An integrated campaign "Suryagrahan‐2019" with multi‐institutional support was conducted by launching a series of radiosondes/ozonesondes over 6‐different locations in India along with the operation of ST/MST radars and launching of RH‐200 rockets during the annular solar eclipse of 26 December 2019. We present the eclipse‐induced changes in the thermal structure, dynamics and trace gases in the lower and middle atmosphere. One of the novel findings is the formation of three step‐like isothermal structures in the lower stratosphere with a layer height of 1.4, 2.5, and 4 km, which is attributed to the adiabatic compression and expansion of the air parcel. These structures have both warming and cooling effect of the order of ±6 K. A significant increase of ozone by 20% in post‐eclipse scenario between 29 and 32 km is observed over Cochin. Strong downdrafts of ∼−0.25 m s−1 are observed between 12 and 16 km during the eclipse event, which is attributed to the atmospheric compression due to the sudden cooling during the eclipse event. Due to the changes in thermal structure, the atmospheric circulation changes are observed in the meridional wind. During the maximum obscuration, there is a sudden decrease in near‐surface and boundary layer ozone by 12–15 ppbv. The present study reiterates that the eclipse‐induced perturbations depend on the local time of the eclipse event and place of observations. It is envisaged that the results discussed in the study will improve our understanding of the eclipse induced perturbations in the Earth's atmosphere.


Summary Background Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthralgia is a painful condition assumed to be associated with local inflammation. Objective The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy for reducing pain of a single‐dose intra‐articular (IA) injection of methylprednisolone to the TMJ. The hypothesis was that methylprednisolone would effectively reduce TMJ pain. Methods This randomised, double‐blind, parallel‐group, multicentre, controlled study included visits for enrolment, treatment and 4‐week follow‐up. The study included patients 18 years and older who had been diagnosed with unilateral TMJ arthralgia. All participants were randomly assigned to receive 1 mL IA injections of methylprednisolone or saline. The primary outcome was change in recorded pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at maximum jaw opening, analysed in the per protocol population. Results In total, 54 patients were randomly assigned to single‐dose IA injections with methylprednisolone (n = 27) or saline (n = 27). Between baseline and the 4‐week follow‐up, VAS‐rated pain intensity at maximum jaw opening decreased from a mean of 61.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50.1; 70.7) to 33.9 (95% CI: 21.6; 46.2) in the methylprednisolone group and from 59.6 (95% CI: 50.7; 65.9) to 33.9 (95% CI: 23.8; 43.9) in the saline group. The between‐group difference was not significant (P = 0.812). Treatment‐related adverse events were doubled in the methylprednisolone group. Conclusion Methylprednisolone provided no additional benefit for reducing pain, but caused more harm compared with saline following a single‐dose IA injection in patients with TMJ arthralgia.


In this paper we build a software to make its user more secure and ready to be rescued everywhere by combining three well famed SDK in android development platform which are Firebase, Node.js and Google map where a user is allowed to get rescue in any situation very easily. Especially the product is developed for an inspiration of women safety in this society where many inci-dents are happening which can be prevented easily if there will be some way of letting someone know about the current location of the individual. Although there is another inspiration behind the development of this product, the leading Chinese electronics company Xiaomi Corporation introduced "Emergency SOS" in their smartphones in their MIUI 10 update in the end of 2018 and this feature is only available for Xiaomi devices. This paper present details about the product "Se-cureIT" and how it can be helpful to its user.


The present invention provides a method for rapidly producing multivalent recombinant vaccine by using filamentous fungi release multinucleated cells and compositions. The invention requires the use of filamentous fungi release multinucleated cells generated from the combination of, two or more of the parent strain is a recombinant DNA molecule coding for an antigen derived from a pathogenic organism mutants introduced. The resulting vaccine is a multivalent (多 價). The release multinucleated cells (heterokaryon), multivalent recombinant vaccines


This article describes a program developed to support the participation of children with autism in a full-inclusion summer day camp program with their typically developing peers. The goal of the program was to support the children in inclusive summer recreational settings and specifically target their social development with typically developing peers. The program contained the following elements: recruiting appropriate aides, providing the aides with ongoing training and support, creating individualized social and behavioral goals for the campers, developing interventions that were contextually appropriate to the camp settings, and communicating with the families during their participation in the program. This article discusses the relevant child, family, agency, and community issues relevant to the implementation of this program.


The forecasting models are established respectively by adopt the traditional forecasting method,the multiple linear regressions,and the new methods,BP neural network and projection pursuit.The feasibility and practicality of forecasting models are studied by using the runoff data from August to December of Yichang station in Yangtze River.The study results show that the accuracy of the three forecasting models is within 20%,especially within 10% for the accuracy of the BP model,which has the better effect and certain practical value.


The wind power is a very important component of Chinese new energy strategy.In recent years,Chinese goverment put extremely huge inverstment on wind power generation unit for large-scale wind field of Inner Mongolia and so on.However,the characteristics of wind power generation unit itself result difficult problems in operation management,operation maintenance and personnel management,too dispersible and so on.On the basis of this,the article discusses these problems and analyzes the remote operation mode in wind power generation management application.


With escalating demands for higher throughput in data centers, on-chip optical-interconnects are attractive for parallel chip multiprocessors as they have higher bandwidth and lower power consumption than traditional copper electrical interconnects. This pave the way for silicon photonics in future mega data centers for connecting racks and servers. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is currently used beside other multiplexing techniques such as time, code and polarization multiplexing. However, due to the nonlinear effects, the capacity of the optical fiber is limited. Therefore, Mode division multiplexing is a promising technology for meeting future networking requirements, providing scalable bandwidth growth in data centers. This paper presents a mode division multiplexing system from helical-phased spot and donut modes in a MMF using a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array and a vortex lenses. Data transmission of 14Gbit/s through a 1km-long multimode fiber was numerically simulated.


We assemble 3524 quasars from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with repeated observations to search for variations of narrow C IV1548,1551 and Mg II2796,2803 absorption doublets in spectral regions shortward of 7000 Ang at the observed frame, which corresponds to time-scales of about 150 ~ 2643 days at quasar rest frame. In these quasar spectra, we detect 3580 C IV absorption systems with z_{abs} = 1.5188 ~ 3.5212, and 1809 Mg II absorption systems with z_{abs} = 0.3948 ~ 1.7167. In term of the absorber velocity (beta) distribution at quasar rest frame, we find a substantial number of C IV absorbers with beta 4sigma for lambda2796 lines and >3sigma for lambda2803 lines.


Using full-muffin-tin-orbital molecular-dynamics (FP-LMTO-MD) method,the geometric structures of Ga5As5 cluster ions and its structural distortion have been investigated in detail associated with the results of neutral Ga5As5 clusters. Their lowest energy structures are found and calculations suggest that they are related to the ground state structures of their corresponding neutral clusters but also exist structural distortion. Gallium atoms are on capped atom positions more easily than Arsenic atoms in the mixed GanAsn clusters.


I their meta-analysis of the efficacy of peginterferon alfa-2a (PEG-IFN-α2a) or alfa2b (PEG-IFN-α2b) and ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV), Alavian et al. (1), analyzing pooled data from 7 studies, conclude that PEG-IFNα2a (with similar safety) is more effective than PEGIFN-α2b. While PEG-IFN alfa-2b with ribavirin is generally considered as the treatment of choice for chronic HCV infection (2), the findings of this study sound at first like good news, especially since PEG-IFN alfa-2a is more cost-effective than PEGIFN alfa-2b (3); but we suggest that the findings of this study should be open to a more conservative interpretation. Because of the nature of meta-analysis, we cannot expect in the current article to consider all the major factors that may interfere or otherwise affect the efficacy or safety of PEG-IFNs. In Alavian's study, it was well demonstrated that PEG-IFN alfa-2a provides a higher virologic response than that of alfa2b. However, several factors that can interfere, such as insulin resistance, racial factors (Asian patients respond better to PEG-IFN, but there is a greater incidence of adverse events among them), gender effect (females respond better to therapy), in addition to some genetic factors, were not included in this analysis; moreover, the study would have been more informative if genotype 1 of HCV were analyzed separately, since this genotype represents the most resistant type of HCV infection. A higher prevalence of neutropenia among patients treating with PEG-IFN alfa-2a was another interesting finding of the previously mentioned meta-analysis. Here we raise a question about the logic behind the disparities found: Can these observations be explained by a dose-response effect? McHutchison et al. (4) in their study found that a higher dosage of PEG-IFN alfa-2b is associated with a higher percentage in sustained virologic response (SVR), while a lower dosage was associated with a substantial decrease in neutropenia and anemia. According to these findings, we might be able to simply conclude that administration of a higher dosage of PEG-IFN alfa-2b may result in a higher SVR rate as well as neutropenia, comparable to that of PEG-IFN alfa-2a.


Less common than the cylindrical, conical and polyhedral surfaces, conoid surfaces have started to be applied in constructions at the same time with the appearance of new materials and modern processes. Their study is important especially when we wish to create extraordinary esthetic forms. This paper presents the way in which such surfaces are generated, giving examples for right conoids. The paper uses the following methods: mathematics, epure construction and computer generation. It studies the intersection with various planes and in the end, it presents the most important applications.


