The conventional single-round contention based carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) medium access control (MAC) protocols are not able to effectively utilize the opportunities of advanced physical layer techniques of multi-packet receptions in wireless local area networks (WLANs). Researchers proposed various multi-round contention based CSMA MAC protocols to increase throughput in WLANs by taking the full benefits from those advanced physical layer techniques. However, delays of the packets of a WLAN becomes high under non-saturated traffic due to the waiting time by the access point (AP) for contending multiple packets from multiple users when multi-round contention based MAC protocol is used. In this paper, a multi-round contention based CSMA MAC protocol is considered in a WLAN with successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique. An algorithm is proposed for dynamically adapting the waiting time for multi-round contentions to improve the delay performance in a WLAN under a multi-round contention based MAC protocol and SIC. The simulator of multi-round contention based CSMA protocol is modified including the proposed algorithm. Delay and throughput performances of WLANs are evaluated under non-saturated traffic via simulation with and without the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is very effective in reducing the packet delay in WLANs with multi-round contention based MAC protocol without degradation of throughput performance.


367 (100010) 308 (83.9%) 13 (3.5%) 12 (3.3%) 9 (2,4%) I (0.4%) 24 (6.5%) Commonwealth Government's $2 million publicity prevention programme; and information is to be obtained on the clinical course of those groups that are infected with HIV. In Victoria (population, 4.1 million persons), a framework for the provision of a surveillance programme for HIV infection was established by the Health Department in conjunction with approved testing sites for HIV three laboratories and the central and regional divisions of the Red Cross Blood Bank. Doctors who request HIV antibodytesting are encouraged to use a standard request form that stipulates the patient's name in code (first two letters of the surname and first two letters of the first name), the date of birth, the sex, risk category, and whether the patient had undergone a previous antibody test. 2 This form has been widely accepted by the medical profession and referring laboratories. During 1986, 25 605 screening tests (excluding those that were performed at blood banks) for HIV antibody were performed in Victoria. However, this figure cannot be used as a denominator to calculate rates of seropositivity as it includes repeat tests for both HIV-infected and uninfected individuals; at one laboratory almost 20% of tests are performed for individuals who have been tested previously. The number of individuals who were confirmed to be seropositive for HIV antibodies for the first time in 1986was 367. Strenuous attempts are made to prevent duplication of figures by the exclusion of those who are known to have been seropositive previously. The risk groups of these persons who were confirmed to be HIV antibody seropositive are shown below.


September 2020 1 Sani Namik Murat, MD Damla Yalcinkaya , MD Mikail Yarlioglues, MD Hasan Yigit, MD Ugur Bozkurt, MD Ibrahim Etem Celik, MD Fatih Oksuz, MD Fatih Atik, MD Mustafa Duran, MD A 22-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of long-standing dyspnea and newly onset palpitation. On ECG, she had atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed dextrocardia with enlarged right heart cavities and left atrium. She had severe tricuspid regurgitation (Movie I in the Data Supplement) with systolic pulmonary artery pressure of 87.25 mm Hg (Figure 1). Subaortic type ventricular septal defect was also present (Figure 2A and 2B; Movies II and III in the Data Supplement). We decided to perform cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to reveal additional cardiac or vascular abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed dextrocardia, midline liver, and polysplenia (Figure 3A and 3B). Moreover, inferior vena cava was absent, and hepatic veins were directly draining into left atrial shaped right atrium indicating left atrial isomerism (Figure 4A). Subaortic type ventricular septal defect was also confirmed on cine images and on in plane phase-contrast flow images (Movies IV and V in the Data Supplement). Additionally, there was bicuspid aortic valve (Movie VI in the Data Supplement) with coarctation of the aorta (Movie VII in the Data Supplement) following the hypoplastic aortic arch, proximal to aberrant left subclavian artery. Distal to the coarctation, a patent ductus arteriosus was observed, with a diameter reaching up to 1 cm (Figure 4B; Movie VII in the Data Supplement). As a result, diagnosis of heterotaxy syndrome with left isomerism was made. At performed catheterization, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mean right atrium pressure, and systolic right ventricular pressure was 93, 10, and 91 mm Hg, respectively, on pressure records. A systolic pressure of 138 mm Hg in ascending aorta and systolic pressure of 94 mm Hg in transverse aorta were measured, demonstrating a gradient of 44 mm Hg compatible with coarctation of the aorta. On cineangiography, left ventricular injection showed the transition of contrast agent through a large ventricular septal defect to the right ventricle (Movie VIII in the Data Supplement). In aortic root injection coarctation of the aorta was revealed (Movie IX in the Data Supplement), and pulmonary artery was filled with contrast agent via patent ductus arteriosus distal to the left subclavian artery (Movie X in the Data Supplement). In oximetry studies, shunt was detected at ventricular and ductal level. Pulmonary resistance and systemic resistance were 16 and 18 woods, respectively. The ratio of pulmonary resistance/systemic resistance was determined as 0.85, and vasoreactivity tests were negative with pure oxygen and ilioprost, indicating inoperable disease. At council of congenital heart disease, it was decided to initiate endothelin receptor antagonist agent (bosentan) for pulmonary hypertension and diltiazem for rate control. Her clinical status was improved with this medication. We discharged the patient with close follow-up period of 2 weeks. But at the third follow-up period, we had lost connection with the patient. On medical records, we had learned that she © 2020 American Heart Association, Inc. CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGES


Despite extensive research on phishing, a severe lack of work centered on attackers has resulted in a limited understanding of the adversarial behaviors conducive to attack success and failures. This work describes a novel method for conducting controlled laboratory studies of cognitive vulnerabilities that attackers experience during the design and execution phases of spear-phishing attacks. Based on the SpearSim platform, the new simulation environment integrates cognitive agents that model and predict end-user responses to spear-phishing attacks. This advancement to SpearSim allows the generation of real-time, automated, "human-like" responses to simulated spear-phishing attacks. This enables the execution of experiments focused on attackers and attacker behaviors. We describe the proposed simulation framework, provide details about the implemented simulation environment, and present results to evaluate the performance of the simulation environment. Compared to the earlier version of SpearSim involving human end-users, the new approach generates responses at a much faster rate (3 times faster than human end-users) and importantly with less variance in the time to respond. The cognitive agents used in the simulation predicted human responses to phishing and spear-phishing attackers with moderate accuracy (about 60%). Our proposed method intends to provide an effective and robust way to conduct laboratory experiments on spear-phishing attacks and further understand attackers' decision-making processes that could be exploited to thwart future attacks.


Solvent extraction of Np(V) from HNO3 solution was experimentally studied with n-octyl(phenyl)-N, N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) as an extractant mixed with TBP and n-dodecane. In the low HNO3 concentration, the Np(V) is weakly extractable, but effectively extracted in the high HNO3 concentration (>4 M) due to the disproportionation of Np(V) to Np(IV) and Np(VI). The distribution ratio of Np was increased by use of H2O2 as a reductant of Np(V). More than 95% of Np was extracted with 0.8 M H2O2 in 2.2 M HNO3 solution. It was shown that most of the Np extracted is in tetravalent state as expected from redox mechanism. The Np(IV) extracted in the organic phase was effectively stripped to the aqueous phase with H2C2O4.


farms. Many of the farms have been included for five to 15 years or longer. Data from these associations are used for many research, extension, and teaching purposes (e.g., Schurle and Tholstrup; Sonka, Hornbaker, and Hudson; Scott; Tvedt, Olson, and Hawkins; Olson, Lyman, and Eidman). However, in spite of being a rich source of real data, studies using farm management association data usually contain a comment or disclaimer about the representativeness of the association membership and whether, or to what degree, the conclusions can be extended to the general farm population. This practice is carried out for several reasons. Participation in these associations is voluntary, not a random assignment; hence, members may be different from the population of farmers due to a self-


Weeds, along with insect pests and plant diseases, are sources of biotic stress in crop systems that reduce yields, raise production costs, and contribute to income risk to farmers (HarvestChoice, 2009). Transgenic, herbicide-resistant (HR) crop varieties, first introduced in 1996, offer the promise of more effective weed control. By 2008, more than 79 million hectares worldwide were planted to HR varieties of soybean, maize, canola, cotton, alfalfa, and sugar beets (James, 2009). What accounts for the rapid diffusion of HR crops in countries where they have gained regulatory approval? Research suggests grower adoption decisions depend not only on farm profits, but also on the complex characteristics of herbicides and weed-management programs, such as simplicity, convenience, flexibility, and safety. HR crops, thus, may provide multiple pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits, including environmental benefits. Herbicides used with most HR crops tend to be less toxic and persistent than the herbicides they replace, while HR varieties can complement the use of no-till systems that reduce soil erosion and fossil fuel emissions. Thus, benefits of HR crops are multi-faceted and difficult to quantify. The benefits of HR crops, however, may be threatened by the evolution of weeds that are resistant to herbicides used with HR crops. The sustainable use of HR crops, therefore, requires strategies to delay the evolution of HR weeds. This special issue includes 12 articles that examine different facets of HR crops. These include (a) adoption and diffusion of HR varieties, (b) characterization and estimation of the benefits of HR crops, (c) the implications of corporate seed-pricing strategies on grower welfare, and (d) strategies to manage weed resistance for sustainable use of HR crops. Several institutions supported research leading to the articles in this issue. Among these were Monsanto, the HarvestChoice initiative (Pardey & Wood, 2009), the Agricultural Research Division of Cotton Incorporated (http://www.cottoninc.com/AgriculturalResearch), the USDA National Research Initiative, the European Union (EU), the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC), the Dutch Directorate-General for International Cooperation (DGIS), the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (NWOWOTRO), the Department for International Development (DFID), the Western Australia Herbicide Resistance Initiative at the University of the Western Australia, and the Cooperative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management. Collaboration among special issue editors and authors was further facilitated by the USDA Multistate Research Fund Project NC-1034: Impact Analyses and Decision Strategies for Agricultural Research.


