The title of this book, Teacher Education in Transition, is well chosen. The authors take as their focus policy changes in the form, content and provision of initial teacher education in England and Wales and ask for the reasons behind the changes which have dominated teacher education since the mid 1980s. Re-forming professionalism is the answer they come up with. Furlong et al. turn to Bowe and Ball's analysis of the policy process and their discussion of the 'context of in uence', 'the context of text production' and the 'context of practice' to help understand the changes they describe. Whilst the authors primarily address the latter they also identify key in uences on the production of various government circulars which have prescribed the format of teacher education and the kind of professional desired by the state. Amongst the voices they highlight have been protagonists for change from neoLiberals and neo-Conservatives of the New Right. There have also been in uences from within the profession, and in uences from those within the state or those appointed directly by it. Readers are therefore provided with a lens through which to view the direction of change but are left to draw their own conclusions as to the relative in uence of these groups on the policies that have emerged. Despite changes in government, Furlong et al. show a measure of continuity in the direction of reforms. For example, they point to the position held by the neo-Liberals during successive Conservative governments. Apparent throughout has been their desire for greater diversity of provision in order to reduce the monopoly of teacher education within higher education, to enable schools to enter the market and, as with neo-Conservatives, for professionals to model themselves on practitioners in schools. Whilst the authors document particular instances of this through the greater role of schools including the establishment of School Centred Initial Teacher Training Schemes, I suggest there are now further examples in the Labour Party's Green Paper proposals for Training Schools. In other words teacher education remains in transition and the authors' analysis continues to offer important insights beyond the time scale addressed in this text. The main focus of the book is, however, a retrospective analysis of the 'context of practice', with Furlong et al. drawing on data from their Modes of Teacher Education


A in the anode dead-end type fuel cell, as well as effectively use the fuel gas, so that it is possible to suppress the deterioration due to carbon oxidation of the membrane electrode assembly comprising the fuel cell. A fuel cell stack, first has a first cell comprising a first fuel gas channel, during power generation, the concentration decreases easily flow channel structure of the fuel gas than the first fuel gas channel so and a second cell comprising a second fuel gas flow passage, the second cell, installing a sensor for detecting a decrease in the concentration of fuel gas during power generation. For example, the stenosis 43e to constrict the flow path cross-sectional area in the fuel gas passage of the anode side separator 43B constituting the second cell 40B (groove 43Bd) provided, pressure downstream of the constriction 43e is lower region installing a hydrogen concentration sensor 43s to. Then, the hydrogen concentration sensor 43s, when the hydrogen concentration is detected to be equal to or less than a predetermined value, discharges the anode off gas out of the fuel cell stack. .Field


Complex dynamics of stock market could be attributed to various factors ranging from company's financial ratios to investors' sentiment and reaction to Financial news. The paper aims to classify Financial news articles as "hot" (significant) and "non-hot" (non-significant). The study is carried out using Dow Jones newswires text feed for a period of four years spanning from 2013 till 2017. Bag-of-ngrams appraoch and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) were used for text representation and text weighting, respectively. Four linear classifiers, namely, Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k Nearest Neighbours (kNN) and multinomial Naïve Bayes (mNB) were used. Grid search was used for hyperparameter optimisation. Performance of the classifiers was evaluated using five measures, namely, success rate, precision, recall, F1 measure and area under receiver operating characteristics curve. LR and SVM outperformed other models in terms of all five performance measures for both Bag-of-ngrams model and Bag-of-ngrams model with TF-IDF approach. Use of TF-IDF improved performance of the classifiers, especially, in case of mNB. This study serves as a stepping stone in identification of important/relevant news, which could used as predictors for stock price forecasting.


It is indeed a great pleasure for me to pen a response to Adela Abella's Letter to the Editor entitled "The infantile: More than Hilflosigkeit?" The letter is a deep and at the same time open reflection on the theme of the 52nd Congress of the IPA, the title of which was "The Infantile", and the debates that took place during the first online meeting of the IPA in the last two weeks of July this year. The text addresses directly the discussions we had choosing the theme of the Congress, especially as one of the first issues that came up was that in some languages – English, for example – the word "infantile" has a negative connotation pointing as it can to, for instance, immature behaviour. Moreover, there seem to have been differences over the translation of the term "infantile", and both issues are addressed by Adela in her letter. Taking all of the considerations into account, however, we came to the conclusion that the concept has different meanings in different cultures and that this questioning could itself form part of the debate to take place. But let me say something about how we came to choose this topic for the congress in the first place. On the one hand, the choice followed on from "The Feminine", the topic of the 2019 Congress in London, in the sense that it was an attempt to stimulate the process of conceptualization of the terminology that we psychoanalysts use in our debates and publications, something that often happens while ignoring the cloud of meanings which surround each term. On the other hand, we came to the conclusion that the linguistic questions linked to "the infantile" should form part of the debate at the heart of the congress as those questions appeared to go beyond the semantic, opening up other paths of investigation and discussion. Yet another reason for the choice of the title was that, as a child analyst, I firmly believe that analytic work with children makes an invaluable contribution to psychoanalytic work with patients of all ages. In my time in the IPA, I was the Chair of the Integrated Training Committee from 2009 to 2015 when approval was given for the possibility for every Institute or Component Organization to offer an Integrated Training Program under the definition that forms the basis of such a programme: an additional and optional track for IPA training, in order to become a recognized adult, child and adolescent analyst. The practice of child analysis is an appropriate instrument to foster the development of an analyst's receptivity to transference work with both child and adult patients, and a way to enhance our effectiveness as adult analysts. Analytic work with children requires the analyst to tune themselves as a therapeutic instrument, that is, to train their sensitivity, to "listen" to the child's non-verbal communications, and to understand their transferences to us by studying our often intense countertransferences. Turning to the question posed in the title of the Letter to the Editor concerning whether the infantile goes beyond Hilflosigkeit, I would like to take up this question and offer my own point of view. Personally, I was not left with the impression that this vision of the infantile was the predominant one in the debates at the congress. I agree with Abella that Hilflosigkeit is a historical concept in psychoanalysis that, if taken as the predominant vision, constitutes a


The invention discloses a method for mass production of pseudorabies virus vaccine, comprising the following steps: (a) adding netty polyester fiber which serves as a carrier into a bioreactor provided with a tide type micro-carrier suspension culture system and inoculating cells for producing vaccine; (b) inoculating pseudorabies virus vaccine when the culture cell grows to a certain intensity, so that the cells are infected by the pseudorabies virus vaccine; (c) reproducing the virus in great numbers under appropriate conditions; (d) harvesting the virus when cytopathic rate reaches above 70%; (e) carrying out freeze thawing on the harvested virus for once or twice to lead the cells to completely come off and disperse and then adding freeze-drying protective agent, evenly mixing the mixture, packaging the mixture in fixed volume and freeze-drying.The method of the invention has the advantages of good stability, explicit process control indicators, good controllability, easy operation, large process scale and the like.


Age estimation of children from dental images is one of the most reliable methods and Demirjian's approach is commonly used for this purpose. Demirjian method estimates the tooth development state and age according to the predefined tables and rules. In this study, we propose to estimate the tooth development stages with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and age with machine learning. A CNN is trained from scratch to classify the stages of hidden teeth at the left mandibula and age is estimated with LightGBM regressor according to the stages. The numerical results show that the proposed method outperforms Demirjian method with age estimation with 10.85 months error.


Background: According to the Nigerian Thoracic Society, there are about 15 million asthmatics in Nigeria. Poor inhaler techniques may lead to inadequate symptom control or death. Pharmacists can promote asthma selfmanagement through proper demonstration of the use of asthma devices. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess hospital pharmacists' roles in promoting asthma selfmanagement. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital pharmacists in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) between May to July, 2017. As of the time of the study, there were 198 hospital pharmacists practicing in UNTH. A 29-item structured self-administered questionnaire assessing information on stock, action plan for pharmacists, opinions on current asthma management, interventions with asthma patients and factors influencing pharmacists' interventions with asthma patients was utilized. Validated checklists were used to assess inhaler techniques and peak flow meter use, respectively, from participants' demonstrations using dummy inhalers and peak flow meters. Poor techniques were corrected after each demonstration. Results: Eighty three questionnaires were completed and returned (41.9% participation rate). More than 90% of the hospital pharmacists claimed to educate patients about their asthma medications. Only about a quarter (25.3%) claimed to help asthma patients use peak flow meters appropriately. Less than half (39.8%) of the hospital pharmacists were willing to intervene with asthma patients. Summarily, the demonstrated good techniques for the asthma devices were: pMDI (26.5%), accuhaler (24.1%), turbuhaler (14.5%), pMDI plus spacer (1.2%), peak flow meter (1.2%). Conclusion: Although the hospital pharmacists believed that they had competence to educate on inhaler techniques, they demonstrated poor inhaler techniques and were deficient in the knowledge of peak flow meter use.


In order to characterize the processing of prolactin (PRL) by mammary cells, cells were loaded with PRL and PRL were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Receptorbound PRL had the same molecular weight (23, 000) as authentic PRL. No peaks with a molecular weight smaller than 23, 000 were detected. PRL in the PRL-receptor complex was protected from a proteolytic enzyme (s). It was concluded that PRL was degraded after dissociation from the receptor.


This paper analyzed the cooperation between construction enterprises in game theory. Research shows construction enterprises in building trade cluster must go out of the "prisoner's dilemma", when they compete or cooperate. Construction enterprise for effective cooperation can make building trade cluster express build-up effect and construction enterprises are in win-win situation. Coordination mechanism of building trade cluster development in China is not effective, research gives advices to improve it.


