OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of the embryo of Ceriops tagal.METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by using column chromatography with silical gel and Sephadex LH-20,and their structures were identified by their physical and spectral data. RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and elucidated as the mixture of β-sitosterol(Ⅰ) and stigmasterol(Ⅱ),betulin(Ⅲ),3-epi-butulinic acid(Ⅳ),3-epi-acetylbetulinic acid(Ⅴ),caffeic acid(Ⅵ) and 5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavonol(Ⅶ).CONCLUSION All the compounds are firstly isolated from this species.


The invention discloses a non-bridge type power factor correction circuit. The non-bridge type power factor correction circuit comprises two inductors, two input switches, two series circuits and a load circuit, wherein the two inductors are connected with two output ends of an AC power supply respectively; the other end of each inductor is connected with a corresponding series circuit; the two series circuits are connected in parallel with the load circuit between a DC output end and a DC ground end; and the two input switches are connected between the two output ends of the AC power supply and the DC ground end. Due to the structure, a corresponding input switch is kept in a conducting state for both the positive and negative half cycles of the AC power supply to cause the AC ground to connect with the DC ground end, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and conduction loss.


Goals of this dissertation were to 1) use custom-made cDNA microarrays to identify genes in the bovine pituitary gland that are differentially expressed during the estrous cycle and 2) characterize their patterns of gene expression. The estrous cycle is a dynamic process that requires coordination between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. The anterior pituitary gland synthesizes and secretes the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which regulate steroidogenesis and follicular development. Currently, intrapituitary factors that modulate gonadotropin synthesis, storage, and release are not well described, thus, requiring investigation. To investigate the validity of the microarray results, we performed real-time PCR on 35 genes identified by cDNA microarray as being differentially regulated. Overall, microarray and real-time PCR results were consistent among our experiments suggesting that cDNA microarray is an efficacious tool for profiling gene expression in the bovine pituitary gland. Our first experiment was designed to identify genes that were regulated during the early luteal phase. This period is characterized by steadily increasing concentrations of progesterone (P4) from nadir to maximum. Samples from three different time points, d 2, d 6, and d 10 following initiation of the first follicular wave, were compared. One hundred and sixty nine genes were determined to be differentially expressed. Ten of these genes were validated using real-time PCR.


: In this time of worldwide upheaval and with universities struggling to cope with vast numbers of students being forced into online classes, student interest and engagement in their studies has become more important. Online classes do not provide the inherent discipline that face-to-face environments do, which the turmoil many find in their home lives today exacerbates. In this paper, I suggest that, as instructors, we have a responsibility to our students to help them to "want to be there". Drawing on my personal experiences over many years, I suggest that ways to ignite and retain student interest revolve around building rapport, establishing communication links, and using course content. I make several suggestions for how instructors might do so while acknowledging that no all-encompassing solution exists.


The University of Cape Town commissioned five South African composers to write a 20-minute opera each in celebration of the centenary of the South African College of Music. The Gordon Institute for Performing and Creative Arts (GIPCA) funded the composition and production of the operas, presented collectively as Five:20 Operas Made in South Africa. The operas were presented by Cape Town Opera, the University of Cape Town Opera School and GIPCA from 21 to 27 November 2010 in the Baxter Theatre in Rondebosch under the auspices of the University of Cape Town. Although Michael Williams, Managing Director of Cape Town Opera, regards the time constraint as 'a thrilling challenge to strip opera down to the essentials: story, music and voice' (Henry 2010), it must have been a daunting experience for composers and librettists to fit a convincing storyline into a 20-minute production and they must have had to make difficult choices with regard to content. The five composers, Bongani Ndodana-Breen, Hendrik Hofmeyr, Martin Watt, Peter Klatzow and Peter Louis van Dijk (in order of performance), were asked to compose a short opera on a South African topic. The orchestration was prescribed (most probably for practical and financial reasons) and, although GIPCA made suggestions about libretti, the composers eventually chose their own texts. The operas were directed by Marcus Desando (Hani and Tronkvoel) and Geoffrey Hyland (Saartjie, Words from a Broken String and Out of Time). The first and last operas of the evening dealt with the South Africa of today, whereas the themes of the middle three operas refer to our past. The five South African operas, the main focus of this review, were preceded by a special guest performance of Sublimation, a 15-minute opera by Nick Fells (libretto by Zoe Strachan). Sublimation formed part of Scottish Opera's Five:15 Operas Made in Scotland, from which the idea for the South African Five:20 project was derived. In


Summary. The role of serum macrophage inflammatory protein‐1 alpha (MIP‐1α) in bone disease and survival was evaluated in 85 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. MIP‐1α was elevated in MM patients and correlated with the extent of bone disease, bone resorption markers and levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB (RANK) ligand. MIP‐1α was also associated with survival; the 3‐year probability of survival was 85% and 44% for MIP‐1α levels below and above 48 pg/ml respectively (P = 0·021). This suggests that MIP‐1α contributes to the pathogenesis of bone disease in MM and possibly in tumour growth, as reflected by its impact on survival.


Disruption of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling during early development results in abnormal angiogenesis and increased vascular lesions. Embryonic exposure to 0.625–10 mM methyl tert butyl ether (MTBE), a highly water soluble gasoline additive, resulted in a dose dependent increase in pooled blood in the common cardinal vein (CCV), cranial hemorrhages and abnormal intersegmental vessels (ISVs). The EC50s for the lesions ranked in terms of likelihood to occur with MTBE exposure were: pooled blood in the CCV, 3.2 mM [95% CI: 2.2–4.7] > cranial hemorrhage, 11 mM [5.9–20.5] > abnormal ISV, 14.5 mM [6.5–32.4]. Organ systems other than the vascular system appear to develop normally, which suggests MTBE toxicity targets developing blood vessels. Equal molar concentrations (0.625–10 mM) of the primary metabolites, tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) and formaldehyde, did not result in vascular lesions, which suggested that the parent compound is responsible for the toxicity. Stage specific exposures were carried out to determine the developmental period most sensitive to MTBE vascular disruption. Embryos treated until 6–somites or treated after Prim–5


This paper studies the prosody of case clitics in Urdu, for which various different claims exist in the literature. We conducted a production experiment and controlled for effects potentially arising from the phonetics of the case clitics, the syntactic function they express and clausal position. We find that case clitics are incorporated into the prosodic phrase of the noun and that they become part of the overall LH contour found on accentual phrases in Urdu/Hindi. We also find some differences across case type and position which we tie to information structural effects.


The article gives a detail description of working principle,construction of hardware and software design for Intelligent Control System of multi-turn electric valve actuators.The control system is an intelligent control system for valve,which has remarkable functions of a remote automatic control,a remote manual control,a local manual control,signal inspection,failure indication,and man-machine conversation interface by using 16-bit MCU made by Freescale as central processing unit.


The aim ofthe research was to describe theimplementation of learning to write short story using video clips. The research sources of the data from the teachers and studentsactivities, students response, and the result of the studentsin writing short story in class IX-F SMP Negeri 2 Kalitidu Bojonegoro. Based on the research to collected data by using test and nontest.The research showed thatThe teacher activity increased by 13.4%.Student activity increased 6.6%. Overall response to increased student learning to write short stories by using videoclips. The studentslearningoutcomes also increaseby19.8%. The average of class in thefirst cycle value of 62.5 and for the second cycle has the average classincrease 82.3. Increasing student competence in writing short stories also followed by a behavioral change towards the better. The students become more focused in the following lesson.


Guangzhou city should actualize its index system systematically,by stages,having emphases,to look establishing Guangzhou city to national environment protect model city as breach and recent target,for realizing the general aim of ecological city and city ecological system sustainable development. The task and emphases for realizing the general aim include two aspects. On the one hand,Its keeping away the ecological risk,solving the latent strategic ecological problems that restrict the city developing. On the other hand,Its improving ecological environment quality entirely and effectively.


Road extraction from the remote sensing image over mountainous areas is a difficult vision problem. In this letter, we propose a multiple feature fully convolutional network (MFFCN) on the basis of FCN for mountainous road extraction. The benefits of this model are twofold: first, MFFCN is a semantic segmentation model, which has deep convolutional networks. It avoids the problem of repeated storage and computational convolutions caused by the use of pixel blocks. Second, the MFFCN model could extract the spectral and terrain features. This method ensures the integrity and continuity of the road extraction results. The dataset is composed of GF-2 data and ASTER GDEM data in the Shigatse region of Tibet. We test our network on the dataset and compare it with four road extraction methods. The result shows that the proposed MFFCN is superior to all the comparing methods.


Abstract Abstract Dynamics are inherent characteristics of batch processes, which can be divided into short time-scale dynamics within a batch duration and long time-scale dynamics across several batches. The interactions between process variables make different types of dynamics confounded. Under such situations, it is difficult to perform efficient fault diagnosis. In this paper, a batch process monitoring scheme is proposed to separate different types of process variations for modeling and perform monitoring and fault diagnosis with multi-time-scale dynamic principal component analysis (PCA) models. Simulation results show that the fault diagnosis efficiency is enhanced.


Background: The impact of long term strict cholesterol control on reservoir function and outcome in heart failure is unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2939 patients (31.9% female, mean ...


