The invention belongs to the field of water pumps and provides a double use water pump for land use and underwater use aiming at solving the problem that an existing pump can not achieve an amphibious function. According to the scheme, the water pump comprises a shell, a front end cover and a rear end cover, a closed motor cover is arranged in the shell, a motor is installed in the motor cover, a gap used for liquid to flow through is formed between the motor cover and the shell, a screw type blade is arranged at the output end of the motor, a threaded rod rubber jacket is matched with the front end portion of the screw type blade, and the threaded rod rubber jacket is tightly pressed on a baffle board through a pressing plate. According to the water pump, the cooling of the motor is achieved through running water outside the motor cover, so that the motor is in a low temperature state for a long time, the motor is not prone to being damaged, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; the motor is sealed by the motor cover, so that when the motor is used underwater, water can not enter into the motor, therefore, short circuit does not occur, the motor can not be burned out, the use is not limited, the parts which water flows through are made of either stainless steel or nylon materials, and the safety of the water source is guaranteed.


Two‐photon spectroscopy of the extremely narrow 1S‐2S transition has reached a resolution better than 1 part in 1011. Recent precision measurements of the 1S Lamb shift, the hydrogen‐deuterium isotope shift, and the Rydberg constant are reported.


Ultra high definition (UHD) game scenes have caused the memory bandwidth problem. The lossless DPCM-GR based compression algorithm [12] using NVIDIA CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture) like general purpose GPU (GPGPU) computing relieves the bandwidth problem without sacrificing image quality, which supports bit parallel pipelining. This paper increases the memory bandwidth efficiency using the shared memory of CUDA based on the compression algorithm [12]. Also, various asynchronous transfer configurations which can overlap the kernel execution and data transfer between the Host and the CUDA device are implemented with the pagelocked host memory. Experimental results show that GPGPU CUDA computing obtains the maximum 87.5 and 30.6 times speedups for GTX650Ti and GT330, respectively, comparing to Host CPU. Also, the maximum reductions of the compression time for GTX650Ti and GT330 are 54.1% and 30.3%, respectively, among various concurrency transfer configurations.


A novel municipal wastewater treatment system, consisting of a combination of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) posttreatment unit, was continuously evaluated for more than three years with raw sewage as an influent. The system was installed at a sewage treatment site and operated at 25±3°C . This paper reports on the results of a long term monitoring of the system. The whole experimental period was divided into three distinct phases with different operating conditions. Organic pollutants were only partially removed in anaerobic UASB pretreatment unit. The remaining organics as well as nitrogenous compounds were almost completely removed by the DHS posttreatment unit. In all phases the system demonstrated removal efficiency consistently over 95% for unfiltered biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 80% for unfiltered-chemical oxygen demand and 70% for suspended solids. The system produced an excellent effluent quality with only 4–9 mg∕L of residual unfiltered BOD. Diss...


The possibility of noncommutative topological gravity arising in the same manner as Yang-Mills theory is explored. We use the Seiberg-Witten map to construct such a theory based on a $SL(2,\mathbf{C})$ complex connection, from which the Euler characteristic and the signature invariant are obtained. Finally, we speculate on the description of noncommutative gravitational instantons, as well as noncommutative local gravitational anomalies.


An experimental demonstration of a novel photonic sampler for a hybrid analogue-digital converter based on time interweaved wavelength channels is described. The technique uses a single modelocked laser to produce multiple wavelength channels where the wavelength channels are time interweaved to form a pulsed optical carrier for signal sampling.


The 21 authors of this paper[1] make important clinical points: the data supporting a need to emotionally stabilize patients with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prior to an exposure treatment are not conclusive. No randomized trials have in fact compared phased emotional stabilization plus exposure to exposure therapy alone. The treatment guideline endorsing a two-step, phase-based approach as preferable to exposure therapy is therefore premature. It is possible that complex PTSD may simply be more severe or more comorbid than standard PTSD. The authors are also right that we need further clinical trials—which are not a current funding priority of the NIMH—to better understand the optimal sequencing of treatments in a relatively understudied, particularly severe ill subset of patients with PTSD. But the De Jongh et al. article is more than its contents. It has a partisan tone. The authors include luminaries in exposure-based therapies, and they presumably have an allegiance to exposure therapy. The paper is both a research rebuttal and a many-authored manifesto: while presenting valuable evidence, its tone also attests to the authors' allegiance to a purely exposure-based approach. Indeed, exposing patients to trauma reminders is the best tested and best proven treatment for PTSD generally, although some alternative approaches have begun to show promise.[2–4] Yet the authors might have increased their credibility and balance by inviting phase-based (counterallegiant) researchers to contribute to their article. Instead, by the article's end, the authors have turned


Most people are aware of the importance of oral communication s k i l ls for those business people who are asked to give oral reports or to speak a t special gatherings. However, the oral communication s k i l ls needed in employment are often not recognized, even by the individuals who are involved. This researcher found that while the business community 1s aware of the importance of oral communication, l i t t l e has been done by business people or educators to promote the teaching of oral communication s k il ls to the labor force in positions not requiring college education. The purpose of this study was to survey vocational-technical educators, employers and employees to determine th e ir perceptions of the oral communication s k i l ls needed fo r men and women in vocationaltechnical employment. A series of questionnaires and interviews were used to gather substantive data to test the null hypothesis: There is no relationship between the achievement of selected oral communication competencies and the supervisory le v e l, self-perceived job performance, and s e l f  perceived job satisfaction among individuals with vocational-technical tra i ning. The questionnaire sent to educators and employers contained seventeen competency-based oral communication s k i l ls which are jobrelated. These were drawn from oral communication competencies found in many competency-based educational programs and presented as behaviorallystated objectives. The recipients were asked to rank each statement as to its importance in employment. Six statements were regarded as necessary fo r employment by over seventy percent o f the educators and employers who responded. These are (1) listens to others, understands directions given by others, (2) asks questions when in doubt without hes ita tion, (3) communicates directions c le a r ly , (4) responds to questions asked by others, (5) a r t ic  ulates and pronounces words c learly so others can understand, and (6) communicates ideas to co-workers. The educators and employers agreed that of the seventeen competencies given, the a b i l i ty to "talk before a group or in a one-to-one setting and present information c le a r ly , accurately, and interestingly" was the least needed s k i l l . A review of existing vocational-technical programs in this area revealed that l i t t l e or no emphasis is placed on providing vocationaltechnical trainees with needed s k i l ls in oral communication, A th ird questionnaire was sent to recent graduates of vocationaltechnical programs in the New Orleans metropolitan area to determine the extent to which these individuals had gained oral communication competencies and the e ffe c t of th e ir speaking s k i l ls on th e ir employment. The respondents were employed in sixteen vocational or technical occupations with the largest percentage being in welding and o ffice occupations. Over seventy-nine percent of the respondents were between the ages of twenty and th i r ty f iv e . F if ty -s ix percent of the respondents were women.


Aims: The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of Kinesiotape ® (KT) and exercise on functional ankle instability score measure by the Y-test in female soccer athletes. Study Design: Interrupted time series with treatment removal. Place and Duration of Study: Futebol Clube Benfica. Between January 2014 and March 2014. Methodology: Six female athletes with a mean age 22.5 (+/3.02) years old, mean weight 59.9 (+/9.9) kg, height 163.3 (+/6.5) cm and with functional ankle instability participated. Ankle instability was measured by the Y-Test at four different times: initial measure, after two weeks without any treatment, three weeks after KT application period and three weeks after the specific exercise plan application. Results: The sample was reduced to five participants (7 feet) with functional ankle instability. After analysis, 57.1% of the sample benefited from the use of KT in at least two of the three directions measured. On the other hand, 42.9% showed positive changes for the anterior reach direction apparently because of the specific exercise programme for ankle instability. The Wilcoxon test Short Communication Duarte and Atalaia; JSRR, 5(6): 507-516, 2015; Article no.JSRR.2015.117 508 results revealed statistically significant differences in the composite reach distance associated with the use of KT (P = 0.01). Significant differences were reported (P< 0.05) in the anterior reach direction related to the implementation of the exercise plan. Conclusion: A tendency for a functional improvement of the ankle instability in the study population was observed by the use of KT. Differences between the use of KT and the exercise plan were unclear.


The cumulative function relationship between route choice probability and route impedance is derived from the original logit model by utilizing the relative impedance instead of the absolute impedance of the model. The well-known least squares method, which has the advantage of computational simplicity, could be used for the estimation of logit parameter. The estimation of logit diversion parameter is tested by using the curve fitting method and the route choice data collected in central district of Guangzhou city from taxies equipped with GPS. Results show that it is a practical way for parameter estimation of logit model.


This paper discusses the relationship between evaluation index system existing problems caused during the process of construction and development of libraries in Hainan Province.Furthermore,this paper puts forward some discussions about continuous improvement of the service level.


In this paper we present briefly the result of a tight-binding parametrization of the electronic band structure of PrBa2Cu3O7. We use it to calculate the normal state optical conductivity. We look further at the longly discussed problem of a possible displacement of the apical oxygen, O(4) in the standard notation, from its theoretical position. There is no consensus on whether this displacement takes actually place or not. We calculate the effect of the different possible displacement on the density of states near the Fermi level, and on the low frequency optical conductivity where we find measurable differences.


Objective To conduct real-time observation of living biofilm formation and determine the thickness of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.Methods After green fluorescent protein(GFP)expression plasmid was transfected to Pseudomonas aeruginosa,the horizontal section scanning of living biofilm was done in real-time with confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM).The thickness of living biofilm was determined according to Z axial distance.Results The biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed in three stages,which were the adherence phase from 0 to 6 hours,the assembly phase from 6 to 24 hours,and the maturation phase from 24 to 72 hours.The thickness of the biofilm at 6,24,48,and 72 hr were 6.1±2.8,29.2±2.3,61.4±1.4,and 61.8±1.1μm,respectively.Statistical analysis showed that the thickness of the biofilm at 6 hr was less than that of at 24 hr(P0.01)and the thickness of the biofilm at 24 hr was less than that of at 48 hr(P0.01).There was no difference in the thickness of the biofilm between the time of 48 hr and 72 hr(P0.05).Conclusion CLSM can be used to observe the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in real-time and to determine its thickness.


