Back in the heyday of computer hardware, some notable people actually believed that sentient computer programs were literally just around the corner. This prompted the great British mathemetician, Alan Turing, to devise a simple test of intelligence. If a computer program could pass the Turing test, then it could be said to be exhibiting intelligence. In 1991, the Cambridge Centre for Behavioural Studies held the first formal instantiation of the Turing Test. In this incarnation the test was known as the Loebner contest, as Dr. Hugh Loebner pledged a $100,000 grand prize for the first computer program to pass the test. I have submitted two computer programs to the 1996 Loebner contest, which is to be held on Friday April 19 in New York city. These computer programs are nothing more than glorious hacks, but in constructing them I have learned a great deal about how language works. In this paper I will describe in detail how my computer programs work, and will make comparisons with similar computer programs such as ELIZA. After this, I will explain why the Loebner contest is doomed to failure.


Matching finger prints is the most popular biometric technique used for providing authentication. Fingerprint recognition systems scans for raw image, performs little preprocessing, features are extracted as vectors and stored in fingerprint databases. A review on various aspects of fingerprint recognition systems is presented in this paper. The paper briefs various types of fingerprint patterns, followed by minutiae based approach. Fingerprint ridges called minutiae are able to capture the invariant and discriminatory information present in the fingerprint images. Pattern recognition based approach is also studied followed by wavelet based approaches. The challenges and issues relating to fingerprint recognition system are critically reviewed in this paper. It is important for fingerprint recognition system to use good quality, noise free fingerprint image as input to achieve high accuracy. Various fingerprint image enhancement techniques were also analyzed and discussed in this paper.


Measurements have been made of the net force F acting on a bluff rigid body moving with velocity U (relative to a fluid rotating about a vertical axis with uniform angular velocity Ω) in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The force F is of magnitude 2ΩρVU, where ρ is the density of the fluid and V is a volume which depends on the size and shape of the body. The relative direction of F and U is found to depend on the quantity \[ {\cal S}\equiv \frac{2\Omega L}{U}\bigg(\frac{h}{D}\bigg), \] where L and h are horizontal and vertical lengths characterizing the object and D is the depth of the fluid in which the object is placed.


Portable coolers and heaters use thermoelectric modules with an additional heat pipe as a heat transfer median. This research is to know the cooling temperature that can be achieved by the utilization of thermoelectric heat exhaust as heater with 6 volt input voltage. The effect of heat pipe USAge on cooling and heating temperatures is also observed. In this study the use of heat pipe provides a better cooling effect where the temperature is lower than the test without heat pipes for 50 minutes. Achievement of cooling and heating chamber under non-heat-free heat pipe 23.41 oC and 32.36 oC, whereas by using heat pipe the achievement of cooling and heating chamber reaches 22.83 oC and 30.52 oC. Tests by using an additional heat pipe as a heat transfer achievement of cooling chamber and heating chamber become lower compared with testing without heat pipe.


The alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii), is a species of conservation concern that is the subject of multiple head-start and reintroduction efforts across its range. In captive propagation programs, producing offspring that are in optimal physiological condition maximizes the likelihood of success after release. The purpose of my study was to compare stress and body composition between one free-ranging reintroduced population and two captive populations. The two captive populations were both housed in southern Oklahoma, but one group was reared indoors whereas the other inhabited outdoor ponds at a national fish hatchery. I used circulating glucocorticoid (corticosterone) concentrations as an indicator of stress level and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to estimate body composition. Corticosterone concentrations did not differ between captive and free-ranging populations, possibly suggesting that corticosterone is a poor predictor of stress in this species or under chronically stressful conditions. DXA accurately and precisely estimated fat mass (FM), lean tissue mass (LTM), and bone mineral mass (BMM). The captive-outdoor and free-ranging populations exhibited greater BMM than the captive-indoor population. However, both captive populations exhibited higher FM and lower LTM than turtles in the free-ranging population. A body condition index calculated by regressing log-transformed mass on length did not correlate with FM or BMM, but did correlate significantly with LTM.


An important problem in some communication systems is the performance of Linear Prediction analysis with speech inputs that have been corrupted by (signal‐correlated) quantization distortion or additive white noise. To gain a first insight into this problem, a high‐quality speech sample was deliberately degraded by using various degrees of adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM coding (two or more bits of quantization per sample) and by the introduction of additive white noise. The resulting speech samples were then analyzed to obtain the LPC control signals: pitch, gain,and the linear prediction coefficients. A distance metric proposed by Itakura was used to compare the original LP coefficients with the coefficients measured from the degraded speech. Other statistical techniques were used to compare the various measurements of pitch. In addition, the measured control signals were used to synthesize speech for perceptual evaluation, Results suggest that LPC analysis/synthesis is fairly immune to the degragation...


Current Code requirements for bridge design require considerable increased capacity in lateral strength and displacement demand. These requirements for increased lateral capacity is very significant in foundation design and detailing as well as in other portions of the bridge structure. Moreover, rational models for the substructure design and evaluation are needed for the development of a Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) code format. Therefore, modeling of soil and structure as well as the interface between them becomes very important and will have an impact on the design as well as evaluation. In this study, a non-linear finite element program (ABAQUS) is used to model the soil as a continuous medium around the pile. Cohesive and cohesionless soils are investigated using different soil models as well as different support conditions at the top and bottom of the pile. The results of the continuous soil analysis will be used to calibrate the discrete spring model and provide information on the accuracy and the applicability of these models. The results of this investigation will help to better understand the effect of soil stiffness on the structure and the accuracy of soil-spring models. The accuracy and applicability of these models for structural analysis under lateral loads will be verified.


. The poorly known mygalomorph Rav-eniola fedotovi (Charitonov, 1946) is redescribed based on the lectotype and paralectotypes (designated herein) and an additional material from Uzbekistan; the female of this species is described for the first time. It can be distinguished from other known Central Asian congeners by the presence of a triangular keel on the embolus and by a specific shape of the Y-shaped spermathecae, as well as the complete lack of posterior median spin-nerets.


Work described at this conference and future developmental work of water resource engineers will best contribute to professional improvement if such work is guided by appropriate objectives. Ultimately, these are to promote the general welfare. The civil engineering profession has historically contributed more than any other to the general welfare, but a new approach is necessary if we are to accommodate our work to an increasingly complex social structure and to its impact on the environment and ecology.


How times change. Many years ago, when I was working as a district nursing sister, a nurse working in my locality was disciplined for contacting patients by telephone rather than conducting face-to-face visits. Her rationale for calling patients rather than actually visiting them in person, was that she was giving the patients 'support' rather than hands-on care. Many of these individuals had long-term conditions and she was trying to encourage them to 'keep well'. Nevertheless, at that time this method of working was certainly not acceptable to management and she was disciplined. I trained, as you will see from my picture, many years ago when we were by and large an NHS that did not really empower patients to 'self-care', with developments such as the Expert Patients Programme not yet appearing on the NHS radar.


The invention discloses a device for measuring danks surface gas adsorption and danks desorption curves. The device comprises a super constant temperature box, a gas path system and a monitoring system, wherein the gas path system comprises a high-pressure to-be-measured gas cylinder, a vacuum pump, a helium gas cylinder and an adsorption tank; the monitoring system comprises an inlet end high-precision gas mass flow meter, a system pressure sensor which are arranged at the gas inlet end of the adsorption tank, and a temperature sensor and an outlet end high-precision gas mass flow meter which are arranged at the gas outlet end of the adsorption tank; the monitoring system is externally connected to a computer; the adsorption tank and the temperature sensor are arranged in the super constant temperature box. According to the device for measuring danks surface gas adsorption and danks desorption curves, the automatic collection and recording of methane desorption data can be realized, the measurement accuracy is greatly improved, and through calculation of the computer, the accuracy is improved, and the methane adsorption/desorption dynamic process can be accurately reflected.


This paper presents some theoretical and numerical problems that arise in inverse problems in electromagnetic devices.

The principal objective of the paper is to describe some computational aspects for inverse problems in coupled electromagnetic and thermal fields. We develop the necessary conditions for optimality using Lagrange multipliers. The state equations are mathematical models for magnetic field in case of time-harmonic Maxwell equations in vector magnetic potential formulation for axisymmetric fields. The model for the heat transfer is the heat conduction equation.

The state and co-state equations are discretised by the finite element method using domain decomposition techniques for the analysis domain. The analysis domain is divided into two overlapping subdomains for the two coupled-fields considering physical significance of the pseudo-boundary of the two subdomains.


International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research Available online at www.globalresearchonline.net © Copyright protected. Unauthorised republication, reproduction, distribution, dissemination and copying of this document in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. 144 Harikumar Rajaguru, Sunil Kumar Prabhakar Department of ECE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India. Department of ECE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India. *Corresponding author's E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The basestone is a kind of foundation part of the building and can be said to deliver the loads from the upper part to ground. It is the explanation of structural role for the basestone. But the basestone has been used as the decorative element in a building. So this study is on design of the basestone. First the type division can be studied as form of the basestones. Also the investigation of development aspect of them needs to as times and the spatial characteristics. Another goal of this study is on the design characteristics of the basestone from the comparison to the basestone in ancient Japan was initiated in the architectural technology from Korea. The results are as follows. In Baekje rectangular basestones were used in static space for ceremony and circular ones were used in dynamic space for life. Also the basestones with joojwa(smoothing surface for sitting on column) were used for accessory buildings rather than main. In Silla the same type of basestone was made in a temple but according to hierarchy of buildings the sizes of them seem to have been different. The other side in Japan carved basestones were for the main buildings and for the accessory natural stones were used to. According to the hierarchy of the buildings the kinds of stones were different.


