Ibrutinib (Ibr) is a specific inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, a component of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling. Venetoclax (Veneto) inhibits the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2. Both drugs are highly effective as monotherapy against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (Byrd NEJM, Roberts, NEJM, 2015 and Roberts, Blood, 2019) and clinical trials using the combination therapy are ongoing. An interesting clinical observation is that the tumor cell sensitivity to these two drugs differ between different anatomic compartments. While lymph node-resident CLL cells are more sensitive to ibr, circulating CLL cells in the peripheral blood are more sensitive to the action of veneto. When these two drugs are used in combination to treat relapsed/refractory (Hillman ASH 2018 and Kater EHA 2019) or previously untreated CLL patients (Jain NEJM 2019), rate of complete response significantly increases compared to single drug alone. Moreover, negativity of bone marrow minimal residual disease continues to improve over time.
 However, the reason behind these observed compartmental responses is largely unknown, and we investigated the differential response using an ex vivo model that promotes CLL proliferation (CLL proliferation model). A better understanding of how these two drugs synergize would eventually help develop other rational combination strategies. We established the ex vivo model using fibroblasts derived from the bone marrow of a CLL patient. In this model, CLL cells closely interact with the bone marrow fibroblasts (BMF) (Fig.1) and divide and proliferate for several generations, as measured by CFSE labeling. The culture, in some cases, may continue for 10 weeks before cell death ensues. With this ability to promote long-term cell proliferation, the model recapitulates one of the most salient features observed histologically in the "proliferation centers" of the CLL lymph nodes.
 With the proliferation model, we first tested the effects of ibrutinib on cell division/proliferation as well as cell viability in samples taken from 30 CLL patients consisting of 22 ibr-naïve (thus sensitive) and 8 ibr-relapsed (thus resistant) patients. We demonstrate that there was lack of a significant inhibition of ibr on cell viability. In comparison, Ibr markedly inhibited cell proliferation in cells from ibr-naïve/sensitive patients (p<0.0001), while such inhibition was much less prominent in cells from ibr-relapsed/resistant patients (p=0.053). Overall, our data demonstrate that only the dividing subpopulation of CLL responds to ibr, and this response is highly correlated with patients' clinical response to the drug while cell viability responses are not.
 With the CLL proliferation model, we also evaluated how veneto works. Veneto, as expected, markedly decreased cell viability at clinically achievable concentrations. CFSE profiles of the remaining live cells, however, revealed an interesting pattern of distribution, showing that veneto induces cell death but it preferentially kills the resting CLL population (Fig. 2). In other words, the resting subpopulation of CLL, instead of the dividing one, preferentially responds to veneto as compared to ibr.
 Combination of the two drugs, as expected, worked most effectively, significantly reducing the total number of live cells, both resting and dividing subpopulations, in all cases. Analyses of CFSE profiles became less meaningful in many of these cases due to the small number of live cells remaining after the combination treatment.
 In conclusion, our study, comparing the actions of ibr and veneto in a clinically relevant CLL proliferation model, demonstrates for the first time that the drugs target distinct subpopulations of CLL cells with different proliferative capacity. The data also suggest that single drug therapy may leave a subpopulation behind that would potentially rise to cause a future relapse. Our study provides a strong laboratory rationale explaining why combining these two drugs has the potential to eradicate CLL disease. The findings are also in line with the clinical observations regarding the compartmental response; ibrutinib works primarily on the lymph nodes where CLL cells divide in the "proliferation centers" and veneto acts preferentially on the circulating CLL cells that are mostly non-dividing and resting.

 Wang: Incyte Reaserch Institute: Employment. Ma:Abbvie: Research Funding; Xeme: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Bioverativ: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Beigene: Research Funding; Kite: Consultancy; Gilead: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Acerta: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Consultancy; Incyte: Research Funding; Juno: Research Funding. Larson:Celgene: Consultancy; Agios: Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Contracts for clinical trials.


PART I: THEORIES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE: TOWARD A NEW VISION OF THEORETICAL INTEGRATION OF VALUE-BASED BUSINESS LEADERSHIP Addressing a Lack of Theoretical Integration in Corporate Social Performance Toward an Integrative Theory of Value-Based Leadership Value Attunement: Exploring the Potential for Responsible Executive Decision Making PART II: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH INTEGRATION: BUSINESS SOCIAL PERFORMANCE, RISK, AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Corporate Social and Financial Performance: An Integrative Review Corporate Social Performance and Business Risk Organizational Size, Corporate Social Performance, and Business Performance Doing Well by Doing Good: Objective Findings, Subjective Assumptions, or Selective Amplification? PART III: IMPLICATIONS FOR MEASUREMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION: TOWARD AN INTEGRATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE Corporate Social Performance, Stakeholder Satisfaction, and Generalizability Theory Normative Myopia, Executives' Personality, and Preference for Pay Dispersion: Implications for Corporate Social Performance Prospects for Integrative Citizenship in Research and Practice


The purpose of this research article is to review literature related to the organizational cultural drivers that affect digital transformation in the banking sector. This article focused on combining the research done in both the digital transformation and the organizational culture fields. The methodology used a conceptual approach to structure and analyzed the information obtained from different sources. The findings show the importance of considering organizational culture while implementing digital transformation initiatives. Future research should focus on building literature in the field, both from a quantitative and qualitative aspect and in different cultures and industries to gain a deeper understanding of the topic. The main contribution is to provide additional literature combining both organizational culture with digital transformation, while focusing on the banking sector as only a few studies currently address these two topics.


This article presents a proposal, simulation and experimental results of a noninvasive rotor fault diagnosis method for the inverter fed induction motor drive. Comparing to reported methods the proposed one does not require any load, rotor brake, slip, mechanical or electrical system physical modification e.g. machine disassembly and can be applied regardless the rotor speed measurement or estimation method.


What actions, if any, should the state take to improve the motivational viability of its redistributive policies? This paper departs from recent work on motivational strategies by arguing that individual freedom is not the decisive criterion of differentiation between permissible and impermissible policies. It rejects the idea that the state should use coercive motivational instruments only as last resort. Instead, its main claim is, we should evaluate motivational strategies by asking to what extent regulatory instruments can ensure they are publicly checked and controlled. ∗I wish to thank Randy Calvert, David Casassas, Victoria Costa, Jurgen De Wispelaere, Anca Gheaus, Clarissa Hayward, Frank Lovett, Ian MacMullen, Julia Maskivker, Robert Mayer, Blain Neufeld, Joshua Potter, Bob Pollack and Ron Watson for comments to previous drafts.


The number of financial technology startups in Mexico has rapidly increased, promising to expand financial services to a large portion of the unbanked population. Officials are hopeful new regulations will aid the industry?s development.


Nonprofit organizations worldwide are increasingly seeking commercial means of financing. Would commercialization compromise the civic functions of nonprofit organizations, especially their policy advocacy efforts for social change? In this article, we address this profound concern by examining policy advocacy by commercialized nonprofits in Singapore. Applying a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis approach in theory building, this study identifies multiple causal configurations of organizational and environmental conditions under which nonprofit organizations can still maintain a high level of advocacy activities in the wave of commercialization. The configurational theory that this study develops sheds new light on our understanding of the causal complexity underlying nonprofit advocacy and informs decision-making on how to uphold nonprofit civic functions in the commercializing context. Points for practitioners This study shows that the level of nonprofit participation in policy advocacy is caused by the conjunctural effect of multiple conditions. Therefore, to maintain a high level of civic-oriented functions in the worldwide wave of commercialization, nonprofit organizations should combine and align multiple environmental factors and organizational attributes into configurations to create the needed synergistic effects for active engagement in advocacy. In particular, incorporating high levels of collaboration between nonprofits, representation, board leadership, and service commitment into these causal configurations is the key mechanism that would enable commercialized nonprofits to still hold aloft the banner of social change through advocacy efforts.


When k1 is smaller than the resolution limit, e.g., for a half-pitch (HP) ≤32nm, the most advanced immersion scanner does not have sufficient imaging capability. Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) technology at wavelength of 13.5nm is considered a practical light source for next-generation lithographic technology [1,2]. However, before EUV lithography is suited to mass production, an appropriate exposure technology is needed to fill the gap between immersion ArF and EUV scanners. Double patterning technology (DPT) is a technology that extends the usability of immersion ArF systems. Notably, DPT relaxes the minimum pitch of a circuit layout for each split exposure; thus, ArF water-based immersion systems can be extended to 32 nm node and beyond. Improvements to exposure system hardware are needed to enhance imaging, overlay, and productivity performance. Additionally, patterning-related processes [3-5] must be improved to ensure patterning fidelity when two splits are combined. The remaining challenge is to develop an intelligent approach for splitting the original layout to two different exposure mask layouts. Generally, DPT can be categorized as two types according to its applications. One type is the so-called 'litho DPT,' which adopts dual litho-etching steps. The final pattern is a combination of two individual litho-etched patterns. In this case, a normal pattern-splitting method is required to keep the minimum HP of separate patterns as large as possible. The best method for pattern splitting is to use a rule-based approach, which separates features according to their geometrical information such as edge-to-edge and/or vertex-to-vertex distance. When using a rule-based scheme, a full-chip pattern decomposition is practical because it can has fast processing speed. The other type is 'spacer DPT,' which adopts a single split pattern as a sacrificial layer to form spacers deposited onto pattern edges. The idea implies that one can arbitrarily select one of the split layouts. However, a normal pattern-splitting technique is still required. With the assistance of polygon Boolean operations, the trim layout (to remove residual polygons) and makeup layout (to repair irregular missing polygons) can be generated using scripting electronic design automation (EDA) software. In this study, some examples of pattern splitting are demonstrated using the Tachyon pattern-splitting tool. Furthermore, Tachyon scripts are utilized to create layouts with consideration of OPC for spacer DPT. The patterns created after each process step can be emulated with the scripts to help the process verification. All techniques developed in this study for DPT pattern splitting are applicable for 32nm node and beyond.


