In England, current concerns about the teaching and learning of mathematics (ACME 2002, 2006; Ofsted 2008; Smith 2004; Williams 2008) are addressed partly through continuing professional development (CPD) for teachers of mathematics (ACME 2002; Ofsted 2008). In 2006 the National Centre for Excellence in the Teaching of Mathematics was set up to provide strategic leadership for mathematicsspecific CPD; it commissioned this research project to provide evidence-based advice and recommendations. It is rare to find large-scale research concerning CPD for teachers of mathematics and it is common to find that research in this area is undertaken by people who could be seen as stake-holders in the CPD initiatives being studied (as discussed by Joubert and Sutherland 2008). The RECME project, however, was both large-scale and conducted by researchers who were not involved in the CPD initiatives. It investigated 30 different professional development initiatives for teachers of mathematics taking place in the academic year 2007 2008, collecting and analysing data about their structure and organisation, as well as the responses of participating teachers. This report concerns aspects of the study related to the characterisation of the professional development initiatives and teachers' responses to various characteristics, which we suggest provide one way of understanding the 'effectiveness' of professional development initiatives. The thirty initiatives in the sample fell into three types: courses; within-school initiatives; and networks in which groups of teachers from different schools or colleges met to provide mutual support. Some teachers took part in professional development to gain qualifications. However, most teachers in the courses and networks seemed to participate because they were invited, they wanted to take advantage of an opportunity, or they were encouraged to. The within-school initiatives were organised by the school, and all teachers of mathematics participated. Courses and some networks tended to introduce participants to new ideas and knowledge, frequently focusing on specific mathematical knowledge for teaching, but in some cases approaching improving mathematics teaching and learning more


In this paper, a novel peak power reduction scheme based on trellis shaping is proposed for single-carrier pulse- shaped phase shift keying (PSK) systems. The use of PSK generally results in relatively low signal dynamic range, but its peak-to-average power ratio tends to increase as the bandwidth of pulse shaping filter becomes narrower. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can generate signals with almost constant envelope, even with the existence of pulse- shaping filters operated with roll-off factors as low as 0.1.


five principles is state s philosophy that loed in constitution opening 1945, come from language sangsekerta or brahmin caste language that is pentameter and syila. pentameter syial with my vocal is short means stony hinge five, while pentameter syila with my vocal is has meaning five important behaviour rules. five principles formed as state s philosophy haves in kingdom time majapahit, that is coalitions and nation unitary constructive, the people alive tentram and ecumenical life has intertwined harmonious and side by side. proved in kitap negarakertagama master work prapanca that contain contents unity in diversity, tanhana dharma mangrwa that has meaning although differ but one also existence, because there not religion that has different god. from matter is called then appear thinking in formulate indonesia state s philosophy. indonesia state s philosophy formulation is done to pass siding bpupki that from date 29 mays 1945 to 1 june 1945. rule that regulate about five principles as country legal fundament source is regulated in censistence MPR no. iii/MPR/2000. so censistence MPRS no. xx/MPRS/1966 about five principles as source from all law source meningalkan and now replaced with five principles term as law source base appropriate national with censistence contents MPR no. iii/MPR/2000. but from history born it that five principles, now niali-nilai noble five principles begins to paled in indonesia citizen life.


Gülşen-i Vahdet was written by İbrahim Şâhidî of Muğla, also the writer of Tuhfe-i Şâhidî of the canon texts in Ottoman Poetry. The book, appreciated with great interest in its time, was annotated and arranged by many authors and was translated into Arabic and Greek languages. Gülşen-i Vahdet, a mystical mesnevîs consisting of 457 couplets, has a multilayered meaning structure. Pointing the elements related to face in its first layer of meaning, a seyr u sülûk allegory was structured. Accordingly, Zülf (hair), Hatt (beard), Hâl (beauty spot), Çeşm (eye), Ebrû (eyebrow) and Dehen (mouth) representing muvahhid (believing in the God's unity), each is trying to reach Rûy (face) representing the beloved one. During this quest, while discussing and examining each other, they achieve the unity by understanding that Rûy, just as in Mantıku't-Tayr, is not different from themselves. In this layer of meaning, while combining the elements on "face", which is one of the most basic concepts of classical Turkish literature, around a story of fiction for the first time, it demonstrates the authenticity of the work. In the second layer of meaning, the work can be taken as Rind-Zâhid conflict. It is stated that "Zülf" represents "Vâmık"; and "Rûy" represents Azrâ in Gülşen-i Vahdet, so the work reminds of love stories with two heroes. In addition to diagnosis and polysemy, Gülşen-i Vahdet fully bears the basics of allegorical works; all listed as internal conflicts, search, well-proportioned, intertextuality, spatiotemporal ambiguity, the author's explanation of the allegory, "he story of the formation of a single work and allegory to continue without interruption. Analyzing the allegorical structure of Gülşen-i Vahdet, this article aims to put forward the meaning world that the work gained in its different layers.


The purpose of this project was to help bridge the gap between developers and residents by creating a design criteria checklist for outdoor residential areas and to validate the checklist by means of a post-occupancy evaluation (POE) carried out by the residents in six housing areas. Items addressed in the checklist covered general layout, complexity and coherence, identity and affection, construction materials, greenery, climate, pollution and noise, ecological sustainability, meeting areas, privacy, security and traffic control, and maintenance. The reliability of the expert form amounted to r =. 71 and each expert showed significant positive correlations with the other experts. The agreement between experts was consistently higher for some areas than for others. Based on 406 individuals, a factor analysis was carried out for the POE data, which rendered the following factors: Attachment, Outdoor Enjoyment, Aesthetics, Sustainability, and Social Interaction. The assessments by experts and residents were compared in terms governed by the structure of the factor analysis. The validation showed that POE Attachment was predicted by the total score of the expert form and that specific clusters of expert items predicted Outdoor Enjoyment and Aesthetics. It was not possible by means of the expert form to predict Sustainability and Social Interaction. We suggest that this tool will be useful for design education, for designing new residential areas, and for the assessment of existing residential areas. Copyright (C) 2004, Locke Science Publishing Company, Inc. (Less)


In this paper, a novel architecture of a thermopile array imager for high speed target's position identification is presented. The sensor array fully integrated in CMOS standard technology, features pixel access and in a particular topology also position detection. According to the description given, with larger absorbing area of floating membrane and therefore less thermal conductance per pixel, is used for the quick estimation of the rough values for spot position and intensity. The winner-take-all (WTA) circuit is used in combination with readout circuit for determining which of the 16 times 16 pixels have received the largest amount of infrared radiation. It is a parallel structure of 16 times 16 cells connected to a common control line. The results obtained so far have shown that integrated thermopile array have reached a high level of development and reliability that are suited for high accuracy infrared tracking applications


An analyticaltheory oflow frequency electrom agnetic waves in m etallic photonic crystals with a sm allvolum e fraction ofa m etalis presented. The evidence for such waves has been obtained recently by experim ents and com putations. The cuto frequency of these waves, !0 is studied. An analyticalexpression for the perm ittivity is obtained and shown to be negative below !0. Ifthe crystalis em bedded into a m edium with a negative ,there are no propagating m odes at any frequency. Thus,such a com pound system is not a left handed m aterial(LHM ).The recent experim entalresultson the LHM are discussed. In hissem inalwork Veselago[1]hasshown thatifin som efrequency rangeboth theperm ittivity and perm eability are negative,the electrom agnetic waves (EM W 's) propagate but they have som e peculiar properties. Allthese propertiescom efrom thefactthatvectorsk,E,H form a lefthanded ratherthan a righthanded set.Itfollowsthat the Poynting vectorand the wave vectork have opposite directions. The m aterialswith these propertiesare called the lefthanded m aterials(LHM 's). The idea that a m etallic photonic crystal(M PC) m ay be a technologicalbase for the LHM [2,3]appears as a resultofthecom putationaland experim entalstudiesofa few groups[4{8]which havefound theEM W 'sin theM PC propagatingaboveavery low cuto frequency.TheM PC'sthey haveconsidered arethree-ortwo-dim ensionallattices ofthin straightm etallicwires.Theirdiscovery isvery interesting and im portantbecause the wavespropagateunder thecondition f = 0! 1,wheref isan averageconductivity,f being thevolum efraction ofa m etalin thesystem . Thispropagation m ustbedueto theM PC structure,becauseitwould beim possiblein a hom ogeneousm edium with the conductivity f . Variousgroupsobtained di erentcuto frequenciesand theyunderstood them di erently.Thegroup ofSoukoulis[6] qualitativelyinterpreted thee ectofpropagationin term sofwaveguidem odes,whilethegroup ofPendry[7]presented a com pletely originalphysicalpicture based upon a new longitudinalm ode,called \plasm a m ode". According to Pendry etal.[7]the resulting perm ittivity hasa plasm a-likebehavior


Although the incidence of mini-bus rollover accidents is not very high, the fatality rate in such accidents is very high. A multi-body dynamics model was developed to analyze mini-bus dynamics and sharp turn stability. The relationships between the steering wheel angle, lateral acceleration, and tire vertical force were obtained using the J-turn and fish-hook virtual tests. Analysis of the mini-bus rollover shows that the maximum lateral acceleration for which rollover will not occur is 1.0 g for these two simulation conditions. The influences of mini-bus structure, traffic conditions, and external conditions on the rollover tendency were also analyzed in single-factor experiments. The results show that the road adhesion coefficient is the most important parameter with the vehicle's center of gravity and other parameters also having some influence on the rollover tendency. These results can be used to improve mini-bus redesigns, improve risk prediction, and reduce the incidence of traffic accidents.


In this paper the algorithm enabling assessment of maximum time interval error (MTIE) for non-uniform sampling of time error is proposed. The reasons of non-uniform sampling are presented. Then the idea of MTIE computing for non-uniform sampled data is described. Next the details of the algorithm are presented and described.


