Anthony Barnett is Emeritus Professor of Medicine at The University of Birmingham (Birmingham, UK) and Consultant Physician to one of the biggest diabetes/endocrine units in the UK at the Heart of England National Health Service Foundation Trust (Birmingham, UK). He has major research interests in the genetics of diabetes and its microangiopathic complications, etiology of diabetes vascular disease, pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes, new drugs for diabetes and its vascular complications, and health service-related issues, including provision of diabetes care in the south Asian population. His main clinical interest is in cardiovascular disease in association with diabetes and the use of new therapies for diabetes and its complications. He has published over 550 original research papers and has edited major text books of diabetes, as well as contributing to the Textbook of Diabetes, International Textbook on Diabetes, and Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology and Molecular Medicine. He has edited several educati...


1. The feeding guild is a useful tool for analysing community structure. Unfortunately, although there has been much work done on guilds of forest and woodland birds, there have been few studies in which differences between habitats have been assayed for consistency of guild structure. This can be done only by surveying replicate sites of each habitat type because this yields an indication of similarity between sites of the same class of habitat. If guild structure differs little between each replicate site, then one has confidence that that structure meaningfully characterizes the habitat type in question. 2. In this study, foraging information is used to produce a guild classification for birds of forests and woodlands of central Victoria, Australia


Provided are: a microbial material for agricultural use characterized by containing, as an active ingredient, Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) that is capable of promoting the growth of crops and/or increasing the yield of crops, or a variant thereof that has a capability comparable thereto; and a method for cultivating crops characterized by comprising cultivating crops using a soil or medium that contains the aforesaid microbial material.


The soil moisture vertical variance is analyzed to discuss the moisture characteristic of soil in yellow soil sloping field of Guizhou province. First, wavelet transform method has been used to check saltation points, then the response of the variance of soil moisture of each layer is researched through the analysis of mutual spectrum, last, time lag is studied by phase frequency characteristic. The results indicates that the change of soil moisture in vertical is a approximate random stable signal process, and the breaking phenomenon of surface layer(0~20 cm) is more than underlayers(20~100 cm), time lag exists in the change of soil moisture in most soil layers.


Consider a pair of random variables (X,Y) with distribution P. The probability rank function is defined so that G(x|y)=1 for the most probable outcome x conditional on Y=y, G(x|y)=2 for the second most probable outcome, and so on, resolving ties between elements with equal probabilities arbitrarily. The function G was considered in Arikan (1996) in the context of finding the unknown outcome of a random experiment by asking questions of the form 'is the outcome equal to x?' sequentially until the actual outcome is determined. The primary focus in Arakan (1996) and Arakan and Merhav (1998) was to find tight bounds on the moments E[G(X|Y)/sup /spl theta//]. The present work is closely related to these works but focuses more directly on the large deviations properties of the probability rank function.


This research was aimed at finding out how Kenya Power can improve financial performance through Business Process Outsourcing. The problem being investigated was why many organizations are not obtaining the financial benefits which are the major driver of outsourcing. The objectives of the study were; to determine how selection of BPO opportunities influence financial performance of Kenya Power and to establish how cost management in BPO affect financial performance of Kenya Power. The target population was employees at Kenya power Head Quarters. The sample was 84neand Middle level management a strategic decision which is made and implemented by senior personell.  employees from Business Strategy department, Supply Chain department, Finance department and Customer Service departments at KPLC. A stratified random sampling technique was used for respondents in the target population. A random sample was drawn from each stratum. This sampling method ensures that each stratum is represented proportionally in the sample. The questionnaire was the principal tool in collecting primary data. The questionnaire contained structured, semi structured and unstructured questions. The study targeted 84 respondents and managed to obtain responses from 78 of them thus representing 93% response rate. The data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Package version 20. To ensure reliability of the instrument Cronbach's Alpha was used. The study findings indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between the BPO aspects namely:  Selection of BPO opportunities and cost management in BPO. The findings also indicated that selection of BPO opportunities and cost management of BPO respectively influenced the financial performance of KPLC. Key Words: Business Process, Outsourcing, Financial Performance


Energy efficiency in buildings should not be reached on the expense of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). This statement is often used in connection to design and certification of sustainable buildings. The fact that it is also valid during the actual operation seems to be often forgotten. Nodaway's energy management and operational diagnostics focus mostly on energy consumption. Consequently also present key figures comprise performance indicators related to energy use. The fact that modern buildings are not spared from IEQ related problems indicates that there is a need for joint assessment of energy and IEQ performance. The aim of this paper was to review relevant literature to form a scientific background for development of key figures enabling the joint assessment of energy and IEQ. The review resulted in forty cited publications. Majority of them focused explicitly on energy performance and indoor environment was mentioned only marginally or was not mentioned at all. We can also conclude that energy related key figures are well established and used for standard energy management as well as in different optimization algorithms involving analysis of measurements and calibrated simulations. One publication was identified that integrates thermal comfort into broader matrix of key figures. Methods for long-term evaluation of IEQ indicators suggested by standard EN 15251 seems to be usable for determination of key figures for joint assessment. Further research is needed to determine and test key figures that would directly combine performance indicators related to both energy use and IEQ.


Science in Russia is not fulfilling its potential; there is a need to change organizational and economic relations in the system of education, to increase public respect for knowledge, and to strengthen ties between education and science. Russia needs to be more involved in the international market for education.


An efficient implementation of recursive running sum filters based on switched-capacitor techniques is proposed. In order to improve the frequency selectivity of these cells, two novel sharpening procedures are proposed. The resulting filter blocks are completely stray-insensitive and exhibit very low element sensitivities.<<ETX>>


2008;70;1707-1714 Neurology Jabbari, H. C. Kaufmann, B. Schurch, S. D. Silberstein and D. M. Simpson M. Naumann, Y. So, C. E. Argoff, M. K. Childers, D. D. Dykstra, G. S. Gronseth, B. Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology pain (an evidence-based review): Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of autonomic disorders and This information is current as of March 23, 2009 http://www.neurology.org/cgi/content/full/70/19/1707 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0028-3878. Online ISSN: 1526-632X. since 1951, it is now a weekly with 48 issues per year. Copyright © 2008 by AAN Enterprises, Inc. ® is the official journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Published continuously Neurology


Developing specialized Electro-Static grippers (commercially used in Semiconductor Manufacturing and in package handling) will allow gentle and secure Capture, Soft Docking, and Handling of a wide variety of materials and shapes (such as upper-stages, satellites, arrays, and possibly asteroids) without requiring physical features or cavities for a pincher or probe or using harpoons or nets. Combined with new rigid boom mechanisms or small agile chaser vehicles, flexible, high speed Electro-Static Grippers can enable compliant capture of spinning objects starting from a safe stand-off distance. Electroadhesion (EA) can enable lightweight, ultra-low-power, compliant attachment in space by using an electrostatic force to adhere similar and dissimilar surfaces. A typical EA enabled device is composed of compliant space-rated materials, such as copper-clad polyimide encapsulated by polymers. Attachment is induced by strong electrostatic forces between any substrate material, such as an exterior satellite panel and a compliant EA gripper pad surface. When alternate positive and negative charges are induced in adjacent planar electrodes in an EA surface, the electric fields set up opposite charges on the substrate and cause an electrostatic adhesion between the electrodes and the induced charges on the substrate. Since the electrodes and the polymer are compliant and can conform to uneven or rough surfaces, the electrodes can remain intimately close to the entire surface, enabling high clamping pressures. Clamping pressures of more than 3 N/cm2 in shear can be achieved on a variety of substrates with ultra-low holding power consumption (measured values are less than 20 microW/Newton weight held). A single EA surface geometry can be used to clamp both dielectric and conductive substrates, with slightly different physical mechanisms. Furthermore EA clamping requires no normal force be placed on the substrate, as conventional docking requires. Internally funded research and development has demonstrated that EA can function effectively in space, even in the presence of strong ultraviolet radiation, atomic oxygen, and free electrons. We created a test setup in an existing vacuum chamber to simulate low-Earth-orbit conditions. An EA mechanism was fabricated and installed in the chamber, instrumented, operated in a vacuum, and subjected to ultraviolet photons and free electrons generated by an in-chamber multipactor electron emitter. Extensions to EA that can add value include proximity and contact sensing and transverse motion or rotation, both of which could enhance docking or assembly applications. Possible next steps include development of targeted applications for ground investigation or on-orbit subsystem performance demonstrations using low cost access to space such as CubeSats.


Sentiment analysis in this particular field is applied to help ecotourism producers to evaluate and improve their performance. Using that, digital footage will be useful to be some source of data that the researcher can use in ecotourism fields. Before starting the sentiment analysis, data preprocessing is needed to be done first. Data preprocessing is a process to clean the data, so it will be suitable to proceed further. Data preprocessing include case folding, tokenization, stop words, and stemming. The next step will be the implementation text clustering technique, also known as a sentiment analysis technique. In this research, sentiment analysis is done by using the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis . Basically, sentiment can be identified or traced through someone's affective interactions with the object or entity .


The present invention provides a photovoltaic roofing system and a method of installing a photovoltaic ridge cap structure. The photovoltaic roofing system includes a ridge cover for covering the ridge of the roof structure. The system further comprises at least one photovoltaic cell disposed within the ridge cap. Method of installing a photovoltaic ridge cap structure comprises a ridge cap mounted on a plurality of photovoltaic cells along the ridge of the roof structure. The method further comprises electrical leads arranged along started through a ridge of the roof structure from each photovoltaic cell or a plurality of openings.


