The problem of finding the deflection of a loaded rectangular plate fixed at the edges has offered considerable analytical difficulty. A very ingenious method of approximation capable of application to many other boundary value problems tvas applied to this problem by Ritzt who stated that the usual method of combining particular solutions of the appropriate differential equation is known to fail. Presumably his reason for this statement was that the latter method leads to an infinite system of equations in infinitely many variables whose solution presents difficulty. In the present treatment the method of combining particular solutions is used and the unique solution of the resulting infinite system of equations for the determination of the coefficients is given. The deflection is expressed in a form that appears to be simpler and better adapted to the discussion of the elastic surface than that given by Ritz. In the case of a uniformly loaded plate to which the discussion of this paper is confined, the deflection is found to a high degree of approximation by retaining the first term of the infinite series in the expression of the solution. A treatment of the same subject, making use of particular solutions of the type used in this paper, was given, as I have recently discovered, by H. Hencky in a Darmstadt dissertation in 1913. He failed, however, to give an adequate discussion of the infinite system of equations to which he was led. In the present paper a fortunate choice of coefficients in the infinite series representing the deflection results in a much more tractable system of equations than Hencky's, the unknown coefficients decreasing much more rapidly in numerical value with increasing index. There results a very decided shortening of the numerical work. For example, Hencky finds for the first few coefficients in the case of a square plate


This article reports the findings of a compressive infrared sensing approach for arm gesture acquisition and recognition. The spatial-temporal changing motion information are intrinsical clues for determining the semantics of gesture, which can be considered as a sparse spatial distribution compared with the sensing region. We first built a database of dynamic arm gestures with writing Arabic numerals 0 - 9 in a constrained interaction region, and study its sparse property of spatial distribution. Then we design a pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor array with random visibility modulation for compressive gesture acquisition. The semantic recognition of gesture is executed directly on the sensors' low-dimensional sequence using vector quantization (VQ) technology. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensing method.


We give a rigorous mathematical definition of conflict, on the basis of which we formulate the mathematical theory of conflicts as a problem of the theory of cognitive control. Possible ways of influencing the conflicting parties on each other are considered and analyzed. The analysis carried out shows that the control of a conflict situation is fundamentally different from the control of technical objects. So, when controlling technical objects, it is usually possible to directly influence the reason that causes error (deviation) in the system. In a conflict situation, there is often no opportunity to directly influence the opposite side of the conflict. However, each of the conflicting parties has the ability to change its own parameters and, thereby, create a conflict for the opposite side, which is forced to change its parameters to those necessary for the opponent in order to resolve its own conflict. Within the framework of the developed theory, the conflict between the worker and the employer is considered, and this conflict is analyzed from the point of view of the cognitive control theory.


Weight Changes-In placebo-controlled fibromyalgia clinical trials, patients treated with Savella for up to 3 months experienced a mean weight loss of approximately 0.8 kg in both the Savella 100 mg/day and the Savella 200 mg/day treatment groups, compared with a mean weight loss of approximately 0.2 kg in placebo-treated patients. Genitourinary Adverse Reactions in Males-In the placebo-controlled fibromyalgia studies, the following treatment-emergent adverse reactions related to the genitourinary system were observed in at least 2% of male patients treated with Savella, and occurred at a rate greater than in placebo-treated male patients: dysuria, ejaculation disorder, erectile dysfunction, ejaculation failure, libido decreased, prostatitis, scrotal pain, testicular pain, testicular swelling, urinary hesitation, urinary retention, urethral pain, and urine flow decreased. Other Adverse Reactions Observed During Clinical Trials of Savella in Fibromyalgia-Following is a list of frequent (those occurring on one or more occasions in at least 1/100 patients) treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported from 1824 fibromyalgia patients treated with Savella for periods up to 68 weeks. The listing does not include those events already listed in Table 2, those events for which a drug cause was remote, those events which were so general as to be uninformative, and those events reported only once which did not have a substantial probability of being acutely life threatening. Adverse reactions are categorized by body system and listed in order of decreasing frequency. Adverse reactions of major clinical importance are described in the Warnings and Precautions section. Gastrointestinal Disorders – diarrhea, dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, flatulence, abdominal distension; General Disorders – fatigue, peripheral edema, irritability, pyrexia; Infections – urinary tract infection, cystitis; Injury, Poisoning, and Procedural Complications – contusion, fall; Investigations – weight decreased or increased; Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders – hypercholesterolemia; Nervous System Disorders – somnolence, dysgeusia; Psychiatric Disorders – depression, stress; Skin Disorders – night sweats Postmarketing Spontaneous Reports-The following additional adverse reactions have been identified from spontaneous reports of Savella received worldwide. These adverse reactions have been chosen for inclusion because of a combination of seriousness, frequency of reporting, or potential causal connection to Savella. However, because these adverse reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These events include: Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders – leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia; Cardiac Disorders – supraventricular tachycardia; Eye Disorders – accommodation disorder; Endocrine Disorders – hyperprolactinemia; Hepatobiliary Disorders – hepatitis; Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders – anorexia, hyponatremia; Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – rhabdomyolysis; Nervous System Disorders – convulsions (including grand mal), loss of consciousness, Parkinsonism; Psychiatric Disorders – delirium, hallucination; Renal and Urinary Disorders – acute renal failure, urinary retention; Reproductive System and Breast Disorders – galactorrhea; Skin Disorders – erythema multiforme, Stevens Johnson syndrome; Vascular Disorders – hypertensive crisis DRUG INTERACTIONS: Milnacipran undergoes minimal CYP450 related metabolism, with the majority of the dose excreted unchanged in urine (55%), and has a low binding to plasma proteins (13%). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that Savella is unlikely to be involved in clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions [see Pharmacokinetics in Special Populations]. Clinically Important Interactions with Other Drugs-Lithium: Serotonin syndrome may occur when lithium is co-administered with Savella and with other drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin [see Warnings and Precautions – Serotonin Syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)-Like Reactions]. Epinephrine and norepinephrine: Savella inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine. Therefore concomitant use of Savella with epinephrine and norepinephrine may be associated with paroxysmal hypertension and possible arrhythmia [see Warnings and Precautions – Effects on Blood Pressure and Effects on Heart Rate] Serotonergic Drugs: Coadministration of Savella with other inhibitors of serotonin re-uptake may result in hypertension and coronary artery vasoconstriction, through additive serotonergic effects [see Warnings and Precautions]. Digoxin: Use of Savella concomitantly with digoxin may be associated with potentiation of adverse hemodynamic effects. Postural hypotension and tachycardia have been reported in combination therapy with intravenously administered digoxin (1 mg). Co-administration of Savella and intravenous digoxin should be avoided [see Warnings and Precautions] Clonidine: Because Savella inhibits norepinephrine reuptake, co-administration with clonidine may inhibit clonidine's anti-hypertensive effect. Clomipramine: In a drug-drug interaction study, an increase in euphoria and postural hypotension was observed in patients who switched from clomipramine to Savella. CNS-active drugs: Given the primary CNS effects of Savella, caution should be used when it is taken in combination with other centrally acting drugs, including those with a similar mechanism of action. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): [see Contraindications]. USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS: Pregnancy-Pregnancy Category C. Milnacipran increased the incidence of dead fetuses in utero in rats at doses of 5 mg/kg/day (0.25 times the MRHD on a mg/m basis). Administration of milnacipran to mice and rabbits during the period of organogenesis did not result in embryotoxicity or teratogenicity at doses up to 125 mg/kg/day in mice (3 times the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] of 200 mg/day on a mg/m basis) and up to 60 mg/kg/day in rabbits (6 times the MRHD of 200 mg/day on a mg m basis). In rabbits, the incidence of the skeletal variation, extra single rib, was increased following administration of milnacipran at 15 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Savella should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Nonteratogenic Effects; Neonates exposed to dual reuptake inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors late in the third trimester have developed complications requiring prolonged hospitalization, respiratory support, and tube feeding. Such complications can arise immediately upon delivery. Reported clinical findings have included respiratory distress, cyanosis, apnea, seizures, temperature instability, feeding difficulty, vomiting, hypoglycemia, hypotonia, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, tremor, jitteriness, irritability, and constant crying. These features are consistent with either a direct toxic effect of these classes of drugs or, possibly, a drug discontinuation syndrome. It should be noted that, in some cases, the clinical picture is consistent with serotonin syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions]. In rats, a decrease in pup body weight and viability on postpartum day 4 were observed when milnacipran, at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.2 times the MRHD on a mg/m basis), was administered orally to rats during late gestation. The no-effect dose for maternal and offspring toxicity was 2.5 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.1 times the MRHD on a mg/m basis). Labor and Delivery-The effect of milnacipran on labor and delivery is unknown. The use of Savella during labor and delivery is not recommended. Nursing Mothers-There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in nursing mothers. It is not known if milnacipran is excreted in human milk. Studies in animals have shown that milnacipran or its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from milnacipran, a decision should be made whether to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. Because the safety of Savella in infants is not known, nursing while on Savella is not recommended. Pediatric Use-Safety and effectiveness of Savella in a fibromyalgia pediatric population below the age of 17 have not been established [see Box Warning and Warnings and Precautions]. The use of Savella is not recommended in pediatric patients. Geriatric Use-In controlled clinical studies of Savella, 402 patients were 60 years or older, and no overall differences in safety and efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients. In view of the predominant excretion of unchanged milnacipran via kidneys and the expected decrease in renal function with age renal function should be considered prior to use of Savella in the elderly [see Dosage and Administration]. SNRIs, SSRIs, and Savella, have been associated with cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients, who may be at greater risk for this adverse event [see Warnings and Precautions]. DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE: Controlled Substance Milnacipran is not a controlled substance. Abuse-Milnacipran did not produce behavioral signs indicative of abuse potential in animal or human studies. Dependence-Milnacipran produces physical dependence, as evidenced by the emergence of withdrawal symptoms following drug discontinuation, similar to other SNRIs and SSRIs. These withdrawal symptoms can be severe. Thus, Savella should be tapered and not abruptly discontinued after extended use [see Discontinuation of Treatment with Savella]. OVERDOSAGE: There is limited clinical experience with S


Mobile phones have become the ubiquitous and integral part of modern lives, providing human connectivity in a way never before witnessed. This gives us a unique opportunity to build an innovative platform for service delivery to the common citizens of India. Any service delivery platform must meet the benchmark of 4A's-namely Availability, Accessibility, Authenticity and Affordability. This paper attempts to bring forward the idea to build a robust service delivery platform using SMS gateway and the opportunities offered by the technologies and the challenges of implementation and operation and suggest its mitigation. This paper also discusses the unification of SMS with competing technologies like eMail/OBD/IVR/Missed-Call system to architect unified and innovative solutions for government and common citizens.


