The present invention provides a method for generating by the method of the heavy oil upgrading is partially well site, the heavy oil having an API gravity of 20 or less in the thermal cracking of a well site, the method uses a thermal cracked residue as a fuel steam is recovered from the heavy oil reservoir. Pressure may be carried out at 0 to 0.1MPaG drum cracking reaction at a temperature of 370 to 440 ℃ 15-150 minutes via the thermal cracking while injecting stripping steam so as to produce heat in a liquid phase cracking reaction of the drum the oil separator as gaseous thermally cracked cracked oils from thermal cracking of the resid to obtain a thermal cracking oil product, with the proviso that in the starting heavy oil fraction having a boiling point of 500 deg.] C or higher degree of thermal cracking of 30% or more , liquid phase cracking reaction of the holding drum having 2.0 S- value or more.


Presented observation data from OSO-7 are shown to confirm the identification of IC 443 as an X-ray source, with a spectrum which is consistent with either thermal bremsstrahlung or a power law. These data lead to an age of 3400 years for IC 443, much younger than previous estimates.


Based on the characteristics of the truncated Painleve expansion method and the Exp-function method, new generalized solitary wave solutions are constructed for the KdV-Burgers-Kuramoto equation, which cannot be directly constructed from the Exp-function method. This work highlights the power of the Exp-function method in providing generalized solitary wave solutions of different physical structures.


Data on the 8.149- and 8.571-Mev levels in Si/sup 30/ are obtained by measuring with a multispectrograph the energy and angular distributions of protons emitted in the Si/sup 29/(d,p) reaction. (auth)


Chemical effects on the Kß/Kα X-ray intensity ratios for some first-row transition element compounds were studied experimentally and calculated. The vacancies in the K shell were created by 59.5 keV r rays from an 241 Am radioactive source and characteristic X-ray radiation from sample was measured by using Si(Li) and Ge(Li) detectors. The calculations were carried out using Brunner's model. The calculated relative Kß/K α X-ray intensity ratios are in good agreement with the present and the previously published experimental data. PACS numbers: 78.70.—g, 82.80.—d


The Communist Party and the Soviet State tirelessly take care of strengthening human health, his physical and spiritual development. One of the proofs of this concern is the continuous growth of budget allocations for health care. In 1940 they amounted to 0.9 billion rubles, in 1950 2.1 billion rubles, in 1968 they increased to 7.6 billion rubles. The skillful use of these funds is of great importance for the organization of the treatment of patients and the implementation of extensive preventive measures. The book of I. A. Gorokhover is of great interest to a wide range of health care organizers, planners and financial workers of medical institutions.


the article explores the distribution of functional load of polysemic words. The approximation of the experimental data based on different laws of distributions is carried out. Coefficients for formulae are selected and the statistic analysis of coefficients is carried out.


Rapid urbanization causes stress in limited water resources. Water managers need quantified streamflow as high, medium and low flow regions to assess and manage water resources. This requires calibrated and validated models together with a rationalized method for the selection of a proper model, components, data, temporal resolution, objective function, and performance criteria. The current preference is to use process-based models for streamflow modelling. The widely used process-based HEC-HMS 4.2.1 version model was chosen to simulate daily streamflow at Baddegama watershed (749 km2) while using 2007 to 2012 period for calibration, and 2013 to 2017 for verification. Simple canopy, initial deficit and constant loss, SCS direct runoff, and recession baseflow were selected as model components. Semi-automatic optimization was done with RMSE objective function. Model was calibrated and validated with RMSE of 3.0 mm/day and 3.5 mm/day. Model with RMSE value of 6.2 mm/day for high flows and 2.3 mm/day for medium flows indicate better capability of model on flooding management and water resource. The HEC model showed very good matching of daily flows in the high and intermediate regions but reflected a poor matching in the low flow region. Hence the use of HEC-HMS model for the considered regions can be recommended for flood and water resources management. The use of HECHMS for low flow management must be with caution.


The gametophytic and young sporophytic stages of Phyllariopsis purpurascens (C. Agardh) Henry et South (Phyllariaceae, Laminariales, Phaeophyta) were studied in cultures originating from isolated z...


The aim of this paper is to explore the reasons of oil price volatility. It analyses the information function of oil future market and investigates the relation between speculation and spot oil price in the short run. Furthermore, the paper produces a model for long run equilibrium able to produce reliable and reasonable oil price forecasts. Findings prove that in the short run, changes in oil inventories Granger cause changes in oil price. In the long run however, findings prove that, the oil demand, the oil supply, the $/SDR exchange rate, the speculation in oil future market (New York Mercantile Exchange) and the oil inventories are associated in a long run relationship. لامعلأا ةراد او ةيداصتقلاا مولعلا ةلجم 11


The Life Cycles of Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of the Eastern Ukraine. Second Report. — Martynov, A. V. — This article is the second report on the results of investigation of mayflies' life cycles in Eastern Ukraine. It is shown, that different methods should be used to determine the larval age of the representatives of different families. The paper presents data on life cycles of 18 mayfly species; the larval age structure change during a year for five of these species (Cloeon dipterum, Centroptilum luteolum, Paraleptophlebia submarginata, Ecdyonurus dispar gratificus and Ephemera vulgata) was investigated in detail in model waterbodies. The flight periods of imagoes of investigated species within the Eastern Ukraine are given. Some features of swarming in Leptophlebia marginata and Kageronia fuscogrisea are described. It is shown, that rare European species Metreletus balcanicus has monovoltine life cycle within the region, and overwinters at the egg stage (Us). It is established, that ovoviviparous Cloeon dipterum has 2–3 generations per year (MB-MP) within Eastern Ukraine; the voltinity depends mainly on water temperature in every concrete waterbody. The main part of population of monovoltine Ecdyonurus dispar gratificus overwinters as the egg stage, small its part — as the larval stage.


The current development of integrated modules in slurry treatment was presented,and its compositions and functions were also introduced.Taking the cases of projects at home and abroad,smaller area and higher effect of integrated modules were mentioned,which could provide reference for the choice of slurry treatments during slurry shield construction.


The paper dwells upon automatic voltage control of industrial grids carrying daily-variable loads. Modal automation tools can be used to solve energy saving problems in the energy complex of an enterprise. The solution can use grid APCS that implements local parametric automations at 3 to 10-kV substations. The system is able to control the steady-state parameters for a large number of circuit elements and provides multicriteria voltage control. The main criteria are power loss minimization and minimum wear of transformer UVR. The paper proposes reinforcement learning to optimize real-time UVR controls; reinforcement learning can generate control actions for the current time interval while adjusting them to the projected upcoming parametric changes.


The objective of this paper is to investigate the roughness of fracture crack surfaces of CT specimens. In the test, the CT specimens were loaded by a fatigue testing machine with changing loads until they were broken. The roughness of the fracture crack surfaces thereafter were measured by digital holographic interferometer (DHI), high. From the results, it was confirmed that DHI could measure the roughness of the various types of the crack surface. In this paper, finally a possibility to predict the magnitude of loads by roughness measurement of the fracture crack surface was proposed.


Ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau are particularly sensitive to climate change. Significant advances have been made toward understanding the effects of climate change on the vegetation productivity of the plateau by using satellite observations, but a comprehensive study including various satellite measurements has yet to be presented. Here, we analyze the spatiotemporal variability in Tibetan vegetation productivity using a variety of proxies, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Enhanced Vegetation Index, Near‐Infrared Reflectance of vegetation, and Solar‐Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence. First, in terms of productivity responses to seasonal climate variation, Near‐Infrared Reflectance of vegetation‐ and Solar‐Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence‐based growing season length had better correlation with eddy covariance site measurements and was ~50 days shorter than those of the other proxies. Second, all proxies, except the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index derived from Système Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre, displayed a dipole‐like trend pattern, similar to the observed north‐south dipole pattern of precipitation change. This result is explained by the finding that moisture is a dominant driver controlling the interannual variation in productivity. Third, we analyzed the long‐term responses of vegetation productivity to the precipitation regime and found four distinct productivity regimes, desert steppe, alpine steppe, meadow, and shrub/forests, indicating that Tibetan productivity varies with precipitation in a nonlinear way. The result offers insights into how Tibetan vegetation will respond to future climate change. Our results provide a multisatellite perspective on the impacts of climate change on spatiotemporal variation in productivity and suggest an urgent need to improve Tibetan productivity simulation.


Following the hypotheses of parasite-driven selection and MHC-based mating preferences the patterns of MHC (major histocompatibility complex) diversity of class IIB genes were investigated in males of common bream collected in the spawning period. The potential associations of MHC diversity and (1) fish condition status, (2) immunocompetence measured by spleen size, (3) sexual ornamentation measured by the number of breeding tubercles, and (4) metazoan parasite diversity were tested. Two allelic groups DAB1 and DAB3 were recognized using the nucleotide similarity and phylogenic analyses. The individuals expressed the alleles of one or both allelic groups; thereafter the individuals were classified in three groups: (1) expressing one DAB1 allele, (2) expressing two alleles of single lineage (DAB1 or DAB3) and (3) expressing the combined type of alleles (DAB1 and DAB3). The Monogenea was the most common group of metazoan parasites with the genera Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus reaching the highest abundance. The Digenea and Nematoda were the most common groups of endoparasites; among them the following species reached the higher abundance: Diplostomum spp., Cotylurus pileatus and Contracaecum spp. The abundance of ectoparasites (Monogenea and Crustacea) was positively related with sexual ornamentation confirming the mechanism of Hamilton-Zuk hypothesis. The expression of the single allelic type (DAB1 or DAB3) was connected with higher sexual ornamentation when comparing with the individuals expressing a combined type of alleles (DAB1 and DAB3). The results support the role of MHC in the view of the hypothesis of sexual selection of "good genes". The presence of any special DAB allele shared by the different individuals was not associated with parasite presence or diversity. The nucleotide diversity in individuals expressing a single type of alleles increased with the abundance of ectoparasitic Dactylogyrus spp. and Ergasilus sp. The level of nucleotide variability of the expressed alleles of a single allelic type was connected with decreased immunocompetence. However, the condition factor was higher in fish expressing the combined allelic type. The level of nucleotide diversity in the individuals expressing the alleles of combined type was not important for immunocompetence and parasitism. Those results suggest that a type of expressed alleles is an important key determining fish condition and level of parasitism when the combined type is favored before the single type.


