This bachelor thesis shows the possibility of using the life story of a client with dementia symptoms in the care of his person in a residential facility for seniors in the department with special regime. That approach will be towards dignified care for older persons using elements of client's biography in connection with the competencies of the caregivers. In the thesis I deal with the concepts, such as demographic data, healthy aging, a phenomenon of dementia, care options for clients with dementia disease at a special regime, where a legislative framework and institutional forms of care play the role. Other part shows a psychobiography model, which is focused on the target group of seniors with changed behaviour. Another part is focused on a specific work with a biography, where on an example of life stories of two clients are documented the possible directions of care to offer the services to the elderly people and to maintain and support their quality of life.


Objective To investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation( PNF) in the rehabilitation of patients with lower extremity hemiparalysis after cerebral apoplexy. Methods Sixty hemiplegic patients after cerebral apoplexy were randomly divided into observation group and control group,thirty patients in each group. The patients of both groups were treated with routine drug treatment. The control group were given acupuncture,physical treatment and other rehabilitation meas-ures. Based on the control group,observation group was added PNF. Barther index was used to assess the activities of daily living and the Fugl-meyer was used to assess the function of lower extremity between two group before and after rehabilitative treatment. Results Two months after treatment of observation group and control group,both Barthel index scores and Fugl-meyer scores were higher compared with before treatment ( P 0. 01 ). There were significant differences of Fugl-meyer and Barthel index scores difference before and after rehabilitation between the observation group and control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion Reasonable utilization of PNF and antagonistic muscle retroconversion techniques can improve the motor function of lower extremity by degrading cramp and promoting segregation behaviors.


Objective: This study aims to investigate the expression and significance of JARID1B/KDM5B and P16 in intraductal proliferative lesions and invasive ductal cancer of the breast. Methods: The S-P immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of JARID1B/KDM5B and P16 in each lesion. Results: The positive expression of JARID1B/KDM5B in normal breast tissue, usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH), flat epithelial atypical hyperplasia (FEA), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was observed in 7.39%, 9.68%, 41.18%, 47.83%, 45.45%, and 74.43% cases respectively. The difference in expression of JARID1B/KDM5B was statistically significant between normal breast tissue and FEA, ADH, DCIS, and IDC (P<0.05). No statistical difference was seen between normal breast tissue and UDH (P>0.05), and between FEA, ADH, and DCIS (P>0.05). The positive expression of P16 in normal breast tissue, UDH, FEA, ADH, DCIS, and IDC was observed in 82.95%, 80.65%, 70.59%, 73.91%, 36.36%, and 35.80% cases respectively. The difference in expression of p16 was statistically significant between normal breast tissue, UDH, FEA, ADH, DCIS, and IDC (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between normal breast tissue, UDH, FEA, and ADH (P>0.05), respectively, and between DCIS and IDC (P>0.05), demonstrating a negative correlated expression of P16 and JARID1B/KDM5B in intraductal proliferative lesions and invasive ductal cancer of the breast. Conclusions: JARID1B/KDM5B and P16 can be used in differential diagnosis of intraductal proliferative lesions and invasive ductal cancer of the breast.


The latest building seismic design code includes the isolation structure design.The further research on the base isolation standardization process of building structure becomes the development trend of the future building seismic design.In this paper,time-history analysis method was used to analyze the multilayer frame isolation building in the earthquake under the action of seismic effect.We analyzed and compared seismic effects for both the actual isolated building of eight-layer frame structure and the traditional seismic building,and established the framework computing model by ABUQUS software.The ordinary laminated rubber bearing(RB) and lead core rubber bearings(LRB) were taken respectively as the basic seismic isolation scheme and then El-centro seismic wave was imported into the bottom of the frame structure model.The analytical results about seismic performance show that both RB and LRB schemes are superior to traditional scheme and RB scheme is slightly better than LRB.


I analyze the relationship between economics and politics across eight parliamentary elections in four transition countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. I argue that support for reform reflects the balance between positive and negative effects of the reform. Accordingly, I identify economic groups that support or oppose the reform. The former are private entrepreneurs, white collar workers and university educated voters. The latter are the unemployed, retirees, and blue collar and agricultural workers. This general pattern holds both within countries and across countries, and across tenures of different governments. In contrast with the responsibility hypothesis, voters in the transition countries are found to be forward looking, not retrospective.


Under s 19AC of the Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA) it is an offence to drive a motor vehicle negligently, recklessly or at a speed or in a manner that is dangerous to any person in order


The increasing involvement of private and civil society actors in European environmental governance is a constant theme of this book. As discussed there, European environmental governance has become a classic instance of what is often termed 'networked' governance, whereby centralised bodies 'have become increasingly dependent upon the cooperation and joint resource mobilization of policy actors outside their hierarchical control'. This chapter considers the extent to which private actors play a role in the enforcement of EU environmental law, as a counterpart to the public enforcement of EU environmental law by the European Commission and Member State national authorities discussed in Chapter 6. Private Enforcement of EU Environmental Law at National Level Direct Effect of EU Environmental Law Overview The force of international law in a given national legal system is, according to traditional conceptions, decided upon according to the principles of that legal system. Certain States may choose to adopt the position that international law effectively forms part of the same legal system as domestic law, such that norms passed at international level which the State is bound by may also be relied upon directly before national courts (an approach typically known as the 'monist' approach to international law). Other States may choose to view the domestic legal system and international legal system as distinct, such that international norms – even those ratified by the State in question – only become part of the domestic legal system if a domestic law is passed transposing or incorporating that norm which achieves this (an approach typically known as the 'dualist' approach to international law). The CJEU, however, has since the outset famously developed its own constitutional principles governing the force which, in its view, must be accorded to (what is now) EU law within national legal orders. In its seminal 1964 judgment in Costa v. ENEL , the CJEU established the principle of supremacy of EU law over national law, meaning that, in the event of a conflict between a provision of national law and a provision of EU law, a national court must give precedence to the latter.


In this work, we have proposed an Augmented Linear Discriminant Analysis (ALDA) approach to identify identical twins. It learns a common subspace that not only can identify from which family the individual comes, but also can distinguish between individuals within the same family. We evaluate the ALDA against the traditional LDA approach for subspace learning on the Notre Dame twin database. We have shown that the proposed ALDA method with the aid of facial asymmetry features significantly outperforms other well-established facial descriptors (LBP, LTP, LTrP), and the ALDA subspace method does a much better job in distinguishing identical twins than LDA. We are able to achieve 48.50% VR at 0.1% FAR for identifying family membership of identical twin individuals in the crowd and an averaged 82.58% VR at 0.1% FAR for verifying identical twin individuals within the same family, a significant improvement over traditional descriptors and traditional LDA method.


Objective:To explore the significance of testing myocardial enzyme and hs-CRP to HFMD′s diagnosis and treatment on early stage in children′s patients.Methods:Testing serum myocardial enzyme(α-HBDH,CK,CK-MB) and hs-CRP′s level on early stage of 110 children′s patients with HFMD,and randomly selecting 60 healthy children in the same period as control group.Results:The level of serum CK,CK-MB,hs-CRP and incidence of myocardial injury on HFMD′s early stage were all significantly higher than those of the control group(P0.01),yet Level of α-HBDH were no significant difference compared with the control group(P0.05).The level of serum CK-MB,hs-CRP and incidence of myocardial injury in high risk factors group were all higher than general HFMD group(P0.05),yet Level of CK were no significant difference compared with the general HFMD group(P0.05).Conclusion:CK-MB has high specificity to predict myocardial injury,and hs-CRP is a sensitive indicator on early lesions,yet they are not sensitive and specific indicator together on HFMD′s early stage,and testing serum myocardial enzyme combining with hs-CRP may provide scientific basis to HFMD′s diagnosis and treatment on early stage.


It is estimated that approximately 1.25 million people will suffer a new or recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) in the United States this year. Myocardial necrosis begins within minutes of coronary artery occlusion and progresses rapidly. As a result, prompt diagnosis of MI is essential to facilitate myocardial reperfusion within the 4to 6-hour window for maximal myocardial salvage. Unfortunately, as many as 25% of MIs go unrecognized because of the lack of classic symptoms, and 10%–20% of acutely occluded arteries do not produce diagnostic ST segment elevation on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Because of this clinical uncertainty, the diagnosis of MI is often made or excluded on the basis of elevated cardiac biomarkers. Cardiac-specific troponin I (cTnI) and troponin T have become the "gold standards" for the diagnosis of MI because of their high sensitivities and specificities in comparison with other biomarkers for myocardial injury such as creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) isoenzyme and myoglobin. The current cutoff for the diagnosis of MI is set as the 99th percentile of that observed in a healthy population. Although this low cutoff increases the sensitivity of the troponin assays for the detection of MI, it necessarily reduces their specificity, because small troponin elevations are frequently observed in cardiac conditions not primarily associated with ischemia, such as myocarditis, valvular heart disease, and heart failure. Small troponin elevations are also observed in several noncardiac conditions, including sepsis, cerebovascular accident, burns, and renal failure. Diagnosing an MI requires interpreting elevations in cardiac biomarkers within the specific clinical context. Postoperative cardiac complications are an important source of mortality associated with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Clinicians need to immediately diagnose a postoperative MI to attenuate myocardial injury and improve outcome. Unfortunately, many of the typical signs and symptoms of MI are obscured in patients after CABG. Diagnosis is further complicated by the fact that serum biomarkers, especially troponins, are routinely elevated in the postoperative period, even in patients destined for an otherwise uneventful recovery. Elevations in postoperative troponin levels are considered primary evidence of postoperative MI due to graft failure or native coronary artery occlusion. However, postoperative troponin levels are also elevated by preoperative myocardial injury, myocardial ischemia during aortic cross-clamping, or incomplete myocardial revascularization. The challenge in accurately identifying postoperative MI is highlighted in a prospective study by Alter et al., who followed 1000 patients after CABG surgery and performed coronary angiography on all patients with elevated CK-MB isoenzyme ( 35 U/L measured 6 hours after surgery), ischemic ST segment changes on ECG, or both. Of the 40 patients with suspected MI, only 13 (33%) had occlusion of a graft or native vessel. The other 27 patients had no evidence for coronary perfusion insufficiency. In this issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia, Muehlschlegel et al. compare the performance of heart-type fatty acid–binding protein (hFABP) to traditional cardiac biomarkers in predicting adverse outcome after CABG surgery. hFABP is a small (15 kDa) fatty acid transporter protein located in abundance in the cytosol of tissues with active fatty acid metabolism, such as the heart and kidney. The kinetics of hFABP tissue release resemble those of myoglobin with appearance in the blood within 1 to 3 hours after the onset of myocardial ischemia followed by rapid clearance in those with normal kidney function. Even though hFABP is present in skeletal muscle, kidney, and brain, its relatively high concentration in the heart permits the diagnosis of MI with approximately the same specificity as CK-MB. The study cohort included 1298 patients undergoing primary CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) who were enrolled in a parent study evaluating the use of genetic markers to predict outcome after CABG surgery. In a prior analysis of the same study population, Muehlschlegel et al. found that an elevated cTnI on postoperative day 1, but not an elevated CK-MB or perioperative ECG changes, predicted adverse clinical outcome with a 1.4-fold (P 0.01) increased risk of death at 5 years. The present study compared the ability of hFABP with that of cTnI, CK-MB, and myoglobin in predicting 5-year mortality, From the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.


