Gnamptogenys flava, n. sp., was discovered in litter extractions from a montane evergreen forest in Bolivia. It is a yellow species of the sulcata group. The description of the species is included, as well as a modification of the previous key to the species and a discussion of characters that separate it from the other species in the sulcata group.


The existing literature on the research of value relevance under different system environments,and the relative correlation research on the comparative research of value relevance,generally assert that the difference of value relevance is due to the criterion and political system caused by itself or the external cause,which has nothing to do with the difference of investors' beliefs.From the angle of heterogeneous beliefs,this paper inspects accounting information of A-H shares in capital market segmentation,and the differences of value relevance of fair value information.The research results indicate that the main reason to affect the value relevance is investors' heterogeneous faith,not the system or criterion itself.


It is well known that vehicle slip angle is one of the most difficult parameters to measure on a vehicle during testing or racing activities. Moreover, the appropriate sensor is very expensive and it is often difficult to fit to a car, especially on race cars. We propose here a strategy to eliminate the need for this sensor by using a mathematical tool which gives a good estimation of the vehicle slip angle. A single-track car model, coupled with an extended Kalman filter, was used in order to achieve the result. Moreover, a tuning procedure is proposed that takes into consideration both nonlinear and saturation characteristics typical of vehicle lateral dynamics. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been proven by both simulation results and real-world data.


According to one embodiment, the local device receives a 3D medical image captured by the medical imaging apparatus. Its 3D medical image is anonymized by removing certain metadata associated with 3D medical image based on anonymous template. Local device, using a network connection that is established through the Internet port of the local device automatically uploads a set of one or more 3D medical images the anonymized cloud server via a network under the Rule to. Cloud server is configured to provide a medical image processing service to a plurality of users using a plurality of image processing tools provided by the cloud server. .BACKGROUND 9


International oil price fluctuations have an important impact on the world economy. The research on affecting factors in the international oil price fluctuations has important practical significance. In this paper, we use error correction model to take econometric research on the international oil price's level value between Q1 1995 to Q4 2009 (logarithmic variables) time series. The results show that each country's demand for oil and OPEC's oil supply are the main factors of affecting international crude oil prices fluctuations. Finally, based on the empirical results, we present the countermeasures to deal with oil price movements.


The effects of gamma and neutron irradiation on GaP/GaAsP strained-layer superlattices (SLS's) have been studied and compared with results on similar non-SLS alloys. The carrier removal rate was significantly greater in the non-SLS samples for both types of radiation. Gamma irradiation resulted in layer-dependent removal rates which produced oscillations in the doping profile. Gamma-induced introduction rates of two prominent traps were the same in the various SLS samples, and in the non-SLS alloy. Thermal annealing was also similar in all the samples with the shallower (0.3 eV) trap recovering sharply in a stage at 175/sup 0/C. This was accompanied by a disappearance of the carrier removal oscillations at a somewhat higher annealing temperature. In contrast, the degree of recombination-enhanced annealing, and its variation with applied hydrostatic pressure, was strongly dependent on sample characteristics. This type of recovery was much stronger in the non-SLS samples, and was dependent on the layer thicknesses in the SLS samples. Hydrostatic pressure was found to enhance this process in the non-SLS samples, but had no significant effect on recombination-enhanced annealing in the SLS samples.


Background: The integration, besides synergy and convergence, is regarded as a leading orientation in modern logistics. The connection of various participants within supply chains enables the integration of actions and allows to fulfill growing customers' demands in an effective and economically efficient way. In times of a concept of the balanced development, growing interest in utilization of recycled material, connected with possibilities to consolidate logistic activities, can be observed. According to the scientific literature (integration models) as well as practical business cases, supply chains of forward and backward type (two-directional) are the area of logistics of the intensive development. Material and methods: The paper presents the Authors' model and methodology of modeling of the integration of supply chains, which realizes the flows of forward and backward type (two-directions). The empirical material was obtained during modeling and simulation of processes in the environment of iGrafx Process 2013 for Six Sigma with the support of Minitab 17 (for planning of experiments). The method of the verification of statistical hypotheses was used. As a first step, the correlation between the level of the integration and the global service level for the supply chain was conducted using the method of Pearson's coefficient. The test of relevance of correlation coefficient was conducted by the use of t-distribution method. Then the verification of statistical hypotheses was made, based on the method using the Zstatistics. Results: The obtained results indicate clearly the strong relationship between the level of the integration of a supply chain and the obtained service level (values of Pearson's correlation coefficient and results of t-test). The detailed statistical researches of authors indicate that the increased level of the integration leads to the increase of the average value of service level coefficient (results of Z-statistics). Concluded, the analyze of the service level indicator shows its growth together with the growth of the integration level. Conclusions: Based of integration aims, the integrated systems should have bigger possibility of activity. The possibility to obtain higher customer service level is one of postulated effects ("gains") of the integration of supply chains. The results of Authors' researches confirmed such statement in quantitative way, and not only in a describing one. The conclusions from conducted researches encourage to integration activities within supply chains of forward and backward type.


This is a comprehensive review of Russian theories and studies of aging, spanning the years 1761 to 1958. There is also a bibliography of 2953 references. Unfortunately the references are given alphabetically by author without cross indexing; therefore, ready access to various subjects of interest is not possible.


In 1989 Turkey issued the Accountancy Profession Law. Since then, the accountancy profession and accounting related matters alike have been two of the most-talked topics in Turkey. This study takes a comprehensive perspective to the current state of accountancy profession in Turkey. All stages of accountancy profession from Independent Accountancy (IA) to Certified Public Accountancy Under Pledge(CPAUP) are presented. The ultimate goals of this study are to provide valuable accountancy-related information to those companies having operations in Turkey, and to be a source for those researchers studying cross-national accounting matters.


In his Perspectives, Suissa (1) offers a critique of the methodological approach used in the Comparative Effectiveness of Cardiovascular Outcomes in NewUsers of SGLT-2 Inhibitors (CVD-REAL) study (2). We welcome thoughtful analysis and critical reexamination of large pharmacoepidemiological studies, such as ours, as a part of important scientific discourse, and we agree that these investigations offer important insights into the comparative effectiveness of therapeutic approaches. According to Suissa, the main potential issue is the possibility of "immortal time bias," which occurs when two patient groups are formed within a time interval in a hierarchical manner: the first group is selected and followed from first prescription of a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), and the comparator group from the first prescription of an "other glucose-lowering drug" (oGLD). Based on the baseline characteristics of patients initiatedonSGLT2iandthoseon oGLD in CVD-REAL, Suissa (1) states, "we can presume that most, if not all, of the initiators of SGLT2i had been prior initiators of oGLD (the comparator drug) sometime between the study entry date (November 2012) and the day they initiatedSGLT2i."Thetimebetweenthefirst use of oGLD and first use of SGLT2i in SGLT2i-treated patients would then represent "immortal time," potentially introducing bias. We agree that such an approach could introduceanimmortal timebias;however, the assumption that nearly all patients in the SGLT2i group were prior initiators of oGLD during the study period is based on comparing the baseline patient characteristics prior to propensity matching. We included the index year, baseline glucoselowering (and many other) medications, and time since initiation of thefirst glucoselowering medication in the propensity score to ensure that an SGLT2i patient was matched with a similar oGLD patient. This is illustrated by the well-balanced baseline medication use after propensity matching. In fact, less than 50% of propensitymatchedpatients treatedwithSGLT2i had prior oGLD initiation during the study period (e.g., 46% in Sweden and 40% in Norway). Furthermore, because we did not simply select the first oGLD prescription as the index date in the comparator group but instead selected a random initiation date, a smaller but comparable proportion of oGLD-treated patients also had prior initiation of a different oGLD duringthestudyperiod(e.g.,32%inSweden and 30% in Norway).


In surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) low-speed sensorless control, the high-frequency sinusoidal voltage injection method for rotor position estimation is affected by the low saturation salient rate of SPMSM and the system delay, resulting in estimation error. This article proposes a dual-demodulation method utilizing the high-frequency positive- and negative-sequence stator current of the motor. This method is based on the principle of maximizing the effect of the salient inductance component and minimizing the significant component of noise, which improves the utilization of the current containing angle information and increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the position angle error fed to the rotor position observer. The dc bias of the current caused by system delay is also eliminated so that the accuracy of position estimation is improved. The proposed method is verified by experiment, and the results show that the accuracy of the estimated rotor position and dynamic performance of the estimator is greatly improved compared to existing methods.


Within teacher education problem-based learning (PBL) has the potential to enrich teaching and learning across the curriculum. It is suggested that PBL may offer a means of providing authentic scenarios for assisting pre-service teachers before encountering teaching practice. The use of media-based educational triggers and authentic scenarios may form a bridge between their studies and real-world teaching practice. Five media-rich educational triggers are described in early childhood education, physical education, educational technology, project management and inclusive education. Reusable media-based educational triggers may also provide potential resources for other educators within teacher education.


THE INVENTION CONCERNS A APPARATUS FOR DETECTION PRODUCTS OF FLIGHTS. TO DETECT THE PASSAGE OF CIRCUIT RESONANT 16 THANKS TO SIGNAL QUESTION, MEANS 38, 40, 42, 44 PRODUCT bRIEF OF PULSE ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY WHICH ARE ISSUED BY AN ANTENNA 30, SO THE CIRCUIT RESONANT 16 resonates DURING A PREDETERMINED PERIOD FOLLOWING EACH PULSE ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCE IS CORRESPONDENT captured by a RECEIVING ANTENNA 32. A RECEIVER HAVING SWITCH 54 BATTERIES SIGNS 56, 58 AND 60 GAUGE CAPTE AMORTIZATION OF SIGNAL RESONANT CIRCUIT AND ACTIVE WHEN AN ALARM 36 DEPRECIATION EXPANDS ON A PREDETERMINED TIME.


