Several pesticides commonly used on citrus and rose were screened for their toxicity to four important natural enemies of the California red scale viz., Aphytis melinus DeBach, Chilocorus nigrita (F.), Pharoscymnus horni (Weisman) and Eryngiopus sp. The natural enemies were exposed to pesticides treated leaf surface on the day of application and subsequently at 7 days interval to determine the immediate and the residual toxicities. Botanical insecticides, viz., neem oil, pongamia oil and mahua oil; acaricides, viz.; dicofol and sulphur and fungicides, vrz., copper oxychloride and maneb were safer to A. melinus, C. nigrita and P. horni whereas, acaricides were toxic to the predatory mite Eryngiopus sp. Among eleven insecticides tested, chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos were alone found to be comparatively less toxic inflicting 60 and 73.3% mortality, respectively, at 24h exposure to adults of A. melinus. Other insecticides were highly toxic inflicting 100% adult mortality to all the predators. Residues of dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos were alone observed to be totally non-toxic among the toxic insecticides 7 and 21 days after treatment (DAT), respecti vely. The toxic effects of other insecticides persisted for more than 28 DAT.


This study explores student responses to a research assignment handout that was redesigned in light of the recommendations from a 2010 Project Information Literacy report. Framed through Lea and Street's Academic Literacies model, which positions information literacy as a social and situated practice rather than as a generic skill set or a process of socialisation, this study uses a descriptive survey method (annotations and a questionnaire) to demonstrate that the addition of disciplinary context helped to scaffold students' critical engagement with scholarly conventions as well as with the broader information landscape.  The study concludes by calling for renewed librarian engagement with alternative theoretical frameworks of literacy as well as the inclusion of student perspectives into studies of academic learning.


The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Visual Literacy (VL) activities on primary school students in English teaching. In the quantitative part of the study, where the mixed method and exploratory sequential pattern were used, the quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group; in the qualitative part, case study design was used. The study group consists of 36 third grade students in a public elementary school in Konya-Kulu in 2017-2018 academic year. Achievement test developed by the researcher was used for the quantitative data and semi-structured interview forms were used for the qualitative data. Descriptive statistics and t-test were used for the analysis of quantitative data, and content analysis was used for qualitative data. The English achievement of the experimental group students in which VL activities were applied was higher than the control group students in which ongoing activities were applied; in the retention test, no difference was found between the groups. Students who expressed their opinions about VL activities stated that they liked the activities but they experienced different emotions such as anxiety, self-confidence, excitement, sense of inadequacy, happiness and productivity; significant contributions to the classroom and outside the classroom.


With Hydrangea macrophyllavariety'Dream fly'as test material,the effects of different light intensities such as 50%shading rate,70% shading rate,100% sunlight on hydrangea flower,inflorescence,flower and petal size,the length of the concept of florescence and so on were studied.The results showed that,Hydrangea macrophyllaflowering had good ornamental effect and longornamental period under 50%shading rate.


The network routing literature contains many results showing that tolls can be used to improve the efficiency of network traffic routing. These results typically require toll-designers to have an exact characterization of the network and user population. We relax this strict informational dependence and present a simple setting in which scaled marginal-cost tolls can be guaranteed to provide significant efficiency improvements over the un-tolled case, even if the toll-sensitivities of the users are unknown.


In this paper, we interrogate the in fl uence of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)-based model surfaces on mouse kidney-derived stem cells (mKSCs) di ff erentiation. The widespread use of silver in biomedical and consumer products requires understanding of this element's e ff ect on kidney cells. Moreover, the potential for using stem cells in drug discovery require methods to direct their di ff erentiation to specialized cells. Hence, we generated coated model substrates containing di ff erent concentrations of surface immobilized AgNPs, and used them to evaluate properties and functions of mKSCs. Initially, mKSCs exhibited reduced viability on higher silver containing surfaces. However, longer culture periods assisted mKSCs to recover. Greater degree of cell spreading and arborization led by AgNPs, suggest podocyte di ff erentiation. Proximal tubule cell marker's expression revealed di ff erentiation to the speci fi c lineage. Although the exact mechanism underpinning these fi ndings require signi fi cant future e ff orts, this study demonstrate silver's capacity to stimulate mKSC di ff erentiation, which may provide opportunities for drug screenings.


It is obviously important to strengthen the disad vantaged student's cognitive domain. He needs improve ment in reading, verbal expression, writing and listening skills. He needs improvement in math skills; he needs to increase his store of subject matter information; and he needs to sharpen his cognitive styles of reasoning, his skills of inducing, deducing, educing, inferring. But more important than this is strengthening the disadvantaged student's affective domain. For without strength here, he cannot establish adequate cognitive communications. The disadvantaged student needs to experience an interplay of feelings and emotions; he needs a great deal of attention, approval and acceptance; he needs freer play for his imagination, greater respect for his sensitivities, and more opportunity for affect com munications that are in need of satisfying. In our teaching of disadvantaged students, we have gradually come to agreement that the following strategies, stated as injunctions, represent, among others, the most significant, the most innovative, and the most useful approaches :


Abstract The study presents a new innovative approach to the accepted principle of agile enterprise management by using the method of rationalization of the structure of administrative and office work (DZA). Agile enterprise management focused on minimizing costs induces permanent necessity to look for new methods and techniques to achieve the assumed cost targets. Contemporary enterprises have access to a wide range of activities and instruments affecting the formation of costs while running their business. In connection with the above, a research question was posed in the study; how to implement the concept of agile enterprise management based on methods of rationalization of the structure of administrative and office work and lean management? The aim of the paper is to learn and evaluate the applied method of analysis of run times in the system of administrative and office work (DZA Dürchlaufzeitenanalyse) in the context of agile management of the enterprise. The study indicates the advantages and disadvantages of implementing this concept for the enterprise, thus the paper bridges the gap between theory and practice in the selection of instruments to realize of the concept of agile business management. The applied research method is literature studies and descriptive analysis in the field of application of the method of minimizing time of runs. Descriptive analysis was developed based on an example of the activity of a chemical industry enterprise operating in Poland. The research issues are important and up-to-date due to the constant need to maintain cost discipline in the enterprise and the implementation of innovative approaches to seek ways to reduce costs.


The global issue in the implementation of the Self-Assessment System (STS) is to achieve a satisfactory voluntary tax compliance rate. This motivates this study to investigate the factors that influence voluntary tax compliance among individual taxpayers in Malaysia. Specifically, this study examines the effects of tax knowledge, gender, age, norms, individual values and attitudes, the complexity of the tax system, fairness, tax rates and peer influence on voluntary tax compliance. The study data is gathered from a randomly selected of 101 Kuala Lumpur individual taxpayers. The results of multiple regression analysis show that only (1) gender and (2) norms, values and individual attitudes have a positive relationship with voluntary tax compliance. In conclusion, in Malaysia there is evidence that the rate of voluntary tax compliance depends on personal factors particularly gender and values, not external factors like peers or tax authorities.


Education has now completely shifted from schools and colleges to smartphones and laptops. In the ongoing pandemic, virtual learning is playing a vital role in the educational sector by enabling students to obtain the knowledge and skills sitting right at home. Not only does this ensure the safety of the public, saves time, money and effort but also helps promote self-learning among students. The Virtual Labs is a web-based platform designed to improve learning experience and understandability. It forms a hub for all the resources required to understand, analyze and absorb the concepts by students. The proposed virtual learning platform brings the offline lectures and confined labs to a few clicks with hands-on and comfortable learning experience. Virtual Labs is aided with 2D visualization options in a desktop PC and a smartphone. The explained approach emphasizes on improving the current engineering education by considering all the aspects of learning process such as detailed theory explanations, visual representations, implementing innovative ideas and solutions, self-evaluation methods and tracking progress. Virtual Labs has proved to be an easy to use, extremely helpful and an enjoyable learning environment during the user trials. It helped students to grasp the concepts quickly, check their understanding and iterate multiple times through the same if necessary. In this selflearning approach, the students will acquire problem solving skills as the labs have inbuilt critical test cases so that the students think in all aspects to solve the particular problem. The teachers will also be able to keep track of the student's performance based on the quiz, so that they can guide each student to improve in a particular domain and help them understand the concepts better. The students will get a an additional benefits for students who do not have the internet access all the time and they can learn whenever they have access and re iterate through it. 2 INTRODUCTION


Abstract We investigated the application value of nanocarbon lymphatic tracer in thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy. A total of 80 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into the experiment group (n=40) and the control group (n=40). Patients in the experiment group was injected with nano carbon suspension before thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy, while patients in the control group underwent operation. The total lymph node resection was observed after the operation. Our results showed that the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in experiment group was less than that in the control group. The total complication rate in the experiment group was significantly less than that in the control group. The number of blackstained lymph nodes in the experiment group was significantly more than that in the control group. The black stain rate of thoracic lymph nodes was significantly higher than that on abdominal lymph nodes. The lymph node metastatic ratio of thoracic field in the experiment group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The lymph node metastatic ratio of abdominal field in the experiment and the control groups were 3.6 %, and 2.5 %, respectively. The total lymph node metastatic ratio in the experiment group was more than that of the control group. We concluded that the application of nano carbon tracer technique made the field of view of thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy more clear, and the lymph node dissection more thorough.


