The C language integrated development environment(IDE) with data accessing can help the programming beginners fast grasp the basic language grammars and the drawing functions of C language. It also helps C language to access relational data, no relational data and the cluster communication port(COM) data conveniently. The system has the characters such as window docking freely, the striking grammar, a rich control toolbox, the program templates and the guide code behind the scenes open. This IDE provides a platform for C language to develop various applications quickly and can help to reduce the cost of programmer cultivating. The construction and development of the system is based on the add-in theory. To develop the new language and the new compiler of this system is the key of the development and Visual parser++ plays a big role in it.


Abstract Elam et al. (1951) reported that growth responses in chicks were obtained by injection of penicillin which had been autoclaved in aqueous solution. They obtained no response when autoclaved penicillin was fed orally. Abraham et al. (1942 (1943) found that the hydrolysis of penicillin yields among other products, the amino acid, penicillamine. Fell and Stephenson (1953) indicated that penicillamine, a degradation product of penicillin, was effective in promoting growth when injected but not when administered orally. A growth response was obtained when penicillin was either injected or fed orally. The above findings supported the supposition that differences between responses obtained by oral feeding and by injection might be due to variations in stability of the products in the contents of organs of the digestive system, particularly the proventriculus and the duodenum; and the experiment reported herein was designed to study the effects of their contents on both penicillin and penicillamine.


SUMMARY The welfare of laying hens has been a subject of interest among consumers, breeders, and animal welfare organisations across the globe. Laying hens' behaviour is an important indicator of their welfare and provides feedback on how they perceive their housing environment. A relationship is believed to exist between serotonin levels and other coordinating axes of the brain such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which regulates various types of behaviour, and this provides the opportunity to achieve specific targeted modulatory interventions. Despite increasing interest in the use of feed additives in poultry production, there are inconsistencies in their application to promote positive behaviour in laying hens because of several factors, including age, sex, housing system, and genotype of the hens. This mini review expounds on the use of various feed additives such as phytogenic substances, probiotics, essential oils, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, as well as dietary fibre additives for promoting positive behaviour and overall welfare of laying hens. Feed additives have previously been used extensively for their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-fungal properties in poultry production, but their potential for promoting positive behaviour in laying hens through physical, physiological, anxiolytic, anti-depressive, and neuromodulatory activities was reviewed in this article.


It is hard to detect small surface defects on ceramic tiles during process of visual detection which includes computer vision. This paper proposes new method that includes digital holography to amplify efect of small defects which leads to more efficient detection. To evaluate this new method of defect detection we have conduct experiment both with ceramic tiles with artifficialy made defects and with ceramic tiles with defects coused by manufacturing process. Detection of defects is made by extractions of texture properites from images of ceramic tiles after the effect of amplifying by digital holography. To evaluate properties of ceramic tiles we use well known methods like second order statistical coeficients as well as lokal binary operators.


We consider the action of the group of local unitary transformations, U(m) x U(n), on the set of (mixed) states W of the bipartite m x n quantum system. We prove that the generic U(m) x U(n)--orbits in W have dimension m^2+n^2-2. This problem was mentioned (and left open) by Kus and Zyczkowski in their paper Geometry of entangled states. The proof can be extended to the case of arbitrary finite-dimensional multipartite quantum systems.


The invention relates to an intelligent control system for an ultra-large type torque standard machine and a method. Field signals including a force sensor signal, a displacement sensor signal, an angle encoder signal and a limit switch signal are sent to a Q-series controller system through I/O junction boxes and hard wires of systems, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a motion controller in the Q-series controller system are communicated through a PLC high-speed system bus substrate, the motion controller is communicated with a servo controller of an actuating mechanism through the SSCNET III optical network, and the PLC is communicated with a human-computer interface and a touch screen through serial RS-485. System control modes comprise a manual adjustment mode, a single-point testing mode and a standard range mode, the priority of the manual adjustment mode is the highest, the priority of the standard range mode is the lowest, an enabling function is judged by combining the manual operation and signal detection, and misoperation is prevented. The intelligent control system can perform functions comprising device operation state monitoring, system protection, safety operation and the like.


The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is an important strategy for building a modern economic system. In the 19th National Congress of the Party, the 10-word policy of " prosperous industries, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and affluent living" was proposed for the rural revitalization strategy. It is enough to reflect the importance the state attaches to the construction of new rural areas. Among them, industrial prosperity is the primary task, which is the core of the rural revitalization strategy. Under the background of the country's vigorous promotion of rural revitalization, various professional resources for local higher vocational colleges have also emerged, providing vocational professionals with good entrepreneurial platforms. This article will start from the vocational Stomatology specialty and discuss how to train the Stomatology professional innovative and entrepreneurial talents.


INTRODUCTION The response of warm-blooded animals to cooling consists of a synthesis of many reactions of the manifold functions of their numerous organs, but after all, these varigated actions may be summarized in two categories-one being the chemical processes for increasing the heat production, to make up the loss of heat, and the other the physical regulation processes for minimizing the loss of heat. Of these two kinds of processes, the latter is more effective, for the prevention itself serves in reducing the heat loss and, besides, if this prevention of heat loss is effective, the increase of heat production under stress of cooling can by that much be kept down, to keep the body temperature at an adequate level. The premature infant is obviously under disadvantage from the point of view of physical regulation, on account of its relatively large surface area, the thinness of the subcutaneous fat and inadequate swcating.1) In animals, the existence of the so-called chemical regulation, the metabolism in the liver and other entrails, has been demonstrated by experiments of Heroux et a1.2' Mordhorst3) and Day et aL4) observed in premature infants older than one week an increased metabolic rate in response to a decrease in environmental temperature. But the existence of such chemical heat control to any perceptible extent has not yet been proved in premature infants, especially in their neonatal period. Generally speaking, enhancement of the


A method for artificially generating the output characteristic of a solar photovoltaic power generation module, and a solar photovoltaic power generation simulator power-supply apparatus having that output characteristic with the internal power loss reduced.There are included an IV storing means for storing, as IV curves, the voltage/current characteristics of solar photovoltaic power generations; an IV reading means; and means for generating an IV characteristic as an output target value of automatic control. A designated particular IV curve is read from among the stored IV curves to generate a control signal for holding V associated with I on this curve. This control signal is supplied to a semiconductor switching element, which controls the power, thereby artificially generating a solar photovoltaic power generation output characteristic. The solar photovoltaic power generation simulator power-supply apparatus comprises a control signal circuit that controls the power so as to maintain the output at the voltage associated with the current on the designated IV curve; and a power conversion main circuit from which series resistors have been eliminated. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


In the present study the phenotype and function of lymphocytes from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) were studied. Five out of 12 patients had abnormally low proportion of CD4+ T cells, but PBMC of these patients were capable of proliferating in response to polyclonal T‐cell mitogens or PPD antigen. The phenotype of patients' B cells, as determined by expression of CD10, CD19 and CD34, was comparable to that of healthy controls. IL‐4 and anti‐CD40 MoAbs induced moderate B‐cell differentiation in PBMC derived from patients with CVI, but the frequencies of Ig‐secreting cells were generally at levels spontaneously observed in healthy controls. IL‐10 was completely ineffective in inducing IgG‐secreting cells in cultures of PBMC derived from patients with CVI even in the presence of anti‐CD40 MoAbs, whereas high frequencies of Ig‐secreting cells were induced under similar condition in cultures of PBMC derived from healthy controls. Importantly, when IL‐4 was added to cultures stimulated with anti‐CD40 MoAbs and IL‐10, a very strong synergistic effect on the numbers of Ig‐secreting cells and the levels of Ig secretion was observed in PBMC from both patients and controls. Moreover, the frequencies of Ig‐secreting cells after activation with anti‐CD40 MoAbs, IL‐4 plus IL‐10 in PBMC from some patients were comparable to those observed in PBMC from healthy controls. Taken together, these results indicate that B cells from patients with CVI have impaired capacity to differentiate into Ig‐secreting cells in response to IL‐10 and anti‐CD40 MoAbs, and that this unresponsiveness can be restored by exogenous IL‐4 in a proportion of the patients.


This article uses the multinomial modeling technique (Batchelder 1998) to decompose the brand-switching matrix of the RLZ model and produces conditional probabilities for alternative decision outcomes (Rust, Lemon, and Zeithaml 2004; Rust, Lemon, and Narayandas 2005). It then links the probabilities with Bayes' theorem and creates a new customer growth function on consumer choice (i.e., the customer retention rate). The growth function offers novel insights on customer growth from behavioral choice modeling perspective comparing to mainstream time-based adoption models (Bass 1969, 2004; Gupta, Lehmann, and Stuart 2004). These insights include three predictions that are corroborated with a peak analysis. The market share (k) of a brand determines the shape of the growth function. For small and medium brands, the relationship between customer growth and consumer choice follows an inverted-U curve. The peak of the growth curve may not exist if the market share of the brand is too large.


The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential volatility of Turkey in result of internal transformation processes in the country and its "overstretch" with engagements abroad, especially the military operation on Syrian territory. Under the rule of President Erdogan Turkey began to play a more assertive role regionally. It positions itself not as a peripheral, Western-satellite state, but rather as a pivotal state with its own proper weight. In terms of methodology the paper employs case studies, comparative and critical analysis of economic and financial data from primary and secondary sources. The first part presents a political overview and assessment of Turkey's foreign policy behavior and power claims. The second part focuses on Turkey's economic problems and volatility prospects.


