Background: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) has been widely used in the management of a variety of intracranial tumors, including pituitary adenomas. Pituitary prolactinoma (Prs) is one of the most common types of these adenomas. Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with pituitary Prs over a period from June 2017 to June 2018 at the Neurosciences Hospital, Baghdad/Iraq. The GKR procedure was performed using the Leksell Gamma Knife® Perfexion™, 192 beams of Cobalt 60 radiation were delivered through the intact skull to the pituitary Prs. Results: There is a significant female predominance 32 (72%). The results after 6 months of GKR showed significant improvement regarding the size of adenoma, prolactin hormone level, contrast enhancement on MRI, and medical treatment. Conclusion: The study showed that the GKR is a safe and effective modality of treatment in the management of pituitary Prs.


The organisation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was examined in branching thallus cells and germinating cells derived from regenerated protoplasts (protoplast derived cells; PDCs) of Macrocystis pyrifera gametophytes by both immunofluorescent labelling of the HDEL sequence and vital staining with DiOC6(3), and in branching thallus cells of Splachnidium rugosum and Choristocarpus tenellus with DiOC6 (3) staining. In M. pyrifera and S. rugosum cells, distinctive cortical ER configurations with a clear radial arrangement were found at sites where a protrusion will emerge, while branching C. tenellus cells had a cortical ER patch from which a few linear ER elements expanded towards the rest of the cell. Examination of the organization of actin filaments (AFs) revealed similar radial AF structures at the site of the future protrusion, while the microtubule (Mt) organisation did not show any similar characteristic structure at the protrusion site. Latrunculin B inhibited germination in M. pyrifera PDCs, and the treated cells lacked radial ER or AF configurations. Treatment with taxol did not affect the germination process or the radial configurations. The structural similarity and the temporal and spatial coincidence of the ER and AF configurations combined with the inhibitor experiments lead to the hypothesis that ER, in conjunction with AFs, is implicated in the fixation of the polar axis in brown algal cells. The existence of characteristic ER and AF configurations in polarising cells of the three species suggests that they are a common characteristic of the brown algae.


In Part 1 of the companion paper, we have investigated lane formation dynamics of driven three-dimensional (3-D) pair-ion plasmas (PIP) in the presence of parallel external forcing using extensive Langevin dynamics (LD) simulation. In continuation of the work, in this Part 2, we investigate lane formation dynamics in the presence of non-parallel external forcing, and the effect of both constant and time varying forces are studied. In our model, positively charged PIP particles are pushed into the field direction by an external force $\boldsymbol{F}_{A} = E_A\cos \omega _At$ while the negatively charged PIP particles are pulled by an external force $\boldsymbol{F}_{B} = E_B\cos \omega _Bt$ in a direction perpendicular to the external force $\boldsymbol{F}_{A}$. We show that in the case of non-parallel forces, the lanes are observed with an orientation (characterised by angle of inclination $\theta$) tilted in the direction of the force difference vector ($\boldsymbol{F}_{A} - \boldsymbol{F}_{B}$). The instantaneous lane order parameter, order parameter with gradient of angle of inclination ($\phi (\theta )$) and distribution function of $\Delta \theta$ have been implemented to characterise the phase transition. A spontaneous formation and breaking of lanes are observed when under the influence of time-varying forces. The effect is further investigated for three different situations: first, when $\omega _A \neq 0$ and $\omega _B = 0$; second, when $\omega _A = \omega _B \neq 0$; and third, for $\omega _A \neq \omega _B \neq 0$. Our study reveals that for the first case, a periodic oscillation of angle of inclination is observed. If oscillating forces of the same frequency are applied, the oscillation in angle of inclination disappears, and spontaneous formation and breaking of lanes is observed. However, in the presence of forces with different frequencies, flipping of lane inclination between the positive and negative domain of $\theta$ is observed. Further, some aspects of the lane formation dynamics of a PIP system is also studied in the presence of an external magnetic field where the lane formation dynamics is found to be accelerated.


A sedimentary sequence from a small lake situated on Taterakasik peninsula in the Kap Farvel area, South Greenland, was investigated with respect to pollen and other microfossil content, as well as loss-on-ignition and magnetic susceptibility values. The 14C dates suggest that the sedimentation started shortly before 12 300 cal yrs. BP. and thus cover the transition from the supposedly cold Younger Dryas into the warmer Preboreal. The primary aim of the analysis was to interpret the climatic and vegetational shifts during this period.

The results show that Younger Dryas was cold and dry (continental climate). Immigration and establishment of terrestrial plants was very limited, due to the cold and dry environment. However, the production of the green algae Pediastrum was high, suggesting that the summers were fairly mild.

After the end of the Younger Dryas cooling the terrestrial vegetation expanded rapidly. The climate became warmer and more humid. The productivity in the lake increased due to warmer climate and higher influx of nutrients by increased run-off caused by higher precipitation and snowmelt.

The absence of marine dwelling dinoflagellate (Hystrix) during the Younger Dryas cooling indicates that the ocean was ice covered throughout the year. After the transition into the Preboreal, occurrence of marine organisms - most likely brought to the lake by sea-spray - indicate that the ocean was open for at least parts of the year. The ice-covered ocean during the Younger Dryas made the climate more continental and after the transition into the Preboreal the open waters made the climate milder and more humid.


Phil Ruthven identifies which Australians will be able to retire without relying on the age pension, thanks to the ongoing growth of superannuation assets.


Make-or-break time is near for the Higgs boson and supersymmetry. The LHC will soon put to the sword many theoretical ideas, and define the future for collider physics. PACS. 1 1.15.Ex, 11.30.Pb, 12.10.-g, 12.60.Jv, 14.80.Bn


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate landslide hazard problems in Hanuman Chatti area of Uttarakhand, India. Every year NH 58 experiences landslide activities, which disrupts the tourist traffic to Badrinath shrine and higher Himalaya.Design/methodology/approach – An urgent need is being felt to have a comprehensive landslide hazard evaluation factor (LHEF). The major causative factors that influence the slope stability are lithology, structure, soil depth, soil texture, geomorphology, slope morphology, slope dip, slope aspect, slope magnitude, weathering, land use and land cover and anthropogenic activities. The present analysis is based on the rating scheme in which numerical ratings for different categories are determined on the basis of their estimated significance in causing instability.Findings – In the study area, nine old landslides (0.238 sq.km) and five new landslides (0.086 sq.km) are recorded. On the basis of the various causative factors the study area is classified into five la...


Ventromedial mesencephalic dopamine neurons are implicated in the etiology of certain psychiatric and motor disorders.' They receive synaptic input from a variety of impinging afferent elements. Cholinergic, GABAergic, serotonergic, catecholaminergic, and peptidergic (cg.. substance P, neurotensin, enkephalin) terminals, among others, may each provide a neurotransmitter or neuromodulatory role in the overall regulation of dopaminergic function and/or the manifestation of physiologic dysfunction. In addition, humoral agents may factor into this equation, as well. With present in vivo and in vitro methodologies, it is difficult at best to delineate the relative contribution of each of these components in this elaborate circuitry and which are critical in establishing predominant control over this dopamine system. In order to unravel some of these complexities, we have sought in this study to develop a simplified explant of the mesolimbic dopamine neuronal population that preserves the cell body-toterminal continuum and that facilitates the examination of some of the basic neuropharmacology of dopamine neurons. Initially, we have focused on the effects of neurotensin (NT) on neurotransmitter release from the mesoaccumbens projection, as its receptor topography and physiological and behavioral responses on this neuronal population have been at least partially characterizeda2


A review of the modern technology for flash smelting copper concentrates and introduction of 240 references on copper extraction. Considered in detail are the unit processes, operations, economic aspects and R & D prospects. Previous innovations on the flash technology and the current tend of research in the extractive metallurgy indicate that better understanding of fundamentals will lead to even greater improvements. Enhanced cooperation among different fields will be necessary to achieve this.


Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) and Active Queue Management (AQM) schemes have been proposed for present-day TCP/IP networks to better manage network congestion. ECN enabled AQMs were shown to have a promising advantage over existing drop-tail queues. However, when implemented, they were susceptible to the following problems: (1) the timeout mechanism or the duration of the reception of three duplicate acknowledgements (ACKs), due to early-dropped packets by these AQMs, delays the response time of TCP (in reducing the offered rate); (2) using ECN with these AQMs has its downsides: (i) its messages may get delayed or dropped due to congestion in downstream routers; and (ii) TCP implementations at both the source and the destination have to be ECN-compliant (which presents a significant problem in today's cores and end systems); and (3) these AQM schemes, with or without ECN, fail to protect TCP-friendly flows adequately in the presence of non TCP-friendly (e.g., UDP) or malicious flows.
This dissertation presents solutions to these problems by proposing two novel AQM modification schemes called Receiver-Window Modification (RWM) and RECHOKe (REpeatedly CHOose and Keep for responsive flows, REpeatedly CHOose and Kill for unresponsive flows). By combining these two schemes with RED, we produce a new AQM scheme called RCUBE (Receiver-Window Modified Random Early Detection queues with RECHOKe). By using RECHOKe as a component, RCUBE easily identifies, controls and punishes malicious flows, by requiring only a small amount of information, approximately proportional to the order of magnitude of malicious flows. By using RWM, we reduce the average TCP queue sizes in the queues and in doing so, not only make it easier to identify malicious flows but also reduce the queuing delay resulting in significant improvements in one-way end-to-end packet delays, delay jitter, throughput and number of dropped packets for TCP-friendly flows. We compare RED, CHOKe, xCHOKe, RECHOKe and RCUBE schemes and show that RCUBE outperforms these schemes in identifying, controlling and punishing malicious flows and in protecting TCP-friendly flows. We also provide a theoretical analysis for RCUBE, RECHOKe and RWM schemes to validate our claims.


