14‐3‐3 proteins have been reported to interact with numerous intracellular signaling molecules in regulation of various cellular functions. 14‐3‐3β has been shown to be associated with integrinβ1 to enhance cell adhesion and migration. However, its role on tumor progression and cancer metastasis has not been well investigated. Here, we report that overexpression of 14‐3‐3β significantly promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth and increase cancer cell anchorage‐independent growth. Furthermore, an enhanced migratory capacity of both 14‐3‐3β‐ and integrinβ1‐overexpressing cells was observed suggesting their importance in regulating cell adhesion and migration. In clinical trials, we analyzed the correlation of 14‐3‐3β in primary and subsequent metastatic tissues of HCC patients with its relevance in clinic‐pathological parameters. 14‐3‐3β is overexpressed in primary tumors and predicts a higher 5‐year incidence of subsequent metastasis. Additionally, expression of 14‐3‐3β is significantly correlated with a worse 5‐year overall survival. Taken together, these findings reveal that 14‐3‐3β overexpression promotes tumor progression, and is associated with subsequent extrahepatic metastasis and worse survival. 14‐3‐3β might serve as a potentially prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.


This paper introduces a rule-based approach for the supplier selection problem. A taxonomy for working with rules is presented. Procedures for writing the rules are also included. Finally, limitations of the approach are discussed.


Design and construction of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer, operating in the continuous wave mode in the radio frequency (rf) region, and capable of performing spectroscopy and in vivo imaging of paramagnetic spin probes is described. A resonant frequency of 300 MHz was chosen to provide the required sensitivity at nontoxic levels of commonly used spin probes and penetration of the rf in small animals. Three major components, the magnet, the radio frequency signal detection bridge, and the data acquisition module are described in this article. Integration of a rapid scan capability to reduce imaging time is also described. Two- and three-dimensional EPR images of the spin probe distribution in phantom objects as well as from in vivo experiments are reported. From the EPR images, morphology of some internal organs could be recognized. EPR images of the spin probe distribution in mice suggest differences in perfusion of the spin probe between normal and tumor regions. Addition of a spe...


Crazing is a failure mode of bulk polymers and occurs under predominant uniaxial tensile load when the bulk eventually forms denser ligaments (or fibrils) while preserving its continuity. [1‐2] The bridging of cracks by such fibrils is an importantmechanismforenergydissipationandtougheningin thermoplastic polymers. However, craze phenomena are not observed [3‐5] in thermosetting polymers such as epoxies due to the high crosslinking density of the epoxy chains, which limits molecular mobility and inhibits craze fibril formation. Such thermosetting epoxies typically display a brittle failure. [6‐7] We demonstrate here that thermosetting epoxies reinforced with amido-amine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (A-MWNTs) exhibit crazing. We show order of magnitude reduction in fatigue crack growth rates as a result of the crazing. The fracture toughness and ductility of the brittle epoxy is also significantly enhanced by the crazing. Importantly these enhancements in fatigue resistance and toughness are achieved without any softening of the material. In fact, the Young's modulus of the nanocomposite is � 30% greater and the average hardness of the nanocomposite is � 45% higher than the baseline (pristine) epoxy. We show that this effect is related to heterogeneous curing of the epoxy, which results in localized pockets of uncrosslinked epoxy that are trapped (or frozen) at the nanotube‐matrix interfaces. Under mechanical loading, these localized regions of high molecular mobility can evolve (or coalesce) to generate conditions that are favorable for crazing. Recently, in a very interesting study, [8] crazing has been reported for a poly(lactide


Oxide heterointerfaces often trigger unusual electronic properties that are absent in respective bulks. Here, direct evidence is offered for spontaneously assembled local structural distortions in a single-phase bulk, which confine electrons to within an atomic layer with notable orbital reconstruction and coupling, close the forbidden band, induce a ferromagnetic ordering, and give rise to a strongly anisotropic, spin-polarized quasi-one-dimensional electron gas.


Simmel's work has often been interpreted as a succession of disparate phases of development following contradictory epistemological paradigms and intellectual stances. By analysing the 'money or life metaphor' Hans Blumenberg delivered the paradigmatic assessment for the consistency of Simmel's philosophical work. The present paper critically extends this approach in order to understand the meaning of Simmel's life and forms paradigm and shows that its preeminent theoretical contribution concerns sociological theory. From the analysis emerges that Simmel's delivers a consistent alternative to Parson's conception of functional differentiation in form of a theory of qualitative societal differentiation. In this frame, Simmel's critical adoption and transformation of Marx' theory of societal conflict allows for the foundation of an open-end theory of the development of modernity in the different domains of culture.


The present paper describes step-climbing tactics using a wheeled robot and a hand cart that has a hand brake. The robot has two arms that are used to hold or push the handle of the cart and a lower extendable wheel mechanism that can push against the bottom of the cart. Some of the manipulator joints are controlled passively when moving over the step. To lift the front wheels of the cart, the robot holds the handle steady and pushes against the bottom of the cart using the extendable wheel mechanism. This action is similar to that performed by a human. The robot then pushes the entire cart forward so that the front wheels of the cart are above the step. When the rear wheels of the cart have climbed the step, the upper-arm links of the manipulators are pressed against the robot chest to allow the robot to push the cart. When the cart has fully climbed the step, the robot then uses the cart to climb the step. The present paper describes the details of the robot system, and theoretical analyses were performed to determine the requirement of masses and the centers of gravity of both vehicles to lift the cart. Experiments were also carried out in which the robot was controlled using an intranet connection, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.


For the 0 glueball ground state, lattice QCD predicts its mass to be 1.45 ∼ 1.8GeV/c [1]. For a glueball in such a mass range to be produced from pp̄ annihilation, it can only come from the "production" mechanism. Indeed, by studying pp̄ → 3π & πηη, Crystal Barrel Collaboration[2] discovered the f0(1500) resonance which is now regarded as the best 0 glueball candidate[3]. There is also some new evidence for f0(1770)[4]. If the f0(1500) is really a glueball, it sets a mass scale for glueballs of other quantum numbers. The 0, 2 and 2 glueballs are predicted to be around 2.1 ∼ 2.4 GeV by


The study investigated the efficacy of 17-α methyl testosterone hormone in producing a mono male sex population in Oreochromis niloticus fry under tropical conditions in ponds in Zimbabwe. Fry were randomly stocked in ten fry tanks at 15000 fry per tank. Five randomly selected tanks received androgenised feed with 17- α methyl testosterone (M T hormone). The other five tanks received feed which had not been treated with 17-α methyl testosterone. The sex ratios, feed conversion ratio, growth rate and survival were established after three months. Fry fed to a diet treated with MT had a significantly higher growth rate as compared to those fed to a non hormone treated diet. Individuals whose diet was androgenised had a higher survival rate as compared to those individuals whose diet was not treated. We concluded that MT has a high efficacy in producing a male population in O. niloticus under tropical conditions and that treatment duration during cold periods be increased to 30 days as compared to the usual 21 days currently being used at Lake Harvest Aquaculture Zimbabwe so as to produce a male population above 95% for optimality.


Problem Solving Effectiveness Of Learning Model Student Results X Class High School Economics Lesson Hidayatul Muhsinin Kubu Raya. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the learning model of problem solving for enhancing student learning outcomes. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control group design. Data processing procedure starts from the data normality test post-test experimental class and the control class, based on his calculations, obtained obtained post test control classes are normally distributed, ie X2count X2table (19.264> 7.815). Then proceed with the Mann Whitney U test was obtained Ztable ? Zcount ? Ztable or -1.96 <-1.65 <1.96, then reject Ho and Ha accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the post-test control class and post-test experimental class, and of the effect size calculation, obtained ? = 0.15 (lower category). Application of problem solving learning model does not have a profound effect on student learning outcomes on economic subjects.


The utilization of cochlear perfusion as a tool for the study of cochlear physiology is not new. Both perilymphatic and endolymphatic perfusions have been done. However in these studies little or no data were given to indicate that the cochleas involved in these experiments were damaged. For our studies a "synthetic perilymph" solution containing the following ingredients (millimoles/liter) was prepared daily just prior to use: NaCl, 136.8; KCL, 5.6; CaCl2, 2.16; NaHCO3, 11.9; MgCl2, 0.491; Na2HPO4, 0.352; glucose, 4.44. The pH of the final solution was 7.95–8.05. For perfusion, glass pipets were inserted into both scala media and scala tympani of the basal turn of the guinea pig cochlea. Perfusion of the perilymphatic space at a speed of 0.1 milliliters/min was continued for 2 min. The ac cochlear potential and/or the N1‐evoked potential was monitored from a round‐window electrode. In order to check for procedural damage, an electrophysiological assessment of the cochlea was made before and after drillin...


