This report concerns the application of medical image analysis techniques to serially acquired MRI scans, with the aims of identifying patterns of longitudinal change in the brains of dementia patients, and of distinguishing differences in these patterns between groups (such as patients and controls, or different dementias). A basic review of the clinical application is provided, broad analysis strategies are briefly summarised, and aspects of MR image acquisition are discussed. Further reviews are given for image registration and segmentation (as applied in the neuroimaging field), and of the statistical methods appropriate for longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of imaging data. Early results are presented from initial work using non-rigid registration, tissue segmentation and multivariate statistical methods to analyse a data set with two time-points and two groups. Some limitations of the work are discussed, and plans for future work are outlined.


The essence of the principle of publicity in criminal proceedings, explains its normative content and importance for the criminal procedure relations, formulated the concept of the principle of publicity in criminal proceedings. Selected characteristics of publicity, the main stages of the implementation of the principle of publicity associated with the adoption of a fundamental procedural decision in criminal proceedings, based on the analysis of current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine isolated and characterized the subjects of the implementation of the principle of publicity. Focuses on the mechanism of implementing the principle of publicity, the place, role and importance of investigator, Prosecutor, investigative judge and the court in criminal proceedings in the implementation of this principle, identified the gaps in legislation that affect its implementation in criminal proceedings.


In article research of human biomechanics is carried out in the case of registering his movements using a single accelerometer, which is located in a wearable device. Mobile phones, smart watches or fitness bracelets can act as a wearable device. It should be noted that the research is oriented at evaluating biomechanics using a mobile phone, but the results obtained in the form of algorithms and a general approach can be transferred to cases of using other wearable devices.


Twitter is one of the most popular social media platforms in the world nowadays. Twitter users in Indonesia are the fifth largest in the world and are always active in expressing themselves and getting information through tweets. A hoax is a lie created as if it were true. Hoaxes are also often spread via tweets. The spread of hoaxes is extremely dangerous because it can cause social discord and even misunderstanding. Therefore, hoaxes must be resisted. This study aims to build a system to detect hoaxes on Indonesian tweets. The objective of this research is to identify hoax Indonesian tweets by using the Naïve Bayes classifier with Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). This study collects and annotates tweets from hoax tweets post which sent by a user account. This study also applied several text preprocessing techniques to provide datasets. To provide the best hoax prediction model, this work splits datasets into training and testing datasets. There are four experimental scenarios that refer to splitting the dataset. The experimental results showed that the hoax prediction model using Naïve Bayes with TF-IDF had 64% accuracy and recall, 69% and 67% precision, and a F1-score respectively. This result is also superior to the hoax prediction model when using the Naïve Bayes classifier without the TF-IDF. It means that TF-IDF has made a positive contribution to improving model performance. Finally, this research contributes by detecting news with a proclivity for hoaxes and filtering what is classified as hoaxes or not.


Moisture is one of the critical failures affecting asphalt pavement. It has been recently found that moisture created by rainwater and undrained water deteriorate the bonding interface between asphalt mastic and aggregate. Using different mineral fillers can lead to different moisture resistance in the same mix design. Nowadays, waste natural materials allow agriculturists to receive more income by recycling in many industries. In this study, the researchers adopted bagasse and coconut peat grinding into very fine particle passing through the sieve number 200 (0.075 mm) to replace the mineral fillers. Although the indirect tensile strength (ITS) test is commonly used for evaluating the moisture damage resistance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) in a laboratory, there are some shortcomings in using this test, such as costly, heavy and indirect equipment. Another potential test that is likely to be more advantageous than the ITS test for evaluating the moisture damage resistance is the pull-off tensile strength (POTS) test. However, it is typically measured on a concrete surface, and no results using an asphalt mixture have been reported. The objectives in this study were to investigate the effects of waste natural fillers in asphalt mixture on adhesive bonding caused by moisture, and to determine whether the POTS test is a potential method in measuring moisture damage resistance in a laboratory. Results showed that the tensile strength ratios (TSR) of asphalt mixture with bagasse and coconut peat fillers are approximately equivalent to those with mineral fillers. Results also showed that asphalt mixtures with bagasse and coconut peat fillers can effectively prevent the moisture damage resistance. In addition, with the preliminary result, it was found that the POTS test showed a very good R square (R2) for a relation of TSR with the ITS test. As a result, the POTS can be a valid tool of quantifying moisture damage resistance with better simulating to field behavior, lower cost of equipment, and light weight.


THE prqsent outbreak of influenza in epidemic form is claiming considerable attention from a medical as well as from an economic and even military standpoint. Though clinically very similar to other epidernics in former years, it is nevertheless sufficiently distinct to merit a detailed description. The following notes are based on the study of the first fifty cases wlicih occurred amongst members Df the Royal Air Force in this hospital.


San Francisco-based Orlando Diaz-Azcuy's mastery of the home interior has made him one of America's most renowned designers. One of the West Coast's most well-respected and prolific designers, his elegantly composed rooms speak volumes for his spare, intelligent, and disciplined touch. His interiors--located in Miami and New York as well as San Francisco--combine a modernist approach of architecturally clean lines and urbane sensibility with smart flashes of bold color or a pedigreed period statement piece to balance a curated look. Regarded by professionals as a "dean of interior design" and a pioneer of minimalist design since the early 1980s, Diaz-Azcuy has been an epic if under-recognized influence to all those interested in interior architecture and design. With insightful texts on his design methodologies and sensibility, Orlando Diaz-Azcuy stands to be one of the most important interior design monographs of the season.


David Lewis famously proposed to model conventions as solutions to coordination games, where equilibrium selection is driven by precedence, or the history of play. A characteristic feature of Lewis Conventions is that they are intrinsically nonnormative. Some philosophers have argued that for this reason they miss a crucial aspect of our folk notion of convention. It is doubtful however that Lewis was merely analysing a folk concept. I illustrate how his theory can (and must) be assessed using empirical data, and argue that it does indeed miss some important aspects of real-world conventions. I conclude that whether Lewis Conventions exist or not depends on how closely they approximate real-world behaviour, and whether we have any alternative theory that does a better job at explaining the phenomena.


Abstract The evaluation of electromagnetic (EM) loads acting on conductive structures is one of the critical problems for tokamaks. This paper focuses on the main conductive components of the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR), which are vacuum vessel (VV) and blanket components. A multiscenario EM load-calculating simulator is developed. The simulator adopts circuit equations for the calculation of eddy current, magnetic field, and resulting EM loads acting on the VV. And for EM loads acting on the blanket components, an integral parameter method is applied. With the circuit equations and pre-obtained integral parameters implanted in the simulator, EM loads on the CFETR VV and blankets at different scenarios can be evaluated quickly. Results indicate that the simulator can be conveniently used for multiscenario and real-time EM assessment of the tokamak VV and blanket components.


With its definition of fascism (and particularly National Socialism) as an 'anti‐bourgeois revolution of the bourgeois', the provocative work of the historian George L. Mosse helped cast some light on the contradictory nature of the phenomenon. On the one hand, fascist respectability stems from bourgeois morality, and the Nazi can be regarded as the 'ideal bourgeois' (Mosse). On the other, fascist respectability is rather a corrupted version of its bourgeois ancestor and, though retaining very important features of it, can be considered as something new, which highlights the 'dual moment' (Aschheim) within National Socialism, where violence and respectability co‐exist side by side.


High specific energy, high power density, long cycle life, low cost and safer batteries are required for the advancement of electric vehicles. Current Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have highest energy density but they suffer from low power density. Energy is stored in LIBs by virtue of reversible Coulombic reactions occurring at both electrodes involving slow charge transfer in the bulk electrode materials and limited diffusion of ions from one electrode to the other. On the other extreme, electric double-layer supercapacitors store energy through accumulation of ions on the electrode surface, have very low energy storage capacity but very high power density. By combining lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), a high-energy density LIB material, with poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperinidyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA), a high-power density redox capacitor, we construct a high performance hybridized lithium battery electrode. The voltammetry response of the hybrid battery electrode contains two pairs of reversible redox couples at low scan rates. At high scan rates, the two oxidation peaks converge suggestive of electrochemical hybridization. The polarization in oxidation is limited by PTMA, avoiding voltage abuse on LiFePO4 component. The hybrid electrode shows enhanced capacity retention, 17.4% capacity loss after 1,500 cycles at 5C charge/discharge rate, mimicking the PTMA electrode behavior rather than that of LiFePO4. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals improved charge transfer after cycling, consistent with an activation mechanism. The influence of the hybrid electrode configuration and composition on the battery performance is also detailed. Kinetically controlled fast hybrid electrode charging leads to an electrochemical paradox: generation and co-existence of higher redox potential species (PTMA) in the oxidized form with lower redox potential species (LiFePO4) in the reduced form. Being thermodynamically unstable, this configuration forces an internal charge transfer process that equilibrates the redox state of the hybridized species, leading primarily to charging of LiFePO4. This translates into a highly relevant technological fact: whenever the electrode needs to be recharged, the rapid response of PTMA ensures the fast recharge. As such, >90% state-of-charge in the hybrid battery is reached within a five minutes time window of current pulse and relaxation sequences [1]. [1] A. Vlad et al. in preparation.


