Agricultural practices are always under natural disaster risks since farms are open areas to meteorological factors. These risks can be classified as snow, hurricane, flood, tornado and frost. Frost, one of the most important one of these risks, especially affects fruit gardens and has a 30% of total damage in vegetable production. Till now farmers have used to burn bales or plastic wheels to produce a heat cover in the gardens to protect trees. Today more technological method of frost protection which is wind machine is used to avoid frost. Wind machines are commonly used in Adana since fruit gardens are so susceptible due to wide open gardens and often frost occurrences in season changes. In this research 3 different make and model of frost protector wind machines' technical specifications and performances are determined. According to the results it was found that two different power groups of wind machines are commonly used. It was also determined that these machines have protection radius of between 100 to 136 meters and protection area between 3 to 6 hectares. According to the test results, the air flow has an effect between 2 to 5 meters from the ground. The sound pressure levels of these machines were over 85 dBA which is determined as the highest sound pressure exposure level by ILO (International Labor Organization).


One major challenge Malaysia's opposition need to overcome before winning power is the flawed electoral roll. In that sense, their victory on 9 May 2018 is a pleasant surprise. Any Malaysian citizen above the age of 21 and of sound mind is constitutionally qualified as a voter and can technically register to be one with a valid national registration identity card. Voter registration can be done through multiple avenues: post offices, the Election Commission (EC) offices, assistant registrars and government agencies appointed by the EC. Voters who are newly registered or transferred-in from other constituencies are added on a quarterly basis to so-called 'supplementary electoral rolls', which are later merged with the 'principal electoral rolls' that contain existing voters. Behind this simple process, however, lie at least eight types of irregularity in Malaysia's electoral rolls. These have been uncovered in electoral roll forensic analyses since 2011, carried out by Engage, a non-governmental organisation:


An analytic decision model for evaluating geothermal investment behavior of both resource developers and power producers is presented. Estimates are provided of the potential role of geothermal energy in the US over the next several decades, and of the relative effectiveness of incentives for accelerating geothermal development.


Abstract Exceptionally well-preserved partial skeletal remains representing a minimum of six individuals of an oreodont are described from the White Springs Local Fauna, Columbia County, northern Florida. Although oreodonts are very common from classic Oligocene and early Miocene deposits in the western United States, this group is poorly represented from Florida. The White Springs oreodont pertains to a new species, Mesoreodon floridensis, and is derived, particularly in the development of the auditory bulla, relative to more primitive, closely related species such as Merycoidodon culbertsoni, the latter of which is well known from the badlands of the western United States. Mesoreodon floridensis differs from most other species assigned to this genus in the relative development of the nasal region, possible presence of a facial vacuity, configuration of the preorbital fossa, relatively simple occipital and zygomatic morphology, and imbricated premolar morphology. Based on the associated faunal remains and age determinations, M. floridensis is late early Arikareean (Ar2) in age, ca. 25–24 million years old, and occurs in an interval not well represented in the classic Arikareean sequence of western Nebraska. A mounted skeleton of M. floridensis, on exhibition, is also described.


Ethical and methodologically correct diagnosis of a child hearing Deaf parents requires a specialist with extensive knowledge. In every society there are people who use the visual-spatial language – they are deaf people. They are perceived by the majority as disabled people, less frequently as a cultural minority. The adoption of a particular attitude towards the perception of deafness determines the context of the psychologist's assessment. Diagnosis in such a specific situation shouldbe viewed from the perspective of a child hearing as a bi-cultural person, a descendant of a Deaf parent – a representative of the Deaf culture and himself a psychologist representing the cultural majority of hearing people.


The dynamic stabilities of the icosahedral-like clusters containing up to 2200 atoms are investigated for 15 metal elements. The clusters originate from five different initial structures (icosahedron, truncated decahedron, octahedron, closed-shell fragment of an HCP structure, and non-closed-shell fragment of an HCP structure). The obtained order of the dynamic stabilities of the icosahedral-like clusters can be assigned to three groups, from stronger to weaker, according to the size ranges involved: (Zr, Al, Ti) > (Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ag) > (Pb, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir), which correspond to the predicted formation ability of the quasicrystals. Thedifferences of the sequences can be explained by analyzing the parameters of the Gupta-type many-body inter-atomic potentials.


Summary Air transportation missions of seriously ill or injured patients are subdivided into rescue missions and medical evacuation missions. In 1981, for rescue missions, 29 stationed rescue helicopters were available with an operation radius of 50 km. Their task consisted of securing the primary care for vital risk patients as soon as possible. Medical evacuation missions were realized by helicopter, ambulance aircraft, and airliner. Before take-off a medical briefing was held to diminish the transport-trauma. Patients with cardiopulmonary insufficiency are at risk as simultaneous appearance of acceleration, climbing rate, falling cabin pressure and emotional stress may produce serious complications. Additional education of the medical crew is required.


Computer aided design (CAD) has become an important technique for garden landscape designers. Because of its convenience, creative feeling and visual impact, CAD technology is widely used in the process of garden landscape design. In this paper, we firstly elaborate the advantages and disadvantages of CAD technology, and then introduce the main procedures of landscape design with CAD technology, including modeling, rendering and post-processing. Finally, we give an application example of Auto ACD in garden landscape design.


The dead time is necessary to prevent the shoot-through phenomenon in a PWM(pulse-width-modulation inverter feeding an induction motor,but the dead time reduces the system performance.This paper presents a new method for dead time,the quasi-single-polarity PWM method.The method disables the drive pulse of one switching device based on the phase current polarity during one half of a cycle for the current.The bridge is in a half-controlled state so that the dead time can be reduced.The control scheme also includes measures to deal with zero-cross and motor startup.The method significantly improves the current wave and the inverter performance.Simulations and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the method.


Technical debt refers to decisions made during the design and development of software that postpone the resolution of technical problems or the enhancement of the software's features to a later date. If not properly managed, technical debt can put long-term software quality and maintainability at risk. Self-admitted technical debt is defined as the addition of specific comments to source code as a result of conscious and deliberate decisions to accumulate technical debt. In this paper, we will look at the presence of self-admitted technical debt in open-source blockchain projects, which are characterized by the use of a relatively novel technology and the need to generate trust. The self-admitted technical debt was analyzed using NLP techniques for the classification of comments extracted from the source code of ten projects chosen based on capitalization and popularity. The analysis of self-admitted technical debt in blockchain projects was compared with the results of previous non-blockchain open-source project analyses. The findings show that self-admitted design technical debt outnumbers requirement technical debt in blockchain projects. The analysis discovered that some projects had a low percentage of self-admitted technical debt in the comments but a high percentage of source code files with debt. In addition, self-admitted technical debt is on average more prevalent in blockchain projects and more equally distributed than in reference Java projects.If not managed, the relatively high presence of detected technical debt in blockchain projects could represent a threat to the needed trust between the blockchain system and the users. Blockchain projects development teams could benefit from self-admitted technical debt detection for targeted technical debt management.


Thank you for downloading munchausen by proxy syndrome misunderstood child abuse. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen books like this munchausen by proxy syndrome misunderstood child abuse, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their laptop.


SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalysts with varied sintering temperatures of 900°C and 1000°C have been successfully prepared via the co-precipitation method. This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature on SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalyst including the microstructure, atomic bonding, and photocatalyst activity. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data revealed an increase in the crystallite size with increasing the sintering temperature. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the formation of Sr-Ti-O bonds followed by the presence of CH impurities that the impurities decreased at 1000°C. The photocatalyst activity was tested using methylene blue (MB) degradation in SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalysts under UV rays. The time for the irradiation process varied from 3, 4, to 5 hours. The degraded result was examined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to estimate the %degradation. The results demonstrated that the sintering temperatures do not considerably impact MB degradation. Further, the best treatment for SrTi0.97Ni0.03O3 to attain the highest MB degradation of 49.9% is at 900°C with 5 hours of irradiation.


Racial group,whose culture being marginalized,takes the minority position in the democratic politics.Racial identity,as cultural symbol for the ingredient of the group in the democratic political system,regularly was viewed to be something holding anti-democracy defined by the main current culture,and therefore,was excluded from or seemed as hostility to the democratic system.The debate from between "Neutral freedom" and "exceptional status freedom" over it went each extreme,however,the identity equality,non-privileged identity in political process would be true democracy.


The combined operation of postcombustion CO2 capture and a power plant is a complex process with significant mutual interactions. Although the application of CO2 capture imposes an efficiency penalty on the power plant, it also provides the opportunity to operate the power plant in a more flexible way. To analyze this process, a detailed model of a postcombustion capture plant is developed and validated with measurement data. Afterward, the model is coupled to the model of a hard coal-fired power plant to study the effects of a joint operation. In a case study scenario, the steam extraction of the carbon capture plant is reduced by 50% to increase the power generation of the power plant. The results indicate that it is possible to provide primary frequency control by using this mode of operation.