In this paper technical and economic feasibility study of hybrid system with storage for a fishing village in the southern Moroccan coastline is carried out. The village under study can stand for most fishing villages of the area of southern Moroccan coastline. Since these villages might not have easy access to the national electricity grid, their energy needs are ensured by highly polluting generators with high energy generation cost in the long term. One of the solutions for decreasing power systems energy cost in these villages is installation of hybrid energy systems. In order to comprehend the viability of such systems, a pilot site was chosen: Lamhiriz, a small village of 4625 inhabitants with an annual consumption of 1.3 GWh. The new power system investigated for Lamhiriz village is diesel-wind hybrid system with electrochemical and thermal storages. First, energy consumption and wind potential of Lamhiriz are presented, then it comes the design of the hybrid system that was approached in two ways: a first configuration of the hybrid system is obtained by economical simulation on HOMER software. In a second step, the sizing problem is solved as an optimization problem where we try to minimize the cost of energy generated by each element of the system in order to meet the electrical demand. Once the optimum sizing obtained, the appropriate energy management is chosen. The GAMS software was used to approach the optimal sizing and energy management. The results found by both HOMER and GAMS are compared in order to see the one meeting the expectations of an optimized system. Energy cost results brought by the optimized hybrid system is compared with energy cost brought by a conventional diesel system.


ABSTRACT Expression of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins has proven to be a successful strategy for obtaining insect resistance in transgenic plants. Drawbacks of expression of a single resistance gene are the limited target spectrum and the potential for rapid adaptation of the pest. Hybrid toxins with a wider target spectrum in combination with existing toxins may be used as tool to mitigate these problems. In this study Red Star potato plants were genetically modified to resist insect attack by Colorado potato beetle, through insertion of synthetic version of such a hybrid gene, SN19. This makes it a useful tool for resistance management strategies.


The purpose of this study is an attempt to explore the impact of various market structure elements (Research and Development/ RD those who�s major manufacturing operations is pharmaceuticals and those whose manufacturing operations may include pharmaceuticals, but they represent only a section of the firms manufacturing operations. This includes approximately 332 publicly traded United States firms. The study findings indicate that firm size and R & D intensity are associated significantly and positively with ROA and ROE, whereas advertising intensity and capital intensity are significantly and positively associated with ROE only in the pharmaceutical industry. However, Inventory Turnover is not statistically significant for both ROA and ROE and cannot be used to determine the financial performance of US pharmaceutical firms.


OFDM(Optical Frequency Division Multiplexing) provides a promising solution for delivering high data rate , large link range for Free space optical link even for worse atmospheric condition like fog, haze, rain etc. With the help of OFDM high spectral efficiency can be achieved as the data is distributed over large number of orthogonal carrier. This paper investigate the performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based Free Space optical (FSO) Communication System. By using 4-Level QAM and OFDM Modulation, 20Gbps data is transmitted through the FSO system under different weather condition. Further improvement in the link rage can be done by use of SOA (semiconductor optical amplifier). In the current work maximum link range achieved is 260km for clear weather (attenuation 0.11dBm) whereas for heavy fog(attenuation 22dBm) the maximum distance achieved is 4 km.


Parliamentary enclosure is considered between the mid‐eighteenth and the mid‐nineteenth centuries. Three motives for enclosure are identified: to change the structure of rural society, to secure profit, and to promote social stability. Enclosure laid the basis for the final destruction of the English peasantry. Those who gained were, essentially, large landlords and large capitalist tenants. Those who lost were all other members of rural society who relied on their rights of commons: and especially independent owners of small acreages, cottagers with no holdings in the common fields and squatters on the commons. The article seeks to establish (1) the importance and value of commons and rights of common and (2) what happened at enclosure when rights of common were abolished; with evidence almost entirely from the Parts of Lindsey in North Lincolnshire. From c.1790 onwards (until well after 1870, in fact) there was a prolonged attack on all aspects of rural popular culture and parliamentary enclosure was one important element in that attack.


The Spanish-American War epitomized "mission creep" long before the term came into popular use. A war declared to stop human rights abuses in Spanish-ruled Cuba ended with the United States as an emergent imperial power, with possessions in the Philippines and the Caribbean. The war's shifting objectives and unforeseen outcomes inevitably were reflected in the fin-de-steele American press and popular culture, as Bonnie M. Miller describes well in this commendably researched if ultimately uneven book. Miller, as assistant professor of American Studies at the University of Massachusetts-Boston, seems most confident discussing the runup to the war, when rebellion in Cuba brought harsh repression by Spain and, in turn, increasingly close attention from American newspapers and periodicals. The pre-war period, Miller notes, coincided with an expansion of visual content in the US daily press, as well as in illustrated periodicals. It also was a time when motion pictures were new and half-tone photographs were incorporated into the main sections of daily newspapers. Miller steers well clear of the period's seductive media mythology, dismissing the simplistic view that the yellow press fomented the war with Spain. Rather, she argues: "The yellow press . . . did not have the reach or the authority to dictate public opinion; rather, the key to its significance lay in its establishing important visual and discursive precedents for how a broader network of print, visual, and popular culture mass-marketed war and empire" (p. 11). Precedent-setting? Possibly. But not even the leading exemplars of yellow journalismWilliam Randolph Hearst's New York Journal and Joseph Pulitzer's New York World~agreed on postwar expansionism. Miller's book offers an impressive variety of images and iconography, many of them editorial cartoons-and many of them casually racialist or xenophobic. Several images and cover illustrations from Judge, a satiric weekly, are striking in this regard. Miller, whose book is based on


Molybdenum isotopic compositions are precisely determined by MC‐ICP‐MS measurements using a Mo double spike. The double spike is added prior to chemical purification, so that laboratory and instrumental mass fractionations are separated from natural mass‐dependent fractionation. Fractionation is determined on four Mo mass ratios, providing an internal consistency check. The external standard reproducibility is at 0.06 per mil on the 98Mo/95Mo ratio (2 standard deviation)). Using a normal microconcentric nebuliser with a cyclonic spray chamber, the minimum quantity of Mo is ∼1 μg for high‐precision results. A hydrothermal molybdenite shows fractionation of −0.3 per mil on the 98Mo/95Mo ratio relative to our standard (Johnson Matthey, 1000 μg/mL (±0.3%) ICP standard solution, lot 602332B). Fine‐grained sediments show fractionation of 0.1 and −0.3 per mil on the 98Mo/95Mo ratio. The observed Mo isotope fractionation is small but resolvable with the presented high‐resolution technique.


Vector theories dealing with the interaction of light with surface roughness are reviewed. Light scattering from microirregularities whose heights are much smaller and much larger than the wavelength of the incident light are discussed. The theories apply to metal-coated surfaces and, in addition, surfaces covered with multilayer dielectric stacks. Surface plasmon effects, which are also discussed, include the decrease in the specular reflectance caused by conversion of photon energy into surface plasmons (i.e., additional absorption due to surface plasmons), as well as the radiative decay of surface plasmons into photons (i.e., surface plasmon "scattering"). There is a brief discussion of how to use experimental surface height data in the theoretical formulae. Finally, published experimental data on scattering and surface plasmon effects are compared to theoretical predictions.


The conception of soil erosion chain is first put forward, the intension and extension of the conception, the difference and relation of the soil erosion chain and the soil erosion vertical zone are analyzed. It is proposed three distinct characters that are soil erosion chain with rank and hiberarchy, complexity and diversity of the dynamic evolvement. From the variety of the hydrodynamic parameters of slope face flow, the character of energy transferring during erosion is studied. These supply much useful revelation for studying the dynamic mechanism of the soil erosion chain in slope and ditch system, and effectively controlling water and soil losses in loess hilly and gully area.


Non-taxable income is the minimum life standards are given to state taxpayers that cannot be contested by anyone. This research aims to know the differences rule change the adjustment of the non-taxable income which is set in the PMK No. 162/PMK. 011/2012 against the amount of tax receipt PPh 21 and taxpayer PPh 21. The study was backed by the rule change by the continuous Non-taxable income occur caused by slowing global economic growth. This research uses data collection method interviews and documentation. Technique of data analysis using statistical testing and analysis of quantitative descriptive. The results showed there is difference in the amount of tax revenue PPh 21 and there is no difference in Taxpayer PPh 21 before and after the establishment of PMK NO. 162/PMK. 011/2012.  Keywords: Non-taxable income, Tax Receipt PPh 21, Tax Payer PPh 21


Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) incorporates an assemblage of hereditary diseases that involve the defective formation or calcification of enamel. Also known by varied names such as Hereditary enamel dysplasia, Hereditary brown enamel, Hereditary brown opalescent teeth, this defect is entirely ectodermal, since mesodermal components are unaffected. AI is typically characterized by generalized enamel defects in both primary and permanent dentition. The AI trait can be transmitted by either autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked modes of inheritance.AI has a marked impact on aesthetics, function and psychology of the patient. Early intervention and dental rehabilitation should be carried out with strong emphasis on the preventive care and strict follow up schedule.