A new species of chimaera, Chimaera bahamaensis sp. nov., is described from a single specimen collected in Bahamian waters, east of Andros Island, in the western North Atlantic. The new species is only the fourth member of this genus known to occur in the Atlantic Ocean. It is distinguished from other Atlantic Ocean Chimaera species by a combination of morphometric characters and coloration including a relatively large body, long pre-narial length, short pectoral-pelvic space, long pelvic-caudal space, caudal ventral margin ending slightly posterior to caudal dorsal margin, and a uniform caramel brown coloration with dark brown fins. This new species is compared to Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758, Chimaera cubana Howell-Rivero, 1936, and Chimaera cf. monstrosa, the only other species in the genus Chimaera known to occur in the Atlantic Ocean.


There is growing recognition of the important role that groundwater may have in buffering changes in river discharge due to increased melting of glaciers. Glacial deposits, particularly proglacial deposits and outwash plains can form significant aquifers and contain groundwater stores that are rarely quantified. In addition, interaction of basal melting of glaciers with groundwater can help to sustain flow through prolonged cold winters.

The multidisciplinary BGS observatory at Virkisjokull in Iceland provides an excellent opportunity to characterise and quantify glacial meltwaters and groundwater. Glacier meltwater has been measured since September 2011, and precipitation and temperature from weather stations at varying altitudes since September 2009. Meltwaters and groundwater in the proglacial environment have been sampled periodically and analysed for inorganic chemistry, CFC, SF6 and stable isotopes to help understand the origin and flow paths of meltwaters and groundwater. The proglacial deposits have been mapped and the permeability of targeted deposits characterised.

Initial findings show that the outwash plain provides a significant highly permeable aquifer, and is recharged locally from precipitation, with a growing influence of meltwater close to the meltwater channel. Shallow groundwater from snow melt within the catchment provides significant flow to the meltwater channels in spring, but in the prolonged winter, basal meltwater, possibly linked with sub glacial groundwater, helps to sustain flow in the meltwater channels. This initial study has led to the design of a more detailed experiment in the summer of 2012 involving the drilling and instrumentation of a targeted network of piezometers across the sandur and proglacial area.


Aiming at the limitations of existing solutions for network bottleneck caused by the gap between the network transmission capacity and the processing capability of the current Internet architecture, this paper presents a novel cloud routing protocol named LD-CR based on limited deflection mechanism. A router running this protocol logically separates data forwarding and processing, which could share cloud processing resources with other nodes by using extra bandwidth. This method could effectively alleviate single-node congestion by leverage of the capability of electronic processing and optical transmission capacity at the same node. Analysis and simulation results show the simple LD-CR protocol could improve network performance in packet loss rate and network throughput obviously compared with OSPF protocol. Meanwhile, this method could also avoid performance rapid deterioration under the condition of heavy traffic load by using traditional deflection routing technology.


The main purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the biological activities of pyrazole derivatives which contain the carbohydrazide moiety.


Preterm premature rupture of foetal membranes (PPROM) is associated with considerable perinatal morbidity and mortality and significant maternal morbidity .This case report highlights foetal hand prolapse as one of the possible complications during conservative management of PPROM.


Recent observations suggest that gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in core collapse supernova explosions (SNe). The result of the event, probably, is not just a compact object plus a spherical ejecta: within a day, a fraction of the parent star falls back to produce a thick accretion disk around the compact object. Instabilities in the disk induce a sudden collapse with ejection of jets of highly relativistic "cannonballs" of plasma in opposite directions, similar to those ejected by microquasars. The jet of cannonballs exit the supernova shell/ejecta reheated by their collision with it, emitting highly forward-collimated radiation which is Doppler shifted to γ-ray energy. Each cannonball corresponds to an individual pulse in a GRB. They decelerate by sweeping up the ionized interstellar matter in front of them, part of which is accelerated to cosmic-ray energies and emits synchrotron radiation: the afterglow. The Cannonball Model cannot predict ...


though I cannot say where I saw it) is so clearly preferable that the current rendering ought to be banished from editions. ' In praeeipiti' cannot mean ' a t its zenith.' Ground is not called 'praeceps' simply as being high : it is called so, when there is a sheer descent beiow. ' Praeceps' in such a case connotes the possibility of falling or rushing rapidly down. The phrase ' in praeeipiti' is always used, literally or figuratively, in this sense. The ' turris in praeeipiti stans' of Virg. A. 2, 460 stands 'on the edge ' of the palace roof and is sent toppling over. Seneca uses it figuratively in Ep. 23, 6, ' in praeeipiti voluptas : ad dolorem vergit, nisi modum teneat ' (i.e. you are easily precipitated from pleasure into pain) and Ep. 97, 10 non pronum euntibus tantum ad vitia, sed praeceps,' a passage which Juvenal, who is full of echoes of Seneca, no doubt had in his mind, for it is his own meaning in almost identical words. Petron. Sat. 55 has 'quamin praeeipiti ree humanae essent vario sermone garrimus,' and Tac. A. i, 30, 4, ' Caesar irritas leges, rem publieam in praeeipiti, conquestus.' So Hor. S. 2, 3, 293, ' casus medieusve levarit aegrum ex praeeipiti,' where Palmer notes ' in praeeipiti is a technical term used of the critical state of a sick person, Cels. 2, 6.' • Juvenal's meaning is therefore 'All vice stands on a sheer descent. Once start and you soon reach the bottom. We have already reached it, and our posterity can go no further.' ' Stetit ' must be a gnomic perfect, though I am unable to put my finger on another example of this in Juvenal : the examples in Weidner's grammatical index are more than doubtful. Prof. Palmer has proposed for other reasons to read ' omne in praeeipiti vitium est. eia ! utere velis.'


CMYK 281 cornerstone of the therapy for neurosarcoidosis. Steroid therapy is usually started at a high dose and after achieving a clinical response, the dose is gradually tapered. Alternative therapeutic agents are indicated in patients with steroid sideeffects or lack of response to treatment or in cases where steroids are contraindicated. These include cyclosporine, azathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine and radiation therapy. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been found to be effective in controlling neurosarcoidosis in patients who fail to respond to corticosteroids or develop serious side-effects, with no evidence of ocular toxicity during the treatment. Clinical manifestations are the best predictors of the course and prognosis in patients with neurosarcoidosis. Cranial neuropathies and aseptic meningitis carry the best prognosis with recovery in up to 90% of cases. Approximately 32% of the patients with neurosarcoidosis, especially those with cranial neuropathies, relapse after the initial neurological episode. Patients with parenchymal disease generally have a prolonged disease course with significant morbidity. Among the peripheral nervous system manifestations, polyradiculitis and acute myopathy tend to respond well to steroids compared to the slowly progressive peripheral neuropathy and myopathy.


Abstract 3509 Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) has become standard therapy for hematologic disorders and malignancies. We assessed whether overall survival (OS) at 100 days, which represents early transplant-related mortality (TRM), and at one year, which represents disease-related mortality and later TRM, had changed over time. The study population was derived from patients undergoing 38,060 first alloHCTs between 1994–2005 in US and Canadian centers and reported to the CIBMTR. Donor lymphocyte infusions were excluded. Statistical significance was measured using P trend over 6 time cohorts to test whether the OS estimates were stable (slope = 0), increasing (slope>0) or decreasing (slope a priori , and the OS estimates are not adjusted for any covariates such as age, Karnofsky status, etc. Marked improvements in 100-day survival were seen for all disease and disease status groups examined. Day 100 mortality rates in HLA-matched sibling alloHCT recipients during the most recent period (2004-5) were as low as 2% for CML treated in CP1, 6–8% for AML in CR1 and ALL in CR2, and a modest 12% for MDS. Even in alloHCT recipients with unrelated donors treated in 2004-5, the Day 100 mortality rates ranged from 9–22%, a significant decrease from historical mortality rates of 29–37%. Significant improvements in 1-year OS were noted for all groups undergoing unrelated-donor alloHCT; however, among those undergoing HLA-matched sibling alloHCT, significant improvements in 1-year OS were only seen in patients with CML in CP1 or MDS. OS has improved for many patients undergoing myeloablative alloHCT, which likely reflects improvement in supportive care and better patient/donor selection. Day 100 OS has significantly improved in all patients who received a myeloablative HLA-matched related or unrelated donor alloHCT. Significant improvement in 1-year OS was also experienced by most patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


To study the detonation energy output rule of composite charge structure with different explosives,ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to simulate the process of cylinder tests.If the insensitive explosive and high explosive are used as outer layer and inner layer respectively,the sensitivity of the charge can reduced,and the higher energy output can be gained.The corresponding relationship between the charge structure and the ratio dynamic energy was obtained.The dimension effect on the charge structure was discussed,and the empirical formula was proposed and fitted.The study offers reference for the energy prediction of actual charge.


When the corner radius ratio ρ is defined as 2r∕b (corner radius divided by half breadth of column), circular and sharp cornered square columns are just two special cases when ρ=1 and 0, respectively. It is quite logical that a confined concrete strength model for columns with a corner radius should degenerate into a model for circular and sharp cornered square columns when ρ=1 and 0, respectively. However, this is not the case in any of the existing models, except for the early one by Mirmiran et al. in 1998. Extensive experimental testing on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-confined concrete columns that have a continuous variation of ρ from 0 to 1 has been undertaken by the writers. Based on the experimental findings, a rational procedure is proposed for developing a unified strength model for FRP-confined concrete columns with an arbitrary corner radius. A comprehensive database has been established by collecting all of the available experimental results from the open literature for evaluation of the un...


This study aims to determine the occurrence of learning loss in the new normal era due to sudden changes in the online learning process for elementary school students in Jakarta. This study uses a case study qualitative research method to analyse the causes of learning loss in elementary school students. There are five research stages: test questions, observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were 30 grade IV elementary school students in Jakarta and one grade IV teacher. The results of this study stated that as many as 33.33% ofelementary school students did not experience learning loss, and as many as 66.67% of students experienced learning loss.


