Dear Editor, We read with great interest the excellent article by Dutkiewicz and Friedman [1]. The authors critically reviewed the available literature for the diagnosis of autonomic dysfunction, also known as dysautonomia, in Parkinson disease (PD). Dysautonomia includes many different medical conditions caused by autonomic nervous system failure, and is among the most important nonmotor symptoms in PD, present in 14% to 80% of PD cases [2-4]. Dysautonomia has also been seen in inherited forms of PD, which occur in approximately 5% to 10% of patients with PD [5,6] Here, we briefly discuss dysautonomia in the most common monogenic forms of PD. Dysautonomia in PD gene mutations differs among affected patients [6]. Some pathogenic PD mutations have only been reported in a single family, making general assessment difficult. In addition, the description of dysautonomia in these studies is only clinical, without more objective measures such as tilt test, autonomic reflex screening, (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123MIBG), and others [6]. Dysautonomia is probably best characterized in SNCA mutation carriers. Occurrence of orthostatic hypotension and tachycardia were reported in 11 of 21 patients with SNCA triplications [7]. SNCA duplications are not fully penetrant, but 15 of 44 symptomatic patients with SNCA duplication had orthostatic hypotension with cardiac sympathetic denervation and reduced cardiac 123MIBG uptake [7]. Of the 60 individuals known to be affected with Contursi kindred with p.Ala53Thr SNCA mutation, dysautonomia was reported in only 1. However, later analyses of 22 additional families (dysautonomia data available for 26 patients) that shared the same p.Ala53Thr SNCA mutation revealed that orthostatic hypotension, urinary incontinence, and central hypoventilation were present in 6 of 26 patients [8]. Dysautonomia was reported in most patients with p.Gly51Asp and p.Glu46Lys SNCA mutations. However, data were collected only in single families with these mutations (dysautonomia reported in 3/3 and 4/5) [6]. LRRK2 mutations are the most common cause of autosomal dominant PD worldwide. The clinical phenotype seen in carriers with the LRRK2 mutation is similar to that seen in patients with idiopathic PD. In a Japanese study, only 1 patient out of 5 had reduced 123MIBG cardiac uptake, and a Spanish clinical study comparing 33 LRRK2 patients with 33 sporadic PD patients found no difference in urinary and gastrointestinal dysfunction [9, 10]. A rare mutation associated with autosomal dominant PD is VPS35 p.Asp620Asn, with reports of orthostatic hypotension and constipation similar to those observed in patients suffering from idiopathic PD [11]. CHCHD2 mutations are also a rare cause of autosomal dominant PD. In the first Japanese study, 2 of 12 affected family members had orthostatic hypotension [12], which was also observed in another CHCHD2 study (7/13 patients) [13]. Autosomal recessive PD is characterized by an early age of onset, usually before age 50. PRKN is the most frequently reported autosomal recessive PD gene, and patients usually have a tremor-dominant PD subtype. Dysautonomia is uncommon in PRKN homozygotes/ compound heterozygotes [14]. PINK1 is the second most frequently reported mutation in autosomal recessive PD. Both clinical phenotype and occurrence of dysautonomia are similar to those in patients with PRKN. These patients usually exhibit orthostatic hypotension and urinary dysfunction in about 22% and 44% of cases, respectively [14]. In yet another extremely rare form of autosomal recessive PD—in this instance, due to VPS13C homozygous/compound heterozygous mutations— affected patients develop urinary dysfunction early in the disease course and usually before 40 years of age [15]. SNCA and VPS13C are associated with the most severe dysautonomia compared to other forms of genetically inherited PD. Dysautonomia is not the main nonmotor feature in PRKN, LRRK2, and VPS35 mutations (Table 1); rather, its presence and frequency is most likely affected by the different cellular mechanisms leading to compromise in cell function in these genes. Systematic and prospective studies of dysautonomia in other genetic forms of PD are warranted. DYSAUTONOMIA IN INHERITED PARKINSON DISEASE


The present invention provides a hermetic rotary compressor. In the two shaft end of the rotor (1) is formed with a peripheral portion (5a), an inner diameter which is formed with the lower periphery of the large diameter portion (5b) on the inner side of the large-diameter portion is a pair of axial center of the rotor is greater than (1) the inner diameter, and biased in the radial direction of the crankshaft (2) forms an internal flow path (14) and the discharge hole (. 2A), the passage (14) formed on the crankshaft (2) of the refrigerant flow, the vent hole (2a) of the flow passage (14) formed in the crankshaft (2) of the outer circumferential surface of the at least one discharge port, at least one exhaust port is formed in the compression section with the large (20) on one side of the lower side position relative to the inner circumferential surface of the inner circumferential diameter portion (5b) of the.


The confession of faith in God is the earliest basic potential given to every human being. But unfortunately, the aspect of practice ('amal) which is a follow-up of cognitive and affective faith are mostly ignored. The main question posed in this study is: What is the character of the faithful based on the term 'faith' in the Qur'an? The paradigm used is the paradigm of integrative science and religion, and this study is library research, use thematic interpretation (tafsir maudhu'i). The object of this study is the text of the Qur'an, the vocabulary of the Qur'an explaining the term 'faith', there are 877 verses. The results of this study conclude that the psychology of the characters to be developed are: (1) The belief; (2) The wisdom; (3) The justice; (4) The courage, (5) The compassion; and (6) The simplicity.


SUMMARY This paper outlines metadata issues for documents created for a Web-based environment concerned with issues of best educational practices. Metadata describing the documents related to educational practice must be able to describe context of the practice. Moreover, document structure itself is problematic because, in a Web-based environment, a document that appears on a user's workstation as a single object may in fact be an assembly of linked, yet discrete, documents residing in distributed databases. The paper discusses in detail the problem of describing the context of practice, a distributed document architecture, and metadata based on the Dublin Core and GEM metadata standard. The paper ends with a discussion of weaknesses of the Dublin Core when documenting physically distributed documents.


Background: Postoperative hematoma remains the most common complication in rhytidectomy, prompting surgeons to use a multitude of adjunctive measures to prevent its occurrence. The goal of this systematic review was to determine which of these measures are supported by strong evidence, and to highlight those that remain unsubstantiated and require further investigation. Methods: A systematic search was performed of the PubMed and Embase databases for English literature from 1975 to March of 2020 containing designated keywords, and focusing specifically on adjunctive measures aimed at preventing hematoma in rhytidectomy. The resultant articles were then systematically screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria to determine eligibility for inclusion in the study. Results: The keyword search yielded a total of 2391 articles. Title and abstract screening resulted in 103 articles that were eligible for full-text review. Ultimately, 48 articles met final inclusion criteria. The articles were categorized into their particular mode of intervention: fibrin tissue sealants, perioperative medications (anesthetics, antihypertensives, miscellaneous medications), and intraoperative maneuvers (hemostatic agents, preinfiltration, intraoperative maneuvers, and drains). Nine studies were indexed as evidence Level II and 24 as evidence Level III. The remainder of studies constituted Level IV evidence. Conclusions: Adjunctive interventions have been borne out of necessity in efforts to reduce postoperative hematoma after rhytidectomy. Although many of these interventions have promising results, the current literature supports the senior author's (R.J.R.) experience that an evidence-based, multimodal approach is ideal to minimize the rates of hematoma after rhytidectomy.


In the course of examinations of Bob-white quail from Texas, three acanthocephalans were found in one bird and one in another. They represent a new species of the family GIGANTORHYNCHIDAE Hamann, 1892, genus Mediorhynchus Van Cleave, 1916. The quail viscera for examination were supplied by Mr. Valgene W. Lehmann; Dr. Asa C. Chandler directed the study. Dr. Harley J. Van Cleave and Dr. Donald V. Moore loaned specimens of other species from their collections for comparison. Mediorhynchus colini new species Diagnosis: Characters of the genus. Male unknown. Females 24 to 31 mm long by 0.6 to 1.0 mm wide. Body slender, ribbon-shaped. Pseudosegmentation slight. Cuticular vascular ducts prominent. Proboscis conical, 288 R wide at base and 292 R long, bearing 84 hooks, each 31 to 35 R long (including the root) and arranged in twelve spiral rows of 7 hooks each. Counted in longitudinal rows, there are twenty-four rows of alternately 3 and 4 hooks. Spines on posterior part of proboscis 26 to 28 R long, arranged in about forty longitudinal rows of 3 spines each. Proboscis receptacle a double-walled muscular sac 1.08 to 1.25 mm long by 274 R wide; both walls thicker dorsally than ventrally. Some of inverter muscle fibers of proboscis emerge from receptacle at posterior margin of outer sac. Retractor muscles of proboscis inserted with proboscis receptacle at boundary between hooks and spines. Lemnisci 3.48 to 3.56 mm long, each with 8 or 9 nuclei. Ovoid brain in center of anterior part of proboscis receptacle. Nearly-mature eggs, in body cavity, with granular outer shell, 29 to 36 R by 18 to 21 R. Host: Colinus virginianus texanus, Texas Bob-white. Location: Jejunum. Locality: Kleberg County, Texas. Type: Mature female mounted on two slides, U. S. Nat. Mus. Helm. Coll. No. 36998.


This paper discusses training structure and procedure about inversible system of neural network. Subsequently, selection of training sample is focused on. Finally, the paper proposes some principles and ways to obtain training sample of inversible system.


[2] [3] Gastrulation is an early stage in embryo development in which the blastula [4] reorganizes into the three germ layers [5] : the ectoderm [6] , the mesoderm [7] , and the endoderm [8] . Gastrulation occurs after cleavage but before neurulation [9] and organogenesis [10] . Ernst Haeckel [11] coined the term; 'gaster', meaning stomach in Latin, is the root for 'gastrulation [12] ', as the gut is one of the most unique creations of the gastrula [13] . Gastrulation is an early stage in embryo development in which the blastula reorganizes into three germ layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. Gastrulation occurs after cleavage but before neurulation and organogenesis. Ernst Haeckel coined the term; gaster, meaning stomach in Latin, is the root for gastrulation, as the gut is one of the most unique creations of the gastrula.