PURPOSE
To describe a surgical method of using connective tissue graft and bone graft harvested from implantation bed to restore the labial contour.

METHODS
102 ITI system implants were placed in 55 anterior maxilla, with connective tissue graft and bone graft harvested from implantation bed simultaneously. Suprastructure restorations were performed at least 6 weeks later, and the change of the labial contour was evaluated.

RESULTS
The labial contour was greatly improved, and the esthetics around the implants were enhanced.

CONCLUSIONS
Using free connective tissue and bone graft harvested from implantation bed could achieve an esthetic outcome. It is cost-effective and deserves popularization. Supported by Research Fund (No.034119872) of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.


Abstract:Nemesis (2010), Roth's plague novel, presents a world glutted with the "scorches" and stains of bodily data that elsewhere singly identify Rothian character. Tactile sensations flare vibrant and deadly in a community on fire, as Nemesis asks how the "little cell" of protagonicity at its center, Bucky Cantor, can have a meaningful relationship with bodily matter once it is reconstrued as toxic. This article argues that as a destabilized realist novel, Nemesis reflects critically on the fate of fictive character when the human has been "unmasked" as naked data.


The radiation induced front channel threshold voltage shift (/spl Delta/V/sub tl/) of fully-depleted MOSFETs fabricated in SIMOX is investigated and analyzed as a function of power supply voltage (V/sub DD/) from 5.5 to 1.2 volts. This work shows that the expected improvement in front channel radiation hardness by reducing V/sub DD/ is not fully realized due to (1) a radiation induced off-set voltage at V/sub DD//spl sim/0 V, and (2) enhanced coupling of the buried oxide charge to the front channel.


An experimental study on separation of vapor phase adsorption of the dimethyl carbonate(DMC) and methanol azeotrope was carried out by using the adsorbents of HZSM-5 with high Si/Al ratio and hydrophobic Silicate-1.The results show that both adsorbents can adsorb DMC selectively and present an ability of desirable adsorption separation.The adsorption selectivity of DMC on Silicate-1 is up to 86% and the equilibrium adsorption capacity of DMC is 3.48 g in 100 g Silicate-1,with a separation factor of 14.77.The adsorption mechanism was investigated by IR and TG/DTG/DTA,which shows that Silicalite-1 possesses a perfect framework structure without Si—OH and H+,and DMC is held to the surface of HZSM-5 by strong chemical adsorption,but DMC on Silicate-1 by physical adsorption.


Intersection crossing is a frequent driving maneuver in urban driving. Traffic lights and stop signs force the vehicles to stop and restart causing frustration to drivers. To help the driver in approaching and passing intersections, the vehicle can be equipped with an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) that utilizes vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. As opposed to centralized traffic light optimization, the in-vehicle system uses information on traffic light location and timing to find an individual optimal driving pace, which is then conveyed to the driver. The conventional approach to the pace optimization problem is to consider such parameters as time of arrival, fuel consumption, and emissions. However, to be effective, the system should take into account another important factor-driver's preferences and driving characteristics to improve the acceptance of the system. In this paper, we propose a personalized pace optimization algorithm for approaching and passing signalized intersections that can be used in ADAS. It learns the personal driver's preferences and characteristics during the course of driving and uses this knowledge to calculate driving pace that improves fuel economy, reduces waiting time, and addresses the driver's preferences. We demonstrate the proposed methodology by comparing the system's recommendations for drivers with different preferences and driving styles. Drivers' features were extracted from data collected on an experimental vehicle. We utilize the drivers' profiles to find an optimal driving pace for a specified route for each particular driver. We validate the methodology by simulation to show fuel economy benefits of the generated speed profiles.


Today we have focused on the car exhaust pollution problem with the stronger environmental consciousness.The three-way automotive exhaust catalysts can be used to solve the vehicle exhaust pollution effectively.The three-way automotive exhaust catalyst which was carried by cordierite honeycomb,covered by activated alumina and precious metals(platinum、rhodium and palladium) has been developed.This paper expatiate the generation of the automotive exhaust catalysts and the status quo on recycling technology for automotive exhaust catalysts.


This article considers the role of animal rights-based journalism and its connection to teaching media law and ethics to undergraduate students in an Australian university arts faculty. An anecdotal discussion of a reflective practice informing the teaching of an undergraduate course in a journalism major relates questions of ethics and law to broader considerations of the role of advocacy in and around journalism, and media practice. It is argued that animal rights-related stories have a role in training media professionals, and also in inspiring journalists to envision their own work as part of the democratic mechanisms of social and legal reform in Australia.


read with great gusto this much-quoted sentence from chapter 1: "Queers must respond to the violent force of such constant provocations not only by insisting on our equal right to the social order's prerogatives, not only by avowing our capacity to promote that order's coherence and integrity, but also by saying explicitly what Law and the Pope and the whole of the Symbolic order for which they stand hear anyway in each and every expression or manifestation of queer sexuality: Fuck the social order and the Child in whose name we're collectively terrorized; fuck Annie; fuck the waif from Les Mis; fuck the poor, innocent kid on the Net; fuck Laws with both capital ls and with small; fuck the whole network of Symbolic relations and the future that serves as its prop" (29).


In this study, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts from medicinal herb mixtures were investigated in vitro. Contents of total polyphenols in ethanol extracts from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (HC), Carthamus tinctorius L. (CT), and MIX-2 (Houttuynia cordata Thunb., Acanthopanax gracilistylus Smith, Carthamus tinctorius L., Kalopanax pictus) were 58.98, 60.79 and 57.74 mg/g respectively. Radical scavenging activities of the ethanol extracts were examined using α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl radicals and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. Anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts from medicinal herbs composites were examined using 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assays. The ethanol extracts from medicinal herb mixtures showed higher 5-LO and COX-2 inhibition activities than those from single medicinal herbs. The ethanol extracts from medicinal herb mixtures also showed strong anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production.


In an investigation of allelopathy in the Florida scrub, bioassays with terpenes were performed against: Lactuca sativa, Rudbeckia hirta, Leptochloa dubia and Schizachyrium scoparium. Cineole was phytotoxic against Rudbeckia. at 17 ppm and Lactuca at 165 ppm. (S)-camphor was phytotoxic to Rudbeckia at 1 ppm, Lactuca at 28 ppm, and Leptochloa and Schizachyrium at 134 ppm. (R)-Camphor, myrtenol and myrtenal were phytotoxic against Rudbeckia at concentrations of 28, 25 and 15 ppm respectively. Famesol stimulated the germination of Schizachyrium at concentrations up to 50 ppm and at 100 ppm it reduced the radicle length of all test species. Geraniol stimulated the germination of Schizachyrium at 10 ppm and reduced germination at concentrations greater than 25 ppm. Aqueous washes of Cladonia subtenuis, C. prostrata and C. leporina did not affect the germination or radicle growth of the test species used in bioassays. Atranorin, isolated from C. prostrata, did not demonstrate any biological activity against the test species; however, usnic acid inhibited germination of all four test species at 50 ppm. In a phytochemical investigation of Euthamia leptocephela and E. tenuifolia, the roots of both species provided the polyacetylenes cisand fram'-dehydromatricaria esters; the triterpenes, epifriedelinol, friedelin, P-amyrin, a-amyrin; and the sesquiterpene curcuphenol. Both species were analyzed for their volatile constituents. Ten monoterpenes and 13 sesquiterpenes were identified with varying distributions in both species. The flowers of both species afforded the known flavanoid demethoxysudachitin and the known diterpene liminodilactone and its 6-P-hydroxyl derivative and acetate which are new compounds. The MIC values of the three liminodilactone diterpenes, friedelin, and epifriedelinol were >125 pg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and M. avium. ci'j-Dehydromatricaria ester had a MIC value of 25 Hg/ml against both M.


Based on the analysis on the problem of cultivated land conservation,this paper finds that the dim of property rights of cultivated land conservation is the reason of the institution failure.Then we put forward two theoretical state- ments:one is market failure and government failure,which mainly take on the ambiguous property rights of cultivated land conservation,the imperfectness of cultivated land value,undefined property rights of cultivated land conservation and the distortion of the institutions;and the other is mechanism innovation of cultivated land conservation,it also brings forward the basic framework of the mechanism at the same time.


This MigHealthCare Workshop will be a forum to present and discuss the project's final results with a wide range of health and social care professionals working on the field of migrant/refugee health. The Mig-HealthCare project is a collaboration of 14 partners, among them universities, national authorities and NGOs from 10 countries across Europe (Greece, France, Malta, Germany, Austria, Italy, Cyprus, Spain, Sweden and Bulgaria). The major aim of the project is to reduce health inequalities and improve the integration of vulnerable migrants and refugees into local communities in Europe. The project is co-funded by the III Health Programme of the European Commission from 2017-2020.
 The Mig-HealthCare project addresses the need for structural changes in the health systems to respond to the unmet needs of vulnerable migrants and refugees in Europe and promotes community-based care. Community-based health care has proven to be effective in reducing health inequalities in health, as well as improving accessibility to appropriate care. For this purpose, the consortium has produced an evidence-based Roadmap and Toolbox to reorient health care services to a community level which is a user-friendly online application focusing on the key steps for optimal health care delivery to migrants and refugees. In this regard and as part of these operative tools, within the Mig-HealthCare project, effective community-based care interventions focused on health promotion or prevention were designed and piloted in 8 different contexts and countries.
 As main results of the MigHealthCare project, the Roadmap and Toolbox comprise both the necessary factors that health policy and practice need to deliver culturally competent care as well as the particular health issues especially faced by migrants and refugees in order to better prepare public health response.

