Summary. Long-period multiple S and ScS phases observed in northern Europe were analysed to determine mantle attenuation in the 0.02 to 0.2 Liz range under the Eurasian shield. Two groups of' events were used: deep FarEastern earthquakes and large earthquakes near the edges of the shield areas of Eurasia. The Q of the upper mantle under the Eurasian shield region was estimated in the time domain by taking amplitude ratios and in the frequency domain by taking spectral amplitude ratios among various arrivals. Under shield regions, SS/S amplitude ratios and multiple ScS amplitude ratios give ti - 2.5-3.0 s in the 0.02 to 0.20 Hz band. The results show that the upper mantle Q under this shield area is higher than the global average, but less than the Q values inferred from our studies of short-period data in the same area. Preliminary results suggest significantly higher /: under tectonic regions in the same frequency band.


In this study, two low bandgap copolymers composed of fluorene (FI), cyclopentadithiophene (CDT), and 4,7-bis(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DBT) were synthesized, and their optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic (PV) characteristics were investigated for applications in PV devices. The feed ratio of the FI and CDT moieties was modulated to tune the electronic structures and resulting optical properties of the polymers. In the copolymeric structures, the FI-CDT unit absorbs the short-wavelength UV/vis regions, and the CDT-DBT (or FI-DBT) unit with strong intramolecular charge transfer characteristics covers the long-wavelength visible regions. P1 exhibited a wide UV absorption spectrum covering the UV and entire visible region in the range of 300―800 nm, and P2 showed absorption covering from 300 to 700 nm. UV/vis and electrochemical studies confirmed the desirable highest occupied molecular orbital/ lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels of the copolymers with bandgaps of 1.62―1.86 eV, enabling efficient electron transfer and a high open-circuit voltage when blending them with fullerene derivatives. When the polymers were blended with [6,6]phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester, P1 exhibited the best device performance with an open-circuit voltage of 0.66 V, short-circuit current of 4.92 mA cm ―2 , and power conversion efficiency of 1.13% under Air Mass 1.5 Global (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm ―2 ) illumination.


This paper focuses on probabilistic nonlinear dynamic analysis of a plane frame in which density, modulus of elasticity and section dimensions are random variables. The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the random variables with different types of probability density functions and various coefficients of variation. The time-displacement responses of the frame show that randomness in the material and geometric properties can lead to significant uncertainty in the maximum response displacement. Also, the statistically dynamic responses obtained by the present approach will be useful for studying the structural safety and rel iability.


Invasive weed optimization (IWO), which shows high performance in the electromagnetic community, is used to synthesize the conical conformal array antenna in this paper. Radiation pattern of the conformal array antenna is obtained by the superposition of the active element radiation pattern in the presence of platform, which includes the mutual coupling information of the array antenna and effects of the platform. Compared with partial swarm optimization (PSO), performance of IWO is more stable and lower side-lobe is obtained with IWO. A linear antenna array mounted on conical carrier is optimized and fabricated, measured results agree well with the optimized results. In addition, the proposed method can be used for the pattern synthesis of any kind of antenna array. Index Terms Conical conformal array antennas, invasive weed optimization, and radiation pattern.


Research on user training has drawn on psychological theory to understand individual differences effects. An extension of the Model of Goal-directed Behaviour (MGB) was used to test the role of Personality variables, Computer self-efficacy and Computer anxiety as antecedents of anticipated emotions, goal desires and intentions. Positive anticipated emotions were demonstrated to intervene in the relation between Computer self efficacy and goal desires.


Abstract : Our objective is to combine disparate surface current observations from sources like HF radar, Lagrangian drifters, passive remote sensing and ADCPs with open boundary flow information from any available source (numerical model, observations, climatology, etc.) to develop dynamically consistent nowcasts of the surface flow field. These nowcasts can then be analyzed using existing dynamical systems templates to study the mixing characteristics of the surface flow field. Also, because our formulation is exactly three-dimensionally incompressible, the nowcast can be used to infer some features of the subsurface flow field and may be readily assimilated into a numerical model.


Ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) has been performed for carbon at 10GPa, a pressure at which diamond is expected to be the thermodynamic ground state. A small (~10K structures) and larger (~100K structures) set are provided. To demonstrate a search in a ternary composition space ~100K AIRSS structures for the C+N+H+O system are provided. All structures are generated at random using the buildcell tool of the AIRSS suite, and relaxed to a nearby local minimum in the DFT-PBE total energy using the CASTEP code. Computational details are provided in the REM block of the .res structure files.


*National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland. 1 Olson, J. A., and C. B. Anfinsen, J. Biol. Chem., 197, 67 (1952). 2 Strecker, H. J., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 46, 126 (1953). 3 Frieden, C., J. Biol. Chem., 234, 809 (1959). 4Ibid., 815. 5 Yielding, K. L., G. M. Tomkins, J. S. Munday, and J. Curran, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 2, 303 (1960). 6Yielding, K. L., and G. M. Tomkins, these PROCEEDINGS, 46, 1483 (1960). 7Struck, J., and I. W. Sizer, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 86, 260 (1960). 8 These values were obtained from Pabst Circular OR-10. 9 In the experiment shown in Figure 1, there was a small protein peak which was eluted after the main component. This did not appear in other experiments and probably does not indicate heterogeneity of the crystalline enzyme. 10 Lineweaver, H., and D. Burk, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 56, 658 (1934). 11 Olson, J. A., and C. B. Anfinsen, J. Biol. Chem., 202, 841 (1953). 12 We have, however, observed that TPNH, as well as DPNH, can promote disaggregation of the enzyme. The higher concentration of TPNH required, 1.0 X 10-i M, may account for Frieden's report' that only DPNH can split the protein. 13 Harting, J., and S. F. Velick, J. Biol. Chem., 207, 867 (1954).


A 73-year-old woman with a 1-month history of dyspnea on exertion and a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was referred for the evaluation of a left pleural effusion of unknown etiology. She had no history of malignancy. Diagnostic thoracoscopy under local anesthesia using a semirigid scope (LTF-240; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) revealed numerous black tumors of varying size throughout the parietal and visceral pleura and the diaphragm surface (PictureA) and a large black-pigmented pleural tumor (PictureB). After a biopsy, a histopathological analysis of the mass and nodules revealed malignant cells with melanin-filled cytoplasm, indicating malignant melanoma. She was then referred to a dermatologist for systemic chemotherapy. Despite a thorough evaluation, no primary lesions were detected. Therefore, the most likely diagnosis was primary pleural melanoma. Intrathoracic metastasis from melanoma is common, whereas primary pleural melanoma is extremely rare. Our patient had a pleural tumor diagnosed via thoracoscopy under local anesthesia showing massive black tumors spreading throughout the pleura.


The aim of this paper was to bridge the socio-technical divide in agricultural systems research by providing an approach that addresses marginalized groups, particularly rural women, and their acce ...


For the current situation of the teaching of financial management,this paper analyzes the grounds of the current situation in the three aspects,ie.teaching management,teachers and students,and brings up the corresponding improving measures.


An exploratory survey revealed the effects of New York State's Licensed Mental Health Counselor Law on hiring Licensed Mental Health Counselors. The state Office of the Professions interpreted the absence of the word diagnosis in the law as indicating that LMHCs are ineligible to diagnose mental disorders. Directors of mental health agencies (n = 22) reported that LMHCs are qualified to work in state-licensed programs and are satisfied with the quality of their work, yet they hesitate or are unwilling to hire LMHCs due to reimbursement obstacles arising from the law. LMHCs (n = 23) reported being denied opportunities for employment, promotion, and insurance reimbursement and that consumer access to care is being restricted. It is advised that licensed professional counselors advocate for inclusion of the term diagnosis in the law in New York and in other states where the practice of professional counseling is unduly restricted.


Folic acid is a water‐soluble vitamin that is essential for many cellular processes such as biosynthesis of DNA, RNA, and amino acids. In E. coli, the abg region encodes proteins that enable the uptake and cleavage of p‐aminobenzoyl‐glutamate (PABA‐GLU), a breakdown product of folic acid. These genes comprise an apparent operon oriented divergently from abgR, encoding a putative transcriptional regulator. Since this operon is only found in bacterial chromosomes, understanding its cellular role may provide new drug targets. Additionally, it has been noted in some studies that changes in the abgR region are characteristic of some pathogenic strains of E. coli. The goal of this study was to characterize expression and regulation of the abg operon. Our hypothesis was that AbgR regulated expression of the divergently transcribed abgABT genes.


Flavour is among the key factors of apple fruit quality but in spite of the analytical and biochemical knowledge about volatiles little is known about the genetic and molecular bases of apple aroma. Two parental molecular linkage maps constructed for the apple cultivars 'Discovery' and 'Prima' were used to identify QTLs for volatile compounds putatively involved in apple aroma. 'Discovery' and 'Prima' showed very different volatile patterns, and 'Discovery' mostly had the higher volatile concentrations in comparison with the Vf- scab resistant 'Prima' which has its origin in the small-fruited apple species M. floribunda. About 50 putative QTLs for a total of 27 different apple fruit volatiles were detected through an interval mapping approach by using genotypic data of 150 F1 individuals of the mapping population 'C3' together with phenotypic data obtained by HS-SPME (head-space solid phase micro-extraction) gas chromatography. QTLs for volatile compounds putatively involved in apple aroma were found on 12 out of the 17 apple chromosomes. QTLs were mainly clustered on linkage groups LG 2, 3 and 9. In a candidate gene mapping approach, an alcohol acyltransferase gene (MdAAT2) putatively involved in aroma-related volatile metabolism, was mapped on linkage group LG 2. MdAAT2 was found to be associated with a QTL cluster containing QTLs for some important acetate esters such as butyl acetate, hexyl acetate, and 2-methyl butyl acetate.


