Among typical energy storage devices, supercapacitors play a predominant role in industry and our life owing to their rapid charge/discharge rate, superior lifespan, high power density, low cost, and outstanding safety. However, their low energy density has severely hindered their further development. For active electrode materials, graphene-based mesoporous nanosheets (GMNs) can combine the advantages from graphene and mesoporous materials, which can be applied to significantly enhance the energy density of supercapacitors. Here, we review the recent advances in GMNs for supercapacitors, focusing on in-plane mesoporous graphene and sandwich-like graphene-based heterostructures. Firstly, the synthesis of in-plane mesoporous graphene with ordered and disordered mesopores for supercapacitors is introduced. Secondly, sandwich-like graphene-based heterostructures are classified into mesoporous carbon/graphene, mesoporous heteroatom-doped carbon/graphene, mesoporous conducting polymer/graphene, and mesoporous metal oxide/graphene, and their applications in supercapacitors are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of GMNs for high-performance supercapacitors are proposed.


The aim of the study was to review the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the spine in discitis in the toddler age group (one to three years). Discitis presents differently in different age groups of children. It is most difficult to diagnose in the uncommunicative non-compliant toddler. The clinical features are often non-specific and laboratory and microbiological tests can be unhelpful. A highly sensitive test is required to aid in making the diagnosis. Although MR Imaging has been used in discitis for several years, we reviewed its actual effectiveness in this specific difficult age group. At a mean of 21 months at follow-up (range 10 to 40), MR imaging of the disc was variable, with partial recovery after 15 months and complete recovery after 34 months. Routine follow-up MR imaging was not recommended. We reviewed the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in eleven consecutive cases, both at presentation and at a follow-up clinic. MR imaging was diagnostic in all cases, reduced the diagnostic delay, and often avoided a disc biopsy. It demonstrated any paravertebral inflammatory collection, which helped in determining the duration of the oral therapy given after the initial intravenous antibiotics.


Axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines are welcomed in industries due to the compactness. In order to improve the fault-tolerant capability and decrease phase voltage level, a dual three-phase dual stator AFPM machine with mechanical offset is proposed. In this paper, a theoretical analysis is conducted for the harmonics of the proposed machine. The mechanical offset mainly affects the amplitudes of harmonics. Then, a 3D finite element analysis is performed to verify the theoretical analysis. The orders of main air-gap flux density harmonics are related to the number of rotor pole pairs and teeth, but the harmonics have little influence in the back electromotive force. As for the axial force density, the orders of main harmonic components are the two times number of stator pole pairs, rotor pole pairs, and teeth. The results are consistent with the theoretical analysis and in-depth discussion.


Steam dryers are in widespread use for sewage sludge treatment. The effectiveness of the steam dryer could be improved by increasing the drying rate, which is influenced by the movement of the sludge in the dryer. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the movement of sludge and water evaporation in the dryer. In this study, tracers were used to elucidate the behavior of sludge in the dryer. The experiment confirmed that sludge did not simply flow in one direction; instead, part of the sludge flowed in the reverse direction (back-mixing). A tanks-in-series model analysis was performed to analyze the back-mixing phenomenon. This analysis provided insight into the behavior of sludge in the dryer, and the drying rate of each segment was determined.


In this paper, we have investigated Kantowaski-Sachs cosmological model with bulk viscous and cosmic string in the framework of Teleparallel Gravity so called f(T) gravity, where T denotes the torsion scalar. The behavior of accelerating universe is discussed towards the particular choice of f(T) = Α(T) + β(T)m. The exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by applying variable deceleration parameter which is linear in time with a negative slope. The physical behavior of these models has been discussed using some physical quantities. Also, the function of the torsion scalar for the universe is evaluated.


Context
Previous studies about the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are limited by inconsistent conclusions, mainly being cross-sectional and having a small sample size, no elderly people, or a lack of prediabetes.

Objective
This study sought to examine the relationship between NAFLD and diabetes and prediabetes in a large cohort based on Chinese male elderly.

Design
This was a retrospective cohort study that was followed up for ∼5 years.

Setting
This study was conducted in Beijing, China.

Participants
Chinese male elderly (n = 18,507). Participants with diabetes/prediabetes at baseline were excluded.

Main Outcome Measures
Ultrasound was used for diagnosis of NAFLD.

Results
Mean age of the 18,507 participants was 71.38 ± 14.15 years. The prevalence of NAFLD was 18.77% (3474/18,503), and participants with NAFLD had higher body mass index (BMI), blood pressure levels, blood lipid levels, and also higher alanine aminotransferase levels (P < 0.001). The total 5-year incidence was 2.448% for diabetes and 10.628% for prediabetes. Participants with NAFLD at baseline had a higher incidence of both diabetes and prediabetes. The adjusted relative risks (RRs) were 1.672 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.361 to 2.052] and 1.336 (95% CI, 1.205 to 1.481). The RRs were closely related to BMI changes. The adjusted RRs for diabetes according to three BMI change groups (<-1.00 kg/m2, -1.00 to 1.00 kg/m2, >1.00 kg/m2) were 1.599 (95% CI, 1.054 to 2.426), 1.640 (95% CI, 1.241 to 2.167), and 1.918 (95% CI, 1.239 to 2.969), respectively. Similar results were obtained when prediabetes was used as the dependent variable.

Conclusions
There was a strong and independent association between NAFLD and both diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese male elderly, and this relationship was closely related to BMI changes.


Abstract The phenomenological reduction and the writings of Husserl and Heidegger are considered in the context of transpersonal mystical experience. The author shows how the practice of the phenomenological reduction spontaneously delivered both Heidegger and Husserl into transpersonal realms. An experiential examination of their writing reveals the great similarities between their own ideas and those of classical transpersonal sources from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism. The way in which each utilized the phenomenological reduction is also explored. If Husserl's method does indeed have mystical potential then transpersonal psychology and phenomenology are not only related but may have much to offer each other as modes of inquiry.


Summary form only given. We report on a fiber laser sensor for the measurement of isotropic pressure in fluids. The pressure acts directly onto a sensing fiber, i.e. no mechanical transducer is required. Further advantages include a frequency encoded output, which is easier to detect than the wavelength encoded output of a fiber Bragg grating sensor, a large temperature range of operation (in excess of 200/spl deg/C), and sensor multiplexing capabilities along a single line of fiber. Possible applications include pressure monitoring in oil wells.


China and South Korea are both Asian countries and school violence has long been a common problem for them. This paper discusses the causes and countermeasures of school violence from five aspects students, families, schools, society, and government, and summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of the two countries on this issue. A better strategy that suits the national conditions of the two countries is proposed against the new forms of current school violence. It is found that the two countries need to continuously improve their laws, implement policies, and develop training in schools and professional institutions. They need to make parents and all walks of life emphasize on the problem and take action so that multi-efforts will be integrated to solve school violence.


The main objective of this project presentation was to evaluate the by-products of paddy farming (in Tanzania) into sustainable building materials optimised for construction of low-cost housing, and suitable to be adopted in rice-producing countries in Africa. In Tanzania, rice husks are seldom used as a fuel – if not burnt or dumped in landfills and there is lack of awareness or active research on optimising the by-product RHA in cement and concrete technology. Scientific research within this field of technology can advance development by obtaining suitable properties of the by-products that can provide an advantageous and alternative measure for their use as SCMs not only in its raw form i.e. husks for low-cost housing but also in its artificial form i.e. RHA as a high-tech as a substitute for cement in Africa.


The potential impacts of station retrofitting for the handicapped are considered under three headings: safety and security, service, and cost. Accessibility related devices including vertical movement facilities must be carefully engineered and tested before general use. Degradation-of-service attributes and discussed. The addition of accessibility-related devices to a station will increae its direct operating and maintenance costs. The question must be asked: "if the transit operator must bear additional costs, then, can the system operate successfully?"


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Thigh muscle blood flow and oxidative metabolism indexes and NEFA uptake were determined using positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography (PET/CT) with [C]acetate and 14(R,S)[F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid (FTHA) in seven healthy control subjects (CON) and seven subjects with type 2 diabetes during continuous oral intake of a liquid meal to achieve steady postprandial NEFA levels with insulin infusion to maintain similar plasma glucose levels in both groups.


In this paper, the failure mechanisms of Ferrite- Martensite dual-phase steels composite microstructure with various morphologies (Fibrous or Equiaxed) and volume fractions of martensite second phase (VM) (between 11- 70%) are investigated. These failure mechanisms consist of Ferrite-Martensite interface debonding and/or Martensite phase fracture. In each sample with a different morphology and VM, the failure mechanism is unique. For better study of these failure mechanisms, Acoustic Emission (AE) monitoring is used during tensile testing of several dual- phase steels with Fibrous and Equiaxed morphologies (each morphology is set with four VM) and attempted to relate the AE signals to various failure mechanisms. From AE measurements and FFT analysis, the AE signals associated with various failure mechanisms are classified on the basis of peak frequency. This study shows a good relationship between the AE signals and mechanisms of failure in various dual-phase steels.


Received on: 16/04/2021 Accepted on: 14/06/2021 Abstract: This article analyzes some changes that have occurred in Portuguese textbooks, relating them to changes in the teaching of mother tongue. This study is the result of a documentary research carried out from the comparison of two textbooks published at different times, 1969 and 2018. From such comparison, we could reflect on the socio-historical path of the Portuguese textbook, its structure and theoretical conception. The theoretical basis of this article articulates the reading of several authors who discuss Portuguese language teaching from different perspectives. Textbooks, as a cultural product, stem from the socio-historical context and relate to different discourses within the society, including official documents, linguistic and teaching theories, and the very target audience (professors and students). As a result of this analysis, we could identify changes in theoretical conceptions and legal guidelines that influence the subject over the almost fifty years between the two books; changes which directly interfered in the construction of textbooks. Although they present many differences, both visual and structural, one can affirm there are still permanence points that link them to traditional teaching.


