North Korean attitude to foreigners is often reduced to an isolationist policy and the ideologically driven alienation of the North Korean people from the world community; but a closer examination of the cultural practices of the democratic people's republic of Korea (DPRK) provides evidence that isolationism alone does not exhaust the North Korean foreign perspective. The officially promoted North Korean philosophy of foreigners emerges as a complex phenomenon which combines wariness and distrust of foreigners with internationalism and the concept of 'foreign friends'. This chapter reconstructs a fuller version of the North Korean discourse of foreigners including its least studied part, internationalism. Three objective factors have held back the realisation of the new internationalist tendency in the DPRK: the political seclusion of the DPRK, 'national solipsism' in the North Korean mono-ethnic mentality, and a paradigm of unfinished war with the United States. Keywords:democratic people's republic of Korea (DPRK); foreigners; internationalism; national solipsism; North Korean philosophy; political seclusion


Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in the anesthesia in the aged receiving total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods From May 2006 to June 2009,84 patients(41males,43 females;aged 57 ~ 92 years,averaged 67 years;52 with osteoarthritis,23 with rheumatoid arthritis) who received one-side TKA were randomized into treatment group and control group(each n = 42).The patients in treatment group received 1 g of tranexamic acid diluted with 250 mL of normal saline administered intravenously,which was repeated 3 h later,and patients in control group received an equal volume of normal saline.The amounts of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative visible blood loss,the hidden blood loss,and blood transfusion,the number of patients needing blood transfusion,symptoms of deep venous thrombosis,and the values of preoperative,intraoperative,and 3 hours of postoperative D-dimer,hemoglobin,fibrinogen,prothrombin time,and activated partial thromboplastin time were recorded.Results There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss and the values of intraoperative and 3 hours of postoperative fibrinogen,prothrombin time,and activated partial thromboplastin time between the two groups(P 0.05).The amounts of postoperative visible blood loss,the hidden blood loss,and blood transfusion,and the number of patients needing blood transfusion were lower,whilst the value of postoperative hemoglobin was higher in treatment group as compared with those in control group(P 0.05).No symptoms of deep venous thrombosis was found,and no deep venous thrombosis was observed through Doppler ultrasound examination.Conclusion The application of tranexamic acid perioperatively in the aged receiving TKA could significantly decrease the amounts of blood loss and blood transfusion without increasing the risk for venous thrombosis.


A novel automatic and robust remote sensing image registration method is proposed.At first,the feature points are identified as local extrema both in 2D-space and scale space of the image,and the local invariant feature descriptors are extracted in the neighborhoods of the feature points,named as scale invariant feature transform(SIFT).Then an initial matching set is obtained by matching the SIFT features based on the distance gather.At last,the matching point set is divided into inner and outer point using robust random sample consensus(RANSAC)algorithm,and the image transform model is accurately estimated by the inner sub-set.The repeatability and matchability of SIFT features are tested by the simulated experiment.The validity and the robustness is validated by the experiment with satellite image of the proposed method.


AuCo solid solutions have been prepared by co-evaporation of both components onto a liquid-helium-cooled substrate. The electrical resistivity of these solid solutions was then measured in situ after different annealing treatments (Ta=80K, 150K, 290K, 360K) as a function of temperature and Co concentration (c=0.25-23 at.%). The residual resistivity increases linearly with Co concentration up to c=8 at.%. The negative slope of the resistivity d rho /dT taken at 4K is proportional to the square of the Co concentration (up to c=1.8 at.%). The c2 law, valid for the random solid solution (Ta=80K), means that the temperature-dependent cross section for the electrons is due to interactions between the Co atoms. Annealing the films to Ta=360K allows clustering and deviation from the random distribution of the Co atoms in Au. For this case the negative slope d rho /sup //dT is proportional to c3/2 in agreement with the bulk sample results of Loram et al. (1970).


Late Antique Archaeology: An Introduction Like Lavan Part One: Ideologies and Agendas Ideologies and Agendas in Late Antique Studies Averill Cameron Part Two: Social Life Archaeology and Late Antique Social Structures Jean-Pierre Sodini The Construction of Identities in Post-Roman Albania William Bowden Some Aspects of the Transformation of the Roman Domus between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Barbara Reece Part Three: The Economy Late Antique Trade: Research Methodologies& Field Practices Sean A. Kingsley Coins and the Late Roman Economy Richard Reece Part Four: Topography Late Antique Urban Topography: From Architecture to Human Space Luke Lavan The Urban Ideal and Urban Planning in Byzantine New Cities of the Sixth Century A.D. Enrico Zanini Christian Topography in the Late Antique Town: Recent Results and Open Questions Gisella Cantino Wataghin Topographies of Production in North African Cities during the Vandal and Byzantine Periods Anna Leone Archaeological Survey and Visualisation: The View from Byzantium Richard Bayliss The Political Topography of the Late Antique City: Activity Spaces in Practice Luke Lavan Part Five: Spolia Attitudes to Spolia in some Late Antique Texts Robert Coates-Stephens Valenza Del Reimpiego: II Caso di Efeso Ida Leggio Part Six: Decline and Fall? Studying Long-Term Change Studying Long-term Change in the West, A.D. 400-800 Chris Wickham Decline and Fall? Studying Long-Term Change in the East Mark Whittow Index


Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are glycoprotein complex compounds derived from chitosan linked by 1,4 glucosidic bonds with chain lengths of 20 or less. Crab shell is a crustacean waste that contains 20-30% chitin as the basic material for making chitooligosaccharides. Chitooligosaccharide hydrolysis can be carried out enzymatically. Enzymatic hydrolysis is specific and controlled. Enzymes that can be used to hydrolyze chitosan into chitooligosaccharides are chitosanase enzymes. Chitosanase enzyme is a glycosyl hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of -1,4 glycosidic bonds of chitosan to produce low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides. One of the bacteria that produces chitosanase enzymes, namely Bacillus sp. The purpose of this study was to optimize the production of chitooligosaccharides by treating the enzyme concentration, hydrolysis time, and hydrolysis temperature. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with the following factors: enzyme concentration (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%) and hydrolysis temperature (30oC, 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, 70oC, 80oC) and time of hydrolysis (1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours and 8 hours). This enzyme works optimally at pH 4.5. The results showed that this chitosanase enzyme had optimum activity at a concentration of 2% (w/w) chitosan, a temperature of 50oC, and a hydrolysis time of 5 hours. The chitooligosaccharide has a reducing sugar content of 8.49 ± 0.38 mg/mL, a viscosity of 19.08 ± 0.01 cPs, and a molecular weight of 4.51 kDa.
 Keywords: chitooligosaccharides, crab shells, chitosanase enzyme, hydrolysis


The current paper aims to inform understanding of the processes underlying the generation of affective responses during multi-goal workload conditions when using a promotion-prevention goal framing. Valence is specified as a dynamic variable that is formulated by a combination of goal progress indicators including goal attainment, velocity discrepancy and position discrepancy. Arousal is a dynamic variable that is a measure of task demands. Affective responses are a combination of these factors. According to Regulatory Focus Theory (Higgins, 1997), the way in which goals are communicated in terms of promotion-prevention, is capable of influencing the values and weightings of goal progress indicators to produce differing trajectories of affective responses. Using Gee's new Dynamic Affective States Model (2014), we extend this model to a multiple-goal task environment with a newly developed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) simulation. An experimental study was conducted with 65 participants performing simultaneous navigation and classification tasks. Participants were randomly assigned to an overall approach-promotion or approachprevention goal framing condition, while affective states and perceived workload were measured at regular intervals across 16 goal striving mini-missions. The results indicated that Gee's Model of Affective States could be extended to this new task environment and goal framing approach, being able to capture four distinct trajectories of affective states as distinguished by the goal framing condition and by trials where individuals attained or failed to attain their goals. The contributions of each indicator on valence and arousal differed across promotion and prevention goal framing. We discuss the theoretical, methodological and implication of our findings.


XUE Tao,a famous female poet,in Mid-Tang Dynasty,had an irreplaceable position and value not only in the history of female literature,but also in the history of Chinese literature.Her poetry,which showed strong female consciousness,in a qualified sense,subverted the traditional "Chinese Gender Estate".As for the female consciousness,mainly embody as "equal love","unique female perspective" and "conscientious consciousness of female creating body".


Aiming to design an integrated controller of active steering and longitudinal slip ratio system,the entire control task was divided into main-loop and servo-loop: by using nonlinear sliding mode control method,the main-loop controller robustly calculates the generalized forces for vehicle motion stabilizing;and the servo-loop optimally distributes these forces to four tires,considering tire nonlinearities near saturation.When distributing tire forces,by directly considering different constraints including friction and actuator limits,the constrained optimization based integrated controller can greatly improve yaw rate tracking and suppress vehicle sideslip motion,and thus improve the vehicle active safety.


At the heart of constructive quantum field theory lies reflection positivity. Through its use one may extend results for a Euclidean field theory to a relativistic theory. In this dissertation we connect functorial and constructive quantum field theories through reflection positivity. In 2014 Santosh Kandel constructed examples of d-dimensional functorial QFTs when d is even. We define functorial reflection positivity and show that this functorial theory is a reflection positive theory. We go on to show that every reflection positive theory produces a reflection positive Hilbert space. Iterated doubles are then introduced and used as a starting point to produce a four dimensional quantum field theory. The (0 + 1) dimensional theory is then analyzed and shown to correspond to quantum mechanics.