In this study, we successfully synthesized the rod-like [Au25(PPh3)10(SePh)5Cl2]q (q = +1 or +2) nanoclusters through kinetic control. The single crystal X-ray crystallography determined their formulas to be [Au25(PPh3)10(SePh)5Cl2](SbF6) and [Au25(PPh3)10(SePh)5Cl2](SbF6)(BPh4), respectively. Compared to the previously reported Au25 coprotected by phosphine and thiolate ligands (i.e., [Au25(PPh3)10(SR)5Cl2]2+), the two new rod-like Au25 nanoclusters show some interesting structural differences. Nonetheless, each of these three nanoclusters possesses two icosahedral Au13 units (sharing a vertex gold atom) and the bridging "Au–Se(S)–Au" motifs. The compositions of the two new nanoclusters were characterized with ESI-MS and TGA. The optical properties, electrochemistry, and magnetism were studied by EPR, NMR, and SQUID. All these results demonstrate that the valence character significantly affects the properties of the "non-superatom" Au25 nanoclusters, and the changes are different from the previously repo...


ABSTRACT:In electoral politics throughout the developing world, "cheap talk" on food is the norm. When political parties are outside of the governing majority, they tend to express a strong commitment to providing food for the poor. When in power, their commitment to fulfilling the right to food wanes. This tendency prevails regardless of party orientation. India is a case in point. This article draws on original datasets and interview data to demonstrate the role that interest group and regional party dynamics play in perpetuating cheap talk on food in India, and the implications for fulfillment of the right to food there and beyond.


The current level of technology allows photographic recording to achieve a higher spatial resolution than can be obtained with current methods of digital video recording, especially if using large formats. Though CCD sensors with increasing resolutions are continuously under development and brought into the market, it will be some time until video recording techniques can match the spatial resolution of present day film material. Another problem associated with video PIV is the requirement to store the huge amount of data, which may be captured during a measuring campaign. Thus, for time being, the photographic technique is the method of choice for PIV applications requiring high velocity and spatial resolution. One major disadvantage of the photographic technique is that - at present - it is difficult to record the images of the tracer particles onto two different photographic plates, especially in the case of aerodynamic investigations where pulse separations on the order of a few microseconds are required. That indicates that the problem of directional ambiguity removal has to be solved for photographic PIV in a reliable and flexible manner using a technique such as image shifting. Additionally, the application of an image shift to the PIV recording allows PIV measurements in strongly three-dimensional flows as well as in flows with strong velocity gradients. By 'negative' image shifting the resolution of the velocity measurement can be increased with a slight reduction to the spatial resolution. A rotating mirror system, which is able to provide very high and easily adjustable shift velocities, will be describled in the following. Problems such as the angular control of the rotating mirror and its synchronization with the laser pulses have been solved. A detailed theoretical model of the imaging of tracer particles by means of a rotating mirror system has been developed in order to be able to correct certain errors appearing at imaging via a rotating mirror


The aim of the study is to develop a spatial electromechanical model of a variable-length link for use in telescopic manipulators, anthropomorphic robots, exoskeletons, and in studying the human musculoskeletal system. The proposed link model has two massive absolutely solid sections at the ends and a weightless section of variable length located between them. The study was carried out using the methods of theoretical mechanics, electromechanics, mathematical modeling, engineering design, numerical methods for solving systems of ordinary differential equations, control theory, nonlinear dynamics, experimental methods, and empirical data on the biomechanical properties of the human musculoskeletal system. The reliability of the obtained results is substantiated by a rigorous use of the above-mentioned methods. As a result of the study, a system of Lagrange-Maxwell differential equations was written, and an electromechanical model of an anthropomorphic system was developed in the Matlab Simulink software package. With the specified geometric and inertial parameters of a variable-length link corresponding to an average person's leg lower part and the time corresponding to the single-support motion phase, the electric motors and reducing gears implementing the human musculoskeletal system link's biomechanical motion fragment are selected. All of the selected motors have a sufficient operating parameters margin. The trajectories of all generalized coordinates along which the anthropomorphic system performs its necessary motion are determined. The mechanism load diagrams are obtained. The control system for the motors is synthesized, and the positioning error is evaluated. The novelty of the approach is that the newly developed electromechanical models of controlled variable-length links have a wide range of applying the obtained results and can be used in designing anthropomorphic robots and comfortable new-generation exoskeletons. Thus, the electromechanical model of a variable-length link with the parameters corresponding to the average person's leg lower part has been developed. The electric drives and transmissions able to implement a motion close to the anthropomorphic one have been selected; its implementation has been demonstrated, and the numerical calculation results are given.


Abstract We investigated whether habituation (i.e., allowing fish to become accustomed to their new environment) and habitat complexity affected poststocking predation of hatchery-reared fingerling Florida largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides floridanus stocked in research ponds containing high densities of predators. We found that in open-water habitat, habituation for 60 min before release significantly (|t 44| ≥ 2.13; P ≤ 0.039) reduced predation. In the presence of complex habitat (i.e., stem density > 250 stems/m2), overall predation was reduced but habituation failed to further reduce predation (|t 44| ≥ 0.13; P ≤ 0.899). Habituation appears to be a feasible method for reducing predation at release locations with little to no structurally complex habitat and high predator densities.


Visual Artists have in the course of time, perfected the art of packaging politicians the way they (Visual Artists) package commodities. Such high-tech skills which included the manipulation of images and imageries in projecting political actors could be said to have reached a crescendo in the political advertisements of the presidential candidates of the All Progressives Congress (APC) and her People's Democratic Party (PDP's) counterpart in the 2015 elections. Given that those packaging strategies not only constitute the main ligaments of the affected political advertisements, but also confer status and uniqueness on them; it becomes a research problem that requires a critical examination of the visual elements of the said political advertisements. Relying on the Action Assembly for theoretical guidance; the study undertook a semiotic analysis of the political advertisements of the APC and PDP presidential candidates in the 2015 elections. The objectives of the study were to: (i) determine the semiotic significations of the graphic elements of the political advertisements of APC and PDP presidential candidates in the politico-cultural context of the Nigerian society and (ii) ascertain if there is any difference in the strategies of the political advertisements of the APC and PDP presidential candidates in the 2015 elections. Using the Equal Sample Allocation Method, the study arrived at a sample size of one hundred and thirty-two editions of four purposively-selected National Dailies viz: Guardian, Nation, Sun & Vanguard newspapers. The study found that the graphic elements in the political advertisements of APC and PDP presidential candidates in the 2015 elections depicted more of negativity. Again, it confirmed the fact that there is significant difference in the strategies of the political advertisements of the APC and PDP in the 2015 elections.


Prevention of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its complications is based on
 antiviral therapy and early detection of reliable molecular markers in
 persons under risk. We investigated whether the methylation status of
 RASSF1A and p16 genes, alone or in combination with host and viral factors,
 affects the response to therapy with pegylated interferon/ribavirin (PEGIFN/
 RBV). Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to
 determine the methylation status of the target promoter sequences of RASSF1A
 and p16 in circulating-free DNA from the peripheral blood of 49 patients
 with CHC genotype 1b. The methylation status of the examined genes did not
 affect the response to therapy. However, the simultaneous presence of either
 RASSF1A or p16 methylation and the CC genotype of IL28B was significantly
 related to a sustained virologic response (P=0.009 and P=0.032,
 respectively). After Bonferroni correction, only the result concerning the
 RASSF1A gene remained significant (P<0.0125). Methylation of RASSF1A was
 associated with the CC genotype of the IL28B gene (P=0.024) and a higher
 viral load (?400 000 IU/mL, P=0.009). Our results suggest that combined
 analysis of RASSF1A gene methylation and IL28B rs12979860 polymorphism could
 potentially help in the prediction of therapy response in CHC genotype 1b
 patients.


Timely and accurate population information is crucial for decision-making in assessing risk and vulnerability before an expected disastrous event, coordinating emergency actions during an event or in managing disasters after the event. This research presents the capabilities of multi-sensoral remotely sensed data to provide spatial population distributions on different levels of geometric resolution supported by ancillary population data. On the one hand broad-scale assessment is carried out based on medium resolution Landsat data. Utilizing total population data available from a census a distribution algorithm is presented to allocate population from generalized administrative units at finer scale. On the other hand a small-scale analysis of urban morphology derived from high resolution Ikonos data is presented. Physical urban parameters like building size or building heights and in addition the land use enable to assess population distribution with respect to the time of day.


In this paper we study the resonant transmission through a waveguide formed by a periodically placed high-index dielectric nanoparticles with a side-coupled resonator. We show that a resonator with high enough Q-factor allows control of the signal transmission through a waveguide. We suggest a practical realization of such scheme that employs a multipole resonance of a dielectric particle with large radius.


