Drug resistance is very common in developing countries. Isolated cases of concomitant infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Citrobacter koseri, and Morganella morganii are rare. Furthermore, there is no report available in the literature of concurrent infection of Citrobacter koseri and Morganella morganii in an isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis patient. In this case, we present a concomitant infection with drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Citrobacter koseri, and Morganella morganii in a 40-year-old Indian male who presented with fever, dry cough, and chest pain. He was initiated on an isoniazid mono regimen and a broad-spectrum antibiotic, following the national guidelines.


D efining intelligence is a puzzle that has challenged educators and researchers for years. Such theorists as Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Froebel, Montessori, and Piaget developed various frameworks demonstrating that children learn as a result of environmental factors, "sensitive periods," and developmental stages (Warner & Sower, 2005). More recently, professionals are acknowledging that individuals possess many facets of intelligence and that learning is a complex combination of genetic factors, environmental influences, and life experiences that affect learning in unique ways (Salvia, Ysseldyke, & Bolt, 2010). Howard Gardner's (1983) theory of multiple intelligences has provided many teachers with insights about their students' diverse ways of learning and expressing themselves. The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory is an emerging model of multiple intelligences. Named for the three men who contributed to its progression— Raymond Cattell, John Horn, and John Carroll (Flanagan, Ortiz, & Alfonso, 2007; McGrew, 2009)—it is based on years of empirical factor analytic research. Basically, the CHC model conceptualizes intelligence as a constellation of distinct cognitive abilities, in which learners experience intellectual growth based on innate abilities, environmental opportunities, background of experiences, and emerging abilities in each of 10 cognitive areas (Flanagan et al., 2007). This article will describe the components of the CHC model so that practitioners can translate its principles into practice in the classroom. CHC theory has evolved over a number of decades, as each aforementioned theorist researched human cognitive abilities using factor analysis. In 1941, Cattell originally proposed the existence of both fluid and crystallized intelligence (McGrew, 2005). Carroll and Horn conducted their research in the 1960s, although their work was more widely accepted and applied during the 1990s. In 1993, John Carroll developed a ThreeA New Theoretical Perspective of Cognitive Abilities


In this work we use data from two sets of midterm exams and question-by-question evaluations of confidence levels and construct different indicators in order to study predictive ability and overconfidence. Our results show that (1) there is a significant evidence of a good ability of self-evaluation on the side of the best students; (2) worse metacognition does not seem to explain overconfidence. This suggests that different methods of investigating overconfidence might lead to results which are at least partially different from the ones discussed in the existing literature


The research on minimizing the engine vibration by using Pneumatic Active Engine Mount (PAEM) was performed in the paper. The dynamics of the PAEM represented by analytical Matlab/Simulink model was analyzed. The PAEM model were verified compared with experimental results by using MTS. In addition, the parameter sensitivity analysis was also conduced to identify the dominant parameter for the PAEM performance.


Manufacturing strategy research, together with service operations and strategy research, form the background for an examination of operations management. Although much of the assessment and critique is directed at operations strategy, traditional operations management issues such as technology, productivity, and quality also come under scrutiny as to their role in strategy. This review identifies three common themes and seven missing themes in the literature, contrasting the "'content" variables so frequently investigated within operations management-quality, cost, delivery, and flexibility-against strategic "process" variables. Conclusions include the partial indictment of operations management literature through the missing themes, an indictment that can be shored-up through increased empirical research in operations strategy that focuses on content, process, and performance.


The control law used in regular static state feedback is expressed in a novel direct form which is advantageous for the linearization of loudspeaker systems. Compared with the straightforward integrator-decoupled form, the direct form increases computational efficiency, requires fewer loudspeaker parameters, and can be easily implemented on signal processors working with a fixed-point format. The control law in the direct form can be applied to loudspeaker systems with different acoustic radiation aids (closed-box system, vented-box system) and dispenses with measurement of the internal states and full identification of the acoustic parameters. The relationship between feedback linearization and feedforward filter techniques (Volterra filter, mirror filter) is discussed.


Combined strain and magnetization measurements on the Heusler shape-memory alloys Ni45Co5Mn38Sb12 and Ni44Co6Mn38Sb12 give evidence for strong magneto-structural coupling. The sample length changes up to 1% at the martensitic transformation, between a ferromagnetic, austenitic phase at high temperatures and a weakly magnetic, low-symmetry martensitic phase at lower temperatures. Under moderate uniaxial stress, the change in the sample length increases to and saturates at about 3%, pointing to stabilization of a single martensitic variant. A reverse martensitic transformation can also be induced by applying magnetic field: we find that within the temperature range of thermal hysteresis of the martensitic transformation, applying a field can induce a metastable expansion of the sample, while at slightly lower temperatures, the field response is reversible. These findings provide key information for future use of Ni(Co)-Mn-Sb-based Heusler compounds in, e.g., actuators and mechanical switches.


Objective Through the electronic bronchoscopy to check the AIDS complicated by tuberculosis patients,there have a discussion about the analysis of clinical significance,value and accurate rate to the electronic bronchoscopy.Methods Checking the 80 AIDS complicated by tuberculosis patients from December 2011 to December 2013 in the Third People's Hospital of Kunming bronchoalveolar lavage fluid through the electronic bronchoscopy,brushings and mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) culture,and sputum check MTB,MTB sputum culture,tuberculosis antibodies,T cell spot test(T SPOT-TB),PPD test and other test,according the result to analysis.Results 80 AIDS complicated by tuberculosis patients in sputum check MTB and MTB culture positive rate,spot test positive rates were 1.3%,3.8%,13.8%,tuberculosis antibody positive rate was 11.3%,PPD test positive rate was 8.8%,bronchoscopy brushings,BALF smear and culture results were positive rates were 22.5%,25.0%,31.3%,pairwise differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion There have more obviously clinical significance from the electronic bronchoscopy to AIDS complicated by tuberculosis patients.


A 70-year-old man presented with inferior STEMI. Coronary angiography showed an occluded circumflex artery (Cx) ( Panel A , Supplementary material, Video S1 ). The post-thrombectomy TIMI 3 flow was established instantly ( Panel B , Supplementary material, Video S2 ) . There was no evidence of an underlying stenotic atheromatous plaque, raising possibility of an embolic phenomenon. He gave a 3-week history of malaise, generalized arthralgia, progressive loss of vision, …


Concepts are the most fundamental unit of cognition that carries certain meanings in expression, thinking, reasoning, and system modeling. In denotational mathematics, a concept is formally modeled as an abstract and dynamic mathematical structure that encapsulates attributes, objects, and relations. The most important property of an abstract concept is its adaptive capability to autonomously interrelate itself to other concepts. This article presents a formal theory for abstract concepts and knowledge manipulation known as "concept algebra.†The mathematical models of concepts and knowledge are developed based on the object-attribute-relation (OAR) theory. The formal methodology for manipulating knowledge as a concept network is described. Case studies demonstrate that concept algebra provides a generic and formal knowledge manipulation means, which is capable to deal with complex knowledge and software structures as well as their algebraic operations.


Properties and mechanism of a non-phosphorus inhibitor were studied, in the simulate condition of a circulation cooling system. The inhibitor enable control the corrosion of system containing both carbon steel and copper alloy, which is similar to a real circulation cooling system. Studies showed that the inhibitor showed excellently corrosion inhibition properties and protect metals well. Scale inhibition experiment showed that the rate of scale inhibition could reach up to 98%. Therefore, the environment-friendly inhibitor is an efficiency inhibitor and could control both corrosion and scaling for the circulation cooling conditions.


This thesis studies the cooperation between the Coq proof assistant and external provers through proof witnesses. We concentrate on two different kinds of provers that can return certicates: first, answers coming from SAT and SMT solvers can be checked in Coq to increase both the confidence in these solvers and Coq's automation; second, theorems established in interactive provers based on Higher-Order Logic can be exported to Coq and checked again, in order to offer the possibility to produce formal developments which mix these two dierent logical paradigms. It ended up in two software: SMTCoq, a bi-directional cooperation between Coq and SAT/SMT solvers, and HOLLIGHTCOQ, a tool importing HOL Light theorems into Coq. For both tools, we took great care to define a modular and efficient architecture, based on three clearly separated ingredients: an embedding of the formalism of the external tool inside Coq which is carefully translated into Coq terms, a certified checker to establish the proofs using the certicates, and an Ocaml preprocessor to transform proof witnesses coming from different provers into a generic certificate. This division allows that a change in the format of proof witnesses only affects the preprocessor, but no proved Coq code. Another fundamental component for efficiency and modularity is computational reflection, which exploits the computational power of Coq to establish generic and small proofs based on the certicates.


With the rapid development of China's economy, the scale of the city has been continuously expanding, industrial enterprises have been increasing, the discharge of multiple pollutants has reached the top of the world., and the environmental problems become more and more serious. The air pollution problem is particularly prominent. Air quality has become a daily concern for people. In order to control air pollution, it is necessary to grasp the air quality situation in an all-round way. It is necessary to evaluate air quality. Accurate results of air quality evaluation can help people know more about air quality. In this paper, refers to previous research results and different evaluation methods, combined with artificial neural network, fuzzy theory, genetic algorithm, GA-BP hybrid algorithm based on fuzzy theory is proposed to evaluate air quality. At the same time, for the problem that the two-level standard of air quality annual evaluation is not suitable for practical application, the four-level standard for annual air quality evaluation has been proposed, and its practicality has been verified through experiments. By setting contrast experiments and comparing the air quality evaluation model based on standard BP algorithm, it is proved that the fuzzy GA-BP evaluation model is better than the standard BP model, both in efficiency and accuracy.