The conformation and dynamics of the type 1 H trisaccharide α-L-Fucp-(1→2)-β-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-GlcpNAc has been studied as a glycolipid (GL) in a micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate-d 2 5 (SDS)/D 2 O solution. Carbon-13 spin-lattice (T 1 ) and spin-spin (T 2 ) relaxation time measurements of the GL in the SDS micelles were carried out at two magnetic field strengths, namely, 11.7 and 14.1 T employing 2D NMR techniques. 1 H, 1 H NOESY spectra at the higher field were used to obtain proton-proton cross-relaxation rates. A molecular dynamics simulation of the trisaccharide with explicit water was performed for 3 ns to generate a 3D molecular model. From the 1 3 C NMR relaxation data, a reorientational correlation time was derived for the GL with τ M = 1.7 ns as well as a generalized order parameter, S 2 = 0.86, using the "model-free" formalism of Lipari and Szabo. Proton-proton distances were calculated from the experimental NMR data. A comparison based on these distances between the GL at the micellar surface and the trisaccharide simulated in water revealed a similar trans-glycosidic distance at the (1→2)-linkage whereas for the corresponding proton pair at the (1→3)-linkage a larger difference was present. On the basis of the Stokes-Einstein relationship for the SDS micelle and the assumption that the GL has a lateral diffusion coefficient similar to that of the SDS molecules on the micellar surface, a reorientational correlation time was estimated close to that found by experiment. The latter finding stresses that lateral diffusion contributes an important part in the reorientational motion of the GL.


Soft computing takes advantage of the computational capabilities provided by graphics processing units (GPUs), as it is reflected in the numerous works published every year. However, comparisons among these works are challenging because of their peculiarities. When evaluating evolutionary algorithms on GPUs, the data layout is a commonality for all the cases. In the current work the most promising data layout for a parallel evaluation of evolutionary algorithms on GPU is evaluated. The general scope of this work makes it broadly applicable, being useful for accelerating the fitness calculation of large instances of any population‐based evolutionary algorithm. For optimal performance to be achieved in this evaluation, it should be done through a hardware‐software co‐design approach. The co‐design process might imply a risk of overfitting. Because of this, a trade‐off in the co‐design approach is necessary for long‐term sustainability of the performance of such code. As a consequence of this study, a statement about the most promising data layout for evaluating large instances of population‐based evolutionary algorithms on GPU is presented. From the different approaches studied, the strategy with allocation of 1 individual per thread on registers with coalesced access to global memory on both Fermi and Kepler architectures outperforms all the other strategies.


This paper provides the rationale, educational objectives, and content design for a foundation course in ERP and Business Processes. It also describes educational outcomes as measured by changes in students' selfreported levels of knowledge before and after the course. Using SAP technology, we introduced the course as a business elective into our curriculum in the spring semester of 2001. We believe this elective offers an ideal educational foundation for students and faculty pursuing Business, MIS, and ERP education.


OBJECTIVES To study the effect on graft tumor growth and absorption after local injection of compound aluminum sulfate injection. The safety of the compound injection was also evaluated.METHODS The inhibition on the tumor growth was evaluated by weighing the tumor 4 days after administration. The compound injection was injected into the graft tumors in mice. An ICP-MS assay was used to determine the aluminum concentrations in blood. The blood samples were collected at 0,5,15,25,35,45min,1,2,4,8,24 h after sc of 0.468 mmol·kg -1 aluminum sulfate in New Zealand rabbits.RESULTS Compound aluminum sulfate injection remarkably inhibited the growth of graft tumors, with aluminum sulfate being the active ingredient and the other ingredients inactive. The inhibition was in positive proportion to the concentration of aluminum sulfate, from 23.0% to 32.7%,45.4% and 53.3% as the concentration of aluminum sulfate increased from 0.117 to 0.175, 0.234 and 0.292 mol·L -1 ,respectively.There was no obvious peak of aluminum concentration after sc of 0.468 mmol·kg -1 aluminum sulfate. The maximum concentration was less than 300 ng·mL -1 ( n =5).CONCLUSION Compound aluminum sulfate injection was an effective and safe preparation that significantly inhibited the growth of tumor after intra-tumor injection and absorbed little after sc.


A Phishing website is used to steal users' private information. The accelerated development of phishing kits has made it convenient to create such websites, which has become a persistent security threat. In this article, we propose a novel method to detect phishing webpages based on the relevance of the webpage content and domain. For phishing webpages whose domain is relevant to the content, we use the target identification method to identify the target brand. We use two components, the website logo and domain, to identify phishing sites, which increases the accuracy of identification. For irrelevant websites, we use a feature-based approach to distinguish phishing webpages. The experiment shows that the accuracy of target identification is 97.21%, while the false positive rate is 1.47%. The accuracy of the feature-based method is 98.32%. The proposed scheme can meet the needs of practical applications and provide an interpretation of the classification results.


Education is a planned effort in the development of self in order to realize the potential of a civilized society, morality, personality, intelligent and have a prosperous life skills (spiritual-knowledged based society). Which is currently able to improve the quality of education in Indonesia is through fund School Operational Assistance (BOS) allocated to schools at primary and secondary School Operational Assistance Program is a central government assistance to all students SD / MI and SMP / MTs underprivileged throughout Indonesia both public and private on reduction of fuel subsidy because it was feared that the increase in fuel prices and the global financial crisis caused a decline in purchasing power and will negatively impact the poor to get an education. The purpose of the research to find out and get a clear picture about the implementation of the BOS program on SDN Tlogosari Wetan 01 Sub Pedurungan, and used materials and used as an ingredient on the study of the implementation of the BOS program on SDN Tlogosari Wetan 01 Sub Pedurungan, Semarang. In this research used theory implementation of G Edward III which states "the successful implementation of depengaruhi by four variables: attitude, HR, Communications, Bureaucratic Structure" The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research, where the research is more emphasis on the analysis and at the same time portraying the reality of the existing conditions, so the results of these studies are generating a lot of descriptive data in the form of words or in writing of the perpetrators were observed. Based on research conducted by the authors of the policy implementation of BOS in SDN Tlogosari Wetan 01 Semarang is fully effective, kaBerdasarkan research conducted by the authors of the policy implementation of BOS in SDN Tlogosari Wetan 01 Semarang is fully effective, because the indicators that lead to the achievement of BOS policy objectives set by the government much has been achieved, only the need for dissemination to relevant parties in relation to the BOS, and enhance the performance of human resources-related


The number of extant freshwater fungi is rapidly increasing, and the published information of taxonomic data are scattered among different online journal archives. The only online repository, http://fungi.life.illinois.edu/, deals with freshwater ascomycetes and their asexual morphs. Other freshwater fungal groups are not included. The newly developed webpage (www.freshwaterfungi.org/) serves as a gateway to freshwater fungal systematics that provides comprehensive and updated information including detailed descriptions, photographic plates and illustrations, notes, phylogenetic trees, estimated and extant list of species, and other related information. The website is developed with user-friendly interfaces, and the usage is discussed in


BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a 25 kD plasma protein present mainly in HDL. It has a hydrophobic pocket for carrying ligands variously reported as retinol, all- trans -retinoic acid, 9- cis -retinoic acid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and oxidized phospholipids. In addition to mediating the effects of S1P and modulating oxidative stress, apoM has been reported to enhance cholesterol efflux and to increase plasma levels of small, preβ1 HDL, a particle that efficiently accepts cholesterol effluxed from cholesterol-loaded cells and plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport. ApoM is present in α-migrating HDL particles but whether it is also present in small preβ1 HDL particles is disputed. Establishing the absence or presence of apoM in preβ1 HDL particles is essential for understanding its role in reverse cholesterol transport. METHODS: We performed native-native 2D gel electrophoresis on healthy volunteer plasma to separate native HDL particles by size and charge. Particles were blotted onto a membrane and probed with antibodies to apoM or apoA-I to identify specific HDL particles associated with apoM. Similar experiments were performed with plasma from patients with apoE-deficiency or from patients with low plasma levels of apoA-I and HDL. We also performed native 1D electrophoresis to visualize lipoprotein particles containing apoM. Finally, native-native 2D gels of purified HDL were used for proteomics of preβ1 particles. RESULTS: apoM was present in two large α-migrating HDL particles and in LDL-sized particles, as well as in one small particle that did not contain apoA-I. apoA-I but not apoE was required for formation of the large apoM-containing HDL particles. The small apoM particle was unaffected in apoA-I- and apoE-deficient patients. apoM was not present in preβ1 particles. CONCLUSION: apoM is not a stable component of small preβ1 apoA-I-containing HDL particles but instead resides mainly in two large HDL molecules and in LDL-sized particles, as well as a small particle that does not contain apoA-I. The role of apoM in cholesterol efflux requires further evaluation.


This section of the book Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles presents a list of scientific names occurring in the book. The scientific names are listed in alphabetic order, by species, genera, subspecies, aberrations and forms in standard font. The book provides colour illustrations of the group of larger moths known collectively as the macrolepidoptera, and so enable all those interested in this subject to identify by wing pattern almost all the species likely to be found in the British Isles. It figures in colour all the species which, during the last hundred years, were either resident in this country or were suspected immigrants reported more than once.Keywords: British Isles; macrolepidoptera; moth


We report an automated/score driven workflow of discovery and structural interrogation of protein-protein complexes in vivo by means of chemical cross-linking. This streamlined workflow is illustrated by the discovery of the direct interactions in vivo between E. coli RNAP polymerase and the transcription elongation factor NusA, using chemical cross-linking as the proximity sensor, and the generation of a near-native structure of NusA-NTD/RNA polymerase complex by distance restraints-guided protein-protein docking.


IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is core networks of enhance telecommunication technology which running over the open platform and Internet Protocols (IP). Hence the security risks from open platform and IP Networks contribute to the Risk of IMS technology usage. Appropriate safeguards need to developed in order IMS technology can be used safely and provide it services. The purpose of this study is to get a security risks profile in the implementation and operation of IMS on fixed telephone networks and develop the comprehensive security mitigation strategy. To obtain a complete risk profile, it required trusted and reliable risk assessment framework. The author chooses the framework of National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-30, which provides complete guidance in obtaining risk assessments. The result of the risk assessment becomes an input to develop mitigation strategies. Appropriate mitigation strategies derived from the risk profile and suitability of actions that need to be done. Security Mitigation plan are taken to reduce the risks that may occur. Mitigation can be achieved through comprehensive implementation of security controls in technical, managerial, and operational. With the implementation of comprehensive control of security risk reduction will be achieved.


Abstract Large, dry-contacting assemblies of graphite blocks are a feature of many nuclear reactors, and the seismic response of these structures is dependent on both the bulk and surface properties of the blocks. The nature of the interblockinterface will influence the load-deflection relationship of the blocks, which is important in understanding the response of the structure to seismic loading. The stiffness of this interface is dependent on surface roughness effects. In this paper, ultrasonic reflection coefficient measurements are used to investigate the stiffness distribution of this interface under various loading conditions. A low-frequency quasi-static spring model of the interface was adopted. This allowed the interfacial stiffness to be determined as a function of applied load, frequency, surface roughness and graphite composition. Cyclical loading of the graphite-graphite interface has also been carried out. This has shown that there is only a slight plastic deformation under normal loading, and also is indicative of a degree of intersurface adhesion at the interface. Direct measurement of the load-deflection relationship of an entire brick was also carried out which, in conjunction with the ultrasonic measurements, suggests that it is the effect of macroscopic surface features rather than microscopic roughness that is the dominant interfacial contribution to brick-tilting stiffness.


According to deicing need for transmission lines in Guiyang,a charged mechanical vibration defroster is designed.The whole set of equipment weighs about 20 kg,which can be easily carried by special backpacks.Utilizing the equipment,a deicing task could be accomplished by 3-5 skilled workers within 15 min.The method introduced by the author is highly feasible,efficient and secure,the transmission line deicing job could be completed on ground.


The invention discloses an uninterrupted power supply control signal interlocking protection circuit, which comprises a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal detection circuit, an interlocking signal judging circuit, a PWM driving signal blocking circuit and a failure signal disappearing self-repairing circuit. Interlocking of upper and lower bridge arm control signals of an insulated gate bipolar translator (IGBT) is monitored. When a control signal error is caused by a certain factor and a common conducting logic exists between upper and lower bridge arms, a driving signal is blocked immediately so as to prevent upper and lower direct connection of the IGBT. If short circuit protection is not performed in time, the IGBT is damaged. Therefore, advanced protection monitoring of direct connection of the bridge arms of the IGBT is realized, the possibility of common conduction of the upper and lower bridge arms of the IGBT when control signals of the IGBT are high is eliminated, automaticresetting function after wave monitoring and failure elimination is realized, damage of the IGBT caused by faulty action of the control signal is avoided, logic working state during normal signal recovery is not influenced and manual shutdown or resetting is not needed.


Criminal justice over the trial period issue has been one of the judicial illnesses criticized by circles.Supreme People's Court cleared trials over the period and extended detention activities,not reaching the basics of the over-the-trial-period generated,which is difficult to fundamentally eliminate.The fundamental reason of criminal justice over the trial period is that great changes have taken place in the basic situation of design of jurisdiction limits,leading to the jurisdiction limits of existing criminal justice system cannot meet the needs of the practice.Therefore,the author puts forward specific recommendations based on changes in system design under the jurisdiction limits and adjustment and improvement of the existing jurisdiction limits system according to the comprehensive survey.


In May 2003, without admitting wrongdoing, music distributors and retailers settled with private plaintiffs and the Attorneys General of 43 States a civil suit regarding a conspiracy to inflate or support prices of prerecorded music products through an industry-wide strengthening of the music distributors Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) policies. The settlement leaves as an open question the proper economic and legal standard (rule of reason versus per se) to be adopted in such cases. MAP had both horizontal and vertical implications and may have facilitated a horizontal conspiracy between the music distributors. The MAP policies were alleged to be equivalent in effect to Retail Price Maintenance (RPM). The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) claimed that prices increased by approximately $2 per CD and that consumers paid an extra $480 million. The effectiveness of the MAP program in raising prices was due to the all-encompassing nature of the advertising restrictions, the industry-wide implementation of MAP programs, the payment and significance of the advertising subsidy, and the severe penalties imposed for a MAP violation. This paper illuminates the antitrust implications of MAP policies through consideration of related practices in the United States market for music CDs. When viewed from this vantage point, MAP appears to be as pernicious as RPM.


The present invention that wishes to provide a health food and a manufacturing method using the Chaga the composition and producing a health food to a main material to Chaga, the present invention is by difference aged mushrooms at room temperature or low temperature fermentation difference between the number of fermentation the composition and manufacturing, and the difference by introducing a beneficial various functional materials for health to be fermented, and the composition and producing a health-promoting liquid, and using the difference between health-promoting liquid fermented number using the same to drip the roasted coffee beans powder to produce a cold brew According to a function characterized by a, and to make this difference, and exert a variety of effects and improved health promoting effects by providing the effects produced by aging fermentation at the same time deobuleoseo contained in mushrooms, deobuleoseo because by fermentation susceptible alteration storability this excellent and the car leaves town to be fermented, Gras viola, injinssuk, gasiohgapi, Yin Yang Kwak, green beans, by the addition of & Functional substances such moningga it may add effects according to the composition and manufacture of a health-promoting liquid having each functional material may be maximized than a health-promoting effect, to provide a good coffee in a healthy it can be expected that such a large number of effects.


The zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas in the BCS to Bose-Einstein Condensation crossover are investigated. On the basis of a generalization of the Hylleraas-Undheim method, we construct rigorous upper bounds to the collective frequencies for the radial and the axial breathing mode of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement in the framework of the hydrodynamic theory. The bounds are compared to experimental data for trapped vapors of {sup 6}Li atoms.


The aim of this paper is to present an automatic met hod for creating 2D Finite Element models from medical images based on a hierarchical structure of geo metry-independent Cartesian grids (CG-FEM). This strategy provides good quality meshes with a reasonabl e number of degrees of freedom and reduces the need for previous image segmentation. In addition, with thi s method, it is possible to include the heterogeneous nature of human tissues in the analysis.


Abstract Once every five years, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) requires, via DOE Order (O) 252.1A, Technical Standards Program, that each of its Standards and Handbooks undergo a maintenance review (also known as "sunset reviews"). There are three possible outcomes of a maintenance review: (1) reaffirmation as current, accurate, and of continuing value to the Department; (2) revision to be current, accurate, and of continuing value; or (3) cancellation. DOE-HDBK-1129-2008, Tritium Handling and Safe Storage, is following option (2) above; the required justification of continuing value was demonstrated by a lack of comparable technical breadth and depth available in other publications. This paper gives an overview of the updates that the Tritium Handling and Safe Storage Guide will undergo. It is expected that the update will be completed in early 2014.


Three bounding accidents postdated for the K West Basin integrated water treatment system are evaluated against applicable risk evaluation guidelines. The accidents are a spray leak during fuel retrieval, spray leak during backflushing, and a hydrogen explosion. Event trees and accident probabilities are estimated. In all cases, the unmitigated dose consequences are below the risk evaluation guidelines.


Factor momentum produces robust average returns that exhibit a similar economic magnitude as documented for stock price momentum. To the extent that the PEAD factor captures mispricing, winner factors profit from being long on underpriced stocks and short on overpriced stocks. Oppositely, loser factors' negative exposure to the PEAD factor suggests that loser factors capture mispricing by being long on overpriced stocks and short on underpriced stocks. Option-implied volatility scaling increases both the economic magnitude and statistical significance of factor momentum. Factor momentum is not exposed to the same crashes as stock price momentum and could therefore serve as a hedge for stock price momentum crash risks.


Background and Aims: Patient satisfaction is acknowledged as the corner stone of quality management and it is the paramount of any quality management program in health care system. This study is aimed to conduct an up-to-date systematic review on different validated tools that provide quantification of patient satisfaction in out-patient physical therapy services.

Type: Systematic review

Literature survey: An extensive literature search was performed using 3 electronic database systems (Google scholar, PubMed, and PEDro) for articles published between 2000 and 2020. Boolean operator AND was used in compilation with the exhaustive list of search terminologies. A total of 19 studies that investigated any patient satisfaction tool in outpatient physiotherapy settings were included.

Methodology: The process of data extraction was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (2009).

Results: Consensus based standards for the selection of health status measurement instruments (COSMIN) scoring quantified psychometric property of each study as excellent, good, and fair. 8 studies reflected fair scoring of Cronbach alpha, 3 studies showed excellent whereas, 2 appeared to be poor.

Conclusion: The COSMIN scoring quantified multiple patient satisfaction tools. However, no gold standard was found. Nevertheless, physiotherapists working in out-patient care can increase the efficiency of patient-centered treatment by identifying and maximizing these patient satisfaction tool determinants.


The aim of this thesis was to research and explain the application of advanced teaching models by teachers of Technical Culture in primary schools, and their representation in teaching content. An online survey was compiled, which was filled in anonymously and which was filled in by the teachers of the Technical Culture. The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions from four categories: general teacher data, formal education, workplace conditions, and advanced teaching models. 38 respondents participated in the study. The results found that most teachers are familiar with advanced teaching models, but in terms of their use it turned out that teachers do not use them often because it requires more time to prepare and organize. Teachers believe that all advanced models can be applied in the teaching contents of Technical Culture, but in the teaching contents in textbooks, neither advanced models nor critical thinking are encouraged, but factual knowledge.


