The continual increase in the use ofmagnetic bearings in various capacities, including high-speed aerospace applications such as jet engine prototypes, dictates the need to quantify power losses in this type of bearing. The goal of the present study is to develop and experimentally verify general power loss equations for the high-speed operation of magnetic bearings. Experimental data from a large-scale test rotor have been presented in Part I of this study. Analytical/empirical predictions are presented here for the test bearings, a pair of eight-pole planar radial bearings, for comparison to the experimental results from Part I. Expressions for the four loss components, eddy current, alternating hysteresis, rotating hysteresis, and windage, are also presented. Analytical/empirical predictions for the test bearings at three different bias flux levels demonstrate good correlation with corresponding experimental data. Throughout most of the speed range the dominant loss mechanism appears to be eddy currents.


Abstract : The proposal's original goal included an investigation of a novel, asynchronous, decentralized approach to military command, control, and communications. Our accomplishments have been substantial and are stated subsequently. The communications and military C3 community and we, the researchers, gratefully acknowledge the support and encouragement of the BMDO/IST (formerly SDIO/IST) office and the US Army Research Office. We have successfully modeled and simulated complex, broadband-ISDN networks on a network of workstations, configured as a loosely-coupled parallel processor. We have also succeeded in pioneering the concept and design of a dynamic and distributed self-healing algorithm to achieve robustness and high fault tolerance in network management. Our pioneering study of fuzzy thresholding has led to a profound result in network buffer design. Fuzzy queue management adapts superbly to sharp changes in cell arrival rates and maximum burstiness of bursty traffic sources, yielding lower cell discard rates, high throughput of cells through the network, and lower cell-blocking rates. In the world of military command and control that dates back thousands of years, centralized C3 has been the dominant rule. Except for General Patton in World War II and a few reports in Operations Just Cause and Desert Storm, most military leaders practiced synchronized C3. Our research is possibly the first to formally characterize and study the concept of decentralized command and control through accurate battlefield simulation on parallel processors, for realistic battlefield scenarios. Performance results indicate that the decentralized C3 algorithm achieves faster reaction times to new and dynamic information.


This document explains the World Wide Web (WWW) and how to use it, with specific reference to sites that would be of interest to those in the fields of language teaching and linguistics. To use WWW, one needs a computer, a modem, and a search engine. Web sites contain text as well as graphics that can be downloaded and edited for educational or personal use. WWW sites are listed for computer software and development, linguistics, class resources, job opportunities, testing, U.S. history, student pen-pal opportunities, international organizations and publications, and specific languages and cultures. Each listing includes the WWW access line and a brief description of its intended use or topic. (NAV) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** World Wide Web Resources for Language Teaching and Linguistics Kenji Kitao Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan S. Kathleen Kitao Doshisha Women's College The World Wide Web is a massive computer database. It is a useful source of information, most of it free. It is very easy to use, even for people who have no experience with computers. There are thousands of WWW sites (computer-based information stores) all over the world. They hold massive amounts of information, including infomration of academic, personal, general, and commercial interest. Sites are located at universities, libraries, companies, government agencies, etc. You find WWW sites through direct addressing (typing in a site address), keyword searches, and "stepping stones" from one site to another (text links). Each site has connections to other sites. Certain words are highlighted and underlined in the text, and if you click on those words, you will be connected to another site. You can visit sites all over the world this way, and each site can lead you to more sites. You can fmd more and more information this way. WWW sites include text, pictures, sound, computer programs, video, etc. If your computer has the capability, you can see pictures, hear sounds, and view videos. From a web site, you can download or print text and pictures. You can then edit the text or use the pictures, if you wish. In order to use the WWW, you need a computer connected to the Internet CI\ and a browsing program, like Mosaic or Netscape. Netscape is getting to \,r) be the most common program. It pro/ides you with the screen and a set of menus in a setup similar to most Windows applications. cn There are many.search engines for WWW. You use a search engine by typing in one or more keywords. The search engine will give you a list of the WWW sites that have your keyword(s) in their name or description. This list includes some search engines (Section 14). Netscape also has a search engine. (like of FaucaltoNI Onsearch and iniproveniont U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) MATERIAL HAS BEEN G'. "'TED BY cktib,,,, rn document has boon reproduced as received bo the person or organintion originating it Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality BEST COPY AVAILABLE o 1 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Points ol view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI positron or policy Using WWW is easy and fun. In fact, your biggest problem may be that it is tempting to spend too much time exploring. The following is a list of WWW sites that are of interest to linguists and language teachers. The sites are arranged in 18 categories. For each site, the address and the name of the site are provided. In addition, in some cases, descriptions of what is available at the site are also included. Our own comment are marked with **.