Transcription factor T‐cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1 (Tal‐1) is essential for the specification of hematopoietic development. Mice lacking Tal1 fail to generate any hematopoietic precursors. Using our co‐culture system with stromal cells, we demonstrate that enforced expression of the transcription factor PU.1 under tetracycline control in Tal1‐null embryonic stem (ES) cells rescues the development of osteoclasts and macrophage–like phagocytes. It was low efficiency compared with wild–type ES cells; other hematopoietic lineage cells of granulocytes, B cells, mast cells, megakaryocytes, and erythroid cells were not generated. Osteoclasts developed in this culture were multinucleated and competent for bone resorption. Their development depended on macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand. The majority of cells with the potential to differentiate into osteoclasts expressed fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk‐1) and could be isolated using anti–Flk‐1 antibody. These results suggest that the expression of PU.1 is a critical event for osteoclastogenesis and that Tal‐1 may lie upstream of PU.1 in a regulatory hierarchy during osteoclastogenesis.


An edge of a 6 connected graph is said to be 6-contractible if its contraction results still in a 6 connected graph.A noncomplete 6 connected graph is called contraction-critical if it has no any 6-contractible edge.Let G be a contraction-critical 6 connected graph.By Egawa's result,G has a vertex of degree 6.Let V_6 denote the set of vertices of degree 6 in G.Recently,Ando et.al showed that there is a constant c such that |V_6|≥c|V(G)|,and c≥17.In this note,it is proved that c≥15.


I applaud Anderson et al. (2003) for a well-reasoned article advocating increased scientific rigor in our profession. We must always look for ways to improve our contributions to wildlife conservation, and their article offered a myriad of good ideas. I found that the article covered the science part of our applied science quite well, but more discussion of some applied aspects of our profession is warranted. I submit the following as a continuing contribution to this much-needed discussion.


Increased public awareness of health benefits of green tea is generally based on the high polyphenol content of tea leaves and the resulting beverage. A number of factors, such as species, season, agronomic condition and age of the leaves, are known to affect the composition of commercial teas. In the present study the effects of factors associated with domestic preparation and analytical methods, such as brewing time, concentration, solvent and type of tea product, on levels of catechins and caffeine, antioxidant activity and estimated daily intakes were investigated. There were large variations in the levels of total catechins: 43 and 117 mg g−1 dry matter (DM) (brewed for 30 s and 5 min respectively); 72 and 161 mg g−1 DM (extracted in boiling water and 50% acetonitrile respectively); 72 and 117 mg g−1 DM (a tea bag and tea leaves respectively). The effects on caffeine content were comparatively smaller. These variations consequently led to considerable variations in estimated daily intakes based on three cups (600 ml), ranging between 538 and 2014 mg g−1 DM of total catechins and between 103 and 466 mg g−1 DM of caffeine. The antioxidant activity was highest (26 680 µmol g−1 DM) for tea leaves brewed for 5 min and lowest (10 110 µmol g−1 DM) for a tea bag product brewed for 1 min. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry


this book features beautiful photographs of 200 cleaned, and sometimes incredibly posed, vertebrate skeletons, with the goal to show the reader some of the diversity which exists. Given the subtitle, one would ex pect to have either near-equal representation across the vertebrates or a selection reflective of the richness of each major group (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds). In other words, half the book would be fishes, then diminishing numbers through birds, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians. Huskey did get the number of illustrated fish to match their proportion of vertebrates in nature, but his bias with snakes skews everything else. And given that a snake skeleton (save for the skull) is about as simple as it gets (skull, followed by tons of vertebrae with ribs, followed by vertebrae without ribs), it's puzzling to see why so many were included, especially when amphibians, mammals, and birds (illustrated by two, ten, and six photographs, respectively), were given such short shrift. Each photograph is accompanied by an informative species account. In most cases, a description of the animal (intact, not just the skeleton), its habitat, diet, predators, and sometimes a few other interesting topics are covered. Conservation notes are added, with comments on the pet trade and introduced species, for example. these accounts are just long enough to whet one's ap petite to learn more. there is no apparent order to the presentation of the species, and this almost allows Huskey to get away with some strategic copy and paste moments in the accounts. For example, for all six chameleons, we read exactly the same thing about their "hodge-podge of anatomical novelties", their independently moving eyes, their two-thumbed feet, the prehensile tail, and ballistic tongues. Spitting cobras, triggerfish, and vipers have similarly repeated passages. the only other text is the short introduction, and it is fine. Although Huskey mentions that dermestid beetles were used to clean the skeletons, a more detailed meth odology would have been nice. For example, what treatment was used on the skeletons to make them so shiny and white? How were the cartilaginous skeletons preserved? How were the skeletons rearticulated (especially for those notorious fish skulls)? Are they on display in a museum now? Photographers may want to know how the photographs were made. Were they digitally post-processed? this book can be compared with Evolution (de Pa nafieu and Gries 2011), a book with equally beautiful photographs of skeletons, one of which was contributed by Huskey. of the two books, Evolution shows a more diverse array of skeletons (including a few invertebrates) and the specimens are organized by topic, usually with a several-page description introducing each topic, which just seems to work better. Nonetheless, The Skeleton Revealed is informative, and the photographs are just a pleasure to view.


A multi-level thresholding method for image segmentation is presented. The image is divided into multiple regions based on the grayscale level. The procedure for finding best thresholds is implemented by a genetic algorithm with appropriate coding method. The experiment results show that the proposed method gives a good performance.


We present the first results of a Spitzer IRAC (Infrared Array Camera) wide-field survey of two regions of the Coma Cluster. The observations cover two fields; the first is a 0.733 deg2 region in the core of the cluster (Coma 1), the second a 0.555 deg2 off-center region located ~57' (1.7 Mpc) southwest from the core (Coma 3). The IRAC observations, although short 70-90 s exposures, are very sensitive; we detect ~29,200 sources at 3.6 μm over the total ~1.3 deg2 survey area. We construct 3.6 μm galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) for each field using selection functions based on spectroscopic redshifts. At the bright end, the LFs are well modeled by a traditional Schechter function; ⟨M,α1⟩ = ⟨-25.17, - 1.18⟩ and ⟨-24.69, -1.30⟩ for Coma 1 and Coma 3 respectively. However, at the faint end (M3.6 μm > -20.5) there is a steep increase in the LF slope in both fields indicative of large numbers of red dwarf galaxies. The reality of this population is examined using SDSS optical counterparts with optical color filtering (g - r < 1.3). The steep increase can be modeled with a power-law function, with slopes of α2 = -2.18 (Coma 1) and α2 = -2.60 (Coma 3), the difference likely indicating a change in environmental effects between the two fields. A qualitative comparison with optical (B- and R-band) LFs shows that we are likely to be observing a larger population of dwarf galaxies in the near-IR, which may be a low surface brightness (LSB) population that IRAC is particularly sensitive to, or a population too red to be detected in the existing optical surveys down to R ~ 20.


With recent advance in the epitaxial growth of silicon-germanium heterojunction, Si/SiGe HBTs with high f(sub max) and f(sub T) have received great attention in MMIC applications. In the past year, technologies for mesa-type Si/SiGe HBTs and other lumped passive components with high resonant frequencies have been developed and well characterized for circuit applications. By integrating the micromachined lumped passive elements into HBT fabrication, multi-stage amplifiers operating at 20 GHz have been designed and fabricated.


Phosphorus (P) is a key indicator of the aquatic organism growth and eutrophication in lakes. The distribution and speciation of P and its release characteristics from sediments were investigated by analyzing sediment and water samples collected during high flow and low flow periods. Results showed that the average concentrations (ranges) of total phosphorus (TP) in the surface and deep water were 0.06 mg L-1 (0.03–0.13 mg L-1) and 0.15 mg L-1 (0.06–0.33 mg L-1), respectively, while the average concentration (range) of TP in sediments was 709.17 mg kg-1 (544.76–932.11 mg kg-1). The concentrations of TP and different forms of P varied spatially in the surface sediments, displaying a decreasing trend from south to north. P also varied topographically from estuarine areas to lake areas. The vertical distribution of TP and different forms of P were observed to decrease as depth increased. The P concentrations during the low flow period were higher than those during the high flow period. Inorganic phosphorus (IP) was the dominant form of P, accounting for 61%–82% of TP. The concentration of bioavailable phosphorus in sediments was relatively large, indicating a high risk of release to overlying water. The simulation experiment of P release from sediments showed that the release was relatively fast in the first 0-5 min and then decreased to a plateau after 1 hr. Approximately 84–89% of the maximum amount of P was released during the first hour.


The element contents of W and Ni in catalyst impregnating solution were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectra with filter paper method.Test varies and influence factors were investigated.Results showed that the contents of WO3,NiO measured by this method agreed well with that chemical method,which the relative standard deviation for each element was less than 1.0% and the accuracies were 98 %~102 % for WO3 and 97 %~102 % for NiO respectively.


General comment Overall, I think this is a fantastic observational dataset of variation in fish communities during tidally driven variation in DO. The DO data themselves, sampled across a spatial gradient in the mangroves, are very interesting and nicely plotted. The authors recorded fish videos at an impressive number of sites and hours in this remote location, and identified a large number of fish species. The analysis is creative.