LBL-7812 UC-95f C. a---' TID-4500-R66 h R .I JUN L\BRAHY /.\!'lD poe U MEN-rS SECTiON TWO-WEEK LOAN COpy I This is a Library Circulating Copy which may be borrDwed for two weeks. For a personal retention copy, call Tech. Info. Dioision, Ext. 6782 Environment Division A Discussion Of Heat Mirror Film: Performance, Production Process, And Cost Estimates B. P. Levin and P. E. Schumacher October 4, 1977


This project aims to build up a common ZigBee test framework. The common test framework can be used by teams developing devices using ZigBee. The objective is to reuse of the test infrastructure, test fixtures as well as to simplify the exchange of test engineers between teams. In this project, we have developed a test framework using the C# plugin architecture. We have developed a Hue Bridge plugin and an EWAC plugin, deployed them into the Bridge regression test and EWAC test. The existing test fixtures using the Bridge/EWAC plugins test interfaces have been used to validate the correct functioning of the plugins. We also have a design demonstration of a support function, e.g., the test configuration to be extendable to different test environments. The project results are an evolutionary step towards an unifying test framework among development teams.


The necessity for such specific work has appeared from the major concern regarding the accentuated de clining quality of lotic systems as providers of important ecologic services. The Cibin River basin in the Sibiu local ity area benefited in the last over a century from complex biological and ecological as sessment and monitoring studies, a fact which recom mends it as a good area for proposal of ecologic management elements regarding the local habitats. The historic qualitative and qu antitative dynamic of the riparian vegetation, vegetated islands, macrophytes , habitats, macroinvertebrates and fish alow the ex ist nce of a high resolution image about the status of the studied biocoenosis a nd h bitats and highlight the needed ecologic actio ns f r the rehabilitation of their ecologic structures (like restoring: meanders, hydr ological and morphological dynamic processes, ecoto nes, riverine sectors, floodplain sectors, river bed, banks, conection wit h adjacent wetlands and tributaries) for ecologic f unctions and services improovement.


PURPOSE: To improve fatigue resistance by subjecting an Ni-base superalloy having γ' phases at a specific ratio to a heat treatment under specific conditions, thereby forming the texture thereof to a higher particulate structure than heretofore. CONSTITUTION: The Ni-base superalloy having 40 to 70vol.% γ' phases and having a γ' solvus temp. and prescribed initial crystal grain size is held for at least 0.5 hour at a first heat treatment temp. of about 10 to 50°F below γ' solvus and is cooled down to at least about 200°F below the first heat treatment temp. at a cooling rate of about 20 to 200°F/hour. The coarse particles of γ' are concentrated at the grain boundaries and further the alloy is heated for at least 0.5 hour up to the second heat treatment temp. of about 10 to 250°F below the first heat treatment temp. and is rapidly cooled down to about ≤1200°F, by which the γ' phases in the crystals are finely dispersed. The alloy is heated for 1 to 25 hours up to 1200 to 1500°F to stabilize the γ' particles. The alloy which contains the coarse grain boundaries γ' and the fine γ' particles in the crystals, has the crystal grain sizes substantially equal to the initial crystal grain sizes and has the fatigue resistance characteristic is obtd. COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO


References Cadwallader, A., Castagana, B., & Dinwoodie, S. (2013). Designing a Stormwater Runoff Control System to Help Prevent Pollution of Flint Pond. Retrieved October 13, 2014, from https://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/Eproject-032513 084114/unrestricted/MQP_3.26.pdf , January 1). Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://ofmpub.epa.gov/waters10/attains_state.control?p_state=MA urk, R., Kraus, H., Bilderback, T., Hunt, W., & Fonteno, W. (2014). Rain Garden Filter Bed Substrates Affect Stormwater Nutrient Remediation. Web of Science, 49, 645-652. Stormwater Management Bioretention Basins. (n.d.). Retrieved December 9, 2014, from http://www.lakesuperiorstreams.org/stormwater/toolkit/bioretention.html Clean Water Act Section 303. (1972, January 1). Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/guidance/303.cfm Data Sampling Instruments 0 2 4 6 8 10


The present manuscript is about application of Itô's calculus to the moment-generating function of the lognormal distribution. While Taylor expansion fails when applied to the moments of the lognormal due to divergence, various methods based on saddle-point approximation conjointly employed with integration methods have been proposed. By the Jensen's inequality, the MGF of the lognormal involves some convexity adjustment, which is one of the aspects under consideration thereof. A method based on zero-entropy principle is proposed part of this study, which deviations from the benchmark by infinitesimal epsilons is attributed to an asymmetry of the reciprocal. As applied to systems carrying vibrating variables, the partial offset by the reciprocal of an action, is a principle meant to explain a variety of phenomena in fields such as quantum physics.


Multimedia technologies (such as Flash and QuickTime) have been widely used in online product presentation and promotion to portray products in a dynamic way. The continuous visual stimuli and associated sound effects provide vivid and interesting product presentations; hence, they engage online customers in examining products. Meanwhile, recent research has indicated that online shoppers want detailed and relevant product information and explanations [2]. A promising approach is to embed rich product information and explanations into multimedia-enhanced product demonstrations. This approach is called Multimedia-based Product Annotation (MPA), a product presentation in which customers can retrieve embedded product information in a multimedia context.


This paper presents two clustering algorithms based on α-divergence between memberships and variables that control cluster sizes: one is for spherical data and the other for categorical multivariate data. First, this paper shows that a conventional method for vectorial data can be interpreted as the regularization of another conventional method with α-divergence. Second, with this interpretation, a spherical clustering algorithm based on α-divergence is derived from an optimization problem built by regularizing a conventional method with α-divergence. Third, this paper connects the facts that the α-divergence is a generalization of Kullback-Leibler (KL)-divergence, and that three conventional co-clustering methods are based on KL-divergence. Based on these facts, a co-clustering algorithm based on α-divergence is derived from an optimization problem built by extending the KL-divergence in conventional methods to α-divergence. This paper also demonstrates some numerical examples for the proposed methods.


Neurofibromatosis type 1 is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene located on chromosome 17q. Case 1: A 1
year 7-month-old boy had progressive right ptosis which began when he was 19 months of age and numerous cafe-au-lait
spots. Case 2: A 28 years old woman presents: cafe-au-lait spots, one subcutaneous tumor on the left leg, a first degree
family member, who has NF1-malignant form. Molecular Genetic analysis consisted of: 1. Amplification of the entire
coding region of the NF1 gene. 2. Screening for deletions and duplications in the NF1 gene by MLPA analysis. Results:
Case 1: A heterozygous c.1719delT mutation was identified in exon 11 of the NF1 gene. Case 2: A heterozygous
c.6709C>T mutation was identified in exon 45 of the NF1 gene. Conclusions: The mutations founded in both cases
determined a truncated NF1 protein, which is disease-causing.


The Euphrates River passes through Nasiriyah, the largest city in southern Iraq. River basin is a major source of water supply for many purposes and provides fertile lands, which supports the develeopment of highly populated residential areas due to its favorable conditions (Black, 2016). Due to the primacy of water-borne trade, human settlements and industry have traditionally been stationed along rivers, estuaries, and coastal zones. The water quality of a river is a composite of various interconnected ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: June 9, 2021 Accepted: June 19, 2021 Online: June 29, 2021 _______________


The literature has documented a negative relation between investor recognition and expected returns. This negative relation is consistent with the prediction in Merton (1987, Journal of Finance 42, 483–510). This paper investigates whether the changes in investor recognition of acquirers around the time of the acquisitions can explain the post‐acquisition underperformance of acquirer stocks. Using a large sample of U.S. acquisitions from 1980 to 2010, this paper finds that investor recognition, proxied by the number of institutional investors and the number of common shareholders, increases significantly during acquisitions. Once the increases in investor recognition are controlled for, the "puzzling" long‐run underperformances of acquirers disappears.


Based on systematic theory and fuzzy theory, the principles of systematicness, scientificity, objectivity, comprehensiveness and operability are proposed which must be provided in constructing unconventional emergency capability assessment model. The application of hierarchy tree is used to set up hierarchy structure of emergency capability assessment index system. The weight of each assessment is determined by application of hierarchy analysis, and the unconventional emergency capability assessment model is constructed. From the fuzzy theory point of view, the evaluation diction is converted into the corresponding triangular fuzzy numbers. By using fuzzy arithmetic rules, the subordinate function is solved, and then the function is converted to the relevant rank language operators of emergency competence level. A simulation and verification is executed in a particularly city. The result proves that the study expectation is achieved through constructing emergency capability evaluation model which can be widely applied in the assessment of unconventional emergency capability to the local governments.


