The distribution of geinetic variability in deep-sea organisms is virtually unknown, although estimates of genetic variability in the deep-sea fauna are directly relevant to some hypotheses concerning adaptive strategies in stable and unstable environments. One hypothesis, advanced to account for the great species diversity observed in the deep-sea, argues that deep-sea populations are highly specialized and possess little genetic variability (Grassle, 1972). Another hypothesis, also predicting that deep-sea populations should have little genetic variability, has been advanced by Bretsky and Lorenz (1969, 1970) to account for the waves of extinctions registered in the paleontological record. This hypothesis proposes that organisms living in stable environments should be genetically depauperate. Since the deep-sea provides one of the most stable environments in the world, both hypotheses can be tested by examining the amount of genetic variation in deep-sea organisms. In the course of a broad survey of genetic variability in diverse marine environments we have studied the genetic variability of four species of deep-sea asteroids from the San Diego Trough at a depth of 1,244 meters. Allelic variation at 24 individual loci coding for enzymes and other soluble proteins has been studied using the techniques of starch gel electrophoresis.


Acidosis and alkalosis of the body, which depend on the functions of several different organs, are closely related to pulmonary function, metabolism, renal function and fluid and electrolyte balance. This paper will be only a brief review of acid-base balance with reference to the normal child. First, it is important to mention the significance of acid-base homoeostasis. The balance of hundreds of enzymatic functions depend on the pH. Similarly, fragile semi-permeable cell membranes do not withstand pH variation. Transmission of nerve impulses and ionization of serum calcium are sensitive to pH changes. As a result, the function of vital organs, e.g. cardiac contractile force, is impaired by acid-base disturbances, occasionally with fatal results. Fortunately, new developments in laboratory methods have made the estimation of the acid-base balance much easier than it was 10 years ago. Astrup analysis is in routine use, and consequently the acid-base status is at present usually expressed as pH, pCO,, standard bicarbonate and negative or positive base excess. From the changes in these parametres it is possible to predict the type of disturbance in the acid-base homoeostasis (table 1) ; pC0, reflects the respiratory function and "standard bicarbonate" and BE give the metabolic or nonrespiratory status. In fact, "standard bicarbonate" is not the actual bicarbonate ion concentration, but the one the patient would have if his pC0, were normal. As a result of the Astrup methods, the practical management of acid-base disorders has become fairly convenient, even if the background, i.e., the bodily function in acid-base disturbances, is not too well understood. The main systems involved in the preservation of the acid-base homoeostasis are:


In order to realize the project's benefit and distribute water resource rationally,a common water resource network system's structure of Eastern Route of South-to-North Water Transfer in the view of network programme was designed,which combined the characteristic of water system with the administrative ownership of lake,sluice,station and water orientation.Lake becomes a bridge to combine province distribution center and management office.The characteristic of different network structure existing in case of different sources of water in the Eastern route of south-to-north water transfer was pointed out.


PurposeThird-party certifications promote firms' high standards and enhance their legitimacy and reputation, potentially positively impacting their performance, namely on exports.Design/methodology/approachThis paper studies the differences in firms' export performance between firms with and without the "SME Leader" label, a Portuguese firm-specific label. This study data set comprises data for 5.489 SMEs, for 2014–2020, where 2.950 firms obtained their certification during the period and 2.539 are non-certified control firms. The methodology adopted circumvents the traditional endogeneity problems in this type of study.FindingsThe results indicate that the "SME Leader" label does not directly improves a firm's export performance. Additionally, industry characteristics seem relevant for the relationship between SMEs' certification and their levels of internationalization.Originality/valueSince the study sample includes firms from all industrial sectors, this study results apply to various organizations.


Paediatric flexible nail removal can be more difficult than one may anticipate owing to tissue and bone overgrowth or the overzealous insertion of the nail. They are often left flush with the bone and therefore standard pliers cannot get a grip. We have found that the use of dental extraction forceps allows a firm, distal hold, enabling removal of flexible nails when very little is visible (Fig 1). The curved inner surface of the forceps allows a firm grasp on the end of the nail. Although bone nibblers have a similar shape, they are easily damaged compared with the more robust dental forceps. Migrated colonic stent removal from the rectum at examination under anaesthesia J Steinke, N Symons, A Watson, T Cuming Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK Barts Health NHS Trust, UK


Presidency and political communication scholars have given scant attention to how local news media cover the presidency. The author offers a comparative study of coverage of the Bush presidency on the front pages of 100 American newspapers during a five-month period in 2006. Sociological and economic theories predict slanted coverage of national politics by America's newspapers, despite journalistic professional norms to the contrary.The analyses suggest there is a slant to the coverage of President Bush that is partly explained by the political leanings of the newspaper and its audience. Newspapers that endorsed Bush's reelection in 2004 tended to write more favorable headlines, and newspapers in states where Democrats are strong politically tended to write less favorable headlines.


There are several NLP systems whose accuracy depends crucially on finding misspellings fast. However, the classical approach is based on a quadratic time algorithm with 80% coverage. We present a novel algorithm for misspelling detection, which runs in constant time and improves the coverage to more than 96%. We use this algorithm together with a cross document coreference system in order to find proper name misspellings. The experiments confirmed significant improvement over the state of the art.


In this paper we investigate the controlling design parameters of large-format Li-ion batteries on safety while undergoing nail penetration. We have identified three critical design parameters that control the safety during the nail penetration process: nail diameter, single sheet foil area, and cell capacity.Using commercial AutoLion software, we have investigated two typical design problems related to the selection of cell thickness and aspect ratio, namely: (1) the safety ramifications of increasing cell capacity via greater cell thickness for a fixed footprint, and (2) the effect of aspect ratio, or single sheet foil size, on safety at a given capacity. For a fixed footprint, our results indicate that the safety of the cell can be predicted by (Qcell Dnail^-0.5). For a given cell capacity, our results indicate that typically a larger single sheet foil area leads to a greater likelihood for thermal runaway due to its effect of making the heating more local in nature; however, for small cells (~ 5Ah) and large nails (~ 20mm), the greater aspect ratio can lead to a safer cell, as the greater surface area strongly cools the global heating of the cell.


Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is among the newest autologous growth factors used to accelerate the wound healing process. The application of PRF on the donor site after skin grafting can accelerate wound epithelialization. This multiple-measure study used a general linear model to evaluate the effect of PRF on the post-harvest donor site defect. The patients were divided into two groups: those with and without PRF application. To evaluate the wound epithelialization at the donor site, wound care was provided at both femoral sides, and the patients were assessed on days 3, 7, 14, and 30 using the ImageJ software. The application of PRF accelerated wound epithelialization in the donor site (p < 0.05). In the PRF group, the inflammation reactions (hyperemia, pain, hyperthermia, and edema) in the wound at the donor site were less. PRF administration can improve the condition of the wound by providing growth factors in the wound environment that help accelerate the epithelialization process, and this results in cost-effective wound management.


Introduction: Fourier velocity encoding (FVE) is a promising MRI method for assessment of cardiovascular blood flow. FVE provides considerably higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than phase contrast (PC) imaging, and is robust to partial-volume effects. On the other hand, FVE does not directly provide velocity maps. These maps are useful for calculating the blood flow through a vessel, or for guiding computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. PC-driven CFD has been previously demonstrated, and can be useful for reducing scan time, improving spatial resolution, and/or denoising the MRI data. This work introduces a method for using FVE data (rather than PC data) to guide CFD simulations. Methods: Simulated FVE data was derived from 3DFT FGRE PC data from a pulsatile carotid flow phantom (Phantoms by Design, Inc., Bothell, WA). PC imaging was performed on a 3T GE Discovery MR750 system (50 mT/m, 200 T/m/s), using a 32-channel head coil. Scan parameters: resolution = 0.5×0.5×1.0 mm; FOV = 16×12×7.5 cm; Venc = 50 cm/s; TR = 11.4 ms; flip angle = 8.5; temporal resolution = 91.2 ms; scan time = 40 minutes; 9 NEX; pulse cycle 60 bpm). The spin-density map (magnitude image), m(x,y), and the through-plane velocity map, pc , , corresponding to a temporal frame at midsystole, were used to simulate a spiral FVE spatial-velocity distribution, according to the signal model: , , = , ∙ sinc pc , ∗ jinc , where x and y are the in-plane spatial coordinates, w is the through-plane velocity, and δr and δw are FVE's spatial and velocity resolutions, respectively. The spatial blurring effects of the jinc kernel were reduced using a deconvolution algorithm to obtain ̃ , , . Then, an estimate of the true velocity at a given spatial coordinate (xo,yo) was estimated from ̃ , , as: , = arg min ̃ , , , − sinc . Finally, CFD calculations were performed using a modified version of the SIMPLER algorithm, in which , was used to constrain the CFD calculation. The phantom's bloodmimicking fluid (viscosity 5 mPa.s, density 1100 kg/m) was assumed to be Newtonian, isothermal, and incompressible. The simulation grid was designed with 0.5×0.5×1.0 mm resolution, and a computational time step δt = 0.25 ms was used. Finally, the estimated flow field was compared quantitatively and qualitatively with both a pure CFD solution and the PC-measured flow field. This process was repeated for different values of δr (1 or 2 mm); and for each slice along the z axis. The velocity resolution, δw, was 10 cm/s. Results and Discussion: The spin-density maps in Fig. 1a illustrate the spatial blurring associated with each value of δr, for a slice perpendicular to the phantom's bifurcation. Fig. 1b presents the FVE-estimated velocity maps, , for each spatial resolution value, while Fig. 1c shows the associated errors (relative to the PC map, wpc). The results show that lower error levels were obtained when FVE data with finer spatial resolution was used. In this slice, the absolute error was greater than 5 cm/s for only 10% of the voxels when δr = 1 mm was used; while 31% of the voxels presented error greater than 5 cm /s when δr = 2 mm was used. Fig. 2 shows (i) the PC-measured velocity field; and the CFDsimulated velocity fields, obtained using (ii) pure CFD, (iii) FVE-driven CFD (δr = 1 mm), and (iv) FVE-driven CFD (δr = 2 mm). Considerable qualitative improvement — with respect to agreement with the PC reference — can be appreciated in the FVE-driven results, when compared with the pure CFD result. Table 1 presents the measured signal-toerror ratio (SER) relative to the PC reference, for the CFD results shown in Fig. 2. Both FVE-driven solutions achieved higher SER than the pure CFD approach, when evaluating the three-dimensional velocity vector = , , ; the SER gain (relative to pure CFD) was 1.49 dB when δr = 1 mm was used, and 0.80 dB when δr = 2 mm was used. When evaluating only the y-axis velocity component (v), there was a 0.11–0.35 dB loss in SER with the proposed method. This may be a positive effect of denoising, since the velocities along that axis are extremely low (vpc's total energy is 15.7 dB lower than that of wpc). Nevertheless, the SER gains for the u and w components more than compensate for this. Conclusion: This work presented a method for using FVE data to guide CFD simulations. We showed that FVE-driven CFD achieves better agreement with a PC-measured velocity map than pure CFD solutions. This is an important result, since a 1-mm resolution spiral FVE dataset could be acquired in the same scan time as 1 NEX of a 0.5-mm resolution PC dataset with the above parameters; however the FVE dataset would have an SNR 23 dB higher than that of PC (for a 2-mm resolution spiral FVE, scan time would be 3 times Figure 1: (a) Spin-density maps for PC (0.5 mm spatial resolution), FVE with 1 mm spatial resolution, and FVE with 2 mm spatial resolution, for a slice perpendicular to a carotid phantom's bifurcation; (b) corresponding velocity maps; and (c) absolute error for the FVEestimated velocity maps, relative to the PC reference.