 Community-based care for vulnerable migrants and refugees has proven to be effective in reducing health inequalities. Evidence on the drivers of the success or failure of health promotion strategies for migrants and refugees should be considered when planning interventions.


A-B Brotherhood Cafe stands aiming to provide service and comfort to consumers in enjoying leisure time and enjoying dishes served by the cafe by creating a more modern concept and aesthetic beauty. The author uses two research methods namely field research and library research methods of data collection by observation, interviews and documentation sourced from primary data and secondary data and analyzed with descriptive and inductive methods. The conclusion of this research is the cafe business in A-B Brotherhood Cafe is feasible to run by fulfilling the marketing mix requirements. The suggestion from this research is to reduce the bad comments from consumers, in terasi fried rice products need improvement and correction, especially in portions and flavors. In order for the cafe to get enough profit, the owner can raise the price a little more to increase income and cash calculations so that it is not too low and in accordance with standard pricing. In order to attract the attention of visitors, the owner must be more critical in terms of choosing and adding places or locations. The cafe should add facilities such as tables and chairs, lights that are bright enough to add to the aesthetics and beauty of the room. To save time and not waste a lot of time, you should immediately replace the payment method with a payment method after meals or a billing system, so that other visitors do not feel disappointed because they wait too long to be served.


The authors report on cascaded synchronisation in coupled chaotic multiple time-delay electro-optical semiconductor lasers. The authors derive the existence and sufficient stability conditions for the synchronisation regimes. Analytical results are fully supported by numerical simulations. The results are important for chaos-based long-haul communication systems.


We consider a finite-time heat engine in which the temperature T(t) of the working fluid during heat exchanges with the hot and cold reservoirs is determined passively by the heat capacity of the fluid. The set of feasible operations of this engine, whose irreversibility arises solely from the temperature difference between the reservoir(s) and the working fluid, is described in terms of an inequality which sets limits on the rate P of work output and the rate D of entropy production associated with a cycle that takes place in time . Those operations that lie on the boundary of this set are the ones that achieve a specified work output and entropy production in minimum time; this leads naturally to a notion of time efficiency for any operation within the set. The results obtained here extend our previous framework for Carnot-like processes to examine the time efficiency, as well as the power efficiency, of the corresponding Otto- and Brayton-cycle based engines. The present results and the earlier ones can be seen as two extremes of a continuum in which the external control on the temperature of the working fluid varies between (i) passively allowing the T(t) corresponding to a constant heat capacity response and (ii) actively achieving any desired T(t).


Abstract : This report is an extension to DNA 5304D and DNA-IR-82-02 which presented the radio propagation algorithms recommended for use by DNA to calculate the properties of scintillated signals. This report covers effects related to antennas and extends the formalism to cover two component power spectra of plasma fluctuations. In addition, an improved representation of the total electron content power spectrum is included to support space radar and similar applications. Appendix E contains SUBROUTINE PROP which implements the radio propagation models.... Propagation, Satellite communications, Signal scintillation, Radar, Fading, Nuclear effects.


Three-dimensional electrode(TDE) technology was used to treat polluted river water with secon-dary effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plant as the main pollution source,the effects of electrolysis time,cell voltage,volume fraction of coated activated carbon and aeration on nitrogen removal were investigated.The results showed that: three-dimensional electrode technology had a good nitrogen removal efficiency,the best effect was obtained when there was no aeration,the reaction time was 40 min,the cell voltage was 15 V,the volume fraction of the coated activated carbon was 20%,the removal rates of NH3-N,NO2--N and TN reached 75%,95% and 49% respectively;aeration could help improve the nitrogen removal efficiency and increase the TN and NH3-N removal rates about 20%.It could be seen that,TDE was a new and effective nitrogen removal technology.


1. Apparatus (1; 100) for massaging the skin connective tissue (3) of the patient (2) connected to a source (4) vacuum, comprising two parallel rollers (20, 120) for acting on the patient's skin, installed in one housing (10 , 100) rotatably about an axis (XX),! characterized in that at least one of the rollers (20, 120) is hollow and comprises channels (64, 164) to aspirate disposed perpendicular to the axis (XX) roller! wherein each of the channels for aspiration comprises an outer end (641, 1641) facing the peripheral portion (20A, 120A) roller and an inner end (642, 1642) intended, at least during rotation of the roller when the channel outer end directed the skin (3), the treated roller for connection to the source (4) by vacuum means (22, 122) controls located inside the roller and mounted on the housing (10, 110)! wherein each of the channels for aspiration located at the peripheral portion of the roller so that for each position of the roller about its axis, at least one of said channels for aspiration its outer end directed towards the skin being treated rollers, and its inner end, with the upstream communication is connected via control means to the inner end of at least another channel for aspiration, the outer end of which emerges in a free cavity (18, 62, 162) disposed within the housing. ! 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one or each of the rollers (20) comprises longitudinally extending bars (26) parallel to the axis (XX) of the roller and extending along the periphery of the roller at such a distance from each other which It enables the formation of channels (64


The combined effects of aridity and soil salinity limit the range of crops that can be cultivated in Kuwait and being a desert country, relies heavily on importation to meet the growing demand for forage. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), under the new strategic plan strives to develop modern agricultural technology to improve production performance of promising crops to meet food and forage demands. Hence, KISR initiated this activity to study the growth performance of forage barley genotypes under the harsh environmental conditions of Kuwait. 20 promising lines of barley were procured from Arab Center for the Study of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD) and evaluated during two succeeding seasons 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 at the Agricultural Research Station, Sulaibya. The results revealed the significant effect on thousand grains weight and grain yield during the two seasons. Number of days to heading was differed significantly in each season which varied from 65 to 80 with an average of 73 days in the first season and from 73 to 91 days with average 83 days in the second season. There was a reduction in number of days to maturity by 7 days in the first season as compared with second season. During the second season, average plant height recorded was about 36% more compared to the first season. Grain yields were significantly different among the genotypes which ranged from 39.62 to 20.99 g in the first season and from 49.44 to 28.17 g in the second season. Number of grains per spike was more in the second season and it showed a 17% increase compared with that of the first season. Regarding the harvest index, the second season recorded an average increase of about 49% as compared to the first season. Further investigations need to be carried out to draw the final conclusions regarding the suitability of the selected lines under Kuwait's conditions.


A 5.000 films collection that includes 100 years of great movies of different genres and a collection of approximately 18.000 audio copies including music LP's and CD's, a 3 generations work. It is a cultural entertainment center in Bogota which gives the capital the chance to revive experiences providing the music of ancient years, listened by their grandparents in the 30s, 40 their kids in 50's - 70's until 80's-90's generations, plus some entertainment and education on the movies world.


The article aims at evaluating the efficiency of public spending on primary schools in municipalities from the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland. This problem features high on the political agenda due to the pressures on public budget balance and the amount of public resources being spend on public education by the local authorities. There are three types of municipalities in Poland that establish and run public primary schools: urban, urban-rural and rural. In order to assess the efficiency of public spending on primary education in each type of municipalities in 2010–2014 a nonparametric method (Data Envelopment Analysis) was applied. The results obtained from the study indicate that urban municipalities achieved higher efficiency than urban-rural and rural municipalities. This finding is important while planning the financial transfers from the central budget to the local budgets where one of the criteria taken into consideration is the type of municipality. Moreover, the article presents a practical implication of the nonparametric approach to measure efficiency in the Polish local public sector.


[Objective] The purpose was to study the segregation characteristics of F2:3 family lines which were developed from the cross between a normal maize inbred 8984 and a high-oil inbred GY220 cross and analyze their correlation.[Method] Eight plant traits of F2:3 family lines were analyzed in summer sowing environment.[Result] The results showed that there were significant differences among F2:3 family lines for all plant traits.All traits showed normal distributions,with obvious segregations beyond the two parents.There were significant or highly significant positive correlations between plant height and ear height,top height,leaf number on ear,leaf area,length of tassel,tassel branch number,between top height and ratio of top height and plant height,leaf number above top ear,leaf area,length of tassel,tassel branch number,between ratio of top height and plant height and leaf number on ear,between leaf number on ear and leaf area,tassel branch number,ear height,length of tassel.While ratio of top height and plant height was the significant or highly significantly negatively correlated with plant height,ear height,leaf area,tassel branches.[Conclusion] The study provides a scientific basis for high-oil breeding and molecular heredity studies.


This section illustrates covers of political journals of varying political factions, both Rightist (often identified with the government) and Leftist (usually affiliated with the Communist Party), dated from 1919 to 1936. The degree of sectarian partisanship generally reflected the progressive radicalization of liberal and Leftist groups from the teens through the early mid-thirties. Despite the increasingly overt political focus of these journals, their covers reveal a consistent use of innovative design and modernist imagery.


ABSTRACT Few publications have related issues raised by the globalization of intellectual property legislation to the broader movement against economic globalization, or sought to situate such concerns within a theoretical framework. This paper illustrates unifying critiques among networks within the movement and applies a historical structuralist framework on the emerging global intellectual property rights regime in the area of medicinal and agricultural plants. The analysis highlights contemporary processes that might repeat colonial patterns of economic exploitation and underdevelopment. Ways in which anti-globalization networks have addressed concerns at the global and local level are illustrated. A new research agenda that would document and assess such alternatives is proposed.