The article presents the main forms of calculating laytime and legal conditions for their suspension, contractual provisions on demurrage or, in the absence of expre ss provisions in the charterparty for demurrage, co nditions for damages for detention to become payable.


It is not yet fully clarified how the blood salt concentration can reflect upon the salivary concentration. BEER and WILSON1) reported that the salt cencentration in saliva increased after intravenous injections of CaCl2 and Na2CO3. NISHIKAWA2) verified experimentally with dog's submaxillary gland that salivaryNa and Cl concentrations may vary according to changes in blood salt concentrations. On the other hand, DENTON3) verified that the salivary Na+/K+ ratio falls about 90 minutes after intravenous infusion of aldosterone into sodiumdepleted adrenal insufficient sheep. He further confirmed3) with Na depleted sheep that the secretion of aldosterone increased and that the salivary Na+/K+ ratio fell, while it rose after a certain delay period, when a hypertonic NaCl solution was injected into the systemic blood. He suggested that the infused Na did not act directly on the salivary gland, but indirectly through changing the secretion of aldosterone. From these results, he used Na+/K+ ratio in parotid saliva of sheep as a criterion of the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal gland3). From the theoretical point of view, however, it seems reasonable to presume that the change in salt concentration in serum can directly influence upon that in saliva, since the salt in saliva mostly originates from that in tissue fluid and consequently from serum salt. Thus, many problems remain to be settled concerning the mechanism of reflection of blood salt concentration upon saliva. The aim of the present study is to clarify this mechanism by perfusing the salivary gland with blood of various salt concentrations. The experiments were divided into two series. The first series of experiments were performed to study the effects of varying blood osmotic pressures upon the salivary composition, while the second series were to investigate the effects of mineral corticoid upon salivary salt composition.


In this inter view, Ferrajoli explains the positivization of constitutionalism and its relationship to the concept of morality and the role of contemporary democracies. He also discusses the issue of freedom of information relating to property rights, to economic initiative and freedom of expression. Finally, the author refers to the insufficiency of the proportionality test as a tool to resolve conflicts between fundamental rights with constitutional recognition.


We briefly describe our relativistic quark-diquark model, developed within the framework of point form dynamics, which is the relativistic extension of the interacting quark-diquark model. In order to do that we have to show the main properties and quantum numbers of the effective degree of freedom of constituent diquark. Our results for the nonstrange baryon spectrum and for the nucleon electromagnetic form factors are discussed.


Abstract Since the effect of the irregularity in height of medium and tall structures has a great influence on lateral behavior of structures and it also affects the design of the sections, in this study, various scenarios of sudden column removal in different locations of steel structures with and without geometric irregularities in height have been investigated. The Alternate load Path Method (APM), Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis (NDA), and OpenSees software were used to investigate 10, 15 and 20-story buildings with three types of irregularity in four different column removal scenarios. The results show that increasing the irregularity in height increases the response of the structure. Also, the response of the structure to the sudden removal of columns in short buildings is greater than high-rise buildings. In other words, as the floors and elements in the buildings decreases, the potential for the progressive failure, increases.


When Willem Heda concluded his Latin history of the Utrecht bishops on 1 May 1521 with a dedicatory epistle to the Utrecht Cathedral Chapter, he probably could not have expected it would take almost a century before the work was actually printed. That he assumed his history would soon be on the press is apparent from a sentence in the dedication itself: '. . . iussistis ut . . . etiam gesta ac vitas sanctorum, . . . ea in lucem proferentes publicis impensis novis formis excudenda traderemus, . . . [You, canons of the cathedral, commissioned us . . . to publish also the history and lives of the saints (the bishops of Utrecht) and present it to be printed at your expense (at the expense of public funds), "novis formis": in the new letters (type faces)]'.


This study describes how people with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) exchange information in small chatroom groups. Each of the ten participants with moderate-severe TBI and twelve control participants conversed with two unknown communication partners in a moderated chatroom on two occasions. Rates of information exchange were measured. Statistically significant differences were found in the: (1) frequency of information requests made by TBI participants and (2) frequency of information giving and negotiation/repair by communication partners of TBI participants (both reduced in the TBI group). Further research is required to validate results and explore the impact of alternate chatroom compositions.


This letter presents a novel concept of beam-steerable transponder based on antenna array and phased modulators. The steerability of the beam is achieved by optimally delaying the modulated reflected signal at each antenna element (i.e., changing the phase in frequency domain) with load modulation technique. In this manner, the reflected backscattered signal power can be maximized at one particular direction. The approach makes transponder to collect ambient waves from any direction and further modulate and redirect it to any other direction. The results obtained through experimentation proves the feasibility of omnidirectional transponder and pave way for future lower power smart devices. The transponder functions in the Wi-Fi frequency band of 2.4 GHz.


Between 18 January and 28 February 1991, Iraq fired 39 Scud missiles at Israeli cities in 19 separate attacks. They caused extensive property damage but fewer casualties than anticipated. Statistical evidence of serious psychiatric reactions to the war experience both immediately and after a delay of several months is sought, based on official Ministry of Health morbidity records for psychiatric facilities over the thee‐year period, 1990‐1992. Psychiatric admissions data produced no statistical support for the thesis that the Gulf War and missile attacks caused extensive long‐term stress.


A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to January 2015 in Chewaka settlement area southwestern Ethiopia with the aim to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and to assess apparent densities of vectors. Buffy coat technique was used for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis while baited mono pyramidal traps were used for the vector survey. A total of 566 cattle were randomly selected from the study population and examined for the parasitological study. Among trypanosome species identified Trypanosoma congolense (64%) was the predominant species followed by T. vivax (28%) and T. brucei (8%). Significantly higher trypanosome prevalence (14.8%) was observed in animals with poor condition than that of those with medium (2.23%) and good (5.05%) body condition. Higher infection rate was recorded in male (5.06%) than female (3.48%) cattle. Statistically significant difference (P 0.05) was observed with the mean PCV values between aparasitaemic (25.26%±4.73) and parasitaemic animals (19.24%±5.84). Among 1919 flies collected, the highest fly density recorded was Glossina species (14.43 fly/trap/day) and followed by Stomoxys (2.47 flies/trap/day) and Tabanus (0.23 fly/trap/day). Two species of tsetse fly: G. tachnoides (13.75 flies/trap/day) and G. morsitans submorsitans (0.68 flies/trap/day) were identified from the study area. In conclusion trypanosomosis and tsetse control methods should be expanded to reach all infested areas in sustainable manner besides participatory extension packages to create public awareness.


This dissertation is devoted to the study of the variability of creativity evaluations, by focusing ontraining non-experts judges to enhance their expertise. In the theoretical part, various issues related tocreativity, judgment and variability are explored and provide hypotheses for the empirical part. Thefirst series of studies allows justifying the relevance of the application of a simplified model of creativityjudgment inspired by Besemer & O'Quin (1999) to the evaluation by non-experts judges of graphicproducts made by children. The rest of the empirical studies are devoted to the investigation of theeffect of the training on 1) the stability and 2) the expertise of creativity evaluations. The model ofcreative judgments provides the mechanism explaining the effect of the training on the stability andthe expertise of creativity evaluations, by emphasizing the mediating role of stability and expertise ofrelevant predictors evaluation (originality and elaboration) and of the integration function, by which thejudge combines predictors to make a creativity judgment. A final study allows studying the long-termeffect of the training. These results are discussed and future research and applications are suggested.


A "hot-spot" structural health monitoring (SHM) approach that uses lead zirconate titanate (PZT) sensor pairs to generate and sense Lamb waves is evaluated on a test article that accurately represents the complex geometry of a relatively inaccessible bulkhead section of an existing aircraft. This work is motivated by the fact that fatigue cracks have been known to propagate in this particular bulkhead in several aircraft. In order to simulate damage, electrical discharge machine (EDM) cuts are made to simulate real cracks in a test article. Because the damage occurs in a region of restricted geometry, PZT sensors must be placed in close proximity to each other, but on opposing sides of the expected crack. The close proximity of the piezoelectric sensors and restricted geometry create challenges in determining which portion of the collected response should be analyzed. The first approach evaluated is a tuning approach where specific excitation frequencies are chosen based on the relative S0 and A0 Lamb wave mode amplitudes. Theoretical time of arrival window lengths for the S0 and A0 Lamb wave modes are reduced in size to minimize the contribution of reflected wave energy. The second approach involves evaluating responses over a wide range of excitation frequencies in combination with only evaluating the responses in the dominant mode's theoretical time of arrival window. A simple damage metric is applied to demonstrate that the presence of cracks can be detected as well as the length can be roughly approximated. This approach is further validated with laser vibrometery scans of the test article in both healthy and damaged states.


Non-negative intensity (NNI) is a quantity which avoids near-field cancellation effects in sound intensity and provides direct visualization of the surface contributions to the radiated sound power. Hence, minimizing the integration of Non-negative intensity on predefined surfaces is implemented to be the design objective of topology optimization for the constrained-layer damping design on plates in this work. Non-negative intensity can be easily computed based on the radiation modes and the particle velocity on the surfaces of interest. Regarding the radiation modes, an eigenvalue analysis for the acoustic impedance matrix is required. After evaluating the objective function, the gradients of the objective function are computed using an adjoint variable method (AVM). These gradients enable the optimization to be solved by the method of moving asymptotes (MMA). Finally, some numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed optimization approach. Numerical results show that the corner radiation properties of the plate can be suppressed by the optimization, minimizing the integration of Non-negative intensity.