Ptiliidae collected in Africa (Ivory Coast, Mozambique, São Tomé, Sierra Leone) 2015–2017 under the auspices of the African Natural History Research Trust and the Natural History Museum, London, are determined to 24 species, 9 of which are new to science: Actidium
 loma sp. n., Actidium milesi sp. n., Actidium takanoi sp. n., Actidium acutum sp. n., Erro goffi sp. n., Ptilium maputense sp. n., Cissidium aristophanousi Darby (in a separate paper in press), Ptinella clio sp. n., and Ptinella
 euterpe sp. n.. New records are provided for Ptenidium nitidum Heer, Bambara frosti Dybas, Bambara magnifica Darby, Bambara joannis Vuillet, Ptiliola semitaria Darby, Nephanes marchali (Vuillet), Nephanes plurijugosus Darby, Nephanes
 titan (Newman), Acrotrichis africana Johnson, Acrotrichis africanoides Johnson, Acrotrichis capensis Johnson, Acrotrichis cephalotes Allibert, Acrotrichis discoloroides Johnson, Acrotrichis setigera Johnson and Acrotrichis tersa Johnson.
 A table is included listing all known species of Acrotrichis from Africa and the countries where they were found.


PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing substituted pyrimidinyl derivatives for treating metabolic disorders is provided to activate GPR119 and to treat metabolic syndrome and obesity. CONSTITUTION: A substituted pyrimidinyl derivative is denoted by chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, Z_1 and Z_3 are N; Z_2 and Z_4 are CH; and L_1 is O. A pharmaceutical composition for treating metabolic disorders contains the compound of chemical formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The metabolic disorders include type I diabetes, type II diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemis, hypercholesterolemia, and dyslipidemia.


Power system security is increasingly endangered due to novel power flow situations caused by the growing integration of distributed generation. Consequently, grid operators are forced to request the curtailment of distributed generators to ensure the compliance with operational limits more often. This research proposes a framework to simulate the incidental amount of renewable energy curtailment based on load flow analysis of the network. Real data from a 110 kV distribution network located in Germany are used to validate the proposed framework by implementing best practice curtailment approaches. Furthermore, novel operational concepts are investigated to improve the practical implementation of distributed generation curtailment. Specifically, smaller curtailment level increments, coordinated selection methods, and an extension of the n-1 security criterion are analyzed. Moreover, combinations of these concepts are considered to depict interdependencies between several operational aspects. The results quantify the potential of the proposed concepts to improve established grid operation practices by minimizing distributed generation curtailment and, thus, maximizing power system integration of renewable energies. In particular, the extension of the n-1 criterion offers significant potential to reduce curtailment by up to 94.8% through a more efficient utilization of grid capacities.


The disclosure herein, comprises a rapid gas decompression (RGD) resistant fluoroelastomer composition comprises a curable fluoropolymer having cure site monomer having at least one functional group can be cured by a peroxide curing agent. The composition contains a bisphenyl based curing agent and an organic peroxide curing agent and an organic peroxide co-curing agent. The fluoroelastomer composition is from about 0.25: 1 to about 1.5: 1 ratio of bisphenyl based curing agent to organic peroxide co-curing agent, and about 0.5: 1 to about 1.5: 1 those having a ratio of bisphenyl based curing agent to an organic peroxide. Such compositions may be formed in the sealant meet the different size RGD industry standards for thickness or cross-sectional diameter greater than 5mm to and / or 5mm.


The first university course in experimental psychology in Paris was located in the Faculty of Letters rather than the Faculty of Sciences or Medecine. The historical association of psychology with philosophy helps explain this placement, but this choise reinforced this philosophical character of the position at the expense of the experimental.


The origin of the civil war is a central theme in the history of Spain in the 20th century and has given rise to intense debates. In the author's opinion, it was the result of the combination of structural conditions (economic and social underdevelopment, accelerated modernization pro-cess, resistance to it), all necessary, but not sufficient. The latter were determined by two factors: the existence of a conspiracy against the Spanish Republic since its very advent in 1931 and the inability of the republican governments to effectively cut it off in 1936. They did not know how to do so despite all the measures adopted but, at the same time Dessert, they could not either because from the first years of his life his monarchical adversaries had the help of fascist Italy. This was gradually materializing until an agreement was reached in March 1934, well known, but also very disfigured. It was the unequivocal signal that Mussolini was willing to curtail the republican experience in Spain in order to establish fascist influence in the western Mediterranean. The unequivocal signal was given in October 1935, in parallel with the in-vasion of Abyssinia. In June 1936, after victory, he turned again to Spain. His commitment materialized in contracts for the supply of war material, for a short war, on July 1 of the same year. The author has uncovered one of the most disfigured enigmas of the origin of the civil war.


One of the challenging issues in wireless network is rogue access point (RAP) detection and mitigation. The authors propose a new access point (AP) selection mechanism to keep wireless users from RAPs. A centralised server called AP registration centre (APRC) maintains a list of authorised APs, and a wireless user can check if a specific AP is legitimate by querying APRC about its legitimacy in a secure way using the concept of voting and signal strength-based authentication. The authors compare their scheme with a timing-based scheme and the experiment results show that our scheme detects RAPs accurately with lower false positives and false negatives.


The value, both academic and practical, of accurate knowledge regarding the mechanism of mammary secretion requires no emphasis. Our relative ignorance of what is actually going on in the mammary gland during its activity has been justly lamented from time to time by several writers. Attempts have recently been made to remedy this lack of knowledge, particularly in regard to the nature of the precursors, in the blood as it reaches the gland, of the characteristic milk constituents. It is with a major point in the technique of conducting experiments on bovine blood constituents that this paper is mainly concerned. An apparently direct method of obtaining information on the question of milk precursors is to make an accurate comparison between the composition of blood entering and that of blood leaving the udder of an actively lactating animal, the samples being taken approximately simultaneously. With due care, it is now possible to obtain useful information by this method. It does not, however, necessarily follow that a change in the amount of any given organic constituent of the blood during its passage through the mammary gland is due to such a substance being withdrawn to form a milk constituent. Part at least may be used up—in fact, some organic material borne by the blood must be used up—to provide the energy required for maintenance and secretory activity. The metabolic activity of the gland is evidenced by the marked change in the colour of the blood of the mammary vein as compared with the arterial blood, despite the speed ( see following paper) with which blood flows through the gland.


Agents interactions in a social network are dynamic and stochastic. We model the dynamic interactions using the hidden Markov model, a probability model which has a wide array of applications. The transition matrix with three states, forgetting, reinforcement and exploration is estimated using simulation. Singular value decomposition estimates the observation matrix for emission of low, medium and high interaction rates. This is achieved when the rank approximation is applied to the transition matrix. The initial state probabilities are then estimated with rank approximation of the observation matrix. The transition and the observation matrices estimate the state and observed symbols in the model. Agents interactions in a social network account for between 20% and 50% of all the activities in the network. Noise contributes to the other portion due to interaction dynamics and rapid changes observable from the agents transitions in the network. In the model, the interaction proportions are low with 11%, medium with 56% and high with 33%. Hidden Markov model has a strong statistical and mathematical structure to model interactions in a social network.


Intractable recurrent ulcers in the pharynx of unknown cause are resistant to treatment. A 34year-old man with a recurrent ulcer was treated at our hospital. Because of the association with inflammatory changes of the lingual tonsil, we vaporized the lingual tonsil using a CO2 laser. After this procedure, his pharyngeal ulcer was cured and no recurrence of the disease has been noted for 2 years. Focal infection may be one of the causes of this disease.


Surface recombination affects both light-to-electricity and electricity-to-light conversion in solar cells (SCs). Therefore, quantitative analysis and reduction of surface recombination is an important direction in SC research. In this work, electroluminescence (EL) intensity and photoconversion efficiency of a set of 93 large-area (239\,cm$^2$) a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction SCs (HJSCs) are measured under AM1.5 conditions at 298 K. The HJSC samples differed only in surface recombination velocity, $S$, but otherwise were identical. Variation in $S$ was due to the variation of the chemical conditions under which the samples were treated. It is established that EL quantum efficiency, is affected by $S$ much more strongly than photoconversion efficiency, $\eta$: namely, the reduction of the latter from 20.5\% to 18\% due to an increase of $S$ is accompanied by a decrease of the former by more than an order of magnitude. In HJSCs with well passivated surfaces, i.e. low $S$, EL efficiency reached 2.1\%, which is notably higher than the known values in silicon homojunction diodes. For temperature-dependent measurements of EL and dark I-V curves, one of the samples was cut into small-area (1 cm$^2$) pieces. It was found that EL intensity as a function of temperature develops a maximum at $T$ = 223 K. At low temperatures, the current at weak bias is shown to be due to tunneling mechanism. A theoretical model is developed that explains all these findings quantitatively.


Efficient communication design is essential for HEC applications to scale to thousands and 10s of thousands of processors on current and upcoming systems. Traditionally, nonblocking two-sided semantics from MPI-1 have been used to achieve latency hiding when optimizing communication for HEC applications. The more recently proposed one-sided semantics of MPI-2 can also be used to achieve latency hiding but have not been evaluated at large scale. For this study, we investigate application level optimizations for latency hiding in conjunction with one-sided and non-blocking two-sided implementations of nearneighbor communication in a stencil-based earthquake-induced ground motion simulation code, AWM-OLSEN from the Southern California Earthquake Center. We implement reduced synchronization and communication-computation overlap, two key mechanisms for latency hiding. We use Post-Wait/Start-Complete calls or Fence calls in the one-sided versions and ISend/IRecv/Waitall calls in the two-sided version. Our experiments on TACCś Ranger system show that these mechanisms can provide similar benefits in both the onesided and two-sided models and demonstrate use of one-sided communication at large scale. We see a 7% improvement in the overall application performance on 4,096 cores.