This paper illustrates the discrimination performance of a set of advanced models at an actual UXO live site. The suite of methods, which combines the orthonormalized volume magnetic source (ONVMS) model, a data-preprocessing technique based on joint diagonalization (JD), and differential evolution (DE) minimization, among others, was tested at the former Camp Beale in California. The data for the study were collected independently by two UXO production teams from Parsons and CH2M HILL using the MetalMapper (MM) sensor in cued mode; each set of data was also processed independently. Initially all data were inverted using a multi-target version of the combined ONVMS-DE algorithm, which provided intrinsic parameters (the total ONVMS amplitudes) that were then used to perform classification after having been inspected by an expert. Classification of the Parsons data was conducted by a Sky Research production team using a fingerprinting approach; analysis of the CH2M HILL data was performed by a Sky/Dartmouth R&D team using unsupervised clustering. During the classification stage the analysts requested the ground truth for selected anomalies typical of the different clusters; this was then used to classify them using a probability function. This paper reviews the data inversion, processing, and discrimination schemes involving the advanced EMI methods and presents the classification results obtained for both the CH2M HILL and the Parsons data. Independent scoring by the Institute for Defense Analyses reveals superb all-around classification performance.


Objective To detect the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein(Hs-CRP) and its value in etiological diagnosis for different-cause cerebral infarction(CI). Methods Acute patients with CI were selected,their history and auxiliary examinations recorded,etiologic typing was carried out based on TOAST and modified TOAST.The constituent ratio of the two typing methods and Hs-CRP levels of different type patients were compared. Results TOAST method,the most popular type of acute CI was LAA(39.4%),followed by SAD(30.9%),SUD(23.9%),CE(3.9%) and SOD(1.9%);According to the modified TOAST,the most popular type was AT(58.3%),came next were SAD(21.6%),SUD(15.1%),CE(3.1%) and SOD(1.9%).With the modified method,types of unknown causes decreased,and type AT increased.The levels of Hs-CRP in patients of different types classified by two TOAST methods were markedly higher than that of the control(P0.01).In CI,the levels of Hs-CRP were the highest in type CE,and type LAA or AT was manifestly higher than SAD(P0.05). Conclusion The modified TOAST etiological typing may comparatively and roundly classify CI,reduce the number of CI patients with unknown causes.The levels of Hs-CRP are obviously different in patients of various origins,which can be used as one of the evidences for etiological grouping of CI.


A linear theory is developed in the time domain for vertical motions of an axisymmetric cylinder floating in the free surface. The velocity potential is obtained numerically from a discretized boundary-integral-equation on the body surface, using a Galerkin method. The solution proceeds in time steps, but the coefficient matrix is identical at each step and can be inverted at the outset. Free-surface effects are absent in the limits of zero and infinite time. The added mass is determined in both cases for a broad range of cylinder depths. For a semi-infinite cylinder the added mass is obtained by extrapolation. An impulse-response function is used to describe the free-surface effects in the time domain. An oscillatory error observed for small cylinder depths is related to the irregular frequencies of the solution in the frequency domain. Fourier transforms of the impulse-response function are compared with direct computations of the damping and added-mass coefficients in the frequency domain. The impulse-response function is also used to compute the free motion of an unrestrained cylinder, following an initial displacement or acceleration.


Large numbers of high quality graphene transistors were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and packaged into a standard electronics assembly, enabling the readout of graphene properties on the benchtop. After chemical functionalization, these sensors demonstrate sensitivity into the pM range to inflammation (IL6) and Zika virus (ZIKV NS1) biomarkers. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of graphene biosensors is over an order of magnitude greater than established diagnostic and biophysical assays, namely ELISA and BLI respectively. High precision measurements of protein kinetics captured using this technology, commercially available as the AGILE R100, are comparable to both clinical diagnostic and state-of-the-art biomolecule characterization tools. These results demonstrate that graphene-based platforms are highly attractive biological sensors for next generation diagnostics.


The architecture,content organization and teaching method for the course of automatic control principle are discussed.The architecture of automatic control principle includes theory teaching platform and practice teaching platform.The content of au-tomatic control principle includes teacher-centered teaching,course experiment,course design,independent experiment and network interactive teaching.The teaching methods of inquiry teaching, case-teaching, discussing teaching and comparison teaching are used.The teaching quality can be improved by combination of traditional teaching with multimedia teaching, MATLAB and network teaching.


The authors have demonstrated that fritschiellaxanthin (free, esters) (43•" can be isolated from Sesarma haematocheir as a major constituent along with astaxanthin (free, esters) (30%), lutein (free, esters) (20%), zeaxanthin (free, esters) (4%), ƒÀ-carotene (1%), and papilioerythrinone (free) (1%). This is the first discovery of the occurrence of fritschiellaxanthin in its free form (C40H5403, m. p. 178-180•Ž).


This paper investigates the profitability of non-traditional momentum strategies using stock futures contracts. The results lead to the conclusion that these strategies dominate those implemented using stocks. Despite this, however, no positive returns are found during the sample period after adjusting for risk and transaction costs.


Los Ducales are a sector of the periphery of Soacha, auto-constructed by their residents that have inhabited this sector for about six decades. From this experience and description of the urban space, and the quality of the habitat urban produced by community agent s advocacy, were found procedures that contribute to the urban planning of city peripheral zones, as well as found a way to the community s spontaneous logics and official logics were connected to improve the quality of the urban habitat auto-constructed at the urban periphery.


The COVID-19 lockdown caused hard time for higher education: unexpected shift to online. This research was conducted among 50 first-year Bachelor's Degree students and 50 first-year Master's Degree students of the Faculty of Economics of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The objective of the study was to identify the challenges that each focus group faced and students' satisfaction rate in education under lockdown. Quantitative methods were used for collecting data and Excel tools for processing the results The findings demonstrated relatively average satisfaction rate among the 1st-year Bachelor level students due to a number of factors: lack of self-study skills, lack of background, lack of experience. However, 1st-year Master level students demonstrated relatively high satisfaction rate. The reason for this is that they are quite experienced and competent, therefore, they require less facilitation from the professors, their background knowledge is enough to allow them to search the necessary data in the Internet, their analytical and reasoning skills are developed enough to let them process obtained information, critically evaluate it and produce reasonable conclusions. The findings of this research allow to assume that after lockdown it might be worth reconsidering the format of learning for Master's Degree Programs and shift from conventional face-to-face learning to blended or even distance learning.


Chemical compositions of two lubricating basic oil are analyzed by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry method.This method can obtain the relatively complete molecular distribution and formula information of lubricating basic oil.The results show that the detected compounds mainly include hydrocarbons,esters and heteroatom-containing compounds(N,O and S).And the high abundance hydrocarbons have been determined in lubricating basic oil,but the esters with low abundance.Low amount of nitrogen-containing organic compounds,with abundant varieties,include C6H16N,C6H10N3,C27H41N10,C6H13N6O3,C20H33N6O2,C21H35N6O2,C22H37N6O2和C24H41N6O3,etc.The presence of nitrogen-containing organic compounds,especially with the basic nitrogen compounds,has an adverse effect on oxidation stability of lubricating basic oil.


The Venezuelan academic research has traditionally been conducted in isolation, and in many cases has been disconnected to the scientific, technological and ...


The coupling of the slider in the half-coupling of speed for a kinematic and dynamic analysis based on the slider coupling respectively UG simulation and ADAMS simulation has been half-coupled.The two speed curves were gotten by analyzing and comparing two sets of curves of velocity maps and found two sets of data closer to the respective averages,but the UG simulation data obtained by the curve is more stable,fluctuating relatively small,and ADAMS simulation data obtained from a large range of fluctuation curve.That was revealed in the ADAMS model into the process,some differences do exist.This analysis of the conclusions of the analysis of two software simulation accuracy with a certain reference value.


Wellbeing is a state of good physical, psychological and social functioning of an individual enabling him to function in coherence with self and society. While health indicates the state of the body and mind, wellbeing refers to the positive side of physical, psychological and social functioning. Physical and psychological wellbeing is concerned just with the individual and social wellbeing is the ability to be in coherence with the society and maintaining good social relationships. Smartphone usage is a very important factor that needs to be studied in relation to their wellbeing as college students spend most of their time with their smartphone. In the present study, correlational research design was used to study the relationship between smartphone usage and their psychological wellbeing based on the objectives and hypotheses which need not be a cause and effect relationship. The study was carried out in Kakinada (also popular as Co-Canada), Andhra Pradesh. The sample size was 400 college students. The age group of the sample ranged from 16-25 years. The findings of the study indicated that the total psychological wellbeing of the college students showed negative correlation with ritualistic and problematic smartphone usage but not instrumental usage where the students used it for goal directed activities. Autonomy was the only psychological variable which was not predicted by smartphone usage. Instrumental smartphone use positively predicted some of the dimensions of psychological wellbeing but other usage patterns i.e., ritualistic and problematic usage negatively affected the psychological wellbeing.


I recall the difficulties of QCD thermal perturbation theory and how weak coupling techniques, with appropriate resummations, can nevertheless be used to obtain a good description of the thermodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma for temperatures T & 3Tc. I also argue that for such temperatures, hot QCD does not look too close to the strong coupling regime of strongly coupled N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories.