This study aims to describe (1) the relevance of the implementation of the inclusive program for children with special needs; (2) input characteristics of those involved in the inclusive program; (3) the learning process; and (4) benefits of the inclusive program for children with special needs and the sustainability of the program. The data sources were classroom teachers, special guide teachers, and the principal. The data were collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires using the CIPP (Context Input Process Product) model. The data were analyzed using the. descriptive qualitative method on the basis of certain criteria. The research findings show that the implementation of the inclusive program in SDN .Gejayan is carried out in order to provide children with special needs with education together with normal children in regular classes. The results of the input evaluation show that there are 23 children with special needs consisting of 1 blind child,.l child with severely low vision, 1 mentally disabled child, ,1 autistic child, and 19 children with learning difficulties. There are 2 special guide teachers for deaf children and autistic' children with learning difficulties, so that the implementation of education for children with special needs has not met the criteria.· Learning activities for children with special needs are carried out twice a week by special guide teachers. The results of the product evaluation show that children with special needs can benefit from the implementation of the inclusive program because they are allowed to learn together with normal children in regular classes although their achievement is not as good as that of normal children.


knowledge structures regarding specific experiences. The lack of knowledge structures to interpret health information will prevent low health literates from creating abstract information in a manner related to the message. Instead, these individuals will create abstract opinions about the experience in a way not related to the main message. For instance, over time individuals low in health literacy will remember educational information as "I had fun," "it was a nice experience," rather than "organ donation is good for society," or "I should sign up for organ donation." Motivation will not be affected due to the unspecific nature of long-term recall. In the dissection example given above, one can note that I mention that the details of the dissection have become vague and generalized. This long-term recall effect will be different for everyone. I strongly assume that individuals that are very fond of frogs, like a veterinarian or


Arrangement for angular position detection of a shaft, wherein on the shaft a first shielding member is non-rotatably connected, wherein at least one permanent magnet is arranged on a side facing away from the shaft side, characterized, in that a fixedly disposed, second shielding member on the axially facing away from the shaft side arranged and disposed from the first shield member and the permanent magnet spaced wherein a circuit board is disposed between the second shielding member and the first shielding member and the permanent magnet, are arranged on the magnetic-field-sensitive sensors, wherein the shielding overlap in an axial region.


This article analyses the policy and practices of restructuring higher education in South Korea in light of the distinctive characteristics of Korean higher education development and government–higher education relations. The role of government in the development of higher education in Korea has been typically as a direct regulator rather than a coordinator. However, the global trend towards neo-liberal policies, such as privatization and a 'lean' state which coordinates market competition, began to be influential in Korea during the 1990s, which eventually led to a shift in higher education policies. There is a public rhetoric about neo-liberal public sector reforms and restructuring; and policy implementations are being made accordingly. The article critically reviews the current government's political rationale for restructuring higher education against the backdrop of 'globalization'. It is suggested that despite such influences, the Ministry of Education (MOE) has not yet shifted its role in regulating the higher education sector: the fundamental relations of the MOE and the higher education sector have not changed. This article discusses why and how the relations of government to higher education are, in fact, unchanging in Korea.


Introduction. Recently J. F. Adams [2, 3] gave an axiomatic treatment of stable secondary cohomology operations, and, applying this, proved the non-existence of elements of Hopf invariant one in ƒÎ2n-1(Sn)(n•†16). Owing to that work, the secondary cohomology operations turn out to be a useful tool in the algebraic topology, along with the primary operations, provided with satisfactory practical machinery, which will thus serve to solve not a few interesting problems. In the present paper, following the general scheme given by Adams, we shall extend his result on the mod 2 Hopf invariant to the mod p case, where p is an odd prime. It will be shown that the mod p Hopf invariant


Let E be a set with n elements, and let T(n, k) be the number of all labeled topologies having k open sets that can be defined on E. In this paper, we compute these numbers for k ≤ 17, and arbitrary n, as well as tN0(n, k), the number of all unlabeled non-T0 topologies on E with k open sets, for 3 ≤ k ≤ 8.


Technological developments and changes in globalisation towards the digital era are challenges that must be balanced with the learning process to strengthen the commitment of universities to emphasise character education and increase productivity, especially in learning. The research objective of developing learning media is to produce products in the form of multimedia-based learning media on Scouting courses. Media development will facilitate lecturers and students in lecture interactions to achieve planned competencies. The research method used is research and development (RnD) with an Instructional design approach with the ADDIE approach, which is an extension of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire and was supported by the acquisition of data based on interviews, observations, documentation, and Forum Group Discussion (FGD). Conclusions based on the results of testing using questionnaires obtained a percentage of 94% in the "Very Good" category. The media is then applied in the learning process in Scout courses to achieve lecture competencies, instil Scout values, and support the development of technology as a culture of culture and must lead to good things by the Indonesian National Qualification Framework (KKNI) curriculum applied. Keywords-Development, Media, Scouting


While measurement accuracy can be increased through continuously improving instrument precision, certain measurement errors can be eliminated via data processing using properly devised processing algorithms. Multi-point roundness error separation methods that are the subjects of study in this paper are reviewed, in particularly, three-point method and other multi-point methods that are based on three-point roundness error separation method, such as two-point method, mixed method and four-point method are summarized. Finally a comparison between each separation methods mentioned in this paper is made. Our views of future development trend in multi-point roundness error separation methods are presented.


Education
Universities trying to increase inclusivity need to better retain students of color and first-generation students. Murphy et al. found that an hour-long classroom intervention focused on students' sense of belonging increased the grade point averages of disadvantaged students (especially the most struggling students) in the semester of treatment, improved feelings of academic and social fit 1 year later, and increased retention in each of the following 2 years. Students read stories from upper-year students about the normalcy and temporariness of common challenges of college attendance and completed two writing assignments connecting their own experiences. The double-blind, randomized intervention, conducted through first-year writing courses at a broad-access Hispanic-serving institution shows that the correct short intervention can significantly affect retention.

Sci. Adv. 10.1126/sciadv.aba4677 (2020).


Background: Self-care activities include all health decisions and actions people make for themselves and families to stay healthy. It is any activity of an individual or family with the intention of improving or restoring health, treating and preventing disease. Aim of the study: was to identify self-care activities utilized by pregnant women, and to develop a nursing fact sheet as an educational message for vulnerable women. Research design: an exploratory descriptive design was utilized. Setting: the study was conducted at antenatal clinics and health centers at Mansoura city. Subjects: 600 pregnant women were recruited for this study. Tool of data collection: a structured interview questionnaire. Results: indicate that about half of the studied sample (50.2%) was between 20 and less than 25 years, only 18.2% had a university education. More than three fourths (78.8%) of women were primigravida, and 67.7% had more than 4 antenatal visits. Only 17.3% of women reported that they visited the dentist during pregnancy, 53.0% of women were showering three or more times per week and almost two thirds (69.8%) received vaccination. Most of them were exposed to heart burn, constipation, vaginal discharge, varicose veins and edema (74.5%, 56.0%, 73.3% and 51.7% respectively). More than one third of women always accept their mood changes and body changes and report danger signals (36.2%, 37.8% & 32.5% respectively). 50.7% always eats what is good for their babies, 40.3% sometimes spent time in seeking information about child care, 58.3% of studied women follow baby's movement and 47.1% was usually eager to breast feed her baby. A nursing fact sheet was developed based on the current finding as educational message to be disseminated to vulnerable women. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the majority of the studied women had deficient self-care practices related to the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Meanwhile, they suffered from minor discomfort of pregnancy but the majority used harmful practices to cope with these problems. Recommendations: Maternity nurses should arrange training sessions and provide pertinent information for pregnant women related to self-practices during pregnancy and the way of coping with minor discomfort. A fact sheet should be disseminated to vulnerable women.


Glyphosate (GLP) has been the most frequently used herbicide worldwide, including Europe. Due to its systemic, post-emergence, and non-selective characteristics, it offers optimal weed control without the need of mechanical treatments. Therefore, it is widely used in no-till practices. However, increasing awareness of its potential harmful effect to human health and ecosystems has led numerous countries to restrict or, even, ban its use. The EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate mode) model has been selected as a screening tool to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater to glyphosate contamination under different pedo-climatic and agronomic conditions across the Veneto Region (NE Italy), an area where the interaction of different pedo-climatic and agronomic conditions makes it difficult to predict site-specific GLP movement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a modified version of EPIC that includes a fast solution of Richards’ equation to predict GLP dynamics under shallow water table conditions. The experimental site was in Northeastern Italy and consisted of eight drainable lysimeters; 4 treatments, replicated twice, in factorial combination of two management practices (conventional -CV- and conservation -CA- agriculture) and two water table levels (60 and 120 cm). Degradation and movement of GLP in the soil profile were monitored in 2019 from May to September. The herbicide (144 mg m-2) was applied on bare soil in CV and on the cover crop (Secale cereale) in CA. Water samples were systematically collected at 15, 30 and 60 cm depth using suction cups, whose suction was regulated by an automated system that combined matric potential readings, provided by electronic tensiometers, with a vacuum regulator. Water samplings from groundwater were also performed. Soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-15 cm depth every other week. Weather and soil data were used as input to EPIC, while the GLP experimental results, along with yields, soil water content, evapotranspiration and water percolation data, were used to calibrate (from 2011 to 2017) and validate (from 2018 to 2019) the model. In all lysimeters, GLP reached the groundwater the day after the first irrigation event, with higher leaching in CV than in CA and at 120 than at 60 cm. After 40 days, GLP was almost completely dissipated in CA soil, while it was still detected in CV. EPIC was able to acceptably reproduce evapotranspiration (R2=0.76), yields (R2=0.74) and water percolation (R2= 0.59-0.90). In general, GLP predictions compared well with observations but the predictions in CV treatments were closer to observations than in CA treatments. This work showed the robustness of the modified EPIC, suggesting its use as a tool to assess the potential vulnerability of the groundwater under different management scenarios and water table levels.


Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) has developed the "E series" gear-cutting machines, designed for dry cutting and high productivity. While the lineup of GE series hobbing machines has already been completed, the SE25A is the only gear-shaping machine of this type that is currently available from MHI. Therefore, in an attempt to enhance this product area, we have developed the SE15A, a compact gear shaper that provides excellent high-speed cutting of small gears, especially the kind used in motorcycles. The SE15A attains high-efficiency gear shaping by suppressing the vibrations that are likely to occur at high stroke speeds, and also offers machine layouts that facilitate its introduction into mass production lines, as well as dry cutting, to further improve the productivity of small gear shaping.


Objective : To share our experience of microsurgical drezotomy in the management of severe spasticity and to assess the results of microsurgical drezotomy  for the treatment of lower-extremity spasticity. Method : Records of four patients with Severe Spasticity Grade 4 who underwent microsurgical L1-S2 drezotomy were analyzed. In all patients, drezotomy  was performed on all roots of the lower limbs (from L1 to S2) for spasticity of the lower extremity. The degree of spasticity was measured by the Modified Ashworth scale (grade 0-4). Spasticity relief in the immediate postoperative period, 6 weeks , 6 months ,12 months & 24 months was analyzed. Results : Total of 4 patients from July 2013 to May 2015 were included in the study. Mean age was 52 yrs . All were male patients having spastic quadriparesis following traumatic injury of the spinal cord. All patients had grade 4 Spasticity of both lower limbs according to Modified Ashworth Score. Patient's spasticity was not relieved by maximal medications and they had extensive flexors spasms which was affecting their activities of daily living (ADL). Comparing the preoperative and postoperative spasticity using the Modified Ashworth Scale, we observed improvement in all patients. None of the patients experienced severe, life-threatening postoperative complications. Conclusion : Patients whose are affected by severe spasticity, microsurgical drezotomy can provide good relief thereby helping them to get back to a better quality of life post trauma.


We developed a technique for calculating two-time correlation functions based on a quantum trajectory approach. Our method requires the simulation of the evolution of a given set of density matrices only once. The evaluation can be carried out from the density matrix data obtained for any quantities, time arguments and initial conditions. The computational efficiency of the method is estimated and an example of application is presented.


Real linear spaces equipped with core, directional, Klee and finite topologies are examined by cardinal functions such as density, cellularity, extent, character, weight and tightness. There are also stated the cardinality of the family of open and regularly open sets. Moreover, it is shown that there exists an open set G in the directional topology such that its interior in the finite topology is empty and the complement of G in every finite dimensional subspace is nowhere dense in the Euclidean topology.


A mesoporous silica sphere supported nano-CdS photocatalyst was prepared by growing CdS nanocrystal in-situ in the mesopores of silica sphere.The product was characterized by SEM,TEM,XRD,N2 adsorption/desorption.The XRD pattern exhibits the diffraction peaks of hexagonal CdS,and the mean crystallite size is 2.6 nm,in agreement with the most probable pore diameter of mesoporous silica sphere.The product was applied in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under visible light and exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than bulky CdS.UV-Vis DRS experiments indicate that the high photocatalytic activity benefits from the quantum size of the CdS.


Critical studies of Blake's poetry have, by and large, read the stars as images that belong to Urizen and that represent his world of destiny, mechanism, and tyranny. Although most critics would recognize that the stars are also the light of the Eternal Sun, now fragmented, few have actually applied this recognition to a reading of the poetry. In this study I propose to demonstrate that the stars of vision appear throughout Blake's poetry, together with the stars of the fallen world, as consistent, central images in his prophetic language.


In response to multiple listed companies that intentionally delay the disclosure of accident information,which leads to exacerbation of the pollution damage to the environment,Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China issued relevant documents,forced the listed companies of heavy pollution industries to disclose environmental information.Environmental protection departments only solves the environmental information disclosure problem,which does not innovate enterprise environmental performance evaluation system,not innovate the system of enterprises environmental behavior evaluation,hard drive companies to environmental responsibility endogenous active environmental strategy and environmental policy act,so that environmental pollution accidents may occur at any time.Given the facts of Japan's large enterprises to achieve sustainable development through environmental management,design of listed companies' environmental management rating evaluation system for China's heavy pollution industries will be a worthy study,the rating evaluation system must be able to penetrate into the specific level of enterprise environment management,to pass through the enterprise environment management strategy,the plan and the achievements three levels,so as to strengthen the evaluation capacity by industries.This paper discusses the theoretical framework of the evaluation system and future research ideas,and has important reference value for follow-up study.


The issues of forming regional transportation and logistics systems, as well as the characteristics of transportation infrastructure of Nur- Sultan City, are discussed in this article. One of the Republic of Kazakhstan's primary strategic objectives is the development of internal transportation infrastructure. As a result, the strategy places a special emphasis on the growth of the domestic market for transportation services. This is directly tied to the area's innovative transportation and logistics systems development. The authors investigated the challenges of integrating the republic's regional transportation networks into worldwide transportation and logistics commodity distribution systems in this regard. In particular, the creation of the Regional transport and logistics system (RTLS) of Nur-Sultan city was investigated. The RTLS of Nur-Sultan City has been studied for concerns with its operation. It is offered a model for the construction of a regional transportation and logistics system. The suggested model's main goal is to improve the efficiency of RTLS activities by ensuring that the region's commodity market interacts optimally with international and domestic transportation infrastructures.


The objective of this paper is to evaluate and assess the potential of multimedia Data hiding. The adaptive least significant bit LSB concept is presented to pixels of different grey levels. Data hiding in the presence of just noticeable difference JND models is taken into account, too. Aggressive compression and data hiding are invoked and analyzed. Assuming the same structure using JND models for data hiding and perceptual coding, we see that at best the data hiding capacity is equal to the increased storage requirements of the capacity of the information.


When demonstrations against Yemen's former regime first began in 2011, observers expressed surprise at two developments: first, that women led the demonstrations, and second, that Yemen's heavily armed tribes did not lead the country into civil war. Instead, a significant number of tribesmen went into cities to protect demonstrators from harm, and others protected their own communities from the incursions of outsiders. This article suggests that both developments are rooted in a deeply engrained tribal heritage that provides social capital, contributes to Yemeni society's resilience and counteracts stereotypes of primitivism by prioritizing mediation, dialogue and consensus above the facile use of force or terrorism. Ways in which this heritage can be harnessed to support national reconciliation and development are proposed. Yemen's tribal heritage is threatened by recurrent political and economic crises, various forms of modernism, and imported conservative interpretations of Islam that perceive tribalism as divisive and women's mobility unacceptable. By far the most serious threat to Yemen's population and heritage, however, is the current war unleashed by Saudi Arabia and its allies, which threatens to destroy the very foundations of Yemeni society. I first went to Yemen in 1978 to conduct doctoral dissertation research on the semiotics of dancing. At the time, I was gratified by the support I received from local scholars and the communities in which I worked, but my concern over high maternal and infant mortality rates led me to a career in international development, which I felt would be more 'useful' than research on culture and the arts. IJIA_5.2_Adra_301-337.indd 301 5/31/16 3:52 PM


The theoretical analysis of a single-row radial bearing with radial clearance under constant external radial load is presented in this paper. This analysis is focused on finding the rolling element deflection that allows determining the number of active rolling elements that participate in the load transfer. Taking into account the bearing internal geometry, a mathematical model to calculate the rolling elements deflections during the bearing rotation has been derived.


Studies on marine bivalves have demonstrated that suspension-feeding bivalves scan influence the function of ecosystems to a great extent. In dense populations, bivalves can dominate total ecosystem metabolism, nutrient cycling, and grazing of primary producers. Farrer' scallop (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) is a promising species, which has been widely cultured in the neritic waters in China, particularly in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Scallop farming has been bringing not only great economic benefit, but also great burden for the neritic ecosystem due to filtering food and releasing metabolic production. To estimate the effects on neritic ecosystem of scallop cultivation, the experiments were monthly conducted near Xiao Qingdao Island from March to September 2001. The biodeposition by Farrer' scallop and the effects of biodeposition on material flux were measured under natural cultivation conditions. THe Farrer' scallops, with body sizes of 30-76 mm shell height and 0.3-3.0 g dry tissue weight, were collected from the Maidao scallop farm south of Qingdao. The scallop samples were divided into three groups, according to their body size, they were small size (30-40 mm), middle size (50-60 mm) and big size (60-70 mm). Each group was arranged five parallel experiments. The results show that the biodeposition rates were 72.31-109.85 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1), 103.49-207.77 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) and 120.05-237.65 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) for small size, middle size and big size of Farrer' scallops, respectively. The amount of biodeposit was correlated positively with the shell length and weight, but the per gram body weight biodeposit negatively. With the water temperature rising from March to September, the chlorophyll a concentration in sea water increased from 1.8 μg·L~(-1) to 7.4 μg·L~(-1) and reached the peak values at 18.2 ℃ in June, then went down until September. The same tendency appeared in the contents of TPM, POM, POC and PON, but the fluactuation was relatively great. As a consequence, the biodeposition by each group scallops increased from 72.3 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) to 109.9 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1), 103.5 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) to 207.8 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) and 120.1 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) to 237.7 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1), then decreased to 79.0 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1), 174.2 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) and 178.8 mg·ind~(-1)·day~(-1) in August, respectively. Those demonstrated that water temperature and food concentration were important factors to affect biodeposition of Farrer' scallops.