Aim: To see the difference in oral practices before and during lockdown period in rural patients in jaipur. Material Method: Questionaire was based on the postoperative instructions given after surgerical periodontal therapy, it included 16 questions which were asked to the 40 patients who were in maintainance phase after periodontal surgery (that was performed in the Department of periodontology, in MGDC, Jaipur, Rajasthan), through a telephonic conversation. Results: the 40 patients before and during lockdown, highly significant changes in frequency of brushing were observed during the lockdown some of the patients brushed only once a day. Many of them discontinued using or they diluted mouthwashes before use and 10 % patients complained about bad breath during the time of lockdown. Conclusion: patients were not able give time to their oral health during lockdown when compared to before lockdown period.


The meeting was convened to provide a forum for the discussion of those aspects of medical ethics which concerned clinical research, particularly the clinical studies which the pharmaceutical industry is required to carry out to satisfy regulatory authorities for them to issue licences for the introduction of new medicines. While the speakers did not confine themselves to this topic, they did raise many issue which impinge on clinical research with medicines, It is unfortunate that the meeting coincided with a server storm which undoubtedly restricted the audience and, therefore, the discussion which was intended. However, those who attended were fortunate to hear three excellent speakers give their personal views on an important subject which tends to be the Cinderella topic among clinical researchers and the pharmaceutical industry. However, all three speakers made the audience aware of the significance of ethics in all research on humans and the need for more education of both the profession and the public on this subject.


This paper presents a three dimensional bilateral filter detecting target trajectory, extracting spatial target information using two dimensional bilateral filter and temporal target information using one dimensional bilateral filter. In order to discriminate edge pixel with flat background and target region spatially and temporally, spatial and temporal variance are used for an image and temporal profile. With this procedure, background and background profile are predicted without original target through two dimensional and one dimensional bilateral filter. Finally, using spatially predicted background and temporally predicted background profile, small target can be detected. For comparison of existing target detection methods and the proposed method, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) is used in experimental results. Experimental results show that the proposed method has superior target detection rate and lower false alarm rate.


A feminist presence in international law is complex, multilayered and still in the process of full engagement. It has experienced great highs and lows in recent decades, moments of outwards success but with a growing realization of the blunt realities of undulating struggle to advance full recognition for the interests and status of women in the regulatory domain of international affairs.1 Moreover, the full relevance of feminist theorization to a body of norms that were historically only applicable to the relationships between nation-states is slowly being revealed by sustained debate and critique. A feminist engagement in international law should not be presumed, nor should female presence be read as power and influence over the fundamental preoccupations and alignments of the field. In particular, in the context of atrocity crimes, a feminist presence is a relatively new phenomenon, and feminist labour in the field remains a patchy and somewhat ad hoc endeavour. With a few notable exceptions, the acknowledged founders of the field are men, the edifices of structures and institutions are male-dominated and women have primarily intervened on those questions and issues traditionally coded female. There is a certain presumption in my use of the terms 'feminist' and 'international law'. The divisions and distinctions between feminist scholars in law and related fields have been well documented (Ferguson, 1984), and one must be careful of assuming homogeneity that flattens the mosaic of feminist interventions and positioning. In my own work, the struggle with terminology and positioning is ever present, and I am consistently aware of the challenges of being pigeon-holed by writing on subjects of sex, violence, care, vulnerability and dependency even as I write on a range of other topics. The presumed binary of 'international law' as a field of study, distinct from national law, transnational law, international relations and political science, assumes a set of agreements about the counters of the field and its borders that undercuts the nuance that many key feminist interventions have brought to international legal analysis. What is international law and what is international law about today? How do feminist scholars generally analyse international law? What do they include and exclude? How far can feminists stray from the presumed mainstream of international law and still be 'counted' in the


This work deals with the performance of the shock tube with helium and carbon dioxide as working fluids at different diaphragm pressure ratios using numerical simulation. A two-dimensional planar geometry of the shock tube is considered for the study. An inviscid time accurate model is developed to find the effects of diaphragm pressure ratios on the shock Mach number, temperature behind the incident and reflected shocks.. This numerical model is validated analytically as well as experimentally with air as working gas. Simulations were conducted for same and different driver/driven gas combinations with helium and carbon dioxide test gases using this model. Simulations were carried out using CFD solver FLUENT. Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) technique was applied to accurately capture and resolve shock and contact discontinuities. At lower pressure ratios the different gas model is able to produce 20.4% and at higher diaphragm pressure ratios up to 33% increase in shock Mach number when compared to the similar driver-driven gas model.


An active-clamp circuit is presented to avoid the surge-current in buck-boost converter with large-turns-ratio transformer, which is used as a bidirectional DC-DC converter with a high conversion ratio. The theoretical analysis and experimental results of steady-state and dynamic characteristics of it show that the output voltage linearly incremented and successfully avoided the surge-current phenomena.


Synchronous triple primary tumor occurring in the kidney, urinary bladder and prostate is a very rare condition in the practice of Urology. We have reported combined laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with a standard open radical cystoprostatectomy as an effective and reliable operation technique in patients with triple genitourinary tumors and high-risk co-morbidities.


Investigations by Baker and Stewart (1928), Sleesman (1934), and Matthewman et al. (1953) on varietal resistance of seeded onions to the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meig.), gave no significant results, probably because they were made on small numbers of commercial varieties. This is a report on field and greenhause tests from 1955 to 1957 on 44 varieties of Allium spp. grown from seed. The variety Early Yellow Globe was used as a standard of susceptibility to the onion maggot in all tests.


We have mapped the nearby face on barred spiral galaxy, M83 in the bright [CII] 158 mu m, [OI] 63 and 146 mu m, [NII] 122 mu m, and [OIII] 88 mu m fine-structure Lines with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) on ISO. The maps are nearly fully sampled, and cover the inner 6.75' x 6' region - essentially the entire optical disk. We also obtained a full LT;VS grating scan of the nucleus. The lines are detectable over the entire disk, and enhanced at the nucleus, where the [OI] 63 mu m and [NII] lines are particularly strong. At the nucleus, the line ratios indicate a strong starburst headed by O9 stars. Surprisingly, the [OI] and [CII] line emission (from photodissociation regions) is not enhanced relative to [NII] (from low density HII regions) on the spiral arms. The line ratios are the same for the spiral arms and interarm regions. We find very strong emission in the [OIII] 88 mu m, [OI] 146 mu m, and [CII] lines at the intersection of the bar and spiral arm to the SW indicating particularly strong star formation activity there. The [OI] 63 mu m/146 mu m line ratio is quite small there likely the result of self absorption in the 63 mu m line by enveloping clouds. The total luminosity of this emission peak is similar to 1.2 x 10(9) L.


This study aimed to find out the estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stock on Puspa (Schimma wallichii Korth.) inTalagaBodas Nature Reserve Garut. The uses of this study were to give information about the estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stock on Puspa Stands in Talaga Bodas Nature Reserve Garut and become a consideration in supporting the implementation of carbon trading and its effects on global warming. Descriptive quantitative was used as a method in this study with systematic sampling with a random startas a sampling technique. The making of the plot line using the line plots method that was to make a stub line 100 meters in length and on the stub line a plot of 20 x20 meters, was made in 3 replications. Related to research on estimating biomass in Puspa stands using allometric equations obtained results of 105.741tons/Ha. Carbon estimation using carbon fraction formula yielded 49,7658ton/Ha. The results of the calculation of the Puspa stand density Using the density formula (number of Puspa/area) obtained a result of 328 Puspa/Ha.


The shape of a structure which is known to deform in one-dimension only can be measured using a single optical fibre with one or more sensing elements multiplexed down its length. However, to monitor the shape of a structure that can deform in three-dimensions the full vector strain, or strain field, is required. To achieve this a minimum of three fibres, embedded in a non-collinear geometry, is required.


Objective:To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) in the diagnosis of malignant biliary obstruction.Methods:MR findings of 30 patients with carcinoma of biliary ducts confirmed surgically and pathologically were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The different degrees of dilatation of intra-and extra-hepatic bile ducts were showed on MRI in all 30 patients.Among 30 patients,there were 23 patients with cholangiocarcinoma,1 patient with gallbladder neoplasm,2 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,2 patients with metastases and 2 patients with ampulla carcinoma.The obstruction position located the intrahepatic bile duct in 2 cases,portal area in 10 cases,middle portion of the common bile duct in 15 cases and distal portion of the common bile duct in 3 cases.The obctruted and stenotic locations could be clearly seen on all T1WI,T2WI,MRI and MRCP.Conclusion:MRI combined with MRCP can increase the sensitivity of diagnosis in malignant biliary obstruction.


Introduction Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely used for the past two decades owing to its technologically promising properties. Regarding photocatalytic activities, anatase TiO2 is superior to the rutile form. Although a large number of studies have been performed thus far, the fundamental properties of anatase such as the electronic structures of both valence and conduction band regions are less known than those of rutile. Anatase is commercially available in powder form. This is because of the difficulty to synthesize a large-scale single crystal anatase, owing to its less stable form in comparison with the rutile form. In the present study, we have fabricated epitaxial anatase thin films with a good crystallinity and elucidated the valence band structure of the thin films by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES).