The number of gamma quanta per Mo/sup 9//sup 9/ decay was measured by 4 pi beta - gamma coincidences. The experimental gamma -coincidence spectrum was plotted with considerat~ons for background coincidences and gamma energies, and the yield per decay was tabulated. The data are in good agreement with published data. The intensity of the 920-kev line is explained by a coincidence of two quanta and transition from the 922-kev level to the ground state. (R.V.J.)


Two types of polymeric coating were applied on an AISI 1020 steel, where one of them was reinforced by carbon nanotubes, with the objective of protection against corrosion in a medium containing saline solution, NaCl 3% wt satured with CO2, at 75 bar and tested at 50oC and 75oC for 360 hours. Electrochemical techniques, such as Linear Polarization Resistance, (LPR), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Tafel curves and weight loss method, were used for coating evaluation performance. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine both the morphology and chemical composition of the layer formed on the analyzed surfaces. The coating adhesion to metallic surface was evaluated using pull-off test according to ASTM D4541-09. For the studied conditions, the results obtained showed that there was no adequate coating protection, occurring failures and indicating that both coatings may not be used in the tested conditions.


Research into hot corrosion and its preventative measures in gas turbine engines has focused almost exclusively on sodium sulfate since the early 1950s. However, current gas turbine engines on U.S....


Gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans have been often associated with the ingestion of bivalve mollusks. In this study, 15 mixtures of samples of the digestive tissue of oysters (Pinctada imbricate), commercialized at the Avenida Perimetral in Cumana, Sucre State, Venezuela, were analyzed through two processing methods and two nucleic acid extraction methods, with the purpose of detecting norivirus and rotavirus RNA by the Polymerase Chain Reverse Transcription Method. Five pairs of oligonucleotids were also used, to select the best one for virus detection. Norovirus was detected in 13 of the 15 mixtures of samples using a combination of processing method A and nucleic extraction method B, and the JV12 and JV13 oligonucleotid pair. This combination of methods resulted as the most efficient for norovirus detection through PCR-RT. Nevertheless, rotavirus was not detected in the digestive tissue of any of the oysters analyzed with any of the combination of methods, or any of the oligonucleotid pairs used. The high presence of norovirus in the oysters showed their potential for serving as carriers of enteric virus infections.


We study three-dimensional Mori contractions . It is proved that in a "good" model there are no elliptic components of with coefficients ≥6/7.


More important than the productive area, is the role that represents the reproduction in animals. To increase the production on them, reproduction should be improve, to the level of bovines, the male is most important than the female, due to the role that it represents in the herd. There are many mechanisms to evaluate fertility in bulls; those mechanisms have been used in different places worldwide. In Colombia there are not investigations about the topic, as the same as the lack of routine reproductive checking, generating huge economic losses. The main object of this work was to establish the spermatic quality in Brahman breed and its relation with the scrotal circumference (EC) at Hacienda Buenos Aires, in Belen de UmbriaRisaralda (Colombia). To make it possible, were considered the bulls in the hacienda to measure their EC, sample of semen were taken with electroejaculator, to measure volume, spermatic concentration, motility and percentage of anomalies to analyze a possible relation between scrotal circumference and spermatic quality.


To reform the traditional teaching method of Pharmacy and to make students active in class,the author recommends a new teaching method,namely,role-transposition teaching method.The new method includes four steps.Firstly,according to teaching aims,the teacher arranges assignments of study for students;secondly,students study independently;thirdly,group discussion and role-transposition are carried out in class;finally,in order to combine the theories and fulfillment together,the teacher sets up a series of experiments for students.The result shows that role-transposition teaching method deserves advocating because it can mobilize the students' enthusiasm completely and get good teaching result.


The article is a lighthearted, conversational exploration of the microscopic basis for Archimedes'principle. The principle is discussed in terms of molecular collisions and density gradients in a gravitational field.


The application of the Southworth–Hawkins, the Drummond, and the Jopek generality criteria has been studied on the basis of the probability–statistical simulation of the disintegration of comets Halley, Temple–Tuttle, Giacobini–Zinner and Pons–Winnecke to establish generality in the origin of isolated meteoroid bodies. The validity and the threshold criteria values for the cometary fragments under consideration are determined.


It is shown that the use of a proper form factor in the study of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) is of paramount importance in order to determine the correct values for the relevant quantities characterizing these new modes. Form factors calculated within a microscopic model are compared with those provided by different macroscopic collective models. Their differences, shown in the shape and magnitude, are reflected on the calculated cross section and therefore jeopardize the extracted physical quantities.


The study aimed at mapping and characterizing the benthic communities of Lagos Lagoon based on how the sediment define the distribution of organisms in response to dredging activity of the area. The hydrographic survey of was carried out with the aid of an echo-sounder and side-scan sonar and plotted in ArcGIS 10.3.1. The benthic macroinvertebrate ecology in relation to human activities was defined and studied in ten selected dredged stations. Habitat suitability maps of dominant species were plotted using spatial analyst tool. The removal of organisms with the sediment resulted into increased turbidity, suspended solids and modified sediment characteristics in the study area. The known venus, pachymelania, mangrove, estuarine-amphioplus and estuarine-rock macroinvertebrate communities were intact. However, there were changes in the composition of the communities with Donax acutangulus going into extinction. Multivariate analysis showed that the observed benthic communities and sediment characteristics were sandy in nature. The observed assemblage of organism was mostly dominated by bivalve - Atactodea striata of the family Mesodesmatidae at Ogun river station which was characterised by sand. The results revealed a patchy distribution of organisms having abundant macroinvertebrates with less diversity which may be as a result of the on-going dredging activities in the area.
Keywords: Macrobenthos, bathymetry, sediment, dredging, GIS


The radiation impedance, self and mutual, and nearfield pressure of finite pistons and rings on oblate and prolate spheroidal baffles have been computed for several combinations of radiator size, ratio of height‐to‐diameter (α), and of the frequency parameter h(h = Kd/2), where K is the wavenumber and d is the interfocal distance of the spheroid). These results were obtained by substituting numerical values of the oblate and prolate spheroidal wave‐functions (recently computed at NRL by Hanish et al.) in the infinite series solutions of Nimura and Watanabe. For the oblate case, 0.1⩽h⩽12.0 and 0⩽α⩽0.8944 (Nimura and Watanabe gave results for 0.01⩽h⩽4.0 and α=0). For the prolate case, 0.1⩽h⩽10.0 and 1.005⩽α⩽10.0 (Nimura and Watanabe gave results for 0.06⩽h⩽6.0 and α=1.8). These calculations provide a compilation of numerical values for impedance and nearfield pressure in ranges of h, α, and radiator size, heretofore never obtained from an exact infinite‐series solution.


A Generalized optimization algorithm of polarimetric contrast enhancement (GOPCE) is proposed to find optimal polarimetric states and coefficients to maximize the received power ratio of ship to ocean clutter, which facilitates ship detection. The method is validated with a real SIR-C/X image. The results indicate that, rather than optimal polarimetric contrast enhancement, GOPCE apparently improves the contrast of ship to sea by introducing the polarimetric feature vector.


Two high resolution crystal structures of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the presence of phosphonate inhibitors are reported. The phosphonate compounds, phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) and mercaptomethylphosphonic acid (MMP), bind competitively to AP with dissociation constants of 5.5 and 0.6 mM, respectively. The structures of the complexes of AP with PAA and MMP were refined at high resolution to crystallographic R‐values of 19.0 and 17.5%, respectively. Refinement of the AP‐inhibitor complexes was carried out using X‐PLOR. The final round of refinement was done using SHELXL‐97. Crystallographic analyses of the inhibitor complexes reveal different binding modes for the two phosphonate compounds. The significant difference in binding constants can be attributed to these alternative binding modes observed in the high resolution X‐ray structures. The phosphinyl group of PAA coordinates to the active site zinc ions in a manner similar to the competitive inhibitor and product inorganic phosphate. In contrast, MMP binds with its phosphonate moiety directed toward solvent. Both enzyme‐inhibitor complexes exhibit close contacts, one of which has the chemical and geometrical potential to be considered an unconventional hydrogen bond of the type C‐H…X.


