Cities are warmer than their surrounding rural areas due to the urban heat island effect. The heat island effect occurs in urbanized areas in which structures such as buildings and roads are highly concentrated and green cover is limited. Extreme heat waves resulting from climate change also cause temperature increases in the urban environment. In addition, the urban heat island effect negatively affects the comfort of individuals living in cities and increases the amount of energy required for cooling, especially in warm climate regions. To reduce both the urban heat island effect and the need for cooling, it is necessary to consider wind movement during the urban planning process. Within this context, it is vital that spatial development decisions allow planned building groups to benefit from natural ventilation opportunities. The morphological features of buildings directly affect the available opportunities to use wind energy for passive cooling in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which morphological parameters affect the building-wind relationship. This study presents an analysis of wind simulations made by modeling selected examples of actual residential areas to determine the effects of different morphological features on wind movement. Twelve residential areas located in the Karşıyaka District of İzmir Province were determined for analysis due to their distinct morphological characteristics. The results of the study revealed that the parameters that affect wind movement in urban areas are the array of the buildings, their density, the distances between them, their floor area ratio, and their height. With regard to the provision of wind movement, it was found that the detached housing type is the most advantageous for hot climate zones. In addition, increasing the distances between structures was found to have a positive effect on natural ventilation. However, when viewed at the scale of residential areas, building heights on wind movements in the residential areas depends on the other two parameters. The simulations created for this study show that all morphological features of the building group under analysis affect wind movement, both separately and in combination.


Have gender quotas facilitated pro-woman reform to promote gender equality? A wave of election reform in the 1990s pushed several countries worldwide to adopt legislative gender quotas. These laws mandated a minimum percentage of women per party to be included on ballots. A rapid adjustment in representation was expected to elevate the status of women by producing pro-woman political reform, such as equal pay, reproductive health, and gender-based violence prevention laws. In reality, however, the results of quota laws are mixed. Implementation in France, Slovenia, and Belgium has been marked by successes, such as increased female political representation and substantial pro-woman political reform. Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil, however, are widely regarded as quota failure countries. This paper examines quota failure as a product of gender inequality. It blends quantitative and qualitative analysis to deepen our understanding of how gender inequality limits female politicians' power. This study ultimately concludes that quota success in a give country depends upon a high level of gender equality within that country.


In order to generate more realistic mouth animation in visual speech synthesis,this paper proposed a method based on a two-level learning model.The authors can learn the potential mapping relationship between acoustic features and the visual features through the combination of HMM(Hidden Markov Models) and GA(Genetic Algorithms).This model can decrease the redundant information in abstracting acoustic features for large acoustic sample space and predict more realistic mouth animation.In addition,this paper also proposed a new method based on FAP points in mouth feature expression.This method can eliminate the effect by illumination and decrease the dimensions of mouth feature vector.It improves the speed of training and synthesis.


Combined with synoptic charts and satellite cloud photographs, the cloud microphysical data of stratiform sampled with the airborne particle measurement system(PMS) and hygrothermoscope on 28 May 2007 in Jilin province have been used. The microphysical characteristics of cloud under a cold vortex synoptic process were analyzed. The vertical distributions of particle density, liquid water concentration and mean diameter included cloud droplets, ice crystals and raindrops in stratiform cloud were discussed. The two-dimensional particle images showed that the precipitation in cold clouds played a leading role. The spectrum of cloud particles in different layers existed significant differences between cloud layers and dry layer, and particle concentrations of the dry layer was far less than that in clouds.


Objective To investigate the function change of platelet in the patients with lone atrial fibrillation(AF) and to explore the mechanism of prethrombotic state caused by AF.Methods Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma granule membrane protein-140(GMP-140),TXB_2 and 6-K-PGF_(1α) levels in 21 patients with lone paroxysmal AF(Group A) and 28 patients with lone sustained AF(Group B) during AF and 7 days after returning to sinus rhythm.Levels of these markers were compared with those in 27 patients with rheumatic heart disease and chronic AF(Group C),32 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(Group D)and 20 healthy subjects.Results Patients of group A during AF,group B and group C had high levels of GMP-140,TXB_2 and TXB_2/6-K-PGF_(1α) as compared with patients of group D and the healthy subjects.The plasma levels of these markers in group D were similar to the levels in healthy subjects and patients of group A after 7 days of recovery.There were positive correlations between the duration of AF and the levels of these markers,but it was not relevant to left atrial size on echocardiography,sex,ages,etc.Conclusion These results indicate that AF itself enhances platelet activities,which is influenced by the duration of AF.


A method of determining photoresist image modulation was investigated and utilized, in determining the effect of varied resist thicknesses on modulation for both a high and low contrastsystem. Modulation is defined in terms of maximum and minimum energy required to clear a line/space pattern in the resist image. In This study, useing the resist as the threshold detector, chemical contrast is compared to physical contrast in terms of modulation. Shipley's MF314 and MF312 are the two differentcontrast development systems used. This study has shown that beyond 11700 A of resist thickness, physical modulation is reduced to a measure of difference between Emax and Emin, and tells very little about the true modulation. This is in part due to a loss of developer interaction with modulation at resists thicker than 11000 A. This holds for both MF312 and MF314.


Transient analysis is an important feature of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). In this paper, for enhancing fault ride through (FRT) capability of DFIG based wind turbine a DC chopper is used which is connected across the DC-link capacitor. Two schemes were observed; the first scheme uses one insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switch in series with a resistor to show the effect of the DC chopper magnitude. In this scheme, the best DC chopper resistor was obtained. The second scheme uses a circuit breaker to determine the best insertion time and duration of operation of the DC chopper. Proposed schemes were applied to a DFIG to investigate the transient analysis. Simulations were done by using PSCAD/EMTDC software. Simulation results show the DC chopper can adequately improve the FRT capability of the DFIG and also show the DC chopper resistor should be chosen carefully, because during a grid fault the large value may affect the system performance.


X-ray Computer Tomography (XCT) and Real Time Ultrasonic Inspection (RTUIS) has been used to analyze fiber orientation and flow patterns in both discontinuous long- fiber thermoset composites and in long-fiber injection molded composites. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a non-destructive technique that may be used to provide structural information within an object by mathematically reconstructing its 3-D image from a series of projections, providing the ability to make quantitative measurement on complex structures. Material quantity and size limitations are generally eliminated (up to the limits of the XCT size) and the images may be taken at any required section of the sample with no extensive pre-imaging sample preparation. The Real Time Ultrasonic Imaging System (RTUIS) developed at PNNL uses a liquid surface ultrasonic detector that produces an instantaneous two-dimensional image. Images are formed in 100-μs and are displayed at video frame rates (60 images per second). At any instant a 3-inch diameter field-of-view is presented. Using 5-MHz ultrasound, the field displays 5,625 resolvable picture elements instantaneously. Over the past two years, PNNL has developed the XCT and RTUIS techniques specifically applicable to long-fiber injection molded thermoplastics and random long-fiber thermoset molded composites. These techniques provide a basis for optimizing processmore » parameters and fiber orientations and in this paper, examples of the techniques in practice will be provided on both injection molded and compression molded parts.« less


To investigate the consumer's decision making process for organic food products by empirically extending the theory of planned behavior for the organic food products consumption in India. Researchers surveyed 188 respondents from Delhi NCT region. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Partial Least Square-Regression, using SPSS, Jamovi, and Smart PLS.2 respectively in this study for analysis. The model explained in this paper had moderately significant coefficient of determination, high predictive relevance, and high goodness of fit index. This paper has practical as well as theoretical implication as it gives researchers a scope of extension and modification of Theory of Planned Behavior in organic food consumption behavior of Indian Consumers. This paper informs marketers that accessibility plays a key role in governing attitude towards purchase behavior and in turn indirectly to the actual purchase behavior. The study also studied the effect of age and income on the actual buying behavior.


Abstract Over the past few decades, China has produced a significant number of films that use dialect. Many of them have been screened in international film festivals or have been distributed in different countries. Focusing on Chinese-dialect films, this paper examines how dialects in such films are used to represent a reality often masked by a mainstream, Putonghua discourse; and how Chinese-dialect films travel cross-culturally through audiovisual translation. To address these questions, I use a case study The World (2004), a multilingual film made by Jia Zhangke, China's most prominent art house director known for his consistent and ubiquitous use of dialects. Adopting a descriptive perspective, the case study investigates the multilingual elements of the original and translated film. It mainly focuses on the strategies adopted by the translator when dealing with multilingualism in the film, and the effects of such strategies on character and plot development in the translated version.


LUCIA PARISI*1, MARIA RUBERTO*2, FRANCESCO PRECENZANO*3, TERESA DI FILIPPO1, CARMEN RUSSOTTO1, AGATA MALTESE1, MARGHERITA SALERNO4, MICHELE ROCCELLA1 1Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy 2Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties; Second University of Naples 3Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry; Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine; Second University of Naples 4Sciences for Mother and Child Health Promotion, University of Palermo, Italy


The invention discloses a compound preparation for curing liver fibrosis, adopting the following raw materials or the extraction of the alcohol-water or the water of the raw materials as the active compotents to make it: densen 416-936g, Radix astragali 277-624g, Schisandra chinensis 277-624g, red chinese harbaceous peony 277-624g, root of herbaceous peony 138-312g, fruit of glossy privet 277-624g, lesser hypericum 277-624g, eclipta prostrata 138-312g, and licorice root 138-312g. Mix the rough powder of each raw material to make one or multiple combination bodies, use alcohol-water or water to heat-back flow or filter, to obtain one or multiple extract liquids as the active componentso±-o°, and mix the active component directly or mix multiple active components evenly to make into the needed drug forms.