Analysis of population dynamics/processes in Pacific Small Island Developing Countries (SIDCs) reveals a strong link between some of these dynamics (namely: high total fertility rates and youthful population structure higher urban than rural population growth and particularly in Polynesian and other countries high out-migration rates) and the employment problem. It is shown in this paper that these population processes and their outcome pose great pressure on and challenges to employment creation and development in the region. Further on the paper presents some of the policy and institutional problems that five Pacific SIDCs are facing. While acknowledging the importance of an enabling economic environment (macroeconomic policies and regulatory framework) in employment creation strategies the paper only addresses in some detail issues pertinent to institutional constraints and problems of skill formation that the Pacific SIDCs face. Some important areas requiring further policy research are highlighted at the end of the paper. (authors)


The animal protein is considered one of the food ingredients necessary for human nutrition and health, as animal protein sources are obtained from red meat, white meat and fish, and the demand for it is related to increasing the population and increasing the average personal income, in addition to the level of health and nutritional awareness of the population, and increase the average per capita from them, as the average per capita red meat, white meat and fish in Egypt during the average period (2000-2018) was about 15.0, 12.4, 17.4 kg / year, while the annual growth rate was about 1.1%, 3.1%, 2.7 %, Respectively, which indicates that the rate of increase in population growth The rate of increase in the demand for red meat exceeded the result of the increase in individual incomes, which led to an increase in the price of red meat, which reached about 148.3 EGP / kg in 2018, which resulted in the transformation of the consumer to the available alternatives in the market of white meat and fish. This research targets the standard estimation of the optimal demand for the meat group in Egypt during the period (2000-2018) using the Almost Ideal Demand System and identifying the most important variables affecting the consumption of the meat group, based on the prices of red meat, white meat and fish, and relationship analysis among them in light of competition in the proportion of spending on them. The results of the standard estimating of the demand for meat group using AIDS in Egypt during the period (2000-2018). 1. Increase in the Egyptian consumer spending on red meat than white meat and fish , where it amounted to about 62.8%, 15.9%, and 21.3%, respectively, which means the consumer prefers red meat over white meat and fish in meeting his needs of animal protein products. 2. the most important variables affecting to the demand for meat group in Egypt are: the average retail prices of red meat, white meat and fish, and spending on meat group. 3. It was clear from the indication and value of the spending elasticity (income demand) that red meat is a luxury good, which means that the greater the consumer's income, the greater the percentage of spending on that commodity at a rate greater than the rate of increase in income, while the white meat and fish are essential commodities, this means that the higher the consumer's income, the greater the percentage of spending on those commodities at a rate less than the rate of increase in income. 4. It was clear from the indication and the value of the elasticity of the price demand - that the demand for red meat, white meat and fish is not flexible, as the response of the quantity consumed of these commodities to price changes decreases. 5. The cross-reference price elasticity of the elasticity index indicates that red meat and both white meat and fish are complementary goods, meaning that the price of both white meat and fish increases, so that the percentage of spending on red meat are decreases. It was also found that white meat and both red meat and fish are considered complementary commodities because the increase in the price of both red meat and fish leads to a decrease in the percentage of white meat spending. While it was found that fish and white meat are two competitive commodities, because an increase in the price of white meat leads to an increase in the proportion of spending on fish.


Iterative prototyping has traditionally enabled engineers and designers to test concepts in the latter stages of development once problem and solution have been defined. Exploring the use of this technique in the problem definition area of research to stimulate interaction and discovery during codesign [1] has the potential to generate insightful, user driven ideation. Combining and taking inspiration from Presumptive Design [2], Speculative Design [3] and Co- Design through making [4], this research introduces a fruitful connection between provocative artefact engagement and user generated ideation, while implementing digitally fabricated objects, in the generative front end of the design process. A six-person multi-disciplinary design group generated an initial, 'Presumptive' artifact followed by subsequent user inspired objects. Four workshop sessions involving a total of thirteen different participants were facilitated during three iterations. Workshop participants were introduced to ill-conceived artifacts and asked to critique and reflect. The artifacts were not introduced as valid prototypes, only objects to spark conversation about the cycling experience at The Ohio State University. Through discussions, observations and the use of maketools [5], participants documented their responses and needs for future use. These responses were then used to inspire and provoke the design group to further evolve the discussion and iterations while exploring the problem space. The digitally fabricated, provocative artifacts created by the researcher stimulated users to discuss and ideate in a co-creative setting, eventually leading to a clearer understanding of their future needs. Interaction with artifacts and designerly concerns introduced participants to product evaluation and critique that was then applied to their own considerations. The process transformed the sacrificial artifact, through a series of iterations, into a physical representation of a solution to those needs.


The invention relates to a method for recovering a tungsten component from a selective catalytic reduction denitrification catalyst, belonging to the technical field of waste catalyst recovery. The invention achieves the purpose of separating and purifying a tungsten component by high-temperature sodium salt roasting, organic phase extraction, ammonia water back extraction and other operations. According to the invention, tungsten trioxide in a catalyst can be separated from other acidic metal oxide, the contained tungsten element can be selectively extracted, no effect can be made on the recovery of other metal elements, and the recovery of the tungsten component can be realized basically.


The purpose of this research is to measure the effectiveness of the marketing mix strategy towards Night Zoo at Zoo Melaka by identifying the level of consumer acceptance towards the marketing mix strategy. The dependent variable for this research is consumer acceptance and the component of marketing mix, which consists of product, price, promotion and place, represents the independent variables. The research is conducted at Zoo Melaka where 70 questionnaires have been distributed. The questionnaires was distributed during the operational hours of Night Zoo. Based on the study, the researcher finds that consumer moderately accepts Night Zoo at Zoo Melaka. Furthermore, among the four components of marketing mix, place is the most influential factors that contribute to the consumer acceptance towards Night Zoo at Zoo Melaka. While, in term of relationship, all of the four components in marketing mix have significant relationship with consumer acceptance. Through the findings of the research, it can be concluded that all of the four components in marketing mix done by Zoo Melaka for Night Zoo is moderately effective.


For those who are able, homeschooling is becoming an attractive option. In that sense, the coronavirus might be a blessing in disguise.


Recently, the wireless power transmission has been investigated for many applications such as capsular endoscope that exists for a long time in the body. They can reduce the burden of doctors and patients, on the other hand, they has the risk due to contain cell battery that might leak toxic substances. In this paper, we examine the way of wireless power transmission to a capsular endoscope by using microwave. We propose the planar antenna that can be easily produced and can be hard to deform. Using proposed antenna, we acquired good characteristics.


It was reported that residual amount of abamectin in muscle tissues of shrimps was determined by RP-HPLC.Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate,and defatted with n-hexane.After centrifugation,an aliquot of the lower layer was taken for separation by passing through Hypersil C_(18) column(150 mm×4.6 mm.5μm).A mixture of methanol and water mixed in the ratio of 86 to 14(by volume) was used as mobile phase;and UV-detection at 245nm was used in the determination.Linear relationship between values of peak area and mass concentration of the abamectin was kept in the range of 0.005-2 mg·L~(-1),with detection limit(3S/N) of 0.002 mg·kg~(-1).Test for recovery was made by addition of standard abamectin at 3 different concentration levels to samples of muscle tissues of shrimps as matrixes,values of recovery found were in the range of 89.4%to 102.4%.Values of intraday and interday relative standard deviation(n = 6) found were in the ranges of 2.1%- 7.2%and 5.5%-8.4%respectively.


A frequent NDT inspection in pipes seeks to maintain if the pipe wall thickness has been altered (eroded/corroded) over time. Even the slightest change can affect the pipes ability to withstand pressures and meet relevant operation requirements. The deterioration in the wall thickness of the pipe may even cause the total collapse of the pipe. Thus the accurate measurement of the pipe walls, is a vitally important test. The radiographic method, most used for this test is called Double Wall Inspection Technique. We will review various complications regarding double wall thickness measurement in general and specifically with digital radiography. The amount of material to be penetrated for good inspection, blooming effect (penetration vs. saturation), the implications of magnification (distortion and Unsharpness) and more will be explained. Method to counter problematic of the wall thickness measurement will be suggested. The situation where there is a huge discrepancy between the minimal thickness of material to be penetrated for the outer wall identification, and the extensive amount of material to be penetrated for the inner wall identification creates a conflict in X-ray exposure/ dose (energy level and time) for each of these measurements. An analysis of this problem and the theory behind its solution methods will be reviewed. A special solution with digital radiography, which enables automatic grabbing of more than one image and gathering all the data necessary for exact double wall thickness measurement, as well as measurement calibration methods, will be presented. Vidisco is happy to share its over 20 years of experience in the field of Digital X-ray inspections at WCNDT. Expertise that enables us to offer advanced digital radiography tools and solutions for NDT operators, which enable them to make the most of new technologies, increasing inspection efficiency and reducing costs.


