The TikTok application has many users, one of which is in Indonesia. Users consist of various groups, including students. Many students have accounts and are active in using the TikTok application. The use of the TikTok application by students has various impacts on student behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the use of TikTok on the religious behavior of students at the State University of Raden Mas Said Surakarta. The method used in this study is a qualitative method while the data obtained from interviews, observations and observations. The use of the TikTok application by UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta students has a positive and negative impact. The positive impact is when students watch content of knowledge, education, and da'wah. While the negative impact that occurs is the behavior of delaying prayer. The majority of students access the TikTok application only to get entertainment from the content presented.
Keywords: Impact; Religious Behavior; TikTok


Macroeconomic models are effective tools for central banks in economic projection, including risk assessment. In recent years, a multiple-model approach called the "Suite of Models" has become popular with central banks. This approach advocates the use of multiple models for several purposes, including checks of the robustness of projections. This idea has encouraged major central banks to use different types of models. These include hybrid-type models, which pursue short-run empirical coherence and long-run theoretical consistency, and Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models, which place greater emphasis on theory. At the Bank of Japan, a new hybrid-type model named Q-JEM (Quarterly-Japanese Economic Model) has been recently added to the Bank's suite of models. A suite of models is useful for forecasting and for policy analysis. The use of models, however, requires sufficient understanding on the properties and limitations of each model.


This paper is about aerostats powered by c-Si PV modules (PVMd) used in aerial surveillance or reconnaissance tethered to the ground and bouncing in the air for long periods. PV cells of the modules are prone to be partially or fully shaded during these periods, eventually delivering hot-spot conditions in the shaded cells. Hot-spot (HSt) are prone to bring to shaded cells operation in reverse bias, even dissipating more energy than the delivered energy in normal operation into the cell and damage are to be expect. The modeling for the forward biased (FBs), reverse biased (RBs) and for the thermal estimation of the temperature of the area under HSt is described and used in the simulations. A simulation results comparison for a module with and without shading is offered and discussed.


Acute Cor Pulmonale in Covid-19 Five cases of acute cor pulmonale in patients with Covid-19 are described. Although acute pulmonary thromboembolism was the most likely cause of right ventricular fa...


D uring 2020–2022, a survey of 25 farms of ducklings of various breeds (Pekini and Muscovy), that ranged from one day up to a month of age suffering from various symptoms and mortality rates varied from 10 to 35 % revealed isolation of Klebsiella pneumonae 36 % whereas the prevalence of E coli, Staph aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium were 32%, 28% and 16% respectively. Following PCR confirmation of Klebsiella pneumonae, the presence of the its virulence genes were sur-veyed and results showed that uge (44%) and rmpA (22%), as well as an antimicrobial susceptibility profile , which revealed 100% resistant to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and Penicillin G followed by77 % toward tetracycline, 22% toward streptomycin . Contrarily, they were extremely sensitive to ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, as well as 77% to cefotaxime and 66% to gentamycin. The surveillance of class 1 integron ( intl1) and genes of antimicrobial resistance demonstrated that (66%) of isolates harbor Int1,whereas only 33% of the isolates involved blaSHV, they all had the tetA and blaTEM genes. Salmonella and E. coli isolates were serotyped, and it was discovered that the E. coli isolates belonged to six different O-serogroups, including O55:H7, O148:K25, O86: K61, O114:H21, O26:H11 and O127:H6


Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy was used to chemically image RuO(2) nano-layer coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (RuO(2)/MWCNT) with a spatial resolution of 30 nm. X-Ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy of individual RuO(2)/MWCNTs has been compared with that of MWCNTs and RuO(2) which confirms that RuO(2) interacts with MWCNTs through charge redistribution.


Among all the nanoparticles synthesized; silver nanoparticles have attained special place in the area of nano technology because of their antimicrobial, nontoxic, environmentally safe and biomedical applications. In general; their syntheses involves the use of hazardous chemicals or costly physical methods. However, the biological processes are making their ways in between and proving their advantages over them. The use of plants and their extracts is one of the most valuable methods which are gaining concerns due to their imperative biological benefits. Plants are not only beautiful but majestic because they are rich sources of various medicinally important substances. They explore the huge diversity which can be utilized towards rapid and single step protocol preparatory method for various nanoparticles keeping intact "the green principles" over the conventional ones and proving their dominance for medicinal importance. Here, in the presented work "one pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles" is described. Therefore; a simple, cost effective bio-reduction on the principle of "green synthesis" of silver nanoparticles using the Alchemilla vulgaris plant extract is reported. The beauty of the synthesis is: no involvement of any surfactant, catalyst or template. The aqueous silver ions are reduced to silver nanoparticles when exposed to plant extract. The bio-reduction and stabilization of so formed silver nanoparticles was monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, particle size and zeta potential.


AbstractThe relative roles of advective processes and mixing on the temporal adjustment of the meridional overturning circulation are examined, in particular the effects of mixing in either the abyssal or upper ocean. Laboratory experiments with convectively driven overturning and imposed stirring rates show that the circulation adjusts toward an equilibrium state on time scales governed by mixing in the upper boundary layer region but independent of the mixing rate in the bulk of the interior. The equilibrium state of the stratification is dependent only on the rate of mixing in the boundary layer. An idealized high-resolution ocean model shows adjustment (of a two-cell circulation) dominated primarily by the advective ventilation time scale, consistent with a view of the circulation determined by water mass transformation occurring primarily near the surface. Both the experiments and the model results indicate that adjustments of the circulation are controlled by surface buoyancy uptake (or rejection) a...


In this relatively small volume of articles, Guze and colleagues have managed to bring together a remarkable breadth and depth of current thinking and research in child psychiatry, with provocative articles by many of the outstanding contributors to the contemporary scene. The text benefits from thoughtful organization and a systematic treatment of several areas, some of which have been addressed rather extensively. Examples include Dennis Cantwell's presentation of "Childhood Depression" and others that deal with areas of relatively esoteric interest to child psychiatrists, such as the study by Folstein and co-workers who traced the association between conduct disorder and affective disorders in the children of patients with Huntington's disease. Although the text is divided into five well-balanced segments, ie, epidemiology, diagnosis and classification, treatment, neurobiology, and genetics, the keynote address that defines the relevance of the whole volume is found midway through in an article entitled "Child Psychiatry: Taking Stock,"


The volume addresses a variety of issues on Stance and Inter/Subjectivity, and the expression of Identity in discourse. It focuses on the multifaceted nature of stance, and the use of resources of epistemicity, effectivity, and evaluation and metaphor, as well as other dimensions within the domain of stance, such as mirativity, emotion and attribution. In this way it provides a more in-depth and a wider perspective into the nature of stance. The contributions feature the use of stance resources in several languages, and in various discourse domains and genres, such as oral discourse, political and newspaper discourse, and science popularization and medical research articles, as well as online fora on social issues, mental health and peer support platforms.


A folding box blank forming a carton which can be carried from the top with one hand. A one-part, rectangular punched blank forms, due to the nature of the fold in the top wall, a reliable carrying opening having a plurality of superimposed layers. As a result of the adhesive seal construction, it is possible to open and re-close the folding box carrying container without any damage taking place, so that it can be reused for carrying back empty bottles. The folding box carrying container can be stored in the horizontal position on shelves and is therefore particularly suitable for receiving six wine bottles, which can be removed from the folding box carrying container after opening the cover walls. After removing the bottles, the horizontal folding box carrying container can be folded up into the closed state for dust-proof storage, because the cover walls are held together by the flap in the upper cover wall. When used as a storage box on shelves, the folding box carrying container makes it unnecessary to unpack and repack wine bottles, for example in hotels and restaurants, because when stored in such a space-saving manner, it is possible to remove the individual bottles from the horizontal box. The outer, labelled cover flap wall can be provided with simple means, for example with the price list number, so that there is no need to directly label the bottles in the folding box carrying container.


The population of Iraqi is increasing rapidly. This has increased pressure on water supply and water management. The Kirkuk Governorate and other Governorates of Iraq are facing serious challenges in this regard. The objectives of this study included evaluating the quality of greywater that generated from residential areas in the in Kirkuk Governorate and determining the suitability of reusing it for irrigate plants without treatment. The results show concentrated pH, Ec, TDS, K, Na, Ca, Mg, and SAR (7.3, 1590, 613, 16.5, 57, 79, 19.2, 1.5) respectively were greywater samples is in Iraqi standards ranges but TSS, BOD, COD, Cl, NO3 and PO4 (103, 292, 710, 42, 89, 21.5) respectively were exceeding permissible and standard value. So, it is preferable to use this type of greywater as for irrigate plants and discharge into environment after a primary treatment.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system in which a plurality of independent retrieval servers are loosely coupled, and the servers detect and delete duplicated entries in retrieval result responded from each retrieval server in the same retrieval condition. SOLUTION: An integrated retrieval control unit in a retrieval server 1100 determines hash algorithm commonly used in each retrieval control unit, when receiving an integrated retrieval request. Each retrieval control unit adds a hash value by the hash algorithm to retrieval result and responds to the integrated retrieval control unit. The integrated retrieval control unit detects and deletes duplicated entries based on the hash value. COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&INPIT


This report summarizes the accomplishments during the last four years of the subject grant. Results are presented for experiments in which size-selected model catalysts were studied under surface science and aqueous electrochemical conditions. Strong effects of cluster size were found, and by correlating the size effects with size-dependent physical properties of the samples measured by surface science methods, it was possible to deduce mechanistic insights, such as the factors that control the rate-limiting step in the reactions. Results are presented for CO oxidation, CO binding energetics and geometries, and electronic effects under surface science conditions, and for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction, ethanol oxidation reaction, and for oxidation of carbon by water.