This article discusses new digital research projects by historians, sociologists, and legal scholars that recover previously unrecorded cases of racist violence in the twentieth century and bring them into public view for the first time. New cases are expanding current understandings of the past by documenting lynchings, racially motivated homicides, police killings, church bombings, and nonlethal types of violence that have targeted multiple racial and ethnic groups. Early findings from these projects show that we only have a glimpse into widespread practices of racial terror in the United States. I argue for collecting broader sets of data about victims, surviving relatives, aggressors, and events in the aftermath of violence, because doing so will create new possibilities for studying widespread historical trauma, institutional traces of racist violence, and public understanding of increasingly urgent historical lessons. To keep the humanity of victims central to recovery efforts, I suggest that researchers can learn from community preservation and memorialization practices.


A scheme based on conical-like scan method is proposed to solve the problem of the missile capture with phased array radar. The factors, which affect the missile capture process, are analyzed. The direction cosine measurement variance, which is the main factor dealing with the radar signal processing, is decreased by applying the weighed least square estimator with conical-like method. The measurement variance is derived and different beam packing arrangements are discussed. The triangular packing arrangement, as an example, is specially analyzed. Finally the scheme is described step by step to fit for programming.


Social progress has accelerated the pace of people's life and work, and consumers are more inclined to buy products that are convenient and beneficial to health. At present, the fruit juice industry in Thailand is in a rapid development period, the number of fruit juice manufacturers is increasing and many food factories are beginning to turn to the fruit juice market to occupy a certain share, so the variety of fruit juice products is increasingly rich and the pressure of enterprise competition is increasing. Malee Group Public Company Limited (Hereinafter referred to as "Malee Group") is one of the largest fruit juice companies in Thailand. Malee company's fruit juice is also the company's key product, with a large market share, but always ranked second. In recent years, due to the fierce competition. The sales volume is increasing while the profits are sharply decreasing. In this paper, Malee Group company as a case study, using literature analysis combined with data analysis and other ways to systematically comb the company's market positioning and 4P market model. In the process of research, the company's market resource advantages, core competitiveness and practical problems are clarified. Then SWOT analysis and comparative analysis are used to carry out in-depth research on companies and competitive enterprises. At the same time, the author also carries on the related market research to Malee company through the way of questionnaire survey to understand the customer demand and the market situation more deeply, so as to put forward the improvement suggestions for the future development of the enterprise more reasonably and effectively.


Roe v. Wade has done more than legalize abortions and become a talisman for the ideological packing of the federal judiciary. It has resulted in the death of tree after tree, all in the cause of more and better constitutional theory. Whatever the initial interest, over time the outpouring has grown very stale. Thus when Laurence Tribe's new book, Constitutional Choices, devoted its preface and first two chapters to blasting theory, my heart grew warm. Maybe more constitutional writing will turn away from jurisprudence and back to reality. A nice starting point might be the facts of the cases, because it is the facts-reality, if you will-that give constitutional law its force. As a small contribution, I wish to discuss two recent and obscure decisions: Energy Reserves Group (ERG) v. Kansas Power & Light (KPL)t and Hawaiian Housing Authority v. Midkijf.2 Both decisions were unanimous, bringing together Justices Brennan and Rehnquist and everyone in between. This perhaps helps to explain their obscurity. Unanimous decisions are unlikely to have either the factual or legal complexity of most of the Court's work. Or so we may think. But in each of these cases the opinion contains a telltale sign that something was amiss. When the Court offers such hints, we ought to take a close look at what is happening. ERG contains the following sentence: "Although prices in the intrastate market have diverged somewhat from those in the interstate market due to the recent shortage of natural gas, the regulation of interstate prices effectively limits intrastate price increases."3


To adapt well to the requirement for all-around and creative talents in the 21st century,and to train students to have technical skill engaged with research and manufacture,this article put forward and carried out a new educational mode named "menu mode",which can exert students' subjective initiative and inspire their interests to improve the teaching quality,and to achieve the better teaching effect too.


Novel glass surfaces with quasi-hexagonally arranged gold nanoparticles to control motor protein immobilisation and motor protein dependent microtubule transport were applied. We first show that the kinesin-like motor protein Eg5 adsorbs efficiently and selectively to gold nanodots comprising a molecular motor nanopattern, while the glass surface between nanodots is passivated by a layer of polyethylene glycol in order to reduce non-specific interactions of individual motors with the substrate. We show that the motor nanopattern and density is indeed controlled by the gold nanodot density. We then use these motor protein arrays to investigate the kinetics of microtubule transport and find that the characteristics of the molecular motor nanopattern influence the characteristics of microtubule transport. This finding describes new biomimetic surfaces of molecularly controlled motor protein surface densities.


Richard Gilman-Opalsky has spent the past several years reflecting on recent revolts in countries such as Brazil, Egypt, Greece, Mexico, and the United States. His reflections have led him to the conclusion that these insurgencies have a great deal to teach us about political change and his latest book is an exploration of the lessons to be learned from these events embedded in an unabashed championing of revolt in all its forms: from culture jamming to violent insurrection. As such, Specters of Revolt: On the Intellect of Insurrection and Philosophy from Below speaks to those who study as well as to those who seek to engender political transformations. While Specters of Revolt speaks to scholars and activists alike, it seems destined to violate the sensibilities of constituents in both camps: being too partisan for some scholars and too densely theoretical for some activists. Nevertheless, this book suggests a number of directives that warrant the attention of anyone interested in the dynamics of political change. Among the most important such directives are the following: First, we need to reconsider the conventional "social movement" approach to political change. Specifically, we need to rethink the notion that momentous political change occurs almost exclusively through the efforts of large scale organizations (however loosely structured) with


The water deficit interferes in the boron (B) uptake by eucalyptus, causing shoot dieback in young plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of shoot dieback in Eucalyptus benthamii submitted to doses of boron and water regimes in a Humic Cambisol of the Southern Plateau of the state of Santa Catarina. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse (Lages-SC) in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with three replications, adding 0, 0.55, 1.1 and 2.75 g boron plant -1 in the soil, and three water regimes (60, 80 and 100% of the field capacity). The stem diameter and the plants height were measured, using a visual analysis of dieback. The dry mass and boron contents in the tissues and in the soil, were also determined. Water deficiency affected negatively dry matter but it was not affected by boron application. The highest occurrence of shoot dieback was observed in the treatments without addition of boron and in the more restrictive water regime. Fertilization with 0.55 g boron plant -1 in soil was sufficient to avoid shoot dieback.


Summary Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, a commonly growing plant in industrial effluent affected areas, was selected for observation of the effects of industrial effluents on chromosomal and DNA levels. Five differ ent industries ̶ (i) Textile (ii) Pesticide (iii) Tannery (iv) Ceramic and (v) Pharmaceutical ̶ in and around Dhaka City were selected for this study. The diploid chromosome number 2 n =28 was found in the specimens collected from textile, pesticide and tannery effluent-affected areas similar to the control. However, 2 n =38 were observed in the plant sample collected from Ceramic and Pharmaceutical areas. The probable reason for increasing chromosome number was non-disjunction of certain chromosomes at anaphase due to inhibition of spindle formation. The fluorescent karyotypes of the plant showed significant differences between the samples and the control. Fluorescent banding (CMA and DAPI) revealed the occurrence of probable genomic reshuffling by deletion and tandem duplication. The different plant samples of the species had characteristics RAPD fingerprinting. Lack ing of some DNA fragments in some sample plants may correlate to the deletion of chromosomal parts. Simi -larly, some new fragments in the sample plants may correspond with the tandem duplication of the chromosomal part. Therefore, the substances present in the industrial effluents affected on the chromosome and DNA level of Colocasia


IN 1959, six years before he authored the study that would remake America's segregated public schools, James S. Coleman found himself face to face with a very different foe: the inscrutable desires, evolving tastes, and secret motivations of the post-World War II American teenager. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] At the time, Coleman was head of Johns Hopkins University's Department of Social Relations (later renamed the Department of Sociology). He had just spent two years studying the "climate of values" at several midwestern high schools, interviewing students about their academic lives, their social lives, school culture, and their rapidly evolving teen culture. Deep within the data, he found what he considered the root of the underachievement crisis in American high schools: a management structure that misunderstood teenagers and fundamentally misused student incentives. For more than 50 years, Coleman's findings in this study have been overshadowed by those of the Coleman Report. But scholars and educators would do well to revisit Coleman's earlier focus on student culture and motivations if we're to understand, in his words, "why and for whom educational institutions fail." That Coleman in 1959 saw a direct link between teen culture and high school achievement is significant. Though the first public high school opened in Boston in 1821, for more than a hundred years, the majority of American teens were otherwise engaged. Most didn't hold a high school diploma until 1940. The byproduct of more universal schooling--or perhaps its main product--was the American teenager, "a New Deal project" much like the Hoover Dam, wrote cultural critic Thomas Hine. Actually, Hine noted, the word "teenager" first appeared in a 1941 Popular Science article. Compulsory education gave rise, inevitably, to mid-20th-century teen culture, and in quick succession, to nearly every cultural artifact we now associate with teens, most of them tied to breakthroughs in technology. Cheaper automobiles, color printing, and better amplification brought us car culture, comic books, and pop music--who can imagine a crooning Frank Sinatra screaming his way through the 1942 Paramount sessions? A generation later, another technological trio--birth control pills, synthesized LSD, and multitrack recording--brought us sex, drugs, and rock-and-roll. Coleman hadn't much cared for high school himself. Born in Indiana in 1926, he attended high school in Greenhills, Ohio, then in Louisville, where each year two rival schools fought bitterly on the football field. The teams' annual face-off, played on Thanksgiving Day, "flavored the whole school year," he later recalled. Coleman joined the team and would later write that the "boys who counted in the school were the first-string varsity football players." Other than football, nearly nothing held his interest. Years later, he'd write of hitchhiking to football practice one day, thinking to himself: "If only they would not destroy in us the interest with which we came to school, I would ask for nothing more." [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Coleman ended up at Columbia University, where a chance dinner conversation with friends near the end of his tenure there got him thinking about how the culture of one's high school can have a life-changing impact--actually, it was that conversation that got him studying schools in the first place. When he began interviewing high school students a few years later, he discovered that little had changed. In schools from the inner city to the most privileged suburbs, teens were intensely social, spending most of their free time playing sports and hanging out. "Adults often forget how 'person-oriented' children are," he wrote in 1959 in the Harvard Educational Review. "They have not yet moved into the world of cold impersonality in which many adults live." The paradox of modern schooling after World War II, he found, was that just as our complex industrial society made formal education more important, adolescent culture was shifting teens' attention away from education, prompting adolescents to squeeze out "maximum rewards for minimal effort. …


