the inoculation site, few petechiae and equimoses in the epicardium, omentum, biliary vesicle and bladder mucosa of some animals. Histopathological examination revealed necrosis (hyalinization) of groups or isolated myocytes in different muscles examined, both near and far from the inoculation site, in all animals. The diagnosis of Crotalus poisoning and its differentiation from diseases causing paralysis and muscular necrosis in cattle in Brazil are discussed.


tobiographies, by scholars who are among those who have done most to shape our current thinking about Africa. If not autobiographies, what then? Myths, perhaps. M1, Living With Africa, is about a Belgian, Jan Vansina, who feels that he has lived most of his life "with Africa," though he was able to spend only ten years there and experienced constant frustration in his efforts to spend more. M2, Les Corps glorieux des mots et des etres, is about an African, V. Y. Mudimbe, who was born and brought up in Belgian Congo but was forced to leave under the corrupt dictatorship that Congo, as Zaire, became. Both now live and teach in the United States, but whereas Vansina has been more or less fixed at the University of Wisconsin, in the North, Mudimbe the self-described nomad has moved from Haverford College, in the East, to Duke University, in the South, and most recently to Stanford, in the West. Both of our heroes were schooled by Benedictines, but whereas Vansina, confident of himself, was always a rebel, Mudimbe submitted diligently to the Rule and became a novice of the order. Now he is not quite sure who he is-an agnostic? a philosopher? a classicist? "Am I myself?" Certainly not an anthropologist ("Dieu merci!"), although at Duke he called himself, among other distinguished titles, professor of Anthropology. Vansina has repeatedly had to insist that he is a historian, although he was also trained as an anthropologist, almost by accident, and ha taught anthropology. Both are brilliant, write many books, speak numerous la guages, and appear to have read everything and forgotten nothing. At the age of fifty, Mudimbe retired for a few weeks to write his version of


On 27 February 1958, General Valiollah Qarani, commander of the Iranian army's intelligence staff (G-2), was arrested on charges of engaging in political activity, a practice that was forbidden at the time for all Iranian government employees. Dozens of other Iranians from a variety of political persuasions were also arrested or interrogated by the security forces in connection with Qarani's arrest. In a brief flurry of newspaper stories and official statements, it was alleged that Qarani and his collaborators had been conspiring with an unnamed foreign power—generally understood to be the United States—against the Shah's regime. Qarani was tried in the summer of 1958 and given a three-year prison term. He remained on the margins of Iranian political life until 1979, when he served briefly as chief of staff of the Iranian armed forces in the first postrevolutionary government. He was assassinated in April 1979 by the mysterious Islamic terrorist group Forqan.


Molasses-based ethanol distillery plants generate large volume of wastewater containing high levels of organic matter and refractory color. In view of this problem, the feasibility of using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), namely ultraviolet light – ozonation process (UV/O3), ultravioletlighthydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and hydrohen peroxide – ozonation (H2O2/O3), to treat distillery wastewater from molasses-based alcohol fermentation and distillation system was explored in this study. The efficiency of the AOPs in the degradation of COD and color at varying pH, H2O2 dosage and initial wastewater concentration was investigated at constant ozone supply of 606 mg for two hours of experimental batch run. In all runs, the COD and color removal were highest at 1,000 mg/L hydrogen peroxide, the highest applied dose in the experiment. At the natural pH of the wastewater (pH 4.6~4.9) the effectiveness of each AOP followed the sequence: H2O2/O3 > UV/H2O2 > UV/O3 > O3 > UV-C. Color removal is best at the natural pH (4.6~4.9) for all AOP experimental runs. In H2O2/O3 and UV/H2O2, COD removal is fastest at pH 4.6. UV/O3 process is enhanced by operation at alkaline pH (10). H2O2/O3 process is the most effective AOP. It removed 91% color and 60% COD (initial COD level of 1,000 mg/L). It also removed 32%, 27%, and 35% TKN, NH4-N and DON, respectively. The COD removal in all AOPs tested follow secondorder reaction rate equation while the color removal rate is first-order. The highest COD removal rate constant and color removal rate constant were in the H2O2/O3 process at the highest oxidant concentration used (COD/H2O2 ratio of 1 and H2O2/O3 ratio of 1.7).


