One kind of motive power wind-air deflector, comprising a base, shaft, impeller, poly hood, rudder, and power output wheel, the wheel is mounted around the circumferential surface of the annular flow profile frame outside the impeller , the center of the cover guide frame rotatably connected with said spindle, at the center of a cover guide frame rotatable base; said hood has two polyethylene are respectively connected to the guide frame two right and left outer side, and two wings extending to the rear; front-rear direction along the rudder, the upper end of its front end by a horizontally disposed hinge pin and the hinge bracket guide. The present invention is set to a number of advantages, as large as possible to collect wind to guide the wind flow configuration tornado type rotary wind flow, the rotor blades in the continuous acceleration force 360, the normal power level at 2 ~ 3 of the wind, wind speed can be controlled stably, can be turned 180 degrees rudder can resist typhoon, safe and reliable. The large-diameter flywheel cushion shocks gust, the impeller steady operation.


There are a number of well documented test methods to measure the noise attenuation values of hearing protection devices (HPD). In this paper, three standardized test methods—Real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT), Microphone in real ear (MIRE), and Acoustical test fixture (ATF) were briefly introduced. The advantage and disadvantage of these three test methods on being used in hearing protector attenuation measurement were discussed in this paper. REAT method has been shown to be the most accurate method at estimate the performance of hearing protectors, and has been thoroughly standardized around the world.


Field experiments were carried-out at three locations in Denmark (i.e. Flakkebjerg, Sunds and Billund) in order to evaluate different spray strategies to control potato early blight. The treatments evaluated in the experiments were: (1) untreated, (2) a standard application in which fungicide application started at row closure, (3) starting fungicide application at the onset of first symptoms (First Symptoms), (4) starting fungicide application at 14 days after onset of first symptoms (Late Application), (5) fungicide application according to the maturity of the potato (Maturity-Based Model), (6) Modified TOMCAST, in which first spray was done at 330 physiologic days (Pdays) and subsequent spray was done according TOMCAST Disease Severity Value (DSV) threshold, and (7) TOMCAST + Maturity-based model, in which we combined the TOMCAST DSV and Maturity-Based Model. In general, our results showed that starting spraying from onset of symptoms could provide sufficient early blight control comparable to standard practice without any yield penalties. Starting application of fungicide later in the season resulted in lower disease control. The Modified-TOMCAST, Maturity-Based Model and TOMCAST + Maturity-based models controlled early blight effectively in all the experimental locations. In general, our results showed that low area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values were associated with the fungicide treatments compared to the untreated. However, fungicide applications which started at 14 days after first symptoms resulted in lower disease control compared to the standard and other fungicide treatments. Starting application at the onset of symptoms resulted in low AUDPC blight control comparable to the standard treatment. The decision support models showed a potential for optimizing the control of early blight by better targeting fungicide applications.


This paper presents an overview of the hybrid heterointegration approach for flexible electronic foil systems so-called "Polytronics or Smart Plastics". Core of the process is a hybrid approach based on most-polymer materials and partially-(im-)printed technologies to reach reasonable performance of systems. Moreover this approach enables the possibility to process directly on functional flexible foil substrates and to enable large area electronics. INTRODUCTION Multi-functional, so-called 'Smart Plastic' is considered as a second revolution after the broad industrial introduction of plastics (synthetic material) some decades ago, connecting very high innovation potential with a broad commercial relevance for a multitude of applications. At present, Polytronics summarizes development, system integration and application of active and passive electronic and photonic components, based on organic materials. The aspect of energy-autarkic systems in terms of energy storage as well as power generation and supply for flexible systems and furthermore mechanics and microfluidics is a further important aspect. A unique characteristic of polytronic systems is the potentiality of combining different functions in a single component, respectively in film based systems, consequently enabling multi-functional micro-system components in many areas of the daily life. This characteristic is considered as a future system integration platform beneath wafer-level and board-level integration. The most important objectives of polytronic systems in the upcoming years are: good value electronics, displays and solar cells; the combination of different functions in plastics and foil substrates and plastic-MEMS – towards competitive value micro-systems. Facing the challenge of large area electronics consequently requests to bring together different aspects of the broad spectrum of different favorite technologies. Systems, which distribute electronic, optical, sensor or actor functions over a large area, are used to form an interface between humans, objects and their surrounding, because they bridge the gap between the macroscopic world and the microscopic features of electronics. Today such systems are fabricated with different levels of electronic packaging, but to achieve more inexpensive products, a direct integration by coating and patterning steps on large substrates will be an appropriate and necessary way to fabricate such systems. Therefore large area electronics enables smart devices and systems at very low costs and aims at the research and development of appropriate manufacturing technologies preferable additive processes which will be in-line compatible and applicable to high volume production. THE AIM OF HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS INTEGRATION To strengthen this novel system integration with optimized cost-value ratio, a high scientific and technological competence must be complemented by broad multidisciplinary and integration of various companies and institutions in the value chain, due to the very complex domain with novel materials, technologies, processes, applications and scenarios. A necessary progress in polymer electronic products is the integration of different organic materials and components in a multi-functional electronic system. Especially by integration of various technologies in 'Smart Plastic' novel applications are conceivable, so far not possible by established technologies. Technology experts unanimously predict a vast new business area. However it seems that the progress is not as fast as predicted if the last years are monitored carefully regarding promised results and announced products against published peer reviewed results and products on the market. Great potential for innovation is seen in the area of multi-functional components, OLED and polymeric solar cells in combination with energy-autarkic (mobile) flexible electronics, especially polymer electronics but also other flexible electronic technologies based on nano-filled pastes or even inorganic semiconductor materials made available on flexible substrates. The vision of smart plastic is supported by the possibility of end-user defined specifications and production at their own fabrication environment, using in-line capable and mainly additive processing of large area and low-cost systems. This means OEM foil substrates with integrated functions can be combined and customized in some final technology steps in order to serve a certain application. Polytronics facilitates for example the combination of a display with a sensor keyboard and solar cells for power management with conventional flexible silicon circuits, resulting in an efficient computer on film in a few years to start with it will be rather a Smart Card or a simple PDA, followed by an electronic newspaper next. Intelligent sensor surfaces are a key functionality for ambient intelligence and therefore are representative example for hetero-integration of large area systems valid for many application areas and the technology can be applied in a wide spectrum for possible products Another application aims to a combination of electronics, sensors and actuators as well as the use of micro-fluidic and optic components in a polymeric substrate. For the first time, micro-integrated in the future followed by even nanoCS MANTECH Conference, April 14-17, 2008, Chicago, Illinois, USA integrated medical devices for bio-analysis and so-called personalized medicine, allow an individual therapy due to a genetic analysis and the detection of individual medical properties (bacteria, viruses, antibodies, toxins) of a patient. Complex, but cost-efficient plastic systems for bio-analysis and therapy (dosage of medicine, drug delivery) will be realized as well. On silicon basis, such lab on chip are but realized on a much higher cost level, however, the biocompatibility of silicon technology is questionable which would not arise using bio-compatible plastics in the case of a lab on a (plastic) foil. At present, bio-analytical and nanomedical applications come to the foreground concerning applied research. Some examples are complex lab-on-chip systems for detection of viruses, bacteria and toxins, as well as the direct coupling of cells for the electrical and optical analyses of cell functions, as well as the direct and indirect signal interface (man-machine interface) to be realized in the upcoming years. Driving forces for polytronic system applications are low-cost electronics, networking as well as ubiquitous systems (ambient intelligence) and life sciences. The development time towards further application orientated polymer electronics are some estimated 3 to 5 years. Some spin-off companies want to achieve first basic applications within this year (2008). Partners for implementations come from media, paper products, printing, mechanical engineering, safety engineering and secure documents, electronics and logistics, medicine and life sciences, biotechnology, consumer electronics, toys as well as information and communication technology. HYBRID FABRICATION PROCESSES ON FOILS SUBSTRATES From 2001 on Fraunhofer IZM developed organic semiconductor based hybrid fabrication technologies in order to integrate successfully an in-line manufacturing process for polymer electronics enabled also for fast sheet or a roll-to-roll mass fabrication environment [1-5]. The process starts from PET-foil with a typically 200-500nm thin sputtered copper layer, which is fine-structured by photolithography and wet etching to create the source-drainlayer for the polymer electronic circuits. As switching speed of a transistor is inversely proportional to transistor length squared, metal as source and drain electrodes has been preferred because its minimum feature size is clearly below that achievable at present with polymers and printing technologies [2]. Often, metallised foils are used to create micro-structured electrical leads. A dry resist of 15 μm thickness (Dupont MX 5015) is laminated directly onto the foil substrate. Lamination takes place roll-to-roll at temperatures between 80 and 120C, UV-exposure takes place in a roll-fitted mask aligner. The exposed resist is developed moving continuously through a roll-to-roll developing unit and subsequently transferred to an etching unit. Lateral resolution is limited in photolithography by the thickness of the photo-resist. When using 15 μm thick dry resist, the yield of the patterned structures decreases considerable for feature sizes below 10 – 15 μm. Interdigital photo-lithographically structured and wet etched Cu drain source electrodes on 50 μm polyimide foil. Cu film thickness is 500 nm, feature sizes of below 15 μm have been achieved. Work currently in progress aims to achieve large area homogeneous resist coatings in the order of 5 μm thickness by a roll-to-roll doctor-blade process in order to shrink the feature size of OFET transistors to lower than 10μm respectively. Next, the polymer semiconductor and a polymer dielectric are homogeneously coated onto the substrate via a doctor-blade process. The polymer dielectric serves as the gate dielectric of the transistors. Here, careful selection of the solvents for the different polymers plays a crucial role, as dissolution of a lower layer of polymer during coating of an upper layer from solution must be avoided. For the transistor gates two processes are evaluated at present, a screen printed process based on conducting polymer pastes and a shadow mask metal evaporation process. The gate process is followed by another screen print of the interlayer dielectric, which serves as electrical insulation between transistor and upper interconnect layer. Before this wiring plane is created by a third screen printing step, through-contacts are opened through the inter-layer dielectric, the gate dielectric and the semiconductor, to allow electrical connection of the upper interconnect/gate layer to the source-drain structures. The creat


3GPP 43.318 specifies the generic access network (GAN) for interworking between wireless local area network (WLAN) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) core network. A dual-mode mobile station (MS) is equipped with two communication modules to support both WLAN and UMTS radio technologies, which shortens the battery lifetime of the MS. This paper proposes an analytical model and conducts simulation experiments to study the power consumption of dual-mode MSs in terms of the power consumption indicator and mean packet waiting time. Our study provides guidelines for designing WLAN-UMTS dual-mode MSs.