OF THESIS EFFECTS ON SEMEN QUALITY AND ON ESTABLISHMENT OF PERSISTENT EQUINE ARTERITIS VIRUS (EAV) INFECTION IN STALLIONS FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL CHALLENGE WITH THE KENTUCKY 84 (KY84) STRAIN Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is the causal agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a disease of equids. Following EAV infection, up to 70% of stallions may become carriers and continuously shed the virus in their semen for varying time periods. The long-term carrier stallion has an important role in the transmission and maintenance of EAV in horse populations. Recently, it has been demonstrated a correlation between in vitro susceptibility of CD3 T lymphocytes to EAV infection and establishment of long-term persistent infection among stallions following natural infections. In this study, we investigated whether stallions with in vitro EAV susceptible CD3 T lymphocytes are at higher risk of becoming long-term carriers compared to those with the resistant phenotype following experimental infection with the KY84 strain of EAV. Furthermore, we investigated whether there is a significant effect of EAV infection on semen quality during acute phase of the infection. The data suggested that the establishment of the long-term carrier state seems to be associated with the in vitro CD3 T lymphocyte susceptible phenotypes and that reduced semen quality resulted from the combined effect of fever and scrotal edema observed following EAV infection rather than the direct effect of the virus.


Background: Sudden cardiac death is a serious problem in public health and it affects >110,000 people /year in Japan. However, overall survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) is still low (6.3%) and predicting factors of OHCAs are unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical factors of patients with OHCAs to evaluate the prognostication score for prediction of the long-term prognoses by dividing their age. Methods and Results: We analyzed 750 consecutive patients of OHCAs with internal cause (July/2008-June/2010). They were divided into 2 groups by the age of 70 (<70 [n=293], ≥70 [n=457]) and the clinical parameters were compared between survivors and non-survivors. In the age of <70, 1 month survivors and patients with good neurological outcome were 34 and 25. The multivariable analysis exhibited 9 independent predicting factors;1) public space where the cardiac arrests were happened (odds rate [OR]:8.0, 95%confidence interval[CI]:1.7-50.2), 2) bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitatio...


Thank you for downloading a directional borehole radar system for subsurface imaging. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this a directional borehole radar system for subsurface imaging, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their laptop.


Never quite isolated from the world but nonetheless always keen to control its international relations, Ethiopia is a recent convert to extraversion: the country has engaged into in-depth political, economic and social reform. The lower scales are transforming under the pressure of the global. To respond to the federal government's commands, infra-national scales are attempting to seize long-awaited development opportunities. Ethiopia is becoming glocal: the local is coming into direct contac...


The invention discloses a drainage protection plate which comprises a corrosion-resistant panel, wherein a polyethylene structural plate is arranged on the lower surface of the corrosion-resistant panel, and connected with the corrosion-resistant panel by a positioning bolt; a permeable pipe is vertically mounted between the polyethylene structural plate and the corrosion-resistant panel; the top of the permeable pipe stretches to the external side surface of the upper surface of the corrosion-resistant panel; the bottom of the permeable pipe stretches into a vacuum plastic-sucking plate; the vacuum plastic-sucking plate is connected with the polyethylene structural plate in a clamping manner; protection plate parts are mounted in the polyethylene structural plate and positioned on the two sides of the permeable pipe; the protection plate parts are ofright triangle structures; one surface of the long edge of each protection plate part is fixed on the permeable pipe; air holes are formed in the vacuum plastic-sucking plate; and a permeable plate is mounted on the lower surface of the vacuum plastic-sucking plate. The drainage protection plate is suitable for a waterproof drainage plate for an engineering tunnel, an underground adit, and a top layer of a building for planting, is complete in structure, high in compressive strength, good in air permeability, and high in corrosion resistance, and can exert a certain fire prevention function, and the possibility of rapid burning of the drainage protection plate due to excessively high temperature is low.


Abstract—One of the most important factors for air pollution is that the concentrations of PM10 maintain a constant trend, with the exception of some places where that frequently surpasses the allowed ranges established by Colombian legislation. The community that surrounds the Universidad Libre Bogotá is inhabited by a considerable number of students and workers, all of whom are possibly being exposed to PM10 for long periods of time while on campus. Thus, the chemical characterization of PM10 found in the ambient air at the Universidad Libre Bogotá was identified as a problem. A Hi-Vol sampler and EPA Test Method 5 were used to determine if the quality of air is adequate for the human respiratory system. Additionally, quartz fiber filters were utilized during sampling. Samples were taken three days a week during a dry period throughout the months of November and December 2015. The gravimetric analysis method was used to determine PM10 concentrations. The chemical characterization includes nonconventional carcinogenic pollutants. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used for the determination of metals and VOCs were analyzed using the FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) method. In this way, concentrations of PM10, ranging from values of 13 μg/m to 66 μg/m, were obtained; these values were below standard conditions. This evidence concludes that the PM10 concentrations during an exposure period of 24 hours are lower than the values established by Colombian law, Resolution 610 of 2010; however, when comparing these with the limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO), these concentrations could possibly exceed permissible levels.


Objective To establish a method for determination of 3'-chloromethylacetophenone in the air of ketoprofen workplaces. Methods The 3'-chloromethylacetophenone was sampled using activated carbon tube and then desorbed by ethyl acetate. All the components were determined by gas chromatograph with FID after complete separation with FFAP capillary column. Results This method presented a linear relation within 5-1 000 μg/ml, r value was 0.999 2. The detection limit was 1.67 mg/m3. Desorption efficiencies were 92.2%-101.5%. The break through volume of 100 mg of activated carbon was 5.0 mg. Conclusions The present method is feasible for determination of 3'-chloromethylacetophenone in workplace air.


We comment on both recent progress and lingering puzzles related to research on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). MTJs are already being used in applications such as magnetic-field sensors in the read heads of disk drives, and they may also be the first device geometry in which spin-torque effects are applied to manipulate magnetic dynamics, in order to make non-volatile magnetic random access memory. However, there remain many unanswered questions about such basic properties as the magnetoresistance of MTJs, how their properties change as a function of tunnel-barrier thickness and applied bias, and what are the magnitude and direction of the spin-transfer-torque vector induced by a tunnel current. r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


C18H19F6N2O2P, monoclinic, C1c1 (no. 9), a = 8.2953(2) Å, b = 20.7322(3) Å, c = 11.5293(4) Å, * = 92.737(2)°, V = 1980.5 Å, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.030, wRref(F) = 0.070, T = 233 K. Source of material The title compound was synthesized from 1-hydroxy-2-methylimidazole-3-oxide and benzyl bromide in the presence of NaHCO3 and isolated as the PF6 salt in analogy to known procedures [1,2]. The intermediate 1,3-dibenzyloxy-2-methylimidazolium bromide had a melting point of 65 66 °C and thus qualifies as an ionic liquid. It should be mentioned that the reaction did not work with benzyl chloride [3]. Colourless single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of a methanol solution of the product at room temperature (mp. 154 155 °C). This hexafluorophosphate was converted to the low-melting triflimide (m.p. 44 45 °C) as usual [1,2], another ionic liquid. However, no suitable crystals of the bromide or triflimide were obtained. IR and NMR data of the three compounds are available in the CIF. Experimental details Two different orientations of the anion PF6 were found in a ratio 7.:.3. The ratio 7 : 3 was determined by varying the occupation of the major and minor positions until nearly equal isotropic displacement parameters were obtained. The resulting ratio was then used for the anisotropic refinement. Discussion Imidazolium salts which incorporate labile N-O moieties are very rare [1-4]. Substituted 1,3-dibenzyloxy derivatives have been reported previously [4]. This is the first crystal structure of a 1,3dibenzyloxyimidazolium salt. The analogous 1,3-dimethyloxyimidazolium cations have been found to exist in anti and syn conformations [2]. In the present case, the two benzyloxy groups adopt a syn conformation. The hexafluorophosphate anion exhibits a partial orientational disorder with occupancies of 0.70 and 0.30. The atoms F1 and F2 form the rotation axis. There are several weak C−H···F contacts significantly shorter than the sum of van der Waals radii: d(H4A···F6A) = 2.40 Å, d(H5A···F3) = 2.27 Å, d(H5B···F4A) = 2.60 Å, d(H12A···F6) = 2.39 Å, d(H12A···F4A) = 2.36 Å, and d(H12B···F3A) = 2.50 Å, respectively. Symmetry code: (i) 1/2+x,3/2−y,1/2+z; (ii) x,y,1+z. Z. Kristallogr. NCS 224 (2009) 595-596 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2009.0261 595 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: colorless plate, size 0.04 × 0.4 × 0.4 mm Wavelength: Mo K+ radiation (0.71073 Å) .: 2.10 cm−1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Nonius Kappa CCD, #/% 2,max: 49.98° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 6097, 3341 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 )(Iobs), 3142 N(param)refined: 300 Programs: SHELXS-97 [5], SHELXL-97 [6], SHELXTL [7] Table 1. Data collection and handling. H(2) 4a 0.7540 0.6173 0.8467 0.058 H(3) 4a 0.7703 0.7102 0.9795 0.057 H(4A) 4a 0.8935 0.8000 0.5969 0.082 H(4B) 4a 0.7351 0.8344 0.6372 0.082 H(4C) 4a 0.7216 0.7748 0.5514 0.082 H(5A) 4a 0.9784 0.6484 0.5927 0.061 H(5B) 4a 0.8749 0.6152 0.4900 0.061 H(7) 4a 0.7584 0.5072 0.5223 0.066 H(8) 4a 0.7931 0.4076 0.6092 0.080 H(9) 4a 0.9749 0.3954 0.7668 0.075 H(10) 4a 1.1136 0.4838 0.8404 0.072 Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Å). Atom Site x y z Uiso


