Fabrication and optoelectronic applications of graphene based hybrid 2D-1D semiconductor nanostructures have gained tremendous research interest in recent times. Herein, we present a systematic study on the origin and evolution of strong broad band visible and near infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) from vertical ZnO nanorods (NRs) and nanowires (NWs) grown on single layer graphene using both above band gap and sub-band gap optical excitations. High resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies are carried out to reveal the morphology and crystalline quality of as-grown and annealed ZnO NRs/NWs on graphene. Room temperature PL studies reveal that besides the UV and visible PL bands, a new near-infrared (NIR) PL emission band appears in the range between 815 nm and 886 nm (1.40–1.52 eV). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed excess oxygen content and unreacted metallic Zn in the as-grown ZnO nanostructures, owing to the low temperature growth by a physi...


The present invention discloses a dual gear tooth backlash error control apparatus, which includes a drive shaft, a first drive wheel, second drive wheel and the driven wheel, a first driving wheel is fixedly connected with the drive shaft, the first and second capstan tooth width less than the cogging drive wheel driven wheel width, the first capstan remains engaged with the driven gear, a shaft hole wall of the second capstan provided with a plurality of ball track grooves, an outer wall surface of the drive shaft with the second driving wheel ball grooves corresponding portion is also provided with a groove corresponding to the ball, the ball groove is provided with a plurality of balls, with the ball grooves of the drive shaft is provided axially at a certain angle, at the top of the second pressure piece is provided with drive wheels driven compacts a second drive wheel, and an angle of rotation of the second capstan occurring during movement along the shaft move, and the final driven wheel engaged. Bidentate present invention wrong tooth backlash control device can control in accordance with production requirements backlash between the driving gear and the driven gear, to improve the mechanical precision and improve the quality of the workpiece.


Recently proposed q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is a powerful and effective tool to describe fuzziness, uncertainty and vagueness. The prominent feature of q-ROFS is that the sum and square sum of membership and non-membership degrees are allowed to be greater than one with the sum of qth power of the membership degree and qth power of the non-membership degree is less than or equal to one. This characteristic makes q-ROFS more powerful and useful than intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS). The aim of this paper is to develop some aggregation operators for fusing q-rung orthopair fuzzy information. As the Muirhead mean (MM) is considered as a useful aggregation technology which can capture interrelationships among all aggregated arguments, we extend the MM to q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment and propose a family of q-rung orthopair fuzzy Muirhead mean operators. Moreover, we investigate some desirable properties and special cases of the proposed operators. Further, we apply the proposed operators to solve multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems. Finally, a numerical instance as well as some comparative analysis are provided to demonstrate the validity and superiorities of the proposed method.


The distribution functions of the components of a quasi-equilibrium two-component homogeneous fully ionized plasma have been built in the one- and two-polynomial approximation using the method of reduced description. It is shown that the one-polynomial approximation coincides with the Landau approximation. Relaxation times are found in the one- and two-polynomial approximation. It is shown how the two-polynomial approximation refines the Landau result.


By necessary simplification and assumption, the paper establishes rigid-body dynamicsmodel and mathematic model for cutting section of continuous shearer with topsuspension, which founds basis for simulation and analysis to characteristic parametersand vibration of cutting section of continuous shearer by computer.


We consider a hypothetical bound state of two electrons even if we leave the binding mechanism unknown. The bound electron pairs should behave as bosons and we conclude that the paired electrons are 'apparently' in the highest energy states of all the occupied states. We call this multi-particle state an 'apparent' Fermi surface. Then the solid in concern must be a type 2 superconductor for a charged boson fluid is theoretically known to be as such. Moreover the Bose-Einstein condensation is known to be closely related to the critical temperatures of high Tc superconductors, which is consistent with our model. Most notably the model may describe a superconductor either with or without a Fermi surface. We propose two experimental methods to detect a bound electron pair, low energy electron-electron scattering and photoemission from high Tc superconductors.


LIKE most agricultural industries, the Australian sugar industry is exposed to the elements of the climate. Knowing if the season ahead is likely to be wetter or drier can assist industry decision makers plan for the future. RAIN FORECASTER is a computer program that can forecast rainfall and wet days using phases of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and anomalies in sea surface temperatures in the Nino 3.4 region which forms part of the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. RAIN FORECASTER also incorporates the long lead forecasting model developed by Florida State University (FSU). The Florida State University model allows industry to assess early in the year (e.g. January, February) if there is likely to be a wet finish to the harvest season. Whilst RAIN FORECASTER can be used as an operational prediction tool, it is also a learning tool that can be used to understand how climate indices influence rainfall patterns. For example, by experimenting with RAIN FORECASTER, three key rules emerge common to most sugarcane growing regions located along the eastern coast of Australia. These rules are: (i) consistently positive SOI phases and/or negative Nino 3.4 anomalies (La Nina) during the harvest season favour wetter harvest conditions; (ii) consistently negative SOI phases and/or positive Nino 3.4 anomalies (El Nino) during the harvest season favour drier harvest conditions, and (iii) La Nina projections for the harvest season made by the FSU model early in the year, increase the risk of a wetter finish to the harvest. RAIN FORECASTER can be used for forecasting conditions outside the harvest season, but different results may appear for different regions. RAIN FORECASTER is a simple tool that provides an excellent basis for exploring how climate conditions are influenced by variations in atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Background


Based on a large sample of Chinese food enterprise survey data,this paper systematically explored the effect of the incentive factors for enterprises to participate in the HACCP certification system.Firstly,the relationship between the factors and the different elements was established by using the factor analysis. The results showed that the participation of enterprise was affected by multi-faceted impacts,such as the system,enterprise innovation,internal and external demands,third party certification,internal efficiency,external trade pressure,entrepreneurial spirit,and so on. Upon this basis,the clustering analysis was used to distinguish the factors contribution differences among different enterprises and the effects of factors on different food enterprises to participate in HACCP were different and had a regular variation.


To develop the mass sports activity is the focus in China in the new stage.It arms to build up the people's health.This paper starts with the current situation and the lack of the mass sports activity in China,then probes into the problems we should face and solve in the development of mass sports activity in the coming ten years.It's purpose is to give some advice to make the developing strategic of mass sports acivity in 2010.


The concept of cosmopolitanism has been the object of one of the most significant debates in the social sciences and humanities during the last decade (Beck & Sznaider 2006; Beck & Grande 2010a). In the process, cosmopolitanism has refashioned itself, moving beyond philosophy and political theory, its conventional home, to social theory and research; and ranging widely across anthropology, geography, cultural studies, literary criticism, legal studies, international relations, and social history. New, more or less reflexive and critical cosmopolitanisms have since proliferated. They have been preoccupied, first, with squaring the circle of abstract universalism by emphasizing respect for the particularity of human diversity. In the second place, they have sought to expand the circumference of the circle to include (if not to favor) those for whom cosmopolitanism is not a lifestyle choice, but the tragic involuntary condition of the refugee or otherwise dispossessed.

Keywords:

development;
globalization


Abstract O antigen 122 in Salmonella is determined by short branches of the O side chain portion of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide. These branches consist of nonreducing terminal α-d-glucose residues linked to the C-4 position of the d-galactose residues of the main chain (Tinelli and Staub, Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol., 42, 601 (1960)). Particulate fractions from permanently 122-positive strains of Salmonella typhimurium incorporated d-glucose residues from UDP-glucose into endogenous lipopolysaccharide, and most of the incorporated d-glucose residues appeared to be linked to the O side chain d-galactose through the α(1→4) linkage. Particulate fractions from permanently 122-negative strains incorporated much less d-glucose. Examination of the time course of the reaction showed that the reaction involved two steps. UDP-glucose + "lipid" ⇄ glucose-"lipid" + UDP glucose-"lipid" + lipopolysaccharide glucosyllipopolysaccharide + ("lipid") The first reaction was studied by use of a mutant (isolated from a permanently 122-positive strain) which synthesized an incomplete lipopolysaccharide and therefore could not carry out the second reaction. It required Mn++ or Mg++, and the use of 32P, 3H-doubly labeled UDP-glucose established that only the d-glucose moiety was transferred to the endogenous lipid. The reaction was reversible, and the formation of UDP-glucose-14C from partially purified 14C-glucose-lipid and UDP has been demonstrated. The forward reaction was inhibited by UDP, but not by UMP. The second reaction was exhibited by incubating the extracted 14C-glucose-lipid with a particulate fraction from a permanently 122-positive strain. In contrast to the first reaction, this reaction did not require the presence of divalent cations.


Demonstrates the connection between Gothic literature and art by analyzing the plot patterns, characters, and settings in Gothic stories and the construction and motifs of Gothic art from a stylistic, historical, and psychological approach.


Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) hollow-fiber membranes were spun by a dry/wet phase-inversion technique from dopes containing 15 wt % PVC to achieve membranes with different pore sizes for ultrafiltration (UF) applications. The effects of the N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) concentration in the internal coagulant on the structural morphology, separation performance, and mechanical properties of the produced PVC hollow fibers were investigated. The PVC membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, average pore size, pore size distribution, void volume fraction measurements, and solubility parameter difference. Moreover, the UF experiments were conducted with pure water and aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) as feeds. The mechanical properties of the PVC hollow-fiber membranes were discussed in terms of the tensile strength and Young's modulus. It was found that the PVC membrane morphology changed from thin, fingerlike macrovoids at the inner edge to fully spongelike structure with DMAc concentration in the internal coagulant. The effective pores showed a wide distribution, between 0.2 and 1.1 μm, for the membranes prepared with H2O as the internal coagulant and a narrow distribution, between 0.114 and 0.135 μm, with 50 wt % DMAc. The results illustrate that the difference in the membrane performances was dependent on the DMAc concentration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


The paper researches Horn logic programs with grammatical view. The correspondence between Horn logic programs and grammars is found. The method by which type-0 grammars generate the least Herbrand models of logic programs is found. The method by which Horn logic programs generate the languages of type-0 grammars is found. The characterization of Horn Logic programs that are semantically equavanent to type-2 grammars and type-3 grammars is found.