The BACIS program was developed then implemented and evaluated. There was an overall improvement in compliance from 85.1% to 89.3% after its introduction. This result was not statistically significant. However, when results were stratified into specific categories, the BACIS program showed statistically significant improvement in compliance over the checklist system in three out of nine important categories. These are compliance at booking, patients younger than 18 years, and patients booking after week 20. Furthermore, a qualitative study was undertaken to understand reasons for non-compliance with the maternal health guidelines. These results, insights, and experiences are valuable to the communities of health, public health, and health informatics persons who are practitioners or researchers in the area of addressing issues of quality in maternal health services.


the Romans, as to the Hebrews, their history, conceived of as directed by divine providence, was a kind of national charter that claimed their loyalty, defined their aspirations, and welded them together into a unity. What gave the Greeks their common character and purpose was not responsibility to a divinely ordained mission but loyalty to shared style which their forebears had shaped and which set them apart from other men. The repository of style was a collection of ancient books, and these were the agency for initiating oncoming generations into the norms of Greekhood, especially where Greekhood was in danger of disintegration. The first thing that any group of Greek immigrants did, when they settled in the countries of the Near and Middle East during the Hellenistic Age, was to establish a school, in which the books studied were not recent or practical but the classical poets, with Homer at their head. Why the remote and minuscule Trojan War when the recent upheavals caused by Alexander and his successors were so much larger in scope and more immediate in interest? Clearly because Homer continued to be regarded as the most effective vehicle for communicating the essentials of Greek style. Style is what sets man above the animal, what motivates him to transcend his reflexes; and Homer illustrates the style appropriate to heroes and the style appropriate to reporting their heroism. Achilles transcended reflexes when he preferred a short and glorious life to a long and brutish one; in another spiritual climate a man might turn the other cheek or walk the second mile. So obsessed is he with his own image that he refuses to help his comrades in their desperate need and yet is never called traitor for


The submitted paper examines the so-called Kharkov trial, i.e., the trial that took place before the military authorities of Soviet Union in December 1943 and which is often described as one of the first trials of Nazi war criminals. The causes of the trial, as well as its course and subsequent national and international responses to it are analyzed. The aim of the article is to present the information about the above-mentioned trial and to point out some procedural elements that could have served as inspiration for future trials of war criminals, but also to recall the terrible crimes committed in the Kharkov region at a time when Ukraine is facing another unjustified invasion and aggression.


Tracheal lacerations are iatrogenic, localized, low impact injuries with longitudinal tears (in about 1:20,000 intubations). In contrast traumatic tracheobronchial ruptures are high velocity injuries with horizontal transections. Between 1986 and 2002, we treated 27 tracheobronchial injuries (8 bronchial 3 of them iatrogenic, 19 tracheal 17 of them iatrogenic (þ1 horizontal rupture þ 1 tracheoesophageal stabbing)). Extension of the tears 5 – 12 cm. All bronchial ruptures, the tracheal rupture as well as six iatrogenic tracheal tears have been managed operatively. All the other underwent conservative treatment. Indications: (1) critically ill patients, (2) delay in diagnosis . 72 h, and (3) refusal of operation. It consists in endotracheal intubation for 5 – 9 days. This way we prevent pressure peaks as well as retention achieving a continuous control. Conservative group: 12/13 patients survived, neither stenosis nor megatrachea. Operative group: 1 patient died (MOF), 1 postoperative stenosis (Montgomery tube for 2 months). Tracheobronchial ruptures have to be operated. Lacerations show frequently discret clinical signs, but typical X-rays. They can be dealt with conservatively in the majority of cases as well as operatively. According to our experience, conservative treatment is safe and shows a mortality as low or lower than operative procedures. q 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


With Ianus, a next-generation field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based machine, the authors hope to build a system that can fully exploit the performance potential of FPGA devices. A software platform that simplifies Ianus programming will extend its intended application range to a wide class of interesting and computationally demanding problems.


This study investigates qualified coaches as a requisite for enhanced sports performance of Cross River State at National sports festival. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design of Expost-facto type. The study population consists of 344 sports personnel in the six (6) local government headquarters hosting the six zonal sports offices of the state adopting the total enumeration technique. The questionnaire was the main instrument used to elicit information from 344 sports personnel, out of which 270 (78.5%) copies of the questionnaire were duly completed and returned. The data collected were analyzed using frequency count, percentages and table with the aid of SPSS Version 21. The findings show that personnel have working experience, 65 accounting for 57% rated higher. Coaches had teacher's Grade II Certificate, while some on the whole had professional certificate 2 and few were graduates. The study also revealed that two sports which are judo and wrestling have 1 – 2 coaches each while there are 3 – 4 Coaches each in badminton, basketball, tennis, squash, swimming and volleyball. Athletics, handball, soccer, and table tennis have more than 4 coaches while boxing, cricket, cycling, hockey, marathon taekwondo and weight lifting had no coach at all. The coach should have Psychological and communicative knowledge and ability, as an analyzer, a coach needs the appropriate analytical tool together with theoretical and real-life pattern of interpretation in order to initiate a formulation of the problem that is appropriate to the client's particular issue and specify objective to bring about change. A coach should be able to reflect on both his analyses as well as his methods with regard to the underlying conception of humanity.


This method yields axially chiral chloroallenes with good enantioselectivity, which can be further transformed to trisubstituted allenes or terminal alkynes with propargylic quarternary stereocenters.


The so-called urban-rural borders represent a territorial phenomenon that presents itself as different kinds of landscape, according to the social dynamics of each settlement. Some of those are representative of their historical sprout or boom time, and others of their location. Urban-rural borders represent nowadays a very outstanding development in major cities particularly in developing countries.


A lateral rust keusik delivery mechanism for feeding an adjustable chulmul in the side recording chroma front shaft, adjustable hagoseo accommodate chulmul and the front end of front shaft 12 so as to propelling the irradiated chulmul from the opening, leading to a side portion of the front shaft 12, knock button 20 provided able to infestation on the outer sleeve, on the inside of the front shaft 12 of the nokteu button 20 acts to clockwise or counterclockwise according to the knock operation of the knock button 20 turning off the other hand, the knock rotating in either direction of rotation of the rotary member 30, a piston for feeding the irradiated chulmul 40 and the rotary member 30 that rotates above and is in the opposite direction the piston (40 ) has a structure with a conversion mechanism for converting the axial direction in the forward movement front shaft 12 of the.


Background: Hereditary stomatocytosis (HSt) is a group of congenital hemolytic anemia caused by abnormally increased cation permeability of erythrocyte membranes. The most common subtype is dehydrated HSt (DHSt), and heterozygous mutations of the mechanosensitive calcium channel gene PIEZO1 have been associated with it most frequently. DHSt is suspected by screening tests such as erythrocyte morphology, cation concentration measurements inside and outside the erythrocyte membrane, or osmotic gradient ektacytometry; target-captured sequencing (TCS) is used for definitive diagnosis. We have shown that an increase in the residual red cells (%RRC) in a quantitative osmotic fragility test using a flow cytometer (FCM-OF) is useful as a screening test for DHSt.
 Purpose: We report the clinical findings and mutation spectrum of Japanese patients with DHSt confirmed by genetic testing.
 Methods: From April 2015 to June 2021, 27 patients who had a clinical diagnosis of DHSt and provided written consent were genetically tested. The clinical indications were hemolytic anemia with stomatocytes, accompanied by hemochromatosis, a family history, perinatal edema, and severe jaundice. Laboratory tests showed increased MCV, and subjects with an increased %RRC in FCM-OF were analyzed. TCS was performed using a hemolytic anemia-related gene panel.
 Results: Of the 27 patients, 14 had PIEZO1 variants, 3 had KCNN4 variants, and 2 had ABCB6 variants, for a total of 19 cases diagnosed as HSt. There was 1 SPTB mutation, 1 GCLC mutation, and 6 cases without mutations in genes known to be related to hemolytic anemia. There were 12 previously reported mutations (KCNN4: R352H, PIEZO1: V598M, T2014I, R2488Q, E2496ELE) and 5 novel mutations (KCNN4: P204R, A279T, PIEZO1: 427_428ins9AA, A1457V, K2323T).Notably, 5 E2496ELE mutations were found in unrelated individuals. There were no differences in age at diagnosis and severity of anemia between the E2496ELE mutation and other PIEZO1 mutations, but jaundice was more severe in patients with the E2496ELE mutation (p=0.007).The median age at diagnosis of the DHSt patients was 28 years (range: 2 months to 89 years); there were 6 men and 11 women. Three patients underwent splenectomy, and 2 patients with PIEZO1 mutations had postoperative thrombosis; 1 KCNN4 mutation had no complications, but no improvement in hemolytic anemia. Six patients had gallstones, 3 had fetal ascites, and 11 received red blood cell transfusions. Laboratory test results showed median Hb 10.4 g/dL (6.9-15.6), median MCV 99.7 fL (85-127.4), median MCHC 35.6% (33-39), and median T-Bil 3.4 mg/dL (0.5-37.9). The median ferritin level was 569.3 ng/mL (87.1-3895); of the 14 patients whose ferritin was measured at the time of diagnosis, 6 had already exceeded 1,000 ng/mL. The FCM-OF showed high values in all 16 cases tested.
 Discussion: Genetic testing was performed on cases in which DHSt was suspected based on clinical findings, smears, and FCM-OF; the diagnosis of DHSt was confirmed at a high percentage. As previously reported, the severity of hemolytic anemia was wide-ranging, and many cases of hemochromatosis were observed. The PIEZO1 mutation is the most common in the Japanese population, and the number of E2496ELE mutations is particularly conspicuous. Patients carrying E2496ELE mutations are reported to have a younger age at diagnosis and more severe hematological findings than other mutations; however, our results showed no significant differences in age at diagnosis or degree of anemia. Since the correlation between PIEZO1 gene mutation and phenotype has not yet been clarified, further research is considered necessary.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


ABSTRACT In vitro proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was used to measure virus-specific cell-mediated immunity (vCMI) following neonatal woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) infection. Fifteen neonates were inoculated with the W8 strain of WHV. In 11, infection was resolved, and 4 became chronic carriers. Nineteen neonates were inoculated with the W7 strain and all became chronic carriers. Seven age-matched uninfected woodchucks served as controls. Virologic and vCMI profiles among the W8 and W7 infections were compared and related to the outcome of infection. Resolving woodchucks had robust, acute-phase vCMI to WHV antigens (core, surface, and x) and to several nonoverlapping core peptides. The acute-phase vCMI was associated temporally with the clearance of viral DNA and of surface antigen from serum at 14 to 22 weeks postinfection. In contrast, in approximately half of the W8 and W7 infections that progressed to chronicity, no significant acute-phase vCMI was detected. In the remaining carriers, acute-phase vCMI was observed, but it was less frequent and incomplete compared to that of resolved woodchucks. Serum viral load developed less rapidly in those carriers that had evidence of acute-phase vCMI, but it was still increased compared to that of resolving woodchucks. Thus, vigorous and multispecific acute-phase vCMI was associated with resolution of neonatal WHV infection. Absent or incomplete acute-phase vCMI was associated with the progression to chronic infection. By analogy, these results suggest that the onset of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans may be associated with deficiencies in the primary T-cell response to acute HBV infection.