The links between physical and mental health are well recognised, with each having a direct and indirect impact on the other. The specific role of exercise in achieving good physical and mental health outcomes is increasingly recognised. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has established guidelines for optimum levels of physical activity (PA), with over 2.5 hours per week of for adults and 60 minutes per day for youth 1 . Global estimates (2016) show adherence rates among adults of 72.5%, but only 19% among youth 1 . Levels of PA reduced further during Covid-19, both globally 2 , and in Ireland 2 . By November 2020, adult adherence rates had dropped from 56.5% to 43.7% in Ireland 2 .


(57) Abstract: The present invention, the formula I and II: ## STR1 ## The a, according to the analog of the novel Supisuroshin group.


Digitization is the current trend in Television broadcasting, both in Zambia and the world over. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), set 2015 as the year for the entire broadcasting stations in the world to go digital in order to have better signal quality and increase in the capacity of broadcast transmission networks by improving spectrum efficiency. Despite these and many other advantages that come with digital migration, Zambia is yet to realize the full benefits of digital migration implementation. It's against this background that the study was conducted to assess the challenges of digital migration process and its benefits in Zambia. The emphasis was on assessing the television digital migration implementation process; examine the challenges of switching from analogue to digital technology and its benefits. To this effect, a quantitative research design was used on a sample of 300 stakeholders who had direct influence on the process to determine their views. The data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to categorise the challenges of the migration process and its benefits. The results established that lack of awareness by the public was a major challenge was encountered. In addition, inadequate infrastructure for digital migration coupled with inadequate funding towards the hindered the process of migration. However, the study also established that the country has benefited from migrating from analog to digital broadcasting. Notable ones include; quality of transmission, improved content delivery, and ability of the viewers to view more than one TV channel at once thereby giving them a better viewing pleasure among other benefits. In view of the challenges and benefits of the digital migration to the country, the study recommends that deliberate policies should be put in place to ensure that the infrastructure needed for the digital migration are readily available and that Government should create public awareness with regards to the importance of the digital migration process to allow for more public participation.


The Interscience Radial Flow (IRF) SOFC is designed to minimize problems in high-temperature operation, and for low-cost fabrication. The cell has planar, non-sintered construction, uses particulate materials to form porous electrodes, and has internal radial flow. This phase was to demonstrate feasibility of multi-cell stack operation. Performance milestone was 15% DC HHV efficiency with hydrogen at > 50 mW/cm{sup 2} over 100 h.


Ethanol is an oxygen‐containing renewable clean fuel. The use of ethanol in engines can reduce greenhouse emissions and pollutant emissions of NOx and soot. However, ethanol has limited solubility in diesel fuel. Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) can improve the miscibility and cetane number of ethanol‐diesel blend. To evaluate the solubilizing ability of PODE on the mixture of ethanol and diesel, the phase behavior of the ternary system (PODE, anhydrous ethanol, and diesel) was investigated at different ambient temperatures. Additionally, the blend can easily absorb water from ambient humidity because of the additional ethanol, which may cause phase separation. Thus, the effect of water addition on the phase behavior of the system was studied. In the current study, the blend of ethanol (100%, 98%, 95% purity) and diesel fuel was used as a solute with different diesel blending ratios. Then, PODE was gradually added into blend until phase boundaries of ternary system appeared. Results show that the ability of PODE in the blend is greatly affected by ambient temperature, particularly above 10°C. The addition of water greatly destroys the phase stability of the ternary system and increases demand for PODE due to the hydrophobicity of diesel.


The software architecture is a discipline that provides daily positive results in the software development process, setting standards that reduce errors in this delicate process. This paper aims to propose an architecture for the productMis mejores cuentosresponding to qualities such as integrability, portability, maintainability, among others. The proposed architecture provides the necessary elements for developing an educational product on web platform using free tools. During development, architectural pattern Modelo Vista Controlador is used in one of its variants to the Cuban educational software architecture. It also sees the use of language oriented modeling describing the views of educational software and there are select tools and technologies that will be used in product


By PCR, using primers based on heterologous amtB genes, an amtB sequence of Pseudomonas stutzeri A15 was amplified. This DNA fragment was used as a probe in Southern hybridisation experiments and resulted in the isolation and sequence analysis of a 6017 u bp genomic fragment of P. stutzeri A15 containing glnKamtB 1 amtB 2. GlnK codes for a homologue of the nitrogen regulatory P II protein, amtB 1 and amtB 2 encode putative ammonium transporters. Whereas a glnKamtB gene cluster is common among bacteria, a tandem repeat of ammonium transporter genes has not been reported before. Apart from the presence of a second amtB gene, the gene organisation on this 6 u kbp fragment is very similar to a particular region in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, relatively closely related to P. stutzeri. Furthermore, the amtB 1 gene shows the highest similarity with P. aeruginosa amtB, whereas the amtB 2 gene is more closely related to cyanobacterial amtB genes, which are reported to be monocistronically transcribed and not clustered with glnK homologues. Upstream of glnK, NtrC and RpoN recognition sites can be observed. In the intergenic region of glnKamtB 1 amtB 2 no terminators nor extra promoter sequences were observed, indicating that glnKamtB 1 amtB 2 is possibly transcribed as a nitrogen regulated operon.


Until the 1970s, the low degree of stability [prizhivaemost'] of new settlements was perhaps the only major migration problem on which scholars and practitioners concentrated their attention. Thereafter, an abrupt turn took place in migration processes in the country for a variety of reasons. By this time, the return of the population to the European areas of the country had been completed, and the migration waves caused by the war were thus brought to rest. At the same time, many social processes that had left their imprint on migration began quietly to intensify. The migration movement of the population in the USSR, on the one hand, was influenced by the social braking mechanisms that had led to stagnation and, on the other, was responsive to the systems of benefits and coefficients (very prestigious from the vantage point of those times, but no longer so necessary from today's perspective) introduced in new settlements and to resolutions adopted by the government to develop agriculture in the non-black...


This chapter demonstrates that a person's level of cognitive abilities is a key determinant of financial decisions. Households with high cognitive abilities tend to participate more in the stock market and accumulate more financial wealth than households with low cognitive abilities. Upon participation, portfolio performance improves with experience but it is negatively correlated with age due to the adverse effects of cognitive aging. A portfolio choice model that accounts for cognitive abilities can also provide a parsimonious explanation to why retail investors hold underdiversified portfolios, engage in active trading, and overweight local stocks. Specifically, portfolio distortions by smart investors reflect an informational advantage and generate higher risk-adjusted returns. In contrast, the distortions by investors with lower abilities arise from psychological biases and result in low risk-adjusted performance. INTRODUCTION This chapter focuses on an important, but previously unexplored, determinant of stock investment decisions, namely, cognitive abilities. At first glance, intelligence should be correlated with success in financial decisions. However, directly establishing this link is difficult because data sets that contain both measures of cognitive abilities and financial performance are hard to obtain. Even with rich data sets, the impact of cognitive abilities on financial decisions may be difficult to quantify because this relation is likely to be complex and multifaceted. For example, predicting whether the quality of investment decisions would improve or deteriorate with age poses numerous problems. Although older investors would accumulate


In texts aimed at high school, the sine and cosine functions are usually defined, and in general the trigonometric functions, in a geometric way. On the other hand, in Mathematical Analysis texts, sine and cosine are defined as functions which involve limits of certain series of powers. The purpose of this work is to prove that the two definitions are equivalent. The main idea is to do the proof rigorously but without losing the geometric appeal involving the use of the trigonometric cycle. We will also make a construction with a ruler and compass in order to locate (with a certain precision) the elements of the sequence of partial sum of the series that define cosine (or sine) on the cosine axis (or sine axis).


We show that the magnetic tunnel junction's coercivity (Hc) and anisotropy field (Hk) are linked to the stray field. This is shown by deliberately breaking the antiparallel configuration in the synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) reference layer to obtain changes to the stray field. Experimentally, Hc is larger in the low-Ho magnetic configuration with a normal SAF than in the high-Ho configuration with parallel-aligned SAF layers. Simulations reveal that the Hc reduction comes from the magnetization of the free layer tilting in-plane at the edge, which in turn is due to the large in-plane component of the stray field. Fitting the switching field distribution into the thermal activation model, we also show a close relationship between the thermal stability of the bi-stable switching, the anisotropy field (Hk), and the stray field. While it is possible to reduce Ho to zero with careful choice of the thickness of the SAF reference layers, the stray field at the edge cannot be fully eliminated.


Purpose – Since several food crises have strongly affected the production of animal food products, food safety has become one of the most important aspects of quality products for both consumers and retailers. The aim of this article is to analyse how the health crises have contributed to increasing the segmentation of the supply of fresh and little‐processed food products under the impetus of a reinforcement of regulations (affecting the supply chain as a whole) and of strategies adopted by the stakeholders.Design/methodology/approach – The authors carry out an empirical and comparative analysis of the reactions of two neighbouring countries (Spain and France) faced with major health crises caused by similar events: the emergence of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) cases. A special focus is made on the initiatives taken privately by two French retail groups (Carrefour and Auchan) operating in both countries.Findings – The analysis shows that retailers have developed systems of quality insurance dev...


The vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) offer additional opportunities for the development of intelligent transportation. Network-connected vehicles can help drivers adjust their driving environment and improve overall road safety by accessing information such as maps, signal status and road conditions. Due to the open nature of the communication channel, it is necessary for the receiving vehicle to verify the source and integrity of the message. Most of the existing researches are based on PKI certificate authentication model. However, there are some problems in this model: the distribution, storage and revocation of identity certificates need to consume a lot of vehicle resources, and the centralized structural framework cannot form an effective supervision of node operation. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes an identity authentication mechanism based on blockchain and zero-knowledge proof. In the blockchain structure composed of fog nodes, vehicles only need to store the generation seeds of communication pseudonyms to complete the communication within the coverage of fog nodes, which can effectively reduce the resource overhead caused by pseudonym distribution and revocation. Security analysis shows that our scheme can meet the security requirements of VANETs, and performance analysis shows that our scheme is better than existing schemes.


2,4-Dichlorophenylbutanone was synthesized with m-dichlorobenezene and n-butyryl chloride via Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction mechanism. The factors of reaction such as temperature of dropping, reaction temperature, reaction time and the ratio of the raw materials were discussed in detail. The optimum reaction condition was found. When the molar ratio of AlCl3:n-butyryl chloride was 1.3:1, n-butyryl chloride was added at 0-10℃, reaction temperature was 100-110℃ for 8h, the yield ratio of 2,4-dichlorophenylbutanone was improved from 38% to 65%.


Manual on Alcoholism, by the American Medical Association (prepared by 13 contributors, Committee on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, and Council on Mental Health, Robert J. Shearer, ed.), 95 pp, paper, 50c, Chicago: American Medical Association, 1967. If you want a job well done, somebody has said, turn it over to a busy man; the other kind has no time. Another general rule: if you want a job poorly done, turn it over to a committee; performance, the rule goes, will be inversely proportionate to committee size. But, as exceptions to this rule, we have two new books, Alcohol Problems , and the American Medical Association's new Manual on Alcoholism . Both are the products of group effort, and both are commendable by any standard. The committee responsible for Alcohol Problems , the Cooperative Commission on the Study of Alcoholism, was composed of 17 prominent physicians and scholars and sponsored by the National Institute


Language taboo is a kind of taboo,including objects of worship Ling language(language fetishism) and the disabled and the alternative language.Language is a taboo in the low productivity conditions,the nature of certain phenomena arising from lack of understanding.This reflects the root causes of the different types of language taboos phenomenon.Language is the most important cultural information carriers,language and culture is a symbiotic co-existence.Different nations have different language taboos,and language taboos also permeated with people of different cultural psychology.Taboo language is not static,with the development of the times and changing.Language taboos with the development of the times and constantly updated to exist down.


SiO_2nanoparticles were prepared by in-situ modificationmethod. The morphology, structure, and thermodynamicproperties were studied by TEM,XRD,FT-IR and TG/DTA. The oil dispersibility in organic solvents was evaluated. The results showed that the silica nanoparticles had a good oil dispersibility in diesel oiland paraffin oil. The core driving experiment proved that the nanoparticles can enhance the water permeability rate effectively.


The results for efficient tertiary and primary amine functionalization of polymeric organolithium compounds in hydrocarbon solution at room temperature are described for termination reactions with N-trimethylsilylbenzophenone imine, 3-dimethylaminopropyl chloride and 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-(3-chloropropyl)-1-aza-2,5-disilacyclopentane. Functionalizations with the functionalized initiator, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-(3-lithiopropyl)-1-aza-2,5-disilacyclopentane are presented. Conditions for quantitative amine functionalization were observed for all of these reactions and reagents.


This essay highlights the relationship between the motivational factors for singing develop- ment and improvisation, as a notion and an instrument. I have implemented qualitative interviews and obs ...


Prostate specific antigen(PSA)is now a wildly used tumor marker that aids the diagnosis of prostate cancer.The efficacy of PSA,age specific PSA,PSA velocity,PSA density and free-to-total PSA ratio in detecting prostate cancer.


Lindström – Gessel – Viennot theorem connects linear algebra and combinatorics with graph theory. We will present proof of LGV theorem and its application on Cauchy – Binnet and generalized Cauchy – Binnet formula as well as calculation of binomial determinants and some other specific determinants.


The effect of repeated melting of the mother ingot on the thermal stability of a Zr60All5Ni25 glassy alloy was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experimental results indicate that after the repeated melting of the ingots at 1300 and 1580 K, the glass transition temperature Tg in.eases from 686.4 to 690.7 and 696.8 K and the onset temperature of crystallization Tx from 757.9 to 758.6 and 763.4 K, respectively, indicating that the thermal stability becomes higher after the repeated arc melting of the mother ingot and that it is more effective at higher temperature. Within the framework of structure heredity, the origin of the improvement of the thermal stability of Zr60AllsNi25 bulk glassy alloy is discussed.


Consumers' knowledge about electrical facts and hazards in the home was examined to determine whether their understanding of certain aspects of electricity are complete and accurate. Eighty-two college students (who are better educated that most of the population) were surveyed. Results indicated the presence of erroneous assumptions and gaps of knowledge about electricity. These gaps and false beliefs could lead to unsafe behavior. Results have implications for the design of electrical products, education and training, consumer awareness programs, and warnings.


We have correlated the results of real time spectroellipsometry (SE) and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of surface roughness on amorphous semiconductor thin films. Roughness layer thicknesses deduced from real time SE, using a conventional approach based on the Bruggeman effective medium theory, closely obey a relationship of the form: ds(SE)≊1.5 drms(AFM)+4 A, for 10≤dS(SE)<100 A, where drms(AFM) is the root‐mean‐square roughness from AFM. The slope and intercept of this relationship provide insights into the origin and interpretation of the optically deduced roughness layer thicknesses.


The use of datalink communication in the VHF avionics band is increasing. This expansion increases the opportunity for interference between a datalink transmitter and a co-sited conventional AM type receiver for voice reception. The interference is audible by the pilot using the AM receiver and takes the form of periodic or aperiodic noise bursts or clicks heard over incoming voice traffic. Signal processing techniques can subjectively eliminate or greatly reduce the interference caused by simultaneous voice and datalink operations. This paper describes a method that has been used to demonstrate the technique.


A comparison of spirometric values in divers and submariners of the Royal Navy and their physical characteristics was undertaken. Four hundred and twenty-two subjects were included in the study, of whom 192 were divers and 230 submariners. Measurements of forced vital capacity (FYC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEY1) and FEY1/FYC ratio were made using a single breath wedge spirometer (YitalographR). The data was analysed by multiple linear regression and analysis of variance. FYC and FEY1 increased with height and decreased with age though inclusion of a quadratic age term showed that the decline with age did not begin until the mid-thirties, casting doubt on the validity of predictive equations which assume a linear decrease from age 25. The divers had significantly larger lung volumes than the submariners though in the former this did not correlate with either experience or job classification. The FEY1/FYC ratio declined with age in both groups. It was also shown that those individuals with a large FYC tend to have a relatively lower FEY1/FYC ratio than those with small FYCs. Predictive equations for both divers and submariners were calculated which are more appropriate for determining expected values for the two groups than hose currently in use.


Basal stem rot disease (BSR) has been certainly found in the black pepper plantation in Indonesia. In Lampung, Indonesia,  the disease is a major constraint for increasing pepper productivity. This study aims to suppress BSR disease by utilizing coffee waste compost enriched by beneficial bacteria. The beneficialbacteria isolated from the rhizosphere and pepper plant tissues. The bacteria selection based on their ability to dissolve P, K, to fix N, and antagonistic to Phytophthoracapsici in vitro. Selection of isolates that the number of bacteria isolates that can be isolated were 187isolates, and 87 isolates of them can be used as an antagonist and dissolved nutrients. Then,only 15 of selected bacterial isolatesweregrouped in 3 formulas based on the great ability as antagonist and nutrient dissolving. Each formula consist of 5 isolatesas bioactivatorsenriched in coffee waste compost that to be used in the field test. In the field tests, the utilization of coffee waste compost enriched with beneficial bacteriaformula 2 could suppress BSR disease severity until 97.85%. Plant resistance indicated by increasing of dehydrogenase and peroxidase concentration in plantswere treated by all compost and formulas. The use of coffee waste compost enriched by bioactivator also could improve plant growth in all treatments compared to control.


A photoconductivity with a rather long decay time ({congruent}0.3 s at 290 K) is observed in a carbon material that is characterized by its huge specific surface area (1000 m{sup 2}/g). The decay time is temperature dependent at low temperatures ({lt}100 K) with a small activation energy (3--5 meV), and is also dependent on the illumination power. A decrease in the mobility of the carriers during the illumination is strongly suggested. The relaxation of dangling bonds on the large surface area is proposed as the mechanism to screen the Coulomb attraction among the photocarriers and to build a recombination barrier, resulting in the long decay time. This photoconductivity is considered to be an effect analogous to the persistent photoconductivity in semiconductors, although some apparent differences are also observed.