For resolving reliable operation problem of the high performance computer distributed power supply system′s bus voltage under hot swapping.This paper make the reserch and layout for the related parameter of the TPS2490 hot swappable controller by analyzing it.Devising hot swappable circuit aim to high electric voltage,big power,testing a result and expecting to agree with,the system function design and function request already all realizations,resolving the stability problem of the bus voltage and system,at same time that system has good power supply quality,high reliability,being easy to a maintenance advantages.


The technical objective of IBM's Systems Application Architecture (SAA) is to provide computer customers with the technology they need to create systems of distributed data bases across the entire IBM product line. This book offers expert advice to those in the IS departments of large organizations on how to determine if SAA can solve their distributed data base problems, how to develop specific policies and practices for managing corporate data, and how to efficiently utilize PC image processing and knowledge-based data bases.


In the Model Based Testing domain, one of the bottleneck elements is the tests generation (time or reachability). In literature, one of the efficient solutions to evaluate a formula is to use an SMT solver. However the input language, SMT-lib, used by the solvers is not adapted to human modelling. To model we choose to use a sufficient sub-part of UML/OCL for Model Based Testing generation, called UML4MBT. This sub-part has been formalized with a meta-model. In this paper, we define the SMT meta-model and we describe the transformation rules from the UML4MBT meta-model to the SMT meta-model. We give the results of the experiments on a first implementation of the rules.


(2+ 1) dimensional gravity [81]-[85] exhibits novel features of interest. There are several important differences between the three and four dimensional problems. First of all the divergences in the gravitation action induced by scalar loops in 4 dimensions can, by power counting, be proportional to 1, R, R2, RJ.lvRJ.lV and Ro:{3"(~Ro:{3"(~ (or suitable combinations of them). In three dimensions the situation is simplified, as the only candidates are 1 and R [82]. General relativity is a geometric theory of spacetime, and quantizing gravity means quantizing spacetime itself. Ordinary quantum field theory is local, but the fundamental physical observables of quantum gravity are necessarily nonlocal. Ordinary quantum field theory takes causality as a fundamental postulate, but in quantum gravity the spacetime geometry and the causal structure, are themselves subject to quantum fluctuations. Again, perturbative quantum field theory depends on the existence


Natural gas is now an important source of energy. However, especially in developing countries, lignite and anthracite will also be used for the generation of electrical energy, and power stations utilizing these energy resources for steam production will also play an important role in the future. The minimization of the capital costs required to build new steam-power stations leads to the extensive use of ferrite-martensite steels, or martensite steels for all the main components in boilers and turbines 1. For modern power stations the operating conditions are defined as follows: • 540 oC/18 MPa • 600 oC /30 MPa • 720 oC /37.5 MPa expected for the future The applied materials were analyzed for their creep rupture strength under the following conditions: • short-term creep behavior up to t = 10 000 h • long-term creep test up to t = 100 000 h In Figure 12 the chemical analysis and the creep resistance is given for some classic and newly developed steels. The 1CrMoV steel has been used for a very long time and is considered as a classic steel. The steels with an increased content of Cr up to 9–12 % with addition of Nb and B are considered as newly developed types. The newly developed steels can be, in comparison to classic materials, applied in operating conditions with increased steam temperatures of 30-70 °C. The steels for


Two odorant receptors,the parial DNA sequences AcOr1,AcOr2(Genbank accession number: JN544932,JN544931) of Apis cerana Fabricius were cloned using PCR.The aim was to explore the evolutionary diversity of conventional and atypical odorant receptors among related species.The cloned fragments of AcOr1 and AcOr2 were 1 247 bp and 1 138 bp in length,and contained 4 and 2 introns respectively.The coding region lengths were 682 bp and 686 bp respectively.Sequence alignment showed that genome sequences were highly divergent in different insects of A.cerana,A.mellifera and Bombus terrestris with minimum identity of 56%(AcOr1—BtOr82a-like).These differences were primarily due to variation in nucleotides and intron length,although amino acid sequences shared high identity(≥85%).Compared with AcOr1,AcOr2 appears to be a relatively conservative odorant receptor in Hymenopteran insects.


To assess any method of management for Meniere's disease! is a very difficult task, even if the symptom complex is clear cut, that is, if there are intermittent paroyxsmal attacks of vertigo, with nausea and vomiting, with tinnitus and some deafness in one or both ears. As far as could be made out, from an analysis of our cases of true Meniere's disease, with a follow-up of at least six months (most were over a year) some improvement almost invariably follows careful workup, and especially hospitalization, no matter what treatment is used. This paradox poses a real problem in the assessing of any condition, which often manifests long free intervals without striking symptoms.


The Ptilotus parvifolius complex is revised and five species are recognised: P. parvifolius (F.Muell.) F.Muell., P. remotiflorus Benl, P. disparilis Lally, sp. nov., P. propinquus Lally, sp. nov. and P. whitei (J.M.Black) Lally, comb. nov. Descriptions and distribution maps are provided, and the new species are illustrated.


Within the vertebrate eye, bc crystallins are extremely stable lens proteins that are uniquely adapted to increase refractory power while maintaining transparency. Unlike a crystallins, which are well-characterized, multifunctional proteins that have important functions both in and out of the lens, bc lens crystallins are a diverse group of proteins with no clear ancestral or contemporary nonlens role. We carried out phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses of the bccrystallin superfamily in order to study the evolutionary history of the cN crystallins, a recently discovered, biochemically atypical family suggested to possess a divergent or ancestral function. By including nonlens, bc-motifcontaining sequences in our analysis as outgroups, we confirmed the phylogenetic position of the cN family as sister to other c crystallins. Using maximum likelihood codon models to estimate lineage-specific nonsynonymous-tosynonymous rate ratios revealed strong positive selection in all of the early lineages within the bc family, with the striking exception of the lineage leading to the cN crystallins which was characterized by strong purifying selection. Branch-site analysis, used to identify candidate sites involved in functional divergence between cN crystallins and its sister clade containing all other c crystallins, identified several positively selected changes at sites of known functional importance in the bc crystallin protein structure. Further analyses of a fish-specific cN crystallin gene duplication revealed a more recent episode of positive selection in only one of the two descendant lineages (cN2). Finally, from the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, we isolated complete cN1 and cN2 coding sequence data from cDNA and partial coding sequence data from genomic DNA in order to confirm the presence of a novel cN2 intron, discovered through data mining of two pufferfish genomes. We conclude that the function of the cN family likely resembles the ancestral vertebrate bc crystallin more than other bc families. Furthermore, owing to the presence of an additional intron in some fish cN2 crystallins, and the inferred action of positive selection following the fish-specific cN duplication, we suggest that further study of fish cN crystallins will be critical in further elucidating possible ancestral functions of cN crystallins and any nonstructural role they may have.


Conceive what is life, Who are we? is essential to begin reasoning about the humanity of the human being and to understand the existence of others and the interactions between all through the order, disorder, organization and disorganization.1 People are biological beings, with biogenetic unit and physically animated, with biochemical unit1 they are immersed in a basic and complex discussion: When something comes to life? in order to understand their own existence that goes from what he declared as the cosmic and biological rootedness.