Technological advancements in the drone sector posed an arduous challenge of enhancing the collisiontolerance competence of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV). This paper presents the design and system integration of an IoT-enabled UAV which comprises a 3D designed and printed spherical frame wound across the UAV consisting of a high definition camera that demonstrates processing of the video feed captured using machine learning algorithm. A truncated icosahedron shaped protective frame is designed such that it can bounce and roll in the near proximity of objects as well as humans, thereby proving to be crash-resistant. Hence, it offers close scrutinization, surveying and inspection of various structures and analyses them using a machine learning model. Another novel feature of this UAV is the sensor module composed of various detachable sensors used for applicationspecific purposes like gas-leakage detection, air-quality monitoring, temperature, humidity etc. in confined and complex environments. These features of the UAV, on collaborating with various indoor and outdoor applications contribute towards the versatility of this drone. The UAV is integrated with LoRa modules and is used for seamless connectivity and networking over astonishingly great distances. The final prototype of this design was successfully flight tested numerous times and was found to be efficient, robust and stable.


Drowsy is the explanation behind the vast majority of the road accidents. Physically tracing the drowsy driver isn't a simple assignment, on the grounds that consistently a great many vehicles are running on the roads. So we require a framework that must accompany each vehicle and in the event that it recognizes the languid driver it must stop the vehicle instantly. What's more if the driver is dozed the vehicle will be halted, and it screens the temperature and gas spill and shows it in the LCD.


In this paper, we consider a reaction-diffusion process described by a linear parabolic partial derivative equation (PDE). Two radically different control approaches are compared: the model predictive control (MPC) and the backstepping approach. The stabilization of the unstable reaction-diffusion process is first studied. Then, to deal with parameter uncertainties, an adaptive backstepping controller is developed and compared to a model predictive controller based on an internal model control (IMC) structure. Simulation results illustrate the efficiency of the two approaches in terms of precision and computational time.


Abstract The integration of an observer in a closed loop control scheme for continuous timed Petri nets ( ContPN ) is presented in this paper. The selected observer to be implemented in this work is a Luenberger observer, where the convergence time can be designed by choosing the appropriate gains. The controller uses an on-off state feedback strategy to regulate the ContPN in the required state. The idea of the proposed strategy is to turn on the observer and, once the observer error converges to a certain value close to zero, then the controller is turned on, and from this moment, the control under state estimation will be applied.


Group A rotaviruses (RVA) have been recognised as an important cause of piglet diarrhoea which is a major threat causing serious economic losses in swine industry of north east India. Apart from RVA, there are many other agents which are directly or indirectly associated with piglet diarrhoea. Thus accurate and timely diagnosis is very much essential to establish the etiology of piglet diarrhoea. In the present study, RVA was detected in faecal samples of diarrhoeic pigs using RNA-PAGE and RT-PCR, collected from different states of Northeast India. Overall, of 601 faecal samples collected, 134(22.29%) samples were found to be positive for presence of RVA by RNA-PAGE. In RT-PCR, RVA was detected by amplification of VP4 and VP7 genes of RV, where 178 (29.61%) samples were found positive. Among the states, Assam and Tripura recorded highest prevalence of RV among pig population in comparison to other states of NER.


The present invention discloses a fault detection method for long-distance-based passive optical network, the optical bypass branch is turned on, the optical path detector detecting the transmission signal; a reflective signal detection signal detected from the return light path length through the passive optical network instrument; detector optical path by analyzing the reflected signal is returned, a fault condition is determined. Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a long-distance passive optical network based on the failure detection system, since the OLT Bureau OTDR instruments can use a fiber optic long distance before the cartridge RE, RE from the long fiber for a cartridge detection, therefore, the present invention can greatly shorten the time of the light path detection time and reduce operating costs, ensure quality of service.


It is usually accepted that General Relativity is the only consistent theory which can be obtained starting from the linear Fiertz-Pauli Lagrangian. It is the aim of the present paper to study whether, under certain requirements, a different and consistent theory can be found. These requirements will be the common ones encountered in flat field theory: removal of the non physical degrees of freedom and conservation of the energy momentum currents determined by Noether's Theorem. It will be shown that imposing certain constraint (related to the elimination of the undesired components of the reducible representation) on the field manifold, a consistent theory (at least to first order in nonlinearties) is achieved. The theory obtained proceeding this way is characterizd, to the lowest nonlinear order, by certain parameter epsilon. General Relativity's corresponding term is found to be a limit case when the parameter tends to zero. So, epsilon measures at this level the size of the breaking of the global symmetry appearing in General Relativity i.e. diff.invariance. It remains as open questions the matters of the theory's solvability to all orders and the appearence of it's quantized version.


Objective To observe the changes of sIL\|2R and T lymphocytes subsets in patients with PHC before and after thermochemoembolotherapy and evaluate their clinical significance.Methods Immune fluorescent assay and sandwich ELISA were used to measure the immune state of 30 patients with PHC before and after thermochemoembolotherapy and compared them with that of health comtrols.Results In patients with PHC,Th was lower while Ts and sIL\|2R were higher than that of health controls (P 0.01 ).After therapy,Th elevated while Ts and sIL\|2R declined(P0.01).Conclusion Measuring sIL\|2R and T lymphocytes subsets is helpful to know the immune state and has significance in directing therapy and judging prognosis.To patients with PHC,the method of thermochemoembolotherapy is superior to that of simplex chemoembolotherapy from medical document.


Mixtures containing tartrazine (TAN) and brilliant blue (BB) or patented blue (PB) were investigated in this work. The optimal pH for the simultaneous determination of these dyes is 1.5 and 7 (for pH=7: ε430(ТАN)=3.2·104, ε635(ТАN)=5.3·102, ε430(PB)=3.3·103, ε635(PB)=8.7·104; for pH=1.5: ε430(ТАN)=2.1·104, ε630(ТАN)=9.6·102, ε430(BB)=9.3·103, ε630(BB)=8.3·104). Classification models, that allow to identify mixtures containing TAN and BB, TAN and PB, chlorophyll and quinoline yellow with BB or PB, have been developed using methods of hierarchical cluster analysis, factor analysis (FA), partial least squares (PLS) and principal component analysis (PCA). Model solutions of dyes and 12 real objects (tarkhun, low-alcohol drinks, tonics and absinthe of various brands) were used for the classification. The best classification results were achieved at pH 1.5 using PLS and PCA. Quantitative models, based on the additivity of spectral signals and PLS, have been developed for determining the permittivity of these dyes in the simultaneous presence. In order to make it possible to analyse alcoholic drinks, the dependence of the molar attenuation coefficient on the dielectric conductivity of solvents was studied. The obtained regression equations were taken into account in the calibration for absorbance additivity. Methods for the quantitative determination of the investigated dyes were developed for the concentration range 0.2-2.0∙10-5 М.


Background  Keloids are fibroproliferative disorders characterized by increased deposition of extracellular matrix components. Stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c‐KIT are expressed in a wide variety of cells and have also been demonstrated to be important modulators of the wound healing process.


Herein, we applied a community genomic approach using a naphthalene‐enriched community (CN1) to isolate a versatile esterase (CN1E1) from the α/β‐hydrolase family. The protein shares low‐to‐medium identity (≤ 57%) with known esterase/lipase‐like proteins. The enzyme is most active at 25–30°C and pH 8.5; it retains approximately 55% of its activity at 4°C and less than 8% at ≥ 55°C, which indicates that it is a cold‐adapted enzyme. CN1E1 has a distinct substrate preference compared with other α/β‐hydrolases because it is catalytically most active for hydrolysing polyaromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, benzoyl, protocatechuate and phthalate) esters (7200–21 000 units g−1 protein at 40°C and pH 8.0). The enzyme also accepts 44 structurally different common esters with different levels of enantio‐selectivity (1.0–55 000 units g−1 protein), including (±)‐menthyl‐acetate, (±)‐neomenthyl acetate, (±)‐pantolactone, (±)‐methyl‐mandelate, (±)‐methyl‐lactate and (±)‐glycidyl 4‐nitrobenzoate (in that order). The results provide the first biochemical evidence suggesting that such broad‐spectrum esterases may be an ecological advantage for bacteria that mineralize recalcitrant pollutants (including oil refinery products, plasticizers and pesticides) as carbon sources under pollution pressure. They also offer a new tool for the stereo‐assembly (i.e. through ester bonds) of multi‐aromatic molecules with benzene rings that are useful for biology, chemistry and materials sciences for cases in which enzyme methods are not yet available.


The study of the characteristics and variations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) plays an important role in understanding the effects of aerosol–cloud interactions. This paper selected observation data in a city region of Shijiazhuang in North China from 2005 to 2007, along with the corresponding MERRA-2 and ERA5 data, to analyze the characteristics of CCN, sort the factors affecting the diurnal variation of CCN number concentration (NCCN) according to their importance, and build the relationship between NCCN and supersaturation (SS) in the heavily polluted region. The results show that there was a bimodal distribution of a daily time series for NCCN in Shijiazhuang, China. By calculating the correlation between CCN and pollutants observed in winter 2007, we identified that the dominant factor for peaks of NCCN is SO2 in the morning but NO2 in the evening. We also ranked the factors affecting the diurnal variation of NCCN by using observation and reanalysis data and found that the concentration of pollutants is the greatest impact factor in summer, but the atmospheric stability is the greatest factor in winter. Finally, we determined the relationship between NCCN and SS according to the Twomey formula (NCCN=cSSk) and found there was a reasonable value range (i.e., 0.5~0.7) for the parameter k in East and North China. Specifically, it is more reasonable for k to be 0.5 in summer and 0.7 in winter.