Discuss the standardized management of immunohistochemical quality control in our laboratory,Elaborated the details of standardized management of immunohistochemical quality control from three aspects in which pre-exper-iment, experimenting and post-experiment,according to our practice.Summarized the experience and understanding in the process of experiment,to improve the accuracy and reliability of the immunohistochemical detection resualts.


Introduction: Retrograde illumination of the glottis using an LED vein finder placed over the cricothyroid membrane produces a red-orange glow of light inside the airway that can be used to assist the intubator during videolaryngoscopy. The endotracheal tube can be guided through this red-orange glow illuminating the glottis and trachea. Patients and Methods: In this prospective, randomised, single-blinded study, a total of 200 patients posted for elective head and neck cancer surgeries were included. Patients were placed supine with their heads in a neutral position without a pillow. Intubation was done with The Anesthetist Scope videolaryngoscope in Group TI (transillumination) with an assistant holding the LED vein finder over the cricothyroid membrane. The glottic opening was identified by a red-orange glow within the airway and the intubation was performed. In Group C (conventional direct laryngoscopy), transillumination was not done during intubation. Exposure time was taken from the time when the patient's mouth was opened to the time when the best glottic view was obtained. Intubation time was noted from the introduction of the videolaryngoscope or conventional laryngoscope into the mouth, through successful intubation and identification of 3 complete capnographic waveforms. A total of three attempts were allowed for each patient. Results: The success rate was better in Group TI. Exposure time and intubation time were shorter in Group TI as compared to Group C. In three patients with carcinoma of the vocal cords, the glottic opening was identified only by retrograde light transmission from the vein finder. Conclusion: A combination of videolaryngoscopy and LED vein finder is an effective method to achieve a better success rate of tracheal intubation.


One hundred years ago, J.K. Fotheringham famously derived the "accelerations" of the Sun and Moon from the reports of 11 classical solar eclipses. We review critically the reliability of these eclipse reports and rework his diagrammatic method, treating the deceleration of the Earth's rotation as an unknown, rather than the "acceleration" of the Sun. There is some serendipity in his choice of the critical eclipses, which opportunely facilitated his derivation of seemingly accurate results for the accelerations.


We study intersections of projective convex sets in the sense of Steinitz. In a projective space, an intersection of a nonempty family of convex sets splits into multiple connected components each of which is a convex set. Hence, such an intersection is called a multi-convex set. We derive a duality for saturated multi-convex sets: there exists an order anti-isomorphism between nonempty saturated multi-convex sets in a real projective space and those in the dual projective space. In discrete geometry and computational geometry, these results allow to transform a given problem into a dual problem which sometimes is easier to solve. This will be pursued in a later paper.


Carbonyl-stabilized phosphonium ylides exhibit great utility in modern organic synthesis, and they are known as an ambident nucleophile at the carbonyl oxygen atom and at the α-carbon atom. However, they have found limited use as catalysts. We focused on the inherent nucleophilicity of the oxygen atom to develop an ionic nucleophilic catalysis, and the phosphonium ylide-catalyzed primary alcohol selective acylation of mixed diols with acid anhydrides has been demonstrated. Mechanistic studies revealed the behavior of a catalyst, which would contribute to the field of ylide chemistry.


It has been argued that increases in land values do not generally result from the owner's efforts, but rather from public investments and government decisions and are, therefore, "unearned." This paper analyzes how Inclusionary Housing has been utilized as a land value recapture mechanism in different countries. We distinguish four distinct models: 1) Countries with explicit recapture (Spain and the UK); 2) A country, Ireland, with explicit but limited recapture; 3) Countries where recapture is implicit or ambiguous (Italy, France and Canada) and 4) A country, the Unites States, where value recapture has not been part of the planning culture.


Machine direction MD and transverse direction CD actuators of the adjusted process for controlling the are disclosed in the sheet fabrication machine for producing single sheet of material. The process comprises measuring a plurality of sheet properties at regular intervals to collect sheet measurement data. Sheet measurement data is processed to establish a plurality of sheet property measurements sequence, that sequence is then mapped to a common resolution. Common resolution sheet property measurements sequence is combined into one larger one-dimensional common resolution measurement sequence. Past changes sequences common resolution measurement array and the actuator set value is used as input to the paper machine process model state observer, the current internal state to be estimated in the sheet manufacturing process is created. The sheet properties target sequence of a plurality of future are combined, and one goal sequences. Current internal state sequence deduced web manufacturing process, and paper machine process model is used to generate a predicted sequence of future sheet properties. The predicted sequence of the future sheet properties, and the target sequence, and the weight of the object function, and the last actuator set, and the hard constraints are input to the object function, which is adjusted for the sheet fabrication process by solving the function it is possible to obtain optimum modification of the actuator set value for the MD and CD control.


Objective: Exosomes acted as important role in tumor proliferation and tumor microenvironment modulation, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the inhibitory effect of CRC cells -derived exosomes in angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cell has not been fully discussed. In this study, the microRNA-183-5p (miR-183-5p) that promote the development of CRC, as well as the exosome secreted from the CRC cells were investigated. Methods: Microarray analysis was employed to determine the differentially expressed miRNAs. Exosomes derived from CRC cells were isolated and identified. Meanwhile, exosomes derived from CRC cells were isolated and then co-cultured with HMEC-1 cells to identify the role of exosomes in angiogenesis. Further, the effects of CRC cell-derived exosomal miR-183-5p on proliferation, invasion and tube formation abilities of HMEC-1 cells were assessed. The preventative effect of exosomal miR-183-5p in vivo was measured in nude mice. Results: It was found that FOXO1 was downregulated while miR-183-5p was upregulated in CRC. Additionally, the inhibition of miR-183-5p was suggested to suppress proliferation, invasion and tube formation abilities of HMEC-1 cells through upregulating FOXO1. Then, in vitro experiments demonstrated that CRC cell-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-183-5p contributed to an enhanced proliferation, invasion and tube formation abilities of HMEC-1 cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed the promotive effects of CRC cell-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-183-5p. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the CRC cell-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-183-5p aggravates CRC through the regulation of FOXO1. Additionally, exosomes overexpressing miR-183-5p might be a potential treatment biomarker for CRC. Citation Format: ANQUAN SHANG, Chenzheng Gu, Junlu Wu, Ping Ji, Zujun Sun, Dong Li. Colorectal cancer cell-derived exosomes containing miR-183-5p regulate angiogenesis via FOXO1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A001. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-A001


In the present work it is offered on the basis of the analysis of structure of system, schemes of its functioning to place in system of monitoring indicators points, the information about which will be accessible to the operator of system


The growth of big business in Sweden was closely interrelated with the rise of modern banking and a mixed banking system, as in other countries in Western Europe (Teichova 1992; Olsson 1991, 1993).2 In this context the question of the structure and role of interlocking directorates, connecting business and banking, becomes crucial in further exploring and thus understanding the interaction between banks and industry? However, until recently, there have been only a few studies in which Swedish interlocks are examined empirically, with the systematic use of such methods as those associated with the network approach. The aim of this article is to describe patterns of interlocking directorates in Swedish big business in the period between 1903 and 1939, with special emphasis on the position of the banks in a historical context. The role of personal networks and the structure and importance of interlocking directorates between business and finance are still a matter of debate in the social sciences. Mizruchi & Galaskiewicz (1993) review three different research approaches regarding interorganizational relations, '. . . the resource dependence model, the social class framework, and the institutional model* (Mizruchi & Galaskiewicz, 1993:46).4 They conclude that much of the work regarding interlocking directorates is actually based on more than one of these traditions, especially with regard to the resource dependence model and the social class model.5 The third of these approaches, associated with the institutional model, emphasizes historical factors in network analysis. Historically oriented approaches in the interorganizational field discuss the long-term development of interlocking directorates. In the United States, Bunting examines the existence of interlocking directorates between railway companies, insurance companies and banks during the period between 1816 and 1912 (Bunting 1983). William Roy studied a larger set of companies between 1886 and 1905 and concluded that the


To solve some of the problems of standard cosmology, the Absolute Parallelism (AP) space is used to construct alternative field theories other than GR. Four different field theories are being reviewed. The consequences of their cosmological applications are being compared with those of GR. The results are promising and show that more investigations, concerning this space, are needed, especially generalization of the singularity theorems.


The goal of this paper is to adapt a already known traffic forecasting methodology, based on statistical data processing in the field of wavelets, to the case of WiMAX networks, to predict where and when upgrading must take place.


This article provides community college administrators, as well as university faculty members who teach doctoral and master's courses in community college leadership, with a framework that facilitates ethical decision making. Administrators' decisions must be grounded in critical thinking that includes ethical considerations.


We have theoretically studied the emission-line width in Mn-composition modulated Cd1−xMnxTe quantum wires by using the multiband effective mass theory and fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The calculated emission-line width exhibits a broadening because of a statistical fluctuation in the magnetization of Mn spins in the exciton magnetic polaron. The line width is sensitive to both the temperature and the magnetic field in the Voigt configuration, which exhibits remarkable anisotropy depending on the external magnetic field direction. The anisotropic behavior is a typical feature of the one-dimensional system resulting from heavy-hole and light-hole mixing.