This paper analyzes scientific aspects of Computer Science. First it defines science and scientific method in general. It gives a discussion of relations between science, research, development and technology. The existing theory of science (Popper, Carnap, Kuhn, Chalmers) has physics as an ideal. Not many sciences come close to that ideal. Philosophy of Science (Theory of Science) as it is today is not of much help when trying to analyze Computer Science. Computer Science is a new field and its object of investigation (universe) is a computer, which is an ever-developing artifact, the materialization of the ideas that try to structure knowledge and the information about the world, including computers themselves. However different, Computer Science has its basis in logic and mathematics, and both theoretical and experimental research methods follow patterns of classical scientific fields. Computer modeling and simulation as a method is specific for the discipline, and it is going to develop even more in the future, not only applied to computers, but also to other scientific as well as commercial and artistic fields.


The gravastar model, which postulates a strongly correlated thin shell of anisotropic matter surrounding a region of anti-de Sitter space, has been proposed as an alternative to black holes. We discuss constraints that present-day observations of well-known black hole candidates place on this model. We focus upon two black hole candidates known to have extraordinarily low luminosities: the supermassive black hole in the galactic centre, Sagittarius A*, and the stellar-mass black hole, XTE J1118 + 480. We find that the length scale for modifications of the type discussed in Chapline et al (2003 Int. J. Mod. Phys. 18 3587–90) must be sub-Planckian.


It has been demonstrated in batch and continuous bench-scale units that molten zinc chloride is a superior catalyst for liquefaction of coal, coal extract or other heavy hydrocarbons. High quality gasoline of 90 to 92 Research Octane Number is produced in high yield in a single hydrocracking step. Large amounts of zinc chloride are used as the catalyst for high activity, i.e., usually 1 gm of ZnCl/sub 2/ per gm of coal or extract feed. From 1 to 2 parts by weight of product catalyst is generated during the hydrocracking process depending on the ZnCl/sub 2//feed ratio. This product catalyst is contaminated with zinc sulfide, ammonia or ammonium chloride complexed with zinc chloride (formed by the catalyst partially reacting with the sulfur and nitrogen in the feed during the hydrocracking step), carbonaceous residue that cannot be distilled out of the melt, and coal ash, when coal is the feed to the hydrocracking process. To keep the catalyst active, these impurities must be removed in a regeneration process in which the catalyst is converted back to essentially pure zinc chloride. The regeneration is accomplished by burning out the impurities in a combustor containing a fluidized bed of inert silica sand. Hydrogen more » chloride gas is added to the feed air to convert ZnO to ZnCl/sub 2/ and to prevent formation of ZnO by hydrolysis of zinc chloride in the combustor. Continuous regeneration of this coal-ash-contaminated spent melt from direct hydrocracking of coal and efficient zinc recovery therefrom has now been demonstrated for the first time. In this work zinc recovery was enhanced by introducing a secondary zinc recovery step in which zinc, retained in the coal ash rejected in the primary regeneration step, is largely recovered. This paper presents some of the results of this regeneration work with natural spent melt from direct coal hydrocracking. « less


This study focuses on obtaining the importance of the attributes of public transportation by bus. The importance can be obtained by two different approaches: the stated importance (in which, the users answer directly about the importance) and the derived importance (in which, from the satisfaction ratings, it is inferred the importance through statistical techniques). In order to verify the existence of a relationship between the two approaches that would make unnecessary the application of importance questions, we conducted interviews with the bus users in Porto Alegre city, determining the derived and stated importance of the attributes. Analyzes have not demonstrated a direct correspondence between the approaches. However, using an importance versus satisfaction scatterplot, we identified a correspondence between attributes located in the high priority quadrant. Thus, it was possible to establish a qualitative relationship between the stated and derived approaches.


High voltage capacitors are widely used in middle and high voltage laboratories and testing rooms. Capacitors are used for measurement of voltage in the form of voltage dividers. Injection and blocking capacitors are placed in the galvanic systems of partial discharges. And high voltage capacitors are also used in the high voltage as the part of laboratory bridge circuits. Common characteristics of these capacitors are the stability of parameters in time and voltage, low value of PD level. And usage as the capacitor with low value of dissipation factor (tan delta) for bridges. This paper is focused on the description of the parameters of these capacitors, their implementation and the function verification.


Extended Abstract Production of biofuels on fallowed land will benefit farmers and environment without creating any "food versus fuel" crisis [1]. Camelina has potential to be planted in the fallow period in the predominant wheat-fallow (WW-FAL) cropping system in the Northern Great Plains for annual cropping. In a multi-year field study (2008-2015), we evaluated the sustainability of replacing fallow with camelina in WW-FAL rotation with respect to agronomic, economic, and energetic performance [2]. We also examined how to improve the sustainability of camelina production via optimization of agronomic practices. Replacing fallow with camelina resulted in 13.2% reduction in wheat yield, but the annual cropping produced 907 kg ha of camelina seed. WW-CAM also outperformed WW-FAL by 30% greater net energy output and similar energy efficiency. Despite agronomic, energetic, and ecological benefits, economic analysis revealed that at existing market prices and production costs, WW-FAL provides greater net returns to growers due to substantially lower variable costs. We found that there is a good potential to curb production costs of camelina through improving nitrogen fertilization use efficiency and reducing herbicide application. Beside lower production cost, higher grain price (the breakeven of $0.358 kg) and/or greater grain yield are still essential to attract producers to plant camelina. Nevertheless, greater and annually biomass production in WW-CAM system is expected to enhance soil organic matter, higher precipitation use efficiency, and protecting soil against erosion, thus resulting in more agronomic sustainability of the system.


Some advanced technologies for plastic processing were concluded, including virt ual plastic processing technology, knowledge-based plastic processing technolog y, precision plastic processing technology, new plastic processing techniques ba sed on new energy, new medium and different loading mode, and new technology for Die/Mold making. The state-of-the-art, existing problems and trends of vario us advanced technologies were analyzed scientifically, which may function as a g uideline for advancement of plastic processing technology.


ABSTRACT. During a ten‐month period from June 1981 to March 1982 83 patients with Kawasaki syndrome were diagnosed in Finland. The attack rate was 26/100000 children under five years of age, corresponding to an annual attack rate of 31/100000 children under five years. The course of the outbreak suggested geographic spreading. 20 % of the patients had clinical and ECG evidence of carditis, and ECG abnormalities were found in 59 % of the patients. One patient died from a ruptured coronary aneurysm. Neurologic manifestations were seen in 10 % of the patients. This is the first reported outbreak of Kawasaki syndrome outside Japan, Korea and the United States of America.


The publication of an English translation of Joseph Tonda's major work Le Souverain modern: le corps du pouvoir en Afrique centrale (The Modern Sovereign: the body of power in Central Africa) finally makes at least a part of his corpus accessible to anglophone readers. In this review article, we discuss this book in relation to Tonda's three other major titles, thus highlighting how his work continues to pose challenges to African studies and the social sciences in general. Tonda's great merit is to try to understand the difficulties and confusions of living the everyday in African contexts by creatively reinterpreting established notions – older and more recent – from the Western social sciences. Marx, Freud, Bourdieu, Derrida, Spivak, Žižek and the Comaroffs are all present, but they take on new appearances in the surprises of African city life. Thus, Tonda argues that central notions – such as fetishization, symbolic violence, the imaginary, and indeed power itself – need to be overhauled to make them relevant to (Central) Africa. Indeed, his analytic creativity shows that an African reading can breathe new life into social scientific concepts and make them better suited for exploring the future of the West itself. Anglophone readers have had to wait for quite some time to read Tonda. The Modern Sovereign, his only book translated thus far, was originally published in 2005, attracting much attention among francophone audiences. It took the commitment and courage of Naveen Kishore, the creative editor of Seagull Books, and a genial translator like Chris Turner (well known for his translations of Barthes, Sartre, Duras and others) to produce an English translation that does full justice to the vibrancy of Tonda's prose. It is striking that, sixteen years later, the book has lost little of its topicality. In (Central) Africa, the 'body of power', which refers not only to the postcolonial state but also to power relations in general, remains an enigma to most observers – both Africans and outsiders – as it constantly takes unexpected turns, mostly marked by ever more violence. As in his other books, Tonda's intensive experience


The goal of this chapter is to discuss the theoretical history of female crime and the relationship between traditional criminological theory and feminist criminology. First, a description of the characteristics and gender-specific variables of female offenders will be presented. Second, the history of traditional criminological theory and its ability to explain female criminality will be discussed. The chapter will then describe the current state of feminist criminological theory and its different forms. It will then conclude with a discussion of the advancements that have occurred within the field of feminist criminology.


Abstract
The critique of commodity fetichism is part of the critique of what capitalism considers legitimate wealth. Certain attempts to redefine wealth confuse wealth and value as well as use value and exchange value. To go beyond these attempts, it is necessary, on the one hand, to reestablish non commercial production and, on the other hand, to integrate the ecological dimension into a renewed conception of value and wealth. In this way, a value theory based on work is a theory of social relations in which production is organized, and the « value » of nature is seen as more than economic.


In vivo injection of the hamster anti‐murine CD3 monoclonal antibody 145 2C11 into BALB/c mice induces a massive systemic release of several cytokines. Very high circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor are detected both by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and L‐929 bioassay 90 min following a single injection of 10 μg/mouse 145 2C11. Peak circulating levels of exclusively T cell‐derived products such as interferon‐γ, interleukin 2 and interleukin 3 are also detected 90 min to 8 h post‐injection. Importantly, this cytokine release is transient since none of these cytokines are still present 12 to 24 h post‐injection.