The influence of supplementing enzyme preparations made of three Aspergillus species (A. niger DB106, A. oryzae NM1 and A. niger XP) isolated from Vietnam on growth and performance of broiler chickens were investigated individually and in combination. In a completely randomized design, 270 of 30 day-old broiler chicks (Luong Phuong strain) were divided into 9 treatments with 3 replicate of 10 chicks per pen. Treatments were a dietary control (group 1) without enzymes and diets supplemented with enzyme preparations individually or in combinations to produce the other treatments (group 2-9). At the end of the feeding trial, 6 chicks per replicate were sacrificed to evaluate carcass and meat characteristics. The results as experiment finished of 5 weeks later demonstrated that the body weight gains were improved in approximately 6-16% with enzyme addition individually and from 14.5-27.2% (P < 0.05) with addition of enzyme combinations. The effect of the combination of enzyme preparations from three species of Aspergillus showed the highest efficacy on BWG of chickens (27.2% compared to control group), which were much higher than the effect of Green enzyme (11.6%) from China that is available in Vietnam market. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was reduced in all experimental groups compared to the control (P < 0.05). The meat quality and carcass characteristics of chickens in all groups were not altered under the effect of the enzyme preparations. This finding demonstrated that these enzyme preparations are safe and very prospective preparation for the fattening broiler chickens.


Families with food allergy (FA) are at risk of reduced quality of life and elevated anxiety. A moderate level of anxiety may be beneficial to sustain vigilance for food avoidance; however, excessive anxiety may increase risk for burden and maladjustment. The current study presents a framework for understanding the patterns of adaptation to FA across families and to identify typologies of families that would benefit from intervention.


We measured the dynamic I–V characteristics and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission lines of the second continuum in xenon (170 nm) and argon (130.5 nm) from pulsed microhollow cathode discharges (MHCD). For pulse lengths between 1 and 100 μs the dynamic I–V characteristics are similar in both inert gases. Only the time variation of the VUV emission line at 170 nm for xenon can be related to the dimer excited states. In argon the energy transfer between the Ar2* dimers and the oxygen impurity atoms is responsible for a qualitatively different time behavior of the resonance line at 130.5 nm. Consequently, the relative VUV efficiency reveals an inverse dependence on the electrical pulse lengths for the MHCD in xenon and argon, respectively.


Parasitic wasps play major role in sustainable agriculture through their ability to regulate population of herbivorous insect pests and nutrition is the key component to the success of the parasitoids. In the present study, the effect of nutrition was revealed by a significantly higher survival of both male and female parasitoids when fed on sucrose and other vitamins as compared with water fed and unfed. The survival of adult wasps was also not much affected when different concentration of vitamins was tested except for pyridoxine in which survival of adult wasp was inversely related to concentration. Female parasitoids lived longer than the male in all treatments as well as in control. Parasitisation by female T. chilonis showed no significant difference except pyridoxine which showed lowest parasitisation percentage. The sex ratio in all treatments showed female biased populations except pyridoxine which showed male biased population. The present study may be helpful to select the best artificial food source which can be artificially sprayed in the field to increase the longevity and parasitisation potential of T. chilonis Keywords: Survival, Parasitisation, Trichogramma, Sex-ratio, vitamin, sucrose


This research aimed to measure the microbiological, chemical composition profile and fermentative characteristics during storage of fresh olive bagasse, in natura and incorporated with corn, soybean and rice brans, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized, with the plots constituting the four main treatments (olive bagasse in natura or with added corn, soybean and rice brans, respectively), and the subplots allocated the three sampling times, which corresponded to time zero (at the ensilage moment) and 28 and 56 days of ensilage. The fermentative characteristics (dry matter content [DM], pH and ammoniacal nitrogen [NH3-N], microbiological profile (populations of filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteria and Clostridia) and chemical composition profile (mineral matter, organic matter, crude protein [CP], ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) were determined. The corn grain and rice meal treatments, which demonstrated pH 4.08 and 3.96 at 28 days of fermentation, respectively, provided the best fermentation profile. After storage for 56 days, the samples with added soybean and rice meal reached the highest levels of CP (166.15 and 93.78 g kg-1 DM), respectively. Increasing the storage period reduced the pH of the obtained silages but increased the losses of DM, NH3-N and contributed to the losses of some nutrients. Rice meal and corn grain have been recommended to be used as additives in olive bagasse storage. However, the choice of additives studied is dependent on their commercial availability in each region.


The rapid development and increasing popularity of mobile devices have facilitated the development of computation‐intensive applications and services, but their constrained compute, storage and battery capabilities have also created the requirements for optimized resource provision and service orchestration. Emerging mobile edge computing (MEC) and next‐generation networks (6G) can meet these requirements of mobile devices by migrating complex computing tasks and large volumes of data to edge servers with acceptable latency, thus effectively enhancing the quality of experience (QoE) of mobile users. Intelligent Vehicular Collaboration, as an intelligent mobile application or service in intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) applications, enables precise and effective driving decisions based on a large amount of real‐time traffic information statistics and intelligent analysis of vehicle status to improve the user driving experience and the efficiency of intelligent transportation systems(ITS). However, the openness and dynamics of wireless communications and the high frequency of information interaction of MEC‐enabled intelligent vehicular collaboration services in the 6G era make them highly vulnerable to cyber attacks. How to achieve dynamically trustworthy, secure, and intelligent vehicular collaboration services in the presence of malicious node access and cyber attacks in the 6G MEC‐enabled vehicular network is a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel blockchain‐enabled trust management mechanism to address this challenge. First, we design a spatiotemporal‐correlated message credibility assessment method and a dynamic mutual trust evaluation method to obtain accurate ratings for messages and mobile nodes respectively. Based on the above methods, we propose an improved blockchain‐based intelligent trust management mechanism that enables transparent, tamper‐evident, and trustworthy secure intelligent vehicular collaboration services while maintaining stable and efficient system performance. Simulation results show that our suggested solutions can efficiently evaluate the trust level of ICVs and achieve efficient and secure intelligent vehicular collaboration with acceptable communication and computation overheads.


In recent years, there's been strong demand for coastal structures that have a permeability that serves water affinity and disaster prevention from wave attack. The aim of this study is to examine the wave transformation, including wave run-up that propagates over the coastal structures with a steep slope. A numerical model based on the nonlinear shallow water equation, together with the unsteady nonlinear Darcy law for fluid motion in permeable underlayer and laboratory measurements was carried out in terms of the free surface elevations and fluid particle velocities for the cases of regular and irregular waves over 1:5 impermeable and permeable slopes. The numerical results were used to evaluate the application and limitations of the PBREAK numerical model. The numerical model could predict the cross-shore variation of the wave profile reasonably, but showed less accurate results in the breaking zone that the mass and momentum influx is exchanged the most. Except near the wave crest, the computed depth averaged velocities could represent the measured profile below the trough level fairly well.


The neutral meson was introduced(1) in order to account for the far that the proton-proton (P-P) force and proton-neutron (P-N) force L1 nuclear forces are equal. Since then, attempts have been made to disco ,r neutral mesons in cosmic-raysY) These experiments consist in placihg counters above and below various substances and examining the transformation of charged mesons into neutral mesons inside matter. At first affirmative results were obtained, but later, it became clear, due to researches by Rossi and the Nishina Laboratory,CR) that these results do not imply the existence of neutral mesons but are due to the scattering and shower of charged mesons, thus giving the attempts to discover phenomena relating to neutral mesons within cosmic-rays a negative conclusion. Simultaneously, it was found by Sakata and Tanikawa(4) that the neutral meson has an extremely short life-time, 10-16 sec., and decays into a photon, thus explaining why neutral mesons are not to be observed in cosmic-rays. However, it has become possible to discuss the existence and nature of neutral mesons on the ground of other experimentsY) This is connected with the change in the way of conceiving the structure of cosmic-rays, following the experiments of Schein and his co-workers,c6) They made balloon observations in regions near the top of the atmosphere (pressure 2 cm. Hg; less than 1 radiation unit), and obtained the following results: i. e., the number of charged particles vertically penetrating lead layers of thicknesses 4.--18cm. does not depend on the thickness of the layer, and moreover these particles produce almost no showers within the lead (less than a few percent). This leads to the conclusion that electrons with energy


The article presents the psychometric evaluation and description of a technique used to define rule differentiation given by senior preschool children in a normative situation. The results of the calculations of indicators for discrimination ability, external validity, internal coherence and retesting reliability are considered.


A new approach to automatic generation of tile mosaic images containing square tiles suitable for the information hiding purpose is proposed. The generated tile mosaic image contains no overlapping tiles, and the orientations of the tiles are deterministic. The properties of the generated image allow simple tile feature detection, and result in efficient data embedding and extraction. The orientations of the tiles are utilized to embed data, and in this work an invisible watermark is embedded for the copyright protection purpose. Experimental results demonstrate that the watermark is still recognizable with malicious damages to the copyrighted image.


