An innovative partnership between the Centre for Contemporary Art and the Natural World (CCANW) and Touchstone collaborations gave rise to Soil Culture at Create in Bristol, UK, during July and August 2015. This summer celebration of soil took place in the Create Centre during Bristol's year as European Green Capital. Soil Culture at Create featured two exhibitions—Young Shoots curated by CCANW and Dirt Dialogues organized by Alexandra Toland of Soilarts. It also hosted a final residency between the Blue Finger Alliance, a Bristol-based campaign to safeguard high-grade agricultural land, and ourselves. We were engaged by CCANW to coordinate soil-inspired activities to animate the exhibitions. Our response was Soil Saturdays, a diverse program that spanned the eight Saturdays of the exhibitions. The matter of living soil and food was present within the gallery, on the Soil Shrine, as part of activities, and nourishingly and colorfully manifest through freshly prepared food sourced from Bristol and its hinterland. "Curating the convivial" defines an emergent and embodied approach that cultivates food citizenship, a concept that recognizes and deeply engages through food with the ecology of a place and its diverse communities. With limited public funding, our mantra of trust and exchange inspired an atmosphere of enthusiasm, goodwill, faith in the power of imagination, and the sharing of skills and resources, thus strengthening existing networks and promoting resilience. This respect for the "genius loci" and the inhabiting of the ecological self revitalizes a dedication to everyday actions and policymaking that restore and protect healthy soils.


For numerous reactions in catalysis, the lack of (big) data in kinetics is compensated by the availability of numerous small, scattered datasets as typically found in literature. To exploit the...


Virtual Reference Desk (VRD) are new services offered by libraries using Internet technology. It gives the possibility to users to easily contact an information professional to get an answer to his request.


Headwater streams in the White Mountains, NH, USA have been shown to have downstream gradients of increasing pH and concentrations of base cations coupled with decreasing concentrations of aluminum. A two-stage acid neutralization model involving shallow soil exchange processes in headwaters coupled with deeper mineral weathering downstream had been proposed to explain these gradients. We conducted synoptic sampling of three headwater catchments in this region that showed variations in this longitudinal pattern, ranging from streams that remain acidic throughout their length to streams with circumneutral pH beginning at their source. To explain these differences, we mapped soils using a hydropedologic approach that emphasizes the influence of groundwater saturation frequency and water table regime on soil formation processes. Stream segments with lower pH and base cation concentrations, coupled with higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, aluminum, and in one case iron, were in subcatchments mapped with shallow to bedrock soils where eluvial soil forming processes dominated. In contrast, stream segments with higher pH and base cation concentrations coupled with low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and aluminum were associated with subcatchments with deeper soils where illuvial processes were more dominant. Concentrations of sodium and silicon were relatively uniform across these gradients. Coupled with the higher concentrations of dissolved aluminum and small pools of exchangeable aluminum in the areas of bedrock outcrops and shallow soils, these data suggest that primary mineral dissolution is an important process influencing upper stream reaches. Some stream reaches with obvious groundwater springs show a more abrupt transition suggesting that neutralization along deeper flowpaths may play a role as well. These data suggest a new three stage model of stream chemistry evolution with introduction of organic acids by frequent flushing of organic soils on shallow bedrock along ridge areas, acidic reaches controlled by shallow mineral weathering processes coupled with eluvial soil development, giving way to downstream reaches influenced by illuviation as organometallic complexes precipitate in spodic soil horizons. This new model highlights differences in critical zone evolution along hillslopes in glaciated catchments with implications for understanding gradients in water quality, soil fertility, and response and recovery from disturbances.


Moments of inertia to the axis on complex oval plate and complex ellipsoid are calculated respectively,and the general formula is obtained.By using these formulas,the moment of inertia for engineering complex shapes can be calculated,the inertia formulas of oval plate,round plate,ellipsoid and sphere are the special cases,it has an application value in the project.


The Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) is in charge of collecting zakat and distributing it to mustahik as determined. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) in increasing the amount of zakat, infaq and alms funds towards increasing the Mustahik Economic Welfare of Margaharja Village. This study uses a qualitative method. Techniques for collecting data using surveys and interviews. The technique for taking samples is random sampling, which gives equal rights to each subject to have the opportunity to be selected as a sample, the sample is taken at random and according to the researcher's considerations. The results showed that the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) Margaharja was successful in increasing the amount of zakat, infaq and alms funds by collecting zakat funds using the pick-up method. in 2019. Through a work program compiled by the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) Margaharja seeks to change the status of mustahik to muzakki or prosper.


Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification and viscosynechiolysis (VSL) as a surgical management of angle closure with significant peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS). Method: Retrospective series of patients with acute or chronic angle closure glaucoma with more than 90 degrees of PAS that were surgically treated with combined phacoemulsification and VSL. Patients were followed up over a two year period. Success was defined as intraocular pressure of <21 mmHg with or without glaucoma medications. Results: Of 17 eyes in 12 patients, 5 had bilateral phacoemulsification with VSL. Two thirds were female, with a mean age of 75 years. Ten eyes had prior peripheral iridotomy. The mean pre-operative and post-operative IOP were 23.2 and 15.5 mmHg respectively, with an average reduction of 8.4 mmHg. The median number of glaucoma medications decreased from 2 pre-surgery to 1 post-surgery. No eyes required further IOP lowering procedures. Conclusion: VSL is an effective and safe procedure in controlling IOPs in patients with moderate to extensive PAS and could therefore delay or potentially prevent glaucoma filtration surgery. Introduction Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a leading cause of glaucoma blindness in the world. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2020, 5.3 million people with glaucoma will become blind from PACG [1]. In Scotland, PACG accounts for approximately 23% of newly diagnosed glaucoma cases [2]. The management of PACG becomes challenging when the trabecular meshwork is occluded by significant peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS). Persistently raised intraocular pressure (IOP) as a result of insufficient drainage from the trabecular meshwork then results in irreversible glaucomatous damage. Lens extraction which results in a significant IOP reduction, is now recommended both in the management of uncontrolled chronic PACG and as the initial intervention in acute PACG [3], but does not remove PAS. Combined phacoemulsification with goniosynechiolysis (p-GSL) has been advocated as a means of opening the angle with such patients, but the procedure is time consuming and prone to bleeding [4]. Other treatment interventions including trabeculectomy with or without lens extraction, glaucoma implants and cyclodestructive procedures also demonstrate poor success rates [5]. We describe a novel technique, phacoemulsification and viscosynechiolysis (p-VSL) (Figure 1) where following phacoemulsification, a viscoelastic agent is used to dissect the PAS and effectively widen the drainage angle (Figure 2). The aim of our pilot study is to determine the safety and efficacy of p-VSL as a surgical management of angle closure with moderate to extensive PAS. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no publications on this technique to date. Correspondence to: Dr. V. Swetha E. Jeganathan, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Ayr, Dalmellington Road, Ayr KA6 6DX, Scotland, United Kingdom; Email: email@example.com Received: March 28, 2016; Accepted: April 19, 2016; Published: April 22, 2016 Patients and methods We performed a prospective study at the Princess Alexandra Eye Pavillion in Edinburgh of 24 consecutive eyes from 19 patients with acute or chronic angle closure glaucoma with more than 90 degrees of PAS who were surgically treated with combined p-VSL. We used the following criteria to define angle closure glaucoma: presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy with compatible visual field loss Figure 1. Phacoemulsification and viscosynechiolysis (p-VSL). Jeganathan VSE (2016) Is phacoemulsification with viscosynechiolysis effective for angle closure glaucoma? Promising results from a pilot study New Front Ophthalmol, 2016 doi: 10.15761/NFO.1000127 Volume 2(3): 116-118 value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of 24 eyes in 19 patients, 5 had bilateral phacoemulsification with VSL. Two thirds were female, with a mean age of 75.7 years (range 6789 years). Ten eyes had prior peripheral iridotomy. Figure 3 shows the clinical characteristics of our patient population. The mean pre-op and post-op IOP were 22.7 and 15.4 mmHg respectively, with an average reduction of 7.3 mmHg (p= 0.0003). The median number of glaucoma medications decreased from 2.1 presurgery to 1.8 post-surgery. No eyes required further IOP lowering procedures. Figure 4 shows the summary of pre-operative and postoperative parameters. A positive correlation was found between the preoperative IOP and last visit IOP drop (r=0.94) (Figure 5). The mean number of glaucoma medication dropped from 2.08 ± 1.22 to 1.82 ± 1.09 (p>0.05), with a positive correlation between pre-op and post-op eye drops (r=0.27) (Figure 6-8). At final visit, success was achieved in 22/24 (91.7%) The most common intraoperative and postoperative complications were hyphema (n=1) and posterior capsule tear requiring anterior vitrectomy (n=1). They all resolved with treatment. Conclusion P-VSL is an effective and safe procedure in controlling IOPs in patients with moderate to extensive PAS and could therefore delay or potentially prevent glaucoma filtration surgery. Further research needs to be done to better define its role in the management of PACG. Acknowledgements Paper presentation at the Congress of the European Society of in association with a closed angle on indentation gonioscopy. The study protocol adhered to the Tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and informed consent was obtained from all subjects prior to commencement of p-VSL. Our outcome measures included pre-operative and post-operative IOP, number of IOP lowering drugs, best corrected visual acuity (by Snellen chart, later converted to logarithm of minimum angle of resolution, logMAR), surgical complications and need for additional surgical interventions. We also documented baseline characteristics including patient age, axial length, IOL power and prior peripheral iridotomy. Our patients were followed up over a two-year period. Success was defined as intraocular pressure of <21 mmHg with or without glaucoma medications. The results are presented as mean +/standard deviation. Statistical analyses were performed with paired t-test and chi-squared test. A p Figure 2. Anterior segment OCT demonstrating preop PAS and postop separation of the synechiae and widening of the anterior chamber angle following p-VSL. Figure 3. The clinical characteristics of our patient population. Figure 4. The summary of pre-operative and post-operative parameters. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -10 0 10 20 30 40 Post-op IOP change/ mm Hg Pr e-o p I OP / m m H g Figure 5. Positive correlation between post-op IOP change against pre-op IOP.