Adjustment-free clock and data recovery for 2.488-Gbit/s SONET applications is provided by a 1.77W, 3.45 3.45-mm 2 chip implemented in a 25-GHz f T silicon bipolar process. The chip has an on-chip VCO and operates from 2 to 3 Gbits/s over process, voltage, and temperature variations with a single off-chip filter capacitor. For network monitoring, a highly reliable loss-of-signal detector is provided. For good mechanical, thermal, and RF performance, a custom package was developed using HP's fine-line hybrid process. SONET 2.488-Gbit/s transmission and switching systems, network backbones , and video transmission are among the many applications benefiting from inexpensive and robust clock and data recovery circuits. Clock and data recovery circuits are used in high-speed communications systems, typically long-span, single-mode fiber-optic links. Their job is to regenerate clean clock and data signals from arbitrary scrambled data inputs that have been corrupted by jitter and intersymbol interference. To provide highly reliable clock and data recovery for 2.488-Gbit/s SONET data transmission, the HP CDR 2500 clock and data recovery circuit has been developed. Previous commercial solutions for this application have required multiple chips and GaAs processes. 1 The CDR 2500 was designed in HP's 25-GHz f T silicon bipolar process, 2 and incorporates several new circuit ideas developed at HP Laboratories, namely an arbitrary-data phase detector, a reliable loss-of-lock detector, and a monolithic wide-range VCO circuit. Building on techniques developed for the HP G-Link data communications chipset, 3 the CDR 2500 has been optimized for telecommunications needs. The major differences between these two applications are how the data is coded for


 Ways to critique societal/media portrayal of 'maleness' and 'femaleness.'  An understanding of the nature and purpose of sexual attraction and sexual feelings as viewed by society and the Church  The implications of sexual activity  The legal and faith responses to adolescent issues of sexuality  Awareness of different forms of contraception and the Catholic Church's teaching  Access to information about sexually transmitted infections. MADE IN THE IMAGE OF GOD Human Sexuality Program for SA Catholic Schools


Civic education for college student is to meet the needs of social development and the students' development characteristics.Therefore,colleges and universities should attach great importance to and conscientiously study college students civic education in colleges and universities,improve the scientific nature of civic education;people-oriented,lay stress on the subject and pertinence of civic education;build the rich and colorful carrier of civic education,diversity of citizenship education form;build quality excellent teachers,improve the effectiveness of the civic education,to cultivate the college students in our country good citizens who conform to the national and social development.


The control and protective switching device(CPS) with the functions of RS-485 integrated standard bus,Modbus and Profibus was designed.Through the fieldbus technology,the function of communication could be achieved.Because of the integrated design of fieldbus,CPS could be applied to more industrial occasions.It was more flexible and could reliably communicate with multiple devices.The communication speed between CPS and PC was enhanced,so it was suitable for the situation of exchanging large amounts of data with other related devices.The realtime monitoring of multiple motors' operation status was implementated.Therefore,the protection parameters and alarm function could be set online,which made the application of CPS with the function of remote monitoring more extensive.


To achieve the aim of this study, 9 different types of samples were made to examine mechanical property according to structured pattern and type of Machi of pullover armhole of WholeGarment(seamless knitwear). With respect to samples, from which comparisons are made and anaylzed among basic characteristics of material, tensile strength & elongation and residual elongation due to repeated extension of armhole connecting part, the following conclusions could be obtained. It`s revealed that the tensile strength of Machi part as being armhole connecting part of samples is more affected by Machi type than pattern structure. Of Machi types, it showed stronger tensile strength in the order of Normal(Normal Machi)


> DAVIS, CALIFORNIA—From 13 to 16 September, researchers from many disciplines discussed sports from curling to skydiving, from table tennis to boxing, at the 5th International Conference on Engineering of Sport.

For decades, competitive freestyle swimmers have been taught to make an S-shaped path when pulling their hands through the water. But measurements and calculations now show that to generate the maximum thrust, swimmers should pull their hands straight back through the water, reports a mechanical engineer whose research was inspired by his previous study of turtles.

Swimmers have been purposely doing the "S-pull" since the early 1970s, when famed swimming coach James ("Doc") Counsilman used underwater cameras to film elite swimmers and found that they were moving their hand first out to the side and then back under their bodies. By moving side to side, hands acted like little airplane wings or propeller blades, Counsilman argued, generating hydrodynamic lift that pulled the swimmer through the water. That lift would supplement the force generated by simply pushing against the water with the palms. In recent years, researchers have questioned just how large and important the lift forces are, but the S-pull has remained a standard technique among competitive swimmers.

However, the S-pull may not be the best pull for all races and circumstances, says Shinichiro Ito of Japan's National Defense Academy in Yokosuka. Using measurements of the lift and drag coefficients of manikin hands and a computer model of a swimmer, he found that the S-pull makes the most efficient use of energy, as it maximizes the ratio of lift to drag. It does not, however, generate the most thrust. Instead, Ito found, a straight "I-pull" yields more pure power.

![Figure][1]

Thorpedo away!
Olympic champion Ian Thorpe pulls his hands straight through the water.

CREDIT: ASSOCIATED PRESS

Ito had already observed something similar in his study of freshwater turtles. When paddling about leisurely, turtles wave their feet in flourishes, doing a reptilian version of the S-pull. When frightened, however, terrified terrapins pull their feet straight back to swim away as fast as possible. Analysis showed that for turtles, the sinuous movement was more efficient, Ito says, but the straight movement produced greater thrust.

Other familiar creatures also provide living examples of the advantages of the I-pull. Underwater video shows that Australian swimming sensation Ian Thorpe snaps his elbow and pulls his hand straight through the water, Ito says. Other swimmers are following the nine-time Olympic medalist's lead, says Yuji Ohgi, a professor of physical education at Keio University in Fujisawa, Japan. "At the Sydney Olympics [in 2000], only Ian Thorpe had the I-shaped pull," he says. But now, "many, many Australian swimmers do it."

Switching from S-pull to I-pull isn't easy, says Ohgi, who is also a swimmer. Good swimmers generate power by rolling from one side of their bodies to the other, he says, and that makes their hands move side to side almost automatically. "The I-shaped pull is rather more difficult than the S-shaped pull because of the rolling motion" of the body, Ohgi says. Still, to shave every fraction of a second from their times, more swimmers are tackling the challenging technique and learning to swim like a frightened turtle.

 [1]: pending:yes


With the increasing demand for business English there is need for a course like this on which teachers can rely for all the material likely to be needed. Most teachers who have been trained to teach general English are daunted by the thought of transferring to business English, so anything that will assist them to make the transition is very welcome. However, in meeting this obvious need in a very thorough and comprehensive way, I feel the authors have produced a textbook almost as daunting as the transition itself. In Student's Book, Teacher's Book and Workbook I estimate some 300,000 words have been deployed so that the mere effort of finding out what the course contains and how it should be used requires considerable concentration and dedication on the part of the teacher.


With the outbreak of the global financial crisis,China′s inbound tourism is facing unprecedented challenges,so its structure need readjust.China′s inbound tourism markets contain Asia-Pacific region,Europe,United States and other regions.Tourists coming to china are mainly for the business and leisure.These areas are influenced seriously by the global financial crisis.For financial crisis China should convert the crisis into opportunity so that inbound tourism can develop quickly and continuingly.China need adopt a series of measures to improve inbound tourism market structure,such as implementing financial supervision and international collaboration,expanding new markets out of tradition,developing variety market strategies,equalizing the flows of tourists,optimizing the product′s structure and making consumption pattern reasonable,so that China′s inbound tourism can become bigger and stronger.


[Objective] To investigate the clinical effect of hysteroscopic electrocision of endometrial polyps combined with Gestrinone in the prophylaxis of recurrence of endometrial polyps. [Methods] 97 patients diagnosed as endometrial polyps by hysteroscopy were randomly divided into two groups, 52 cases in the observation group were treated by hysteroscopic electrocision combined with Gestrinone, 45 cases in the control group were given nothing after hysteroscopic electroresection of endometrial polyps.Menstrual period, endometrial thickness, the recurrence conditions of endometrial polyps between the two groups were observed after a 3-years follow-up. [Results] Menstrual period in the observation group were shorter and endometial thickness in the observer group were smaller than those in control group during follow-up (P 0.05). In the observer group,there were 3 cases (5.8%)of recurrence, in the control group,there were 11 cases (24.4%) of recurrence.The recurrence in the observation group were less than that in control group (χ2=6.31, P 0.05). [Conclusion] The treatment of hysteroscopic electrocision of endometrial polyps combined with Gestrinone is helpful to prevent the recurrence of endometrial polyps, and Gestrinone is simple and little side-effect.