This paper describes the Document Classi cation Substrate (DCS) and accompanying protocols. The DCS is a framework of Lisp support code facilitating the prototyping and deployment of systems for automatic document classi cation and retrieval applications. The DCS design re ects the following observations concerning the problem of classi cation of texts. 1. Initial preprocessing (lexical feature extraction) is at least as signi cant as the choice of classi cation algorithm in terms of impact on classi cation performance. Richer lexical features will enable better classi cation. 2. The preprocessing stage needs to adapt in response to the particular document space just as the classi cation algorithm does. 3. Adaptive classi cation algorithms do not need to learn everything encoding a priori operator information is important. 4. For purposes of rapid experimentation, the speci c functional modules of a classi cation system should be strongly separated by an abstraction barrier. The DCS provides separate management code for lexical feature extraction and classi cation, dividing the system into two layers. Interaction between these layers is strictly managed by a protocol which enables each layer to be abstracted away from the other layer, thereby facilitating independent development and experimentation. The lexical classi cation layer provides support for managing arbitrarily expressive lexical features which can dynamically adapt in response to the particular runtime environment. The categorization layer contains facilities for controlling arbitrary compositions of classi cation algorithms (each packaged and abstracted away from the others) and actively supports hybrid categorization algorithms; categorization algorithms mixing adaptive (typically statistical) classi cation algorithms with a priori symbolic rules. The DCS was implemented in Common Lisp and has been tested with a set of lexical features based on interface code to the Wordnet database and a series of classi cation algorithms mixing various statistical approaches and probabilistic inference networks on an extensive document corpus.


This article is a study on the condition of the bacillus subtilis and the aspergillus oryzae mixing fermentation to make bean pulp feedstuffs.The findings indicate that the best fermentation condition of the bacillus subtilis(1389) and the aspergillus oryzae(3.042) mixing fermentation to make bean pulp feedstuffs under 72 h premise lies in four factors.The first factor is that the inoculation delimiter byte is 6 h.The second factor is that the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃.The third factor is that the water content of culture medium is 60%.The fourth factor is that the proportion of mixture strains(bacillus subtilis vs aspergillus oryzae) is 1 to 1.And the findings also indicate that the the activity of the proteinase of the fermentation bean pulp is 980 U/g and the peptide conversion rate is 50% in this condition.


The article aims to present social ties of the Republic of Bashkortostan based on voice cell phone data, which covers 12 million calls from and to the region during the first five days of March 2020. About 96% of calls are made within the republic and only 4% of them are interregional. The people of the Republic of Bashkortostan have close connections with those who live in neighboring regions (Orenburg, Sverdlovsk oblast, the Republic of Tatarstan and especially Chelyabinsk oblast). Being a part of the Ural Economic Region, the Volga Federal District and Volga-Ural Macro Region, the republic has turned mostly towards Ural regions. We also found that the republic has close social ties with Moscow and Moscow region, St. Petersburg and Leningrad oblast, as well as Krasnodar kray, Samara oblast and two Autonomous Districts: Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets. We estimated the number of persons who possessed Bashkir SIM-card and were outside the republic during the research period – 183 thousand; the most of them were in the abovementioned regions. While conversation between residents lasts 50 seconds, which is among the smallest values, the calls to and from republics of Altai, Tyva, Khakassia, Sakha and Magadan oblast are 5-8 times longer. Overall, the communication pattern reflects migration flows and economic relations between regions. The results of this study can be utilized by researchers and Bashkir government to explore spatial interaction patterns between regions and may help to guide transportation planning and other potential applications, e.g. infrastructure construction projects. In conclusion, we postulate that cell phone data can be exploited as a source of social ties data, however, the strengthening communication shift into Internet space is diminishing information on the directional features of the ties.


Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are at an 11-fold greater risk of vertebral fracture, with higher mortality and morbidity rates than the general spinal cord injury (SCI) population. We present the case of a patient with established AS who suffered from a cervical SCI. Following admission to a specialist spinal injury rehabilitation unit, he was diagnosed with severe established heterotopic ossification (HO) and spasticity. The key considerations required to manage a case of significant disability in the rehabilitation setting are outlined. The need for earlier diagnosis of HO to prevent progression and associated complications is discussed.


This study explores the emergence and developments through time of a semiotic artefact, the shield, used by demonstrators in violent anti-government protests in contemporary Venezuela. Drawing on the concept of discourse itineraries (Scollon 2008), the material and semiotic transformations this artefact underwent are mapped through various protest cycles, whilst considering the semiotic enrichment of century-long traditions of shields that inform the various functions they play within current day itineraries. The study concludes by discussing the advantages of using the concept of discourse itineraries for understanding moments in the life cycle of semiotic artefacts in the linguistic landscape and outlines future opportunities to expand the analysis of shields beyond the Venezuelan case. (Linguistic landscape of protest, discourse itineraries, semiotic artefact, shields, Venezuela)*


In automating optical proximity correction, calculation speed becomes important. In this paper we present a novel method for calculating proximity corrected features analytically. The calculation will take only several times the amount it takes to calculate intensity of one point on wafer. Therefore, the calculation will become extremely faster than conventional repetitive aerial image calculations. This method is applied to a simple periodic pattern. The simulated results show great improvement on linearity after correction and have proved the effectiveness of this analytical method.


There has been investigated influence of HgCl2, Hg(No3)2, CH3HgI, CH3HgNO3 on accumulation of carbonyl products determined with the help of thiobabitural acid in the liver of Russian Sturgeon (Acipenser gьldenstдdti Brandt) in vitro. In homogenates of the liver with addition mercury salts it is noticed that the content of malon dialdehyde (MDA) has increased in average on 50 %, in case with sublime the peroxide oxidation being 3 times greater. There were investigated 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, tetraphenylporphyrin and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxiphenylporhpyrin (TPP-OH) as antidotes. The most effective proved to be TPP-OH, decreasing accumulation of MDA without toxicants for about 30 %, at presence of sublime for 60 %, with introducing the rest mercury compounds the content of carbonyl compounds being compatible with the check test (without additives).The effectiveness of the given compound is supposed to display due to stability of the radical which is being formed.


The statistics of the Ministry of Education and Science show a positive dynamics in the availability of special education. However, for inclusion of children with special needs into the mainstream education, the provision of support staff (psychologist, speech therapist, special educator) is essential. The aim of this research is to investigate the national legislation on the inclusion of children with special needs in the pre-school and elementary school education system, exploring the funding aspect. The study analyses the legislative basis for the provision of special education in mainstream schools. The research investigated the provision of special education in general education institutions in Alūksne Municipality in September - December 2016 (case study) and carried out several interviews with field experts. The study is conducted in the context of theory of inclusive special education. The study shows that in providing education support staff in an educational institution in the framework of the existing public education and special education funding model and in the context of a rural region with a low population density, there is a need for a rational approach, careful planning and process management: gathering information about all pupils with special needs in a municipality, cooperation with parents, management and mobilization of all resources.


Considerable difficulties caused by unstable reactions of wheat varieties were encountered by the authors in the study of physiologic specialization of Puccinia glumarum. The fluctuation of varietal reactions was chiefly due to the variation of light and temperature in ordinary green house. It was found that strict control of temperature (constantly at 15℃) and a stable light source were necessary. Fluorescent lamps serves as a good source of cool light, and a daily supply of 16-hours illumination with an intensity of 4,000 Lux is sufficient for normal development of infection-types. Temperature plays most important role among the environmental factors causing the variability of varietal reactions of wheat to stripe rust. In general, wheat varieties become more resistant to stripe rust as the temperature raises from 10℃ upward. The critical temperature at which host reactions changed from susceptible to resistant varied with different combinations of wheat varieties and races of P. glumarum. Eight variety-race combinations out of 60 had their infection types changed from susceptible to resistant at 15℃, 15 combinations changed at 20℃, 18 combinations at 25℃, while 16 combinations had their resistant infection types unchanged under different temperatures. Highly resistant wheat varieties such as Early Premium, Li-Yung 1, Naking 4179 remained resistant to all 4 races tested under a wide range of light intensities, while highly susceptible variety Ycnta 1885 remained susceptible throughout. Other susceptable varieties behaved rather specifically as light intensity and daily length of illumination varied. Infection type, amount of sporulation and range of cnvironmental conditions for sporulation should all be considered as criteria for the exact evaluation of varietal resistance of wheat and pathogenicity of rust races. Race Y6B isolated from wheat vareity Pima-1, has been proved to be a dangerous race, causing Pima strains severely diseased at 10°—20℃, with the capability to sporulate at 25℃. Race Y6, of which the pathogenicity resembled that of race Y6B on 6 differential hosts, had been(?)olated from Shantung and Shansi provinces during 1954—55. These findings correlated well with the breakdown of Pima 1 in resistance to stripe rust over a wide geographic area since 1955. Early Premium, Naking 4197, Liyung 1 and Nungta 6 are highly resistant varieties to race Y6B.


As an important branch in modern image processing, drawing image vectorization has high research value and broad applications. In this paper, a general method for meta-graph recognition is proposed based on curve fitting and separation of line and smooth curve. Though line and arc separation, sharp angle and arc end judgement, and segmentation of inverted tangency arcs, various basic metas can be well recognized. Both theoretical analysis and experiment results have shown that the proposed method has good and efficient performance for different drawing images.