The formalism of functions of commuting nilpotent variables allows to describe multi-qubit pure states and their entanglement. The family of states defined by the generalized trigonometric η-functions is specially interesting from mathematical and physical point of view (it covers the set of physically interesting states, including: Werner states, cluster Werner states, GHZ states etc.). We analyze the behavior of two recently proposed symmetric entanglement monotones on the trigonometric states.


The present invention leaves, hybrid organic / inorganic membrane Niyotte support wood wo non-covalent sex coating methods Nikansuru. The method, on the supporting member, and the polymer deposition step of depositing an organic conjugated polymer comprising a type X each organic groups, on the support member, each nano comprising one or more Y-type each organic group and a nano-particle deposition step of depositing particles, X-type organic groups and Y-type organic groups is characterized in that it is capable of forming a hydrogen-type bonds between these respective organic groups. Typically, membrane to reach the desired thickness, generally alternately repeating the deposition process. The deposition may be performed on the entire support, or may be performed only on a part of the support.


A Digital Mock-Up contains a set of component. What are the possible treatments that can be derived from this model? An analysis of the DMU content is performed to answer this question and show the lack of consistency in a DMU explaining the difficulties in performing automated treatments to derive technological and functional information about components. Then, a first set of proposals is described, aiming at improving the consistency of DMUs and making possible the automated treatments to derive functional information of components from conventional interfaces between components.


Fe3O4-coated microsilica composites were synthesized by a novel method. The struction like precursor Fe3O4 nanoparticles as the shell and microsillica as the core for the composite has been prepared by chemical reduction method. The Fe3O4-coated microsilica composite presents a saturation magnetization value of 38.03 emu/g, which is sufficient to complete magnetic separation. The synthesized magnetic composites are characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that Fe3O4 nanoparticles successfully coated on microsilica.


Pheromone-stimulated males of Heliothis zea (Boddie) were observed in a wind tunnel to determine the importance of vision as a supplementary detection method to locate calling H. zea female moths. The visual stimuli used in this study were a dead male H. zea moth and a mock female moth constructed of heavy brown paper. Data indicated that males use vision as a supplementary detection method when near a pheromone release site.


The number of cities in Japan that has introduced or planned to introduce the parking guidance and information (PGI) system is increasing. The PGI system provides parking location and vacancy information to drivers. It is expected to reduce vehicle movement in searching vacant places and to reduce waiting queues in front of parking entrances. The degree of contribution to reducing congestion is dependent on drivers' response to the PGI system. Several studies on this relatively new field are beginning and this paper also focuses on this area, especially aiming to quantify the effect of waiting queuing time and parking location information on drivers' parking location choice behavior. Following the brief literature review, parking location choice models are constructed including parking information as well as usual explanatory variables such as walking time between parking facilities and final destinations. Then with dynamic micro simulation, the effect of PGI system is evaluated in terms of waiting queuing time reduction. Dynamic micro simulation technique, the time series sample enumeration method of discrete choice models, is useful in handling the dynamic aspect of PGI system. In conclusion, waiting queuing time information itself and its accuracy influence drivers' parking location choice behavior. Moreover, the information on parking location choice alternatives has a great contribution to decreasing parking waiting queues.


Abstract The nature and scale of the shocks to the demand for, and the supply of, home childcare during the COVID-19 pandemic provide a unique opportunity to increase our understanding of the division of home labour and the determinants of specialization within the household. We collected real-time data on daily lives to document the impact of measures to control COVID-19 on UK families with children under the age of 12. We document that these families have been doing the equivalent of a working week in childcare, with mothers bearing most of the burden. The additional hours of childcare done by women are less sensitive to their employment than they are for men, leaving many women juggling work and (a lot more) childcare, with likely adverse effects on their mental health and future careers. However, some households, those in which men have not been working, have taken greater steps towards an equal allocation, offering the prospect of sharing the burden of childcare more equally in the future.


This research identified that the nutrients found in the sediments of a series of Perth wetlands exert a major influence on the extent and regularity of algal blooms that occur in the wetlands. Various catchment management strategies and a conceptual computer model have been recommended to assist with the control of these blooms.


Switched reluctance motor have broad application prospect. However,high torque ripple is a seriousdrawback at low speed,and limits its widespread application on the automobile industry and other fields. SRM directinstantaneous torque control strategy based on constructed flexible neural network was proposed,which refers to theideas of traditional direct instantaneous torque control to solve the strong nonlinear and high coupling of the SRM. Inthe improved control strategy,the outer-loop incomplete derivative fuzzy-PID is used to adjust the motor speed,and theinner-loop flexible neural network self-adaptive PID is employed to regulate the motor torque by using the square of thetorque error as performance index function. In the Matlab/Simulink environment,simulation results prove that theimproved DITC strategy proposed reduces the torque ripple of the SRM more effective at low speed,comparing with thetraditional DITC strategy.


In this paper,Al:ZnO films on glass substrate were prepared by Sol-Gel method successfully with highly preferred orientation along the(002) plane,high transmittance in the UV,US and near IR ranges and low electrical resistivity.Their microstructures,electrical and optical properties were studied with X-ray diffraction spectroscopy(XRD) and SEM.The result showed that they had a polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure with highly preferred orientation along the(002) plane,their optical transmittance were over 85% and their electrical resistivity varied from 1.5×10~(-2) Ω·cm to 8.2×10~(-2) Ω·cm.


I. In the Beginning II. Desert Challenges III. Man in the Negev IV. The Negev--a Desert V. Landforms and Landscapes VI. The Geological History of the Negev, by Yehoshua Itzhaki VII. Ancient Runoff Agriculture in the Negev VIII. The Nitzana Papyri IX. Stone Mounds and the Mechanics of Runoff X. Drinking Water in the Desert XI. Tapping Underground Water: the Chain of Wells XII. The Reconstruction of the Farms XIII. Agricultural Results: Field Crops, Vegetables, Medicinal and Pasture Plants XIV. Agricultural Results: Fruit Trees XV. Microcatchments (Negarin) XVI. Adaptation of Plants to Desert Conditions. I XVII. Adaptation of plants to Desert Conditions. II XVIII. Adaptation of Animals to Desert Conditions, by Amiram Shkolnik XIX. The Farm at Wadi Mashash XX. Recent Developments XXI. Epilogue Bibliography Index


Although dialogue is a common word in educational theory, its full significance is diluted if it is seen as a matter of exchange or negotiation of prior intellectual positions. In fact, the dia‐ of dialogue indicates through: dialogue moves through participants and they through it. Dialogue allows participants to have thoughts they could not have had on their own, yet to recognise these thoughts as developments of their own thinking. On this understanding of dialogue, education is a transformative rather than simply accumulative process. Similarly, team teaching is often thought to involve no more than the summative logic of sharing loads and adding perspectives. In dialogic pedagogy, however, team teaching refers to the way that the supportive relationship between teachers opens opportunities for students to join the team as teachers. Although teachers and students have different responsibilities, all learn through a collective dialogue. The article draws on our practice of dialogic team teaching large first‐year classes.


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to calculate the basal metabolic rate with the Mifflin equation based on the expected body mass for normal body mass index values in obese patients treated in spa conditions.

METHODS
Authors recruited patients with morbid obesity (body mass index>40 kg/m2 ) and non-obese controls (body mass index<30 kg/m2 ). Authors included 104 patients with morbid obesity (mean body mass index ±standard deviation, 46.9 ± 2.1) treated in spa conditions, and 90 non-obese controls (mean body mass index 28 ± 1.3).

RESULTS
The mean basal metabolic rate calculated based on actual body mass was 2088 ± 303 kcal in patients with morbid obesity, and it was 1424 ± 268 kcal in non-obese controls. Basal metabolic rate calculated based on expected body mass for normal body mass index decreased significantly in patients with morbid obesity (p<0.01), but not in non-obese controls. Accordingly, energy expenditure and planned caloric intake was significantly lower when basal metabolic rate was calculated based on expected body mass than actual body mass in patients with morbid obesity, but not in non-obese controls (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Expected body mass for normal body mass index, should be used to calculate basal metabolic rate in patients with morbid obesity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The parallelization of electromagnetic finite element method (FEM) computing is implemented in this paper. The FEM code's parallel efficiency in China purely domestic "Sunway Blue Light" supercomputer is reported in the first time. Above 60% efficiency is obtained when CPU cores from 128 scaled to 1,024. Finally, the program is used to calculate the 64 elements feeding network model that is divided into about 1.8 million tetrahedrons.


In recent decades, criminologists around the world have observed a decrease in the level of crime, especially violent crime, that is, the so-called "great crime drop". However, the actual safety may not correspond to subjective safety, i.e., how people perceive their safety against various threats. In this article, we use the Russian Crime Victimization Survey(2021) conducted by the Institute for the Rule of Law at the European University at St. Petersburg to study the relationships between fear of crime, and the sociodemographic and the criminological characteristics of the respondents. These data make it possible to assess how the experience of victims of various crimes and their fear of different types of crimes are related. We find that the relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and fear of crime in Russia are broadly similar to those observed in other countries. At the same time, we identify a number of noteworthy features regarding crime victims. First, the victim experience increases the level of fear of crime on average. Second, the more serious the crime incidents people have experienced in the past, the higher their level of fear of crime. Third, victims of classic in-person crimes (such as theft or assault) often fear future crime. Moreover, in case of property crime, they tend to fear future property crime but not violence. At the same time, victims of violence can fear future property crime along with violence. The fact that the incident was remote (committed via the Internet or telephone) is not related to the fear of crime. Thus, the fear of "classic" crimes is experienced differently by the victims as compared to remote crimes which poses broader questions about the dynamics of perceived safety and the demand for the law enforcement involvement in the future.