Numerous human and environmental factors threaten to increase the likelihood and magnitude of floods throughout the world. At present, the law of international watercourses provides the basic norms by which states cooperate over flood-related matters. More specific provisions related to flood management can be found in a limited number of regional and basin-specific treaties. Within the European context, examples include the recently adopted Floods Directive and the Model Provisions of the U.N. Economic Commission for Europe Helsinki Convention. However, much more effort is needed to learn lessons from existing practices to enhance the legal frameworkfor managing transboundary floods.


A novel technique for reducing oscillator phase noise has been demonstrated. The technique utilized a pair of limiting diodes to keep the metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) operating a linear region. An X-band monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) oscillator was designed, fabricated, and tested to demonstrate the concept. A reduction of 15 dB in phase noise at 5 kHz from the carrier was measured.<<ETX>>


The transmission-type antenna is disclosed the overall movement of the class possible. A transmission antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, by transmitting radiation to the incident radio wave transmission-type structure; Class of radiation to radio waves in the transmission type structure, or receiving said radio wave incident whole; A drive shaft for ring or group to move the entirety of the class; Body for providing the movement route of the entirety of the class through the drive shaft; And it is connected to the full-level through the drive shaft may include a control unit that determines the tilt directions of all the feeding and controlling the movement and the group ring of the driving shaft.


The invention provides a PVC cable material and a preparation method thereof. The PVC cable material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials by weight parts: 55-60 parts of SG-4PVC, 2-3 parts of dimethicone, 2-3 parts of chromium diboride, 23-26 parts of high-wear-resistant carbon black, 12-14 parts of attapulgite, 24-26 parts of titanium dioxide, 7-9 parts of chloroprene rubber (CR121), 5-7 parts of ethyl acetate, 2-3 parts of acrylic acid-2-hydroxypropyl, 1-2 parts of stearic acid monoglyceride, 4-6 parts of epoxy linseed oil, 2-3 parts of calcium stearate, 1-2 parts of dimethyl di isooctyl mercaptoacetate tin, 3-4 parts of isopropyl dioleate acyloxy (dioctyl phosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide, 1-2 parts of an accelerator PZ, 1-2 parts of an antioxidant NBC and 6-8 parts of modified diatomite. According to the preparation method of the PVC cable material, the aluminium nitride is added to improve heat dissipation performance of the cable materials, reduce temperature rise of the cable material, and thus improve high temperature resistance of the cable material. Meanwhile, by using the chloroprene rubber, an elongation at break of the cable material can be increased.


This study aimed at evaluating the potential of makgeolli, which is widely consumed as beverage, as a functional cosmetic ingredient, based on analyses on its antioxidant activity and tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect. The sample was extracted by concentrating the suspension obtained after adding MeOH (3 L) to the residue of a commercial makgeolli and then adding EtOAc (3 L) to the concentrate, which was subjected to fractionation. The upper layer of the fractions was used as the final sample. In MTT assay assessments, no cytotoxicity was observed at a concentration range of 10 to 1,000 μg/mL; the antioxidant activity of the extract showed a concentration-dependent tendency and it had a high activity with an EC50 of 7.008 mg/mL. Also, in a tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect assessment, the extract showed an IC50 value of 39.22 mg/mL. These results confirmed that this sample has potential as a functional cosmetic ingredient.


This work deals with the coupling between high temperature steam electrolysis and carbon dioxide methanation (hydrogenation) to produce a synthetic gas directly injectable in the natural gas distribution grid. This system concept is one of the existing possibilities related to a pathway named Power-to-gas. According to this strategy, low-priced surplus electric energy coming from renewable energy sources (RES) or nuclear plants can be converted into chemical energy of a fuel in order to store it for a longer time. Another purpose is to compensate the unbalances of the electric grid due to the daily and seasonally fluctuations of electricity production from RES (especially wind and solar). The integration between solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology and methanation seems to be promising due to the possible thermal integration between exothermal hydrogenation and thermal energy required within the water splitting unit. Hydrogen generated through steam electrolysis can react with carbon dioxide producing methane and water (4 H2 + CO2 ↔ CH4 + 2 H2O). A preliminary screening of nickel-based catalysts has been carried out at atmospheric pressure in order to identify the catalyst(s) with higher activity. During this experimental activity seven samples have been tested: a standard NiO on γ-Al2O3 catalyst (Ni/A); three Ni-based samples (Ni/C5, Ni/C10 and Ni/C15) with a composite support containing a mixture of γ-Al2O3 and other promoters (CeO2, ZrO2 and TiO2); two nickel-aluminum hydrotalcites (Ni-Al 8.7 and Ni-Al 12, prepared at a pH of 8.7 and 12, respectively) and a commercial NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst (CRG-F). Hydrotalcites and commercial catalyst present better performance than oxides-supported nickel samples and are more active especially at low temperature (below 300 °C). The different activity far from equilibrium can be put in relation with some physic and chemical properties. Hydrotalcites and commercial catalyst presented higher nickel content than the other samples. Moreover, also the metal dispersion seems to play a role in order to enhance the catalytic performance. Concerning oxide-supported Ni-based catalysts, the addition of promoters (CeO2, TiO2 and ZrO2) to γ-Al2O3 within the support showed a beneficial effect on the activity due to the increased catalyst reducibility. A new test rig has been designed and set up in order to perform an experimental activity at high pressure (up to 30 bar). Samples at both small (0.25-0.5 mm) and pellet (3 mm) size have been tested at different pressure, temperature and inlet gas composition. As a preliminary activity, a commercial catalyst at pellet size was tested at 300 °C and different residence times with two different inlet mixtures (in order to reproduce a series of two reactors with an inter-condensation of the produced water). This experimental activity enabled the production of synthetic gas with hydrogen content lower than 5%, which is the maximum acceptable H2 amount considered in this work for the direct injection of SNG into the natural gas distribution grid. Thus, the feasibility of the process in terms of overall conversion into methane was verified. Then, a test campaign has been carried out by varying several operating parameters in order to describe the methanation kinetics for a commercial catalyst (NiO/γ-Al2O3) at small particles size (250-500 μm). Total and reactants partial pressures and temperature were varied during the experimental activity. The obtained experimental points have been used into an ideal PFR model for the kinetic parameters estimation. Both power law and Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LHHW) rate equations were considered. Concerning LHHW-type equations, the one leading to the best fitting of experimental data is based on the dissociative chemisorption of both hydrogen and carbon dioxide as reaction mechanism. The obtained kinetics was used as a basis for a 1D plug flow reactor model applied to a series of two cooled multi-tube fixed bed reactors for methane synthesis: the main goal is to estimate temperature and conversion profiles along the axial coordinate. Evaporating water at 240 °C (i.e. at ≈ 33 bar) has been considered as a coolant: this strategy ensures a high heat transfer coefficient on the shell side. Both micro and macro kinetics equations are solved. Thus, transport phenomena between gas and solid catalyst have been taken into account. In addition, the evaluation of the effectiveness factor for isothermal particles enabled the estimation of the mass transfer inside the porous catalyst. In order to moderate the temperature increase (i.e. to prevent the hot spot risk) especially within the first reactor, part of the reacting CO2 is conveyed directly to the second reactor by-passing the first one. A carbon dioxide split ratio of 0.7 (meaning that the 30% of the total CO2 flow by-passes the first reactor) ensures that the maximum temperature reached within the solid catalyst is lower than 600 °C (this value has been fixed at the maximum acceptable temperature). The length of the second reactor was adjusted in order to ensure a methane fraction in the outlet gas equal to 95% (on dry basis), enabling the production of a synthetic gas with a H2 content lower than 5% (i.e. injectable in the NG pipeline). Inlet pressure has been set equal to 15 bar. The obtained results from the 1D model have been used for the design of the methanation unit consisting in a series of two cooled reactors with steam inter-condensation. Then, the process modeling of a plant coupling high temperature electrolysis and methanation is presented: the main goal of this analysis is the calculation of an overall plant efficiency (in terms of electricity-to-SNG chemical energy). The plant size has been set considering a 10 MWel SOEC-based electrolysis unit. It has been assumed that the heat produced from the exothermal methanation is entirely used for the water evaporation; the as generated steam is the key reactant of the electrolysis unit. Through the pinch analysis, a further thermal integration between hot and cold streams was performed. The external heat requirement obtained through the minimization of thermal needing was equal to 121 kW (≈1% of the electrolyser duty). However, such integration requires a too high number of heat exchangers, resulting in increasing costs and higher system complexity. Thus, the heat exchangers network has been re-designed in order to reduce the number of components. Hot and cold streams of electrolysis section have been coupled; a similar procedure has been applied to the methanation unit. Thus, the only integration between the two sections is represented by the reaction heat used for the water evaporation. The reduced complexity results in a higher external heat requirement (272 kW): this new value has been considered acceptable (≈3% of the electrolysis power). Efficiency was calculated as the ratio between the SNG chemical power and the overall electric input (including electrolysis power, compression duties and external heating). The SOEC-based power-to-gas system presented an HHV-based efficiency equal to ≈ 86 % (≈ 77 % on LHV basis).