Current Air Traffic Control communications use shared very high frequency (VHF) voice frequencies from which pilots can obtain 'Party Line' Information (PLI) by overhearing communications addressed to other aircraft. A prior study has shown pilots perceive this PLI to be important. There is concern that some critical PLI may be lost in the proposed datalink environment where communications will be discretely addressed. Different types of flight operations will be, equipped with datalink equipment at different times, generating a 'mixed environment' where some pilots may rely on PLI while others will receive their information by datalink. To research the importance, availability and accuracy of PLI and to query pilots on the information they feel is necessary, a survey was distributed to pilots. The pilots were selected from four flight operation groups to study the variations in PLI requirements in the mixed datalink environment. Pilots perceived PLI to be important overall. Specific information elements pertaining to traffic and weather information were identified as Critical. Most PLI elements followed a pattern of higher perceived importance during terminal area operations, final approach and landing. Pilots from the different flight operation groups identified some elements as particularly important. Pilots perceived PLI to be only moderately available and accurate overall. Several PLI elements received very low availability and accuracy ratings but are perceived as important. In a free response question designed to find the information requirements for global situation awareness, pilots frequently indicated a need for traffic and weather information. These elements were also frequently cited by them as information that could be presented by a datalink system. The results of this survey identify specific concerns to be addressed when implementing datalink communications.


Since more than thirty years, surgical insertion of autologous aortocoronary bypasses from saphenous vein and mammary artery constitute the election treatment for patients with severe coronary disease. The lifespan of these grafts has shown to be longer with arterial tissue even though its use is limited by its restricted availability. This is why the saphenous vein bypasses, although having a greater risk of presenting occlusion, are the most used in these procedures of myocardial reperfusion. The reasons by which the venous grafts are occluded after its insertion in the arterial site are still not clear; nevertheless, it has been proposed that it could be due to different factors such as: surgical mechanical trauma, increment of arterial pressure and diminished friction stress. In 1996 the «no-touch» preparation technique of venous grafts was described, in which the venous bypasses were implanted in the coronary site along with the surrounding perivascular tissue and demonstrated to improve the lifespan of this type of grafts. Recently it has been proposed that the perivascular fat tissue could play a role in the vascular tone regulation and it has been even described the existence of an adipose cell derived relaxing factor (ADRF), whose nature has not been completely cleared yet. The objective of this article is to review the different factors related to the aortocoronary grafts' occlusion, the possible physiopathologic channels that form this phenomenon, the new surgical alternatives used for vein grafts preparation and the advances in the description of ADRF and its role in vascular tone regulation.


A third-harmonic RF system to increase the Touschek lifetime is under study for the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) storage ring, in particular for modes with high current per bunch. Multi-particle simulations have been done to study the bunch lengthening and shape in presence of inductive impedance and a third-harmonic RF system. INTRODUCTION The ESRF EBS is a 6GeV synchrotron light source, based on a hybrid multi-bend achromat lattice [1], which will be operating in Grenoble in 2020. The horizontal emittance will be reduced to 132 pm rad, i.e. approximately by a factor 30, compared to the present ESRF storage ring. The vertical emittance will be 5 pm rad. The RF system will provide 6MV accelerating voltage to recover the energy loss per turn U0 = 2.61MeV. The insertion devices will increase the energy loss per turn by approximately 0.5MeV when they are all fully closed [2]. The electron beam lifetime will be dominated by Touschek effect, due to the low emittances, and it is expected to be less than 2 h in few bunch modes. In Table 1, the lifetimes for multi-bunch (MB), 16 bunch (16B) and 4 bunch (4B) modes are shown, with the total current (I) and the bunch current (Ib). Table 1: Electron Beam Lifetime for the Three Modes Mode I (mA) Ib (mA) LT (h) % of use MB 200 0.23 17 70% 16B 92 5.75 1.7 25% 4B 40 10 1.2 5% A third-harmonic RF system to increase the bunch length and the Touschek lifetime of the electron beam is under study. HARMONIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE The total voltage of the RF system is the sum of the main RF voltage and the harmonic voltage. V (z) = VM (z) + VH (z) (1) where VM (z) is the voltage of the main RF system, VH (z) is the harmonic voltage and z is the longitudinal coordinate. ∗ firstname.lastname@example.com The optimum phase and voltage of a harmonic RF system are obtained with the following conditions [3]: V (zs ) = U0 (2) V (zs ) = 0 (3) V (zs ) = 0 (4) where zs is the synchronous beam position. The potential U (z) in this case is a quartic function around zs . U (z) = − 1 C ∫ z zs (eV (z) −U0) dz (5) where C is the ring circumference and e is the elementary charge. The voltage of a passive harmonic cavity can be changed by adjusting the difference between its resonance frequency fres and the harmonic of the RF frequency fRFh . The phase between the harmonic cavity and the beam is defined by the detuning angle ψ. tanψ = 2Q fres − fRFh fRFh (6) WhereQ is the cavity quality factor. With a passive harmonic cavity, the conditions of Eqs. (3) and (4) cannot be satisfied together, because there is only one degree of freedom that can be controlled. In the case of a high Q superconductive cavity, the detuning angle is very close to 90◦, so the harmonic cavity is almost in phase with the beam. From the potential U (z) we can compute the bunch distribution λ(z) [4] [5]: λ(z) = K exp  − (z) ασ2 δ  (7) where α is the momentum compaction factor, σδ is the equilibrium energy spread and K is the normalisation factor to have ∫ λ(z) dz = 1. We consider three possible cases to define the phase and voltage of a third-harmonic RF system in our simulation. In case 1 the conditions of Eqs. (2), (3) and (4) are satisfied. In case 2 only conditions of Eqs. (2) and (3) are satisfied and the zero-crossing phase of the harmonic voltage is exactly at the synchronous phase of the main RF system. In case 3 the zero-crossing phase of the harmonic voltage is obtained with a multi-particle tracking simulation: the phase is moved to the center of mass of the bunch at each turn, starting with the values of case 2. Iteration is performed until equilibrium is reached. In Fig. 1, the main RF voltage, the harmonic voltage and their sum are shown for case 3. In that case, the voltage of TUPOR001 Proceedings of IPAC2016, Busan, Korea ISBN 978-3-95450-147-2 1644 C op yr ig ht © 20 16 C C -B Y3. 0 an d by th e re sp ec tiv e au th or s 05 Beam Dynamics and Electromagnetic Fields D05 Coherent and Incoherent Instabilities Theory, Simulations, Code Developments


I n the process of Christian mission and inculturation of the Gospel, is syncretism always wrong? Are syncretism and inculturation incompatible? Is syncretism inevitable? Is syn cretism a necessary step in the process of inculturation? Is there any clear, agreed upon definition of syncretism? These are some of the questions raised when syncretism and inculturation come face to face. The word. "syncretism" has contrasting meanings and connotations, many of them pejorative. A number of theologians, however, view syncretism more positively, often approaching it from an anthropological rather than a theological perspective. For them it is a necessary stage in the process of inculturation. In light of this ambiguity, my view is that the word "syn cretism" cannot be redeemed. After briefly reviewing current thinking about syncretism and citing a number of historical ex amples of syncretism, I will focus in this essay on what I believe is the crucial issue-namely, the criteria by which to distinguish adequate and valid inculturation from inadequate and invalid attempts at inculturation.


Zirconate perovskites are known for their ionic conductivity. First principles study are performed to analyze the structural, elastic, electronic and optical properties of zirconate perovskites. The effects of alkaline earth metal cation substitution on their overall properties are further investigated. The calculations are performed using the projector augmented wave (PAW) within GGA-PBE and HSE06 formalism. The obtained results not only predict the properties in accord with the experimental ones, but also compare the efficacy of these two functionals.


Even though DMFT and DFT-LDA calculations allow to properly predict the itinerant-like electronic properties of transition metals and their oxides, as well as magnetic moments in ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) systems, the interplay between band structure, magnetism and many-body correlations is still intriguing and debated [1]. In particular, the relevance of the on-site Coulomb interaction in the d orbitals (Hubbard U) as compared to the nonlocal exchange interaction (J) is far from being clarified in depth even at the experimental level [2]. Furthermore, possible size effects are usually not accounted for by current theories, thus overlooking the role played by the electronelectron interaction in the early stages of growth or synthesis of magnetic thin films and nanostructures. Core-valence-valence (CVV) Auger decays can potentially provide information about an effective Ueff through the distribution of two-hole local density of states 2LDOS, so have the unique capability to probe intimately the electronelectron interaction in the valence band. Unfortunately, for most of the relevant systems, Auger spectra are featureless, thus leading to the astonishing conclusion that the behavior of some of the major magnetic materials, like Fe, is bandlike due to a Ueff small as compared to the band-width. All of this in sharp disagreement with the magnetic properties of the samples. In trying to resolve this puzzling contradiction, we resorted on Angle Resolved Auger-PhotoElectron Coincidence Spectroscopy (AR-APECS) which, by accessing to the spin coupling of the two valence hole final state, is capable to unravel the otherwise blurred multiplet structure in Auger spectra, and hence yields a direct measure of Coulomb and exchange interactions for each individual multiplet component [3]. We report on Auger spectra measured by AR-APECS with unprecedented accuracy on FM (Fe, Co and Ni), AFM (CoO and NiO) materials and FM/AFM (Fe/CoO) and FM/diamagnetic (Fe/Ag) interfaces. This novel investigation provides a completely new insight in the role of the electronic correlation in magnetic systems. The major results are summarized in the following:


Digital documents have been widely used for various applications. Various sophisticated image editing tools are available in market. Because of this, ensuring authenticity and integrity of the digital documents have become the major concern today. Here a technique is proposed for tamper detection of binary images. Image is partitioned into 3 × 3 block. The embeddability of a pixel is determined through a connectivity criterion. For making this technique strong watermark is encrypted using encryption techniques and distribution of watermark, over the image is done using zigzag ordering technique. Blind detection of the watermark can be done on the receiver side and authenticity of the image can be detected. Experimental Results shows that zigzag ordering distributes watermark over the image and tampering with the image can be easily detected without any additional information.