We analysed the influence of several enzymatic treatment processes using an alkaline cellulase enzyme from Bacillus spp. on the sorption properties of cotton fabrics. Although cellulases are commonly applied in detergent formulations due to their anti‐redeposition and depilling benefits, determining the mechanism of action of alkaline cellulases on cotton fibres requires a deeper understanding of the morphology and structure of cotton fibres in terms of fibre cleaning. The accessibility of cellulose fibres was studied by evaluating the iodine sorption value and by fluorescent‐labelled enzyme microscopy; the surface morphology of fabrics was analysed by scanning microscopy. The action of enzyme hydrolysis over short time periods can produce fibrillation on cotton fibre surface without any release of cellulosic material. The results indicate that several short consecutive treatments were more effective in increasing the fibre accessibility than one long treatment. In addition, no detectable hydrolytic activity, in terms of reducing sugar production, was found.


Hairy-cell leukemia, first described nearly 30 years ago,1 is a rare disease (representing approximately 2 percent of adult leukemias), which is characterized by splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and neoplastic mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The abnormal hairy cells are unique because of the presence on the cell surface of broad-based undulating ruffles, which appear under the light microscope as cytoplasmic projections or "hairs." These cells are most likely derived from pre-plasma-cell B lymphocytes, as demonstrated by the presence of immunoglobulin-gene rearrangements and B-cell–specific antigens. The diagnosis can usually be suspected from the clinical manifestations and evaluation of the . . .


Si, como escritor, intento aprehender que es Europapara los personajes que recorren sus calles, adviertoque es al mismo tiempo una promesa y una amenaza. I When navigators from my country arrived in America for the first time they were searching for a new maritime route around the world from the west to reach the spice-rich East Indies. It didn't take many more journeys for them to realize that what they had found was a new continent, which they called the West Indies before it was eventually...


IN JANE AUSTEN'S ART OF MEMORY, Jocelyn Harris concludes that "in memory [Austen] found origins for art," following the eighteenth-century vogue for imitation in her synthesizing of what she had read: "her practice often looks to me like 'imitation' . . . which, says Howard Weinbrot, 'fosters literary borrowing and encourages modernization'" (221, 219). Harris bases her book on Austen's "tenacious" memory, a trait also discussed by most of the critics who investigate how Austen made use of what she read (Harris x), and is generous is allowing for how much she may have overlooked. For Harris, "Austen's recollections of books gave her languages to speak with" (218), a telling phrase, conjuring up a mute, or at least tongue-tied Austen for whom reading performed its highest function of instruction, enabling a layering of meaning and event, filling the blank page. What is striking, however, is the reluctance readers show to compromise on what is often presented as Austen's superiority, despite her debts. Thus she "better[s] the novel" (Siskin 137); she "almost single-handedly . . . has made most of her contemporaries seem excessive, artificial, or absurd" (Todd 18); she "created a new kind of novel which put all her predecessors and contemporaries more or less in the shade and ensured her work outlived theirs" (Waldron 3). These encomiums, and others, derive from scholars who are willing to admit that Austen read her contemporaries and that this reading is visible in her work. Others insist that Austen's unique genius is untainted by such associations; hence, "she is little given to direct imitation" (Grundy 191, in an article on "Jane Austen and Literary Traditions"); she is "extraordinarily isolated from contemporary writers" (Gillie 55). As Austen sets about perfecting the novel, she is somehow also isolated from the novelistic world, always doing better, always going further


This paper presents a miniaturized tag for UHF RFID applications which provided a simple mechanism to tune the impedance match at the desired frequency and extended the bandwidth of the proposed electrically small tag antenna on a metallic object. The compact tag antenna is configured by the four-element radiating patchs and a separated ground plane, which was connected through the four via pins and excited by a feed in the middle of the two 100 Ω microstrip lines. To match the complex input impedance of a UCODE 8/8m chip, the tag antennas' impedance was controlled by the four radiating edges of the rectangular patches. Besides, dividing a ground plane into two small ground plates significantly enhanced the directivity pattern and radiation efficiency of the small tag. The optimized prototype dimensions of 30.01 × 30.01 × 3.12 mm3 (0.092 λ0 × 0.092 λ0 × 0.0098 λ0) yielded a reading distance of 8.5 m, the high radiation efficiency of 38%, and a wide bandwidth of 40 MHz, which covers a spectrum of 26 MHz of North America band (902 – 928 MHz).


Cyanate ester (CE) resins possess a wide variety of attractive features that make them suitable for both electronic and aerospace composite applications. However, high curing temperature and long curing time limit the application range of CE resins. In this study, curing reaction, heat resistant and dielectric properties of bisphenol A-based cyanate ester (BACY) resin catalyzed by bisphenol AF (BPAF) were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic mechanical analyser and dielectric properties analyser. The incorporation of the BPAF decreased the curing temperature and showed a strong catalytic effect in cyclotrimerization reaction of BACY. BACY resin catalyzed by 4 phr BPAF at 180 °C post-cured for 5 h presented high curing degree of 92.8% and glass transition temperature of 247.4 °C. Moreover, BACY resin catalyzed by 4 phr BPAF at 180 °C post-cured for 5 h exhibited excellent dielectric properties (ε and tan δ equal to 2.87 and 0.0084) comparable to commercial modified cyanate ester resin post-cured at 200 °C for 10 h. These results suggest that catalyst BPAF possesses promising potential application in meeting low-temperature short-term curing of high-performance cyanate ester resin based wave-transparent composites.


This paper presents a novel 1200 V RB-IGBT for an AC matrix converter. The 1200 V RB-IGBT is made by a deep diffusion isolation process and thin wafer process technology. Our fabricated RB-IGBT achieved more than 1200 V reverse blocking capability and the same forward voltage drop Vce(sat) and turn-off energy loss Eoff characteristics as our previous punch through type (PT-type) third generation IGBT. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the total loss in the AC matrix converter operation compared with the conventional IGBT and diode coupling.


The present invention in as the design of a thermally conductive member and the insulating structure in which the laminate surface between the film that is not exposed to the outside of the pocket type that is, to configure it to the back sheet in the back sheet is mounted to the module for a solar power generation of the present invention moisture contact can prevent delamination between the heat-conductive member and the insulating film mutually in, which results can be astute upgrade the insulation performance of the back sheet, and was given the sun in the event of a module for power generation attached gas is provided to passage out to the outside the backsheet bar doeeotneun perfectly solve the problem of delamination, Eventually, the present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation module comprising a solar power for the safety of the pocket type that can be expected to improve performance solar module back sheet.


With the recent increase of the interest in IoT in almost all areas of industry, computing technologies have been increasingly applied in human environments such as houses, buildings, cars, and streets; in these IoT environments, speech recognition is being widely accepted as a means of HCI. The existing server-based speech recognition techniques are typically fast and show quite high recognition rates; however, an internet connection is necessary, and complicated server computing is required because a voice is recognized by units of words that are stored in server databases. This paper, as a successive research results of speech recognition algorithms for the Korean phonemic vowel 'ㅏ', 'ㅓ', suggests an implementation of speech recognition algorithms for the Korean phonemic vowel 'ㅣ'. We observed that almost all of the vocal waveform patterns for 'ㅣ' are unique and different when compared with the patterns of the 'ㅏ' and 'ㅓ' waveforms. In this paper we propose specific waveform patterns for the Korean vowel 'ㅣ' and the corresponding recognition algorithms. We also presents experiment results showing that, by adding neural-network learning to our algorithm, the voice recognition success rate for the vowel 'ㅣ' can be increased. As a result we observed that 90% or more of the vocal expressions of the vowel 'ㅣ' can be successfully recognized when our algorithms are used.


Recent results have empirically proved that, given several related tasks with different data distributions and an algorithm that can utilize both the task-specific and cross-task knowledge, clustering performance of each task can be significantly enhanced. This kind of unsupervised learning method is called multi-task clustering. We focus on tackling the multi-task clustering problem via a 3-factor nonnegative matrix factorization. The object of our approach consists of two parts: (1) Within-task co-clustering: co-cluster the data in the input space individually. (2) Cross-task regularization: Learn and refine the relations of feature spaces among different tasks. We show that our approach has a sound information theoretic background and the experimental evaluation shows that it outperforms many state-of-the-art single-task or multi-task clustering methods.


A switchgear assembly module has a housing, which forms a common gas space for accommodating an insulating gas for the switchgear assembly module. The switchgear assembly module includes a busbar conductor arrangement having three busbar conductor sections, which are accommodated in the common gas space, an outgoing conductor connection group with three outgoing conductor openings and with three outgoing conductor sections, which extend from within the housing towards a respective one of the outgoing conductor openings, and three switch disconnectors, which each connect a respective one of the busbar conductor sections to a respective one of the outgoing conductor sections via a disconnection point. The disconnection point of a first one of the switch disconnectors is arranged on a first side of an outgoing normal plane and the disconnection point of a second one of the switch disconnectors is arranged on a second side of the outgoing normal plane.


EARTHSYS 10. Introduction to Earth Systems. 4 Units. For non-majors and prospective Earth Systems majors. Multidisciplinary approach using the principles of geology, biology, engineering, and economics to describe how the Earth operates as an interconnected, integrated system. Goal is to understand global change on all time scales. Focus is on sciences, technological principles, and sociopolitical approaches applied to solid earth, oceans, water, energy, and food and population. Case studies: environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, and resource sustainability.


