Objective
To investigate the differences in the biochemical and pathological features and therapeutic response between the elderly-onset autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and young-onset AIH.

Methods
From October 2013 to November 2016, a total of 87 consecutive AIH patients diagnosed by liver biopsy were enrolled and divided into elderly-onset group (≥60 years) and the young-onset group (<60 years). The biochemical and pathological features and therapeutic response of the two groups were compared. Mann-Whitney test and chi square test were performed for statistical analysis.

Results
As AIH diagnosed, the proportion of liver cirrhosis detected by imaging examination of elderly-onset group and the young-onset group were 67.7%(21/31) and 35.7%(20/56), respectively, the former was higher than the latter, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.214, P=0.004). The proportion of patients complicated with extrahepatic autoimmune diseases of the elderly-onset group was 9.7%(3/31), which was lower than that of the young-onset group (28.6%, 16/56), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.173, P=0.041). The median levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and albumin of the elderly-onset group were 50.0 U/L (22.0 U/L, 193.0 U/L) and 34.8 g/L (31.3 g/L, 40.5 g/L), which were lower than those of the young-onset group (146.0 U/L (43.8 U/L, 390.5 U/L), 39.4 g/L (35.8 g/L, 44.6 g/L), and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.109, -2.092; both P 0.05). After treatment, among 17 patients of elderly-onset group, seven patients obtained biochemical remission and the median time to remission was 3.2 months; among 37 patients of young-onset group, 18 patients (48.6%) obtained biochemical remission and the median time to remission was 2.3 months. There was no significant difference in the percentage of patients achieved biochemical remission and the median time between the two groups (both P>0.05).

Conclusion
The percentage of complicated with extrahepatic autoimmune diseases of elderly-onset group is lower than that of young-onset group, which indicates that age-associated immune dysfunction may involve in the genesis and development of elderly-onset AIH.

Key words:
Hepatitis, autoimmune; Elderly; Biochemistry; Pathology; Prognosis


The technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty was developed by Galibert et al. to manage refractory vertebral-body compression fractures secondary to osteoporosis. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is performed by injecting polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into the diseased vertebral body for partial vertebral body remodeling and pain relief. Complications are rare, those that do occur consist of local processes such as an infection, or cement leakage into the spinal canal or the perivertebral venous system. Other complications usually are related to the initial vertebral disease rather than the vertebroplasty technique itself. We report a case of a lethal pulmonary embolism caused by cement leakage into the perivertebral venous system after a percutaneous vertebroplasty.


A method of making a conical nanopore membrane comprising the steps of: - sealing a conical tip of an internal signal transducing element in a substrate; Polishing the substrate using a polishing agent to expose the tip of the internal signal transduction element; - monitoring the extent of polishing with a tester; and - terminating the polishing when the tester indicates that a disk having a desired radius is exposed, thereby producing a nanodisk electrode; Removing the internal signal transducing element from the substrate after the nanodisc electrode is made, thereby producing a nanopore membrane comprising: a membrane having a thickness, the membrane forming a first outer side and a second inner side, the first outer side of the membrane opposite the second inner side; and a nanopore extending through the membrane and thereby forming a channel extending from the first outer side to the second inner side of the membrane, the nanopore having a first opening on the first outer side of the membrane and a second opening the second inner side of the membrane and has a depth.


As worldwide energy consumption continues to increase, so too does the demand for improved energy storage technologies. Supercapacitors have attracted a lot of attention due to their quick charging/discharging rate, high power density, and long-term cycling stability in comparison to conventional batteries.1 Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with ultrathin two-dimensional structures and unique properties received a lot of attention recently as potential materials for electrochemical energy storage and specifically supercapacitors.2,3 GNRs maintain graphene's unique lattice structure in one dimension and provide more open-edge structures compared to graphene, thus allowing faster ion diffusion, which makes GNRs highly promising for energy storage systems.2,3 GNRs have unique characteristics such as exceptional electrical conductivity, a highly modifiable surface area, strong chemical stability, low toxicity, great mechanical behavior, and the ability to tune properties for the desired application.
 This presentation provides an overview of the production of GNRs from carbon nanotubes and their application in supercapacitors. The physical/chemical structure of GNRs was evaluated using XRD, TEM, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS. Since the selection of the cation and anion has been reported to have a dramatic effect on the specific capacitance of the studied materials,4 the supercapacitive behavior of GNR was thoroughly investigated in various media (H2SO4, KOH, K2SO4 ), using different loadings and different evaluation systems (three and two-electrode systems). GNRs, in all of the tested media, showed good stability (retained 95% of their capacitance over 10,000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A/g), a wide potential window (up to 1.7 V), and a relatively high capacitance (≈ 400-800 F/g). The best medium for GNRs highest supercapacitance in correlation with their surface chemical structure will be discussed.

 References:

 E. A. Worsley, S. Margadonna, and P. Bertoncello, Nanomaterials, 12, 3600 (2022).

 Z. Liu et al., Advanced Functional Materials, 32, 2109543 (2022).

 Twinkle et al., Materials Today: Proceedings, 50, 1511–1515 (2022).

 B. Pal, S. Yang, S. Ramesh, V. Thangadurai, and R. Jose, Nanoscale Adv., 1, 3807–3835 (2019).


The envelope comprises a window made of material transparent to the radiation emitted by the source that comprises at least one chamber (20, 22, 23) in which can be moved a material impervious to the electromagnetic radiation, the chamber being shaped such that the material impervious to the radiation can be inserted from outside the chamber and that inside the chamber the material impervious to the radiation surrounds a radiation beam passage zone, such that the surface of the beam passage zone vaires according to the volume of the impervious material in the chamber, thus eliminating the extrafocal stray radiation. The invention is useful in X-ray imaging apparatus.


In this paper discussion is devoted to mechanism to produce noise in optical CATV system at wavelength of 1550nm The performance of noise caused by EDFA is mainly investigated The relationship between CNR and input power of EDFA,and that of between CNR and OMI are studied The method to get higher CNR is obtained Design scheme of HFC network is also discussed The optical CATV network designed by us is present


Key management and quantum cryptography (QC) are very interesting and challenging areas in wireless sensor networks (WSN). In order to make secure communications around WSN, communication between sensor nodes and base station to sensor node communication should be handled carefully. Today's security around WSN needs efficient key management protocol and QC involved with quantum mathematical procedures and quantum physics [1]. According to the key management analysis, computational complexities of conventional and potential cryptography are very high. In order to avoid high complexity in key management, QC can be used because it is involved with quantum computation [4][5]. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is already established with laws of quantum mechanics influenced to quantum computations for some networks such as fiber optic, satellite based communication etc. Therefore, efficient approach of QC will be analyzed to manage the keys with maximum security and less complexity. Key management protocol [2][3] in wireless networks is influenced with authentication which uses symmetric or asymmetric cryptography. Authentication and entities in upper layers use public key cryptography [6]. In this paper, we propose an enhanced version of key management and QC for WSN. Thus, we modify authentication protocol between the access points and wireless sensor network with symmetric polynomial based on QC approach. In modern QC, there are possibilities for which quantum computation techniques allow to expand the bandwidth. It is another interesting area in QC because bandwidth expansion will increase the level of security in WSN


The synthesis, photophysics and biological investigation of fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's bases (TB-1-TB-3) and a new Tröger's base p-cymene-Ru(ii)-curcumin organometallic conjugate (TB-Ru-Cur) are described; these compounds showed fast cellular uptake and displayed good luminescence and cytotoxicity against cervical cancer cells.


Triruthenium dodecacarbonyl [Ru3(CO)12] reacts with nitrobenzene to give [Ru3(CO)10(NPh)](3) and [Ru3(CO)9(NPh)2](4) in low yields, accompanied by formation of CO2. The solution i.r. spectrum of (3) suggests the presence of triply bridging NPh and CO groups, confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray structure determination; space group P21/n, a= 12.457(1), b= 11.428(1), c= 29.234(2)A, β= 92.38(1)°, Z= 8, and R= 0.036 for 4 817 unique observed reflections. The two independent molecules differ slightly in the relative orientations of the phenyl groups. Mean bond lengths include Ru–Ru 2.746(5), Ru–µ-C 2.172(8), and Ru–µ-N 2.055(5)A. The i.r. Spectra of complexes (3) and (4) are discussed in terms of a molecular-orbital description of ' M3(CO)9' moieties.


Postnatal handling, as a crucial early life experience, plays an essential role in the development of hypothalamo‐pituitary–adrenal axis responses to stress. The impact of postnatal handling on the reactivity of stress‐related neuronal circuitries was investigated in animals that were handled for the first 21 days of life and as adults they were exposed to physical (ether) or emotional (restraint) challenge. To assess neuronal activation we relied on the induction of immediate‐early gene product c‐Fos and analysed its spatial and temporal distribution at various time intervals after stress. Ether and restraint commonly activated parvocellular neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, and resulted in activation of brain areas providing stress‐related information to the hypothalamic effector neurons and/or in regions governing autonomic and behavioural responses to stress. Beyond these areas, the strength and timing of c‐Fos induction showed stressor specificity in olfactory and septal region, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, hippocampal formation, amygdala and brainstem. Handled rats displayed a lower number of c‐Fos‐positive cell nuclei and weaker staining intensity than non‐handled controls in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala, hippocampus, piriform cortex and posterior division of the cingulum. Significant differences were revealed in timing of c‐Fos induction as a function of stressor and early life experience. Together, these data provide functional anatomical evidence that environmental enrichment in the early postnatal period attenuates the reactivity of stress‐related neuronal circuitries in the adult rat brain.