Abstract We have successfully grown non-c-axis-oriented epitaxial ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) films with (116) and (103) orientations on Si(100) substrates using epitaxial (110)- and (111)-oriented SrRuO3 (SRO) bottom electrodes, respectively. The SRO orientations have been induced by coating the Si(100) substrates with epitaxial YSZ(100) and MgO(111)/ YSZ(100) buffer layers, respectively. All films were sequentially grown by pulsed laser deposition. Specific in-plane orientations of the epitaxial SBT films were found, which are in turn determined by specific in-plane orientations of the epitaxial SRO bottom electrodes. These include a diagonal rectangle-on-cube epitaxy of SRO(110) on YSZ(100) and a triangle-on-triangle epitaxy of SRO(111) on MgO(111).


A N eminent epigraphist has commended the so-called Hesperia ten-year index as "invaluable for the student of Attic epigraphy and history."' It is because of the weight that such a pronouncement carries in the scholarly world that I feel impelled to comment on one section of the work under discussion. In so far as the judgment applies to the epigraphical index of the names of men and women, it is so misleading that the present writer, after working with the index for several years, has arrived at the conclusion that the statement is quite incorrect. The editor of the index has corrupted the indexed material and the evidence of the stones themselves by alterations so drastic and so irresponsible that simple correction is not enough; the work, with the exception of a limited part, must be done anew. This is a strong statement, and it must be proved. Space will not permit an analysis of many of the examples; but the few chosen represent a faithful cross-section. My examples are selected from the entries in the index. Two of them, however, appeared first in a supplementary article on Attic prosopography published by the index editor in Hesperia 11 (1942) 304313, the conclusions of which were reproduced in the index.2


The functions of SCP in reducing weight and fat were studied.The results showed that the SCP could obviously reduce all the adiposity mice's weight,fat index number,TC,TG,LDL and GLU,yet improve their HDL in blood serum,so the SCP possessed great functions in reducing weight and fat.


With the power of air pollutants emission standards, the implementation of the new standard, in the coal-fired power plant flue gas dust emission standards have been increased to 30mg/Nm3the following, this paper mainly discusses the three periods of Pingwei power plant 2x1000MW unit at the design stage with respect to the manner of dust cleaning contrast argumentation, and ultimately choose electricity composite filter bag, electricity composite filter bag combines the advantages of electrostatic dust removal and bag dust removal, in can meet the new requirement of emission standard and can adapt to different working conditions, shows the development trend of dust removal technology.


We hypothesized that the hypertension developed during chronic infusion of ANGII results from elevated sympathetic tone and reduced baroreflex sensitivity. Arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded via radio telemetry in WKY rats (10‐11 weeks old) chronically infused with ANGII (50, 200 & 800 ng·kg−1·min−1 s.c. for 10 days). Mean AP increased rapidly in the 800 ng group (91 to 151 mmHg by day 8, p<0.05, n=12; peak response), more gradually in the 200 ng group (88 to 117 mmHg by day 10, p<0.001, n=12) and slowly in the 50 ng group (98 to 104 mmHg by day 10, p<0.05, n=12). HR declined initially, apparently due to the baroreflex, in all 3 groups with magnitude and time scale being dose‐dependent. Increases in the very low frequency spectra of AP in both 200 and 800 ng·kg−1·min−1 groups occurred by day 8 suggesting increased sympathetic tone. The spontaneous baroreflex gain (sBRG) showed time and dose dependent changes: the 800 ng group showed an increase peaking on day 2 before declining by day 8 whereas the 200 ng group showed a delayed and blunted elevation in sBRG peaking on day 7 before declining. Thus, peripheral ANGII alters cardiovascular autonomic function which is delayed relative to the onset of hypertension. We propose that ANGII infusion in normotensive rats is a good model for understanding mechanisms of autonomic dysfunction underpinning the development of hypertension. Supported by BBSRC, Pfizer & BHF.


almost pathological inability to co-operate raised the suggestion that mental subnormality might be a further feature of the syndrome. (2) The two associated tumours in the ileum make the case unique from the pathological viewpoint. The carcinoid tumour is the only example in the St Mark's collection, and we have found only one other report in the literature (Hayes et al. 1959); it is probably a chance association reflecting the diverse potential of the syndrome for tumour formation. The presence of an adenoma in the ileum, however, raises the fundamental question of whether the polyposis in this syndrome is purely colonic. McKusick (1962) maintained that the adenomata in Gardner's syndrome are more widely spread than in adenomatosis coli and that they are present in both small and large intestines. Most reports of tumours overflowing into the ileum are not backed by histological proof and are almost certainly describing hyperplastic lymphoid follicles. There is no other case of an ileal adenoma in this syndrome at St Mark's and we have found no other cases in the literature backed by definite evidence. It seems preferable at present to regard the adenomatosis of Gardner's syndrome as purely colonic, and this case as the exception which proves the rule.


In this first part, the morphology of the body of Thonius braueri (Thon) (Holothyrida) is studied. Tegument, hairs, pores, lyrifissures, muscle inserr tians, dorsal and ventral shields are analysed in detail. Special attention is focused on the respiratory system and ·the Thon s organ.


In this paper, an industrial linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) production process including two serried fluidized bed reactors (FBR) and other process equipment was completely simulated in steady state mode. Both of FBRs were considered like two serried continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR). In this simulation, a kinetic model that is based on a multiple active site heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst was used for simulation of reactions in two FBRs. Simulator by using this model is able to predict the important attributes of LLDPE like melt flow index (MFI), density (ρ), polydispersity (PDI), numerical and weight average molecular weight (Mn, Mw) and co-polymer molar fraction (SFRAC). On the other hand, this simulator can be applied in wide range of changing in inlet operating conditions. The results of the simulation are compared with industrial data of LLDPE plant. A good agreement is observed between the simulator predictions and actual plant data. Finally, by using of the simulator, the steady state operating conditions for producing different grades of polyethylene are obtained.


Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 The Classical Bifurcation of Politics Chapter 3 Augustine and Christendom Chapter 4 Machiavelli and the Emergence of Modern Politics Chapter 5 Hobbes, Self-Preservation, and the State Chapter 6 Locke, Natural Law, and the State Chapter 7 Rousseau, Self-Determination, and the Nation-State Chapter 8 Conclusions 9 10 11 12 13


We review the basic arguments for the likelihood of non-Gaussian density perturbations in inflation models with primordial black hole (PBH) production. We discuss our derived distributions of field fluctuations and their implications, specifically commenting on the fine-tuning problem. We also discuss how the derived distributions may be affected when linked to metric perturbations. While linking the metric perturbations to field fluctuations in a nonlinear way may be important for determining exact probability distributions, the correct mapping is not self-evident. The calculation of P. Ivanov, which yields skew positive distribution, is based on an ansatz for the behavior of the nonlinear metric perturbation. We note that the ``natural'' generalization of the gauge-invariant formalism favored by Bond and Salopek yields an effective linear link between the distribution of field fluctuations and metric perturbations during inflation.


Abstract. Object recognition and delineation is an important task in many environments, such as in crime scenes and operating rooms. Marking evidence or surgical tools and attracting the attention of the surrounding staff to the marked objects can affect people's lives. We present an optical system comprising a camera, computer, and small laser projector that can detect and delineate objects in the environment. To prove the optical system's concept, we show that it can operate in a hypothetical crime scene in which a pistol is present and automatically recognize and segment it by various computer-vision algorithms. Based on such segmentation, the laser projector illuminates the actual boundaries of the pistol and thus allows the persons in the scene to comfortably locate and measure the pistol without holding any intermediator device, such as an augmented reality handheld device, glasses, or screens. Using additional optical devices, such as diffraction grating and a cylinder lens, the pistol size can be estimated. The exact location of the pistol in space remains static, even after its removal. Our optical system can be fixed or dynamically moved, making it suitable for various applications that require marking of objects in space.


A theoretical analysis of the dynamic behavior of mechanical systems characterized by coupled e-lements subjected to friction force from the sliding surface is proposed. With reference to systems with one degree of freedom, and approximating the friction force as a piecewise linear function, i.e. straight line segments with a suitable slope, the positioning errors in the stop phase are studied. Dimensionless analytical relations used to predict the size of positioning errors and dimensionless diagrams are provided. Furthermore the influence of the dry friction on the dynamics of a system with two degrees of freedom is proposed. The model system consists of a body of mass m1, constrained by means of a spring and a damper to a driving support, moving relatively to its counterpart of mass m2. In the conditions stability of the position of equilibrium vibrations due the static friction and the support's velocity have been pointed out.


My objective in this paper is to provide a psychological perspective on the challenges to rational decision making in the face of terrorism and other risk crises. I shall begin with an introduction to the psychology of risk, high-lighting the role of affect and its contribution to what may be called "risk as feelings." I shall then address the need to educate and inform citizens about risks from terrorism and some of the particular challenges this entails. The importance of this topic for democratic societies can hardly be overestimated. Australian sociologist Michael Humphrey writes that, in the West, the state's preoccupation with risk from terrorism neglects the complex nature of crises associated with poverty, disease, hunger, and global warming, increasing the vulnerability of the poorest and weakest members of society.' One problem with this risk preoccupation, argues Humphrey, is that it lacks vision. 2 It focuses upon endings, disasters, things that may go wrong-not new beginnings. Imagined social futures and solutions are overshadowed by imagined apocalypses. Perhaps by understanding the psychology of risk, we can achieve more balanced and effective policies for dealing with risk crises.