A static limited dependent variables model is formulated to study the Dutch labour market from the individual's viewpoint. The model is similar to the model introduced by Meyer and Wise (1983, JLE), but has a more structural character in the sense that demand side, supply side and wage formation are clearly distinguished. Moreover, not only minimum wage legislation, but also other constraints resulting in downward wage rigidities are taken into account, such as union agreements for several industries. The relevant minimum for the individual is included as a latent variable. The model focuses on four possible effects of minimum wage regulations: effects on incomes of both minimum wage earners and other workers and demand side as well as supply side effects on employment. The model i.s estimated with 1984 cross-section data for Dutch males. Most of t.lie esLimation results are well in line with economic intuition. On the other hand, several Chi-square diagnostic Lcsts show thnt the model is not free of misspecification. Simulation results suggest that the high level of minimum labour costs in the Netherlands has an important negative impact on employment. ~ The authors wish to thank Bertrand Melenberg, Peter Kooreman and Richard Blundell for helpful comments and the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) for providing the data. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the policies of the CBS.


This study aimed to describe the therapeutic itineraries of military police who work in a Communitary Security Base in search of their health care needs. This is an exploratory research, of qualitative approach, carried out by semi-structured interview whose corpus has been subjected to content analysis. The results showed that the military police officers undertake courses in order to preserve their health, involving actions of health promotion, disease prevention and needs meeting, to achieve the quality of life and restore health, such as coping with a severe illness or an exacerbation of a chronic problem. Therapeutic itineraries involve the popular and professional care subsystems, according to the single conduct of each individual and the cultural context in which it is inserted. The search for therapeutic care in the professional subsystem involves facilities related to geographical and functional access. We concluded that the obstacles that the cops face to health services access point weaknesses in the provision of services; so it is imperative public policies improve for this group, especially those geared to their health needs.


This article is an evaluation of the Edwardian sporting films in the recently restored Mitchell & Kenyon Collection held by the National Film and Television Archive in London. The collection reveals snapshots of the everyday life of the working class at work, play and going about their daily business, watching football, both association and rugby, participating in civic and religious events and enjoying a range of leisure activities. This article is an attempt to place these films within the sporting and social context of the age in which they were taken. It explores how different sporting activities became a major factor in developing an audience for the institution of cinema.


The client-to-client password-authenticated key exchange(C2CPAKE) protocol enables two clients from different realms to agree on a common session key.The security of C2C-PAKE protocol is analyzed.The results show that the protocol is suffered from the impersonation attacks,e.g.,impersonation initiator and impersonation respondent.Based on the password verifier,an improved C2C-PAKE protocol is proposed in this paper,which can provide mutual authentication,secure session key and forward security.The improved protocol is also secure to resist server-compromise impersonation attack,password-compromise impersonation attack,off-line dictionary attack and undetectable on-line dictionary attack.


In this communication we report that application of an external magnetic field during photolysis has a dramatic effect on the measured quantum yield for the solid state reaction of chlorine with methylcyclopropane.


A gene has now been discovered that, when mutated, turns girls into boys. The finding advances, but also complicates, our understanding of how sex is determined by our genes. In people, almost all men carry two different sex chromosomes (XY) and women are XX. But there are some (extremely rare) exceptions to this rule. It is possible to have XX men, for example. This femaleto- male sex reversal almost always happens when a certain gene called SRY, usually carried on the Y chromosome, accidentally ends up on the X chromosome inherited from the father. Other genes have been found to muddle up sexual identity, making the resulting child neither fully male nor fully female. But in most cases of anatomically complete XX men — who have functional testes, but without a Y are infertile — SRY is involved. For this reason, it has long been called the gene that defines 'maleness'. But now researchers have found another gene that is equally important to the process. It seems that sex is determined in humans by a cascade of genes. At a crucial junction in this process lies a gene called SOX9, which in males is switched on by SRY, causing testis development. In females, the researchers now suggest, SOX9 might be typically switched off by RSPO1, which, via other genes in the cascade, leads to the development of ovaries. In the brothers, it seems the mutated RSPO1 gene could not fulfil its switching-off role, leaving SOX9 on and leading to male development.


Introduction The program EOD [1] allows high accuracy computation of saturated magnetic lenses as well as parasitic fields due to machining and assembly tolerances, if the first order finite element method is used with sufficiently dense meshes with 100,000 points or more. The accuracy of magnetic lens computations is discussed in length in [2], the accuracy of deflection field computations in [3], and the computation algorithm is in [4].


Abstract We study the historical development of Slovenian Accounting Standards (SAS) and their association with accounting quality (AQ). We focus on private firms where the financial reporting process is characterised by low demand for high-quality reporting. We investigate three distinct editions of SAS since 1994 and test how their development towards international standards is related to AQ. Aggregate earnings management measures indicate that the use of accounting discretion decreases with less earnings smoothing over time. The main features of AQ have been consistent throughout historical development. Asymmetric timeliness of earnings, the ability of earnings to predict future cash flows, and the ability of accruals to mitigate mismatching are all present throughout. We also document typical departures from properties of high AQ. For example, accruals do not (always) facilitate timely recognition of losses. However, these can be attributed to the overwhelming influence of reporting incentives (e.g. taxation, debt, size) rather than to the (lower) quality of accounting standards.


We explore the properties of dark-energy models for which the equation of state, w, defined as the ratio of pressure to energy density, crosses the cosmological-constant boundary w=-1. We adopt an empirical approach, treating the dark energy as an uncoupled fluid or a generalized scalar field. We describe the requirements for a viable model, in terms of the equation of state and sound speed. A generalized scalar field cannot safely traverse w=-1, although a pair of scalars with w>-1 and w<-1 will work. A fluid description with a well-defined sound speed can also cross the boundary. Contrary to expectations, such a crossing model does not instantaneously resemble a cosmological constant at the moment w=-1 since the density and pressure perturbations do not necessarily vanish. But because a dark energy with w<-1 dominates only at very late times, and because the dark energy is not generally prone to gravitational clustering, then crossing the cosmological-constant boundary leaves no distinct imprint.


This work was aimed at comparing the instream flow environment of four basic hydromorphological units of a mountain gravel-bed river: pools, runs, riffles and rapids. A survey was performed during the average flow stage on the Skawa River in southern Poland. In the 3.5 km long reach, 31 physical habitats were surveyed: eight pools, eight runs, nine riffles and seven rapids. Using Micro ADV Sontek equipment, instantaneous velocity time series components were measured at eight locations in three positions—z/h = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6—in each unit. Turbulence descriptors—the mean components of velocity, turbulence intensities calculated as the root mean square of velocity component time series, turbulent kinetic energy TKE, Reynolds shear stresses and standard hydraulic attribute, i.e., Froude number—were estimated. Although there was a wide dispersion of the turbulence variable distributions, a standard tendency of decreased mean velocity and increased turbulence towards the bottom was observed. Most turbulence parameters—streamwise velocity, turbulence intensities, TKE and streamwise-vertical Reynolds shear stresses—reveal differences of instream flow environment between the pools, runs and riffles. In addition, the mean turbulence intensities suggested a 1:2:3:3 proportion of turbulence intensity in pools, runs, riffles and rapids, respectively. Riffles and rapids, in general, have similar turbulence values, whereas rapids are deeper and visually more energetic.


For nonlinear systems with control singularities the region of attraction is often only a subset of the region of feasibility (nonsingularity) of the control law. We present conditions under which the backstepping design maximizes the region of attraction by making the regions of feasibility and stability coincide. The key element in the technique is a control Lyapunov function which is singular on the control singularity set and has level sets that always remain in the feasibility region, thus making the feasibility region positively invariant.


The vapor permeation and the pervaporation were experimented to consider a mechanism of the ethanol enrichment from the water mixture with silicone rubber. From the vapor permeation, a diffusion coefficient of water was determined as 3.3 x 10 -5 cm 2 /s which was independent of the concentration. The diffusion coefficient of ethanol depended linearly on its activity with a slope of 3.7 and its zero concentration diffusion coefficient was 3.7 x 10 -7 cm 2 /s. A calculated curve obtained by using above data, assuming the accelerated water diffusion in the presence of ethanol, agreed with the experimental data. This phenomenon influenced badly the separability of silicone rubber in this system.


This study was conducted in the department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq, to evaluate the effect of copper nanopartical and magnetized salty water in superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, glutathione content, proline content and malondialdehyde content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). The overall number of pots at 144 (48 treatments and 3 replicates per treatment). The results of study showed that Cu nanoparticles at concentration of (0.5ppm and 9ppm) and the magnetic intensity (2000 Gauss) caused decreasing in SOD activity of tomato leaves significantly. The rest of the treatments increased SOD activity significantly comparing with the control treatment. The treatment of the drainage water (E.C.4 mmohs/cm) with Cu NPs. of 5ppm caused the highest value of SOD ( 666.7 unit), the Cu NPs of the concentration (9ppm) caused decreasing in CAT activity of tomato leaves significantly comparing with control also with treatment of magnetic river water (E.C. 2.83mmohs/cm) at 2000 Gauss. The concentrations of almost treatments increased the CAT activity significantly comparing with control, the treatment of drainage water (7 mmohs/cm) with the concentration (5ppm) for Cu NPs. caused the highest value of CAT (158.6 unit). that Cu NPs. at concentration of 5 ppm with magnetized distilled water caused decreasing in GSH content of tomato leaves significantly. The highest value at the drainage water ( E.C.4 mmohs/cm) caused enhancement in GSH content (0.304 μmol) comparing with control and treatment of drainage water at (7 mmohs/cm) alone, the Cu NPs at concentration of 5ppm caused decreasing of proline content of tomato leaves significantly. All concentrations of all treatments increased the content of proline significantly comparing with control. The treatment of drainage water (E.C. 4mmohs/cm) with magnetic water of 2000 Gauss and the concentration (0.5ppm) caused the highest value of proline content ( 8.87 μmol/g), the Cu NPs at concentration of 5ppm and the magnetic intensity 3000 Gauss with the drainage water (7 mmohs/cm) caused decreasing of MDA content of tomato leaves significantly. The treatment of river water (E.C.2.83mmohs/cm) with magnetic water of 3000 Gauss and the concentration (5ppm) caused the highest value of MDA content (14.91mmoler).