The purpose of this study was to provide a basic data required to improve the satisfaction of life in college students. A sample of 607 students attending the university in Incheon, Korea completed a survey, which consisted of a quality of life questionnaire and sociodemographic inventory. The data were collected between November 14 and November 30, 2016. Data analysis was performed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. The subjective quality of life was significantly correlated with self-leadership (r=.279, p<0.01) and rejection sensitivity (r=-.224, p<0.01). The significant predictors that influence the quality of life of subjects were satisfaction in major, natural reward strategies, gender, anticipated anxiety and grade, in which 27.6% (F=47.27, p<0.01) was the explained variance. (Ed note: confirm) This study showed that rejection sensitivity and self-leadership were significant factors that influenced college students' subjective quality of life. Therefore, college administrators may consider developing educational programs about rejection sensitivity and self-leadership for college students to improve subjective quality of life.


An extensive test program was conducted to determine the performance characteristics (friction, wear, temperature) of a linear high temperature perfluoroalkylpolyether (PFPE) and two branched PFPE lubricants under normal and severe operating conditions. These include temperatures up to 200° C and Hertzian pressures as high as 2.8 GPa. A four-ball wear tester was used to measure wear scar and a two-disk machine was used to measure friction. The linear perfluoroalkylpolyether lubricant demonstrated low friction and wear at elevated temperatures under the test conditions considered. A bearing testing apparatus was used to measure friction and temperature of tapered roller bearings under various operating conditions for a branched PFPE and the results are reported. Presented at the 48th Annual Meeting in Calgary, Alberta, Canada May 17–20, 1993


The operation of the CAPRICE-type electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) at the high charge state injector of GSI requires a great variety of different ion species (between Z=3 and Z=92) to be delivered to the accelerator. As most of the elements have to be produced from nongaseous materials, oven evaporation has become an elaborate and routinely used technique at GSI. Besides an evaporator for high vapor pressure materials (T⩽300 °C) a standard oven system is used for temperatures between 600 °C and 1500 °C. Several modifications of this standard oven have been developed to adapt it to the operating conditions for different materials. The respective characteristics are described and operational experiences are reported. In order to extend the available temperature regime up to 2000 °C, a new type of oven is being developed which completely avoids any ceramics in its high temperature zone. Thus the number of materials accessible for evaporation is considerably extended. First experiences obtained...


Through the years, the agricultural sector has occupied a central place in rural Kenya. Agriculture is also a dominant sector in the Kenyan economy and it is a source of livelihood for the majority of the rural population. The sector accounts for 30-35 percent of the gross domestic product and well over 60 percent of foreign exchange earnings. Furthermore, agriculture engages nearly 80 percent of the nation's workforce and most rural households are dependent on this sector for subsistence and cash income. Evidently, agriculture is central to rural development efforts and the sector is a possible gateway to improvement in the distribution of national incomes, faster rural development necessary to bring about rural-urban balance, faster growth in employment opportunities and the generation of raw materials for the domestic industry. Indeed, in rural Kenya, agricultural growth, rural development and poverty alleviation are intertwined. Hence, in recent times, poverty alleviation has also been seen in terms of having access to productive resources and more importantly, being able to participate in the decision-making process at the global market level. This study, therefore, focuses on the linkages between commodity markets and rural livelihoods. Specifically, the study looks at how the tea market is organised, the forces that direct and influence the way the various parties conduct their businesses, the resultant formal and informal linkages, and how these structures affect the role of the tea industry in the Kenyan economy. IDS Working Paper No. 538 The Tea Industry in Kenya In Kenya, tea was first planted at Limuru in Kiambu District in 1903 and later spread to other districts on commercial basis in the 1920s. However, it was not until about 1959 when tea was first introduced to African areas on experimental basis under the auspices of the Special Crops Development Authority (SCDA). From these nucleuses, the crop spread to other districts that were considered suitable for tea growing. In 1964, the Special Crops Development Authority was replaced with the Kenya Tea Development Authority (KTDA). By 1930, the area under tea covered 4,047 hectares, with an annual production of 1,814,836 kilogrammes of made tea. Currently, area under tea stands at 113,892 hectares (Kenya 1999b, p . l ) . On the other hand, smallholder tea production was first introduced in Kenya in 1952 on a pilot basis in Kirinyaga and Kericho Districts. In 1957, the first tea factory was constructed at Ragati for purposes of processing tea from smallholder farmers. This was followed by the introduction of field extension services for smallholder tea growers and the establishment of two marketing boards. These were: (i) The Central Province African Tea Growing and Marketing Board (CPATMB) to serve farmers to the East of the Rift Valley, (ii) Nyanza and Rift Valley Provinces African Tea Growing and Marketing Board (NRVPATGMB) to cover growers to the west of the Rift Valley. Other players in the industry have since included The Kenya Union of Small Holder Tea Growers, ' The Tea Research Foundation, and the Kenya Government. Several changes have, however, revolutionised the tea industry,


Cybercrime and the threat it creates are growing in its reach, in accordance with similar growth in information technology. Some countries account for more of the variation in cybercrime activity than others, which affects less criminally involved nations as well, considering that cybercrime does not respect national borders over the Internet. Routine activity theory (RAT) has been used to explain cybercrime at the individual level, but not at the national level. Much research has focused on high cybercrime countries, but this research is often conducted by cybersecurity firms and is exclusively descriptive, making no inferences. This research sought to determine what characteristics predict whether a nation is high in either spamming activity or phishing activity. In a sample of 132 countries, it was found that wealthier nations with more Internet users per capita had higher cybercrime activity. Unemployment was also found to interact with Internet users such that the effect of the proportion of Internet users on spam was strongest in nations with higher unemployment. The implications these findings have for policy and suggestions for future research are discussed.


This paper unpacks the role of education concerning with  social mobility and civic participation. There are some evidences that education could not enhance social mobility as far as no inclusion and participation. Civic participation depends not only on a legal status, but essentially on access to social and economic resources. Thus, civic participation, the sense of belonging and solidarity, is necessarily connected with the problem of unequal distribution of resources in society. Modern conception of universal citizenship, especially when it is combined with extreme inequality and poverty, tends to exclude some groups and individuals. Civic education, as an empowerment device, not only can counteract this effect of exclusion, but it also can contribute to civic participation and construction toward a more comprehensive and effective citizenship concept.


In the present paper, an automated housing block model is proposed that allows saving electricity and water while facilitating self-generation of energy as ways to make the building self-sustaining. Methodologically, the work combines alternative technologies of self-generation such as: Peak urban-type hydroelectric power plants, photovoltaic systems, slow wind turbines with an exciter system supported by permanent magnets, intelligent elevators, supported by lighting systems with the use of natural light and intelligent elevators. The power generation sources and the support systems are managed with a control system that uses cloud computing applications to facilitate the management of several buildings at the same time. The results show the benefits in terms of self-generation that for some hours of the day allows 100% coverage of the energy demand of the buildings and additionally the possibility of having surplus energy for sale to the network operator.


Loss-of-track detection (tracking validation) and automatic tracker adaptation to new object appearances are attractive topics in computer vision. We apply very efficient learnable sequential predictors in order to address both issues. Validation is done by clustering of the sequential predictor responses. No aditional object model for validation is needed. The paper also proposes an incremental learning procedure that accommodates changing object appearance, which mainly improves the recall of the tracker/detector. Exemplars for the incremental learning are collected automatically, no user interaction is required. The aditional training examples are selected automatically using the tracker stability computed for each potential aditional training example. Coupled with a sparsely applied SIFT or SURF based detector the method is employed for object localization in videos. Our Matlab implementation scans videosequences up to eight times faster than the actual frame rate. A standard-length movie can be thus searched through in terms of minutes.


Falls among the elderly account for 20% of all incident reports in hospitals and this has triggered debate on the state of care of bedridden patients.In this regard,as well as being an important issue in medical risk management,clarifying the risk factors for falls and taking measures to prevent them will contribute to the objectives of curing diseases and improving the quality of life of patients by ensuring that treatment is continuous,and reduce medical costs.In this study,we focused on carcinoma patients being treated with anticancer drugs,and examined the relevance of these 2 factors to fall incidence.First,we conducted an investigation of fall incident reports and the associated clinical records,and examined the medicines prescribed to the patients concerned.The risk of falls was analyzed by means of case-control studies or the case crossover method.About 40% of all cases of falls involved cancer patients,though such patients accounted for only around 20% of all inpatients.This made the unadjusted odds ratio for the risk of falling in cancer patients 3.22 which tended to be higher than that in patients with other diseases.Analysis of the drug-related fall risk revealed that the unadjusted odds ratio for risk of anticancer drug use in falls was 2.15,indicating that this was a relevant risk.In conclusion,our findings suggest that extra attention should be paid to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in order to prevent fall accidents.


Blood-Brotherhood is a pact of alliance formed between two persons by a ritual act in which each swallows the blood of the other. The pact is one of mutual assistance and is backed by powerful sanctions. It may bind only the two participants to certain obligations, or it may also involve the social groups of which they are members. Alliances based on exchange of blood have been recorded from many parts of the world, especially from Africa where they are exceedingly common. In some tribes the participants drink one another's blood directly from incisions made on their bodies, while in other tribes the blood is swallowed on a piece of meat or ground-nut or coffee-berry. But though the actual method of consumption varies in different cultures the purpose of the rite is always the same, and there is often much similarity between the ways in which it is carried out. Blood-brotherhood is not only widespread throughout Africa but it is also a ceremony which a European may inquire into easily and may even take part in without involving himself in social difficulties. It is the more surprising therefore that descriptive records of the ceremony by which the pact is formed and of the obligations which it entails are so scanty.