Herein, we discuss Ni(II) and Co(II) uptake efficacy of a polysaccharide from Artemisia vulgaris (AVH) modified by impregnation with succinic anhydride followed by the treatment with sodium bicarbonate. The ion-exchange affinity of AVH increased significantly after its modification to sodium salt (Na-SAV). The surface charge of sorbent Na-SAV was evaluated by estimating the point of zero-charge pH, that is, pHZPC and it was found to be 4.75. Sorption data fit well to Langmuir isothermal, pseudo-second-order kinetic and ion-exchange model. Sorption maxima (Qmax in mg g–1) of sorbent Na-SAV evaluated from Langmuir isotherm was perceived to be 115.8 mg g–1 for Ni(II) and 170.7 mg g–1 for Co(II). The values of thermodynamic triplet, such as ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° were appeared negative and revealed exothermic and spontaneous mode of sorption process. Additionally, the sorbent Na-SAV was found regenerated over five repetitive cycles without any prominent decline in sorption capacity.


Like most common chronic conditions epilepsy is managed at the interface between primary and secondary care. In 1990 the cost to the health service for each person with epilepsy was pounds sterling600 in the year in which the diagnosis was made, this figure falling to less than pounds sterling200 in subsequent years, when seizures are well controlled.1 The cost of social services was five to 10 times higher, depending on the frequency of seizures. Better care and fewer seizures might therefore lead to a net gain for both patients and society. Most of that improvement needs to be made in the social aspects of care.

People who experience one or more seizures take different pathways through the medical care system. Most initially see their general practitioner, who will, if epilepsy seems probable, refer them to a specialist. For their first appointment patients will probably be allocated three quarters of an hour. The specialist may confirm the diagnosis at the end of this or at a …


A new probabilistic method is presented for trajectory prediction in the absence of intent information. Predicted trajectories are drawn from a novel navigation model that represents aircraft motion as a Markov chain of maneuver mode change points, learned by clustering prior observations of aircraft mode change points by position and type of maneuver. The navigation model maps current aircraft state in continuous space to a discrete sequence of mode change points, and generalizes this to predict the position of the aircraft at some time in the future. This approach addresses the weakness of previous Markov model-based approaches that require a fine discretization of the state space by representing only features of the state space where a branch in aircraft trajectory is likely to occur. Learning these features can be achieved with a much smaller training data set than required for other a large, finely discretized Markov model. Since the number of nodes in the navigation model is small relative to the size of the state space, this approach also allows very computationally efficient prediction to be performed in real time. The resulting trajectory predictions are shown to be far more accurate over along time period than can be achieved with current practical algorithms such as TCAS and TSAA, particularly in the challenging uncontrolled airport environment.


The Dutch government increasingly expects local citizens to take
on tasks in their local setting. However, increased mobility and
communications mean that this local setting plays an ever smaller
part in their lives. The question is therefore how engaged Dutch
people today feel with their neighbourhood or village, and how
willing they are to accept the new responsibilities which they are
being asked to take on close to home.

This study investigates the various ways in which residents of
Dutch villages feel attached to their village, and how important
this local attachment is for their willingness to take action for
local causes. It also looks at differences between villages in the
degree to which residents do something for their local setting. As
residents are given more responsibility for their local
environment, the quality of that environment also becomes
increasingly dependent on those residents. Differences between
villages in the willingness of residents to act can therefore
exacerbate existing geographical inequalities.
The study draws on data from the Socially Vital Countryside
database (Sociaal Vitaal Platteland), a survey in which
more than 7,000 residents of outlying areas and small villages
(less than 3,000 inhabitants) took part.


: An on-line piezoelectric measuring system for triaxial cutting force of individual tooth in whirling process is developed, in order to monitor cutter status, study cutting mechanism, and accomplishes high performance hard whirling. Performance requirement of measuring system is discussed, and the dynamometer construction based on whirling machine tool is expressed. Construction reasonableness of the dynamometer is identified by FEM. Main performance parameters of the dynamometer are brought out by static calibration of steady load test and dynamic identification of plus test. The dynamometer is tested in operating whirling conditions. A cutting force prediction model of thread whirling process with double-arc ball track normal cross-section, based on shearing and ploughing effect, is developed in order to validate the testing data, and there is a good agreement between experimental and predicted cutting force trends. It is found that the measuring system is well qualified to monitoring cutting force of individual tooth in thread whirling process, which offers an essential technical means for cutting mechanism study of hard whirling process.


We have carried out computer simulations to study the effect of merging on the Fundamental Plane (FP) relation. Initially, systems are spherical Jaffe models following a simple scaling relation (M/R2e= constant). They have been put on the FP by imposing different M/L values. Various orbital characteristics have been considered. Our results show that the merger remnants lie very close to the FP of the progenitors. Although non-homology is introduced by the merging process, mergers among homologous galaxies leave a pre-existing FP-relation intact. As a side result we find that variations in the point of view lead to non-negligible scatter about the FP.


Back-Translation is always used for testing the quality of translation.This paper,on the basis of analyzing the features of independently-enrolled students' English learning,discusses about the advantages as well as the approach of applying back-translation in teaching independently-enrolled students.


Little progress has been made in reducing agricultural protection in the past 35 years despite a substantial reduction in trade barriers for other sectors. The importance attached to food and agricultural issues and the influence of politically powerful interest groups have precluded reforms in domestic policies which would make a reduction in trade barriers possible. The difficulty in measuring the level of agricultural protection--complicated by the prevalence of numerous nontaritt barriers--inhibits the dissemination of information which would stimulate the development of political constituencies opposed to protectionist measures. The major U.S. contribution to the negotiation of a liberalization of agricultural trade may be U.S. concessions in nonagricultural sectors


This literatur target to examine the impact of regional financial accessibility and the presentation of financial reports on the accountability of regional financial management in the North Aceh Region. The researchers employed purposive sampling to collect primary data from a sample of 104 individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis and standard assumption tests were conducted to assess the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings indicate that the accountability of regional financial management in the North Aceh Region is significantly influenced by the accessibility of regional financial resources. However, the introduction of budget summaries does not have a substantial impact on the accountability of territorial financial management in the same region. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the availability of regional finance and the introduction of financial reports significantly affect the accountability of regional financial management in the North Aceh Region.


Unless the natural history of a lifetime disease is known, it is impossible to determine with accuracy the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of any therapeutic or preventive measure. Therefore, in a program designed to eradicate a disease it is essential to know the course it takes among people in the absence of specific treatment. Tuberculosis and syphilis run somewhat parallel courses in that each one begins with primary lesions which usually subside without causing serious illness or much destruction of tissues. Dependable immunity does not develop. In both tuberculosis and syphilis, chronic forms of the disease usually do not appear until years and even decades after the initial infection. When seemingly effective drugs became available for treatment of syphilis, attention was called to the absence of a well-documented study on the natural history of untreated syphilis. Therefore, the immediate and remote prognosis in untreated cases was not known. Thus, there was


. This article utilizes an internationally comparative data set to examine the potentiality of comprehensive business associations to define and articulate the interests of business as a whole. We argue that the organizational structures of comprehensive associations - the degree to which they integrate diverse interest areas and they compete with one another- are critical to the degree of probable influence gained in a given country. Using data from seven countries - Austria. Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom - a concept of business cohesion is constructed based on these structural properties. Having differentiated among the countries in terms of the cohesion of business associations, we then relate these differences to variations in the participation of associations in the formulation and implementation of public policy.


In August 26th 1767, in the episcopate of Concepcion (Chile), the expulsion of the controls of Spanish king to the members of Compania de Jesus, that they ha...


The purpose of this study was to identify the hair management behavior and satisfaction of hair care products of women. A self-administered questionnaire developed by researchers was used. The subjects were 500 women who were residing in Chonbuk province from Aug, to Sep, 2002. Frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were calculated. And One-way ANOVA and t-test were done. The results were as follows: 1. Most women were satisfied with the condition, gloss, and thickness of their hair, but unsatisfied with their hair color. As they were getting older, their satisfaction were lowered about their hair condition and gloss. 2. Most women went to beauty shops once or twice a month to have their hair permanent waved or cut, and some for dyeing or dry. Few women went to beauty shop for make-up and peticures. 3. Women did frequent hair management behaviors such as cleansing, style, and providing nutrition, but caring dandruff and preventing alopecia were relatively less. Older or married women did more frequent hair management behaviors such as caring dandruff, preventing alopecia, dyeing, styling, and providing nutrition. Women used cleansing products to manage their hair, and styling products and nutrients to provide their hair with nutrition. 4. Specially price and efficiency satisfaction of dandruff care products, alopecia preventing products, dyeing products were very low.