Introduction: Domestic violence, now a national health concern, has pervasive effects at both individual and social levels. The objective of this study was to survey the prevalence of DV, the characteristics and the impact of the violence among married women living in the slum communities of metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out. A total of 580 married women aged 15 years and above were randomly sampled from seven slum communities in Bangkok. Information on age, education, occupation, income, family size, alcohol use, and experience of DV were collected. Results: The prevalence of DV was 27.2%. Most of the violent episodes were triggered either by factors related to personal characteristic of the couples, such as bad temper (89.9%) and being grumpy (83.5%), or circumstantial factors, such as financial problems (74.7%) and suspicion of adultery (28.5%). Twelve per cent of the abuse episodes were moderate violence, and 34.2% was severe violence. The impacts of victims of violence included mental, family, and social problems. The mental impacts, e.g., anxiety, stress and nervousness were found in 79.1%. Others were sad, unhappy, and depressed at 68.4%. Of those, 50.3% could not control their emotion, got angry easily, and threw things. Other important mental episodes were that they wanted to harm others or revenge at 19% and injured themselves or committed suicide at 17.1%. The last was negative attitude about sex at 12.2%. Conclusion: DV is common in slum communities and highly related to socioeconomic status, personality characteristics, and alcohol consumption of the couples.


The heuristic method of teaching helps to bring effectively students' initiatives and activeness into full play and stimulate their exploring ability.So,as for the majors of musical education,the heuristic method should be used in the course teaching of chorus and conducting so as to develop in the practical teaching.


If you hear the echo of heavy rhythmic beats as you go on your way, it is because there is a party in a nearby village and the tupan is at work. Since the 15th century, the tupan has been a part of...


Early modern diplomacy was never a princely and aristocratic province alone. Republics also sent and received diplomats or participated in peace conferences. Whereas this sort of republican diplomacy was basically accepted at the princely courts, Free Imperial Cities such as Bremen and Cologne faced significant difficulties when trying to gain recognition. Nonetheless, there were continuous efforts by the imperial cities to play their part in early modern diplomacy, not least because of the prestige that could be earned by participating in this sphere and its rituals. For them foreign relations were always a ritual process: ceremonial interaction was at its centre, since princely recognition of ceremonial receptions or urban emissaries conferred political and social acceptance of the imperial cities' status. Ceremonial interaction between princes and cities often involved a reciprocal exchange of capital: of economic capital paid back as symbolic capital, as gestures of social recognition which were recorded in detail in the urban books of ceremony. Writing was therefore crucial for the symbolic dimensions of urban diplomacy. The imperial cities' ceremony books were meant to be filled with reports about ceremony which were regarded as a gain of symbolic capital materialized in writing.


We compared sediment quality in estuaries at three locations along the coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil, using geochemical analyses and whole sediment toxicity tests, performed during the southern winter and summer of 2013. Each locality is afforded a different degree of legal protection, and shows a distinct level of pollution: overall, Rio Diana (RD, most polluted, Permanent Protection Area) > Rio Itapanhau (RI, intermediate contamination, Environmental Protection Area) > Rio Picinguaba (RP, pristine, State Park). Chronic sediment toxicity tests were performed by evaluating reproductive rates of the copepod Nitokra sp. RI sediments exhibited the highest metal concentrations and toxicity in both seasons. Metal concentrations for RD were low but toxic in summer. RP sediments were not contaminated, suggesting effective legal protection from pollution at this locality. RI and RD, although afforded mild legal protection, showed clear signs of environmental degradation, emphasizing the need for more effective pollution control.


Abstract Secondary homotopy groups supplement the structure of classical homotopy groups. They yield a 2-functor on the groupoid-enriched category of pointed spaces compatible with fiber sequences, suspensions and loop spaces. They also yield algebraic models of (n - 1)-connected (n + 1)-types for n ≥ 0. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 18D05, 55Q25, 55S45.


Objective To determine the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for staging of lung cancer. Methods The study was retrospective, a total of 52 patients underwent EBUSTBNA for known or suspected lung cancer. All patients were detected enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on CT scan ( ≥ 1.0cm). Results Of the 52 patients, 41 patients were found with N2 or N3 disease on EBUS-TBNA. 11 patients with negative EBUS-TBNA underwent thoracoscopy or thoracotomy for pulmonary resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection, 9 patients were confirmed N0 by pathology, whereas 2 patients had metastatic lymph node. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA for the mediastinal staging of lung cancer were 95.3%, 100%, 96.2%, 100%, and 81.8%, respectively. The procedure was uneventful, and there were no postoperative complications. Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is an effective and safe technique for mediastinal staging in lung cancer patients.

Key words:
Bronchi; Endosonography; Biopsy,needle; Lung neoplasms; Neoplasm staging


Preventive maintenance (PM) of machines and equipment plays the critical role in a factory or an organization. It can decrease the number of failures, increase reliability, and minimize total costs of production systems. The duty of maintenance section managers is to prioritize machines and then, implement PM programs for them. Since machines have different measures with respect to the maintenance costs, reliability, mean time between failures (MTBF), availability of spare parts, etc., the machines evaluation problem can be considered as a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Accordingly, the MCDM techniques can be applied to solve them. This paper is aimed at extending a version of the ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité (ELECTRE III) method to interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) where curved membership functions (MFs) are applied. The extended ELECTRE III methodology is then utilized to a maintenance group MCDM (GMCDM) matrix including the quantitative (QNC) and qualitative criteria (QLC). In the proposed approach, the criteria weights, the assessment of alternatives with respect to criteria, and the thresholds are stated with Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy sets (GIT2FSs). In order to show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach, a case study and an illustrative example are exhibited using real decisionmaking problems. Due to the high correlation coefficients among our method and the others, it can be considered as a valid and reliable approach to prioritize machines for PM.


Longer lead time to setup new equipment for production versus time to react for spike demand, need a fast approach to squeeze existing equipment for more output. This paper presents the success story of the throughput gain for physical wafer deposition (PVD) tool by fixing the hidden capacity loss of the equipment for 200mm Al deposition process through Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). PVD cluster equipment group has been forecasted to be number one bottleneck equipment due to new product mixed change and increase in volume. The capacity element for PVD equipment was setup based on its historical performance and performs accordingly. The new requirement needed additional 10 percent outputs and currently is not enough. The team has taken the challenges to beat the baseline data by listing down processes that limited the equipment output. The effort are being done through combination of field work observation studies, benchmarking PVD process with other FAB and vendors, re-generating OEE waterfall chart analysis process and further integration of equipment interfaces to understand equipment workflow. The root causes was later found that Ti (Titanium) pasting is one of the main contributors besides inefficiency of Work in progress (WIP) management, and lack of manpower allocation to handle high WIP. Improvement implementations have been made in the area of optimizing Ti pasting process with other equipment events, increasing systems flexibility, sequencing right WIP and adding dispatching procedure with real time dispatch (RTD) are the major events that successfully increased the equipment output and meet the company goal.


Objective In order to provide the basis to guide the use of antibiotics and experience medication in clinical,we analysised the resistance characteristics and distribution of the current two common Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and K.peumoniae in hospital.Methods The samples of inpatients and outpatients of this hospital of Changsha form the year 2007 to 2008.The samples were collected,cultivated and isolated following the rules strictly for the operation rules strictly.The Gram-Negative Bacillus in the samples were indentified to specie by ATB system,then the antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by antimicrobial susceptibility testing system.The ESBLs producing stains were detected by ESBL screen test and confirme test recommended by NCCLS in 2006.Date analysis was done by WHONET 5.4 softeware and rate comparation was compute with χ2-test.Results A total of 416 strains of the two species were isolated,including 291 strains of E.coli and 125 strains of k.peumoniae.Most of them were isolated from respiratory department and urological department.The resistence rate of E.coli of cefalotine cefotaxime cefuroxime cefoxitine ceftazidime and cefepime was 61.8、56.7%、59.1%、19.2%、12.4% and 34.4%.The resistence rate of K.pneumoniae of cefalotine cefotaxime cefuroxime cefoxitine ceftazidime and cefepime was 63.2%、36.8%、60.8%、36.8%、25.6%、12% and 15.2%.The ESBLs producing rate of E.coli and K.pneumonia was 55.3% and 54.4%. The resistance rate to antibiotics of Piperacillin,Cefotaxime,Cefepime,Gentamycin,Amikacin of ESBLs producing strains were significant higher than that of non ESBLs producing strains(P0.01).Conclution A high rate of ESBLs producing stains was detected,including 54.4% of E.coli and 55.4% of K.pneumonia.The E.coli and K.pneumonia were the mainly ESBLs producing microorganisms.The resisitance rate to antibiotics of ESBLs producing strains were significant higher than that of non ESBLs producing stains.In treating infections caused by ESBLs producing strains,you would better not to choose Penicillins、Cephalosporins and Aztreonam,Imipenem may be the first choice.


In the 21 century, scientists worked in biomedical research areas face a tremendous transformation from genome to proteome. Proteomics is a bridge crossing genome to drug discovery. Proteomics studies will provide potential targets for therapeutic usage and moreover increase the efficiency of the downstream drug discovery process. Pharmacoproteomics should be defined as the discovery and validation of all possible targets and all potential compounds to these targets. In clinical studies, it should be involved in determining the specific proteins as therapeutics and diagnostic markers, subtyping patients on the basis of protein analysis. In this article, the proteome technology and research progress in targets and drug discovery were reviewed.