The utility model discloses a multi-functional parking radar mainly comprising a main unit, a sensor and a monitor. The sensor comprises a sensor of ultrasonic wave transmission and reception; the sensor also comprises a compass sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an altitude sensor, and a sensor for vehicle internal and external temperatures. The utility model has the advantages of that the device can enable the driver to learn about the surrounding situation of the vehicle at any time. The device in particular provides owners of vehicles who love traveling by driving with most all-rounded information; in addition, as an integrated product, the device can be used on vehicles of all grades and can be popularized for application; the device can also play the functions of monitoring obstacles when reversing the vehicle so as to effectively prevent the vehicles from bumping into the obstacles.


Pantoea agglomerans has been classically associated with cellulitis or synovitis secondary to penetrating trauma by vegetation. It is an infrequent cause of systemic infections. We describe the case of a 5-year-old girl with sickle cell disease with P. agglomerans bacteremia and review its potential causes.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The spread of COVID-19 across the globe develops psychological disturbance to the population. People are always trying to protect themselves from this pandemic through transmission mitigation behavioral (TMBs) practices. The understanding and practice of the exemplary coronavirus TMBs will help the population to fight the disease effectively and efficiently. This study draws the exemplary coronavirus TMBs among the Indian population and constructs a viable model to study these behaviors. METHODS: Data collected from 238 valid respondents through online were the sample of this study. TMB items were collected from the publications of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe. AMOS, SPSS, and Microsoft Excel were used for statistical calculations. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Bartlett's Test of sphericity and Keiser–Meyer Olkin (KMO) test, Cronbach's alpha, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Average Variance Extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR) were calculated for the analysis of data. RESULTS, INTERPRETATION, AND CONCLUSIONS: Based on the existing literature, three out of 14 TMB items was dropped, and CFA was run for the remaining 11 items. The result of CFA identified a 5-component structure. Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant at P


Three popes are not just any three. They are in order Eugenio Pacelli made and named Pius XII and destiny's the Prince of Power and here "the last Pope". Next the man made papabile out of due time, Angelo Roncalli made and named John XXIII, the Prince of Compassion and here the great gambler who lost all as events forstalled THE EVENT. Finally there is G. B. Montini made and named Paul VI, the Prince of Agony and here the first Un-pope. Connecting the three is the lifework of Augustin Cardinal Bea, German Jesuit, for a generation head of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, the great private confessor of all three. And then there is the author, erstwhile priest and Jesuit, but always the Irish prose-poet, interpreter of the cosmic design of the intertwining of secular and ecclesiastical events. It is not straight history for "history is by necessity interpretative. It always implies understanding and comprehension. An account of history is a statement of meaning, and not merely or principally an exact chronicling of events in a sequential pattern of autobiographical or partisan nature" (p. 46). The poet's prism is crystallized from four year's "working with Bea" (p. 17). It has to be an exercise of poetic license that on one page (p. 21) Bea is said to have spent the first forty-three years of his life in Germany, while on the very next he spends in turn three years in Holland, three more in Austria and part of a year in Rome before he is thirty-one or thirty-two. Some exact chronicling helps. What does it mean for him to say that Roncalli at one time was "professor of pathology at Rome" (p. 10) ? The index of a useful book facilitates reference to topics, names, subjects that count. This book's index is lopsided. It includes Archie Bunker, but omits many American cardinals at the Council (from Meyer of Chicago through Ritter of St. Louis to Spellman of New York); Alexei Adzhubei, but no percursor of the Council such as Henri du Lubac or Hans von Geusau or an American, perhaps John Courtney Murray, or even a former fellow Jesuit such as Karl Rahner. Martin's book is fascinating and frustrating for what it says and what it ignores or minimizes. Here are several instances: 1) The trickle that became and is a tide—with occasional eddies and backwaters to be sure—the influence of Maria Laach as deep generating source for the Liturgical Movement. 2) Not to reduce the importance of the Council's Declaration on the Jews (Bea's and the Council's "apogee" here according to Martin), but the great statement on religious liberty in the judgment of many was paramount. 3) My personal impressions were that the Cardinal was not the compartmentalized loner here portrayed. He coupled crucial personal leadership and timing with superb staffing. Beyond Martin's more of the structured or non-structured staffing shows. It seems cavalier to reduce so very much to a virtual "Great Man" theory of church and world history.


Further fieldwork at Sembiran, on Bali in the Indonesian archipelago, tells more about the eastern end of the exchange network running across southern Asia about 2000 years ago.


Abstract Azotobacter chroococcum strains E12, HT57 were genetically tagged with lac Z, gfp to study the colonization behaviour on wheat (Triticum aestivum) and cotton (Gossypium sp.) in soil under controlled conditions. 103 – 104 cfu g−1 soil of HT57 lac Z were found to colonize roots of both cotton and wheat crops whereas 1.7 × 104 – 7.2 × 104 cfu g−1 soil of E12 gfp was colonizing wheat roots and 1.6 × 104 – 9.3 × 104 cfu g−1 soil of E12 gfp colonized cotton roots respectively. Tagged strains colonized mostly on root tips compared to basal roots in both the crops.


Adsorption is the preferred technique for removal of toxic arsenous acid (As(OH)3) from groundwater. The method can be made more economically feasible by the use of magnetically recyclable adsorben...


The eucalyptus wood were pre-hydrolyzed using tannin solution of 0,0.562,1.124,1.686,2.248 and 2.810g/L as pre-hydrolysis medium under the conditions of liquid ratio 6∶1,190 ℃,holding time 60 min.The effect and mechanism of tannin on pre-hydrolysis were studied by investigating the changes of saccharides,lignin and other substances and groups in solid and liquid phase.The results showed that the yields of saccharides,acetyl group,lignin in the eucalyptus wood after hydrolysis were increased by tannin,and the increased yields were related with the tannin dosage.Tannin would protect oligosaccharide glycoside bond,and such protection effect was strengthened with the increasing tannin dosage.


On the basis of the Ising model, average concentrations of trapped free radicals condensed from a gas are obtained. The trapped free radical concentration is obtained as a function of various lattice configurations. Trapped free radical concentrations range from 16% for a one‐dimensional lattice to 6.5% for a face‐centered cubic lattice.


In second-language writing, learners need to coordinate a great number of linguistic and epistemic procedures and resources.  Learners' motivation and self-efficacy are influenced by many factors, among which teacher's feedback is particularly important. This study investigated the correlation between writing self-efficacy and motivation and feed up and feed forward. 56 Chinese students from one senior high school participated in questionnaires that were employed to collect the research data. The participants were asked to complete writing self-efficacy and motivation questionnaires as a pre-test and post-test after receiving feed up and feed forward over the course of four sessions. This study shows that teachers' feed up and feed forward considerably increased participants' writing motivation, but did not significantly affect their writing self-efficacy, according to the results of two scales and paired samples t-test comparisons. According to the study's conclusions, it is advised that teachers should recognize the complex relationship between feed up, feed forward and students' writing self-efficacy and motivation thus proposing some coping strategies.


Abstract A colorless toluene solution of benzo[1,2,3-kl:4,5,6-k′l′]dixanthene endoperoxide (BDXepo) 1 slowly changes to red BDX 2, by refluxing at 110°C in toluene. However, in the presence of HCl, 2 was formed more rapidly from 1 even at room temperature. A novel dosimetry system was proposed using 1 and acid generating materials such as chlorinated alkanes. A chloroform solution of 1 ([1] = 1.0 × 10−3 M) gave red color of 2 after irradiation with γ ray at 73 Gy.


In this paper, the current trends and the most recent advancements in the utilization of aerospace commu- nications for emergency rescue applications will be discussed, with a special focus on the integration of the aerospace seg- ment with terrestrial backbones and ad hoc terrestrial net- works for both data connections and assisted localization (information about position is essential in emergency relief).


A monolithic, three-dimensionally ordered macroporous/mesoporous carbon/tin (IV) oxide (3DOM/m C/SnO 2 ) nanocomposite was prepared and tested as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. A macro-/mesoporous glassy carbon (3DOM/m C) monolith was first synthesized from a triconstituent precursor, using a polymer colloidal crystal and a nonionic surfactant as the templates for macropores and mesopores, respectively. Tin (IV) oxide nanocrystals were then introduced into the mesopores of the carbon monolith via an infiltration-hydrolysis process while maintaining connections between macropores. The composite electrode exhibited superior reversible lithium capacity over a carbon/tin dioxide electrode without any designed mesostructure and also over similarly templated glassy carbon electrodes lacking the tin oxide component. The initial discharge capacity was 472 mAh g -1 and remained above 292 mAh g -1 for 100 cycles at 50 mA g -1 . The formation of stable solid-electrolyte interphase layers contributed to the good cycleability of 3DOM/m C/SnO 2 . The structural and morphological changes of the electrode after cycling were evaluated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by X-ray diffraction.