The snow-and-ice-covered pavements threaten highway transport safety and smoothness. The use of snow-melting agents is a significant means to ice and snow removal, anti-ice and to anti-skid on the highway in time. With applicagtion practice requirements and the advance of the cognitive level of snow-melting agent technology, the highway snow-melting agent technology experiences three stages, which are chloride salt, non-chloride salt and environment-friendly stages. As the chloride salts have been used in large quantities for a long time, their corrosion and damage to the environment and infrastructures are serious and significant because of the existence of the chlorides. So the snow-melting agents such as non-chlorides and environment-friendly agents appear in the market and come into use. It is expected that the use of non-chlorides and environment-friendly snow-melting agents on the ice-and-snow covered pavements can reduce or eliminate the adverse effects on the environment and infrastructures while they have the same melting snow performance as the chloride salts. Is it right or possible for us to use non-chlorides and environment-friendly snow-melting agents instead of chloride salts? And can the non-chlorides and environment-friendly snow-melting agents function as the alternatives of chloride salts to remove the highway surface ice and snow with fewer effects on the environment and infrastructures? A lot of tests are done about the melting snow and ice performance, the corrosion to the concrete, the effects of poa pratensis seed germination percentage of different snow-melting agents. The tests results show the differences among the different snow-melting agents on the aspects of technology, environment and economy. The applicability of the different snow-melting agents is summarized. Then technological references are put forward to use snow-melting agents efficiently, safely and environmentally-friendly.


Health communication can be considered in terms of different groups such as communication of healthcare professionals with each other, patient-healthcare worker communication, patient-patient communication and patient relatives communication with each other. Communication is the primary tool in ensuring health literacy and disseminating effective health information to the wider audience. Effective health communication raises awareness about health problems, risks and solutions; influences and strengthens individuals' attitudes. All mass media are used within the scope of health education to develop and adopt healthy living habits in society in order to improve health. The dizzying developments and changes in communication technologies have diversified and enriched the ways to obtain more information and support about health problems. The transition from monologue to dialogue in the internet field has caused the transformation from one-way information transmission to dynamic, multi-faceted interactive and discussions. Thus, the period began in which not only consuming but also producing users took part. While this has improved those who use social networks, it has also made it difficult to control health information. The coexistence of the media's potential to generate negative behavior as well as the possibilities and capacity to develop positive health behaviors also constitutes a paradoxical situation. Individuals who try to collect information about diseases and treatment methods by using new media tools sometimes risk their health with false information. In addition, the communication between the different groups mentioned above through forums on online platforms takes on a remarkable new form in terms of patient-patient communication. In this context, the aim of the study is to discuss the transformation of patient-patient communication on online platforms within the framework of the literature.


We offer a theory and empirical test of the influence of organizational design on the extent to which a parent firm of a multinational corporation utilizes the knowledge held by a focal subsidiary of the firm. We argue that this relationship is mediated by the amount of attention this subsidiary receives from the parent firm. Thus, an appropriate organizational design could direct the attention of parent firm managers towards the focal subsidiary and this increased attention could lead to a more extensive utilization of the subsidiary's knowledge. Testing hypotheses on three aspects of formal organizational design (autonomy, subsidiary mandates, home-base augmenting mission) with a unique sample of 287 subsidiaries, we find broad support for the theory and highlight the implications for academia and practice.


Salted egg yolk in salt solution prone to water filling phenomenon.And add some divalent or trivalent metal salts help contain water-filled phenomenon.In this study,20% of the preserved solution were added 0.25%~2% calcium chloride,zinc chloride and citrate salts of three curing,water-filled phenomenon has been improved,zinc chloride play the best.With the salt concentration increasing,the water content in egg yolk decreasing,whereas yolk hardness.


Pastoralism offers a vast field of study, and within it transhumant practices represent an important range of past and contemporary human mobility strategies. In its widest sense, transhumance may ...


This dissertation explores the issue of sexuality education through the lens of international human rights obligations and policy commitments, with a focus on the Paraguayan context. It identifies relevant international human rights instruments and international policy commitments related to sexuality education, and explores their legal and political value. Making use of human rights analytical frameworks, it elaborates on Paraguay's concrete obligations with regards to sexuality education. It argues that standards reveal a clear link between sexuality education and adolescents' enjoyment of their fundamental rights. Taking a substantive equality approach, it argues that the lack of sexuality education policies has a disproportionate effect on certain groups. The dissertation concludes by offering concrete standards for the implementation of sexuality education policies.%%%%LL.M.