Recruitment probability in fishes may be influenced by the growth rate through the larval and early juvenile stages. We collected Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, by subsurface trawl hauls in the Kuroshio-Oyashio transition region and compared the otolith daily increment widths corresponding to the larval stage between early juveniles (original cohort) and adult survivors. The otolith daily increment widths were wider in the early juveniles with faster larval growth rate than in those with slower growth rate. Otolith daily increment widths tended to be wider in the adult survivors than in the original cohort after age 40 d. This result indicated that faster-growing larvae had higher probabilities of recruitment success and resulted in constituting a large proportion of adult population in the Japanese anchovy.


1. From Russia to South Philly 2. A Jewish Man's Game 3. Kings of the Court 4. They Were the Days 5. A Born Promoter 6. Black Baseball Thrives 7. Owner of the Stars 8. Trying to Buy the Phillies 9. A New League, A New Team 10. First Champions of the BAA 11. New Owner of the Warriors 12. Integration Arrives 13. One Year at the Top 14. Dipper Comes Home 15. Going to San Francisco 16. The 76ers Arrive 17. The Final Years


To help optimize online learning platforms for in-service teachers' professional development, this study aims to develop an instrument to assess the quality of this type of platforms on teacher satisfaction. After reliability and validity tests and expert empowerment, the 27-item instrument was formed. Based on the information systems (IS) success model, this instrument was designed to measure teacher perceptions of the quality of online learning platforms from three dimensions, namely, content quality, technical quality, and service quality. Moreover, the developed instrument was used to analyze the effects of the National Teacher Training Platform amid the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The findings revealed that the improvement of the platform's style, tool function, operating efficiency, and teaching methods could enhance teachers' experience of online training.


A polyethylene mulch system that changes its predominant surface color from black to white in the field has been developed and used to grow tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Mountain Pride) and squash [Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo (L.) Alef. cv. Dixie Hybrid]. The system uses a black photodegradable polyethylene mulch placed on top of a white nondegradable polyethylene mulch (photodegradable mulch overlay system). As the black photodegradable mulch degrades with increasing exposure to radiation, the white mulch surface is exposed. Differences among plastic systems in the percentage that breaks down may be explained by differential shading of the mulch by the vegetative growth of the crops. None of the formulations of the Plastigone brand photodegradable mulches in the photodegradable mulch overlay system bad an effect on tomato or squash production. As the color of the system changed from black to white, soil temperatures under the mulch decreased. Tomato production remained unaffected in one of the two years as long as the mulch remained black for at least the first 20 days during that season. In year 2, the controlled mulch system color change affected neither tomato nor squash production relative to nondegradable white and black mulches used as controls


The adjacent relation of mechanism kinematic chain is represented by a primary adjacency matrix by using primes to mark its components.An isomorphism identification matrix results from the primary adjacency matrix and prime products representing secondary adjacent relation,and uses its determinant and solution vector of linear equation system to identify mechanism isomorphism.Dynamically,the identification matrix is modified by new primes on the basis of the classification of solution vector elements.The result generates a solution vector with independent elements,which determines the positions of all nodes in the topological graph of a kinematic chain.Furthermore,a mapping relation,which results in a necessary and sufficient condition for isomorphism,is established between componential codes of two isomorphic mechanisms.As a result,this new identification method utilizes varying primes to virtually destruct the symmetry of the topological graph and change local and secondary adjacency relations among nodes under unchanged topological structure.Then,this method is also available for isomorphism identification of general undirected graphs.Applied examples show that it is very effective and reliable for automatic identification with code mapping of isomorphism mechanisms and polynomial algorithm for computation time.


Cory Doctorow discussed many startling issues in his keynote about contemporary digital rights. The talk emphasized how the PC, the Internet, and crypto were once tools that helped us. Now, those tools are used to control us. The ex-EFF cohort and science fiction writer went on to discuss many issues, including the spyware in Amazon Unbox, the DVR disabling broadcast flag, and the crippling of TiVo.


Objective To study the change curve of ADH in central diabetes insipidus after neurosurgical operation,and analyse the clinical significance of differentiating the types of central diabetes insipidus through the change curve.Methods The serum level of ADH was observed in 158 central diabetes insipidus patients undergone neurosurgical operation.The change curve of ADH in different types of central diabetes insipidus were painted,including transient,continuous and triphasic diabetes insipidus.Results The serum concentrations of ADH in transient and triphasic diabetes insipidus decreased after operation,and arrived the low point(41.7% and 63.6% of the preoperative serum concentration of ADH) after 2 d. The serum concentration of ADH in transient diabetes insipidus recovered to the preoperative level after 10 d.The serum concentration of ADH in triphasic diabetes insipidus arrived the peak after 7 d,then descended.The serum concentration of ADH in continuous diabetes insipidus fell in postoperative 1 d,and arrived the low point(33.3% of the preoperative serum level of ADH) after 7 d.The serum concentration of ADH in continuous diabetes insipidus postoperative 2 weeks was lower than preoperation.Conclusion Though the concentration change curve of ADH,the transient diabetes insipidus can be distinguished from continuous and triphasic diabetes insipidus.The correct differential diagnosis and seemly treatment are beneficial for patients' prognosis.


The advanced persistent threat (APT) is one of the most serious threats to cyberspace security. Posting back of exfiltrated data by way of DNS covert channels has become increasingly popular among APT attackers. Early detection techniques were mainly based on rule matching, whose accuracy may be affected by the subjectivity of the researchers. The rise of machine learning technology solves this problem. However, the current DNS traffic detection models based on machine learning lack the open-source datasets for training and they will lose detection accuracy for unknown malicious traffic whose abnormal points are different from the observed samples. As for the problem of insufficient data set, we propose a sample set enhancement method that simulating DNS attacks in the cyber range and using the captured flow as the training set. Regarding the detection of unknown malicious traffic, we put forward four new features (domain readability, domain structure, second-level domain phishing and IP discreteness) based on the principles for constructing malicious traffic. We use the decision tree algorithm to implement a detection model. In the unknown DNS data leakage traffic tests, our model achieved an average detection rate of 99.925%. After applying our sample set and feature set enhanced schemes to the existing work, the experimental results show that the enhanced detection model can detect unknown DNS data leakage traffic that could not be detected previously.


[1] "Candles? We can't have candles?" Dawn complains in the Season Six episode following "Wrecked" (6.10), in which Willow, black-eyed and high on the magics, fractures Dawn's arm in a car accident. Buffy explains to Dawn that "to you and me they're just candles, but to witches they're like bongs" ("Gone," 6.11). Thus Willow's increasing inclination toward and dependence on spells for both problem solving and recreation is tied down firmly to the metaphor of drug addiction. [1] In earlier episodes she and the freshly de-ratted Amy visit the concealed establishment of Rack, a warlock whose spells "last for days" ("Wrecked"). Inside his run-down shack, complete with sagging, mismatched furniture, stained wallpaper and crooked blinds, not to mention hollow-eyed, strung-out customers waiting their turn, Willow writhes on the ceiling, occasionally opening her eyes to the blooming, psychedelic shapes below her, courtesy of Rack's spell. Amy, meanwhile, spins blearily in a circle. "You taste like strawberries," Rack breathes into Willow's ear when the two first meet, as she sways unsteadily before him, eyes glassy and dilated. Yikes?


We study mixed integer conic sets involving a general regula r (c osed, convex, full dimensional, and pointed) coneK such as the nonnegative orthant, the Lorentz cone or the posi tive emidefinite cone. In a unified framework, we introduce K-minimal inequalities and show that under mild assumptions , these inequalities together with the trivial cone-implied inequ alities are sufficient to describe the convex hull. We study the properties of K-minimal inequalities by establishing necessary conditio ns for an inequality to beK-minimal. This characterization leads to a broader class of K-sublinear inequalities, which includesK-minimal inequalities as a subclass. We establish a close co nnection betweenK-sublinear inequalities and the support functions of sets with a certai n structure. This leads to practical ways of showing that a given inequality is K-sublinear andK-minimal. We provide examples to show how our framework can be applied. Our framework generalizes some of the results from the mixed int ger linear case. It is well known that the minimal inequalities for mixed integer linear prog rams are generated by sublinear (positively homogeneous, subadditive and convex) functions that are al so piecewise linear. This result is easily recovered by our analysis. So, whenever possible we highlig ht the connections to the existing literature. However, our study reveals that such a cut generating functi o view is not possible for the case of general non-polyhedral cones even when the cone involved is the Lore ntz cone.


Dugundji proved in 1940 that most parts of standard modal systems cannot be characterized by a single finite deterministic matrix. In the eighties, Ivlev proposed a semantics of four-valued non-deterministic matrices (which he called quasi-matrices), in order to characterize a hierarchy of weak modal logics without the necessitation rule. In a previous paper, we extended some systems of Ivlev's hierarchy, also proposing weaker six-valued systems in which the (T) axiom was replaced by the deontic (D) axiom. In this paper, we propose even weaker systems, by eliminating both axioms, which are characterized by eight-valued non-deterministic matrices. In addition, we prove completeness for those new systems. It is natural to ask if a characterization by finite ordinary (deterministic) logical matrices would be possible for all those Ivlev-like systems. We will show that finite deterministic matrices do not characterize any of them.