The ever increasing capacity demand on optical networks and the slowdown of improving spectral efficiency lead to the solution of utilizing more wavelength band in existing optical fibers. More and more operators will extend from C band to C+L bands, or plan to deploy C+L systems, and in future they may utilize more of other bands. This paper firstly discusses different optical layer architectures for multi-band system. Using optical components that can natively support multi-band is attractive to us, because in this way the multi-band system can be planned and operated similarly with the single-band system, which is customer friendly and potentially more economical. We address mainly three technical challenges in this paper. The first one is the wide-band fiber optical amplifier (OA). After a short review of recent research progress, we propose a hybrid erbium-doped fiber (EDF) and bismuth-doped fiber (BDF) based OA approach, and demonstrated single-stage amplification over 100 nm in extended C+L bands. The second challenge is the optical cross connect based on wavelength selective switch (WSS). It is not trivial to realize a C+L-band WSS while preventing the key optical parameters (filtering bandwidth, loss, channel isolation, etc.) to be degraded. We analyze different technical schemes, and propose an optical design based on an LCoS with a large panel size and a high-dispersion diffraction grating. The optical design and simulation on a 2×35 WSS reveals this approach can support 100-nm extended C+L spectrum and is promising for commercialization. The third challenge is the SRS induced WDM channel power inequality, which is more severe for multi-band system. We propose a solution by using OAs with a novel optical spectrum processor (OSP). Simulation and experiment showed that the power of the WDM channels can be equalized on a per span basis, which can prevent accumulation of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) induced wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channel power transfer and can meanwhile keep the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) of WDM channels well equalized.


A framework for supporting the organization and structuring of product development teams under concurrent engineering environment is presented. The concepts of Team Structuring Dimensions (TSD) and Development Characteristics and Factors (DCF) are defined. Based on the concepts, the framework analyzes the emphasis that should be placed on each TSD according to the DCFs, and each different combination of the emphasis defines a more appropriate team organization and structuring. A more appropriate team organization facilitates the communication and information sharing between the team members, and the quality of this communication is essential for product development effectiveness and efficiency. The effectiveness of the framework is discussed by real cases in product development projects.


The power source of development and reform of higher vocational education is the objective need of local economic and social development.Jiangyin vocational and technical college roots in enterprise and clings to the economic and social development reality to construct the talents training model,that is "directed recruitment,dual-orientation training,binary whole and three-dimensional interaction".Its core is searching for the real demand of enterprises,establishing a security mechanism of depth cooperation and implementing them into following links,such as realizing order recruit students,talents training and developing curriculum based on enterprises,and together constructing "dual-qualification structure" group of teaching staff,practice and training base.


In this paper, we model and investigate the carrier transport for the core-shell nanorod (NR) structured green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for which the InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells are grown on the nonpolar surface of the NR. Our results show the absence of polarization fields in the m-plane quantum wells for the core-shell NR LEDs, which manifest the flat energy band condition, the improved electron injection efficiency, and the high electron-hole wave functions overlap for the quantum wells, leading to the high radiative recombination rate and the enhanced quantum efficiency. We further find that the quantum efficiency is also affected by the vertical charge injection for the core-shell NR LEDs. The vertical charge injection is more sensitive to the doping concentration and the thickness of the p-GaN layer than of the n-GaN layer. Moreover, the increase of the NR height also leads to the nonuniform vertical charge injection.


Currently, there are numerous indicators (single and composite) for measuring impacts in the three pillars, though current thinking emphasises the need for system thinking rather than the reductionist concept of pillars. Most existing indices/methods measure single aspects of sustainability and the more integrated indicators are aimed at national or global level assessments. A review of existing indicators, methods and models within the context of complex system sustainability showed that no single existing index, method or model was able to assess sustainability of complex systems. Most fail to account for complex system characteristics, such as system dynamics, interconnections and interdependencies of system components, a system's ability to learn and remember, emergence of novel behaviours, co-evolution, etc. This paper presents the methodology used to develop a new model for assessing sustainability of complex systems based on risk.


The present invention discloses a work vehicle travel control method, apparatus, system and a construction vehicle, the travel control method comprising: obtaining a work vehicle speed sensor and a road surface inclination angle sensor acquired acquired current traveling speed ; the angle of inclination of the road surface, speed, and with the current position of the center of gravity of a work vehicle turning radius determined to obtain the minimum safe cornering, and in accordance with a correspondence relationship between the daily running speed Regulayity usual turning radius, to give the current driving speed corresponding to the usual turning radius; usual when the turning radius less than the minimum turning radius, output alarm information. Alarm information can be dangerous before the accident, the driver is prompted in advance to reduce the driving speed or increase the turning radius cornering, and therefore, the present method can reduce the probability of a construction vehicle rollover cornering, improving driving safety.


This review artide considers the most important issues relating to the microencapsulation and controlled delivery of bioactives through foods: the choice of encapsulant materials, the formulation of the encapsulated delivery system and the processes used for their manufacture. Likewise, examples of materials and processes used for the manufacture of encapsulated bioactives are given, highlighting the special role of spray drying. Finally, several food ingredients that have been successfully microencapsulated by spray drying are presented together with the most recent advances of this mianencapsulation technology.


Mismatch negativity (MMN) to tone duration deviants has consistently been shown to be reduced in schizophrenia and has been linked to neurochemical and neuroanatomical abnormalities implicated in the disorder. Here we report on an ongoing study investigating MMN as a possible risk factor for the later development of psychosis. MMN data has been obtained from 20 healthy controls and 72 individuals indentified as being at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis on referral to a specialized service. MMN was derived as subtraction waveforms of event related potentials (ERPs) to frequent short (50 ms) or long-duration (100ms) standard tones minus ERPs to infrequent long or short-duration deviant tones, respectively. The largest MMN amplitudes were recorded in controls compared with MMN from 13 referrals meeting criteria for first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 25 UHR referrals. The UHR group showed a reduction of the MMN amplitude that was intermediate between the healthy controls and FEP groups. A reduced, though non-significant reduction of MMN was recorded in 7 UHR individuals making a confirmed transition to schizophrenia one year after UHR identification compared to 19 UHR individuals who did not make such a transition. Our preliminary findings suggest reduced MMN may be associated with prodromal schizophrenia.


The Employment Access Team has been involved in many successful projects including the Midland Metro Extension, The Library of Birmingham, New Street Gateway, The Longbridge Development site, Constructing West Midlands and the A45 roadworks.


In the study of ancient glass, identifying its chemical composition is an indispensable step to accurately classify it. However, the weathering of ancient glass in the buried environment will change the chemical composition, so the ability to properly process data such as chemical composition is crucial. In this paper, the relationship between the weathering of high-potassium glass and lead-barium glass and its color and pattern is studied respectively, and the existing data on the chemical composition of the sample glass in cultural relics are processed and analyzed by constructing a standardized model. Besides, the non-weathered standardized models of high-potassium glass and lead-barium glass were obtained, and their weathering trends were summarized. Based on this model, the chemical composition content of samples before weathering was predicted.


This paper enlarges the concept of conditional repetitive group sampling plan. The operating characteristic and average sample number functions of the generalised plan have been derived by eraohical .- . e\aluarir,n and rc\,tr.u tcchniq;e Lastl?. Poison unit! tulu;.: ha\c been rabulatcd to fac~litsrc the opsrntlon and conitruillon ofthe plan I hc plan rhar pro\ides a quick discrimin3tia1n ~11good and had qualtt) 101). could be used for both the process control and goods accgptance or rejection in various stages ofprod;ction in defence.organisations.


An enzymatic, NAD(H)-dependent process for the efficient production of D-mannitol from D-fructose as one single product is described and optimized with respect to productivity at high substrate conversion. Stereospecific reduction of D-fructose is catalyzed by recombinant mannitol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 50106, overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Regeneration of NADH is accomplished by formate dehydrogenase-mediated oxidation of formate into CO2, thus avoiding byproduct formation and yielding total turnover numbers for the coenzyme of approximately 1000 for a single round of D-fructose conversion. In optimized batchwise reduction of D-fructose, a D-mannitol productivity of 2.25 g/(L h) was obtained for a final product concentration of 72g/L and a D-fructose conversion of 80%. D-Mannitol was crystallized from the ultrafiltered product solution in 97% purity and 85% recovery, thus also allowing reuse of enzymes for repeated batchwise production of D-mann!itol!.


Learning is a complex process and refers to the acquisition of new knowledge, comprehension, skills, attitude, behaviors, values, and preferences. Learning theories have been proposed to explain how students receive, process, and retain knowledge. These theories differ from each other based on the underlying principles. Being medical educators, we should have an understanding of each of the learning theories, so that instead of taking sides with one specific theory, we should be broad enough in our vision to accept and employ them based on the nature of the educational experience. To conclude, it is vital that medical teachers should be aware of how students learn, and this aspect can be understood by knowing about different learning theories. Further, we must understand that there is an overlap between educational theories and they complement each other, and thus we should not consider them in isolation.


In this article, the author examines the need to study the history, objective reasons for the complexity of its study at the university, the state of readiness of first-year students to learning and cognitive activity, demonstrates the need to use different methods and techniques in the teaching of the humanities discipline training, as well as a number of competencies that are generated in the course of its study.