With the weak grid structure, single-line single-variable power supply, and high line failure rate in mountainous power grids, power quality problems such as low power supply reliability, long power outages, and low terminal voltages in mountainous areas have resulted. In addition, the coverage of mountainous power communication networks is severely insufficient. The existing communication model has difficulties in construction and reliance on operator networks. It is difficult to support new services such as the improvement of mountainous power supply service levels and distributed energy consumption. Therefore, this paper designs an integrated collaborative transmission system architecture and lightweight multi-mode fusion system for mountainous micro-grids, and studies the multimode heterogeneous communication of power line carrier and micro power wireless for reliable optical storage, small hydropower, and line end management. Adaptation of low-voltage, non-electrical area optical storage and other cellular power grids, as well as network discovery, channel switching, and load balancing that incorporate medium-voltage power line carriers, wireless public networks (4G, 5G), Lora, and satellite communication technologies Support of communication convergence and remote transmission services between power grids.


Seiberg-Witten monopole equations were defined on 4-dimensional Riemannian manifolds in 1994 by E. Witten (see [2]). These are a couple of non-linear partial differential equations on a 4-dimensional Riemannian manifold and give differential topological invariants for the underlying 4-manifold (see [3]). In recent years some generalizations of Seiberg-Witten equations to higher dimensionalmanifolds are studied by various authors (see [4–7]). The purpose of this article is to write down similar equations on R5.


We continue our research plan of developing the theory of small and locally small spaces, proposing this theory as a realisation of Grothendieck's idea of tame topology on the level of general topology. In this paper, we develop the theory of Heyting small spaces and prove a new version of Esakia Duality for such spaces. To do this, we notice that spectral spaces may be seen as sober small spaces with all smops compact and introduce the method of the standard spectralification. This helps to understand open continuous definable mappings between definable spaces over o-minimal structures.


We analyze the longterm properties of a C0-semigroup describing the solutions to a linear evo tion system that models a thermoelastic thin plate with memory effects in the heat flux law. reasonably general assumptions on the memory kernel, all single trajectories are shown to d zero. In spite of that, the semigroup is not exponentially stable.  2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


AbstractIslamic Boarding School are the institutons based education of islam that taught me all sorts of science of good formal and non formal. in Islamic boarding school also developed various fields namely the development of social, the development of academic, and development of skills. In addition there are lots of ways to increase creativity santri through Islamic work of art. Which were training calligraphy in Islamic boarding school the Al – Istiqomah II in Bendunganjati developing in the village, pacet sub-district, Mojokerto areas, which has only thirteen santri muqim. Lack of teaching staffs inversely proportional to their potential in Islamic boarding school the Al – Istiqomah II. Where santri high articulate their interest in the field of art. Need the training held calligraphy works of art as a condult to channel the santri. Interest and talent method that is done in training a work of Islamic art calligraphy is to observe the interest an talent ownwed partners through interviews, do the training method at regular intervals for lecture, real work carried out and the marketing method through the online and offline shop. Shop training through training this, calligraphy expected to improve creativity owned santri, increase liveliness santri whitin the realm of art visual aesthetic, can also increase productivity santri when calligraphy works of art can be sold as a receptacle for entrepreneur.Keywords: Creativity, Productivity, and Training of Islamic art.


This problem relates to a polarizing element or polarizing plate, wherein, in the organic electroluminescent display device capable of improving the contrast and color of the display can be improved. The substrate having a polarization function containing azo compound is controlled in such a way, the transmittance of the substrate monomer 45% to 60%, 440nm to 500nm average transmittance of a substrate 50 % or more, the substrate 2 is measured to obtain the average transmittance from 550nm to 650nm is 10% or less orthogonal to the absorption axis direction.


Decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD), being capable of beating PNS attack and being unconditionally secure, has become attractive recently. However, in many QKD systems, disturbances of transmission channel make the quantum bit error rate (QBER) increase, which limits both security distance and key bit rate of real-world decoy state QKD systems. We demonstrate the two-intensity decoy QKD with a one-way Faraday-Michelson phase modulation system, which is free of channel disturbance and keeps an interference fringe visibility (99%) long period, over a 120km single mode optical fibre in telecom (1550 nm) wavelength. This is the longest distance fibre decoy state QKD system based on the two-intensity protocol.


Gout is a chronic disease which is accompanied by a primary violation of the uric  acid (purine) metabolism, increased value of uric acid (hyperuricemia) in blood and urates' deposition in tissues (crystals of the sodium salt of the uric acid). The incidence of gout is increasing in recent years. Men suffer from this pathology in the USA in 0.84% cases, in the Western Europe from 0.1 to 2 % cases, and in persons over 55 years old is about 6 % ones. Prevalence of gouty arthritis in Ukraine is 64.7 per 100 000 of population.Objective: to clarify the morphological changes in the tissues joints and periarticular structures in patients with primary tophaceous gout course.Methods: morphological study of the surgical specimens taken during surgery for removal of gouty tophi and correction of deformations performed in 32 patients with chronic gout (31 men and 1 woman), aged from 39 to 78 years (mean age - 56,1 ± 3,5 years).Results: during the first 1-3 years of tophi form rarely. Just in case of severe pathological process their formation directly depends on value of uremia. With increasing of the disease structural and functional organization changes of the joint capsule progressed. Necrotic and destructive processes predominated. In severe cases of the clinical course of gout accompanied with high content of uric acid in blood serum, frequent (4-5 times a year) and continuous attacks of gout, which intakes 3 to 4 or more joints, bright distinct degenerative and necrotic changes not just in the joint capsule but also in paraarticular tissues, primarily joint cartilage and subchondral bone came out. They firstly characterized with activation of endochondral ossification or dystrophic and necrotic lesions of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone.Conclusions: gouty arthritis is one of the variants of chronic inflammation, which is determined by the deposition of urates of the uric acid into the joint capsule and characterized by active fibroblastic proliferation of cellular elements with the formation of fibrous connective tissue on early stages, and in cases of severe course it characterized by actively progressing degenerative and destructive lesions of all joint tissues leading to disability. The basis of the inflammatory cell infiltrate is combination of macrophages, lymphocytes, cellular elements of the connective tissue (fibroblasts) and giant cell formation. Defined by us pathomorphologic vicissitude of pathologic changes in the joint tissues allows to clarify the therapeutic approach to tophaceous gout. Direct dependence of the severity of pathological changes in the joint tissues on the severity of the clinical course of gout requires active prevention and reduction of the frequency of exacerbations of the pathologic process.


Galactosylkojic acid, in which the hydroxymethyl group of the kojic acid moiety is β-galactosylated, was synthesized by using a transgalactosidation reaction with an immobilized β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans. With 5% kojic acid and 20% lactose as the substrates, the yield with respect to the initial amount of kojic acid was around 24% as a maximum. The inhibitory effect of galactosylkojic acid towards the oxidation reaction of L-β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine (L-DOPA) with tyrosinase was similar to that of kojic acid.


The purpose of this study is to to generate a human body image in LR to a high-resolution (HR) image for enabling both a human and a computer system to conduct the identification process more accurately. As a result of experiments, we confirmed the efficiency of the proposed super-resolution method.


This diploma thesis deals with the dispersion combustion products after firing. Its aim was to detect and chart movement of combustion products with gun CZ 75, charge 9 mm Luger Sellier & Bellot. The thesis further clarify effects and traces emerged during the shot and it is mainly focused on the movement of combustion products after firing, which is then charted in detail in the practical part of this work. Mapping itself was conducted according the visible particles of dust intercepted in retention device. Spread of combustion products after firing was among other examined with another weapons such as CZ 75, Glock 19, Beretta 92 Billenium, Desert Eagle 50AE, ZVI - Kevin, Ruger - MK III Hunter and Smith & Wesson revolvers and Ruger 500 - GP 100


Post-flowering drought tolerance is referred to as the stay green trait in sorghum. Plants with stay green resist drought-induced premature plant senescence. In breeding programmes, stay green is evaluated under limited irrigation, post-flowering moisture-stress field conditions and visually scored at or soon after physiological grain maturity. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the stay green rating and total leaf chlorophyll content. The parents B35 and Tx7000, and their 98 F 7 recombinant inbred lines were evaluated in replicated field trials under limited (post-flowering stress) and full-irrigation (non-stress) conditions. After scoring the stay green trait of stressed plants, total leaf chlorophyll contents were measured with a chlorophyll meter (SPAD values) and a spectrophotometer method. The SPAD value had a significant linear relationship with total leaf chlorophyll (R 2 = 0.91) and with visual stay green rating (with R 2 = 0.82). Relative water content in top leaves of the stay green lines was about 81%, much higher than non-stay green lines (38%), indicating that the stay green lines kept the stalk transporting system functioning under severe drought conditions. The results indicate that visual stay green ratings were a reliable indicator of leaf senescence and should be useful to sorghum breeders in evaluating progeny when breeding for drought tolerance.


This article deals with the search for the optimal cross-sectional area of reinforcement of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements of an annular section using the Mathcad software package. The determination of the optimal cross-sectional area of the reinforcement is carried out using the implementation of algorithms for finding the minimum that meets the requirements of the strength and stability of reinforced concrete elements. An analysis of the obtained data is given by comparison with the problem solved in the Handbook to SP 63.13330. The developed programs make it possible to save the designer's time when choosing the reinforcement section and checking the strength and stability of reinforced concrete elements.