Whether for treatment of an infection or management of a contaminated open injury, irrigation and débridement is among the most-common procedures orthopaedic surgeons perform. While its name seems backwards—I commonly remind our trainees that débridement should precede irrigation—this does not diminish the prominence of this procedure in our practices. For the last 100 years or so, the irrigation ingredient of choice has been sterile saline solution. At the end of it all, we're just delivering clean water with a bit of added salt to an infected or open wound. Prior attempts at adding ingredients to improve the disruption of bacterial adherence or biofilm (generally, surfactants or pressure) or to increase the solution's toxicity to bacteria (using antiseptics or antimicrobials) have added little, or even were harmful, in animal studies or clinical trials [1, 4, 5, 6, 8]. Why can't we do better than salt water? Perhaps we can. Enter saline ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a potential, and potentially better, alternative to salt water. Widely used in both medicine and industry, EDTA functions as a chelating agent for heavy metal poisoning in humans [3], and also to prevent blood from clotting in laboratory tubes. By chelating metal ions (notably calcium, zinc and magnesium), EDTA can prevent bacterial adhesin formation, and thus prevent bacteria from adhering to host tissues [2]. In both an in vitro and in an in vivo rodent model, Zhu and colleagues [9] demonstrated no difference in endothelial and fibroblast toxicity versus saline, fewer positive cultures and infections versus both saline or soap for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and fewer débridements to achieve negative wound cultures in both the contaminated and infected models. The orthopaedic rule of thumb is to irrigate with 3 L, 6 L, or 9 L of fluid for small, medium, and large/severe wounds [1], a process that is necessary ... and boring. Indeed, irrigation, both as a surgical activity and a topic of scientific study sometimes seems dull.


There exists a very serious problem of the lack of control and supervising subject which leads to the low capacity of management and loss of state-owned capital.The suggestion that the third part such as the investor can function as the supervisor is not valid because of the lack of necessary foundation and promotion.The basis of such statement is that the investor in China must practice the objectives of the government in managing different enterprises.


Purpose: Limited data are available on expression of receptors to adhesion molecules, a marker of endothelial cell activation, and cytokines by the three human monocyte subsets after MI. The interleukin-6 receptor (IL6r) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a disease of inflammatory aetiology. We evaluated the dynamics of monocyte subset expression of receptors to vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1r), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1r), and IL6r after MI. Methods: Expression of VCAM-1r, ICAM-1r and IL6r was quantified by flow cytometry in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD,n=40) and on days 1, 3, 7 and 30 post ST-elevation MI (STEMI,n=50). Monocyte subsets were defined as CD14++CD16–(Mon1), CD14++CD16+(Mon2), CD14+CD16++(Mon3). Results: On day1 after STEMI, VCAM-1r expression was reduced on Mon1 (p=0.002), Mon2 (p=0.007), Mon3 (p=0.005). There was no change in monocyte ICAM-1r expression after MI, whilst its expression on Mon1 reduced by 30 days (p=0.001). IL6r expression was reduced on Mon2 after STEMI, with gradual upregulation on Mon1 and Mon2 during follow-up.


This paper examined how Rungwe people are coping with the hazard of HIV/AIDS in the context of on-going systemic changes (globalization monetization the decline in smallholder farming and changes in the gender division of labor). A variety of existing discourses were used to interpret the phenomenon of HIV/AIDS in particular Christianity and notions of "tradition". A most notable observation from this study is the extent to which rural women in Rungwe have acquired greater independent power and control over economic activities and incomes in a general context of growing impoverishment. In addition structures of male domination are threatened by the growing dependence of rural households on the cash incomes of women be they poor or rich. This has occurred in part because of the reversal of fortunes for men who have experienced a steady decline in farm incomes wage incomes and formal wage employment. These developments have been reinforced by structural adjustment and liberalization policies which have undermined the sustainability of smallholder farming and livestock-keeping. The growing autonomy of women has consequences for their greater sexual freedom but also portends their greater risk.


Optical schemes of aplanatic and afocal compensators of field curvature and astigmatism are considered. A method of their design is proposed and application guidelines are presented. An example of designing a double-lens objective with an extended field and one compensator is presented.


This paper studies the impact of social trust and formal legal and institutional determinants of capital accumulation in a panel of countries. It reports that formal determinants and trust interact, and that the two are substitutes. Specifically, the marginal impact of formal legal institutions decreases with trust, and vice versa. These findings apply both to total investment and to its foreign component, foreign direct investment.


The attacks of advanced P2P botnets become critical threats to the Internet security. Nowadays, powerful botnets creates to make this botnets stronger and immune from any prevention techniques. Hence, studies of attack pattern required on detecting and restructuring the security of the network that has been attacked. This paper proposes a new generalization of P2P botnets attack pattern that conducted within host and network atmosphere. In each attack steps, the investigation of P2P botnets has been conducted to identify the characteristics and the behaviors. Then, detailed analyses on infected files have been conducted that cover both of host log and network log in different OSI layer via hybrid analyzer. This P2P botnets hybrid analyzer can be abstracted to form P2P botnets attack patterns. In advances, this paper verifies the new discovery attack pattern has achieved new level of accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, this P2P botnets attack pattern will beneficial to the P2P botnets detection and computer forensic investigation.


We study in detail the issue of gauge fixing in theories with one universal extra dimension, i.e. theories where both bosons and fermions display Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations. The extra dimension is compactified using the standard orbifold construction for a massless chiral fermion. We carry out the gauge-fixing procedure at the level of the five-dimensional theory and determine the tree-level propagators and interaction vertices needed for performing perturbative calculations with the effective four-dimensional theory resulting after the compactification. The gauge independence of the tree-level S matrix involving massive KK modes is verified using specific examples. In order to obtain massive fermionic zero modes one has to enlarge the theory by introducing a set of mirror fermions, a construction which is carried out in detail. Finally, the gauge independence of the tree-level S matrix involving the resulting new mass eigenstates is proved by resorting to generalized current conservation equations.


The original idea of fuzzy logic and other soft computing methodologies was to handle the situations in which our knowledge is not precise. Usually, real numbers are used to describe degrees of belief. In practice, only approximate values of the degrees of belief are known, while the existing soft computing formalisms are usually based on the assumption that we know the exact values of these degrees. This difference creates a gap between the theory and applications. We outline the theoretical foundations aimed at bridging this gap.<<ETX>>


Facial expressions are important for conveying emotions and communication intentions among humans. For this reason, humanoid robots should be able to perform facial expressions which represent their inner state in a way that is easy to understand for humans. Several humanoid robots can already perform a certain set of expressions, but their capabilities are usually limited to only the most basic emotions. It is necessary to consider a wider range of expressions and take advantage of the use of asymmetry. This chapter describes these aspects as well as insights about artificial emotions models, the mapping of human face into robotic face and finally the generation of facial expressions.


The current study aimed at developing some EFL Meaning-Form Relationship skills for second-year secondary school students through the use of Implicit FFI Techniques. The present study sample was (80) 2nd-year secondary school students at Nasr Abd Elghafore School, Menouf, Al–Menoufia Governorate during the second term of the school year 2020–2021, were assigned into two groups: experimental (40) and control (40). The study instruments were an EFL pre-post Meaning-Form Relationship test. Study Findings showed the effect of Implicit FFI Techniques in developing EFL Meaning-Form Relationship skills.


Purpose: The Rotarex® catheter system is an effective tool for endovascular therapy of acute occluded arteries of the lower extremities, especially for the femoral artery. The authors report the use of the Rotarex catheter system for retrograde percutaneous thrombectomy of an occluded subclavian artery. Case presentation: A 79-year-old male patient was referred because of acute pain and paleness of his left arm. Ultrasound examination and computed tomography angiography proved an occlusion of the left subclavian artery from the origin of the vessel. A retrograde recanalization was attempted using the 6F Rotarex catheter and combined with initiation of a local low-dose lytic therapy. A normal blood flow to the left arm was restored. Follow-up examination 3 months later showed a normal perfusion situation of the left upper extremity. Conclusion: The Rotarex catheter system is an effective tool for endovascular therapy of acute occluded arteries and efficacy is not restricted to the lower extremities.


The tourism village development model is one of the national development agendas that is quite effective in improving village welfare. However, the rampant development of tourist villages has not been supported by maximum tourism product planning efforts. Therefore, community service activities in the tourist village of Wae Lolos aim to increase the capacity of Pokdarwis to manage potential into tourism products that are marketable. Efforts to increase community capacity are carried out through the following activities: 1) identification of tourism potential and components; and 2) Identification of target markets, unique selling points and pricing of tour packages. The result of this activity is an inventory of available tourism potential and components, as well as identification of target markets, unique selling points and determination of selling prices. This community service activity increases the capacity of Pokdarwis in managing and marketing tourism villages through tour packages.


The invention relates to a herring smelt juvenile fish feed. The herring smelt juvenile fish feed comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 35%-39% of fish meal, 1%-3% of dried small shrimps, 3%-7% of yeasts, 6%-10% of expanded soybeans, 3%-7% of phospholipid powder, 5%-9% of flour, 5%-9% of lactalbumin powder, 1%-5% of skim milk powder, 2%-6% of wheat germ meal, 11%-15% of fish oil, 1%-5% of soyabean oil, 1%-3% of palm oil, 1.5%-2.5% of alfalfa meal, 0.05%-0.15% of vitamin C, 0.5%-0.7% of vitamin B complexes, 0.15%-0.45% of vitamin D, 0.02%-0.06% of carotenoid, 0.5%-1% of choline chloride, 0.01%-0.02% of taurine and 0.1%-0.2% of emulsifiers. According to the herring smelt juvenile fish feed disclosed by the invention, the requirement of the herring smelt juvenile fish onnutrition is met, and energy needed by the growth and the development of the herring smelt juvenile fish is provided.


Based on the problems of the study, the goal was identi fi ed: theoretical justi fi cation, creation and implementation of project activities within the framework of organizational and pedagogical conditions that increase the ef fi ciency of project management of preschool teachers. Based on the purpose of the study, the following tasks were identi fi ed: determine the essence of the technology for managing the project activities of teachers; highlight the main characteristics of the technology for managing the project activities of teachers, ensuring the possibility of its reproduction; design, theoretically substantiate and present a project for managing the project activities of preschool teachers. To study the level of motivation of teachers for project activities, the following methods were used: 1. «Questionnaire survey to determine the motivation of teachers for project activities», a modi fi ed methodology for studying the motives of A.A. Reana, V.A. Yakunin; 2. «Scale for assessing needs and achievement»; 3. «Psychometric testing of the methodology for diagnosing motivation and attitudes towards professional activity among teachers.» Having analyzed and summarized the data presented above, we can conclude that there are problems associated with the motivation of teachers to project activities. Thus, in order to avoid problems associated with motivating teachers to project activities, complex, purposeful work is required, which will be re fl ected below in the form of a project.