In the process of rural labor migration,able-bodied young adults with high quality are high on the priority list,while people with low quality and the poor are left behind in rural areas,living on farming.That means there are plenty of labor but not enough human capital in rural areas.And the one-way continuous loss and net loss of rural human capital is not good for China's construction of new socialism villages.Against the background of human capital outflow,we must aside from the problem of surplus labor transfer,study also the way to heighten the overall level of rural human capital.All levels of financial departments have changed their favoritism toward urban areas in their resource disposal to invest more on peasant education,training and rural public health construction,making vigorous attempt at developing county-based regional economy and stepping up the urbanization development etc.These are all effective measures to improve the quality of rural human capital and to prevent rural elites from outflowing excessively.


Inhaled corticosteroids are one kind of local steroid with minimal systemic side effect and the first line medication choice of therapy for persistent asthma.This paper elucidates the recent studies on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids and ascertain the role on asthma therapy.


REZANINDA PRESTIANINGTYAS. Aspects of Reproductive Biology Selar Fish Yellow (Selaroides leptolepis Cuvier, 1833) in The Waters of The Sunda Strait, Banten Procince. Supervised by YON VITNER and YUNIZAR ERNAWATI. Small pelagic fish resources were landed in PPP Labuan Banten one of which is yellow trevally fish (Selaroides leptolepis). Yellow trevally fish has an important economic value in the Sunda Strait to the market demand for the yellow trevally fish that is high enough. The purpose of this study was to examine aspects of yellow trevally fish reproduction (Selaroides leptolepis) of Gulf waters in Banten PPP landed in Labuan, Banten. The data used is the length and weight of fish, fish sex, gonad maturity level (TKG), the weight and volume of the gonads, the number of eggs, and egg diameter. Yellow trevally fish possess a negative allometric growth patterns. Results of yellow trevally fish sex ratio in the state is not balanced by the number of trevally fish amounted to 221 female yellow tail fish and trevally number of 274 male yellow tail. , For female yellow trevally fish condition factor value that is equal to the lowest and highest 0,9155 and 1,0804, while for the value factors of male yellow trevally fish condition that is equal to 0,8689 and 1,0781.


This article describes the journey of Daniel, a child with learning difficulties, into authorship through one-to-one tutoring. It discusses the powerful and positive influence the introduction of book making and publication had on Daniel's enthusiasm for writing and writing fluency. All this is set within a discussion of recent work on writing process teaching.


I. Samardžić, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Slavonski Brod, Croatia. M. Dunđer, Department for Polytechnic, University of Rijeka, Croatia, M. Katinić, University of Applied Sciencees, Slavonski Brod, Croatia. N. Krnić, University of Split, Croatia The paper presents results of impact energy effects on real welded specimens of fine-grained high-strength S960QL steel, and elaborates the dependence of real welded specimen hardness on heat input. Results are obtained through measuring of hardness HV 10 and by experimental Charpy V-notch test. V-notch on test tubes was moved for 0,5 mm from the fusion line in the heat affected zone.


Fibroblast growth factor 21 ( FGF21 ) is a new member of the FGF family. Recent studies showed that FGF21 regulated glucose and lipid metabolism , and could be a new drug candidate for diabetes mellitus. To explore the physiological function of FGF21 , we used real-time PCR and Western blotting to detect the mRNA and protein levels of FGF21 expression under different physiological or pathological conditions. In 24- hour diurnal monitoring , the peak expression of FGF21 was found between 18 ~ 21 o'clock , which was the most active period for mouse , suggesting that FGF21 expression might relate to exercise. The FGF21 expression increased during fasting for different extents and decreased after re-feeding. The FGF21 mRNA levels decreased in 20 minutes after the gastric infusion of glucose , but increased in 20 minutes after gastric infusion of lipid , suggesting that glucose was a down-regulator of FGF21 , whereas lipids could be up- regulators. The liver FGF21 mRNA in MSG-induced obese mice was higher than those in normal mice , suggesting that the obesity could induce the expression of FGF21. Our findings showed that animal


Ab s t r Ac t Background: Code blue is generally used to indicate a patient requiring resuscitation or in need of immediate medical attention, most often as the result of a respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest. Every hospital as a part of its plans, sets a policy to determine which unit provides personnel or code blue coverage. It is very essential for every staff nurse to have an adequate knowledge regarding the code blue protocol to reduce the mortality rate especially in critical care units. A comparative study was conducted to assess the knowledge on code blue protocol between general ward and critical unit staff nurses at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute. Materials and methods: Descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. Sixty nurses (30 general ward nurses and 30 critical care unit nurses) selected by purposive sampling technique, from the general ward and critical care unit includes medical ward, surgical ward, orthopaedic ward and gynaecological ward at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry. The data collected by semi structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge on code blue protocol. Results: In critical care unit nurses, knowledge mean score is 19.30 and the standard deviation is 3.36. In general ward nurses, knowledge means the score is 15.23 and standard deviation is 2.19. The findings show that statistically highly significant (p ≤ 0.000). Conclusion: The critical care nurses are having more knowledge about code blue than general ward nurses. Code blue call is the life threatening scenario where it should be known to every nurse who was working in both critical care units and general wards.


The political struggle took various forms during Independence, and the iconography was one of the most relevant ones. Although it was assumed that the neoclassical language should be the new language, this was not easy, and persistent colonial models remained, both by the lack of an Academy, and by its persuasive value. By analyzing Alegoría a la muerte de Bolívar (Allegory of Bolívar's death), this article explores how this occurs in a painting made to glorify the hero and amend the unfavorable image that politicians had in Peru at the time of his death.


This paper presents the on‐going design and implementation of a robust inertial sensor based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using bearing‐only observations. A single color vision camera is used to observe the terrain from which image points corresponding to features in the environment are extracted. The SLAM algorithm estimates the complete six degrees‐of‐freedom motion of the UAV along with the three‐dimensional position of the features in the environment. An extended Kalman filter approach is used where a technique of delayed initialization is performed to initialize the three‐dimensional position of features from bearing‐only observations. Data association is achieved using a multihypothesis innovation gate based on the spatial uncertainty of each feature. Results are presented by running the algorithm off‐line using inertial sensor and vision data collected during a flight test of a UAV. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In the current issue ofAmerican Journal of Diseases of Children, uncommon manifestations of the battered child syndrome are discussed in two articles (pp 1335 and 1338) and a Marginal Comment (p 1265). In the comment, Kempe cites Caffey1who "described the whiplash-shaken infant syndrome caused by manual shaking of the trunk or extremities, resulting in intracranial and intraocular hemorrhage, and linked with residual brain damage and mental retardation, in the absence of any skull fracture." In addition, Kempe lists the following: (1) Retinal hemorrhages in the absence of any other evidence of intracranial bleeding of skin and roentgenographic manifestations; (2) subgaleal hematomas caused by pulling of braids or a handful of hair; (3) handprint bruises in which a clear area is surrounded by a series of four or five fingermarks; (4) human bite marks of the characteristic semicircular appearance; ( 5 ) genital injuries, especially those due to biting or


Lithium silicate (Li 4 SiO 4 ) and lithium zirconate (Li 2 ZrO 3 ) absorb CO 2 in a lower temperature range and the absorbed CO 2 is released reversibly in a higher temperature region. In this study, various metal oxides and hydroxides and their complex oxides containing Li were investigated for their CO 2 absorption properties at different temperatures in order to get better understanding of the related mechanism. The inflection points in the TG curves, at which predominant reaction changes from CO 2 absorption to CO 2 release, are observed at around 973 K for Li 4 SiO 4 and Li 2 ZrO 3 . The CO 2 absorption is based on the formation of Li 2 CO 3 through the decomposition of Li-containing complex oxides. From the experimental results and thermodynamical calculations, it is noticed that CO 2 absorption takes place very slowly in spite of large equilibrium constant in the lower temperature region below 873 K, while the absorption at 973 K happens quickly. When the absorption at 973 K and the release at 1273 K are repeated 5 times for Li 4 SiO 4 , the material maintains its crystal structure to give CO 2 absorption and release. On the other hand, CaO shows an inflection point at 1173 K in the TG curve. Magnesium oxide and hydroxide do not react with CO 2 below 1273 K.


When Michael Oakeshott died in 1990, he left much unpublished material, including fully elaborated essays and complete full-length manuscripts. This volume contains selected items from these works based on a series of eight lectures delivered in 1958.


Ami Pedahzur and Arie Perliger provide an excellent addition to the literature on terrorism with their book. This volume is well written and valuable in a number of different areas, not the least o...


A first step towards an 'ethnography of Nazi law' is the exclusion of traditional views on this topic: first (in ch. 1) Radbruch's qualification of the Nazi made after 1945 as an Unrechtsstaat, a t...


Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy and a major public health concern worldwide. Considering the public health risk posed by HCC, it is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying liver cancer progression in order to identify more therapeutic targets. In this study, we will elucidate the role of LncRNA HULC in regulating HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the miR-372/CXCR4 axis. Material and MethodsTarget genes were predicted using the online TargetScan database. Cell models of gene over-expression and silencing were established by transfection, and the mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis were measured by the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. In situ protein expression in tissues was examined by immunohistochemical staining. Results HULC and CXCR4 were upregulated and miR-372 was downregulated in HCC tissue and cells. TargetScan prediction and dual luciferase assay revealed that miR-372 can target HULC or CXCR4. Furthermore, HULC and CXCR4 enhanced the viability of HCC cells, whereas miR-372 had the opposite effect. Consistent with this, HULC and CXCR4 increased the proliferation of these cells and miR-372 showed an inhibitory effect. Furthermore, HULC and CXCR4 blocked apoptosis in liver cancer cells and miR-372 facilitated the same. Finally, HULC and CXCR4 promoted EMT, as indicated by E-cadherin downregulation and Vimentin upregulation, whereas miR-372 had the opposite effects. Conclusion HULC upregulates CXCR4 in HCC cells by inhibiting miR-372, which in turn promotes the proliferation, inhibits the apoptosis and accelerates the EMT of HCC cells.


for an Invited Paper for the MAR09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Mbar Chemistry: Novel States of Matter in Extreme Conditions CHOONG-SHIK YOO, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2816 USA Compression energy at 100 GPa often exceed several eV/atom, rivaling the energy of strong chemical bonds. Therefore, the application of such a high pressure significantly alters the chemical, electronic/optical, thermomechanical properties of solids and, in turn, provides a way to test condensed matter theory and to exploit novel materials with advanced properties. Furthermore, reeent advances in diamondanvil cell high-pressure technologies coupled with advanced third-generation synchrotron x-ray offer unprecedented opportunities to discover exotic states of matter at high pressure-temperature conditions of the Earth and planetary interiors. In this paper, I will discuss several recent results of high-pressure chemistries that occur in simple low Z molecular solids to novel novel nonmolecular extended solids. Broadly speaking, these molecular-to-nonmolecular transitions occur as a result of the pressure-induced electron delocalization arising from a rapid increase in electron kinetic energy at high density. Yet, the details are substantially more complicated because of the phase metastability, large lattice strain, and governing kinetics. As a result, there are many outstanding questions regarding the exact nature of chemical bonding, phase stability, and transition mechanisms. Also, presented are several future directions of high pressure materials research in an complementary phase and time scales of dynamic and static high pressures.


Background:  There are frequent concerns about early immunizations among the parents of children at heightened risk for atopy. The study assessed the effect of vaccine immunization before the first birthday on eczema severity and allergic sensitization in the second year of life.


The very first Turkish-Egyptian expedition reported numerous descriptions by neighboring peoples of the Nuer as fearsome warriors. They constantly lived up to their reputation. D. H. Johnson drew on this so-called stereotype to criticize Evans-Pritchard's work and argue that the Nuer were prophets and men of peace. The manner in which Johnson uses oral and written sources is often highly contestable. In reality, the Nuer are  women and men of peace and war.


The successful start-up, in the last months of 1995, of the 250 MW Provence/Gardanne unit represents a significant milestone in the development of atmospheric Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers for power stations. This high performance unit (over 700 tonnes/hour of steam at 169 bar, 567 C, with reheat at 566 C) has been in operation since April 1996. It is the first CFB boiler in the world to reach such a capacity. CFB boilers, with their excellent SO{sub 2} and NOx emission control capability, are today recognized as a very attractive Clean Coal Technology, particularly because of their simplicity. The Provence/Gardanne project is part of a French development program for large CFB boilers which has been elaborated in the perspective of domestic applications (mainly future semi-base load units) and of the overseas market. It responds to the converging interests of Electricite de France (EDF), Charbonnages de France (CdF)and GEC ALSTHOM Stein Industrie. Besides comprehensive R and D-type investigations aiming at an in-depth understanding of the CFB process and preparing for future scale-up and development, this program has already been marked by two outstanding commercial repowering projects: a 125 MW unit, in operation since 1990 at the Emile Huchet Power Station,more » and the 250 MW Provence unit. These boilers have been designed and supplied by GEC ALSTHOM Stein Industrie in the framework of their long standing cooperation with Lurgi, a pioneer of the CFB process. The main components are: (1) Furnace; (2) Cyclone; (3) Back-pass; (4) Ash cooler; (5) External Heat Exchanger. However, a brief discussion of some key design options affecting bed performance is necessary to better understand this technology. The paper describes the design of the system, the retrofitting project at Emile Huchet/Carling, and then gives background information on the Provence/Gardanne retrofit, describing SO{sub 2} emissions, the 250 MW boiler, and results from the performance tests. The recent performance tests as well as the operating experience already accumulated demonstrates that the Provence Clean Energy Project participants have successfully overcome the scale-up challenge represented by the construction of the first 250 MW CFB boiler in the world. This simple and attractive clean coal technology is now ready for many commercial applications in power stations. Units up to 300-400 MW can be built right now, using the lessons learned at Provence. Development of 600 MW-class CFB boilers, subcritical or supercritical, appears within reach in the near future.« less


By using the divergence logic frequently used in the chemistry, this paper makes analysis on the causes why the stock price of Chinese stock market slumped in 2004, and makes the estimation and prospect on the developing trends of Chinese stock market in 2005.


German-born Charles Mohr (1824–1901) spent most of his adult life working as a pharmacist in Mobile, Alabama. In addition, he contributed multiple scientific and popular articles on the botany of the Southeastern United States. Suffering from many physical ailments, he sought treatment in thermal baths and cool climates, including Asheville, North Carolina. There he was able to work with botanists at the newly established Biltmore Herbarium. In early 1900, he and his family moved to Asheville, where he completed reading the proof of his magnum opus, Plant Life of Alabama. He died in Asheville 17 July 1901—two weeks before his book was published—and is buried there.


Program nine years of compulsory education in Indonesia started launched in 1994 and finished in the year targeted 2008. However, in practice still have a lot of obstacles, among others, is the cost factor, the means of schooling, and the circumstances that require students to work, so that the target of completing the nine-year compulsory education as a whole have not been met. Special Province of DKI Jakarta program compulsory education of 9-year, has been successfully completed. Gross Enrollment Rate (GER) Junior High School for DKI Jakarta province in 2004 has reached 102.86%, while for senior high school by 81.41%. Based on these facts, it should provincial DKI Jakarta began improving education quality by improving citizens 12 years of mandatory programs. This is in accordance with the development of Jakarta as a city service that is parallel to the major cities the other in Asia, which requires human resources and strong excel in the service industry. In order for completing compulsory education reached 12 years, still required additional budget from the state budget, budget and community participation and the business world. Financing programs compulsory education to 12-year, should be directed to the management and supervision of financial resources and improving the quality of education.


While using a speaker verification (SV) based system in a commercial application, it is important that customers have an inclusive experience irrespective of their gender, age, or ethnicity. In this paper, we analyze the impact of gender and age on SV and find that for a desired common False Acceptance Rate (FAR) across different gender and age groups, the False Rejection Rate (FRR) is different for different gender and age groups. To optimize FRR for all users for a desired FAR, we propose a context (e.g. gender, age) adaptive thresholding framework for SV. The context can be available as prior information for many practical applications. We also propose a concatenated gender/age detection model to algorithmically derive the context in absence of such prior information. We experimentally show that our context-adaptive thresholding method is effective in building a more efficient inclusive SV system. Specifically, we show that we can reduce FRR for specific gender for a desired FAR on the voxceleb1 test set by using gender-specific thresholds. Similar analysis on OGI kids' speech corpus shows that by using an age-specific threshold, we can significantly reduce FRR for certain age groups for desired FAR.


Broadband magnetic loss and damping behavior of Co-based amorphous ribbons and thin films have been investigated. The permeability and loss response of the transverse anisotropy ribbon samples in the frequency range DC to 1 GHz is interpreted in terms of combined and distinguishable contributions to the magnetization process by domain wall displacements and magnetization rotations. The latter alone are shown to survive at the highest frequencies, where the losses are calculated via coupled Maxwell and Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equations. Remarkably high values of the LLG damping coefficient α = 0.1–0.2 are invoked in this theoretical prediction. Direct measurements of α by pulsed inductive microwave magnetometry are thus performed, both in these laminae and in amorphous films of identical composition, obtaining about one order of magnitude increase of the α value upon the 100 nm÷10 μm thickness range. This confirms that dissipation by eddy currents enters the LLG equation via large increase of the dam...


Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/ijaaa Part of the Aeronautical Vehicles Commons, Atmospheric Sciences Commons, Aviation and Space Education Commons, Aviation Safety and Security Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, International Economics Commons, Maintenance Technology Commons, Management and Operations Commons, Navigation, Guidance, Control and Dynamics Commons, Other Aerospace Engineering Commons, Other Environmental Sciences Commons, Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, Public Policy Commons, Science and Technology Studies Commons, Tourism and Travel Commons, and the Transportation Commons


Aims. The AGILE gamma-ray burst GRB 080514B is the first burst with detected emission above 30 MeV and an optical afterglow. However, no spectroscopic redshift for this burst is known. Methods. We compiled ground-based photometric optical/NIR and millimeter data from several observatories, including the multichannel imager GROND, as well as ultraviolet Swift UVOT and X-ray XRT observations. The spectral energy distribution of the optical/NIR afterglow shows a sharp drop in the Swift UVOT UV filters that can be utilized for the estimation of a red shift. Results. Fitting the SED from the Swift UVOT uvw2 band to the H band, we estimate a photometric redshift of z = 1.8 +0.4 −0.3, consistent with the pseudo redshift reported by Pelangeon & Atteia (2008) based on the gamma-ray data. Conclusions. The afterglow properties of GRB 080514B do not differ from those exhibited by the global sample of long bursts, supporting the view that afterglow properties are basicall y independent of prompt emission properties.