In this study, In-vitro Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Withania somnifera (WS) and Aloe vera (AV) extract were evaluated in series of in vitro assays. Anti-oxidants are vital substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damage caused by free radical induced oxidative stress. In this present study we investigated anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Withania somnifera and Aloe vera by Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Hydrogen peroxide-scavenging assay, Super oxide scavenging activity, Reducing power, Chelating capacity, Total antioxidant activity. The results showed that both the plant possesses excellent anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging activity. Screening of both the plant at different doses (100, 150 and 200 μg/ml) help to reveal the potential of individual plants. Withania somnifera shown better hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, reducing power and superoxide radical scavenging activity compare to Aloe vera. While Aloe vera possesses better chelating power then Withania somnifera. Both the plant possesses almost equivalent hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity while the total antioxidant capacity was found much better in Withania somnifera as compare to Aloe vera. The antioxidant activity of both the plant might be attributed to its polyphenolic content and other phytochemicals constituents. The findings of the present study suggest that all extracts could be a potential source of natural antioxidant that could have great importance as therapeutic agents.


Does price competition become more intense as the number of firms increases? We reconsider the remarkable result found in the Varian-type complete-information model: new entry leads to less competitive pricing. Using an incomplete-information game in which the support of possible cost types of firms may be large, we show that an increase in the number of firms induces lower (higher) prices for lower-cost (higher-cost) firms. We also characterize the pricing distribution as the number of firms approaches infinity, finding that the equilibrium pricing function converges to the monopoly pricing function for all but the lowest cost type. If demand is inelastic, an increase in the number of firms raises welfare. If in addition the distribution of types is log concave, then an increase in the number of firms raises aggregate consumer surplus and lowers producer surplus. As we illustrate with numerical examples, though, in some settings an increase in the number of firms can lower surplus for uninformed consumers. Finally, we confirm that the preceding complete-information analysis holds in the limit when the support of possible cost types approaches zero.


With increasing amounts of experimental data, openness, fairness, and reproducibility of scientific experimental work have become important factors for researchers, journals and funding bodies. However, these kinds of challenges are not easily and directly achievable. The goal of this paper is to contribute to these efforts by introducing advances in building more mature lifecycle of electroencephalography/event-related potential data. The progressive data standardization initiatives, data formats, and trends in using machine and deep learning methods for processing of domain data are described and discussed. An open processing workflow based on the analysis of current software tools for preprocessing, processing and classification of electroencephalography/event-related potential data is proposed, implemented and verified on a publicly


AbstractIn 1978 the relative tranquility of the therapeutic approach to osteosarcoma was shattered when data from the Mayo Clinic questioned the validity of the historical control results of approximately 20% survival in patients with osteosarcoma treated with surgery alone (1,2). They demonstrated an increase in disease-free survival from 20 % to 40 % at the Mayo Clinic in patients treated with various methods of surgical ablation of the primary osteosarcoma during a 15-year period; and this compared favorably with their results with adjuvant chemotherapy. This finding led them to mount a randomized study of surgical ablation alone (18 patients) versus surgery and chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and vincristine (20 patients) (3). The results of this small randomized trial substantiated their nonrandomized observations; 42% of patients in both arms remained continuously disease free at 5 years. An additional 20% of patients with recurrent disease were salvaged after aggressive resection of pulmon...


The possible extent of the material liability from the construction and operation of reactor plants is discussed, and the limits of private insurance protection are shown. From these considerations the necessities, type, and scope of a partial federal risk insurance are given. The considerations culminate in the drafting of an international agreement on the control of atomic liability and the covering of atomic risks. (tr-auth)


Based on fractional-order controlled system it introduces the fractional-order PIλDμ controller.This controller expands the orders of integrator and differentiator of classical integer-order PID controller into fractional order,so it has two more parameters μ and λ.Compared with integer-order PID controller,fractional-order PIλDμ controller can be flexibly designed but the design process will be more difficult.Based on poles-orders searching method,it proposes an improved method to design fractional-order PIλDμ controller.The fundamental principle of the method is as follows:estimates proportional parameter KP,searches a pair of poles in order to get better system time domain performance,determines the better μ,λ parameters KI and KD according to performance requirements in time domain,designs a appropriate fractional-order PIλDμ controller.Compared with poles-orders searching method,the simulation verifies that the designed controller can adjust the control system better,the system response can meet higher time domain performance and attain better dynamic and static performance.


Objective To evaluate the effects of intra-aortic balloon pumping(IABP) on plasma brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) level and left ventricular remodeling function in patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A total of 28 AMI patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon after primary PCI between January 2008 and September 2010 were enrolled,and randomly divided into the IABP treatment group or control group.Electrocardiogram was measured 1 hour after PCI in each patient.Plasma levels of BNP were detected before PCI,24 hours and 1 week after PCI.Echocardiography was measured 10 days,3 months and 6 months after PCI.Results In the IABP group,61% subjects showed ST segment resolution ≥50% 1 hour after PCI,while 28.1% in the control group.Plasma BNP before PCI between 2 groups was comparable.In the IABP group,plasma BNP level was decreased from 24 hours after PCI when compared with the control group((278.4±92.7)ng/L vs.(365.1±121.6)ng/L).Future reduced plasma BNP level was observed in the IABP group 1 week after PCI compared with the control group((203.8±64.7)ng/L vs.(295.7±65.8)ng/L,P0.05).The LVEF in the IABP group compared to the control after 3 months and 6 months were 55.19% vs 53.21% and 59.24% vs 52.38% respectively(P=0.0075).Conclusion Application of intra-aortic balloon pumping after primary PCI could significantly reduce plasma BNP,with improvement of cardiac function in patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon.


Needle-like nickel powder with high aspect ratio was synthesized by the thermal decomposition of the precursors consisting of nickel ammine oxalate precipitated from aqueous solution. Nickel precursors of c.a. 1 μm in length and 50 nm in width were obtained by falling two solutions in drops simultaneously into distilled water at pH 9.5. One is a solution containing nickel chloride hexahydrate and ammonia, and the other is a sodium oxalate solution. The morphology of particles changed from granular to needle-like with the increase in pH. Large and size-dispersed needle-like particles were obtained at 363 K. The shape of metallic nickel particles changed from needle-like at 613 K to chain-like at 673 K depending on the heating treatment temperature of nickel precursors.


The symposium's goal is to present recent advances in mathematical research of non-linear PDE and their immediate or long-term applications to the diverse engineering fields, as well as biology and medicine.


urrently,newspaper is facing a very embarrassing situation.The position is there,but the audience is losing greatly.Correspondingly,the development of the newspaper column of commentary on current events is covered with more thorns.How to let the newspaper column of commentary on current events reappearance the vitality?The paper thought that we should make great changes in two aspects.First,the inherent potential of the dilemmas of the newspaper column of commentary on current events should be strengthened and expanded.Second,the external newspaper column of commentary on current events should be built to adapt the new countermeasures of the media melting development in the new normal.


Mn-Zn ferrite prepared by wet methods show high reactivity : pressed samples reach almost theoretical density at temperatures lower than those usually required for sintering powders prepared by common ceramic techniques. They also show a largely different cation site occupancy which evolves with temperature approaching that of ceramic ferrites. Mossbauer spectra on MnFe2O4 also prepared by wet methods confirm such evolution which causes the magnetic moment at 0 K to shift from 4.11 to 4.60 µB as the temperature increases from 25 to 1 350 °C. The temperature dependence of magnetization with increasing Zn content for as prepared samples varies in a different way from that of samples annealed at 1 350 °C and quenched in water. The values of magnetic moments lower than those expected by the normal Neel theory of ferrimagnetism are explained rather well by a certain phenomenological evidence of a Yafet-Kittel effect.


The aim of this study was to define normative values of skin temperature and thermal sensory threshold in the pudendal nerve territory.


Uptake of low and zero emission energy technologies are expected to accelerate as many nations begin to transition away from traditional fossil fuel based power generation systems. Key renewable resources, including solar and wind energy, are inherently variable and require careful management for effective use and grid integration. These technologies are generally dependent on effective energy storage, including electrochemical storage using devices such as batteries. Electrification of transport and exponential growth in personal electronic devices also mean cheap, reliable and, preferably, low emission electrical energy storage options are essential in order to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions arising from future energy use. Carbon is a crucial component in electrical energy storage devices as an electrode material and it is used in its various forms in both batteries and in supercapacitors. Currently, this material is sourced through non-renewable and high energy intensive (T>1500degC) processing pathways. For example, in Lithium-ion batteries graphitic carbon is required which is either mined, or generated using high temperature processing. Supercapacitors use activated carbon which can be produced using biomassderived renewable sources, however also use an energy intensive process for production. The production of carbon using integration with renewable energy inputs for application to energy storage devices will be discussed here. The electrochemical properties of carbon required for different storage arrangements will be outlined and best performing materials discussed. New technologies which integrate with concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) for carbon manufacturing will be outlined including biomass derived carbon and an innovative new system for drawing gaseous carbon dioxide down in to a solid carbon product. The emergence of sodium-ion batteries will also be discussed as a green and more sustainable alternative for future energy storage solutions.