This paper proposes a novel integrated discriminant model using the UCI urban land cover dataset. Remote sensing image classification uses computers to perform feature processing and model classification of pictures obtained by satellite remote sensing. In order to achieve accurate land type classification, the current research mainly focuses on extracting features from pictures and how to train models to achieve classification based on features. This paper proposes a novel method for the latter, using Random Forest, SVM, Naïve Bayes, and KNN, these four supervised machine learning algorithms to train each set of data extracted from the different coarser scales of the original image and compare the prediction accuracy of algorithms. The algorithm that performs best at the corresponding scale data is used as the model at that scale. Finally, judging each model's prediction weights the results to obtain the final result. Experiments have shown that the model performs superiorly on all scales compared to existing methods.


This paper reports the findings of a case study of the implementation of the education with production ewp curriculum reform 13years after it was first introduced in eight pilot schools in Zimbabwe. The findings of the study show that education with production was introduced as top-down curriculum reform and that a nongovernmental organization, set up to experiment with the innovation and spread the idea to other schools using a stepwise approach, lacked decisional power over personnel matters. The study also found that erratic in-service training, periodic staff transfers, lack of equipment and incentives, and lack of autonomy and independent power for the implementing organization further inhibited effective implementation. In addition, the policy of education with production became marginalized at the national education planning level because of changing socio-political priorities combined with negative dispositions of education planners. Finally, ewp found itself in unfair competition with the traditi...


The background of this research is that the career development of employees at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Serang Regency tends to decline, allegedly due to a lack of skills and work experience.
 This study aims to determine the effect of skills and work experience partially and simultaneously on the career development of employees at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Serang Regency.
The research method used is descriptive and quantitative. The population was 84 employees at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Serang Regency and the sample size was 84 employees, while the sampling technique used in this study was saturated sampling. The data analysis technique used includes validity test, reliability test, classical assumptions, correlation test, coefficient of determination, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing.
The results of the study obtained a hypothesis test of the skill variable on career development obtained tcount> ttable (3,913> 1,989) which means significant, work experience on career development obtained tcount> ttable (4,627> 1,989) means significant, while skills and work experience on career development obtained Fcount> Ftable (51,616> 3,11) means significant.


Self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) are grown on vicinal GaAs (100) substrates by using metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). An abnormal temperature dependence of bimodal size distribution of InAs quantum dots is found. As the temperature increases, the density of the small dots grows larger while the density of the large dots turns smaller, which is contrary to the evolution of QDs on exact GaAs (100) substrates. This trend is explained by taking into account the presence of multiatomic steps on the substrates. The optical properties of InAs QDs on vicinal GaAs(100) substrates are also studied by photoluminescence (PL). It is found that dots on a vicinal substrate have a longer emission wavelength, a narrower PL line width and a much larger PL intensity.


The experiences of hospital facility managers and consideration of the existing doctrines for commissioning building facilities have prompted the development of a new commissioning doctrine specifically conceived for health facilities by a special committee of the American Society for Healthcare Engineering. The new Health Facility Commissioning Guidelines present a doctrine calling for various tasks in the commissioning process from planning through hand-off to the health facility's operations and maintenance staff. Facets of this new doctrine are explained, differentiating it from existing doctrines that might otherwise be relied upon. The organizational implications of adopting this doctrine for the delivery of health facilities are intended to bring efficiency to the project delivery system and enhance the communication among different stakeholders. A project that is piloting this new commissioning doctrine is described, and lessons learned through the early stages of this project draw attention to the real challenges and practical solutions devised to address them. Student interns are being employed in the task of documenting and analyzing this pilot implementation. Their major findings illustrate the needs for future study. BACKGROUND Hospitals are mission critical facilities designed to operation on a non-stop schedule to provide care for client occupants whose physical and mental well being are compromised by the onset of various forms of illness. Therefore, healthcare providers have more strict requirements for the performance of the built environment in the function of their various unique systems, e.g. heating, air, medical gas system, tubing system, etc. Notwithstanding, higher compliance standards are implemented in healthcare facilities when it comes to fire protection and their requirements for redundancy of life-critical operating systems. Based on 2011 results of an annual survey by Health Facilities Management (HFM) and the American Society for Healthcare Engineering (ASHE), most of the nation's largest healthcare facilities are under renovation (Carpenter, 2011). Infection control, vibration, noise and dust due to construction activity are considered as the major concerns for renovation projects in healthcare facilities. In an effort to optimize performance of healthcare facilities to meet future challenges, ASHE published their


Flux‐film‐coated liquid phase epitaxy (FFC‐LPE), in which a liquid Ga–Na film is coated on a GaN surface, is used for the synthesis of GaN crystals. The addition of a minor amount of additives of group II elements (Ca and Sr) shows the effects that the inclusions are eliminated from a GaN crystal while significantly reducing dislocation density during FFC‐LPE. By performing FFC‐LPE growth with Ca and Sr additives, the wettability of the seed crystal and the flux is greatly improved, resulting in the achievement of the single molecule step growth mode. Inclusions that are inevitably included in the GaN crystal through the conventional Na flux method can be prohibited by the realization of this growth mode. The dislocation density of the seed–GaN decreases to 2.5 × 106 cm−2 (<1/100th of the seed crystal) after the growth thickness of 10 µm by means of the FFC‐LPE method.


Two single crystals were grown by using the strain-anneal technique. Three rectangular parallelepiped samples were cut from these crystals with the long dimension directed along one of the hexagonal axes. These are designated as the <1120> a-axis, the <1 OTO> b-axis, and the <0001 > c-axis. Magnetic measurements were made on the a-axis and the b-axis samples with the field up to 18 kilo-oersteds applied along the long dimension of the samples at temperatures from 4. 2° to about 330° K. The a-axis was found to be the direction of easy magnetization while the caxis is very hard magnetically. Magnetic anisotropy was observed in the magnetization curves below 110° K and above 110° K it gradually disappeared. In a plot of magnetic moment versus temperature a Neel temperature was observed at 178. 3° K. This is to be compared with the value of 178. 5°K reported by Behrendt et al. (25). The saturation moment, a oo 0 obtained by an extrapolationonhe data was 355. 1±2 cgs units/ gm'by a T2 plot. This is to be compared with the theoretical value of 343. 8 cgs units/ gm. The value of the Curie constant, Cg, in equation 2. 6 is obtained from the slope of the 1 versus temperature plot. This gives a value of 10. 83 Bohr magneto~for the l..Leff· The theoretical value of !Jeff is given by the equation [ 1/2 1-Lef£ = g J(J+l)] The ground state of dysprosium is 6H 15;,. 2 resulting in values of g = 4/3 and J = 15/2. One obtains Ueff = 10. 65 ffohr magneton. Electrical resistivity measurements were made on the b-axis and c-axis samples. Both the c-axis and b-axis resistivity curves exhibit an abrupt change in slope at 88. 4° K, which indicates the ferromagneticantiferromagnetic transition temperature. A Neel temperature of 179. 6±1 o K was found from the change of slope of the b-axis resistivity curve. Above the Neel point the plots of resistivity versus temperature are essentially linear. It is to be noticed that the really significant resistivity anisotropy takes place in the paramagnetic region and near the Neel point. ':~This report is based on an M.S. thesis submitted by Terry Ting Jew, February, 1963, to Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.


The construction method of the joint section connecting bridge and tunnel was simulated by FEM. After Calculating and comparing the result of stresses and effect of displacement-control in the surrounding rock under three methods of construction, it shown that the side heading method was very advantageous for the stress concentration, and the CRD method provided a good control of bottom heave, as for the top heave, the double side heading method was more favorable. From the dynamic analysis, the vehicle load is found to have, though small, wide influence. What's more, the lapping distance between the bridge and tunnel is better more than 4m, and the influence from the high running speed should be paid attention to.


In this paper we present a new Peer-to-Peer approach for enabling data dissemination,using filtering techniques, t hat provides support for many types of collaborative applications. Our architecture, called WhiteBoard P2P, is designe d to act as an innovative distributed data stream processing system which is vendor-independent and technologyindependent. Our infrastructure can support the interconnection of existing legacy systems as well as new systems, and allows dynamic joining and leaving of collaborative participants on a need-to basis. Furthermore, our system is designed to support mobile and ad-hoc networks that are unstable, by allowing disconnected operations while enabling dynamic restructuring of the network as required. We are currently testing our system in the context of disaster management, as part of the Secure-CITI project.


The advantage of annular chromatography is the continuous separation of a feed mixture and the simultaneously regeneration of the medium. Therefore it is necessary to know the period, how long such a system can be operated in a continuous manner. In our case the long-term experiment could be performed without a change in performance for one week. Afterwards the peak has started to shift and the variance has increased. In further studies we have demonstrated that increasing the angular velocity has no influence on the resolution of two model compounds. The resolution and HETP (height equivalent to one theoretical plate) stayed constant keeping the loading factor constant. In annular chromatography there are three different dispersions that contribute to peak broadening, axial, radial, and circumferential. The experiments with the stationary annular column showed, that the circumferential dispersion in annular chromatography can be neglected.


RSV is the single most important vaccine-preventable pediatric disease without a vaccine program. Fears of recurrence of the clinical experience with a formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine candidate in the 1960s, which led to enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) and death following natural infection (1), continue to cast a shadow on the development of RSV vaccines for use in infants.