State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation,Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research,Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China(Dated: June 1, 2015)This paper is devoted to investigate cylindrical solutions in mimetic gravity. The explicit forms ofthe metric of this theory, namely mimetic-Kasner say is obtained. We have seen that the Kasner'sfamily of exact solutions needs to be reconsidered in this type of modified gravity. A no-go theoremis proposed for the exact solutions in the presence of a cosmological constant.


Aim. The objective of this study was to examine service utilization figures among a representative sample of demented patients and to determine whether sociodemographic and health‐related variables are associated with care utilization.


THE problem," says Dewey, "of restoring integration and cooperation between man's beliefs about the world in which he lives and his beliefs about the values and purposes that should direct his conduct is the deepest problem of modern life. It is the problem of any philosophy that is not isolated from that life."2 This problem has two correlative aspects: "the relation of physical science to the things of ordinary experience"3 and "the relation that exists between the beliefs about the nature of things due to natural science and beliefs about values."4


During the Borneo Geographic Expedition 2019 in Kadamaian area in Kota Belud, a survey on butterfly fauna was conducted for four days from 21st to 24th October, 2019. Three sites selected for the butterfly sampling were Site 1, Site 2 and Site 4. The methods applied were fruit and carrion baited traps, and aerial netting. A total of 56 individuals were sampled and belonged to 25 species from four families (Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae and Papilionidae). Nymphalidae was the dominant family with Ragadia makuta  recorded as the most abundant species. About 60% of the butterflies sampled in the area are forest species, while 40% of the overall species have narrow geographical distribution restricted to Sundaland. The butterfly fauna in Kadamaian area is comparable to other forest types in Sabah in terms of their diversity and species richness. The findings reflected the potential of Kadamaian area as a nature tourism site, and the area could also serve as a corridor for the conservation of flora and fauna as it is located adjacent to Kinabalu Park.


Because of the poor condition of most granulating wounds and the unpredictable and frequently unsatisfactory results of closed skin‐grafting, 160 open skin‐grafting operations were performed and studied in Egypt and Jordan in order to develop a reliable procedure for use in developing countries. A simple, economical, and successful open grafting method was established. The results are given together with the details of 4 illustrative cases. Important technical points are mentioned. The necessity of the application of open grafts on patients in developing countries is stressed and the advantages of the author's method are discussed.


The optimization of coagulant dosage in drinking water treatment has become an issue of particular concern for utility managers. We studied the shortage of the operational control methods. And this paper presents the application of ANN to model the prediction of coagulant dosage. The model is constructed based on the database of operating parameters and water quality. The structure and the parameters of the neural networks for engineering control are obtained through the optimization algorithm. The present model is building for the coagulant dosing system and filter system prediction and control. And this model realized in the Matlab environment. It is applied to the engineering operation and the field experiment. Results show that the BP networks model can predict the coagulant dosing rapidly and effectively. Compare with the ordinary methods, use this BP model can reduce the operational cost.


Aerospace and applied environments commonly expose pilots and astronauts to G-loading and vibration, alone and in combination, with well-known sensorimotor (Cohen, 1970) and performance consequences (Adelstein et al., 2008). Physiological variables such as heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR) have been shown to increase with G-loading (Yajima et al., 1994) and vibration (e.g. Guignard, 1965, 1985) alone. To examine the effects of G-loading and vibration, alone and in combination, we measured heart rate and breathing rate under aerospace-relevant conditions (G-loads of 1 Gx and 3.8 Gx; vibration of 0.5 gx at 8, 12, and 16 Hz).


Background: There has been a significant increase in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) exams performed. Appropriate use criteria (AUC) have been published to provide guidance in the use of MPI tes...


Objective:To investigate the relationship between different types of hypertensive syndromes and clinically laboratory examination as well as long period prognosis.Methods:4 81patients with hypertension in southern area of Fujian according to syndromes differ types were divided into the following four types:Ganhuo Shangyan Type (肝火上炎型 ) ,Ganshen Yinxu Type (肝肾阴虚型 ) ,Xinshen L iangxu Type(心肾两虚型 ) ,and Tanzhuo Neiyun Type (痰浊内蕴型 ) .The stages of hypertensive disease,the electrocardiogram,the changes in fudus and the urinating tim es atnightwere observed m eanwhile the healthy subjects withouthypertension who were matched with patients in sex,age,occupation,and area were selected as control.The follow up continued for 15 years in order to study the long period prognosis of different types of hypertension patients.Results:In Xinshen L iangxu Type of patients based on laboratory examination the damage of target organs showed much more serious.The m ain com plications and died couses of hypertension were stroke ( the morbidity rate in Xin- shen L iangxu type was the highest then in turn in Ganshen Yinxu Type,in Tanzhuo Neiyun Type,and in Gan- huo Shangyan Type) .Conclusions:Among patients with hypertension the Xinshen L iangxu Type is the most serious,its prognosis is worse,and should be the objects to prevent and treat as a focal point.


Abstract : In the past few years, mobile handheld devices have emerged as an exciting new tool for accomplishing everyday tasks. Devices with the Windows CE operating system provide flexibility for the designer in the form of customizable modules and components. With wireless capabilities and a familiar user interface, Windows CE devices are becoming popular for such tasks as inventory control and information retrieval. By enhancing the self-protection of the operating system, handheld devices could be used in more demanding environments. This thesis reviews the security redesign of operating systems and explores the applicability of such redesign to the Windows CE operating system. The existing security mechanisms in Windows CE are described, and the operating system itself is critically examined for security weaknesses, especially in the Input/Output subsystem area. Recommendations are made for improving the self-protection of Windows CE. Future work is suggested in two areas: analyzing other Windows CE subsystems in terms of security, and developing a method of authenticating a Windows CE device to a server.


The experiments described in this thesis relate to the recently emerging and rapidly growing field of spin electronics or spintronics. This area of study allies electronics and magnetism. It uses the spin of the electron to obtain new proporties or functions. These developments concern a new type of non-volatile memories. In contrast, conventional electronics is based on the use of an electric field to act on the charge of electrons. The electronic spin gives rise to the magnetism of solids, but also provides a means to influence the electrons by a magnetic field. Thus, in ferromagnetic (FM) materials, the motion of an electron depends on its spin orientation with respect to local magnetization. This gives rise to interesting new effects to the field of spintronics.
Spintronic effects occur on a length scale in which spin is conserved, called the spin diffusion length, which is of the order of a few nanometers. Another milestone in the spintronic was the observation of the tunnel magnetoresistance effect in magnetic tunnel junctions which have a thin layer of an insulating material sandwich between two FM materials. The dielectric reliability of the insulating layer is a major reliability concern in spintronic devices. Currently, the understanding of materials, physics, and reliability at the ano, or atomic, level is vital to the proper design and manufacturing of these devices.


The investigation of the phase behavior of substances has been a central subject in equilibrium thermodynamics due to the dramatic changes that take place in the macroscopic properties of substances during phase transitions [1]. Computer simulation has been an important tool to understand and predict the phase behavior of substances [2]. In most cases, computational studies can rely on classical simulations. However, when a substance undergoes a phase transition in a range of temperature and pressure in which the thermal energy is of the same order of that of the vibrational modes, quantum effects start playing a significant role in the phase behavior of the substance. In this work, we present an efficient method to determine phase diagrams of quantum systems through the dynamical integration of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation (d-CCI)[3]. The efficiency of the method stems from the fact that, starting from a single point at the coexistence boundary, one can calculate the entire coexistence curve using a single path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulation [4], whereas in other methods many equilibrium simulations are required. In order to check the efficiency and reliability of the methodology, we applied it to the calculation of the solid-liquid coexistence boundary of neon in the range of low temperature, near the triple-point. Our results, which were obtained using a small fraction of the computer time usually employed in this kind of simulations, show a very good agreement with the experimental data [5].


Considering that young children spend a great deal of time outside of school, there is a need to increase the expertise of adults when it comes to engaging young children with numerical activities. This study presents the Cognitive Affective Mathematics Adult Education framework used to design such a course for interested adults. Focusing on promoting young children's competency for comparing sets, we illustrate how the framework was used to design the course and how the framework was used to analyze the impact of the course on the relevant expertise of the participating adults. The findings indicated that the adults had gained knowledge in the various strategies one can use to compare sets, had become aware of the importance of evaluating those strategies, and had acquired the ability to take the children's ages and abilities into account when tailoring activities that engage them with set comparisons.


Using time-varying systematic risk model, the paper estimates risk in a number of stock markets in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, including Saudi, Kuwait, Dubai and Abu-Dhabi markets. The results in the paper indicate that Saudi market is the most perilous in the group, as it shows wider range of systematic risk. The paper also shows that the effect of S&P 500 is very minimal on GCC markets volatility, implying that internal factors are more important in the short term than external factors in volatility dynamics.


Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial (453 aa, ~49 kDa) is encoded by the human DLST gene. This protein plays a role in both the Krebs cycle and lysine catabolism.