Syntrichia caninervis is a stress-tolerant moss that has become an important experimental model for researches on desiccation tolerance and ecological restoration. However, its desiccation tolerance of In vitro culture remains poorly characterized. Here, we compared the morphological and physiological traits related to desiccation tolerance of regenerated mosses from Knop medium culture and sand substrate culture. In tissue culture, the explants first formed protonemata and then developed into gametophytes, whereas, the shoots grown on sand produced both protonemata and new gametophytes simultaneously. These results suggest the two regeneration patterns of S. caninervis have different phenotypic plasticity. Furthermore, under desiccation tolerance, the sand-cultured moss exhibits verrucose and spinous leaf surface, with higher abscisic acid (ABA) and trehalose contents than the tissue-cultured moss. However, the water responses during the processes of desiccation and rehydration were the same between the two cultured mosses, indicating that the two regenerated mosses possess the same desiccation-tolerant characteristics as wild mosses. By describing the desiccation tolerance of the two In vitro regenerated mosses, the findings of this study will help with efforts to provide sustainable and consistent materials for ongoing studies.


This study investigates the development of infants sensitivity to amodal temporal relations uniting the sights and sounds of naturalistic events as a function of whether the sights and sounds are spatially colocated versus dislocated. Prior research has demonstrated that young infants are excellent perceivers of amodal temporal information uniting visual and acoustic stimulation when the stimulation is relatively colocated. Further, research has also demonstrated an increasing sensitivity to colocation with age. Our prior research had demonstrated that infants of 2 -, 3 -, and 4 -months learned to relate moving objects and their natural impact sounds on the basis of amodal temporal information when the filmed objects and soundtracks were relatively co-located. In the present study, infants of the same ages were presented with the same habituation and test sequence, however, the images of the objects and their soundtracks were displaced by 90 degrees. Results indicated a significant age by condition interaction. Infants who received colocated films and soundtracks showed evidence of learning the amodal audio-visual relations at all three ages, whereas those who received dislocated films and soundtracks showed evidence of learning amodal temporal relations only at the youngest age. These results show that with development, colocation increasingly constrains intermodal learning about sights and sounds that are temporally related. These findings also support prior research demonstrating an increasing sensitivity to spatial colocation with age and are consistent with our prior findings of a pattern of increasing specificity in infant sensitivity to amodal relations. Introduction Research has demonstrated that infants are excellent perceivers of temporal information uniting sights and sounds in multimodal events. Moreover, infants show perceptual learning on the basis of temporal relations and this learning develops in order of increasing specificity, from global to more specific relations (Bahrick, 1992; 1994; in press). In contrast to the large body of research on infants sensitivity to temporal information, little research has been conducted on their detection of spatial information uniting sights and sounds. Recent research has, however, found that infants show a developmental trend of increasing reliance on co-location with age. Younger infants associated synchronous objects and sounds despite substantial violations in spatial co-location, whereas older infants did not (Morrongiello, Fenwick, & Nutley, 1998; Fenwick &Morrongiello 1998). The present study sought to extend our prior work on detection of temporal relations to the domain of spatial relations by investigating the developmental course of infants sensitivity to spatial co-location during intermodal learning about objects and their natural impact sounds. Our prior research (Bahrick, 1993; 1997) had demonstrated that infants of 2 -, 3 -, and 4 -months learn to relate moving objects and their natural impact sounds on the basis of amodal temporal information (temporal synchrony and temporal microstructure specifying object composition) when the filmed objects and soundtracks were relatively co-located. In the present study, infants of the same ages were presented with the same task, however, the image of the object and its soundtrack were displaced by 90 degrees. This allowed us to further test the general findings of Morrongiello, et. al (1998) using different methods, stimulus events, more extreme violations of co-location, and to assess intermodal learning of amodal relations rather than arbitrary associations. We hypothesized that younger infants would be better at intermodal learning, given Morrongiello s findings that sensitivity to spatial information increases with age. Method Infants were habituated to alternating videos of a single, large object producing a single, natural, synchronous impact sound (single object), and a cluster of smaller objects producing a more prolonged, complex, synchronous impact sound (compound object). (The objects are depicted in Figure 1). Control subjects (prior research; N = 168) received the soundtracks broadcast from a central speaker located next to the video display, whereas for experimental subjects (present study; N = 36) the speaker was located 90 degrees to the left or right of the video display. Following habituation, all infants received two test trials where the films and sounds were mismatched in one of two ways. Half the subjects received films and sounds that were asynchronous. The other half received the wrong sounds in synchrony with the objects. That is, the sounds of the single object were presented in synchrony with the motions of the compound object and vice versa. Visual recovery to the change in object-sound relations was measured to assess whether infants had learned to relate the objects and sounds.


The a-galactosidase A gene(GALA), whichisdeficient inmaleswithAnderson-Fabry disease, isshowntobe remarkablypolymorphic inthe5'untranslated region. GALA contains sevenexons. The firstexon contains60bp of 5' untranslated sequence beforethemethionineinitiation codon.Singlestrand conformationpolymorphism(SSCP) screening hasshownthreepolymorphic variants fromthepublished sequence withinthe60basepairs. Thesequence changes involved areC toT at-10,G to A at-12(whichremovesanMspIsite), andG toA at-30(whichremovesaSacII site). Thecombinedfrequency ofthese is 10%.A further insertion-deletion polymorphismisdetected by SSCP ofa 400bpfragment including exon3.Both polymorphisms canbe easily detected usingsmallpolyacrylamide gelsandethidiumbromidestaining. Nine of 20 women wereinformative foroneofthese polymorphisms andthissimpleSSCP analysis shouldbeofgreatassistance in familystudies ofAnderson-Fabry disease.Suchahighlevel ofpolymorphism hasnotbeenpreviously reported inthe5' untranslated region ofahumangeneand isunusualinanysuchshortstretch of DNA. (JMedGenet1993;30:658-63)


By using survey data and integrated analysis methods, This paper reveals the bottlenecks exist in the current travel E-commerce development in Hubei Province of China and explores the main strategies of intending tourism E-commerce innovation and development in Hubei Province. The significance of the study is: to provide a useful way of thinking for intending tourism E-commerce in the prominent personality characteristics, economies of scale, etc. in Hubei Province.


Abstract We compared two wild Salvia species found in Yugoslavia: S. aethiopis L. and S. verticillata L. Both oils contained β-caryophyllene as main constituent (27.5% and 13.3%, respectively), but differed by the presence of germacrene D (10.9%) andcaryophyllene oxide (6.4%) in the first, and γ-muurolene (10.3%) and trans-chrysanthenol (6.1%) in the second.


Automated Solid-Phase Extraction method for the Determination of Piperaquine in Capillary/Venous Blood applied on Sampling Paper by Rapid Liquid Chromatography


The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high‐fat meal on the single‐dose pharmacokinetics (PK) and tolerability of HMPL‐689 in Chinese healthy volunteers. In this study, 34 eligible male volunteers received a single 30‐mg dose of HMPL‐689 capsules following an overnight fast or a high‐fat breakfast prior to dosing. Blood samples were collected at the designated time points for pharmacokinetic analysis. Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. Total 32 healthy male volunteers were completed in the study. The GMRs of AUC0−t, AUC0−∞, and Cmax and their 90% CIs were 1.12 (1.09, 1.15), 1.12 (1.09, 1.15), and 0.64 (0.58, 0.70), respectively, in healthy male subjects after oral administration of HMPL‐689 following intake of a high‐fat diet versus under fasting state. The 90% CI of Cmax GMR fell outside the acceptable equivalent range (0.8–1.25). In addition, the median Tmax of HMPL‐689 was 1.0 and 4.0 h under the fasting and the fed conditions. The study indicated that intake of a high‐fat diet had an impact on the in vivo PK profile of HMPL‐689 in healthy Chinese male subjects, which could obviously reduce the oral absorption rate of HMPL‐689 and had little effect on the extent of oral absorption (AUC).


Supposedly, anti-inflammatory therapy in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) pts may reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.Assessment of the dynamics of atherosclerosis development based on changes of carotid artery intima-media thickness (caIMT) in pts with CPPD receiving anti-inflammatory therapy (colchicine, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine).The prospective study included 26 pts aged ≥18 years with a crystal-verified diagnosis of CPPD and osteoarthritis (OA). Exclusion criteria were age >65 years, presence of cardiovascular disease, carotid artery (CA) atherosclerosis according to ultrasound results, high or very high SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) index.The examination included anthropometric parameters, information about the affected joints and the time of onset of symptoms. Laboratory tests included determination of the following in blood serum: hs-CRP, lipid levels; SCORE index was calculated for all pts; CA Doppler ultrasonography (DU) was performed using the Esaote MyLab Twice ultrasound system (Italy). The manifestation of subclinical atherosclerosis was diagnosed in case of caIMT increase >0.9 mm. The criteria for the presence of an atherosclerotic plaque in the CA was a local caIMT increase of more than 50% compared to the surrounding areas or an caIMT increase >1.3 mm. CaIMT was measured at the first visit, then, pts with CPPD were administered methotrexate 15 mg/week or hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day or colchicine 0.5 mg twice daily. Pts could take NSAIDs to relieve pain. After 26-28 weeks, a second examination was carried out. Statistica 12.0 package was used for statistical data processing.The baseline values of caIMT in pts with CPPD and OA did not differ. 22 pts with CPPD and 19 with OA were examined in dynamics. Baseline caIMT >0.9 mm was detected in 11 of 22 (50%) pts with CPPD and in 8 of 19 (42%) pts with OA (p=0.39). CaIMT >0.9 mm was associated with an increase in hs-CRP levels >0.2 mg/l in 8 pts with CPPD. 9 of 19 (47%) pts with OA demonstrated an increase in caIMT averages, the values in other pts remained unchanged.By the end of the study, 14 of 22 (64%) pts with CPPD had a decrease in the average values of caIMT, in 2 (9%) pts - an increase, in 6 pts the average values of caIMT did not change. 7 of 11 pts with CPPD showed normalization of caIMT, 5 of them (45.5%) had a decrease in serum hs-CRP <2 mg/l.A decrease in the number of pts with CPPD and caIMT >0.9 mm from 11 (42%) to 4 (18%) pts was found. At the same time, in 8 pts with CPPD the serum hs-CRP level significantly decreased: baseline 6.02 [0.69; 6.4] mg/l vs at the end of study period 1.71 [0.78; 2.25] mg/l, p=0.043. Pts with OA demonstrated the constant level: baseline 2.13[0.22; 2.8] mg/l vs at th end of study period 3.06 [0.39; 6.38] mg/l, р=0.627.A decrease in mean values of caIMT was noted in 5 of 6 (83%) pts took hydroxychloroquine, in 6 of 9 (67%) pts took colchicine, in 4 of 7 (57%) pts – methotrexate.Therapy with colchicine, methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine in pts with CPPD leads to regression of early signs of atherosclerosis. This result can be achieved by suppressing chronic inflammation.Maxim Eliseev Speakers bureau: Berlin Chemie Menarini Group, Sobi, EGIS, CSC, MosFarma, Alium Group, Olga Sheliabina Speakers bureau: Berlin Chemie Menarini Group, Maria Chikina: None declared, Eugenia Markelova: None declared, Irina Kirillova: None declared