Abstract Context. Investigations of testosterone (T)-mediated feedback on LH secretion are few and contradictory. Discrepancies may reflect the choice of androgen, as well as dose, route and/or pattern (continuous vspulsatile) of administration. Moreover, for controlled T feedback studies, endogenous T secretion must be shut down and replaced by iv T infusion. Objective. The goal of this study was to quantify feedback in relation to the infused T pattern (pulsatile vs nonpulsatile) with the hypotheses that: 1) feedback by T pulses is less inhibitory, 2) T feedback operates partly at the pituitary level, 3) T feedback is controlled in part by body composition. Design. This was a placebo-controlled, blinded, and prospectively randomized crossover study comprising 16 men (age range 23-54 yr and BMI between 22.3-34.2 kg/m2). Subjects received ketoconazole (1600 mg over 22 h to block endogenous T secretion: serum T below 85 ng/dL) followed by pulsatile or continuous iv T addback (total T dose 5 mg/22 h). Cortisol inhibition was treated with low-dose dexamethasone.   Setting. The study was performed in a Clinical Translational Research Unit. Interventions. Subjects underwent 14 h of blood sampling at 10-min intervals, starting at 0600 h. T was given continuously starting at 0900 h or as 45-min squarewave pulses every 90 min. To test pituitary feedback, a bolus iv injection of 33 ng/kg GnRH was given at 1630 h. Outcome measures. Log-transformed LH and T concentration ratios before and after GnRH administration. In addition, a four-parameter logistic regression between serum T concentration and LH secretion rate (calculated by deconvolution analysis) was used to independently estimate feedback of T on LH. Results. Despite higher T (total, bioavailable and free T) concentrations during pulsatile feedback, LH concentrations and secretion rates, whether driven by endogenous or exogenous GnRH, were similar to those during continuous infusion, indicating diminished pulsatile T feedback. This interpretation was corroborated by the right-shift (i.e. towards higher T concentrations) of the T-LH inhibitory dose-response curve. During continuous and pulsatile T infusion, LH concentrations and LH:T ratios depended positively on BMI to a similar extent before and after GnRH administration.  Under both feedback regimens, basal but not pulsatile LH secretion correlated negatively with CT-estimated abdominal visceral fat mass. Age was not a significant covariate over the limited range explored. Conclusion. In summary, pulsatile T is less effective as a negative feedback signal on LH secretion than continuous T administration, as demonstrated by two independent methods. This difference in feedback strength was evident for exogenous GnRH-stimulated LH release as well, and thus occurs probably in part at the pituitary level, while not excluding additional hypothalamic involvement.


In this paper, a theoretical study is presented to compare the performance of a non-symmetric (i.e., different damping force characteristics in rebound and compression), fail-safe, magneto rheological fluid (MRF) damper with an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) damper for off-highway, high mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) using a quarter car model. In addition, an experimental set up for a full-scale two degree-of-freedom quarter car model suspension system of a HMMWV is constructed. Simple harmonic displacement input is used as the road profile. Sky-hook algorithm is utilized to control the MRF damper. Displacement and acceleration transmissibility to the sprung mass are determined to compare performances of controlled MRF and passive OEM dampers. The experimental results for OEM damper are also compared with theoretical predictions.


In the face of globalization in world trade, the European Union has steadfastly tried to encourage an opening up of competition. However, since the middle of the 90's in the new German federal states, the privatization of water and electricity has given rise to debates and protest actions because it goes against the traditions of public service and municipal autonomy. Rather than trying to depict recent restructuring in Europe as a "retreat of the State", the sociological analysis proposed in this paper will emphasize the competition between different visions of the role that the State can play in public affairs. Our interpretation of the rise of social protest in some cities of the new German federal states as the product of a fight for a legitimate definition of the state's role in restructuring public policies will enable us to highlight the social dynamics that underlie the opposition to European policies for the economic management of public service.


A nonparametric frontier approach, data envelopment analysis, was used to calculate technical, pure technical, cost, allocative and scale efficiencies of 112 farms participating in the Grain for Green Program on the Loess Plateau in China. The results indicate substantial cost inefficiencies. The main source of cost inefficiency was allocative inefficiency although considerable technical inefficiency also exists. Technical inefficiency resulted slightly more from scale inefficiency than from pure technical inefficiency. Scale inefficiency was mostly due to the suboptimal scale of farms. Regression analysis of explanatory variables against technical efficiency, allocative efficiency and scale efficiency suggested that LG_Agri (indicator for farm size) was the only variable that was significantly related to all three efficiency indices. Other significant variables include Remittance Ratio (indicator for rural-urban migration), Tenancy Ratio (indicator for land tenancy) and Simpson Index (indicator for land fragmentation). Our findings prompt policy suggestions that would facilitate labor mobility, provide more secure land tenure and increase land consolidation, while avoiding further withdrawal of cultivated land unless explicit measures to alleviate the potential impact on production efficiency are followed.


Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum and some other relative species. It causes lethal disease called botulism. It can enter body via infections by Clostridium (e.g. wound and children botulism) or by a direct contact with the toxin or eating a contaminated food (food-borne botulism). Botulinum toxin is also considered as a relevant biological warfare agent with expected high number of causalities when misused for bioterrorist or military purposes. The current paper surveys the actual knowledge about botulinum toxin pathogenesis, manifestation of poisoning, current trends in diagnostic and therapy. Relevant and recent literature is summarized in this paper.


After the collapse of the Soviet Union, in particular after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, scholars began to assert the notion of a competition for infl uence in Central Asia between Russia, China, and the United States similar to the "Great Game" played between Imperial Russia and Great Britain in the 19th century. This paper explores the "New Great Game" between Russia, China, and the United States and argues that China is the current victor in this game. Unlike the original power plays of the Russian and British empires that centered on imperial zero-sum competition, this competition is economically driven by a search for energy resources and underscores the new mode of competition in our integrated economies. Ultimately, in light of modern globalization trends of economic and political integration, China's new power and investment in Central Asia should be a welcome development, as it will likely stabilize the region and continue to incite favorable economic growth.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the procedural order of consideration and resolution of cases related to the change of an individual's legal status, namely - recognition of an individual incompetent. The article analyzes the updated procedure for declaring an individual incompetent. The author of the article draws attention to the fact that the legislator has expanded the range of litigants in this type of proceedings; has provided for the possibility of direct participation of the person in respect of whom the proceedings for recognition of his/ her incompetence were initiated, both in-person and his/ her participation in the case through a videoconference from the medical institution where such person is at that moment; has set the terms of the court decision on declaring an individual incompetent, for not more than two years; has granted the right to certain entities to apply for an extension of the decision declaring an individual incompetent, which may be filed no later than fifteen days before the end of two years; has granted a person who was declared incompetent the right to apply to the court with a request to cancel the court decision, etc.It is noted that the validity of a court decision declaring an individual incompetent, which is provided by law, requires certain clarifications. It is substantiated that the obligatory appointment of a forensic psychiatric examination during the consideration of the case and to confirm the request for extension of the decision validity also requires some clarification, depending on the individual's state of disease. The author considers the views of scholars and practitioners regarding mandatory participation in the consideration of an individual's incompetence cases and the cancellation of a court decision on such cases - a lawyer who will provide adequate judicial protection and effective civil proceedings. It is concluded that it is expedient to expand the range of entities authorized to initiate the issue of revoking a court decision declaring an individual incompetent, supplementing them with such a participant as a prosecutor, which in turn will guarantee access to court, promote fair judicial protection of rights, freedoms, and interests of the persons, making a lawful and reasonable decision.


In 1830, the philologist Pedro Martinez Lopez was forced to go into exile in France for political reasons. In 1832, he published Representacion a Fernando VII, rey de Espana, a lampoon in which he made a whole string of accusations against the tyrant. At the end of the following year, he published Espana en 1833, al expirar Fernando VII, another lampoon in which he blamed the king's despotic reign for the country's disastrous situation and asserted that such abuses and injustices could only be remedied by re-establishing the Constitution of Cadiz of 1812. In 1834, he ceased to rail against his political enemies, changed strategy, and using his considerable imagination, wrote a kind of fable entitled Una noche en el infierno, vista entre suenos. With a mixture of humour and acid wit, it told of how all the devils in the Kingdom of Darkness, embracing the «sacred» cause of liberalism, vented their anger on the deceased Ferdinand and his followers, who were still in power. It would appear that the work was a success, since it was republished in 1836. In 1835, disillusioned with the tepid and conservative liberal regime of the Estatuto Real, Martinez Lopez wrote another story, Las Brujas en Zugarramurdi, in which different satanic creatures, this time sorceresses, take it upon themselves to defeat moderantismo and establish a progressive regime. After this, he ceased to publish lampoons and political parables and devoted himself to producing learned works, bringing out various dictionaries and grammars which were republished several times.


Nine crude oil and 15 core samples from the North Slope were analyzed by geochemical methods to identify relationships between the oils and their source rocks. Based on bulk geochemical parameters, the crude oils can be separated into the two groups reported by Magoon and Claypool (1981): a Barrow-Prudhoe group and a Simpson-Umiat group. One exception to this classification is an oil produced from the Cretaceous Kongakut Formation at South Barrow that has some features of each type and may be a mixture of the two. Standard geochemical techniques were used to evaluate the oil-source potential of rocks from Cretaceous to Permian age. These data identify the pebble shale unit of the Cretaceous Kongakut Formation, the Jurassic Kingak Shale, and the Triassic Shublik Formation s having the most favorable oil-source potential. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of steranes and terpanes was used to correlate oils with potential source rocks. Based on these results, both the pebble shale unit and the Cretaceous Torok Formation are suggested as possible sources of the oil from the Umiat Basin and Simpson shelf. A positive correlation could not be made for source rocks of the Barrow-Prudhoe oils, although based on pristane/phytane ratio the Triassic Shublik Formation is suggested as a possible source.