Microorganisms form the basis of ocean ecosystems yet the effects of perturbations such as decreasing pH on microbial community structure, interactions and functionality remain compared to multicellular organisms. Using an experimental manipulation of Southern Ocean seawater, we subjected bacterioplankton and mycoplankton to artificial pH decreases, which are predicted to occur in the future. We show that acidification led to substantial increases of bacterioplankton diversity, while in contrast it had no effect on mycoplankton diversity. Our analyses revealed a loss of putative keystone taxa and a decrease in predicted community interactions as a response to lower pH levels. Bacterioplankton shifted from generalist to specialist community members, suggesting a specific stress response to unfavourable conditions. In addition, enzyme activities involved in nitrogen acquisition were lower at reduced pH levels, suggesting altered organic matter cycling in a more acidic ocean. Our findings suggest that bacterioplankton and mycoplankton may respond differentially to future ocean acidification, with potentially negative impacts on community structure and biogeochemical cycling in the Southern Ocean. IMPORTANCE Oceans absorb the majority of anthropogenically produced CO2, the consequence of which is ocean acidification, a phenomenon already negatively impacting key marine organisms. Marine microbial communities form the basis of ocean food webs by generating nutrients for higher trophic levels, yet the response of these key microbial drivers to acidification remains unclear. This knowledge deficit is particularly true for understudied marine ecosystems such as the Southern Ocean. Using a mesocosm approach, we found that acidification severely impacts microbial community stability, by altering bacterioplankton community structure, reducing network complexity, and augmenting enzyme activities associated with nitrogen acquisition. This study adds to our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on microbial communities, particularly within an environment expected to be largely effected by future anthropogenically driven climate change.


Background: Several epidemiological studies have found that in type II diabetic patients, Metformin improves vascular function and reduces cardiovascular events and mortality by mechanisms that are not entirely attributed to its anti- hyperglycemic effects; So far the effect of Metformin on experimentally induced myocardial infarction in setting of type II diabetic rats has not been studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate potential cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of Metformin subsequent to isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in the setting of diabetes. Methods: Diabetes was induced with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ): 45mg/kg ip and myocardial infarction was produced by administering isoproterenol (ISP): (85mg/kg, sc) to rats 24 and 48 h prior to sacrification (5th week). After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (Glucose>200mg/dl), Metformin (100 mg/kg) was administered and various parameters like anti-diabetic (Glucose, HbA1c), cardioprotective (CPK-MB, hs-CRP), metabolic (lipid profile, artherogenic potential), antioxidant (MDA) safety {pancreatic function (lipase), liver function (SGPT), kidney function (Creatinine) and histopathological indices of injury were evaluated in experimental groups. Results: Administration of STZ-ISP resulted in a significant decrease in body weight (p<0.001), diabetic changes (increase in blood glucose, HbA1c), cardiac injury (leakage of myocardial CPK-MB), altered lipid profile, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipase, SGPT, creatinine levels (p<0.01) in the Diabetic- ISP Control group rats as compared to Normal Control. Metformin (100 mg/kg) treatment demonstrated significant antidiabetic as well as myocardial salvaging effects as indicated by restoration of blood glucose, HbA1c and CPK-MB levels (p<0.001) compared to Diabetic- ISP Control group. In addition, Metformin favorably modulated the lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL), artherogenic index; antioxidant (MDA) potential, Subsequent to ISP challenge, histopathological assessment of heart, pancreas and biochemical indices of injury confirmed the cardioprotective effects of Metformin (100 mg/kg) in setting of diabetes. Conclusions: The present study concluded that Metformin at 100 mg/kg demonstrated myocardial salvaging effects in type II diabetic rats challenged with experimental Myocardial infarction. The antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects of Metformin may contribute to its beneficial effects.


Fish Tor is one of potential fish commodities to be developed because of their economic value. This on experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of male and female parent on morphological characters i.e length and weight growth and the value of heterosis from crosses of Tor soro and Tor douronensis. Crosses were performed in both directions (reciprocal) to form four populations. Observations lenght, weight gain, specific growth in length, specific growth in weight and value of heterosis were carried out for two months (January-March, 2014). The results showed an increase of  length, weight, specific growth in weight, specific growth in length occurred in seed produced from parent male of T. soro and female of T. douronensis with values of 0.54 cm, 0.09 g, 0.65 % and 3.79 %, rescpectively. Crossed of ? T. douronensis x ? T. soro yield heterosis value (partial) of length (40.90%) and weight (116.66%) was higher than crossed of ? T. soro x ? T. douronensis  that only have heterosis value of 0 and 33.33 %, and heterosis value (reciprocal) on the length of 20.45 % and the weight of 45.22 %.


The study investigated the relationships between epilepsy and employment. A comprehensive and critical literature review is presented, leading to the development of a biopsychosocial framework of medical, psychosocial and occupational factors. Relationships suggested by the literature were empirically tested in three samples of employed people with epilepsy in two major UK organisations. Methods included postal questionnaires, interviews and document analysis. Empirical evidence showed two types of outcome: employment problems and career problems. These outcomes were related to different aspects of the framework. Employment problems related to seizure control aspects and psychosocial factors outside work and career problems related to characteristics of the epilepsy itself and psychosocial factors inside work. A biopsychosocial model of epilepsy in the work-place was developed from the empirical work which identifies points of intervention and is discussed in relation to the law of requisite variety (Ashby, 1964). Conclusions and future research are identified in the area of management practice. Important aspects of this study are the development of a biopsychosocial model and the conceptualisation of epilepsy as a management resource issue.


Administration in accordance with the law is the key to administering a country in accordance with the law ,while the construction of administrative law enforcement ,as the core of administration in accordance with the law, in judicial practice there are problems yet to be settled ,such as the imperfection of administrative organization,the incomplete regulations of administrative law enforcement,the fact that there're some people who are not qualified to enforce the law,the weak supervision of law enforcement.Therefore,it is required to perfect the regulations of administrative law enforcement,to qualify the people who are enforcing the law ,to strengthen the rule-by-law concept,to improve the efficiency of administrative law enforcement and to enhance the supervision of law enforcement.


The energy scenario in India is driven by coal, oil & gas, hydroelectric, nuclear and renewable resources. Coal is the most important & abundant fossil fuel in India and accounts for 51% of India's energy need. 45% of energy requirements are met by petroleum products, 2% by hydroelectric and the remainder by nuclear and other resources. The energy requirements in India are expected to grow at 5-6 percent per annum over the coming years to sustain the GDP growth of around 8%. To meet the challenges of India's energy outlook, R&D initiatives for exploitation of alternate source of fuels (oil shale, gas hydrate and coal-bed methane) and carbon capture & storage have been started. India is the third largest producer of coal and the present estimates of coal reserves have reached 247.85 billion tons. Coal resource of India mostly occur in sedimentary rocks of Gondwana formations of peninsular India and Tertiary formations of Northeast India with Gondwana coal accounting for 99% of total reserves. Oil shale is one of the unconventional alternate resources of energy that has emerged as a possible means to supplement declining conventional hydrocarbon production. These are fine grained sedimentary rocks containing relatively large amount of organic matter from which significant quantities of shale oil and combustible gas can be extracted. Studies have shown that similar rocks with most of their oil generating potential still preserved occur in Northeast India interbedded with Tertiary coal. The oil shale formations crop out on the surface mostly in the region called the belt of Schuppen. The estimated in-place oil reserve of this carbonaceous shale is greater than 15 billion tons. The oil from carbonaceous shale is produced by retorting, an energy intensive process in which the rock is heated to 450-550°C in the absence of oxygen. However, oil shale deposits usually contain carbonate minerals and due to pyrolysis of kerogen and the decomposition of carbonate, shale may evolve significant amount of CO2 during oil production. This could be a serious defect from the view point of global warming. Deep coal seams that are not commercially viable for coal production could be used for permanent underground storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). An added benefit of storing CO2 in this way is that additional useful methane will be displaced from the coal beds. CO2 released from oil shale could also be used for Enhanced Oil Recovery in depleted oil fields of Northeast India.


A heating process with self-resistance was introduced in the rapid heating system for metal materials during the test of thermo-mechanical simulation. A formula was given first to estimate heating rate. To eliminate the errors of temperature measurement which was affected by an electromagnetic field induced from the high current, a special attention was paid to temperature measurement that they were done through an intermittent power-off procedure at intervals of 10?ms and utilizing synchronous voltages to collect testing data in triggering form. A criterion was proposed in case a measured point deviates from the power-off zone, with a triggering time reset. The application of intelligent control to rapid heating system is briefly described. The experiment results indicated that the rapid heating system is accurate in temperature measurement, and available to high-precision control.


Advanced education is aided with new technology, computers, projectors, internet, and many more. Diverse knowledge is being spread among the people. By integrating computers, software's, technology behind audience, assistant devices and audio-visual facilities, the smart classrooms are now heightened. The traditional teaching-learning approach using lecture and notes writing actually bring down the success in modern day education. The main objective of this project is to propose a system that is capable of providing a smart classroom along with automation of a classroom interconnected to achieve automation at higher level in education. The main goal of this project is to provide an efficient learning environment. The model of the smart classroom has been integrated by connecting Raspberry pi with LCD display and the smartphone that is controlled via the internet. This model will bring the automation in the attendance, to display circulars on notice board, online suggestion box and taking of lecture notes in order to manage the time and to make the classroom smart in real time.


A computer‐controlled measuring system (CCMS) of the dielectric constant (e) in the gas phase as a function of pressure (P) and temperature (T) is described. The automated experimental setup is capable of performing the necessary measurements for the determination of the first three dielectric virial coefficients. Combining the value of e with these dielectric virial coefficients, it is possible to calculate the density and, hence, the compressibility factor of the gas. The CCMS is as accurate as the best methods for the determination of ρ and has the ability to produce numerous experimental data in a short period of time.