While ample evidence for the so-called empirical parabolic law of the Equation of State (EOS) of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter (ANM) has been obtained in many studies within both non-relativistic and relativistic nuclear many-body theories using various interactions, it has been unclear if there is any fundamental physics reason for the small quartic symmetry energy compared to the quadratic one even as the ANM approaches pure neutron matter. Within both relativistic and non-relativistic Free Fermi Gas (FFG) models in coordinate spaces of arbitrary dimension $d$ with and without considering Short-Range Correlations (SRC) as well as non-linear Relativistic Mean Field (RMF) models, we study effects of relativistic kinematics, dimensionality, interactions and SRC on the ratio $\Psi(\rho)$ of quartic over quadratic symmetry energies in ANM EOSs. We found that the ratio $\Psi(\rho)$ in the FFG model depends strongly on the dimension $d$. While it is very small already in the normal 3D space, it could be even smaller in spaces with reduced dimensions for sub-systems of particles in heavy-ion reactions and/or whole neutron stars due to constraints, collectivities and/or symmetries. We also found that the ratio $\Psi(\rho)$ could theoretically become very large only at the ultra-relativistic limit far above the density reachable in neutron stars. On the other hand, nuclear interaction directly and/or indirectly through SRC-induced high-momentum nucleons affect significantly the density dependence of $\Psi(\rho)$ compared to the relativistic FFG model prediction. The SRC affects significantly not only the kinetic energy of symmetric nuclear matter but also the ratio $\Psi(\rho)$ while the relativistic corrections are found negligible. The results may help better understand the EOS of dense neutron-rich matter.


This project began with an interest in the productivity of the individual. How does the definition of productivity change when altering the perspective from a team to the individual? The context of this project is very intentionally limited to the individual workplace of an employee. The opportunities of an understanding of individual working techniques and personal strategies that employees develop to cope with mood changes throughout their working day can offer great insights and possibilities to guide and help the individual in accomplishing their personal work goals. The shift of perspective from designing for an entire working environment to the focus of individual productivity is one of the goals in this graduation project.


The activity and binding site of histamine H_(1) receptor were briefly introduced.The action mechanism and structure-activity relationship of some H_(1) receptor antagonists,such as dibenzo [7] annulene-5-amines,1,2,4-triazolo quinazolin-5(4H)-ones,imidazo pyrrolo azepines,benzo cyclohepta pyridines,(ω,ω-diphenylalkyl)-1H-imidazoles,4-indolypiperidinyl benzoic acids and N-hydroxycarbamates were reviewed.As one of the most important anti-inflammatory medicines,H_(1) receptor antagonists can bind to H_(1) receptor competitively to block the mutual action of histamine and its H_(1) receptor,thus inhibiting the biological effects of histamine.


Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of repeated intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A (onaBoNT-A) injections in children with neurogenic detrusor overactivity due to myelodysplasia. Methods: The study group consisted of 19 children (4 boys, 15 girls), with a mean age of 10.3±3.1 years old, who had received at least two injections of 10 U/kg onaBoNT-A for the treatment of urinary incontinence resistant to anticholinergic treatment and clean intermittent catheterization in our clinic, between 2010 and 2015. Controlled urodynamic studies were performed at the baseline and 3 months after each injection. Results: Eight of the children received three injections, five had four, and two had five. From the baseline to the fifth injection, the detrusor compliance (1.3, 4.5, 10, 20.7, 18.8, and 16.6 ml/cmH2O), maximum bladder capacity (82, 157, 191, 272, 299, and 210.5 ml), and maximum detrusor pressure (55, 33, 22, 12.5, 16, and 12.5


An analytical, global potential energy surface for the ground electronic potential energy surface (PES) for the He3+ ion has been constructed by fitting ab initio energy values calculated at the QCISD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory for 935 geometric configurations to a many body expansion type functional form appended with ion-induced dipole terms to describe the long range interactions. The PES is adiabatically constrained to the ground electronic state by requiring the two atoms with the shortest separation in any particular geometry to be described by the embedded two-body He2+ potential. A transition state for the positional interchange of the middle and end atoms of the linear, centrosymmetric equilibrium geometry is identified and lies about 300 cm−1 below the energy of the He2++He dissociation products. The nature of the PES near a seam of conical intersections between the ground and first excited electronic states occurring at D3h geometries is discussed.


With the Internet of Things taking shape, interference becomes a major issue especially in the sub-GHz bands destined for long range, low power data transfer. Since many power limited devices do not afford sophisticated collision avoidance measures, packet collisions may result in severe performance degradation. We analyze a multiuser decoder intended to let a central station deal with temporally overlapping packets from distributed transmitters. Assuming a state-of-the-art turbo encoding of the information, the multiuser decoder is derived from a factor graph extended to model the temporal packet overlapping. We show that the resulting iterative decoding procedure is capable to jointly decode coinciding packets at error rates close to those of single user decoders.


The representation theory of finite groups is well studied; however, the representation theory of finite monoids is not. We use the representation theory of the group of units in order to understand the representations of monoids. We extend well-known results for groups to analogous results for monoids. In particular, we prove an analog of the Borel-Matsumoto theorem and Froebnius Reciprocity for subgroups of the group of units in a monoid using Godelle's definition of convolution for monoids. We introduce a new description of the symplectic rook monoid and provide an embedding of it into the better-known rook monoid. We then investigate the specific nature of the symplectic rook monoid. The irreducible representations are indexed both by partitions of at most n and by pairs of partitions whose sum is exactly n. We use combinatorial techniques based on this to examine its character table and to develop branching rules for decomposing its irreducible representations as representations of the group of units. Using results from Solomon about the structure of the character table of the rook monoid, we determine a new way of producing the character table for the Iwahori-Hecke algebra of the rook monoid. In the spirit of Solomon and utilizing techniques from Geck and Pfeiffer, we provide a description of the character table of the symplectic rook monoid. We then extend this to the Iwahori-Hecke algebra of the symplectic rook monoid.


Three tectono-sedimentary models are proposed for extensional basins in the Gulf of Lion passive margin: (1) hall-graben associated to a listric fault, (2) compensation graben associated to a two-segments planar fault and (3) hangingwall ramp syncline associated to a ramp-flat listric fault. In the Vistrenque graben, along-strike changes in the geometry of the Nimes fault induced along-strike changes of the geometry of the basin: in the south, a half-graben resulted from a listric fault profile at depth; in the north, a compensation graben results from a two-segments planar fault profile. The Les Matelles basin is a hangingwall syncline which results from a ramp-flat listric fault geometry. Erosion of the hangingwall during extension controlled the architecture of the syn-rift sedimentation, resulting in a rapid migration of the depoeentres towards the fault.


The invention relates to a mass flow meter for flowing media, which operates on the Coriolis principle and a pair of substantially mutually parallel measuring tubes (2, 3). The measuring tubes (2, 3) are mechanically coupled together in an initial section (5) and in an end section (11) at least by a stiffening frame (4, 40) which is at least partially filled with a metal foam (45) to improve its rigidity. The stiffening frame (4, 40) is provided with recesses (21, 22) for the passage of the beginning and end portion, can be made particularly favorable and is characterized by its high rigidity at low weight.


The present study investigated the relationship between Iranian EFL learners' learning strategies use and their language learning beliefs. A sample of 200 Iranian EFL learners who were all English language learners at different language institutes participated in this study. Two instruments, Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL), were used to collect data. The data analysis, through Pearson Correlation, revealed a positive significant relationship between overall BALLI and SILL, which indicates that learners with stronger beliefs use more learning strategies. Further, the results of Regression analysis indicated that only the "learning and communication strategies" and "foreign language aptitude" subscales in BALLI are significant predictors of overall strategy use. The findings of the present study suggest that understanding learners' beliefs about language learning is critical to understand strategies used by learners and accordingly plan proper language instructions.


A new compact stars nonsingular model is presented with the generalized Bardeen–Hayward mass function. Generalized Bardeen–Hayward described the regular black hole, however, due to its regularity or nonsingular nature we were inspired to construct an anisotropic compact stars model. Along with the ansatz mass function, we coupled it with a linear equation of state (EoS) to find the solutions of field equations. Indeed, the new solutions are physically viable in all physical ground. The energy conditions and Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV)-equation are well satisfied signifying that the mass distribution is physically possible and at equilibrium. Also, the static stability criterion, the causality condition and Abreu's stability condition hold good and therefore configurations are physically static stable. The same condition is further supported by the condition that the adiabatic index, which is greater than the Newtonian limit, i.e. [Formula: see text]. It is also noticed that the bag constant [Formula: see text] is proportional to the surface density in our model.


This work presents a small-signal high-frequency (HF) equivalent circuit (EC) to model AC performances of black-phosphorus field-effect transistors (BPFETs). The proposed EC is able to describe correctly both the experimental HF intrinsic and extrinsic figures of merit, as well as S-parameters, from different BPFET technologies. Single- and double-stage radio frequency gain amplifiers are designed at 2.4 GHz using the experimentally calibrated small-signal BPFET EC. Results show high-gain high-selective BPFET-based amplifiers.