This study investigated the effects of adding short-chain and long-chain inulins on the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and the physicochemical and sensory properties (appearance, structure-texture, odor and taste) of probiotic yogurt during cold storage. The inulin-supplemented yogurt batches were compared with control batches of unsupplemented yogurt and L. rhamnosus-inoculated yogurt. The inulins were incorporated at 2% w/w in the yogurt mixtures that were inoculated with L. rhamnosus and mixed cultures of Streptococcus thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. The contents of organic acids (lactic, citric, acetic, propionic, formic and butyric) profile were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the viability of L. rhamnosus (6.71 log10 cfu/g) in probiotic yogurt was enhanced by the presence of short-chain inulin (RSI). Consequently, yogurt with short-chain inulin (RSI) received higher scores for odor, taste and overall acceptance than did yogurt containing long-chain inulin (RLI). However, the chain lengths of the inulins did not significantly affect the consistency, product appearance or the organic acid profile.

Practical Applications
Inulin is a natural component of some fruits and vegetables and widely used in functional foods for its nutritional benefits. In addition to its health promoting properties, as a dietetic fibre and as a prebiotic ingredient inulin has technological properties, as a low-calorie sweetener, fat substitute and texture modifier. Inulin also promotes healthy probiotic bacteria grown in the colon and enhances calcium absorption and immune functions. This study provided information on the effects of short-chain and long-chain inulin on the properties of probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus.


Abstract Synthesis of chiral α-aminophosphonates and their transport properties (rates, enantioselectivity) as membrane carriers for oxy and amino acids are discussed.


A design and implementation of video switch array add in card is provided. The core control logic is designed in VHDL and implemented by programmable device, which achieve a high reliability. An application program interface based on device driver is designed to provide all the functions. It is very flexible and low cost, as the hardware fulfill the basic switch function only and most of the processing is performed by PC.


IEEE 802.11 DCF is a distributed MAC specification for WLAN, which provides two mechanisms, i.e. basic mechanism and RTC/CTS mechanism. This paper defines a fairness index metric to evaluate the fairness between these two mechanisms, and conducts simulation to evaluate the fairness of network when simultaneously making use of these two mechanisms and the fairness between these two mechanisms. Simulation results denote that both of the fairness of network and the fairness between these two mechanisms are good for different network sizes and different packet sizes.


Introduction It is known that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in vivo by cell aerobic metabolism cause multiple damage in different cell organelles and kill not only obligate anaerobes and microaerophilles, but also aerobes [1, 2]. ROS generated by phagocytes and representatives of normal microflora are an important component of macroorganism defense from most pathogens, which is explained by their ability to damage different biological structures [3]. ROS have high reactivity and let us use them in vitro as effective biocides. Hydrogen peroxide is widely used in many industries, in particular, in medicine and veterinary as antiseptic and disinfectant agent due to its safety for environment and broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity including spore-forming bacteria [4]. However, in the recent years certain decrease of background sensitivity of microorganisms to hydrogen peroxide and occurrence of resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms to this agent has been noted. The authors anticipate the existence of two dosedependent mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of hydrogen peroxide: in the first one, at the influence of hydrogen peroxide's low concentrations, cells' death occurs mainly due to DNA damaging, whereas in the second one, at the influence of high concentrations, cells' death occurs due to other organelles' damaging [1]. The high cytotoxicity level of hydrogen peroxide in low concentration is explained by formation of radical oxygen species, in particular, hydroxyl radicals. The hydroxyl radical is a power oxidizer with a short lifetime, which reacts with proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Indeed, in high quantities its damaging effect also involves other cell structures [5]. It is should be noted that the possibility of ROS forming in the cell is limited by low concentration of transition metal ions even with high content of hydrogen peroxide. Bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide is also limited by catalase activity level and existence of intracellular antioxidant pool [6]. In the paper [7] the authors have suggested that oxygen coupled by metal ion in aerobic metabolism can react with decarboxylation of ketoglutaric acid and form monoperoxysuccinic acid (MPSA) that can be a hydroxylating agent [6]. It is known that MPSA is a highly reacting and unstable compound and it can be easy obtained by perhydrolysis reaction (with hydrogen peroxide excess) of commercially available peroxydisuccinic acid (PDSA) [9]:


Let M n be an n-dimensional complete connected and oriented hypersurface in a hyperbolic space H n+1 (c) with constant k-th mean curvature Hk > 0(k < n) and with two distinct principal curvatures, one of which is simple. In this paper, we show that M n is isometric to the Riemannian product H 1 (c1) × S ni1 (c2) or H ni1 (c1) × S 1 (c2), 1


Motion blurred image restoration is the important subject of blurred image restoration,this paper presents a method of horizontal motion blurred image restoration based on Radon tranform.Firstly,the paper gets the blurred length of the image by Radon transform of horizontal motion blurred image,thus obtain PSF;then using Wiener filtering and histogram equalization combining method to recover the blurred image.Experiments show that this method can be used to achieve a better restoration effect,and it is feasible and effective.


We use the non-perturbative gauge field approach to study the effects of spin orbit coupling on the dynamic of magnetic moment. We present a general equation of motion (EOM) which unifies i) the spin orbit coupling effect derived from the SU(2) spin gauge field, and ii) the moment chirality effect previously derived from the topological U(1)xU(1) rotation gauge under the adiabatic condition. We present a modified Landau-Liftshitz-Gilbert equation and discuss the implication of the modified EOM in various technological applications, such as current-induced switching and trajectory of magnetic moments in spin-valve multilayers, magnetic memory and diluted magnetic semiconductor.


Background: While there is consensus that significant extrathyroidal extension (ETE) (T4) should upstage a patient with well-differentiated thyroid cancer, the importance of minimal ETE (T3) remains controversial. Additionally, the importance of nodal metastases on prognosis has come under scrutiny. Recent publications highlight the importance of size, number of positive nodes, and, in particular, the presence of extranodal extension (ENE) as measures of disease aggressiveness. In this study, we examined whether ETE is a predictor of ENE. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted from January 2004 to March 2013. All node-positive patients who underwent total or completion thyroidectomy were included. Histologic features defined by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) protocol for thyroid carcinoma were recorded. Results: A total of 193 patients qualified for review. Patients who were found to have ETE were 12 times more likely to have lymph nodes in the primary setting with ENE than patients wit...


In order to investigate the effect of top-plates on mechanism of soil-reinforcement of cut-off slope with steel bars, pull-out tests employing top-plates with various sizes, and model tests simulating a sliding force acting on the cut-off slope, were performed.From this experimental study, it was made clear that not only do the top-plates act as bearing plates for pull-out force, but also they play an important role in mobilization of friction force acting on the reinforcing bars. Thus, followings were concluded; Top-plates are indispensable to soil-reinforcement of cut-off slope with steel bars, and there exists an optimum size of top-plates for causing effectively the friction force on the bars.


The invention provides a method for preparing 2-[(6-chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)methyl]-4-fluorobenzonitrile, and belongs to the technical field of pharmacy. The method comprises: performing bromination reaction on 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile and a bromination reagent to obtain a first product, then reacting the first product with 6-chloro-3-methyluracil in an alkali and a solvent for a period, then adding a catalyst, and performing reaction and post-processing, so as to obtain the target product. The catalyst is selected from one or more of diethyl phosphite, dimethyl phosphite and diphenyl phosphite. The provided method does not need to separate and purify 2-bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile, and is capable of obtaining the high-purity product at a high yield by adding the catalyst, and is low in cost and suitable for industrial production.


Cooperative lane-change has received considerable attention since the rapid development of vehicle-to-vehicle communication and intelligent transportation system. In this paper a dynamic cooperative lane-change maneuver is proposed, aiming to maintain safety both on the early stage of lane-change maneuver and during the lane-change process. The variable states of surrounding vehicles are taken into consideration. To fit this condition, an improved minimum safety spacing (MSS) model is established, which can calculate safe distance between every two vehicles for each time point during the lane-change process. Based on the calculation results of MSS model, a dynamic lane-change trajectory planning and re-planning method is proposed to obtain safe trajectories and avoid collisions. To verify the validity of the maneuver, some typical lane change scenarios as well as the influence of communication are simulated. The results indicate that the proposed maneuver can achieve efficient and safe cooperative lane-change behavior under complicated conditions when there is no speed limit on the surrounding vehicles.


Purpose Our purpose was to evaluate the association between hematologic markers and mortality and adverse events in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Patients and Methods A total of 311 patients with ESCC treated with nCRT from 2012 to 2014 were enrolled retrospectively. The Kaplan–Meier method with a Log rank test was used to calculate five-year overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to determine the cut-off values for hematologic markers. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression analysis model. Model performance was evaluated by predicted nomogram, concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. Results Median follow-up was 22 months. High pretreatment platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR, p = 0.047) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, p = 0.027) were significantly associated with pathologic complete response (pCR). In multivariate analysis, smoking history, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, PLR, and SII were independent factors to predict five-year OS. Multivariate analysis showed a lower neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at baseline (p = 0.007) was significantly associated with development of grade ≥3 hematologic toxicity, and none of inflammatory biomarkers could predict grade ≥3 non-hematologic toxicity or radiation pneumonitis (RP). Conclusion SII and PLR were independent indicators to predict prognosis in patients with ESCC treated with nCRT, and a lower NLR at baseline was an independent indicator to predict grade ≥3 hematologic toxicity.