In their prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial, Su et al report that noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) used in all patients after extubation did not reduce re-intubation rate, when compared to standard oxygen therapy.[1][1] Nevertheless, we believe that the concept of "


In the multi-UAV task allocation problem, one task may need several UAVs with specific capabilities to form a coalition to execute cooperatively. In this paper, considering the UAV coalition loss cost and time cost, an improved quantum genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the task allocation problem of multi-UAV coalition. On the basis of quantum genetic algorithm, the historical optimal solution retention mechanism and estimation of distribution algorithm are introduced to speed up the convergence speed and reduce the probability falling into the local optimum of the algorithm, respectively. Then, a gene repair strategy is used to improve the efficiency of the algorithm according to the problem background. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has more advantages than other comparison algorithms in terms of search ability and convergence speed in solving the task allocation problem of multi-UAV coalition.


Little research has been made into the application of parametric urban design approaches to urban design in practice. On the part of urban design practitioners, lack of knowledge of parametric design, time constraints and a focus on day-to-day operations contribute to this situation. And on the part of parametric design researchers, lack of understanding of practice workflows, project types and media output types also contribute. The limited interaction between academia and practice in itself constitutes a barrier to changing the situation. This paper presents some first results from a research project aiming to overcome this barrier. The research design involves a theoretical framework for parameterising site design on the level of site layout, building forms and facade schemas. It also involves an analysis of typical workflows from urban design practice, as well as of the types of media which are typically used to present urban design projects.


In this edition of conference news, we round up on conferences on heart failure in India. The Cardiology Society of India held its first conference on heart failure in Indore. The Heart Failure Association of India held its meeting in Delhi. AIIMS, JNU and the Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences will conduct the Heart Failure Certification Program in October in JNU.


The effects of tree density on the distribution of tree and pasture roots under an agroforestry experiment were investigated. Trees were planted in a Nelder fan design, and three planting densities of 21 50,304 and 82 stems per hectare were chosen for this study. Proximity to trees and increase in tree density reduced pasture root growth, with lowest concentrations of pasture roots occurring under the highest tree density. Tree root systems were deeper and denser at high tree densities, although total length and mass of roots produced per tree decreased with increasing tree density. Tree root:shoot ratios increased as tree density decreased owing to greater root production at low tree densities.


The testing system "Archimedes" is designed for assessment of student's knowledge in whatever discipline of university curriculum. The determination of the field's discipline is given by generating of suitable database, containing questions and answers for the curriculum material. The dialog between the system and the tested student is clear and precludes any difficulties (misunderstandings). The system use allows the tested studying material and the visual environment both to be introduced in Latin alphabet (English) or in Cyrillic alphabet (Bulgarian). The system can be downloaded through the Internet by the customers, who want to check the level of their knowledge in certain subject. The system is based on the University server and its downloading could be done from the department of Programming and computer system applications - "PIIS". The tested student carries out the test by himself, using the computer system connected with internet and via e-mail returns the result as file. The tested student doesn't have the possibility neither to change the content of the database, nor to check and alter the test results. The subject tutor checks the students tests with the system and publishes in the department site the test results. The system gives the opportunity of group test in computer rooms with flock of students in different disciplines. The test results can be transferred through local network in the respective folder "Test N" in the computer of the tutor who tests the students. Using the system by the customers doesn't require any special hardware and software resources. Fairly enough is presence of computer system with operating system Windows 95+.


Eight researchers with ties to the chemical sciences are among 19 individuals being honored with the National Academy of Sciences' 2018 awards. The winners will receive their awards during NAS's annual meeting in April. Adriaan Bax, Distinguished Investigator at the National Institutes of Health, will receive the $20,000 NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing for his contributions to structural biology. Rodolphe Barrangou, associate professor of food science and the Todd R. Klaenhammer Distinguished Scholar in Probiotics Research at North Carolina State University, is the recipient of the $100,000 NAS Prize in Food & Agriculture Sciences for his discovery of the genetic mechanisms and proteins driving CRISPR/Cas systems. Howard Y. Chang, the Virginia & D. K. Ludwig Professor of Cancer Genomics & of Genetics at Stanford University School of Medicine, will receive the $25,000 NAS Award in Molecular Biology for his discovery of long noncoding RNAs and their applications to new genomic


Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) have become attractive candidates for 2D electronics and optoelectronics. While several concepts for light emitting devices have been reported, many of them realized using exfoliated TMDC flakes of micrometer size, only few approaches tackle the challenge of upscaling to relevant device sizes. We demonstrate a light emitting diode based on WS2 monolayers in a scalable design. The devices are fabricated by combining two industrially relevant deposition processes in a vertical p-n architecture: Metal organic CVD (MOCVD) is used to realize the optically active WS2 monolayers, while ZnO deposited by spatial atomic layer deposition (sALD) is employed as an electron injection layer on the cathode side. Organic layers spin-coated on an ITO covered glass substrate provide hole injection and transport. The resulting devices exhibit rectifying behavior and red electroluminescence from an area of 6 mm2.


In this issue of Pediatrics , Tchou et al1 perform a retrospective analysis of administrative data and find that children's hospitals differ in their use of electrolyte testing for common inpatient conditions such as constipation and gastroenteritis. This should not come as a surprise. It is well established that children's hospitals differ in management and outcomes for many common conditions.2 However, this study demonstrates a bigger problem. Hospitals have similar testing patterns across conditions, even after adjusting for patient factors. In other words, some hospitals test at either high or low rates regardless of the condition. As the authors state, there appears to be "a culture of testing."

The variability reported by Tchou et al1 is likely a function of both underuse and overuse. Whereas underuse is problematic, overuse of medical tests is a public health problem. It is an expensive and ethical problem affecting the health and well-being of entire hospitals and communities.3 The Congressional Budget Office estimates that doctors spend up to 5% of the national gross domestic product on …

Address correspondence to Joel S. Tieder, MD, MPH, Division of General Pediatrics and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, 4800 Sand Point Way, T-1201, Seattle, WA 98105. E-mail: joel.tieder{at}seattlechildrens.org


ABSTRACT This study examines the effect of public funding and its lag structure on research outputs in higher academic technical institutions of India. It contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the determinants of academic publications and patents in the developing country context. We use panel data of actual yearly expenditure of 54 comparable scientific departments of the Indian Institutes of Technology from 2009–2010 to 2013–2014. The results highlight the need for increased funding for operational activities of the institutes as it is positively associated with publication and patent intensity.


The embodiment of the invention discloses an experimental device and method based on a temporal bone model. The device comprises a sound output device, a sound receiver, a master controller and the temporal bone model; the sound output device comprises a first output end which is arranged at an inlet of a sound conduction path of the temporal bone model in a sealed mode, the sound receiver comprises a first receiving end which is arranged at an outlet of the sound conduction path of the temporal bone model in a sealed mode, and the master controller is connected with the sound output device and the sound receiver. Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention further provides the experimental method based on the temporal bone model. According to the technical scheme, the influence degree of temporal bone nidus vespae with different gasification degrees and gas states on vascular tinnitus is researched conveniently, by making different types of temporal bone models, the purpose that research on sound change by designing different experimental conditions for multiple factors is achieved, and an effective method is provided for conducting deep-going research on the vascular tinnitus.


This work focuses on developing a data-driven framework using Koopman operator theory for system identification and linearization of nonlinear systems for control. Our proposed method presents a deep learning framework with recursive learning. The resulting linear system is controlled using a linear quadratic control. An illustrative example using a pendulum system is presented with simulations on noisy data. We show that our proposed method is trained more efficiently and is more accurate than an autoencoder baseline.


The aim of the research was to evaluate the knowledge and perspectives of students of the School of Library Science (SLC) on Information Management (IM). On the specific objectives sought to identify the professional interest in deepening the theme and acting as the Information Manager; to point if, in view of the research subjects, the librarians and information managers activities are attributable to both professions; were compared the similarities / differences regarding the Management of Information among Professionals Complementary Course (PCC) and trainees subscribed in the course "Information Management", to consider whether the subject "Information Management" contributes to better visualize the activity of Information Management. The method that characterized the research was exploratory. The research took place at the Universidade de Campinas, specifically in School of Library Science. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire that contained questions about the socioeconomic profile of respondents and issues related to IM. The participants were 17 PCCs and 18 trainees, duly registered in the discipline of Information Management in 2009. It was found that the subjects involved in the study had good knowledge of the activity of IM would like to act as managers of information and also had an interest in furthering their knowledge attending graduate school.