The aim of this study was to detect nutritional risk in the elderly through the MNA-SF and correlate the score with age, body mass index, calf circumference and handgrip strength. A descriptive study with the application of the MNA-SF and anthropometric measurements in 16 non-institutionalized elderly people during a social action in a city in the interior of Northeastern Brazil. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied. Prevalence of women, adequate body mass index and calf circumference. The MNA-SF score also identified individuals with adequate nutritional status and at risk of malnutrition. A positive association was demonstrated between the MNA SF-SF score and all anthropometric measurements, and a negative association with age. Accompanying the elderly through the application of the MNA-SF is an important strategy to reduce their score as a means of preventing or treating malnutrition. This assessment proved to be effective when compared to isolated anthropometric measures.


Palabras clave. Educacion rural, formacion inicial, practica profesional, educacion continua. Abstract. The present article arises from the implementation of the Academic Exchange project between the Division de Educacion Rural (Rural Education School) from Universidad Nacional and other collaborating schools. There are two fundamental actions that are approached; first, the theoretical methodological conception of the professional field practicum of the DER and second, the teaching training to rural teachers in service. From these academic activities, products developed are exposed in the project and some reflections about the academic experience were also exposed as a result of lessons learned during the whole process.


A two-dimensional transient analysis of source-field-plate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) is performed by considering a deep donor and a deep acceptor in a buffer layer, and the results are compared with those in the case of gate-field-plate structures. It is shown that the reduction rate of drain lag obtained by introducing a field plate is quantitatively similar between source- and gate-field-plate structures. However, the gate-lag rate is rather higher in the source-field-plate structure because the electric field at the drain edge of the gate is higher in the off state, and hence electron injection into the buffer layer and the resulting trapping effects are more significant. Hence, current collapse is slightly larger in the source-field-plate structure. It is also shown that an optimum SiN passivation layer thickness is required to minimize buffer-related current collapse in source-field-plate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.


e14526Background: Cetuximab monotherapy is not effective in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) positive cervical cancer patients. NK cells synergize with cetuximab through antibody dependent c...


A woman aged 76 was referred to the on-call surgical team via her general practitioner with a seven-week history of intermittent colicky central abdominal pain that radiated to the back. Over the ten days before admission the pain had increased and was associated with nausea, vomiting and dysphagia to solid food. She was opening her bowels and passing flatus. Systemic enquiry revealed no other symptoms. 7 years earlier she had undergone a lumpectomy and radiotherapy for breast cancer, and one year earlier low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma had been diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy (with subsequent development of Waldenstr6m's IgM macroglobulinaemia). She was also known to have non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. On initial examination she was apyrexial and haemodynamically stable. There was generalized abdominal tenderness but no peritonism. No masses were palpable and bowel sounds were normal. Chest X-ray showed a small left pleural effusion; the abdominal film was normal. All blood tests were within the normal range. She was clinically stable for three days, then developed symptoms of small bowel obstruction. Ultrasound scan revealed multiple loops of dilated small bowel throughout the abdomen, and a small segment of thickened bowvel. Since she did not settle with conservative management she underwent a laparotomy, at which two tight strictures of the small bowel were found, with mesenteric lymphadenopathy. A piece of thin plastic about 3 cm long and 1 cm wide had perforated the small bowel, proximal to the distal stricture. The two strictures wvere resected in continuity and the bowel was anastomosed. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful. On histological examination samples from both strictures showed highgrade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (diffuse large B cell). It was present in the mesenteric lymph nodes, but the intestinal margins were not involved. No breast epithelial cells were seen.


We study the SU(2] WZNW model over a family of elliptic curves. Starting from the formulation developed in [13], we derive a system of differential equations which contains the Knizhmk-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equations [1][9]. Our system completely determines the AT-point functions and is regarded as a natural elliptic analogue of the system obtained in [12] for the projective line. We also calculate the system for the 1-point functions explicitly. This gives a generalization of the results in [7] for si (2, C)-characters.


Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a frequently used nonprescription analgesic with suggested endocrine‐disrupting properties. Epidemiological evidence on the effect of paracetamol on male fecundity is sparse.


Optically active 4-alkyl-γ-butyrolactones and 5-alkyl-δ-valerolactones were obtained in high enantiomeric excesses (85–95% e.e.) from the catalytic asymmetric alkylation of 3- and 4-formylesters with dialkylzincs using N,N-dibutylnorephedrine as catalyst.


RPS26,a component of 40 S small ribosomal subunit encoded by rps26 gene,is specific to eukaryotes.The aim of this study was to explore structure of ribosomal protein S26(rps26) gene of Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and investigate its similarities and differences with other already reported sequences.rps26 cDNA was cloned from Giant Panda using RT-PCR,sequenced and analyzed.The cloned cDNA fragment is 413 bp long,containing an open-reading frame of 348 bp encoding 115 amino acids.Structural analysis revealed a molecular weight of the putative RPS26 protein of 13.0252×103 and a theoretical PI 11.61.Topology prediction shows one N-glycosylation site,one casein kinase II phosphorylation site,one ribosomal protein S26e signature in the protein.Alignment analysis indicates that nucleotide sequence,secondary structure and deduced amino acid sequence showed a high homology with those in Homo sapiens,Bos Taurus,Sus scrofa,Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus.This study provides scientific basis for promulgating Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) gene inheritance characteristic,for formulating gene protection countermeasure.


In this review of leftist, gay documentary film scholar Thomas Waugh's The Right To Play Oneself. Looking Back on Documentary Film, Patricia Aufderheide calls attention to the significance of assembling these essays, some of which were historically significant and many of which played a role in shaping queer film studies, in one volume. She critiques Waugh's unexamined use of the term "committed", and also notes his stature as a leading advocate of socially and politically critical documentary.


Abstract There are increasing demands for more efficient screw compressor design method which could overcome the problems of rotor profile modification and compressor performance test establishment. As a result, non-uniform rational B-spline curves and computational fluid dynamics theory were introduced as a new method of twin-screw compressor rotor profile design. In this paper, unilateral asymmetric combined cycloid with pin gear arc rotor profile was put as the research object to develop a new rotor profile. Non-uniform rational B-spline curves, which are easy to be modified, are applied to the new rotor profile design. The twin-screw compressor flow field simulation models of both the new and the original one are created. The pressure and velocity distribution law of the twin-screw compressor under the operating speed are explored with the FLUENT software. The simulation results provide the basis for further optimisation of the new rotor profile design.


This paper describes how models from different simulation tools can be connected and simulated on different processors by using the Functional Mockup Interface (FMI) and the transmission line eleme ...


As robot technology is progressing quickly and robots are becoming more sophisticated both in terms of their appearance as well as in terms of their capabilities, it is time to reflect on the special role of robots among other artifacts. Specifically, we argue that embodiment and autonomy are distinguishing features that will cause humans to treat robots different from computers or cars. In this paper, we reflect on some of the ethical implications of designing embodied autonomous robots and illustrate these reflections with ethical questions that already arise in the context of human-robot interaction experiments conducted in our lab. We conclude that it is imperative to reflect on ethical principles at this time so as to be able to integrate these guidelines, in timely and appropriate ways, in the design of future robots.


Cloud computing is becoming a viable computing solution for scientific research and several open-source cloud solutions are available to support scientific studies. However, little has been done to systematically investigate the performance of these solutions in supporting scientific pursuits. Taking dust storm forecasting as an example, we test three popular open-source cloud solutions, namely Eucalyptus, OpenNebula, and CloudStack, on the same hardware and compare against a bare cluster. We find that: (1) compared to the bare cluster, a cloud has about 10% virtualization and management overhead when one virtual machine is used. Overhead increases when more virtual machines are used. Leveraging more virtual resources would not necessarily yield better performance. (2) For computing- and communication-intensive dust storm forecasting, the performance overhead is mainly due to virtualized network rather than virtualized computing resources when more than one virtual machine is involved. (3) Compared to Eucalyptus and CloudStack, OpenNebula provides better support for dust storm forecasting with relatively better performance. The results can provide some insights for scientific community in adopting these open-source cloud solutions.


In this paper we present a case study of the development of a technological framework to promote and enhance the self-management of a homeless people institution. This work has been developed by students of a bachelor's degree, included in the Inclusive School Project of the High School of Technology and Management of the Viana do Castelo Polytechnic Institute. This paper has two main contributions: the ICT tools adoption to the digital modernization of the society and the role academic community play in social responsibility. We present the solution architecture as well as the final prototype developed.


ABSTRACT This article examines the use of Islamic sources in a fragmentary text, the Tathlīth al-waḥdāniyya ('Trebling the Oneness'), written by an anonymous Jewish convert to Christianity. The author's aim was to demonstrate – using an ontological approach – the inconsistent nature of the arguments employed by his Muslim opponents, and at the same time to highlight the unacceptable practices of Muslims with regard to divorce and adultery. The fragments have survived thanks to their being quoted in a text by a Muslim author, who sought to counter each of the theological views expressed therein.