PurposeThe objective is to examine the influence of articulation on the effectiveness of sports sponsorship.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses an experimental design with the following factors: articulation (articulated vs unarticulated), congruence (congruent and incongruent) and sporting discipline (tennis, F1 and sailing).FindingsEven though the academic literature argues that articulation improves the indicators of performance, the authors have been unable to demonstrate that articulated sports posters have an influence on visual attention, congruence or recall. The results show that articulation diverts visual attention from the brand to the text, diminishing recall.Originality/valueThis is the first manuscript to use neurophysiological measures of the articulation effect. This is also the first manuscript that examines the differences in attention between articulated sponsorships based on their congruence.


The essay sketches out the future trend of Chinese contemporary literature,that is,a shift from single politics-oriented to various society-oriented writing,from miscellaneous large-scale classification to gradual small-scale combination and from formal to ideological modernization.


One indicator of the success of a business process is employee retention and the factors that cause it include leadership style. This study was conducted with the aim of testing which one most dominantly affects employee retention, whether transformational leadership or toxic leadership mediated by job satisfaction. The research design used is hypothesis testing using the Structural Equation Model. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method to employees, both lecturers and academics staff in the scope of  Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) Universitas Trisakti. The research findings showed that transformational leadership is proven to be more dominant in influencing employee retention than toxic leadership, either directly or indirectly through job satisfaction.Keywords:  employee retention; job satisfaction; toxic leadership; transformational leadership.


The invention discloses a gear set of a miniature gear pump working stably. The gear set comprises two engaged gears. The two gears are the driving gear and the driven gear respectively. The gear set is characterized in that the two gears are involute straight gears; parameters of the two gears are the same; the tooth number of each gear is 10, the modulus of each gear is 1, the pressure angle of each gear is 27 degrees, the tip diameter of each gear is 12.7 mm, the reference diameter of each gear is 10 mm, and the root diameter of each gear is 8.37 mm. The invention further discloses a machining method of the gears. The gear set of the miniature gear pump is improved, the machining method of the gears in the gear set is improved, the gear pump works stably, oil leakage and oil trapping phenomena are reduced, and the operating life is prolonged.


Background And Objectives: Various studies have implicated the association of oxidative stress and nitric oxide depletion in essential hypertension. This condition aggravates endothelial dysfunction and leads to atherosclerosis. Hypertension is a major risk factor and plasma fibrinogenis a consistent predictor of cardiovascular diseases. Hence this study was designed to evaluate the correlation of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and plasma fibrinogen in hypertensive patients of Southern Odisha. Material And Methods: This case-control study included 92 hypertensive males and an equal number of matched controls. Oxidative stress was measured by FOX2 ,anti oxidant status by FRAP, serum nitric oxide by Griess method and plasma fibrinogen by commercial kits from Tulip diagnostics. Observation: We observed statistically significant rise in oxidative stress, decreased nitrosativestress and increased plasma fibrinogen levels in hypertensive patients. There is apositive correlation between oxidative stress and plasma fibrinogen and negative correlation between NO, oxidative stress and plasma fibrinogen. Conclusion: These findings suggest a strong association of oxidative stress , increased plasma fibrinogen and decreased NO levels in hypertensive patients.


The production of eta ( Z ) and eta-prime ( Z 0 ) mesons on free and bound nucleons by electromagnetic probes, i.e. real and virtual photons, is an old but very active and viable ¢eld of research. A brief summary of the present status and knowledge with a detailed reference list is given.


arising from inferior turbinate extending into the soft tissue of nasal septum. Dermoscopic examination (x10, polarized non-contact mode) was done which revealed focal yellowish-orange structureless area, dotted and linear vessels over a background of diffuse erythema


Although the liver is the main target for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, HCV RNA of positive and negative polarity has also been detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by polymerase chain reaction. However, no data have been published on the relationship between the number of HCV‐infected PBMCs and serum viremia levels. To address this issue, PBMC samples from 20 patients with chronic hepatitis C were examined by fluorescent "in situ" hybridization. Serum viremia levels and viral load in infected PBMC were measured using the Amplicor Monitor test. HCV was detected in all PBMC samples corresponding to the HCV‐positive patients. Fluorescent signals were found mainly in the cytoplasm of the cell. The percentage of positive cells ranged from 0.08% to 4%, with a statistical correlation with the viral load in PBMC (r = 0.69; p = .001) but not with the serum viremia levels (r = 0.23). It was demonstrated that HCV infection of PBMCs is a common feature of HCV chronic carriers. The results suggest that HCV infection of PBMCs does not contribute significantly to HCV viremia. J. Med. Virol. 60:269–274, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


For many decades, data from excavations of sites related to the pre-Columbian occupation of the Caribbean Archipelago have been analyzed according to the classification system developed by Irving Rouse. This system based on the triad complex/sub-series/series made it possible to establish with great effectiveness a first chrono-cultural framework for the Amerindian occupation of the Caribbean area. It was forged primarily for this purpose. However, in recent years it has also demonstrated its limitations in the face of the increasing complexity of researchers' questions when some have tried to make it do something other than what it was built for. The purpose of this article is not to replace the model established by Irving Rouse with another. Our ambition is to try to evaluate at the theoretical and operational level how the addition of a real periodization could be useful for the development of a complex thought that implies the current process of diversifying issues addressed by the researchers as well as the diversification and rapid enrichment of data. Finally, there is the question of sketching out the contours of what such a periodization could be, in the hope that this first step will lead to many discussions enable to participate in the necessarily collective building process of such a tool.


This study investigates the impact of anthropogenic climate change on the Indian summer monsoon, and the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection, using the transient climate change simulations of the MRI coupled model (MRI-CGCM2.2). In the present simulations atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and aerosols are varied to represent observed changes during 1850–2000, and from 2001–2100, at the rate prescribed by the SRES-A2 and B2 scenarios to study the response of the monsoon climate during 2071–2100. All India annual temperature shows warming by 2.35 � C (1.64 � C), while all-India monsoon rainfall (JJAS) indicates an increase by 9% (6%) in SRES-A2 (B2) scenario relative to the present climate (1971–2000). Increase in the monsoon precipitation is evident over parts of south India, parts of the Bay of Bengal and northwest India. The simulations feature stronger warming over South Asia relative to the Indian Ocean, leading to enhanced land-sea temperature contrast. Enhanced moisture in a warmer scenario, coupled with enhanced monsoon circulation, leads to enhanced moisture transport over the Indian region from both the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea leading to increased monsoon precipitation. Decomposition of the moisture transport into divergent and non-divergent components shows that the enhanced monsoon rainfall is mainly due to intensification in the non-divergent component of the moisture transport. While strong and continued increase in monsoon rainfall suggests


Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs)are used for the residential, transportation, and portable applications as energy conversion devices with no emission of carbon dioxide. Besides the cell performance, the durability and stability during power generation are major concerns . Under certain conditions, the cell voltage and the current density become unstable and even fluctuated because of the instability of the reactions inside PEFCs. Since the excess liquid water in a cell is one of the main sources of instability, the water management during power generation has been extensively studied . The water generated by the power generation is continuously removed outside the fuel cell through the gas diffusion layers (GDLs). However, when the water generation is too large, the flooding is inevitable. Therefore, a proper water management is of paramount importance for PEFCs. Materials must be developed, and the operating conditions and the cell components must be optimized. Barbir et al. investigated unexpected increases in pressure and cell resistance of a PEFC stack during power generation . They pointed out that the increase in pressure could be indicative of the increased liquid water in the stack, while the increase in cell resistance of a membrane dry-out. Hirakata et al. investigated the effect of pore size of GDL on the periodic instability of the cell voltage accompanied by the synchronized change in gas pressure, concluded to be caused by the water droplets blocking/releasing the cathode flow channel . Recently, the oscillation phenomena during power generation have been reported in running PEFCs. Sanchez and coworkers reported an oscillatory fluctuation when the cathode was dry and the anode was wet at a nominal humidity of 152% with the cell temperature of 70 °C . The current density first decreased slowly from 650 to 610 mA cm within 1000 s at a constant cell voltage of 500 mV. Subsequently, a fluctuation in current density started, followed by a continuous oscillation between 600 and 60 mA cm accompanied by a gradual decrease in current density resulting in the decrease in cell performance. During the oscillation, the transition from the lowest current to the highest current took place in 20 s, and the transition from the highest to the lowest slightly longer than 20 s. The change of the coefficient of the electro-osmotic drag accompanied by that of the liquidvapor permeation at the interface of the membrane was suggested as a major feedback mechanism for the oscillatory behavior 8), . The change in the properties at the membrane interface was visualized by current-sensing atomic force microscopy showing the oscillatory behaviors . The fluctuations were found to be also related to the water shortage at the anode. A combination of the limited water available at the anode, the electroosmotic Oscillation mechanism in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell studied by operando monitoring of oxygen partial pressure using optical probes


The authors have compared the amounts of Sr90 in the bones of persons who have died of leukemias and in the bones of those deceased from causes other than tumors or hemocytopathic diseases.

The first group shows an abnormally low level of Sr90 which the authors believe to be due to disturbed calcium metabolism.