Our dependence on fossil fuels has severe consequences for both the environment and national economies worldwide. Considerable effort is being made in Europe and elsewhere to develop cheaper and cleaner energy sources. Biodiesel is one of the main alternatives, being renewable and environment-friendly, and with a wide acceptance in the European transport sector. However, its production is still mostly based on vegetable oils, leading to competition with the food industry and as a consequence to price increases of raw materials. Alternative feedstocks are required to ensure the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. Oils produced by microorganisms are currently the most promising feedstock for sustainable biodiesel production. Yeast is attracting considerable attention, but the low productivity of these microorganisms on low or negative value substrates, such as lignocellulose-enriched residues, still hinders the industrial application of microbial oils. The development of robust yeast strains with increased oil yield and resistance to the different inhibitors present in the substrates is therefore one of the most important steps to improve the feasibility of microbial biodiesel [1]. Bioprospecting of wild environments frequently yields microorganisms with high resistance to a wide range of environmental stresses. Spontaneous fermentations of spirits are often associated with yeast strains adapted to high temperatures and capable of using multiple substrates [2]. In a previous study, yeast strains isolated from spontaneous cachaca fermentation vessels in Brazil exhibited lipid accumulation in the presence of biodiesel-derived glycerol (unpublished results). In this project, wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from the same environment were screened for their potential to produce biodiesel from lignocellulosic residues. The strains that displayed high resistance to common lignocellulosic inhibitors (viz. acetic acid, furfural and 5-hydromethoxyfurfural), were further assessed for lipid production. The strains' lipid accumulation profiles were evaluated by adding the lipid droplet-specific fluorescent dye BODIPY493/503 to the growth media and measuring growth and fluorescence emission over time using the Biolector. The effects of carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) and temperature on biomass production and lipid accumulation were also assessed, in order to define the optimal lipid accumulation-inducing conditions for each strain. The best performing strains were further characterized using GC-MS and GC-FID, to identify and quantify the main fatty acids present in the lipids. The best performing S. cerevisiae strains show high potential for application in biodiesel production, presenting high lipid accumulation over a wide range of C/N and temperatures.


In this study, it was aimed to show the effect of light intensity on voltage produced by the solar cell. According to the research question: 'How does voltage produced by the solar cell change when the light intensity changes?', an experiment was done by using a light source, standard solar cell, transformator, light meter and voltmeter.
In the experiment, the solar cell is placed under the light source and voltmeter is connected to it. Light meter is placed near the solar cell to measure the light intensity. Light source is connected to the transformator and intensity of the light source is changed by using the transformator. Voltage and intensity of the light values are measured in each intensity. Increase in intensity of light means increase in number of photons. Thus the total energy of the photons increase and more electrons are emitted from the solar cell. After all, potential of the cell increases.
In the result of the experiment, it is found out that there is a logarithmic relation between light intensity and the voltage produced. After an intensity value, increasing rate of voltage decreases due to the characteristic property of the solar cell. Also, it is found out that light intensity is directly proportional to the fifth power of the voltage. As the intensity of light increased, the power in the solar cell will increase due to the increase in voltage.


The Park Range of Colorado receives the majority of its annual precipitation in the form of snow during the winter months. This north/south oriented mountain range is generally aligned orthogonally to the westerly mean flow that accompanies most synoptic mid-latitude cyclones over the western U.S. (see Fig. 1). In the absence of blocked flow, deep lifting of a nearsurface airmass from the west can be transported over the crest of the Park Range. This deep lifting along the slope provides for enhanced condensate production and surface snowfall that would otherwise remain limited. In addition to orographically generated snowfall, the strong cross-barrier pressure gradient and upslope wind tends to produce an orographic cloud with supercooled liquid water (Rauber et al., 1986; Borys et al., 2000). These supercooled cloud events are often observed during the winter months at the Desert Research Institute's Storm Peak Lab (SPL). SPL is a high-altitude research facility located atop Mt. Werner (~3210m MSL) near Steamboat Springs, CO (Borys and Wetzel, 1997). A seeder-feeder mechanism, involving the sedimentation of higher altitude snow crystals through the low-level orographic cloud, produces greater precipitation amounts near mountaintop due to ample riming of cloud droplets in the lowest 2 km (Rauber et al., 1986). This low-level riming process enhances the precipitation efficiency, such that, the amount of rime has been shown to comprise from 20-50% of the final snow mass that reaches the surface (Borys et al., 2003). Enhanced riming will increase the mass of snow crystals as well as the fall speed; this increases the likelihood of higher snow deposits along windward slopes (Hindman, 1986). Slower falling, unrimed snow crystals are more likely to fall on the leeward slopes where subsidence leads to evaporation, a reduction in total surface snowfall, and disappearance of the "feeder" cloud. While topography and riming may result in locally enhanced snowfall, intrusions of high concentrations of pollution aerosols can modify the condensate fields. Additions of sulfate-based cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and giant-CCN (GCCN) can modify the liquid droplet spectra in the supercooled orographic feeder cloud, and ice forming nuclei (IFN) can modify the ice crystal spectra in the overlying seeder cloud. Changes in the size distributions will impact the snow riming efficiency (Hindman, 1994). Borys et al. (2000) found that increased aerosol --------------------------------------------------------------------------Corresponding author address: Stephen M. Saleeby, Colorado State Univ., Atmos. Sci. Dept., Fort Collins, CO 80523; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com concentrations (CCN) suppress formation of larger cloud droplets and reduce riming of cloud droplets by ice hydrometeors. However, little is known of the impact of GCCN or IFN within this type of orographic system. This study examines the relative impacts of CCN, GCCN, and IFN number concentrations on total snowfall and snowfall distributions near the Park Range of Colorado. This is accomplished with use of a mesoscale model to produce high resolution simulations of winter orographic snowfall events.


To increase the accuracy of photovoltaic (PV) power prediction results, a hybrid prediction model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), autoregressive moving average (ARMA) and Elman neural networks is proposed in this paper. To reduce the complexity of the PV power signal, EEMD is first used to decompose the PV power signals. Then the all components are divided into low frequency and high frequency components according to the zero crossing rate. The ARMA and Elman are used to predict the low frequency and the high frequency components, respectively. Finally, the results of the component predictions are superimposed. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher prediction accuracy of PV power.


SHOULD ACADEMICS WHO GET corporate funding for research advise the Environmental Protection Agency on scientific matters that could drive or stall regulations affecting their sponsors? Should academics who hold stocks in companies potentially affected by those rules do so? And what about scientific consultants who make their livings through contracts with industry? How about scientists who work for companies that could face tighter— or laxer— environmental regulation depending on the outcome of a review, if they have great expertise in the issue at hand? These questions are coming to the fore in the wake of a General Accounting Office (GAO) investigation into EPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB)'s conflict-of-interest procedures. SAJB, composed of more than 100 technical experts from the private sector, academe, and non- profit groups, provides scientific and engineering advice to EPA. GAO, the investigative arm of Congress, concluded in a report issued 5 earlier this month that the g EPA staff serving ...


The imitation phenomenon in the new-born and the use of the reciprocal imitation between the mother and the baby in order to create a bond are explored in the psychoanalytic theory of the mirroring, imitation and identification. The author analyses the clinical material extracted from observing new-born babies and from the therapy conducted with two children, presents a syndrome of autism to light and reaches the hypothesis that developmental imitation involves the perception of a balanced position between the real baby and the internal occupant anticipated by the mother. According to the author, it is precisely in this way that the introjective identification and assimilation become possible, with enriching effects on the sense of identity, that oppose imitation which resorts to some sort of mimicry where the adhesive or projective identification is predominant.


Retinal detachment surgery has been based upon three principles: find the retinal break, treat the retinal break, and close the retinal break. These three goals were established by Dr. Jules Gonin, who performed the first genuinely effective retinal detachment surgical procedures and reported outcomes in the Archives of Ophthalmology in 1930.1 The changes that have taken place over the last 20 years have been enormous in spite of preserving Gonin's principles of surgery. In this article we discuss and describe how the changes have occurred. In doing so, we will be able to appreciate that the treatment of retinal detachments has changed but only in terms of methodology.


The six-coordinate, two-electron paramagnetic (intermediate-spin) cobalt(III) complex, trans-[Co(CNCH2Ph)4{OAs(C6H4-Me-p)3}2](BF4)3, is shown to undergo labile ligand-substitution reactions with trialkylphosphine ligands. The white, diamagnetic Co(III) complexes, trans-[Co(CNCH2Ph)4- (PR3)2] (BF4)3, PR3 = P(C3H7-n)3, P(C4H9-n)3, are prepared in moderate yields (40–50%) by apparently instantaneous reaction at room temperature. The relatively low yields are attributed to the solution instability of the starting material. Analogous reaction with the P(C8H17-n)3 ligand failed to yield a crystalline product. The observation of labile ligand-substitution reactions for intermediate-spin six-coordinate Co(III), a type of cation hitherto not previously investigated, is compatible with the accepted ranking of the inert/labile character of the metal cations and is readily explained in terms of a dissociative reaction mechanism involving a probable five-coordinate square-pyramidal activated complex.


Narrow beamwidth satellites such as laser communication or imaging satellites present a unique problem in control and scheduling. The narrow beamwidth limits the sources of information available to the satellite. This is especially true for laser communication satellites who can only point the laser at one user at a time. For the most part, this restricts the use of laser communications satellites to fixed connections or dedicated temporary connections. However, some classes of users can benefit from the speed and security of the lasercom connection. For example, a Globalhawk unmanned aerial vehicle with time sensitive battlefield imaging would be in this class. For this class of users a lasercom bandwidth-on-demand system would allow for high speed, secure, timely data transfer capability. The consequence of this narrow beamwidth is that the switching time for the system can no longer be ignored. In this dissertation, we will formulate the bandwidth-ondemand lasercom problem mathematically and determine several objective functions for improving the performance and quality of service. Next, we will derive equations that describe the limiting behavior of this system from a queueing standpoint. Next, we will also analyze the performance of the proposed objective functions, and look at real time solution methods and their performance. Next, we present a new algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem that is easily applied to the systems such a bandwidth-on-demand lasercom, whose behavior cost cannot be described by a cost matrix that characterizes a standard traveling salesman problem. Finally, we present a system for emulating global coverage with a constellation of narrow beamwidth satellites such as imaging or laser communications satellite.