The PSF Model of Soil Structure: A Multiscale Approach, E.M.A. Perrier and N.R.A. Bird Scaling and Multiscaling of Soil Pore Systems Determined by Image Analysis, A.M. Tarquis, D. Gimenez, A. Saa, M.C. Diaz, and J.M. Gasco Scaling and Estimating the Soil Water Characteristic Using a One-Parameter Model, R.D. Williams and L.R. Ahuja Diffusion Scaling in Low Connectivity Porous Media, R.P. Ewing and R. Horton Solute Transport in Porous Media: Scale Effects, L. Zhou and H.M. Selim A Pedotransfer Function for Predicting Solute Dispersivity: Model Testing and Upscaling, E. Perfect Upscaling of Hydraulic Properties of Heterogeneous Soils, J. Zhu and B.P. Mohanty Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture and Its Implications for Scaling, A.W. Western, R.B. Grayson, G. Bloeschl, and D.J. Wilson An Evaluation of Interpolation Methods for Local Estimation of Solute Concentration, T.R. Ellsworth, P.M. Reed, and R.J.M. Hudson Scale- and Location-Dependent Soil Hydraulic Properties in a Hummocky Landscape: A Wavelet Approach, B.C. Si Multiple Scale Conditional Simulation, P. Kumar Effects of Topography, Soil Properties and Mean Soil Moisture on the Spatial Distribution of Soil Moisture: A Stochastic Analysis, D.-H. Chang and S. Islam A Mix of Scales: Topography, Point Samples and Yield Maps, D.J. Timlin, Y.A. Pachepsky, and C.L. Walthall Evaluating Soil Data from Several Sources Using a Landscape Model, C.L.S. Morgan, J.M. Norman, C.C. Molling, K. McSweeney, and B. Lowery Application of a Neural Network-Based Spatial Disaggregation Scheme for Addressing Scaling of Soil Moisture, T.D. Tsegaye, W.L. Crosson, C.A. Laymon, M.P. Schamschula, and A.B. Johnson Scaling Soil Mechanical Properties to Predict Plant Responses, D.K. Cassel and E.C. Edwards Estimating Nitrate-N Losses at Different Spatial Scales in Agricultural Watersheds , D.J. Mulla, P.H. Gowda, A.S. Birr, and B.J. Dalzell Incorporation of Remote Sensing Data in an Upscaled Soil Water Model, M.S. Seyfried Hierarchical Frameworks for Multiscale Bridging in Hydropedology, H. Lin and S. Rathbun Scaling and Hierarchy of Models for Flow Processes in Unsaturated Fractured Rock, B. Faybishenko, G.S. Bodvarsson, J. Hinds, and P.A. Witherspoon Index


The effect o f random error on age reliability is investigated with respeet to the externaL deteetor method o f fission-track dating. Obtain#~g eonfidence Iimits to age is shown to be equivalent to obtaining confidence limits for products and ratios o f Poisson expectations. Attention is drawn to the relevant methodology for ealeulating exaet eonfidenee limits, and some simple approximations to these limits are suggested for use when the number o f traek eounts is large.


In this article we consider a stochastic game in which each player draws one or two random numbers between 0 and 1. Players can decide to stop after the first draw or to continue for a second draw. The decision is made without knowing the other players' numbers or whether the other players continue for a second draw. The object of the game is to have the highest total score without going over 1. In the article, we will characterize the optimal stopping rule for each player.


This paper studies closures of fractal sets observed in nonlinear dynamical systems excited stochastically by switched inputs. The Duffing oscillator and the forced dumped pendulum are analyzed as examples. The dynamics of the system is characterized by a fractal set in the phase space. We can numerically construct a closure that encloses the fractal set. Furthermore, it is shown that the closure is a limit cycle attractor of a dynamical system defined by the switching manifold.


Global installed capacity of renewable energy technologies is growing rapidly. The ability of renewable technologies to enable a rapid transition to a low carbon energy system is highly dependent on the energy that must be "consumed" during their life-cycle. This paper presents the results of meta-analyses of life-cycle assessments (LCA) of energy costs of three renewable technologies: solar photovoltaic (PV), concentrating solar power (CSP), and wind. The paper presents these findings as energetic analogies with financial cost parameters for assessing energy technologies: overnight capital cost, operating costs and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). The findings suggest that wind energy has the lowest energy costs, followed by CSP and then PV.


Devanny was a largely forgotten and disregarded figure in Australian political and literary history by the 1960s, but the newly revitalised feminist, race-conscious and postcolonial analyses of the 1970s allowed her work a new relevance. Devanny's first novels were written in Wellington in the 1920s, and some feature Maori men in relationships with white women. Her Queensland novels begin when she visited the North engaged in political support for the Weil's disease strike, out of which came Sugar Heaven (1936), and then Paradise Flow (1938)—both of which show white women choosing Migrant men (Italian and Jugoslav) over their white husbands—and after that, a planned cane industry trilogy, of which only the first volume, Cindie (1949), in which the white lady of the house has sex with a South Sea Islander indentured worker, would be published. The (also unpublished) "The Pearlers" offers a depiction of a white patriarch in simultaneous relationships with white and Indigenous women on Thursday Island, where she spent some time in 1948. Devanny moved to Townsville in 1950 to live; she published very little after that, although the already written Travels in North Queensland came out in 1951. The paper will consider how far Devanny can be viewed as working with an early style of 1990s "whiteness theory", and also how, in this regard, one might think about her depiction (often scanty) of Indigenous characters in her north Queensland fictions.


The apparatus (1) comprises an optical deflection element (56) provided with a wedge shaped dichroic mirror (62). The dichroic mirror contains the front and rear dichroic surfaces (63,64) which are arranged at an intermediate angle with respect to each other. Two laser beams (54,55) of different wavelengths are reflected at any one of the mirror surfaces so that the dichroic mirror ensures a spatial separation between the beam focal points (65) and emission beam bundles (59,60) triggered by laser beams. An independent claim is included for method for operating laser scanner apparatus.


To provide medical services to patients who have a terminal illness, recent hospital patients to monitor the state of the device attached to the body, the body insertion device is. U-Healthcare Environment and hospital officials indiscriminately exploited by the patient's vital information, however, could threaten the patient's life problems are appearing. In this paper, depending on the level of authority, hospital officials, Union of ID-based authentication model is proposed to use a patient's vital information. Union proposed model identify different authentication system is used in hospitals that exist in various forms in a number of ID information, health / medical information sharing between hospitals without exposure to unnecessary personal information, you can be assured of the anonymity. In particular, with easy access to patient information, hospital officials about the malicious act to protect patient information to access level for the rights granted by third parties to prevent easy access.


mtemore is the old version of the command mtebinary. mtemore was designed to produce results from Kowalski (NBER 22363, 2016), and mtebinary was designed to produce results from Kowalski (NBER 24647, 2018). mtemore estimates the marginal treatment effect (MTE) function using a binary instrument and a binary endogenous variable. The MTE is defined as the difference between the potential treated outcome and the potential untreated outcome for an individual for whom the net benefit of treatment equals the cost of treatment, i.e., an individual marginal to selecting into treatment.


The literature on aortic blood flow contains very little information about the minute details of actual movement of blood during the different phases of the heart cycle. Modern flow meter technique has made it possible to record the phasic changes in the aortic blood flow (SPENCER et coll., 1958; MARSHALL & SHEPHARD, 1959; F R A N K L I N et coll., 1959) . All flow meters, however, have a common disadvantage in that they can record the net flow only and cannot differentiate between two simultaneous streams in opposite directions. If the main flow in the aorta is directed from the heart but another flow exists simultaneously in the opposite direction, an electromagnetic or ultrasonic flow meter will record the net aortic flow as too low and will not be able to sense the flow in the retrograde direction.


Objective To evaluate the feasibility and reliability of monitoring visual function with visual evoked potential(VEP) during removal of lesions involving the visual pathway.Methods The clinical data of 31 patients with lesions involving the visual pathway were recorded VEP through the scalp(29 cases) or cortex(2 cases) with 2.1 Hz stimulation with flash diode during surgery after total intravenous anesthesia,to evaluate the relationship between VEP changes and changes in visual function after surgery,were analyzed retrospectively.Results 25 cases describe a clear and repeatable VEP waveform,VEP were abnormal or disappeared in 7 patients,visual acuity were decreased in 2,visual field defect in 6,8 of intraoperative VEP waveform became abnormal,changed surgical strategies in time to avoid further damage to the visual pathway,after 2 minutes waveform was becoming normal,after surgery only 1 patient had visual field defect.Conclusion VEP is a reliably way to provide real-time monitoring of visual function and help surgeons to make surgical decisions.


The future widescale deployment of broadband multiservice networks is dependent on an acceptable commercial relationship being achieved between new service revenues, operating cost savings and the network capital investment required. A new generation of broadband access networks is envisaged which is capable of both broadband and narrowband transmission, and can provide both broadcast and interactive services over a much larger coverage area than copper pair yet makes good use of existing copper pair infrastructure. To ensure that such networks emerge practically and are economically viable, requirements must be agreed and a wide market established. The aims of this paper are to draw attention to the benefits of networks with broadband and narrowband capability, to discuss the benefits of co- operation on requirements and to describe what has so far been achieved in the standards bodies.


v Acknowledgments v Introduction 1 Talking about 'capital': is it useful? 3 Case study I: Connecting young Koories to their community 6 Indigenous education: what works? 7 Bringing it all together: an urban Indigenous educational philosophy 8 Case study II: The Aboriginal and Islander Independent Community School and Kulkathil Community Skills Centre 10 A model for an Indigenous school and learning community 11 Quality educational programs and practitioners 11 A positive and culturally safe school environment 12 Being ready to learn 12 Extended learning 12 Parent and family participation 13 Life-long learning 13 Integration of services 13 Catering for basic needs 13 Access to health care 14 Childcare 14 Governance and leadership 14 Management 15 Conclusion 15 Note 16 References 17 Web sites accessed 18


Harmonic current endangers the electrical system and other systems.A good method of dealing with harmonic current is using the filter device.Passive power device is used widely because of its high power and low cost.Active power filter used for dynamic harmonic suppressing and compensation or reactive current can effectively improve power network quality.It is not used widely in the actual application because of its capacity.The adoption of hybrid active power filter can solve the problem.