Objective: To investigate the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of triple helix repeat collagen 1( Cthrcl) in femur tissues of rats with chronic fluorosis. Methods: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group(group C),low dosage of fluoride group(drinking water containing 5 mg /L fluoride,group L),high dosage of fluoride group(drinking water containing50 mg /L fluoride,group H). The bone fluoride,urine fluoride,bone tissue morphology and the changes of bone morphometry were observed. The expressions of Cthrcl protein and mRNA in bone tissues of rats in each group were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR respectively. Results: Fluoride contents in urine and bone of rats exposed to fluoride were increased,the chronic fluorosis model was successfully established. Cortical bone thickness,trabecular bone width and density in experimental fluorosis rats were remarkably increased,the space between trabecular bone remarkably reduced(P 0. 05). The pathological changes of the bone tissue belonged to hardening type of skeletal fluorosis. mRNA and protein expressions of Cthrcl were increased in bone tissue of the fluoride group rats,the difference was statistically significant(P 0. 05). Conclusion: Excessive fluoride may influence bone metabolism through up-regulating the expressions of mRNA and protein of Cthrcl in bone tissue,which may be involved in mechanism of fluoride caused bone damage.


Cultivating students' ability in physics learning is a systematic education and teaching program.It can be effectively performed by using question-inquiry teaching methods,strengthening the teaching of physical thought and method as well as translation between physical language and mathematical language.


Ni− Sn alloys were electrodeposited from acidic chloride-sulphate solution in potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions. Cyclic voltammetry and Hull cell were used for the selection of the appropriate deposition potentials and cathodic current densities, respectively. In the potentiostatic conditions (-1.0 – -1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) porous deposits (∼7-10 wt% Ni) were obtained, while dense coatings (∼15-34 wt% Ni) were produced in the galvanostatic conditions (0.5-1.5 A/dm2). In both cases, deposits consisted of β − Sn and Ni3Sn4 phases. Speciation of the bath was also calculated.


A recent article in Science magazine (286, 19 November 1999, pp. 1460–1464) noted the rejuvenation of the Bayesian inference paradigm and its increasingly warmer reception in the scientific community. Pertinent here, is its recent application to a wide range of environmetrics problems, allowing inferential capability that may not be available using classical methodology. This article provides a brief overview of Bayesian methodology and modeling beginning with Bayes' theorem. It then elaborates the Bayesian inference paradigm and the Bayesian modeling perspective. Historically, computation was the major impediment to the use of Bayesian analysis for complex models. Now, the wide availability of inexpensive, fast computing combined with breakthroughs in simulation-based model fitting have removed this impediment. Bayesian models, which were formerly infeasible to examine, can now be fitted. More realistic models can be investigated.


Frequent promoter hypermethylation of the inhibitors in either Rb or p53 pathways is associated with the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.


It is impossible to have quantum Hall effect without breaking the time-reversal symmetry. xy  xy. If we want xy to be invariant under , xy  xy, xy must be zero. Q: Can we have other type of topological insulators, in the presence of -symmetry? By saying topological insulator, I mean an insulator with a protected metallic edge. By protected, I mean no matter what we do, we cannot turn the metallic edge into an insulating edge.


The quality improvement (QI) guide for mothers and babies was developed through the collaboration of Survive and Thrive Global Development Alliance (S&T GDA) partner organizations to demystify the quality improvement process and scale up QI practices globally. To promote the use of the QI guide at the global level, the Office of Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition of USAID's Bureau for Global Health tasked the USAID Applying Science to Strengthen and Improve Systems (ASSIST) Project to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of strategies to implement the guide in terms of its ability to initiate and establish continuous improvement processes in medical facilities and ultimately improve maternal and newborn care processes and outcomes. Considering high rates of maternal and neonatal mortality in Uganda and tremendous commitment of the Government of Uganda to improving the care of mothers and babies, in agreement with USAID's global maternal and child health and nutrition and field teams, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the QI guide was tested in service delivery settings in Uganda.