The aim of this article is optical surfaces polishing on the 6-axis computer-controlled (CCM) machine Optotech MCP 250 CNC using FEM technology, which is suitable for aspheric elements polishing. The main attention is dedicated to the choice and to the precise adjustment of major process parameters. The possibility of usage the multi wave interferometer Luphoscan as a data source for the2D surface correction is solved too.


Introduction: Exercise stress echocardiogram (ESE) is recommended for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) if a 50 mmHg gradient is not present at rest or provoked with Valsalva or amyl ...


A new species and a new subgenus Amphiblestrum ( Aviculamphiblestrum) ruggeroi sp.n. are described from deep circalittoral-epibathyal bottoms from the Sicily Strait and the north-western Mediterranean. The new subgenus is created to distinguish, within Amphiblestrum , species with both gymnocystal adventitious and large interzooidal avicularia, both originating from basal pore chambers.


The growing use of internet and online purchasing among young consumers in Malaysia provides a huge prospect in e-commerce market, specifically for B2C segment. In this market, if E-marketers know the web-based factors affecting online buyers' behaviour, and the effect of these factors on behaviour of online consumers, then they can develop their marketing strategies to convert potential customers into active one, while retaining existing online customers. Review of previous studies related to the online purchasing behaviour in B2C market has point out that the conceptualization and empirical validation of the online purchasing behaviour of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literate users, or ICT professional, in Malaysia has not been clearly addressed. This paper focuses on (i) web-based factors which online buyers (ICT professional) keep in mind while shopping online; and (ii) the effect of web-based factors on online purchasing behaviour. Based on the extensive literature review, a conceptual framework of 24 items of five factors was constructed to determine web-based factors affecting online purchasing behaviour of ICT professional. Analysis of data was performed based on the 310 questionnaires, which were collected using a stratified random sampling method, from ICT undergraduate students in a public university in Malaysia. The Exploratory factor analysis performed showed that five factors affecting online purchase behaviour are Information Quality, Fulfilment/Reliability/Customer Service, Website Design, Quick and Details, and Privacy/Security. The result of Multiple Regression Analysis indicated that Information Quality, Quick and Details, and Privacy/Security affect positively online purchase behaviour. The results provide a usable model for measuring web-based factors affecting buyers' online purchase behaviour in B2C market, as well as for online shopping companies to focus on the factors that will increase customers' online purchase.


Oil-tea camellia seed oil has high nutritional value because of its rich functional and nutritional compositions such as oleic acid,linoleic acid,etc.The nutritional and healthy functions of prevention of cardiovascular disease,antioxidant effect,immunomodulatory,prevention of obesity and protection of liver of oil-tea camellia seed oil were overviewed systematically.The methods of near infrared spectroscopy,chromatography and electronic nose technology for identifying oil-tea camellia seed oil were summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages of different identification methods were analyzed.An accurate,rapid,quantitative method for discerning oil-tea camellia seed oil should be established.


The usual family circumstances which lead to a child being in need of foster care are likely to have an adverse effect on his adjustment. Few experts would disagree with the proposition that such a child's maladjustment would probably increase further with changes of foster parents. Since maladjustment manifests itself commonly in behaviour difficulties, it seems reasonable to assume that children whose foster placements broke down would present greater management problems (and hence be less acceptable to foster parents) than children in their first placement. In fact, one authority suggested that foster home breakdowns are associated with "damage in personality growth of sufficient seriousness to create doubts whether they (the children) could be successfully refostered in ordinary homes" (Williams, 1961, p. 19). There are at least three studies which report that breakdowns tend to occur with an increasing rapidity with each successive foster home (Oswald, 1964; Ambinder, 1965; Napier, 1972). However, ot...


Conservative challenges to materials used in the public schools are no longer limited to isolated attacks against individual books. Ms. McCarthy alerts readers to the powerful tactics now being employed to influence all aspects of the curriculum.


This paper reviews the notions of king, kingdom and territory as the central elements of the political power in Alphonse the Tenth "The wise" of Castile and Leon during the thirteen century. The interest of this theory for research is that it exposes a complete scheme of a powerful king. In Europe, at that time, kings, popes and nobility were fighting for the supremacy and Alphonse's scheme provides us with of the first examples of a theory leaned on the side of the kings. The macrocosmic microcosmic analogy was used by Alphonse as the main argument to explain the whole structure, the role of each element and the contact between God and the king.


The UNIQUAC excess Gibbs energy model of Abrams and Prausnitz(1975)is extended to represent thevapor-liquid equilibria of polymer solution with only two adjustable parameters.Discussions on the application ofthe Staverman-Guggenheim and the Flory-Huggins combinatorial contribution in the UNIQUAC model are givenin this paper.The UNIQUAC model with either Staverman-Guggenheim or Flory-Huggins combinatorial expres-sion presents results with about the same accuracy for polymer solutions.Comparisons between the UNIQUAC model and the Flory equation show that theUNIQUAC model can give some better results than the Flory equa-tion in general.


Variations in free volume V f and size distribution of sites bearing free volume in polymers were analyzed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. The PATFIT and CONTIN programs were used to treat the corresponding positron annihilation lifetime spectra. The positron annihilation lifetime measurements were carried out for glassy PMMA plasticized with a thermodynamically PMMA-incompatible diethylsiloxane oligomer, for a random copolymer of methyl methacrylate with octyl methacrylate, and for glassy PC (undeformed samples and samples after uniaxial compression and annealing at T< T g ). For the first time, transitions between the structures of polymer glasses with unimodal and bimodal positronium lifetime distributions (the size distribution of structural elements bearing free-volume) were identified. Under uniaxial compression of PC, variations in V f are likely to be controlled only by an anelastic strain component, whereas the conformational strain component is virtually not associated with the above changes.


The aim of the surgical fixation of combined distal tibial fibular fracturesis to achieve good alignment and early mobilization of the patient (1). Various types of osteosyntheses are available for the sefractures. The fixation methods included open reduction– internal fixation, external fixation, close dreduction–intramedullary nailing, andminimally invasive plating systems (2, 3). Every method has its own advantages and disadvantages, with no consensus for the best fixation method (2-4).


In a recent paper Loveday et al. (1992) have presented new results on the luminosity function for a sample of galaxies with $b_J \le 17.15$. After having morphologically classified each galaxy (early--type, late--type, merged or uncertain), they have estimated the parameters of a Schechter luminosity function for early-- and late--type galaxies. However, in their sample there is a bias against identifying early--type galaxies at large distances and/or faint magnitudes: in fact, many of the early--type galaxies at faint magnitudes have probably been classified as ``uncertain". As discussed in Loveday et al., the existence of such a bias is indicated by the fact that for these galaxies $ =0.32$. In this paper we show, both theoretically and through the use of simulated samples, that this incompleteness strongly biases the derived parameters of the luminosity function for early--type galaxies. If no correction for such incompleteness is applied to the data (as done by Loveday et al.), one obtains a flatter slope $\alpha$ and a brighter $M^*$ with respect to the real parameters.


This study presents novel sufficient conditions for both finite-time and practical stability of the continuous linear control systems with latency in the state variables. The analyzed systems are mathematically represented using the state space differential equations with time delay. The new delay-independent finite time stability criteria were generated utilizing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. This functional is not required to have non-negative definite properties on the entire state space. Furthermore, it is not required that the derivations of the functional are negative along the trajectories as it is the case for conventional stability conditions. Consequently, the presented conditions can be implemented in a practical calculation without difficulties.


Abstract I discuss my stellar evolution code Ev in the context of simulations of large clusters of stars. It has long been able to handle single stars, and also binary stars up to a point. That point is far beyond what other codes are able to do, but well short of what is necessary for believable simulations. A recent version, Ev(Twin), can in principle deal with the contact phase of binary evolution, but it is not yet clear what the physical interaction is that needs to be simulated. An upgrade, which I hope will be only a few lines, should allow it to follow Kozai cycles with tidal friction, a process that strongly influences the orbital period of close pairs that reside within wide, non-coplanar triples. However, there are many substantial gaps in the physics of even single stars, let alone binaries or triples.


In turning process, determination of the optimal tool geometry and cutting parameters in order to improve the surface quality and reduce the production cost is vital. In this paper, based on experimental results and statistical analysis, one of the most important characteristic (surface quality) in turning process on micro-alloy steels has been modeled and optimized. The process input parameters consist of cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, clearance angle and tool radius. The experiments have been carried out on micro-alloy 30SMV6 steel and they have been based on Taguchi experimental design approach. Then regression functions including linear, quadratic and logarithmic models have been fit on the experimental data. Then the best and most fitted model was selected based on the results of statistical analysis. The statistical analysis showed that the linear model for surface quality is the best ones. In the next step of the research, simulated annealing (SA) algorithm has been employed to determine the optimal levels to reach the best surface quality. Finally, for validation test has been performed, and the results showed that the proposed method is quite efficient in modeling and optimization of turning process.


The present invention discloses a process for the synthesis of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, toluene, chlorosulfonic acid, ammonium chloride, pyridine and amino acids as raw materials, chlorosulfonated after the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled, vacuum filtration, solvent extraction , crystallization, and dried to give p-toluenesulfonyl chloride. Advantage of the invention is that with less chlorosulfonic acid, high yield, high purity, wherein the yield of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride 99.87%.