The complex structure and surface property of porous media have significant impact on its accumulation and adsorption capacity. Based on the fractal theory, this paper presents a fractal pore structure model for shales. The effect of different pore structures on fractal dimension is discussed, and the influence of fractal dimension and pore size distribution on porosity is also analyzed. It is shown that the fractal dimension D decreases with the increase of structure parameter q/m for a certain pore diameter ratio, and porosity has positive relationship with fractal dimension. This paper also presents a multilayer fractal adsorption model which takes into account the roughness of adsorption surface by using fractal theory. With the introduction of pseudo-saturated vapor pressure in the supercritical temperature condition, the proposed adsorption model can be applied into a wider range of temperature. Based on the low-pressure nitrogen adsorption and methane isothermal adsorption experiments, the effect of fractal dimension on the adsorption behavior of shales is discussed. Fractal dimension has significant impact on the surface adsorption property and adsorption layer number n. The monolayer saturated adsorption volume Vm increases with the increase of D, while parameter C has the opposite variation trend. Finally, the optimal combination of fractal parameters for describing pore structure of shale samples is selected.


The miscellaneous musical playing is a popular art,which is esteemed as a non-material cultural heritage in Hebei.A historical and regional study enables audience to understand the year,name,style,and category of the each of the plays.


This paper examines how distributed leadership involving actor–object couplings may contribute to coordinated action across disparate thought worlds. We draw on ideas from French pragmatist sociology and on a case study of a successful collaborative research project involving participants from academia, government and practice settings to show how various kinds of objects (including material artifacts, more abstract concepts and human-material assemblages such as committees and procedures) come to participate in the leadership practices of multiple individuals, allowing the connection among different worlds. We suggest that adjustments between groups involved in collaborative work do not necessarily occur through the sharing of a common vision but through the ability of leaders to translate projects in terms that can be appreciated by the groups that must be mobilized. These translation activities are distributed widely between leaders and objects that co-construct each other. Objects frame action and give meaning to people, participating in the construction of leaders' roles.


Since the reform and opening up,the economy and society of every province have experienced rapid development,and the original expansion of economic difference among provinces turn to be convergent.But in most of the provinces,the interior regional economy shows a relatively big difference and even a tendency of difference expanding.Under the background of national construction of harmonious society and balanced development strategy,this article takes Yunnan as an example,which has many frontiers and minorities,to analyze reasons for regional economic difference,and put forward a thinking of coordinated economic development.


The results of laser beam refraction studies in a continuous optical discharge (COD) stabilized in a focused (f4.4) laser beam and coaxial gas flow are reported. A plasma ball formed in COD acts as a defocusing plasma lens where lensing effect occurs mainly due to distributed free electrons. The properties of the plasma lens depending on the electron density distribution and controlled through a gas flow velocity have being studied. Intensity profiles of sustaining laser beam (M2 = 6.6) transmitted through the plasma together with intensity patterns of visible plasma images were simultaneously detected and analyzed. It was found that the dependency of average refraction angle of the sustaining beam in COD plasma on a gas flow velocity drops sharply as the velocity increased 1.5 m/s from initial value of 0.06 radians to milliradians, so that at higher gas flow velocities the beam refraction does not affect plasma properties. A shape of the curve of the refraction on gas flow velocity reveals the peculiarities of lensing properties of the plasma ball. The possibility of controlling the lensing effect in plasma by means of the gas flow was also demonstrated.


Abstract A new species, Diplazium fimbriatum (Athyriaceae), is described and illustrated. It is endemic to the humid montane forests of eastern Brazil, a region known for its high level of endemism and species richness. A comparative table to distinguish it from similar species of Diplazium occurring in Brazil is provided.


The nanometer NiO/MgO composite particles were prepared via impregnation method.The phase and morphology of NiO/MgO composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy.The catalysis of nanometer particles(NiO,MgO),NiO+MgO mixture particles and NiO/MgO composite particles the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP) was investigated by DSC.The Results show that NiO particles are highly dispersed on the MgO support.Catalytic performance of the obtained nanometer NiO/MgO composite particles is superior to that of corresponding single ingredient and NiO+MgO mixture particles.Nanometer NiO/MgO can make the high-temperature decomposition peak value of AP decrease by 92.2 ℃ and the temperature difference value between the low and high temperature decomposition peak reduce up to 10.6 ℃,which indicates good catalytic performance.The supporting effect of the nanometer MgO can effectively prevent the aggregation of NiO particles and increase the active sites.


In 1996 the American Heart Association (AHA) published recommendations concerning the cardiovascular component of the preparticipation exam in competitive athletes as part of an AHA medical scientific statement. This article will review the rationale for the development of such a statement and how it has been incorporated into the current state-of-the-art preparticipation exam of athletes.


As the paper on chlamydia screening by Dixon-Woods et al in this issue (p 335) shows, qualitative research can tell you how patients are referred to sexual health services and why they come. These provide compelling reasons for integrating qualitative with more standard quantitative methods in STI research. The control of infection depends not only on eVective prevention and treatment of pathogens but also on the interactions between pathogen, host, and environment. Qualitative methodologies are integral to our understanding of at least two points in this triangle. Interview, fieldwork, and a range of other methods allow us to describe what people say and what they do, and to investigate the often complex relationships between the two. The paper highlights findings from interviews with patients that are relevant to clinical and public health planning. The authors show that patients are "ambassadors" of the services and thus underscore the importance of lay rather than professional networks of referral to services. They demonstrate the importance of being able to phone for results and thus the need for patients to retain an element of control over interactions in the clinic. They show too that consultations are prompted less by concerns about a specific infection and more by a range of symptoms or behavioural cues that could fit with a number of infections, a generic "STI" as it were. The major objection to qualitative research has generally been one of scale. STI clinic staV and scholars from other traditions may already "know" the findings of studies such as the ones reported in this issue; they seem to be mere common sense. Doctors, for example, already know that the stigma attached to clinics deters potential patients and that the fragmentation of services makes optimal management impossible, for example, in providing contraception alongside STI treatment. On the other hand, qualitative studies often also cause surprise and disbelief. In such situations, findings may be rejected above all for their lack of power: "the numbers were too small." This problem has been addressed by treating the qualitative as a pilot study leading to larger scale investigations. For example, the relevance of health promotion for a generic, and possibly asymptomatic, STI as suggested by Dixon-Woods et al would need testing in a larger population. Yet, larger studies are not always necessary. It should be possible to introduce telephoning for results and then assess the benefits for some or all patients without further research. A second standard method of dealing with issues of scale is to integrate qualitative and quantitative research more thoroughly. Research on sexuality requires particular sensitivity and large scale surveys have drawn upon initial contextual studies showing what can sensibly be asked and analysed in terms of what are often called "knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices" (KABP). They have also drawn on subsequent fieldwork and interview to help interpret data. A good example of combined qualitative and quantitative research is found in partner notification for STI. Recent studies in the United States have reported that sexual contact tracing provides a low yield in contrast with social contact tracing, most likely because it is hard to identify and contact all sexual partners on the one hand while, on the other, these partners are found largely among social groups of peers. Research combining qualitative and quantitative techniques inside clinics, through interviews of social/sexual contacts and fieldwork at places where "high risk" individuals congregate has been combined in order to better understand transmission dynamics and design interventions. In research on risks of gonorrhoea, we tested a biological marker for unique sexual networks, differentiating types of gonorrhoea, so as to see whether it would be possible to generalise the results of in-depth interviews and fieldwork through potentially routine clinic data. In STI research, the qualitative has further connotations. Two of the more important include the settings that are studied and the definitions of health employed. The study of Dixon-Woods and colleagues took place in an STI clinic but many have been conducted outside the clinic and often with marginal and deprived groups, sometimes known as the "hard to reach" or "out of reach" because they do not use health services. Secondly, qualitative research tends to involve a broad social definition of health, compared with a medical view of dysfunction. This may redress current biases towards overly technological understandings and provide more appropriate bases for health promotion as patients may be concerned with one infection only in the context of others, with STI in relation to reproductive health, or with sexual health in relation to general wellbeing. In research on sex work, we have attempted to combine qualitative and quantitative elements over several years so as to build up relationships with a stigmatised social group inside and outside the clinic and develop services considered appropriate by participants, based on this more holistic model of health. In developing a "quantified anthropology" and a "social epidemiology," we also intended to provide insight into the content and meaning of activities associated with STI alongside objective outcome measures. Accordingly, neither the qualitative nor the quantitative element stands alone. If, for example, 20% of a "high risk" category do not use condoms all the time, it is necessary to Sex Transm Inf 2001;77:305–308 305


Abstract In this paper, we introduce and consider a new class of complementarity problems, which are called the generalized mixed quasi-complementarity problems in a topological vector space. We show that the generalized mixed quasi-complementarity problems are equivalent to the generalized mixed quasi variational inequalities. Using a new type of KKM mapping theorem, we study the existence of a solution of the generalized mixed quasi-variational inequalities and generalized mixed quasi-complementarity problems. Several special cases are also discussed. The results obtained in this paper can be viewed as extension and generalization of the previously known results.


In this paper, a comprehensive review on the recent research progress and new development of microwave theory and techniques in China is made. Geographically, the review will focus from north to south on Harbor, Beijing, Xi'an, Nanking, Shanghai, Cheong, and Ganglion areas. The related research institutions under different government agencies are listed. Various research programs in China are reviewed as well. This includes the long-term scientific programs such as 973 and 863 programs. In addition, government talent development programs are also briefed with some program examples. In terms of research areas, the review will focus on electromagnetic theory, computational electromagnetic, active and passive microwave components, electromagnetic materials (including metamaterials), bio-electromagnetic. The review will also touch some future perspectives of research and development in microwaves in China if space permits, and this includes (a) wireless and/or microwave power transmission (including high- and low-power energy transmission), (b) multi-physics microwave theory (including the multi-physics theory such as electromagnetic wave equations, thermal or heat wave equations, and acoustic wave equations), and its applications such as high-frequency radio-frequency integrated circuits, and opto-electronic devices, and (c) microwave, radio-frequency, and optical metamaterials. This review will depict a clear picture of microwave research and development in China and its up-to-date information.