In his description of the excellent city (Kitāb al-siyāsat al-madaniyah and 'Ārā ahl al-madīnah al-fāḍilah), al-Fārābī mentions those citizens who are not philosophers, but rather the opponents of the principles of their community. To these groups, of which several are enumerated al-Fārābī refers either as "the rest" (al-Bāqūn), or, "al-Nawābit". It is this group, and in particular this name, that is intriguing, for although on the face of it it carries no politico-religious significance at all, some conclusions that touch upon these fields may be drawn by scrutinizing it. I would like to show that al-Fārābī abstracted the private name of the Nawābit and gave it the meaning of "opposition". In order to do this I will analyze his use of the name along the following lines: first a short survey of the lexical usage of the root nbt; then I will show that the Nawābit were regarded by al-Fārābī as oppositional; then that they belong to the excellent cities; that their description entails all areas of political activity; that al-Fārābī was aware of the meaning of the name; that he used it in an abstract manner and the reasons for his choosing this particular name for "opposition". Secondly I will show the earlier use of the name by a real historical group, and finally its later use by Ibn Bājjah


This book contains two parts: Ada: An Introduction by Henry Ledgard (131 pp.), and the November 1980 version of the Ada Language Reference Manual (225 pp.). (The review deals only with Ledgard's Introduction.) The intent of the Introduction is to "...emphasize the concepts that form the foundation of the language, rather than attempt to describe the entire language or to provide a self-contained guide for writing programs. Our objective is to convey the essence of the language, mainly through examples." [Preface]


Background: No data were available about the relationship between pharmaceutical therapy-related quality of life of patients and types of physicians. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the pharmaceutical therapy-related quality of life of patients treated by staff and resident physicians. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey and was conducted in three public university hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand, between July 2014 and March 2015. A convenience sample of 1,156 outpatients aged 18 years or over who were continuously taking any medicines to treat a chronic disease for at least three months was included. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure of Pharmaceutical Therapy for Quality of Life (PROMPT-QoL) questionnaire was used to measure the pharmaceutical therapy-related quality of life. The PROMPT-QoL had 42 items including eight domains. The associations between type of physicians and PROMPT-QoL item, domain, and total scores were tested by multiple linear regressions which included three confounders including, age, disease groups, and the number of medicines per day. An effect size was calculated employing the difference in mean scores divided by pooled standard deviations. Results: The patients treated by staff physicians (n = 644) had four significantly higher domains scores and total score than those treated by resident physicians (n = 512). The four domains included receiving medicine and disease information from healthcare providers, satisfaction with medicine effectiveness, therapeutic relationship with healthcare providers, and overall quality of life. However, the effect sizes to detect differences in PROMPTQoL scores between the two groups were small. Conclusion: Resident physicians may have more training on medicine therapy or pharmaceutical care provision to improve this patient-reported outcome.


Due to the room placement system at the hostel that is less efficient and takes a long time process makes this web based system is developed. The purpose of this system is to make process more easy and also saving time and energy. This web base Student Room Placement at College system is developed using the unified Modeling Language(UML) methodology.The model that is used is the iterative and incremental Model. Hopefully that this project can help the hostel management in processing student's application form. It is also hope that student's can use the system's facilities wisely.


Today one of the most pressing problems is word-processing models development that orients on semantic interpretation. It should be noted that there are many problems in the semantic interpretation of textual information, due to the complexity of the natural language and the lack of suitable and adequate models for its interpretation. We propose formal concepts and procedures that allow us to do text processing with the use of mathematical operations. It is proposed word scale of the sentences, hierarchical structure of segments of the scale for sentence representation. Partition of the word scale and procedure of its producing, combinatorial output cardinality marks are illustrated.


We study the quasilinear Schrodinger equation of the form , . Under appropriate assumptions on and , existence results of nontrivial solutions and high energy solutions are obtained by the dual-perturbation method.


of domestic but also foreign scientists and economists. Based on the results of the analysis, it is found that they do not only contradict each other, but also closely complement each other. Analysis of the essence of the concept of «debts receivable» makes it possible to determine that the process of debts receivable management is an integral part of the overall management system of the enterprise, as well as to identify its main components. The most expected consequences of the development and implementation of the effective system of management of debts receivable of the entity should be the following: ensuring the successful and smooth operation of the entity; reduction of the so-called «free current assets»; increasing the speed of working capital; increasing the level of the company's liquid assets and, accordingly, stabilizing its financial condition. The important stage of the study is to identify the main factors that contribute to the emergence of debts receivable at domestic enterprises, including: delays in processing primary accounting documents and frequent use of inconvenient, especially for enterprises, forms of payment. For better understanding of the nature and significance of the research problem, we analyze the state and trends of debts receivable on the example of domestic food companies. Negative trends in debt receivable are confirmed by the results of calculations. To increase the level of efficiency of debts receivable management at domestic enterprises and their activities in general, we have proposed the model of receivables management. The proposed model consists of three stages (formation of an authorized commission for debts receivable management; management of debts receivable; management of debts receivable collection), for each of which the sequence and features of the conduct are described in detail.


A recent New South Wales audit has highlighted the need for electricians to maintain the quality and safety of their solar installations. Dimi Kyriakou talks to the industry about some of the most common problems that are surfacing in the solar arena.


Response to the historiographical work of Benjamin Vicuna Mackenna, 'El Ostracismo de los carreras', by Manuel de Olazabal, an Argentine soldier who fought in the war of independence and civil war. Contains handwritten notes in the margins


The rapid change and expansion of human settlements raise the need for precise remote-sensing monitoring tools. While some Land Cover (LC) maps are publicly available, the knowledge of the up-to-date urban extent for a specific instance in time is often missing. The lack of a relevant urban mask, especially in developing countries, increases the burden on Earth Observation (EO) data users or requires them to rely on time-consuming manual classification. This paper explores fast and effective exploitation of Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) data for the generation of urban LC, which can be frequently updated. The method is based on an Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA), where one Multi-Spectral (MS) image is used to define clusters of similar pixels through super-pixel segmentation. A short stack (<2 months) of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data is then employed to classify the clusters, exploiting the unique characteristics of the radio backscatter from human-made targets. The repeated illumination and acquisition geometry allows defining robust features based on amplitude, coherence, and polarimetry. Data from ascending and descending orbits are combined to overcome distortions and decrease sensitivity to the orientation of structures. Finally, an unsupervised Machine Learning (ML) model is used to separate the signature of urban targets in a mixed environment. The method was validated in two sites in Portugal, with diverse types of LC and complex topography. Comparative analysis was performed with two state-of-the-art high-resolution solutions, which require long sensing periods, indicating significant agreement between the methods (averaged accuracy of around 90%).


A novel in situ composite comprised of kaolin clay fillers and polyamide 6 (Nylon-6) was synthesized via a colloidal approach by suspending kaolin particles in aqueous caprolactam and then polymerizing the caprolactam under elevated temperature and pressure. This in situ polymerization technique enables the deposition of nylon molecules directly onto the filler surface. It offers a much larger contact surface area for the nylon molecules to interact with the filler particles and enhances filler/matrix interaction through polymer miscibility. The kaolin particles were shown to be uniformly dispersed in Nylon-6 matrix without appreciable agglomeration. In the highly clay-loaded composites such as the 50/50 kaolin/Nylon-6 in situ composite, the deposited nylon molecules probably form a coated layer on the filler particles. This kind of nylon coated fillers may be applied as a reinforcing entity to commercial Nylon-6 or -66 by improving particle dispersion and melt processability. The 50/50 kaolin/Nylon-6 in situ composites have been used as a masterbatch for blending with commercial Nylon-6 and Nylon-66 to take advantage of their good properties and to reduce cost. Rheology and mechanical properties of the masterbatch/nylon composites have been investigated in comparison with those of the conventional melt-mixed composites. The improvement of rheological and mechanical properties of the in situ composites has been discussed in relation to the composite structure.


A theoretical approach to the ballistic penetration and armor development has been made and a single phase material with a computer evaluated optimum hardness has been proposed to give a superior performance as an armour.


Developed a technology extract reindeer antlers, containing with functional biologically active substances for enrichment confectionery micronutrients. The chemical and microbiological indicators extract.


Generally, the emulsion of AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na aqueous solution and kerosene was prepared by direct emulsification in which the surfactant mixture was initially placed in the oil phase and then the water phase was added. Transitional phase inversion (TPI) emulsification has been widely used for preparation of ultrafine emulsions, but there is no report about the P(AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na) nanoemulsion obtained by polymerization of TPI emulsion. In this article, first, the emulsions of AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na aqueous solution and kerosene were prepared by four different methods, then, the properties of different emulsions and the corresponding results of polymerization were compared. The P(AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na) nanoemulsion was obtained by the polymerization of TPI emulsion. Compared to the P(AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na) emulsion obtained by direct emulsification, the P(AM/AA-Na/AMPS-Na) nanoemulsion obtained by the polymerization of TPI emulsion has higher molecular weight and better freeze–thaw stability and thermal stability.


In this thesis, we investigate two explicit families of geometric structures that occur on hy- perbolic groups. After recalling some introductory material, we begin by giving an overview of the theory of special cube complexes, with a particular focus on properties of subgroups of hyperbolic special groups. We then describe an explicit algorithm, based on Stallings' notion of folding for graphs, to construct a local isometry between cube complexes that represents the inclusion of a subgroup H ⊂ G , and show that this terminates if and only if the subgroup is quasiconvex. This provides a potential method by which quasiconvexity for various sub- groups could be verified. In the second part of the thesis, we investigate another family of geometric structures: negatively curved simplicial complexes. We show that groups satisfying a "uniform" C′(1/6) small cancellation condition have such a structure, and then move on to prove a gluing theo- rem (with cyclic edge groups) for these complexes. Using this theorem, we extend the family of groups known to be CAT(−1) to include hyperbolic limit groups, hyperbolic graphs of free groups with cyclic edge groups, and more generally hyperbolic groups whose JSJ components are 2-dimensionally CAT(−1).


