Received 25.11.2015, received in revised form 30.01.2016, accepted 20.02.2016 The theoretical description of the temperature field in the soils during freezing or thawing is carried out using solutions of Stefan's problem. A mathematical model based on the equations of thermal conductivity for frozen and thawed layers. We consider the areas in which there are lakes or bogs. We distinguished the following layers in the vertical structure of the zone of permafrost: thawed soil, frozen soil, water, ice, snow. We offer a simplified numerical algorithm for solving of one-dimensional (in the vertical direction) heat conduction problems with moving boundaries of phase transition with the formation of new and cancellation of existing layers. A simplified numerical algorithm for solving one-dimensional (in the vertical direction) heat conduction problems with moving boundaries of phase transition with the formation of new and cancellation of existing layers is offering.


A second stage stator blade and three sixth stage rotor blades were recovered from the wreckage of an aircraft accident. The stator blade had a nick and this damage was due to rubbing action of another object. Soot had deposited on the rotor blades but not in the regions where the blades
were overlapping . This indicates that the deposition of soot should have occurred after the blades got bent, i.e, after the accident.


Introduction: Organizational professionalism is the set of competencies and behaviors that define professionalism for healthcare organizations. Those organizations have an opportunity to influence the behavior of healthcare workers and managers collectively. The resulting culture could have remarkable effects on patients, staff, and the overall performance and productivity of the organization. This article seeks to explore the concept of organizational professionalism among healthcare managers and administrators, who observe organization-wide practices such as a patient complaint and suggestion system, interaction with patients and their families, and coordination with health professionals on a daily basis, in Ministry of Health and Prevention, in United Arab Emirates.

Method: A quantitative descriptive approach was carried out using Administrators Professionalism Survey (APS). The survey was distributed to n=195, n=89 responded (response rate was 46%).

Results: The majority of participants were female (83%) and Emirati , (76%), administrators (62%), and of middle age (31–40 years, 48%). The average overall agreement across five professional attributes was 76%. The highest score was for patient engagement (84%) and the lowest was response to community needs (71%). Healthcare managers perceived those attributes slightly higher than did administrators, except for certain domains like patient engagement and daily operation. Around one third of participants (26%) suggested that accountability can be cultivated through organization culture.

Conclusion: The perception of organizational professionalism has some variations among administrators who are at leadership positions than none. The author noticed that healthcare managers were more reluctant to agree or were undecided about many statements across all domains. By contrast, administrators were almost sure about their answers and showed more knowledge about daily operations and patient perceptions. Participants defined accountability as part of organizational professionalism as commitment to assigned roles and responsibilities. In addition, they perceived that accountability can be cultivated through leadership. However, they failed to relate accountability to overall hospital roles and responsibilities, which is a required competency for healthcare managers and leadership in the MOHAP.


BACKGROUND
Based on registries, the European experience has been that <50% of patients are treated according to protocols and/or benefit from the minimum required surgery for ovarian cancer. The French Cancer Plan 2009-2013 considers the definition of qualitative indicators in ovarian cancer surgery in France. This endeavour was undertaken by the French Society of Gynaecologic Oncology (SFOG) in partnership with the French National College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and all concerned learned societies in a multidisciplinary mindset.

METHODS
The quality indicators for the initial management of patients with ovarian cancer were based on the standards of practice determined from scientific evidence or expert consensus.

RESULTS
The indicators were divided into structural indicators, including material (equipment), human (number and qualification of staff), and organizational resources, process indicators, and outcome indicators.

CONCLUSIONS
The enforcement of a quality assurance programme in any country would undoubtedly promote improvement in the quality of care for ovarian cancer patients and would result in a dramatic positive impact on their survival. Such a policy is not only beneficial to the patient, but is also profitable for the healthcare system.


The mechanism of the •OH-induced oxidation of N,S-diacetyl-l-cysteine ethyl ester (SNACET) was investigated in aqueous solutions using pulse radiolysis and steady-state γ-radiolysis combined with chromatographic and ESR techniques. The reaction of hydroxyl radicals with SNACET at slightly acidic to neutral pH results in the degradation into acetaldehyde. The underlying mechanism involves a very fast fragmentation of an initially formed hydroxysulfuranyl radical (kfragm ≥ 7.9 × 107 s-1) into acyl radicals (H3C−CO•) and the respective sulfenic acid (RSOH). Subsequently, these intermediates react via a hydrogen abstraction reaction that yields acetaldehyde and the respective sulfinyl radical (RSO•). In contrast, in very acidic solutions (pH S•+) which absorbs at λmax = 420 nm. This intermediate is formed with the absolute bimolecular rate constant k = 3.9 × 109 M-1 s-1. It decays in a SNACET concentration ...


According to the data about annual average air pollution and the main crop yield between 1997 and 2013 in Wuhan City, we studied the impact of crop production on the air quality in Wuhan City. The results showed grains production's increase will increase annual average nitrogen dioxide in the air. Increase of oil production will reduce annual average nitrogen dioxide in the air. In addition, increases of emissions of industrial dust and soot will raise the annual average particulate matter in the air. Increase of emissions of industrial nitrogen oxides will augment the annual average nitrogen dioxide in the air.


In order to improve the convenience and health of the elderly, this paper designs a new wearable fall detection alarm insole. The overall scheme and detailed module design of the system are described in detail. The experimental results show that the designed insole has good warning performance.


This article will provide the readers with a full and accurate section about Naonao. Also, it will point out thatNaonao took an important roll in the developing course of calligraphical art. The man from the Northwest district became abrilliant star in Chinese calligraphy history with his bold and unconstrained character bring out new connotation and peculiarityafter he worked on the calligraphy, one kind of the traditional art in Zhongyuan area.


One of the factors of great influence on the agronomic performance of corn plants is their population arrangement. In this respect, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant arrangement and genetic divergence in different corn genotypes. The study was conducted in the county of Mineiros-GO, Brazil. The soil is Quartzarenic Neosol (Entisol). The experimental design used was in random blocks in factorial 8x2, totaling 16 treatments corresponding to 8 corn genotypes (A8740, A8088, DKB290, DKB390, DKB177, P30F35, P30S31 and P3707) and 2 spacing between lines (0.45 m and 0.90 m), 4 repetitions. The soil preparation was done in the no-tillage system. At the end of the experiment, biometric and productivity variables were measured and analyzed using Softwares R and Genes. The analysis of variance revealed significance in the simple and main effects. Genetic divergence and the effect of plant arrangement on corn genotypes were observed, where the variables plant height, stem diameter and the thousand grain mass were the main characteristics that influenced yield. Among the analyzed genotypes, the growing of genetic material DKB390 is recommended in rows spaced at 0.45 or 0.90 m, as it has plants with ears of greater number of grains, thousand grain mass and yield, demonstrating its plasticity in adaptation to the proposed systems.


Sheng Congwen is a brilliant editor for newspaper supplements.He devoted his life to research,emphasized individuation of the supplement,advocated free creation,helped the youth,treated all the manuscripts equally and represented esthetic educational ideologies.These are not only the precious spiritual legacy of Chinese supplement edition but also very enlightening for contemporary editors,and his ideas will be kept forever in the history of Chinese supplement edition.


This essay brings to light an unknown manuscript by Rudyard Kip? ling entitled "Kim O' the 'Rishti," the only extant working draft of his masterpiece Kim. The manuscript text differs dramatically from the published version. Kipling's revisions effect a new understanding of the novel and illuminate his creative process. There are literally hundreds of variants, which can be divided into three major categories. First, Kipling used many Indian words in the manuscript which he later pruned to suit his English and American readers. The second group of variants is stylistic. "Down the green rooted dome" replaced "down the shaded cave greenery"; "spread over the flat earth" replaced "spread over the dusty levels," and so forth. By studying Kipling's numerous stylistic revisions, we can appreciate his craft in paring away his prose, simplifying, making it exact. The third group of variants, the most significant, concerns characterization and is the subject of this paper. My purpose is to show that between draft and published version, Kipling transcended his racism in several ways: he cut casual racist remarks and added sensitive observations, he changed Indian stereotypes, he reduced the spurious grandeur of English characters, he emended episodes to yield egalitarian implications and cut racism out of still other episodes. All of these changes tend to de-emphasize the novel's symbol of the West and worldly values?the Great Game of espionage? in favor of its symbol of the East and spiritual values?the Quest for transcendence.


This report comprises of two parts. Part one is concerned with the numerical studies carried out to assess the possible use of the rudder for LFE stabilisation of a frigate. Part two is a summary of the hard-ware design for the acceleration signal conditioning to be used in LFE control for the sea-trials. See also the following abstract.


Particleboard is a panel product made of wood particles or other lignocellulosic materials added with adhesive then pressed. The development of particleboard manufactured using non wood biomass has become important due to the decreased of wood as main raw material for the particleboard industry. Corn husk (Zea mays L.) and Sembilang bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) are lignocellulosic biomass that has  potential as  renewable materials for hybrid particleboard. The purposes of this study were to determine the suitability, the effect of adhesive type, and particle composition on physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard made of corn husk and Sembilang bamboo particles. The adhesive types used were urea formaldehyde (UF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) with 10 wt% adhesive content and the composition of corn husk : Sembilang bamboo was  set at 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, 0 : 100 (% w/w). The target density of hybrid particleboard was set at 0.80 g/cm3. The boards were manufactured at 130 °C for UF and 150 °C for PF press temperature, 10 minutes and 2.5 MPa for the pressure of the hot press. The results showed that hybrid particleboard properties improved with increasing the amount of Sembilang bamboo particles in the board. Hybrid particleboard properties affected in ascending order were modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB) and screw holding power (SHP). Generally, hybrid particleboard bonded PF adhesive has better properties than bonded UF adhesive. Results indicated that the addition of Sembilang bamboo particles in the mixture resulted in better properties of hybrid particleboard.