In the section of the notes titled "Cost of Capital," we examined how the cost of capital is determined. From those notes, you should have discovered that each type of funds the firm uses has a cost and that the required rate of return for the firm is the weighted average of the costs of the individual components of capital—that is, debt, preferred stock, and common equity—which is designated the weighted average cost of capital, or WACC. The WACC is calculated as follows:


A numerical controlled machine tool apparatus capable of providing intermediate measurement (in process measurement) during the carrying out of a machining process on a workpiece. A spindle of the apparatus, usually used for mounting a machining tool, is also capable of mounting a measuring tool which generates a contact signal when the measuring tool on the spindle is brought into contact with the workpiece. A measur ing control unit including a memory is capable of com pensating for any deviation that may exist between a center axis line of the measuring tool and the center axis line of the spindle, thereby making the apparatus capa ble of carrying out accurate measurements and adjust ing a machining process based on the result of such an accurate measurement.


Cyperus esculentus L. can be found wild, weedy, or in a cultivated state. It is an abundant weed in all mild and tropical zones and is considered one of the most important and hard-to-control weeds worldwide, although it is not as noxious as Cyperus rotundus L. (Holm et al., 1977). Usually, the wild and weedy plants are known as yellow nutsedge, and the cultivated plants, C. esculentus L. var. sativus Boeck., are known as chufa or tigernut. Chufa has been cultivated since the fourth millennium in Egypt and for several centuries in southern Europe (Pascual et al., 2000a), where it has never become an invasive weed in the cultivation area. It has been also cultivated in the United States for livestock feeding, especially for being pastured by pigs (Killinger and Stokes, 1951). Currently, chufa (Fig. 1) is an important vegetable crop in the Horta Nord area of the Valencia region (Spain). The acreage annually dedicated to the chufa crop is 500 ha with a production of 6.5 to 10 t and a value of 4 to 10 e. Chufa tubers are used to produce a beverage called horchata or ''horchata de chufas'' (chufa milk), which is a popular, refreshing, and wholesome drink in Spain. It is the milky aqueous extract of chufa tubers prepared adding sugar so that their minimum contents in fat, starch, and sugars are 2.5%, 2.2%, and 12 Brix, respectively (CRDO, 2012). Annually, 46 to 10 L of horchata are produced, representing a retail market value of 32 to 10 e (INE, 2012). Horchata has recently become popular in other countries such as France, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Argentina. Fresh chufa tubers can also be consumed on their own after soaking, although most of the crop is destined to horchata production. In Spain, the consumption of horchata is increasing; therefore, the Regional Administration of the Valencian Community has developed specific legislation regarding chufa qualitative parameters (CAPA, 2010). An increasing interest has been reported in chufa cultivation, mostly for food technology and biodiesel production, in Brazil, Cameroon, China, Egypt, Hungary, the Republic of Korea, Poland, Turkey, and the United States (Pascual-Seva et al., 2009). Traditionally, growers have used chufa landraces, and no breeding programs have been undertaken. Compared with the most important local landrace, the two new cultivars presented here significantly increase yield, and their tubers produce horchata of higher quality. Initially identified and evaluated as Clones 3 and 4, the cultivars are named after the towns of Bonrepos and Alboraia, respectively, which are the municipalities where the original tuber samples were taken from. Although the names Bonrepos and Alboraia were only given at the end of the selection and evaluation process, for purposes of clarity, Clones 3 and 4 are thereafter called clones Bonrepos and Alboraia (Fig. 2).


Background: Numerous obligatory intracellular bacteria from the Alphaproteobacteria genus Rickettsia can cause rickettsial infection. The most prevalent newly emerging and reemerging diseases are rickettsial infections. Objectives: The aim of the study was diagnosis and management of rickettsial infections among febrile patients attending in inpatient and outpatient department in a district hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-section observational study was carried out in the 250 Beded District Hospital, Joypurhat. The duration of the period from March 2022 to February 2023. A total of 250 patients participated in the study. Both male and female with any age, patients with elevated body temperature, headache, malaise, rash, nausea, and vomiting and gave consent to be included in the study. Severely ill patients, not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Weil Felix test was used in this study and a titre of 1:80 was considered to be positive. Statistical evaluation of the results used to be obtained via the use of a window-based computer software program devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24). Results: The mean age of the patients was 39 ± 1.9. 8% of the patients had ≤18 years of age. 16% were within the age group of 19-29 years, 28% were within the age group of 30-39 years, 24% were within the age group of 40-49 years, 14.4% were within the age group of 50-59 years and 9.6% were ≥60 years and 52% of the patients were male. 100% of the respondents had fever, 20% had generalized weakness, 15.2% had headache, 16% had cough and cold, 24% had body ache, 8% had vomiting and abdominal pain respectively, 4% had per nasal watery discharge, 36% had rash, 16% had nausea, 24% had anorexia and 4% had other symptoms. CBC & ESR and Weil Felix test were the most common (100%) investigation among the patients, Urine R/M/E in 68%, serum creatinine in 18%, USG of W/A in 15%, CRP in 18%, PBF in 7, Urine C/S in 10%, S. Electrolytes in 4% cases. We found 90 Rickettsial Infection positive patients. Doxycycline and Paracetamol and Esomeprazole were prescribed to all patients 90(100%) and followed by Linagliptin+Metformin to 20(22.22%), Glimipiride to 19(21.11%), Azithromycin to 18(20%) and Domperidon to 10(1.11%), Montelukast 9 (10%), Pantoprazole to 8(8.89%), Rupatadine to 7(7.77%), Ondansetron to 6(6.67%), Tiemonium to 5 5.57%), Fexofenadin to4(4.44%) and other treatment along with the prescribed medicines was given to 40(44.44%) patients. Authors studied the response of Doxycycline which showed 85(94.44%) cases improved within 48 hours of start of treatment. Remaining 5(5.55%) cases showed delayed response due to late presentation. Conclusion: Rickettsial illness is inextricably linked to the sociocultural life of the majority of metropolitan residents. However, a lack of medical facilities and qualified doctors makes it challenging to identify rickettsial disease in febrile patients. It's important to make an early diagnosis when treating rickettsial illness.


Cholangiocarcinoma (CHCA) is the most commoncancer in Thailand, especially in the Northeastern region.From population-based cancer registry in Khon Kaen, theincidence of CHCA is evidently high in area located nearwater reservoir with the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini,contamination in the fish. The trend in incidence of CHCAin Khon Kaen has been slowly declining in both sexeswith annual percent age changes of 0.7% and 0.4% inmale and female, respectively. The survival rate of patientwith CHCA is very low according to ineffective treatmentmodalities. Thus, prevention of liver fluke infection tohuman is the most effective strategy. The campaignagainst the fluke infection must be intensively implementedunder the national policy.


The company Germansmedia has developed recently HMD toolkit prototype. The current HMD toolkit is still at prototype phase, it has neither been further developed towards certain targets nor towards certain uses. Furthermore, the HMD toolkit also needs a concrete marketing strategy to guide it towards into the future market. Therefore it needs further new ideas as well as marketing strategy development. In order to discover new ideas of HMD toolkit, several activities including analyzing relative information, exploring with creative brainstorm sessions and interviews etc. are conducted to discover new ideas. Four new ideas are developed, which are: 1) removable covers, 2) removable glasses, 3) multiple HMD work together and 4) connecting accessories. The marketing strategy has also been developed for Germansmedia's HMD toolkit. The marketing strategy suggests Germansmedia to take two phases to finally introduce HMD toolkit to the market: 1) step-one phase focuses on developing services such as App design for existing HMD products and 2) step-two phase focuses on developing HMD toolkits to the complete product level and launch it to the market.


Acrylated epoxidized palm oil (AEPO) prepared by the reaction of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) with acrylic acid, triethylamine initiator and hydroquinone inhibitor prepared at various temperature and reaction times. The unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin was blended thoroughly with 10 wt% of the modified palm oil at room temperature, and thermally cured at 100 °C and post-cured at 160°C. The prepared palm oil derivative was characterised by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and the test proved the formation of acrylate functional group with characteristic absorbance at 1600-1600 cm−1 that indicates C=C functional group of the acrylate. The polymer blend tensile strength of the palm oil acrylate processed at 110°C for 16 hours (M2) showed reduction from 25.56 MP to 13.26 MP (48%), reduction in tensile modulus from 1.47 GPa to 1.18 GPa (19.7%) and the highest impact strength among the four acrylates of polymer blend is 21.97 J/m from palm oil acrylate processed at 105°C for 16 hours (M3). However, polymer blend from M2 acrylate showed increased in elongation at break from 2.805 % to 3.493 % (24.5 %) compared to neat unsaturated polyester and it outweighed reduction in tensile and impact of the polymer blend.


This paper uses such methods as literature,questionnaire survey,expert interviews to research the five teams from 4 univeristies which conduct competitive basketball activities in Sichuan region,and find some problems that hold back the development of competitive basketball activities there,such as poor competitive ability,inadequacy in coaches,lack of fund.And some countermeasures are suggested for a healthy development of such activities in this region.


Introduction:
 The faster IV Alteplase and mechanical thrombectomy is initiated in acute ischemic stroke, the better the outcome. Delays can significantly impact times to treatment. A mechanism to communicate time targets to code stroke teams can play an important role in providing knowledge about time sensitive metrics. The utilization of the ASA Stroke Time Tracker tool was created to improve communication in a timely manner to stroke teams providing acute treatment. The emphasis is on the education of time targets to improve door to treatment times.