We consider two-sided markets in which consumers and firms endogenously determine whether they single-home (patronize only one platform), or multi-home (join competing platforms). While platform competition yields a unique pricing equilibrium there are potentially three distinct equilibrium allocations of consumers and firms. An allocation in which all consumers single-home while firms multi-home always exists (mirroring smartphones). The second allocation has a mix of multi-homing and single-homing on both sides of the market (akin to game consoles). In the third allocation firms single-home and some consumers multi-home (as happens with rideshare services). Competition leads to lower prices and greater market access, but results in cost duplication and disaggregates network effects compared to a monopoly platform. Moreover, cross-subsidization that increases total welfare only takes place in monopoly. Thus, which market structure results in more welfare depends on the interplay of these factors. Lastly, endogenous multi-homing can prevent markets from tipping, even when there are exclusive contracts or a platform has favorable beliefs or is considered focal.


There are many pagoda remains of the Liao and Jin dynasty in the northern area of China. There are two very distinctive ancient pagodas located in the Shimu Town, Haicheng City, Liaoning Province. The "golden pagoda" with large volume was built in the Liao Dynasty; slightly smaller "Silver pagoda" was built in the Jin Dynasty. More simply, the two pagodas are northern solid multi-eaved brick pagoda, the structure are all composed of the pagoda foundation, pagoda body, pagoda eaves three parts. But if we carefully observe them, we will find very big differences between the two.


Was Lucretius a mere translator of Epicurus' philosophy? Or is it possible to identify any thesis actively rethought by the Roman philosopher? The scholars usually interpret the Lucretian philosophy as a simple conceptual transposition. Indeed, it is often intended to compensate the scarcity of the Epicurus' work by replenishing the missing concepts with lucretian ideas. In this paper, however, this assumption will be rejected. The aim is to analyze the lucretian notion of simulacrum , as reception of the Epicurus' eἴδωλον. A few passages of De rerum natura IV and of the "Epistle to Herodotus" will be comparatively analized. It will be argued that the fragments of Epicurus, although short, allow the inference that Lucretius introduced significant innovations in the concept of representation rather than just transposing ideas.


The development of tourism is expected to increase participation and socio-economic conditions of the community around the tourism object. The purpose of this research is to find out how the effect is partial; (1) Development of tourism on community participation, (2) development of tourism on socio-economic conditions, (3) participation on socio-economic conditions of the community, and (4) simultaneous influence of tourism development and community participation on socio-economic conditions of the community around tourism objects. The study was conducted on the natural tourism object of Malino, in Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency by selecting a sample of 100 families as respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire, while the data processing and analysis used the product-moment correlation technique and the coefficient of determination, as well as the t-test significance test. The results of data analysis showed that partially; tourism development has a significant effect on participation and socio-economic conditions of the community, and simultaneously, tourism development and participation have a significant effect on the socio-economic conditions of the community around tourism objects.


This paper aims to investigate whether the financial turbulence, associated with the political instability after the Arab Spring, spread to other stable countries. For this purpose, we have employed a Granger-causality approach to test if there were causal connections between price indices of five Arab stock markets. Our findings suggest that there was evidence on contagion only from Tunisia to Jordan, and from Egypt to (...)


Abstract Modeling and optimization of control processes for compressible fluid flow in pipeline systems are considered. A mathematical model of controlled elements with distributed parameters is proposed to describe the dynamical behavior of a long rigid tube with transported liquid supplied by a control pump. Functions describing effective displacements and linear approximations of fluidic resistances are used to reduce the original initial-boundary value problem to a variational formulation on the basis of the method of integrodifferential relations. Moreover, this approach makes use of a novel finite element technique. Optimal control procedures are derived for changing either the outlet pressure or the mass flow to desired operating points and to damp undesirable elastic oscillations at the end of the control process. A projection approach is implemented on the basis of a modification of the Galerkin method in combination with the semi-discretization of unknown functions over the spatial coordinate. This procedure is applied to reliable numerical modeling of a simple pipeline system and to the design of an efficient control procedure. Numerical results obtained for different system parameters and control objectives are analyzed and discussed.


Recent scandals have brought into question the validity of companies' financial statements and the negligence of auditors in gathering evidence to uncover questionable accounting practices. The public has grown aware of the auditor's role in examining company's financial statements. Investors trust in the veracity of a company's financial statements based on the auditor's report issued upon conclusion of the audit. The purpose of this paper is to review the role of the public auditor and to demonstrate, citing recent cases, some of the problems that arise when the established principles of auditor independence and due diligence are compromised. We also explain the guidelines that auditors are supposed to follow in order to ensure that investors have adequate information. This study is not meant to imply that all auditors deviate from these guidelines but is intended to focus on situations wherein adherence to the guidelines was not the top priority.


Problem The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness, in part, of a petro-chemical plant's pre-apprentice upgrade training program. The null hypothesis to be tested was that employees who were given a basic reading and math improvement pro gram would not score significantly higher on selected modular training tests than employees who were not given training in the program. This hypothesis was broken down into four separate hypotheses— one for each of the modular tests that were compared.


This section contains pseudo-code (Alg. 1) to help clarify the overall training procedure as well as further implementation details on the localizer training included in the WILSON framework. We recall that the localizer, denoted as g, takes as input the features coming from the segmentation encoder e to predict a score for all classes (background, old and new ones) i.e. z = g(e(x)) ∈ IR|Y |×H×W , where Y is the set of classes seen (new and old) at the incremental step t. In the main paper, we described two loss functions (the classification loss lCLS and the localization prior lLOC) that we used to train the localizer. However, for the sake of space, we left to the supplementary material two additional losses.


Text comprehension frequently demands the resolution of no longer plausible interpretations to build an accurate situation model, an ability that might be especially challenging during second language comprehension. Twenty-two native English speakers (L1) and twenty-two highly proficient non-native English speakers (L2) were presented with short narratives in English. Each text required the evaluation and revision of an initial prediction. Eye movements in the text and a comprehension sentence indicated less efficient performance in the L2 than in L1 comprehension, in both inferential evaluation and revision. Interestingly, these effects were determined by individual differences in inhibitory control and linguistic proficiency. Higher inhibitory control reduced the time rereading previous parts of the text (better evaluation) as well as revisiting the text before answering the sentence (better revision) in L2 comprehenders, whereas higher proficiency reduced the time in the sentence when the story was coherent, suggesting better general comprehension in both languages.


The purpose of the research was to determine the extent of gender violence in high school students in the UAGro Acapulco, to contribute to the prevention, care and solution this problem. It is a quantitative study, a survey was applied. The results provide significant data on domestic violence situations that are occurring in the in high schools, the students live harassment and / or sexual harassment and the institution does not address this problem substantially.


Based on the linear vibration theory,the unbalance response of the system is calculated,the results show that the misalignment rotors have a great effect on the unbalance response of the system under both rolling and sliding bearings,the unbalance response occurres mainly in the vicinity of the critical speed and it is very significant at this moment,while at work speed,it is rather smaller.


Contingency planning generates a preventable mechanism to maintain continuity of support for IT field. Several steps are needed in the process of constructing contingency planning to ensure the effectiveness and precise. These steps are organized not separately but logically and systematically. Method of software engineering is available for use. Rational unified process (RUP) is adopted and developed to be a general method and policy.


A Forest resource Usage to meet the demands of human being has an impact on the forest resources. Forest resources are critically declining because of population growth, environmental hazards and poverty in developing countries. The Bale Eco Region in SouthCentral Ethiopia has also experienced massive degradation of natural resources due to their unwise use and population pressure and agricultural livelihood strategies strongly depend on natural resources resulting in decreasing trend of forest coverage. The purpose of the study was to investigate the forest resource utilization constraints and their temporal change in Bale Eco Region, Southeast Ethiopia. Both qualitative and quantitative cross sectional study designs were employed. Data was collected using HH survey, in depth interview, focus group discussion and field observation. Data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were implemented by using SPSS software version 20. Chi-Square test, frequencies and percentage were used to compare differences among variables with respect to the three agro-ecologies and statistical significance was decreased at P ≤ 0.05. Qualitative data was first transcribed to texts in local language then retranslated to English for writing the report. Data analysis was done after categorizing the transcripts. The information obtained from quantitative and qualitative sources were triangulated to ensure the relevance of the results of the study. Based on the finding of the study trends of Forest coverage probability (p=0.00) and Forest Species diversify = (0.00), were significantly difference. Physical, technological and extension services were www.ijcrt.org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 2 February 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2102538 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 4481 among the constraints that are identified to influence forest and other natural resources utilization in the three agro-ecologies of BER. Lack of technology and lack of science based knowledge were among of the critical constraints that reported by majority of the respondents that limit them from utilizing their forest resources. Almost in all agro-ecologies, low and scarcity of rainfall, Agricultural expansion , Illegal settlement, inaccessibility, Unwise utilization lack of water sources Weak laws & regulations enforcement High demand on forest products was the common constraints of. It is recommended that concerned bodies should minimize constraints of responsible forest resource utilizations and temporal forest resources degradation in BER.


Integration of Remote Sensing data and Geographical Information System (GIS) for the exploration of groundwater has become a breakthrough in the field of groundwater, which assists in assessing, monitoring, and conserving groundwater resources. In this study, various groundwater potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in Satna district have been delineated using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Survey of India toposheets and Resourcersat-2 LISS-4 MX November 2017 imageries are used to prepare various thematic layers viz. Lithology, Slope, Land-Use, Structure and Lineament, Drainage, Soil, and Geology were transformed to raster data using feature to raster converter tool in ArcGIS. The raster maps of these factors are allocated a fixed score and weightage computed from remote sensing and GIS techniques. Moreover, each weighted thematic layer are statistically computed to get the groundwater potential zones. The groundwater potential zones thus obtained were divided into five categories, viz., very poor, poor, Moderate, good, and very good zones. The result depicts the groundwater potential zones in the study area and found to be helpful in better planning and management of groundwater resources.