This research aims to build a cipher system using back propagation Algorithm with artificial neural network to encrypt any Arabic text and to prevent any data attack during the transition process. Encryption information holds four stages: 1


The hydration behavior of synthetic magadiite exchanged with H+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ was investigated by combining thermal analyses, water adsorption gravimetry, X-ray diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques, including 29Si NMR, infrared, and Raman under various pressures. Thermal analyses reveal distinct water populations, the number of which depends on the valency of the cation. Except for H-magadiite, which does not swell, water adsorption isotherms exhibit two steps, corresponding to two increases of the interlayer distance. These phenomena are shifted toward higher relative pressures in the case of divalent exchanged samples. For Na- and K-magadiite, the adsorption of the first water molecules generates a water molecule in a C1 symmetry, interacting simultaneously with both the cation and the surface. For higher relative pressure, two new populations of water molecules appear: (i) water molecules linked to the cation and (ii) doubly hydrogen-bonded molecules. In the case of Mg2+, the first hydr...


In most cases, the bridge columns are underwater, and there is a risk of corrosion. The columns of marine structures and docks also include such problems. In addition to the problem of environmental hazards, the bridge columns may fail due to design problems or increasing needs. The use of waterproof concrete materials as a jacket can have a role in increasing the life of bridges. Studies in recent years show that some waste from paper industries can be used in the construction industry. In the present study, several concrete stub columns were built as bridge columns and retrofitted with concrete jackets containing waste paper sludge ash, silica nanoparticles, aluminium oxide nanoparticles, and acrylic resin. The variables included the geometric shape of the column (square and circular) and the type of nanoparticles used in the jackets (silica and aluminium oxide nanoparticles), and the curing environment of the columns (normal and sulfate environments). The combined use of nanomaterials and waste paper ash is the most important novelty of the present study. The axial loading test was performed on the columns, and the load-deflection diagrams were obtained. The ductility, stiffness, load-bearing capacity, and crack distribution were among the parameters that were used to compare different modes. The proposed jackets increased the carrying capacity by 10 to 38%, depending on the processing curing environment and the type of nanoparticles. The combined use of aluminium oxide nanoparticles and waste paper ash can improve compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths and increase the axial load capacity of bridge columns. The proposed concrete jacket effectively reduces the corrosion of concrete and steel reinforcement and improves the bridge's useful life.


Objective To investigate the anticarious effect of artificial saliva with honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhizia. Method The efficient substance extracted from honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhizia was put into artificial saliva, and the antibacterial effect of the artificial saliva on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 10449 and Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ65 were investigated. Then 30 SD rats were fed with cariogenic forage 2000# and infected with Streptococcus mutans. The rats were divided into 4 groups, with each group fed with artificial saliva with honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhizia, arilin chlorhexidine solutions, artificial saliva or distilled water respectively. The effect of artificial saliva with honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhizia on dental caries development in SD rats was evaluated with Keyes scoring method. Result The MIC of the Streptococcus mutans ATCC 10449 and Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ65 were 25 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml, respectively. The MBC of the Streptococcus mutans ATCC 10449 and Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ65 were 200 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, respectively. According to the Keyes scoring, at E,Ds,Dm and Dx levels, the group of artificial saliva with honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhizia was lower than groups of artificial saliva and distilled water, but higher than the group of arilin chlorhexidine solutions. Conclusion Artificial saliva with honeysuckle flower and glycyrrhiziainhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, and thus exhibit anti- carious effect in SD rats.


Eleonora's Falcon is a long-distance migrant of the Palearctic region. In recent years, the advent of satellite telemetry has enabled a more detailed investigation of the species's migratory and wintering periods. In this study, we model the distribution pattern of four Eleonora's Falcons originating from Greece within their wintering grounds in Madagascar with the use of satellite telemetry data and a niche-based technique, Maxent. The model predicted few highly suitable areas for the occurrence of the species, restricted to elevated areas receiving large amounts of precipitation during the wintering period, containing patches of primary and degraded humid submontane forests as well as cultivation. Most of these areas occurred within the previously estimated home ranges of the four falcons, as well as of three falcons from another independent study. Taking into account the ongoing alterations in landscape structure that occur within the eastern rainforest region of Madagascar, we believe that it is imperative to better understand the ecological requirements of Eleonora's Falcon. To this end, we recommend the application of Maxent in the study of habitat selection of the species that could be further refined with the inclusion of biotic interactions and seasonal resource availability.


Although osteoclast giant‐cell‐like proliferations have been reported in a diverse range of human malignancies, to the best of our knowledge, they have never been described in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Histologically, osteoclastic giant cell tumors within extraosseous malignancy resemble their bony and soft tissue counterparts, with round to spindle‐shaped cells admixed with osteoclast‐like multinucleate cells. These cells should be distinguished from sarcomatoid differentiation within a carcinoma; they have a benign morphology with a low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, minimal pleomorphism/mitoses and negative immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin. The authors report the rare occurrence of osteoclast‐like giant cells (OGCs) and accompanying epithelioid histiocytes lacking overtly malignant features in association with a poorly differentiated SCC occurring on sun‐damaged skin. Immunohistochemically, the area rich in OGCs was strongly positive for CD68 and completely negative for cytokeratin, whereas the poorly differentiated infiltrative area had the reverse immunophenotype and nuclear positivity for p63. The histological differential diagnosis and the origin of the proliferation are discussed in this article.


The research in this report examines the effect of manure digestion on the carbon footprint of a dairy farm by means of a desk study and a C flow model with different scenarios. Based on the results, a number of perspectives of action for the farmer are outlined to reduce methane emissions.This study was financed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food quality and FrieslandCampina.


Software systems have gained great significance for most organizations on an operational as well as a strategic level. Failures before delivery or more often changes in existing software systems are stochastic processes and it is important for programmers (or users) to predict reliability of software product they are developing (or using) in order to accept that as business risk. In this paper we have used the Modified Musa Basic Execution Time Model to show how to evaluate a healthcare solution called electronic Nursing Care Management System (eNCMS). We used black box testing to ascertain that the software achieved it basic functions. Five (5) patient records collected from Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) were used during this evaluation and the outcome shows that the system achieved 75% reliability.


Microblogging as introduced by Twitter is becoming a source of tracking real-time news. Although identifying the highest quality or most useful posts or tweets from Twitter for breaking news is still an open problem, major web search engines seem convinced of the value of such posts and have already started allocating part of their search results pages to them. In this paper, we study a different aspect of the problem for a search engine: instead of the value of the posts, we study the value of the (shortened) URLs referenced in these posts. Our results indicate that unlike frequently bookmarked URLs, which are generally of high quality, frequently tweeted URLs tend to fall in two opposite categories: they are either high in quality, or they are spam. Identifying the quality category of a URL is not trivial, but the combination of characteristics can reveal some trends.


The use of microelectrodes for the extracelular recording of the bioelectrical signals generated in the interior of the excitable tissue (neurons), is one of the most important techniques for the study of the peripheral and central nervous system at cellular level. It has been demonstrated that the use of the techniques of manufacture of integrated circuits permits to obtain planar microelectrodes (PME's) with a high degree of control in the recording area dimensions, geometry and interelectrodes spacings, as well as a sharpened insertion profile and uniform and roughen free walls. In this report, are presented the various stages of basic electrical characterization of the manufactured devices, including the methodology, used equipment, experimental assembly and proposal of the microelectrodes packaging.


The Chinese Remainder Theorem is one of the greatest achievements in the Chinese traditional mathematics,which is on the theory of congruence of first degree. It's from the problem of the "Wu Buzhishu" in the Chinese classical mathematical work Sunzisuanjing. And then QIN Jiu-shao gave the general method to solve the problem named "Dayan Zongshushu" by QIN Jiu-shao. Because the method was not found until Gauss accomplished did it in 1801, it was called Chinese Remainder Theorem.


This chapter explores opportunities to manage standards and standardization with a particular focus on the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. It looks at the historical "management" of standards primarily in the United States, highlighting government and industrial approaches and the forces that have shaped the management process. It then turns to the current pressures and forces facing the management of ICT standards and standardization and makes some suggestions for activities that might enhance the management of standards.


Two fragments of a fifured velvet in the collections of the Musee historique des tissus and the Musee d'art et d'histoire of Geneva have the same pattern and the same technical construction. Ever since the publication of Dupont-Auberville's work L'ornement des tissus. Recueil historique et pratique., Paris 1875, their pattern has been considered to be Italian and to date from the 14th-century. The purpose of this article is to trace back the origins and the success of this first identification. Another dating is suggested (ca 1430) which is based on new research in the field, and on stylistic and technical comparison with other textiles. Scientific analysis of metal threads provides much information on the materials used and the manufacturing methods, and on the evolution of technologies throughout the centuries. This paper presents results regarding the composition and a proposal for the techniques employed to produce the peculiar wave-like movement of the metal threads of now dated Italian Renaissance velvet.


We present a second-order expansion of the classical approximation of the distribution of excesses over a high threshold by a generalized Pareto distribution. Perturbing the generalized Pareto distribution as to absorb the second-order term of this expansion improves the rate of convergence of the approximation. In case the original approximation is poor, tail-related quantities are more accurately estimated in the refined model, especially when the tail is heavy, as shown by simulations. A case study from reinsurance illustrates the new method.


The stability of the section of the ash dam situated in a seismic zone for Matou Power Plant is analyzed with the total seismic stress approach of shear strength herein,and then the engineering measures to enhance the seismic stability of the dam are studied as well;which can provide a reference basis for the seismic design of the dam.