We report the improvement of previously described method for determining deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity in serum samples that uses a fluorescently labeled DNA fragment as a substrate


Abstract Background Critical illness is a traumatic experience, often resulting in post‐intensive care syndrome, affecting people's physical, psychological, emotional, and social well‐being. The early recovery period is associated with increased risk, negatively impacting longer‐term outcomes. Aims The aims of this study were to understand the recovery and rehabilitation needs of people who survive a COVID‐19 critical illness. Design and Methods An exploratory descriptive qualitative interview study with 20 survivors of COVID‐19 critical illness from two community‐based healthcare settings in London, England. Data collection took place September 2020–April 2021, at least 1 month after hospital discharge by telephone or virtual platform. Data were subjected to inductive thematic analysis and mapped deductively to the three core concepts of self‐determination theory: autonomy, competence and relatedness. Findings Three key themes emerged: traumatic experience, human connection and navigating a complex system. Participants described how societal restrictions, fear and communication problems caused by the pandemic added to their trauma and the challenge of recovery. The importance of positive human connections, timely information and support to navigate the system was emphasized. Conclusions Whilst findings to some extent mirror those of other qualitative pre‐pandemic studies, our findings highlight how the uncertainty and instability caused by the pandemic add to the challenge of recovery affecting all core concepts of self‐determination (autonomy, competence, relatedness). Relevance to Clinical Practice Understanding survivors' perspectives of rehabilitation needs following COVID‐19 critical illness is vital to delivery of safe, high‐quality care. To optimize chances of effective recovery, survivors desire a specialist, co‐ordinated and personalized recovery pathway, which reflects humanized care. This should be considered when planning future service provisions.


Radiation characteristics of an antenna with the nonsymmetric current specified on the surface of an open gyrotropic cylindrical waveguide is studied. As the filling medium of the waveguide, a cold magnetoplasma is considered. The radiation pattern of such a source is calculated using an approach based on an expansion of the total field in terms of the discrete- and continuous-spectrum waves of the waveguide. Conditions are found under which the presence of a gyrotropic guiding structure significantly affects the radiation pattern of the antenna.


Abstract The psychoanalytic concept of resistance is explored in the context of occupational therapy. Research suggests (1) noncompliance with treatment is tied to conflicting perceptions on the part of the therapist and client; (2) a treatment alliance is necessary for achieving successful treatment; and (3) paradigms have emerged that are moving away from a medical model of disability. These new paradigms offer an alternate lens through which to view client responses to treatment. Therapist error, based on either faulty attitudes or lack of psychosocial competence, may play a part in the development of resistance. It is asserted that the concept of resistance can be conceptualized as a powerful force that, if confirmed within the therapeutic alliance, can lead to positive outcomes in treatment.