It is shown that information transmission inside a cell can occur by means of mechanical waves transmitted through DNA. The propagation of the waves is strongly dependent on the shape of the DNA thus proteins that change the shape of DNA can alter signal transmission. The overall effect is a method of signal processing by DNA binding proteins that creates a "cellular communications network".
The propagation of small amplitude disturbances through DNA is treated according to the mechanical theory of elastic rods. According to the theory four types of mechanical waves affecting extension(compression), twist, bend or shear can propagate through DNA. Each type of wave has unique characteristic properties. Disturbances affecting all wave types can propagate independently of each other. Using a linear approximation to the theory of motion of elastic rods, the dispersion of these waves is investigated. The phase velocities of the waves lies in the range 5-8 angstroms/ps using constants suitable for a description of DNA. The dispersion of all wave types of arbitrary wave length is investigated for a straight, twisted rod.
Based on these findings, we propose all-atom numerical simulations of DNA to investigate the propagation of these waves as an alternative measure of the wave velocity and dispersion analysis.


Letter from Charles B. Moore to Mary Moore and Birdie McGee in which he updates them on the cold weather; harvesting pears with Linnet; and the successes and failures of the garden and the crops. He also talks about the continuing construction on the house. He says that Billy Smith's daughter died.


Aim . At present, the construction of data transmission networks is undergoing rapid development, which actualized the problem of the timely maintenance, repair, and modernization of network equipment. This article provides a step-by-step description of the decision support system for evaluating the elements of data transmission systems used to improve the efficiency of telecommunication network maintenance. Method . The research methodology involved the methods of system analysis, fuzzy set theory, neural networks, graph theory, and mathematical modelling. Results . A decision support system was developed for evaluating the operational state of the elements of data transmission system during operating the network infrastructure of a communications service provider. Conclusion . The developed decision support system reduces the workload of highly qualified personnel and improves the quality of decisions made during the development of data transmission networks.


Endoscopic recurrence of Crohn's disease is nearly universal within 5 years of surgery. However, rates of early recurrence vary widely from 30%‐90%. Hence, to avoid over‐treatment and medication‐ related costs and adverse events, routine use of prophylactic therapy is not recommended. However, waiting routinely for endoscopic recurrence before starting therapy is also not recommended since the efficacy of therapy may be lower in the presence of established severe endoscopic recurrence. A key knowledge gap identified in clinical guidelines from the American Gastroenterological Association are factors that can accurately risk‐stratify patients. This would identify those at high risk of recurrence who may benefit from early prophylactic therapy vs those at low risk of recurrence where endoscopy‐guided therapy within 6‐12 months after surgery may be reasonable. Auzolle and colleagues have precisely addressed this gap. In a meticulous prospective nationwide cohort study from the REMIND group, comprising nine academic centres in France, the investigators systematically analysed risk factors associated with endoscopic recurrence within 6‐12 months of surgical resection for Crohn's disease. Based on 289 patients (47% with endoscopic recurrence), the investigators identified male sex, active smoking and prior intestinal resection as risk factors associated with recurrence. These findings were consistent in sensitivity analysis attesting to their robustness. While several of these factors have been previously identified as important risk factors, most studies were retrospective with inherent biases. In addition, to further inform clinical decision‐making, they analysed the impact of having zero, one or two or more of these risk factors on endoscopic recurrence. While only 29% of patients without any risk factor experienced endoscopic recurrence, 45% of patients with one risk factor experienced recurrence (odds ratio OR = 2.1, P = 0.03) and 74% of patients with two or more risk factors experienced endoscopic recurrence (OR = 6.9, P < 0.001). Although investigators did not develop or validate a clinical prediction tool, this knowledge directly informs and promotes shared decision‐making between patients and physicians to assess the need for post‐operative prophylactic therapy. In addition, the investigators also identified that post‐operative prophylaxis with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α antagonists was associated with 50% lower odds of endoscopic recurrence. This finding too was stable in a propensity score‐matched analysis, attesting to the efficacy of prophylactic therapy as previously demonstrated. Interestingly, they also observed that 8/10 TNF‐α antagonist‐treated patients with anti‐drug antibodies at the time of surgery experienced endoscopic recurrence, compared to 13/43 (30%) without anti‐drug antibodies. It is unclear whether those with anti‐drug antibodies were treated with the same or different TNF‐α antagonist (only 36% patients were treated with same TNF‐α antagonist after surgery as before). So, while it is unclear whether endoscopic recurrence occurred in a subset of patients who had already developed immunogenicity to their TNF‐α antagonist agent at the time of surgery, it highlights the potential importance of checking for anti‐drug antibodies at the time of surgery, before starting prophylactic therapy with the same or a different TNF‐α antagonist.


When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This encyclopedia of drugs and alcohol can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.


The preparation containing florphenicol is a low"toxic drug. It's doses of 2,5…5g per Kg of the body weight administered orally (per os) only once and 1/10 of the maximum dose administered during. The period of 28 days didn't cause the clinical signs of poisoning. The preparation when used experimentally caused neither local irritation nor any allergic, embriotoxic, cumulative or teratogenic effect.


The aim of this work is to obtain a multicomponent, numerically simplified and stable distillation model, with simultaneous correction of the temperature and flow-rate (liquid and vapor phases) profiles along the column. The proposed model should be considered as an introduction to the multicomponent distillation calculation via computer and not an alternative to the existing rigorous methods. In the model the compositions are evaluated by solving a system of linear equations, while the flow rates are calculated `explicitly` by means of enthalpy balances. A few iterations are required to obtain the solution and the temperature profile. 12 refs., 3 figs.


Analysis and Novel Performance of Long and Short Shunt Self Excited Generators with natural Energy generation is presented. An outwardly ambitious induction machine can function as induction generator with unremitting self excitation when a suitable value of a capacitor bank is appropriately associated transversely at the stator terminal of the machine. Such a machine is said to be Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG). We proposed the series capacitor bank which really improves the voltage profile and also increases the maximum power delivery capability. The main significant of the projected work is that the effects of both long-shunt and short-shunt connections on the dynamic performance of an SEIG feeding and Induction Motor load is compared. We also examined the analysis of the reactive power prerequisite of self excited induction generator at different load conditions. Finally we originate that the short shunt self-excited induction generator is the attractive option for improved better voltage regulation and also maintain the good power quality. Wind turbine act as the prime mover of the projected work. The simulation work is carried out by the MATLAB and the result of the proposed work promises better voltage profile with grid connected system. [V. Karthikeyan,V.J. Vijayalakshmi. Analysis and Novel Performance of Long and Short Shunt Self Excited Generators with Natural Energy Generation. Life Sci J 2016;13(12):64-73]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj131216.10.


Objective: Changes in the blood cell function, metabolism, and the coagulation system were associated with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of hematological abnormalities in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 204 medical charts of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus who registered for follow-up at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital were reviewed from June to August 2021. Data were collected using a structured data extraction checklist. To identify factors associated with hematological abnormalities, both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of <0.05. Results: The overall magnitude of leukocytosis and anemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 76.0% (95% confidence interval: 70.07–81.89) and 30.90% (95% confidence interval: 24.49–37.28), respectively. Neutrophilia and lymphocytosis were the common white blood cell abnormalities detected in 53.43% (95% confidence interval: 46.53–60.33) and 43.63% (95% confidence interval: 36.76–50.49) of the patients, respectively. Besides, thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia were observed in 5.4% (95% confidence interval: 2.27–8.52) and 10.3% (95% confidence interval: 6.09–14.5) of the patients, respectively. Only being male (adjusted odds ratio = 2.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.46–5.29)) and duration of diabetes mellitus (⩾3 years) (adjusted odds ratio = 8.41 (95% confidence interval: 2.49–28.29)) were significantly associated with anemia and leukocytosis, respectively. Conclusion: Hematological abnormalities, particularly anemia and leukocytosis, are common in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, preventive and control strategies for hematological abnormalities are essential in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus particularly for male and patients with a long duration on diabetes mellitus to reduce the burden and related complications.


In recent years, immunotherapy is the main emphasis approach for malignant tumors treatment due to the development and registration of a new class of drugs –immune checkpoint inhibitors. Results of the randomized clinical trials, which showed a benefit in overall survival in comparison with standard therapy, was the basis for registration of this class of medicines [1–3]. Their toxicity profile is more favorable. However, the adverse reactions, which accrues during immunotherapy, are essentially new and different from standard chemotherapy. The standard management algorithm compensates the variety of immunemediated adverse reactions [4]. Early detection and timely treatment is necessary for the successful management of these adverse reactions.


3D printing technology has emerged as a high value-added industry with high efficiency that has dramatically broken away from the existing material and manufacturing industry's human-based producti...


The beginning of the 1980s is a landmark in U.S. financial markets because of changes in the regulatory environment that mark this time. Especially important was passage of the "Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980" (DIDMC). Also under consideration is liberalization of geographic restrictions on banking and further modifications of regulations for financial institutions. Other issues specific to financial markets for agriculture include passage of the Farm Credit Act Amendments of 1980, a more conservative role for government credit programs, and outside equity financing in the farm sector.


ABSTRACT 2017 is an important year in the short history of the Italian Five star Movement (M5s), both from a symbolic and substantial point of view. Municipal elections held in June marked the end of M5s's first cycle as a governing actor at the local level, which began in 2012 with its success in the northern city of Parma. Together with the seats gained during regional elections in Sicily in November, the M5s continued its ongoing consolidation in local politics. The M5s also continued to have enduring problems both on the ground and internally. Furthermore, 2017 is an important year from an organizational perspective, since the M5s witnessed the selection of Luigi Di Maio as candidate for prime minister and leader. The young vice-president of the Camera dei deputati (the Italian Parliament's lower chamber) embodies the slow, controversial, and largely incomplete shift from an anti-system movement to a (would-be) ruling party. This chapter frames the Five Star project as part of the European populist wave and connects its success with the party's ability of combining elements of both left-wing and right-wing populism. In particular, this work outlines the M5s's complex route towards normalization and institutionalization on the eve of the 2018 General Elections.