The (largely unachieved, I presume) goals of these lectures were: first, to give as elementary as possible introduction to various cohomology theories, with emphasis on (low-dimensional) cohomology of Lie algebras; second, to introduce some research problems in this and related areas; third, to demonstrate relationship of some homological questions with Grobner–Shirshov bases (GS bases in the sequel). In most of the cases, proofs were not given. Instead, some simple examples were considered, and ideas behind a proof were (tried to be) explained in such a way that it should become just a matter of straightforward (but often cumbersome and not performed in the class) calculations.


The development of energy renovation strategies at the scale of an existing stock requires to model all buildings, taking into account the available information. Modeling approaches traditionally employ typologies regularly based on observable or known construction characteristics of buildings. But it is difficult to establish correlations between energy performance and these descriptive typologies. The aim of this contribution is to develop a building stock segmentation approach based on machine learning techniques. Different clustering algorithms have been applied to a real database of French homes. Their parameterization and the selection of the number of clusters were studied in order to assess the relevance of this approach. This first application gives encouraging results to segment a building stock according to descriptive but also performance criteria (such as energy consumption, energy savings and investment costs related to refurbishment scenarios).


The invention relates to a top-mounted ultra-low temperature ball valve, comprising a valve body, a valve seat assembly, a valve ball, a valve cap assembly and a valve rod assembly, wherein the valve seat assembly comprises a valve seat ring and a compression ring; a first mounting groove is formed on the valve seat ring; a seal ring is embedded in the mounting groove; a turnup is formed on the valve seat ring; a first circular bead and a second circular bead are arranged on the valve seat ring; a support bush and a spring disc are arranged between the first circular bead and the valve body; a pressure spring is embedded in the spring disc; the second circular bead, the valve body and the compression ring form an annular seal chamber; a spring energy-accumulation ring is mounted in the annular seal chamber; and a fireproof structure is arranged between the fitted surfaces of the valve seat ring and the valve body. The top-mounted ultra-low temperature ball valve is characterized in that the seal ring is fixed by the turnup structure on the valve seat ring, the valve seat and the valve body are sealed by the annular seal chamber and the spring energy-accumulation ring, and simultaneously the fireproof structure is arranged between the valve seat and the valve seat ring, and therefore, the tightness of the valve seat and the valve ball in fitting under the working condition of ultra-low temperatures is guaranteed; the jointed part of the valve seat ring and the valve body is reliably sealed; and the valve has safe fireproof function.


Body Mass Index is recommended by the World Health Organization for the measurement of growth and the diagnosis of overweight and obesity in children. The reliability of anthropometric measurements is important for assessment of child growth due to the challenges faced when measuring younger children, including the difficulty of having the child remain still during measurement collection. The current gold-standard for anthropometric measurement collection in children in a clinical research setting, set by the World Health Organization, requires the use of two trained anthropometrists.

 The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of anthropometric measurements between two trained anthropometrists working in a pair and one trained anthropometrist working with a child's parent/caregiver in a primary healthcare setting.

 An observational study to determine measurement reliability was conducted in a primary care child research network in Canada. 76 children 0 – 5 years old had their length/height, weight, head, arm, and waist circumference measured a total of four consecutive times: twice by two trained anthropometrists working in a pair (researcher-researcher team) and twice by one trained anthropometrist working with a child's parent/caregiver (researcher-parent team). Inter- and intra- observer reliability was calculated using the technical error of measurement (TEM), relative TEM (%TEM) and the coefficient of reliability (R).

 The %TEM values across both age groups, children 0 - < 2 and 2 – 5 years of age, for length/height and weight were < 2% and the R coefficient values were >0.99, indicating a high degree of inter- and intra- observer reliability. The TEM values were greater for inter- and intra- observer reliability across all age groups for length/height in comparison to other anthropometric measurement parameters, with greater variation seen in the length for children 0 - < 2 years of age. The TEM values across both age groups for inter- and intra- observer reliability of arm circumference was outside of the acceptable range of < 2%, indicating greater measurement error. There was greater variation seen in waist circumference across both age groups.

 This study suggests that anthropometric measurement, including length/height and weight, taken by one trained anthropometrist with the assistance of a parent/caregiver is reliable. These findings can be used to encourage the utilization of a child's parent/caregiver to assist with anthropometric measurement collection in clinical setting(s) to enhance feasibility and efficiency and reduce the research costs of including a second trained anthropometrist.