Key words: Amelogenesis imperfecta, developmental anomaly, Dental Rehabilitation


Double-shell (DS) targets (Amendt, P. A. et al., 2002) offer a complementary approach to the cryogenic baseline design (Lindl, J. et al., 2004) for achieving ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Among the expected benefits are the ease of room temperature preparation and fielding, the potential for lower laser backscatter and the reduced need for careful shock timing. These benefits are offset, however, by demanding fabrication tolerances, e.g., shell concentricity and shell surface smoothness. In particular, the latter is of paramount importance since DS targets are susceptible to the growth of interface perturbations from impulsive and time-dependent accelerations. Previous work (Milovich, J. L. et al., 2004) has indicated that the growth of perturbations on the outer surface of the inner shell is potentially disruptive. To control this instability new designs have been proposed requiring bimetallic inner shells and material-matching mid-Z nanoporous foam. The challenges in manufacturing such exotic foams have led to a further evaluation of the densities and pore sizes needed to reduce the seeding of perturbations on the outer surface of the inner shell, thereby guiding the ongoing material science research efforts. Highly-resolved 2D simulations of porous foams have been performed to establish an upper limit onmore » the allowable pore sizes for instability growth. Simulations indicate that foams with higher densities than previously thought are now possible. Moreover, while at the present time we are only able to simulate foams with average pore sizes larger than 1 micron (due to computational limitations), we can conclude that these pore sizes are potentially problematic. Furthermore, the effect of low-order hohlraum radiation asymmetries on the growth of intrinsic surface perturbations is also addressed. Highly-resolved 2D simulations indicate that the transverse flows that are set up by these low-order mode features (which can excite Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities) are not large enough to offset the overall robustness of our current design.« less


Through the core observation of core wells and a large number of samples thin sections,scanning electron microscopy analysis of the Chang 6 reservoir,oil Ansai oilfield, the result shows that:(1)The main sandstone of the reservoir sandstone of Chang 6 oil,Ansai Oilfield is fine-grained arkose and lithic feldspathic sandstone,detrital feldspar-based, characteristics of low compositional maturity,high structure maturity.(2)The diagenesis which closely related to formation and evolution of pore,in this field including compaction, filling cementation and dissolution.(3)The sandstone pore type including intergranular dissolution pores,intragranular dissolved pores,micro cracks and intercrystal pore,ect.The frist two types are effective opening of the area.(4)Reservoir physical properties impact on depostion microfacies and diagenesis.Deposition determined the mineral composition and structure of the debris,and diagenesis can make its mineral composition and pore structure produces major change.


Nielsen's concept of "covert REM sleep" accounts for more of the complexity in sleep psychophysiology than its conceptual predecessors such as the tonic-phasic model. With new neuroimaging findings, such concepts lead to more precise sleep psychophysiology including both traditional polysomnographic signs and neuronal activity in greater proximity to the actual point sources and distributed networks which generate dreaming. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen]


Effective wildlife management requires accurate and timely information on conservation status and trends, and knowledge of the factors driving population change. Reliable monitoring of wildlife pop...


Objective To research the effect and safety of intravenous injection of cedilanid and small does of metoprolol tartrate in patients with acute left heart failure and rapid ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation.Methods Seventy-six patients with acute left heart failure and rapid ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation treated between June 2005 and February 2012 were divided into control group(n=39) and treatment group(n=37) at random.The control group was administered with cedilanid,and the treatment group with cedilanid and small does of metoprolol tartrate by intravenous injection.Systolic blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate,pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2),dyspnea,urine amount and the time from beginning of treatment to improvement of acute left heart failure were monitored as soon as treatment began.Results There was no significant difference in basic data such as systolic blood pressure(P=0.525),heart rate(P=0.246),respiratory rate(P=0.390) and SpO2(P=0.482) at the beginning of treatment between the two groups,and during the whole treatment process,no obvious difference was seen in systolic blood pressure and 2-h urine amount(P=0.264) between the two groups.Obvious decreases took place in heart rate in the treatment group after the treatment began(P=0.000),and the time from beginning of treatment to improvement of acute left heart failure in the treatment group was significantly shorter(P=0.003).No patient died during the test.Conclusion Without contraindication of metoprolol,under strict monitoring of lung rals and SpO2,cedilanid combined with small dose of metoprolol by intravenous injection can effectively,quickly and safely control the ventricular rate and improve the acute left heart failure in patients with rapid ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation whose heart function grades of New York Heart Association(NYHA) are Ⅰ to Ⅱ before onset of acute left heart failure.


The goal of the study is to model the elimination kinetics of Hydrofluoroalkane (HFA‐134a) in the exhaled breath following a typical single asthma inhaler administration. HFA‐134a is the most commonly used aerosol propellant in metered dose inhalers. We previously demonstrated that our technical capabilities allow us to measure breath HFA‐134a levels at 24 to 48 hours post asthma inhaler administration, and thus breath HFA‐134a is a promising biomarker for identifying asthma inhaler compliance (Clinical and Translational Science 2015).


Review(s) of: The Soft Music Piano Bridge over the Classics and All That - Duets 2, by Hens Vlam-Verwaaijen, Loosdrecht, Harmonia, UK 1992, H.U.3937. 25 pp.


factors of production. (The original Hicksian model considers only variable factors of production.) With the aid of the KuhnTucker theorem, Pfouts determined a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for minimizing the cost of fixed levels of output for each of the firm's products subject to constraints imposed by the firm's production function and the availability of fixed factors of production. Although Pfouts was concerned only with the cost side of the problem of the firm, his methodology can easily be extended to a modified version of Hicks' profit maximizing model of the multi-product, multi-factor firm. The objective of this paper is to develop such a model and interpret its economic significance. The model which we propose differs significantly from Professor Pfouts' model in two respects. First, it considers the profit maximization problem of the multi-product, multi-factor firm, while Pfouts considers the problem of minimizing the cost of fixed levels of output for each of the firm's products. Second, our model considers monopolistic-monopsonistic competition (as well as perfect competition), whereas the Pfouts model is restricted to given factor prices, i.e., perfect competition in the factor market.3 This model also differs from the Hicksian model. The Hicksian model treats


Working with games leads to situations in which one's thinking is constantly tested by direct confrontation with a very wide variety of people. "Games challenge people, but people also challenge games." Very few weeks go by without a specific challenge to my work from the social or pedagogical "left" on grounds that an emphasis on games exacerbates the already pronounced tendency for our society to be too competitive-and an attack from the "right" on grounds that games are trivial. But quite apart from those kinds of challenge there is the more direct challenge that comes from people who engage in playing games and declare that they are not as much fun as they anticipated, or that they contain false and misleading features.


totic/anticancer drugs. CRT is a ligand of both the collagen stems and the heads of C1q and is present on each side of the phagocytic synapse. We have demonstrated the direct interaction between CRT and gC1q [71] on early apoptotic cells and also that decreasing CRT exposure impacts C1q binding [31], together with a modulation of cytokine released by macrophages that have engulfed these cells. We also showed that a deficiency of CRT induces contrasting effects on cytokine release by THP-1 macrophages, by increasing interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CCL2 and decreasing IL-8. Remarkably, these effects were greatly reduced when apoptotic cells were opsonized by C1q, which counterbalanced the effect of CRT deficiency. Most notably, these data emphasize the dual role of C1q on uptake and on signaling events during the elimination of apoptotic cells and highlight the crucial role of C1q in tissue homeostasis in controlling the inflammatory phagocyte status. However, the molec‐ ular mechanisms that control this effect remain to be fully elucidated. Interestingly, C1q and CRT share PS as a common ligand, itself characterized as a signal involved in the non-immunogenic handling of apoptotic cells. Other serum PS binding molecules have been shown to regulate C1q function such as factor H and beta 2-glycoprotein 1 83]. Annexins (II, V) which are PS binding molecules were also reported to interact with C1q [39]. All these observations suggest that these immunomodulatory proteins could interact inside complexes involving both faces of the phagocytic synapse.


the Fuel Cell
Research Center of Korea Institute of Science and
Technology and by the ERC Program of MOST/KOSEF
(Grant No. R11-2002-102-00000-0)


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: device includes electronic components of wireless field device of industrial process, which are located in field device of industrial process, and at least one element of battery, which is located inside field device of industrial process, and functionally connected to electronic components of wireless field device of industrial process. The proposed diagram measures electrical characteristics referring at least to one element and provides output signal to switch for disconnection at least of one element from electronic components of field device of industrial process in compliance with certain conditions. Such conditions include too high current flowing at least from one element, too low voltage at least of one element or generated short circuit, etc. EFFECT: improving reliability and safety. 15 cl, 9 dwg


The researchers' primary objective was to evaluate the early-strength characteristics of self-compacting concrete (SCC), which is a type of concrete that can be placed without external vibration, even in congested areas. Two unique characteristics of SCC are its high-percentage substitution of cement with fly ash or slag cement, or with both fly ash and slag cement and a relatively high superplasticizer dosage. Both of these characteristics retard early-strength gain. The impetus was to develop self-compacting concrete with an early strength suitable for precast applications. The major findings are that it is possible to proportion SCC mixtures with high early strength (30 MPa at 16 h under steam curing) and that high slump does not necessarily correlate with self-compaction.