ABSTRACT BaFe12O19 (BaM) hexagonal ferrite was synthesised through the co-precipitation route. The thermal decomposition behaviour of co-precipitated powder was studied by DSC-TG. XRD and Raman analysis confirmed the formation of pure BaM phase at 900°C calcination temperature. Morphological analysis was done using FESEM. The magnetic behaviour of BaM was analysed using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The saturation magnetisation (Ms) of 67.7 emu g−1 and coercivity of 5106 Oe was observed in BaM. BaM ferrite with a surface area of 8.2 m2 g−1 was used for the adsorption of methyl blue (MB) and sunlight-induced photodegradation. The optical band gap of the ferrite was ~2.9 eV. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model and satisfied Langmuir adsorption isotherm. BaM particles showed the maximum Langmuir saturation adsorption ability of 223.86 mg g−1 at an initial MB solution pH of 5.7. The free energy and enthalpy changes of the adsorption confirmed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the process. About 73% of degradation of MB was found within 3 h of sunlight-induced photocatalytic degradation. Reproduced BaM powder showed high adsorption and degradation efficiency even after five cycles. All these results suggest that BaM particles can be used as a promising material for the adsorption and degradation of MB in wastewater treatment.


Public participation affords public officials the opportunity to tap into diverse citizen knowledge that may help solve complex social problems. In order to best understand how to design effective participation, it is necessary to consider the perspectives of both public administrators and citizens; however, public administration literature has focused less on the citizen perspective. This article narrows the gap in the literature by elaborating a citizen perspective of participation and suggesting that identity plays a role in participation. It adopts a social identity approach in order to theorize how citizen identity constructed through participation is best conceptualized as a social identity, and to demonstrate how this social identity relates to citizen motivation to participate. The authors suggest that linking participation to a social identity approach elaborates a citizen perspective of participation and has value for furthering understanding of citizen-administrator collaboration.


Objective: Pituitary adenomas have traditionally been approached surgically via the standard transcranial approach for years, but with the success of Endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach for these lesion many papers have reported better if not comparable results to the transcranial approach. We aimed to review and report the results in pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery done at our unit for pituitary adenomas (PAs) in last 8 years. Material and Methods: We reviewed 403 consecutive patients who underwent pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for newly diagnosed pituitary adenomas between August 2012 and July 2020 at our neurosurgical unit. Endocrinological, demographic features and outcomes, their complications, and duration of stay in hospital were assessed in these patients who were operated in our neurosurgical Unit. The Mean Follow-up on average was 3.5 months. Results: 403 consecutive cases were reviewed. Majority of cases were in the 4 decade of life at presentation. 227 (56%) were non-functioning pituitary tumors and 176 (44%) were hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. Thirty-one (7.7%) complications were observed in 28 post-operative patients. The most frequently observed complication was diabetes insipidus (temporary in 19 (5%) and permanent in 3 (0.7%) cases), cerebrospinal fluids leaks (5 cases) (5.7%), Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (1 case) (0.2%), internal carotid injury (1 case) (0.2%), Empty Sella syndrome (1) (0.2%) and post-operative cardiac complication (1 case) (0.2%). The Follow-up on average was 3.5 months. Conclusions: The pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas provides acceptable and reasonable results representing a safe alternative procedure to the traditional Transsphenoidal microscopic approach.


This paper describes the synthesis of 2-amino-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-4-morpholinopyrimidine (BW 394U, compound 4), a potential antisenility agent. The key intermediates 3a/3b were obtained from an in situ-generated Vilsmeier-Haack reagent that simultaneously protected the 2-amino group prior to further manipulations. Displacement of the chloro group in 3a gave 4 in 40% yield and 4-dimethylamino analogue 5. However, displacement of 3b with morpholine followed by treatment with aqueous base gave 4 in 74% yield.


splenomegaly. The development of late toxemia in a patient with thrombocytopenic purpura is a more serious compli¬ cation than it is in a patient who is otherwise normal. The placentas of patients with late toxemia usually contain many infarcts, and these are often associated with a small amount of bleeding at the time of forma¬ tion. It seems only logical to suppose that if the toxemic patient also has thrombocytopenia the bleed¬ ing that occurs at the time of placental infarction may continue and may lead to placental separation and to massive intrauterine hemorrhage. Every pregnant patient who either has purpura or has a tendency to bleed should be hospitalized at the onset of labor. In the past almost all deaths of such patients have been caused by bleeding following delivery. Few of these patients bleed profusely at the time of delivery, but practically all of them bleed slowly and continuously for several hours or days following delivery. Owing to the abnormal clot forma¬ tion the uterine sinuses continue to bleed although the uterine muscle is firmly contracted. The trauma produced by the fetus passing through the vagina is enough to cause bleeding beneath the vaginal mucosa of patients with thrombocytopenia. Enough bleeding may occur to produce a hematoma, which may rupture into the vagina and continue to bleed. Patients who are know*n to have thrombocytopenia should have the uterine cavity and the vagina packed firmly with gauze immediately after delivery of the placenta. The pack should be left in for twenty-four to thirty-six hours. If vaginal bleeding recurs, the vagina should be inspected to see if the blood is coming from the uterus or from the vaginal walls. Then the uterus or the vagina or both should be repacked, depending on where the blood is coming from. Episiotomy is to be avoided on patients with thrombocyto¬ penia unless absolutely necessary. To do an episiotomy on such a patient is to open another avenue of bleeding which may be -very difficult to control. All infants born alive to mothers with thrombo¬ cytopenia should be blood typed immediately, and the bleeding time and a blood platelet count should be made. The treatment of hemorrhagic purpura in newborn infants is the same as in any one else, namely, repeated small transfusions. The purpura and the bloody stools were observed in the infant of this rqjort before there was any appreciable loss of blood, so pooled human plasma was given instead of blood. Although the infant in this case lost only 6 per cent of his body weight by the time the mother's milk was plentiful, he developed purpuric lesions and bloody stools after three days of starvation. He had the forceps bruise on his face from birth, but it did not become purpuric until the third day. As soon as he received an adequate amount of breast milk the bleeding stopped and has not recurred. It is very probable that the milk helped as much as the plasma.


The field of biomaterials has turn into an electrifying area because these materials improve the quality and longevity of human life. The first and foremost necessity for the selection of the biomaterial is the acceptability by human body. However, the materials used in hip implants are designed to sustain the load bearing function of human bones for the start of the patient's life. The most common classes of biomaterials used are metals, polymers, ceramics, composites and apatite. These five classes are used individually or in combination with other materials to form most of the implantation devices in recent years. Numerous current and promising new biomaterials i.e. metallic, ceramic, polymeric and composite are discussed to highlight their merits and their frailties in terms of mechanical and metallurgical properties in this review. It is concluded that current materials have their confines and there is a need for more refined multi-functional materials to be developed in order to match the biocompatibility, metallurgical and mechanical complexity of the hip prosthesis.


Part Ib) Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, and in particular, Chronic Wasting Disease are devastating neuropathologic diseases caused by a unique, but unknown infective agent with high degree of refractivity to ordinary disinfectant and sterilization procedures. Amazingly, a fully described comparison of 28 TSE causal agent characteristics match remarkably well with 28 documented characteristics of Spiroplasma bacteria and/or their lesser cousins, the mycoplasma bacteria. A close resemblance is present for physical structure, such as size and density; agent refractivity to both disinfectants and heat; the unusual characteristics of surface adherence and ground survivability; reaction to hyperbaric oxygen; resistance to bactericidal antibiotics, yet susceptibility to bacteriastatic antibiotics; a comparable response to attenuated agent vaccines characteristics; and lastly comparable infectivity conditions found in blood and lymph. Importantly, B-cells have been implicated in both TSE infectivity and in the mycoplasmal disease process. Blood born bacterial characteristics match extraordinarily well with specifically determined "prion" characteristics. Stunning electron micrographs of helical, CJD-brain inclusions and incontrovertible PCR-DNA results virtually dictate that Spiroplasma and TSE disease are intimately linked. Conclusively, the failure of the scientific community to diligently pursue Mycoplasma and Spiroplasma and their likely role of disease pathogenesis, particularly for TSEs, is a failure in our investigative system of scientific curiosity and prudence.


In this paper, an Integrated Radial Basis Function (IRBF)-based multiscale method is used to simulate the rheological properties of dilute fibre suspensions. For the approach, a fusion of the IRBF computation scheme, the Discrete Adaptive Viscoelastic Stress Splitting (DAVSS) technique and the Fibre Configuration Field has been developed to investigate the evolution of the flow and the fibre configurations through two separate computational processes. Indeed, the flow conservation equations, which are expressed in vorticity-stream function formulation, are solved using IRBF-based numerical schemes while the evolution of fibre configuration fields governed by the Jeffery's equation is captured using the principle of Brownian Configuration Fields. The two procedures are coupled together by the Lipscomb expression which is used to determine the fibre stress of dilute fibre suspensions. Owing to advantages of the IRBF scheme and the DAVSS technique, the present method yields a more accurate solution and faster convergence rate. The simulation method is verified and its capability is demonstrated with the fibre suspension flows through two parallel plates, a circular tube and the 4:1 and 4.5:1 axisymmetric contraction geometries which are usually chosen to test a numerical method because of the challenging nature of these problems.