 Hypothesis:
 To explore whether the use of the American Stroke Association Time Tracker tool as a communication instrument is associated with improved DTN and DTD times in both direct and transfer patients.

 Methods:
 In March 2020 the application of the ASA time tracker tool was introduced. A retrospective review revealed that DTN times improved from 58.7% to 71.6 % for those receiving t-PA within 45 minutes or less during the period the tool was in use. To explore whether timely feedback using the Time Tracker tool was associated with improved DTD times, mechanical thrombectomy data including DTD was collected and communicated to stroke care teams in April 2021. Compilation of time sensitive metrics in the evaluation of DTN times continued through Q2 2021. A retrospective analysis was conducted.

 Results:
 For those who received IV Alteplase, the percentage of patients treated within 30 minutes continued to improve, 21.1% (Q3 2020) vs. 35.7% (Q2 2021). The percentage of patients treated within 45 minutes also improved from 71.8% (Q3 2020) to 80.0% (Q2 2021). In patients who received endovascular therapy during Quarter 3 2020, 56.1% met the advanced therapy AHA Elite Plus criteria of DTD within 60 minutes (transfer patients) OR within 90 minutes (direct admit). This improved to 73.1% patients in Quarter 2 2021, during the use of the tool.

 Conclusions:
 There is an association between use of the ASA Time Tracker tool and improved DTN and DTD times. Further study should include continued use of the tool to confirm an association between direct communication with Code Stroke teams and improved treatment times.


Modifying the standard Sequence V-D test for alcohol fuels requires material changes in the fuel handling system, addition of a fine mesh fuel filter and the provision for easy fuel drainage. Besides rejetting the carburetors, the initial ring gaps of the 2.3L engine are reduced to maintain the blowby level of the standard test. Large oil consumption necessitates a modified oil leveling procedure. Precise measurements of the rings, bores, and valve-train components are essential to the evaluation of oil performance. Wear of a 2.3L engine using alcohols is larger than using gasoline. Special oils can be formulated to mitigate the wear problem. To test the 1.6L engine with the Sequence V-D procedure requires extensive modification to the production carburetor and some plumbing changes of the standard test stand. Load and initial oil charge are scaled to reflect the smaller engine requirements. Wear of the 1.6L engine is less severe than the 2.3L.


The paper used an non-competitive input-output model, adopted the Chinese input-output table of 1997, 2002 and 2007, considered the effect of processing trade, and divided all industries into 15 categories and energy resources into 8 categories to analyze the questions concerning CO2 emissions based on China's production, consumption, export, import, and the net CO2 emissions in international trade. The results show that:(1)China was always a country of net carbon export; CO2 emissions were increasing continuously from 1997—2007;CO2 emissions based on China's production were larger than that based on China's consumption; additionally, the proportion of CO2 emissions of export in the CO2 emissions of China's production was high, which indicated that the effect of export to China's CO2 emissions couldn't be ignored.(2)The three industries with greater CO2 emissions based on import and export were always machinery equipment manufacturing industry, chemical industry and metal products manufacturing industry.(3)In terms of unit output value,CO2 emission intensity of China's production, export and import was decreasing continuously from 1997—2007. However, CO2 emission intensity of net trade kept increasing; CO2 emission intensity of export was much greater than that of China's production. It showed that energy and resources were soaring in China's net trade. Therefore, China should encourage the export of industries that are low energy-consuming and low-emission, limit that of high energy-consuming and high-emission industries, develop wind, solar and other low-carbon and new energy resources actively to reduce the CO2 emissions of China, and achieve the goal of sustainable development under a low-carbon growth model.


The changer orde baru regime into reformation era has sent the indonesian nation to the process a significant change to the political system and media system, this change has a new basic and support to political live and democratis what is have the freedom feature. The article   "from the streets into the tube"  is a analysis the process of elections journey Indonesia who talk about how the process of change the campaign is traditional campaign to modern style and how the development of style in indonesia campaign ahead. A campaign modern style  is a style compaign who is using persuasive approach, with using mass media as persuasive society and as a complement to the existing campaign conventional style. Besides discuss transforming the campaign, in writing we will take him at in an understanding about how to approachs done by the contestants elections in making political advertising to earn commiserate from society.


Hand pollinations are frequently used to assess the postpollination success of different donors. We present evidence that the method used for hand pollinations can alter pollen germination rates and paternity of the resulting seeds. Two commonly used methods for hand pollination experiments are mixed pollinations, where pollen from several donors is physically mixed together, and adjacent pollinations, where pollen from one donor is close to, but not in physical contact with, pollen from other donors. These methods offer differing opportunities for pollen interaction, and for females to choose among mates. We found that the success of pollen donors in multidonor pollinations varied with pollination method in unpredictable ways across maternal plants. Pollen germination was significantly lower in adjacent pollinations, perhaps explaining some of the effects of pollination method on paternity. These results may yield insights on the factors influencing pollen success, and indicate that hand pollination experiments should employ pollination methods that mimic as closely as possible the natural arrival of pollen in nature.


In the calculation of water environmental capacity,design hydrological condition is a main influential factor.At present,the calculation methods for hydrological condition in China are different and the study on the applicability of calculation methods is extremely scanty,resulting in great differences of environmental capacity calculation results.On the basis of introduction to the research progress of river design flow at home and abroad,the common used calculation methods are compared and their applicability are studied.The Huntai River Basin is taken as an example,and the daily average flows of 15 hydrological stations in 20 years in the basin are used to calculate the design flow of every station.The calculation results show that for more in line with the actual situation,different design flows should be selected as the calculated flow of the water environmental capacity for different hydrological stations.


A composite having ultra-fine gold particles uniformly and strongly immobilized in a deposited state on a metal oxide is obtained by preparing a solution containing the metal oxide as a carrier and a gold compound, adjusting the pH value of the solution to a specific level thereby inducing precipitation and deposition of gold hydroxide or gold on the carrier and, when the precipitate is in the form of gold hydroxide, further, firing the precipitate. The ultra-fine gold particles immobilized on metal ox ides are useful as a catalyst for reduction and oxidation, in sensor elements for flammable gases, and as an elec trode catalyst.


Abstract Mechanisms are elucidated underlying the existence of dynamical systems whose generic solutions approach asymptotically (at large time) isochronous evolutions: all their dependent variables tend asymptotically to functions periodic with the same fixed period. We focus on two such mechanisms, emphasizing their generality and illustrating each of them via a representative example. The first example belongs to a recently discovered class of integrable indeed solvable many-body problems. The second example consists of a broad class of (generally nonintegrable) models obtained by deforming appropriately the well-known (integrable and isochronous) many-body problem with inverse-cube two-body forces and a one-body linear ("harmonic oscillator") force.


Communication is not a field removed from social life but a general property of action. Based on this fact, this article argues that the communication studies needed most today are those that are as sociological as possible. This requires researchers who not only embrace theoretical ambitions in their fieldwork, but also recognize the methodological primacy of description and understanding of situated action, without limiting themselves to it. On a theoretical level, it furthermore requires them to prolong their analysis of action with that of the evolving organization of societies, thus reviving an alliance with anthropology and history.


The paper revisits the concepts of translation process by Newmark (1988). Translation as a product is a written text in a target language as the end result of a translation process for a source-language text. Following the Newmark's (1988) theory, the writer analyzed the text around the analysis of the source text, transfer of the text into the target language and revision of the translation.


A method for radar target identification by range profile is proposed based on the combination of Wavelet and Evolutionary Networks. Wavelet transform is used to pre process the range profiles. A classifer based on Evolutionary Networks which is the integration of Neural Networks and a modified Genetic Algorithm are presented.


At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to a method, a device and/or a computer program product for creating a (three- or four-dimensional) model from a number of different image datasets (BD) from a number of modalities. To this end, in at least one embodiment, the image datasets (BD) are fitted into a representation (R) provided, the different image datasets (BD) being automatically enriched with contour lines (KL) and integrated into the representation (R). The model (M) is created from this.


This essay argues that the reason for the remoteness experienced by the majority of International Relations (IR) practitioners is that IR theory took a wrong turn in the 1960s, during the so‐called second Great Debate, by opting for a narrowly conceived scientific approach to the subject and allowing relations between potentially complementary approaches to develop into an intellectual Cold War. In response, the essay elaborates on an old philosophical distinction between practical and theoretic reason, which parallels the distinction drawn in the second Great Debate between traditional or historical approaches on the one side, and scientific or systemic approaches on the other. Commenting on the articles in CRIA's special section IR Theory in Practice: Entirely Academic?, the essay concludes that, strictly speaking, there ought perhaps to be no International Relations theory at all, and urges IR thinking instead.


The aging of the Portuguese population poses challenges in end-of-life care for primary care and family physicians. The de- velopment of palliative care as an autonomous discipline has led to an understanding that the involvement of primary care and family physicians is essential for the global provision of care. There is evidence that this is an important factor in allowing pa- tients to die at home. This is the preferred place of death for most Europeans, including the Portuguese. Portugal has one of the highest hospital death rates in Europe, possibly reflecting a lack of investment in training primary care physicians for end-of- life care. The creation of the National Plan for Palliative Care, the passage of the Palliative Care Law in Portugal, the creation of the National Network for Continuous Care (in which many family physicians are already taking part), and the provision of in- centives for home visits are examples of recent important measures. However, there are still many barriers to overcome to help family physicians improve the quality of palliative care given by generalists. Areas such as training, the availability of resources, and coordination with specialist palliative care should be targeted for improvement. We are still far from the standards set by other European countries in our ability to offer good end-of-life care to our patients. It is ethically imperative to make pallia- tive care a priority on the General Practice agenda in Portugal.