We report on developments in scalable high-power and high-brightness direct diode-laser systems for applications in fiber-laser pumping and material processing. A modular diode-laser platform suitable for a highly automated production process is implemented, improving cost-efficiency, repeatability and reliability.


A paint coating system comprising: a substrate; a first paint layer disposed on said substrate and formed from a first composition comprising a first first organoborane decomplexing agent or; and a second layer of paint over said first paint layer and formed from a second composition comprising the other of said first decomplexing agent and said first organoborane; further wherein at least one of said first composition and said second composition comprises a radical polymerizable compound selected from the group of polymerizable monomers, free-radically polymerizable oligomers free radically polymerizable polymers by free radicals, and combinations thereof; and wherein said first decomplexing agent decomplexed said first organoborane in an interface of said first and second layer of paint to form free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization of said polymerizable compound.


A unitary transformation is found to diagonalize the 6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}6 Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian into two 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3 blocks, making it more efficient to calculate the quantum-well subband structure. Using this formulation we study systematically the strain-dependent coupling between the heavy-hole bands, light-hole bands, and the spin-orbit split-off bands for a strained quantum well and its bulk limit. We show how the strain deforms the constant energy surface in k space and compare the subband structure calculated with and without the split-off bands. Our results clearly demonstrate that the spin-orbit coupling has significant effects on the band structure especially for highly strained quantum wells and, therefore, cannot be ignored.


Introduction. The medicine "Flakozid" with hepatoprotective effect has been developed at the VILAR. The drug is presented in dosage form-tablets of 0.1 g for oral drug administrationAim. To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of "Flakozid" therapy according to clinical laboratory methods, as well as the motility of the gallbladder and bile ducts in patients with diseases of the hepatobiliary system.Materials and methods. The results of clinical studies of "Flakozid" (0.1 g tablets) were analyzed in 99 patients with chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy, conducted in 2 clinical institutions: Perm State Medical University. Academician E. A. Wagner of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Central Research Institute of Gastroenterology. "Flakozid" was prescribed against the background of a therapeutic diet (Table No. 5) of 0.1-0.2 g 3 times a day after meals for 32 days and repeated courses (3-5) for 6-12 months. Analysis of the efficacy and safety of "Flakozid" was carried out on the basis of the results of clinical and laboratory studies: general and biochemical blood analysis, general urinalysis, electrocardiogram. To study the motility of the gallbladder and biliary tract, the method of multifractional duodenal probing was used to determine the functional state of the sphincter apparatus of the gallbladder and biliary tract. In cystic and hepatic bile, its biochemical composition was determined. All patients underwent X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract, liver scanning and hepatography with iodine-131-bengal-roz.Results and discussion. In chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy the use of "Flakozid" orally in daily doses of 0.3-0.6 g for 25-45 days led to an improvement in the General condition of patients, a decrease in pain in the right hypochondrium, a decrease in dyspeptic disorders, and an improvement in appetite. According to cholecystography, the indicators of concentration and contractility of the gallbladder improved. In terms of the severity of the therapeutic effect, "Flakozid" was not inferior to silibor and carsil, and in some indicators (improvement of the motility of the gallbladder and biliary tract) significantly exceeded them.Conclusions. Treatment of "Flakozid" improved functional state of the liver, reducing the syndrome of cytolysis and cholestasis. "Flakozid" is recommended in clinical practice in the complex treatment of diseases of the hepatobiliary system, such as chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy.


Recently, several shaping schemes have been proposed for optical and wireless communications. A shaping technique modifies the distribution of transmit symbols to approximate the capacity achieving input distribution, hence resulting in a shaping gain. In this work, probabilistic and geometric shaping techniques for wireless backhaul channel are evaluated based on their frame error rate performance using soft and hard decision decoding with LDPC codes from the WiMAX and DVB-S2 standards. For soft decision decoding, both probabilistic and geometric shaping methods show significant gain compared to transmission with uniformly distributed symbols. However, when low complexity hard decision decoding is employed, only probabilistic shaping schemes exhibit large gains.


We study the transmission and conductance of a disordered matter wave guide subjected to a finite bias force field. We show that the statistical distribution of transmission takes a universal form. This distribution depends on a single parameter, the system length expressed in a rescaled metrics, which encapsulates all the microscopic features of the medium. Excellent agreement with numerics is found for various models of disorder and bias. For white-noise disorder and a constant force, we find algebraic decay of the transmission with distance, irrespective of the value of the force. The observability of these effects in ultracold atomic gases is discussed, taking into account specific features, such as finite-range disorder correlations, inhomogeneous forces, and finite temperatures.


V-loaded anatase materials with V/Ti molar ratios in the range 0.02−0.06 have been prepared by a sol−gel procedure under inert atmosphere. Combining macroscopic (XRD, TEM, and BET) and spectroscopic (XPS, Raman, ESR, and 51V NMR) techniques, we show that most of the V species are incorporated within the anatase bulk (amount of surface V species below the sensitivity limit of XPS, i.e., lower than 0.5−1 at. %). As revealed by XPS and in situ XRD measurements, upon calcination below 600 °C in flowing oxygen, a migration of V species from the anatase bulk toward its surface, associated with a sintering of anatase particles, is induced. Above 600 °C, VxTi1-xO2 rutile solid solutions are formed. The threshold temperature at which anatase particles transform into rutile is affected by the V/Ti molar ratio. Located near 650 ± 50 °C in our experimental conditions for V-free titania, this temperature regularly increases with V loading and can be located at 750 ± 50 °C for a V/Ti molar ratio of 0.06. Furthermore, o...


AIM: To investigate the changes in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression after pioglitazone treatment in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS: A total of 54 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly and averagely divided into 3 groups, named group A, C and I. Group A and C served as SAP model and sham operation group, respectively. The rats in group I were treated with pioglitazone, an agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor. The modified Aho's method was used to reproduce SAP models, and the expression of ICAM-1 in pancreatic tissues was determined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The histological examination revealed obvious necrosis, hemorrhage, as wel1 as inflammatory cell infiltration in pancreatic tissues after SAP model was induced, but the above pathological changes were alleviated in group I. After modeling, the expression of ICAM-1 was persistently increased from the 3 hour. In group A, the expression of ICAM-1 was 0.73 ± 0.27, 0.93 ± 0.41, and 1.36 ± 0.54 at the 3, 6, and 12 hour, respectively, and there was significant difference between those at the 12 and 3 hour (P < 0.05). In group I, ICAM-1 expression was 0.57 ± 0.21, 0.86 ± 0.40, and 0.80 ± 0.53 at the 3, 6, and 12 hour, respectively, and there was marked difference at the 12 hour between group A and I (P < 0.05). ICAM-1 expression was weakly positive in group C, and faded away as the time increased. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 is involved in the inflammatory response of SAP, while pioglitazone can inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 in SAP.


In this paper, we present a model which describes the main elements and aspects of teaching and learning in pharmacy education. We first explore what quality of teaching and learning means. From this information, we concentrate on pedagogical implications to change pharmacy teaching to improve the quality of learning. In the final section, we summarise the importance of developing the pharmacy teaching due to the demands of Bologna process, lifelong learning in working life, and university staff development.


A recent experimental study of a Newtonian drop suspended in a viscoelastic matrix undergoing simple shear displays a transient overshoot in drop deformation which is qualitatively similar to two-dimensional (2D) numerical simulation results. Despite the similarity, an interpretation in light of the 2D result is misleading because the overshoot is absent in the fully three-dimensional (3D) simulation. This motivates a study of regimes where qualitatively different and interesting features such as overshoots in deformation occur for a 2D drop but not for a 3D drop. The influence of viscoelastic "wakes" that emanate from the drop tips is reported. The viscoelastic wakes are larger and of higher magnitude in 3D than in 2D, and lead to more deformation in 3D. During drop evolution, the less deformed drop is found to be aligned more with the flow direction. As the drop-to-matrix viscosity ratio increases from 1 to past 3, drop rotation is promoted, with accompanying retraction when the capillary number is suff...


When the attachments of five legs in a Stewart platform are collinear on one side and coplanar on the other, the platform is said to contain a line-plane subassembly. This paper is devoted to the kinematics analysis of this subassembly paying particular attention to the problem of moving the aforementioned attachments without altering the singularity locus of the platform. It is shown how this is always possible provided that some cross-ratios between lines —defined by points in the plane— are kept equal to other cross-ratios between points in the line. This result leads to two simple motion rules upon which complex changes in the location of the attachments can be performed. These rules have interesting practical consequences as they permit a designer to optimize aspects of a parallel robot containing the analyzed subassembly, such as its manipulability in a given region, without altering its singularity locus.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of tissue conditioner leached out solvent contents on the surface roughness of heat-polymerized acrylic and visible light activated denture base materials. methods: A total of 40 square-shaped specimens (10 x10 x2 mm) were constructed from heat-polymerized acrylic (Ecocryl) (Group A) and visible light cured (Eclipse) resins (Group B); each of which 20). The specimens were further divided into four subgroups (n= 10); Group AІ: Heat cured acrylic resin control group. group aII: Heat cured acrylic resin specimens lined with tissue conditioner material. group bI: Light cured resin control group. group bII: Light cured resin specimens lined with tissue conditioner material. The initial (IRa) and final (FRa) surface roughness measurements were performed by using MarSurfPS1 profilometer after and before application of tissue conditioner on the specimens. The data was collected and statistically analyzed using paired sample t -test and independent t -test at the significance level of (α = 0.05). Results: There were a significant difference in surface roughness between group AI and AII (p<0.05). A significance difference was also found between group BI and BII (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between group AII and BII (p>0.05). Conclusions: The polished surface of the denture base material has changed with the using of tissue conditioner. The heat cured acrylic resin which used as denture base material was more resistant to solvent contents of tissue conditioner than visible light cured resin.