The following investigation has as its main objetive the description of the relationship that exists between Emotional Intelligence and the degree of the State – Trait of Anxiety; for this a descriptive and correlational investigation was carried out. The participants were 166 individuals between 16 and 26 years of age in an Institute of Higher Learning in Lima, Peru. A Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory and Spielberg's State - Trait Anxiety Inventory were applied. The results found the existence of a highly significant relationship between the Total Emotional Intelligence and the level of State - Trait Anxiety Inventory. According to the Emotional Intelligence component it was found that 81% of the participants presented an adequate level of Emotional Intelligence and with respect to the State - Trait Anxiety Inventory it was found that around 81% had a low level of anxiety. In conclusion, the hypothesis was deemed affirmative.


This study investigated the correlations of general knowledge, vocational interests, and personality with trainee teachers' attitudes and perceived capabilities in teaching physics and technology topics in kindergarten and primary school. A quantitative survey was composed using the Nature–Human–Society questionnaire, the general knowledge test BOWIT, the general interest structure test AIST-R, and the 10-item Big Five Inventory. The sample consisted of 196 female trainee teachers for kindergarten and primary school, and the results showed that only a few trainee teachers favoured teaching physics and technology topics. The bivariate analyses indicated that investigative and realistic interests were highly correlated with their confidence in teaching physics and technology topics, followed by significant relationships with possessing general knowledge in science and technology. The relationships with personality, especially neuroticism and extraversion, were also evident, but they were not as strong. The results were further differentiated in various subgroups (i.e., a group who favoured teaching physics and technology topics versus a group who did not, as well as a group with the typical interest profile of kindergarten and primary-school teachers versus a group with a social and investigative interest profile), which provided additional insights.


In practical terms, the idea of using an artificial magnetic field is of particular interest, which corresponds in its physical characteristics to the geomagnetic field of the Earth to combat the negative effects of hypogeomagnetic field. Further development of this idea is associated with the use and selection of hypo-, hypermagnetic fields acting on the body with experimental pathology. In this regard, the issue of influence of different duration of irradiation with an alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency (APEMF ULF) on the indicators that characterize metabolic processes in the body is insufficiently clarified. Therefore, the aim of research has been to study the effect of alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency on protein content and protein metabolism in the body of experimental chickens of the Dominant D959 cross. For this purpose, four experimental and control groups of 120-day-old chickens have been formed – 20 heads in each. The poultry has been kept in a specially equipped room with an alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency. The total protein content has been determined by the biuret method; protein fractions (albumins, globulins: alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, gamma) – by diffuse polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) electrophoresis; the content of creatinine, urea and uric acid has been performed by spectrophotometry using standard techniques. According to the results of research, it has been established that by selecting different regimens and duration of action of APEMF ULF, it is possible to influence protein metabolism in the body of chickens. Thus, on the 80th day of continuous irradiation of experimental chickens with APEMF ULF, regardless of the level of protein in the diet, in their blood revealed an increase in total protein, the relative content of globulin fraction mainly due to γ-globulins, and an increase in creatinine, urea and uric acids. When the period of continuous irradiation has been increased to 5 months, a negative effect on protein metabolism has been revealed, which has been manifested by a decrease in total protein content, relative albumin content, decrease in creatinine, urea and uric acid in the serum of experimental chickens. The combination of long-term (for 150 days) daily 60 minutes with weekly intervals of irradiation of chickens with APEMF ULF and their feeding with a 15% increase in protein levels in the diet caused a stimulating effect on protein metabolism and resistance of experimental chickens, with increasing, the relative content of globulins due to the γ-globulin fraction, as well as the main indicators of protein metabolism – creatinine, urea, uric acid.
Key words: electromagnetic influence, chicken of Dominant D959 cross, total protein, protein fractions, creatinine, urea, uric acid.


ABSTRACT Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) is one of the 10 most problematic weeds in the world. Its control using chemical herbicides is not completely effective. Aceria malherbae is a mite used successfully as a biological agent to control field bindweed. Effective implementation of this kind of biocontrol requires high-quality production of these mites. The purpose of this study was to investigate different quality indicators for effectively rearing A. malherbae under greenhouse conditions. The indicators considered were number of gallmites (adults, immature stages, and eggs), number of developed stems per plant, and number of galls per stem. We used 25 plots with 10 pots per plot, testing a sub-sample from one-fourth of these pots. The Shewhart chart or process–behavior chart was applied to determine basic statistics (means and range) and acceptance and rejection limits. Rejection limits for inferior plots were set at 3.9 developed stems per plant, 5.2 galls per stem, 7.4 adults, 32 nymphs, and 11 eggs, per plot. We also propose for quality control that the number of developed stems per plant and the number of galls per stem be routinely counted to detect any reduced quality of mite production. The results suggest that these indicators could be used for assessing quality control in large-scale reproduction of A. malherbae.


Lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) films were deposited by the metallorganic decomposition (MOD) process using multilayer spinning. The crystallization kinetics, the evolution of the crystallographic structure, the dielectric behavior, and the ferroelectric properties were studied. It was found that a perovskite structure crystallizes from decomposed amorphous precursors in the temperature range 420-570 degrees C. A metastable pyrochlore phase always forms during the crystallization of the films from the amorphous phase, with an activation energy and a frequency factor of 143 kJ/mol and 7.9*10/sup 9/ s/sup -1/, respectively. Two modifications of the perovskite structure can be obtained for PLZT(8/0/100). One is rhombohedral with a=0.3948 nm and alpha =89.61 degrees for annealing in air at 550 degrees C; the other is tetragonal with a=0.3909 nm, c=0.4046 nm, and c/a=1.035.<<ETX>>


The aim of this paper is to introduce a method for analysing a specific kind of contemporary tourism positioned between two different traditional customs: visiting museums and going to pilgrimage sites. The case studies provided are focused on Italian shrine museums where it is difficult to ascertain whether visitors are cultural tourists or pilgrims or a combination of both. Regardless, the tourist flows and networks created by Italian shrine museums can provide promising elements for local development. Four case studies that are representative of different regions in Northern Italy and have specific features in common have been chosen: shrines dedicated to the Holy Virgin; museums that exhibit different types of objects; and smaller museums and shrines. The case studies are the Shrine of the Madonna delle Grazie in Garessio (Piedmont), the Madonna del Bosco Shrine in Imbersago (Lombardy), the Madonna della Misericordia Shrine in Genoa (Liguria) and, the Santuario delle Grazie in Rimini (Emilia Romagna). Each of the case studies is significant not only for how it illustrates both the different ways in which shrines and museums can be connected, but also how they impact on the cultural enhancement of the territory. The method we illustrate also makes it possible to evaluate different kinds of connections between other tourism institutions and experiences, with the aim of introducing well-defined actions capable of enhancing tourist experiences elsewhere.


The Popular Republic of Mozambique was founded on 25 June 1975, after a ten-year guerilla struggle against Portuguese rule. Its new government was formed by the Independence Movement, Frente de Liberaqao do Moqambique (FRELIMO), whose leader, Samora Machel, became President. The new government immediately set about transforming the country politically, socially and economically. In this they were guided by the ideology of the Soviet Union, China, and Tanzania, the countries which had assisted their guerilla battle against Portugal, and by the experience gained in running the 'liberated areas' during the latter years of colonial administration. Although still in its early stage, this transformation is already having an impact on all areas of life. However, it faces a number of serious obstacles especially with regard to the economy. At the root of these is the economic structure which Mozambique has inherited from its former colonisers.


We present an improved model for computing the band diagram and diode current of biased metal–semiconductor–metal systems. We also introduce open-boundary conditions that enable the modelling of metal–semiconductor–vacuum configurations, where the driving force is the external electric field. This model includes an exact computation of the transmission through the surface barrier. The applications focus on n-doped GaN layers. In particular, it is shown that charges accumulate at the surface of the semiconductor, with the effect of screening the external field almost completely. The remaining value essentially depends on the emission current and charge density. This contrasts with a value determined directly from the external field and the dielectric constant. It also appears that the Schottky barrier at the back contact may be the main obstacle to the emission of high currents. Finally we show that, using low electron affinity materials, substantial emission above the Fermi level of the supporting metal may be achieved.


The biodegradation rates of mono-substituted phenols were expressed as the combination of two or three parameters described above; in addition to F and R that were common parameters in all cases, MR was significant for metaand para-derivatives with cresol-adapted sludge, and 10gPow was significant for ortho-derivatives with nonand phenol-adapted sludge. These experiments were conducted using mixed bacterial culture with different reaction mechanisms; metaand parasubstituted phenols were degraded mainly via meta-ring-fission pathway by phenoland cresol-adapted activated sludge and via ortho-ring-fission pathway in non-adapted one, while ortho-derivatives were degraded mainly via ortho-ring-fission pathway by all sludges. Reliability of these parameters for determining the biodegradabilty of these phenols would be enhanced if it could be proved that the biodegradability with pure culture is also determined by these parameters.


