Searching for critical information is a fundamental component for most map-reading processes. The mapmaker, therefore, must understand the underlying processes involved in human visual search and consider these processes when designing maps. Color is often used as a tool to clarify maps. To fully understand the use of color and visual search processes, mapmakers need to go beyond subjective techniques for applying color to maps. This entails a deeper understanding based on knowledge of the physical, physiological, and perceptual nature of color and human visual processes. The purpose of this study is to examine the interaction between color and the visual processes people use to search maps. An experiment was designed to determine the effectiveness of color using perceptually unique hues defined by Abramov and Gordon (1994). An analysis of variance on reaction times indicated that color strongly affected visual search, especially if the color was yellow. The Euclidean distance between target color had a significant effect on search time, although it appeared to be nonlinear. Whether the target boundary was based on luminance, hue, or both luminance and hue also had a significant effect on reaction times. In addition, geographers appear to have an advantage over nongeographers when searching for information on maps.


Through the analysis of the personalized packaging modeling of Huanghelou cigaretted,it summed up the design rules of personalized cigarette packaging,expounded the psychological effects of personalized cigarette packaging design for consumers,in order to design personalized cigarette packaging to attract consumers,promote the sale and bring the vast market for the brand.


Along with the quick development of Laiwu Steel and the market demands,more and more quantity of H-beams are required to be produced.At the area of Cold Saw,the efficiency of saw cutting has been could not meet with the requirement of production process,which restricted the production speed badly.This article mainly introduced the Automatic control system for the new equipped Movable Cold Saw at the Section Mill of Laiwu steel,and gave a brief introduction of the hard ware this control system configured.It prominently described the developed function of the control system,i.e.the control of Cold Saw lubricating pump,the control function of saw machine condition,and optimized control to avoid of the saw machine original position to moving forward,and fix length control function.This article also particularly described the control of the new equipped movable Cold Saw cutting speed,and the control function of Roll table convey mode.After the control system putting into use,it has speeded up the production rhythm and satisfied with the production needs well.


Background: Crystal deposition is one of the most common arthropathies among the elderly. Similarly, osteoarthritis (OA) considers the most common joint pathology amongst the elderly; it is usually associated with significant pain, disability, and even synovitis. Objective: The aim of the work was to detect Crystals in Non-symptomatized crystal arthropathy in cases of primary knee Osteoarthritis. Patients and Methods: 50 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis who diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for osteoarthritis. Patients underwent to history taking, clinical examination, laboratory examination, knee US, plain radiography and synovial fluid analysis. Results: Fifty patients (35 females, 15 males) were enrolled. Mean values were 65.4 years ± 13.5 SD for age and 50.7 months ± 35.5 SD for disease duration. Plain radiography revealed chondrocalcinosis in 4 patients (8%). Crystals were detected by US in 36 knees (72%), 24 patients had calcification characteristic of CPPD and 12 patients had calcifications characteristic of MSU crystals deposition. synovial fluid examination revealed crystal deposition in 38 knees (76%), it was MSU in 12 patients and CPPD in 26 patients. The sensitivity of US for the detection of calcification was (83.3%) while that of plain X-ray was (22.2%), and the specificity was (93.8%) and (90.2%) respectively. There is statistically significant difference between patients with crystal deposition and patients without crystal deposition as regard WOMAC stiffness score. Conclusion: Subclinical crystals were detected in a significant number of Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. US showed high specificity and acceptable sensitivity for the diagnosis of Crystal Arthropathy.


In a recent paper (Hartwig, ms.) I have shown that it is possible to understand and discuss the changing Austausch (i.e., exchange of air parcels between different atmospheric layers) between the stratosphere and troposphere by means of long-term measurement of series of spallation products. It is well known (Friend 1961; Müh et al. 1966; Hartwig et al. 1969) that there is a seasonal pattern in the 7Be concentration of ground-level air with a maximum during May–June. This maximum is caused by enhanced exchange processes between the atmospheric compartments of the stratosphere and troposphere during this interval. Generally, those exchange processes are a consequence of stability and dynamics of the atmospheric compartments, which themselves result from, among other factors, the distribution of the heat sources in those compartments, namely the ground and the ozone layer.


Most systems in engineering are dark boxes.The number of a system's sources is unknown.The classical ICA algorithms are unfit.A new algorithm-degenerated blind separation was presented to resolve this kind of problems.The algorithm can ascertain the number of sources by mean of two mixtures and separate sources from two mixtures by constructing separation coefficients.The preconditions of the algorithm are presented firstly.Then the mathematics module of mixtures which includes interference sources was built.How to complete the algorithm was also introduced in detail.The algorithm was used to separate two mixtures which are mixed with five acoustic signals.The result proves that the algorithm is effective.The algorithm was used in engineer successfully.


The invention provides a fluorescent lamp fault detection automatic power-off device which is connected with a fluorescent lamp module. The fluorescent lamp module is connected with city power. The fluorescent lamp fault detection automatic power-off device comprises a control unit, a switch unit and a current detection unit. The switch unit comprises a switch part and a coil part. The switch part is coupled with the city power. The coil part is coupled with the control unit through a drive circuit. One end of the current detection unit is respectively coupled with the fluorescent lamp module and the switch part. The other end of the current detection unit is coupled with the control unit. A fluorescent lamp startup circuit which is provided with the fluorescent lamp fault detection automatic power-off device which is provided by the invention can detect whether a fluorescent lamp tube or a starter is damaged in real time, and automatically carry out power-off on the fluorescent lamp tube. The invention further provides a fluorescent lamp fault detection automatic power-off method.


Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer, and the surgery to remove it carries significant risks. If patients undergo successful surgery, then they will require chemotherapy to stop the cancer from coming back. Poor nutrition increases the risks of surgery and reduces the number of patients that can have chemotherapy. In this article, we describe various strategies that can improve the nutrition of these patients before, during, and after surgery so as to lead to the best treatment outcomes. We also describe areas in this field that will benefit from future research so that we can continue to improve the treatment outcomes for this vulnerable patient group. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy for which the mainstay of treatment is surgical resection, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with PDAC are disproportionately affected by malnutrition, which increases the rate of perioperative morbidity and mortality, as well as reducing the chance of completing adjuvant chemotherapy. This review presents the current evidence for pre-, intra-, and post-operative strategies to improve the nutritional status of PDAC patients. Such preoperative strategies include accurate assessment of nutritional status, diagnosis and appropriate treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and prehabilitation. Postoperative interventions include accurate monitoring of nutritional intake and proactive use of supplementary feeding methods, as required. There is early evidence to suggest that perioperative supplementation with immunonutrition and probiotics may be beneficial, but further study and understanding of the underlying mechanism of action are required.


Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the western world. CRC develops from dysplastic precursor lesions. Colonoscopy is the gold standard to detect these precursor lesions, so called polyps. Despite colonoscopy is the gold standard; it is not yet 100% protective against CRC. The first part of this thesis focuses on the development of advanced colonoscopic imaging techniques and their ability to detect and differentiate the lesions found during colonoscopy. Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease have a 2-3x increased risk on colorectal cancer. Due to the longstanding inflammation inflammation-related dysplastic lesions can develop, which harbour an increased on CRC. The second part of this thesis addresses the detection, differentiation and management of potentially malignant lesions in patients with IBD.


Abstract : Computer Network Attack (CNA), a form of offensive IO, offers the war fighter a powerful capability, but like nuclear weapons, also poses magnanimous ethical challenges in its use. International laws that govern war written with kinetic force as a backdrop may or may not offer a straightforward application to this non-kinetic force. Just War Theory offers a broader base for ethical considerations of CNA.


Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) is a MIMO based approach which achieves high reliability and diversity by transmitting multiple copies of data stream across antennas. In this paper, bi-scale based fractional order statistics for blind channel estimation in chaotic STBC systems are proposed. Accordingly, the proposed communication system contains chaotic modulator and transmitter in the transmitter section. Then, the receiver contains the channel equalizer and chaotic demodulator. In the channel equalizer, the signal is transmitted through a channel which is estimated through the proposed channel estimation algorithm. In the proposed channel estimation, the weight updating formulae will be modified based on the comparison of the estimated weighted values and its old weighted value. The analysis of the technique is carried out by finding out the evaluation metrics of BER, MSE and SER with respect to SNR and different antenna array sizeof 4, 5 and 6.


The disease reaction of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars to spring black stem was evaluated in field trials and greenhouse experiments. In field trials, differences in cultivar reaction to leaf spot (predominantly spring black stem) were observed in 9 of 16 station years. The reaction of certain cultivars was consistent across most trials, but other cultivars were quite variable. Under controlled conditions, one isolate each of Phoma sclerotioides and P. exigua produced symptoms on alfalfa leaves that were similar to those caused by P. medicaginis. These results indicate that P. medicaginis is not the only pathogen responsible for symptoms of spring black stem on alfalfa in the prairie region. In a detached-leaf study, one isolate each of P. medicaginis, P. sclerotioides and P. exigua produced leaf lesions on all 18 alfalfa cultivars assessed. Disease incidence in Absolute, Algonquin, Pickseed 3006 and Anik (M. sativa subsp. falcata) was lower than in 630 and AC Blue J. Inoculation of eight selected cu...