(A challenge for agriculture is to individuate strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from soil while preserving crop yield. Agricultural practices are reported to affect carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions from soil due to their effects on nutrient cycling and soil conditions (e.g. soil water content, soil temperature etc.). A field campaign was carried out to measure the effect of reducing irrigation level (drip irrigation, rainfed) and N fertilizer rate (170 kg N ha-1, 130 kg N ha-1, 0 kg N ha-1) on GHG emissions from soil and on crop yield on maize cultivated in Tuscany region (Italy). Main result highlighted that decreasing N fertilization of about 20% reduced cumulative N2O emissions (on average -42%) without decreasing the crop productivity, indicating that improving the N use efficiency could be the best strategy to reduce GHG emissions from soil cultivated with maize in our environment.)


We advance the feedback/cash as ammunition hypothesis, namely that firms hold cash to address feedback from stock prices to cash ows and growth opportunities. Firms with more liquid stocks are expected to hold more cash, the opposite of the prediction from a standard information asymmetry perspective on stock liquidity. The effect should be amplifed by growth opportunities. These and other predictions are supported in the data. We use the introduction of tick-size decimalization as a natural experiment where liquidity is exogenously shocked. The evidence also suggests that cash holdings and stock liquidity are mutually reinforcing. As predicted by theory, stock liquidity is affected by factors relating to information asymmetry, inventory risks, and transaction costs.


Hydrophobized soils are a new geomaterial to be used in hydraulic barriers. Insufficient knowledge of their potential harm and environmental risks is a primary hinderance in their application as a fill material. To address this environmental concern, leachate tests and seed germination tests were conducted on two soils (Fujian sand and completely decomposed granite) induced by two hydrophobizing compounds (Tung oil and dimethyldichlorosilane). Biological indicators, i.e., soil respiration, enzyme assays and biosensor assays, were conducted on the hydrophobizing agent, Tung oil. Total concentrations of heavy metals measured by leachate tests remained below guideline values, indicating that leaching hazard will be negligible during their service life. Biological assays revealed minimal impact on soil microorganisms by Tung oil. The results demonstrate negligible environmental impact of hydrophobized soils as fill materials.


This study aims on observing the social recognition and its aspects for men taking care of their outer appearances at current point where men are rapidly rising as the main consumer in the beauty industry while their interest for outer appearances are increasing. Therefore, we observed the overall trend and changes in social recognition for male looks by analyzing the contents of newspaper articles from 1990 to 2005 that play the critical role of spreading new information trend while reflecting the interest of people of a certain era. As a result, articles related to male looks were divided into fashion, hair, skin and cosmetics, physical image, cosmetic surgery, trend related to male looks, and male oriented stores and sites, and among them, articles related to fashion and skin took up the highest ratio. Especially articles related to the trend took up the largest ratio as it reflects the properties of two industries launching new products. Moreover, articles related to male looks tended to increase generally according to timely changes, and rapidly increased especially since 2000.


This paper introduces a novel leader-follower model for tracking a group of manoeuvring objects under a probabilistic framework. The proposed model develops on the conventional leader-follower model in which the followers are driven stochastically towards the velocity and position of the leader. Here we consider the dynamic of followers as a mean-reverting process and express it in a continuous-time stochastic differential equation. Instead of using a standard global Cartesian or polar system, an intrinsic coordinate model is utilised for the leader where piecewise constant forces are applied relative to the heading of the leader. Followers then mean revert towards the heading angle and speed of the leader, leading to a more realistic behavioural modelling than the more conventional global coordinate systems. Such a dynamical model is readily incorporated into tracking algorithms using for example the variable rate particle filtering framework which can accurately capture and estimate the manoeuvres of the leader and followers. The simulation results verify its efficacy under challenging group tracking scenarios and future work will explore automatic identification of group structure and leadership from measurements of groups of moving objects.


The present invention provides a selenium-containing donepezil analogue in free, salt or solvate forms, and applications of the derivatives in a pharmaceutical composition in the treatment, amelioration and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease. Activity test experiments in vitro show that the selenium-containing donepezil analogue of a formula I has an excellent inhibitory activity on cholinesterases (acetylcholine esterase and butyrylcholinesterase), an activity of clearing hydrogen peroxide in vivo, an activity of clearing peroxynitrite, an peroxidase activity of imitating glutathione peroxidase, and an activity of acting as a thioredoxin reductase substrates in redox reactions. According to the present invention, the selenium-containing donepezil analogue of the formula I can be used to prepare anti-Alzheimer's drugs. The structure of the selenium-containing donepezil analogue is shown as formula I, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R6 and R7 are defined in the specification.


When decoding the time code signal, determines the code data indicated by the time code signal in accordance with the kind of the received standard radio wave. For example, in case of receiving a JJY standard time signal, the T2, the time code signal is lowered at time t21, and t23 during the second, according to which the last falling time t23, the determination code data of the time code signal in the second period T2 indicated. Accordingly, even if it contains many occasions the noise component in the received signal, the time information can be properly detected.


The rat liver metallothionein was induced by administering 7 subcutaneous injection of CdCl2 to the wistar rat. The purification protocal involved homogenization of rat liver, heating, extraction by ethanol-chloroform, acetone precipitation, and finally, chromatography on Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-52 columns. Two isoforms of metallothionein, Cd5Zn2-MT- Ⅰ and -Ⅱ , with A250/ A250 20 were obtained. MT- Ⅱα domain fragment containing four cadmium ions was also isolated by digestion with subtilysin. 1H NMR spectra of MT- Ⅰ , - Ⅱ were in agreement with those reported in literatures. The spectrum of MT- Ⅰ α domain shows that there is no existence of β fragment in this preparation.


According to Porter and Millar [36], ICTs, by facilitating the capture, manipulation and transmission of information, enable products and services to be more precisely tailored to the specific requirements of individual customers. An increasing body of literature ([20], [29], [36], [37], [38], [39]) argues that once the movement of information extends beyond the confines of a single organisation it is possible to envisage changes not only to the organisation of activities but also to their distribution. The introduction of novel and intensified flows of information between companies is held to be key to the reorganisation of production. As such the specific manifestation of computer networks of interest here is the interorganisational network (ION). Piore and Sabel [34], Malone, Yates and Benjamin [25] and Dosi et al [11] suggest that IONs are precipitating the emergence of a 'postindustrial' era of economic activity with collaboration replacing vertical integration and firms concentrating more precisely on those activities in which they have a competitive advantage.


This study evaluates EBITDA as a financial performance measure and investigates the use of EBITDA in financial reporting. First, we take issue with recent comments that both the SEC and the IASB have levied against non-GAAP earnings numbers, and in particular EBITDA. While EBITDA allegedly provides an accurate reflection of the operations and abstracts from how assets are financed, we argue that (net) operating profit already provides this information without the necessity of making subjective adjustments. Also, our evidence suggests that EBITDA paints a rosy picture of the firm's profitability and cash-generating ability. Next, using textual analysis, we investigate the prevalence of EBITDA in financial disclosures based on a large sample of 15,895 annual reports and 51,758 earnings releases from S&P 1500 firms between 2005 and 2016. We find that 14.8% of sample firms disclose and emphasize EBITDA numbers. EBITDA disclosures modestly increase over time and tend to be rather sticky in nature. In our cross-sectional analyses, we find that, consistent with our hypotheses, EBITDA-reporting firms are smaller, more leveraged, more capital-intensive, less profitable and have longer operating cycles than non-EBITDA reporting firms. They also exhibit higher forecast errors and a higher likelihood of missing the analyst forecast benchmark. Additional tests further underscore the opportunistic nature of EBITDA disclosures as we find that these firm characteristics are more strongly associated with the disclosure of adjusted EBITDA measures, and less strongly associated with the disclosure of EBITA and EBIT.


Inclusion body myositis, polymyositis, and dermatomyositis are three distinct categories of inflammatory myopathy. Some authorities commented on the selective early weakness of the volar forearm muscles, quadriceps, and ankle dorsiflexors in inclusion body myositis. The most important feature distinguishing inclusion body myositis from the other two inflammatory myopathies is the lack of responsiveness to immunosuppressive treatment. Although most patients with inclusion body myosities have characteristic muscle biopsy findings, some cannot be distinguished histologically early from polymyositis. Presdicting responsiveness to mmunosuppressive medications, independent of muscle histology, would be valuable to clinicians. We retrospectively reviewed the pattern of weakness and other clinical features of 46 patients newly diagnosed with either inclusion body myositis, polymyositis, or dermatomyosities. Asymmetrical muscle weakness with prominent wrist flexor, finger flexor, and knee extensor involvement was specific for inclusion body myositis and unresponsive polymyositis. Male sex, lower creatine kinase levels, slower rate of progression, and peripheral neuropathy were also more common in inclusion body myositis and unresponsive polymyositis than in responsive polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients. Repeat muscle biopsy in 2 patients in teh unresponsive polymyositis group demonstrated histological features of inclusion body myositis. We suspect that patients with clinical features of inclusion body myositis but lacking histological confirmation may nonetheless have inclusion body myositis. Our study supports the recently proposed criteria for defintie and possible inclusion body myositis.