Rapid population growth in the world today is not simply attributable to ignorance, irrationality, and apathy of the poor or their lack of access to contraceptives. The fundamental reasons for population growth in the South and population decline in the North (apart from immigration from the South) lie in the evolution of industrial capitalism and Western imperialism. Contemporary international migration also has its origins in these historical developments.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


The library and information science discipline in the United States has thoroughly embraced distance education to deliver its courses and other curricular offerings. Courses ha ve been or are offered through a variety of mechanisms, some with deep historical roots, others are dependent upon new and emerging Internet technologies. Different distance education methods offer different opportunities but also diffe rent problems. This paper discusses the approach taken at one university – asynchronous Web course delivery – and the lessons we have learned from those experiences. Given our circumstances and opportunities, we have at times adopted alternatives to technological solutions, including hybrid courses and cross-listing of courses at sister institutions to meet student needs.


The invention relates to an early-maturing cultivation method for grapes. The early-maturing cultivation method comprises the steps of (1), planting; (2), yield-control cultivation, to be specific, the yield is 1500kg/mu; (3), fertilizing; (4) shaping for growth of grapes; (6) pruning in winter; (6) tip fruit management in summer. The early-maturing cultivation method has the advantages of being convenient to operate, ventilated and transmittable to light, small in disease damage, labor saving and low in cost and is suitable for popularization and application.


Thank you very much for downloading the psychology of sex offenders. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen novels like this the psychology of sex offenders, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer. the psychology of sex offenders is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the the psychology of sex offenders is universally compatible with any devices to read.


In Mars, the spirit of exploring an exciting and rewarding new frontier is alive. Mars not only offers a unique destination for exploration, but it is also a critical destination for the advancement of human society and preservation of humanity. The exploration of Mars will provide significant social and technological benefits to enhance life on Earth as well. International cooperation will not only be essential to the success of a human presence on Mars, but development of such interactions will jumpstart collaboration on global issues. The eventual commercialization of space holds tremendous opportunities for economic growth. Finally, there is an undeniable basic human need to explore and define our place in the universe. The overarching theme that ties together all of these reasons for exploration is to inspire and unite the global community to pursue a common cause that is much larger than disagreements over ethnic differences or national borders. Continuous inspiration of the public, the scientific community, and the community of Earth are required in order to explore Mars.


Summary form only given. A discussion is presented of the propagation of singularities, uniqueness questions, and other properties of the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation and the Kirchoff plate equation. A result previously obtained by the author (1985), which essentially gave an explicit solution to the boundary control problem for the plate equation u/sub tt/+ Delta /sup 2/u=0, is expanded upon to give a representation formula for a solution in a cylinder in terms of the Cauchy data on the lateral boundary. The relationship of the results to questions of controllability is examined.<<ETX>>


Several methods for detection changes in words semantics and appearance of new word meanings have been suggested. These methods use different techniques of estimating semantic distance between words. They are based both on neural network vector models and on simpler vector representations that use frequencies of n-grams including the studied words. This paper proposes a method for calculation the confidence interval of the semantic distance estimations obtained based on the frequency data of n-grams extracted from the large diachronic corpus. This task is complicated because the question about the law of distribution of frequency fluctuations of words and n-grams, despite a number of studies, remains open. The confidence intervals are calculated by statistic modeling using random permutations of n-gram frequencies. To test the proposed method, estimation of semantic distance between two Russian synonyms is used as an example.


A process for the hydrogenation of compounds comprising nitrile or nitro functional groups to amine, aminonitrile or aminonitro compounds is provided. The process can be a continuous process conducted in the presence of a heteroge neous hydrogenation catalyst in divided form and a basic compound. The reaction can be conducted in a stirred reactor comprising an external loop for circulating the reaction mix ture, allowing one portion of the hydrogenated products to be separated without withdrawing the catalyst, by using tangen tial filtration. The process may be especially useful in the hydrogenation of adiponitrile to an aminocapronitrile/hex amethylenediamine mixture.


Foreign language teaching for non-English major students is transforming from teacher-centered method of knowledge delivering into communicative approach based on student -centeredness, and students' function is placed on the central position of foreign language teaching. This paper, based on student-centered view, presents some analysis and discussions on students' factor, teachers' factor, factor of teaching material and language learning environment. The author believes that students' factor functions as the most important one in foreign language teaching; students' motivation of learning plays a very important role in foreign language teaching.


A field experiment with 7 treatments was carried out during rabi 2000-01 and 2001-02, at Kokriguda (tribal watershed) in Koraput district of Orissa, to find out the most appropriate integrated nutrient management system for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller nom. cons). Use of 50% recommended dose of fertilizers + vermi-compost 5 tonnes/ha (20.75 tonnes/ha) and 50% recommended dose of fertilizers + vermi-compost 2.5 tonnes/ha + farmyard manure 5 tonnes/ ha (19.7 tonnes/ha) produced significantly higher fruit yield over 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (19.06 tonnes/ ha). The latter was statistically at par to 50% recommended dose of fertilizers + 10 tonnes farmyard manure /ha (19.14 tonnes/ha). Again, water use efficiency was highest with 50% recommended dose of fertilizers + vermi-compost 5 tonnes/ha followed by 50% recommended dose of fertilizers + vermi-compost 2.5 tonnes/ha + farmyard manure 5 tonnes/ ha. These two treatments yielded net returns of Rs 60 025 and Rs 57 283/ha respectively, which owing to higher cost of vermi-compost and farmyard manure, were 5.5 and 10.6% lower than 100% recommended dose of fertilizers. However, soil properties like bulk density, organic carbon, available N and available P recorded after completion of the experiment were significantly improved under former treatments imparting sustainability to the soil. Thus on-farm production of vermi-compost is suggested for enhancing the net profit.


Green Mountain design software belongs to field observation system of three- dimensional seismic prospecting. According to geological, geophysical parameters and geographical conditions of surveying area, may be produced many kinds of observation system. In consideration of factors on interaction of different parameters, based on the demands of three- dimensional seismic prospecting project in Donghuantuo, and used Green Mountain design software, proved design circuit and control method of different pararmeters, set up special observation system, and reached prospecting purpose.


The 1972 and 1973 launched Pioneer 10 and 11 were the first missions to explore the outer solar system. They achieved stunning breakthroughs in deep-space exploration. But around 1980 an unmodeled force of \sim 8 \times 10^{-8} cm/s^2, directed approximately towards the Sun, appeared in the tracking data. It later was unambiguously verified as not being an artifact. The origin remains unknown (although radiant heat remains a likely cause). Increasing effort has gone into understanding this anomaly. We review the situation and describe programs to resolve the issue.


An integrating electret dosemeter is an analogue of a common ionisation chamber replacing one electrode by an electreto Using such dosemeters in personnel and environmental monitoring the radiation registration sensitivity as a function of kind and energy of radiation as well as of wall material and interelectrode distance is of interest© In the present work these values were determined theoretically and experimentally for incident X- and gamma rays and neutrons for a parallel plate chambero The chamber contains a corona-charged PTPE electret. In order to get high charge stability formation at elevated temperatures was studied.


The aim of this study was to investigate the biogeography of plant zonation in salt marshes on the Pacific coast of South America; to examine whether salt marsh plant zonation varies with latitude; and to explore the relative importance of climatic, tidal, edaphic and disturbance factors in explaining large‐scale variation in salt marsh plant community structure.


The decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the plant affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, will continue for a long time to come, but few young people are willing to take on the challenge because they tend to have the impression that decommissioning work is a post-accident cleanup. However, decommissioning is the most important issue for Fukushima and is of global importance.
 Therefore, the National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College (Fukushima KOSEN), which is located closest to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, established a council of cooperation and started the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning in cooperation with other National Institute of Technologies (KOSEN) to increase the awareness and interest in decommissioning among the young.
 The robot contest, themed on issues related to the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, has been held annually since 2016 for students of KOSEN across Japan, and the 7th Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning is scheduled to be held in December 2022.
 Although the ideas and robots developed by KOSEN students from all over Japan to solve the problems involved in the decommissioning will not directly contribute to future decommissioning work, the ideas and technologies learned can be used in other fields, and the participating students are expected to be active in a wide range of fields as well.
 This special issue contains review papers of the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning, development reports, and research papers on the robots developed. A total of eight papers are included: two review papers, two research papers, and four development reports on decommissioning robots designed by students.
 At the same time, we hope that young people in Japan and abroad will also become interested in the robots introduced in this special issue, and that the decommissioning work of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant will proceed safely and securely by combining the wisdom of the whole world.


