Backgrounds: People with AIDS have an increased risk of developing
various bacterial infection such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Children
with AIDS have a better oppurtunity to TB relapse than children who are
not with AIDS. The appropriate management of HIV-associated TB in
children remains extremely challenging due to diagnostic difficulties,
multidrug resistant, the overlapping side effect profiles of anti-TB and
ARV, the complexity of drug-drug interactions and IRIS after initiation of
ARV.
Objective: To analyze the profile of antituberculosis drugs used in
tuberculosis infection with AIDS and to identify drug related problems
(DRPs) of antituberculosis drug.
Method: It was a retrospective study during period January 2013 to
December 2015 in children with AIDS ages 0 to 14 years receiving anti
tuberculosis.
Result and Discussion: Dose antituberculosis in intensive phase is FDC (R
75 mg, H 50 mg, and Z 150 mg) (1 x 1, 2, 3 and 4 tabs) po, FDC (R 37 mg,
H 37 mg, Z 111 mg) 1x¾ tab and FDC (R 90 mg, 60 mg H, Z 180 mg)
1x1,5 tab. Ethambutol dose is (1 x 110, 130, 200 and 400 mg) po. HES dose
is H 1x145 mg, 1x360 mg E and S 1x300 mg IM. Doses intermediate phase
is FDC (R 75 mg and H 50 mg. The problems that occur related to drugs is
a side effect of H which causes numbness or tingling of hands and feet,
RHZ cause hepatotoxicity and drug interactions of potential antituberculosis
(R) and the anti-retroviral (evavirenz, nevirapine, zidovudine).
Conclusion : Antituberculosis drugs use in children with AIDS were
isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in combination. Route
of administration of anti tuberculosis RHZE by oral and S by intramuscular.
The dose in children were adjusted to the weight of patient.
Keywords: Anti tuberculosis, Children with HIV, Tuberculosis


While the unique sensory system and neuroanatomy of amblypygids suggest that olfaction is important in their lives, to date no behavioral data exist to support this suggestion. To gain insight into...


The high massive transmission of COVID-19 occurs great numerous of mortality and morbidity. It is caused by low coverage of COVID-19 vaccinations that are continuously pursued by the Indonesian government. This can be identified by health promotion based on community self-efficacy as effective prevention of COVID-19 has not been fully implemented. Public understanding and perception of the prevention of COVID-19 are highly expected. Public confidence or known self-efficacy is needed in supporting COVID-19 vaccination.  This study aims to find out the relationship of community self-efficacy to COVID-19 vaccination at the Siak Hulu I Health Center in Kampar Regency in 2021. This was an analytic quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach to 209 participants which was taken by simple random sampling technique in Puskesmas Siak Hulu I. Based on the chi-square test result, it was found a relationship between self-efficacy and COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that a person has a high self-efficacy greater than 5 times more vaccination than someone who has low self-efficacy. It is recommended to increase self-efficacy through good and easy-to-understand health communication about COVID-19 vaccination in the community.


Intelligence and moral character are two chief aspects of human development, and the moral character plays more central or fundamental roles. Just for this, countries in the world have been emphasizing moral education without agreement since 1980s. With the economic development at high speed and social transformation, our country抯 school moral education meets with unprecedented challenges, and the outstanding problem is its actual effect. This article tries to dissect the reasons of lacking actual effect by analyzing the aims, methods, contents and evaluating standards.


Twice crops of rice a year appeared in the middle of the Edo era owing to the favorable climatic condition to make for the staple food. But a period of decadence set in the end of Edo era and early in the Meiji due to the poor cultivation and the difficulty of the gradeimprovement. Since the middle of Meiji at the first crop the Kinugasa-wasa had been planted from the end of March to the end of July and at the second crop the Hayakawa shu had deen planted from early in August to early in Novemder. And from early in Taisho the management has been kept eqilibrium. Those days the twice crops a year was cultivated on the seashore plains but early in Showa it has been limited to the Kochi-Aki Plain, due to labor problem.For the twice crops of rice a year the climatic condition is essetial. It can be cultivated by utilization of the possible-climate, optimatic climate and the sunshiny-hour for grow and distribution of the Typhoon. The latter is the direct motive especially. Topography is the second condition. In Kochi Prefecture the rice-farm is scanty due to the mountainious topography, so the intesity of the rice-farm is very high. This geve impitus to appearance of the twice crops of rice a year. But the grade is low, and the fertilizer and the lador are much required. So there is a tendenoy that the second crop has changed in to the realization crop. The agricultural management of the twice crops of rice a year is changing its areal character. The growing area was most large and the crop was high in 7-8th of Showa.


The iconography of emotions has probably never been thoroughly researched for the ancient Near East and ancient Egypt. Only in the Lexikon der Ägyptologie can an article about emotions be found,1 in contrast to the Reallexikon für Assyriologie. In newer biblical dictionaries like Das Neue Bibellexikon, the Anchor Bible Dictionary, the Calwer Bibellexikon or Herders Neues Bibellexikon no entry exists at all about emotions in general, though a few articles deal with specific emotions.2 In the Old Testament we do not really have a specific word that denotes feelings, emotions or affects in general. But certainly the ancient Israelites had feelings, as did the people from ancient Mesopotamia or ancient Egypt. We only have words in the Hebrew Bible for specific emotions. Yet emotions can be expressed not only in words but also in art. Hence the main question of my article shall be: Which kind of emotions could be expressed by art in ancient times? In other words, how did ancient artists express feelings? Since we have only very few artistic representations from the area of Syria and Palestine, especially for the expression of emotion, I will mainly work with material from the neighboring areas of Egypt and Mesopotamia. Nevertheless, the artisans from Syria and Palestine lived in the same cultural sphere. Generally it is easier to express emotion by language than by iconography. This is the same for ancient times as for our period. Today the emotion "love" can easily be expressed by the symbol of a heart or of two hearts linked together, but also by a kissing couple. While "love" can easily be shown, "jealousy" is much harder to indicate with iconographical symbols. But with the help of digital search engines like Google or oth-


This is the last in a series of three papers. The rst paper [3] discussed the modeling of conductive as well as convective ows of a single homogeneous substance through a homogeneous medium. The second paper [4] discussed the phenomenona associated with phase change, i.e., it discussed, from a bond-graphic perspective, phenomenona such as evaporation and condensation, solidi cation, melting, and sublimation. This third paper deals in particular with the diÆcult problem of modeling multi-element systems. Together they o er a general methodology for modeling thermodynamical phenomenona using true, rather than pseudo-, bond graphs. No quasi-stationary or ow-equilibrium assumptions were made, such that the models generated using the proposed methodology would be kept as general as possible.


The existing demographic and socio-economic factors in Vietnam create objective prerequisites for mass departure of citizens abroad, including for illegal migration. The main reasons for illegal migration are economic. Most of the migrants are residents of poor provinces of Central Vietnam, they tend to go to economically developed countries in Europe and especially to the UK. Illegal migration is controlled by transnational criminal groups that are involved in the recruitment. The effectiveness of countering illegal migration depends not only on the targeted work of the authorities of the SRV, but also on other appropriate measures at the national and international levels.


Objective:To investigate the clinical distribution and drug-resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii,and to guide the rational administration.Methods:72 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical samples were identified by Vitek-32 microbial evaluation instrument and performed drug susceptibility test,respectively.Results:Acinetobacter baumannii mainly causes infection of respiratory tract,and occurs most frequently in ICU.These strains were susceptible only to imipenem(87.5%),and the rate of drug-resistance to other antibiotics were all more than(70.0%).Conclusions:Acinetobacter baumanii is commonly seen in hospital acquired infections,and seriously resistant to many kinds of antibiotics except for Carbapenem.


With the prevalence of cloud computing, more and more data are outsourced to the untrusted cloud servers, which raises a security issue that how can data owners ensure the privacy of their data in cloud. A straightforward way is to encrypt the data before uploading, but it will face new challenge when data owners need to search on their encrypted data. Searchable encryption will help to solve this problem by enabling the cloud servers to perform searching for the data owners while not learning any information about the data and the searching criteria. Range query on large encrypted data set is one of the most difficult parts of searchable encryption. In this paper, we proposed a novel scheme which improves the security and avoids any false positive. And the evaluation shows that our scheme reduces client storage and remain efficiency compared with the existing schemes. Keywords-Searchable Encryption; Range Query; Cloud Security


In this paper a pressure based method is used for the numerical solution of two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations without dimension. SIMPLE, SIMPLER (SIMPLE Revised) and Vorticity- Stream function methods are compared from accuracy and convergence speed aspects and results are analyzed for standard CFD test case- Derived Cavity flow.