: We present a new approach to design the system of autonomous vehicles based on practical test scenarios in simulation. As the level of driving automation functions advances, various events and problems have occurred in many unexpected or unseen situations, so the design of autonomous driving systems is required to be more robust and sufficiently practical. We propose a Simulation Driven Development Process (SDDP) based on practical test scenarios in a simulation environment. We described the Euro NCAP test scenarios and harsh conditions using the ASAM OpenSCENARIO format and implemented them using the Carla simulator. We can verify how realistic and functional the system requirements are through the simulation results. It is also possible to derive numerical values optimized for Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) function safety from the simulation results, and we can get the requirements robust and improve ADAS performance by applying them to V-model. We created the Euro NCAP AEB-VRU test scenario to design an effective AEB function. We used RoadRunner to build the test road and used ScenarioRunner to render the test scenario written by ASAM OpenSCENARIO format according to Euro NCAP test requirement. The result of AEB-VRU has been investigated under normal conditions and harsh environments as well. This work shows that we can extend the safety of the AEB function by changing the vehicle speed according to situation perception, which indicates the possibility of utilization of a simulator for autonomous vehicle system design.


Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Schizophrenia (SZ). Moreover, increasing body of evidence suggests a complex connection of SNPs and epigenetic regulation of gene expression, which, up to now, is not fully understood. Integrative analyses that use genetic data from multi-omics studies to detect DNA methylation sites associated with gene expression and SZ phenotype might constitute a major approach able to elucidate how SZ-associated SNPs affect the disease traits throughout genetic regulation of transcriptional output. To test this hypothesis we performed an exploratory integrative quantitative association analysis to obtain summary statistics data for SZ severity associated SNPs and methylation sites of 10 drug-näıve SZ cases. We firstly identified a significant SZ-associated SNP (adjusted P < 8×10−8), located on a non-coding region of chromosome 16 downstream a lncRNA gene (Long intergenic non-coding RNAs), a type of genes known for being dysregulated in SZ. At a less restrictive significant P (< 0.01), we found 341 common genes to significant SNP and CpG SZ-associated sites. We further investigate the association of these genes with a previous SZ-RNA sequencing study containing a set of 200 up and down regulated genes. 16 genes were identified as being differentially expressed in SZ. Remarkably, 3 of them (SHANK2, SGK1 and TCN2 ) had been previously described in the literature


The effects of several factors , such as dispersants and solids loading on rheological properties of aqueous alumina - spinel slurries were studied . And the effects of monomers, catalyst and initiator on gelcast-ing of alumina - spinel system were studied. The results reveal that with 0.06 % weight of STP and SHP(1: 1) , 55% solids loading slurry with viscosity of 0.18 Pa·s was obtained. And when adding 14:1-15:1 AM/ MBAM, 0.24% TEMED and 0.4% APS , porous ceramics with porosity of 31.8% and volume density of 2.66 g/cm3 was developed. The results offer reference to prepare high porous Alumina-(3:1) spinel ceramics.


In order to reduce measurement errors with a laser feedback interference system measuring micro displacements of moving objects based on phase freezing technique,system errors induced by intervals of phase shift and vibrating amplitudes of reflecting surface were analyzed theoretically by means of MATLAB numerical simulation,interpolation and curve fit. In system experiments,interference signals produced by moving objects were collected and sampled by phase freezing principle so as to obtain multiple curves of optical power. Feature points were marked on the optical power curves to judge moving direction and reconstruct micro-displacement curves. Polynomial fitting based on the reconstructed micro displacement curves improved system measurement precision. Experimental results show that measurement resolution is superior to λ /20(77. 5nm) when fixed interval of phase shift is π /5 and wavelength of laser is1550 nm. The maximum absolute error of actual measurement of micro-displacements is 47. 98 nm and the average value of peak-peak errors is less than 1nm. Phase freezing technique provides a new solution for laser feedback interferometer system to identify directions and realize high precision measurement of micro-displacements.


Eco-industrial park is an important driving factor for China's economic and social development. The industrial planning is a crucial procedure for the construction of eco-industrial park,playing an important role on defining the function of the park. Experts attached importance on qualitative research,carried out different disciplines and methods on eco-industrial park planning. However,the planning of eco-industrial parks is a complex systematic issue,involving many aspects such as economy,environment and society,etc. Only by quantitative methods,based on practical situation,can the universal planning method be established. Furthermore,the planning issue will be resolved. From the view of quantitative analysis,this research tried to find scientific issues from facts,established a universal planning method,and constructed an optimization model on the industrial planning of the park. After that,a solution algorithm was proposed. Based on the current situation of industrial planning,two objectives,which are 'maximization of internal endogenous power demand in the later period'and 'maximization of economic development demand in the earlier period',were applied in the model,fully considering the coordination of long-term operation,sustainable development,economic development,costs and benefits,etc. After mathematic modeling,a method was worked out to calculate this multi-objective model,in which infeasible degree( IFD) was combined with NSGA-Ⅱ,forming NSGA-Ⅱ-IFD solving model. Taishan Eco-industrial Park in Tai'an was used as an example to verify the effectiveness of this model and algorithm. The result indicated that 1 the model and algorithm could be used to find proper Pareto optimization solutions( three in this research),forming the Pareto optimization frontier to help the decision maker with different objective preference to make decision; 2 unless the enterprise amount reached the upper limit,all enterprises in the same business line would be chosen,in accordance with the cluster effect of ecological industry chain.


Pain palliation with bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals is an effective and costeffective management tool in patients with advanced cancer metastatic to bone. The recent developments in bone matastastic disease management with radiopharmaceuticals is discribed. The mechanisms, characteristics, usages, clinical values as well as advantages and disadvantages are all reviewed,at the same time, the direction of further study is proposed.


Very recently, new techniques in the magneto-optical recording were proposed which promise the readout of domains smaller than the optical diffraction limit. For this purpose Gd–(Fe,Co) alloy films are used, which change their magnetization direction with temperature. In this experimental study for the first time spin reorientation effects in multilayers of Gd/(FeCo) and Gd/Fe were investigated with varying composition and periodicity. Both Gd/(FeCo) and Gd/Fe films show a compositional dependence of the anisotropy similar to a phase transition. An in-plane to perpendicular spin reorientation near the compensation temperature Tcomp can be obtained in rare earth rich films for small periodicities λ∼1.1 nm, but for increasing λ the anisotropy change occurs at temperatures different from Tcomp. The opposite effect, i.e., spin reorientation from perpendicular to in-plane, can be observed in transition metal rich Gd/(FeCo) multilayers but not in Gd/Fe multilayers. The anisotropy behavior and the reorientation ...


It is well established by recent observations that the universe is made up of 74 per cent dark energy and 22 per cent dark matter while the rest is ordinary baryonic matter. The nature and origin of dark energy and dark matter are still hotly debated. This is a vast interdisciplinary topic which is of paramount importance to modern particle physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this academic year 2011-2012 we propose two interconnected topics on this subject as research projects for a Master degree in theoretical physics. The third project we propose this year is to review lattice quantum chromodynamics and to attempt to write a corresponding Fortran code based on the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm. If time permits we will also discuss supersymmetric extensions of quantum chromodynamics.


The Swedish polyethylene-film maker Doxa Plast has introduced biobased stretch film made with Dow linear low-density polyethylene. Dow produces the polymer with ethylene made in a petrochemical cra...


The nonlinear Kelvin–Helmholtz instability of a horizontal interface separating two flowing superposed magnetic fluids of finite depths is described in the presence of a normal magnetic field. The fluids are taken to be incompressible and inviscid and the motion is assumed to be irrotational. The method of multiple-scale perturbations is used to obtain two nonlinear Schrodinger equations describing the behaviour of the perturbed system. The stability of the system is discussed both theoretically and numerically and the stability diagrams are obtained. The nonlinear cutoff magnetic field that separates the regions of instability from those of stability is also obtained.


The expanded need for surveillance data is impossible to realize if the current point-to-point approach continues. The ideal solution is a situation where each sensor publishes data on a broad network and each user subscribes to data based on some established rules. This is the surveillance data network (SDN) concept. It offers the benefit of better efficiency, higher scalability, more flexibility and potentially new ways for cross-agency information intelligence sharing. Unfortunately, none of the agencies with existing command and control nodes can afford, financially or in terms of performing their missions to shut down the current system and switch over to a new one. This paper presents strategy and a roadmap to transition from today's situation to the future SDN.


The use of high-speed applications put a high demand on the interconnects. Methods to investigate the distortion and crosstalk introduced by the interconnects is therefore crucial. Different techniques are available both at the design and at the verification stage of the printed circuit board. In order to determine the quality of a high-speed channel for different operating conditions the S-parameters could be utilized and processed in order to evaluate the performance. This paper presents an overview of a high-speed channel analyzed through the S-parameters utilizing a commercial tool. The performance of the channel and the different techniques are described.