Stolbur Phytoplasma was detected from Lilium Oriental hybrids showing flattened stem and flower clustering. The presence of phytoplasma was demonstrated using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assays with phyto-plasma-universal(P1/P6)and stolbur phytoplasma-specific 16F1/R1-S primer pairs amplifying phytoplasma 16S rDNA regions. Nucleotide suquences of the phytoplasma 16S rDNA were determined. Nucleic acid extracted from lily amplified 1.5 kb DNA with a phytoplasma universal primer pair. In nested PCR, 1.1 kb PCR product was obtained using specific primer pair, indicating an isolate of stolbur phytoplasma. Nucleotide sequence of phytoplasma 16S rDNA reported in this study showed 99.5% and 99.1% identities with two known stolbur phytoplamas (16Sr XII-A). Also, it exhibited a sequence homology of 98.0% with phormium yellow leaf (16Sr XII-B), and 97.9% with Australian grapevine yellows (16Sr XII-B). Meanwhile, it showed 98.1% identity with strawberry green petal phytoplama, (16Sr1-C), and 94.7 % with American aster yellows (16Sr1-B). Homology percentage of the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence suggests that this phytoplama could be classified into the stolbur phytoplasma, subgroup A (16Sr XII-A), as a type strain stolbur.


The crystal structure of pyrazinic acid has been determined by X-ray diffraction method. The crystal is orthorhombic, space group Pna21, a=11.352, b=7.363, c=6.454A, and Z=4. The structure was solved by inspecting the sharpened Patterson map. The final R value is 6.4% for all observed reflections. The molecule does not take a zwitter ion, but a neutral form. The dimensions of the pyrazine ring are close to those of pyrazine. Each molecule is joined, through the O–H···N hydrogen bond with distance of 2.669 A, to two neighboring molecules forming the chain. These chains are linked by the weak C–H···O hydrogen bond to form the sheet parallel to the (0 0 1) plane. This hydrogen bonding scheme is quite similar to that of nicotinic acid. The hydrogen bonding type found in nicotinic acid is considered energetically favored more than that found in picolinic acid.


The European Union's (EU) liberalisation of media policies and its content quality bias towards economic efficiency has resulted in a situation where, in some small markets like Estonia, the audience is divided into two parts. The Russian-speaking audience in Estonia mainly follows Russian state TV channels, and the Estonian-speaking audience watches Estonian television channels. This has happened even though the EU media policy should ensure freedom of information, diversity of opinion and media pluralism. Findings from the Estonian case study show that despite the noble aim of the EU media policy, Estonia has two radically different information fields: Estonian-language media promotes European values, and Russian state media, enjoying high popularity among the Russian speakers, promotes 'Putin's values'. The question is whether the EU legal instrument — Audiovisual Media Service Directive (AVMSD) — is an efficient tool when disinformation from third countries is disseminated with the aim of gaining a political influence over the EU member states' citizens. The recommendation is that the AVMSD should be revised in a way that prevents unfair competition directed from third countries and tools should be developed to compensate for market failures.


The parametric bootstrap method is applied to derive the prediction intervals for stochastic volatility models. The study adopts the parameters estimation developed by So et al. (1997) and proves the validity of the proposed bootstrap procedure for this process. The basic stochastic volatility model specifies the mean equation with standard normal error. It is found, via simulation study, that the same algorithm can be employed to the model with heavy-tailed innovations, which demonstrates the potential of the bootstrap techniques. This methodology is also applied to a real data example to predict the daily observations on the S&P 500 index and the results confirm that our interval predictions are satisfactory.


The article discusses the state policy instruments aimed at regulation of small and medium business activities with due assessment of the efficiency of these instruments; it also identifies the gaps of the modern Russian state tax policy and provides recommendations for its improvement.


This paper is,by induction and comparison,to investigate English and Chinese expressions related to the organs of the human body.In both languages of Chinese and English,there are many phrases and expressions which are associated with human organs.Prompted by the similarities and differences in the implications and metaphors these expressions convey,the study tries to,in four parts,compare,explore and discuss these terms.Findings suggest that overt external organs found in both languages do not differ much in their implications,and people's understanding of these organs is basically similar and objective;while the similarities and differences in the implications of covert internal organs in both languages reflect that people's understanding of these organs was,in the past,vague,confused,perceptual and somewhat subjective.This study will play a significant role in the improvement of English teaching at medical umiversities.


A sensor system for fast gas composition analysis is presented. Using linear Raman scattering the simultaneous detection of virtually all components of fuel gas mixtures such as natural gas and biogas can be achieved. The system consists of commercially available hardware components, in detail a frequency doubled continuous wave laser at 532 nm and a compact spectrometer with an embedded charge coupled device chip. For the evaluation of the Raman spectra a fast software module based on a contour fit algorithm is developed. Moreover, modules for controlling the hardware components are implemented in the sensor software ensuring simple operability of the entire system. In this paper the sensor is characterized in terms of, e.g., accuracy, reproducibility, detection limits and temporal performance. Finally its application for natural gas analysis in a gas turbine power plant is demonstrated, and the results obtained are compared to gas chromatography results.


3-D relative motion model for missile and ground maneuver target is established,then a kind of nonlinear guidance law is designed for homing missile.Stability and steady state precision of the guidance system are analyzed theoretically.Guidance law proposed can be implemented conveniently in engineering as it needs little target information.Numerical simulation indicates that the guidance precision is high even if surface target maneuvers strongly.


This Thesis presents the prospects for investigating gamma-ray pulsars with future Cherenkov facilities, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and ASTRI mini-array (possible precursor for CTA). Gamma-ray pulsars are compact astrophysical objects which emit photons with energies up to ~100 GeV. The nature of the gamma-ray emission from these sources is not fully understood. In addition, the recent detection of the Crab pulsar with Cherenkov telescopes such as MAGIC and VERITAS at very high energies (VHE, >100 GeV) challenged current theoretical models. CTA will be a next-generation ground-based VHE gamma-ray instrument, designed to achieve a sensitivity of the order of one magnitude better than that of currently operating Cherenkov installations. It will consist of two arrays, one in northern and one in southern hemisphere, each with a large number of different-sized telescopes. Early observations can be carried out with CTA precursors, such as the ASTRI mini-array. I simulated the VHE emission from the 12 most energetic Fermi pulsars. I analyzed the Fermi-LAT data of these pulsars above 10 GeV and extrapolated their gamma-ray spectra up to ~160 TeV, in order to estimate how many of them will be detectable with CTA. In addition, I performed a detailed investigation of the pulsed VHE emission from the Crab pulsar, simulating the light curve detectable with CTA. I calculated with which accuracy it will be possible to study the timing properties of this pulsar with CTA and the ASTRI mini-array. Finally, I investigated VHE gamma rays from the Vela X region. Assuming different spatial distributions for the emission from the Vela pulsar wind nebula, I calculated more realistic estimates of the significance of the Vela pulsar detection with CTA. Using different software packages (ctools and Asrtisim), I also studied the extended Vela X emission and tested the resolving capabilities of CTA and the ASTRI mini-array.


This paper introduces how to make analysis of static based on the finite element method(including hypermesh and ansys software) on the strength and rigidity of universal coupling of cross-SWC-type models.


- This study is a secondary study that is a cyclic seismic test of High depth hybrid composite beam and column connection after the primary bending strength test of a high depth Hybrid composite beam. Total of 3 seismic test specimens were prepared to cyclic test. The bracket and beam web spliced by high strength bolt and the bracket and beam upper flange was spliced by welding. Test results showed that the seismic strength was higher than the plastic moment(   ) in the positive·negative moment section, the requirement of composite intermediate moment frame wes satisfied. Therefore, the requirement of intermediate moment frame can be secured by applying the details of connection of this study results.


Universities' financing institution is restricted by institutional environment.Not only can economic and political institutions make a restricted effect on universities' financing institution,but also the cultural institution can have a great influence on it.The cultural institution plays an important function in the construction of universities' financing institution,it is a vital factor of influencing the performance of universities' financing institution and an unneglectable important force in the financing institution transition of universities.


Light-emitting halide perovskites are currently emerging as promising solution-processed materials for optoelectronic applications, and correlations between their physical properties and morphologies are important drivers to guide material and device optimization. There is still a lack of precise control of the morphology in colloidal perovskite materials, and in the related studies of their shape-dependent optical properties. Capitalizing on our previous works on the ligand-assisted reprecipitation synthesis of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals, we have addressed the role of key experimental parameters in determining the degree of supersaturation that drives the crystallization of CH3NH3PbBr3 precursors. By adjusting the amount of ligands, we fabricated single crystalline CH3NH3PbBr3 nanocubes (size: ≈500 nm) and nanowires (length: 2–4.5 μm, width: ≈100 nm), and conducted steady-state, time-resolved, excitation power and temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements to investigate their shape-dependent photoluminescence properties.