Abstract We analyzed relationships between presence and absence of seven amphibian species and characteristics of breeding ponds (physical, vegetation, substrate, spatial and surrounding habitat variables) at a protected montane area in Central Spain. We used classification trees for description and prediction of amphibian selection of breeding sites. Some factors identified in our models represent general preferences of the species, whereas others are consistent with demographic processes, including recent expansions and local declines of some species, that had been previously detected in the area. We discuss implications of a detailed knowledge of local habitat determinants for conservation.


logic of the fit of economic and demographic variables in political culture per se— does not diminish the continued and undeniable appeal of this concept. Marshaling evidence, ranging from survey research data to history with which he has notable familiarity, the author presents a complex case, which revolves around the view that the achievements of the Communist revolution have "been severely limited by the resistance of factors that are firmly embedded in the political culture" (p. 1). The evidence for his case is drawn from the relevant attitudes, data on economic performance, social problems, and the like, which are exhibited anew, if somewhat stereotypically, in The Good Soldier Svejk, that intrepid antiauthoritarian who copes with the absurdities of state behavior. The author perceives another component of the political culture—authoritarianism —primarily as being rooted in the political Right of the past. It is found within major segments of society, especially the working class, and, significantly, within the Communist Party, which enjoyed a degree of popularity in the past. But a distinctly egalitarian element is evident, and this is also important in shaping the Czechoslovak variant of communism. This bifurcation has influenced politics to this day, and it complicates the author's major point, namely, the view of Czechoslovakia as "the equivalent of a colony whose leaders have been coopted into the imperial elite" (p. 128), whose principal ideological orientation has been transmitted from Moscow. The prewar democratic system can be faulted for its unsuccessful response to its vexing minority, especially German, problems and to the status of Slovakia within the polity. The "resolution" of the German issue via the widely popular expulsion decided upon during World War II made Czechoslovak dependence upon the Soviet Union for guarantees of its security virtually inevitable. This aspect of CzechoslovakSoviet linkage cannot be attributed merely to Soviet designs, for the nearly three million expellees, supported by the Germans, constituted a genuine threat, though this diminished with time and the Helsinki Final Act of 1975. It is likely that the level of support for the regime is considerable, especially among the workers. And even an imperfect solution—the federalization of the system, appropriately seen as incomplete—may be quite satisfactory to the Slovaks. After all, they benefited immensely throughout the postwar period, and they registered gains in the post-1968 period. It is noteworthy that during 1968 their inclinations were not toward democratization and that there are virtually no Slovaks among the signers of the various Charter 77 documents. Developments such as these bring into question the character of the movement toward a new socialist pluralism in 1968, a theme extensively developed in this study. The role of the apparat in the push toward reform should not be overlooked, however. It is difficult to anticipate which issues will inform the agenda of the 1980s, but there is no doubt that the prism of Czechoslovakia's culture will shape the outcome, and part of that prism will have been that polity's new forces, which have emerged through the development pattern since 1948. Professor Paul's commendable study should be consulted by all concerned with the future of Czechoslovakia.


The prejudice and misunderstanding should not be avoidable if we survey female poems of Tang Dynasty in the cultural and historical background of the male-centered culture.Based on "The complex tone",the paper explores and depicts female poems of Tang Dynasty to explain emphatically two distinctions between the ideology and expressing method.First,female poems presented two kinds of different mentalities because of depending on or deviating from the male-centered culture.Second,poetesses were provided with two kinds of different tactics of expression on the basis of their soliloquy and conversation in order to promote mutual understanding.


Objective To explore if the body fuid factors participated in the fastigial pressor response and the rote of nucleus tractus solitarii played. Methods The ANP level of plasma while stimulating the fastigial nucleus of cerebellum induced a marked fastigial prssor respone were measured and the fastigial pressor resposne whether or not blocked by electrolytic lesions of NTS was observed.\ Results\ The blood pressure increased and the ANP level of plasma decreased when electrical stimulation of FN. After electrolytic lesions of NTS, the blood pressure and the ANP level of plasma did not change when electricaly stimulating FN.\ Conclusion\ The studies suggest that ANP plays a role in the regulation of the fastigial pressor response and this response maybe mediated by NTS.


Seeing the talker's articulatory mouth movements can influence the auditory speech percept both in speech identification and detection tasks. Here we show that these audiovisual integration effects also occur for sine wave speech (SWS), which is an impoverished speech signal that naïve observers often fail to perceive as speech. While audiovisual integration in the identification task only occurred when observers were informed of the speech-like nature of SWS, integration occurred in the detection task both for informed and naïve observers. This shows that both speech-specific and general mechanisms underlie audiovisual integration of speech.


Indianapolis experienced record levels of homicide in the mid-1990s. Officials decided to use a problem-solving strategy that modeled a successful program implemented in Boston. The Indianapolis Violence Reduction Partnership involved a coalition of criminal justice and community agencies using a problem-solving approach to violence. The strategic response included having multiple agencies respond to homicide incidents, directing resources to crimes committed by chronic offenders, and having notification meetings with high-risk probationers and parolees. This research focuses on two issues. First, we describe the impact on homicide. Second, we evaluate the effectiveness of the notification meetings. The results indicate that homicides declined, and the evaluation of the notification meetings shows that arrestees thought the criminal justice system was more effective at responding to crime, however, probationers/parolees were not less likely to recidivate compared to a matched control group. The implications for using problem-solving strategies to respond to homicide are discussed.


The experimental results on the development of a LC-based quasioptical notch filter with an electrically controlled rejection frequency operating in the range of 109−120 GHz are presented. At the optimal frequency of 113.14 GHz, the rejection depth as low as −37.4 dB at the bandwidth of 6.7 % and 0−3 V controlling voltage range are demonstrated. Applications of the developed device in single-pixel sub-THz imagers are discussed.


In his 2012 book God in the Age of Science? A Critique of Religious Reason Herman Philipse argues that all known deductive versions of the cosmological argument are untenable. His strategy is to propose a few objections to two classical deductive cosmological arguments. The first argument is from the impossibility of there being contingent entities that are the sufficient cause for the existence of a contingent entity. The second argument is from the impossibility of there being an infinite causal regress. In this article I argue that Philipse's attempt to write off all deductive cosmological arguments fails. Introduction A cosmological argument makes an inference from some broad empirical fact, such as that there are caused or contingent objects, or that there is something rather than nothing, to the existence of a first cause or necessary being, which is God. A distinction is often drawn between deductive and inductive cosmological arguments. In a deductive cosmological argument the conclusion that God exists follows logically from the premises. One kind of inductive cosmological arguments, namely arguments to the best explanation, argue that given the empirical fact in question the hypothesis that God exists is more likely to be true than any available alternative hypothesis. The development of deductive cosmological arguments has a long and rich history that goes back at least as far as Plato and continues until today. Nevertheless, in his book God in the Age of Science? A Critique of Religious Reason Herman Philipse needs no more than four pages to arrive at the sweeping conclusion that all known deductive versions of the cosmological argument are unsound or at least deeply problematic, so that proponents of the cosmological argument have no choice but to prefer inductive versions to deductive ones. 1 His strategy to arrive at this conclusion is twofold. First, he asserts that it seems that all existing deductive versions have been refuted in the existing philosophical literature (p. 223). Second, to support this assertion, he proposes a few objections to two well-known classical deductive cosmological arguments, namely (i) the argument from the impossibility of there being contingent entities that are the sufficient cause for the existence of a contingent entity 2 , and (ii) the argument from the impossibility of there being an infinite causal regress. 3 In this article I shall argue that Philipse's attempt to write off all deductive cosmological arguments fails. I start with his case against (i), followed by (ii). Philipse's attempt to reject the deductive cosmological argument from contingency The deductive cosmological argument from contingency as criticized by Philipse is formulated by him schematically as follows (p. 223): 1. A contingent entity exists (that is, an entity which we can suppose without contradiction does not exist), or a contingent event occurs [premise], 2. Each contingent entity or event has a sufficient cause [premise], 3. Contingent entities or events alone cannot constitute, ultimately, a sufficient cause for the existence of a contingent entity or the occurrence of a contingent event [premise], 4. Therefore, at least one necessary entity exists (that is, an entity which we cannot suppose without contradiction does not exist), or at least one necessary event occurs. And because it exists or occurs necessarily, it does not stand in need of an explanation [conclusion]. 6 Philipse holds that this argument is known as the standard modal cosmological argument (p. 223). However, in the literature another version of the modal cosmological argument can be found that is arguably more exemplary than (1)-(4). The example I have in mind is the modal cosmological argument typically attributed to Leibniz. Leibniz's argument takes there being a totality of all contingents as its point of departure, and arrives at the conclusion that there is a necessary self-explanatory being that is the ultimate cause of this totality. But let this pass. In what follows I focus on the argument that Philipse does criticize, namely (1)-(4). Philipse states that this argument is logically valid if we assume that every entity or event is either necessary or contingent. However, for the argument to be valid we must also assume that every necessary entity or event does not stand in need of an explanation. 7 By adding this further assumption (4) follows indeed logically from the premises. 8 Given that the argument is deductively valid, in order to refute the argument Philipse has to argue convincingly that at least one of the three premises is untenable. According to Philipse the first premise 'states an evident facet of experience, so that it is obviously true' (p. 223). Indeed, it would seem rather implausible to deny that the world contains at least one contingent entity or event. Surely we perceive a world that appears to be full of contingent entities and events. The first premise is thus an unproblematic observational datum. With respect to the second premise, Philipse admits that the well-known objection that quantum mechanics provides counter-evidence to it is not convincing because quantummechanical indeterminacy may well be an epistemological and not an ontological matter (p. 223). Here, I agree with Philipse as well. The objection he refers to is that according to quantum mechanics contingent elementary particles can come into existence without any reason at all, that is uncaused. However, this claim only holds if we accept upfront an indeterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics, such as the Copenhagen version, according to which randomness is an objective feature of reality itself. For if we were to accept a deterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics, such as the interpretation of David Bohm 9 or Heinz-Dieter Zeh 10 , according to which randomness is a feature of our microphysical theories instead of reality, it does not follow that contingent elementary particles can come into existence without a cause. Besides, one could argue that even in the case of an indeterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics contingent elementary particles do not pop into existence uncaused. After all, they originate from the quantum vacuum, which is a physical entity in itself, so that one can hold that these particles, although not having an efficient cause, have a proper material cause and are therefore not uncaused. Indeed, as William Lane Craig has rightly pointed out: Even on the traditional, indeterministic interpretation, particles do not come into being out of nothing. They arise as spontaneous fluctuations of the energy contained in the sub-atomic vacuum [...] Popular magazine articles touting [sub-atomic physics] as getting 'something from nothing' simply do not understand that the vacuum is not nothing, but is a sea of fluctuating energy endowed with a rich structure and subject to physical laws. 11 In order to repudiate the cosmological argument from contingency Philipse thus has no choice but to attack the third premise. And this is precisely what he does. He raises two objections to it. According to Philipse it is obvious that the sufficient cause of an effect can be contingent (p. 223). However, this might be obvious for an effect's proximate sufficient cause, but it is not obvious for its ultimate sufficient cause, which is what premise (3) is about. Philipse's other objection is that in fact causes cannot but refer to contingent entities or events. As he argues: If one explains causally an event E with reference to a cause C, what one means is that, ceteris paribus, if C had not occurred, E would not have occurred either, assuming there is no causal redundancy. Hence, it is essential to the very meaning of the word 'cause' that we can always suppose without contradiction that a cause C did not occur. All causal explanations must connect contingent facts or events. (p. 223) In what follows I show why this objection is untenable as well. Now, the conclusion that all causes are contingent only follows if he also accepts the principle that whatever can be supposed without logical contradiction is metaphysically possible 12 , so that C indeed cannot be necessary and therefore must be contingent. 13 Thus, although Philipse does not explicitly state this, we may take it that he is in fact committed to this principle, for else his objection would not be deductively valid. Besides, that he indeed holds to it is implied by the fact that he identifies the proposition 'A contingent item obtains' 14 in premise (1) with the proposition 'We can suppose without logical contradiction that the obtaining item does not obtain', and the proposition 'A necessary item obtains' in conclusion (4) with the proposition 'We cannot suppose without logical contradiction that the obtaining item does not obtain'. For, both identifications hold if and only if the aforementioned principle holds. 15 This can be verified by a straightforward derivation. I will only show that the principle entails the first identification. The rest of the derivation proceeds in the same manner. Assume the principle holds. Now, if we can suppose without contradiction that some obtaining item X does not obtain, then the principle entails that it is metaphysically possible that X does not obtain. Moreover, since X does in fact obtain it follows immediately that it is metaphysically possible that X obtains. But then X is by definition a contingent obtaining item. Vice versa, if X is a contingent obtaining item, then it is metaphysically possible that X does not obtain. But then it is also logically possible that X does not obtain. After all, metaphysical possibility entails logical possibility. Thus the principle indeed entails the first identification. It is interesting to note that Philipse limits his Lewisian 16 counterfactual analysis of causation to event causation only 17 , while in his rendering of the deductive cosmological argument from c