Private extreme flood adaptation measures are cost effective and environmentally friendly. The objective of this study is to explore the major adaptation strategies, the determinants of the decisions of households to flood adaptation, specific prophylactic measures, and the constraints of these adaptation measures. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select the 337 samples for the study. As the data analysis showed, farm households adopted moving to high elevation places, selling cattle, seasonal migration, flood tolerant rice, planting trees, and the construction of a dike as adaptation measures to flood. The binary logistic regression results from both the socioeconomic and protection motivation theory (PMT) showed that marital status, sex, family size, off-farm income, previous flood experience, access to credit, and the average number of extension visits had a statistically significant positive influence on the flood adaptation decision of households. On the other hand, age, educational attainment, farm size, and access to extension played a negative but statistically insignificant role in flood adaptation decision. The scientific novelty of the paper is that its results revealed that not only the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households play a role in the decision-making reactions related to the flood, but also the psychological preparedness of the decision makers. The analysis also drew attention that, due to the mitigation of global influences, in the coming years, households can assume a much more decisive role in the process of local food supply. Therefore, in order to ensure safe supply, climate change-related measures and adaptation strategies must be defined very precisely. Dealing with this phenomenon must be part of social and business innovation as it can cause not only food supply problems but also various migration effects, which, in the short term, would result in the most serious damage to the social system.


This paper analyzes the characteristics,path and a series of inconsistencies in the present reform on property system of rural collective economic organization,setting forth the status of farmer's rights and interests in stages of reform,and discusses the problems.Reformatory principle and direction of rural reform in farmer's rights and interests system are studies,with the aim of promoting the reformatory format being consistent with its effect so that,farmer's income will increase and countryside will develop stably and constantly.


ABSTRACT We propose here a general statistic for the goodness of fit test of statistical distributions. The proposed statistic is constructed based on an estimate of Kullback–Leibler information. The proposed test is consistent and the limiting distribution of the test statistic is derived. Then, the established results are used to introduce goodness of fit tests for the normal, exponential, Laplace and Weibull distributions. A simulation study is carried out for examining the power of the proposed test and to compare it with those of some existing procedures. Finally, some illustrative examples are presented and analysed, and concluding comments are made.


Mega and microsporogenesis and the development of male and female gametophyte of Gynostenna pentaphyllum (Thunb.)Makino.were observed with light microscopy and electro microscopy.The results showed that the development of anther wall belongs to dicot type and the mature anther wall comprises an epidermis followed by a layer endothecium with unequal thickness of cellous,middle layers and a single layered tapetum which belongs to secretory type.The tapetum contains abundant organelles and Ubisch bodies with stings which have a tendency to move to pollen grains.Cytoplasmic division in meiosis of microspore mother belongs to simultaneous type.The mature pollen grains are 2 celled and rounded like.They are near spherical from equatorial view and subtrilete spherical from polar view.There are concentrated long shaped sculpture on their surface.The placentation type is apical.The ovule is anatropous,bi tegument and crassinucellar,with a nucellus bill.The development of embryo sac belongs to polygonum type.There is an obvious difference between the development processing of male gametophytes and female gametophytes.


Purpose Despite a general understanding that exit interviews being conducted at service providers' facilities may influence clients' responses favorably to health professionals, there is very little evidence available that demonstrates the extent to which this problem exists. This study aimed at assessing and comparing clients' perceptions of the quality of family planning services and their satisfaction levels between facility- and home-based interviews. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among clients receiving family planning services across three service delivery channels – nongovernmental organization (NGO) clinics, social franchise (SF) centers, and outreach camps. The survey took place from December 2015 to January 2016 in 70 districts across all four provinces of Pakistan. A total of 2,807 clients were interviewed, of whom 1,404 clients were interviewed at health facilities after receiving services and 1,403 were interviewed at their homes within 3 days of method uptake. Results Overall, we found no significant differences between the characteristics of study participants interviewed at health facilities or at home. The findings suggested that experiences reported in exit surveys at facilities were strongly biased positively. This was true for both experiential (service quality) and perception-based (satisfaction) questions in the context of SF centers, while at NGO clinics the interview location only affected clients' responses regarding service quality. However, in outreach settings, clients are more likely to share bad experiences in exit interviews than in home-based interviews on objectively asked questions (service quality). Conclusion Our study indicates signs of courtesy bias and possibly the Hawthorne effect in exit interviews. Program implementers could opt for home-based interviews for women receiving services at NGO clinics or SF center, whereas exit interviews could be used in outreach settings.


Total internal reflection fluorescence excitation (TIRF) microscopy allows the selective observation of fluorescent molecules in immediate proximity to an interface between different refractive indices. Objective‐type or prism‐less TIRF excitation is typically achieved with laser light sources. We here propose a simple, yet optically advantageous light‐emitting diode (LED)‐based implementation of objective‐type TIRF (LED‐TIRF). The proposed LED‐TIRF condenser is affordable and easy to set up at any epifluorescence microscope to perform multicolor TIRF and/or combined TIRF‐epifluorescence imaging with even illumination of the entire field of view. Electrical control of LED light sources replaces mechanical shutters or optical modulators. LED‐TIRF microscopy eliminates safety burdens that are associated with laser sources, offers favorable instrument lifetime and stability without active cooling. The non‐coherent light source and the type of projection eliminate interference fringing and local scattering artifacts that are associated with conventional laser‐TIRF. Unlike azimuthal spinning laser‐TIRF, LED‐TIRF does not require synchronization between beam rotation and the camera and can be monitored with either global or rolling shutter cameras. Typical implementations, such as live cell multicolor imaging in TIRF and epifluorescence of imaging of short‐lived, localized translocation events of a Ca2+‐sensitive protein kinase C α fusion protein are demonstrated.


.............................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................. vi Vita ..................................................................................................................................... ix List of Tables .................................................................................................................... xv List of Figures .................................................................................................................. xvi Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation for CARS Diagnostics ............................................................................ 1 1.2 Motivation for Mach 5 Studies.................................................................................. 3 1.3 Motivation for Elevated Temperature PAC Reactor Studies .................................... 7 1.4 Motivation for Bare-Metal Electrode Single-Pulse Discharge Studies ..................... 9 1.5 Structure of this Thesis ............................................................................................ 16 Chapter 2: Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy .................................. 17 2.1 Internal Molecular Energy ...................................................................................... 19 2.2 Derivation of the CARS Equation ........................................................................... 23 2.3 CARS Phase-Matching ........................................................................................... 28 2.4 CARS Experimental Considerations ....................................................................... 33 xii Chapter 3: CARS Diagnostic System ............................................................................... 35 3.1 Nd:YAG Laser ........................................................................................................ 36 3.2 Broadband Dye Laser .............................................................................................. 37 3.2.1 Laser Dyes and Spectral Output ....................................................................... 42 3.3 Data Collection System ........................................................................................... 46 3.3.1 Relay Lens System ........................................................................................... 47 Chapter 4: Experimental Setup ......................................................................................... 49 4.1 Mach 5 Wind Tunnel ............................................................................................... 49 4.1.1 Pulser-Sustainer Discharge ............................................................................... 51 4.1.2 Supersonic Measurement Setup ........................................................................ 56 4.1.3 CARS Optical Setup ......................................................................................... 59 4.2 Elevated Temperature PAC Reactor ....................................................................... 60 4.3 Bare-Metal Electrode Single-Pulse Discharge ........................................................ 64 4.3.1 CARS Optical Setup ......................................................................................... 67 4.4 CARS Data Processing............................................................................................ 69 4.4.1 VDF by Collinear CARS .................................................................................. 72 4.4.2 VDF by USED-CARS ...................................................................................... 73 4.4.3 VDF by BoxCARS ........................................................................................... 73 Chapter 5: Results and Discussion Part 1 – Mach 5 Wind Tunnel Studies ...................... 75 xiii 5.1 Collinear CARS Wind Tunnel Plenum Studies ...................................................... 75 5.1.1 Low-Resolution Vibrational Spectra ................................................................ 75 5.1.2 Vibrational Loading in the Pulser-Sustainer .................................................... 79 5.1.3 Effects of Relaxant Gas Injection ..................................................................... 87 5.2 USED-CARS Wind Tunnel Plenum Studies .......................................................... 93 5.2.1 Low Temperature Rotational Thermometry Validation ................................... 93 5.2.2 Pure Nitrogen Flow, Nsec Pulser Alone ........................................................... 95 5.2.3 Pulser-Sustainer Discharge, with Relaxer Injection ....................................... 101 5.3 USED-CARS Mach 5 Supersonic Nozzle Studies ................................................ 106 Chapter 6: Results and Discussion Part 2 – Elevated Temperature PAC Reactor and BareMetal Electrode Single-Pulse Discharge Studies ............................................................ 112 6.1 Elevated Temperature PAC Reactor Studies ........................................................ 112 6.1.1 Vibrational Non-Equilibrium Measurements in Air Plasmas ......................... 113 6.1.2 Validation of CARS Low Temperature Thermometry ................................... 118 6.1.3 Air and Fuel-Air Mixtures, T0 = 500 K, 50 Discharge Pulses at 10 kHz ....... 120 6.1.4 H2-Air Excitation and Ignition, T0 = 500 K, P0 = 92 torr, φ = 0.4 .................. 122 6.2 Bare-Metal Electrode Single-Pulse Discharge Studies ......................................... 125 6.2.1 Characterization of the Discharge Filament Size ........................................... 125 6.2.2 Vibrational Distribution Function .................................................................. 126


The literature on entrepreneurship suggests that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) improves business performance, while the empirical results are mixed. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the impact of this relationship on the sample of small and medium enterprises in the context of emerging economies and transformation based on the results of a survey of 113 enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using multivariate regression analysis after testing the reliability of the scale, the research results provide evidence that enterprises in the practicing higher EO obtains better business results than those implementing low EO strategies. This result is validated even in business environments considered benign, in which the influence of the environment regulates the relationship between EO and operational efficiency. However, this initial research on entrepreneurial tendencies only confirms that only two of the three aspects of EO have a positive effect on operational efficiency, including proactiveness and risk-taking initiatives. Nevertheless, these results also suggest that, in the context of transitioning economies, where most of the businesses are active in the field of trade in services, innovation orientation is not a factor that has a direct impact on improving business performance. This result does not negate the role of innovation, but implies the direction of future research as mentioned in the paper.