Introduction: Low serum albumin in the chronic kidney disease population is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia has also been shown to be a risk factor for post operative complications in patients undergoing various surgical procedures. Children with chronic kidney disease often have low serum albumin, either as a result of inflammation, malnutrition or from urinary protein losses. Delaying transplantation until hypoalbuminemia is corrected may be the optimal strategy but this may not allow preemptive transplantation, the preferred strategy. There are no data in the pediatric renal transplant literature assessing how commonly children are transplanted with very low serum albumin (< 2.5 g/dL) and what its impact on post-transplant outcomes. The aim of our study was to answer these two questions. Methods: Records of all children receiving their first (standard criteria) kidney-only transplant in the US from January 2000-September 2010 were obtained from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN). Data collected included recipient and donor demographics, preoperative serum albumin (at time of registration), and variables related to the transplant itself. The primary outcome measure was graft loss. Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent effect of serum albumin on time to graft loss, controlling for patient, donor and transplant characteristics. Results: Of the 5,922 transplants, 302 (5.1%) had a very low serum albumin level at registration. Rates of transplantation with very low serum albumin varied significantly across the 11 OPTN geographic regions (Chi-square on 10 degrees of freedom=44.8, p< 0.01), with the lowest region transplanting 12 of 566 (2.1%) children in the very low serum albumin category and the highest transplanting 46 of 562 (8.2%). Serum albumin levels were inversely associated with graft failure. In the Cox proportional hazards model of time to initial graft failure (1067 events of 5,816 transplants under observation with an average follow-up time of approximately 3.3 years), each 1 g/dL increase in serum albumin was associated with a 20% reduction in risk of graft failure (adjusted hazard ratio =0.79, 95% CI: 0.73-0.86). Using categorical analyses of serum albumin in an otherwise similar model, both very low serum albumin level (< 2.5 g/dL) and low serum albumin (2.50 to 3.49 g/dL) were associated with higher adjusted hazards of graft failure of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.25-2.01) and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.08-1.43), respectively relative to the reference category of 3.50+ g/dL. Conclusions: Considerable regional variation exists amongst transplant centers in the US with respect to transplanting children with significant hypoalbuminemia. A very low serum albumin level is an independent risk factor for graft failure. Whether graft failure is a consequence of the low serum albumin or a reflection of a higher inflammatory milieu in such patients, needs to be explored. Transplant centers as well as patients need to be aware of this risk and make informed decisions regarding the optimal timing of transplantation, weighing the risks and benefits of prolonging wait times in patients with hypoalbuminemia while measures are instituted to help improve their overall health status. 1697


Abstract Under certain conditions the reduced product space JX of a space X has the same homotopy type as ΩΣX, the loop-space on the suspension of X. Several proofs can be found in the literature. The original proof [6] made unnecessarily strong assumptions. Later, in the last chapter of [3], torn Dieck, Kamps and Puppe gave a proof under much weaker conditions and showed that they could not be further weakened. The question then arose as to whether the reduced product construction could be generalized to provide combinatorial models not only of ΩΣX but also of Ω2Σ2X, Ω3Σ3X and so on. This was answered in the affirmative by May [10], using ideas of Boardman and Vogt [1], and the construction was further developed by Segal [11] and others. The present note, however, is not concerned with these generalizations. Its purpose is to give a simple proof of the original result, without striving for maximum generality, and to show that the same method can be used to prove an equivariant version of the reduced product theorem and hence a fibrewise version. Fibrewise versions of the reduced product theorem have previously been given by Eggar [5] and, more recently, by one of us [8] but it may be useful to have a relatively simple treatment which is adequate for the majority of applications.


The paper aims to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the application of FBG sensors in the engineering monitoring of large bridge,especially in the construction monitoring,and to explore new-type sensing technique applied in the construction monitoring of bridge.Basing on the life-cycle monitoring system structure of Dongying Yellow River Bridge,a great deal of FBG sensors are laid in the key sections of this bridge to monitor the strain and temperature in the phase of construction and service.During the construction of longitudinal prestressing of main girder,the signals of central wavelength of the some FBG sensors located in the controlling positions,are synchronously collected with the optical fiber grating demodulator and its accessories,and then the strain-time history curves are gained.Through setting up the finite element model of construction process,monitored values and theoretical values are compared,and the relative errors between them are analyzed.It is found that monitored values are basically accordant with theoretical values and the relative error increases with the elongation of the prestress pipeline but the max value is 11.4%.The conclusion shows that the measuring precision of FBG sensor is high and it can be applied in the strain monitoring of large bridges during the course of construction.


Phosphogypsum of 15 million tons is being produced each year from phosphate industry and this must be disposed properly in view of economic and environmental considerations. Phosphogypsum can be made into various products such as calcined gypsum, αhighstrength gypsum powder, ornament materials (papered gypsum plank, ornamental gypsum plank, fabric gypsum plank, partition gypsum plank cement retarder, and wall body material, the usage of the above products and their manufacture are described.


Summary High titres of a cytopathic toxin were found in the faeces of four of six children with Hirschspiung's disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon). The toxin was fully neutralised by Clostridium sordellii antiserum. C. difficile was isolated from the faeces of five patients. In two of the four children from whom tissue specimens were obtained there were histological features of pseudomembranous colitis. C. dfficile may be implicated in the pathogenesis of some cases of Hirschsprung's entcrocolitis. TnE surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon) consists of resection bf the obstructing aganglionic segment and restoration of, intestinal'continuity. Functional results are good and the operative mortality is low. I However, the enterocolitis which occurs in association with Hirschsprung's disease remains a potentially lethal complication; one survey2 showed that l57o of children already had enterocolitis at the time of diagnosis, and the mortality rate (3090) in these children has not improved in two decades.2 Enterocolitis occurs in up to a third of children soon or some time after corrective surgery, and the mortality rate from postoperative enterocolitis is ,between 5Toj and l07o.l The pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's enterocolitis is still poorly understood. The clinical features of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) resemble those of Hirschsprung's enterocolitis. The demonstration of an association between Clostr.idium difficile and PMC4 prompted our study in which C. difficile and cytopathic toxin were sought in samples from six children with Hirschsprung's enterocolitis.


Based on rational Bezier curves given by Ron Goldman, a new fractional rational Bezier curve was first defined in terms of fractional Bernstein bases. Moreover, some basic properties were dicussed and a theorem connected to Poisson curves was obtained.Some examples in this paper were given by the visual results.


Consolidates and summarizes information regarding all aspects of the safe handling of radioactivity with particular emphasis on handling at the lab level, in a glove box, or on a small hot cell scale. Examines safety standards and their derivation; shielding; monitoring; radiation dosimetry; decontamination; remotelyoperable equipment; radiation damage effects; nuclear criticality; safe transport of active materials; disposal of radioactive wastes, and more.


Conference speech delivered by Guillermo Godio in the Teatro Colon, Misiones, on 21 January 1886. Subjects covered include current affairs in Europe, ideas about colonisation and emigration, Africa and America, the territory of Misiones, the Bajas Misiones, the real Eldorado, the wonders of the Promised Land, Posadas and the Jesuits, the Altas Misiones, the high Parana, the mysteries of the virgin forests and forest life, the Salto de la Victoria, the Iguazu River, the pioneers of civilisation, the tribe of maracayu, the cacique of the Caingue and visions of Parana


Here we have studied and estimated the indices of the military personnel thermal state and pieces of military clothes both common and according to body areas (head, arm (shoulder and forearm) hands, hips, lower legs, feet) per unit of clothes area for selection and estimation of materials and structure of the outfit which shall provide the given thermal resistance. The cooling physiological limits and their endpoints were determined, taking into account the discomfort limitation based on warmth sense modalities. Functional indices of the military personnel are determined by the hypothermia criteria. The cold sense modalities of the body were determined based on the calculation of the heat deficit index.


Objectives: Malaria has been a major public health problem in India, with cases therein contributing significantly to the overall malaria burden within South East Asia. Majority of malaria cases in India have occurred within the eastern and central regions of the country. Over 80% of the country's total malaria cases have been reported from 10states. Statistics for the state of West Bengal had reported approximately 26,000 and 25,000 malaria cases in 2014 and 2018, respectively, with Kolkata still being considered the most malaria-prone district of West Bengal.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed based on data collected from the Kolkata Municipal Corporation documents on Taltala area residents during the winter. Collected data included age, sex, malaria category, medicine intake history, and others. Outcomes following medication, such as chloroquine tablets, artemisinin-based combination therapies, and primaquine, were also assessed.


Denitrification and hydrologic leaching are the two major pathways by which nitrogen (N) is lost from the terrestrial biosphere. Humid tropical forests are thought to dominate denitrification losses from unmanaged lands globally, but there is large uncertainty about the range and key drivers of total N gas emissions across the biome. We combined pantropical measures of small watershed stream chemistry with ecosystem modeling to determine total N gas losses and associated uncertainty across humid tropical forests. Our calculations reveal that denitrification in soils and along hydrologic flow paths contributes on average >45% of total watershed N losses. However, when denitrification occurs exclusively in shallow soils, simulations indicate that gas emissions would exceed N inputs and render plants severely N limited, which contradicts observations of widespread N sufficiency in tropical forests. Our analyses suggest an upper bound on soil denitrification of ~80% of total external N losses beyond which tropical plant growth would be compromised.


