The genetic tractability of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has made it a key model organism for basic research and a target for metabolic engineering. To streamline the introduction of tagged genes and compartmental markers with powerful CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing tools we constructed a Markerless Yeast Localization and Overexpression (MyLO) CRISPR-Cas9 toolkit with three components: (i) a set of optimized S. pyogenes Cas9-guide RNA (gRNA) expression vectors with five selectable markers and the option to either pre-clone or co-transform the gRNAs; (ii) vectors for the one-step construction of integration cassettes expressing an untagged or GFP/RFP/HA-tagged gene of interest at one of three levels, supporting localization and overexpression studies; and (iii) integration cassettes containing moderately expressed GFP- or RFP-tagged compartmental markers for colocalization experiments. These components allow rapid, high efficiency genomic integrations and modifications with only transient selection for the Cas9 vector, resulting in markerless transformations. To demonstrate the ease of use, we applied our complete set of compartmental markers to co-label all target subcellular compartments with GFP and RFP. Thus, the MyLO toolkit packages CRISPR-Cas9 technology into a flexible, optimized bundle to simplify yeast research.


A key reason for choosing agent-based simulation of a biological system over other kinds of simulation model is the potential for structural as well as behavioral correspondence between the simulation model and the modeled system. This correspondence both demands and makes possible new kinds of model validation. We propose evaluating model fidelity by introducing seeded faults that correspond to known or hypothesized mutations, thus tying software validation to biological mutation analysis. We illustrate with consideration of an agent-based model of carbohydrate oxidation in a cell.


Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a species of fruit fly that occurs in the Neotropical region and is associated with 78 host plants. In Brazil, the species is one of the most economically important pests for fruit growers, especially in mango cultivation in the northeast region. Evaluating the oviposition behavior of polyphagous species such as fruit flies contributes to a better understanding of their fruit choice and infestation patterns and provides a basis for developing pest management techniques. In this study, we evaluated the changes in oviposition behavior of A. obliqua at different times of day and fruit fly ages with the highest oviposition activity. In addition, we tested whether A. obliqua exhibits any preference for Tommy Atkins and/or Palmer mango varieties. Our results showed higher oviposition activity in the morning and at the ages of 15-16 and 17-18 days. We also observed a preference among females to lay eggs on Tommy mangoes over Palmer ones.


Based on the investigation to the principle and specification of Rijndael Cipher Algorithm, it was presented a complete VHDL implementation of Rijndael. This design was simulated in Quartus II 5.1 environment. The simulated results showed that the implementation of Rijndael based on FPGA can satisfy the security and real time requirements which were both what the CBTC request.


Abstract Violet Angotti was a dressmaker in Northampton, Massachusetts, for over 50 years. When she entered the profession in 1927, mass-manufactured ready-to-wear was poised to become the primary source for women's clothing. Yet Angotti was able to stay in business far longer than the vast majority of her fellow "modistes" in western Massachusetts by marketing herself as a dress designer, akin to an exclusive one in a larger metropolitan area or even a smaller-scale version of one in the French haute couture system. It was this exclusive image, supplemented with high-quality ready-to-wear, that helps to account for her success, along with her close ties to nearby Smith College. Her story illuminates the successful attempt by one twentieth-century dress designer and maker to cope with an increasingly obsolete profession in the face of changing sources of fashion production.


This is to certify that the present work in the form of thesis entitled, "GONAD MATURATION, SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEXUAL ORGANS IN CRAB, BARYTELPHUSA CUNICULARIS" is an original work carried out by Mr. Ravindra Fakirrao Pathre, under my guidance and suggestions, and previously not submitted to this or any university for the award of degree, diploma, associateship or any similar title.


Objective: To study the effects of medical phenolphthalein on the urine analysis and distinctive method.Methods: Refering to literature concerned,combining clinical and external experiment,through heated to urine,added to acetic acid、hydrochloric acid and microscope test,the cloudy urine caused by phenolphthalein were distinguished.Results: Heated absic urine contained phenolphthalein,the red color disappeared,the cloudy degree dropped,after cooled down,the red color recovered.After added to acetic acid or hydrochloric acid,there was trace air bubble,if added to over acid,it would appear white cloudy,the acid urine contained phenolphthalein was heated,the cloudy didn't disappear,added to acetic acid or hydrochloric acid,the cloudy degree didn't change.Ater added to sodium hydroxide,the urine turned red color.Conclusion: To take orally phenolphthalein could make it difficult to distinguish patients urine especially the cloudy urine.It will be very important to strengthen the linking laboratories with clinical department.


We present the design of a new ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (STM) which operates at T 270° about an axis perpendicular to the tip axis. This feature allows metal or molecular beam evaporation normal to the sample surface. Even more important, by means of this device tip and sample can be brought into a parallel or antiparallel magnetic configuration thus opening a novel approach to the study of magnetic phenomena on an atomic length scale. In addition, measurements of the magneto-optical Kerr effect can be carried out without removing the sample from the STM. Also a new tip exchange mechanism is described. The microscopic and spectroscopic performance of the new ins...


In order to solve the problem that the imperceptibility and robustness of the general digital watermarkingalgorithm can not reach better balance,a new blind digital image watermarking scheme based on stationary wavelettransform is proposed. Unlike the common discreet wavelet transform based watermarking techniques, this schemedecomposes the whole image with one level of stationary wavelet transform firstly,and then divides the approximatearea into 8×8 blocks,selects an embedded position of each block to add watermarking. By calculating the average ofall the embedded position value,and comparing each embedded position value with average value,getting the keywhich is used to realize the blind detection.Experiments show that the blind watermarking algorithm is proposed inthis paper not only has good fidelity,but also has good robustness to various attacks.


2532 Background: Preclinical studies shed light to the mechanism conferring paclitaxel resistance in solid tumors with active Ras/Raf/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway, and determined a molecular mechanism by which addition of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib abrogated this resistance, enabling tumor regression in animals in vivo.

METHODS
A Phase I study was contacted to determine the MTD of paclitaxel and bortezomib combinatorial treatment. Sixteen patients with refractory solid tumors were treated with weekly paclitaxel and bortezomib. Six patients had NSCLC; 4, colon cancer; 2, pancreatic; 2, melanoma; 1, breast; 1, ovarian. Patients with baseline neuropathy greater than or equal to Grade 1 were excluded. The starting dose was 40 mg/m2 for paclitaxel and 0.7 mg/m2 for bortezomib. A modified continual reassessment method (MCRM) was used for dose escalation with 3-patient cohorts treated at each dose level. The Target Toxicity Level (probability of DLT at the MTD) was set at 25%. Maximum dose escalation was no more than 75% of the previous SED level, if no Grade 3 hematologic toxicity or DLT were observed. Otherwise, the maximum dose escalation was no more than 50% of the previous SED level. The process continued until SED changes were no more than 10% for two consecutive cohorts.

RESULTS
The MTD for the combinatorial treatment was reached at 60 mg/m2 paclitaxel and 1.0 mg/m2 bortezomib. Of 15 evaluable patients, 1 patient with paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC had PR and 5 patients (2, NSCLC; 1, pancreatic; 1, colon; 1, ovarian) had stable disease. Median TTP was 2.3 months (0.8 to 6 months). Three NSCLC patients achieved TTP longer than 5 months. The combination of paclitaxel and bortezomib was relatively well tolerated. Paclitaxel PK parameters are being determined, and paraffin-embedded tumor specimens are being evaluated for MAPK pathway activation by IHC for phospho-ERK. Results will be correlated with clinical response.

CONCLUSIONS
The MTD for the proposed combinatorial treatment is 60 mg/m2 for paclitaxel and 1.0 mg/m2 for bortezomib, and is relatively well tolerated. Combination of paclitaxel with bortezomib is effective in taxane-resistant NSCLC, and worthy of further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Purpose: The investigation procedure and results of exploring the impact of deep cryogenic treatment on the wear resistance and microstructure of the X37CrMoV5-1 hot work steel. Design/methodology/approach: The wear resistance and microstructure of the X37CrMoV5-1 hot work steel. The wear resistance was measured at 400°C using the pinon-disc method with a rotary tribometer. The microstructure of the steel was examined using optical and transmission electron microscopes. Findings: The result show a significant improvement of wear resistance through DCT, especially at high sliding velocities that are typical of many industrial applications of hot working steels (e.g. closed die forging). Apart from this, some effects of DCT on the microstructure were found, which contributed to better understanding of this process. Practical implications: The article describes the influence of DCT on the microstructure and properties of X37CrMoV5-1 (H11) hot working tool steel. Wear resistance of specimens treated using DCT was analysed on pin-on-disc wear tester and compared to that of specimens treated using standard quenching and tempering. Furthermore, the specimens' microstructures were analysed by TEM. Originality/value: Unlike conventional cold treatment, which is commonly used for elimination of retained austenite, deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) primarily improves the wear resistance of tools. This effect is supposed to result from preferential precipitation of fine η-carbides whose formation mechanism is the subject of several recent investigations performed mainly on high speed steels.