The intrinsic switching path for the electric field enforced transition from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric states has been computed for the simple Kittel linear antiferroelectric. The generalized switching curves give values of the polarization, free energy, and dielectric susceptibility as a function of applied field for a number of different antiferroelectric stabilities. The switching curves are qualitatively similar to those in real perovskite antiferroelectrics, and the possible extension of the treatment to real materials is discussed.


Conclusions The combination treatment of anti-PD-L1xCD3 bsAb with rhIL-7-hyFc enhances antitumor efficacy.Both systemic and intratumoral administration of bsAb with rhIL-7-hyFc augments antitumor effects, and intratumoral administration induced less weight loss than systemic administration.The activation of PD-1 - bystander CD8 + T cells in tumors by the combination of bsAb and rhIL-7-hyFc suggests that antitumor response may be partially mediated by the targeted activation of bystander CD8 + T cells. Our results serve as a proof-of-concept that the combination of rhIL-7-hyFc, a strong T cell amplifier, with bsAb, a tumor-targeted T-cell stimulator, would be a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.


The study measured the attitudes of the affectees of Ojheri camp disaster who either lost their relatives or were injured or lost their property or suffered from a combination of these damages. A questionnaire containing positive and negative attitudinal statements was administered to 48 female and 42 male affectees after 3 months of the disaster. The affectees were living at varying distances from the place of disaster. The attitudinal statements were about the government's role during and after the disaster. A series of analyses of variance were performed. The results indicated that the nearer the residence of the affectees from the site of the disaster the more negative attitude they held toward the government. It was also found that the politically affiliated persons held more negative attitudes toward the government as compared to politically non-affiliated persons. The results indicated that the affectees were generally critical of the government and they expressed strong negative feelings toward government's handling of the disaster and its post-disaster relief work. The findings have been discussed in a social-psychological frame work.


Due to the high spectrum utilization of Nonorthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), it becomes one of the potential candidate technologies for future wireless communication systems. Meanwhile, in New Radio, Vehicle to Everything (V2X) has been proposed as a promising issue in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This paper studies the resource allocation mechanism with power control strategy which makes full use of vehicles' moving characteristics in the NOMA-based Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication system. Firstly, vehicles are grouped according to their moving characteristics by spectral clustering. Then, vehicles which are in the same group are allocated the same wireless resource with NOMA strategy. Two grouping methods have been designed for freeway and urban scenarios separately. After that, the transmission power of vehicles is adjusted based on the result of power control strategy utilizing Q-learning. The simulation results show that the performance of the V2V system in terms of Packet Received Ratio (PRR) can be evidently improved by the proposed joint NOMA resource allocation and power control mechanism compared to typical energy sensing-based resource allocation method.


A link between lack of employment and poverty is often made implicitly, but can rarely be enumerated in any sort of satisfactory manner. We would therefore like to ask the question: to what extent does acquiring employment increase a poor household's probability of exiting poverty? Register data from the entire resident population of Norway serves as the basis for the analysis. We distinguish between full-time and part-time employment and also include an investigation into the effect transfers have on the probability of exiting poverty,with or without a concurrent change in employment status. Norway with its generous social welfare system and well-functioning labor markets provides a unique opportunity to abstract to a certain extent from many complicating factors in investigating these questions.


An inherently parallel algorithm is proposed that efficiently performs selection: finding the K-th largest member of a set of N members. Selection is a common component of many more complex algorithms and therefore is a widely studied problem.
Not much is new in the proposed dualheap selection algorithm: the heap data structure is from J.W.J.Williams, the bottom-up heap construction is from R.W. Floyd, and the concept of a two heap data structure is from J.W.J. Williams and D.E. Knuth. The algorithm's novelty is limited to a few relatively minor implementation twists: 1) the two heaps are oriented with their roots at the partition values rather than at the minimum and maximum values, 2)the coding of one of the heaps (the heap of smaller values) employs negative indexing, and 3) the exchange phase of the algorithm is similar to a bottom-up heap construction, but navigates the heap with a post-order tree traversal.
When run on a single processor, the dualheap selection algorithm's performance is competitive with quickselect with median estimation, a common variant of C.A.R. Hoare's quicksort algorithm. When run on parallel processors, the dualheap selection algorithm is superior due to its subtasks that are easily partitioned and innately balanced.


In this paper, the architecture for Fast Fourier Transform over Galois Field (2 4 ) is described. The method used is cyclotomic decomposition. The Cyclotomic Fast Fourier Transforms (CFFTs) are preferred due to low multiplicative complexity. The approach used is the decomposition of the arbitrary polynomial into a sum of linearized polynomials. Also, Common Subexpression Elimination (CSE) algorithm is used to reduce the additive complexity of the architecture. By using CSE algorithm, the design with reduced operational complexity has been described.


Background: Student pharmacist participation in Student-Run Free Clinics (SRFCs) has not been well studied. Similarly, there is not much data for the use of pre-visit planning calls in the SRFC setting. Our SRFC is open two days a week and staffed by a multidisciplinary team of medical, nursing, pharmacy, and social work students that are supervised by physicians, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and clinical social worker preceptors. The objective of our project is to determine the impact of pre-visit telephone calls on the accuracy of existing medication lists in the electronic health record (EHR) and the identification of medication therapy-related problems.
Methods: We developed a pre-visit planning call protocol to perform medication reconciliation and identify medication therapy problems (MTPs). Trained student pharmacists called patients prior to their scheduled medical appointment to update their medication list in the EHR and conduct a preliminary assessment of MTPs. We recorded patient demographics, including age, gender, race, co-morbid conditions, medication changes documented in the EHR, and potential MTPs. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the patient population and medication changes.
Results: A total of 111 patients participated in 135 patient encounters. Among prescription medications, there were 36 additions, 34 removals, and 97 adjustments to directions. There were 147 nonprescription products added, 34 removed, and 56 adjustments to directions.  There were 16 situations in which a patient may have needed additional medication therapy, 14 drug-drug interactions, 12 adverse medication events, and five problems requiring additional monitoring. The median call was 5 minutes in duration.
Conclusion: Student pharmacists were able to conduct pre-visit planning telephone calls to improve the accuracy of medication lists and conduct a preliminary assessment of MTPs prior to patient visits at the SRFC.


The mainstreaming of zero-energy buildings has become the long-term goal of strategic energy planners seeking climate stabilization. Such planning requires intermediate milestones and near-term examples. A good first milestone is the halving of building energy use using smart design and state-of-the-shelf technology. The Getting to 50 (GT50) database has compiled information on over 100 U.S. commercial buildings with stated energy savings at least 30% beyond comparable or code buildings. While many of the buildings identified in this database have been evaluated as designed, the number of buildings that offer as-operated data is over 60 and growing. What is needed is greater measured performance data linked to information about the design and operation of high-efficiency buildings. This paper presents 1) an overview of current policy drivers for increased information on low-energy buildings, 2) the case for the value of increased data to support that direction, 3) a summary of the sizes, types and measures used by buildings striving for low energy from the GT50 dataset and 4) the approach and results on a pilot measured performance case study. The case study building is a part of a major university working toward a net-zero energy campus and serves as an example of the evaluation and documentation needed for promulgating highefficiency buildings.


In this paper, using ideas of Simons, Ros, and Savo, we prove a comparison between the spectrums of the stability operator and the Hodge–Laplacian acting on differential 1‐forms on a compact minimal submanifold immersed into a Euclidean domain.


It is commonly assumed that Victorian patriarchs disposed of their women by making myths of them; but then as now social mythology had an unpredictable life of its own, slyly empowering the subjects it seemed to reduce. It also penetrated unexpected sanctuaries. If we examine the unsettling impact upon Sigmund Freud of a popular mythic configuration of the 1890s, we witness a rich, covert collaboration between documents of romance and the romance of science. Fueling this entanglement between the clinician's proud objectivity and the compelling images of popular belief is the imaginative power of that much-loved, much-feared, and much-lied-about creature, the Victorian woman. Until recently, feminist criticism has depreciated this interaction between myths of womanhood, science, and history, seeing in social mythology only a male mystification which dehumanizes women: the myth of womanhood was thought to be no more than manufactured fantasies about woman's nature (inferior brain weight, educated women's tendency to brain fever, a ubiquitous maternal instinct, raging hormonal imbalance) meant to shackle female experience to male convenience.1 As feminist criticism gains authority, however, its new sense


This paper is a first attempt to examine a relatively unknown Byzantine grammar attributed to the twelfth-century poet Theodoros Prodromos. The paper deals with various aspects of this work like the recent scholarly work, Prodromos' authorship, the manuscript tradition, and its purpose of composition. The main purpose of this article is therefore to highlight the importance of this obscure grammatical work in an attempt to set the ground for a future detailed study.


Objective To develop an HPLC method for determination of five flavonoids (rutin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, prunin, quercetin, and kaempferol) in extract of Lysimachia clethroides. Methods HPLC was performed on a Chromasil C18 analytical column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) at 35 ℃ with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase by gradient elution. The detection wavelengths were 283 and 370 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results Five flavonoids were separated perfectly. The equation linear regressions were rutin Y=14 958 X+179.22 (r=0.999 3), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside Y=12 126 X+3.14 (r=0.999 4), prunin Y=23 821 X+76.81 (r=0.999 4), quercetin Y=35 761 X-20.30 (r=0.999 5), and kaempferol Y=39 078 X+1.81 (r=0.999 1). Linearities of rutin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, prunin, quercetin, and kaempferol were good in ranges of 228.60―1143.00, 99.60―498.00, 232.20―1161.00, 22.08―110.40, and 15.10―75.60 ng, respectively. The average recoveries were 97.8%, 98.9%, 102.4%, 98.4%, and 92.2%, respectively. Conclusion The validated method is simple, accurate, and able to provide the basis for the quality control of flavonols in active fraction of L. clethroides.