Background: Prompt detection of atherosclerosis (ATH) may profoundly impact therapy and patient outcome. During transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), subcostal views may suggest abdominal (ABD) aortic (AO) ATH, but this diagnosis may be inaccurate due to suboptimal images, which may in part relate to use of nonlinear probes. Therefore, we investigated the accuracy of TTE assessment of ABD AO ATH relative to transesophageal (TEE) AO images. Methods: Routine clinical TTE and TEE studies of 100 patients (44 men), aged 30–92 years old, were reviewed retrospectively and blindly. ABD AO ATH by TTE was graded qualitatively as grade (GR) 0 = smooth wall surface; GR 1, 2, and 3 = mild, moderate, and severe irregularities, respectively; and GR 4 = mobile/complex plaque. TEE images were graded quantitatively as the maximal intimal‐medial, or plaque thickness, imaged in the AO arch or descending AO, as: GR 0 ≤ 1.5 mm, GR 1 = 1.5–2.4 mm, GR 2 = 2.5–4 mm, GR 3 = >4 mm, or GR 4 = mobile/complex plaque >4 mm. TTE ability to detect the presence (>GR 0) of ABD AO ATH on TEE was measured in terms of sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive accuracy—in patients with adequate and suboptimal images—compared to TEE. Results: TTE image quality was adequate in 75 patients and suboptimal in 25. SP and PPV of grading ATH by TTE were directly related to grading by TEE; however, SN and NPV demonstrated an inverse relationship with increasing grading of ATH. TTE correlated with TEE grading with an r = 0.42 (P = 0.0001) for patients (n = 75) with adequate TTE and r = 0.32 (P = 0.001) for all patients (n = 100), including those with suboptimal TTE images. Conclusion: Routine TTE imaging is usually correct in predicting ATH on TEE, but with modest error, it should generally not be relied on as a definitive test for ATH. Adequate image quality improves the correlation of TEE and TTE grading of ABD ATH, and more severe ATH on TTE is more predictive of ATH on TEE.


most frequent origin are not similarly innervated. The area up to approximately the mid-transverse colon is 'wired' to a large extent by the parasympathetic vagus nerve, of cranial origin. The more distal regions of the colon derive parasympathetic innervation from the spinal nervi erigentes (from sacral segments 2-4), whose branches may reach as far proximally as the distal transverse colon (Cannon's point), (Sleisenger, 1981). The differing roles of smoking in these conditions might be based on different reactions of these two systems


Stateful in-memory logic (IML) is a promising paradigm to realize the unity of data storage and processing in the same die, exhibiting great feasibility to break the bottleneck of the conventional von Neumann architecture. On the roadmap toward developing such a logic platform, a critical step is the effective and efficient realization of a complete set of logic functions within a memory. In this paper, we report a realization of stateful reconfigurable logic functions via a single three-terminal magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) device within a spintronic memory by exploiting the novel voltage-gated spin Hall-effect driven magnetization switching mechanism. This proposed reconfigurable IML methodology can be implemented within either a typical memory array or a cross-point array architecture. The feasibility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated with hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuit simulations. We believe our work may promote the research and development of the revolutionary IML for future non-von Neumann architectures.


1 The relaxant potencies of (±)‐isoprenaline and of (−)‐noradrenaline (NA) in the pig isolated bronchus were increased 5.4 and 3.1 fold respectively by lowering the organ bath temperature from 37°C to 27°C, whereas the potencies of the non‐catecholamine β‐adrenoceptor agonists fenoterol and orciprenaline were not significantly changed. 2 At 37°C, the catechol‐O‐methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor U‐0521 (30 μm), caused a 7.2 fold increase in the potency of isoprenaline but had no effect on the potency of fenoterol. At 27°C the potency of isoprenaline was similar in the absence or presence of U‐0521 (30 μm). Furthermore, in bronchi where extraneuronal uptake was inhibited by phenoxybenzamine, the potency of NA was not significantly altered by reducing bathing temperature from 37°C to 27°C. 3 These results suggest that the hypothermic potentiation of isoprenaline in pig bronchus resulted from inhibition of COMT or of access to COMT, rather than from sensitization of β1‐adrenoceptors.


We successfully used high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for treating severe acquired lobar emphysema in two premature newborn infants (birth weights, 1,450 and 1,300 g). After successful weaning from mechanical ventilation for hyaline membrane disease, they needed additional ventilatory support because they developed severe lobar emphysema compressing the residual lung. In both patients, radiographic signs of lobar emphysema disappeared completely after 3 days of HFOV. Diagnosis and follow‐up were confirmed by high‐resolution computed tomography. We conclude that HFOV may be a useful noninvasive method for treating severe lobar emphysema. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


• Objective: To review current recommendations for periprocedural anticoagulation management strategies in orthopedic patients and to describe a program utilizing pharmacogenetics in warfarin management of orthopedic surgical patients. • Methods: Review of the literature and descriptive


Those are studied that Inter-Carrier Interference(ICI) over un-frequency-selective fading channel and a linear equalization of suppressing ICI in ST-OFDM system.A Topelitz matrix is computed to get ICI co efficiencies in ST-OFDM,and then the results are used in the linear equalization to suppress ICI.Simultaneously a linear equalization of employing partial ICI co efficiencies is studied to provide gain in complexity and performance.Simulations indicate the linear equalization provides a gain of 10dB at least by employing 12 ICI co efficiencies over rician channel.The partial linear equalization is more efficiency than all ICI equalization.


In this paper, we propose a novel approach in fingerprint identification for large Fingerprint database. First of all, we use neural network to extract minutiae. Then, facing the problems of large fingerprint database storage, matching speed, different fingerprint size, different fingerprint angles, we propose new a method that translates the fingerprint image to a n-dimension descriptor to represent the fingerprint features. This descriptor won't be influenced by these problems. Finally, we propose D-LVQ to classify the sample set based on the training model. So, the all steps of fingerprint identification are neural networks. Experimental Results show that the method we proposed has better performance for large fingerprint database in accuracy, time and storage.


A novel numerical method for two fluid flow computations is presented, which combines the space-time discontinuous Galerkin finite element discretization with the level set method and cut-cell based interface tracking. The space-time discontinuous Galerkin (STDG) finite element method offers high accuracy, an inherent ability to handle discontinuities and a very local stencil, making it relatively easy to combine with local {\it hp}-refinement. The front tracking is incorporated via cut-cell mesh refinement to ensure a sharp interface between the fluids. To compute the interface dynamics the level set method (LSM) is used because of its ability to deal with merging and breakup. Also, the LSM is easy to extend to higher dimensions. Small cells arising from the cut-cell refinement are merged to improve the stability and performance. The interface conditions are incorporated in the numerical flux at the interface and the STDG discretization ensures that the scheme is conservative as long as the numerical fluxes are conservative.


Significance To program complex behavior in environments incompatible with electronic controllers such as within bioreactors or engineered cells, we turn to chemical information processors. While chemical reactions can perform computation in the stoichiometric exchange of reactants for products (how many molecules of which reactants result in how many molecules of which products), the control of reaction rates is usually thought to allow more complex computation. Motivated by the fact that correct stoichiometry is easier to ensure than reaction rates, we provide a method for programming and training chemical computation by stoichiometry. We show that such computation can be straightforwardly programmed in a manner analogous to sequential programming, and demonstrate the execution of neural networks capable of complex machine learning tasks.


In this paper, the studies of Discharge Patterns originating from discharges in artificially created cavities of various dimensions and at various locations in polythene dielectric are reported. On the basis of experimental work at Discharge Detection Laboratory in Power Research Institute, Bangalore, it is concluded that discharge inception voltage is independent of void diameter. For voids of increasing depths, the discharge inception voltage decreases and discharge magnitudes tend to increase. The position of void inside the dielectric has little effect on the discharge inception voltage but approximate location is possible by merely looking at the discharge pattern. The recurrence frequency and magnitude of discharges increases with increase of test voltage beyond the inception value, thus suggesting increasing deterioration of the dielectric. For a satisfactory performance of an electrical equipment during its service, occurrence of discharges must be controlled.


The purpose of this research is to know about the organizational climate at Dinas Pendidikan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto. The type of research is descriptiv e research. The population are 69 employees and asample of 59employees . The s ampling technique is simple random sampling technique using Krejcie table . The research instrumen t was a questionnaire with Likert scale models that have been tested for validity and reliability. In general, the result of this research show that the organizational climate at Dinas Pendidikan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto is the quite well with an average score of 3.50 . Keyword : Organizational Climate


This work presents a neural networks modelling to forecast steel beam's patch load resistance. In preceding studies, neural network results have been compared and calibrated with experimental data and existing design formulae, showing a good agreement. Despite these results, the adopted method did not properly consider the differences in behaviour of slender, intermediate and compact beams. This paper introduces a new strategy based on a single neural network containing all the 155 experimental results. The Neural Network presented a maximum error value lower than 30%, while the existing formulas presented errors greater than 40%.


The interaction of the Benjamin-Ono solitons is studied in great detail employing the exact N-soliton solution presented by Matsuno (1979). For the two-soliton case, the nature of the interaction is shown to be characterised by the ratio of the amplitudes of the two solitons. Furthermore, the initial-value problem of the linearised Benjamin-Ono equation is solved analytically and the asymptotic form of the solution for large time is given.