Efficient direct electron heating by fast waves has been observed on the DIII‐D tokamak. A four strap antenna with (0,π,0,π) phasing launched up to 1.6 MW of fast wave power with ‖n∥‖≊111. This ‖n∥‖ is suitable for strong electron interaction in ohmic target plasmas (Te≤2 keV). Ion cyclotron absorption was minimized by keeping the hydrogen fraction low (<3%) in deuterium discharges and by operating at high ion cyclotron harmonics (ω=4ΩH=8ΩD at 1 T). The fast wave electron heating was weak for central electron temperatures below 1 keV, but improved substantially with increasing Te. Although linear theory predicts a strong inverse magnetic field scaling of the first pass absorption, the measured fast‐wave heating efficiency was independent of magnetic field. Multiple pass absorption of the fast waves appears to be occurring since at 2.1 T nearly 100% efficient plasma heating is observed while the calculated first pass absorption is 6% to 8%. The central electron temperature during fast wave heating also inc...


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to medical equipment. Balloon with key element is intended for hitching with receiver and contains case, cap, which has base for hitching with part of balloon case and hole for leaking of cosmetic liquid from balloon case, and key element, passing longitudinally, on at least, part of balloon. Key element is intended for hitching with element of receiver lock, size and shape of lock element correspond to size and shape of key element. Described are balloon receiver and versions of spray system for dispersion of cosmetic liquid, using balloon with key element and are different in implementation of spray unit, spray nozzle and connection of balloon with spray system. EFFECT: ensuring application of proper balloon with specified proper liquid, as well as prevention of balloon rotation in receiver. 60 cl, 15 dwg


The biology characteristics of Taliu black-boned chicken,breed origin and development,body conformation,body weight and body measurements,slaughter performances,egg qualities and reproductive performances were introduced.Breed current situation,breed protection,breed research and utilization have been surveyed and analysed in TaLiu black-boned chicken,and the protection and development strategies have been made for TaLiu black-boned chicken.


Thanks to their low cost and their broad spectrum of activity in preventing or treating bacterial infections, sulfonamides (SAs) are one of the oldest groups of veterinary chemo‐ therapeutics, having been used for more than fifty years. To a lesser extent they are also applied in human medicine. After tetracyclines, they are the most commonly consumed veterinary antibiotics in the European Union. As these compounds are not completely metabolized, a high proportion of them are excreted unchanged in feces and urine. Therefore, both the unmetabolized antibiotics as well as their metabolites are released either directly to the environment in aquacultures and by grazing animals or indirectly during the application of manure or slurry [1-3].


Molecular mimicry is a model in which foreign antigens are sufficiently similar to native antigens to trigger an autoimmune response. A study involving the specificity of a T-cell receptor derived from a patient with multiple sclerosis indicates that molecular mimicry extends to complexes of proteins — a finding with implications for therapy.


The Taylor Estate Dispute was a confrontation between Long Island State Parks Commission and the men of wealth in the island who opposed the former's plan to transform the estate to park. This dispute quickly exacerbated into a power struggle between the Republican and the Democratic or the wealth and the general public from a legal event after political parties and mass media's joining in the battle. As a result,this dispute had no way to be solved other than political compromise. American local politics could be better understood through the dispute,and we can further comprehend the operation of local politics and the bipartisan system, it also reflect the benefit conflict between government and landowners.


Due to the intrinsic attributes of orature in performative arts, many scholars have paid little or no attention to the integral and distinctive contributions of orature in the evolution of theatre history and practice. But in looking at the various theories on the origin of theatre and the various studies on the evolution of theatre practices over the ages, one could see that oreature had played significant roles to the advancement of theatre which hitherto had not been given a meticulous academic scrutiny. Using a library/desk research methods, this paper is therefore set to examine the significant contributions of orature to the growth of theatre practice in Nigeria using southwest, the most advanced theatre culture in the country as a case study. It is also the aims of this study to identify challenges involved in the deployment of orature to the service of theatre practices and offer plausible solutions. Introduction The term "Orature" and not "Oral literature" used in the paper is a deliberate effort in creating a clearer concept that would capture the nation of "the creative oral expression" similar to the term literature which stood for "the creative written expression." As a result, the choice of title for the paper is not a mistake nor is it an accidental design. It is meant to address and capture the specific interest of the author and to delineate the area of coverage in this study. The term orature is no longer a strange or new one, according to Oyin Ogunba (2006:12), "It came into being about forty years ago and was first used,...in East Africa to replace earlier term like oral tradition, oral literature, oraliterature, and primitive literature." For over thirty five years Ogunba had propagated this term in the western part of Africa. In his efforts to lionize the appropriateness of this term in conceptualizing the creative process of oral expression through which cultural knowledge and creativity are developed, preserved and transmitted to the audience, Ogunba once considers the inappropriateness of other terms and comes up the following submissions: The term Primitive literature, he sees as the most inappropriate on the premises that it is based on racist assumption that creative oral expression is inferior to creative written expression. But in reality "a superiority/inferiority categorisation does not apply at all since each of the two creative modes achieves its aims and goals perfectly well within its own universe." (12) He equally believes, the label of Oral tradition is not suitable on the ground that the term is more in line with anthropological discourse than creative oral expression. The concept of Oral literature and its variant Oraliterature according to Ogunba (2006:13) International Journal of Arts and Commerce ISSN 1929-7106 www.ijac.org.uk 18 "have been in vague for a long time," the only inadequacy he sees about the term is the literature element, since literature (litera) suggests something written in which case oral literature becomes a contradiction in terms. He then postulates that: Furthermore, Ogunba (2006:14) opines that, even though, every culture has a creative oral past but orature has lingered much longer in Africa and other developing areas in the world than in other cultures which embraced literacy much earlier. Besides, he points out that: Conceptual Framework: Orature: Base on the foregoing, the connotation of the term orature, in this paper will imply: a creative oral expression, an oral explicit oral communication, an artistic process that depends on the mental and eloquent power of the performer. As an innovative venture, orature involve a process in which observation, knowledge, general findings and other creative components on the use of language are committed to the memory of the artiste/communicator. Moreover, in this artistic and creative process, the performer be it a singer, actor, musician, communicator or stand-up comedian must be physically present in a place in order to establish his identity and importance before a live audience, a camera or a microphone. The notion of orature in the paper shall not be restricted to artistic creativity in heroic poetry, myths, legendary stories, songs, dance and other dramatic displays but extend to embrace the preservation of cultural values and transmission of didactic information through eloquent communication. Therefore the concept of orature will equally be used interchangeably with a creative oral expression, an eloquent oral communication, or other rhetorical arts. In identifying the characteristic of orature, Ogunba (2006:14) once again, points out that the study on orature is still in its infancy and this is largely due to the language barrier. According to him, the available studies thus far are still both language – and – culture bound, while findings are still tentative. Nevertheless: In addition, a long duration of performance could be identified as a second attribute of this arts form. Even Ogunba would agree that, a good performer (singer/musician/stand-up comedian) could effortlessly go on for as long ten hours nonstop and such an artiste is often appreciated with loud ovation. Thus orature ...since the material we are trying to label is oral rather than written in any form. The term orature is, therefore, a fortunate (happy) creation and a most appropriate one because it combines both the oral component (ora) and the cultus (culture) element. When cultures move from orality to literacy, there is usually a transitional period when there is a state of indeterminacy between orality and literacy. Nigeria and most of Africa are still at this transitional state and this is the reason why understanding the orature of these communities is vitally important in accessing the psyche of the people. ... some general features, some notions of the poetics of armature are already discernible. Orature relies very heavily on performance ingenuity. Because there is no finite text and because the material being performed often exists only vaguely in the mind of the populace and has to be called up and energized by the chanter: a great deal depends on how it is realized by a particular performer. Eloquentia is, therefore, an indispensible attribute of a good chanter and of good orature in general. International Journal of Arts and Commerce Vol. 2 No. 11 December, 2013 19 indeed, provides a perfect context for artistic showmanship and exhibitionism. In most cases, a great portion of text in orature "has been handed over from generation to generation with relatively slight modification and therefore, it has acquired the sanctity and aura of perfection which age and longevity tend to bestow on artistic material." For their sources of information and inspiration, most artistes in this category usually rely heavily and recall from personal experiences and other cultural exposure. Theatre: The term theatre as established in many textbooks, originated from Greek word – theatron which meant a place of seeing, however, the word theatre is used to connote more than just the venue of performance, or the building where performing arts are staged, it could also imply a profession (i.e. theatre artiste), or used interchangeably with various genres of performative arts: drama, dance and music as well as stand-up comedy or other forms of oratory delivery. Practice: The word practice often connotes action rather than ideas, it deals the way of doing things as in a convention or mode of operation, it could imply a habitual display or a customary act, an established rite. To others, it means a professional calling – a work or business of some professionals such as a theatre practitioner, a doctor, a lawyer or any other fields. Orature and the Origins of Theatre: In looking at the various theories on the origin of theatre and in tracing the genealogy of theatre practices over the years in Nigeria, it is appropriate to reiterate the fact that, many scholars have glossed over the unique nature/attributes and contributions of orature in their theatrical discourse due to the intrinsic nature of its functions in theatrical performances. However, the impacts and the contributions of orature to the theatrical evolution will now take the centre stage of this paper. In diagnosing the importance and the contributions of orature to theatrical history, theory and practice in Nigeria this study will commence its exploration from the various theories on the origin of theatre. Therefore, the launching point for this paper shall be the theory on the ritual origin of theatre. The speculation holds that "theatre developed from ritual and myth. The hypothesis thus situates the origin of theatre in the human's quest to understand his physical and metaphysical environments and his determination to appease and control natural forces around him. According to Hameed Lawal (2010:3): In dissecting the presumption captured above, one would agree that this assumption is common to many studies on theatre histories. However this speculation could not be held as exclusive origin of theatre because the same presumption could also be used as to establish the origins of religion, music dance and other genres of performing arts. A second look on this theory will reveal the fact that, even the code of communication might not be as comprehensive or sophisticated as it is today, yet oral communication must have been deployed to gain In the beginning, people gradually become aware of forces that appear to control their food supply and other determinant of existence. Having no clear understanding of natural causes, they attribute them to supernatural or magical forces. Next, they began to search for means to win the favour of the[se] powers. Over a period of time, they perceived an apparent connection they have sought to bring about. The devices are then repeated, refined and formalized until they become ritualized. At this stage, the entire group performed the rite while the 'a