The invention relates to insecticide and acaricide compositions containing bialaphos. The compositions of the invention are particularly useful in the fight against moths and mites including spider mites and Eryophides.


Part 1 Dynamical models: progress in understanding the dynamics of coherent structures in the wall layer, control and simulation (plenary talk), G. Berkooz et al vortex model of turbulent boundary layer, S. Kuwabara. Part 2 Turbulence modelling: closure of the two-point correlation equation in physical space as a basis for Reynolds stress models, M. Oberlack and N. Peters applications of K-epsilon models of the transition of natural convection boundary layers, R.A.W.M. Henkes. Part 3 High speed flows: modelling hypersonic flows with second-moment closure, P.G. Huang and T.J. Coakley surface measurements investigating the dynamics of shocks and shock-boundary layer interference on transonic airfoils, M. Swoboda et al. Part 4 Numerical simulation: improved approximation of wall shear stress boundary conditions for large eddy simulation (plenary talk), T.G. Bagwell et al direct numerical simulation of the unsteady separated flow over a bump, S. Rida and K. Dang-Tran. Part 5 Inner layer structure: origin of turbulence-producing eddies in a channel flow, J.W. Brooke and T.J. Hanratty turbulent boundary layer modification by generation of counter-rotating vortices within the buffer region, A.A. Fontaine et al. Part 6 Coherent structures and instabilities: on the instability of the Stokes boundary layer, T. Sarpkaya theoretical models for the coherent structures in a turbulent boundary layer, H. Zhou and J.-S. Luo. Part 7 Experimental methods and measurements: velocity and temperature derivative measurements in the near-wall region of a turbulent duct flow (plenary talk), Y. Zhu et al measurement of mean velocity in a complex turbulent flow, R.K. Singh and R.S. Azad. Part 8 Drag reduction: polymer drag reduction of zero and adverse pressure gradient boundary layers, J.E. Koskie and W.G. Tiederman drag reduction by means of surface riblets on an inclined body of revolution, M. Schneider and A. Dinkelacker. Part 9 Bluff body blows: on the impingement flow of turbulent jet to a circular cylinder near a flat plate, Y. Tsuchiya et al. Part 10 Transitional flows: some recent progress in the turbulent modelling of by-pass transition (plenary talk), A.M. Savill. Part 11 Boundary layers: characterization of dynamically active events in turbulent boundary layers, H.M. Nagib et al. Part 12 Three-dimensional and separated flows: instability around an isolated roughness in the boundary layer, T. Motohashi et al. Part 13 Invited talks: some considerations on measurements in fluid dynamics, D.W. Bechert recent ideas and developments in the modelling of wall turbulence, A.E. Perry et al renormalization group modelling and turbulence simulations, S.A. Orszag et al.


The article is devoted to the problem of psychology students professional selfactualization, who are experiencing a crisis of professional readiness. The theoretical model of professional self-actualization based on scientific and theoretical analysis is highlighted, such factors as: emotional-volitional, cognitive, reflexive, physiological-somatic, social interaction are shown. The article presents the results of an empirical study of professional self-actualization and manifestations of a professional readiness crisis among future psychologists. Using a factor analysis, a model of psychology students professional actualization was formed, which includes the following factors: "Distress symptoms of future psychologists due to frustration of needs and impossibility of fulfilling own existence", "Emotional burnout as a manifestation of the professional readiness crisis of future psychologists", "Personal features as a factor of communicative and epistemological self-actualization of psychology students", "Emotional background as a factor of psychology students self-actualization", "Locus of control as a factor of practical psychologists self-actualization in the profession and personal life", "Self-esteem as a determinant of self-actualization of psychology students", "The psychologist's appearance as an indicator of his existential fullness", "Motivation as a factor of psychology students selfactualization", "Informal education as a significant factor of self-actualization of the future psychologist", "The presence of clear professional plans as an indicator of the realization of a future psychologist during studying" and "Lack of professional experience as a basis for the emergence of professional inferiority and anxiety feelings".


After a brief summary of the nanoparticles developed in the field of photodynamic therapy (PDT), the presentation will focus on the interest of using of multifunctional nanoparticles for the treatment of malignant gliomas. PDT for brain tumors appears to be complementary to conventional treatments. Number studies show the major role of the vascular effect in the tumor eradication by PDT. For interstitial PDT of brain tumors guided by real-time imaging, multifunctional nanoparticles consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) peptide and encapsulated photosensitizer and MRI contrast agents, have been designed by our group. Nanoplatforms confer photosensitivity to cells and demonstrate a molecular affinity to NRP-1. Intravenous injection into rats bearing intracranial glioma exhibited a dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for angiogenic endothelial cells lining the neovessels mainly located in the peripheral tumor. By using MRI completed by NRP-1 protein expression of the tumor and brain adjacent to tumor tissues, we checked the selectivity of the nanoparticles. This is the first in vivo proof of concept of closed-head iPDT guided by real-time MRI using targeted ultrasmall nanoplatforms. Another approach will be also discussed: the combination of radiotherapy and PDT for the treatment of malignant cerebral gliomas, employing scintillating nanoparticles. With this novel therapeutic approach limited light penetration problem could be overcome and activation of the photosensitizer within tumors is performed using ionizing radiation.


OBJECTIVE
The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of neuropathic pain according to the new International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) grading system. The secondary objective was to compare the system classification of neuropathic pain with the classification of neuropathic pain according to a patient-administered screening questionnaire.

SETTING
A Multidisciplinary Pain Center.

SUBJECTS
One hundred twenty patients with a variety of chronic pain conditions referred to a multidisciplinary pain center.

METHODS
Consecutively referred patients filled out the PainDETECT Questionnaire before the first consultation. During the first consultation, patients had pain history taken and bedside examination performed by a pain specialist. Patients were classified according to the score on the PainDETECT Questionnaire and graded according to the IASP grading system about the certainty of neuropathic pain.

RESULTS
According to the IASP grading system, 22 patients (18.3%) classified as probable or definite neuropathic pain and 90 patients (75%) as unlikely neuropathic pain. According to the PainDETECT Questionnaire, 55 patients (45%) were classified as likely neuropathic pain and 13 patients (10.8%) as unlikely neuropathic pain. Eleven patients (20%) who were classified as neuropathic pain according to PainDETECT were also classified as probable or definite neuropathic pain by the new IASP grading system.

CONCLUSIONS
According to the new IASP grading system, less than 20% of the patients referred to a multidisciplinary pain center fulfilled the criteria for neuropathic pain. The classification of neuropathic pain with the IASP system varies from the classification of neuropathic pain with the use of a self-administered screening questionnaire.


We answer the following question: given any n∈ℕ, which is the minimum number of endpoints en of a tree admitting a zero-entropy map f with a periodic orbit of period n? We prove that en=s1s2…sk−∑i=2ksisi


At the British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics day conference held at the London Institute of Education in March 2011 we presented evidence for the existence of a substitutive conception of the equals sign. During the session, Jeremy Hodgen (Figure 1) questioned the use of active and passive items in the instrument, suggesting our results demonstrate not a substitutive conception but rather children's preference for passive items. This is an astute observation, and one we have investigated albeit within the context of operational rather than substitutive conceptions. Specifically, we hypothesised and tested whether Year 7 children ( N=99) distinguished between imperative (active) and punctuative (passive) formulations of the operational conception. We found no difference, thereby refuting both our own hypothesis and Hodgen's suggestion. In this paper we present these previously unpublished findings.


Purpose: This study analyzed the quality properties of cookies made with sea tangle powder in order to improve bowel movements in pregnant women. Methods: To identify the optimal sensory mixing ratio using response surface analysis of sea tangle cookies with sea tangle powder and sugar as independent variables and following a central composite design, which is required for optimizing manufacturing conditions. Results: Based on the results of modeling experimental results and verification of significance, a linear model was selected for color (brightness, redness, yellowness) and moisture content, a 2FI model was selected for hardness and a quadratic model was selected for spreadability. Sea tangle powder was the most significant variable affecting brightness, redness, and yellowness among the mechanical characteristics of cookies. These characteristics were inversely correlated with the amount of sea tangle powder added (p<0.01). Hardness was positively correlated with the amount of sugar (p<0.05), and spreadability was also positively correlated with the amount of sea tangle powder (p<0.05). The test results for the sensory characteristics of cookies made with sea tangle powder showed that the amount of sea tangle powder increased color, smell, flavor, texture, and overall preferences with positive correlations. However, these properties began to decrease at a certain point, where additional sea tangle powder made cookies worse in terms of smell (p<0.01), flavor (p<0.05), and overall quality (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, the optimal mixing ratio for cookies made with sea tangle powder was 5.80 g of sea tangle and 50.71 g of sugar. This study suggests that cookies made with sea tangle powder are effective in relieving constipation in pregnant women.


Archives are a frequently untapped resource for novelists. Accounts of daily life, the lives of individuals, details of specific eras, and other minutiae found in the documents and memorabilia housed in archives can be used to fill out the essential scenes and events of the stories. Such facts and personal details help fiction writers make their stories real to readers and keep misconceptions and factual errors out. This study looks at the limited literature on the subject of authors in archives and presents examples of the types of information housed in particular archives to illustrate the kinds of details that could be useful in writing fiction. This study also demonstrates to archivists ways in which they can help authors to become aware of the value of archives in their research and to help them find the documents that would be most useful, based in part on this author's experience as a novelist, a member of several writers' groups, and panelist at numerous genre conventions attended by writers, editors, publishers, agents, and fans. In order for archivists to know how to help writers of fiction in their research they must have an understanding of the needs of these writers and how they differ from the needs of more traditional researchers, such as academics, scholars, and genealogists. Most novelists and other fiction writers are quite familiar with researching in libraries and on the Internet, but they sometimes have little or no experience researching in archives or primary sources. They often begin working on a story with only a general idea of what it is to be about, and thus have only a general idea of what information they need or where to find it. Some articles were found for this study that compared the informationseeking behavior of historians and that of writers of fiction. In her essay on the similarities between the telling of history and the telling of stories, Nancy F. Partner says Fiction's persuasive force, its "sense of reality," results from an author's ability to offer the reader a suggestive array of fictional elements that satisfy the requirements of possible reality in the shared world of writer and reader. The historian, using techniques that differ only a little from those of a novelist, has to persuade the reader not only of the possible reality of his array of 1 Osborne: Novelists in Archives Published by DigitalCommons@USU, 2010 verbal elements, but that those on display in the text are "guaranteed" by their relation (reference, logical inference) to things outside the text and thus the result is a real mimesis. One question authors of genre fiction hear often is "Where do you get your ideas?" For these authors, ideas are everywhere; but they are just the starting point. The story is in the details, getting the right feel in the story, making it real for the authors themselves and ultimately for the readers. As Margaret Atwood stated in a presentation in 1996, "This fictional world so lovingly delineated by the writer may bear a more obvious or a less obvious relation to the world we actually live in, but bearing no relation to it at all is not an option." Authors often place their stories in a real place or historical moment or era. Once, a reader whose "guilty pleasure" was Regency romances (which are set in the period between 1811 and 1820) was reading a novel by an author with whom she was unfamiliar. In the story, the main character picked up the phone to make lunch arrangements with her friend. A little research would have told the author that telephones were invented decades after this period. And that reader never picked up a book by that author again. In another case, an author set his story in an existing town in the Midwest, and had his characters moving from place to place on the actual streets to be found on maps of the city. Usually, this gives a sense of reality and familiarity. However, readers living in the town wrote to the author informing him that on page seventyfive, his character could not have turned left down Water Street in the period in which the story was set because that street was then one-way and he was going the wrong way. The first example of error (the telephone in the Regency novel) could have been avoided with simple research on the Internet or in a library, or even by reading other novels placed in the Regency Period. In the second example, however, the error might have been avoided by looking up information in archives in that particular city, perhaps official city records or historical collections. Careful authors do extensive research. Many experienced novelists and other fiction writers are aware of archives as sources of information, while newer writers may not be. Since as a rule, fiction writers are not professional researchers, they often have little knowledge of what information is available and where. They might begin with only a general idea of what information they need or if such information is even available. This is due only to a lack of knowledge concerning the existence and usefulness of archives and perhaps a tendency to believe that the Internet and libraries are the best or only sources. Although many facts are easily available from 1. Nancy F. Partner, "Making Up Lost Time: Writing on the Writing of History," Speculum 61 (1986): 97. 2. Margaret Atwood, "In Search of Alias Grace: On Writing Canadian Historical Fiction," The American Historical Review 103 (1998): 1504. 2 Journal of Western Archives, Vol. 1 [2010], Iss. 1, Art. 4 http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/westernarchives/vol1/iss1/4 the Internet, more and more authors realize that finding detailed information usually takes more in-depth research. Also, given the amount of existing misinformation, Internet sites should be relied upon only for the basics. As Daniel Boorstin, former librarian of the Library of Congress said of libraries in a 1979 presentation, "we must ... remain places of refuge from the tidal waves of information—and misinformation." The same is true of archives. One can get a clearer idea of what it was like to be an ordinary person on an ordinary day, in a particular place by reading personal accounts, newspaper reports, or court records. The best resources for details of ordinary life are the many archives located across the country. Whether they are historical archives, congressional archives, or university archives, they hold the information about real people and their lives in times past. Two things are required in order for authors to discover the wealth of information housed in archives of all kinds. First, authors must be made aware of the collections, where they are located, and what information they have for researchers. Second, archivists need to know that there are differences between academic or scholarly research and the information needs of writers of fiction. Generally, archives do not advertise in writing magazines and journals nor even literary journals that are read by authors. Even if fiction writers are aware of the existence and purpose of archives, they may feel that they will not be as welcome as scholarly researchers; certainly not the case in most facilities. The well-documented tendency to be intimidated by librarians is even more of a problem in archives, where authors may never have entered, and access to materials is very different.


ABSTRACT. The DNA sequences of a portion of the 5‐enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase domain of the arom gene, encoding the pentafunctional AROM protein, were determined from isolates of Pneumocystis carinii from five mammalian host species (rat, human, ferret, rabbit and mouse). High levels of genetic divergence were found among P. carinii derived from different hosts species, 7–22% at the DNA sequence level, and 7–26% at the derived amino acid sequence level. Two separate and distinct sequences were isolated from infected ferret lungs. Low levels of divergence were seen in human‐derived organisms.


This paper presents a 160GHz center frequency pulsed transmitter for short range radar applications. An array of four transmitters was implemented in a single chip with antennas implemented on the package. Each transmitter can be independently phase shifted, allowing transmit beamforming. The implemented transmitter is capable of producing pulses of 100ps wide (>20GHz RF bandwidth) with 160GHz carrier frequency. The measured effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is 14.5dBm for continuous wave operation. The entire chip consumes 1.4W from 1.2/1.4V supplies in a 65nm digital CMOS process.


This text brings together 28 papers examining ophthalmic measurements and optometry. They cover vision science and optical performance of the human eye; spectacles and intraocular lenses, their correction and improvements; and studies and measurements of the human eye and its components.


Firms are central to the functioning of the economy. Ever since Smith (1838) and Coase (1937), economists have gone a long way trying to understand why firms exist, how they are organized, and how they interact through the market.This thesis contributes to the study of how regulation and market incentives can affect firm decisions and their organization.


This paper has for object the study of the type avoir beau+infinitive in Old French and Modern French. While pursuing the research the author was led to the observation of several cognate types which will be treated later. These, however, may be occasionally referred to in the present paper by the following stock phrases: bel le salua, le blé leva bel, molt lor est bel. In all these types bel is used adverbially.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze on a comparative basis the conventional and organic production systems for 12 crops, synthesizing a series of indicators that reflect the economic effort, mainly the economic effect and the economic efficiency. The research is oriented towards the theoretical and practical argumentation of the need for the involvement of agricultural policy measures in Romania, highlighting the causes of state intervention in order to maintain in cultivation the areas for some of the investigated crops (soybeans, tobacco, hops, sugar beet, rice, etc.). In this respect, it demonstrates that in the absence of subsidies, farmers could give up cultivating the above- mentioned crops and should invest to develop other more profitable crops. The importance of these aspects is related to the fact that the forms and tools for developing the agricultural sector are multiple, the subsidies to farmers becoming one of the most important ones in the recent period.


PURPOSE: A cathode active material and a lithium secondary battery employing the active material are provided, wherein the active material is improved in the cycle characteristics and storage stability at a high temperature, inhibits the irreversible loss and the overcharge and is made at a low cost. CONSTITUTION: The cathode active material comprises 30-90 wt% of a multiple-doped lithium nickel cobalt oxide represented by the formula 1: LixNiyCozMnO2; and 10-70 wt% of a lithium manganese oxide represented by the formula 2: LiaMn2-bM1bO4. In the formula 1, M is at least two selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ga, Ge, Al, Ti, V, Cu, Zn, Mn, Si, P, Nb, Ta, Zr, Zn, Sn, Sb, Pt, In, Ag, Au, Bi, Pd and W; x is 0.5-1; y is 0.65-0.90; z is 0.05-0.30; and n is 0.05-0.225. In the formula 2, a is 0.98-1.02; b is 0-0.2; and M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Cr and Ti.


Background: Despite numerous published prospective studies, evidence to support use of prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy, for obstetric and gynaecologic surgery, is conflicting.
Aim:  To evaluate if wound-related presentations to hospital were reduced following introduction of a guideline promoting selective use of prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy.
Methods: This was an observational cohort study. Electronic medical records were reviewed for all hospital presentations, within 30 days of primary surgery performed by laparotomy, where the responsible clinician was an obstetrician or gynaecologist. Rates of wound complications and costs associated with admission were compared pre- and post-guideline.
Results: Among all those who underwent caesarean birth (n = 2788) or gynaecologic laparotomy (n= 263), 5% presented to hospital with SSI, and 1% with non-infected wound problems. No significant reductions in SSI hospital presentations, length of stay, or readmission costs were observed post-implementation. Likewise, no improvements were observed for non-infected wound problems or a composite of SSI and non-infected wound problems.
Conclusions: This study does not support the selective approach used to direct prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy. Further studies are required to better individualise risk assessment, and to determine if negative pressure wound therapy can reduce serious morbidity of SSI. When robust evidence is lacking, local outcomes should be evaluated systematically and reviewed before new treatments become standard care.


A good school, to a great extent, is the reflection of the attitude and efforts of a good principal. Here's one approach that can support principals in their leadership role.


The Commission Recommendation (EU) 2019/786 created a clear path towards a low and zero-emission building stock by 2050, based on milestones and progress indicators. National Long-Term Renovation Strategies (LTRS) are required to ensure the renovation into energy efficient and decarbonised buildings. This paper reviews the current status of the development of the progress indicators carried out by the Member States.