Women's Activism in South Africa: Working across Divides is an excellent intervention in a number of academic and policy debates that will be of interest to a South African audience but also to a global audience of gender activists and academics. The book addresses the glaring contradictions of a post-apartheid South Africa in which gender policy has been high on the political agenda and enshrined in the new constitution, but


Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of preoperative status on the risk of developing further postoperative complications after debulking surgery for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: A total of 80 consecutive patients submitted to surgery between 2014 and 2019 for advanced-stage ovarian cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Among the 80 cases there were seven patients who developed serious postoperative complications requiring reintervention. Among these cases it seems that association of obesity, poor nutritional status (defined as a lower than 3.5 g/dl serum albumin level) and elderly age were significantly associated with the risk of developing further complications. Conclusion: When selecting the candidates for debulking surgery for advanced-stage ovarian cancer attention should be focused on excluding cases presenting such preoperative risk factors in order to decrease the postoperative morbidity.


There has been a great controversy whether the terracotta figurines representing figures with the characteristics of disease found in Smyrna and dated at the Hellenistic period were used as models of clinical anatomy in the nearby famous in the antiquity medical school or were grotesque representations. In order to answer this problem we propose the examination of these figurines using special criteria. Every figurine should be examined separately to decide if it was a medical model, an apotropaic symbol or a portrait.


This article reviews the technology on extraction of rhapontinum from the roots of Rheum tanguticum Maxim.ex Balf by ultrasonic wave.The best extraction condition is that the product was extracted with 60% ethanol by the method of ultrasonic wave for 60 minutes in normal atmospheric temperature.The product was identified by IR,UV spectrometry,and the content was determined by the method of TLC and HPLC.The yield of rhapontinum was 10.28% and the purity of the product was 99.40%.The extract was purified and recrysallized to obtain rhapontinum (3,3′,5′-trihydroxy-4-methoxystilbene-3′-β-D-glucopyranoside ).


The transplantation of human cardiospheres derived cells (hCDCs) in clinical Phase I trials involving adult ischemic patients, results in reduction in scar formation. But this therapy faces three major issues: low survival rate (1-5%) of the transplanted cells and limited ventricular ejection fraction improvement. One of the major causes of decreased hCDCs engraftment is the prolonged and sustained pro-inflammatory response after acute myocardial infarct (MI). Pro-survival cocktail has been used to overcome this problem but it has major disadvantages for human use as a multi-component mixture, it may change the function of the stem cells and this method depends on anti-apoptotic molecules which may have side effects on the overall cellular turnover. A drug screen in our laboratory has discovered potent anti-inflammatory small molecules, Celastrol (CEL), a quinone triterpene. Oral administration of CEL significantly reduced the MI induced inflammatory cytokines release IL-1β by 2.6±0.4 fold (p<0.05, n=5), ...


Infective endocarditis (IE) is an uncommon but life-threatening infection. Advances in diagnostic and therapy have improved the prognosis of this infection but prevention still remains as an important issue with several questions yet dont resolved. First recommendations for the prevention of the infection were issued more than 50 years ago and have under gone changes especially in the last documents published. At present there are some discrepancies between the recommendations of the significant Scientific Societies in our country (american, european and spanish), which is easy to understand if we consider that there is no scientific evidence consolidated in many aspects of its im plementation. This paper will review the main issues related to the prophylaxis of IE: to whom, how and when to do it.


This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Lichens used in the Traditional Medicine by the Pankararu Indigenous Community, Pernambuco-Brazil


Computed Tomography (CT) of the chest is one of the most instrumental tools used in the screening of lung carcinoma and is the most prevalent non-invasive modality used for the localization and characterization of lesions found in the lung tissue. In this paper, we propose a computer-aided approach for the detection and segmentation of lung nodules. The publicly available LIDC-IDRI dataset has been leveraged to obtain CT images in the axial plane. Furthermore, the generated data is used to train a Mask R-CNN, one of the most effective instance segmentation models available, using a multi-step training strategy. Finally, we validate our methods by computing the average precision and the Jaccard Index.


In exploration for hydrocarbons the use of gravity data in addition to a seismic survey can be advantageous. If the area's investigated by both methods are partly overlapping, the seismic results can be used as constraints in the gravity interpretation, while the gravity data can be used to establish the depth of interfaces that are not well determined by the seismics. However, 3-D inversion of gravity data becomes cumbersome if both the number of model parameters and of data points is large. To overcome this problem in this paper a subspace method is introduced that yields a reliable solution for the inversion of large scale gravity data. Because of the reduced number of parameters used in the subspace method and because the calculation of the Hessian matrix is avoided, the method is fast and stable.


Previous studies have demonstrated that the large subunit (LSU) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) is site-specifically cleaved by a hydroxyl radical (*OH) generated in the illuminated chloroplast lysates or by an artificial *OH-generating system. However, it is not known whether such cleavage of the LSU by reactive oxygen species (ROS) actually occurs in an intact leaf. When leaf discs of chilling-sensitive cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were illuminated at 4 degrees C, five major fragments of the LSU were observed. This fragmentation was completely inhibited by ROS scavengers, such as n-propyl gallate (for *OH) and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid (Tiron) (for superoxide). FeSO4 stimulated this fragmentation, whereas an iron-specific chelator, deferoxamine, suppressed it. Furthermore, such fragments were identical to those generated from the purified Rubisco by an *OH-generating system in vitro on two-dimensional PAGE. These results indicate that the direct fragmentation of the LSU by reactive oxygen species also occurs in an intact leaf.


This research aims was to determined the population status of the local buffalo based on structure of population and inbreeding rate per generation. The survey was conducted in two villages that still maintain buffalo in Waeapo District, and data collection by census on all buffalo breeders. The variables observed included population structure, actual population, effective population and inbreeding rate per generation. The results showed that the population of buffalo in District Waeapo was 374 with the following composition: buffalo bull 8.56% ; buffalo herds 7.49% (1.14: 1), calf male 11.5% ; calf female 10.96% (1.05: 1), and 18.72% adult males ; 42.78% adult females (1: 2.29). The actual population size of the local buffalo is 230, with an effective population size of 194 individuals. The inbreeding rate per generation is 0.26%. Indicates that there is no pressure on buffalo population.


Two deaf sisters (71 and 68 years old) use a home sign system that appears to have developed without input from conventional sign or spoken languages. Their home sign consists primarily of various pointing gestures and oral movements. Pointing gestures were found to be part of lexical terms and refer not only to the present person, object, or place but also to nonpresent objects. Moreover, some pointing gestures were referentially redundant and occupied fixed positions in sentences, suggesting that they were used as grammatical terms. In addition, oral movements were frequently used together with manual signs, and their functions may be classified as lexical, adverbial, and grammatical. Finally, grammatical components of this home sign system were compared with those of conventional sign languages in an attempt to reveal some shared characteristics in the gestural mode of communication.


In this volume the authors take a second look at the use of active learning in higher education. The chapters describe the concept of the active learning continuum and tie various practical examples of active learning to that concept. They illustrate how important it is to consider context in the design of active learning to get maximum benefit. This is the 67th issue of the journal "New Directions for Teaching and Learning".


Customer relationship management system can help companies manage the relationship between businesses and customers. With customer relationship management system, companies can interact with the unified management of sales, marketing and other departments and customers, to explore more business opportunities. With the burgeoning cloud computing, customer relationship management systems are also being developed toward the direction of cloud computing. Cloud-based customer relationship management system for SMEs brought hope, SMEs will be able to enjoy the customer relationship management system brings convenience, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises. But the application of the new system has also brought new security risks, this is an important issue cloud customer relationship management system based on the urgent need to resolve.


This paper studies the impacts on power quality due to the interconnection of multiple distributed generators on a distribution utility feeder. For this purpose, a Florida-based distribution feeder was modeled and studied by integrating different types of distributed generation (DG) sources. Different scenarios were implemented in which solar and wind plants were modeled with high variability of load and generation to observe their impacts on system's power quality. All the modeling and simulations were carried out using a high fidelity electromagnetic real-time transient simulation tool.


IT and business process outsourcing providers are building delivery centers in remote domestic locations for several reasons, including to access a more stable, lower-cost workforce and to fulfill social missions such as employing underprivileged or minority populations.


We conducted experiments on the effects of brief prior exposure to time-altered speech on preferred listening rate and the rate listeners would select when asked to listen to speech as fast as possible with good comprehension (induced listening rate). In Exp. 1, 48 participants were exposed either to normal rate speech or to speech compressed to twice-normal rate. Brief exposure to twice-normal rate speech led to a faster induced listening rate than exposure to normal rate speech. In Exp. 2, 31 participants were briefly exposed to normal rate speech, speech compressed to twice-normal rate, or speech expanded to half-normal rate. The faster the rate of the exposure speech, the faster the induced rate. Speech compressed to twice-normal rate led to a faster induced listening rate than exposure to speech expanded to half-normal rate. Normal rate speech was intermediate between twice-normal and half-normal rate and did not differ significantly from them. Induced listening rate was a linear combination of listening rate preference and recent forced exposure to time-altered speech.


video curtain safety redundant directional access danger zone associated with industrial machinery detection # The present invention relates to a method and safety system for an industrial machine comprising:. acquire visual information from the protection zone by one or more cameras arranged on the protection zone, comprising a first protection zone farthest from the machine and a second region nearest to the protection; determining, by a control unit, from the visual information, the presence of objects in the protection zone; and once it is determined the presence of objects, determine, in the control unit, stopping the machine if the presence of at least one object in the first protection zone and then detected in the second zone of protection, moments consecutive time.