Entrepreneurial curriculum is the core of entrepreneurial education and the bridge to achieve entrepreneurial education goals. Students' structure of knowledge, ability, and quality is determined by scientific and reasonable entrepreneurial curriculum system in certain degree. However, viewed from the present situation of entrepreneurial education in domestic colleges and universities, there has not been a mature and effective entrepreneurial curriculum yet. Drawing lessons from the theory of curriculum development of Vocational Education, a creative model of entrepreneurial curriculum system development for colleges and universities is put forwards systematically from the perceptive of entrepreneurial process on the basis of curriculum theories. Meanwhile, entrepreneurial curriculum system based on entrepreneurial process for college students is developed according to it's "three-dimensional" construction model.


The effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from patients having Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) on voltage‐dependent Na+ channels were compared. Bathing human myoballs in CSF substantially reduced their Na+ currents (by >40% with 8 of 10 patients) elicited at 1 Hz under whole‐cell recording conditions. This was because, at the resting potential, more Na+ channels were inactivated (left‐shift of the h∞ curve). CSF from patients with other neurological diseases (OND) produces a similar, but smaller, effect. In contrast, serum samples from the same GBS and OND patients caused an increase of the Na+ currents by reducing the number of Na+ channels inactivated at the resting potential. This right‐shift of the h∞ curve is in part explained by the effect of serum albumin. We confirm that the CSF of most GBS and CIDP patients contains factors inhibiting voltage‐dependent Na+ currents. There is no indication that such factors are effective in the serum of these patients. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The research was aimed to know the effect of the gibberellic acid concentrations and types of varieties on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper ( Capsicum frutescens L.). Research was conducted from November 2017 until April 2018 in Ciruas Village, Ciruas District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research used Randomized Completely Block Design with two factors and three replications. The firs factor was concentration of gibberellic acid ( GA3) wich consisted five levels namely G0=0 ppm, G1=10 ppm, G2=20 ppm, G3=30 ppm, G4-40 ppm. The second factors was  types of varieties wich consisted two levels namely V1=Hybrids (Pelita), V2=Non Hybrids (Tripang). The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, Flowering age, number of flowers, percentage of fall flowers, age of fruit harvest, number of fruits and  the weight of fruit. The result showed that the concentration of GA3 has no significant effect on all parameters. Type of varieties gave significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, number of flowers and age of fruit harvest. Type of varieties V1 (hybrids) gave the average on the number of leaves 6  weeks after planted (92,07 sheet), flowering age (42,13 day after planting), and age of fruit harvest (90,26 day after planting). There was no interaction between concentration of GA3 and types of varieties on all parameters. Keyword: Cayenne pepper, Concentration of GA 3, Types of varieties


The invention relates to a method for heating a reducing agent generation system of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine by combustion of fuel, said reducing agent for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is generated in the intermittently operated reducing agent generation system, the reducing agent generation system comprising a plasma torch , a downstream or upstream mixture forming chamber, an oxidation-reforming unit and a combined nitrogen oxide storage / ammonia generating unit, and wherein the nitrogen oxide is generated in a plasma in the plasma torch. The invention further relates to a corresponding device. The object of the invention, the method is attained in that the combustion of the fuel is ignited by the plasma. In this way, the required at the start of the reducing agent generation system heating of the catalytic components by combustion of fuel can take place by means of a burner functionality, which consists of a fuel metering and the already existing plasma torch. A separate heating-burner as an option can be omitted.


In this paper, the numerical model of electromagnetic wave multiple interactions with discrete inhomogeneities chaotically disposed in the stratified media, which contained the semitransparent disks is developed. The method of solving this problem is based on the stochastic modeling of wave interaction with random discrete media. In the result of the computation we received the energy of scattering signal in space of coordinates


Reinforcement learning has the potential to improve classical control design methods in numerous applications. However, tracking control is still a challenge. Varying the target over time can cause the learning process to fail since the agent is unable to discern between trajectory and system dynamics. Only if the control target is assumed to be constant, a value function can be constructed. To solve this problem we propose to manipulate the state-action-reward-state tuples for training to simulate a constant target within each tuple. We further demonstrate that this mechanism can be used to move exploration noise to the trajectory. We successfully apply the presented reinforcement learning algorithm to speed control with varying setpoints both to a simulation model and a real-world road vehicle.


The report justifies the need and outlines the possibilities for internal audit of personal data protection. There is an understanding that auditors, on the one hand, operate with personal data and are obliged to comply with the requirements for their protection, and on the other hand, they have the role of verifying the effectiveness of personal data protection procedures in organizations. Specific guidelines for the implementation of audit of personal data protection are outlined.


Opinions stated in the Economic Review are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland or of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Material may be reprinted provided that the source is credited. Please send copies of reprinted materials to the editor.


Assemblage of Pastoral Power and Sameness The political discussions around immigrant integration in Finland have specifically problematised the integration of immigrant women. This article uses a Foucaultian framework of governmentality to analyse these problematisations. By exploring the way that state feminist rationalities are used to measure the integration of immigrant women through specific definitions of gender equality, the article shows how integration technologies are envisioned as a means of bringing about gender equality for immigrant women and how these technologies use modes of pastoral power reflecting a liberal desire to govern at a distance. The article also addresses the power/knowledge constellation that omits knowledge about other intersectionalities.


INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................223 GENOMIC ORGANIZATION OF HCV..................................................................................................................223 GENOMIC HETEROGENEITY AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS ..............................................................224 ROLE OF GENOMIC HETEROGENEITY IN HCV PERSISTENCE AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT.............................................................................................................................225 METHODS FOR HCV GENOTYPING...................................................................................................................226 Molecular Genotyping ............................................................................................................................................226 Serologic Genotyping..............................................................................................................................................226 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF HCV GENOTYPES...................................................................................227 CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF HCV GENOTYPES................................................................................................228 Genotypes and HCV Genetic Heterogeneity as Epidemiologic Markers ........................................................228 HCV Diagnostic Assays..........................................................................................................................................229 Outcome of Acute HCV Infection .........................................................................................................................229 Progression of Liver Disease.................................................................................................................................230 Response to Interferon Therapy ...........................................................................................................................231 CONCLUSIONS .........................................................................................................................................................231 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................231


Used as a prophylactic, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 significantly reduced the risk of developing diarrhea or a respiratory tract infection (RTI) in healthy, 6-month-old to 36-month-old children who attended daycare, a study conducted in Mexico showed.


This paper focuses on signal space interference alignment for the uplink and downlink transmissions in a cellular relay network with multiple cells where a single base station serves multiple mobile stations in each cell and several amplifyand-forward relays are deployed. We show that the interference alignment problems in the uplink and downlink transmissions are a pair of formally dual problems. Exploiting the reciprocity of the channels, a two-step procedure first nullifying the intercell interferences following the idea of relay-aided interference alignment and then designing a zero-forcing filter for each base station to suppress the intra-cell interferences is proposed to obtain the dual interference alignment solutions. Furthermore, the dual solutions also achieve the same sum rate in both the uplink and the reciprocal downlink transmissions with a sum transmit power constraint even if the power consumed by the relays and the relay retransmitted noises are considered.


Since the beginning of the 21st century,many provinces have produced their strategies of ecological conservation.This is the best way to bring the advantage of natural resources into full play,to establish a new platform of development,and to create a new image of each province.According to the strategy of Guizhou for that target,continual efforts will be made to take sustainable development as the core for the construction of an "ecological province",to take harmonious development between man and nature as the main link,to upgrade people's living standards as the basic goal,to develop ecological economy,conserve the ecological environment and cultivate ecological culture as the main tasks,and to take innovation by relying on science and technology and reform the administrative systems and management as the power,so as to stimulate the all-round harmonious development between economic society and population,and between resources and environment.Ecology is not merely a sort of natural ecology,but also a social one.This needs undertaking a transition from the"resource society" to the"ecological society".The present paper analyzes the three important features of ecological civilization,and finally,it probes into how to establish a civilized and healthy ecological,cultural system.