Objective:To observe clinical therapeutic effect of allergic rhinitis using the inferior turbinate injection combined with oral Chinese herbs.Methods:The standard 60 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each group had 30 patients.Treatment group were treated with YI Qi Tong Qiao Tang combined the inferior turbinate injection of Danshen.According to the severity of disease,the control group oral loratadine tablets or combined with budesonide nasal spray.One course of treatment have 4 weeks.Results:Recently comprehensive efficacy,the markedly effective of the two groups,the total efficacy were no significant difference;Comprehensive long-term efficacy,the recently syndromes efficacy and the long-term syndromes efficacy,the treatment group were better than the control group,the difference was significant(P0.01).Conclusion:Oral Chinese herbs combined the inferior turbinate injection to treat allergic rhinitis have the advantage of recently efficacy and long-term efficacy.


An interesting phenomenon for those of us who find ourselves still churning in the choppy backwash of the Demidenko affair is the concurrent appearance of two books which, presumably, have been nurtured quite independently: Abraham Biderman's Holocaust memoir, The World of My Past (1996), which won the 1996 Banjo prize for non-fiction and even more recently the new 1996 biennial National Biography Award; and Daniel Jonah Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust (1996)2, a book which has won the highest praise from luminaries like Jonathon Miller and Richard Bernstein and yet hardly raises a yawn from at least one of its recent Australian reviewers. One might be excused for wondering exactly what is going on. Biderman's account of his experience of the Holocaust, every bit as important as Primo Levi's celebrated If This is a Man, was self-published before it won the Banjo and subsequently on this account, was taken up by Random. In Perth, at any rate, it might never have been written for all the publicity it has received, let alone its having won several prestigious awards. And Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners, despite its controversy, hardly seems controversial in Australia. On the contrary, a recent reviewer tells us that Goldhagen says nothing new, is making a mountain out of a molehill, and why doesn't the author acknowledge human bastardry in all of its multifarious manifestations instead of singling out the Germans. Goldhagen's method in Hitler's Willing Executioners is to use evidence gained from access to the protocols of post-war interrogations of Germans who had taken an active part in the killing of Jews. It is on the basis of his interpretation of these documents that he bases his central argument that more than just the Nazis were involved in the killings, a view which is understandably provocative. Abraham Biderman's book is an account by the author of his survival of the Lodz ghetto and no less than four subsequent concentration camps including Auschwitz and BergenBelsen. The central subject of my paper concerns the public response to these two books. What I find particularly interesting about the general apathy and nitpicking surrounding these two books (aside, that is, from the generous


Community structure of the associated animals of low intertidal patches of Mytilus edulis L. with different age structure was investigated at Asamushi, northern Japan. Each patch was composed of similar components i.e. live M. edulis, byssal threads, shell fragments, sediments, algae and associated animals. The amounts of sediments, shell fragments and byssal threads were greater in the periphery (MP) and central part (MC) of adult mussel patches than in patches of young (Y) and old (0) mussels. Total organic matter within sediments increased in the following order: 0, MC, MP and Y. Algal growth was luxuriant in Y and this supported abundant amphipods. Species richness was higher in older patches and species diversity (H') and equitabihty (J') were higher in MP and MC than in Y and 0. Sediments, shell fragments and byssal threads seemed to play an important role in increasing heterogeneity of environments and thus species diversity. Similarities in species compositions among MP, MC and 0 were high, but those between Y and other patches extremely low. This fact is probably caused both by the presence of a large number of epiphytic animals in Y and the difference in the composition of creeping fauna among the patches. Based on these results, the processes controlling community organization of Mytilus islands are discussed.


Drone footage captures a Turkish couple enjoying a romantic breakfast on their rooftop in Istanbul during the 48-hour lockdown announced by the government to curb the spread of coronavirus.


Luffa acutangula (Family: Cucurbitaceae) is commonly known as Ridge gourd. It is a widely growing vegetative climber. The fruits are base ball club shaped. Various pharmacological activities include hepatoprotective activity, antidiabetic activity, antioxidant activity, fungistatic property, CNS depressant activity etc. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of ethanol extract of Luffa acutangula (ELA) whole plant by determining its potential toxicity after acute and chronic administration in rats. Study on acute toxicity of extract found to be safe at the doses 2000mg/kg body weight orally as per OECD guidelines No.423. General behavior adverse effects and mortality were determined for up to 14 days. In the chronic toxicity study, the ELA was administered orally at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg once in a week for 6 weeks to rats. Biochemical and hematological parameters were determined after 6 weeks. In the acute study in rats, there was no toxicity/ death was observed at the dose of 2000mg/kg b.w. The onset of toxicity and signs of toxicity also not there. In the chronic toxicity study, no significant treatment-related changes in the levels of haematological, hepatic and renal parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, uric acid, protein and glucose, and serum ALP activities were observed at the termination of the study. It suggests that the ethanol extract of Luffa acutangula does not appear to have significant toxicity. In view of the dose of Luffa acutangula consumed in traditional medicine, there is a wide margin of safety for the therapeutic use of the ethanol extract of Luffa acutangula whole plant.


Poverty is widespread and ubiquitous in South Asia, which could be reduced significantly with innovative tourism mechanisms, like ecotourism and pilgrimage tourism. Despite huge potentials, the contribution of tourism both in terms of its contribution to GDP and employment in the South Asian countries is much less in comparison to the world average. South Asia is actually getting very small proportion of the tourism cake within Asia. New coordinated efforts are ongoing towards promoting tourism for rural poverty reduction taking advantages of complementarities and synergies among some countries in South Asia. However, more efforts are needed to improve road, rail and air links and infrastructure; simplify visa and administrative procedures; encourage private sector; and coordinate tourism activities with poverty reduction plans and programmes.


First principles calculations have been performed to investigate the structural, thermodynamic and electronic properties of four common intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed at the solder joints of electronic packages, namely, Cu<inf>6</inf>Sn<inf>5</inf>, Cu<inf>3</inf>Sn, Ni<inf>3</inf>Sn<inf>4</inf> and Ag<inf>3</inf>Sn. The theoretical heat of formation of Cu<inf>6</inf>Sn<inf>5</inf> is close to that of Cu<inf>3</inf>Sn, both of them are overestimated relative to the experimental results. In addition, Ni<inf>3</inf>Sn<inf>4</inf> has the lowest heat of formation among these IMCs. The curves of total DOS near the Fermi level for the IMCs are mainly dominated by the Sn-sp hybridization states, M (M=Cu, Ni, Ag)-sp hybridization states and M-d states. The complicated bonding states for Ni<inf>3</inf>Sn<inf>4</inf> may caused by the position of the main peak of Ni-d states.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the time course of positive head-up tilt test (HUTT) for patients with suspected vasovagal syncope.

METHODS
Consecutive patients referred to the syncope unit of our center for recurrent unexplained syncope were included. The HUTT consisted of a 30 minute passive basic phase and a 20 minute sublingual nitroglycerin provocation phase if syncope did not develop during the passive phase.

RESULTS
Positive HUTT was observed in 427 out of 773 consecutive patients (55.2%) patients including 43 patients (10.1%) during the passive basic phase and 384 patients (89.9%) during the nitroglycerin provocation phase. During the basic phase, the positive Hutt developed at 7.5 minute (n = 2) and peaked at 22.5th minute (20.9%, n = 9) and then decreased gradually. Most positive reactions (93.0%, n = 40) occurred between the 10 and 25 minutes during the basic phase. During the nitroglycerin provocation phase, the percentage of positive reactions increased rapidly after sublingual nitroglycerin, peaked at the 10th minute (35.7%, n = 137) and decreased thereafter. Most positive reactions (96.1%, n = 369) occurred within the first 15 minutes of provocation phase.

CONCLUSION
The appropriate duration for HUTT test could be modified to a 25 minutes passive basic phase plus 15 minutes nitroglycerin provocation phase.


Leadership styles have drawn much attention in a cutthroat business world. As a result, the standardization of human resources management goals has gained much popularity. However, if there is a meaningful and established process to be used in leadership activities, an organization may be able to realize its purpose within the specified time. This study aims to determine how several leadership styles – transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, democratic leadership, and transactional leadership – affect employee performance. The data were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire adapted from prior studies; the paper employed purposive and convenience sampling methods to receive information from 260 employees of several telecommunication companies in Bangladesh. For this study purpose, SPSS version 26.0 was used to conduct the necessary statistical analyses, and the construct reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's (a) coefficient value of 0.70 or higher. According to the findings, transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, democratic leadership, and transactional leadership have a favorable relationship with employee performance in telecom organizations. Thus, decision-makers and other practitioners need to learn how to recognize diverse leadership philosophies and their effects on employee performance from an organizational perspective. Finally, the study recommends that leaders transition from highly traditional leadership styles to more participative and positive ones.


Asymmetric addition of alkoxyhydrosilanes to styrene derivatives was examined with chiral bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl-rhodium complex to give moderate ratios (up to 77:23) of α- and (3-adducts and high enantioselectivity (up to95% for the α-adduct).


In this paper, a novel multicarrier modulation scheme called Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Index Modulation has been proposed for operation over frequency-selective and rapidly time-varying wireless fading channels. The filtering helps restricting the Out-of-Band Emission and indexing helps in reducing Transmitter Power. The performance of the proposed modulation scheme is compared with traditional multicarrier and index modulated multicarrier schemes to show that the proposed method is much better in terms of Out-of-Band power leakage. Indexing apparently reduces transmit data rate of the system. This paper also shows how to circumvent this apparent reduction in spectral efficiency without degrading other system parameters.


Probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) has broad application in open-set verification tasks, such as speaker verification. A key concern for PLDA is that the model is too simple (linear Gaussian) to deal with complicated data; however, the simplicity by itself is a major advantage of PLDA, as it leads to desirable generalization. An interesting research therefore is how to improve modeling capacity of PLDA while re-taining the simplicity. This paper presents a decoupling approach, which involves a global model that is simple and generalizable, and a local model that is complex and expressive. While the global model holds a bird view on the entire data, the local model represents the details of individual classes. We conduct a preliminary study towards this direction and investigate a simple decoupling model including both the global and local models. The new model, which we call decoupled PLDA, is tested on a speaker verification task. Experimental results show that it consistently outperforms the vanilla PLDA when the model is based on raw speaker vectors. However, when the speaker vectors are processed by length normalization, the advantage of decoupled PLDA will be largely lost, suggesting future research on non-linear local models.


PART I. UNDERSTANDING THE PERSON IN CONTEXT. 1.Recovery Perspectives. 2.Environmental and Cultural Considerations. 3. Mental Health Research in Occupational Therapy. PART II THEORETICAL CONCEPTS. 4. The History and Philosophy of Psychosocial Occupational Therapy. 5. Psychological Theories and Their Treatment Methods in Mental Health Practice. PART III DIAGNOSIS AND DYSFUNCTION. 6. Psychopathology & The Diagnostic Process. 7. Schizophrenia. 8. Mood Disorders. 9. Anxiety Disorders. 10. Personality Disorders. PART IV MENTAL HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFESPAN. 11. Mental Health of Infants: Attachment through the Lifespan. 12. Mental Health of Children. 13. Mental Health of Adolescents. 14. Mental Health of the Older Adult. PART V MENTAL HEALTH WITH PHYSICAL DISORDERS. 15. Psychosocial Issues in Physical Disability. 16. The Cognitive, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Sequelae of Brain Injury. 17. Managing Pain in Occupational Therapy: Integrating the Model of Human. Occupation and the Intentional Relationship Model. PART VI OCCUPATONAL THERAPY INTERVENTION. 18. Assessment, Evaluation and Outcome Measurement. 19. The Use of Psychosocial Methods and Interpersonal Strategies in Mental Health. 20. Groups. PART VII SPECIALIZED ROLES FOR OT IN MENTAL HEALTH. 21. Occupational Therapy in Criminal Justice. 22. Psychosocial Occupational Therapy in the School Setting. 23. Vocational Programming. 24. Substance Abuse and Occupational Therapy. 25. Occupational Therapy in the Military: Working with Service Members in Combat and at Home. 26. Supervision in the Mental Health Setting. GLOSSARY. INDEX


With a main singlechip as its core,the aptitude parallel communication of multi-CPU and multi-channel synchronal data sampling system which can communicate parallelly with several sub-singlechips and computer.It makes synchronal sampling and real time communication of multi-channel data.The speed of data transmission is fast and effcient.A photoelectronic isolation chip to make this system reliable and free from ambient disturbance.


Formulation of biological profile is one of the important roles of forensic anthropologist. The choice of methods for hand
measurement in height estimation studies among researchers are rather static. There are a few methods that have been used by
researchers for handprints collection. It ranges from the conventional method of using ink or paint to the use of electronic
scanner. It is somehow debatable on which technique provides the most accurate results and depicts the real situation at a
crime scene. This preliminary study was conducted to find out the most suitable method of handprint collection and to determine
the most suitable time for height measurement. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) for its general descriptive statistics and their significant differences of mean comparison, in order to determine the
most suitable method and time of collection. The result indicated that the most suitable time of collection is between afternoon
and evening while for method of collection, it was concluded that any method employed must be consistent throughout the
study.


Purpose of reviewChurg–Strauss syndrome is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis typically characterized by asthma, lung infiltrates, extravascular necrotizing granulomas and hypereosinophilia. The most recent clinical studies on its pathogenesis and therapeutic management are reviewed here. Recent findingsFrench and Italian clinical studies found that the clinical characteristics of patients with Churg–Strauss syndrome differed according to their antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody status: cardiomyopathy predominated in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-negative patients while necrotizing glomerulonephritis was more often observed in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-positive patients. These histologically documented findings suggest the existence of different Churg–Strauss syndrome subtypes, characterized by the predominance of distinct pathogenetic mechanisms. To date, following the therapeutic recommendations for Churg–Strauss syndrome (i.e. corticosteroids and, when required, immunosuppressants), patient outcomes are good, with 5-year survival exceeding 90%, but often with the need to continue low-dose corticosteroids to control residual asthma. SummaryThe precise pathogenetic mechanisms of Churg–Strauss syndrome are only partly elucidated. Recent results suggest that antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies are probably more involved in the vasculitic manifestations of Churg–Strauss syndrome (e.g. glomerulonephritis) whereas eosinophil tissue infiltration and associated cytotoxicity would be responsible for cardiomyopathy. If confirmed, these results could support individual therapeutic stratification according to the clinical pattern. Furthermore, some patients may benefit from new biologic therapies under development, for example antiinterleukin-5 or antiimmunoglobulin E monoclonal antibodies.


AIDS Information Sourcebook. Edited by H. ROBERT MALINOWSKY and GERALD J. PERRY. 2d ed. Phoenix: Oryx Press, 1989. Pp. viii + 215. $29.50. ISBN 0-89774544-2. American Art Directory, 1989-90. 52d ed. New York: R. R. Bowker, 1989. Pp. vii+765. $129.95. ISBN 0-8352-2476-7. Australian Children's Books to 1980: A Select Bibliography of the Collection Held in the National Library of Australia. Compiled by TERENCE O'NEILL and FRANCES O'NEILL. Canberra: National Library of Australia, 1989. Pp. xviii + 260. A$22.95 (paper). ISBN 0-642-10464-6.


Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves of NVE36 steel were measured by thermal dilatometer.The microstructures at room temperature were observed by optical microscope and the hardness was tested with a Vickers hardness tester.Data processing was carried out at the platform of Matlab software,and the relationship model of phase transformation temperature and cooling rate and the kinetic regression model were established.After regressive calculations the optimal coefficients of the models for this steel were obtained.Finally,the measured and calculated kinetic behaviors during continuous cooling of NVE36 steel were compared.It is shown that the calculated result is in reasonable agreement with the experimental data,proving the rationality of the models established and the feasibility of data processing methods.


The most dangerous disorders include melanoma. Yet, a precise diagnosis of skin cancer is difficult. Recent research has shown that a variety of activities can be performed better using deep learning and machine learning techniques. For skin conditions, these algorithms are highly useful. In this article, we examine various deep learning and machine learning techniques and how they could be applied to the detection of melanoma. This paper provides a number of publicly downloadable datasets, information on common melanoma, instructions for getting dermatology pictures, and more. Once machine learning and deep learning concepts have been introduced, our attention shifts to analysing common machine learning and deep learning architectures as well as popular frameworks for putting machine and deep learning algorithms into practice. Metrics for performance evaluation are then offered. In this section, we will cover the research on machine learning and deep learning and how they can be applied to the detection of melanoma skin illnesses. We also go over potential research avenues and the difficulties in the field. The main objective of this work is to discuss modern machine learning and deep learning techniques for melanoma diagnosis.


Polyvinyl alcohol∕ZnO (PVA∕ZnO) hybrid nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning technique. The structural and spectral information of the nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, resonant Raman, and photoluminescence (PL). The results indicate that ZnO were successfully embedded in the one-dimensional hybrid fibers via chemical interactions between ZnO and PVA. PL results show the PVA∕ZnO nanofibers have an intense white-light emission, which originates from the simultaneous emission of three bands covering from the UV to visible range. A possible PL mechanism was proposed accordingly.Polyvinyl alcohol∕ZnO (PVA∕ZnO) hybrid nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning technique. The structural and spectral information of the nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, resonant Raman, and photoluminescence (PL). The results indicate that ZnO were successfully embedded in the one-dimensional hybrid fibers via chemical interactions between ZnO and PVA. PL results show the PVA∕ZnO nanofibers have an intense white-light emission, which originates from the simultaneous emission of three bands covering from the UV to visible range. A possible PL mechanism was proposed accordingly.


This review highlights the importance of CXC chemokine ligands and receptors in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with regard to tumor-associated angiogenesis, "immunoangiostasis," and metastasis to specific organs. Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that, in the context of cancer, appear to be important in either promoting tumor growth, tumor-associated angiogenesis, and metastasis or in inhibiting tumor growth through attenuation of tumor-associated angiogenesis. In addition, chemokines have been shown to promote tumor-targeted immunity and are also important in directing metastases to specific organs. Targeting chemokines may therefore ultimately be important as a clinical strategy in NSCLC.


Food neophilia is a trait, characterized by the willingness to consume novel foods and it is associated with the human omnivore condition, since humans are able to eat every source of food. On the other hand, food neophobia is a reluctance to eat or try novel or unfamiliar foods. It is considered a human evolutionary mechanism of avoidance potential toxic food with unpleasant taste, especially bitterness, or exotic flavors. In an evolutionary sense, food neophobia protected people from ingesting potentially dangerous substances in a situation described as "the omnivore ́s dilemma".


A pediculicidal process to combat the growth of the louse Pediculus humanus, in which the louse is brought into contact with a composition comprising at least 60% by weight of alkali metal bicarbonate. A parasiticidal process, in which a parasite is brought into contact with a composition in gel form comprising from 40 to 50% by weight of alkali metal bicarbonate particles, from 15 to 25% by weight of silica, and from 35 to 45% of water. In particular, a process for eliminating the louse Pediculus humanus from human hair, in which the head hair is brought into contact for at least 1 hour with the composition in gel form, the operation of bringing into contact for at least 1 hour subsequently being repeated at the earliest two days later.