Introduction: This study includes discussions health integrality, a principle from the Unified Health System - UHS in the professional training process of physiotherapists.
Objective: Analyze the faces of health integrality in physiotherapy undergraduate courses in Brasilian higher education institutions.
Methods: It was an exploratory, descriptive, documentary study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The data were collected on the websites of educational institutions recognized by the Ministry of Education and Culture and registered with the Regional Council of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy of the 10th Region, in Brazil, totaling 11 higher education institutions. For the treatment and analysis of the data, the MAXQDA program was used.
Results: Six facets of integrality emerged from undergraduate courses in physiotherapy: holistic, expanded, integrated, fragmented, hidden and null. The results, reveal the importance of constantly revising the curricular matrices and the inclusion of Unified Health System in their syllabuses. It is also necessary to include the Unified Health System principles to ensure trained professionals the right preparation to work in the system.
Conclusions: The study suggests that there is a favorable space for strengthening the primary care model already in the training process, so that students can experience, from an early age, practices that strengthen health services.


In this paper, a generalization of the Gaussian quasi likelihood ratio test (GQLRT) for Bayesian binary hypothesis testing is developed. The proposed generalization, called measure-transformed GQLRT (MT-GQLRT), selects a Gaussian probability model that best empirically fits a transformed conditional probability measure of the data. By judicious choice of the transform we show that, unlike the GQLRT, the proposed test is resilient to outliers and involves higher-order statistical moments leading to significant mitigation of the model mismatch effect on the decision performance. Under some mild regularity conditions we show that the test statistic of the proposed MT-GQLRT is asymptotically normal. A data driven procedure for optimal selection of the measure transformation parameters is developed that minimizes an empirical estimate of the asymptotic Bayes risk. The MT-GQLRT is applied to signal classification in a simulation example that establishes significantly improved probability of error performance relative to the standard GQLRT.


Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been widely used to fabricate of various titanium and its alloy implants. However, engineering the 3D printing nanoscaled feature to realize a hierarchical micronano structured surface topography still remains a challenge. On one hand, enhanced bioactivity is always expected on micronano-hybrid biomimetic topography; on the other hand, a typical functional protein in extracellular matrix (ECM) is nanoscaled; therefore, nanoscaled features might affect its binding to specific receptor and subsequent cell response. Here, we engineered a novel hierarchical structure with microparticles and rutile TiO2 nanorods topography that fabricated by 3D printing of pure titanium followed by a hydrothermal process. Although there was no difference on the microscaled feature before/after nanonization, cellular behaviors including adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were significantly upregulated on the hierarchical microna...


Summary. Spacing of zygotes, loss of the zona pellucida, and appearance of localized areas of increased vascular permeability at the implantation sites in the uterus were observed in groups of mice examined at 2-hr intervals from 10.00 hours to midnight on Day 4 of pregnancy, and at 02.00, 08.30 and 15.00 hours on Day 5. All the events examined had a 6- to 8-hr variation in their time of occurrence. Studies of interrelationships between the zygote and the uterus require a precise knowledge of the timing, variation and sequence of the events leading up to implantation in any one species. Previous studies of preimplantation phenomena in the rodent have been based on relatively small numbers of animals examined at irregular intervals during the periods of interest. In the present study, mice of the QS strain, aged 8 to 10 weeks and weighing 24 to 28 g, were maintained under uniform environmental conditions at tem¬ peratures of 22 to 25° C and lighting from 06.00 to 18.00 hours. The day of appearance of the vaginal plug was designated Day 1 of


This study aims to explore the local wisdom in Javanese language and culture related to verbal expression and expression of nonverbal coastal communities in the village of Banjar Kemuning Regency. Sedati district of Sidoarjo. This was designed with the ethnographic method as the analytical model, namely the ethno science model. It is a typical descriptive qualitative research. The researcher used a phenomenological thinking strategy. This study concludes that it is expected to be able to reveal various meanings reflected from verbal and nonverbal expressions of the fishing community and pond farmers, which contain local wisdom in it. Through verbal expressions found in the coastal communities of Sidoarjo especially Banjar Kemuning village, it contains geographical wisdom (geographic wisdom), cultural wisdom (cultural wisdom), strategic wisdom, education wisdom, moral wisdom, and wisdom economic wisdom. Besides verbal expressions, there are also nonverbal expressions. This nonverbal expression is done as a means to invoke convenience and as a form of gratitude to God the Almighty. Nonverbal expressions such as in a tradition "nyadran" which is believed to be a sea alms of thanks giving for marine products and abundant ponds. The device "sajen" ('offerings) is carried out in the middle of the sea which is believed to be "danyang" ('guard') which is a form of social wisdom. Other nonverbal expressions influenced by Islamic culture are shown by giving alms in the form of a "bancaan" tradition in the of seafood "iwak dorang" ('dorang fish'), "kerang" (shellfish), "iwak ancolan" ('Sembilang fish'), " urang "('shrimp'), and" kpeteng "('crab') as well as farms such as" iwak bandeng "('bandeng') and" urang "('shrimp'). Keywords— local wisdom; verbal and nonverbal expressions, ethnolinguistics


To enable the application of protein signatures identified in our highly multiplexed biomarker discovery platform to real-world diagnostics, we developed a streamlined, plate-based assay that employs the same principles as the larger SOMAScan assay. The plate-based assay is sensitive (sub-picomolar), robust, rapid, automatable, and can multiplex upwards of 60 analytes. We have used this platform to seamlessly translate sets of biomarkers identified in our SOMAScan assay to a practical non-small cell lung cancer diagnostic.


To evaluate the economic importance of distribution uncertainty in a manufacturing company, the extent of changes in ex-ante optimal asset allocations of investors, who factor in distribution uncertainty into their portfolio model, is examined. The theory of uncertainty is a sub-division of mathematics and representation of the person uncertainty, and gathering information of 'uncertain' is an approach for data collecting and interpreting professional experimental data by uncertainty theory. The mathematical approach of probability theory, together with the Bayesian ideas, does claim the inescapability of unique probability measures representing the belief of the persons. Modern theories of uncertainty, by putting together probabilistic and set valued representations of information, provide a better account of the various facets of uncertainty.


Mode selecting means for selecting a vertical synchronizing control signal and a horizontal synchronization control signal, a first display mode image based on the data and the enable signal on the display unit, a second display mode in the image on the display unit comprising a first unit (10), counted in each frame period, the number of the input horizontal synchronizing signal of the control; and a second unit (20), counted in each frame period, the number of the input data signal; and a second triads (40), and the number of input data synchronization control signal in accordance with the number of input signal level, and selects one of the first and second mode.


Due to its advantages of light weight, small size and short launch period, etc., microsatellite is widely applied in military and civil fields. In order to further improve the data processing ability of microsatellite and optimize the integrated electronic system architecture, this paper presents a satellite CAN bus communication system which is suitable for microsatellite. Based on the FPGA module of SmartFusion2 chip, this design implements the IP core expansion of CAN bus, and carries out the dual redundancy design of two-stage bus, which can increase the integration of satellite system while improving the reliability and stability of communication network, and can be applied to the integrated design of satellite operation and attitude control. According to CAN communication protocol, CAN communication function is designed, which can be adopted for data polling, data processing, communication fault diagnosis and other operations. Finally, the rationality and reliability of the hardware and software design are verified by connecting the onboard computer with the real-time simulator to conduct joint simulation, thus meeting the design requirements.


In 2017, Polyanskiy showed that the trade-off between power and bandwidth efficiency for massive Gaussian random access is governed by two fundamentally different regimes: low power and high power. For both regimes, tight performance bounds were found by Zadik et al., in 2019. This work utilizes recent results on the exact block error probability of Gaussian random codes in additive white Gaussian noise to propose practical methods based on iterative soft decoding to closely approach these bounds. In the low power regime, this work finds that orthogonal random codes can be applied directly. In the high power regime, a more sophisticated effort is needed. This work shows that power-profile optimization by means of linear programming, as pioneered by Caire et al. in 2001, is a promising strategy to apply. The proposed combination of orthogonal random coding and iterative soft decoding even outperforms the existence bounds of Zadik et al. in the low power regime and is very close to the non-existence bounds for message lengths around 100 and above. Finally, the approach of power optimization by linear programming proposed for the high power regime is found to benefit from power imbalances due to fading which makes it even more attractive for typical mobile radio channels.


The work of Rogovin and Scalapino on noise in Josephson junctions is applied to the cases of zero‐bias junctions, forward‐biased junctions at relatively low frequencies, and to the case of arbitrary bias and frequency. In the latter case there is an infinity in the noise at the bias voltage V0=hf/2e; these quantum effects are caused by Cooper pairs. The effect appears to be measurable at 100 GHz and 2 °K, in which case the infinity in the noise occurs at 0.207‐mV bias.