In laying hens at onset of egg production,estrogen shifts hepatocytic lipoprotein from generic very low density lipoprotein(VLDL)to very low density lipoprotein Y(VLDLy).These VLDLy are triacylglycerol(TG)?phospholipid(PL) and cholesterol ester(CE) rich particles with small diameter.Apolipoprotein VLDL-Ⅱ(apo VLDL-Ⅱ) and apolipoprotein-B100(apo-B100)are major apolipoprotein in VLDLy and induced by estrogen,they are indispensable to the VLDLy assemble.Apo VLDL-Ⅱ can confers lipoprotein lipase(LPL)resistance to VLDLy,after secreting into blood,VLDLy are transported to the ovary where they are taken up into the developing follicles by receptor-mediated endocytosis,and ligand-bingding repeat 1(LBR1)-ligand-bingding repeat 3(LBR3) play a key role in this process.It is hopeful to control the metabolism of the VLDLy by modifying the gene expression of apoVLDL-Ⅱ,apo-B100 and oocyte vitellogenesis receptors(OVR).


UML models will quite often lack some of the detail required for performance estimation. This paper explores some ideas to automatically remove layers of indirection and abstraction that hinder straightforward performance evaluation of UML models. Using UML makes the information accessible (since it is a widely know language) and reduces the extra effort (and overhead) needed for performance engineering. Much information normally present in UML models can be used for performance engineering, and adding extra information is relatively straightforward. Using these ideas in a CASE tool allows automatic performance calculations based on models at varying levels of detail . And by breaking-down performance requirements at each design refinement they become tangible and more meaningful during development and testing.


The birth of the republican State in Colombia is marked by a process of modernization of the political and administrative institutions that is chronologically coincident with the process of Independence and constitution of the Colombian Nation. The article undertakes the study of the process of modernization of the State from the analysis of the modernization attempts frome part of the public administration, since its centralization and expansion constitute the key elements of the new state, its institutions and its legitimation. It is considered that the process of modernization in Colombia was truncated, at least partially, due to the failure of this modernization process. Through the case of the public administration of the Cauca Department at the time of the Great Colombia (1821-1830), three aspects are analyzed to give reason of this hypothesis: the absence of a competitive staff, the lack of resources and the little and very limited diffusion and appropriation of the ideas of the Illustration.


Objective
To investigate the clinical value of spiral CT coronary angiography (SCTCA) and coronary angiography (CAG) in the diagnosis of coronary myocardial bridge in patients with coronary heart disease.

Methods
The imaging data of SCTCA and CAG of 877 patients with coronary heart disease were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnostic consistency of coronary myocardial bridge and the measurement result of myocardial bridge length and mural coronary artery stenosis degree between SCTCA and CAG were compared.

Results
Two imaging methods in the diagnosis of superficial type and deep type myocardial bridge in patients with coronary heart disease had good consistency (Kappa = 0.872). The CAG measurement results of superficial type and deep type myocardial bridge length were significantly lower than the SCTCA measurement results: (5.46 ± 2.21) mm vs. (7.12 ± 3.04) mm and (9.75 ± 3.28) mm vs. (11.38 ± 4.44) mm, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The CAG measurement results of superficial type and deep type mural coronary artery stenosis degree were significantly higher than SCTCA measurement results: (38.08 ± 6.37)% vs. (31.69 ± 5.11)% and (60.40 ± 11.86)% vs. (52.38 ± 9.27)%, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05).

Conclusions
SCTCA and CAG in the diagnosis of coronary myocardial bridge in patients with coronary heart disease have good consistency. The SCTCA in diagnosis accuracy of myocardial bridge length is better than CAG, but the CAG in the diagnosis of mural coronary artery stenosis degree is better.

Key words:
Coronary artery disease; Myocardial bridging; Tomography, spiral computed; Coronary angiography; Retrospective studies


The Crostolo River section in Italy yielded a detailed record of the Upper Olduvai geomagnetic polarity transition that has been used to support the hypothesis of deep mantle control on the transitional geomagnetic field. The paleomagnetic record is carried by the authigenic iron sulphide, greigite, which was interpreted to have formed shortly after deposition. Our detailed scanning electron microscope investigations indicate the presence of at least 3 generations of pyrite, which usually forms with greigite as a precursor. This suggests that the total magnetization is a complex composite that produced a smoothed record of transitional field behaviour.