In this technical supplement, we provide additional information on the methods used to generate alternative measures of the Federal Reserve Banks' cost of equity capital (COE) examined within the context of the 2004 PSAF Review. Specifically, we discuss: the construction of a more focused peer group of bank holding companies; our ex-ante model selection criteria; the various CAPM model specifications we examined and their empirical results; and incorporating BHC leverage ratios into the analysis.


A water control technology for carbonate reservoirs, which uses heavy oil from Mordovo-Karmalskoye oil field (Republic of Tatarstan), has been developed. The technology can be realized in two options: heated heavy oil is mixed with oil-well Portland cement forming a slurry, or with highly oxidized bitumen, forming a melt. To prevent cooling of the injected slurry/melt, heat-insulated pipes are used.


The material property of orbiting scroll surface, mainly affects the life and performance of scroll compressors. Generally, the anodic oxide film (AOF) is used in the surface treatment of the domestic orbiting scroll, which has numerous drawbacks such as poor adhesion of the film-substrate and easy wear failure. In this paper, a process producing the diamond-like carbon film (DLCF) on the surface of an orbiting scroll by unbalanced magnetron sputtering technology was proposed based on the mechanical characteristics of the scroll compressor and the surface treatment method of the orbiting scroll. The friction coefficient, microhardness, film-substrate adhesion and other performances of the AOF and DLCF were analyzed from the data measured by various test facilities. The refrigeration capacity, power and volumetric efficiency of compressors with different coatings were analyzed and compared by tests under different operating conditions with fixed values of refrigerant charge and oil content. The surface morphology of the coatings was then studied by scanning electron microscope to identify the microstructure after the operation. The results showed that a more even and dense surface was obtained by the DLCF compared with the AOF, which improved the wear resistance of the surface. The surface friction coefficient was only 0.11 as the Cr transition layer markedly enhanced the bonding strength. The DLCF displayed more properties of graphite with the thickness of only 0.73 μ m. The volumetric efficiency of the compressor under the nominal operating condition increased by 5.8%.


This study has examined one of the reasons why trade communities are not willing to convert from traditional trade to utilization of e-trade ever though th latter has more advantage than the former in order to vitalize the electronic trade settlement method. In particular, it has compared incidental expense between off-line and on-line for the trade settlement. For the effective analysis, the incidental expenses have been classified into three sectors such as fixed expense, variable expense, additional expense. Also this paper analyzed a difference of the incidental expense by purchase amount like US$10,000, US$20,000, US$30,000. Meanwhile, it has tried to find the cross point of incidental expense between the traditional and electronic trade settlement with additional expense and without additional expense respectively. In the case of trade settlement without additional expense, the cross point is less than US$15,000. This implied that the use of L/C method be more attractive than one of Trade Card system when the purchase amount will be above US$15,000. However, in case of trade settlement with additional expense, the cross point is more than US$30,000 at sight payment and US$27,500 at usance payment respectively. In conclusion, this paper shows a reasonable level of purchase amount using the electronic settlement. Also the level of the cross point depends on whether a transaction contains additional expense or not. IT means that the seller are going to use the traditional settlement if there is no possibility of payment risks. Otherwise, the seller wants to use the electronic settlement method.


The NASA Glenn Research Center and the Cleveland State University have developed a digitally controlled dc-dc converter (see the photograph) to research the benefits of flexible, digital control on power electronics and systems. Initial research and testing has shown that conventional dc-dc converters can benefit from improved performance by using digital-signal processors and nonlinear control algorithms.


In this paper,the characteristics of the construction quality supervision was introduced,the necessity and advantages and disadvantages of several evaluation methods for improving the practical ability of quality supervisors were analyzed,and the innovative method of the training and evaluation of the supervision ability using the Internet technology,simulation technology,BIM engineering application technology,in order to provide reference for training to improve or evaluate the practical ability of construction quality supervisors.


The main aim of this thesis was to unravel the signaling
 and regulatory networks that drive tumor cell migration during breast cancer
 metastasis. Understanding how tumor cells migrate, how this process is
 differentially regulated, and how this highly heterogeneous and plastic behavior
 is coordinated during metastatic dissemination, will ultimately provide novel
 insights in therapeutic opportunities. The work presented in this thesis
 includes different microscopy techniques and analytical tools to study
 migratory behavior (Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5), reveals an important role for
 adhesion GPCRs in cell adhesion and migration (Chapter 3), provides a
 compendium of genes that drive tumor cell migration in breast cancer (Chapter
 4), and investigates the intricate connection between adhesion dynamics, cell
 migration and contractility (Chapter 5). Collectively, this work provides
 novel insights in the molecular determinants of tumor cell migration and will
 help us better understand the signaling landscape that drives the formation
 of breast cancer metastases.


Bolides are detected by the Geostationary Lightning Mapper onboard the GOES‐16 weather satellite, which takes images of Earth at a rate of 500 Hz in a 1.1 nm wide pass band centered on 777.4 nm wavelength. Ten case studies are discussed. These initial results were obtained using the Level 0 data received during the nonoperational in‐orbit postlaunch test period. GLM positions and timings are sufficiently accurate to assist in trajectory and orbit reconstruction. GLM samples the light curve nearly completely, unaffected by onboard and downlink processes tailored to lightning data. Sufficient data on the instantaneous background scene are provided to reconstruct the baseline drift in the brightest pixels. The agreement to within a factor of 2–3 between measured total radiated energy from GLM and that derived from other space‐borne observations implies that during the bolide's peak brightness the GLM pass band is dominated by continuum emission, rather than O I line emission. The reported flux is corrected for angle‐from‐nadir shifts in the central wavelength of the pass band, which overestimates continuum flux by only up to 20% for most of the GLM field of view, but more so if the bolide is observed far from nadir. Assuming a 6000 K blackbody spectrum, GLM is able to detect bolides with peak visual magnitude (at a normalized 100 km distance) brighter than about −14 in nighttime, and slightly brighter in daytime.


When the full closing command, DC set up a certain soft landing start target position relative to the drive control section for feedback controlling the drive of the motor (2) and also a position target opening, and the chamber opening degree difference between the position and the soft landing start target position first at the timing at which the threshold value, and sets the target opening degree position gradually subtracting the soft landing start target position to the drive control.


An assessment of the geotechnical parameters as causative agents in the formation of gullies in Ankpa area of north central Nigeria is presented. Gully erosion is an environmental hazard that is ravaging the landscape of Ankpa and its environs. Geologically, Ankpa falls within the Anambra Basin which is linked with the development of the Niger Delta Miogeosyncline and the opening of the Benue trough and underlain by sandstone of the Ajali Formation. Geological field work was carried out to assess the causes and extent of the gully erosion menace using traverse method. Soil samples were collected from gully sites and trial pits dug at varying depths for geotechnical analyses. The test carried out includes; Sieve analysis,specific gravity test, natural moisture content, compaction tests and Atterberg' limit tests. Results from the sieve analysis; uniformity coefficient (Cu) ranges from 2.4 to 8.0 and coefficient of gradation (Cc) range from 0.5 to 2.3, these indicate that the soil from the gully sites and trial pits are within the medium to coarse grain range with very low percentages of silt/clay. Plasticity index carried out to compare plasticity characteristics of erosion prone areas and stable land revealed that the soils are non-cohesive and non-plastic ranging from 2.5% to 10.5% at both areas. The compaction test shows that the optimum moisture content (OMC) ranges from 11.5% to 15.5% while the maximum dry density (MDD) ranges from 1.90KN/m 3 to 1.94KN/m 3 . The maximum dry density values are generally low which indicates that the soils are not compact but very loose. The study identified Ankpa gully erosion to be induced majorly by natural factors and some human activities. The natural factors that influence erosion in Ankpa and its environs include; the highly friable Ajali sandstone underlying the area of study as observed from the geotechnical tests, gently and steeply sloping locations, heavy rainfall and under-rated runoff. Human activities include: non-compliance to town planning regulations, poor land management, land clearing for cultivation, bush burning, lumbering and excavation.


We study the topological dynamics of the horocycle flow $h_\mathbb{R}$ on a geometrically infinite hyperbolic surface S. Let u be a non-periodic vector for $h_\mathbb{R}$ in T^1 S. Suppose that the half-geodesic $u(\mathbb{R}^+)$ is almost minimizing and that the injectivity radius along $u(\mathbb{R}^+)$ has a finite inferior limit $Inj(u(\mathbb{R}^+))$. We prove that the closure of $h_\mathbb{R} u$ meets the geodesic orbit along un unbounded sequence of points $g_{t_n} u$. Moreover, if $Inj(u(\mathbb{R}^+)) = 0$, the whole half-orbit $g_{\mathbb{R}^+} u$ is contained in $h_\mathbb{R} u$. When $Inj(u(\mathbb{R}^+)) > 0$, it is known that in general $g_{\mathbb{R}^+} u \subset h_\mathbb{R} u$. Yet, we give a construction where $Inj(u(\mathbb{R}^+)) > 0$ and $g_{\mathbb{R}^+} u \subset h_\mathbb{R} u$, which also constitutes a counterexample to Proposition 3 of [Led97].


The main objective of this study is to elicit the benefits that arise from Shadegan wetland in southern Iran to the users of this ecosystem, who are impacted most significantly by degradation/conversion of this ecosystem. Hence, a choice experiment (CE) and contingent valuation method (CVM) survey of users of the Shadegan wetland were conducted to estimate the value of non-market services provided by the wetland. The benefits from high-level conservation of the wetland are estimated from CVM to be about US$ 2.26 per household of users. Meanwhile, the estimated compensated surplus from CE was about US$ 8.28. Findings of this study suggest that the high value of Shadegan wetland for user communities can help policy-makers and wetland managers adopt policies that have no further conversion benefits than conservation or risks of degradation.