Rhizopus strains are essential microorganisms in the food and the enzyme industries in South East Asia, Southern China, and Japan. They are mainly used to produce tempeh, a traditional fermented Indonesian food made from soybeans. The Rhizopus mold binds grains of soybean into a compact white cake (Jurus and Sundberg, 1976). Tempeh has been a staple source of protein in Indonesian foods for several hundred years (Hesseltine, 1965; Steinkraus et al., 1960). Usually tempeh is sliced and fried until the surface becomes crisp and golden brown, or it can be used as an ingredient in soups, spreads, salads and sandwiches. The Rhizopus mold, when used for tempeh fermentation, produces natural antibiotics. Wang et al. (1972) reported that Rhizopus oligosporus from tempeh, Rhizopus chinensis from soil, and Rhizopus javanicus from shoyu-koji produced an appreciable amount of antibacterial substances and these strains exhibited very high antibacterial activity when cultured in the soybean medium. Rhizopus chinensis from soil also produced antibacterial substances in the rice medium or the milk medium. R. oligosporus from tempeh produced such substances in the milk medium, but not in the rice. The growth and physiology of mycelia depend on many environmental factors. Among them, metal ions have a great effect on mycelial growth and metabolic activity. Generally, the adequate concentration of a specified metal ion is essential for microbial growth while higher metal ion concentrations inhibit the microbial growth (Abelson and Aldorus, 1950; Ross, 1975). Haska and Ohta (1991) investigated the improvement of glucoamylase production on wheat bran solid medium supplemented with calcium and nickel ions. In this study, we have investigated the effects of various metal ions as a supplementation to increase production of antibiotics by the strain Rhizopus sp. MKU 24, and established a liquid culture system with metal ions for antibiotic production. We also *Corresponding author . Tel : +81-93-695-3289, Fax : +


Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr. (1796-1850) was the son of Richard Dobbs Spaight [4], governor from 1792 to 1795, and was the last governor to be elected by the General Assembly. His mother was the former Mary Jones Leech of New Bern. The younger Spaight was educated at New Bern Academy [5] and the University of North Carolina [6], graduating with high honors from the latter institution. In 1818 he was admitted to the bar and the following year represented Craven County [7]in the House of Commons. Spaight then served in the state senate from 1820 to 1822, U. S. Congress from 1823 to 1825, and again in the state senate from the time he returned from Washington until he became governor in 1835. He never married.


Abstract : It is shown that, given a pair of infinite metric spaces and a pair of respective finite mixed strategies on them, there exists a separable game with bounded continuous payoff on their cartesian product such that the given strategies constitute the unique solution of the game. If the spaces are identical, then, corresponding to any given finite mixture, one can find a symmetric polynomial-like game with bounded (skew-symmetric) continuous payoff such that the given strategy is the only optimal one. A stronger conclusion holds if the spaces are bounded sub spaces of Euclidean n-space with sufficiently many cluster points in their closures, in that the payoff can be a polynomial and have the desired property.


Assessing severity level of agricultural products, including those with geographical indication (GI), is important to properly maintain their quality level. This study aimed to identify risk types of GI products and define their severity levels. The identification of risk types and definition of severity levels of GI products had been done on Salak Pondoh Sleman, which has been certified since 2014. These two objectives had been achieved through two approaches: (1) the use of international/ national quality standards of horticultural products; and (2) in-depth interview with each business actor at all tier of the product's supply chain. The results are discussed in the paper. Keywords : geographical indication, risk assessment, Salak Pondoh Sleman, severity level


Laminar-turbulent transition and noise radiation of a parametrized set of subsonic coaxial jet flows with a hot primary (core) stream are investigated numerically by Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) and direct noise computation. This study extends our previous research on local linear stability of heated coaxial jet flows by analyzing the nonlinear evolution of initially laminar flows disturbed by a superposition of small-amplitude unstable eigenmodes. First, a baseline configuration is studied to shed light on the flow dynamics of coaxial jet flows. Subsequently, LESs are performed for a range of Mach and Reynolds numbers to systematically analyze the influences of the temperature and the velocity ratios between the primary and the secondary (bypass) stream. The results provide a basis for a detailed analysis of fundamental flow-acoustic phenomena in the considered heated coaxial jet flows. Increasing the primary-jet temperature leads to an increase of fluctuation levels and to an amplification of far-field n...


We share the details of a simple algorithm which groups students based on diversity in gender and race while keeping the group average CGPA nearly equal. Application on simulated and actual class profiles gave multiple‐feasible solutions within seconds, with a maximum absolute deviation in group average CGPA of 0.03/4.00 or lower. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 582–590, 2011


The intention of this paper is to provide an overview on the subject of software project management. The overview includes concept of software quality. This paper also covers ISO 9126, quality standards, software quality, measurement technique and principles of quality management. Through this paper we are creating awareness among the people about this rising field of SPM. This paper also offers a comprehensive number of references for each concept of SOFTWARE QUALITY.


Wetland drainage has been intensively implemented globally, and it has exerted significant effects on wetland ecosystems. The effects of wetland drainage on the soil fungal community remain to be clarified. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0–5 and 5–10 cm in freshwater Phragmites australis wetlands to investigate changes in the fungal community before and after drainage (termed FW and DFW, respectively) using high-throughput sequencing of the fungal-specific internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) gene region. No significant differences in the α diversity of the soil fungal community were found in 0–10 cm soils between FW and DFW (p > 0.05), except for the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and Chao1 indices in 5–10 cm soils. Significantly higher values of ACE and Chao1 in 5–10 cm soils in FW than in DFW indicated that wetland drainage may reduce fungal community richness in 5–10 cm soils. Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, and Cephalothecaceae were the dominant fungal phylum, class, and family, respectively, in 0–5 and 5–10 cm soils of both FW and DFW, representing as high as 76.17, 58.22, and 45.21% of the fungal community in 5–10 FW soils, respectively. Saprotrophic fungi predominated in both FW and DFW. Drainage altered both the fungal community structure and some edaphic factors. Mantel tests and Spearman correlation analyses implied that edaphic factors [i.e., soil organic matter (SOM), electronic conductivity (EC), pH, and clay] also affected soil fungal community structure. Overall, wetland drainage altered the community structure of the fungal community in the freshwater wetlands.


Summary
Introduction.Primary Immunodeficiency diseases(PID) are common in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis(NCFB). Our objective was to determine ratio/types of PID in NCFB. Patients.Seventy NCFB patients followed up in a two-year period were enrolled. Results.Median age was 14 years (min.-max., 6-30). Patients had their first pulmonary infection at a median age of 6 months(min.-max., 0.5-84), were diagnosed with bronchiectasis at about 9 years(114 months)(min.-max., 2-276)). Male/female ratio was 39/31; parental consanguinity, 38.6%. PID, primary ciliary dyskinesis (PCD), bronchiolitis obliterans, rheumatic/autoimmune diseases, severe congenital heart disease and tuberculosis were evaluated as the most common causes of NCFB. About 40% of patients (n=16) had bronchial hyperreactivity(BH) and asthma. Twenty-nine patients(41.4%) had a PID, and nearly all (n=28) had primary antibody deficiency, including patients with combined T and B cell deficiency. PID and non-PID groups did not differ according to gender, parental consanguinity, age at first pneumonia, age of onset of chronic pulmonary symptoms, bronchiectasis, presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD), bronchial hyperreactivity(BH) and asthma (p>0.05). Admission to immunology clinic was about 3 years later in PID compared with non-PID group(p less than 0.001). Five patients got molecular diagnosis, X-linked agammaglobulinemia(n=2), LRBA deficiency(n=1), RASGRP1 deficiency(n=1), MHC Class II deficiency(n=1). They were given monthly IVIG and HSCT was performed for three patients. Conclusions.PID accounted for about 40% of NCFB. Early diagnosis/appropriate treatment have impact on clinical course of a PID patient. Thus, follow-up in also immunology clinics should be a routine for patients who experience pneumonia in the first year of their lives and those with NCFB. Most patients with NCFB (84.28%) had their first pulmonary infection within the first year of their lives.


Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channeling techniques have been used to investigate the crystalline quality and interfacial properties of epitaxially grown CeO2 and Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 films on yttria-stabilized ZrO2(111) substrates. Both films appear to have high crystalline quality with minimum yield of Ce in the CeO2and Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 films determined to be 4.7% and 12.1% respectively. Visibility of more Ce atoms to the ion beam at the interface compared to the bulk of the film indicates that both films show significant disorder at the interface. The normalized angular yield curves obtained from Ce and Zr indicate that the Ce atomic rows in the CeO2 film are parallel to the Zr atomic rows in the substrates. Approximately 88% of the Zr atoms substitutionally occupy the Ce cation lattice sites in the Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 film.


Abstract— The effect of steady‐state plasma concentrations on the salivary excretion of mexiletine was investigated following simultaneous bolus intravenous injection of the loading dose (2·7 or 16·1 mg kg−1) and constant‐rate intravenous infusion of the maintenance dose (15 or 102 μg min−1 kg−1) in male Wistar rats. Parotid and mandibular saliva was collected separately by stimulating salivation with a constant‐rate infusion of pilocarpine (50 μg kg−1 min−1) in each rat. The low and high steady‐state levels of mexiletine in blood plasma were attained at 0·259 + 0·123 and 1·616 ± 0·475 μg mL−1, respectively, within the first 1–2 h after drug administration. Similarly, the two different steady‐states in both parotid and mandibular saliva were attained. Although the mexiletine levels in both types of saliva were lower than that in plasma, the drug level in parotid saliva was always higher than that in mandibular saliva at any steady‐state (P < 0·001 or 0·01). In parotid saliva, the high steady‐state produced greater saliva to plasma drug concentration ratios (S/P ratio, 0·475 + 0·160) than that (0·386±0·131) at the low steady‐state (P < 0·05). The S/P ratio for mandibular saliva at the high (0·204 ± 0·060) steady‐state was also greater than that at the low (0·158 ± 0·050) steady‐state (P < 0·01). These changes in the S/P ratio could not be explained by the pH for either parotid or mandibular saliva, but partially by the change in the unbound fraction of the drug which tended to be consistent with that in the ratio for both salivary glands. These findings suggest that the salivary excretion of mexiletine may be dependent on the plasma unbound concentration in rats.