The Equal Rights Clause in the Federal Republic of Germanys constitution has caused changes in family law especially marriage law. The model of formal legal equality on which the new laws are based includes 1) the free choice of the common family name 2) a division of labor in marriage by mutual agreement 3) identical custody rights and joint legal representation 4) free choice for women between household activities and employment and 5) mutual authority for transactions concerning household needs. Although the Equal Rights Bill was enacted in 1958 these egalitarian family laws were not created until 1977. Supporters of equality now favor laws on marital property that compensate for the unequal earning capacity of men and women. The churches and a minority of the legal profession advocated reinforcing traditional family values by enacting patriarchal family laws. Sex equality protagonists asserted that male privileges not only did not preserve the essence of marriage but also humiliated women in their maternal role. They further argued that patriarchal rights increased marital disputes. Legal dispute can only be expected in divorce and separation cases; giving men the final say in family matters increases womens disadvantages. The discussion of whether legally regulated household division of labor by sex was permissible centered around the legal obligation of women to reform household duties. Attitudes to this changed greatly with the increasing employment of women. Marital property laws based on the Equal Rights Bill combine individual property rights with compensation claims mainly at the time of marriage dissolution. The concept of equal contributions of the spouses to joint property increments that legitimizes the splitting of accrued property gains is also the foundation of the statutory system of splitting social security assets. This change in family law has far reaching economic consequences. In practice these family laws come into effect only in divorce cases.


Recently, the debate over fixing the fragmented financial services regulatory structures abroad is raising questions about merits of having singular regulator in Korea. Regulatory structure is important to promote robust financial consumer protection and the problem has become more acute in recent days. There are many factors that influence the financial consumer regulatory performance, which are interlinked such as independency, accountability, transparency, effectiveness, expertness, competency etc. However, issues as like what gets regulated in the financial industry, how it gets regulated, when it gets regulated and by whom are primarily regulatory turf issues and seem to be very controversial. This paper argues that although regulatory agency structure is very important and a key to have the competitiveness of a financial market, concerning the current situations faced in Korea, the most important thing is to balance and resolve the conflicting regulatory purposes within the single financial regulator. Our current financial regulatory organization has multiple goals that sometimes have conflicting policy implications to the regulatory agency. Alternatively, the goals may be assigned to more competing agency. That is said to take twin peaks models. To evaluate the effectiveness and performance of current financial regulatory system in Korea, considering and recognizing new movements of international regulatory structures reforms is necessary and of importance. This paper tries to find optimal financial regulatory structures and how to accomplish those system. To this purpose, the first section explains what is optimal financial regulatory structure and how to establish it. The second section analyzes the background and reasons of recent reforming regulatory structures in foreign countries. This section also compares the types of financial regulatory system models in details. The third section describes briefly the foreign countries` experience and each government`s plan to fix fragmented financial regulatory systems. To summarize, this paper intends to analyzes the recent international regulatory reforms and aims to evaluate the debate over regulatory agency structures and performance.


After introducing briefly about the characteristics of urban track system planning in shanghai, thispaper raises that the urban track transportation must be combinod with comprehensive system of urbantransportation, in order to cnsure the real function of track transportation system.


Abstract : Shipyard painting is most often viewed as pure ship construction operations where the painting of the hull deck superstructure and cargo spaces makes up the total effort and cost. This view may be justified when analyzing various trade production costs as parts of the total ship cost. However parts preparation and painting costs are significant when looked at in summary as a new construction or repair contract sub-cost item. Once addressed the historical means and methods for small parts painting in shipyards appears to leave much room for improvement. What happens then when a systems approach is applied to shipyard small parts painting? Can study techniques analysis and design be adapted to facilitate painting systems which are cost effective for this industry? This paper attempts to answer these questions by presenting discussion of: 1 Manufacturing Concepts of Parts Painting 1 Use of Industrial Engineering Analysis 1 Systems Configurations 1 Systems Cost and Justification


The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, an exclusive licence (or non exclusive for government employees) on a worldwide basis to the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and its Licensees to permit this article (if accepted)to be published in ARD editions and any other BMJPGL products to exploit all subsidiary rights, as set out in our licence (http://ard.bmjjournals.com/misc/ifora/licenceform.shtml). ARD Online First, published on November 10, 2005 as 10.1136/ard.2005.044065


The two-body problem is extensively studied in open systems and asymptotically flat spacetimes. However, there are many systems where radiation is trapped: they range from radiating charges in cavities to low-energy excitations of massive degrees of freedom, to anti-de Sitter spacetimes. Here, we study the problem of motion of a pointlike particle orbiting a massive compact object inside a cavity. We first show that - assuming circular motion - there are initial conditions for which the self-force vanishes and the binary is eternal. We then consider the evolution of the system under radiation reaction in a toy model which we argue captures the essentials of orbiting particles. We show that eternal circular binaries may exist. We also show that the presence of cavity modes leads to chaos in regimes of strong coupling or when the system is initialized close enough to a resonance. Our results have implications for physics in anti-de Sitter spacetimes and possibly for binaries evolving within dark matter haloes, if it consists on massive fundamental fields.


To investigate the effects of the film cooling and internal cooling on a high temperature gas turbine blade,a high temperature test rig was set up.A superalloy flat plate with film cooling injection was investigated experimentally and numerically.The effects of different water compositions were also considered.The conjugate heat transfer effect was compared with the adiabatic assumption and the experimental data.The results show that the conjugate heat transfer has little effect on the flow field,but has a great effect on the temperature distribution because of the high thermal conductivity of the plate.The numerical result underpredicts the experimental result by 10% due to neglecting the radiative heat transfer.


Proper functioning of a variety of complex systems relies on flexible communication between different units. Yet, how context-dependent information propagation routes arise over a relatively static network remains largely mysterious. Inspired by the observation that neuronal communication is regulated by oscillations in the brain, we propose a dynamical information transmission framework based on the Kuramoto-oscillator network. We analytically show that multistability is a mechanism for flexible information routing. We define a novel metric, the flexibility index, to measure the communication plasticity of information channels in networks. Sufficient conditions on the network parameters are obtained for channels to be flexible. We also use several examples to illustrate how information can be routed to different parts of a network via switching between multiple stable states.


The latest trends in contemporary financial and economic theories propose that we should consider all aspect of financial analysis that move towards the discovery of new trends and methods which identify various deviations within economic subjects of transition countries and thereby helping successful management toward financial gain. Analysis of financial dealings and financial decision making represents a necessary basis for management which advances even more along with the development of financial analysis since more adequate and more objective pieces of information are provided from the standpoint of their contents, form, scope, time and way of using. Thereby, transition countries are given an opportunity to adjust activities demanded by transition, and its mission is to make unprofitable companies profitable.


Effects of alkali slag promoted straw compost on red soil nutrient content, microbial properties and peanut yield and quality were studied through field plot experiment. Four treatments, such as no fertilizer control(CK), NPK fertilizer(NPK), 5% alkali slag promoted peanut straw compost combined with NPK(NPK+PC) and 5% alkali slag promoted rice straw compost combined with NPK(NPK+RC), was set up in this study. Changes of soil nutrient content, enzyme activities, microbial biomass and BIOLOG functional diversity were measured respectively. Peanut yield, quality and agronomic characters were also estimated respectively. Alkali slag promoted straw compost alleviated degree of acidification and increased soil water retaining capacity. Available nutrient content of red soil was also improved effectively. NPK+PC treatment increased MBN, but NPK+RC treatment increased invertase activity and MBC. Results of BIOLOG analysis showed that treatment of NPK+RC as well as NPK+PC significantly improved the carbon source utilization ability and functional diversity of soil microorganisms respectively. Meanwhile, NPK+PC treatment increased the peanut yield by increasing the Berry weight. It could also increase total N, total P and nutrient accumulation of peanut pod. Therefore alkali slag promoted peanut straw compost combined with NPK fertilizer had applicable prospects for increasing fertility and biological function of red soil and improving peanut yield and quality.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combined use of 7‐ethyl‐10‐[4‐(1‐piperidino)‐1‐piperidino]carhonyloxycamptothecin (CPT‐11) and cisplatin (CDDP). The antitumor activities of CPT‐11, CDDP and their combination against 3 human lung tumor xenografts were estimated using congenitally athymic BALB/c (nu/nu) mice. The doses were 47 mg/kg for CPT‐11 and 6 mg/kg for CDDP on days 1, 5 and 9. In combination therapy, half of the single dosage of each agent was used. The doses were administered intraperitoneally. The antitumor activity and toxicity were evaluated in terms of the tumor volume and body weight change of mice, respectively. The combination therapy resulted in a statistically significant tumor regression compared to the use of only CPT‐11 or CDDP in two tumor xenografts out of three. The toxicity of the combination therapy was no higher than that of CPT‐11 or CDDP alone. These results suggest that the antitumor activity of the combination of CPT‐11 and CDDP is superior to that of CPT‐11 or CDDP alone.


Grazing of a hill in southern Sweden influenced the vegetation pattern and local habitat. The microclimate and soil water within grazed vegetation (Hypnum and Festuca sites) and ungrazed tussocks of Ononis repens (Ononis sites) on the southern slope were compared and were related to measurements from corresponding positions on the northern slope (Pleurozium sites) and an ungrazed beechwood area (wood site) on the southern slope. Some investigations were also performed on a bare surface on the southern slope. Microclimatic and soil moisture conditions within the Ononis site and the Hypnum and Festuca sites were different. Habitat conditions at the Ononis site were more similar to the wood site than the Hypnum and Festuca sites. Vegetation also differed and species, otherwise restricted to the northern slope, were found within the Ononis tussocks, where some species showed greater vitality. Extreme conditions of microclimate, especially on the bare surface of the southern slope, may influence competition between colonising species.