: Accounting information is known as the language of business as it is fundamental for record keeping, detailing and assessing events of economic values and exchanges that influence business endeavors. It forms all reports of a business money related execution from finance, cost, capital use and different commitments to deal income and proprietors' value. It gives money related data around ones business to the inner and outer clients, for example, directors, speculators and others. It is some of the time alluded to as a necessary chore, with the consummation being the choice that is helped by the accessibility of bookkeeping data (Arneld and Hope, 2009). The creation of choice, as everybody knows from individual experience is a difficult errand (Wada, 2006). Much of the time uncertainty is as awful as making a wrong one, in this manner an arrangement of activity is key. The management is always gone up against with the issue of elective basic leadership particularly realizing that assets are then again rare and constrained. It is hence relevant that great bookkeeping data be made accessible for legitimate and exact basic leadership, boost of benefit and ideal use of rare assets. Bookkeeping data isn't vital for assessment of the past and keeping the present on course; it is valuable in arranging the fate of the endeavor. Toward the finish of the spending time frame the outer outcomes are contrasted and planned execution and inconsistencies (change) are broke down for reasons for uncovering the causes to avoid re-event. Planning reveals potential bottlenecks before they happen facilitates the exercises of the whole organization by incorporating the plans and targets of different parts. The monetary allowance guarantees that the plans and targets of the parts are in consistency with the wide objectives of the organization.


-Wireless Ad-hoc Networks are susceptible to clone attacks or node replication attacks because they are deployed in hostile and unattended environments where they are deprived of physical protection, needed physical tamper-resistance of sensor nodes. Consequently, an attacker can simply capture and compromise sensor nodes after replicating them, he inserts arbitrary amount of clones/replicas into the network. If these clones are certainly not simply detected, an opponent might be further competent to mount lots of internal attacks which may emasculate various protocols and device applications. Certain solutions happen to be proposed inside the literature to address the problem of clone detection that is not satisfactory as they are afflicted by some serious drawbacks. With this paper we advise an Energy-Efficient Distributed Star Based Clone Detection (ESCD) protocol which includes observer selection for verification stage. Our protocol may also achieve better efficiency as well as it will become trustful system.


Agricultural irrigation depends heavily on freshwater resources. Under the context of increasingly severe water shortages, studying the relationship among crop water requirements (ETc), actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa), irrigation water requirements (Ir), yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) would be beneficial to improve the agricultural application of irrigation water. Based on the daily data of 26 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1960 to 2015, this study used the calibrated AquaCrop model to calculate the ETc, ETa, Ir, and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in different hydrological years (extremely dry years, dry years, normal years, and wet years) along with WUE to evaluate the mass of yield produced per unit mass of crop evapotranspiration (ET) under rainfed and irrigated scenarios. The results showed that ETc and ETa decreased first and then increased from the west to the east during the four types of hydrological years. Ir exhibited a decreasing trend from the west to the east. Compared with the irrigation scenario, the rainfed scenario's average yield only decreased by 2.18, 0.55, 0.03, and 0.05 ton/ha, while the WUE increased by 0.32, 0.4, 0.33, and 0.21 kg/m3 in the extremely dry years, dry years, normal years, and wet years, respectively. The results indicated that in the normal and wet years, the WUE was high in the central regions, and irrigation did not significantly increase yield; further, we determined that irrigation should not be considered in these two hydrological years in Heilongjiang Province. In the extremely dry and dry years, irrigation was necessary because it increased the yield, even though the WUE decreased. This study provides a theoretical basis for studying the regional irrigation schedule in Heilongjiang Province.


Linguistic analysis carried out showed that the guilt and shame are words inherited from proto-language, about the parallel development. Their common trend in the field of semantics was the transition from the concrete to the abstract and the consequent disappearance of meanings specific. It is also blurred the boundary between these words of Polish general and specialized terms in the field of ethics. Both words occupy a permanent place in the Polish language system, as evidenced by numerous relationships of expression, phraseology, antonymic. Linguistic picture of guilt and shame encourages individual attempts to interpret it. The Catholic Church issue of guilt and shame associated with sin and moral disorder. First of all, it draws attention to the sin of disobedience and pride as a source of human guilt and shame and even guilt. We recommend moderation, which is a moral virtue, to achieve harmony allowing internal and avoid guilt and shame.


Currently, cancer is the primary cause of death and 50% of cancer patients are incurable by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, immunotherpy is interested as the fourth remedy. Biological response modifier (BRM), such as organometallic compounds, glycoproteins, polysaccharides and oth...


informationdisplay.org | 2021 January/February Silviu Pala has been chairman of SID's Metro Detroit Chapter since 1998 and of the SAE Vehicle Flat Panel Display (VFPD) group since 1999. He is the co-general program chair of SID's Annual Symposium on Vehicle Displays and Interfaces. A former director of technology planning at DENSO International America, Pala holds 30 patents. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com. INFORMATION DISPLAY LAST INCLUDED A special automotive display theme in its July/August 2020 issue. At the time, I and others from SID's Metro Detroit Chapter were organizing our 27th Annual Vehicle Displays and Interfaces Symposium (vehicledisplay.org), which, under the circumstances, of the coronavirus pandemic was reimagined as an online event. In this issue and the March/April 2021 issue, we revisit the symposium with an exploration of some of its most compelling points by Kyle Davis, a senior data analyst at IHS Markit, and two exciting articles on head-up displays (HUDs) that were selected as best papers by the symposium session chairs. The first, "Investigating Human Perception Studies for Head-Up Display Ghosting," by Steve Pankratz, William Diepholz, and John Vanderlofske of 3M, covers a topic that is growing in importance because of the increase in vehicles with large multi-color (or full color) HUDs. SAE International most recently addressed ghosting in its automotive HUD standard SAE J1757-2, published in November 2018.1 The second article will appear in the March/April 2021 issue. "Holographic Optical Elements and Projector Design Considerations for Automotive Windshield Displays" by Sam Martin and Jason Thompson of Texas Instruments and Ian Redmond of Ceres Holographics offers a market overview of HOE automotive applications and performance and projector design considerations when illuminating holographic films. The specially designed films are inserted or attached to the windshield or combiner to allow information to be displayed. As long as vehicles are not fully automated (Level 5 of the six levels of driving automation SAE outlines in its J3016 standard), critical information needs to be legible and easy to comprehend so that the driver's attention remains fixed on the road. The windshield HUD (wHUD) or combiner HUD (cHUD), paired with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), is a darling of the automotive safety world because it allows for quicker reaction times to visual information (see "Turning Automotive Windows into the Ultimate HMIs" in the July/ August 2020 issue). However, that advantage comes with significant engineering disadvantages, including ghost images in the windshield, high ambient lighting and temperatures because of sun exposure, and the high cost of an HUD option. Nonetheless, because of the increase in the HUD's displayed image and, therefore, the increase in the by Silviu Pala GUEST EDITORIAL


A process for preparing a linear anionic polyelectrolyte, branched or crosslinked from the 2-methyl-2 - [(1-oxo-2-propenyl) amino] -1-propanesulfonic acid free, partially salified or totally salified in the form of sodium salt of at least one neutral monomer, and optionally at least one monomer of formula (I): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, R represents an alkyl radical containing from eight to thirty carbon atoms and n represents a number greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to fifty, said method comprising the following steps: a step a) of mixing all the monomers and, if any of the crosslinking agent and / or other additives in an organic solvent, selected from, selected from propane-2-one, butan-2-one, pentan-2-one, 3-methyl butan-2-one, 3-ethyl pentane-20 -one or 4-methyl pentan-2-one; A step b) during which the polymerization reaction is initiated by introduction into the dispersion prepared in step a), of a free radical initiator, allowed to proceed to its conclusion. Using said polyelectrolyte as a thickener and / or stabilizer and / or emulsifier, a cosmetic topical composition, dermopharmaceutical or pharmaceutical composition. topical cosmetic, dermopharmaceutical or pharmaceutical composition comprising.


Abstract Alpha-quartz single crystals, which have been irradiated with gamma rays and with fast neutrons are studied with positron annihilation techniques. The annihilation spectra are independent of the gamma-ray dose the samples received (≤1 × 1011 rad). The neutron irradiated samples show spectra, evolving with increasing dose but saturating at about 8×l019 n/cm2. The saturation behaviour indicates its relation with the amorphization of the samples. The long-lived components, of the three-component analyses of the lifetime spectra, are longer for the heavily neutron irradiated samples than for unirradiated vitreous silica.


A questionnaire to assess various elements of public attitudes towards the mentally ill was given to 108 subjects. 5 hypotheses were tested. 1. Public attitudes towards mental illness are more rejecting than accepting. 2. Social rejection increases with increasing severity of disturbance in behaviour. 3. Public attitudes towards the mentally ill are related to social class as measured by occupational status and to age of the respondent. 4. Rejection of the mentally ill is decreased by the availability of a non-deviant alternative label. 5. Attitudes of the general population towards the mentally ill will be influenced by the label of mental illness as well as by behaviour indicative of mental illness. All the hypotheses were confirmed with one exception — negative public attitudes were not found to be related to social class as measured by occupational status. Public attitudes towards the mentally ill are more diverse than previous research would imply. Possible future research directions are discussed.