Abstract|THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF THE ERWIN STICKER UKM. Budi Marsono Undergraduate Program, 2011 Gunadarma University http://www.gunadarma.ac.id Key Words: Feasibility Studies, Payback Period, Net Present Value, Pro tability Index, Internal Rate of Re- turn. ABSTRACT : Scienti c writing is meant to analyze a project on ERWIN STICKER. The business is located at the top of the road no 130 Ciawi bogor. To nd feasible or not. The author uses four methods of calculation of the Pay- back Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Pro tability Index (PI), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). From the data obtained, the authors analyze how the business feasibil- ity of investment in ERWIN STICKER Capital Budgeting calculated using the method of getting the Payback Period 1 year 1 month 5 days, faster than the economic life of the business that is 5 years old, Net Present Value method of obtaining the results of Rp155 , 091,890.60, meaning they are positive. Then the method generates the 5:36 Pro tabil- ity Index. while the Internal Rate of Return method to get the 11:14


ABSTRACT Let f be a positive, continuously differentiable function on We consider matrices of the form . We show sufficient conditions for to be conditionally negative definite. We also study the positivity of determinants for two kinds of matrices and .


The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has been cooperating with the Republic of Kazakhstanin Combined Threat Reduction (CTR) activities at the BN350 reactor located at the Mangyshlak Atomic Energy Complex (MAEC) in the city of Aktau, Kazakhstan since 1994. DOE contract personnel have been stationed at this facility for the last two years and DOE representatives regularly visit this location to oversee the continuing cooperative activities. Continued future cooperation is planned. A Russian news report in September 1999 indicated that 75 metric tons of organic peroxides stored at the Plastics Plant near Aktau were in danger of exploding and killing or injuring nearby residents. To ensure the health and safety of the personnel at the BN350 site, the DOE conducted a study to investigate the potential danger to the BN350 site posed by these materials at the Plastics Plant. The study conclusion was that while the organic peroxides do have hazards associated with them, the BN350 site is a safe distance from the Plastics Plant. Further, because the Plastics Plant and MAEC have cooperative fire-fighting agreements,and the Plastics Plant had exhausted its reserve of fire-fighting foam, there was the possibility of the Plastics Plant depleting the store of fire-fighting foam at the BN350 site. Subsequently, the DOE decided to purchase fire-fighting foam for the Plastics Plant to ensure the availability of free-fighting foam at the BN350 site.


Regionalization substrate monolith catalytic species, comprising a first region and a second region, wherein the first region and the second region is axially arranged in series, wherein the first region comprises a platinum group metal supported on a carrier, and selected from iron, of manganese oxide, copper oxide of base metal oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, and mixtures thereof or supported on an inorganic oxide selected from iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, and mixtures thereof base metal, and the second region comprises a second base metal oxides are supported copper or iron, and is selected from iron, manganese oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, and mixtures thereof supported on a zeolite or inorganic oxide the second base metal selected from iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, and mixtures thereof on, wherein the second base metal different from the first base metal.


PURPOSE: To provide an epoxide resin for a cured resin imparting extremely high glass transition temp. CONSTITUTION: An epoxide resin is represented bar formula I (wherein R 1 -R 4 are same or different and a hydrogen atom or a 1-12C alkyl group, R 5 -R 12 are same or different and a 1-12C alkyl group, an alkenyl group or a glycidyl group and at least two of them are a glycidyl group and R 13 -R 20 are same or different and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a 1-12C alkyl group or an alkenyl group) and a process for producing the same is disclosed and a thermosetting compsn. containing a hardner for the epoxide resin and, if desired, a hardening accelerator is disclosed. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


New evidence from the internal male reproductive organs is presented to support a family status for Scutelleridae. From a study of nineteen genera, generalizations are made regarding the conducting chamber in Scutellerinae. Relationship of three subfamilies of Scutelleridae is discussed from a study of the genitalia of twenty three genera. The vesica is claimed to be a modification of the conjunctiva.


Client puzzles are commonly proposed as a solution to denial-of-service attacks. We analyzed the TLS protocol and implement Client Puzzles algorithm. We pursued the following objectives: analyze TLS handshake protocol and implement Client Puzzles algorithm using Hash Functions, Diffie-Hellman Base Puzzle Scheme and Threshold Puzzles. The originality of the paper is due to a comparative study of methods used to create the Client Puzzle solution. We also present measurements of execution time when our modified protocol is under attack.


Delhi is the third-largest metropolis of India. It is growing fast both in terms of population and area, and is poised to become a global city in the near future. Delhi's population has grown from 2.38 million in 1911 to 12.79 million in 2001. In 2001, it was spread over 792 sq km, 18.3 times increase over its spatial extent a 43.3 sq km in 1911. It has surged ahead speedily in terms of its economic status as well. It is not only the centre of politics, but also of manufacturing and services. The per capita income of Delhi in 2001-02 was over INR 43,000 – double that of India's average per capita income. The history of Delhi is rooted in the Mahabharata times; it was then known as Indraprastha, which according to popular belief was founded by the Pandavas. Coming down to the recorded history of Delhi, the Tomar Rajputs established the capital of their kingdom in the vicinity of Qutab Minar, in ad 736. They named it Lal Kot. When the Chauhans conquered Lal Kot, they renamed it as Quila Rai Pithora. Later, five more cities, within the geographical area of what is now known as Delhi, were created and eventually destroyed. They were: Siri, built by Alauddin Khilji, Tughlaqabad built by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Jahanpanah built by Muhammad bin Tughlaq, Kotla Feroz Shah built by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, Dinpanah built by Humayun, and finally Shahjahanabad, around the Red Fort built by the Mughal emperor Shahjahan.


A n old joke about nuclear fusion research is that the technology for generating a cheap and plentiful supply of energy has been "just over the horizon" for the past 50 years. The drug industry is the focus of similar optimism but with a shorter time frame: Its research pipeline is invariably


ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yiqihuoxue recipe on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods40 patients with AMI were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 20 cases in each group and received Yiqihuoxue recipe or fasinopril respectively for 6 months. Changes of clinical symptoms, the level of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(ATⅡ), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin (ET) and echocardiographical indexes: left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI), ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular mass index (LvmassI), wall motion index (WMI), wall thick (WT), E/A were assessed before discharge, and in the end of 3rd and 6th month after AMI.ResultsClinical symptoms of patients of treatment group improved significantly ( P0.01). EF and E/A of all patients in two groups increased ( P0.01 or P0.05), LvmassI and WT reduced ( P0.05), but there were no significantly differences between two groups in LVEDVI, LVESVI, EF, LvmassI, WMI, E/A and WT( P0.05). The level of plasma ET decreased in treatment group ( P0.05), the level of plasma ATⅡ and ALD of control group decreased more than that of treatment group ( P 0.05 ).ConclusionYiqihuoxue recipe can significantly improve clinical symptoms, cardic function, and left ventricular remodeling, showing a better clinical efficacy.


The network life for people brought biggest convenient,behave the well free development provided the vast space.But,we also should wide awake a ground of seeing,the Internet is on brings people the"a blade sword",in the evangel at the same time,network crime too quietly but to.Bring the society to endanger biggest.This text first step a trend,characteristics for analyzing involving network crime and beginnings explored to probe to defend the counterplan.


Efficient video action recognition remains a challenging problem. One large model after another takes the place of the state-of-the-art on the Kinetics dataset, but real-world efficiency evaluations are often lacking. In this work, we fill this gap and investigate the use of transformers for efficient action recognition. We propose a novel, lightweight action recognition architecture, VideoLightFormer. In a factorized fashion, we carefully extend the 2D convolutional Temporal Segment Network with transformers, while maintaining spatial and temporal video structure throughout the entire model. Existing methods often resort to one of the two extremes, where they either apply huge transformers to video features, or minimal transformers on highly pooled video features. Our method differs from them by keeping the transformer models small, but leveraging full spatiotemporal feature structure. We evaluate VideoLightFormer in a high-efficiency setting on the temporally-demanding EPIC-KITCHENS-100 and Something-Something-V2 (SSV2) datasets and find that it achieves a better mix of efficiency and accuracy than existing state-of-the-art models, apart from the Temporal Shift Module on SSV2.


Because less attention has been paid on the control model of high speed target,the 3-D visualization of target and the lively simulation of flying environment,traditional naval gun weapon system can not meet with the demand of the modern naval gun weapon system.In the paper,an improved training system was proposed based on Flightgear,and the real-time flying data of 6-DOF dynamic model was passed to Flightgear visual engine by its I/O port on network.In the process of flying simulation,the aircraft states,weather condition and geographic environment were showed in 3-D model,all the data can drive the simulation training course of the weapon system.The simulation results show that this visual flight simulation system is feasible,valid and economic.It can be considered as a way of.design training equipment.


In this master thesis, we implement a two-step anomaly detection mechanism for non-recurrent traffic congestions with data collected from public transport buses in Stockholm. We investigate the use ...


The space missions Galileo and Cassini have revealed the presence of several subsurfacic ocean for mid-sized icy moons, like Europa, Ganymede, Enceladus, or Titan. The viscoelastic deformations of the icy crusts coating the oceans can strongly affect the rotational response to the tidal torque of the parent body [1], in particular they lower the amplitude of the physical librations [6, 5]. The goal of this study is to give a comprehensive overview of the rotational response of a viscoelastic crust to the tidal forcing of its parent planet. I stress in particular how the librations and the obliquity will be affected, in considering the frequency-dependent rheology. I use both the analytical and the numerical tools. From the analytical study I propose a new way to see the librations and the obliquity, based on the geometry of the tidal torque. The numerical study consists to model the 3 rotational degrees of freedom simultaneously, i.e. the longitude, latitude, and polar motion, in propagating the relevant equations. They include a complete modeling of the position of the parent planet, from orbital ephemerides [3]. These ephemerides stress the influence of different frequencies present in the dynamics, because of the gravitational perturbations of the other satellites. Two tidal models are considered, i.e. the classical Maxwell model, and the Andrade one that is more relevant for high-frequency excitations [2]. A digital filtering, based on frequency analysis [4], is used to model the time variations of the tensor of inertia. The Maxwell time τM plays a critical role, as a limit between the elastic and the anelastic behaviours (Fig. 1). The results are tested in modeling the rotation and the deformations of the Jovian satellite Europa. I get a numerical modeling of the 3 degrees-of-freedom rotation of a viscoelastic, synchronous crust. It combines the rotational response with the tidal deformation of the body. It not only confirms the influence of the elasticity on the amplitude and phase of the longitudinal and latitudinal librations, but also provides clues on the future possibilities to validate or discard some tidal models from observations of the rotation.