Dear Editor, Regarding the article recently published by Junquera E et al1. in which we have been referred2, we agree with the authors in considering the cystic duct cyst (CDC) as a type VI in Todani's classification, where 5 different types of biliary cysts are described3,4: Type I, choledochal cyst, wich is subdivided into Ia or cystic dilatation, Ib or segmental dilatation without anomalous pancreatobiliary junction (APBJ), and Ic or fusiform, diffuse or cilindric dilatation with APBJ. Type II describes a supraduodenal diverticulum; Type III a choledococele; Type IV are intra and extrahepatic cysts (IVa) or multiple extrahepatic cysts (IVb); and Type V solitary or multiple intrahepatic dilatations (some of them can be considered Caroli's disease). Cystic dilatation can excepcionally affect only the cystic duct. For this rare entity, Serena-Serradel proposed its inclusion as the sixth type back in 1992: "isolated cystic duct cyst"5. Later, subtype VIa has been proposed for isolated CDC, and VIb for those associated other cysts, mainly of the main bile duct (MBD)2. It should be noted that when there is a narrow drainage of the cystic duct into a normal MBD, cholecystectomy with excision of the CDC is enough from the oncological perspective. However, if MBD presents cystic anomalies or the drainage of the cystic duct is excessively wide, these CDC should not be considered as type VI, but type II (supraduodenal diverticulum). Besides, due to the oncogenic potential that extrahepatic biliary cysts entail, in these cases resection of all the cystic segments should be mandatory, and this is usually associated to a bilioenteric reconstruction through a Roux en Y hepaticojejunostomy. In summary, isolated CDC is a different type from the previously described cysts. A modification in Todani's classification would be necessary to include it as type VI or type VIa.


In this paper,eight main economy characters which were distributed in the 30 different part boll on BM1、BM6、 YM668 and HN109 were analyzed by Canonical correlation analysis and factor analysis.The result indicated that with the raise of high boll weight(rux1=0.6980),the lint percent(rux2=0.6556) would increase together,the uniformity(rux8=0.5399) and strength(rux6=0.3197) increased indirectly,but it would lead to certain degree disadvantage influence to the length(rux4=-0.3197) and micronaire(rux5=0.4799).


Every few years, we're wowed by news of some jaw-dropping sum paid for a previously unknown painting or drawing by a famous artist. But how can a buyer truly be sure that a piece is a legitimate creation of, say, Leonardo or Gauguin? Mathematicians at Dartmouth College, in Hanover, N.H., may have the answer. They recently presented a computer-based statistical analysis technique which they say will help art historians and conservators discover even the most skilled forgery.


Biosafety Lab is a special building for studying virus and bacteria etc. Due to the imperfaction of the related rules?standards and management cagulations and angencies,there are a lot of problems and even the potential safety risk in the design, construction, acceptance and management of biosafety lab.This paper discusses the questions in the design and construction of biosafety Lab. in order to provide information for the user, designer and constructor of biosafety Lab.


Abstract Aims Subclinical myocardial damage is not uncommon in COVID-19 patients, likely reflecting a combination of direct viral toxicity with the activation of an uncontrolled autoimmune response usually developing during the cytokine storm phase. Whilst myocardial involvement in hospitalized patients has been extensively described in literature, no data are currently available for non-hospitalized individuals. Present study aimed to explore prevalence and impact on patients' management of myocardial damage detected with CMR, in a cohort of consecutive non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infection patients. Methods and results We conducted a single centre prospective observational study on 31 consecutive patients with previous COVID-19 who underwent CMR between October 2020 and June 2021 without requiring hospital admission. Myocarditis was defined by CMR according to the revised Lake Louise Criteria (LLC), if at least one criterion was positive: T2-based marker for myocardial oedema and T1-based marker for associated myocardial injury. Our patients' cohort included 31 individuals with a mean age of 42.5 ± 17.4 years (20 males; 64.5%) with mean follow-up time of 365.8 ± 89 days between first positive PCR and last clinical evaluation. CMR evidence of cardiac involvement was observed in six patients (19.3%)—including two acute (of which one with pericardial inflammation), one subacute and three healed myocarditis. CMR abnormalities were associated with a higher percentage of palpitations (83% vs. 24%, P = 0.013) and chest pain (66% vs. 16%, P = 0.026) during the active phase of COVID-19. In all CMR positive cases, a tailored therapeutic approach was established consisting with the administration of cardioactive therapy with beta-blockers. All cases were uneventful during the follow-up period. Conclusions Our data showed a 19.3% prevalence of unexpected/subclinical myocardial involvement in a cohort of 31 consecutive non-hospitalized patients with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. CMR findings were retrospectively associated with cardiac symptoms during the acute phase and yielded a change in clinical and therapeutic management in all positive cases. A better knowledge of symptomatic course of COVID-19 could help physicians to adequately select individuals in which CMR may show signs of cardiac damage.


The Pech Merle spotted horses have been one of the key lines of evidence put forward in support of the notion Upper Palaeolithic cave depictions relate to a concern for the supernatural. Recent findings from genetics has cast doubt on this notion in confirming that such horses actually existed during the Upper Palaeolithic in Europe and therefore it is possible real, rather than fictitious, horses were being portrayed. As well as examining criticisms in response to this finding, the present paper presents further evidence to support the possibility real horses were portrayed and the implications for explanations that continue to rely on the supernatural.


A mathematical model is developed for the prediction of plume properties such as excess plume temperature, humidity and liquid phase moisture (water droplet), plume trajectory, width, and dilution at the merging locations and the beginning and ending points of the visible part of the plumes. Detailed printout and contour plots of excess temperature and moisture distribution can also be obtained if desired. Based on comparison with laboratory data this model gives good predictions for the case of dry plumes (no moisture involved). It should be noted that several empirical coefficients are as yet not accurately known. Verification of this model for the wet plume (such as for prototype cooling tower plumes) and the determination of the values for these empirical coefficients to be used in prototype applications must await detailed comparison with field data.


Background: Although the rat is extensively used as a laboratory model, the inability to utilize germ line-competent rat embryonic stem (ES) cells has been a major drawback for studies that aim to elucidate gene functions. Recently, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) were successfully used to create genome-specific double-stranded breaks and thereby induce targeted gene mutations in a wide variety of organisms including plants, drosophila, zebrafish, etc. Methodology/Principal Findings: We report here on ZFN-induced gene targeting of the rat interleukin 2 receptor gamma (Il2rg) locus, where orthologous human and mouse mutations cause X-linked severe combined immune deficiency (X-SCID). Co-injection of mRNAs encoding custom-designed ZFNs into the pronucleus of fertilized oocytes yielded genetically modified offspring at rates greater than 20%, which possessed a wide variety of deletion/insertion mutations. ZFN-modified founders faithfully transmitted their genetic changes to the next generation along with the severe combined immune deficiency phenotype. Conclusions and Significance: The efficient and rapid generation of gene knockout rats shows that using ZFN technology is a new strategy for creating gene-targeted rat models of human diseases. In addition, the X-SCID rats that were established in this study will be valuable in vivo tools for evaluating drug treatment or gene therapy as well as model systems for examining the treatment of xenotransplanted malignancies. Citation: Mashimo T, Takizawa A, Voigt B, Yoshimi K, Hiai H, et al. (2010) Generation of Knockout Rats with X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (XSCID) Using Zinc-Finger Nucleases. PLoS ONE 5(1): e8870. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008870 Editor: Ellen A. A. Nollen, University Medical Center Groningen, Netherlands Received November 12, 2009; Accepted January 4, 2010; Published January 25, 2010 Copyright: 2010 Mashimo et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported in part by a grant-in-aid for cancer research from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com


Abstract:In her story of an expatriate author in Peru whose book gets resold in a bowdlerized version, Sophie Hardach attempts to reconcile her appreciation for protections against intellectual piracy with her sympathy for readers in poorer countries who buy pirated books at cut-rate prices.


As part of the header decoding circuit for a 100-Gb/s ring local area network, a soliton-dragging NOR gate followed by a soliton-trapping AND gate that can operate up to bit rates of 0.2 THz was demonstrated. The soliton-dragging NOR gate has a time-shift-keyed output, while the soliton-trapping AND gate converts the time shifts to an energy contrast. Even with timing jitter and coupling losses, the measured output energy contrast is approximately 12:1. The experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation.<<ETX>>


An innovative training program to improve the quality of child care for all children including those with disabilities was developed, implemented, and evaluated over a 5-year time span with child caregivers working primarily in inner city child care programs. A total of 283 directors and child caregivers participated in 1 of 15 courses that used the infant-toddler (n = 8) or preschool (n = 7) curricula of the training program. Each training curricula presented age-specific content in didactic class sessions scheduled across a 3- to 4-month time period. These class sessions were combined with three on-site consultation visits and an out-of-class assignment. Following participation in the training program, quality of care increased in infant-toddler and preschool classrooms. Before and after training, caregivers' interactions with children were characterized as neither punitive nor detached but with only moderate levels of positive interaction and permissiveness.


The early domestic 300 MW impulse steam turbine has poor economical efficiency and hidden safety troubles;so it is necessary to reform its flow passage to overcome its defects.Using the three-dimensional thermal design technology,the flow passage of the turbine in a power plant was reformed.After the reformation,the heat consumption,the safety function and other indexes of the unit achieve or close to the designed value.The result of this paper provides reference for reformation of flow passage of similar units.


