Objective To study the effect of FTP5 in regulating insulin secretion from pancreatic βcells by inhibiting Cdk5 activity. Methods Mouse insulinoma line 6( Min6) cells were cultured in vitro. In vitro inhibition experiments: The CIP protein or p5 protein with Cdk5 + p25 kinase together was put in a tube and proceeded enzyme activity analysis. Divided into three groups: p25 + Cdk5group,p25 + Cdk5 + CIP group and p25 + Cdk5 + p5 group. The experiments in cultured cells: We transfected the adenovirus empty carrier( EV),recombinated adenovirus concluding p5 or FITC-TAT combined short peptide( FTP5) into Min6 cells,then treated them with different concentrations of glucose( 3 mmol,LG and 25 mmol,HG). The cells divided into LG + EV group,HG + EV group,HG + FTP5 group and HG + P5 group. The expression levels of Cdk5 and p35 in different groups of cells mentioned earlier were detected by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Cdk5 activity of cells in the aforementioned groups was measured by using isotope-labeling. The levels of insulin secretion were measured by ELISA. Results Both p5 and CIP inhibited Cdk5 activity,p5 was much stronger than CIP. In high glucose environment,Min6 cells increased the expression of p35,and caused Cdk5 hyperactivity,which in turn,inhibited insulin secretion;Both FTP5 and p5 inhibited Cdk5 activity,meanwhile recovered the secretion of insulin,FTP5 displayed an even greater inhibition.Conclusion Both p5 or FTP5 will inhibit the over activated Cdk5,recover the insulin secretion,which may have a wide potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Jiannan Liu 1,2 Feiyan Ma Bing Sun Yang Cong Liang Xuan Qian Wang Shikai Wu 1Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital (Former 307th Hospital of the PLA), Beijing 100071, People's Republic of China; 3Baoding No.1 Central Hospital Affiliated with Chengde Medical College, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071000, People's Republic of China Purpose: Various reports found a relationship between lymphocyte-related blood parameters (LRBP), including absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and prognosis of breast cancer. Most of the studies focused on LRBP pre-treatment. Seldom have studies focused on LRBP during radiotherapy. We intended to perform a retrospective cohort study on the prognostic value of LRBP at the time point of lowest ALC during radiotherapy for breast cancer. Patients and methods: A total of 158 female patients were included in radiotherapy group because of the strict limitation standards of complete routine blood test results at pretreatment and pre-operation, and at least once a week during radiotherapy. Besides 221 patients, including the 158 patients of radiotherapy group, were adopted in pre-treatment group and pre-operation group. Results: ALC and PLR at the time point of lowest ALC during radiotherapy are prognostic predictors of breast cancer, and lower ALC and higher PLR are independent significant predictors of poor DFS. Besides, lower ALC, higher NLR and higher PLR at both pretreatment and pre-operation were found to be independent variables for predicting poor DFS. Conclusion: LRBP at pre-treatment, pre-operation, and during radiotherapy may serve as predictors of outcomes of breast cancer.


The obsolescence of the 35mm slide library has been a prominent issue in visual resource collections for over a decade. As online image collections have grown, institutions have witnessed a precipitous drop in the use of their analog collections, and increased pressure to repurpose the spaces in which these collections are held. Many institutions have pursued a combination of deaccessioning and digitizing these analog resources. Because the majority of slide libraries exist without any master catalog, it is tremendously time-consuming to sort, catalog, and identify significant slides in legacy slide collections. Thus, these vast image libraries are largely left unused, and retention and digitization policies for slide libraries are devised without systematic surveying, based on personal experience rather than analyzed data.


Equations of parametric curves and surfaces via syzygies by D. A. Cox An explicit description for the triangular decomposition of a zero-dimensional ideal through trace computations by G. M. Diaz-Toca and L. Gonzalez-Vega Numerical irreducible decomposition using projections from points on the components by A. J. Sommese, J. Verschelde, and C. W. Wampler Counting stable solutions of sparse polynomial systems in chemistry by K. Gatermann Central configurations in the Newtonian N-body problem of celestial mechanics by I. S. Kotsireas A power function approach to Kouchnirenko's conjecture by D. Napoletani Finiteness for arithmetic fewnomial systems by J. M. Rojas Constructing double-exponential number of vectors of multiplicities of solutions of polynomial systems by D. Grigoriev Computing sparse projection operators by C. D'Andrea and I. Z. Emiris Grobner bases of abelian matrix groups by B. Sturmfels Lexicographic Grobner bases of 3-dimensional transportation problems by G. Boffi and F. Rossi Simplicial complexes and syzygies of lattice ideals by E. Briales, A. Campillo, P. Pison, and A. Vigneron Algorithmic determination of the rational cohomology of complex varieties via differential forms by U. Walther Differential algebras on semigroup algebras by M. Saito and W. N. Traves Noncommutative Grobner bases and Hochschild cohomology by M. J. Bardzell.


Abstract Objectives  The relevance of spinopelvic parameters in the patients' clinical and functional outcomes has been widely studied in long spinal fusion. Yet, the importance of the spinopelvic parameters in short-segment fusion surgeries needs further investigation. We analyzed the spinopelvic parameters and surgical outcomes of patients undergoing short-segment lumbar interbody fusion. Materials and Methods  An observational, prospective study was conducted between January and June 2021. We selected 25 patients with lumbar stenosis, with or without concomitant spondylolisthesis, undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Variables related to the patient, diagnosis, and surgery were collected. The clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale for low-back and leg pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The surgical outcomes and spinopelvic parameters were analyzed pre- and postoperatively. Results  There was a significant clinical and functional improvement after surgery ( p  < 0.001), with a mean ODI decrease of 63.6%. The variables of obesity, concomitant spondylolisthesis, absence of osteotomy, and two-level fusion were all associated with lower levels of improvement after surgery ( p  < 0.05). Pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) was the only parameter that significantly changed regarding the pre- and postoperative periods ( p  < 0.05). Before surgery, PI-LL < −10° correlates with less low-back pain after surgery (r = 0.435; p  < 0.05). Postoperatively, no correlation was found between surgical outcomes and all the spinopelvic parameters analyzed. Conclusions  The clinical and functional outcomes significantly improved with the surgical intervention but did not correlate with the change in spinopelvic parameters. Patients with preoperative PI-LL < −10° seem to benefit the most from surgery, showing greater improvement in back pain.


The El Nio Southern Oscillation( ENSO) has been internationally concerned as a global disaster.Based on the research achievements about ENSO at home and abroad in recent years,the article analyzed the latest research progress of ENSO in the fields of Atmospheric Physics,Disaster Geography,Medicine and Sociology,though demonstrating the brief history and generating mechanism of ENSO,and introduced several research methods recognized internationally. At last,future work on ENSO were discussed.


Preschoolers are children aged three to six years. Covid - 19 is a pandemic that is shaking the world right now. Due to the Covid - 19 pandemic, children cannot play with friends outside the home. Limited play space for children makes it easy for them to feel bored just to stay at home, causing children to become anxious. The purpose of this case study is to apply storytelling play therapy to reduce anxiety levels in preschool-aged children at home due to the covid-19 pandemic. The method of this case study is descriptive. The result of the case study is a decrease in anxiety score in subject I from 45 to 30 and subject II from 51 to 34. The conclusion of this case study shows that storytelling therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety level of preschool children. Suggestions for this case study are expected that parents can apply storytelling to reduce anxiety levels in children at home due to the Covid-19 pandemic.


Contingency Proof is one of the oldest proofs of the existence of God, which enjoys numerous theological and philosophical expositions. What is examined in this article is the conventional form of this proof in the West, which has addressed the temporal contingency of universe and thereby demonstrated the existence of God. Its other expositions like essential contingency as well as substantial contingency, which are of special interest to Islamic philosophy, have either received no attention at all or not clearly stated. In this article, relying on the old and new scientific and theological sources of the West, the writer intends to reappraise and review this issue. Hereby, two rational proofs and two scientific arguments on its most significant premise have been presented. Its two rational proofs stress on the impossibility of
actual infinite existence and the impossibility of addition to potential infinite and its transformation into actual infinite; and its two scientific arguments are adopted from the patterns of creation and thermodynamic principles. Bringing up various theories of the pros and cons among the philosophers and theologians, the article proceeds to present a critical review of the above issue.
Keywords: creation from non-being, actual infinite, the Big Bang model, oscillation model, consistency model.


It introduces pumpcrete machine vehicle operating instruction detailed,and specially discusses the concrete pumping from the aspects of arm support manipulation,pumping operation,blockage and treatment of arm support pipe and the cleaning after the pumping,which will supply technical reference to the operation personnel of pumpcrete machine vehicle.


At a molar excess of [citrate]/[aluminum], this organic acid can protect calmodulin from aluminum binding if the metal is presented to the protein in stoichiometric micromolar quantities, as judged by fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Similar citrate concentrations are also capable of fully restoring calmodulin's hydrophobic surface exposure to that of the native protein when calmodulin was initially damaged by aluminum binding. Fluoride anions are equally effective in restoring calmodulin's native structure as determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Measurements of the kinetics of citrate-mediated aluminum removal also indicated that the metal ions are completely removed from calmodulin, consistent with results derived from atomic absorption experiments. On the other hand, results from circular dichroism studies indicated that citrate-mediated aluminum removal from calmodulin can only partially restore the α-helix content to that originally present in apocalmodulin or in calcium–calmodul...