In the most technologically advanced countries, the activities of private -or even public- initiative are focused preferably on technological development for obtaining patents for applications that will lower the production costs of the countries' industries. In the less developed countries researchers concentrate on basic science and, with a view to obtaining greater recognition, they publish their papers abroad. This article analyses research in the developing countries, with a very clear focus on the field of edaphology.


Breast Implant Associated – Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is currently the only complication of breast implants for which a causal relationship is likely. The risk of BIA-ALCL is about 1 in 3000 for macrotextured breast implants. While there is no evidence for other long-term complications, there is no evidence either that there are none. Worldwide recording of data on medical devices, for which the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists has provided a clear impetus, would offer greater opportunities for research into complications. In addition, the legislation concerning market authorization in the EU will be adjusted as of May 2020. Requirements for clinical evidence, especially post-marketing surveillance, have been tightened.


Objective: To study the relationship between ICAM-1 and endometriosis. Metheds: The expression of sICAM-1 protein was determined by ELISA and immunochemistry method in 30 peritoneal fluid (PF), 21 eutopic endometrum and 8 ectopic endometrial tissue of endometriosis, and in 25 PF and 20 endometrium of normal controls during the same menstrual phase. Results: In endometriosis cases, the expression of sICAM-1 in PF was higher than that of controls (P0.01). Expression of ICAM-1 in ectopic endometrium was significantly lower than that without endometriosis (P0.05). Expression of ICAM-1 in ectopic endometrium was significantly higher than of eutopic endometium (P0.01) and that of normal controls (P0.05). Conclusions: In patients with endometriosis, abnormal ICAM-1 expression in PF, eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrium may be related to the development of endometriosis.


Corrosion-resistant and having a first performance of adhesion, low (低) provides a conductive property is excellent zinc-based coated steel sheet at a surface pressure. Comprising a water-soluble zirconium compound and a tetraalkoxy silane compound having an epoxy group and a chelating agent and a silane coupling agent and a bar Nadine acid and metal compounds, to those using the pH8~10 the surface treating agent are mixed in a specific ratio of the zinc-based plated steel sheet surface applied to the surface of, and heated and dried to zinc-plated steel sheet having a surface treated film of 50~1200㎎ / ㎡.


A BSTRACT At the intersection of information visualization and typography lies the design space of micro visualization, a family of basic techniques enriching text in regard of its accessibility, comprehensibility, and memorability. We propose a taxonomy that differentiates specific types of visualizations applied to text design and layout. We elaborate two main approaches to aligning the visual appearance of a text and its content. The first explores the addition of graphical elements embedded into or adjacent to a text, while the other approach explores the visual modification of a text by means of typographic visualization. For this we evaluate how different techniques can be used as visual variables.


Abstract: Medicinal plants have curative properties due to the presence of various complex chemicals substances of different composition which are found as secondary plants metabolites in one or more parts of these plants mangifera indica linn ( MIL) is a species of mango in the an acardiaceae family. Phyto constituents in the seed extract may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the plants. The purpose of the study was to formulate and evaluate the antimicrobial herbal ointments and creams form extract of the antimicrobial herbal ointments and cream bases in different concentration 1%,5%,and 10% the formulation ointments and cream of MIL .we're subjected to evaluation of uniformity of weight measured of ph viscosity, spreadability acute skin irritation study stability study and antimicrobial activity. Our study shows that M.I has high potential as an ointments and creams for topical use .thus the present study concluded that formulation of the M.I are safe and efficient carrier with potent antimicrobial activity.


We identify retail brokers that seemingly route orders to maximize order flow payments: selling market orders and routing limit orders to venues paying large liquidity rebates. Using a simple model, we demonstrate that this type of routing may not always be in customers' best interests. For both proprietary limit order data and a broad sample of trades from TAQ, we document a negative relation between several measures of limit order execution quality and rebate/fee level. This finding suggests that order routing designed to maximize liquidity rebates does not maximize limit order execution quality and, thus, brokers cannot have it all. *The authors gratefully acknowledge research support from the Q-Group. We thank two anonymous referees, Jeff Bacidore, Peter Bottini, Bruno Biais (the editor), Colin Clark, Joe Gawronski, Alex Green, Larry Harris, Dave Lauer, Katya Malinova, Chris Nagy, Maureen O'Hara, Steve Poser, Paul Schultz, Jamie Selway, Jeff Smith, Chester Spatt, John Standerfer, Ingrid Werner, brownbag participants at Indiana University and the University of Notre Dame, seminar participants at Goldman Sachs, Cornell, Cubist Systematic Strategies, the University of Arizona, Vanderbilt University, Jump Trading, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and Nasdaq, and participants at the 2014 NOIP Conference, the 2014 FIRS Conference, the 2014 Florida State University SunTrust Beach Conference, and the 2014 Mid-Atlantic Research Conference in Finance for their comments.