In the chlorophyte alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, expression of the nuclear gene NIA1, encoding nitrate reductase, is regulated by light, but the signal transduction mechanism is poorly understood. Using inhibitors, mutants, and physiological manipulation, we searched for signals in the photosynthetic electron transport chain that potentially regulate NIA1 expression. In the NIA1 + wild-type clone CC-1692, nitrate reductase activity is strongly down-regulated when the reduction of plastoquinone is blocked by 3-(3′4′-dichlorophenyl)-1,1′-dimethyl urea (DCMU), but unaffected or stimulated when the oxidation of plastoquinol is inhibited by 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB). Simultaneously, although DBMIB reduced NIA1 expression by ∼30% over a 6-h period relative to the control, DCMU inhibited expression of the gene by over 80%. A cross between CC-1692 and a site-directed mutant, CC-3388 A251I, in which amino acid 251 in the PSII core protein, D1, was altered from alanine to isoleucine, thereby decreasing the binding affinity for QB, produced a cell with markedly reduced expression of NIA1. Our results indicate that expression of nitrate reductase is coupled to photosynthesis via a sensor related to the redox poise of the plastoquinone pool. When the pool is oxidized, carbon fixation is low and nitrate reductase is down-regulated; conversely, when the pool is reduced, carbon fixation is high and the gene and enzyme activity are up-regulated. These experimental observations suggest a model for the coupled light regulation of photosynthesis and nitrate assimilation.


reared individually in the laboratory for an additional 11 d, then diagnosed for microsporidian infections using phase contrast microscopy. We succeeded in recovering approximately 70% of the exposed larvae in each cage after 21 d. Ratios of recovered initially-infected and test larvae remained consistent with the ratios released. Upon dissection many test larvae were determined to be infected, proving that transmission had occurred under the experimental semi-field conditions. At the lower infection ratios, the numbers of Nosema-positive test larvae followed the expected pattern, considering the number of initially-infected larvae in each cage. However, at higher densities, percent infection in the cages appeared to level off. Mean infection percentages (± SE) in test insects were 19.1±5.2 at 10:90 initially-infected larvae to test larvae, 26.5±0.3 at 20:80, 38.9±7.7 at 30:70, 28.3±11.4 at 40:60, and 32.0±4.3 at 50:50. Unfortunately, the scale and time requirements of this experiments limited us to three replicates per treatment and, to a certain degree, inconsistent transmission did not allow us to draw definite conclusions. A repetition of this experiment in Spring 2005 should help to clarify our results. Microsporidia transmission in terrestrial insect populations is still not well understood. In our study, we attempted to quantify transmission of one microsporidium in forest lepidopteran larvae; as far as we are aware this is the first time such an experiment has been performed under semi-field conditions. We used a naturally occurring Nosema sp. that was isolated from a L. dispar population near Levishte, Bulgaria. The parasite propagates in the silk glands, fat body and Malpighian tubules of the host. Infective spores are released into the environment from living larvae, most likely via silk and faeces as well as from cadavers. Field cages (1x1x2 m) were installed around each of 15 Quercus petraea trees of 2 m height and with similar foliage density on a young oak plantation. Nosemainfected and uninfected L. dispar larvae (hereafter referred to as initially-infected and test larvae) were placed into the cages. Numbers of initially-infected and test larvae per cage were 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50; each treatment ratio was replicated in three cages. Larvae were removed after 21 d of exposure. Larvae were


The chromatographic resolution of three racemates is presented at temperature areas extending to the cryogenic area, down to −25 °C. In all examined cases the separation factor between the enantiomers increased with decreasing temperature. The yields and production rates for the enantiomers were calculated from chromatograms to predict optimum conditions for preparative resolutions.


The genus Oocyclus Sharp, 1882 is recorded from Laos for the first time. Two species are recognized, including a new species: O. rupicola sp. n. and O. thailensis Short et Swanson, 2005. Male genital segments and female spermathecal organs are illustrated, and the latter is also described for each species. SEM photographs of several useful taxonomic features are provided. Digital photographs of the holotype of O. rupicola are provided (online version in color). A key to the species of the genus from the Indochina peninsula is given.


People suffering from hallucinations caused by schizophrenia and other brain disorders sometimes obey what their voices tell them to doand sometimes they don't. Predicting such behavior isn't high on most psychiatric research agendas. But according to psychologist John Junginger of Louisiana State University, answers are needed to help courts evaluate the danger posed by psychotic individuals. Right now, says Junginger, most expert testimony on the subject "could probably best be described as a fraud." With a $145,000 grant from the National Institute on Mental Health, Junginger wants to see if it's possible "to predict compliance with command hallucinations." He plans over the next 2 years to compile profiles of 75 patients who have reported such hallucinations. He will then see if he can predict which patients in a comparable sample will obey their voices. Fortunately for Junginger's work, patients are apparently quite reliable at telling researchers what they're hearing. So far, his preliminary research suggests that a patient is more likely to comply with orders if he thinks he knows who's speaking-God, for example, or a deceased relative-or if the aural hallucination is supported by a deluded belief, such as the case ofa patientwho believes he is Jesus Christ.


In Reply. —I am sorry that we missed the report by Dagan and Bar-David. It was published a few months before our study was submitted for publication, so we did not find it in our review. We did cite two other recent studies from the southeastern and southwestern United States that showed, along with our study, that penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is emerging as the major pathogen implicated as the cause of impetigo in diverse areas of the United States. The report by Dagan and Bar-David, along with an extensive review of the cause of impetigo from numerous other reports summarized by Esterly et al 1 in a more recent issue of AJDC , confirms that this is a worldwide phenomenon. From these observations, it may be concluded that penicillin is no longer adequate for primary treatment of impetigo in most areas of the world.


Abstract : A study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of designing a sodium amalgam-oxygen fuel cell power plant for a small, two-man, deep diving submarine. The scope of the report covers preliminary design studies only which did not include experimental work, design details, or establishment of detailed component specifications. The general specifications included a maximum rated net power output of 1000 kw at 300 volts, a stored energy capacity of 1500 kwh, and the requirement that the plant operate in a flooded compartment. It was concluded that the sodium amalgam-oxygen fuel cell can be designed as a very compact power plant, suitable for operation at depth in a flooded compartment.


In modern society, much public attention is paid to the rights and interests of the disabled, which become a social problem. In order to satisfy the pursuit of disabled for a better quality of life, it is necessary to give them a normal life. For example, people with degeneration or atrophy of hand muscles caused by accidents or other reasons need an auxiliary system to help them recover their hand muscles. However, after consulting a large amount of data, I found that most hospitals in the market use hard levers and springs as mechanical structures, which will result in excessive resistance, poor finger curls, and even aggravate the disease due to improper use. In contrast, the deformable structure is softer. Meanwhile, it can actively bend the fingers of patient through the inflation control method to achieve the purpose of safety and effectiveness. In this paper, the design and casting of pneumatic muscle are completed through independent modeling and pouring in the experiment [1]. At the same time, this paper also provides and tests two machine learning pneumatic muscle control algorithms based on real-time binning, which are idempotent and real-time, and can be fully controlled in combination with the designed pneumatic muscle. Its core signal comes from EMG signals on key muscle groups of the arm. The signal is collected from muscle in real time by wet electrode patch. For the control model of machine learning, we have tested and implemented a variety of gesture postures, including common palm curling and stretching, common finger movements, etc. The pneumatic muscle hand rehabilitation auxiliary glove based on electromyographic signal control has the characteristics such as passive exercise, safety, less pain, individuation, low price, full and effective exercise, etc. The pneumatic muscle-assisted rehabilitation system based on electrical signal control in this paper has broad application prospects and extremely high value.


Abstract:The authors explored the relationship between subjective social class (SSC) and subjective well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, positive/negative affect) to examine whether self-esteem would mediate this relationship for 275 college students and whether such mediation would be affected by participants' critical consciousness (CC). Two elements of SSC, social power and social prestige, had significant indirect effects on life satisfaction and negative affect through self-esteem. No statistically significant moderating role of CC was found on this mediation, but higher CC increased the size of the indirect effect of SSC on subjective well-being. Implications for research and practice with college students are discussed.


The relationship between public expenditures and economic growth has gain importance, especially after the First World War. In this study, the relationship between public expenditures and economic growth was investigated using data from 1989-2017 for BRICS countries and Turkey with cointegration and causality tests. As a result the cointegration test; there is a cointegration between variables for long run. Causality results show that there is no causality from public expenditures to economic growth in the short term but there is causality relationship from economic growth to public spending. In the long run, it is seen that there is bidirectional causality both from public expenditures to economic growth and from economic growth to public expenditures.


Objective:To study the nutritional level of Vitamin A on students majoring in nursing.Methods:The dark adaptation time of 185 students was measured with YA-Ⅱ type dark adaptometer.Results:38 students were deficient in Vitamin A and accounted for 15.1%.Nobody suffered from night blindness.Conclusion:The nutritional status of Vitamin A for most students was normal.But minor students is short of Vitamin A,who should adjust their dietary compositions and increase intake of food rich in Vitamin A.


In today's society, digital signage is widely used in various places such as commercial facilities and train stations. Most digital signages use a liquid crystal display or LED panel. One of the advantages of digital signage is the ability to dynamically change the content of the advertisement. However, the method of change is not due to the viewer's intention, but rather to elapsed time to show, and it is merely a sequential display of static advertisements. In this study, we propose and implement a non-contact interactive digital signage system using a web camera that allows users to change the content according to their face orientation. In the implementation, we use OpenCV for showing the content and image processing, and the machine learning library, named dlib, is used for detecting user's face and identifying its orientation. The proposed system changes the layout and enlarges the content in which the user is interested. The user does not need to wear any device and to do any special action. Furthermore, the proposed system offers an intuitive interaction manner to the user. In this paper, some experimental designs are also described.


Aiming at the shortcomings of existing photovoltaic monitoring systems, a photovoltaic monitoring system based on Cat.1 medium-speed IoT network was designed. The system used the combiner box as the monitoring node, STM32 as the development platform, the communication module adopted USR-G771 DTU, and the cloud platform was the Tlink IoT platform. After uploading to the cloud platform, people can log in to the cloud platform using WeChat or a browser to view the operating status of the photovoltaic system. Experiments show that the system can monitor the photovoltaic system for a long time, with good real-time data, high signal strength, low cost, easy delivery, and low power consumption, which effectively ensures the stable operation of the photovoltaic system and saves the investment of manpower and material resources.