Liver microsomal cytochrome P4502E1-dependent p-nitrophenol (PNP) hydroxylation and expression of cytochrome P4502E1 were studied in rats subjected to γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCCH) or L-3,3 ,5triiodothyronine (T 3 ) administration as a possible mechanism contributing to superoxide radical (O 2 ) generation. HCCH treatment (a single dose of 40 mg/kg body wt) produced a 43% increase in the content of total cytochrome P450, whereas T 3 (daily doses of 0.1 mg/kg body wt for two consecutive days) led to a 37% decrease. NADPHdependent O 2 .generation was elevated by HCCH and T 3 , expressed as either per mg of protein or per nmol of cytochrome P450, with a 135% enhancement in the O 2 .production/superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity ratios being observed in both conditions. This was partly due to depression of SOD activity. Concomitantly, the molecular activity of NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase was enhanced by 90 and 69% by HCCH and T 3 , respectively. In these conditions, microsomal PNP hydroxylation showed increases of 58 and 45% in HCCHand T 3 -treated rats over control values, respectively, with a parallel 31% (HCCH) and 41% (T 3 ) enhancement in the content of cytochrome P4502E1 assessed by western immunoblotting. We conclude that HCCH and T 3 enhance the expression and activity of cytochrome P4502E1 and that of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in rat liver, regardless of the changes in total cytochrome P450 content, representing major contributory mechanisms to microsomal NADPH-dependent O 2 .generation. Key terms: γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane; L-3,3',5-Triiodothyronine; Superoxide radical; Cytochrome P4502E1; Rat liver protective mechanisms are overcome or exhausted (Comporti, 1989; Kappus, 1987). Previous work by our group has shown that acute γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCCH or lindane) treatment enhances the oxidative stress status of the liver, an effect that is both dose(Junqueira et al ., 1986) and time-dependent (Junqueira et al ., 1988; Barros et al ., 1988) and that seems to be primarily related to its biotransformation by the microsomal P450 system. The reductive activity of this pathway generates electrophilic intermediates of HCCH (Baker Biol Res 36: 359-365, 2003 360 FERNÁNDEZ ET AL. Biol Res 36, 2003, 359-365 et al., 1985) which are conjugated with glutathione (GSH) for el imination as mercapturates (Kurihara et al., 1979), thus inducing an early (4-6 h) phase of oxidative stress involving GSH depletion (Barros et al., 1988) with a lipid peroxidative response (Junqueira et al ., 1988). Induction of cytochrome P450 at later times after HCCH intoxication (24 h) further enhances the oxidative stress status of the liver due to acceleration of xenobiotic biotransformation (Videla et al ., 1990) and higher microsomal NADPH-dependent superoxide radical (O 2 ) generation (Junqueira et al ., 1988), with higher oxidation index (Fernández et al., 1999). Furthermore, the time course of the changes in parameters related to oxidative stress induced by HCCH coincides with the onset and progression of morphological lesions in the liver, which return to normal depending on the hepatic content of the insecticide and on the extent of microsomal production of O 2 .(Junqueira et al ., 1988; 1997). From the toxicological point of view, cytochrome P4502E1, the ethanol-inducible form (Lieber, 1997), is considered of particular interest due to (a) its capacity to oxidize several chemicals (i.e., ethanol, carbon tetrachlor ide, acetaminophen, nitrosamines) to reactive intermediates that are hepatotoxic (Guengerich et al ., 1991; Koop, 1992; Lieber, 1997), and (b) its poor coupling with NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (Gorsky et al ., 1984; Ekström and Ingelman-Sundberg, 1989). The latter feature of cytochrome P4502E1 involves a high NADPH oxidase act iv i ty , wi th enhanced production of O 2 .and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) during microsomal NADPH oxidation, and represents an effective catalyst for lipid peroxidation (Ekström and Ingelman-Sundberg, 1989; Dai et al ., 1993). In view of these considerations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of HCCH treatment on liver microsomal O 2 .production in relation to cytochrome P4502E1-dependent activity and content of this specific isoenzyme. To achieve this aim, liver microsomal hydroxylation of pnitrophenol (PNP)(Reinke and Moyer, 1985) and immunoblot analysis (Towbin et al ., 1979) were performed in control and HCCHtreated rats, and results were compared to values found in animals after L-3,3',5triiodothyronine (T 3 ) administration, which is known to induce oxidative stress in the liver involving enhanced microsomal O 2 .generation (Fernández et al., 1985; Massa and Fernández., 1999). MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and treatments Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200250 g were given free access to food and water and maintained on a 12 h light/dark cycle. Animals received a single i.p. injection of 40 mg HCCH/kg body weight or equivalent volumes of corn oil (HCCH diluent, controls). A separate group of rats were given daily i.p. doses of 0.1 mg T 3 /kg body weight for two consecutive days or equivalent volumes of 0.1 N NaOH (T 3 diluent, controls). Determinations were performed 24 h after HCCH or T 3 treatment, time at which the hepatic content of HCCH was assayed by a gas chromatography technique (Bainy et al., 1993), the levels of T 3 in serum were measured by radioimmunoassay (GammaCoat TM [I]T 3 Kit, Baxter Healthcare Corp., Cambridge, MA), and the thermogenic status of the animals was assessed by measurements of their rectal temperature (Fernández et al ., 1985). All animals used received humane care according to the guidelines outlined in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by the Nat ional Academy of Sciences (National Institutes of Health publication No. 86-23). Biochemical parameters Livers were homogenized in 150 mM KCl containing 5 mM Tris, pH 7.4. Microsomal f ract ions were prepared by ultracentrifugation and washed once before suspension in 120 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2. These samples were used for the determination of the total content of cytochrome P450 (Omura and Sato, 1964), the production of O 2 .by determining the 361 FERNÁNDEZ ET AL. Biol Res 36, 2003, 359-365 superoxide dismutase-sensitive rate of adrenochrome formation at 485 nm (Boveris et al., 1983), and the activity of NADPHcytochrome P450 reductase by monitoring the reduction of cytochrome c at 550 nm (Wi l l iams and Kamin, 1962) . Post microsomal cytosolic fractions were used to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (Misra and Fridovich, 1969). Oxidation of PNP is a suitable assay for the determination of the microsomal activity dependent on cytochrome P4502E1 (Reinke and Moyer, 1985; Lieber, 1997). This was assayed by measuring the A 546 of the 4-nitrocathecol produced, and activity was calculated using the ext inct ion coefficient of 10.28 mMcm (Reinke and Moyer, 1985). For Western immunoblotting, the proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sul fate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) according to Laemmli (1970). Proteins separated were electrotransferred to a ni trocel lulose membrane as described by Towbin et al. (1979), with the Trans-Blot Cell system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) in transfer buffer. The membranes were incubated with primary anti-rat cytochrome P4502E1 antibody (dilution 1:500), using acetone treated rat liver microsomes containing cytochrome P4502E1 (0.1 μg/blot) as a standard (Daiichi Pure Chemicals Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). This was followed by incubation with anti-rat IgG antibody coupled to horseradish peroxidase (dilution 1:5000) (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories Inc., West Grove, PA) and subsequent detection of luminol reactive bands wi th 4-ch loro-1-naphto l and hydrogen peroxide. The protein content of microsomal and cytosolic fractions was determined according to Lowry et al. (1951). Statistical analysis Values shown correspond to the means ± SEM for the number of separate experiments indicated. The statistical significance of differences among multiple groups was carried out by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman-Keuls , test, and is indicated by the letters identifying each experimental group. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Administration of HCCH to rats resulted in a higher content of the insecticide in the liver compared with that in control animals [controls, not detectable (n=4); HCCHtreated rats, 5.81 ± 1.14 μg/g wet liver (n=5)]. In these conditions, HCCH led to a 43% increase (p<0.05) in the content of total cytochrome P450 of the liver (Fig. 1A), in agreement with earlier reports (Sr in ivasan and Radhakr ishnamurty, 1983 ; Junque i ra e t a l . , 1988) . Figure 1. Content of cytochrome P450 (A) and NADPHcytochrome P450 reductase activity (B) in liver microsomal fractions of control rats and animals subjected to γhexachlorocyclohexane (HCCH) or L-3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) administration. Control rats for HCCH and T 3 treatments exhibited comparable values (p>0.05) and constitute a single group. Values shown correspond to means ± SE for 7-15 animals per experimental group. The significance of the differences between mean values (P< 0.05) was assessed by one-way ANOVA and the Newman-Keuls , test, and it is shown by the letters identifying each experimental group.


Mergers and acquisitions are important phenomena yet many fail (Vermeulen, 2008). Much research has been undertaken to identify reasons for failure with a view towards providing practitioners with suggestions and normative guidelines about how to avoid buying unattractive candidates (Arthur D. Little, Inc, n.d). Acquisition performance could also be improved by increasing the number of attractive candidates that are acquired. Yet there is evidence to suggest that some opportunities are not exploited. Myriad factors might result in the failure of a firm to pursue an attractive candidate after negotiations begin or a public announcement of the intent to acquire it is made. Some of these, like negative reactions of regulatory authorities or the financial community, may be difficult to anticipate or plan for. Other decisions to pursue seemingly attractive candidates, however, are reversed before public announcements of intent are made or negotiations begin as a result of the intervention of factors that may be subject to managerial control. This paper suggests what some of these factors might be. And, it is the position of the paper that they deserve attention during acquisition planning since better management of them might lead to an increase in the number of truly attractive candidates that are acquired and in so doing improve acquisition performance.


Without the use of natural wood pattern molded timber neck that could be used as a bottle cases, etc. to keep a bottle such as a wine bottle inserted it can be given a texture. It is provided in a cellulose-based fine powder particles (N), and a resin made of a mixed material containing a (P), the tubular body as possible the bottle is inserted into the portion (2), the tubular body portion obtained from the timber, the tubular body and a support 3 for supporting the bottom face of the bottle inserted in the unit.


Objective To explore the risk factors of ischemic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF)of the elderly.Methods The clinical data of aged NVAF patients admitted to our hospital in recent years were recorded.The factors related to ischemic stroke were analyzed retrospectively.Results Logistic regression analysis used for multivariate analysis indicated that age(P=0.0203),antithrombotic treatment(P=0.002)and hypertension(P=0.0003) were positively related to the ischemic stroke in NVAF of the elderly.Conclusions Antithrombotic treatment in aged NVAF with hypertension is essential for the prevention of ischemic stroke.