SUBMISSION GUIDELINES: This topic may be addressed historically, systematically, or through any combination of these two approaches. The winning essay will receive a prize of $1000 and, upon recommendation of the selection committee, be published in Inquiry. The author of the winning essay will also be brought to the University of Kentucky in the Fall of 2009 to present it. The winner of the first four annual Prize Essay Competitions were Sami Pihlström (University of Helsinki), Robert Guay (Binghamton University), Helder De Schutter (University of Leuven), and Herbert de Vriese (University of Antwerp) for their essays ''Recent Reinterpretations of 'The Transcendental' Revisited'', Inquiry 47: 3 (2004), ''The 'I's Have It: Nietzsche on Subjectivity'' Inquiry 49: 3 (2006), ''Nations without Nationalism'' Inquiry 50: 4 (2007), and ''The Myth of the Metaphysical Circle'' Inquiry 51: 3 (2008). The prize essay selection committee declared no winner in the fifth competition. Essays will be judged by a process of blind review. Submissions should be appropriately formatted for such a process, with the author's name and other identifying information appearing only on a separate cover sheet. Essays should be double spaced, in English, and no more than 8000 words in length. Past and present faculty and students at the University of Kentucky are ineligible to compete. Submissions should not have been previously published or submitted for publication. The deadline for submissions is March 1, 2009. Essays should be submitted in triplicate in typed (hard copy) form to Ms. Katie Barrett, Department of Philosophy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 405060027 USA. No electronic submissions please. Inquiry, Vol. 51, No. 3, 344, June 2008


The work presents the clinical and cytogenetic findings in a 16 year-old female-patient with Turnerian phenotype and 46 XX, del(X)(q 13 leads to q ter) caryotype. The authors discuss the difficulties of correlating the caryotype to the phenotype in X chromosome structural aberation cases.


Mould and cast often appear as separate and distinct stages of form and counter-form within a sequence of events. This might be a consequence of postproduction symbolisation, caused by attempts to fix the imprint through language, by singling out and arresting moments that are really part of flowing networks, or by an over-emphasis on resemblance and recognition.

I want to formulate an alternative approach: drawing on different examples of plaster moulds and casts, I will attempt to generate and present the imprint as an occurrence in the interstice forming a third, miraculous and highly generative ground in the preset that relates to mistakes, faults, disturbances, a breakdown of accountability and recognition, and in its failure to resemble, offers instead the possibility to accumulate into sculpture.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the estimation of surface currents directly on stripmap TerraSAR-X data, as an alternative to Along Track Interferometry. The algorithm relies on efficient baseband magnitude-based Doppler estimation, preventing the estimate from possible biases like azimuth ambiguities and strong target reflections. The validation of the algorithm is made with acquisitions over the Elbe estuary river in Germany and the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland.


The paper aims to examine the role of ties in the development of migrant businesses, through exploring how migrant entrepreneurs' ties influence the opportunity discovery, evaluation and exploitation in the host country. In order to do so, this paper critically analyse the relevant literature on migrant entrepreneurship and social ties published in selected English-language journals with the goal of developing a framework of research. This has resulted in a conceptual framework of understanding how ties influence the process of migrant entrepreneurship. As an outcome, this paper highlights the need to deeper understand the role of different types of ties in entrepreneurship, in the context of migrant businesses.


The Master thesis focuses on analysis and translation of Cedar Point Amusement Park's printed advertisements. The thesis provides comprehensive literature overview of works dealing with the topic of advertising in English and Czech respectively. The theoretical-practical provides semiotic analysis of verbal and pictorial means employed in selected representative samples and utilizes semiotic framework developed by Kress and van Leeuwen. The practical part includes translations and commentaries of the representative samples which are treated as semiotic units.


A simultaneous measurement technique for the velocity distributions and scholar distributions, e.g., pressure, temperature, and so on, has been proposed. It visualized the spatial distribution using the multi-purpose particles, which has been coated with pressure-sensitive dye. The proposed particle technique, called the PSParticle method, is a hybrid system combining the technologies of pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) and allows the particle velocity and oxygen distribution to be measured simultaneously. A luminescence lifetime-based imaging technique involving double frame imaging is introduced. The system is calibrated and demonstrated in application to measurement of the oxygen distribution in an air jet. The velocity distributions are measured using the PSParticle movement (PIV). Simultaneously, the oxygen fraction distributions are measured using the PSParticle intensity lifetime (PSP). Fig. 1. Timing chart for PSP/PIV Hybrid image. Fig.2 Example of measured data. (velocity and oxygen mole-fraction)


SiO2/ZnO water-soluble quantum dots were prepared by modification of(3-mercaptopropyl)tri-ethoxysilicane.The emission spectral peak of exciton fluorescence was raised by about 4 times in comparison with that of the quantum dots obtained by direct SiO2 deposit on ZnO without modification.The introduction of hydrosulfide group(HS-) on ZnO,renders the quantum dots good water solubility,unique fluorescent stability and anti-congregation even at higher NaCl concentration.The water soluble blue SiO2/ZnO quantum dots were also prepared by this method with some modification of the reaction conditions.The photogenic wavelength of this blue quantum dots was found to be 420 nm.The emission spectra were very symmetrical without obvious red tail.The full widths half maximum were only 46 nm.


In order to improve learning processes in ecology studies at high school and university levels, it seems to us very important to develop field projects with real biological communities. Empirical contact of the students with natural ecosystems will foster their awareness and will permit to understand deeply some of the main ecological concepts. We use in this work wall plant communities to train our pupils with field sampling methodologies and the application of some basic mathematical methods to show our pupils the importance in modern Ecology of quantification of ecological phenomena.


Abstract
We are studying several questions related to the use of physiologic simulation as teaching tools. Working in the context of actual laboratory instruction in a Medical Physiology course, we have defined a model for testing the efficacy of physiologic simulation for teaching. It was applied to the teaching of complex, quantitative electrophysiologic concepts. A pre-test/post-test paradigm showed that participation in a simulation lab can produce a highly significant improvement on an achievement test. Evaluation of the impact of a simulation session in acid-base physiology by comparing performance on a regular course examination between those who did or didn't attend this session showed no difference in achievement. We also describe efforts to extend a research-oriented simulation environment to educational research and practice by providing new features for controlling the learner's interaction. Further, the development of a suite of simulations for electrophysiology is outlined.