This article presents an industrial case study, examining the application of a novel adaptive biomass estimator to an industrial microfungi production process. It is our intention that this contribution should focus upon the implementation issues of the algorithm, in preference to a rigorous theoretical development. The novel algorithm adopted is developed from Adaptive Inferential Estimation studies of Guilandoust and co‐workers. The technique utilizes input–output process measurements obtained at different frequencies, thereby providing more frequent estimates of biomass concentration than are otherwise available from off‐line laboratory analyses. The algorithm is particularly suited to the biotechnology industry, as it is capable of utilizing irregular assay measurements with varying delays.


We try to convince geometers that it is worth using Control Theory in the framework of sub-Riemannian structures, not only to get necessary conditions for length- minimizing curves, but also, from the very beginning, to give a description of sub-Riemannian structures by means of a global control vector bundle. This method is particularly efficient in characterizing admissible metrics with rank singularities. Some examples are developed.


The enantiomerically pure nitrone 3, a valuable precursor of mono- and bicyclic azaheterocycles, has been synthesized in 57% yield by a novel "one-pot" process starting from lactol 1, in turn readily available from D-arabinose. The same process, consisting of reaction with a O-silyl-protected hydroxylamine followed by mesylation in pyridine, furnished ent-3 in 55% yield when applied to L-arabinose.


The variation of reservoir parameters at ultra-high water cut stage is studied for complex fault blocks in the Jidong oilfield through water flooding experiment and analysis with cores from typical wells;and the changes in reservoirs and oil / water seepage law are analyzed by using pore fractal,oil-water relative permeability,fluid productivity index and oil production index.The results show that at ultra-high water cut stage,reservoir porosity and permeability increase comparing to the original state,rock hydrophilicity increases gradually,water-phase relative permeability increases greatly,both dimensionless fluid productivity index and oil production index are on the rise,but the rising range of dimensionless fluid productivity index is apparently higher than dimensionless oil production index.


A state diagnosing method diagnoses a state of an operation of the diagnosis target based on waveform data. A waveform representing values of time-series data, the time axis of which is configured to set a start time of an operation of the diagnosis target or a changing time of an operation of the diagnosis target as an origin, is obtained as a target waveform. A similarity between a reference waveform representing a normal state or an abnormal state of the diagnosis target and the target waveform is calculated. A state of the diagnosis target is determined based on the similarity.


This paper represents the technique to find out the solution of multidimensional integral using Adaptive Monte Carlo (AMC) method with the general division approach using an efficient way storage. The general quadrature method in this regards is laborious and monotonous too. The proposedAMC algorithm estimates the multidimensional integrals over a hyper-rectangular region using very simple technique, It uses iteratively the idea of separating the domain of integration into 2 s sub regions, where s is the number of coordinates of the hyper domain which will be divided in successive iterations. The algorithm divides the region with highest standard error in successive iterations. Thus the sample density is maximum in important (peak) region and minimum in the flat region of the overall integration domain, thus it reduces the computational burden. The proposed method is validated by two numerical examples and other existing techniques.


Transmedia narratives became an entertainment experience in which visual elements, characters, and objects create an imaginary world, conquering large audiences in a sequence of movies. From toy lines to Hollywood blockbusters, the Transformers movies franchise has turned into an opportunity for brands to reach consumers in a world where technological devices have changed how they absorb advertisements. In this context, we propose a longitudinal analysis of brand placements in the five movies launched under the Transformers label from 2007 to 2017. A 65-hours passive observation of the movies' content identified several insertions, most frequent brands, and most frequent product categories in each film, classifying data according to placement type, prominence, congruency, and product category criteria. A longitudinal analysis of the five films revealed that brand placement constitutes an effective strategy once its use showed to be consistent over the years. Congruency was the most relevant factor in brand communication and the movies over time, helping consumers familiarize themselves with brands, associate brands to the story, and enhance brand recall. This analysis indicates a successful integration of brand and film components, resulting in adequate placement insertions, promoting benefits for companies, brands, and the cinematographic industry.


Congestion pricing as a feasible transportation demand management policy in the United States is receiving close scrutiny by numerous interested parties including roadspace users, state and federal governments, the public transit industry, and business groups. Although there exist numerous studies analyzing the expected effects of congestion pricing on modal and spatial activities, relatively little work has examined the policy's expected effects on vehicle choice. Based upon a nested logit demand model for fuel efficient vehicles, this paper finds that increased operating costs will shift households' vehicle demands towards more fuel efficient vehicles. If households expect congestion pricing to increase operating costs, the resulting shifts in vehicle demands may offset, to a greater or lesser degree, predicted reductions in peak hour VMTs and predicted increases in peak hour speeds.


For LTI systems on a class of nonuniform discrete domains, we establish a region in the complex plane for which pole placement is a necessary and sufficient condition for exponential stability of solutions of the system. We study the interesting geometry of this region, comparing and contrasting it with the standard geometry of the regions of exponential stability for ODE systems on R and finite difference/recursive equations on Z. This work connects other results in the literature on the topic and explains the connection geometrically using time scales theory.


The earliest observation of changes in monoclonal protein production during MM disease evolution was published by J. R. Hobbs in 1969 from his analysis of the first MRC MM trial . He described the phenomenon of Bence Jones escape (FLC escape) in 15 patients at disease relapse, in which the serum intact immunoglobulin concentration reduced, but Bence Jones proteinuria dramatically increased. This phenomenon is further discussed in Section 18.2.1.


The structures of the spillway and floodway are studied in hydraulic model test on a physical model of Guanmaozhou Hydroelectric Station.Consequently,the shape of the spillway designed in the original design is revised,so as to solve the problems that the bucket scour both the downstream right bank′s slop and form some deep scouring pits four optimum schemes are pointed out,after comparing with the experimet′s results,No.4 scheme is recommended to ptimze the from of flip bucket.Optimum geometry of flip bucket is provided through modulating form of guide wall,width of outlet,angle of flip bucket and adopting chute block these can make flow smoother,eliminate energy and meet safeguard of lower reaches of a river.


A biocompatible surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) hybrid material is developed by embedding gold-based nanostructures into gellan gum "sponge-like" hydrogels, which is used for biochemical detection of disease associated cell metabolites.


Recently, many studies on HSDI diesel engines have been performed to reduce the fuel consumption and emission. One of the prominent technique to reduce emission is a high pressure multiple injection. For this technique, the injection rate is a critical parameter in order to determine precise injection duration and timing for combustion control. Thus the purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between the injection rate and the time-signature of chamber pressure at different injection pressure conditions in a common rail direct injection type injector using the Zeuch method. Using the measured correlation constants, estimated fuel injection rates are presented at many different injection conditions.


Marker Name. CAST. Source and Description of Primers. Primers were designed from a published sequence of the bovine calpastatin promoter region surrounding a cytosine-adenine (CA) repeat 1.4 kb upstream of the transcription start site (Cong et al., 1998), to amplify a product from genomic DNA of approximately 246 bp (primers CSTF5 and CSTR4) that was used for sequencing. A polymorphic 126 to 154 bp amplicon was produced with primers CSTF4 and CSTR4 for microsatellite analysis. Primer Sequences. CSTF4: 5′-GTA AAG CCG CAC AAA ACA CAC CCA GG-3′; CSTF5: 5′-TTC AAC AGC CTC CTG AAA GGC AAT GG-3′; CSTR4: 5′-CCT GGA CCC TCT GGA TGA GGA AGC GG-3′. Method of Detection. The PCR amplification of 50 ng of genomic DNA for cycle sequencing was performed for 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 57°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 45 s, followed by a 5-min final extension at 72°C in an MJ (Watertown, MA) PTC-100 thermocycler. Sequencing was performed as in Geesink et al. (1998). For microsatellite analysis, a total of 25 ng of genomic DNA, 5 pmol of each primer, and .1 U of Taq polymerase were included in an 8-μL reaction containing 1× Taq buffer, 30 μM of dTTP, dGTP, dCTP, and 15 μM dATP, and .1 μCi of [α-32P]ATP. The cycling profile was 1 min at 92°C, with 30 cycles of 30 s at 94°C, 1 min at 55°C, and 1 min at 72°C, followed by a final 5-min extension at 72°C. Description of Polymorphism. The polymorphism was a (CA)n repeat that identified nine alleles in the MARC mapping population (Bishop et al., 1994) with fragment lengths of 126, 132, 136, 142, 146, 148, 150, 152, and


The new bait Advion™, developed for the control of the red imported fire ant (RIFA) Solenopsisinvicta Buren, contains the active ingredient indoxacarb, which must be metabolized into an N-decarbomethoxyllated metabolite (JT333) in order to become acutely toxic. The objective of this research was to analyze three technical aspects of Advion™ (chemical form, concentration, and grit size) in an attempt to ensure that the bait is maximally effective with respect to overall level and speed of RIFA mortality. Three laboratory experiments were conducted to achieve this objective, and three factors (mortality, feeding activity, and bait removed) were measured per experiment to determine the effectiveness ofeach treatment. For the first experiment, comparison of chemical form, RIFA were treated with Advion™ containing indoxacarb, Advion™ containing JT333, or they were treated with both chemical forms. The results indicated that treatment with Advion" containing indoxacarb was most effective. For the second experiment, comparison of various concentrations, RIFA were treated with 0.10%, 0.06%, 0.045%, 0.015%, or 0.001% Advion™. Treatments with 0.10%, 0.06%, and 0.045% proved to be equally effective. For the final experiment, comparison of grit size, RIFA were treated with Advion™ containing standard sized grit (∼2 mm), Advion" containing small sized grit (< 1 mm), or they were treated with both grit sizes. The results indicated that treatment with standard sized grit was most effective. Based on the cumulative results of these experiments, it was determined that 0.045% Advion™ containing indoxacarb and standard sized grit was most effective and appropriate for RIFA control.