Abstract. Echium plantagineum is a significant pasture weed in the Mediterranean climatic zone of several countries, including Australia. This invasive weed, introduced as an ornamental into Australia (where it is known as Paterson's curse), quickly became established and is now a significant weed of agriculture. Although E. plantagineum is a well-established, highly competitive weed that thrives under disturbance and is tolerant of a wide variety of conditions, including varying soil moisture and drought, and some aspects of its ecology remain unknown. This study investigated germination response to temperature and light, pH, soil moisture, salinity, and pre-germination exposure of seed to heat and smoke. Temperature was found to be more influential on germination than light and the species is tolerant to a wide range of pH. However, available moisture may limit germination, as may elevated salinity. Management of this weed requires approaches that minimise soil seedbank input or prevent germination of soil seedbanks.


Preface The History of Offshore Oil & Gas in the United States Scientific Research to Support Offshore Oil & Gas Decision Making: Evolution of the Environmental Studies Program Offshore Oil & Gas Development: Legal Framework Index.


Abstract The physicochemical properties of hydrogenated diesel fuel and its fractions produced by hydro-refining, hydro-upgrading, and hydro-cracking were analyzed. The lubricity of diesel fuel and its fractions were measured by a high-frequency reciprocating rig. The relationships of lubricities between the fractions were discussed. The prediction model for the lubricity of hydrogenated diesel with a sulfur content below 200 μg/g was established by using the stepwise linear regression method. The coefficient, R, reached up to 0.981, and the relative error of the predicted value to the actual value was less than 7%. According to the coefficients of the prediction model, the lubricity of ultra-low sulfur diesel with high kinematics viscosity, high nitrogen content, and low cycloparaffins content under the condition of deep hydrogenation was relatively inferior. The model could well predict the lubricity of the ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel and hydro-fining diesel fuel.


Information is given on the time when safety belts in vehicles need to be changed. Dynamic and static tests have shown that safety belts which have been loaded as the result of an accident or have been fitted for a long period and frequently used do not necessarily have to be replaced. However, they do need replacing when (1) there is visible damage to the belt, the lock or the mountings; (2) when invisible damage impairs the perfect functioning of the belts; (3) when the vehicle, after a collision, exhibits large scale damage to the frontal area. /TRRL/


Food security at present is a hot topic and is increasingly receiving more attention. This is partly due to the fast growing population and partly to the more frequent extreme events that are affecting food production. Drought is becoming more frequent and in many parts of the world resulting in significant negative impacts on food production. Increasing food production to meet the need of the growing population and to mitigate the impact of the drought events requires increasing cultivable lands, irrigation water supplies, and the food produced per drop of applied water. The natural resources for food production are limited and in most cases, water is a limiting factor for food production.

Field and laboratory research has shown that Improvements in agriculture water management can result in producing more food with the existing water supply. Non-conventional water resources could be used for irrigation provided proper management is in place to safeguard the environment. Waste water is the most guaranteed water resource on the planet as it will always be available as long as human beings are still living on the face of the earth. The EU supported a worldwide project, SAFIR, to investigate the possible water saving techniques and the quality and safety of food produced when using treated waste water. The project involved 17 research and business partners and 14 sites. Two main crops widely used in the world, namely potato and tomato, were selected. The project involved microbiologists and hygiene specialists, agronomists, wastewater treatment specialists, modellers, irrigation scientists, crop scientists, agro-industrial companies, chemists, soil scientists and socio-economists.

The two main objectives were how to save water without reducing the crop yield, and how to use treated waste water for irrigation, while investigating the impact on food quality and the safety of the food for human consumption.