The present invention provides an effective pharmaceutical composition to result in a subject a therapeutically effective blood level of a therapeutically active ingredient is administered to the digestive tract. In one embodiment, said pharmaceutical composition comprises a therapeutically active ingredient a therapeutically effective amount of at least one water soluble enhancers, for example, salts of medium chain fatty acids or medium chain fatty acid, ester, an ether or a derivative thereof includes enhancing agent having about 20 carbon chain length of from about 4 carbon atoms, and a sugar.


The present invention relates to an in-endoscope treatment mirror scrotum, the scrotum comprising means for extending into the diagnosis and treatment scope for displaying the acquired image of the mirror main body, extending into the mirror body including the scrotum and the diagnosis and treatment for piercing needle Diagnosis and treatment of various equipment connected to the input connector of the puncture needle is provided with a head channel connected, the puncture needle communication channel, the output host observation optical path through the connector and the piercing needle. Advantageous effects of the invention are: compact equipment, direct pierceable hydrocele cavity under direct vision observation testis, epididymis surface lesions, biopsy and titanium may direct laser ablation lesion, and minimally invasive surgery, postoperative rapid recovery, side effects.


~~ ~ ~~ ~~~~ The kinetics of isomerization of deuterium and hydrogen oxoperoxonitrate, ONOOD and ONOOH, respectively, to trioxonitrate(1 -), NO;, and a deuteron or proton have been studied. Analysis of the pH-rate profiles result in a normal equilibrium isotope effect (KH/KD) of 3.3. The kinetic deuterium isotope effect for the isomerization reaction is 1.6 f 0.2 between 5 and 55". The activation enthalpies of isomerization of ONOOD and ONOOH are identical within the error of the measurement, 86.2 0.5 kJmol-', respectively. A secondary kinetic isotope effect of 1.6 is compatible with a mechanism of isomerization where the terminal peroxide 0-atom shifts to the N-atom. 0.5 and 86.5


It is a known fact that ` , the dual space of the null sequences c0 , has the Schur property, that is, weakly convergent sequences in ` are norm convergent. In this paper, we prove that if (Xα)α∈I are Banach spaces and X = (⊕α∈IXα)1 their l1 -sum, then the space X has the Schur property iff each factor Xα has it.


Abstract The cesium salt of R, R-(-)-trans-l, 2-cyclohexane-diaminetetraacetatocobaltate(III), Δ-(+)546-Cs[Co(R, R(-)-CDTA)], Δ-Cs[Co(R, R(-)CDTA)]), provides a compound which can be used for calibration of circular dichrometers in the visible region. Δ-Cs[Co(R, R(-)CDTA)] has three major circular dichroism (CD) maxima at 593 nm, 527 nm, and 240 nm. The molecular ellipticities, [θ], at 593 nm, 527 nm, and 240 nm are -4490 ± 40, 5720 ± 40, and -47, 900 ± 300 deg cm2 dmol−1, respectively. The CD maxima in terms of Δ∊ at 593, 527, and 240 nm are -1.36 ± 0.01, 1.73 ± 0.01, and -14.5 ± 0.1 l cm−1 mol−1, respectively. Optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and ultraviolet-visible absorption data has also been obtained for this compound.


"Look all around, as Archimedes did in life" offers a range of tales about Archimedes doing mathematics in unusual places, including in the bathtub, under starry skies, and at the beach. Out in the world, he identified a method for computing the volume of an irregular shape, invented a parabolic death ray, explored properties of levers, and argued that a "very large number" is not the same as infinity. The discussion is illustrated with numerous hand-drawn sketches. Mathematics students and enthusiasts are encouraged draw inspiration from Archimedes by doing math wherever they are while going about their daily lives. At the chapter's end, readers may check their understanding by working on a problem. A solution is provided.


We present the analysis of the first Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observations (∼220 ks), simultaneous with the last Suzaku observations (∼50 ks), of the active galactic nucleus of the bright Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 509. The time-averaged spectrum in the 1–79 keV X-ray band is dominated by a power-law continuum (Γ ∼ 1.8–1.9), a strong soft excess around 1 keV, and signatures of X-ray reflection in the form of Fe K emission (∼6.4 keV), an Fe K absorption edge (∼7.1 keV), and a Compton hump due to electron scattering (∼20–30 keV). We show that these data can be described by two very different prescriptions for the soft excess: a warm (kT ∼ 0.5–1 keV) and optically thick (τ ∼ 10–20) Comptonizing corona or a relativistically blurred ionized reflection spectrum from the inner regions of the accretion disk. While these two scenarios cannot be distinguished based on their fit statistics, we argue that the parameters required by the warm corona model are physically incompatible with the conditions of standard coronae. Detailed photoionization calculations show that even in the most favorable conditions, the warm corona should produce strong absorption in the observed spectrum. On the other hand, while the relativistic reflection model provides a satisfactory description of the data, it also requires extreme parameters, such as maximum black hole spin, a very low and compact hot corona, and a very high density for the inner accretion disk. Deeper observations of this source are thus necessary to confirm the presence of relativistic reflection and further understand the nature of its soft excess.


Methods of fabricating formed glass articles are described herein. In one embodiment, a method for fabricating a formed glass article may include forming a glass ribbon (110), forming a parson, and shaping the parson to form a glass article (200), e.g. a container. The glass article may be attached to the glass ribbon at an attachment region (222) defining an edge of the glass article. The process may also include contacting the attachment region with a focal line (223) of a laser beam (220) and separating the glass article from the glass ribbon at the attachment region. The attachment region may be perforated by the laser beam and the focal line may be substantially perpendicular to the plane of the glass ribbon.


Dhanishta Dhanishta means Wealthy Wind. Wealth is not measured in terms of money or business; it is measured in terms of richness of life. Wisdom is disseminated by the Teachers of all times. Dhanishta works for such fulfilment through its publication of wisdom teachings flowing through the pen and the voice of Dr. Sri K. Parvathi Kumar. Such teachings are published in English, German, French and Spanish. Dhanishta is a non-profit Publishing House.


Physical-layer security from an energy-efficient perspective is of crucial importance in cognitive radio (CR). A CR network is considered where a secondary user (SU) coexists with a primary user in the presence of an eavesdropper and channel fading. Secure energy efficiency (EE) maximisation problems are formulated in secure green CR based on the condition that a minimum secrecy capacity (SC) of a SU is guaranteed. A peak interference power constraint and an average (ATP)/peak transmit power (PTP) constraint are imposed in the SU's Tx. Using fractional programming and the Lagrange dual method, energy-efficient optimal power allocation strategies are proposed to efficiently solve the secure EE maximisation problems. It is shown that the secure EE of the SU achieved under the ATP constraint is higher than that obtained under the PTP constraint. The tradeoff is elucidated between the secure EE and the SC of the SU.


The degradation characteristics of endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate in soils were studied under laboratory conditions.The degradation rates of both compounds could be described by first order kinetics equations.The degradation characteristics of β-endosulfan,α-endosulfan and endosulfan-sulfate were different in the four different soils tested.The DT50values of β-endosulfan,β-endosulfan and endosulfan-sulfate were 39 d,72 d and 39 d for black soil;10 d,56 d and 41 d for paddy soil;14 d,105 d and 53 d for red soil;and 13 d,42 d and 34 d for fluvo-aquic soil from Henan Province.Persistence of endosulfan sulfate in soil must be a concern.The α-endosulfan isomer was slowly degraded in organic matter-enriched soil while βendosulfan was rapidly degraded in alkaline soil.Based on first-order kinetics calculations,the DT50 valuesof endosulfan(β-endosulfan + α-endosulfan) and total endosulfan(α-endosulfan + α-endosulfan + endosulfan-sulfate) ranged from 18 d to 47 d and 48 d to 77 d,respectively.Endosulfan degradation initially produces endosulfan sulfate which proceeds to form endosulfan-diol,endosulfan-ether and endosulfan-hydroether.