In 1989, 20-year-old South Korean college student Lim Su-gyeong crossed the Military Demarcation Line between the two Koreas while thousands of spectators around the world witnessed this controversial act. To this day, citizens of both Koreas cannot cross the border freely without both Korean governments' permission, which is nearly impossible to obtain. Hence, when Lim visited North Korea, unbeknownst to the South Korean government, to participate in the 13th World Festival of Youth and Students as a one-person delegation representing the League of South Korean University Students, she shocked many with her daring act, which eventually resulted in her imprisonment in South Korea. She was vilified for breaching the National Security Law, therefore causing a huge embarrassment to the South Korean intelligence community, but enjoyed a completely opposite reception in the North. Dubbed the "Flower of Reunification," Lim was hailed by the North Korean government as a heroic martyr who sacrificed herself at the altar of Korean reunification. Every step of the journey of this unusual South Korean visitor was memorialized in the North Korean documentary film Praise to Lim Su-gyeong, the Flower of Unification (Janghada, Tongilui kkot Lim Su-gyeong, Naenara Video Jejakso, Pyongyang, 1989), which challenges viewers accustomed to equating the North Korean brand of heroism almost entirely with the canonization of Kim leadership. How does this young South Korean female citizen figure in the long-standing North Korean tradition of identifying male leaders as the legitimate agents of national heroism? What can be gleaned from this North Korean documentary film about how the state remembers the trauma of partition? This article traces the journey of Lim Su-gyeong, one of the most controversial South Korean sojourners to have visited North Korea, as a way of exploring the politics of memory in North Korean documentary film. This article also poses challenges to the overwhelming tendency in scholarship concerning North Korea, which has focused on the figure of the founding father, Kim Il-sung, as the centripetal force of the national personality cult. In the process, the way the North Korean state envisions gender politics and the utopian notion of inter-Korean citizenship will be explored in tandem.


Fabrication of optical components such as passive optics (mirrors, prisms, lenses) or active optics (polarizer's, laser gain media, adaptive optics) starts from a bulk material and reaches to the required size and shape. To achieve the required specification of the component, a series of process has to be followed from grinding to polishing stage. Initially, in grinding stage, material removal is faster, with more surface damage and less geometric control. During polishing stage, material removal is slower, with no surface damage but with greater geometric control. Hence, to achieve good surface quality, the component or work piece has to be controlled from grinding stage. We present an advanced surface and fractal analysis study on fused silica samples processed with different grit sizes such as 3, 5, 12, and 25 μm aluminium oxide (Al2O3) abrasives. The maximum sub surface damage (SSD) with respect to size of the abrasive grain ranged between 30 μm to 5 μm in empirical module. In theoretical module it varied from 45 μm to 5.4 μm for fused silica glass, mediated with loose abrasive aluminium oxide powder of 25 μm and 3 μm respectively. An experimental investigation is reported on the increasing effect of Al2O3 grit sizes on the surface topography such as average roughness (Ra), which varied from 57 nm to 847 nm for 3 μm and 25 μm Al2O3 abrasives respectively. Three-dimensional image analysis was captured through Phase Shift Interferometry (PSI) and Coherence Correlation Interferometer (CCI) technique. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) technique was utilized to characterize the Al2O3 powders and the processed fused silica samples. Later, the images have been analysed using two-dimensional multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (2D-MFDFA) to understand and confirm the multiple fractal nature on fused silica samples caused by varying grit size of Al2O3 abrasives.


Prediction of deep-seated landslides by heavy rainfall needs combination of two complementary approaches that focus on geological and geomorphological predisposition of hillslopes, and hydrological triggering of final slope destabilization. Analyses of topography and rainfall history will provide a clue to understand processes leading to deep-seated landslides in mountainous landscape. This study reports the case of deep-seated landslides caused by typhoon 12 in 2011, in Kii Mountains, Japan. A GIS-based topographic analysis revealed the distribution of potential hillslope instability in the terrain, and hence offered an interpretation for location of the landslides. Timing and motion of several landslides are reconstructed by seismic-wave records. We examined relationships between preceding rainfall and volume or speed of sliding mass to evaluate threshold conditions leading to landslides.


Total ion yield measurements following inner-shell ionization are commonly compared to absorption spectra because they manifest similar behavior. The individual charge-state yields can, however, give much more information, which can aid in identifying features in the absorption spectrum, as well as display qualitatively new behavior. Using time-of-flight mass spectrometry to study the K-shell ionizations of Ar we can trace the origin of prominent features in the absorption spectrum to a single-charge state, demonstrate the coupling of different charge states by the post-collision interaction (PCI), and trace the onset of multiple excitations at energies far above threshold.


Iodine is essential for normal development, and its deficiency can cause growth retardation and irreversible brain damage. Nowadays, the main source of iodine is iodised salt. However, in many countries discretional use of salt (cooking and table salt) is increasingly being replaced by salt from processed foods. This situation has raised concern about the risk of iodine inadequacy if the food industry does not use iodised salt. The study by Johner et al. published in this issue of the British Journal of Nutrition was motivated by such concern. High intake of salt has been linked to high blood pressure and hence CVD. For addressing this preventable health risk, the WHO has recommended reducing salt intake to less than 5 g/d in adult populations. Reduction of dietary salt should not jeopardise the supply of iodine if the content of this mineral is adjusted upward to compensate for lower salt intakes. However, in order to implement any change in the iodine content of salt, it is important to monitor intakes of both salt and iodine. A practical way to measure those intakes is through their 24-h excretion in urine. Salt is not consumed independently from foods but as part of meals; therefore daily intake is directly correlated with energy intake. Consequently, iodine delivered through salt keeps direct correlation with energy intake. This direct association with total energy intake explains why daily excretions of iodine are greater in males than in females, and why the differences among groups disappear when the 24-h excretion is divided by the daily energy intake. Johner et al. confirmed such findings. The difference in daily iodine excretion between groups could be maintained in terms of urinary iodine concentration (UIC) only if daily urinary volumes were also similar. This was the case in this study with German boys and girls aged 6–12 years: both the 24-h iodine excretion and UIC revealed differences between the groups. If the daily urinary volumes are different, as for example between school-age children and reproductive-age women, the UIC value depends on the urinary volume rather than on the 24-h iodine excretion. This is the reason why the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the USA found that children aged 6–11 years and adults older than 70 years showed the highest values of UIC. A way to compensate for the urine dilution is dividing the iodine content by the creatinine content. This may work in theory, because creatinine is excreted according to muscle activity, which is closely associated to energy intake. However, the intra-individual variations of both iodine and creatinine excretions make the results of UIC/creatinine very difficult to interpret. Results from African populations with low protein intake, and hence lower than common urinary creatinine excretion, forced WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD to recommend the use of UIC in absolute terms. A population median of 100mg/l was selected as the reference point at which a population may be at risk of iodine inadequacy. This simple criterion has been very useful to start programmes and to monitor their performance worldwide. For children aged 6–12 years, who are frequently used as the reference to assess the iodine intake of the population, a median of 100mg/l as the UIC means an average intake of 78mg/d, assuming a daily urinary volume of 0·7 litres and 90 % excretion of this iodine intake through urine. This iodine intake is just slightly above the estimated average requirements (EAR) for this age group (65–73mg/d). However, for women (1·9 litres of urinary daily volume), a median of 100mg/l of UIC predicts a daily iodine intake of 211mg/d, which is 2·2 times larger than the corresponding EAR value (95mg/d). These calculations exemplify that direct comparisons of UIC are neither valid among cohorts nor valid for populations living under different climatic conditions, because the daily urinary volumes can vary greatly. The WHO introduced the value of 150mg/l as the specific UIC reference median to identify iodine inadequacy in pregnant women, based on the higher iodine requirements for this physiological stage (160mg/d). This criterion has already been used to assert that some subgroups of reproductive-age women in the USA may be at risk of iodine deficiency. Regardless of the potential risk of iodine inadequacy in segments of the US population, the results presented by Johner et al. illustrate the weakness of using UIC values without additional supporting evidence. The median UIC of German children was 110mg/l in 2004–6, and 98mg/l in 2007–9, a statistically significant difference. If the WHO recommendation is applied strictly, Germany would have passed from iodine sufficiency to iodine insufficiency in such a short time period. However, based on the 24-h iodine excretion, the median iodine intake decreased only from 86 to 83mg/d in the 2-year periods that were compared, British Journal of Nutrition (2011), 106, 1630–1631 doi:10.1017/S0007114511005514 q The Author 2011


The influence of heat treatment parameters on a new kind R5 mooring chain steel was studied by orthogonal test.The optimized heat treatment process is determined.The results show that the tempering temperature and tempering time have a relatively great influence on tensile strength,yield strength and their ratio.The optimized heat treatment process is:950 ℃quenching in 10%brine and then 550 ℃tempering for 60 min,water cooling.


Single crystals of two new charge-transfer compounds, anthracene-F4TCNQ and tetracene-F4TCNQ, were grown by physical vapor transport. Both of these crystals have a 1 : 1 donor : acceptor stoichiometry and mixed stacking structure. The charge-transfer degrees at room temperature are estimated to be 0.051–0.089e and 0.086–0.148e for anthracene-F4TCNQ and tetracene-F4TCNQ, respectively. The CN stretching frequency depends linearly on the charge-transfer degree. A single-crystal field-effect transistor made from tetracene-F4TCNQ has average and maximum mobilities of ∼10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 0.006 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, and an on/off ratio of ∼105. The tetracene-F4TCNQ charge-transfer single crystals exhibit good photoresponse and on–off switching.


A trademark is any recognizable sign that identifies products/services and distinguishes them from others. Many regional and international intellectual property offices are dedicated to dealing with trademark registration processes. The registration process involves examining the trademark to ensure there is no confusion or interference similarity to any other prior registered trademark. Due to the increasing number of registered trademarks annually, the current manual examining approach is becoming insufficient and more susceptible to human error. As such, there is potential for machine learning applications and deep learning, in particular, to enhance the examination process by providing an automated image detection system to be used by the examiners to facilitate and improve the accuracy of the examination process. Therefore, this paper proposed a trademark similarity detection system using deep-learning techniques to extract image features automatically in order to retrieve a trademark based on shape similarity. Two pretrained convolutional neural networks (VGGNet and ResNet) were individually used to extract image features. Then, their performance was compared. Subsequently, the extracted features were used to calculate the similarity between a new trademark and each of those registered using the Euclidean distance. Thereafter, the system retrieved the most similar trademark to the query according to the smallest distances. As a result, the system achieved an average rank of 67,067.788, a normalized average rank of 0.0725, and a mean average precision of 0.774 on the Middle East Technical University dataset, which displays a promising application in detecting trademark similarity.