Climate change and health challenges such as the HIV and AIDS have motivated religious leaders to rethink their beliefs and practices, considering how to apply these to health crises. Christian theologians and biblical scholars have risen to the occasion and developed new ways of interpreting the bible that offer a response to current situations. The new ways of interpreting the bible include approaching the text with a degree of wariness and traditional readings of the bible are often transgressed. The experience of the marginalised or the dismembered is used as a starting point for bible interpretation and theological reflection. This paper contributes to the shifts in bible interpretation and theological reflection by offering an eco-theological interpretation of Deuteronomy 23:14–15 in the context of cholera. The paper shows that, in the context of cholera in Zambia, an eco-theological interpretation of the biblical text can foster hygiene and proper management of human waste which would be an important contribution to the prevention of cholera outbreaks.


Correction for 'Deciphering 'water-soluble lignocellulose' obtained by mechanocatalysis: new insights into the chemical processes leading to deep depolymerization' by Mats Kaldstrom et al., Green Chem., 2014, 16, 3528–3538.


Neural tissue is derived from three precursor regions: neural plate, neural crest, and preplacodal ectoderm. These regions are determined by morphogen‐mediated signaling. Morphogen distribution is generally regulated by binding to an extracellular matrix component, heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan. HS is modified by many enzymes, such as N‐deacetyl sulfotransferase 1 (Ndst1), which is highly expressed in early development. However, functions of HS modifications in ectodermal patterning are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the role of Ndst1 using Xenopus embryos. We found that ndst1 was expressed in anterior neural plate and the trigeminal region at the neurula stage. ndst1 overexpression expanded the neural crest (NC) region, whereas translational inhibition reduced not only the trigeminal region, but also the adjacent NC region, especially the anterior part. At a later stage, ndst1 knocked‐down embryos showed defects in cranial ganglion formation. We also found that Ndst1 activates Wnt signaling pathway at the neurula stage. Taken together, our results suggest that N‐sulfonated HS accumulates Wnt ligand and activates Wnt signaling in ndst1‐expressing cells, but that it inhibits signaling in non‐ndst1‐expressing cells, leading to proper neuroectodermal patterning.


How to comprehend the complexity of natural and social phenomenon and highly generalize and summerize them into a simple model is an essential problem that human beings have been trying to solve.In the light of polities,"the order" is to be normalized with regulations,and the discussion of the concept,classification,the evolution of regulation and logic consequence is to solve the practical problems and to have further testing in practice.The discussion of the concepts originated from political science but is not limited with politics and sociology.The concepts are good for both natural and social sciences.


A technique of combined aero-valve to advance the air-breathing pulse detonation engine(PDE) is investigated.The combined aero-valve is composed of a blunt aero-valve and a swirling aero-valve placed in the PDE inlet in series and different combination forms can be obtained by altering their location.The results show that the combined aero-valve can produce continuous detonation waves and the optimal type is the combination with blunt aero-valve in the front and swirling aero-valve in the after.The detonation combustion performance of combined aero-valve is better than that of a single aero-valve,while the blunt aero-valve is better than the swirling valve.These results are important to develop novel aero-valve structure and the fuel atomizing-vaporizing-mixing device.


Background: Upper ureteral stones are a common issue. There are numerous treatment options available, including medical expulsive therapy, shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopic stone extraction, PCNL and laparoscopic ureterolithotomy. PCNL and laparoscopic ureterolithotomy are the main approaches for large upper ureteral stones.
Objective: To compare the outcome between laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and push back PCNL in the management of upper ureteric stone
Methods: In this prospective study 60 patients presenting with upper ureteric stone were selected. Patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine >2.5 mg/dL), morbid obesity, coagulopathy, concurrent renal and ureteric stones, pregnancy, sepsis, stone size more than 30 mm, orthopedic contraindications for prone position and those with a probability of inability to achieve safe access to the collecting system on pre-operative imaging were excluded from this study. Upper ureteric stones were removed from 30 patients by laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and by push back PCNL procedure from another 30 patient stones. Two procedures were compared based on stone clearance rate, complications, surgery time and postoperative hospital stay.
Results: The mean age of the laparoscopic ureterolithotomy group in this study was 41.83 ± 7.96 years and in push back PCNL group it was 42.23 ± 7.42 years (p = 0.841). Male patients were predominant than female patients in each group. Mean stone diameter of laparoscopic ureterolithotomy group was 22.90 ± 4.18 mm and in push back PCNL group it was 21.26 ± 3.85 mm (p=0.122). Mean operative time of laparoscopic ureterolithotromy patients was 1.42 ± 0.14 hours and in push back PCNL group it was 1.19 ± 0.09 hours, the difference between the procedures was statistically significant (p<0.001). In laparoscopic ureterolithotomy group postoperative prolonged urine leakage was found in 4 (13.3%) cases and postoperative fever in 1 (3.3%) case. Postoperative analgesic required in 6 (20.0%) cases in laparoscopic ureterolithotomy group and 7 (23.3%) cases in push back PCNL group. Transfusion required only in push back PCNL group (13.3%). Duration of post-operative hospital stay was significantly higher in laparoscopic ureterolithotromy group than push back PCNL group. In this study, stone clearance rate was 100.0% & 100.0% in both the groups.
Conclusion: Both laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and push back PCNL are similar in management of upper ureteric stone.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2022; 25(1): 14-18


1 In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) dysregulation of cytosolic calcium appears to be involved in the degeneration of skeletal muscle fibres. Therefore, we have studied the regulation of the free cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) under specific stress conditions in cultured myotubes isolated from the hind limbs of wild‐type (C57BL10) and dystrophin‐deficient mutant mdx mice. [Ca2+]c in the myotubes was estimated by the use of the Ca2+‐sensitive fluorescent dye, fura‐2. 2 Resting [Ca2+]c was similar in mdx and normal myotubes (35 ± 9 nM and 38 ± nM, respectively). However, when mdx myotubes were exposed to a high extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]e) of 40 mM, the [Ca2+]c was elevated to 84 ± 29 nM, compared to 49 ± 7 nM in normal myotubes. 3 Lowering the osmolarity of the superfusion solution from 300 mOsm to 100 mOsm resulted also in a rise in [Ca2+]c which was about two times higher for mdx (243 ± 65 nM) than for C57BL10 (135 ± 37 nM). Replacing extracellular Ca2+ by EGTA (0.2 mM) prevented the rise in [Ca2+]c in both mdx and normal myotubes when exposed to the low osmolarity solution. 4 Gadolinium ion (50 μm), an inhibitor of Ca2+ entry, antagonized the rise in [Ca2+]c of myotubes superfused with 40 mM [Ca2+]c by 20–40% for both mdx and C57BL10 cells, but did not significantly reduce the rise in [Ca2+]c when the cells were exposed to the hypo‐osmotic buffer (100 mOsm). 5 Incubation of the cell culture for 3–5 days from the onset of induction of myotube formation with the membrane permeable protease inhibitor, calpeptin (50 μm) abolished the rise in [Ca2+]c in mdx myotubes upon exposure to hypo‐osmotic shock. 6 Treatment of the cell culture for 3–5 days with α‐methylprednisolone (PDN, 10 μm) attenuated the rise in [Ca2+]c following hypo‐osmotic stress for both normal and mdx myotubes by about 50%. 7 The results described here suggest an increased permeability of mdx myotubes to Ca2+ under specific stress conditions. The ameliorating effect of PDN on [Ca2+]c could explain, at least partly, the beneficial effect of this drug on DMD patients.


This article examines the implications of the coffee agreement between the government of the Republic of Uganda (GoU) and Uganda Vinci Coffee Co Ltd (UVCCL) on the socio-economic rights of the supply chain players in the coffee industry in Uganda. This article was motivated by the belief that the socio-economic rights of the players in the coffee supply chain would be violated as a result of the monopoly granted to UVCCL in Uganda's coffee industry. The article shows that the GoU-UVCCL agreement violates international human rights instruments as well as the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995 (the Constitution) and other statutes. The article recommends that stakeholders should be consulted in any GoU undertaking that directly affects their socio-economic rights such as the GoU-UVCCL agreement, GoU should observe its commitments under international law and GoU should strengthen the legal and institutional framework to uphold citizens' socio-economic rights in Uganda.


Objective To optimize the extracting process of the mixture of Feining.Methods Orthogonal design was used to optimize extracting process.The content of glycyrrhizicac,Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrin,and the extractive rate of water and n-butyl alcohol were indexes.Results The optimum water-extracting factors were 8 times of water,refluxing and extracting for 1 h,for 2 times.Conclusion The optimal extraction process is precise and repeatable,which can be used in industrial production.


We consider a class of growing random graphs ob- tained by creating vertices sequentially one by one: at each step, we choose uniformly the neighbours of the newly created vertex; its degree is a random variable with a xed but arbitrary distri- bution, depending on the number of existing vertices. Examples from this class turn out to be the Erd} os{R enyi random graph, a natural random threshold graph, etc. By working with the notion of graph limits, we dene a kernel which, under certain conditions, is the limit of the growing random graph. Moreover, for a sub- class of models, the growing graph on any given n vertices has the same distribution as the random graph with n vertices that the kernel denes. The motivation stems from a model of graph growth whose attachment mechanism does not require information about properties of the graph at each iteration.


Fodor's theory makes thinking prior to doing. It allows for an inactive agent or pure reflector, and for agents whose actions in various ways seem to float free of their own conceptual repertoires. We show that naturally evolved creatures are not like that. In the real world, thinking is always and everywhere about doing. The point of having a brain is to guide the actions of embodied beings in a complex material world. Some of those actions are, to be sure, more recondite-than others. But in every case the contents of thoughts still look to depend, in some non-unique but vitally important way, on the kinds of doings they support.