The physiological characters of recalcitrant seeds and its current preservation techniques were summarized. The research progress of seed storage for tropical crops, including the crop types and research focus, were elucidated in detail. Finally, existing problems for the storage recalcitrant seeds were discussed and the future research focus is prospected.


Spatial join is a fundamental operation for many spatial queries in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Therefore, the query optimizer of a GIS needs to evaluate the selectivity of spatial joins, in order to find the best execution plan for a given query. This situation has made it necessary to find good and efficient estimators for spatial join selectivity. In particular, spatial join estimation with respect to sets of rectangles is necessary. Indeed, in GIS sets of rectangles are generated in order to produce a synthetic representation of real geometric values through the Minimum Bounding Rectangles (MBR).
 Several methods for this estimation have been proposed in literature. One of the best methods is based on precalculated histograms, that describe the distribution of rectangles in the reference space using grid based data structures. The size of an histogram for a given dataset can be comparable to the size of the R-tree built on the same dataset [4].
 In this paper we present a new technique for estimating spatial join selectivity considering sets of rectangles as datasets. In particular, we propose a technique that is independent of the distribution of the rectangles in the reference space and produces an auxiliary structure which is an order of magnitude smaller than the corresponding histogram. Indeed, the proposed technique is based on very few statistical parameters and on a unique grid shared by all datasets.


Watermarking is a technique to ensure the original information and to validate the digital content. Watermarking is required because of the rise in the utilization of the internet in one's everyday life. As the usage of digital content is developing quickly, there are numerous occurrences where information is uncertain. Watermarking is a procedure to conceal information for authorization reasons. Watermarking is the ideal approach to make sure about the digital content. Watermarking should be possible through different strategies. Least Significant Bit Watermarking (LSBW) strategy is one of them. Right now, pixel estimations of the image are changed over into binary. The data is covered in the bits of the pixel esteems. Watermarking consistently infers embedding of furtive signal that should be robust and imperceptible within the host data. In order to cater its robustness and imperceptibility, the energy of the watermark is accommodated to the energy of speech components.


Objective To study the effects of different doses of Enrofloxacin on human fecal microflora.Method Four steady-status microbial communities were established in chemostats using inocula from a single pool of human feces.On day 23,CI dissolved in sterile medium was added to each of the medium reservoirs to achieve the nominal test levels 1.25,12.5 and 125 mg/L.A no-drug control(0 mg/L) was also run.CI was given for 7 days(i.e.until the end of day 31).Result The viable count indicated that flora in the "drug-free" vessel kept a steady status,which meant the factors imposed by human was little.In the low dose group(1.25 mg/L),the quantity of Bifidobacterium decreaed while the quantities of other bacteria remain unchanged;In the medium dose group(12.5 mg/L),all the microflora counted decreased except Bacteroides fragilis group;Total anaerobic bacteria,Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli recovered to their original levels,but the others did not.In the high dose group(125 mg/L),all the microflora counted were influenced by Enrofloxacin;Total anaerobic bacteria and Escherichia coli decreased and then increased to a quantity exceeding the quantity before administration;the others decreased but could not recover.Conclusion The ADI of Enrofloxacin established by the Ministry of Agriculture may affect human intestinal microflora.


While articulation on the B[-clarinet has already been a subject in various studies, articulation on the bass clarinet has gotten less attention. Because of the increasing interest for using the bass clarinet, especially in contemporary music, this instrument is emerging from the shadow of the B[-clarinet. In order to investigate articulation on the bass clarinet an experiment was carried out in an anechoic chamber at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna. A professional clarinetist was recorded performing different articulation techniques on a German bass clarinet under controlled performance conditions. Results show that the attack transients on the bass clarinet were about 0.085 s long in staccato articulation. In comparison, attack transients on the B[-clarinet are 2 to 3 times shorter. This study especially focuses on the slap tonguing technique. Of particular interest is the reed bending signal, which shows the movement of the reed. It has been observed that tones articulated with slap tonguing have a significantly shorter attack transient and are immediately entering the decay phase. Such measurements allow an in-depth analysis of player-instrument interactions with contemporary playing techniques and may support the refinement of physical model parameters but may also support music education.


Characterization of Signaling Deficient Tyro3 DohKyung Kim Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University at Bloomington Tyro3 is a member of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) crucial for regulating cellular proliferation and survival. Upon binding of its extracellular ligand, Gas 6, Tyro3 dimerizes and autophosphorylates at tyrosine residues within the cytoplasmic tail. Downstream signaling mediators can interact with Tyro3 through phosphorylated-tyrosine-dependent SH2 domain or tyrosine-independent SH3 domain, leading to activation of signaling pathways promoting cellular proliferation and survival. Accordingly, mutations in SH2 or SH3 domains within Tyro3 have been shown to result in tumorigenesis or autoimmune disorders as a result of disruption of the receptor's signaling capabilities. In this project, we are interested in investigating functional changes that result from mutagenesis of three amino acid sequence motifs in SH2 domain and SH3 domain within Tyro3 potentially crucial for activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, pYXNX, pYXXM, and PXXP. It has been well established that Tyro3 mediated cell proliferation is dependent on the MAPK pathway. Tyro3 has the pYXNX motif on SH2 domain that constitutes a consensus binding site for Grb2, a downstream signaling mediator in the MAPK pathway. However, Grb2 may also use the PXXP motif on its SH3 domain to bind Tyro3. To further complicate the matter, there are findings from which we infer that Grb2 may indirectly associate with Tyro3 by binding p85, which recognizes and binds the pYXXM motif on SH2 domain of Tyro3. This hints that p85, in addition to Grb2, may be also involved in activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. To identify the binding domains(s) involved Grb2 mediated activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, we characterize the functional significance of binding motifs on the receptor by generating Tyro3 mutants defective in the pYXNX, the pYXXM, and the PXXP motifs. Previously, we successfully carried out the site-directed mutagenesis of each of pYXNX and pYXXM motifs on SH2 domain in which tyrosine residue was replaced with phenylalanine (FXNX, FXXM), and the site-direct mutagenesis of PXXP motif on SH3 domain in which proline residues were changed to alanine. In addition, we cloned the Tyro3 double mutants in which SH3 and one of SH2 motifs are mutated. Currently, we are in the process of generating the triple mutant defective in all three binding domains, pYXNX, pYXXM, and PXXP. In the near future, we will transfect Rat2 fibroblasts with the double and the triple mutant genomes and isolate clones that express high level of Tyro3. We will compare the binding of Grb2 and subsequent activation of the MAPK signaling pathway between the transfected cells. Our goal is to identify the domain(s) on Tyro3 through which Grb2 binds and causes the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby ultimately unveiling the role of Tyro3 in cell proliferation. Mentor: Anne L. Prieto, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington


In a typical receiver, symbol synchronization must be established before symbol demodulation. This paper discusses synchronization for an isolated symbol from a filter-bank type multicarrier system. It is shown that accurate symbol timing for a single multicarrier symbol can be obtained using forward-only processing. The proposed receiver computes continuous-time symbol likelihoods along with a timing metric and its time derivative. The timing metric shows a sharp concentration that is used to produce a trigger to sample the matched filter outputs. The paper proposes baseband processing using message passing algorithms derived from factor graphs. Suitable system parameters for which near-optimum synchronization is obtained are identified using computer simulations.


This paper introduces a traffic control model with Multi?agent tech,in which a more flexible agent self?control framework is described and a multi?agent negotiate strategy is conceived.The new control strategy is proved efficient in balancing the intersection traffic flows and improving the traffic capacity.This self?control framework takes into account of several traffic characteristics and has enough capacity for optimization and extension.


In order to study the cooling performance of the engine cooling system, as well as investigating the power consumption of the conventional electronic control cooling system with the electronic cont...


Stud shear connectors are the most commonly used shear connectors: up to 22mm studs are usually used in steel-concrete composite structures. To expand the current design codes for stud connectors, large studs with a diameter of more than 25mm should be investigated. Through push-out tests on large stud shear connectors that transcend the limitation of current design codes, fatigue behavior was investigated and comparisons with design equations performed. The shear stiffness of the connectors in elastic range was evaluated through shear tests on 25mm, 27mm, and 30mm studs and compared with those from static tests. The fatigue behavior of large studs was discussed in terms of residual slip and load-slip curves. The initiation of fatigue cracks in the welding part could be detected through the history of displacement range. Test results showed that the design fatigue endurance of S-N curves in current design codes could be applied to large stud shear connector.