Table of ContentsI. Introduction 1506II. Background Law 1510A. The Exclusionary Rule 1510B. The Fruit-of-the-Poisonous-Tree Doctrine 1512C. The Good-Faith Exception 1513III. Problem at Issue 1515A. Circuits That Have Held the Good-Faith Exception Applies 15151. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit......15152. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.......1518B. Circuits That Have Held the Good-Faith Exception Does Not Apply 15231. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit......15232. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit 1525C. Circuits That Have Held Both Ways 15271. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit 15272. U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit 1530IV. The Importance of Resolving the Current Circuit Split 1533V. Resolution 1537A. Good-Faith Execution of the Original Search or Seizure 1537B. Different Groups of Officers Conducted the Searches 1540C. Good-Faith Reliance Under Leon 1542D. Counterarguments 1544VI. Conclusion 1547I. IntroductionConsider the following scenario. During his evening patrol, Officer Jones pulls over a car for speeding. After approaching the driver's window, Officer Jones notices the driver quickly put out a lit item. Immediately suspicious, the officer asks the man what he had been smoking, to which he replies, "None of your business." Officer Jones searches the man's car for what he suspects to be marijuana. Though the officer does not locate any marijuana, he finds large bags of cocaine under the car's rear seats.Based on the quantity of cocaine located in the man's car, Officer Jones suspects the man's connection with a significant cocaine distribution ring recently discovered in the area. Thus, he decides to obtain a warrant to search the man's residence. Officer Jones presents an affidavit to the magistrate describing the events that led to his discovery of the cocaine. He gives the magistrate little detail, other than noting his assumption that the man had put out a hand-rolled joint. The magistrate issues a search warrant.Officer Jones and a few other police officers conduct a search of the man's home pursuant to the issued warrant.1 The officers discover hundreds of pounds of cocaine throughout the apartment. The officers arrest the man and charge him with possession with the intent to distribute a controlled substance. During pre-trial proceedings, defense counsel files a motion to suppress evidence obtained from the defendant's residence. Counsel argues that the search warrant is based on information obtained in an unconstitutional search of the defendant's car. The court determines that this original search was unconstitutional, but Officer Jones and the other officers relied upon the search warrant in good faith in searching the defendant's residence.The court now has a decision to make. …


A new method is proposed for the laser separation of isotopic and other mixtures of molecular gases. The diffusion process induced by a laser beam in a mixture which contains a resonance-absorption gas is different from ordinary thermal diffusion. Experiments with a CO/sub 2/ laser and the mixtures /sup 10/BCl/sub 3/+/sup 11/BCl/sub 3/, BCl/sub 3/+He, and BCl/sub 3/+N/sub 2/ are described. An enrichment of 7% in the isotopic mixtures and 60% in the other mixtures is achieved.


The magnetization of a ferromagnetic nanostructure can be manipulated by a spin-polarized electrical current. Thus the switching mechanisms in Co/Cu/Co trilayers as well as in Co single layers have been studied within this thesis.In order to generate a sufficient current density within such samples, a lithographic nanofabrication technique for the preparation of structures with a diameter of 80nm has been developed. SEM and TEM/EDX analyses of the finished samples reveal that this process yields nanopillars with well-defined edges and layers.For the electrical characterization of the samples a sensitive transport measurement setup, which allows for a detection of the differential resistance as a function of the DC current at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, has been installed.At DC current densities in the region of 10^8A/cm^2 and magnetic fields μ0H>1.5T the transport data for the GMR trilayer nanopillars show hysteretic changes in the differential resistance of up to 2.7%. In the most simple semi-classical spin torque model these modifications can be attributed to current-induced switching processes of one Co layer between two different single domain states: the parallel (low resistance) and the antiparallel (high resistance) state with respect to the external field. However, the field dependence of the observed effects indicates that the true magnetization configuration within both Co layers is much more complex.For similar current densities and field values resistance changes up to 1.5% were observed also for the transport measurements on the Co single layer nanopillars. This emphasizes the spin-filtering properties of a single Cu/Co interface. In a qualitative model these modifications in R are ascribed to the excitation of modes, which cause an inhomogeneous magnetization configuration either longitudinal or transversal to the direction of current flow.


ABSTRACT This scientometric investigation of research performance focuses on publications in seven leading European psychology journals. For the period 1980–89 inclusive, articles by members of university departments of psychology in the United Kingdom were counted, and the average number of articles per staff member was calculated for each department. The resulting research performance figures correlated positively and significantly with recent performance estimates by other researchers using different methods.


PURPOSE: A heating pad for women is provided to enable a user to easily adhere a herbal medicine cover to underwear. CONSTITUTION: A heating pad for women comprises a cover member(8), a coating layer(9), and a bonding layer. The cover member comprises a plane heater(4) which is installed to heat a specific part, a charge battery(5) which supplies current to the plane heater, an electric device(6) which controls the electric power supply of the charge battery, and an on/off switch(7) which controls the operation of the electric device.


Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG‐1) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is strongly associated with tumor metastasis. Anoikis resistance and autophagy may play an important role in the survival of circulating tumor cells. However, the relationship among AEG‐1, anoikis resistance, autophagy, and metastasis in HCC is still not clear. The results of this study indicate that AEG‐1 expression is increased in HCC cell lines grown in suspension culture. AEG‐1 could enhance anoikis resistance to promote the survival of detached HCC cells. Moreover, the anoikis resistance appears to be partly dependent on autophagy. Regulating AEG‐1 expression changed the autophagy levels to modulate anoikis resistance, likely acting via the protein kinase RNA‐like ER kinase (PERK)‐eIF2α‐ATF4‐CHOP signaling axis. Finally, inhibiting autophagy by RNA interference prevented the AEG‐1‐promoted metastasis of HCC xenografts to the liver and lungs of nude mice. Taken together, AEG‐1 is a key contributor to anoikis resistance and metastasis by inducing autophagy in vitro and in vivo, and it may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in HCC.


The lymphocyte-specific kinase(Lck or p56Lck) was a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase of the Src family expressed in T cells and natural killer cells.Activation of the Lck in T cell was a necessary step,and the selective inhibition of Lck can produce immunosuppression.In addition,ectopic expression of Lck in other cells can induce cells to become cancerous.Therefore,inhibition of expression of Lck can also prohibit cancer.Action mechanism of Lck and the latest progress of the Lck inhibitor in recent years were reviewed.


By Barbara Rieti, Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2008, 184 pp., £25.99/CAN$34.95 (hbk), ISBN 9-780-77353-360-8 The Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, originally Britain's f...


In this Demo, we present EPESonic [1], a movement-based installation prototype for researching design aspects relating to young children's meaning making through metaphorical action in a multimodal, digital setting. This prototype is the outcome of an embodied design approach that has been developed through co-design workshops with young children aged 2--7, their caretakers and museum professionals. With this prototype and its iterations, we have studied the relationship between pre-determined metaphorical action and fictional framing, digital feedback and playfulness. The goal of our prototype design is to provide methodological insights about embodied learning design for young children that integrate fictional narrative, play and digital feedback to support meaning making with metaphorical actions.


The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 has sensitized many individuals in business and industry to the fact that discrimination aimed at individuals with disabilities is as unjust as discrimination against ethnic and racial minorities. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the moral consciousness it aroused helped eliminate many of the discriminatory employment practices directed toward minorities. Individuals with disabilities have not been as fortunate in terms of employment over the past 35 years. While African-Americans and other racial minorities have made gains toward equality in employment, a significant percentage of the American disabled population remains unemployed. The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Relations reported that 67% of individuals with disabilities between the ages of 16 and 64 are unemployed (Simpkins & Kaplan, 1991). Fifty-eight percent of all disabled men and 80% of all disabled women are unable to find gainful employment (Thornburgh, 1991). Furthermore, Harris and Associates (cited in Satcher & Hendren, 1991) found that approximately 66% of the unemployed individuals with disabilities that they surveyed wanted to work, suggesting that these unemployment figures do not simply reflect self-selection out of the workforce. Despite such statistics, most research on discrimination in the workplace has continued to center on either race or gender-based discrimination. Little research is found on determining the current level of discrimination or on determining the possible causal and/or mediating variables that lead to the biased perceptions of an individual with a disability. An additional concern regarding much of the research on bias and discrimination is that many scales designed to measure attitudes toward individuals with disabilities rely on unidimensional measures of affect toward the "disabled." Scale developers have concentrated on unidimensional measures that seem to assume constant "bias potential" within and even across disabilities. That is, an assumption is made that individual's with a given disability are perceived similarly by a non-disabled individual. This approach also often makes the unlikely assumption that individual's with vastly different disabilities are perceived equally by the non-disabled. This approach has resulted in scales such as the Attitudes Towards Disabled Persons Scale (Yuker, Block, & Younng, 1966) and the Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale (Gething, 1994) that ask questions about "disabled" people [sic] in general terms in an effort to generate and then measure attitudes of the test-taker. Moreover, these scales typically use the computation of "total scores" on these instruments. This practice has sometimes led researchers and practitioners to erroneously assume that a single dimension can account for perceptions of an individual with a disability. An estimated 43 million individuals were covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act when it was originally introduced (Pierce, 1991). These 43 million individuals are not a homogenous group and perceptions of them are likely to vary as well. An individual's perception of a worker with a learning disability is likely to be quite different than their perception of someone with alcoholism or epilepsy. Although some perceptions toward individuals with disabilities may have a common factor, it is not likely the entire explanation. It seems more plausible that many interrelated factors determine an individual worker or employer's attitude toward a given individual with a disability. Cursory evidence exists in the literature to support the idea that such underlying factors are important, and that, a single generalized attitude does not provide a complete or satisfactory explanation of perceptions of the person. Bordieri and Drehmer (1986) found that if a job applicant was personally responsible for their own disability that they were likely to receive lower evaluations from raters. …


Proposed herein is a flexible bistable chiral splay nematic display mode with an enhanced memory retention time under external distortion. By adopting the polymerized reactive-mesogen structure mixed in a liquid crystal layer, local anchoring energy is generated on the boundary between the polymer structures, and the relaxation from the π-twisted state to the initial splay state could be interrupted. As a result, the memory retention time becomes significantly longer, and the stability against the external distortion is enhanced.