BACKGROUND
Soy protein is the only full plant protein that is comparable to animal protein. Soy whey contains a variety of nutrients including isoflavones and oligosaccharides. Additionally, different strains have profound influence on functional metabolism. Most prospective studies used mixed strain fermented yogurt, but few studies on single strain fermented yogurt. The aim of this study was to ferment nutritious and healthy soy-based yogurt using a single strain and to provide technical support for the reuse of soy whey.

RESULTS
Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus HCS07-002, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HCS04-001 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HCS03-084 had strong growth and metabolic activities. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HCS04-001 fermentation raised the texture and rheological properties of yogurt and enriched the flavor substances in the yogurt, resulting in a good quality soy-based yogurt. The contents of arginine, glutamic and proline were greatly affected by the fermentation of different strains. The fermentation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HCS04-001 was beneficial to the enrichment of soy isoflavone and equol in yogurt, and enhanced antioxidant activity of yogurt.

CONCLUSION
Our findings indicated that yogurt fermented with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HCS04-001 had the best sensory and nutritional properties, which provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable strains to improve the quality and nutritional value of plant yogurt. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


"eat-me" signal for phagocytes—on transected axons and is required for normal recruitment of phagocytes to axonal debris in vivo. These results suggest that GSK3B–MCL1 signaling to regulate autophagy might be important for the successful completion of Wallerian degeneration.


SYNOPSIS—Bulb turbines are gaining increasing importance in the generation of power from low-head schemes all over the world. Because of hydraulic advantages on the one hand and increased feasibility on the other hand they are frequently applied instead of the vertical Kaplan turbines. The following paper deals with the most essential hydraulic differences between a horizontal bulb-turbine and a vertical Kaplan-turbine as well as with the design features of a bulb-turbine.


Each of these case studies outlines the background history, formulation and treatment approaches of individuals with schizophrenia. They illustrate the affect on these people of deinstitutionalisation and the current public mental health system.


An experimental investigation of the capacitance of a grid capacitor shows that the minimum sheath occurs for the grids biased to space potential. Above space potential, the sheath is attributed to electron acceleration, and a simple calculation shows that this effect is of the right magnitude.


Two kinds of fixed carrier membrane materials containing secondary amine and carboxyl groups which can be used as carriers of CO2 were prepared. One was poly(N-vinyl-7-sodium aminobutyrate)(PVSA), which was obtained through the hydrolysis of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) synthesized with N-vinylpyrrolidone(NVP) by radical polymerization. The other was poly(N-vinyl-7-sodium aminobutyrate-co-sodium acrylate)(VSA-SA), which was obtained through the hydrolysis of copolymer of .N-vinylpyrrolidone and acrylamide(AAm) (NVP-AAm). The composite membranes were developed with PVSA or VSA-SA as active layer and polysulfone (PS) as support membranes. The permeation rates of pure CO2 and CH4 gas as well as binary mixtures of CO2/CH4 through the composite membranes were measured. The results show that the composite membranes present better CO2 permeation rates than other fixed carrier membranes do reported in literature. For example, at 26℃, 1330 Pa of CO2 pressure, the PVSA/PS composite membrane displays a CO2 permeation rate of 5.95 × 10-7cm3·cm-2·s-1·Pa-1 with CO2/CH4 ideal separation factor of 212.1. At 20℃, 6400 Pa of CO2 pressure, the VSA-SA/PS composite membrane displays a CO2 permeation rate of 4.24×10-8 cm3·cm-2·S-1·Pa-1 with CO2/CH4 ideal separation factor of 429.7. The results with the gas mixtures are not as good as those obtained with pure gas because of the coupling effects between CO2 and CH4. The heat cross-linked membrane shows good separation factor due to densification of the polymer.


The total carbon dioxide in sea water was determined by means of the micro-diffusion method on the cruises of JEDS-3 and JEDS-4. It was confirmed that the total carbon dioxide to AOU plots gave a straight line with a slope dC/dO2 of about 106/272 in atoms for the waters for which the phosphate to AOU plots gave a straight line with a slope d P/d02 of 1/272. Nearly the same ratio as above was also found in the Antarctic Circumpolar Water. The significance of the reserved total carbon dioxide was pointed out.


An overview of single and multiphase flows through woven and nonwoven fibrous materials is presented. A computational model for analyzing fluid flow through such media is described and sample computational results are presented. It is shown that by generating virtual geometries that resemble the microstructure of a fibrous material one can study the fluid and particle transport through such porous media and compute their permeability and particle capture efficiency. As an example, the modeling strategy developed for evaluating the pressure drop and nano-particle collection efficiency of light-weight nonwoven air filter medium is described in details. Comparison of the results of the micro-scale modeling with the existing analytical models as well as the experimental data in the literature is also presented. Earlier studies on modeling permeability of multiand mono-filament woven fabrics are also reviewed.


Virtualization and consolidation are two complementary techniques widely adopted in a global strategy to reduce system management complexity. In this paper we show how two simple and well-known techniques can be combined to dramatically increase the energy efficiency of a virtualized and consolidated data center. This result is obtained by introducing a new approach to the consolidation strategy that allows an important reduction in the amount of active nodes required to process a web workload without degrading the offered service level. Furthermore, when the system eventually gets overloaded and no energy can be saved without loosing performance, we show how these techniques can still improve the overall value obtained from the workload. The two techniques are memory compression and request discrimination, and were separately studied and validated in a previous work to be now combined in a joint effort. Our results indicate that an important improvement can be achieved by deciding not only how resources are allocated, but also how they are used. Moreover, we believe that this serves as an illustrative example of a new way of management: tailoring the resources to meet high level energy efficiency goals.


We report on muon-induced single event upsets (SEU) in SRAMs built on 32nm planar and 22nm and 14nm 3D Tri-Gate technologies. Experimental cross sections were measured using the M20C positive muon beamline at TRIUMF. Physics-based simulations were conducted to estimate sea-level SEU rates for both, positive and negative muons. Our results indicate that the muon induced upset rate is negligible compared to neutron induced upset rate, and the introduction of 3D Tri-Gate transistors reduced the susceptibility to muons by approximately two orders of magnitude relative to 32nm planar cross sections.


. For a prime p , we denote by B n the cyclic group of order p n . Let φ be a faithful irreducible character of B n , where p is an odd prime. We study the p -group G containing B n such that the induced character φ G is also irreducible. Set [ N G ( B n ) : B n ] = p m and [ G : B n ] = p M . The purpose of this paper is to determine the structure of G under the hypothesis [ N G ( B n ) : B n ] 2 d ≤ p n , where d is the smallest integer not less than M/m .


ANALYZING THE PRODUCTIVITY-WAGE-UNEMPLOYMENT NEXUS IN MALAYSIA: EVIDEDENCE FROM THE MACROECONOMIC PERPECTIVE Using multivariate cointegration and error-correction modeling techniques, this paper attempts to examine whether there exists a productivity-wage-unemployment relationship in Malaysia at the macroeconomic level. The main findings show that unemployment is dichotomized from the long-run equilibrium relationship between labor productivity and real wages, implying labor productivity is an important long-run factor in determining real wages, while unemployment has a negligible effect on the real wage rates. However, real wages are very responsive to a change in labor productivity, signaling a tight labor market that leads to an increase in unit labor cost. To be more resilient to rising wages and productivity gaps in a globally competitive environment, Malaysian industries should move up the value chain, and promote skill-and technology-intensive production. JEL CLASSIFICATION CODES: J39


The present study examines the distress symptomatology and family functioning in female undergraduate students who had been sexually victimized in childhood and revictimized in adulthood. This group was contrasted with a child sexual abuse group, peer sexual abuse group, and a no sexual trauma group. Findings indicated that the revictimized group reported the most severe forms of sexual assault relative to other victimized groups. The victimized groups were all significantly more distressed than the nonabused control group with the revictimized group reporting significantly more PTSD symptomatology than other victimization groups. The victimization groups differed significantly from the nonabused group on dimensions of family functioning, but they did not differ significantly from each other. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that conflict and control were significant predictors of distress in the victimization group. Cohesion was a significant predictor of distress in the nonabused group. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.


AIM: To investigate the expression of angiopoietin-Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ)in primary gastric cancer and the pathological factors that influences it. METHODS: Expression of Ang-Ⅱ and VEGF were studied in 72 primary gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissue by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The significant difference of Ang-Ⅱ expression between primary tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples was observed. The correlationship between Ang-Ⅱ and VEGF expression in tumors was statistically significant. The expression of Ang-Ⅱ was related to tumor stage and vascular involvement. CONCLUSION: The results manifested that Ang-Ⅱ may play a role in regulating tumor angiogenesis.


Two simulation studies of laser-plasma interactions are presented. In photon acceleration study, we present the interaction of a short laser pulse with a negative density gradient of a relativistic electron plasma wave generated by a drive laser pulse. The effects of slippage, dispersion, and diffraction are discussed. In order to make a strong plasma wake field, an ultrashort high-intensity laser pulse is necessary. We present laser pulse amplification and compression through stimulated Raman backscattering via the interaction with a plasma and a counter-propagating pump laser. With a one-dimensional fluid model, nonlinear growth rate, pulse compression rate, and energy transfer efficiency are investigated for various parameters to optimize the amplification.