Eosinophilic peritonitis is either a benign, self limited process observed early during the course of CAPD, or is seen during certain types of peritonitis, mainly fungal, or in association with certain drugs (1-3). In this paper, we describe a patient with early onset eosinophilic peritonitis, which may be associated with antibiotics, and we discuss the usefulness of the druginduced lymphocyte transformation test.


Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) innovators lag behind their non-HBCU counterparts in the commercialization of innovations as they were originally set up as teaching and blue-collar trade institutions. There exists a strong need for education and training to bridge this gap by promoting the commercialization of innovations in HBCUs and thus transform next-generation HBCU innovators into entrepreneurs. HBCUs are promoting entrepreneurial education and mindset via changes in engineering education programs and curriculums. Several federally funded programs like the National Science Foundation (NSF) Center of Research Excellence in Science and Technology (CREST) Center for Nanotechnology Research Excellence (CNRE) are promoting innovation and intellectual property generation at HBCUs. NSF I-Corps Program supports the education and training of innovators about the commercialization of mature or patented innovations at HBCUs. The NSF I-Corps Introduction to Customer Discovery explores strategies in identifying key customer segments through extensive customer interviews, which is a fundamental step in the commercialization process. This paper discusses our educational experience in the customer discovery process for Pumpless Solar Thermal Air Heater (Patent Number 10775058). To learn about prospective customers' attitudes and perceptions of the innovation, we conducted 30 interviews with potential customers (end users). Our innovation is focused on providing portable, cost-effective, healthy, and environmentally friendly space heating solutions. We tested several hypotheses about the value proposition of our innovation during interviews to explore the market segments for potential commercialization. During the Customer Discovery process, we came to know about new issues such as health issues caused by the dry air in winter. We also learned that mitigation of problems due to the current heating system required a humidifier to reduce health issues that added additional cost. Based on our interviews our innovation is suitable for customers needing: (i) Heating source mitigating health issues, (ii) add-on technology to reduce their heating bills. Our next step is to pursue market segments for our innovation. We plan to utilize the current experience of commercialization of intellectual property to develop training modules for the MECH 302 Undergraduate Research Experience and MECH 500 Research Methods and Technical Communication courses offered under the mechanical engineering program at the University of the District of Columbia (UDC).


Coastal zone resource is valuable due to its scarcity and usefulness.Reclamation have caused environmental function degradation,which brings the value loss or environmental cost.Taking Jiaozhou Bay area as an field survey,this paper conducts the Contingent Valuation Method,,estimates the local people's willingness to pay to restore environmental function from reclamation by using Tobit model.The paper works out that the environmental cost from reclamation in the Jiaozhou Bay is RMB 56yuan/ m2.The conclusion can be considered as value compensation of reclamation in Jiaozhou Bay for policy maker.


An adult Symphimus leucostomus Cope, 1869, was found 2 km N of the village La Cofradia, in the Municipality of San Pedro Mixtepec, state of Oaxaca, Mexico. This record represents the southernmost location of the species, and fills a gap between reported localities in southeastern Oaxaca in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and the mouth of the Balsas River in the state of Michoacan.


This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of angiographic embolization after endoscopic metallic clip placement around the edge of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding ulcers. Materials and Methods: We have chosen 41 patients (mean age, 65.2 years) with acute bleeding ulcers (22 gastric ulcers, 16 duodenal ulcers, 3 malignant ulcers) between January 2010 and December 2012. We inserted metallic clips during the routine endoscopic treatments of the bleeding ulcers. Subsequent transcatheter arterial embolization was performed within 2 hours. We analyzed the angiographic positive rates, angiographic success rates and clinical success rates. Results: Among the 41 patients during the angiography, 19 patients (46%) demonstrated active bleeding points. Both groups underwent embolization using microcoils, N-butyl-cyano-acrylate (NBCA), microcoils with NBCA or gelfoam particle. There are no statistically significant differences between these two groups according to which embolic materials are being used. The bleeding was initially stopped in all patients, except the two who experienced technical failures. Seven patients experienced repeated episodes of bleeding within two weeks. Among them, 4 patients were successful re-embolized. Another 3 patients underwent gastrectomy. Overall, clinical success was achieved in 36 of 41 (87.8%) patients. Conclusion: The endoscopic metallic clip placement was helpful to locate the correct target vessels for the angiographic embolization. In conclusion, this technique reduced re-bleeding rates, especially in patients who do not show active bleeding points. Index terms Gastrointestinal Bleeding Embolization Angiography Nonvariceal Usefulness of Angiographic Embolization after Endoscopic Metallic Clip Placement in Patient with Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding 비정맥류성 급성 상부위장관 출혈 환자에서 내시경적 금속클립을 참조한 혈관 색전술의 유용성


El e c t r o m a g n e t i c radiation from coated circular cylinders with an axial slot is a traditional topic in wave theory. In the literature, numerous studies have previously examined the field characteristics from such structures. Investigations about the radiated field when two axial slots of arbitrary size and position exist are yet not considered. A method was explained for determining the radiation patterns of an axial slot antenna on the surface of a metallic circular cylinder (Sinclair, 1948 [7]). For a slot of arbitrary shape an expression was derived for the external generated field. The far field was obtained by applying the method of steepest decent to the Fourier integrals in the solution (Silver and Saunders, 1950 [6]). Also, the radiation patterns of an axial slot in a dielectric coated circular cylinder were obtained with several comparisons to experimental results (Hurd, 1956 [3]).In addition, the fields produced by an arbitrary slot on a circular cylinder with a cocentric dielectric coating were reached. The far zone expressions were developed using a saddle–point method applied to the derived integrals (Wait and Mientka, 1957 [8]). In this article, the TM field is investigated for two small axial slots in a thin circular cylinder coated with a lossless dielectric substance as shown in Figure 1. The cylinder is assumed to be a perfect electric conductor with radius a and with infinite extent along the z–axis. Two slots are axially cut on the surface of the cylinder with an angular opening of 2θ1 and 2θ2 located at φ = φ1 and φ2 respectively with respect to the φ–coordinate. Free space with permittivity ε0 and permeability μ0 is assumed region II. Also, the dielectric layer is assumed region I with radius b and characterized by ε and μ respectively. The dielectric material is assumed linear, homogenous and isotropic. This article proposes an additional slot to the circular cylinder with arbitrary size and position which can be implemented to have different field patterns than the single slotted This paper provides an analysis of an axial slot antenna with two arbitrarily positioned slots, which might be used for Smart Antennas and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems


The Companies Act is considered to be the most basic legislation which regulates the way business activities are to be conducted in this Country. The provisions are expected to be clear and unambiguous so as to ensure the ease of doing business. However, the Companies Act, 2013 was far off the mark. The Act, consisting of 470 Sections, was brought into force in two phases- one in September, 2013 and the other in April, 2014. As a result of this hurried implementation, several loopholes and ambiguities in the Act were left unattended. This created several interpretational and operational difficulties in the corporate sector.


Background. A Head Mounted Display (HMD) is unlike all other displays fixed to the head, making eye movements the sole option to scan the display. While the largest saccades easily exceed 50 deg (Collewijn et al., 1988), naturally occurring saccades typically stay within 15 degrees (Adler & Stark, 1975). While attractive for many applications, a HMD also forms a liability: large-FoV HMDs are known to cause eye-strain (Kooi, 1997) and the rate of information uptake is expected to decrease towards the edges. Methods. We measured the ability of 12 subjects to quickly determine the orientation (⊤ vs ⊥) of a target T surrounded by 4 randomly oriented (up, down, left, right) flanker T's as a function of 1) target-flanker spacing or 'crowding' (small / medium/large), 2) flanker polarity, and 3) eccentricity (15/30/45 deg). The one-hour test was repeated in reverse order after a 15 min break. Visual comfort was assessed with questionnaires. Results. Reaction time increased with crowding, symbol eccentricity, and decreased with opposite target-flanker polarity (all p values < 0.001). Contrary to our expectations, reaction time decreased after the break, suggesting saccadic motility improves over time (Parsons & Ivry, 2018). Eye strain showed a small increase with eccentricity (p < 0.037). Conclusions. These results confirm that ocular motility appears to be trainable. The dynamics of HMD information uptake resembles Fitts' law. Practical implications. Initial training reduces eye strain. Combined with the ocular motility data from the references, a 30 deg Field-of-View is a compromise between maximal overall symbology uptake and minimal eye strain.


This article presents some contributions to programs of English for Special Purposes from the perspective of recent theories of literacies as a possibility to expand the participants' critical-interpretive capacity. Through reconciling English for Special purposes with emphasis on critical literacies, a community course entitled ESP workshop: readings for the present-future in contemporary world in the language course at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul was offered. This course focused on the participants' meaning making through multimodal language, critical reflections upon complex cultural diversity and awareness of the fact that language is also a phenomenon that generates social practices and mobility.