OBJECTIVE Lithocholic acid,which is a secondary bile acid,has been reported to be hepatotoxic and carcinogenic.It is metabolized by human cytochrome P450 3A(CYP3A)to form 3-ketocholanoic acid.A previous study suggests that vitamin E isomers(tocotrienols and tocopherols)are metabolized by CYP3 A.Given that substrates of an enzyme may competitively inhibit the enzyme,we determined whether alpha-tocotrienol,gamma-tocotrienol,delta-tocotrienol,tocotrienol-rich mixture(a mixture consisting of 25.7% d-α-tocotrienol,2.6% d-β-tocotrienol,28.6% d-γ-tocotrienol,8.4% d-δ-tocotrienol,25.6% d-α-tocopherol,and 4.3% d-α-tocomonoenol),and alpha-tocopherol inhibit human liver microsomal CYP3Aactivity,as assessed by the enzymatic conversion of lithocholic acid to 3-ketocholanoic acid and of testosterone to6β-hydroxytestosterone.METHODS Enzymatic formation of 3-ketocholanoic acid via lithocholic acid 3-oxidation was determined in pooled human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP3A4 and CYP3A5.Enzyme inhibition assay was conducted in a mixture containing potassium phosphate buffer(pH 7.4),human liver microsomes,NADPH,lithocholic acid,and various concentrations of a test chemical.The amount of 3-ketocholanoic acid formed was quantified by a novel,validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS-MS)method.RESULTS Lithocholic acid was metabolized to 3-ketocholanoic acid by human recombinant CYP3A4 and CYP3A5enzymes and human liver microsomes.Alpha-tocotrienol,gamma-tocotrienol,delta-tocotrienol,and tocotriernol-rich mixture,but not alpha-tocopherol,inhibited 3-ketocholanoic acid formation in human liver microsomes.Concentration-response experiments indicated that tocotrienol-rich mixture and delta-tocotrienol inhibited 3-ketocholanoic acid formation with IC50 values of 6.6±2.1μg·mL-1 and 19.0±1.0μmol·L-1,respectively.CONCLUSION Tocotrienols inhibited CYP3A-catalyzed lithocholic acid 3-oxidation but not CYP3A-catalyzed testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylation.This suggests that lithocholic ac


The crystal structure of the reaction product from moles of hexafluorobut-2-yneamd pme pf acetu;acetpmatp(cyclo-octa-1,5-diene)rhodium (I) shows that one molecule of C4F6 adds 1 : 4 to Rh (acac) ring.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railroad transport and can be used in dispatcher control systems. In compliance with propose method, data on current coordinates of locomotive is used in case track control hardware fails. Onboard control devices define their coordinates, proceeding from satellite data and that from locomotive control system. Dispatcher control station continuously monitors, via radio communication channel, serviceability of all control hardware components involved in locomotive dispatcher control. Dispatcher allows running on section with faulty track control devices with fault detectors. Said section passed, increased train speed is permitted. Note that continuous control over train coordinates is performed. Forced braking and stop signals are transmitted over digital radio communication channel. EFFECT: higher capacity. 1 dwg


The coral crab Carpilius corallinus (Herbst, 1783) is popularly known in Brazil as "Guaja", which is widely distributed in tropical marine areas, associated with coral reefs in costal zones. C. coralinus occurs in Brazilian waters with disjoint distribution, covering the States from Ceara to Alagoas, with specific records in States of Bahia, Sao Paulo, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Rocas Atoll. Here, we report the northernmost record of C. coralinus, from State of Para with its occurrence on Great Amazon Reef System (GARS). Was collected one male specimen as bycatch in artisanal fisheries on Amazon River Mouth (01°24'55.008"N; 046°39'58.86"W) at depth of 76.2 m. This record fills the gap on distribution of C. coralinus in Brazil, and increase number of crabs species occurring in Great Amazon Reef System (Para). Keywords : Amazon River Mouth; Coral associated crab; North coast; State of Para; Artisanal Fisheries.


Inflammatory myopathies or myositides represent a group of severe skeletal muscle diseases characterized by muscle weakness, elevation of serum creatine kinase levels and muscle inflammatory cell infiltrates. Despite the contribution of a growing number of myositis-specific autoantibodies and the existence of characteristic dermatological features in dermatomyositis, the definitive diagnosis of myositis requires pathological examination of a muscle biopsy [1, 2]. To limit false negatives, this biopsy should be performed in an area of active disease [2]. In this context, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained interest since T1-weighted images are able to determine muscle damage such as atrophy, fatty infiltration and their distribution [3, 4] while T2-weighted images help to detect edema and thus may inform on the activity of the disease, i.e. muscle inflammatory infiltrates. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The surface water migration pathway, soil exposure and subsurface intrusion pathway, and air migration pathways were not scored in this Hazard Ranking System (HRS) documentation record as they are not expected to contribute significantly to the overall Site score as noted below. The subsurface intrusion component of the soil exposure and subsurface intrusion pathway is of concern to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and may be considered during a future evaluation.


Brain-computer interface(BCI) is one kind of techniques on which more and more interest has been put by the international researchers recently.By using electroencephalogram,BCI establishes the interfaces between human and computer,in which motor imagery is an important experimental paradigm.In this paper,the dataset from BCI Competition II is analyzed using the algorithm designed through common spatial pattern filter,continuous wavelet transform decomposes,then to use the Tweighted extraction final characteristic,and using support vector machines to design the classifier.By means of the above approaches,better classification results are obtained.The result on testing set revealed an accuracy of 89.3% for classification.


The problem within the River Grove Police Department is that the majority of our leadership is getting close to retirement and there is minimal leadership training available for our patrol officers that will soon fill those leadership roles. Action research with the River Grove Police Department explored this problem. Utilizing a foundation of theoretical framework based upon followership, career development, and leader-member exchange three objectives were identified and accomplished through this research. This research identified that there was not a positive linear relationship between followership typology, age and years of experience groups. It also identified if there was a perception among officers that an understanding of followership and the type of follower that they currently are will help in their career development. The research gave participants a tool and knowledge that can potentially help with their career development.


In this work, we present a high‐reliability gate driver on array (GOA) for a 10.7‐in. HD (1,280 × RGB × 720) TFT‐LCD panel, featuring an alternatively double‐sided noise‐eliminating function. The gate driver circuit is designed with 12‐phase clock signals that exhibit 75% signal overlapping, threshold voltage recovering, and double‐sided driving schemes. The double‐sided driving scheme reduces the number of mental wires and TFTs in the gate driver circuit, resulting in a smaller layout area for GOA. By utilizing dual levels of voltage, we implemented a negative gate bias method to mitigate threshold voltage shifts for the noise‐eliminating and driving TFTs. This prevents the noises from clock signals effectively. The reliability test of the proposed GOA with 720 stages passed a strict testing condition (90°C and −40°C) for simulation and exhibited good performance over 800 hours at 90°C for measurement.


Over an arbitrary compact complex space or an arbitrary germ of complex space X , we provide fine resolutions of pure Hodge modules with strict supports ICX(V) via differential forms with locally L boundary conditions. When V = CXreg is the trivial variation of Hodge structure, we give a solution to a Cheeger-Goresky-MacPherson type conjecture: For any compact complex space X , there is a complete hermitian metric ds on Xreg such that there is a canonical isomorphism H (2)(Xreg, ds ) ≃ IH(X), ∀i. Such metric ds could be Kähler if X is a Kähler space. As an application, we give a differential geometrical proof of the Kähler package of the hypercohomology of pure Hodge modules. We also prove the Kähler version of Kashiwara's conjecture in the absolute case.


Introduction: One best HOPE for humanity meeting SDG targets is to give building site owners MORE OPTIONS. Today's cities typically TRAP URBAN DWELLERS in the local housing type with NO ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY! This paper proposes a NEW CITY INFRASTRUCTURE with neighborhood modules of completely flexible, large two-story totally private development sites suitable for any typical urban business or 1 to 4 homes. Entrepreneurial urban dwellers may pursue any enterprise, an amazing new economic resource for individuals and cities. These vacant building sites will be built in a permanent (1000+year) multi-story infrastructure. Flexibility of space and utility raceways allow continual updating for continually changing objectives and new technology to meet SDG's. Locals complete their city and transit link. It will function as a permanent, autonomous, Self-sustaining, compact, efficient, adaptable dwelling and farming system. Methods: Designing, building, market testing and worldwide research over 40 years proved the need for this proposal. Inspiration: Ancient stone structures occupied for hundreds of years. Flexibility and privacy make a permanent infrastructure practical. "Continual-use" reduces future housing costs 70%. This infrastructure stimulates remarkable new ownership and financial arrangements for all income levels. Results: Long term success of SDG targets ultimately depends on individuals. Options give hope and more control over their property and future. Flexibility encourages incentives to improve and increase ownership equity. This design's hillside village qualities of dwellings overlooking daily life on their neighborhood plaza will generate common bonds overlapping many generations. Total privacy, flexibility, backyard gardens and incentives encourage entrepreneurs, combining talents, sweat equity, Self-employment, pride and hope! Conclusion: In some locations the need is already desperate. The only logical conclusion: Immediately build, test and refine this proposal. Many modules together become a city, living areas above floods, capable of reducing CO2 and totally eliminating fire or climate risk. Implementing this new urban flexibility will revolutionize future human habitats and the life of every person. Test it, discover new SDG guidelines.


The present invention is represented by the compounds of the disclosed formulas herein (I) or (II), a pharmaceutical composition comprising a solid dispersion of the drug. In the composition, the drug is substantially amorphous material.


Monsoon onset is one of important characteristics of southwest monsoon which directly influence to Thailand's water management and agricultural planning. Most of total rainfall amounts in Thailand are provided by the monsoon. Weather Research Forecasting model (WRF) was used as a tool to simulate dialy total rainfall, upper and lower horizontal winds over current period (1990-1999) and future period (2030-2039). These variables are analyzed to study southwest monsoon onset change over Thailand. The simulations show that average monsoon onsets during 1990s and 2030s are in 13th and 20th May, respectively. Standard deviations for the onset were 3 days and 4 days for current and future period, respectively.


How do you tell the story of a man at the stillunfolding centre of the world's most sensational legal controversy? Director Robert Connolly and producer Helen Bowden spoke with Jo Dillon about Underground, their foray into the youthful development of Julian Assange.


