Background and aim: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) must adhere to a nutritional therapy characterized by a restrictive dietary scheme. Nutritional self-care can be enhanced through the use of nutritional apps. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of specific nutritional apps for chronic renal failure available in Italy. Methods: A systematic search of mobile apps was conducted by two academic researchers in three Italian App stores: Google Play Store, Apple Store and Huawei AppGallery. Of the 1602 apps identified, 2 apps (Miku; MyFIR) were evaluated with the Italian version of a Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS-ITA) by a multidisciplinary team of 20 professionals. Results: The study found that the two selected apps, available in the Google Play Store and Apple Store, aim to increase well-being through the acquisition of knowledge and behavioral change; but none identify health goals that should be achieved. The strategies used by the two applications are: information, education, monitoring and cognitive-behavioral challenge. The technical analysis showed adequate protection of personal data but only the most downloaded app (Miku) provides the possibility to share content, to send reminders and to browse when offline. Conclusions: To date, there are only two applications available to monitor nutrition in patients with kidney disease. Although both apps have shown adequate quality, a greater offer with a greater number of apps available in all mobile stores would be desirable in the future.


A new simple transition from a microstrip to gap waveguides has been proposed in this paper. The transition has been implemented for ridge gap waveguide and a groove gap waveguide. The cavity coupling is used to couple the waves between the microstrip and the gap waveguides. This cavity acts as a backshort in the transition region and the microstrip lies inside the waveguide, which provides a solution to integration of RF MMIC circuits with the feed-network of the gap waveguide array antenna. Roger 3010 (εr = 10.2) was used as the microstrip substrate for these transitions. The optimised back-to-back Ridge Gap Waveguide (RGW)-microstrip transition shows relative bandwidth of 21% for S11 < −20 dB and Groove Gap Waveguide (GGW)-microstrip transition shows relative bandwidth of 20% for S11 < −17 dB. The insertion losses are better than 0.5 dB in the designed frequency bands for both the RGW and GGW transitions.


In this paper qth order linear recurrence relation is defined. This new sequence is an extension of Fibonacci sequence in such a way that the coefficients of the terms on the right hand side of its recurrence relation, are terms of the binomial expansion of (a + b)q−1. Some properties of this extension like d'Ocagne, Catalan, Cassini identities are discussed by representing the recurrence relation in Matrix form.


We analyze the determinants of effective legal institutions (legality) using data from forty-nine countries. We show that the way the law was initially transplanted and received is a more important determinant than the supply of law from a particular legal family. Countries that have developed legal orders internally, adapted the transplanted law, and/or had a population that was already familiar with basic principles of the transplanted law have more effective legality than countries that received foreign law without any similar pre-dispositions. The transplanting process has a strong indirect effect on economic development via its impact on legality, while the impact of particular legal families is weaker and not robust to alternative legality measures. JEL Classification Codes: O1, O57, K00 * We thank Jan Kleinheisterkamp (Max Planck Institute, Hamburg), for his help with background information on Latin America and the coding of these countries. We are also grateful to the comments of Francois Bourguignon, four anonymous referees and seminar participants at Columbia University, Harvard University, the University of Maryland, the University of Michigan, the Public Choice Society meetings (2000), the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and the World Bank. **Corresponding author: Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh, Posvar Hall 4D10, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260. Email: email@example.com, fax: 412-648-3011, tele: 412-648-7072.


The McMordie Ranch and Hale Ranch fields produce from multiple stratigraphic traps representing several depositional environments. The fields, located in the southwestern Anadarko basin northeast of the Amarillo uplift, are traversed by the prominent northwest-southeast-trending Lips fault. Major down-to-the-northeast displacement along this fault during the Early Pennsylvanian affected deposition of the lower and middle Morrow. The McMordie Ranch field produces from multiple stratigraphic traps in the lower and upper Morrow, Cherokee granite wash, and Douglas sandstones on the downthrown side of the Lips fault. The producing lower Morrow sandstone, which occurs only on the downthrown side, reaches a maximum net-pay thickness of 34 ft (10.4 m). This sand facies appears to be a beach or offshore bar, 1 mi (1.6 km) wide and 2 mi (3.2 km) long, deposited parallel to a shoreline controlled by the Lips fault. In the upper Morrow, two distinct reservoir facies are recognized--point bars and stream mouth bars, which were deposited on a southeast-sloping delta plain. The lower Cherokee Group contains two productive granite wash sandstones, which were deposited near the distal north edge of a fan-delta complex sourced from the Amarillo Mountain uplift. The productive sections are each 8-14 ft (2.4-4.3 m) thick with variable porosity development. The shallowest reservoir in the field is the lower Douglas sandstone, an east-west-trending channel sandstone, 10-15 ft (3-4.5 m) thick and approximately 0.5 mi (0.8 km) wide. The one-well Hale Ranch field produces from the Lower Mississippian Kinderhook sandstone in a fault block on the upthrown side of the Lips fault. This 16-ft (5-m) thick sandstone averaging 10% porosity is interpreted as a northwest-southeast-trending barrier bar encased in shale. Characteristically, this sand shows an excellent SP deflection, despite a high gamma-ray reading due to the thorium content in the sand. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1316------------


ABSTRACT One of the issues in the local political economy literature revolves around the advantages of a centralized system of government versus a decentralized system of metropolitan governance with overlapping jurisdictions. Supporters of the creation of suburban communities within metropolitan areas suggest that a decentralized system creates a quasi-marketplace amongst suburban communities where residents and businesses as a whole benefit from a more attractive bundle of public services. The success of this type of system has traditionally been evaluated based on criteria such as efficiency, equity, and political feasibility. We turn the logic of metropolitan fragmentation/overlapping jurisdictions inward to explore theoretically whether the creation of Community Benefits Districts (CBDs) can similarly achieve efficient service delivery benefits for residents and businesses in inner cities, while also including equity and political feasibility in service provision as additional evaluative criteria. CBDs are new city sub-districts whose residents and businesses both agree to pay an additional property tax in order to receive supplemental public services such as safety, garbage collection, and economic development. We then attempt to apply the concepts of efficiency, equity, and political feasibility to a case study of a Baltimore sub-district. INTRODUCTION The Local Political Economy of Inner City Neighborhoods: Theory and Application In recent years we have witnessed a decline in the vitality of our inner cities. The factors attributed to inner city decline are varied, and are often ideologically based, creating a somewhat bitter discourse between various schools of thought as to what to do about urban problems. While our inner cities have declined, our many metropolitan regions seem to have thrived. Why is this the case, and what can we learn about the metropolitan experience that might be useful in attempting to create a thriving environment within our inner cities? Scholars, journalists, and elected officials as well as others concerned about our inner cities have struggled with what to do about inner city decline, while at the same time attempting to avoid disrupting the overall vitality of \ metropolitan areas. Two schools of thought seem to have emerged in this struggle to aid inner cities. The first school, largely made up of traditional metropolitan reformists, suggests that the solution to urban problems is metropolitan government. The second school, largely made up of public ; choice scholars, suggests the solution to urban problems is a system of metropolitan governance characterized by numerous local governments with overlapping jurisdictions. Those in the traditional metropolitan reformist school argue that one reason inner cities have not been able to thrive is because they can no longer grow the way they once could before they became surrounded by suburban communities. Those in this school also suggest that suburban communities go as far as to exploit inner cities, while also creating great inequities between the experiences of suburban residents and their inner city counterparts (Jones, 1953; Wood, 1958; Hill, 1974). As a means for solving these problems, these scholars call for metropolitan government, characterized by large bureaucratic organizations that govern metropolitan regions. According to these scholars, metropolitan government diminishes fragmentation and, therefore, reduces conflict, increases efficiency, and enhances equity between and among the various communities within a metropolitan area. The public choice school suggests that numerous local governments with overlapping jurisdictions create a more efficient and equitable system of governance for metropolitan regions than a system characterized by a Leviathan organization (Bickers and Williams, 2001). Public choice theorists suggest that a metropolitan system composed of many local governments creates a quasi-marketplace in which the various governments compete with one another to offer the best and most efficient overall bundle of services to citizens, all to the benefit of metropolitan residents in general. …


The invention provides a synthetic method of an efinaconazole intermediate. In a reactive solvent, a chemical compound (2) is subjected to asymmetric ammonolysis reaction under the catalysis of aminopherase to obtain a chemical compound (1), which is the efinaconazole intermediate, and the response equation is as shown in the description. Compared with the prior art that the synthetic procedures of the efinaconazole intermediate are multiple and the synthetic process is complex, the synthetic method of the efinaconazole intermediate, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the intermediate product can be synthesized through one step, the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, low in cost, high in yield, good in product quality, and suitable for large-scale industrial production.


Object To investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters of Musk Protecting Heart Pellets with pH-dependent gradient-release (MPHP-pH) and Musk Protecting Heart Pills (MPHP). Methods The cardiac muscle nutritional blood flow in rat was measured as effective index. Results It was one-compartment model when the rat was ig MPHP. The minimal effecting dose was 0.54 mg/kg, the present half-life, the elimination half-life, medicinal effect and the peak time of effective action were 0.53, 1.21, 3.48 and 1.13 h, respectively. The absorption half-life, elimination half-life and peak time of effective dose were 0.23, 1.47 and 0.88 h, respectively. Statistical moment analysis showed that the mean residence time mean residence time (MRT) of effective action were 5.05 h for MPHP-pH and 2.33 h for MPHP, the MRT of effective dose were 7.70 h for MPHP-pH and 3.21 h for MPHP. The relative bioavailability of effective dose for MPHP-pH was 104.03%. Conclusion MPHP has the characteristics of fast absorption, fast eliminationand short effective action time. Whereas MPHP-pH has the characteristics of fast absorption, protonged and relaxed effective action compared with MPHP.


OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of different herb composition on content of aconitine in Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction.METHODS:On the basis of Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction,different prescriptions were made up and different deˉcocting technics were adopted,then the content of aconitine was determined with UV-spectrophotometry.RESULTS:The content of aconitine in mixture of decoctions of single herb decreased about20%and the content of aconitine in the decoction of combined herbs decreased about45%compared with that in decoction of single Aconite.Combination of Asarum with Aconite showed no influence on the content of aconitine.CONCLUSION:Rhubarb can control the toxicity of Aconite in Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction.


Objetive: To perform a review of Essex-Lopresti syndrome or longitudinal instability of the forearm, since, although it is an uncommon condition, it goes unnoticed in the emergency room. The implication of the interbone membrane in this condition is essential to understand its pathogenic bases and for instituting any type of treatment. A review is performed of the existing publications about the concept, epidemiology, diagnosis and pathogenesis, focusing particularly on the impaired biomechanics of the interbone membrane as the cause of the persistent condition and its harmful consequences.


Abstract : A parametric study was conducted to determine the effects of maneuverability requirements on the design characteristics of rotors and wings for helicopters. The study was performed for both single-rotor helicopters and single-rotor winged helicopters. Study results indicate that for typical UTTAS configurations, both winged and pure helicopters, designed for equal maneuvering capability, had equal payload capability. Therefore, for equal maneuvering capability, there was no discernible difference in weight or overall size. Winged configurations were more limited in their ability to achieve low (i.e., near zero) g, high-speed, maneuvering flight due to the difficulty in reducing wing lift sufficiently.


sophie donnet is an assistant professor of statistics at Université Paris-Dauphine since 2007, after having studied mathematics and statistics at University Paris-Sud, Orsay. Her research interests include the inference of dynamical systems (ODE or SDE models, branching processes), the con struction or elicitation of prior distributions in Bayesian context with appli cation to reliability, food risks, neuroimaging.


Due to the crisis lived in Mali since 2012, due to a non-international armed conflict between the government and different armed groups, the Security Council of the United Nations Organization declared that the situation in Mali constituted a threat to international peace and security. This led to the military intervention in Mali by France. This article aims to analyse the arguments with which the French government attempted to justify its intervention in order to determine if those arguments are legal or not.


An alternate simplified derivation of Friedland's two-stage Kalman estimator is given for a somewhat more general class of problems than considered by Friedland. Friedland's result is also extended to encompass two variations on the basic idea which are of practical interest.


AbstractDisparities in worker risk tolerance may create barriers to implementing safety management systems and improving safety performance. At present, it is unclear if and to what extent construc...


AbstractWe analyse the dependent relationship between technical efficiency and profitability of commercial banks in Spain, using multivariate techniques, such as factorial, cluster and discrimination analyses. Efficiency measurements are obtained by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), incorporating size and management-related variables as inputs and outputs. Efficiency and super-efficiency coefficients are obtained for each bank and conclusions are made concerning the existence of differing levels of profitability according to the efficiency level with which the banks are managed.


Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the reality of today's architecture. Building Information Modelling (BIM) technique is a great opportunity for communication and data management in virtual space. BIM cloud-based collaboration provides up-to-date information, where project data is at the centre of the process and delivered to the point of the work, makes building workflows more efficient and effective, especially combined with the representational, analytic, and reality capture capabilities. The powerful computer hardware and software can store, transmit and evaluate huge amount of information, but this virtual universe sometimes seems to be too much and too complicated for architects, engineers and contractors (AEC) as single individuals.
Widespread awareness of climate change, pollution, depletion of natural resources and huge amount of technical opportunities on global market have triggered professional demands for architects, in sustainable design. Adaptation is a crucial factor in sustainable architecture. Adequacy of decisions depends on the data applied. Systematization of all relevant information, aspects and tools from the very first design step is a crucial part of contemporary architecture.
Building design and construction use significant quantities of natural resources and materials and the products we select affect the quality of the spaces we inhabit. Careful consideration of environment and construction parameters from the earliest stage of the design process can have an enormous impact on reducing subsequent operating costs, protecting the nature and our health.
Sustainability in architectural design can be more effective based on a newly developing BIM managed integrated multilevel complex approach and database. It should consist of construction and material parameters, requirements and their qualification fitted to the design steps and systemized according to the performance based evaluation and building anatomy.


Introduction Vaccines are one of the greatest achievements in the history of public health, having been credited for saving millions of lives across the globe.1 The World Health Organisation has long spoken out on the behalf of the safety of vaccines, leaving no room for doubt as to their vastly positive effect.2 Yet, a new-found wave of anti-vaccination movements has been on the rise in recent years under the guise of religious objections. Questions have arisen as to whether mind should be paid to such claims and, predominantly, as to the circumstances under which religious freedom and the right to parental control can and ought to be restricted when they pose a threat to the protection of health. With vaccines constituting the most crucial and critical part of today's quality health care, an intrinsic obligation is carried by the States to show the utmost respect for the fundamental rights of the people and the minorities, as enshrined in the Convention of Human Rights. Therefore, the European Court of Human Rights is expected to properly balance the conflicting interests, as it always does, when delivering its judgement on suchlike 'sensitive' cases. Although it is in the interest of society that all


LLELOPATHY has become a much more important phenomenon in biological control method of weeds in any kind of agricultural practices. So, the present study has been carried out to evaluate the allelopathic influence of the Lupinus leaf extract on biochemical constituents and enzymatic activities of the Portulaca oleracea L. plant. The obtained results indicate that induction of calmodulin (CaM), abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) levels in the P. oleracea plant under the effect of Lupinus leaf extract. Also, seed germination, total soluble sugars, total lipids, total amino acids and total protein contents were reduced in P. oleracea under treatment with Lupinus leaf extract. The extract induced the activities of both α-amylase and IAA oxidase but inhibited the activities of nitrate reductase (EC, 22.214.171.124), glutamine synthetase (EC, 184.108.40.206) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC, 126.96.36.199). Thus, allelopathic extract of the L. termis may be used as eco-friendly natural herbicide for management of the P. oleracea.


Through dialysis of the existing problems in the vocational students' scientiifc research ability, this article analyzes from ideology, curriculum reform, university-enterprise cooperation, the establishment of the incentive mechanism as a key process of cultivating the ability of scientiifc research, and accordingly brings forward a series of feasible countermeasures based on the analysis.


Absent the profit motivations of the corporate sector, the traditional conventions of evaluating the fiscal performance of public service organizations have been considerably subjective or overly simplistic. In this study we explore methods of management-oriented cost analysis (MOCA) that can help quantify the portion of program expenditures that are potentially responsive to management control. We discuss how institutional factors have undermined the development of MOCA in the public sector and U.S. trial courts in particular. We then propose four general steps to public-sector applications of MOCA and use expenditure data from the New York State trial courts to demonstrate how MOCA can help court administrators to investigate possible cost-saving strategies without comprising service quality.


Grafton Road, Auckland, photographed in 1858. Shows a road on a hillside and houses alongside. Photographer unidentified.
Quantity: 1 b&w copy negative(s).
Physical Description: Film copy negative


Operational activities of firms accumulate over time and adversely impact the environment, which, in turn, threaten the earth's ecosystem and sustainable development agendas. Both internal- and external-specific pressures may play a crucial part in a firm's decision to conform to environmental accountability practices (EAP). This paper examines the associations between institutional isomorphic forces and EAP among environmentally sensitive firms in Ghana. A representative sample of 166 environmentally sensitive firms were randomly selected and included in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant data for the analysis. Multiple regression models estimated the hypothesized crude and adjusted associations between EAP and isomorphic factors (mimetic, normative and coercive pressures). Initial adjustment with the isomorphic factors revealed significant associations of mimetic pressure which arises when companies engage in competition seeking superior performance and normative force with EAP but not coercive. A further control for the firm's characteristics found a strong association of normative pressure with EAP. The findings suggest that mimetic and normative pressures may be essential in an attempt to stimulate EAP among environmentally sensitive firms in Ghana. Our results are broadly consistent with the predictions of institutional theory as it applies to EAP. Efforts to ensure environmental reporting among firms should strengthen normative and mimetic forces, particularly in the low- and middle-income settings.


Facial nerve schwannoma occurring within the parotid gland is a rare tumor. Schwannomas of the parotid gland are rare neoplasms with the incidence being 0.2 % to 1.5 %. Schwannoma is a slow-growing encapsulated tumor of neuroectodermal derivation that originates from the Schwann cells of the neural sheath. Many patients present with a painless, palpable facial mass. The presence of facial nerve paralysis is variable. Schwannoma of the parotid gland is rare and may be mistaken as pleomorphic adenoma. Cytological features such as small fascicles of cells and wavy spindle-shaped nuclei are helpful to distinguish this tumor from pleomorphic adenoma. Herewith, we have presented a case of Facial nerve schwannoma in a 36-year-old male patient who presented to surgery OPD with complaints of swelling in front of the ear in the parotid region (right cheek) for 10 years.


Persons living with HIV (PLWH) may represent a highrisk group for COVID-19. The impaired immunological status and the higher rates of comorbidities because of chronic inflammation may represent additional risk factors in this population. Moreover, the proportion of elderly, a well recognized high-risk category for COVID19, is increasing among PLWH due to efficacy of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART).