Abstract The projected nursing shortage has become a reality. Since the majority of nursing students are recruited from high schools, it is imperative that high school counselors be well informed about professional nursing. The purpose of this 20-item survey, completed by 189 high school counselors, was to assess counselors' knowledge of professional nursing with regard to the educational process, career options, potential salaries, and potential for upward mobility. Through factor analysis, two scales were developed that addressed the influence of gender and ethnicity on counselors' perceptions: the Diversification Scale, on nursing as a diversified field, and the Professional Field Scale, on nursing as a profession. The majority of high school counselors reported that they were well informed about the nursing profession.


Recently several approaches have been presented that exploit the ability of Physarum polycephalum to connect several food sources via a network of pipes in order to maintain an efficient food distribution inside the organism. These approaches use the mechanisms found in nature in order to solve a technical problem, namely the design of constructing faulttolerant and efficient connection networks. These works comprise experiments with a real slime mold Physarum polycephalum as well as computer simulations based on a tubular model and an agent-based approach. In this work, we study the suitability of those bio-inspired approaches and compare their performance to a graph-theoretic algorithm for construction of fault-tolerant connection networks, the (k, t)-spanner algorithm. The graphtheoretic algorithm is able to construct graphs with a certain degree of fault tolerance as well as meet a given maximal path length between two arbitrary nodes. However the definition of fault tolerance in previous bio-inspired works differs to that used in graph theory. Thus in our contribution we analyze the bio-inspired approaches as well as the graph-theoretic approach for their efficiency of designing optimal fault-tolerant graphs. We demonstrate the usability of the graph-theoretic approach despite relying on a different definition of fault tolerance. We conclude that classical efficient computational algorithms from graph theory can be adapted and applied in the same field as the bio-inspired approaches for the problem of constructing efficient fault tolerant networks. They often provide an easier to use and more direct solution than bio-inspired approaches, that need more parameter tuning before getting satisfactory results.


Proper working conditions must be one of the employers' main concerns in any type of company but particularly in work locations where the employees are chronically exposed to hazardous compounds, like factories and production lines. Regarding this challenge, the present research addresses the mapping of a car factory painting line to possibly toxic volatile organic compounds emitted by all the coatings and chemicals used during the work shifts for the future evaluation of employees' exposure. For the first time, a Gas Chromatography–Ion Mobility Spectrometry device was employed for the in situ detection of volatile organic compounds in an automotive factory. A total of 26 analytes were detected at nine different locations, of which 15 VOCs were accurately identified. Pure chemical-grade substances were used for the development of the VOC database. Although quantitative analysis was not the goal of this study, a calibration model was presented to one analyte for exemplificative purposes. Relative intensity profiles were plotted for all locations, revealing that some indoor VOCs can reach intensity levels up to 60 times higher than in outdoor air samples. The achieved results proved that the painting line has an abundant number of VOCs emitted from different sources and may lead to serious health risks for the employees. Additional studies shall be developed in the painting line for quantitative evaluation of the existing VOCs and their influence on the employees' health conditions.


Women are more vulnerable in health and family planning and this vulnerability is more in–depth in coastal area. The study was done to determine the reproductive characteristics and nutritional status of women in coastal area. It was conducted in Moheshkhali upazila of Cox's Bazar district in 2013 among 220 purposively selected coastal women of reproductive age. Face to face interview was done through pretested questionnaire. Average age of the respondents was 26.5 years. Almost 60% of them were Muslims and 44% were illiterate. The average monthly family income and family size was Tk-6968.18 and 5.8 respectively. More than half (56%) of the respondents had history of regular use of contraceptives and oral pill was the most common type of contraceptive. Average number of children was 2.95. More than half of them (54%) had history of home delivery. More than one-third (34%) of them were under nourished. Nutritional status was significantly associated with income (p<0.05). Majority of them got early marriage (70%) but early marriage was not significantly associated with their nutritional status. Age at first pregnancy and parity of the respondents were in significant state with the nutritional status of women of coastal area (p<0.05). Socio-demographic disparity should be reduced to improve the nutritional status by improving the reproductive health of coastal women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22881 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 38-41


As a major center of academic information resources, the data room of the university journal is a special academic salon for all the teachers and scholars to gain the latest documentary information, whose function is irreplaceable by the library or the data room of the departments. The university shall deeply exploit the information resources of the journal's data room, so as to increase the utilization rate of the journal's documents and farthest exert its due function by integrating and processing its information resources.


Supercapacitors are characterized by high energy and power density. For those reasons, it is possible to use them as a highly efficient sources of energy. The possibility of using supercapacitors grow along with a reduction in their size while maintaining the above mentioned parameters. The fulfillment of this objective requires the use of modern materials for the construction of ultracapacitors (how supercapacitors are also described), such as nanomaterials. Recently, due to the great electrical and mechanical properties and high specific surface, carbon nanotubes, as a material for supercapacitors electrodes manufacturing, are being investigated. This article presents results of parameters calculation based on finite element method, obtained for supercapacitors models. In the described models used for simulation, electrodes are made of carbon nanotubes, obtained by synthesis using LSCVD method.


Mulberry are mainly used as food for the silkworms and they are eaten as vegetable or used as cattle fodder in different parts of the world. Mulberry fruit is well known as a good source of anthocyanins with many biological activities. Mulberry ( Morus nigra ) is a fruit not known only for its nutritional qualities and its flavour, but also for its traditional use in natural medicine as it has a high content of active therapeutic compounds. In this study, the effect of the Morus nigra L., black mulberry fruit extract supplement on the biology of mulberry silkworm was investigated. Fruits were extracted by cold-water method. The mulberry leaves were dipped in the fruit extract. The treated leaves were offered to the last larval instar of silkworm at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100%. The results indicated that mulberry fruit extract enhanced the biology of silkworm and silk production. The concentration of 50% of fruit extract gave the best results. Which improve the mean weight of mature larvae by 23%, fresh cocoon by 38.2%, pupae by 40.9% and cocoon shell by 20.9% over the control.


In order to the PAL-XFEL, the 1 st stage will be to build a test machine, whose design parameters are presented here. It will be a 200 MeV machine that has the target wavelength of visible range. The design details and simulation results are shown in this paper.


This paper proposes a real time implementation of a smart key which is a Wi-Fi based device that helps to lock/unlock all kinds of doors. Internet access allows to control doors all over the world by a simple mobile application. The app developed can be used in two modes ADMIN and GUEST mode. The ADMIN mode is protected by pin/password and is encrypted by the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. The password can be stored in the Key store and it can be changed whenever required. The ADMIN mode has the privilege to authenticate the GUEST mode to access all doors. For GUEST mode authentication, guests have to request the admin by using the app. Firebase is used as a server where the device and the mobile app are connected to it. Firebase is fast and accurate and hence can be accessed quickly. The main advantage of this proposed method is that it is fully operated through Internet so it can locked/unlocked wherever from the world. Comparative analysis is taken for three algorithms i.e., AES, DES and 3-DES and AES algorithm has given the best results in terms of execution time and memory usage and is implemented in the hardware lock. The experimental results give the screen shots of the app in guest and admin mode, firebase data and hardware real time implementation of the smart lock on a door.


Several phenols and related compounds have been shown to have detrimental effects on insects while others have antibiotic activity against fungi which attack higher plants. Insects have also been implicated as contributors to preharvest contamination of corn [maize], Zea mays L, by aflatoxin. The objectives, therefore, were to determine (a) if commercial corn hybrids vary in their silk maysin content and aflatoxin contamination of the grain, and (b) if grain aflatoxin contamination is correlated with maysin and related compounds. During 4 years of testing, 16 corn hybrids varied significantly for silk maysin content and grain aflatoxin contamination. Based on correlations, grain aflatoxin content of the hybrids tested was not significantly associated with maysin, chlorogenic acid, and 3′-methoxymaysin contents. It was concluded that other untested phenolic compounds in the category of compounds analyzed in the present study could be involved in resistance to aflatoxin formation, and that other classes of compounds should also now be assessed to locate major chemical resistance components.


At face value, this book is about medicine in Cambodia over the last hundred years. At the same time, however, by using 'medicine' (in the sense of ideas, practices and institutions relating to hea ...


Articles in periodicals concerning the development of cattle-breeding in 1950-1960s are analyzed in the paper. The basic directions in publications are also analyzed, their specificity is shown. The article also shows the role of the press in organization of competition among cattle breeders. The author draws a conclusion that mass press at that time played a role of the accelerator in agricultural production growth.


Abstract The surface characteristic of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) plays an important role in the crystallization of polyamide 6 (PA6). In this paper, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine(HMD) are grafted on MWNTs. The MWNTs before and after modification are used to fabricate PA6 composites through melt-blending. The nucleating effect of MWNTs with different surface characteristic is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and Xray diffraction (XRD).The heterogeneous nucleating ability of MWNTs determined by the Dobreva method are higher for pristine than amine-functionalized MWNTs/PA6 composites with 1.0 wt% MWNTs. Addition of MWNTs induce more heterogeneous nucleation and retards the crystal growth of PA6. The presence of MWNTs facilitates the formation of α crystalline form, while amino-functionalization weakens this trend. MWNTs act as effective nucleation agents for PA6, resulting in the increased number and decreased size of spherulites. MWNTs facilitate the formation of α crystalline form of PA6. Amino-functionalization decreases the crystallization and nucleating effect of MWNTs on PA6


Objective
To establish and evaluate a rat model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Methods
The rats were randomly divided into control group (n=13), sham laser group (n=11) and NAION group (n=23). The right eye was set as the experimental eye. NAION model was induced by directly illuminating the optic nerve (ON) of the right eye with 532 nm green laser, after intravenous infusion with the photosensitizing agent Rose Bengal. Sham laser treatment consisted of illuminating the ON region with 532 nm laser without Rose Bengal injection. Rats in control group underwent no intervention. The appearance of optic disc was observed with funduscope at 12 hours, 1, 3, 7, 28 days post-illumination. The histologic changes in the retina and ON of the NAION model were evaluated qualitatively with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy. The retrograde-labeled retinal ganglion cells (RGC) were counted on photographs taken from retinal flat mounts in a masked fashion.