Adhesive strength between V-4Cr-4Ti type alloys and an yttrium oxide layer formed by a plasma spray technique was evaluated by a laser shock spallation method, which uses a pulse laser to generate a shock wave to create tensile stress inside the specimen. There was no significant dependence of the adhesive strength on the alloying elements examined, such as yttrium, silicon and aluminum. Detailed observation of the exfoliation behavior was carried out to identify the weakest interface of the coating layer. Several modes of exfoliation behavior were categorized after cross-sectional observation. There was some uncertainty of the adhesive strength of the layer evaluated by the laser shock method, due to the thickness of the coating layer. The typical adhesive strength between the alloy and yttrium oxide layer was evaluated to be approximately 400 MPa.


The simulated training is an effective way to improve the ability of dealing with multiple security threats and accomplishing diverse military tasks. To achieve the target of the simulated training of emergency medical rescue,the training procedure was described,and four keys to pay attention in the simulated training were also elaborated.


A criterion called "improving faster than" is proposed and characterized to compare the strength or preference of value functions. The result can be applied in decision models where no risk is involved or, at least, explicitly modeled. A bargaining theory example illustrates the criterion.


For a country fractionalized in competing factions, each owning part of the stock of naturalexhaustible resources, or with insecure property rights, we analyze how resources are transformed into productive capital to sustain consumption. We allow property rights to improve as the country transforms natural resources into capital. The ensuing power struggle about the control of resources is solved as a non-cooperative differential game. Prices of resources and depletion increase faster than suggested by the Hotelling rule, especially with many competing factions and less secure property rights. As a result, the country substitutes away from resources to capital too rapidly and invests more than predicted by the Hartwick rule. The power struggle boosts outputbut depresses aggregate consumption and welfare, especially in highly fractionalized countries with less secure property rights. Genuine saving evaluated with welfare-based accounting prices is zero in this game, but biased upwards when calculated with the lower market prices.


The problem of light propagation along a magneto–optic nonuniformity which is similar to a wide Neel domain wall is analyzed by perturbation theory. The Maxwell equations of the three-dimensional problem are reduced to a system which describes the amplitude evolution of the coupled TM and TE modes in a two-dimensional approximation. Numerical analysis shows a strong nonreciprocal character of light beam propagation: The waveguide supports a localized TM-like mode in one direction and scatters the light beam in the opposite direction. For a garnet film of 1 μm thickness, having a Faraday rotation of 3150 °/cm at a wavelength of 1.3 μm, an isolation of 25 dB is calculated for a propagation length of 1 cm. This waveguide may be used as optical isolator. It may also be applied as a magneto–optical switch or modulator tuned by an external magnetic field.


Simone Simoni and Girolamo Mercuriale, both Paduan graduates, published their tracts on plague in 1576 and 1577 after they had witnessed plague epidemics in Leipzig and Venice respectively. This essay compares the style of their tracts, the ways in which they attempted to avoid responsibility for what others viewed as their failures, and their interpretations of the theories of Fracastoro on contagious diseases.


The work is to develop new competitive potato varieties. The studies were carried out in mountainous conditions on mountain meadow soils in a zone free from viral infection. According to the scheme of the breeding process, in the parent nursery, hybridization was carried out in 18 combinations, 16837 seeds were obtained. In the preliminary test nursery, 3 hybrids formed yields of over 50 t / ha. High yield of hybrids was also noted in the nursery of the main trial. Of the 7 hybrid offspring in the nursery of the 1st year competitive trial, 4 provided a yield higher than the standard variety. Hybrids 13.61 / 66 were isolated from 4 hybrids of the II year competitive test nursery. In the nursery of the third year competitive test, all tested hybrids formed a high yield (2.1-45.5% higher than the standard). The 10.11 / 770 hybrid has been submitted for state testing. Hybrid 10.11 / 765 (Osetinsky variety) is included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements.


The article presents computer algebra procedures and routines applied to the study of the Dirac field on curved spacetimes. The main part of the procedures is devoted to the construction of Pauli and Dirac matrices algebra on an anholonomic orthonormal reference frame. Then these procedures are used to compute the Dirac equation on curved spacetimes in a sequence of special dedicated routines.


The first feminine monastery of Jonqueres, belonging to the military Order of Santiago, was constructed near Sabadell, in the XIIIth century. By king James I authority, Pere Carbonell built a mill outside the walls of Barcelona. The king granted his dominion over the mill to the Master of the mentioned Order and allowed the construction, close to the same mill, of a second monastery for the Jonqueres community. Because of the place insalubrity, they soon moved to a third monastery inside the city. The nuns had the dominion over the mill as once the Master had. But when the monastery of Pedralbes was built, both monasteries enjoyed indivisibly that right. The mill, from the XVth century, was rented to some millers. Rents and profits were divided in equal parts. There were several lawsuits between the two convents and also there were some agreements, as in 1532. Because of the war, in 1808, the Jonqueres nuns left their monastery forever. Nevertheless, their managers kept renting the mill at least until 1824.


In raising their children, parents confer certain advantages upon them. Harry Brighouse and Adam Swift argue that because these parental advantages increase inequality, parents should have the right to confer only advantages that are integral to the core good of the parent-child relationship: building an intimate relationship between parent and child. Inherent in this debate is a tension between family liberty and societal equality and begs the following question: do we prioritize the personal liberty of parents to confer advantages on their children regardless of whether it maintains or even exacerbates inequalities, or do we most value the promotion of societal equality even if it means restricting parents' liberties in the rearing of their children? In order to argue for the limitation of parental advantage, we must use a criterion that is adequate for this intrusion into family life. For such a criterion, I turn to the arguments that Brighouse and Swift present in their book Family Values: The Ethics of Parent-Child Relationships. In order to apply Brighouse and Swift's argument, one must consider several factors of the advantage conferral including who confers the advantage, why the advantage is conferred, and where the advantage is conferred. In my critique of Brighouse and Swift's position, I consider the implications of each of these three factors in using their argument to limit the advantages parents confer upon their children. Upon evaluating these factors, I find their argument for the limitation of parental advantage problematic and, therefore, conclude the paper by proposing an alternative solution to reducing societal inequality.


Disclosed is an active matrix substrate comprising a data signal line (15x), scanning signal lines (16a, 16b), a transistor (12a) connected to the data signal line (15x) and the scanning signal line (16a), a transistor (12b) connected to the scanning signal line (16b), and pixel electrodes (17a, 17b) formed within the region of a pixel (101).  The pixel electrode (17a) is connected to the date signal line (15x) via the transistor (12a).  The pixel electrode (17b) is connected to the pixel electrode (17a) via a capacitor (C101), and is electrically connected to the pixel electrode (17a) via the transistor (12b).


A novel Multiband CPW-Fed monopole antenna for multi input multi output (MIMO) application is presented. A simple fork-shaped CPW-Fed monopole antenna resonates in two frequency bands. The multi-band antenna is obtained with adding an inverted U-shaped strip on it. The proposed antenna covers frequency bands including UMTS, Bluetooth, WLAN and WiMAX application, centered at 2.4, 3.5 and 5.5 GHz. A two element array of antenna with close spacing of λg/5 is suitable for MIMO application. The array has low mutual coupling, low envelope correlation, high efficiency and good radiation patterns over all frequency bands. The antenna parameters and simulation with measured results are presented.


It is important to study neural firing patterns based on bifurcation scenarios of neurons. In this paper, the transition mechanisms of different firing types in the Chay neuron model arc investigated by using two-parameter bifurcations and fast/slow dynamic analysis, in which special attention is paid to the codim-2 bifurcations related to the change of bursting types. It is concluded that the codim-2 cusp (CP) bifurcation is essential to the "fold/fold" bursting oscillation. Moreover, there are also two types of bursting oscillations near the codim-2 Bogdanov-Takens (BT) bifurcation, that is, "fold/Hopf' bursting and "fold/homoclinic" bursting.


The invention discloses a method for preparing gelsemine from a gelsemium extract, comprising the following steps: (1) a step of ethyl acetate extraction; (2) a step of purification with silica gel chromatography; and (3) a step of purification with reversed phase chromatography. The invention is a simplified technology of preparing gelsemine with high yield, and can be used in the industrial preparation of gelsemine.


Molecular methods have now become established as accepted methods for the detection of causal agents of infection (viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal). In particular, the use of a combination of rRNA genes from bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, i.e., universal or broad-range targets, has become


(57) Abstract: server, the incoming message routed to the communication device in accordance with the routing selection, modifying the message if necessary. For example, it is possible to route a page server is coming into the e-mail account, if necessary, to modify the page so that there is a compatible e-mail client. Therefore, the server selects the routing topology (direct or indirect), the network limits translation, conditioning synchronous communication for reception by asynchronous device, message encryption, and call back or "buddy (buddy) list" number of such services to allow other types of features.


The present invention relates to 5-HT6 receptors, or by a compound of structural formula I in the therapeutic treatment of diseases that are affected and their use are provided.


In response to Boghossian's objections in Chapter 6, this chapter defends counterexamples offered by Paolo Casalegno and the author to an inferentialist account of what it is to understand a logical constant, on which Boghossian relied in his explanation of our entitlement to reason according to basic logical principles. The importance for understanding is stressed of non-inferential aspects of the use of logical constants, for example in the description of a perceived scene. Boghossian's criteria for individuating concepts are also queried, as is the viability of hybrid accounts which mix inferential accounts of the use of some terms with non-inferential accounts of other terms.