To meet the first objective, deficit irrigation which uses less water than full irrigation, where the full crop requirement is met, was considered. This included the use of the partial root drying method, PRD, where half of the vertical root zone is irrigated at any one time and alternated in the subsequent times. Deficit irrigation was also considered with the classical drip, furrow and sprinkler irrigation systems by simply applying reduced ratios of the full crop water requirement. Water saving also included application of water below the surface in case of the subsurface drip irrigation to minimize the losses by evaporation.

Small water treatment stations were installed at the top of the fields for waste water treatment were developed by the industrial partners and the water was checked for quality to ensure health standards were met before irrigation. This was followed by investigation of the microbial and chemical status of the soil, and of the tomato and potato crop in terms of quality and safety for human consumption.

The following papers will discuss the results obtained under the project and will highlight the issues and bottlenecks. The papers will show that there is a possibility to save water through the use of deficit irrigation, especially drip-PRD, if it is properly managed following root establishment. The socio-economic analysis papers will illustrate the financial gains when using such water saving techniques and the role of institutions in adopting those techniques and encouraging the use of treated waste water under controlled management. The papers will also show the treated waste water could be safely used, for at least 3 years, with no harmful impact on the human health and without negative effect on either fruit quality, soil microorganisms or soil properties, especially the heavy metals content.

The guest editor would like to express his deep appreciation to reviewers who within a short deadline provided positive and constructive comments for the authors to consider when revising the papers. Deep appreciation is also expressed to the authors of the papers for their efforts to revise and improve the papers in response to the reviewer comments


The presence of unbalance in the load, particularly, in Islanded Microgrids is gaining increased attention recently as it introduces unbalance in both load voltage and current. The existing work in this area is mainly focused on reducing the unbalance in the load voltage or sharing the negative sequence current equally. Furthermore, most of these methods are based on the knowledge of load voltages which requires a low bandwidth communication infrastructure to send the load information to the local DG controllers. However, the low bandwidth communication increases the overall cost and reduces the reliability of system. In this paper, a decentralized control approach for Islanded Micro-grid to share the load current unbalance factors equally among distributed generation (DG) units is proposed. It is shown in the paper that in an Islanded Microgrid, the presence of unbalance in the load current effects the DG output voltages causing them to become unbalanced as well. A droop-based control approach is developed that compensates the unbalance in DG output voltages and thus, achieving equal unbalance current factor sharing. A detailed Matlab/Simulink based study is presented to validate the performance of the proposed decentralized approach.


Humans have exaggerated natural habitat fragmentation, negatively impacting species dispersal and reducing population connectivity. Habitat fragmentation can be especially detrimental in freshwater populations, whose dispersal is already constrained by the river network structure. Aquatic insects, for instance, are generally limited to two primary modes of dispersal: downstream drift in the aquatic juvenile life stages and flight during the terrestrial winged adult stage. Yet the impacts of large hydropower dams can make rivers uninhabitable for incoming (drifting) juvenile insects, with remaining refugia found only in tributaries. The ability of adult aquatic insects to traverse such river stretches in search of suitable tributary habitat likely depends on factors such as species‐specific dispersal ability and distance between tributaries. To explore the intersection of natural and human‐induced habitat fragmentation on aquatic insect dispersal ability, we quantified population genetics of three taxa with varying dispersal abilities, a caddisfly (Hydropsychidae, Hydropsyche oslari), a mayfly (Baetidae: Fallceon quilleri), and a water strider (Veliidae: Rhagovelia distincta), throughout tributaries of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Using 2bRAD reduced genome sequencing and landscape genetics analyses, we revealed a strong pattern of isolation by distance among mayfly populations. This contrasts with caddisfly and water strider populations, which were largely panmictic. Analysis of thousands of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that realized dispersal ability may not be accurately predicted by species traits for these widespread species. Principal components analysis revealed a strong division between caddisfly populations upstream and downstream of Havasu Creek (279 km through the 390 km study reach), suggesting that the geography of the Grand Canyon imposes a dispersal barrier for this species. Our use of genetic tools in the Grand Canyon to understand population structure has enabled us to elucidate dispersal barriers for aquatic insects. Ultimately, these data may be useful in informing effective conservation management plans for understudied organisms of conservation interest.