Following trials that showed male circumcision (MC) reduces the risk of heterosexual men acquiring HIV, MC is now recommended in comprehensive HIV prevention packages for populations with a heterosexual, generalised epidemic and where most men are not circumcised. The 'Acceptability of Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Papua New Guinea (PNG)' study is being undertaken to investigate the acceptability and feasibility of MC for HIV prevention in this South Pacific nation.

Both men and women participated in structured questionnaires, individual interviews and/or focus group discussions about MC practices and the acceptability of MC for HIV prevention. Sites for this study included two universities, a mine site and an oil palm plantation.
Possible implications of MC for HIV prevention were explored with both men and women. Participants reported a wide variety of traditional and contemporary penile cutting practices. Most non-circumcised men wishing to be
circumcised reported a desire for medical personnel to perform the circumcision. Implications of MC reported by men included: possible increase in number of sexual partners and reduced use of condoms post circumcision. Women's concerns included: increasing the number of sexual partners for men (including outside of marital relationships) and decreased power to negotiate sexual encounters.

The acceptability of MC for HIV prevention in these sample groups appears to be high. The impact of MC on men's condom use, possible sexual disinhibition and potential negative impacts reported by women need to be investigated in specific locations considering MC as a potential intervention to reduce HIV throughout PNG.


Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from a normalized cDNA library of the date palm cv. Sukary to uncover the transcriptomic profile of this well-known high-quality variety in Saudi Arabia. The RNA was isolated from leaves and developed fruits at different stages from a single Sukary female tree. Total RNA was pooled and the normalized cDNA were cloned into a pAL17.3 cloning vector. The positives clones were sequenced using BigDye® Terminator chemistry. A total of 6943 high quality ESTs were generated, out of which 6671 ESTs were submitted to Gene bank dbEST (LIBEST_028537). The generated ESTs were assembled into 6362 unigenes, consisting of 494 (14.4%) contigs and 5868 (84.53%) singletons. The functional annotation showed that the majority of the ESTs were associated with binding (44%), catalytic (40%), transporter (5%) and structural molecular activities (5%). The Blastx results showed that 73% of the unigenes have significant similarities to known plant genes and 27% were novel. The latter could be of particular interest in date palm genetic studies. Further analysis showed that some ESTs were categorized as stress/defense and fruit development related genes. These newly generated ESTs could significantly enhance date palm EST databases that are in the public domain and are available to scientists and researchers across the globe.


The bluish-black spots of lipid-containing materials stained with a saturated solution of Sudan black B in 55% ethanol were found to fade and change color to brownish-pink shades in 5 min if exposed to ultraviolet light. Spots that were exposed to daylight for 6 hr on a sunny day lost 14% of their original color intensity but the decrease was less on cloudy days. Exposure to H2S initiated fading and color change in 2 hr. Exposure to HCl vapors restored the original color but not its intensity. Spots kept in darkness and wrapped airtight showed a decline of 2.5% in color intensity after 96 hr and no obvious color change. The speed and extent of change of color and fading of the various fractions of the dye separated by means of paper chromatography were different. Heat coagulated serum proteins were stained blue with commercial Sudan black B solution in 55% ethanol.


Sediment transport in pipes is an effective engineering measure used to reallocate water–sediment resources and is widely used in reservoir flooding and sediment discharging, river dredging, floodplain area deposition, as well as other projects. An experimental investigation of sediment transport in pressurized pipes, with heterogeneous sediment (d50 = 107 μm) of the lower Yellow River as the experimental material, is presented. This study mainly explored the change law of sediment transport and sorting in pressure pipes with an internal diameter of 0.08 m. The experimental results reveal that the presence of sediment significantly changed the distribution of the flow velocity field. At the same flow rate, the velocity of the lower water body with a high sediment concentration decreased, while that of the upper water body increased. At a low water flow rate, the increase in sediment concentration caused an asymmetric distribution of the cross-sectional velocity. The vertical concentration decreased in height, and the obvious stratification of vertical sediment particles was observed. With the increase in the flow rate, the asymmetry of the velocity distribution significantly decreased, the concentration profile tended towards being uniformly distributed along the vertical direction, and the separation effect of the sediment particles weakened.


By calculation of the system dynamic equations under non-balance adsorption condition, such curves as curve of adsorber temperature vs time, curve of condensing temperature vs time, curve of momentary refrigeration power vs time and p-t-x curve of adsorber are obtained. The calculation models are verified after these curves are compared with experimental data. According to calculation result, influences of some design parameters, which include heat transfer coefficient, mass of heating and cooling medium inside adsorber, specific heat of heat and cooling medium, on p-t-x diagram, SCP and COP are discussed, and the mechanism of the influences is analyzed. In addition,such operating parameters affecting p-t-x diagram as heat source temperature, cooling water temperature and cycle time, are also discussed. The work has laid a foundation for optimum operation and optimum design of a continuous heat recovery adsorption air-conditioning system/heat pump.


This paper first gives an introduction to the basic contents of profit-sharing system and the development of this theory. Then it makes a further analysis on macro-efficiency and micro-efficiency of profit-sharing system. On the basis of that, together with the policies and practices in various countries, this paper presents its own viewpoints on the adaptability of the profit-sharing system in China.


This article describes the dynamic linking of three software packages to allow spatial data analysis within one single software environment. The work presented here is an extension into a third direction of an existing link: The statistical computing environment XploRe has been added to the bidirectional link between the Geographic Information System (GIS) ArcView 3.0 and the dynamic statistical graphics (DSG) program XGobi. This article presents information about the technical realization of the link and provides an example how to conduct spatial data analysis in the ArcView/XGobi/XploRe environment.


An Abstract This article is an attempt to bring in light the theme of psychological problems in Pinter's dramatic world. One is attracted to Pinter for his deep awareness of the precarious human psyche and the treatment of basic issues in his plays. From the very beginning of his career as a playwright Pinter has been very popular and his plays have received considerable critical attention which is neatly touched upon here in this paper.


The molecular basis of δβ thalassaemia in an Indian family is shown here to be due to a previously undescribed deletion within the β globin gene complex. Starting 3 kilobases from the 3' end of the Aγ gene, the deletion removes the δ and β globin genes and continues to an unknown extent in the 3' direction. Heterozygotes for this deletion have about 25% Hb F with a Gγ: Aγ ratio of 70:30 while interaction with β+ thalassaemia results in the clinical picture of thalassaemia intermedia.


Abstract The objective of the present paper is to investigate the effect of including the tool probe in the numerical modelling of three-dimensional heat flow in friction stir welding (FSW). The heat flow close to the probe/matrix interface is investigated. In the models presented, the heat is forced to flow around the 'probe hole'. In this manner, the material flow through the probe region, which often characterises other thermal models of FSW, is avoided. This necessitates controlling the convective heat flow by prescribing the velocity field in the narrow shear layer at the tool/matrix interface. As a consequence the sliding, sticking, or partial sliding/sticking condition can be modelled. Six cases are established, which are represented by three stages of refinement of the heat source model, combined with two different contact conditions, i.e. full sliding and full sticking.


One of the most successful developments in dentistry has been the meteoric rise of bonded veneers. It is a layer of tooth coloured material that is applied to a tooth for esthetically restoring localized or generalized defects or intrinsic discolouration. Newer techniques and materials make conservative dentistry a reality, with the esthetic results readily visible to and greatly appreciated by, the patient. Currently, the most conservative and esthetic restoration that can be used for improving smile is Porcelain laminate veneers. This article highlights the esthetic correction of young patients with enamel hypoplasia, midline diastema and peg laterals using porcelain laminate veneers


The poly(ethylene terephthalate) thin films were exposed to vapour of ethylenediamine for treatment times of 10, 15, 17, 20 and 30 min in order to modify the structure of their surface. The presence of amine and amide groups make possible the further derivatization of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) films due to ability of these units to react with isocyanates, expoxides, esters, phosphorus trichloride. The experimental Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflexion (FTIR-ATR) spectra provided information related to the changes in the chemical structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) after each step of treatment. The FTIR ATR analysis was performed in a wide range of wavenumber 400-3000 cm -1 paying particular attention to typical CH 2, C=O, amide I, amide II and ester vibrations.


Photosynthesis is a process taking place in visible light and involving a reaction between two colorless substances, carbon dioxide and water, which gives rise to carbohydrates. The process is made possible in visible light by the presence of chlorophyll, the chief coloring matter of green plants. The function of chlorophyll can be revealed only by a study of the process when different amounts of chlorophyll are present. This condition is made possible by applying appropriate culture methods to the unicellular green alga Chlorella. Chlorella cells may be produced which show all degrees of greenness but which are normal in other respects. A study of their capacity for photosynthesis at different concentrations of chlorophyll per unit volume of cells, using different light intensities and temperatures, indicates that chlorophyll plays the part of a chemical reactant in photosynthesis as well as being the absorber of energy in the form of visible light, which furnishes the driving force for the process.