The Internet references cited in this publication were valid as of the original date of this publication. Given that URLs and websites are in constant flux, neither the author(s) nor the COPS Office can vouch for their current validity. The Office Of Community Oriented Policing Services (the COPS Office) is the component of the U.S. Department of Justice responsible for advancing the practice of community policing by the nation's state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies through information and grant resources. The community policing philosophy promotes organizational strategies that support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime. In its simplest form, community policing is about building relationships and solving problems. The COPS Office awards grants to state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to hire and train community policing professionals, acquire and deploy cutting-edge crime-fighting technologies, and develop and test innovative policing strategies. The COPS Office funding also provides training and technical assistance to community members and local government leaders and all levels of law enforcement. Since 1994, the COPS Office has invested more than $16 billion to add community policing officers to the nation's streets, enhance crime fighting technology, support crime prevention initiatives, and provide training and technical assistance to help advance community policing. More than 500,000 law enforcement personnel, community members, and government leaders have been trained through COPS Office-funded training organizations. The COPS Office has produced more than 1,000 information products—and distributed more than 2 million publications—including Problem Oriented Policing Guides, Grant Owner's Manuals, fact sheets, best practices, and curricula. And in 2010, the COPS Office participated in 45 law enforcement and public-safety conferences in 25 states in order to maximize the exposure and distribution of these knowledge products. More than 500 of those products, along with other products covering a wide area of community policing topics—from school and campus safety to gang violence—are currently available, at no cost, through its online Resource Information Center at www.cops.usdoj.gov. More than 2 million copies have been downloaded in FY2010 alone. The easy to navigate and up to date website is also the grant application portal, providing access to online application forms. At the heart of community policing and problem solving is the requirement that the police are transparent in all their dealings with the public. Transparency …


The reduction of sulfuric acid to sulfur dioxide, a chemical process of industrial interest, needs catalyst and high temperature to proceed. In this work the activation parameters of the thermo-catalytic reduction of SO 3 to SO 2 in the presence of three commercial catalysts: 2 wt. % Pt/TiO 2 , 5 wt. % Pd/Al 2 O 3 and α-Fe 2 O 3 were determined considering the first order dependence of the reduction reaction rate on SO 3 concentration in the gaseous mixture passing over the catalyst bed. Based on activation parameters the sizing of the catalytic reactor was performed. There are no big differences between dimensions of the catalyst beds, α-Fe 2 O 3 being advantaged because is cheaper and more available than Pd or Pt supported catalysts. When both the catalyst bed volume and mass are considered constant, the fractional conversion exponentially decreases with the mass flow rate of inlet sulfuric acid.


This article explores the interactions among ethics, spirituality, and business management from a Buddhist perspective. In recent decades, scholars have made substantial contributions to reintroduce spirituality into business ethics and Buddhist values to business management. This paper
 argues that some core Buddhist concepts and practices could uniquely contribute to identifying moral agency and responsibility, and addressing the practical challenges related to business ethics in a market economy. This article attempts to dissect the Buddhist worldview, as proclaimed through
 the three marks of phenomenal existence: 1) impermanence, 2) suffering, and 3) non-self, and evaluate its relevance to the theories and practices of business ethics. The significance of this worldview in contemporary society is further explored through the lens of epistemology, ontology, soteriology,
 and a six "I"s strategy. Two case studies are presented to illustrate possible frameworks of moral decision-making inspired by Buddhist ethics.


Example embodiments provide an image processing method and apparatus of the present invention, the method is applied to an image forming apparatus, sheets can be optimized to enhance the user experience. The method includes: First, after obtaining a first image captured by the lens in a first direction, the first image detecting whether there is a first object feature point in a first overlapping region, if the first image of the first there is an overlapping area of the first object feature points, it is determined that the first object region having a first characteristic point in the first image, and according to the size of the first area, determining the angle of the lens to be adjusted, according to the first direction and such that the angle of the lens to be adjusted, the lens is adjusted to a second direction, the second image acquired last lens captured in the second direction, and the second a mosaic image and the second image. The present invention is applicable to the field of electronic information.


From 1985 to 1990, Great Britain exported 57 900 pure breeding cattle at an age that allows for BSE infection during calf-hood and early adolescence. These cattle were exported throughout Europe. It is calculated that had these animals remained in the UK, 1668 would have developed BSE. Only a proportion of these cases have been reported clearly indicating that a European approach to the BSE problem is required


Predictable hydrolysis of [3H]digoxin‐12α occurred in vitro with incubation in HCl or gastric juice. Hydrolysis varied with pH, time, temperature and agitation. Digoxin, the bis‐ and mono‐digitoxosides of digoxigenin and digoxigenin were separated by silica gel thin‐layer chromatography using chloroform‐ethyl acetate‐glacial acetic acid (25:25:1 v/v) and were quantitated by liquid scintillation spectrometry. Hydrolysis with incubation at 37° and pH 3 for 90 min was minimal, but increased with increasing acidity until >70% was hydrolysed at pH 1·2 after 30 min and >96% after 90 min incubation. At pH 0·9, 87% was hydrolysed after 30 min. In vitro hydrolysis in gastric fluid was slightly less than in HCl at the same pH. A volunteer was given 150 μCi[3H]digoxin‐12α by nasogastric tube during a pentagastrin infusion when gastric pH was 0·94. He remained on his left side and samples were aspirated at intervals and immediately neutralized. Ethanol‐chloroform 50:50 (v/v) extracts of the gastric fluid aspirated after 90 min and of all the urine specimens collected for 5 days were applied to a DEAE Sephadex LH‐20 column. The radioactivity appeared in a single peak as digoxigenin in the 90 min gastric aspirate and in all urine specimens. Extensive intragastric hydrolysis of digoxin may occur under conditions of maximum acid output.


During enlarging an existing tunnel under operation, unexpected excessive overbreaks and large cavities around the tunnel were found. It was an issue that they might influence the stability the new tunnel. The overbreaks and cavities are assumed that they were attributed to excessive blasting under the condition of insufficient ground investigation. To enlarge the existing tunnel safely, therefore, a remedy measure for the overbreaks and cavities is suggested.


There can be no doubt that the most important progress in medicine and in social economy during the last three decades has been in the prevention of disease. Not only have communities awakened to the fact that by applying the best principles of preventive medicine we can avoid the spread of disease and prevent its ravages, but that in so doing the people of the community are benefited in other material ways. And in no way is the saving of life and the improvement in the general welfare of the people at large better demonstrated than in the results achieved in the handling of contagious diseases in the municipality of to-day. A most essential part of the equipment of a city in the battle against contagious diseases is an adequate hospital or series of hospitals for contagious diseases. This is a statement which may be accepted as axiomatic,-yet how slow have the cities of all countries been to appreciate this fact. The first hospital for contagious diseases in general was opened in Glasglow in 1865 and in London in 1871, (Osler). The latter city has now nine hospitals for contagious diseases and one convalescent home a very proper recognition of their importance. Why is a municipal hospital for contagious diseases of such great importance? We may state that it is so for several reasons. The most important are: 1. The lack of adequate facilities for treatment of contagious diseases in many homes. 2. The difficulty of securing proper quarantine at home. 3. The nearer approach to absolute isolation in a properly conducted hospital. 4. The far smaller disturbance caused to business and social intercourse when a case of contagious disease is removed to the hospital.


Asymmetry in frontal electrical activity has been reported to be associated with positive mood. One form of mindfulness meditation, integrative body-mind training (IBMT) improves positive mood and neuroplasticity. The purpose of this study is to determine whether short-term IBMT improves mood and induces frontal asymmetry. This study showed that 5-days (30-min per day) IBMT significantly enhanced cerebral blood flow (CBF) in subgenual/adjacent ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), medial prefrontal cortex and insula. The results showed that both IBMT and relaxation training increased left laterality of CBF, but only IBMT improved CBF in left ACC and insula, critical brain areas in self-regulation.


The significant increase in air transportation expected over the coming decades, combined with the initiation of the emissions trading system (EU-ETS) within European aviation, is increasing the requirement for airlines to find new levels of efficiency in their operating practices leading to reduced emission levels. Technological developments are expected to lead to substantial reductions in fuel burn and emissions over the long term, including aircraft design optimization and the use of alternative fuels. However in short term, enhancements to aircraft routing and air traffic control are some of the most promising areas for improvements. This paper will present an alternative routing strategy for certain long haul journeys that could lead to significant reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption. The paper analyses 7 traditional long haul routes departing from London Heathrow (LHR) to 5 North American destinations, Mumbai and Singapore. The traditional 'non-stop' routes are compared to a new 'multiple stage' routing strategy utilising an intermediate hub that splits the journey into 2 phases. The 2 phase is completed using short haul aircraft (B737, A320), which benefit from increased efficiency when compared to traditional longrange aircraft for example the B747-400. Of the 7 routes analysed, 6 showed CO2 and fuel consumption reductions per passenger per flight ranging from 2.1% to 13.7%. Furthermore, introducing a 50% blend of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) biofuel, resulted in estimated CO2 reductions of as much as 16.6% with cost savings relating to EU-ETS biofuel exemption and emission reduction estimated at between $10-19 per passenger considering current costs of carbon credits.


A criterion to obtain the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter experimentally is discussed from the viewpoint of surface and asymmetry energies in neutron-rich nuclei. A simple analysis with a liquid-drop mass formula suggests that the proton fraction of a nucleus, Z/A, should be as small as 0.3. In the case of Ni isotopes, this corresponds to the neutron number N = 52 and the asymmetry energy per nucleon is 2 MeV. A preliminary result of a systematic study using a macroscopic nuclear model concerning the asymmetry energy is also briefly discussed.


Evidence has accumulated that sounds produced by courting Drosophilas serve for recognition and acceptance in mating, and interspecific differences of such sounds may be important for reproductive isolation (e.g. Ewing and Bennet-Clark, 1968). It has been shown (Miller, Goldstein, and Patty, 1975) that the widespread North American species Drosophila athabasca consists of three semispecies with different courtship sounds. We now report an investigation of sounds related to courtship and mating in five other sibling species of the D. affinis subgroup: affinis, algonquin, azteca, narragansett, and tolteca. Additional observations of such sounds were also made on the three athabasca semispecies and on hybrids between semispecies "eastern B" and D. azteca.