The characteristics of fine chemical industry in liaoning province were introduced. superiorities and shortcomings of fine chemical industry in liaoning province were discussed. The subject of developing and planning liaoning's fine chemical industry in the tenth "Five-Year plan" and existed problems in development were put forward.


A method is proposed for the efficient implementation of a class of second-order Volterra filters where their quadratic kernels are recursively constructed from a set of isotropic subkernels (ISKs). The quadratic kernel of this class of filters can be factorised into a diagonal form by a Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) and be implemented using a transform and multiply structure. An algorithm for determining the quadratic ISK kernel for the nonlinear prediction of speech signals is presented.


Information about extreme erosion events (EEEs) in the World is collected and integrated. The main regularities of spatial and temporal variability of factors of their formation and development are evaluated, as well as their consequences under various combinations of natural and anthropogenic factors. The main natural factors of flash floods formation and spatio-temporal variability, such as intensity and amount of precipitation, relief and soil-vegetation cover characteristics, hydrological regime of rivers etc., are studied. The anthropogenic impacts promoting the EEEs formation, i.e. road construction, artificial channel processes, mine works etc., are examined. It was found that the dominant cause of EEEs is rains of high intensity, which increase in frequency and amount during recent decades due to climate change. Anthropogenic activities in river basins usually promote the intensification of EEEs but are rarely the factor of their origin. The most severe extreme events usually occur in small river basins (with the area below 1000 km 2 ), located in mountains and foothills.


1. The holdfasts of Corymorpha are tertiary axial gradients developing as buds from the secondary gradient of the basal region.2. Their premature appearance and outgrowth in embryonic development under inhibiting conditions, as compared with their much later appearance and slower growth in development under normal conditions, suggest that a certain degree of physiological isolation from apical dominance is necessary for their development.3. As the holdfast elongates, the cœnosarc of its proximal region atrophies so that the distal portion becomes completely isolated from the parent stem, but advance of the tip continues until exhaustion occurs, the distal cœnosarc remaining in good condition while atrophy continues at the proximal end. The delicate perisarcal tube secreted as the tip advances is the only connection with the stem in later stages.4. Holdfast elongation is extremely rapid, sometimes 1 mm. in 15-20 minutes. After a few hours the rate of elongation decreases and exhaustion occurs after 2-3 day...


[Objective] To study the scavenging action of Blumea flavanones on oxygen free radical.[Method] Auto-oxidation in alkalcsent solution with the help of pyrogallol can produce O2-· and the system of 1,10-phenathroline-Fe(Ⅱ) /H2O2 can generate ·OH.Spectrophotometry was used to observe the effects of Blumea flavanones upon O2-· and ·OH in vitro.[Result]High dosage Blumea flavanones has obvious scavenging and inhibiting effect on O2-·,and can reduce the level of ·OH by(19.82%-0.17%).[Conclusion] Guizhou's Blumea flavanones could scavenge and inhibit O2-· significantly and could scavenge ·OH as well.


A lip‐reed is a double continuous system that potentially exhibits several degrees of freedom. Numerical simulations for sound synthesis as well as fitting a model with measurements naturally improve while increasing the number of degrees of freedom that are put into the model. However, this parameter is worth investigating as such. In a first approach, lips are coupled to a Helmholtz resonator whose resonance factor is actively reinforced, as described in Chen and Weinreich [''Nature of lip reed,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 1227–1233 (1996)]. The dimensionality of the attractor or permanent regime of this nonlinear dynamical system is computed with embedding techniques of the corresponding time‐series and information‐based measurements [Gershenfeld et al., Time Series Prediction (Addison‐Wesley, Reading, MA, 1994)]. Preliminary results indicate a dimension of 1, 2 or 3 for different couplings between the lips and the resonator. The link with the number of freedom of the lip‐reed will be discussed. [Work su...


: As one of the most popular classification methods, the logistic regression model has been studied extensively. Essentially, the model assumes that an individual's class label is influenced by a set of predictors. However, with the rapid advance of social network services, social network data are becoming increasingly available. As a result, incorporating this additional network structure in order to improve classification accuracy has become an important research problem. To this end, we propose a network-based logistic regression (NLR) model that takes the network structure into consideration. Four interesting scenarios are used to investigate the link formation of the network structure under the NLR model. Fur-thermore, we determine the impact of the network structure on classification by deriving the asymptotic properties for the prediction rule under different sparsities of network. Lastly, simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the proposed method, and a real Sina Weibo data set is analyzed for illustrative purposes.


SAWYER, T. K. 1975. Marine amoebae from surface waters of Chincoteague Bay, Virginia: one new genus and eleven new species within the families Thecamoebidae and Hyalodiscidae. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc., 94: 305-323. Eleven new species of marine amoebae were established in pure clonal cultures after isolation from sea-water samples taken from Chincoteague Bay, Virginia. Comparative features of interphase nuclei of different genera and species were determined, rates of locomotion were measured, and survival in diluted sea water and in fresh water was studied in water and on agar media. Phase contrast photomicrographs were made to document specific features of trophozoites, interphase nuclei, and floatingor rayed-stages. One new genus and eight new species are assigned to the family Thecamoebidae Schaeffer, 1926: Lingulamoeba leei n. g., n. sp., Platyamoeba murchelanoi n. sp., P. langae n. sp., P. weinsteini n. sp., P. douvresi n. sp., Clydonella rosenfieldi n. sp., C. sindermanni n. sp., and C. wardi n. sp. Three new species are placed in the family Hyalodiscidae Poche, 1913: Hyalodiscus angelovica n. sp., Gibbodiscus newmani n. sp., and Unda schaefferi n. sp. Recent progress in the taxonomy and systematics of the families Thecamoebidae and Hyalodiscidae and certain unresolved problems of generic and specific characteristics are discussed.


The article states that the base of the non-referent (non-address-communicational) lyrics are parts of stylistic and surrealism. Such poetry is built on principle "text like text", the artistic world looses its referency completely and is transformed into a sign. The function of such poetry is non-referential (arbitrary). The most common for such lyrics is stimulation and continuousness of the expression plan (not the contests) that commonly is done on the phonic and graphic levels. The main semiotic classificators here are arbitrary convention and symbol sign. They are non-address and non- communicational. If index has illocutive power, then a symbol sign has a power of categorical imperative.

The system of non-referential lyrics in its own way is a spere of experimants. One of them, or maybe the most principal, which made "the exploitation" of the subconsciousness possible, and often gave metaphysical results, was so called automatic writing (ecriture automatique). The main point of it was to write having maximum freedom from the control of the mind, moving in the stream of free associations, and not returning to the written text; in any case nothing should be corrected (creative work of Zinoviy Berezhan). Second is orientation on dreams. Formal distinctive mark of "hooked" to the artistic world neurospace is the image of a dreamer – the one who watches a nightdream and tells about its cotntents (it can be either a narrator, as in the majority of the poems by Boychuk, or an animal, plant or an insect as in the works of Andrievska). The image has two functions: 1. to receive and transmit the contents of a dream spiritually; 2. to associate the contents of seen in a dream with the feelings, or in the other words transform it into the concrete feeling images.

Semantic variety of expressionalism against impressionalism (the antipode of which it became) has also the character of conversion, and concerning existentionalism -– inversion.

The differences between the styles of non-referential lyrics we can imagine in the shape of inversion. Stylizations also pretend to autonomy. Their structure e.g., in the poem by Olexa Stephanovich "From the chronic", is defined by not immanently "imagined" in the "reality" norms but by convention -– as if a transition from outside, in advance, only to stress the function of a speaker. In the works of Yuriy Lypa, especially in his stylization "About the seamster Kozhumiaka" the artistic shape net catches the breething of a "chronical", inner and outer world of a character connecting it with his pseudoarchaic way of narration, the poet makes stylization not only of characters' dialogues ("The Monk and the Death"), but also the language of a storyteller ("The Deivil", "The demons and the catcher"), receiving in such a way harmony of languages – the vision of the world. The same was done by Euhen Malanuk in his poem "The rye in the field is spoiled by the hoofs", in which he eliminated from the narrative language expressions, that went away from geographical-phyhological base of our 20-th century's menthality.


Due to the rapid development of intelligent lighting technologies, those intelligences, just like smooth dimming control, communication and networking, lumen control, predictive failure and maintenance, daylight harvesting, etc., which offers us a opportunity to incorporate non-traditional capabilities into our lighting design and makes the intelligent lighting solutions more attractive. Nowadays, in many special situations in designing of intelligent lighting systems(meticulous detection in specified area, occupancy sensing and lighting in office, etc.), saving energy and offering a accurate, stable illumination on a fixed range of area at the same time becomes a charming challenge for designers and researchers. In this paper, we provide a low energy consumption method by using MPSO algorithm and simple illumination calculation method, to simulate the optimized illumination distribution results on a specified space in virtual scene.


Laminae of genera considered in this revision are sheets of planar, compact tissue (order Clathrodictyida) or a network formed by arms (colliculi) emerging from pillars (order Actinostromatida). Pillars, confined to a single interlaminar space, are simple rods, branch upwards, or have complex cross sections. The scope of Anostylostroma is limited to species with complexly upwardly branching pillars and simple planar laminae. Species with predominantly y- or v-shaped pillars are removed to Schistodictyon. Simplexodictyon is limited to species with double laminae formerly referred to Diplostroma. A new genus, Petrostroma (type species: Simplexodictyon simplex Nestor), is proposed for species with simple, planar laminae and rodlike pillars. The scope of Atelodictyon is restricted to species with planar, simple laminae resembling the type species and many species with laminae formed of colliculi previously placed in this genus are assigned to Aculatostroma. Other genera discussed include: Crumplestroma and Coenellostroma (both synonyms of Aculatostroma), Pseudoactinodictyon, Stelodictyon, Clathrodictyon, and Nexililamina and Coenostelodictyon (both synonyms of Schistodictyon).