Objective To induce tolerance in transplantation of hepatocytes differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by using semimature dendritic cells (smDCs).Methods Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-stained D3-ESCs in the 129 mice were differentiated into hepatocytes by methods we previously reported.Myeloid smDCs were derived from the 129 mice in vitro also as we previously reported.Then,BALB/C mice (recipients) were firstly injected with smDCs (1.0 × 105 cells per mouse).Three days later,hepatocytes differentiated from D3-ESCs in the 129 mice as cell suspension were poured into BALB/C mice liver capsule (2.0 × 106 cells per mouse).Thereafter,histopathological examinations of the hepatocytes graft were performed.The serum ALT,total bilirubin (TB) and the survival rate of hepatocytes graft were also determined.At the same time,the levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in the recipients were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results As compared with control group,the survival time of the allograft of D3-ESC-hepatocytes was prolonged when BALB/C mice received the 129 mice smDCs.CD4+ lymphocytes infiltration was significantly reduced in smDC group.The blood levels of IL-10 in smDC group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05),but those of IL-2 in smDC group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05).Moreover,pathological examination demonstrated that transplanted cells and recipient cells were well arranged and express albumin in smDC group.Conclusion Donor smDCs could induce partly tolerance in allotransplantation of ESC-hepatocytes.Pre-treatment of recipients with donor smDCs has potential for ESC-derived cells allotransplantion.

Key words:
Dendritic cell;  Embryonic stem cell;  Hepatocyte ransplantation;  Transplantation tolerance


In the article modern mechanisms of realization of government transport politics and theirs influence to socio-economic development are considered. Special attention is given to the mechanism of strategic management which become actively used in Russia.


We have been surveying incidences in this country of drug resistant bacteria and their conjgative R plasmids isolated from cultured fish and the culturing poud water. We found out the high incidences of drug resistant bacteria and their conjugative R plasmids in various fish culturing fields.Since high amounts of chemotherapeutics have been widely used for fish diseases in this country, it is no wonder to have high incidences of drug resistant bacteria. To evaluate the effects of environmental factors on high incidences of drug resistant bacteria, we surveyed incidences of drug resistant bacteria and their conjugative R plasmids in fish culturing fields in U. S. A.We visited 74 fish culturing farms in eight fish culturing areas in the mid-summer of 1974 and sampled cultured fish and the culturing pond water. Average numbers of bacteria detected in fish intestines was 3.5 ×106/g intestinal materials and incidences of bacteria resistant to sulfonamide, streptomycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 1.7%, 1.4%, 0.31% and 0.95%, respectively.Drug resistant bacteria were isolated from Salmonide fish and catfish with relatively high frequencies. Average number of bacteria detected in culturing pond water was 4.3 ×103/ml and incidences of bacteria resistant to sulfonamide, streptomycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 2.8%, 8.5%, 3.5% and 3.8%, respectively. In general, incidences of drug resistant bacteria were higher in water than in intestines. All the results indicated that incidences of drug resistant bacteria in U.S.A. were far lower than those in this country.High proportion of the drug resistant bacteria isolated from the intestinal materials belonged to Enterobacteriaceae. Genera of the isolated bacteria were Escherichia, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Hafnia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus and other unidentified bacteria in the order of the isolation frequencies. Genera of the drug resistant bacteria isolated from culturing pond water were the same as those from the intestinal materials except Proteus. In this surveillance, we isolated no drug resistant fish-pathogens, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, and Edwardsiella tarda. This is quite different from the results which we had obtained in this country, where we had been isolated many drug resistant fish pathogenic bacteria from the intestines of healthy fish and pond water as well as from diseased fish. There are many reports on fish diseases in U.S.A. caused by bacteria. However, most of them might be caused by drug sensitive bacteria, since we did not isolate in U.S.A. any drug resistant bacteria pathogenic for fish. Thus, most of the drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from cultured fish might be selected in other fields, such as in domestic animal farms and city sewerage.Conjugative R plasmids were detected in 14 out of 532 drug resistant bacterial strains (2.6%). All the conjugative R plasmids were detected in the strains belonged to Enterobacteriaceae, and most of the R+ strains were isolated from materials from catfish farms. High water temperature and no water change might allow the growth of Enterobateria contaminated by the materials from human and domestic animals. Drug resistance markers of the detected conjugative R plasmids were combinations of sulfonamide-, streptomycin-, tetracycline- and kanamycin-resistances and no chloramphenicol- or ampicillin-resistance. These combination patterns of drug resistance were different from those detected in the fish pathogenic bacteria in Japan, but rather close to those detected in bacteria isolated from domestic animals in this country.


This study aimed to identify the reality of using Darsak platform and its obstacles By the Teachers Of primary school in southern Amman schools in Light of the Corona pandemic COVID-19. The study used the descriptive survey approach, and to collect data, a questionnaire was developed on the reality of using For Darsak platform and its obstacles By the Teachers Of primary school it's consisted of (53) items, and their validity and reliability were confirmed. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample of (143) male and female teachers in schools in southern Amman. The results of the study showed that the responses of the study sample were in agreement with a medium degree to the reality of using Darsak platform by the Teachers Of primary school in southern Amman schools in Light of the Corona pandemic COVID-19 from there point of view. The most important recommendations of the study was to encourage primary school teachers to use Darsak platform to a large extent, and to spread the importance of e-learning among the elements of the educational process and to parents.


In line with their support for the Kyoto Protocol, a number of forward-looking countries have adopted strategies across a range of areas, including waste management, with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Methane is predominant among these emissions from the waste sector, as it is generated from the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in landfills. In western Europe,where the drive for better environmental practices and technologies has generally preceded other countries, there has been a strong movement away from landfilling as a final disposal option towards recycling, and incineration with energy recovery and flue gas cleaning. In other countries, notably Australia, Britain and the United States, where there is still strong public antipathy to incineration, the debate on whether residual waste from the recycling of solid waste should be landfilled or incinerated still continues. Given the urgency for measures to address the global warming problem effectively, this article examines the latest data and published studies to identify which of the cited technologies – landfill disposal, landfill disposal with methane recovery for flaring or energy recovery, or thermal recycling – is better in terms of reducing GHG emissions. It investigates incineration as a preferred option for mitigating the greenhouse impact of waste treatment, also looking in detail at Australian GHG emissions by way of example, and discussing other environmental aspects of the technologies. Current status of waste management approaches Figure 1 compares the status of the various waste management approaches used in western Europe, North America and Australia. In western Europe, a large proportion of waste incineration plants also involve the recovery of thermal energy.


This study seeks to contribute to the growing body of scholarship about the Internet's role in authoritarian and transitioning countries. Based on two original surveys of Russian and Ukrainian Internet users, online behaviors were classified as either primarily capital enhancing or recreational in terms of their democratic potential. Indirect and differential models of how these types of Internet use are associated with citizen demand for democracy were tested using serial mediation. Capital-enhancing use exhibited an indirect positive effect on demand for democratic governance by increasing critical appraisals of the incumbent regime, whereas recreational Internet was associated with satisfactory evaluations of non-democratic regimes and more entrenched authoritarian worldviews.


The purpose of this research is the analysis of functioning of the centers of intellectual support of politics in unstable political systems. The author has systematized data on centers of intellectual support of politics operating in Latin America.


This study uses robust time series technique [autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)] in order to determine the direction of causality between the food prices and money supply. Empirical results show unidirectional causality from money supply to food prices in Pakistan. Hence the money supply is not neutral in long run determining food prices. Therefore it recommended that in Pakistan monetary policy instrument can use to control inflation in general and food inflation in particular case. But this study is also prominences on the mutual understanding between the monetary and food price regularity authority.


This paper focuses on the situation in Italy with specific reference to cooperatives. It aims to analyse their economic situation - represented by two profitability ratios (ROI, ROE) - during the decade 2004-2013. It aims to tests the impact of crisis, geographical area and belonging business sector. Starting from secondary data on AIDA database (at the end 1,446 cooperatives), the trend analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) have been used. The findings show, first of all, that the profitability of cooperatives strongly affected by crisis. Secondly, only the business sector affects the level of profitability. The analysis is interesting because the income has a special meaning in cooperatives: it should, in fact, be added to benefiting members that are accounted for as 'peculiar' management costs.


In this paper, the assessment and modelling of alternative renewable energy systems for Masirah Island is considered. The hybrid system that is simulated comprises various combinations of wind turbines and/or photovoltaic (PV) supplemented with diesel generators and short-term battery storage. It was found from the analysis that the PV–wind–diesel hybrid system, with battery unit, has the lowest cost values as compared to solar-only or wind–diesel hybrid systems. Furthermore, the study illustrates that for a given hybrid system the presence of battery storage will reduce diesel consumption. The decrease in carbon emission, the percentage of fuel savings, the cost of energy production and the effect of wind and PV penetration are also addressed in this paper. The PV–wind–diesel hybrid option is techno-economically viable for the electrification of the Masirah Island.