High temperature of flue gas can decrease the efficiency of boiler and power plant.The main factors influencing the temperature of flue gas,such as air leakage into furnace,proper burning in the furnace,the operating mode of coal pulverizating system,the amount of the cold air is analyzed and the corresponding measure is put forward.The operation shows that the temperature of flue gas is reduced by nearly 20 ℃ and the efficiency of boiler rose by 1%.


RECENT POLITICAL DEBATES MAY SUGGEST TO SOME OBSERVERS THAT the right of privacy was cut out of whole cloth, or even more ethereal stuff, by the Warren Court in the 1960s.1 The constitutional right of privacy, which provides protection from government intrusion, may arguably have such a recent pedigree. But the common law right of privacy, which protects against intrusions by other persons, finds its roots in certain cultural and technological developments which occurred during the Victorian age.2 In that period, as in our own, the need for privacy was linked to the ideas of selfhood and personal identity. Cultural historians have recognized that there were subtle and complex transformations in constructions of the self among bourgeois Americans during the late Victorian period. Their work indicates that the change largely concerned the enhanced role of feeling, emotion, or sentiment as aspects of selfhood. This same recognition of the importance of feeling or emotion contributed to the recognition of the legal right of privacy. The modern scholarly literature on the right of privacy includes, for the most part, doctrinal histories and analyses, philosophical analyses, and combinations of the two.3 Scholars have debated whether the tort of invasion of privacy is composed of a number of distinct torts, each protecting a distinct interest, or whether it protects a single, broad interest.4 They have rehashed the debates of the Victorian era over


A phoneme class based speech enhancement algorithm is proposed that is derived from the family of constrained iterative enhancement schemes. The algorithm is a Rover based solution that overcomes three limitations of the iterative scheme. It removes the dependency of the terminating iteration, employs direct phoneme class constraints, and achieves suppression of audible noise. In the Rover scheme, the degraded utterance is partitioned into segments based on class, and class specific constraints are applied on each segment using a hard decision method. To alleviate the effect of hard decision errors, a GMM based maximum likelihood (ML) soft decision method is also introduced. Performance evaluation is done using Itakura-Saito, segSNR, and PESQ metrics for four noise types at two SNRs. It is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms other baseline algorithms like Auto-LSP and log-MMSE for all noise types and levels and achieves a greater degree of consistency in improving quality for most phoneme classes.


The present work measures the impact of explanatory variables for the probability of female labor force participation in the regions of Chile. For which uniequations logit models. Results demonstrate signifi cant differences among regions for analyzed variables. Not labor Income for women and age were the variables that showed an effect of higher dispersion.


Summary: The amount of genomic sequence data being generated and made available through public databases continues to increase at an ever-expanding rate. Downloading, copying, sharing and manipulating these large datasets are becoming difficult and time consuming for researchers. We need to consider using advanced compression techniques as part of a standard data format for genomic data. The inherent structure of genome data allows for more efficient lossless compression than can be obtained through the use of generic compression programs. We apply a series of techniques to James Watson's genome that in combination reduce it to a mere 4MB, small enough to be sent as an email attachment. Availability: Our algorithms are implemented in C++ and are freely available from http://www.ics.uci.edu/ ∼ xhx/project/DNAzip. Supplementary information: Supplementary data available at Bioinformatics online.


Copro-necrophagous beetles were collected in natural field and forest areas utilizing pitfall traps baited with cattle dung and bovine liver in decomposition, during October of 2007, in Bage, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The most frequent species were Canthon rutilans (131 individuals) and Ateuchus robustus (39 individuals). The greater number of species and individuals was collected in the forest area. However, the field area presented larger diversity index than the forest area. The ecosystem type has a pronounced effect on the assemblage composition of the Scarabaeidae. Eurysternus navajasi is a new specie registered in Bage.


A new model for the turbulent heat fluxes, the Elliptic-Blending Algebraic Flux Model (EB-AFM), as well as a simplified version, the EB-GGDH, are proposed, in order to incorporate the nonlocal blocking effect of the wall. They are successfully tested in four different 1D cases, ranging from natural to forced convection.


I recently participated in a dialogue on the role of multicultural education in the math and science classroom. Previously, I have participated in, and facilitated, dozens of similar dialogues. But this particular dialogue was different and considerably more fruitful than any I have been privileged to experience before. I could not see the other participants, but I knew there were nearly 400 of them, diverse in race, gender, religion, age, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, educational level, socioeconomic class, ability status, introvertedness or extrovertedness, political affiliation, and every other identity dimension. We were school administrators, students, professors, activists, teachers, librarians, parents, day care providers, corporate heads, researchers, writers, and combinations of these. Many were strong advocates for multicultural education, though we clearly did not all agree on its definition or what it looked like in practice. Some argued strongly against multicultural education and its ideals. Some were undecided. The dialogue stretched over several days. As participants came and went, several different strands of the conversation emerged until four or five different dialogues about multicultural education in the math and science classroom were happening simultaneously. One strand focused on pedagogy. Another became a collaborative sharing of resources and suggested reading lists. Several factors made this dialogue dynamically different from others in which I had participated: (a) the diversity of the participants; (b) the combinations of interests and perspectives informed by theory, philosophy, practical experience, and mixtures of these; (c) the flexibility of time and space, allowing participants to enter and exit the dialogue without disturbing its flow; and (d) the free emergence and expansion into several different strands of conversation on a single topic, with each participant maintaining the possibility of participating in every strand, any single strand, or no strand at all. A single factor made the dialogue functionally different from others and set the context for its unique dynamics. It was taking place online, via electronic mail, through MCPAVILION, an e-mail discussion group (also known as a listserver or a mailing list). The purpose of this article is to explore e-mail discussion groups, including MCPAVILION, as collaborative forums for dialogues on multicultural education and other topics and issues. Following a short examination of the nature of e-mail discussion group dialogues, several facilitators of current related groups


It discusses that urban configuration is space form which composing urban development, this change is result due to inside and outside conflict of city, and analyzes city is dynamic form from different productivity、different economic structure and life form of people.


The natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites were fabricated by filling ionic liquid (1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride, AMI) modified nano-silica (nSiO2) in NR matrix through mechanical mixing and followed by a cure process. Based on the measurements of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, it was proved that AMI could interact with nSiO2 through hydrogen bonds. With the increase of AMI content, the curing rate of nSiO2/NR increased. The results of bound rubber and dynamic mechanical properties showed that polymer–filler interaction increased with the modification of nSiO2. Morphology studies revealed that modification of nSiO2 resulted in a homogenous dispersion of nSiO2 in NR matrix. AMI modified nSiO2 could greatly enhance the tensile strength and tear strength of nSiO2/NR nanocomposites. Compared to unmodified nSiO2/NR nanocomposite, the tensile strength of AMI modified nSiO2/NR nanocomposite increased by 102%. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 134, 44478.


This paper presents the multi-mode control strategy and power management for a novel three-port DC-DC converter (TPC) for photovoltaic (PV) electric vehicles. The TPC consists of a PV module, a battery, a boost converter, two single ended primary inductor converters (SEPIC) and a load. It achieves maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of PV module. It has the advantages of charge-discharge control of battery, voltage control of load and any two ports can realize power flow. According to the PV module power and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery, the TPC can be judged to operate in which working mode, so as to realize the continuous and stable power supply to the load. In this paper, the TPC was simulated by Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). And the simulation results proved the feasibility of the proposed TPC.


, ! (&/ 5& / = &!1 1 &! Data cumulating over the past few weeks suggest that there has certainly been some improvement in the rate of economic growth, as compared to the rate of 0.1 per cent identified in the first quarter of this year. We expect the acceleration to continue in the second half of this year, although the recent increase in sterling's value has had some dampening effect on growth prospects.


Co-current upwards gas-particle flow in a square duct was studied using large-eddy simulations.The simulations predicted turbulence driven secondary flow in square duct cross section.The predicted statistically averaged gas velocities also agreed well with direct numerical simulation data.The secondary gas flow dispersed the particles in the lateral direction.Lateral dispersion of particles into four representative regions at the entrance of the square duct was investigated.The results show that particles in the center of the square duct undergo little dispersion.However,particles near the walls tended to move towards the nearest wall.The averaged velocity towards the wall increased as the particle diameter decreased.As a result of this flow towards the walls,the particles tend to concentrate near the walls and the corners.


In this new edition the authors show students how to read critically and how to write using critical techniques. This book is a 'must-have' resource for postgraduate students and early-career academics. It has been expanded and updated to include:

- A range of examples encompassing disciplinary areas including linguistics, education, business and management

- Commentaries on using e-resources and features of e-research

- New and additional material available online including access to journal articles

This book is for postgraduate students, methods course tutors and researchers.


The relationship between a galaxy's properties and its circumgalactic medium (CGM) provides a unique view of how galaxies evolve. We present an interesting edge-on (i=86 degrees) disk galaxy (G1547) where the CGM is probed by a background quasar at a distance of 84 kpc and within 10 degrees of the galaxy major axis. G1547 does not have any detectable CGM absorption down to stringent limits, covering HI (EW$_r$ -11$ have HI absorption. We conclude that SSFR is a good indicator of the presence of HI CGM. Interestingly however, G1547 is the only galaxy with log(SSFR/yr$^{-1})>-11$ that has no detectable CGM. Given the properties of G1547, and its absent CGM, it is plausible that G1547 is undergoing quenching due to a lack of accreting fuel for star-formation, with an estimated quenching timescale of $4\pm1$ Gyr. G1547 provides a unique perspective into the external mechanisms that could explain the migration of galaxies into the green valley.