Pearl Millet grown on about 30 m ha in semi-arid ecologies of drylands in Asia and Africa is a valuable staple from humans and its stover is an important component of livestock feed in these marginal ecologies.


Cosmetic procedures can improve how patients feel about themselves, but where do you draw the line when it comes to obesity?


A dissertation submitted in part fulfillment for the Degree of Master
of Medicine (M.MEO) in obstetrics and gynecology, University of
Nairobi


A new type rail for a trunk line has been designed. The weight of this rail is 60.8 kg/m. The process of designing this rail and the fish-plate is described. This rail is head free type in cross section.


Sapphire photocurrent is the dominant transient radiation response of CMOS/SOS circuits at high dose rates. Radiation-induced leakage current flowing through this photoresistive path accounts for most of the SOS transistor drain photocurrent observed experimentally. Sapphire photoconduction effects were modeled by incorporating radiation-induced linear photoconductance models in parallel with the channel conductances of the MOS transistors. This approach was used to predict the performance of CMOS/SOS NAND gates at high dose rates. NAND gates designed in accordance with optimum-W geometry rules for sapphire photocurrent compensation are predicted to have symmetrical dose-rate failure thresholds exceeding 1010 rads/sec. Radiation test results from experimental CMOS/SOS NAND gates have demonstrated dose-rate failure thresholds in the range from 2 × 1010 to 1011 rads/sec. The maximum achievable dose-rate failure threshold is approximately inversely proportional to fan-in. Consequently, more-radiation-resistant CMOS/SOS digital integrated circuits can be designed using CMOS/SOS NAND gates having limited fan-in. This design guide is practical, since it presents no serious problem with respect to either die size or circuit complexity.


[Objective] The content of the heavy metals: cadmium,lead,chromium and zinc,in the surface of different types of farmlands Baotou City was tested.[Method] The soil was sampled with the method of "Plum Blossom" and the testing soil included vegetable,potato,corn and other lands [Results] The result was that the maximum of single pollution index in the testing area was 0.37 and the maximum of comprehensive pollution index was 0.30,which showed the environmental quality of farmland on the heavy metal pollution from cadmium,lead,chromium and zinc belonged to the clean level and there was not security risks in crop-planting such as wheat,corn and other grain food crops and vegetables.[Conclusion] The study was benefit to the construction of pollution-free agricultural products base in Baotou City and the evaluation of potential impact of heavy metal contamination,the agricultural land resources and environmental quality.


ObjectiveTo compare the effect of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on pulmonary function in post-thoracotomy patients.Methods33 ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ patients undergoing selective esophagectomy were randomly divided into the PCEA group (n=16, treated with morphine plus bupivacaine) and PCIA group (n=17, treated with morphine plus droperidol) for 3 days postoperatively. Pulmonary function indices including respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (Vt), vital capacity (Vc) and pulse oximetry (SpO_2) were recorded before operation and on the first 2 days after operation. Pain scores with visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest, deep breathing and with cough, and adverse effects were also recorded.ResultsRR increased, Vt , Vc and SpO_2 decreased markedly in both groups postoperatively compared with the base line ( P0.01), but there were no significant differences between two groups. VAS scores were much lower in PCEA group, especially, when the patient was at deep breathing or during coughing ( P0.001).ConclusionPCEA is superior to PCIA in pain relief, but contributes no more than PCIA in improving pulmonary function in post-thoracotomy patients.


In this Paper we present the hierarchical designs methodologies for integrated Circuits (IC) for a Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) using free CAD tools Alliance. Alliance allow us to capture our digital designs through a hardware description language VHDL. Unlike the small digital systems which complete description can be included in a single VHDL file, the ICs designs for a medium and large size (e.g. VLSI) can only done by using a hierarchical design methodologie. In the hierarchical methodologies, the complete system is divided into different modules. After that a behavioral description VHDL is made for each of the modules of lower hierarchical level along with partial synthesis. With the partial synthesis we obtain some performance metrics for each module (initially describe in VHDL-behavioral) and verify the Functionality is one required. The modules of higher hierarchical levels are described in structural VHDL instantiating modules previously described. In this paper we describe two variants of hierarchical design, which have been used successfully at the University of Guadalajara, Campus CUCEI, in designing 2-IC (integrated circuits) sent to The MOSIS Service for manufacturing.


Background: Appendicitis remains a common indication for urgent surgical intervention in pediatric age group. Acute appendicitis has the highest incidence during the second decade of life. When the diagnosis is performed, perforation could be already present in 30%-75% of children, with young children being at higher risk. The challenge for the practitioner is to perform a timely diagnosis of acute appendicitis in first years of life before complications occur.Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted with sample size of 108. The patients diagnosed and operated for acute appendicitis using Alvarado score were correlated with intra operative findings.Results: Total 108 patients with median age of 11 (IQR 9–13) years, were included in the study in which 66% were male. Overall 18% (95% CI 11%-25%) had perforated appendix and 5% (95% CI 2%-11%) had appendicitis with abscess. Male gender, patients presenting with fever, guarding, rigidity and patients presenting 48 hours after developing symptoms, had higher chance of perforation. Mean count of WBC (17000 v/s 11000) and neutrophils (75% v/s 68%) were found to be higher in patients with perforated appendicitis.Conclusions: One-fifth of the pediatric appendicitis patients presenting in tertiary care patients had perforated appendicitis.


Through imrestigating it shows that problems in higher professional student's interpersonal relationship are serious. The article analyses the type of ill relationship and its psychological barrier and comes up with some suggestion on how to set up cordial relationship.


Abstract. A five‐bag system was developed and tested. It allows to wash red blood cells three times under sterile conditions starting from whole blood and to store them by addition of a PDG preservation solution at 4°C for 2 weeks. In vitro and in vivo tests were performed. The system may be used also to wash and preserve prefrozen red blood cells.


Different agricultural management systems affect some soil characteristics such as organic matter content, pH, CEC, structure, texture and trace metal concentrations. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of different soil management systems: orchard (Al), polyculture (A2), monoculture (A3) and native ecosystems (A4) on some soil properties and the concentrations of trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn). The comparisons between management systems showed that organic matter content (OM) was notably higher at Al site (1.84%). On the other hand, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and clay contents were greater at A2 site (35 cmol kg -1 , 56%) while A3 site contained elevated levels of sand (29%) and CaCO 3 (21%) due to variable soil surface erosion at different land use. The trace metal contents (Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) were higher at Al and A2 sites, but A3 and A4 sites showed a gradual decrease. The higher Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents in Al and A2 sites could be attributed to variable rates of fertilizer and pesticides applications and limited surface erosion.


A left-digit effect (LDE) is said to occur when a change in the left-most digit of a value (e.g., when $4.00 drops to $2.99 versus when it drops from $4.01 to $3.00) significantly increases consumer judgments of the price difference. Thomas and Morwitz (2005) showed that it was the change in the left-digit, rather than the one-cent drop, that affects these perceptions. This effect has domain invariance, meaning the left-digit effect manifests not only in prices, but also in other types of nine-ending numbers (Thomas & Morwitz, 2005). The finding has important implications for pricing practices. The present study examined whether individual differences in numeracy or affective information based on brand preference influence the left-digit effect. Peters et al. (2006) defined numeracy as the ability to use and understand basic probability and mathematical concepts. People range widely in their ability to use numbers, and the highly numerate encode numeracy and non-numeric information differently than the less numerate when making decisions. We predict that numeracy ability along with brand preference can help negate the left-digit effect and lead to better magnitude perceptions. Using a modification of the experimental paradigm from Thomas and Morwitz, we showed participants two 12-packs of soda that either have a brand name (Coke and Pepsi) or are generic (the control condition). Subsequently, subjects stated their preference between the sodas (e.g., ranging from strongly prefer Coke to strongly prefer Pepsi in the experimental condition). Subjects then took an eight-question math test to assess their numeracy ability (Weller et al., 2012). Results indicated that overall more numerate individuals paradoxically showed larger LDEs. Participants did not show significantly larger LDEs when brand names were used versus when they were not. Numeracy, Brand Preference and The Left-Digit Effect 3 The Effects of Numeracy and Brand Preference on the Left Digit Effect


Objective To study the relationship between TGF-βsignaling pathway and pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma.Methods The expression of TGF-βRⅠ,TGF-βRⅡand Smad4 protein was deter- mined by immunohistochemistry in normal gastric mucosa(26 cases),intestinal metaplasia(22 cases),dysplasia (20 cases)and gastric carcinoma(43 cases).Results The positive expression rate of TGF-βRⅠ,TGF-βRⅡand Smad4 decreased following the malignant degree in gastric tissues(P0.01).The expression of TGF-βRⅠin gastric carcinoma was not correlated with differentiation,infiltrative deepness and lymph node metastasis. The expression level of TGF-βRⅡand Smad4 in well differentiated carcinoma was higher than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma(P0.05).Also,the decreased expression of TGF-βRⅡand Smad4 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and infiltrative deepness(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion TGF-βsig- naling pathway is close correlated with pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma.The gastric carcinoma cell may es- cape the growth inhibitory effect of TGF-βbecause of loss expression of TGF-βreceptor.