Some experiences on standardization were introduced according to the years' production and export practice of cast iron exhaust manifold.Standardization is not only international trade tools,but also a national symbol of technological progress.There would not be normal international trade among countries if no standardization.


A first principle mathematical model has been used to study the effects of ocean environment and cathodic protection on the formation of calcareous deposits and their ability to reduce the cathodic current density. These parameters include applied potential, rotation speed, temperature, salinity, and depth. The results showed the applied potential strongly influences the formation of calcareous deposits and their ability to reduce the cathodic current density. Among the environmental factors, rotation speed has the most influence on the cathodic current density. Salinity slightly influences the cathodic current density over the range of interest. Temperature is much more influential than salinity on the ability of calcareous deposits to reduce the cathodic current density. The results from modeling showed the formation rate of calcareous deposits to reduce the cathodic current density. The results from modeling showed the formation rate of calcareous deposits is much lower at 5 C than at room temperature. The depth is very critical not only to cathodic current density but also to the formation of calcareous deposits in seawater. The formation of calcareous deposits would be expected to be slower and the deposits would contain more Mg(OH)[sub 2] in deep water.


Forty patients with an average age of 64.6 years (range: 45-83) with early gastric cancer of cT1 (M, SM) underwent a curative-intended laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) where laparoscopic D1+α nodal clearance and extra-abdominal Billroth-I stapled anastomosis were performed. There was no conversion to open gastrectomy. The operation time for the 40 cases ranged 150 482 min (median: 285), while that for the latest 10 cases reduced to 154-278 min (median: 216). The length of hospital stay of the patients varied 10-85 days (median: 17). Postoperative complications encountered were anastomosis-related: 2 anastomotic bleeding and 2 anastomotic passage disturbance (1 stricture and 1 temporary stenosis) occurred but no dehiscence. Four inaccurate preoperative diagnoses of tumor invasion depth were revealed by postoperative pathology of the resected specimens. Thereafter the accuracy in the preoperative diagnosis was highly enhanced with implementation of endoscopic ultrasound. Recurrence occurred in one patient with pT2 (SS) pN2, who died of pleural carcinomatosis 4 years and 3 months after surgery. As the reduced operation time in LADG came closer to that in open distal gastrectomy, we will continue this procedure for early gastric cancer. For this, the importance of an accurate preoperative diagnosis can't be overemphasized. Hirosaki Med.J. 61:1―7,2010


Recognizes the inherent conflict between multinationals' (MNEs') need to respond to local markets while using global integration to achieve economies of scale; and outlines relevant research from the fields of both economic and organizational theory. Criticizes the process approach based on normative theory and suggests that loose coupling theory is a more practical way of looking at MNEs. Discusses the application of these ideas to their management and identifies seven behavioural characteristics of loosely coupled systems (Weick). Links these to Doz and Prahalad's (1991) criteria for assessing the applicability of organizational theory to MNEs. Considers the research implications and believes that MNE organization will eventually be seen, not as a special case, but as a general model.


The current trend of increasing capabilities in data generation and collection has resulted in an urgent need for data mining applications, also called knowledge discovery in databases. This paper identifies and examines the issues involved in extracting useful grains of knowledge from large amounts of data. It describes a framework to categorise data mining systems. The author also gives an overview of the issues pertaining to data pre processing, as well as various information gathering methodologies and techniques. The paper covers some popular tools such as classification, clustering, and generalisation. A summary of statistical and machine learning techniques used currently is also provided.


The paper is a critical approach of the future of the labour law, along the lines that have been traced by COVID-19-generated structural transformations and the speeding up of previous changes in its domain, from the increasing complexity of judicial relations among labourers, employers and the state, to those regarding the very contents of labour itself. Likewise, the Industrial Revolution 4.0 gives rise to factors that cause direct and indirect effects on the labour law: the end-results of these developments lead to the inevitable adaptation of the labour law, not to its demise – just like whatever processes are unfolding in this Revolution would change the contents and substance of labour, not kill it. The paper concludes with a selective inventory of trends that may continue in 2021 and beyond, as well as some answers concerning the post-pandemic social law. Experiences and challenges of the labour relationship in the post-pandemic era.


During the past decade, numerical models of coastal dynamics have provided far more information than could be validated with field and laboratory measurements. Lack of data has restricted advances in predictive capability of many such models. This situation has begun to change because of the growing number of large-scale measurement campaigns ranging from laboratory and field experiments carried out in the United States to the laboratory tests performed in many European laboratories in the context of the European Community (EC) Large Installations Plan (LIP). Because of the wealth of experimental information that has become available a conference on coastal dynamics was organized to bring together the producers and consumers of these data sets. This proceedings, "Coastal Dynamics 94: Proceedings of an International Conference on the Role of the Large Scale Experiments in Coastal Research", contains the papers given at this conference organized under 14 different categories: Bar dynamics; field data and modeling; sea-estuary interaction; SUPERTANK; surf zone hydrodynamics; dynamics of shore nourishment and natural beaches; aeolina sediment transport; Delta flume; waves near structures; surf zone sediment and bed dynamics; wave nonlinearities; new facilities; sea-bed dynamics; and morphodynamics near structures. Engineers interested in the modeling of coastal dynamics will find this proceedings a useful collection of information on field and laboratory tests from the standpoint of the underlying dynamics.


In the 1990s, the rechargeable Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with layered structure LiCoO2 as cathode active material, mainly applied in the consumer electronics, such as mobile phones and digital cameras. Owing to the further optimization of material system and battery design, the present LIBs have expanded to the large-scale fields, such as electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and smart-grid energy storage. These new directions for hodiernal LIBs require even higher safety and reliability, which means advanced LIB cathode materials with higher thermostability are urgently needed, meanwhile the energy density of cathode materials should also be guaranteed to meet the driving mileage of EVs. The lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 (LFP), as a representative in the phosphatic cathode family, has outstanding thermostability compared with LiCoO2, however the specific capacity of LFP is limited by its single-electron (per formula) transfer reaction. Within the high-thermostability phosphate system, taking advantage of the layered structure of metal oxide cathodes and multiple oxidation states of vanadium, we have designed and synthesized Li-rich layered vanadium phosphate Li9V3(P2O7)3(PO4)2 (LVPP). Benefited from the Li-rich character and P2O7 groups, LVPP has higher theoretical capacity and output voltage than that of LFP. Furthermore, utilizing the Li-site and V-site substitution of LVPP and Li3V2(PO4)3 respectively, we have tried to design and prepare other phosphatic cathode materials with even higher capacity (>200 mAh g) and potential (>4.4 V vs. Li). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) combined with Rietveld structure refinement can provide experimental evidences and illuminate the modification direction for the rational design of high energy-density LIB cathodes. Besides the component and structure design of V-based phosphatic cathode materials, we systematically investigated the electrochemical performance of designed materials, and discussed the Li-ion extraction/intercalation behavior and reaction mechanism based on the XRD structure refinement results, which can be a example to illustrate the application of XRD and Rietveld refinement technique in the field of LIB cathode design and research. ________________________ * Corresponding author. Tel.: +86-20-87111963, E-mail address: email@example.com


The invention relates to a chaotic particle swarm optimization-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system resource allocation algorithm and belongs to the technical field of system resource allocation. The invention provides a utility function maximized framework-based resource allocation algorithm aiming at the power allocation problem in a wireless multi-user orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In an actual network environment, the optimized algorithm is non-convex and a classical optimization method is difficult to solve the problem. Therefore, a particle swarm method in intelligent optimization is applied to non-convex optimized algorithm design. Logistics chaotic searching is embedded into a PSO algorithm aiming at the problem that particle swarm optimization easily has a local extremum point, and the chaotic particle swarm algorithm is provided. Compared with like algorithms, the novel algorithm effectively solves the non-convex problem, can make the system have better performance, and can effectively prevent the particle swarm algorithm from having a local solution.


This article examines local strategies used to build leadership roles and enlist public support in a newly literate Papua New Guinean highlands rural community. The ethnographic evidence presented shows how the relationship between literacy and local ideas about modernisation and development has facilitated a shift in patterns of local political structures. When literacy is viewed as an unequally distributed and novel resource with inherently modernist connotations it becomes evident why male villagers in a contemporary highlands village endeavour to acquire and exploit it in rivalry with others. And while individual villagers market their reading and writing proficiency as a means to bolster their reputations within the existing socio-political system, this has significance for traditional leadership and authority patterns, given that village leaders have traditionally been unschooled and therefore do not possess these highly regarded skills. To illustrate these processes I examine the political careers of two prominent villagers with particular attention to their respective claims to head two competing village-based development projects. An analysis of the agendas they use to legitimate their authority roles in these projects makes clear how the quest to be seen to be literate has become a constitutive component of a prospective leader's repertoire of skills.


Complex triangle meshes arise naturally in many areas of computer graphics and visualization. Previous work has shown that a quadric error metric allows fast and accurate geometric simplification of meshes. This quadric approach was recently generalized to handle meshes with appearance attributes. In this paper we present an improved quadric error metric for simplifying meshes with attributes. The new metric, based on geometric correspondence in 3D, requires less storage, evaluates more quickly, and results in more accurate simplified meshes. Meshes often have attribute discontinuities, such as surface creases and material boundaries, which require multiple attribute vectors per vertex. We show that a wedge-based mesh data structure captures such discontinuities efficiently and permits simultaneous optimization of these multiple attribute vectors. In addition to the new quadric metric, we experiment with two techniques proposed in geometric simplification, memoryless simplification and volume preservation, and show that both of these are beneficial within the quadric framework. The new scheme is demonstrated on a variety of meshes with colors and normals.