Flood has huge impact on society,economy as well as environment. Extracting the flood-inundated area is an essential work for disaster management. Remote sensing technique,especially,Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) is a valuable tool in assessing damage of flood with its ability to acquire images in bad weather conditions and night,and with high resolution. Sentinel-1A,being as the first satellite in ESA's Copernicus Programme for monitoring environment,is great meaningful. But there was no any literature in China about useing of Sentinel-1 data. This study used the SAR data from Sentinel-1A before and during the flood in Sri Lanka,with threshold method and RGB band combination,extracted the flood-inundated area fast and effectively,which could be a reference for future study to use of Sentinel-1 data in flood impact assessment.


In the process of teaching language the most important task is to know the peculiarities of interconnection of words. And one of the effective factors of learning and teaching Uzbek as a second language is to conduct specific research on interconnection and interrelation features of words and to compose special dictionaries of the Uzbek language for Russian-speaking students. Meanwhile, the issue of interconnection and interrelation peculiarities of words has been investigated not only by many linguists but by some psychologists as well.One of those prominent psychological scientists is N.I.Jinkinn. According to him, the integration of speech units is divided into two phases. He also relates "the grammar field" with the second phase of speech-unitintegration. Furthermore, he points out that in the first phase of this process, words and word forms are spread out in the "speech field". In the second phase a speaker selects the necessary words for the primary explanation of the idea,which is followed by the correct grammar form, and then collocates with a suitable word [1,45]. For instance, according to N.I.Jinkinn,a noun, an adjective and an adverb do not usually collocate with other words. They are called as lexics, which are spread in the "vocabulary field" but divided into characteristic groups.

Keywords: Uzbek language, dictionaries, interrelation, second language, interconnection


Our aim was to present a case who underwent cochlear implantation due bilateral total deafness resulted from mumps. A thirty- four-month- old girl was admitted to our clinic by her parents with the complaint of sudden deafness. Comprehensive audiologic examination showed bilateral total hearing loss. The physical examination, family history and serological tests suggested the diagnosis of deafness due to asymptomatic mumps infection. The child was implanted with a Nucleus CI 24 device after 6.5 months of deafness with a successful outcome. Last visit was conducted on 21st month after surgery. Average tone thresholds was 30 dB, and the child was using oral communication and made 3-word sentences at that time. Patients suffering from bilateral mumps deafness and unresponsive to medical treatment should be candidates for cochlear implantation, and surgery should be performed as early as possible once diagnosis is established.


e Roman camp from Mehadia has been systematically researched in several moments over the last hundred years. However, the internal plan of the fortification could not be established precisely due to the many late interventions that the Romans undertook in the area, but also as a result of serious floods caused by overflow of the Bolvaşniţa River and Belareca River, fast mountain waters which affected the integrity of the site. Doina Benea, who established the last chronology of the fortification at Mehadia, considers that the last users of the camp perimeter were the limitanei (peasant soldiers) from the Constantinian period of the Roman Army, conclusions based on some discoveries in the area of the gates that indicated architectural changes of the towers and entrance. However, the 18th-century Habsburg cartographic sources give us indications that during the Austro-Turkish confrontations this castellum with visible vallum system and defense ditch was used, leaving even material traces that archaeologists did not recognize or that did not take them into account.


Due to research failure,the government abandoned "two-child" policy,and instead to consider the policy of two-child for parents that one of them is from one-child family.Similarly,due to research failure,the government worried of the huge increase of new births and fertility when implementing the policy of two-child for parents that one of them is from onechild family.When the reality proved that the previous judgment by the government was obviously wrong,the government was reluctant to admit.It means that implementing the policy of twochild for parents that one of them is from one-child family is wrong,and it led the two-child policy considerably delayed.


The concept of research was based on the selection of several representations, which later were correlated by means of classic, and neural methods. In the course of research, classic methods of image matching were tested and compared with neural methods that originated in the course of research. Additionally, experiments consisting in manual measurements, performed by independent observers, were conducted. The essence of methodology that was based on neural networks consisted in the preparation of suitable representations of image fragments and using them for the classification of various types of neural networks. One of the assumed methods was based on the distribution of image gradient module value and of its direction. The usability of that representation for the selection of sub-images was tested by means of SOM Kohonen neural network. Another method consisted in the utilization of the log-polar and log-Hough transforms, which are considered to be simplified models of preliminary image processing, performed by visual systems of people and animals. The usability of that representation was tested by means of the backpropagation type of neural network. As regards the generation of the third representation, the ICM (Intersecting Cortical Model) network was applied, which is one of the versions of the PCNN (Pulse Coupled Neural Network). Using that network, the so-called image signatures, or vectors composed of tens of elements which describe the image structure, were generated. * Corresponding author.


To the Editor.—
 The provocative study by Field et al (Pediatrics 1986;77:654-658) attributes a 47% increase in rate of weight gain to tactile/kinesthetic stimulation of preterm infants, but the reader is presented with a number of perplexing problems in interpretation. We are unable to understand the randomization process, which was achieved after a stratification exercise designed to divide patients into eight poststratification groups. If these were equal in size, then each group must have contained five patients, an odd number.


This paper deals with the effect of Tween 80 and ergosterol supplementation to the 24oPt wort with 30% maltose syrup adjunct on the fermentation performance of the immobilized yeast in calcium alginate gel. The higher the content of supplements in the wort, the higher the yeast growth, the sugar and free amino nitrogen consumption rates and the ethanol production rate but the lower the ethanol content in the green beer. The star distance of central composite circumscribed design was used to study the influence of Tween 80 and ergosterol on the ethanol concentration in the green beer. The optimal content of Tween 80 and ergosterol supplemented to the wort were 0.3%v/v and 18mg/L, respectively. In these conditions, the primary fermentation time reduced 22.2% and the ethanol concentration in the green beer was similar in comparision with those of the control sample.


Aim. To analyze the literary and own data about clopidogrel influence on platelets during inflammation and to reveal particularities of its usage in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with active inflammation. Material and methods. The platelet morphology and a number of leukocyte-platelet aggregates (LTA) were investigated with scanning electron microscopy in 110 patients with stable angina pectoris of I-III functional class and 18 healthy volunteers. Spontaneous and ADP-induced platelet aggregation were assessed with laser aggregatometre manufactured by LLC "BIOLA". Mean platelet volume (MPV) was estimated with the hematological analyzer . All investigations were performed in IHD patients before and after 2 months of clopidogrel treatment 75 mg a day. Results. IHD patients demonstrated appearance of LTA and big reticular platelets in the blood, increase in MPV and spontaneous aggregation. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was rarely increased probably due to acetylsalicylic acid therapy in all IHD patients. These platelet activity changes are connected with increased risk of thrombotic events and correlated with inflammation markers levels. After 2 months of clopidogrel treatment LTA number reduced in 4 times and big reticular platelets number decreased in 2.5 times as well as MPV and spontaneous aggregation achieved the normal ranges. Conclusion. Clopidogrel has not only antithrombotic effect but also can diminish platelets morphological and functional changes connected with inflammation.


In this paper, guidance law (GL) and autopilot system, the decision parts of an airframe, are discussed, and specially, the intercepting missiles are the plants considered. For a non-aerodynamically maneuvering airframe, a wingless structure based on thrust vector control (TVC) and divert control system (DCS) is used. To design a robust autopilot system, the sliding mode theory is applied. Besides, two new missile GLs are presented, which utilize the optimal control theory, inverse dynamics technique, and Lyapunov analysis. In addition, stability of the integrated guidance/autopilot (G/A) system and the design methodology of the system parameters are discussed. Finally, various simulations including aerodynamic model are demonstrated to examine the feasibility and performance of the missile's integrated G/A systems.


The invention discloses an oil cylinder driving lifting mechanism and a dynamic compactor. The oil cylinder driving lifting mechanism comprises a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley block, a lifting rope, a driving oil cylinder and an automatic connection device, wherein a first end of the driving oil cylinder is connected with a vehicle body of the dynamic compactor; a second end of the driving oil cylinder is connected with the movable pulley block in a removable manner; and when the second end of the driving oil cylinder moves to a connection position from a disconnection position, the automatic connection device is disconnected from the second end of the driving oil cylinder and is connected with the movable pulley block. After the movable pulley block is driven to a set position which corresponds to the disconnection position, the driving oil cylinder can be connected with the movable pulley block in the removable manner, and a pounder is released to perform tamping. Tamping energy loss caused by the driving oil cylinder is avoided.


Purpose: The role of vitamin D in coronary artery disease is under question recently. We study the diagnostic and prognostic significance of vitamin D status in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Methods: In this cohort study we included 252 CAD patients (mean aged 62±11 years) followed-up for 3 to 36 (median 15) months. The extent of CAD (1 vessel disease (1VD), 2VD and 3VD) was determined by coronary angiography and severity of CAD was evaluated by Gensini score. Measures for vitamin D were performed using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry technology. Subjects with vitamin D levels above and below 30ng/ml were characterized as having sufficiency and deficiency respectively. The primary end point was the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, cardiovascular events and hospitalization for cardiovascular causes.