This paper builds on the Helicopter Multi-Block version 2 computational-fluid-dynamics solver of the University of Liverpool and demonstrates the implementation and use of Gurney flaps on wings and rotors. The idea is to flag any cell face within the computational mesh with a solid, no-slip boundary condition. Hence, the infinitely thin Gurney can be approximated by "blocking cells" in the mesh. Comparison between thick Gurney flaps and infinitely thin Gurneys showed no difference on the integrated loads; the same flow structure was captured and the same vortices were identified ahead and behind the Gurney. The results presented for various test cases suggest that the method is simple and efficient, and it can therefore be used for routine analysis of rotors with Gurney flaps. Moreover, the current method adds to the flexibility of the solver because no special grids are required, and Gurney flaps can be easily implemented. Simple two-dimensional aerofoil, three-dimensional wing, and rotors in hover and f...


Ideological and political education in Universities for Nationalities problems,the introduction of cultural ecological philosophy to infiltrate the ideological and political education system,the socialist core value system into the ideological and political education content system,its internal parts cooperate each other,effective allocation and scientific guide,made the education main body,object and the surrounding environment is an organic integration cultural ecological system,beneficial to the improvement of national colleges and universities ideological and political education of the ecological effect.


The title compound, [Ce(C(3)H(9)OP)(4)(H(2)O)(4)]Cl(3).3H(2)O, contains eight-coordinate Ce atoms in an approximate dodecahedral arrangement, with Ce-O(P) = 2.372 (2)-2.423 (2) A and Ce-O(H(2)) = 2.518 (2)-2.630 (2) A.


The status of the Model Play has gone down the sloping road with the end of the Great Cultural Revolution.The emphasis on sealing up people's thought and ignoring its huge effects have loses biased.Model Play reflected the leadership social class's consciousness and filled people's inner world during the period of the Great Cultural Revolution.The authors of the Model Play use the methods of Reorganizing and transplanting to make their plays popular.Today playwright should Profits from the Model Play,when the plays go away from people's life.


Despite the promising results of machine learning for network-based intrusion detection, current techniques are not widely deployed in real-world environments. In general, proposed detection models quickly become obsolete, thus, generating unreliable classifications over time. In this paper, we propose a new reliable model for semi-supervised intrusion detection that uses a verification technique to provide reliable classifications over time, even in the absence of model updates. Additionally, we cope with this verification technique with semi-supervised learning to autonomously update the underlying machine learning models without human assistance. Our experiments consider a full year of real network traffic and demonstrate that our solution maintains the accuracy rate over time without model updates while rejecting only 10.6% of instances on average. Moreover, when autonomous (non-human-assisted) model updates are performed, the average rejection rate drops to just 3.2% without affecting the accuracy of our solution.


In this study,we aimed to characterize peripheral Tfh cells and serum IL-21,and evaluate their association with liver function in autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).Total of 20 AIH patients and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited in this study.A fluorescence-activated cell sorter(FACS) was used to detect the percentage of Tfh cells and the levels of the PD-1,IL-21R,and CCR7 expressed on the cells;ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum IL-21.We found that the percentage of Tfh cells and the level of serum IL-21 increased but both the expressions of PD-1 and IL-21R on Tfh cells decreased in AIH patients,as compared with health volunteers;the percentage of circular Tfh cells is positively related with serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and gama-glutamyltransferase(GGT) in AIH patients,but negatively related with PD-1 expressed on Tfh cells,The level of PD-1 expressed on Tfh cells was positively correlated with serum TB.All results indicate that T follicular helper cells,the PD-1,IL-21R,and the serum IL-21 may participates in the development of autoimmune hepatitis.


Although certain aspects of the material culture of the Chalco lithic period have been known for more than fifty years, the flint assemblages of this time-span have been studied only sporadically. The large samples of flint artifacts recovered in the large-scale excavations of Teleilat Ghassul and the Beer Sheva sites have been only briefly described or totally ignored. The flint assemblages of T. Ghassul were published in Ghassul I-II by Neuville (1934) and Mahan (1940). Probably the richest sample, the assemblage from this site is described by Neuville without specifying the frequencies of the various artifact types. Whereas for the potsherds, "en raison de son importance" (Ghassul 1:55),their provenance was mentioned, the "less important" flint artifacts were treated as a unit, ignoring their distribution in time and space. For the Beer Sheva Chalcolithic sites, which must have yielded thousands of flint artifacts, only a preliminary description of a small sample from l:Iorvat Beter is available (Yeivin 1959). Since many of these implements were thrown away, these pieces are not available for further study. Of the flint assemblages of Bir Safadi and Bir Abu-Matar (Perrot 1968) nothing is yet published. The Besor sites near Tell el-Far'ah (S) yielded rich flint assemblages, but these were published a long time ago (BP II). To summarize, the flint assemblages of the Chalcolithic sites from the southern half of Israel and from T. Ghassul, i.e. the largest, richest and best preserved sites, are inadequately known; the information is either partial, outdated or missing entirely. During the past three decades, advanced methods for the analysis of flint artifacts have been applied to the local Stone Age flint assemblages. The result has been a much better understanding of the Palaeolithic cultural development and distribution. However, these methods have barely been applied to the study of Chalcolithic assemblages. The large quantities of pottery sherds found at these sites are still generally considered to be more "informative" than their flint artifacts. Recent studies of the known assemblages from the Tell el-Far'ah area by Roshwalb (1981) and new assemblages from northeastern Sinai by Gilead (Oren and Gilead 1981) have shown that the flint artifacts are significant components of the material culture and merit serious attention. The systematic collection of these artifacts, sifting of deposits for the recovery of the minute elements in the assemblage and an attribute analysis of the finds are essential for the proper understanding of the material culture. A further contribution towards a better understanding of the Chalco lithic flint assemblages is provided below in presenting a new tool type: the micro-endscraper.


Background Despite a growing interest in the epidemiology of paediatric hypertension, data on how often blood pressure in children and adolescents already exceeds adult thresholds for optimal blood pressure are scarce. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of higher-than-optimal and hypertensive blood pressure values according to adult cutoffs in an unselected representative sample of children and adolescents living in Germany. Methods Standardized oscillometric blood pressure measurements were performed in 14730 children aged 3-17 years (7203 girls and 7527 boys) participating in a nationally representative examination survey of children and adolescents living in Germany (The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS, response rate 67%). The mean of two measurements was used for this analysis. Results The prevalences of higher-than-optimal blood pressure values by adult criteria (≥120/80 mmHg) increased with age and was 52.2% in boys aged 14-17 years and 26.2% in girls aged 14-17 years (including 6.0% of boys and 1.4% of girls with hypertensive values ≥140/90 mmHg). More than half of these adolescents with nonoptimal blood pressure values had additional cardiovascular risk factors (overweight defined as body mass index ≥90th percentile for sex and age, dyslipidaemia defined as total cholesterol >5.0 mmol/l or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol less than 1.0 mmol/l or smoking). Conclusion These results suggest the need for routine blood pressure measurements in children and adolescents as required by clinical guidelines, for more attention to coexisting other cardiovascular risk factors and for a sustained focus on healthy lifestyles that can be learned best at a young age. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 16:195-200 © 2009 The European Society of Cardiology


I would now with much gratitude simply leave the Chair and ask my successor to take it and do his duty better than I have done; but it is an old custom of this Society that the retiring President should make a short valedictory address regarding his period of office. Nev) Members.?The Society keeps up its members well. During my term of office forty-eight new members have been elected. We have lost two by resignation, and it is now my duty?a sad one ?to read the names of those members who have been removed from our roll by the hand of death. Fortunately, during my term of office the list has not been a long one, but it contains the names of some men greatly beloved, who justify a word of remembrance and regret.


Fake news may or may not have become more prevalent since the advent of social media. Our awareness of fake news, however, has certainly heightened. This latter phenomenon is the central focus of this paper. Whilst awareness of fake news is plausibly a good thing – that is, if we treat the existence of fake news as a constant, it is probably better to be attuned to its presence than oblivious to it – this paper will highlight some epistemic problems that follow from its heightened visibility. I start with a distinction between two types of epistemic effect arising from fake news. The first-order effects are those that follow from the consumption of fake news itself, such as the acquisition of falsehoods. Philosophers interested in fake news have tended to focus on these first-order harms (Levy 2017; Rini 2017). The second-order effect are those that follow not from the consumption itself, but from the visibility or awareness of fake news. The central thesis of this paper is that the perception of fake news as a pervasive problem leads to a range of epistemically harmful effects, irreducible to the effects of actually consuming fake news. Drawing on the resources from the flourishing field of vice epistemology, I argue that the perception of fake news as a pervasive problem in society encourages two epistemic vices. First, by corroding the networks of trust that underpin epistemic relationships, the awareness of fake news promotes the vice of hyper-autonomy . Second, and relatedly, it leads to a form of intellectual arrogance , in which individuals no longer feel accountable to one another. A widespread increase in these two vices, I further argue, helps to explain the phenomenon of 'fake fake news': the peremptory, and baseless, dismissal of legitimate but inconvenient questions and reports as fake news.


: Huizhou folk songs are folk oral art created by the people of Huizhou, chanted in dialects, and memorized by mouth. It carries the emotional and cultural identity of Huizhou people to their hometown. However, under the impact of modern digital technology, information technology, and network technology, Huizhou folk songs, which rely on the unique cultural space to be passed down in memory and skill, are facing the realistic dilemma of "limited understanding, low sense of identity, and difficulty in promotion". Starting from the theory of cultural identity, this topic studies the interaction of various cultural elements (symbols, media, fields), integrates the identification symbol system of Huizhou folk songs from the micro level, and expands the culture of Huizhou folk songs at the meso level. The choice of media for identification; and then at the macro level, the cohesive structure of the cultural identity of Huizhou folk songs will be constructed to form a communication framework model of "symbols, diffusion, and groups". From point to surface, a multi-dimensional and multi-field combination of Huizhou folk rhyme inheritance cultural community is formed.