Rating prediction is one of the key studies in the recommendation system. The traditional rating prediction algorithms only utilize user's rating data to predict unknown ratings. In fact, however, we need to deal with the randomness and fuzziness of user ratings. At the same time, the sparsity of the data limits the performance of these algorithms. Therefore, a backpropagation neural network recommendation algorithm based on cloud model is proposed. First, the algorithm uses cloud model qualitative and quantitative transformation method to deal with the user ratings, which generates multiple cloud prediction values for users, and these values constitute the cloud layer. Then, the cloud layer joins the neural network, which can improve the accuracy of rating prediction. The missing value of rating matrix is filled in and recommendation list for the target user is generated. Finally, we perform experiments on the real-world data set, finding out that the proposed method achieves better results compared with the traditional recommendation methods in term of recall, precision, and F1.


Some studies indicate that the cross-section of large wind turbine blades subjected to wind and gravity loads will ovalise due to the Brazier effects [1,2]. This feature could however not be verified by numerical experiments of a FE model of a fictive 61.5 m blade, based on the NREL 5MW reference turbine [3], subjected to simplified load cases. Accurate prediction of failure modes of sandwich structures based on finite element calculations are highly important if accurate predictions of such features in large wind turbine blades are to be investigated.

In this study, an experimental setup designed to cause deflection and stress patterns in the core similar to what might be achieved by the Brazier effect in a wind turbine blade subjected to severe wind loads has been carried out. The test set up will highlight stress in the through-thickness direction, causing classical shell theory to be circumspect as a modelling tool. By designing specimens with different foam core material properties, stiffness and strength, different failure modes were observed in the test. Through the use of combinations of solid and shell elements and geometrically nonlinear analyses, the experimental effects were shown to be predictable by an otherwise linear FE model.


Objective To evaluate the effect of CapeOX(capecitabine-oxaliplatin) new adjacent chemotherapy and hepatectomy on the patients with colorectal cancer and unresectable liver metastases.Methods Fifty-one patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer,which meeting defined criteria of unresectability.Frist,the patients received CapeOX new adjacent chemotherapy,and assessed every 2 weeks.Patients whose liver metastases became resectable after treatment with CapeOX were considered to undergo liver metastasectomy,and then continued on further treatment with CapeOX after surgery.The therapeutic effects,including surgical response,rate of hepatectomy,postoperative complications and recurrence,and survival state,were evaluated.The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in the primary lesions of the patients was also analyzed.Results These 51 patients received CapeOX new adjacent chemotherapy for 1-8 weeks(median therapeutic time was 4 weeks).In 22 patients(43.1%) the liver metastases responded to CapeOX treatment,and 15 of them(29.4%) underwent curative hepatectomy;19 patients(37.2%) had no response to CapeOX treatment,and their median survival time was 12 months;the remaining 17 patients with stable disease or partial responses did not undergo curative surgery,and their median survival time was 19 months.Five of 15 patients who underwent curative hepatectomy had various complications,but no postoperative mortality.At median follow-up of 21 months in the hepatectomy group,relapse and death occurred in 6 and 4 cases respectively.The expression of EGFR was associated with the progression of the metastatic colorectal cancer.Conclusions CapeOX new adjacent chemotherapy can convert the unresectable liver metastases to be resectable in some patients.The combination of CapeOX with radical excision may can improve the outcome in selected patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.


Bookreview of Mielle Bulterman's book Human Rights in the Treaty Relations of the European Community - Real Virtues or Virtual Reality?


The Internet of Things (IoT) connects smart objects and devices, which provides large amount of data to be stored than analyzed for processing. IoT devices are useful in different categories from remote monitoring of industrial environment to industrial automation. Furthermore, healthcare applications are mainly showing interest towards IoT devices because of cost reduction, user-friendly and improve the quality-of-life of patients. The existing IoT-driven healthcare applications, analyzed and still there is a need for innovative technology-based solutions to face the challenges in medical environment. In particular, wearable and implantable devices with IoT architectures, investigated for data-transmission process. The usage of IoT in e-healthcare has tremendously increased in many areas such as to maintain vital equipment, monitor patient care, monitor medical assets, track equipment usage etc. Wearable IoT interlinks body-worn sensor devices to the medical environment; the physicians can monitor the health condition of patients remotely. Implantable devices aid in replacing the biological part of the human body, which damaged. Developing wearable and implantable body area network is significantly challenging due to miniaturization of sensors, integration of Integrated Circuits (ICs), less energy consumption, body-worn antennas, non-invasive wearable structures etc. This article provides the overall ecosystem of IoT based E-healthcare systems and its relevant components.


In this paper, we describe an engaging puzzle game called 2048 and outline a variety of exercises that can leverage the game's popularity to engage student interest, reinforce core CS concepts, and excite student curiosity towards undergraduate research. Exercises range in difficulty from CS1-level exercises suitable for exercising and assessing 1D and 2D array skills to empirical undergraduate research in Monte Carlo Tree Search methods and skilled heuristic evaluation design.


Cellular reprogramming is defined as the ability of a cell to change its identity. Various examples of cellular reprogramming like reprogramming of a nucleus (dedifferentiation), reprogramming of a committed cell (transdetermination) or that of a differentiated cell (trans‐differentiation) have been described. Even though extensive work has been performed for the past two decades the exact mechanism by which a cell changes its identity is not clearly understood. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in reprogramming cells will not only provide a comprehensive knowledge about normal development but also about pathological processes like cancer. It will also help to generate cell‐based therapies for debilitating diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's disease etc in regenerative medicine and to develop diagnostic tools for the early detection of cancer. This research project uses the powerful genetics of C. Elegans to dissect the process and identify molecular players at a single cell level. In C. Elegans, during the 2nd larval developmental stage, one cell named 'Y', a differentiated epithelial cell of the rectum, migrates anteriorly and becomes a motor neuron 'PDA' which has a characteristic axon emanating from the cell body. Simultaneously, another neighbouring cell named 'P12. Pa' takes the position of Y in the rectum. This process happens in the absence of cell division. To identify players involved in the process a forward genetic screen by EMS mutagenesis was performed to isolate mutants that are affected at various steps of trans‐differentiation. One of the mutants, "fp8", obtained is found to be a new allele of unc3, the sole COE (Collier‐Olfactory‐Early B cell factor) transcription factor in C. Elegans that is widely conserved among species. An elaborate analysis of unc3( 0) mutant shows that the "Y" cell that fails to trans‐differentiate into "PDA" is exhibiting neither epithelial nor neuronal characteristics and is blocked in an intermediate state suggesting that the transition of epithelial‐to‐neuronal identity proceeds through intermediary cellular steps and not by concomitant expression of epithelial and neuronal characteristics. This study will shed light on the factors that are used in a physiological process to reprogram a cell and will likely contribute to better understanding of developmental process and improve reprogramming strategies in regenerative medicine.


Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in people over the age of 60. It is a progressive condition in which the optic nerve, which is vital for vision, is damaged, often by abnormally high pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure, or IOP). This high pressure occurs when there is a build-up of fluid (aqueous humor) inside the eye, and in order to prevent blindness from glaucoma, IOP must be reduced to a safe level.


Despite knowledge of its existence and despite precautionary measures, suppurative thrombophlebitis remains a significant problem in critical care, with a reported incidence of approximately 4% and associated mortality as high as 83%. In a retrospective study, we identified additional risk factors such as emergency department or field placement of catheters and administration of potassium boluses. New guidelines for surveillance and prevention have proved successful.


Preliminary findings indicate that, although inosine-5′-monophosphate (IMP) has been reported to be fairly heat-stable, only 40% of IMP, 33.5% of adenosine-5′-monophosphate (AMP), and 25% of hypoxa...


Integration of materials and manufacturing engineering technology directly into the mechanical design process through physics-based computational tools is revolutionizing the way components are being design and manufactured within the turbine engine industry. Linkage of mechanical design and solid models with simulation tools that provide manufacturing and mechanical property information is providing design engineers with greater capabilities to conduct holistic design optimization. In the paper presented, examples of materials and manufacturing process simulations along with the overarching approach within ICME (integrated computational materials engineering) to link these simulation capabilities to design methods will be discussed.


A new researching and teaching project of basic programming was proposed and carried out for freshmen of computer science and software engineering including the refinement of training objective, the adjustment of course schedule, the argumentation of course content, the extension of practice training, the establishment of the evaluation system and the assessment index and the aggrandizement of the usage of online practice platform and online judge platform. Finally, the effectiveness of the project proposed in this paper is validated through the case study.


To examine the relationship between the growth polarity of microtubules and guanine nucleotide dependence, we polymerized microtubules from axonemes either with GTP or with GTP and GDP, and observed individual microtubules by dark-field microscopy. We used a perfusion chamber to monitor the growth polarity of microtubules from the same axoneme. Exchanging a solution containing only GTP for one containing GTP and GDP elicited a switch in the growth polarity of microtubules from the plus ends to the minus ends. These results suggest that GDP directly affects microtubule polymerization and inverts growth polarity, probably by inhibiting growth at the plus ends.


A federal government is a government structure that distinguishes the authority of the country's central government from the state government. It assigns those tasks to each sector such that it has its own role for the central government to do and its own for the state government. A quasi-Federal government is a form of government that divides the authority between the country's central government and state government, but the central government allocates greater power than the state government in the quasi-federal government. The central government may intervene in the decisions taken by the state government in a quasi-central government structure. The nature of dual politics is federation. Federalism is a government concept specifying the relationship between the national level of the central government and its constituent units at the provincial, state or local level. The government theory allocates power and authority between the national and local governmental units in such a manner that a sphere of power and authority is assigned to each unit, which can only be exercised, while the others have to be allocated.


The ministry of education put forward "using English and the other foreign languages to teach students positively" since 8, 2001, the bilingual teaching develops rapidly in our country's universities. From the practical effect, though we achieve some success, there are a lot of unsatisfying problems. This article mainly starts with the deficiency of bilingual teaching of our country's universities at present, and analyzes this problem from four aspects, that is, the teaching objective, manpower and material resources, the curriculum system, the teaching method.