Results: From the study population 222 (88%) were categorized as having vitamin D deficiency and 30 subjects as having vitamin D sufficiency (12%). There was no difference between subjects with deficiency and sufficiency in baseline characteristics. There was no association of Vitamin D levels with Gensini score (rho=0.06, p=0.36) and with the extent of CAD [17.75 (11.37-23.53) vs. 18.40 (13.65-23.53) vs. 16.90 (12.97-26.50) ng/ml, p=0.96, for 1VD, 2VD and 3VD respectively]. During the follow up period the primary end point occurred in 24% of the subjects with vitamin D deficiency and in 7% of the subjects with vitamin D sufficiency. Cox-regression analysis after adjustment for multiple confounders such as age, gender, creatinine clearance, gensini score, the presence of dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking habits and obesity revealed that subjects with vitamin D deficiency have seven times increased hazard (HR=7.24, p=0.05) for the occurrence of primary end point compared to subjects with vitamin D sufficiency.

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in CAD patients. Importantly, vitamin D deficiency is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcome in this high risk population a finding that must be further evaluated by interventional studies.


Amorphous SiO_x(0≤x≤20)films were deposited at 300℃ by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD)using SiH_4-O_2 mixtures.The properties of infrared (IR) absorption for Si—O—Si bonds have been investigated.Two characteristic absorption peaks at around 1050 and 1150cm -1 arise from Si—O—Si stretching mode,and one absorption peak at around 800cm -1 from Si—O—Si bending mode.It is found that I_ sum/N_ Si ratio,of the sum of the absorption intensities for both 1000 and 1150cm -1 bands to the density of Si atoms increases linearly with x when x increasing from 0 to 20.The proportionality coefficient A_ SiO(inverse of the oscillator strength) of the Si—O—Si stretching mode is obtained to be 148×10 19cm -2.On the other hand,the apparent absorbance α_ app,in a-SiO_2 films is found linear with the increasing film thickness d as α_ app=kd,for both 800cm -1 and 1050cm -1 bands.The proportionality coefficients k for 800 and 1050cm -1 bands are obtained to be 32×103 and 29×104cm -1.By comparison with the values of k reported in other papers,it indicates that k value is closely related to the film density.With the values of A_ SiO and k above-mentroned,the O content in a-SiO_x∶H and film thickness for a-SiO_2 can be determined nondestructively using IR absorption techniques


The purpose of this study is to show how the current economic crisis in Greece has affected the areas of HR management practices: 1) reward systems, 2) training and development, 3) recruiting and selection, 4) performance appraisal. The case of Greece is unique because after several years of economic growth, Greece faces now the consequences of a severe economic crisis. The study is a qualitative study. It is formed with interviews. The interviews are from four Human Resource Managers and one General Manager.


© 2018 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved. Simple models of vortex sound, considering the motion of a line vortex past an object, have been used to determine the far-field noise due to an idealised hydrodynamic disturbance, modelling, for example, instabilities within a turbulent boundary layer. Extensions of such models to investigate devices designed for control of trailing-edge noise, both passively and actively, are proposed. This simple mathematical framework potentially gives insight into the mechanism behind experimentally observed reductions in far-field noise.


: Under the current social background, cancer patients'needs, legal awareness, and awareness of rights protection are more intense, which will be a more significant test for nurses in cancer-specialized hospitals. To investigate nurses' knowledge of health law in tumor hospitals to analyze the reasons, take corresponding measures to arouse attention, and improve nurses' awareness of prevention; this descriptive study was designed to determine nurse knowledge and cognition of health law in tumor hospitals. The research used 358 nurses who had worked for over a year in a tertiary tumor hospital in October 2021. A self-designed questionnaire collected the data evaluated by the SPSS 20 data analysis program. According to 358 valid questionnaires collected, the overall cognition level of nurses in tumor hospitals was low; the lowest score was 30, the highest score was 95, and the average score was 66.50±14.59. The degree of health law knowledge was directly proportional to nurses' degree and professional title (P<0.05). The overall health law knowledge of nurses in tumor hospitals is lacking, and the standardized training of health law knowledge of nurses should be strengthened. There were statistical differences in cognition scores of health law among nurses with different educational backgrounds, length of service, and departments. (P<0.05).


A control method for the robust synchronization of a class of chaotic systems with unknown time delay, unknown uncertainty, and unknown disturbance is presented. The robust controller was designed using a nonlinear fractional order PID sliding surface. The Lyapunov method was used to determine the update laws, prove the stability of the proposed mechanism, and guarantee the convergence of the synchronization errors to zero. The simulation was performed using MATLAB software to evaluate the performance of the proposed mechanism, and the results showed that it was efficient. Finally, the proposed method was combined with a secure communication application to encrypt images, and the results obtained were favorable regarding the standard criteria of correlation, NPCR, PSNR, and information entropy.


Measuring Student Learning in Art Education In this article, I explore the idea of measuring student learning in art education and endorse a method of assessment for use by art educators. My interest in assessment began early in my teaching career. I became aware then that there was a lack of emphasis among art educators toward assessment. For many of them, the idea of assigning grades to children's artworks presented an ideological dilemma. They viewed assessment as subordinate to the significance of children's creative experiences. But students do learn while creating and that learning can be measured.


Seasonal oceanographic cruises were conducted in the waters of the Changjiang Estuary(28°00′~32°00′N and 122°00′~123°30′E) from 2002 to 2003.Based on the data from the investigation,the seasonal distribution and abundance of pelagic Amphipoda in the Changjiang Estuary were dicussed through aqualitative and quantitative method.The relationship of pelagic Amphipoda abundance with the fish ground,the abundance variation of dominant species and thier contribution to pelagic Amphipoda abundance were all considered.It was found that the seasonal Amphipoda abundance was influenced by the seasonal surface temperature.Moreover,the horizontal distribution of its abundance was influenced by the surface salinity in the waters of the estuary.The abundance was the highest(2.75ind./m3) in summer and the lowest(0.10ind./m3) in winter.Of the 49 species identified,Monoculodes limnophilus and Lestrigonus schizogeneios were the mostly dominant species.Monoculodes limnophilus was dominant species in four seasons;it was the main dominant specie in spring,summer and autumn affected by the characteristics relatively low temperature warm adaptation.compared with Lestrigonus schizogeneios who was dominant specie just in spring summer and autumn.The contribution of Lestrigonus schizogeneios to Amphipoda abundance was 0.87,higher than Monoculodes limnophilus in summer attributed to tropical water adaptation.There was a significant correlation between abundance and the surface temperature,and was no significant correlation with surface salinity.As an important diet of fish in the Changjiang Estuary,the Amphipoda distribution is important in the fishing ground there.


Abstract This article discusses the effect of heat and mass transfer in a boundary layer flow in the presence of a magnetic field of an electrically conducting and viscous fluid as it passes through a porous medium containing a heat source and a chemical reaction. By employing similarity variables, the governing equations are changed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs). To solve the obtained equations numerically the Keller box method is used. Numerical and graphical representations of the results of different parameter values governing the flow system are given. The non-dimensional distributions of velocity, heat, and concentration are depicted graphically, while the Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and skin friction are determined numerically.


There are 23 genera with 51 species and 7 varieties of Boraginaceae in Loess plteau from China.In this paper,their names,distributions,habitats and uses are reported.


The author simulates numerically, with the help of a selfcomposed program, the densification process of coal dust caused by deviated secondary air flow and analyses the mechanism of its formation.


Liver is the largest gland in the body and rarely shows variations in its lobes and fissures. We studied 55 Formalinfixed livers for occurrence of abnormal shape, lobes, fissures and position of gall bladder. In 60% of cases the liver was normal. 40% livers showed one or the other variations. Additional lobes were found in 9.09% of cases. Additional fissure was found in 1.81% of cases.
Presence of dumbbell shaped caudate lobe and presence of large papillary process was noted in 1.81% cases each. In 1.81% cases the fissure for ligamentum teres was absent or situated on the anterior surface of the liver. In 1.81% of cases each the liver was either extremely long or extremely flat. In 18.18% of the cases, the gall bladder was short and its fundus did not project beyond the inferior border of the liver. These findings may be useful for surgeons and radiologists.


Medulloblastomas are common midline posterior fossa tumors in children, accounting for almost 30% of all pediatric brain tumors. In adults these tumors occur in the cerebellar hemisphere. Medulloblastomas occurring bilaterally in an adult patient is very rare. Present article includes a case report of one such patient. Relevant literature is also reviewed.


'Doing the Right Thing – Ethical Issues in Logistics and Supply Chain' was the theme of the 2016 LRN conference. In developing this theme, we wanted to find something meaningful for participants to...


Deposit of Fe, Ni-silicate in Gllavica in terms of geographical position is located 20 km south-west of Prishtina in the south east near Ultrabasic Massif of Golesh. The essence of the study is (3D) modeling of structures, textures of ore bodies and deposit in entirety by organizing database system during the research process on iron and nickel in Gllavica deposit in 2007. Potential of research is the geological system automation and organization of database of Fe, Ni deposit in Gllavica, through which 3D geological models are textured: litholo-strata-graphic structures deposit, ore bodies structures composed of ore bodies elements, the position of Ni distribution, in relation to spatial position of deposit, which in the end resulted in the conclusions on the factors that led to the formation of Ni-silicate deposit in Gllavica and other geological factors in the formation of the crust breaking. (3D) modeling structure in perspective of the field of research has shed light on the spatial position of the ore body on Fe and Ni, breaking crust spatial position in relation to the Golesh massif giving potential directions of continuity of the ore zone related to the breaking crust.