The aim of this study was to investigate fatty acids composition of sperm phospholipids, level of lipoperoxidation represented by malondialdehyde and to examine differences between recent smokers and nonsmokers. The levels of malondialdehyde were in the group of all patients 1.51 ± 0.56 μmol l−1, in smokers 1.36 ± 0.59 μmol l−1 and in nonsmokers 1.53 ± 0.55 μmol l−1. Total sperm membrane phospholipid fatty acids were profiled into several groups, saturated acids (in smokers 61.86 ± 9.02%, in nonsmokers 61.20 ± 11.66%), polyunsaturated acids n‐3 (in smokers 12.62 ± 8.18%, in nonsmokers 14.28 ± 13.65%), polyunsaturated acids n‐6 (in smokers 9.13 ± 4.37%, in nonsmokers 10.10 ± 3.79%) and other acids (in smokers 14.36 ± 3.94%, in nonsmokers 13.88 ± 2.31%). Significant correlations were found between the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total sperm motility in all patients (r = −0.358, P = 0.013), between both the level of MDA and progressive motility (r = −0.465, P = 0.001) and between the level of MDA and total motility (r = −0.382, P = 0.037) in nonsmokers. There were no statistically significant differences between composition of sperm phospholipid important fatty acids in smokers and nonsmokers. Significant correlations between selected sperm fatty acids and sperm motility and morphology in smokers and nonsmokers were not observed.


The article considers the influence of physical methods of disinfection on the complex of microorganisms of grain food raw materials. Various methods of disinfection are considered - chemical, biological and physical, and their influence on the reduction of grain microflora. The classification of the microflora of the grain of cereal crops, the influence of microflora on the quality indicators of vegetable raw materials have been studied. When exposed to microwave energy on the grain, the most optimal modes were identified in terms of temperature, time and heating rate.


Objective
To examine the incidence and risk factors associated with new onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in the elderly coronary heart disease patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery.

Methods
From April 2012 to April 2014, 159 elderly patients received OPCAB in our hospital. The patients were divided into AF group and non-AF group. Statistic analyses were used to screen risk factors of new onset AF after OPCAB.

Results
The incidence of AF after OPCAB is 22.01%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that patients in AF group compared with those in non-AF group were more likely advanced age [(66.9±5.0)years vs. (64.9±3.7)years, P=0.009], preoperative SpO2 level (89.67%±6.14% vs. 92.00%±5.34%, P=0.029), preoperative EF (42.66%±7.51% vs. 45.94%±8.46%, P=0.039), the numbers of vascular grafting [(3.3±1.4)b vs. (2.7±1.2)b, P=0.017], postoperative 3 days BNP level [(2 276.45±1 281.82)pg/ml vs. (1 444.47±1 163.38)pg/ml, P=0.000], postoperative 3 days blood potassium level [(3.59±0.24)mmol/L vs. (4.01±0.62)mmol/L, P=0.000], postoperative 3 days serum calcium level [(2.31±0.21)mmol/L vs. (2.23±0.07)mmol/L, P=0.000], preoperative 3 days BNP level [(850.88±711.55)pg/ml vs. (523.20±682.57)pg/ml, P=0.014], hospitalization days [(21.5±5.4)d vs. (19.4±4.8)d, P=0.026]. Multivariate Logistic regression analyzes showed that age (OR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.776-0.976), suffering from heart valve disease (OR: 0.149, 95%CI: 0.034-0.658), preoperative SpO2 level (OR: 1.092, 95%CI: 1.012-1.117), the numbers of vascular grafting (OR: 0.543, 95%CI: 0.349-0.845), postoperative 3 days BNP level (OR: 1.000, 95%CI: 0.999-1.000), postoperative 3 days blood potassium level (OR: 3.842, 95%CI: 1.227-12.029), postoperative 3 days serum calcium level (OR: 0.007, 95%CI: 0.000-0.520) were significantly related to AF.

Conclusions
Changes of perioperative electrolytes, decline in the oxygen saturation 65 years and the numbers of vascular grafting>3 are risk factors of new onset AF in the elderly coronary heart disease patients who underwent OPCAB surgery.

Key words:
Atrial fibrillation; Coronary artery disease; Coronary artery bypass, off-pump; Aged; Risk factors


FIELD: blasting. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to explosive propulsive devices, which can be used during testing of military equipment. Method of delay breakthrough of explosion products on periphery of throwing plate-striker in explosive propulsive device involves landing of plate edges-striker in slots made in adjacent elements of explosive propulsive device. Edge of striker plate and mating slots are made with wedge-like profile, face of striker plate facing charge of explosive substance is made with larger area than area of its opposite face. EFFECT: ensured is destruction of throwing plate edges-striker, reduction of velocity gradient arising as result of deformation of peripheral zone of plate-striker, and providing tight contact of peripheral zone of plate-striker with adjacent elements of explosive propulsive device. 1 cl, 1 dwg


Partial linear models have been widely used as flexible method for modelling linear components in conjunction with non‐parametric ones. Despite the presence of the non‐parametric part, the linear, parametric part can under certain conditions be estimated with parametric rate. In this paper, we consider a high‐dimensional linear part. We show that it can be estimated with oracle rates, using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalty for the linear part and a smoothness penalty for the nonparametric part.


Background: The laparoscopic approach for pancreas tumors is not comprehensively approved, due to its technical complexity. The aim of this study was to compare the perioperative and postoperative results, oncological outcomes and survival of patients with proximal pancreatic tumor who underwent laparoscopic treatment (TLPD) versus open procedure (TPD). Patients and Methods: From 2009 to 2017, information of patients undergoing pancreatic resection was collected. All patients undergoing total pancreaticoduodenectomy (TPD) or TLPD were included in this study. The patients were followed minimum 6 months after surgery and all complications were analyzed. All complications were recorded and categorised according to the clavien system. Results: 62 (%80.5) patients underwent TPD, 15 (%19.4) underwent TLPD. There were no differences in patients demografics. Significant differences were determined in TLPD group about blood transfusion, blood loss, lenght of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, number of lymph nodes resected. Operative time was significantly long in TLPD group. Postpancreatectomy hemorragy was low in TLPD group. There were no differences in other complications. Conclusions: Laparoscopic whipple procedure is not only feasible but safe, with low morbidity and acceptable complication rates. TLPD is characterized by less blood loss, lower transfusion rates, improved lymph node resection, less wound infection. However, the laparoscopic Whipple procedure can be applied in selected cases.


We describe a frequency-domain normal-mode parameter (NMP) extraction method for asymmetric, uniform coupled microstrip lines. The method applies when loss is reasonably low or the lines are reasonably short, as is the case in many practical applications. The only requirement is the complete scattering parameter (S-parameter) description for a specified physical length of the coupled section. Extraction yields the frequency-dependent characteristic impedance matrix, the mode propagation constants, and the mode configurations; also the concomitant per-unit-length parameters. We develop quasi-TEM analytic expressions for the S-parameters in terms of the NMPs, and then validate the method for three lines by recovering the NMPs from this data and from simulated S-parameters.


This paper discusses garbage collection techniques used in a high-performance Lisp implementation with a large virtual memory, the Symbolics 3600. Particular attention is paid to practical issues and experience. In a large system problems of scale appear and the most straightforward garbage-collection techniques do not work well. Many of these problems involve the interaction of the garbage collector with demand-paged virtual memory. Some of the solutions adopted in the 3600 are presented, including incremental copying garbage collection, approximately depth-first copying, ephemeral objects, tagged architecture, and hardware assists. We discuss techniques for improving the efficiency of garbage collection by recognizing that objects in the Lisp world have a variety of lifetimes. The importance of designing the architecture and the hardware to facilitate garbage collection is stressed.


The following theorem is proved in ZFC: there exist valuation rings which are not surjective homomorphic images of valuation domains. The proof relies on the existence of nonstandard divisible uniserial modules in ZFC. Let R be a valuation ring (in another terminology: a chained ring), i.e. a commutative ring with 1 in which the ideals form a chain under inclusion. A valuation domain is a domain that is a valuation ring at the same time. Kaplansky raised the question as to whether or not every valuation ring R can be obtained as a (surjective) homomorphic image of a valuation domain S. Under additional conditions on R, the answer is affirmative; see Ohm and Vicknair [3] and the literature cited there. On the other hand, Fuchs and Salce [2, p. 151] have given an explicit example for a valuation ring which can not be obtained in the indicated way. Their proof was based on the existence of nonstandard divisible uniserial modules by using Jensen's Diamond Principle which holds in the constructible universe but not in ZFC alone (Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the Axiom of Choice). Franzen and Gobel [1] pointed out that the slightly weaker hypothesis 2t4' < 2 ' suffices. (The existence of nonstandard uniserials was first established by Shelah [5] by using forcing argument; later he replaced it by an absoluteness result of stationary logic.) Our aim here is to prove in ZFC the existence of nonstandard divisible uniserial modules and the existence of valuation rings which are not obtainable as Received by the editors May 14, 1987 and, in revised form, January 24, 1988. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 1 3A1 8, 1 3L05.


Preface 1. Introduction 2. Components of physical fitness 3. Principles of training, warm-up, motor unit types, sources of information 4. Training methods 5. Evaluation of fitness levels 6. Sports injuries and their prevention References Index


A new SAR reduction technique for 5G antenna application is proposed. U-edges combined with corrugated ground plane to control the surface current distribution and reducing SAR. Analysis of the effects of corrugated ground plane with metallic U edge surrounding the ground plan is presented. The design parameters of both corrugations and U-edges is optimized to maintain impedance matching and SAR reduction over 3.4GHz to 3.8GHz. The proposed structure can reduce SAR by 60%.