(100)/(001)-oriented epitaxial PbTiO3 films were grown on (100) SrTiO3 and (100) Nb-SrTiO3 substrates by MOCVD. The detailed domain structure of these films was analyzed by X-ray diffraction pattern and piezoresponse force microscopy. In thick films (over 1.1 mum), much more complex domain structure has been observed compared to thin films. Domain structures of thick films consist of one kind of c-domains (c1 ) and three kinds of a-domains (a1 , a2  and a3 ). The tilting angles of a 2/a 3 and a1 /c1  boundaries are about 3.6deg which corresponds to the inclination angle given by geometric calculation, 2arctan(c/a)-90deg, where a and c are lattice parameters of strain-free state of PbTiO3 . Other domain boundaries, a2 /c1  and a1/a3, are strained ones with rotation, and have not been observed in thinner films. It is assumed that this complex domain structure was formed through the strain relaxation of thick PbTiO3 films.


New York City officials want teens to listen up to its new campaign and turn down the volume on their headphones.


The effect of lime pre-treatment duration on some geotechnical properties of shale treated with cement for use as flexible pavement material was studied. Atterberg's limits, compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted on the natural shale and shale pre-treated with 0, 3, 6, and 9 % lime and allowed to mellow for 0, 24, and 48 hours, before it was treated with 0, 3, 6 and 9 % cement. Results of tests shows that lime pre treatment mellowing duration greatly enhance the suitability of shale treated with cement. 7 day UCS value of shale increased from 400kN/m 2 to peak value of 2311kN/m 2 when shale pre-treated with 9% lime was allowed to mellow for 48 hours before treatment with 9 % cement. CBR value of natural shale increased from 2.4 % to 112 % when shale pre-treated with 9 % lime and allowed to mellow for 48 hours was treated with 9 % cement. Shale pre-treated with 9 % lime and allowed to mellow for 48 hours before treatment with 6 % cement is recommended for use as road base material in lightly trafficked road and sub-base material of a heavily trafficked road. Keywords: Cement, Lime, Mellow, Pre-treatment, shale


Perennial grain crops intercropped with legumes are expected to use nitrogen (N) resources efficiently. A pot experiment using the 15N isotope dilution method demonstrated interspecific competition and use of N from the soil and N2 fixation in intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey, IWG) and white clover (Trifolium repens L., WC) intercrops at five species-relative frequencies and four levels of inorganic N fertilizer in a replacement series design. The proportion of N in WC derived from the atmosphere increased from 39.7% in a sole crop to 70.9% when intercropped with IWG, and 10.1% N in IWG transferred from WC. Intermediate wheatgrass showed high fitness with maintained high total dry matter production at low relative frequencies. Decreasing IWG-relative frequency only increased dry matter and N accumulation of WC, resulting in increased amounts of N2 fixed. Increased levels of N fertilization increased the proportion of N acquired from the fertilizer in IWG and WC but decreased the N fixed by WC and N absorbed by IWG from the soil. Our study indicates that WC supply sufficient fixed N2 for IWG intercrop biomass yields under appropriate levels of soil N fertility and species-relative frequencies.


Abstract: Investigations on the epizootics and aerobiology of Nomuraea rileyi were carried out at the main campus of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnatak, India during 2001 to 2002. Mycosis due to N. rileyi prevailed from 28 to 43 standard week during 2001 attaining peaks in 33 (16.74%) and 41 week (11.65%). During the succeeding year, it prevailed from 27 to 38 week with peak during 33 week (19.50%) only. Among the crops observed, epizootic was more in soybean followed by groundnut. Atmospheric spore load of N. rileyi failed to establish any definite relationship with disease incidence. Weather parameters prevailed during one and two weeks before disease incidence exhibited both positive and negative relationships of varied intensity with disease incidence than those prevailed during the same week. Investigations on the epizootics and aerobiology of Nomuraea rileyi were carried out at the main campus of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnatak, India during 2001 to 2002. Mycosis due to N. rileyi prevailed from 28 to 43 standard week during 2001 attaining peaks in 33 (16.74%) and 41 week (11.65%). During the succeeding year, it prevailed from 27 to 38 week with peak during 33 week (19.50%) only. Among the crops observed, epizootic was more in soybean followed by groundnut. Atmospheric spore load of N. rileyi failed to establish any definite relationship with disease incidence. Weather parameters prevailed during one and two weeks before disease incidence exhibited both positive and negative relationships of varied intensity with disease incidence than those prevailed during the same week.


Surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) is associated with very high peri-operative risk in the nonagenarian population.[1] Patients with severe aortic stenosis treated conservatively have high rates of mortality with poor quality of life and loss of independence.[1] Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been validated in the high risk elderly population as a viable alternative to surgery with comparable outcomes.[2],[3] Results from long term follow up of these patients suggest a clear benefit when compared to medical therapy with regards to mortality and morbidity.[3] However the outcomes and safety of TAVR in the nonagenarian cohort is not well understood. Recent cohort studies have suggested that nonagenarians post TAVR have comparable outcomes to younger patients.[4]–[6] Traditional surgical risk scores have been poor at predicting risk post TAVR and there is increasing use of other markers of risk such as frailty indices.[7]


In most countries anti-D immunoglobulin G (anti-D IgG) is given to rhesus (Rh)-negative women, although evidence is lacking for the need of this intervention after abortion in early pregnancy. This is especially true for medical abortion, which has been used increasingly in recent years. Mifepristone was approved for medical abortion in France in 1988 under the brand name of Mifegyne. The UK and Sweden followed in 1991 and 1992, respectively, and most other European countries in 2000. So far more than one million women have used this method in Europe alone, and the use is still increasing. The need for the application of immunoglobulin in medical abortion has never been evaluated. The necessity seems questionable when the intervention is performed in early pregnancy and in many cases even before a fetal heart rate can be demonstrated by ultrasound. The Swedish Board of Health and Welfare gave a recommendation against the use of anti-D IgG in early spontaneous or medical abortions in 1997. However, there is still no evidence-based analysis for or against prophylaxis. This leads to regional variations in the treatment of early abortion. This paper reviews publications on this subject with the particular aim of providing a background for recommendations or further research initiatives. A review of this kind could not be found in the literature, and has probably not been done recently.


Ag/Au/Pt composite catalyst has been fabricated by chemical and electrochemical methods. The catalyst is fabri- cated by the electrodeposition of 100 nm Ag nanoparticle, then Au is deposited by chemical reduction, and Pt is electrode- posited finally, the quantity of Au and Pt is reduced. The samples have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. In addition, the electrocata- lytic performance of composite electrode materials is measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) towards formic acid oxidation. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared Ag/Au/Pt composite catalyst with low Pt loading (0.71 μg/cm 2 ) shows much higher catalytic activity than that of the same amount of pure Pt catalyst towards formic acid electrooxidation, and the current density of direct oxidation for formic acid reaches 4541.42 mA/mg. On the other hand, the content of Pt has a significant influence on formic acid oxidation path. It is found that formic acid electrooxidation on the Ag/Au/Pt composite catalyst mainly follows the direct oxidation path only when the atomic ratio of Pt∶Au is less than 1∶10. The enhanced performance is mainly due to the increase of electrochemical active surface area (EASA) through CVs in H2SO4 solution. Moreover, the Ag/Au/Pt composite catalyst exhibits greater poisoning tolerance than that of pure Pt during formic acid electrooxidation, shown in the results of chronoamperometre (CA) measurement. The stability of composite catalyst is evaluated via recording the CV scans of 100 cycles of electrodes towards formic acid oxidation. At the 100th cycle, the current density of Ag/Au/Pt electrode just decreases 2.29%, which is far lower compared with the other electrodes. The CO stripping voltammogram in acid medium is recorded as well. The results show clearly that the CO stripping peak position of composite catalyst shifts negatively compared with that of the pure Pt catalyst in the mass. When the atomic ratio of Pt∶Au is 1∶6.0, the composite catalyst presents lowest peak potential for CO electrooxidation. Keywords composite catalyst; formic acid; electrocatalysis; direct oxidation; CO stripping


This paper summarizes a theoretical and an experimental approach to employ the Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) process to adjudge the feasibility of depositing overhang features. The DMD process is a process capable of directly manufacturing a fully dense metal part without the use of any intermediate steps. This process, comprised of a laser deposition setup coupled with a 5-axis CNC milling system, provides a capability to produce a finished part with superior surface qualities.. This paper discusses the issues and related tools in the feasibility of depositing an overhang structure using the hybrid deposition-machining process, including laser deposition process, system design and integration & process planning. A successful experimental work is also been carried out using one of the tools to justify the feasibility of the overhang structure. The preliminary model is constructed which resulted in a combination of 178.9 mm/min feed-rate and an angle of 34.9 degrees of laser incidence angle were determined to be the optimum process parameters in "extension mode" (4 axis) for maximizing the overhang distance.


Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications of diabetes, and due to the increasing number of patients with diabetes it is a growing concern. Diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy has a complex pathogenesis and histone deacetylase-mediated epigenetic processes are of prominent importance. The olfactory bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a protein that recognizes and binds acetylated lysine. It has been reported that the high expression of BRD4 is involved in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of BRD4 in the process of high glucose (HG)-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and to clarify whether epigenetic regulation involving BRD4 is an important mechanism. It was revealed that BRD4 expression levels were increased in H9C2 cells following 48 h of HG stimulation. This result was also observed in a diabetic rat model. Furthermore, HG stimulation resulted in the upregulation of the myocardial hypertrophy marker, atrial natriuretic peptide, the cytoskeletal protein α-actin and fibrosis-associated genes including transforming growth factor-β, SMAD family member 3, connective tissue growth factor and collagen, type 1, α1. However, administration of the specific BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 (250 nM) for 48 h reversed this phenomenon. Furthermore, protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation was activated by HG stimulation and suppressed by JQ1. In conclusion, BRD4 serves an important role in the pathogenesis of HG-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the AKT pathway.