Molecular genetic studies on alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase: individual variation, gene mapping and analysis of regulation Molecular genetics of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes The microsomal ethanol oxidizing system: its role in ethanol and xenobiotic metabolism The interrelationships of alcohol dehydrogenase and the aldehyde dehydrogenases in the metabolism of ethanol in liver Metabolic effects of acetaldehyde Ethanol and glucose disposal in the rat Clinical and experimental skeletal muscle alcoholic myoWhat factors control hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation in Effects of alcohol on tryptophan metabolism Colloquium: The Glycoconjugates of Mammalian Parasites The glycoconjugates of mammalian parasites with particular Proposal for a function of the Leishmania donovani lipoRegulation of variant surface glycoprotein synthesis in Schistosome glycoconjugates as antigens and their relevance The glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Synthesis of dolichol derivatives and protein glycosylation in Glycosylphosphatidylinositol: an anchor for eukaryotic pathy alcohol abuse?


Success of Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFISs) strongly depends on the accurate detection of a reference point on the fingerprints. In this paper we suggest a novel approach for detecting a reference point. First approximate location of singular point(s) is determined by using orientation field and edge detection algorithms. Then to find accurate location of these points, a new secondary filter is introduced. By combining these items the reference point will be obtained. This method is of high accuracy and performance and at the meantime tolerates orientation and translation of the input fingerprint. This can be applied to all classes of fingerprints especially to problematic arch class ones.


At present, China has a large number of ancient buildings, and correspondingly, it also faces many problems. Staff of different professions have inconsistent perceptions of ancient buildings, resulting in inability to interact with information. In addition, the ancient architecture case did not carry out efficient reuse of knowledge. Therefore, this article applies ontology to the field of ancient architecture, and proposes the knowledge expression of ancient architecture based on ontology. And SWRL is used to describe the ancient building rules. Secondly, through the application of case-reasoning technology, the reuse of case knowledge of ancient architecture is realized. Ontology-based case representation can provide a unified definition of ancient building knowledge for different participants and lay the foundation for information interaction. Case-based reasoning provides an implementation method for knowledge reuse of ancient building damage cases.


this study examined the relationship of perceived attributes of food storage to the degree of adoption of food storage practices subjects were 46 active adult members of the LDS church in guatemala responses of respondents to attitude questions using five point scales were combined into 5 composite perceived attribute scores to measure perception of attributes of food storage actual food stored by the respondent and family size were analyzed to calculate eight behavior scores measuring adoption of food storage practices results indicated that two perceived attributes trialability and l complexity were significantly correlated with a majority of the behavior scores trialability Tri was l positively correlated and complexity was negatively correlated observability was positively correlated with 2 behavior scores at the .05 0 level no relationship was found between relative advantage and compatibility and the behavior scores years of membership in the LDS church urc o was positively correlated with some perceptions of food storage and some behavior scores sex was found to influence some perceptions of food storage but to have no influence on behavior scores COMMITTEE APPROVAL homam mo C 42 argaretr t sjgn committee chairman rc ruth E brasher committee member Vn fo a lora beth a so committee 66itte member si Z ruth 6a E brasher department partmen apart chairman h


BackgroundWe examined core assets of collective identity for enhanced psychological well-being among hardly investigated Slovene ethnic minority and Italian majority youth in Italy. The Slovene min ...


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is ranked 27th cause of death in the world in 1990 and increased 18th in 2010. The results of Riskesdas in 2013 showed the prevalence of CKD in Indonesia by 0.2% or 2 per 1000 population. A long history of hypertension and kidney stones can cause a decrease in kidney function, patients with chronic renal failure who are still working have a level of fatigue that can trigger stress. Working conditions outdoors in hot temperatures can result in dehydration. The severity of patients with chronic kidney failure can be influenced by hypertension, kidney stones and work. Objective: To analyze risk factors for the severity of chronic kidney failure that undergo hemodialysis at Ulin Regional Hospital in South Kalimantan. Method: An observational analytic study with a cross sectional study design. A sample of 65 patients using simple random sampling. The research instrument used patient medical record data. Data analysis with descriptive and statistical namely chi square and multiple logistic regression. Results: Patients who also suffered from hypertension had a greater risk for end-stage CKD (p = 0.010). Patients who also suffered from kidney stones had a greater risk for end-stage CKD (p = 0.034). Kidney failure patients who are still working have a risk of CRF (p = 0.011). Analysis using multiple logistic regression showed hypertension variables (p = 0.010; Exp.B = 7.236), kidney stones (p = 0.034; Exp.B = 5.221), and occupation (p = 0.011; Exp.B = 5.424) with a level of confidence 95%. Conclusion: There is a relationship between hypertension, kidney stones, and occupation with the severity of chronic kidney failure, with the most dominant variable hypertension among the three variables.


360° omnidirectional images have gained research attention due to their immersive and interactive experience, particularly in AR/VR applications. However, they suffer from lower angular resolution due to being captured by fisheye lenses with the same sensor size for capturing planar images. To solve the above issues, we propose a two-stage framework for 360° omnidirectional image super-resolution. The first stage employs two branches: model A, which incorporates omnidirectional position-aware deformable blocks (OPDB) and Fourier upsampling, and model B, which adds a spatial frequency fusion module (SFF) to model A. Model A aims to enhance the feature extraction ability of 360° image positional information, while Model B further focuses on the high-frequency information of 360° images. The second stage performs same-resolution enhancement based on the structure of model A with a pixel unshuffle operation. In addition, we collected data from YouTube to improve the fitting ability of the transformer, and created pseudo low-resolution images using a degradation network. Our proposed method achieves superior performance and wins the NTIRE 2023 challenge of 360° omnidirectional image super-resolution.


This work addresses off-line accurate trajectory reconstruction for air traffic control. We propose the use of specific dynamic models after identification of regular motion patterns. Datasets recorded from opportunity traffic are first segmented in motion segments, based on the mode probabilities of an IMM filter. Then, reconstruction is applied with an optimal smoothing filter operating forward and backward. The parameters describing the specific modes are estimated and then used as external input for smoothing filters. The performance of this approach is compared with a method based on interpolation B-splines. Comparative results on simulated and real data are discussed at the end.


The scaling approach is employed to construct the phase diagram of a polyelectrolyte brush with charges on the free ends of grafted chains. It is shown that the phase diagram under consideration almost coincides with that of a brush formed by chains with distributed charges. The role of distribution of the free ends along the brush height is discussed.


The current distribution required for maximum directivity of an array with a finite number of elements and any specified geometrical configuration is shown to be completely defined by the self- and mutual resistances of the elements and by a certain component of the voltage (the "resistance voltage") across the terminals of each element. This voltage component is required to vary from element to element in the same way as the instantaneous local values of a sinusoidal disturbance travelling across the array, in the direction under consideration, with the velocity of an electromagnetic wave.As a consequence, the maximum gain of the array is expressible either as a double sum containing only the mutual conductances between the individual elements multiplied by trigonometrical factors depending on their spacing, or as an expression identical (except for a numerical factor) with that for the distant field of the array.These theorems hold, slightly modified, for arrays of non-identical elements.The theory has been applied to the numerical calculation of certain simple arrays. It appears that, for arrays of a given size, directivities greater than those obtained by conventional design methods can be achieved without excessive losses.This has been substantially confirmed by an experimental array of four elements operating at 75 Mc/s. The theoretical gain was 10.1 db, while 8.7 db was measured. Of the discrepancy, 0.6 db was calculated to be due to losses in the feeder system and a further 0.2 db to losses in the dipoles. The bandwidth was about ±½ Mc/s for a drop in gain off ½ db. The degree of super-directivity is indicated by the fact that a physically identical array fed with equal-amplitude currents phased for maximum field strength in the end-fire direction would have a gain of 4.6 db.


The equipment of membrane-sterilization was used in the research of tea drinks to meet the requirement of industrialized production.The results showed that the commercial asepsis of tea drinks could be achieved with the equipment in industrialized production.Some tea polyphenols were lost,but the influence on amino acids and caffeine was weak.The flavour characteristics of tea drinks could be maintained by retaining most quality components in them.


Bioelectrical impedance analysis is an easy technique to evaluate the changes in the body composition. In BIA a small amount of electric current is passed through the body and from electrical properties of human body, Biological values or quantities are calculated, Human body behaves like electric circuit, it acts like RC series and parallel circuit. Here in this review paper these circuits are discussed and then try to implement them on human body to find the composition of human body. The science of this technique is presented that may be helpful for further research in this field... From BIA Phase angle is calculated. Phase angle is very important in clinical research and it can be used as an indicator of health. Role of Phase angle in different disease like cancer and HIV, and its application to monitor and evaluate the patient condition and its role as a prognostic indicator is discussed in this review article using the studies of different researchers. Phase angle can be used as survival indicator in advance cancer patient and HIV. Phase angle can be used to monitor the malnutrition in patient of HIV.Keywords: Phase angle, Prognostic indicator, Cancer and HIV, body composition


Baggage Handling System(BHS) is an important element of ground operation services and the importance is further emphasized as air demand increases and passengers change. If there is a problem with departure baggage handling, the aircraft's gate occupancy time will be longer than the initial plan, resulting in congestion of the anchorage leading to final passenger terminal and mooring and road congestion and arrival or It is delayed until the processing of the baggage of the connecting flight and it can cause an economic loss such as confusion in the operation of the airport. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the perception of service quality of BHS users on public Institutions performance through user satisfaction, user performance, and user loyalty. Analysis results using Structural Equation Model was suggested and its implication was discussed in the conclusion Words


A method of operating a retail terminal having a display monitor includes the step of generating an item-entered con trol signal when an item for purchase of a customer is entered into the retail terminal by retail personnel. The method also includes the step of retrieving retail history information associated with the customer from a customer profile database. The method further includes the step of displaying item information associated with the item for pur chase on a first portion of the display monitor in response to generation of the item-entered control signal. Moreover, the method includes the step of displaying a customer-specific retail message based on the retail history information on a second portion of the display monitor. The step of displaying the customer-specific retail message is performed contempo raneously with the step of displaying the item information associated with the item for purchase. A retail terminal is also disclosed.