For use as a 3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -2-floral flavor composition alternatives methylpropanal, the primary composition perfuming ingredient composition, which comprises 5 to 25 wt% of perfuming first component (2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro -1H- inden-2-yl) methanol 0.2 to 10 wt% of the second component perfuming dimethyl-5-indanyl propionaldehyde compounds; and one or more secondary perfuming ingredient, perfuming ingredients comprising the secondary 3-methyl-5-phenyl-pentyl aldehyde, decyl aldehyde, octyl aldehyde, cumin aldehyde, cuminic alcohol, carvone, 2-isobutyl-tetrahydro-4-methyl -4 (2H) - cis-7-chromanol or at least one of the menthol.


The fingerprint of 8 new tested potato varieties in Guizhou regional test was established by SSR technology to provide molecular identification of potato variety.The results showed that 43 allelic loci were amplified,41 allelic loci were polymorphic sites and the polymorphism rate reached 95.35%.The average polymorphism information quantity and range were 0.813 0 and 0.712 8(S168)~0.886 1(S192).The amplified product section was 130~250 bp.The clustering analysis showed that 7 tested potato varieties could be classified as one group when the similarity coefficient was 0.610,and 5 tested potato varieties could be classified as one group when the similarity coefficient was 0.685,which indicates that the hereditary basis of 8 tested potato varieties was narrow,and the cluster analysis result was in good accordance with source of tested varieties.


Although the multiple signal classification(MUSIC) algorithm which is based on the concept of subspace has excellent performance,the resolution ability decreases in direction of arrival(DOA) estimation under severe environments like low signal noise ratio(SNR),small number of snapshots,or incident waves from close angles.Focusing on this problem,a super resolution estimation method is proposed.After calculating the second derivative of MUSIC spectrum,some negative peaks are shown around the original DOAs while MUISC spectrum does not make peaks there.Compared with the classical MUSIC algorithm,the new method can get better resolution performance for separating closely spaced sources in difficult contexts such as low SNR and small number of snapshots.


Parallel plate structures are widely used in micro-electromechanical systems,
and the measuring technology of parallelism of parallel plates becomes more and more inevitable. More
and more attention has been paid on the development of measuring technology of parallelism of parallel
plates.

To meet the increasing requirement of measuring precision and measuring efficiency of
parallelism measurement of parallel plates, the measuring devices and measuring methods of the parallelism
measurement are constantly being enhanced.

This paper retraces varieties of representative patents relevant to the measuring devices and
measuring methods of the parallelism measurement of parallel plates.

Through retracing the characteristics of different types of measuring devices and measuring
methods of parallelism measurement of parallel plates, the main problems existing in the current development
such as low measuring precision and low measuring efficiency are concluded and analyzed.
Development of patents on the measuring devices and measuring methods of the parallelism measurement
is discussed in the future.

The optimization and development of parallelism measurement are beneficial to improve
measuring precision and measuring efficiency of parallelism measurement of parallel plates. More related
patents on parallelism measurement of parallel plates will be invented.


Miscellaneous fill ground is reinforced by heavy tamping method and the qpplication is analyzed.Using Mendard formula,construction parameters such as effective reinforcing depth are selected.Some problems in the heavy tamping construction are solved,and the reinforcing effect is good.Through test,heavy tamping method can be used in the construction of weakly mixed miscellaneous fill ground.


In this paper,a pepper variety of LongJiao NO.2 was employed to investigate effects of treatments of normal water,light and severe water stress on MDA content,protective enzyme activities,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in pepper leaves,in order to determine the soil moisture for the pepper's normal growth in the arid climate of Gansu province.Results showed that MDA content in pepper leaves under the three different treatments showed an increasing trend,activities of SOD and POD were increased firstly and then decreased.Under severe water stress,MDA content and SOD activities in leaves were higher than the other two treatments with higher early-POD activity and lower late-POD.The Fv/Fm,Fv′/Fm′,ФPSII and qP in leaves under three different treatments increased firstly and then dropped.The above mentioned indexes in leaves were lower after treated by severe water stress.The NPQ data in leaves under all the treatments were opposite to the trends of the qP data,and after treated with lighter water stress,NPQ and qP in leaves showed flat variations.These findings suggested that lighter water stress(60% of soil water content) could meet the pepper's normal growth need in arid region where water resource is deficient.


E. H. PLACE (New England Jotorn. Med., November 17th, 1932, p. 864) states that the date of onset of diphtherial carditis is from the sixth to the twenty-first day after the onset. Physical findings besides pallor or exhaustion of the extremities and skin include changes in the heart sounds and heart rhythm. The first change is softening and shortening of the first sound the diastolic pause is usually shortened. Rhythmic disturbance consists most commonly in a gallop type of three or four sounds, rarely with flutter or fibrillation. The blood pressure falls. In the worst cases the liver is enlarged and tender. Electrocardiograms show two main types of damage-namely, (1) auricular and intraventricular block, and (2) changes in the shape and direction of the T wave and reduction of the voltage of the heart current. The two changes may be associated, or the second may occur alone. The mortality from diphtherial heart damage is between 50 and 60 per cent. Death may take place within twentyfour hours from the onset, but the average time is about three days. Treatment consists in absolute rest, reduction of food by the mouth, and the administration of 50 per cent. glucose solution by the rectum and intravenously;' In scarlet fever the characteristic heart' damage is a mild endocarditis ; this occurred in less than 0.1 per cent. of Place's cases. The diagnosis is based on the presence of fever, cardiac murmurs with tachycardia, change in the size of the heart, and associated arthritis. Electrocardiographic modifications are very rare. The onset is typical-namely, during the second or third week after the commencement of scarlet fever. Association with arthritis is very common, but no subcutaneous nodules have yet been found. The crippling effect is slight compared with that of rheumatic fever.


The present invention relates to a detection apparatus and method using an optical interferometric device partially cut sample probe to detect a target array of volume compared to the volume of the optical properties of the reference sample probe array. This equipment generates formatted probe beam, which contain partially cutting beam, which beam pairs are fully formatted as an array of shear probe beam. Sample probe and target volume of the volume of the reference sample probe is exposed to a properly organized and complete shearing of the probe beam array.


A study is made of the use of an external resonator to enhance sub-Doppler signals observable with the high-sensitivity techniques of optical heterodyne spectroscopy. The case of modulation-transfer spectroscopy in a ring resonator is considered in detail. Exciting the /sup 127/I/sub 2/ resonance at 612 nm with a low-power He-Ne laser made it possible to observe a S/N of 250:1 in a 10-kHz bandwidth. Used in an optimal control loop, this performance would provide a laser stability of 10 Hz at 1 s. Such a greater-than-hundredfold improvement in stability should lead to increases in accuracy as well. >


Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than the general population. In addition, these patients are at greater risk of developing complications from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which is most likely due to differences in hemostasis physiology, challenging coronary anatomy, and the presence of significant concurrent comorbidities. Frequency in the use of "complex" PCI—the definition of which remains to be standardized—has increased over the past decade. However, it remains unclear whether the complexity of the coronary intervention has an additional effect on cardiovascular outcomes in patients when compared with standard PCI, in patients with or without CKD. In this issue of Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, Chen et al. sought to answer this question by performing a retrospective analysis using a large single‐center database. They reviewed data for 15,071 patients who underwent PCI from 2012 to 2019 and met the inclusion criteria. The authors examined patient records for the development of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) up to 1 year after PCI, and bleeding—both during the procedure and after discharge. They separated the patients into groups by PCI complexity and by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), with the threshold being <60mL/min/1.73m. Importantly, they defined complex PCI as intervention of 3 or more target lesions, implantation of 3 or more stents, intervention of bifurcation lesions with a multiple‐stent strategy, PCI of chronic total occlusions (CTO), or total stent length implantation >60mm. The authors found that patients who underwent complex PCI were at significantly greater risk of developing MACE than were those who underwent standard PCI; this was true for patients with or without CKD. However, the percentage of patients in whom MACE developed was higher in patients with CKD (24.9%) than in those without CKD (17.1%). Patients with CKD who underwent complex PCI were at greater risk of death, myocardial infarction, and needing of target vessel revascularization. Complex PCI also resulted in a greater risk of major bleeding in patients with CKD. Interestingly, in patients without CKD, the complexity of the PCI did not significantly affect all‐cause death. Several important points can be reasonably inferred from the elaborate data presented by the authors. First, CKD was associated with an increased risk of worse outcomes after PCI. Second, the complexity of PCI influenced adverse outcomes, but the relative


High Energy Sorghums are Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench types that produce high grain yields and have sweet stalks that yield carbohydrates and biomass at levels which justify harvest for alcohol production


A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-based multi-parameter, reduced-order modeling framework that rapidly predicts air temperatures in an air-cooled data center is developed. The modeling parameters are heat load and time. The framework is applied on initial temperature snapshots acquired near a server simulator rack by measurements at discrete time instants and selected rack heat loads. To estimate the accuracy of the modeling framework, the predicted temperature data are compared with corresponding experimental observations. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated to be effective and efficient for full-factorial parametric temperature characterization.


A model for medium modifications to the two-nucleon effective interaction,based upon the results of nuclear matter theory, is proposed for the analysisof proton inelastic scattering to normal-parity isoscalar states ofself-conjugate nuclei. An empirical effective interaction is fitted to crosssection and analyzing power data for the excitation by 135 MeV protons of sixstates of /sup 16/O simultaneously. Transition densities determinedby electron scattering minimize uncertainties due to nuclear structure.Distorted waves are generated from the self-consistent optical potentialcomputed from the same effective interaction, corrected for rearrangementeffects. We find that a unique effective interaction provides a good global fitto all inelastic scattering data and is consistent with data for elasticscattering, which were not included in the fit. The density dependence of theempirical interaction is similar to, but somewhat smaller than, that of theParis-Hamburg /ital G/ matrix. However, we also find that the interactionstrength is reduced at zero density. These comparisons suggest effects due tononlocal density dependence beyond the local density approximation.