The management of knowledge in projects delivers benefits, while the im-plementation of knowledge management is challenged by (project-specific) issues. Based on practice in interorganizational, cross-border projects funded by the Interreg South Baltic Programme (SBP), this paper analyses the potential value and hindrances of knowledge management in projects funded within Interreg programs. The SBP mentions repeatedly "Transfer of knowledge and exchange of good practices" as an example activity in the program manual (Interreg South Baltic Programme 2016b, pp. 13, 25, 34, 38), however, dedicated knowledge management processes, tools or plans are not part of the com-pulsory application for funding nor its assessment. Knowledge management (KM) can provide value at different levels: to individuals, project partner organisations, the entire programme and even cross-programme as well as other project stakeholders. While KM can support strategy towards building competitive advantage in the programme region, KM processes can enhance the efficiency of project implementation. Worth noting is the impact of KM on individual motivation both for joining a project and for contributing to knowledge exchange. [...]


Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the most advanced technologies in present world serving miniature applications to major application in every field. Fault in WSN is common problem that has been missed out by most of the researchers. Near fact from faults would be, reduction in performance in terms of throughput received at the destination would not only be because of various network losses but also depends on how active the node is through which the data is sent, we try to identify such nodes with fault tolerance through our proposed scheme. The proposed work considers faults of WSN with node failure, sink failure, route failure as the issues to be discussed with objective to eliminate fault nodes then followed by routing. The simulation result shows the identification of failed nodes when network scenario is held for simulation with routing of packets between source and destination with and without failure of network. However base of the work is to identify failed nodes in network and to recover the route.


Aspect of the present disclosure describes a system and method for calibrating a metrology tool by using the proportional factors. Proportional factor may be obtained by measuring a substrate under different measurement conditions. Then, the measured metrology value and at least one quality of merit are calculated. From this information, the proportionality factor can be determined. Then, the proportional factor may be used to quantify the inaccuracy in the metrology measurements. Proportional factor may also be also used to determine the optimized measurement recipe. This summary is emphasized that it is provided in accordance with the rule requiring a summary that allows a searcher or other reader to quickly see the topic of water technical disclosure. It is possible to understand that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.


We modeled a pyroelectric sensor by a current source connected in parallel with output impedance. The dynamic behavior of the sensor is described using a transfer function designed using the MATLAB Simulink environment. The transfer function parameters are optimized using the optimization algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization PSO implemented in the MATLAB environment. This optimization is performed from a comparison with the measured signal. The transfer function thus determined is used to determine the dynamic properties of a pyroelectric sensor. To justify the validity of the proposed approach, we used pyroelectric sensor based on PVDF.


Today customers voice attitudes, opinions and their experience about some brands, companies, products or services through center calls, web reviews or SNS and analyzing them is an important task. On the other hand, customer loyalty has long been a topic of high interest in both academia and industry. Therefore, it is attractive to consider exploiting customer loyalty information by analyzing the voice of customer. However, although many previous studies focused on analyzing attitudes, opinions, sentiments of the text data, no work has been conducted from the perspective of customer loyalty, which is reflected by a combination of customer attitudes and behavior. In this work, we present JCLIC, Japanese Customer Loyalty Information Corpus, which is a corpus for analyzing customer loyalty information. For each review we have annotated detailed customer loyalty information which contains: loyalty degree that reflects loyalty level of the customer, loyalty expression that expresses the customer loyalty, loyalty type that indicates the category to which loyalty expression belongs., reason expression that expresses why the customer have such loyalty degree, and reason type that indicates the category to which reason expression belongs.. We describe our annotation scheme and annotation process, present results of an agreement study and give some statistics about the corpus we have annotated.


The study was carried out in order to determine the degree of genetic kinship among fifteen barley genotypes using SSR technique with 14 pairs of primers. The study showed that, all the primers gave amplification products and showed polymorphism between the studied genotypes. The total number of alleles was 19, with an average of 1.35, and the number of polymorphic alleles was 19, the percentage of polymorphism was 100%. The number of total and polymorphic alleles ranged between one allele as the lowest value for primers (Bmac0209, Bmac0067, Bmag0225, Bmag012, Bmag0394, Bmag0353, Bmag0206, Bmac0031, GBM1362, EBmac0603) and three alleles as the highest value for the primer Bmag0006. The polymorphism information content (PIC) for each primer ranged from 0.32 (Bmac0209, Bmag0225) as the lowest value, to 0.721 (Bmag0385) as the highest value, and average PIC value was 0.446. The highest value of the percent agreement values (PAV) matrix was about 0.909, between Furat 7 and Mohsen White cultivars, which indicate the present of a high degree of genetic kinship, followed by the Furat 5 and Asowad Arabic (0.863), while the lowest value was 0.318 between H10 and Furat 4, indicating a great genetic variation between them. The previous results were in agreement with the genetic kinship analysis and cluster analysis which showed a high degree of genetic similarity between Furat 7 and Mohsen White, followed by Furat 5 and Asowad Arabic.


Considering climatic characteristics in cold region, existing high school libraries in Changchun are researched according to investigation of real conditions of these library buildings. Mathematical analysis and CAD methods are used to summarize the relation between building shape and building energy saving of high school library. Strategies are put forward for sustainable development of high school library building in cold region, providing reliable design basis for construction of high school libraries in Changchun.


Background and purpose:  Extrahepatic vasodilation and increased intrahepatic vascular resistance represent attractive targets for the medical treatment of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. In both dysfunctions, dysregulation of the contraction‐mediating Rho kinase plays an important role as it contributes to altered vasoconstrictor responsiveness. However, the mechanisms of vascular Rho kinase dysregulation in cirrhosis are insufficiently understood. They possibly involve mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)‐dependent mechanisms in extrahepatic vessels. As the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib inhibits ERK, we tested the effect of sorafenib on haemodynamics and dysregulated vascular Rho kinase in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis.


A theoretical model for predicting the sound attenuation in a liquid‐filled duct lined with a viscoelastic material is discussed. The viscoelastic liner is a rubber‐like material that has a loss factor associated with the shear modulus. In the analysis the liner is assumed to be in perfect contact with the rigid duct wall. The viscoelastic liner is characterized by Lame constants and the material density. The fluid in the lined duct is assumed to be inviscid, and is characterized by the fluid density and the speed of sound in the medium. The derivation of the eigenvalue equation is based on the theory of elasticity, the acoustic wave equation in the presence of fluid flow, and standard boundary conditions. The eigenvalue equation was solved numerically for a given duct geometry, the liner configuration, the liner material properties, and the fluid flow velocity. Then the sound attenuation was obtained by using the calculated eigenvalues. [Work supported by NUSC.]


At present,there have appeared serious problems in China's higher education,which demand prompt solutions,such as disconnected link between talent training and social demands,students' insufficient motive for autonomic learning and unequal opportunities of higher education.To promote a harmonious development of higher education,evaluation committees of state and provincial levels need to be established for the scientific determination of disciplines.The higher entrance enrollment system needs to be changed from the "strict access to college yet lower criteria for graduation" to the "easy access to college yet higher criteria for graduation".On the basis of making full use of the strong points of all others,the current mode of talent cultivation are to be reformed so as to guarantee the personnel support for China's economic development and transition.


This project work was aimed at studying the Statistical Analysis of Registered Births and Deaths in Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Ogun State from 2002 - 2011: The following statistical tools were employed in the analysis; sex ratio at birth computed for records of births provided a very important piece of information for the use in population projection. It could also be useful for Government to pJan for the unborn child. Also death rate gave information about an increase in female or male deaths. The regression analysis of birth, death and number of women showed an annual increase in births, deaths and number of women attending the hospital respectively. The correlation analysis shows that there is a correlation between total number of expectant mothers and total live births. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested showed that the total number of expectant mother and total live births are linearly related.


In order to predict the macroscopic thermal response of contact interfaces between rough surface topographies, a computational contact homogenization technique is developed at the finite deformation regime. The overall homogenization framework transfers macroscopic contact variables, such as surfacial stretch, pressure and heat flux, as boundary conditions on a test sample within a micromechanical interface testing procedure. An analysis of the thermal dissipation within the test sample reveals a thermodynamically consistent identification for the macroscopic thermal contact conductance parameter that enables the solution of a homogenized thermomechanical contact boundary value problem based on standard computational approaches. The homogenized contact response effectively predicts a temperature jump across the macroscale contact interface. The strong dependence of this homogenized response on macroscale solution variables of interest is demonstrated via representative three‐dimensional numerical investigations. The proposed contact homogenization framework is suitable for the analysis of similar energy transport phenomena across heterogeneous contact interfaces where the investigation of the sources for energy dissipation is of concern. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Insulation systems for large hydrogenerator stators consisting mainly of mica, bonded with a synthetic thermoset resin, have been a significant generic advance over the former asphaltic systems.


OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to determine what types of psychiatric patients utilize the emergency departments (EDs) for their psychiatric care. The secondary purpose was to identify reasons for the change in utilization. METHODS: A convenience study was conducted in an urban, Level I METHODS: A convenience study was conducted in an urban, Level I METHODS: pediatric and adult trauma center with 45,000 annual visits. A portion


'Where our society is heading to with such knowledge to alter the laws of nature?' All parents should remember that once they were also the children of their parents.