ED FROM Hollier LM, Wendel GD. Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(1):CD004946. Correspondence to: Prof L Hollier, LBJ General Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; email@example.com Source of funding: not stated. c Clinical impact ratings: GP/FP/Primary care 6/7; GP/FP/Obstetrics 6/7; Paediatric neonatology 6/7; Paediatrics 5/7; Obstetrics 5/7 Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis v placebo or no treatment in pregnant women with genital herpes simplex virus (HSV)* Maternal outcomes at delivery Number of trials (n) Weighted event rates RRR (95% CI) NNT (CI) Herpes recurrence 7 (1249) 4.6% v 15% 72% (57 to 82) 10 (8 to 15) Caesarean delivery for HSV 7 (1249) 3.9% v 14% 70% (55 to 80) 10 (8 to 15) HSV detection 5 (887) 0.3% v 6.3% 86% (61 to 95) 17 (13 to 34) Neonatal outcome RRI (CI) NNH (CI) HSV detection after delivery 4 (737) 0.3% v 0.3% 63% (278 to 1113) Not significant *Abbreviations defined in glossary. RRR, RRI, NNT, NNH, and CI calculated from data in article using a fixed-effects model. C O M M EN TA R Y T he review by Hollier et al found that in women with recurrent HSV infection before or during pregnancy, antiviral treatment reduced the risk of genital lesions at delivery, caesarean deliveries for lesions, and subclinical viral shedding. Treatment was not associated with any major adverse effects in mothers or babies. Most women with genital herpes, the most common sexually transmitted viral infection, will have a recurrence in pregnancy. Risk of recurrence after primary HSV-2 infection is about 60% (median 4 recurrences/y). In the studies reviewed by Hollier et al, most women had genital herpes before pregnancy, and only 6–15% had recurrence at delivery without any treatment. Even in this low-risk group, antiviral drugs reduced the risk of genital lesions and asymptomatic viral shedding. Currently, pregnant women without genital lesions at term do not need to have caesarean deliveries, although they could be shedding virus and pose a risk of infection to the fetus passing through the vaginal passage. Given that rates of viral shedding may be similar in women with and without symptoms, and most cases of neonatal herpes occur in mothers without lesions, the benefit of antiviral drug treatment is obvious. To what extent will this treatment reduce the disease burden of neonatal herpes, which is said to occur in 1 in 3000 to 1 in 20 000 live births? Prevention of neonatal herpes and its attendant morbidity and mortality largely depends on effective screening of pregnant women with past genital herpes infection who can then be offered treatment near term and caesarean delivery at onset of labour if treatment fails. Those likely to be missed are infected women who have never had lesions—almost 80% in one study of neonatal HSV infection. Hence, treatment of recurrent herpes will prevent a small percentage of all neonatal HSV infections. The only effective screening method would be serological testing of all pregnant women near term, but this would incur enormous cost to prevent 1 case of neonatal herpes. Suhas Otiv, MD King Edward Memorial Hospital Pune, India 1. Gupta R, Warren T, Wald A. Genital herpes. Lancet 2007;370:2127–37. 2. Stone KM, Brooks CA, Guinan ME, et al. National surveillance for neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. Sex Transm Dis 1989;16:152–6. Therapeutics 178 EBM December 2008 Vol 13 No 6


—Blockchain is extensively applied to many fields as an immutable distributed ledger. However, the immutability contradicts regulations such as the GDPR ruling "the right to be forgotten" of data. Besides, numerous emerging blockchain-based applications call for elastic data management. To erase some data, redactable blockchains are proposed for breaking the immutability in a controlled way. Unfortunately, the prior solutions may suffer from poor security and centralized control of the redaction privilege. They cannot support dynamic nodes, where the departure of participators will result in a single point of failure. This paper proposes a novel dynamic and decentralized attribute-based chameleon hash (DACH) to make blockchain history mutable, achieving a securely and dynamically redactable blockchain (SDR-chain) in a decentralized setting. We first propose the formal definition, security models, and concrete construction of our DACH. Meanwhile, we design a delegation algorithm of DACH to support a dynamically changing committee, where participators can freely and securely leave and join the network. Then, the transactions of the SDR-chain are redacted by computing DACH collisions. The security is analyzed in the random oracle model. Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation demonstrate that our SDR-chain is superior to the prior solutions in terms of security and functionality.


Objective: Improve the legal provisions on the mechanism for implementing successful mediation agreements according to Vietnam Commercial Mediation law.

Method: Methods used in this article include: writing law analysis, comparative method, and data collected from documentation... to compare and analyze The successful mediation enforcement mechanism under Vietnamese law and some countries such as Germany, the United States, Australia, and Singapore.

Result: Resolved inadequacies in recognizing a "Successful mediation agreement"; Proposed to develop regulations on the mechanism of implementing a successful mediation agreement within the scope of the law on commercial mediation, the law on handling administrative violations, and the law on enforcement of civil judgments.

Conclusion: This study contributes to orienting, perfecting, and resolving shortcomings related to the key role of the commercial mediator, improving security principles, and simplifying processes to recognize a "Successful settlement agreement". This important legal foundation helps the Commercial Mediation method operate effectively.


anthropology, education and political science who have studied China's ethnic minorities, along with recent Ph.D.s who have done fieldwork in previously understudied regions. It is divided into three sections cultural challenges to state schooling, educational disparities and case studies of ethnic minority schooling and the varied methodologies range from grounded field research and national cross-county quantitative surveys to standard documentary research. Two of the chapters Janet Upton's study of the development of modern school-based Tibetan language education based on fieldwork in Songpan county, Sichuan province and Regie Stites's overview of national minority language policy are of particular relevance to the issues raised by Bass, and likewise show that solutions to educational problems have been and will presumably continue to be shaped by the politics of ethnic identity. The strength of Postiglione's volume is its broad coverage. Mette Halskov Hansen puts it well in her chapter on Chinese state education among the Tai in Sipsong Panna (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province) when she notes the immense discrepancies in the various minority regions in terms of educational practices and local responses, with regard both to educational attainment and ethnic identity. We clearly have lacked the detailed knowledge that would allow scholars to go beyond the highly generalized descriptions one often sees in writings on minority education in China. These two books are a valuable step forward and should stimulate further research in this important area.


This paper discusses the use in dental practices of quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) and alcohol-based disinfectants in relation to bactericidal efficacy against mycobacteria. QAC disinfectants ...


have been deprived of the fundamental right of equal i ty ? This paper presents some legal aspects of "rationing model" for health care in Canadian Once it is accepted that s ubstantial f airness context. More questions are r aised than answered. is not possible, a model that ensures some form of In appendix statistical tables are provided for fairness is necessary. In order to promote the breakdown of the health care costs in the fairness, some sort of standard setting mechanism province of Quebec. is required. There are two types of standards which should be considered:


In this paper, we introduce a new visualization tool for network-wide intrusion detection. It is based in multivariate anomaly detection with a combination between Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a new variant called Group-wise PCA (GPCA). Combining these methodologies with the capabilities of interactive visualization, the resulting tool is a highly flexible and intuitive interface that allows the user to navigate through the enormous amount of data collected in the network, in order to find anomalous or unexpected behaviors. We use a real case study to illustrate the capability of the tool to unveil the complex mixture of information that can be found in network security/traffic data and identify and diagnose anomalies in it.


What makes a psi-conducive state? The suggestion is made here that psi occurs when there is a confusion between reality and imagination. Most of our experiences are clearly either real or imagined, and we can usually tell the difference between real perceptions, or memories and unreal fantasies or imagery. We may have great confidence in our decisions, but how do we tell? One theory of reality testing uses "cognitive effort" as a criterion (e.g., Johnson & Raye, 1981). The more effort it takes to conjure up an image, the more likely it is to come from imagination; the easier it is, the more likely it is to be a real memory or external event. Recent evidence suggests that people use vividness of a memory as an indicator of its accuracy (Garry, Loftus, & Brown, 1994). Obviously there is much room for error and we sometimes confuse reality with imagination. Suggestions that psi lurks in this borderline between reality and imagination are abundant. They come from spontaneous cases, from occult traditions, and from laboratory psi. Spontaneous Cases In a dream we are usually convinced that events are real only to discover, on waking, that they are not. Louisa Rhine noted that psi is especially common in "realistic dreams," and these entail even more confusion. In their classic collection, Phantasms of the Living, Gurney, Myers and Podmore (1886) take dreams as a major category of cases. However, they conclude that "borderland cases," including hypnagogic images, were a better type to investigate because they were rarer than dreams. Hypnagogic images (images that occur just before one falls asleep) often arise spontaneously and feel very realistic. Dreams were the largest category (nearly 60%) among the thousands of cases collected by Louisa Rhine (1965) and the same proportion occurs in the Sannwald collection (Schouten, 1981). Rhine's other categories of psi experience occurred during waking imagery, or were intuitions or hunches of various kinds. These main types of psychic experience can all be seen as in some way straddling the borderline between reality and imagination, or as occurring in a state in which reality and imagination are confused. Of particular interest are lucid dreams, in which the person is aware during the dream that it is a dream. Lucid dreams have a strange quality of feeling intensely real, even though the dreamer is aware (by definition) that this is not external reality. Lucid dreams were originally studied within psychical research (Van Eeden, 1913) and many accounts of ostensibly psychic lucid dreams have been collected (e.g., Fox, 1962; Green, 1968) though recent research on lucid dreaming (Gackenbach & LaBerge, 1986) has not included studies of psi. Between sleep and waking are various borderline states, all of which entail some confusion of reality and imagination. Most well known are the hypnagogic states (Mavromatis, 1987). Then there are false awakenings, in which a person dreams of waking up and is temporarily convinced the scene is real (Van Eeden, 1913; Gackenbach & LaBerge, 1986). If figures or voices are perceived in this state, they can easily be taken to be actual presences in a real environment. There is also sleep paralysis, in which one apparently wakes up but cannot move. Sleep paralysis is surprisingly common, with surveys showing that between 20% and 40% of the population experience it from time to time (Fukuda, 1993; Spanos, McNulty, DuBreuil, & Pires, 1995). They may report fear, strange vibrations and humming sounds, feelings of flying, and hallucinations and visions, but the most common feature is the sense of an unseen presence. It is not clear whether the whole scene is dreamed, as in a metachoric experience (Green & McCreery, 1975), or whether the hallucinations are superimposed on a real perceived environment. In any case, it is clear that a confusion between reality and imagination is occurring and that the "presence" feels real. …


The six species of the Juglandaceae which have been considered possess well developed lateral sieve plates which have the same structure and appearance and seem to function in the same manner as the sieve plates on the end walls. The callus on the lateral sieve plates is identical in character with that on the end walls. The large sieve tubes have lateral sieve plates which are as crowded and as large as the terminal ones. This is contrary to the accepted views in regard to the sieve tubes of the dicotyledons. It would seem that we have here to do with an ancestral character, which indicates that the lower dicotyledons, as exemplified in the Juglandaceae, are more nearly related to the gymnosperms or vascular cryptogams. It is hoped that a further study of the phloem of the dictoyledons may disclose other ancestral traits, or aid somewhat in a systematic classification from an anatomical standpoint.


Contemporary training of high-skilled specialists and providing their mobility at the European labour market requires studying and taking into account trends of the demand for the formation of students' competences by higher educational institutions. The paper aims to present European experience in classifying competences as well as results of studying trends of university students' demand for the formation of their competences at higher educational institutions of Ukraine. The following research methods were applied: information gathering (regular private written questionnaire), systematisation, ranked evaluation, results analysis and interpretation. Methodology and instruments for studying competences in higher education have been proposed in the research. In order to make the sample representative and obtain required information, the study was conducted among students and cadets taking into account individual, group and collective choice. The study was conducted during 4 academic years (2013-2017) at National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine; 430 people (including 14 student groups and 12 cadet groups) participated in the study. The results obtained indicate that the most popular demand among university students is the formation of the following competences in them: determination and perseverance in the tasks given and responsibilities taken; ability to make reasoned decisions; ability to apply knowledge in practical situations; ability to work in a team; ability to adapt to and act in new situation; ability to plan and manage time; ability to evaluate and maintain the quality of work produced; ability to identify, pose and resolve problems; knowledge and understanding of the subject area and understanding of the profession; capacity to learn and stay up-to-date with learning. The determined demand trends for the formation of competences among university students of Ukraine was compared to the data obtained in studies conducted as part of the Tuning Project.


Patient navigation can increase colorectal cancer screening rates. The net economic impact of a colonoscopy patient navigator program was evaluated in an urban public hospital setting.


Based on the simulation of conducted emission noise voltage of electric vehicle DC/DC converter, this paper uses a co-simulation analysis method with HFSS- Simplorer, to predict the optimization and improvement impacts by adding magnetic core into the full 3D model, or changing the value of lumped capacitor in the simulation circuit. According to the difference of the simulation results, the effectiveness of improvement can be determined quickly, it provides an important support for the location and rectification of component level electromagnetic interference problem of conducted emission in DC/DC converter.


Through summarizing and proving,here are some distance formulae from point in to hyperplane.Two new formulae are presented and the distance formula from point in to super subspace is inferred.The projection of a point onto a hyperplane is deduced.


The partial pressures of mercury PHg and of diatomic tellurium P2 have been determined from the optical density of the vapor phase coexisting with HgTe–ZnTe solid solutions containing 10, 20, 30, 50, and 70 mol % ZnTe. The optical density was measured between 250 and 750 nm, the maximum temperature range covered was 300 to 791 °C. The predominant vapor species is PHg, even for the Te‐saturated state. Only PHg was measurable for the metal‐saturated state. The maximum value was measured for 50 mol % ZnTe and is 34 atm at 727 °C. At temperatures up to about 500 °C, PHg is very nearly the same for all of the metal‐saturated samples studied. For the Te‐saturated state, both PHg and P2 were measured. A plot of log PHg against 1000/T is a straight line at low temperatures and at a given temperature, PHg is higher the smaller the mol % ZnTe in the solid solution. The chemical potential of HgTe in the solid solutions is derived from the data and compared to that in HgTe–CdTe.


(57) ABSTRACT An optical information recording and reading apparatus checks the recording of information simultaneously with recording of said information by means of a re cording laser beam by detecting a deflected portion of the reflected beam of the recording laser beam from an optical recording medium. An intensity differential signal is generated by monitoring different portions of the deflected portion of the reflected beam. The inten sity differential signal is insensitive to intensity changes in the recording laser beam, The accuracy of the re corded information is determined by sensing the change of polarity of the intensity signal. An error signal is generated as a function of the polarity of the intensity differential signal to re-record information not recorded properly.


During the last years, crowdfunding gained attention as alternative source of funding for a variety of projects. More and more creative, artistic and entrepreneurial projects search funding through the crowd. However, crowdfunding markets are often considered inefficient and shaped by information asymmetries. Although first project characteristics towards governance mechanisms have been identified, the general use of governance mechanisms in crowdfunding and their impact on funding success have mostly remained uncovered. With that in mind, we present preliminary results on the influence of governance mechanisms on funding success of crowdfunding projects. We assessed 108 projects from 18 platforms in order to measure the use of governance mechanisms and to discover differences between the types of crowdfunding. We find that archetypes of governance mechanisms with influence on the funding success exist and intend to contribute to theory that explains the use of governance mechanisms in crowdfunding.


Abstract Yield mapping may form an important part of an in-field site-specific crop production system, both for the spatial analysis of production efficiency and for the determination of spatially optimized application rates for fertilizer and sowing of seed. The objective of the work reported here, was to apply the principle of yield mapping to whole crop harvesting corn silage. The yield measurement is based on the continuous recording of the material flowrate through harvesting machine, the machine driving speed and the machine location in the field. For the flowrate measurement, the shaft of the material blower and the drive shaft of the base unit powering the cutterhead, feedrolls and front attachement, were instrumented with strain gauge torque transducers. Within the calibration range, the signals of these sensors showed a linear relationship to the flowrate. The harvester was also equipped with a speed radar and a data acquisition system based on a personal computer. The location tracking of the machine was done by integrating the machine speed and manual recording of the machine path in the field. The construction of a yield map, from the recorded signals, included several digital signal processing operations. The resulting map of a 1·2ha corn silage hield showed spatial yield variation from 1·2 to 4·8 kg/m 2 with average of 3·2 kg/m 2 and standard deviation of 0·64 kg/m 2 .


A binary classifier termed as proximal support vector machine via generalized eigenvalues(GEPSVM) is proposed recently.It aims to obtain two nonparallel planes generated from their corresponding generalized eigenvalue problem and has an equivalent classification efficiency to SVM.In nature,GEPSVM attempts to fit two-class points using two planes.For an unknown sample,according to the decision rule of GEPSVM,it will be assigned to the closest planes.In fact,this rule,in many cases,may result in wrong classification.In this paper,based on GEPSVM,a new proximal support vector machine based on the primary and secondary prototypal hyperplanes is proposed.First,it produces the primary prototypal hyperplanes by GEPSVM,and then,it produces the secondary prototypal hyperplanes using primary prototypal hyperplanes and the information of other classes.This method is not only simple and easy-to-realize,but also improves the classification accuracy of GEPSVM,which has been validated on real UCI datasets.


Majority of control algorithms used in industrial processes is PID or PID modification and many of these is badly tuned. The reason for this is that the physical constraints of the manipulated variable are neglected. The PID algorithm, presented in the paper, is obtained by inverting the standard PID twice and it is able to handle the constraints. The first analytical inverting step results in a proper PID inverse. This is then transformed into a state-space model. The statespace model is then inverted again by using the same method which is applied in Globally Linearizing Control and taking into account the physical constraints of the manipulated variable. The constrained PID (C-PID) algorithm obtained this way is an anti reset wind-up algorithm which can be readily implemented. A possible design methodology is also proposed. At the same time, regarding processes with not higher than second order dynamics, the solution a rigourous model-based one.


All speech, indeed, all thought, is a translation of the impressions and sensations we seek to transmit. Intralingual translation is generally unconscious; interlingual translation is a conscious act, marked by vulnerability. Translation is always imperfect, as there are no perfect equivalencies, but its depiction as traitorous is based in semi-religious interpretation. In fiction it often reflects political and sexual barriers to be crossed. In practice, it engages power, between majority and lesser-known languages, and it gives access to power. Finally, it is a gendered act, in which the translator, required to be invisible, brings the unseen to the surface.


Background: A major goal of asthma management is achieving and maintaining optimal control. Current assessment is based on symptoms and lung function. Portable monitors for FeNO have now become available. Objectives: We evaluated whether domiciliary daily home FeNO monitoring could be useful as an index of asthma control. Methods: Fifty asthmatic subjects and 15 healthy volunteers with a range of asthma severity underwent asthma control questionnaire (ACQ), spirometry before and after salbutamol and sputum induction. FeNO and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured twice daily for 2 weeks. A record of exacerbations was obtained 3 months later. Results: Diurnal FeNO variation in uncontrolled asthmatics was significantly greater than in controlled asthmatics (p Conclusions: Diurnal variation in FeNO combined with ACQ scores can be used as a better marker of asthma control and as a predictor of the risk of future exacerbation. Prospective studies are warranted.


This article examines how the study of topoi can be developed with regards to contemporary literature. Looking to French literature and its current interest in the everyday and our empirical places, the article discusses both how a literary topology can further an understanding of how and why these authors search for our everyday places, and how a contemporary topology necessarily needs to focus less on narrative itself and more on the articulation of place and experience. Acknowledging how the train becomes a recurrent topos in French literature, this article proposes a method that combines and rethinks a modern topology with an idea of place as a locus for an everyday social experience disturbing both empirical and literary convention.


The present paper presents conditions on the set of equivalence classes of bimodules associated with actions of a pair of finite groups on a von Neumann algebra to have the structure of a fusion rule algebra.


The boriding in vacuum ion liquid and gaseouse phases for hot-forging dies was introduced, the organic bleed is B(OCH3)3 made by oneself which is non-toxic and non-toxic and non-corrosiveness. The results show that B and Fe2B are found out in both chemical compound layer and diffusion layer, and they are in the statue of high diffusion, the boriding layer improves the properties of the resistance of thermal shock of heavy load, the resistance of themal wearing, and the resistance of thermal fatigue of low-cycle.According to the examination of working life of forge hot shaping for air evacuation valve.


With the increasing availability of micro-computers (with graphics), it is possible to widen the range of topics taught to undergraduate physicists. Such topics need not be very difficult conceptually, for example the three-body gravitational problem. However, if they are nonanalytic their solution requires the power of a computer. Further, if one is not to be overwhelmed with numbers, a graphical display is essential.


Compared with the traditional database technology,For complex object modeling object-oriented database technology capabilities and expression is relatively stronger,and its storage and management capacity is relatively strong,and can complete many of the traditional database technology can not be qualified for work.This paper describes the traditional shortcomings of database technology,and comparative analysis of object-oriented database technology advantages,introduced its related technologies.


Introduction Portugal is one of the European countries showing an increase in mortality and morbidity associated with chronic diseases, presenting one of the highest prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among children. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of thinness, overweight, and obesity as a function of the body mass index (BMI) and fat percentiles in preschool and primary school children in a municipality of the center region of Portugal. Methods A total of 901 children were evaluated between November 2014 and March 2015. Evaluation included weight, height, waist circumference, and body fatness (total and trunk). Nutritional status was classified based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, BMI percentile by age and gender, and the International Obesity TaskForce (IOTF) cutoff values of BMI. Results Of the children evaluated, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cutoff values, 32.3% were overweight or obese, and from those, 16.2% were obese. According to the fat percentile, the prevalence of overweight was 18.0%, corresponding 6.6% to obese children. Total body fat percentage and trunk fat percentage were 23.5% and 17.8%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalences found were quite different depending on the method used. To allow comparisons and more accurately determine prevalence rates of thinness, overweight, and obesity in children, it is necessary to standardize methodologies between studies and between countries.


cis 2,3 Epoxysuccinic acid was synthesized by indirect electrooxidation of maleic anhydride with tungstate/pertungstate as a medium.The optimum reaction conditions were:70 ℃,20 mmol/L Na\-2WO\-4,pH=5,reaction time 90 min and n (H\-2O\-2)∶ n (C\-4H\-2O\-3)=1∶0.9.The epoxidation rate measured by means of HPLC was over 90%.


Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is often difficult to achieve in wines with high acidity, therefore the development of strategies to favour biological deacidification and aroma improvement of low pH wines is important. It was clear from our screening of strains for performing at low pH that it is highly strain specific and that it is directly correlated to cell numbers. Results using a Chardonnay with a pH 3.2 and malic acid level of 4.3 indicated the pairing of yeast and bacterial strains for low pH and high malic conditions is crucial to ensure firstly successful MLF and secondly it also influences the aroma potential of the MLF strains, especially esters even if MLF was partial. Results obtained showed that Oenococcus oeni performed better than Lactobacillus plantarum as they attained there cell numbers at higher levels during the fermentation. The impact of different MLF inoculation strategies with two different O. oeni strains on cool climate Riesling wines (pH 2.9-3.1) and the volatile wine aroma profile was investigated. Treatments with co-inoculation had a reduced total fermentation time compared to the sequential inoculations. Results showed that wines with co-inoculation tended to have higher concentrations of ethyl and acetate esters, including acetic acid phenylethylester, acetic acid 3methylbutylester, butyric acid ethylester, lactic acid ethylester and succinic acid diethylester. In another study using Riesling and Chardonnay simulatin cool and warm climate conditions it was shown that low pH (3.2) and high alcohol (15% v/v) conditions was the most difficult MLF scenario but that even partial MLF under these conditions had an impact on the aroma profile of the final wine, specifically esters. Results also highlighted that certain terpenes was produced at higher levels at pH 3.2 than 3.8.


My contribution enquires into how a woman who is born and raised in a patriarchal society where desire is defined by men can become a desiring person in her own right. My argument is based on two propositions. First, that I am a palimpsest, a text that has been erased and re-inscribed by others; I read their inscriptions and try to discern the traces of what is lost. Secondly, that I can rewrite myself through reading texts of other women's lives; in doing so, I make a looking-glass journey into another world, where desire and the self are different, yet strangely familiar. Through the looking glass, I see myself differently and return to rewrite my self.


In this paper,a wind-based hybrid generation system including fuel cell and supercapacitor in a dc-coupled structure has been studied.Then based on the characteristics of distributed generation,the operation modes of the hybrid system are analyzed,and the corresponding micro power controllers as well as energy management strategy are designed.Wind generator and fuel cell can be operated independently or in conjunction according to the fluctuations of the load and wind generation.Simulation results demonstrate that this hybrid generation system can not only maximize the utilization of wind energy,but also effectively improve the load-following capability.


This article purports that non-referential TA could have come from referential ta. Different dialects seem to prove this point. Two types of construction with non-referential TA_are studied : 1. V+TA+Num+Cl 2. V+TA+GE+SV/SA In Type 1, the constituent "Num+Cl" always refers to a frequency of action. For type 2, it is claimed that the original construction was probably "V+GE+SV/SA" and TA must have been inserted later.


We present in average 17% efficient large area (156×156mm2) n-type boron-free Cz-Si solar cells with rear Al emitter fabricated in an industrial like environment (average Voc=627.7mV, Jsc=34.6mA/cm2, FF=78.1%). The processing sequences were intentionally kept very close to the conventional p-type firing through SiNx process due to a simple transfer to existing p-type production lines. Single processing steps were optimised or slightly adapted to the n-type structure such as FSF formation, edge isolation, paste selection, firing conditions and rear side geometry for cell interconnection. The main advantage of such solar cell structure is that the device is completely boron free and therefore stable in efficiency when exposed to light and in addition show an excellent performance at low light intensity.


1. The name of the product design bags (delicious dips). 2. The design of products for packaging products. 3. The product design points design wherein: a front view. 4. The product design flat products, the other view is omitted. 5. Product design designated the main view after view of the notice of authorization.


Abstract : This research focuses on handling performances of an innovative threewheeled vehicle. A three-wheeled vehicle is a fine synthesis between the maneuverability and compactness of a motorcycle and the stability and loadbearing capacity of a four-wheeled car. Simulation using universal mechanism program in expecting to evaluate the parts of handling with different configuraton from a vehicle to find new handling index, which is also shown the quantity of kynematic and dynamic of the vehicle. Two wheeled vehicle has a nimble maneuver and simple of  imention better than four wheeled vehicle. But its also has weakness in lacking of handling, safetiness and stability, which is not found in four wheeled vehicle. How if the three aspect applied into two wheeled vehicle technology.  The simulation result showed that i.r.c configuration above the ground have roll transfer function value greater than i.r.c configuration on the ground and below the ground at all the speed. So that, it concluded that i.r.c configuration above the ground was easier to be handle. These result was agree with qualitatif test. Most of the test drivers (96,7 %) said that i.r.c configuration above the ground had a little effort to handle than the others configurations. However, 96,7 % of the test drivers said that i.r.c below the ground was more stable. Keywords : Three-wheeled vehicle, Handling index


The invention relates to a continuous preparation method of flame retardant polyether polyol. The method comprises the following steps: (1) respectively preheating a hydroxy compound and a polyether component, and subsequently adding the preheated hydroxy compound and the polyether component into a reaction tower for reaction according to the mass ratio of (10:90)-(50:50), so as to obtain crude grafted flame retardant polyether polyol; (2) spray-drying the obtained crude grafted flame retardant polyether polyol to obtain the flame retardant polyether polyol. The synthesized flame retardant polyether polyol is good in flame retardancy, and the foam oxygen index of polyurethane foam prepared from the flame retardant polyether polyol is greater than or equal to 28% without an additional flame retardant. Through collision reaction in a tower reactor, the production period is shortened to be 1-2 hours, that is, the production period is shortened by about 50% when being compared with that of the conventional interrupted process; a product is highly dispersed, the viscosity is less than or equal to 3500mpa.s (at 25 DEG C), and the product is free of layering after being preserved for more than 1 year, and is good in storage stability.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eMcacy of the i-PAP, an internet-based Physical Activity l'rogram, in promoting physical activity, as well as to assess the effectiyeness of i-PAP functions and e-mail tip sheets in promoting positive attitudes toward regular physical activity. This study was deslgned to test the eencacy of the i-PA[' over a 14-week, in-semester period among 81 college students who had been allocated to an intervention group (n = 52) or a no-intervention group (n = 29), In repeated measures ANOVA, the intervention group exhibited a significant increase in energy expenditure, compared to the no-intervention group, In factor and path analyses, goal-setting and scheduling the latter of which involved the individual setting dates and times for regular physical activity were critical functions in promoting physical activity. The i-PAP showed strong etfectiveness in promoting physical activity, as expected. In particular, goal-setting and scheduling seemed to have positive effbcts on attitudes toward physical aetivity,