This paper presents the design and the experimental implementation of fast and periodic output feedback controllers to minimize structural vibration, using collocated piezoelectric actuators and sensors. A linear dynamic model of the smart cantilever beam is obtained using online recursive least squares parameter estimation. A digital control system that consists of simulink modeling software and a dSPACE1104 controller board has been used for identification and control. The effectiveness of the controllers is shown experimentally by exciting the structure at resonance.


Speed- and distance control by automobile-drivers is described best by linear models when the leading vehicles speed varies randomly and when the driver is motivated to keep a large distance. A car-following experiment required subjects to follow at 'safe' or at 'close' distance. Transfer-characteristics of the driver were extended by 1 octave when following 'closely'. Nonlinear properties of drivers control-movements are assumed to reflect different motivation-dependent control strategies.


Over the past decade, structural changes is the way public art museums in the
Netherlands are funded, have been taking place. This has forced museums to
reconsider their economic strategies. This thesis explores the role of blockbuster
exhibitions in this strategy, by placing blockbusters within the commercialization
discussion. Through three case studies of large Dutch art museums, it looks at
whether due to the recent changes, Dutch art museums have started to rely more on
the income of these temporary exhibitions and if they have changed their exhibition
policies. The paper concludes that although the shift towards commercial activities is
evident, the core values if the museum remain intact. The subject matter remains at
the center of the exhibition strategies, and money is a resource rather than an
objective. Blockbusters are profitable for art museums, providing then with more
stability, autonomy, and the opportunity to experiment.


This research discovered some of unexcavated Lee Gwangsu's work presumably written during his stay at Shanghai. I found "The Opening Speech," one editorial and two pieces of poetry within the Korean version of The Young Korea's first issue, and one editorial in the Chinese version. In the same issue, "Declaration of Korean Youth Association of Independence," also known as "2.8 Declaration" and written by Lee Gwangsu, was published. From the second issue of the same magazine, "the Need and Method of Preserving and Propagating Korean" was found to be written by Lee Gwangsu. It is confirmed that Lee Gwangu authored "New Determination", "People and Government", "Self-awareness of the Citizen", and "Citizen, Introspect," all of which were originally published anonymously. Next, this research also found Lee Gwangsu's work published in Hyeogsingongbo. The existence of Lee Gwangsu's talk in Hyeogsingongbo adds importance to his newly discovered work in the same collection. Finally, this research discovered and determined that Lee Gwansu authored "an Absolute Independence" and "the Kando Incidence and the Course of Future in Independence Movement," also published anonymously in Dongnipsinmoon. This research has uncovered a number of works, contributing significantly to understanding Lee Gwangsu's works during his stay at Shanghai. Lee Gwangsu revealed the act of brutality that the Japanese committed in the 3.1 Movement of Independence and expressed the national determination and promise to achieve independence in two pieces of poetry, "a Girl with cut arms", and "Hurrah". Additionally, he emphasized the importance of our language and the necessity of preserving and propagating it in "the Need and Method of Preserving and Propagating Korean". Newly discovered works, including "the Price of Freedom", "Future of Korean", "People and Government", "an Absolute Independence", "the Kando Incidence and the Future Course of Independence Movement," and others, were mostly pertinent to the independence movement. Lee Gwangsu stressed preparing independence through education, well evidenced in his statement, "prepare and endure for a long time." Lee Gwangsu also advised Chinese intellectuals to join the independence movement in his work, "China will Regain its Power When it Beats Japan." Such works embody Lee Gwangsu's thoughts on language, literature, contemporary world, and independence movements.


The adjacent vertex distinguishing total chromatic numbers, and the adjacent strong edge chromatic numbers of General Mycielski of complete 2-partite graph Ml(Km,n)(l≥1,n≥m≥2) be obtained.


This machine learning study aims to identify prior to treatment the patients who are not likely to respond to drug therapy with α-blockers of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Medical records of 310 BPH patients are used. The data set is divided into two classes, namely positive and negative-response groups, with respect to the change in the patient's International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) after drug therapy. Age, IPSS, Prostate Volume, Post Void Residual Urine (PVR), Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), free-PSA, and Creatinine are examined as baseline clinical factors, along with our novel synthetic features in order to propose a decision tree to classify a new patient. Our learning scheme, which uses synthetic variable generation and selection routines along with the C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm correctly classifies 71.5% of patients, with sensitivity 71.3%, and specificity 71.6%. Synthetic variables do enhance its performance. Our prototypical classifier's success rate reveals that failure is predictable prior to medical treatment of BPH.


there is another way of looking at it: as the casebook to beat all casebooks. Here is a teaching instrument of unrivalled scope and depth, occasioning all the stimulus that comes from handling original materials directly reflecting the contemporary realities of the subject. It is possible to contemplate a course on international law taught exclusively from this volume —a course which would have the singular merit that it need never be repeated in exactly the same terms; for in each year one could use the current volume to replace its predecessor. The price of the volume (at $7.50, what other casebook or textbook can approach it?) serves only to enhance such a possibility. If the U.S. Government Printing Office could" be persuaded to produce it as a paperback, presumably the price would be even lower. Well done, Mr. Rovine; well done, Department of State; long may your latest enterprise flourish!


This user's experience with the new SLIM/BML package suggests that the current version of the DSS SLIM is not well suited for Business Policy courses because it requires more competence in programming than is possessed by most students. While game administrators can design SLIM-based decision models for student use, it is unlikely that many policy teachers will make the investment in time to develop the skill needed to provide these tools. SLIM is a positive contribution to the kind of technology which Business Policy games need and it is hoped that others will take up the gauntlet and carry us further toward the goal of useroriented DSSs.


Due to increasingly widespread electoral corruption, citizens are slowly starting to lose trust in the fairness of democratic elections. The main objective of VoteChain is the elimination of the aspect of trust from the electoral process, in order to make voting more secure, transparent, and easily accessible. This paper proposes and implements a robust system that enhances voting efficiency by creating an electronic platform on top of a distributed Bitcoin Cash blockchain ledger. Blockchain represents a time-stamped series of immutable data records shared across a distributed network. When utilized in the context of voting, it guarantees full anonymity, vote integrity, and a fair, incontrovertible ledger with verifiable election results to all voters. Moreover, the system offers the ability to vote via any Internet-enabled computer or smartphone, dramatically decreasing the overall election organization costs. The system is envisioned as an application that connects to the Bitcoin Cash blockchain network via a custom feature-rich library. After discussing the system's characteristics, design, and underlying technology, this paper presents an example election scenario explaining how VoteChain works in-depth. In the end, the system's possible shortcomings are outlined, along with its prospective evolution and potential improvements that can be implemented.


A series of pulse procedures was used to distinguish experimentally between a 'capacitative' (Schneider & Chandler, 1973) and a 'resistive' (Matthias, Levis & Eisenberg, 1980) model of 'charge movements' in skeletal muscle. A general condition describing the conservation of charge in a non‐linear capacitor that was used as the basis for the experiments is derived in the Appendix. It was shown that earlier criteria concerning equality of 'on' and 'off' charge in response to large steps are insufficient to exclude resistive models. However, the capacitative, but not the resistive model successfully explained results bearing on charge conservation assessed through pulse procedures involving: (i) small, 10 mV voltage steps from a series of prepulse voltages, (ii) voltage steps to a fixed potential from a series of hyperpolarized voltages, (iii) pulse sequences incorporating a 'staircase' of voltage steps. It is concluded that the earlier use of 'on' and 'off' equality in response to large voltage steps is insufficient to exclude a resistive basis for the non‐linear transient. However pulse procedures explicitly designed to distinguish the two models give results consistent with a capacitative model for the non‐linear charge and at variance with a resistive one.


Under heavy loading, lower boundary of contacting area on tooth flank of gears with small amount of profile modification can be trochoidally interfered by tip edge of mating tooth, because of large tooth deformation. Pits appear in that interfered area and can cause large surface failures like spalling or flaking. In this report, failures due to trochoidal interference are investigated in detail : Plastic flow and wear of tooth flank of several micron meters are observe in the interference zone in dedendum. The damage is clearer near tooth root of driving gear, compared with that of driven one. On the other hand, interfering tip edge is not damaged severely. Corner rounding of tip edge softens the failure condition due to trochoidal interference but the effect is limited. Simulation method for contacting state of helical gear teeth with tooth form modification considering trochoidal interference is developed.


A.Device DECOMPRESSION ENGINE INTERNAL. B.A CHARACTERIZED BY SHAFT COUPLING 24 INCLUDES AT LEAST ONE RELIEF CAM 26 CYLINDER AND A LEVER 32 RELIEF IS AVAILABLE BETWEEN 26 AND RELIEF CAM TRANSMISSION BODY. C.Apparatus APPLICABLE TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FREE ROCKER.


Network centred in internet has become the important part of college life. Network culture has been changing the students' spiritual life and inner world. How to explore, apply and take up this new field is a new challenging subject in ideaological and political work in higher schools.