Purpose - – The purpose of this article is to explain under what circumstances firm-level adoption of codes of good corporate governance will more likely be superficial rather than substantive in nature. The article contains lessons for any agency or country that attempts to implement deep and lasting changes in corporate governance via codes of good corporate governance. Design/methodology/approach - – The article reviews the literature on compliance with codes of good corporate governance and develops a conceptual model to explain why some firms that have formally adopted a code of good governance decouple this policy from its actual use. Findings - – Decoupling in response to the issuance of codes of good corporate governance will be more attractive to firms and also more sustainable under the following conditions: firms' compliance costs are relatively high firms' costs of outright and visible non-compliance are relatively high and outsiders' compliance monitoring costs are relatively high. Originality/value - – The article contributes to the debate on compliance and convergence and provides policymakers with a conceptual framework for assessing the likelihood of successful regulatory change in corporate governance.


Abstract : We report structural studies of large-scale wurtzite GaN nanowires fabricated by direct reaction of Ga vapor and NH(3). This recently reported growth technique 1 demonstrates processing of GaN one-dimensional structures as thin as 26 nm and up to 500 micrometers in length. This method is both interesting and attractive in that fabrication is carried out without the assistance of template materials as required by other methods. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to characterize the nanowires, while x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data provide supporting structural/compositional analysis. Our structural investigation reveals the presence of thin hexagonal platelets, which we believe play a critical role in the nucleation, growth, and orientation of the wires. In particular, our findings indicate that most of the wires grow along the 2110 direction, normal to the platelet edges.


Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) plays a central role in fundamental processes such as synaptic vesicle recycling, receptor recycling, signalling and development. CME begins with clathrin assembly on the plasma membrane, facilitated by adaptor proteins. This process forms an endocytic vesicle that allows transport of cargo into the cell, and is followed by clathrin disassembly through the action of different adaptor/accessory proteins. A large number of different adaptor and accessory proteins are recruited during CME, in a spatially and temporally ordered manner. Although our understanding is growing as to the roles of individual adaptor proteins, we still do not understand the way in which some adaptors interact with clathrin or the molecular details of their interactions with one another in the presence of clathrin. Clathrin adaptor proteins contain short, linear clathrin-binding motifs, which form the basis of their interaction with the four distinct sites on the clathrin N-terminal domain (TD). An adaptor protein with tighter binding or more numerous clathrin binding sequences could displace one with weaker or fewer binding elements. This raises the question of whether adaptor proteins compete for binding to clathrin or whether they can bind simultaneously.

Using certain biochemical and biophysical techniques in vitro and purified WT and mutant adaptor proteins, I have shown the complex 'multiple TD linking effect' of epsin 1 via the cooperative action of its two clathrin box motifs and unstructured region. Using the newly developed SPR/IAC (2-injection) method, I explored competition between five purified structurally and functionally diverse adaptor proteins when simultaneously binding to clathrin TD. I have shown how the complex structure of epsin 1 causes competition with β-arrestin 1 for clathrin TD binding. Such competition is observed between espin 1 and auxilin 1 as well, which reveals information about the mechanism of disassembly. However, β2-adaptin and auxilin 1 demonstrate no such competition.


Radio frequency identification (RFID) is widely applied in massive items tagged domains. Existing medium access control (MAC) solutions primarily focus on improving slot efficiency or reducing the total number of slots. However, with pervasive applications of RFID, the time and energy consumption are increasingly important and should be considered in the new design. In this paper, we re-exam the problem of tag identification in UHF RFID system from the perspective of time and energy consumption. The presented work comprehensively reviews and analyzes the prior tag reading protocols. Based on prior art, we further discuss a novel design of tag reading algorithm to improve both time and energy efficiency of EPC C1 Gen2 UHF RFID standard. By exploring the effectiveness of embedding slot-by-slot mechanism in a sub-frame observation phase and combine the sub-frame and slot-by-slot observation in the proposed algorithm, which can achieve more fine-grained frame size adjustment with time and energy-efficiency. Moreover, the cardinality estimation function of the algorithm is implemented by the look-up tables, which allows dramatically reduction in computational complexity and energy consumption. Both simulation results and experiments show clear performance improvement over the commercial solutions.


The Paraiba do Sul River, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, was studied for its water quality, by determining the levels of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides from six sites in two cities, Resende and Campos dos Goytacazes, as they have industrial and agricultural activities. This study was carried out between July 2001 and March 2002. The method involved 200 mL samples taken by off-line, solid phase extraction by OASIS polymeric cartridges followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Recoveries and standard deviation of pesticides in non polluted real water sample spiked with a standard mixture were 82-119% and less then 20%. For PAH, recoveries and standard deviation were 56-78% and less then 18%, respectively, with exception to acenaphthylene, 23% and 2.7%. Atrazine was detected in the average concentration of 0.231 µg L-1 in two sites in Campos dos Goytacazes, near the sugar-cane power plants and plantations area, while no detection was observed in Resende. Irgarol was observed in Campos dos Goytacazes downtown at 0.138 µg L-1, an area of small boating activities. Benzo[a]pyrene was detected at 0.255 µg L-1 in Resende, near the Presidente Dutra highway. PAHs were not detected in the water samples from Campos dos Goytacazes.


In this papert,he BP neural network is used to build the submarine's hydrodynamics model at high angles of attack.The model is extremely nonlinear,and the net is trained based on few experiment data.The research shows thatt,he Bayesian regularization algorithm is reasonable to describe the system.The net is set to learn recurrently to improve itself.The submarine's hydrodynamics predicted by the BP network model shows good agreement with the experiment data.


Predictive coding (PC) is a neurocognitive concept, according to which the brain does not process the whole qualia of external information, but only residual mismatches occurring between incoming information and an individual, inner model of the world, thus minimizing the free energy (FE) or brain entropy. The original concept comes from the Helmholtz's view of Bayesian brain or unconscious inference (Helmholz, 1878/1971), and has been elaborated in the last decades by Karl Friston in terms of PC functioning at every level of brain anatomic and functional organization and mind-body interaction (Friston, 2010, 2012). While neurophysiologic evidence is increasingly accumulated in support of the PC concept (Friston, 2012), compelling issues remain open. (1) Is PC an evolutionary pathway which we still underscore? (2) Which neurophysiologic mechanisms support the formation, maintenance and consolidation of the inner model determining PC? (3) Whether and how these may be referenced to the "self" in normal and pathological conditions, thus representing an imperative limit of our free will? (4) Is PC continuously modulated by external environmental or internal mental information? This Research Topic features contributions from several leading scholars addressing these issues.


Quantitative assessment (rating) of activity of base units of any large organization is the important factor of its activity efficiency increase on the whole. The widely spread approach for such quantitative ranking (both internal and external) is the iterative regression method that is highly obvious. The designing of the software tools automating base aspects of this approach is viewed in this work.


The development of quality indicators for orthopedic conditions began with a MEDLINE search of the English language literature from 1985 to the present using subject headings for knee pain, shoulder pain, and various joint-specific disorders. Additional review articles and clinical trials were identified by reviewing the reference sections of articles previously identified. Patients presenting with acute and subacute orthopedic complaints comprise a large proportion of all ambulatory care visits to primary care providers (Barker, 1991). The most common disorders not related to the back or neck involve the knee and the shoulder. This chapter provides an overview of important conditions for patients presenting with knee and shoulder complaints, including diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. We have concentrated on the most common causes of acute or subacute knee and shoulder complaints. For that reason, screening, diagnosis, and treatment for osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, or any of the crystalline-induced arthropathies will not be addressed in this chapter.


A perspective of the research activities in Japan aimed at the development of new computing technologies based on structures with ultra-small dimensions is presented. Examples are given of work toward the development of resonant tunneling circuits, electron-wave interference and single-electron tunneling devices, and atomic-scale fabrication technologies.<<ETX>>


This article measured the activities of microorganism and enzyme in tea garden soil on Mengding Mountain, and analyzed the correlations between the activities and soil physical chemical properties by normal methods. The results indicated that the quantity of bacteria was about 90 percent of the total among three groups of microbes. The quantity of fungi was followed, and the quantity of actinomyces was the least. The quantity of bacteria was in significant correlation with the soil total phosphorus and available potassium. The quantity of actinomyces and fungi had not significant correlation with Soil physico-chemical properties. The soil unease activity was between 0.165-0.248 NH3-Nmg·100g-1 earth (38℃,3h). The soil proteinase activity was between 6.332-10.665 NH2-N μg·g-1 earth(30℃,24h). The soil unease activity had extremely significant negative correlation with the available potassium, soil proteinase activity had significant negative correlation with total phosphorus and available phosphorus.


We present a detailed comparison between the latest observational data on the kinematical structure of the core of M15, obtained with the Hubble STIS and WFPC2 instruments, and the results of dynamical simulations carried out using the special-purpose GRAPE-6 computer. The observations imply the presence of a significant amount of dark matter in the cluster core. In our dynamical simulations, neutron stars and massive white dwarfs concentrate to the center through mass segregation, resulting in a sharp increase in M/L toward the center. While consistent with the presence of a central black hole, the Hubble data can also be explained by this central concentration of neutron stars and massive white dwarfs. The latter interpretation is more conservative, since such remnants result naturally from stellar evolution. However, runaway merging leading to the formation of a black hole may also occur for some range of initial conditions. We conclude that no central massive object is required to explain the observational data, although we cannot exclude such an object at the level of ∼ 10 3 solar masses.