Assembly of Resolution 814 (IX) of December 17, 1954.~ Today, the United Nations is faced with the most critical phase of the Cyprus question, as well as with a serious test of its peacekeeping and peacemaking potential. The origins of this international dispute precede the involvement of the organization in it and can be traced to a complicated set of factors reflecting the island's strategic location and history. The presence of two distinct ethnic communities on the island; the absence oi national integration; the penetration by and eventual institutionalization of external powers in its political life; and the national security concerns of Britain and the United States in Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean, have affected the evolution of the dispute and the way the United Nations has responded to it.2 Thus the Cyprus question remains a classic example of the interplay of national and international disputes and of the difficulty of delineating between them.


The article concerns Internal Security Acts in India, Portugal and France. These states had adopted such kind of laws due to various reasons and motives. In the paper a set of factors is identified which have influenced internal security rules in the above-mentioned states. The key assumption is that the crucial issue is the definition of internal security which is necessary if a state would like to build an internal security system. The definition might be included in an Internal Security Act. The basic question is how internal security is understood in India, Portugal and France. The article concludes with final conclusions. First, the Internal Security Acts adopted by various states are influenced by a set of factors occurring in these states. Secondly, usually the concept of internal security has been defined by an Internal Security Act (Portugal and France cases). Last but not least, the internal security is understood in a narrow way i.e. it is restricted to the issues of public order and public security (India and France cases).


BACKGROUND
Although schizophrenia has been characterized by disruptions to neural synchrony, it remains unknown whether these disturbances are related to symptoms and loss of grey matter. We examined relations between 40 Hz Gamma band synchrony and grey matter in patients with schizophrenia at first episode and after 2.5 years.

METHODS
From an initial recruitment of 35 medicated patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, 25 patients completed clinical and oddball task-elicited Gamma synchrony within 3 months of health service contact and again after 2.5 years, 23 completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at these time points, and 13 completed all sessions. We compared patients with 35 matched healthy controls. We identified early (0-150 ms) and late (250-500 ms) peaks in Gamma synchrony locked to oddball targets, and we analyzed MRI data using voxel-based morphometry. We evaluated group and test-retest differences using repeated-measures analyses of variance.

RESULTS
Compared with controls, at first contact, patients with a first episode of schizophrenia showed a disruption to the laterality of early Gamma synchrony and global reduction in late Gamma synchrony, with a corresponding loss of fronto-temporal-parietal grey matter. Gamma synchrony was increased at follow-up among patients with a first episode of schizophrenia. It related negatively to further loss of grey matter, but positively to improvement in reality distortion symptoms. These relations could not be explained by medication dose.

LIMITATIONS
Our study did not include unmedicated patients or normative follow-up testing.

CONCLUSION
Gamma synchrony may track the progression of schizophrenia from first episode. An increase in Gamma synchrony over time might reflect an attempt to adapt to a progressive loss of cortical grey matter and associated changes in cognitive and emotional function.


In this paper, I investigate "job autonomy," defined as the extent to which employees exercise discretion in their work, and discuss the impact of job autonomy on women's job continuation at the stage of childbirth and childcare. I found out that highly-educated women or women with clerical jobs enjoy job autonomy. If women workers, especially highly-educated women have job autonomy, they can manage their own schedule more easily. This leads to job continuation at the stage of childbirth. Further, this study also shows that length of working hours does not necessarily determine job continuation.


Journalism and the media are in the midst of tumultuous change, driven at least in part by technological and economic uncertainty on a global scale. The thesis of this paper is that the key to the viability of news media in the digital age, as demonstrated by both long- and short-term patterns, is innovation. To insure long-term success, innovation in news media should be guided by four principles: intelligence or research, a commitment to freedom of speech, a dedication to the pursuit of truth and accuracy in reporting, and ethics. Evidence is presented that early innovation by news media leaders that adhere to the principles outlined here are finding success in both building audience and generating digital revenue.


Background: The ability to distinguish malignant from benign Retroperitoneal Fibrosis (RPF) 25 and to select the patients who are likely to respond to steroid treatment using a non- 26 invasive test would be a major step forward in the management of patients with RPF. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the potential of 18F-FDG-PET to improve clinical 28 decision-making and management of RPF patients. Design, setting and participants: 122 RPF patients have been assessed and managed by a 30 multi-disciplinary RPF service between January 2012 and December 2015. 78 of these 31 patients have undergone 101 FDG-PET scans, as well as CT and blood tests. Management 32 was based on the findings of these investigations. Median follow up was 16 months.


Objective. To study disease activity in women with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) during and after pregnancy. There is little previous knowledge about this topic. Methods. Our study included 135 pregnancies in 114 women with JIA. Disease activity was assessed at 7 timepoints before, throughout, and after pregnancy with the Disease Activity Score–28–C-reactive protein 3 (DAS28-CRP3). Scores assessed at each visit were analyzed in a linear mixed model. The same statistical method was used to study self-reported physical function, pain, and mental health. Results. Almost 80% of the women were in remission or had low disease activity during and after pregnancy. Although disease activity was stable throughout the study period, we found that DAS28 6 weeks postpartum increased significantly compared to the first trimester (2.78 vs 2.51, p = 0.005) and third trimester (2.78 vs 2.56, p = 0.011), respectively. DAS28 decreased significantly between 6 weeks and 12 months postpartum (2.78 vs 2.54, p = 0.014). Self-reported mental health was significantly better 6 weeks postpartum than before pregnancy (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Mental Health subscale 80.7 vs 76.5, p = 0.039). Self-reported pain was stable. Physical function was signifi cantly worse in the third trimester of pregnancy than postpartum (Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire 0.57 vs 0.39, p < 0.001). Conclusion. In women with JIA, disease activity was highest 6 weeks postpartum, but altogether low and stable in the period from planning pregnancy to 1 year after delivery. (J Rheumatol First Release December 1 2017; doi:10.3899/jrheum.161410) Key Indexing Terms: JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS DISEASE ACTIVITY PREGNANCY From the National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital; Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU); Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. Supported by the Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital, and the Research Fund of the Norwegian Organization for People with Rheumatic Diseases. K. Ursin, MD, National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital, and Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU; S. Lydersen, PhD, Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU; J.F. Skomsvoll, MD, PhD, National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital; M. Wallenius, MD, PhD, National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital, and Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU. Address correspondence to Dr. K. Ursin, National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Trondheim University Hospital, Postbox 3250 Sluppen, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Accepted for publication September 8, 2017. active disease or are taking medication2,3 while of childbearing age. A well-designed study from 2008 confirmed that women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) achieve remission in pregnancy, but less frequently than previously described4. The only studies on disease activity in pregnancy in women with JIA date to the 1990s, before biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) were available5,6. Both studies were based on questionnaires in which women were asked in retrospect about disease activity during and after pregnancy. The majority reported lower disease activity in pregnancy, while about 50% reported higher disease activity postpartum. The main aim of our study was to prospectively study disease activity in women with JIA during pregnancy and until 12 months postpartum using a validated disease activity measure. In addition, we wanted to explore the women's self-reported physical function, pain, and mental health throughout the study period. MATERIALS AND METHODS RevNatus register. RevNatus is a Norwegian nationwide register designed for the followup of women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases from the planning of pregnancy until 1 year postpartum. The register was established at the Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases in 2006. Patient population. Our study comprises women with JIA included in RevNatus in the period from January 1, 2006, to November 17, 2015. All Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease in childhood, and it affects twice as many girls as boys. A study from 2003 reported an incidence of JIA of 15 per 100,000 per year in Nordic countries1. More than 40% of women with JIA have Journal of Rheumatology The on January 28, 2018 Published by www.jrheum.org Downloaded from women were diagnosed by a rheumatology specialist according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria for JIA7. RevNatus does not contain data on JIA subtypes. All women with JIA who contributed data from at least 1 timepoint in the period from the first trimester to 1 year after delivery were included in the study. We excluded women who did not conceive within 1 year after inclusion and women who had a miscarriage. Data collection and description of outcome variables. Women included in RevNatus ideally have 7 visits at their local rheumatology unit: before conception (visit 0), in each trimester (visits 1–3), and 3 times postpartum (at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after delivery; visits 4–6). The objective is that all women of childbearing age diagnosed with an inflammatory rheumatic disease are told to contact their rheumatology unit when planning pregnancy to be included in RevNatus. However, only a minority of the women with JIA were in fact enrolled preconception. Thus, not all women attended all visits. Enrollment was carried out by rheumatologists and nurses at each participating center. At each visit, local rheumatologists evaluated disease activity using Disease Activity Score-28–C-reactive protein 3 (DAS28-CRP3). The score is composed of a 28-joint count for swelling and tenderness combined with the CRP level8. DAS28 is a commonly used disease activity measure in patients with arthritis, and DAS28-CRP3 is validated for use during pregnancy in women with RA9. CRP levels were measured by local methods. All values < 5 mg/l (the lower detection limit) were defined as 4 mg/l in the


The D-lactate oxidation dependent transport of succinate in membrane vesicles of an Escherichia coli strain lacking succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase is inhibited by several categories...


The paper states the relation between graduates' innovation ability cultivation and resource,and the author thinks that resource is the decisive factor of innovation ability cultivation,so we have to acknowledge and make good use of three resources to solve the basic problems and realize innovation effect.