Received July 18, 2012 / Accepted August 30, 2012ABSTRACT: This study aims to investigate basic requirements for adopting the Building Information Modeling(BIM) technology to management of civil infrastructures. The state of the art on BIM guidelines developed major countries was investigated, and a common framework of the guideline contents was built in order to categorize the requirements. In addition, it was investigated that the point of view on the facility management in the BIM guidelines showed different from the traditional civil infrastructure domain. On the basis of the investigation results, this paper proposed the core requirements categorized into three respects: development of applicatio n models, standardization, modification of regulations.KEYWORDS: BIM, Civil infrastructure, Management, Guidelines요 약: 본 연구는 토목분야 사회기반시설물의 유지관리체계에 BIM 기술을 도입하기 위해 필요한 사항을 도출하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 국내외 BIM 가이드라인 현황을 조사하였으며, 각 가이드라인에서 언급된 내용의 유사성을 기준으로 건축분야에서 다루는 BM 가이드라인에 대한 공통의 프레임워크를 도출하여 토목분야에서 준비가 필요한 항목들을 분류하였다. 또한 건축분야 BIM 가이드라인에서 언급된 시설물 유지관리에 관한 관점과 토목분야 시설물 유지관리에 관한 관점을 상호 비교하였다. 이러한 분석 내용을 바탕으로 토목분야 사회기반시설물 유지관리에 BIM 기술을 도입하기 전 준비되어야 하는 사항을 응용모델의 발굴, 표준화, 그리고 제도정비로 구분하여 제시하였다.키워드: BIM, 사회기반시설, 유지관리, 가이드라인


David Lan's production of As You Like It evoked the Ardennes with a continental setting. The chic costuming and striking design (Richard Hudson) complemented stylized performances, where the sheep and goats were personified with umbrella-handle-horns, and a storm began after a single figure mimed the instruction to ''Blow, blow, thou winter wind'' (2.7.175). However, the opening dialogue between Orlando (Dominic West) and Adam (David Killick) was emphatically realistic. Orlando's flat vowels and slow speech enhanced the significance of the wine bottle in his hand. His physicalization of the ''hogs'' (1.1.35) made clear his aggressive antipathy towards Oliver (Andrew Woodall). Orlando's approach to the wrestling match was invested with a seriousness that disconcerted a light-hearted and jovial Charles (Andrew French). The trained fighter flexed his muscles and arrogantly underestimated the unprepossessing figure of a shambling, bespectacled Orlando wearing an old leather scrum-cap. The latter's perseverance and determination disconcerted Charles sufficiently to cause the fight to spill off the front of the stage into the stalls. The constriction imposed by the court was made clear and the depth of the performing space would double when Rosalind (Helen McCrory) and Celia (Sienna Miller) moved to find ''liberty'' (1.3.137) in the forest. The two female socialites discarded their smoking, wine-sipping and furwearing sophistication to act less self-consciously and more practically within the forest. The close environment of the court expanded to reveal what seemed to be the brick wall at the back of the stage, and small green shoots sprouted on all three sides. The notion of potential growth in the forest was realized powerfully through the prominence of literature and music in this ''golden world'' (1.1.113). A copy of the Arden text, a double bass and a cello had been onstage, even before the audience entered. Duke Senior (Clive Rowe) conducted the musicians (piano, double bass, cello, flute and accordion) and the singers


The two years old seedlings of 34 plus trees families from four provenance of Chongqing and Zhejiang Qiandao Lake were studied on seedling propagation,the variation of seedling performance among families and provenances were analized. The result showed that there were extremely significant differences both in seedling height and ground diameter among families and provenances. The variation coefficient of seedling height among families were 11. 37% and 18. 89%, the variation coefficient of ground diameter among provenance were 7. 25% and 12. 58% respectly. It showed that the seedling height and ground diameter have good selecting and breeding potentiality among families and provenances for their abundant variation. After statistically analyzing, Five fast-growing improved families in seedling period were screened out based on selecting rate of 15%,those were Feng 05、Feng 03、Feng 04、Feng 01 and Zhong 13. The average seedling height and ground diameter of Five fast-growing improved families were 79. 04 cm and 9. 99 mm respectly, which was larger than the average seedling height and ground diameter of 34 families 15. 43% and 31. 37%,and larger than control 19. 94% and 49. 15%.


The distributed ledger or blockchain technologies originated from the Bitcoin have been rapidly widespread in recent years. However, it also gives incentive to malicious users who would like to break the system or take advantage of it (steal money, hide some information stored in the ledger, isolate a particular node from the rest of the network, and so forth). Thus, research focusing on overcoming potential attacks to distributed ledgers is required. In this article, we focus on attacks that damage underlying networks of distributed ledgers. Underlying networks offer useful communication primitives such as an atomic broadcast, however, such attacks may degrade the property of the primitives and make distributed ledgers relying on the primitives no longer work. Hence we should design algorithms to make the distributed ledgers still work even when some attacks degrade the primitives. As the first study for such situations, we consider a problem to implement distributed ledgers tolerating the degradation of an underlying atomic broadcast service that distributed ledgers are relying on. We consider the case where the uniform agreement property of the atomic broadcast is degraded, and propose new algorithms that could ensure to reach eventual consistency despite degraded atomic broadcast.


The digital/electronic document management system (DDMS/EDMS) is a green movement. The implementation of DDMS is absent in some Malaysian public universities especially when focusing on teaching records for auditing purposes. The objective of the present study is to rectify this gap through unfolding the nature, attitude, and acceptance of Malaysian educators towards teaching portfolio (TP) reporting using DDMS. The problem here is the readiness in work shift, along with the technical and facilities supports from the institutions. An adapted questionnaire was distributed to random Malaysian tertiary educators. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used in the analysis process. Findings suggest that the implementation of an electronic version of TP is feasible for Malaysian tertiary educators with more positive than negative impacts. The present study is, therefore concluded with an innovative working model of this digital/electronic teaching portfolio (e-TP) and a users' scope of e-TP.


Presentation given by V. Mannar (Micronutrient Initiative), D. Nostbakken and A. Campeau (WETV) on how to attract funds from the private sector and on the challenges of managing multi-donor consortia


Chicken skin is a source of animal protein hydrolysate, which has a potential as an antioxidant. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of the enzyme papain on the degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant capacity, percentage of reducing power (%RP) and amino acid composition of chicken skin protein hydrolysate. Hydrolysis was carried out using papain with various concentrations (3%, 4% and 5%, w/w protein substrate) at pH 7 and 50℃ for 6 h. The degree of hydrolysis was determined by spectrophotometry. Antioxidant capacity and %RP was determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power method and expressed in milligram of ascorbic acid equivalent per gram of sample, and amino acid composition were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that variations in papain concentration had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant capacity and %RP of chicken skin hydrolysate. The papain concentration of 4% resulted in the optimum protein hydrolysate with a degree of hydrolysis of 61.68%±0.64%, an antioxidant capacity of 8.72±0.30 mg AA/g sample and a %RP of 54.12%±1.78%. The protein hydrolysates of the treated chicken skin showed a high content of amino acids, namely, glycine, glutamate, proline, arginine and aspartate.


The architecture of P2P network is one of the most important factors that affect the expansibility,the security,the efficiency of resource-locations,and the network-using rate of the P2P network.According to whether there is a central server or not,the architecture of P2P network can be classified into the centralized network and the non-centralized network,either of which has its advantages as well as disadvantages.In order to overcome the disadvantages of the architecture of the existing P2P network,the authors brought forward a topic-relative architecture of P2P network,discussed the correlative technical issues about the network architecture of P2P network,then analyzed the algorithms of building and finding the network's resources and finally gave some examples to illustrate this network.


The ecological restoration of degraded and constructed environments has usually aimed at reducing onsite (e.g. decline of soil quality) and off-site effects (e.g. contamination of water downstream) and to avoid irreversible situations were ecological succession is arrested. However, with the recent rise of ecosystem service theory and the attempts to quantify these services, there has been a change in the paradigm of restoration ecology in recent years. Restoration ecology can now benefit from the ecosystem services framework and aim to incorporate the maximization of these ecosystem services into projects. Here, we aimed to study the ecosystem services related to soil processes provided by 12 different species regularly used for restoration in the south of France. We studied the soil characteristics and root traits of these 12 species. Each species was grown from seed in a monoculture in 72 inclined steel boxes (0.7 x 0.7 x 0.3 m) and every monoculture was replicated six times with additional six control (bare soil) boxes. Three replicate boxes were used for soil and root sampling and three were equipped with rhizotrons (PVC windows to observe root growth). Every 4 months, root physical properties were assessed and aggregate stability tests were performed. Additionally, rainfall simulations were performed at two vegetation stages (seedling and mature) and before and after cutting the aerial biomass (to disentangle the effects of above- and belowground biomass and to relate results to root traits).
Runoff and sediments were also collected after each natural rainfall event. Results showed that species from the Fabaceae family were more efficient at controlling erosion and increasing infiltration rates compared to members of the Poaceae family. However, no significant effect of species or family was found regarding soil aggregate stability during the study period. Our results suggest that erosion and infiltration processes are influenced by plant biomass and traits in the short term, whilst the development of soil aggregate stability is a longer-term process. Therefore, we suggest that herbaceous species of the Fabaceae family have a major potential for rapidlyimproving soil structure on road embankments compared to Poaceae family. A longer-term experiment is now being performed to study the effects of vegetation on soil aggregate stability


The model and change rule the technical innovation diffusion process has been approached by means of calculus method,revealed the dynamic characteristics of the change rule of the innovation diffusion.Based on the diffusion model,the diffusion and application of RP has been researched and the diffusion model of RP has been built.With this model we can estimate the application of the diffusion of RP technology,and gain the scientific decisions which provide us with consultant value.


Mercury in water samples was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after the preconcentration of Hg(II) on a gold working electrode in a flow system coupled on-line to the AAS instru- ment. The porous electrode is made of glassy carbon particles coated with gold. Tap, river, and wastewater samples were analyzed using this method. The method enables us to determine Hg in the concentration range of 0.05 to 60 μg·dm -3 .


This an editorial of the Special Issue entitled: "Matchmaking for open innovation: interaction rather than transaction" that was guest edited by Holzmann, Sailer, Galbraith and Katzy.This special issue is the third part of a trilogy of special issues that have been guest edited by Brendan Galbraith on the broad theme of innovation intermediaries. In this editorial, the authors present matchmaking an interdisciplinary field and propose a matchmaking theoretical perspective based on interaction and collaboration.