Public concern for the natural environment continues to grow as complex environmental problems emerge. One avenue where concern for the environment has been expressed is through activism. However, research on environmental activism, often aimed at understanding the motivations behind activist behavior, has largely focused on older adults. In this study, we extend the state of knowledge on environmental activism further by focusing on college students. We use qualitative methods (in-depth interviews and observations) to examine the motivations behind student involvement in environmental activism on a state university campus. Our findings underscore that young people's activist motivations are not stand-alone phenomena; they work in tandem with other processes and factors in a dynamic way and are influenced by an individual's history, previous experiences and passion, a sense of community, existing incentives, and self-satisfaction derived from activist behavior.


This paper proposes a bio-inspired framework for adapting software agents on distributed systems. It is unique to other existing approaches for software adaptation because it introduces the notions of differentiation, dedifferentiation, and cellular division in cellular slime molds, e.g., dictyostelium discoideum, into real distributed systems. When an agent delegates a function to another agent coordinating with it, if the former has the function, this function becomes less-developed and the latter's function becomes well-developed. The framework was constructed as a general-purpose middleware system and allowed us to define agents as Java objects. We present several evaluations of the framework in a distributed system instead of any simulation-based systems.


Buried in the detail of Backing Australia's Ability II (BAA II) is $2.8 million over the next two years to establishment a quality assessment framework for taxpayer-funded research carried out in universities and publicly-funded research agencies such as CSIRO, explains NTEU Policy and Research Coordinator Andrew Nette.


We have searched three hot molecular cores for submillimetre emission from the nucleic acid building block pyrimidine. We obtain upper limits to the total pyrimidine (beam-averaged) column densities towards Sgr B2(N), Orion KL and W51 el/e2 of 1.7 × 10 1 4 , 2.4 × 10 1 4 and 3.4 × 10 1 4 cm - 2 , respectively. The associated upper limits to the pyrimidine fractional abundances lie in the range (0.3-3) x 10 - 1 0 . Implications of this result for interstellar organic chemistry, and for the prospects of detecting nitrogen heterocycles in general, are discussed briefly.


Focusing on a case study that has at its axis myself and the records of Lilian Bland, I explore person-centred archival theory by engaging primarily with what Sara Ahmed conceptualizes as queer use. I draw on recent archival literature on love and grief, queer theory, feminist theory, anti-colonial methods, and new materialism to propose a radical somatics of critical archival love. I situate my knowledge and power within discourses of social justice, healing, liberatory memory work, and gender and sexuality to reflect on what it means to "do right": to act ethically and with care toward ourselves and the myriad others we encounter in archival practice, and to be of use to one another.


Medical Informatics,as an emerging interdisciplinary,has got rapid development in the past few decades,the connotation of discipline is increasingly abundant,and the field of research is continuously expanding.The paper briefly introduces the connotation of medical informatics,reviews the development history of medical informatics both in China and abroad,analyzes the research focus of medical informatics and gives thoughts on the development of medical informatics in China.It aims to cause further research and discussion, jointly advance the development of medical informatics discipline.


Abstract Recovery of waste heat from gray water can be an interesting alternative to other energy saving systems in a building, including alternative energy sources. Mainly, due to a number of advantages including independence from weather conditions, small investment outlay, lack of user support, or a slight interference with the installation system. The purpose of this article is to present the financial effectiveness of installations which provide hot, usable water to a detached house, using a Drain Water Heat Recovery (DWHR) system depending on the number of system users and the various combinations of bathing time in the shower, which has an influence on the daily warm water demand in each of the considered options. The economic analysis of the adopted installation variants is based on the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) method, which is characterized by the fact that it also includes the operating costs in addition to the capital expenditure during the entire analysis period. For each case, the necessary devices were selected and the cost of their installation was estimated.


The article is a continuation of a series of articles united by a single theme of improving the organization of the country's security management system. Materials from previous articles were used. The article outlines the principles of building the hardware component of the system of obtaining objective information, which will provide a unified approach to improving the organization of the management system, set out in previous articles.

Emphasis is placed on infrared spectrometers and the authors' method of spectrometry, as a priority area for the development of objective information systems. The development of methodology and a specific example of the use of infrared systems and technologies is given.


An all optical associative memory is presented in which the dynamic holographic storage element and phase conjugation mirror are made up with LiNbO3. A new method of storing image is proposed which can double the storage capacity of the all optical associative memory.


An active database monitors events (such as access, insert, delete, and update of tuples/ objects, and invocation of methods on objects). Each event potentially changes the database state. Applications may wish to react to sequences of events and database states satisfying certain properties. Speciication of such sequences can be viewed as a formulation of temporal queries. Further, monitoring such sequences, or equivalently, the evaluation of such temporal queries, must be eecient, and must not require storage of the entire database history. In this paper, we present a language for specifying temporal queries that are of interest in an active database, and for which we can hope to develop eecient evaluation techniques.


Narrow bandgap lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles, which may expand the light absorption range to visible region, have attracted tremendous interest serving as promising sensitizer in coupled semiconductor for photoelectrochemical cell. In this study, PbS were deposited onto titania nanotubes by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. During the SILAR deposition, the growth of PbS onto titania nanotubes (PbS/TNT) had been tuned by tailoring the concentration of the precursor solution. The sample microstructure was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). By varying the concentration of precursor solution, size and distribution of PbS nanoparticles could be tuned. Upon growth of PbS onto TNT, all samples showed enhanced photocurrent response ascribed to the changes in microstructure and optical properties of the synthesized samples. At 100 mM solution concentration dipped for 5 SILAR cycles, the sample demonstrated the highest peak photocurrent density of 890 A/cm and a corresponding photoconversion efficiency of 0.55% compared to the as-prepared TNT (36 A/cm). The PbS/TNT composite could be considered as an excellent photoelectrode material applied in the solar conversion devices due to its high visible light harvesting capability.


Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a number of aspects of cancer biology. Recent research has shown that lncRNAs can encode micropeptides that mediate their functions in tumors. Here, we revealed that the liver-specific putative lncRNA, AC115619, is expressed at low levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and encodes a micropeptide, designated as AC115619-22aa. AC115619 played a crucial role in the regulation of tumor progression and was a prognostic indicator in HCC. The encoded micropeptide AC115619-22aa inhibited the progression of HCC by binding to WTAP and impeding the assembly of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase complex, which regulates the expression of tumor-associated genes, such as SOCS2 and ATG14. AC115619 was co-transcribed with the adjacent upstream coding gene APOB, and hypoxia induced transcriptional repression of both APOB and AC115619 by controlling HIF1A/HDAC3 and HNF4A signaling. In animal and patient-derived models, AC115619-22aa reduced global m6A levels and suppressed tumor growth. In conclusion, this study establishes AC115619 and its encoded micropeptide as potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for patients with HCC.


In order to evaluate different port concepts for modern Compression-Ignition engines, usually quantities as the swirl level and the flow coefficient are evaluated, which are measured on a stationary flow test bench. As additional criterion, in this work, the homogeneity of the swirl flow is introduced and defined quantitatively. Different valve lift strategies are evaluated using three-dimensional Particle Imaging Velocimetry in a stationary flow configuration and transient In-Cylinder CFD simulation using both the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equation and the Large Eddy simulation approach.


Gas-oil separator is the common equipment in petroleum industry.The separation efficiency of the separator has a very important influence on gas treatment process.Traditional separators have single working principle and dissatisfied separating effects.The working principle of the strong suction gas-oil separator is brand-new,which utilizes a helical passage to enforce gas moving up-down to form ordinal forced helical movement and separates gas and oil effectively under the actions of centrifugal effect,sorption,coalescence and gravity.Tests prove that the gas-oil separator has a satisfactory separation effect and has been promoted to domestic application.


Heneicos-6(Z)-en-11-one 1, is a pheromone of the Douglas Fir Tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata a severe defoliator of firs in Western North America. Smith et al. were the first to isolate this compound. Dec-5(Z)-en-1-yl acetate 2, has been isolated from the EAG active glands of turnip moth Agrotis segetum (Noctuidae Lepidoptera), is the active sex pheromone component of Coleophora vaccinella, Euxoa nigricans, Haplodrine superstes and Emmetis trabealis. This pheromone has been proved to have a luring effect for turnip moth up to attractant loading of 10μg. Dec-5(Z) -en-1-yl-3-methylbutanoate 3 is another insect sex pheromone isolated from the female pine emperor moth Naudaurelia cytherea fabr, a serious pest in pine plantations of South Africa. Henderson et al. have isolated and identified it, via comparison of its IR and NMR data with its synthetic analogue. Literature reports a number of synthesis of these compounds. In continuation of our work on selective hydroboration-oxidation studies with sodium acetoxyborohydride, we herein report simple and elegent synthesis of heneicos6(Z)-en-11-one 1, dec-5(Z)en-1-yl acetate 2, dec-5(Z)-en-1-yl 3-methylbutanoate 3. Hydroboration of dec-1-en-4-yne 4 with sodium acetoxyborohydride (prepared in situ from sodiumborohydride and acetic acid in dry THF), followed by iodination with I2/NaOH, CH3OH at OC furnished 1-Iododec-4-yne 5. Grignard reagent prepared from 1-iododec-4-yne 5 and magnesium turnings in anhyd. diethyl ether, on reaction with undecanal in anhydrous diethyl ether provided heneicos-6-yn-11-ol 6, which on oxidation with pyridinium dichromate in anhydrous dichloromethane furnished heneico-6-yn11-one 7. Compound 7 when subjected to partial hydrogenation in the presence of Lindlar`s catalyst in dry hexane containing a few drops of quinoline under slight positive pressure of hydrogen, furnished 1 (Scheme I) Hydroboration of dec-1-en-5-yne 8 with sodium acetoxyborohydride (prepared in situ from sodium borohydride and acetic acid in dry THF), followed by oxidation with alkaline hydrogen peroxide furnished dec-5-yn-1-ol 9, which on partial catalytic hydrogenation over Lindlar's catalyst in dry hexane yielded the dec-5(Z)-en-1-ol 10 quantitatively. Acetylation of 10 with acetic anhydride and pyridine furnished 2 in 65% yield. Esterification of 3-methylbutanoyl chloride with dec-5(Z)-en-1-ol and pyridine in dry DCM furnished dec-5(Z)-en-1-yl 3methylbutanoate 3 in 85% yield