In this short paper we revisit the optimal contract structure for a principal who hires a less patient agent to exert effort to increase the arrival rate of a Poisson process, studied in Sun and Tian (2018). We use a counter example to demonstrate that the optimal contract structure proposed in Section 4 of Sun and Tian (2018) can be wrong, when the two players' discount rates are different. We then specify correct optimal contract structures, which involves generalizing the contract space to allow random termination. Numerical study with a wide range of model parameters illustrates that such a random termination only occurs sparingly in optimal contracts.


The principal weakness with Alex Wodak's response to my original article is that the points he makes, whether accepted or not, have little bearing on the arguments I put. He is right to point out that there are substantial human and financial costs associated with drug prohibition. I acknowledged these costs at some length in my original paper. The fundamental question for policy makers, however, is not whether drug prohibition carries significant human and financial costs. Most criminal prohibitions carry substantial human and financial costs. We maintain them because we believe they also produce benefits and that (for at least some outcomes) the benefits outweigh the costs. Wodak ignores or downplays the benefits associated with drug prohibition. His arguments betray a misunderstanding of the mechanisms through which prohibition operates and of the kind of evidence required to determine whether a particular drug policy is a success or failure. I conclude with Caulkins and Lee (2012) that, given current knowledge, legalisation of any addictive or dangerous drug would be a 'leap into uncharted and potentially dangerous waters'.


My purpose in this study was to investigate the effect of risk attitude on the decision to study abroad. Participants were 211 Chinese undergraduate students who were followed throughout their 4-year college career. Risk attitude was measured in the 3rd year and information about moving abroad for further study was collected in the 4th year. The degree of risk aversion was higher for students who stayed in the home country than it was for students who moved abroad. Among students who moved abroad, those who were more willing to take risks moved over a greater cultural distance than did those less willing to take risks. Income, gender, attainment, and hometown location did not play a significant role in the probability of studying abroad.


It is fair to say that robots which can interact with and serve humans especially in the domestic environment will spread widely in near future. A fundamental task called mobile manipulation is required for such domestic service robots. Therefore, many humanoid robots have been developed with the ability of mobile manipulation (1–5). Recently, competitions such as RoboCup@Home (6), Mobile Manipulation Challenge (7), and Semantic Robot Vision Challenge (8), have been proposed to evaluate such robots. Since the tasks are implemented on domestic service robots, it stands to reason that natural interaction such as speech instruction should be used for the mobile manipulation. Here, we focus on the mobile manipulation using natural speech instruction such as "Bring me X" (X is an out-of-vocabulary (OOV) word). In order to realize this task, the integration of navigation, manipulation, speech recognition, and image recognition is required. Image and speech recognition are difficult especially when novel objects are involved in the system. For example, there are objects specific to each home and new products can be brought into the home. It is impossible to register the names and images of all these objects with the robot in advance. Hence, we propose a method for learning novel objects with a simple procedure. The robot, on which the proposed learningmethod is implemented, is intended to be used in a private domestic environment. Therefore, the procedure of teaching objects to the robot must be simple. For example, the user says, "This object is X" (X is the name of the object) and shows the object to the robot (Fig.1: Left). It is easy for a user to teach a robot many objects with this procedure. Then the user orders the robot to bring him/her something. For example, the user says, "Bring me X" (Fig.1: Right). As we mentioned earlier, such extended manipulation tasks are necessary for domestic service robots. However, there are three problems in teaching novel objects to the robots. The first problem is speech recognition of an object's name. In usual methods, phonemes of names must be registered in an internal dictionary. However, it is impossible to register all objects in advance. The second problem is the speech synthesis. A robot must utter the name of the recognized object for interaction with humans such as "Is it X?" However, conventional robot utterance systems cannot utter a word which is not registered in the dictionary. Even if the phoneme sequence of an OOVword can be recognized, 13


We investigate the underlying reasons for a firm to issue green bonds using agency and stakeholder theory as frameworks. We testhow different proxies for each theory explain the decision to issue a green bond. We also test whether these proxies are relevant togreen bond issuance amounts. We perform logit and fixed effects regressions using a dataset of green bond issuers and non-issuersin 27 countries for the 2013 to 2017 period. Our findings suggest that the agency motive is a key determinant of the decision to issuea green bond. However, agency issues seem to have only a partial impact on the size of the green bond issuances.


This letter presents a new greedy method, called Adaptive Sparsity Matching Pursuit (ASMP), for sparse solutions of underdetermined systems with a typical/random projection matrix. Unlike anterior greedy algorithms, ASMP can extract information on sparsity of the target signal adaptively with a well-designed stagewise approach. Moreover, it takes advantage of backtracking to refine the chosen supports and the current approximation in the process. With these improvements, ASMP provides even more attractive results than the state-of-the-art greedy algorithm CoSaMP without prior knowledge of the sparsity level. Experiments validate the proposed algorithm works well for both noiseless signals and noisy signals, with the recovery quality often outperforming that of l1-minimization and other greedy algorithms.


Density, viscosity and ultrasonic measurements of the solutions of nickel myristate in a benzene-methanol mixture (7:3 v/v) were carried out at 40°C. The results were used to evaluate the critical micelle concentration (c.m.c.) of soap and to study soap-soap and soap-solvent interactions. The ultrasonic measurements show that the soap behaves as a simple weak electrolyte in dilute solutions and the soap molecules do not aggregate appreciably in dilute solutions below the c.m.c.


The chapter represents a new model for healthcare system that is suitable for big data. The system contributes to enhanced living environments by providing a medical information searching to the users. To make the system suitable for personalized searching of information, a model for user profile is presented. In the chapter is also described a new reasoner that uses fuzzy logic and probability theory with respect to the big data.


Abstract THE reports of Heywang et al. (1954 (1955) and of others (Lamon et al., 1917; Frampton, 1961) show that cottonseed meal contains components which cause discolorations in cold stored eggs when laying hens are fed diets containing cottonseed meal. Because of these cottonseed meal is usually considered unsatisfactory in laying diets. On the other hand, cottonseed meal may be used safely as the source of some of the protein in diets for broilers and fryers. However, there appears to be no published experimental data indicating whether pullets raised for egg production might be fed cottonseed meal during most of their growing period prior to egg production without discoloration subsequently appearing in their eggs. Information on this subject is reported in this paper. PROCEDURE The experiment was started early in June with 13 groups, each containing ten day-old White Leghorn pullets, and was in progress for about seven months. The groups…


Oxidation of the cyclic hydrazides prepared from phthalic anhydrides in the presence of anthracene gives the corresponding Diels-Alder adducts which, on flash vacuum pyrolysis, give benzocyclobutene-1,2-dione (BBD) and its 4-chloro, 3,6- and 4,5-dichloro, 4,5-dibromo, and 4,5-dimethyl derivatives in 75–98% yield. Cyclobuta[b] and cyclobuta[a]-naphthalene-1,2-dione as well as cyclobuta[b]- and cyclobuta[a]-pyridine-1,2-dione have been prepared similarly; the last three of these diones are very unstable. Cyclobuta[b]naphthalene-1,2-dione has also been made by pyrolysis of benz[f]indene-1,2,3-trione. Attempts to make thiophen and furan analogues of BBD from appropriate anthracene adducts failed as did attempts to make tetrachloro- and tetrabromo-derivatives of BBD by the pyrolysis of tetrahalogenophthalimidosulphoximides.


Using an independent theoretical analysis, the orthorhombic long-period phase occurring in Nb-Rh, Nb-Ir, Ta-Rh, and Ta-Ir compounds is described in detail (symmetry group, lattice parameters, atom coordinates in the unit cell). The results obtained are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.


This research focuses on analyzing coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine by using theory of connotative meaning from Leech as the grand theory and from Hook as the supporting theory. The focus is on two kinds of connotative meaning, namely, positive and negative connotative meaning. The objectivities of this research are to find out and to explain the use of negative and connotative meaning. The research is qualitative by which helps the researcher to describe the data being studied. In analyzing qualitative data, there are various kinds of methods, including qualitative content analysis. The use of a qualitative content analysis in this research is to know, to describe, and to analyze the use of connotative meaning applied in Tempo English magazine, April 14, 2020 edition. The result of this research is that Tempo English magazine uses many connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions. There are 15 expressions as negative connotative meaning and 12 expressions as positive connotative meaning. The findings indicates that the use negative connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine are associated with threats in economy sector and associated with inappropriate government policies in an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19 as well as the impact of pandemic in many sectors. Besides, the use positive connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine are associated with solutions to avoid spread of Covid-19 as well as solutions to avoid the impact of pandemic, and associated with the government's responsibility and seriousness in dealing with preventing the spread of coronavirus as well as in dealing with the impact of coronavirus. Keywords: semantics; connotative meaning; coronavirus impact


There are several "subroutine packages" available today which may be used by programmers to obtain graphical output from computers. These subroutine packages are difficult for the non-programmer to use since he must write an executive program to make the appropriate calls to these subroutines to realize the desired results. There are individuals at all educational levels in most every discipline who are eager to use the computer, but who do not wish to get involved with any extensive programming. The language to be presented here is user-oriented. The formal syntactic definition of the language will be given using Backus-Naur Form. The definition will be presented in a manner which progresses from the larger syntactic units to the smaller syntactic units. Some of the semantic and pragmatic considerations which help to motivate the language will be interspersed throughout the formal definition. Finally, two illustrations will be presented to help draw the ideas together.


Limitations on incoherent and beam-beam tune shift values are calculated by using gaussian beam distribution for linac-ring type ep colliders. The advantage of this machine is achievement of multi TeV center of mass energies in lepton-hadron interactions at sufficiently high luminosities. Tune shift puts a limit on the number of electrons per effective area for the stability of proton beam and, therefore, gives an upper bound for the luminosity.