This paper focuses on robust estimation for varying coefficient partially functional linear regression model (VCPFLM) without specification of the error distributions. The proposed estimators of th...


Two methods (Langer's method and a Green's function technique) for calculating the electric field near the perturbed reflection layer of an electromagnetic wave propagating along the magnetic field in a polar ionosphere (k ∥ B0 ∥ ∇n0) are compared. Perturbations on the zero order density profile are modelled by localized Gaussians whose depth and extent along the geomagnetic field can be varied. The Green's function technique is found to be useful when short scale length perturbations are present, but is limited by its domain of convergence and numerical efficiency. Comparison to the convergent Green's function technique shows inaccuracies in the Langer method for perturbations whose normalized spatial extent is small in relation to its normalized depth. Results are presented of phase shifts due to short scale density cavities, as may arise from ponderomotive forces due to electrostatic waves. These results delineate the sensitivity required by experiments that use phase shift measurements as a diagnostic tool. The Langer method is used to calculate the electric field for long-scale cavities typical of ohmic heating modifications.


Low-gravity, high-viscosity oil occurring in discontinuous sandstone bodies is present at shallow depths in at least 21 western Missouri counties. Asphaltic sandstones extend vertically from lower Cherokee in Barton and Vernon Counties to upper Pleasanton in Lafayette and Carroll Counties. Since 1950 interest in asphaltic sandstone ("tar sand") deposits has kept pace with development of thermal recovery techniques and demand for reserves. Pilot thermal recovery projects in Vernon and Cass Counties have produced a composite oil product of 15°-26° API gravity compared with 10° or less API gravity for the original reservoir oil. A north-south cross section shows a change form recoverable oil of 24°-28° API at depth in the northern parts of the area to the highly viscous, low-gravity oil in the southern parts where the reservoir rocks are approaching the outcrops. Other cross sections show the discontinuous nature of the sandstone bodies. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1686------------


The study attempts to find out the usage of e-resources of various publishers available under UGCINFONET by the academic  community of Manipur University during 2007 and 2008. The study reveals that while there is an increase in the usage of the resources of most of the publishers in spite of certain problems of accessibility, resources of some of the publishers were  underutilised. Though the study does not investigate the usage of individual journal covered by each publisher, yet an average of downloads of each publisher based upon the coverage has been worked out and presented. The study suggests that there is a need to find out usage of individual product of the publisher in view of the findings that the larger the coverage least is the use.http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.29.274


A set of photoelectric detectors for airborne measurements of the photolysis frequency of NO2, i.e., JNO2, was developed and integrated aboard the research aircraft Hercules C‐130 operated by the U.K. Meteorological Office. The instrument consists of two separate sensors, each of which provides an isotropic response over a solid angle of 2π steradian (sr). The sensors are mounted on top and below the aircraft, respectively, to obtain a field of view of 4π sr, and permit the discrimination of the upwelling and downwelling components of the actinic flux. From experimental tests and model calculations it is demonstrated that small differences between the spectral sensitivity of the sensors and the spectral response of JNO2 can lead to significant errors in the determination of JNO2, especially under cloudy conditions. We present correction factors for clear sky conditions and suggest the use of a new filter combination in the sensors which requires only small corrections and provides acceptable accuracy, even under cloudy conditions. A climatology of JNO2 values is presented from a series of flights made in 1993 at latitudes of 36°–59°N. For clear sky conditions and solar zenith angles of 33°–35°, JNO2 was 8.3 × 10−3 s−1 at sea level and increased with altitude to values of 13 × 10−3 s−1 at 7.5 km altitude. Above clouds, JNO2 reached maximum values of 24 × 10−3 s−1, and peak values of 29 × 10−3 s−1 were observed for very short periods in the uppermost layers of clouds. Enhancement of the actinic flux due to light scattered from clouds was also observed at altitudes below 0.5 km. Comparison of the clear sky data with predictions from different radiative transfer models reveals the best agreement for models of higher angular resolution. The Delta Eddington method underpredicts the measurements significantly, whereas the JNO2 values predicted by the discrete ordinate method and multidirectional model are only about 5% smaller than our measurements, a difference that is within the experimental uncertainties.


The lack of dc fault clearance capability is a major obstacle that restricts the development of high-voltage direct current (HVdc) systems. Employing an active mechanical dc circuit breaker (M-DCCB) is an effective method to handle the dc fault. However, the existing active M-DCCBs can interrupt the fault current once but have problems in making the second interruption instantly in case of reclosing a permanent dc fault. In this paper, a novel topology of the active M-DCCB is proposed by inserting a precharged capacitor into a bridge formed by four spark gap switches. The operating strategy for the proposed M-DCCB is discussed to handle the dc faults. Its parameters, including the oscillation inductor and the oscillation capacitor, are determined by inequations derived from the requirements of dc fault interruption. The selection standard for the spark gap switch is set based on its breakdown characteristics. Finally, simulations are conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed M-DCCB. Results show that the capacitor can accumulate a sufficiently large reverse charge voltage automatically charged by the fault current. The proposed active M-DCCB topology and the dc fault handling strategy can interrupt the dc fault in HVdc power systems consecutively.


To assess the credibility of information given in an oral statement is a challenging subject. To assess the credibility of someone's claimed sexual orientation is even more demanding. Nonetheless, migration courts are put in a position where they are required to master these challenges. For an asylum application to be successful claimants must show that their fear of persecution is based on a convention ground. Actual or perceived sexual orientation can be one of those grounds. The courts are consequently required to draw conclusions on whether the claimant has made it "likely" that he or she has a certain sexual orientation or that he or she is perceived to have a certain sexual orientation. However, it has proved difficult for the asylum seeker to acquire evidence to prove this claim. As a result, the credibility assessment will in most cases be based solely on the applicant's oral statement. In these situations, it is of utmost importance that the courts do not base its assessments on prejudice or stereotypes. To keep this from happening decision makers need to maintain an objective approach where conclusions are drawn from objective experience and reasoned knowledge. Guidelines have also been provided. General guidelines are available for credibility assessments within the asylum system, and special guidelines have been developed for the investigation of sexual orientations. According to these guidelines the assessment of credibility in sexual orientation claims needs to be undertaken in an individualized and sensitive way where exploring elements around the applicant's personal perceptions, feelings and experiences of difference, stigma and shame are deemed more likely to help the decision maker ascertain the applicant's sexual orientation rather than a focus on sexual practices.

This paper shows that the Swedish migration courts take greater account of the applicant's sexual identity than sexual practice when assessing the credibility of a claimed sexuality. However, the focus on sexual identity has not proved unproblematic. The outcomes of this paper show that it seems to be a tendency of the migration courts to assume that there are certain qualities that one can expect in a sexual orientation claim. Yet, research shows that these finding lack empirical support. In fact, there is little empirical support to show that it is objectively possible to determine someone's sexual identity. It is therefore questioned if the evidentiary assessments are in compliance with the rule of law. Additionally, it appears that there are dangers attached to an excessive focus on the "authenticity" of someone's sexual orientation. Such a focus may overlook the main theme in refugee determinations, which is the question of well-founded fear of persecution. It is suggested that greater attention should be aimed at assessing the main theme of well-founded fear of persecution. To do so, greater attention should be aimed at investigating perceived sexual orientation, or perceived associations with those who challenge heteronormativity, rather than assessing the "authenticity" of someone's sexuality.


Electrostatic energy analysis has been performed on the products of collisions of up to 200 eV (lab) UF−6 ions with Ar, Xe, SF6, and UF6. Negative ions of UF6 containing internal excitation energy up to ∼5 eV have been observed and their distributions as functions of scattering angle and internal excitation recorded. The behavior of the fragment ions F− and UF−5 was investigated and found to be in accord with a simple statistical model of the collision dynamics.


This paper provides an update on the status of IEEE P1526,"Recommended Practice for Testing the Performance of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems". In January 2003 it passed a ballot initiative with 91% affirmative votes. IEEE P1526 provides test methods and procedures to determine the performance of stand-alone PV systems.


With regard to the trend of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Treponema Pallidum Particle Agglutination (TPPA) titres over time in our cohort, no significant changes in CSF TPPA titres …


IN 1991, Arnold Schwarzenegger starred in a movie sequel that was a huge commercial success, grossing more than US$490 million worldwide. Whether you like the genre or not, the movie was also noteworthy for having launched a novel cinematographic technique known as 'morphing'–metamorphosing one thing (or person) into another.

Also in 1991, an article on the pitfalls of arbitrating in Japan was published,2 which, not unlike Schwarzenegger at the end of The Terminator, promised a future article describing a 'mini-trial' in Japan. This is that article–and more, as there have been a number of interesting developments in the nearly two-year interim, some of which may portend a 'morphing' of international dispute resolution generally, and particularly in Japan.

The premises for this article are that there are certain self-evident truths in today's world of commerce. These include:

1. 'Globalization' is here, expanding and likely to persist;

2. Despite the recent recession, Japan and the U.S. will continue to be important players in the world economy;

3. Business executives like to do 'deals' and do not like litigation;

4. It is inevitable that some percentage of business deals will result in disputes;

5. Litigation is one means for resolving commercial disputes, but the outcome of litigation, especially in the U.S., is far from certain;

6. Business executives prefer certainty but, when that is unavailable, as it is in all dispute resolution methods, they want control.