The effects that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on children and adolescents are versatile and vast. Reduced quality of life, emotional problems, social withdrawal, and symptoms of anxiety and depression up to suicidal ideations have been reported in numerous studies. They mainly use self-assessment, quite a few use parental assessments. The focus of this study are the challenges for teachers and students as well as observable behaviors and burdens of students from the perspective of teachers during the phase of distance learning because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The online study was conducted in Carinthia/Austria in March and April 2021. 1,281 teachers (29% response rate) from the 5th to the 13th grade participated. The significantly increased workload, the blurring of work and free time as well as the increased physical and mental demands are the largest challenges for the teachers. More than half of the students showed a significant drop in performance, reduced concentration ability and reduced motivation to learn from the perspective of the teachers. Assumed is a critically increased media use. Next to social withdrawal, one can also perceive symptoms of anxiety, depression, or physical ailments. Because of the external assessment through teachers the results are not directly comparable with international studies. However, they do show to the same degree the urgency of preventive and secondary preventive resp. measurements as well as easily accessible possibilities for support for teachers and students. Teachers have a high sensitivity to peculiarities of students and are a valuable source of information. The required performance of the students should be critically analyzed adequately according to the current situation and adapted.


Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome is one of Ethiopia's most alarming public health challenges to the socio-economic development and security. Different researches have been done to see the progress of disease from time to time. However, information that shows the trend of HIV among police force over a period of time in Ethiopia is very limited.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and trends of HIV /AIDS and opportunistic infections in Ethiopian police.

Methods: Descriptive statistics was computed to determine the prevalence and trends of HIV/AIDS and its opportunistic infections and other variables. Data gathered from Health Management Information System office of the Federal Police Hospital, from September, 2010 to August, 2013. Data were cleaned, edited and entered into computer and analyzed with SPSS version 16.0. Then Chi-Square (X2) Statistical test was used for testing associations and P value less or equal to five percent (P <=0.05) was considered significant.

RESULTS: From all federal police health facilities out of the total 26,271 tested for HIV, from September 2010 to 2013, 15,937 (60.3%) were males. Eight hundred forty seven (3.2%) were positive for HIV. The prevalence of HIV infection was 2% for males and 1.2% for females. The age specific prevalence was highest in the age group 26-35 years (2.2%) followed by 36– 45 (1.4%) median age 31.2, with IQR 8.92. Out of the total sampled 356 HIV positive patients, linked on ART and pre-ART, about 125(35%) of them had more than one opportunistic infections.

CONCLUSION: There is decreasing trend of sero-positivity over the years, with higher prevalence among sexually active age groups. Diarrhea, thrush, and pulmonary TB were the leading OIs contracted by HIV-infected patients. Strong STI/HIV educational intervention to alter risk-taking behavior among Police force is recommended. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2014;28(3):162-169]


A growing body of evidence indicates that standard models overestimate the diffuse shortwave radiation in clear-sky conditions. The magnitude of the difference (9% to 40% of the diffuse observations, depending on aerosol loading) suggests that the discrepancy is not primarily due to measurement uncertainties. It has been proposed (Kato et al. 1997) that the excess absorption is due to an unidentified gas. But another possibility is the presence of highly absorptive aerosols. In this paper the second possibility is investigated. We base our comparisons on observations of direct and diffuse shortwave radiation obtained at the Southern Great Plain (SGP) site of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM). These data are compared to modeling results for a range of aerosol parameters.


Hazards pulses are undesirable short pulses caused by stray delays in digital circuits. Such pulses not only may cause errors in the circuit operation, but also consume energy, and add to the computation time. It is therefore very important to detect hazards in circuit designs. Two-valued Boolean algebra, which is commonly used for the analysis and synthesis of digital circuits, cannot detect hazard conditions directly. To overcome this limitation several multi-valued algebras have been proposed for hazard detection. This paper surveys these algebras, and studies their mathematical properties. Also, some recent results unifying most of the multi-valued algebras presented in the literature are described. Our attention in this paper is restricted to the study of static and dynamic hazards in gate circuits.


Single-charge transfer cross sections sigma q,q-1, for Arq+ (q=2-7) on He and H2, and for Krq+ (q=2-9) and Xeq+ (q=2-11) on He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, H2, N2, CO2, CH4, C2H6 and C3H8, have been measured at energies of about 0.286 keV amu-1. The scaling properties of sigma q,q-1 according to the initial charge state q and the first ionisation potential I1 of the target are discussed, and a law of sigma q,q-1 varies as q1.3I1-2.0 is presented. This coincides with the prediction of the 'classical absorbing-sphere model' (CASM). The oscillatory behaviour of the cross sections with q as well as I1 is consistent with the concept of the 'classical one-electron model' (COEM).


The utility model discloses a GIS intelligent control cabinet, lead-in sides of a miniature circuit breaker is accessed to a control work power supply through connection terminals, lead-out sides of the miniature circuit breaker are connected to a power supply module and a PLC module respectively, the PLC module includes CPU, a DI on-off value spreading module and an AI analog quantity spreading module, wherein the DI on-off value spreading module drives an intermediate relay, an auxiliary point of the intermediate relay is attached to an once control loop arranged in a GIS closed combined electrical equipment to implement on-off control, the AI analog quantity spreading module receives analog signals from a parameter sensor of the GIS closed combined electrical equipment, and a temperature and humidity controller controls the startup of a heater by collecting environment temperature and humidity signals. By means of employing a PLC programmable controller to on-line monitor and control the closed combined electrical equipment, the control cabinet has advantages of good expandability, convenient maintenance, stabilization and reliability, and strong practicability.


To improve hospital evaluation system and strengthen the construction of organ cadre team in large hospitals,the method,result and experience were introduced about the evaluation for the cadres.


Abstract Triarylmethyl cations serve as tunable organocatalysts for the synthesis of bisindolylmethanes. The catalyst structure can be modified to increase or decrease reactivity as needed to match the requirements of the substrate. High yields are achieved for a variety of substrates by using these green catalysts. Catalyst tuning allows for the use of less reactive electrophiles by increasing the reactivity of the catalyst. Acid-sensitive products can be isolated under these mild reaction conditions.


The invention discloses a system and method for searching a network for power dispatching data. The system comprises a text message receiving device, a text message processor and a text message sending device, wherein the text message receiving device receives signals sent by a mobile phone and acquires a first text message, the text message processor judges whether the first text message meets a preset condition or not, the first text message meeting the preset condition is analyzed, a search request message is acquired, and corresponding search data are obtained according to the search request message, the acquired search data are packaged to be a second text message according to a preset format, and the text message sending device sends the second text message to the mobile phone. Therefore, working staff can log in an office system at any time and any place, search the network for the power dispatching data, and complete a dispatching task, and great convenience is brought to the working staff of a dispatching department.


We calculate the local quasi-particle current of a Majorana state in a planar hybrid (superconductor-semiconductor) nanowire. In absence of perpendicular components of the magnetic field the current flows in circular trajectories without a preferred orientation. On the other hand, when a perpendicular component of the magnetic field is present the quasi-particle current circulates surrounding the Majorana density peak with an orientation established by the magnetic field.


SUMMARY In four separate trials there was no evidence of biological transmission of Marek's disease by the bite of Culex quinquefasciatus or Culex pipiens mosquitoes which had fed on Marek's-infected chickens. Oral feeding of engorged mosquitoes also failed to transmit the disease. When recently engorged mosquitoes were ground and injected intra-abdominally into day-old chicks, however, 9 of 14 and 1 of 16 had lesions of Marek's disease four weeks later.


It is generally understood that, as dimensionality increases, the minimum cost of metric query tends from 𝑂 (log 𝑛 ) to 𝑂 ( 𝑛 ) in both space and time, where 𝑛 is the size of the data set. With low dimensionality, the former is easy to achieve; with very high dimensionality, the latter is inevitable. We previously described BitPart as a novel mechanism suitable for performing exact metric search in "high(er)" dimensions. The essential tradeoff of BitPart is that its space cost is linear with respect to the size of the data, but the actual space required for each object may be small as log 2 𝑛 bits, which allows even very large data sets to be queried using only main memory. Potentially the time cost still scales with 𝑂 (log 𝑛 ) . Together these attributes give exact search which outperforms indexing structures if dimensionality is within a certain range. In this article, we reiterate the design of BitPart in this context. The novel contribution is an in-depth examination of what the notion of "high(er)" means in practical terms. To do this we introduce the notion of exclusion power , and show its application to some generated data sets across different dimensions.


Telomeres are distinctive DNA-protein structures that cap the ends of linear chromosomes; they are essential to maintain chromosomal integrity and genome stability. Telomeres are composed by tandem repeats of the non-codificante DNA sequence TTAGGG bound by the shelterin complex. It contains six core proteins: telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TERF1), TERF2, protection of telomeres 1 (POT1), adrenocortical dysplasia homolog (ACD), telomeric repeat-binding factor 2-interacting protein (TERF2IP) and TERF1 interacting nuclear factor 2 (TINF2), which play fundamental roles in telomere protection, chromosomal stability and regulation of telomere length (TL) (1). In addition, the shelterin complex modulates telomerase activity at chromosome ends, recognizes telomeric DNA and remodels it into a t-loop, which protects the 3' overhang from being recognized as DNA damage. Alterations in the structure and function of any of these proteins may lead to undesirable DNA damage responses that could be associated to a role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.