The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of garlic treatment on structurally different Gals 1(Prototype), Gal 3 (chimera type), and Gal 9 (tandem-repeat type) secretion in sheep blood. St Croix sheep are parasite-resistant sheep useful for sustainable animal production. Producers seek to improve animal health and performance. Garlic (Allium sativum) and its derivatives are eco-friendly non-antibiotic growth-promoting dietary supplements. Garlic lectins have immune-modulatory effects that could interfere with animal lectins. Galectins (Gals) are a family of animal lectins that bind β-galactosides. Secreted Gals modulate pathological processes and immunity. A survey of (N=20) St Croix sheep was conducted to evaluate indicators of health and performance. Four clinically healthy female St Croix sheep (n=4) were used. Bodyweight (lb.), FAMACHA©, body condition score, blood, and fecal samples were collected. Blood was treated (37C for 30 min) with fresh Garlic (Herbal Roots CAs) at the following concentrations 0, 1, 10, 50,100 µg/ml PBS. Total plasma protein concentration was analyzed using BCA assay and secretion of Galectins 1,3 and 9 was determined using commercial ELISA(MY BIOSOURCE). All variables were analyzed using the statistical analysis software package SAS version 9.4(SAS Institute, Cary, NC) p≤0.05. Health indicators varied among sheep and no correlations were observed. The dose of garlic used and animal genetics had a variable effect. At 10ug/ml garlic increased concentration of total plasma protein (7%), Gal 1, 3(50% above control), and Gal-9 has no significant effect. concentration at 50 and 100 µg/ml garlic decreased all indicators. Galectin secretion was modulated by garlic treatment. There was a differential effect on the structurally distinct Gal types. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of Garlic on Gal mediated functions in St Croix sheep immunity and possible effects that can impact pathogenesis.


This paper reviews ideas and results from unsupervised learning theory that have given the best explanation yet of how neural firing rates self‐organise to code natural images in area V1 of visual cortex. It then discusses the generalisation of these ideas to self‐organising spike‐coding networks. A mismatch between the resulting spike‐learning algorithm and the known physiological processes of synaptic plasticity is then used as a motivation to introduce the rather obvious idea that neurons are not sending their information to other neurons, but to synapses—more microscopic structures. This prompts a survey of other inter‐level communications in the brain and inside cells. It is proposed on the basis of this that information flows all the way up and down the reductionist hierarchy—an idea that transforms many of our ideas about machine learning and neuroscience. What it transforms them into is not yet clear, but the remainder of the paper discusses this.


The operation of a discharge triode with supplementary intervals that tapers the front of the actuating impulse is described. Data are presented for the discharge time and the stability of this time. The best stability for a working voltage of 14 kv was plus or minus 1 nsec. A graph is plotted showing the relation of the operation time with the length of the supplementary interval. (tr-auth)


This article analyzes the Research Paper of Forest in Chang-Won County which is the original evaluation based on the researches of woodlands and the survey of each lot. It is to grasp the currents of the ownership of national forests and civil-owned-fields in Changwon and understand the ownership changes. The Paper shows that the civil-owned national ratio(85% of the total lots and 67% of the total area) is far greater than the national(15% of the lots and 33% the area). The private ownership is greate importance in civil ownership(98.5% of the lots and 98.1% of the areas). Changwon county's national forests have some special features like this. First, the Yungorim(緣故林)of the Bulyojonrim(不要存林) holds the majority in the total nationals and most of their loans are alloted to the pro-government groups or to its townships. Second, there's no the Yungorim of the Ipheaguanhang. Third, there are many forests which have military purpose in Jinhea and Chunga. The civil-owned forests have some features too. Its share rosed slightly by the forest survey. It also shows that the town ownership has increased for securing its finance on the one hand and for getting the town located in colonial regime on the other. The project has changed the ownership. First the national forests has increased by the way of reversing the Yun-Go-Rim to the national treasury. It was a result of the fact that the Gemynagsiljuck(禁養實積) was just alone applied as a criterion. There was no overall considering that could determine the right of the Yungorim being relevant to the occupations. Second the poor private ownership was created. That was the reason why the research made the management structure not based on the using rights but based on the ownerships. The group ownership like a family land(宗中) and gye(契) was also excluded. Because the project substituted the ownership of autonomous community for the joint-ownership the group ownership and the right of joint use were restricted or dismantled. Those policies individualized the ownership and promoted the small scale ownership widespread.


BACKGROUND
Do plastic surgeons really know what happens to the breast after surgery? We often think that we do, but we have very few measurements to show whether we are on the right track.

OBJECTIVES
Only when the surgeon can predict the changes can she or he achieve consistent outcomes. Measurements lead to understanding; understanding what the measurements show allows us to refine our approach.

METHODS
Consecutive patients in four categories were analyzed: breast reduction, mastopexy, augmentation, and mastopexy-augmentation. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon and all measurements were performed by the same surgeon. A standard measuring tape was used and data was collected immediately preoperatively and at each follow-up visit. Only those patients with preoperative and a full one-year postoperative measurements were included in this review. The parameters measured were CLAV-UBB (clavicle to upper breast border), UBB-N (upper breast border to nipple), SSN-N (suprasternal notch to nipple), SSN-IMF (suprasternal notch to inframammary fold), and MID-N (chest midline to nipple).

RESULTS
The changes were consistent. The borders of the breast footprint were expanded with the addition of an implant (UBB and IMF) and reduced with the removal of parenchyma (IMF). The existing SSN-N position was stretched when volume was added to the breast mound and it remained unchanged from the preoperatively marked position in a breast reduction.

CONCLUSIONS
Although measurements are not necessary to achieve good aesthetic results in breast surgery, surgeons should understand what the measurements show and what happens to the different breast parameters.


Infectivity of the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was measured by molecular filtration method. Before filtration, beef extract was added to the water (0.01%) and the condenced water was sterilized with 0.45μm filter pretreated with 1% FBS. Virus infectivity of IHNV in non-irradiated river water was 0.56TCID50/l and U.V, irradiated water was less than 0.32TCID50/l. Infectivity of the IHNV in the pond water where there was an IHN outbreak, was measured 5.60TCID50/l. Two groups of 1, 000 rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (body weight 0.11g), were cultured in 45l of aquarium, to use the river water and U.V. irradiated river water. U.V. dosage was 6.0 to 10.0×103μW⋅sec/cm2. Cumulative mortality of these 2 groups of the fish observed 25 days as 99.7% in river water and 3.9% in U.V. irradiated river water


Based on the concept of virtual reality, Susanne Langer explains that dance is a tool through which choreographers express their aesthetic intents. The aesthetic meanings delivered by choreographers are virtual realities that are made by dance movements. The audience`s understanding about virtual powers in dance are achieved by logical intuition. Langer`s dance aesthetics too much emphasizes the logical dimension among multi-dimensional characteristics in dance. The main reason for such a tendency is that the expression-communication theory, on which Langer`s dance theory is based, views dance largely from the perspective of audience. Regardless of such a theoretical weakness, Langer`s virtual reality is evaluated to provide a philosophical foundation for dance, and recognize the artistic value of dance as an independent art. In these respects, her dance theory is said to affect the dance field enormously.


The utility model provides the realization of the driving and switching of the double light of the far/near reaching light of the automobile HID using the far/near reaching light control signal provided by the automobile and a HID light driving device, which provides a practical and useful, low cost and highly reliable control device for the switch of the far/near reaching light of the automobile HID. The utility model comprises a single chip control circuit, a DC/DC voltage increasing circuit, a DC/AC inverting circuit, a switching circuit, a high voltage starting circuit 1 and a high voltage starting circuit 2. The DC/DC voltage increasing circuit, the DC/AC inverting circuit and the switching circuit are connected in sequence, the single chip control circuit is separately connected with the DC/DC voltage increasing circuit, the DC/AC inverting circuit and the switching circuit, the switching circuit is separately connected with the high voltage starting circuit 1 and the high voltage starting circuit 2. The working power source of the device can be provided by the battery jar of the automobile.


We present an efficient approach to restoring a blurred image in real time by using opto-electronic hybrid processing, by which an image motion vector can be effectively detected and an accurate point spread function (PSF) was modeled rapidly. A Wiener filter was adopted to restore the blurred image, greatly simplifying the complexity of the image restoration algorithm. The approach applies to the restoration of arbitrary motion blurred images. An opto-electronic hybrid joint transform correlation (JTC) was constructed to confirm the efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the distinct advantages of real time and good effect.


The experiment comprised of 10 treatments, such as T 0 : Control condition; T 1 : All chemical fertilizer as recommended dose; T 2 : Cowdung as recommended dose; T 3 : Compost as recommended dose; T 4 : ½ Cowdung + ½ Compost; T 5 : Cowdung + Compost; T 6 : Cowdung + ½ Chemical fertilizer; T 7 : Compost + ½ Chemical fertilizer; T 8 : Cowdung + Compost +½ Chemical fertilizer and T 9 : ½ Cowdung + ½ Compost + ½ Chemical fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on different growth characters and yield were recorded. Among the treatments all chemical fertilizers as recommended dose (T 1 ) and cowdung + compost + ½ chemical fertilizer (T 8 ) were found superior considering all yield contributing characters and yield. At 30 (Days after Sowing) DAS, the longest plant was recorded from T 8 (27.93 cm), while the shortest plant was found in T 0 (23.13 cm). At 50, 70, 90 DAS and harvest the longest plant was recorded from T 1 (52.13 cm, 82.13 cm, 85.93 cm and 95.21 cm), whereas the shortest plant was obtained from T 0 (41.14 cm, 65.84 cm, 70.77 cm and 76.00 cm). At 30, 50, 70, 90 DAS and harvest the maximum number of tillers hill -1 was recorded from T 1 (2.00, 5.64, 6.93, 6.15 and 5.78), whereas the minimum number was found in T 0 (1.33, 2.87, 4.20, 3.94 and 3.72). The longest spike (19.86 cm), maximum number of spikelets spikes -1 (20.33), maximum number of filled grains spike -1 (34.00), highest grain yield (3.71 t ha -1 ) and highest straw yield (5.78 t ha -1 ) was attained from T 1 and the shortest spike (14.33 cm), minimum number of spikelets spikes -1 (14.18), minimum number of filled grains spike -1 (21.53), lowest grain yield (2.06 t ha -1 ) and lowest straw yield (4.49 t ha -1 ) was recorded from T 0 . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22066 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 203-208 2013


The invention relates to a manufacture method of barren green fluorescent powder. In the method, a latent solvent system consisting of barium iodide, zinc iodide, potassium iodide and strontium bromide is adopted; activated aluminum Gamma-Al2O3 is used as the leading-in matter of a coactivator Al; copper nitrate is used as the leading-in matter of an activator Cu; the led-in Cu is used to replacethe heavy metal gold which belongs to the same main group of the Cu, thus realizing to manufacture the barren green powder the chroma X value of which is between 0.293 and 0.305 and extensively reducing the manufacture cost of the fluorescent powder; besides, the brightness of the fluorescent powder is improved by 2 percent; the color of the fluorescent powder is purer and plumper.