Results
The optic disc in NAION eyes were swollen 3 days after photodynamic treatment. HE-stained longitudinal ON sections of NAION revealed vacuolar degeneration on day 3 after induction. Besides, ultrastructural study showed axonal edema and collapsed sheaths in the ischemic optic nerve at the same time point after modeling. ON edema resolved 7 days after induction. The final results revealed optic disc atrophy, extensive axonal loss, severe glial scar, and RGC death in large numbers 4 weeks after modeling. There were no aforementioned manifestations in control and sham laser group. The RGC density of the right eyes was statistically significantly lower in NAION group than that in control group and in sham laser group (t=−14.142, −14.088; P=0.000, 0.000). The survival rate of RGC was statistically significantly lower in NAION group than in control group and in sham laser group (t=−17.048, −16.667; P=0.000, 0.000). There was no difference of RGC density and survival rate of RGC between control and sham laser group (t=0.050, 0.348; P=0.961, 0.731).

Conclusion
A rat model of NAION was established successfully by photodynamic treatments with Rose Bengal, which induce optic nerve damage and RGC death.

Key words:
Optic neuropathy, ischemic; Retinal ganglion cells; Disease models, animal


Heterobimetallic iron-palladium alkoxysilyl- and siloxyl-complexes catalyse the dehydrogenative tin–tin coupling reaction; high turnover numbers are obtained, whereas modifications of the silicon-containing ligand strongly influence the efficiency of the catalyst.


A computer-controlled stroboscopic interferometer technique for measuring surface shape map and out-of-plane-deflections and static voltage versus displacement curve and resonant frequency is introduced.In-plane displacement of MEMS deformable mirrors is measured using the stroboscopic imaging and the computer microvision system and technique of sub-pixel location based on least-square curved surface fitting algorithm.The techniques of stroboscopic imaging and a five-step phase-shifting interferometer are used to obtain wrapped phase.The phase unwrapping algorithm is established to recover true phase which stands for object surface height.Consequently,the static and dynamic characteristics of MEMS deformable mirrors are obtained.The testing results show that the stroboscopic interferometer technique has the advantages of fast measuring speed and high measuring accuracy and realizing automatic control easily.


Our past research has shown that a dairy‐rich diet produces an ideal intracellular environment (significantly lower intracellular calcium (Ca)i to magnesium ratio) compared with two low dairy/calcium diets. This study examined the effect of dairy foods on platelet activity, which is regulated by (Ca)i. Adults with untreated hypertension (n=16) were fed 3 experimental diets (5 wk each) in a randomized crossover study design. Diets included a dairy rich, high fruits and vegetables diet (D‐F&V; 30% fat, 7% saturated fat [SFA], 3.4 servings [svg]/d dairy, 9.6 svg/d F&V), a high fruits and vegetables diet (F&V; 30% fat, 7% SFA, 0.4 svg/d dairy, 9.6 svg/d F&V), and an average Western diet (AWD; 36% fat, 15% SFA, 0.4 svg/d dairy, 3.6 svg/d F&V). (Ca)i mobilization in platelets was measured after treatment with vasopression (VP) by flow cytometry. As expected, VP induced a rapid elevation in (Ca)i from baseline on all diets (p's < 0.01). Peak change in (Ca)i was 130% higher on AWD vs D‐F&V and F&V diets (p's < 0.05). Serum P‐selectin, a marker of platelet activation, was higher on AWD vs. D‐F&V diet (p < 0.02), while the F&V diet was not different from either. Taken together, the AWD appears to detrimentally affect platelet properties in hypertensive subjects compared with diets high in fruits and vegetables; and dairy foods may offer additional benefits.


The disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Its involvement is mainly respiratory, but various neurological manifestations have been described. The neurotropism and potential neuropathotogenic role of SARS-CoV-2 is based on animal models and cases of neurological condition described in other coronaviruses, as well as recent reports of specific neurological syndromes related to COVID-19, including ischemic stroke. The Spanish Society of Neurology described ischemic stroke as the second most frequent neurological manifestation in patients with COVID-19. Likewise, the state of hyperinflammation and blood hypercoagulability triggered by COVID-19 would increase the risk of prothrombotic events. We report 3 cases of peruvian patients who presented ischemic stroke associated with COVID-19: we describe the clinical manifestations, paraclinical examinations and review the world literature.


Declaration of interest None. Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that people in lower socio-economic groups have an increased prevalence of common mental disorders (Holzer et al, 1986; Bijl et al, 1998; Davey Smith et al, 1998; Lewis et al, 1998; Muntaner et al, 1998; Weich & Lewis, 1998a). Cross-sectional studies cannot distinguish whether low socioeconomic position is associated with the development of new episodes of common mental disorders, with increased duration of episodes or both (Muntaner et al, 2004). Psychiatric disorders often show a chronic course (Sargeant et al, 1990) and it is likely that patients in the lower socioeconomic groups might have a worse prognosis rather than an increased risk of a new episode of disorder (Lewis et al, 1998). Previous longitudinal studies have generally supported this observation (Weich & Lewis, 1998b) and a recent meta-analysis found stronger evidence in favour of an association with increased duration (Lorant et al, 2003). However, other studies have found that low socio-economic position may be a risk factor for the development of a new episode (Kaplan et al, 1987; Bruce et al, 1991). These conflicting results may be explained by the different samples and method used, and the inability to adjust for a number of potential confounders. In particular, it is not clear whether all previous studies adjusted for baseline psychiatric symptoms, even though this variable shows a strong association with persistence of disorder (Sargeant et al, 1990; Spijker et al, 2001). Similarly, subthreshold symptoms may confound the association between low socio-economic position and development of a new episode of disorder. Clarifying whether low socioeconomic position is associated with increased risk of a new episode of common mental disorder or with worse prognosis is critical from both an aetiological point of view and a public health perspective. The aim of our study was to investigate this issue in a longitudinal, general-population study in the UK. Based on the previous findings we predicted that participants of lower socio-economic position would be more likely to report an episode of a common mental disorder at follow-up and that this association would be stronger in those who were categorised as cases at baseline compared with non-cases.


Optically addressable spins are actively investigated in quantum communication, processing and sensing. Optical and spin coherence lifetimes, which determine quantum operation fidelity and storage time, are often limited by spin-spin interactions, which can be decreased by polarizing spins in their lower energy state using large magnetic fields and/or mK range temperatures. Here, we show that optical pumping of a small fraction of ions with a fixed frequency laser, coupled with spin-spin interactions and spin diffusion, leads to substantial spin polarization in a paramagnetic rare earth doped crystal, $^{171}$Yb$^{3+}$:YSO. Indeed, up to more than 90 % spin polarizations have been achieved at 2 K and zero magnetic field. Using this spin polarization mechanism, we furthermore demonstrate an increase in optical coherence lifetime from 0.3 ms to 0.8 ms, due to a strong decrease in spin-spin interactions. This effect opens the way to new schemes for obtaining long optical and spin coherence lifetimes in various solid-state systems such as ensembles of rare earth ions or color centers in diamond, which is of interest for a broad range of quantum technologies.


This paper outlines a dynamic spectrum allocation framework that will mitigate the shortage of spectrum by enabling more efficient sharing of this critical resource. This approach involves coordinated activities on three fronts: technology, policy, and strategy. First, the approach capitalizes on emerging radio technologies to increase the utilization of each spectrum allocation. Applicable technologies include per-packet adaptable radios, software-defined radios (SDR), layered radio architectures, and spatial diversity through advanced antennas. Second, spectrum management policy will play an important role in motivating radio developers to create and field the requisite technologies. Such "technologyenabling" policy may significantly differ from the management policies in place today. Third, the authors believe that the long-term solution to the spectrum shortage can only be solved with a well planned, coordinated, strategic vision. Such a vision might best be captured in the form of a National Strategic Spectrum Roadmap. It is the authors' belief that together, technology, policy, and strategy can address the pressing spectrum shortage and "unblock" the spectrum.


It is probable that the true nature of synovial lesions of the skin was first discovered by Sidney Jones and G. H. Makins 1 of London, but it is to the late James Nevins Hyde 2 that the general profession is indebted for a classical description of the disorder. In the first edition of his treatise on diseases of the skin, he states that lesions of this type Occur in the form of wart-like projections from the skin, pseudovesicles, and bullae, always over the sites of bursae connected with tendons, traversing the small articulations of the hand and foot. They are seen over the metatarsophalangeal articulations; and in the hand most frequently over the dorsal face of the articulation between the distal and adjacent phalanges of the index finger and thumb. The first form is that of a roundish, corneous, pea-sized wart with a yellowish center, of long duration, usually


One of promising bio-prospect as producer of an antibacterial compound is endophytic fungi that live in endemic plants. This research is aimed to evaluate the endophytic fungi antibacterial compound from Mangifera casturi, an South Kalimantan endemic plant that has ethnobotanical utilisation in the pharmaceutical field. The bioactive compounds of 13 endophytic fungi were extracted using ethyl acetate and evaluated for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured by the serial broth dilution method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to examine cell damage due to the effect of the extract. The antibacterial compounds then were detected using GC-MS analysis. The endophytic fungi were identified morphologically and molecularly based on ITS rDNA sequence. Among 13 isolates, endophytic fungi identified as Botryosphaeria rhodina AK32 able to produce antibacterial compounds that exhibited the highest activity and have a broad spectrum, moreover capable against resistant bacteria (MRSA) with 1.56% of MIC value for all of the test bacteria. AK32 ethyl acetate extract was inhibiting the cell wall synthesis and penetrate the outer membrane of bacteria. Based on GC-MS, antibacterial compounds of AK32 ethyl acetate extract were di-n-octylphthalate, phenol, 2-methyl-, 4-pentadecyne, 15-chloro-, benzeneacetonitrile, and benztriazole.