In the early decades of the twentieth century, comparative literature in Korea was preoccupied with literary and cultural encounters between Korea and three major cultural sites: China, Japan, and India. As is wellknown, Indian religious culture has had enormous influence on Korean culture and literature since Buddhism entered China. For instance Buddhist fables were quickly appropriated and transformed into some of the most famous Korean classic narratives in fiction. Later, Buddhist thought constituted an important source of inspiration for Shilla poetry, Hyang-Ga, manifested often in the poet's epiphanic understanding of the essence of nature, life, social customs, and religious practice in seemingly detached descriptions of landscapes or natural objects. Dong-ri, Kim fused Zen Buddhist understanding with natural surroundings in Wonwangsangga, in such an empathetic mode that the persona and the natural other become a totality. My purpose is to consider the intellectual and historical conditions under which comparative literature has obtained such remarkable popularity and prominence in Korean scholarship and to show that the development and currency of comparative literature is closely related to the formation of Korea's literary modernity.


Reasons of multiple breaches of the law by operating police officers during public observation of buildings and rooms are investigated in the article. The performed analysis of court practice materials and legal norms, which mediate the public operating observation, have permitted to draw a conclusion about a normative and methodological nature of the problem of law securing. Defects of the normative regulation are determined by crudity on the level of the operational and search activity theory, as well as of matter and content of the public operational and search activity.


[Tang et al. (2003, 2004) recently proposed a "neotype" for the commercially important Taiwanese mitten crab, Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, making it a senior synonym of E. formosa Chan, Hung & Yu, 1995. They also argued that the species was not a Taiwanese endemic on the basis of their discovery of a single specimen from southern China. This action is unnecessary as a neotype had already been validly designated for Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, by Chan et al. (1995), which makes this name a junior synonym of E. japonica (De Haan, 1835). In addition, we provide arguments and evidence to show that their proposed synonymy of E. recta and E. formosa is unjustified; and that their specimen had probably been mislabelled. Tang et al. (2003, 2004) ont recemment propose un « neotype » pour le crabe de Taiwan, important commercialement, Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, en en faisant un synonyme plus ancien de E. formosa Chan, Hung & Yu, 1995. Ils ont egalement argumente sur le fait que l'espece n'etait pas une espece endemique de Taiwan, sur la base de leur decouverte d'un specimen unique du sud de la Chine. Cette proposition n'etait pas necessaire puisqu'un neotype avait deja ete designe pour Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, par Chan et al. (1995), qui font de ce nom un synonyme plus recent de E. japonica (De Haan, 1835). De plus, nous fournissons des arguments et montrons que leur synonymie proposee de E. recta et E. formosa n'est pas justifiee; et que leur specimen avait probablement ete mal etiquete., Tang et al. (2003, 2004) recently proposed a "neotype" for the commercially important Taiwanese mitten crab, Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, making it a senior synonym of E. formosa Chan, Hung & Yu, 1995. They also argued that the species was not a Taiwanese endemic on the basis of their discovery of a single specimen from southern China. This action is unnecessary as a neotype had already been validly designated for Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, by Chan et al. (1995), which makes this name a junior synonym of E. japonica (De Haan, 1835). In addition, we provide arguments and evidence to show that their proposed synonymy of E. recta and E. formosa is unjustified; and that their specimen had probably been mislabelled. Tang et al. (2003, 2004) ont recemment propose un « neotype » pour le crabe de Taiwan, important commercialement, Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, en en faisant un synonyme plus ancien de E. formosa Chan, Hung & Yu, 1995. Ils ont egalement argumente sur le fait que l'espece n'etait pas une espece endemique de Taiwan, sur la base de leur decouverte d'un specimen unique du sud de la Chine. Cette proposition n'etait pas necessaire puisqu'un neotype avait deja ete designe pour Eriocheir recta Stimpson, 1858, par Chan et al. (1995), qui font de ce nom un synonyme plus recent de E. japonica (De Haan, 1835). De plus, nous fournissons des arguments et montrons que leur synonymie proposee de E. recta et E. formosa n'est pas justifiee; et que leur specimen avait probablement ete mal etiquete.]


This paper discusses the most efficient mask re-qualification inspection mode for production memory reticles in an advanced memory fab. Progressive and haze defects continue to be the primary cause of mask degradation and mask re-clean mainly due to intensified density of photon energy involved with ArF exposure. Direct reticle inspection has been widely implemented in wafer fabs to provide early warning of haze defects before they reach critical levels. However, reticle inspection systems are increasingly challenged by aggressive optical proximity correction (OPC), subresolution assist feature (SRAF) and high requirement to detect printable defects. As we know Die-to-Die (D2D) mode has good sensitivity on main pattern but can't cover scribe line area. In this paper, we studied the integration inspection mode which combines Die-to-Die (D2D) on main pattern area and Stralight2+ on scribes and frames area. The detection capability of StarLight2+ and D2D on DRAM masks was evaluated and results shows that aggressive patterns (OPC, SRAF) are resolved well and provide early warning for crystal growth type defect on mask. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate both StarLight2+ and D2D capability to support memory wafer mask qualification requirements.


Henrik Ibsen(1828-1!XX3), the writer of Doli's House(Et Dukkehjem), exerted powerful influence on disseminating modern ideas and public morals through his works in Far-east Asia including Korea, Japan and China.
In Korea, regardless of political inclinations, Ibsen's works which began to be introduced early 1920s were broadly known to new-intellectuals and appeared on the stage.
With this setting Chae Man-sik(1902~1950) writes a novel called After the Doll's House, which is an echo of Ibsen's Doll's House. Accordingly we can't read After the Doll's House as it is without comparing with Doll's House.
After the Doll's House shows the life-course of a woman who got out of 'happy home', or house, husband and children. Nora, the heroin of After the Doll's House, is a symbol of a movement for the emancipation of women.
It is no wonder that Nora has many sufferings. Particularly economic insecurity and emotional instability afflict her. If not a woman there is little need for her to have such sufferings.
By way of a private instructor, a peddler and a waitress, Nora becomes a 'laborer', Her employer is Hyeon Seok-jun, that is, her husband. Now new 'battle line' is built up: from the relationship of wife-husband to that of laborer-employer.
In the long run, with After the Doll's House Chae Man-sik wanted to show that the freedom and right of women are acquired only by strife. In other words he knew well that the emancipation of women has no meaning without obtaining economic right. Just here is the significance of After the Doll's House in korean modem literature.


In this article the author discloses the features of gender identity of adolescents with deviant behavior, and discovers the forms of aggressive and hostile reactions of asocial adolescents with different types of genderl identity.


This note examines pattern-recognition and track reconstruction issues for the scintillator tracking system of the UT Maya Muon detector [1]. The basic geometry and performance characteristics of the tracking system are described in [2]. As described in the references, the scintillator strips are assumed to form helices of a fixed pitch-angle θs on their respective tracking layers. The tracking layers are right-circular cylinders with approximately the same radius R (differing by the thickness of the scintillator strips and adhesive) and are taken to have the same length L projected along the common axis of the three layers. The detector was designed with the inner layer having a helical pitch of -30 degrees, the middle layer with zero pitch and the outer layer with a pitch of +30 degrees. The detector, as built, has slightly different helical pitch angles on the inner and outer layers. Because of this and the differing radii of the tracking layers, it becomes easier to describe the geometry of the stereo strips by an overall "wrap angle" Ωs = tan θs L/R, which represents the change in azimuth of a strip as one goes from the bottom of the detector to the top. In this representation, the equation describing the helix associated with each scintillator strip has the form:


We propose a scheme that utilizes the collective enhancement of a photonic mode inside an atomic ensemble together with a proper Zeeman manifold in order to achieve a heralded polarization entangled Bell state. The entanglement is between two photons that are separated in time and can be used as a post selected deterministic source for applications such as quantum repeaters where a subsequent entanglement swapping measurement is employed. We present a detailed analysis of the practical limitation of the scheme.


The structures of cinncassiol D1 (1), cinncassiol D1 glucoside (2), cinncassiol D2 (3), cinncassiol D2 glucoside (4) and cinncassiol D3 (5), isolated from the fraction exhibiting anti-complement activity of the water extractive of Cinnamomi Cortex ("Toko Keihi"), have been characterized by means of chemical, spectral and X-ray analyses. They are novel pentacyclic diterpenes with a new skeleton.


Nitrogen has been widely applied to oil production, well completion and well workover in foreign countries'. Till 1980's, nitrogen began to be applied to oil production in China, but no nitrogen generating and injecting unit applicable to oilfield. According to this situation, we developed the NPU-600 nitrogen generating and injecting unit with Tianjin MESSER gas systems. This paper introduces the composition, feature and application of this unit.


A large proportion of cheese makers in many countries is made up of small enterprises that use less than 25,000 litres of milk per day. Currently, whey, a by-product of cheese making, goes mostly to waste as a highly contaminating effluent or to animal feed because small manufacturers do not have the capacity to preserve it to consistent quality levels. The optimisation model we present aims at achieving better whey utilisation by selecting a processing site from a cluster of cheese makers, suggesting transportation routes, and selecting among a number of technological alternatives for developing products from underutilised whey. The backbone of the model is a network design/facility location problem, with additional constraints that enable optimal technology selection for whey processing at the selected sites. We present preliminary results for a cluster of Victorian cheese makers to prove the feasibility of the approach. The model will economically assess the feasibility of developing distribution chains of underutilised whey in selected country regions.


Hotel service quality decides the fate of the hotel,not only depend on the hardware facilities,also need a series of perfect software services,at the same time according to the needs and expectations of customers to provide personalized service.The paper takes Shangri-La Guangzhou Hotel as an example,using gap analysis model and value curve evaluation model to analyze the quality of service,in contrast to the problem existing in the development of the hotel service quality,put forward advice about how to improve the quality of hotel service.