The course builds teaching resources pool in an learning platform named Super Star Learning Platform to create an teaching and learning model that includes students self-studying online before class, interactive learning during physical class and further study after class. The resources pool expands the scope of students learning resources, and insert a variety of high quality learning video resources to render students the opportunity to contact more and more new more cutting-edge knowledge about building materials. Amid the background of Internet assisted teaching, the new teaching method wants to break away from the awkward situation of little interaction inside the classroom through concrete practice. Based on the building materials course, this paper aims at the construction of gold course, and makes full use of online resources to realize the organic integration of online and offline teaching, so as to improve the professional ability and quality goals of higher vocational students.


The nationalization of ecclesiastical property in France, ordered in a series of decrees from 1789-1791, gave rise to the procedure of inventorying the libraries of ecclesias¬ tical establishments. This included both French and "foreign" establishments (located on territories recently occupied by Revolutionary France), thus producing a very rich documentary history which can "fix" the final state of collections of manuscripts and old printed books before they were dispersed. For collections that were formed in the medieval period and for which no catalogs were preserved, the revolutionary inventory becomes a unique tool which allows the study of the medieval library and its eventual reconstitution. This article focuses on the inventory of manuscripts (89 items) from the library of the Benedictine abbey of Gembloux (Belgium), recently discovered by us in the National Archives of France and identified as a copy of an revolutionary inventory established in 1795 (until now was considered lost). The richness and very rigorous methodology of the inventory allowed us to suggest identification for 84 items from the surviving manuscripts, all preserved today at the Royal Library of Belgium.


2-D diffraction patterns arising in the far-field region were investigated theoretically for the case, when the plane wave with non collinear group and phase velocities is incident on the wide slit in opaque screen with arbitrary orientation. This investigation was carried out by consideration as an example of magnetostatic surface wave diffraction in tangentially magnetized ferrite slab. It was deduced the universal analytical formula, which one can use to calculate the angular width of diffractive beam in any 2-D anisotropic geometries for the waves of various nature. It was shown, that in 2-D anisotropic geometries this width may be not only more or less then the value L/D (L - wavelength of incident wave, D - length of slit), but it also may be equal to zero in certain conditions.


Reviewing a brand new web-based service is always a risky proposition, as it seems many of them fail to catch on beyond the initial excitement of the announcement of a release. Google Wave, the subject of an April 2010 column in this journal (Ovadia 2010, 158) was abandoned by Google just a few months later (Miller 2010, B5). With that caveat in mind, it can be noted that summer 2011 saw Google announce and release Google+, Google's most recent attempt to enter the social networking space. Google's first foray into social networking was Orkut, which launched in 2004 and, for reasons no one quite seems to understand, quickly came to be wildly popular only in Brazil (Kugel 2006, C1). Google's next attempt was Buzz, which many users found intrusive, since the service pulled data from a user's Gmail contacts without the user's consent. The Buzz experiment resulted in Federal Trade Commission complaints, with Google eventually agreeing to an independent audit every 2 years for the next 20 years and promising to obtain permission from users before sharing their information (Gruenwald 2011, 5). Google's struggles with social networking projects might be related to Pariser's observation that while Facebook is good at managing relationships among people, Google is good at managing relationships among pieces of information (Pariser 2011, 40). Still, these failures seem to have helped Google in developing Google+, in terms of showing Google which pitfalls to avoid this time around. While it seems early to speak to its popularity in Brazil, Google+ seems very mindful of users' privacy. It is a fairly standard social networking site, where one adds friends and sees a stream of their news and posts. Where Google+ is different is with what Google+ refers to as circles. Circles are ways to arrange your contacts within Google+. Once someone is in a user's circle,


As parallel machines become more widely available, many existing algorithms are being converted to take advantage of the improved speed offered by such computers. However, the method by which the algorithm is distributed is crucial towards obtaining the speed‐ups required for many real‐time tasks. This paper presents three parallel implementations of the Douglas—Peucker line simplification algorithm on a Sequent Symmetry computer and compares the performance of each with the original sequential algorithm.


Using the idealized model of a leaky coaxial cable in a circular tunnel to represent a leaky-feeder communication channel, we examine both pulse transmission and the bandwidth limitations of the channel. The phase and group velocities of the bifilar mode are found to be nearly independent of frequency between 1 MHz and 100 MHz, and the channel bandwidth is found to be quite large. The effect of mode excitation is also examined by treating the mutual impedance between a pair of short electric dipoles as the transfer function and the channel bandwidth is still large.


The objective of this thesis is to study and develop novel, low complexity physical layer algorithms for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based communication systems. The study aims at two algorithmic categories, namely adaptive modulation and coding and compensation of severe phase noise (PHN) errors. A parameterized windowed least-squares (WLS) decision directed phase error estimator is proposed via proper (alternative) system modeling, applied to both channel estimation and data detection stage in OFDM systems. The window is optimized so as to minimize the post-compensation error variance (PCEV) of the residual phase, analytically computed for arbitrary PHN and frequency offset (FO) models. Closed-form expressions for near-optimal windows are derived for zero-mean FO, Wiener and first-order autoregressive PHN models, respectively. Furthermore, the diagonal-loading approach is properly employed, initially proposed for providing robustness to a general class of estimators in the presence of model mismatch, to enhance convergence of the iterative estimation scheme, in those high-SNR regions where the effect of data decision errors dominates performance. In the proposed OFDM scheme, channel, IFO estimation and data equalization are also based on the LS criterion, thus keeping the overall system complexity low. A generic performance description model is proposed and used for AMC algorithmic design, capable of describing most of current and under preparation communication protocols. This model proposition is incorporated to a larger family of performance modelling techniques named Effective SNR Mapping techniques (ESM). Using the ESM techniques and proper parameter adaptation constraints, a number of low-complexity AMC algorithms are developed under a chosen set of optimization scenarios. A framework for the design of AMC algorithms using approximate performance description models is proposed. Specific bounds are derived for quantifying the power loss when using approximate models. The effect of outdated channel state information is also studied by statistically characterizing the effective SNR at the receiver. This description allows parameter adaptation under mobility scenarios.
The main value of this collective procedure is the development of low complexity- high performance algorithms, implementable on pragmatic OFDM systems.


A wireless, battery-less load cell was fabricated based on the resonant frequency shift of a vibrating magnetoelastic strip when exposed to an AC magnetic field. Since the vibration of the magnetoelastic strip generated a secondary field, the resonance was remotely detected with a coil. When a load was applied to a small area on the surface of the magnetoelastic strip via a circular rod applicator, the resonant frequency and amplitude decreased due to the damping of its vibration. The force sensitivity of the load cell was controlled by changing the size of the force applicator and placing the applicator at different locations on the strip's surface. Experimental results showed that the force sensitivity increased when a larger applicator was placed near the edge of the strip. The novelty of this load cell is not only its wireless passive nature, but also the controllability of the force sensitivity.


The American approach to special education is unique. It is grounded in an extensive statutory and regulatory framework. Its robust dispute resolution framework provides opportunities for collaboration and reconciliation while also pitting parents versus school districts in legal proceedings. The American special education experience is rich in ideas, models, good intentions and hard-earned experience. Thus it is an ideal subject for comparative analysis. In the case of Uganda, the American legal environment is particularly instructive. The legal framework regarding the provision of special education in Uganda is skeletal and largely undefined. The domestic law places emphasis of establishing structures and capacity building. 2 While, certain organizations look to the provision of education to persons with disabilities as a human rights issue, human rights instruments are short on practical approaches for implementing meaningful special education reform. Admittedly, there is a substantive imbalance within this paper weighted toward American law. This imbalance is not the result of any intent by the author to promote the export of the American special education system. The American legal framework is far more detailed and expansive and detailed. There is simply much more substance to cover on the American side. Moreover, the author's personal experience and is heavily weighted on the American side. This paper is not an attempt to promote and import American ideas and methodologies. Instead the intent is to inspire informed assessment of the legal and regulatory framework that guides, enables and accompanies the provision of special education services in Uganda.


ERS-1 and ASAR imagery were used for mapping and monitoring the forest area of French Guiana for 1992/1993, 2003/2004, and 2006/2007. Imagery was ortho-rectified using the SRTM DEM. A least square algorithm was used to improve the residual geometric inaccuracies. For the ERS data, significantly better geometric performance could be achieved using the PGS processor (the so called Envisat processor) data than with the standard VMP processor. The image analysis used three SAR based features, which were computed of two to five acquisitions from the same location. The most effective feature in change detection is annual average amplitude. The planned future operative system uses annual SAR data acquisitions and sample point inventory using highresolution optical data twice in decade. The study was part of the GMES (Global Monitoring for the Environment and Security) Service Element Forest Monitoring. Keywords— Forest; Change detection; French Guiana; ERS;ASAR; GMES.


ports Common Crisis, the second Report of the Brandt Commission, comes three years after its first Report A Programme for Survival, when the development of the world economy has tended to confirm the original pessimism of the first report. The first Brandt report had a philosophical approach which set out a longterm strategy for economic reform, whilst the present document, Common Crisis, is, by comparison, highly pragmatic, and inspired with a sense of urgency. It does not retrace the ground of the first report, which looked at long term structural changes in world economic relationships to ensure sustained progress towards a less unequal world community, but focuses on the crisis that has arisen through inaction on the measures recommended earlier.


uC/OS-Ⅲ is a preemptive real-time system published by Micrium at August 1,2011.uC/OS-Ⅲ's inter-tasks communication through global variables,semaphores,task built-in message queues,external message queues,event flags group.