Extant research examining the relationship between a firm's board and its CEO's compensation has focused primarily on the composition of the board-at-large. However, it may be the nature of the com...


in this research we will examine the bases and the aspects of criminalization process .also we will try to come up with principled justification of why it wants to criminalize certain kinds of conduct. in addition we will determine obviously about the best principles or criteria we should apply when deciding whether to criminalize a certain kind of conduct .also we will elaborate the questions concerning when its come to such important matters as which conduct to criminalize . thus we will going to describe the more recent theories in connection with this subject by analayzing and determining the best ways to avoid the the misuse of criminal law . all of these study we will depend on the philosophical dimension of the Iraqi legislator .unfortunately .its clear that there are no methodology in dealing this crucial process by legislator ,due to the Fact that our legislations -especially criminal kinds have been often affected by y political idealism which makes deviation in in the process


Objective: TO evaluate the role of nifedipine and the α1-adrenoreceptor antagonists tamsulosin, terazosin, and doxazosin in the expulsive treatment of ureteral calculi. Data Sources: Literature was searched via MEDLINE (1966–February 2006) with subsequent bibliographic review. MeSH headings included ureteral calculi, nifedipine, doxazosin, and adrenergic α-antagonists. Key terms were ureteral calculi, nifedipine, tamsulosin, terazosin, and doxazosin. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Trials evaluating nifedipine, tamsulosin, terazosin, and doxazosin for expulsion of ureteral stones were reviewed. All were published in English-language, peer-reviewed journals. Data Synthesis: Several trials have evaluated the effects of nifedipine and tamsulosin on ureteral stone passage rates and mean time to stone passage in stones no larger than 15 mm. In 28 day trials, the rates of ureteral stone passage were 35–70% in the control groups compared with 77.1–80% in patients treated with nifedipine and 79.3–100% in patients treated with tamsulosin. Average number of days to stone passage in the control groups was 4.6–20, and the time to stone passage was only 5–9.3 days in patients receiving nifedipine and 2.7–7.9 days in those receiving tamsulosin. The stone passage rates and time to stone passage appeared to be similar in one trial that compared tamsulosin with terazosin and doxazosin. Limited data suggest that these agents may have a role as adjuncts to shock wave lithotripsy. Adverse drug reactions were uncommon. Conclusions: Nifedipine, tamsulosin, terazosin, and doxazosin are safe and effective options in enhancing ureteral stone expulsion in selected patients with uncomplicated presentations.


The authors report the results of a search done at LAMPF with the LSND detector to set limits on the branching ratios of {eta} and {pi}{sup 0} decaying to two neutrinos. These decays are forbidden within the standard model of the electroweak interaction. The LSND detector is a 200-ton dilute-liquid-scintillator detector with Cerenkov capability. The detector is viewed by 1120 photomultiplier tubes and is surrounded with a cosmic-ray anticoincidence shield. The search was performed by isolating electrons and muons with energies above 200 MeV for {nu}{sub e} and/or {nu}{sub {mu}} flavor decays and high energy protons for the {nu}{sub {tau}} flavor decay. Preliminary results of the search will be presented.


Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Around 4% of patients with heart failure carry a pathogenic genetic aberration that causes cardiomyopathy and subsequently leads to heart failure. There are five types of primary genetic cardiomyopathies that can give rise to heart failure: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM), and left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC). If genetic cardiomyopathy is suspected, genomic/genetic testing is recommended because it provides the underlying cause for the diagnosis, prognostic parameters, and possibility to test family members at risk. Testing should be conducted as part of a multidisciplinary approach by a team of adult or paediatric cardiologists, geneticists, and genetic counsellors. Here we will discuss 1) different genomic testing approaches and the management of variants of uncertain significance, 2) management of patients with suspected genetic cardiomyopathy in a multidisciplinary team, and 3) the associations between genotypes and phenotypes of most commonly mutated genes such as MYH7, TNNT2, TPM1, MYBPC3, TTN, and others. In conclusion, genetic testing of patients with cardiomyopathies helps with proper diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and identification of relatives at risk.


The economic scenario of India faced a radical change during the post liberalization period with a wind of change coming from the west which changed the entire system and India became the hub of world MNC's and there was a sudden heat of competition among the firms operating in India. To manage this intense competition faced by different segments of India's economy, the services of trained and qualified managers were seen in organizations as sine-qua-non. In the given setting, management education became important and gained wide popularity in a very short span of time. However, in the resulting milieu the mushrooming of B-schools in India has led ultimately to a new situation of intense competition among the B-schools themselves. This has created interest in doing research on this area of management education in India. This descriptive paper aims to study the gradual development of management education in India and to identify the issues and challenges that are at present being faced by the Indian management education and to suggest some way forwards to tackle the same.


An effective electrochemical sensing platform for the simultaneous determination of benzocaine (BEN) and antipyrine (ANT) based upon titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2)/graphene oxide nanosheet (GO) bulk modified carbon paste electrodes (TiO2-GO/CPE) is reported. The TiO2-GO/CPE electrochemical sensing platform is found to exhibit linear ranges from 1.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-4 M and 1.2 × 10-8 to 8.0 × 10-5 M for BEN and ANT, respectively. The TiO2-GO/CPE sensor is explored towards the analysis of BEN and ANT in oral fluid (saliva) and pharmaceutical products. The synergy between the graphene oxide nanosheets and titanium dioxide nanoparticles results in a dramatic enhancement in the sensitivity of the sensor through a combination of increased surface area and improved electron transfer kinetics compared to other electrode alternatives. The fabricated TiO2-GO/CPE exhibits high sensitivity and good stability towards the sensing of BEN and ANT and has the potential to be utilised as a clinical assay and QA in pharmaceutical products.


Abstract For the construction company, tendering is the most popular way of acquiring contracts. The decision to participate in the tender needs to be made carefully, as it affects the condition of the company and is an important aspect in its quest for success. The bid/no bid decision making is a complex process involving a number of factors. The research carried out so far has mainly concerned the identification of the various kinds of influences on contractors' bidding decisions. The researchers, on the basis of contractors' opinions, created rank lists in an attempt to categorize the factors. In this paper the author employs factor analysis which belongs to basic methods of multi-dimensional data analysis. The paper's aim is first to depict an output set of observed variables, that is bid/no bid factors, in terms of a smaller set of latent variables which cannot be directly observed and then to interpret the dependencies between them.


Anti-Semitism did not disappear in France with the war and persecutions: it did not take long for it to reappear. However, it did lose its legitimacy in the moral, philosophical and religious domains. In the moral domain, as Bernanos said, Hitler "dishonored" anti-Semitism. In the philosophical domain, it fell upon Sartre to demonstrate the proof, showing that there is no "Jewish question" but an "anti-Semitic question." In the religious domain, thanks to the realization among Christians of the role of the Church's anti-Judaism in the development of Nazi anti-Semitism. Being delegitimized, anti-Semitism did not lose its strength, but it did lose its voice. It took about twenty years to find a new one, in the form of anti-Zionism.


Of THESIS submitted by Tasneem Perry to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and entitled ?Inherently Hybrid: Contestations and Renegotiations of Prescribed Identities in Contemporary Sri Lankan English Writing?. April 2012.This thesis ?Inherently Hybrid: Contestations and Renegotiations of Prescribed Identities in Contemporary Sri Lankan English Writing? examines work by Nihal de Silva, David Blacker and Vivimarie VanderPoorten to analyse their negotiation of identity, belonging and citizenship within contemporary Sri Lankan English Writing. This negotiation of identity is then placed in relation to the Eelam Wars as well as hybridity and cosmopolitanism, which have become a part of Sri Lankan identity because of the nation?s postcolonial past. Genre and form are employed as ways into exploring the tensions within Sri Lankan English writing, especially because they prescribe on the texts selected a specific way of approaching and presenting the ethnic conflict that is a widespread theme in much of contemporary Sri Lankan writing. The first chapter looks at De Silva?s adventure romance The Road From Elephant Pass. It examines how the novel engenders a renegotiation of identities through the effects of the ethnic conflict upon the attitudes, behaviours and ideologies of the island?s populations, symbolically represented through the narrator, who is a Sinhalese Buddhist officer in the Sri Lankan Army and his eventual lover, who is a rebel fighting for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. I analyse the arguments presented in the text around identity, belonging and patriotism and focus on the representations of ethnic and racial identity that ultimately expose the constructedness of these various positions, revealing the unacknowledged but real hybridity of the Sri Lankan peoples. I look at markers of cultural capital and tease out how class identities rely on cosmopolitanism, characterised by a knowledge of English, and how that further reveals the performativity of identity.The second chapter examines Blacker?s political thriller A Cause Untrue. Here I explore how the use of detail and description provides an appearance of imparting a complete and realistic perspective on the war. I demonstrate how the novel, through the calculated use of what I will characterise as a ?reality effect?, takes on the manifestation of being an authority on the war. Blacker?s use of recognisable historical events allows him to create an alternative narrative of history, one that has all the hallmarks of being a true retelling even as it is apparent that his text utilises the ?reality effect? to imagine Sri Lanka creatively. This demonstrates how the selection of the thriller genre provides Blacker with a specific way of representing the nation and its diasporas? in relation to the Eelam Wars.The third chapter focuses on VanderPoorten?s collection of poetry nothing prepares you. Here I investigate how the concepts of hybridity and cosmopolitanism are located within the language used to construct her poetry. I explore how this hybridity and cosmopolitanism of language works together with the form and content of her poems to provide a disquieting of fixed notions of identity, citizenship and belonging.The conclusion to the study revisits the issues that my three chapters deal with, bringing together an overall account of hybridity, cosmopolitanism and identity. I look at the constructedness and performance of identity with the aim of providing a nuanced reading of the renegotiations of identity and citizenship that are taking place because of the ethnic conflict. By summing up the different manifestations of the various gendered, ethnic and class identities represented and presented in the texts that I explore, I illustrate the wider implications of the points of connection between identity and power on the one hand and nationalism, dogma and political rhetoric on the other. Identities within the Sri Lankan nation blur the distinctions between alien and citizen, between one who belongs and subscribes to set expectations, norms and practices and one who challenges these markers of identity.


The article deals with the analysis of semantic and pragmatic aspects of the lexemes spravedlivost' and justice. The study is based on a continuous sampling method, applied to the Russian National Corpus (RNC), the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Speech characteristics of central features of justice are determined through the following parameters: the total number of lexeme usage in the corpus; context key elements; peculiarities of the lexeme use. In most cases the meaning of the word justice is close to the meaning of the word pravosudie in the language corpus. Peculiarities of the word spravedlivost' use in Russian are determined by its lexical compatibility with other units of the language and a more clearly defined semantic meaning. The use of the lexeme justice is presupposed by a wide range of dictionary meanings, including definitions of several Russian concepts, such as pravosudie, chestnost', and spravedlivost'. The word justice can be found in both terminologized and non-terminologized contexts. Its meaning is very close to the judicial activity of the state – justice. Unlike the lexeme justice, the Russian word spravedlivost' has the same meaning in most examples analyzed.