The world's is becoming increasingly urbanised with almost 60% world population projected to live in cities by 2030. Rapid urbanisation leads to many pressures on housing, sanitation, infrastructure and many other issues that are interconnected. One of the areas facing multiple challenges because of increased urbanisation is sustainable transport systems. The impact of covid -19 has made these challenges more daunting. This article looks into the issues and initiatives linked to the concept of a sustainable city. The variable chosen for the present study is Safe, Affordable, Accessible and Sustainable Transport Systems (UN target 11.2) for the city of Vadodara. Building on the characteristics of the current transport system in the city, certain best practices for sustainable transport are studied highlighting future possibilities for implementation of such practices in the city keeping in line with the goals of Smart City. The main purpose of this study is to act as a meaningful reference at various platforms to implement transport improvement projects in the future.


A field trial was carried out in Olimpia, Sao Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of different periods of weed control on sugarcane yield. In the year before, the field was a Brachiaria decumbens pasture and, for this reason, this grass was the major population in the weed community. Sugarcane was planted on May 1995, at the beginning of the dry season. Despite this constraint, dry matter accumulation in B. decumbens population increased during the whole evaluated period. Thus, its interference in sugarcane plants was very strong, leading to an 82% reduction in the crop yield. Sugarcane plants could grow along with the weed community up to 89 days, without significant productivity reduction. A minimal weed control period of 138 days was required to assure maximum sugarcane productivity. The critical period for weed control was between 89 and 138 days, after planting.


We develop a simple model that endogenises the di¤erence in spillovers between horizontal and vertical FDI. We …nd that even though horizontal MNEs may transfer more advanced technology abroad, this does not imply that more knowledge spillovers occur. Despite the higher potential for knowledge spillovers, local …rms are less likely to absorb the more advanced technology, while horizontal MNEs may take stronger action to prevent knowledge spillovers from occurring. The technological stance of the host country is thus vital for determining which type of FDI yields the highest knowledge spillovers.


The present study examined the effect of teacher empowerment on teachers' commitment and student achievement. A sample of 356 teachers at Payam-e-Noor University, Ilam branch completed two questionnaires, i.e., School Participant Empowerment Scale (SPES) developed by Short and Rinehart (1992) and Organization Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) developed by Mowday et al.'s (1979). The results of structural equation modeling indicated the six dimensions of decision making, professional growth, status, self-efficacy, autonomy, and impact played a significant role in teacher commitment and student achievement. Teacher empowerment was found to be important in classroom and instructional decisions that enhance organizational effectiveness and improve student performance. These outcomes may be beneficial for policy-makers in directing teachers to a high level of competency, high status and self-esteem and help them to achieve professional growth. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n4p649


Abstract Warm core rings formed in the, Agulhas Retroflection transfer water from the Indian Ocean to the South Atlantic. In an attempt to measure the strength of this exchange, a combination of satellite altimeter and hydrographic data are used to examine Agulhas eddy paths and decay rates in the South Atlantic. Because the surface dynamic height of a warm core eddy is higher than surrounding waters, the rings are visible in satellite altimeter measurements. Over 20 Agulhas eddies have been tracked from maps of anomalous sea surface height (SSH) derived from the Geosat Exact Repeat Mission (ERM) dataset. The correlation (r2) of dynamic height referenced to 2000 dbar and anomaly SSH for one coincidentally sampled area is 97% within an Agulhas eddy, dropping to a fraction of that outside of it, indicating that the SSH anomaly signal is a reliable measure for strong features like Agulhas eddies. The sizes and distribution of the Agulhas eddies in the ERM record compare favorably with those in recent hydrogr...


An object of the present invention is aimed for by using a secondary engine to provide energy to the accessories and equipment of the helicopter associated to the engine to optimize the total system, the traction available from a helicopter. In an example of the structure for an optimized transfer of energy in order to implement the present invention, the structure is the auxiliary engine 8 and the main engine (1, 1 ') comprises a, and the main engine (1, 1') is a secondary when the engine 8 gas generator connected to one or more power conversion member (83, 84, 11) for connection and mechanical, electrical and / or hydraulic power take-off to the reduction gear box (6) and the accessory gear box (7) ( 2) included, and the power conversion member (83, 84, 11 of the auxiliary engine 8) to the sub-gear box of the main engine (1, 1 ') by the selector gearbox (91, 92, 93) (7) and / or by a reduction gear box (6) or is connected directly to the equipment and accessories.


This paper explores how "improper" Shakespeares appropriate the "flagship commodity" and argue that they challenge us to re-examine the cultural authority of "authentic" Shakespeare in today's globalized "Bardmart." In spite of, or all the more because of, their irreverent and frivolous appropriation of Shakespeare, "improper" Shakespeares must, at least, depend upon Shakespeare's global authority, at the same time as they are intent on showing that Shakespeare's works themselves are nothing but commodities in entertainment business.


GARBAGE AND MARBLE MAY 2010 EMILY RAE, B.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST M.F.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Noy Holland I'm interested in writing stories that make me as author disappear. A little. I'd like for my stories to unravel themselves while I sit just barely visible, maybe on a porch across the street. I'm also interested in playing with unusual phrases and syntax to achieve authentic voice in my stories. This sets up a conflict because while I want to develop small, fairly simple stories, I also value some language trickery, which might come off as authorial. I want nuanced voices that don't feel editorialized. I want the stories to be authentic in an off-putting way. My biggest challenge has been monkeying with language in ways I find interesting while still maintaining a cool distance. It feels like training a service dog without getting sentimental. I like these problems though. I like the tiptoe-ing. My goal is to be able to drop readers in the middle of a situation: childhood, a factory, the grieving process, and carry them through it, without them knowing I'm there, without having to rely on explanations of characters' thoughts, their motives. I am drawn to stories with little exposition. As a reader, I like making my discoveries through characters, how they navigate the world. I like to read stories that are revelatory in an interesting way – without having to be told outright how a life got so raw, or why lying can be


With increased integration of converter connected production, decommission of nuclear power plants in Sweden, reduction in frequency dependent loads, and increased import through HVDC links, the power system frequency stability in the Nordic power system is at risk. Reduced system frequency stability caused by the reduction of inertia, affects reliability and quality and could result in increased frequency deviation and possibly power outages. New services contributing to frequency stability are needed. This thesis investigates the possibilities of using battery energy storage systems in Sweden, a part of the Nordic synchronous power system, to provide frequency control. This is done by determining the role inertia has and how frequency is regulated in the Nordic power system. The battery storage system development is evaluated and different battery technologies are assessed. A dynamic model of the Nordic power system and two control models for lithium-ion battery storage systems are developed in PSS/E. These models are then combined and simulations of frequency deviations are performed. The results indicate that large lithium-ion battery storage system controlled to provide inertial response reduce rate of change of frequency, reduce the maximum instantaneous frequency deviation, and delay time to frequency nadir. With droop controlled battery storage systems providing FCR-D, the reduction in maximum instantaneous frequency deviation is significant. It is found that using a single derivative controlled 540 MW unit results in frequency distortion, while using a droop controlled unit of the same size does not cause any frequency distortion. It is also confirmed that 540 MW derivative controlled battery storage systems can provide the equivalent of 130 000 MWs kinetic energy for the reference case. The feasibility study illustrates the difficulty in finding economic incentives when lithium-ion battery storage systems are used to provide FCR-D. Current regulations and markets in Sweden and the Nordic power system do not enable the deployment of lithium-ion for this application, despite its indicated benefits. The recommendation is to create new markets and investigate additional services for battery applications in the Nordic synchronous power system.


This article mainly analyzes the differences of their respective objects of research and evolutions between philosophy and natural sciences.In contrast with natural sciences,the author points out the value of philosophy to the development of mankind and the proper attitude we should takd towards philosophy.


Abstract : This presentation will deal with difficulties associated with developing GIS-based applications programs capable of being used worldwide, or for a significant portion of the world. Issues discussed will include data format requirements, on- and off-line storage requirements, coordinate and datum transformation problems, and the need to write software which can be easily used by an operator who may not be an expert in Geographic Information System (GIS) operation or in a particular discipline for which the software is based. Alternate solutions to the problems will be presented, and trade-offs involved in the various solutions, with respect to the issues mentioned above, will be discussed. Keywords: Terrain analysis; and DTSS (Digital Topographic Support System). (Author)


Abstract: Nowadays there are lots of programming languages in use widely, only some of them appear as widely used and learned. Many of them require a calculation sequence (imperative form); others simply indicate the desired results (declarative form). System proposed some ways to convert java code to C# in this paper. The proposed algorithm which works for the proposed code conversion approach is called Source Code Migration (SCM) algorithm. After implementing this algorithm it ensures that algorithm works for code conversion from java to C# language.


Suppose are planar (convex) H-polyhedra, that is, A i  ∈ ℝ n i ×2 and . Let and n = n 1 + n 2. We present an O(n log n) algorithm for calculating an H-polyhedron with the smallest such that P 1 ∪ P 2 ⊆ P. †E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The significance of energy saving for boiler heat user is described in this paper,the thermal calculation and analysis for an example are also emphasized.


This report is concerned with the introduction of novel surface modification involving the covalent attachment of branched, high molecular weight dextrans and subsequent crosslinking with polyether chains on the inner surface of fused silica capillaries with the aim of producing hydrophilic capillaries with reduced electroosmotic flow (EOF). Three different molecular mass dextrans, namely 45, 71 or 150 kDa were covalently attached to the capillary surface, and subsequently crosslinked with diepoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG). This chemistry produced stable coating over a wide range of conditions including high and low pH aqueous solutions. Moreover, the various dextran‐PEG‐coated capillaries exhibited reduced electroosmotic flow. These features of the dextran‐PEG coatings were useful for the separations of basic and acidic proteins, and provided high resolution separation for closely related acidic monosaccharides and sialooligosaccharides Presented as a poster at Electrophoresis Forum '94, Munich, Germany, October 24–26, 1994 .