Numerical simulations of magic-angle spinning (MAS) spectra of dipolar-coupled nuclear spins have been used to assess different approaches to the quantification of dipolar couplings from 1H solid-state NMR. Exploiting the translational symmetry of periodic spin systems allows extended networks with 'realistic' numbers of spins to be considered. The experimentally accessible parameter is shown to be the root-sum-square of the dipolar couplings to a given spin. The effectiveness of either fitting the resulting spinning sideband spectra to small spin system models, or using analyses based on moment expansions, has been examined. Fitting of the spinning sideband pattern is found to be considerably more robust with respect to experimental noise than frequency domain moment analysis. The influence of the MAS rate and system geometry on robustness of the quantification is analysed and discussed.


Objective:To study clinical application value of subtotal hysterectomy with intact ascending uterine artery and discuss its influence to ovary function.Method:198 patients needing hysterectomy were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.98 patients in treatment group were treated with improved subtotal hysterectomy with intact ascending uterine artery,and 100 patients in control group were treated with abdominal subtotal hysterectomy.The operation duration,intra-operative bleeding,hospitalization duration,postoperative recurrence and cervix diseases,as well as FSH,LH,E2 blood levels at the first,third and sixth month after surgery were compared between two groups.Result:There were no significant differences between two groups in operation duration,intra-operative bleeding,and hospitalization duration,while there were significant differences in FSH,LH and E2 blood levels,recurrence rate of uterus and cervix diseases.Conclusion:Improved subtotal hysterectomy with intact ascending uterine artery can protect the ovarian function,especially can protect from cervix diseases.As a result,it is favored by the patients.


This article discusses an innovative learning of a foreign language with the introduction of a variety of pedagogical techniques. This study examined a specialized institution, which does not provide for its graduates any further practice of a foreign language, i.e., direct contact of the future experts in linguistic areas with native language, which in turn complicates the formation of communicative competence


Described are the spray patterns of nozzles setup for banded herbaceous plant control treatments. Spraying Systems Company nozzles. were tested, but similar nozzles are available from other manufacturers. Desirable traits were considered to be as follows: an&en distribution pattern, low volume, low height, large droplets, and a single nozzle or short boom. The nozzles that best matched these traits are as follows: a TW flooding tip, a TF2 "Turbo" flooding tip, and 3 each XR8002 flat-fan tips spaced 19 in. apart---all best at 15 psi. Also, 2 each 9502E (even) flat-fan tips on a 2O-in. boom attached to a wand on a spraygun had a fairly even distribution (C.V.=O.38-0.40) and was superior to a regular wand for applicator control.


. Invasive plant species have been reported to have advantages over native species in growth-and physiological traits; however, such characteristics have not been discussed under saline, water-scarce conditions. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of salinity and drought stress and abscisic acid (ABA) application on the morphological and physiological traits of invasive and native weed species. We established three experiments as (i) salinity stress, control with no salt application, 100 and 150 mM NaCl; (ii) drought stress, control-no drought, 75 and 100 gL -1 PEG-6000; and (iii) ABA application, control-no application, 25 and 50 ulL -1 . Two weed species, the invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides and native Alternanthera sessilis , were used in all experiments. The study was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangements and twelve replications. Results revealed that both invasive A. philoxeroides and native A. sessilis species survived under high salt and drought stress conditions. A. philoxeroides species generally showed higher morphological and physiological growth under high salt and drought levels, showing higher tolerance to stress conditions than A. sessilis. Moreover, the morphological and physiological traits of A. philoxeroides were elevated more under ABA application. Our results showed higher values of morpho-physiological traits might partly explain the success of A. philoxeroides under saline and drought conditions.


Taylor rod-on-anvil impact experiments have been performed on a range of polyolefins. At impact velocity greater than ~250 m/s there are significant differences observed in the deformation behavior between the four polymers, which cannot be explained based on current understanding. During the initial stages of impact, mechno-luminescence is observed in all polymers and at all impact velocities. The location and length scale of this luminescence is consistent with the observed location of temperature increases that approach, and in some instances, exceed the melt point of the polymers.


Mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies may have a role in fostering recovery from early psychosis, through engaging service users' personal values and promoting a psychologically flexible stance. This paper describes using acceptance and commitment therapy in an early intervention setting.


According to the complicated calculation and low accuracy of fruits in the contracted water depth calculation of rectangular cross-section,and after sorting out the basic equations for the calculation,the power series is introduced and simplified to get the relatively simple iteration early-value function.Then after the first iteration,the approximate calculation formula is deduced by the mathematical method,which is simple,easy to remember and compute,convenient for practical application,and reliable in the result's accuracy.The analysis and application results show that in the range of practical engineering(ie,0α≤0.4,α as dimensionless water depth),the relative error of the calculation is less than 0.54%,which has a good application value.


In this contribution, we report on the approach of coherently combined spatially separated amplifiers to increase the output power and pulse energy compared to a single amplifier emission. For continuous-wave and Q-switched laser systems this is a widely known concept [1–3]. Recently, the concept of coherent combining was adapted to femtosecond CPA systems in a low power proof of principle experiment [4]. Compared to the CW and Q-switched case, additional aspects have to be considered when combining femtosecond pulses, like dispersion management and nonlinear effects.


The development of interior control theory has taken a long period during which people's understanding on it has changed with time. The development of interior theory can be classified as three stages, i.e. , initial stage, developing stage and consummating stage. The content of the theory was dichotomy in the initial stage, and now it includes three elements and five elements, which can be well represented by US COSO report. The key elements closely related to interior control now are the circumstance of control and the affection of hominine. While the supervision to the interior control process need to be strengthened.


Simple Summary This review provides an overview of the effects of exercise training on the major mechanisms related to cancer cachexia (CC). The review also discusses how cancer comorbidities can influence the ability of patients/animals with cancer to perform exercise training and what precautions should be taken when they exercise. The contribution of other factors, such as exercise modality and biological sex, to exercise effectiveness in ameliorating CC are also elaborated in the final sections. We provide meticulous evidence for how advantageous exercise training can be in patients/animals with CC at molecular and cellular levels. Finally, we emphasise what factors should be considered to optimise and personalise an exercise training program in CC. Abstract Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial syndrome characterised by unintentional loss of body weight and muscle mass in patients with cancer. The major hallmarks associated with CC development and progression include imbalanced protein turnover, inflammatory signalling, mitochondrial dysfunction and satellite cell dysregulation. So far, there is no effective treatment to counteract muscle wasting in patients with CC. Exercise training has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for CC. This review provides an overview of the effects of exercise training in CC-related mechanisms as well as how factors such as cancer comorbidities, exercise modality and biological sex can influence exercise effectiveness in CC. Evidence in mice and humans suggests exercise training combats all of the hallmarks of CC. Several exercise modalities induce beneficial adaptations in patients/animals with CC, but concurrent resistance and endurance training is considered the optimal type of exercise. In the case of cancer patients presenting comorbidities, exercise training should be performed only under specific guidelines and precautions to avoid adverse effects. Observational comparison of studies in CC using different biological sex shows exercise-induced adaptations are similar between male and female patients/animals with cancer, but further studies are needed to confirm this.


A mobile phone evolves as a data repository where the pieces of data have different owners and may thus be protected by different security policies. These pieces of data are used on an open environment controlled by a non-specialist user: the owner of the mobile phone. However, previous research projects have studied dynamic monitoring of information flows in a system. We believe that the results of these projects are well adapted for protecting information on an embedded system as a mobile phone. Nevertheless the difficulties to define the information flow policy that govern the information flow monitor is an obstacle for the usability of such an approach by a wide audience. In this paper we detail step by step the construction of a precise information flow policy for the Android operating system. Our main objective is to answer the following questions: in practice, how much sensitive information can be monitored on a real system? What information it is desirable to monitor on a mobile phone? What is the induced execution overhead for applications? Can we propose a default information flow policy?


Objective To explore the relationship between hyperuricemia and coronary heart disease.Methods 142 patients with suspected CHD were divided into two groups according to the results of coronary ateriography:CHD group(n=75)and control group(n=67).The patients serum UA、TC、TG、HDL-C and LDL-C were detected by the standard method.CHD group were divided into diffrent groups by two ways: SAP,UAP and AMI groups;1,2 and 3-vessel disease according to coronary ateriography,which is Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups.Results Serum UA level was elevated significantly in CHD group(P0.01),and TC、TG、BUN、Cr 、HDL-C and LDL-C have also statistical difference between the two groups(P0.01).In SAP、UAP and AMI groups,serum UA were statistical difference(P0.01).SAP group serum BUN level significantly lower than that of UAP and AMI group(P0.05),and serum Cr level significantly lower than that of AMI group(P0.05).While other index have no statistical difference(P0.05).There was statistical difference in Ⅰ,Ⅱand Ⅲ group,compared with serum UA level(P0.01).Ⅲ group serum Cr level significantly higher than that of I group(P0.05).while others,TC、TG、HDL-C and LDL-C have no statistical difference(P0.05).Conclusion Hyperuricemia was an important risk factor in CHD.The level of UA was positively associated with the severity of CHD.