Increasing competitiveness in MSMEs must be gradual, meaning increasing competitiveness begins with efforts to win the competition. To find out the various conditions of MSME competitiveness, it is necessary to have a form of continuous development, in order to improve the standard of living for MSMEs in the country. The orientation and focus of empowering MSMEs need to be improved, such empowerment includes providing easy access to company functions and providing supporting facilitation, so that MSMEs are truly able to apply the general rules that apply in the economy in a consistent and consistent and effective manner. One effort that can be done is to conduct a strong business network. Business Network is one of the important factors in the UMKM business to increase economies of scale, manage business efficiently and expand market share. MSMEs that have a strong business network will be the capital to be able to carry out their operations effectively and efficiently, so that the business network can also become a capital for company competitiveness.


Infrared (IR) spectroscopy depicts molecular structure and dynamics based on vibrational absorption of chemical bonds. Spatially resolved IR spectroscopy, i.e. IR imaging, further enabled label-free in situ chemical imaging for dynamics in complex systems. However, IR imaging suffers from low spatial resolution at a few micrometers due to diffraction limit, thus having difficulty in applications such as sub-cellular imaging. Recently, by visible light probing of the photothermal effect of vibrational absorption, mid-infrared photothermal imaging (MIP) overcomes the limitations of conventional IR microscopy and has achieved sub-micron resolution. In this work, we built an optimized MIP system to boost the spatial resolution and sensitivity, and demonstrated MIP imaging of nanometer-sized polymeric microspheres and living cells with a high spatial resolution of 200 nm.


In this article, a linear switched active disturbance rejection controller (LSADRC) is proposed for the speed and voltage control of the permanent magnet starter/generator (PMS/G). Different from the existing works, a type of linear switched extended state observer (LSESO) is newly introduced. The observer gains of the LSESO are not fixed anymore but adaptively changed with the value of the system state. First, the relationships are analyzed between the observer bandwidth and the control performance. Then, the whole working process is divided into three regions by the value of the system state and the switching regulations are designed. Furthermore, the stability conditions are derived for the switched error system with an ensured ${\mathcal {L}}_{2}$ gain. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in the 5.5-kW PMS/G platform. The results illustrate the LSADRC can both achieve the smoothness of the control signal and robustness of the PMS/G system.


This paper explores the function of fantasy in the work of Judith Butler and, more specifically, fantasy in relation to her thinking on identity, the category of the human, and kinship with the view to situate Butler's encouragement of resignification as a means of instituting political change.


In order to make up the deficiencies in analytical methods of transportation corridor,a quantitative identification method for transportation corridor was proposed based on the OD distribution with " zonal distribution "," passenger and cargo flow-concentration" and other characteristics of transportation corridor. This method firstly used graph theory to identify all the abstract ribbon paths in the OD distribution map,and selected a largest OD path or more paths combined with the OD matrix,then,through the industrial axis,urban axis,as well as transport axis,the transportation corridor was determined. Finally,the method was used to identify the transportation corridors of Zhumadian city. The result showed that the method was reliable,scientific and rational.


Audiovisual technologies, as the actual horizon in multimediality, are able to test new possibilities for logical structures. Every medium in its working produces a specific movement recognizable as endowed with sense. Image-Sound as a specification of Deleuze's ideas relating to the cinema speaks about the whole of conscience experiencing in motion-pictures through the sound.


The long-term electromagnetic field (EMF) monitoring has become an imperative task in modern EMF investigation, particularly in areas of increased sensitivity to EMF exposure. Such kind of monitoring can provide valuable information on EMF variability, as well as some additional, hidden, knowledge from its continuous measurement data series. This paper will present an approach of the EMF behavior extraction from the measurement results, based on the averaging over time. The case study of the five-year monitoring period was analyzed, in which data seta was acquired by the sensor of the Serbian EMF RATEL monitoring network, in the University of Novi Sad (UNS) campus.


This paper describes a computer aided consulting environment that uses business patterns, best practices, inferences, and collaboration to recommend IT solutions for the modern SMBs (Small to Medium Businesses). This environment consists of a set of intelligent advisors that collaborate with each other in a fashion similar to a team of consultants to help a user walk through an extensive array of IT choices that include application planning, computer platform planning, network planning, and security planning.


Hypercoagulability and endothelial dysfunction are hallmarks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and appear to predict disease severity. A high incidence of thrombosis despite thromboprophylaxis is reported in patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19. Recent randomized clinical trials suggest that therapeutic‐intensity heparin confers a survival benefit in moderate‐severity COVID‐19 compared to standard‐intensity heparin, potentially by harnessing heparin‐mediated endothelial‐stabilizing and anti‐inflammatory effects.


Society seems to be preoccupied with trying to predict the future, but pays less attention to solving existing problems. This article identifies current problems in the field of blindness and in society in general that act as barriers to improved and expanded services and opportunities for blind and visually impaired people and their families. The author asserts that the field would benefit from looking at the country's pioneer ancestors to solve current problems and that the attitudes of the general population are the new frontier on which the field should focus.


Multi-sensor information fusion technology is a leading training analysis technology at present. Multi-sensor training monitoring can avoid limitation of single sensor,acquire more training information,and prove accuracy of training monitoring. This study developed canoeing training fusion analysis system which can collect video information of paddle-frequency,score,personal ability by the methods of systematic analysis,and multi-source information fusion. On this basis,this paper analyzed this system's method,strategy and application and used it in national canoeing team. The result showed that multi-sensor canoeing information fusion analysis system can solve the usage of training information,improve training prediction accuracy,and benefit the sharing and usage of training information. The system also can improve training monitoring level.


We propose high precision electron-induced nuclear experiments on oxygen and carbon that will allow a complete study of the electromagnetic properties of light nuclei. The cross-sections measured at carefully chosen kinematic points at various energy and momentum transfers in both quasi-elastic and delta resonance regimes, will shed light on all the key components of the electron-nucleus interaction. In the nuclear physics community such data are much-awaited and are crucially needed to answer fundamental questions about the nuclear structure, like quenching of the Coulomb sum rule, and to improve the available theoretical models. Furthermore, the experimental results will provide a vital new input to deficient existing models of nuclear structure and dynamics, currently employed to interpret signals detected in accelerator-based neutrino experiments.


TEXTBOOKS will be sold in the Commons (Richardson Hall) from Mon-day, September 16, thru Saturday, Sep-tember 28. The hours will be 9:00 a.m. to 7 p.m. for these two weeks only on Monday thru Friday. For your convenience and safety, please read the Title, Author and Course Number carefully. A Booklist is posted for your convenience. Refunds will be made from Octo-ber 1 to October 12 only. After this date you will not be able to obtain a full refund. Supplies and University Novelties are available in the Coop proper. Regular hours are 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. A photo service is available at a \0 n ' discount. A large selection of paperback books are available as well as some hard cover books. You may special order any book. Also for your convenience , student rate magazine subscriptions are available in the Book Department. A check cashing service is available in the Coop Office at !0C per check. Hours are 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon and 1:00 p.m. to '1p.m. New York Times subscriptions are available lor the first tew weeks only. Please feel free to conic in and browse. We look forward to the pleasure of having the opportunity to be of service. This is your bookstore. Assistant to the President "A thing of beauty is a joy forever ...." The completely new campus of State University of New York at Albany will not only be a ''thing of beauty" but also the result of planning for the future, in that enough acreage has been acquired for future expansion of the University facilities to encompass the ever-increasing enrollment of students from all over the State. The 301 acres already purchased from the Albany Country Club, on the western outskirts of Albany is easily accessible from all parts of the State, due to the proximity of the New York State Thruway and the Northway, where the exits of these highways are right across the road from the University campus. The erection of the Service buildings and the first Dormitory are now in process and the start of the academic complex is expected (his summer.torium Theater and Music Building will be centralized on one podium. Three stories will lie above ground and one below, so that corridors can be used to go from one building to another, without fear of inclement weather. The Freshman class entering in 1903 will have …


The combustion characteristics of thermite green-compact and centrifugal-SHS is investigated from the point of view of thermodynamics and kinetics. It is shown that mixing procedure alters the properties and granule structure of thermite so that influences its exothermic reaction and flaming mode and, subsequently, influences green-compact and centrifugal-SHS ignition and combustion processes.


We have developed an advanced data assimilation system for a global ozone simulation model with a four-dimensional ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). Satellite-measured total column ozone data known as EP/TOMS version 8 were assimilated. Two-month data assimilation cycle experiments were performed from January to February 2001 with three different observing density settings: i) full use of EP/TOMS data points, ii) reduced use of the data points at 1/10, and iii) reduced use of the data points at 1/100. For comparison, additional data assimilation experiments were performed with Newtonian relaxation or a nudging technique. In the case of full use of EP/TOMS data points, the EnKF outperformed the nudging technique by approximately 30% in terms of the root mean square difference in the northern hemisphere midlatitudes. Moreover, the reduced use of EP/TOMS data points demonstrated that the EnKF data assimilation was robust and stable, while the nudging technique was vulnerable to the decrease in observations. Overall, the EnKF is a promising data assimilation technique for the total column ozone and is usable for operational applications.


Background The role of stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) as local treatment option after chemotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is evolving. However adequate patient selection criteria for SABR in patients with LAPC are lacking. Methods A prospective institutional database collected data of patients with LAPC treated with chemotherapy, mainly FOLFIRINOX, followed by SABR, which was delivered using magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy, 40 Gy in 5 fractions within two weeks. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors for OS. Results Overall, 74 patients were included, median age 66 years, 45.9% had a KPS score of ≥90. Median OS was 19.6 months from diagnosis and 12.1 months from start of SABR. Local control was 90% at one year. Multivariable Cox regression analyses identified KPS ≥90, age <70, and absence of pain prior to SABR as independent favorable predictors for OS. The rate of grade ≥3 fatigue and late gastro-intestinal toxicity was 2.7%. Conclusions SABR is a well-tolerated treatment in patients with unresectable LAPC following chemotherapy, with better outcomes when applied in patients with higher performance score, age <70 years and absence of pain. Future randomized trials will have to confirm these findings.


Background Successful vaginal delivery (VD) is the desire of every parturient. This is however not always so especially for primigravid women. Predictive factors can help the counselling process and allay the anxiety that this group of parturients experience. Objective To determine the prevalence and predictors of vaginal delivery among primigravid women at a tertiary health facility.


H S W Massey and H B Gilbody London: Oxford University Press 1974 pp xxv + 2116–3122 price £29 The latest volume of this encyclopaedic work provides an authoritative survey of collision phenomenon involving neutral and ionized atoms and molecules, other than at thermal energies (the subject of volume 3). Recombination between electrons and ions and between positive and negative ions is also treated in this volume.


User's private key revocation is crucial to the practical use of ABE.The existing ABE schemes supporting user's private key revocation could revoke user's private key by introducing the concept of the user's identity and revoking user's identity.But the security of these schemes could only reach selective security.Based on the idea of the existing schemes,we construct an adaptively secure KP-ABE scheme supporting user's private key revocation on composite order bilinear groups by combining Lewko's adaptively secure ABE scheme and Leyou Zhang's adaptively secure identity-based broadcast encryption scheme.


Badminton is a branch of sport which gives a lot of merits in scent the name of Indonesia in the internasional sporting arena. One of it is influential in the Indonesian badminton historical on varius achievements is Susi Susanti. The rising Susi Susanti becomes the booster for Indonesian badminton progress, especially on women's sector who have experienced adversity. Susi Susanti dominates strong enough for devoting herself in scent Indonesia by her achievement. This research result explains that Susi Susanti pursued badminton came from motivation of family whe love this sport. Susi Susanti's life and career to reach the highest glory during 1988-1998 is not easy. Susi Susanti must fight and sacrifice a lot to get all. Susi Susanti is a humble person and has the highest nationalism spirit of Indonesia, evidended by the accomplishments she achieved in national and internasional forums. Some national and internasional award she won for her highest dedication to badminton as like Bintang Jasa Utama 1992, Herbert of Scheele 2002, and The Badminton Hall of Fame 2004.


In the Red Sea coastal area, the problems of desertification, land degradation and dust storm are still serious. Because, the invasive species Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) has a high capacity to fix sand dunes, mesquite trees were introduced into Sudan and planted in Khartoum and eastern Sudan. However, the tree was invaded both natural and managed habitats, including watercourses, floodplains, highways, degraded abandoned land and irrigated areas. The weed is more of a problem within central, northern and eastern Sudan. In this study a remote sensing approach for the mesquite tree control is proposed. To monitor mesquite water use efficiency the concept of a Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII), which is defined as the ratio of actual to foliar water content, have been applied and compared with the ground measurements of stomatal conductance (mmol. m −2 . s −1 ), field spectral, volumetric soil water content. As results, on the base of the PALSAR L-band microwave polarimetric backscatter coefficient, the soil moisture and surface roughness could be estimated with a good accuracy for bare-soil surfaces.


Introduction: Post-stroke cognitive decline is a major problem that affects up to 70% of stroke survivors. Combination of aerobic exercise and cognitive training has been found to be effective for ...


Numerous studies have demonstrated that a complex distribution of water resources, regional development, and management mechanisms create significant management challenges for transboundary river basins. We utilized diagnostic thinking to examine the water management issues of the 14 main transboundary watersheds in three regions (Northeast, Northwest, and Southwest) of China. Our four diagnosis points were water quantity, water quality, ecological stability and human health, and cooperation among watershed stakeholders. We found that the watersheds faced varying water management issues. The Indus and Ganges basins have the worst problems, whereas the Tarim basin's ecological environment is the most vulnerable and the Ob basin is the fittest. Therefore, depending on each basin's results, we provide practical water management ideas for each. Furthermore, we summarized and classified the geographical settings of each basin and determined the water management issues in each major region in China. Our results provide direction for both new research on and cooperation with transboundary basin water management.


The regression accuracy and generalization performance of the support vector regression (SVR) model depended on a proper parameter set. The optimal parameter selection method of SVR was put forward based on simulated annealing algorithm ( SAA) . The key parameters C and ε of SVM and the radial basis kernel parameter g were optimized within the global scope. The support vector regression model was established for chaotic time series prediction by using the optimum parameters. The time series of Lorenz system was used to validate the effectiveness of the model, and the RMSE of prediction reached 5.424 X 10-6. The results show that the optimal parameter selection method based on SAA is available and the SAA-SVR model can predict the chaotic time series accurately.


The invention relates to coated glass capable of being processed remotely. The coated glass comprises a glass base material; a Si3N4 bottom medium layer, a first TiO2 medium layer, a CrNX medium layer, a second TiO2 medium layer and a Si3N4 top medium layer are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the glass base material from bottom to top. The coated glass has excellent mechanical durability and corrosion resistance and can be used for remote processing.


Modeling is essential for modern science, and science-based policies are directly affected by the reliability of model outputs. Artificial intelligence has improved the accuracy and capability of model simulations, but often at the expense of a rational understanding of the systems involved. The lack of transparency in black box models, artificial intelligence based ones among them, can potentially affect the trust in science driven policy making. Here, we suggest that a broader discussion is needed to address the implications of black box approaches on the reliability of scientific advice used for policy making. We argue that participatory methods can bridge the gap between increasingly complex scientific methods and the people affected by their interpretations


Where a person (A) contracts with another (B) to perform acts for the benefit of a third party (C), can A claim substantial damages in his own right when B either fails to perform or performs defectively? This was one of the issues that came before the House of Lords in Panatown. The issue had previously been tackled by the House in Woodar v Wimpey; in Woodar, the House had decided that A had no claim to substantial damages in the postulated circumstance. As C was not privy to the contract, he had no right to sue B. The result was a "legal black hole" through which B escaped substantial liability. Lord Griffith reopened the question in Linden Gardens v Lenesta Sludge Disposal; St Martins Property v Robert McAlpine and argued persuasively that A suffers a substantial loss of bargain. Three other Law Lords in St Martins case found the argument attractive but refrained from adopting it, citing, inter alia, the desirability of exposing the argument to academic consideration. Subsequent academic discourse did not proffer substantial criticism of Lord Griffith's argument. By the time of the Panatown litigation, the time was ripe for clear guidance on the issue. Unfortunately, the majority in Panatown did not embrace the opportunity to reconceptualize what A had lost. Thus, a valuable opportunity to rectify a defect in the present law was lost. This is lamentable.


Azo dyes are widely used in the textile industry because of the ease and cost effectiveness of their synthesis and the greatest variety of colors. Dye wastewater has become one of the main sources of severe pollution problems due to the greater demand for textile products and the proportional increase in production and applications of synthetic dyes. Colored industrial effluents are often contaminated with harmful or poisonous chemical pollutants when withdrawn on the land, after land affects the germination rate of several plants thereby decreasing the soil fertility. So, environmental problems and potential hazards caused by textile wastewater have prompted many countries to treat their effluent within the stipulated standard limits before the discharging into natural water bodies for irrigational purposes. This review focused on toxic effects of various textile dyes and their intermediate metabolites formed after microbial decolourization on germination rate of different Indian agricultural crops as well as microbial growth and fish model.


We present a metric for which Einstein's field equations in vacuum generate the Kortweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and thus its $N$-soliton solutions solve the vacuum equations. The metric of the one soliton solution has been investigated and is a non-singular, Lorentzian metric of type N in the Petrov classification.


Social anthropological work in India in the last decade has seen a neglect of rural and agrarian issues, with the discipline's focus shifting to concerns like sexuality,
globalization, diaspora, and urbanity. In this milieu Shifting Landscapes marks an exception and is an important addition to the study of rurality in India. It puts commons
(as opposed to private property that has received substantial scholarly attention) at the centre of theorizing about rurality. The book argues for theorizing the village as a frame for locating fluid social representations and practices rather than as a reified community. While emphasizing the importance of the commons, especially pastures, in studying the village, it makes a case for exploring the linkages between agriculture and pastoralism.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the neuroprotective effects of preconditioning with low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats after spinal cord injury and its possible mechanism.

METHODS
Forty-eight female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: empty virus (EV), LPS combined with empty virus (LPS-EV), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) interference virus (NIV), and LPS combined with Nrf2 interference virus (LPS-NIV) (n=12 per group). The model of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) was established by the modified Allen's method. Hind limb motor function of the rats was assessed by the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score 3 days after the operation. The injured spinal cord tissues were harvested after the operation. The pathological changes of spinal cord were observed by HE staining. The Nissl body and neuron survival index were assessed by Nissl staining. The expressions of Nrf2, NF-κB and associated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.