Purpose: The relatively high level of additive noise in active matrix flat‐panel imagers (AMFPIs) leads to significant loss of DQE under conditions of low exposures per frame and/or high spatial frequencies. One promising method for dealing with such performance loss involves in‐pixel signal amplification through incorporation of additional circuitry to each pixel — a concept generally referred to as an active pixel sensor. In this presentation, an examination of performance levels that can be achieved with active pixel sensors based on thin‐film electronics will be presented. Method and Materials: Calculations of the DQE of various active pixel sensor designs were performed using the cascaded systems formalism. Inputs to the calculations come from empirical measurements, published data, analytic calculations, and results derived from detailed circuit simulations. The calculations were performed for a series of designs, under fluoroscopic irradiation conditions, and using various readout protocols. Results: Our model calculations indicate that, under conditions of low exposure and/or high spatial frequency, substantial DQE restoration can be achieved via a combination of in‐pixel amplification circuitry and correlated double sampling protocols — each specifically selected to eliminate specific noise contributions. In particular, it appears feasible to reduce thermal noise associated with the pixel reset TFT and preamplifier noise to negligible levels and thereby increase DQE. However, the degree of performance improvement that can be practically realized will also depend upon the quality and properties of the thin film transistors used in the pixel circuit as well as selection of circuits that will yield well in manufacture. Conclusion: The degree of performance improvement made possible through array architectures comprising active pixel sensors is critically dependent on many factors including the properties of the transistors, the engineering rules governing pixel and array design, the choice of pixel circuit, and the method of array readout.


If one believes the overwhelming weight of scientific opinion, humankind is causing the Earth's climate to heat at such a rate that life as we know it will be drastically changed a few decades from now. Some deny the anthropocentric source of climate change, but there are far fewer denialists of the fact that species extinction is significantly higher now than in past epochs, and that this is undoubtedly due to human pressures. Many scientists are warning that water availability is becoming ever more critical and the supply of water that is useful to humans is under increasing pressure. Furthermore, it is not just environmental concerns that are dominating the headlines. In many parts of the world, civil unrest is symptomatic of many people's intolerance of undemocratic rule and systems of government that are often centuries old. In those parts of the world that are not faced with civil unrest, people are attempting to claw themselves out of a major economic meltdown. At the time of writing, people in Europe are on tenterhooks about the so-called Eurozone crisis. Environment, politics and economics - nothing is stable in 2012. Does this not suggest a major rethink of how we do things is required?


In tracing his career in the Toronto art community, Paikowsky points out Rayner's early interest in collage. The constructed paintings of this exhibition, however, are a departure from the large-scale wood constructions and abstract landscape paintings of that early work. These new pieces, produced from 1983 to 1985 are assemblages of found objects unified by layers of paint, of intimate scale and delicate colour. Hans Arp, Jasper Johns and especially Giorgio Morandi are seen as influences. Biographical notes.


Preterm birth rates are increasing and now account for >11% of global births. Simultaneously, advances in neonatal care have led to increased survival of lower gestation neonates. A complication of preterm birth, and the biggest determinant of survival, is lung and airway immaturity. After preterm birth, the immature respiratory system is exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli like injury from resuscitation and oxygen toxicity. The airway epithelium, the physical barrier between insults and the airways, is particularly vulnerable to injury. If epithelial barrier integrity cannot be restored rapidly following damage (i.e. via aberrant repair), the respiratory system is left unprotected, increasing the risk of infection, inflammation and tissue damage. Altered epithelial repair may play an important role in the ongoing respiratory health problems experienced by preterm survivors, including severe respiratory infections throughout early life, or low and declining lung function [1–3]. Deficits are further exacerbated in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The mechanisms contributing to ongoing respiratory problems are currently unknown, although probably begin in early life. Until now, understanding the role of the preterm epithelial barrier has been limited by a lack of appropriate cellular models. Our study aimed to assess the reparative capacity of the airway epithelium in survivors of preterm birth and its association with early life outcomes, with the hypothesis that preterm airway epithelial cells have an abnormal repair mechanism. Nasal epithelial cells from very preterm infants have a functional defect in their ability to repair beyond the first year of life, and failed repair may be associated with antenatal steroid exposure https://bit.ly/39OFJs7


In order to determine the particulate concrete and mortar in the model test,the paper conducts the test match experiment on the concrete and mortar,and chooses the best mix proportion to build the model.After constructing the model,the rebound method is used to test the model.The result reveals that the particulate concrete and mortar is the most appropriate match to select to meet the strength grade requirement.


Illicit bustle which leads to engender money needs to be valet. Where there is such commotion there
will be money decontamination. Banking Fraud is one of such ground offence that may serve as the starting point
of money laundering. As money laundering encompasses under its ambit several means of deceiving any
institution for financial gains. While it includes credit/debit card fraud, identity theft, wilful loan defaulting,
cheque fraud, fake currency etc, the potential for such fraud is amplified due to the fact that most of the banking
operations are now taking place online. This gives money laundering a new dimension as the requirement of
physically moving the proceeds of crime is avoided. The potential of cyberspace only serves to make the
perpetrators bold with internet banking services being available to serve both honest and criminal intentions.
Countering money laundering has been difficult due to the non-cooperation between the teams/individuals that
monitor banking fraud and the group that is focused on Anti-money laundering. "This research will look into the
rising instances of hoax and the resulting crimes. The paper reflects the apathy and the loopholes that exist in the
banking industry. It is high time that we join the dots and tackle money laundering and banking fraud not as two
separate and distinct offences but like one complete unit.


This paper proposes two CUDA based implementations to speed up the model building process for DSMGA-II, which has shown superior optimization ability to hBOA and LT-GOMEA on various benchmark problems. The first implementation is lossless, which is algorithmically identical to the original version. The second implementation is lossy, which sacrifices some accuracy for further speedup. On several commonly used benchmark problems, the proposed implementations are stable. As the problems become larger, the amount of speedup increases accordingly. The lossless scheme speeds up the first part of model building for more than ten times; the lossy implementation further speeds up the second part of model building for more than 400 times on a 600-bit folded-trap problem. The limitation of such implementations are also discussed in detail in this paper.


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Editor's note: Candidate biographies, position statements and AAP election rules are available on MyAAP, www.aap.org/moc (login required).

As he headed to college, James M. Perrin wasn't sure what he wanted to do for a living. He only knew whom he wanted to help.

Years


The structure of semi-magic Ni-70(28)42 was investigated following complementary multinucleon-transfer and secondary fragmentation reactions. Changes to the higher-spin, presumed negative-parity states based on observed gamma-ray coincidence relationships result in better agreement with shell-model calculations using effective interactions in the neutron f(5/2)pg(9/2) model space. The second 2(+) and (4(+)) states, however, can only be successfully described when proton excitations across the Z = 28 shell gap are included. Monte Carlo shell-model calculations suggest that the latter two states are part of a prolate-deformed intruder sequence, establishing an instance of shape coexistence at low excitation energies similar to that observed recently in neighboring Ni-68.


The embodiment of the invention provides a communication tower remote-monitoring system, which comprises a sensor, a data acquisition module, a first communication module, a second communication module and a central control host, wherein the sensor is arranged on a communication tower, and is used for acquisition the structure response data of the communication tower, and transmitting the acquired structure response data to the data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is connected with the sensor, and forwards the structure response data of the communication tower to the first communication module; the first communication module is connected with the data acquisition module, and is used for transmitting acquired data from the data acquisition module to the second communication module; the acquired data comprises the structure response data of the communication tower; the second communication module is connected with the central control host, and is used for receiving the acquired data from the first communication module, and forwarding the acquired data to the central control host; and the central control host is used for analyzing the structure response data, in the received acquired data, of the communication tower to realize the remote monitoring of the communication tower. The embodiment of the invention can remotely monitor the working state of the communication tower in real time.


Cascade impactor and general air ore dust measurements were taken in a uranium processing mill in order to characterize the airborne activity, the degree of equilibrium, the particle size distribution and the respirable fraction for the /sup 238/U chain nuclides. The sampling locations were selected to limit the possibility of cross contamination by airborne dusts originating in different process areas of the mill. The reliability of the modified impactor and measurement techniques was ascertained by duplicate sampling. The results reveal no significant deviation from secular equilibrium in both airborne and bulk ore samples for the /sup 234/U and /sup 230/Th nuclides. In total airborne dust measurements, the /sup 226/Ra and /sup 210/Pb nuclides were found to be depleted by 20 and 25%, respectively. Bulk ore samples showed depletions of 10% for the /sup 226/Ra and /sup 210/Pb nuclides. Impactor samples show disequilibrium of /sup 226/Ra as high as +-50% for different size fractions. In these samples the /sup 226/Ra ratio was generally found to increase as particle size decreased. Activity median aerodynamic diameters of the airborne dusts ranged from 5 to 30 ..mu..m with a median diameter of 11 ..mu..m. The maximum respirable fraction for the ore dusts, based on the proposed International Commission on Radiological Protection's (ICRP) definition of pulmonary deposition, was < 15% of the total airborne concentration. Ore dust parameters calculated for impactor duplicate samples were found to be in excellent agreement.


The X ray computed tomography (X-CT) was applied to test the cracking resistance of cement paste, and the hydration process was monitored to study the effect of fly ash on the early age cracking performance. The results showed that the hydration heat reduced with the increase of fly ash under the same water-cement ratio. Within 24h, the porosity increased with time. The addition of fly ash increased the proportion of large holes and then changed the internal stress state. Using X-CT test method and by comparing the number of cracks, the sample with 20% FA was found to have the most serious cracks, whereas the sample with 30% FA had the best crack resistance.


Deaf children are often marginalised in countries in the Global South, deprived of opportunities to access education through their L1, a sign language. We discuss a Storymakers project, adapting a multiliteracies resource from Finland brought into a program in four locations in Ghana (1), India (2) and Uganda (1). Taking an ethnographic perspective we investigate how the children's semiotic repertoires were expressed through diverse multimodalities, and what experiences and understandings of multiliteracies learning and teaching were enacted. Diverse findings demonstrate how the project was adapted and taken up by children and their teachers, leveraging multimodal capacities. This research provides support for the notion of semiotic repertoires as an inclusive notion and for a flexible approach to multiliteracies pedagogies.