As environment often contributes to perspective, some personal disclosures are appropriate. The earlier article was based primarily on one long arbitration in Japan. More recent experiences include several disputes between companies in North America and Japan. In some, we have represented the American side; in others, the Japanese side.3 The procedures employed and results obtained in virtually all these cases have been far more satisfactory than the earlier article would have …


This paper proposes a real-time control method of a series-resonant high-frequency linked DC-AC converter and a feedback control method of its output voltage waveform for applications to UPS, AC motor controller, reactive power compensator, and so on.An approximate analysis of the basic series-resonant converter is performed, and then practical equations and an equivalent circuit of the converter are obtained by averaging the modified oscillating current of the resonant circuit, from which a real-time control algorithm of the series-resonant converter as well as the conventional PWM inverters is derived. A feedback control is applied using proposed control algorithm to obtain asingle-phase sinusoidal voltage waveform.Experimental results are presented in the case of linear and nonlinear load to confirm the usefulness of the proposed control algorithm.


Ioni uptake as a funiction of external concentration hlas generally been found to follow a hyperbolic relationship resembling the Freundlich or Langmuir adsorption isotherms in which uptake relative to concentrationldecreases as the external concentration rises (3). Deviations fromii this general rule can be causecl by a variety of circunmstances ancl range from a reported independence of concentration over a wide range for ioIn uptake by rye plants ( 10) to a (lirect proportionality to concentration for uptake of several ions 1y Clhlorella (7). A unique anonmaly in whiclh chloride uptake by potato disks at 00, resenmbled an exponential function of concentration was b)rieflv noted b1 Laties (8) and lhas now been further investigated.


Oxygen-ozone is the mixture of ozone and oxygen.Its effective ingredient is ozone which has powerful oxidative abil- ity and therapeutic action with the form of gas or solution in the aquaefer.The therapeutic mechanisms include three aspects.Firstly, it can perform the double actions of oxidation and oxygenation.Secondly,it can enhance the metabolism of erythrecyte and reduce the friability of the erythroeyte membrane,which are profit for the integrity of the erythrocyte.What,more,ozone can induce the production of numerous cytokines which have the activation and regulation of immunity.Finally,ozone can induce the excessive expression of an- tioxidase which can clear the oxygen free radicals.Application of oxygen-ozone in the pain clinical includes extra-disco and intra- disco.Through extra-disco injection oxygen-ozone performs the actions of anti-inflammation and analgesia,while it can oxidize the proteoglycan and pulpose cell through intra-disco injection.


The single T-septum waveguide is analyzed using the Rayleigh-Ritz-Galerkin technique. The method is a variation of that used by previous groups with reported conflicting results. The results of the analysis agree closely with those of G.G. Mazumder and P.K. Saha (1985) and those of F.J. German and L.S. Riggs (ibid., vol.37, no.5, p.917-9, 1989). >


Michael Wachtel. The Development of Russian Verse: Meter and its Meanings. Cambridge Studies in Russian Literature. Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii + 323 pages. Notes, Bibliography, Index.The classical notion that individual verse metres are destined for particular poetic uses is taken up and renovated in Michael Wachtel's ambitious book. As Joseph Brodsky put it in an essay on Mandelstam: "Meters in themselves are kinds of spiritual magnitudes for which nothing can be substituted. They cannot be replaced even by each other, let alone by free verse." In his translation of "Tristia" into English iambic pentameter Brodsky demonstrated, perhaps inadvertently, that these "spiritual magnitudes" do not necessarily survive translation from one language to another even when the metre is scrupulously reproduced.Wachtel argues that particular metres acquire indelible thematic associations that recur in subsequent uses of the form. Part of what makes metres distinctive is the accumulated tradition of poems that have employed them. As Wachtel points out, Russian poets have always expected their readers to hear and understand the historical echoes of the metrical tradition they work within. Anyone who has read widely in a poetic tradition will find these assertions unarguable, and the extent to which the author labours his point may reflect the fact that the book began life as teaching materials for a graduate seminar. Wachtel's introduction gives several astute examples, including parodies and limericks, of the ways in which metres can acquire thematic reminiscences in an experienced reader's mind.In tracing the "semantic aura" around verse metres Wachtel owes a large and generously acknowledged debt to the work of Mikhail Gasparov, Kiril Taranovskii and others, although for the purposes of a teaching book he has sensibly narrowed his focus to representative poems in five forms that have quite distinct profiles.Pushkin's "Chernaia shal" ("The Black Shawl"), inspired by Zhukovsky's version of Uhland's "Revenge," is seen as the direct source of a series of ballad-like poems in amphibrachic tetrameter couplets with masculine rhyme in which recur motifs of passionate love, betrayal, and revenge. Despite the contending influences of other German ballads, Pushkin's version became canonical, and Wachtel convincingly traces its influence through Aksakov, Del'vig, Lermontov, and finds it still detectable in Akhmatova's "Seroglazyi korol" ("Grey-eyed King"), even though by this time amphibrachs have been replaced by dactyls. Not surprisingly, the distinctly melodramatic original gave rise to parodies as well, which may work even better than "serious" poems to fix thematic associations. So pungent was the original example that we find whiffs of it even in Kruchenykh's "Razboinik Van'ka Kain" and even more recently in Dmitri Prigov.A chapter on "the blank verse lyric" considers the influence of Pushkin's "...vnov' ia posetil" on subsequent meditations in iambic pentameter blank verse. Sidestepping the question of blank verse in dramatic writing, Wachtel makes a good case that an entire tradition has arisen from Pushkin's example. No one familiar with the powerful original would be surprised to learn that it has left an indelible imprint on subsequent works in the form, as Wachtel demonstrates with examples from Apollon Grigoriev, Blok, Gumilev, Khodasevich and Brodsky, the emigres Dovid Knut and Vera Bulich, and concluding with Akhmatova's "Severnye elegii." Among the persistent motifs are a return (figurative or literal) to a home or building, and a meditation on time passing and the change of generations. Wachtel's perceptive and informed readings of these poems are the best part of the book. At certain points one wonders why he goes to such lengths to avoid the word "elegiac," which encapsulates handily certain features and tonalities of these blank verse "lyrics," but he may be trying to avoid muddying the terminological waters of a later chapter on the elegiac couplet. …


BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare the I-Gel and Classic LMA (CLMA) in elective surgeries with regard to ease and success rate of insertion, time of insertion, airway sealing pressure and associated complication. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective randomised study, 60 adult patients of ASA I-II of either gender between 18 and 60 years presenting for a short surgical procedure under general anaesthesia using either I-Gel or CLMA. An experienced anaesthesiologist inserted appropriate sized I-Gel or CLMA in patients using standard insertion technique and assessed the intraoperative findings of the study regarding time taken for respective device insertion, effective seal and complications were done. RESULTS There were no significant differences in demographic and haemodynamic data. Ease of insertion and success rate were comparable. No significant difference in both devices (P > 0.05) (Chi-square test). The mean time for insertion was more with CLMA (25.623±5.28 sec) than with I-Gel (16.80±3.336 sec) (P < 0.05). Although, the airway sealing pressure was significantly higher with I-Gel (26.07±3.073 cm of H2O), the airway sealing pressure of CLMA (19.70±2.10 cm of H2O) was very well within normal limit (Student's 't' test). Incidence of complications were comparable. CONCLUSION I-Gel is a supraglottic device with acceptable airway sealing pressure, easier to insert and less sore throat incidence. Hence, IGel can be a good alternative to CLMA.


this procedure is likely to be so highly theoretical, as to offer very few certainly-correct vocalised forms. However, Zeidler can glean at least a few clues also from the varying orthography of Egyptian in particular contexts. D. Kurth and S. RuÈter report on the Edfu temple translation and vocabulary project, and what would be desirable in a dictionary such as a new WoÈrterbuch. (iii) Wider aspects. Here belong the papers by O. Goldwasser on colloquial and formal elements in Egyptian under the Ramessides; by J. Tubach on loanwords in works as translated from another culture, exemplifying this theme from Greek loanwords in Coptic texts of Manichaean origin. Finally, R. Voigt looks at linguistic comparisons in Egyptian and Semitic (cognates, not loanwords), and H. Satzinger likewise at comparisons made between Egyptian and Afro-Asiatic. As will be evident, a massive amount of time and energy has been invested in computerised handling of Egyptian linguistic data by Egyptologists, and not only for a new form of the venerable WoÈrterbuch. It is all too easy to become bewitched by the technology, and to use one's project to ``play'' with its features, rather than adapting these to the needs of projects, and thereby never come to a tangible end-product. However, several participants at least in this volume are clearly conscious of this danger, which might mean that a new WoÈrterbuch may perhaps not be wholly below the horizon of the future. These presentations enable one to see what is going on currently and what is planned, in this ®eld. K. A. Kitchen


Abstract Potentially selective and integrated pest management (IPM)-compatible pesticides for the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton and its parasitoid Ageniaspis citricola Logvinovskaya were compared under nursery field conditions at Gainesville, FL. In 1996, replicated blocks of young grapefruit trees were treated with 2% petroleum oil and 1× the lowest recommended field rate (LRFR) of diflubenzuron + oil (0.4%). Untreated and treated controls (avermectin at 1× the LRFR + oil) were included. In 1997, blocks were treated with oil (3%), 1× the LRFR of azadirachtin + oil, 1× the LRFR of diflubenzuron + oil and 0.1× the LRFR of avermectin + oil. Untreated and treated controls were again included. Oil at 3%, azadirachtin at 1× the LRFR + 0.4% of oil, and diflubenzuron at 1× the LRFR + 0.4% of oil were shown to be IPM-compatible pesticides. In 1997, these blocks had fewer mines per leaf and P. citrella pupae parasitized by A. citricola per total leaves sampled compared with the untreated control but more than the treated control (α = 0.05). Avermectin at 0.1× the LRFR + 0.4% of oil was not considered an IPM-compatible pesticide because, while it reduced the number of P. citrella mines per leaf, it reduced the number of A. citricola to levels as low as the treated control. Actual P. citrella infestation levels had no detectable effect on tree growth and vigor. Pesticide applications were not justified when P. citrella infestations were <1 mine per leaf and the biological control agent A. citricola was present.