Effects of various enzymes and extraction conditions on yield and molecular weight of beta-glucans extracted from two batches of commercial oat bran produced in Sweden are reported. Hot-water extraction with a thermostable alpha-amylase resulted in an extraction yield of approximate to 76% of the beta-glucans, while the high peak molecular weight was maintained (1.6 x 10(6)). A subsequent protein hydrolysis significantly reduced the peak molecular weight of beta-glucans (by pancreatin to 908 x 10(3) and by papain to 56 x 10(3)). These results suggest that the protein hydrolyzing enzymes may not be pure enough for purifying beta-glucans. The isolation scheme consisted of removal of lipids with ethanol extraction, enzymatic digestion of starch with alpha-amylase, enzymatic digestion of protein using protease, centrifugation to remove insoluble material, removal of low molecular weight components using dialysis, precipitation of beta-glucans with ethanol, and air-drying.


This research aims to identify the impact of work environment and career development on job performance. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to administrative employees in Surabaya. The data collected and can be used in hypothesis testing are 101 respondent data. Hypothesis testing was carried out using multiple linear regression in the SPSS 23.0 program. The findings of this study support the research hypothesis, namely that work environment and career development significantly have a positive effect on job performance of administrative employees in Surabaya


Ethephon (100 mg/L) was sprayed at early tillering or booming elongation stage of spring-planted sugarcane variety GT15. The results showed that the treatment sprayed ethephon at early tillering stage promoted plant growth, which improved economic traits, so stalk length, stalk diameter, stalk weight and millable stalks were increased, and higher cane yield than the control was obtained . This treatment also increased sucrose content in cane and improved juice quality. The treatment sprayed ethephon at booming elongation stage showed slight inhibition on plant growth, so stalk length, stalk diameter, stalk weight and cane yield were decreased, but sucrose content in cane and juice quality were remarkably increased. Furthermore, both ethephon treatments showed stronger drought resistance than the control. As a result, the treatment sprayed ethephon at early tillering stage was the best based on both yield and drought resistance.


Determining the effect of an individually selected complex of special physical exercises in archery and physical rehabilitation means on the functional state of the cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and sensory systems and sports achievements of Paralympic athletes. Material. To achieve the goal and solve the tasks of the study, the following methods were used: theoretical – search and bibliographic methods; empirical – medical-pedagogical and medical-biological research methods; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The analysis of scientific and methodological literature on practically healthy archery athletes allowed us to establish the important role of the nervous, muscular, and sensory systems in the realization of the archer's sports results. Physical loads in archery are static and well-studied in practically healthy athletes, but in Paralympic athletes, they have not yet been studied sufficiently, and the effect of physical rehabilitation and special physical exercises in archery on recovery processes in the post-training and post-competition periods has not been studied, so a scientific study of Paralympic athletes was conducted. It was found that the Paralympians of the experimental and control groups at the firing line before and after the first training session of the first stage (background indicators) had no significant differences between all studied indicators. Significant differences between the first and second stages of the study and between the first and third stages of the study were determined only in the experimental group. The positive influence of the use of a complex of special physical exercises in archery and physical rehabilitation means on increasing psycho-emotional stability and improving sports performance has been proved. It was proved that Paralympians of the experimental group were more stable in performing shots and outperformed Paralympians of the control group by the results of shots, which is also an argument for the application of the proposed changes to the plans of educational and training sessions. Conclusions. In order to improve and stabilize sports results, increase psycho-emotional stability in the preparatory part of training sessions of the preparatory and competitive periods, apply a set of special physical exercises in archery and in the final part of physical rehabilitation – back muscle massage, massage of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities and, on a free day, recreational swimming.


As the collapse of the Western Roman Empire accelerated during the 4th and 5th centuries, arriving "barbarian" groups began to establish new communities in the border provinces of the declining (and eventually former) empire. This was a time of significant cultural and political change throughout not only these border regions but Europe as a whole. To better understand post-Roman community formation in one of these key frontier zones after the collapse of the Hunnic movement, we generated new paleogenomic data for a set of 38 burials from a time series of three 5th century cemeteries at Lake Balaton, Hungary. We utilized a comprehensive sampling approach to characterize these cemeteries, and analyzed them within a careful interdisciplinary framework along with data from 38 additional burials from a previously published mid-6th century site. Despite many commonalities in burial representation and demography, we find striking differences in how close genealogical relationships were recognized and expressed in burial customs amongst these small, rural communities. In addition, each site demonstrated a unique genomic ancestry profile, though interestingly a significant relationship was inferred between genetic variation and the presence of a 5th century "female package" of dress accessories and grave goods. Notably, the range of genetic diversity in all four of these local burial communities is extensive and wider ranging than contemporaneous Europeans sequenced to date. Our analysis shows that the formation of early Medieval communities was a multifarious process even at a local level, consisting of genetically heterogeneous groups demonstrating a variety of social systems. We conducted an interdisciplinary paleogenomic study using a novel comprehensive, time-series approach, studying three mid-to-late 5th century sites and one mid 6th century site all from a localized region south of Lake Balaton (Hungary). We find very high levels of genetic diversity in this small region as well as significant variability in how genealogical relationships were reflected in cemetery organization. By carefully combining genetic, archaeological, and historical data, we demonstrate that post-Roman communities were formed by not only culturally, but also genetically diverse groups.


Food availability has been linked to changes in the biochemical composition of zoo- plankton eggs. However, a number of species are capable of resource storage and are thereby able to use accumulated reserves for reproduction during periods of poor food conditions. Conversely, in species such as Acartia tonsa with limited storage capacities, there can be a strong dependence of egg composition on ambient food conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of food availability on the carbohydrate, protein and fatty acid composition of A. tonsa females and their eggs after being fed with different concentrations of the cryptophyte Rhodomonas baltica. During the experiments, no significant differences in the biochemical composition of females were observed, although egg protein composition was higher in food-limited females. We propose that the produc- tion of protein-rich eggs by food-limited copepods is a reproductive strategy for ensuring the survival of offspring during poor feeding conditions. In terms of their relative biochemical makeup, there were no significant differences between both adults and eggs of A. tonsa and their prey R. baltica. How- ever, these biochemical similarities did not influence egg production. Rather, higher biochemical sim- ilarities were observed between R. baltica and eggs when females were food limited. These findings suggest that food-limited females may moderate the cost of reproduction by producing eggs without much modification to the substrates they ingest.


Emphysema of the gallbladder is a rare complication of acute cholecystitis. It presents as an acute fulminating cholecystitis with toxaemia setting in rapidly. It is characterized by the presence of gas in the gallbladder wall and pericholecystic tissue, early diagnosis is essential as its squeal are gangrene and perforation It is common amongst diabetics and elderly males and has a high mortality of 15-25% 1 Early cholecystectomy is indicated. We present one such case of emphysematous cholecystitis managed successfully by early cholecystectomy without ERCP.


Let E/Q be an elliptic curve, p a prime and K∞/K the anticyclotomic Zp-extension of a quadratic imaginary field K satisfying the Heegner hypothesis. Kolyvagin has shown under certain assumptions that if the basic Heegner point yK ∈ E(K) is not divisible by p, then rank(E(K)) = 1 and X(E/K)[p∞] = 0. Assuming that E has supersingular reduction at p and other conditions, we show using Kolyvagin's result and Iwasawa theory that for all n we have rank(E(Kn)) = pn and X(E/Kn)[p∞] = 0


Device passes solar-heated water through coils. Hot lithium Bromide/Water solution leaves through central stand-pipe, and water vapor leaves through refrigerant outlet at top. Matching generation temperature to collector efficiency helps cut costs.


The most valuable thing we have as nurses, health visitors and midwives is the respect and trust of the general public. However, last week I read about a case of poor practice being investigated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) - and I cringed at the details.


In this paper we consider the Laplace-Beltrami operator \Delta on Damek-Ricci spaces and derive pointwise estimates for the kernel of exp(\tau \Delta), when \tau \in C* with Re(\tau) \geq 0. When \tau \in iR*, we obtain in particular pointwise estimates of the Schr\"odinger kernel associated with \Delta. We then prove Strichartz estimates for the Schr\"odinger equation, for a family of admissible pairs which is larger than in the Euclidean case. This extends the results obtained by Anker and Pierfelice on real hyperbolic spaces. As a further application, we study the dispersive properties of the Schr\"odinger equation associated with a distinguished Laplacian on Damek-Ricci spaces, showing that in this case the standard dispersive estimate fails while suitable weighted Strichartz estimates hold.


Most engineers do not have adequate training on how to deal with the design and analysis of multi-factored experiments. Yet, both ABET and CEAB clearly state that an engineering graduate should be able to conduct, analyse, and interpret the results of such experiments. It is now recognized that the factorial approach is the correct and scientific approach in conducting multi-factored experiments. The question is: how do we teach the proper experimental designs and principles to students in a course in such a way that is easy to learn, fun, exciting, competitive, and memorable? In this paper, an approach that uses specially designed toys and software that allow students to conduct multi-factored experiments, analyze the data collected, and do follow-up experiments, is described. Several physical and software toys are described and how they are used in a course on experimental design for engineers will be presented. The software used to analyze and present the data is also discussed.


It is shown that on the space of lower semicontinuous convex functions defined on R', the conjugation map-the Legendre-Fenchel transform-is an isometry with respect to some metrics consistent with the epi-topology. We also obtain isometries for the infinite dimensional case (Hilbert space and reflexive Banach space), but this time they correspond to topologies finer than the Mosco- epi-topology.