Head and neck cancer is worldwide the sixth most common cancer. Prognosis is linked to tumour (primary tumours, nodal stage and distant metastasis) and general patients' characteristics. Currently, the TNM-staging system is the most used staging system in the world. Beside this TNM-staging system, other prognostic factors are used to select the best treatment for each individual patient. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


In intellectual property law, the agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS) has become the ultimate tool for international enforcement. However, this product of the WTO is far from perfect. This article focuses on TRIPS' patent provisions and the effect its restrictiveness has on developing countries as they struggle with populations with HIV/AIDS. An analysis of these issues show that TRIPS provisions placed on countries as they transition into the WTO, like length of patent rights and strict copyright laws, prevent them from: obtaining generic versions of drugs, legally adhering to the requirements of the WTO, and competing economically with more developed member states. As long as medications fall under patent protections, TRIPS will continue to be important force in intellectual property law. This article serves to illustrate the need of TRIPS adapt to the concerns of developed countries as well as the needs of the developing.


This thesis examines the use of various osseous raw materials in craft activities in the Malaren region during the Middle Ages. Places studied are: Birka, Sigtuna, Nykoping, Strangnas and Uppsala. ...


Novel hybrid inorganic-organic mesostructures were hydrothermally prepared from pseudo-boehmite and an organic precursor containing both silanolate and phosphonate groups in the presence of cationic surfactants. The solid-state NMR revealed that aluminum species are mainly connected with phosphonate groups in the formed 2D hexagonal mesostructures.


Abstract We consider a new algorithm yielding the values M (θ, φ)=lim inf|q|→∞ |q|‖qθ−φ‖. Specifically, we compute M (θ, 1/a), M (θ, 1/2a), M (θ, 1/ a 2 +4 ) , and M (θ, 1/2) when θ=( a 2 +4 −a)/2=[0, a, a, ...] .


Production technology, which is categorized into molding, casting, welding, heat treatment, surface treatment and plastic working, has influence on the foundation of Korea"s main export industries. However, as production technology is mostly acquired and transferred through field experience, production technology is hard to standardize. On the other hand, it has a great ripple effect on the whole manufacturing industry because of developed production technology for some product is too easy to transfer. Therefore, this paper aims to suggest a web-based knowledge sharing platform for production technology knowledge sharing and diffusion, discuss effect and existing state of loaded technology focus on automobile and mobile industry.


This book presented several important characterization tools that are currently used in life science and in the process of development of biological applications. This text is written by more than 20 authors, with a wide range of expertise in characterization techniques. The authors assume that the readers are familiar with basic concepts and terminologies of engineering and biology. Each characterization tool is organized into a chapter, and the chapters are written at a level that this reviewer would suggest as a reference text for graduate students, researchers, and scientists who are interested in characterization techniques for the life science. The book covers very broad characterization tools and would be too intense for most undergraduates.


Let X be an Rd-valued random variable with unknown density f. Let X1, ?, Xn be i.i.d. random variables drawn from f. The objective is to estimate f(x), where x=(x1, ?, xd). We study the pointwise convergence of two new density estimates, the Hilbert product kernel estimated!n?i=1n?j=1d12logn|xj?Xij|, where Xi=(Xi1, ?, Xid), and the Hilbert k-nearest neighbor estimatek(d?1)!2dnlogd?1(n/(k(d?1)!))?dj=1|xj?X(k)j|, where X(k)=(X(k)1, ?, X(k)d), and X(k) is the kth nearest neighbor of x when points are ordered by increasing values of the product ?dj=1|xj?X(k)j|, and k=o(logn), k?∞. The auxiliary results needed permit us to formulate universal consistency results (pointwise and in L1) for product kernel estimates with different window widths for each coordinate, and for rectangular partitioning and tree estimates. In particular, we show that locally adapted smoothing factors for product kernel estimates may make the kernel estimate inconsistent even under standard conditions on the bandwidths.