A process dynamics model of transient output composition variations in a moduar self-wiping twin-screw extruder caused by input disturbances from feeders is developed. The changes of output mass flow rate and weight fraction of additives in the output stream were predicted for various time dependent input modes into a second feeder and other ports part way along the length of the machine.


Effect of scatter media materials and thickness, located between radioactivity and small gamma camera, on imaging characteristics was evaluated. The small gamma camera developed for breast imaging was consisted of collimator, NaI(Tl) crystal (60×60×6 mm), PSPMT (position sensitive photomultimplier tube), NIMs and personal computer. Monte Carlo simulation was performed to evaluate the system sensitivity with different scatter media thickness (0∼8 cm) and materials (air and acrylic) with parallel hole collimator and diverging collimator. The sensitivity and spatial resolution was measured using the small gamma camera with the same condition applied to the simulation. Counts was decreased by 10% (air) and 54% (acrylic) with the parallel hole collimator and by 35% (air) and 63% (acrylic) with the diverging collimator. Spatial resolution was decreased as increasing the thickness of scatter media. This study substantiate the importance of a gamma camera positioning and the minimization of the distance between detector and target lesion in the clinical application of a gamma camera.


Proper nitrogen (N) management is critical for maintaining high-quality turf while conserving resources and protecting the environment. This is in part because N applications affect turfgrass growth directly and disease susceptibility indirectly. N application can be costly not only because of the expenditures on N fertilizers. More importantly, costs rise because of the maintenance costs associated with the excessive shoot growth, poor root growth, and high disease susceptibility that often result. Such ill-timed and excessive N applications can potentially cause runoff, ammonia volatilization, nitrate leaching and groundwater contamination. Turfgrass maintenance professionals have often relied on empirical knowledge-based fertilization programs to decide when and how often to apply N fertilizers. Chlorophyll meters and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy have been used in research to schedule N applications (Rodriquez and Miller, 2000a, 2000b). These technologies provide the means to estimate the content of total N in turfgrass leaves. However, readings of a chlorophyll meter or a near infrared reflectance spectrometer do not indicate how much N is stored in the vacuoles of leaf cells and how fast the stored, unassimilated N will be assimilated into chlorophylls and other N compounds. The amount of the leaf-stored unassimilated N and the rate of N assimilation must be known before one can attempt to estimate when and how much a turfgrass needs supplemental N. Research on nitrogen assimilation will help turfgrass managers in this regard.


The article considers the nature of the indicators of financial security, formed approaches to the definition of indicators for further evaluation of the level of financial security, explored the American experience in the assessment of the level of financial security and a method of combining domestic and foreign experience.


Soft chemical synthesis is used to obtain a hydrangea-type bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) supercapattery electrode that demonstrates considerable energy/power density and cycling life. Structure and morphology studies, initially, reveal a phase-pure polycrystalline and hydrangea-type surface appearance for Bi2MoO6, which upon testing in an electrochemical energy storage system displays supercapattery behavior, a combination of a supercapacitor and a battery. From the power law, an applied-potential-dependent charge storage mechanism is established for the Bi2MoO6 electrode material. A Trasatti plot evidences the presence of inner and outer surface charges. The hydrangea-type Bi2MoO6 electrode demonstrates a specific capacitance of 485 F g–1 at 5 A g–1 and a stability of 82% over 5000 cycles. An assembled symmetric supercapattery with a Bi2MoO6//Bi2MoO6 configuration demonstrates energy and power densities of 45.6 W h kg–1 and 989 W kg–1, respectively. A demonstration elucidating the lighting up of three light-emitting diodes, connected in series, by the symmetric supercapattery signifies the practical potentiality of the as-synthesized hydrangea-type Bi2MoO6 electrode in energy storage devices.


A fence support base for a fencing panel comprising a base portion 12 to be located on the ground, at least one support portion 20 30 coupled to the base portion 12 and arranged to be coupled to the fencing panel, the support portion 20 30 moveable with respect to the base portion between a stored position — Fig. 6 — and a raised position — Fig 3. The support portion may comprise a support member 22 32 attached to an axial member 24 34 which is rotationally coupled to the base portion such that it rotates about its longitudinal axis. The axial member may be located within a collar 50 or directly in holes 54 in the base portion or attached via a spigot (56 Fig 7). In the storage position the support portion may be located within an opening in the base portion and there may be a stop 60 provided to prevent movement of the support member.


The cultural tourism industry combines the similarities of the cultural industry and tourism industry, which can be the most effective way to meet people's spiritual and cultural needs as well as their leisure needs simultaneously, and has a vast development potential. However, there are numerous and dispersed areas where the market value of cultural tourism resources is clustered, and frequently, each city has the clustering area with the highest market value concentration of cultural tourism resources. This feature of the spatial distribution of the market value of cultural tourism resources is significant for promoting the development of cultural tourism as a whole and constructing the industry's overall structure. It has broad application potential for extracting and differentiating cultural tourism industry characteristics. Texture feature extraction is typically performed using dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) and Gabor wavelet. In this paper, we propose a multiscale DT-CWT and Gabor-based method for identifying the cultural tourism industry. The method first decomposes the images of cultural tourism into multiscale space using a Gaussian pyramid, then extracts the multiscale features of the images using DT-CWT and Gabor, and lastly achieves feature fusion. Using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to achieve classification, the effectiveness of the feature extraction method is determined. The experimental findings demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper can achieve a high rate of recognition.


The photostability ofpiroxicam sodium (pNa) complexed with p-cyclodextrin (P-CD) was investigated in solution by comparative evaluation ofPNa and the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 PNa-p CD complexes and physical mixtures. The order of stability of PNa in the complexes/physical mixtures is reported as the 1:2 complex being the most unstable followed by 2: 1> 1: 1 with the uncomplexed PNa being the most stable.


Schön contends that Boyer's vision for a new paradigm of scholarship, which includes research, teaching, application and integration, requires a new epistemology of practice that would take the form of action research. This article explores the validity of Schön's assertion through the use of a living theory approach to teaching 'active participation in learning' to a group of second-year undergraduate students, influenced by an ontology of a participative reality and a pedagogy of whole-person learning. The level of engagement by the students, and their reflections on their experience of the module, support Schön's claim; and demonstrate the significance of a living theory approach to action research in realising Boyer's vision as a means of enhancing the quality of students' learning in higher education.


An adaptive learning synchronisation control strategy for six-degree-of-freedom spacecraft formation flying based on the cross-coupling concept is presented. The proposed strategy allows the spacecraft track the desired attitude and position trajectories in a synchronised fashion, in the presence of periodic disturbances and uncertainties in constant parameters. Illustrative simulations of spacecraft formation flying are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


The invention relates to an electroplating synthetical wastewater treatment method and system. The electroplating synthetical wastewater treatment method comprises the steps of: introducing the electroplating synthetical wastewater into a Fenton method reaction tank, using a Fenton reagent to pretreat the electroplating synthetical wastewater in an environment with a pH value of 2-4, carrying out reaction for oxidation de-complexation, oxidative degradation of COD and ammonia nitrogen, reduction of hexavalent chromium, and removal of heavy metal ions; introducing the pretreated wastewater into a; will pass into an inclined plate sedimentation tank, adjusting the pH value to more than 10, and conducting coagulation sedimentation; introducing the supernatant of the inclined plate sedimentation tank into a chlorination tank, adding sodium hypochlorite by means of breakpoint chlorination to remove ammonia nitrogen from the liquid; and introducing the liquid of the inclined plate sedimentation tank into a biological activated carbon treatment device for further degradation of hardly degradable organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the liquid.


For positive rational integers λ, we study the Hecke L-series attached to elliptic curves y2 = x3 − 2433Dλ over the quadratic field Q(√−3) and obtain various bounds of p(= 2, 3)-adic valuations of their values at s = 1 according to the cases of D and λ. In particular, for the case of even λ, we obtain a criterion of reaching the bounds of 3-adic valuations. From this, combining with the work of Coates and Wiles and Rubin, we obtain some results about the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer of these curves.


G-banded karyotypes of three Galliformes species, the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus), the Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and the Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), are presented. The species have different G-banded karyotypes. The Quail differs from the other species with respect to a pericentric inversion in chromosome 1, and the Turkey differs from the other species with respect to chromosome 2 which has split into two chromosomes (centric fission). The evolutionary consequences of these rearrangements are discussed.