The hypothesis in this research is that the end nodes of a short distance link (the distance between the end nodes is significantly smaller than the transmission range per node) in a mobile sensor network (MSN) are more likely to share a significant fraction of their neighbors and such links are more likely to be stable. The author proposes to use Neighborhood Overlap (NOVER), a graph-theoretic metric used in complex network analysis, to effectively quantify the extent of shared neighborhood between the end nodes of a link and thereby the stability of the link. The author's claim is that links with larger NOVER score are more likely to be stable and could be preferred for inclusion while determining stable data gathering trees for MSNs. Through extensive simulations, the author shows that the NOVER-based DG trees are significantly more stable and energy-efficient compared to the DG trees determined using the predicted link expiration time (LET). Unlike the LET approach (currently the best known strategy), the NOVER-based approach could be applied without knowledge about the location and mobility of the nodes.


This article deals with the problems of modern venacular Czech language related to word formation, in particular, to univerbation. The example of univerbs-numerals shows a high degree of polysemy of such formations, which leads to problems in understanding live speech and texts. The author provides a number of recommendations for students that will help them adequately understand texts with univerbs not only in terms of meaning, but also stylistic nuances.


Throughout the 1990s, less than 6% of all breast cancer patients and less than 3% of all adult cancer patients entered clinical trials in the United States. 1 At the same time, a number of well-designed, peer-reviewed clinical trials were accruing patients very slowly. The slow accrual is baffling, but even more concerning is the fact that few have studied the dynamics of clinical trials accrual in any cancer. At first glance, there are a number of reasons why a patient should want to enter a clinical trial. Clinical trials are mechanisms for testing new cancer therapies and for providing opportunities for patients to be exposed to state-ofthe-art treatments. 2 For the eligible patient, a cooperative group clinical trial and many cancer center-sponsored studies offer the patient a second or third opinion, as it is designed by a group of experts and is peer-reviewed. Unlike most cancer therapies, treatment in a clinical trial is given under conditions that are often audited, to assure it was given correctly. In contrast to adults, a high proportion of eligible children under 12 years of age are entered onto pediatric cancer studies. 3


Aiming to build the fractal relation between the topology and performance of the minitype electronic connector with multicore strands press-in connection,this study analyzes plenty of experimental data and finds that the topology of the multicore strand after pressure deformation takes on the fractal characteristic;in addi- tion the dimension of fractal reflects the connecting performance;and with the cores increase,the topology distributing of strands becomes stable and the effect of it on the performance decreases.The work has proved the fractal relation exists in the multicore strand after pressure deformation,and provides a method to the study of the standardization and optimization for the electronic connector with multicore strands press-in con- nection.


The invention discloses a fire coal additive for controlling alkali metal release and a preparation method of the fire coal additive. The additive is prepared by grinding and mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of kaolin, 30-40 parts of sillimanite, 5-10 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of quartz. Release of an alkali metal compound in the pulverized coal combustion process can be effectively controlled by use of the fire coal additive, so that the problems such as soot formation, scorification, wall corrosion and the like of a boiler are reduced, the heat transfer efficiency of the boiler can be improved, the service life of the boiler is prolonged, the production cost is reduced and the economic benefits are improved. In addition, the discharge amount of submicron particulate matters is also reduced by reduction of a gaseous alkali metal compound, the serious environmental problem at present is relieved, the additive is simple in formula, stable in ingredient, innocuous, unpoisonous and easy to store, and various mineral substances are wide in source, cheap and easy to get.


O rashly, as if asserting its claims on the place, the unpretentious shrine to Mir Badshah abuts the side of an imposing bank building in the main bazaar of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, a predominantly Hindu city of about nine hundred thousand?the former capital of an important princely state.1 Mir Badshah seems to have been a local Muslim saint of the nineteenth century, but he has left little historical record, either written or oral. Nevertheless, despite the historical ephemerality of the saint himself, his shrine is very active?visited by local merchants before they open their shops, crowded during weekly performances of the rhythmic Sufi devotional music called qawwali, and taking over much of the bazaar during a five-day annual festival with invited qawwals of national reputation. And crucially for the shrine's success?since only 6 or 7 percent of Gwalior's population is Muslim?the vast majority of its visitors are Hindu.


The Avantis Group was founded in 2004 and is active worldwide with subsidiaries in Asia, the United States/Canada, Brazil and Europe. In addition to the development and production of wind turbines, Avantis also acts as a service provider in the areas of maintenance, support planning, site evaluation and investor relations management. In 2004 Avantis started developing its own control system concept. Five years later the first 2.5 MW turbine was commissioned at Beihai in southern China. After a highly successful test phase, series production started in 2010 in China. The Beihai facility is designed for an annual production capacity of 300 to 400 turbines.


The utility model discloses a prestressed steel pipe concrete pile, comprising an outer steel pipe lined by a concrete inner layer, wherein an end plate with a center hole is provided at the outer side of the end part of the pile; and the end plate is fixedly connected with a steel reinforcement cage extending into the concrete inner layer. The prestressed steel pipe concrete pile has reasonable structure and is based on prestressed concrete pile and steel pile, with good comprehensive mechanical property, high compressive, flexural and tensile load capacitors on pile body, strong anti-beating ability, low cost, simple production and simple application.


Abstract. Dinitrogen fixation is now recognized as one of the major sources of bio-available nitrogen in the ocean. Thus, nitrogen fixation sustains a significant part of the global primary production by providing an input of the most common limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth. Evidences of the Western Tropical South Pacific being a hotspot of nitrogen fixation, and a data coverage complemented by OUTPACE, lead us to develop an explicit nitrogen fixation compartment based on the Trichodesmium physiology (the most studied nitrogen fixer) within a 3D coupled dynamical-biogeochemical model (ROMS-PISCES). We performed a first 20-year tropical Pacific simulation that is able to reproduce the main physical (e.g. Sea Surface Temperature) and biogeochemical conditions (nutrients, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as dinitrogen fixation). This simulation showed a possible Trichodesmium regional distribution that extends from 150° E to 120° W in the south tropical Pacific, and from 120° E to 140° W in the north tropical Pacific. The local simulated maximums were around islands (Hawaii, Fiji, Samoa, New Caledonia, Vanuatu). We assessed that 15 % of the total primary production may be due to Trichodesmium in the Low Nutrient, Low Chlorophyll regions (LNLC). We also argue that implicit parameterization of N 2 fixation (often used in biogeochemical models) leads to underestimate nitrogen fixation rates by about 25% in LNLC regions compared to our explicit formulation. Finally, we showed that iron fluxes from island sediments control the spatial distribution and the abundance of Trichodesmium in the western tropical south Pacific. Noteworthy, this last result does not take into account the iron supply from rivers and hydrothermal sources, which may well be of importance in a region known for its strong precipitation rates and volcanic activity.


Human pulmonary macrophages synthesized and released 5- and 12-HETE. Addition of zymosan particles to macrophage monolayers led to increased formation of these hydroxylated derivatives of arachidonic acid. The ionophore, A23187, not only promoted the synthesis of 5- and 12-HETE, but also stimulated the synthesis of an unidentified arachidonic acid metabolite that did not share the chromatographic characteristics of the classic prostaglandins or monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. These observations indicate that the human pulmonary macrophage is a potential source of lipoxygenase products and could influence those biologic functions mediated by arachidonate metabolites in the human lung.


Scholarly or even serious works on special operations forces are vastly outnumbered by autobiographies and popular histories published to feed a seemingly insatiable public appetite for sensational titles emblazoned with acronyms and insignia of special operations forces such as the British Special Air Service (SAS) or US Navy SEALs. Yet few who read these more numerous 'kill and tell' memoirs and novels may be aware of the complex issues associated with modern special operations forces. Often mistrusted and misunderstood by the executive political authority or senior conventional armed forces officers, US special operations forces in particular have been subjected to rapid expansion, misused, had their utility repeatedly questioned and been marginalized since their establishment during the bleak early years of the Second World War. Two recent works focus on different facets of this under-developed subject: Thomas Adams suggests changes in the organization and outlook of US special operations forces, while Susan Marquis examines how those changes took place.


7053 Background: The mutational profiles are crucial for cancer diagnosis and classification, which lead to tailoring the best therapeutic strategy to each patient. Here, we present target sequenci...


Two copper(II) complexes with five-coordinate Schiff-base ligands derived from acetylacetone and with a N3O2 coordination sphere, namely bis(acetylacetonate)-3-amino-bis(propyldiimine) and bis(acetylacetonate)-3-methylamino-bis(propyldiimine), were entrapped in the interlayers of a pillared layered clay (PILC). A two-step process in the liquid phase was used: (i) adsorption of copper(II) acetylacetonate in the porous structure of the PILC, and (ii) in situ Schiff condensation of the copper(II) precursor complex with the corresponding triamine. The new materials were characterised by chemical analysis, surface techniques (SEM and XPS), X-ray powder diffraction, nitrogen adsorption isotherms and spectroscopic methods (FTIR, UV/Vis). These data indicate conclusively that the CuII complexes are encapsulated in the PILC, and that the entrapped complexes exhibit structural and electronic properties that are different from those of the free complexes. These differences can arise from distortions caused either by steric effects imposed by the structure of pillared clay, or by strong interactions with the matrix.