It has recently been reported that pathological molecules of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as tau, are transmitted through extracellular vesicles (EVs). We hypothesized that AD‐related proteins are detectable in neuron‐derived EVs (NDE) present in peripheral blood, since the pathological proteins will be protected by the lipid bilayer of EVs from degradation. The objective of the study is to assess the novel NDE isolation method for the quantification of AD‐related proteins using ultra‐sensitive digital ELISA method.


E2 I CUTIS WWW.MDEDGE.COM/DERMATOLOGY PLEASE TURN TO PAGE E3 FOR THE DIAGNOSIS A 70-year-old man who had been admitted to the hospital a week prior for a right groin abscess overlying the site of a femoral graft developed a purpuric rash isolated to the left arm of 1 day's duration. The dermatology service was consulted by vascular surgery. The patient denied prior episodes of a similar rash, and there was no associated pruritus or pain. There was no history of trauma to the area. His medical history was remarkable for type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease. His surgical history was notable for bilateral popliteal aneurysm repair and right femoral aneurysm repair. No pertinent family history was elicited. Cefepime, metronidazole, and vancomycin were administered for the groin abscess. Additional medications included amlodipine, atorvastatin, diltiazem, gabapentin, heparin, insulin, oxycodone, and acetaminophen. Physical examination revealed broad ecchymoses on the left forearm with scattered petechiae as well as linear ecchymoses on the left upper arm distributed in the area where a sphygmomanometer cuff was applied. Full-body skin examination confirmed that the distribution of the petechiae and ecchymoses was limited to the left arm. The patient was normotensive at the time of examination. Laboratory evaluation revealed a hemoglobin level of 10.9 g/dL (reference range, 14.0–17.5 g/dL), a platelet count of 279,000/μL (reference range, 150,000–350,000/μL), and a glucose level of 121 mg/dL (reference range, 70–110 mg/dL).


All-optical wavelength conversion is experimentally demonstrated for 40 Gb/s Pol-MUX QPSK signal using four-wave mixing in a single silicon waveguide. The power penalties of dual polarizations are both <;1.5 dB at the BER of 3×10-3.


This paper presents a two-stage disassembly and retrieval system that provides a unique solution for planning selective component recovery from products. The solution approach uses a process sequencing technique to schedule the operations in both stages to optimize the operational makespan.


Currently, the internet services with 3G technology by mobile phone operators in Thailand are different in the performance. The mobile phone operators have already launched 3G technology with 2G frequency ranges, which are limited in the efficiency. This paper aims to compare the efficiency of the internet service with 3G technology by three mobile phone operators (AIS, DTAC and Truemove H) in Thailand. There are three type of testing as follows: Ping to both domestic and international website, Bandwidth speed test, and FTP Test (upload and download) are used to evaluate the performance of these mobile phone operators. There were five places in Bangkok where are the top of the network congestion list for such testing the three mobile phone operators. The result showed that AIS gives the best performance in the ping test. Truemove H introduces the best performance in both FTP and Bandwidth speed test. The DTAC performances are moderated level for every tests. ค าส าคัญ : เทคโนโลยี 3จี บริการอินเทอรเ์นต็ เปรียบเทียบประสิทธิภาพ ผู้ใหบ้ริการโทรศัพท์เคลื่อนที ่


The influence of 19th century philosophy on Freud's thought is to this day underestimated in comparison with the influence of the scientific theories. Gödde vindicates Max Horkheimer's proposition that Freud was "in certain respects a successor to Schopenhauer" even though Freud knew Schopenhauer (and Nietzsche) through secondary literature rather than through the original writings.


Organic acid secretion from higher plant roots into the rhizosphere soil plays an important role in nutrient acquisition and metal detoxification; however, their precise functions and the related mechanisms in abiotic stress tolerance remain poorly understood. Tobacco is an important crop plant, so thoroughly elucidating these factors in tobacco is of high priority. In the present study, the activation effect on soil potassium (K), contents of exuded organic acids, and physiological changes in the roots of various tobacco varieties under both normal K supply and K-deficiency stress were investigated. Our results showed that one high-K variety (ND202) exhibited a significantly higher total content of organic acids in the root exudates and the highest available K content in the rhizosphere soil, compared with two common ones (K326 and NC89). Moreover, the high-K tobacco variety was less affected in terms of root vigor under K-deficiency stress, and displayed greater increases in the activities of the stress-resistant enzymes consisting of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Taken together, these results provide evidence that tobacco roots exude large amounts of organic acids to increase the available K content in the rhizosphere soil and improve the utilization rate of soil K.


Single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) wavelength-tunable fiber lasers are extensively explored both in science and industry because of the applications in optical switching, network protection, instrument testing, optical sensors, and medical applications. In this paper, we present tunable SLM linear-cavity fiber lasers from design to experimental investigation.


Corresponding author: Ho Sueb Song Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Korea Tel: +82-32-770-1342, Fax: +82-32-764-9990, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2020R1A2C1013956).


Based on the practice teaching program in East China Institute of Technology, general theory for construction of characteristic practice teaching system in universities is put forward.The goal establishment of talent training, teacher training for practice teaching activities, improvement of infrastructure and basic conditions for practice teaching, and strengthening management of practice teaching are discussed.


The spray combustion characteristics of "inside-out" effervescent atomizer at low injection pressure have been investigated in the present study. The atomizer is mounted on experimental furnace cooled by separate segments water jacket the plain orifice atomizer is powered by diesel fuel and air as atomizing gas. The study shows the influence of A/F ratio, atomizing gas to liquid mass ratio (GLR), injection pressure, and exit orifice diameter on flame temperature distribution inside the furnace. cooling water heat flux, stack temperature, and combustion efficiency. The air to fuel mass ratio (A/F) varies from 20 to 50 Kgair/Kgfuel, and operating pressure varies from 0.5 to 2 bar. The results show that the increasing on A/F ratio decreases the flame length, and exhaust gas temperature, while the combustion efficiency increases. It was found also that, when using A/F ratios higher than 30 the combustion efficiency becomes greater than 90%. Where, the increasing on operating pressure increases the flame maximum temperature and heat transfer to cooling water. Moreover, increasing the combustion efficiency. The results could enrich our knowledge of effervescent spray combustion characteristics and achieving higher combustion efficiency with low pollutant emissions.


Smart Grid, with its advanced two-way communication mechanism, has been envisioned to improve efficiency and stability of grid operation significantly. One of the key features of smart grid is its flexible demand response mechanism based on which the energy consumers are able to schedule their energy consumptions wisely over time to trade off between its utility and the associated energy-acquisition cost. The key ingredient in consumers' demand response is the electricity price, which is normally determined and controlled by the electricity-providers or retailer. As a result, the consumers usually suffer from a potential loss of welfare due to this "unfair" pricing scheme dominated by the providers. Motivated by this consideration, in this paper we propose a cooperative energy scheduling and pricing scheme, which allows the consumers to jointly optimize its electricity consumption and his preferred payment, based on the Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) from the microeconomics theory. Our numerical results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve both consumers' net-welfare and provider's net-profit compared to the non-cooperative case.


The communicating of emotional support would seem to be an aspect of any successful relationship. Additionally, it would seem to reason that how one communicates emotional support would be an aspect of a relationship pertinent to communication research. Unfortunately, there is very little empirical evidence that illuminates how this is related to other relational outcomes such as trust. Weber and Patterson (1996) first developed a measure that taps into how much emotional support one receives from a specific other. In their initial scale development piece the authors validate the Communication Based Emotional Support Scale (CBESS) by finding positive correlations with both relationship solidarity and relationship satisfaction. This current study aimed to further validate the CBESS by exploring its relationship to trust, self‐disclosure, and feelings of being understood.


The ration of rural students is increasing in local institutions.Through the research to the 100 students in Pingdingshan University,it can be found that the students'oral English is poor.It is crucial to find out the reasons,however,the more important is to use the proper teaching methods to help rural students improve their oral English.


The frequency of power systems is very sensitive to load variations. Additionally, with the increased penetration of renewable energy sources in electrical grids, stabilizing the system frequency becomes more challenging. Therefore, Load Frequency Control (LFC) is used to keep the frequency within its acceptable limits. In this paper, an adaptive controller is proposed to enhance the system performance under load variations. Moreover, the proposed controller overcomes the disturbances resulting from the natural operation of the renewable energy sources such as Wave Energy Conversion System (WECS) and Photovoltaic (PV) system. The superiority of the proposed controller compared to the classical LFC schemes is that it has auto tuned parameters. The validation of the proposed controller is carried out through four case studies. The first case study is dedicated to a two-area LFC system under load variations. The WECS is considered as a disturbance for the second case study. Moreover, to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller, the dynamic performance is compared with previous work based on an optimized controller in the third case study. Finally in the fourth case study, a sensitivity analysis is carried out through parameters variations in the nonlinear PV-thermal hybrid system. The novel application of the adaptive controller into the LFC leads to enhance the system performance under disturbance of different sources of renewable energy. Moreover, a robustness test is presented to validate the reliability of the proposed controller.


The positive association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis has been reported in previous observational studies, but the causal relationship remains unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate whether RA was causally associated with osteoporosis in Japanese populations using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.