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This article is a part of the work on developing new materials for manufacturing filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM). The computations of depth dose distributions for gamma-radiation in ABS plastic filled with lead and zinc additives of various concentration were performed via Monte Carlo technique and are represented in graphic form.


The available bandwidth of the underwater acoustic channel is severely limited. Therefore, it is of interest to use modulations with high spectral efficiency, such as rotated constellations. These constellations offer better theoretical performance than conventional constellations over fading channels, without reducing the spectral or energy efficiency of the system. However, in practice, when conventional equalization algorithms are employed for a system using rotated constellations, the theoretical gains are not fully achieved. To address this issue, this paper proposes a new turbo equalization algorithm that inherently considers the characteristics of rotated signals and allows for a significant gain compared to conventional methods, as demonstrated by simulations, in particular over a real underwater channel.


Technological equipment design based on functionally modular methods is widely used in various technical fields. The designed object can be a technological machine, a production line, or a manufacturing complex. Special attention is paid to the optimization of its structure. The sequence of performing all stages of the optimization synthesis problem is presented in the article. To find a solution to this task, the developer should apply the complete or directed search of acceptable structure options and determine the best one using some optimization criteria to evaluate their quality. It can be simple enough if the designed technical system structure consists of no more than several elements. For example, if the number of alternative elements options is several dozen, it takes much time to accomplish the search correctly. Thus, the greater the number of components considered, the more difficult it is to do all the necessary calculations manually. In this case, machine resources should be involved. This scientific work aims to identify procedures of optimization synthesis that can be automated. Also, appropriate software has to be developed. Our computer program is based on the algorithm of a complete search of all options of the technical system structure. It can process an extensive array of input data and produce all possible and logically permissible results in the form the designer can analyze using the Pareto method to choose the best one. This software can be used for any technical system with a modular structure.


Longitudinal relationships between adolescents' life satisfaction and peer victimization and prosocial experiences were assessed. A total of 417 students in Grades 6–8 completed the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS: Huebner, 1994) and the Children's Social Experience Questionnaire – Self Report (SEQ-SR: Crick & Grotpeter, 1996) on two occasions (Time 1 and Time 2), 1 year apart. The results revealed that Time 1 life satisfaction scores did not add to the prediction of Time 2 overt victimization scores but did add to the prediction of Time 2 relational victimization scores and prosocial experiences. Additionally, Time 1 overt victimization, relational victimization, and prosocial experiences did not significantly add to the prediction of Time 2 general life satisfaction. However, the predictive equations for Time 1 relational victimization and prosocial experiences approached significance, suggesting the possibility of bidirectional effects between life satisfaction and relational victimization and prosocial peer experiences. Most interestingly, lower levels of life satisfaction appeared to be a newly identified risk factor for two qualitatively distinct types of adverse peer relationships (relational victimization and lack of prosocial experiences). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


textabstractThe studies presented in this thesis demonstrate that MCT8 is a transmembrane protein
that facilitates both in- and efflux of thyroid hormone. MCT8 function is crucial for normal
neurological development, as loss-of-function mutations are associated with severe
psychomotor retardation. In chapter 1, the crucial role of transporters in thyroid hormone
physiology is introduced, as are several families of thyroid hormone transporting proteins.
The importance of sufficient supply of thyroid hormone for normal brain development and
the role of MCT8, are discussed, leading to the general hypothesis on which the work was
based.


The magnetic nano-barium ferrite/CoNi coatings were prepared by composite electrocodeposition. The influences of barium ferrite nanoparticles on both surface morphology and magnetic properties of the coating were investigated.The effects of electrodeposition parameters,such as barium ferrite particles concentration, current density,bath temperature and plating time,on the coercivity and maximal energy density of nanocomposite coatings were also discussed.The results show that nanocomposite coatings with excellent magnetic properties could be obtained with the optimization of composite electrodeposition parameters after the addition of barium ferrite nanoparticles.And its maximal energy density and coercivity were improved obviously.The above four kinds of parameters had significant effects on the maximal energy density and coercivity,which influence laws were different from each other.


Acknowledgments List of Figures List of Abbreviations Chapter 1: Framing the Narrative Chapter 2: Tribes and Tribalism Chapter 3: The Growth of Community Chapter 4: Mapping Social Identities Chapter 5: The Civic Institutions of Palmyra Chapter 6: The Palmyrene Diaspora Chapter 7: The Palmyrene Empire: A Crisis of Identity Chapter 8: Retrospect and Broader Implications Bibliography Index


Based on the theme "Training of Educators", the present article sought to identify the students' productions on the theme. To achieve such aim, it considered the Masters' dissertations produced within the Postgraduate Program in Education of the Methodist University of Sao Paulo during its ten years of existence and consolidation within the scope of the Postgraduate Programs in Education in Sao Paulo and Brazil (1999-2009). During this period, ninety dissertations were defended on the line "Training of Educators" – one of the lines focused by the Program. The dissertations' abstracts were especially considered and the research reports were analyzed in order to enrich and better clarify the analysis. A lexical analysis through the Alceste software allowed a wide observation of such production. It analyzed the occurrences of words contained in the enunciations that form the dissertations' abstracts so as to organize and summarize the most relevant information.


The isotopic composition of the enhanced low energy nitrogen
and oxygen cosmic rays can provide information regarding the source
of these particles. Using the Caltech Electron/Isotope Spectrometer
aboard the IMP-7 satellite, a measurement of this isotopic composition
was made. To determine the isotope response of the instrument, a
calibration was performed, and it was determined that the standard
range-energy tables were inadequate to calculate the isotope response.
From the calibration, corrections to the standard range-energy tables
were obtained which can be used to calculate the isotope response of
this and similar instruments. The low energy nitrogen and oxygen cosmic rays were determined
to be primarily ^(14)N and ^(16)O. Upper limits were obtained for the
abundances of the other stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes. To the
84% confidence level the isotopic abundances are: ^(15)N/N ≤ 0.26
(5.6- 12.7 MeV/nucleon), ^(17)0/0 ≤ 0.13 (7.0- 11.8 MeV/nucleon),
(18)0/0 ≤ 0.12 (7.0 - 11.2 MeV/nucleon). The nitrogen composition
differs from higher energy measurements which indicate that ^(15)N, which
is thought to be secondary, is the dominant isotope. This implies that
the low energy enhanced cosmic rays are not part of the same population
as the higher energy cosmic rays and that they have not passed through
enough material to produce a large fraction of ^(15)N. The isotopic composition of the low energy enhanced nitrogen and oxygen is consistent
with the local acceleration theory of Fisk, Kozlovsky, and
Ramaty, in which interstellar material is accelerated to several
MeV/nucleon. If, on the other hand, the low energy nitrogen and
oxygen result from nucleosynthesis in a galactic source, then the
nucleosynthesis processes which produce an enhancement of nitrogen
and oxygen and a depletion of carbon are restricted to producing
predominantly ^(14)N and ^(16)O.


The paper discusses cognitive motivations of occasional abstract nouns in poetic language and the degree of abstraction value of derivatives with the productive suffix –ost' on the type of compatibility with related words.


The Woman with Epilepsy (S. Usiskin). Quality of Life in Women with Epilepsy (A. McGuire). Counseling Women Towards Independence (H. de Boer). Sex Differences in Epilepsy: Epidemiological Aspects (Z. Kurtz). Developmental and Behavioral Differences Between Males and Females (D. Taylor). The Adolescent Female with Epilepsy (J. Pellock). Epileptic Syndromes of Childhood and Adolescence (S. Wallace). Anticonvulsant Drugs, Hormones and Seizure Threshold (P. Patsalos). Contraception, Epilepsy and Pharmacokinetics (M. Orme, et al.). Catamenial Seizures (P. Crawford). Pregnancy and Teratogenesis (M. Yerby). Sex, Sexual Seizures and the Female with Epilepsy (B. Toone). Cognitive Differences Between Males and Females with Epilepsy (D. Upton, et al.). Depression and Epilepsy (M. Robertson). Pseudoseizures (Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder) (T. Betts & S. Boden). Women and Epilepsy: Famous and Not so Famous (M. Trimble). Index.


Radiationless transitions of a solute molecule embedded in a crystalline solvent are treated in close analogy to radiative transitions. A semiclassical interaction Hamiltonian employing empirically determined coupling constants connects solute particles to a force field amplitude set up by the phonons of the solvent. By relating this amplitude to phonon energy density an Einstein B coefficient is derived. Debye's formula for the phonon energy density combined with thermodynamic arguments yield Einstein A coefficients. It is shown that the theory (1) explains the fast rates of radiationless transitions, (2) provides for temperature dependence, (3) has a cutoff frequency for radiationless transition, (4) provides for the Franck—Condon principle, and (5) explains the lack of selection rules. A value is derived for the empirical coupling constants.