This study investigates the phenomenon of rural banditry and conflict in Nigeria's northwestern region against the scenery of its rising incidence over the recent times. One of the greatest problems facing northwest-Nigeria today is banditry. Banditry is a various wicked problems that lead to destruction of life and properties, fear and intimidation, social regression, environmental demoralization, etc. The forms of violence seem to be the result of multiple cracks in the agricultural activities and social norms. The government of Nigeria seems to have lost effective control over the north-western Nigeria with regard to bandits who have become militarised and destructive in their operations. The study posits that the roots of these forms of violence and insecurity can be found in social, economic, and political factors. Thus, Virtue ethics is one of the groundwork prescriptions for the foundation of a virtuous society. It is against this background that this paper sets out to explore Al-Ghazzali's theory of virtue as an ethical theory to be as basis for challenging banditry confronting northwest-Nigeria of today. This research falls within the realm of ethical thought of Al-Ghazzali which is primarily theoretical in nature and it involve library –based research. The research applies qualitative approach. It uses conceptual analysis and prescriptive method. It is concluded here that this theory can help in the transformation of people mind and thus deter them from this pernicious ideology of banditry and conflict. Finally, the paper has some recommendations.


The subject of the inquiry is editions and versions of the text of the novel "The Black Council: The Chronicle of 1663" by Panteleimon Kulish. The objective of the study is to analyze a fragment of the original edition (released in 1846), that was not included in the final text (released in 1857), peculiar in that it contains materials to characterize the image of the Cossack. Analysis of this fragment in the interpretive and textual planes provides for a better understanding of the creative method of P. Kulish as the author of the "The Black Council". The methodology of the article comprises of a combination of source studies and comparative methods, which helps to solve the raised textual problems. In particular, the comparison of different editions reveals the effect of the "blind eye" when reading the final text: the omitted place correlates with the immediate context, and upon careful reading of the novel one could notice a possible omission, because its presence somewhat violates the logic of presentation. As a result, it has been revealed that the Russian-language equivalent of the fragment is contained in a magazine publication "Kyiv Pilgrims in the 17th Century" (1846). This text is a dialogue between hetman Yakym Somko, Cossack Kyrylo Tur, colonel-priest Ivan Shram and his friend Matvii Cherevan. V. Petrov's statement that the writer "builds his novel by wide concentric closed motivational circles", using the methods of refutations and oppositions, has been confirmed. In textual criticism terms, this fragment in the final version reveals the effect of the "blind eye" while reading the novel. Cherevan's remark (that only in the Sich everybody knows how to "live the right way") is in response to Tur's statement that the Cossacks are hardy drinkers and Tur's ignoring of Somko's accusations that the Cossacks sit up to their neck in vodka in the final text are less motivated than in the original version. Also, it is revealed that the source of Tur's statement is that the Sich Cossacks divide the spoils of war in three parts: to the needs of the church, to the military needs and Cossacks festivities and fun. The author used an allusion to the epic song [duma] about Samiilo Kishka. The analyzed fragment of the original edition is published for the first time, which determines the novelty of the study. The analysis of Kyrylo Tur's image in this fragment is promising in connection with the forthcoming comprehensive study of the topic, which will become possible after the publication of all draft texts of both versions of the novel in Complete Works by P. Kulish.


The haplochromine cichlid genus Labeotropheus is endemic to Lake Malaŵi, Africa. This genus presently contains two recognized species, Labeotropheus fuelleborni and L. trewavasae. As currently recognized, both species consist of geographically isolated populations scattered throughout the lake, each distinguished by a unique male nuptial color pattern. While other such allopatric populations of Lake Malaŵi cichlids have been described as different species, those of Labeotropheus have not, largely due to misunderstandings or misinterpretations of criteria applied to other Malaŵian endemics. Taking a refined approach to the recognition of putative species of Labeotropheus, I used morphometric, meristic, and color characteristics to describe two new, very similarly colored, species of Labeotropheus, both of which are found near Katale Island alongside the Luromo Peninsula in northwestern Lake Malaŵi.


This article comprehensively considers the multiple factors affecting safety navigation near water, makes an in-depth analysis of the relationship between various factors and their importance in safety navigation, divides the safety grades of navigation conditions, designs the factors' membership functions, and establishes a safety assessment model for navigation conditions near bridge waters through a comprehensive assessment method based on fuzzy mathematics theory. The model can provide a valuable reference for the bridge site selection and navigation argument and can make an efficient evaluation of the navigation conditions near existing bridges.


Organic/inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites are promising optoelectronic materials due to their unique structure, excellent properties, and fascinating potential applications in lighting, photovoltaic, etc. However, perovskite materials are very sensitive to moisture and polar solvent, which greatly hinders their practical applications. Here, highly luminescent perovskite–polystyrene composite beads with uniform morphology are prepared via a simple swelling–shrinking strategy. This process is carried out only in nonpolar toluene and hexane without the addition of any polar reagents. As a result, the as‐prepared composite beads not only retain high luminescence but also exhibit superior water‐resistant property. The composites emit strong luminescence after being immersed into water over nine months. Moreover, even in some harsh environments such as acid/alkali aqueous solution, phosphate buffer solution, and Dulbecco's modified eagle medium biological buffers, they still preserve high luminescence. The applications in light‐emitting diodes and cellular labeling agents are also carried out to demonstrate their ultrastability.


Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs) are involved in the His-to-Asp phosphotransfer signal transduction mechanism induced by cytokinins, a class of phytohormones in Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous studies have reported ARR mRNA accumulation in response to cytokinins. ARRs consist of 2 families (types A and B). The expression of type-A ARR genes can be induced by cytokinins, while that of type-B genes is constitutive. Recently, we have shown that plant growth induced by the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (4,4� -isopropylidenediphenol) was similar to that induced by cytokinins. The present study is the first to show that ARR (type-A family; ARR15 and ARR16) mRNA accumulation is influenced by bisphenol A, indicating that bisphenol A is involved in inducing intracellular signal transduction.


Objective To investigate the possible factors affecting the reaction time (RT) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods A total of 103 CAPD patients from a single center were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. RT in CAPD patients was measured by a standard method, and their clinical data were also collected. Data comparison between groups was performed using one-way ANOVA. Simple correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between RT and other factors in CAPD patients. Results RT was longer in CAPD patients than in healthy people. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (P =0.049), education level (P =0.008), handgrip strength (P =0.011) and history of cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular diseases (P =0.049) were the independent factors relating to RT values in CAPD patients (R2adj =0.326, P0.05). Conclusions RT is longer in CAPD patients than in healthy people. Age, education level, nutrition status, history of cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular diseases are the factors influencing RT value in CAPD patients. Therefore, lagged RT may have impact on rehabilitation in these patients.


The recent development of an electrochemical method of chloride removal (desalination) for the treatment of corrosion of reinforcing steel in chloride-contaminated concrete offers the prospect of an effective repair strategy for certain types of structure that have been exposed to chloride ingress from the environment. As with any novel remedial technique, however, it is necessary to examine potentially detrimental side-effects. This Paper presents preliminary results of an investigation into one such phenomenon, namely cathodically stimulated alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in the concrete interfacial zone adjacent to the embedded steel. It is shown that for concrete specimens containing potentially reactive siliceous aggregates in cementitious matrices of bulk alkalinity below the threshold levels required to induce expansive ASR, local expansion and cracking in the vicinity of steel cathodes may be caused by the application of current densities in the range 1–8 A/m2 for periods of 4–12 weeks and subsequen...


Due to time and cost-intensive quality assurance of LPBF an in-process monitoring is developed by data fusion of photodiodes, thermography and high–speed camera on three abstraction levels resulting in a defect detection of 86 %.


We describe a liner for Cu-Damascene multilevel ULSI interconnects, which satisfies all the important requirements for a high performance and reliable Cu interconnect technology. This liner is implemented in the first manufacturing process to produce and ship CMOS chips with Cu interconnects. The liner is a bilayer from a family of hcp/bcc-TaN followed by bcc-Ta (/spl alpha/-Ta), deposited sequentially in a single PVD chamber from a pure Ta target, using Ar and N/sub 2/ sputtering gases. This bilayer simultaneously maximizes adhesion to the interlevel dielectric and the Cu fill, and has very low in-plane resistivity (/spl sim/30-60 /spl mu//spl Omega/-cm, depending on TaN/Ta thicknesses). These qualities produce high-yield, highly reliable, and electromigration-redundant Cu interconnects.


Observations of young supernova remnants (SNRs) in X-rays and γ-rays have provided conclusive evidence for particle acceleration to at least TeV energies. Analysis of high-spatial-resolution X-ray maps of young SNRs has indicated that the particle acceleration process is accompanied by strong nonadiabatic amplification of magnetic fields. If Fermi acceleration is the mechanism producing the energetic cosmic rays (CRs), the amplified magnetic field must be turbulent, and CR-driven instabilities are among the most probable mechanisms for converting the shock ram pressure into magnetic turbulence. The development and evolution of strong magnetic turbulence in collisionless plasmas forming SNR shells are complicated phenomena which include the amplification of magnetic modes, anisotropic mode transformations at shocks, as well as the nonlinear physics of turbulent cascades. Polarized X-ray synchrotron radiation from ultrarelativistic electrons accelerated in the SNR shock is produced in a thin layer immediately behind the shock and is not subject to the Faraday depolarization effect. These factors open up possibilities to study some properties of magnetic turbulence, and here we present polarized X-ray synchrotron maps of SNR shells assuming different models of magnetic turbulence cascades. It is shown that different models of anisotropic turbulence can be distinguished by measuring the predominant polarization angle direction. We discuss the detection of these features in Tycho's SNR with the coming generation of X-ray polarimeters such as the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer.