Following the terminology for volcaniclastic rocks of McPhie et al. (1993), the Tepoztlán Formation is made up of tuffs and lavas, tuffaceous sandstones, conglomerates and breccias, originating from different transportational and dep ositional processes during or after volcanic eruptions (Fig. 2). In order to assign each deposit ional unit to a certain mode of transportation and deposition, their detailed petrography and lith ologic description is given here. The modal proportions of phenocrysts were measured for nine r epresentative samples of volcanic rocks (lava, blocks of block-and-ash flow deposits, litho clasts of pyroclastic flow deposits) by point counting (Fig. 3; Table 1). Furthermore, first resu lt on geochemical studies on the Tepoztlán Formation rocks are presented here. However, a deta iled discussion on geochemical signatures and petrological features is found in To rres-Alvarado et al. (in prep.).


The thermal decomposition of ethyl vinyl ether has been investigated behind reflected shocks over the temperature range from 890 to 1300 K and at a total gas density of approximately 1.0×10 −5 mol cm −3 by spectroscopic and gas chromatographic analyses. It was confirmed that the main process of the decomposition was the molecular elimination path (1) to form acetaldehyde and ethylene, CH 2 =CH−O−C 2 H 5 →CH 3 CHO+C 2 H 4 . The simple bond fission path (2) with the higher critical energy height, CH 2 =CH−O−C 2 H 5 →CH 2 CHO+C 2 H 5 , did not compete with path 1, at least in the temperature region below 1140 K. Ab initio MO calculations were performed on the 3-21 G level for four conformations of reactant and several transition states and products. The calculated Arrhenius parameters showed that the initial unimolecular step proceeded via the rigid six-center transition state; these parameters were in good agreement with the observed


Abstract Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) and other severe infections induce significant changes in the immune response in a considerable number of affected patients. Numerous IE patients develop a persistent functional immunological phenotype that can best be characterized by a profound anti-inflammation and/ or functional "anergy." This is pronounced in patients with unresolved infectious foci and was previously referred to as "injury-associated immunosuppression" (IAI). IAI can be assessed by measurement of the monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) expression, a global functional marker of immune competence. Persistence of IAI is associated with prolonged intensive care unit length of stay, increased secondary infection rates, and death. Immunomodulation to reverse IAI was shown beneficial in early immunostimulatory (randomized controlled) clinical trials. Methods: Prospective 1:1 randomized controlled clinical study to compare the course of mHLA-DR in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery for IE. Patients will receive either best standard of care plus cytokine adsorption during surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass (protocol A) versus best standard of care alone, that is, surgery without cytokine adsorption (protocol B). A total of 54 patients will be recruited and randomized. The primary endpoint is a change in quantitative expression of mHLA-DR (antibodies per cell on CD14+ monocytes/ macrophages, assessed using a quantitative standardized assay) from baseline (preoperation [pre-OP], visit 1) to day 1 post-OP (visit 4). Discussion: This randomized controlled clinical trial (RECReATE) will compare 2 clinical treatment protocols and will investigate whether cytokine adsorption restores monocytic immune competence (reflected by increased mHLA-DR expression) in patients with IE undergoing cardiac surgery. Trial registration: This protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, under number NCT03892174, first listed on March 27, 2019.


Protein self-association leads to toxic filamentous plaques believed to be the key reason behind several neurodegenerative diseases. Stabilization of the fibrillar architecture is guided by several forces; primarily electrostatic, hydrophobic, and the extent of hydrogen bonding. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, the effect of varying static electric fields on preformed fibrils of human serum albumin (HSA) in an electrowetting on dielectric type setup using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We have found appreciable and continuous reduction in the β-sheet content of HSA fibrils up to an applied field of ∼8 × 106 V m−1. The observed disruption of the fibrils has been attributed to the combined effects of electrostatic interactions and electrowetting phenomena. Kinetic studies indicate a prior intermediate formation followed by disruption of HSA fibrils after application of the electric field.


The two main themes of this study aim to resolve conflicting results in the literature regarding the thermodynamics of flat (uniform thickness) thin liquid films. One of the themes concerns the augmented Young equation, which is a condition for mechanical equilibrium. Two different expressions for the augmented Young equation have appeared in the literature. It is shown that under certain assumptions, the two expressions can be made equivalent. The second main theme addresses thermodynamic functions describing systems with non-pressure-volume (non-PV) work. In thin liquid films, the non-PV work is the film tension work. Two different expressions that relate the film's Gibbs energy to its internal energy have appeared in the literature. This ambiguity is resolved by showing that only one of the Gibbs energies can be used to determine the equilibrium state via energy minimization. The analysis can be readily generalized to systems with other types of non-PV work. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3104–3115, 2015


In most states, all costs associated with building new power plants and other facilities are born by the owning utility until the facility becomes useful to customers. For a nuclear plant, this means that a utility must raise several billion dollars in capital over a period of 10 to 20 years, often undergrowing pressures to cancel the project. None of the possible ways of mitigating rate shock is free of controversy, but the objective should be to do that which is most equitable and has least adverse effects. The basic options are discussed, and all but one involves phasing in over time the full economic effects of the new plant. The impacts on average electricity price of three of the seven approaches are illustrated.


BACKGROUND: Oral health is an essential component of health throughout life. However, millions of children suffer from dental problems. AIM: To evaluate the oral health status of welfare hostel students.


In order to study the earthquake behavior of a 8-storied,big-bay isolated building with small-size concrete block in earthquake regions of intensity 7,a 3-dimensional finite-element model with ANSYS was proposed.Sandwich rubber bearings were simulated between the foundation and the bottom of the model structure,and the mode analysis was undertaken before and after isolation,a model at 1/4 scale of the masonry building was designed and fabricated by theory of similitude,the results show that the sandwich rubber bearings can extend the natural period of vibration and can reduce the quake response of the upside structure,the relative error of the finite element and experiment result is less than 5%,the finite element model of the masonry structure is correct.


(57) Abstract: The present invention is a substance having oxytocin activity in order to obtain a good feeling, and to produce the admission relates to the use. The present invention also includes a material having at least one oxytocin activity in order to obtain a good feeling, and / or relates to a composition for producing the acceptance. The present invention also includes a material and at least one fragrance or flavoring agent having at least one oxytocin activity, to compositions for producing the acceptance.


Can be made a stain-removing composition as a solid block, stable, substantially homogeneous, and intended for general cleaning and cleaning of hard surfaces such as floors of various surface compositions. The material of the single solid block contains substantially active concentrations of substances Liquid acids but as a stable solid. We can spread the solid acid detergent using a spray by creating a concentrate which can then be diluted in a suitable proportion to form the use solution. It can be applied to a variety of soils subject to acid cleaning, including those containing water hardness components, the inorganic dirt and the like. They may be used alone or in combination stain acids with other cleaning by a cleaning protocol in hospital and industrial environments where there is a wide spectrum of contaminated residues.


Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the role of preoperative low dose intravenous MgSO4 when given adjuvant to ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in augmenting postcesarean analgesic effects and reducing opioid requirements during the first 24 hours. Subjects and Methods: In this prospective, randomized double blind study, a total of sixty full term pregnant women were recruited for the study underwent caesarean section. Thirty patients were assigned to MgSO4 group (A) and another thirty to placebo group (B). Participants in group (A) received 50 mg/kg MgSO4 in 100 ml isotonic saline intravenous (IV) over 20 minutes prior to induction of general anesthesia by 30 minutes while participants in group (B) received 100 ml isotonic saline (placebo) by the same route and over the same duration as control. Results: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was analysed within 24 hours postoperatively. The mean pain score at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively was significantly lower in MgSO4 group compared to control group (40.4 ± 5.12 vs 53.6 ± 4.92; 26.1 ± 3.01 vs 35.5 ± 3.98 respectively, p = 0.012, 0.005). Comparing both groups regarding the mean time interval of first rescue analgesia (morphine sulphate) requested by the patients, it was longer in MgSO4 group compared to control group. The total dose of rescue analgesia consumed during 24 hours was analysed and it was significantly higher in control group compared to MgSO4 group (10.1 ± 0.95 vs 6.2 ± 0.87, p = 0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that preoperative low doses (50 mg/Kg) of MgSO4 with general anesthesia combined with ultrasound guided TAP block offer longer postoperative pain free periods thus reducing total opioid consumption. In addition to the safety of the drug to the mother and fetus so we recommend IV MgSO4 as an adjuvant therapy with TAP block.


The systematic positions of two ocypodoid crabs, Paracleistostoma dentatum Tesch, 1918, and P. fossulum Barnard, 1955,have been uncertain because each were described from single female specimens, with Ng et al. (2008) referring them pro-visionally to the Dotillidae and Varunidae, respectively. Stevcic (2011) recently established two new genera, Lazarocleis- tostoma Stevcic, 2011, and Brankocleistostoma Stevcic, 2011, for P. dentatum Tesch, 1918, and P. fossulum Barnard,1955, respectively. He also recognised two new families, Lazarocleistostomidae Stevcic, 2011, and Brankocleistostomi-dae Stevcic, 2011, for these genera. Examination of the types and fresh material of P. fossulum indicates that while bothgenera are valid, the families are not justified. Brankocleistostoma is a dotillid; while Lazarocleistostoma is a varunid(subfamily Gaeticinae). The tribe Gopkittisakini Stevcic, 2011 (type genus Gopkittisak Naruse & Clark, 2009), is also shown to be a junior synonym of Gaeticinae.


Agricultural production decisions can affect ecosystem function and environmental quality. Environmental restoration policies can, in turn, affect the profitability of the agricultural sector. A dynamic model of agricultural production, soil loss, and water retention in the Everglades Agricultural Area is developed to assess agricultural impacts under alternative water policy and land acquisition scenarios. Copyright 2001, Oxford University Press.