Humanities and social sciences require new research approaches to deal with and to benefit from the explosion of digital media. Thanks to large scale data storage and processing, close reading of individual items can be supplemented with analysis of broader trends from massive amounts of data. Cultural Analytics (CA) is a recently developed methodology for the exploration of content and visual form in large image and video collections. It has already been applied to a variety of media types, including TV programs, feature films, newspapers, and video games. However, until now these applications did not take into account the social context of media. In many cases, media artifacts under scrutiny are generated or used by people in a social setting, either in forms of (digital) communities, or in terms of social relations, which can be also analyzed as a valuable source of information. Social network analysis (SNA) is a set of methods for the analysis of human networks, including massive online social networks. In this article, we argue that CA and SNA can be combined synergistically, using data and images from deviantArt, the leading online network of user-created art, as a case study.


This study researched contamination of organic pesticides in surface waters from the Xiangjiang River of Changsha.As a result,the contamination are ubiquitous,the Xiangjiang River of Changsha is congditioned by organic pesticides.The content of the major pollutants are benzene hexachloride 8.75×10-4~5.84×10-3μg·L-1,heptachlor 1.44×10-3~4.36×10-3μg·L-1,heptachlor epoxide 7.15×10-4~1.81×10-3μg·L-1,endrin aldehyde 1.40× 10-3~1.74 ×10 -3μg·L-1.The detection rate of six kinds organic pesticides go beyond 50% .The contaminat of organic pesticides in surface waters from the Xiangjiang River of Changsha can not be ignored.


The importance of Internet architecture goes beyond the technical aspects. The architecture of Internet has a profound influence on the Internet-based economy in term of how the profits are shared by different market participants (Internet Server Provider, Internet Content Provider), since it is the physical foundation upon which the profit-sharing contracts are derived. In order to facilitate the continuing growth of the Internet, it is necessary to systematically study factors that curtail the Internet-based economy including the existing Internet architecture. In this paper, we used transaction cost economics and contract economics as new tools to analyse the contracts derived from the current Internet architecture. This study sheds light on how the macro characteristics of Internet architecture effect the microeconomical decisions of market participants. Based on the existing Internet architecture, we discuss the possibility of promoting Internet-based economy by encouraging user to connect their private stub network to the Internet and giving the user more right of self-governing.


To enhance TCP throughput in wired/wireless network,a new congestion control algorithm(C-TCP) is proposed based on the constant windows theory.Firstly three phases in C-TCP sender lifetime are analyzed,and a wired/wireless network is designed.Based on NS2 simulation platform,an optimal congestion window for C-TCP is determined and this window is kept constant for the following experiment.Based on no-congestion single TCP link and congestion multiple TCP links,in the context of wireless subnet under both constant bit error rates and burst error,the simulations on throughput are carried out including C-TCP,TCP Reno and TCPW these three algorithms.The results show that C-TCP algorithm is superior to the other two algorithms in throughput.


We demonstrate an electro-optic imaging system for millimeter-waves propagating along a coplanar waveguide. Using dual optical frequency combs and a polarization resolved microscope, we image signals with bandwidth >100 GHz and >48 dB dynamic range.


Optimizing the three most important network performance parameters i.e. Delivery probability, Overhead ratio, and Delay is challenging in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) due to high occurrences of network partitioning in these networks. Owing to the partitioning nature efficient routing or dissemination of messages is important in DTN. In this paper, we focused to improve the spray phase of Binary Spray and Wait routing scheme, an efficient routing scheme in DTN, by dividing the number of copies of a message in different categories. The proposed scheme provides higher delivery probability and lower delay for messages while keeping the overhead ratio low. Here, an adaptive spraying scheme is used combining the regular binary spraying and performance based spraying of a message in each node. Thus, each message is forwarded starting with the binary followed by an adaptive spraying technique depending on the time to live (TTL) value of that message. We also formulate an equation to permit a node to calculate a switch value for each message it carries. Later, the switch value is compared to the TTL of the message to toggle to the wait phase for that particular message instead of the number of copies of the message reaching to one. Simulation results show that our adaptive scheme has better delivery and delay performance than that of other schemes.


Abstract—This study aimed to examine molecular mechanisms for endotoxin-induced adhesive changes in platelets in vivo. Platelets labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester were visualized in rat mesenteric venules through intravital microscopy assisted by a high-speed fluorescence video imager at 1000 frames per second or by a normal-speed intensifier under monitoring of erythrocyte velocity. Leukocyte rolling was examined by normal-speed transmission video images. The velocity of platelets traveling along the centerline of venules followed that of erythrocytes, whereas that measured at the periendothelial space was significantly smaller than the erythrocyte velocity; a majority of these cells exhibited transient but notable rolling with endothelium. Administration of endotoxin increased the density of periendothelial platelets and reduced the rolling velocities of platelets and leukocytes in venules: All events were attenuated by anti–rat P-selectin monoclonal antibody s789G or by anti–...


viii CHAPTER ONE – WHY STUDY URBAN TOURISM 1 Internship and Research Methodology 9 CHAPTER TWO – WHY STUDY TOURISM 13 Tourism and the Social Sciences 13 Introducing the Anthropology of Tourism 16 The Anthropology of Tourism 17 Hosts and Guests within Urban Space 26 CHAPTER THREE – WHY STUDY URBAN TOURISM 30 A Post Modern City 33 What Pushes This Development? 37 CHAPTER FOUR – A QUANTITATIVE LOOK AT FLORIDA TOURISM 41 CHAPTER FIVE – EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY 50 Employment Trends: Miami & Miami PMSA 55 Employment Trends: Tampa & Tampa's MSA 62 CHAPTER SIX – GOVERNMENTS PLACE IN URBAN REDEVELOPMENT 66 State Programs 68 CHAPTER SEVEN – WHAT DO CITIES BUILD & WHY? 74 Sports Facility Development 78 Urban Waterfront Redevelopment & The Cruise Industry 84 ii CHAPTER EIGHT – TAMPA, FLORIDA 90 A Laundry List of Development 90 Downtown "The Central Business District" 92 The Use of Public / Private Partnerships 97 Sports Facilities in Tampa 99 Building Tampa: Hardin Industries 101 The Channel District 102 Ybor City: Tampa's National Historic District 103 Recreating Historic Connectors 105 A Quantitative Look at Tampa's Tourism Market 108 Future Employment Growth 109 Conclusions 111 CHAPTER NINE CONCLUSIONS 114


Background: 45–60% of global climate emissions come from individual consumerism choices. In Western culture, nature is seen as a resource, a series of challenges to conquer, limited to facts and figures, or a threat. As practices and language of sustainability still view the environment simply as a resource, and therefore as something separate from us that can be used, any gains in sustainability are simply band-aids covering the deep wound of relationship. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose a shift in focus to practices of nature-connection in outdoor education programming to develop habits of reciprocity and enhance human and nature well-being and relationship. Methodology/Approach: Research demonstrates a practical way to change how we relate to our environment is to change our habits. The pathways of nature connection provide simple behaviors that improve human–nature relationship and well-being. Findings/Conclusions: The ecological crisis is nothing more than a crisis of relationship. The pathway lies not in sustainability and saviorship, but in reciprocity and relationship cultivated by forming habits of nature connection. Implications: By shifting programmatic focus to the development and transfer of nature connection habits, outdoor educators can start the ripples of reciprocity with nature.


This study was conducted as an attempt to determine the process of existence of the universe  and whether there is another volume that restricts the universe because of the metric expansion of space, and to determine whether there may be a new universe or existence  in the case of extinction of all the universe by way of mathematical and physical functions. This study was conducted as an attempt to determine the process of existence of the universe  and whether there is another volume that restricts the universe because of the metric expansion of space, and to determine whether there may be a new universe or existence  in the case of extinction of all the universe by way of mathematical and physical functions.


A method is presented for the analysis of magnetic force microscopy(MFM) measurements that allows the quantitative determination of the sample stray field. It is shown how measurements on an easily obtainable calibration sample can be used to calibrate the MFM measurement as a function of the wavelength of the sample stray field at the tip apex. It is demonstrated that the thus obtained MFMcalibration can be used to determine the stray field distribution of the tip. Furthermore, the effect of the tip on the MFM imaging mechanism is analyzed by comparing it to some simple tip models. From the analysis, it is shown that the point–monopole and dipole models do not accurately describe the MFM imaging mechanism.


Despite their successes in NLP, Transformer-based language models still require extensive computing resources and suffer in low-resource or low-compute settings. In this paper, we present AxomiyaBERTa, a novel BERT model for Assamese, a morphologically-rich low-resource language (LRL) of Eastern India. AxomiyaBERTa is trained only on the masked language modeling (MLM) task, without the typical additional next sentence prediction (NSP) objective, and our results show that in resource-scarce settings for very low-resource languages like Assamese, MLM alone can be successfully leveraged for a range of tasks. AxomiyaBERTa achieves SOTA on token-level tasks like Named Entity Recognition and also performs well on"longer-context"tasks like Cloze-style QA and Wiki Title Prediction, with the assistance of a novel embedding disperser and phonological signals respectively. Moreover, we show that AxomiyaBERTa can leverage phonological signals for even more challenging tasks, such as a novel cross-document coreference task on a translated version of the ECB+ corpus, where we present a new SOTA result for an LRL. Our source code and evaluation scripts may be found at https://github.com/csu-signal/axomiyaberta.