We show that the characteristic time for sickled blood to traverse 100 µm-diameter glass capillaries can be used as the foundation for a useful point-of-care diagnosis for sickle cell disease. 3.2 cm long capillaries were inserted into a 5 µL drop of blood, and 1/4 µL was spontaneously drawn into the tube. The rate at which the blood traversed the capillary was significantly changed by deoxygenation only for sickle genotypes, a consequence of the increased viscosity of cells containing sickle fibers. Under these conditions, we find deoxygenation causes the time for sickle blood to traverse the capillary to increase to about 3 times its original value, in contrast to normal blood, where the times are equivalent regardless of state of oxygenation. This corresponds to readily-observed time differences of around 10 s for capillary traversal. Such changes are present for blood from homozygous sickle cell patients, as well as heterozygous patients with hemoglobin AS, SC, and Sβ+ thalassemia. Moreover, we demonstrate that this test is sensitive to sickling therapies that increase the production of fetal Hb. This viscosity-based measurement thus offers the prospect of an assay that is 10 times faster than any current test of which we are aware, at costs that rival the least expensive of any current assays.


A method of filling up congenital fistulae of the neck by quick hardening polymers, immediately before the operation, is presented. Two cases are reported.


The metasurface concept is employed to planarize retroflectors by stacking two metasurfaces with separation that is two orders larger than the wavelength. Here, a retroreflective metasurface using subwavelength‐thick reconfigurable C‐shaped resonators (RCRs) is reported, which reduces the overall thickness from the previous record of 590 λ0 down to only 0.2 λ0. The geometry of RCRs could be in situ controlled to realize equal amplitude and phase modulation onto transverse magnetic (TM)‐polarized and transverse electric (TE)‐polarized incidences. With the phase gradient being engineered, an in‐plane momentum could be imparted to the incident wave, guaranteeing the spin state of the retro‐reflected wave identical to that of the incident light. Such spin‐locked metasurface is natively adaptive toward different incident angles to realize retroreflection by mechanically altering the geometry of RCRs. As a proof of concept, an ultrathin retroreflective metasurface is validated at 15 GHz, under various illumination angles at 10°, 12°, 15°, and 20°. Such adaptive spin‐locked metasurface could find promising applications in spin‐based optical devices, communication systems, remote sensing, RCS enhancement, and so on.


For the detection of the cystic fibrosis protein (CFP) in serum of cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers, thin‐layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing proved inappropriate as diagnostic test, but was useful for screening fractions on purification of CFP by chromatofocusing on a Mono P column. On sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis an Mr 12 000 protein (P 12) was found in most CFP‐positive sera, indicating good correlation between these two CF‐associated proteins. Detection of the P 12 protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was well reproducible and less delicate than IEF. The technique was also used to purify P 12 from serum by two successive preparative electrophoresis steps in a 7.5–15 % gradient and 15 % homogeneous gel. The use of silver staining revealed that P 12 which was present in all sera of CF patients and carriers with variable intensities, was also present in trace amounts in normal sera.


Recently, researchers found that low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in black Americans, compared with white Americans, reflected lower levels of vitamin D binding protein; bioavailable (free) 25(OH)D levels actually were similar in the two groups (NEJM JW Gen Med Dec …


Two synthetic routes were employed for the preparation of iron(III) haloalkoxides in the presence of titanium(IV). Three crystalline products (A, B and C) were isolated and characterised by chemical and physical techniques including X-ray diffractometry, Mossbauer and EPR spectroscopies and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. Products B and C are common to both synthetic routes. Product A is a mononuclear iron(II) complex, trans-[FeCl2(HOPri)4], probably produced by the oxidation of propan-2-ol by FeCl3 in the reaction medium. B is the ionic, mixed-metal [Ti3(μ3-OPri)2(μ-OPri)3(OPri)6][FeCl4], while C is a high-yield oxo-haloalkoxide, [Fe5(μ5-O)(μ-OPri)8Cl5]. Magnetic moment measurements in [2H8]-tetrahydrofuran solution from 323 to 173 K indicate that C contains antiferromagnetically coupled iron(III) centres with intermediate (S = 3/2) spin configuration. C is polymorphic in the solid state, crystallising in the monoclinic or the tetragonal systems as non- and mono-solvate species, respectively. The highly (Lewis) acidic character of iron(III), together with its oxophilic character, probably determined the formation of B and C instead of the targeted mixed-metal [FeIIICl(2 − x){Ti2(OPri)(9 + x)}], x = 0 or 1. The possibility of formation of heteronuclear alkoxides containing both iron(III) and titanium(IV) is re-assessed in the light of the results obtained in this work.


Objective
To explore the effects of fisting activity in preventing upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) associated with peripheral inserted central catheter (PICC) in elderly patients.

Methods
A total of 150 patients with PICC in the Geriatric Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into intervention group and control group according the random number table, with 75 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine PICC nursing, including psychological care, health education, physical exercise (wrist swing, elbow flexion and extension) and so on. While on the basis of the routine PICC nursing, fisting activity was applied in the intervention group. The average blood flow velocity of the armpit vein, the peak of blood flow velocity and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis were compared between the two groups on the 1st, 3rd, 15th and 30th day after the catheterization.

Results
The mean velocity of the armpit vein and the peak velocity of the armpit on 3rd, 15th and 30th day in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (F=4.336, 5.127; P<0.05) . The incidence of UEDVT in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (F=6.637, P=0.001) . The incidences of grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ UEDVT in the control group were higher than those in the intervention group, and the differences were statistically significant (Z=237.3, P<0.001) .

Conclusions
The fisting activity is a simple and effective exercise for elderly patients with PICC catheter, which can be easily accepted by the patients, so as to promote the rehabilitation of patients and improve the quality of life.

Key words:
Aged; Patients; Peripheral inserted central catheter; Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis; Fisting activity


A lesion to the right lateral geniculate nucleus should cause a complete left monocular hemianopia. We present a case of a patient with left eye monocular temporal hemianopia with two MRIs demonstrating an ischemic defect at the right lateral geniculate body as the likely culprit. Patient improved after 4 days.


The authors reported and discussed the clinical and immunological features of 80 children registered as sufferers of common variable immunodeficiency to the All Japan Immunodeficiency Registry up to April 16, 1986.12.3% of the patients reported some cases suspected of common variable immunodeficiency in their family members.Mean age of the diagnosis of the patients was 65.0±49.0 months old. Mean age of the 60 survivors at the time of registration was 112.1±66.4 months old, and mean age of death of the 19 expired patients was 76.3±84.4 months old.Respiratory tract infection was the most common initial symptom among the patients, and 92.5% of the all patients reported susceptibility to infection. Pneumonia (55.0%), otitis media (37.4%), pyodermia (30.0%), gastroenteritis (17.5%) and sepsis (10.0%) were common infection among the reported patients.Eczema (15.0%) and bronchial asthma (8.8%) were occasionally seen and there were two cases with rheumatoid arthritis, one with SLE and one with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. One patient was suffered from B cell type malignant lymphoma.48 of all 80 patients were also reported the levels of serum immunoglobulins, and 87.5% of the patients showed significantly low levels of IgG for their age. Among these patients with hypo-IgG-emia, 43.8% also showed significantly low levels of both IgA and IgM and 29.2% also showed significantly low levels of IgA. 54.2% of 24 patients with hypo-IgG-emia were reported to have decreased numbers of B cells in the peripheral blood.Replacement of IgG with human serum imunoglobulin preparations was reported to be the most common effective therapy applied to these patients with common variable immunodeficiency.


Heat transfer in porous medium is one of the classical areas of research that has been active for many decades. The heat transfer in porous medium is generally studied by using numerical methods such as finite element method; finite difference method etc. that solves coupled partial differential equations by converting them into simpler forms. The current work utilizes an alternate method known as artificial neural network that mimics the learning characteristics of neurons. The heat transfer in porous medium fixed in a cone is predicted using backpropagation neural network. The artificial neural network is able to predict this behavior quite accurately.Heat transfer in porous medium is one of the classical areas of research that has been active for many decades. The heat transfer in porous medium is generally studied by using numerical methods such as finite element method; finite difference method etc. that solves coupled partial differential equations by converting them into simpler forms. The current work utilizes an alternate method known as artificial neural network that mimics the learning characteristics of neurons. The heat transfer in porous medium fixed in a cone is predicted using backpropagation neural network. The artificial neural network is able to predict this behavior quite accurately.