Developments in information technology have resulted in the internet becoming a hub of not only personal but also commerce-related social interactions. Drawing on the Uses and Gratification theory, this study examines value derived from online customer communities and its influence on members' behavioural response. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a total of 221 members of independent online customer communities. Convenience sampling was used to select respondents and the collected data was analysed using structural equation modelling. The results show that respondents derived intellectual, social and hedonic value from their online customer communities though in moderate level. Affective social identity as well as communication performance were found to be significantly influenced by intellectual value and hedonic value. Social value was, however, not found to have significant influence on both affective social identity and communication performance. The results further show that affective social identity exerts significant influence on communication performance and on continued participation intentions. The findings of this study contribute to theory by demonstrating the utility of the Uses and Gratification theory in understanding value derived from online customer communities and its affective and behavioural bearing on members. The findings also have significant practical implications as they can be used by managers of online customer communities to harness practices that can improve perceived value associated with their communities. In so doing, the sustainability of their communities can be enhanced.


The elegantly concise introduction to this volume (1-8), subtitled "Of Tact and Moral Urgency", is indicative of the editors' proclivity to offer a prefatory piece that at once goes to the heart of two distinctive aspects of Baxandall's meditations on 'method', and subtly imitates his terse prose style. Their selection of a text from Baxandall consisting of but ten words signifies their desire to adopt a critical stance that reveals their own immersion in the problematics that arise in this author, perhaps the most seductive yet unknowable art historian of his generation. They write:


A new extract method of total DNA from plant was reported.The method combines CTAB method and SDS method.The total DNA obtained by the method showed to be more integral,pure and producing and suitable for PCR,Southern blotting,SSR and other molecular biology operation.


The park-and-ride financial subsidy of urban rail transit involves many areas. Constructing a workable model and optimizing the calculating method is an important topic to develop park-and-ride services sustainably. Combined with operational data of the park-and-ride system in Beijing, this paper proposes two subsidy-calculating models, the amount of subsidy model based on external effects and the correlation coefficient subsidy model. It then puts forward the operational subsidy-calculating model in practical application and estimates the amount of financial subsidy of park-and-ride. In this way, the maximization of government subsidy utility is realized and a theoretical basis for the subsidy calculation of urban rail transit park-and-ride is provided.


Academic libraries and, more important, all of higher education have been in the midst of a fundamental transformation over the past decade. Changes in information technology, requirements for increased accountability from stakeholder groups, and pressures to accomplish more with fewer resources have combined to produce a period of organizational restructurings that will require librarians to reshape their professional identities and roles.1


The establishment of NJS strain mouse as atherosclerosis model,including the origin,breeding objectives, breeding method, reproductive system,care and management were reported. The problem of decreasing in reproductive performence , the change of serum cholesterol level during the course of inbreeding and directive selection,and the feasibility of breeding method were discussed.


This work studies the conditions for obtaining finely dispersed powders of molybdenum and tungsten by restoration of their oxygen compounds by aluminum in molten sodium chloride.


Feedforward neural network can be used to detect structural damage,but the gradient descent method in traditional BP algorithm is vulnerable to local optimum.Particle Swarm Optimize(rPSO) can be capable of searching optimum in global scope,by introducing clone suppression in immune systems into PSO to maintain the diversity of particles.The hybrid algorithm(ImPso) can be used to train feedforward neural network.The computer simulation results show that the performance of neural network with the hybrid algorithm(ImPso) is better than the performance with traditional gradient descent method.


Neurofibromin (NF1) (the product of Nf1 gene) is a large cytosolic protein known as a negative regulator of Ras. A fragment of some 400 residues located at the center of the NF1 GAP‐Related Domain (NF1‐GRD) has strong identity with other molecules of the GAP family, which comprises, among others, the mammalian proteins NF1 and p120GAP, and the yeast proteins IRA1 and IRA2. GAP family members are known by their ability to promote the GTPase activity of Ras proteins, facilitating the transit of those proteins to their inactive state. Recent findings (Tong et al., 2002 , Nat Neurosci 5:95–96) indicate that NF1 may be involved in the regulation of adenyl cyclase activity. Our results show that NF1‐GRD cooperates with Ras in the anchorage‐independent growth capacity of Ras‐expressing fibroblasts, without affecting: (i) their ability to grow in low serum, (ii) their cellular adhesion capability, or (iii) the expression of key proteins involved in cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. On the other hand, NF1 overexpression induces an increase in the expression levels of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and specific changes in the activation status of the mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs). These results suggest the existence of a Ras‐independent NF1‐dependent pathway able to modify the levels of expression of FAK and the levels of activation of MAPKs. Because FAK and many proteins recently found to bind NF1 have a role in the cytoskeleton, this pathway may involve rearrangement of cytoskeletal components that facilitate anchorage independence. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 214–224, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this paper we present the semantics of RFuzzy, a fuzzy Logic Programming framework that represents truth values using real numbers from the unit interval. RFuzzy provides some useful extensions: default values to represent missing information, and typed arguments to intuitively restrict predicate domains. Together, they allow the system to provide constructive answers when querying for individuals satisfying constraints over the truth value in addition to the classical queries over the own truth value.


This study was conducted to investigate the current status of bovine fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in cattle slaughtered in abattoirs, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Visits were paid to slaughtered houses to collect bile samples from slaughtered cattle between 6.00 and 8.00 a.m. on each sampling day. A total of 378 cattle were observed for the presence of Fasciola spp., and Dicrocoelium spp. Bile samples collected were processed using sedimentation methods and viewed under the microscope for the eggs of these parasites. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were performed. An overall prevalence of 280(74.1%) was observed for Fasciola spp., the prevalence was higher at Abak abattoir, 118(80.8%) than Itam abattoir, 162(69.8%). Dicrocoelium spp. had an overall prevalence of 260(68.8%) with Itam abattoir having significantly higher prevalence of 172(74.1%) than Abak abattoir, 88(60.3%). Females [28(77.8%)] had higher prevalence of Fasciola spp. than males [252(73.7%)] while for Dicrocoelium spp, females [28(77.8%)] had higher prevalence than male [232(67.8%)]. The age group of 5-6 years had the highest prevalence of 58(85.3%) for Fasciola spp. and 52(76.5%) for Dicrocoelium spp. Significant difference was observed in the prevalence of Fasciola spp. according to age group. An overall coinfection of 222(58.7%) was observed between Fasciola spp. and Dicrocoelium spp. Fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis are still endemic in Akwa Ibom State with very high prevalence, this calls for urgent measures in the handling of meat before consumption. Also, the need for proper ranching in the rearing of cattle should be adopted in the state.


Manufacturing of aero-engine components has been improvised over the years, commensurate with technological developments in the aeronautics sector. Compressor blade plays a vital role in an aircraft engine and flaws in its production can have adverse impacts on the performance of an aero engine. Despite technological advancements, many defects arise in these single crystal blades, which are manufactured by investment casting. This paper presents the developments in the manufacture of compressor blades and quality control inspection checks on them, by performing Non Destructive Tests (NDT). Metallurgical observations furnish better explanations on the developments in blade manufacture from conventional casting to additive manufacturing Keywords— Defect analysis, Super alloy, Dye penetration, Metallurgical inspection, Quality control, Additive manufacturing


Primary orthostatic tremor (POT) is a rare movement disorder characterised by a tremor of 13–18 Hz in the legs with female preponderance. POT typically causes severe unsteadiness on standing which, when severe, may persist during walking. This can greatly impact day-to-day functions, including activities that require prolonged standing, such as showering. The response to medications is often limited. There are few data on medications for POT. Clonazepam and gabapentin are probably the two most efficacious medications to treat POT, whereas other medications such as levodopa may also have a role.1 On the other hand, case studies have shown favourable outcomes in patients treated with ventralis intermedius medialis (VIM) thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (DBS). Blahak et al also reported that four patients responded well to chronic spinal cord stimulation (SCS), at the cost of stimulation-induced paraesthesias.2 Here, we report the surgical treatment response and electrophysiology findings of two additional patients with severe POT.

### Case 1

The patient is a 74-year-old woman who developed progressive unsteadiness and tremor in the legs when standing at age 50. The symptoms improved when she leant on something to support and disappeared when she walked. There was also low-amplitude, high-frequency tremor of the outstretched hands. Surface electromyography (sEMG) showed a short duration (<50 ms), ~16 Hz sEMG bursting in all the recording …


The article contains the purpose behind which Manapad turned into a significant verifiable spot in Tamilnadu. It involves the way of life, strict condition, social foundation and family structure of the individuals who live in Manapad. The famous spots and vacationer puts in and around Manapad are given here. A decent number of motion picture scenes, short movies and promotions are being shot in Manapad because of its lovely view. The place Manapad is filled with historical information and acts as the livelihood of fishermen.


Through the discussion of the importance of regional culture in landscape design,the appropriate expressions of regional landscape and some means of creating landscape were elaborated in the paper.Based on the design of administrative center,the significance of administrative center in many aspects such as function,ecological and culture given by regional customs in the design were focused.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrode for a lithium secondary battery and the lithium secondary battery which are superior in short-time output characteristics at low temperatures in a simple and inexpensive way while maintaining a high energy density. SOLUTION: The electrode for the lithium secondary battery is the electrode for the lithium battery having an active material capable of storing or releasing Li ions, at least one kind of material having an electric double layer capacitance or a pseudo-electric double layer capacitance in which a sudden discharge potential descent of the active material at the low temperatures is enabled to suppress, at least one kind of conductive agent, and at least one kind of water soluble organic compound, and a material having the electric double layer capacitance or a pseudo-electric double layer capacitance has an acidic surface functional group. The lithium secondary battery is the battery using this electrode as the positive electrode. With this electrode for the lithium secondary battery, the lithium secondary battery is obtained in which the short-time output at the low temperatures is improved and in which an environmental load is less in manufacturing, and which is inexpensive. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI


In this article the concept of organizational  structure of the knowledge is formalized as a system of cognitive relationships among individuals in conditions of non occasional interaction. The concept is inspired by the Prahalad and Bettis (1986) notions of dominant logic and in the notion of structure of the organizational knowledge of Lyles and Schwenk (1992). An exploratory study is accomplished to evidence that, with the concept, it can be overcome two challenges that appear when the analysis of the knowledge is taken from the individual to the collective level: the organization anthropomorphism and the formalization of the concepts.