The Sustainable Development Goal 6 seeks to provide safe and affordable drinking water and sanitation for all. Yet, achieving this goal is particularly challenging in many developing countries. New kinds of partnerships seek to push towards this goal, facilitated by trade and concessional loans and including increasingly sophisticated (Western) technological solutions. However, the increasing level of technology may pose challenges for the sustainability of the planned solutions, calling for localisation i.e., customisation of the technology to better suit the challenges and needs of the target location. This thesis looks at localisation of water service technology through a case study focusing on the water project planned by a consortium of Finnish technology providers for Kenyan water sector. This thesis aimed to provide the technology providers with a framework to support their efforts in planning the localisation of their solutions together with their local partners. The framework combines two elements: 1) the core challenges faced when implementing Finnish technology solutions in developing country contexts, and 2) both commonly used and new potential measures to address these challenges. The information used to develop the framework was acquired via semi-structured interviews with Finnish and Kenyan experts, supported by a literature review. The localisation framework was tested with technology providers from the case project with the help of discussion and related self-assessment of localisation needs. The framework identified localisation categories: capacity, and local ownership. Each category entails groups of together with corresponding suggestions for adaptation The interviewees from the case study project the generally and There were, on how the actual localisation should occur: while the interviewees emphasised target-specific customisation, the Finnish technology preferred a more general approach. As a the thesis suggests target-specific customisation of non-technical such as and of localisation into the development phase of new solutions. Finally, the thesis discusses the compatibility of the proposed localisation framework with the related financing instrument (Public Sector Investment Facility PIF). Although PIF does not seem to support as comprehensive localisation as proposed in the thesis, the framework was found to be compatible with the general objectives of PIF.


ranging from 1600 to 18,000. These results are plotted in Figs. 1 and 2 showing ar and a> vs the real frequency /i At each value of R the range of values of ft was chosen to include the whole region of amplification and also sections of the damping region near the neutral curve. In Fig. 1, the graphs of ar vs ft are monotonically increasing and the slope of these lines, representing the reciprocal of the group velocity, becomes slightly steeper as the Reynolds number increases. However, it is observed that at Reynolds number above 12,000, the slope d(y.r/dp, decreases with increasing ft at values of ft which correspond to points in the damping region beyond those of amplification. For amplification, a,must be negative and it is evident from Fig. 2 that, according to the present calculations, the critical Reynolds number is slightly less than 6000. The curves of a, = const are shown in Fig. 3. The important parameters of the neutral stability curve are given in Table 1. The critical Reynolds number, according to present calculations, is 5778 and the corresponding value of ar being 1.0219. The numerical calculations of Thomas give a neutral stability curve which is almost identical with the present results. Thomas found the critical Reynolds number to be 5780 with the corresponding a to be 1.026. Orszag's results of the critical Reynolds number and wave number a were 5772 and 1.0206, respectively. His numerical solution was based on expressing the differential equations in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. The frequency ft corresponding to the critical Reynolds number is found to be 0.269.


Duane Webster oversaw the Association of Research Libraries' (ARL) Statistics and Measurement Program as it evolved into the Statistics and Assessment Program. During his 20-year tenure as ARL's executive director, Duane was instrumental in the creation of ARL's Web-based Interactive Statistics and played a leadership role in the development of a library assessment tool kit, StatsQUAL, that includes: LibQUAL+™; DigiQUAL®; MINES; ClimateQUAL™, and Effective Sustainable and Practical Library Assessment (ESPA for Libraries). Duane saw assessment as a means of articulating the value that libraries add to a research institution, and a significant part of his career was dedicated to that pursuit.