Abstract With English being the lingua franca and the most commonly taught foreign language worldwide, many institutions such as the Eastern Mediterranean University in Northern Cyprus have adopted the English language as the medium of instruction in order to meet social and educational needs. Yet, although the final year students of the mentioned university are regarded to have acquired proficiency in English, the teaching staff are purporting that the first year courses are, in fact, language learning sessions for students whose language competency even at the end of their four-year undergraduate studies continues to be debatable. Based on this controversy, this case study aims to determine whether the English language development of the EMU-ELTE year 1 students meets/ satisfies certain predetermined educational and social requirements. This longitudinal study involves the continuous normative evaluation of students' language abilities through English.


AIM To establish a method for determining the concentration of doxofylline in human serum by ultra high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC).METHODS The column was Waters Acquity C_(18)(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7μm),the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water in gradient programs at flow rate of 0.2 mL·min~(-1),and the caffeine was used as internal standard.The temperature of column was set at room temperature and the detection wavelength was set at 273 nm.RESULTS The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.18 - 23.20 mg ? L~(-1) for doxofylline;the linear regression equation wasγ= 0.181 8x + 0.005 1(r = 0.999 9,n = 10);the RSD of intra-day and inter-day was below 15%;the recovery rates were 94.70%- 106.16%.CONCLUSION The method is sensitive,rapid and accurate, which is usable for monitoring of doxofylline and pharmacokinetic studies.


The FAM123 gene family comprises three members, FAM123A, the tumor suppressor WTX(FAM123B) and FAM123C. WTX is required for normal development and causally contributes to human disease, in part through its regulation of β -catenin-dependent WNT signaling. The roles of FAM123A and FAM123C in signaling, cell behavior and human disease remain less understood. We defined and compared the protein-protein interaction networks for each member of the FAM123 family by affinity purification and mass spectrometry. Protein localization and functional studies suggest that the FAM123 family members have conserved and divergent cellular roles. In contrast to WTX and FAM123C, we found that microtubule-associated proteins were enriched in the FAM123A protein interaction network. FAM123A interacted with and tracked dynamic microtubules revealed a 'SKIP' amino acid motif in FAM123A that mediated interaction with the microtubule tip tracking proteins EB1 and EB3, and therefore with microtubules. Cells depleted of FAM123A showed compartment-specific effects on microtubule dynamics, increased actomyosin contractility, larger focal adhesions and decreased cell migration. These effects required binding of FAM123A to and inhibition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF2, a microtubule-associated activator of RhoA. Together, these data suggest that the 'family-unique' SKIP motif enables FAM123A to bind EB proteins, localize to microtubules and coordinate microtubule dynamics and actomyosin contractility.


Architecture should invariably mirror the aspirations and achievements of a society without forsaking the contextual identity of a region. Architecture should always be appraised contextually with reference to a given time and place. Nevertheless architecture develops its identity, alongside advancements in a society to which it caters. The anchoring notions of vernacular values are often lost in the days of contemporary and unsustainable global practices. The imageability of urban habitats all over the world have started to be characterised by a formal homogenous imageability; having concrete links to globalisation and modern construction technology. The relentlessly expanding human needs and urbanisation are definably posing serious concerns; the negative impacts of such approaches are becoming visible in our society. However we have often tried to overlook the fallouts in the name of growth and development. Ironically the 'Mantra' of the new generation is towards material forms of self realisation. This state of affairs has gradually overwhelmed the thought process and outlook of the intelligentsia to tread in the right direction. In this retrospective of changing times we should realise that the basis of meaning formation in architecture should not be associated with a universal de-contexualised knowledge base. The real issue is to develop strategies to help learners establish a link with the cultural rootedness; diversity and aesthetic sense of a locale. This would make habitat design contextually relevant thereby establishing a sense of distinctiveness. This should hold true while revitalising existing habitat realms as well as while considering new interventions at micro and macro settings.


If Sandy Kadish has reminded us of limitations of consequentialist approaches to the criminal law and has proposed persuasive resolutions of issues that deontological perspectives reveal, Meir Dan-Cohen has jarred us to rethink fundamental premises about rules in the criminal justice system. His Essay is an example of his ingenuity for unsettling understandings. The Essay reads easily and seems deceptively straightforward, but it is rich in nuance and its themes are complex. This Response identifies the various themes and evaluates their plausibility. I take Professor Dan-Cohen's Essay as a preliminary exploration of a major subject, and I have responded accordingly, indicating doubts without trying to pursue them to any systematic resolution. I hope these thoughts will contribute to the evolution of Dan-Cohen's ideas about dignity and criminal law. What are Professor Dan-Cohen's main theses? He claims: (1) some crimes cannot be adequately understood as safeguarding autonomy or consequentialist welfare: They need to be conceived as protecting dignity, a respect for people's equal worth;' (2) a special feature of basic offenses to dignity is that no essential role is played by the victim's state of mind-in this respect violations of dignity differ from violations of welfare and autonomy;2 (3) dignity is an "expressive value"3 whose violation depends on the social meaning of practices within a linguistic community;4 and (4) dignity, in some ultimate sense, is more fundamental than welfare or autonomy.


schutzs theory of relevance a phenomenological critique is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the schutzs theory of relevance a phenomenological critique is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Using traffic analysis, it is possible to infer who is talking to whom over a public network. This paper describes a flexible communications infrastructure, called onion routing, which is resistant to traffic analysis. Onion routing lies just beneath the application layer, and is designed to interface with a wide variety of unmodified Internet services by means of proxies. Onion routing has been implemented on a Sun Solaris 2.4; in addition, proxies for World Wide Web browsing (HTTP), remote logins (RLOGIN), e-mail (SMTP) and file transfers (FTP) have been implemented. Onion routing provides application-independent, real-time and bi-directional anonymous connections that are resistant to both eavesdropping and traffic analysis. Applications making use of onion routing's anonymous connections may (and usually should) identify their users over the anonymous connection. User anonymity may be layered on top of the anonymous connections by removing identifying information from the data stream. Our goal is anonymous connections, not anonymous communication. The use of a packet-switched public network should not automatically reveal who is talking to whom; this is the traffic analysis that onion routing complicates.


This paper analyses Japan's COVID-19 response drawing on a survey of more than 3200 prospective international students affected by the (colloquially named) #JapanTravelBan. The paper charts the evolution of Japan's COVID-19 response from the earliest border restrictions in February 2020 to the eventual blanket re-opening to international students in Summer 2022. Subsequently, survey DATA provide evidence of (1) the drastic mental health effects for prospective international students during this time, (2) students' loss of agency due to the protracted uncertainty of both policy and communication from the Japanese government, and (3) potential damage caused to Japan's reputation as a study destination. Drawing on these findings the paper offers broader suggestions for appropriate student migration policymaking: greater transparency, attention to students' security throughout their study sojourn, an emphasis on stability, and resilience to crises.


Current treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other disorders affecting central nervous system functioning leading to disruptive behaviors in children and adolescents seldom include an adjunctive psychosocial intervention. Objective: The purpose of this quality improvement study was to implement Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) in an outpatient private practice setting to improve outcomes in home, school, and social settings for children and adolescents. Method: Parent(s)/guardian(s) of ten (n=10) children ages seven through 12. The study utilized the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale, Home Situations Questionnaire, and Disruptive Behavior Disorder Rating Scale – Parent Form as well as Teacher Rating Scale and School Questionnaires for measurement of behaviours prior to BPT. The standardized ADHD parent and teacher rating scales along with the questionnaires for both were again completed at the conclusion of the BPT sessions for comparison. Results: Findings indicated significant improvements in disruptive behaviour. Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions such as BPT can be a powerful adjunct to pharmacotherapy in ADHD and behavior disorders for this population. Providing such intervention in a routine practice setting offers the potential for improved outcomes in the child/adolescent's home, school, and social setting.


Juvenile systemic sclerosis, although rare in children, represents one of the most severe chronic rheumatic conditions in pediatric rheumatology practice. In this review, the various clinical, laboratory and therapeutic aspects of systemic sclerosis in children will be presented. The overall outcome of this disease and the main distinctive features between childhood-onset and adulthood-onset disease will also be discussed.


We apply ultrafast pump-push-photocurrent and pump-push-photoluminescence spectroscopies to polyfluorene organic diode to track in time the bound exciton formation. 'Cold'-excitons become bound within 10-fs while 'hot'-excitons can dissociate spontaneously within 50-fs before acquiring bound character.


We show the homological Serre spectral sequence with coefficients in a field is a spectral sequence of coalgebras. We also identify the comultiplication on the $E^2$ page of the spectral sequence as being induced by the usual comultiplication in homology. At the end, we provide some example computations highlighting the use the co-Leibniz rule.