TOWARDS THE end of this year building work is due to start on London's first children's hospice. When it is finished, about 18 months later, it will mark the achievement of a long-held ambition for nurse Anthea Hare.


Design and fabrication of the scaffold is an important part of the tissue engineering process. Nanofibrous scaffolds based on proteins are gaining increasing acceptance due to its structural similarity to the extracellular matrix. Making use of the electrospinning technique, rat tail collagen type I nanofibers were produced using a collagen in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solution. In addition to optimizing the electrospinning process parameters, the effect of humidity on fiber morphology and diameter was investigated for fiber size control for particular tissue engineering applications. A generalized humidity effect on polymer fiber diameter of the polymer solution electrospinning process was developed. The as spun collagen type I fibers were unstable in aqueous solutions. To impart stability these fibers, the technique of ion implantation was used. Both helium (He) and nitrogen (N) ions were used. Polychromatic ion beam of energies of 0 – 100 MeV (He) and 0 – 300 MeV (N) with doses varied from 4*10 ions /cm 1.2*10 ions/cm were used. The effect of the ion implantation process on collagen fiber stability was investigated as a function of ion dosages. While all implantation conditions gave stable fibers, their swelling characteristics vary. The structural and chemical compositional changes in the stabilized collagen type I fibers were investigated using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the lowest dose of both the ion species implanted had the highest degree of crosslinking and retained the largest amount of nitrogen which is essential for cell adhesion and important for tissue engineering.


Consider the datatype ordered dictionary. In addition to the usual dictionary operations (insert, delete, lookup) it supports operations for finding the immediately larger entry and possibly also the immediately smaller entry compared to a given element (findnext, findprevious). Of course, the extra operations require keys to be taken from an ordered domain. In a standard binary search tree implementation of an ordered dictionary some operations take time O(log n). van Emde Boas observed that if keys are restricted to the set {1, 2, 3, ..., n} then all operations can be done in time O(log log n) and space O(n) using a special data structure that has become known under the name of van Emde Boas trees [3, 2]. This note describes Emde Boas trees with an application, namely the implementation of Union-Split-Find on intervals. Other applications are given in the problem set. We start by considering a restricted datatype defining only three operations: • Operations: insert(x) Add x to T. delete(x) Remove x from T. findsucc(x) Return the smallest element in T that is ≥ x. Consider possible implementations. If the set is represented as a bit array, insert and delete take time O(1), but findsucc is very inefficient; in the worst case, it may take time O(n). Using red-black trees allows a time bound of O(log n) for all operations. Something better is possible, if we exploit that the underlying key universe is the set {1, 2, 3,. .. , n}. We can make a recursive representation, where Tree(n) distribute elements over √ n distinct versions of Tree(√ n). The latter trees are named bottom[i] for i = 0, 1, 2,. .. , √ n − 1. An element i = a √ n + b is represented by letting bottom[a] have the entry b.


Outline of the Derivation On the received view, Kant's derivation of the Formula of Universal Law fails, and, if I am correct, Allison's attempt to rescue it also falls short. But the Formula of Universal Law is not the only principle Kant defends. He also advocates the Formula of Humanity: "So act that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means" (GMS 429, emphasis omitted). Perhaps the Groundwork derivation of this principle is a success. This chapter explores whether Kant shows that if there is a supreme principle of morality then it is the Formula of Humanity. From the outset, we should keep in mind that Kant employs "humanity" in a somewhat technical sense. The term does not refer to the class of human beings but rather to a set of capacities. In the Metaphysics of Morals , Kant tells us that "the capacity to set oneself an end – any end whatsoever – is what characterizes humanity (as distinguished from animality)" (MS 392). So at the very least, to have humanity involves having the capacity to set ends. Kant, it seems, uses "humanity" interchangeably with "rational nature" (e.g., GMS 439). In doing so, he suggests that to have humanity is to have certain rational capacities. Indeed, for Kant the capacity to set ends is a rational capacity.


As a follow-up to data collected in the early 1990s, rankings of school subject preferences were obtained from 144 girls and 218 boys aged 11-12 years, and 269 girls and 300 boys aged 15-16 years. The overall rankings showed evidence of the persistence of gender differences in preferences for a number of curricular areas. However, changes were also apparent. Practical subjects appeared further up the rankings than previously, particularly for the younger students. This finding may reflect a change in the status of such subjects relative to the more academic subjects. More inter-school variability between the subject preference orders was evident among the older than the younger students, suggesting a greater sensitivity to school-related factors among this age group.


Isomeric Cl/sup 38/ was produced by neutron activation of chlorine samples in a pneumatic irradiation facility. The decay of the Cl/sup 38/ isomer was investigated by various scintillation spectrometer techniques. The half-life and the internal conversion coefficient alpha of the 0.66-Mev isomeric transition were found to be 0.74 plus or minus 0.03 sec and (5.0 plus or minus 1.2) x 10/sup -4/, respectively. These data suggest a M-3 transition between an isomeric state with the spin I = 5/sup -/ and the ground-state of Cl/sup 38/ (I = 2/sup -/). (auth)


As a algorithm of true color image segmentation,watershed segmentation has less computation,better performance,which can also obtain profile and edge of mobile object.The algorithm was used for segmentation green corps from background for its performance.At first,a true-color greengrocery image of 640 pixels width and 480 pixels height obtained by digital camera,which was processed by morphological watershed in the software of matlab.The greengrocery and background was segmented by extracting its green vector,then processing by morphological closing.Direct application of the watershed segmentation algorithm to process image generally led to the over-segmentation phenomenon.The results could be effectively improved by computing morphological gradient of the image then using morphological watershed.


In this paper, we employ the big data method to structural analysis by considering the correlations between loads and loads, loads and results and results and results. By means of fundamental mathematics and physical rules, the principle, feasibility and error control of the method are discussed. We then establish the analysis process and procedures. The method is validated by two examples. The results show that the fast simulation method based on big data is fast and precise when it is applied to structural analysis.


Sample size can be chosen to achieve a specified width in a confidence interval. The probability of obtaining a narrow width given that the confidence interval includes the population parameter is defined as the power of the confidence interval, a concept unfamiliar to many practitioners. This article shows how to utilize the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) proc power procedure to determine an appropriate sample size and achieve sufficient power for a specified confidence interval. Two examples in sport and exercise science are used to illustrate sample size determination for confidence intervals in the dependent and independent t tests. The relevant SAS code and output are provided with detailed annotations. As the use of confidence intervals becomes a more integral part of studies in sport and exercise science, the reporting and analysis of their power should be considered much like that of hypothesis tests.


The observed upper bound on the spin down rate of the otherwise typical Soft Gammaray Repeater SGR 0418+5729 has challenged the interpretation of this source as a neutron star with ultrastrong magnetic fields. Current limits imply a dipole magnetic field strength of less than 7.5× 10 G (Rea et al. 2010), which is significantly smaller than that of a typical SGR. Independent of the properties inferred from X-ray timing, the X-ray spectra of neutron stars allow a measurement of their magnetic field strengths because they are distorted from pure blackbodies due to the presence of a magnetic field in a radiative equilibrium atmosphere. In this paper, we model high signal-tonoise XMM-Newton spectra of SGR 0418+5729 to place constraints on the strength of the magnetic field at the surface of the neutron star. Our analysis shows that neutron star atmosphere models with moderate magnetic field strengths (10 G) cannot fit the X-ray spectra, whereas, models with stronger magnetic fields are able to account for the observations. We find that the strength of the magnetic field at the surface is 1.0 × 10 G. This value, although lower than all of the other SGRs analyzed to date, is still high enough to generate the observed X-ray bursts from the source. In connection to the spindown limits, it also implies a significantly non-dipolar structure of the magnetic field. We discuss the results of our spectral modeling and compare them with other SGRs.


The Bailiwick of Guernsey is a British jurisdiction in the Channel Islands comprising several islands and forming a binary with the neighbouring Bailiwick of Jersey. The Bailiwick is an archipelago of administrative similitude and island-based jurisdictional difference. It is a dependency of the British Crown with a sense of independence and with identity and jurisdiction constructed within, between and across several island spheres. This is a setting of anomalous/autonomous territories, with the Bailiwick having a distinct geography of overlapping political jurisdictions that exhibit an administrative dialectics of place with islandness and archipelago-ness at the core of identity making. This article asks: How do the islands within the Bailiwick of Guernsey perform jurisdictional politics as territorial units? As well as discussing the islands' top-down administrative structures, distinct emblems of politicised island identity in the form of anthems and postage stamps are considered regarding the ways they contribute to island performativity and identity construction within their territorial setting.