The invention belongs to the technical field of medical accessories and provides a catheter intubation unsealing device for medical operation. The catheter intubation unsealing device for the medical operation comprises a main body, the main body is divided into an accommodating chamber sealing space and a dampening chamber sealing space, the accommodating chamber sealing space is provided with a length accommodating space for inserting of catheter intubation, a fluid medium is located in the dampening chamber sealing space, the upper portion of the main body is provided with an unsealing opening for exposing the catheter intubation, the unsealing opening is sealed by a detachable sealing body, and an unsealing and opening device is arranged on the side portion of the main body. When the unsealing and opening device is operated, the unsealing and opening device breaks through the dampening chamber sealing space to enable the fluid medium to flow in the accommodating chamber sealing space. The catheter intubation unsealing device for the medical operation has the advantage that the catheter intubation and the fluid medium are made into one body, a piston sealing ring on the unsealing and opening device is used for extruding the dampening chamber sealing space to break through a thin wall portion of the bottom so as to enable the catheter intubation and the fluid medium to be contacted and dampened fully, a whole process is convenient and simple, and normal use of the catheter intubation is guaranteed.


The terms yoga and meditation are related with promotion of harmony of body and mind for physical, mental and spiritual wellness of human beings. Similarities or dissimilarities between these terms have been matter of debate many times. This study aims to search integral correlations between yoga and meditation, effect on body and mind disorders, and directions for upcoming researches to enhance healthcare facilities. In an age where the younger generation is increasingly turning obese and facing health issues at an abnormal rate, fitness plays a very vital role. One can achieve complete control of mind over body by being both physically and mentally fit...Yoga and meditation have been practiced in India since ancient times and provides a healthy mind and a sound body, something which the stress filled youngsters of our generation need. Yoga is considered a comprehensive practice that integrates mental, physical, and spiritual elements of the human body. The purpose of this study was to examine the benefits of yoga and meditation on the physical and mental health. This study provides support for Deep relaxation and meditation practices cultivate awareness and ultimately more profound states of consciousness. Beneficial effects might involve a reduction of distress, blood pressure, and improvements in resilience, mood, and metabolic regulation. Studies attest the fact that meditation enhances performance physiologically and psychologically. It can improve the mental well-being of the prisoners and reduce the impulsiveness among prisoners. Prisoners everywhere survive under tough and frustrating situations that incessantly build up their stress levels.


It is well known that broadening of the observed particle size distribution occurs both at the finer end and at the coarser end of the distribution when using the Coulter Counter. This problem can partly be overcome with the aid of electronic pulse editing. However, it has been found that the accuracy can be further improved when the Coulter Counter is equipped with a hydrodynamically focused (HDF) aperture. The standard deviations of the main peaks of samples with diameters of 5.0, 10.2, 15.1 and 20.0 mm decreased by 21%-49% with HDF. HDF also prevents artefacts at the fine side of the main peak that originate from particles re-entering the sensing zone of a standard aperture after they have passed through it. In the experimental model used i.e. a silica sample with a diameter of 15.6 mm, the estimate of small particles (>10 μm) decreased from 6.5% to 0.4%.


For the first time in the histories of the British Medical Journal and the canon of Sherlock Holmes adventures, the two icons have been brought together in a special Holmes and Watson adventure facilitated by the new BMJ online archive. Dr Watson describes how he and his esteemed colleague Sherlock Holmes collaborated to track down clues to the BMJ in the canon of Sherlock Holmes adventures and Sherlock Holmes in the BMJ


Nodes for grid structures are often manufactured in a rather material intensive and inefficient way, increasing the weight of the structure and thus the load. Recent development of additive manufacturing techniques, have resulted in a rising interest in large-scale metal 3D printing. Topology optimization has become the obvious companion in the design of structural parts for 3D printing, and rightfully so. The technique is demonstrably able to provide material efficient solutions and is well suited for a manufacturing technique with few formal restrictions. However, from a designer's perspective one could argue that topology optimization have some limitations. Like other "automated processes", it tends to take over and does not leave much room for other form drivers. This paper presents an alternative method for designing material efficient nodes in grid structures that builds on the conventional form-finding techniques, usually applied to create minimal surface tensile structures or gravity shell like structures. The technique works by modelling the node as a hollow shell with a mesh, applying a set of tensile forces derived from the structural action from elements adjacent to the node (where compression is converted to tension) and running a form finding simulation. After the simulation, the shell is then thickened and analysed for the real load case (which consider both tension and compression) using FE-analysis. The benefit of such technique is that the designer has control over the topology of the design which enables more creative control and free exploration of a range of design variations. The form finding is done using dynamic relaxation and introduces spline elements with bending capability to control deviation from the pure spring network solution.


The new conception of braking operate of tram is proposed. The tram must have the five braking system. This system must created four rate of braking tram.


This paper is about the depiction of the "East" and the representations of the "Easterners" in the works by Ottoman author Cenap Şahabettin. Cenap was not only an intellectual but also a representative of the state bureaucracy. After finishing his education in Istanbul and Paris, Cenap became a dermatologist, and was appointed public health officer in Egypt, and consequently in Iraq. Cenap's works on the Arab lands were published when the Ottomans were trying to adapt a modernist colonial approach towards their provinces, as opposed to their older governing practice. Paradoxically, although the Ottoman Empire placed itself among European states, it fell into a dichotomy by conceding the prejudices many European intellectuals had towards the "East". The Ottomans overcame the paradox of seeing themselves both as hard-working , powerful, constitutionalist "Westerners", and lazy, weak, despotic "Easterners", by projecting the second set of adjectives onto their provinces. Cenap wrote that people of the "East" deserved despotic rulers, since they lacked the ability to reason freely. Besides using the discussion of Eastern despotism to legitimize the Ottoman presence in the area, he also mentioned the economic backwardness of the Easterners, and concluded that they needed to be modernized, but lacked the means to do so. Cenap asserted that western countries were not good candidates for modernizing the region. He cleverly notes down the developments brought by the Ottomans and emphasizes that Ottomans were not only the sole proper candidate for modernizing them, but also a good one. Nourished by the works of Edward Said, Ussama Makdisi and Jale Parla, the paper takes a semiotic approach in evaluating Cenap's works, and compares Cenap›s attitude with that of the western travelers, attempting to provide a broader picture.


Abstract : Significant features of diffusion have been delineated which are influenced by forest characterization and associated met conditions. This study outlines the vertical transport of material or momentum through the canopy and in the boundary layer above the forest and its significance. This study involved an investigation of gross forest influences that may be involved in diffusion and met measurements in a variety of forests. Data from diffusion and munition tests in forest environments were analyzed to delineate differences between forests of different physical characteristics. Above-canopy wind speeds for various forests were plotted as a function of the below-canopy wind speeds and an Environmental Index developed. The study developed techniques for characterizing the significant properties of a forest (aerosol diffusion) on the basis of relatively simple physical forest measurements, followed by a trial application of statistical approaches, using a section of forest in Thailand. (Author)


To the Editors: I report a second case of recurrent aseptic meningitis after repeated lamotrigine ingestion. In both cases the first instance of meningism began 8–10 days after introduction of the drug, resolved several days after its omission, and returned 30–60 min after its reintroduction (Kilfoyle et al., 2005). There was no other candidate drug in either case, and exhaustive searches found no other cause. Two further cases of aseptic meningitis 15–20 days after commencing lamotrigine were recently reported (Nesseler et al., 2007). Those patients have not been reexposed to the drug. A 25-year-old Caucasian woman presented with meningism, vomiting, conjunctivitis, and myalgia 8 days after starting lamotrigine 25 mg daily, and 2 days after commencing amoxicillin for presumed sinusitis. Her regular medications were phenytoin, rabeprazole, and levonorgestrel/ethinylestradiol. She has generalized epilepsy, peptic ulcer disease, and celiac disease. Routine tests were normal except for a gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level of 455 U/L, C-reactive protein (CRP) of 87 mg/L, and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 30 mm/h. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) values were as follows: protein 1.14 g/L, glucose 3.4 mmol/L, erythrocytes 22 · 10/L, leukocytes 112 · 10/L (67% neutrophils, 32% mononuclear cells). CSF and blood cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses remained negative. Investigation for Cryptococcus, adenovirus, enterovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Neisseria meningitidis were negative, and a cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan was normal. Lamotrigine was stopped. She received ceftriaxone 2 g twice daily until CSF cultures were negative on day 3. She developed mild leukopenia (3.3 · 0/L) and thrombocytopenia (78 · 10/L), and was discharged on day 4 with a diagnosis of presumed viral meningitis. Her headache gradually but incompletely resolved, but she was unable to return to work. On day 19, 1 h after recommencing lamotrigine, she developed a severe headache, photophobia, neck stiffness, vomiting, and dysesthesia. She was febrile (39.9 C) and tachycardic (100 bpm), with prominent conjunctivitis, periorbital edema, a systolic ejection murmur and symmetric hyper-reflexia, but an otherwise normal examination. She was again leukopenic (3.5 · 10/L, neutrophils 1.4 · 10/L), and had a normal electrolyte and hepatic screen except for a GGT of 364 U/L. Her CRP was <3 mg/dl and phenytoin was 6.6 mg/L. Repeated CSF microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination results were again negative. CSF protein was 0.38 g/L, glucose 2.6 mmol/L, erythrocytes 2 · 10/L, and leukocytes 32 · 10/L (98% neutrophils). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angiography and venography were normal. She was treated with ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and ampicillin until the results of the CSF culture were reported as negative. Lamotrigine was again discontinued. Her fever and meningism subsided rapidly; however, a mild right abducens nerve palsy later developed. Her illness was reported to the authorities and drug manufacturer. Three weeks later she had made a good recovery, although her abducens palsy had not completely resolved. Directed questioning revealed subtle ocular and oral sicca symptoms, and a diagnosis of Sjçgren's syndrome was confirmed by a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer (1:320) with a speckled pattern and positive Ro antibodies. Antibodies to ds-DNA, JO-1, RNP, SS-B, SCL-70, and SM were negative. A mild leukopenia continues, and her ESR has stabilized at 25 mm/h without treatment. Complete recovery from drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) after discontinuation of the causative agent is almost universal (Moris & Garcia-Monco, 1999; Kilfoyle et al., 2005). Recovery normally occurs over 2–3 days, but may take up to 14 days (Moris & Garcia-Monco, 1999; Kepa et al., 2005). Corticosteroids are rarely needed (Okada et al., 2003). The association between connective tissue disease and DIAM is often observed, but the majority of DIAM occurs in previously healthy patients (Moris & Garcia-Monco, 1999; Kepa et al., 2005). However, 59% of patients with recurrent DIAM have a connective tissue disease (Moris & Garcia-Monco, 1999). This case confirms that lamotrigine may cause DIAM, and that alternatives to lamotrigine should be considered for patients with connective tissue disease.