Color developmental condition in LDH isoenzyme assay using agarose gel film as medium was investigated fundamentally. Optimum conditions for this assay were pH8.6, DL-litium lactate concentration 120∼150mM/l, NAD concentration 4∼5mM/l and tricine concentration 0.1M/l. These conditions were found to be identical for those of Pol-E film method. However, optimum concentrations of diaphorase enzyme used as an intermediate electron carrier was 7, 500U/l and that of NTB was 0.5mM/l. Furthermore, the color developmental reaction in agarose gel film was a linear at least in 60 minutes. After these improvements, an assay condition with better color developmental sensibility and quantitability was obtained in comparison with Pol-E film method.


There exist the complexity of sea surface and the limitation of theoretical model of electromagnetic scattering,and nonlinear phenomena in the retrieval of sea surface wind speed,which is based on synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images.With the method of genetic neural network and Fletcher-Reeves,this paper established a new model of retrieving wind speed based on operational data of CMOD4 model function.The result shows that this model is available in retrieving ocean surface wind.When random error is less than 10%,this model has high denoising ability and the accuracy of the retrieved ocean surface wind speed is ideal.Comparing the results of different wind speed,shows that in the case of low or middle wind,the fitness of learning model and the accuracy of predicted tests have both ideal accuracy,and that in the case of strong wind,the inversion result of this model is comparatively poor.


At present, mainstream traffic information acquisition methods cannot directly get the vehicle speed and traffic density, but VANET-based broadcast mode can be very good to meet this requirement. This paper studies the traffic information distribution to collect traffic information based on VANET. In order to reduce the redundant information of the broadcast and restrict broadcast storms, this paper puts forward the traffic information distribution method based on the priority broadcast. In this method, traffic information distribution is limited to specific section.


Although indicators are commonly used to measure/assess urban quality of life (QOL), there is no consensus in the literature on the core indicators of urban QOL. This paper aims to identify a set of key indicators that will be used to assess/measure urban QOL in the Saudi Arabia (SA) context. For this purpose, a three-round online Delphi procedure is used. A group of 92 local experts were asked to rate the importance of a set of pre-defined indicators in assessing/measuring urban QOL. The results reveal that the panel of experts reached consensus and agreed on the high importance of 53 indicators for assessing/measuring urban QOL. These indicators provide appropriate coverage of the three core dimensions of urban QOL: environmental, social and economic. However, the results also show that the social indicators are perceived as more essential than economic and environmental indicators. This finding has practical implications for designing and developing QOL assessment tools to better capture and measure urban QOL in the SA context. Furthermore, research findings also identified some methodological limitations associated with using the Delphi approach, which need to be addressed to ensure the development of comprehensive QOL assessment tools.


The goal of this paper is to study the subspace of stability condition $\Sigma_{\mathcal{E}}\subset \mathrm{Stab}(X)$ associated to an exceptional collection $\mathcal{E}$ on a projective variety $X$. Following Emanuele Macr\`{i}'s approach, we show a certain correspondence between the homotopy class of continuous loops in $\Sigma_{\mathcal{E}}$ and words of the braid group. In particular, we prove that in the case $X=\mathbb{P}^3$ and $\mathcal{E}=\{\mathcal{O},\mathcal{O}(1),\mathcal{O}(2),\mathcal{O}(3)\}$, the space $\Sigma_{\mathcal{E}}$ is a connected and simply connected 4-dimensional manifold.


It is through the analysis of the managing process of our school's optional courses the design plan of selecting-courses-on-net system based on web is proposed, which introduces the function and corresponding technical realization briefly, expounds how to develop selecting course system based on active web by using the method of combining ASP with date-base technology emphatically. And some improving schemes are put forward on the basis of the pilot operation.


The pure oxides (yttria, zirconia, titania, alumina, etc.) pastes ceramics production by concentrate suspensions is interesting because differently than plastic ceramics (clays), where these behaviours are often empirical available, the rheological suspensions behaviour are extensively studied. Thus, controlling the concentrate slips rheological parameters, is possible extend these analysis for better understand and control the plastic pastes production, providing subsidies to obtain after shaping process, such as extrusion and calendering, suitable products for the desired application. Thus, alumina suspensions rheological behaviour, with high solids loading (> 50 vol.%) adequately stabilized, slip cast shaped are available in this work. High solids loading suspensions, up to 60 vol.%, presents adequate flow for thickeners/plasticizers elements adds to produce ceramic plastic pastes.


ABSTRACT THE objective of this laboratory study was to identify a droplet size range for maximum spray deposition efficiency on citrus leaves. Using a vibrating orifice droplet generator, a wind tunnel and two spray fluids, different sizes of uniform droplets were generated and sprayed towards pairs of targets. The targets, comprising a filter paper and one of four types of leaf surfaces, were held at three distances from the wind tunnel exhaust and were moved at three speeds across the stream of droplets. For each target condition, spraying was replicated 6 times. Assuming that filter paper targets retained 100% of the impacted droplets, percentage of droplets (by weight) retained by leaf targets was used as deposition efficiency criterion. Considering all target conditions, droplet size range of 240 to 340 /itm gave the highest deposition efficiency.


It is very much from this contemporary perspective that Dr Gauld approaches the history of hypnosis. Although he provides a clear and cogent survey of its chequered fortunes across the whole of the Westem world, his main interest is in the types of techniques that have been employed in the past for inducing hypnotic states, the kinds of manifestations produced and their applications, and the various theories expounded in explanation. Except for the period from the first world war to the 1950s, which is given short shrift, Gauld trawls virtually all publications on the subject, the titles of which fill 80 pages of bibliography. Few practices and practitioners are overlooked, and, commendably, attention is paid to the experiences of patients. It is thus with authority and precision that Gauld is able to document the history of hypnotic theories and practices, and to correct the historical record at several points. The impression, for example, that the hypnotic movement simply disintegrated after its heyday between the mid-1880s and the tum of the century is shown to be mistaken. More crucial from Gauld's perspective is the case he makes for previous generations of hypnotists not simply defining the phenomenon circularly as a state characterised by enhanced responsiveness to suggestion. Previous practitioners had understandings which were sometimes similar to those oftoday's researchers. Gauld's approach is not without its pitfalls, however. It often leads him into anachronistic use of language and into inappropriate ahistorical evaluations of past "researchers." More worrying is the presupposition inherent in such a chronicle: that there actually is a connected continuous "history" to the melange of ideas and practices now categorised as hypnotic. It does not occur to Gauld that the widely different social contexts for the production of texts on mesmerism and hypnosis may constitute quite different histories, rather than different unfoldings of the same one. "A history" of hypnosis may be a delusion fabricated and sustained precisely by the act of focusing chronologically on texts and seeking connections between them. Gauld's history is thus bound to appeal more to those narrowly interested in past theories and practices of hypnotism than to those seeking fuller historical understanding of the construction of such theories and practices. Even so, few are likely to be completely mesmerised by a volume weighing in at around a half a million words. It is primarily as a useful reference tool that this book will deservedly find a place.-ROGER COOTER, senior research officer, Welkcome Unit for the History ofMedicine, University ofManchester


Evaluate the impact of aspiration thrombectomy (AT) during primary coronary intervention (PCI) for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on clinical outcomes.


Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) induced by exercise is considered to be a physiologic adaptive mechanism without fibrogenic hyperactivity, as occurs in pathologic hypertrophy.


INTRODUCTION: We previously reported the clinical outcomes of a large pediatric cohort with discrete subaortic stenosis (SubAS) 1. While patients with more significant left ventricular outflow trac...


As a medium of visualization, the film has provided a vivid visual record, using its unique strengths in restoring reality and historical reenactment as an important means of documenting how human society has explored, perceived, and understood gender identity and emotional desire over the centuries. Queer films, as a branch of cinematic development, have their unique artistic appeal and logic of thinking in terms of gender awareness exploration and erotic expression. In this article, I will focus on the development of queer in Asia, especially in China and Hong Kong. Comparing the different attitudes towards LGBT in western countries and Asia. The analysis is done through the perspective of some queer in the representative movie "Farewell My Concubine".


— Neural networks are frequently used as a classifier for tasks in many classifications. However there are disadvantages in terms of amount of training data required, and length of training time. This paper, develop an intelligent diagnosis system for zinc oxide (ZnO) surge arrester fault classification. First the features were extracted from 600 ZnO surge arrester thermal images and leakage currents. Then these features were presented to several neural network architectures to investigate the most suitable network model for classifying the ZnO surge arrester fault condition effectively. Three classification models were used namely feed forward back propagation (FFBP), radial basis function (RBF) and learning vector quantization (LVQ) algorithm. The performance of the networks was compared based on resulted of misclassify and correct rate. The method was evaluated using 24 testing datasets. Comparison results showed that LVQ was the best training algorithm for the ZnO surge arrester fault classification compared to the others system. Also the LVQ is faster than FFBP and RBF.


The invention discloses a method for producing a hot-rolled ferrite stainless strip steel, which comprises the following steps: 1) the chemical components by weight percentage are: 0.025-0.04 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, 0.25-0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.035 of P, 12-12.5 percent of Cr and the rest is Fe; 2) a billet is formed by smelting and casting; 3) heating: the heating temperature zone for heating are divided into a heat recovery section, a preheating section, a I heating section, a II heating section and a holding section; furnace gas is controlled to be neutral atmosphere of non-oxidizing atmosphere; 4) when in heat rolling and rough rolling, the rolling temperature is 1,120 DEG C-1,160 DEG C, and the deforming speed during rolling is 10/s-12/s; 5) finish rolling: the deforming speed of the last pass rolling is 60/s-90/s, and the outlet temperature of the finish rolling is more than 900 DEG C; 6) cooling is carried out after rolling, and then reeling is carried out. The method of the invention has the advantages that the method guarantees not only the edge quality of the hot-rolled strip steel but also the stamping property of the cold-rolled strip steel, improves the surface finish quality and lowers the production cost, and has high production efficiency and rolling yield, etc.