A laboratory method for assessment of wheat resistance to take-all was developed:2dold wheat seedlings were put on water-saturated filter papers matted in a Petri dish,each seminal root was soon inoculated at the middle point with a G.graminis var.tritici colonized agar disc 3mm in diameter.At 5dafter incubation at 25℃,the length of lesion on each inoculated root was measured.The mean lesion length was taken as the indicator of the resistance of wheat cultivars to take-all and the virulence of Ggt isolates as well.Cultivars with known resistance to take-all and isolates with known virulence were used to test the reliability of this method,accordant results were obtained.For further verification,a number of isolates were assayed by this method for their virulence,the results were highly correlated with that by pot experiment.So,this method was reliable as well as quick and simple.The virulence of 58isolates and the resistance of 53wheat cultivars were tested with this method.The virulence was significantly different among isolates and the resistance of wheat cultivars was generally low.Only 13.2%of the tested cultivars were moderately resistant with the rest were susceptible to take-all.


Classically, the properties and dynamics of materials systems can, in principle, be described with the help of their energy landscape. At each given moment in time, we associate with the current configuration of N particles a point in a 3N-dimensional space and an energy. The dynamics of the system is reflected in the movement of this point on the energy landscape. However, this energy landscape is highly complicated, and trying to analytically compute the dynamics is not possible. Thus we are thrown back to the use of numerical simulations, which gravely limit the time window over which we are able to perform accurate calculations. Furthermore, it can be rather difficult to extract physically relevant results from large multi-particle simulations. However, the systems often possess features that can aid our quest. Many properties of a given system do not depend on time or change according to simple (phenomenological) laws, at least within the accuracy of our measurements. This allows us to understand the behavior of the system quite well by using simple (phenomenological) models. Frequently, the underlying reason for this success is the applicability of separation of time scales arguments that one can use to distill the important degrees of freedom relevant on short or long time scales. Some of the typical processes, each possessing characteristic time scales, relevant in materials systems are e.g.


The leading-log order QCD hard scattering Monte-Carlo models of HERWIG, ISAJET, and PYTHIA are used to study the sources of b-quarks at the Tevatron. The reactions responsible for producing b and bbar quarks are separated into three categories; flavor creation, flavor excitation, and parton-shower/fragmentation. Flavor creation corresponds to the production of a b-bbar pair by gluon fusion or by annihilation of light quarks, while flavor excitation corresponds to a b or bbar quark being knocked out of the initial-state by a gluon or a light quark or antiquark. The third source occurs when a b-bbar pair is produced within a parton shower or during the fragmentation process of a gluon or a light quark or antiquark (includes gluon splitting). The QCD Monte-Carlo models indicate that all three sources of b-quarks are important at the Tevatron and when combined they qualitatively describe the inclusive cross-section data. Correlations between the b and bbar quark are very different for the three sources and can be used to isolate the individual contributions.


To ensure the competitiveness of manufacturing companies it is indispensable to optimize their manufacturing processes. Slight variations of process parameters and machine settings have only marginally effects on the product quality. Therefore, the largest possible editing window is required. Such parameters are, for example, the movement of the laser beam across the component for the laser keyhole welding. That`s why it is necessary to keep the formation of welding seams within specified limits. Therefore, the quality of laser welding processes is ensured, by using post-process methods, like ultrasonic inspection, or special in-process methods. These in-process systems only achieve a simple evaluation which shows whether the weld seam is acceptable or not. Furthermore, in-process systems use no feedback for changing the control variables such as speed of the laser or adjustment of laser power. In this paper the research group presents current results of the research field of Online Monitoring, Online Controlling and Model predictive controlling in laser welding processes to increase the product quality. To record the characteristics of the welding process, tested online methods are used during the process. Based on the measurement data, a state space model is ascertained, which includes all the control variables of the system. Depending on simulation tools the model predictive controller (MPC) is designed for the model and integrated into an NI-Real-Time-System.


Common rust incited by Puccinia sorghi Schw. is the most destructive fungal foliar disease of maize worldwide. It is reported that common rust diseases can greatly reduce grain yield of maize in susceptible genotypes by 40% on an average. Foliar disease management in maize often involves indiscriminate use of chemicals or total reliance on host plant resistance (HPR). Integrated disease management (IDM) have clearly demonstrated that when moderate levels of HPR are combined with field treatment and affordable levels of chemical control, expected yields and economic returns are higher than obtained with chemical control of susceptible genotypes. Local agronomic practices were followed during the same period of investigation. Foliar application of Tebuconazole @ 0.1% at 35 and 50 DAS, that is, T1 was significantly superior and highly effective in reducing the disease severity (19.74%) and gave maximum grain yield (66.87 q/ha). The next best treatment was foliar application of Hexaconazole @ 0.1% at 35 and 50 DAS (28.23%) followed by foliar application of Tebuconazole @ 0.1% at 35 DAS and Neemazole F 5% at 50 DAS. The study suggests that any technology developed for maize should offer a clear yield and foliar disease resistance advantage over farmers' current practices.

 Key words: Botanicals, common rust, field evaluation, fungicides, integrated disease   management, Puccinia sorghi, Zea mays.


An important but relatively unsung feature of the previous Parliamentary session was the Companies Bill, which has now completed its Committee Stage and should conclude its remaining stages in the Commons by the end of October. In the following article, Reginald Eyre MP, the Department of Trade Minister responsible for the Bill, examines some of the Bill's implications for individual companies and the commercial world as a whole — and particularly its significance for small companies.


For an unramified reductive group, we determine the connected components of affine Deligne–Lusztig varieties in the affine flag variety. Based on work of Hamacher, Kim, and Zhou, this result allows us to verify, in the unramified group case, the He–Rapoport axioms, the almost product structure of Newton strata, and the precise description of isogeny classes predicted by the Langlands–Rapoport conjecture, for the Kisin–Pappas integral models of Shimura varieties of Hodge type with parahoric level structure.


. Forecasting is a special scientific study, the subject of which is the perspective for the development of the phenomenon. It is of great importance for many scientific and applied fields. This article presents a stochastic model for microgrid load forecasting. Statistical and stochastic methods are used for forecasting.


The effects of di-n-propylacetic acid (DPA) on sleep, for some years used as an anticonvulsive drug, has been investigated in 11 healthy volunteers using all-night sleep EEG recordings. DPA acts by an


Preparation of inorganic/organic nanoparticles (NPs) with special morphology, controllable size, and good stability is important for widening their applications. In this study, a series of polystyrene (PSt)/SiO2 NPs with a raspberry-like structure was synthesized via a miniemulsion polymerization approach, using octaphenyl polyoxyethylene (CA-897) as a nonionic surfactant. To increase silica loading capacity, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MTC) was introduced as an auxiliary monomer. The results indicate that the combinative employment of CA-897/SiO2 NPs/MTC could contribute to the formation of raspberry-like PSt/SiO2 nanohybrids with controlled size of 130–370 nm as well as adjustable silica inorganic content of 17–31 wt%, respectively. The raspberry structure played a significant role on the stabilization of PSt/SiO2 NPs in both electrolytic and strong basic/acidic environments.


Objective: To evaluate antianxiety effect of dried fruits of Prunus americana Marsh. Family Rosaceae. Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed on various extracts of the fruits. Elevated plus maze and light/dark choice tests were used for screening of antianxiety activity. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) was used as the standard drug. Results: Phytochemical screening has shown the presence of various constituents such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, and saponins. Different concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) of the ethanolic extract of P. americana have shown promising results. Significant antianxiety activity was observed in ethanol extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg in both models. Conclusion: The present study suggests that ethanolic extract of P. americana contains certain chemical components that are responsible for the antianxiety effect of the fruits of the plant. The plant may be considered for the management of various disorders related to anxiety.


For installing and debugging the steam-turbine unit No.3 and No.4 of N125-13.24/535/535-Ⅱ in Meixian Power Plant,some measure to prevent the flexure of rotor had been adopted and what cause the faults of speed control and protection system are analyzed.


s being d the distance between probe tips in the poloidal direction. The Mach number is estimated as M=0.4 ln(I ct /I co ) where I co and I ct represent the ion saturation currents (Is) measured on each side of the Mach probe (i.e. co and counter direction magnetic field) (1). Date reported in this paper were obtained in X-point configurations in ohmic and neutral beam heated L-mode regimes with toroidal magnetic fields B = 1.6-2.4 T and plasma current Ip = 2 MA, in "matched" forward (FWD- B) and reversed (REV-B) toroidal field discharges. In the reversed field experiments there was an uncertainty of about 2 cm in the EFIT magnetic equilibrium reconstruction which prevents correct identification of the position of the separatrix. A previous paper (2) studied this problem in some detail and concluded that for the experimental period over which the measurements reported here were made, an approximate correction of 22 mm is required to probe-separatrix distances. The presence of a strong gradient of the floating potential, Vf (linked with a reversal in the poloidal phase velocity) provides a good indicator for the location of the separatrix in many devices (3) and is consistent with the correction applied here. Exper imental r esults and discussion In both magnetic configurations a reversal in the poloidal phase velocity of fluctuations (shear layer), computed from the wave number and frequency spectra S(k,y) using the two


The nozzle session of the 2012 Propulsion Aerodynamic Workshop is summarized. An earlier published investigation of the flow through 15°, 25°, and 40° conical convergent conical nozzles was the basis for this exercise and is briefly explained. Participants were invited to analytically simulate the flow through and downstream of each nozzle, as well as to determine its discharge and velocity coefficients. For additional levels of difficulty, they were asked to simulate the effect of the splitter plate boundary layer on the shock formation in a supercritical jet and the regular vortex shedding from the base at the downstream end of the plate, both phenomena having been observed in the experimental work. Participants' results are summarized and shown, compared with the experimental data.