At present,the development of strategic emerging industry has become most countries' strategy.They want to seize the chance to occupy the high ground of economic and technological development.If we want to Cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries better,scientific and technological mechanisms play a necessary supporting role as an important ways,which can be used to break through the key technology,improve the efficiency of technology transformation,and expand the range of industry demonstration.This article analyzes the present situation of the development of strategic new industrial science and technology system,and then deeply analyze the causes,which constrain the system development and improvement,to make appropriate policy recommendations of reforming.


Objective To study the reading standards of SPECT molecular imaging of dopamine transporter(DAT) in healthy volunteers,in order to provide reference for analysis of abnormal images.Methods A total of 31 healthy volunteers were enrolled.SPECT scan with DAT specific radioligand 99mTc-TRODAT-1 was performed.Then the characteristics of DAT images from anatomical landmark,radioactive distribution and symmetry were quantitatively analyzed,and the line graph corresponding to the typical transverse section of DAT images was also drawn combined with anatomical atlas and MR images.Results The transverse section of bilateral corpora striatum of 26 healthy volunteers showed typical "panda eyes" pattern,bilateral caudate nucleus and putamen were almost equal,and the radioactive distribution of DAT was uniform and symmetrical,while of the other 5 showed "dumbbell shape" pattern.A total of 24 healthy volunteers showed round-punctiform bilateral amygdaloid nucleus.There were 6 healthy volunteers whose thalami were visible.No obvious non-specific distribution was observed.Conclusion All organizational structures of SPECT molecular imaging of cerebral DAT in healthy volunteers are clear and readable with high specificity.


167 Dignosis of Pulley-Belt System Faults Using Vibration Analysis Technique Ali Raad Hassan. Mechanical Eng. Dept. , UOT firstname.lastname@example.com Khalid Mohsen Ali Mechanical Eng. Dept. , UOT email@example.com Abstract This work presents the pulley-belt system faults like unbalance, misalignment, belt worm and resonance. Which dedicated by vibration analysis technique, this system built and an experimental results had been obtained to find out the types of faults that appeared in the manufactured system. A selected faults have been created where the resulted dynamic response has been analyzed. The vibration results obtained by manufactured system by sensors ADXL335 (3-axis accelerometer) mounted on bearing brackets of drive and driven shafts. These sensors connected to Arduino type mega 2560 (microcontroller) which sending the data of vibration to the laptop in order to display it in Sigview software as a time and frequency domain band by FFT (fast Fourier transform).The results of FFT explained the effect of each type of faults comparing with the optimum condition FFT of the system.


Since 1979, there have been many attempts to reform the management of public services,including public library services in the UK. ln this research, the strategies for reform of thepublic library management which were carried forward by the Conservative Party and those bythe Labor Party were compared and analysed to clarify their features. It was confirmed that the strategies by both the Conservative and the Labor were set inaccord with the principles of those for reform of the whole public services. The principles of theConservative strategies were promotion of privatization, management rationalization by voluntary effort, and creation of customer-oriented libraries. While those of the Labor strategies werepromotion of the library management in partnership with public, private and voluntary sectors,management rationalization at the initiative of the central government, creation of customeroriented libraries, and adaptation to information society. Model Statement of Standants developed by the Conservative was analysed and comparedwith ComPrehensive, EiEcient ana Modern Public Libraries developed by the Labor. The resultswere as follows:


The residual surface resistance of a number of films of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7}, prepared by off-axis sputtering onto MgO substrates, has been measured using parallel-plate resonator technique. Deposition conditions were kept constant, apart from the substrate temperature. There is no correlation between surface resistance and other important microscopic parameters, such as T{sub c} and c-axis lattice parameter. There is, however, a trend to higher R{sub s} with increasing volume fraction of in-plane misoriented material, although the correlation is not perfect. Furthermore, we have found that most of the misoriented material is localized at the film substrate interface and therefore is probably not responsible for most of the RF losses. The data suggest that at higher deposition temperatures, there is an increasing tendency for 45{degrees}-misoriented material to appear in the films, and it may be that a significant fraction of this material is present closer to the free film surface. STM qualitatively supports this conclusion.


/spl alpha/-sexithiethyl (/spl alpha/-6T) thin films were deposited by Organic Molecular Beam Deposition (OMBD) technique. The /spl alpha/-6T was synthesized and purified by the sublimation method. The thin films of the /spl alpha/-6T were deposited under various deposition conditions. The effects of deposition rate, substrate temperature, and vacuum pressure on the formation of these films have been studied. The molecular orientations of /spl alpha/-6T films were investigated with polarized electronic absorption spectroscopy. The molecules in the /spl alpha/-6T film deposited at a low deposition rate under a high vacuum were aligned almost perpendicular to the substrate. The film deposited at an elevated substrate temperature (/spl sim/90/spl deg/C) showed higher conductivity than the film deposited at room temperature.


In this paper, a fast back-projection (BP) algorithm based on time-delay surface correction (TSC) for two-dimensional arrays is proposed. For the range interpolation problem caused by the conventional BP algorithm, the echo data distance migration phase correction method is used to avoid range interpolation and improve the efficiency of BP algorithm while ensuring accurate target positioning. And the computational efficiency of the two methods is compared by the simulation. Then an array optimization design scheme using the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed for eliminating the grating lobes in the W-band sparse array. The feasibility of this method is verified by simulation.


In order to improve the performance of the pocket projector,a novel illumination system based on ultra-high brightness LED was developed.RGB LEDs with big emission area were used as the light source.The collection optics which is the key part of the illumination system includes a CPC and two condenser lenses.Tracing 2×10~6 rays in LightTools,The system uniformity is 92%,and the luminous flux on the DMD is about 4501m.This illumination system is more compact and brighter than conventional LED-based illumination system,it is very suitable used in pocket projector.


The paper analyzes the situation of ethnic groups in Dien Bien Province, Vietnam. At the same time, assessing the State's intervention in implementing policies to ensure social security for ethnic minorities in Dien Bien Province in Vietnam.


The anomaly detection in the video surveillance is the need of the hour to detect the anomalous events or objects under the emergency conditions. The main aim of the research is to develop an automatic anomaly detection strategy for the detection of anomaly in surveillance videos. Initially, the input surveillance video is subjected to object detection using threshold method and the object tracking is performed using the Minimum output sum of squared error tracking algorithm (MOSSE). Once the objects are tracked, the statistical and advanced texture features are extracted using the statistical models and advanced texture descriptor. Then, the feature vector with statistical and textual features is fed as input to the deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) classifier that classifies the video as normal or abnormal. If any anomalies are detected in the surveillance video, the object localization is done to track the location of the abnormal object in the video. The comparative analysis of the methods reveals the better performance of the deep CNN classifier with a higher accuracy of 92.15%.


The double nature of instrumentalism and humanism education for TEFL at college level is presented.It is stressed that the language teaching process is conductive to the cultivation of humanism,philosophical reasoning,scientific thinking,and the development of constructive personality and aesthetic taste.The discussion is meaningful for finding a principle to guide the profession at present.


The importance of studies aimed at assessing the residual resource of the components and components of the mechanical system of the rolling stock operated on the Ukrainian railways is substantiated. As the basic unit of the rolling stock involved in the suburban transportation of passengers, electric trains are allocated. The importance for the mechanical system of motor-car rolling stock traction gears was noted. The necessity of determining the laws of distribution of the main characteristics of the traction gear operation is substantiated. The expediency of considering the value of tooth wear along the dividing circle as one of the main characteristics of the gear drive operation was noted. Features of the statistical analysis of the results of measuring the gear teeth and the wheels of traction gears of ER2, ER2P and ER2T electric trains operating on the southern railway during a three-year period of operation (2015-2017) are considered. The tooth thickness values for dividing chords are presented in the summary table in the form of arrays for gears and gears with the corresponding value and series of rolling stock, the date of measurement. Based on the results of statistical processing of these arrays, corresponding matrices are formed, the elements of which are the probabilities of occurrence of different wear, the corresponding mathematical expectations and the general variance. Using the obtained matrices for the traction gears of the series of electric trains studied, histograms and corresponding laws were constructed to distribute the probabilities of occurrence of a particular wear. It is noted that during the analysis of the obtained diagrams, laws were obtained which correspond to the steady-state regime on the wear curve and do not exceed the allowable or reject dimensions. Prospects for using the results obtained in predicting the residual service life of traction gears of tractive rolling stock are considered.


Earth's space environment is becoming crowded and at risk of a Kessler syndrome[1], and will require careful management for the future. Modern low noise high speed detectors allow for wavefront sensing and adaptive optics (AO) in extreme circumstances such as imaging small orbiting bodies in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics (RSAA) at the Australian National University have been developing AO systems for telescopes between 1 and 2.5 m diameter to image and laser range orbiting satellites and space debris. Strehl ratios in excess of 30% at 800 nm can be achieved for targets in LEO with an AO loop running at 1.5 2 kHz, allowing the resolution of small features (<50 cm) and the capability to determine object shape and increase orbit determination accuracy.


The automatic stacking technology for the iron core of motor stator and rotor was presented,including the classification of stacking form,the geometry and distribution of skew riveting stacking compression points,the depth of stamping and the way of parting of iron core stacking.Some key points in designing this kind of dies were introduced for references.