Summary  Background  Some studies have shown that cutaneous and mucosal melanoma biopsy specimens harbour human papillomavirus (HPV), suggesting that this virus may play a role in development and progression of the tumour.


LR fuzzy numbers and approximation arithmetic operator defined by Dubois and Prade are used to finding some fuzzy approximate solution  which satisfies two special type of fully fuzzy linear systems =,where and  are a fuzzy matrix and a fuzzy vector consisting of LR fuzzy numbers respectively.Namely,it was the fuzzy approximate solution of homogeneous fully fuzzy linear systems HFFLS and fuzzy linear systems FLS.


A new specimen of the species Litholingia rhora Ren, 2002, from the Middle-Upper Jurassic deposit of Daohugou, is used to redescribe the species and precise its diagnosis. We also propose a series of wing venation drawings highlighting the main characteristics of the wing venation all Litholingia species. Finally, we summarize the current diversity of the lacewing family Grammolingiidae.


Carbon nanotube / metal nanocomposites production process according to the present invention, after dispersing the carbon nanotubes dispersed in a suitable solvent to ultrasonic treatment to the dispersion solution (S101); Mixing the carbon nanotubes with the metal nano-powder was added to the metal nano-powder in the sonicated dispersion solution (S201); To afford a mixture powder by drying the solution with the carbon nanotube and the metal nano-powder are mixed (S301); And a step (S401) of sintering the mixed powder plasma spark; In that it comprises the features. According to the present invention, first, by using a metal nano-powder is non-uniform mixing problem was a problem in the conventional carbon nanotube / metal composite material is improved and so that the carbon nanotubes can be uniformly mixed and dispersed in doing metal-based, the second , by newly introducing a new step in a spark plasma sintering process instead of a conventional bulk-lowering process, such as a vacuum sintering or hot press method and it is possible to further increase the density of the sintered body.


Bacterial pathogens often subvert the innate immune system to establish a successful infection. The direct inhibition of downstream components of innate immune pathways is particularly well documented but how bacteria interfere with receptor proximal events is far less well understood. Here, we describe a Toll/interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain‐containing protein (PumA) of the multi‐drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA7 strain. We found that PumA is essential for virulence and inhibits NF‐κB, a property transferable to non‐PumA strain PA14, suggesting no additional factors are needed for PumA function. The TIR domain is able to interact with the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) adaptors TIRAP and MyD88, as well as the ubiquitin‐associated protein 1 (UBAP1), a component of the endosomal‐sorting complex required for transport I (ESCRT‐I). These interactions are not spatially exclusive as we show UBAP1 can associate with MyD88, enhancing its plasma membrane localization. Combined targeting of UBAP1 and TLR adaptors by PumA impedes both cytokine and TLR receptor signalling, highlighting a novel strategy for innate immune evasion.


In this thesis, we develop the basic theory of Chern classes in the setting of algebraic geometry. We motivate the definitions using the more classical picture of vector bundles in topology. We discuss some of the analogies between the theory in the topological setting and the algebro-geometric setting. We also make explicit several identifications that are often made in this area. As a demon-stration of the theory, we show that the top Chern class of a vector bundle encodes information about the zero locus of a generic section and we use that interpretation to compute the number of lines on smooth cubic surfaces in P 3 .


In the design of composite bridges, the North American practice either ignores or minimizes the contribution of transverse disphragms to the transverse load distribution; this results, among other disadvantages, in heavier longitudinal steel girders than necessary as well as in the loss of headroom. Recent tests have shown that when transverse steel I‐diaphragms are rigidly joined in a welded connection to the longitudinal steel girders, the wheel loads on the bridge become distributed in an orthotropic manner. The influence of bolted and welded transverse I‐diaphragms (to the longitudinal girders) on the response of composite bridges are investigated. Several composite bridge models were tested; repeated load tests were also conducted to examine the fatigue resistance of the longitudinal steel girders as influenced by the welding attachments. The experimental results are compared to theoretical ones based on the finite element method. It is concluded that the response of welded‐diaphragm composite bridge...


This paper presents data on treatment trials of two low pH mine waters using vertical flow reactors (VFRs) mine water treatment systems where mine water is directed through an unreactive gravel bed to encourage metal removal under aerobic conditions. Previous VFR studies have demonstrated their efficacy at iron (Fe) removal at circumneutral pH and at low pH in the UK; this study confirms the earlier work by showing that Fe can be removed at low pH at AMD sites in New Zealand. At one site, an active coal mine in New Zealand with AMD, up to 77% of the Fe is removed by a VFR. Some of this removal is attributed to filtering of particulate Fe(III) and microbial Fe(II) oxidation and heterogeneous precipitation. However, much of the removal is hypothesised to be from agglomeration and filtration of nanoparticulate colloidal-sized ferric iron precipitates. At a second site, the Bellvue Coal Mine AMD on the West Coast, one VFR treats anoxic water rich in Fe(II) from the mine pool (VFR-R) and another VFR treats oxidised water dominated by Fe(III) from the base of a cascade (VFR-O). Although Fe(II) is oxidised in the VFR-R, removal of Fe by the unit does not occur. On the contrary, up to 15% of the Fe is removed by the VFR-O, again largely contributed to agglomeration and filtration of nanoparticulate colloidal-sized ferric iron precipitates. The use of VFRs represents an inexpensive option for removing iron from low pH mine water without the requirement for pH adjustment.


Abstract—Identity-based encryption (IBE) systems are relatively recently proposed; yet they are highly popular for messaging applications since they offer new features such as certificateless infrastructure and anonymous communication. In this paper, we intended to propose an IBE infrastructure for
messaging applications. The proposed infrastructure requires one registration authority and at least one public key generator and they secret share the master secret key. In addition, the PKG also shares the same master secret with each user in the system in a different way. Therefore, the PKG will never be able to learn the private keys of users under non-collusion assumption. We discuss different aspects of the proposed infrastructure such as security, key revocation, uniqueness of the identities that constitute the main drawbacks of other IBE schemes. We demonstrate that our infrastructure solves many of these drawbacks under certain assumptions.


The invention relates to a dibromo-monomer containing di-furan and thiazole, a conjugated polymer and use thereof. The dibromo-monomer containing difuranzothiazole and the conjugated polymer have structural formulae shown by formula (I), formula (II), and formula (III), wherein R1 is C8-C20 alkyl, and n is not less than 1; R2 is C6-C20 alkyl; R3 is C6-C20 alkyl or hydrogen and n is not less than 1. According to the invention, the conjugated polymer containing brand new difuranzothiazole units is low-energy gap semiconducting polymer conjugated in main chain and processed in solution; research on film photovoltaic devices shows the materials can be used as active layer materials of film photovoltaic devices; in test of bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices, energy exchange efficiency reaches 3.06%.


This paper introduces a flash based file system for smart card. At the least cost, it achieves storage reclaim and reuse on the card, provides a damaged flash block management mechanism, averages the flash block's erase operation to prolong the flash storage life-span, and offers recovery approach for data lost by accident. The simulation confirms the file system's validity.


The material for this section is compiled by Charles I. Bevans, Assistant Legal Adviser, Department of State. Alfred P. Rubin, of the Office of the General Counsel, Department of Defense, and Bruno A. Ristau, of the Department of Justice, provide material originating in their respective Departments.


Cenomanian (mid Cretaceous) oysters from the Sergipe Basin in northeastern Brazil are described, with revisions of previously described forms. Nine genera and subgenera, including eleven species, are distinguished: Rastellum diluvianum (Linne, 1767), Amphidonte (Ceratostreon) reticulata (Reuss, 1846), A. (Ceratostreon) flabellata (Goldfuss, 1833), Exogyra (Costagyra) olisiponensis Sharpe, 1850, Ilymatogyra (Afrogyra) africana (Lamarck, 1801), Rhynchostreon (Rhynchostreon)mermeti (Coquand, 1862), R. (Laevigyra) obliquatum (Pulteney, 1813), R. (Laevigyra) sp., Pycnodonte (Phygraea) vesiculosa (J. Sowerby, 1823), Curvostrea rouvillei (Coquand, 1862) and Ambigostrea sp. No undoubted Turonian oysters are known from Sergipe, althoughR. (R.) mermeti possibly straddles the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary. This is in sharp contrast with the situation in the more northerly Brazilian basins, from where several Turonian but no Cenomanian forms have been described. Well-preserved material from Sergipe confirms the close relationship between Exogyra (Costagyra) Vialov andVultogryphaea Vialov. The palaeobiogeographical affinity of the oyster fauna is typically Tethyan with many taxa that are known particularly from the southern Tethys. The inferred palaeoenvironment as implied by the oysters is that of a shallow shelf.


We report the results of a free-electron laser experiment which has produced 1--2-..mu..sec duration pulses of approx.30-GHz radiation at power levels up to 4 MW. This is the first free-electron laser in the high-current operating regime to employ no external electron-focusing field. Consequently, there is no cyclotron emission, and the output radiation is unambiguously identified as free-electron laser emission.