Background: The high level of satisfaction of users of a health service is largely due to the fact that they receive excellent care from healthcare professionals. Compassionate care is an essential component of excellent care. But what do nurses understand compassion to be? Research objectives: To analyse the concept of compassion from the perspective of nurses in the Andalusian Public Health System, Spain. Research design: This is a qualitative study following the grounded theory model. Four focus groups and 25 in-depth interviews were conducted. Participants and research context: A total of 68 nursing professionals working in the Andalusian Public Health System (Spain) participated. Theoretical sampling was used, with participants being recruited using the snowball technique. Ethical considerations: This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Centro-Almería Health District (CEICA 27/9/17). Findings: From the analysis of the data, four themes emerged that helped to understand the concept of compassion according to nurses: 'Negative perception of the term compassion', 'Compassion and empathy as synonyms', 'Beyond empathy', and 'Effects of having a compassionate attitude'. Discussion: Nurses perceive the concept of compassion differently to each other and even contradictorily. This concept is imbued with cultural elements, which adds confusion to understanding it, and is even perceived as something negative similar to pity. Conclusion: Nurses confuse the concepts of empathy and compassion as if they were synonymous. Before considering training in compassion for healthcare professionals, it is essential to clarify the concept of compassion through educational interventions.


We extend to multivalued functions a result of S. Stoilow which says that if / : X —> Y is a continuous map between two n-manifolds, X with a countable base, then f(Df) is of the first Baire category in Y, where Df = {x G X\f is not open at x}, and using the same ideas, we study the set of lower semi continuity of a multivalued function. We also extend to multivalued functions a known result which says that if X, Y are locally compact complete metric spaces, X with a countable base and / : X —• Y is continuous, open and discrete, then int Bj = (j) and int f(Bf) = , where Bf = {x G X\f fails to be a local homeomorphism at a:}.


Abstract: This paper examines the association between mothers' social assets and child social, emotional and behavioural (SEB) wellbeing for children living in persistently low income. The dependent variable (SEB) is measured by the Stress and Difficulties Questionnaire, carried out at age 4/5 years. The independent variables comprise a categorical exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of social assets, five-year averaged income divided into quintiles (the lowest income quintile is conceptualised as 'persistently low income' and 100% of families with income below 60% median equivalised income fall into this category) and control variables generated from the literature review. The results show that low income is associated with lower social assets and lower SEB wellbeing in children; however, mothers living in persistently low income but who have high social assets are significantly associated with higher levels of SEB wellbeing in their children, an interaction that is not significant for any other income quintile. Additionally, many of the socio-demographic variables assumed to be important for child SEB wellbeing in the literature, such as family composition, young motherhood and maternal ethnicity, reduce in significance once income and mothers' social assets are taken into account in the model.


Raised in Hull, John Turner was educated at Hymers College but to his mother's disapproval, he chose medicine rather than the family's laundry business (Bentley's). After qualifying he did his national service in the Fleet Air Arm and postgraduate training in the Leeds hospitals, where he met theatre sister Jean Williamson, whom he married …


In a pure-exchange economy involving one perishable consumption good and risk-averse consumers, the elasticity of a consumer's Pareto-efficient consumption with respect to aggregate output equals the reciprocal of the ratio of the consumer's coefficient of relative risk aversion to average relative risk aversion. Therefore, this elasticity is unity for someone with average relative risk aversion, whereas consumers with above average relative risk aversion transfer some of their aggregate- output risk to consumers with below average relative risk aversion. This result has important implications on the financial securities needed to complete markets, inflation indexing, and central bank goals and targeting objectives.


iii "It is almost a definition of a gentleman to say that he is one who never inflicts pain." expecting my best. He gave me this opportunity and support to perform research. He gave me invaluable guidance and advice when I felt things were going wrong. His expectations and faith in my capabilities were driving forces to break through difficulties during this research. I also thank Drs. Suresh Sitaraman, John Muzzy and Robert Chen for serving on my thesis reading committee, as well as for serving as references for the research. They gave me good advice to find the right way at moments of choice. In addition to this, I thank the Georgia Tech-CDC seed grant program for funding this research. I also thank Dr. Bruce Weniger of the CDC for his invaluable advice. This research would not have been possible without the technical support of the Georgia Institute of Technology. I appreciate the assistance of the staff in the ME machine shop, especially Steven Sheffield. They trained me to use all the machines in the shop and to translate my drawings into the real world parts. Without their help, I would not have been able to bring all my thinking and drawing to reality and complete this research. I thank Dr. Jung-Hwan Park and the people in IBB for letting me use the testing machine there. for giving me help and advice for finishing this research. I would like to thank my parents and sisters for their priceless support, guidance, and love. First of all, my father, Ju-Won Kim introduced me to engineering and gave me advice and strength when I had to make the important choice to be here. I give a special appreciation to my mother, Young-Ja Hong for always praying for me. I thank Aunt Young-Hee Hong for praying for me and giving me positive cheer all the time and congratulate her on her marriage in March. I also thank my sister Jeong-Yeon Kim Lee and her children, Linus and Annette, for cheering me up from Knoxville, TN and Shin-Yeon Kim and Jae-Yeon Kim for warm words of encouragement from Korea. Finally and most of all, I give tremendous thanks to God for leading me to do this research and finish this thesis.


Consider an n-vertex graph G = (V,E) of maximum degree Δ, and suppose that each vertex v ∈ V hosts a processor. The processors are allowed to communicate only with their neighbors in G. The communication is synchronous, i.e., it proceeds in discrete rounds. In the distributed vertex coloring problem the objective is to color G with Δ + 1, or slightly more than Δ + 1, colors using as few rounds of communication as possible. (The number of rounds of communication will be henceforth referred to as running time. Efficient randomized algorithms for this problem are known for more than twenty years [1, 19]. Specifically, these algorithms produce a Δ + 1)-coloring within O(log n) time, with high probability. On the other hand, the best known deterministic algorithm that requires polylogarithmic time employs O(Δ2) colors. This algorithm was devised in a seminal FOCS'87 paper by Linial [16]. Its running time is O(log* n). In the same paper Linial asked whether one can color with significantly less than Δ2 colors in deterministic polylogarithmic time. By now this question of Linial became one of the most central long-standing open questions in this area. In this paper we answer this question in the affirmative, and devise a deterministic algorithm that employs Δ1+o(1) colors, and runs in polylogarithmic time. Specifically, the running time of our algorithm is O(f(Δ) log Δ log n, for an arbitrarily slow-growing function f(Δ) = ω(1). We can also produce O(Δ1 + η)-coloring in O(log Δ log n)-time, for an arbitrarily small constant η > 0, and O(Δ)-coloring in O(Δε log n) time, for an arbitrarily small constant ε > 0. Our results are, in fact, far more general than this. In particular, for a graph of arboricity a, our algorithm produces an O(a1 + η)-coloring, for an arbitrarily small constant η > 0, in time O(log a log n).


The knowledge of manufacturing related magnetic property degeneration in electrical steel laminations is essential for selecting correct obstructing material grades and designing efficient electrical machines. Until now these effects stay undiscovered due to the lack of adequate investigation methods that reveal local information on troubling lamination areas. Here we show how the use of a non-destructive testing method based on a neutron grating interferometry setup provides spatially-resolved information about the local bulk domain wall density. Different representative manufacturing techniques are compared in terms of magnetic flux density deterioration such as punching, mechanically cutting by guillotine as well as laser fusion cutting applying industrial high power laser beam sources.


Either or both of two strategies may be used for integrating handicapped students with adaptive equipment requirements onto regularly or specially equipped vehicles: adapting the student to the available transportation system, and modifying the transportation system to adapt to student needs. Special educators, drivers, and parents all can provide essential training for handicapped students to develop appropriate transportation-related skills. In addition to the passenger, the driver is the primary adaptive transportation service provider. The driver must be trained and fully informed to understand the individual adaptations passengers require during transit and to meet those needs with the student's own efforts to assist himself. On regularly equipped buses, provision must be made for the passenger's personal adaptive equipment such as crutches, canes, walkers, braces, artificial limbs, special shoes, hearing aids, long canes, and headgear. Students in wheelchairs and those with severely limited mobility require specially equipped vehicles with any or all of the following equipment: special service door, power lift, stanchions, fastening devices for wheelchairs, wider aisles, special seats, seat belts or harnesses, and storage provisions. With adaptations made by the handicapped person himself during transit and with informed, caring drivers willing to accommodate individual needs, most vehicles do not require specialized equipment.


Abstract The geographic pattern of support for George McGovern in the face of his decisive defeat in the 1972 presidential election reveals a striking association with the social groups most disaffected from the Nixon Administration. A mixture of Blacks, Spanish-speaking Americans, Indians, laborers in primary production activities, campus reformers, and most Massachusetts voters stand out on the map of counties for McGovern.