Objectives: In the industrial production of fruit juices it is necessary to eliminate the pectin released during fruit processing in order to reduce the time of filtration and enhance the production at the end of the process. The present investigation was to select yeast strains with the best pectinase production and characterize some of the properties of the enzymes produced by submerged fermentation (SmF) processes. Materials and Methods: For plate assay, yeast strains were inoculated in the solid medium including citrus or apple pectin (1.0%) and incubated for 72h at 30oC. After, iodine-potassium iodide solution or 6M HCI was added to detect clearance zones around the colonies. Strains presenting large clearing zones were used for enzyme production assays on liquid medium. SmF was carried out using 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks with 40 ml of medium in a rotary shaker (120 rpm) at 30oC. After 96h the biomass was separated by centrifugation at 11000 rpm for 10 min and the supernatant was used to evaluate polygalacturonase (PGase) activity. Assay of PGase activity was determined by measuring the release of reducing groups using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) reagent. The reaction mixture containing 250 µl of 1% citric pectin in 250 µl citrate-phosphate, pH 6.0 buffer and 100 µl of culture supernatant, was incubated at 30oC for 5 min. Results: Yeast strains were tested for pectin hydrolysis by plate assay, and were classified as very good producers of pectin depolymerizing enzymes when presented clear halos around colonies of at least 1.5 cm (1), good producers when the halos were of at least 1 cm (4), weak producers when halos were at least 0.5 cm (4) and poor producers when no pectinolytic activity and no clear lysis zones were observed (11). Maximal PGase production activity was obtained for strains Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL-Y-1195 and Pichia pastoris. Pectinolytic activity was the highest at pH 5.0 and 5.5 for these strains respectively, except for Candida rugosa NRRL-Y-95, which presented optimal pH between 6.0. Assay for determination of the optimal temperature for PGase activity indicated maximal activities between 40-50oC for high pectinolytic yeast strains. PGase secreted by these yeasts showed an activity between pH 3.5 and 6.0, which is typical of PGase secreted by yeasts. Conclusion: The pectinolytic activity of yeasts has specific properties which may offer advantages over currently available pectinase preparations. The enzyme solution can be applied directly to fruit juice industries without the need for pH modification. Furthermore, because of the temperature stability of the enzyme, it can be possibly used at processing temperature of 40-50oC, which is sufficient for industrial process.


Abstract : The classification of vegetation and materials--both natural and man-made--in the terrestrial environment was conducted using high-spatial-resolution, multi-spectral satellite imagery obtained from the IKONOS-2 sensor. The results of three supervised classification techniques, the Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC), the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM\) classifier, and Mahalanobis Distance classifier, are presented. Ground truth data were used to compare the statistical accuracy of the different classifier techniques to determine which classifier provided the best overall results. Based on the results of the statistical comparison, producer accuracy, omission error, and commission error, it was determined that the MLC provided the best overall classification. This technique was then optimized using the training data sets, and the process was implemented over the entire area of the satellite image. One site from within the image was selected for a final ground truth comparison to determine the overall improvement of the optimized classifier.


A Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is an effective device for reducing the soot emission of diesel engines. In order to realize the passive regeneration of DPF at low temperature, Ce1−xMnxO2 catalysts doped with different doses of Mn were prepared through a sol–gel method. The influence of the catalyst on soot oxidation characteristics was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The oxygen vacancy formation energy was calculated using the first principles Perdew–Wang 1991 (PW91) method based on density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Moreover, catalytic performance was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, H2-temperature programming reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the ignition temperature and peak temperature of soot oxidation gradually decrease, and also the activation energy of Ce1−xMnxO2 for the catalytic soot oxidation decreases with the increase of Mn concentration. When the Mn concentration is 50%, the ignition temperature and peak temperature are decreased by 42 °C and 32 °C, respectively. The crystal structure of the prepared Ce1−xMnxO2 has a better stability, and Mn doping leads to the increase of lattice defects. Moreover, the oxygen vacancy formation energy of the Ce1−xMnxO2 catalyst decreases with increasing Mn concentrations. When Mn doping concentration is 50%, the oxygen vacancy formation energy represents a minimum value of 0.31 eV.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy of topical rhGM-CSF treatment on oral mucositis. Methods 40 patients suffering from oral mucositis after combined chemotherapy were randomized divided into 2 groups. The treatment group were given topically a mixture of 50μg rhGM-CSF, 8ml glycerol-aureomycin and 1ml 2% lidocaine solution, 5 times 1d. The control group were administered a mixture of 8ml glycerol-aureomycin and 1ml 2% lidocaine solution, also topically, 5 times 1d. Treatment continued till the ulcers healed. Results The duration of mucositis in the treatment group was more shortened and the score was more lowered compared with that of the control group. Conclusion Granular-macrophagic cell colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can stimulate the differenciation of hemopoietic cell in bone marrow and enhance the function of granular and mononuclear cells. When topically administered to the ulcer surface, it can stimulate the activity of epidermal growth factor and accelerate the healing of ulcers.


This is a report of a load test to the ultimate capacity of two main beams of a 5-story, reinforced concrete frame structure. The frame was part of a 28-year-old building that was demolished soon after completion of the load test. The load tests detected sources of distress, established load distribution patterns in the structural frame, and helped understand the failure mechanisms of beams at the ultimate limit state. The details of the study are summarized. The study showed that the ultimate strength of structural members of an existing building can be obtained accurately when in situ material properties and dimensions are used.


Chloroform was recovered from mother liquid of Dirithromycin by extractive rectification after adding salt with the purity of 99.6 % . 0.1 g/mL KOAc - glycol solution was chosen as the separation agent in this separation process. The result showed that it was a satisfactory extractive agent with adding salt, which was economic and easy to be recycled.


With modern video games frequently featuring sophisticated and realistic environments, the need for smart and comprehensive agents that understand the various aspects of complex environments is pressing. Since video game AI is often specifically designed for each game, video game AI tools currently focus on allowing video game developers to quickly and efficiently create specific AI. One issue with this approach is that it does not efficiently exploit the numerous similarities that exist between video games not only of the same genre, but of different genres too, resulting in a difficulty to handle the many aspects of a complex environment independently for each video game. Inspired by the human ability to detect analogies between games and apply similar behavior on a conceptual level, this paper suggests an approach based on the use of a unified conceptual framework to enable the development of conceptual AI which relies on conceptual views and actions to define basic yet reasonable and robust behavior. The approach is illustrated using two video games, Raven and StarCraft: Brood War.


Foster parents are in a unique position to improve the self-esteem of children in their care, which may be lower than that of their non-fostered peers. According to Harter's dual-influence model, both general support or attachment and domain-specific support contribute to self-esteem. The current study used this model to explore the ways in which foster parents had influenced the self-esteem of a sample of five adults with differing foster care experiences. Retrospective interviews were used to gather memories of high self-esteem from time spent in foster care. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts supported Harter's model, and provided a number of examples of ways in which foster parents could boost children's self-esteem. The model was further extended to show the importance of 'normality' and inclusion for this sample of fostered adults. Further research on this topic is recommended with a view to widening the scope of foster carer training beyond attachment theory.


The early modern Atlantic witnessed an unprecedented expansion of trade. This has been attributed to the emergence of new institutions for the enforcement of property rights. Details of this institutional change however remain debated. During this time, London emerged as the biggest port in the western hemisphere. It also became home to the largest single community of Quakers, a community that for almost 400 years has enjoyed a reputation for being uncannily successful in trade. Quakers occupied a central place when Britain emerged as the world's leading trading nation. The literature


Based on the analysis of transient flow,the measures have been obtained reducing the external gear pump flow fluctuation.Through the establishment of a gear pump optimization of leak model,get the gear pump optimal value of gap compensation.The results found basis for the optimal design of gear pump.


Religious organizations have increasingly drawn the attention of communication scholars. This interest is due in part to the significant role these organizations have in building social capital – particularly in regard to improving racial/ethnic relations. This potential has remained largely unrealized, however, since the Civil Rights Movement over 50 years ago. Consequently, this study seeks to understand how church pastors frame the ambiguous discourse of organizational purpose. Building on an earlier research phase that included 42 pastoral interviews, this study adds to our understanding of framing practices via three dialectical tensions: integration-segregation, belief-practice, and vertical-horizontal. The analysis also reveals how these dialectics were framed through improbability, double bind, alternation, selection, connection, and transcendence, as well as their impact upon ethnic relationships. Theoretic and practical implications are provided. Video abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo


We apply the Stat-XFER statistical transfer machine translation framework to the task of translating from French and German into English. We introduce statistical methods within our framework that allow for the principled extraction of syntax-based transfer rules from parallel corpora given word alignments and constituency parses. Performance is evaluated on test sets from the 2007 WMT shared task.


This paper presents the design of a 1.0 V 150-550 MHz 65 nm ADDLL using a novel coarse-fine architecture and differential circuit techniques. When running at 550 MHz, this nanometer ADDLL achieves a peak-to-peak jitter of only 5 ps with the shortest 4 locking cycles, while consumes only 0.67 muW/MHz, about 72% reduction compared to the existing most power efficient ADDLL.