The background and the organization of the reading internship run by Oakland Schools (Michigan) are briefly described. The eight-week program provides training for,elementary and secondary teachers from constituent school districts, which enables them to function as reading support personnel. Areas of study include reading theory and methodolgoy, diagnosis and evaluation, and prescriptive planning to meet student needs through diagnostic testing. (AA)


Nutrients play an important role in improving productivity and quality of banana. It has been observed that the nutrient applied alone was less effective in improving banana production as compared to nutrients applied in combination with organic manures and biofertilizers. Keeping in view the conservation of soil health and quality production on a long-term basis, a field experiment was conducted during 2009–2011 to find out the influence of Integrated Nutrient Management of banana on leaf characteristics, growth and nutrient status of tissue cultured banana cv. 'Grand Naine'. The study indicates that combination of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures, biofertilizers and bioagents significantly increased growth parameters, leaf characteristics, and leaf nutrient status of banana. The leaf characteristics in terms of functional leaves, total number of leaves, phyllochron, leaf area, and leaf area index were significantly influenced by the combination of inorganic fertilizers with different biofertilizers and organic manures. Similarly, leaf nutrient status like nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, (P2O5), potassium dioxide (K2O), and leaf relative water content were also influenced greatly by different nutrients. Treatment involving combination of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) + Azospirillum+ Trichoderma harzianum showed overall superiority in most of the parameters.


Five factors(DNA polymerase,Mg2+,template DNA,dNTPs,primer) in ISSR-PCR reaction system were carried on the optimized experiment by taking the genomic DNA of Elymus nutans as template.The optimum reaction system and reaction process of E.nutans ISSR-PCR analysis were established.The results of this study showed that the volume of reaction system was 25 μL.It included 2.5 μL 10×buffer(except Mg2+),1.0 U TapDNA polymerase,2.0 mmol/L Mg2+,30-120 ng template DNA,0.25 mmol/L dNTP and 0.25 μmol/L primer.Eleven primers with stable amplification and rich polymorphism were obatined based on the optimal PCR reaction system.The reaction program was devised for 2 min at 94℃ in the first circle,1 min at 94℃,51℃ for 1 min(depended on different primer),72℃ for 1.5 min for 41 cycles,and 72℃ for 10 min for extending,which was obatined across the gradient PCR experiments,including temperature gradient,cycle gradient and extending time gradient experiments.Validation of the optimistic ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification program showed that the reaction system and amplification program had high stability and good reproducibility.


chapter 1 Echoes of the Primeval Revelation chapter 2 Lifestyles of Hunter-gatherers chapter 3 Hunter-gatherers in Tierra Del Fuego chapter 4 The Lenape Worship the Supreme Being chapter 5 The Happy Hunting Ground chapter 6 Creation Myths Around the Globe chapter 7 Global Recognition of the Supreme Being chapter 8 Creation in Genesis chapter 9 The Six Days chapter 10 The Garden of Eden chapter 11 The Original Sin chapter 12 Genesis During the Babylonian Exile chapter 13 The Bible and Science chapter 14 A Salute to Adam and Eve chapter 15 From Adam to Christ chapter 16 References chapter 17 Index


After recounting the legislative history of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, this article reconsiders the legislative compromise that allowed in this Act for capped compensatory and punitive damages as remedies for Title VII violations. This reconsideration is made in light of the Court's decision in Kolstad v. American Dental Association, granting employers protection from a punitive damage remedy if they can demonstrate a good faith effort to comply with the Act. The article argues that this holding obviates the need for damage cap protection of innocent employers. It does so by enabling employers to shield themselves from the threat of punitive damages through the adoption and implementation of reasonable anti-discrimination policies. Kolstad, if properly interpreted, exposes only those controlling owners and managers whose operations no reasonable member of Congress would want to defend as worthy of protection from the threat of even a financially devastating verdict.The article also acknowledges and analyzes lower court decisions that have interpreted Kolstad narrowly to allow punitive damages against reasonable employers by ignoring the distinctions the Court drew between the standards for employer liability for compensatory damages and those for employer liability for punitive damages. In part because of these decisions, the article suggests a clarifying codification of Kolstad as part of a legislative compromise to eliminate the Title VII caps.


Substantial changes in cigarette or caffeine consumption may necessitate a dose adjustment of clozapine In 2014, bpacnz published an article on the safer prescribing of clozapine. Since this time, a number of fatalities, along with new research, has reiterated the need for close monitoring of patients treated with this high-risk medicine. Clozapine is often effective for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, however, proactive and co-ordinated management is required, which is the primary responsibility of the initiating prescriber. In particular, patients should not necessarily be relied on to report symptoms of adverse effects. The primary care team can improve safety through monitoring and management of constipation, neutropenia, metabolic effects and cardiac toxicity, and being aware of medicines which may interact with clozapine or exacerbate its adverse effects.


What is a portfolio? Professional Learning Writing a Professional Autobiography Action Learning Reflection as Learning Recording Learning and Practice Describing and Reflecting on Practice Designing an Electronic Portfolio Designing and Constructing Your Portfolio


Flare is a critical impact on extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Flare can be calculated by integrating flare point spread function (PSF) within the bright field. Flare PSF is defined as (1-TIS)δ(r)+PSFSC(r); where TIS, total integrated scatter, is traditonally defined as integration of PSFSC to infinity, and r is distance on wafer. PSFSC is traditionally derived from power spectral density (PSD) of surface roughness of mirrors of optics. However, the amount of scatter light depends on mirror PSDs, while a portion of scatter light having a larger scatter angle cannot reach wafer; this means there is energy loss in optics. Hence TIS should be defined as total amount of as-scattered light, while PSFSC should be defined as amount of light reaching wafer for use to calculate image intensity. We then introduced two PSFs: PSFSC and PSFSC0. PSFSC0 is directly derived from mirror PSDs and used to calculate TIS. PSFSC is derived based on amount of light reaching wafer taking obscuration inside optics into account. We also applied other considerations: release of approximation in domain conversion from PSD to PSF, and scatter extinct effect by multilayer. Using these considerations we can calculate flare behaviors which agree well with experiments.


The purpose of this study was to describe a method of 4‐dimensional (4D) reconstruction of the cardiac chambers and outflow tracts using a combination of spatiotemporal image correlation, "inversion mode," and "B‐flow" imaging.


There appear to be large differences in the compensation of American and Japanese executives. Such statements suffer from a number of shortcomings, one of which is that compensation takes different forms in the U.S. and Japan. As a result, a classic error of comparing apples and oranges occurs. We use a broad definition of compensation and some preliminary data and find that the large differences may disappear when adjusted for the value of insider information.


Inter-car communication has emerged in recent times as a viable solution towards reducing traffic hazards, with the recent US government mandate in favor of vehicle-to-vehicle communication highlighting the movement towards this direction in the automobile industry. However, questions remain as to how information from other cars can be effectively relayed to a driver, especially so as to not overload the driver with too much information. Meanwhile, a parallel thread of development in the space of Smart HUDs has shown the applicability of augmented reality to increase the situational awareness of drivers on the road. In this paper, we build on these threads of work and show how Smart HUDs can be an effective platform for projecting relevant information from surrounding vehicles in real time, and how an onboard AI component can avoid increased cognitive burden on the driver by determining when and what information to project based on its models of the driver and the surrounding environment.


We give the first proof of the existence of a renormalisation fixed-point for period-doubling in pairs of maps of two variables lying in the so-called Feigenbaum-Summation (FS) universality class. The first map represents a subsystem that is unimodal with an extremum of degree two. The dynamics of the second map accumulates an integral characteristic of the dynamics of the first, via a particular form of unidirectional coupling. We prove the existence of the corresponding renormalisation fixed point by rigorous computer-assisted means and gain tight rigorous bounds on the associated universal constants. Our work provides the first step in establishing rigorously the picture conjectured by Kuznetsov et al of the birth, from the FS-type fixed point, of the so-called C-type two-cycle via a period doubling in the dynamics of the renormalisation group transformation itself.


The interest in the use of advanced fuels (carbide and advanced oxide) in LMFBR's stems from the projected improvement in breeding properties over conventional mixed-oxide fuels. This improvement in breeding is a consequence of the higher fuel volume fractions achievable in the advanced fuels designs and the concomitant harder neutron spectrum and lower enrichment. The impact of these changes, not only on the breeding properties but also on the safety physics parameters (/sup 238/U Doppler effect, sodium void effect, and /sup 10/B control rod worth), has a strong bearing on whether these fuels are ultimately adopted. A set of key integral physics parameters were measured in a series of advanced fuels critical assemblies constructed on ZPR-9 to assess the relative safety and breeding properties of candidate advanced fuels. The experimental results confirmed the projected improvement in the breeding properties in advanced fuels cores relative to current oxide LMFBR cores, and revealed that the accompanying changes in the safety-related physics parameters were generally large and of unfavorable sign. Specifically, it was found that relative to the ZPR-6, assembly 7 benchmark ''current mixed-oxide'' values for normalized parameters, the central /sup 238/U Doppler worth decreased by 20-40%, the central /sup 10/B worth decreasedmore » by 10 to 20% and the central (non-leakage component) sodium void reactivity worth increased by 30 to 40% in the advanced fuels compositions. It was shown that the C/E values on safety parameters in the advanced fuels compositions are of comparable size to those in current oxide assemblies.« less


This commentary on Mayberry and Kluender ( 2017 ) considers the geometry of the function relating Age of Acquisition (AoA) to L2 attainment, the effects of multilingual exposure on one's native language(s) and, briefly, the role of education in language learning.