In this paper we continue the study, from our joint paper [11] with J.P. McClure, of the relation between homomorphisms, semigroups, types of convergence, and closed ideals in weighted convolution algebras on the half-line R+= [0, ). In particular, we are interested in the question of which continuous homomorphisms preserve dense principal ideals, which we showed to be equivalent [13], [14] to the question of which convolution semigroups are strongly continuous. We will call a positive Borel function o(x) on R a weight if both w and 1/o are bounded on all finite intervals [0, a]. The weight w(x) is an algebra weight if, in addition, w(x) is right continuous, o(0)= 1, and o(x + y)< w(x)o(y) for all x and y in R/. For a weight o, we let Ll(og) be the Banach space of those (equivalence classes of) locally integrable functions f on R for which fo belongs to LI(R+), with the inherited norm IlfllIlfllflf(t)[w(t) dr. The other weighted spaces we consider are defined analogously. Thus M(o) is the space of locally finite complex Borel measures on R+ for which the norm I1 fR+o(t)dllx I(t) is finite; L(1/o) is the space of f for which f/o is in L(R+), with the inherited norm Ilfll ess sup If(t)l/o(t); and C0(1/o) is the closed subspace of L(1/o) comprised of continuous functions with lim f(t)/o(t) 0. Occasionally we will consider Ll(o) and M(o) when o(x) is just a bounded non-negative Borel function. When o(x) is an algebra weight, Ll(o) is a Banach algebra under the convolution product f g(x) ff(x t)g(t) dr. Under the analogous convolution of measures on R/, the space M(o) is also a Banach algebra which, under the usual identification of f with f(t)dt, contains Ll(o) as a closed ideal. Moreover [9, Th. 1.4], [13, Th. 2.2, p. 592], for our algebra weights we


Sentono is promoted as a center for Agro Techno Park development. For support this programm, it is needed to be made profil of village's development. Profil is made in book and digital, so the infromation is easy and fast to find.


To construct enterprise data warehouses supporting decision,a new data warehouses architecture based on uniform view model was proposed through analyzing the limitation of the traditional data warehouse model.In order to support flexible construction of data warehouses,uniform standard layer was added between source layer and data warehouse layer of tradition data warehouses model.In order to guarantee the transparency access and the usability,two mapping methods were adopted between uniform view layer and source data layer,between data warehouses layer and uniform view layer.Based on this architecture,construction method of uniform view model and mapping methods amongst data warehouses three-layer were given,ETL processes of data warehouses construction based on uniform view were provided,and relative data warehouses construction system was developed.The architecture has been applied in practice and proved to be effective.


and by eye: The relationships between speech and reading. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1972. Hunt, E., Lunneborg, C , & Lewis, J. What does it mean to be high verbal? Cognitive Psychology, 1975, 7, 194-227. Johnson, N. F. A pattern-unit model of word identification. In D. LaBerge & S. J. Samuels (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Perception and comprehension. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1977. Lesgold, A. M., & Perfetti, C. A. Interactive processes in reading. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1981. Perfetti, C. A., & Lesgold, A. M. Coding and comprehension in skilled reading and implications for reading instruction. In L. B. Resnick & P. A. Weaver (Eds.), Theory and practice of early reading. Volume 1. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1979. Resnick, L. B . , & Weaver, P. A. Theory and practice of early reading. Volumes 1,2 & 3. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1979. Smith, E. E., & Spoehr, K. T. The perception of printed English: A theoretical perspective. In B. H. Kantowitz (Ed), Human information processing: Tutorials in performance and cognition. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1974. Spoehr, K. T. Phonological encoding in visual word recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1978, 17, 127-141. Vellutino, F. R. Dyslexia: Theory and research. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1979. Vellutino, F. R. Theoretical issues in the study of word recognition: The unit of perception controversy reexamined. In S. Rosenberg (Ed.), Handbook of applied psycholinguistics. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1982.


The DO detector at Fermilab has been collecting data with its new, Ethernet-based Data Acquisition (DAQ) System since spring 2002. The system was built almost exclusively with commercially available components, and designed to read in event fragments at a rate of 1 kHz from about 70 VME crates, assemble the events with a typical size of 250 kB and pass them to the Level 3 trigger farm, composed of about 160 CPUs, for final event selection. Accepted events are sent to the online system to he stored on tape at an average rate of 50 Hz. The event fragments are read out over VME using Single Board Computers (SBCs) and sent to the trigger farm through 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s Ethernet connections via a series of Ethernet switches. This paper gives an overview of the main components of the DAQ and trigger system and reports on its performance during the first year of operation.


In Classical Chinese, there were four first person pronouns: wu2, wo3, yu2, yu3, and a zero-pronoun 1 with the following functions: wu2 was the default marking the speaker; wo3 coded contrast between the speaker and others; yu3 was used when talking about the speaker in connection with heaven, kings, or death; yu2 was used exclusively by kings and by speakers with high social status. The zero pronoun is primarily used in the second situation. Various social changes have motivated the reduction of pronouns. In Mandarin, 2 only wo3 and the zero pronoun are in use. Yu3 has been lost because the domains in which it was used are no longer taboo. Yu2 exists only in modern artists' speech. Wo3 is retained as the default, while wo3 with a longer vowel and full fall-rise tone codes contrastive function. The zero pronoun is also retained. The findings imply that the lack of functional motivation for a form leads to its loss.


This article based on  research is to analyze the needs for community empowerment through sustainable participation approach concerning the protection of traditional knowledge and folklore. This folklore  essentially meets the requirements to be copyrighted;  the fact that it is a communal heritage property which has been passed on for generations and the creator is therefore not identified, cannot fulfill the requirement of originality and individuality.  The traditional knowledge that based on technology, yet it is not patentable invention, the fact that is not fulfill patentable requirement especially the novelty. Thus, traditional knowledge and folklore must be protected as 'sui generis' legal protection. Community empowerment program and community  legal awareness program should be done continually as well as progressing 'promote and protect' culture. The findings of this research suggest that indigenous people makers  need such supports as trainings, government's endorsement and incentives, capital provision schemes, as well as marketing and legal assistance. The findings also recommend that partnership between the traditional knowledge or folklore makers/indigenous people and the government be intensified to promote the product, not only locally, and nationally, but also internationally. This should involve the NGO, campus, the government, and related consultants to jointly protect this product and to help promote it in bigger scope. Keywords : community participation, promote and protect, traditional knowledge, folklore


In this study, we examined the applicability of a 3D electrical resistivity technique for the probing of underground cavities at a field test site in a karst area in Yongweol-ri, Muan-gun, in the south-western part of the Korean peninsula. At the test site, where the ground has subsided in the past, underground cavities are commonly found in the limestone bedrock, which is overlain with alluvial deposits. The limestone cavities at the test site are mostly filled with groundwater and clay; hence, they show levels of electrical resistivity that are significantly lower than those of the surrounding host bedrock. The results of this study demonstrate that the zones of low resistivity correspond to the zones of the cavities identified in the boreholes at the site, and that our 3D electrical resistivity survey is a very effective tool for detecting and mapping underground cavities in a karst area.


It introduces the image enhancement methods and it's sort,detailedly introduces contrast enhancement based on local detection of edge,whose primary idea is combined edge of pixel into local contrast,so the mean is in favor of contrast enhancement of edge details.


The LingvoDoc software system (http://lingvodoc.ispras.ru/) is a recent piece of comput-er technologycreated especially for describing and recording endangered languages. This paper illustrates how the authors used LingvoDocto bring the description and analysis of Samoyedic languages to anew level with easily verifiable results. To date, the project has produced: The hosting of these materials through LingvoDoc gives scholars the opportunityto analyze the information in a convenient format — both by etymological groupand separately for each dialect at a given period in the history, with the option to trace changes within each dialect.


Book review "The Real Politics of the Horn of Africa: Money, War and the Business of Power" by Alex De Waal, 2015, Cambridge: Polity


Attackers can leverage security vulnerabilities in computerized control systems to cause real, physical harm. Despite efforts to fix control system security flaws, the advantage remains with attackers due to the increasing complexity and connectivity of modern control systems. A complementary approach to closing security holes is to directly mediate the physical behavior of control systems, thus preventing dangerous actions even when systems are under adversary influence. Behavioral mediation is a promising direction for control system security, but it presents many challenges to becoming a practical reality.


This paper tackles the issue of the architectural illustrator in an age of post digitalisation, where the return to the analog hand drawn images for a more pregnant communication is seen by some as much desirable. There are now concerns about the limited communicative ability of digital images, with suggestions to go back to the analogic world of the hand drawn images in perspective style. To assess whether a digital photorealistic render would communicate better or worse than a hand drawn image, a questionnaire was set up based upon the objective principle of correct/wrong answers by the test takers, rather than on their subjective preferences. The test was a conventional one-stem multiple-choice type with correct answer scored 1 and wrong answer scored 0. The required task was to identify the correct architectural project within a townscape. The test was taken by 154 subjects, of which 74% professionals in the field of architecture, and 26% other professions. The �professionals� in architecture scored approximately 50% more correct answers in the case of hand drawn images compared to the photorealistic renders, with a very high significance between the two items (p less than 0.0001). The �others� showed a difference of 20%, still in favour of the hand drawn images (p=0.003). It may be concluded that, within the limits of the reliability and sensitivity of the test, the hand drawn images could better communicate the message of the architect. The �performance� strategy guarantees against subjective biases, but it has been much less experimented than the traditional paradigms. Some more research would be needed to assert its robustness, and, to this regard, this first attempt should be considered as a proof of concept to assess some observer�s reactions so far little explored but nevertheless of fundamental importance.