Scheduling of multicluster tools has received much attention due to its complexity of interaction among cluster tools. A cluster tool comprises several modules such as processing modules, a transfer module with a single or dual-armed handling robot, and loadlock modules. A multicluster tool comprises two, three, or more cluster tools that are interconnected with each other. In this paper, we propose a deadlock prevention policy for noncyclic scheduling of dual-armed multicluster tools. The proposed deadlock prevention policy is effective for generating an efficient schedule for two or three-connected multicluster tools with a single or a dual-path flow. This is proven by analyzing the strict minimal siphon of the Petri net model. The performance of the proposed method is compared with that of a maximal permissible deadlock prevention policy. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is computationally efficient for larger state spaces and more suitable than conventional deadlock prevention policies for generating effective schedules for noncyclic scheduling of multicluster tools. Note to Practitioners—Scheduling of multicluster tools has recently attracted attention in the growing semiconductor manufacturing industry. Most conventional studies on multicluster tools focus on cyclic scheduling to minimize cycle time with swap strategy. The challenge addressed by this paper is to derive a deadlock-free schedule for multicluster tools with noncyclic operations. We propose a simple deadlock prevention policy that can be applied to large-scale timed Petri net (PN) model of general multicluster tools without enumeration of siphon computations or solution of mixed integer programming. A timed PN model is developed for noncyclic operations of dual-armed multicluster tools with a dual ath. The computational results show that the approximately 10% of the total throughput of the proposed method is better than those of the conventional methods. It enables more efficient operations for noncyclic scheduling under transient periods including cleaning operations.


The unsatisfactory dynamics of the Russian economy between the crisis periods and a significant decrease in the most important socio-economic indicators during the crises actualizes the search for directions of sustainable development. In the scientific literature and in the program documents of the constituent entities of the Federation, the transition to an innovative strategy is considered as such a direction, and cluster initiatives are considered as the main tool for its implementation. Considerable attention is also paid to improving the investment climate and the formation of network structures of settlements of various levels. At the same time, given the low level of innovation activity in the economy, at present, innovations do not act as a significant factor in the sustainable development of regions, and the formation of clusters is mainly aimed at modernizing traditional sectors of the economy. The transition to an innovative strategy should be considered as a promising direction for sustainable development. Currently, the main direction is the activation of investment activities. The analysis of socio-economic processes in the regions of the Central and North-West Federal Districts (CFD and NWFD) made it possible to single out the following levels of regional economic stability: high, medium, low and promising. Long-term sustainability occurs with a decrease in GRP amid growing investment, as well as a high or medium level of innovative activity. a hypothesis about the influence of various factors on stability. Correlation analysis provided a quantitative assessment of the influence of factors on the stability of the regional system. The methods of comparative and retrospective analysis, synthesis, statistical analysis and typologization were also used in the work. The regions of the Central and North-Western Federal Districts (CFD and NWFD) were considered as the object of research.


As an important means of modern educational technology,the logic-teaching software plays an essential role in the process of logic education. The use of logic-teaching software can not only enhance the quality and efficiency of teaching and promote the development of the modernization of logic-teaching,but also it can help the students have a better understanding of logic thinking and master the logic methods easily and efficiently. This paper mainly introduces some international popular logicteaching software as well as the use and effectiveness of logic software in domestic logic-teaching.


As a result of changes to precipitation, runoff production and land use, water-quality issues due to excessive erosion and transport of sediment are a concern in many areas of the northwestern United States. This area encompasses much of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Region 8 and was the subject of a study on "reference" or background sediment-transport rates for the purpose of developing water-quality targets for sediment (Klimetz et al 2009). As part of this study, an investigation of precipitation and discharge trends over the past century was conducted to determine how representative loadings estimates based on available data were to longer termed flow rates. The area covers a number of Level III Ecoregions from which precipitation and discharge data were available: Ecoregion 15, Northern Rockies, 17, Middle Rockies, 42, Northwest Glaciated Plains, 43, Northwestern Great Plains, 46 Northern Glaciated Plains, and 48, Lake Agassiz Plain (Figure 1). Sites across the region were selected based on locations of past and present U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream-gauge locations where historical flow and sediment-transport data were available, as part of a background study regarding reference sediment transport rates. Raw mean-daily discharge data from USGS gauging stations were used in combination with raw precipitation data from the National Ocean Atmospheric and Administration (NOAA) and separated by ecoregion. Flow and precipitation data were not necessarily recorded at the same locations. Runoff data were unitized by dividing by drainage area to create a water-yield parameter (in m/s/km) so that basins of different size could be compared. Changes in water yield over the last century may reflect alterations to the landscape (land use), direct modifications to stream channels (ie. channelization, dams), irrigation and changes in precipitation. An attempt was made to incorporate changes in precipitation into the interpretation of changes in runoff or water yield over the past century. The data used in this study cover about a 100-year period and are not intended to make inferences about the broader issue of global climate change.


As an approach for redefining relations between text and its meaning, the idea of deconstruction appeared in the works of philosopher Jacques Derrida. This philosophical concept received the reflection in the modern architecture: it provokes a denial of stereotypes about the building's forms and functions, a conflict of the architectural elements' dislocation. Some fashion designers use a deconstruction method to destroy fashion standards and fashion stereotypes. Particularly, Belgian designer Martin Margiela questions the traditional understanding of fashion and fashion beauty and rethinks the relations between fashion forms, functions, and ideology constructed by clothing. This paper provides an analysis of the deconstructionist fashion techniques in the case of Maison Margiela fashion house. By performing the conflicting nature of fashion garments, Margiela constructs the concept of universal, basic clothes but, at the same time, very anonymous, free of labels, tags, and social judgments. This fashion of deconstruction articulates today the next level of relationship between consumers and fashion garments that is not only about standardized functions but expanded values and interpretations.


The relativistic impulse optical model of nuclei is investigated using derivative coupling potential. We have found the suppression of the negative-energy propagation compared to the usual t potential. However it can be taken into account by the renormalized potential in the Dirac equation. Thus the Dirac phenomenology is still valid. Recent extensive developments of relativistic nuclear models [1] were strongly inspired by the success of the relativistic impulse optical model. The relativistic t optical potential [2] was able to reproduce the polarization observables, the analyzing power and spin rotation function, of p+Ca elastic scattering at 500MeV, while the corresponding nonrelativistic potential failed. This success was attributed to the negative-energy propagation [3] in the Dirac equation. However it was claimed [4] that the negativeenergy contribution should be suppressed due to the structure of a nucleon. This is a controversial problem [5] until now. Recently, the author investigated [6] the e¤ect of meson cloud surrounding a nucleon in nuclear matter. It produces the polarizabilities [7] of a nucleon in the medium. The polarizabilities are also derived by the derivative coupling model [8-10]. Because the meson cloud constitutes the structure of a nucleon, an application of the derivative coupling potential to the optical model is worthwhile to investigate the e¤ect of nucleon structure on the negative-energy propagation. In order to introduce the derivative coupling potential into the relativistic impulse optical model, we utilize a fundamental ambiguity [11] in the t potentials. Usually, the Fermi covariant representation is used for a relativistic NN t-matrix in the model. The …ve invariant amplitudes are determined to reproduce free NN scattering data. We can therefore multiply the t-matrix by any operator (p), which satis…es (p)u (p) = u (p) for the free positive-energy Dirac spinor u (p). It cannot be excluded to replace the t optical potential U by U (p). If the scalar part S of U is considered and (p) is given by (p) = = p+M 2M ; (1) This paper is the revised version of CDS ext-2002-068. Some texts and mistypes have been corrected.


T itle o f D isse r ta tio n : On Local Stresses and Spring Constants of a Sphere-Nozzle Connection B an —Li Lyow : Doctor of Philosophy, 1991 D isse rta tio n d ire c te d by : Dr. Benedict C. Sun Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Technology This dissertation studies the local stresses and spring constants of a spherical shell with a nozzle attachment when it is under various loadings, namely radial force, overturning moment, horizontal shear force, and torsional moment. Because of the mathematical difficulty in modeling the nozzle-sphere configuration, particularly with nozzle opening, the finite element method ( A N S Y S package) is utilized in this study. The model used in this study is a quadrilateral thin shell element model when the j s (spherical radius/thickness) value is larger than 1 0 . Otherwise the isoparametric solid element is used. The resulting stresses are basically biaxial state of stresses. It is observed that the local membrane and bending stresses are produced due to the radial force and the overturning moment as well as the shear force, and the local shear stresses are produced by both the torsional moment and the shear force. These individual stresses are presented as stress factors, which are functions of the dimensionless parameters, /3 ( radius of nozzle/radius of sphere) and 7 S. They are reported in graphical plots. The spring constants considered due to various loadings (K y for radial force, K ^m for overturnment moment, K qt for torsional moment, K y for shear force) are also presented in this dissertation. Again, these spring constants are presented in normalized forms which are also functions of /? and 7 3. Throughout the dissertation, the j3 values considered are from 0.1 to 0.5 while the -js values are from 7 to 100. These values cover the range of the practical applications in pressure vessel design. In this work, the finite element method employed 22 elements along the juncture for the thin shell model, and 9 elements along the juncture with 4 elements across the thickness for the isoparametric model to ensure that the elements are small enough to provide convergence of the results. Stresses obtained from this study are in good agreement with the data extracted from Wichman's paper (W.R.C. bulletin 107,1968) and experimental results from' other literature sources. The spring constants are in good agreement with data extracted from Batra & Sun's work and other theoretical results.