SEVERAL hypotheses have been advanced regarding a physiological basis for the absence of nest-building, incubation, and brooding in cowbirds and other birds that are obligate brood parasites. Theoretically, it is possible that this involves inherent deficiencies in the production of prolactin and other hormones which normally mediate these behaviors (see reviews by Lehrman, 1961, and Eisner, 1960), as suggested by several workers (Hohn, 1959, 1961; Selander, 1960; Friedmann, 1960), but more in line with modern concepts of the evolution of endrocrine systems. (Medawar, 1953; Beach, 1958; Zuckerman, 1955; Gorbman and Bern, 1962) is the alternate hypothesis that the development of brood parasitism involves genetic changes producing refractoriness to hormonal stimulation of the neural mechanisms controlling these behavior patterns (Hohn, 1962; Selander and Kuich, 1963: 85-86). This view is supported by Hohn's demonstration (1959, 1962) that the pituitaries of breeding female Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) contain prolactin in amounts similar to those found in the pituitaries of breeding females of the non-parasitic Redwinged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). Selander and Kuich (1963: 86) suggested that hormonal treatment could not induce parasitic cowbirds to perform nest-building, incubation, or other behaviors that are not part of the normal behavioral repertoire of the species. This prediction was based on their failure to elicit these behaviors in Brown-headed Cowbirds in experiments involving the injection of estrogen, prolactin, and progesterone, alone and in combination, and the testing of responses to nests and cowbird eggs. However, Robinson and Warner (1964) have since claimed that captive female Brown-headed Cowbirds exhibit incubation behavior in response to nests containing eggs, and (p. 323) that "more than a 30-fold increase in incubation behavior" can be induced in young (three to four month old) cowbirds by daily injections of prolactin. The objective of the present work was to repeat and extend the experiments of Robinson and Warner (1964) with prolactin and to test the influence of progesterone and an estrogen on the behavior of captive female Brown-headed Cowbirds.


The purpose of research were to analyze the current working situation (after training) of English conversational skills (listening and speaking) for front office staff of Baiyok Hotel and to develop training course to achieve 70% up effectiveness criteria. In addition, need to survey the front office staff's satisfaction toward the training course. The sample, was selected by a group of experimental research, was 15 front office staff of Baiyok Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand. The study was conducted by questionnaires. The paired-sample t-test and effect-size were used to analyze the data in order to assess the staff's ability before and after attending the training program. Mean and standard deviation of items were used to evaluate the front office staff's conversation and satisfactions toward the training program. The results of the study were found after the course implementation, the front office staff gained higher scores at the significant level of .05, it showed that the content was useful and it can help the staff improve their skills. The next result showed that the staff's listening ability to customers' order/requests (4.03) as the most usage during their work and the staff's speaking ability to customers as the highest usage included English in different social occasions (3.94). The latest result of the most staff's satisfaction was the highest level in teaching & learning methodology (4.53).


Description of a microwave introscope combining multifrequency measurements and transversal scanning is presented. Longitudinal distance dependencies of reflectivity are obtained by synthesis from multifrequency data. The multifrequency measurements and synthesis is done in real-time. The apparatus carries out the measurements in free space and is implemented using measuring modules of scalar reflectometer of series P2 (R2). Combination of data in longitudinal and transversal directions produces radio images of dielectric structures with embedded objects. Some results of testing are presented.


Children are much more likely than adults to get serious injuries in car crashes due to their softer bones, weaker neck muscle and fragile bodies. Child restraint system (CRS) can help in reduce injury and prevent fatality in the event of a crash. Thus the aim of this paper is to gauge the prevalence of CRS usage among guardians of children age below 11 years old. A survey to addressed guardians knowledge on CRS usage, practice and their views on fitting child restraints system to their vehicles were carried out among parents and carers who are caring children aged 11 years old and below. Seventy-four percent (74%) out of 500 respondents cited they have used CRS, however only 40% of them is currently using CRS with their children. Respondent in Kuala Lumpur and younger guardians reported twice likely to use CRS. In addition, graduate respondents are 1.5 times more likely to use CRS for their children. In conclusion, high incorrect usage rate and understanding of the CRS could promote additional injury towards the children in a car crash. Many initiatives could be introduced before the implementation of the CRS law in Malaysia such as awareness, community-based programs and CRS clinics that aim to guide guardians on the correct and effective way of installing the CRS device in their car.


With the change of home and abroad political situation,socialist cultural and ethical progress is gradually strengthened.The demand for talent cultivation is higher and higher and professional and specialized development of colleges and universities counselor team construction has become a trend.However,there exist some realistic problems in the rapid development process.Through a survey of present situation,on one hand,colleges and universities counselor team construction should stick to follow the road of professional construction,specialized cultivation.It is not only the need for professional development of modern society but also the need for strengthening and improving college students' ideological and political education.What's more,it is the need for the realization of sustainable development of counselor team.On the other hand,we should face the problems existed in reality.In the aspect of solution project,we should try to break through concept and system to realize path optimization of counselor team construction.


General knowledge education is drawing more and more attention.In the process of general knowledge education,there exist such differences in orientation,objective,expertise advantages and education resources.This study argues that,simply copying from existing experiences of general knowledge education of other universities can hardly work out.General knowledge education system that fits with individual conditions has significant values.


This paper describes the Design and Prototype of vertical PVC pipe climbing device for gas leakage Detection. However, manually it is very difficult to reach up and inspect the vertical pipes for leakage or damage, because the pipe height is too long and sometime it installed in very high places and also the environmental condition is not safe. To overcome this type of problem and carry out the inspection more easily, we developed a PVC Vertical Pipe Climbing device to climb up and down vertically to detect the gas leakage, and when the leakage is detecting, the device is automatically stop on detected place. In this project we used the butane gas from cigarette lighter and check the leakage up to the level of 4 feet on vertical PVC pipe with the help of toggle switch. Here MQ-2 sensor is used with the device to help us for inspection of pipe.


Aiming at some problems such as concept,standard,security,application and key techniques for production existing in the bio-pesticide industry that impede the development in China,by analyzing and discussing,some countermeasure suggestions were put forward,as follows:①to establish the middle and long-term guiding plans for the bio-pesticide industry,strengthen macroscopical administration from correlative government departments;②to improve the RD,hasten the development of bio-pesticide products;③to increase the scale of this industry and forge some leading enterprises;④to strengthen the union of enterprises with research institutes,hoist whole technical level of enterprises;⑤to increase the support from governments at various levles to important products,and accelerate the structural modification of the variety of bio-pesticide products.


The utility model provides a needle valve bolt used for a hinged pipe joint (national standard GB3541-83). The needle valve bolt'is formed by a needle valve combined with a hinged bolt in simplified way; the needle valve bolt has two functions of the needle valve and the hinged bolt; if a user uses the needle valve bolt to fix tightly the pipe joint, the user doesn't need to arrange any valves to control the opening and closing of a pipeline. The bolt body as the major part of the needle valve bolt is provided with a bolt part tightly fixing the pipe joint and a hole communicating with the pipeline; the inside of the bolt body is provided with a needle valve shaft used for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline path.


In this research, the relationship between intention to leave and person organization fit is studied via determining of some variables. For data collection, Scale of Intentions to Leave developed by Rosin and Korabik (1995) and Person Organization Fit Scale developed by Netemeyer et al (1997) is utilized in the relational screening model research on 181 gymnastics coaches. Results have shown that coaches' intentions to leave are low and variables such as branch, gender, marital status and level of income have no meaningful effect. Participants' average scores are found to be high and level of person organization fit displays a meaningful difference in relation with level of income. In regards with results within correlations, there is a negative and mid-level relationship between intentions to leave and person organization fit levels of coaches in men/women artistic gymnastics.  Article visualizations:


Abstract In a contingency table with fixed marginal totals, and with row totals or column totals equal to each other, the Yates correction and the Kendall-Stuart correction for continuity improve estimates of the unknown probabilities. Otherwise only the Kendall-Stuart correction may be relied on to improve estimates over the chi-square approximation to the uncorrected statistic. If some marginal totals are random, the Yates corrected statistic provides a test different than the test which uses the uncorrected statistic.


This study aims to analyze the prediction level of bankruptcy by the method of Altman Z Score on banking companies Go Public during the year 2010-2014, the prediction of performance by using intellectual capital in companies that Go Public during the year 2010-2014 and the influence between intellectual capital against the risk of bankruptcy on Go Public companies are battling for 2010-2014. This research uses quantitative method to know its direct effect. Meanwhile, to analyze the risk of bankruptcy using Altman Z-Score and to analyze intellectual capital using VAIC.The results of this study are a) During 2010 - 2014 the average banking indicated bankrupt 43.45%, 50.34% gray, and not bankrupt 6.21%. B) The average value of intellectual capital in 2010-2014 with the top category of 24.14%, good as much as 38.62%, common as much as 28.28% and bad as much as 8.97%. Thus it can be said that intellectual capital of banking in Indonesia is relatively good to support company performance. C) There is a significant negative influence between intellectual capital against bankruptcy risk. Keywords : Bankruptcy, Intellectual Capital


During the last year, the Fermilab Doubler magnets have benefited from a development effort to upgrade the performance of the superconducting magnets. This paper presents the results of this effort. The design philosophy and the fabrication techniques used on current magnets will be discussed, along with innovative laminated tooling which has been designed to give Fermilab a two dipole a day production capability. Specific topics to be discussed are coil geometry, coil winding techniques, coil clamp collars, buss geometry and insulation, integral quench heaters for quench protection, coil twist, coil helium irrigation and assembly techniques that assure azimuthal preload and accurate coil size.


In cast iron foundry operations like melting, casting, feetling, casts cleaning and grinding of a high amount of dusts are produced. Three kinds of dusts from different parts of cast iron foundry were analysed; chemical analyses, granulometric analyses and microscopic analyses were carried out. The bentonite sand mixtures with different portion of dusts were prepared. Technological properties of prepared sand mixtures (compression strength, shearing strength and permeability) were measured.