Abstract This article seeks to explore the relationship between generalist primary teachers in England and their mathematical subject knowledge. An analysis of interviews in which primary teachers talked about their experiences as learners of mathematics tells powerful stories about what it is to learn mathematics. The path to a loss of confidence and alienation from the subject is shown not to be a one-way street. However, the routes back to the subject are as varied as those that lead away from it. The story is told against a background of attempts to raise trainee teachers' subject knowledge in mathematics through the introduction of a National Curriculum for Teacher Training. It is suggested that, for individual teachers, the levels of emotional baggage which continue to be associated with mathematics make unproblematic calls for increasing levels of subject knowledge difficult to sustain.


The Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response is one of the most promising objective tests in audiology and in revealing brain dysfunction and neuro-audiologic findings. The main advantages of its clinical use are precision and objectivity in evaluating children. This study aimed to analyze the auditory evoked middle latency response in two patients with auditory processing disorder and relate objective and behavioral measures. This case study was conducted in 2 patients (P1 = 12 years, female, P2 = 17 years old, male), both with the absence of sensory abnormalities, neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Both were submitted to anamnesis, inspection of the external ear canal, hearing test and evaluation of Auditory Evoked Middle latency Response. There was a significant association between behavioral test and objectives results. In the interview, there were complaints about the difficulty in listening in a noisy environment, sound localization, inattention, and phonological changes in writing and speaking, as confirmed by evaluation of auditory processing and Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response. Changes were observed in the right decoding process hearing in both cases on the behavioral assessment of auditory processing; auditory evoked potential test middle latency shows that the right contralateral via response was deficient, confirming the difficulties of the patients in the assignment of meaning in acoustic information in a competitive sound condition at right, in both cases. In these cases it was shown the association between the results, but there is a need for further studies with larger sample population to confirm the data.


In recent years, datasets represented in multi-view contain more information because different views describe different aspects. In fact, the structure of the dataset is embedded in a union of certain low-dimensional subspaces. Therefore, multiview subspace learning is a powerful technology to find the underlying structure and cluster data points correctly. Actually, the information contained in different views is different. Furthermore, the original data may be noisy. However, most existing multi-view subspace clustering methods treat each view equally and learn the self-expressiveness coefficient matrix of each view on the original data, which would decrease clustering performance. To solve the above problems, we propose a new method which learns a latent representation in an adaptive way. Meanwhile, the local geometrical structure is maintained on the latent representation by graph regularization. At the same time, a basic subspace clustering method is performed on the latent representation to get self-expressiveness coefficient matrix. We formulate the above problems into a unified optimization framework. Experimental results on several real-world datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


A method and device of sending Buffer Status Reports (BSRs) are provided herein. The method includes: determining the type priority sequence of BSR by a user terminal, and selecting and processing one BSR based on the type priority. A user device is also provided. In the process of implementing the provided method and device, the terminal may select and process one BSR when the sum of the BSR qualified for triggering the sending and the BSR marked as pending is greater than one. The provided method and device may reduce resource waste because there is no situation that at least two BSRs sending processes are triggered at one time and at least two BSRs are sent at one time.


AbstractThis study explores the development of eco-friendly burnt clay bricks incorporating recycled waste marble powder (WMP). Waste marble powder was collected from the local marble industry and ...


Excerpt Detection of the potential diabetic is a principal objective of clinicians and many investigators. The classical work of Fajans and Conn1-4and the investigations of West5-6have focused atte...


Chewable tablets of 96% ethanol extract of soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) are expected to cover the bitter taste of the extract. Chewable tablets also have to meet physical quality requirements, so to achieve this an appropriate filler is needed. In this study mannitol-sorbitol was used as a chewable tablet filler with a wet granulation method. The research objective was to determine the effect of the mannitol-sorbitol combination on the physical characteristics of the chewable tablets produced. Chewable tablets were made in 5 formulas with a ratio of mannitol: sorbitol fillers for F1 (1: 0), F2 (3: 1), F3 (1: 1), F4 (1: 3), F5 (0: 1). Granule evaluation includes flow time, angle of rest, compressibility, and tablet evaluation includes tests of hardness, brittleness, respondent taste. The evaluation results of granules and chewable tablets of all formulas met the requirements. The results of statistical analysis for the taste respondents showed that there was a significant relationship between the effect of the combination of mannitol: sorbitol on taste and texture but not on aroma and appearance.


EXTENDED ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method to construct offset surfaces and transport the parameterization of the original surface to the propagated surface. This method, based on the solution of the equation ∇φ · ∇φ = 1, derived from the Eikonal equation, comprises three essential steps : (1) construct an uniform Cartesian grid fully covering the domain of interest, consisting of discretized curves and surfaces; (2) solve the Eikonal equation using a modified fast sweeping numerical scheme on the Cartesian grid, and, (3) march in space from the original surface, starting from the discretized geometric front points, along the local normal direction, by iteratively solving a propagation equation, ~xt = ∇φ/|∇φ|, using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme. The most attractive feature of this technique is that it can exactly map the parameterization information from the original front to the offset front. This technique can be used to offset curves and surfaces, and to generate meshes in boundary layer areas. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method. Technical Topic or Category : CFD Student Paper Competition in Grid generation and geometry definition for complex configurations


This article deals with the necessity of education of employees and young people for the needs of Factories of the Future. People should be creating the core of enterprises and ICT should be only means for acceleration of enterprise's development. Below, the best practices are described for development of knowledge base of employees, students, postgraduate students and young scientific workers that are being trained for the needs of Slovak industry and for Factories of the Future.


Although challenges in Global Software Development (GSD) are now well known, companies are still looking for workable solutions to issues relating to poor communication, lack of control, low staff morale, and ambiguous requirements, all of which are prevalent in distributed development settings. Solutions offered are often difficult to implement, are disparate, and can be theoretical rather than practical. We conducted a case study with a GSD company, currently using a plan driven approach to development, and uncovered many GSD problems. We mapped each problem to solutions known to work in Agile development settings. Although work has been undertaken in Agile for GSD, we look to the literature to identify practices that specifically address challenges for organisations already engaged in GSD, who are open to moving from a plan-driven/waterfall development process to a more agile approach. Many challenges are addressed by Agile practices, for example requirements ambiguity, need for autonomy, or unpredictable customer expectations. We hypothesise that many GSD problems can be solved by organisations taking an agile approach to their development.


A queen was brought with swelling of left ear and diagnosed as haematoma. A sterile padding (thick cardboard) relative to size of haematoma was selected and padded with gauze and cotton to serve as auricular pillow and was applied at convex side and supported over head with adhesive tape. The bandage was changed on alternate days and antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs were advised for seven days. The cat had an uneventful recovery.


We propose first a generalization of the Density Functional Theory leading to single-particle equations of motion with a quasilocal mean-field operator containing a position-dependent effective mass and a spin-orbit potential. Ground-state properties of doubly magic nuclei are obtained within this framework using the Gogny D1S force and compared with the exact Hartree-Fock values. Next, extend the Density Functional Theory to include pairing correlations without formal violation of the particle-number condition. This theory, which is nonlocal, is simplified by a suitable quasilocal reduction. Some calculations to show the ability of this theory are presented.


By composite sheet of metal having a low emissivity coating with the inorganic coating at least one outer metallized moisture vapor permeable sheet can be formed, wherein said composite sheet moisture vapor transmission rate of the sheet is started moisture vapor transmission rate of at least about 80%.


Flood peaks and volumes have decreased in Daqinghe River Basin in recent years.To search for the effects of underlying surface on flood decrease,Zijingguan watershed in Daqinghe River Basin was selected as a study area,and the statistical analysis of the underlying surface change was done,including land use change and soil moisture storage capacity variation.The remote sensing land use data of 1980 and 2000 were used,and the main change is forest increase,but grassland and arable land decrease.We selected several large floods to evaluate soil moisture storage capacity,and it is 110 mm before 1980,whereas 120 mm after 1980.A hydrological model was established considering underlying surface according to the hydrologic characteristics in Daqinghe Basin,in order to quantify the effects of underlying surface on floods.This model considers different types of land use,and the runoff generation was calculated for each land use type.The infiltration excess and saturation excess runoff generation mechanism was used.Finally,it was calibrated and verified by the historical hydrological data,and the Nash coefficients are about 0.70.It means that this model is consistent with the fact,and it can be used to analyze flood response to underlying surface change in the Zijingguan watershed.We simulated several floods under scenarios of 1980 and 2000,respectively.The results showed that both flood peak and volume decreased as a result of underlying surface change,and the effects are small to large floods,about 5% decrease for 10 years return period.It is shown that transfer of land use types has minor effect on floods,and the increase of soil moisture storage capacity is the main cause of decrease of flood peaks and volumes.


Abstract Glucose minimal model parameters are commonly estimated by applying weighted nonlinear least squares separately to each subject's data. Because of the model's nonlinearity the parameter precision of the single-compartment minimal model is not always satisfactory, especially in presence of a reduced sampling schedule. In the current work, the use of population analysis through nonlinear mixed effects models is evaluated and its performance tested against the parameter estimates obtained by the standard individual approach through weighted nonlinear least squares.