In this paper, we propose a new non-monotone line search algorithm for unconstrained optimization problems. We incorporate the proposed non-monotone strategy in (3) into an inexact Wolfe-type line search approach to construct a more relaxed line search procedure. The global convergence is subsequently proved under some mild classical assumptions.


War has never been kind to human environment and human health. Trough out history, warfare hasbeen associated with death, disease, pollution and destruction of the environment The Human Rights Law and Humanitarian Law does not protect the Environment directly, so that the protection of those isstill weak


Designing a mobile-oriented environment for professional and practical training requires determining the stable (fundamental) and mobile (technological) components of its content and determining the appropriate model for specialist training. In order to determine the ratio of fundamental and technological in the content of software engineers' training, a retrospective analysis of the first model of training software engineers developed in the early 1970s was carried out and its compliance with the current state of software engineering development as a field of knowledge and a new the standard of higher education in Ukraine, specialty 121 "Software Engineering". It is determined that the consistency and scalability inherent in the historically first training program are largely consistent with the ideas of evolutionary software design. An analysis of its content also provided an opportunity to identify the links between the training for software engineers and training for computer science, computer engineering, cybersecurity, information systems and technologies. It has been established that the fundamental core of software engineers' training should ensure that students achieve such leading learning outcomes: to know and put into practice the fundamental concepts, paradigms and basic principles of the functioning of language, instrumental and computational tools for software engineering; know and apply the appropriate mathematical concepts, domain methods, system and object-oriented analysis and mathematical modeling for software development; put into practice the software tools for domain analysis, design, testing, visualization, measurement and documentation of software. It is shown that the formation of the relevant competencies of future software engineers must be carried out in the training of all disciplines of professional and practical training.


The author's aim is to present a study which determines the role of a chantress in ancient Egypt. Although both men and women were known to hold the title, it is the women that form the focus of this study. The number of people that held the title of chantress, and a previous lack of research means a relatively large proportion of the population of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate period have been neglected, owing to the lesser status of the position compared to more high-ranking, and thus well-researched titles. This study offers an impression of the chantress as a more diverse title than has previously been imagined, taking into account and defining the differences between musical and linguistic roles.


The strengths of certain window glass types, window glass constructions, and window glass treatments are poorly understood by the windowglassdesign community. Many assumptions are employed in defin...


High-precision optical elements are used in various fields. Ultraprecise aspherical mirrors that offer nanofocusing and high coherence are used to concentrate high-brightness X-rays in developing third-generation synchrotron radiation facilities. In industry, extreme ultraviolet (wavelength: 13.5 nm) lithography, which is used to fabricate semiconductor devices, uses high-accuracy aspherical mirrors for its projection optical systems. The demand for rapid progress in nanomeasurement technologies is increasing because it is difficult to realize next-generation ultraprecise mirrors with the required precision by conventional processing. The measuring method itself requires superhigh precision. We developed an innovative nanoprofiler that can directly measure the figure of high-accuracy mirrors without using a reference surface. The principle of our measuring method is to determine the normal vectors by causing the optical paths of the incident and reflected light at the measurement point to coincide; it is based on the straightness of laser light and the accuracy of rotational goniometers. From the acquired normal vectors and their coordinates, the three-dimensional shape is calculated by a reconstruction algorithm. We measured concave spherical mirrors and compared the results with those using a Fizeau interferometer. The profiles of the mirrors were consistent within the range of error in their middle portions. In addition, we evaluated the performance of an airflow control unit by measuring a concave spherical mirror. This unit suppressed the influence of environmental change, and drastically improved the repeatability.


Affiliation, on the other hand, fills the legislative egocentrism. Compensation, despite the fact that there are many bungalows for accommodation, mandatory controls exciton. Based on this approval, the text acquires the knowledge of the reaction divergent series. The idea (pathos) integrates the Poisson integral. Perceptions of co-creation, thus catalyzes an indoor PML risk drives efalizumab off the market for psoriasis.(SKIN DISORDERS)(progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)(Report): An article from: Family Practice News [HTML] [Digital] by Denise Napoli water park.


Systems and methods of bad pixel cluster detection are disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a bad pixel correction module coupled to receive image data and adapted to perform a bad pixel cluster detection process. The bad pixel correction module includes logic to determine whether two test pixels have values that exceed a representative value of a group of surrounding pixels by more than a threshold amount. The threshold amount is determined via a table lookup.


Abstract Free radical homopolymerization with methylated β-cyclodextrin (CD) complexed myrcene (1a) and co-polymerization of 1a with diethyl fumarate (2a) and styrene (3a) were carried out using redox initiator in aqueous media at room temperature. Control experiments showed that uncomplexed myrcene (1) does not polymerize under similar conditions in water. The polymers obtained were characterized by means of 1H/13C-NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). Additionally, Nisopropylacrylamide containing copolymer was synthesized in water using redox initiator and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behaviour was studied.


16 Background: We estimated second cancer (SC) risk following radical prostate cancer (PC) treatment and evaluated if the risk was influenced by treatment. Methods: We analyzed data from the Cancer Registry of Norway on all patients with PC (first cancer diagnosis) from 1997-2014. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for SC were calculated. Subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) were estimated in treatment groups (prostatectomy (RP) reference). Results: Median follow-up in 24155 radically treated patients was 6 and 4 years in the external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and RP-groups, respectively. SC-incidence was indifferent from that of the reference population in 24155 radically treated patients, higher following EBRT, SIR 1.06(1.01-1.12), and lower following RP, SIR 0.91(0.84-0.98). EBRT-patients had higher rectal and urinary bladder cancer incidences. Compared to RP, the EBRT-patients had a 38 % higher risk of any SC. Respective figures for rectal, urinary bladder and lung cancer: 72, 38, and 113%. Conclusions: EBRT-patients had a slightly higher SC-incidence than the general population. The rectal and urinary bladder cancer risk should be taken into account in follow-up after EBRT.[Table: see text]


Objective:To explore nursing measures about pulmonary ischemic complicated cyanosis congenital heart disease patients.Method:We had prepared for operation,adjust for favourable respiratory machine index,remove tube as soon as possible,accepted "V"shepe posture.Control suitable central veinous pressure.Prevented from complications.Result:3 died,other 1 case complicated with chylothorax and atelectasis,7 cases pleura infusion,all healed and discharged.Blood oxygen saturation raised from (73±7)% to (92±5)% with 1~38 months follow up.Conclusion:Good preparation suitable posture,early remove of tube,management of respiratory tract,stable circulation anticoagulation can ensure successful operation.


Background: The growing prevalence of obesity is increasingly recognized as one of the most important risk factors for the development of hypertension. Today the problem has started appearing even in developing countries like India. Tackling this epidemic of obesity and obesity-related hypertension requires studies specific for the local population as these vary according to ethnicity, lifestyles and dietary habits which differ among areas in India, for this reason a study was done in our hospital. Methods: The pediatric unit of Kerala Institute of Medical Science (KIMS), which is a referral multispecialty tertiary care hospital in private sector in south India catering to a population of 100 to 200 outpatient/day, children attending OPD between 5-15years were included in the study. Results: Pre-hypertension and hypertension was seen in 1% (2 out of 195) of normal and 0% (0 out of 30) of overweight and 60.9% (9 out of 14 obese children). P value was statistically significant indicating that there is strong association between BMI and blood pressure. Conclusions: There is strong association between BMI and blood pressure. Prevalence of obesity in children aged 5 to 15 years attending to the outpatient department in Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum is 9.2%. Prevalence of essential hypertension in children aged 5 to 15 years attending to the outpatient department in Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum is 2%.


Let DC be the class of subsets of R that is uncountable, co-uncountable and translation invariant modulo countable sets. In this paper we prove that no Borel sets belongs to DC (Theorem 3); no ∆ 1 2 sets belongs to DC if either every ∆2 set has the property of Baire or every ∆ 1 2 set is Lebesgue measurable (Theorem 4); and there is a ∆2 set in DC if every real number is constructible (Theorem 2).


Autism spectrum disorders are a group of developmental disorders, which display significant heterogeneity of symptoms. Besides the core symptoms, various comorbidities are common for individuals with autism. A growing body of evidence suggests dysfunction of autonomic nervous system within the ASD population. The detection of autonomic abnormalities could help in more personalized approach, which takes into account individual etiologic differences. It has also been suggested that interventions focused on autonomic function could possibly be beneficial for treatment of aggression, anxiety, as well as the core symptoms of autism.