Karlos Arregi (University of Chicago) & Asia Pietraszko (University of Connecticut) Existent analyses of do-support share one basic feature: do is required by a particular head (typically T) due to some special requirement of that head (e.g. its affixal nature). We argue that this characterization of dosupport is incorrect and instead propose that do-support arises as spellout of lexical verb chains when their integrity is disrupted. The analysis correctly predicts that do can surface in a variety of positions (sections 2–3) and is not due to failure to satisfy affixal properties of a particular head (section 4).


Along with the gradual development of population aging, the alteration of labor aged population is expressed as both the change of labor aged population scale and the variations of the age structure of labor aged population. Therefore, when we analyze the social and economic influence of the alteration of labor aged population in the course of population ageing, we must consider the social and economic influence of the change of labor aged population scale and the variations of the age structure of labor aged population. The topic just proceeds from these two aspects,and applies the methods of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to the analysis of the social and economic influence of the alteration of labor aged population in Shanghai City in the course of population ageing.


A new hybrid model that combines wavelets and an artificial neural network (ANN) called the wavelet neural network (WNN) model is proposed and applied for time series modelling of river flow. Time series of daily river flow of the Malaprabha River basin (Karnataka state, India) were analysed by the WNN model. The observed time series are decomposed into sub-series using a discrete wavelet transform and then an appropriate sub-series is used as input to the neural network for forecasting hydrological variables. The hybrid model (WNN) was compared with the standard ANN and auto-regressive (AR) models. The WNN model was able to provide a good fit with the observed data, especially the peak values during testing. The benchmark results from WNN model applications show that the hybrid model produces better results than the ANN and AR models in estimating hydrograph properties.


Isotopically enriched 700e and 740e single crystals were successfully grown by a newly developed vertical Bridgman method. The system allows us to reliably grow high purity Ge single crystals of approximately 1 cm3 volume. To our knowledge, we have grown the first 700e single crystal. The electrically active chemical impurity concentration for both crystals was found to be -2xl012 cm-3 which is two order of magnitude better that of 74Ge crystals previously grown by two different groups. [1,2] Isotopic enrichment of the 70Ge and the 74Ge crystals is 96.3% and 96.8%, respectively. The residual chemical impurities present in both crystals were 'identified as phosphorus, copper, aluminum, and indium. A wide variety of experiments which take advantage of the isotopic purity of our crystals are discussed. ,


Surface-functionalized core-shell magnetic particles were obtained by reacting the hydroxyl groups on the surface of pre-prepared magnetite particles with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that epoxy silane molecules were chemically bound onto the surface of magnetite particles through Fe—O—Si linkages. As proved by atomic force microscopy and environmental scanning microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, particles with average core diameter and shell width of about 700 and 70 nm, respectively, were obtained. The covered magnetite particles showed a lower saturation magnetization (46 emu g 1) as compared to the uncoated magnetite (64 emu g 1).


This article provides the analysis of two models of housing market financing: share participation and project financing of developers. Currently share participation that involves financial borrowing from individuals and legal entities for housing development sector is well developed in Russia. Both proprietary investments and loan funds can be borrowed. At the same time this model has some problems and risks. The study analyses some statistics showing that share participation as it works today is not able to provide the population with housing. And it is mostly for risks but not for the cost value that makes the procedure troublesome. One of the possible risks is the risk of incompleted construction through the increase in the cost of construction materials and operations. There is a risk of the lack of financing as a result of the falling incomes of the population that leads to the decrease in demand in the housing market. Finally, there can be fraud on the part of the developer. Project financing is currently developed in foreign countries, but in Russia it has been recently launched. In Russia the implementation of this model has encountered a number of problems. Beyond that, the model does not function to the full extent in comparison to foreign countries. However, measures expected in the near future could allow providing the population with housing without customers' taking the risk, and, on the other hand, raising funds for developers throughout the process of constructing buildings up to the transfer of the ownership. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


The process of soft x-ray generation involves transitions from electron orbitals that are involved in bonding, and thus the peak shape and position of soft x-ray lines are sensitive to the local chemical environment. X-ray transitions from KLM and N shell are now routinely observed and in the case of SXES higher order reflections are commonly observed. This creates both problems and benefits for microanalysis: quantification becomes problematic when the x-ray line shape and position varies with composition, but the x-ray line shape and position carry information about the chemical bonding allowing the microanalysis to yield more than just the chemical concentrations.


Abstract. The effect of five S-alkylisothiouroflium iodides on the corrosion of steel in 1.0M HCl was investigated. Gasometry, mass-loss and d.c. polarization techniques were used at 30°C for chemical and electrochemical studies. The chemical study was also used to investigate the effect of temperature in the range (30°C ـــ 70°C). The obtained data showed that the inhibition efficiency of the studied compounds was increased with the increase of chain length of the additive alkyl group. An adsorption mechanism was also suggested for the inhibition process by those compounds.
 The thermodynamic constants: free energy of adsorption, activation energy, enthalpy and entropy of activation and Tafel constants were also recorded.


The present invention relates to an image display control apparatus and a control method for an image display. A method of detecting an object approaching a display control apparatus and method for image display. The movement or position of the object relative to the display controller causes the image presented on the display for viewing. In response to a particular moving object, images can be scrolled on the display order, or may jump to a specific image. Jump interval can be set optionally presented on the display menu.


1. The authors correctly report that a reasonable outcome following an ACL tear can be expected either by conservative or surgical treatment. This is indeed the case so much so that a distinction between "copers" and "non copers" has been made in the literature. However, it should be also clarified to the readers that the indications for surgery depends on a number of variables including patients' level of activity and their willingness to modify it, response to rehabilitation, instability episodes despite activity modifications and rehabilitation. In other words, assigning patients with an ACL tear to either a conservative or surgical intervention is not based on an equivalent spectrum of symptoms and physical findings. An important point is also represented by the role a surgeon may play in indicating surgery versus a conservative treatment.


>Zirconium and Hf are produced by carbidization, melting, and acid dissolution and melting of zircon or baddeleyite ores with fluosilicate to form Zr salts, then fractional crystallization or TBP extraction to separate Zr and Hf and subsequent electrolysis of melted salts, and application of Kroll or van Arkel methods to obtain pure Zr. The corrosion resistance, mechanical, thermionic, chemical, and physical properties of Zr and Hf used for nuclear reactors, electronic, and chemical processing equipment are also given. (P.C.H.)


4 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTER 2: FORMULATING THE CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE 6 CHAPTER 3: THE MORAL LAW'S APPLICATION TO MAXIMS 12 CHAPTER 4: SPECIFYING THE LAW OF SELF-LOVE 16 CHAPTER 5: THE LAW OF SELF-LOVE AND THE SUICIDE EXAMPLE 18 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 25 REFERENCES 26


Inadequate serum levels of antimycobacterial drugs have been associated with treatment failure, relapse and acquired drug resistance as well as high concentrations of these drugs may cause intolerance and toxic effects. We objected in this study to determine serum concentrations of antituberculosis drugs and to know the determinants of their concentrations. Venous blood samples was obtained 2 and 6 h after drug ingestion, and serum levels of drugs were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography. Among 49 enrolled active pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the prevalances of a low concentration of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide were 28.6,


Abstract (1) Seven hydroxyanthraquinone pigments were separated from Sochiken soil 1 (Kuroboku soil). Chrysotalunin, chrysophanoi, chrysazin, and skyrln were identified by spectroscopy and co-chromatography with authentic compounds. The presence of oxyskyrin was presumed by spectroscopy and color reactions. (2) A homologue of 4,9-dihydroxyperylene-3, 10-quinone was also detected. (3) The amounts of hydroxyanthraqulnones in eight soils of different types were determined by colorimetry using chrysotalunin as a standard pigment. Their amounts varied from 3 to 11 ppm. (4) The main pigment extracted from most soils was chrysotalunin, though it was not detected in Miyahara, Higashiyama, and Kisokoma soils.


Discipline was an enduring concept in the works of John Milton (1608-1674), yet its meaning shifted over the course of his career: initially he held that it denoted ecclesiastical order, but gradually he turned to representing it as self-willed pious action. My thesis examines this transformation by analysing Milton's complex engagement in two distinct periods: the 1640s and the 1660s-70s. In Of Reformation (1641), Milton echoed popular contemporary demands for a reformation of church discipline, but also asserted through radical literary experimentation that poetry could discipline the nation too (Chapter 1). Reflecting his dislike for intolerant Presbyterians in Parliament and the Westminster Assembly, the two versions of The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce (1643 and 1644) reconsider discipline as a moral imperative for all men, rooted in domestic liberty (Chapter 2). Although written long after this period, the long poetry that Milton composed after the Restoration reveals his continued interrogation of the concept. The invocations of the term 'discipline' by Milton's angels in Paradise Lost (1667) sought to encourage dissenting readers to faithfulness and co-operation (Chapter 3). Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes (1671) advance the concept in the language of 'piety,' emphasising that 'pious hearts' are the precondition for godly action in opposition to contemporary Anglican 'holy living' (Chapter 4). In analysing Milton's shifting concept of discipline, my thesis contributes to scholarship by showing his sensitivity to contemporary mainstream religious ideas, outlining the Christian—as opposed to republican or Stoic—notions of praxis that informed his ethics, and emphasising the disciplinary aspect of his doctrinal thought. Overall, it holds that in discipline, as word and concept, Milton expressed his faith in the capacity of writing to change its reader, morally and spiritually.


Abstract In this paper, the nonlinear vibrations of string with time‐varying length and a weight at one end are investigated. A set of nonlinear, time‐varying differential equations describing this system was derived by using Hamilton's principle. An approximated model was made by variable‐domain finite element formulation. Numerical results are presented for the parabolic and sinusoidal axial‐motions of the string. Finally, the linear and nonlinear effects on the transient amplitudes are also compared.