This paper aims to develop a more elaborated understanding of innovation-based renewal of industries from a structural perspective. Current perspectives offer rather simplistic views on the role of structural conditions in regional industrial renewal process. In order to overcome this limitation, we draw on the concept of 'institutional infrastructure' to examine the ensemble of structural elements for industrial path development in regional contexts. The institutional infrastructure and its conditions, i.e. its elaboration and coherence, are seen as important factors for industrial change. To illustrate this approach, we investigate renewal processes in two traditional automotive regions in Austria and Sweden.


ABSTRACT - The genetic potential for any animal growth depends basically on the environmental conditions like competitionfor space, foods, oxygen. This experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the fingerlings growth of a ornamenta l fish( Trichogaster trichopterus ), submitted to three stocking densities and three feeding levels. The fishes (average weight of 0.56 g + 0.09and 0.96 g + 0.13) were divided in two blocks, submitted to three densities (5, 10 and 15 fishes/aquaria) and fed at levels of 3, 6 and9% of body weight/d. The fishes were fed once a day with crumble commercial diet and reared in aquaria (100 L) with biological filter,aeration and partial water renewal. Water showed good limnological parameters for the specie comfort, with decreasing pH andconductivity at the end of the experimental period, at the greatest density (15 fish/aquaria) and feeding level (9% body weight /d). Feedingrate showed significant effect on total length, total weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and condition factor, where the fishes fed9% body weight/d showed the best results. Concerning the different stocking densities, only the condition factor showed significantdifference, with the best results for the fish cultivated at density of 10 fishes/aquarium, in relation to those reared at 15 fishes/aquaria.No significant interactions were observed among the feeding levels and stocking densities.Key Words: densities, feeding levels, ornamental fishes,


Short-term effects of solid fueled rocket emissions on the stratospheric trace gases are studied on the basis of a one-dimensional (1D) model of the atmosphere. A simplified model of the dilution of the rocket exhaust is proposed. The concentration of trace species in a plume is defined by diffusive mixing of ambient air and chemical loss and production. It is found that local ozone reponse is a very strong function of the Cl 2 content in the exhaust, the rate of plume dilution and the local time of launch. It is shown that, without conversion of HCl into Cl 2 in the plume, the local depletion of ozone profile is small (maximum: a few percent from the unperturbed value near 40 km). A small percentage of HCl conversion into Cl 2 leads to of order ten percent of ozone depletion in the stratosphere. Diurnal features of ozone reponse are studied too. It was established that ozone depletion after night-time rocket launches is a few times less then for daytime launches. The three considered heterogenous reactions, N 2 O 5 + H 2 O(s) → 2HNO 3 , ClONO 2 + HCl(s) → Cl 2 + HNO 3 and ClONO 2 + H 2 O(s) → HOCl + HNO 3 , which might proceed on Al 2 O 3 particle surfaces, do not play an important role for the considered time scales. The problem of local ozone depletion registration by Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) is also discussed


The sliding wear behaviour of polymer composite materials has been the subject of many studies in order to improve their tribological performance. To characterise the wear mechanisms mostly experimental studies were performed. According to these findings the wear of these materials is a result of simultaneous wear of different components of the composites. The mechanisms to dominate the process of material removal are matrix wear, fibre sliding wear, fibre cracking and wear by fibre/matrix debonding at the interface. If fibre/matrix debonding is appeared, the local separation initiates additional fibre cracking, wear debris formation and more intensive wear process. FE micro-models have been developed in order to determine contact, stress and strain conditions produced by a steel asperity sliding on the surface of a fibre-reinforced polymer composite. Three cases were studied, i.e. a normal, a parallel and an anti-parallel fibre orientation relative to the sliding direction. In order to get more realistic simulation results about the failure conditions in the composite structure, FE contact macro/micromodels were used, contrary to the so far widely applied anisotropic analytical or numerical macro-models. To model a "micro-environment" as part of a "macro-environment", the displacement coupling technique was introduced. On the basis of the stress results, conclusions were drawn on the possible wear mechanisms of the fibre-reinforced polymer composites. For each fibre orientation, surface failure of the matrix material occurs due to high shear stresses. The other characteristic source of failure is fibre/matrix debonding, eventually followed by fibre cracking events. According to the results, the high shear strain as well as the high tensile strains can produce local debonding of the fibre/matrix interface in a limited vicinity of the actual contact area. The experimental verification based on a scratch test using a smaller diamond indentor with the radius of R=100 μm, in order to represent the behaviour of the asperities in sliding contact. The scratch surface was observed by SEM.


The Chinese film have been for 100 years of history,the problem of "the film art in the market economy : to be or not to be? "was debated again by Zhang Yi-mo's "Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles ",which raised contradictions rhetoric of"marketing literary film".This article arguments that we should go beyond the past"literary films"and "commercial films" binary opposite thinking to change the concepts from "amusing films"to "film entertainment".The key to film entertainment is to regard the film as entertainment resources.


The structure of knowledge activity system of university and enterprise all have the characteristics of holographic structure. From the perspective of knowledge activity,knowledge transfer of university-enterprise knowledge union can be divided into three types:knowledge transfer based on knowledge production,knowledge transfer based on knowledge diffusion,knowledge transfer based on knowledge application. In essence,knowledge transfer of university-enterprise knowledge union is an interactive process,which should transform form "single transfer" to "transfer mutually".


The history of researches of nonviolence as a mean of a state defence is considered in the article. In the issue of these researches it was found out that nonviolent means undermine enemy government legitimacy, they are virtually ecologically safe, don't lead to mass destruction weapon spreading, make it possible to reduce military expenses, and help to achieve world community support.


objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of adversity quotient of undergraduate nursing students.Methods A total of 312 nursing students were investigated with Adversity Response Profile and Learning Satisfaction Questionnaire.Results The total score of students'adversity quotient and Learning Satisfaction were(127.54±15.01)and(46.41±5.94) respectively,and in a middle level.There was a positive statistically correlation between adversity quotient and learning satisfaction(P0.01).The influencing factors of adversity quotient were teachers'quality,teaching methods,teaching courses,from one-child family or not,class leaders or not(P0.01 or P0.05).Conclusion The adversity quotient of undergraduate nursing students level need to be improved.Nursing educators should take targeted interventions and personalized measure to improve their ability to cope with adversity.


A new approach using transient signals for earth fault location in non-solidly earthed overhead lines is presented. The characteristics of zero module network are analyzed in detail. Also, the product of zero-module voltage after Hilbert transform and zero-module current in selected frequency band is determined the direction of the fault. The earth fault can be located in accordance with the difference of fault directions before and after fault. The paper proposes to use electromagnetic field induction to acquire fault signals. (4 pages)


This presentation accompanies the paper titled Plans and Preliminary Results of Fundamental Studies of Ice Crystal Icing Physics in the NASA Propulsion Systems Laboratory. NASA is evaluating whether PSL, in addition to full-engine and motor-driven-rig tests, can be used for more fundamental ice-accretion studies that simulate the different mixed-phase icing conditions along the core flow passage of a turbo-fan engine compressor. The data from such fundamental accretion tests will be used to help develop and validate models of the accretion process. This presentation (and accompanying paper) presents data from some preliminary testing performed in May 2015 which examined how a mixed-phase cloud could be generated at PSL using evaporative cooling in a warmer-than-freezing environment.


Context: Because it is viewed simply edge-on, the HH212 protostellar system is an ideal laboratory for studying the interplay of infall, outflow, and rotation in the earliest stages of low-mass star formation. Aims: We wish to exploit the unmatched combination of high angular resolution, high sensitivity, high-imaging fidelity, and spectral coverage provided by ALMA to shed light on the complex kinematics of the innermost central regions of HH212. Methods: We mapped the inner 10" (4500 AU) of the HH212 system at about 0.5 arcsec resolution in several molecular tracers and in the 850 $\mu$m dust continuum using the ALMA interferometer in band 7 in the extended configuration of the Early Science Cycle 0 operations. Results: Within a single ALMA spectral set-up, we simultaneously identify all the crucial ingredients known to be involved in the star formation recipe namely: (i) the fast, collimated bipolar SiO jet driven by the protostar, (ii) the large-scale swept-up CO outflow, (iii) the flattened rotating and infalling envelope, with bipolar cavities carved by the outflow (in C$^{17}$O(3--2)), and (iv) a rotating wide-angle flow that fills the cavities and surrounding the axial jet (in C$^{34}$S(7--6)). In addition, the compact high-velocity C$^{17}$O emission ($\pm$ 1.9--3.5 km s$^{-1}$ from systemic) shows a velocity gradient along the equatorial plane consistent with a rotating disk of about 0.2 arcsec = 90 AU around a $\simeq 0.3 \pm 0.1 M_{\rm \odot}$ source. The rotating disk is possibly Keplerian. Conclusions: HH212 is the third Class 0 protostar with possible signatures of a Keplerian disk of radius $\geq 30 AU$. The warped geometry in our CS data suggests that this large keplerian disk might result from misaligned magnetic and rotation axes during the collapse phase. The wide-angle CS flow suggests that disk winds may be present in this source.