— Fillers are used to improve various mechanical properties of polymers. However, conventional micro-sized fillers cause adverse effect on strength and ductility. In the present work, composites of epoxy are synthesized with non-functionalized and functionalized alumina platelets of polygonal shape having a thickness of 200nm and size in the range of 5-10μm as reinforcement by in situ polymerization technique. The platelets were functionalized using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS). Good dispersion of the platelets inside the matrix was observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Formation of Si-O-Al bond was indicated in Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) Spectroscopy of the composites having functionalized alumina platelets. Dynamic mechanical analysis of the prepared samples was performed to find out the dynamic moduli of the epoxy-alumina platelet composite. The inclusion of as received alumina platelets in epoxy matrix improves the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of the polymer whereas the improvement in storage modulus and glass transition temperature was moderate in case of composites having functionalized alumina platelets.


Moisture has a significant effect on the properties of concrete, and drying concrete in an oven is a common method to obtain specimens with different moisture content. In this paper, C30 concrete specimens with different sizes were oven-dried at constant temperatures of 60, 80, 105, 120, and 150 °C, respectively. The change of specimen mass, ultrasonic testing, and compressive and splitting tensile strength were tested before and after drying. The size effect and the size effect law (SEL) of concrete were analysed. The results indicated that the maximum drying rate and water loss ratio of the specimens with different sizes under the same drying temperature are basically the same. The larger the size, the longer the drying time. After drying, the concrete compressive and splitting tensile strength have increased to varying degrees, and the smaller the size, the greater the increase. For C30 concrete with different sizes, the drying temperature that has the minimal influence is 105 °C. The SEL was modified by introducing drying temperature, and the formulas were obtained after drying.


Survey evidence reveals that managers prefer to avoid dilution of earnings per share (EPS), though financial theory suggests it is irrelevant in firm valuation. We explore contracting and behavioral explanations for this apparent paradox using a large sample of debt–equity issuers. We first provide evidence that firms with greater agency conflicts between managers and shareholders are more likely to use EPS as a performance measure in bonus contracts. After controlling for possible endogeneity related to compensation contract design, we find that managers are more likely to avoid earnings dilution when their bonus compensation explicitly depends upon EPS performance. This effect is increasing in the magnitude of bonus compensation for this subset of firms; we document no such associations for the firms that do not use EPS in setting bonus pay. Additional tests of firms' speed of adjustment to target leverage ratios and firms' debt conservatism levels indicate that explicitly rewarding executives on EPS performance helps to resolve underleveraging problems. We also find that clientele effects are associated with managers' aversion to earnings dilution. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the factors that underlie the use of accounting performance in compensation contracts and new evidence on the implications of the contracting role of accounting in firm decision-making.


Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) cases are primarily driven by transmission, however, treatment failure and acquisition of drug resistance are still significant issues in drug sensitive TB cases. Study of gene expression in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolated from poor outcome patients may offer clues towards prediction of treatment response. In the current study, expression of five non-drug target genes (ppsD, embC, Rv1457c, Rv1687c and recB) previously identified to be associated with drug resistance was studied in clinical isolates from patients with different treatment outcomes to examine its correlation to treatment response and acquisition of drug resistance in Mtb. Our results show that expression of ppsD, a gene involved in synthesis of cell wall lipid PDIM, was significantly increased in patients who developed drug resistance during treatment and patients who were drug resistant at diagnosis. On the other hand in longitudinal isolates collected during treatment, ppsD expression decreased consistently in patients who responded to treatment and became culture negative, while it increased in patients who did not respond to treatment as indicated by their culture positive status towards the end of treatment. These results demonstrate that ppsD expression reflects treatment response in TB patients and hence can be potentially used as a marker for predicting treatment response. Additional longitudinal studies with a larger cohort of patients are required to establish application of ppsD expression as a marker of treatment response.


Hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals were synthesized from gypsum powder with diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution via microwave-hydrothermal treatment at 100°C, and their properties were studied. Gypsum powder could be completely converted to fine HAp crystals 30-300 nm long with 0.5M diammonium hydrogen phosphate at 100°C in 5 min. Compared to the formation of HAp crystals via conventional-hydrothermal treatment, microwave-hydrothermal treatment led to increased rate of formation (by two orders of magnitude).


The need to identify cardiovascular risk factors, including high blood pressure (BP), not only in adults but also in children and adolescents, is now more and more frequently acknowledged [1,2]. There was a time when the routine assessment of BP, as a part of pediatric well-child care, was questioned because of the low prevalence of hypertension and of the low immediate risk this condition carries to most children. Today, however, this attitude has deeply changed. At variance from a few years ago, it is now well accepted that BP values in children represent one of the most important measurable markers of cardiovascular risk later in life [3]. Moreover, there is an increasing awareness of the existence of a higher prevalence of essential hypertension than initially expected among children and adolescents, and the recognition that BP tracks from childhood into adulthood facilitates the identification of children at risk for the development of essential hypertension as adults [4].


The decision to migrate is not a one-way choice, as many migrants return to their countries of origin after varying periods of time. Return migration can be coercive and voluntary, it may entail a ban from re-entry into the destination country and/or accompanied by incentives and practical support in the country where migrants return. After a brief examination of the controversial way in which return migration is dealt with in the UK, this paper looks at some examples of returning migrants provided by the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The cases examined are then connected to campaigns that pursue reparation for slavery, leading the conclusion that a combination of successful returns and global reparation would alleviate the concerns allegedly caused by contemporary international migration.


PURPOSE: A contents sharing system using a push server and a method thereof are provided to transmit contents to authenticated clients connected to a home network at the same time, thereby allowing the clients to play the content at the same time. CONSTITUTION: A push server(110) executes a control point and provides a user interface screen to a user and executes a universal plug and play server program. The push server transmits contents selected among contents including a still image, audio, and moving pictures stored in the push server or an external device to client devices(CL1~CLK) selected by a user at the same time. The client devices execute a universal plug and play client program(CP1~CPK). The client devices which receive the contents from the push server play the content at the same time. [Reference numerals] (101) DLNA home network; (110) Push server(DMS); (112, 142) Memory; (113) First interface unit; (114, 143) Second interface unit; (115, 144) Output unit; (116, 145) Input unit; (117, 146) Wireless communication unit; (118) Control point; (119) UPnP server program; (120) Wireless AP device; (130) Outer device; (CL1) Client device(DMR or DMP); (CP1, CPK) UPnP client program


Cassava starch is a functional ingredient largely used in the food industry. This work reported the discovery of the first natural waxy cassava genotype (AM206-5) in CIAT, Cali, Colombia. SDS-PAGE demonstrated abnormality in the GBSS enzyme in the starch AM206-5. No change in starch granule size or shape was observed in comparison with normal cassava starch. Colorimetric and DSC amylose content for AM206-5 showed (3.4%; 0%) in comparison with normal cassava starch (19.7%; 19.0%) respectively. Paste clarity (61% vs 50%). Wavelength of maximum absorption (?max), (535 nm vs 590 nm), Pasting properties (RVA 5%): Pasting temperature (67.4°C vs 63.9°C) ; Maximum viscosity (1119 cP vs 954 cP) ; breakdown (631 cP vs 479 cP). swelling power ( 54.7% vs 40%), solubility(8.8% vs 7.3%), at 90°C. All analysis reported converge to support the hypothesis that genotype AM206-5 has amylose-free (waxy) starch. The evaluation of gel stress resistance was also compared with other industrial roots, tubers and cereal starches. Acid, alkaline, and shear resistance of waxy cassava starch were similar to normal cassava except for alkaline pH, at which it showed a lower effect. Gels from normal root and tuber starches (potato, cassava) after refrigeration and freeze/thaw had lower syneresis than cereal starches (maize, rice). Gels from waxy starches (except for potato) did not present any syneresis after 5 weeks of storage at 4°C. Waxy cassava starch was the only one not showing any syneresis after 5 weeks of storage at -20°C. Natural waxy cassava starch is, therefore, a promising ingredient to formulate refrigerated or frozen food. CIAT is producing new waxy genotypes especially for Thailand, and Brazil the biggest world cassava starch producers. In a recent selection 25% of large segregating populations (>11 500 genotypes) were waxy. Agronomic evaluation is underway for a release of a waxy starch variety for Thailand. (Resume d'auteur)


Distance protection of overhead lines is widely used and is continually being improved. However, the distance protection cannot work stably and is blocked in several electromechanical transients. Additionally, a non-linear arc can affect the stability of the distance protection in case of a short-circuit. The authors consider ways to improve distance protection during such transients. In particular, this paper proposes the use of synchronized phasor measurement technology to improve the efficiency of distance protection. This paper considers a new approach for the analysis of electromechanical and electromagnetic transients in a power system using process synchrophasors. As examples, cases of a short-circuit in a line with oneway and two-way powers are considered. The authors consider the influence of a non-linear arc at the fault point and consider the possibility of the coincidence of the electromechanical and electromagnetic transients. The result is a new algorithm for operating distance protection, an improvement in the parametric method for determining the location of line damage. The calculations performed and mathematical modeling confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Perhaps the imbalance is due to Wood's need to demonstrate the place of these writers in the historical development of political economy. This part of his work, which he calls his thesis, is developed at each step. He leaves little room for doubt about the early Tudor role in forming theories of the state and its economic capacities. But he does not do as well in telling us how or why they developed. If Wood had not mentioned these questions in the preface and hastily attempted in the conclusion to answer them, I would have had no idea that he had even asked how and why these new ideas developed. And I would have been satisfied. The main thesis is argued well and is enough of a contribution to scholarship. Asking how and why seems to be an afterthought, one that confused an otherwise clear and valuable piece of scholarship.


This paper offers an analysis of a British government publicity campaign during the third national lockdown, which began in England in January 2021. When it came to enforcing lockdown rules, the government's messaging in the Linguistic Landscape (LL) and elsewhere focused on individualising responsibility for the pandemic. This framing favoured the political interests of the government by apportioning blame for the highest death toll in Europe to the British public's reckless behaviour, which conveniently elides the government's own role in the crisis. Drawing on data from social media and the LL, I analyse the publicity campaign according to a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis approach, taking into account the multiple semiotic systems employed to communicate the campaign's underlying neoliberal ideology.


In the article the essence of concepts "speech creative activity", "model speech creative activity development" has been analysed, as well as it presents the structural and functional components of the methodical model speech creative activity development of schoolchildren.


British banks have long attached great importance to capital. Currently they are subject to greater scrutiny and regulation on this issue than ever before. However, it was not until the disclosure of 'hidden reserves' in 1970 that a true picture of British banks' capital emerged. This article uses archival evidence to reveal the capital ratios of several major banks for much of the twentieth century, and demonstrates how these ratios were influenced by official restrictions. Overall the banks maintained much higher levels of capital than implied by their published accounts, although the impact of official restrictions was to force them to operate with lower capital ratios than they desired. But it is argued that capital ratios were neither achieved nor maintained at the expense of reduced or less risky lending.


In EdgeAI embedded devices that exploit reinforcement learning (RL), it is essential to reduce the number of actions taken by the agent in the real world and minimize the compute-intensive policies learning process. Convolutional autoencoders (AEs) has demonstrated great improvement for speeding up the policy learning time when attached to the RL agent, by compressing the high dimensional input data into a small latent representation for feeding the RL agent. Despite reducing the policy learning time, AE adds a significant computational and memory complexity to the model which contributes to the increase in the total computation and the model size. In this article, we propose a model for speeding up the policy learning process of RL agent with the use of AE neural networks, which engages binary and ternary precision to address the high complexity overhead without deteriorating the policy that an RL agent learns. Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) and Ternary Neural Networks (TNNs) compress weights into 1 and 2 bits representations, which result in significant compression of the model size and memory as well as simplifying multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations. We evaluate the performance of our model in three RL environments including DonkeyCar, Miniworld sidewalk, and Miniworld Object Pickup, which emulate various real-world applications with different levels of complexity. With proper hyperparameter optimization and architecture exploration, TNN models achieve near the same average reward, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) performance as the full-precision model while reducing the model size by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared to full-precision and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared to BNNs. However, in BNN models the average reward drops up to 12% – 25% compared to the full-precision even after increasing its model size by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We designed and implemented a scalable hardware accelerator which is configurable in terms of the number of processing elements (PEs) and memory data width to achieve the best power, performance, and energy efficiency trade-off for EdgeAI embedded devices. The proposed hardware implemented on Artix-7 FPGA dissipates <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$250~\mu \text{J}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> energy while meeting 30 frames per second (FPS) throughput requirements. The hardware is configurable to reach an efficiency of over 1 TOP/J on FPGA implementation. The proposed hardware accelerator is synthesized and placed-and-routed in 14 nm FinFET ASIC technology which brings down the power dissipation to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.9~\mu \text{J}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and maximum throughput of 1,250 FPS. Compared to the state of the art TNN implementations on the same target platform, our hardware is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.2\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> if technology scaled) more energy efficient on FPGA and ASIC, respectively.


The invention discloses a semi-automatic jacketing machine for cylindrical lithium batteries. The semi-automatic jacketing machine can effectively solve the problems that when manual operation is adopted, the jacketing operation is difficult, the efficiency is low, locating is inaccurate and the attractiveness is low after thermal shrinkage. The semi-automatic jacketing machine comprises a battery cell tray mechanism and a jacketing mechanism, wherein the battery cell tray mechanism and the jacketing mechanism are connected in a hinged mode. The battery cell tray mechanism comprises a battery cell tray installed on a base, a plurality of accommodating holes are distributed in the battery cell tray, and limiting rings limiting battery cells are arranged in the accommodating holes. The jacketing mechanism comprises a sleeve tray and a push rod tray, a sleeve drive unit is connected between the sleeve tray and the push rod tray, the sleeve tray is provided with vertical columns corresponding to the accommodating holes, openings are formed in the peripheries of the vertical columns, punched holes are formed in the positions, with the openings, of the sleeve tray, and push plates are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the positions of the punched holes, of the push rod tray. The semi-automatic jacketing machine has the advantages that the positions of sleeves can be adjusted, locating is accurate, the operation efficiency is high, the automation degree is high, and the influence of human factors to the appearances and the quality of the battery cell sleeves can be avoided.


Transition of productive irrigated rice fields into other forms makes agricultural sector have to optimized using its field. Purpose of study was to determine application rice-shrimp technology on soil chemical properties, rice productivity, and economical feasibility. Treatments applied were U1 = Control/technology used by local farmers, U2 = Rice-Shrimp cultivation by shrimp population 4,000 tails, U3 = population 6,000, U4 = population 8,000, U5 = Shrimp population 4,000 + rice husk 400 kg, U6 = population 6,000 + husk 400 kg, U7 = population 8,000 + husk 400 kg. The research design was completely randomized block and replicated three times. Results showed number of shrimp populations did not significantly affect to change soil pH, Eh value, level of Fe, and Mg, but had a significant effect on C-organic, N-total, available P and K, CEC. Application of husk as 400 kg and shrimp population up to 6,000 tails had a significantly effect on the number of tillers, grains per panicle, fresh biomass weight, rice yields up to 43.26% and net profit up to 269.14% compared to control by BC and RC ratios are 1.92 and 2.93, respectively while MBCR is 3.34. It means rice-shrimp technology on Bantul classified as feasible.


In this modern society where large number of humans follow a sedentary lifestyle following an 8 hour job cycle, cardio vascular diseases or heart diseases is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The computers at the hospitals of the healthcare industries are used to collect huge amounts of information regarding the patients and their ailments. This huge repository of information contains wealth of knowledge. The hidden patterns and relationships in the data is mostly overlooked. Diagnosing cardio vascular diseases in patients is a difficult task and doctors who can accurately predict such diseases are few in number. This research paper focuses on developing a prediction algorithm with the help of data mining and optimization techniques. Data Mining refers to using a variety of techniques to identify information or decision making knowledge in the database and extracting these in a way that they can put to use in areas such as decision support, predictions, forecasting and estimation. We will be using the Particle Swarm Optimization technique which is an inherently distributed algorithm where the solution for a problem emerges from the interactions between many simple individual agents called particles. The data source we have used for experimental testing are commonly used and considered as a de facto standard for heart disease prediction reliability ranking. We will also be using a slightly modified version of PSO with constriction factor called Constricted PSO. The results obtained show that Particle Swarm Data Mining Algorithms are competitive, not only with other evolutionary techniques, but also with industry standard algorithms, and can be successfully applied to heart disease prediction.


Glass matrices were selected to immobilize fission products because glass is capable of chemically incorporating a wide spectrum of elements within a single matrix. Some of these elements can be found at different oxidation states. The redox equilibrium constants of multivalent species can be used to develop thermodynamic models for a better description of nuclear glasses. Some of the multivalent species loaded in nuclear glass, such as iron and sulfur, have already been a subject of investigation by conventional glassmakers or geochemists in the earth sciences. Other redox species more specifically related to nuclear glass, including cerium and ruthenium, have also been investigated. These studies have demonstrated the advantages of using electrochemical techniques, voltammetry and potentiometry, to determine the equilibrium constants. Oxygen potential measurements are also particularly suitable for characterizing the redox state of the multivalent dissolved species in molten glass.


In the development of technical studies in whichvariables related with information geographical anddiverse implicit quantitative parameters are involvedare susceptible of being treated using technical ofgeoprocessing tools which facilitate in great measurethe obtaining of derived products. For the case of thepresent study, the obtaining of the Map of Vulnerabilityto the Contamination of an Aquifer uses the techniquedenominated Algebra of Maps. In this process to eachparameter mapped are assigned numeric values to beable to be used in an equation whose solution will bethe derived product of interest, at the end, this numericresult is changed in polygons defined accordingto the resulting values obtaining this way the newcartography.


Activation of T cells requires a global surge in cellular protein synthesis, accompanied by a large increase in translation initiation1–4. A central component of the translation initiation machinery–the multi-subunit eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3)–is rapidly turned on when quiescent T cells are stimulated3. However, the precise role eIF3 plays in activated T cells is not known. Using a global transcriptome crosslinking approach, we show human eIF3 interacts with a distinct set of mRNAs in activated Jurkat cells. A subset of these mRNAs, including those encoding the T cell receptor (TCR) subunits TCRA and TCRB, crosslink to eIF3 across the entire length of the mRNA. The TCRA and TCRB mRNAs do not co-localize with translationally repressed environments of P-bodies or stress granules but form distinct granules, potentially acting as translation "hot-spots." T cell activation through CD28 causes a burst of TCR translation controlled by elements in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of the TCRA and TCRB mRNAs that directly contact eIF3 and that are required for T cell activity. These results highlight a new role for eIF3 in regulating the translation dynamics of the TCR and provide insights that can guide the engineering of T cells used in cell immunotherapy applications.


In recent years much research concerned with biometrics, using parts of the human body, have been reported. The human face is most widely used in daily life for personal identification. Information obtained from the human face shows the person's authentication and intentions, and thus the human face is an important site. Especially the direction of a face is used to measure the interest of a candidate person, or the compensation process of personal authentication. Posture estimation mostly by the conventional technique had only used a 2-dimensional (2-D) picture, or only used 3-dimensional (3-D) data. However, there was a problem. The posture estimation at a fine angle was inaccurate for posture estimation when only using the 2-D picture and in posture estimation have to use a special movie camera only using the 3-D data. Moreover, the result may differ from the user intention because of inaccurate estimations when only using 2-D or 3-D data. The problems with only using 2-D pictures are that posture direction cannot be estimated because the lighting conditions are bad and the angles (facial directions), which can be estimated, are limited. And the problems with only using 3-D data is that it sometimes cannot adapt to rapidly changing image. This paper is a highly accurate, handy technique by estimating posture for 2-D picture using previously stored feature extraction 3-D reference picture. The rotation angle to be calculated can be decreased by using the forecast processing. Therefore, the posture estimation processing is accelerated. The feature of this technique is performing posture estimation with robust accuracy to an unfavorable condition. The bad condition of targeting by this technique is adaptable for spectacles, the dirt on lens, out of focus lens, and lighting changes


The invention discloses an environment-friendly and flame retarded rubber material of an inside liner of a fire hose and a preparation method thereof. The rubber material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene rubber, 10-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 0-8 parts of zinc oxide, 2-10 parts of thermal stabilizer, 15-20 parts of carbon black, 15-30 parts of white carbon black, 10-20 parts of citric acid plasticizer, 60-100 parts of aluminium hydroxide, 2-8 parts of adhesive, 2-5 parts of vulcanizing agent and 1.5-3 parts of co-vulcanizing agent. The method comprises the following steps of: placing the chlorinated polyethylene rubber, the thermal stabilizer, the magnesium oxide, the zinc oxide, the carbon black, the white carbon black, the aluminium hydroxide, the adhesive and the citric acid plasticizer into an internal mixer, mixing for 120-240 s, then adding the vulcanizing agent and the co-vulcanizing agent to continuously mix for 30-60 s, complementally mixing for 200-400 s on an open mill after discharging, and then pressing into sheet rubber suitable for processing on a tablet press.


The determination of free fatty acids contained within the alkyd resin was carried out for olive, safflower, and soybean oils and their fatty acids modified alkyd resins of oil length 40-70 %. The free fatty acid parts which was fractionated by TLC of the alkyd resin added the myristic acid (GLC purity of 100%) as interior standard substance for GLC was extracted by chloroform. Then, their methyl ester was analyzed by GLC for free fatty acid composition. The TLC conditions are as follows. developing solvent ; petroleum ether : diethyl ether : formic acid =70:30:2(vo1.) Indicator ; Iodine vapor Rf value of fatty acid part ; about 0.47 The contents of total free fatty acid were about 1 % for oil length 40% resin, and 2 3% for oil length 55-70 % resin, but there were no difference between the fatty acid modified and whole oil modified alkyd resins. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic and linolenic acids) in the free fatty acid composition contained within the alkyd resin was smaller than in the oil or the fatty acid of the raw materials. Moreover, it was found that in the fractionation by TLC of alkyd resin they showed different patterns between the pentaerythritol alkyd resin and the glycerol alkyd resin. 1-3, Chiwaka-ChO, Kanagawa-Ku, Yokohama, Japan


Systemic functional grammar proposed by M.A.K Halliday is one of the most influential linguistic schools in the world in recent years. The transitivity theory provides a new method and perspective for the analysis of lyric texts. This paper makes a transitivity analysis of the meta-function of previous Olympic songs in order to explore the functional meanings, reveal the regularity of their distribution process, genre characteristics, and test the applicability and operability of functional grammar in discourse analysis.


Adakitic rocks have important implications for the metalliferous mineralization. This paper introduces the nomenclature of"adakitic rocks", the distribution and tectonic settings of the adakitic rocks associated with metalliferous mineralization. The factors that the adakitic rocks are favorable for the metalliferous mineralization are discussed in detail at last. Similar to a subducted oceanic crust-derived adakite, the"adakitic rocks"are characterized by the following geochemical characteristics: SiO2≥56 wt%, Al2O3≥15 wt%, depleted Y (≤18×10-6 ) and heavy rare earth element contents (Yb≤1.9×10-6), high Sr (rarely400 ×10-6 ), negligiblypositive Eu and Sr anomalies, and depleted high field strength element contents. They can be generated in different tectonic settings and by different mechanisms. The favorable tectonic settings for the metalliferous mineralization include arc, within-continent extension, and active collisional orogenic belt between different continents. Many large and giant are closely associated with adakitic rocks, indicating that they have a huge metalliferous potential. In the arc and within-continent extension settings, the interaction between subducted basaltic oceanic crust, or sediments, or delaminated continental crust-derived melts, or released super critical fluids with mantle causes contamination of melts by mantle peridotites on the one side, and metasomatism of mantle peridotites by the melts or fluids with high Fe2O3 on the other side. Thus, the raised oxygen fugacity in the mantle causes metal sulfides to be decomposed, which is favorable for the Cu-Au mineralization.


I. INTRODUCTION She question is not what power the federal government ought to have but what powers in fact have been given by the people."1 Determining the division of power between the states and the federal government has been a debated issue throughout constitutional jurisprudence. Indeed, "[n]o problem has plagued the nation's constitutional history more."2 In joining the union, the states relinquished power to the federal government.3 The states were not left without power, as the Tenth Amendment guarantees that powers not enumerated to the federal government or restricted from the states are retained by the states.4 The broad language of the Constitution, however, has resulted in an ongoing debate over what boundaries should be placed on the power given to the federal government. Over one hundred years ago, the Supreme Court maintained the absolute sovereignty of both levels of government.5 In Texas v. White, Chief Justice Chase stated: "[I]t may be not unreasonably said that the preservation of the States, and the maintenance of their governments, are as much within the design and care of the Constitution as the preservation of the Union and the maintenance of the national government."6 Nevertheless, in 1947, the Supreme Court affirmatively asserted the federal government's authority over state courts. In Testa v. Katt, the Rhode Island Supreme Court had declined to resolve a case involving a federal penal statute, claiming that, based on state law, the action could not be heard by the Rhode Island courts.7 The Supreme Court reversed the state court decision and held that a state court may not refuse to adjudicate claims arising out of federal law.8 In doing so, the Supreme Court subjected state courts to "federal commandeering."9 State courts no longer had the authority to determine what cases they would and would not hear; instead, the dockets of state courts were subject to federal direction.lo Nevertheless, in New York v. United States" and Printz v. United States12, the Supreme Court removed both state legislatures and state executives from similar federal commandeering. Numerous scholars have analyzed and criticized the wisdom of these decisions, but have not subsequently reevaluated the meaning and precedential value of Testa.ls Now that state courts remain the sole branch of state government subject to federal commandeering, the Testa invasion of state sovereignty must be justified. Part II of this Note surveys the role of state courts, the relevant constitutional provisions, and the sovereignty retained by the states after the creation of the federal government. Part III examines each of the three paramount decisions involving federal commandeering: Testa v. Katt, New York v. United States, and Printz v. United States. Part IV compares the characteristics of state courts to those of the other two state branches, state legislatures and state executives. Part V analyzes the merits of the Testa decision, concluding that the Supreme Court erred in its analysis. Part VI then proposes that it may be the source of the commandeering that distinguishes the Testa decision, rather than the state government branch that is the subject of commandeering. The question remains why state courts are treated differently given this country's dedication to treating the branches equally and to avoiding improper allocation of power among the branches.l4 Part VII concludes that regardless of the unequal treatment of state courts which results from Testa v. Katt, Testa will likely remain a pillar of federalism and constitutionally derived doctrine. II. LEGAL AND HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS A. The Role of State Courts Although some commentators have argued that adoption of the Constitution created both the federal government and the states that comprise it,15 the states themselves clearly preceded the national government.16 As natural successors to the British colonies, the states' legal and territorial existence was established prior to the ratification of the United States Constitution. …