Infrastructure and Facility are capital for region's life. Therefore, Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Knowledge must be developed and implemented. Jurnal Manajemen Aset Infrastruktur & Fasilitas was established for developing this. The development needs a framework. A Knowledge Development Framework has been thought and formulated. The framework is presented by concept mapping. It consists of  an Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Conceptual Model, an Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Basic Model and 6 Basic Knowledges. The 6 Basic Knowledges are about : the Infrastructure & Facility, Infrastructure & Facility Managing Organization, Infrastrucutre & Facility Asset Management, Organization Management, Tools for Analyses, and Related Software can be used for Asset Management


During the last sixty years there have been at least seven full-length biographies of Bram Stoker, the author of Dracula. This is an impressive tally compared to the number of biographies during the same period of Sir Henry Irving, the great actor to whom Stoker dedicated most of his working life (two biographies); and Sir Hall Caine, the popular novelist to whom he dedicated Dracula (just one). The most recent Stoker biography, David J. Skal's Something in the Blood: The Untold Story of Bram Stoker, TheManWhoWrote Dracula, attracted a respectable amount of attention fromweekly reviewers when it appeared in 2016. But there is little sign that in the longer term Stoker scholarship will regard it as preeminent over the other six or endorse its claim to present the "untold story"; many of Skal's stories have been told before. Several reviewers did note a relatively new emphasis on Hall Caine as a person of interest; unlike most Stoker biographers, Skal devotes a whole chapter to Caine and his potential significance. Again, this story is far from untold, and most of the topics explored – including speculation about Caine's sexuality, and about his early entanglement with Francis Tumblety, later a Ripper suspect – are predictable. Hidden away towards the end of the chapter, however, there is a less sensational but genuinely new discovery about a possible connection between Caine and Stoker, which certainly merits further attention and for which Skal deserves credit. This is the observation that there are a "striking number of similarities" (294) betweenDracula and Hall Caine'sDrink: A Love Story on a Great Question. Although this book was not published until 1906, nine years after the first edition ofDracula, Skal asserts that the story it contains was actually first published in serial form around 1890, making it a possible source for Stoker, who started writing Dracula around the same time. Dracula, of course, does not lack known sources. Stoker's research for the novel is well documented; and almost every aspect of his life, career, and interests have been mined for intertextual clues to where particular features of this remarkable book may have come from. Nevertheless, Skal is quite right to flag up the possible connection with Drink, not previously noted, as certain features of Caine's narrative correspond in such detail to Stoker's that it is difficult to believe there was not some sort of relationship between the two compositions. Skal notes first that the names of Caine's two main characters, Harcourt the young lawyer, and Lucy the newly-engaged young woman, correspond closely to Harker (also a lawyer) and Lucy in Dracula. He then retells the part of Caine's story which evokes other resemblances: Lucy is found to be suffering from a mysterious illness, which makes her leave her home at night, climb out of a window, and generally act like someone possessed by, in her own words, a "fiend" (21). To try to cure her, her anxious fiancé engages the services of an unconventional medical practitioner with a non-English name (in Drink La Mothe, in Dracula Van Helsing) who uses hypnotism to put Lucy in a trance – an action carried out numerous times on Mina in Dracula. Before he engages the hypnotist, Harcourt attends a public demonstration of hypnotism, in which the subject, a man, is first discovered apparently asleep in a coffin-like casket – a scenario reminiscent of that in Dracula in which Harker discovers the Count lying unconscious in a coffin. To these details noted by Skal one or two others can be noted from elsewhere in Caine's narrative. Just as in the blood transfusion and staking scenes in Dracula, Lucy's treatment in Drink is carried out in front of a group of interested men, each with a distinctive social profile (in Drink a doctor, a clergyman and a lawyer – in Dracula a doctor, an aristocrat and an American). After the first treatment, Harcourt and La Mothe are initially euphoric, but Harcourt


Ionized degree of Ar plasma in capillary discharge soft X-ray laser or Extreme Ultraviolet Lithographic (EUVL) source research was an important parameter which determined the wavelength of the plasma source. According to the characteristics of capillary discharge and the data from literature, we deduced an experiential expression of ion- ized degree of Ar plasma in capillary discharge by analogy method. With the first set of capillary discharge EUVL source demonstrative device in China, the spectra of Ar plasma was studied. It was found from experiment that either 30 Pa Ar gas discharged by peak pulse current of ~28 kA or 40 Pa Ar gas discharged by peak pulse current of ~34 kA could produce Ar 7+ ion. While the simulating results showed that it was necessary for the 30 Pa and 40 Pa Ar gas to be ionized to Ar 7+ ion by peak pulse current of 24.4 - 39 kA and 32.7 - 52.3 kA respectively. These results proved that the experien-


Ca3Co4O9+δ ceramics doped with different content Ce were prepared by sol-gel method.The samples were characterized by TG-DSC,XRD and SEM.The effects of Ce doping content on conductivity,Seebeck coefficient and power factor of obtained samples were studied.The results showed that the morphology of cross section display a lamellar structure.As the Ce-doping content increasing,the transport mechanism changed,Seebeck coefficient of the samples firstly increased and then decreased,while the conductivity and pow er factor decreased.


The COVID-19 pandemic globally disrupted workplaces, including at academic institutions. Many clinical and research activities were paused and, when clinics and laboratories reopened, operations and workflows had changed. These changes were often stressful. We examined the changes in the quality and quantity of sleep for University of Minnesota health sciences faculty to understand the impact of these disruptions.

 A cross-sectional survey of 291 University of Minnesota health sciences faculty was conducted over the months of April-June 2021 aimed at gaining insight into their lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey included validated measures and general questions developed using survey best practices. Information on personal demographics (gender, race, caregiver status etc.), academic demographics (rank, track, school, etc.), reflective sleep quantity (e.g. hours) and reflective sleep quality were collected through self-report. Associations between gender (e.g. men/women), sleep quantity and quality pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19 were examined using summary statistics as well as the chi-square test and T-test with statistical significance set to < 0.05.

 In general, the study population reported fewer hours of sleep since the COVID-19 pandemic began (µ=6.96) in comparison to before the COVID-19 pandemic (µ=7.23), t(285) = -5.04, p<.001, 95% CI [-0.37.-0.16]. Survey respondents also reported that their quality of sleep was "moderately" restful (N=160) prior to the pandemic but only "somewhat" restful (N=120) during the pandemic, X2(9)=123.59, p<.0001. Demographics (gender and race), caregiver status, and academic attributes (rank, track, school) will be reported.

 The COVID-19 pandemic impacted academicians' sleep quality and quantity. Understanding these changes is important for promoting wellbeing and resilience in academic healthcare.

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This paper is concerned with the decay estimate of solutions to the semilinear wave equation subject to two localized dampings in a bounded domain. The first one is of the nonlinear Kelvin-Voigt type and is distributed around a neighborhood of the boundary according to the Geometric Control Condition. While the second one is a frictional damping and we consider it hurting the geometric condition of control. We show uniform decay rate results of the corresponding energy for all initial data taken in bounded sets of finite energy phase-space. The proof is based on obtaining an observability inequality which combines unique continuation properties and the tools of the Microlocal Analysis Theory.


Wavelet feature tracking method based on particle filter is proposed. Particle filter aims to implement Bayesian filter based on Monte Carlo simulation, and it is a practical method for computing posterior PDF(probability density function). Gabor wavelet network (GWN) is used to describe the features of the object. The description is robust to illuminate variation and noise. The parameters of the wavelets are computed by optimization procedure. The tracking framework is based on particle filter and each particle figures one kind of possible GWN. The weights of the particles are proportional to the correlation values and the posterior PDF of the object is denoted by the sum of the weighted particles. Different from the "peak-tracking" based method, tracking with particle filters is robust as a result of multimodality. Combined with GWN description, the method has strong ability to track under local obstruction.


Insurance industry is one of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Assessment of future number of claims and incurred losses is critical for disaster preparedness and risk management. In this project, we study the effect of precipitation on a joint dynamics of weatherinduced home insurance claims and losses. We discuss utility and limitations of such machine learning procedures as Support Vector Machines and Artificial Neural Networks, in forecasting future claim dynamics and evaluating associated uncertainties. We illustrate our approach by application to attribution analysis and forecasting of weather-induced home insurance claims in a middle-sized city in the Canadian Prairies.


In this paper, we describe the results from an academic and industry collaboration to address the bulk tank allocation problem for industrial gas distribution systems where customer demand varies over time. The bulk tank allocation problem determines the preferred size of bulk tanks to assign to customer sites to minimize recurring gas distribution costs and initial tank installation costs. The problem is modeled as a mixed-integer programming model, and three solution approaches are presented. In the first two approaches, the problem is decomposed and a restricted master problem is solved. The third approach is a two phase periodically restricting heuristic approach. The results demonstrate the opportunities for substantial improvements in resource allocation and reductions in


22 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. Abstract — Pristine and Co doped SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous solution by facile chemical co-precipitation method with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a capping agent. The as prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD patterns revealed that particles of all samples were crystallized in single phase rutile type tetragonal crystal structure (P42/mnm) of SnO2. TEM images indicated spherical shape of nanoparticles with a size ranging from 25-35 nm. FTIR spectra suggested that the PEG simply coexisted with the SnO2 surface nanoparticles and inhibited the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. Magnetization measurements revealed that all the Co doped SnO2 nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetic signal which became stronger with increasing Co content. Variation of ferromagnetic order with Co content from vibration sample magnetometer is endorsed to the anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) interactions among the magnetic ions as anticipated by the bound magnetic polarons (BMP) theory.