Learned by analyzing China's fertility, mortality and natural growth rate of population of recent 50 years, China has completed the population transition process from the traditional population reproduction to a modern one. Furthermore, through analyzing the population transition style of recent 50 years and probing into the developing mechanism, it is pointed out that the key reason for the population transition lies in social economic development and family planning policies.


The Cham community is a component of the population of the kingdom of
Champa proven to have existed from the year 192 to 1835. Throughout its
history, some of the Cham people left their homeland in search of safety in
neighboring countries, including Cambodia. This article attempts to discuss
not only the various factors causing their emigrations, started in the tenth
century, but also ways they settled in Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia,
Autralia, France, the United States and some other countries, and lastly
highlights the means they organize themselves internationally


I study a model of repeated elections with both symmetric learning about candidate ability and moral hazard. In this model, candidates choose how to allocate their resources between constituency service and policy work. Early in their careers, they devote excessive time to constituency service in an attempt to manipulate voter learning. Since voters use elections to select better candidates, incumbents become more confident of reelection over time and reduce the distortion in their effort allocations. I embed the basic model in a common agency framework to study seniority norms in legislative organization. The model organizes many of the stylized facts about elections and congressional organization, including retrospective voting, the incumbency advantage, the dynamics of effort allocation over a career, the importance of constituency service, and seniority norms in committee assignments. Copyright 2005, Oxford University Press.


Abstract : The main research effort has been concerned in trying to obtain a better understanding as well as to give some insight of the turbulent boundary layer characteristics such that exist on future hypersonic vehicles. The major portion of the experimental effort has been performed at the New York University high Reynolds number Mach 6 facility. In order to understand in detail the boundary layer characteristics, detailed flow field mapping has been performed in several of the research efforts. Several problems requiring semiviscous inviscid interaction problems have been solved by utilizing the vorticity techniques. In addition, research has been performed in a spectrum of related fields. (Author)


Contemporary measurement of several quantities takes out the information signal to have so independent parameters as the number of measured quantities. These quantities (e.g. temperature, pressure, concentration, ...) influence refractive index of the optical fiber or optical channel and the magnitude of light energy in this way. Resolution of single contribution is possible if the measured quantities are linearly independent. Then their resultant operating can be expressed as linearly combination of the all quantities. The signal independent parameters are possible to get with Fourier analysis of the output sensor signal. If the intensity-based sensor is excited with composed periodic signal (with known amplitude and frequency structure) then the change of the optical channel properties is appeared as the change of the amplitude frequency structure. It follows from Fourier analysis that every harmonic component behaves as independent signal and can be used for measurement. Sensor matrix or sensor network matrix is the result as well as calibration matrix.


On the basis of a panel study in rural Tamil Nadu, some analytical and comparative studies across India, and the ARIS-REDS survey, I discuss the changing scenario of rural change, the growth of non-farm activities and income, and State interventions until the first decade of the twenty-first century. The overall conclusion is that there are strong evidences of a slow but stable growth of income with non-farm income now being as important as farm income, and a slow reduction in relative poverty.


As a prelude to a large ecological quality assessment study, the Sô River, a watercourse in southern Benin, has been characterized on the hydrological and morphological levels. The study was conducted for a year from June 2015 to May 2016 with a monthly frequency of data collection. At the end of this large sampling campaign, the determination of the long and crosssectional profiles of the Sô River made it possible to clearly distinguish a upper course, an average course and a lower course, all characterized by morphological and riverine diversity. These sectors have particular biophysical characteristics. The representation of the bathymetric map of the river shows an average depth of 3m and a maximum of 6.5m. Finally, river flow facies have some general structural and functional uniformity in terms of current velocity, bathymetry, substrate particle size, bed slope and cross-sectional profiles. All this militates in favor of a dynamic equilibrium of the Sô River reflecting a good hydro-morphological state except for its slightly disturbed lower course.


Background:Problem wound healing remains challenging for plastic surgeon who deal with diabetic individuals with foot complications. Diabetic neuropathy and angiopathy are important factors contributing to diabetic foot ulceration. Effective treatments for diabetic motor, sensory, autonomic neural dysfunction and shortage of collateral circulation are lacking.Aim and Objectives:We hypothesized that programmed hyperbaric oxygenation would improve the cutaneous collateral circulation and autonomic nervous system modulation in individuals with diabetic mellitus. The purpose of this study was to validate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the dysfunctions of the autonomic nervous system and regional cutaneous microcirculation in diabetic rats.Materials and Methods:Wireless telemetric signals of systemic arterial pressure and pulse-pulse intervals were obtained from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We analyzed the effects of ten 60-minute hyperbaric oxygenation treatments (100% oxygen, and 3 absolute atmospheres) on daily blood pressure variability and heart rate variability. Cutaneous microcirculation was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry before and after epigastric flap elevation.Results:Hyperbaric oxygenation led to a significant reduction in systemic arterial pressure and low-frequency power of blood pressure variability and resulted in a significant increase in pulse-pulse interval and high frequency power of heart rate variability. Collateral cutaneous blood flow to the epigastric flaps significantly decreased in diabetic rats. The blood flow was significant increased in diabetic rats that underwent hyperbaric oxygenation.Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively increases the collateral cutaneous circulation in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. It would be related to increasing of the cardiac vagal modulation and decreasing of the vascular sympathetic activities.


Abstract The Tunisian poet al-Mīdānī b. Ṣāliḥ's work not only reflects a clear preoccupation with themes of innocence and maturity, but also displays interesting stages of maturation on both personal and literary levels. It also echoes different stages in modern Tunisian and Arab intellectual and political history. This article traces the different stages in this poet's literary and intellectual experience, and through him assesses the poetic and literary scene in Tunisia and the Arab world in the second half of the twentieth century.


The vulnerability response characteristics for three kinds of typical solid propellants under shaped charge jet impact were studied using shaped charge jet as standard jet source.The influences of formula,impact direction(axial or radial)of jet source and charge size on the vulnerability response of solid propellant were analyzed.The results show that the response extent of propellant to axial jet stimulation is greater than that of propellant to radial jet stimulation.Under the conditions of kilogram dosage and length/diameter ratio as 4∶1and 1∶1,the response in the jet stimulus for three kinds of typical propellants has no obvious change and stronger reaction happened.The reaction rating of HTPB composite propellant,CMDB propellant and NEPE propellant is in the order:explosion, parts of detonation and parts of detonation.


Overall cancer death rates have continued to drop in the United States in recent years, but rates are rising for melanoma of the skin and for cancers of the liver, pancreas and uterus, according to a recent report.


The question of large claims in insurance is, evidently, a very important one, chiefly if we consider it in relation with reinsurance. To a statistician it seems that it can be approached, essentially, in two different ways. The first one can be the study of overpassing of a large bound, considered to be a critical one. If N(t) is the Poisson process of events (claims) of intensity v, each claim having amounts Yi, independent and identically distributed with distribution function F(x), the compound Poisson process where a denotes the critical level, can describe the behaviour of some problems connected with the overpassing of the critical level. For instance, if h(Y, a) = H(Y − a), where H(x) denotes the Heavside jump function (H(x) = o if x < o, H(x) = 1 if x ≥ o), M(t) is then the number of claims overpassing a; if h(Y, a) = Y H(Y − a), M(t) denotes the total amount of claims exceeding the critical level; if h(Y, a) = (Y − a) H(Y − a), M(t) denotes the total claims reinsured for some reinsurance policy, etc. Taking the year as unit of time, the random variables M(1), M(2) − M(1), … are evidently independent and identically distributed; its distribution function is easy to obtain through the computation of the characteristic function of M(1). For details see Parzen (1964) and the papers on The ASTIN Bulletin on compound processes; for the use of distribution functions F(x), it seems that the ones developed recently by Pickands III (1975) can be useful, as they are, in some way, pre-asymptotic forms associated with tails, leading easily to the asymptotic distributions of extremes.


Helen Au-Yang Eigenvectors of the superintegrable chiral Potts model We show that the eigenspaces of eigenvalues (1−ωt) +ω(1− t) of the τ2(t) matrix of size N×N are degenerate. In the Q = 0 case, it has 2 independent eigenvectors, where r = L(N − 1)/N and L is chosen to be a multiple of N . They can be written in terms of the generators of r simple sl2 algebras, E±m and Hm (m = 1, · · · , r). Next we use a result of Baxter on the correponding 2 eigenvalues of the transfer matrix of the N-state superintegrable chiral Potts model and show that in this sector the transfer matrix can also be expressed in terms of these generators. Finally, the corresponding 2 eigenvectors are given in terms of rotated eigenvectors of Hm.


High density,well ordered,vertically aligned and uniform titanium oxide nanotube arrays were fabricated on the surface of pure titanium sheet by direct electrochemical anodic oxidation under 20V in electrolyte of 0.5wt%NaF +1mol/L Na2SO4.Then TiO2 nano-tube array were annealed in ammonia for 2h,Ag nano-particles were deposited photocatalytically on the N-doped TiO2 nano-tube surface.XRD,SEM and XPS techniques were used to characterize titanium oxide nanotube arrays.Results show that photoelectron-degradation efficiency of Ag/TiO2-xNx nano-tubes under UV-light is about 39.68% higher than that of TiO2 nano-tubes;and photoelectro-degradation efficiency of Ag/TiO2-xNx nano-tubes under visible light is 12% higher than that of TiO2 nano-tubes.After photoelectron-degradation under visible hight for 16h,the degradation rate of mathylene blue with initial concentration of 10×10-6mol/L is 50.53%.