It is established that in addition to the well-documented α and β losses in viscous fluids, there exists a third (γ) process at THz frequencies (far infrared, or submillimetre) which is necessary for the overall time-correlation function of the dipole moment to be well-behaved at short times. The β and γ peaks of the zero-THz loss profile survive in the glassy state as remnants of the microwave and Poley absorptions observable in the liquid at ambient temperature. In order to probe the glassy environment in non-dipolar solvents such as decalin, the behaviour of the following solutes is monitored: dichloromethane (10 % v/v); dibromomethane (3 % v/v); tetrahydrofuran (10 % v/v); toluene (20 % v/v); chloroform (10 % v/v); fluoro-, chloro-, and bromo-benzene (10 % v/v). Some of these solutes are used as probes also into the weakly dipolar glassy environment of o-terphenyl and (10 % pyridine + 90 % toluene). The zero-THz absorption profiles of the solutes display a variety of behaviour above and below the glass transition temperature. For example, CH2Cl2+ decalin has a very pronounced β process in the viscous liquid which is absent from CH2Br2+ decalin. The β process gradually disappears across the halogenobenzene + decalin series from fluoro- to bromo-.The behaviour of the β and γ peaks for asymmetric, planar and intermediate solutes (e.g., CH2Cl2, halogenobenzene and tetrahydrofuran) in dilute solution in glassy decalin, for example, confirm that they are different expressions of the same overall dynamical evolution. For CH2Cl2+ decalin solid solutions the β peak moves very rapidly to high frequencies with increasing temperature. The associated Arrhenius activation enthalpy (ΔHβ) is thus extremely high compared with those of the larger molecules studied in the glass by Johari et al. and by Williams et al. There is a correspondingly dramatic shift in the THz(γ) peak to higher frequencies from its value in the liquid solution at 298 K to that in the glass at 107 K. In tetrahydrofuran + decalin glass ΔHβ is low and the shift in the γ peak much smaller. The same is true for the halogenobenzene + decalin glasses where present data for the β process are in excellent agreement with those of Johari et al., where available.A crude but tractable model capable of reproducing both β and γ processes of the glassy condition is that of itinerant libration.


This article articulates the significance of conceptual analysis (CA) methods for the postgraduate philosophy scholar at the G-CAR institution. In order to clarify the significance, first the concepts were defined, their context examined and the problems posed by the concepts looked at. The activity of scholars who are bent on researching for concepts meaning, was highlighted and the methods scholars use in determining meaning were carefully examined. Three major methods discussed by philosophers, namely, constructive, reductive and detective were explained as well as their significance in helping philosophy scholars do qualitative research in meaning determination. Meaning was found to be a discovery of the observer's relationship to the objective reality as depicted by concepts. The common factor in these three methods was the dominant role both the observer and the human subjects played in determining meaning – a constructive engagement. It was clarified too, that the ability to explicate concepts' meaning is the tool kit or skill sets that all scholars need to navigate the semantic jungle in the 21st Century. Key Terms: Conceptual analysis methods, constructive, reductive, detection methods. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 8 May 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0087.v1 © 2019 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license.


Abstract Employing molecular dynamic simulations, the detachment process of oil film from silica surface in six cationic surfactants with same head group and different alkyl tail length was investigated. In this work, the surfactant C2nTAB series (n = 4 − 9) were selected to investigate the effect of tail chain length on oil detachment capability. In all surfactants systems, the oil film detachment processes undergone three stages: at initial stage, the surfactants adsorb on the oil-water interface. And then water molecules penetrate the oil film and form a water channel. At last stage, the water molecules spread on the silica surface and the oil film are detached gradually. Quantitative evaluation indicates that the detachment capability of these three surfactants follows C12TAB > C14TAB ≈ C16TAB≈C8TAB > C10TAB > C18TAB. Our results indicated that the chain length of surfactant play important role in tertiary oil recovery, and a compatibility should be considered.


Title: Children's villages as a functional equivalent to the ordinary family? A quantitative study with university students raised in children's villages in Sub-Saharan Africa. Authors: Jenny Hagby and Hanna Ohlsson


Objective:To study the ultrasonographic characteristics of rotator cuff tear and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and clinical treatment of rotator cuff tear.Methods:Sixty-six patients suspected as rotator cuff tear were detected by ultrasound.Sonographic examinations were compared with surgery,arthrography or MRI.Results:Sonographic characteristics included focal abnormal echogenicity within the cuff,focal defect of the rotator cuff,invisibility of the cuff.The sensitivity of sonography in detecting rotator cuff tear was 98%(54/55),the specificity was 81%(17/21),and the accuracy was 93%(65/70).Conclusion:Sonography is the preferred examination method in the diagnosis and clinical treatment of rotator cuff tear.


A common criticism of both reviewers is the size of the figures and their labels and symbols. While the original figures had a reasonable symbol and font size, when combining them into multi-panel figures, the size was reduced. To compensate for this deficiency we have redone most of the figures to increase the visibility of symbols and labels, and also to include some of the suggestions by the reviewers.


alchemists and physicians were already quite at home with empirical reality. Physicians regularly confronted both theory and practice in their quotidian attendance on the sick, and individual observations were given authority in medical consilia. If the nature and overarching significance of scientific change in this period remains in dispute, that there was an intensification of scientific inquiry, fed by external factors such as exploration, capitalization, and new technologies — and that all this produced a wealth of new information that nourished interlocking social, political, and economic changes — is well-established in these studies. It is a clear strength of this volume that early modern science — once construed to center on epistemology, physics, cosmology, and mathematics — now embraces medicine, natural history, alchemy, astrology, and sociological and culturalhistorical approaches aimed at contextualizing intellectual change in other cultural activities. Individually the contributions to this volume are thoughtful, wellresearched summations of the state of the art in their specific topical areas. As such they constitute a useful disciplinary resource for teachers, but also mark the way for the next generation of extensions, revisions, and syntheses. JOLE SHACKELFORD University of Minnesota


A patient whose peptic ulcer has healed is little better off than he was when his illness was imminent unless specific etiologic factors are sought and modifications applied, when possible. A worka...


Preface About the Authors Introduction to Basic Radar Principles Radar Components The Radar Beam The Radar Pulse Signal Processing References Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Radar Calibration Quality Control Signal Processing Fuzzy Logic Precipitation Rate Estimation Vertical Profile of Reflectivity Rain Gauge Adjustment Space-Time Aggregation Remaining Challenges Uncertainty Estimation References Polarimetric Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Polarimetric Radar Variables Polarimetric Radar Data Quality Control Noise Effect and Reduction Clutter Detection and Removal Attenuation Correction Calibration Self-Consistency Check Hydrometeor Classification Polarimetric Characteristics of Radar Echoes Classification Algorithms Polarimetric Radar-Based QPE Microphysical Retrievals Raindrop Size Distribution Model DSD Retrieval Snowfall and Hail Estimation Validation References Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) Algorithm Single-Radar Processing Dual-Polarization Quality Control Vertical Profile of Reflectivity Correction Product Generation Precipitation Typology Precipitation Estimation Verification Discussion References Advanced Radar Technologies for Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Mobile and Gap-Filling Radars ARRC's Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research and Teaching Radar (SMART-R) NSSL's X-Band Polarimetric Mobile Radar (NOXP) ARRC's Atmospheric Imaging Radar (AIR) ARRC's Polarimetric X-Band 1000 (PX-1000) Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) Spaceborne Radars Precipitation Radar aboard TRMM Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar aboard NASA GPM Phased-Array Radar Design Aspects and Product Resolution Dual Polarization Impact on Hydrology References Radar Technologies for Observing the Water Cycle The Hydrologic Cycle Surface Water Streamflow Radar Surface Water Altimetry Synthetic Aperture Radar Subsurface Water L-Band Radar C-Band Radar Ground-Penetrating Radar Subsurface Water References Radar QPE for Hydrologic Modeling Overview of Hydrological Models Model Classes Model Parameters Model State Variables and Data Assimilation Hydrological Model Evaluation Hydrological Evaluation of Radar QPE Case Study in Ft. Cobb Basin, Oklahoma Evaluation with a Hydrologic Model Calibrated to a Reference QPE Evaluation with Monte Carlo Simulations from a Hydrologic Model Evaluation with a Hydrologic Model Calibrated to Individual QPEs References Flash Flood Forecasting Flash Flood Guidance Flash Flood Guidance: History Lumped Flash Flood Guidance Flash Flood Potential Index Gridded Flash Flood Guidance Comments on the Use of Flash Flood Guidance Threshold Frequency Approach References


Objective To research the integrated pest management(IPM) measures of vector in the the area of parade village and offer the reference for vector control in troop concentrated area.Methods Based on the density monitor regularly,taking environmental management as fundamental methods,then carrying out chemical insecticide and physical control as the IPM measures.Results In the area of Shahe parade village,most mosquitoes were Culex pipiens pallens,the main fly was Sarcophagidae and housefly,there were few cockroach in the parade village.The average density of mosquito was 23.21 pieces per light per hour,and was lower than it in other area obviously.The average fly density was 1.22 pieces per day.The rat killing rate was 100%.Conclusion The IPM measures of vector taken in the the area of parade village is effective and appropriate.