In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of a nonlinear fully fuzzy implicit integro-differential equation arising in the field of fluid mechanics is investigated. First, an equivalency lemma is presented by which the problem understudy is converted to the two different forms of integral equation depending on the kind of differentiability of the solution. Then, the conditions required to guarantee the existence of a solution for the equivalent integral equation are investigated using the Schauder fixed point theorem in semilinear Banach space.


This paper presents a study on identifying the features related to the psoriasis lesion using wavelet as the main analyzing tool. Three major types of lesion are being analyzed in this study; plaque, erythroderma and guttate. In order to obtain the coefficients of the approximations and details sub-images, images of these lesions are transformed using two dimensional (2D) Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Daubechies D4 algorithm at first level by using MATLAB software.The results are compared with study done previously but by using Daubechies D8 and D12 wavelet technique.


We are interested in the design and evaluation of access control policies for virtual communities, in which an agent can be both a resource consumer as well as a resource provider, and authorization to access resources can be delegated to agents called authorities. We introduce a multiagent model that distinguishes the three roles of consumption, provision and authorization, and to evaluate the model we also introduce a deliberation model.


Despite the fact that the question of the influence of diphtheria toxin on the secretory function of the adrenal glands has been studied already for a few years, still the question that cannot be considered completely resolved, at which the least developed, undoubtedly seems to be a question adrenaline function of the adrenal glands, that is, on the function of predominantly pulp substance, which, according to the now most widespread view, is the place of adrenaline formation. As for the cortical substance, thanks to the pathological and histological studies of Bogomolets, Molchanov, Sinibaldi and others, at the present time it can be considered established that diphtheria intoxication at the most in the initial stages of it undoubtedly enhances the fatty tissue of fatty tissue and a fat-like substance, and only with a more severe or long-lasting intoxication in the adrenal glands, the phenomena of degeneration and oppression of the vital activity of cortical cells develop.


This text will analyse the determinants of the foreign policies of Russia and the European Union (EU) in order to present their mutual relations.1 It is centred on an attempt to give an overview of the relations between Russia and the EU following the crisis in Ukraine and the Russian annexation of Crimea. The text will first identify the basic theoretical starting points for interpretations of international politics and the essential determinants of Russia's and the EU's foreign policies. The second part of the text will discuss the legal basis for the relationship between Russia and the EU that is regulated by the 1994 Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and compare the energy politics of both sides. Finally, I will try to make a projection of the most important characteristics of future relations between Russia and the EU.


This work investigates the effect of uncertainty over a property's flood zone status and the probability of a transaction for residential property during a given marketing period. While the impact on property price from flood zone delineation is well documented, the effect of any uncertainty over the location of property with respect to the 100-year flood pool on the probability of a transaction has yet to be determined. Findings suggest that uncertainty of flood zone status leads to a statistically lower probability of transaction, ceteris paribus. These results have implications for property sellers, real estate professionals, and government regulators.


The importance of water in our various communities and the difficulties faced so far to get good and clean water for both domestic consumption and industrial purposes can never be overemphasized. For these purposes to be accomplished, it is necessary to survey the area of study to know more about the geology of the area, which is characterized by the Lokoja Formation, Patti Formation, and Agbaja Ironstone and the possible reasons why there is a lack of water in the area. The geoelectric survey was conducted at Karaworo with the objective of determining the sedimentary formation's geoelectrical features and analyzing the potential of the groundwater in the study area. The most frequently used type of array for Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is the Schlumberger array, which needs a lot of space at both ends to yield deeper subsurface information. The Schlumberger configuration was used for data acquisition. About fifteen (15) VES points were acquired at different locations within the study area. For the different VES positions, the maximum AB/2 is within 100m to 180m. Partial curve matching was used to determine the layer parameters as part of the quantitative interpretation of the VES curves. The IP2WIN software was used in the final data analysis. The depth sounding interpretation revealed subsurface layers which comprises of topsoil/clay with a resistivity range between 1.42 ohm-m to 81.0ohm-m and a thickness of 0.253 m to 70.4 m, lateritic clay with a resistivity range between 01.06ohm-m to 1730 ohm-m and a thickness of 0.236 m to 19.2 m, siltstone with resistivity range between 0.423 ohm-m to 5069 ohm-m and a thickness of 4.09 m to 28 m and sandstone with resistivity range between 0.664 ohm-m to 137 ohm-m with the thickness at infinity. Sandstone constituted the aquiferous zone. In conclusion, different types of curves which include HA-type, H-type, KH-type, QH-type and HAK-type characterize the area and hence it is suggested that boreholes be placed in low resistivity zones and considerable depth and thickness as revealed in VES 4 and VES 8 but those with low resistivity without considerable depth, for example, VES 2, VES 5, VES 6, VES 7, etc. can be developed into a hand dug well.


Large studies have reported high dislocation rates (7 to 24%) following revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), particularly when the revision is undertaken in the presence of pre-existing instability. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiographic outcome of 155 consecutive revision THA9s that had been performed using an unconstrained dual-mobility acetabular implant. It features a mobile polyethylene liner articulating with both the prosthesis head and a metal acetabular cup, such that the liner acts as the femoral head in extreme positions. It can be implanted in either a press fit or cemented manner. Mean follow-up was 40 months (18–66) and average age 77 (42–89). Uncemented (n=122) and cemented (n=33) implants with a reinforcing cage, were used. Indications were aseptic loosening (n=113), recurrent instability (n=29), periprosthetic fracture (n=11) and sepsis (n=2). Three of the 155 cases (1.9%) dislocated within 6 weeks of surgery and were successfully managed with closed reduction. The 3 dislocations occurred in the groups revised for recurrent dislocation and periprosthetic fracture. There were no cases of recurrent dislocation and no revisions for implant failure. Despite a pantheon of options available, post-operative dislocation remains a challenge especially in patients with risk factors for instability. The use of large diameter heads is proven to improve stability but there are concerns regarding wear rates, metal toxicity and recurrent dislocation in the presence of abductor dysfunction. With constrained liners there are concerns regarding device failure and aseptic loosening due to implant overload. Our dislocation rates of 1.9% and survivorship to date compare favourably with alternative techniques and are also in line with studies from France using implants of a similar design. In our hands, where there are risk factors for dislocation, the use of a dual-mobility implant has been very effective at both restoring and maintaining stability in patients undergoing revision THA.


A new type of the educational software for chemistry based on automatedreasoning with chemical knowledge was successfully developed. This intelligent systemwith the unique style of the interactive functions and the open mode of the knowledgebase has shown not only its notable ability to solve chemical problems, to improve thereasoning performance of itself, but also its advantages to provide more opportunities forthe users to acquire living knowledge through the interactive ways.


This article identifies and analyzes operational risks for farmerspsila associations in Taiwan, revealing the relationship between risk and operational efficiency. Using the concept of risk management, this paper identifies five types of operational risk currently affecting farmerspsila associations: external environmental risk, financial risk, organizational risk, leadership and decision-making risk, and human resource risk. Subject evaluation shows that external environmental risks are the most common risks, but objective analysis indicates that financial risks are the most influential. Farmerpsilas associations in urban, rural, and mixed locations exhibit some differences in operational efficiency as they confront organizational risks and financial risks.


After Ontotheology: Reciprocal, Caring, Creative, and Right Relationships With the end of ontotheology we may realize, as Dewey did, that what sustains us is our caring relationships with physical nature, biological life, and other persons. My paper argues that relationships are ontologically basic and caring relations are morally basic. Right relationship binds us to the world and holds us together. We live by the grace of others. I conclude that after ontotheology, we must seek to form reciprocal, caring, and creative relationships.


We present a framework of heterogeneous yield curves of agents based on the pricing kernel approach in order to model LIBOR and basis swap rates. Each yield curve may imply different prices of assets but is consistent with swap rates, basis swap rates and foreign exchange rates. We show three conditions that gurantee the no-arbitrage and the consistency with these rate processes. The introduction of contributors and the Market Representative Agent ( gMRA h) leads to an explanation of a non-zero basis swap rate as a swap rate priced by one of the MRAs.


Plateau values of deep body temperature were diminished during work after intake of 1 1/2 1 water, they were increased after intake of 2–3 % sodium chloride solution and after dehydration in a sauna by 1 1/2 kg. The shifts in plateau values were related to plasma osmolarity, not to plasma volume. In rest and during work at low temperature (7° C), when there was virtually no sweating, the effect of plasma osmolarity on body temperature disappeared. The rate of increase in sweating at the start of work was faster than normal after intake of water and slower after intake of sodium chloride solution and dehydration. The mechanism by which the changes in temperature were brought about is the increase in sweating at the start of work. Plasma osmolartiy may cause these changes either by a peripheral effect on the sweat glands or a central effect on the thermoregulatory centres.


PI230, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by Frederick M. Fishel, describes the integrated pest management practices followed by growers of our food supply, how tolerances for pesticides in foods are determined by the EPA, and how annual testing of commodity samples for pesticides is conducted. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, June 2010.