ABSTRACT The present study examines Holocaust education and professional teacher development in Greece. It briefly reviews the history of Greek Jewry and the stance and significance of Holocaust education within the Greek education system from historical, political, and pedagogical dimensions. The study also compares various approaches, themes, and contexts implemented at the Jewish Museum of Greece (JMG) teacher seminars, with Jewish Education System of North America (JESNA) criteria designed for Holocaust teacher development programs. While serving as a guide, the study demonstrates how seminar organizers can provide teachers with the means of incorporating their local, regional, national, and global history and memory when teaching about the Holocaust.


Unprotected left main trifurcations (ULMT) are highly challenging lesions for the interventionalist. There is still no evidence on the best revascularization strategy, and the risk of short-term procedural complications and long-term adverse outcomes remains high.
 We report the case of a 62-years-old with multiple risk factors and a high bleeding risk attributable to severe pancytopenia. Due to an episode of unstable angina, he underwent coronary angiography showing a left main stem (LM) trifurcation with critical ostial left anterior descending (LAD) stenosis, and a proximal LAD sub-occlusive lesion extending to the ostium of the first diagonal (D1) Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) consisted of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided deployment of two drug-eluting stents (DES) from LM to mid-LAD.
 One year later he was admitted for chest pain relapse. Coronary angiogram demonstrated critical in-stent restenosis at the proximal LAD and sub-occlusions of ostial ramus intermediate (RI) and ostial circumflex (Cx) (Figure 1).
 Re-do PCI consisted of multiple pre-dilations and deployment of a DES on proximal-mid LAD within the previous stent, with two sequential triple kissing inflations on LAD-RI-Cx (Figure 2). Angioplasty on RI and Cx was accomplished with two drug-coated balloons (DCBs) kissing inflation, followed by final triple kissing, with an optimal angiographic result (Figure 3).
 In our opinion, the combined use of DCBs and main branch stenting, further optimized by multiple triple kissing balloons, seems to be the most harmonious approach to treat such complex coronary lesions, where the use of multiple stenting strategies might be an overly cumbersome strategy, especially when an intrinsic bleeding risk makes long or powerful anti-thrombotic protocols not feasible.


There exists certain relevance between many different courses generally, and usually a course is also a prerequisite for other courses. However, under current credit system, students have many choices in taking courses and arranging the course sequences, generally resulting in different achievements for students of different course sequences and different teaching efficiency. Based on the method of granular computing and analysis of association rules, this paper aims to provide students with reasonable suggestions on their course choices by studying the affecting relationship between different courses and their knowledge association rules. The simulation and the actual score data analysis are presented.


ClearView™ is a single-use radiochromic 3D dosimeter designed by Modus Medical Devices Inc. Some of the dosimetric characteristics of this gel, such as response as a function of dose and as a function of energy were investigated. Moreover, a 400 mL jar was irradiated with a 1x1 cm2 field and PDD and cross-profiles were compared to those obtained with active detectors. Small volumes of gels were found to exhibit a linear response to dose in the dose range 10-80 Gy. Promising PDD and cross profiles were obtained. Artefacts obtained in high resolution for the PDD are suspected to come from small inhomogeneities in the gel.


"The tongue of man is a twisty thing" -- HomerEhlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) comprises a group of inheritable connective tissue diseases. The diagnosis


"The Commission adopts a Decision against Unilever concerning freezer cabinet exclusivity in the Irish ice cream market"* On 11 March 1998, the Commission adopted a Decision condemning…


At present, one of the important tasks of the ongoing college English teaching reform is to reform the traditional teaching mode,establishing the computer-based multimedia English teaching model. Based on the constructivist theory and the second language acquisi-tion theory, teachers who adopt the new teaching model should play multiple roles to maximize the teaching effect, being not only thecourse designer, organizer, but also the guide, helper and facilitator in the process of teaching students to construct knowledge and be en-gaged in classroom activities as well.


The purpose of this study is to describe the oral tradition in marriage customs in Nagan Raya District, Aceh Province. The problem method in this thesis is the historical method or the historical method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Sources of data used in this study are residents who are in the district of Nagan Raya, Aceh Province. In this study, the subjects were several villages in Nagan Raya district (Nagan Raya residents, parents who understand local customs and Sheikh ca'e and sheikh pantun seumapa). Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results of data analysis show that there are several positions in the marriage customs of Nagan Raya district, Aceh Province, namely the manoe pucok, in which the procession includes the peusijuk process and watering by family and close relatives for linto baroe or dara baroe. As for the rhyme process, the one who leads is the sheikh from both sides, which also begins with bismillah and shalawat to the prophet Muhammad SAW.


The present study is focused to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (Rutaceae) against four different microorganisms viz Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Z. armatum is extensively used in indigenous system of medicine as a tonic, carminative, stomachic and antihelmintic. Present investigation is an attempt to reveal the antibacterial activity of the chloroform, methanol and acetone extracts of Z. armatum bark using the well diffusion method against four different bacterial strains. Highest ZOI was observed in acetone extract against S. aureus (42.3 mm) followed by methanolic extract against S. aureus (28.7mm) while highest chloroform extract against were found P .vulgaris (28.3 mm). Overall the methanol and acetone extract of bark was found to be more effective for S. aureus and chloroform extract for P. vulgaris. The results of the extracts were compared with the standard antibiotics.


OFDM has been proposed for IEEE 802.16, WiMax system. At the receiver, the knowledge of symbol timing is required for the signal demodulation in the system. Without symbol synchronization, the effects of ISI will degrade the system performance in the system. This paper proposes a non-data aided symbol synchronization algorithm employing the conjugate symmetry character in the BPSK-OFDM modulated signal. Under an AWGN channel, based on the performance of synchronization error rate and the estimator mean square error, the proposed algorithm is with a tremendous improvement compared with previous proposed method. Besides, under a multipath fading channel, the performance on the estimator mean square error with the proposed algorithm is similar to that with the previous proposed one. However, the performance of synchronization error rate with the proposed algorithm is better than that with the previous proposed method


Through optimized simulation and analytic calculation to the gas fractionation equipment of the oil refinery of JCIC,the problems existing in the original production technology were found,and the best transform scheme was put forward to optimize the technology,expand production and save energy.This scheme was implemented successfully on the production plant.After transformation,the energy consumption descends from 2884 MJ/t to 2173.6 MJ/t,and production capacity increases from 120 000 tons per year to 150 000 tons.Newly increased benefit from saving energy and expanding production capacity is 24.320 million yuan per year.A sum of 5.8 million yuan was invested,and the investment recovery period was less than 3 months.The depropane tower and the self-developed high efficiency packing have many merits such as high production capacity,high separation efficiency,low pressure drop,high operation elasticity,low recycle ratio and low energy consumption.


In this paper we continue to study billiards with flat points, by constructing a spec family of dispersing billiards with cusps. All boundaries of the table have positive curvature except that the curvature vanishes at the vertex of a cusp, i.e. there is a pair of boundaries intersection at the flat point tangentially. We study the mixing rates of this one-parameter family of billiards with parameter $\beta\in (2,\infty)$, and show that the correlation functions of the collision map decay polynomially with order $\cO(n^{-\frac{1}{\beta-1}})$ as $n\to\infty$. In particular, this solves an open question raised by Chernov and Markarian \cite{CM05}.


In the two-stage slide valve direct feedback servo valve,the moving coil linear motor has the problems of large weight,small electromagnetic force,long response time and small response speed.Through analyzing permanent magnet placement methods and the permanent magnet magnetization direction,it was found that the magnetic induction line was not uniform distribution,the magnetic flux density was low and not vertical with the coil current direction.Based on current technology,a new type of five rings Halbach magnetic array coil linear motor was presented through placing three groups of coils according to the different axial direction of magnetic induction line.The simulation results of static magnetic field and dynamic characteristics show that the electromagnetic force of the new motor is increased about 2.5 times than before,step response time is 6 ms,and the bandwidth is 277 Hz.


This paper deals with the problem of robust guaranteed cost control for generalized discrete time-delay systems with norm-bounded uncertainties. Based on linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, we develop discrete Lyapunov function approach for robust performance analysis and robust stabilization via linear memoryless state feedback.
We show that the feasibility of a linear matrix inequality guarantees the solvability of the addressed robust guaranteed cost control problem. Moreover, we show that the robust guaranteed cost control for the generalized discrete time-delay systems with norm-bound uncertainties can be viewed as an H1 type condition for an uncertainty-free system. We also have presented an upper bound for the cost function of the underlying system with the designed controller for the case of initial state values being a zero mean random variables. An example is given to show the potential of the proposed techniques.


The aim of this paper is to introduced and study the classes of gr* locally closed set and different notions of generalization of continuous functions namely gr*lc-continuity, gr*lc**-continuity and gr*lc**-continuity and their corresponding irresoluteness were studied. Furthermore, the notions of Z-sets, Zrsets and Zr*-sets are used to obtain decompositions of gr*-continuity, gr*-open maps and contra gr*-continuity were investigated.


Company decision to give profits to their investors is based on several reasons including internal policy from the company. Therefore, this study discusses the effects of life cycle and free cash flow on dividend of agricultural companies that listed in Indonesia stock exchange. Independent variables; used are free cash flow, life cycle, firm size, leverage, assets growth, and investment opportunity set. The population in this study is Agricultural company listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the period of 2015 2018. The sample collected using purposive sampling methods. Total of 21 companies were determined as samples. The method of analysis in this study is panel data regression with basis on fixed effect model. The result of this study indicate that the independent variables of free cashflow, life cycle, firm size, leverage, and investment opportunity set have positive impact toward dividend payout ratio while assets growth has negative impact on dividend payout ratio. The result of determination coefficient shows that the independent variables give affect 63.69% against dependent variable.