Axial algebras are non-associative algebras generated by semisimple idempotents whose adjoint actions obey a fusion law. Axial algebras that are generated by two such idempotents play a crucial role in the theory. We classify all primitive 2-generated axial algebras whose fusion laws have two eigenvalues and all graded primitive 2-generated axial algebras whose fusion laws have three eigenvalues. This represents a significant broadening in our understanding of axial algebras.


In this study, 52 asymptotic Curve Number (CN) regression equations were developed for combinations of representative land covers and hydrologic soil groups. In addition, to overcome the limitations of the original Long-term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) model when it is applied to larger watersheds, a watershed-scale L-THIA Asymptotic CN (ACN) regression equation model (watershed-scale L-THIA ACN model) was developed by integrating the asymptotic CN regressions and various modules for direct runoff/baseflow/channel routing. The watershed-scale L-THIA ACN model was applied to four watersheds in South Korea to evaluate the accuracy of its streamflow prediction. The coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values for observed versus simulated streamflows over intervals of eight days were greater than 0.6 for all four of the watersheds. The watershed-scale L-THIA ACN model, including the asymptotic CN regression equation method, can simulate long-term streamflow sufficiently well with the ten parameters that have been added for the characterization of streamflow.


System engineering development methods and automation techniques are required to manage the complexity inherent in the design of large computer based systems and to provide an efficient means for reusing the system by means of inheritance.Growing interest is being shown in operational models, i.e. models that can be executed using a suitable support environment. Most operational models are graphical and can be considered as high-level programs which are developed using high-level modeling languages. Generally speaking, while the OO approach has reached a good maturity at the programming level (although differences in individual languages are not negligible) there is no clear consensus on how it can be extended to the design and analysis phases.These artificial discontinuities can be eliminated if a single modeling language is used which is operational. The operational approach eliminates the scope and semantic discontinuities in the development process by using a single, integrated, formal set of modeling abstractions to create a given executable model.It was to address these problems and provide advanced software architectural features, that O3ML was developed by us. Combining the concept of Operational, OO and Modeling we get a modeling language which we refer to as Operational Object-Oriented Modeling Language (O3ML) that provides the basic vocabulary used to express both domain knowledge and prototyping ideas.


A case for structural equation modelling (SEM) in educational technology research was made by Teo (2009) who reviewed all full‐text papers published in BJET from 2000 (volume 31, number 1) through 2009 (volume 40, number 3). From this body of works, only five papers were found to have employed SEM as the research framework. Despite the advantages of SEM in social science research, its use in educational technology research is low relative to those in psychology, management sciences and sociology. The aim of this colloquium piece is to highlight issues in SEM and offer guidelines on how potential users may approach SEM.


Objective: Continuous renal replacement therapy is the most often implemented dialysis modality in the pediatric intensive care unit setting for patients with acute kidney injury. However, it also has a role in the management of patients with nonrenal indications such as clearance of drugs and intermediates of disordered cellular metabolism. Measurements and Methods: Using data from the multicenter Prospective Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Registry, we report a cohort of pediatric patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy for nonrenal indications. Nonrenal indications were obtained from the combination of "other" category for continuous renal replacement therapy initiation and patient diagnosis (both primary and secondary). This cohort was further divided into three subgroups: inborn errors of metabolism, drug toxicity, and tumor lysis syndrome. Results: From 2000 to 2005, a total of 50 continuous renal replacement therapy events with nonrenal indications for therapy were included in the Prospective Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Registry. Indication-specific survival of the subgroups was 62% (inborn errors of metabolism), 82% (tumor lysis syndrome), and 95% (drug toxicity). The median small solute dose delivered among the subgroups ranged from 2125 to 8213 mL/1.73 m2/hr, with 54%–59% receiving solely diffusion-based clearance as continuous venovenous hemodialysis. No association was established between survival and dose delivered, modality of continuous renal replacement therapy, or use of intermittent hemodialysis prior to continuous renal replacement therapy. Conclusions: Pediatric patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy for nonrenal indications are a distinct cohort within the population receiving renal replacement therapy with little published experience of outcomes for this group. Survival within this cohort varies by indication for continuous renal replacement therapy and is not associated with continuous renal replacement therapy modality. Additionally, survival is not associated with small solute doses delivered within a cohort receiving >2000 mL/1.73 m2/hr. Our data suggest metabolic control is established rapidly in pediatric patients and that acute detoxification may be provided with continuous renal replacement therapy for both the initial and maintenance phases of treatment using either convection or diffusion at appropriate doses.


The invention belongs to the field of solid waste recycling, and particularly relates to an in-situ nitrogen removal method used in sludge high-solid anaerobic digestion biogas slurry. The technological method comprises the steps that sludge enters a high-temperature (55-60 DEG C) or intermediate-temperature (35-37 DEG C) anaerobic digestion unit at the solid content of 10%-15%; after the digested sludge biogas slurry is dehydrated, liquid supernatant enters an aerobic biological treatment unit, and ammonia nitrogen in the liquid supernatant is converted into nitrate nitrogen; biological treatment outlet water flows back to enter an anaerobic digestion system, the environment and carbon source of the anaerobic digestion system are used for achieving denitrification, and the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen. The liquid supernatant which flows back to the anaerobic digestion system can be used as diluent of feeding sludge of the anaerobic digestion system in itself, the feeding sludge of the anaerobic digestion unit is diluted to be at the solid content of 10%-15%, and diluting water is saved. According to the technology, the nitrogen removal process is simple, in-situ nitrogen removal is achieved in the anaerobic digestion technological process, capital expenditure and land occupancy are reduced to the greatest extent, and operating is easy and feasible.


Rating-scale evaluations are common in NLP, but are problematic for a range of reasons, e.g. they can be unintuitive for evaluators, inter-evaluator agreement and self-consistency tend to be low, and the parametric statistics commonly applied to the results are not generally considered appropriate for ordinal data. In this paper, we compare rating scales with an alternative evaluation paradigm, preference-strength judgement experiments (PJEs), where evaluators have the simpler task of deciding which of two texts is better in terms of a given quality criterion. We present three pairs of evaluation experiments assessing text fluency and clarity for different data sets, where one of each pair of experiments is a rating-scale experiment, and the other is a PJE. We find the PJE versions of the experiments have better evaluator self-consistency and inter-evaluator agreement, and a larger proportion of variation accounted for by system differences, resulting in a larger number of significant differences being found.


Carbon nanotube/silver (CNT/Ag) nanocomposites include CNT volume fraction up to 10 vol.% were prepared by chemical reduction in solution followed by spark plasma sintering. Multiwalled CNTs underwent surface modifications by acid treatments, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data indicated several functional groups loaded on the CNT surface by acid functionalisation. The acid-treated CNTs were sensitised and activated. Silver was deposited on the surface of the activated CNTs by chemical reduction of alkaline silver nitrate solution at room temperature. The microstructures of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were investigated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results indicated that the produced CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders have coated type morphology. The produced CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were sintered by spark plasma sintering. It was observed from the microstructure investigations of the sintered materials by HRSEM that the CNTs were distributed in the silver matrix with good homogeneity. The hardness and the tensile properties of the produced CNT/Ag nanocomposites were measured. By increasing the volume fraction of CNTs in the silver matrix, the hardness values increased but the elongation values of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposites decreased. In addition, the tensile strength was increased by increasing the CNTs volume fraction up to 7.5 vol.%, but the sample composed of 10 vol.% CNT/Ag was fractured before yielding.


Abstract Tropical Pacific SST hindcasts are examined in the Zebiak and Cane (Lamont), Latif (MPIZ), Oberhuber (OPYC), and GFDL ocean models, each forced by the same wind-stress fields over the 1970–85 time interval. Skill scores reveal that, although all the models exhibit significant skill, the regions where the skill is maximized differ from model to model. The simplest model (Lamont) has maximum skills in the eastern basin near the boundary while the three GCMs have maxima in central Pacific regions. We also examine, via canonical correlation analysis (CCA), the heat budgets of the surface layers of the Lamont, MPIZ, and OPYC models. We find that although similar spatial relationships exist for the mechanisms that excite SST anomalies (i.e., zonal advection, meridional advection, and vertical advection/mixing), the balance of the strength of them terms is different for each model. Vertical advection tends to control the large-scale structure of SST in the Lamont model, meridional advection provides the...


The provision of recreational facilities in South Africa has been receiving considerable attention as a significant part of the character of a planned community. This is due to their value in contributing to the on-going economic vitality of communities throughout the country in areas of tourism, revenue producers for entrepreneurs and recreational spaces within natural resources. This realization has placed a mammoth task on authorities within the local sphere of government. Municipalities are at the epicenter of the both the provision of these facilities in terms of availability of resources, quality and accessibility of these facilities by local communities. To ensure that these facilities contribute to the strategic value and a direction of sustainable recreational services, this article presents the results of a study conducted within Tshwane Metropolitan Municipal area in predominantly / underdeveloped communities. A case study design research paradigm was designed for this study in which data was collected through survey questionnaires, official reports and archival documents. What the study revealed is the incongruence of the officials' views as against the communities' expectations. The recommendations are presented to effect alignment of this challenge.


Familiarity with disorders of platelet function is important, as these defects are common causes of clinical bleeding, are common reasons for referral regarding unexplained bruising, and constitute the most common nontechnical cause of surgical hemorrhage. This article reviews the congenital, acquired, and drug-induced platelet function defects with which clinical and laboratory personnel should be familiar.