Facing the inevitable declining resources of energy,the studies of alternative fuel have obvious significance.In this paper,methane is used as main fuel with a small quantity pilot injection through the diesel fuel system.A combustion models of methane-diesel dual fuel engine (DFE) are developed,which includes thermodynamic-kinetic combustion model,heat-transfer and multi-zone combustion sub-model for pilot.By using those models,the combustion process and influence of operating parameters on dual fuel engine performance and emissions were predicted.


Macromolecules were found to act as additives to the total buffering action in parotid saliva. This additive effect was related to the proteins in the gland fluid, and could be demonstrated by analyzing changes in the end-point segments of titration curves.


The question of treating diphtheria with normal horse serum instead of antitoxic serum, which was much sensational in connection with the observations of Віlіng'a, has been repeatedly decided by both clinicians and bacteriologists in favor of antitoxic serum.


We consider the sectional curvatures for metric (J4 = 1)-manifolds, and study particularly the general expression of the metric and almostproduct structure in normal coordinates for para-Kaehlerian manifolds of constant para-holomorphic sectional curvature. We also introduce models of such spaces.


Article presents process of application of a selected quality method for analyzing and solving problems with the defectiveness of the foundry production process in example of pulley production in the examined enterprise X. The first part of the article presents the essence of quality and describes and illustrates the FMEA method. The theoretical part presents the characteristics of the tested object, the production process in terms of technology and presents the FMEA analysisthe analysis of the types of errors and their consequences. Directs to the analytical determination of cause-effect relation resulting in potential incompatibilities of the product. Afterwards eliminating or reducing the risks associated with it.


This article intends to show how the establishment of informal marital relations also represented the possibility of improving living conditions for the African population in the City of Bahia in the eighteenth century. For that, I used the trajectory of the African, Mina, Antonia Gomes as a privileged window to understand these aspects and others related to color, gender and social mobility in the context of urban slavery in the eighteenth century. In effect, inventories, wills, baptism and marriage seats were used as sources.


A growing number of older people are living in nursing homes worldwide, but their safety and quality of care are not guaranteed. This study explores registered nurses' (RNs) perspectives on systemic factors affecting the quality of care and safety decline of nursing home.


Objective To study the clinical significance of ECG in detecting transmural dispersion of repolarization(TDR)in elderly ischemic heart disease(IHD)patients.Methods One hundred and fifty-nine elderly IHD patients served as an experimental group and 143 subjects undergoing physical examination served as a control group in this study.Patients in experimental group who underwent 12-lead ECG for Tp-e,QTc,QTd,Tp-e/QTc,and 24 hdynamic ECG were divided into non-ventricular arrhythmia group(n=58),ventricular arrhythmia group(n=76),and ventricular tachycardia group(n=25).The patients were followed up for 6-48 months and further divided into death group(n=35),survivor group(n=103),and sudden death group(n=21).The relation of Tp-e,QTc,QTd,Tp-e/QTc with ventricular arrhythmia and cardiogenic sudden death was observed.Results The Tp-e,QTc,QTd,Tp-e/QTc were significantly longer in experimental group and sudden death group than in control group(P0.05,P0.01),in sudden death group than in survivor group and death group(P0.05),in ventricular arrhythmia group and ventricular tachycardia group than in non-ventricular arrhythmia group,and in ventricular tachycardia group than in ventricular arrhythmia group(P0.05).The Tp-e,QTd,Tp-e/QTc were related with ventricular arrhythmia and cardiogenic sudden death(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion Tp-e,QTc,QTd,Tp-e/QTc can show the TDR in elderly IHD patients,indicating that their increased value is the risk factor for cardiogenic sudden death in elderly IHD patients.


Cases with foreign bodies in the bladder are rarely seen. According to studies, it has been reported that foreign bodies were removed from the bladder. Etiology of these cases are iatrogenic causes, migration from adjacent organs, tissues and self-insertion. In this case, we present a foreign body in the bladder in a psychosexually healthy male secondary to self urethral catheterization. We aimed to carry out a review based on previous studies on foreign bodies in bladder, self urethral catheterization after urethral stenosis treatment and its results. (JAREM 2012; 2: 82-4)


Abstract Research publications on culture-related flavor defects in fermented dairy products are reviewed. Bitterness and fruity off-flavor in Cheddar cheese, caused by the production of bitter peptides and ethyl esters of fatty acids respectively by starter bacteria, are discussed. Lack of diacetyl flavor in Cottage cheese, cultured buttermilk and sour cream is viewed as a major flavor defect in products being marketed today. Cultures may destroy diacetyl by converting it to acetoin and in the case of Cottage cheese, culturing of the dressing with flavor organisms is recommended to enhance flavor. Harsh or green flavors in fermented products caused by excessive acetaldehyde production may be controlled with starter strains high in alcohol dehydrogenase (aldehyde reductase) or by ensuring that high populations of Leuconostoc are present by adding them as concentrates. For yogurt, however, high acetaldehyde-producing cultures are desirable for typical flavor and testing of Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains for use in yogurt cultures for this property is suggested. Strain dominance as it may contribute to culture defects also is discussed.


types of making" (p. 18), which correspond to three of the ways of knowing. For example, analogies are suggested between craft methods and natural history, and between rationalized production and analysis. Treated simply as analogies, the three ways of making may be useful in teaching the history of technology, but Pickstone has come to believe that "there are close, systematic linkages, recognition of which helps illuminate many common questions about science-technology relationships" (p. 19). This potentially fruitful approach is not developed very far, and I would have been happier with slightly different wording. The knowledge gained by making and doing is indeed a basic way of knowing. However, the role played by unacknowledged insights or "tacit knowledge" makes comparisons between science and (especially) craft technology more difficult than is suggested here. Ways of Knowing is so full of useful ideas that any problems in this area should merely serve to make it more stimulating for historians of technology. It is an important book in that it breaks the mold in which the histories of science, technology, and medicine have been stuck for too long. Fresh thinking should be easier now in many historical studies of STM, as I am finding in using ideas from the book in my own work. It needs to be noticed, however, that the book is a short one, especially in relation to its extensive scope. For those who are already well-read in the subjects discussed, it is immensely readable and stimulating. For others (in some chapters including myself) brevity makes some points hard to grasp. More historical narrative illustrating key arguments (especially about technology) could have made things clearer. Some of the chapters, indeed, are so important and so interesting that they merit book-length treatment on their own.


Introduction: In our study, we present a direct staining method of epitenon fibroblasts with the dye Dil (1,1΄- dioctadecyl -3,3,3΄,3΄-tetramethylindocarbocyanine percholate) using an animal model, and furthermore we observe the migration of these cells. Our methodology tries to imitate what actually happens in clinical practice, as far as possible. Material and methods: In 36 New Zealand rabbits, the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of right anterior leg was pulled out of its sheath, incised and sutured with modified Kessler. The tendon was stained with the dye Dil and placed back to its sheath, where it was fixed distally. Tendon specimens were taken from 6 rabbits and examined under fluorescence microscopy at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 days postoperatively. In order to evaluate our results, the fibroblasts' migration was divided into 4 phases: first phase, all the stained cells are on the tendon surface; second phase, there is only sporadic migration of fibroblasts under the tendon surface; third phase, there is massive migration of cells below the tendon surface; fourth phase, the cells are deeper into the tendon substance. Results: The majority of epitenon's fibroblasts in the first 24 hours were found to be in the first phase (all stained cells were at the tendon's surface and only some cell clusters were found to be in the second phase). On the 3 rd day, the majority was found to be in the third phase (massive migration under tendon's surface), and on the 5 th day


Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare condition that occurs within the first six months of life. Permanent NDM (PNDM) is caused by mutations in specific genes that are known for their expression at early and/or late stages of pancreatic beta‐ cell development, and are either involved in beta‐cell survival, insulin processing, regulation, and release. The native population in Qatar continues to practice consanguineous marriages that lead to a high level of homozygosity. To our knowledge, there is no previous report on the genomics of NDM among the Qatari population. The aims of the current study are to identify patients with NDM diagnosed between 2001 and 2016, and examine their clinical and genetic characteristics.