New techniques for Class-AB Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) are presented. These new techniques are two topologies based on current boosting in class-AB stage which achieve considerable improvement of Slew Rate and Gain-Bandwidth while maintaining the same power consumption as the conventional design. Circuit level analysis and simulation results of proposed circuits in 0.18μm CMOS technology for gain, GBW, slew rate, and settling time are presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed design method.


Purpose – This paper aims to present the results of measurements of the photovoltaic structures made by electroless selective metallization technology. The developed technology provides low-cost contacts in any form, and parameters of photovoltaic cells made in this technology provide reliable results, comparable with those usually used. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, photovoltaic cells with contacts based on Nip and NiCuP alloy were performed. As a substrate, mono- and multicristaline silicon was used. After photovoltaic cells have been prepared, sheet resistance of the contact layers and electrical parameters were measured. Composition and structure of contact layers were also measured. Findings – Obtained results of sheet resistance and contact layers are repeatable and comparable with previously published results. Electrical parameters of the photovoltaic cells made are comparable with used substrate and technologies. The authors have also noticed that the costs of the electroless metall...


Room temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in ZnO nanorods prepared by hydrothermal method. Saturation magnetization of ∼0.004emu∕g was measured in the nanorods with diameters of ∼10nm and lengths of below 100nm, and the magnetization reduced with the increase of the size. Annealing of the samples at 900°C in air completely transformed the nanorods into twinning structures and weakened the magnetizations. The mechanism of morphology transformation was discussed. Analysis indicates that the interstitial zinc at the surface may contribute to the ferromagnetism in ZnO nanorods.


Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Wiltse approach to the lumbar spine for extraforaminal disk herniation. Material and Methods. A total of 1020 patients with herniated lumbar intervertebral disc were operated on, out of them 30 (2.9 %) patients were diagnosed as having extraforaminal disc herniations most often observed at the L4–L5 (53.3 %) and L5–S1 (40.0 %) levels. Clinical manifestations included back pain in 20 patients (66.6 %) and radicular syndrome – in all patients, which was accompanied by movement disorders in 15 (50.0 %) cases and by sensitivity disorders in 9 (30 %). Evaluation of surgical results was performed in the early postoperative period and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. Clinical outcomes were assessed using modified MacNab criteria. Results. Based on MacNab criteria, an excellent outcome was observed in 45 %, good – in 42 %, and satisfactory – in 13 % of cases at 6 months after surgery. The volume of intraoperative blood loss was on average 52.8 ± 30 mL, the average length of hospital stay was 2.6 days. Conclusion. The modified Wiltse approach is an effective surgery to remove extraforaminal herniation in the lumbar spine, which allows achieving excellent and good results of treatment in 87 % of cases.


Contrary to the prevailing view, breeding in a light water reactor on the uranium/plutonium cycle can be achieved if one takes advantage of the potential neutronic gains from the buildup and depletion of higher isotopes formed from neutron absorption in /sup 239/Pu. To accomplish this, a combination of Prebreeder and Breeder cycles is proposed. The concept employs a novel core loading scheme, utilizing two types of fuel rods in a seed-and-blanket arrangement. In a symbiotic fuel cycle with commercial LWRs savings of about 7% per year in fissile fuel required is obtainable. The scheme is intended to be retrofittable in existing PWRs with no major modifications required.


Abstract This paper presents design of quintuple-mode wideband bandpass filters, implemented with off-centered perturbed metallic cylinders in a rectangular waveguide cavity. Three perturbation cylinders are placed at the bottom of the rectangular waveguide cavity, along with a pair of perpendicularly fed coaxial lines; excite five quasi-transverse magnetic modes to realize the desired passband. The height of the waveguide cavity and the shape of the perturbation cylinders are exploited to shift the resonant modes far away from the passband and achieve a good out-of-band rejection and sharp skirt selectivity. The filter operates at the center frequency of 2.68 GHz with a wide fractional bandwidth of 43%. The proposed filter is fabricated with aluminum. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other.


The present invention relates to a method of grafting, by covalent bonding, hollow or solid composite capsules onto any type of natural, artificial or synthetic, organic or inorganic, support, the capsules being chemically, physically or physico-chemically modified, so as possibly to improve their affinity with the support and to functionalize them, and then grafted, after the capsules and/or the support have been activated. The invention also relates to the capsules thus modified, to the supports grafted by the capsules, especially fibres and textiles, and also to the use of these grafted supports, especially fibres and textiles, for making up what are called "functional" articles.


Pyruvate is an oxyradical scavenger. Because it is a normal tissue metabolite, it can potentially be developed into an anticataract agent. This study was done to determine pyruvate's in vivo corneal penetration and consequent galactose induced cataract prevention. Pyruvate's anticataract effects after subcutaneous administration of 0.05 umole pyruvate/rat was also evaluated in a selenite model of cataract. The corneal penetration of pyruvate was studied after topical application of a 15% eye drop preparation in rabbits and by the use of goat cornea in vitro. Pyruvate penetration through the cornea in vitro follows a linear course. Its basal aqueous level was 600±50 μM rising to 1,500±30 μM after a single drop, with the half life being 21.6 minutes. Such an application delayed the formation of galactose cataracts, stopping their progression beyond the second stage. Subcutaneous administration of pyruvate provided 75% protection against selenite cataracts as well.


The hepatic lesion of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni is characterized by a relatively unique type of fibrosis first described as "clay-pipe stem cirrhosis" by Symmers in 1904.1.2 of char-acteristic features hepatosplenomegaly,


The output characteristics of a single‐mode fiber Fabry‐Perot resonator at 1.55 μm operation is experimentally studied with a continuous‐wave laser and pulse light input. In the case of pulse light input, two aspects, considering and no considering birefringence, are discussed. The results obtained are very important for the application of single‐mode fiber Fabry‐Perot resonator. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 101–103, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24881


C‐myb encodes a transcriptional activator that is essential for the development of the hematopoietic system but appears to lack major roles in non‐hematopoietic cells. The identification of two conserved myb‐related genes, designated A‐myb and B‐myb, has raised the possibility that these genes are functional equivalents of c‐myb in non‐hematopoietic cells. Here, we report the isolation and preliminary characterization of the mouse A‐myb gene. Mouse A‐myb maps to the proximal region of chromosome 1 and encodes a transcriptional activator with properties similar to those of the c‐myb and v‐myb proteins. During embryo‐genesis A‐myb is predominantly expressed in several regions of the developing central nervous system (CNS) and the urogenital ridge. Expression in the CNS is confined to the neural tube, the hindbrain, the neural retina and the olfactory epithelium, and coincides with the presence of proliferating immature neuronal precursor cells. In the adult mouse, A‐myb is expressed during the early stages of sperm cell differentiation and in B lymphocytes located in germinal centers of the spleen. Taken together, these results suggest a role for A‐myb in the proliferation and/or differentiation of neurogenic, spermatogenic and B‐lymphoid cells.


Different countries adopt different measures to check broadcasters. This work, with the objective of ascertaining the regulation impact on the Nigerian broadcasting system, x-rayed the approaches adopted by National Broadcasting Commission. To do this, the authoritarian and libertarian theories became the frameworks. At the end, it was discovered that the major regulatory approaches were licensing, sanctioning, arbitrating and monitoring. It was however found that the NBC exhibited bias against the private stations in its bid to protect the government owned ones. It was therefore recommended that the Nigerian Broadcasting Code be reviewed to make the regulatory body independent; and to encourage pluralism and healthy competition in the industry. Keywords: broadcasting, regulation, system, licensing, monitoring, arbitrating, control.


The distribution of the ranks of all linear maps between two finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field of order q is determined both theoretically and experimentally. The distribution is derived by using a particular group action on the set of rectangular matrices with entries from a field of order q and then applying the orbitstabilizer theorem. In addition, the proportion of vectors in the kernel of a linear map based on its image dimension is determined and used to experimentally determine the rank of a linear map. Moreover, the proportion of the indecomposable representations in the functor category vect(K)•→• is discussed. In fact, the proportion of the indecomposables is defined in two ways and one must be precise about what is meant by a proportion of indecomposables of a representation. Certain computations are quite tedious based on the definition used.


The genetic variability and correlations were worked out in forty two F progenies of the diallel crosses of seven parental varieites of lucerne for four characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all the characters. Seed yield expressed a maximum genotypic coefficient of variability and genetic advance as per cent of means with low heritability values, whereas plant height recorded the maximum heritability value. Green fodder yield was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield, branch number and plant height.


Two hundred married professional women with small children were surveyed to investigate what types of occupational and role-conflict stresses are associated with physical and depressive symptoms, and whether social support could protect individuals from the negative health effects of stress. Six stress indices predicted physical and depressive symptoms, both concurrently and 1 year later. These stresses reflected perceptions of lack of authority and influence on the job, sex discrimination, a heavy work load, work imposing on relaxation, family imposing on relaxation, and overall suffering from role conflict. Social support yielded no stress-buffering effects.