1 Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Physiology, Department of Animal and Human Physiology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland 2 Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production, 64-122 Pawłowice, Poland 3 The State Forests, Gdańsk Forest District, 81-006 Gdynia, Poland 4 Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland 5 Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland


The bicyclic sesquiterpene (+)-bazzanene (I) was treated with formic acid to give the tricyclic sesquiterpene (±)-cyclobazzanene (II), which was shown to be a racemate of the novel sesquiterpene (II) by X-ray diffraction analysis of the p-bromobenzoate derivative.


Background The Screening Visual Complaints questionnaire (SVCq) is a short questionnaire to screen for visual complaints in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Objective The current study aims to investigate the factor structure of the SVCq to increase the usability of this measure in clinical practice and facilitate the interpretation of visual complaints in people with PD. Methods We performed a confirmatory factor analysis using the 19 items of the SVCq of 581 people with PD, investigating the fit of three models previously found in a community sample: a one-factor model including all items, and models where items are distributed across either three or five factors. The clinical value of derived subscales was explored by comparing scores with age-matched controls (N = 583), and by investigating relationships to demographic and disease related characteristics. Results All three models showed a good fit in people with PD, with the five-factor model outperforming the three-factor and one-factor model. Five factors were distinguished: 'Diminished visual perception–Function related' (5 items), 'Diminished visual perception–Luminance related' (3 items), 'Diminished visual perception–Task related' (3 items), 'Altered visual perception' (6 items), and 'Ocular discomfort' (2 items). On each subscale, people with PD reported more complaints than controls, even when there was no ophthalmological condition present. Furthermore, subscales were sensitive to relevant clinical characteristics, like age, disease duration, severity, and medication use. Conclusions The five-factor model showed a good fit in people with PD and has clinical relevance. Each subscale provides a solid basis for individualized visual care.


ABSTRACT This paper considers the problem of global stabilisation of a class of generalised cascaded systems. By using the extended adding a power integrator technique, a global controller is first constructed for the driving subsystem. Then based on the homogeneous properties and polynomial assumption, it is shown that the stabilisation of the driving subsystem implies the stabilisation of the overall cascaded system. Meanwhile, by properly choosing some control parameters, the global finite-time stability of the closed-loop cascaded system is also established. The proposed control method has several new features. First, the nonlinear cascaded systems considered in the paper are more general than the conventional ones, since the powers in the nominal part of the driving subsystem are not required to be restricted to ratios of positive odd numbers. Second, the proposed method has some flexible parameters which provide the possibility for designing continuously differentiable controllers for cascaded systems, while the existing designed controllers for such kind of cascaded systems are only continuous. Third, the homogenous and polynomial conditions adopted for the driven subsystem are easier to verify when compared with the matching conditions that are widely used previously. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposed control method is validated by its application to finite-time tracking control of non-holonomic wheeled mobile robot.


[7397-43-5] C12H27O3B (MW 230.15)

InChI = 1S/C12H27BO3/c1-10(2,3)14-13(15-11(4,5)6)16-12(7,8)9/h1-9H3

InChIKey = ZMCWFMOZBTXGKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(generally used in the synthesis of other borate esters or as a reactive coupling partner in rhodium-catalyzed carbonylation)

Alternative Names: boron tert-butoxide, boron tri-tert-butoxide tri-tert-butoxyborane, boric acid tris(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester, boric acid tri-tert-butyl ester, tris(tert-butyl) borate, tris(tert-butyloxy)borane.

Physical Data: bp 101 °C at 74 mmHg, mp 18–19 °C, colorless liquid, density 0.811 g mL−1 at 25 °C, flammable liquid.

Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents.

Form Supplied in: <98 % pure (Aldrich), in Sure/SealTM, liquid.

Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1 1H NMR (toluene-d8, 400 MHz): δ 1.29 (s, CH3). 13C NMR (toluene-d8, 125.8 MHz): d 30.1 (CH3), 73.8 (OC(CH3)3). 11B NMR (toluene-d8, 128.3 MHz): δ 18.2.

Preparative Methods: the reagent is prepared via reaction of sodium borohydride with tert-butanol in presence of acetic acid (see below).


Abstract 5-Substituted 1H-tetrazoles were effectively synthesized from aldoximes and diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) under reflux conditions in xylenes. Various aldoximes underwent the cycloaddition reaction to afford the corresponding 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles in short reaction times and in good yields. Chiral aldoximes derived from amino acids also gave aminotetrazoles with almost no racemization.


To ensure the communication security of remote terminal units in distribution automation system,based on the trusted computing theory and security chips technique a hierarchical 3 level authentication mechanism suitable to polytype distribution terminal equipments is proposed,and a secure process for security message transmission of data information from telemetering,telesignaling and remote control is designed,and a mathematical model,which can quantitatively reflect the confidence level of integrity and authenticity of terminal unit status,is put forward. Based on Matlab the interactive process of data information between distribution terminals and the master station is simulated,and utilizing 10 elliptic curves with different key lengths the time expenditure for crypto-operation as well as the securities of elliptic curve cryptography and the timestamp checking mechanism utilized by trusted mechanism are analyzed,and then the confidence level of authenticity of terminal equipments are calculated. Accordingly,those are validated that the proposed trusted mechanism possesses stronger confidentiality and higher accuracy against replay attacks.


Here we uncover a key amino acid at the entrance of the active site of glucose oxidase from Penicilium amagasakiense and we successfully redesign it by nonactive site mutations, leading to enzymatic anodes with 2.4 fold higher current densities. The increase in current density could be correlated with a better interaction between the negatively charged amino acid located in position 424 and the positively charged redox mediator. We also demonstrate that this increase in current was not specific to Osmium and that further introduction of negative charges around the active site of glucose oxidase lead to a decrease in current density, illustrating the uniqueness of this amino acid in position 424.


New water-level sensing and recording instrumentation is being used by the U.S. Geological Survey for monitoring water levels, stream velocities, and water-quality characteristics. Several of these instruments are briefly described. The Basic Data Recorder (BDR) is an electronic data logger, that interfaces to sensor systems through a serial-digital interface standard (SDI-12), which was proposed by the data-logger industry; the Incremental Shaft Encoder is an intelligent water-level sensor, which interfaces to the BDR through the SDI-12; the Pressure Sensor is an intelligent, nonsubmersible pressure sensor, which interfaces to the BDR through the SDI-12 and monitors water levels from 0 to 50 feet; the Ultrasonic Velocity Meter is an intelligent, water-velocity sensor, which interfaces to the BDR through the SDI-12 and measures the velocity across a stream up to 500 feet in width; the Collapsible Hand Sampler can be collapsed for insertion through holes in the ice and opened under the ice to collect a water sample; the Lighweight Ice Auger, weighing only 32 pounds, can auger 6- and 8-inch holes through approximately 3.5 feet of ice; and the Ice Chisel has a specially hardened steel blade and 6-foot long, hickory D-handle.


The Palos Verdes blue butterfly (PVB) was believed extinct for eleven years when a small colony was rediscovered by accident on March 10,1994 at a site from which it had not been recorded earlier. The systematics and natural history of the species (=subspecies for conservation purposes), its historic and present habitat, and plans necessary for its recovery are discussed.


The effect of chemical plating with Ni of hydrogen storage alloy LaNi_(3.8)Co_(0.5)Mn_(0.4)Al_(0.3)on the properties is studied.The results show that the alloy crushing as been greatly improved after the processing of chemical plating with Ni.The alloy elec rode property is good.It can be used in nickel-metal hydride battery.


We study properties of instanton and monopole in an external chromomagnetic field. Generally, the 't Hooft ansatz is no longer a solution of the Yang-Mills field equation in the presence of external fields. Therefore, we investigate a stabilized instanton solution with minimal total Yang-Mills action in a nontrivial topological sector. With this aim, we consider numerical minimization of the action with respect to the global color orientation, the anisotropic scale transformation and the local gauge-like transformation starting from a simple superposed gauge field of the 't Hooft ansatz and the external color field. Here, the external color field is, for simplicity, chosen to be a constant Abelian magnetic field along a certain direction. Then, the 4-dimensional rotational symmetry O(4) of the instanton solution is reduced to two 2-dimensional rotational symmetries O(2) x O(2) due to the effect of a homogeneous external field. In the space R 3 at fixed t, we find a quadrupole deformation of this instanton solution. In the presence of a magnetic field H, a prolate deformation occurs along the direction of H. Contrastingly, in the presence of an electric field E an oblate deformation occurs along the direction of E. We further discuss the local correlation between the instanton and the monopole in the external field in the maximally Abelian gauge. The external field affects the appearance of the monopole trajectory around the instanton. In fact, a monopole and anti-monopole pair appears around the instanton center, and this monopole loop seems to partially screen the external field.