A shortage of radiologists is increasingly putting UK breast cancer screening under strain, and with more breast radiologists retiring than new radiologists being appointed/trained, this burden is set to increase. One possible partial solution is the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in breast screening mammogram interpretation to meet this future need. Various groups have demonstrated the potential use of AI in retrospective studies although few have demonstrated its utility, in situ, in large prospective randomised control trials, the conventional way of demonstrating clinical and operational utility. The next step in this technology's evolution is to determine how best to implement it. Should AI replace all human readers, partially replace them, or operate as a reader assistant/companion? Population screening relies on the test (and its interpretation) being acceptable to those participating. However, little is known about the views of the breast cancer screening population on the use of AI in interpreting breast screening mammograms. Data published recently from a Dutch survey of women aged 16–75 do demonstrate overall good acceptance of AI especially when used alongside human screen readers. In October 2020, using a standardised paper questionnaire, we sought to obtain NHS Grampian screening participants' views on the use of AI in interpreting breast screening mammograms, with the aim of designing a prospective study agreeable to the screening population. The questionnaire was designed with help from social scientists and reviewed by University of Aberdeen ethics committee. Its execution was aided by a local charity/patient group and tested for clarity in a similar population to our sample. The complete questionnaire is available in the supplementary material and on our study website (https://icaird.com/ about/public-engagement). After describing the current UK system of dual reader screening followed by arbitration reading if required, we posed four different AI scenarios and asked participants whether they approved or objected; 364 consecutive screening participants were offered the questionnaire, and 187 (51%) returned completed responses. Responses to the four key questions can be seen in Figure 1. We tested the differences in approval/objection for those that expressed a preference (not neutral) using a Chi-squared approach. Participants significantly approved of the introduction of AI for three out of the four scenarios presented. These scenarios involve both AI and human readers to varying degrees. Of these three scenarios, AI as a reader companion (Scenario 4) and AI replacing one human reader (Scenario 1) met with the most approval, while AI as a triage tool (Scenario 3) met with less approval. On average, participants neither approved nor disapproved of the boldest option (Scenario 2), the complete replacement of human readers. In addition to the scenarios, we asked participants their age; perceived knowledge of AI; and if they had a family history of breast cancer. Those with greater self-assessed knowledge of AI were more likely to approve of its introduction. Family history of breast cancer showed no association with AI approval. Age had a weak positive association with approval for Scenario 3, AI as a triage tool. The gains of each scenario are yet to be quantified; however, it is clear from these results that most of the screening population approves of (or does not object to) the introduction of AI techniques for breast screening. This approval is larger in a subsample who have some self-perceived knowledge or understanding of AI. It is our understanding that these are the first published data demonstrating the effect that perceived understanding of AI has on the likelihood of acceptance of AI within breast cancer screening mammography. However, the level of perceived understanding may be a function of other factors such as education or socioeconomic status. For this reason, the generalisability of our finding may be limited to similar populations. Taken together, the more


We present models for the soft X ray emission spectra of UXXIV, UXXV, UXXX, UXXXI and UXXXII under tokamak conditions. The spectra are calculated from collisional-radiative models and cover the 60 to 200{Angstrom} range. A fully relativistic parametric potential code has been used for the ab initio atomic structure calculations, and electron impact excitation rates have been computed in the distorted wave approximation. The ions considered here display a range of spectroscopic phenomena to be found in the O-shell of heavy elements, that can be compared with experimental observations. These include the configuration interaction between 5s{sup 2}5p{sup 6}5d{sup k{minus}1}5f and 5s{sup 2}5p{sup 5}5d{sup k+1} in ions with 5s{sup 2}5p{sup 6}5d{sup k} ground configurations, represented by UXXIV (k=l); configuration interaction between 5s{sup 2}5p{sup k{minus}1}5d and 5s{sup 2}5p{sup k+l} in ions with 5s{sup 2}5p{sup k} ground configurations, such as UXXX (k=l); the unique system of satellite emission lines to the resonant 5s-5p transitions in UXXXII arising from highly metastable 4f{sup 13}5s{sup 2} levels; and the bright, isolated resonant lines associated with the closed shell UXXXI and systems.


When blended in a curable resin such as a useful surface-treated heavy calcium carbonate, or one-part moisture-curable adhesive or a sealant such as fine pore diameter precisely controlling film or hydrolysis to easy resin of the polyester to the, or to dry preliminary, It provides a sufficient or ground calcium carbonate with a simple pre-drying. Expression 13,000≤A≤25,000, 0.8≤B≤3.0, C≥0.55, surface-treated calcium carbonate satisfying the 0≤D1≤1000, or a group represented by the formula 8,000≤A≤25,000, 0.8≤B≤15, 0≤C1≤1000 and a heavy calcium carbonate satisfying the 0≤C2≤150. However, A: surface area


In order to evaluate the effects of slow-release gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues on calcium metabolism, we studied 10 (7 female, 3 male) children with central precocious puberty, treated with GnRH agonist D-Trp6-GnRH (Decapeptyl, Ipsen), their mean ± SD age was 5.5 ± 3.1 years. The patients were studied before the beginning (t0) and after 6 months of treatment (t1). Twelve sex and age-matched healthy children were also studied. We evaluated Bone Mineral Content (BMC) and serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, PTH (M 44-68), CT, 25-OH-vitamin DAt t0, the 24 hour excretion of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were similar to control group and did not changed at 11. Our study shows that children with precocious puberty have an increased BMC and that gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues modify bone density, with a consequent its reduction; this reduction seems not related to calcium metabolism.


By runoff determination,the regional vegetation and habitat survey,we integrate ecohydrologidal parameters measured in a small-scale and ecological changes in environment.We used the RS and GIS technology and hydrological analysis methods in the research.We reveal the distribute pattern and change of the surface runoff in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia from the late 1970s to the beginning of 21th century.Resorting to this method,preliminary conclusions are as follows:(1) The surface runoff is between 0~1 mm in late 1970s and late 1980s and is between 1~2 mm in the beginning of 21th century in most of the study area.The largest area of surface runoff all appear in the southwest of Abaga Banner in three periods,and the minimum area appear in the near the border and Huitengliang.(2)The total volume of the average runoff of study area increases continually in the growing season in nearly 30 years.The total volume of the average runoff is 4.22 × 107 m3 and 4.87 ×107 m3 in late 1970s and late 1980s respectively and increases significantly to 7.46 × 107 m3 in the beginning of 21th century.


The convenient preparation of three imidazo[1,2a]pyridine-2-carboxamide intermediates is reported through known Strecker‒Ugi type multicomponent reactions, Tschitschibabin type condensations and further synthetic sequences. The derivatives were then efficiently converted to novel 4-chloro-2(trifluoromethyl)pyrido[1,2-e]purines by way of their original reactions with 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, followed by subsequent dehydroxychlorination reactions. These compounds were crosscoupled under microwave irradiation through Suzuki‒Miyaura and Sonogashira palladium(0) catalysis to various aromatic and alkynyl reagents, thus providing the related C-4 substituted pyrido[1,2e]purines of biological interest in good yields.


Twenty years after the publication of the seminal book by Rowlinson and Swinton, Liquids and Liquid Mixtures , 1 there is still a need for good experimental data on a certain number of model systems. Given the fact that a whole array of molecular featuresssize, shape, flexibility, etc scontribute to the thermodynamic behavior of a liquid mixture, it is useful to look at families or series of systems so that trends can be detected and correlations explored. Among the first to be studied were mixtures of spherical and quasi-spherical molecules. Typical examples of the former are the noble gases, and an obvious choice for the latter is methane. Detailed thermodynamic studies of liquid mixtures of methane with both argon 1 and krypton 2 have been published. (Krypton and methane have, in fact, very similar sizes and interaction energies, leading to the almost ideal behavior of (krypton + methane) mixtures. 2 ) A whole series of mixtures of xenon with light alkanes, viz., ethane, propane, n-butane, and i-butane, have also been investigated. (Only methane is missing from the list.) It thus seemed worthwhile to study the (xenon + methane) system, the missing link between those series (of methane with the noble gases and of xenon with the lower alkanes). As far as we are aware, no liquid-vapor equilibrium study has been performed on such system. The reason is obvious: unlike the other mixtures in the two families of systems, which can be studied at low pressures, the liquid overlap of xenon and methane happens at moderately high pressures. (The vapor pressure of methane at the xenon triple point is 16 bars.) From a theoretical point of view, a major development in our understanding of liquid mixtures has been the emergence in the late 1980s of molecularly based equations of state (EOS) such as the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT). 3,4


Abstract : This paper describes a mathematical model which has been developed to predict the thermal response of deep sea divers working at depths as great as 1000 feet. Under these conditions, divers are subjected to extreme thermal stress because the water temperature is approximately O deg C; the gas used for breathing and in the suit is helium which has a high thermal conductivity. Increased mass flow rate through the respiratory tract promotes heat loss when the breathing gas is not warmed. Since the experimental evaluation of new systems designed to protect divers is a difficult, time consuming process, it is worthwhile to have a reliable mathematical model for predicting diver performance under various conditions. The mathematical model described in this paper subdivides the human into 15 cylindrical elements representing the head, thorax, abdomen, and proximal, medial, and distal segments of each arm and leg. Within each element the transient-state heat conduction equation is solved to obtain temperature profiles. Mass balances are also computed for oxygen, carbon dioxide and lactic acid. The program permits one to specify various kinds of wet and dry suits with either open or closed circuit heating. (Author)


The heart is the first organ to develop in order to supply the ever-increasing metabolic demands of the growing embryo. The heart is a unique structure in the body as it is derived from four distinct pools of progenitors: the first heart field (cardiac crescent), the second heart field (SHF), the proepicardial organ and the cardiac neural crest. These progenitors differentiate into the different cell types that comprise the adult heart: cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and the conduction system. This complex program of differentiation is controlled by different molecular signaling pathways. A key component of the cardiac development program is the exquisitely coordinated expression of various genes in a spatially and temporally controlled fashion. Genes must be activated or repressed within restricted regions at specific times in order for normal cardiac development to proceed. In large part, this regulation of gene expression is controlled by an evolutionarily conserved set of transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNAs). Historically, the study of cardiac transcription factors has been very informative in understanding the early events in cardiogenesis. The rapidly evolving field of cardiac miRNAs promises to further extend our understanding of cardiac development. In this chapter, we will describe essential cardiac transcription factors and miRNAs and their role in controlling cardiac development. P. Roche M. P. Czubryt Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada J. T. Wigle Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada P. Roche M. P. Czubryt J. T. Wigle (&) Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, RM 4011, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com B. Ostadal and N. S. Dhalla (eds.), Cardiac Adaptations, Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease 4, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5203-4_2, Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 19


Significant work has been conducted in the direction of an intelligent interface
development through Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Various forms of information, such
as video, audio, or in the written form, have been proposed either separately or in combination.