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary artery disease and stroke is a significant health problem in Japan regardless of well established health care and insurance system and various public campaigns and exhibitions in the contemporary Japanese society. Higher and increasing prevalence and incidence of well-known risk factor of CVD may contribute to increasing mortality and morbidity of CVD in the future. However, limited knowledge was available for understanding perceptions of risk for CVD among Japanese adults. This grounded theory study aimed to explore social psychological process in perception of risk for CVD among Japanese adults. There were a total of 26 individuals participated in this study. Participants consisted of 19 Japanese adults with at least one CVD risk factor and 7 Japanese health care providers residing or working in which a consistently high mortality rate of CVD in both men and women. The theory grounded from the data was a process to avoid serious physical, emotional, social, and financial suffering as a consequence of developing CVD or of leaving it untreated and a process to maintain a good relationship with risk for CVD among Japanese adults with CVD risk factors. This grounded theory was consisted of the central concept of perceived risk for CVD, which defined as fear, threats, sorrow, worries, and/or anxiety for possible adverse impacts on their life living with their family and suffering for loss of independence and quality of life consequent upon CVD. This central concept was followed by actions to avoid these adverse and excruciating consequences of CVD including changing behavior, taking measures to manage CVD risk, and continually


Abstract : In this paper we propose a generic configuration of tool capabilities. We categorize many of the available tools into a few broad classes, and show how these classes have properties which are nicely complementary. We hypothesize that testing, documentation and verification are three of the most important software production activities and suggest that these activities can be nicely supported by different configurations of representatives of these few tool classes.


In the present study efficiency of Eudragit NE 30 D and RS 30 D as matrix forming materials was investigated. It was found that theophylline loaded granules prepared with these two polymers could not sustain drug release for a significant period of time. However, compression of these granules into tablets retarded drug release for up to 7 hours. Release was similar with both of the polymers. Effects of fillers and rate modifiers on drug release have been assessed. Incorporation of lactose and starch caused substantial release of theophylline from both the polymeric systems. Avicel PH 101 intensified the retardation effect of both NE 30 D and RS 30 D on theophylline release. Hydrophobic excipients also show retardation of release from both NE 30 D and RS 30 D. Key words : Eudragit RS 30 D; Eudragit NE 30 D; Theophylline; Matrix system; Controlled release DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i2.6030 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8 (2): 153-159, 2009 (December)


A feature selection algorithm can improve efficiently the detection speed and result,with irrelevant and redundant data eliminated and denoised in an intrusion detection system. Taking advantage of the algorithm,a new hybrid feature selection algorithm based on the principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with decision tree algorithm (C4.5) was proposed to develop a lightweight intrusion detection system. Verifying the proposed algorithm in detail via tests with the KDD 1999 dataset,the algorithm was proved that it is available to not only ensure the high detection rate and low false alarm rate but also improve obviously the training/testing time of the intrusion detection system. Furthermore,as a result of comparative tests,the algorithm is superior to GA-SVM algorithm in training/testing time,detection rate and false alarm rate.


Since 1976, within the hydrographic area of Chinteni Valley, district of Cluj, one carried out several experiments concerning the possibilities of stabilization and agricultural utilization of slide lands through land appropriation and agricultural crops. On an area of two hectares of slide lands, with an average of 2 - 3m of depth sliding, one had tested two variants of drainage. In order to record the degree of land displacement due to sliding one positioned 30 topographic landmarks. The experimental results show that by appropriating slide lands, as well as by applying specific crop technologies for slopes, a noticeable decrease of the horizontal and vertical land displacements were achieved in rather a short time. Gradually, the tendency of slide land towards a permanent stabilization becomes more evident and this is soon included in the general elastic equilibrium of slope to which it belongs.


Abstract.
 Fine-scale genetic structure in animal populations can have important consequences for evolutionary processes and can influence conservation and management decisions. Cervids often live in matrilineal social groups, and this spatial grouping can create fine-scale genetic structure among females. We used DNA and radio-location data at Fort Carson Military Reservation in south central Colorado, USA, to determine whether female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) living in close proximity were more likely to be related. Spatial data were obtained over an 18-month period using data transmitted from GPS collars. Average positions for each animal were correlated with relatedness estimates calculated using 7 microsatellite loci. We found significant spatial autocorrelation for females at distances ≤1000 m, which suggests that females were frequently philopatric. In addition, females appeared to occasionally disperse over relatively longer distances, as we found evidence of related females separated by distances up to 28,000 m. Fine-scale genetic structure may have important implications for managing chronic wasting disease, which is relatively common at this site.


Yumenhe reservoir is a reregulating reservoir in the luohe River,and the geological condition of the dam foundation is very complicated.Arch dam was recommended in the feasibility stage.The paper demonstrates and analyses the enginering geological condition of the dam,and cocludes that the condition for dam construction is good,and the gravity dam is better than the arch dam.


As air pollution and green-house effect have caused numerous environmental problems in past decades, and increasing investigations have been focused on reducing the emission of harmful gas such as SOx. Oxidative desulfurization of fuel is considered as a promising
 method for its high efficiency and mild condition. Herein, ionic liquids supported urchin-liked meso-silica were facilely prepared and applied for heterogeneous oxidative desulfurization, which had a good dispersion of polyoxometalate ionic liquids. With the prepared materials, sulfur compounds
 can be efficiently removed. Moreover, the oxidation product was analyzed by GC-MS to further investigate reaction mechanism.


An estimate is made of the illumination required for the 80-in. bubble chamber, based on the absolute sensitivity of the film. The required intensity is estimated to be 23.4 tube is calculated to be 145 cm/sup 2/. The results are compared with these obtained from 72- and 20-inch chambers. (D.L.C.)


The spread of the pandemic represented the upheaval of the order constituted (status quo), as the most evident data. It's possible to think of the dynamics within the EU, the relationship between the various political systems, taken as single entities and in their inter-institutional relationships. The Coronavirus also called into question strategies that seemed politically well established, for example the ways the US electoral campaigns are conducted and shed a light on political dynamics and practices that usually are less talked about, if not in a detrimental manner, such as the polices carried out by political representatives such as Mr Erdogan and Mr. Orban. It has unbalanced economic-financial domains, which imposed themselves as unassailable, as it has been the case for China. But, not least, the pandemic has disarticulated social and relational models, in every country of the world. Not even the First and the Second World Wars had achieved that. Everything, inevitably, will result in a rethinking of the regulatory and decision-making processes; likewise, the 'way' of life and the ways relationships are built will undergo a 'restoration' process based on the redefinition of needs, expectations and, above all, desires. Those will have to be identified according to a new series of elementary and essential rights to be guaranteed to everyone.


The authors attempt to elucidate the influence of boron, silicon, and phosphorus on the corrosion and electrochemical behavior of titanium-cobalt alloys with nearly eutectic composition. Of the investigated additives, only phosphorus is an effective alloying element for alloys of the titaniumcobalt system. Addition of 5 at. % of P causes self-passivation of the alloys, regardless of their structure in 5 N H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ solution, with a corresponding improvement in corrosion resistance. Amorphization of the phosphorus-containing alloy promotes the formation of a homogeneous passivating film, consisting mainly of titanium dioxide, which has good, stable protective properties.


Alkali reactivity of artificial granite aggregate has been studied by various test methods from macro scope to microscope.It has been proved through study results that artificial granite aggregate is non active aggregate judged by present criterions.The test results obtained by mortar bar length method show that the expansion of granite mortar remain basically unchanged in 14 years,and detrimental expansion dose not exist under the condition of low alkali content.But considering TGP' importance and its concrete' durability,alkali content of cement and total alkali content of concrete should be controlled.


The lagging performance of students in science and mathematics in West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) points to a serious challenge requiring the intervention of the government, as we know; education is the bedrock of any nation. The application of ICT tools in teaching science and mathematics in Nigeria can be said to have minimally improved student performance in recent times. Though the government of Nigeria has made a laudable effort in these regards; it has little or no impact in teaching science and mathematics in Nigeria secondary education.  Thus, this study aimed at examining the perception of teachers towards the use of ICT as an instructional tool in science and mathematics within Nigeria secondary education. The research employs a quantitative research design in which a sample of sixty-three (63) science and forty (40) mathematics teachers from government secondary schools in Abuja, Nigeria were interviewed.  The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire titled "Teacher's Perception on ICT Use Model (TPIUM)" based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by Davis, 1989. Statistical analysis of the data obtained showed that Perceived usefulness (PU) had the strongest impact on Behavioral intention (BI) and Attitude toward use (AT) of ICT tools by teachers. The findings of this study also revealed that outdated government policies to support ICT use in science and mathematics posed a big challenge and more consequential is the inadequate skills of teachers in using ICT tools. The study therefore recommends that the government should endeavor to put in place adequate training and retraining of teachers on how to effectively fuse and use ICT tools in teaching mathematics and other science subjects in Nigeria.
Ebire F. A. | Department of Global ICT Policy, Pusan National University, Busan South Korea.


Brains can remember information in different forms, i.e images, symbols, sounds, and senses, and the information is connected by logical gate. This information needs imagination and association to construct new meaningful images. The purpose of this research was to describe a method of teaching which based on Tony Buzan's mind mapping technique. This research showed how mind mapping could be used to measure students' logical thinking and how mind mapping could promote students' understanding in meaningful way. The test of mind mapping that involved 31 students of XI grade in SMA Batik 2 Surakarta was used as the data collecting method in this research. Then, the Ohassta's mind mapping rubric was used to analyze the structure and content of mind mapping. The rubric includes four aspects, i.e knowledge, communication, thinking, and application. A qualitative analysis Miles and Hubberman's was used to assess the obtained data. The result showed that the percentage of knowledge aspect was 53,23 %, communication aspect was 28,33 %, thinking aspect was 28,33 %, and knowledge aspect was 41,53 %. Mind mapping makes logical thinking visible so that the quality of learning that has occurred can be seen and explored. Using mind mapping in the course of teaching means that learning is no longer a complex and intractable process, measurable is not only by proxy but also by an observable phenomenon.