The reliability of aboveground indicators, mycelium on the root collar and stain–decay on the stump surface as estimators of the total number of Phellinuswėirii diseased trees and the total area within root rot centers was examined in 25- to 60-year-old Douglas-fir stands.Although variation occurred among stands, aboveground indicators provided a reliable estimate of the total number of diseased trees and of the affected area. Recognizing only trees with aboveground indicators accounted for half the total number of diseased trees and half the diseased area in stands 45 to 60 years of age and half the number and two-thirds the area in 25- to 30-year-old stands. By also including trees with root collar mycelium and (or) stain–decay on the stump surface, a further 25 to 30% of the infected trees and infection area were recorded. However, the reliability of estimating the total number and area was not significantly improved; consequently, the time spent in uncovering and recording the occurrence of mycelium o...


The bread-making quality of forty three wheat flour samples, divided into two groups according to the ash content (up to 0.6% and 0.7%), and its changes by fortification with malt flour were studied in the form of fermented dough. Standard analytical measurements (ash and protein contents, wet gluten, falling number, Zeleny sedimentation value), rheological investigations (amylograph, maturograph, oven rise recorder), and laboratory baking test were used for the characterisation of flour and dough. The influence of the malt flour addition on the fermented dough behaviour depends on the flour composition and was found more significant in flours with a lower ash content ("bright" type). Amylograph characteristics of flour-water suspensions were affected in the same extent by the malt addition. Maturograph behaviour changed significantly only in proofing stability (without influence by the flour type) and dough firmness was affected by malt only in the case of flours with lower ash contents. Oven rise characteristics of dough and the specific bread volume showed important changes in both sets of samples with significant differences between flours with lower and higher ash contents. A strong correlation (r = 0.62-0.75) significant at 0.01 level exists between the specific bread volume and all oven rise parameters of dough from both sets of samples.


Multifield Raman seeding may be applied to stimulated rotational Raman scattering and is promising for beam-quality control when the Raman gain-length product is large (50). The laser is seeded by two copropagating seed beams, e.g., 1st and 2nd Stokes. The rotational Raman polarization selection rules dictate that each beam must be circularly polarized with alternate heliocities. Because gain suppression is then absent, the Raman gain for seed amplification is high and discriminates well against noise (spontaneous Raman scattering). A parametric process coupling any four distinct waves recursively generates arbitrarily high-order Stokes waves. Because the beam quality of parametrically generated waves should be determined by that of the incident beams, good-quality conversion can occur at very high gain–length products. Code predictions support this conclusion under the following conditions: (1) seeds intense enough to discriminate against initiation by noise, (2) reasonably good beam quality and smooth edges of the incident beams, and (3) good spatial and temporal overlap between the incident beams. In a two-seed experiment on the S(1) transition of H2, it was found that a goodbeam-quality beam core was converted and amplified, but a poor-quality background was also amplified. The Raman code indicates that the observed mixture between good and bad beam quality arises from competition between noise and seeds, which is exacerbated by imperfect temporal overlap between the laser and seed pulses.


The invention relates to a method for calibrating on a movable part (8) of a coordinate measuring machine (11) attached to the rotation device (9) mounted one to the movable part (8) of the coordinate measuring machine (11) the first part (9a) and a relative to the first part (9a) about a rotational axis (R) (9) of the rotary device rotatable second part (9b) to which a measuring sensor (12) for measurement of workpieces can be attached, wherein - the turning device (9) or with the second part (9b) connected to the body (13) is moved by an operation of a drive system of the coordinate measuring machine (11) in a local area of a position determining means with a base (1) of the coordinate measuring machine (11 ) connected is, - by means of at least one sensor (15, 16) of the position-determining device (14) a position of the rotation device (9) or of the second part (9b) connected to the body (13) is determined relative to the position determining means (14) and - the turning device (9) is calibrated, taking into account the determined position.


It is shown that gauge fields may be consistently introduced into a model Lagrangian previously considered by the authors. The model is suggested by the spontaneous breaking of a Lorentz-type group into a quasiphysical two- dimensional space-time and one internal degree of freedom, loosely associated with charge. The introduction of zero-mass gauge fields makes possible the absorption via the Higgs mechanism of the Goldstone fields that appear in the model despite the fact that the Goldstone fields do not transform as scalars. Specifically, gauge invariance of the Yang-Mills type requires the introduction of two sets of massless gauge fields. The transformation properties in two- dimensional space-time suggest that one set is analogous to a charge doublet that behaves like a second-rank tensor in real four-dimensional space time. The other set suggests a spin-one-like charge triplet. Via the Higgs mechanism, the first set absorbs the Goldstone fields and acquires mass. The second set remains massless. If massive gauge fields are introduced, the associated currents are not conserved and the Higgs mechanism is no longer fully operative. The Goldstone fields are not eliminated, but coupling between the Goldstone fields and the gauge fields does shift the mass of the antisymmetric second-rank-tensor gaugemore » field components.« less


A field experiment was conducted to study the spatial variability and scale dependence of soil hydraulic properties. Infiltrometers with three disc diameters (14.4, 20, and 30 cm) and 2 tensions(1 and 10 cm) were used to measure infiltration at 65 locations. With the infiltration data, hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length were calculated. The frequency distribution of hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length was log normal. The spatial continuity of soil hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length was better displayed by measurements with large disc sizes. When tension was 1 cm and disc diameter was 14.4 cm, the spatial structure of hydraulic conductivity was not displayed. The mean of hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length tended to decrease as measurement scale (disc sizes) increased. The values of nuggets and sills of the sample variograms of hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length decreased as measurement scale increased.


binding to GPIIb/IIIa, thus allowing some platelet aggregation to occur. Mg 2 + , even at very high concentrations, does not dissociate the Ca 2 + -dependent GPIIb/IIIa complex, thus preventing platelet agglutination that is dependent on the binding of PTP antibody to GPIIb.


Three lines of chilli (Capsicum annuum) were crossed with fourteen pollen parents in a line x tester fashion. Seventeen parents along with forty-two hybrids were grown in randomized block design in three replications. The extent of heterosis over better parent was 55% for fruit length, 24.48% for fruit width, 111.27% for fruit weight, 66.55% for fruit number, 316.26% for early yield and 108.17% for total yield. The cross Punjab Guchhedar x RHCH up and Lt-2 x Lorai manifested maximum heterosis for fruit number and total yield, respectively.


Active portfolio management is commonly partitioned into two types ofactivities: market timing, which requires forecasts of broad-based marketmovements, and security analysis, which requires the selection of individualstocks that are perceived to be underpriced by the market. Merton (1981) hasprovided an inciteful and easily-implemented means to place a value on markettiming skills. In contrast, while a normative theory of stock selection wasoutlined long ago in Treynor and Black's (1973) work, no convenient means ofvaluing potential selection ability has yet been devised.We present a framework in which the value of a security analyst can becomputed. We also treat market timing ability in this framework, andtherefore can compare the relative values of each type of investmentanalysts. We find that stock selection is potentially extremely valuable, butthat its value depends critically on the forecast interval, on the correlationstructure of residual stock returns, and on the ability to engage in shortsales. Finally, we show how to modify the value of selection for theimportant case in which analysts' forecasts of stocks' alphas are subject toerror.


This paper deals with the measurement and prediction of the SOA boundary and the accompanying device physics. Results are given for n-channel LDMOS transistors having a self-aligned body diffusion. LDMOS SOA has been discussed previously in a number of papers, however, there is still a need for improving the overall understanding of this rather complicated subject. To be complete, thermal effects should also be included in the definition of SOA, however, these can be treated separately and we focus here on the "electrical SOA", which is defined by the Id-Vds boundary where snapback occurs.


Since western mathematics and astronomy had been introduced in Chosun dynasty in the 17th century, most of Chosun mathematicians studied Shu li jing yun(數理精蘊) for the western mathematics. In the last two decades of the 19th century, Chosun scholars have studied them which were introduced by Japanese text books and western missionaries. The former dealt mostly with elementary arithmetic and the latter established schools and taught mathematics. Lee Sang Seol(1870~1917) is well known in Korea as a Confucian scholar, government official, educator and foremost Korean independence movement activist in the 20th century. He was very eager to acquire western civilizations and studied them with the minister H. B. Hulbert(1863~1949). He wrote a mathematics book Su Ri(數理, 1898-1899) which has two parts. The first one deals with the linear part(線部) and geometry in Shu li jing yun and the second part with algebra. Using Su Ri, we investigate the process of transmission of western mathematics into Chosun in the century and show that Lee Sang Seol built a firm foundation for the study of algebra in Chosun.


Laminar shear stress from fluid flow influences endothelial cell (EC) behavior by increasing the production of specific growth factors (GFs). Moreover, fluid flow affects extracellular matrix (ECM) binding kinetics. This study investigates the effects of fluid flow on ECs for 5 and 12 h. Epithelial GF (EGF) and basic fibroblast GF (bFGF), in both free floating and ECM bound form, were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Both bound and free floating EGF and bFGF were found to be increased in cultures under flow compared to cultures under static conditions. These results give a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic EC microenvironment and will be used in future studies for manipulation of neural stem cell cultures.


Attempts to define an area where armed conflict can take place have been one of the strategies used over the centuries to try to mitigate the consequences of conflict and war. Codes of conduct, notions of chivalry, international law and many other devices have attempted to define who it is acceptable to kill, what it is acceptable to attack, and what weapons it is acceptable to use within the area defined by a conflict. This commentary considers what turns an area of land where murder is forbidden into a battlefield where armed individuals can legally kill one other, and the inconsistencies in where and how this is done. It gives an overview of some aspects of battlefields: what they have become, how their borders are – or are not – established and the implications for those who find themselves in them. Conflict situations are often described as unprecedented when they rarely are, and using a more traditional word for what is now commonly referred to as a war zone is intended as a reminder of this.