This paper proposes an interactive contact solution based on the distinct characteristics of
contract distribution and the spatial and temporal consistency to establish a multiple display system.

The correspondence between the user's arm position information and the virtual scene was
established by utilizing a virtual 3D interactive rectangular parallelepiped. An estimation technique
of the arm motion was designed, in conjunction with the employment of the Fuzzy Predictive Control
Mamdani Algorithm (FPCMA) using Robust Tracking (RT) for the user's arm position and for
validating the efficiency and accuracy, Kalman filter algorithm (VEA) was used to test the stability.

 For RT, using FPCMA is 1.21 for 17fps while 0.83 for 35fps. For the output, the VEA
accuracy rate is 0.97.


A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding diet containing palm oil (PO) and sunflower oil (SO) and their combination on bird performance, liver fatty acid profile and meat cholesterol content of broiler. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks (Cobb) randomly assigned into four dietary treatments and fed for six weeks. The dietary treatments were T1, 6% PO (control); T2, 4% PO + 2% SO; T3, 2% PO + 4% SO; and T4, 6% SO. The body weight gain increased and feed conversion ratio (FCR) reduced with the increasing level of unsaturated fatty acid sources oil (SO) compared to control group (PO). Significantly higher (P<0.05) overall daily body weight gain and lower FCR were found in broilers fed dietary treatments T3 compared to other treatments. However, no differences (P<0.05) were found in daily body weight gain and FCR among the two combination of oil and SO alone. Dietary treatments influence the fatty acid composition of liver and increasing the dietary SO decreased the level of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1n-9, SFA and MUFA and increased the C18:2n-6, UFA: PUFA, UFA: SFA and PUFA: SFA. Birds fed PO had higher cholesterol concentration in meat which was decreased by supplementation of SO in broiler diet. However, cholesterol concentration was not differed in meat among the dietary SO and combination of SO and PO. It could be concluded that supplementation of a combination of PO and SO in broiler diet increased performance, altered the fatty acid composition of liver tissue and decreased cholesterol content of meat which may have a favorable impact on consumer's health.


Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell disorder characterized by clonal proliferation and monoclonal immunoglobulin production. The disease manifestations are secondary to direct invasion of plasma cells and excessive light chain production. AL amyloidosis is seen in Multiple myeloma due to light chain deposition. Here we report a case of elderly male presented with multiple swellings and dark pigmentation around both eyes and progressive weakness and stiffness in both limbs diagnosed to have Multiple myeloma with cutaneous and systemic amyloidosis.


Virtual reality (VR) device prices drastically declined in the past decade, leading to a shift in the VR market. As VR enters the mainstream, the design of both VR hardware and software must evolve to meet the needs of diverse users. Current systems appeal to niche consumers who are willing and able to use VR despite bulky hardware and accessibility barriers in software. The current review outlines the limitations of current VR systems and proposes ways in which designs can be iterated to produce more ergonomic and accessible systems for a broader range of users.


In Che'erchen River and Keliya River valley,south of Xinjiang,there are some remains characterized by Zaghunluq cemetery.These remains have been regarded as a part of Chawuhu Culture for long time.It is mentioned in this article that these remains have their own region and characteristic,as a result we can see it as an independent culture,named Zaghunluq Culture.


A The ADIP information to identify and accurately detected, and controls the writing to the optical disc. A method for decoding ADIP information encoded on an optical disk, apparatus and system is provided. One method includes the steps of receiving a wobble signal and wobble clock and evaluating the successive bits of the wobble signal using the wobble clock, and a step of triggering the identification of the ADIP information in wobble signal based on the evaluation including.


Reading habits can be described as continuous lifelong need for gaining new knowledge, and are perceived by individuals as both a necessity as well as a source of satisfaction. The reading habits are the subject of this paper, from the perspective of the students themselves as well as to their frequencies of reading books, newspapers, magazines, and the innovations in the reading process (the use of electronic vs. printed formats). The main reason for the stance that reading is both, a necessity and a source of satisfaction can be found in the fact that reading enables enhancement of personal development, as well as the advancement of the society as a whole. After presenting the results of the secondary research, the results of the empirical research conducted during the months of May and June 2018 will be presented, in particularly as to the descriptive and comparative statistics on the reading habits amongst university students in the Republic of Serbia.


The Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA) project was a community-organizing effort to reduce underage alcohol use and resulting problems, such as traffic crashes, using a theory-based process of community activation. Objectives of this randomized community trial include: (1) reducing the availability of alcohol to youth under age 21 (the legal age for drinking in the United States), (2) reducing alcohol consumption among youth, and (3) reducing injury and other health and social problems associated with alcohol use among young people. Reductions in underage drinking would result from changes in community- and institutional-level policies and practices, with consequent reductions in injury morbidity and other social and health problems associated with underage drinking. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 893732.


We describe the molecular engineering of new highly efficient two-photon photolabile cages, based on dissymmetrical donor-acceptor and symmetrical donor-donor systems. Complete characterizations of these new cages, based on a biphenyl, fluorenyl or a 2,5-diphenylthienyl central core will be presented. In vitro photochemistry will be described (uncaging quantum yield, two-photon uncaging action cross-section,...) and we will then focus on biological results obtained in cell culture and on acute brain slices (with glutamate and fluorescence uncaging).


Three hundred and thirty‐seven renal cell carcinomas treated at University of Illinois Affiliated Hospitals were reviewed. There was an inverse correlation between tumor size and survival. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The topic of generating random bits from imperfect random sources was studied extensively. Existing work provides solutions that are based on the concept of a fixed-length extractor; namely, an algorithm that gets a fixed number of random bits from a source and generates random bits. Typically, the number of random bits extracted using fixed-length extractors is upperbounded by the min-entropy. However, based on Shannon's theory, the information theoretic limit for randomness extraction is the source's entropy that is typically strictly larger than the min-entropy. In this paper, we consider a scenario where the source is a weak stochastic process and the output sequence is required to be ε-close to the uniform distribution on {0, 1}, where m is a prescribed value. We introduce a new class of extractors with a variable input-length and fixed output-length. Our variable-length extractors have two important properties: (i) they approach the information theoretic upper bound on efficiency (entropy of the source) while the extracted bits are random in the sense of statistical difference; and (ii) they minimize the expected number of symbols read from the source in order to reach a prescribed number of random bits.


ABSTRACT This paper categorises rationales used to support investment in technical and vocational education programmes. It reviews a range of general approaches that have been pursued and comments on the different purposes which can be identified. The penultimate section reviews evidence on the cost‐effectiveness of technical and vocational education interventions. Concluding remarks summarise and comment on the consensus that appears to have emerged from experience with many different projects. [1] This paper derives from work undertaken in preparing K. M. Lewin & A. Ross Dialogue for Development: a policy review of British educational aid towards 2000. London: Overseas Development Administration.


To the Editor. —The role of news tabloids has been addressed in theArchives 1,2 and other peer-reviewed journals. As executive editor of one such tabloid, Ocular Surgery News , I appreciate this opportunity to comment. Although valid arguments—including an interesting constitutional one—exist, I am not writing to defend or explain the role of tabloids. I believe most ophthalmologists understand that role and choose either to recognize it or not. But no one can fairly predict that the ophthalmic news tabloid is going to go away. I am reacting to a common theme, articulated in the above-referenced works, that the tabloids are less accurate than peer-reviewed journals, which is probably true by definition, and that the publishers of the tabloids therefore must feel a lesser commitment to accuracy, which is demonstrably untrue. In addition to review by the executive editor and chief medical editor, Ocular Surgery News sends galley copies via


This paper describes the implementation of a realtime, speaker-independent isolated speech recognition system using Hidden Markov Models on a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4F microcontroller. We introduce the theory, the requirements and details of the embedded implementation. The evaluation was made using a multi-speaker isolated-digit corpus of Argentinian Spanish, and its performance in terms of accuracy, speed and required memory was compared against a baseline Dynamic Time Warping recognizer, implemented previously on the same architecture. Test results show that the proposed HMM system outperforms the baseline system, and exhibits a recognition accuracy of 96.21% under a clean acoustic environment.


We performed magnetization measurements on a soft magnetic film deposited on a substrate made of α-Fe2O3,which is a candidate material for the sliders of magnetic heads because of its excellent tribological properties. Since α-Fe2O3 exhibits the spontaneous magnetization due to the weak ferromagnetism at room temperature, a biased field caused by magneto-static coupling between the magnetic film and the substrate was observed in the hysteresis loop.In order to use α-Fe2O3 as a magnetic core substrate, we reduced the spontaneous magnetization by synthesizing a solid solution of α-Fe2O3 and Cr2O3, (CrxFe1-x)2O3. Magnetization measurements revealed that the decrease in spontaneous magnetization with increasing x is larger than that expected from simple dilution with non-magnetic ions.This behavior may be attributed to the effect of the single ion type anisotropy of Cr3+ affecting on the spin direction of Fe3+.


This article attempts to explore the historical consciousness of Zhang Ailing's works by discussing the age in which she lives and the experience she undergoes so as to understand and analyze Zhang Ailing and her works from a new angle.


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104 pp. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Includes maps and figures. Adopted February 13, 2006 (per telephone conversation with City of Eugene) but "the City's adoption of the PROS Comprehensive Plan was appealed to the Oregon Land Use Board of Appeals (LUBA) and LUBA remanded the City's adoption. The PROS Comprehensive Plan has no legal effect as a land use plan; however, it continues to serve as the City's aspirational and guiding parks, recreation and open space document" (per City of Eugene Web site as of January 23, 2008). Captured January 23, 2008.