To study the influence of pesticide character,soil basic physical and chemical properties on the adsorption and leaching behavior of pesticide in soil,the adsorption and leaching of seven pesticides onto three different soils including Northeast China black soil,Taihu paddy soil,Jiangxi red soil were conducted by oscillation equilibrium experiment and column leaching.The results showed the greater of the pesticide water-soluble,the weaker adsorption and stronger leaching.The values of Kf were well correlated to certain physical-chemical properties of the soils such as organic matter contents,cation exchange capacity and pH.Properties of the soils including organic matter contents,pH and physico-chemical properties of pesticides may affect the leaching migration of pesticides in soil.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of a shaped baked product with a rounded shape. Disclosed is a method of making a shaped baked product with a rounded shape, comprising: preparing a dough including starch, fat, and sugar, wherein fat with a high melting point and granulated sugar are used in weight ratio 1:1, said dough has a moisture content before baking of about 8 % to about 15 % by weight of shaped baked product, shaping said dough into a rounded shape, wherein said shaping includes: introducing dough between an upper press element and a lower press element, wherein each of upper press element and lower press element has a cavity, and applying force to upper press element and to lower press element, to force dough to be introduced into cavity of upper press element and lower pressing element, so that dough takes shape of said cavities, thereby forming shaped sections in sheet web portions of dough, baking said dough web to produce baked dough web containing shaped portions of shaped baked product corresponding to said shaped portions of dough, and removing overlaps from at least one of said portions of shaped baked product of baked dough web to form said at least one separate shaped baked product. EFFECT: invention enables to produce a product which retains a round shape after baking and cooling. 23 cl, 13 dwg, 3 tbl


Abstract The force-biased extension of the Metropolis Monte Carlo method [1] improves convergence by sampling moves preferentially along the directions of force (and torque) [2]. For solvated systems it is particularly effective [3] when coupled with the preferential sampling scheme [4] that attempts to move solvents near the solute more frequently. However, in recent force-biased simulations of aqueous ionic solutions [5] some of the water molecules in the vicinity of the solute remained essentially stationary. Only significant reduction in the stepsize produced some accepted moves.


The results of the study of the effect of vacuum freeze-drying on the properties of Jerusalem artichoke are presented. The advantages and new opportunities for obtaining the final product for dietary, baby and special nutrition (sublimation allows you to save almost all antioxidants, useful properties and nutritional value), as well as problematic issues of implementing this technology are noted.


This cross reference guide has been prepared as an unofficial listing of regulations and other directive type publications related to current high interest subjects. The purpose is to help assure that all pertinent policies on the subject are known to Contracting Officers and others involved in the day-to-day contracting process. It is hoped this will reduce the time spent in researching information relative to the subjects. The approach adopted is to present a brief discussion of the background or purpose, followed by the identification of all known directives on the subject and the key aspects of each of the directives. It is planned that the guide will be a growing document with additional subjects incorporated periodically.


A conformational analysis was carried out in solution on a series of L‐methionine oligomers having the general formula \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm BOC\rlap{--} (L - Met\rlap{--})}_n {\rm OMe (}n = 2 - 7)$\end{document}. We examined these oligopeptides in TFE, HFIP, EG, and mixed organic–water media. The critical size for helix formation was found to be seven residues in TFE, whereas the β‐associated structure appears at the pentamer in EG and TFE–water (20 : 80, v/v). In HFIP, however, the oligomers exist essentially in an unordered conformation.


This chapter identifies and defines key concepts in the literary history of Caribbean Creole (or dialect) literature. It theorizes the concept of literary miscegenation, or the relationship between orality and literature, often coded racially as black (orality) and white (literature). It lays the groundwork for the book's argument that Creole language itself is not just a characteristic of black populations but has origins in white creole speech. The chapter investigates Noise theory, Kamau Brathwaite's concept of nation language as it relates to Caribbean Creole, and the roles of violence and blackface minstrelsy in the emergence of Creole literature. Nineteenth-century Caribbean Creole grammar books by early Caribbean grammarians John Jacob Thomas and Thomas Russell are discussed. It explains the interchangeable use of the terms "dialect," "Creole," and "vernacular." The chapter links the emergence of Creole literature in the eighteenth century with today's popular Creole grammar books and novels.


Contrary to previous reports, the reaction mechanism of chlorine dioxide (OClO·) with benzyl alcohols involves both radical cation and benzyl radical mechanisms dependent on pH. The primary reactio...


Based on constructing the harmonious society in our country,according to a great deal of bad phenomena existing in the evolution of professional football league of our country,this article put forward such four suggestions about perfecting Chinese club's construction as paying more attention to the management system,regulating the operating mechanism,strengthening supervision and management and establishing the club's culture,etc.


The question of migration in the Middle East has become of particular importance given its link to global labour markets and lopsided population growth in the Arab Gulf area. Globally, Saudi Arabia (9.1 million ) and UAE (7,8 million) are now on the 4 and 5 place of global migration movements – led by the United States, The Russian Federation and Germany. The United Kingdom and France are on 6 and 7 place respectively. Extensive naturalization in many Western countries on one hand, and multiple counting due to renewable visa policies in the Arab Gulf region on the other, makes quantitative comparisons difficult. Yet, there is no doubt that migration and citizenship is an issue of utmost importance in particular in the Gulf area.


All extant editions of the two classics Zhouli and Liji, even those of the T'ang and Sung dynasties, have suffered textual corruption. Gao You, a scholar of the Eastern Han, left behind citations from these two classics in his commentaries on Huainanzi and Lushichunqiu. This article, by comparing Gao's citations with the texts of the extant editions, has identified the differences between these versions of the two classics.


A two-dimensional broadband low-loss Luneburg lens has been designed based on the complementary metamaterials. The complementary I-shaped unit has been chosen as the basic cell due to its high resonant frequency, whose effective constitutive parameters are nearly constants at low frequencies. Numerical simulations are performed to determine the relationship between the unit geometry and the refraction index. The experimental sample has been fabricated and tested in a two-dimensional near-field microwave scanning apparatus, where the experiment and simulation results agree very well. Good focusing ability has been shown from the measured field distributions of the designed planar Luneburg lens.


This paper studies the efficiency of two subsidy schemes widely used in health-care systems: unconditional and conditional. Unconditional schemes partially subsidize customers seeking private care without pre-requirement, whereas conditional schemes fully subsidize those who have waited sufficiently long in the public system. Public service is assumed to suffer queuing delay whereas private service is provided without delay. For each subsidy scheme we consider two information regimes: no information and full information, according to whether or not customers observe real-time delay information. We then derive customers' equilibrium choices between private and public systems and investigate the optimal design for each subsidy scheme. We find that although providing customers with delay information improves social welfare, it increases demand sensitivity to the waiting time requirement, resulting in either a deficit or a surplus for the health-care budget. The relative efficiency of the two subsidy schemes also depends on the information regime and the size of the public fund. With no information, there exists a threshold fund level, below which the unconditional subsidy scheme outperforms the conditional scheme, and above which the conditional scheme prevails. With full information, the unconditional subsidy scheme is always superior. Finally, we demonstrate that social welfare can be significantly improved by changing the current waiting-time-based subsidy scheme into a virtual-waiting-time-based subsidy scheme.


Background—Little is known about blood flow and its relationship to respiration during exercise in patients with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Methods and Results—We studied 11 patients 12.4±4.6 years (mean±SD) of age 5.9±2.8 years (mean±SD) after TCPC operation. Real-time MRI was used to measure blood flow in the superior vena cava (SVC), inferior vena cava (IVC), and ascending aorta under inspiration and expiration during supine lower-limb exercise (rest, 0.5 and 1.0 W/kg) on an ergometer bicycle. IVC and aortic flow increased from 1.60±0.52 and 2.99±0.83 L/min per m2 at rest to 2.58±0.71 and 3.97±1.20 L/min per m2 at 0.5 W/kg and to 3.25±1.23 and 4.62±1.49 L/min per m2 at 1.0 W/kg (P ≤0.05). SVC flow remained unchanged. Resting flow in the IVC was greater during inspiration (2.99±1.25 L/min per m2) than during expiration (0.83±0.44 L/min per m2) (inspiratory/mean flow ratio, 1.9±0.5), and retrograde flow was present during expiration (11±12% of mean flow). The predominance of inspiratory flow in IVC diminished with exercise to an inspiratory/mean flow ratio of 1.5±0.2 (P ≤0.05) and 1.4±0.3 at 0.5 and 1.0 W/kg, respectively. Conclusions—In the TCPC, circulation IVC and aortic but not SVC flows increase with supine leg exercise. Inspiration facilitates IVC flow at rest but less so during exercise, when the peripheral pump seems to be more important.


The transition from first-generation to second-generation studies of genetic and environmental influences on the development of reading is underway. The first generation of quantitative genetic studies yielded an extraordinary conclusion: Fifty percent or more of the variance in most constructs, including reading, is attributable to genetic variation. The first generation of molecular genetic studies produced methods for analysis of effects of genetic variation at the molecular level and some tantalizing preliminary results identifying reading-related chromosomal regions. The articles in this special issue provide examples of a second generation of studies that go well beyond heritability estimates and preliminary results. The weak link in the chain for both quantitative and molecular genetic studies remains an uncertain phenotype.


A long-term location test for chlorine-containing fertilizers was set up in brown earth in 1984. The results indicated that a long-term application of chlorine-containing fertilizers could promote the increase of plant height, the thickness of the stems, length of root system and other parts of a plant above and under the ground. Chlorine has not obvious effects on the N, P assimilation of soybean, but promotes the assimilation of K.