The Pacific Rainfall Program (PACRAIN) is located at the Environmental Verification and Analysis Center at the University of Oklahoma. PACRAIN is the home of the Comprehensive Pacific Rainfall Database (Greene et al., 2008) and the Schools of the Pacific Rainfall and Climate Experiment (Postawko et al., 1994). PACRAIN is also involved in various initiatives in support of the local meteorological services throughout the tropical Pacific basin. PACRAIN is part of the Pacific Islands Global Climate Observing System (PI-GCOS) initiative to establish a regional network of tipping bucket rain gauges (TBG). Fifty gauges have been distributed to seven nations and the United States territory of Guam (see Figure 1). PACRAIN provides technical support for the gauges, and the data collected from them are used locally by the meteorological services and sent to PACRAIN for inclusion the in the rainfall database. Table 1 shows the data collected from the network so far. There is a clear operational need for automated gauges in this region. Access to many of the remote islands and atolls is difficult, and there is often limited manpower available to make regular observations. In addition to satisfying the requirement for automation, the tipping bucket gauges also provide high-resolution data that is useful for researchers. The Pacific is sparsely instrumented, especially in relation to its importance to global climate and weather, so increasing the amount and quality of available data is an important undertaking. While previous work has focused on assimilating the TBG data into the PACRAIN database (Klatt et. al, 2008), the focus now is on taking advantage of this new data set by assessing its accuracy and using it for research.


Human sleep which can be measured by polysomnography consists of two major states, the Rapid-Eye-Movement (REM) sleep and the non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep is characterised by increasing EEG synchronisation and divided into stages 1 to 4. Stages 3 and 4 are defined as slow-wave sleep (SWS). Typical nocturnal sleep is characterised by 3 to 5 cycles of non-REM- and REM-sleep phases that last about 60 to 100 minutes. At the beginning of the night the cycles contain more SWS. Towards the end of the night, the amount of REM sleep increases and the amount of SWS decreases. The pattern of nocturnal growth hormone (GH) secretion is associated with the development of SWS during the first non-REM-sleep period. By contrast, cortisol secretion appears to be associated with an increased amount of REM sleep. At least three major processes are involved in the regulation of normal sleep. According to the two-process model of sleep regulation, sleep and wakefulness are influenced by both a homoeostatic and a circadian process: the homoeostatic process S - related to SWS - increases with the duration of wakefulness prior to sleep onset and augments sleep propensity. The circadian process C describes the daily cycle of sleepiness and wakefulness and is related to REM sleep. The third process is the ultradian rhythm of non-REM and REM sleep. The non-REM/REM sleep cycle is regulated within the brain stem: REM sleep is initiated and maintained by cholinergic neurons and is inhibited by noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons. In contrast to the brain-stem-activated state of REM sleep, non-REM sleep is characterised by synchronised, rhythmic inhibitory-excitatory potentials in large numbers of neurons in cortical and thalamic regions. Although specific sleep patterns are not necessarily diagnostic of particular psychiatric disorders, there are relationships between certain sleep abnormalities and categories of psychiatric disorders. Especially, in the majority of depressed patients severe sleep disturbances as reflected by disturbed sleep maintenance, a deficit of SWS, an earlier onset of the first REM-sleep period (shortened REM latency) and increased density of REMs during REM sleep (REM density) are well-established findings. Some of them also persist in the fully remitted state and are thus believed to be trait like. The importance of sleep in depression is also supported by many studies showing that total and partial sleep deprivation or selective REM-sleep deprivation has antidepressant effects. Inspired by the growing knowledge of the neurobiology of sleep, investigators proposed theories into the pathophysiology of depression. The models have attempted to explain the features of sleep in depression and the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation in depressed patients. The cholinergic-aminergic imbalance hypothesis of depression assumes that the cycling alternating pattern of non-REM and REM sleep is under the control of noradrenergic/serotonergic and cholinergic neuronal networks. If depression results from diminished noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, cholinergic activity would be expected to increase and therefore lead to the sleep disturbances in depression. Further, there is evidence that sleep regulation and depression share common pathophysiological mechanisms at the serotonergic level. According to the two-process model of sleep regulation depression is thought to result from a deficiency in the process S. In the extended two-process model the interaction of hormones with EEG features has been integrated: GH releasing hormone (GHRH) is a common stimulus of SWS and GH release, whereas corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) exerts opposite effects.