The electricity generation assistance service is an important means to ensure the safety and stability of a power grid.As a good reserved capacity,a hydro generating unit is easy to start and shut down,and to generate quickly.Compared with other electricity generation enterprises,hydropower plants are suitable to undertake the assistance service in a power grid.Based on the situation of separation between power grid and plants,and electricity bidding,the participate of hydropower plants in the electricity generation assistance service is of significance to the stability of the power grid.Based on the operation of the hydropower plants in the Ningxia power grid,this paper discusses the economic assessment methods from the aspect of management of regulation and operation of the plants.


Tyres are a final output torque of the vehicle before all the forces are distributed to the road surface as a tractive force. When the tyre pressure changed, it had a direct effect on rolling resistance force of the vehicle and reduced the tractive force. Moreover, it had an effect on a rate of fuel consumption and driving comfort. This research had tested the effect of tyre pressure of 25 psi and 45 psi to determine the total resistance force between the vehicle speed from 40 km/hr to 100 km/hr and compare with the reference tyre pressure of 35 psi by using the "coast-down technique". The results from calculation showed the total resistance force when the vehicle speed was zero from tyre pressure of 25 psi increased by 48.52% from reference value and the total resistance force from tyre pressure of 45 psi decreased by 13.46% from the reference tyre pressure. The different resistance force from tyre pressure of 35 psi with the other 2 values of tyre pressure in the research were called the different rolling resistance force because the vehicle changed only tyre pressure which had no effect on aerodynamics drag. The relationship of the different rolling resistance force along the test speed from tyre pressure of 25 psi and 45 psi decreased while the vehicle speed increased. The relationship can be fitted with a linear equation. The slope from tyre pressure of 25 psi was 0.2358 which was steeper than the slope of 0.0828 from 45 psi tyre pressure. These were the effect of tyre characteristic that made from rubber. When the vehicle speed was low, the frequency of tyre deformation was also low and resulted in high energy loss from hysteresis phenomena. Therefore high rolling resistance force was generated. Considering the effect of tyre under high vehicle speed, the frequency of tyre deformation increased and made the molecule of rubber vibrate more than low vehicle speed. These effects made the tyre stiffer than low frequency and resulted in decreasing the rolling resistance force. In additional, high frequency that caused by high tyre pressure had effected on driving comfort in a real driving condition.


This paper proposes a new methodology for the optimal allocation and sizing of Embedded Generation (EG) employing Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) to minimize the total power losses and to improve voltage profiles in the radial distribution networks. RCGA is a method that uses continuous floating numbers as representation which is different from conventional binary numbers. The RCGA is used as solution tool, which can determine the optimal location and size of EG in radial system simultaneously. This method is developed in MATLAB. The effect of EG units' installation and their sizing to the distribution networks are demonstrated using 24 bus system. Keywords—Embedded generation (EG), load flow study, optimal allocation, real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA).


Seafloor acoustic backscatter data were collected with a high-frequency multibeam echo-sounder offshore Panama City Beach, FL, in May 2013, as part of the Target and Reverberation Experiment 2013 (TREX13) sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). In this context, 7 repeat surveys of a 3 km2 area were done at individual frequencies ranging from 150 to 450 kHz, in 50 kHz increments. The regional seafloor terrain is characterized by a ridge-swale topography. Sediments in the area surveyed include mixtures of sand and mud in various proportions, augmented with shell hash whose distribution appears to be driven by bottom currents. This is inferred from maps of acoustic backscatter intensity data that show sharp boundaries (>10 dB) between dense shell hash accumulations and mud. These sediment acoustic transitions occur over a few meters and extend across the survey area, usually at the bottom of a swale. The transition pattern is consistent at all frequencies in the 7 maps of acoustic backscatter intens...


[njury occurrence aiid cempensatory rcactiens of soybean to feeding of IVbzara viridula and RiPtortusclavatus wcre experimentally analyzcd in rc]ation to the density, duration of re]case and period ofrcleasc ofbugs. Severe feeding interference among individuals occurrcd on largc pocls, especially in N. viriditta. The density efiect considerably aflectcd feeding frequcncy and conscqucntly thc total feeding time. On infested plants, seed biomass decreased remarkably, whi]e the biomass of leaves, stems and rools increased with bug density, 1'hc total biemass of iniured plants was nearly equal to that on centrol (non-injured) plants. During thc carly pod growing stage, a compensatory reaction of plants to the feeding oi' bugs manifested as an increasc in pods. Iajury levels dccreased when bugs were releascd lat.er in the plant lifb cycle. The timing of feeding had a sensitive influence on soybeaa yield. Kizy zvorcis : ipjury occurrence, soybean, bugs, Alegara viridula, Riptortus clavatus


Professor Darren Dalcher, "Coming to terms with the unknown: Re-invoking Knightian uncertainty', PM World Journal, Vol. 6 (6), June 2017, Advances in Project Management Series, www.pmworldlibrary.net © 2017 Darren Dalcher


DESCRIPTION Use chemometric techniques to develop optimum separation conditions for capillary electrophoreses For all its advantages, capillary electrophoresis (CE) also carries significant disadvantages for the researcher. Offering a unique blend of information from authors active in a variety of developments of chemometrics in CE, Chemometric Methods in Capillary Electrophoresis presents modern chemometric methods as an alternative to help alleviate the problems commonly encountered during routine analysis and method development.


The utility model discloses a novel refrigerating cabinet port and a door body structure thereof. The utility model comprises a cabinet port, an upper door body and a lower door body, wherein the inner wall of the cabinet port is provided with an upper groove-shaped slide way and a lower groove-shaped slide way. The corresponding edge section of the upper door body can be arranged in the upper groove-shaped slide way, and the corresponding edge section of the lower door body can be arranged in the lower groove-shaped slide way. Because the utility model adopts the structure, the door bodies can smoothly slide in grooves of the cabinet port. The utility model has the advantages of good sealing performance, convenient assembling operation and beautiful integrated appearance.


In this paper, the B/S framework business intelligence system was developed with the sale data of medicine materials. It introduces establishing process of data warehouse, online analysis processing technology and association analysis technology from application requirement.The system provides effective support for decision-making of managers in medicine materials sales.


As a result of urbanization, urban wastewater has increased fast, so reusing urban wastewater has become a research topic for a long time. The goals of this study were effects of wastewater irrigation on accumulation of heavy metals in soil and spinach, and optimization by response surface methodology (RSM). The plants were transplanted into pots containing 7 kg of soil, and were irrigated with 400 mL of wastewater to water mixture (in different ratio) every day. The response surface methodology and central composite design have been used to clarify the experimental plan and determine the optimum settings of the independent variables and their responses. The independent factors were ratio of wastewater to water mixture (20, 40 and 60%; v/v) and different lengths of time for taking samples (10, 20 and 30 days). The results showed that the irrigation by wastewater led to accumulation of Mn and Ni in soil and plant. At the optimum time for taking samples (29.99 days) and ratio of wastewater to water mixture (59.85%; v/v) the maximum accumulation of Mn and Ni in soil,


Main purpose: to determine the levels of Interleukin-17 and Interleukin-18 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis patients matched to their levels in periodontally healthy individuals. Subjects and methods: Fifty subjects were included; 25 of them are diagnosed with stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis patients and 25 are periodontally healthy subjects. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were recorded for all the enrolled subjects at baseline and after three months following non surgical treatment in the tested periodontitis group. GCF levels of IL-17 and IL-18 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and after three months following non surgical treatment in the stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis group. Results: Clinical parameters and GCF levels of IL-17 and IL-18 were higher in stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis than periodontally healthy subjects . Both IL-17 and IL-18 were decreased after non surgical treatment of the stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis group. So, this proved that both IL-17 and IL-18 are positively correlated to the clinical parameters and both interleukins are positively correlated with each other and have a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Conclusion: IL-17 and IL-18 are important proinflammatory cytokines of periodontal disease and either one of them can be used as a potential biomarker of stage III/IV, molar/incisor pattern periodontitis.


This paper combines results from a local gyrokinetic code with analytical theory to reconstruct the global eigenmode structure of the linearly unstable ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) mode with adiabatic electrons. The simulations presented here employ the s- tokamak equilibrium model. Local gyrokinetic calculations, using GS2 have been performed over a range of radial surfaces, x, and for ballooning phase angle, p, in the range p , to map out the complex local mode frequency, 0(x;p) = !0(x;p) + i 0(x;p). Assuming a quadratic radial prole for the drive, namely i = Ln=LT , (holding constant all other equilibrium proles such as safety factor, magnetic shear etc.), 0(x;p) has a stationary point. The reconstructed global mode then sits on the outboard mid plane of the tokamak plasma, and is known as a conventional or isolated mode, with global growth rate, Max[ 0(x;p)], where 0(x;p) is the local growth rate. Taking the radial variation in other equilibrium proles (e.g safety factor q(x)) into


TELEPHONE SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM Johan Schalkwyk, Pieter Vermeulen, Mark Fanty and Ronald Coley Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology 20000 N.W. Walker Road, P.O. Box 91000, Portland, OR 97291-1000, USA Tel: +1 503-6901318, E-mail: email@example.com ABSTRACT An embedded implementation of a hybrid neural-network based telephone speech recognition system is described. The system (1) digitizes speech and computes a PLP spectral representation; (2) uses a Neural Network to assign 534 contextual phoneme probabilities; and (3) uses these phoneme probabilities for a general purpose word-spotting task.