This article describes the development of an adsorbent from peanut shell (PNS) for removing Cr(III) from tannery effluents. Adsorbent was prepared by pyrolysis of peanut shell followed by activa tion with NaOH and was characterized by different analytical methods. Adsorption capacity and removal rate of Cr(III) were determined. The adsorption capacity of activated PNS was investi gated through batch experiments with the effect of pH, adsorbent doses, contact time, initial con - centration, and temperature. Adsorption capacity and rate of removal of Cr(III) were 74.79 mg/g and 54.21%, respectively. The highest adsorption capacity ( q m ) calculated from Langmuir iso - therm was 104.82 mg/g. Adsorption isotherm of Cr(III) on PNS was studied by Langmuir and Freundlich models which revealed that Langmuir model fitted the best with a R 2 value of 0.999. The adsorption kinetics of Cr(III) on PNS followed pseudo-second-order reaction model with a R 2 value of 0.9979. The experimental data of Cr(III) adsorption were also fitted well with the pseudo- second-order kinetic model. Various physico-chemical parameters of chrome tanning effluent were also evaluated prior to and subsequent to adsorption.


Method for controlling the use of a mobile terminal (B) in a communications network (1, 720, 820, 920, 1020, 1120, 1220, 1320, 1420, 1620, 1720) available for communication links services in dependence of the stays location of the mobile terminal (B) in the communication network (1, 720, 820, 920, 1020, 1120, 1220, 1320, 1420, 1620, 1720), wherein the communication network (1, 720, 820, 920, 1020, 1120, 1220, 1320, 1420, 1620, 1720) comprises at least a service area with a built up of radio cells of the cellular network structure, the coverage area for at least one mobile terminal (B) is divided into at least a preferential zone and a rest area, and when moving the mobile terminal (B) in the at least one preferential area for communication connections a use of at least one service is made possible, which enabled a for stays of the mobile terminal (B) in the rest area for communication connections Nutzu ng of services differs. To the continuously existing need for a mobile terminal (B) available in a communication network for communication connections service uses a function of the location of the mobile terminal (B) in the communication network (1, 820, 1020, 1220, 1420) to comply with, and in particular extensively individualized service usages to permit as well as their means and / or signaling, will be at least two and / or more ...


Three cases of protein characterization are presented where mixed-mode scanning sequences are executed. The processes involve identification of sites of glycosylation in fetuin, and phosphorylation in β-casein (based on work by Carr et al) and determination of the protein sequence of cytochrome c. By implementing different scan modes sequentially it is possible to detect post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation or phosphorylation, and to determine the molecular weight and the partial amino acid sequence in a single experiment incorporating liquid chromatography with ionspray, in source, collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant reduction in the provision of screening, case identification and hospital referrals to cancer patients. To our knowledge, no study has yet correlated quantitatively the consequences of these limitations for cancer patient management. This study evaluates the implications of such reductions for patients newly diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in both the pre- and post-lockdown periods. Methods: We examined 80 newly identified mCRC patients from 18 different clinical centers. These cases come from the screening procedure of a clinical trial which is using circulating DNA (cirDNA) analysis to determine their RAS and BRAF status. Results: The tumor burden as evaluated by the median total plasma cirDNA concentration showed a statistically higher level in patients diagnosed post-lockdown compared to those diagnosed pre-lockdown (119.2 versus 17.3 ng/mL; p<0.0001). In order to link tumor burden to survival, we compared the survival of these mCRC patients with previous studies in which cirDNA was examined in the same way (median survival, 16.2 months; median follow up, 48.7 months, N=135). Given the poor survival rate of mCRC patients with high cirDNA levels (14.7 vs 20.0 and 8.8 vs 19.3 months median survival when dichotomizing the cohort by the median cirDNA concentration 24.4 and 100 ng/mL, respectively), our study points to the potential deleterious consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Recognizing that our exploratory study offers a snapshot of an evolving situation, our observations nonetheless clearly highlight the need to determine actions which would minimize delays in diagnosis during the ongoing and future waves of COVID-19.


To investigate influence of feed amount on degradation of rice straw by complex microbial system LZF-12,fed-batch fermentation was conducted under mesophilic(35 ℃) condition.The results showed that degradation rate was improved with increase of feed amount,and the maximum degradation rate was obtained at feed amount of 250 mL.Acetic acid and butyric acid which account for 90% of the total volatile fatty acids is dominant liquid fermentation product.Once after adding rice straw,the pH value decreased minimum and the content of acetic acid increased maximum after 24 h.Then the pH value had increased gradually until next add of rice straw.COD,total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen content showed similar regular changes.


BDM Effects on AVN Conduction. Introduction: 2,3‐Butanedione monoxime (BDM) has been found to reversibly block cardiac contraction, without blocking electrical conduction. This study characterizes the dose‐dependent effects of BDM on the conduction through the atrioventricular node (AVN) of rabbit heart.


This chapter lays the foundations of the book by first defining the work that the book intends to interrogate and unpacking the angst around it in some quarters of Western society, focusing on the feminist literature where such concerns are evident. Next, the chapter highlights theoretical contradictions and tensions in the literature and the assumptions underlying them, for instance, the work is a problem primarily between women. By drawing attention to some gaps and silences in the invaluable contribution made byprior research tounderstandings of the historically and socially constructed complexities of exploitation in paid domestic work, the chapterargues that the prevailing Western theories of this work are limited by their restricted focus on gender and race as the primary analytical categories.A more inclusive and globally relevant feminist approach would have an equivalent focus on class (and caste).


Any assessment of Italian statistics as it developed during the first half of the twentieth-century must take into account the relative originality and consistence of its scientific contribution as well as the clearly hegemonic position it acquired vis-a-vis Italian social science of that era. Whereas any talk of national statistics immediately and almost exclusively conjures the administrative meaning of the term, one cannot deny the existence at that time of a distinctively Italian statistics, endowed with a peculiar definition of the discipline, specific concerns, as well as an original vocabulary. For its fiercest champions, Italian statistics could be favourably contrasted with so-called Anglo-Saxon statistics. At the same time, statistics established itself as the favoured language of Italian social science; indeed, the same authors could write as economists, demographers, sociologists, anthropologists or criminologists, but since, for them, science could not exist without measurement, they were also and above all statisticians. The purpose of the present paper is to examine closely the emergence of modern Italian statistics or, more precisely, the manner in which, over a short period of time, was carved up for statistics a territory distinct from that of its nearest neighbours. Specifying the nature of statistics implied for instance drawing boundaries vis-a-vis contiguous areas and potential competitors (namely mathematics and political economy), redefining theories, problems and techniques already endowed with symbolic capital in a manner which permitted their appropriation, or developing a repertoire of concepts and techniques on which exclusivity could be claimed.


Background: Chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a target specific degradation pathway among autophagic processes. Although CMA plays critical roles in tumor progression in general, the role of CMA in tumor progression under hypoxia is poorly understood. We investigated the role of CMA in hypoxic tumor using a novel Hsp90-mediated modulator of CMA.Methods: We examined whether manassantin A (ManA), known as a potent inhibitor of HIF-1α, is a CMA modulator using biochemical, molecular, and cell biology approaches. We analyzed the effects of ManA on Hsp90 chaperone function by using Significant Analysis of Microarray, luciferase refolding assay, HS-10 resin binding assay, NMR spectroscopy, and SPR assay. We investigated tumor growth in response to monotherapy and combination therapy with ManA and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody in vivo. To assess the clinical efficacy of CMA-related genes, we analyzed the gene expressions of HIF-1α, HSP90AA1, and transcription factor EB (TFEB) using TCGA datasets. Finally, we assessed in vivo/in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties of ManA.Results: ManA inhibits Hsp90 chaperone function through disruption of the Hsp90/F1F0-ATP synthase (chaperone/co-chaperone) complex. The inhibition of Hsp90 enhances the interaction of CMA substrates and LAMP-2A as well as TFEB nuclear localization, thus leading to CMA activation. Importantly, CMA activation not only retards tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, but also displays cooperative antitumor activity with anti-PD-1 antibody in vivo. An in-depth analysis of TCGA datasets shows that combined expression of HSP90AA1High/HIF1AHigh or TFEBLow/HIF1AHigh is strongly correlated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Conclusions: ManA-induced inhibition of Hsp90 promotes CMA activity and decreases the stability of CMA substrates such as HIF-1α protein, leading to a marked reduction of hypoxic tumor growth. Therefore, targeting CMA activity via Hsp90 may present a promising therapeutic strategy for hypoxic tumor.


Two cultivars of Exacum af®ne, White Princess and Royal Dane, were grown under supplementary light conditions (70 and 100 mmol mÿ2 sÿ1). The higher light intensity reduced the production time and resulted in increased  ̄ower development during the post-production period in an interior environment. To test ethylene responses, the plants were sprayed with the anionic silver thiosulphate complex (STS) and then exposed to 3.5 ml lÿ1 ethylene or kept in an ethylenefree environment. The post-production quality and life of Exacum plants were reduced by the presence of exogenous ethylene. Inhibition of ethylene action improved post-production  ̄ower numbers even in the absence of ethylene. # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


A compact size sectoral fractal planar monopole antenna is proposed for wideband wireless application. The feed circuit is a 50‐Ω microstrip line with a matching section over a rectangular ground plane. The measured −10 dB reflection bandwidth for frequency range (3.22–6.55 GHz) is 68.04% covering WiMAX (3.4–3.6 and 3.7–4.2 GHz), Wi‐Fi 802.11y (3.6–3.7 GHz), and WLAN 802.11 (5.31–6.32 GHz). This antenna has acceptable agreement is obtained for the simulated and measured antenna performance parameters. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1073–1076, 2014


The microbial transformation of phytosterols to androstenedione (androst-4-ene--3,17-dione, AD) and androstadienedione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione, ADD) in two-phase water-oil systems by means of the strain Mycobacterium sp. MB 3683 has been studied. The effect of some process conditions, like the agitation speed, the age and amount of inoculum, the temperature and some additional carbon sources have been investigated. The highest conversion rates were attained with 10-15 % of inolucum of age t = 16-20 h at T= 34-35 °C and n = 400 min -1 . Media containing high concentrations of carbohydrates have a negative impact on the process, while the natural nitrogen sources influence beneficially the bioconversion. The use of silicon oil and polypropylene-glycol as solubilizing agents was found suitable for the above-mentioned biotransformation and permitted to increase considerably the amount of the substrate in the system. On the other hand, the biotransformation rate depended on the amount of the oils, because they inhibited the microbial cells growth.