Industry 4.0 is the name given to the latest evolution in the digitalisation and automation of manufacturing processes. Transitioning to Industry 4.0 is an emerging imperative for chemical processing based manufacturers throughout the world. "Smart" equipments, products and factories are transforming how companies do business, both internally and with suppliers and customers. At the present moment palm oil products particularly, Palm Kernel Oil have become a major feedstock for the oleochemical industries in Malaysia. Since Malaysia accounts for 42% of the global production of palm oil products, it is inevitable that the oleochemical industries has been flourishing and blooming in the last few years. The majority fatty acid found in palm kernel stearin is C12 which can be found in range of 54.8 to 64.0 wt%. But this value is determined by the iodine and saponification value of the palm kernel. The higher the iodine and saponification value, hence the higher the fatty acid composition can be found for higher extraction for oleochemical plant. The iodine value (Wjis) is ranged from 5.8 to 8.1 whereas the saponification value is ranged from 245 to 254 mgKOHg-1oil. Fuzzy Logic system is developed to determine the fatty acid composition for the different range of iodine value and saponification value to ensure kernel with different composition of fatty acid to be separated and produce higher purity of oleochemical substances. This system will ensure 'SMART' manufacturing replacing the 'NON-SMART' methods where all kernels are grinded randomly and extracting altogether.


The damson‐hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Schrank), is a serious pest of hops in England. It is holocyclic (with obligatory sexual phase) and host alternating. From suction trap data, P. humuli aerial densities are known to be greatest in the main hop growing regions of Herefordshire and Kent (mid-west and south-east England, respectively), some 260 km apart. The aphid is now resistant to several insecticides. This is in part conferred by elevated carboxylesterase activity, ranging from low in susceptible to high in very resistant strains. Enzyme markers, including carboxylesterases (EST-4 to -7), separated electrophoretically from individual insects, have been used to examine the degree of genetic heterogeneity among P. humuli sub-populations on both its hosts ‐ Prunus spp. (primary overwintering host) and hops, Humulus lupulus (secondary summer host). The esterase data revealed heterogeneity among subpopulations collected from wild, unsprayed hosts in regions less than 30 km in area, with a higher mean frequency of elevated esterase variants in the commercial hop growing regions of Herefordshire and Kent, compared with samples from a non-commercial region around Rothamsted. Esterase distributions remained similar over consecutive years. Similarly, allele and genotype frequencies for another enzyme (6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, 6-PGD) were also heterogeneous among subpopulations sampled at less than 30 km apart (especially from Prunus) in each of the three regions surveyed, whilst allele and genotype frequencies sometimes remained stable over a number of summers. In addition, 6-PGD genotype frequencies were mostly congruent with Hardy-Weinberg expectations, even for parthenogenetically-reproducing aphids colonizing hops. These data suggest that the 6-PGD alleles tested are selectively neutral; that gene flow (= migration) is restricted between aphid populations, even within a single region ( 30 km) and, that the autumn migration from hops to Prunus is probably of shorter range (perhaps less than 20 km) compared with the spring migration from Prunus to hops.


This paper meets the analysts' forecasts of a new economic crisis that Romania will face in 2018. The competent and efficient management of education at both the system and the educational institution requires its scientific substantiation. The basis of this is the science of education management or educational management. The success of management in general and especially of education can be more importantly enhanced by the intelligent actions of managers and the achievement of more and better performance, with less, referring to time, material and financial resources, human resources, efforts etc., characteristics determined by the fact that we all manage our life and work, and some of us and others. It can be appreciated that the value and effectiveness of managerial activity depend to a great extent on its substantiation on the theory of management science and the elevated, multidimensional skills of the manager, qualities that have the force to mobilize all the resources (human, informational, financial, etc.) to successfully achieve the objectives of each domain and each social unit. Education managers, starting from the fact that education is the most important factor of human education and education and the most dynamic socio-human field, must ensure its change and adaptation to the information society requirements in order to train the young generation on the basis of language and technology so that every man prepared by the school knows how to work with the computer, both for his training and for solving professional problems after his graduation from school or faculty.


198 In 1968 Chester Arthur Lewis, the son of Henry Jackson Lewis, bequeathed forty-seven of his father's original ink-on-paper drawings, mostly unpublished editorial cartoons, to the DuSable Museum of African American History in Chicago. Lewis was a late-nineteenth-century artist, engraver, and illustrator regarded today as the first African American editorial cartoonist.1 What Lewis left us is more than mere elegant works of art or vintage propaganda. His work recalls an age when images of blacks by blacks served blacks in strategies of resistance and uplift. Lewis gives us a rare glimpse of Gilded Age African American life—an age when blacks migrated from the South to urban centers like New York, Cleveland, Chicago, and Indianapolis; an age that bore witness to increased lynchings and domestic terrorism; and an age that gave rise to the NAACP, the civil rights movement, and the Harlem Renaissance. Many of the illustrations, cartoons, caricatures, and column headings in this collection were conceived, carved into woodcuts and chalk plates, then printed and published during Lewis's tenure as an artist at the Indianapolis-based illustrated weekly newspaper, The Freeman. Other works in this collection, however, were neither printed nor published in the artist's lifetime. Though it is common for cartoons and illustrations published in newspapers and magazines to rely on captions to help viewers interpret an artist's visual narrative, Lewis's debut self-portrait spoke for itself on page two of the 13 July 1889 issue of The Freeman, a black-owned-and-operated illustrated newspaper. For reasons unknown, the paper's editor published Lewis's portrait without an accompanying biography (fig. 1). Lewis seems to have borrowed heavily from the formal structure of medieval heraldic achievements, or coats-of-arms, to pledge allegiance to Victorian values, civic responsibility, black journalism, and a brand of pictorial reporting aimed at (re)building a national identity. The key elements of heraldic achievements that Lewis co-opted were the crest, helmet, shield, supporters, compartment, order, and motto (fig. 2). At the crest the eagle perched above Lewis's head screams American identity. Its outstretched wings protect the two supporters below (Lewis's oldest son and daughter), one of whom bears upon his shoulder a flagless pole based on a copy of The Freeman—foreshadowing the nation-building and uplift yet to come from the black press. Lewis carefully arranged his drafting tools and artist's instruments directly on top of a book open to the "Science of Fine Art" on one page and the "Science of Engraving" on the other. This was Lewis's way of earning the trust of Freeman readers—assuring them that his depictions of the race were based on a sort of empirical confirmation. Lewis was a selfmade man beholden to African American uplift like many of The Freeman's subscribers and readers. The signs and symbols he employed tell us that he was acutely aware of the role art played in the struggle toward progress. Essentially, Lewis was an early incarnation of twentieth-century social realists: "agent[s] of democratic consciousness raising and social change," who use art, especially images of blacks, "to leverage transformations in the social and political sphere."2 Lewis's statement of purpose can be found inscribed on his palette. It is a motto in Latin that translates to Not Born for Ourselves Alone, but for the Whole World. Born into slavery near Water Valley, Mississippi, around 1845, Henry Jackson Moore found freedom in 1863, abandoned his slave surname for Lewis, and then volunteered to fight in the Civil War with the Fourth United States Colored Heavy Artillery.3 Three years later, Corporal Henry Jackson Lewis emerged. Little is known about Lewis's war years, but in 1866 he mustered out of the military a free man at Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Despite a blinded left eye and a disabled left arm, Lewis educated himself and then learned to draw and sketch. By 1874 Lewis worked as a carpenter, bought a house in Pine Out of Jest: The Art of Henry Jackson Lewis


Understanding the human brain's activity is an ongoing big challenge that concerns many scientific fields with the focus being on the normal and abnormal brain functionality which is characterized by the collective behavior of interacting neurons. A hybrid synchronization phenomenon, called chimera state, is described by the coexistence of coherent and incoherent regions and is considered to be capable of providing useful knowledge about the brain's functionality and certain neuro-logical disorders. The design of a brain-inspired network of coupled FitzHugh - Nagumo (FN) neurons utilizing an adaptive memristor crossbar architecture is introduced in this work. In order to explore the adaptive memristor crossbar impact on the phase synchronization, we firstly exhibit chimera state structures formed in the proposed FN network by employing a fixed mem-ristor crossbar, whose switching behavior is then enhanced with its inherent stochastic nature. Our findings imply that switching dynamics have a major influence on adaptive synchronization and that chimera states are robust by including device-to-device variability in the switching mechanisms of memristor devices, therefore paving the way for the design and modeling of chimera states.


Quadratic stochastic programs (QSP) with recourse can be formulated as nonlinear convex programming problems. By attaching a Lagrange multiplier vector to the nonlinear convex program, a QSP is written as a system of nonsmooth equations. A Newton-like method for solving the QSP is proposed and global convergence and local superlinear convergence of the method are established. The current method is more general than previous methods which were developed for box-diagonal and fully quadratic QSP. Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm, and to compare the use of Monte-Carlo rules and lattice rules for multiple integration in the algorithm.


Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA 21–1) is used to diagnose and monitor neoplasms. However, the main disadvantages of the currently available CYFRA 21–1 assays include heterogenous technology, being time‐consuming, and having low through‐put with low insensitivity. This study investigated the use of amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous immunoassay (AlphaLISA) for the quantization of CYFRA 21–1 in human serum.