Weather is one of the main drivers of both the power demand and supply, especially in the Nordic region which is characterized by high heating needs and a high share of renewable energy. Furthermore, ambitious decarbonization plans may cause power to replace fossil fuels for heating in the Nordic region, at the same time as large wind power expansions are expected, resulting in even greater exposure to weather risk. In this study, we quantify the increase in weather risk resulting from replacing fossil fuels with power for heating in the Nordic region, at the same time as variable renewable generation expands. First, we calibrate statistical weather-driven power consumption models for each of the countries Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland. Then, we modify the weather sensitivity of the models to simulate different levels of heating electrification, and use 300 simulated weather years to investigate ∗Corresponding author. E-mail: email@example.com 1 ar X iv :2 11 2. 02 89 3v 1 [ ec on .G N ] 6 D ec 2 02 1 Heating Electrification and Weather Risk Working Paper – December 2021 how differing weather conditions impact power consumption at each electrification level. The results show that full replacement of fossil fuels by power for heating in 2040 leads to an increase in annual consumption of 155 TWh (30%) compared to a business-as-usual scenario during an average weather year, but a 178 TWh (34%) increase during a one-in-twenty weather year. However, the increase in the peak consumption is greater: around 50% for a normal weather year, and 70% for a one-in-twenty weather year. Furthermore, wind and solar generation contribute little during the consumption peaks. The increased weather sensitivity caused by heating electrification causes greater total load, but also causes a significant increase in inter-annual, seasonal, and intra-seasonal variations. We conclude that heating electrification must be accompanied by an increase in power system flexibility to ensure a stable and secure power supply.


The "global roaming" features between wide varieties of networks operating at different frequencies call for the development of reconfigurable concurrent oscillator. The RCO design approach demonstrated in this work can offer low cost configurable signal source, which is amenable for integration in present integrated circuit (IC) technology. The measured phase noise is -130 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the respective carriers over the tuning range (1800- 2600MHz/3900-5400MHz), and the topology can be easily extended to higher order bands.


Abstract : Research on the micromechanical behavior of composites reinforced with boron and other fibers is reported. A wide variety of reinforcing elements were used in photoelastic matrix materials to form beams, plates, and three-dimensional microspecimens of varied configurations. The effects of reinforcing element modulus and elongation were investigated in beams in four- and three-point loading. The degree of stiffening derived from various filament reinforcing materials was defined, and different failure mechanisms were investigated. Reinforced plates were biaxially tested, and fiber unbonding, buckling, and the subsequent stress redistribution were observed photoelastically. Significant advances in microphotoelasticity are reported. Very small specimens were loaded, and sharp microscopic photoelastic stress patterns (including induced flaw points) were photographed. The filament configurations represent typical laminate geometries, and small flaws were seen to have a remarkably wide field of influence. (Author)


During the past summer I made at Woods Holl a number of observations and experiments on the regeneration of several animal forms. The results are here brought together, although they have little more in common than that they all deal with problems of regeneration.


People who have schizophrenia have higher rates of morbidity and mortality and a shorter life expectancy partly due to less healthy lifestyle choices such as a diet lacking in fruit and vegetables and lack of exercise. This study attempts to improve our understanding about the factors that affect lifestyle choices in this group of people. This is a qualitative study in which seven people with schizophrenia were interviewed using semi‐structured interviews about their lifestyle, including their diet and exercise, and they were encouraged to talk about the various factors that might influence their decisions and behaviour with respect to these. The interviews were tape recorded, transcribed and then independently analysed by five analysts looking for themes. The themes were then cross‐referenced by the interviewer looking for common themes. Four common themes were identified and were grouped as lack of motivation, psychotic symptoms, lack of physical health‐related knowledge and side effects to medication. This study suggests that a holistic approach needs to be taken when considering physical health in these patients, and that physical health promotion and education should go hand in hand with physical health monitoring.


The effective optical-activity tensor of a layered-periodic medium formed by naturally gyrotropic crystals with a magnetic structure is calculated. Superlattices with a compensated linear birefringence can be created. The dielectric tensors and magnetic permeability of these are mutually proportional


A piece of batik cloth contains philosophical values, symbolic meanings, traces of events, ethnic identity, social stratification, spirituality, and records of the journey of civilization. Tiga Negeri batik is evidence of cultural assimilation and acculturation in Java. Tiga Negeri is the nickname for the three places from which batik is made from the process of designing, drawing (mbatik), and onto coloring. This batik, which is closely related to Chinese culture, originated in Lasem, then during its spread to Surakarta, the motifs and color schemes became richer due to the assimilation between coastal batik and inland batik, and thus it eventually became Tiga Negeri batik from Surakarta. However, recently this unique Surakarta's Tiga Negeri batik is losing its prestige and requires revitalization efforts to sustain its sustainability.


A novel design concept of multi-degree-of-freedom (multi-DOF) piezoelectric actuator is introduced in the paper. The main idea is to connect two identical piezoelectric transducers by hyperelastic material in order to increase the total number of degrees-of-freedom of the system. Such design principle also allows to separate vibrations of two piezoelectric transducers and to control them independently. The ring- and cylinder-type piezoelectric transducers were used to design two multi-DOF ultrasonic actuators for precise laser beam positioning. Reflecting mirror is mounted on the top of the actuator and is preloaded by magnetic force. Both disc- and cylinder-type actuators can realize up to six degrees-of-freedom, i.e., to rotate the mirror about three axes employing one transducer and to position mirror in the plane by using another transducer. Bidirectional rotation and translation motion of the mirror are obtained by switching excitation signals between different electrodes of the transducers. Both the numerical simulation and physical prototype were used to verify operating principle of the actuators. Numerical investigation of the piezoelectric actuator was performed to investigate modal-frequency and harmonic response analysis while experimental study was performed to measure electrical and mechanical output characteristics of the piezoelectric actuator. A mathematical model of contacting force control was proposed, and numerical verification was performed when the mirror need to be rotated according to the specific motion trajectory.


A months-long hike of the Appalachian Trail often involve long-term preparation and life-altering decisions. Would-be hikers leverage institutional knowledge from literature and online forums to physically and mentally prepare for such an arduous hike. Their use of social platforms provide useful insights on motivations for undertaking the thru-hike, how they deal with unexpected conditions on the trail and understand choices made in conditions of scarcity. By analyzing over 100,000 Reddit posts and comments in r/AppalachianTrail and applying a Sense of Community theory, we sought to understand hikers' identity as community members, how their emotional and practical needs are met, and how they evolve. We found that the role and language of thru-hikers change as they progress from pre-hike, on-hike, and post-hike stages, from a questioner early on, to an expert post-hike. We conclude with design recommendations to support offline communities online.


The purpose of this study was to compare, via cinematographical and multiple linear regression analyses, the kinematics of power skating and rollerblade skating. Fifteen university level varsity hockey players served as subjects. Following an acclimatization period, the subjects were filmed while performing a 20.0 meter maximum effort skating task both on-ice (using ice skates) and off-ice (using rollerblades). Comparisons on the basis of "identical elements" which involved a kinematic matching of movement parameters indicated a close relationship between the two skating modes. Best fit linear regression equations consisting of four variables for both on-ice and office skating showed significant results when predicting observed velocities. Several statistical cross-validation techniques were performed with and without compensation for frictional differences. Traditional cross validation produced significant results, the more esoteric did not It was concluded that the two modes of skating were similar from both a practical standpoint, and from a basic statistical perspective as well.


: With the increasingly fierce competition among communication operators, it is more and more important to make an accurate prediction of potential off⁃grid users. To solve the above problem, it is inevitable to consider the effectiveness of learning algo⁃ rithms, the efficiency of data processing, and other factors. Therefore, in this paper, we, from the practical application point of view, propose a potential customer off⁃grid predic⁃ tion system based on Spark, including data pre⁃processing, feature selection, model build⁃ ing, and effective display. Furthermore, in the research of off ⁃ grid system, we use the Spark parallel framework to improve the gcForest algorithm which is a novel decision tree ensemble approach. The new parallel gcForest algorithm can be used to solve practical problems, such as the off⁃grid prediction problem. Experiments on two real⁃world datasets demonstrate that the proposed prediction system can handle large⁃scale data for the off⁃ grid user prediction problem and the proposed parallel gcForest can achieve satisfying per⁃ formance.


Theory of quantum electrodynamic and of nuclear effects in highly charged ions is reviewed. The currently available theoretical results for the Lamb shift, the hyperfine structure splitting, and the bound-electron g-factor in high-Z few-electron atoms are compared with recent experiments. A special attention is focused on testing quantum electrodynamics in domains which were not available before.


OBJECTIVE
To review and synthesize studies on household food security in South Africa.

DESIGN
Systematic mapping review of metrics (methodological review).

SETTING
Electronic databases, including EBSCOHost, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched for studies and reports on household food security in South Africa, reporting household food security published between 1999 and 2021. Searching, selecting and reporting were performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement.

PARTICIPANTS
South African households.

RESULTS
Forty-eight articles reporting on six national surveys (one repeated annually since 2002) and forty sub-national studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. Various metrics, with different recall periods and ways of categorizing food security levels, were identified. Surveys that used similar metrics showed that the percentage of South African households that have experienced food insecurity and hunger has decreased over the review period yet remains concerning. However, the multitude of metrics used to assess the different components and levels of food security limits the comparability of the results to evaluate the scope and scale of the problem.

CONCLUSIONS
There is growing support for developing multi-variable approaches for food security research in sub-Saharan Africa. Future research should focus on finding the most appropriate combination of complementary metrics that would allow comparable data while holistically capturing food security and providing insight into the causes and consequences.


Agricultural water-saving compensation mechanism is the internal driving force for encouraging agricultural water-saving.By investigating the agricultural water-saving Compensation of the drip irrigation technology in Shihezi Reclamation Area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the article analyzes the current problems in agricultural water-saving compensation of drip irrigation technology and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions so as to provide experience for the promotion and application of drip irrigation technology in other parts of our country.