Abstract The performance of poly(styrene‐divinylbenzene) stationary phase was evaluated for the separation of test compounds, alkyl aryl ketones, and barbiturates under reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) at high temperature (100°C–200°C) using water‐rich and superheated water as the eluent. Good separations with acceptable column efficiencies were achieved at high column temperatures. Van't Hoff plots for the separations were linear, which suggest that for selected compounds over the temperature range studied, no changes occurred in the retention mechanism. The high temperature RP‐HPLC separation technique was successfully applied to the separation of selected barbiturates using 100% pure water as the eluent.


Abstrack. This study aims at analyzing (1) does the growth of real income per capita generate absolute convergence among islands in Indonesia, (2) is there conditional convergence among islands in Indonesia by adding real investment, number of labor, export, and import value as control variables (3) is there a decline disparity of real income per capita among islands in Indonesia over time.The data used were secondary data of BPS and BI publication since 1995 to 2015 paneled with data from six islands (Sumatera, Java, Bali & Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Maluku & Papua) involving real income per capita, real investment, number of labor, export, and import value. Barro Salai Martin convergence model was used to test the convergence hypothesis. The results of the study show that (1) the growth of real income per capita does not generate absolute convergence among islands in Indonesia because the correlation between the growth and real income per capita in the previous period is positive and significant (2) there is not conditional convergence among islands in Indonesia, but real income per capita, real investment, and the number of labor are significant in affecting the growth, while export and import variable are not significant (3) the disparity of income per capita among islands in Indonesia does not decrease over time measured through the improvement of standard deviation. Divergence among islands in Indonesia occurs due to the performance of investment and the quality of labors among islands which is very different. Besides, the ownership of natural resources and infrastructure among island is very unequal. The conclusion of this research is that the growth of real income per capita among islands in Indonesia does not lead to equity. Government's policy is required to move investments into areas that cannot invest efficiently by prioritizing the development of infrastructure in such regions, boosting the improvement of labors quality in regions with poor society, social modal, politic stability, and trade among islands in order to the inequality does not widened.


Response: Thanks. We have read through the authors' checklist for manuscript formatting and download the template for verifying the format. We have revised the title page according to the template and also changed the headings of "Introduction" to "Background". We have also changed the subheading of "Study sites and participants" to "Study setting and study population" in the Method section. We also formatted the references. We now think the format of the revised manuscript conforms to the journal style.


Proven by international experience appropriateness of the model of multiple innovation sources determines the urgency of the problem of development of small enterprises innovative activity. This paper examines the theoretical basis for attribution of 'innovation activity' concept i.e. definition, types and stages of innovation, as well as analyzes the methodological aspects of effective management of the small business innovation. This study describes the main negative factors of innovation environment for small business and modern innovation strategies. The authors draw conclusions about effectiveness of application of innovative management strategies at different innovation stages and offer some measures to develop innovative intra-firm behavior.


The paper is engaged in an experimental study to pursue the propagating regularity of the gas explosion shock waves at the unidirectional bifurcation of the pipeline in the non-combustion zones. So far as we know,the gas explosion in the space can take place in the two kinds of areas: the gas combustion area and the non-gas combustion area. When the combustion waves disappear as the gas combustion is over,only the shock waves remain in the non-gas combustion area,and the shock wave may lose its energy support,and the air would finally come back to the normal atmospheric situation. However,when the shock wave and the flame are mutually coupled in the gas combustion area,a square pipe should be built up of a section of 80 mm × 80 mm composed of turnings with different lengths,such as 1 m,1. 5 m,2. 5 m,3m and 4 m,as is motivated by the recent interest in the study of the propagation features of the gas explosion waves in the branch pipelines of the non-combustion zones. The above said branch pipeline is by nature made up of three parts: the front part( which serves as the straight pipe gas filling area),the middle part( a straight pipe for the air ventilation) and the third part( the part of the pipe designed of four kinds of unidirectional bifurcation angles,such as 30°,45°,60° and 90°). Our experiment is not only aimed to test the gas filling quantity and the unidirectional bifurcation angle,but also focused on the amount of the energy of the gas explosion wave in the tunnel and the overpressure shunt of the shock-wave of the TST 6 300 dynamic data storage machine under the unidirectional bifurcation situation.The results of our experiments show that under the unidirectional bifurcation situation,the shunt coefficient of the gas explosion wave in the non-combustion zone is related to the initial overpressure of the shock-wave and the tunnel bifurcation angle. With the increase of the initial overpressure and the bifurcation angle,the shunt coefficient of the shock wave would increase,too. The experimental results we have gained tend to show its great significance for the research of the propagation regularity of the gas explosion shock-wave as well as for the coal mining rescue and disaster-relief practice.


Using language tests for upgrading knowledge: The phenomenon, source and consequences Elana Shohamy Tel Aviv University Abstract This paper is divided into two sections. The first part looks at the way in which many high stakes tests have been introduced for reasons of political expediency rather than educational benefit. It examines the consequences of using tests in this way and suggests that when tests are used as disciplinary tools their introduction leads to a narrowing of the curriculum rather than an improvement in learning. The second part of the paper examines the introduction in Hong Kong of the Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers in light of the earlier discussion and suggests that a number of questions need to be addressed if the assessment is not to have the reverse effect to that intended by the Education Department.This paper is divided into two sections. The first part looks at the way in which many high stakes tests have been introduced for reasons of political expediency rather than educational benefit. It examines the consequences of using tests in this way and suggests that when tests are used as disciplinary tools their introduction leads to a narrowing of the curriculum rather than an improvement in learning. The second part of the paper examines the introduction in Hong Kong of the Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers in light of the earlier discussion and suggests that a number of questions need to be addressed if the assessment is not to have the reverse effect to that intended by the Education Department. Exit-tests: Is there an alternative? Vivien Berry and Jo Lewkowicz The University of Hong Kong Abstract This paper examines the major issues relating to the introduction of an assessment of English language proficiency for students prior to graduation from tertiary education. It looks at the on-going debate relating to the introduction of an exit language test and considers possible alternatives to formal standardized tests for reporting on language proficiency. It then describes a small-scale pilot study, carried out at the University of Hong Kong, which set out to discover students' views on the introduction of such an exit mechanism. The paper goes on to caution against introducing any mechanism of assessment without full consultation with the primary stakeholders of the test, that is, the students and employers who are eager to see language standards of graduating students improved. It concludes by suggesting how a valid and reliable reporting mechanism can be developed for students in Hong Kong, drawing on the current work being done on the assessment of Core Competencies and on the European Portfolio Project.This paper examines the major issues relating to the introduction of an assessment of English language proficiency for students prior to graduation from tertiary education. It looks at the on-going debate relating to the introduction of an exit language test and considers possible alternatives to formal standardized tests for reporting on language proficiency. It then describes a small-scale pilot study, carried out at the University of Hong Kong, which set out to discover students' views on the introduction of such an exit mechanism. The paper goes on to caution against introducing any mechanism of assessment without full consultation with the primary stakeholders of the test, that is, the students and employers who are eager to see language standards of graduating students improved. It concludes by suggesting how a valid and reliable reporting mechanism can be developed for students in Hong Kong, drawing on the current work being done on the assessment of Core Competencies and on the European Portfolio Project. Conflicting perspectives on the role of test preparation in relation to learning Tom Lumley and Bernadette Stoneman Hong Kong Polytechnic University Abstract This paper reports on the development of a Learning Package for a newly introduced test in Hong Kong, the Graduating Students' Language Proficiency Assessment (GSLPA)-English. This Learning Package which was designed for self-access use or for classroom teaching, aims to go beyond merely providing practice materials in the form of samples of test tasks. Instead it is intended to encourage students to take some level of responsibility for their learning, and view the test not merely as a barrier to be passed but as an opportunity to improve their proficiency in English. This paper examines reactions of students and teachers to the Learning Package during the piloting of the materials. Preliminary feedback suggests that while teachers are both supportive of the package and consider that the materials developed have excellent potential for use as teaching materials, students have a more complex set of reactions. These seem to be related partly to their level of English proficiency (cf. Lewkowicz, 2000), but have clear messages about their expectations of test preparation materials, as well as their attitudes to learning.This paper reports on the development of a Learning Package for a newly introduced test in Hong Kong, the Graduating Students' Language Proficiency Assessment (GSLPA)-English. This Learning Package which was designed for self-access use or for classroom teaching, aims to go beyond merely providing practice materials in the form of samples of test tasks. Instead it is intended to encourage students to take some level of responsibility for their learning, and view the test not merely as a barrier to be passed but as an opportunity to improve their proficiency in English. This paper examines reactions of students and teachers to the Learning Package during the piloting of the materials. Preliminary feedback suggests that while teachers are both supportive of the package and consider that the materials developed have excellent potential for use as teaching materials, students have a more complex set of reactions. These seem to be related partly to their level of English proficiency (cf. Lewkowicz, 2000), but have clear messages about their expectations of test preparation materials, as well as their attitudes to learning. Investigating the views of teachers on assessment of English language learning in the Singapore education system Christine Parimala Pelly and Desmond Allison National University of Singapore Abstract This study sets out to explore and characterise an important insider perspective, that of primary school teachers, on assessment in English language in Singapore and the impact of assessment on their experiences of teaching. A review of related literature focuses on the importance of research into teachers' views on curriculum and assessment issues, in addition to – and in the light of – their own classroom experiences. The present exploratory study elicits teachers' views on assessment in the form of questionnaire responses (n=58) and semi-structured in-depth interviews with four participants. Findings indicate, at least typically for this sample, that teachers are strongly aware of the prevailing examination culture; that they are not against formal tests in principle, but see the need to supplement them with other kinds of assessment; and that they are markedly divided and uncertain in their views of the efficacy of current tests. Besides pointing to the need for further research, the discussion brings out implications for teacher education, the role of assessment in the school and the wider culture, and participant involvement in initiatives for educational change. English language standards for schools in Australia and China: Finding the 'third place' Penny McKay and Rebecca Ferguson Queensland University of Technology Abstract The authors explore the possibilities for the application of principles that informed the construction of a set of ESL (English as a Second Language) standards for schools in Australia to the development of English Language standards for an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context. The specific EFL context under consideration is mainland China. Drawing on Kramsch's (1993) notion of the 'third place', and recognising the presence of cultural values and perspectives in all educational materials, the authors offer principles gained from experience in the construction of the NLLIA (National Languages and Literacy Institute in Australia) ESL Bandscales, for consideration in the development of EFL standards for the Chinese context. They recognise the need for professionals from mainland China to take up the principles, rather than the Australian materials, to develop EFL standards for the Chinese educational and cultural context.The authors explore the possibilities for the application of principles that informed the construction of a set of ESL (English as a Second Language) standards for schools in Australia to the development of English Language standards for an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context. The specific EFL context under consideration is mainland China. Drawing on Kramsch's (1993) notion of the 'third place', and recognising the presence of cultural values and perspectives in all educational materials, the authors offer principles gained from experience in the construction of the NLLIA (National Languages and Literacy Institute in Australia) ESL Bandscales, for consideration in the development of EFL standards for the Chinese context. They recognise the need for professionals from mainland China to take up the principles, rather than the Australian materials, to develop EFL standards for the Chinese educational and cultural context. Establishing writing benchmarks for primary and secondary English language teachers in Hong Kong Peter Falvey and David Coniam The University of Hong Kong and The Chinese University of Hong Kong Abstract Concerns relating to the English language proficiency of teachers in Hong Kong, expressed in Education Commission Report Number 6 (ECR6, 1995), provided the impetus for what has become commonly kn