Concerning the ship course control system with the uncertain parameter variations and the input disturbances,and by comparing the advantages of the algorithm of grey PID control and the disadvantages of the algorithm of traditional PID type,the grey PID control autopilot for ships has been presented based on the model of GM(0,2) with regarding Nomoto's equation as the normal equation.The simulation research has implemented on the platform of the VC++.NET,and shows that the grey PID control autopilot can control the course effectively.


In this text,some opinions of the pressure p in van der Waals equation of quasi-real gas state were given,at the same time,some interpretation shortcomings to this question in many popular teaching books were pointed out.


Behavioral researchers spend considerable amount of time coding video data to systematically extract meaning from subtle human actions and emotions. In this paper, we present Glance, a tool that allows researchers to rapidly query, sample, and analyze large video datasets for behavioral events that are hard to detect automatically. Glance takes advantage of the parallelism available in paid online crowds to interpret natural language queries and then aggregates responses in a summary view of the video data. Glance provides analysts with rapid responses when initially exploring a dataset, and reliable codings when refining an analysis. Our experiments show that Glance can code nearly 50 minutes of video in 5 minutes by recruiting over 60 workers simultaneously, and can get initial feedback to analysts in under 10 seconds for most clips. We present and compare new methods for accurately aggregating the input of multiple workers marking the spans of events in video data, and for measuring the quality of their coding in real-time before a baseline is established by measuring the variance between workers. Glance's rapid responses to natural language queries, feedback regarding question ambiguity and anomalies in the data, and ability to build on prior context in followup queries allow users to have a conversation-like interaction with their data - opening up new possibilities for naturally exploring video data.


This paper is a stylistic study of the autobiographical imagination in Wole Soyinka's Ake, the Years of Childhood ( Ake ) and The Man Died ( TMD ) especially in the way in which these works provide the linguistic and literary sources for a good deal of the author's fictional writing as well as social activism. The study proceeds from the theoretical postulations of Olney, Abrams and Harpham, and Maduakor on the literary artistry in the autobiographical imagination and style, as well as Halliday's theories of context of situation and scale and category for the analysis of lexical and grammatical items. It undertakes a stylistic appraisal of the major aesthetic qualities of the two texts at the levels of lexis and grammar, and demonstrates the linguistic, literary and socially redemptive parallels between these autobiographies and his fictional works. The paper concludes that the sheer melodrama inherent in Soyinka's autobiographical prose underscores the contention that real life drama is the primary source for a writer's literary style, and that life itself is stranger than fiction.


The reasons of GHG(Greenhouse Gas)emissions produced in coatings industry were analyzed.The existing advantages and disadvantages of low VOC coatings were introduced.It pointed out that high performance energy saving coatings should be developed in order to contribute to energy saving and emission reduction.


Plants continue to be the source of all wealth. Living beings of the planet are blessed with a large number of plant with medical values, According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 4 billion people, accounting roughly, 66.6 percent of the world's population use the medicinal plants as curative agents. Though the plants serve humans to maintain their well being the investigation of the medicinal values of herbs to combat various ailments became obligatory. Hence, there is an urgent need for constant screening of herbal drugs for better and effective utilization. Diabetes medically known as Diabetic Mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by high blood sugar level over a prolonged period. It accounts for 42% of deaths in India. The enzyme α-amylase and α-glucosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch and sugar plays a vital role in the metabolic disorder, Diabetic Mellitus. Costus pictus and Costus speciosus exhibits antidiabetic activity. The present work is carried out to analyse the effect of inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes by Costus pictus and Costus speciosus. Costus pictus leaf and rhizome extract showed inhibitory activity against both the enzymes. Similar such results were also observed in the leaf and rhizome of Costus speciosus.


The advocates of modern western democracy promote the viewpoint that the class division of the society is becoming outdated. We attempt to disprove this statement with an example of 28 German parties who participated in the 2013 federal election. The official party positions on 38 policy issues are considered and the parties are identified with vectors of this 38-dimensional policy space. The statement in question, that there is no predominant political axis, would imply that the party vectors are scattered homogeneously, making a ball-shaped cloud of 'observations'. However, the Prime Component Analysis (PCA) shows that the party vectors constitute a thin ellipsoid whose two longest diameters cover 83.4% of the total variance. The consequent party ordering is the left-right axis rolled in a circumference, making the far-left and far-right ends meet. Basing on this empirical evidence, we conclude that neither the left-right characterization of parties nor the class opposition is outdated. Next, it is shown that the electoral success is highly correlated with the number of party members, but not with the party's capacity to represent public opinion. For this purpose, a representativeness index is defined which measures how well the party policy profiles match with the results of 36 public opinion polls on 36 out of the 38 policy issues mentioned. To reveal representativeness trends, the parties are ordered contiguously, with neighboring parties having close policy profiles. This contiguous ordering is found with four optimization methods: (1) dimensionality reduction by means of PCA, (2) traveling salesman problem to construct the shortest chain of proximate parties, (3) least squares to minimize the distances between parties with close profiles, and (4) largest squares to maximize the distances between parties with opposite profiles. The most salient trend is observed for the circular left-right party ordering found with the PCA. The best representatives of public opinion are the moderate left, next come the far-left and the far-right, and the least representative are moderate right (conservative) parties. All of these imply the following warning. Since the collapse of communism damaged significantly the image of the left, their election today looks hardly probable, but the power can be taken by the next-representative far-right parties who already represent public opinion better than the currently governing conservative party.


Sophorolipid (SL) is a biosurfactant belonging to the glycolipids group and was produced by harmless Candida bombicola ACTT22214 and has been widely used in many fields in our life. In order to search for appropriate condition for C. bombicola fermentation producing SL with high efficiency, this study focused on the investigation of the soy oil concentration, molasses concentration, fermentation time, pH and temperature. SL products were tested for antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, emulsifier, foaming ability. The highest content of SL was 43.27 ± 0.30 g/L under conditions of: soybean oil content 5%, molasses content 150 g/L, fermentation time 7 days, pH = 5, 28oC fermentation temperature. The antibacterial activity of SL was good: the highest resistance to Candida albicans (16.33 ± 1.15 mm), good resistance to Bacillus spizizenii (13.67 ± 0.58 mm), resistance to Staphylococcus aureus (12.67 ± 1.15 mm), relatively weak resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.33 ± 0.58 mm) and Escherichia coli (9.67 ± 0.58 mm). The antioxidant capacity of SL was quite high with an IC50 value of 6.024 mg/mL. The emulsifying capacity of SL was equivalent to the emulsification of the tween 20 at a concentration of 5 - 10 mg/mL. SL had the ability to foam evenly from concentrations of 5 to 20 mg/mL but not higher than the corresponding concentrations of tween 20, SL was smooth, even, stable longer than tween 20


Aims and Method To capture psychiatrists' reasons for '
significant impaired decision-making ability' (SIDMA) as there is
no definition of SIDMA in the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland)
Act 2003. One hundred consecutive mental health reports from January to
February 2008 were examined using a questionnaire. Results More than half the mental health reports noted lack of
insight as the main cause of SIDMA. Other reasons for SIDMA included limited
cognitive function and presence of psychotic symptoms. Clinical implications Five reasons for SIDMA were identified: lack
of insight, cognitive impairment, presence of psychosis, severe depressive
symptoms and learning disability. We recommend psychiatrists working in
Scotland give full descriptions of SIDMA, indicating how this has an impact on
the patient's ability to make decisions.


The study reports on research carried out at the five major technical higher institutions in Romania. It views the human values students bring with them to the educational setting as rhizomatic lines, in the Deleuzian sense, and aims at identifying the intensity of each value, respectively, at grasping the correlations between the students' values and their projection concerning postgraduation life, including nomadic (i.e., migration) intentions. Such an approach is novel in educational research. The 1782 valid responses collected after applying an online questionnaire were subjected to multivariate statistical analyses. The results unfold the research stages, from intensity-identification concerning the 18 values included in the questionnaire to the factor extraction and correlation findings that highlight strata beneath the upper layer of responses. The values boil down to three nodes of the rhizome, anchoring the Romanian engineers-to-be in the present setting and allowing them to grow in a sustainable manner, i.e., to become professionals, socially accepted, and belonging to a group. The findings are useful to professors, who need to constantly check their assumptions about the profile of the young generation, to better ground their partnership relation with students in moral realities that are relevant and help learners face disruption, crisis, incertitude.


Durability of concrete is the main factor to influence the service performance and lifespan of steel concrete.In terms of the engineering fabric built in mal-condition such as alongshore and underground etc,we must take the durability index of concrete into consideration while carrying out mix design and construction.Based on the support project,the paper analyzed the constituents of durability concrete,optimized the qualification of every constituent,put forward multi-target-control based mix design principle and method of durability concrete,which meets the requirements of every specification through the verification done by support project.


S. macrocarpon is a vegetable produced by nearly of 95 % of growers in Benin. Although the consumption of this vegetable is such important in this country, there are no data on its hygienic properties. This study aims to propose a technique for producing vegetable with improved health quality, based on anaerobic biodigestion of poultry manure. A method of vegetable's production based on anaerobic digestion of poultry manure was proposed and evaluated. The study showed that levels of bacteria decreased in the compost, with values from 6.5.106 CFU/g to 3.4.104 CFU/g for fecal coliforms and from 3.5.105 CFU/g to 5.4.103 CFU/g for Enterococcus. Lead complexed by chemical reactions was reduced with an amount from 2.39 mg/kg to 0.204 mg/kg. The amendante value of these chickens manure was improved by increasing phosphorus with a value from 9.96 % to 16.40 % and the reduction of total nitrogen from 18900 mg/kg to 13096.33 mg/kg. The data from this study allow to consider a large-scale production of S. macrocarpon with improved hygienic quality.