In this paper, we propose an enhanced intra block copy method for intra prediction in HEVC through planar perspective transformation for urban building scenes. Since the imaging plane of the camera is not always fronto-parallel to the facades of buildings (object plane) in the image, repetitive patterns on object plane in 3D space appear with scale shift in the image, and the corresponding redundancy cannot be removed through conventional intra block copy based on translational motion model. To solve this problem, we start with theoretic analysis to perspective transformation, and get that the two-parametered planar perspective transformation is the cause of scale shift. Therefore, intra block copy can be enhanced via rectification through planar perspective transformation, whose detailed parameters are derived through vanishing points detected in the image. To achieve the best performance, rate-distortion optimization is utilized to determine whether planar perspective transformation would be used in intra block copy for coding unit (CU) or not. In this way, we enable much more flexible prediction for both non-local translational and non-local perspective repeated image content. Experimental results show that our proposed method can achieve as the highest as 9.9% and averagely 2.9% bit-rate saving on the test images for urban building scenes compared to conventional intra block copy on HEVC platform.


Climate change has affected the Pacific Islands with increased sea levels, and the contamination of freshwater with saltwater, which has become a serious problem for plant development. Bioassays were performed to examine the effects of salinity on root and shoot development of in-vitro sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and effects on the seedling growth of pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis). Sterilized stems with one or two nodes of sweet potato cv. Liberty were placed in in-vitro Murashige & Skoog solid media with NaCl concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. Newly emerged roots and shoots were recorded on the 18th days after initiation of the experiment. For the second bioassay, two pakchoi cultivars, 'Speedy' and 'Bino,' were tested for seedling development in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% NaCl solutions. The fresh weights of seedlings were recorded on the 15th day. Simple statistics and ANOVA were performed to compare plant growth. Sweet potato explants generated more roots (14.8) in control (0%) than those in 0.5% (6.9), 1.0% (5.4), and 1.5% (5.2) (n=12, p<0.05). The number of shoots was greater with control (5.4) and 0.5% (5.2) than those in 1.0% (3.0) and 1.5% (3.8). Both pakchoi cultivars showed seedling growth only in 0% and 0.5% NaCl solutions. No growth was observed in 1.0% and 1.5% solutions. Seedling fresh weight of 'Bino' was greater than 'Speedy' (n=5, p<0.05).Tolerance level of pakchoi varied between two cultivars. Increasing salinity had a negative impact on plant growth.


AFLP was first used to study 16 mango cultivars and 7 mango rootstocks, and 6 AFLP selective primer pairs devoted 204 clear bands. The genetic relationships of some mango cultivar pairs and those of some mango rootstock pairs were studied by their Band Sharing. The Band Sharing average of the mango cultivars was 83%, and their variant range was 70%~94%. For the rootstocks, the Band Sharing average and the variant range were 80% and 53%~96%, respectively.


Oil Palm Kisan Mobile Message Services was launched with an objective to disseminate oil palm technology through mobile message services to the stakeholders' viz., oil palm growers, officials of State Department of Agriculture / Horticulture, oil palm processors and scientists. A total of 13,834 unique mobile numbers were collected. Seventy two message contents were developed and published two types of messages to mobile numbers viz., 1. Message through Short Message Service (SMS) in text form. A total of 54 text contents were prepared in vernacular languages and sent to 3.12 lakh mobile numbers as SMS with a delivery percentage of 81 per cent. 2. Message in the form of Voice calls with a total of 41 contents were pre-recorded and sent to 3.61 lakh mobile & landline numbers and delivery percentage was 42.9 per cent .Feed back on published SMS and voice messages revealed that majority of the respondents are in the age group of 41-60 years; having young plantations, having 5- 8 year old plantations; having secondary education; belong to small and big/large farmers category. Majority of them are receiving the messages; regular in reading/listening the messages. They have indicated that the messages are audible; language is understandable; message is useful; relevant to their crop growth; messages are being discussed/spread and adopting the practices disseminated through SMS/Voice messages. They preferred mode of mobile service through voice or SMS or both; would like to have weekly messages; indicated that messages are accurate, brief and clear. Usefulness of the subjects is as follows viz., irrigation, fertilizer application, and disease management and weed control.


Alienation in Fanie Viljoen's BreinBliksem (2005)
Fanie Viljoen's BreinBliksem (2005) depicts an alternative youth subculture in contemporary South Africa ; a subculture that parallels those found in the US and Europe. Melvin Seeman's (1959) theory of alienation identifies five aspects of alienation: powerlessness, meaninglessness, normlessness, social isolation and self-estrangement. With reference to recent post-modern and systems theory reinterpretations of Seeman's theory, notably Geyer (1996), Kalekin-Fishman (1998), and Neal & Collas (2000), as well as sociological research on the alternative music subculture, this study explores how alienation theory manifests in Viljoen's novel and aims at a better understanding of the milieu represented in BreinBliksem. Furthermore, suggestions are made as to why the text was received so positively, by arguing that the literary text exists in an open systemic relation with its environment, and that it therefore not only draws on its environment, but that it also provides a fictional space with which a large number of readers can identify.


The 6016 aluminum alloy was artificially aged at different aging temperatures and time. The effects of Cu on microstructures, hardness, tensile properties and corrosion resistance of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied. The results show that the grains of the alloy added Cu are refined and new phase Q (AlCuMgSi) appears, and the mechanical properties of the alloy in T4p state are improved and the time to reach the strength peak is shortened. The intergranular corrosion resistance of the alloy decreases with the aging time, and turns to pitting corrosion in the later stage, and it suggests that the intergranular corrosion resistance of 6016 aluminum alloy added Cu is reduced.


Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of microencapsulation on the bioactive properties of clove essential oil (CEO). The CEO was microencapsulated into various wall materials, including maltodextrin (MD) and sodium caseinate (SC), and their combination with gum arabic (GA) and gelatin (G), through freeze-drying. The effects of wall material blend (MD-SC, MD-SC-GA, and MD-SC-G) on microencapsulation efficiency, morphology, in vitro release profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The MD-SC blend offered the best microencapsulation properties in terms of encapsulation efficiency (86.22%), ideal microcapsule shape, and maximum release rate (85.98%). Microencapsulation extended the radical scavenging time of the CEO. DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities of MD-SC microencapsulated CEO were 83.61% and 82.96% inhibition, while values were 76.37% and 80.03% inhibition for free CEO, respectively. Antimicrobial activities of microencapsulated and free CEO were investigated against eight microorganisms with in vitro (broth microdilution technique) and in-situ tests. Both free and CEO-loaded microcapsules were able to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, except for Bacillus cereus, at the same concentration. Microencapsulated CEO exhibited weaker antimicrobial activity on Gram-negative bacteria than free CEO. The influence of the pH of fruit juices and components of milk on the antimicrobial activity of microencapsulated CEO was also evaluated. Microencapsulated CEO may have different antimicrobial effects depending on the pH and content of the food. This study showed that microencapsulation of CEO increased the application dose for antimicrobial effect in foods.


In 2018-2019, a number of universities in Moscow and Minsk conducted a sociological and ethno-psychological study of the image of Russia and Belarus from the point of view of students from the two countries. In terms of information and sanctions pressure on Russia and Belarus, it was important to study how Russian and Belarusian youth react to the current conditions. How do they percept the image of Russia and Belarus? What are the ethnic characteristics the youth of the both countries ascribe to each other? When young people feel a sense of pride and patriotism for their country? The authors also study features of the ethnic identity of the youth of the two countries. The results of the study showed that despite the difficult ethno-political situation in the world, the youth of Russia and Belarus demonstrate positive attitude both to their own nation and to the neighbor people.


Solar assisted air conditioning systems using liquid desiccants represent a promising option to decrease high summer energy demand caused by electrically driven vapor compression machines. The main components of liquid desiccant systems are absorbers and regenerators. However, high efficient and validated reliable components are required and the design and operation have to be adjusted to each respective building design, location, and user demand. Simulation tools can help to optimize component and system design. The present paper presents new developed numerical models for absorbers and regenerators, as well as experimental data of a regenerator prototype. The models have been compared with a finitedifference method model as well as experimental data.


AIM To further investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of pioglitazone, the mRNA expressions of S100A8 and S100A9 in synovium and peritoneal macrophages of gouty arthritis or peritonitis rats induced by monosodium urate (MSU) monohydrate crystal were observed. METHODS Acute gouty arthritis or peritonitis was induced with once injection of MSU into rat ankle joint cavity or peritoneal cavity, respectively. Rats were treated with pioglitazone (20 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) for 5 d, beginning on 3 d before MSU injection. On the day of model induction, MSU was injected 2h after pioglitazone administration. The mRNA expressions of S100A8 and S100A9 in rat synovium at 48 h and macrophages from peritoneal cavity at 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after MSU injection were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS In normal rats, very low levels of S100A8 mRNA and S100A9 mRNA (0.01±0.01, 0.20±0.07) in synovium and even none of them in peritoneal macrophages could be detected. In gouty arthritic rats, however, higher levels of them (1.21±0.20, 1.44±0.20) were detected at 48 h after MSU injection, and pioglitazone treatment could attenuate the levels (0.26±0.14, 0.25±0.16). In rats with peritonitis, the mRNA expressions of S100A8 and S100A9 in peritoneal macrophages were markedly increased at 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after MSU injection, and the expressions at 48 h (S100A8 mRNA: 1.17±0.38 vs 0.03±0.02; S100A9 mRNA: 0.90±0.31 vs 0.10±0.01) and 72 h (0.70±0.20 vs 0.02±0.01; 0.77±0.10 vs 0.02±0.01) were down-regulated by pioglitazone administration. CONCLUSION Pioglitazone can ameliorate MSU-induced inflammations. The mechanisms may be related to its inhibitory effect on mRNA expressions of S100A8 and S100A9.


Public participation in environment area can be classified into four modes,that is,institutionalized individual participation,individual protests,collective protests and social organization's participation,which are different from each other regarding the dimensions of participant's motivations,the methods and the outcomes of participation.Social organizations and collective protests should be emphasized since they reflect current environmental participation.Social organizations,trying to avoid conflicts with government,begin to play a role in policy advocacy.However,collective protests have much greater confrontations and mainly try to protect their rights.


The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has brought a huge shock to the world stock markets, especially to the airlines in the service industry. It can be seen that the occurrence of public emergencies is an important factor affecting the airline stock market, which will have a significant negative impact in the short term. In addition to that, due to the international business activities of airlines, exchange rates, and international fuel prices will also have a greater impact on the airline stock. Although airlines can reduce the impact of these factors through active control, the depreciation of domestic currency or the rise of international oil prices will still have a negative impact on the airline stock market in the short term.


The stern royalist Act of 12 Car. 2, c.30 in 1662 reprobated the "abominable" regicide of Charles I on 30 January 1649 (n.s.). The act mandated that on every 30 January every Anglican church or chapel in every parish in British dominions should read a sermon deploring the murder and imploring God's forgiveness for so horrid a national crime. Such sermons soon indeed were heard in Britain's 10,000 parishes and generally were hostile to the ever guilty Dissenters waiting to repeat the act if given a chance. The (High) Church of England must support the monarch and be supported by him. No bishop no king. By at least as early as 1680, however, many were troubled by the "madding day" brutal sermons. Dissenters protested their loyalty. Lower-church Anglicans sought peace and comprehension, as in Gilbert Burnet's sermon in 1681 on Zacharia 8.19. Better to strike the thirtieth of January from the calendar than to continue thus. Let the mourning and rage end; let "joy and gladness" return. Such an attitude increased in spite of regular denigration. The High Church itself began to be vilified as the true traitor, as in the Atterbury treason trial of 1723; the Hanoverians promised stability and healthy and numerous heirs. The tone of the sermons gradually changed. For example, Swift's sermon in 1726 berates his parishioners for not fully understanding why they must reject any confession other than the Anglican. The regicide heirs have preserved their ancestral political and religious attitudes. Be careful or they will cut your throat. Samuel Johnson is more temperate in his undated sermon. The regicide was a sign of destructive envy, both in its own right and because it ignored alternatives, like legal restraint upon the crown. Swift places the regicide in a political and national context. Johnson places it in a psychological and human context. Sterne's comparably undated sermon regards regicide as "trespass," almost as a property crime against general goodness. The British people should do better, but they are blessed in their government and good fortune. Sterne's visual rhetoric so like that in Tristram Shandy's dash-laden pages, gives us a conversational and casual tone for a once ominous topic. The thirtieth of January sermons become markers in the evolution of culture. The sermon and the culture have evolved from rage, to rational and psychological discourse, and then almost to indifference.


IT is my very pleasant duty this afternoon to make the presentation of the First Fritz London Award to Dr. Nicholas Kurti. In doing so, I shall act on behalf of the 1957 Fritz London Award Committee which has the following members: Dean F. G. Brickwedde. Professor W. M. Fairbank, Dr. E. F. Hammel, and Dr. H. O. McMahon, and myself as chairman. I am also acting on behalf of the whole organization of the Fifth International Conference on Low‐Temperature Physics and Chemistry, at which biennial conferences these awards are to be, we hope, a regular feature. I also act on behalf of the sponsors of the award, the Arthur D. Little Foundation.


Secondary metabolites are important for various industrial applications. The production of secondary metabolites is often improved by the activation of substrate supply pathways for biosynthesis. However, many important pathways have remained unclear. In this study, we explored possible pathways related to substrate supply for the biosynthesis of the antifungal agent FR901469 which is a nonribosomal peptide and a fungal secondary metabolite. To clarify the unknown activated pathways, we utilized the Comprehensive Pathway Model (CPM) which was developed in our previous study. We verified that the overexpression of the hypothetical beta-alanine-aminotransferase (BAL-AT), which was included in the explored pathways, improved the FR901469 productivity. The genes encoding the BAL metabolic enzymes are considered to be important for improving the FR901469 productivity.


Phaseo/us arcelin proteins are known to be involved in resistance mechanisms to bruchid pests in plants. The mechanism of action against the larvae is still unclear, but it seems to be related to the oligomeric state and stability of the protein in solution. The solution state of arcelin-5 variants was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography and a molecular model of arcelin-5c was built and compared with the structure of arcelin-1 and phytohemagglutin-L.


The G-values for the formation of H/sub 2/ and CH/sub 4/ in the Co/sup 60/ gamma radiolysis of the xylene isomers and ethylbenzene were compared. The presence of iodine does not affect G/sub H2/, but reduces G/sub CH4/ a limiting value. For p-xylene, G/sub G2/ and the unscavengeable CH/sub 4/ yield are independent of temperature from 20 to 110 deg C, whereas the total CH/sub 4/ yield increases six-fold over this range. The H/sub 2/ and CH/sub 4/ yields are greatiy reduced in the solid state, and in the liquids state benzene shows a protective effect on the yields of both gases. The formation of CH/sub 4/ and C/ sub 2/-hydrocarbons was compared with the C/sub 6-/ and C/sub 7-/products for p- xylene and ethylbenzene, and isomerization is shown to occur to a negligible extent. The production of high-molecular-weight products was measured for the xylenes, and is independent of dose rate and temperature for liquid p-xylene, but is decreased in the solid state. The results are qualitatively consistent with the reactions of radicals and excited molecules. (auth)


The contraction of the binomial series at the end points of the contracting area is a difficuit problem. Based on the inequality of 12·34 … 2n-12n≤13n+1,the writer has deduced two primary inequality, through which to prove the contraction of some binomial series and what is beyond the geometric progression at the end points of the contracting area.