In light of the lack of studies into the value of network neutrality to consumers, BEREC has commissioned a European (CR; CZ; EL; SE) mixed-methods study to explore this issue. This paper presents selected results of this study. To understand the value of network neutrality to European consumers, one first has to explore the role that the Internet plays in consumers' lives. We find that whilst the Internet has become very important to the majority of consumers across the four test areas studied in this paper, its role in consumers' lives differs greatly depending on the national culture, but also to some extent on the quality of Internet access available in the specific country. Consumers usually find being able to access all content and applications on the Internet fundamental to their quality of experience. They do not want to see their access restricted in any way, but many find it fair if emergency relief services or the police receive prioritised access. The same is true if others pay extra for prioritised access to specific applications as long as this does not compromise the experience of those who do not pay extra. Taking a closer look at consumers' understanding and conceptualisation of network neutrality supports that consumers do not have a clear understanding of the concept. However, they care strongly about the effects deviations from network neutrality have for their own quality of experience or the quality of experience of others. The conjoint analysis conducted for this study highlights the importance of network neutrality-related product attributes for consumers' purchase decisions. In fact, they make up around half of their purchase decisions for at home Internet access. A closer analysis of the part-worth utilities reveals a surprising preference for the best effort Internet access to applications over the prioritised one. It seems likely that this result is due to their lack of experience with prioritised services. The paper discusses various alternative explanations of this preference pattern. In line with expectations, the conjoint analysis also finds that any restrictions of consumers' access results in a significantly reduced willingness-to-pay for their at home Internet access.


Abstract In this paper, we develop a numerical model capable of predicting the apparent contact angle and the wetting state of liquid droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces using Surface Evolver. Specifically, our work investigates the effect of microscopic surface topology on contact angle and the state of wettability. Accordingly, surfaces with four different pillar geometries were investigated: square, cylindrical, parabolic, and conical. The performance of superhydrophobic surfaces was also tested for different solid-liquid material combinations. Our results reveal that cylindrical pillars prevent the transition from Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel wetting state at lower Young contact angles. Furthermore, superhydrophobic surfaces lose their repellency against organic liquids. Nonetheless, a surface with inverted conical pillars is both superhydrophobic and superoleophobic. Graphical Abstract


Recently, an alternative robust control chart based on a new robust estimator known as minimum vector variance (MVV) estimator, , was introduced in Phase II. was able to detect out-of-control signal and simultaneously control false alarm rate even as the dimension increased. However, the estimated UCLs of are large as compared to the traditional chart. In this study, we improved the MVV estimators in terms of consistency and bias. The result showed great improvement in the control limit values while maintaining its good performance in terms of false alarm and probability of detection.


Relative age effect is chronological difference between kids born on different time in calendar year. It affects on discrimination in selection at youth sport players in most sports, so in soccer. Aim of this reaserch was to determine wether there are differences between observed groups in variables of anthropometry, motoric abilities and test for evaluation of soccer skills. Sample of test subjects was 104 youth soccer players (U-11) from soccer clubs acrooss the Croatia. Results showed that there is no siginficant difference in variables of anthropometry between observed groups. However, in variables of motoric abilities group of subjects born in 1st quartile had siginificant better results than groups of subjects born in 3rd and 4th quartile only in one variable, medicine ball throw. Also in tests for evaluation of soccer skills significant difference in results is shown between 1st quartile and 2nd and 4th quartile in one of two tests. It's test of slalom between cones with ball. Looking at results of distribution of subjects by quartiles it is seen that from 104 subjects, 61 (58,65%) was born in first six months of calendar year. It can be concluded the existence of relative age effect within tested subjects and that there are statistically significant differences in certain variables of motor skills and tests for assessment of football technique between subjects. For more detailed conclusion it must be much larger sample of subjects for more valid results.


Understanding functional properties of materials is key to a variety of applications in materials science and engineering. Voltage modulated atomic force microscopy modes have enabled insight into functional behaviour and interface phenomena including electromechanical coupling, electrochemical processes and charge distribution, which can be correlated to structural information obtained from topography. In this article, an overview of voltage modulated techniques is provided and their operational principles and capabilities are discussed.


ABSTRACT The 15th Malaysian General Elections (GE15), the first since the Covid pandemic lockdown, were supposed to bring back political stability, after three different prime ministers since 2018. The results were inconclusive with no single coalition winning the bare minimum to form a government. The King then asked Anwar Ibrahim to form a new government. The biggest surprise was the rise of Parti Islam Malaysia (PAS), which became the single largest party in Parliament. Another surprise was UMNO supporting Anwar to be prime minister. The role played by the King and the Malay rulers raised questions about the state of constitutional monarchy in Malaysia. PAS's victory will have a profound impact on Malaysia's reputation as a moderate Islamic country and will accelerate the trend towards Islamic identity politics.


Dialect is a variety of a language associated with a particular group of speakers and mutually intelligibility with other varieties. Moreover, dialect is strictly speaking, to differences of vocabulary and grammar as well as pronunciation.
This research observed the patois dialect used by Sumenep people in Maduranese gional language, because the researcher was very familiar with those dialects. The focus of this research was to know the characteristics of dialect varieties, the differences and the similarities of vocabularies used by Kangean and Kalianget people and also the factors which influenced them. The researcher was interested to investigate those dialects due to the fact even though they lived in the same location, they have different language spoken, especially vocabulary used.
The researcher used a descriptive qualitative design to answer the questions because she conducted her research by naturally observing the existing of patois dialect used by Kalianget and Kangean people. The research subjects were the people who were born in Kalianget and Kangean, 5 people from Kalianget and 5 people from Kangean. The researcher took the secondary data from other information related to the phenomena of research environment, such as; map. For the data collection, this research used informal interview and took her position as a complete participant.
The result of this research showed that there were four characteristics of dialect varieties used by Kangean and Kalianget people they are: the sound spelling, the morphology, the homograph, and the homonym. Moreover, there were found some differences and similarities in vocabularies that used by those people, for example: soduh, sendok, jeo, jeu, etc. Lastly, the factors that influence the differences and the similarities of patois vocabularies used by Sumenep people in Kangean and Kalianget were geographical position, historical stories, and technology development.


The H4 parallel robot is a new type of parallel machine with four degrees of freedom. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the H4 stiffness, that is to say the displacement response of the terminal travelling plate when it is submitted to a given force. Robot kinematics is described and information about parallel kinematics machine is given. Firstly, the experimental setup used to measure prototype stiffness is presented, which allows us to obtain real data and also to take into account geometry defaults and clearance between parts (backlash). Secondly, a Finite Element Analysis is described, including a multi-beam articulated model where all the joints are translated into displacement relaxations. Finally, results of both methods are compared and conclusions on the current robot design are drawn.


PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Unit Palimanan is a cement company located in Gempol Subdistrict, Cirebon District of West Java Province. Research location is in Quarry trass material kedongdong where mining activities do by PT Karya Kita Putra Pertiwi. Trass material mining activities currently carried out using 1 unit Excavator Kobelco SK-200 and 10 units Dump Truck Mitshubishi Fuso 6x4 HD FN 527 MS. The distance from the mining front to crusher is 5,487 m.
The problem that occurred at this time is not reached its production target of trass material of 2,400 ton/day. The current actual production of the excavator is 2,247 ton/day and for dump truck is 2,086 ton/day. This is due to the optimal amount of bulk loading bucket..
Efforts can be made so that the production target of trass material by improving the circulation time of the equipment and increasing the bulk of the loading bucket. The loading time of loading excavator after repairs from 0.25 minutes to 0.22 minutes and the transport time of dump truck from 46,32 minutes to 44.5 minutes. After repairs circulation time of the equipment, the production capacity is 2,554 ton/day for excavator and 2,171 ton/day for dump truck.
After repairs the circulation time of the equipment, production of dump truck has still not been achieved, so it is necessary to increasing the bulk of the loading bucket from 17 bucket to 19 bucket and change circulation time of dump truck from 44.5 minutes to 44,96 minutes. After increasing the bulk of the loading bucket, the production of dump truck becomes 2,401 ton/day and the production of excavator is 2,554 ton/day. Thus the production target of trass material of 2,400 ton/day can be met.


Jizhong depression is located in the northwestern part of the North China basin. Extensive seismic work and exploratory drilling have led to the discovery of several oil fields, including Renqiu field. After detailed analysis of this area, the writer came to the following conclusions. (1) Eleven major pre-Tertiary blocks present in this depression are the products of the Himalayan orogeny, but were controlled by the structural pattern of the Yenshan movement. (2) The center of block faulting gradually shifted. Activity had a pulsating pattern, sometimes stronger and sometimes weaker. These blocks have been subjected to multiple processes of disruption and combination, not only by tensile, but also by torsional stresses. (3) The development of block activities led to uniqu sedimentary buildups in each period. (4) At least 10 types of traps have been identified. Each of them has a definite spatial distribution. In this area, there are mainly three series of oil and gas pools--buried hill, Tertiary, and Paleozoic-Sinian. Because most of the exploration efforts in this area have been expended on the buried hill, there still is excellent potential for future petroleum exploration in the Jizhong depression.


The coprime probability and graph have been studied for various groups by many researchers focusing on the generalization of the probability part. For the coprime graph, the types and properties of the graph have been investigated and the patterns that can be found within a group are analysed. The coprime probability of a group is defined as the probability that the order of a random pair of elements in the group are relatively prime or coprime. Meanwhile, the coprime graph can be explained as a graph whose vertices are elements of a group and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if the greatest common divisor of the order of the first vertex and order of the second vertex is equal to one. It was unfortunate that the exploration of probabilities and graphs of groups have not considered both the n-th coprime probability and its graph that ultimately became the target in this research. Hence, the newly defined terms are then used to find the generalizations of the n-th coprime probability and the n-th coprime graphs for some dihedral groups. The types and properties of the graphs are also discussed in this research.


Although nurses have considerable knowledge about the health promotion practices of caring for self, little is known about women with substance use disorders and their patterns of self care. Leininger's (1991) ethnonursing method is used to understand the culture care value and beliefs of women during addiction and recovery. Both etic and emic views contribute to a reflective analysis of the field experience and guide interpretation of life ways expressed by women in the study. Themes concerning the women's pain and suffering, and their culture care beliefs of caring for self are discussed: relieving the pain, relieving the stress of addiction and recovery, and relieving the guilt of harming others.