In this study,saccharomyces cerevisiae waste biomass was entrapped with the mixture of alginate and gelatin.The biosorption of saccharomyces cerevisiae of Pb2+ in single metal system was studied under the different conditions,such as biosorption time,pH,density of bear yeast.The results indicated that the biosorption procession was very fast,pH value had great effect on biosorption,a proper pH scope was at 4-7,the maximum biosorption capacity of unit biomass reached pH 6.The temperature affected the biosorption in a small extent.


Mobile phones are spreading rapidly throughout developing countries. Banks and other firms are increasingly using mobile phones and other non-traditional banking infrastructure, such as phone companies and retail shops, to provide financial services to large, low-income populations in these countries. This article provides a framework for regulating such services.


PhD education in Spain has experienced rapid structural changes. Since its membership into the European Community institutional policies at supra-national and national level have shaped and conditioned such changes. This study focuses on the changes of PhD education policy in Spain. In order to explore and contextualize such changes in the PhD education in Spain, we reviewed several legal documents at supra-national level are reviewed to frame the changes of the PhD education at national level. Moreover, legal documents enacted at national level are reviewed to follow the evolution of the PhD education in Spain.


Abstract
LET-distributions have been measured with 0.5 in. diameter Rossi-type proportional counter at 11 points in and around a 200-1. cube of tissue-equivalent fluid irradiated by 14.7 MeV neutrons. At the maximum depth investigated (35 cm) the dose average proton LET is 15% higher than in free space, but the overall average is 19% lower due to the transfer of 7% of the total dose (excluding gammas) from multiply-charged ions to protons. The net effect is a marginal enhancement of dose in the LET range of maximum RBE. At intermediate depths, the LET distributions lie between the two extremes and vary monotonically with depth. Measurements have also been made to determine the effects of backscattered neutrons, phantom size, and phantom edges on these distributions.


The utility model relates to a scaffold structure for a superstructure of a container ship, and belongs to the technical field of ship repairing and building. The scaffold structure comprises an enclosing eave (1) of the superstructure of the container ship, wherein a plurality of eye plates (2) are arranged on the enclosing eave (1); a supporting rod (3) is fixedly arranged on each eye plate (2); longitudinal beams (4) are arranged on each supporting rod (3); transverse beams (5) are connected between the longitudinal beams (4); cross bars (6) are connected between the transverse beams (5); and a scaffold plate (7) is erected between the cross bars (6). According to the scaffold structure for the superstructure of the container ship, the eye plates are arranged on the enclosing eave of the superstructure and support a scaffold, so that the strength of the scaffold is increased, and the safety performance of the scaffold is high; and the number of round steel required by the scaffold is reduced, so that the workload of constructing and detaching the scaffold is greatly reduced, and time for constructing and detaching the scaffold is greatly shortened.


This paper explains the idea of using wireless sensor networks based system for public addressing system. In this paper, we describe how to transmit audio without wires using a simple concept of wireless sensor network. Though wireless sensor networks are meant for transmitting low-data rate, in our work we extended it to transmit audio. In this work, we have considered Jennic JN5139R1 micro-controller for the implementation system. Jennic micro-controller ported with contiki OS with μIP protocol of IPv6 and UDP service libraries. Novelty of this work is using all open source tools to develop the public addressing system. The work carried out here is transmitting and receiving audio data between two wireless nodes that are interfaced serially with PC.


Chlorine-containing organic compounds (Cl-VOC) require special attention due to their distinct toxicity, high stability and persistence in the environment. Removal of Cl-VOC by catalytic oxidation over a wide variety of catalysts has been presented in literature. This paper reviews the state of the art in this subject, including different model compounds, nature of catalysts, and oxidation activity. Catalyst selectivity (CO2 vs. CO and HCl vs. Cl2), by-products formation and the causes of deactivation are also analyzed as the most important factors in the catalyst selection for practical applications.


Abstract The survival of patients with carcinoma of the endometrium depends on the age of the patient, the medical complications, the histological type of the cancer, and the stage of the disease. The preferred treatment is an extended hysterectomy with selective lymphadenectomy and a generous vaginal cuff. No significant difference is evident in the results of treatment with preoperative radium followed by total hysterectomy as compared with those having a primary total hysterectomy. The radium dosage given to the patients of this series is low and, perhaps the entire series should be regarded as demonstrating the result from primary hysterectomy.


The Human-Centric Intelligent Systems journal is dedicated to publishing latest research concerning theoretical and practical aspects of the healthy, responsible, and positive relation between intelligent technology and humans. Human-centric intelligence is becoming significant because various digital systems surrounding humans are increasingly upgrading because of human input while presenting an effective experience between humans and digital systems. By developing machine intelligence and systems with a goal of understanding human language, emotion and behavior, and interactions between humans and technological systems, human-centric intelligent systems push the boundaries of previously limited artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to bridge the gap between machine and human.


Objective: To investigate clinical observations of the haemostasis and coagulation of acute promyeloblastic leukemia. Methods: In 21 cases of acute premyeloblastic leukemia (APL)who were admitted to hospital for the first time, the plasma thromboxane B2 (TXB 2), von willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), antithrombin III (AT III), fibrogen (Fg), prothrombin (PT) and other haemostatic coagulation parameters were measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA), monoclonic antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and chromogenic peptide substrate assay methed before chemotherapy and after complete remission (CR). Results: It showed the TXB 2, VWF:Ag, AT III, PT, Fg levels were significantly different in APL patients before chemotherapy from the normal control (P0 05, P0 01, P0 01, P0 01, P0 01) and compared with the 13 patients in the same group after CR (P0 05, P0 01, P0 01, P0 01, P0 01 respectively) other haemostatic and coagulation paramethers also demonstrated some changes. Conclusion: The haemostatic and coagulation disturbance may universally exist and multifarious elements contribute to the imbanlance.


Objective:To elucidate the role of ERK1/2 MAPKs signal transduction in the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning during liver transplantation. Methods: Twenty-four rats were equally randomized into 4 groups: sham control (group A); liver transplantation (group B); ischemic preconditioning+liver transplantation (group C), and MEK inhibitor intervention+ischemic preconditioning+liver transplantation (group D). Serum AST and ALT were detected after operation and cellular ultrastructures were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Liver tissue ERK1/2 MAPKs phosphorylation activities were evaluated through determining ERK-1 protein phosphorylation by Western blotting. Results: Serum ALT and AST activity in group B and group D was significantly higher than those in group A, and remained normal in group C. Liver tissue ERK1/2 MAPKs phosphorylation activity increased significantly in group C, and the activation effect was inhibited in group B and D. Cellular ultrastructure was obviously damaged in group B and group D, and the damage was prevented in group C.Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning has a protective effect on transplanted liver cells in which ERK1/2 MAPKs pathway plays a pivotal role.


The paper introduces the intel Nehalem multi-core processors's composition of micro-architecture and it's unique three-level cache model.At the same time,against two special requirements of parallel computer for calculating the performance(Gflops) and energy consumption ratio(Mflop/W),some key technologies used in the Nehalem Core i7 processors are introduced,such as Hyper-Threading,QPI bus,kernel speedup mode and SSE4.2 instruction set,etc.These technologies are necessary for efficient using parallel computer.


Abstract In 1976, Crump, Hoel, Langley, and Peto described how almost any dose‐response relationship for carcinogens becomes linear at low doses when background cancers are taken into account. This has been used, by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USEPA, as partial justification for a regulatory posture that assumes low‐dose linearity, as is illustrated by a discussion of regulation of benzene as a carcinogen. The argument depends critically on the assumption that the pollutant and the background proceed by the same biological mechanism. In this paper we show that the same argument applies to noncancer end points also. We discuss the application to a number of situations: reduction in lung function and consequent increase in death rate due to (particulate) air pollution; reduction in IQ and hence (in extreme cases) mental deficiency due to radiation in utero; reduction of sperm count and hence increase in male infertility due to DBCP exposure. We conclude that, although the biological basis for ...


The article describes how the SCM system control the punch tape reader and read the system program in EEPROM of the SCM system,and introduces that it substitutes punch tape reader of the old MESSER numerical control cutting machine for SCM system and time sequence of the punch tape reader,also it offers method to solve the problem about system program input of the numerical control cutting machine.This system is in operation securly in practice.


Chinese and American Police Administration Supervisory System have their own characteristics.American police pay close attention to the construction of occupational ethics and the behavior standards.Compared with it,our country's police supervisory system has our advantages and disadvantages and we may obtain some beneficial enlightenment from it.


Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a peptide implicated in tissue injury and repair but its role in the premature human lung remains unclear. In the present study, we used a TGF-β responsive-promoter-luciferase construct in mink lung epithelial cells to quantify levels of biologically active TGF-β (BA-TGF-β) in the endotracheal aspirate (ETA) fluid from 16 extremely low birthweight neonates [6 M/10 F, mean GA 26 weeks (range 23–30), mean BW 774 g (range 555–1,075)]. ETA fluid was obtained on day 1 and then every 4 days up to 32 days. BA-TGF-β levels were low (92 ± 19 pg/ml) in the first 24 h of life and then increased 5- to 10-fold with peak BA-TGF-β levels (400 ± 50 pg/ml) on day 20–25. BA-TGF-β levels were higher in male than female infants (p = 0.0056). Prenatal steroids decreased significantly the amount of BA-TGF-β recovered. High initial levels of BA-TGF-β persisted over time and were predictive of the need for oxygen therapy at home. We conclude that abundant BA- TGF-β is present in the lungs of preterm infants and speculate that it may be involved in inflammatory and repair processes encountered in acute and chronic lung disease.