Ecosystem health assessment is an important part of improving the management of national parks. In this paper, Shennongjia National Park is taken as the study region. By using satellite remote sensing data from 2000 to 2018, based on the Vitality Organization Resilience (VOR) model, an ecosystem health assessment is created and its spatiotemporal characteristics are analyzed. In the whole region, the ecosystem's health level has gradually improved; the rate of improvement of the ecosystem's health level from 2016 to 2018 has been 2.5-times that of the overall rate and the trend of improvement has been obvious. The rate of improvement of the ecosystem's health level of non-nature protection areas has improved two-fold; the same is true of nature protection areas, and the stability change trend of the two areas has basically been the same. The establishment of national parks has played a significant role in promoting the health of the regional ecosystem. In future planning, relevant departments should pay attention to the ecological protection and restoration of the area and optimize the traditional area layout of Shennongjia National Park.


Adding semantic analysis in the process of comparing news articles enables a deeper level of analysis than traditional keyword matching. In this bachelor's thesis, we have compared, implemented, an ...


Nanoporous thin polymer films have been produced by a simple two-step approach using metallo-supramolecular block copolymers as the starting materials. The first step is the self-assembly of the copolymer, yielding cylindrical microdomains oriented normal to the substrate. The second step involves the opening of the metal-ligand complex located at the junction of the two blocks by redox chemistry to release the minor block and create the pores (see Figure).


This paper provides a new spread spectrum signal detection in the presence of digital narrowband interference using nonlinear detectors by utilizing several moments in a frequency band. The proposed procedure amounts to a nonlinear processing on the received data and matched filtering. The performance assessments indicate that this receiver is able to suppress the effect of narrowband interference, which is assumed as an M-ary amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal. The new detector uses the information available in a bit duration of the spread spectrum signal and requires no training data.


This paper presents modulation strategies to reduce common mode voltage in diode clamped multilevel inverter. During operation of diode clamped inverter it produces common voltage which is not zero, this causes significant impact on the motor. The carrier pulse width modulation strategies are implemented for five level diode clamped multilevel inverter and the variation of common mode voltage is observed and presented using SIMULINK.


Naproxen, a nonsteroid anti‐inflammatory drug studied for Alzheimer's disease, was conjugated with lipoamino acids (LAA) directly or through a diethylamine (EDA) spacer to improve the drug lipophilicity and the interaction with phospholipid bilayers.


Libya has a long and varied history of colonisation, with its inevitable legacies. Until 1911 it was a province of the Ottoman Empire; the Turks were replaced by Italians who lost it to the British and French during World War II. After long arguments in the United Nations, Libya was eventually declared independent — in name at least — in 1951, although the country remained desperately poor. Indeed, until the discovery of oil in 1959, Libya was one of the poorest countries in the world, with a per capita income of $30 a year and an export trade consisting almost entirely of esparto grass and scrap metal from the battlefields of World War II. The attraction for the colonisers was partly a matter of prestige, and partly the strategic position of Libya on the southern shore of the Mediterranean. The Italians made an effort to develop the agriculture of Libya, but this was for the benefit of their own poor immigrants from the Italian South, sent by a government which hoped to make this huge country into Italy's 'Fourth Shore' onto the Mediterranean. By and large even these agricultural efforts were unsuccessful, for at independence only 5% of the country was economically useful; the rest was desert. While Libya was a colony, riot surprisingly, little was done for the native Libyans, and certainly not in the field of education. The Turks, it is true, built a few craft schools in Tripoli but otherwise left education in the hands of the traditional schools in the mosques. The Italians too did little, although a very few secondary schools were opened, education being deliberately restricted for the Libyan population. The small number of people who went into higher education had to pursue their studies either in Italy or Egypt. The FrancoBritish occupation made a few improvements, but at independence in 1951 out of a total school enrolment of 32,741, there were 537 students studying in secondary schools — none of them girls. There was a total of 25 secondary school teachers, and only 14 Libyans held a university degree. Nevertheless, despite the poverty of the country, the' government did try to set up a higher educational system, and in 1959 the University of Benghazi gave its first degrees. After the discovery of oil, the university system expanded fairly rapidly, particularly in the Faculty of Religious Studies. The King of Libya, Idris,


HIV self-testing could reduce barriers to screening, increase the number of people aware of their HIV infection, and ultimately result in a greater percentage of the HIVinfected population having a suppressed HIV load [4], likely lowering the incidence of new HIV infections. Self-testing may be more convenient than provider-based screening, and potentially reduce the role of stigma in a patient's choice to be screened. Furthermore, self-testing is less costly than provider-based screening, at least for the majority of people who have a negative result of HIV screening. It is therefore a reasonable hypothesis that HIV self-testing may both improve HIV outcomes and provide good value for the money fora ministry of health with a constrained budget. In this issue of The Journal of Infectious


The one-dimensional cutting stock problem, has so many applications in lots of industrial processes and during the past few years has attracted so many researchers' attention all over the world. In this paper a metaheuristic method based on ACO is presented to solve this problem. In this algorithm, based on designed probabilistic laws, artificial ants do select various cuts and then select the best patterns. Also because of the problem framework, effective improvements has been made to problem solving process. The results of that algorithm in sample problems, show high efficiency of the algorithm in different levels of problems.


30 Background: Emerging evidence has demonstrated roles of glycolysis in the 31 tumorigenesis and progression of human tumors. However, their underlying clinical 32 implications have not been well elucidated in breast cancer. In present study, we aimed 33 to generate a risk-score from glycolysis-related signatures to predict prognosis of 34 patients with breast cancer.


My current report for the government authorities must be completed today. Why I hate speaking into the recorder is beyond me. I've done it every second day for the last ten months. Ten months already, how remarkable. I recall starting this job, the excitement, the disbelief that I would have such an important, responsible government position. I had gone from sitting on an island shore and gazing out at the sea, thinking of fleeing to the mainland, or in more frightening moments, of plunging into the sea and allowing the currents to take me; yes, I have gone from worrying over the most basic of subsistence matters, to a job that offered fine remuneration, along with the replenishment of my self-respect. I had felt so isolated here, away from the mainland activity, and then I was given a position as vital as any in the mainland centres. Yet the reports, the saying of the actual words into the recorder fill me with apprehension. Perhaps because the recorder can detect any deviation from veracity. But there is no reason to deviate, to fabricate. Veracity is never punished. Banishment is for other forms of deviation from government regulations. I merely need to speak my report. I must not allow myself to be unnerved by the recorder, this small, ugly, luminous machine. I sometimes think it harbours within its smooth casing a living thing, a vile, little creature that I should kick, or yell loudly at, and it would scurry away, leaving me in peace...


. Abstract − Vapor-liguid equilibrium(VLE) data are essential when using mixtures as a refrigerant. The VLE data of binary mixture containing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and propane were measured at 273.15, 283.15, 293.15, 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K using circulation type experimental apparatus. The experimental data were correlated with f ive mixing rules combined with the Peng-Robinson-Stryjek-Vera equation of state. We compared the data obtained by using the PRSV EOS with experimental data and a satisfactory consistency of model predictions with experimental data were obtained. Azeotropic behavior has been observed in all these mixtures.


By proposing two rules to regulate the movement of the yield surface, this paper develops a new kinematic hardening model in the theory of plasticity. A closed-form general solution is obtained in the case of linear stress paths, material response under cyclic loadings is discussed, and various tube problems are solved to demonstrate the model.


This paper adopted low intensity laser blood therapeutics(LILBT) to treat the patients who had experienced forced detoxication in drug withdrawal center before and had protracted abstinent syndrome,and compared the experiment groups with the normal group to observe their differences and the change of some blood rheology indexes after the treatment.The results indicate that the two methods in treatment groups both have the effect of improving some blood rheology indexes.Although they have the differences,the differences do not have statistics meaning(p0.5).Under the process of treatment,laser blood therapeutics can relieve drug users suffering more effectively than conventional therapeutics.Also,there are no side effects.


Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered a complicated autoimmune disorder. Evidence is in favor of involvement of chemokines and their receptors in autoimmune diseases. Hence, this project aimed to analyze the known CCR5-Δ32 mutation in MS patients.

Methods: In this experimental study, blood samples were collected from 100 MS patients and 300 healthy controls in EDTA pre-coated tubes. DNA was extracted and DNA samples were analyzed for CCR5-Δ32 mutation by Gap-PCR in patients and controls. Demographic data were also collected by questionnaire.

Results: Our findings showed that none of the MS patients displayed CCR5-Δ32 mutation, while 2 healthy controls showed the heterozigotic form of this mutation

Conclusions: Several studies analyzed the relation of this mutation with autoimmune diseases. Some studies failed, but some succeeded in finding an association between this mutation and autoimmune diseases. Based on the results of our study, it could be concluded that this mutation does not play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of MS.


This paper uses a typical intelligent cart model like the Ackermann steering car as the control object, in order to enhance the control effect of the intelligent car system in the process of path tracking and improve the tracking performance and anti-interference, a feed-forward variable domain fuzzy PID control method (FVUFP) is proposed. Establishing an open-loop transfer function for the system based on the construction of the Ackermann steering vehicle kinematic model and simulating in Matlab / Simulink to verify the control performance of the FVUFP controller and its suppression of continuous disturbance signals. The experimental results show that the FVUFP can effectively improve the system performance compared with the traditional fuzzy PID control (FPID) and variable domain fuzzy PID control (VUFP), and has a strong interference-carrying performance against continuous disturbance signals.


Through actual examples of the fault treatment of CN in a certain place,this paper introduces the ideas and methods for the fault treatment of CN,and expounds the protective functions of the design of the time delay mechanism of CN's main/standby network element equipment on CN.