The utility model discloses a rear axle drive assembly of an electric vehicle. A power output end of a gear speed changer is in transmission fit with a power input end of a differential mechanism; and power is correspondingly output to a left wheel axle and a right wheel axle through a left half axle and a right half axle of the differential mechanism. According to the rear axle drive assembly, the power is directly input to the differential mechanism by a speed change drive assembly, a speed change system and a drive assembly are mounted on a rear axle, the structure is simple and compact, the transmission efficiency is more obviously improved as a transmission chain is shortened, the transmission interference caused by vibration is avoided due to better integrity, a formed product is directly applied to three-wheeled electric vehicles and four-wheeled electric vehicles, and the rear axle drive assembly is better suitable for small electric vehicles due to better integrated performance; meanwhile, the power output is reasonably distributed when the electric vehicle runs on the flat road or the slope due to the adoption of a gear speed change system; and compared with the prior art, the power consumption in the climbing process is reduced, the motor power is fully utilized when the electric vehicle runs on the flat road, and the usage cost is reduced while the purposes of energy saving and environmental protection are achieved.


Groundwater contamination due to nutrient contamination from inefficient fertilization processes can reduce oil palm productivity. In overcoming this problem, a simple and low-budget fertilization method, namely trunk injection, was applied to maintain the productivity of oil palm plants and was environmentally friendly. Therefore, trunk injection as a simple method was applied to increase the quantity and quality of the bunch average weight of palm oil to support the sustainable management of groundwater availability. The research was conducted from April 2019 to April 2020. The location of the oil palm plantation is in the Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. The nutrients used as a nutrient solution consist of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Mo. Bunch Average Weight (BAW) wasmeasured 7, 8, and 9 months following application with 15 x harvest rotations. The distribution of data for 15 times of BAW rotation showed that the standard deviation, standarderror, and range in the trunk injection treatment tended to produce a more sloping graph than what occurred in the control subjects. Nutritional injection tended to increase the BAW weight in contrast to trees without nutrient injection (control).


The present invention discloses a method for transmitting channel information, apparatus and system belongs to the field of wireless communications. Channel information obtaining method comprising: a beam beamformer request receiver acquires channel information transmitted within a first length of time of the current TXOP; and if not the beamformer receiving the channel length of the current time of the first transmission opportunity TXOP information; if the TXOP obtain a second beamformer, the transmission channel information indicating the channel information request frame, and sent to the receiver beam receiver channel information in the second TXOP. The system includes a beamformer and beam receiver. The present invention saves power overhead signaling resource beamformer and beam receiver.


The aim of this article is to describe the most important conditions and implications that characterise relations between Russia and Libya from the Arab Spring to the present day. The main thesis of this article assumes that the Kremlin is striving to play a significant role in the Middle East, seeing this as an opportunity to depreciate the importance of the United States, which Russia treats as its main political opponent in Europe. I have decided to present this topic as a result of the discussions in the scientific discourse on the instruments with which the Russian Federation wants to strengthen its political position in the Middle East and North Africa. Initially, this article discusses the relations of the two entities from the end of World War II to the outbreak of social protests in the Middle East in 2011, focusing on their contacts during the Cold War. Later in this article, the mutual ties between the countries after the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi and the increased involvement of the Kremlin in the Libyan issue are described. Additionally, the article presents the goals of the growing activity of the Russian authorities in Libya from 2014 to 2018, as evidenced by the support of Russian politicians for General Khalif Haftar's actions and the presence of the Wagner group aimed at supporting him. In this context, it is indispensable to mention the importance of the events in Syria for the strategy adopted by Moscow in the Libyan conflict. Moreover, the article tries to trace the rivalry between Russia and Turkey in Libya, which has been growing stronger in 2019 and 2020, by analysing its broad international context. The issue of economic contacts between Moscow and Tripoli is also worth attention. In conclusion, the article attempts to answer the question of whether the Russian Federation' activities in Libya should be expected to intensify in the near future in the era of the progressive coronavirus pandemic and whether the global position of the United States should be expected to weaken.


The U.S. dominance of the international television marketplace has long been a central focus for media scholars and policy leaders concerned with television's impact on national culture. Thus, research on the export of U.S. television programs has focused almost exclusively on its "one-way flow," and relatively little scholarly attention has been devoted to how programming from abroad fares in the United States or to how U.S. dominance in the global arena is affected as the industry adapts its products for export. This article contributes to the theoretical and empirical "opening up" of the cultural imperialism approach by considering how the U.S. television industry is influenced by program trends from abroad. In particular, it examines the impact of Latin American telenovelason the U.S. daytime soap opera genre in the context of shifts during the past decade in the demographics of the U.S. population and changes in the practices and tastes of television audiences.


Federated learning preserves the privacy of user data through Machine Learning (ML). It enables the training of an ML model during this process. The Healthcare Internet of Things (HIoT) can be used for intelligent technology, remote detection, remote medical care, and remote monitoring. The databases of many medical institutes include a vast quantity of medical information. Nonetheless, based on its specific nature of health information, susceptibilities to private information, and since it cannot be pooled related to data islands, Federated Learning (FL) offers a solution as a shared collaborative artificial intelligence technology. However, FL addresses a series of security and privacy issues. An adaptive Differential Security Federated Learning Healthcare IoT (DPFL-HIoT) model is proposed in this study. We propose differential privacy federated learning with an adaptive GBTM model algorithm for local updates, which helps adapt the model's parameters based on the data characteristics and gradients. By training and applying a Gradient Boosted Trees model, the GBTM model identifies medical fraud based on patient information. This model is validated to check performance. Real-world experiments show that our proposed algorithm effectively protects data privacy.


It discloses a method useful for providing information useful for diagnosis of gastrointestinal abnormalities, and ingestible devices useful for providing information useful for diagnosis of gastrointestinal abnormalities.


In this paper, we compare the average energy efficiency (EE) of massive MIMO system and small cell network (SCN) under the conditions of identical user density, antenna density and data rate requirements, where the uplink and downlink training overhead as well as multi-cell power control are taken into account. Our analysis shows that the average transmit power of SCN decreases faster than massive MIMO as the antenna density increases. Moreover, massive MIMO achieves a higher average EE than SCN if its power consumption except the power for transmitting data is very low or the data rate requirement is very high. Considering that in SCN with large number of base stations (BSs) the opportunity for turning some BSs into idle mode is higher, massive MIMO exhibits higher EE only if its circuit power of each active antenna is lower than that for each antenna at an idle small BS. If antenna idling is allowed for massive MIMO, massive MIMO will be more energy efficient than SCN when the former has smaller circuit power for each idling antenna.


Abstract Human designers often adopt strategies from previous similar cases to guide their search in new design tasks. We have developed an approach for automated design strategy capture and reuse. That approach has been implemented in DDIS, a prototype structural design system that uses a blackboard framework to integrate case-based and domain-based reasoning. Plans, goals, and critical constraints from user-selected previous cases are combined with case-independent reasoning to solve underconstrained parametric structural design problems. This article presents a detailed example of design strategy recording and reuse in base plate design for electrical transmission poles.


The study was conducted to compare two plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for rainbow trout on the basis of feed acceptability, survival, growth, feed conversion, nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency and loading. Two extruded diets were formulated with the inclusion of a soybean meal (DS) and a lupin meal (DL). The control diet was a fish meal (FM) based diet. All diets were isonitrogenous and isolipidic. Triplicate groups of 65 fish (5.10 ± 0.10 g) were assigned to each diet. At the end of the experiment (66 days), all groups of fish fed diets had a similar final growth and feed utilization efficiency (P > 0.05). Nitrogen reten- tion rate was higher for the group fed the control diet and in consequence the calculated loading amount of this nutrient resulted lower when compared with the test diets. However, phosphorus retention was higher in the groups of fish fed the experimental diets (DL 26.58 ± 0.22 and DS 27.67 ± 3.05) when compared to the control diet (22.08 ± 1.12) (P < 0.05). This represents a phosphorus loading of 8.33 ± 0.23, 8.96 ± 1.02, and 11.55 ± 0.67 kg/t production for the diets DL, DS, and control, respectively. Therefore, the results indicate that lupin meal can be used as a possible plant protein source for the formulation of low-phosphorus loading diets for rainbow trout without affecting feed acceptability and growth performance. This legume represents a clear opportunity to supply the high demand for plant protein sources for aquaculture. Further studies are needed to evaluate and comapare different lupin species and varieties.


Monitoring the entire process of concrete corrosion is critical for assessing the remaining life of the structure and determining if maintenance is needed. In this study, the long-distance embedded optical fiber sensor (LEOFS) and the embedded corrosion optical fiber sensor (ECOFS) were both embedded to form a smart reinforced concrete beam that could simultaneously sense loading and corrosion. The structural strain induced by loading was recorded by the LEOFS; meanwhile, the structural strain induced by corrosion was monitored by the ECOFS. The experimental result shows that the aluminum-plastic tube makes the LEOFS effective for long-term monitoring in the corrosive environment. The result also indicates that selecting an appropriate location for the ECOFS leads to high accuracy measurement of strain induced by corrosion. The data of the ECOFS are meaningful for judging the corrosion cracking moment and for estimating the corrosion crack width for the entire corrosion process.