The sections in this article are:

1
General and Comparative Aspects of Organization
1.1
Cellular Origins

1.2
Molecular Aspects

1.3
Target Tissues

2
Experimental Approaches

3
Gastrin-CCK
3.1
Sequences and Genes

3.2
Distribution

3.3
Biological Properties

4
VIP/Secretin Family
4.1
Sequences and Genes

4.2
VIP and PHI

4.3
Glucagon

4.4
Secretin

4.5
GIP

4.6
GH-RF

4.7
Helodermin and Helospectins

4.8
Distribution

4.9
Biological Actions

5
Bombesins
5.1
Sequences and Genes

5.2
Distribution

5.3
Biological Properties

6
Tachykinins
6.1
Sequences and Genes

6.2
Distribution

6.3
Biological Properties

7
Pancreatic Polypeptide Family
7.1
Sequences and Genes

7.2
Distribution

7.3
Biological Properties

8
Opioid Peptides
8.1
Sequences and Genes

8.2
Distribution

8.3
Biological Properties

9
Neurotensin
9.1
Sequences

9.2
Distribution and Actions

10
Somatostatin
10.1
Sequences and Genes

10.2
Distribution

10.3
Biological Properties

11
Invertebrate Peptides
11.1
Hydra Head Activator Peptide

11.2
FMRF-Amide

11.3
Other Molluscan Cardioactive Peptides: SCP and LCP

11.4
Proctolin

11.5
Adipokinetic Hormone

12
Overview


Background Human existence is being challenged by an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 that began in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Efforts to avoid the spread of COVID-19 are undermined by the appearance of disease-associated avoidance of infected persons due to reasons such as social stigma and discrimination. Objective This study seeks to investigate avoidance and discrimination against persons suspected of COVID-19 to help fight the pandemic in a predominantly rural setting in Ghana. Materials and Methods The study is a cross sectional survey. A random sample of 517 individuals drawn from a health and demographic surveillance system database was used for this study. Participants resided in six contiguous districts and municipalities of predominantly rural setting in the Bono East Region of Ghana. Results The findings showed that majority (60%) of the respondents agreed that they won't have anything to do with someone suspected of COVID-19. However, 67% of them were willing to accommodate persons that recovered from the infection. The majority (91%) of respondents agreed that there is a need to adopt tolerant attitude towards persons who recovered from the infection, whilst another 98% also reported the need to show compassion towards persons who recovered from COVID-19. Conclusions There is the need to pay special attention to avoidance of suspected infected persons due to stigma or any other reason since it is a threat to the fight against the pandemic.


The paper expounds the teaching objetive and content of the course "Marketing" for accounting speciality,proposes several possible new teaching patterns,and finally puts forward some new requirements and discusses the result expected to be achieved.


Active power decoupling methods are becoming an attractive alternative to networks of passive elements in filtering the power ripple in single phase rectifiers, as they offer better power density. In this article we develop a variable structure control algorithm for the control of active power decoupling. In the process the main design challenges are identified, and a new solution method for the design problem is developed based on the application of control actions across multiple timescales. The resulting algorithm operates independently from the controller of the rectifier and stabilized the dc-link voltage during power transients.


A method for determining the total alkaloids of the Chinese drug Tsingjiu (秦艽) (Gentiana macrophylla) based on titration with silicotungstic acid was found. Weigh out accurately 2 g of pulverized (80 mesh) sample. Macerate it in a glass-stoppered flask with 50 ml of a mixture of chloroform-methanol-concentrated ammonia water (75: 25: 5) for 48 hours with occasional shaking. Take exactly 25 ml of the filtrate, evaporate and dissolve the residue in 0.6 N acetic acid, Impurities in the acetic acid solution are removed with lead acetate and the excess of Pb~(+2) is removed by sodium sulphate. The clear filtrate is adjusted to about 50 ml with an acidity at about 0.5 N. The solution is titrated with 0.01 M silicotungstic acid, using malachite green as an outside indicator. Results are calculated on gentianine (C_10H_9O_2N).


Because of the complexity of the lower limb exoskeleton, it is of high necessity to conduct motion simulation before manufacturing physical prototype. This paper introduces the method to establish the dynamics model of the lower limb exoskeleton briefly, and focuses on the construction and dynamic simulation method of the virtual prototype in the ADAMS to obtain the joint torque. With the virtual prototype model of the lower limb exoskeleton robot being established in ADAMS after co-simulation with MATLAB, it is suggested that fuzzy PID control method can overcome the alternate contact force between feet and road effectively. The result is of great significance for the development of physical prototype and the design of controller.


Under the philosophic value category, the standard of educaitonal value judgement is the unity of tallying with the aims and laws, which is concrete, historical and conditional. It is of both theoretical and modern significance to establish the standard of educational value judgement for us to choose our educational value.


Successful management of the solid-organ transplant recipient begins with prevention of rejection and achieving a balance between insufficient and excessive immunosuppression. Standard tacrolimus therapy for prevention of solid-organ transplant rejection consists of 2 divided doses per day. In an effort to simplify tacrolimus dosing to once daily, a new formulation (tacroli- mus prolonged release (PR)) was chosen for its combination of a similar extent of bioavailability and a substantially reduced rate of clearance. Several clinical conversion studies have now been completed using PR to clarify its pharmacokinetics, efficacy at prevention of allograft rejection, and safety profiles in solid-organ transplant patients. A cohort of 67 stable kidney transplant recipients was converted from standard tacrolimus to PR in an open-label, multicenter study in the United States and Canada. A second open-label, multicenter study was performed in liver transplant recipients with stable graft function on standard tacrolimus therapy converted to PR. A third conversion study was performed as an open-label study at 5 centers in the United States in stable pediatric liver transplant recipients. As medication noncompliance can significantly contribute to the incidence of graft rejection and graft loss in transplant recipients, a potentially significant advance in the transplant community's ongoing mission to optimize prevention of rejection occurred with the development of a once-daily tacrolimus PR. The results of these preliminary studies suggest that select solid-organ transplant recipients converted to PR can be safely maintained using the same monitoring and patient care techniques historically used for


Previous research in motor learning has shown that random practice schedules facilitate retention and transfer of motor skills more than repetitive practice schedules. The purpose of this study was to investigate the generalizability of contextual interference effects. High school students (63 boys, 76 girls) from three physical education class periods were randomly assigned to one of three practice conditions, random, random-blocked, or blocked practice within a class period. Three teachers were randomly assigned to a practice group within a class period and taught a different practice condition each class period. There were nine groups with three practice groups per class period. Subjects practiced the volleyball forearm pass, set, or overhead serve for 30 trials every day for nine class periods. All subjects recorded scores for their practice trials each day during acquisition and were posttested after a 2-day retention interval. Analysis of variance indicated significant improvement in all groups but no significant effects of practice condition during acquisition or retention. These findings suggest that practice was long enough to produce change during acquisition. However, factors characteristic of physical education classes may reduce or mask contextual interference effects commonly observed in other settings.


Chaperonins are protein complexes that play a critical role in folding nascent polypeptides under normal conditions and refolding damaged proteins under stress conditions. In all organisms these complexes are composed of evolutionarily conserved 60-kDa proteins arranged in double-ring structures with between 7 and 9 protein subunits per ring. These double ring structures are assumed to be the functional units in vivo, although they have never been observed inside cells. Here the authors show that the purified chaperonin from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae, which is closely related to chaperonins in eukaryotes, has a double ring structure at low concentrations (0.1 mg/ml), but at more physiological concentrations, the rings stack end to end to form polymers. The polymers are stable at physiological temperatures (75 C) and closely resemble structures observed inside unfixed S. shibatae cells. The authors suggest that in vivo chaperonin activity may be regulated by polymerization and that chaperonin polymers may act as a cytoskeleton-like structure in archaea and bacteria.


Purpose To observe the effect of three step acupuncture and cupping therapy on nerve root cervical spondylopathy. Method Two hundred and seventy nine patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A of 186 cases were treated by three step acupuncture and cupping therapy, group B of 48 cases by a routine method of acupuncture and group C of 45 cases by herbal decoction. The curative effect and its relationship to the course of disease and the type of syndrome, and the radiography showed condition of improvement were observed. Results The curative effect, efficacy needed time and the degree of improvement showed by a cervical vertebra X ray in group A were significantly superior to those in group B and group C( P 0.01). The curative effect was better in the patients with a disease course of under 2 years than those with a disease course of over 2 years( P 0.05). There was no significant difference in curative effect between different type of syndromes. Conclusion Three step acupuncture and cupping therapy is a satisfactory method for treating this disease.


In this paper, I revisit the controversy over the fundamental sources of comparative development. In contrast to much of the previous literature, my focus is on the appropriate specification of the empirical strategy. Using a finite mixture model approach and Monte Carlo simulations, I demonstrate that the standard linear estimation strategy may be mis-specified and as a result is likely to obscure the true effects of the variables used to explain cross-country income differences. My findings could potentially reconcile apparently conflicting results from the existing literature on the role of geography and institutions in comparative development.


Systems, which are just like industrial robots, must track the same predetermined trajectory precisely and as fast as possible. But it is very difficult for the systems to track the trajectory completely because of the dynamics of the servo mechanism ,and uncertainty of the parameters. Recently, in the case, where the same motion is repeated, the method to determine the input reducing the error between the desired and actual outputs in the new trial has-been studied by many researchers. But those conventional methods have the limitation of class of applicable systems or the property that the final error cannot be avoided. In this paper we propose a new method that is derived from the method of steepest descent in Hilbert spaces. As an integral norm is taken as a criterion in this algorithm, mapy advantages can be achieved and the modification of a criterion becomes easy. With our method the synthesis of the compensator is consistent and the determination of parameters for that is easier. So it can be considered that this method is applicable to wider industrial problems effectively.


As a scalable QoS(Quality of Service)architcture,DiffServ(Differentiated Service)mainly consists of two components:taffic conditioning at the edge of the DiffServ domain and simple packet forwarding inside the DiffServ domain.DiffServ has many advantages such as flexbility,scalability and simplicity.But when providing, AF (Assured Forwarding) services ,DiffServ has some problems such as unfairness among aggregated flows or among micro-flows belonging to an aggregated flow.In this paper,a feedback mechanism for AF aggregated flows is proposed to solve this problem.Simulation results show that this mechanism does improve the performance of DiffServ.Firt,it can improve the fairness among aggregated flows and make DiffServ more friendly toward TCP (Transmision Control Protocol)flows.Second,it can decrease the buffer requirements at the congested router and thus obtain lower delay and packet loss rate.Third,it also keeps almost the same link utility as in normal DiffServ,Einally,it is simple and easy to be implemented.