ABSTRACT Dysmenorrhea is lower abdominal pain that is felt just before or during menstruation that can interfere with daily activities. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia in 2008 was 64.25%. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in female students of SMAN 2 in 2014. This research is an observational study with cross sectional approach. Sample was many 128 students were taken by simple random sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire as well as the scales of measuring instruments and gauges. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed using the chi-square test with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results of the research shown that proportion prevalence of dysmenorrhea in SMAN 2 in January to August 2014 was 85.90% with mild pain intensity 79.10%, moderate pain 8.20%, and severe pain 12.70%. The highest proportion of the dysmenorrhea of the respondent at category ages 14-15 years olds (86.00%), age of menarche ≤ 12 years old (87.70%), longer menstrual <7 days (86.30%), normal menstrual cycles (87 , 40%), frequen cy of exercise (96.90%), overweight (100.00%), and no family history (90.50%). The result of bivariate analysis, there is a significant association between exercise habits (p = 0.040) and family history (p = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between age,, age of menarche, duration of menstruation, the menstrual cycle, and nutritional status. It is suggested to SMA Negeri 2 field for exercise regularly. For those girls who have a history of dysmenorrhea and dysmenorrhea in a family to see a doctor to prevent other endometris. Keywords : Dysmenorrhea , Risk Factors


While few in our society can agree upon a definition of it, art is generally believed to be recognizable. That being the practical rule, we have admired and collected the objects of other cultures, "recognizing" them as art despite the fact that they have been created within an entirely different set of cultural assumptions. This right to designate has been particularly pronounced in relationship to Africa. Europe and America began discovering art there in the nineteenth century, appropriating objects which amazed the "civilized" world with their sophisticated artistry. Our museums are filled with African objects snatched from their cultural contexts and stripped of the meanings they held for their creators. Once there, they were doubly appropriated, becoming the basis for entire new schools of art and the inspiration for some of our most famous artists.


Using a case study from a rural region of southern Mexico, this work evaluates the performance of a garment assembly plant and compares the findings with the extensive literature on the assembly industry in northern Mexican cities. It assesses the economic, environmental and social impacts of a large garment assembly plant located in a depressed rural area of Yucatan, and considers the implications for semi-industrialised countries* ability to implement sustainable development policies in a liberalised global economy. A social survey of 200 people and 20 in-dcpth interviews were the main source of data. Under the New Economic Model (NEM) export assembly activities have accounted for a growing share of the economy of the New Industrialised Countries (NICs). In Mexico such companies have grown rapidly since the 1960s and have constituted the main development policy. Maquiladoras have become one of the principal sources of foreign earnings and have been the fastest growing source of employment. Less positively, maquiladoras have not succeeded in integrating with local industry nor have they reduced migration to the US or even significantly improved the living standards of those working in the sector. The garment maquiladora studied in this thesis - Monty industries, Motul, Yucatan - offers a unique perspective on the assembly activities carried out in the country. The plant is located in the south of Mexico, in a rural area of one of the poorest and more indigenous states. Although most of the negative ch-:v itics of the industry are present, the overall impact is quite positive and differs in many ways with what has been written about the industry in the north of the country. Because jobs are distributed among a relatively small number of families, Monty has had a considerable economic impact and generated many economic spillovers. However, despite state legislation aimed at reducing the impact of pollution, Monty is a polluting plant that has not complied with the Mexican environmental norms.


Most current home automation systems are confined to a timer-based control of light and heating in order to improve the user's comfort. Additionally, these systems can be used to achieve energy savings, e.g., by turning the appliances off during the user's absence. The configuration of such systems, however, represents a major hindrance to their widespread deployment, as each connected appliance must be individually configured and assigned an operation schedule. The detection of active appliances as well as their current operating mode represents an enabling technology on the way to truly smart buildings. Once appliance identities are known, the devices can be deactivated to save energy or automatically controlled to increase the user's comfort.
 In this paper, we propose an approach to have buildings informed about the presence and activity of electric appliances. It relies on distributed high-frequency measurements of electrical voltage and current and feature extraction process that distills the collected data into distinct features. We utilize a supervised machine learning algorithm to classify readings into the underlying device type as well as its operation mode, which achieves an accuracy of up to 99.8%.


The invention provides a fluororubber rubber compound and a preparation method thereof. The fluororubber rubber compound is prepared by mixing binary intermediate-low monney sectional fluororubber rubber, reinforcing system (MT N990 carbon black and inorganic filler), acid absorbing system (active magnesium oxide and superfine calcium hydroxide), vulcanizing system (benzyl triphenyl phosphorus chloride and bisphenol AF), releasing agent (alfux and/or carnauba wax), and multifunctional bisphenol vulcanizing composite assistant vulcanizing agent L; the obtained fluororubber rubber compound has high stretching strength, and high extending rate, increases the scorching time by improving the liquidity of the rubber, therefore, high adaptability of the rubber to different manufacture technical environments and the vulcanizing environments can be ensured, the safety in vulcanizing can be improved, and as a result, the rejection rate of the products can be reduced. The fluororubber rubber compound provided by the invention is applicable to industries such as aerospace, aviation, car, metallurgy, petrochemical industry and electron and the like.


This study investigated the effects of some alkalinity sources on the stability of anaerobic digestion (AD) from food waste (FW). Four alkalinity sources, namely lime mud from papermaking (LMP), waste eggshell (WES), CaCO3 and NaHCO3, were applied as buffer materials and their stability effects were evaluated in batch AD. The results showed that LMP and CaCO3 had more remarkable effects than NaHCO3 and WES on FW stabilization. The methane yields were 120.2, 197.0, 156.2, 251.0 and 194.8 ml g−1 VS for the control and synergistic digestions of CaCO3, NaHCO3, LMP and WES added into FW, respectively. The corresponding final alkalinity reached 5906, 7307, 9504, 7820 and 6782 mg l−1, while the final acidities were determined to be 501, 200, 50, 350 and 250 mg l−1, respectively. This indicated that the synergism between alkalinity and inorganic micronutrients from different alkalinity sources played an important role in the process stability of AD from FW.


A stepped seawall with drainage is one of the coastal structures for reducing wave overtopping. The accurate prediction of wave overtopping is of importance in order to design the seawall economically. However, the previous design diagrams for the estimation of wave overtopping rate cannot be used for the complex shape of a seawall. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate irregular wave overtopping process on a stepped seawall with drainage and verify the utility of a two-dimensional numerical wave flume "CADMAS-SURF" by implementing hydraulic experiments and numerical simulations. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results reveals that the CADMAS-SURF can appropriately reproduce wave overtopping phenomena under irregular wave actions.


This thesis presents a history of United States telecommunications regulation in the 20th Century with a view toward explaining the economic motivations of the involved parties and exploding economic myths such as "natural monopoly" and "cross subsidization" by the application of common sense. The relative success and failure of antitrust and economic regulation are analyzed on a subjective but quantitative scale, with antitrust regulation as the clear winner in terms of the author's standard of "public interest." The thesis examines specific economic incentives resulting directly from economic regulation, in particular, return regulation and the FCC's interpretations of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, that has caused uneconomic investments and conduct which is contrary to the public interest. Suggestions are made for changes in regulatory principles and specific actions to improve the results of economic regulation. About the Author Gregg Sayre is currently Associate General Counsel Eastern Region for Citizens Communications Company, representing what were previously Global Crossing's Frontier local exchange companies and Citizens' local exchange companies in eastern states. He began his career in utilities regulation in 1978 as an attorney in the Rates Division of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, primarily litigating ratereturn rate cases filed by electric utilities. In 1982 he joined what was then the Bell System as a regulatory attorney with The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Companies, and participated in the consummation of the Bell System Divestiture in 1984. In 1987 he joined the legal staff of Rochester Telephone Corporation (subsequently renamed Frontier Corporation and later renamed Global Crossing North America, Inc.), again primarily as a regulatory attorney. In 1993 1994, he helped negotiate Rochester Telephone's Open Market Plan, the nation's first experiment in opening the local telephone market to competition. His current duties include participation in state and federal regulatory proceedings and negotiations between incumbent and competitive local exchange carriers, as well as most other legal matters. Statements made in this thesis are the opinions of the author, not those of his employers. Mr. Sayre obtained his B.A. degree from Grinnell College and his J.D. degree from Harvard Law School and is a candidate for an M.S.I.T. degree from Rochester Institute of Technology. Table of


The invention puts forward a simple temperature control device used for controlling food heating. The simple temperature control device comprises a heating element, a temperature-sensing element and a temperature control circuit. The temperature control circuit comprises an amplifying circuit, a comparison circuit, a basic RS trigger and a solid-state relay. The amplifying circuit is used for amplifying a signal outputted from the temperature-sensing element. A temperature-sensing signal amplified by the amplifying circuit is outputted to the comparison circuit. The comparison circuit comprises a comparator A and a comparator B, wherein the comparator A is used for comparing negative difference of specified temperatures and the comparator B is used for comparing positive difference of specified temperatures. The basic RS trigger is composed of two two-input NAND gates and an output end of the basic RS trigger is connected with the solid-state relay. The basic RS trigger is used for controlling on/off of the heating element. The temperature control device contains no programming controller such as MCU, etc. Temperature adjustment can be realized automatically. A control circuit of the simple temperature control device is simple and efficient.


The objective of the current study was to characterize calcium handling in developing human embryonic stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hESC‐CMs). To this end, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunocytochemistry, whole‐cell voltage‐clamp, and simultaneous patch‐clamp/laser scanning confocal calcium imaging and surface membrane labeling with di‐8‐aminonaphthylethenylpridinium were used. Immunostaining studies in the hESC‐CMs demonstrated the presence of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release channels, ryanodine receptor‐2, and inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP3) receptors. Store calcium function was manifested as action‐potential‐induced calcium transients. Time‐to‐target plots showed that these action‐potential‐initiated calcium transients traverse the width of the cell via a propagated wave of intracellular store calcium release. The hESC‐CMs also exhibited local calcium events ("sparks") that were localized to the surface membrane. The presence of caffeine‐sensitive intracellular calcium stores was manifested following application of focal, temporally limited puffs of caffeine in three different age groups: early‐stage (with the initiation of beating), intermediate‐stage (10 days post‐beating [dpb]), and late‐stage (30–40 dpb) hESC‐CMs. Calcium store load gradually increased during in vitro maturation. Similarly, ryanodine application decreased the amplitude of the spontaneous calcium transients. Interestingly, the expression and function of an IP3‐releasable calcium pool was also demonstrated in the hESC‐CMs in experiments using caged‐IP3 photolysis and antagonist application (2 μM 2‐Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate). In summary, our study establishes the presence of a functional SR calcium store in early‐stage hESC‐CMs and shows a unique pattern of calcium handling in these cells. This study also stresses the importance of the functional characterization of hESC‐CMs both for developmental studies and for the development of future myocardial cell replacement strategies.