Port locations are often selected to optimize access to land and navigable water. Many ports are therefore situated at the mouth of an estuary or along a coastline. Besides being economically important these locations are also often valuable from a biodiversity point of view. Human interventions along the coast such as port development often do not agree with local environmental processes. These interventions may be a threat to the existence of ecosystems on which our society depends in many ways. Therefore, there is an urging need for port development which is in harmony with nature and that contributes to the functioning of ecosystem services. Sustainable port development is widely regarded as 'the answer'. This study focusses on two opportunities that can contribute to the sustainability of a port: enhancing biodiversity and the circular economy within a port and its surroundings. Generally, higher biodiversity ensures increased functioning of an ecosystem and thus supports the services an ecosystem provides. Without these services life could not exist. Enhancing the circular economy can help in mitigating the environmental pressure of a port by producing less waste and using less raw material. A promising measure to enhance both biodiversity and the circular economy at the same time within a port is constructing nature friendly banks made of residual material. Since this is not common practice in ports, it is a relatively unknown topic. The aim of this research is, therefore, to broaden the knowledge base of constructing nature friendly banks made of residual material in a port. Therefore, insight must be gained into: • stakeholders and their interests in order to understand the system; • critical design aspects in order to be able to identify criteria for a suitable design. Interviews with important stakeholders with different backgrounds (Rijkswaterstaat, Port of Rotterdam, Municipality of Rotterdam and WWF) are conducted to gain insight into their interests. The interviews resulted in an increased understanding and knowledge in constructing nature friendly banks made of residual material within a port. Four critical design aspects were identified during these interviews: 1. stability of the design; 2. functioning of the port and its surroundings; 3. circular economy; 4. ecological performance. Profound insight into the critical design aspects is gained by inspecting them further by obtaining a case study research and a design study. Project "De Groene Poort" in the Port of Rotterdam has been identified as a suitable case for this study. This project aims at establishing nature friendly banks in the Nieuwe Waterweg by using residual material from the port and its surroundings. The Nieuwe Waterweg is unique because of the open connection between the river and the sea, making it an important area for migratory fish. A design concept of a nature friendly bank of project "De Groene Poort" has already been developed. The main elements of this concept are a dam parallel to the bank and a nourishment between the dam and the existing bank. The dam is made of coarse residual material and aims to create sheltered conditions at the shore. The gently sloping nourishment is made of dredged material and creates intertidal area that allows more room for nature compared to the existing, steep banks. The stability is the first critical design aspect. It applies to the dam, nourishment and subsoil of the design. The port area is a dynamic environment; the governing loads are ship-induced water movements and a semi-diurnal tide. The design of the nature friendly bank has to withstand these loads and integrate with the surrounding functions of the port; the second critical design aspect. The requirements with respect to the functioning of the port and its surroundings apply to the functions: shipping, flood safety and nature and recreation. The design of project "De Groene Poort" must not impose limitations on these functions. In order to define requirements for the third and fourth critical design aspects in-depth research is required as limited information and knowledge is available on ecology in a port and the circular economy in general. One of the main objectives of project "De Groene Poort" is to enhance the circular economy of the port and its surroundings; the third critical design aspect. The project can enhance the circular economy by acting as a valuable destination for residual material and thereby reducing waste flows and the use of raw materials in the port. Project "De Groene Poort" aims to use two types of residual material as a construction material: 1. coarse residual material (e.g. debris) as a construction material for the dam; 2. dredged material as a construction material for the nourishment. Besides enhancing the circular economy, using residual material can also benefit the business case of the project by reducing expenses on dumping fees and the purchase of construction material. However, there is a high uncertainty in the availability of coarse residual material. Therefore, the final design must be flexible and adaptive to uncertainties on the fluctuating and underdeveloped market of coarse residual material. With respect to dredged material it is expected that the project imposes a small demand relative to the supply. Therefore, it is not a limiting factor for the design. Another main objective of project "De Groene Poort" is increasing biodiversity in the port and its surroundings by enhancing the living conditions of migratory fish in the area; the fourth critical design aspect. The Port of Rotterdam is situated in an estuary; an important stepping stone for migratory fish that need time and space in this area to adapt to the changing salinity between the sea and the river. Potentially, this area could be filled with fish like salmon, sturgeon and trout. However, the existing banks in the area are designed to withstand unnatural loads that are the result of intensive shipping, leaving little space for nature to develop. The area is, therefore, lacking food sources and areas for shelter. Project "De Groene Poort" can add value to the port in terms of biodiversity by providing food sources and areas of shelter for migratory fish. In order to define requirements for the final design, habitat requirements of the following groups of indicator species are, therefore, studied: 1. migratory fish; 2. food sources for migratory fish; crustacean/molluscs/polychaetes; 3. shelter for migratory fish; riparian vegetation. By improving the habitat of these indicator species, the project is expected to improve the overall ecological state of the port. The design requirements with respect to ecology affect the following factors: 1. water movement; 2. substrate; 3. salinity. Based on the requirements with respect to the critical design aspects, five alternative designs based on the existing design concept have been developed and evaluated in this study. These include a zero state model, three alternatives with dams with a varying crest level and an alternative with only a nourishment along the bank of the Nieuwe Waterweg. It has been investigated if the alternatives enable the conditions suited for the desired ecological state. This has been done by simulating the performance of each alternative with respect to every critical design aspect. The optimum design seems to be a trade-off between the objectives of enhancing the circular economy and the ecological performance. The higher the dam, the better the ecological performance but at the same time the higher the uncertainty in the availability of material. In case a lot of material is available the highest possible dam is the preferred alternative. When less material is available a lower dam is also acceptable in terms of ecological performance. These alternatives are also expected to be stable and impose no limitations on the functioning of the port and its surroundings. It has been concluded that the project imposes a relatively small demand of dredged material compared to the availability. It is, therefore, expected that using dredged material as a construction material will have limited impact on the circular economy of the Port of Rotterdam. Overall, it can be concluded that the impact of using residual material as a construction material in a nature friendly bank on the circular economy depends on the dimensions and on the scale at which a nature friendly bank is constructed. This is also related to the space that is available along the river or channel at which the nature friendly bank is constructed. Furthermore, it has been concluded that a nature friendly bank can improve the overall ecological state of a port. Results in this study prove that the (hydraulic) loads on the bank can be dissipated in favor of local ecological conditions. This can be of high value in industrial areas like ports where every ecological development is a large benefit according to ecologists. Depending on their size and scale, nature friendly banks can also add value on a regional scale. A systems approach is thereby necessary, linking different projects in order to achieve benefits on a larger scale. Overall, it is concluded that a nature friendly bank made of residual material can enhance the circular economy and the biodiversity of a port. However, the execution of approaches and methods from this study are only applied to one case. Therefore, the body of evidence is limited. It is therefore recommended to further investigate the impact of nature friendly banks for example in other ports and on locations other than along a channel.


The changes in the early stage are both diffuse and focal, chiefiy in the grey matter, although some features suggest involvement of white matter. The Purkinje cells of the cerebellum may disappear in the acute stage, with little obvious reaction. Neurons throughout the whole central nervous system are involved. The chronic stages emphasize the occurrence of total necrosis, exemplified by small areas of degeneration in basal ganglia and in the white matter of the pons, by large areas of disintegration in the thalamus, and by diffuse or focal degeneration of all component parts of the cerebellar cortex, except the Bergmann's glia, astrocytes and microcytes. Calcium salts may be deposited in these stricken areas.


Experiments have been performed to observe the kinematics of multi-droplet moving in a stationary emulsion exposed to a horizontal electric field of different magnitude. The droplet motion is recorded by a high-speed CCD camera. A Lagrangian framework is outlined to simulate the kinematics of multi-droplet by means of cluster integration method. The droplet size distributions computed are qualitatively consistent with the experimental picture. It is clarified from computation that the effect of the electric field intensity and the viscosity of the oil on the droplet motion. Experiments have been performed to observe the kinematics of multi-droplet moving in a stationary emulsion exposed to a horizontal electric field of different magnitude. The droplet motion is recorded by a high-speed CCD camera. A Lagrangian framework is outlined to simulate the kinematics of multi-droplet by means of cluster integration method. The droplet size distributions computed are qualitatively consistent with the experimental picture. It is clarified from computation that the effect of the electric field intensity and the viscosity of the oil on the droplet motion.


This study empirically examines the determinants of capital structure choice of listed firms in Pakistan. A pooled sample of 535 public listed non-financial companies from 1988 to 2005 is used to establish the relationship between leverage and its determinants by using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) econometric framework. The results indicate that size of the firm and growth opportunities are positively related to debt ratio. A highly consistent result is that more profitable and highly liquid firms will avoid debt and will rely mainly on equity financing. Similarly firms with high risk and more tangible assets will use less debt. Moreover the results suggest that state owned firms have been financed heavily through bank loans and that there is a substantial decrease in leverage after the reforms in financial and corporate sector of 1990s in Pakistan. The secondary market development and financial liberalization has been associated with shift of firms from debt market to equity market. There is strong evidence indicating that choice of capital structure differs significantly across industries.


In recent decades, markets have become widely used for environmental resources. Prime examples include water rights where trade enables water to be allocated to the most profitable crops, and allows farmers more flexibility to cope with climatic variability (Bjornlund 2003). Similarly, tradable rights for air pollution minimize the cost of meeting air quality targets (Stavins 1998). The same principles can potentially be widely applied to biodiversity conservation. In this issue, we are fortunate to have a short but diverse series of papers on tradable rights in conservation.