The F gene of Newcastle disease virus isolate JZ05 was amplified with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), its gene cloning was completed, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Comparative analyses on F gene and its amino acids sequence between NDV isolate JZ05 and other 18 NDV isolates was executed using the sequence analysis soft (namely DNAssist). The F gene sequence of NDV isolate JZ05 showed that amino acids sequence of F0 prote-olytic cleavage position (111aa-117aa) was GRRQKRF. Compared with the amino acids sequence of F gene of other 18 NDV isolates,the numbers and positions of cysteine residue were the same. Single amino acid residue varied at five positions just in fusion protein sequence of NDV isolate JZ05,but some conservative amino acid residues had no variation at the active site of cell fusion in fusion protein sequence of NDV isolate JZ05. There were more than 96% identical amino acid residues in fusion protein sequence of 10 NDV isolates (Ch98,Ch2000,YN,JZ05,JS01,GD05,SCL03,SSX03,Lye01,TW), but the homology of the 10 NDV isolates and 3 vaccine strains (LaSota,B1,Clone30)was 88.07%~89.51%.


Concerned with the difficulty to realize zero-voltage switching(ZVS) in the traditional series resonant full bridge circuit with a light load,an improved scheme of adding low power auxiliary circuitry in the series resonant full bridge converter was proposed.First,the operating principle of the improved converter with auxiliary circuits was analyzed,and then some correlative formulas were given.The ZVS of main and auxiliary bridge arms over a range of high load can be implemented using the improved one.Finally,by the circuit experiments it is verified that the related theoretical analysis is of correctness..


With exploiting a small number of labeled images and a large number of unlabeled images, semi-supervised learning has attracted centralized attention in recent years. The representative works are Laplacian and Hessian regularization methods. However, Laplacian method tends to a constant value and poor generalization in the process of classification. Although Hessian energy can properly forecast the data points beyond the range of the domain, its regularizer probably leads to useless results in the process of regression. So the Laplacian-Hessian regression method for image classification is proposed, which can both predict the data points and enhance the stability of Hessian regularizer. To evaluate the Laplacian-Hessian method, Columbia Consumer Video database is employed in the paper. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method perform better than Laplacian or Hessian method in the matter of classification and stability.


The invention discloses a ginkgo seed polysaccharide extraction method and a ginkgo seed polysaccharide product. According to the method, ginkgo seeds are used as raw materials; compound enzymes (cellulase and pectinase) are added after the ginkgo seeds are degreased through petroleum ether; the enzymes are deactivated after ultrasound treatment is conducted; neutral protease is added for hydrolysis to make polysaccharide in the ginkgo seeds dissociate into supernatant; the supernatant is subjected to deproteinization through Sevage reagents; the polysaccharide precipitates in absolute ethyl alcohol; water is added for redissolution, and then quaternary ammonium salt is used for further purification of the ginkgo seed polysaccharide; next, the polysaccharide is placed in a dialysis bag for desalination treatment; lastly, the polysaccharide is freeze-dried and then the ginkgo seed polysaccharide product with high activity is prepared. By the adoption of the method, the ginkgo seed polysaccharide which can reduce the blood sugar level and has antioxidant activity can be prepared directly; the ginkgo seed polysaccharide can be used as a natural functional factor and added into food or directly eaten as a health care product.


Crystal engineering of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite materials through template‐directed nucleation and growth on PbI2 nuclei dispersed in a polar fullerene (C60 pyrrolidine tris‐acid, CPTA) electron transport layer (ETL) (CPTA:PbI2) is proposed as a route for controlling crystallization kinetics and grain sizes. Chemical analysis of the CPTA:PbI2 template confirms that CPTA carboxylic acid groups can form a monodentate or bidentate chelate with Pb(II), resulting in a lower nucleation barrier that promotes rapid formation of the tetragonal perovskite phase. Moreover, it is demonstrated that a uniform CH3NH3PbI3 film with highly crystalline and large domain sizes can be realized by increasing the spacing between nuclei to retard perovskite crystal growth via careful control of the preferred nucleation site distribution in the CPTA:PbI2 layer. The improved perovskite morphology possesses a long photoluminescence lifetime and efficient photocarrier transport/separation properties to eliminate the hysteresis effect. The corresponding planar heterojunction photovoltaic yields a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.20%, with a high fill factor (FF) of 81.13%. The average PCE and FF values for 30 devices are 19.03% ± 0.57% and 78.67% ± 2.13%, respectively. The results indicate that this ETL template‐assisted crystallization strategy can be applied to other organometal halide perovskite‐based systems.


A description of free objects in the class Psc of power-semicommutative ternary groupoids and a proper characterization of the class of free objects in Psc by means of Psc-injective ternary groupoids are obtained.


In this work we calculate the mass spectrum of charmonium and bottomonium for $1P,...,3P$ states of $0^{++}$ ($\chi_{c0}$, $\chi_{b0}$), $1^{++}$ ($\chi_{c1}$, $\chi_{b1}$), and $1^{+-}$ ($h_c, h_b$), as well as for $1S,...,4S$ states of $0^{-+} (\eta_{c}, \eta_{b}$), and $1S, ...,5D$ states of $1^{--} (J/\psi$, and $\Upsilon$) in the framework of a QCD motivated Bethe-Salpeter Equation, where we treat the confining interaction analytically, while the one-gluon-exchange term perturbatively. Our results are in good agreement with data (where ever available) and other models. In this framework, from the beginning, we employ a $4\times 4$ representation for two-body quark-anti quark BS amplitude for calculating the mass spectra, which leads to solving a coupled set of Salpeter equations for scalar, pseudoscalar, vector and axial vector quarkonia. We have explicitly shown that these equations get decoupled in the heavy-quark approximation leading to the mass spectral equations dependent on the principal quantum number, $N$ in an approximate harmonic oscillator basis, giving a much deeper insight into the problem in contrast to purely numerical treatments prevalent in literature.


Components of essential oil of cananga flowers (Cananga odorata (Lamk) Hook F. &
Thompson) from Indonesia had been studied for their penetration ability into the skin of rat
(Wistar strain) in the practice of Timung using modified Timung apparatus. Components
which penetrated into the rat skin were determined using Gas Chromatography Mass
Spectrometry (GC-MS) and identified as p-methyl-anisole, Linalool-L, geraniol, eugenol,
neril-asetat, trans-(β)-caryophyllene, (+)-aromadendrene, α-humulen, α-amorphen,
germacrene D, Germacrene B, (Z,E)-α-farnesen, Δ-cadinene. Components which penetrated
into the receptor phase (buffer phase) are p-methyl-anisol, linalool-L, trans-geraniol,
eugenol, benzyl alcohol, trans-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrane-D, (Z,E)-α-farnesen,
Δ-cadinene. It can be concluded that components of Cananga Oil showed the ability to
penetrate into the skin in the practice of Timung.


Excerpt Coronary artery disease afflicts 5% of the adults in the United States; 3.1 million Americans between ages 18 and 79 definitely have coronary artery disease and another 2.4 million are susp...


SUMMARY

Movement rates for the surface activity of the New Zealand flatworm Artioposthia triangulata (Dendy) (Tricladida: Terricola) were estimated under semi-field conditions in the Faroe Islands. The distance travelled during 10 consecutive 1-minute periods per individual was measured from mucus trails left behind as the flatworms moved over black plastic sheeting sprayed with fine droplets of water. Adult specimens were found to crawl at rates of up to 28 cm min-1 (almost 17m h-1), whereas juveniles crawled at rates of between 3 and 4cm min-1 (approximately 2m h-1). This study provides the first data concerning the potential for species spread by active migration.


The injectivity and solubility of CO2 are important characteristics for CO2 geological sequestration especially in heterogeneous underground. We have been conducting laboratory experiments of CO2 flooding for core scale specimen. In recent years, we are paying attention to the possibilities of microbubble CO2 flooding. In this study, microbubble CO2 flooding and conventional CO2 flooding are compared through experiment results. One core specimen (Sarukawa sandstone, diameter: 34.80mm, length: 79.85mm, from Japan) was used for both cases. Porosity of the specimen determined by X-ray CT (Computed Tomography) imaging is 31.2%. It has a heterogeneous structure, especially, upper part of specimen is more complex than the lower part. For the CO2 microbubble generation, custom made micro porous filter was applied. Its size is 34.80mm in diameter and 4mm in thickness. The behaviors of CO2 microbubbles were recorded by X-ray CT system. Our experimental system enables simultaneous flow testing and CT scanning. We could estimate the porosity of dry specimen and visualize the process of water injection, oil injection and CO2 flooding by the X-ray CT image analysis. CO2 saturation during the tests were also evaluated. The experiments were carried out under the pressure and temperature conditions that simulate underground environments; pore pressure: 10MPa, system temperature: 40 degrees Celsius. The confining pressure of 12MPa was selected in this study. The specimen was saturated with KI aqueous solution (Potassium Iodide, 11.5wt%), and then oil (1,10-Diiododecane, 12.6wt%) was injected to change the specimen into oil-water mixed condition. For the CO2 flooding, three kinds of flow rates (-0.1, -1.0, -1.5 ml/min) for downstream syringe pump were selected. By performing this operation, we could increase differential pressure after 1.0PV (pore volume) and 1.7PV CO2 flooding to confirm the influence of differential pressure on CO2 saturation and fluid recovery. Totally, ten steps of CO2 flooding were performed for both cases. For each step, KI aqueous solution and oil were carefully recovered from the downstream syringe pump which plays a role of back pressure. The CO2 flooding tests were carried out until the CO2 flooding reach about 3PV. Figures show the differential CT images at breakthrough (a: microbubble case, b: conventional method case) and when the CO2 flooding reach about 2PV (c: microbubble case, d: conventional method case). Looking at the top of the specimen, the microbubble case shows higher CO2 saturation than the conventional method case (c, d). According to the experiment results, the CO2 saturations obtained from CT image analysis agree well in harmony with the total fluid recoveries which measured from the recovered amounts of KI aqueous solution and oil. The CO2 saturations of both cases did not show significant difference up to 1 PV CO2 flooding, but the difference was caused by the differential pressure change and maintained a constant difference from 1.5 PV. On the other hand, the oil recoveries of both cases started to show a difference from before the differential pressure change and gradually increased, and maintained a constant difference from 1.5PV. As a result, in the


Treatment with IDEC‐C2B8 (C2B8), the chimeric anti‐CD20 antibody, was shown in a phase I‐II study to be very effective for the treatment of low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma, in contrast to the results of most previous immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies. In a study designed to elucidate the reason for this efficacy, two cell lines derived from lymphomas with BCL2 gene rearrangement (SU‐DHL‐4 and SU‐DHL‐6) showed remarkable growth inhibition and cell‐death, and two other cell lines derived from a diffuse lymphoma (RC‐K8) and a mantle cell lymphoma (SP‐49) showed moderate growth inhibition, but neither a CD20 weakly positive cell line (NALL‐1) nor a negative cell line (MOLT‐4) showed any growth inhibition. An examination of the intensity of cell‐surface CD20 expression showed no correlation between intensity and degree of growth inhibition among the four cell lines showing growth inhibition. Morphological examination revealed condensed and fragmented nuclei and budding of the plasma membrane, both characteristic of apoptosis, with some cells in these cell lines showing growth inhibition by C2B8. Such apoptosis was also confirmed by flow cytometric analysis, suggesting that, at least in part, apoptosis plays a role in this growth inhibition. This growth‐inhibitory mechanism may thus account for the effectiveness of C2B8 antibody therapy.