With the rapid transition of both the economic system and social structure in China since 1990s,urban poverty emerged and deteriorated,and it has become one of the hottest research topics in the disciplines like sociology,demography,geography,urban planning,etc.We found more than 1000 papers,20 doctoral and master thesis and 15 related books in the disciplines of geography,urban planning and sociology under this topic,and chose 125 papers,8 thesis and 13 books from all these materials as the key representative ones,based on which we reviewed and evaluated the studies about urban poverty during the last one and half decades in China.Three main sections were included in this paper:In the first part,we started from analyzing the evolvement of urban poverty studies from 1991 to 2004 which indicates that there exits a close linkage between the research and the socio-economic transition,the public policy of social assistance in the country.Then we divide all the papers into four fundamental groups: the studies of process,interaction,action and comprehensive research of urban poverty.We found that the study of process had more than 38 percent of the whole papers,which covers the concepts,the types and the causes of urban poverty.While the comprehensive research,the action research and that of interaction occupied 26 percent,22 percent,and 14 percent.We have also found that the process was almost the only topic of urban poverty research before the mid 1990s,while the other three joined since 1996.In the second part,under the framework of "process-interaction-action",we reviewed the main viewpoints of the urban poverty research,including the concept,the measuring standard,the characteristics of the poor class,the main reasons for the poverty,and the anti-poverty actions.The concept of urban poverty was developed from economic poverty to comprehensive deprivation.The main characteristics of the poor class were low-income,poor-education and spatially agglomerating in certain areas within cities.Most researchers agreed that urban poverty was caused by the adjustment of the socio-economic structure,the inequality of income distribution and the lagging of the social assistance.Measures,not only in economy and social welfare but also in urban development and urban planning,should be taken for anti-poverty.In the third part,based on the former review,we pointed out the deficiencies in the existing studies.Very little attention has been paid on the urban social space of this special stratum,the relationship between urban development,urban social structure and the urban poor,the demand of this stratum and the fair distribution of urban public resources.We also gave some suggestions for the future research on this topic.


Objectives: To analyze the effective attack pattern of Kendo for the use of effective training through Hive. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The qualified three referees of Kendo competition analyze a video image of a real contest to extract the attack pattern, and store the extracted data in a database by pattern and in HDFS through the classification process. After purifying the stored data through the Mapping and Reducing, the results are extracted by using HiveQL, one of the sub-project ecosystems of Hadoop. Findings: In this paper, by using Hadoop and analysis tool Hive, a big data analysis system for performance enhancement of Kendo athlete is proposed. Experiment subjects were implemented for one game, but after collecting and purifying the recorded historical data over several years, various types of information will be collected. For example, many types of information can be collected such as changes in the age-specific, player-specific pattern, the contextual pattern, and so on by using such information effectively. Then, it may provide a pattern of the Kendo training. Improvements/Applications: In the future research, the methods of collecting data by image analysis techniques and the coaching environment for research and Kendo training should be studied continuously.


The recrystallization kinetics of the cold rolled nickel during isothermal heating was investigated by means of the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) theory. The samples were cold rolled over a range of deformation strains (0.25 to 1.2) and isothermally annealed at the temperature range of 623 K to 823 K. It was found that the JMAK exponent varied between 1.1 and 3.8 in the deformation and temperature range of the investigation, indicating the time dependence of the nucleation and growth rate in the recrystallization process. The finite element simulation showed that, due to the redundant shear near the sample surface, the fraction recrystallized increased from center to surface and the microstructure was inhomogeneous through the sample thickness. The microstructure distribution was more homogenous at lower deformation strains and at higher annealing temperatures. The metallographic examinations as well as the hardness measurements confirmed the simulation results. The compression test results showed that the work hardening behavior of nickel is linear. Furthermore, the yield stress decreased while the work hardening slope increased with increasing the annealing time.


This research aims to investigate the potentials of whistleblowing in village fund administration of a village with the previous case of fund misappropriation, namely Popongan Village in Bringin Sub District, Semarang Regency. We interview the village officials and community leaders as our respondents to generate our data. Our results show that village officials will find it difficult to report village fund fraud when their colleague is the perpetrator.  They experience an ethical dilemma. Our findings also indicate that community leaders are much willing to report any fraud because of their professional commitment to managing village fund.


A new approach to the quark potential model, the Composite Particle Representation Theory (CPRT), is introduced. The result of baryon spectra is presented to show the validity of applying this method to the quark physics. In this calculation, a baryon is able to be treated as one boson (diaquark) plus one quark system with quark-diquark effective interaction obtained from the original quark-quark interaction. The predicted baryon masses for the ground and first excited states are in good agreement with observations, and with no further adjustment of the 8 parameters in the qucark-quark effective interaction, which are determined by fitting the meson spectrum. These results suggest that the CPRT approach may be a powerful one for dealing with hadronic structure and scatterincg problems. Possible applications of this method in quark physics are discussed.


SUSPENSIONS biocompatible viscoelastic gel FORMED FROM A polymer gel, preferably a hyaluronan or a derivative thereof AS Hilano INCREASED in an aqueous medium and a phase SMOOTH IS A SOLUTION AQUEOUS a polymer which can be too, but not necessarily a hyaluronan or derivative thereof. Also disclosed methods for forming such suspensions, manage their rheological properties and uses.


The article is devoted to the detailed description of the Ukrainian components of translation which have no equivalents and present close connection with the original. The material for the analysis was Mykhailo Stelmakh's stories "The geese are flying" and "The holy supper" and its translation into Russian. The overcoming of language barrier in the translation mainly lies in the creative encoding of the words with expressive ethnocultural colouring. Therefore, the original components, that have no equivalents in any translation, are a justifiable and natural phenomenon. In the translations of close related Slavic languages the possibilities of encoding such units are much bigger than in case with unrelated languages. The following formations, which cannot be translated, have been researched: anthroponyms, words-realities (historical, everyday), pseudorealities, idioms, proverbs, definite word forms and grammatical units. It is shown, that the major ways of reproduction of specific Ukrainian components in this Russian translation are transcription and transliteration, modelling words and constructions after foreign patterns, and also using the quotations from the original language.

Key words: theory of translation, artistic translation, a component without an equivalent, encoding, modelling words and constructions after foreign patterns.

References


......................................................................................................................3 DEFINITION OF TERMS ....................................................................................................4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .......................................................................6 TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................7 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ 12 LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. 12 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTIONS ........................................................................................ 13 1.


The Revolution means that the essential part of the community enters an effervescent political phase, that is to say self-instituting. The collective imaginary is mobilized against the established powers. The present privatisation, the general apathy make the idea of revolution still up to date. Those who deny it theorize the end of history.


This study examines strategies for improving the work attitude and mental health of airlines' "problem employees". Based on a review of previous studies, five different handling methods for problem employees were derived: (1) duty assignment according to ability, (2) confidence beliefs, (3) managerial coaching, (4) human understanding, and (5) mentor system. The study hypothesized that these five approaches influence employees' work attitudes, mental health, and job performance. To verify these hypotheses, empirical data were collected from 200 airline crew members. The analysis found that only three of the "five different handling methods of problem employees" positively influence job attitudes, mental health, and job performance: (1) duty assignment according to ability, (2) confidence beliefs, and (3) mentor system. In contrast, managerial coaching negatively impacted outcome variables. The study also found that the current handling approaches implemented in the industry have positive and negative outcomes on problem employees. Therefore, airline companies need to manage problem staff based on the findings of this study. Particularly, when conducting managerial coaching, supervisors should check employees' work attitude change status. Research implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.


In this paper, we proposed a multiresolution thinning algorithm based on multiscale method for binary image. This multiresolution thinning algorithm has small amounl calcalation, good anti noise function and convenient for hard ware working. The results showed that, this method can overcome the deficiency of traditional thinning algorithm and provided a new way to handle the binary image affected by strong noise.