W h i l e researchers working with animal cells have spent years exploiting in vitro fertilization to create and study organisms, plant researchers could only look on with envy, for plant gametes stubbornly refused to combine in the test tube. Until now. This month, a group of plant biologists report that they have mated plant sex cells in vitro and grown the result into a fully functional adult plant. That feat, which opens the door to studies of the earliest stages of plant development, could also offer new opportunities for the genetic engineering of crops. Botanists Erhard Kranz and Horst Lorz at the Institut h r Allgemeine Botanik of the University of Hamburg report in the July issue of The Plant Cell that they used a brief pulse of electricity to produce what several researchers call a "shotgun wedding": a fusion of corn sperm and egg cells into a zygote. The technique opens "a very large window in plant development. Until now, no one could isolate a plant zygote," says botanist Christian Duflowering plants by using a fluid pulse triggered by osmotic gradient to rupture the pollen grains that hold sperm cells. But egg cells, which are held in the immature seed, or ovule, proved more elusive. "The egg is an integral part of the ovule," explains botanist Scott Russell of the University of Oklahoma. To get the egg out of the ovule, adds Russell, "you have to break down connections among


The cross‐section for the neutron‐induced fission of 231Pa has recently been measured from the threshold to En = 3.5 MeV. The experimental results are described in terms of extended statistical model calculations.


This handbook is intended to trace Thailands family planning program evolution. The objectives of the handbook is to collect and combine the most recent and reliable data on population and reproductive health and the family planning program. The handbook is divided into two parts. Part 1 describes the evolution of the program from the 1950s up to the present followed by a detailed outline of the strengths lessons learned and future challenges of the NFPP. Part 2 shows Thailands population data and concerned statistics. It includes statistics on population growth rate total fertility rate and infant mortality rate.


64 male hooded rats were tested on a visual depth discrimination task in a modified Lashley Jumping Stand. The monocular Ss (n = 32) were operated upon to close either the left or right eye and the control Ss (n = 32) were sham operated. There were no significant differences in jumping performance between the binocular and the monocular Ss although the task was facilitated for both groups when a visual depth was increased. However, the monocular Ss showed significant orienting responses toward the "unoperated" side before they jumped. The results suggest that motion parallax overcomes both monocular and binocular visual weakness in a jumping-stand discrimination situation.


Anthropogenic heat fluxes (AHF) have a significant impact on the weather and climate characteristics of urbanized territories. AHF plays a crucial role in the formation of an urban heat island. The structure of the urban heat island is determined not only by the AHF distribution but also by the location of the city. Moscow and St. Petersburg are the two largest Russian cities located in significantly different climatic conditions with the highest value of the AHF. In this article we compare the influence of the AHF on the temperature and wind regimes in Moscow and St. Petersburg regions.


This paper presents the algorithm for generating range-Doppler maps with micro-Doppler signatures. The aim of the paper is to illustrate how to generate range-Doppler maps with micro-Doppler signatures, which can be used as training data for various artificial algorithms for radar signal processing. The algorithm design is focused on targets with rotating parts, especially Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and includes clutter and additional moving targets without micro-Doppler frequency shift. The paper presents fundamental elements of the mathematical model, necessary for the algorithm. The presented algorithm with subsequent results was written and validated in MATLAB, by taking into account the pulse radar with linear frequency modulation pulse waveform.


This work presents a coupled structural-thermal numerical analysis of restrained steel columns under elevated temperatures. The modeling is based on the experimental tests carried out on a series of open section 'I-shaped' columns, tested experimentally under different loading. The parametric study of a chosen case investigated following problems: geometrical imperfections, reduction of heated column area, variation of temperature along the length of the column, variation of applied force and variation of constraints properties. For the comparison with experimental the following quantities were used: axial force, vertical displacement and midspan deflection. The comparison showed that including more details and uncerteinties give the numerical results closer to reality. The last paragraph presents results for the same steel column under different loading, comparing only the maximum applied load, which is a crucial quantity for the behavior of the structure.


In this study we were aimed to examination between attachment dimensions (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and some demographics (age, working status, duration of marriage and the person helping the mother with childcare) in prediction of child rearing behaviours(inductive reasoning, punishment, obedience-demanding and warmth).  The sample consist of 230 mothers whose child in early childhood educational settings. "Personal Information Form", "Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory II (ECRI II)":"Child Rearing Questionnaire" were utilized to conduct to data. Data were analyzed using Pearson's product-moment correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Research findings revealed that attachment anxiety is the predictor of mothers' obedience demanding and punishment behaviors besides, attachment avoidance is only predictor of mothers' punishment behaviors. According to the results, it could be seen that attachment dimensions are an important predictor in terms of child rearing behaviors. The findings obtained from the study were discussed in the light of the related literature and some suggestions were made for future research. Article visualizations:


Authors of advertisements use very willingly phraseological units and formulaic expressions for their repetitiveness and for their tendency to become ingrained in recipients mental lexicon. Another reason is their susceptibility to formal and semantic modifications. Pragmatic phrasemes are used in advertising much more rarely, and their use usually consists in a modification determined by a given context and by an illustration without a change of form.


In clause methods of an estimation of comfort of residing of the population, risk of desease and visits the population in out-patient-polyclinic region are considered


A series of novel poly(ester-imide)s were prepared by the reactions of 6,6'-(3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic diimido)-bis-hexanoic acid with various aliphatic diols containing four to ten methylene groups using a melt polymerization technique. Besides these, a novel poly(esterimide) was synthesized by the reaction of 1 1 , 1 1 '-(3,3', benzophenonetetracarboxylic diimido)-bis-undecanoic acid with 1 ,6-hexanediol employing the same technique. Two kinds of monomers containing diimide diacids were prepared by the reactions of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride with respective 6-aminocaproic acid and 1 1 -aminoundecanoic acid. A total of eight poly(ester-imide)s, PEIMs, were characterized for liquid crystalline properties. The solubility, viscosity, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analyses such TGA and DSC, and the optical studies were performed. Infrared spectra of PEIMs confirmed the formation of imide and ester groups. These poly(ester-imide)s exhibited high thermal and oxidative stability and very poor solubility corresponding to high viscosity. There were no reproducible endothermic or exothermic peaks found besides glass transition temperatures in the DSC thermograms. In addition, no PEIMs showed birefringent textures under the polarized light microscope. DSC and optical study indicated that Odd PEIMs and PEIM(6,10) are totally amorphous, while Even PEIMs are partially crystalline polymers with extremely slow crystallization rate. Two new compounds, BTDI-1 1 A/1 8-ol and BPDI-1 1 A/1 8-ol, with small molecular weight were designed and synthesized. The reaction of respective BTDI-1 1 A and BPDI-1 1 A with 1 -octadecanol was performed in boiling toluene with azeotropic removal of water by using Dean-Stark apparatus. DSC and optical study with polarized light microscopy indicated that BTDI-1 1 A/1 8-ol has a liquid crystalline phase that is very close to solid crystal state, whereas BPDI-1 1 A/1 8-ol has no liquid crystalline property.


systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, diffuse microangiopathy, and fibrosis of skin and visceral organs. Typical cardiac involvement may includes microvascular ischemia, contraction band necrosis, and patchy fibrosis, leading mainly to arrythmias and conduction defects, diastolic dysfunction, or right ventricular failure (secondary to pulmonary arterial hypertension) [1]. Valvular diseases are poorly described and generally not considered a typical sign of SSc [2-4].we aimed to describe valvular alterations in a multicentre cohort of SSc patients.we consecutively recruited 118 SSc patients (M/F: 14/104, mean age 56.7±12.4 years, median disease duration 10 years, limited/diffuse skin subsets: 95/23, anti-centromere/anti-Scl70/others autoantibodies: 35/37/46) in 3 Rheumatology Centres in Sicily, Italy, from January to December 2019.Considering the cardiovascular risk factors, 40 (34%) patients were smokers, 7 (6%) diabetics, 12 (10%) showed hypercholesterolemia, 38 (32%) arterial hypertension, while none was obese. Transthoracic echocardiogram was carried out in all patients during their follow-up.valvular abnormalities were as follow: mitral valve: insufficiency 85 (72%) cases - mild in 77/85, stenosis 2 (2%) - mild in 25/28, sclerosis/tickening 36 (30%), and calcification 9 (8%) patients; aortic valve: insufficiency 28 (24%), stenosis 4 (3%), sclerosis 29 (25%), and calcification 7 (6%) patients; tricuspid valve: insufficiency 91 (77%) cases, no cases of stenosis, sclerosis 5 (4%), and calcification 1 (1%) patients; pulmonary valve: insufficiency in 13 (11%) patients.As expected, tricuspid insufficiency (TI) was associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (moderate TI in 20% of patients with every TI and PAH vs. 4% of patients with TI without PAH, p=0.019).Aortic sclerosis (AS) was associated with the presence of arthritis (AS in 35% of patients with arthritis vs. 16% of patients without, p=0.029).No association was found with age, gender, disease duration, skin subset, autoantibodies, capillaroscopic patterns, presence of digital ulcers, lung, renal, or digestive involvements.in this multicentre SSc cohort study, we found that cardiac valve alterations are very common, even though generally not clinically relevant. The presence of PAH was associated with more severe TI. Finally, AS was associated with arthritis that could be considered sign of chronic inflammatory state, which is often linked with accelerated atherosclerosis and remodeling process of aortic valve [5].[1]Lambova S. Cardiac manifestations in systemic sclerosis. World J Cardiol 2014; 6:993-1005.[2]D'Angelo W, Fries JF, Masi AT, Shulman LE. Pathologic observations in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).A study of fifty-eight autopsy cases and fifty-eight matched controls. Am J Med 1969; 46:428-440.[3]Kazzam E, Caidahl K, Hallgren R, et al. Mitral regurgitation and diastolic flow profile in systemic sclerosis. Int J Cardiol 1990; 29:357-363[4]Wranicz J, Zielińska M, Cygankiewicz I, et al. Early cardiovascular involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Med Sci Monit. 2002; 8:CR78-82.[5]Coté N, Mahmut A, Bosse Y, et al. Inflammation is associated with remodeling of calcific aortic valve disease. Inflammation 2013; 36:573-581.Michele Colaci: None declared, Claudia Schinocca: None declared, Ylenia Dal Bosco: None declared, Maria Letizia Aprile: None declared, Giuliana Guggino Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Celgene, Speakers bureau: Celgene, Sandoz, Pfizer, Ilenia De Andres: None declared, Alessandra Azzurra Russo: None declared, Domenico Sambataro: None declared, Gianluca Sambataro: None declared, Lorenzo Malatino: None declared