Introduction 1. The Foundations of Turkish-Iranian Relations: An alternative Approach to the Politics of Middle-Power States 2. An Interregnum: Turkish -Iranian Diplomatic Crises 3. The Phantom of Terror in Turkish-Iranian Relations 4. Post -Cold War Turkish-Iranian Security Relations: A Revival of the Kurdish-Turkish War and Security Patterns in the Middle East 5. Post-Cold War Security Relations of Turkey-Iran: From Ethno-Religious Conflict To New Security Systems In Central Asia And The Caucasus 6. Post-Cold War Turkey-Iran Energy Relations in the Black Sea and Caspian Sea Neighborhood: Implications for European Energy Security 7. Pathologies And Roundups In Turkish-Iranian Economic Relations Since 1979 8. Capacities of The Middle - Power State: Articulation of Theoretical Framework


The present invention relates to an administration of both human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) and Minocycline. The Minocycline improves a clinical magnitude of multiple sclerosis, exhibits good effects for anti-inflammation, nerve protection, and long-term use, yet has toxicity in CNS. The hBM-MSCs have shown immunity adjusting functions and nerve protecting functions. Compared to when Minocycline or hBM-MSCs are individually used, a remarkable decrease is exhibited in a clinical score when both Minocycline and hBM-MSCs are administrated. Moreover, when both Minocycline and hBM-MSCs are administrated, immunity adjusting effects are reinforced, and inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α) are controlled. In contrast, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) are increased. Furthermore, when both Minocycline and hBM-MSCs are administrated, the number of dead cells is remarkably decreased through TUNEL coloring compared to individual administration. When both Minocycline and hBM-MSCs are administrated, provided is a protocol of a new technique for treating multiple sclerosis.


The multifunctional role of mast cells (MCs) in the immune system is complex and has not fully been explored. MCs reside in tissues and mucous membranes such as the lung, digestive tract, and skin which are strategically located at interfaces with the external environment. These cells, therefore, will encounter external stimuli and pathogens. MCs modulate both the innate and the adaptive immune response in in fl ammatory disorders including transplantation. MCs can have pro- and anti-in fl ammatory functions, thereby regulating the outcome of lung transplantation through secretion of mediators that allow interaction with other cell types, particularly innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). ILC2 cells are a unique population of hematopoietic cells that coordinate the innate immune response against a variety of threats including infection, tissue damage, and homeostatic disruption. In addition, MCs can modulate alloreactive T cell responses or assist in T regulatory (Treg) cell activity. This paper outlines the current understanding of the role of MCs in lung transplantation, with a speci fi c focus on their interaction with ILC2 cells within the engrafted organ. addition, IL-2 released from MCs induces tolerance in Treg cells and regulates transplantation survival. Activated ILC2s, MCs, and Th2 cells release Areg which is important in promoting EC repair from injury. Damaged epithelial cells, seen during transplant rejection, release IL-33 and ATP, which together can act on ILC2 and MCs to enhance their activity. A number of inhibitors including montelukast, IL-27, corticosteroid, PGI 2 , and lipoxin A4, can suppress the activation and/or proliferation of ILC2s and their release of in fl ammatory mediators. epithelial cells; ILC2: innate


The development of tropical island thunderstorms in the maritime continent were investigated over the Tiwi Islands to the north of the Australian continent. A satellite cloud climatology was developed to examine these island thunderstorms, locally known as Hectors. During the pre‐monsoon period of 1990 and 1991 Hectors were observed on 70% of days. These Hectors were observed to occur under two distinct environmental flow regimes. Under easterly flow, development occurred on the western end of the island and conversely under westerly flow, development occurred to the east. Hectors were also observed to have three distinct modes of development (Hector, suppressed and late developing) and one mode of non‐development (non‐Hector). Satellite cloud climatologies were developed and mean atmospheric characteristics were determined for each of these development modes. Hectors developed under conditions of moderate convective available potential energy, moderate shear and high moisture availability. Sub‐cloud layer winds were also thought to contribute to the structure of the storm. Non‐Hector and suppressed Hector days usually occurred after a previous convective disturbance such as a monsoon low or squall line and had typically low convective available potential energy and high values of convective inhibition. Conditions for late developing Hectors appeared to be conducive for thunderstorm development with high convective available potential energy and low values of convective inhibition. However, early initiation was suppressed by high shear conditions. Development in the late developing mode could be more intense than in other modes. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society


This article regards the challenges faced by modern human, seeking a healthy lifestyle, in particular nutrition; prospects for the development of dietology worldwide, in Ukraine under the conditions of State institution «Institute of Gastroenterology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine».


The building of the scientific appraise system is a key task to promote the ideological and ethical building at higher vocational colleges.It requires innovating the ideas and functions of appraise system,and choosing a dialectically unified,ideological and ethical educational "process" evaluation with target and process,process and development,development and self-development;building a macro-structure of appraise system to form a vertical and transverse system of mutual differentiation,perforation,and promotion;perfecting the micro-strategy of appraise system,which includes the optimization of three elements of index system,method system,and response system so as to promote the pragmaticality of appraise.


Summary Isolated myocardial strips of rabbit atrium were exposed to an oxygenated, modified Ringer-Locke's solution having various levels of Pco2, pH, and bicarbonate. Peak contraction force and maximum rate of tension development were used to evaluate myocardial contractility. Exposure to a low Pco2 and control pH environment did not cause a significant change in contractility. Myocardial performance was significantly increased by exposure to a bathing solution containing a low Pco2 and high pH. The results are interpreted to indicate that the change in pH is the significant factor in the positive inotropic response to low Pco2.


As far as metaphors go, a 1920s-era steel filing cabinet remains a rather apt construct for considering the management of enterprise documents. Of course-as enterprise knowledge has exploded and become overwhelmingly resident in electronic format-filing cabinets are no longer an appropriate or desirable means of performing all the various aspects of document management.


We report for the first time, according to our knowledge, an experiment in which a light pulse is decelerated to 2000 m s−1 and stored in a caesium vapour cell for a period of time without using a buffer gas. The storage time of the light can be up to 25 µs by adjusting the laser beam size to an appropriate value.


The evolution of industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) is driven by various factory automation applications with strict demands on latency and reliability, which requires flexible network resource allocation to support diverse QoS requirements of different applications. To this end, we propose an application-driven virtual network embedding (AVNE) scheme to facilitate the QoS provisioning for different applications leveraging the network virtualization (NV) technique. AVNE employs a novel anypath link mapping approach based on the anypath routing scheme, which greatly improves the efficiency of the embedded path by exploiting the unique features of wireless channels. Our simulations demonstrate that the proposed AVNE scheme significantly improves the revenue and admission ratio while minimizing the cost in virtualized IWSNs. AVNE also achieves better load-balance and thus is less prone to cause bottleneck nodes and links.


Background: Traditional detection of fungal infections of the skin relies on microscopy techniques or fungal culture. Currently, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been widely applied to assist the diagnosis of commondermatomycosis with advantages of non-invasiveness, celerity, real time, and repeatability. Materials and Methods: A total of 478 clinically suspected dermatomycosis patients were enrolled in this study including 148 cases of tinea manus and pedis, 188 cases of tinea corporis and cruris and 142 cases of pityriasis versicolor. RCM examination was performed to image the lesions. Aim: This study aimed to summarize the image characteristics of in vivo RCM examination on common dermatomycosis and retrospectively evaluate its accuracy as compared with microscopy results. Furthermore, we attempted to tackle the challenges of RCM diagnosis on common dermatomycosis. Results: Based on RCM images, 231 of 478 (48.3%) patients were detected with hyphae. Among all RCM confirmed cases, 58 out of 148 (39.2%) were tinea manus and pedis, 145 out of 188 (77.1%) were tinea corporis and cruris, and 28 out of 142 (19.7%) were pityriasis versicolor. The remaining patients (51.7%) could not be diagnosed by the dermatologist according to RCM. Hyphae structures were primarily identified during diagnoses of dermatomycosis by RCM. Conclusions: RCM is a novel optical imaging technique that confers high-resolution images of fungi. RCM has certain advantages in the diagnosis of tinea manus and pedis. RCM is not suitable for the diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor.


In partial thickness burn injuries, silver sulfadiazine cream 1%(SSD, Silvadene(R)) is the most commonly used topical agent worldwide. But silver sulfadiazine cream 1% has no exudate absorption property. Usually after escar is removed from wound surface, Silvadene(R) is changed to saline wet gauze dressing to promote epithelization. Aquacel(R)(ConvaTec, UK) is a 100% sodium carboxymethylcellulose Hydrofiber material. It absorbs exudates directly into the hydrofibers by vertical wicking which allows rapid uptake of liquid into the fibers. The absorbed exudate fluid can be distributed to the entire dressing rather than just over the wound surface, which results in larger fluid absorption capacity. From April, 2003 to July, 2004 a study was done with 40 patients who had variable partial thickness burns. Aquacel(R) dressing was compared in 21 cases to silver sulfadiazine cream 1% and saline wet gauze dressings in 19 cases. In the Aquacel(R) cases, the average healing time on the face was 5.36+/-1.69 a day; on the hands was 8.46+/-2.15 a day; and, on the neck was 6.0+/-2.0 a day. With the Silvadene(R) and Saline wet gauze dressing, the average healing time on the face was 6.44+/-1.74 a day; on the hands was 13.79+/-5.35 a day; and, on the neck was 11.17+/-3.31 a day. As a result, the Aquacel(R) group showed a shorter healing time compared to the Silvadene(R) and saline wet gauze dressing group and patients were satisfied because of less pain and improved comfort. In conclusion, Aquacel(R) is a better choice for partial thickness burn injuries because of shorter healing time, less pain and more confortable dressing.