Background: Transition from foetal to neonatal life is associated with major changes in hemogram due to homeostatic control. There are very wide ranges of hemogram levels that seem to be abnormally high or low in healthy term neonate at birth and during first week of life but these were actually normal for that neonatal period depending upon gestational and post-natal age.Method: Hemogram was studied in 100 normal term neonates born in RNT medical college during June 2009 to Dec 2009.Results: The ranges of various hemogram indices at birth, 24 hours, 48 hours and 7 days are as follows: Hemoglobin 12.2-23.2 gm/dl, 11.6-22.8 gm/dl, 11.5-21.3 gm/dl and 11.3-21.3 gm/dl respectively. Hematocrit 36.8-64.3%, 35.2-61.3%, 34.4-60.6% and 32.2-60.1% respectively. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 82.2-126.5 fl, 82.5-126.1 fl, 82.1-126.3 fl and 80.5-126.4 fl respectively. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 26.2-40.9 pg, 26.0-39.7 pg, 26-40.5 pg and 25.4-39.4 pg respectively. MCH concentration (MCHC) 29.6-38 g/dl, 28.5-37.7 g/dl, 28.4-38.6 g/dl and 28.4-38.5 g/dl respectively. Total red blood cell count (TRBC) 3.7-6.9×106/µl, 3.3-6.9×106/µl, 3.3-6.7×106/µl and 3.3-6.3×106/µl respectively.Conclusions: Hemoglobin level falls in early life in healthy term neonate. Also, there is wide range of RBC parameters in healthy term neonates. The normal values of hemogram in neonates are different from other age groups and it varies with postnatal age and gestational age. A reference range derived from large neonatal datasets of varied gestational and postnatal age should be used such as those presented here for healthy term neonates.


This paper presents the design of an H/sub /spl infin// based robust static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) supplementary controller to suppress the subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in the series-compensated system. The modified IEEE second benchmark, System-1 model is employed for this study. In order to design the effective controller, the modal observability to the oscillation modes is considered. Comprehensive time domain simulation studies using the nonlinear system model show that the proposed H/sub /spl infin// SSSC supplementary controller can suppress the SSR efficiently in spite of the variations of power system operating conditions.


Objective To study the protective effect and possible molecular mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 on myocardial cell apoptosis induced by 60Co.Methods Apoptosis was induced by 60Co.Here we detected the efficiency of cell apoptosis with Flow cytometry and TUNEL.Combined with RT-PCR and Western blotting technology were used to study the expression of cell apoptosis relating genes and protein.Results The apoptosis percentage of normal control group was (7.07±0.99)%; 4 Gy60Co irradiated group was (44.99±2.52)%; in 4 Gy60Co+5 mg/L Rg1 and 4 Gy60Co+50 mg/L Rg1 groups were (39.47±0.84)% and (33.16±1.73)% respectively; Rg1 could obviously reduce myocardial cell apoptosis and its related gene caspase-3,Bax,as well as the expression of related protein p-JNK,p-p38,at the same time raise the expression of P-ERK.Conclusion Rg1 plays an obvious protective role in 60Co irradiating myocardial cell apoptosis model.The mechanism of protective function probably relates to inhibiting the over-expressing of apoptosis-related gene caspase-3,Bax.Besides,the JNK,ERK and p38 kinase signal gateway may participate in the myocardial cell protection.


Review(s) of: UNESCO 2011. Freedom of information: The right to know, by Paris: UNESCO. World Press Freedom Day 2010 (e-publication).


A germline IgVκ gene, A 30 is preferentially used for antibodies against selfantigens including DNA. A 30 may thus be autoantibody associated IgVκ gene. The A 30 gene is receptor edited in circulating B lymphocytes from normal individuals. SLE B lymphocytes failed to edit the A 30 gene, leading to the production of anti DNA autoantibody. Recombination activating gene (RAG) expression is essential for the receptor editing. Thus, expression of RAG proteins by peripheral blood mature B lymphocytes of normal subjects and patients with SLE has been analyzed. Normal B cells did not express RAG proteins spontaneously, and after activation withStaphylococcus aureusand IL-2, the B cells expressed RAGs. Recombination signal sequence (RSS) binding activity was verified by a gel shift assay in the nuclear proteins of activated B cells. Usage of a most downstream Jκ, Jκ 5, was evident in activated B cells expressing RAGs. λ chain and intracellular RAGs were simultaneously expressed on the purified κ + B cells after activation. Both findings suggest secondary light chain rearrangement in mature B cells. Some of RAG-expressing B cells could have failed in productive secondary rearrangement and they died via apoptosis. Thus, RAG expressing B cells would revise their surface Ig or would die, leading to elimination of the autoreactive B cells.We found that anti-DNA autoantibody secreting B cells in patients with SLE did not express RAG spontaneously nor even after activation. Thus anti-DNA secreting B cells did not revise their Ig gene nor die via apoptosis, causing them to develop and persist autoantibody secretion by SLE B cells. These results suggest that failure of RAG reexpression in anti-DNA secreting B cells may be important for autoantibody production of SLE patients.


Haslingden & District Indoor Bowling League has been providing competitive bowling for Haslingden and the surrounding area for almost 30 years. Run by volunteers, the league has provided an opportunity for 24 teams to play indoor bowls at Haslingden Sports Centre.


Using operator-theoretic-methods, we give some characterizations for a dual generalized frame of a generalized frame in a separable Hilbert space H. We also prove a result concerning two strongly disjiont generalized frames.


A combined approach of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR) under in operando conditions on polycrystalline materials is presented. This approach allows tracking of material changes of amorphous or crystalline nature in the near-surface region. Crystalline phases formed in operando can be identified by X-ray diffraction, while by XRR measurements information about the thickness and the density of overlayers is obtained. The setup also allows collection of data generated with higher incident angles which permit a direct comparison of the changes close to the surface and in the bulk of the materials. Results for the composition In52Pd48 – a mixture of the intermetallic compounds InPd and In3Pd2 catalyzing the steam reforming of methanol – in reducing atmosphere and under methanol steam reforming (MSR) conditions are presented. InPd exhibits a dynamic behavior, reacting to changes in atmosphere and temperature. The combination of GIXRD and XRR proves to be a powerful tool to examine model catalysts under catalytically relevant conditions providing complementary information to other methods.


The Second Maiden's Tragedy and The Duke of Milan, explores the idolatrous object of desire; chapter 4, on The Revenger's Tragedy and The Duchess of Malfi, looks at the sexualized and reproductive power of the corpse, its semianimate aspects; and the final chapter, on Macbeth and Hamlet, explores the "interstitial ambience" between life and death. The conceptual core of the book is the second chapter, "Body Imaging and Religious Reform," in which Zimmerman provides the central historical arguments about the Reformation and changing ideas about the culture of death. Exploring such topics as Resurrection, the Eucharist, purgatory, and the fate of the soul after death, she maps the medieval and Catholic inheritance, turning in the last part of the chapter to a convincing close analysis of the 1547 homily on idolatry and Foxe's Acts and Monuments. Because Protestant iconoclasts sought to discard the material body in order to focus on an invisible soul, she argues, the corpse becomes a conflicted site both for reformers and for playwrights. The presence, or indeed the performance, of the cadaver inevitably evokes changing conceptions of body-soul relations, and nowhere more insistently than in the Middleton and Massinger plays that stage necrophilia. The considerable strengths of this book lie in its analysis of the effect of Reformation ideology on the theater's representation of the corpse and in Zimmerman's subtle invocation of psychoanalytic theory as a way of understanding early modern culture. Although Zimmerman says that the discourses of anatomy will inform her study, her reference to the medical context is limited to a tantalizingly brief mention of Vesalius and to a discussion of Katharine Park's work on anatomy and burial practices. While it would have been instructive to have her discuss the theatricality of dissection — the dramatic rhetoric of treatises, the theatricality of medical illustration, the nature of the anatomy theaters themselves — in relation to the drama of the period, her interpretations of the plays are complex and powerful. Her reading of Ferdinand's lycanthropy and what it reveals about the body's relation to its own inside and outside in The Duchess of Malfi makes brilliant sense of the play's preoccupation with corpses. Her final chapter on Macbeth and Hamlet offers a persuasive charting of that liminal domain between life and death, which is both a prevalent a feature of these plays and which becomes inseparable from our understanding of early modern subjectivity. ELIZABETH D. HARVEY University of Toronto


Out of 4,453,156 higher education enrollments in Brazil, 60.1% involve night college programs. The number is high for this type of education system and has increased annually, as the system allows students to work by day to earn money for college. This fact has demanded that the workeducation relationship become closer, thus leading Private Higher Education Institutions to give high priority to the "professional development" of their students. The State should give job creation incentives by means of public policies; companies should contribute to professional specialization of their employees and the education system should offer – besides professional development – human and citizen development. The speed of technological evolution nowadays has imposed a continuous process of changes and adaptations on a globalized and neoliberal economy, which holds the state, corporations and the school on its frail tripod.


Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency (also called ascorbic acid). Its clinical manifestations are varied because this vitamin is a cofactor of enzymes that take part in numerous processes, such as the synthesis of collagen and the absorption of different nutrients. Cutaneous expression of scurvy is follicular petechiae with corkscrew hairs. Mucous involvement manifests as gingival hypertrophy and bleeding, gingivitis and loss of teeth.The diagnosis of this entity is clinical and can be confirmed by plasma or leukocyte vitamin C dosing. The treatment consists of vitamin C supplementation.
We present a 32-year-old male patient with scurvy secondary to a diet based almost exclusively on flour and lacking in fruits and vegetables.


This paper describes the development of the motorcycle (MC) model and validation using a MC – wall Full Scale Test (FST). Individual components like the seat, tires and shock absorbers were tested as per procedures given in ISO13232 [5] and their FE models were validated against the component test data. A crash test of the motorcycle with a rigid wall had been conducted. There is a reasonable match between wall forces in the FST and simulation.


A broadband decoupling structure using magnetic coupling resonators (MCRs) is proposed in this paper. Two closely patch antennas are designed as reference antenna, and the distance from edge to edge is 0.5 mm (0.01λ0at 6.5 GHz). The MCRs are placed around the two patch antennas, which can suppress the transmission of surface waves between the antennas, and can broaden the impedance bandwidth of the antenna as parasitic elements. The measured results show the isolation of the two antennas is higher than 20 dB in the 5.9-7.13 GHz frequency band, and the reflection coefficient can be kept below -10 dB. Simultaneously, other radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna are good.