We have searched through the Solar Maximum Mission satellite gamma-ray spectrometer database for evidence of red and blue Doppler-shifted 1.37 MeV (24)Mg* nuclear lines. The data were obtained between 1980 and 1989 and span a total of 720 days when SS 433 was in the field of view. No evidence of Doppler-shifted line emission was found in any of our spectra. The range of 3 sigma upper limits for individual 9 day integration periods was (0.8-2.4) x 10(exp -3) photons/sq cm/s for the blue beam, encompassing the approximately 1.5 MeV feature reported by Lamb et al., and (0.2-2.1) x 10(exp -3) photons/sq cm/s for the red beam, encompassing the reported approximately 1.2 MeV feature. The average 3 sigma upper limit in each beam for shifted 1.37 MeV was 1.5 x 10(exp -3) photons/sq cm/s for single 9 day integration. The 3 sigma upper limits over 56 9 day integration intervals (504 days) for the red beam and 69 intervals (621 days) for the blue beam are 1.2 x 10(exp -4) photons/sq cm/s. The new limits can be reconciled with the HEAO 3 results only if SS 433 emits gamma rays at or above the SMM sensitivity limit on rare occasions due to variable physical conditions in the system.


We conduct a discrete choice experiment with leaders of a random sample of 164 Peruvian indigenous communities (ICs) - to our knowledge, the first use of rigorous stated preference methods to analyze land titling. We find that: (i) on average, IC leaders are willing to pay US$35,000-45,000 for a title, roughly twice the per community administrative cost of titling; (ii) WTP is positively correlated with the value of IC land and the risk of land grabbing; and (iii) leaders prefer titling processes that involve indigenous representatives and titles that encompass land with cultural value.


In this work we report an experimental study on accumulation-mode (AM) gate-all-around (GAA) nMOSFETs based on silicon nanowires with uniaxial tensile strain. Their electrical characteristics are studied from room temperature up to ∼400 K and carrier mobility, flat-band and threshold voltages are extracted and investigated.


Purpose
This paper aims to explore the evolution of the law for combating economic crimes including money laundering in Tanzania and explore the current developments in the anti-money laundering (AML) law and the ongoing fight against these crimes in Tanzania.

Design/methodology/approach
A desk-based review of documents on money laundering and its control in Tanzania was conducted. The paper presents qualitative data from the documentary sources. It applies the doctrinal legal research approach to examine, analyze and describe the AML law applicable in Tanzania. The paper uses the "law-in-context" research approach to explore some non-law aspects of money laundering in Tanzania and interrogate how the law addresses non-law dimensions of money laundering. Policy documents and media reports were analyzed. The thematic data analysis technique was applied, which involved identifying, describing and reporting issues according to the themes emerging from the data.

Findings
The AML law in Tanzania emerged from the law that was originally enacted to curb economic crimes. The law has evolved for some decades. Its evolution has been driven by domestic factors and foreign drivers which are political, economic and social in nature. The role of the AML law has been changing. Initially, the law was a tool for curbing economic crimes. Recently, the law has acquired a new role, namely, to facilitate the recovery of illicit funds and non-financial assets from offenders and enable the authorities in Tanzania to use those economic resources for developmental purposes.

Research limitations/implications
The paper underscores the need for the Government of Tanzania to re-consider the broader implications involved in its current efforts to tackle economic crimes and money laundering. The balance between the implementation of the measures to combat money laundering and economic crimes in Tanzania and the importance of protecting rights of persons indicted with those offences should be struck. The AML law should be applied in such a way not to infringe the rights of the accused persons and not to throttle economic activities including the flow of legitimate foreign investments into Tanzania.

Originality/value
This paper generates insightful information to policymakers, law enforcers, regulators and other stakeholders who undertake activities to tackle money laundering and its control in Tanzania and researchers who study these issues for purposes of providing understanding of the problem and facilitating policy and legal reforms. The paper raises issues that can be explored further in future and contribute to the discourse on money laundering and its control in Tanzania.


In a hot accretion flow, the radiation from the innermost region of the flow propagates outward and heats the electrons at large radii via Compton scattering. It has been shown in previous works that if the radiation is strong enough, L ≳ 2%LEdd, the electrons at the Bondi radius (rB ∼ 105rs) will be heated to above the virial temperature; thus, the accretion will be stopped. The accretion will recover after the gas cools down. This results in the oscillation of the black hole activity. In this paper, we show that this mechanism is the origin of the intermittent activity of some compact young radio sources. Such intermittency is required to explain the population of these sources. We calculate the timescales of the black hole oscillation and find that the durations of active and inactive phases are 3 × 104(0.1/α)(M/108 M☉)(L/2%LEdd)−1/2 yr and 105(α/0.1)(M/108 M☉) yr, respectively, consistent with those required to explain observations. Such feedback occurring at the parsec scale should be common in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei and should be considered when we consider their matter and energy output.


This paper describes key elements and strategies to enhance student learning in an introductory/multidisciplinary course at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez (UPRM). The course, called Introduction to Remote Sensing, is the first in a series of elective courses developed at UPRM as part of the NASA sponsored program, Partnership for Spatial and Computational Research (PaSCoR). This program aims to enhance SMET curriculum by providing an alternative track in Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems. The course has been taught using a traditional approach and course assessment data suggested the need to design activities that address active learning and soft skills development. A major innovation was the collection of student learning profiles. Felder's Learning Style Inventory administered to the multi-disciplinary student population from UPRM's Colleges of Engineering, Sciences and Agriculture suggested a predominance of sensorial, visual, active and sequential learners. The inventory results provided the framework for the design of course activities that addressed as well as capitalized on the student diversity. Once the learning styles were determined, the course learning experiences were designed. These included satellite image comparisons, designing satellite component based on specific case studies, analysis of current technological issues including technology advantages and limitations as well as teamwork exercises, discussion of ethical issues that are relevant to the technology. A major innovation was the development of soft skills such as teamwork, written and oral communication skills. In addition to traditional assessment tools, assessment of the course included student preparation of a learning portfolio as well as faculty and course assessment by the students. The 'new' course complies with ABET 2000 accreditation criteria.


The use of logs in its original shape, as round timber, has been considered economically competitive and sustainable, making important the development of techniques that allow their classification. The objective of this research was to evaluate the correlation between acoustics (longitudinal velocity and stiffness coefficient) and statics (modulus of rupture and elasticity) parameters using round wood of Eucalyptus grandis. The results shows that there are statistically significant correlation of the acoustics and statics parameters in all condition analyzed, but the use of stiffness coefficient instead of only velocity of wave propagation can improve the correlation, mainly for the modulus of rupture.


We present a brief introduction to the second order DWBA reaction formalism which we have used to perform the theoretical analysis of two-nucleon transfer reactions induced both by heavy and light ions. We also show an example of such a calculation, emphasizing the connection between the structure aspects of the problem and the resulting predicted two-neutron transfer cross section. The calculations were carried out making use of software specifically developed for this purpose. It includes sequential, simultaneous and non-orthogonality contributions to the process. Microscopic form factors are used which take into account the relevant structure aspects of the process, such as the nature of the single-particle wavefunctions, the spectroscopic factors, and the interaction potential responsible for the transfer. Overall agreement with the experimental absolute values of the differential cross section is obtained without any free parameter. (Less)


We report a mechanism capable of reducing (or increasing) stellar activity in binary stars, thereby potentially enhancing (or destroying) circumbinary habitability. In single stars, stellar aggression toward planetary atmospheres causes mass-loss, which is especially detrimental for late-type stars, because habitable zones are very close and activity is long lasting. In binaries, tidal rotational breaking reduces magnetic activity, thus reducing harmful levels of X-ray and ultraviolet (XUV) radiation and stellar mass-loss that are able to erode planetary atmospheres. We study this mechanism for all confirmed circumbinary (p-type) planets. We find that main sequence twins provide minimal flux variation and in some cases improved environments if the stars rotationally synchronize within the first Gyr. Solar-like twins, like Kepler 34 and Kepler 35, provide low habitable zone XUV fluxes and stellar wind pressures. These wide, moist, habitable zones may potentially support multiple habitable planets. Solar-type stars with lower mass companions, like Kepler 47, allow for protected planets over a wide range of secondary masses and binary periods. Kepler 38 and related binaries are marginal cases. Kepler 64 and analogs have dramatically reduced stellar aggression due to synchronization of the primary, but are limited by the short lifetime. Kepler 16 appears to be inhospitable to planets due to extreme XUV flux. These results have important implications for estimates of the number of stellar systems containing habitable planets in the Galaxy and allow for the selection of binaries suitable for follow-up searches for habitable planets.


In order to deepen understanding the interactions between ionic liquid and chitin/chitosan/ cellulose at the molecular level, we have performed a study on the electronic structures, topological properties, nonconvalent interactions between 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride and chitin/chitosan/cellulose by using density functional theory. The results indicate that interactions between chitin/chitosan/cellulose and 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride are stronger that the intra-interaction of chitin/chitosan/cellulose, implying that chitin/ chitosan/ cellulose can dissolve in 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride.