1. This memoir amplifies my accounts of Endolimax nana published in 1919 and 1933. The complete life-history, as observable in cultures, is now described—special attention being devoted to the nuclear structure at all stages. 2. Additional information is also given about methods of cultivation, viability of the cysts in vitro, the 'nucleal reaction', natural parasites (Sphaerita, etc.), and other details. 3. The life-history has been found to comprise trophic, precystic, cystic, and metacystic stages, comparable with those described in Entamoeba histolytica (1928) and E. coli (1938). 4. The trophic amoeba is redescribed, with special reference to the polymorphism of its karyosome. 5. Division of the trophic amoeba (by binary fission) has been studied, and the mitosis of its nucleus is now first described in detail. It is characterized by the formation of an intranuclear spindle, with well-developed centrioles and centrodesmus. The granular chromosomes are 10 in number, and arranged in a ring on the equatorial plate. 6. Precystic amoebae are smaller than trophic forms —the reduction in size being effected during the last two divisions before encystation. 7. The cyst is formed by a precystic amoeba in the usual way. Inside the cyst, the nucleus undergoes two successive mitotic divisions similar to those seen in trophic forms. The ripe cyst is therefore 4-micleate, though supernucleate specimens—which are viable— occur occasionally. Glycogen is normally present in young (1- and 2-nucleate) cysts, but not in those which are mature. 8. The process of excystation is described for the first time, and closely resembles that seen in E. histolytica. The entire protoplasmic contents emerge as a single 4-nucleate amoeba through a minute pore in the cyst wall. 9. Metacystic development—not previously studied —consists in simple division, by successive cytoplasmic bipartitions without division of the nuclei, into 4 uninucleate amoebulae. These grow into trophic amoebae once more. 10. The whole life-history is thus asexual, with no gametes, conjugation, or autogamy, at any stage.


Due to coal mine equipment transmission is unreliable;some important data can't be corrected transmitted.An error corrected algorithm is proposed,and the algorithm uses hamming code and parity check code.This algorithm not only corrects one mistake of transmission but also find two errors.Using parity check code can correct two errors of transmission data.This algorithm has stronger anti-disturbance and data transmission reliance.


Objective: To investigate the effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) combined with controlled hypotension (CH) on extravascular lung water and systematic oxygen metabolism for elderly patients, and to explore the clinical security of ANH + CH. Methods: 45 elderly patients undergoing elective spine and hip replacement surgery were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15 in each): control group (group A); acute normovolemic hemodilution group (group B); acute normovolemic hemodilution combined with controlled hypertension group (group C). Artery blood samples of patients were collected for blood-gas analysis at four time points: before induction of anesthesia (T1), after hemodilution (T2), 30 min after controlled hypotension (T3), after surgery (T4). We observed and recorded heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV), extravascular lung water (EVLW), and calculated the values of oxygen delivery (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2). The recorded values of each group were compared and analyzed. Results: The Hct and Hb of patients in group B and group C decreased obviously after ANH compared with that of pre-surgery. After controlled hypotension, the HR of patients in group C elevated while MAP dropped, but the CVP was maintained at the preoperative level. There were differences in CI, SVR, ITBV and EVLW between the three groups at the same time point but without statistical significance, and all patients recovered to preoperative levels after operation. The SVR in both group B and C decreased obviously after hemodilution and controlled hypotension by comparing with preoperative level; and the SVR in patients of group C dropped more sharply at T3, which had statistical significance by comparing with group A at the same time point. The ITBV in group C at T3 changed obviously compared with the value at T1; but the decline, compared with group A at the same time point, was not obvious. The DO2 value in both group B and C increased at T2 and was significantly different from the value at T1 and the value of group A at T2; the DO2 in group B was still at the high level after CH, while the DO2 in group C recovered to the basic levels. The VO2 values of three groups all declined after ANH and CH, but the decreases were not obvious, and all groups recovered to preoperative levels after operation. Conclusion: Preoperative ANH can obviously increase the reserve of circulating blood volume for elderly patients; combining with controlled hypotension, it can maintain a stable perioperative circulatory function, significantly reduce ITBV and keep EVLW at normal level to avoid increasing the occurrence of pulmonary edema. In addition, it also can increase the oxygen supply and maintain a stable body oxygen metabolism.


In the catchment basin of the Buech, the "Terres Noires" form a highly erodible lithological unit. Within this strongly dissected landscape, a BRGM/ORSTOM project studies since 1986 the interaction between climate and geology, and weathering and erosion processes. Three elementary gullies (200 to 2 000 m 2 ) have been equipped for the acquisition of climatological and hydrosedimentological data. The specific erosion, which is in the order of 200 t/ha/year, is unrelated to the surface area of the gullies. The erosion and weathering processes are strongly seasonnal. Showers of less than 10 mm height are note erosive. An empirical relation between sediment production and certain soil characteristics and rainy periods is presented.


This paper analysized the clay mineral characteristics of Paleosol derived from Quaternary aqueoglacial deposition through the X-ray diffraction method. The results show that, clay mineral composition of Paleosol all contain llite, 1.4 nm transitional minerals and Chlorite in Liaoning area, but Paleosol in Chaoyang also contains some Smectite and Paleosol in Dalian contains some Vermiculite. Clay mineral composition of Paleosol in Liaoning reflects the Paleoenvironmental characteristics which is very different from the modern time which showed that the modern environment has some impacts on some natures of Paleosol.


The study examines the use of information technology (IT) in the Malaysian public sector and its impact on perceived service quality. A conceptual framework comprising several key variables affecting the level of use of information technology and its effect on perceived service quality is proposed and tested. These variables are drivers of IT use, level of IT use, user satisfaction with information technology, staff readiness and structural change. A set of
research hypotheses outlining the a priori relationships posited was tested. An empirical survey involving about 500 agencies covering all levels of government and functional
ministries was carried out via a structured mailed questionnaire with 180 agencies responding. Service quality improvement was reported as the main driving force behind the adoption and use of IT in the agency operations while policy and interest of national leaders unexpectedly
ranked the lowest. The correlation results support most of the research hypotheses advanced. Stepwise regression analysis was used to identify the relative importance of these variables on perceived service quality. User satisfaction and structural change emerged as having strong and statistically significant effect on the perceived service quality. Cluster analysis was performed on a post hoc basis to identify groups along the dimensions proposed
in this study. Two groups were identified which corresponds to low and high perceived service quality class. The study adds to the dearth of nomographic studies on the use of IT in Malaysia especially in the public sector where ad hoc case studies appear predominant. It also highlights the
need to develop a sense of satisfaction with IT among the officers or recipient agencies as added impetus to the successful application of information technology. More attention must be channelled towards demonstrating the operational benefits of IT application to cultivate
satisfaction towards information technology rather than plunging into it as an unmitigated blessing.


The present study was carried out to examine the gross alpha and gross beta activities in rock samples in Kanyakumari district. Twenty Four samples were collected from different locations in Western Ghats. The gross alpha and gross beta activities were measured by using zinc sulphide scintillation detector and low beta counter. In this present study the gross alpha activity was maximum at L22 (1397.85 Bq/Kg) and minimum at L7 ( 53.76 Bq/Kg ) with an average of 582.44Bq/Kg and the gross beta activity was maximum at L2 (3815.79 Bq/Kg) minimum at L7 (833.33 Bq/kg) with an average of 2081.51Bq/Kg.


According to Quality by Design (QbD) concept, quality should be built into product/method during pharmaceutical/analytical development. Usually, there are many input factors that may affect quality of product and methods. Recently, Design of Experiments (DoE) have been widely used to understand the effects of multidimensional and interactions of input factors on the output responses of pharmaceutical products and analytical methods. This paper provides theoretical and practical considerations for implementation of Design of Experiments (DoE) in pharmaceutical and/or analytical Quality by Design (QbD). This review illustrates the principles and applications of the most common screening designs, such as two-level full factorial, fractionate factorial, and Plackett-Burman designs; and optimization designs, such as three-level full factorial, central composite designs (CCD), and Box-Behnken designs. In addition, the main aspects related to multiple regression model adjustment were discussed, including the analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression significance, residuals analysis, determination coefficients (R2 , R2 -adj, and R2 -pred), and lack-of-fit of regression model. Therefore, DoE was presented in detail since it is the main component of pharmaceutical and analytical QbD.


ABSTRACT The objective of the paper is an analysis of selected historical events that took place in Uruwa Valley among Nungon people. The events – relocation of a village and religious conflict – still affect the life of the community. The author has partially reconstructed the events using archival materials, especially patrol reports, and printed documents. The course of reconstructed events differs from the local peoples' recollections of the same past. The article confronts different versions of the past without seeking the 'truth' of Nungon past events; rather, it aims to demonstrate the plurality of voices – local people and Australian patrol officers – and to present the importance of the past events for the life of the community.


This is a collection of texts that speak of experiences of the education of one woman, me. I have learned more of who I am. This autoethnography seeks to ground personal experiences in social and cultural contexts. I seek to tell truthfully and deeply of personal experiences. I draw upon others" voices to legitimate mine. The words of others facilitate my own. I come to realise that I do belong in this work; the work takes form and from this I take form. I find a home in this work. This work is an educational experience.

Stories of emotions founder education. Reflective and reflexive journal writing have been stimuli. Educative experiences are communicated in both content and forms of my stories. I believe meanings are always in process. Process affects the stories told, story-tellers and those listening. Meanings are not inherent but produced and reproduced challenged by the communities in which they are practised and their languages. The meanings I attribute to the person I am, my personal experiences, are those I construct from the groups to which I do and do not belong. My emotions drive the meanings I experience, particularly in relation to experiences of education.


Effective multidisciplinary health care teams require a clear understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each group. This paper reports on a study of role perceptions among three occupational groups in a medical setting-physicians, nurses, and administrative personnel. Each group was asked to assess the extent to which their group and each of the others were involved in performing each of several activities. It was hypothesized that differences in perception are related to professional aspiration level, and that the greatest differences in perception would be related to the functions carried out by groups with the highest level of professional aspiration. The results confirmed this hypothesis. Nurses, highest in professional aspiration level among the three groups, showed consistently different perceptions in their role as compared with other groups' perceptions of their role. Implications for management and research are discussed.


Lawyer science is a discipline studying the nature,codes of conduct,functions and values,professional abilities and development rules of lawyers. With lawyers,lawyer industry,lawyer systems,lawyer practice,regulations for lawyers,and lawyer culture as the objects,lawyer science has its own basic concepts and disciplinary language,as well as its supporting theoretic range and scientific theoretic systems.


growth depends on continuation of cartilage growth and endochrondral oss ification at the epiphyses, while appositional growth and the lifelong remodeling of the skeleton depends on direct bone formation and resorption without the intervention of cartilage (l). These processes are subject to at least three kinds of regulation. (a) Genetic determinants are presumably responsible for the wide variation in skeletal mass and size observed in man and ani mals. (b) Variations in gravitational and mechanical stresses can determine bone shape and internal structure. (c) Humoral agents affecting growth can act directly or indirectly on the skeleton, controlling size, maturation, and day-to-day bone turnover. Good reviews of skeletal development and turnover (2, 3) and the hormonal control of bone resorption (4) have been published recently. Thc present review will emphas ize the effects of hor mones on bone formation and the effects of some vitamins and ions which may interact with hormones or mediate their effects on the skeleton. HORMONAL RECULATION OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT


Purpose − This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the buying intention of halal products at Private Islamic Religious College (PTKIS) Lecturers in West Java.Methodology − The population in this study were Private Islamic Religious College (PTKIS) lecturers located in the West Java region of West Priangan, including the Cianjur Regency, Sukabumi Regency, and Bogor Regency. The number of PTKIS Lecturers in the Cianjur Regency filled out the questionnaire was 78. 83 Lecturers in Sukabumi District and 105 in Bogor District were used as research samples. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used multiple linear regression.Findings − Halal certification affects buying intention of halal products at PTKIS Lecturers in Cianjur, Sukabumi, and Bogor Regencies. Halal awareness only affects Cianjur and Bogor Regencies. Meanwhile, in Sukabumi Regency, the effect was not significant. Food composition has an impact in Sukabumi District, but it does not substantially influence Cianjur and Bogor Regencies.Implication − Producing or selling food for producers needs to consider three factors: halal certification, awareness, and food ingredients. Consumers must pay attention to the halal logo to ensure that the products consumed are truly halal and follow Islamic teachings.Originality − Halal certification is an essential key for business product development. Meanwhile, most lecturers do not use food composition as the primary reference in choosing halal products to buy. Halal awareness of PTKIS lecturers has different perceptions.


When the fire occur in the deeply underground subway station, the difficulties of passenger evacuation are expected because of many stairs to the exit. In this study, SOONGSIL-University station (7 line, 47m depth) is the one of the deepest subway stations of the each line in the Seoul metro. The numerical computational-simulation was performed for the fire driven flow in the subway station. Hot and smoke flow was analyzed from the simulation results. The proper plan of evacuation against fire was considered through the results. The fire driven flow was simulated using FDS code in which LES method was applied. The Heat Release Rate was 10MW and the ultrafast model was applied for the growing model of the fire source. The proper mesh size was determined from the characteristic length of fire size. The parallel computational method was employed to compute the flow and heat eqn's in the meshes, which are about 10,000,000, with 6cpu of the linux clustering machine.


The invention provides an LED spot lamp comprising a lamp body, a base fixedly connected with the bottom of the lamp body and a lamp cover fixedly connected with the top of the lamp body. The inner part of the base is provided with a power supply, the lamp body comprises a heat dissipation body, a heat dissipation base plate arranged on the heat dissipation body, an LED lamp fixedly connected on the heat dissipation base plate and a lamp cup arranged on the LED lamp, wherein the lamp cup is provided with a lens or a reflection bowl, the heat dissipation body is fixedly connected with the base, the heat dissipation base plate is communicated with the power supply and the insulated lamp cup is an insulator. The spot lamp solves the technical problem of complicated structure of the traditional LED spot lamps and has the advantages of simple process, low cost, and the like.


In past centuries, extreme prejudice and repression
meant that gay life was restricted to only the largest
cities, and to clandestine networks of private and public
spaces which were largely unknown to 'straight' society.
However, the urbanization process of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, and the social and legal reforms of
the late 1960s onward, have allowed spaces which are
much more visibly oriented to the gay community to
develop. These spaces have now become an increasingly
common feature within the inner areas of medium-sized
and larger cities of North America, Europe and Australasia,
as well as the largest cities of South America and
Asia.


This research report contains in an integrated approach the contents of the TAMS validation concept document and validation report and is additionally enriched with information about the intermediate steps and preliminary goals pursued for validation of the TAMS at the beginning of the validation concept work.
This document subsumes the TAMS validation activities regarding the overall TAMS conceptual elements of integration of air- and landside processes and the
consideration of tactical and pre-tactical planning phases. Within the scope of TAMS, several industrial partners are involved in the implementation of the TAMS operational conceptual elements. These companies have differing interests in TAMS and their related products and, thus, different information and validation needs.
However, small-scale validation activities regarding single or only some tools pursued by some partners, and therefore not the whole TAMS-concept, are not within the scope of this document.
The validation report part proves that with TAMS benefits for holistic airport operations management can be achieved:
More passengers were transported due to the 6.6% fewer passengers left behind while suffering less delay in queues and on the departure side of aircraft operations ( 22.2% delay and +11.84% punctuality).
It was possible to have these benefits while maintaining the same level of resource costs within the terminal and even reducing the costs for airlines due to the reduction of fuel usage (12.12% less engine running time).
The experimental analysis shows that expectations of the TAMS solution's behavior are met, providing a positive impact on costs, the environment and operations in general.


Objective To study the effects of arsenous acid at different concentrations on NB 4 cell apoptosis. Methods Flow cytometry and DNA gel eletrophoresis and immunoblot were used to determine the degree of NB 4 cells apoptosis. Results 1. After treatment for 16 h with arsenic acid at the concentration of 0.8~8 μmol·L -1 , viability of NB 4 cells was above 95.0% with typical "DNA ladder" on argarose gel, progressive blockage of the cells in G 2 phase, gradual increment of apoptotic NB 4 cells to 48.6% in the presence of bcl 2 expression;2. At the concentration of 10~80 μmol·L -1 , although extensive apoptosis was induced in NB 4 cells and expression of bcl 2 was down regulated, the viability of NB 4 cells significantly reduced to 31.2%. 3. At concentration of 400 μmol·L -1 , the viability of NB 4 cells reincreased to 80.3% without typical "DNA ladder", cell cycle arrest and down regulation of Bcl 2. Althought 76.6% NB 4 cells were labeled with dUTP FITC the intensity of fluoreseence was very low.Conclusion These results suggest the arsenous acid can not only induce appoptosis of NB 4 cells but also can inhibit its apoptosis. The effects of arsenous acid on the induction of NB 4 cell apoptosis is stronger than its inhibition effects at low doses, while high doses can give a reverse effect. Therefore, low doses of arsenic acid may be helpful to improve the curative effect of leukemia.$$$$


Function sensitivity—how much the result of a function can change with respect to linear changes in the input—is a key concept in many research areas. For instance, in differential privacy, one of the most common mechanisms for turning a (possibly privacy-leaking) query into a differentially private one involves establishing a bound on its sensitivity. We propose an automatic type-based analysis that infers the sensitivity of simple functional programs. This analysis has been implemented in the compiler for Fuzz, a language for differentially private queries. The main component of the analysis is an extension to the typechecker that generates nonlinear constraints over positive real numbers extended with infinity. A solution to the constraints provides an upper bound on program sensitivity. We use Z3 to solve these constraints and demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by measuring our sensitivity inference analysis on several examples. 1998 ACM Subject Classification D.3.2 Applicative (Functional) Programming, F.3.1 Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs


Considering that Oltenia region was amongst the hottest areas of Romania and the frequency of warm winters amplified due to the early arrival of spring, the paper assessed the suitability of climatic resources in Craiova area for growing tropical fruit trees, or using these trees as ornamental plants.


IT is no longer possible for the teacher of secondary mathematics to define his function in terms of subject-matter merely. So long as the function of the school was conceived to be the purveying of intellectual material to a class of selected individuals, the fallacy of such a definition was not readily discernible. But in these latter days, instead of defining the teacher as one licensed to teach, we prefer to define him as one who can teach. This change in the definition of a teacher alters the conception of his teaching function. The change in the definition also shifts the emphasis of attention in the teaching process from the subject to the person taught, and many improvements have followed in the train of this transfer of emphasis. It is here maintained, and it could be readily proved, that of all teachers, mathematical teachers have shown about the least disposition to respond to the pedagogical advance of recent times. Many of us seem to think that, like whisky, truth, and violins, mathematical matter and method undergo a ripening process with the flight of years when kept in a perfectly dry condition, and that Euclid is about the best after all.


In this paper, we study the codebook size design strategies in the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel (BC) systems. We adopt the nonlinear Tomlinson-Harashima precoder (THP), which is designed by the imperfect channel direction information (CDI) acquired from the random vector quantization (RVQ) feedback mechanism. Under the limitation of the total feedback rate, we flexibly allocate the size of each user's codebook so that the overall channel capacity is maximized. Since the design problem is not convex, directly finding out the optimum allocation of codebook size is not attainable. However, by sophisticatedly using the discrete majorization theory, we can derive the codebook size allocation strategies for the high- and the low-signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regions. Interestingly, the results show that the equal size codebook is preferable in the low-SNR region, whereas the codebook allocates the whole available codebook size to a single user in the high-SNR region. Simulations certify the theoretical result of our design.


The problems of classroom management and discipline are constant and relentless, and the solutions to the prob lems are varied, evolving, and sometimes fleeting. This creates a dilemma for plan ners of inservice programs in management and discipline.


Introduction 1. The untold story: the globalization of private security 2. Late modernity and the rise of private security 3. Power and governance: global assemblages and the security field 4. Of oil and diamonds: global security assemblages in resource extraction 5. Safer cities or cities of walls? The politics of urban global security assemblages 6. Security, politics, and global assemblages.


Chitkara University, Punjab, India and National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan jointly organized the second edition of IEEE sponsored International Conference on Computing, Analytics and Networks (ICAN2020) in February 2020. The four-day conference was held for two-days in Taiwan, on February 7-8, 2020 and for two-days in India, on February 14-15, 2020. We envisioned the concept of twin-nation conference so as to provide a platform where a large number of like-minded professionals and researchers could engage and share their work, ideas and culture. Collectively, ICAN2020 received 159 paper submissions from all over the world, of which 61 submissions were accepted. This proceeding is featuring 61 papers that were presented during the conference. In addition to paper presentations, ICAN2020 also featured four keynote talks, four invited talks, two industry sessions, a panel discussion session and two tutorials. Around 200 delegates attended the conference.


The present invention provides a chimeric combination of the shape of the joint press closed caisson base steel sheet pile plurality of steel pipe sheet pile is formed. The steel H-linked Steel Steel sheet pile (1) is formed integrally in the tie members by means of H-shaped steel (4) is provided H steel male connector (7), the female connector (8) as a linker, wherein , H steel (4) of the respective steel tubes (2) are welded together at the periphery of each of the steel pipe (2) and the flange edge. H steel male connector (7) to be slightly smaller in order to ensure that it can be embedded within the inner flange steel H female connector (8) and the side surface of the web enclosed space. Further, if necessary, the steel sheet pile of steel H (4) of the tie members, the steel H and the male connector (7), the steel H female connector (8) projecting direction appropriate angle to ensure that the combination into a closed shape as a whole.


OLED display manufacturers are interested in white organic light emitting devices (WOLEDTMs) because these devices, together with color filters, eliminate the need for high resolution shadow masks. Additionally, WOLEDs are well suited for general-purpose illumination, since their power efficacies are approaching fluorescent lamps. A new structure was developed that had the following characteristics that were measured using a spot meter: at 100 cd/m2 normal luminance, EQE = 20%, power efficacy is 34 lm/W, operating voltage = 3.6 V, CIE = (0.44, 0.44) and CRI = 75.


Complexity in manufacturing systems still remains a challenge and leads to operational issues and increased production cost. In this paper, drivers of complexity and typical symptoms of complex manufacturing systems are identified. A comprehensive review of studies published within the last two decades to assess manufacturing system complexity are presented. The key contributions of this review are: 1) a classification of complexity assessment methods based on perceived complexity symptoms; 2) a comprehensive review of assessment methods with cross-evaluation to identify appropriate use based on available data; 3) recommendations for the wider academic and industrial community, based on research trends identified in the literature, as to how complexity assessment should be addressed in the future. It is concluded that the assessment of complexity is necessary so that it can be controlled effectively, however the industry suffers from a lack of practical tools to support in this endeavour. [Received 23 December 2016; Revised 18 August, 14 October 2017; Accepted 22 October, 2017]


Tech-Stat is a professional development program for elementary teachers (grade K-6) in North Carolina funded by the National Science Foundation and jointly sponsored bt the University of N.C. Mathematics and Science Education Network, the N.C. Department of Public Instruction and the N.C. Science and mathematics Alliance. The Teach-Stat faculty are developing materials to help teachers expand their knowledge and understanding of statistics and to help them teach it to elementary students through an activity-based, data investigations approach. We expect reachers who participate in the Tech-Stat program will reframe the way they teach mathematics, science and social studies through the integration of data analysis actives into these subject areas. This paper provides an overview of Tech-Stat, a brief description of some of the workshop materials that have been developed for it, and a preliminary report on several results that are beginning to emerge from the project.


www.instmc.org.uk www.instmc.org.uk Measurement + Control Vol 41/4 May 2008 • 105 The topic of energy scavenging (or harvesting) has really taken off over the last five years or so, particularly for applications in the areas of autonomous sensors, wireless sensor networks and many other modern, portable electronic devices. Conventional batteries can, of course, be used to energise such systems, but these require replacement when they have been consumed and this is not always possible in cases where the device is embedded or if there are many hundreds (or even thousands) of nodes in a wireless sensor network. The concept of harvesting energy from within the environment as an augmented power source has been around for many years. For example, the solar-powered pocket calculator is now so cheap to produce that they are given away free at events such as exhibitions, shows, trade-fairs etc. Solar power, however, is not necessarily the best choice for ambient harvesting in situations where the device is required to function continuously at night time. Advances in micro and nano technologies have allowed the range of alternative energy scavenging sources to expand dramatically. There are now many examples of commercial harvesters based on alternative technologies such as thermoelectrics and vibration (including electromagnetic, piezoelectric and electrostatic systems). This special issue of Measurement + Control reviews some of the current research taking place in the area of ambient energy harvesting and also addresses issues associated with the design and power management of autonomous systems that use such devices as their main power source. Weddell and co-workers address the issues of hardware and software design for microcontroller-based autonomous sensing systems that use photovoltaic cells as the energy harvesting mechanism. The complete system is capable of being powered from indoor lighting levels of 1000 Lux. The paper by Beeby et al describes an electromagnetic vibration-powered generator that harvests kinetic energy and produces 58 μW of electrical power, which is sufficient to energise an autonomous accelerometer and transmit an amplitude modulated radio frequency signal every few seconds. Mitcheson et al describe the various types of electrostatic generator and discuss their performance and how they are particularly amenable for fabrication by micro-scale (MEMS) techniques. Kok et al provide a review of piezoelectric energy harvesting systems and show how screen printed thick-film piezoceramic materials can be used to make miniaturised, free-standing structures capable of generating electrical power from relatively small input vibrations. The paper by Koukharenko et al (to be included in the June edition of M+C) describes the principles of thermoelectric generators and show how the latest advances in nanotechnology can be applied to the fabrication of highly efficient devices that can potentially operate over small thermal gradients.


Leader absence in a confrontation team-building session illustrates the critical role the Chief Executive Officer plays in a successful OD effort. In this study, six natural teams (family groups) and one cousin group participated in a 6-day confrontation team-building session. Five of the six natural teams, however, met without the Chief Executive Officer of their respective organizations. Although each team experienced the same design and environmental constraints, only the team with the leader present evidenced growth during the 6-day session, as measured by the Likert Profile of Organization and Performance Characteristics and the Group Behavior Inventory. The remaining six teams either retrogressed or remained unchanged.


Illustrations, vi Maps, vii Acknowledgements, viii Author's Note, x I Family and Early Life, 1 II Adventures in Ireland, 1573-1575, 18 III In the Service of the States, 1577-1581, 33 IV The Anjou Years, 1581-1584, 50 V The Munster Plantation, 67 VI The Netherlands, 1585-1587, 84 VII The Muster of 1588, 108 VIII The Expedition to Portugal, 125 IX Failure in Portugal, 139 X The Fortification of Munster, 1590, 159 XI Plans and Politics, 1590-1591, 171 XII Brittany, 180 XIII Deadlock in Brittany, 1592-1593, 191 XIV The Taking of El Leon, 204 XV Return to Ireland, 218 XVI The Final Year, 234 Conclusion, 240 Notes, 249 Bibliography, 297 Index, 305.


The present paper deals with problems related to the damaging effect of nonlinear loads that expressed in harmonic current, where we proposed an instantaneous calculation of the sinus and cosine functions related to the fundamental frequency using a multi-variable filter (FMV).The main idea is to go beyond the limits caused by the use of PLL so as to extract instantaneously and precisely the fundamental component of the voltage of the power system. To do that the FMV algorithm is implemented on the FPGA and the Newton-Raphson algorithm is depicted in order to calculate the needed inverse square root where the obtained sine and cosine functions are used to optimize the instantaneous imaginary power algorithm for extracting the harmonic components. Simulations and exprimental results are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed study.


Two-dimensional numerical calculations of hydrothermal circulation in permeable oceanic crust have been carried out. The effects of Rayleigh number, impermeable and permeable upper boundaries, and permeability variations with depth have been investigated. Flow and temperature fields as well as surface heat flux distributions are presented. Spatial distributions of surface heat flux are compared with observations at the Galapagos spreading center. The hydrothermal circulation alters the spatial distribution of surface heat flow but not its mean value. It is concluded that the oceanic crust has a permeability of about 4.5×10−12 cm2. With a permeable upper boundary the mass of seawater circulating through the crust equals the mass of the crust in about 2.1 m.y. A corresponding typical circulation time is estimated to be about 4 years.


G E N E 43 of bacteriophage T4 resides at approximately 320" on the standard map ( STAHL, EDGAR and STEINBERG 1964). Studies of temperatwe-sensitive ( t s ) and amber (am) mutants reveal that gene 43 is the structural gene for the viral DNA polymerase (DE WAARD, PAUL and LEHMAN 1965; WARNER and BARNES 1966; NOSSAL 1969). The T4 DNA polymerase resembles the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase in its requirements for a template, a primer, all four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, and magnesium (APOSHIAN and KORNBERG 1962; RICHARDSON, SCHILDKRAUT and KORNBERG 1963; GOULIAN, LUCAS and KORNBERG 1968; ENGLUND et al. 1968). The two enzymes also have very similar and large molecular weights (about 110,000 daltons) . The viral polymerase is distinguished from the corresponding host enzyme, however, by its amino acid composition, its immunological specificity, its strong preference for single-stranded template DNA. and its lack of 5' exonuclease activity (COZZARELLI, KELLY and KORNBERG 1969). It is not yet clear whether the T4 DNA polymerase is specifically responsible for the normal semiconservative replication of viral DNA. The corresponding host cell enzyme exhibits several properties to be expected of a repair enzyme (KELLY et al. 1969), and can be mutationally inactivated without impairment of the replicative ability of the cell, although with increased sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation and to alkylating agents (DE LUCIA and CAIRNS 1969). The viral enzyme, however, is absolutely required for the initiation and maintenance of viral DNA replication (EPSTEIN et al. 1963; WARNER and HOBBS 1967; I. R. LEHMAN, personal communication). The viral enzyme has also been implicated in the repair of ultraviolet damage (BALDY 1968) and in genetic recombination (BERNSTEIN 1967; BERGER, WARREN and FRY 1969), but its role in repair remains equivocal (SPEYER and RO~ENBERG 1968). The viral enzyme may be periodically required in some initiating aspect of DNA replication without actually functioning as the replication enzyme itself, or it may function both as a DNA replicase and as a repair enzyme (in contrast to the host enzyme). T4 DNA polymerase is deeply involved in the determination of spontaneous mutation rates, and also in the response of the virus to chemical mutagens (SPEYER 1965; SPEYER, KARAM and LENNY 1966; FREESE and FREESE 1967; DRAKE and ALLEN 1968; SPEYER 1969; DRAKE 1969, 1970; DRAKE et al. 1969).


Quantitative aspects of regressive evolution – demonstrated by the reduction of the eyes in cave fishes

According to our present understanding, the eyes of cave fishes are no longer subject to a stabilizing selection. Because of a strong mutation pressure in the destructive direction, this leads to a continual enrichment of elimination mutants and thereby to a progressive reduction of the eyes after separation of a cave population. Obviously a natural selection process does not play a significant role in the reduction of the eyes in cave fishes. Based on these findings, the degeneration process can be characterized in detail, especially concerning its course and duration.


Micronucleus is similar to the nucleus, but smaller, formed in the cell due to damage of chromosomes by external factors. Incidence of micronuclei is scored in different cell lines as a parameter to evaluate the genotoxicity of chemicals and radiation. Bone marrow micronucleus assay in rodents, particularly in mice, has been the most popular technique used to screen the chemicals for their toxic potential. It is not that only exposed subj ects show micronuclei, even untreated ones also show some of them. Hence, the incidence of micronuclei is compared between treated and untreated. Untreated buccal mucosa cells of man showed an average of 0.41% spontaneously induced micronuclei (1). Cole at al (2) reported that 0.16% of micronucleated cells are seen among the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) in bone marrow of mice. In rats, 0 to 6.00% of micronucleated PCEs have been found in untreated controls (3). Furher, it was found that males are more sensitive than females In showing spontaneously induced micronuclei (4). Hence the present study was carried out to examine the possible role of exogenous factors i~fluencing the occurrence of micronuclei in control animal models that are frequently employed in micronucleus assay. Six mice and 12 rats were used in this study. Smears of bone marrow were prepared from femora (5), with a slight modification where 5% bovine albumin in ph phate buffered saline (pI! 7.2), was used as suspending medium (6). Smears were stained in May-Gruenwald-Giemsa at pH 6.8. Slides were screened under oil immersion objective. Two thousand PCEs/animal were scored for the incidence of micronuclei. Normochromatic erythrocytes (NCEs) and micronucleated NCEs (MNNCEs) met during analysi s were also recorded.


We compute the Hamiltonian for spherically symmetric scalar field collapse in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity in D dimensions using slicings that are regular across future horizons. We first reduce the action to two dimensions using spherical symmetry. We then show that choosing the spatial coordinate to be a function of the areal radius leads to a relatively simple Hamiltonian constraint whose gravitational part is the gradient of the generalized mass function. Next we complete the gauge fixing such that the metric is the Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet generalization of non-static Painlevé–Gullstrand coordinates. Finally, we derive the resultant-reduced equations of motion for the scalar field. These equations are suitable for use in numerical simulations of spherically symmetric scalar field collapse in Gauss–Bonnet gravity and can readily be generalized to other matter fields minimally coupled to gravity.


If one can believe the results of the research reported in this interesting book, it should be required reading for all teachers, teachers in training, and teachers of teachers. The subject of the book is the effect of humanistic teaching. An anecdote is related in the first few pages that focuses on the problems of promoting a student who has tried but not attained the appropriate grade level. Such a predicament is reminiscent of the 1960s, when we all had to take a second look at our responsibilities as teachers and realize that although content was important, there was more to teaching than just imparting cognition. The book is based on the results of research involving some 500 teachers and 10,000 students in two states. The authors claim ten years of research, but the data are based on a three-year study (1971-74) from a large city in Texas and a suburban-rural parish in Louisiana. Using Carkhuff's skills of interpersonal communication and Flander's and Bloom's scales, the authors undertook the task of significantly reducing absenteeism, improving IQ, and stimulating cognitive


A good glass former, Ti57.4Cu33.4Ni9.2, was selected using the topological instability criterion (lambda criterion) and the average electronegativity approach. The crystallization behavior and microstructural development of amorphous melt-spun ribbons of this new composition in response to heat treatment were investigated using a combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicate that the crystallization of the Ti57.4Cu33.4Ni9.2 alloy takes place through of three exothermic reactions with the nucleation of TiCu, Ti2Cu and Ti2Ni. The kinetics of crystallization were investigated by DSC, and the kinetic parameters were determined using Kissinger's method.


This program is operational in Chevron Nigeria Limited and was introduced as a framework for integrating risk assessement within a risk management system. Also, the risk assessment program was developed to provide a process for rapid screening of risk in order to focus attention on risk levels that need to be eliminated or minimized. The article examines the principles and techniques of risk assessment and risk management, and it illustrates their applications. It also describes how these techniques are used to prioritize decisions in preparing an effective ranking of risks within Chevron Nigeria offshore facilities. Risk assessment flowcharts, Hazard identification and risk assessment checklist were generated as a rapid guide to evaluation of the level of risks and to decide which risks would need more detailed analysis. The hazard identification has the following parameters as areas of concern Viz.: - Hazardous substances, Mechanical, Radiation, Electrical, work Environment and Work activities Hazards. The risk assessment checklist includes details safe condition and working mechanism of Pumps, Instrumentation, Pressure vessel. Storage tanks, Fired heaters, Exchangers, Emergency Response Program, facility Layout / Sitting etc.


The Nature Reserve Malpaga-Basella, located along the Serio River in Lombardy, was recently established in 2017. It is interesting as it presents plant species typical in dry grassland habitats, not present in the surrounding area. In this study, Heteroptera were surveyed in the Nature Reserve and in a bordering giant Miscanthus crop in 2019. The biodiversity of the reserve was well characterized by the presence of species linked to arid environments with steppe or Mediterranean characteristics, like Antheminia lunulata. Four species new for Lombardy were collected, Lygus italicus, Drymus pilipes, Ortholomus punctipennis, and Arenocoris waltlii. Giant Miscanthus hosted only a few ubiquitous species, also collected in the Nature Reserve.


In 2004, the clothing retailer Urban Outfitters sold a t-shirt with the slogan, "Voting is for Old People". Did Urban Outfitters step over the line, or were they a reflection of the sate of our democracy and the demographics of current voters? Many organizations have developed to combat the problem of low youth voter turnout and disengagement. One of the most well-known organizations is Rock the Vote. In its 18 year existence, has youth turnout increased? Have their efforts been futile or on the other side, have they been successful in paving the way for the youth to demand attention from the government and be heard? The purpose of this research is to measure the effects of the efforts targeted toward youth voters over the past 18 years, in terms of voter turnout using American National Election Studies Data. The results show that voting is not just for old people. INDEX WORDS: Rock the Vote, Youth Voter Turnout, American National Election Studies VOTING: IS IT JUST FOR OLD PEOPLE?


We investigate here the representability of integers as sums of triangular numbers, where the n-th triangular number is given by Tn = n(n + 1)/2. In particular, we show that f(x1, x2, . . . , xk) = b1Tx1 + · · · + bkTxk , for fixed positive integers b1, b2, . . . , bk, represents every nonnegative integer if and only if it represents 1, 2, 4, 5, and 8. Moreover, if 'cross-terms' are allowed in f , we show that no finite set of positive integers can play an analogous role, in turn showing that there is no overarching finiteness theorem which generalizes the statement from positive definite quadratic forms to totally positive quadratic polynomials.


School violence has been a recurring theme in the Swedish media over the last decade. Unfortunately research on this subject has been scarce and the media picture has therefore often been accepted uncritically. This article presents an overview of what is known about school violence in Sweden. Using a contextual approach it is also investigated to what extent individual level characteristics and features of the school context account for the risk of victimization. On the whole it is found that in schools where social capital, e.g. family and community resources, is low, violence tends to be higher, especially among students with low self-esteem and weak school involvement.


We consider the minimal 3-3-1 model with a heavy scalar sextet and realize, at the tree level, an effective dimension-five interaction that contributes to the mass of the charged leptons. In this case the charged leptons masses arise from a sort of type-II seesawlike mechanism while the neutrino masses are generated by a type-I mechanism. We also show that the parameters giving the correct lepton masses also accommodate the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakawaga-Sakata matrix. We give the scalar mass spectra of the model and analyze under which conditions the fields in the scalar sextet are heavy even with small or zero vacuum expectation values. We also show the conditions under which it is possible to have a stable (bounded from below) potential and also a global minimum. PACS numbers: 12.60.Fr 12.15.-y ∗Electronic address: firstname.lastname@example.com †Electronic address: email@example.com ‡Electronic address: firstname.lastname@example.com 1 ar X iv :1 50 5. 01 34 3v 2 [ he pph ] 2 0 O ct 2 01 5


This chapter presents evidence of using information and communication technologies (ICTs) towards the goal of sustainable community development. It argues that the biggest impediment to the growth of communities in the developing world is a lack of information and a fair incentive system, both of which can be addressed through ICTs. A three pronged action plan comprising of a development strategy, an information strategy, and a technology strategy is proposed towards this effect. The paper also showcases how a for-profit business, ITC Limited, transformed the face of agriculture in some parts of India, and how this model can be replicated in other parts of the world. It concludes with a description of the agricultural sector in Bangladesh and show how lessons drawn from the Indian case can be applied to Bangladesh and other developing countries. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-117-1.ch014


A mechanical firing device (5) for a gas generator has a weight (51), a locking lever (52, 58) and a striker (53) serving as movable members for igniting a primer set a gas generator in response to an acceleration. The firing device comprises a safety device having cam surfaces (71) formed on a housing and the cam surfaces (61) on the retaining means, respectively, and which cooperate with each other to to rotate the retaining means (60) about their axis such that they are selectively placed in the retaining position and the release position, the retaining means having a portion of rotary drive (62) with means provided for engagement with a rotatable tightening tool.


Field experiments were carried out at El-Riad district, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during  three successive seasons, 2014/15, 2015/16 and 2016/17. To study host preference and the effect of intercropping each of lettuce (Roman), onion (Buheirah red) and garlic (sids 40) cultivars, on the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind.andthe land snail,Monacha spp.population abundance  and the resulting yield.  T. tabaci was the high attractive to onion followed by garlic,  while lettuce was least attractive during the three successive seasons. It can be noticed  the highest monthly average number of T. tabaci were recorded in March on onion plantations alone and  onion intercropping, with lettuce, followed by garlic plantations alone, garlic (intercropped with lettuce) in the three seasons, while lettuce plantations alone and lettuce intercropping,  with onion and with garlic were recorded in February in 2015 and 2016 but it was in March in 2017 season. Also, the highest monthly average number of Monacha spp. were recorded in March on lettuce plantations alone and  followed by lettuce intercropping, with onion and garlic, while garlic plantations alone, garlic (intercropped, with lettuce) and onion plantations alone and onion (intercropped,  with lettuce) were recorded in February or March. It can be noticed that,  Monacha spp. was the high attractive to lettuce,  while garlic and onion  were   the least attractive during the three successive seasons.  The population abundance of thrips and snails differed according to host plant, there were significant differences among host plants (p≤ 0.05).The rate of infestation was higher in the sole crops  than in those intercropped crops which caused reduction of T. tabaci and Monacha spp., and almost, significant differences were found (p≤0.05).The resultant yield, due to intercropping, was also affected. The lettuce, onion and garlic plants intercroppe reduced the resultant yield when compared with control.


Abstract This research is devoted to discovering of spatial effects in European airports' partial factor productivity (PFP). A set of study PFP indicators includes infrastructural (air transport movements per runway), labour (workload units per employee), and financial (revenue and profit per workload unit) ratios. We utilised a number of appropriate statistical tests (Moran's I., Geary's C., Mantel test, and spatial auto-regression) for revelation of spatial relationships between PFP indicator's values. The tests were separately applied to samples of Spanish (2009-2010) and UK airports (2011-2012) and provided evidences of significant spatial effects in data.


Owing to my contradictory nature, I'm wondering if I shouldn't write about something I couldn't care less about right now so that by the time I'm finished, I'll have come around to being deeply passionate about the subject – whatever the subject is. Let's say theoretical or ideological or performance theory approaches – for sake of argument; something which, frankly, I could care less about. Not because I don't think it's important; I'm certain, at least in the abstract, these things are. But to consciously consider dramatic theory when creating theatre would seem to me to create a gulf within the soul, a deep canyon which divides a thing from itself.


Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to obtain an Australian perspective on evaluating the utility of plain film radiography and computed tomography (CT) to rule out fish bone impaction in the upper aerodigestive tract in the emergency department (ED) setting. Methods: A retrospective multicentre cohort study was conducted. A total of 73 patients met the inclusion criteria. A subgroup of patients underwent CT. We studied the sensitivity and specificity of x-ray and CT along with other demographic variables to determine the likelihood of true fish bone impaction. Results: Out of the 73 patients, 28 patients had true bone impaction. The sensitivity for x-ray was 42.9% and specificity was 73.3%. The sensitivity of CT was 87.5% and specificity was 71.4%. We found a significant difference in the mean age of presentation for true bone and false bone impaction, P = 0.02. Conclusion: Due to the low sensitivity of x-ray we do not recommend the utilisation of plain film radiography to rule out bone impaction Advances in low dose radiation multidetector CT scanners may replace plain film radiography as a screening tool.


Spectral unmixing is an important tool for interpreting remotely sensed hyperspectral scenes with sub-pixel precision. It relies on the identification of a set of spectrally pure components (called endmembers) and the estimation of the fractional abundance of each endmember in each pixel of the scene. Fractional abundance estimation is generally subject to two constraints: non-negativity of estimated fractions and sum-to-one for all abundance fractions of endmembers in each single pixel. Over the last decade, several algorithms have been proposed for simultaneous and sequential extraction of image endmembers from hyperspectral scenes. In this paper, we develop a new sequential algorithm that automatically extracts endmembers by using an unconstrained linear mixture model. Our assumption is that fractional abundance estimation using a set of properly selected image endmembers should naturally incorporate the constraints mentioned above, while imposing the constraints for an inadequate set of spectral endmembers may introduce errors in the model. Our proposed approach first applies an unconstrained linear mixture model and then uses a new metric for measuring the deviation of the unconstrained model with regards to the ideal, fully constrained model. This metric is used to derive a set of spectral endmembers which are then used to unmix the original scene. The proposed algorithm is experimentally compared to other algorithms using both synthetic and real hyperspectral scenes collected by NASA/JPL's Airborne Visible Infra-Red Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS).


Polarizing film, and glycidyl oxide of adhesive salgye adhesive or a water-based polymeric adhesive, for example at least one surface of the protective film comprising a protective film provided on at least one surface of the polarizing film, facing the polarizing film side with a PVOH-based adhesive layer is adhered further comprising a primer structure, a polarization structure. The adhesive prevents a separation of the polarization structure, the polarization structure endures the edging process conditions, also exhibits excellent dry peel force. Another aspect of the invention relates to a polarizing ophthalmic lens comprising a method of manufacturing such a polarization structure, and the polarization structure.


ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Shan Ying is first author on 'UV damage induces G3BP1-dependent stress granule formation that is not driven by mTOR inhibition-mediated translation arrest', published in JCS. Shan is a research assistant in the lab of Denys Khaperskyy at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada where her research interests focus on understanding properties and functions of stress granules and the molecular mechanism of viral host shutoff.


Introduction: Diseased tendons are characterised by fibrotic scar tissue, which adversely affects tendon structure and function and increases the likelihood of reinjury. The mechanisms and expression profiles of fibrosis in diseased tendon is understudied compared to pulmonary and renal tissues, where TGFβ and its associated superfamily are known to be key drivers of fibrosis and modulate extracellular matrix homeostasis. We hypothesised that differential expression of TGFβ superfamily members would exist between samples of human rotator cuff tendons with established disease compared to healthy control tendons. Methods: Healthy and diseased rotator cuff tendons were collected from patients presenting to an orthopaedic referral centre. Diseased tendinopathic (intact) and healthy rotator cuff tendons were collected via ultrasound-guided biopsy and torn tendons were collected during routine surgical debridement. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the protein and gene expression profiles of TGFβ superfamily members in these healthy and diseased tendons. Results: TGFβ superfamily members were dysregulated in diseased compared to healthy tendons. Specifically, TGFβ-1, TGFβ R1 and TGFβ R2 proteins were reduced (p Conclusions: We propose down-regulation of TGFβ pathways in established tendon disease may be a protective response to limit disease-associated fibrosis. The disruption of the TGFβ axis with disease suggests associated downstream pathways may be important for maintaining healthy tendon homeostasis. The findings from our Page 3 of 26 study suggest that patients with established tendon disease would be unlikely to benefit from therapeutic TGFβ blockade, which has been investigated as a treatment strategy in several animal models. Future studies should investigate the expression profile of fibrotic mediators in earlier stages of tendon disease to improve understanding of the targetable mechanisms underpinning tendon fibrosis.


The goal of this work is to study the way student designers use heuristics to effectively design for laser-cut manufacturing methods. With the recent advent of academic makerspaces, digital fabrication tools like laser cutters are a relatively new addition to the classroom. Therefore, there is a gap in formal education or training on these tools, and students can find it challenging to design effectively for them. A study was performed to investigate the way students apply heuristics to redesign laser cut assemblies when received in different modalities. All participants were given an identical lecture on laser cutter heuristics. Then, a redesign problem was presented, and three experimental groups were given the heuristics in different modalities: Text-Only, text with Visual aids, and text with Tactile aids. The novelty and quality of each of the resulting redesigns was evaluated. It was hypothesized that participants would have more difficulty interpreting and applying the Text-Only heuristics, lowering the quality of redesigned solutions relative to the other two conditions. It was also hypothesized that participants would experience fixation caused by interacting with tactile aids, leading to lower novelty of their redesigned solutions relative to the other two conditions. Results showed that modality played a significant role in participants' feelings of self-efficacy after the intervention, as well as in their understanding of laser cutter design skills when responding to quiz-style questions. However, analysis of novelty and quality showed no significant impact of the intervention and varying modalities on participants' designs.


Two-component models provide a good description of debris growth from the outset of launch to the present, predictions of future trends, and assessments of their sensitivity. Launch rate reductions produce less than proportional reductions in debris, for reasons that are discussed. The shift of debris to higher altitudes is assessed quantitatively, although the details of the growth are discussed elsewhere.


We present in this paper the status of the calibration unit for the interferometric infrared imager LINC-NIRVANA that will be installed on the Large Binocular Telescope, Arizona. LINC-NIRVANA will combine high angular resolution (~10 mas in J), and wide field-of-view (up to 2'×2') thanks to the conjunct use of interferometry and MCAO. The goal of the calibration unit is to provide calibration tools for the different sub-systems of the instrument. We give an overview of the different tasks that are foreseen as well as of the preliminary detailed design. We show some interferometric results obtained with specific fiber splitters optimized for LINC-NIRVANA. The different components of the calibration unit will be used either during the integration phase on site, or during the science exploitation phase of the instrument.


This paper discusses the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship and its significance to university education, societal development and economic development. It analyzes and presents academic entrepreneurship as a leadership process of creating value through acts of organizational creation, renewal or innovation within or outside the university that results in research and technology commercialization. The study identifies the complexities involved in nurturing the entrepreneurial academic paradigm and the impact it has on the leadership role of the university. Academic entrepreneurship is a new phenomenon in Malaysia and the focus has very much been placed on research and technology commercialization. The evolution of academic entrepreneurship in the Malaysian context is examined. From these discussions, the paper offers an integrated framework of a university's entrepreneurial system which takes into account the role and linkages between the government, university and industry. Last but not least, it discusses issues, challenges, the way forward for Malaysian universities and implication for academic entrepreneurship research. Key-Words: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Technology Commercialization, Framework, Academic


Background: A long‐term gluten‐free diet (GFD) as a first‐choice treatment for dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) has been used successfully. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possibility of treating all severe skin manifestations of DH by a GFD only. Methods: Seventy‐two patients with DH were subdivided in two groups: group A (18 patients) underwent a GFD and received dapsone; group B (54 patients) underwent a GFD. Patients were subdivided into slight, moderate and severe forms. Results: A total of 88.9% of patients treated with dapsone and a GFD (group A) had remission of skin manifestations and the remaining 11.1% were improved. In group B, 87% of patients showed complete remission of skin manifestations after 18 months of a GFD; 13% showed improvement. With regard to severe forms, after an 18‐month treatment, 70.4% of patients in group B; 66.6% in group A. Conclusion: Our study shows that a GFD, if administered steadily and for a long period, can be a valid treatment for severe forms of DH. Dapsone can be useful to control the inflammatory phase of the disease.


We study the structure of a half-layered earth by constructing a mathematical model of electromagnetic response from a right skewed curve conductive profile in ground.


Gaogong was a famous politician and reformer in the periods of Jiaqing and Longqing in the Ming Dynasty.On the basis of generalizing and summing up experience of politics,he criticized hollow ideas embraced by a Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties,further expounded his Real Learning thoughts with the feature of highlighting "the real," displaying the important theoretical qualities——dealing with concrete matters relating to work,seeking truth from facts,practice priority,criticism and reform,etc.


The UK electorate will vote on whether to exit the EU in a referendum before the end of 2017. Costas Milas writes that it is important that for David Cameron and the government to monitor closely whether 'Brexit' talk continues to receive, in coming months, the attention of the EU public. This will help form a set of realistic demands while also ensuring that expectations at home remain well-anchored.


A method for performance-characteristic creation of a turbomachine has been developed to enable smooth characterization across various operating points without the need to simulate these points individually. The method itself involves the initial steady state CFD simulation of a turbomachinery flow path as is standard practice in the industry. This typically involves single blade row RANS analysis. The method involves adjusting the boundary condition(s) to sweep across a characteristic during simulation execution. The change in boundary conditions occurs at every iteration, however the change at each iteration is deliberately made sufficiently small so as not to significantly impact convergence characteristics such as equation residuals. Therefore, even though steady-state is never truly achieved during mapping of the characteristic, the rate of change is small enough that the method can be called a pseudo-steady state result.
 In addition to generating a continuous characteristic, the method also enables the extraction and amplification of effects that are not otherwise easily predicted from steady-state CFD methods, and whose prediction and analysis using other methods, such as transient CFD computation, may be significantly more computationally costly. A specific example is the detection of stall/surge phenomena. A mathematical method has also been developed to evaluate stall behavior by applying a gaussian window filter on the convergence history and amplification of the resulting filtered convergence data. The method is most similar to experimental-based methods of stall and surge detection in that they rely on the detection of symptomatic phenomena such as vibration or acoustics rather than evaluation of underlying physics. Here, the detection of relatively small aggregate changes in steady-state simulation behavior is indicative of instability. The method is applied to three sample cases encompassing a broad sampling of turbomachinery: A multistage radial blower, a two-stage NASA transonic compressors, and an inducer pump.


Objective
To study the effect of mean arterial pressure (MAP) level on acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with septic shock, and to determine the best resuscitation target MAP to prevent the occurrence or progression of sepsis- associated AKI.

Methods
The study subjects included 168 adult patients with septic shock (age≥65 years) who were admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2016 to January 2019. The clinical data of all enrolled patients were retrospectively analyzed. The baseline data were compared between the AKI group (n=111) and non-AKI group (n=57). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of AKI in patients with septic shock.

Results
① The first, second, third, and forth quartile of ΔMAP (pre-resuscitation MAP minus post-resuscitation MAP) were -24.3-3.9 mmHg, 4.0-12.3 mmHg, 12.4-19.8 mmHg, and 19.9-43.5 mmHg, respectively. The second to fourth quartile interval wasΔMAP ≥4 mmHg.② There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, sex, pre-resuscitation MAP, MAP at first hour, SOFA score, positive culture ratio, negative culture ratio, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular accident, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal ulcer, liver cirrhosis, and tumor between the two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in post-resuscitation MAP (P=0.01), APACHEⅡ score (P=0.02), diabetes mellitus (P=0.01), fluid balance (P=0.01), and ΔMAP from the second to fourth quartile (P=0.03) between the two groups.③ ΔMAP ≥4 mmHg (OR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.12-0.57, P=0.01), diabetes (OR=6.03, 95%CI: 1.35-44.16, P=0.04), and high APACHE Ⅱ score (OR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.84-0.97, P=0.02) were closely related to the increased incidence of AKI in patients with septic shock. Post-resuscitation MAP and fluid balance had no significant effect on the incidence of AKI in patients with septic shock.

Conclusions
ΔMAP ≥4 mmHg, APACHE Ⅱ score and diabetes were independent risk factors for the incidence of AKI in patients with septic shock. The incidence of AKI in septic shock patients with post-resuscitation MAP 4 mmHg or more lower than pre-resuscitation MAP is significantly increased.

Key words:
Septic shock; Mean arterial pressure; Acute kidney injury; Risk factors


The present investigation has been carried out to examine the thermodynamic behavior of aluminum in the hydrolysis operation of aluminum sulfate aqueous solution with sodium hydroxide solution and to determine the pH-dependence of the solubility of the precipitate produced in the hydrolysis at 333K. The results obtained are summarized as follows. (1) The hydrolysis proceeds via two steps. In the case where the initial concentration of Al2(SO4)3


The Republic of Costa Rica covers an area of about twenty thousand square miles and comprises all of the lower end of the semi-continental mass of Central America where it narrows to form the Isthmus of Panama.


References 1 Earnshaw CH, Hunter HJA, McMullen E, et al. Reduction in skin cancer diagnosis, and overall cancer referrals, during the COVID19 pandemic. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183: 792–794. 2 Ling R, Lee J. Disease monitoring and health campaign evaluation using Google search activities for HIV and AIDS, stroke, colorectal cancer, and marijuana use in Canada: a retrospective observational study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2016; 2: e156. 3 Heerfordt C, Heerfordt IM. Has there been an increased interest in smoking cessation during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic? A Google Trends study. Public Health 2020; 183: 6–7. 4 Pollack LA, Li J, Berkowitz Z, et al. Melanoma survival in the United States, 1992 to 2005. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011; 65: S78.e1–S78.e10. 5 Thompson AK, Kelley BF, Prokop LJ, et al. Risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma recurrence, metastasis, and disease-specific death. JAMA Dermatol 2016; 152: 419– 428.


In this work, we study a class of non‐autonomous two‐time‐scale stochastic reaction‐diffusion equations driven by Poisson random measures, in which the coefficients satisfy the polynomial growth condition and local Lipschitz condition. First, the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution are proved by constructing auxiliary equations and using the technique of stopping time. Then, consider that the time dependent of the coefficients, the averaged equation is redefined by studying the existence of time‐dependent evolution family of measures associated with the frozen fast equation. Further, the slow component that strongly converges to the solution of the corresponding averaged equation is verified by using the classical Khasminskii method.


Background:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/ threonine kinase,whose effect can be blocked by rapamycin. The main effect of mTOR signaling pathway is to promote cell growth by regulating gene transcription and protein translation. mTOR evidently plays an important role in central nerve system,in which protein synthesis for synaptic plasticity mediated by this pathway is essential for memory formation. Addiction is a long-term neuroadaptation process with high rate of relapse when addicts are exposed to the drug,drug related cues and pressure. Previous study has demonstrated that mTOR signaling pathway involved in the drug rewarding and seeking. However,whether mTOR signaling pathway plays a role in relapse to drug seeking after withdrawal is not investigated. Objective:Using the model of reinstatement of cocaine self-administration after withdrawal in rats to investigate the role of mTOR signaling pathway in relapse of drug seeking. Methods:1) Male,Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered(iv) cocaine in the presence of discrete conditioned cues (tone+light) in daily 3-h sessions for ten days. After extinction,rats were exposed to drug related cues in the reinstatement test. The levels of phosphorylated p70s6k in core and shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc) in rats after exposure were examined by Western blot and were compared with the levels in the rats with no reinstatement test. 2) In cue-induced reinstatement test,rats were microinjected the rapamycin into NAc core or shell 30 min before drug-related cues exposure. Response to active nose poke in the reinstatement test was recorded. The levels of phosphorylated p70s6k in NAc core and shell in rats after exposure were also examined. 3)Rats were trained for cocaine self-administration. After extinction,rats underwent reinstatement test induced by cocaine priming,and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin were microinjected into NAc core or shell of 30min before priming. Response to active nose poke in the reinstatement test was recorded. 4) During the cocaine self-administration training,rats were received rapamycin microinjection into NAc core or shell after reaching stable cocaine self-administration. In the next day,the number of cocaine infusion was recorded to observe the effect of rapamycin on the cocaine reforcing effect. Results:Drug-related cues exposure induced reinstatement enhanced the phosphorylated p70s6k level in NAc core but not in shell. The level of tolal p70s6k had no change. Inhibition of the activated mTOR signaling pathway by microinjection of rapamycin into NAc core attenuated the cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine self-administration compared with vehicle injection in rats,while the NAc shell microinjection has no effects. Results of Westen blot showed that the level of phosphorylated p70s6k in NAc core was decresed in the rats with rapamycin infusion into NAc core,while no decreasing was observed in NAc shell. Total p70s6k levels were no change in both brain areas. Microinjection of rapamycin into NAc shell can significantly attenuate the reinstatement of cocaine self-administration induced by cocaine priming compared with vehicle microinjection in rats,while the NAc core rapamycin microinjection has no effects. These results suggested that mTOR signaling pathway activation was involved in the reinstatement,and inhibiting mTOR could inhibit the reinstatement to cocaine seeking. In addition,microinjection of rapamycin into NAc core or shell did not affect the acquired cocaine self-administration,indicating that rapamycin did not decrease the cocaine reforcing effect. Conclusion:The presented study found that rapamycin microinjention into NAc shell and core can effectively block the reinstatement of cocaine self-administration induced by cocaine-priming and drug-related cue,respectively,by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway in NAc. It demonstrated that mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in the relapse to drug seeking after withdrawal. These findings extend our understanding of the neurobiology of drug addiction,and provide evidence for the development of therapeutic treatment of relapse prevention.


Need for The Study Much attention has been paid to the conditions in public education, Eiaphasis has been expressly focused on what has been happening in large city schools. The spotlight has, naturaLly, been aimed at the city because this is where the action has surfaced most explosively for the past decade or so. Traumatic demonstrations, power struggles, horizontal violence among students, fear ladened classrocxns and token graduates ccmprise fertile soil for local and national concern. Little has cane to light that the critics of the city schools consider promising. What has been labeled in this study as the External Curriculum is one of the small but bright comers that gives cause for hope to the consumers of public education in the dense nort.hem colonies of the poor and the minorities. Statement of The Problem This study attempted to explore, for purposes of identification, the existence and general nature of the educational process designated as the External Curriculum. The Ebcbemal Curriculum is a process that results in the composite of skills, understanding, political finesse ari personal growth that laymen develop when they seriously involve thonselves in efforts to make the schools work for their children and themselves. The hope is


We extend the notion of inverse shadowing defined for dieomorphisms to flows, and show that an expansive flow on a compact manifold with the shadowing property has the inverse shadowing property with respect to the classes of continuous meth- ods. As a corollary we obtain that a hyperbolic flow also has the inverse shadowing property with respect to the classes of continuous methods.


Different approaches to model packing and size effects are studied to model overall properties of particulate composites of different morphological features of phase distribution. The micromechanical schemes originating in the composite sphere model and its extension by morphologically-based pattern approach are taken as a basis. Analytical predictions are compared with results of computational homogenization performed on the generated representative volume elements of prescribed statistical characteristics.


A liquid core optical fiber total reflection cell, used first for Raman scattering spectrometry"2, was recently used by Fuwa et al. for colorimetry.3-5 By applying a solvent with a refractive index higher than that of the cell material to a long capillary cell (LCC), the LCC became highly light transmissible, and the enhancement of absorbance by about 3X104 times was attained with a 50 m LCC.3 In their cell system, however, only a few organic solvents, such as carbon disulfide and benzene, can be used, which greatly limits the applicability of the method. Fuwa's group also investigated a linear type cell in their primary work on the LCC colorimetry, in which the incident light was transmitted mainly with successive mirror reflections at aluminum taped outer surfaces of the LCC. Although the linear cell system (1 m) was found to be useful for the measurement of small absorption in aqueous samples, their attempt to change the cell shape, i. e. curving or looping the LCC, resulted in serious attenuation of the incident light. A 70 cm looped LCC (1 turn of loop diameter 15 cm) could transmit only 2.8X106 times less light energy than a linear LCC of the same length.6 Dasgupta also reported that a 10 cm mirror reflective helical cell behaved as a multipath cell and 54 cm of the effective path length was observed. But the cell attenuated the incident light by nearly 6 orders of magnitude.' We propose a new type of LCC for liquid absorption spectrometry, in which the incident light can be transmitted based on successive total reflection not at the boundary between the solvent and the cell wall but at that between the cell wall and the atmosphere. The present paper describes an uncoated and uncovered capillary tubing of Pyrex glass as an LCC. In this cell system, almost all the solvents including water can be used, and the attenuation of the incident light is minimum and independent of the cell shape.


A combustion process showing a slow temperature rise was realized in an intense radiation field by burning a lean combustible mixture in a cylindrical combustion chamber lined with a refractory in which a permeable plate was placed at the upstream and downstream ends, respectively. It was found by the measurement of the temperature and composition of gas along with the ion current and by high-speed schlieren photography, that a laminar flame was attached to the lower part of the red-hot refractory surface and that it spread towards the upper central portion, even if the mixture strength was below the lean flammable limit. The flame becomes convex toward the unburnt mixture due to some instability resulting in a kind of cellular structure. The flickering of the flame due to the wavy motion of the flame base and the cellular structure is the cause of the slow temperature rise.


We are all made up of tiny building blocks called cells. These cells are controlled by information stored in long thin strands of DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) which are stored in the nucleus (control centre) of the cell. The DNA controls the cells using signals from about 30,000 genes. Each gene is a specific piece of DNA that contains particular genetic instructions for our body to grow and develop.


The authors review post-war investments and then show the steps taken towards drawing up a modernisation programme for the lines on the German Federal Railway. The principles and objectives of this line modernisation programme are described and the method followed for coordinating the planning and implementation of 800 separate projects is explained. The article ends with a review of future investment possibilities.


Some three-term and mixed three-term relations for Hardy sums were given by Goldberg [7]. His proofs are based on Bernd's transformation formulae for the logarithms of the classical Theat-functions. Pettet and Sitaramachandararo [9] proved elementary proofs for all of Goldberg's results and also proved some threeterm relations of Dedekind sums. In this paper, some new theorems on three-term relations for hardy sums were found by applying derivative operator to three-term polynomial relation. Furthermore, proofs of the reciprocity relations for Hardy sums are presented in a more concise way from the original proofs of Berndt [2, 3, 4] and Goldberg [7].


Stocks traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in addition to conventional stocks also have sharia shares, sharia shares are shares traded on the capital market and do not conflict with Islamic law, the purpose of this study is to know and analyze the effects of investment gallery activities, Minimum investment capital, risk perceptions and perceptions of return in sharia investments among Uniska MAB Banjarmasin students. The population in this study were Uniska MAB Banjarmasin students with a sample of 137 respondents. Sampling using a purposive sampling method, and the number of samples based on Slovin formula. Data collection uses a questionnaire, then do data editing. Data analysis techniques using SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis using IBM AMOS version 22 software, so that the model that will explain the relationship between variables to explain the interest in investing in sharia stocks. The results of this study are: (1) The variable of investment gallery activities have a significant effect on students' interest in investing in Islamic stocks. (2) Perception of return does not have a significant effect on the interest of students to invest in Islamic stocks. (3) Risk perception has no significant effect on the interest of students to invest in sharia. (4) Minimum investment capital has a significant effect on students' interest in investing in sharia.


The discovery and study of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Sb) is strictly related to the concept of health promoting microorganisms from food. The first most well-known and popularized throughout Europe assumption of health promoting food containing living microorganisms was yogurt. Appointed in 1888 by Louis Pasteur, Ilya Ilyich Metchnikov working in Paris developed a theory that aging is caused by toxic bacteria in the gut and that lactic acid could prolong life which resulted in popularization of yogurt consumption. Metchnikov received with Paul Ehrlich the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1908 for his previous work on phagocytosis, which probably promoted his idea of today's so called functional food further and triggered subsequent research on this subject. Scientists started to look for traditional, regional food products considered good for health. One of them was French scientist Henri Boulard who was in IndoChina in 1920 during cholera outbreak. He observed that some people chewing the skin of lychee and mangosteen or preparing special tea did not develop the symptoms of cholera. This observation lead Henri Boulard to the isolation of a tropical strain of yeast named Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) from lychee and mangosteen fruit, which is nowadays the only commercialized probiotic yeast.


We would like to thank the authors of the response to our recent publication (Stock et al., 2020) for highlighting a number of important issues they feel are inaccurate or go unaddressed, and for giving us an opportunity for clarification. Our article outlines a process that began in early 2011, first as a UK-wide endeavor and later as part of the Global Task Force for Holistic Outcomes, an initiative of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA). The article also follows an earlier publication (Stock et al., 2016) in which we describe the process for achieving consensus in the measurement of psychological adjustment at age 0 to 7 years. At the time of the 2017 The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) publication (Allori et al., 2017), we were nearing the conclusion of our work in this area. Our progress had been shared widely and openly at many conferences and meetings over the years and we were disappointed at the time that the ICHOM initiative did not take more account of the work that had gone before. We did, however, give due consideration to the implications of the new ICHOM initiative on our own continued efforts. This included a careful assessment of the Cleft-Q measure (Klassen et al., 2018) as a candidate for inclusion in our recommended set. As a group, we admire the process taken to construct the Cleft-Q and believe it could be particularly useful in the facilitation of treatment decision-making. In this instance, however, the combination of Cleft-Q modules that would be necessary to capture each of the domains of interest (described in our 2016 paper) was deemed too burdensome for the respondent (and the clinician) and would have resulted in excessive overlap with our other chosen measures. A principle feature of our work is to identify those aspects of psychological adjustment that apply to all, and those that apply only to individuals and families affected by craniofacial conditions. Where issues are considered relevant to all, such as appearance satisfaction, social experiences, and emotional well-being, we believe the ability to compare patientand parent-reported outcomes with general population norms to be crucial for the appropriate interpretation of scores, the assessment of relative adjustment, and the identification of potential points of risk. In order to capture the condition-specific aspects of adjustment identified as important to patients and parents yet not captured by an existing measure, a new measure was constructed early in our consensus process. As stated in the article, the The Clinical Excellence Network Questionnaire (CEN-Q) is a nonvalidated instrument on which work is ongoing, and we acknowledge its current limitations. Importantly, the CEN-Q has been found to resonate well with clinical experience, and as we continue to collect data across a range of craniofacial populations we anticipate the opportunity to analyze and report its properties in more detail. We absolutely acknowledge the need to be transparent about the advantages and disadvantages of a given measure, and to make the decision of whether to implement each measure into clinical practice as easy as possible. Although a full description of the properties of all 15 recommended measures in the set was outside the scope of our article, we provide key information and references to the original papers, allowing readers to investigate further should they wish. Similarly, each recommended measure has norms that vary according to country, age range, gender, and the population under study. Again, although not possible to include these details in full, references are provided. We very much agree that a core measurement set should have international relevance. The aim of the ACPA Global Task Force is to develop and trial a framework for the assessment of psychosocial outcomes with relevance to all countries and cultures. To date, the measures recommended in our 2016


Spanish constructions of telic motion with manner verbs are somewhat problematic for the Talmian typology, while also posing a challenge for constructionist frameworks anchored in English grammar. In response to Talmy (2000), Aske (1989), Morimoto (2008), and Beavers et al. (2010) among others, I demonstrate in this article that this construction type tends to be acceptable whenever the lexical meaning of the verb implies an element of directed motion. Drawing on Goldberg (2006) and Pedersen (2009, 2013), I suggest that schematicity is a typological parameter, and, more specifically, that the term variable type framing may accommodate the case of variation under scrutiny here.


General expressions are derived for the excess carrier densities in the bulk of finite or infinitely extended panels of semiconductor materials under light excitation. The illumination is in the form of nonpenetrating rectangular or circular light spots partially covering the surface of the panel. Theoretical calculations reveal an appreciable change in excess carrier distribution as the illuminated region approaches the boundary of the material. Experimental results verify this effect and favorably compare with the theoretical calculations.


Background This study was designed to compare the effects of epinephrine with those of vasopressin on vital organ blood flow during closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a pig model of ventricular fibrillation. Methods and Results Vasopressin was compared with epinephrine by randomly allocating 28 pigs to receive either 0.2 mg/kg epinephrine (n=7), 0.2 U/kg vasopressin (low dose) (n=7), 0.4 U/kg vasopressin (medium dose) (n=7), or 0.8 U/kg vasopressin (high dose) (n=7) after 4 minutes of ventricular fibrillation and 3 minutes of closed-chest CPR. Left ventricular myocardial blood flow, determined by use of radiolabeled microspheres during CPR, before and then 90 seconds and 5 minutes after drug administration was 17±2, 43±5, and 22±3 mL · min−1 · l00 g−1 (mean±SEM) in the epinephrine group; 18±2, 50±6, and 29±3 mL · min−1 · 100 g−1 in the low-dose vasopressin group; 17±3, 52±8, and 52±6 mL · min−1 · 100 g−1 in the medium-dose vasopressin group; and 18±2, 95±9, and 57±6 mL · min−1 · 100 g−1 i...


For the wide application of photodetection, the type-II heterojunction structure was applied to the CdSe/CdTe core/shell structure nanowire arrays, and the detection range of the device has been su...


The new complex indicated in the title was synthesized and its crystal and molecular structures were determined by the use of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The crystal is tetragonal, with the space group P\bar4, and the cell constants are a=12.124(5) and c=7.985(2) A. The structure was solved using the heavy-atom method, and the final R value was 0.039. Two kinds of crystallographically independent mercury atoms in the unit cell are tetra-coordinated and they are in the tetrahedral geometry, where four sulfur atoms of the thiocyanate ions are ligated, respectively. The cobalt atom is hexa-coordinated, and is in an octahedral geometry, where four nitrogen atoms of the thiocyanate ions are coordinated equatorially, and two water oxygen atoms axially. Thiocyanate ions span mercury and cobalt atoms to form two-dimensional networks parallel to the (001) plane. The planar polymeric complexes are linked to the c-axis direction, through hydrogen bonds between coordinated water molecules and N,N-dimet...


Arthritis often impacts a worker's ability to be productive while at work. However, the ideal approach to measuring arthritis‐attributable at‐work productivity loss remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of 5 measures aimed at quantifying health‐related at‐work productivity loss and to determine the best available instrument for this population.


In order to evaluate the eff ectiveness of cowberry and blueberry pastes in the complex treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis, 72 patients of the Men's Health clinic in Kyiv were examined. According to the survey results, 2 symmetric groups of 23 patients were formed. The main group was treated according to the model: antibiotic therapy, auxiliary pharmacotherapy (venotonic drugs and enzymes), local physiotherapy and diet therapy with the inclusion of cowberry and blueberry pastes. The control group received a similar treatment, but without changing the diet.Evaluating the eff ectiveness of cowberry and blueberry pastes in the complex treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis shows that patients treated with the inclusion of homogenized cowberry and blueberry pastes in the diet demonstrate a lower intensity of symptoms of chronic bacterial prostatitis (according to the I-PSS scale) 3 months after treatment, namely: "urination urgency" and "subjective reduction in the quality of life" (p=0.03).


The bast fibers of paper mulberry (Kozo Broussonetia Kazinoki SIEB. and Kazinoki : B. papyritera VENT.) were subjected to the chemical analysis and pulping test by means of ammonium oxalate solution cooking comparing with those by the conventional caustic soda cooking. The extractive contents (water, 1 % NaOH and alcohol-benzene) in six varieties of bast fibers are generally higher than those in woody materials, as well as the content of ash (Table 1). The large quantities of pectin material are also characteristic of the bast fibers while very few content of lignin are observed.The ratio of pectin/lignin content reached at around 6.1 in average of six samples tested (Table 2). The pulping yields by ammonium oxalate cooking were always higher than those by caustic soda cooking at similar chemical concentration of cooking liquor (Fig. 1). The strengths of pulp obtained by ammonium oxalate cooking were also remarkably higher than those obtained by caustic soda cooking (Fig. 3 & 4). The results of cooking test on temperature in ammonium oxalate solution show that the highest strength of pulp is given at 85°C (Fig. 6 & 7). The relation between the pulping yield and the strength of pulp indicates the beneficial effect of ammonium oxalate as the pulping agent for paper mulberry bast fibers (Fig. 8).Thus, it is suggested that the removal of pectin material located mainly in interfiber zone of bast fibers is so effectively done by the ammonium oxalate solution under neutral or weak acidic condition (Fig. 1), that the defiberizing to individual fiber will be easily done with few damage of fiber structure.


Spherical glass lenses are used in many optical industries. The curvature, eccentricity and height of a tool affect the surface roughness and curvature of lenses. The purpose of this study is the development and performance of a self-diagnostication ultra-precision lens polishing machine. In this paper, structure analysis is performed to reduce maximum displacement and to maintain outside the resonance region by CATIA V5. A spherical center setting gage is developed to increase accuracy of the manufactured lenses. The surface roughness, curvature and thickness of the manufactured lenses are measured and studied.


At the last meeting here in Indianapolis in March 1956, Dr. Joiner described the results of administering carbutamide to a series of hospitalized diabetic patients under controlled conditions. Since that time, we have conducted a trial of carbutamide on a group of outpatients from the Diabetic Clinic at the Pennsylvania Hospital. At present, thirty-nine patients have completed the trial and results on these patients are here presented.


In this paper, we consider systems with nonsymmetric feedback matrices which may be transformed, via a similarity transformation, into symmetric systems. We propose constructive conditions to recognize a-priori which systems are symmetrizable. It is shown that lumped-mass structures are not symmetrizable. The results are applied in an example showing how to place sensors and actuators on a structure in such locations that the system remains symmetrizable