Translocation of 14C-labeled and toxicity of nonradiolabeled bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4)3H-one 2,2-dioxide] was determined for common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.) and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Significantly greater 14C-movement and herbicide toxicity occurred in common cocklebur growing in wet soil at field capacity than in dry soil near the wilting point. In common cocklebur there was a trend toward greater bentazon toxicity and 14C-translocation at high temperature (35 C) and high relative humidity (RH) (96%) than at low temperature (25 C) and low RH (35%). 'Lee 68' soybeans were injured less than 10% by bentazon under any environmental condition of this study. Translocation of 14C was primarily acropetal in both common cocklebur and soybeans. Herbicide movement was affected by leaf maturity with the greatest movement of 14C resulting from 14C-bentazon applied to the most mature common cocklebur leaf near the base of the shoot and to soybeans at the youngest fully expanded leaf near the apex of the shoot. Bentazon was more toxic and 14C translocation was greater in the soybean cultivar 'Hurrelbrink' than 'Hill' or Hill X Hurrelbrink cross.


Problem. The efficiency of delivery and postal items is currently a necessary condition without which the normal circulation of goods and services, as well as human life at the present stage of development of society is impossible. Delivery is the link between the production and consumption of goods and services, serving both producers and consumers. The continuity of logistics customer service in today's market conditions must be ensured by the efficient operation of the warehouse. The mechanism of express delivery ensures that when applying to a logistics intermediary of a certain type, the client can count on the provision of a comprehensive service. A distinctive feature of the mechanism is the work of the warehousing system, as the subject of work of express delivery companies is not a product but a service. Despite the existence of various methods and systems for optimizing the warehousing process, the peculiarities of the operation of the warehouse at express delivery enterprises remain insufficiently considered. Goal. Improving the efficiency of the warehouse system of express delivery companies by streamlining the parameters of the warehouse based on the application of logistics management to warehousing processes. Methodology. The analyzed parameters of the warehouse reflect the volume and mass characteristics that allow to assess the efficiency of the warehouse in relation to the use of its usable area, capacity. Results. Based on the analysis of the functioning of the warehouse system, the parameters of the warehouse are set, taking into account the peculiarities of the logistics management of express delivery companies. Originality. A model for determining the cost of storage of goods is presented, which takes into account the time of circulation of goods in the warehouse. Practical value. The parameters of work of a warehouse are offered, the features of logistic management of system of express delivery are considered. As a result of the analysis of the offered criterion of efficiency – the expenses for storage of cargoes in a warehouse, the basic elements influencing efficiency of functioning of a warehouse system of the enterprises of express delivery are determined.


In my article I suggest looking at the phenomenon of solitude in culture not only as an opportunity to study an intimate and individual experience, to which numerous descriptions refer. I would rather consider whether possessing knowledge about this experience we acquire competencies regarding the culture in which this solitude has occurred. The discourse of melancholy, for which the space of solitude and confrontation with the ultimate has been the natural environment, supports me in describing the space of solitude in culture. For the purposes of reflection, I initiate my own definition of solitude as a space between life and death. That space allows the individual to feel the energy of life and the presence of death, even in such moments of human life (youth) when the individual is not fully aware of their role in society, and is in the process of crystallizing their identity. In this case, solitude as a space between would be a state of suspension, which, however, prepares for active, independent life in the community. In this article, I refer to the postulate of the German culture researcher Thomas Macho in order to treat the experience of solitude as a context, an opportunity to practise techniques of culture, as well as to heterotopic space as defined by Michel Foucault.


The Russian literature in the 1990s is multifaceted,marginalized and commercialized. There are three new trends: the infiltration of media into the writers′s life,literary works going digital and the ambiguity of the literary language. Presently there are three hot spots in Russian literature: new immigrant literature,religious literature and post-modern literature.


We introduce a general formulation, called non-negative graph embedding, for non-negative data decomposition by integrating the characteristics of both intrinsic and penalty graphs [17]. In the past, such a decomposition was obtained mostly in an unsupervised manner, such as Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and its variants, and hence unnecessary to be powerful at classification. In this work, the non-negative data decomposition is studied in a unified way applicable for both unsupervised and supervised/semi-supervised configurations. The ultimate data decomposition is separated into two parts, which separatively preserve the similarities measured by the intrinsic and penalty graphs, and together minimize the data reconstruction error. An iterative procedure is derived for such a purpose, and the algorithmic non-negativity is guaranteed by the non-negative property of the inverse of any M-matrix. Extensive experiments compared with NMF and conventional solutions for graph embedding demonstrate the algorithmic properties in sparsity, classification power, and robustness to image occlusions.


The development of technology demands a variety of activities that can be easily accessed regardless of space and time. The development of information technology has become an innovative, dynamic, and economically profitable solution. Information technology is the answer to the problems and challenges faced by the world of education. Cloud computing is changing the way information technology services are provided and distributed so that institutions have the opportunity to access the educational and scientific information. Cloud computing technology is a new paradigm in the delivery of computing services, which has many advantages compared to conventional systems. This study discusses cloud computing in general and some examples of the application of cloud computing services and their benefits in the Electrical Engineering Education Study Program environment. The case study taken is the application of cloud computing services in the Electrical Engineering Education Study Program, where cloud computing is a computing model, as resources such as processors or computing power, storage, networks, and software are abstracted and provided as services on a network or internet with using the remote access pattern. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cloud computing might be applied to learning, as well as the benefits provided by cloud computing in the development of learning systems. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of literature studies. Based on the research conducted, the results show that the services provided by cloud computing have various benefits, namely increasing efficiency and effectiveness in the use of cloud computing-based technology in the learning process.


Nowaday,viral insecticide is hotspot in develope of biologic pesticide.The research,the exploiture,the advantage and disadvantage of viral insecticide were introduced,and then the developmental perspective of viral insecticide was given.


In this paper, we present an extension of the modified single oscillator model able to predict the temperature related variations of refractive index of InP/InGaAsP materials. Model is based on three parameters- oscillation energy, dispersion energy and bandgap energy. The proposed model enables to calculate the thermo-optic coefficient in the typical telecommunication wavelength range. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental data and found in good agreement.


Abstract : An Author Certificate has been issued for a neutron pulse generator containing an accumulating capacitor, a high-voltage impulse transformer, an accelerator tube, and a start pulse generator. To simplify the system, the accumulating capacitor, which is connected in series to the primary winding of the pulse transformer, is connected in parallel to the discharge gap of the accelerator tube.


............................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1: Introduction ...............................................................................................................1 Situating the Study of Student Engagement .............................................................................3 Sociological Relevance ...........................................................................................................4 The Current Project .................................................................................................................6 Review of Chapters ............................................................................................................... 11 Chapter 2: Literature Review..................................................................................................... 12 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 12 Theories of Learning ............................................................................................................. 13 What is Engagement? ............................................................................................................ 15 Surveys of Student Engagement ............................................................................................ 16 What Causes Engagement?.................................................................................................... 17 How Does Engagement Affect Learning and Achievement? .................................................. 25 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 26 Chapter 3: Methods ................................................................................................................... 28 Researcher Positioning .......................................................................................................... 29 Rationale for a Mixed Methods Study ................................................................................... 29 Sample Selection ................................................................................................................... 31 Recruitment ........................................................................................................................... 33 Data Collection and Analysis ................................................................................................ 34 Ethical Concerns ................................................................................................................... 42 Methodological Limitations................................................................................................... 44 Chapter 4: The REaL Factor ...................................................................................................... 47 Conceptualizing Engagement and Teacher Behaviors ............................................................ 47 Exploratory Factor Analysis .................................................................................................. 53 Correlations ........................................................................................................................... 66 Discussion ............................................................................................................................. 66 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 73 Chapter 5: A Typology of Teaching Styles ................................................................................ 74 Engagement by Professor ...................................................................................................... 74 Classrooms ............................................................................................................................ 76


Ten insecticides were applied Aug 12 to a chinch bug infested lawn, consisting of fine leafed fescue (85%) and KY bluegrass (15%). Due to the limited size of the home lawn, treatment plots were 5x5 ft. They were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Liquid formulations were applied in 1 gal of water with a hand held sprinkling can. Granular formulations were applied with a hand held shaker, followed by watering in with 1 gal of water. Environmental conditions were as follows: air temperature, 80°F; soil temperature, 60°F; soil type, silt-clay-loam; soil pH, 6.9; soil condition, moist; percent organic matter, 2.6; and amount of thatch, 0.5-0.75 inch. A flotation method was used for sampling, using 6 inch dia circular cans. Post-treatment counts were made at 7 day (Aug 19) and 28 day (Sep 9) intervals. Three locations were randomly selected within each replicate, and the total number of chinch bugs rising to the surface over a 10 min count (per loction) was recorded and converted to a ft2 count.


This paper analyzes the conflicts between the demands of medical staff and the collection,and probes into the measures for acquisitioning foreign medical literature by using network database.


[Problem] To enable a parking action of a travel body by a simple movement locus without the need for troublesome initial setting operation by a driver, or normative data, and a complicated control program.
[Solution] After a parking area (21c) as a target is identified on the basis of information output from a detection means for lateral state detection (B) installed in a travel body (2), the turning angle (R) of pivot turn required for matching the attitude of the travel body (2) with the parking area (21c) and the linear movement amount required for locating the travel body (2) on the parking area (21c) are obtained on the basis of a turning center (Q) of the travel body (2) in a pivot turn mode and information of the parking area (21c) identified, and turning in the pivot turn mode and linear traveling in a normal travel mode are performed in this order on the basis of the turning angle (R) and the linear movement amount.


This case study examined employees' perceptions about the types of information management could productively communicate through electronic communication to augment face-to-face contact with employees. The benefits of effective face-to-face communication between managers and staff are widely appreciated; however, the costs associated with this mode of communication require organizations to make decisions about when scarce resources should be allocated for face-to-face communication and when the alternative, less costly resource of electronic communication could be substituted. The study determined that employees perceived human resource information that is private (confidential), personal, or sensitive as critical to receive through face-to-face contact. Employees perceived that information not deemed confidential—meeting times, training times, policy changes, system problems, and information with numerous details—were just as productive and some even critical to receive through e-mail.


this implies also to the rest of the book, that any information which could have given some colour to the narration has been left out or relegated to footnotes. Besides it may be mentioned that in 1984 a book has been published by W.A. Nelson, entirely devoted to The Dutch forts of Sri Ijinka. The disproportionate distribution of the various subjects and the manner in which they have been worked out raises the question for whom the book is written. More critical remarks can be made, e.g. why the synopsis of Governors and Generals was put at the end of part 2 instead of at the beginning, and why, for apparent lack of drawn material, no photographs were used to clarify the now almost incomprehensible chapter about Dutch architecture; and here again, why no map of the island with all the locations referred to? In the chapter 'Customs, Occupations, Dress, Flora and Fauna' at the end of part 2 (pp. 350-426), the authors really missed an opportunity. After a short introduction, Robert Knox (1681) is quoted extensively regarding the first two sections, but the flora and fauna are rounded off in a single paragraph. And that whilst the investigation of nature by the Dutch of that period was at an extremely high level. Magnificently illustrated works resulting from that research, such as Hortus Indiais Malabaricus by Adriaan van Rheede tot Drakesteyn and the Thesaurus Zeylanicus by Joh. Burmann are dismissed with the phrases 'These are massive works entirely beyond the scope of this book. We have therefore merely reproduced a few examples in order to indicate to the reader the quality of the drawings' (p. 352). Van Rheede has really been treated with injustice: he cannot be found in the index (which is unfortunately also the case with a number of others) and the appended texts apparently have been written by another, most probably by Knox, whereby no quotation markes are used. Neither is he mentioned in the biographical abstracts. This in contrast with a man like Cornelis de Bruyn: a travelling artist and writer who scarcely set foot ashore in Ceylon. (Regarding De Bruyn an error is commonly made, and also in this book, that he would have been financed by the Amsterdam burgomaster Nicolaas Witsen. This is not correct: De Bruyn only travelled on letters of recommendation from Witsen. Apart from that, Witsen, who as a Board member of the VOC has incited many investigations on Ceylon (of which reports and drawings still exist), has neither been mentioned in the index.) In contrast with the foregoing criticism regarding the method and readability, the book will make a favourable impression at the coffee-table. The beautiful print and the magnificent reproductions will suffice for a public that has money, but no time to read: a public that is more and more increasing. Marion Peters


Sandia National Laboratories is developing a technology called Laser Engineered Net Shaping{trademark} (LENS{trademark}). This process allows complex 3-dimensional solid metallic objects to be directly fabricated for a CAD solid model. Experiments performed demonstrate that complex alloys such as Inconel{trademark} 625 and ANSI stainless steel alloy 316 can be used in the LENS{trademark} process to produce solid metallic-shapes. In fact, the fabricated structures exhibit grain growth across the deposition layer boundaries. Mechanical testing data of deposited 316 stainless steel material indicates that the deposited material strength and elongation are greater than that reported for annealed 316 stainless steel. Electron microprobe analysis of the deposited Inconel{trademark} 625 material shows no compositional degradation of the 625 alloy and that 100% dense structures can be obtained using this technique. High speed imaging used to acquire process data during experimentation shows that the powder particle size range can significantly affect the stability, and subsequently, the performance of the powder deposition process. Finally, dimensional studies suggest that dimensional accuracy to {+-} 0.002 inches (in the horizontal direction) can be maintained.


Chapter 7 turns to the interviewees' phase of membership within the movement. For the majority of the interviewees, membership satisfied their quest for significance, purpose and acceptance. Nonetheless, life on the fringes of society was not all pleasant. Analyses revealed a significant increase over time in hardships experienced by our research participants, specifically, hardships related to the experience of discrimination and physical harm. The chapter explores these experiences in some detail and examines their impact on members' commitment to the extreme movement. Finally, we examined participation in violence, and whether belief in various ideological ploys of the right-wing narrative (i.e., those that justify violence on moral grounds or denigrate the opposition) augmented individuals' tendency to participate in violence.


The aim of this study is to describe a new keratoconus detection method based on the analysis of certain parametric morphogeometric operators extracted from a custom patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) model of the human cornea. A corneal geometric reconstruction is firstly performed using zonal functions and retrospective Scheimpflug tomography data from 107 eyes of 107 patients. The posterior corneal surface is later analysed using an optimised computational geometry technique and the morphology of healthy and keratoconic corneas is characterized by means of geometric variables. The performance of these variables as predictors of a new geometric marker is assessed through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and their correlations are analysed through Pearson or Spearman coefficients. The posterior apex deviation variable shows the best keratoconus diagnosis capability. However, the strongest correlations in both healthy and pathological corneas are provided by the metrics directly related to the thickness as the sagittal plane area at the apex and the sagittal plane area at the minimum thickness point. A comparison of the screening of keratoconus provided by the Sirius topographer and the detection of corneal ectasia using the posterior apex deviation parameter is also performed, demonstrating the accuracy of this characterization as an effective marker of the diagnosis and ectatic disease progression.


Electricity is the pinnacle of human civilization. At present, the growing concerns over significant climate change have intensified the importance of use of renewable energy technologies for electricity generation. The interest is primarily due to better energy security, smaller environmental impact and providing a sustainable alternative compared to the conventional energy sources. Solar, wind, biomass, tide, and wave are some of the most reliable sources of renewable energy. Ocean approximately holds 2×10 TW of energy and has the largest renewable energy resource on the planet. Ocean energy has many forms namely, encompassing tides, ocean circulation, surface waves, salinity and thermal gradients etc. Ocean tide in particular, associates both potential and kinetic energy. The study is focused on the latter concept that deals with tidal current energy conversion technologies. Tidal streams or marine currents generate kinetic energy that can be extracted by marine current energy devices and converted into transmittable energy form. The principle of technology development is very comparable to that of wind turbines. Conversion of marine tidal resources into substantial electrical power offers immense opportunities to countries endowed with such resources and this work is aimed at addressing similar prospects of Bangladesh. The study analyses the extracted current velocities from numerical model works at several locations in the Bay of Bengal. Based on current magnitudes, directions and available technologies the most fitted locations were adopted and possible annual generation capacity was estimated. The paper also examines the future prospects of tidal current energy along the Bay of Bengal and establishes a constructive approach that could be adopted in future project developments.


Growth of CdTe (111) layers on GaAs (100) and GaAs (111) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) has been investigated using a commercial, vertical, high‐speed, rotating disk reactor. Dimethylcadmium (DMCd) and diisopropyltelluride (DIPTe) were used as the growth precursors. The growth rate was measured over the temperature range from 308 to 402 °C. DMCd molar growth efficiencies greater than 50% are obtained for growth temperatures greater than 368 °C. X‐ray rocking curves for the (422) and (333) reflection planes of CdTe (111)<90 arcsec full width at half maximum were obtained at 380 °C for films on the (111) substrates. Scanning electron microscopy on cleaved wafers and infrared interference spectroscopy show edge‐to‐edge thickness uniformity to be 1.3%. The far‐infrared reflectivity was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to obtain the TO phonon spectra. These data indicate that the thickness and dielectric constant of the CdTe is extremely uniform. Overall, t...


This paper presents a hybrid active pixel sensor (HAPS) with high-sensitivity and extended dynamic range without any complex circuit. The photodetector (PD) of the proposed HAPS is composed of a gate/body-tied (GBT) PD for high-sensitivity and a conventional n-well/p-sub PD on the same focal plane for attaining normal image. The gain of the GBT PD is a hundred-times larger compared to the conventional n-well/p-sub PD. The structure of the proposed APS is similar to the conventional 3-transistor APS. Only two transistors are added for selecting each PD (GBT PD and n-well/p-sub PD). Adding the two transfer switches allows to have two modes: the high-sensitivity mode for low-light level detection and the normal mode for higher image quality. In order to reduce pixel size of the proposed APS, the row select transistor is eliminated. Dynamic range of the proposed APS is increased to approximately 86 dB. Its pixel size is 10 μm2 for testing pixel performance. The proposed APS is being fabricated by using 1-poly 6-metal 0.18 μm standard CMOS technology.


Cytotoxicity of organotin compounds is assessed and their effectiveness against leukemia is discussed. The functional groups attached to the tin atom in organotin compounds control the cytotoxicity of the compound towards the thymus gland. The four organotin moieties which have the greatest toxic effect upon the thymus gland are the tri-n-butyltin, di-n-butyltin, tri-n-propyltin and di-n-octyltin groups. Compounds containing these groups also exhibit the poorest test-control ratio (T/C) values when tested as anti-cancer agents against leukemic mice using NCI protocol.