Based on detailed analysis oftraditional CBIR technology,thispaper presents a newmethod based on combination of the color and improved mathematical morphology for image retrieval.First of all,the candiate images are selected by using hue histogram among database images.Then,an improved mathematical morphology is used to extract the edge features in the candiate images obtained in the former step.Finally,thecolor histograms built up by edge features pixel dots are used to retrieve the candiateimages,thus obtaining the final retrieving results.Experimenal results show that this method is more efficient and less in time consumption.


To improve the reliability of machine tools,this paper analyzed failure data of assembly of machine tools deeply.It researched the method of established the model of assembly reliability by piecewise twofold Weibull model and the process of the parameter fitted by maximum likelihood,and proposed the development of maintenance alarm system on machine tools based on reliability analysis.It illuminated the process of theory design and the method of function block design on alarm system.The application of example about the alarm system demonstrates that it is very useful and available for maintenance of machine tools with this method.


1 The role of adrenaline in regulating hepatic glucose production and muscle glucose uptake during exercise was examined in six adrenaline‐deficient, bilaterally adrenalectomised humans. Six sex‐ and age‐matched healthy individuals served as controls (CON). 2 Adrenalectomised subjects cycled for 45 min at 68 ± 1 % maximum pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇O2,max), followed by 15 min at 84 ± 2 %V̇O2,max without (–ADR) or with (+ADR) adrenaline infusion, which elevated plasma adrenaline levels (45 min, 4.49 ± 0.69 nmol l−1; 60 min, 12.41 ± 1.80 nmol l−1; means ± s.e.m.). Glucose kinetics were measured using [3‐3H]glucose. 3 Euglycaemia was maintained during exercise in CON and –ADR, whilst in +ADR plasma glucose was elevated. The exercise‐induced increase in hepatic glucose production was similar in +ADR and –ADR; however, adrenaline infusion augmented the rise in hepatic glucose production early in exercise. Glucose uptake increased during exercise in +ADR and –ADR, but was lower and metabolic clearance rate was reduced in +ADR. 4 During exercise noradrenaline and glucagon concentrations increased, and insulin and cortisol concentrations decreased, but plasma levels were similar between trials. Adrenaline infusion suppressed growth hormone and elevated plasma free fatty acids, glycerol and lactate. Alanine and β‐hydroxybutyrate levels were similar between trials. 5 The results demonstrate that glucose homeostasis was maintained during exercise in adrenalectomised subjects. Adrenaline does not appear to play a major role in matching hepatic glucose production to the increase in glucose clearance. In contrast, adrenaline infusion results in a mismatch by simultaneously enhancing hepatic glucose production and inhibiting glucose clearance.


Physiological pacing has undergone three stages: atrioventricular sequential pacing, chronotropic pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy.How to make pacing therapy more physiological, so as to meet the physiological needs of patients, is the unremitting pursuit of clinicians.With further understanding of cardiac function and the development of pacemaker manufacturing technology, pacing function will become more and more physiological.At the same time, the newer generation of pacemakers will have more sophisticated program control function, higher automation, simulation of the doctor's thinking, and the pacing parameters can be optimized automatically after implantation allowing pacemaker to operate in the most effective and energy-saving state.From cardiac rhythm managers to heart disease managers, their unique efficacy will make physiological pacing function perfect day by day.In this paper, the research progress in this field is analyzed, which aims to provide the basis for pacing mode, pacing site and pacing interval in the future.

Key words:
Physiological; Pacing; Advance; Review


In general, the years between 1929-1939 could be labelled as the terms in which the etatist policy was accepted and also strongly deliberated as one of the main policies of new Turkish Republic. The main question in the article could be whether the year 1937 was the turning point to leave the etatist policies althoug it was contained by 1924 Constitution of Turkey. In this respect, more precisely, the position of the etatist policy will be analyzed in the 1930s in general as well as in the main political, economic and social events reflected by two main newspapers in Turkey, Vakit and Aksam in the year 1937.


We report on efficient spin current generation at room temperature in rutile-type WO2 grown on an Al2O3(0001) substrate. The optimal WO2 film has a (010)-oriented monoclinically distorted rutile structure with metallic conductivity due to 5d2 electrons, as characterized by x-ray diffraction, electronic transport, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By conducting harmonic Hall measurement in a Ni81Fe19/WO2 bilayer, we estimate two symmetries of the spin–orbit torque (SOT), i.e., dampinglike (DL) and fieldlike ones, to find that the former is larger than the latter. By comparison with the Ni81Fe19/W control sample, the observed DL SOT efficiency ξDL of WO2 (+0.174) is about two-thirds of that of W (−0.281) in magnitude, with a striking difference in their signs. The magnitude of the ξDL of WO2 exhibits a comparable value to those of widely reported Pt and Ta, and Ir oxide IrO2. The positive sign of the ξDL of WO2 can be explained by the preceding theoretical study based on the 4d oxides. These results highlight that the epitaxial WO2 offers a great opportunity of rutile oxides with spintronic functionalities, leading to future spin–orbit torque-controlled devices.


We present a study of the radiative cooling of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere in the infrared bands of CO2, O3 and H2O due to small‐scale irregular temperature fluctuations caused by gravity waves. These persistent fluctuations are presently not well represented by general circulation models. A statistical model of gravity wave‐induced temperature variations was applied to large‐scale temperature profiles, and the corresponding direct radiative calculations were performed. We show that temperature fluctuations can cause an additional cooling up to 3 K day−1 near the mesopause. The effect is produced mainly by the fundamental 15 μm band of the main CO2 isotope. We found a simple correction depending on the temperature fluctuations variance, which should be added in radiative calculations to the mean temperature profile to account for the additional cooling associated with the unresolved disturbances.


The transfer of uranyl nitrate hexahydrate solution from the, Purex Plant in 200-East Area to the U0{sub 3} Plant in 200-West Area is presently being accomplished with the use of two specially built trailer trucks. This system has been used since the startup of the Purex Plant. Because the production rate of Purex has increased significantly since then, it seems appropriate to ask, ``Is trucking the optimum method under the present and predicted rates of production?`` At the request of Purex Operation, a study has been made of the UNH hauling system, and of some possible alternatives. The purpose of this study was to compare the various advantages and disadvantages of the present and alternate systems, to make recommendations, and to provide a basis for possible management action.


Data from 2011 women attending 16 centers in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, between February 1971-April 30, 1974, fitted with the Tcu-200 were compared with the results of the IUD study, a 4-year follow-up of IUD acceptors, and a study of IUD acceptors by the Operations Research Group (ORG). 2/3 of the Tcu-200 acceptors were below 30 years of age compared with 54% in the IUD study and 34% in the ORG study. Tcu-200 acceptors had fewer children (1.9 for Tcu, 4.2 for IUD, and 2.9 for ORG). 52% of the Tcu-200 users accepted the device within 6 months of pregnancy and had a shorter interval between pregnancies. 46% of the users of Tcu-200 accepted the IUD for spacing of children corresponding to 65 and 35%, respectively, for the other studies. For 37% of the Tcu-200 users, this was their 1st experience with a contraceptive device compared with 83.4% of IUD acceptors. 63% of Tcu-200 users were without complaints compared with 41% of IUD users. Bleeding was the primary cause of removal. During the first 6 months following insertion, 16% had the device removed and this rose to 39.1% after 2 years. The experience with the Tcu-200 is slightly better than with other IUDs.


Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is the blinding consequence of infective trachoma. It occurs when in-turned eyelashes scrape the cornea, and it affects over eight million people worldwide. It is painful and has been likened to thorns scraping your eyes every time you blink. Lid rotation surgery, which restores the in-turned eyelashes to the proper position, is the mainstay of treatment for TT. Unfortunately, the results of surgery can be poor with many patients developing recurrent trichiasis. There is evidence to suggest that poor surgical technique is responsible for a significant proportion of the recurrent cases. There is a pressing need to strengthen surgical training. To help strengthen trichiasis surgery programmes, the International Centre for Eye Health (ICEH) has produced a comprehensive TT surgery training DVD, which was fi lmed in Ethiopia. Currently, trainee trichiasis surgeons undertake a course of about two weeks, containing both theoretical and practical components. Training programmes usually teach one of the WHO approved lid rotation procedures: bilamellar tarsal rotation (BLTR) or posterior lamellar tarsal rotation (PLTR). These are described in the WHO trichiasis surgery training and certifi cation manuals. A frequent limitation of training is the lack of exposure to surgical cases. Moreover, many trained surgeons do not operate frequently and most do not receive regular supervision. The ICEH DVD contains step-by-step teaching videos of both BLTR and PLTR procedures. In addition, there is extensive supporting material, such as the assessment and counselling of patients, setting up an operating theatre, sterilising instruments and post-operative care. The DVD will be distributed free of charge, in bulk, to National Trachoma Control programmes and non-governmental organisations for free distribution in training programmes. In addition, it can be obtained free of charge from TALC (Email firstname.lastname@example.com or see page 30). It is available in English and French, and was made possible thanks to the support of Band Aid via Fight For Sight, the Carter Center, the International Trachoma Initiative, and Stanton Media. For this issue on instruments and consumables, we have specially adapted the following extract from the DVD. It covers using a steam autoclave to sterilise the instruments used in trachoma surgery. The kerosene-burning steam-pressure autoclave (Figure 1) is widely available in trachoma endemic regions. If you use a different model of autoclave you must read and carefully follow the instructions. • You should use the autoclave in a clear area. Place the items to be sterilised on a clean …


A scheme of 1→2 optimal universal asymmetric quantum telecloning for pure multiqubitstates is proposed. We first investigate the telecloning of arbitrary 2-qubit states andthen extend it to the case of multiqubit system. We discuss the scheme in terms of thequantum channels and fidelities of clones, as well as the entanglement of states in thetelecloning.