In this paper, the transmission properties of three 1-row periodic rod arrays, namely perfect conductor array, copper array with surface conductivity and single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) array with quantum conductivity, are investigated. MoM with special algorithms of Toeplitz matrices is employed. It is found that, due to the quantum effects, SWCNT array can transmit energy in a lower frequency and has broader passband. After that, the transmission properties of multi-row SWCNT array have been analyzed. Numerical results reveal that multi-row structure of SWCNT can improve the transmission efficiency.


Since their emergence in 2007, smart phones have advanced up to the point that 5G mobile communication in 2019 started to be commercialized. Accordingly, now it is possible to share 3D modeling files and collaborate by means of a mobile web. As the recently commercialized 5G mobile communication network is so useful in sharing 3D modeling files and collaborating that even large-size geometry files can be transmitted at ultra high speed with ultra low transfer delay. We examines characteristics of major 3D file formats such as STL, OBJ, FBX, and glTF and compares the existing 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) network with the 5G NR (New Radio) mobile communication network. The loading time and packets of each format were measured depending on the mobile web browser environments. We shows that in comparison with 4G LTE, the loading time of STL and OBJ file formats were reduced as much as 6.55 sec and 9.41 sec, respectively in the 5G NR and Chrome browsers. The glTF file format showed the most efficient performance in all of the 4G/5G mobile communication networks, Chrome, and Edge browsers. In the case of STL and OBJ, the traffic was relatively excessive in 5G NR and Edge browsers. The findings of this study are expected to be utilized to develop a 3D file format that reduces the loading time in a mobile web environment.


T ERENCE C AVE ' S P RE - HISTOIRES , T EXTES T ROUBLES AU S EUIL DE LA M ODERNITE A R EVIEW A RTICLE by Loli Tsan Shrouded in a veil, the concealed figure resists identification. In Natale Conti's Mythologiae 1 it is assumed to be Diana, a mystical representa- tion of an untouchable and camouflaged deity. Used out of context on the cover of Terence Cave's last book, Pre-histoires, 2 the troubling image seems to be an embodiment of the hidden and inaccessible as- pect of history, literature, and ideas—a certain "trouble," the problem- atic perception of surreptitious but momentous "accidents" in early modern texts. In this major reinterpretation of literary and paraliterary objects in sixteenth-century France and their historicity, beginning with the episode about Pyrrhonian philosopher Trouillogan in Rabelais's Tiers Livre and ending with Montaigne's Du repentir, Pre-histoires scrutinizes the historical and anthropological values that have been as- signed to these objects. As does Michael Riffaterre in La Production du texte, 3 Cave con- tends that the textual object is suffisant. Riffaterre, however, claims that each text contains the complete basis for its interpretation, while Cave resorts to a poetics oriented in history. Literary objects are read as the fragmented forms of lost experience, infinitely remote echoes of the voices that were present at the time of their making. On several occa- sions Cave uses the metaphor of the archipel found in Rabelais's Quart Livre to describe the taches obscures by means of which history ap- pears through the literary object. Although mindful of the fact that a certain amount of historical memory is inherently attached to cultural production, Cave argues that there is an intrinsic obscurity to history. Whereas traditional practice of the discipline ("the history of ideas") tends to construct a posteriori grand designs and dramatic epistemological mutations, he chooses to Natale Conti, Natalis Comitis Mythologiae sive explicationis fabularum libri decem (Padova 1616). Geneva: Droz 1999, 200 pp. Considered one of the foremost scholars in sixteenth- century French literature, Terence Cave is professor of French literature at the University of Oxford and a fellow of Saint John's College. He is known for his works on baroque poetry (Devotional Poetry in France, 1570–1613 [London 1969]), on Ronsard (Ronsard the Poet [London 1973]), and his influential essays on poetics, The Cornucopian Text: Problems of Writing in the French Renaissance (Oxford 1979) and Recognitions, A Study in Poetics (Oxford 1987). Michael Riffaterre, La Production du texte (Paris 1979).


In order to satisfy the new atmospheric pollutant emission standard for power plant,the low NOx burner of 600 MW subcritical tangentially corner-fired boiler of No.1 unit in a power plant has been modified. By the optimal test of combustion adjustment,the combustion characteristic of the boiler after the modification has been grasped,and the optimal operation status of the boiler under different load condition has been determined. The test results show that,at high load,the CCOFA flow has greater influence on the concentration emission of the NOx of the boiler and the CO in flue gas,and the carbon content of fly ash;while,in the low load,the combination of partial upper mill put into operation has benefit to improve the reheat steam temperature and the margin of concentration emission of the NOx SOFA wind regulation boiler.


Labor pain is the most severe pain a woman may experience in her life and is usually longer and more intense than expected, especially in nulliparous women. Childbirth is the most remarkable phenomenon in a woman's life. However, parturient mothers are greatly concerned with labor pain and possible risks to their life. This study aimed to compare the duration of different labor phases in vaginal delivery after epidural or general analgesia.This study was conducted on 90 pregnant women referred to Taleghani Hospital in Arak, Iran. Participants were divided into three groups of 30, including epidural analgesia, general analgesia with Entonox gas, and control. Study groups were compared in terms of the duration of the first and second phases of labor, frequency of cesarean delivery, neonatal Apgar scores, and rate of postoperative complications (e.g., headache, nausea, vomiting, and back pain). In this study, mean age of the pregnant women was equal in all study groups, and no significant difference was observed in this regard. Mean of gestational age in the patients was 39 weeks, and the mean duration of the first labor phase was not significantly different between the study groups. Moreover, mean duration of the second labor phase was higher in the control group compared to the other patients, while it was higher in the epidural group compared to the Entonox group. According to the results of this study, painless delivery techniques, such as epidural or Entonox analgesia, do not increase the duration of the first and second phases of labor. However, use of Entonox could significantly decrease the duration of the second phase of labor.


The past two decades have seen the advent of a new class of solvents with unique properties, referred to as "Ionic Liquids". This term describes low-melting organic salts, which open a window for chemical processes in ionic environments near room temperature. A molecular-based understanding of their properties is crucial for a rational design for applications. An important prerequisite is the characterization and understanding of their structure and dynamics. Application of NMR techniques to characterize ionic liquids has rendered many unique and valuable insights on these subjects. Here, recent highlights and typical applications are elucidated along with the advantages and limitations of the various techniques.


The traditional wind turbine simulator can only imitate the characteristics of equal power wind turbine,for which an experiment platform is developed for the simulator of megawatt wind turbine.The static and dynamic torque characteristics of actual wind turbine are analyzed.The experiment platform for wind turbine simulation is composed of the converter,induction motor and reduction gear,and the vector control technology is applied to control the torque and speed of the induction motor and generator respectively,which makes the output speed of the reduction gear conformable to the actual operation conditions of wind turbine.Simulations are carried out with MATLAB/Simulink for wind speed change and motor speed change,and results show that the platform imitates the operational characteristics of megawatt wind turbine accurately.


Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was first introduced as a concept for a non-linear optimizer by Kennedy and Eberhart in 1995. Their seminal work articulates a technique of evolutionary computation, which has its origin in artificial intelligence and simplified social models such as bird flocking and fish schooling (Kennedy & Eberhart, Nov. 1995; Kennedy & Eberhart, Oct. 1995). Its early appeal lay in its use of only primitive mathematical operators and computational economy with regard to both memory and speed. The authors were influenced by the work of Reynolds, Heppner and Grenander in modeling bird flocking and recognized that the fundamental hypothesis to the development of PSO is that an evolutionary advantage is obtained by the social sharing of information among members of the same species. They stated that the simulation of the graceful but unpredictable choreography of a bird flock by collision-proof agents could be used as an effective optimizer for a wide range of functions.


— Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna is expected to form a major technique of 5G communication to get a high channel capacity. However the antenna performance is degraded significantly because of mutual coupling between close elements in portable equipments. In this paper, a novel EBG structure for 28/38GHz dual-band MIMO antenna with its equivalent is proposed. Having round shape and double side design, the proposed double-side EBG (DS-EBG) structure is able to improve significantly both mutual coupling and gain without any decoupling structure between antenna elements. Thus the MIMO antenna gets compact size of 15.3x8.5x0.79mm with no distance between antenna elements from edge to edge. The antenna radiation efficiency is also refined at both bands. This improvement has not attained from any previous EBG structure studies. At 28GHz, the radiation efficiency is increased from 83.2% to 87.6% while it is raised from 83.1% to 91.1% at 38GHz. Besides, the antenna achieves wide bandwidth of 7.1% and 13.16% at 28GHz and 38GHz, respectively that is suitable for 5G terminals. All dimensions of EBG cell as well as antenna are optimized by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software.