By W. H. KELLOGG, M. D., Secretary and Executive Officer, California State Board of Health. Intelligent measures for the control of any communicable disease must of necessity depend upon a knowledge of the cause and mode of spread of that disease. We have learned much regarding influenza during the brief period that has elapsed since its appearance in pandemic form about September of last year, and the outstanding feature of our investigations and experiences with this disease are to the effect that we know virtually nothing at all about either its cause or its mode of spread. The most generally accepted view regarding its mode of transmission is that it is droplet borne and in the absence of any definite knowledge to the contrary this is, of course, the most plausible theory. Its rapidity of spread in some instances is so great that it is difficult to reconcile it altogether with -this view, but until more definite information is available it will be necessary to consider this probability in any control measures that we may institute. Among the measures that have been very generally applied and which I will mention briefly before considering any one of them in detail are: i. Reporting of cases. 2. Limitation of opportunities for contact and general association among persons, and this measure includes: (a). The isolation or quarantine of cases. (b). The closing of public gathering places, such as schools, churches, theatres, moving picture shows, public dances, etc. (c). The regulation of the hours for opening and closing of factories to p-re-


The hydrologic impacts of possible coal mining in the 900-square-mile Carboniferous Narragansett Basin in southeastern New England are described. Geophysical tests and hydrologic observations were made in thirteen 3-inch-diameter test holes which were 330 to 1,500 feet deep. Fractures and lithology, including graphite and coal, were identified and located from interpretation of geophysical logs. Ground-water levels measured in 1976-77 were less than 15 feet below land surface at all test sites. Specific capacities of the test holes to yield water ranged from 0.01 to 5.7 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown after short (2-5-hour) pumping periods. In a test hole in Halifax, Massachusetts, water levels showing drawdown caused by pumping nearby domesticsupply wells indicate that mine dewatering would reduce yields of private wells tapping bedrock. In test holes near Narragansett Bay, ground water was brackish, and water levels fluctuated with about one-fifth the magnitude of the tide in the bay. These conditions suggest that there is potential for a high 'rate of mine seepage from the bay. As a result of mining, the iron disulfide minerals, pyrite and marcasite, react with air and water to produce acid water containing iron. However, acid mine water is not expected to be as serious a problem in the Narragansett Basin as it is in the Appalachian coal fields. No marcasite and only small amounts of coarsely crystalline pyrite have been observed in the metamorphosed sediments of the basin.


We take a new, scenario-based look at evaluation in information visualization. Our seven scenarios, evaluating visual data analysis and reasoning, evaluating user performance, evaluating user exper...


During field studies of the behaviour of larvae in colonies of Malacosoma disstria Hbn., it was observed that two species of ants, Camponotus herculeanus ligniperdus (Latr.) and Formica fusca L., were common on the twigs of the small trees, Populus tremuloides Michx., on which the caterpillars were established. Ant nests were common near the bases of trees, and the worker ants climbed the trunks and moved along the branches either to forage or to tend aphid colonies. When the tent caterpillars were small, they were frequently attacked by the ants. There were two distinct types of attack: one the result of foraging by worker ants and the other the result of defence of aphid colonies by the ants.


A greener, self‐sustainable and integrated process has been proposed in this paper to produce syngas through chemical looping combustion (CLC) coupled bi‐reforming of methane (BRM) with CO2 for the first time. The proposed process scheme is advantageous in several folds, that is, it consumes two major greenhouse gases, overcomes the drawback of catalyst deactivation caused by coke formation and it can produce syngas gas with an H2/CO molar ratio of 2 as required for methanol synthesis processes. Further, integration of BRM with CLC, helps to fulfil the endothermic heat demand and CO2 feed requirement of BRM. Further, the process is made self‐sustainable with the incorporation of heat recovery and steam generation and power generation sections. Steady‐state plant‐wide models have been developed for the proposed integrated CLC‐BRM process using ASPEN Plus software and detailed thermodynamic analysis has been performed. Rigorous sensitivity analysis has resulted in 98.2% CH4 conversion, H2 and CO yields of 93.6%, 93.9% respectively with a syngas ratio of ≈ 2 at the bi‐reformer conditions of 850°C and 1 atm. The optimal steam and CO2 input flowrates for bi‐reforming of 1 kmol/hour CH4 are found to be 0.8 and 0.4 kmol/h respectively, which are fulfilled by CLC integration. The performance of the proposed scheme is further compared with a conventional bi‐reforming process that uses a combustor for energy supply. The results demonstrate the feasibility and potential pay‐offs of the CLC‐BRM scheme in terms of increased energy efficacy and eco‐friendliness.


In this paper, a research about the influence of the
position of a previously derived hole in the initial material
intended for drawing onto the drawing workability of the cold
rolled metal sheets is made. This influence is researched by
hydraulic drawing of round steel sheets with previously derived
holes on them. The research was made by drilling equal holes in
the center of the metal sheet plate and displaced from the center,
but placed in the main directions of the normal planar anisotropy
of the metal sheet. The goal is to proof that by changing the
position of the previous derived holes the processing of the cold
rolled sheets can be improved and that will help to solve
technological problems in the production when the method of
drawing pieces with previously derived holes in the initial
material is used.


Objective:To explore the effect of different frequency of electro-nape-acupuncture intervention on spatial memory capacity and pCREB1 and BDNF in the rat model of AD. Methods:50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: blank group;sham group;model group;treatment groups included 2 Hz group and 50 Hz group.Use feeding AlCl3 and intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose to prepare the model of AD."FENGCHI" and "GONGXUE" were selected for treatment by electric-nape-acupuncture groups with two frequencies,four weeks.Observe the spatial memory capacity by Morris water maze and the changes of pCREB1 and BDNF in hippocampus by immunohistochemistry laboratory investigation. Results:Compared with the model group,the spatial learning and memory ability of the rats in the 2 Hz group and the 50 Hz group improved significantly(P0.05).The positive expression of pCREB1 and BDNF in the hippocampus areas improved significantly(P0.05). Conclusion:Different frequency of elcetro-nape-Acupuncture can increase the positive expression of pCREB1 and BDNF,thereby improving the AD spatial memory capacity.


Accurate skin lesion segmentation is crucial for diagnosing and early therapy of skin carcinoma. However, it has been extremely challenging because of the different shapes and sizes of lesions and the blurred boundaries. Recently, many approaches to advanced medical image segmentation have been investigated, with the development of deep convolutional neural networks. However, few algorithms namely address these challenges while considering their real-time nature. For that, we propose CBANet, which is a lightweight network using the Strip Attention module (SA) and Multi-scale Balancing Attention module (MSBA) to improve UNeXt. SA passes the non-local context information obtained from the top of the encoder to the decoder layer for feature fusion, thus enhancing the information representation in each decoder layer. To enhance the local context information transmitted by the skip connection on the encoder and decoder, MSBA uses the predicted result of the adjacent previous layer in the decoder as a boot map to form the attentional feature maps corresponding to the three regions of the lesion, boundary, and background, respectively. Our proposed method is evaluated on public datasets of ISIC 2017 and ISIC 2018 dermoscopy images, showing excellent performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods while significantly reducing the number of parameters and computational complexity of the network.


In this paper grade implementation of technology was held FLUT, the results of this correlated with conventional technology where are the times of pipeline inspection are reduced compared to the conventional technology it held by the company, in addition to providing v more quality information about pipe before and after drilling. The cost-benefit financial indicator m evaluated for application of technology "full length ultrasonic technology" compared to conventional technology, very positive results have, ensuring profitability for the company inspector.