The analysis and performance prediction of gas turbines benefits greatly from the use of one-dimensional mean line modelling, as it can provide reasonably accurate results while requiring fewer geometric inputs and significantly lower computational expenses when compared to higher order methods such as CFD. However, even mean line codes may be limited by the amount of geometric and operational data available, often restricted by Original Equipment Manufacturers for proprietary reasons. This often results in a greater number of assumptions and tuning factors required in order to achieve accurate results. This paper documents the progress in development of a one-dimensional modelling method which requires minimal geometric inputs and tuning factors for analysing the performance of a transonic axial compressor stage, for use in a gas turbine. The minimal input model is achieved through an analogous modelling methodology, whereby the stage's rotor and stator rows are modelled as simple diffusers with flow areas approximately equal to those in the compressor stage. A design point calibration operation is performed to estimate all diffuser flow path areas using a set of industry-knowledge-based assumptions, and blade angles are estimated using widely adopted correlations from open literature. The estimated geometries are then used as inputs for an off-design numerical model. An area correction factor calibration is required to better match the pressure ratio performance map. The model was validated against four well documented NASA axial compressor stages with good agreement. The modelling methodology presented an efficient means of predicting compressor stage pressure ratio performance with acceptable accuracy while requiring minimal inputs. Further work is still required to improve the loss characteristics such that the work and efficiency prediction accuracy is improved.


In continuous optimisation, surrogate models (SMs) are used when tackling real-world problems whose candidate solutions are expensive to evaluate. In previous work, we showed that a type of SMs - radial basis function networks (RBFNs) - can be rigorously generalised to encompass combinatorial spaces based in principle on any arbitrarily complex underlying solution representation by extending their natural geometric interpretation from continuous to general metric spaces. This direct approach to representations does not require a vector encoding of solutions, and allows us to use SMs with the most natural representation for the problem at hand. In this work, we apply this framework to combinatorial problems using the permutation representation and report experimental results on the quadratic assignment problem.


This study was carried out to investigate emission characteristics of non-aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from separation process. There are many sources of non-aromatic VOCs like transport, industry, fuel and so on. To obtain profile of non-aromatic VOCs used in industrial sources, the TRI (Toxic Release Inventory) was con-sidered. It was found that the emission quantity of non-aromatic VOCs from production processes occupied small proportion in total emission. However, in each industrial area using separation process, emission quantity from separation process was not small pro-portion any more. Therefore, the separation process could be a major source of VOCs emission.


First published in 1966, Millgate's text begins with an essay on Faulkner's life and career and proceeds to a treatment of each novel in chronological order, a survey of Faulkner's prolific work in the short story and an assessment of Faulkner's achievement as a whole. Designed to be an accessible study of Faulkner's life and work, it is aimed at both students and general readers.


Dough, in the most basic form, is made by combining water, flour, and energy. The function of traditional instruments, such as the farinograph and the mixograph, is to uniformly distribute the total mass and add energy by rotating the mixing elements (Preston and Kilborn 1984, Hoseney 1985). Water causes the proteins to swell, and the addition of mechanical energy allows them to become organized into a continuous protein matrix (holding starch and other components) that gives dough a unique viscoelastic structure (Schofield and Scott Blair 1932). Mixing can be separated into three distinct elements: distribution of materials, hydration, and energy input to stretch and align protein molecules (Bloksma and Bushuk 1988). The phrase "development" may be associated with the energy input element of mixing. Undeveloped dough as the focus of this study, refers to a homogeneous, hydrated flour. Finished dough would allude to a wheat-flour system that was fully hydrated and developed with the adequate input of energy. The advantage of working with an undeveloped dough is that the influence of the flow field (shear vs. extensional), strain history, and energy input levels on the finished dough (and final product) can be carefully studied. In preparing wheat dough for experimental analysis, the homogeneous distribution of components in the dough system is essential, particularly the uniform distribution of water to hydrate the protein and other flour particles. Traditionally, the hydration phenomenon (and subsequent dough development) is facilitated by the addition of energy input (Kilborn and Tipples 1972, 1975) through the mixing elements of the farinograph, the mixograph or similar equipment. Literature relating the effect of water content on the properties of the dough is very extensive. Although it is well established that dough Theological properties are extremely sensitive to the moisture content (Smith et al 1970, Navickis et al 1982, Abdelrahman and Spies 1985, Dreese et al 1988, Eliasson et al 1991, Berland and Launay 1995), data on the homogeneous distribution of water in the dough systems are not available. Published studies assume, implicitly, that water is uniformly distributed in the dough after the mixing process. There have been some past efforts to produce dough without the addition of mechanical work. Olcott and Mecham (1947) produced dough by mixing powdered ice with flour and holding the mixture in a freezer at -9.40 C for one month before thawing it to room temperature. This study does not detail the method of preparing the powdered ice or the mixing procedure. A method of mixing ice particles and flour was also developed by Davies et al (1969). In their technique, powdered ice is prepared by grinding


SnO2 nanoparticles display a pseudo-negative-photoconductivity (PsdNPC) effect, which shows that their resistance increases under light irradiation via a heating effect. The PsdNPC originates from intensive electron scattering of the nanoamorphous surface state of the SnO2 nanoparticles, resulting in a small inner current and a large absorption of moisture, leading to a large surface current. Graphene as the inner skeleton can shorten the response and recovery times.


In this paper, first of all, based on the chemical process of chlorine water system in-depth comprehensive analysis, aims to clear the chlorine water is composed of a variety of molecules, ions and free radicals in the complex redox system; secondly, we designed six experiments for scientific inquiry on chlorine bleaching effect under the different conditions, and give a reasonable explanation for the experimental results; finally, scientifically summed up the bleaching effect of chlorine water is a process of multiple components of synergy, many influence factors, but the "hero" is still the hypochlorous acid, the chemical principle and bleaching effect of hypochlorous acid to give a scientific explanationand and give a scientific explanation of the chemical principle of bleaching. The research methods are as follows: Contrastive experimental analysis method; Research purposes: Explain the principle and essence of Chlorine bleaching, and further clarify people's vague or even wrong understanding of Chlorine bleaching. Results and conclusions: The bleaching of chlorine water is a very complex physicochemical process with many influencing factors. The structure and properties of Hypochlorous Acid play a decisive role.


Abstract : This final report describes briefly (a) a microwave system for measuring the electron density in decaying plasmas over t density range of about five thousand, (b) an experimental tube for measuring the value of the mobility of positive ions by means of the transit-time method, and (c) the results obtained during the period of the contract. The studies were confined to the rare gas ions and excellent agreement was found between the value of the mobility of atomic and molecular ions as determined from ambipolar diffusion coefficient measurements and those found by means of the ion transit-time method. The influence of the presence of negative ions on the ambipolar diffusion coefficient of electrons was demonstrated. The recombination coefficients of molecular neon and molecular argon ions were found to be independent of pressure and the values were in excellent agreement with previous studies. (Author)


The liberation characteristic and flotability of main minerals in Cu-S ores were different from each other after grinding. Based on the characters above, Some effective selective collectors such as AP or BJ, were used for fast-flotation orpart-selective flotation. As a result, part copper minerals were recovered firstly,improving of Cu-S separation were realized ,and final copper indexes were increased. The new technology was successfully used in Dexing Copper Mine, Dongguashan Copper Mine and Sin Quyen Copper Mine respectively.


This piece of work was undertaken at the suggestion of Prof. W. N. Hartley, who pointed out that it would be of interest to photograph the absorption spectra of sulphur vapour at temperatures corresponding to the two molecular masses S8 and S2, the existence of which has been proved from vapour density determinations. The absorption spectra of the vapour were photographed at temperatures varying from 530°C. up to 900°C. at atmospheric pressure, and at constant temperatures under pressures reduced down to about 10 mm. of mercury.


The three concepts--Reflection Theory of Philosophy, Artistic Reflection Theory and Aesthetic Reflection Theory, were created in different periods and with different senses, which can't be confusing Artistic Reflection Theory brings about artistic of the theory of knowledge, which creates many restrictions To solve the problem, the Theory of Aesthetic Response and Aesthetic Reflection Theory came into existence The latter doesn't certain the former, because their philosophical bases are different, and each has its own specific value The Aesthetic Reflection Theory has a smaller range of use Once it enters into the fields of art and aesthetic, it is hard to walk on


We introduce a restricted second-order logic $\textrm{SO}^{\textit{plog}}$ for finite structures where second-order quantification ranges over relations of size at most poly-logarithmic in the size of the structure. We demonstrate the relevance of this logic and complexity class by several problems in database theory. We then prove a Fagin's style theorem showing that the Boolean queries which can be expressed in the existential fragment of $\textrm{SO}^{\textit{plog}}$ correspond exactly to the class of decision problems that can be computed by a non-deterministic Turing machine with random access to the input in time $O((\log n)^k)$ for some $k \ge 0$, i.e. to the class of problems computable in non-deterministic poly-logarithmic time. It should be noted that unlike Fagin's theorem which proves that the existential fragment of second-order logic captures NP over arbitrary finite structures, our result only holds over ordered finite structures, since $\textrm{SO}^{\textit{plog}}$ is too weak as to define a total order of the domain. Nevertheless, $\textrm{SO}^{\textit{plog}}$ provides natural levels of expressibility within poly-logarithmic space in a way which is closely related to how second-order logic provides natural levels of expressibility within polynomial space. Indeed, we show an exact correspondence between the quantifier prefix classes of $\textrm{SO}^{\textit{plog}}$ and the levels of the non-deterministic poly-logarithmic time hierarchy, analogous to the correspondence between the quantifier prefix classes of second-order logic and the polynomial-time hierarchy. Our work closely relates to the constant depth quasipolynomial size AND/OR circuits and corresponding restricted second-order logic defined by David A. Mix Barrington in 1992. We explore this relationship in detail.