While recent research explores the determinants of homophobia among college students, only a few studies look at the perceptions of homosexuals among social work students. Unfortunately these rare studies generally present a modest list of predictor variables or small sample sizes. To address this gap, this research explores the ways in which undergraduate social work students (N=748) from 12 colleges feel about homosexuality. In doing so, the work initially delineates the extent to which future social workers feel comfortable being around gay and lesbian persons. The work then explores the impact of specific social statuses, educational processes, and ideological beliefs. In the end, the role of homosexual peers is emphasized, as are the effects of familial attitudes, the perceived cause of homosexuality, conservative religious maxims, traditional gender role beliefs, and anxieties over AIDS.


The wave function of a dilute hard sphere Bose gas at low temperatures is revisited. Errors in an early 1957 paper are corrected. The pair distribution function is calculated for two values of .


Computed medical imaging systems require a computational reconstruction procedure for image formation. In order to recover a useful estimate of the object to-be-imaged when the recorded measurements are incomplete, prior knowledge about the nature of object must be utilized. In order to improve the conditioning of an ill-posed imaging inverse problem, deep learning approaches are being actively investigated for better representing object priors and constraints. This work proposes to use a style-based generative adversarial network (StyleGAN) to constrain an image reconstruction problem in the case where additional information in the form of a prior image of the sought-after object is available. An optimization problem is formulated in the intermediate latent-space of a StyleGAN, that is disentangled with respect to meaningful image attributes or "styles", such as the contrast used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Discrepancy between the sought-after and prior images is measured in the disentangled latent-space, and is used to regularize the inverse problem in the form of constraints on specific styles of the disentangled latent-space. A stylized numerical study inspired by MR imaging is designed, where the sought-after and the prior image are structurally similar, but belong to different contrast mechanisms. The presented numerical studies demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach as compared to classical approaches in the form of traditional metrics.


With reference to the articles by Gardell and Herbst in this issue I would like to make a few points about the foremen and supervisors in industry and to illustrate these with a brief case. The foremen as a group of employees have attracted quite some pity from social scientists, "the group in-between", "the masters and victims of double-talk", etc., are phrases characterizing this concern for their fate. However, there are few studies which go beyond this type of generalization, and from Scandinavia they are almost non-existent. Dubin & al. (1965) analyze the different factors and trends determining and changing the situation also for the formen in the U.S., while Jangard (1973) specifically studies the effects upon the role of the foreman from introducing a computer based scheduling system in a Norwegian light engineering plant. There seems to be quite some agreement, though, that the foreman is being pushed by new technology, new management experts, higher degree of specialization in the organizations, workers' unions, and new control systems from his traditionally (pre-war) powerful position (hiring and firing, planning and directing the work, disstributing sanctions) towards playing a marginal role as a communication link between management and workers, or as a "service-man" for the workers only. If we accept Thorsrud's (1969) argument, which certainly is not only held by him, that this development has become very rapid, particularly for technology and control systems, then we would expect the same generation of foremen to experience a drastic impoverishment of their jobs. Thorsrud, however, believes that constructive alternatives may be found so that the foremen are brought along into new roles as "boundary regulators" between autonomous units in production, managers and staff experts.l This should require a long term sociotechnical strategy with extensive changes also in the organization above the shop floor, which in fact has been an integral part of the Norwegian Industrial Democracy Programme.2 (IDP) Thus the introduction of autonomous work groups3 should not add to the occupational hazards of the poor foremen, but give them a chance of getting out of a situation where all change is for the worse, and stability is the least evil option.4 I This should involve independent activities like data processing, planning, training of workers etc., so that the job should involve far more than merely communicating.


Gelatin-based polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were prepared (using a casting process) by mixing aqueous solutions of gelatin and PVA in different ratios. Monomer 1, 4-butanediol diacrylate (BDDA) was dissolved in methanol. Films containing 95% gelatin + 5% PVA were soaked in 3% BDDA monomer (w/w). These films were then irradiated under gamma radiation (60Co) at different doses (50–500 krad) at a dose rate of 350 krad/h. The physico-mechanical and thermal properties of these films were evaluated. It was evident that 5% PVA-containing gelatin blend film exhibited the highest tensile strength (TS) value at 50 krad (51 MPa), which was 46% higher than that of non-irradiated blend films. It was also found that incorporation of PVA significantly reduced the TS value of the blend films compared to the raw film, whereas elongation at break (Eb) value was increased. A significant improvement of the blend films was also confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA) when the acrylate group (from BDDA) was introduced into the film.


This study aims to determine the optimum combination of cera alba formulations in the manufacture of lip balm using carrot extracts as natural dyes corresponding to the SNI. The physical properties determined on the basis moisturizing lip wax. The method used is Research and Development. The study begins by macerating botanicals carrots with solvent n-hexane and concentrated by rotary evaporator. Furthermore, the manufacture of lip balms with various additions cera alba concentration which are 9%, 12.9%, and 16.4% and carrot extract concentration are 0.009%, 0.172% and 0.24%. To test the stability of lip balms, homogenity and organoleptic tests were carried out for 20 days at room temperature storage by observing changes in color, smell, and texture, pH test, rub test, and irritation test. The formulated lip balm is expected to be an alternative to be used as a moisturizer that is environmentally friendly and has minimal side effects compared to lipbalm currently on the market.


The driver circuit for improving the switching speed of transistors and reducing the power consumption comprises an over-saturation protection unit (1), a control unit (3) and a switching circuit having first and second switching units (2,4). Controlled current leakage is obtained by the provisions of a switchable current path (N2,N3) and the over-saturation preention is achieved by an arrangement involving leel dropping diodes (D1,D2) and an inverter including a pair of complenmentary MOS transistors (P1,N1) interposed between an input (VIN) and a driver transistor (Q7). The controllable current path (N2,N3) prevents unnecessary current leakage during ON state of associated transistor (Q6,Q8). Charges stored at the base of the main switching transistors are discharged rapidly at turn-off via respective MOS transistors.


In this paper, we study the influence of silica fume on hydration of cement pastes. Samples were prepared using Portland cement partially replaced by silica fume of 0, 4, and 12 mass%. Analyses were performed using TG/DSC in the temperature range from 25 °C to 1000 °C in an argon atmosphere. The amount of C-S-H gels decreases in time with an increasing amount of silica fume, which is in the contrary to the vaterite/calcite content. The portlandite content decreases with an increasing amount of silica fume which provides the pozzolanic activity.In this paper, we study the influence of silica fume on hydration of cement pastes. Samples were prepared using Portland cement partially replaced by silica fume of 0, 4, and 12 mass%. Analyses were performed using TG/DSC in the temperature range from 25 °C to 1000 °C in an argon atmosphere. The amount of C-S-H gels decreases in time with an increasing amount of silica fume, which is in the contrary to the vaterite/calcite content. The portlandite content decreases with an increasing amount of silica fume which provides the pozzolanic activity.


Lamellar Mg(OH)2(MH) crystalline film on the modified polysulfonamide(PSA) fabric surface(MH/PSA) was obtained by secondary crystallization method.By controlling the pH value,MH/PSA sample was coated with Al(OH)3 gel by in situ growth method,after that the composite material of ATH/MH/PSA was collected.Mg and Al contents of both MH/PSA and ATH/MH/PSA samples were evaluated by Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP),their surface morphological was studied with Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM),the measurements and contrast studies of the heat insulation behaviors and anti ultraviolet-infrared radiation properties of both MH/PSA and ATH/MH/PSA samples were conducted.The results indicated that it was feasible to grow two kinds of inorganic fire retardants onto the surface of fabric at the same time without any additives by secondary and in situ growth methods,and it was found that both MH/PSA and ATH/MH/PSA expressed better heat-insulation and anti ultraviolet-infrared radiation properties than original PSA fabric,particularly the ATH/MH/PSA composite material.


This article aims to analyze the state of the art of the Constitutional Claim in the Supreme Federal Court and in the Superior Court of Justice, since each court has an understanding about the appropriateness of such an institute. In this sense, it was found that the perspective of the Superior Court of Justice, as it does not understand the Complaint's suitability for rediscussing binding provisions, ends up crystallizing the law and implementing a false legal certainty, in addition to preventing the taxation of its decisions. The methodological procedure used was the legal-theoretical one, since the understandings of such courts were critically analyzed from a perspective of democratic procedurality. It was possible to demonstrate that the state of the art of the Constitutional Complaint in Brazil, is like Schrödinger's cat: alive-dead.


The main objective of the paper is to investigate how to allocate the available budget for agri-environmental measures to effectively meet objectives of environmental protection in rural areas. Using a Linear Programming (LP) approach we analyse how far conflicts between environmental objectives influence financing scenarios. The analysis is based on an explorative case study conducted in the region Subcarpathia in Poland and on interviews with agricultural experts. The results show that the budget allocation is considerably dependent on weighting environmental objectives, and visible conflicts between the objectives exist. The findings can be helpful in political decision-making processes to improve objective-oriented planning and financing of agri-environmental measures. Since Poland accessed the European Union (EU) in May 2004 the agri-environmental programmes are obligatory for a policy of rural areas. Due to the short membership in the EU little experience with financing the agri-environmental policy and especially the financing of agri-environmental programmes is given. The decisions on how to create agri-environmental programmes are, basically, made centrally by the Ministry for Agriculture and Rural Development in Warsaw while regional actors have no decision authorities. As natural conditions in the voivodships (administrative regional units) in Poland are differentiated, different environmental priorities are given. In this paper we discuss possible financing scenarios for agri-environmental measures and conflicts between environmental objectives from a regional perspective basing on results of a case study in the voivodship Subcarpathia in South-eastern Poland. Within the case study, regional actors in the voivodship were interviewed in order to assess regional preferences for environmental objectives defined in the National Agri-Environmental Programme. Using a Hierarchical Additive Weighting Method - Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) according to Saaty (Saaty, 1990; Saaty and Kearns, 1985; Saaty and Vargas, 1991; Ziolkowska, 2007) the results were evaluated and objective coefficients were estimated. These coefficients were further used in the Linear Programming (LP) approach according to Kirschke and Jechlitschka (2002) to analyse effective and objective-oriented budget allocation. As the voivodship Subcarpathia is characterised by a high value of natural resources, and agriculture is one of the most important sectors in the region, it is worth analysing the budget allocation with regard to the objectives of environmental protection in this region. The paper is structured as follows. The next chapter provides an overview about the development of the agri-environmental policy in Poland since 1990 and the experience with agri-environmental programmes after the accession to the EU. Following, the research region - voivodship Subcarpathia - is characterised. Next, a Linear Programming approach is used to calculate budget allocation scenarios with respect to regional preferences with regard to environmental objectives as well as to estimate conflicts between the objectives. Finally, conclusions on the importance of the analysed problem for political decision-making in rural areas are drawn.