Purpose - This study aims to examine the moderating effects of perceived supervisor support (work environment variable) and internal Design/methodology/approach - Questionnaire surveys were administered. Data were collected from correctional officers in Taiwan. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings - Results show that work-family conflict has a negative effect on job satisfaction. Perceived supervisor support and internal Practical implications - This study suggests that a supportive leadership style, and a mentoring and training program, among others, may help reduce work-family conflict and increase the job satisfaction of Taiwanese correctional officers. Originality/value - This study contributes to the extant work-family conflict and correctional literature. The moderating effects of perceived supervisor support and internal


The work focuses on the trascript of the final version of a story that had not been published. Besides
stops in observing and stylistic changes to the autor he submits to text before final publication.


Beyond the original philosophical reasoning by Immanuel Kant (1778), autonomy has a foundation in experimental psychology and computer science (Sheridan and Verplanck, 1978). Technological research has expanded rapidly as computer technology advanced and became more readily available. As a result, there are several ways to define autonomy across various domains such as the automotive industry and robotics today. This paper adapts the available body of knowledge to develop an analytical airworthiness framework for classifying autonomous functions for use in Army Aviation systems. The framework described comprises four stages, and starts with a clear analysis and allocation of the task(s) to be performed, thereby allowing classification of the type of automation involved. The level of automation can then be evaluated, leading to determination of a means by which the consequences of failure can be identified and used as part of a safety case that forms the basis for airworthiness determinations.


In response to water deficit stress, plants show quantitative and qualitative differences in gene expression. By using differential display and RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques an alpha crystalline-type small heat shock protein gene (GHSP26) was isolated and characterized from Gossypium arboreum L. Alignments of 1108 bp genomic and 1026 bp cDNA sequences revealed that the GHSP26 gene comprises a single open reading frame of 230 amino acids and it contains a single intron. The gene product contains the highly conserved alpha crystalline region, spanning amino acid residues 133 to 217 and a Met-rich region from 94 to 117aa at the N terminus. Predicted amino acid sequence shares 65%, 63%, 59%, 58%, 56%, 55%, 53%, and 22% identities with Petunia hybrida, Nicotiana tabacum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, Agrostis stolonifera, Triticum aestivum, Oryza sative, and Nitrosococcus oceani, respectively. Expression profile of the gene was studied from leaf, stem, and root tissues, through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis. The results indicated that the gene was expressed in all tissues tested in both fully hydrated and dehydrated plants. However, the gene was 100-fold more abundant in dehydrated leaves, while only two-fold abundant in stressed root and stem as compared to control tissues.


The enantioselective esterification of racemic 1-trimethylsilylethanol with acids catalyzed by lipase in organic solvent was successfully performed. The influence of some factors on the reaction was investigated. Among the four lipases explored, Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) showed the highest activity and enantioselectivity. Octanoic acid was the best acyl donor among the eleven acids studied and n-hexane was the most suitable medium for the reaction. The optimum shaking rate and temperature were found to be 150r·min-1 and 20℃ to 30℃, respectively. The enantiomeric excess of the remaining (5)-(-)-1-trimethylsilylethanol was 93% when substrate conversion was 53% upon incubation of the reaction mixture at 30℃, 150r·min-1 for 12 h.


The approximate scaling factors used by Weston may account for the difference between his reported TNT shock‐wave energy‐spectrum level and that recently measured at 100 yd by Stockhausen. A similar deviation from the measured spectrum at 1 yd occurs when Stockhausen's data are scaled to the shorter range after the manner of Weston. Measured spectra at 1 and 100 yd are in excellent agreement when compared on the basis of Arons' peak‐pressure and time‐constant functions.


Publishers' details for: MacGregor Imagining Australia: Ideas for Our Future; Duncan Andrew Leigh David Madden and Peter Tynan, Crows Nest, Allen and Unwin, 2004, pp 324, pb $24. 95, ISBN 1741143829.


Recei Ved April 18, 2007 ReVised Manuscript Recei Ved June 12, 2007 Introduction. Boron-containing polymers were historically commercialized primarily for their chemical and thermomechanical resistance (e.g., Olin's DEXSIL and Union Carbide's UCARSIL).1,2 In addition, boron-containing polymers have been used to immobilize catalysts, as sensor materials, separation media, and optical materials. 3 For instance, because of their remarkable stability, the icosohedral carboranes have been chiefly viewed as ideal candidates for the chemical/thermal strengthening of polymers. 1,2,4However, recently, there has been a growing interest in incorporating these boron clusters into tailored macromolecular structures by means of living or quasiliving polymerizations. 5-7 This recrudescence stems from the rising awareness that carborane-based macromolecules can span a gamut of applications, for example, nonlinear optical materials, 8-13 precursors for ceramics, 14-17 boron neutron capture therapy of cancer (BNCT), 18,19 etc. Ober has developed boron-containing polymeric masks for extreme UV lithography beginning with poly(styreneb-1,2butadiene) diblock copolymers followed by a post-polymerization functionalization approach employing the pendant olefins and a hydroboration/hydroxylation method to attach pendant carborane cages. 20 Adronov was the first to report the direct incorporation of carborane moieties in well-defined macromolecules (PDI< 1.2) by controlled radical polymerization and by sequential dendrimer synthesis. 6,21,22 In their controlled radical experiment, they have demonstrated the possibility of incorporating carboranes in polymers of narrow polydispersity. However, loss of control upon attempted formation of the second block hampered the formation of well-defined amphiphilic structures. 6,21 Seminal works by Sneddon and co-workers on precursors for boron-containing ceramics have highlighted the use of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to obtain high boron content polymers that can undergo pyrolysis to form a boron carbide/carbon network. 5,23-26 Building upon this work, Malenfant et al. have recently shown how ROMP can be used for the synthesis of boron-containing diblock copolymers and their subsequent transformation into nano-ordered ceramics. 7


Based on the high prevalence of anemia of more than 24% population affected, the natural potential of Indonesia such as Sponge and Moringa leaves to be a salt product high in iron, and interconnection between this theoretical science and Islamic studies related to the utilization of natural materials, we want to explore how potential be a product that can be one of the efforts to alleviate anemia. Initial data collection to explore sponge types and types of plants rich in iron was done using data search portal NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information, USA) in the last five years starting from 2016/03/30 to 2021/03/28. Samples were formulated based on the comparison of seawater, sponge (Spongia sp), and moringa leaves in a composition as follows: Sample A (1:1:0.05),  sample B (1:1:0.25), sample C (1:1:0.5) and control that did not use the addition of Moringa leaves (1:1). The analysis included testing antioxidant activity using DPPH, moisture content, NaCl, impurities sulfate, magnesium, calcium, and iron levels which were all done in three repetitions of each sample or triplicates and using analytical methods from the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC).Sponge sp is a type of sea sponge that is easy to find in the Indonesian country and can be combined with moringa leaves whose availability is also abundant in Indonesia, as a potential salt high in iron. This study obtained salt granules as much as 0.92 ± 0.22 kg. There was no difference in the results of salt granules from each sample, and there was no difference in the level of fineness of salt granules, namely 20-35 mesh or equivalent to crude salt. However, there were differences in the level of chemical it contains. Samples B, C, and control correspond to SNI 3556:2016 based on percentage of  moisture content, Fe, calcium impurities, sulfate impurities, and magnesium impurities in all three samples. However, it is known that sample C is the one that has the highest iron levels compared to B and control samples, which means that sample C is the best sample and has antioxidant activity that is in line with the purpose of this study, which is an effort to alleviate iron deficiency anemia. This salt is also a salt that is Halal Tayyiban, which means not only halal but also good and healthy if consumed.


THE question of whether the Institute should or should not accept for formal presentation and publication technical papers prepared by and bearing the signature of nonmembers of the Institute has been seriously considered by the Institute's technical program and other committees, as well as by its board of directors. Inasmuch as the Institute's policy with regard to nonmember authors has been tightened materially during the past year, and inasmuch as this policy is scheduled for rigorous enforcement toward the general exclusion of papers by non-member authors, a brief review and explanation of the whole situation is presented herewith in order that this important matter may be generally and clearly understood throughout the membership of the Institute.


The electrical conductivity of shock-ionized argon produced in an electromagnetic shock tube of low attenuation has been measured at shock speeds of March 10–33, with initial pressures of 0·01–2·0 mm Hg. These measurements extend considerably the range of previous measurements performed with pressure-driven shock tubes. With the higher initial pressures or at the highest Mach numbers the measured conductivity is in good agreement with the previous measurements and with the Spitzer–Harm (1953) formula for the conductivity of a fully ionized gas. With the lower initial pressures (which have not previously been investigated) and at the lower March numbers the conductivity falls to less than half of the Spitzer-Harm value. Order-of-magnitude calculations show that diffusion of atoms, and heat conduction by the plasma atoms from the plasma to the shock-tube walls, can cause appreciable plasma cooling (and hence a reduction of the electrical conductivity) with the lowest initial pressures. This mechanism in conjunction with non-attainment of equilibrium ionization appears to explain the observed diminution in conductivity at the lowest pressures, but not the reduced conductivity at the medium pressures. Induced e.m.f. flow-velocity measurements indicate steady-flow conditions in the shock tube while photomultiplier measurements of the plasma radiation indicate that the column of shock-heated gas is 10–20 cm long; this latter figure is supported by the conductivity measurements. The fact that the length of the shock-heated gas column is not drastically shortened at low initial pressures in constrast to the work of Duff (1959), Roshko (1960) and Hooker (1961) is attributed to the fact that in this experiment both driver and driven gases are at high temperature.