Model atmospheres of late type stars with solar abundances, effective temperatures between 2000-4000 K and gravities corresponding to dwarf, giant and supergiant stars


The effect of reducing the reactor air pressure on the morphology of spray dried magnesium sulphate powders is investigated, experimentally. A reactor, capable of drying and pyrolyzing solution sprays at low pressures, is designed and manufactured. A vibrating mesh nebulizer is employed to generate the spray. Four different pressures, starting from 60 Torr to the atmospheric pressure, and two different reactor air temperatures of 130°C and 420°C, are considered. In addition, two different concentrations of magnesium sulphate solutions are tested. The results are explained based on the effect of reactor air pressure on the droplet evaporation rate.

On a etudie de maniere experimentale l'effet de la reduction de la pression d'air dans le reacteur sur la morphologie de poudres de sulfate de magnesium sechees par atomisation. Un reacteur capable de secher et de pyrolyser des vaporisations de solutions a ete concu et fabrique. Les vaporisations sont effectuees a l'aide d'un orifice d'atomisation a mailles vibrantes. Quatre pressions differentes, partant de 60 Torr a la pression atmospherique, et deux temperatures d'air de reacteur differentes de 130°C et 420°C, sont considerees. De meme, deux concentrations de sulfate de magnesium differentes sont testees. Les resultats sont expliques d'apres l'effet de la pression d'air dans le reacteur sur la vitesse d'evaporation des gouttelettes.


Objective: Infertility is a growing concern of the society. In many cases the exact cause of infertility may not be elucidated, whether it is the tubal factor, male factor, uterine factor, or a combination. This adds to the emotional trauma of the couple. Many previous reports have tried to decipher the cause and the best line of management for these cases of unexplained infertility. The choice often lies between a diagnostic approach favoring laparoscopic evaluation and a therapeutic approach favoring the use of assisted reproductive techniques. This paper aims to understand the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in cases of unexplained infertility, the optimum time to perform it, and its role in changing the future management plan. Design: This was a retrospective study. Patients and Methods: Data of the identified patients were collected from patient case records and they included factors such as age, duration and type of infertility, clinical examination findings, and gynecological ultrasound. Previous treatment history included details of ovulation stimulation, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and other treatment. Intraoperative findings such as presence of peritubal adhesions, endometriosis, tubal pathology, perihepatic adhesions, and hysteroscopic findings were recorded. Results: Our study shows that performing diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in cases of unexplained infertility is of advantage, especially in patients who have had two or more failed IUI in the past. Conclusion: Performing diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy prior to ovulation induction/IUI has not shown any significant advantage.


With a population growing older every year, development of new treatment approaches for osteoarthritis and other degenerative joint diseases is called for. Next to conventional treatments, tissue engineering in combination with the use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) is a promising candidate for future treatment approaches. However, the signalling events involved in the differentiation processes are not yet fully understood. One prominent signalling pathway is the MEK-ERK signalling cascade, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. This pathway was reported to play a significant role in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into the adipogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineage, respectively. However, results are contradictory. A new tool that will help to elucidate the role of MEK in chondrogenesis has emerged recently: The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology. This technology uses an RNA-guided nuclease to target a specific site of the genome. It can be used to introduce double strand breaks, which can lead to a frameshift mutation and gene knockout. Thus, it proves to be a versatile tool in the field of genomic engineering. Our aim was to establish a reliable and easy to adjust protocol for the generation of knockout human telomerase reversed transcriptase (hTERT) immortalized ASC lines. Furthermore, with these knockout cell lines, we want to investigate the role of different proteins involved in the MEK/ERK signalling cascade in chondrogenic differentiation. So far, this method allowed us to generate 2 MEK1 ablated cell lines. In the future, we plan to investigate the differences between MEK isotypes and study the impact of MEK1 deletion on mechanotransduction.


Quality assurance in high level education is one of the most important problems in Korea, and around the world. Many studies have examined means of...


Clinic apprentice process of cardiovascular division is the foundation of clinic practice and clinic work in the future.It is deserved to investigate how to improve the teaching effects of clinic apprentice process of cardiovascular division.The paper touches upon how to improve the teaching effects of clinic apprentice process of cardiovascular division from the training teacher,teaching idea,teaching style,teaching method and the communication skill with patient.


We report the effects of using a urine alarm, typically employed for nocturnal enuresis, to treat chronic diurnal enuresis in a 15-year-old female resident at Boys' Town. The results of an ABAB reversal design indicate that the alarm eliminated wetting in both treatment phases and that continence was maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-up.


We study the difference equation , , , where and are all continuous functions, and We prove that this difference equation admits as the globally asymptotically stable equilibrium. This result extends and generalizes some previously known results.


A comparative study on the occurrence of gastrointestinal side effects between UFT enteric-coated granules (UE) and UFT capsules (UC) was made by crossover method in 50 patients with head and neck cancer who were treated by these drugs as a surgical and/or radiation adjuvant chemotherapy. UE was significantly low in the occurrence of upper gastrointestinal side effects; remarkably low in such side effects as nausea and vomiting, in particular. On the other hand, there was little difference between UE and UC in the occurrence of such side effects as diarrhea, stomatitis, dry mouth and hematotoxic signs. The present result suggests that UE is clinically useful for treating the patients with cancer, with less occurrence of gastrointestinal side effects.


This paper reports the results of studying the electronic control system designed for a gas internal combustion engine with spark ignition operated on liquefied petroleum gas. A new feature in the control system is the possibility to provide the most effective sequential type of gas fuel injection, in which fuel is injected in a sequence corresponding to the order of operation of the cylinders. The special feature of the designed control system is that a movable voltage distributor (ignition distributor) of the ignition system was modified to ensure sequential injection. The ignition distributor modification involves installing an additional setting disc with one integrated permanent magnet on its drive shaft and an additional Hall sensor on the body of the ignition distributor. This makes it possible to ensure that the electronic control unit receives a signal about the angular position of the camshaft, thereby enabling consistent fuel injection. The principle of operation of the gas engine control system provided by the electronic control unit has been described. The structure of the modified ignition distributor is shown. Tests of the gas engine with a new control system involving the designed electronic control unit Avenir Gaz 37 "B" and the software module "B2" were carried out. The tests confirmed the feasibility of the designed electronic control system, which implies consistent injection of gas fuel. In addition, idling tests have shown that the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon content in exhaust engine gases is significantly lower than the maximum allowable for motors without catalysts. The control system designed could be used for converting the diesel vehicles in operation into gas engines. The use of this control system ensures their safe operation.


Chuankou Oilfield in northern of Shaanxi Province is situate in the slope of Shaan Gan Ning Basin, whose main objective layers are Chang 6 1 and Chang 6 2 of Yanchang Group of Triassic. The main characteristics of the reservoir in these layers are shallow, low permeability, sealed, closed as well as unsaturated. The associated gas of the Chuankou Oilfield is almost sent out directly into the air, leading to the waste of resources and the pollution of the air. Because of the reasons above. The cubature is used and 4.94×10 8 m 3 geological reserve of gas is worked out in the area of 27.84 km 2 of Chuankou Oilfield in northern Shaanxi Province. On the base of the data of crude oil, formation fluid and PVT in Nan 47, Nan 70 and Bai 22, the law of conservation of mass is applied.The deficiency of the three wells are 71.56%, 75.02% and 74.94%. Then, the whole exploitable reserve should be 3.65×10 8 m 3. The result shows that the potential profit is very huge there.


The past two decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of men who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Since the introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, approximately 90 000 additional men have been diagnosed annually and large numbers of these men have received treatments, such as radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Before the widespread use of PSA screening, an American man had an 8.7% lifetime risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer and a 2.5% risk of dying from this disease ( 1 ). By 2005, the lifetime risk of being diagnosed had increased to 17%, whereas the lifetime risk of dying from prostate cancer remained virtually unchanged ( 2 ). PSA screening has dramatically changed the type of patient presenting with newly diagnosed disease. Men now rarely present with symptoms. Between 1996 and 2004, most men (91%) were diagnosed with local or regional disease ( 2 ). The rational for treating these men is no longer to relieve symptoms but rather to prevent prostate cancer progression. Unfortunately, data from randomized trials are sparse concerning the effi cacy of this approach.


In the current realities of financial technology development, it is necessary to move from traditional ways of financing companies' activities to more transparent, fast and efficient ones. The article reveals the distinctive features of the oil and gas business of the Russian Federation, in particular, the realities of the development of this industry in the face of foreign economic shocks in the form of sanctions. The oil and gas business and companies in this industry are significant not only within the country, but also on the international market as participants in export-import, finance, investment, political and other types of relations. The availability of such fuel and energy resources within the country allows it to be in a certain degree in high positions on the world market, since companies in the industry accumulate a significant amount of capital in their foreign trade and foreign economic activities and, to a certain extent, ensure the movement of foreign currency within the framework of their trade and economic relations. The authors of the article calculated an economic and mathematical model based on the structural-dynamic and coefficient analysis, that allows determining the feasibility of forming a new digital tool for oil and gas projects financing. In the course of the analysis, based on Russian quarterly data for 2015-2018, the connection between the level of overdue debt on oil companies loans and the development indicators of the Russian oil and gas business was determined. The main conclusions presented in the article can be used in scientific and practical activities in order to develop financial and credit technologies used in the oil and gas business.


For a certain composition (close to GaSb), GaAlAsSb has a band gap (0.8 eV) equal to the spin-orbit splitting at the top of the valence band, and Auger recombination involving the spin-split-off band can proceed with zero threshold energy. An analytic expression for the zero-temperature recombination rate due to this process has been derived assuming a large heavy hole mass. The recombination rate is found to depend on the injected carrier density to the power 7/3 in contrast to the cubic dependence for the non-degenerate case. The room-temperature lifetime against this Auger recombination at electron and hole densities of 1024 m-3 typically found at lasing thresholds is estimated to be 3*10-10 s, and order of magnitude smaller than the lifetime against spontaneous emission. This shows that efficient lasing is not possible with this alloy.