The problems and drawbacks of the Physical Distribution System (PDS) of a production company are described. A simulation model which takes into consideration the activities of the PDS and some part of the production system of the company are presented. Using this simulation model, experiments have been performed to find the effect of certain critical variables like service level, lead times and production rate on the total cost. The limitations of this study and potential areas of future work are assessed.


Emergency preparedness agencies are promoting community resiliency in the face of disasters through community involvement and planning. One aspect of such programs is the incorporation of disaster planning into the community normal operational activities. This paper presents a framework for a screening tool developed using the analytical hierarchy process and commonly used statistical tools to obtain a first-order estimate of the relative resilience of buried lifeline networks to earthquake loads. It is envisioned that the results will be incorporated into a municipality or utility prioritization scheme for the rehabilitation/replacement of its buried assets, as well as provide a basis for emergency response teams to prioritize their efforts following an earthquake event. A preliminary verification of the proposed model was conducted by comparing predictions with data collected during the aftermath of the Loma Prieta and Kobe earthquakes. It was shown that the proposed holistic approach is a viable method for tackling this complex, multivariable problem. The proposed model can be codified to run under standard geographical information system platforms, enabling access to existing electronic databases.


The paper describes the two major degradation mechanisms of geosynthetics: oxidation of polyolefins (polyethylene and polypropylene), and hydrolysis of polyester (polyethylene terephthalate). These are the polymers which comprise the vast majority of geotextiles and geogrids used for soil reinforcement. Details of the degradation mechanisms of each material and their consequences are described based on the presently available literature. The influence of material structure, in particular the orientation, and ambient environmental conditions on the degradation are also discussed. The mechanisms and methods of stabilization which are currently used to minimize degradation are also presented. Finally, the paper concentrates on various possible test methods which can be used for monitoring the degradation of geosynthetic materials. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 860243.


Crossbred steers (n = 448; 352 ± 25 kginitial body weight) were used to evaluate impact of Megasphaera elsdenii (ME; Lactipro advance, MS Biotec, Wamego, KS), alone or in combination with ruminally-protected lysine (RPL; USA Lysine, Kemin Industries, Inc., USA), on performance and carcass traits of finishing steers in a randomized complete block design. Steers were blocked by initial body weight and randomly assigned within block to one of 64 pens (7 steers/pen) in a 2 x 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Factors consisted of RPL (0 or 40 g/steer daily) and two step-up regimens (21-d without ME or 10-d with ME). Four step-up diets were used to transition cattle to finishing diets containing (dry basis) 60% steam flaked corn, 7% wheat straw, 30% sweet bran, and supplement. Diets were fed once daily ad libitum. Freeze-dried ME was re-hydrated and dosed orally (1x1010 CFU/steer) on d 1, and top-dressed (1x107 CFU/steer daily) onto diets daily thereafter. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with ME, RPL and the interaction as fixed effects, and block as the random effect. There were no interactions between ME and RPL (P > 0.05). Steers given ME consumed 16% less roughage compared to their counterparts without (P < 0.05), but gain, dry matter intake, and gain:feed were similar (P > 0.10). Administering ME tended to increase percentage of USDA Prime carcasses (0.5 vs 2.7%; P < 0.06). Feeding RPL did not affect feedlot performance, carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, marbling score, 12th-rib fat thickness, or liver abscess incidence (P > 0.10), but tended to increase yield grade (P < 0.07). In conclusion, use of Megasphaera elsdenii with an accelerated step-up program yielded feedlot performance and carcass traits comparable to those of cattle adapted with a conventional, 21-d step-up program, but supplemental lysine was without effect.


With the increasing deployments of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) in both industry and academia, it becomes necessary to design mechanisms for keeping the integrity of Service Function Chains (SFC) responsible for NFV services delivering. Despite the advances in the development of management and orchestration for NFV, solutions to keep SFCs resilient to well-known and zero-day threats are still much needed. In this paper, we introduce a framework for deploying anomaly detection techniques for SFC in NFV environments. Our framework consists of a set of functional blocks with welldefined functions, composing an additional SFC Integrity Module (SIM) for the standard NFV architecture. The proposed SIM enables NFV orchestrators to analyze NFV elements and perform suggested actions with the goal of keeping service integrity in the network. The results obtained through the evaluation of a Proofof- Concept implementation show that the proposed framework is able to properly detect different types of anomalies using entropybased detection techniques.


=In the Sensor Network information engineering literature, few references focus on the definition and design of Sensor Network information analytical methods. Among those that do are Munson, et al. and the ISO standards on functional size analysis. To avoid inconsistent vocabulary and potentially incorrect interpretation of data, Sensor Network information analytical methods must be better designed, including definitions, analysis principles, analysis rules, and base units.


This paper describes the use of a logic analyzer for in-lecture demonstrations of pipelining and memory hierarchy on representative hardware. The aim is to enhance understanding of fundamental concepts without excessive technical detail. The hardware used in demonstrations is described along with the examples used and their pedagogical aims. Student feedback on this approach is also presented.


The authors examine the increasingly recognized SMG top 100 list in an attempt to determine whether a system's ranking (by SMG) as an integrated system correlates with system performance. At the heart of this study are two key assumptions: 1) that the SMG ranking methodology is valid and 2) that the entities included in the ranking are indeed integrated health networks. We briefly address each of these in this comment.


The dependence of magnetoimpedance ratio, ΔZ/Z = {[Z(H)-Z(Hmax)]/Z(Hmax)}.100%, on the axial magnetic field of soft magnetic Co67Fe3.85Ni1.45B11.5Si14.5Mo1.7glass coated amorphous microwires has been investigated in the frequency range 1 - 30 MHz, for the driving current amplitudes 0.75 - 5 mA, and at the maximum axial DC-field of 8 kA/m. In the as-prepared sample, maximum GMI ratio, ΔZ/Zmax≈380%, has been observed at the highest used frequency (30 MHz). It has, however, been shown, that Joule heating enables to enlarge the ΔZ/Zmax ratio up to 500%. A strong dependence of ΔZ/Zmax on annealing time, frequency and amplitude of the driving current has also been observed. The results of the GMI measurements, presented as a function of the annealing time with the frequency and current amplitude as the parameters, showed an increase of the anisotropy field with an increase of the annealing time and temperature. The observed dependencies have been interpreted in terms of stress relaxation and changes of the magneto-elastic anisotropy induced by the Joule heating.


1. The Nerve endings and receptors of the duck's tongues and bills, stained with
Weber's silver impregnation were studied.
 2. Free nerve endings, Herbst's Corpusles and Grandry's Corpuscles in the tongue
and bill of the duck were identified and their distribution was described.
 3. The characteristics and functional significance of these nerve endings and recep-
tors were discussed.


There has been considerable investigation recently regarding the potential for the use of nanomaterials and nanostructures to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Efforts at the NASA Glenn Research Center have involved the development and use of quantum dots and carbon nanotubes to enhance inorganic and organic cell efficiencies. Theoretical results have shown that a photovoltaic device with a single intermediate band of states resulting from the introduction of quantum dots offers a potential efficiency of 63.2 percent. A recent publication extended the intermediate band theory to two intermediate bands and calculated a limiting efficiency of 71.7 percent. The enhanced efficiency results from converting photons of energy less than the band gap of the cell by an intermediate band. The intermediate band provides a mechanism for low-energy photons to excite carriers across the energy gap by a two-step process.


The Su‐Jiao orogenic belt is the eastern part of the Central Mountain System of China. Recent studies on its orogenic system indicate that the Su‐Jiao orogenic belt is a complex orogenic belt which suffered at least 3 orogenies of different mechanisms in the Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterozoic and Triassic respectively. The Meso‐Neoproterozoic orogenies belong to the Wilson cycle on the plate margins. The belt is a part of the Late Mesoproterozoic supercontinent Rodinia. The Triassic orogeny belongs to the re‐orogeny of the non‐Wilson cycle. Delamination of mountain roots occurred after both the Wilson and non‐Wilson cycles in the Su‐Jiao orogenic belt. The large‐amplitude isostatic uplift of mountains, magmatic activities and basin‐forming and mountain‐making in the upper crust, all indicate the general significance of delamination in the development of orogenic belts.


This paper studies the problem of optimal multicast routing with multiple Quality-ofService (QoS) constrains (OMRMC), which is regarded as a critical component in networks. However, it is not very efficient and effective for the existing algorithms. An undirected and connected graph G with m edges and n nodes is modeled to find a multicast routing tree from source to destination subset D in this paper, and a novel approximation algorithm called APP-OMRMC is proposed for OMRMC. The theoretical validations for the proposed method are presented to show its efficiency. After that, the different networks with different types of service are evaluated. Experimental results show that the proposed method APP-OMRMC is capable of finding the optimal (or minimum-cost) multicast routing tree with the approximation factor (1+ε) and time complexity of O(mτ).


Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of TMPRSS4 in radiation induced metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Metastatic model of human HCC was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human HCC tissue into the liver of nude mice.Mice bearing xenografts in liver were killed after radiation and the residual tumors were resected and reimplanted into the liver of normal nude mice.At the end of sixth week,the mice were killed and the histopathological features,tumor volume,intrahepatic and lung metastasis were evaluated.Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes including N-cadherin,Vimentin,SIP1 and TMPRSS4 were measured by Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results The tumor volume and frequency of lung metastasis of control group was 2.25±0.52 cm3 and 66.7%,respectively.Compared to control group,tumor diameter (1.61±0.51 cm3,P<0.05) and lung metastasis (12.5%,P<0.05) were significantly inhibited 2 days after radiation.Whereas,30 days after radiation,tumor growth recovered (2.60±0.61 cm3,P>0.05) and lung metastasis was enhanced (100%,P<0.05).There were no intrahepatic metastasis in the control group and in the group of reimplantation of HCC 2 days after radiation,while the tumors from those 30 days after radiation showed enhanced intrahepatic metastasis (18 ± 8.05,P< 0.01 ),with overexpression of SIP1,N-cadherin,Vimentin and TMPRSS4,and reduced expression of E-cadherin.Conclusion The metastasis potential of residual HCC after radiation was first inhibited and then promoted.Overexpression of TMPRSS4 plays a critical role in radiation induced long-term metastasis of HCC by facilitating EMT.

Key words:
Hepatocellular carcinoma;  Radiation;  Transmembrane protease serine 4;  Epithelial-mesenchymal transition


Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the impact of live interactive teledermatology consultations on changes in diagnosis, disease management, and clinical outcomes. Methods: All consecutive patients with skin diseases who attended or referred to the teledermatology clinics in two hospitals in Jordan between September 2013 and January 2014 were included in the study. Patients were interviewed at the initial visit and then followed up after 8 weeks. Different questionnaires and forms including quality of life questionnaires were used to collect the data. Results: Ninety teledermatology consultations were done for 88 patients. Diagnosis was established as part of the teledermatology consultations in 43.2% of patients and changed from that of the referring provider in 19.3% of patients. The treatment plan was established for 67.0% of patients and changed for 9.1% patients. The teledermatology consultations resulted in an improvement in the quality of life after 8 weeks of the patients' visit. The majority of patients perceived that the visit to the teledermatology clinic resulted in less travel time (95.5%), reduced waiting time (83.0%), and lower cost (95.5%) when compared to visiting the specialist clinic. The total satisfaction score of patients with the services received in dermatology clinic ranged from 57.7 to 100 with a mean (SD) of 90.5 (8.5) indicating a high level of satisfaction. Conclusion: Teledermatology resulted in changes in the patient's diagnosis and treatment plan and helped to establish proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Teledermatology was associated with improved health state and quality of life. Moreover, patients perceived that teledermatology as a cost-effective option


By Mr. BENNETT (for himself, and Mr. HATCH): S. 2754. A bill to provide for the exchange of certain land in the State of Utah; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. By Mr. BINGAMAN (for himself, and Mr. DOMENICI): S. 2755. A bill to further continued economic viability in the communities on the southern High Plains by promoting sustainable groundwater management of the southern Ogallala Aquifer; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. By Mr. ROBB: S. 2756. A bill to amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to establish a National Clean Water Trust Fund and to authorize the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to use amounts in the Fund to carry out projects to promote the recovery of waters of the United States from damage resulting from violations of that Act, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Environment and Public Works. By Mr. DOMENICI: S. 2757. A bill to provide for the transfer or other disposition of certain lands at Melrose Air Force Range, New Mexico, and Yakima Training Center, Washington, to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. By Mr. GRAHAM (for himself, Mr. BRYAN, Mr. ROBB, Mr. CONRAD, Mr. CHAFEE, Mr. BAUCUS, Mr. ROCKFELLER, and Mrs. LINCOLN): S. 2758. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide coverage of outpatient prescription drugs under the medicare program; to the Committee on Finance.


Due to expansion of corrosive product, various patterns of cracks are nucleated around reinforcement in concrete. Crack kinematics are identified by acoustic emission (AE)-SiGMA (Simplified Green's function for Moment tensor Analysis) procedure. Numerical analysis is conducted by the boundary element method (BEM) based on the concept of the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). Crack traces due to corrosion are simulated by the two-domain BEM. The behaviors of the dimensionless stress intensity factors (KI/KIC and KII/KIC), and the cracking modes are studied for the different types of crack patterns. It is found that cracking mechanisms due to corrosion of reinforcement are mostly associated with the mode-I failure.


The article deals with a short description of an experimental investigation that consisted in modelling the nominative derivation acts and derivatives operation. Rational strategies of derivation and derivative identification were found.


Method and system utilizing Cystofilobasidium genus of yeast to produce grease are provided. The system includes: reacting the yeast and the carbohydrate to produce grease, wherein the genus of the yeast is Cystofilobasidium.


This paper reported the study on laser re melting of plasma sprayed AlCuFe quasicrystalline coatings The results show that with the laser power fixed at 300W, increasing the laser scanning speed, the melting depth decreases resulting in the decreasing of the dilution rate of the substrate material Fe, results in the ratio of icosahedral phase to its approximant β phase to increase When the laser scanning speed is above a certain value, the bottom of melting pool can not reach the interface of the coating and the substrate, the bonding strength is not improved


Abstract Velvetleaf is an economically important weed in agronomic crops in Nebraska and the United States. Dicamba applied alone usually does not provide complete velvetleaf control, particularly when velvetleaf is taller than 15 cm. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the interaction of dicamba, fluthiacet-methyl, and glyphosate applied alone or in a mixture in two- or three-way combinations for velvetleaf control in dicamba/glyphosate–resistant (DGR) soybean and to evaluate whether velvetleaf height (≤12 cm or ≤20 cm) at the time of herbicide application influences herbicide efficacy, velvetleaf density, biomass, and soybean yield. Field experiments were conducted near Clay Center, NE in 2019 and 2020. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot with velvetleaf height (≤12 cm or ≤20 cm) as the main plot treatment and herbicides as subplot treatment. Fluthiacet provided ≥94% velvetleaf control 28 d after treatment (DAT) and ≥96% biomass reduction regardless of application rate or velvetleaf height. Velvetleaf control was 31% to 74% at 28 DAT when dicamba or glyphosate was applied alone to velvetleaf ≤20 cm tall compared with 47% to 100% control applied to ≤12-cm-tall plants. Dicamba applied alone to ≤20-cm-tall velvetleaf provided <75% control and <87% biomass reduction 28 DAT compared with ≥90% control with dicamba at 560 g ae ha–1 + fluthiacet at 7.2 g ai ha–1 or glyphosate at 1,260 g ae ha–1. Dicamba at 280 g ae ha–1 + glyphosate at 630 g ae ha–1 applied to ≤20-cm-tall velvetleaf resulted in 86% control 28 DAT compared with the expected 99% control. The interaction of dicamba + fluthiacet + glyphosate was additive for velvetleaf control and biomass reduction regardless of application rate and velvetleaf height. Nomenclature: Dicamba; fluthiacet-methyl; glyphosate; velvetleaf; Abutilon theophrasti Medik.; soybean; Glycine max (L.) Merr.


7. Mahajan SK, Prasad AS, Lambujon J, et al: Improvement of uremic hypogeusia by zinc. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1979; 25:443-448 8. McClain CJ, Kasarskis EJ, Allen JJ: Functional consequences of zinc deficiency. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1985; 9:185-226 9. Prasad AS: Clinical manifestations of zinc deficiency. Annu Rev Nutr 1985; 5:341-363 10. Tasman-Jones C: Zinc deficiency states. Adv Intern Med 1980; 26:97-114 11. Catalanotto FA: The trace metal zinc and taste. Am J Clin Nutr 1978; 31:1098-1103 12. Henkin RI, Schechter PJ, Hoye R, et al: Idiopathic hypogeusia with dysgeusia, hyposmia, and dysosmia-A new syndrome. JAMA 1971; 217:434-440 13. Catalanotto FA, Nanda R: The effects of feeding a zinc-deficient diet on taste activity and tongue epithelium in rats. J Oral Pathol 1977; 6:211-220 14. Solomons NW: Competitive interaction of iron and zinc in the diet: Consequences for human nutrition. J Nutr 1986; 1 16:927-935 15. Fawaz F: Zinc deficiency in surgical patients: A clinical study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1985; 9:364-369 16. Gordon EF, Gordon RC, Passal DB: Zinc metabolism: Basic, clinical, and behavioral aspects. J Pediatr 1981; 99:341-349


Objective:To explore the influence of differen placing time of peripheral blood platelet at room temperature in measuring results.Methods: 186 cases of clinic patients peripheral blood by ethylenediamine tetraacetate two potassium anticoagulation,determination respectively on instantly,5 min,10 min,20 min,30 min,60 min with Sysmex xs-800i blood analyzer-platelet in room temperature(18℃ to 25℃),and simultaneously manual counting spectrometry,the results are compared.Results: The results comparative differences are statistically significant with Sysmex xs-800i blood platelet in peripheral blood analyzer between in 10~60 min determination and in instantly,5 min(P0.05).Conclusion: Determination of PLT with the peripheral blood in 10~60 min results are more stable.


The importance of agrometeorological models and their application to improve cultivation techniques are growing day after day. This is mainly due to the need of an integrated agriculture, in which expensive and polluting input has to be substituted by more sustainable agronomic practices. Unfortunately, weather data used as input for these models are not always available, so methods to estimate the missing data have high importance. Starting from these considerations, some models to calculate hourly temperature from maximum and minimum daily values were used to simulate thermal pattern during seven different years (from 1994 to 2000). The obtained results were first compared with the measured values of hourly temperature to control the accuracy of the models. Then, calculated temperatures were used as input of an agrometeorological model simulating the development of Plasmopara viticola on grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Simulations, using measured and predicted temperatures, were compared to evaluate the possibility of applying temperature models to generate input data of biological systems. The Parton model showed the higher accuracy, while the Ephrath, Wcalc and Goudriaan models presented a decreasing precision in the simulation of thermal pattern. However, all the methods allowed a good substitution of measured temperatures for the application of agrometeorological models.