This document describes protocols used for in vitro restimulation of cryopreserved PBMC with CMV lysates and subsequent detection of CMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by intracellular staining of cytokines.


Pieri and Dubois that it belongs to the enzymes lacking in support as yet. The observations which have just been briefly summarized add to the accumulating evidence that fertilization may be essentially a process of stimulation of the egg. This, of course, is true only if one leaves out of account the contribution of hereditary tendencies made by the spermatozoon, which add to the variability of the offspring. The egg, however, apparently contains everything necessary for the production of a new and complete organism like the mother, and needs only appropriate stimulation to start it on its course of development (see Koulagine, i898, Zoo/. AFzZ., 2I, p. 653; also Delage, I900, Arc/ii.vs de Zool., ExP. (s3), 7, p. 525). In this direction point also the observations of Tichomirov, who showed that the unfertilized eggs of Bomibyx mzol-i can be made to develop, at least to an advanced embryonic stage, either by dipping them in sulphuric acid or by brushing them; likewise the observations of Dewitz, who obtained cleavage of unfertilized frog's eggs by treating them with corrosive sublimate likewise the observations of Hertwig, who observed a similar result following the treatment of sea-urchin eggs with strychnine; further, those of Koulagine (already cited), who has induced cleavage of certain fish and amphibian eggs by treating them with the antitoxin of diphtheria; and those of Klebs, who found that parthenospores are formed in conjugating filaments of Spirogyra, in the presence of salt or sugar solutions of appropriate density. Still more emphatically is this indicated by the recent work, already mentioned, of Morgan, and especially of Loeb. W"T. E. C.


ABSTRACT A sense of belonging is an integral aspect of success in a long-term, group-oriented endeavor such as the pursuit of a college education. When students feel their presence at college is fraudulent, their achievements unfounded, or that they will be further disenfranchised if their true self is discovered, it is less likely that they will connect to the people who and services that can help them achieve their educational goals. This "imposter syndrome" or "imposter phenomenon" can be addressed and turned around through a concerted effort. While that effort involves a personal journey, like any journey it is often aided and accompanied by others. Through strategic outreach efforts, academic libraries are positioned to be important players in that journey, helping these "imposters" renegotiate their self-images to include a sense of their essential place in academia and belief in their ability to successfully complete their academic goals.


Stamping is one of the most effective ways to form textile composites in industry for providing high‐strength, low‐weight and cost‐effective products. This paper presents a fully continuum mechanics‐based approach for stamping simulation of textile fiber reinforced composites by using finite element (FE) method. A previously developed non‐orthogonal constitutive model is used to represent the anisotropic mechanical behavior of textile composites under large deformation during stamping. Simulation are performed on a balanced plain weave composite with 0°/90° and ±45° as initial yarn orientation over a benchmark double dome device. Simulation results show good agreement with experimental output in terms of a number of parameters selected for comparison.


We demonstrate that under appropriate conditions it is possible to build in tolerance to poor design of a structured optical fibre like photonic crystal fibre. During drawing its internal symmetry of the structure is improved.


The invention discloses a noncontact interface SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card with an integrated antenna, and relates to the field of intelligent card manufacture. The noncontact interface SIM card comprises an integrated SIM card substrate, an SIM card integrated circuit (IC), a peripheral circuit and an antenna device, wherein the SIM card IC is arranged on the integrated SIM card substrate and has noncontact and contact functions. The integrated SIM card substrate is characterized in that: after being welded, the integrated SIM card substrate and the antenna connecting part of the antenna device are sealed into a whole by plastic package. An integrated manufacturing mode is adopted in the invention and is very suitable for manufacturing the SIM card with a noncontact function; the technical defects of stuck and welded antennas are overcome; the antenna is completely and reliably sealed with the SIM card with a noncontact interface to form a whole, so that the problems of ageing, corrosion and the like because the connecting point of the antenna and the SIM card is exposed in the air are avoided, and the SIM card is firm, durable, attractive, reliable and convenient to use and has great practical value.


Objectives To promote safe prescribing and administration of medicines in the pre‐registration house officer (PRHO) year through a programme of structured teaching and assessment for final year medical students.


In construction of bridge foundations,it is necessary to adopt certain methods to ensure that the foundation is constructed in arid or static water circumstances.The well-point dewatering method is commonly used to lower the underground water level,and the cofferdam or the continuous slurry wall or the open caisson is usually constructed to isolate the underground water.All these methods have advantages and drawbacks and special application scope,but if they are all suitable for a certain project,it is a thorny thing to choose the optimum scheme.In the paper,the optimum scheme is chosen through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The concrete steps of the method are described and an example is given.


We have retrospectively studied the delivery means of 48 patients of eclampsia, analyzed time and ways of delivery the fetus. The time should not be effected by seizures and comatose state. The best way of delivery is cesarean section.


Moral intelligence is the ability to distinguish between right and wrong. Social intelligence is the ability to understand other people around us. Emotional intelligence is a skill that helps people harmonise. We learn to manage emotions appropriately learning what lies behind a feeling, finding ways to handle fear and anxiety, anger and sadness. We learn to channel emotions in the service of a goal exercising emotional self-control, delaying gratification and stifling impulses. In showing empathy, we display a sensitivity to others feelings and concerns taking their prospective.


ABSTRACT Large numbers of pebbles in the size range 1 mm to 100 mm can be rapidly and accurately measured with the device described. The measurements are shown on a four figure numerical display, and are also punched on paper tape. The pebbles are measured instrumentally to an accuracy of better than ±0.5%.


Studies were made on some biological properties of strains of influenza virus virulent and avirulent for mice.Four avirulent strains had a rather weak multiplying capacity and their titer in mouse lung was only 103.5-105 EID50/0.1ml. Four virulent strains had a strong multiplying capacity and their titer reached 106-107.75 EID50/0.1ml. The duration of virus titer was longer in the virulent strains than in the avirulent ones.Contact infection was not observed in 3 avirulent strains. It was observed in only half of 6 contact mice when two of the 4 virulent strains had been used.There was no relationship between the pathogenicity of the virus for mice and its hemagglutinating activity to erythrocytes from man, mouse, giunea pig, and chick.


ABSTRACT:  The Smith Report has generated central questions about the mathematics education of UK adolescents. This paper highlights the close match between the goals of school mathematics, adolescence and exploratory pedagogy. This is contrasted with the prescriptive nature of current regimes. In particular, without careful attention to pedagogy it is possible that the introduction of different pathways may lead to a failure to achieve the outcomes desired by employers and universities, and to inequity in provision for students.


Background: Cervical cancer remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death in developing countries. Improving clinicians' knowledge and understanding of surgical staging is critical in the fight against the disease. However, a systematic evaluation of different ordinal regression models based on diverse predicted outcomes has not been given its due share in literature. Objective: To systematically assess the flexibility of odds ratios for three popular ordinal regression models i.e. the Multinomial Logistic (ML) model, the Continuation Ratio (CR) model and Adjacent Category Logistic (ACL) model when applying cervical cancer data in surgical stage prediction. Method: We systematically, compared the performance of CR, ML and the ACL as the predictive mechanisms, and evaluate the most appropriate model in the cervical cancer setting. The study considered women who visited the Oncology department at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital's Chandaria Cancer and Chronic Diseases Center and were diagnosed and surgically treated for cervical cancer from January 2014 to December 2018. Results and Conclusion: We presented the comparison between 3 different regression models for ordinal data within the cervical cancer setting. We found that the CR model without proportional odds yielded better results comparing Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), log likelihood ratio and residual deviance. In addition, the key prognostic factor associated with invasive cervical cancer was the (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) FIGO clinical stage which in particular, had a higher influence on the surgical Stage 2 outcomes compared to the lesser surgical stage categories. All the 5 independent features selected for classifying the patients into surgical stages were the FIGO clinical stage and partly, the presence or absence of symptomatic vaginal discharge.


The method for calculation of geodetic problem on earth ellipsoid surface is the basic premise for the realization of high-precision marine delimitation technology. Based on the analysis of the construction principle of the existing solution of geodetic problem method, the algorithm for direct geodetic problem solution(DGPS) based on nested coefficient method and Bessel's inverse geodetic problem solution(IGPS), which are suitable for various distance solutions, are optimized. Then, the experimental verification scheme of the solution of geodetic problem is designed. Finally, the crossing and reducing accuracy of different calculation examples are verified by different geodetic problem solution methods, and the experiment shows that: the verified accuracy of point-position plotting, distance calculation and azimuth calculation meet the requirements of the indexes of high-precision marine delimitation.


A current-mode control technique, quasi-average-current-mode control (QACC), is studied for DC/DC power convertors. A small-signal model is developed for QACC. The model is derived for converters operating in the continuous conduction mode. It is accurate up to half of the switching frequency. The proposed small-signal model is used to assess the dynamics of PWM converters with QACC, and to compare its performance to the current-inject control (CIC) and charge control (CC) schemes. As in CC, the QACC converges to CIC at light loads close to the boundary between continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The dynamics of converters with QACC or CC are more sensitive to load change and less sensitive to line change than converters with CIC, especially the current loop dynamics.<<ETX>>


The pressent commercial sorts can't suit the demand of the rea Since the special permited operation exhibition declared its position in Beijing, there senrtcd a storm of special permiteed operation.The developed countries talce advantage of the experience of applying this to speed up enlarging the international market whicl, is meaningful to chinese enterprises. China special permitted operation must take some related measunes to avoid swindles.