Parallel Patterns of Shrinking Cities and Urban GrowthSpatial Planning and Climate ChangeSpatial Planning and Fiscal Impact AnalysisCentral America: Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development in Central America (ODETCA)Spatial Planning and Urban Development in the New EU Member StatesLinks Between the Sustainable Development of Tourism and Regional Spatial PlanningTown and Country Planning in the UKLand Use and Spatial PlanningGreen City Planning and Practices in Asian CitiesGendered Approaches to Spatial Development in EuropeRegional Development and Spatial Planning in an Enlarged European UnionGIS in Sustainable Urban Planning and Management (Open Access)Regions, Spatial Strategies and Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Urban Development Volume 1Spatial planning and sustainable development policy in FranceSpatial Planning and Sustainable DevelopmentUrban and Regional Planning and DevelopmentSpatial Planning and GovernanceLandscape Heritage, Spatial Planning and Sustainable DevelopmentGoverning for Sustainable Urban DevelopmentThe New Spatial PlanningUrban Environmental PlanningInstitutional and Social Innovation for Sustainable Urban DevelopmentSustainable Urban PlanningGIS for Sustainable DevelopmentCross-border Governance and Sustainable Spatial DevelopmentSpatial Planning, Urban Form and Sustainable TransportGIS in Sustainable Urban Planning and ManagementTerritory, Identity and Spatial PlanningAn Overview of Urban and Regional PlanningSustainable Development Goals Connectivity DilemmaCity of Well-beingSustainable Development and Planning IIISpatial Planning for a Sustainable SingaporeSpatial Planning Systems and Practices in EuropeRegional Planning and Sustainable DevelopmentParallel Patterns of Shrinking Cities and Urban GrowthThe Proceedings of International Conference 2015 on Spatial Planning and Sustainable DevelopmentPlanning Support Systems for Sustainable Urban DevelopmentSpatial Planning and Urban Development in the New EU Member States This book explores the extent to which gendered approaches are evident and effective in spatial development in selected European countries. Beginning with an introduction to theories and concepts of gender, space and development, the book includes a brief historical review of gender in spatial planning and development throughout Europe in general, and an overview of different national frameworks in European countries, comparing legal, organisational and cultural similarities and differences. This is followed by a critical reflection on how simplifications and stereotypes of gender concepts are used in the practice of spatial development. The main part of the book offers a transnational discussion of planning practices on selected thematic topics. It starts with gender-sensitivity in urban master planning and at neighbourhood level referring to different types of planning manuals. Furthermore, the book focuses on gender-sensitive evaluation in urban planning as well as international agendas for sustainable development as a framework for a new generation of gender equality policies. The chapter authors assert that climate change, migration and austerity have threatened gender equality and therefore spatial development needs to be especially alert to gender dimensions. The editors end with an outlook and suggestions for further action and research on gender issues in spatial development. With inputs from some of Europe's leading thinkers on gender, space and development, this volume is designed to inspire students, scholars and practitioners to reflect upon the contribution that gendered approaches can make in the various fields of spatial development and environmental planning.Accession to the EU in May 2004 was a historic milestone for the spatial and urban development of the new member states. Meanwhile, the social and economic transition during the pre-accession phase already brought about radical changes in national urban systems and new challenges for regional development. In this edited volume, a carefully selected and specially commissioned set of articles, written by experts from both the new and the old EU member states, presents a comprehensive assessment of emerging political and planning solutions at local, regional, national and EU levels. Topics include brownfield redevelopment in the Czech Republic, urban sprawl in Hungary, the upgrading and integration of marginalized Roma settlements in Eastern Slovakia and sustainable coastal management in Cyprus.This book analyses and provides an insight to Singapore's planning system and practices associated with sustainable development. It takes a reflective approach in reviewing the direction, impact and significance of sustainable development in Singapore planning and the future challenges facing the city-state, which is often looked upon by many developing countries as a model.Spatial planning, strongly advocated by government and the profession, is intended to be more holistic, more strategic, more inclusive, more integrative and more attuned to sustainable development than previous approaches. In what the authors refer to as the New Spatial Planning, there is a fairly rapidly evolving maturity and sophistication in how strategies are developed and produced. Crucially, the authors argue that the reworked boundaries of spatial planning means that to understand it we need to look as much outside the formal system of practices of 'planning' as within it. Using a rich empirical resource base, this book takes a critical look at recent practices to see whether the new spatial planning is having the kinds of impacts its advocates would wish. Contributing to theoretical debates in planning, state restructuring and governance, it also outlines and critiques the contemporary


The present work is the result of a project that has been carried out in the E.E.M. OlímpioSampaio da Silva, located in the municipality of Uruoca-Ce. In the construction of thisresearch we consider works carried out to be presented in the "Ceará Científico", ScienceFair that takes place annually in Camocim-Ce, organized by SEDUC / CE, aiming atdynamizing the classes and avoiding the monotony of the use traditional methods.


Land degradation due to soil erosion is the major problem facing Ethiopia today. In the Lake Alemaya catchment soil erosion is caused by the intense rainfall, steep topography, and poor vegetation cover coupled with cultivation of steep lands, and inadequate conservation practices. Sediment from the catchment has affected the storage capacity of Lake Alemaya. This study has integrated the Agricultural Non‐point Source Pollution Model (AGNPS) and the technique of the Gographic Information System (GIS) to quantify soil erosion in the Lake Alemaya catchment. After application of the AGNPS, it appears that 66 per cent of the catchment has a soil erosion rate of 10 to more than 80 t ha−1 y−1. The annual soil loss is estimated at 31 t ha−1, which is more than the permissible value of 1–16 t ha−1 for different agro‐ecological zones of Ethiopia. The sediment yield of the catchment is about 10 148 ton with a delivery ratio of 6·82 per cent. Therefore, an effective management plan is needed for the conservation and rehabilitation of the catchment and to maintain the storage capacity of Lake Alemaya. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The term "vertical gardening" is self-explanatory. Vertical gardens, also known as green walls are contemporary forms of gardening. The increase in the urban living and lifestyle has raised the number of apartments in India. This has led to the encroachment of spaces all over the city. For a person who is a nature lover, it is very difficult to have their own garden especially when they are residing in an apartment. Perhaps, they need not lose hope as a vertical garden can let you indulge in gardening and your love towards gardening. You can attain this by cultivating a vertical garden in your apartment balconies or any other appropriate place. This will help create green walls in limited space of your apartment. A vertical garden will give your home a chic look by acting as an elegant home decor as well as it freshens up the air. They can be classically minimal or overgrown based on your preference. Vertical gardens can be mounted on walls using different suitable mediums like bags, pouches, water bottles, plastic containers, fabrics and so on. These gardens can be used to block unpleasant sights or penetrating sunlight in your apartment. With the popularity and versatility of vertical gardening systems, there are now several designs of green-walls on the market for both aesthetic and productive gardens. It's important to have an understanding of the strengths of each system so you can create the effect you are after, not only for the weeks after installation but in the years to come. A vertical garden performs environmental magic while hiding ugly walls or providing the whole family with an abundance of fresh food but they need to be easy to install and even easier to maintain. They add height to horizontal gardens, making them more visually thought provoking.


In this talk a brief review of several problems involving systems with strangeness is made. In the first place one shows how the Λ(1405), Λ(1670) and Σ(1620) states, for S = −1, and the Ξ(1620) for S = −2 are generated dynamically in the context of unitarized chiral perturbation theory. The results for the ¯ KN interaction are then used to evaluate the K − d scattering length. Results obtained for the kaon selfenergy in a nuclear medium within this approach, with application to K − atoms, are also mentioned. Finally a few words are said about recent developments in the weak decay of Λ hypernuclei and the puzzle of the Γn/Γp ratio. 1 Spectra of low lying strange baryons The combination of unitary techniques together with chiral dynamics of meson and baryon systems already used in [1] and [2] to study low-energy K − N scattering , has reached a certain maturity, it has been made more systematic and it has also been applied to the study of a large variety of physical processes [3]. The idea behind this work is the use of the unitarity constraints in coupled channels, which provide the imaginary part of the inverse of the scattering T matrix. From there, by means of dispersion relations, or equivalent techniques, one can construct the whole T matrix. In the strangeness S = −1 sector the N/D, or dispersion relation method has been applied in [4] with the result that the T matrix in coupled channels can be written as T = [1 − V G] −1 V (1)


The major problem of this study is to reveal how the social construction of powerful women to fight against criminal acts is reflected in Philip Noyce Jane Salt. The objective of this study is to analyze the movie based on its structural elements and a feminist approach. In analysis, the writer uses qualitative method. The object of the study is Philip Noyce Salt released in 2010 in the United State of America. The data sources consist of primary and secondary data sources. The primary data source is Salt movie itself and the secondary data sources are the other sources related to the primary data such as the information about the director's biography, websites, and the historical background of America in the early of twenty first century. The method of the data collection are watching the movie, taking notes the important data, identifying the topic, capturing scene, determining the major character, and the last arranging the data based on category of elements of literature review. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis. The outcome of the study is shown in the following conclusion. First, from
the structural analysis of the movie shows Philip Noyce wants to convey a message that a woman is just as powerful as man is. The second, based on Feminist Approach, this movie contains many facts that are revealed by Philip
Noyce which reflect physical equality, female power and heroism. In this movie, Philip Noyce wants to say that a woman is not a weak person.


The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) consists of approximately 160 m of 5-cell niobium cavities manufactured from high thermal conductivity niobium with residual resistance ratio (RRR) values >250. After an initial six month period of first article manufacturing at a rate of three cavities per month, the full production rate of twelve cavities per month was reached in October 1990. These cavities are chemically treated at CEBAF, assembled into hermetically sealed cavity pairs, and tested in a vertical configuration prior to installation in the accelerator. The performance of all cavities received from the manufacturer and tested at CEBAF has exceeded CABAF's design criteria for Q values >2.4*10/sup 9/ at 2 K and accelerating gradients E/sub acc/ >5, MV/m. Q/sub 0/ values as high as 10/sup 10/ and accelerating gradients of E/sub acc/ 18 MV/m have been achieved.<<ETX>>


This paper deals with a new approach to object-based knowledge mesh (OKM) structure's optimization based on time property. Firstly, the relationships between knowledge points in OKM are discussed, and time properties of knowledge points are given. Then based on the improved immune genetic algorithm, OKM's structure is optimized. Finally, the new approach is exemplified, which shows the method to be feasible and effective.


The United States has used unmanned, aerial vehicles—drones—to launch attacks on militants associated with Al Qaeda and other violent groups based in Pakistan. The goal is to degrade the target's capacity to undertake political and violent action. We assess the effectiveness of drone strikes in achieving this goal, measuring degradation as the capacity of Al Qaeda to generate and disseminate propaganda. Propaganda is a key output of many terrorist organizations and a long-standing priority for Al Qaeda. Unlike other potential measures of terrorist group activity and capacity, propaganda output can be observed and measured. If drone strikes have degraded Al Qaeda, their occurrence should be correlated with a reduction in the organization's propaganda output. The analysis presented here finds little evidence that this is the case. Drone strikes have not impaired Al Qaeda's ability to generate propaganda.