A diffusion equation approach to black hole thermodynamics in Euclidean sector is proposed. A diffusion equation for a generic KerrNewman black hole in Euclidean sector is derived from the Bloch equation. Black hole thermodynamics is also derived and it is found, in particular, that the entropy of a generic Kerr-Newman black hole is the same, apart from the logarithmic corrections, as the BekensteinHawking entropy of the black hole. In [1], I derived a diffusion equation for a Schwarzschild black hole from the Bunster-Carlip equations and showed that the black hole evolution in Euclidean sector exhibits a diffusion process. Namely I showed that the Bunster-Carlip equations h̄ i ∂ψ ∂t +Mψ = 0, (1) h̄ i ∂ψ ∂Θ − A 8πG ψ = 0, (2) where t is the lapse of asymptotic proper time at spatial infinity and Θ is the lapse of the hyperbolic angle at the horizon, transform to the equation ∂ρ ∂ΘE = D ∂ρ ∂t E (3)


Emergent technologies such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles and bistatic sonars offer immense leverage to the modern applications of underwater acoustics. However, high-frequency scattering processes need to be better understood, especially in complex, multiple-target environments (e.g. dumpsites or highly cluttered seabeds). Sea trials are paramount in providing acoustic measurements to validate scattering models and show the different processes involved, but they are expensive, difficult to conduct, and fraught with difficulties. Laboratory experiments are complementary, because of the fully controlled environment and the repeatability of the measurements. The imaging frequencies (> 10 kHz) to be investigated, and the finite dimensions of the tanks usually employed, mean that these experiments need to be scaled. Our article will first present the differences between sea trials and tank experiments, the various parameters that need to be scaled, and the physical validity of the choices made in each case. We shall then illustrate this by presenting some scaled experiments conducted in our facilities at the University of Bath, in a large water tank containing several sediment trays representative of continental margin seabeds. The first series of scaled experiments correspond to acoustic propagation and penetration in the sediments. The second series of experiments is concerned with monostatic imaging and the influence of seabed parameters on the full scattered waveform. The third series of experiments studied bistatic imaging geometries, and the relative influence of seabed types and different targets, proud or buried. In the latter case, the scaled targets were comparable to the toxic waste containers found in many dumpsites at sea. Both monostatic and bistatic tank experiments were used in conjunction with sea trials. Similar experiments around the world are discussed. Scaled tank experiments can be used for the design of future surveys and instruments, as well as for the in-depth analyses of past and future acoustic datasets


Human body modeling is an important research work in the fields of biomedicine andcomputer engineering. On the basis of NURBS FFD (free-form deformation), a motion modelingmethod is discussed to simulate the bend of human leg and corresponding de formations of muscles. Generally, FFD uses a trivariate tensor product spline to transmit deformations, and it is feasible to choose only two-order B-spline basis function in this case. According to the anatomic structure of joints, the simulation formulas are presented, and they coincide with the motion characteristics of knee joint and muscles. In the final experiment, a proper selected lattice space and these formulas yield a good visual effect of simulation. Compared with the method of curved patches, this method is simple and efficient. The formulas can be easily applied to simulate the motion of other joints.


Peats are the soils consisting of decomposed remains of vegetation, which have accumulated in waterlogged areas, and having high organic material content. They are often unsuitable for supporting structures of any kind due to their considerably high water content, high compressibility, low shear strength and dynamic properties. When compared to other countries, peat formations in our county are rather limited. One of these peat formations in our country takes place in the Free Trade Zone at the entrance of the city of Kayseri, and the industrial structures in this zone have been built on the peat. In the study area, the peat takes place at the surface and its thickness varies between 5 and 8 m. If the presence of active faults in Kayseri and its close vicinity, which may cause earthquakes, and rapid urbanization in Kayseri are taken into consideration, in addition to static conditions, the behaviour of the peats, under dynamic conditions also becomes important. By considering this situation and the absence of studies conducted on geomechanical properties and behaviours of peats in Turkey, and the fact that a limited number of study on dynamic properties of peats are available in the literature, in this study, determination of dynamic properties of the peats in the Kayseri Free Trade Zone and investigation of their seismic site response using the dynamic properties were aimed. For this purpose, first, inputs for the dynamic analyses were obtained by conducting seismic measurements in the field and resonant column tests in the laboratory. Then site response of the peat was investigated based on the ground acceleration estimated from attenuation relationships and ground motion record selected, and the results were compared with the design spectra recommended by the Turkish Seismic Codes and European Construction Design Codes. The results indicated that the response spectra of the investigated peats are not consistent with those recommended by the Turkish Seismic Codes and are greater than them, and therefore, amplification levels for these peats exceed those recommended in our seismic codes. Although the response spectra of the peats show a better agreement with those in the European codes, they show differences at periods greater than 1 second. In addition, the results also suggest that at low periods the peats investigated will attenuate the earthquake waves, but at the periods greater than 0.3-0.5 second they will cause an increase in amplification.


WHAT IS HEART FAILURE? EPIDEMIOLOGY THE AETIOLOGY OF HEART FAILURE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HEART FAILURE: CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR CHANGES PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HEART FAILURE: SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION NEUROHORMONAL ADAPTATIONS THE DIAGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE NONINVASIVE INVESTIGATION INVASIVE INVESTIGATION PROGNOSTICATION COMORBIDITIES MEDICAL THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEART FAILURE MEDICAL THERAPY FOR ACUTE HEART FAILURE NONPHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT DEVICE THERAPY FOR HEART FAILURE SURGICAL THERAPY FOR HEART FAILURE VENTILATORY STRATEGIES IN HEART FAILURE DISEASE MANAGEMENT FUTURE THERAPIES


Virtualization and scale expansion in cloud data center result in sharp MAC address consumption, which also expose some weaknesses in MAC address. Therefore IEEE standards organization proposed the concept of Local MAC address. However, among the automatic local address allocation protocols, security issues are not considered. To prevent the security vulnerabilities, we propose a mutual authentication method for local MAC address allocation in this paper. With the help of a trust third-party, the local address provider and client authenticate each other and establish a secure channel. Through the security analysis, it can meet confidentiality, integrity and validity of the message. In addition, we simulate the authentication process on the centralized address allocation protocol using OPENT and OpenSSL. The result shows that our scheme is feasible in different scales of network.


According to these experiments ,we have done the reference of the technical course of 21~ST/C carded cotton yarn and analysis of the manufacturing process. We conclude the major technical details and references.To improve and enhance the qualities of carded cotton yarn, we shuld pay much more attention to the repairing of machinery, minimizing the diference between spindles, equiping new kind of textile equipment, enhencing the level of operation management.


During the 1 970s incomes policies were a lively issue. In the United States there was a wage-price freeze and in Britain, a wage-price policy, followed by a social contract. Proposals for tax-based incomes policies (TIP) received much attention in journals and even a brief appearance as a proposal "floated" by the White House in 1977.1 More recently we have experienced a decline in inflation, growing severity of recessions, and much smaller increases (even some decreases) in negotiated wage bargains. Thus interest in TIP has declined as the need for incomes policies has seemed less urgent. Nevertheless, the structural issues that TIP attempted to address have not changed, and if TIP had virtues in the 1970s, TIP is again going to seem a sensible proposal when a greater degree of prosperity returns to the economies of the developed nations. Modern states are most unlikely to have anything like full employment without inflation unless they adopt incomes policies.2


The society of the information has generated deep changes in the social and business relationship, in which particularly, the touristic sector has significantly evolved since the Internet and then the web 2.0 started to spread to the daily personal and professional activities. Regarding the tourist sector, the websites that have the aim of letting people know about the recommendations and experiences of clients related to different services such as: restaurant, transportation, and lodging are gaining great importance. One of the leader webpages around the world regarding tourism is Booking.com, in which more than 1.200.000 bookings per day are made in its 1.136.997 lodgings in 225 countries and territories. The main objective of this study is to know about the positioning in Booking.com in the hotels of Cuenca, Loja, Guayaquil, Quito, and Galápagos which are known as the main tourist destinations of Ecuador. To carry out this study, the quantitative method has been used which involves the use of a tool called spyder for collecting data from Booking. com.


In this paper, we studied the peristaltic motion of a viscous conducting fluid through a porous medium in an asymmetric channel by using Lubrication approach. The expressions for velocity and pressure gradient are obtained analytically. The effects of Darcy number, phase shift and Hartmann number on flow characteristics are discussed in detail. Even though Peristalsis existed very well in physiology; its relevance came about mainly through the works of Kill (7) and Boyarsky (3). Later several mathematical and experimental models have been developed to understand the fluid mechanical aspects of peristaltic motion. The mathematical models obtained by a train of periodic sinusoidal waves in an infinitely long two-dimensional symmetric channel or axisymmetric tubes containing a Newtonian or non - Newtonian fluid have been investigated by Shapiro et al. (10), Fung and Yih (6), Yin and Fung (13), Shukla and Gupta (11) Srivastava and Srivastava (12), and many others. During the last decades, extensive literature is available on the MHD flows of biological fluids. Such flows have numerous applications in bioengineering and medical sciences. Specifically, magnetic wound or cancer tumor treatment causing magnetic hyperthermia, bleeding reduction during surgeries, and targeted transport of drugs using magnetic particles as drug carriers are few such examples. In fact, a biomagnetic fluid exists in a living creature and its flow is affected through a magnetic field. Blood is a biomagnetic fluid. It behaves as a magnetic fluid, due to the complex interaction of the intercellular protein, cell membrane, and the hemoglobin. It is also known that blood possess the property of diamagnetic material when oxygenated and paramagnetic when deoxygenated. Agrawal and Anwarddin (2) have investigated peristaltic flow of a blood in a channel under the effect of magnetic field. Flow through a porous medium has been of considerable interest in recent years particularly among geophysical fluid dynamists. Examples of natural porous media are beach sand, sandstone, limestone, rye bread, wood, the human lung, bile duct, gall bladder with stones and in small blood vessels. The first study of peristaltic flow through a porous medium is


In this study discusses the influence of competence, motivation and commitment to work effectiveness. The research was conducted at the Social Service, the object of this study was addressed to the Family Program Companion. The population in this study amounted to 122 companions with a total sample of 85 respondents. Then in determining and selecting a research sample using a simple random sampling method. The analytical method used is Partial Least Square. The results showed that competence had a negative effect on the work effectiveness of the Harapan Companion Program. However, motivation and commitment have a significant effect on the work effectiveness of the Harapan Companion Program.