A reliable transmission with QoE (Quality of Experience) guarantee is crucial for internet conversational service applications. However, due to the limited network bandwidth bottleneck effect and the drawback of transmission technology, there exists no mature and open QoE technical solution for this service. In this paper, we focused our attention on a load distribution strategy for multipath relay transmission to meet the QoE requirements of conversational real-time HD video services. It consisted of three stages: First, a series of relay nodes was deployed in the backbone network, and a software defined overlay network was constructed to perform the multipath relay transmission for the service. Second, by an analysis of the QoE feature, a bijection was built for each quantitative QoE and its MOS (Mean Opinion Score) score. Finally, considering the influence of the coupling relation between paths on the service quality in multipath relay transmission, fuzzy cooperative game theory was used to design the service load distribution strategy. Many experiments showed that compared with state-of-the-art methods in the single-path transmission scene, the strategy we designed can dynamically adjust the load distribution of each sub-path according to the change in QoS (Quality of Service) information of the transmission path in real time. While meeting the strict real-time constraints of the service, it can effectively avoid the impact of network random congestion on the service QoE.


Wire electrochemical micromachining is a promising micromachining method of fabricating micro metal parts. Before conducting wire electrochemical micromachining, microwire electrode should be prepared. Existing microwire electrode preparation processes suffer from drawbacks such as inconvenience in remounting the fabricated electrode and losses of accuracy and efficiency as the electrode is moved for the subsequent wire electrochemical micromachining. Dynamic liquid membrane electrochemical etching of a microwire electrode is proposed here as a way to overcome these limitations by in situ fabrication of the electrode. A mathematical model is constructed to predict the diameter of the fabricated microwire electrode and experimental results are in good agreement with the model. An experimental setup is developed combining the functions of electrode fabrication and wire electrochemical micromachining. Microwire electrodes with the diameter of 14 μm have been prepared, and microslits with the width of 34 μm have been fabricated without the need to remount the electrode.


Falls in hospital cause significant morbidity and mortality for older patients, with 10-25% inpatient falls resulting in lacerations or fractures [Rubenstein, Age Ageing, 2006 Sep; 35Suppl 2:ii37–41]. In addition to patient individual falls risk factors, such as delirium, visual impairment and poor mobility, environmental factors should also be addressed to reduce inpatient falls risk.

 An audit of the individual patient's environment or bed space was performed using the Queensland Health Individual Environment Checklist [The Victorian Quality Council Safety and Quality in Health]. Older people aged 65 years and older admitted to the medical wards in Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha (RIPAS) hospital, Brunei were included. Patients who were bed-bound or immobile were excluded from the audit.

 There were 30 patients included in this audit. 13 (43%) were male and 17 (57%) female. Median age was 74 years (Range 65 to 83 years). Several issues were identified from this audit: Although bedside tables and lockers were wheeled with a braking system, they were not secure enough to support a patient if they leaned against them. While 28 (93%) had functioning call bells, none of the patients were shown how to operate them. 22 (73%) did not have easy access to call-bells or night-lights. 14 (47%) did not have bedside lockers or tables within easy reach. 17 (57%) did not have mobility aids within reach or received education regarding safety with mobility aid use.

 This audit highlighted several aspects of the individual patient environment in hospital that should be improved to reduce falls risk. For the medical wards, we recommend ensuring hospital furniture are sturdy enough in case patients lean on them and frequently checking ease of access to call-bells, night lights, walking aids and locker belongings.


A seat assembly (10) is supported on the bottom plate of the occupant (7) above, the base plate having a recessed portion and a load floor (6) extending in a thereof. The seat assembly includes a seat cushion extending (12) between a seating surface (15) and a bottom surface (17). A lifting mechanism (20) extends to the bottom surface of the seat cushion (17) and a bottom plate (7), the seat assembly can support the occupant above the floor of the load placed in the seating position and folded position within the recessed portion of the bottom plate selective movement between. A plate (70) with the lifting mechanism (20) operatively connected with the seat assembly between a seating position and a collapsed position with said plate member (70) in the cover plate in the seating position the recess portion (6 ), located at the retracting position inside the recessed portion, the seat assembly can be collapsed in the recess portion.


The field integral method is developed in the third-order approximation to calculate effects of transformation of charged particle trajectories in the gaps between electrostatic or magnetic quadrapole lenses in multiplets.


Bluetooth has been regarded as a new wave in the IT sector from the day of its origin. Blue tooth is continuing its success story. Toshiba introduced blue tooth in September 2000 to consumers for $ 199. The new technology is supported by SIG (Special Interest Group). SIG founded in 1998 consists of 2000 members who have access to the Blue tooth specifications (information needed to make a blue tooth product). The SIG works to promote the Blue tooth technology and consists of members like IBM, Intel, Microsoft, and Nokia. The technology represents an opportunity for the industry to deliver wireless solutions that are ubiquitous across a broad range of devices. 1. What is Bluetooth ? Bluetooth is a high-speed, low-power microwave wireless link technology, designed to connect phones, laptops, PDAs and other portable equipment together with little or no work by the user. Bluetooth is the name for a short-range radio frequency (RF) technology that operates at 2.4 GHz and is capable of transmitting voice and data. The effective range of Bluetooth devices is 32 feet (10 meters). Bluetooth transfers data at the rate of 1 Mbps, which is from three to eight times the average speed of parallel and serial ports, respectively. It is also known as the IEEE 802.15 standards. It was invented to get rid of wires. Bluetooth is more suited for connecting two point-topoint devices, whereas Wi-Fi is an IEEE standard intended for networking. 2. Why is the technology called


Far from ending, history seems to have accelerated since the revolutions of 1989. Germany has unified; the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia have fallen apart. A major war is taking place in the middle of the continent, with tens of thousands of deaths, millions of refugees, and the destruction of whole villages, towns, and historic buildings. Anti‐Semitism, anti‐gypsyism, and other forms of xenophobia are on the rise again almost everywhere in Europe. Did those of us who devoted so much of our lives to the goal of ending the Cold War make a mistake? Was it worth being a dissident or a peace activist if this was to be the final outcome? Why did we assume that everything could be solved if the division of Europe were removed? Cold War apologists, like John Lewis Gaddis or John Mearsheimer, told us that future generations would look back nostalgically on the period of the Cold War as a golden era of stability—the "Long Peace," they called it. East European officials used to warn us that democracy...


The present study deals with the question as to what extent the sympathetically innervated rat pineal gland is affected by a number of short-term exogenous stimuli given during day-time, as assessed by measuring pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity (NAT) which is directly proportional to melatonin formation. In male Sprague-Dawley rats kept under LD 12 : 12 pineal NAT was statistically significantly depressed by physical immobilization for 2 hours, swimming for 15 min in water ofl0 and 30 ~ exposure for 2 hours to cold (5 ~ or heat (40 ~ noise (90 db) for 2 hours and hunger for 17 hours. An increase in NAT was noted after swimming for 15 rain in water of 20 ~ No effect was detectable after 17 hours of thirst or hunger combined with thirst and in one of 2 experiments involving exposure to heat (40 ~ 2 hours) and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. In animals kept under continuous illumination for 48 hours, immobilization resulted in a slightly smaller decrease than under LD 12 : 12 and insulin-induced hypoglycemia led to a striking increase of NAT. As the changes in pineal NAT are brought about by rather strong exogenous stimuli it is suspected that the rat pineal gland during day-time is not very susceptible to ambient factors of normal range.


Abstract:The category of "the human" has recently undergone extensive examination in intellectual and academic circles. Especially through decolonial theory, various authors have attempted to define the current conception of the category of the human, tracing a genealogy that dates from 1492. Decolonial thinking maintains that racialization is a project of humanization or dehumanization at the service of the colonial apparatus. And yet any attempt to confront that epistemology of coloniality leaves us in an abyss of impossibility. Activists like Boaventura de Sousa Santos think that this abyss can somehow be spanned when one plays an intellectual-activist role. In this paper, I analyze Guillermo Gómez-Peña and Coco Fusco's "The Couple in the Cage" performance in the context of the commemoration of five hundredth anniversary of the Conquista in 1992 Spain. I argue that the parody of the two "undiscovered bodies" in the cage confronts the naturalized and unspoken Western dehumanization of nonwhite bodies by bringing the flesh of the indigenous peoples back to the center of the discussion that the colonial project has attempted to obliterate.


In her speech at the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in February (AAAS is the publisher of Science ), Secretary of State Madeleine Albright indicated her interest in facilitating a scientifically literate State Department (News Focus, "Science gains at State


The research is about the assessment of the sustainability level of residential buildings in the city of Lima (Peru) during the occupancy stage of their life cycle, thus generating a proposal for a national sustainable certification methodology adapted to the real situation of the country (main problems, regulations, standards, among others), which allows the most appropriate improvement plans to be proposed. First, the diagnosis of the sustainability characteristics that need to be assessed in buildings in Lima is made. Then, the assessment and scoring method of a situation with such characteristics is presented, which shall be part of the sustainable certification proposal called GREEN UNI. Finally, the certification is applied to a sample of 20 buildings in different areas of Lima, thus recognizing the sustainable situation of buildings in the city.