Bailuwan Ecological Wetland Park with an area of 200 hm2, has been the first "National Urban Wetland Park" in Chengdu which is divided into A and B two zones. In zone A, as a window and image representative of the city, 50% recharge water in Daxuanhu Lake comes from Xiaoxuanhu Lake. The water eutrophication was serious with water blooms appeared in Xiaoxuanhu Lake in 2017. In order to repair the eutrophic water body, in-situ ecological restoration combination technology was applied. Thirteen kinds of plants, including submerged water, emergent water and floating leaf together with man-made wetland, submerged macrophyte, ecological floating bed and floating leaf plant were selected to construct as restoration system for Xiaoxuanhu Lake. The results showed that Xiaoxuanhu Lake water quality had improved significantly after restoration. The main physical and chemical indexes were up to the standard of III class of surface water from inferior V in one year's operation. The annual average concentration of CODMn, TP, TN and NH3-N compared with influent decreased 10.4%, 67.7%, 25.1% and 25.6% respectively. The high quality water supply for Daxuanhu Lake was guaranteed in this way. The technique can be used in situ restoration of eutrophic water body in the ecological wetland park and ecological restoration of eutrophic water body in urban rivers and lakes.


In the context of low- carbon economy,study a closed- loop supply chain network with multiple suppliers,manufacturers,markets and recycling centers. Considering the carbon emission reduction and recycling of waste products,design a mixed integer programming model and puts the total operation cost minimization as optimization objective in order to solve the closed- loop supply chain network resource configuration problems such as the construction of network nodes,inter node traffic volume,transportation mode selection,emission reduction technology investment,recovery center location and recovery center environmental protection level. Then the lingo 12 software is applied to do optimized simulation of low carbon closed- loop supply chain network,getting the valuable conclusions to guide the production.


Liliana Hromadova Thermal Pressurization of Pore Fluid During Earthquake Slip Comenius University Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics Department of Astronomy, Physics of the Earth, and Meteorology Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Peter Moczo, DrSc. Bratislava 2009 93 pages The presented thesis is intended as a detailed analysis of a candidate dynamic fault weakening mechanism called thermal pressurization of pore fluid, based on the theory of thermoporoelasticity and on the latest geological, laboratory, and theoretical field results. The thesis starts with a summary of the most important dynamic fault weakening mechanisms, possibly playing a significant role during large tectonic earthquakes, i.e., the thermal pressurization of pore fluid, the flash heating of microscopic asperity contacts, the melting, and the silica gel formation. In the following chapter, an introduction to the theory of thermoporoelasticity is presented, emphasized on a detailed establishment of the theory of linear poroelasticity, and containing a generalization to a thermoporoelastic case. It is the most extensive chapter of the thesis, since the thermal pressurization of pore fluid process can be treated as a thermoporoelastic problem. In the next, final chapter, a modified physical model of the thermal pressurization of pore fluid process is proposed. The chapter starts with a summary of latest geological, laboratory, and theoretical findings regarding the thermal pressurization process, resulting in model properties, constraints and assumptions, and in a set of appropriate values of model parameters. Then the geometry, material properties, physical mechanism, and governing equations of the model are presented. One of the governing equations, which describes the pore fluid pressure variations, differs from the commonly used one it contains two additional non-linear terms. The performed dimensional analysis suggests


Introduction: Low back ache is one of the most common causes of physical constraints at work, affecting around 80 percent of the population. Mechanical low back ache and disc prolapse are more seen in younger population while lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar spondylosis are more common in middle-aged and older patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the short-term functional outcome following Bupivacaine & Triamcinolone through transforaminal route in chronic disc prolapse. Time between onset of symptoms and injection ranged between 2 -12 months. Methodology: A prospective study of 30 patients with chronic low back ache with radiating pain who were well distributed based on age, sex, gender, radiating side and root involved. Patients were treated by transforaminal epidural injection under fluoroscopy guidance with combination of Triamcinolone and bupivacaine. Results: Post injection, functional outcomes were evaluated using VAS, LBPRS and ODI score at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months. Conclusion: In our study, there was a statistically significant improvement in the 6-month post TFESI VAS score, ODI score and LBPRS scores compared to the baseline. In conclusion, bupivacaine with triamcinolone is safe and effective in the treatment of chronic disc prolapse patients.


A novel and scalable strategy was developed for the synthesis of one dimensional mesoporous polybenzoxazine-based Fe3O4@carbon nanofibers by using an in situpolymerization method, which exhibit an extremely high surface area of 1885 m2 g−1, as well as efficient adsorption for organic dyes and facilely magnetic separation property.


Objective: The chiropractic care of a soldier with low back pain, vertebral subluxations and urinary urgency is described. Clinical Features: A 24 -year-old soldier presented with low back pain and urinary urgency of 12 -15 times per day with unsuccessful medication results. Intervention & Outcome: Contact-specific, high-velocity, lowamplitude adjustments (ie, Diversified Technique) were applied to sites of vertebral subluxation. The patient reported a decrease in low back pain and urinary urgency after chiropractic care. Conclusion: The chiropractic care of a soldier with low back pain and urinary urgency is presented. Marked resolution of the patient∂s symptoms was obtained concomitant with a reduction in subluxation findings despite the history of unsuccessful medication results. Key Indexing Terms: Low back pain, chiropractic, urinary urgency, urinary incontinence, enuresis


This study aimed to explore the effects of straw compost with different proportions as replacement to chemical fertilizer on soil microorganisms as well as rice growth yield and quality. The rice variety Quan9you 063 in Fengyang, Anhui province was employed as the research subject. Four experimental treatments were set: local conventional fertilization as a control (CK) and compost substituting chemical fertilizer at 10% (T1), 20% (T2), and 30% (T3) to investigate the effects of straw composting. Our findings revealed that T1 treatment had the best rice yield-increasing effect (p < 0.05). Compared with CK, the rice yield, grain number per panicle, and rice polishing rate increased by 6.43%, 21.60%, and 0.47%, respectively; the chalkiness and chalky grain rate decreased by 25.77% and 55.76%, respectively. The T1 treatment achieved significantly higher relative abundance of β-Proteobacteria, Sideroxydans, Methanoregula, and Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus, indicating that the compost replacing 10% chemical fertilizer notably increased the microbial diversity. Hence, the replacement of 10% of chemical fertilizers with compost can enhance the rice yield.


A set of responses to EPA's 2014 report, "Bristol Bay Assessment," is presented. EPA's report concluded that Pebble Mine should not be built. In this white paper, arguments are made in defense of Pebble Mine development. We will also explore various tangentially related social, political, and other ideological issues.


Luder's Financial Management Reform Process Model (2002) is used to analyse and explain the context of the accounting reform process at the central government of Malta, thus introducing Malta in the field of Comparative International Governmental Accounting Research (CIGAR). Organisational Theory that underlies this model is referred to when discussing its limitations. The qualitative research methodology required a set of interviews with actors involved in the reform process, supported by documentary research.

The governmental accounting reform process in Malta is described in two phases: the environment of the first phase is assessed as conducive to change; in the second phase, stronger forces at macro level reduced this conduciveness. The long-winding reforms at central government level in Malta may only be illusory because once the statistical reporting requirements for Eurostat were achieved, the reform concept changed. The findings confirm the centrality of the budget in government accounting.

The decision by the Maltese Government to adopt International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) does not appear to be well-informed and appears based on the quest for credibility. The objective of the European Union (EU)'s interest in IPSAS is also questioned since these financial reporting standards do not give budgeting particular importance, and reporting to the EU by member states is already harmonised through the ESA95.


It is well acknowledged that teaching mathematics in multilingual classrooms where the language of teaching and learning is not the students' home language presents challenges. It is also well acknowledged that there are various knowledge demands on teaching mathematics, and that teachers face different tasks that constitute mathematical work of teaching. In this paper I explore the link between the two by conceptualising the mathematical work of teaching in multilingual contexts. I do this by drawing on lessons from studies on mathematical knowledge for teaching and mathematical work of teaching, from studies on teaching mathematics in multilingual contexts


This paper reports on qualitative data from a study of drug-abusing women during pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 drug-using women focusing on their attitudes to and feelings about pregnancy. The findings do not support stereotypes of pregnant drug users as selfish and irresponsible. The women's accounts are characterized by feelings of anxiety and guilt which are often exacerbated by comments from health professionals and others. Some implications for health care services for drug-using women and their babies are discussed.


There have been a number of high profile cases in the communications and media sectors throughout 2012, many of which have seen the boundaries of competition law and sectoral regulation tested in the context of fundamental changes in the underlying technology used to deliver services to customers. The acquisition by H3G Austria of Orange Austria has been seen as an important test of the Commission's approach to mergers in the telecommunications sector as operators transition to next generation networks. At the Member State level, the outcome of Sky's appeal of Ofcom's consultation on the UK pay-TV sector has tested the boundaries of national licensing provisions and the application of the principles behind Article 102 TFEU. Most favoured nation' agreements appear to be moving rapidly up the European Commission's behavioural enforcement priority list.


Codebook is a useful precoding technique for bandwidth limited systems because only few bits are required to feedback channel information. Many researchers propose several codebook selection criteria for linear receivers. However, these selection criteria are very computationally intensive, and most of them are not feasible for aperiodic feedback reporting in both LTE and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems. Under the limited processing hardware and feedback delay constraints, low-complexity receivers with efficient codebook selection scheme are desirable. In this work, a low-complexity codebook searching engine is proposed to support both LTE and LTE-A operations. Also, it can be operated for both aperiodic and periodic feedback reporting. The properties and mutual correlations of the LTE and LTE-A codebooks are firstly analyzed. Then, a low-complexity grouping FFT-based codebook searching algorithm is proposed, which can be shared by LTE and LTE-A systems. Since the proposed algorithm is an algorithmic transformation, there is no performance loss. The proposed schemes have significant effect of reducing the number of multiplications by 56% compared with referenced works. Finally, a dual-mode low-complexity codebook searching engine with TSMC 90 nm is implemented. The IP size is 2.2 mm2 and the equivalent gate count is 547.6 K. The operating frequency is 125 MHz.