Sonochemistry involves several steps. First, an acoustic wave must be generated with sufficient energy to nucleate cavitation. This cavitation event must then be energetic enough to produce radicals through the sonolysis of the gas or vapor molecules in the bubble. Finally, these radical species must survive long enough to react with other chemical species to yield the desired product. The sonochemical efficiency (SE) is thus defined as the ratio of the product yield to the input acoustic power. Here, we put forward a novel approach to enhancing the SE by designing a multi-frequency (0.25 to 1MHz) sonochemical reactor that reflects a cylindrically spreading acoustic wave 180°. The reflected wave converges to cylindrically shaped high-intensity "hot zone" positioned along the axis of the reaction vessel. At modest power input, we detected noise with a passive cavitation detector in air-saturated water, suggesting the direct nucleation of cavitation. Using the Weissler reaction to determine the production of hydroxyl radicals, we determined the SE of our sonochemical reactor at various operation conditions. We also compared these values to conventional bath, horn, and plate sonochemical reactors. The comparison suggested that our reactor design had a better sonochemical efficiency for the Weissler reaction.


age the development of water supplies from sources which are reasonably safe before treatment inasmuch as no treatment process can be considered foolproof. Unfortunately the abuse of surface streams is so general that in many sections of this country water with a high degree of natural purity is no longer available. Consequently, polluted sources must frequently be used. When the potability of a water supply depends upon treatment, its continuing safety rests in the hands of an individual the plant operator. Although treatment plants and processes are designed to be as foolproof as they can reasonably be made, the guiding hand of the operator is needed. A momentary lapse or miscue duetto the ignorance of the operator could Ъе disastrous to the community. Generally, the larger water treatment plants are better designed, better equipped, and better operated than the smaller plants. The small plant is likely to have the same treatment problem and be more difficult to operate than the large plant, yet frequently the small water utility cannot or will not pay the salary a competent and experienced operator justly demands. The operating personnel problem in small plants is often met, unfortunately, by the employment of a man who has had little or no experience in water treatment. One of the major activities of a state health department engineering division is public water supply control. Such control generally covers approval of source, review and approval of plans, inspection of plant operation, review of operation reports, and some degree of bacteriological control. Some states have legal authority to examine and license water plant personnel. Health departments are confronted with the continuing problem of incompetent operators because so many of the men employed in these important jobs are poorly educated and lack inherent capabilities. In the author's opinion, more lasting results could be achieved through maintaining a high educational standard as a condition of


Authors have observed the patients rights as a consumers rights in the paying medical service. Execution of patients rights during health workers occupational activities is the base of health care quality and prophylaxis of patients against hospitals litiges.


As for the phenomenon of subjective desire and insufficient systematic evaluation existed in the selection of bridge type,a theoretical derivation based on fuzzy comprehensive assessment method is established in this passage.Meanwhile,the influence of security,feasibility,economical efficiency,durability,aesthetics and environment protection are considered and a membership function matrix was established.Then,the contrastive analysis in corporate with practical engineering based on the continuous beam bridge,continuous rigid frame bridge and half-through concrete filled steel tube arch bridge is carried out,so that the quantitative value of each alternative bridge type could be obtained,and the appropriate type is determined.


This article argues that South Africa's aspirations to act as a peacemaker in southern African trouble spots, and its relatively large military strength, are likely to prove incompatible. By peacemaking, the reference is essentially to interventions amongst the leadership of warring groups in order to assist in reaching a peace agreement. This may or may not be associated with peacekeeping forces, which may have one or both of two roles: they may act to impose or enforce 'peace', or they may enter once a peace agreement has been reached to help implement the terms of the peace agreement, such as the disarming of former combatants. At its best, peacekeeping is a tool of peacemaking, designed to build trust and confidence in a peace agreement.


A current source based on a voltage ramp generated by a 16-bit digital-to-analog converter and a differentiating capacitor has been developed in MIKES. The system is suitable for generating currents from 1 fA to 100 pA. Standard deviation of average dU/dt:s of 70 ramps during an overnight measurement is as low as 1 ppm.


Phenomenological models have increasingly become vital to bioprocess engineering. In continuous-flow biocompounds extraction models, diffusion requires an extra boundary condition at exit (usually null Neumann condition) while either Dirichlet or Danckwerts condition can be imposed at inlet. By taking an extant case study and with the help of an in-house lattice-Boltzmann simulator, this work numerically examines prospective effects of interchanging aforesaid inlet conditions. Trial simulations were performed for scenarios ranging from convective-dominant to diffusive-dominant. Extraction yields numerically simulated under each inlet condition were compared with experimental data. Expected shape of extraction yield curves was simulated whenever process parameters were properly provided and differences due to switching inlet conditions became evident only in diffusion-dominant extraction scenarios. At diffusivities of order 10-6 m2 s-1, numerical results suggest that Danckwerts boundary condition should be preferred at bed inlet.


In Pursuit of British Interests: Reflections on Foreign Policy under Margaret Thatcher and John Major. By Percy Cradock. London: John Murray, 1997. Pp.228. £18.99. ISBN 0 7195 5464 0.


The activity of NO-synthase was determined by the specific cleavage of NADPH(H+). The activity lymphocytes arrhiza was determined by the formation of urea. Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Na + , K + -ATFase activity of lymphocytes were determined spectrophotometrically by recording the process of hydrolysis of ATP on the accumulation of Rh. The protein content of the lymphocyte mixture was determined using the modified O . Lowry method. Changes in the activity of arginase-NO-synthase and ATPase system of lymphocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are more pronounced than with ankylosing spondylitis, but the most sensitive parameter is the activity of iNOS, which indicates the crucial role of disorders in this regulatory system for the formation and increase of inflammatory joint damage.


This paper focuses on the dynamics of four jellyfish species, Aurelia aurita, Beroe ovata, Mnemiopsis leidyi and Pleurobrachia pileus, from the Black Sea. The samples were taken in time of two expeditions in 2021 (May-June and August-September). Aurelia aurita species was dominant in terms of biomass due to its large size, The density of the species Pleurobrachia pileus recorded high values, in the north, but also between the isobaths of 40-80 m. The density of the species Mnemiopsis leidyi was higher in the southern and central area of the Romanian Black Sea. Because jellyfish feed on zooplankton organisms, the eggs and larvae of commercially important fish, high densities of jellyfish can produce direct decreases in the trophic chain by reducing the biomass of zooplankton, and fish eggs and larvae.


Summary The initial net uptake of Cu(II) into the brain was studied in rats using the single microcirculatory pass technique of Oldendorf. The results indicate that the net influx of Cu(II) is facilitated by a nonsaturable process over a wide range of concentrations. Several amino acids enhance the uptake or early retention of Cu(II). However, the amino acids which promote Cu uptake in brain appear to be different from those previously shown to be effective in other cell systems in vitro.


Recent developments in stretchable electronics hold promise to advance wearable technologies for health monitoring. Emerging techniques allow soft materials to serve as substrates and packaging for electronics, enabling devices to comply with and conform to the body, unlike conventional rigid electronics. However, few stretchable electronic devices achieve the high integration densities that are possible using conventional substrates, such as printed rigid or flexible circuit boards. Here, a new manufacturing method is presented for wearable soft health monitoring devices with high integration densities. It is shown how to fabricate soft electronics on rigid carrier substrates using microfabrication techniques in tandem with strain relief features. Together, these make it possible to integrate a large variety of surface mount components in complex stretchable circuits on thin polymer substrates. The method is largely compatible with existing industrial manufacturing processes. The promise of these methods is demonstrated by realizing skin‐interfaced devices for multimodal physiological data capture via multiwavelength optoelectronic sensor arrays comprised of light emitting diodes and phototransistors. The devices provide high signal‐to‐noise ratio measurements of peripheral hemodynamics, illustrating the promise of soft electronics for wearable health monitoring applications.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of intellectual capital in developing innovation and performance of accounting study programs in Indonesia
Methodology/approach: This type of research is qualitatively interpretive. Because the researcher understands the meaning contained in the interpretation of key informants.
Findings: Human Capital is a key factor for intellectual capital to develop innovation and performance of accounting study programs.  IC, both integrated and individually, plays a role in improving the performance of IAPS 4.0-based study programs
Practical implications: The results of this research can be used by the head of the accounting study program in achieving superior accreditation based on IAPS 4.0, namely by utilizing the role of intellectual capital in developing innovation and performance.
Originality/value: The originality of this research is to explore the intellectual capital component associated with the innovation component and the performance component of the IAPS 4.0-based accounting study program. This research also explores basic theories such as role theory, human capital theory, and the resources-based theory.


We consider the method of determining the exit points from the plane in the point calculus, which is analogous to the vector product of vectors in the vector calculus. It is generalized both in the direction of reducing the dimensionality of space, and in the direction of increasing it. The mathematical apparatus for determining the exit points from the space of different dimensionality is presented. The approach to modeling geometric objects with the help of points that expand the dimensionality of space has been proposed and implemented. As a result, by using the exit segment length function of different dimensionality the set of flat curves in one-dimensional simplex and spatial curves in two-dimensional ones are defined. Examples of definition of an elliptic cylinder and a spatial line on an elliptic cylinder in a planar simplex are given.


On the basis of monitoring and obtaining a large number of monitoring data on a large scale to density of plant Fluorine content and surrounding air fluoride,it judged synthetically to aluminum smelter for surrounding air fluoride pollute range and degree with fuzzy cluster law.According to surrounding air fluoride density plant fluorine content go on the pollution dividing into area to the surrounding environment of aluminum smelter,the solution reflected the pollution state of the surrounding environment of aluminum smelter objectively and truly.