Nothing New under the Sun? Essays on the Economic History of Intellectual Property Rights in Music. Gothenburg Studies in Economic History 8 (2013) ISBN 978-91-86217-07-5 Author: Staffan Albinsson Doctoral Dissertation in Economic History at the Department of Economy and Society, School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 625, SE 405 30 Goteborg, Sweden. Distribution: Department of Economy and Society, School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 625, SE 405 30 Goteborg, Sweden. (Written in English.) This thesis consists of an introductory chapter, five separate articles and an article which has the function of a summary in Swedish. The introductory chapter provides a general background to the economic history of intellectual property rights in music. Article 1 studies the early history of music copyright. It covers the evolution of copyright law regarding publishing of printed music. Beethoven, Schumann and Debussy are used to exemplify the economic importance of new laws. Article 2 depicts the evolution of performing rights in four European countries. It maintains that the economic growth from the Industrial Revolution created new arenas for music from which composers demanded their fair share of revenues. Furthermore, the article discusses why it took several decades before Germany, Britain and Sweden implemented the French system with a collective licensing of performing rights. Article 3 focuses on how technological innovations regarding the distribution of music have influenced intellectual property laws. It discusses the argumentative positions of various stake-holders when the printing press, the gramophone, the radio and the cassette tape were introduced. Article 4 describes the financial evolution of the Swedish Performing Rights Society/STIM between 1980 and 2009. It shows how the loss of income from record sale has been compensated by increased income from broadcasts. Furthermore, the article shows the winner-take-all character of the royalty income distribution. Article 5 includes a unique data set presenting the financial situation for Swedish composers of art music between 1990 and 2009. Its main theme is the monetary incentive for new output.


Assessment of noise call center workplaces throughout measurement method and MIRE technique This article presents the assessing noise exposure at telephone consultants workplaces using headpset. The study is based on a method compliant with PN-EN ISO 9612 and PN-EN ISO 11904-1 standards. The evaluation of exposure was conducted in accordance with the regulation of the minister of labor and social policy dated November 29, 2002 regarding the highest permissible concentrations and intensities of health damaging factors in the


In this article, we describe how scientists use the Internet when they develop scientific software. We present the findings from 27 interviews with scientists-developers and professional software developers who develop scientific software. Based on the analysis of the empirical data, we discuss three aspects of the role of the Internet in scientific software development practice: 1) the use of the Internet in addressing the gaps in scientists' software development knowledge, 2) the use of network-based tools and methods to manage the software development process, and 3) communication between scientists-developers via the Internet.


The effect of in vitro colchicine treatment of sugar beet ovules, after 7 days culture, on embryo formation, regeneration and ploidy of regenerated plants was studied with 5 concentrations of colchicine and 5 durations of treatment arranged as a 5 × 5 factorial in incomplete blocks. The best results were obtained with the shortest duration of treatment (5 hours) and the highest concentration of colchicine (0.4 %) giving 5.0 diploid plants per 100 ovules with 62.1 % of regenerated plants being diploid. Statistical analysis revealed that treatment effects could be separated into a toxic effect reducing embryo formation and a chromosome doubling effect affecting percentages of diploid regenerated plants. Toxic effects on embryo formation could be explained by simple exponential decay models, toxicity of the drug (decay constant) increasing linearly with duration of treatment. Duration of treatment had no effect on chromosome doubling percentages. The effects of colchicine concentration on chromosome doubling were explained by an exponential saturation model with spontaneous chromosome doubling of 8.1 % and saturation at 51.4 % diploid plants at 0.2 % and higher colchicine concentrations. In addition, treatments increased percentages of 4N and 6N plants from 0 % without colchicine to 10 % on average for treated ovules. A response surface model fitted to the total yield of diploid plants per ovule indicated that shorter durations of treatment and higher colchicine concentration may improve results.


A general framework is presented for the solving of non-linear equations. Also, a discussion about its potential applications in the field of computer vision is made and illustrated by an example that shows how one can relate the solutions to the shape-from-shading problem through scale space. The methods presented seem to have been known since the 19th century; however, it was not until 1953 that the first practical applications of the relevant idea appeared. This research was supported in part by the U.S. Army Engineering Topographic Laboratories Research Grant DACA76-85-C-0001. The Xerox Corporation University Grants Program provided the equipment used in the preparation of this paper. I DISTRIBUTION STAAT ,.: -" I Ap'",r-rY ! : . SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Dat AEntered) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM I. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION No 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER TR 201 4. TITLE (ad Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED Homotopies: A Panacea or Technical Report Just Another Method? 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 7. AUTHOR(&) S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(s) Isidore Rigoutsos DACA76-85-C-0001 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASK Computer Science Department AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627 1I. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATE Defense Advanced Research Project Agency December 1986 1400 Wilson Blvd. 13. NUMBER OF PAGES Arlington, VA 22209 24 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(II different from Controlling Office) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (of this report) Office of Naval Research Information Systems Unclassifi ed Arlington, VA 22217 Sa. DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING 16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report) " Accession For Distribution of this document is unlimited. NTIS GRA&I DTIC TAB Unar nounced Justi Ic~atioIL-. 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered in Block 20, if different fro 'RI ----


The musicality of birdsong through vocalizations of the Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen tyrannica) as an exploration of a single facet of the complex world of animal vocal communication is discussed. The most important findings from the study is the active involvement of the Australian Magpie in the acoustic sounds they produce, which asserts the possibility of their music making.


This study was carried out to investigate the susceptibility of the life stages of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in stored cowpea to the essential oil vapour of sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum, L.leaves when applied as a fumigant. The extracted and analysed essential oil of O. basilicum leaves in this study was made up mainly of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids with ?-terpinene (12.2%), and ?-caryophyllene (10.4%) predominating. In separate bioassays, cowpea seeds harbouring the different life stages of C. maculatus were exposed to the oil vapour within a hermetic structure. The essential oil vapour had insecticidal effects on the adults of C. maculatus. Mortality was observed to significantly (P<0.05) increase from 14.8% to 100% as dosage increased from 10µl/80ml air to 60µl/80ml air. Significantly high percentage mortality (98.48%) of C. maculatus eggs was observed after three days of seed fumigation with the essential oil vapour. The percentage mortality caused by the oil vapour to the larval and pupal stages within fumigated cowpea seeds was not significantly different from the control at P=0.05 after three days of fumigation. It was thus concluded that the egg and adult stages of C. maculatus were more susceptible to the essential oil vapour of O. basilicum leaves than the larvae and pupae stages within stored cowpea.


This study is focused on the development and demonstration of a continuum damage and discrete crack (CDDC) module for damage prediction of laminated composite structures subjected to monotonic and fatigue loading. In order to alleviate mesh dependency and capture fiber orientation dependent matrix cracking within a ply, a discrete crack (DC) model based on the phantom paired element is embedded into the continuum damage mechanics (CDM) framework. A crack will be inserted into an element if any one of the failure criteria (fiber tension and compression, matrix tension and compression, fiber-matrix shear) is reached. To be consistent with experimental observations, it is assumed that the crack direction is along the fiber direction within a particular ply. Both the energy dissipation and damage evolution are controlled by the CDM while the introduction of discrete cracks accurately captures the intensified local stress and strain fields in the cracked element. The modeling capability and solution fidelity of the CDDC methodology is demonstrated via the example of holed composite specimens subjected to static and fatigue loading.


Reliability is one of the major issues in High Performance Computing (HPC) systems today. It is expected to become even a greater challenge in the next generation peta-scale systems. The traditional fault tolerance mechanisms (e.g., checkpoint/restart mechanisms) may not be efficient in every scenario in such large scale systems due to the scalability and performance issues. In this paper, we aim to provide a distributed scalable Unified Fault Tolerance (UFT), which consists of Proactive Fault Avoidance (PFA) and traditional Reactive Fault Tolerance (RFT) for HPC systems based on fault prediction and virtualization technologies. The results from simulation suggest the performance improvement over the existing solutions.


There are very few studies that combine ecological population and economic optimisation models to establish integrated weed management (IWM) policies for woody weeds within rangeland grazing systems. This case study attempts to do so and uses a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model to determine the optimal weed management decisions for chinee apple (Ziziphus mauritiana) in northern Australian rangelands in order to maximise grazing profits. Model simulations were used to generate a weed management threshold frontier and decision rules, based on weed-free grazing gross margins and the cost of different control methods. The ecologicaleconomic optimising framework presented here can be used for many other long-lived plant species.


Have you ever seen a whale up close, in the flesh? North Queensland is about to begin the dwarf minke whale season, which brings researchers and tourists together in awe of the mysterious creatures.


ABSTRACT Crowdsourcing offers great opportunities to recognise user context and prescribe relevant services for both offline and real-time activities. In this work, we present a zoning model that leverages spatio-temporal dimensions and then employs different contexts to recommend necessary customised services. The context model takes into consideration three context sets: fully restricted, fully unrestricted and semi-restricted with respect to both spatial and temporal dimensions. As a proof of concept, we apply this zoning model in a scenario where a very large crowd get together to perform spatio-temporal activities. The user context of the heterogeneous crowd is captured using the carried smartphones, i.e. via crowdsourcing. Depending on the context sets and zone, the system can recommend a set of services to each user. The system has been deployed since 2014 to support the spatio-temporal activities of a very large crowd. We present our implementation details and the user feedback, which is very encouraging.


By using the theory of "Golden Section", the writer puts forward the fitting region of quantization of fitting physiological load and then does the experiment. Through the test to 85 middle-aged women of their figure, body function, body quality, biochemical index of blood and metabolism index of bone. The result shows: Under the training that confirmed by the "Golden Section" of fitting load, many body function getting better, such as free radical metabolism of the organism, metabolism of bone, level of sex hormone and heart-lung function. The experiment primary verify the feasibility and reliability of using "Golden Section" to confirm fitting load.