ABSTRACT Children's and adolescents' tourist activities and patterns before the late nineteenth century have not garnered much scholarly attention. This study addresses this oversight by focusing on the travel experiences of thirteen, white, middle and upper-middle class, American adolescent girls touring the United States between 1782 and 1834. I trace their visits to two site clusters: battlefields, forts, and cemeteries, and prisons, hospitals and asylums; sites which some scholars term 'dark sites'. Reading their writings, I argue that such sites were viewed as places which exemplified civic sacrifice or benevolence and hence the girls' visits to such sites were part of a shared desire to foster female civic virtue in the new Republic.


Two different preparations of biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), both (MnFe2O4 and Mn0.91Zn0.09Fe2O4) coated with methoxy polyethylene glycol aldehyde (m-PEG-CHO) were prepared through coprecipitation method. The prepared powder was reanalyzed for material structure with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and for particle size using a transition electron microscope (TEM). Magnetic saturation (MS) and coercivity (HC) of the formed particles were examined by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Surface structure of the samples was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Biocompatible ferrofluids were intravenously injected into four rabbits. Then the magnetic resonance (MR) images of brain were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiments before and after intravenous injection of ferrofluids. The MNPs demonstrate super paramagnetic behavior with a spinel structure measuring 30–40 nm in size. Doping of these magnetite nanoparticles with zinc resulted in decreases in crystallite size from 24.23 nm to 21.15 nm, the lattice parameter from 8.45 A to 8.43 A and the coercivity from 41.20 Oe to 13.07 Oe. On the other hand, saturation magnetization increased from 50.12 emu/g to 57.36 emu/g following zinc doping. Image exposure analysis revealed that the reduction of MR signal intensity for zinc-doped magnetite nanoparticles was more than nondoped nanoparticles (shorter T2 relaxation time) thereby making the images darker.


The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrative framework to explore the nature of knowledge transactions in firms. We adopt a resource-based perspective of firms and a transactional perspective assuming that firms have incentives for knowledge sharing so they can be competitive, and assuming that firm members are economic players who seek utility maximization. Through a review of the literature, the theoretical nature of firms that hold advantages over the market are explored. To fill the gap of the economics model in explaining the motivation of knowledge sharing, we examine the social exchange theory and find that social rewards as well as financial rewards facilitate knowledge transactions. The model also reveals that the pattern of knowledge transactions varies depending on the nature of the knowledge traded. In case of general knowledge, conceptual knowledge requires formal and structured training, while tacit knowledge requires competitive financial compensation. In case of firm-specific knowledge, the strategy for tacit knowledge should be based on social capital development, while conceptual knowledge should be dealt with compensation for performance and internal recognition. Based on a classification of knowledge, the best strategies for managing a transaction of each type of knowledge are discussed and suggested.


The effect of surface load on the treatment of polluted river water by the MSL system was observed.The results of four months of operation indicated that the removal efficiencies of COD,TN,NH3-N and TP were effectively improved by reducing the surface load and extending HRT.Under the surface load of 800 L/(m2·d),the effluent concentrations of COD,NH3-N and TP met the class Ⅳ criteria in the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).The sequence of factors affected by surface load in order was NH3-N TP COD TN.With a comprehensive consideration of the removal efficiency of pollutants,load reduction and economic effect,the most appropriate surface load of the MSL was suggested as 1 000 to 1 500 L/(m2·d).


Water scarcity has increased the necessity for water re-use, utilization of poor quality water, and operating systems at higher cycles of concentration (COC). High silica content make-up water is a major obstacle to cost-effective treatment programs for system operating at higher COC. The approach most often used for silica limited cooling systems involves using a base treatment program with an overlay or supplemental treatment such as high concentrations of polymer(s) in combination with phosphonate(s) to control silica at concentrations approaching 300 mg/L. However, this approach leads to very expensive treatments. This study presents a novel treatment program that incorporates a very efficient silica polymerization inhibitor in combination with current corrosion control technology. This study compares the performance of a novel treatment program with two alternatives and discusses their relative cost effectiveness.


In order to deal with the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy sources and loads such as wind and solar in the microgrid system, microgrids have begun to access diversified flexible resources, and how to coordinate flexible resources also brings new opportunities to the optimization and dispatch of microgrids. challenge. Based on this, this paper first studies the multi-energy coordination and complementarity characteristics of various flexible resources on the source network and load side, and analyzes the demand-side and supply-side flexible resource models from the perspective of supply and demand balance. Secondly, considering factors such as the uncertainty of load and wind and solar output, establish a microgrid day-ahead optimal scheduling model with the lowest loss of load rate, optimal user cost and operating cost as the goal, taking into account reliability and economy, and apply the improved MOEA /D algorithm solves, and obtains the Pareto optimal solution set of the day-ahead scheduling plan. Finally, the simulation results of an example verify the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization method proposed in this paper.


Conducting a personnel assessment using the competencies acquired in recent months allows you to obtain information about the company's needs for personnel of a certain qualification, the level of labor potential, the psychological portrait of employees, with their advantages and professional gaps, motivational needs. It was determined that the modern operating conditions of domestic enterprises require the use of new methods of communication with employees, which are formed as a result of experienced events in the conditions of martial law. Certain measures have been taken to counter these events, which will allow to reshape the company's personnel management and adjust its evaluation methods. It is proposed to apply to managers and management of modern enterprises the use of new competencies acquired by personnel under martial law. A methodology for assessing the personnel of enterprises has been developed based on a competency-based approach using various competency systems for managers and specialists of enterprises.


With the development of artificial intelligence technology and the promotion and application of industrial robots, it has had a profound impact on economic behavior and reform, as well as on the job market. As an important part of the labor market, the impact of AI and industrial robots on the employment situation of college students is also a topic worth studying. This paper investigates the impact that AI and industrial robots will have on the overall employment number as well as the employment number of college students through the data of the employment market in 30 Chinese provinces from 2015 to 2019 with the OLS and fixed effect model. The empirical research results prove that the development of AI technology and the promotion and application of industrial robots will have the impact of the promotion effect on the overall employment number as well as the employment number of college students.


For pt. I see ibid., vol. 5, 1183 (1972). The general selfconsistent method derived in pt. I is used in a description of the extended states of an electron in a disordered system. The properties of the localized and extended states near the transition energy are compared, and the continuity of the relation between E and k, (E approximately k53/), is shown across the mobility edge.


Background People with fibromyalgia identify fatigue as one of the main symptoms of the disease [1]. It is hypothesised that the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia involves a genetic susceptibility that is modulated by environmental factors [2] Objectives To examine the possible role of genetic susceptibility for fatigue in southern Spanish women with fibromyalgia, by looking at the possible associations of fatigue and single nucleotide polymorphisms in 34 fibromyalgia candidate-genes, at the interactions between genes, and at the associations between gene-physical activity. Methods In this cross-sectional study participated 276 women with fibromyalgia. We extracted DNA from saliva in order to analyse gene-polymorphisms related to fibromyalgia susceptibility, symptoms, or potential mechanisms. Accelerometers registered the participants' physical activity and sedentary time. Five dimensions of fatigue were assessed with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory. Age, body fat (%), and analgesics and antidepressants consumption were considered as confounders in all analyses. Based on the Bonferroni's and False Discovery Rate (FDR) values, the statistical significance was interpreted. Results AT carriers of the rs4453709 polymorphism (sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha, SCN9A, gene) showed the highest scores on fatigue. Carriers of the heterozygous genotype of the rs1801133 (methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR, gene) or rs4597545 (SCN9A gene) polymorphisms who were physically active reported lower fatigue compared to their inactive counterparts. Highly sedentary carriers of the homozygous genotype of the rs7607967 polymorphism (AA/GG genotype; SCN9A gene) presented higher fatigue than those with lower levels of sedentary time. Conclusion Physical (in)activity behaviours and the SCN9A and MTHFR genes were jointly related to fatigue. Thereby, the potential benefits of following an active lifestyle might be observed more clearly in women with fibromyalgia genetically predispose to higher levels of fatigue. References [1] Bennett RM, et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010;11:134. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-134 [2] McBeth J, Mulvey MR. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2012;8:108–16. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2011.216 Acknowledgement This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [I+D+i DEP2010-15639, I+D+i DEP2013-40908-R to M.D.-F.; BES-2014-067612 to F.E.-L.]; the Spanish Ministry of Education [FPU13/03410 to D.S.-T.; FPU 15/00002 to B.G.C]; the Consejería de Turismo, Comercio y Deporte, Junta de Andalucía [CTCD-201000019242-TRA to MD-F]; and the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES). Disclosure of Interests None declared