Australian guidelines for dementia cover 109 recommendations for dementia care. Knowing which recommendations to implement poses a challenge for general practitioners (GPs). This study aimed to gather general practice perspectives of priority recommendations for GPs in their practice.


A theory is developed to demonstrate the effects of sorptive exchange on the transport of a chemical in a sediment-laden open-channel flow. Based on the multiple-scale method of homogenization, a depth-averaged transport equation is deduced up to a long time-scale. The dispersion coefficient is the sum of a modified Taylor dispersion coefficient and a dispersion coefficient due to a finite rate of mass exchange between dissolved phase in the water column and sorbed phase on suspended particles. These coefficients are functions of the suspension number and the bulk solid-water distribution ratio. It is shown that, for sufficiently large particles and solid fractions, enhancement of the longitudinal dispersion coefficient due to the sorptive exchange can be significant and should be included in a comprehensive model.


In order to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional PI controller, e.g., the long time adjustment and weak robust performance. This paper proposed an internal model PID control with integral separate. The key feature of the present algorithm lies in that it is easy to adjust its parameters and with the use of integral separate method, it not only maintain the integral effect but also decrease the overall capacity. Simulation results show that IMC PD-PID has stronger robust performance and quicker queue adjusting velocity.


This article presents the assessment of the fusion of Ikonos satellite images using three methods, the first corresponds, Principal Component second Brovey Transform and the Multiplication method implemented in the Matlab Software, with the objective of identifying which of the three methods improves the special resolution without significant loss of spectral richness. Assessment of two implemented methods were performed using the following indices: ERGAS (spectral and spatial), RASE, Universal Quality Index Qu, and Correlation Index, where the best results on spatially and spectrally richness were obtained with first method called transform Brovey.


A patient who had undergone bypass surgery 5 yr earlier, including left internal mammary artery (LIMA) grafting to the left anterior descending artery, underwent transvenous dual‐chamber permanent pacemaker implantation for persistent advanced atrioventricular block. Intraoperative LIMA graft obstruction occurred, resulting in anterior myocardial infarction that was treated successfully by primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stenting. This is the first report of the occurrence of this complication during pacemaker implantation. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 51:65–68, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Let D be a simple digraph with n vertices, m arcs having skew Laplacian eigenvalues ν1, ν2, . . . , νn−1, νn = 0. The skew Laplacian energy SLE(D) of a digraph D is defined as SLE(D) = ∑n i=1 |νi|. We obtain upper and lower bounds for SLE(D), which improves some previously known bounds. We also show that every even positive integer is indeed the skew Laplacian energy of some digraph.


The invention discloses a multifunctional dining car. The multifunctional dining car comprises a car body and a food box detachably connected with the car body. The car body comprises a heating device for heating food in the food box, a heat preservation device located around the food box, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the food in the food box in real time, a weighing sensor for weighing the food in the food box, and a power source. A heating controller for controlling switching on and off of a heating circuit is arranged on the heating device. A closed loop is formed by connecting the heating controller, the temperature sensor, the weighing sensor and the power source in series. The invention further provides a control method of the multifunctional dining car. The control method includes the steps of weighing, temperature measuring and heating. The heating control device is controlled through the weighing sensor and the temperature sensor at the same time, the food box is prevented from empty burning while the food in the food box is heated and subjected to heat preservation, energy is saved, and the production cost is reduced.


Received: June 8, 2021, Accepted: August 20, 2021, ePublished: August 1, 2022 Abstract We present a 48-year-old male patient with a mass in the tail of the pancreas on abdominal ultrasonography. The lesion was suspicious for a well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and spleen preserved distal pancreatectomy surgery was performed. It was diagnosed as intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) after pathological examination. Accessory spleen is not an infrequent congenital entity caused by the localization of normal splenic tissue in ectopic regions. As it is known, an accessory spleen is a benign entity and does not require surgical treatment or follow-up when detected. However, it is important to recognize IPAS tissue as it may mimic a pancreatic neoplasia when it is located in the pancreas. In this article, we discuss the differential diagnostic possibilities of the IPAS entity.


The paper introduces the conception of SOA and Web Service. The paper analyzes the current situation of the science technology department's internet applications, and points out the existing problems. Lastly, advances a method to implement these internet applications integration and cooperation based on SOA and EJB.


This article is about the way teacher's formation is conducted as it has to take into account the challenges facing state schools in contemporary Brazilian society. Its starting point is the understanding that teacher's formation only makes sense when it is connected with the school as a whole and aims at improving students' learning. In order to do so, it analyses the historical context that produced the belated process that ensured schooling for all. It discusses school role in a society that ensures jobs for only a few and the problems it poses for the liberal concept which maintains that schooling guarantees social climbing and it points out school contribution to coping with human diversity. It defends a type of school that guarantees knowledge amid a society that gives priority to information. It concludes with the understanding that school is where rational and reflexive thinking is undertaken and thus teacher's formation processes must be in accordance with the concept of education that give support to that rationale.


The past 25 years have seen great changes in the management of ulcerative colitis (UC) with the introduction of a new procedure, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), and a gradual development in terms of refinement of its technique. These include older refinements such as methods of anastomosis, pouch design, and the plane of rectal dissection, as well as more recent ones, including laparoscopicassisted IPAA, omission or otherwise of a loop ileostomy and IPAA for selected patients with Crohn's disease (CD). This chapter reviews the history of surgery for UC, and examines indications and goals of surgery, the various surgical options, and focuses detailed attention on aspects of IPAA, now considered the gold standard for surgery.


BiOCl nanosheets were annealed at different temperatures. The effect of annealing on structures and properties was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by photodegrading Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV light irradiation. It was found oxygen vacancy defects (OVDs) could be generated during the annealing treatment and the best photocatalytic efficiency was obtained when the annealing temperature was 450 °C. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency was ascribed to the high separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs due to the existence of the OVDs as positively charged centers.


ABSTRACTThe present work aimed to insert strategic tools with the use ofboard games in order to assist and facilitate learning about thehistory of Olympic games, highlighting the importance of workingthe Olympic context in the disciplines of Physical Educationand History. Even with the advance of technology, teachers stillfind it difficult to teach their students in the classroom, becausedistractions and lack of interest are commonplace in the schoolenvironment. Thus, a systematic review of the literature was conductedfrom journals and academic articles, aiming at a deeperstudy on the theme addressed. With this, OlympiaQuiz was created,a board game focused on teaching the Olympic Games, exploringthe social and historical context of the time, to encourage learningthrough games.


To control the secondary insect pest Sylepta derogata Fabricius on the transgenic Bt cotton in field,the effectiveness of five different insecticides(Bacillus thuringiensis,flufenoxuron,dichlorvos,cypermethrin and abamectin) were evaluated by using the technics of life table.The interference indexes of population control for different treatments against S.derogata were 0.919 6,0.526 2,0.889 1,1.027 7,and 0.493 0,respectively.These results were in accordance with laboratory tests having the LC50 value of 4.32,177.62,196.68,206.75,and 0.23 mg/L for B.thuringiensis,flufenoxuron,dichlorvos,cypermethrin and abamectin,respectively.The bioinsecticide abamectin provided the best control on S.derogate,whereas cypermethrin proved the least effective.


It is shown that the species names Palaeothrissum inaequilobum BLAINVILLE, 1818, and P. parvum BLAINVILLE, 1818, from the Lower Permian (Asselian) of Muse, near Autun (Saone-et-Loire department, France) are senior synonyms of the widely used species name, Aeduella blainvillei (AGASSIZ, 1833). In the interest of nomenclatural stability, conditions exist which allow reversal of precedence as stated in Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Thus the species name Aeduella blainvillei (AGASSIZ, 1833) is regarded as valid, qualifying as a nomen protectum, whereas Palaeothrissum inaequilobum BLAINVILLE, 1818, and P. parvum BLAINVILLE, 1818, are invalid, qualifying as nomina oblita. Some of the specimens from the type series upon which P. inaequilobum, P. parvum and Aeduella blainvillei were erected, are identified.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Acne scars may negatively impact quality of life. The purpose of this study was to collect preliminary data on the efficacy and safety of injectable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA, Sculptra, Dermik Laboratories) for the treatment of acne scars. METHODS Twenty subjects aged 42.4±10.7 years (10 men, 10 women) with facial scars resulting from moderate to severe acne or varicella participated in this single-center, open-label prospective study. The primary end point was the resolution of the acne or varicella scars. Secondary end points were the physician and subject assessments of scar improvement. PLLA reconstituted with 5 mL of sterile water was injected serially at or near the sites of the acne scars without topical anesthesia. RESULTS Investigator-assessed reductions in acne scar size and severity were significant (p<.0001) during the course of seven treatments. Subject-rated reduction in scar severity was also significant (p=.0078). Subject satisfaction with treatment trended toward an increase with each treatment session and approached significance (p=.0899). Adverse events were limited to depression (n=1) not related to the treatment. CONCLUSION Injectable PLLA as used in this investigation appears to correct the types of acne scars treated in this study without serious adverse effects.


Micro-gear is an important micro-part and has great potential application in mechanical transmission. As a new research area, the basic research of micro-gear hasn't been reported in home and abroad, so it remains a blank. In this paper, the difference between the conventional gears and micro-gears are discussed, and the main issues in the micro-gears research are also concluded.


The given paper considers the results of investigation of a human skin response to external low intensity microwave radiation. Dissipation of absorption power of a biologically active point (BAT) was obtained. The value of maximum BAT sensitivity to microwave radiation was determined.