The intention of the research reported here was to seek explanations for low achievement in school mathematics, as conventionally assessed, that derive from broad understandings of mathematics as social. Such a broad social perspective can provide explanations for low achievement, which could lead to different understandings and hence to different teaching approaches. This study centered on 5- to 8-year-old children from a White working-class area in England. Data were collected during visits to the children in school, in their homes, and in the broader community over a 3-year period. Parents, teachers, and other professionals in the broad school context were interviewed, and data were also collected from school documents and policy statements. Interpretations of these data in terms of ways of understanding children's achievements in school mathematics are put forward. The potential effects of these factors on low schooled numeracy attainment are discussed, together with some possible strategic implications for practice and policy.


Polyacrylamide as a biocompetible polymeric material can be used in modifying drug release of aspirin. But limitations in absorbing water on this polymer can be covered with the addition of carboxymethyl amylose which is having more hydrophilic properties and may assist in crosslinking. The incorporation of carboxymethyl amylose and polyacrylamide were carried out by grafting methods and used polymerized with solution method. The results of the synthesis of carboxymethyl amylose-g-polyacrylamide are expected to have a more controlled release of aspirin which may minimize the side effect of delivery. The results of the synthesis of CMA-g-PAM and its formation were characterized by FTIR, XRD, swelling degrees (DS), and percent grafting efficiency (% GE). CMA-g-PAM products are expected to have more hydrophifilic and more biodegradable properties. The research show that CMA-g-PAM was succesfully synthesize by this method. The evident can be seen in XRD analysis from peak and graph observation. With the value of %GE found on the CMA-g-PAM DS 3 can reach up to 98.14% with concentration of NaOH 1.5 M, and a reasonable degree of swelling presented in the concentration of 2.5 M NaOH is 5699.52.


The kinetic deuterium isotope effect in the reaction of methyl iodide with thiosulfate ion in aqueous solution has been determined as follows: kH/kD (per 3D) = 0.966 (+0.02°), 0.968 (+10.00°), 0.970 (+19.98°). Kinetic experiments have been carried out in reaction vessels with no gas phase. The experimental data are compared with results of model calculations of isotope effects from force constants. Excellent agreement between experimental and calculated isotope effects may be obtained with the following values of the transition state bending force constants: fHCI = 0.295 mdyn A, fHCS = 0.300 to 0.320 mdyn A. These values are equal to 50–65% of the corresponding bending force constants in stable molecules.


Biometric technology is the basis of an identification system to control individuals in the under surveillance group. Biometric system provides automatic identification based on patterns or unique characteristics of each individual.In the iris-based biometric system, the common steps taken are image acquisition, image segmentation, image extraction and image recognition. Hough method is used in the segmentation step and the Mahalanobis distance method used in image recognition step. Implementation of this system using OpenCV library and as research object used Casia iris image database version 1.0 in BMP format with a size of 320 x 280 pixels. Keywords: biometric, hough, iris, mahalanobis


Enlarged leaf size, stem diameter, and root system of autotetraploid energy willows are associated with changes in hormonal status and the efficiency of photosynthesis. The biomass productivity of the energy willow Salix viminalis as a short-rotation woody crop depends on organ structure and functions that are under the control of genome size. Colchicine treatment of axillary buds resulted in a set of autotetraploid S. viminalis var. Energo genotypes (polyploid Energo [PP-E]; 2n = 4x = 76) with variation in the green pixel-based shoot surface area. In cases where increased shoot biomass was observed, it was primarily derived from larger leaf size and wider stem diameter. Autotetraploidy slowed primary growth and increased shoot diameter (a parameter of secondary growth). The duplicated genome size enlarged bark and wood layers in twigs sampled in the field. The PP-E plants developed wider leaves with thicker midrib and enlarged palisade parenchyma cells. Autotetraploid leaves contained significantly increased amounts of active gibberellins, cytokinins, salicylic acid, and jasmonate compared with diploid individuals. Greater net photosynthetic CO2 uptake was detected in leaves of PP-E plants with increased chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Improved photosynthetic functions in tetraploids were also shown by more efficient electron transport rates of photosystems I and II. Autotetraploidization increased the biomass of the root system of PP-E plants relative to diploids. Sections of tetraploid roots showed thickening with enlarged cortex cells. Elevated amounts of indole acetic acid, active cytokinins, active gibberellin, and salicylic acid were detected in the root tips of these plants. The presented variation in traits of tetraploid willow genotypes provides a basis to use autopolyploidization as a chromosome engineering technique to alter the organ development of energy plants in order to improve biomass productivity.


Based on the provincial data of China in 211, we use E-G index and TY Causality to study the important influencing factors of the industry agglomeration of China. The results of empirical study show that:(1) transport Infrastructure and human capital, through a modified Granger causality test, are confirmed as the dominant contributors to the rise of agglomeration, as new economic geography theory reveals that intercontinental location, economies of scales and FDI positively correlates with agglomeration, and(2) there is a bi-directional causality relationship between industry agglomeration,transportation infrastructure, economies of scales and FDI.


Abstract : D CFORTRAN IV Compiler for the Wang 520 Calculator,Bloom,Howard M. ;Hausner,Arthur ;HDL-TM-73-15HDL-398C39(*compilers, instruction manuals), syntax, control sequences, algorithmswang 520 programmable calculators, *calculators, fortran 4 programming language, fortranThe paper describes the first phase of a project designed to generate Wang 520 desk calculator machine code from programs written in a specific subset of FORTRAN IV. Algorithms are given to show how the translation is performed. Many examples are given to illustrate how the system is used. At the present time, the compiler (written in SUPERFORTRAN) is only available on the Tymshare, Inc. network (System 15). (Author)


According to the simulation accuracy, the probability and statistics theories are used to develop a calculation formula to calculate simulation times of reliability by Monte-Carlo simulation method. Calculation results of two cases show that the calculation formula is feasible.


Based on the informations of mining and discharge in production testing well of coalbed gas located in the region of southern Qinshui Basin,combined with geological and productive informations obtained from coal geological exploration and coalbed gas exploration by Zhonglian Co.,expounded discharge and mining mechanism of coalbed gas well,and to dissect in detail with the example on testing of discharge and mining in TL-003well,and studied and analysed main parameters which influenced production of coalbed gas,with simulated technology of reservoir,and preliminarily predicted the productive potentiality of coalbed gas well in this area.


This paper examines the disclosure effect of establishing overseas affiliate to the firm value for the KOSDAQ listed venture firms. We test the disclosure effect on the stock market when firms established an overseas affiliate using event study methodology and multiple regressions. The results suggest that there is a disclosure effect on the stock market. The AR(Abnormal Return) shows positive (+) improvement in the 3 days following the announcements about establishing overseas affiliates and the CAR(Cumulative Abnormal Return) also shows a positive improvement after 4 days from the announcements. From the empirical evidence, we conclude that overseas affiliates have a significant influence in raising the value of firms. Also, the foreign experience of the CEO and a R&D component ratio have significant influence on the firm value.


The method of agent-based modeling is rarely used in social psychology, but has the potential to complement and improve traditional research practices. An agent-based model (ABM) consists of a number of virtual individuals – the "agents" – interacting in an artificial, experimenter-controlled environment. In this article, we discuss several characteristics of ABMs that could prove particularly useful with respect to recent recommendations aimed at countering issues related to the current "replication crisis". We address the potential synergies between planning and implementing an ABM on the one hand, and the endeavor of pre-registration on the other. We introduce ABMs as tools for both the generation and the improvement of theory, testing of hypotheses, and for extending traditional experimental approaches by facilitating the investigation of social processes from the intra-individual all the way up to the societal level. We describe examples of ABMs in social psychology, including a detailed description of the CollAct model of social learning. Finally, limitations and drawbacks of agent-based modeling are discussed. In annex 1 and 2, we provide literature and tool recommendations for getting started with an ABM.


Novel dynamic experiments have enabled the identification of a macroscopic solidlike response in the isotropic phase of a low molecular weight liquid crystal, 4,4'-n-octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB). This unknown property indicates that the low frequency shear elasticity identified in the isotropic phase of liquid crystal polymers is not reminiscent from the glass transition but reveals likely a generic property of the liquid state. The comparison to high molecular weight liquid crystals indicates, however, that the shear modulus is much enhanced when the liquid crystal moieties are attached to a polymer chain. The macroscopic length scales probed (0.050-0.100 mm) exclude wall-induced effects.


The present invention discloses a preview system and a preview method. The preview system is used for an image capture apparatus and has a processing circuit and a display apparatus. The processing circuit reads an input image, scales at least a portion of the input image to generate a first preview image, and derives a second preview image from a selected portion of the input image. The display apparatus displays the first preview image and the second preview image, concurrently. Besides, a preview method for an image capture apparatus includes at least the following steps: reading an input image; scaling at least a portion of the input image to generate a first preview image; deriving a second preview image from a selected portion of the input image; and displaying the first preview image and the second preview image on a display apparatus, concurrently. The preview system and the preview method provided by the invention enable user experience of the capture apparatus to be enhanced.