International Conference on Geological Engineering and Geosciences ICGoES 2021 International Conference on Geological Engineering and Geosciences (ICGoES 2021) presents 'Big City Challenges on Geohazard and Georesources' as the main conference theme. This conference provides a forum for international researchers, academics, practitioners, policymakers and related communities to discuss, share and exchange their latest research and experience progress associated with the field of geological engineering and geosciences. In addition, this conference also aimed to address a common issue of georesources sustainability, renewable energy sources and climate change-related geohazard and disasters in the development of urban areas. Certainly, those issues require an integrated approach and collaborative efforts in particular to build and enhance resilient cities in the respective countries. ICGoES 2021 provides opportunities to all participants in expanding their network, as an important step to achieve a coordinated approach and interdisciplinary collaboration at the regional and international level in the field of geological engineering and geosciences. We invited research papers on the topic of geohazard and georesources; but not limited to research papers, recent cases, and in-depth reviews of basic geology, applied geology, geophysics, geochemistry, engineering geology, geo-environmental engineering and any related geoscience. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation during the year, it is not easy to hold a regular conference in a specific place. There were travel restrictions and regulations from the World Health Organization and the Indonesian Government to be complied with to cut the spread of the COVID-19 virus in terms of physical distancing. In this uncertain condition, the ICGoES should not be postponed since participants have arranged to address their research findings at this conference. Thus, the committees of ICGoES have decided to switch the conference format into a virtual meeting using ZOOM. List of Committees, Conference Photos are available in this pdf.


ABSTRACT Ferrous chloride has been evaluated as a novel approach to stabilize arsenic in mine tailings. The influence of iron/arsenic molar ratio, pH, stabilization time, granularity, and temperature on the concentration of released arsenic was evaluated. Arsenic speciation before and after stabilization was characterized. When the iron/arsenic molar ratio was 1 and the pH was between 6.5 and 7.5 below 50°C using a stabilization time of 1 h, the concentration of released arsenic was below 2.5 mg/L which meets national Chinese standards. Hence, this approach enhanced the stability of arsenic and reduced the toxicity of mining by-products.


The prognosis of biliary atresia is closely related with the age of operation.Early diagnosis and differential diagnosis with infantile hepatitis syndrome is important.Main imaging methods include ultrasonography,magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography,cholangiography and hepatobiliary scintigraphy.Each method has its own advantage and shortage.US is superior to HBS in the diagnostic specificity of BA and sensitivity of HIS.While,HBS is better in the diagnostic sensitivity of BA.MRCP can show the structure of bile duct and influenced by the equipment conditions.Cholangiography,served as the gold standard,is difficult and tends to cause great trauma.This article summarize the imaging method and its advancement in the diagnosis of BA and IHS.


Several bulk nickel catalysts obtained from different procedures have been structurally characterized using BET, XRD, SEM, TPR and TPD techniques. XRD and SEM clearly show diffentiated crystalline morphologies on the oxidized and reduced nickel phases obtained from the three catalysts studied, in agreement with the BET surface areas. TPR and TPD results show the reducibility behaviour, and that mainly atomic hydrogen chemisorbs onto the catalysts with the better crystallized and larger nickel crystallites. The catalytic activities depicted by this study for the hydrodechlorination reaction of ortho-dichlorobenzene show that all the bulk nickel catalysts tested yield conversions and selectivities towards benzene of >80% at temperatures >493 K. Also, the catalysts with larger octahedral crystallites showed higher TOF values and selectivities toward benzene than those with poorly crystallized structures at any reaction temperature in the range 523–393 K. The behaviour is interpreted in terms of a structure-sensitive reaction. Also, a reversible/irreversible temperature-dependent mechanism of nickel chloride formation is proposed.


Monocrystalline semiconductor wafer, which is at least 80% of silicon and having the defective reduced areas, said faulty reduced regions have a density of GOI-relevant defects in the range of 0 /


As a result of a field research study for adoption of mobile Banking services (M.B.S), by approach banking to customer satisfaction in the Melli bank of Mashhad has been examined. In this study, the methodologies of descriptivecorrelational and cross-sectional survey were employed. Our Statistic society of this Study consisted of all individuals eligible who were available for completing the distinct questionnaire in special sites considered were to complete them. Random sampling of 234 cases was selected from clients of this bank. At Beginning in data Analysis Information, Survey for the reliability of the theoretical models, evaluated via the application of Amos software. Then Available information through the SPSS and Amos Software were analyzed. The results showed that five variable comprise: Familiarity with Bank, Information quality, trust, Perceived Usefulness, and ease of use, have a direct significant relationship to customer satisfaction in mobile Banking service, while the relationship between design qualities, have not a significant relationship whit customer satisfaction for.


along a path in the complex plane. This theoretical process uses power series expansions of the solution at successive points ~k of this path: in practice, these expansions have to be truncated; moreover, in the general case, their coefficients are not exactly known. But in fact, they can be computed from the homomorphic function 'H. To do this, we use a computer algebra system: it provides expressions that next are evaluated at a finite number of points (zk, tk ), where tk is an approached value of the solution at the point z!c. tk depends on zo, 21, . . . . Zk–1, Zk, aO, tO,


In this article, an advanced approach for land deformation monitoring using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry combined with polarimetric information is presented. The linear and nonlinear components of the deformation, the error of the digital elevation model (DEM) and the atmospheric artefacts can be achieved by a coherent target (CT)-neighbourhood networking approach. In order to detect recent land deformation in Shanghai, China, 12 ENVISAT advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) alternating polarization images acquired from January 2006 to August 2008 are employed for deformation analysis. Over a 2.5-year period, two deformation velocity fields from HH and VV modes over Shanghai are derived using the CT-neighbourhood networking SAR interferometry (InSAR), then integrated into a final deformation map by a fusion scheme. It is found that the annual subsidence rates in the study area range from −20 to 10 mm year−1 and the average subsidence rate in the downtown area reaches −7.5 mm year−1, which is consistent with the local government statistics published in 2007.


Satyanarayana puja and recitation of Vrata Katha, along with partaking sirini - a typical muslim Prasada, offered to Satyapir, who identified with Satyanarayana in the Pals, are considered a well integrated ceremony by the Hindus all over India.


Introduction The number of TKAs (total knee arthroplasty) continues to rise. As per estimates , in the United States the number of total knee arthroplasties is expected to reach 3 million by 2030 (1) . Estimated prevalence of knee OA was found to be 28.7% in India (2) . As compared to the western population , the incidence of osteoarthritis in India is higher. Seventeen percent of these were Kellegren Lawrence grade 3 or 4 and 94% of them were BL (bilateral) (3) . Whereas 23% of patients with unilateral symptoms report disability, 74% of the patients with bilateral symptoms report disability in daily activities of living (3) and hence bilateral disease assumes added significance in the Indian scenario. Total knee arthroplasty is an established treatment option for end stage arthritis. In view of high prevelance of bilateral disease in India, the debate of simultaneous bilateral TKA versus staged BL TKA becomes relevant.


We examine theoretically the role of spin-waves on current-induced domain wall dynamics in a ferromagnetic wire. At room temperature, we find that an interaction between the domain wall and the spin waves appears when there is a finite difference between the domain wall velocity $\dot{x}_0$ and the spin current $u$. Three important consequences of this interaction are found. Firstly, spin-wave emission leads to a Landau-type damping of the current-induced domain wall motion towards restoring the solution $\dot{x}_0 = u$, where spin angular momentum is perfectly transfered from the conduction electrons to the domain wall. Secondly, the interaction leads to a modification of the domain wall width and mass, proportional to the kinetic energy of the domain wall. Thirdly, the coupling by the electrical current between the domain wall and the spin waves leads to temperature-dependent effective wall mass.


Two lytic enzymes (enzyme I and enzyme II) that lysed Micrococcus lysodeikticus were isolated from the crude extract of Polysphondylium pallidum myxamoebae grown in the presence of Klebsiella aerogenes by precipitation with protamine sulfate and by chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B. Enzyme I was further purified by gel filtration on a Superose12 column, and enzyme II by chromatography on a MonoQ HR 5/5 column and gel filtration on a Superose12 column. Enzyme I was a basic protein, while enzyme II was acidic. The molecular weights of enzyme I and II were about 14,000 and 22,000, respectively by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Optimum pHs for the activity were 5.0 for enzyme I and between 3.5 and 4.0 for enzyme II. The maximum activity of enzyme I and II was obtained at 65°C and 45°C to 55°C and at ionic strength of 0.0075 to 0.03 and 0.06, respectively. Both enzymes cleaved the glycosidic bond of β(1,4)-N-acetylmuramyl-acetylglucosamine of the cell wall peptidoglycan of Micrococcus lysodeiktic...