State transportation agencies (STAs) have been using the project bundling method primarily on bridge projects. While many studies suggest that bundling bridges can reduce project costs and expedite project delivery, more research is needed to help STAs to achieve advanced use of project bundling by understanding the current state of the practice and perceptions about project bundling among STA representatives. This paper presents the detailed findings of a survey, including the perceived benefits, challenges, and risks involved in the bundling method among STA representatives. The survey found that project bundling helps reduce individual project costs in a bundle as well as agency administrative costs and provides an individual project with the flexibility to schedule around other projects in a bundle. Project bundling was found to have a major impact on the cost and delivery time of the project. The major factors that are considered for bundling effectiveness were found to be work type, project type, and spatial proximity. The major concern that most of the STAs had during bundling was that the bundled projects may eliminate the competition from smaller contractors. However, the concerns over the bundling method were found to be less among agencies with a high-level experience of bundling. The survey also found that the majority of STAs have not quantified the impact of the project bundling yet. The results from this study suggest that further research on bundling mixed-type projects and risks associated with bundled contracts is necessary.


Subset selection tasks, such as top-k ranking, induce datasets where examples have cardinalities that are known a priori. In this paper, we propose a tractable probabilistic model for subset selection and show how it can be learned from data. Our proposed model is interpretable and subsumes a previously introduced model based on logistic regression. We show how the parameters of our model can be estimated in closed form given complete data, and propose an algorithm for learning its structure in an interpretable space. We highlight the intuitive structures that we learn via case studies. We finally show how our proposed model can be viewed as an instance of the recently proposed Probabilistic Sentential Decision Diagram.


Background Understanding the heritable contribution of vascular measures, from parent to offspring, may aid in risk stratification and atherosclerosis prevention efforts. We hypothesized that measures of vascular structure and function would be heritable in this cohort of parents and their adolescent offspring. Methods and Results High‐resolution ultrasound scans of the brachial and carotid arteries were obtained in parents (n=558) and their offspring (n=369). Lumen diameter and flow‐mediated dilation were measured in the brachial artery. Intima‐media thickness, lumen diameter, incremental elastic modulus, diameter distensibility, and cross‐sectional distensibility were measured, and carotid cross‐sectional compliance was measured in the carotid artery. Carotid–radial pulse wave velocity was obtained using SphygmoCor®. Heritability analysis (h2, expressed as %) using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines was performed on the entire cohort and adjusted for age, sex, race, body–mass index, smoking, and mean arterial pressure. Data are presented as mean±SE. Measures of brachial artery diameter (h2=25±9%, P=0.001), lumen diameter (h2=55±9%, P<0.001), intima‐media thickness (h2=29±13%, P=0.014), diameter distensibility (h2=28±7%, P<0.001), cross‐sectional distensibility (h2=27±7%, P<0.001), and pulse wave velocity (h2=26±9%, P<0.001) were significantly heritable. Flow‐mediated dilation and incremental elastic modulus were not significantly heritable. Similar associations were observed in analysis restricted to siblings and complete Trios (mother, father, and child). Conclusions These data show that the majority of noninvasive measures of vascular structure and function are heritable, suggesting that measurement of these subclinical risk factors in parents may be helpful in assessing childhood risk for future cardiovascular disease.


The findings are presented of a study undertaken to provide baseline information that may be employed to develop a simplified hatchery technique for postlarval feeding of Clarias gariepinus on zooplankton cultured indoors in small aquaria. Three series of experiments were undertaken to identify the type and quantity of organic manure that would produce maximum densities of zooplankton in the shortest time in indoor cultures. Results suggest the possibility of the culture of natural zooplankton populations for use in larval feeding of C. gariepinus fry. Its effective hatchery application would bring about reduction in the unit cost per fingerling and ensure continuous hatchery operations even in the absence of Artemia cysts


The aim of this study was evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) on improving exercise tolerance of patients with heart failure (HF). A systematic review was performed in PubMed/ MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science for randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials, without language and year of publication restrictions. Descriptors were defined as 'heart failure', 'noninvasive ventilation', 'positive-pressure respiration', 'interactive ventilatory support', 'exercise test' in addition to the keywords 'BIPAP', 'CPAP', 'IPAP', 'EPAP', 'NIV' and their Portuguese equivalents. Studies comparing NIV with one or two pressure levels to groups without intervention, other physiotherapy modalities without positive pressure or a sham group were included. Four studies were selected, including HF patients of various etiologies, considering the staging classification of New York Heart Association. Any included work realized the allocation concealment, all studies participants underwent blinding, but only two trials performed assessors blinding. None of the studies have described an intention to treat analysis and did not use appropriate statistical methods. All selected trials assessed functional capacity and in only two, dyspnea was assessed. The intervention protocols of the included trials were heterogeneous, three studies underwent a single intervention with NIV, two immediately before the functional capacity test and another study performed NIV during the exercise evaluation. The last trial held 14 sessions of NIV, with the functional capacity evaluation being performed on day 0, 4, 9 and 14. There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of NIV in increasing exercise tolerance.


Phenol blue is a merocyanine dye that may exist in resonance between two extreme forms, a neutral keto form and a zwitterionic, charge-separated eno form. The keto form is stable in the gas phase, while the eno form can be stabilized by solvents. In this work, the bond-length alternation is used to monitor the change of the dipole hyperpolarizability of phenol blue continuously from the extreme eno to the other extreme keto forms. Intermediate structures were found to give the largest value for the first dipole hyperpolarizability. These values are compatible with the experimental results in different solvents and suggest that phenol blue undergoes structural changes in polar solvents. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.; DOI 10.1002/qua.10120


Welcome to Prominent Overseas Representatives. O.s July 6th a luncheon party was held in hllonour of three lpromnent representatives of the Association from orerseas-nanu-elv, Sir George Syme, F.R.C.S., of Melbourne, President of the Australasian Medical Congress, 1923, C'liairIiian of the Federal Committee of the British Medical Association in Australia, a Vice-President of the Association, and first President of the College of Surgeons of Australasia; Dr. A. J. Orenstein, C.M.G., of Johannesburg, President of the Federal Council of the Medical Association of South Africa (British Medical Association); and Mr. C. L. Leipoldt, iF.R.C.S., Organizing Secretary of the Medical Association of South Africa (British Medical Association) and Editor of the Medical Joutrnal of South Aflica. By a happy coincidence all these three gentlemen happened to be in England at the same time, and Sir George Symne and Mr. Leipoldt are staying for the Annual Meeting at Cardiff. The hosts at the luncheon at the .May Fair Hotel were the officers and chief.officials of the Associationi. As Lady Syme is accompanying Sir George she was invited to the luncheon and was received by the ladies of the hosts. The Chairman of Council took the chair, -and in addition: to the Chairman of the Representati%-e Bodythere were present the Chairman of the Dominions Committee, Dr. W. Paterson; the two representatives of, the Australian Branches on the Council, Sir Jenner Verrall and Mr. T. P. Dunhill; and Dr. Barcroft Anderson, the representative of the African Branches. The President, President-Elect, and Treasurer of the Association were unavoidably absent. The luncheon was designe(ly kept informal, but after the toast of " The King," Dr. Brtaekeabury in a few words said how glad the hosts were to welcome overseas representatives who held such .distinguished positions in the Association; Sir George Symne, Dr. Orenstein, and Mr. Leipoldt briefly replied.


A lanthanide cluster, PCC-72, which is the second largest, with 72 Dy(III) ions assembled into an unprecedented tubular structure, is synthesized. Remarkably, PCC-72 exhibits superionic proton conductivity (>10-4 S cm-1 ) under both ambient (with relative humidity RH < 75%) and hot (T > 90 °C, RH = 95%) conditions. Moreover, slow magnetic relaxation is observed, making PCC-72 the largest Dy(III) cluster that is a single-molecule magnet.


We study the dynamical signatures of black hole (BH) and neutron star (NS) binary mergers via Lidov–Kozai oscillations induced by tertiary companions in hierarchical triple systems. For each type of binary (BH–BH and BH–NS), we explore a wide range of binary/triple parameters that lead to binary mergers and determine the distributions of merger time Tm, eccentricity (em), and spin–orbit misalignment angle ( ) when the binary enters the LIGO/VIRGO band (10 Hz). We use the double-averaged (over both orbits) and single-averaged (over the inner orbit) secular equations, as well as N-body integration, to evolve systems with different hierarchy levels, including the leading-order post-Newtonian effect, de Sitter spin–orbit coupling, and gravitational radiation. We find that for merging BH–BH binaries with comparable masses, about 7% have em > 0.1 and 0.7% have em > 0.9. The majority of the mergers have significant eccentricities in the LISA band. The BH spin evolution and the final spin–orbit misalignment are correlated with the orbital evolution and em. Mergers with negligible em (≲10−3) have a distribution of that peaks around 90° (and thus favoring a projected binary spin parameter χeff ∼ 0), while mergers with larger em have more isotropic spin–orbit misalignments. For typical BH–NS binaries, strong octupole effects lead to more mergers with nonnegligible em (with ∼18% of the mergers having em > 0.1 and 2.5% having em > 0.9), and the final BH spin axis tends to be randomly oriented. Measurements or constraints on eccentric mergers and from LIGO/VIRGO and LISA would provide useful diagnostics on the dynamical formation of merging BH or NS binaries in triples. The recently detected BH merger events may implicate such dynamical formation channel.


A stereoselective synthesis of 1-substituted (E)-2-aryl-but-1-en-3-ynes, including tetrasubstituted alkenes, has been developed from aryl-substituted α-allenols by treatment with the AcCl-NaOH (aqueous) system. This transformation might be explained through the elimination of acetic acid, made up of a δ-hydrogen and the acetate group in the initially formed α-allenic acetate.