Abstract One of the most studied process for the decomposition of phenolic compounds involves the use of different microbial species or consortia. The main drawback of biological methods is the possible inhibitory effect of high concentrations of phenolic compounds impacting on the microorganisms. To overcome these difficulty bacteria can be acclimated to higher concentrations of phenols and the use of supplemental carbon sources. In this work a Pseudomonas putida strain isolated from a waste treatment plant receiving phenolic waste was tested for 4-chlorophenol removal using 1% (w/v) glucose as a co-substrate. Total removal of 4-chlorophenol concentrations of 50, 150 and 200 mg l−1 were obtained in approximately 27, 53 and 93 h respectively. For a higher 4-chlorophenol concentration of 250 mg l−1, only 22% of degradation was obtained suggesting that at this high concentration, the 4-chlorophenol exerts an inhibitory effect on the bacteria.


STAMPS, J. A. 1973. Displays and social organization in female Anolis aeneus. Copeia 1973:264-272. TALBOT, J. J. 1976. Ecological and behavioral factors regulating the spatial distribution of Norops humilis and N. limifrons (Sauria: Iguanidae) at a tropical EXTON, O. J., J. BAUMAN AND E. ORTLIEB. 1972. easonal food habits of Anolis limifron . Ecology rainforest locality. Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. S uthern California, Los Angeles. .1977. Habitat selection in two tropical anoline lizards. Herpetologica 33:114-123. WILSON, E. 0. 1975. Sociobiology. Belknap Press.


As young researchers more than 15 years ago, Patrick Hung and Brian Blake participated in the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Web Services. This year in July, Hung and Blake attended the most recent iteration of the conference, the 2018 IEEE World Congress on Services in San Francisco. Although the topics have varied over the decades, the 2018 Congress covered aspects of innovative services research and current and emerging applications in services computing. The Congress now contains seven different conferences in the areas of big data, cloud computing, edge computing, cognitive computing, the Internet of Things, web services, and services computing. Over lunch, Hung and Black reflected on papers from this years Congress and considered current trends in the community.


Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are considered for vehicle headlamps.The spectral power distribution of LEDs is discussed, especially the their effect on drivers' comfort and target detection. Research is described that sheds some light on the issues of glare and visibility in night driving, as related to LEDs.


Fast size measurement is widely used in many fields, such as airport security inspection, logistics classification and so on. In order to reduce the measurement error and enhance the measurement speed, we design a fast size measurement system based on multiple RGB-D cameras and a main axis calculation mechanism based on the distribution of pointcloud normal vectors (MA-PNV) is proposed. In our algorithm, the pointcloud of the object is acquired through coordinate transformation and background subtraction. After statistical outlier removal, the normal vectors of the pointcloud is obtained by the local surface fitting. Then the main axis is calculated based on MA-PNV and size measurement of the object is accomplished. Experimental evaluation is carried out on objects with different shapes, colors and under different illumination conditions. The results illustrate that our algorithm is effective for fast size measurement.


The present invention includes a composition comprising terpenes and hollow glucan particles or cell wall particles, a method for preparing such compositions. The composition increases the stability and activity of the terpenes, providing a suitable carrier to terpenes. The present invention, such compositions, medical also relates to the use in the field of veterinary, and agricultural. .BACKGROUND


Taking Badi hydroelectric station of stem stream of Dadu River in Sichuan province as an example,combining with previous calculation achievements,the essay analyzes seepage stability of deep overburden in the dam region,analyzes seepage resistance effects of various seepage resistance schemes,finally selects optimal scheme.


This paper outlines the differences in demographic characteristics and, therefore, tax incidence of three distinct groups of Las Vegas gamblers: Las Vegas (Clark County) residents, other Nevada resident visitors, and non-Nevada visitors to Las Vegas, using data from one of the Las Vegas Visitor Profile studies and a recent survey of Clark County residents. The results suggest that the three groups are very different, and consequently, so too are the implications for tax equitability. Specifically, gambling taxes are so regressive among local resident gamblers that gambling is actually an inferior good for the majority in this category. Visitor gamblers from inside Nevada pay a less regressive tax than out-of-state gamblers, but the key implication is that the tax is universally regressive.


Thermoplastic polymers pose unique new challenges (resulting from the movement of burning melt material) for the understanding and control of fire growth on objects that incorporate them. Both full density thermoplastics such as polypropylene and polystyrene, as well as low density polyurethane foams are examined in this study, which has two overall goals: (1) assessment of potential test methods for quantitatively judging the flammability hazard of a thermoplastic (focused most specifically on polyurethane foams) and (2) fostering the development and validation of a model of fire growth over generic configurations of thermoplastic materials suggested by their end product use (particularly upholstered furniture). One such configuration is that used in the flammability test method, but early model development steps emphasize simpler configurations and materials. A critical aspect of modeling these materials is an adequate description of the viscosity of the polymer melt as a function of temperature; the viscosity can vary by several orders of magnitude. A procedure for deriving an empirical description of viscosity for full density thermoplastics, dependent only on temperature, is given but it requires extrapolation of melt viscosity out to burning temperatures. The procedure may be stymied by the complex behavior of polyurethane foam melts, indicating a need for further work. Gasification kinetics of the material, also needed in the fire growth model, are derived here from thermogravimetry for four full density thermoplastics. The more complex degradation behavior of polyurethane foam requires further work to derive these kinetics. The modeling process has been proceeding in stages of increasing complexity in conjunction with an outside contractor. The current stage focuses on two-dimensional, non-flaming melting plus gasification at heat fluxes comparable to those seen in fire growth. The present study has produced data on four full density thermoplastics and several polyurethane foams in this configuration which serves to test the developing model. Among the experimental results is the flux-dependent fraction of mass lost as melt flow from the heated sample surface. For polyurethane foams of varied composition, these results were found to vary over a wide range. This helped in understanding the relative fire growth behavior of these same foams when tested as roughly 30 cm by 60 cm slabs under the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Furniture Calorimeter. Similar scale tests were also done with thin sheets of polypropylene (the fire growth configuration which the model will attempt to predict first); these tests revealed complex flow dynamics in the melt pool fire and provided clues about the role of a pool fire in the overall fire growth process. As a result of the large scale foam tests we have proposed a tentative test configuration for polyurethane foams that are intended for use in upholstered chairs and a validation test series is being planned. The question of whether this test can be scaled down to use smaller amounts of foam is addressed; the scaling is difficult because of a mis-match in transient behaviors. Introduction. In this report the phrase "thermoplastic materials" is generalized to include any solid which produces a significant amount of a liquid phase during its burning. Thus we include not only traditional full-density thermoplastics like polypropylene or polystyrene but also such materials as polyurethane foam which, though


Objective. Investigate approaches to managing the activity of soil diazotrophs and propose a strategy for its regulation. Methods. Theoretical, vegetation and field experiments, microbiological, gas chromatographic, mathematical and statistical. Results. The activity of beneficial soil microorganisms can change under the action of temperature, humidity, chemical compounds of various origin, and other microorganisms. It was established that, taking into account a significant variety of factors, it is necessary to develop a set of specific ways to increase the growth and functional activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, as well as their viability. It has been proved that the combination of diazotrophs forms an effective symbiotic leguminous-rhizobial system, which provides additional biological nitrogen in agrocenoses. At the same time, there was an increase in plant mass, chlorophyll content in the leaves, protein and oil content in the products. The combined use of diazotrophs increases the yield, in particular, soybeans by 9–16 % compared with inoculation by pure bacterial culture. Conclusion. Based on the analysis and generalization of the obtained research results, a strategy for regulating the activity of diazotrophs for their effective introduction into agrocenoses is proposed, which consists in combining bacteria of different species, selecting conditions for their co-cultivation and application upon stabilisation of the number of viable bacterial cells. The proposed strategy involves solving the problem by obtaining an inoculant, which is characterized by a high titre and a stable number of viable cells, which allows to obtain an effective nitrogen-fixing system. The strategy is tried-and-tested on the example of regulating the growth and functional activity of soybean nodule bacteria by combining diazotrophs of different species, substantiating the conditions of their co-cultivation and application to ensure positive interaction in the form of commensalism, as well as by regulating viability of diazotrophs by adding stabilisers to the medium.


This study was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between arm muscle strength and smash ability in volleyball, to determine whether there is a relationship between arm length and smash ability in volleyball, and to determine whether there is a relationship between arm muscle strength and arm length. Together with the ability to smash in volleyball games in class XI SMK Negeri 10. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method using a type of correlational research involving two independent variables, namely arm muscle strength and arm length, and the dependent variable in this study is the smash ability. The population used in the study were students of class XI SMK Negeri 10 Makassar, with a total sample size of 30 students. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it shows that there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and the ability to smash in volleyball with a value of r = 0.89. There is a significant relationship between arm length and smash ability in volleyball with a value of r = 0.856. And there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and arm length together on smash ability in volleyball with a value of r = 0.925. Thus it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and arm length on the smash ability in volleyball for class XI students of SMK Negeri 10 Makassar


The knowledge modeling and description language (KMDL®) analyzes knowledge-intensive business processes which lead towards improvements. After modeling the business processes, knowledge and process potentials in daily business tasks in knowledge generation and handling can be unleashed. The following contribution presents the current state of specification of KMDL®. A real-life example in software engineering is used to explain the advantages of this approach.