In order to reduce the induced voltage of the metal sheath of high voltage single core cable and reduce the excavation area, so as to increase the transmission efficiency and reduce the cost of the project, this paper studies the induced voltage of the cable line under the condition of the laying area. By calculating the influence of any adjacent three phase in double loop and multi loop cable, the influence of the multi loop cable is explored, and a double loop model is established according to the law. Then, the simulation results of electromagnetic transient simulation software ATP -EMTP are compared with the existing double circuit arrangement method, and the accuracy and feasibility of this method is verified. Therefore, it is suggested that the increase of the land use rate and the two aspects of the induction voltage of the cable metal sheath should be considered when the laying of the multi loop cable.


The development of a market research project for the importation of dental floss to the market town of Quito are intended to cover the shortage of this type of product, supplying efficient features low quality of products sold on the market today do develop an identification of needs, requirements, trends and preferences of this market, specifically oriented towards dental professionals registered with the College of Dentists of Pichincha. In general, it has determined that the dental floss is known as cotton wool with a common external tariff code 3005.90.10.00. A derivative of the common cotton story is more than 1500 years before Christ and that his great qualities to absorb it intended to use surgery being necessary to allocate 100% pure raw material. Ecuador does not record the production of this type of export product so identified is extremely low import processes from traditional countries and widely recognized as Colombia, Peru and from 2008 appeared as a new supplier is Mexico, with imports ranging from the 40 to 60 metric tons for each of these countries in what was by 2010…


This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the enzymatic complex addition and deactivated full-fat soybean particle size on performance of broilers in the period from 1 to 42 days of age. Four hundred and eighty male broiler chicks from the Ross strain were used, allotted to a completely randomized factorial scheme 2x2 (enzyme x particle size). The experimental diets were based on corn, soybean meal and (±1.5 mm or ±4.0mm) deactivated full-fat soybean, with or without enzyme. The enzymatic complex (xylanase, b-glucanase, mannase, pectinase and protease) was supplied in the dose of 50g t-1ration. The enzymatic complex addition increased (P=0.0531) the diet intake in 4% and the weight gain in 2.8% in the final period. The feed intake increased 3% in the final period and 2% in the total period in poultry that were fed with fine particle size diet. In the initial period, the chicks that ingested the coarse particle size diet had a 5% weight gain increase and had the greater feed rates. The addition of the enzymatic complex in diets with deactivated full-fat soybean improves the performance of chickens. The use of the soy with fine particle size (1,5mm) in the initial phases for chickens is not recommended.


The present invention, devices and provides an apparatus comprising a mechanism for heat transfer comprising a hydrofluoroether heat-transfer fluid, the heat transfer fluid, the following Another embodiment of the present invention is a method therefor.


The aim of the present study was to assess the DNA protection ability, free radicals scavenging activity, and phytochemical constituents of peel extracts of various species of citrus. Results showed the presence of carbohydrates, amino acids, glycosides, tannins, steroids and alkaloids. DNA protection assay showed maximum protection with methanolic extracts of peels of C. limon, C. reticulata, C. aurantium and C. sinensis as compared to C. limetta which showed less protection. DPPH assay used to assess the antioxidants showed the highest activity in the methanolic extract of peels of C. reticulata and C. aurantium with 75% and 86% respectively at 10 mg/ml. It is therefore concluded that C. limon, C. reticulata, C. aurantium and C. sinensis in terms of DNA protection and C. reticulata and C. aurantium in terms of free radicals scavenging activity are the best ones and these are the potential candidates to be used for further studies.


Objective:To observe the effect of herbs of activating blood circulation,herbs of replenishing Qi and Yin and herbs of removing dampness on advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in kidney and renoprotection for diabetic rats.Method: The model rats suffering from diabetes were induced by streptozocina(STZ).The diabetic rats were treated by herbs of activating blood circulation,herbs of replenishing Qi and Yin and herbs of removing dampness for six weeks respectively.The AGEs in kidney of diabetic rat were investigated.Result: Compared with the normal group,fasting blood glucose,kidney weight /body weight,blood ureanitrogen,serum creatinine and AGEs in cortex of kidney in diabetic rats were increased greatly.After treated by Chinese herbs,AGEs were decreased and the kidneys were protected.Conclusion:Herbs of activating blood circulation,herbs of replenishing Qi and Yin and herbs of removing dampness may delay the development of diabetes complications through inhibiting AGEs in kidney of diabetic rat.


The CRTS Ⅱ type ballastless track slab prefabrication technology was introduced,the ballastless track structure was improved,which realized the unification of roadbed,bridge and tunnel section ballastless track structure,simplified track slab production and base concrete construction.The practice proved that CRTS Ⅱ type slab ballastless track effect utilization guaranteed line high smoothness,enhance passengers comfort and reduced abrasion between steel track and train wheel.


The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts of blended learning in increasing interest in learning Social Sciences in a secondary school. This study uses the Kemmis McTaggart action research model. The research was carried out throughout two cycles. Each cycle includes four levels, namely planning, implementation of activities, supervision, and contemplation consisting of 3 meetings per cycle. The data collection techniques used were observation forms, field notes, documents, questionnaires, and tests. A descriptive analysis of qualitative data was used to analyze the data. The results of the study prove that the use of blended learning in this school can increase interest in learning social studies using the blended learning phase between traditional courses and virtual/virtual courses. In-class learning and teacher-supervised mixed learning, and virtual classroom learning require students to study independently without teacher supervision. Using this type of learning will increase students' interest in learning from Cycle I to Cycle II. The average value of the first cycle is 63.5%, and the average value of the second cycle is 81%. Various aspects also experienced development. From cycle I to cycle II the average aspect of student attention experienced an escalation of 20%. From Cycle I to Cycle II, thirst increased by an average of 17%. Activity increased by an average of 19%. Cycle I and Cycle II curiosity increased by 21%. Enjoyment period I to period II increased by 17%. Confidence increased 16% from Cycle I to Cycle II.


We investigated rotifer composition in relation to environmental variables and between-lake distance, proxies for niche properties and dispersal, respectively. For this purpose, a total of 218 lakes from different altitudinal belts (lowland, montane, subalpine, and alpine) in Trentino South Tyrol (Italy) were sampled. In multivariate and indicator species analyses, planktonic genera such as Asplanchna and Filinia were typical for low-altitude (i.e. lowland and montane) lakes. Depth and alkalinity, linked to habitat complexity, were the specific environmental features that determined species composition in these lakes. High-altitude (i.e. subalpine and alpine) lakes were characterised by rotifer communities composed of benthiclittoral taxa (e.g. Lecane mira, Bdelloidea) and generalist species adaptable to restricted environmental conditions such as shallower depth and lower temperatures. Habitat generalists such as Polyarthra gr. vulgaris-dolichoptera were found in lakes of all altitudinal belts and had a poor discriminate value. Rare species were also frequent across altitudinal belts, underlining that every habitat was unique. In different Mantel tests, rotifer dispersal was mainly determined by aerial rather than by terrestrial vectors as indicated by different metrics of geographical distance. Furthermore, species composition was similar in high-altitude lakes characterised by a similar restricted environment, while in low-altitude lakes multiple species assemblages were found. This study provided comprehensive information about specific rotifer assemblages and driving forces in lakes of different altitudinal belts. Rotifer assemblages were mainly niche-based in low-altitude lakes, while mainly dispersal-based in high-altitude lakes. This information is fundamental for detecting changes in ecosystem integrity and for responsible ecosystem management.


The normative documents, which determine requirements to the scope, procedure and methods of assessing the strength and lifetime of equipment of TPP, NPP and HPP developed in the 1970s-1980s relied on the technical capabilities available at the time. The calculations were mainly based on analytical approaches and were consistent with the safety factors taking into account the inaccuracy of calculation, possibilities of technologies of manufacture and diagnostics of resource defining elements, features made inherent at the stage of design of operating conditions. Currently, numerical approaches based on the finite element method (FEM) are widely used. They enable to perform simulation without adopting various kinds of assumptions, suppositions and simplifications, which is one of the significant advantages of this method. However, the accuracy of the calculation largely depends on the quality of the design model: specified external loads, conditions of matching of the elements, set boundary conditions. For long and ultra-long useful life of equipment, exceeding the design life two-fold or with a larger factor, application of conventional approaches based on regulatory requirement would lead to failure to meet safety factors, although their technical state is satisfactory. In this case, an improved approach is required, which would take into account specific features of particular equipment and extensive opportunities off ered by modern computational methods. The paper describes the basic principles of approaches currently used by JSC «NPO CKTI» to assess the strength and lifetime of power equipment [1 – 3].


Atelectasis can result from obstruction of bronchial airflow, compression of the lung or surfactant dysfunction. Middle lobe (ML) or lingula atelectasis in children is often due to asthma and usually resolves spontaneously, but in cases of more extended or prolonged atelectasis, bronchoscopy provides clinically useful information. Bronchoscopy allows direct airway inspection or potential pathogenic micro-organism isolation, whereas repeated lavage may be beneficial for mucus plug removal; foreign-body removal is therapeutic and may be even life saving. The anatomy of the ML bronchus creates conditions for poor secretion drainage, resulting in impaired ventilation and eventually alveolar collapse; repeated episodes of infection, inflammation and obstruction may eventually lead to bronchiectasis. Plastic bronchitis is characterized by the formation of large gelatinous or rigid branching airway casts. These casts are larger and more cohesive than those seen in ordinary mucus plugging; removal of central casts should be attempted before medical therapy to mobilize the casts.


This paper introduces the problems existing in ground 35 kV tranformer substation and expounds the vacuum alteration plan for 6 kV old high pressure switch cabinet It has made good economic benefit