SUMMARY Onehundred andfifteen patients presenting with various clinical conditions (multiple sclerosis, recurrent infections, HBAg-positive chronic hepatitis, Crohn's disease, ataxia-telangiectasia, SSPEandatopic dermatitis) wereevaluated forE-rosette formation. Forty-two patients were found tohave alownumber ofE-rosettes. Eighteen patients with lowE-rosettes weretreated with levamisole, ananti-anergic chemotherapeutic agent, andwerecompared with anuntreated control group ofsixteen patients. Levamisole treatment significantly increased lowE-rosettes inthese patients andthis wasaccompanied byaremarkable clinical improvement andasignificant reduction ofhaemolytic complement activity. Therefore ourresults suggest theimportant role of T-cell function inthese various clinical conditions, inwhich cell-mediated immunity isthought toplay amajor role.


According to agricultural education special artillery,we proposed the teaching goal localization,causes choice and teaching material construction.In order to improve the student's operation ability,we sujgestions also gave some Suggestions.


Abstract : Using visible wavelength radiance data obtained horn the spaceborne Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), during the Aerosol Characterization Experiment-Asia (ACE-Asia), an analysis of the Japan and East China Sea regions was completed to determine the background ocean reflectance characteristics and distribution, the effects of both ocean turbidity and various aerosols on the radiance received from the top of the atmosphere, and develop algorithms designed to identify areas of airborne dust and high ocean turbidity. The primary objective of the analysis was to better catheterize and parameterize the regional background reflectance in order to improve the accuracy of the aerosol optical depth algorithms currently in use. A secondary objective was to develop a method of determining the geographic extent and basic intensity of the ocean turbidity. The intent of the study was to explore how visible wavelength solar radiation is affected by its interaction with the regional environment. The work has operational significance because many types of military systems operate using visible wavelength energy and are greatly affected by scattering particles either airborne or suspended in the water column. The types of systems affected range from imaging and targeting to mine hunting and identification equipment.


The Research Councils UK (RCUK) has mandated that after 1 April 2013, papers with RCUK funding be submitted to journals that are compliant with its open-access policy. This policy requires "immediate and unrestricted access to the final published version of papers" and use of the Creative Commons Attribution License (known as CC-BY). Copyright remains with the authors.


The study shows that multi-sided markets pose difficulties when the relevant product market is to be defined. These difficulties pertain to two questions. The first question is whether one or sever ...


Children just can't get enough of Lego bricks at a centre that's been built with more than a million of them. Katy Morton reports.


ONE OF THE remarkable phenomena that has occurred in clinical medicine in the past 30 years is the increased numbers of infants and children referred to cardiac centers because of arrhythmias. Beginning in the 1970s, many more arrhythmias have been encountered compared with the number seen clinically in the 1950s. The increased incidence of arrhythmias is new to the primary physician as well as to the pediatric cardiologist. Primary care physicians have customarily referred virtually all pediatric patients with known or suspected heart disease to a cardiac center. This includes symptomatic as well as totally asymptomatic individuals with the slightest hint of a cardiac irregularity or abnormally slow or rapid heart rate. The large number of new arrhythmias being diagnosed may be related to improved undergraduate and graduate training of physicians, as well as continuing education programs such as those offered by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Also, however, more arrhythmias are being detected by the use of electrocardiographic monitors in the nurseries, wards, operating rooms, and recovery rooms at children's hospitals. The fact that fetal heart rate and rhythm are being watched more closely, plus the availability of fetal echocardiography and the knowledge that fetal arrhythmias may cause nonimmune fetal hydrops as well as maternal polyhydramnios, brings many new cases of fetal and neonatal arrhythmia to the attention of the pediatric cardiologist. Exercise electrocardiography, 24 hr ambulatory monitoring, and transtelephonic electrocardiography have also increased detection. The new generation of pediatric cardiologists who have pioneered in the study of arrhythmias in pediatric patients have encouraged physicians everywhere to be sensitive to early manifestations of arrhythmia and to refer these patients promptly for diagnosis and treatment, including surgery if necessary. Several innovations in the management of arrhyth-


The author studied 30 strains of Microsporum canis to observe production of perforations of hair in vitro using the technique described by Ajello y Georg. All strains: 13 is lated in Merida, 5 in Caracas, Venezuela; 5 in Florence, Italy; 7 in U. S. A., produced perforations. Venezuelan and Italian strains were of human origin; U. S. A. strains had been isolated from animals.


This report describes the capabilities and use of EPRI's Underground Tank Risk Management Model (TANKS). TANKS is a sophisticated software system designed to assist in the decisionmaking process regarding tank management strategies. TANKS can address important questions. What should be done with current tanks. What are the best leak detection and other management options for these tanks, and when should they be replaced. What types of tank systems should be installed when a new or replacement tank is needed: What leak detection is best for the selected system. What are the priorities for replacement and leak testing. What are the risks and costs of delaying action. How large are the savings associated with improvements in strategy. How much are risks reduced. Management options that can be assessed include: double-walled tanks and other forms of secondary containment, combinations of leak detection methods, aboveground tanks, tank repair or relining, testing of cathodic protection, and maximum tank age policies. 110 figs., 9 tabs.


The textural attributes of 8 different heat-induced protein gel preparations evaluated by torsion failure testing and Instron texture profile analysis (TPA) were compared to sensory ratings by a trained texture profile panel. The gels presented a wide range of textural properties as determined by the instrumental and sensory parameters. Among the instrumental parameters, true shear strain at failure was the most frequent and significant predictor of sensory notes. Initial shear modulus and 50% compression force had the poorest correlations with sensory notes. Comparison of the two instrumental tests produced high correlations between shear stress at failure and TPA hardness; true shear strain at failure and TPA cohesiveness; and, initial shear modulus and 50% compression force. High correlations were also observed among various panel notes. Canonical correlation analyses showed that sets of linear combinations of parameters from each one of the 3 tests (torsion, TPA or sensory) were highly correlated to sets from either of the other two. Regression equations relating each of the instrumental tests to sensory notes were developed. Of the torsion failure parameters, the logarithm of true shear strain most commonly appeared in the equations. Of the TPA parameters, cohesiveness and its logarithm were the terms that were most frequent. High R2 values were obtained for regression equations developed for predicting torsion failure parameters based on TPA parameters.


PURPOSE: To provide the subject compds. which are useful for the treatment and prevention of thrombosis, arteriosclerosis, etc., and particularly for the prevention of tissue aging and also useful as a standard compd. for biological reagents and structural study. CONSTITUTION: These oligosaccharides contain the chain based on a two-dimensional structural module (A-U) n or (U-A) n (unit A is the D-galactosamine structure of formula I; unit U is the D-glucuronic acid structure of formula II or L-iduronic acid structure of formula III; n is 1 to 6) corresponding to a linkage x-y or y-x. The module of the oligosaccharides consists of such a completely protected module which is obtainable after glycolation slap or is a substance contg. free-OH. For example, the one side non-protected A-U deriv. of formula IV (Pht is phthalimide: sp is acetyl) is obtd. by condensing the formula V and the formula VI, then subjecting the condensation product to a deoxidation- monochloroacetylation treatment with thiourea in a pyridine-ethanol mixture. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


A new type of analog-to-digital conversion technique is presented in this paper. The interfacing hardware is a very simple nonlinear circuit with 1-bit modulated output. As a implication, behind the hardware simplicity retained is hidden a dreadful nonlinear duty-cycle modulation ratio. However, the overall nonlinear behavior embeds a sufficiently wide linear range, for a rigorous digital reconstitution of the analog input signal using a standard linear filter. Simulation and experimental results obtained using a well tested prototyping system, show the feasibility and good quality of the proposed conversion technique.


[14C]Pantetheine fatty acid synthetase from baker's yeast was denatured in guanidine hydrochloride. Then the protein components of the multienzyme complex were subjected to a Sephadex filtration in guanidine hydrochloride and a preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a phenol containing medium. It could be demonstrated that the [14C]pantetheine label was co-valently bound to one of the smallest polypeptide chains of the multienzyme complex. In analogy to the soluble acyl carrier protein which was first isolated from Escherichia coli and contained 4′-phosphopantetheine as a prosthetic group, the pantetheine-protein component of the yeast multienzyme complex was denoted as yeast acyl carrier protein. Its molecular weight seemed to be higher and its amino acid composition different from the E. coli acyl carrier protein.


When, in order to make an arrest, police or other law-enforce ment officers, or agents working in their behalf, encourage the commission of a crime, this practice is known as entrapment; it has been frowned upon by American courts and has, in fact, been regarded as sufficient defense provided there is substantial reason to believe the crime would not have been committed had it not been for such encouragement. The courts have argued that the law sullies itself, failing to serve as an example of righteous ness, when it induces someone to commit a crime. Further, the law should not act to increase the temptations for persons with psychological or other predilections toward certain offenses. Finally, entrapment is said to lead to blackmail, extortion, and bribery, and to accusations against completely innocent persons in order to enhance the record of a police officer or to gain leniency for another offender who has aided the entrapment and may be under indictment. The defense of entrapment has been used in cases involving illegal purchases and sales (as narcotics, liquor, and pornogra phy); in prostitution and homosexual cases; and in political cases involving strikes, civil rights, anti-war and black militant actions, and student unrest. In these latter instances, the authors suggest that entrapment (usually by an agent provocateur) con stitutes a threat to the democratic process, tending to discredit otherwise legitimate social protest and to stay the hand of social change. The authors suggest guidelines for the use of undercover agents in crime detection in legitimate ways that would not con stitute entrapment.


The Protestant mission of the 19C showed a great deal of expansion in missionary works, which was enough to be called 'the Great century'....