ABSTRACT We classify all filled groups of order for primes p,q, and n,m∈ℕ, as well as those of order 2pq for primes p and q, with 2<p<q. Our results confirm a conjecture of Anabanti, Erskine, and Hart for these examples of soluble groups.


This project examined how a group of advanced-level EFL students read articles on their smartphone to acquire new vocabulary which they later inserted in their essays on wikis. The aim of the study was (a) to explore the students' perceptions regarding learning vocabulary from their smartphone followed by the use of wikis to improve their writing skills; (b) to analyse how peer editing and feedback can help students towards grammar and vocabulary accuracy with a view to enhancing their writing skills. The twenty-one participants used a Google application on their smartphone to perform reading and vocabulary exercises before writing essays on the wikis, followed by peer editing and feedback. Data were gathered from two questionnaires, interviews and 168 essays. The findings suggested that positive learning took place throughout the development of the study. The smartphone was considered a convenient tool for reading and performing vocabulary exercises. Peer editing and feedback were deemed crucial towards grammar and vocabulary accuracy to enhance writing skills.


An external perspective suggests points of convergence and difference between the U.S. and Japanese approaches to quality assurance in higher education.


Discloses a process for producing ammonium nitrate, which comprises at least substantially of ammonia, steam and the oxidizing gas composed of a gaseous feed is exposed to the oxidation of ammonia oxidizing conditions producing nitric oxide and water vapor comprising reaction mixture . The reaction mixture was cooled in a heat exchanger (thereby oxidizing the nitric oxide), the water vapor is condensed, and the nitric oxide oxidation product with water of reaction is condensed and the condensed water absorbed to form nitric acid stream, wherein the reaction mixture is substantially All nitric oxide are converted to nitric acid. The nitric acid stream with a stream of ammonia to form the ammonium nitrate. Also discloses that when ammonium nitrate produced by the disclosed method itself (in any of its various possible forms).


This study is aimed to explore that the educational mission of the faith-community should nurture or set up the new consciousness of modern man in the post-information society. In tradition it has been recognized that the faith-community has focused on the development and nurture of the human beings by means of its proper education. However this research attempts to figure out that the faith-community should prefer to bring up the new consciousness of modern man as another mission of its education in addition to the faith development. As to speak, the great emphasis must be placed on the education of the faith community to parallel the formation of the new consciousness and the growth of the faith. In this sense, this paper is composed of three parts: firstly, the origin and function of the faith community which was risen from the early Christian Church in the perspective of the sociology; secondly, the dialectic relationship of the change of the consciousness of the individual to the development and change of the modern technological society, and its various characteristics; and thirdly, the definition and responsibility of the education of conscientization and the formation of the new consciousness which should be appropriated in the post-information society. Especially this paper is to represent the process of the socialization as the unique education of conscientization which Thomas H. Groome already inquired on the basis of John Westerhoff III. The latter shows up 'the religious socialization' or 'the enculturation of the faith' for the development of the individual faith in the faith-community. Simultaneously this paper is critically selecting the theory of the socialization to adopt the education of conscientization to the formation of new consciousness of modern man. Finally the kinds of new consciousness which should be formated in the faith community are presented as follows: firstly, the transcendent value system of the individuals to overcome the refracted consciousness of modern society which has influenced to the internet and cyber culture of modern society; and secondly, the consciousness of community which should be emerged form the conscious revolution of the post-information society.


Background. CYCLIN D1, a cell‐cycle control gene, recently has been shown to be identical to an oncogene alternatively known as BCL‐1 and PRAD1 and implicated in centrocytic lymphomas and parathyroid adenomas, respectively. PRAD1 complexes to the product of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor gene, an event followed by Rb inactivation. Squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix and vulva are gynecologic tumors in which human papillomaviruses have been implicated as an initiating event, and proteins derived from these viruses also complex with an inactivate Rb. Because of the overlap in some of the molecular processes mediated by human papillomaviruses and by the PRAD1 oncogene, the authors analyzed the PRAD1 (CYCLIN D1/BCL‐1) genomic structure and expression in vulvar and cervical squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.


Abstract In this paper we examine the electronic structure of benzo(b)thiophene and some of its substituted derivatives. The study is carried out using the data of photoelectron spectroscopy in conjunction with semi-empirical calculations (EHT. CNDO/S). The results thus obtained and analysed with a perturbational scheme allow a quite satisfying qualitative correlation between the nucleophilic reactivity of those compounds and the energies (and localization) of frontier orbitals.


Auriculotemporal nerve typically has two roots, encircling the middle meningeal artery, one anterior to it and another posterior to it as well as maxillary artery. The middle meningeal artery is largest of the meningeal arteries, ascends between the sphenomandibular ligament and lateral pterygoid muscle and traverses between the roots of the auriculotemporal nerve before entering the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum. The knowledge of the neurovascular relationships of the infratemporal region is significant in surgical practice. We present a case of unusual communication between the auriculotemporal nerve and inferior alveolar nerve together with an extraordinary change in relations with the middle meningeal artery. Some clinical implications that these relations may have on the development of the supplementary innervations and the surgical interventions in this region are discussed in this article.


For 5G, it will be important to leverage the available millimeter wave spectrum. To achieve an approximately omnidirectional coverage with a similar effective antenna aperture compared to state-of-the-art cellular systems, an antenna array is required at both the mobile and base station. Due to the large bandwidth and inefficient amplifiers available in CMOS for mmWave, the analog front end of the receiver with a large number of antennas becomes especially power hungry. Two main solutions exist to reduce the power consumption: hybrid beam forming and digital beam forming with low resolution Analog to digital converters (ADCs). In this paper, we compare the spectral and energy efficiency of both systems under practical system constraints. We consider the effects of channel estimation, transmitter impairments, and multiple simultaneous users for a wideband multipath model. Our power consumption model considers components reported in the literature at 60 GHz. In contrast to many other works, we also consider the correlation of the quantization error, and generalize the modeling of it to nonuniform quantizers and different quantizers at each antenna. The result shows that as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gets larger the ADC resolution achieving the optimal energy efficiency gets also larger. The energy efficiency peaks for 5-b resolution at high SNR, since due to other limiting factors, the achievable rate almost saturates at this resolution. We also show that in the multiuser scenario digital beamforming is in any case more energy efficient than hybrid beamforming. In addition, we show that if mixed ADC resolutions are used, we can achieve any desired tradeoff between power consumption and rate close to those achieved with only one ADC resolution.


A method of video coding for very low bit-rate channels, which is implemented using Cellular Neural Network Universal Machine, is presented in the following report. The presented method combines elements of a standard approach to video coding with elements of second generation video-coding techniques. Inter-fiame coding is performed using standard block-based motion estimation procedure, while intra-irame coding is based on vectorquantization approach. To satisfyconstraints imposed by very low bit-rate channel throughput, a number of bytes which were considered to be used for representing video sequence frames, wasassumed to be lessthan200. Simulations of the algorithm execution, based on actual CNN UM chip parameter values, show feasibility of using the proposed method for real-time implementationofvery low bit-rate video coding.


Abstract : An analysis is made of data obtained to determine the rate of settling, the movement along trajectories and the positions, extent, and distance from the source of surface concentration maxima of artificial aerosol clouds. The aerosol used consisted of luminescent particles of polymethylmethacryllate released into the atmosphere at various speeds and in various weather conditions. Analysis of these data indicates the following: for finely dispersed particles, introduced into the atmosphere in small concentrations or under experimental conditions in which the initial interaction of the particles with the atmosphere ceases almost immediately, the surface fallout concentration is maximum at a distance from the source and depends on the vertical coefficient of particle dispersion, when the initial volume of particles discharged is large, especially those dispersed from aircraft into an unstably stratified atmosphere, the surface concentration maximum is much closer. If the aerosol cloud settles fast enough, a second surface concentration maximum does not occur. (Author)


Abstract This article deals with a control system governed by a semilinear nonlocal fractional evolution inclusion with Clarke subdifferential and its optimal control. First we establish an existence theorem of the mild solution for the presented control system by applying the measure of noncompactness, a fixed point theorem of a condensing multivalued map and some properties of Clarke subdifferential. Moreover, under some mild conditions, we obtain a result on the existence of an optimal control to the presented control system. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the main results.


AbstractTo analyze the hydrodynamic difference between marine structures with and without narrow gaps, a two-dimensional fully nonlinear time-domain numerical wave flume is developed to investigate the hydrodynamics around multiple rectangular-box structures close to one another in waves. In the numerical model, the incident waves are generated by inner-domain sources such that re-reflection at the input boundary can be avoided. The fully nonlinear kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions are satisfied for the instantaneous free surface, and artificial damping is used for the free surface in the gaps to model the viscous effect. The proposed model is first validated against the experimental data for an isolated box and twin- and triple-box systems with narrow gaps. Then extensive numerical experiments are performed to compare the wave heights and wave loads on rectangular boxes with and without narrow gaps. The first comparison is made between the hydrodynamics of each individual box of a multiple-box sy...