Inclusive hadro-production in e+e- annihilation processes is examined to study the fragmentation process. A broken SU(3) model is used to determine the quark and gluon fragmentation functions of octet vector mesons, ρ and K*, in a simple way with an SU(3) breaking parameter λ. These are expressed in terms of just two light quark fragmentation functions, V(x, Q2) and γ(x, Q2) and the gluon fragmentation function Dg(x, Q2). These functions are parametrized at the low input scale of , evolved through LO DGLAP evolution including charm and bottom flavor at appropriate thresholds, and fitted by comparison with data at the Z-pole. The model is extended with the introduction of a few additional parameters to include a study of singlet–octet mixing and hence ω and ϕ fragmentation. The model gives good fits to the available data for x ≳0.01, where x is the scaled energy of the hadron. The model is then applied successfully to ω, ϕ production in pp collisions at the relativistic heavy ion collider, RHIC, these data form an important baseline for the study of Quark Gluon Plasma in heavy nucleus collisions at RHIC, and also in future at the LHC.


In extracts taken from her new book, Di Chilvers considers how children's mathematical development unfolds through play and exploration from birth


Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products(RAGE) has long been a focus in studies of diabetic vascular diseases.Recently,clinical evidence has shown that the expression level of RAGE is high in liver,stomach,pancreas and prostate cancer tissues whereas the expression level of RAGE is lower in chondrosarcoma and lung cancer tissues.The abnormal expression of RAGE is closely associated with tumorgenesis,angiogenesis,tumor invasion and metastasis.This review summarizes the abnormal expression of RAGE in different tumors and its role in carcinogenesis and development of tumor.


A novel sample pretreatment termed liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is reviewed in this paper, including a comparison of this method with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and traditional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Furthermore, the extraction principles, most important parameters for method optimization and application are also discussed.


This article demonstrates the evolutionary process of the positioning of educational function of college English in China and analyses current problems and developing situation of college English education in China.On the basis of this,the author puts forward some feasible suggestions on improving educational function of college English from the nature of functional orientation.


Contents: Introduction: Renaissance hybrids: culture and genre in early modern England Towards a Renaissance theory of hybridity Giant aspirations: cultural archaeology in Spensera (TM)s 1590 Faerie Queene The view from Ireland: Spenser in 1596 Satire and politics in the English Renaissance Jacobean absolutism and the rise of tragicomedy Afterword: hybrids past and present: the final boundary Works cited Index.


Most of the traditional production and maintenance devices are controlled by relays.They are complicated for operating and have too many malfunctions,low reliability and credibility,long devising period and slow investment reclaiming.At the same time,with the enhancement of man-machine interface requirements in automation field,touch panels are used widely.This paper introduces design of locomotive's digital subordinate motor experimental platform based on fieldbus and touch screen control theory,which introduces a communication method based on RS232 communication protocol between HITECH touch panel and microcomputer system.This paper describes the PWS6600s which is used in motor control system.Multi-PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)monitor and control system based on the CAN bus and Ethernet is designed and accomplished by adopting the method of design field bus control system.


This paper describes an experiment in the application of eye tracking to facilitate aiming in computer gaming. A simple 3D computer game was run under varying conditions to test the effect of gaze-contingent gaming on a player's performance, measured by accuracy in selecting targets within the game and completion time. The game was run using a traditional mouse and with the Tobii ET-1750 eye tracker as aiming devices in timed and un-timed trials. The results showed that subjects had better performance in completing their objectives when using the mouse instead of the eye-tracker as an aiming device. However, difficulties with the calibration process suggest that the experiment may yield different results if run with a modified calibration process.


Measurements on tube deflection systems allow us to determine the deflection power requirements for any given picture tube and yoke. Since the output requirements for a transistor deflection system are thus known, it is convenient to start with an investigation of the deflection output stage.


Summary form only given. We propose and theoretically investigate an alternative approach to Kerr-lens mode-locking (KLM), which avoids the group velocity dispersion (GVD) compensation by use of a negative net nonlinear refractive index per cavity round trip. For the compensation of the positive nonlinear refractive index of the laser crystal we propose to utilize a nonresonant bulk semiconductor inserted in the tightly focused resonator section.