The relevance of the subject under study is conditioned upon the rapid and active development of the biotechnological area. This segment of the economy and science requires not only comprehensive preliminary work, but also further legal protection of the interests of inventors and society. The development of biotechnologies regulates not only the present, but also the prospects for the future. But it is important to harmonize the use of biological processes to avoid a biological catastrophe. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible legal instruments for limiting the patent-protected powers of subjects of intellectual property law to guarantee biological safety. The following methods were used to collect, process, and present information in this paper: general scientific (formal-logical, analysis and synthesis, comparison, induction and deduction, systematization) and special-legal methods (formal-legal, comparative-legal). This study considered the possibility of limiting the rights granted to the subjects of patenting to guarantee biological safety. International and Ukrainian legislation was analysed in the aspect of patenting biotechnological achievements, compulsory patenting and restrictions on the rights of patenting subjects. The legal nature of biotechnologies as objects of intellectual property rights was identified. Legal measures to restrict the patent-protected powers of subjects of intellectual property rights were highlighted. Attention was drawn to the legal consolidation of the resolution of controversial issues in the field of patenting of biotechnological inventions according to the criteria of ethics and morality. The need to improve the national legislation governing issues of biotechnological research considering the principle of sustainable development, according to which social and ecological aspects should be recognized as a priority, was substantiated. The importance of this study is reinforced by the increased demand for biotechnologies, which leads to certain legal actions related to their protection. The present paper will be useful for scientists in the field of law, medicine, and bioengineering.

https://environmentalscience.com.ua/web/uploads/pdf/LAW. HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT_2023_Vol. 14, No. 1_77-87.pdf


With factor endowment as theoretic basis,this article divides China into three areas,the developed,the medium and the backward,of which 7 provinces will be selected as analysis samples.Meanwhile,we adopt 8 factor endowment indicators,including natural resources endowment,labor endowment of resources,input to technology and capital investment,trade environment,etc to build model of environment protection industry competitive strength.Through stepwise regression method,we conduct optimization convergence to exclude variables with poor relevance and find factor endowment indicators with the most outstanding effect to environment protection industry competitive strength.According to the result of regression analysis and in consideration of these factor endowment conditions and the actual situations of environment protection industry development in China,we have summarized the special phenomenon that the factor endowments have impact on Chinese environment protection industry at the current stage.By analyzing the causes of these phenomena,we conclude high dependence on labor,low technology transformation efficiency and capital-cost efficiency and other real problems.As a result,this paper is important as guidance for targeted improvement of environment protection industry competitive strength in future.


Only one half to two thirds of atherosclerotic vascular diseases can be explained by classical risk factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, family history of premature atherosclerotic vascular diseases, physical inactivity, obesity etc. Some other variables appear to contribute to the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseases which include estrogen deficiency, lipoprotein (a), plasma fibrinogen, plasminogen-activator inhibitor type I, endogenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), C-reactive protein and homocysteine. Over the last several years, investigators undertook extensive research work, in home and abroad, to determine the contribution of plasma homocysteine in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular diseases. So far the research work indicates, raised plasma homocysteine appears to be a potential risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3158 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 87-93


This study aims to reveal one way to strengthen national identity through literature, especially the motifs in people's prose. The problem of this study is the type and motif in the Sundanese prose which can strengthen the nation's identity. Theories used in analyzing data are theories and concepts from the Finnish schools and applying the Thompson motif-index. The method used is the search for Thompson model motives from the Sundanese prose obtained from research informants. The results of this study are some motifs, such as the motif of supernatural powers, the origin of the place, the origins of plants (rice), the origins of the first humans on earth, the motif of angle princess, and the motif of universal Oedipus. This research concludes that the found motifs areseen as motifs that can strengthen the nation's identity.


The main purpose of this paper is to obtain fixed point theorems for R-weak commutativity which generalizes theorem 1 of R.P.Pant (2).


The thermolysis of a heterobimetallic Sn-Co organometallic precursor resulted in the formation of hollow Sn/CoOx nanomaterials through galvanic reaction between metal species. The Sn/CoOx nanohollows with 6.1 nm diameter and ~1.5 nm shell thickness showed excellent lithium storage capacity of up to 857 mA h g(-1) after 30 cycles.


In replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy resources for carbon neutrality, the unbalanced resource production of intermittent wind and photovoltaic (PV) power is a critical issue for peer-to-peer (P2P) power trading. To address this issue, a reinforcement learning (RL) technique is introduced in this paper. For RL, a graph convolutional network (GCN) and a bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network are jointly applied to P2P power trading between nanogrid clusters, based on cooperative game theory. The flexible and reliable DC nanogrid is suitable for integrating renewable energy for a distribution system. Each local nanogrid cluster takes the position of prosumer, focusing on power production and consumption simultaneously. For the power management of nanogrid cluster, multi-objective optimization is applied to each local nanogrid cluster with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Charging/discharging of an electric vehicle (EV) is executed considering the intermittent characteristics of wind and PV power production. RL algorithms, such as GCN- convolutional neural network (CNN) layers for deep Q-learning network (DQN), GCN-LSTM layers for deep recurrent Q-learning network (DRQN), GCN-Bi-LSTM layers for DRQN, and GCN-Bi-LSTM layers for proximal policy optimization (PPO), are used for simulations. Consequently, the cooperative P2P power trading system maximizes the profit by considering the time of use (ToU) tariff-based electricity cost and the system marginal price (SMP), and minimizes the amount of grid power consumption. Power management of nanogrid clusters with P2P power trading is simulated on a distribution test feeder in real time, and the proposed GCN-Bi-LSTM-PPO technique achieving the lowest electricity cost among the RL algorithms used for comparison reduces the electricity cost by 36.7%, averaging over nanogrid clusters.


This paper aims to propose a comprehensive reliability analysis method for electronic products by the combination of EDA (Electronic Design Automatic) software simulation and hardware test. Through hardware tests to the key waveforms of an electronic product's PCB (Printed Circuit Board), the physics model of the concerned module can be modeled with the application of Saber. Then the reliability of circuit schematic level can be analyzed by the worst case circuit analysis technique. On the contrary, the hardware test can verify the correctness of the simulation. Furthermore, the signal integrity and electromagnetic interference of an electronic product's total circuit board can be analyzed with ANSYS software, the reliability of the total circuit board level can be analyzed.


To the Editor.— Regarding the article on "Human Louse Infestation" by Sussman et al that appeared in the July 1969Archives( 100 :82-83). Based on the information presented in the case reports, it would appear that both patients had pediculosis pubis. I believe it would be unusual to have scabies or pediculosis corporis limited to the pubic and/or groin area. In addition, the body louse is very rarely found on the skin as it comes to the body only to feed, maintaining its residence in the clothing. In both case reports, corporis is also incorrectly spelled.


Covalently cross-linked rubbers are indispensable in many important fields due to their unique entropic elasticity. For rubbers cross-linking, the addition of toxic curing agents, release of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and recycling of waste rubber are three important issues. A combination of green curing chemistry and efficient recycling into commercial polyolefin rubbers is of great importance. Herein, we demonstrate a facile and promising way to incorporate dynamic covalent bonds into ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/carbon black (CB) composites. The epoxy-functionalized EPDM (e-EPDM) was prepared using an in situ epoxidation reaction and then cured with biobased decanedioicacid (DA) through the reactions between the epoxy groups in e-EPDM and the carboxylic groups in DA. Because of the existence of exchangeable β-hydroxyl ester, the covalently cross-linked networks in e-EPDM/CB composites were able to rearrange their topological structure at high temperature, endowing the composite...


The article presents the results of study on effective ways to improve the strength of Low clinker slag Portland cement (LCSPC) with having a clinker content of 5-19% with complex sulfate-alkaline and sulfate-alkaline-fluoride activation of slags. The increase of specific surface area of LCSPC led to a significant improvement of the strength and two stage grinding was very effective on increase of grain size of clinkers. The addition of additives such as sodium silicofluoride Na 2 SiF 6 , Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , and MgSO 4 were investigated and results show that Na 2 SiF 6 was effective to improve the strength. The influence of complex sulfate-fluoride and sulfate-fluoride-alkaline activation is investigated. The results obtained shown that a complex sulfate-fluoride-alkaline activation of LCSPC increased significantly the strength of LCSPC by increasing the pH from 10 to 12-13.


Inadequate vegetable consumption is a global public health concern related to numerous health risks. A promising intervention to increase children's vegetable consumption is school gardening, although earlier studies have shown mixed results. This study explores how gardening might contribute to changed attitudes towards eating vegetables from a child's perspective. Findings are based on qualitative research with children in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We reflect on how children enact agency regarding their vegetables. Results show that children report that changes occur in their attitudes towards vegetables as they not only eat more vegetables but also advocate the consumption of vegetables at home.


High‐mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) has important functions in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the mechanisms of HMGB1 function in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of HMGB1‐dependent tumor cell proliferation and NSCLC metastasis. Firstly, we found high HMGB1 expression in NSCLC and showed that HMBG1 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. HMGB1 could bind to SNAI1 promoter and activate the expression of SNAI1. In addition, HMGB1 could transcriptionally regulate the lncRNA RSF1‐IT2. RSF1‐IT2 was found to function as ceRNA, sponging miR‐129‐5p, which targets SNAI1. Notably, HMGB1 was also identified as a target of miR‐129‐5p, which indicates the establishment of a positive feedback loop. Consequently, high expression of RSF1‐IT2 and SNAI1 was found to closely correlate with tumor progression in both HMGB1‐overexpressing xenograft nude mice and patients with NSCLC. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into molecular mechanisms of HMGB1‐dependent tumor metastasis. Components of the HMGB1–RSF1‐IT2–miR‐129‐5p–SNAI1 pathway may have a potential as prognostic and therapeutic targets in NSCLC.