In this paper, we propose an adaptive and convex combination of a recent class of nonlinear adaptive filters in different configurations. The proposed architecture relies on the properties of the adaptive combination of filters which exploits the capabilities of different constituents, thus adaptively providing at least the behavior of the best performing filter. The nonlinear functions involved in the adaptation process are based on spline function interpolation and their shapes can be modified during learning using gradient-based techniques. In addition, we derive a simple form of the adaptation algorithm and present some experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


turnaround cost estimates. Rather, it attempts to lay the groundwork for a discussion on how to improve cost estimating in process facility turnarounds. It highlights the point that cost estimating in the turnaround world is currently not very accurate. It then goes on to look at ideas on how to improve cost estimate accuracy, by looking at ideas that might be adapted from the capital project world. In particular, it looks at the stage gate approval system, the development of scope and estimate bases for different levels of estimate accuracy, and at the development of allowances for "known unknowns" and contingency for "unknown unknowns". Finally, it makes some suggestions for the next steps in developing better turnaround cost estimates.


The importance of networks as both an organisational form and an access route for the exchange of resources has increasingly been recognised in business and management. Social enterprise is just one area in which government funding has been used to support the development of formal support networks. This paper reviews the theoretical constructs of social network analysis and applies them to the analysis of a social enterprise network organisation. These constructs, relating to the structure of networks, the nature of the relationships or ties within them, the content of these ties, the context of the network overall, and the degree to which a network is purposive or goal-directed, are found to have relevance in shaping strategy and measuring performance for social enterprise networks.


The development of a methodology for calculating the designed strength of an unconventional kingpin-type load-carrying system for the articulated tractor container carrier on pneumatic wheels is an important and relevant task due to the unique layout of a given specialized vehicle. The purpose of this work is to devise a procedure for calculating the designed strength of a clip load-carrying system for the articulated tractor container carrier on pneumatic wheels, aimed at building an improved structure with rational metal consumption. The results of the theoretical and experimental studies have determined the most common estimation cases. They include the movement over the technological roads' irregularities along the horizontal section of the road ‒ an estimation case of the semi-trailer frame girders. climbing a high curb at an angle was also considered as an estimation case for the semi-trailer frame girders and cross member. Starting a tractor container carrier forward with an insurmountable obstacle in front of the semi-trailer's wheels was analyzed as an estimation case for the cross member of the frame and the suspension attachment units in the semi-trailer of a tractor container carrier. The result of the reported theoretical and experimental research is the determined load that acts on one cradle structure of the load-carrying system; it forms the torsional rigidity of the frame structure. Underlying the derived mathematical model for each case are the torsional moments and inertia moments that act on the structural elements of the girder in different planes. The mathematical models have been built on the basis of strength conditions for each estimation case and thus form a mathematical formula for determining the wall thickness of the frame girder. The mathematical notation demonstrates the degree of advantage of climbing a high curb at an angle over other estimation cases for the semitrailer frame member and girders. The estimation parameters underlying the mathematical model are meant to prevent the breaking and torsion of the semi-trailer frame in a tractor container carrier


A numerical investigation has been carried out to study laminar flow and heat transfer characteristics in a three-dimensional isothermal wall square-channel with 30° staggered angled-baffles. The computations are based on the finite volume method, and the SIMPLE algorithm has been implemented. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are presented for Reynolds numbers based on the hydraulic diameter of the channel ranging from 100 to 1200. To generate a pair of streamwise counter-rotating vortex (P-vortex) flows through the tested channel, the baffles (like rectangular winglet) with the attack angle of 30° are mounted in tandem and staggered arrangement on both upper and lower walls of the test channel. Effects of different baffle heights at a single pitch ratio (PR=3) on heat transfer and pressure loss in the channel are studied. It is found that P-vortex flows created by the 30° baffle exist and help to induce impinging jets on a side wall and the upper and lower wall leading to drastic increase in heat transfer rate over the test channel. In addition, the increase in the baffle height results in the rise of Nusselt number and friction factor values. The computational results reveal that the optimum thermal enhancement factor of the baffle is about 2.9 at height of 0.15 times of the channel height.


Abstract Question: Is the seed bank in dune slacks during the whole successional range mainly composed of early successional species or does it vary according to the changing vegetation? Location: Belgium, western part of the coast. Methods: We investigated the soil seed bank composition using a seedling germination method in a chronosequence of 20 dune slacks, ranging in age from five to 55 yr. Results: Both seed density and species richness in the seed bank were very low in the first successional stages and increased with age, mainly as a result of increasing seed production. The similarity between seed bank and vegetation was higher in older slacks. A comparison of characteristics between seed bank and vegetation showed that the seed bank was, to a large extent, composed of later successional species. Occurrence patterns of individual species also showed that seeds become incorporated in the soil after the species has established in the vegetation. Conclusion: The seed bank is not likely to be the driving force for successional changes in the vegetation, and successional changes rely on dispersal. Some early successional species persist in the seed bank, but generally only in low numbers. The results also confirm that most typical dune slack species do not form persistent seeds, so that re-establishment from the seed bank is not to be expected when the species has disappeared from the vegetation.


The volume of construction sector and housing construction in particular has been remarkably increased after the second half of the 2000s. Beyond economy policies, institutional and legal restructuring in the planning system, as well as in Mass Housing Law, has an important role on massive increase in housing construction. In this period, which is dominated by the market housing, housing construction not only increased in quantity but also the supply variety in housing types increased. Either middle or high income groups are on the target of the supply market, however, low income groups are mainly ignored. Likewise, the Mortgage Law restricts low-income groups loan opportunities based on 20% pre-payment and 10 year lenght period for repayments. Consequently, new housing supply for low-income groups and low-income groups accessibility to housing ownership market has been a striking problem. This study investigates housing affordability in new supply according to different income groups. Income groups are represented by quintiles. An affordability index according to quintiles is developed in between years 2006-2014 for five NUTS1 region in order to reflect the changing affordability levels of those groups in years. Evaluations based on the varying index levels both for income groups in quintiles and geographic regions. Discussions were deepened by focusing on low-income groups' affordability levels.


Infill walls,etc. non-load-bearing walls are vulnerable to fracture when these are subjected to out-of-plane seismic loads. Studies suggest that the overall dimensions of non-load-bearing walls are the important parameters to affect its out-of-plane mechanical properties, but most of these researches are qualitative researches, do not give specific size limitations. This paper based on codes has calculated out-of-plane loads of non-load-bearing walls, then bearing capacity check formulas have been deduced when non-load-bearing walls are subjected to out-of-plane seismic loads, finally the size limitations used in the height-thickness ratio check and seismic check are obtained.The conclusions fill up gaps in research of non-load-bearing walls ,and provide reference for the design specifications of non-load-bearing walls.


China's PV industry is facing great challenges and severe impacts from the heavy tariff imposed by foreign countries.This article did a research on the trade policy such as R D subsidy policy,export tax rebate policy and technical trade barrier to evaluate their effects on promoting the development of PV industry.Through constructing the AHP-gray relational analysis,and using the PV industry in The Yangtze River Delta region as an example,this paper provides some countermeasure recommendations to our country's PV industry trade policy based on the above three aspects.


The purpose of this researchare to analyze time pressure, audit risk, materiality, Locus of control and supervision that can affect the premature sign off audit procedures. The population in this research is the auditors who work in the public accountant office in DKI Jakarta and as much as 113 respondents are selected as samples in this research. The collection of primary data is carried out by performing survey method which gives written questions in the form of questionnaires and directly distribute it to the respondents in each the public accountant office. The test of data is done the validity and reliability, as well as the normality test. The hypothesis was analyzed using the Multiple Regression Analysis as well as R 2 -test and T-test assisted with SPSS 20.0 the analyze for the effect of time pressure, audit risk, materiality, locus of control and supervision of the premature sign off audit procedures. The result of the study showed that the time pressure, materiality, Locus of control and supervision have effect positivelyand significant to the premature sign off audit procedures.


This document is the third of five evaluation reports for the Advantage I-75 Mainline Automated Clearance Systems (MACS) on the performance and productivity of weigh stations along the I-75/Highway 401 corridor between Ontario and Florida. The vision of the Advantage I-75 program is to incorporate existing technologies into an ITS operational setting that will provide an initial step in the process of adapting the nation's highway systems to accommodate the increased demands placed on it. A field operational test entitled Mainline Automated Clearance Systems (MACS) was designed and implemented for the Advantage I-75 program. The objective of the MACS operational test was to allow transponder-equipped trucks to travel any segment of the entire length of I-75 and Highway 401 at mainline speeds with no more than a single stop at a weigh station. The purpose of this part of the evaluation is to determine if mainline electronic clearance produces significant travel time savings for motor carriers. The data collection procedure used to make this determination was designed by Iowa State University. The prescribed method was to position recorders at the entrance point of the weigh station, at the static scale and at the exit point of the weigh station. The recorders, equipped with stop watches, then recorded the time each truck crossed the specific point. Mainline speeds were also recorded. The difference in time between the commercial vehicle in the weigh station, and one on the mainline was the estimated time savings attributable to being electronically screened on the mainline.


The connection between positronium formation at a graphite surface and the presence of physisorbed oxygen has been investigated. Unique measurements reveal the sensitivity of the positronium signal to the coverage and phase of the adsorbed layers. Below 38 K, the solid ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\zeta}}}_{2}$ phase strongly promotes the creation of positronium and the temperature dependence of the intensity may be related to the tilt of the molecules on the substrate. In contrast, a fluid bilayer denies the observation of positronium probably due to the rapid formation of ${\mathrm{PsO}}_{2}$.