The authors investigated the calorie and protein intake over one year with pupils in dormitories in senior high school (29 males; 17 females, aged from 15 to 18 years) in association with observations of their physical fitness and structure.1) The calorie intake was 2, 670 Cal.(males) and 2, 280 Cal.(females) per day on average. The calorie consumption per day calculatedfrom the investigation by the time-study method was 2, 390 Cal.(males) and 2, 040 Cal (females) on average. The differences between these two categories were about 10% of the calorie intake which may correspond to calorie consumption due to S.D.A. and the growth.2) The protein intake was 90g/day (1.6g/kg) with male and 72g/day (1.4g/kg) with female and the protein score was 72 to 75, the limiting amino acid being tryptophan.3) The rate of growth of height, body weight and physical strength of these pupils in a year was about the same or a little higher as compared with the standard rate of Japanese young people of the same age.4) The calorie and the protein intakes of these pupils are a little lower than the levels of the recommended allowance of the Japanese revised at 1957. Therefore, it is concluded that the revised recommended daily dietary allowance can fulfil the physiological requirements of calorie and protein which enable the present standard rate of Japanese high teen agers.


Cloud computing has been evolving over a couple of years with the increased use of cloud-based services like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Dropbox, Office 365, and so on. It revolves around the several technologies, for developing and supporting these services. With the evolution of new technologies, it leads to widespread use of cloud-based applications in real time. Processing powers are increased tremendously, more efficient, and centralized in the cloud environments. With the launch of services in a cloud environment has decreased the price of various services at the cost of security in these services. It is inevitable for most of the individuals and small organizations to use these services at reduced or less secured cloud services. There are many open challenges in the cloud environment, which needs to be addressed. In this paper, we propose a framework to solve various ethical and security aspects related to cloud computing.


Mitochondria, organelles essential for ATP production, play a central role in a number of cellular functions, including the regulation of insulin secretion. Neurotensin (NT), an important regulator...


Brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among children and adolescents in the United States. Data from earlier studies suggested racial and ethnic differences in survival among pediatric patients with brain tumor. This study examined racial/ethnic difference in survival using national data and considered the effects of demographic and clinical factors.


A theoretical actual nonlinear mathematical model for induction motor running at no and partial loads and fed from a thyristorized AC voltage controller, was introduced to determine optimum slips required for energy-saving achievement when running at maximum efficiency and power factor (PF), minimum active and reactive power, minimum stator current and losses. A software package in BASIC was introduced to determine the net energy saving when using the controller, the critical value for the load torque at which the net energy equals zero, and the control parameters required for optimum-slip detection. Finally, the open-loop control technique was implemented to check the computed results required for the terminal-impedance closed-loop control system. A comparison study between experimental and computed results was introduced. Finally, experimental open-loop control parameters were tabulated in the look-up table to drive the implemented closed-loop technique that include the current limiting loop required through starting.


Method Whole-blood 5HT levels were measured by the method of Contractor (1964) with the following modifications. (a) Capillary blood obtained from the heel with minimal squeezing was used instead of venous blood. It had previously been established in four normal adults that 5HT levels in capillary and venous blood drawn simultaneously were in close agreement. (b) The procedure was scaled down to allow the use of 1 ml. blood instead of 2 ml. and carboxymethylcellulose columns were reduced in height from 10 to 5 cm. These changes inevitably reduced the sensitivity of the procedure and increased the error of the method from ± 5% to ± 36%, but as the observed changes in blood levels in each age-group were greater than this margin of error, they were considered to be significant. Platelets were counted by the method of Dacie and Lewis (1963). Results


in another paper.12 Twenty-four out of 25 full-term babies who began breathing after a delay of 1-5 minutes, 15 out of 16 who began after 6-10 minutes, and all five who began after 11-15 minutes were normal at the age of 1 year and remained so. Similarly, McPhail and Hall,'3 who tested the intelligence and behaviour of 34 children of school age who had been apnoeic at birth, found no abnormalities among them. Finally an informative report has just appeared from Belfast, where Campbell, Cheeseman, and Kilpatrick"4 examined the records of the Royal Maternity Hospital in that city for the years 1938-41, and selected for study all the infants who had been born in a condition of asphyxia pallida or asphyxia livida lasting for a stated period of over two minutes. In the end they were able to trace 61 out of 89 " asphyxiated" infants and to compare them with a control group of 134 infants born at the same time. The examination of the children was so arranged that the clinicians did not know from which group a child came. The authors found no significant differences in the average physical measurements of the two groups of children, in haemoglobin levels, or in intelligence (assessed from Raven's matrices). They conclude that the results of their investigation do not support the hypothesis that asphyxia neonatorum is a common cause of later physical or mental retardation. There are great difficulties in the interpretation of these reports. It seems clear that those who are consulted about defective children are apt to obtain a too pessimistic view of the outcome of foetal 'asphyxia. There can be little doubt that asphyxia can and does cause spasticity, convulsions, and mental deficiency, but it is not clear how often it does so; and it is still less clear whether it leads to behaviour disorders. A mentally or physically defective child is more likely to develop psychological disorders than other children, and any study designed to determine the relation of asphyxia at birth to subsequent behaviour disorders should exclude such defective children. A special difficulty is the absence of a yardstick by which to measure behaviour disorders. Behaviour which some would consider abnormal, others, with greater knowledge of normal child psychology, would consider normal. A child's behaviour depends largely on his inherited character and on environment, in particular the parental attitudes and management, and this might be related to the circumstances of his birth. Elderly primiparae are more likely to have obstetrical difficulties than others, and the emotional background of an only child of elderly parents, particularly if there were severe obstetrincal difficulties or other factors which might render another pregnancy impossible, could well lead to overprotection and behaviour disorders. A further possibility is that a child may be cyanotic at birth because of cerebral agenesis, with its widespread effects on the nervous system, so that the subsequent defects need not be the result of the asphyxia at all. The answer to some of these problems can come only from the study of larger series of cases, but here again there are difficulties. The higher the standard of obstetrics the lower is the incidence of foetal asphyxia.7 Darke could find only 49 cases of severe asphyxia out of 25,261 deliveries, and only 19 of these could be traced. The investigation, which must be adequately controlled, should include a standard method of measuring the degree of asphyxia, such as that of Flagg."5 The development of the infant should be assessed by Gesell's standards and by the other accepted methods at later ages. The psychological examination should be undertaken by a physician or psychologist who is thoroughly conversant with normal child psychology and who does not know the birth history of the children whom he is examining. The results of such studies might do much to lessen the widespread pessimism about the outlook for these children, and they would certainly help doctors to give a sounder opinion to the parents.


Metamaterial waveguides, allowing refractive index engineering, have been verified as solutions for integrated photonic devices in optical IO. Here, we report on optical return loss control in Si metamaterial waveguide design for low backscattering.


Catalytic decontamination of waste gases in a fixed bed reactor, operating at non-steady state conditions achieved by periodic gas flow reversal, is simulated on the basis of a mathematical model. The opportunity to utilize a significant part of the reaction heat is discussed and the effect of catalyst inactivation upon reactor performance is analyzed. Stable temperature regime and conversion exceeding 99.5% could be ensured by a more than eightfold reduction of catalyst activity.


Based on Schwartz' (1973) model of altruistic behavior, it was hypothesized that subjects who rate high on willingness to donate blood and ascription of responsibility to the self will be more likely to donate blood than all other subjects. Willingness to donate blood and AR were measured among 180 undergraduates enrolled in an introductory psychology course at the beginning of the spring semester. Actual blood donation was measured 2 months later in the context of a Red Cross blood drive. The results supported the hypothesis.


* Weimar * The Third Reich * Folk Community * The Party * Ritual and F hrer Worship * Corruption * Denunciation * Justice * The Civil Service * The Army * The Land * Business * The Workers * Consumption * Health * The Family * Women * Youth * Education * The Universities * Nazi Speech * Humor * Literature * The Theater * The Cinema * Press and Radio * Music * Art * Religion * The Jews


As expensive new generating capacity is added to rate base, concern over allocation of capacity costs escalates. Inclusion of those fixed charges in the energy component of electric rates is increasingly sought to be justified on the grounds that new generating units are being added not only to meet peak demand but to achieve fuel cost savings. This article comments on the economic distortions created by allocating demand costs on an energy basis and urges a closer examination of utility planning processes and the application of these energy allocation methodologies. 3 references.


The COVID-19 crisis is impacting the reconfiguration of food systems at different scales. In poor countries where food insecurity had already been a major problem, the urban population under the lockdown often had to cope alone with shortages of food and access to it. In the poorest country in the Americas, the urban population adapted the food system by intensifying the practice of urban agricultural activities. In this exploratory research, using a sample including urban dwellers that were engaged in urban agriculture and those who were not, we investigated the following question: Did urban agriculture linked to COVID-19 represent an appropriate and innovative strategy for the urban food system resilience? Our results confirm that the Haitian urban population used urban agriculture as an innovative and appropriate food resilience strategy. They produced varieties chosen for their very rapid production character and were able to cope successfully with the crisis, and also have lessons to share with other actors and countries.


During the thirteenth century the suburban margins emerged as spaces of religious renewal. Men and women like St Francis, Yvette of Huy, and Mary of Oignies underwent intense personal conversions in the margins and took on new lives of devotion caring for the poor, sick, and leprous. The role of women in this process has often been overlooked, yet between the Southern Low Countries and the county of Champagne new female communities took root in derelict hospices and farm buildings along the urban fringe. In this way, the margins functioned as spaces to remake the self, to critique urban society, and reform the religious life.