The production process of continuous zinc electroplating for steel wire was composed of wire drawing, heat treatment, pretreatment, zinc plating and post\|treatment as well as wastewater treatment. The technology, equipment, quality control and troubleshooting in the procedure were presented in detail, especially for the roles of components in zinc plating solution and the effects of operation conditions on the product quality. The effects of various kinds of zinc plating brighteners were also analyzed and the future research about brightener was prospected.


Since early summer of 2012,the continuous drought has caused the yields of crops in America declining dramatically,and the price of agricultural products have been roaring sustainably.Thus,the American economy and society are affected greatly.At the same time,USA drought sounds the alarm to China,where natural disasters outbreak frequently.By analyzing the characteristics,causes and impacts of the USA century drought,and the main problems faced by Chinese agricultural production in the context of climate changes,such as frequent occurrence of natural disasters,increase of agricultural inputs,etc.the authors put forward suggestions as: to establish and perfect weather monitoring and warning system;to strengthen agricultural infrastructure construction mainly water conservancy;to increase investment in studying and promoting agricultural disaster-alleviation technology etc.


Abstract : The effect of particles, such as dust in air, on aerocynamic drag of circular cylinders was calculated for compressible flow at critical Mach number and for incompressible flow. The effect of compressibility was found negligible for particles larger than about 10 microns, for which the air can be considered a continuum. Drag coefficient and collection efficiency are provided for a wide range of inertia parameters and Reynolds numbers for both compressible and incompressible flow. Keywords: Aerosol; Particulate impaction; Dusty compressible flow; Blast wave; Canada.


Objective To observe whether it can inhibited the growth of pancreatic carcinoma cells in in vivo experiments with NC-8-12(specific agonist of somatostatin receptorⅡ)by transfecting pancreatic carcinoma hypodermic model of naked rats with a recombinant adenovirus vector,named as Adeno-X-SSTR2,which carrying SSTR2 gene.Methods SSTR2 gene was cloned and recombined into Adeno-X-SSTR2.gene,constitute hypodermic model of naked rats with infecting and uninfecting SSTR2 gene separately,which were given NC-8-12 of various dose by hypodermic injection,to observe the change of tumor volume and weight by taking normol saline group as control group.Results NC-8-12 has no in- hibition to pancreatic carcinoma cells without transfecting SSTR2 gene in hypodermic model of naked rats (P>0.05).But it can inhibit tumor cells proliferation remarkably at the dose of 200μg/kg·d~(-1) in the cells transfected SSTR2 gene(P<0.05).Conclusion(1)Adeno-X-SSTR2 with SSTR2 gene can in- fect pancreatic carcinoma cells efficently.(2)a certain dose of NC-8-12(200μg/kg·d~(-1))can inhibited the growth of carcinoma cells remarkably,which are transfected with SSTR2 gene in vivo models of naked rats.


Cryoablation in open‐chest surgical interventions for ventricular arrhythmias has been reported with reasonable procedural outcomes. However, the characteristics of cryoablation lesions on the ventricular myocardium are not well defined. The purpose of the present study was to determine the tissue and vascular effects of a linear epicardial cryoablation probe in a porcine animal model.


Abstract Through the use of two kinds of imidazole derivatives containing different O-functional units, three new Keggin- and one Wells-Dawson-polyoxometalate (POM)-based compounds, namely [Cu2La4(HPW12O40)] (1), [CuLa4(H2O)2(HPMo12O40)] (2), [Cu2La7(H2O)(H2P2W18O62)]·La(3), [Ag2(Lb4)(HPMo12O40)]·Lb·H2O (4)(La= (4-(2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde), and Lb=(4-(2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoic acid), were synthesized and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and infrared spectroscopy. The polyoxoanions occupy holes framed by two symmetrically oriented CuLa2 units in 1. In compound 2, the square-planar CuLa4 units form a two-dimensional (2D), supramolecular grid through π···π stacking interactions. The POMs occupy vacancies in this grid. In compound 3, the CuLa3 subunits connect the neighboring P2W18 units and an "S"-type chain is formed. Through hydrogen bonding interactions, the chains are connected to form a layer. In compound 4, the POM anions are linked by AgLb2 subunits to form a chain. All the chains are tied together to construct a layer structure with weak hydrogen bonding interactions between the terminal carboxylic acid functional groups of ligands Lb. The electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activities of all these four compounds were also studied.


Weissia (Hymenostomum) flavescens (E. G. Britt. in N. L. Britt. & Millsp.) Reese is reported new to the United States on three specimens from Big Pine Key, in the Florida Keys. It occurs on the nearby island ofGrand Bahama and elsewhere in the Bahamian archipelago, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. My recent study (Reese 1991) of specimens of Weissia (Hymenostomum) flavescens (E. G. Britt. in N. L. Britt. & Millsp.) Reese from Grand Bahama Island, which lies approximately 100 km east of southern Florida, prompted me to look again at some of my earlier collections from the Florida Keys. This revealed a single specimen of W. flavescens (previously determined as W. viridula Hedw.). Two other specimens named W. viridula from the Florida Keys (NY) also turned out to be W. flavescens, which is here reported new to the United States. FLORIDA. MONROE CO.: BIG PINE KEY: 4 mi. N of US 1 on soil in interior of hammock, McDaniel 5837 (rNY); Rockland Pine Forest, on limestone and soil, Redfearn 3069 (NY); on soil at base of pine tree, Reese 1284 [DUKE (microscope slide), LAF]. The plants of these three collections are indistinguishable from those of the Bahamian populations that I have studied. The McDaniel specimen is a mixture of W. flavescens and an unidentified Weissia-like species with large, pellucid, more or less smooth leaf cells, involute leaf margins, and welldeveloped Weissia-like peristome, which also appears to be new to the United States. Plants of Weissia subg. Hymenostomum resemble those of peristomate Weissia in all respects, including involute leaf margins, except that the sporophyte lacks a peristome. Some authors, e.g., Crosby and Magill (1981) and Wijk et al. (1969), recognize Hymenostomum at the generic level but others, e.g., Crum and Anderson (1981), Noguchi (1988), Saito (1975), Smith (1978), and Stoneburner (1985), include Hymenostomum in Weissia (sometimes as a subgenus). Thus the modem tendency is to discount the eperistomate condition as an indicator of generic rank. Gametophytically, W. flavescens differs from W. controversa in having its leaf margins generally erect except toward the leaf tip, where the margins are usually involute as in W. controversa. Restriction of involution of the margins to the upper part of the leaf gives the leaves a cucullate appearance. The leaves of dry plants of W. flavescens are variously contorted but not curled as in typical W. controv-


Abstract In this paper, we describe the merits of "visual archaeology," or understanding the past through the analysis of images, as a method for teaching historical context. We begin by articulating the typical archaeological process for studying and analyzing material artifacts, and then describe the possibilities this process offers for considering images that also represent change through time—in this case, cover art from several editions of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. We argue that this method of teaching this important text helps students engage with the text's afterlife even when they possess little initial familiarity with the cultural contexts of its many editions.


This paper is dealing with a missile autopilot design. The objective is to seek the approaches which significantly enhance the ability of an aerospace control engineer to deal with a practical nonlinear flight control problem. For this purpose, two nonlinear methods are considered: "approximate feedback" and "approximate dynamic feedback" with two time-scale separation. Both methodologies have been applied in order to overcome the difficulties caused by the non-minimum phase phenomenon of the missile. For the sake of realism, the implementation of the controller includes a nonlinear observer. The second method, which incorporates the classical industrial know how, has been shown to be better among the two in terms of both performance and complexity of the control law.


We mapped the propagation of photogenerated luminescence and charges from a local photoexcitation spot in thin films of lead tri-iodide perovskites using a confocal microscopy setup with independent excitation and collection objectives. We observed regenerated PL emission at distances as far as 50 micrometers away from photoexcitation. We then made a scratch in the film to increase out-scattering and found that the peak of the internal photon spectrum red-shifts from 765 to ≥800 nanometers. This is caused by the sharp decay of the absorption coefficient at the band tail, which allows longer wavelength photons to travel further between emission and absorption events, originating charges far from excitation. We then built a lateral-contact solar cell with selective electron- and hole-collecting contacts, using a combination of photolitography and electrodeposition. We used these devices as a platform to study photocurrent propagation and found that charge extraction can be achieved well beyond 50 micrometers away from the excitation. We connect these two observations by comparing the decay in intensity of the recycled component of the PL (which is around 765 nm) with the decay in photocurrent. Taking into account that PL is proportional to the square of charge density, whilst photocurrent is proportional to charge density. Photon recycling leads to an increase in internal photon densities, which leads to a build-up of excited charges. This increases the split of quasi-Fermi levels and enhances the achievable open circuit voltage in a solar cell.


This study examines the nature of issue-based Twitter response networks using the hashtag "#illridewithyou. This hashtag was a response of solidarity towards Muslims in Australia after a hostage incident that occurred in Sydney in December 2014. A network of 11293 users that used the hashtag #illridewithyou and their tweets were analyzed to examine the nature of engagement at network, ego, and semantic levels. Results show that although the #illridewithyou network has some characteristics of scale free networks, including a high clustering coefficient, low mean geodesic distance, and degree distribution approximating the power law, it lacks a giant connected component, but rather is structured into local clusters. Citizen participation, as indicated by out-degree, was considerably high in the network, and the topics discussed in the Tweets ranged from religion and empathy to globalism, multiculturalism and peace. Participants are globally connected but active in small clusters.