Membrane masks are needed for charged particle lithography and can include both stencil masks and masks with thin continuous membranes. Producing accurate image placement on membrane masks requires careful control of mask shape, pattern writing, and stress control of the mask materials. Pattern density and pattern density gradients also affect image placement (IP) control. This article discusses IP distortions on electron projection lithography masks caused by patterning the imaging layers with low and high density patterns and patterns with large gradients in the density. The process-induced distortion has been found to be largest with the largest vector distortion at the boundary when high pattern density gradients are present. The anisotropic stiffness of the unit cell also affects the process-induced distortion. Qualitatively, the results between continuous membrane and stencil masks show similar characters. The results provide distortion information that could be used to determine the maximum allowab...


The disciplines of environmental management and emergency management share many of the same concepts, issues, processes, and concerns. Yet they interact more by accident than design. This paper explores the contributions that environmental management can make to the theory and practice of emergency management – from preparedness and response through recovery and reconstruction. It explores the concept of "disaster" in the contexts of both environmental management and emergency management, and it addresses the significance of environmental degradation as both a contributing factor in disaster effects and an important criterion in setting priorities for long-term reconstruction. Research and planning in many areas of the world are serving to embed emergency management solidly in the practice of environmental management, and vice-versa. The paper notes the growing consciousness of environmental justice/equity issues that figure significantly in the impact of disaster effects and in the decisions to be made throughout the process of long-term recovery and post-disaster reconstruction. It concludes by identifying areas where environmental management and emergency management can and should interact more positively to support long-term recovery and reconstruction.


She did well until April 6, 1937, when she was brought back to the hospital, unable to swallow anything but water. X-ray examination on the following day showed a diffuse stenosis of the esophagus beginning at the level of the aortic arch and extending down to about an inch or two above the diaphragm, with some dilatation above the strictured area. The barium in the dilated area appeared mottled as though mixed with food.


The Roman Catholic Church is one of the world's largest and oldest organizations, yet communication among its members serving in ecclesiastical occupations (e.g., priests) remains relatively unexplored. The present study addresses this paucity of research by examining the relationship between 145 U.S. priests' and sisters' perceptions of their religious superiors' aggressive communication and perceptions of the superiors' credibility, as well as their own experiences of job and vocational satisfaction, motivation, and organizational commitment. Results indicated that superior verbal aggressiveness was associated with priests' and sisters' job motivation, organizational commitment, and perceptions of superior credibility, whereas superior argumentativeness only predicted perceptions of superior competence. The pattern of findings also suggests that superior aggressive communication functions differently across the ecclesiastical occupations studied, with diocesan priests appearing to be most influenced by their superiors' aggressive communication and sisters seemingly the least influenced. Implications for management and organizational communication research and the Catholic Church are discussed.


Simple Summary Transcriptomic analysis showed nineteen potential biomarkers in ovarian tissue from females belonged to a rabbit line selected for ovulation rate for 10 generations and the control line. These females differed not only in ovulation rate but also in prenatal survival since similar litter size were observed. Abstract Litter size is an essential trait in rabbit meat production but with low heritability. A selection experiment for ovulation rate has been performed for 10 generations to improve litter size in rabbits. The selected line increased two ova more than the control line but nevertheless a negative correlation was observed with prenatal survival. A transcriptomic study was performed, using microarrays, in ovarian tissue from females belonging to the selected line and the control line. Our results showed 1357 differential expressed genes and nineteen potential biomarkers associated with prenatal mortality, which could explain differences between litter size in rabbits. Cell death was the most relevant process.


In August-September 1885, Brisbane's leading trade unionists founded a Trades and Labour Council (TLC). At that moment, the city of Brisbane was undergoing a rapid transformation from an underdeveloped provincial centre of some 30,000 inhabitants to a booming colonial capital of more than 90,000. The Council's founders were men who embodied the values and habits of mind of the first half of the decade ofthe 1880s. They therefore created a peak labour body which could accommodate the features of a rapidly disappearing industrial relations system, a system based on exclusivist craft unions, on the benevolence of the city's employers, on the assumption of the unity of purpose of capital and labour, on an unchanging social and industrial environment. However, a mid-decade tidal wave of immigration not only transformed the colony's economic and industrial base, it brought into Brisbane, and into the city's labour movement, a group of activists whose disposition was decidedly radical. Consequently, the TLC, even as it was created, was incapable of meeting the industrial, political and ideological needs of an invigorated labour movement. By 1888, the Brisbane TLC was committed to its own dissolution, a step which it took in June 1889, to make way for the Australian Labour Federation (ALF). During its short life, the Council suffered from four problems, all traceable to its original constitution: a chronic shortage of funds; a lack of authority over its affiliates; an inability to assist its affiliates in controlling the supply of labour; and a failure to engender within the labour movement a sense of unity of purpose. The tension between the Council's founding, conservative forces and its new, radical, immigrant-led personnel provided the dynamic which precipitated, first, the partial revision of the Council's rules and, ultimately, its dissolution. This tension expressed itself in debates on a number of issues, including the admission of employers as delegates, proportional representation, Council's policy on free trade and protection, and its ability to impose a compulsory levy on its affiliates. Beneath these structural and policy differences lurked a more profound division over the proper scope and purpose of the TLC. The Council's founders were content to allow the Council to function as a local expression of the immediate material interests of its members, as an expression of the (perceived) benign relationship between capital and labour. The radical push, however, wanted something better they wanted a peak labour body which could meet the needs of a more dynamic community, and which could ultimately be a vehicle for the transformation of the relationship between capital and labour. This contest gave rise to labourism, which first came to prominence under the stimulus of the Council's efforts to return labour candidates in the general elections of May 1888. Labour historians have written very little on the first Brisbane TLC, their attentions having been diverted by the Queensland labour movement's more turbulent career under the ALF in the early-I 890s. Australia's peak labour bodies have fared little better, with only the Sydney TLC, the Adelaide United Trades and Labour Council, and the Australian Council of Trade Unions receiving comprehensive consideration. And it was only relatively recently that Ellem and Shields proposed 'a model of peak union formation that combines internal and external processes, emphasising the connection between them.' This paper not only provides much needed consideration of the origins of Queensland's first peak labour body, it confirms Ellem and Shields' hypothesis that 'for any group of unions to form a peak body two conditions must apply: a state of internal equilibrium must exist between the unions concerned, and those unions must be presented with a clear external threat or opportunity', while 'it is the interaction between the two [conditions] that explains the origins and nature of peak bodies. 'I In fulfilling these tasks, this paper examines the ways in which the Brisbane TLC, between 1885 and 1888, reflected the changes in its host community. It first identifies the most salient features of the community from which the Council arose. It then narrates the various efforts of the radical, immigrant-led element to reform the Council, and finds the origins of these proposed reforms in the changing ethos of the wider Brisbane community. The paper concludes that the conditions of the Council's dissolution were intrinsically linked to the social conditions of its founding.


The invention discloses a triangular pyramid type shear mode assembly which comprises three shear mode mechanisms, wherein a first shear mode mechanism is formed by hinging and connecting two straight bars by adopting a shear mode structure; each of a second shear mode mechanism and a third shear mode mechanism is formed by hinging and connecting two bent bars by adopting another shear mode structure; the bent bars are connecting bars with '>' shaped bent parts; the second shear mode mechanism, the first shear mode mechanism and the third shear mode mechanism are sequentially connected end to end through connecting parts; the head end of the second shear mode mechanism and the tail end of the third shear mode mechanism are hinged to the same connecting part; the three shear mode mechanisms constitute a triangular pyramid similar type shear mode assembly through connection of the connecting parts. The triangular pyramid type shear mode assembly, disclosed by the invention, stretches out and draws back in a triangular pyramid type to improve application of the shear mode structure, and can be folded when not used to reduce the storage space.


Title reaction tolerates a range of aromatic and aliphatic aldimines to give the product propargylic amines (II) and (VI) in high to excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 98% e.e.).


The power quality improvement faces different significant problems due to the wide use of power electronics and voltage instability. To overcome these different power quality problems, an active power filter is used. The active power filter in general has four main categories, shunt, series, unified power quality conditioner and hybrid active power filter. The shunt active power filter is usually used to mitigate source current harmonics and compensate reactive power for power factor improvement. The series active power filter is usually used to mitigate voltage problems (sags, swells, transients, dips, distortions….). The unified power quality conditioner is used for all voltage and current problems. In this paper, the three phase three-wire series active power filter is utilized alone to mitigate all power system problems (voltages and currents) for this case study, such as voltage sag, voltage swell, voltage harmonics, and source current harmonics to comply with the harmonics limits given in IEEE 519-1992, and IEC 61000-4-7 standards. The source current harmonic problem mainly exists due to, 1) distorted voltage source, and 2) non-linear loads. The series active power filter can effectively eliminate the source current harmonics in case of distorted voltage source. Consequently, the series active power filter can be used alone as a power quality improvement for all voltage and current problems as mentioned in this case study.


Objective To explore the relationship between occurrence of disease and family factors in teenage obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD group ).Methods Seventy teenage patients with OCD group and seventy normal controls were evaluated with egnaminnen borndoms uppfostran(EMBU),family environment scale Chinese version(FES-CV)and family assessment device(FAD),the dates were used to analyzed.Results Compared with the normal controls in EMBU,the scores of some factors were lower significantly in OCD group(P0.01).with the normals in FES-CV,expect the factors of contradiction and success were higher significantly,the other factors were all lower obviously.On all of the seven factors of the family functions,the suspect OCD group scored lower than the normal one significantly(P0.01).Correlation analysis showed that all factors were correlative for OCD group.Conclusion The suspect teenage OCD is related closely to the family factors,such as egnaminnen borndoms uppfostran,family enviroment and family assesment.