The purpose of this research was to investigate university faculty and administrators attitudes toward students with disabilities. The independent variables were gender, academic discipline, rank, position, knowledge of Section 504, education degree, and years at present institution. Scores from the Attitude Toward Treatment of Disabled Students scale and from the Attitude Toward Disabled Persons scale were utilized as the dependent variables. The sample consisted of 80 university faculty, 16 administrators, and 22 student personal administrators. Seven composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of significance employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 31 comparisons were made plus 18 recurring comparisons. Of the 31 comparisons 10 were for main effects and 21 were for interactions. Of the 10 main effects 2 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study indicated the following for main effects: 1. fema1e faculty members reported a more positive attitude toward students with disabilities than did males, and 2. faculty and administrators who reported knowledge of Section 504 had a statistically more positive attitude toward students with disabilities than those who did not report knowledge of Section 504. Of the 21 interactions 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant interaction was for the independent variables academic discipline and academic rank for the dependent variable Attitude Toward Treatment of Disabled Students scale scores. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. female faculty members have a more positive attitude toward students with disabilities than male faculty members, 2. faculty and administrators with a knowledge of Section 504 have a marc positive attitude toward students with disabilities than those who do not have a knowledge of Section 504, 3. the independent variables academic discipline and academic rank of faculty members should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Attitude Toward Disabled Persons scale scores, and 4. faculty members and administrators have a positive attitude toward students with disabilities.


Sports engineering is a new discipline and an applied subject of engineering science and sport science.In this paper,the studies on sports engineering applications in sports medicine in the last decade were summarized,especially on the research methods and general research situation by statistical classification.Countermeasures and suggestions were provided for the applications.


The optimum process design system for sheet fabrication was developed by combining finite element analysis and discretized optimization algorithms. Generally, material development for sheet fabrication have been carried out for better formability index such as n-value and r-value, etc. However, various factors have influence upon the forming performance and the formability. It can't be said that higher n-value and r-value are not always better for any forming condition. The aim of this system is to assist the decision of material process condition for waking the sheet metal, which has better formability in stamping. In the study, annealing temperature and time are chosen as the process parameters. Formability is evaluated by thickness uniformity of stamped part. The response surface method was applied in order to improve the search efficiency of optimization algorithm. It is demonstrated that the proposed optimum process design system is a useful tool for the design of material process and sheet metal fabrication.


The invention relates to a method for receiving samples on a sample analysis device (G) comprising a feeder (K) for samples with interchangeable, at least the tubular inlet side, the sample receiving liners (21) can be fitted, DOLLAR A wherein the liner (21) is placed on the gas inlet side in each case one transport head (22) which holds the liner (21) via an hereby friction seal (24), are arranged plugged at predetermined spaces in a magazine (M1) and / or in the sample container (P), DOLLAR a changing means (S) is used which is equipped with a gripper for the transport heads (22) of the liner (21), and DOLLAR a the changing device (S) according to a predetermined program the respective liner (21) at a predetermined place at its transportation head (22) and engages in the feeder (K) sealingly uses, made the sample application, and then the liner (21) from the Wechselein direction (S) by gripping at its transport head (22) from the feeder (K) is removed and a liner DOLLAR A handling system for this purpose.


The characteristics of fire damage to Xinqidaoliang tunnel in China were investigated. The study revealed that the fire caused 856 m3 of concrete peel-off, damage to 650 m of pavement and a 4% increase in cross-sectional area. According to the relevant regulations, the fire-affected zones were classified as grade IV (serious damage), grade III (moderate damage) and grade II (mild damage). In order to better understand damage characteristics and the safety of tunnel structures when subjected to fire, a numerical simulation was conducted to assess the safety of the tunnel under varying stress fields. The simulation results indicate that the crushing pressure on the inner and outer contour line of the lining significantly increased with an increase in damage level at all stress fields. Where the thickness of the tunnel vault was less than 34 cm or the loss exceeded 16 cm, the rate of increase of lining pressure was greatly amplified, inducing a significant stress build-up in the lining structure and hence se...


The report and understanding of interactions among genes, proteins and metabolites is of crucial importance in the classification of mechanisms involved in chemical/drug-induced toxicity. Consequently, the application of the "omics" technologies (genomics, proteomics and metabonomics), and mainly metabonomics, is imperative in toxicological studies. Metabonomics has been widely used in established models of target organ toxicity in order to monitor the effect of the toxic agents and possibly identify novel biomarkers of toxicity. In the present review, the applications of metabonomics in toxicological studies have been reported. Although limitations from the use of this technology in toxicology still exist, its combination with genomics and proteomics could provide valuable information for the underlying mechanisms of target organ toxicity.

Keywords:

brain;
heart;
kidney;
liver;
metabolomics;
toxicity


Objective To investigate the expression of type-Ⅳ collagen and its relationship with degeneration of intervertebral disc. Methods The expressions of type-Ⅳ collagen in frozen sections of the discs collected from an operation for degenerative lesion and different age-group subjects were analyzed by using LAB immunohistochemical technology. Results Collagen type Ⅳ presented only in the discs of adolescents, which surrounded mainly the chondrocyte-like cells of the nucleus pulposus. The proportion of positively stained cells increased significantly with age. No positive reaction signals were found in age other groups. (Conclusion Type)-Ⅳ collagen occurs in the disc of adolescents is an early cellular reaction to harmful stimulation, which can be served as a biomarker of early degeneration of human lumbar intervertebral discs.


Introduction: The authors the short-term and mid-term results of patients with their preoperative status who were surgically treated for advanced Grade III and early Grade IV symptomatic hallux rigidus using the Futura Hemi-Great Toe Implant. Materials and Methods: The authors were able to contact 23 of 33 consecutive patients. They had a detailed evaluation preoperatively and came in for a detailed mid-term evaluation. Some of the patients were able to come in routinely for detailed periodic evaluations. Results: Periodic evaluations showed most patients had a gradual improvement of function over the first 2 years. Patients with early Grade IV disease had a greater propensity to develop early recurrence of their dorsal osteophyte at or before their mid-term followup (average 6 years). In this group of patients, the Futura Hemi-Great Toe Implants lead to 88% good to excellent mid-term results and 88% patient satisfaction over a 6-year average followup. Conclusion: Patients with early Grade IV hallux rigidus tend to develop progressive sesamoid arthritis and recurrent dorsal osteophyte formation more rapidly than advanced Grade III patients. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series


Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVGs) are high performance devices used to measure rotation rates with very high accuracy. The vibratory element, called the resonator, is designed to possess a pair of orthogonal degenerate modes with very high Quality factors (Q-factors). The frequencies associated with these modes are required to be far separated from those of other modes. In this work, the thickness of a CVG with a disc resonator is optimized to fulfill these requirements. Modal analysis is performed to locate regimes of thicknesses so as to avoid cross coupling of modes. Further thermo elastic damping (TED) and anchor losses are estimated to predict the Q-fator of the modes of interest. The basic configuration is arrived considering sufficient separation of the functional mode from other modes. The TED based Q-factor is improved by an order through proper selection of beam thickness. The TED is found highly sensitive to thin conductive film coatings. Sensitivity of anchor loss to the geometry is also studied using the perfectly matched layer concept in Comsol.


The Ecological Society of America, founded in 1915, is the world's largest community of professional ecologists and a trusted source of ecological knowledge, committed to advancing the understanding of life on Earth. The 9,000-member Society publishes five journals and a membership bulletin and broadly shares ecological information through policy, media outreach, and education initiatives. The Society's Annual Meeting attracts 4,000 attendees and features the most recent advances in ecological science.


The survival of viruses has been measured in bench scale stabilization units. A strain of coxsackievirus B3 was seeded in sludge and recoveries were measured at intervals from 1 h to 70 days. Mesophilic anaerobic digesters were operated at 33°C with detention times of 15 and 33 days. Thermophilic digesters were operated at 50, 53 and 56°C with detention times of 4 to 10 days. Aerobic stabilization was carried out at 5, 20 and 33"C (with detention times of 30, 20 and 15 days, respectively. Controls were run at the same temperature in Hanks' balanced salt solution. Inactivation of virus was slower in thermophilic anaerobic digesters than in the controls and the rate of inactivation often fell off with time (tailing). In mesophilic anaerobic digesters and aerobic stabilization units, the rates of inactivation were greater than in the controls. The rates are, nevertheless, very much faster at the higher temperatures. Up to 3 log units of destruction might be obtained if the interval between feeding and drawing at 53°C were 10 h and 5 log units if it were 24 h. Retention times would have to be serveral


An automated gas analyser has been designed, constructed and installed for online monitoring of H2, CH4, CO and CO2 in the reduction plant at Mobarakeh Steel Company, Iran. A small and low-resolution mass spectrometer is used in this instrument. The analyser accepts the sample directly from the ambient pressure. Mass spectra are converted to percentages of the species in the mixture based on a derived mathematical expression and especially developed software. The instrument is capable of simultaneously analyzing six different gas inputs. The instrument recorded a precision level of below 3%.


As a theoretically rigorous and accurate method, FEP-ABFE (Free Energy Perturbation-Absolute Binding Free Energy) calculations showed great potential in drug discovery, but its practical application was difficult due to high computational cost. To rapidly discover antiviral drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 M pro and TMPRSS2, we performed FEP-ABFE–based virtual screening for ∼12,000 protein-ligand binding systems on a new generation of Tianhe supercomputer. A task management tool was specifically developed for automating the whole process involving more than 500,000 MD tasks. In further experimental validation, 50 out of 98 tested compounds showed significant inhibitory activity towards M pro , and one representative inhibitor, dipyridamole, showed remarkable outcomes in subsequent clinical trials. This work not only demonstrates the potential of FEP-ABFE in drug discovery but also provides an excellent starting point for further development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Besides, ∼500 TB of data generated in this work will also accelerate the further development of FEP-related methods.