This work presents an experimental investigation on vibration control of the active hybrid mount system for naval ships. To reduce unwanted vibrations, this paper proposes an active mount which consists of rubber element, piezostack actuator and inertial mass. The rubber element supports a mass. The piezostack actuator generates a proper control force and supply it to the mount system. To avoid being broken piezostack actuator, an actuator of the proposed mount is devised as an inertial type, in which a piezostack actuator is positioned between inertial mass and rubber element. Vibration control performances of the active mount system are evaluated via experiment. To attenuate the unwanted vibrations transferred from upper mass, the feedforward control is designed. In order to implement a control experiment, the active mount system supported by four active mounts is constructed. For realization of the controller, one-chip board is manufactured and utilized. Subsequently, vibration control performances of the proposed active mount system are experimentally evaluated in frequency domains.


For screening excellent lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to inhibit Escherichia (E.) coli (ETEC) K88, inhibitory activities of more than 1100 LAB strains isolated from different materials and kept in the lab were evaluated in this study. Nine strains with inhibition zone at least 22.00 mm (including that of hole puncher 10.00 mm) and good physiological and biochemical characteristics identified by 16S DNA gene sequencing and recA gene multiple detection, were assigned to Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum subsp. plantarum (5), L. fermentum (1), L. reuteri (1), W. cibaria (1) and E. faecalis (1), respectively. As investigated for their tolerance abilities and safety, only strain ZA3 possessed high hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation abilities, had high survival rate in low pH, bile salt environment and GI fluids, sensitive to ampicillin, resistant to norfloxacin and amikacin, without hemolytic activity and didn't carry antibiotic resistance genes, exhibited broad spectrum activity against a wide range of microorganisms, and antibacterial substance may attribute to organic acids, especially lactic acid and acetic acid. The results indicated that the selected strain L. plantarum subsp. plantarum ZA3 could be considered a potential probiotic to inhibit ETEC K88 for further research.


(57) Abstract: it can reduce the pollution sources when producing dye, vivid colors and with low water solubility, the two can increase the color yield by excellent substantivity functional blue reactive dyes It is provided. A bifunctional blue reactive dye with monochlorotriazine and acetoxyethyl sulfone represented by the following formula 1 as a reactive group. [Formula 1]


In recent years Fuzzy Wavelet Neural Networks (FWNNs) have been used in many areas. Function approximation is an important application of FWNNs. One of the main problems in effective usage of FWNN is tuning of its parameters. In this paper several different evolutionary algorithms including Genetic Algorithm (GA), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), Evolutionary Strategy (ES), Fast Evolutionary Strategy (FES) and variants of Differential Evolutionary algorithms (DE) are used for adjusting these parameters on five test functions. The obtained results are compared based on some measures by using multiple non-parametric statistical tests. The comparison reveals the superiority of some variants of DE in terms of convergence behavior and the ability of function approximation. Keywords– Fuzzy wavelet neural networks, function approximation, evolutionary algorithms, nonparametric statistical test


The present invention relates to a fail address detector. The fail address detector according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plurality of cam latch groups which is configured to store each of the fail addresses; and a comparison unit to determine if the fail address that corresponds to a comparison address is present among the fail addresses received from each of the plurality of cam latch groups. At that time, the plurality of cam latch groups share the comparison unit as a time division. [Reference numerals] (211) First cam latch groups; (212) Second cam latch groups; (21n) nth cam latch groups; (220) Comparison unit; (230) Repair address providing unit


The effective size of stratified samples. In this paper, the notion of effective size of a stratified sample is introduced, being defined as the total size of a stratified sample with optimum allocation over the strata that yields an estimate with the same sampling error as the sample concerned. The efficiency is defined as the ratio between the effective sample size and the actual size of the sample. This efficiency is rather low if allocation deviates considerably from the optimum. Furthermore we define the marginal rate of return by the increase in effective sample size divided by the increase in sample size in one or some of the strata in an optimally allocated stratified sample. Finally the substitution rate of return indicates by how many elements the sample size in the remaining strata can be reduced if the effective sample size is to remain unchanged. A practical example is afforded in which the variances in the strata are assumed equal.


Foreword, vi Preface, vii Acknowledgements, viii Abbreviations, ix 1 Ions channels and currents, 1 2 Electrophysiologic effects of cardiac autonomic activity, 38 3 Mechanisms of arrhythmias, 50 4 Sinus node dysfunction and av blocks, 67 5 Supraventricular tachycardia, 94 6 Differential diagnosis of wide complex tachycardia, 219 7 V entricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, 226 8 Sudden cardiac death and risk stratification, 369 9 Cardiac arrhythmias in patients with neuromuscular disorders, 388 10 Syncope, 394 11 Pharmacologic therapy of arrhythmias, 407 12 Electrical therapy for cardiac arrhythmias, 445 Index, 494


Abstract This paper discusses some results of a qualitative study that explored both student and educator viewpoints regarding the inclusion of spirituality in social work pedagogy. A grounded theory research methodology was used to analyze data obtained from semi-structured individual interviews completed with eighteen participants-eight educators and ten students. Data analysis uncovered the following pedagogical issues: delineating between spirituality and religion, the marginalization of spirituality, creating contexts for discussions about spirituality, making connections with theories and practices, and utilizing class exercises. The research analysis supports the need to become more intentional about including spirituality in social work pedagogy.


In this paper, we employ a VAR analysis to examine the nexus between military spending and economic growth in Sri Lanka which, due to the civil war there, has witnessed a significant increase in military spending over the last three decades while also recording healthy economic growth. The study finds that, compared with non‐military spending, military spending exerts only a minimal positive impact on real GDP. Over a 10‐year period, a 1% increase in non‐military spending increases GDP by 1.6%. In contrast, military spending only increases GDP by 0.05%, suggesting that the economic benefits for Sri Lanka from a sustained peace may be considerable.


The use in agriculture of the deferrized slag allows the development of some existing methods regarding the influence of the slag addition in the soil upon the plant growing and development. The proposed technology does not generate other pollution sources and it is efficient from the economic point of view, it can be implemented in practice either by the producers of such wastes or by other firms using deferrized slag. The use in other sectors of the steel shop slag leads to release the surfaces occupied by these wastes and to render them to the respective natural landscape, there takes place a reduction of the pollution degree in the regions having steel industry. The siderurgic industry produces a series of specific wastes (slags, iron scales, dust and furnace slime, electro filter dust from steel plants, et.) which are recovered in a very reduced proportion, the remainder being deposited in dumps and clarifying) settling ponds. Considering the iron contents and the fact that without recovery, they are a source of pollution for the environment (water, air, soil), there is a need to find solutions to process them, in order to be brought to a favorable state for use as raw or auxiliary material in the metallurgical field or in other sectors of economy. The most adequate solution adopted for ferrous waste extraction from slags is the electromagnetic ore, after a proper sequence of crushing and sorting of the slag. At the present moment, these slags are successfully used in siderurgy, agriculture and constructions. Processing steel plant slags is beneficial for environment protection, community and agricultural welfare as well as from the technical point of view: metallurgical slags are non- toxic materials, with physical and chemical properties that are similar to rocks, so they represent a viable alternative, sometimes preferable to the natural variants for usage in constructions. The activity of metallurgical slag processing meets the requirements of environment protection and the European Directives related to environment protection, stipulated in Law 73/2000, republished with the further alterations and completions. From this point of view, metallurgical slag processing aims, directly and indirectly, at two targets included in the community acquis: the control and reduction of soil pollution by using clean technologies involving the turning of metallurgical slag wastes into recycled materials to be used in several domains: road and railway construction, hydro-technical and civil constructions, in the cement, glass and refractory materials industry, as well as in agriculture (improving soil acidity and re-mineralizing it). According to the available data related to the slag dump at Buituri, the first deposits


Blue bird is taxi Company that has been dabbling in the world business of transporting many years and being firm taxi number one in Indonesia. Become the brand image make blue bird one step in front of all their competitor .Blue bird also has information systems that sophisticated, so that it could make a firm keeps create new innovation's. And has succeeded to grab the attention of public.Blue Bird does some marketing in order to maintain and increase the customer, This Company always full of computation. Blue bird can see the potential business growth and able to take potential business properly. This company is very observant to see business opportunities from year to year . For example from the sector of tourism industry, with many tourists both local and international, Make blue bird continue to provide transportation for comfortable and worthy of the holiday lovers. Not only in jakarta, Blue bird also operating in several other large cities. Blue bird is very proud and grateful because it can contribute to this nation. Need a long time and long struggle to establish the company with good image and quite well-respected in this country Need a long time and long struggle to establish the company with good image and quite well-respected in this country. Not only contributed in the sector of transportation but also in terms of absorption of labor in order to fulfill the demand that is increasing from year to year. All employees and the drivers was recruited in a process that is very tight so as to be firm obtain employees and drivers who competent and better, as well as responsible each other. The company blue bird is the best taxi company Indonesia, so get the brand image that both the community in Indonesia. But the blue bird must continue to improve the quality, because the more competitors, which will be a threat, so that the company still be the best taxi company, who continue to grow and contribute to this Country.


THOSE who have visited Kolkata, New Delhi, Amsterdam or New York will certainly acknowledge the effectiveness of metro rails in reducing travel time and saving travel costs. It has been a physical indicator of a city's pride in technology upgradation. Because of its high utility, city dwellers generally press their demand to have metro stations close to their residence and working place. However, the opposite is observed among the students of Dhaka University. They have been protesting the government's plan to set up a metro rail track across the campus, since the train will create undue noise pollution that will disturb the cultural and academic atmosphere of the university. In response, the government has expressed its inability to make adjustments to the current plan of the project as its implementation is going to be kicked off in next March. The government further argues that the rail track plan was finalised through consultation with the university authority.