Nonintellingence factors are closely related students' English study. During English teaching, the teachers should strengthen the education of students' study object, and apply flexible and various teaching methods to arouse and cultivate study motives and interests of students.


OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for determination of moxifloxacin hydrochloride and dexamethasone acetate in Compound moxifloxacin ear drops simultaneously.METHODS The chromatographic column was SHIM-PACK VP-ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with column temperature of 30℃.The mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffer solution(which contained 0.02 mol·L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% triethylamine)-methanol(40:60,adjust pH to 3.0 by phosphoric acid),The flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was at 241 nm and the injected volume was 20 μl.RESULTS The calibration curve for moxifloxacin hydrochloride was linear between 0.3-2.4 μg(r=0.9999,n=5) and the average recovery rate was 98.73% with RSD of 0.89%.The calibration curve for dexamethasone acetate was linear between 0.03-0.24 μg(r=0.9999,n=5) and the average recovery rate was 98.24% with RSD of 0.75%.CONCLUSION The method is simple,rapid,accurate,reproducible and can be used for quantity control of compound moxifloxacin ear drops.


Extraction of solanesol from discarded tobacco by supercritical CO2 was studied.The extraction pressure,temperature,entrainer amount,and extraction time were investigated.The optimum conditions of extraction obtained through orthogonal experiments were as follows:extraction pressure 25MPa,extraction temperature 50 ℃,entrainer amount 6mL/g(75% ethanol),and extraction time 2 h.Crude solansol was extracted by hexane with purity of 30.5% after saponification and acidification.The solansol products with 80.8% purity was obtained by recrystallization.Through further purification by silica column chromatography using petroleun ether/ethyl acetate(8/1,V/V) as mobile phase,the purity of solanesol can reach 99.3% a yield of 0.525%.


The integrated individual soldier combat system(IISCS) is a brand new weapon system.The research on its evaluation techniques is of great significance.The article discusses the concept of weapon system comprehensive performance and the evaluation steps,evaluation method,and concludes that grey method applies better to the comprehensive performance evaluation of the IISCS.According to the grey characteristics in the system assessment factors,it provides the quantifying method of the index factors,and establishes the comprehensive performance evaluation model based on AHP(analytic hierarchy process) and grey relational grade.Finally,it proves the effectiveness of the method by using the example of data in three types of systems.


This master's study concerns a Tswana stone-walled site in the North West Province. Within this province, the Zeerust-Rustenburg-Pilanesberg region has been of particular interest to Tswana settlement studies. In this region, the Tswana built stone-walled settlements from the mid 17th to the 19th century CE; altering their settlement style from dispersed to aggregated during this time. The aggregated settlements reflect a centralisation of socio-political authority in the region. However, prior research has focussed predominantly on these aggregated settlements, with little research conducted on small-scaled sites. To further understand the communities inhabiting this region during this time we need to look at varying scaled sites. A more nuanced view of regional interaction, group association, and identity is formed from this perspective. This research utilises historical, ethnographic, and archaeological data to interpret a small scaled site, termed Lebenya. The historical data presents a possible identity of the past community who inhabited the site, the Phiring. However, the archaeological data could not conclusively link the site to this past group. Nonetheless, the archaeological data presents new spatial and excavated data for the region, specifically expanding the range of documented smallscaled sites.


Objective:To compare the clinical effects of the internal radiation of Iodine-125 seeds implantation with intraoperative high energy electric beam on patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma.Methods:Ten cases were treated by the internal and interstitial radiation using Iodine-125 implantation(group A) and fifty cases of unresectable and advanced pancreatic carcinomas were treated by intraoperative high energy electric beam(group B).The survival rate and effective rate of the two groups after treatment were compared.Results:The medium survival period of group A was 4.6 months, it was 6.5 months for the group B. Half a year and one year survival rate was 40 % and 10% for group A, while it was 62% and 52% for group B(P0.01). The effective rate of pain relieving was 60% for group A, it was 80% for group B(P0.05).Conclusion:The major problem of internal radiation of Iodine-125 seeds implantation was low precision.Precision implantation upon treatment plan system is a key point for better results.


In Brazil, teacher training dates from the nineteenth century, after independence from Portugal (1822). One of the problems at that time was that, despite the strong French inspiration of normal schools, with emphasis on the pedagogical and didactics aspects, in practice teachers learned nothing but the content they should teach their students. Despite changes over time, with the splitting process to form primary school teachers (escolas normais) and secondary education (at the university), some problems in the training teachers' process still remain. In this article, we seek to listen to the teachers themselves about their training in a controversial issue: human life, its beginning and its end. It is a part of a thesis defended in 2009. The 11 participating teachers were mostly experienced in training teachers and said that these professionals are not prepared for it.


Introduction: Although levosimendan is commonly used, recent clinical trials remain ambiguous. Extra-corporeal circulation induces Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (IRI) and inflammation. Methods: In our study, male rats (400-500 g) were cannulated, intravenously treated with 12 μg/kg body weight levosimendan (n = 4) or vehicle solution (n = 5) and connected to a heart-lung machine. To induce IRI, 45 min circulatory arrest was performed. After reperfusion, rats were euthanized. Cytokines were analyzed by ELISA and salvage pathways and apoptosis by western blot. Results: After circulatory arrest, heart rate and blood pressure recovered faster in the levosimendan group. The need for buffering solution and catecholamines was 40% lower in the levosimendan group. Cytokines increased in both groups during the procedure but levosimendan diminished the increase of IL-6(44 %). Whereas activation of AKT did not differ between groups, p44-42 MAPK (+ 29%) and p38 MAPK (+ 17%) increased and STAT3 (55%) decreased in levosimendan heart samples. PARP-cleavage was 35% decreased in the levosimendan group indicating lower apoptosis. Conclusions: Application of levosimendan seems to affect salvage pathways, cytokines and apoptosis. Levosimendan treated rats recovered faster and showed beneficial changes. These findings may serve our understanding of levosimendan in the context of IRI, allowing better patient tailored drug application. Received Date: April 05, 2017 Accepted Date: April 29, 2017 Published Date: May 08, 2017 Citation: Udo Boeken, et al. CARDIA Exploring the Pleiotropic Effects of Levosimendan – Impact on Systemic Inflammatory Parameters and Molecular Salvage Path-ways by Modulation of Cytokine Levels and Tissue Apoptosis Rate. (2017) J Heart Cardiol 3(1): 19.


Carbon-fibre reinforced composites (CFRP) and glass-fibre reinforced composites (GFRP) has seen widespread usage in various industries, from aerospace to utilities. With the 'The green shift' and sustainability movement gaining momentum, there is an increased pressure for sustainable / natural materials to be used. Natural materials such as flax fibre can be used as a replacement for glass fibres. With the expectation that these composites will see increased usage, there is a need to develop inspection technologies.

In this paper, single element immersion ultrasonic testing is used to inspect the flax fibre composites. The initial step involved inspection optimisation to obtain ideal input parameters. The raw results had no clear detection of the seeded delamination (using Teflon sheets). An advanced post-processing technique used for fibre waviness detection in CFRP was applied to the data. This post-processing technique included frequency analysis, phase analysis and amplitude analysis. The three types of data were separated from the raw data and visualised using a C-scan. Using this post-processing method, the seeded delamination could be detected.

As a follow-up, more samples of various thicknesses and varying values of fibre waviness were fabricated to understand the limitation of inspection of flax fibres composites. This was achieved by having different thicknesses of Teflon sheets. The aim is to eventually have an inspection technique for a natural composite.
This inspection technique and post-processing techniques has the potential to be applied onto the composite fabrication process, to aid in the manufacturing, optimisation, and validation process.


. The increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are emerging as major public health problems worldwide. Both sufferings share pathophysiological characteristics and have no cure. Inflammation of the central and peripheral nervous system has been shown to be the link between DM and AD. Oxidative stress is also associated with AD and DM. The increasing complexity of the problems and the continuous growth of information creates the need for the use of Decision Suport System (DSS) driven by the use of new technologies such as big data and machine learning. In this context, the objective of this work is to use decision trees and Bayesian networks as mechanisms of classification of AD gene expression levels, DM, inflammation and oxidative stress, MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score and the number of neurofibrillary tangles to classify 31 individuals (9 healthy controls and 22 AD patients in three different stages of disease) that could be key in the development of AD. Our results allowed us to generate classification models of different states of AD severity, according to the MMSE and we found that the level of expression of the ADIPOQ gene could play an important role in the onset of AD. Our pre-dictive model can contribute knowledge that could be incorporated into a personalized medical DSS in the future.


According to famed atheist Richard Dawkins, "Darwin made it possible to be an intellectually fulfilled atheist." Many today follow Dawkins and assume that Charles Darwin ushered in a dysteleological view of nature with no ultimate plan or purpose and no place for God. However, an examination of the primary historical literature—Darwin's private Notebooks on Transmutation (1837-1839), his two most important books, Origin of Species (1859) and Descent of Man (1871), and his personal correspondence with colleagues—reveals that the father of evolutionary theory thought deeply about the religious implications of his science. In challenging Dawkins and poplar belief, I will glean theological insights from Darwin's writings to propose the provocative anti-thesis that Darwin made it possible to be an intellectually fulfilled Christian theist.