Currently, Zimbabwe is one of the most HIV-affected countries of the world, presenting an average prevalence of about 13-15% of the population living with the virus. The Zimbabwe government has implemented a framework focused on HIV between 2012 and 2015. The program has been completed and data are currently still being collected. Improvements have been made but the pandemic is far from being beaten. This work is focused on the challenges encountered while determining improvement in health status, retention and factors associated with attrition among HIV-infected patients within the latest HIV programs. According to these challenges, possible solutions based on literature are proposed. Moreover, the data collected from national and international reports have been used in a stochastic model to complement the comparative analysis of policies. An initial estimate of costs and effects is reported. The stochastic model defined an horizon of equilibrium for the pandemic in more than 40 years, unless large investments are made and policies on prevention are extended. While the current success in terms of decentralization of life-saving treatments is acknowledged, there is still a need to improve and decentralize testing and monitoring of patients. Confidently, the costs associated to anti-retroviral therapies will continue to drop, but in this context it is relevant to identify the emergence of medication toxicities or failure, to act a change from first to second line therapy promptly. All these observations lead to the general suggestions of increasing the domestic financing in the fight against HIV, and of improving the rural HIV-testing.


The present invention relates to novel uridine diphosphate (UDP) - glycosyltransferases, and in particular to a novel ginseng from UDP- glycosyltransferases and their application, by using the conversion -protopanaxadiol UDP- glycosyltransferase ( PPD) preparation of ginsenoside glycosylation ginsenosides, comprising UDP- glycosyltransferase, or a transformant culture was used as an active ingredient will be converted to PPD ginsenoside glycosylation ginsenoside composition by MeJA (methyl jasmonate) expression of a glycosyltransferase UDP- improved, and a composition comprising as an active ingredient MeJA expression increase UDP- glycosyltransferase.


In this review, we explore the bidimensional materials based on phthalocyanine molecules. The phthalocyanine molecule is used as a brick for the construction of new bidimensional materials. In particular, the phthalocyanine molecules can be placed at each vertex or sharing edges to form tessellations. The tessellations available are constrained to the four-fold type of the phthalocyanine molecules and can be a mix of several polygons to increase the number of possibilities. Computationally, the popular tessellations used are the Archimedean tiling, but many others expect to be discovered and well-studied. Different tessellations will provide new symmetric systems to explore. Each new symmetry pattern will modify the physical and chemical properties of the new bi-dimensional material. These new materials present many exciting applications as capture and storage of greenhouse gases and molecular electronic devices. In the present review, we summarized some of these tessellations and the many applications that they can have.


—In this article, we are interested in studying a new kind of Pareto cooperative differential game of backward stochastic differential equation. Based on the characterizations of Pareto optimal solution, the game problem is transformed into a set of single objective optimal control problems with constraints of backward stochastic differential equations. In the first place, a necessary condition for Pareto optimal strategy is established by virtue of Ekeland's variational principle, and then, it is proved that the necessary condition is also sufficient under certain convex assumption. To shed light on the application of the abovementioned theoretical results, a linear–quadratic game and a kind of optimal portfolio and consumption selection problem are also solved explicitly.


Currently circular training is a complex methodological organizational form of physical properties and formation ruhvyh skills in physical education, which includes a number of principles and methods of using exercise. A valuable feature of the circular training is that it successfully combines precise dosage of exercise. Circular training method allows to educate those who engage in such physical qualities as strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and complex forms of manifestation – power, speed–strength endurance and others. Along with this, a circular training can solve a number of educational objectives. First of all – it is associated with the formation of the students' sense of responsibility for them to set goals and objectives, persistence in achieving goals, the desire for physical and psychological self in physical education.  Organization of training sessions circular method allowed to increase the density of the motor and to some extent integrate general physical training with a special that was easily doable in terms of training athletes homogeneous groups (age, training and sports specialization). Studies that examine the effectiveness of the circular training in the training process, remain relevant today.


A systematic control design methodology is introduced for multi-input/multi-output stable open loop plants with multiple saturations. This new methodology is a substantial improvement over previous heuristic single-input/single-output approaches. The idea is to introduce a supervisor loop so that when the references and/or disturbances are sufficiently small, the control system operates linearly as designed. For signals large enough to cause saturations, the control law is modified in such a way to ensure stability and to preserve, to the extent possible, the behavior of the linear control design. Key benefits of this methodology are: the modified compensator never produces saturating control signals, integrators and/or slow dynamics in the compensator never windup, the directional properties of the controls are maintained, and the closed loop system has certain guaranteed stability properties. The advantages of the new design methodology are illustrated in the simulation of an academic example and the simulation of the multivariable longitudinal control of a modified model of the F-8 aircraft. This research was conducted at the M.I.T. Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems with support provided by the General Electric Corporate Research and Development Center, and by the NASA Ames and Langley Research Centers under grant NASA/NAG 2-297. * Now with ALPHATECH Inc. ** Also with HONEYWELL Inc. This paper has been submitted to the 2 7 th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Page 1


One of the most challenging projects in information systems is extracting information from unstructured texts, including medical document classification. I am developing a classification algorithm that classifies a medical document by analyzing its content and categorizing it under predefined topics from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). I collected a corpus of 50 full-text journal articles (N=50) from MEDLINE, which were already indexed by experts based on MeSH. Using natural language processing (NLP), my algorithm classifies the collected articles under MeSH subject headings. I evaluated the algorithm's outcome by measuring its precision and recall of resulting subject headings from the algorithm, comparing results to the actual documents' subject headings. The algorithm classified the articles correctly under 45% to 60% of the actual subject headings and got 40% to 53% of the total subject headings correct. This holds promising solutions for the global health arena to index and classify medical documents expeditiously.


: This study was conducted to investigate optimum conditions for mass production of antagonistic microbes Pseudomonas azotoformans HC5. P. azotoformans HC5 is a potent biological control agent to control brown blotch disease caused by Pseudomonas tolaasii. This markedly showed the antagonistic activity against P. tolaasii, the most destructive pathogen of cultivated mushrooms. To define the optimum conditions for the mass production of the P. azotoformans HC5, we have investigated optimum culture conditions and effects of various nutrient source on the bacterial growth. The optimum initial pH and temperature were determined as pH 6.0 and 15 o C, respectively. The optimal concentration of medium elements for the growth of pathogen inhibitor bacterium was determined as follows: 0.6% adonitol, 1.5% yeast extract, 0.8% NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , 5mM MgSO 4 , and 0.2% asparagine.


The soft errors pose a consistency risk to "modern electronic circuits". This creates security against soft errors a need for numerous applications. The "signal processing frameworks"& communications are without exceptions to this development. For few applications, stimulating choice will be to utilize "algorithmic-based fault tolerance (ABFT) strategies", which attempt to misuse algorithmic as sets to recognize &rectify errors. The communication &"signal processing applications" are much matched for ABFT. One sample will be "Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs)", which are an important building block in numerous frameworks. Numerous security strategies are suggested to identify and rectify the errors in FFTs. Among those, possibly the utilization of Parsevalor addition of block checks will be the well-recognized. In modern communication frameworks, it will be progressively common to discover a few obstructs operating in parallel. Now a day, a methodology, which exploits this truth to execute "fault tolerance on parallel filters" are recommended. In this manuscript, the method will be 1st connected to secure FFTs. Then, 2 enhanced security schemes, which consolidate the utilization of Parseval checks & error correction codes, are suggested and assessed. The outcomes indicate that the suggested methods might further lessen the implementation price of security.


The preparation of the stable compounds [(CH3)2SSCl]+SbF6- and [(CH3)2,SSSCl]+SbF6- from [(CH3)2SH]+SbF6- and SCl2 and S2Cl2, resp., is reported. The isomer [(CH3)(Cl)S–SCH3]+SbCl6- is prepared from [SCl3]+SbCl6- and CH3SH in the molar ratio 1:2. For this salt a crystal structure analysis was carried out (Space group P212121, Z = 4, a = 750.1(4), b = 1133.7(3), c = 1614.8(3) pm).


An optimal air-entraining agent was selected through a systematically experimental and theoretical study on air-entraining and full-light-aggregate concrete (AEFLC) for structural and thermal insulating wall. Among the three air-entraining agents: rosin acid sodium, Polycarboxylate-type agent, Lauric acid-based agent, Lauric acid-based (Huntsman) air entraining agent was considered the best for the air-entraining quantity and quality. As the result, a AEFLC with the apparent density of 1110kg/m3, compressive strength of 18.8MPa in 28 days, and thermal conductivity of 0.38w/(m.K) was obtained.


Xylanase from Aspergillus phoenicis was purified by(NH4)2SO4 fractionation,gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, ion exchange chromatography on DEAESphadex A-50 and HPLC.The enzyme was homogeneous when examined by PAGE,SDS-PAGE,HPLC as well as zymogram on RBB-xylan.No sulphydryl groups and disulphides bridge were detected with DTNB.The sequences of 14 amino acids at N-terminus and 6 amino acids at C-terminus were determined.The amino-terminal sequence showed extensive homology with the sequences of other 6 xylanases and possessed a proposed consensus structure:…Thr…Gly…Gly…Tyr….The carboxyl-terminal sequence was also related to that of other 2 xylanases.


According to the analysis of solid flow behavior in center feed/parallel bunker through videotaping, the flow pattern was changed from plug flow at the initial stage to funnel flow after the middle stage irrespective of the bunker type. As there were some structural parts such as stone box in the bunker, which changes the direction of solid flow, it resulted in the shape change of burden layer, and brought about the particle size distribution in the bunker. Consequently, it was found that the flow pattern and the shape of burden layer in the bunker determined the particle size distribution in the radial direction of the blast furnace. By attaching a central chute around the stone box in the lower bunker, the shape of burden layer was modified to obtain the central gas flow in the blast furnace without removing the stone box. The mechanism of flow region formation at the initial discharge stage was analyzed by an approximate stress analysis based on the method of differential slice.