The effect on cells from the cisplatin combined with mitomycin C(MMC) was studied.MTT assay was used to investigate the cytotoxicity of the drugs against human gastric carcinoma cell line in vitro SGC7901 individually or in combinations.Light and electron microscopes were employed to observe the changes in morphology of the cells treated with the drug.Flow cytometry was applied to study the effects of the drugs on the cells cycle of the cell lines.DDP significantly decreased the survival level of the cells with MMC compared with that used individually,the potentiation of the combinations ranged from 2.52?to 4.36(P0.01).The growth of the cells stopped at Period S.The mitosis and the formation of DNA were restrained.The super-microstructure of cells showed nucleonic shrinkage and necrosis,swelling of mitochondria,dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and so on.MMC could increase the sensitivity of carcinoma cells to DDP,and so reduce their side effects.


X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning Auger, and optical microscopy studies of polycrystalline superconducting pellets of Y–Ba–Cu–O/Ag are presented. Silver-laced samples have a lower porosity and a drastically reduced hydrocarbon contamination. Results indicate no detectable substitution of A g into the Y–Ba–Cu–O but a collection of metallic silver in voids and possibly along grain boundaries Intergranular silver could mitigate adverse grain boundary effects in polycrystalline Y–Ba–Cu–O.


The purpose of the study is to analyze the risk of violent conflict with the global conflict risk factors in the Middle East economies by using an integrated fuzzy decision approach. For this purpose, five different dimensions and 24 different criteria are defined by analyzing similar studies in the literature. The dataset is borrowed from the European Commission, and experts appointed for the linguistic evaluation of each dimension and criterion. Additionally, fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology is used to weigh dimensions and criteria and Multi-objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) approach is considered to rank the countries with respect to the conflict risk. Social dimension was concluded to have the highest importance of the Global Conflict Risk Index. Moreover, Syria, Libya, and Saudi Arabia were identified as the countries that have high conflict risk. Because these countries have high risk of facing conflict in the future, it is strongly recommended that they should primarily focus on social factors in order to minimize this risk.


Hidden Markov Models have been employed in many vision applications to model and identify events of interest. Their use is common in applications where HMMs are used to classify previously divided segments of video as one of a set of events being modelled. HMMs can also simultaneously segment and classify events within a continuous video, without the need for a separate first step to identify the start and end of the events. This is significantly less common. This paper is an exploration of the development of HMM frameworks for such complete event recognition. A review of how HMMs have been applied to both event classification and recognition is presented. The discussion evolves in parallel with an example of a real application in psychology for illustration. The complete videos depict sessions where candidates perform a number of different exercises under the instruction of a psychologist. The goal is to isolate portions of video containing just one of these exercises. The exercise involves rotating the head of a kneeling subject to the left, back to centre, to the right, to the centre, and repeating a number of times. By designing a HMM system to automatically isolate portions of video containing this exercise, issues such as the strategy of choice of event to be modelled, feature design and selection, as well as training and testing are reviewed. Thus this paper shows how HMMs can be more extensively applied in the domain of event recognition in video.


The goal in this paper is to design an optimal scheduling and power control policy that maximizes the long-term time-averaged sum throughput of a Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC) with energy harvesting (EH) nodes, and \emph{facilitates uncoordinated operation} of the nodes. In order to benchmark the performance of any policy, we derive an upper bound on the sum throughput by considering a genie-aided system where the nodes have infinite capacity batteries and can freely share the available energy between them. Next, we design a time-sharing based power control policy for the EH MAC, which operates in an uncoordinated fashion. We show that, surprisingly, the sum throughput obtained by the proposed policy achieves the genie-aided upper bound asymptotically in the battery size at each node. Simulation results validate the theoretical findings and illustrate the relative impact of various system parameters (e.g., the battery size required to achieve the upper bound) on the number of nodes and the variation in the harvesting rates across the nodes.


A level II reliability study has been carried out to study the variations of the strength of steel structures in flexure, tension and compression and to check the adequacy of load factors recommended for plastic design in IS 800-1984 with reference to a limit state design method. Basic variables are considered to be statistically distributed. Monte-Carlo technique is used to determine statistical properties of resistance


The strain rate‐dependent response of Al2O3/Al composite is examined using a split‐Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus. High‐speed photography is used to establish that the strain develops inhomogeneously in the specimen due to the onset and propagation of a kink band. The power balance equation is exploited in order to determine the dissipation at the kink band. The mechanism of kink band is shown to be essentially unaltered, with only the amount of fibre fracture being influenced by the dynamic loading process.


Investigations were performed in four patients with a myasthenic syndrome in which fractional release of the immediately releasable acetylcholine at nerve terminals is defective (3 of them were typical of Eaton-Lambert syndrome), 35 patients with classical myasthenia and 20 normal subjects. In the four patients with myasthenicsyndrome, administration of caffeine produced an increase in amplitude of muscle action potentials evoked with single and repetitive nerve stimulation, and also provided a reduction of abnormally marked facilitation of muscle action potentials evoked shortly after single nerve stimuus and brief tetanic nerve stimuli. These effects of caffeine on neuroyal transmission were similar to those obtained after administration of calcium. Caffeine thus was found to have the same therapeutic effect as calcium on a myasthenic syndrome with fractional acetylcholine release defect. Both drugs provided no significant change in the conditions of classical myasthenics and normals.


The Hydroelectric Project Rio Cristal has the feasibility study for the electric generation
near the town Balsapamba, Bolivar Province. The final results has data about hydrology,
land survey, hydraulic calculus, and also has data given by programs specialized for river
modelling and land modelling. For the feasibility study I developed two programs; the first
one was develop to calculate the height of the intake gates in relation of the discharge, the
data given in these results can be very helpful for the central computer in the power house.
The second program was develop to calculate the amount of energy produced every month,
and its results depend directly with the gross head and the hydrology.


Classification is one of the major issues in Data Mining Research fields. The classification problems in medical area often classify medical dataset based on the result of medical diagnosis or description of medical treatment by the medical practitioner. This research work discusses the classification process of Gene Expression data for three different cancers which are breast cancer, lung cancer and leukemia cancer with two classes which are cancerous stage and non cancerous stage. We have applied a fuzzy soft set similarity based classifier to enhance the accuracy to predict the stages among cancer genes and the informative genes are selected by using Entopy filtering.


ABSTRACT In 2012, Australia became the first country in the world to introduce plain tobacco packaging in an effort to reduce tobacco consumption. This move was vehemently opposed by the tobacco industry, which challenged it on several levels: nationally, bilaterally and multilaterally at the World Trade Organization (WTO). The political behaviour of the tobacco companies in this case is puzzling both in terms of scale, operating at multiple levels at the same time, and in terms of the countries mobilized in their defence. WTO litigation is typically the result of multinational enterprises (MNEs) lobbying their own government, but here third countries were mobilized. Lobbying in third country contexts, with the objective of accessing multilateral dispute settlement systems, has been little studied. We thus know very little about the driving factors behind such activities, how target governments are selected and what lobbying strategies are used. This article draws on emerging research on transnational lobbying and a case study of the plain packaging case to explore these issues in detail and, by doing so, aims to further our theoretical understanding of the political economy of international trade in the context of increasing regime complexity and globalization of production. In addition, the article sheds new light on advocacy in the context of disputes about cross-border challenges to domestic regulation.


. It is a metaphysical orthodoxy that interesting non-symmetric relations cannot be reduced to symmetric ones. This orthodoxy is wrong. I show this by exploring the expressive power of symmetric theories, i.e. theories which use only symmetric predicates. Such theories are powerful enough to raise the possibility of Pythagrapheanism, i.e. the possibility that the world is just a vast, unlabelled, undirected graph.


• Preservation allows longer term availability of food. – Economic and food availability dimensions: shelf-life. • Major role in establishing and maintaining microbial food safety (e.g. pasteurization). • Decreases toxicity of some foods (e.g. lectins beans). • Conversion into new foods (e.g. cheese, beer). • Supplementation, fortification of food (e.g. fortified milk). • Sensory, diversity, nutrition.


: This project aims at designing & developing biometric finger print technology based money transaction system for shopping. As extra global commercial activity becomes digitally based, banks are utilizing fresh technologies to develop next generation identification controls to combat fraud make transactions more safe, Now a day's ATM's plays major role in our society. But sometimes we are facing lot of problems due to ATMs. If we lost the virtual cards there is a chance of misusing our ATMs by someone. Even if we forgot the password we cannot do transactions. To avoid these drawbacks here we are introducing a new technology that is Virtual Banking System using IOT.


According to a recent study conducted by AIMR and Russell Reynolds Associates, investment professionals around the world have seen their compensation shrink considerably over the past two years, due mainly to a prolonged market downturn. A number of factors affect compensation, ranging from years of experience, to members' geographic locations, to gender, to type of assets managed; however, in virtually all cases, AIMR members have seen their levels of compensation drop considerably. Still, among AIMR members with 10 years of experience or more, those who hold the CFA charter earn an average of 21 percent more than their non-charterholder counterparts. This article provides a geographic breakdown of the study results, featuring median compensation for AIMR members working in Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It also addresses for the first time compensation variations for AIMR members working in major urban centers.