This study examines how systems thinking theories have been applied within organizational learning and management. This study follows the six phases developed in the systematic review undertaken by Greenhalgh et al. (2004) to review all publications of applications of systems thinking in organizations for a period of 25 years (1990–2015). This study reveals that using a unifying model that incorporates both soft systems thinking (SST) and critical systems thinking (CST) can enrich the stages of the application process (i.e. the data collection, data analysis, and evaluation). It offers a meticulous process that helps the individuals and organizations learn, plan, and implement systems thinking in their operations successfully. Understanding the application of systems thinking in organizational management will significantly help organizations strategize its priority, particularly when systems thinking is crucial for innovation and sustainability. The study shows that the participation of both practitioners and researchers during the process of applying systems thinking in improving organizational outcomes. This study develops a unifying model which incorporates both SST and CST by using systems thinking researchers as facilitators to solve complicated issues or transform the organization.


Teaching and coaching as a career how people learn communication skills designing lesson plans implementation of plans goal-setting for the leisure rider through to international teaching the disabled teaching children teaching the novice adult coaching for competition preparation for examinations.


We present a measurement of $\sigma \cdot B(W \to e \nu)$ and $\sigma \cdot B(Z^0 \to e^+e^-)$ in proton - antiproton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =1.8$ TeV using a significantly improved understanding of the integrated luminosity. The data represent an integrated luminosity of 19.7 pb$^{-1}$ from the 1992-1993 run with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). We find $\sigma \cdot B(W \to e \nu) = 2.49 \pm 0.12$~nb and $\sigma \cdot B(Z^0 \to e^+e^-) = 0.231 \pm 0.012$~nb.


Objective To investigate the clinical results of hypertension combined coronary heart disease treated with indapanmide and amlodipine. Methods 136 cases with hypertension and coronary heart disease were selected from July 2013 to November 2014 in our hospital as research subjects, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, 68 cases in each group, the control group used nifedipine GITS treatment, the observation group used indapamide combination therapy with amlodipine, the clinical efficacy and the change of blood pressure and blood lipid levels of the two groups were compared. Results The total efficiency of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). After treatment, diastolic, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol levels of two groups were significantly lower than before treatment, the degree of decline in the index level of the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). Conclusion Indapamide and amlodipine combination therapy of hypertension and coronary heart disease can play a synergistic effect, can effectively control blood pressure levels in patients, improve lipid profile, with high security.


Based on the phenomenon that a large number of spots appear in the type area on the surface of the gold-plated kovar alloy cavity, combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) analysis method, this paper analyzed the causes of spots and promoted effective encapsulation of electronic components. The result shows that uneven laser typing edge affect the smoothness of gold plating, increasing the coating porosity and specific surface area, which provides high probability for water and Cl-attachment, even reach to kovar alloy layer through pore. What's more, the strong penetrating power of Cl-through the atoms gap contributes to react with metal layer and form chloride. The reaction products, such as NiCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3 become electrolyte layer of the electrochemical corrosion. Anode is iron and nickel corrosion, while cathode is oxygen corrosion. As the reaction, the chemical environment tends to alkaline. Fe2+ and Fe3+ easy to combine with OH-to produce Fe(OH)2 and Fe(OH)3, and the further evolution products, oxide Fe2O3, characterized by a large number of spots in macroscopic. Internal stress of the electrochemical corrosion gradually turns gold layer gap to crack, exposing internal kovar alloy layer. The formation of the electrochemical corrosion aggravates coating damage.


A synergistic effect on butane gas sensing and lowering of operating temperature was observed for the first time in novel SnO2–MWCNT–Pd nanocomposites, which may be attributed to a combinatorial effect of widening of depletion region and spill-over due to Pd incorporation.


There were a lot of excellent university presidents in the history of American higher education.They promoted the development of their universities with their educational ideas and practices so greatly that American higher education even world higher education was affected profoundly.This paper analyses the causes of presidents functioning fully in running universities from both internal and external system environments.It is expected that this paper can help to exercise the leadership the presidents in building the world-class universities in China.


The first year of the Korean conflict was a dark and humiliating period for many of the troops who fought there. Against a backdrop of U.S. political indecision and reduced military capability, American soldiers fought a dedicated and numerically strong enemy force that was determined to overrun South Korea. One of these units, the segregated 24th Infantry Regiment, was made up of black soldiers, commanded for the most part by white officers. Lyle Rishell, an infantry platoon leader, led a black platoon of Able Company in that regiment. This book tells the dramatic, often frustrating, sometimes heroic story of that platoon in that first, fateful year of war. From detailed notes he made at the time, and from his memories of those days, Rishell reconstructs the deployment and tactics of his unit, its day-to-day actions and survival. The story that unfolds is one of honor, fear, fighting spirit, fierce combat, and the cries of wounded men. The 24th Infantry Regiment has received bad press from many historians of the Korean conflict, who claim that the black soldiers and noncommissioned officers were undisciplined and even cowardly in battle. Rishell's moving account, based on his own experiences, describes his men as no better or worse than any other infantrymen in the first year in Korea. His troops fought well from July, 1950, to May, 1951, in nearly constant front-line action against the North Koreans and the Chinese Communists, despite a variety of significant fundamental obstacles, including the racial prejudice of much of their own army. It is a unique and compelling story of the relationship of a white officer and black soldiers before integration of the services and the civilrights legislation of the sixties. It is also an important corrective to a poorly understood aspect of one of America's most dismal conflicts.


Plant species composition and diversity of Tsuga chinensis var.tchekiangensis community in Xianglushan,Guangze,Fujian,China were studied by sampling plots survey.The results showed that there were 27 families,40 genera and 52 species of plants in the T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis community(2000 m2).Evergreen tree species were predominant in the tree layer of the community,while in the shrub layer evergreen trees were overwhelmingly predominant,indicating that seedlings and young trees of evergreen trees were more shade-tolerant than those of deciduous trees,and thus there was more competitiveness under the lack of sun in the understory.Tree and shrub layer of the T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis community were developed well,but herb layer developed poorly.Number of plant species and diversity indices were in the order: shrubtreeextra stratum plantherb,while evenness were in the order: extra stratum plantshrubtreeherb.There were many seedlings and young trees(2151 stem·hm-2) of T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis in the community,but little small trees(24 stem·hm-2),a few middle and big trees(405 stem·hm-2) existed.Seedlings and young trees of T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis were poorly shade-tolerant,couldn't compete with the shade-tolerant evergreen trees.This might be the cause of endangerment for T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis.


Cell-free extracts of placenta of Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Karayatsubusa catalyzed the formation of capsaicinoid from vanillylamine and 7-methylocatnoyl CoA (iso-C9:0-CoA), 8-methylnonanoyl CoA (iso-C10:0-CoA), 8-methyl-6-nonenoyl CoA (iso-C-10:1CoA), or 9-methyldecanoyl CoA (iso-C11:0-CoA). Iso-type fatty acid-activating reaction required CoA, ATP and Mg++ as cofactors. Among acyl-CoAs examined, iso-C9:0-CoA was used most effectively as acyl donor for capsaicinoid formation. 5-methylhexanoyl CoA (iso-C7:0-CoA), 6-methylheptanoyl CoA (iso-C8:0-CoA), 10-methylundecanoyl CoA (iso-C12:0-CoA) and decanoyl CoA (n-C10:0-CoA) were not used as acyl donor. When equivalent amounts of iso-C9:0-CoA, iso-C10:0-CoA, iso-C10:1-CoA, and iso-C11:0-CoA were added together as acyl donors, nordihydrocapsaicin was the major product, occupying more than 60% of the total capsaicinoid formed. The optimum pH for capsaicinoid formation was around 9.0, when iso-C10:0-CoA was used as acyl donor.


La_{1.67}1.67Sr_{0.33}0.33CuO_44
is not a superconductor and its resistivity follows a purely
T^22
temperature dependence at very low temperatures.
La_{1.71}1.71Sr_{0.29}0.29CuO_44,
on the other hand, has a superconducting ground state together with a
T-Linear term in its resistivity. The concomitant emergence of these two
features below a critical doping is mystifying. Here, I notice that the
electron-electron collision rate in the Fermi liquid above the doping
threshold is unusually large. The scattering time of nodal
quasi-particles expressed in a dimensionless parameter
\zetaζ
is very close to what has been found in liquid
^33He
at its melting pressure. In the latter case, fermionic particles become
dynamically distinguishable by excess of interaction. Ceasing to be
dynamically indistinguishable, nodal electrons will be excluded from the
Fermi sea. Such non-degenerate carriers will then scatter the degenerate
ones within a phase space growing linearly with temperature.