Mars Science Laboratory is a scientific mission to deliver a rover with ten science instruments to the surface of Mars. In order to accomplish this, a cruise stage and entry vehicle, which is comprised of an aeroshell and descent stage, are used. The backshell interface plate (BIP) interfaces to the backshell, the cruise stage and the descent stage. Also attached to the BIP is the parachute support structure (PSS) which interfaces to both structure and soft goods of the parachute deceleration system. The primary function of the BIP and PSS is to anchor all of these major subsystems together and provide the structural load paths necessary to support the launch, entry, mortar fire, and parachute inflation loads. The key challenges for this hardware lie in the complex configuration, several unique load cases, multiple load paths, and the magnitude of the loads. This paper will describe the design of the backshell interface plate and parachute support structure as well as the key challenges and how they were met.


Cellulose ethers (CEs) are commonly used as viscosity enhancing, water retaining agents in cement-based mortars. Nevertheless, studies about the effect of CEs on the properties of natural hydraulic lime-based mortars (NHL) are absent, although the use of mortars with hydraulic lime is often preferred for renovation purposes. In this study, the behavior of NHL mortars modified by four different CEs is assessed. The fresh state of mortars was characterized by water retention, air content, density a consistency. Hardened mortars were submitted to strength determination, study of pore size distribution, and thermogravimetric analyses. Transport of liquid water in the studied materials was characterized by water absorption coefficient, sorptivity, and liquid water diffusivity. Durability of the prepared mortars was monitored by frost-resistance tests. The results revealed elevated air content and water retention in mortars with increasing dose of CEs resulting in decreased density of fresh mortars. The strengths of modified mortars surpassed the reference ones at age of 180 d despite the fact that the mortars showed higher open porosity and water absorption. Enhanced porosity of mortars resulted in improvement of their frost resistance and faster carbonation. From a practical and economical point of view, the CEs dosage of 0.5% by weight of the binder appears to be sufficient.


Objective To explore the value of urine AD7c-NTP assay in clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods The urine AD7c-NTP level was determined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 218 elderly people,who were divided into three groups:the AD group(n=46),the vascular dementia group(VD,n=50)and the normal mental state group(n=122).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0.Results The urine AD7c-NTP content of the three groups were(33.35±1.61),(18.19±1.41)and(18.30±1.45)μg/ml respectively.Compared with the normal mental state group and the AD group,AD group had a significant increase of the urine AD7c-NTP level,which was positively correlated with the severity of the disease.No significant difference was found between the VD group and the normal mental state group.There were 91.4% of subjects with probable AD who had an elevated AD7c-NTP measurement(﹥22μg/ml).There were 90.7% of subjects diagnosed as de? nite non-AD who had a normal AD7c-NTP measurement(≦22μg/ml).Conclusion Noninvasive urine AD7c-NTP test,probably a biochemical marker of AD.


Background. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori has become a therapeutic option in the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current management strategies of Israeli gastroenterologists in the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori‐related peptic ulcer disease, 14 years after the discovery of H. pylori.


The paper focuses on social work education and practice into the next millennium with particular reference to Africa. It argues that as the year 2000 draws near, the most insurmountable challenges for social work education and practice in Africa are likely to emanate from issues that traditionally have not been regarded as falling within the domain of the social work profession. Issues falling in this category are identified as including the refugee problem, the AIDS issue, unemployment, the ecology and structural adjustment programmes. Iturges the social work profession to become aggressive and more adventurOus if it is to be taken seriously and indeed as it hopes to sufficiently address the problems in a meaningful way. Social work training therefore must be made more appropriate if it is to sufficiently equip practitioners with the relevant skills and knowledge that will enable them to meaningfully tackle these and other social challenges.


The content of iron in Caulis Spatholobi,Rhizoma Curcumae Longe,Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae was determined by Spectrophotometry.The samples were digested that in pH 4~6,the Fe3+ was deoxidized to Fe2+ by hydroxylamine hydrochloride,then the Fe2+ and 1,10-phenanthroline produced a nacaratcomplexes.The iron content of the sample was calculated by measuring the absorbances of sample at 510 nm by spectrophotometer.The results show that there are considerably rich iron in Chinese herbs.The order: Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae more than Rhizoma Curcumae Longe;Rhizoma Curcumae Longe more than Caulis Spatholobi.It concludes that the rusults give some reliable data for studying the medicinal role? of Caulis Spatholobi,Rhizoma Curcumae Longe,Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae,which can provide some scientific data for developing and making use of chinese herbs


Corporations increasingly employ social media to interact with (external) stakeholders and to manage a favourable online corporate reputation. As these web-based media are generally public by default, it is important for corporations to communicate with caution. The goal of this Master research was to establish how linguistic Self-Politeness techniques are currently employed by corporations in Twitter discourse in order to maintain corporate face and manage crisis situations. The study focused on the use of the five Corporate Self-Politeness (CSP) superstrategies to perform a Corporate Self-Face Threatening Act (CSFTA) that were identified in Zweers (2012): Bald, With Redress, Off Record, Withhold CSFTA and Disavow the CFTA. It also analysed the use of Empathy/Sympathy expressions (E/S) in 154 discourse samples collected from five different corporate Twitter accounts. Each communicative event was furthermore assessed on its inherent threat to corporate face based on type of crisis situation identified; ranging from no/minimal threat to severe threat. The results revealed that companies often use 'With Redress' strategies, regardless of the severity of threat to corporate face. Yet, the findings proved that degree of threat to corporate face is significantly related to the selection of a specific CSP strategy and the use of empathy/sympathy expressions. Bald strategies and the absence of E/S was mainly detected in non-threatening communicative events, whereas withholding a CSFTA and the presence of E/S was especially detected in situations that pose a severe threat to corporate face.


Yeh, Lester, and Tauber (1986) reported that the higher the subjective level of stress reported by real estate sales people, the less their productivity in real estate sales. To check upon the reliability of this result, a questionnaire was administered anonymously to 28 men and 54 women who were real estate sales people (M,, 44.4 yr., SD = 10.7) and attending the New Jersey Real Estate Convention in Atlantic City. The questionnaire contained the selfreport inventory of Langner (1962) to measure subjective feelings of stress and questions concerning the net income from sales of real estate in the previous year. The mean stress score was 48.1 (SD = 12.7), and the mean income was $36,793 (SD = $23,583). The Pearson correlation between income and stress was -0.22 ( p < .05), and this association survived controls for sex and age by means of partial correlation. The study confirmed the conclusion of the earlier study that stress and productivity are negatively related in real estate sales people.


Various methods for single radio continuity for performing the transfer. One example method includes obtaining a timer value, wherein the delay timer value based on the communication remote device. The distal end of the device to a communication delay may be determined during the establishment of a session with the remote device. The exemplary method further includes performing a wait period duration of the timer value, and in response to the end of the waiting period, triggering a single radio continuity network transfer. And it provides a similar example methods and associated apparatus examples.


The flow properties of the gel system,which is made from the aqueous solution of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) and sodium salicylate(NaSaI),is studied by means of the controlled stress rheometer.The results show that such gel system exhibits markedly shear-thinning feature,and belongs to the non-Newtonian fluid.Its rheology equation can be represented satisfactorily by the power law mode,and the flow behavior index(n) is less than 1.00.At the range of high temperature,namely from 340.15 K to 370.15 K,the temperature-dependence of the gel system of CTAB(2%) and NaSaI(0.8%) can be described by Arrhenius equation.The activation energy is determined to be 50.40 kJ/mol.With the adding of KCl,the viscosity behavior of polyselectrolyte solution is observed in this gel system.


This study aims to determine: (1) the influence of the compensation variable on job satisfaction (2) the influence of the variable work discipline on job satisfaction (3) about the effect of work motivation on employee job satisfaction at PT. PP Perkebunan Jember Widodaren . This research is a causal associative study using a quantitative approach. The population in this study were employees of PT. PP Perkebunan Jember Widodaren amounting to 69 people. The sampling technique in this research is census. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for linearity, multicolonierity and heteroscedasticity tests. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression. The results of this research are at the significant level 5% indicates that: (1) Compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. This is evidenced by the beta coefficient (β) 0,227 (p <0,05; p = 0,042) and the effect of compensation on employee job satisfaction with a significant level of 0,003 (2) Work motivation has a positive but not significant effect on employee job satisfaction as evidenced by the level of significance of 0,394.


The World Health Organisation has proposed an innovative view on the legal definition of human health, which countries have borrowed and included in their national laws and regulations. At the beginning the legal definition of human health was seen as an innovation and a progressive view on the legal understanding of human health. However, nowadays this legal definition of human health is considered too narrow and needs to be specified in two areas. Firstly, the legal definition of human health should include significant and already existing health principles for objective and comprehensive interpretation. Secondly, nowadays, a more detailed evaluation of the notion of health broadens its interpretation, revealing new aspects of the definition of human health.The research aim is to analyse the legal definition of human health and propose its more specific version in accordance with the modern legal system. The following main research methods of the legal science were used: analytical, systemic, teleological.


Hydroelastic waves propagating along a channel covered with ice of non-uniform thickness are considered. The channel has a rectangular cross section. The fluid in the channel is inviscid and incompressible. The ice is modeled as a thin elastic plate. The ice thickness changes linearly. The problem is reduced to the problem of the wave profile across the channel, which is solved using the normal modes of an elastic beam with non-uniform thickness. It is shown that with the decrease in the change in the ice thickness, the modes approach the normal modes of an elastic beam with a constant thickness. The behavior of the dispersion relations of the hydroelastic waves depending on the parameter describing the change in the ice thickness is studied.