RESULTS
NIV group showed descended Nrf2 protein expression and ascended NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α protein levels compared with EV group, and no significant difference from LPS-NIV group. The Nrf2 protein expression of LPS-EV group increased significantly compared with EV group and LPS-NIV group, and NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β protein expression decreased significantly at the same time. Compared with those of EV group and LPS-NIV group, the neuron survival index of LPS-EV group was improved. The morphological change of LPS-EV group was also obviously alleviated. The BBB score had no statistical significance among these groups.

CONCLUSION
Low-dose LPS preconditioning had neuroprotective effects on spinal cord injury. This protective effect was mediated by activating the Nrf2 to down-regulate expressions of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviate inflammatory response.


Purpose. Improvement of the technological modes of smelting sputtering cathodes based on nickel of the Ni-Cr-Al-Y system in order to improve their quality, namely, to reduce the total number of defects in the form of discontinuities, pores, non-melts and increase the homogeneity of the structure and chemical composition and application of the protective atmosphere of inert gases, the most widespread of which are helium and argon.
Research methods. The equipment was improved, in particular, the vacuum-arc installation was equipped with a ramp and a helium cylinder. Test samples in the form of "washers" (diameter 127 mm and thickness 40 mm) were obtained, which were used to study the microstructure and chemical composition. Remelting modes have been worked out. The study of the chemical composition was carried out using a multipurpose scanning electron microscope REM 106I, equipped with a microanalysis system.
Results. Based on the results of studies of the influence of the gas mixture concentration on the structure and composition of the cathodes, technological modes of melting were established, which made it possible to improve the quality indicators and economic indicators of the investigated cathodes. This will have a positive effect on the number of cathode failures, the performance of coated parts and the life of aircraft engines in general.
Scientific novelty. The dependence of the influence of the concentration of the mixture of gases (argon-helium) was determined, which made it possible to obtain the optimal ratio of protective gases. With a gas ratio of 70/30 %, the highest quality cathodes were obtained, which were used for further research.
Practical value. Quality of coating sputtering is determined by regimes of sputtering and quality of cathode itself. One of applied methods is by-layered melting of cathodes in copper water-cooled crystallizer using electrodes that are melted or non-melted. Optimal ratio of protective gases for receiving qualitative cathodes is determined.


A simple yet more effective filtering algorithm for 3-D passive location systems is developed by combination of pseudo-linear filter with modified input estimation approach.In this method,the acceleration is treated as an additive input term in the corresponding state equation,and higher dimension pseudo-linear filter is used to solve the passive tracking problem of air target.The original state and acceleration vectors are estimated simultaneously with the higher dimension pseudo-linear filter.Simulation results show that the proposed tracking algorithm can operate in both the non-maneuvering and the maneuvering modes,and the maneuver detection procedure is unnecessary;passive sensor can track the maneuvering air target by using the proposed method.


Past attempts to represent the semiannual density variation in the heterosphere as a consequence of temperature variation have run into difficulties in two height regions: below 200 and above 1000 km. The main argument in favor of the temperature variations was the dependence of their amplitude on the solar cycle; it can be shown, however, that this dependence is spurious, being caused by the variation of the density change dρ/dT with the temperature T. An analysis of the semiannual density variations at different height levels fails to show a dependence of the amplitude with the sunspot cycle. All difficulties are removed if we assume that the semiannual density variation is not a direct consequence of temperature variations.


Introduction Children and adolescents today frequently encounter a wide range of texts in their everyday lives. Our culture now relies on a variety of technologies and communication systems such as email, social media, Google and YouTube (Baker, Pearson, & Rozendal, 2010, p. 3). As a result, the majority of the texts that young people are interacting with are multimodal and often extremely visual (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2006). In a society and culture so dominated by the visual, the technological and the multimodal (Kress, 2000), due attention must be given to the texts we use and explore with students. However, in classrooms, there is still an emphasis on, and dominance of, written communication (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2006, p. 16). Literacy and English sessions should incorporate and value texts that use modes of representation beyond the written word (Shoffner, DeOliveira, & Angus, 2010). In doing so, students will come to accept and understand that meaning is created in texts through a range of symbol systems including, for example, image and sound. By integrating multimodal texts into classroom practice, educators can better prepare students to engage with a wide range of texts in the 21st century (Cope & Kalantzis, 2000). Picturebooks Picturebooks are an example of both quality literature and multimodal text. These texts are rich, stimulating and engaging through: * their juxtaposition of image, text and design elements; * their social, cultural and political influences and comments; and * their affordances for a range of possible interpretations and responses (Anstey, 2002; Goldstone, 2004; Pantaleo & Sipe, 2008). Picturebooks are most often produced in the familiar genre of narrative and are therefore easily accessible for all students. Many contemporary picturebooks also explore contentious issues such as war, colonisation, depression and the environment, making them challenging and engaging texts for a middle school classroom. I have chosen to use the spelling variation of picturebook here, as opposed to picture book or picture-book. This is to acknowledge fully the significance of visual representation in this text and in so many others like it. The text I have chosen to work with here is The Arrival, by Shaun Tan (2006), which tells the story of a man who leaves his home and family behind in order to establish a better life for them in a strange new place. As he strives to settle into his new environment, he meets other immigrants who each share with him their story. In the images I have included for this article, the reader will encounter the protagonist at different stages of his story. With its themes of immigration, government corruption and individual resilience, The Arrival provides many exciting opportunities for classroom use. We are fortunate that many picturebooks are available and suitable for use in classrooms. A list of further suggested texts and their illustrators is provided in Table 1. The Arrival Shaun Tan's (2006) The Arrival is a completely wordless picturebook; it has no written text and so any understanding is completely derived from the illustrations. The images in this picturebook, and indeed in those listed in Table 1, must be 'read' in order for a full meaning to be realised (Booker, 2012, p. i). Picturebooks encourage students to consider how meaning is generated through images; students must therefore learn to read the images in accordance with the demands that are being placed on readers in our 'new landscapes of communication' (Kress, 2003, p. 167). In this article, I encourage English educators to consider how picturebooks, as quality literary and visual texts, might provide a lens for middle school students to learn how to navigate multimodal texts, and to read and analyse visual images. A grammar of visual design This paper will follow the theory of visual design from Kress and van Leeuwen (2006). …


Piezoelectric materials are widely used to construct smart or adaptive structures. Although extensive efforts have been devoted to the analysis of piezoelectric materials in recent years, most researches have been conducted by assuming that the material properties are fixed and have no uncertainties. Intrinsically, material properties have a certain amount of scatter and such uncertainties can affect the performance of component. In this paper, the convex modeling is used to consider such uncertainties in calculating the crack extension force of piezoelectric material and the results are compared with the one obtained via the Monte Carlo simulation. Numerical results show that crack extension forces increase when uncertainties considered, which indicates that such uncertainties should not be ignored for reliable lifetime prediction. Also, the results obtained by the convex modeling and the Monte Carlo simulation show good agreement, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the convex modeling.


OBJECTIVE: In order to determine whether there are racial differences in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) symptom severity and vascular comorbidities, we compared African‐American (black) and Caucasian (white) patients with AD from similar socioeconomic backgrounds at the time the disease was first recognized.


It is shown that the monoid En of extensive transformations of a chain of order n is hereditarily finitely based if and only if n ≤ 3. It follows that the submonoid OEn of order-preserving transformations in En is also hereditarily finitely based if and only if n ≤ 3.


High current findings indicate that a substitution with pyruvate can lead to significant alterations or even improvement in neutrophil immunonutrition. However, it is still unknown which intra-cellular pathways might be involved here. Hence, in this study, we investigated whether preincu-bation with an inhibitor of ·NO-synthase (L-NAME), an ·NO donor (SNAP), an analogue of taurine (beta-alanine), an inhibitor of ornithine-decarboxylase (DFMO) as well as a glutamine-analogue (DON), is able to alter the intragranulocytic metabolic response to pyruvate, here for example studied for neutrophil intracellular amino- and α-keto acid concentrations or important neutrophil immune functions [released myeloperoxidase (MPO), the formation of superoxide anions O2- and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)]. In summary, the interesting first results presented here showed, that any damage of specific metabolic pathways or mechanisms, which seem directly or indirectly to be involved in relevant pyruvate dependent granulocytic nutrient content or specific cellular tasks, could lead to therapeutically desired, but also to unexpected or even fatal consequences for the affected cells. We therefore continue to believe that pyruvate, irrespective of which exact biochemical mechanisms were involved, in neutrophils may satisfy the substantial metabolic demands for a potent intracellular nutrient.


As healthcare resources become increasingly scarce due to growing demand and stagnating budgets, the need for effective priority setting and resource allocation will become ever more critical to providing sustainable care to patients. While societal values should certainly play a part in guiding these processes, the methodology used to capture these values need not necessarily be limited to multi-criterion decision analysis (MCDA)-based processes including 'evidence-informed deliberative processes.' However, if decision-makers intend to not only incorporates the values of the public they serve into decisions but have the decisions enacted as well, consideration should be given to more direct involvement of stakeholders. Based on the examples provided by Baltussen et al, MCDA-based processes like 'evidence-informed deliberative processes' could be one way of achieving this laudable goal.


The article examines the nature and philosophical and legal significance of the legal discourse and legal language. Exploring common signs of discourse as a social phenomenon, the author gradually turns to the definition of the essential features of the legal discourse, trying to formulate the most general rules, the observance of which contribute to the effective settlement of the specific situation of a legal conflict. Particular importance is paid to the problem of legal language, which means convergence of members of the legal discourse and contributes to the goal of successful interpersonal communication. To substantiate the arguments set out in the article, the author uses the works by representatives of Russian and foreign legal and philosophical thought.