Carbon film coatings have been produced by a hot‐wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method under moderate conditions from pyrolysis of a mixture of propane and argon on an Fe(110) substrate at temperatures of 800–900 °C for different deposition times. The effects of temperature and reaction time on the growth of the carbon films were studied. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and x‐ray diffraction methods have been performed to study the surface morphologies, growth features and microstructures of the carbon film coatings. The FESEM analyses indicated that carbon films on an Fe substrate consisted of flat‐layer and filamentous morphologies. Raman and AES analyses showed that the carbon initially was crystalline but the degree of disorder in the top layer of the carbon film increased with increasing deposition temperature. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy studies are also in agreement with Raman results. The same trend was observed when the deposition time was increased from 5 to 30 min. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


CONTEXT
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) deaths can be prevented by adhering to best practices.

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the adoption of policies and procedures for the recognition and treatment of EHS and the factors influencing the adoption of a comprehensive policy.

DESIGN
Cross Sectional.

SETTING
Online questionnaire.

PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
Athletic trainers (ATs) practicing in the high school (HS) setting.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Using the NATA Position Statement: Exertional Heat Illness, an online questionnaire was developed and distributed to ATs to ascertain their schools' current written policies for the use of rectal temperature and cold-water immersion (CWI). The Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM), allowed for responses to be presented across the various health behavior stages ("Unaware if have the policy", "Unaware for the need for the policy", "Unengaged", "Undecided", "Decided Not to Act", "Decided to Act", "Acting", and "Maintaining"). Additional questions included perceptions of facilitators and barriers. Data are presented as proportions.

RESULTS
A total of 531 ATs completed this questionnaire. Overall, 16.9% (n=62) report adoption of all components for proper recognition and treatment of EHS. The policy component with the highest adoption was "cool first transport second" with 74.1% (n=110) of ATs reporting "Acting" or "Maintaining." The most variability in the PAPM responses was for a rectal temperature policy, with 28.7% (n=103) of ATs reporting "Decided not to Act" and 20.1% (n=72) reporting "Maintaining." The most commonly reported facilitator and barrier for rectal temperature included state mandate from state HS athletics association (n=274,51.5%) and resistance or apprehension from parents or legal guardians (n=311,58.5%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
ATs in the HS setting appear to be struggling to adopt a comprehensive EHS strategy, with rectal temperature continuing to appear as the biggest undertaking. Tailored strategies based on health behavior, facilitators and barriers may aid in changing this paradigm.


In this article, the three-dimensional turbulent forced convection in a matrix of wall-bounded 8 × 8 cylindrical pins is studied. Large eddy simulations (LES) are performed for Reynolds numbers 3,000, 10,000 and 30,000. Three different subgrid-scale (SGS) models (WALE, QR, and VMS) are compared on a row-by-row study. Local values of velocity and pressure coefficient are depicted. Turbulence characteristics of the flow are well illustrated. The thermal field is analyzed and validated with the time-averaged Nusselt number at the end walls of the pin matrix. The capabilities of the methodology for predicting the turbulent flow features is also shown.


In Fred Pratt Green's fine hymn to begin worship, 'God is here! As we his people I Meet to offer praise and prayer', he lists the objects in the church that 'remind us I Of our lifetime need of grace' table, font, pulpit, cross, and times of silence that offer renewal and in which 'God the Spirit comes to each'. In the middle of all these obvious symbols a line leaps out in surprise: 'Here in honesty of preaching'. It is not the noun we readily associate with preaching. 'Faithfulness', perhaps, 'urgency', even 'the challenge of the sermon', but 'honesty'! Why should Fred Pratt Green decide that that was the term he needed to use? Is it what he naturally found in the sermons he listens to and which he preached himself? Or is it the one line in the hymn which gives a nudge to the preacher? My attempt to be honest in a sermon I included in The Expository Times last November provoked somewhat amused and surprised comment among my friends. Their reaction convinced me of the need to examine afresh the relation between academic study and preaching. The section in each number of The Expository Times entitled 'The Christian Year' used to be called, 'From Desk to Pulpit', and the assumption was that the sermons in it help readers to translate academic knowledge into sermons that can be preached. In other words, the section was intended to take up what the scholars say and express this knowledge in words that fit into Christian worship and sustain the faith of the members of the congregation. It is a link that Philip Davies questioned in an article some months ago. His view is that academic study of the Bible is totally separate from what goes on in the churches. On this view a great chasm may well open up between the secular and objective study of the Bible and the worship that is offered in the churches. If he is right it is severely damaging. We may agree with him that what is good for the churches is of no immediate concern to biblical studies, but unless the secular context of those studies so seriously distorts what they discover about the Bible, ancient Israel, the life of Christ and the rise of the Christian church, that they fail to present historical 'truth', the church cannot ignore what the scholars say. Only those adopting an extreme postmodernist relativism, or an equally extreme attitude towards Bible and creeds, can remain content with two distinct interpretations of 'reality'. Accepting, therefore, that academic study has to be seen as a valid and vital striving after the truth, and that the Christian way is also a path towards the truth, the attempt to relate scholarship to church teaching must be made. The present article takes this as its foundation. It assumes that ministers will attempt to keep abreast of the main developments in modem thought. Indeed, my main purpose in writing 'Talking Points from Books' each month has been precisely to assist them in this. The present series, therefore, is not intended to argue the case for the scholars' conclusions. Instead it recognizes that some of these conclusions are at variance with what has been assumed by many in our congregations (and, indeed, in the secular world, and especially among journalists do not congregations need to be protected from TV journalists whose own view of what constitutes the Christian belief they so glibly talk down is positively antediluvian?), and then asks how honest the preacher should be in presenting the truth as he sees it in his or her sermons and can be. All of which presupposes that most of us have been 'dishonest' in the past. Perhaps we have not pushed aside honesty quite as blatantly as one of Dr Wedderburn's students. As he records it:


One of the final actions of the Eighty-fifth Congress was to send to the White House a bill authorizing the President to call a White House Conference on Aging to be held in January 1961. On September 2, 1958 President Eisenhower signed the bill which then became known as the White House Conference on Aging Act, P.L. 85-908. The Act has two major provisions: first, it provides for a major national forum on aging to be organized by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare with cooperation of other Federal departments and agencies and with the aid of an Advisory Committee of citizens and of specialists in the field of aging; second, it authorizes appropriation of funds to the States to enable them to collect facts about their older populations, to hold one or more State conferences for the purpose of developing recommendations for action, and to prepare a report to the Secretary to be submitted prior to the national meeting in 1961. The White House Conference on Aging Act originated within the Congress and has had ready support from the Administration. Thus, it may be said to reflect the continuing concern of both the legislative and the executive branches of the government with the problems arising out of the aging of the population. Over the past twenty-five years, the federal government, joined by all State governments, has been developing programs aimed at improving the financial security, health status, employment opportunities, and housing environment of older people. Extensive as these have become, they have failed to keep pace with the emergence of newly defined needs and the growth in the older population itself. Members of the Eighty-sixth Congress have introduced more than 500 bills on behalf of older people during the first two months of the present session and supported a resolution to conduct an intensive investigation of the broad problem areas of the field. Through the Federal Council on Aging, the Special Staff on Aging of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and other agencies, the Administration has been conducting a continuing exploration of needs and an evaluation of existing programs. The Federal Council on Aging has just been elevated to Cabinet status. The White House Conference may thus be viewed as a major aspect of the general desire for further definition of the situation and guidelines for action. In a still broader sense, the White House Conference on Aging Act reflects society's recognition of the need for a total assessment of the circumstances of older people and for adapting our system of values and social institutions to


ABSTRACT  The paper compares and contrasts the development of ophthalmic optics in Britain and optometry in Australia, both of which have achieved the status of accredited professions. It focuses on the issues which were important in each one's socio-historicai development in order to highlight sociopolitical themes such as their relationship to the state and with potentially or actually competing occupations and professions. The paper argues that success in controlling refractive sight-testing techniques and associated eye-care skills occurred in different ways and to different extents despite the fact that Britain originally provided the model for the development of optometry in Australia.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of Jianghuang Xiaocuo Liniment for treatment of moderate acne.Methods 165 patients with moderate acne divided into the treatment group including 83 examples,the comparison group including 82 examples,the treatment group were treated with Jianghuang Xiaocuo Liniment,twice a day,and the control group were treated with 0.025% Tretinoin ointment,once every night,both groups took oral doxycycline element of 100 mg(twice a day),and after four weeks reduced to once every day,both got 8 weeks treatment period.Results The cure rate of treatment group was 25.58%,the effective rate was 79.07%;The cure rate of control group was 22.5%,the effective rate was 72.5%.The cure rate and the effective rate of two groups had no significant difference(χ2=0.256,P0.05 and χ2=0.922,P0.05).Conclusions Jianghuang Xiaocuo Liniment has positive effect on treating moderate acne and get good acknowledgement from the patients.


Advanced concepts of forest carbon sink and forestry carbon sequestration are introduced in road carbon sink forest project and the measurement and carbon monitoring of road carbon sink forest are explored. Experience and technology are accumulated and a set of the carbon sequestration forestation and carbon measurement and monitoring technology systems on both sides of road are formed. To update the green concept, improve the forestation quality along road and to enhanced sequestration and ecological efficiency, it is important to realize the traffic low carbon and energy saving and emission reduction. To use scientific planting and monitoring methods, soil properties, carbon sequestration of soil organic carbon pool, and carbon sequestration capacity of different species of trees were studied and monitored. High carbon sequestration species selection, silvicultural management, measurement of carbon sink and carbon monitoring are explored.