The effects on cerebral hemodynamics of venisection and a 4% albumin‐saline infusion were studied in six patients withhigh hematocrit (mean, 51.5%). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured using the xenon 133 intracarotid injection method. Blood gases were measured in arterial and jugular venous blood. Rapid two‐stage hemodilution, which lowered mean hematocrit by 9 and 13%, resulted in CBF increases of 19 and 23%, respectively. Jugular venous partial pressure of oxygen and oxygen delivery capacity (CBF × arterial oxygen content) did not change significantly from baseline. The cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen increased slightly following stage 1 hemodilution but returned to baseline value following stage 2. The study lends no support to the concept that patients whose hematocrit is at the high end of the normal range have genealized cerebral hypoxia.


As the rapid growth of computing demand in cloud computing, the virtualization of data center network is more and more deployed. The data center is reconstructed to Software Defined Data Center with the technical of Software defined network. The services of data center are formed into Virtual Data Center, which is based on the virtual resource collection of the physical network section. So the VDC embedding problems is important. In order to minimal the cost and maximal the revenue of the resources of the data center, a VDC embedding scheme is proposed based on the Virtual Nodes Combination (VNC) method. The VNC combines the virtual nodes that connected by high bandwidth requirement, rebuilds the topology of the VDC request, and make the topology of VDC request smaller and removes the virtual links that has high bandwidth requirement. The simulation results show that the VNC embedding scheme has the better acceptance ratio and the value of Revenue/Cost.


Abstract Interpretation of interest inventories deepens self-knowledge, promotes career exploration, and assists counselors in understanding a client. This article highlights findings from the studies that appear in this special issue of the journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, with implications for encouraging clients flexibility in thinking about their interests and for studying the interpretations from inventories that clients incorporate and apply.


Breath analysis of propofol is a potential noninvasive method for approximating the plasma propofol concentration. There have been various reported techniques for measuring the exhaled propofol concentration at steady state; however, the propofol concentration undergoes marked changes during clinical anesthesia. Therefore, this study investigated the use of membrane inlet‐ion mobility spectrometry (MI‐IMS) to monitor exhaled propofol discontinuously and continuously during propofol anesthesia.


Based on the analysis to the pricing principles and the cost of water supply, this paper proposes the water price fixing method for the Xi'an Water Supply Company.


We present the sonographic finding of flapping of the dissected intima inside the carotid artery in a 48‐year‐old man who suffered an acute stroke after vigorous use of a jackhammer. The dissected intima was seen to flap inside the lumen regularly and in synchrony with the vessel's pulse. There was no distal segmental stenosis. The extracranial blood flow velocities were within normal limits and transcranial Doppler examination did not reveal any velocity alteration. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2009


The invention comprising: a) hydrolyzing the methyl formate to obtain a mixture of water, formic acid, methanol and excess methyl formate, b) step to remove the water, formic acid, methanol and excess methyl formate mixture of methanol and methyl formate by distillation to obtain from the aqueous formic acid, step c) using the formate ester to obtain one or more of a mixture of ester formate and formic acid By extracting the aqueous formic acid, and d) benzyl formate and formic acid in the step of separating by distillation It relates to a process for producing formic acid comprising a. The method of the invention enables a smooth synthesis of formic acid. Decomposition of formic acid is only generated in a small amount, and under the reaction conditions of formic acid represents a limited corrosion effect. Formic acid, methyl formate, hydrolysis, water, methanol, distillation, formate ester, degradation, corrosion effect


Logistical support of military forces in the theater of operations during conventional warfare by shipment of large volumes of containerized cargo requires sustained use of strategic port and harbor facilities. While it is necessary that such containership port facilities always be capable of optimum use, it is highly probable they will be potential targets for destruction by hostile forces. It is critically important that repairs be made as quickly as possible after such an attack. Due to disruption of supplies, conventional repair materials and equipment will not be readily available. Recent changes in marine shipping and military doctrine require the development of improved and standardized remedies for war-damaged ports by U.S. Army Port Construction Companies (PCC), who are responsible for restoring damaged or destroyed ports to operation.


stroke patients complicated with obstinate singultus were treated by instrument like spatula which stimulated throat and arose sickness and cough in it.Marked efficiency rate of30cases reached83.3%,and efficiency rate16.7%.The authors thought throat stimulation used in treating complicated obstinate singultus in stroke patient was better than others and suggested some advice.


All the botanicals and animal products were found effective. However, among botanicals Cannabis sativa extract showed highest reduction in disease severity (82.1%), maximum increase grain yield (48.4%) as well as maximum 1000-grain weight (30.2%), while among animal products cow urine revealed highest reduction in disease severity (69.6%), maximum increase grain yield (33.1%) as well as maximum 1000-grain weight (49.7%.) as compared to control.


Chemistry and reactivity of dimolybdathiaborane, [(Cp∗Mo)2B4SH6], 1, obtained from the reaction of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, [Cp∗MoCl4] and [LiBH4.thf], has been explored with dinuclear metal carbonyl [Fe2(CO)9]. As a result, reaction of 1 with [Fe2(CO)9] yielded heterometallathiaborane, [(Cp∗Mo)2B4H6SFe(CO)3], 2 in good yield. Both the new compounds have been characterized in solution by 1H, 11B and 13C NMR spectroscopy and the structural types were unequivocally established by X-ray crystallographic analysis of compound 2. Cluster 2 has a bicapped octahedral geometry with the {Fe(CO)3} fragment occupying one of the high-connectivity cluster vertexes rather than a capping position. Interestingly, cluster 1 undergoes geometric changes (bicapped trigonal bipyramid → bicapped octahedron) on the addition of two-electron {Fe(CO)3} fragment to 1.


The cyclic life of IN738LC, a widely used nickel base superalloy for blades in stationary gas turbines, was investigated under thermo-mechanical fatigue loading using a temperature variation range of 1023 to 1223 K, with temperature variation rate in the range of 6 to 15 K/min. Simple thermo-mechanical cycles with linear sequences corresponding to in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) tests were performed. Both the IP and OP tests were carried out at different constant mechanical strain ranges varied between 0.8 to 2.0% and at a constant mechanical strain rate of 10 -5 s -1 . Thermo-mechanical fatigue lives under both test conditions were compared with each other and with those of isothermal LCF tests at a temperature of 1223 K. The results show that the life under thermo-mechanical fatigue is strongly dependent on the nature of the test, i.e. stress controlled or strain controlled.


'Gaadhoo Koa Channel' is an atoll pass located in the southern tip of Male Atoll, Maldives, which separates the capital city, Male and the main international airport Hulhule island. The Gaadhoo Koa channel is known for its strong tidal flow and strong swell waves and is located in a strategic area which includes the main shipping lane for Male port and also marine traffic lanes connecting both Male and Hulhule with nearby inhibited islands and tourist resorts. Recently, a water crossing bridge has been constructed across the channel connecting these two islands. As a result, 21 bridge piers have been built across the channel which can result in potential changes of the flow regime in the vicinity of the bridge. This project report presents a numerical modelling study to investigate the hydrodynamic impact of the bridge piers in the Gaadhoo Koa channel. Various different software used for hydrodynamic modelling were explored and Delft3D-FLOW software was chosen. The model results were calibrated against water level data from Hulhule station and finally model simulations were run to assess the hydrodynamic impact of the bridge piers. The results indicated that the flows in the close vicinity of the bridge were reduced with the introduction of bridge piers. Also, the magnitude of flow velocity reduced around bridge piers and increased in between bridge piers. Furthermore, the overall velocity distribution in the northern region from the bridge axis showed a decreased pattern while the southern regions showed an increased pattern: peak velocity in the northern region decreased by 7.3 % 500 m from bridge axis while peak velocity in the southern region raised by 33% 500 m from bridge axis. Based on these findings, it can be considered that the introduction of bridge piers can have a considerable impact on the hydrodynamic conditions of Gaadhoo Koa atoll pass.


A new high temperature inorganic wear resistant coating has been prepared by sol-gel and micro-grit process. The coating has good wear resistance at high temperature up to 950℃ .


In this report we present a summary of the Land & Water Australia funded project
Pathways to good practice in regional NRM governance, and indicate what we
consider to be the main contributions of the work. The project was conceived to
assess the effectiveness of regional natural resource management (NRM) governance
and to develop a standard for good-practice. The work is focussed on nine regions
across Tasmania (Cradle Coast, South), Victoria (Corangamite, North Central,
Goulburn-Broken) and NSW (Central West, Murray, Lachlan, Northern Rivers), as
well as the state jurisdictions of NSW, Victoria and Tasmania and the national level.


1. The incorporation of a company 2. The classification of companies 3. The memorandum of association 4. The articles of association 5. The promoter 6. Raising capital 7. The allotment of shares 8. Share capital 9. Shares 10. Membership of a company 11. Meetings 12. Directors 13. The company secretary 14. Majority rule, minority protection and investigations 15. The accounts 16. Auditors 17. Dividends 18. Debentures 19. Administration orders and voluntary arrangements 20. Winding up - I 21. Winding up - II 22. Reconstruction, amalgamations and take-overs Appendices Index


Case I.-A. W., male, aged 12. Walked well till aged 5, when weakness began and has slowly progressed. There is wasting and weakness of the shoulder girdle muscles, and to a less extent of the pelvic girdle muscles. He can sit up well and gets up from the floor with ease. The most striking features are the lordosis when he walks and the oscillation to and fro of the lumbar spines. Knee-jerks active. Ankle-jerks active. Abdominal reflexes active. Plantar reflex flexor. Blood: Wassermann reaction positive. Cerebrospinal fluid normal; Wassermann reaction negative.