Using low-stringency hybridization to the rat brain glucose transporter (GT), a 2489-base-pair cDNA clone was isolated from a rat soleus AgtlO cDNA library. It encodes a 509-amino acid protein whose sequence and predicted membrane structure is very similar to those of the rat brain and liver GTs. The muscle GT-like protein is 65% identical in amino acid sequence to the rat brain GT and 52% identical to the rat liver GT; the major differences are in the Nil2and COOH-terminal hydrophilic segments. This GT-like mRNA is expressed predominately in tissues where glucose transport is sensitive to insulin, including striated muscle, cardiac muscle, and adipose tissue; low-level expression is also detected in smooth muscle and kidney mRNA. This GT-like cDNA is the fourth member of the mammalian GT-related gene family identified to date. We propose that it encodes an insulin-sensitive GT. Glucose is the primary energy source for virtually all mammalian cells and its specific transport across plasma membranes is mediated by one or more glucose transport proteins (1). The brush border of small intestine and proximal kidney absorptive epithelial cells contains a Na+-coupled glucose transporter (GT), used to transport glucose up its concentration gradient from the lumen into the cytosol (for review, see ref. 2). These, as well as all other cells, are thought to use a facilitated diffusion GT(s) that transports glucose down its concentration gradient. The best characterized is the human erythrocyte GT (1, 3, 4). To date three distinct mammalian GT or GT-like cDNAs have been cloned and sequenced. One, called the erythroid cell/brain GT, is present in large amounts in erythroid cells and in the endothelial cells that form the blood-brain barrier (5-7). The second, the liver GT, (8, 9) is found in liver plasma membrane, in small intestine and proximal kidney tubule epithelial cells, and in the , cells of the islets of Langerhans, where it has been proposed to participate in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (8). The third is expressed in fetal muscle and in many nonmuscle adult tissues (10). The predicted structures of all three GT-related proteins are similar. Each is thought to contain 12 membrane-spanning a-helices, with both the NH2 terminus and COOH terminus facing the cytoplasm. An exoplasmic loop between presumed a-helices 1 and 2 is of variable length and bears the single N-linked oligosaccharide. A long hydrophilic segment connects presumed helices 6 and 7 and, at least in the erythroid cell GT, faces the cytoplasm (11). The high-affinity GT of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (12) has sequence homology to, and shares a similar predicted secondary structure with, the erythroid cell/brain GT, as do several bacterial proton-sugar symport proteins (13). The Na+-glucose cotransporter has an unrelated sequence and a different predicted membrane structure (14). Within 10 min after the addition ofinsulin to rat adipocytes, there is a 20to 30-fold increase in the Vma, of glucose transport (for review, see refs. 15 and 16). In 3T3-L1 adipocytes insulin triggers GT translocation from intracellular vesicles, near the trans face of the Golgi apparatus, to the plasma membrane, resulting in a 2-fold increase in the number of plasma membrane GTs (17). However, this accounts for only a fraction of the increase in glucose uptake. There is also considerable activation of plasma membrane GTs, but the nature of this modification is unknown (18, 19). Phorbol esters appear to mimic insulin's action on glucose transport (20) and recent data suggest that diacylglycerol may mediate the effect of insulin-stimulated glucose transport in adipocytes (21). The nature of the modification to the plasma membrane GTs that causes an increase in transport activity is unknown, except that it apparently does not involve phosphorylation of the GT (22, 23). Intracellular vesicles containing a GT have been purified from nonstimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes (24) and rat epididymal fat cells (25, 26). These vesicles contain a protein immunologically related to the erythroid cell/brain GT, but controversy exists as to whether this protein is distinct from the erythroid GT (24-27). It is also disputed whether or not the Km for import of extracellular 2-deoxyglucose or 3methyl-O-glucose is affected by insulin treatment (28-33). These observations raise the possibility that the basal and insulin-stimulated transport activities may represent distinct molecular species of GTs, or different modifications of the same polypeptide. The status of GTs has not been studied as extensively in striated skeletal muscle. Immunofluorescence microscopy of rat skeletal muscle showed that perineurial cells contain proteins that are immunoreactive with antibodies prepared against the erythroid GT. The muscle cells themselves do not contain proteins immunoreactive with the erythroid GT (34) but may contain other GT proteins (35). Here we present the sequence§ and tissue distribution of a putative GT isolated from a rat soleus muscle cDNA library. Based upon the correlation between the tissue distribution of this putative GT and the insulin-responsive nature of these tissues, we propose that this clone may encode an insulinresponsive GT. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA Library Screening. A rat soleus AgtlO cDNA library (gift of V. Mahdavi and B. Nadal-Ginard, Children's Hospital, Boston) was plated at a density of 5 x 104 plaque-forming units per 150-mm Petri dish on a lawn of Y1090 cells (36). Biotrans nylon filters with a pore size of 0.2 ,um (ICN) were Abbreviations: GT, glucose transporter; cRNA, complementary RNA; TM, transmembrane region. §The sequence reported in this paper is being deposited in the EMBL/GenBank data base (accession no. J04524). 2535 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 2536 Biochemistry: Charron et al. used for plaque lifts. The filters were baked for 2 hr (80'C), autoclaved for 1 min at 1100C on the liquid cycle of an autoclave, washed 40 min in 0.2 M NaOH/1% NaDodSO4 (50'C), and rinsed thoroughly with distilled water (8). Lowstringency hybridization of the filters was performed by prehybridizing for 3-4 hr at 420C in 25% (vol/vol) formamide/5x SSC (lx SSC = 150 mM NaCI/15 mM sodium citrate, pH 7.0)/Sx Denhardt's solution (lx Denhardt's solution = 0.02% polyvinyl pyrrolidone/0.02% Ficoll/0.02% bovine serum albumin)/50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0/1% NaDodSO4/poly(A) (100 gg/ml)/5 mM EDTA. Filters were then hybridized at 420C for 20 hr with 32P-labeled RNA (1-2 x 106 cpm/ml) transcribed from the Xho I-Sac I fragment of prGT1, a segment that encodes the rat brain GT (6). The plasmid was a gift of 0. Rosen (Memorial Sloan-Kettering, New York) and M. Birnbaum (Harvard Medical School, Boston). The filters were washed in 25% formamide/5x SSC/1% NaDodSO4 (42°C) for four 30-min periods. They were dried on Whatman 3 paper and exposed to Kodak XAR5 film in the presence of a DuPont Cronex Lightning Plus intensifier screen for 20 hr at -70°C. All positive clones were purified by three additional rounds of hybridization screening. Seven positive clones were amplified and DNA was prepared (37). The clones, when digested with EcoRI, released inserts ranging in size from 500 base pairs (bp) to 2.5 kilobases (kb). These fragments were then size-fractionated on a 0.8% agarose gel, transferred to nylon in 20x SSC by the method of Southern (38), and hybridized to the 32P-labeled complementary RNA (cRNA) used to screen the library; the stringency of the washes was systematically varied between 25% formamide/5x SSC/1% NaDodSO4 (42°C) and 0.1x SSC/0.1% NaDodSO4 (65°C). DNA Sequencing and Computer Analysis. Overlapping restriction endonuclease fragments spanning the entire clone were subcloned into the replicative form ofM13mpl8 and/or M13mp19 (Pharmacia) and sequenced by the method of Sanger et al. (39) using the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I, the 17-mer universal primer (Pharmacia) or custom synthesized oligonucleotides (Research Genetics, Huntsville, AL), 35S-labeled dATP (Amersham), and 7deaza-dGTP (Boehringer). Reaction products were resolved on 6% polyacrylamide/buffer-gradient gels (40). Percent nucleic acid sequence identity calculated was determined for the coding regions only using the ZIP program with a scanning window of 100 (41). Predicted protein sequences were aligned using the ALNED program (Protein Identification Resource staff). Percent sequence identities were compiled based on the number of possible matches. RNA Preparation and Northern Blots. The acid phenol/ guanidinium isothiocyanate method of Chomczynski and Sacchi (42) was used to prepare total RNA from tissues of male Sprague-Dawley (CD) rats (180-200 g) perfused with ice-cold isotonic phosphate-buffered saline. RNA was separated by electrophoresis on 1.2% agarose/formaldehyde gels (43) and blotted onto Biotrans nylon membranes (ICN) using 20x SSC (44). The filters were hybridized to cRNA probes prepared using T7 RNA polymerase (Stratagene) by the method of Melton et al. (45). For preparation of the rat muscle GT cRNA probe, the entire EcoRI fragment was subcloned into the Bluescript KS vector (Stratagene) and linearized with Sal I prior to transcription. Hybridizations were in the same solution as described above at 60°C for 1620 hr using 25% formamide for low stringency and 50% formamide for high stringency. Filters were washed as described above and in the figure legends. Northern blots were probed with a mouse tubulin cDNA to normalize the amount of total RNA loaded in each lane. A 1.8-kb Pst I fragment containing a mouse tubulin cDNA (gift of R. Martinez, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA) was labeled with [32P]dCTP by the random-priming method of Feinberg and Vogelstein (46). Hybridization and washes were as described in the legend fo


This paper aims to study Equity holders'(EHs) discipline in three GCC countries, Bahrain, the UAE, and KSA for the period (2004-2014). We test bank risk monitoring in the 2008 crisis period by comparing the perceived risk proxied by BETA during the pre-and post-crisis episodes. We find significant differences in BETA values in Bahrain and the UAE. Then, we use the fixed effect model and the random effect model to regress BETA on CAMEL variables measuring bank risk. We study bank reaction by regression relevant CAMEL variables to EH monitoring on BETA of a lagged period. Our results show that in Bahrain, the coefficients of the variables Liquidity and Size are significant. Thus, EHs, in Bahrain, monitor their bank using financial information on Liquidity and Size. However, we find no responsiveness of the banks to this monitoring. Thus, there is no evidence of EHs' discipline in GCC countries. We contribute first, to fulfilling the gap in market discipline literature in Emerging countries, specifically, Bahrain, KSA, and the UAE. Second, we shed light on the market discipline of a special type of banking-IBs. Third, we innovate a new monitoring signal, BETA values assessed by EHs.


Magnetic helicity is a physical parameter used to quantify the complexity of magnetic fields, providing an indication of the energy state in the coronal magnetic structure. We investigate the temporal evolution of magnetic helicity and its relationship to the occurrence of a variety of flares in the solar active region NOAA 12297, which was well observed using the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager in 2015 March. The active region produced many M-class flares and an X-class flare in two distinctive areas, both of which had a similar magnetic evolution, i.e., the opposite polarity of an emerging flux developed beside a preexisting sunspot, but exhibited flares with different magnitudes and frequencies. We derived the spatiotemporal evolution of the magnetic helicity injections and evaluated how spinning and braiding helicity injections evolved with time in the two areas. In one area, we observed a remarkable evolution, in which a negative spinning helicity injection in the preexisting sunspot increased in a positive helicity system, followed by the occurrence of the X-class flare. The negative helicity injection was clearly caused by the flux emergence that developed along the outer edge of the preexisting sunspot. The other area showed positive braiding helicity injections, with spinning helicity injections fluctuating concurrently with flux emergence, changing their signs several times, i.e., variable energy, and helicity input. The observed temporal behaviors of the helicity injections may explain different types of flare occurrences in the regions.


In the article, art and museum activities were analyzed with resort to the methodology proposed by M. S. Kagan. It is disclosed that these activities are in complete identity as for communicative interaction. This allows using the methodology to develop models of museum communication, applied to the museum of all profiles.


Doctoral students are often popularly portrayed as early career researchers and/or academics, engaged single mindedly in esoteric research projects; in other words, they are perceived as boffins. However much this may have been true (or not) in the past, this is certainly not the case in the 21st century. New routes to doctoral qualification have proliferated in recent years and with this growth and diversification the learner identities of the participants engaged in doctoral programmes has also broadened and diversified.
Adopting a case study approach, based upon the narratives of 15 professional doctorate students who entered the programme over the age of 40, this study aimed to critically explore the reality of learner identities of these older adults engaged in higher degree study.
This qualitative study has explored in depth and detail, the motivational factors driving this student group to embark upon a professional doctorate in mid- to later-life. The identities of these candidates have also been explored through the rich, qualitative data collected in the one-to-one semi-structured interviews that formed the basis of the project.
Five significant findings resulted from the analysis and discussion of the qualitative data. The first was that a strength of the particular doctoral programme examined in the case study was that it offered people in mid- to later-life educational opportunities that may have been denied to the, for various reasons, at an earlier stage in the life-cycle. A second finding was that the professional doctorate was attractive to professional people because it provided a staged entry into academia and allowed the professional experience and competences of the candidates to become an integral part of the admissions procedures. The third finding related to the diverse learner identities of the participants. The fourth finding suggests that postgraduate study in general, and doctoral study in particular, can be life enhancing and provide measures of inclusion and social justice that may have been denied to people in earlier life. The study concluded on the fifth finding, that the professional doctorate would be improved by being embedded more firmly in a work-based or workplace learning approach which would further support the strong professional identities of the project participants.


The information on the tourism sector becomes more and more important for its good performance. The tourists need as much information as they can get before they travel, to help them choose and plan their destinations. Besides, they need information during the trip or stay. They often use brochures or travel books but they also link themselves to the Internet or other electronic channels of information.

The Institutions themselves need to organize and structure their internal information in order to achieve a better management that enables an easy and efficient access to their customers and partners. In this context the Computerised Reservation Systems have arisen and they are the lead of the growth and development of the tourism sector in the last decades.