To explore how aggregation increases amphetamine toxicity in mice, the dose of amphetamine fatal to 50% of animals (LD50) and the pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold were determined in isolated and aggregated mice. The LD50 for amphetamine in isolated mice was approximately 125 mg/kg and, except for an occasional animal, all deaths occurred within 2 hours of amphetamine administration. Aggregation increased the toxicity of amphetamine 2 to 5 times over that of the drug in isolated mice. Amphetamine was found to lower the pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in proportion to the dose employed in both isolated and aggregated animals, but the threshold was significantly lower in aggregated than in isolated mice. Prior aggregation for periods longer than 2 hours resulted in some type of adaptation to the social situation which abolished the difference in response of isolated and aggregated mice to pentylenetetrazol.

It is concluded that aggregation in itself significantly lowers pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold. This sums with the threshold-lowering effects of amphetamine to increase markedly the toxicity of amphetamine. It is suggested that the reduction in pentylenetetrazol threshold is related to anxiety or fear induced by the sudden change in the environment of the animal. The significance of this interpretation is discussed.


Cryostat is a low-temperature device that can provide low and constant temperature.In this paper,the design process,the architecture of a kind of small-scale and high precision temperature controlling device which based on the principles of semiconductor refrigeration was discussed.Through optimizing the parameters of this system,the device obtained the ability of thermostat ranging from-40 ℃ to 20 ℃ at room temperature,and the temperature controlling precision was equal to the 0.1 ℃ indexing of the second standard mercury thermometer.When the heat load ranges from 25 mW to 3 W,it is needed no more than ten minutes to reach the setting temperature.


Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an attractive method for clinical detection. A new method called Generalized Back Projection Algorithm (GBPA) is proposed in this paper, which developed from Node Back Projection Algorithm (NBPA). This algorithm extends projection range to aggregate of arbitrary node in the subject. Compared with each other it is indicated the images reconstructed by GBPA contained more information and better characterization following several defined evaluation parameters than those of conventional Back Projection Algorithm (BPA) and NBPA.


The transboundary characteristics and multisectoral factor interaction mechanism of haze pollution have aroused widespread attention but remain understudied. This article proposes a comprehensive conceptual model that clarifies regional haze pollution, further establishes a theoretical framework on a cross‐regional, multisectoral economy–energy–environment (3E) system, and attempts to empirically investigate the spatial effect and interaction mechanism employing a spatial‐econometrics model based on China's province‐level regions. The results demonstrate that (1) regional haze pollution is a transboundary atmospheric state formed by the accumulation and agglomeration of various emission pollutants; moreover, there is a "snowball" effect and a spatial spillover effect. (2) The formation and evolution of haze pollution are driven by the multisectoral factors of 3E system interaction, and the findings still hold after theoretical and empirical analysis and robustness tests. (3) Significant spatial autocorrelation exists for the 3E factors, presenting different clustering modes with a dynamic spatiotemporal evolution, particularly in the high‐high (H‐H) mode and low‐low (L‐L) mode. (4) Significant heterogeneous impacts of economic and energy factors on haze pollution are identified, namely, an inverted "U‐shaped" relationship and a positive linear association, respectively. Further spatial analysis demonstrates a strong spatial spillover and obvious path dependence among local and neighboring regions. Policymakers are advised to consider multisectoral 3E system interaction and cross‐regional collaboration. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1525–1543. © 2023 SETAC


Owing to the advantages of high efficiency, high energy density, electrical isolation, low electromagnetic interference (EMI) and harmonic pollution, magnetic integration, wide output ranges, low voltage stress, and high operation frequency, the LLC resonant converters are widely used in various sectors of the electronics-based industries. The history and development of the LLC resonant converters are presented, their advantages are analyzed, three of the most popular LLC resonant converter topologies with detailed assessments of their strengths and drawbacks are elaborated. Furthermore, an important piece of research on the industrial applications of the LLC resonant converters is conducted, mainly including electric vehicle (EV) charging, photovoltaic systems, and light emitting diode (LED) lighting drivers and liquid crystal display (LCD) TV power supplies. Finally, the future evolution of the LLC resonant converter technology is discussed.


Supplying an isolated cell sample from a subject; detecting said cell sample in pairs like homeodomain transcription factor 1 (Pitx1) expression; whereby said detecting step results, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) if you belong to a subclass, comprising allowing the classification of subjects with AIS, classification method subjects with AIS.


Abstract : This report shows that despite sharply higher prices, wood products have not lost their share of the market within the furniture and fixtures industry during the period of 1960 to 1972. Slightly lower lumber usage was more than offset by increased utilization of plywood and wood composition boards. Especially noteworthy was the rapid growth of particleboard and hardboard usage, a phenomenon that slowed because of market saturation and the advent of medium-density fiberboard. Since 1972, additional market losses by lumber were deemed unlikely because of the traditional consumer preference for wood furniture, rather than metal or plastic furniture. Market penetration by plywood, particleboard, and hardboard also slowed because of market saturation and new product competition. Veneer usage, which showed little historical variation, was projected unchanged from the 1972 level.


Development ofmanynew technologies is required tosuccessfully produce thelarge, lightweight, deployable, cryogenic telescope withsegmented primary mirror fortheJamesWebb SpaceTelescope (JWST) mission. Oneofthetechnologies isinterferometry toverify structural deformations inlarge, deployable, lightweight, cryogenic, precision structures tonanometer level accuracy. An instantaneous acquisition phaseshifting speckle interferometer was designed andbuilt tosupport the development ofJWSTOptical Telescope Element (OTE) primary mirrorbackplane. Thispaperdiscusses characterization of the Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometer (SPS-DSPI) developed forJWSTtoverify itscapability tomeasurestructural deformations inlarge composite structures atcryogenic temperature.1


After completing a research project, an investigator encounters several different challenges in the management of data. One of these challenges is in organizing and analyzing the information; another is in drawing conclusions; a third is in communicating the results.


Abstract The essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves of Guarea macrophylla was submitted to adsorption chromatographic separation. The fractions were analyzed by GC, GC/MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. One monoterpene, 16 sesquiterpenes and six diterpenes were identified of which ledol (13.9%) and guai-6-en-10β-ol (17.3%) were the major components.


This article describes the successful treatment of a 16-year-old female presenting with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to alleged childhood sexual abuse using trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT). Treatment was delivered by a graduate student who learned the treatment through the completion of an online training course and was supervised by a licensed clinical psychologist. Both the student and the supervisor had extensive training and experience in the delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions for adolescents. Several challenges were encountered, most notably the reemergence of legal proceedings related to the alleged abuse during the course of treatment. Treatment implications are discussed, including the need to tailor manualized treatments for particular clients and the utility of online training courses. Overall, this case study adds to the limited literature on the treatment of chronic PTSD in adolescents and provides support for the transportability of TF-CBT to practice settings, as well as the dissemination potential of an online course.


The combination of radiotherapy and antiangiogenic agents has been suggested to be potent in tumor growth control compared to the application of antiangiogenic therapy or radiotherapy alone. Since radiotherapy is highly dependent on the oxygen level of the tumor area, antiangiogenic agents are utilized for the reoxygenation of tumor vasculature. We present a mathematical framework to investigate the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with antiangiogenic treatment. The framework consists of tumor cells, vasculature, and oxygenation levels evolving with time to mimic a tumor microenvironment. Non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) are employed to simulate each component of the framework. Different treatment schemes are investigated to see the changes in tumor growth and oxygenation. To test combination schedules, radiation monotherapy, neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and concurrent cases are simulated. The efficiency of each therapy scheme on tumor growth control, the changes in tumor cell density, and oxygen levels shared by tumor cells are represented. The simulation results indicate that the application of radiotherapy after antiangiogenic treatment is more efficient in tumor growth control compared to other therapy schemes. The present study gives an insight into the possible interaction and timing of the combination of radiotherapy and antiangiogenic drug treatment.


The present invention includes the steps of forming a plurality of the pillar structure as a semiconductor device production method of the present invention therefor relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having a vertical transistor channel (vertical channel transistor) is, on a substrate; Forming a gate electrode on the pillar structure, the side wall; Forming a sacrificial layer (BPSG) is embedded between the pillar structure; A step of selectively etching to form a trench in the substrate to the sacrificial layer and the substrate; Forming a second interlayer insulating film is embedded between the pillar structure in the steps and on the first interlayer insulating film to remove the sacrificial film to form a first interlayer insulating film (a spin-on insulating film) for embedding the trench and at the same time According to the present invention and has, above, even if misalignment occurs in the formation process, a trench for the buried bit line there is an effect that it is possible to prevent the pillar structure collapsing. Word lines, BBL, DWL. Vertical channel


The student's employment choice is the hot spots of society,which has been paid extensive attention.This paper gives generalized analysis on the employment competition of students,based on SWOT analytic method in marketing,which makes them to know their employment competition power and embark from the reality to seek suitable post.


Helicobacter heilmannii is a tightly coiled, Gram-negative bacterium which is infrequently detected in antral and fundic mucosa samples. This is the Ž rst case report of gastritis caused by H. heilmannii in Turkey. In 1987, Dent et al. (1) described a corkscrew-shaped microorganism then known as ''Gastrospirillum hominis'' (2) in the human gastric mucosa. This tightly coiled bacterium, now considered to be a member of the Helicobacter genus, has been renamed ''Helicobacter heilmannii'' (3) and demonstrated to be associated, like Helicobacter pylori, with chronic active gastritis (4). Some sporadic cases of gastric erosion (5), gastric ulcer (6), gastric cancer (7) and low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (8) caused by H. heilmannii have been reported. Gastric infections with H. heilmannii are not restricted to humans. A broad range of animals, including cats, pigs, dogs and cows, are naturally infected by this organism (9). It has been suggested that animals serve as a reservoir for transmission to humans (10). Treatment strategies for H. heilmannii infection have not yet been fully determined. However, effective eradication with common anti-Helicobacter therapy involving proton pump inhibitors and combinations of antibiotics has been reported (8, 9). Here, we present and discuss a rare case of H. heilmannii-associated gastritis in a male patient and report a successful treatment schedule.