Abstract- This study is a corpus-based lexical study that aims to explore the most frequently-used academic words in the abstract section of RAs in applied linguistics. The corpus consists of 2000 abstracts from ten scientific and prestigious journals, namely, applied linguistics, language learning, ELT journal, journal of pragmatics, system, journal of English for Specific Purposes, journal of English for Academic Purposes, studies in second language acquisition, TESOL Quarterly, Modern language journal which have been published between years 2000 and 2011. Using frequency and range as the criteria for word form selection, this study identified 600 AWL word forms that are used more than 14 times in the entire corpus and at least 5 times across the ten journals in the corpus. Results show that AWL words account for 15.35% of the entire corpus. Some of the AWL word forms in this study overlapped with word families included in Coxhead's AWL.


Some possible kinds of disorder in the packing of chains of syndiotactic polypropylene, compatible with the maintenance of crystalline long-range order, are discussed and the corresponding models are described. The diffraction intensities at appropriate points or lines of the reciprocal lattice are calculated for the various models; experimental observations of the intensity lowering of some reflections and the appearance of haloes are explained with the models in a semiquantitative way. The possible connection of some kinds of disorder with the presence of configurational defects along the chains is discussed


On behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations Data taken in 201 1 with the ATLAS and CMS detectors at the LHC have been used to search for resonances. Results are presented based on up to 5 fb-1 of v'(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions in final states which include dileptons, diphotons, dijets, jets+photons, dibosons, MET +charged lepton and tf. No evidence of new physics is seen, but limits have been placed on various benchmark models.


SUMMARY

Feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana, cvs Apollo and Gemini) fruits were removed from the tree and grouped into treatments according to retention force (RF) at harvest. Fruits with greater RF at harvest had higher titratable acidity and flesh firmness, lower soluble solids content and less locule clarity at harvest than fruits with lower RF. After 4 wk storage at 4 °C and 5 days shelflife at 20 °C titratable acidity, soluble solids and firmness in these fruits were similar across RF grades except that after shelflife the incidence of flesh and locule browning was greater in fruits harvested with low RF when compared with fruits picked with greater force. At harvest the total sugar and organic acids, and the sugar: acid ratio were similar irrespective of RF, whereas after storage and shelflife no consistent effect of RF existed.

Taste panellists could not detect differences in the eating appeal of fruit harvested with high or with low retention force after storage and shelflife. Soluble solids, acidity and flesh firmness declined markedly over storage and shelflife irrespective of retention force at harvest and although these fruits were still acceptable for eating, they no longer had the characteristic flavour and texture of unstored feijoas.


Winston Churchill's ringing declaration, "I have not become the King's First Minister in order to preside over the liquidation of the British Empire," has done much to condition American opinion concerning British Imperialism. How, many ask, can this challenge be reconciled with the principle laid down in the Atlantic Charter, "They respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live...." The resurgence of nationalism in India and Burma, the chronic difficulties in Palestine, and the activities of British troops in Java have convinced many Americans that the high ideals expressed in the dark days of 1941 were empty rhetoric devoid of any real meaning. In my judgment, such an unfavorable opinion concerning the recent trends of British Imperialism is not justified by the real facts of the case. As everyone knows, the press plays up the spectacular and the sensational. The strafing of an Indonesian village by the RAF is news. The unfortunate situation in Palestine makes headlines all over the world. But the recent grant of a new constitution in Ceylon establishing full responsible government attracts little if any attention. Great changes are under way within the framework of the British Empire which go far toward providing implementation of the principles enunciated in the Atlantic Charter. Complete self-government in India has been promised; Burma and Malaya may soon occupy the same position; complete independence has been assured in Transjordania while the recent modification of the Egyptian Constitution affords further evidence of the changing character of British Imperialism. The American public has followed with keen interest developments in the troubled areas in the Near and Middle


The higher education sector in the UK has witnessed major changes in recent times, including the expansion of private HE provision. Education has a special place in a society, and it plays a major role; it creates productive workforce, offers social mobility and contributes to the economic growth and prosperity of a nation. Therefore, the decision to open-up the higher education market to private providers has met with public debate and scrutiny. This article examines the existence, growth and the approaches adopted by the successive governments since 2010 to organise private provision in the UK higher education.


The fauna of Neolithic Lameiras includes abundant sheep. Many could be secure- ly identified by applying criteria described by the late Joachim Boessneck as well as metrical methods. Sheep bones from Early Neolithic contexts, several dated directly via 14C, pinpoint the arrival here, 5450 cal BC, of this exotic animal three thousand years after its domestication 5000 km to the east. Thus sheep were transported at a rate of 1,6 km per year – considerably faster than suggested by the 'wave of advance' theory. It therefore seems probable that part of the journey was undertaken by ship. Most of the mammal remains identified at Lameiras belonged to domes- ticated forms and besides sheep and some goat, they include cattle and pig. Zooarchaeologically there is little difference between Early and Late Neolithic. However the Neolithic spectrum of species contrasts with that from a small assemblage in the underlying Mousterian level as well as other pre-Neolithic assemblages in Portugal. It is possible that in southern Portugal the adop- tion of animal husbandry was sudden. Measurements of the remains of Canis, Bos, Ovis, Capra and Sus compared with an increasingly large corpus of data from the South-Western part of the Iberian Peninsula indicate several occasions when these animals underwent size changes. Bos, Capra and Canis were considerably larger in the Pleistocene – a size difference now documented in other regions. Besides a Pleistocene-Holocene reduction in size, they underwent a further dim- inution associated with their domestication. It is possible that aurochs and wild boar recovered some of their former size after the Neolithic, perhaps due to a relaxation of hunting pressure after the Mesolithic. Domestic sheep, goats and cattle increased in size in more recent times perhaps reflecting Moslem and Christian improvements.


Abstract : The physical conditioning (PC) program in Air Force Basic Military Training (BMT) was changed in 1995 from a "one size fits all" approach of running in formation and group calisthenics to an individually tailored physical regimen designed to encourage long-term participation in exercise and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Prior to the implementation of the new PC program, a study was conducted to compare fitness levels, injury rates, and motivation to exercise among 2,547 male recruits and 701 female recruits randomly assigned to the old and new PC programs. The study showed that female recruits in the new PC program posted greater reductions in their 2-mile run times than those in the old PC program. Differences between the two PC program were most pronounced among those who were able to meet Air Force run-time standards at the start of BMT. Despite more rigorous training in the new PC program, the injury rates between the two PC programs were not significantly different. The new PC program did not significantly affect attrition rates among female participants. Instead, the study found that female recruits who began BMT with a positive attitude toward exercise and who exercised regularly prior to the start of BMT graduated at significantly higher rates than those who were unmotivated and unprepared.


In this paper we discuss the influence of the unique local
environment and culture on students and teaching styles in the IT degree at James Cook University Cairns Campus. In this degree program games are used to motivate self-directed study and increase student engagement in first and second year programming subjects, and also to generate interest in learning new technologies such as programming for mobile devices. We discuss the use of a mixed reality location based game to improve attitude to teamwork by integrating students in a games subject
and a general IT software engineering subject. Students learn the value of community engagement through links to a local primary school for design and evaluation of games, to ensure a balanced approach to user requirements, game design and implementation. Students have explored niche applications of games through the development of a game for children with disabilities.


Lam, C.W.H., G. Kolesova and L. Thiel, A computer search for iinite projective planes of order 9, Discrete Mathematics 92 (1991) 187-195. There are four known finite projective planes of order 9. This paper reports the result of a computer search which shows that this list is complete. The computer search starts by generating all 283,657 non-isomorphic latin squares of order 8. Each latin square gives 27 columns of the incidence matrix. Another program attempts to complete each of these incidence matrices to 40 columns. Only 21 of them can be so completed, giving rise to 326 matrices of 40 columns. A third computer program attempts to complete the rest of the matrices. One of the 326 does not complete. The rest complete each to a unique matrix. An isomorphism testing program is then applied to the 325 complete matrices, creating a certificate for each matrix, as well as its collineation group. The certificates are then compared with the known planes and no new ones found. As a fmther evidence of the correctness of the computer programs, this paper also shows that the computer results are consistent with those expected by using information about the known planes and their associated iatin squares.


Dr James Connor from the School of Business, University of New South Wales, Canberra discusses the challenges of defining, controlling and enforcing doping practices and rules, and encourages those in the elite sports field to have their voices heard so doping policies can be influenced.


The paper compares the structural parameters and amount of modes between multimode fiber and polymer optical fiber,then analyses that a large amount of modal dispersion seriously limits the bandwidth of the fiber. A new multiplexing technique for polymer optical fiber is proposed,which is based on the principle that selective excitation can effectively decrease the modal dispersion and increase the bandwidth.