Zinc oxide (ZnO) films on graphite substrate were fabricated using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The effect of concentration and applied voltage in EPD were determined in which the mass of deposited ZnO depends on the applied voltage and not on the concentration. Sensitization of film with palladium chloride (PdCl2) was done through dipping method. The optimum number of dipping is 20. The sensitized samples were subjected to annealing at 100 °C for 30 minutes. The morphology of the films was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which showed the porosity and thickness of the samples. The IV characterization of the samples was done via four-point probe method and the resistivity and resistance were calculated. The resistivity and resistance were found to be lowest in graphite substrate while the films with palladium (Pd) showed lower values of resistivity and resistance than the films without palladium. . A three trial gas sensing experiment at room temperature was performed in which the response of the film to butane/propane gas (LPG) was tested and showed that it successfully sensed the gas. The sample with Pd deposited at the highest applied voltage showed the best gas response and response time among the other samples.Zinc Oxide (ZnO) films on graphite substrate were fabricated using Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) method. The effect of concentration and applied voltage in EPD were determined in which the mass of deposited ZnO depends on the applied voltage and not on the concentration. Sensitization of film with Palladium Chloride (PdCl2) was done through dipping method. The optimum number of dipping is 20. The sensitized samples were subjected to annealing at 100 °C for 30 minutes. The morphology of the films was analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which showed the porosity and thickness of the samples. The IV characterization of the samples was done via four-point probe method and the resistivity and resistance were calculated. The resistivity and resistance was found to be lowest in graphite substrate while the films with palladium (Pd) showed lower values of resistivity and resistance than the films without palladium. . A three trial gas sensing experiment at room temperature was performed in which the sensitivity of the film to butane/propane gas (LPG) was tested and showed that it successfully sensed the gas. The sample with Pd deposited at the highest applied voltage showed the best sensitivity and response time among the other samples.


The North American clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) population is far from self-sustaining. Breeding success is poor and behavioral problems (i.e., fur-plucking, tail-chewing, excessive hiding or pacing, and intersexual aggression that results in mate killing) are common. This study was undertaken to investigate whether some of these problems may be indicators of chronic stress (as reflected by persistently elevated glucocorticoid levels) and whether they are associated with specific management factors. A fecal corticoid metabolite assay was validated to monitor adrenal activity in clouded leopards. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenges conducted in four clouded leopards established the biological relevance of the assay system. Fecal corticoid concentrations increased 14-fold above baseline within 24 hours after ACTH administration. Adrenal activity then was monitored in 72 (36 males; 36 females) clouded leopards (65% of the North American Species Survival Plan population) during a 6-week period and compared to husbandry and behavior data. There was a significant (P < 0.01) gender difference in fecal corticoid concentrations, with females producing higher concentrations than males. Multiple regression analyses revealed negative associations (P < 0.01) between enclosure height, number of hours keepers spent with each animal per week, and corticoid concentrations. A positive correlation (P < 0.001) was found between the number of keepers caring for an individual and corticoid concentrations. Higher fecal corticoid concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) were measured in clouded leopards kept on public display or near potential predators compared to individuals maintained off exhibit or in the absence of predators. Individuals that performed self-injuring behaviors also had elevated fecal corticoids (P < 0.01). Spearman-rank correlation analysis of keeper ratings and hormone data revealed positive associations (P ≤ 0.05) between some behaviors (pace, sleep, hide, and fearful/tense) and fecal corticoid concentrations. Overall these results indicate that noninvasive fecal corticoid monitoring has enormous potential for investigating how management and behavioral problems are related to animal well-being. If conducted under carefully controlled experimental paradigms, this technique could allow researchers and managers to identify problem areas of captive management for clouded leopards (e.g., enclosure height, keeper time) and evaluate the efficacy of strategies designed to promote animal welfare and increased reproductive success. Zoo Biol 21:77–98, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


The WC-8Co cemented carbides were sintered at low temperature and pressure.The influences of sintering temperature and pressure on the microstructure and properties of the cemented carbides were investigated.Results showed that with the increase of sintering temperature,the quantity of pores decreases,the grain size and density of the cemented carbides increase simultaneously.The hardness and bending strength of the cemented carbides are improved with the increase of density.When the sintering temperature is above 1 280 ℃,the sintering method of the cemented carbides is liquid-phase sintering.The improvement of density is contributed to the sintering pressure.When the sintering temperature is 1 300 ℃ and the sintering pressure is 5 MPa,the density,hardness and bending strength of the cemented carbides are 14.61 g/cm3,90.7 HRA and 1 830 MPa,respectively.


A computer-generated hologram (CGH) is well-known to recon- struct 3-D images faithfully, and several CGH printers are reported. Since those printers can only output a transmission hologram, the large-scale optical system is necessary to reconstruct the full-parallax, full-color image. As a method of a simple reconstruction, it is only necessary to use a volume reflection hologram. However, the making of a volume holo- gram needs to transfer the CGH by means of an optical system. On the other hand, there are printers that output volume type holographic stereo- grams with the full-parallax, full-color image. However, the reconstructed image whose depth is large gets blurred due to the insufficient sampling rays of a 3-D object. The authors propose the volume hologram printer to record the wavefront of a 3-D object. By transferring the CGH that is dis- played on a liquid crystal on silicon, the proposed printer can output the volume hologram. In addition, the large volume hologram can be printed by transferring plural CGH that recorded the partial 3-D object in turn. As a result, the printed volume hologram has been able to reconstruct a mono- chrome 3-D image by white light illumination, and realized the full-parallax image. © 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). (DOI: 10.1117/1 .OE.51.7.075802)


INTRODUCTION
Patients with neurocritical injuries account for 10-16 % of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions and frequently require neuromonitoring.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the current status of neuromonitoring in Argentina.

METHODS
Survey with 37 questions about neuromonitoring without including patients' data. Period: April-June 2017.

RESULTS
Thirty-eight responses were received out of 71 requests (14 districts with 11 498 annual discharges). The PICU/hospital bed ratio was 21.9 (range: 4.2-66.7). Seventy-four percent of PICUs were public; 61 %, university-affiliated; and 71 %, level I. The availability of monitoring techniques was similar between public and private (percentages): intracranial pressure (95), electroencephalography (92), transcranial Doppler (53), evoked potentials (50), jugular saturation (47), and bispectral index (11). Trauma was the main reason for monitoring.

CONCLUSION
Except for intracranial pressure and electroencephalography, neuromonitoring resources are scarce and active neurosurgery availability is minimal. A PICU national registry is required.


A scanning device and an image forming apparatus with the same are provided to accurately adjust a focal distance of a lens part by using a slide way and a slide member, and accurately adjust an error of a focal distance of the lens part due to a manufacturing gap of the scanning device or the image forming apparatus. A stage glass contains a document on a top side. A sensor unit(130) is pressurized and supported to a plate plane of the stage glass, and includes a slide way(134) inclined toward the stage glass at a predetermined angle. A slide member(150) is supported on the slide way of the sensor unit, and an upper end of the slide member contacts with the stage glass. A fixing element fixes the slide member on the slide way. The slide member includes a guide groove(151) formed in parallel with the slide way. The sensor unit includes guide rods(135) protruded to be inserted into the guide groove.


It has been shown recently that there is a large class of supersymmetric solutions of five-dimensional supergravity which generalize the supersymmetric black ring solution of Elvang et al. This class involves arbitrary functions. We show that most of these solutions do not have smooth event horizons, so they do not provide examples of black objects with infinite amounts of 'hair'.


It has been detected the greater decrease in the local cerebral blood flow in low-resistant Wistar rats after the emotional stress. The drug "Deltaran" selectively boosts the local cerebral blood flow in these animals and improves the efficiency of blood supply of the brain cortex. Deltaran prevents from progressive lowering the local cerebral blood flow at the expense of a collateral circulation and more adequate blood supply of the cerebral tissue in acute brain ischemia, reduces the mortality-rate by 62% and facilitates the course of the central ischemia.


The title compounds were assembled through charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, multiple C–H⋯O bonds and π–π stacking, and structurally characterized. The compounds, with dramatic differences in the cations of their tectons, are isostructural and featured 1D ribbons of alternating anions and cations. The 1D ribbons are aligned edge-to-edge to generate 2D sheets through arrays of C–H⋯O bonds. The 2D sheets then stack directly upon each other, resulting in alternating homogeneous columns of bipyridinium cations and oxalate anions in the structure.


ABSTRACT PbTiO3 nanoplates were synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method, and ammonia solution was chosen as a pH-adjusting agent. The effect of ammonia concentration in the second-step precursors, Pb-Ti feedstock concentration, reaction temperature, and time on crystallization and morphologies of PbTiO3 nanocrystals was investigated. The typical single-crystal PbTiO3 nanoplates with stair-like edge were formed, as the nominal ammonia concentration in the first-step precursors was 8.8 mol/L, the nominal ammonia concentration in the second-step precursors was 4.4 mol/L, the nominal Pb-Ti feedstock concentration was 0.05 mol/L, and they were synthesized at 200°C for 20 h. The thickness of the PbTiO3 nanoplates was about 45 nm, and the lateral size was about 400 nm. The ammonia solution played an important role in the formation of PbTiO3 nanoplates, and the growth mechanism of PbTiO3 nanoplates synthesized by the two-step hydrothermal method in ammonia solution was discussed.