The present invention relates to a video advertisement identifying method based on hierarchical matching. Through locality sensitive hash (LSH) and fine granularity successive elimination (FGSE), the method which can rapidly inspect whether TV programming contains the advertisements as listed in database is developed by utilizing the novel video features of advertisements and post-treatment technology. The technical proposal is that the present invention is characterized in comprising the following steps of the establishment of offline database and online monitoring, wherein, the offline database consists of offline pre-treatment and Hash form preparation; the online monitoring consists of online pre-treatment, from-coarse-to-fine secondary matching and post-treatment.


A vehicle tracking unit (10) with improved power management, unit comprising vehicle location: a receiver (40) for receiving a signal from a network of communication sources; a subsystem current monitoring signal (42) adapted to determine, during an active mode, which communication resources in a subset of media sources (A), (B) in the network are transmitting the strongest signals, and check the signal intensity of at least one additional communication source (C) according to a predefined sequence; and a subsystem power management (46), (48) responsive to the monitoring subsystem signal strength and is configured to: access alternately about sleep modes and reactivation synchronize reactivation mode with the source communication that transmits the strongest signal, and check and store the identity of two sources of communication with the two strongest signals.


Combining with the status quo of chlor-alkali production devices in Baling Petroleum Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,the recovery and utilization of all kinds of the resources are preliminarily discussed and the development ideas of realizing waste water"zero"dischargement of the caustic soda devices in the company are proposed.


The Fuss-Catalan numbers are a generalization of the Catalan numbers. They enumerate a large class of objects and in particular m-Dyck paths and m+1-ary trees. Recently, F. Bergeron defined an analogue for generic m of the Tamari order on classical Dyck words. The author and J.-Y. Thibon showed that the combinatorial Hopf algebras related to these m-Tamari orders are defined thanks to the same monoid, the sylvester monoid, as in the m=1 case and that all related Hopf algebras also have m analogues.
We present here the m-generalization of another construction on Catalan sets: the dendriform algebras. These algebras are presented in two different ways: first by relations between the m+1 operations, relations that are very similar to the classical relations; and then by explicit operations splitting the classical dendriform operations defined on words into new operations. We then investigate their dual and show they are Koszul.


YA1Ge, Mr = 188.48, orthorhombic, oS12, (63) Cmcm- c2a, a = 4.0504 (5), b = 10.440 (1), c = 5.7646 (9)/~, V = 243.77 (4) A 3, Z = 4, Dx = 5.136 Mg m -3, a(Mo Ka) = 0.71073/~, /.~ = 37-481 mm-1, F(000) = 336, T= 300 K, wR = 0.049 for 153 contributing unique reflections. This new structure type, a substitution variant of the UPt2 type, is characterized by sheets of Ge centred trigonal prisms formed by Y and A1 atoms via common A1 edges. The YA1Ge type is found with RA1Ge compounds when R is a small rare-earth element (R=Gd (low-temperature modification), Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu and Sc). With large rare- earth elements (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd (high-temperature modification)) the tetragonal a-ThSi2 type (or an ordered variant) is observed. Introduction. The equiatomic rare-earth aluminium silicides and germanides have been studied by Yanson (1975), who reported the" a-ThSi2 type for the large rare-earth elements and a new type, the so-called DyA1Ge type, for small rare-earth elements. However, the R--A1 distances for com- pounds with the 'DyA1Ge type' show unreasonably short values. This gave us an incentive for a rein- vestigation of the structures of the RA1Ge com- pounds.


There exists to be plenty of methods to evaluate the water flooding effect of low permeability reservoirs, such as characteristic curve method of water drive,experimental researches,analysis method and numerical simulation,however,the evaluation indexes proposed in these methods alone seem unitary and circumscribed. This article combines some theory in reservoir engineering and fuzzy mathematics so as to apply the low permeability reservoir comprehensive evaluation system to ling 76 block of Jianghan Oilfield.


This article studies the technique innovation (TI) from systematic opinions, analyzes some questions about TI based on ripe system theories and raised enlightenments to enterprises on applying TI.


We revisit the problem of canonical quantization of a self-interacting real scalar field. We are able to separate the quantization of a classical field from that of field powers, once we take into account the distinction between the quantum mechanical Lie algebra and its universal enveloping algebra. We first treat the free real scalar field and recover familiar results. Next, we confront the self-interacting case through a deformation of the enveloping algebra of Lie-admissible type. The basic Lie algebra remains untouched, which means that our building blocks are still the free fields -much in the spirit of perturbation theory. The Lie-admissible deformation, effected via two distributions, leads to final expressions reminiscent of those resulting from the perturbation-renormalization programme. Finally, we show our deformation distributions can lead to deformed-enveloping local operators which do not belong to the Borchers class of the free real scalar field.


Spectral computerized tomography (Spectral CT) is a medical and biomedical imaging technique which uses the spectral information of the attenuated X-ray beam. Energy-resolved photon-counting detector is a promising technology for improved spectral CT imaging and allows to obtain material selective images. Two different kind of approaches resolve the problem of spectral reconstruction consisting of material decomposition and tomographic reconstruction: the two-step methods which are most often projection based methods, and the one-step methods. While the projection based methods are interesting for the fast computational time, it is not easy to introduce some spatial priors in the image domain contrary to one-step methods. We present a one-step method combining, in an alternating minimization scheme, a multi-material decomposition in the projection domain and a regularized tomographic reconstruction introducing the spatial priors in the image domain. We present and discuss promising results from experimental data.


The United Productions of America (UPA) is an animation studio that thrived in the early 50s after World War II. In a time of experimentation and with the rise of modern art forms, UPA introduced to the American public a new animation style that deviated away from realism, which ,instead was defined by unmodulated color, oversimplified forms, and figurative geometry. Driven by modernist ideals rather than profitability, UPA struggled to compete in a highly competitive market—where their own financial support often gavc the company less creative power. significant UPA ceased to exist with the end of modernism, while Disney adapted with time and found their footing in a postmodernist era, particularly with the creation of The Magic Kingdom. In essence, this paper aims to analyze the impact of UPA's role in animation history, challenging Disney's adherence to realism in a time where animators craved experimentation with modernist approaches. https://youtu.be/eNELXz7vq54


This article examines the effects of intellectual property rights (IPR) protection on growth and convergence. Firms in a country undertake both innovation and imitation to improve their productivity. IPR protection reduces the cost of innovation, but makes imitation more costly. Countries at early stages of growth adopt a strategy of high effort on imitation, and switch to the strategy of high effort on innovation at some point. A higher degree of IPR protection makes the switch to the strategy of high effort on innovation earlier. There are two possible growth traps. A middle-income trap arises when a country fails to switch to high effort on innovation due to a low degree of IPR protection. Whereas a poverty trap may exist at the early stage of development, when there is no enough effort on imitation due to a strict IPR protection.


This study seeks to replace PaRIS Principles and find directions of revising KCR4 by analyzing the international Cataloging Principles 2009(ICP 2009) established in the environment of Machine Readable Cataloging. ICP 2009 was reflected in cataloging rules such as RDA and ISBD 2010 as the minimal principles for uniformity in establishing each nation`s cataloging rules. In contrary, KCR4 needs to be revised because it has never been changed after 2003, and has only description rules without any rules for the choice and forms of access points. Therefore, this study aims to grasp requirements that should be reflected in KCR4 through analyzing ICP 2009. In first step, it is to grasp the features of ICP 2009 by comparing PaRIS Principle and ICP 2009 and to compare KCR4 in aspects of ICP 2009. The detailed elements for comparison between ICP 2009 and KCR4 are scope, general principles, entitles, attributes, and relationships, objectives and functions of the catalogue, bibliographic description, access points, foundations for search capabilities as the contents of ICP 2009. As a result, this study could give some directions of KCR4 in the future. First, ISBD 2010 and conceptual models should be reflected in KCR4 in description. Second, it should regulate the authority access points in KCR4 based on ICP 2009. Third, it will describe essential access points of work and expression attributes in bibliographic records and authority records to find works and expression. This study will contribute to guide the national cataloging rules.


CMOS-integrated in-band full-duplex (IBFD) operation in wireless links and cryogenic quantum platforms was previously enabled by magnetic-free circulators using the phase non-reciprocity of spatial-temporal modulation. In this paper, we present an alternative and simple integrated circuit scheme, that not only realizes non-reciprocal signal flows required for IBFD operations. but also improves the isolation performance by completely eliminating any chip-level TX-to-RX coupling. The above functions are enabled by performing a direction/frequency-independent, single-sideband down-conversion to the counter-propagating TX and RX signals, which creates opposite deviations of on-chip TX and RX frequencies with respect to the antenna frequency. Such a principle also broadens the isolation bandwidth and enables integrated receiver down-mixing function. As a proof-of-concept, a 3.4∼4.6-GHz frond-end (30% fractional bandwidth) is implemented using a 65-nm bulk CMOS technology. The measured Tx-Rx isolation of the circuit is 32∼51 dB at 300 K, and 14∼29 dB at 4.2 K. The measured TX-ANT and ANT-RX insertion loss are 3.0 and 3.2 dB at 300 K, and 1.9 and 2.0 dB at 4.2 K. At 300 K, the measured TX-ANT and ANT-RX IIP3 are 29.5 and 27.6 dBm, respectively. The IBFD core of the chip occupies an area of 0.27 mm and consumes 48 mW of DC power.