Several industry, home, or automotive applications need 3D or at least range data of the observed environment to operate. Such applications are, e.g., driver assistance systems, home care systems, or 3D sensing and measurement for industrial production. State-of-the-art range sensors are laser range finders or laser scanners (LIDAR, light detection and ranging), time-of-flight (TOF) cameras, and ultrasonic sound sensors. All of them are embedded, which means that the sensors operate independently and have an integrated processing unit. This is advantageous because the processing power in the mentioned applications is limited and they are computationally intensive anyway. Another benefits of embedded systems are a low power consumption and a small form factor. Furthermore, embedded systems are full customizable by the developer and can be adapted to the specific application in an optimal way. A promising alternative to the mentioned sensors is stereo vision. Classic stereo vision uses a stereo camera setup, which is built up of two cameras (stereo camera head), mounted in parallel and separated by the baseline. It captures a synchronized stereo pair consisting of the left camera's image and the right camera's image. The main challenge of stereo vision is the reconstruction of 3D information of a scene captured from two different points of view. Each visible scene point is projected on the image planes of the cameras. Pixels which represent the same scene points on different image planes correspond to each other. These correspondences can then be used to determine the three dimensional position of the projected scene point in a defined coordinate system. In more detail, the horizontal displacement, called the disparity, is inverse proportional to the scene point's depth. With this information and the camera's intrinsic parameters (principal point and focal length), the 3D position can be reconstructed. Fig. 1 shows a typical stereo camera setup. The projections of scene point P are pl and pr. Once the correspondences are found, the disparity is calculated with


Purpose: This study evaluated the accuracy of humeral component alignment in total elbow arthroplasty. An image-based navigated approach was compared against a conventional non-navigated technique. We hypothesized that an image-based navigation system would improve humeral component positioning, with navigational errors less than or approaching 2.0mm and 2.0°. Method: Eleven cadaveric distal humeri were imaged using a CT scanner, from which 3D surface models were reconstructed. Non-navigated humeral component implantation was based on a visual estimation of the flexion-extension (FE) axis on the medial and lateral aspects of the distal humerus, followed by standard instrumentation and positioning of a commercial prosthesis by an experienced surgeon. Positioning was based on the estimated FE axis and surgeon judgment. The stem length was reduced by 75% to evaluate the navigation system independent of implant design constraints. For navigated alignment, the implant was aligned with the FE axis of the CT surface model, which was registered to landmarks of the physical humerus using the iterative closest point algorithm. Navigated implant positioning was based on aligning a 3D computer model calibrated to the implant with a 3D model registered to the distal humerus. Each alignment technique was repeated for a bone loss scenario where distal landmarks were not available for FE axis identification. Results: Implant alignment error was significantly lower using navigation (P Conclusion: Image-based navigation improved the accuracy of humeral component placement to less than 2.0 mm and 2.0°. Further, outliers in implant positioning were reduced using image-based navigation, particularly in the presence of bone loss. Implant malalignment may well increase the likelihood of early implant wear, instability and loosening. It is likely that improved implant positioning will lead to fewer implant related complications and greater prosthesis longevity.


Simple Summary Vine weevil remains one of the most economically important insect pests of soft-fruit and ornamental crops globally. Growers currently lack effective monitoring systems to determine presence of vine weevil within crops, meaning that controls are often applied too late to prevent economic losses. Development of improved monitoring systems is currently hindered by a lack of knowledge of whether vine weevil adults select a monitoring tool based on its visual appearance. This study used paper cups as refuges to investigate the importance of colour, shape and position of entrances on monitoring tool efficacy. Results indicate that dark, tall refuges with entrances around their base were preferentially entered by adult vine weevil. This information provides the first steps towards developing improved designs for vine weevil monitoring tools. Abstract Vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an economically important insect pest of horticultural crops. To identify an effective and reliable monitoring system for adult vine weevil, this study investigated the influence of colour, height and entrance position on the efficacy of a model monitoring tool using modified paper cups as refuges. Vine weevil preferences were determined by the number of individuals recorded within a refuge. When provided with a binary choice between black or white refuges, vine weevil adults showed a preference for black refuges. Vine weevils provided with a range of coloured refuges (blue, green, red and yellow) in addition to black and white refuges showed a preference for black and blue over the other colours and white refuges in group choice experiments. Refuge height and entrance position also influenced vine weevil behaviour with individuals exhibiting a preference for taller refuges and those with entrance openings around the refuge base. These results provide insights into refuge selection by adult vine weevils, which can be exploited to improve monitoring tool design. The importance of developing an effective monitoring tool for vine weevil adults as part of an integrated pest management programme is discussed.


For decades, the role of campaigns in both individual vote choice and electoral outcomes has been deemed minimal, if existent at all. Central to this belief are well-established forecasting models that successfully predict election outcomes using only a few "fundamental" variables that are assessed months prior to the start of a campaign. Recently, there has been a renewed effort among political communication scholars to explore the role of the information environments upon which elections occur. But less research has focused on how differences in the information environments between elections differentially influence how people ultimately come to a vote choice. This paper is a beginning effort in a larger project to add to this growing body of research by focusing on how the vote criteria people use varies when the informational context in which an election occurs varies, in this case, between low- and high-information elections. I specifically focus on the Senate and House races from the 2010 midterm elections in Pennsylvania.


The control of exit-air temperature of an Air Heat Plant (AHP) is an important aspect of the drying process. A Neuro Fuzzy Control (NFC) scheme is devised in this paper for the control of exit-air temperature. Open-loop studies are first carried out on the experimental set-up of AHP and the AHP is modelled as a first-order system with dead-time. A conventional feed back controller, namely a PID controller design gives an oscillatory controlled output with overshoot. Knowledge of the optimum PID controller design, is used to develop the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). In this paper, scale mapping is carried out using the triangular membership function with the help of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The Back Propagation Algorithm (BPA) with a momentum factor is used for training. The trained ANN models are used in the NFC to transfer both the fuzzy input variables into the corresponding universe of discourse. For the three control strategies, namely PID, FLC and NFC schemes, the qualitative performance indices are evaluated. A comparison of the results of these strategies reveals that the NFC performs better. The NFC design. has good set-point tracking and therefore can be used for effective temperature regulation of an AHP.


Photoluminescence (PL) is a convenient contactless method to characterize semiconductors. Its use for room-temperature silicon characterization has only recently been implemented. We have developed the relevant theory and compared it with experimental data initially for bulk Si wafers and then extended it to moderately doped epitaxial layers on heavily doped substrates. Our theory predicts the PL behavior as a function of epilayer and substrate doping densities making it possible to provide epilayer properties such as doping densities, minority carrier diffusion length, and surface recombination velocity.


The 5th generation of mobile communications, currently being rolled out, aims to improve network performance and efficiency over the older generations. With mmWaves, densified cell deployment is necessary for 5G networks, increasing capacity and improving network coverage. This imposes a considerable increase in the energy consumption of the 5G stations, which not only increases operating expenses for operators but also burdens the environment. Optimizing the energy consumption of 5G networks would be necessary to curb the energy curve. In this context, this paper presents a new algorithm called Energy Consumption Optimization Algorithm (ECOA), which combines cell selection and standby techniques to optimize energy consumption while preserving network performance. A comparison is conducted between ECOA and standard cell selection modes to evaluate the performance of the conventional approach. Our algorithm exhibits good performance, particularly in high-density, high-load scenarios. For instance, in a site with 25 Pico base stations serving 500 users, our algorithm achieves an average throughput of 23 Mb/s per user while consuming 1750.75 W of energy. This represents a 2.44% increase in energy consumption compared to the optimal solution.


PCI is a standard of computer periphery interface with its characteristics of plug and play,easily expanding. This paper in-troduces the component architecture function explanation of PCI2003,and its applications in DAQ system for dieselmotor fuel injection .Many functions,such as receive displaying data, saving, printing and maintaining are expounded.


Abstract : The symposium focused on various aspects of process diagnostics and device processing. Diagnostic techniques which were considered fell into two classes: invasive and non invasive. Optical characterization techniques were the most widely applied characterization tools used in both materials and process monitoring. Techniques such as reflectance difference, ellipsometry, reflectance, absorption, light scattering, photoreflectance, Raman scattering and thermal wave modulated reflectance were shown to be powerful probes of various materials properties. The materials properties that were probed included surface stoichiometry and morphology, etch damage, Fermi level pinning position and thin film properties such as thickness, alloy content, and interfacial roughness. Real time diagnostics such as ellipsometry and reflectance difference were shown to be sensitive tools of materials properties during processing


The effects of several factors on the chlamydospores production of Trichoderma aureoviride T-33 during the fermentation were researched.Based on the results above, the orthogonal test was made to screen out the best prescription.The results showed that, the best single-factor conditions for the chlamydospores production of T.aureoviride T-33 were, liquid culture of oat powder, 30℃, pH4.0, 120r/min, 24 hours oscillate incubating as well as liquid culture volume of 80mL/bottle when the 250mL size triangle bottle was used.The result of orthogonal test showed that, the best prescription for temperature, pH and oscillating speed was 30℃, pH4.0 and 140r/min.3.37×10~ 7 spore/mL chlamydospores were obtained at this combined condition.


Set and reset characteristics are studied for unipolar and bipolar metal-oxide resistive-switching memory devices. We show a universal dependence of set-state resistance and reset current on the compliance current used during set, with negligible impact of metal-oxide composition and switching condition. An analytical Joule-heating model for universal reset is presented, predicting a weak dependence of reset temperature and voltage on diffusion and migration parameters in both unipolar- and bipolar-switching modes. Data for the reset voltage are shown for a wide range of unipolar and bipolar metal oxides, in support of our calculations.


Graphical A user interface (GUI), (a) and group definition module configured to receive a user input defined groups, (b) data reception unit that can receive a plurality of individual measurement input data indicating the state of the base body If, (c) and grouping module configured to generate a group of data allocated to one of the groups each individual measurement input data, which is configured to output (d) is grouped data output and a module. .The 2A


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to apply options to the pharmaceutical markets to solute the corruption and counterfeit drugs in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach - This article proposes a framework for using pharmaceutical options. The application of options to pharmaceuticals will enable a freer and more competitive pharmaceutical market, and assist medicine producers and hospitals using pharmaceutical options market to hedge price risk. Findings - The paper finds that it is possible, for example, to apply the theoretical framework to case studies in pharmaceutical markets. Research limitations/implications - The present study provides a starting-point for further research in the pharmaceutical markets sector. The environment of the existing pharmaceutical markets, the implementation of pharmaceutical options, and the potential benefit of such implementation are discussed in details. Originality/value - This framework has proven to be useful in improving the pharmaceutical markets of the medical industry.