The study was undertaken to: a) describe the profile of the growers of cutfiowers in the provinces of Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, and Davao Province, b) determine gender labor distribution in the activities and, c) identify the problems of the gpwers in the three provinces. Findings revealed that ail of the growers were beyond the age of 30. Majority were female, college graduates, government employees, had 5 to 8 household members, had an annual income of P 100,000.00 or less primarily obtained from employment and farming, and have been cutflower growers in their own land for more than ten years. The growing of cutflowers is essentially a woman's activity in the growing of chrysanthemum, anthurium, roses and orchids. However, the husbands in Davao Oriental participate more actively than the husbands in the two other provinces. Their children were not actively involved in their parents' activities in the growing of cutflowers. The growers have identified a number of problems in the growing of cutflowers, namely: lack of proper diagnosis and control of plant pests and diseases, constrained access to new technologies and planting materials, increasing cost of input, inadequate information on the postproduction technologies for the packaging and transport of flowers, and the influx of imported flowers during peak periods.


The electron beam cold hearth remelting process has emerged as an new melting technology.It is used to produce premium quality titanium alloys for critical rotating parts of the aero-engine and to recycle the titanium scraps successfully.In the paper,the relationships between the melting rate and the chemical composition of Ti64 alloy the TiN dissolution ability were studied.The results show that at melting rate of 70,100 and 140 kg/h,the Al volatilization losses of the EBCHR melted ingots are 22%,16%and 12%respectively.The artificially added TiN inclusions in the feeding bar are completely removed by the electron beam cold hearth remelting process.The as-melted ingot has homogeneous columnar grains in the outer region and fine equi-axed grains in the center region.


Mixed connectives are types of aggregate operators for fuzzy sets constructed from t-norms. Since these operators are situated between the fuzzy logical connective 'and' modeled by a t-norm and the connective 'or' modeled by a t-conorm, their parametric dependence tells how near they are from these two connectives and allows families of mixed connectives to be considered. The existence of elements in such a family situated between min and max is studied.<<ETX>>


The utility model provides a desulfurized gypsum material loading rapping apparatus, include the screen cloth and be provided vibrating motor on the screen cloth, the screen cloth supports through at least three elastomeric element said material loading mouth inner wall, line between the elastomeric element is not on same straight line. After desulfurized gypsum material was packed into in the material loading mouth to the forklift, the gypsum material directly was piled up on the screen cloth, the actuating the vibration section motor, and when vibrating motor gave the screen cloth with the vibration transmission, because the screen cloth passes through wall connection in elastomeric element and the material loading mouth, the screen cloth can be at material loading mouth internal vibration, and the back is broken up to the big desulfurized gypsum in block of the comparison humid material that will pile up above that, by the incompact entering hopper of screen cloth, when coming out from hopper feed opening less relatively, piles up with regard to the will not, effectively makes on desulfurized gypsum in the hopper goes the transport flat belt smoothly, avoids feed opening blocking phenomenon, the former continuity of propagandizing the material hotly of assurance to improved and fried material efficiency.


Objective: To search for the optimal scanning parameters for diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) in the clinical study of the cervical cord.Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical cord was performed in 40 healthy adult volunteers.Different parameters including b values,the numbers of the diffusion sensitive gradient directions,the numbers of excitations and slice thickness were evaluated and their effects on the quality of the images were compared.In group 1,DTI was performed on the cervical spinal cord with different b-values 400,700 and 1 000 s/mm2;then with different numbers of diffusion gradient directions 6,13 and 25 mm in group 2;different numbers of excitations 2,4 and 8 in group 3;and different slice thicknesses 2,3,and 4 mm in group 4.Results: In the comparison of the four different parameters,DTI using a b-value of 700s/mm2 showed a better imaging quality than those with the b-values of 400 s/mm2 and 1000 s/mm2(P0.05);DTI using directions of 25 showed significantly better imaging quality than those with the directions of 6 and 13(P0.05);DTI using excitations of 4 showed better imaging quality than those with 2 and 8 excitations(P0.05); DTI using a slice thickness of 4 mm showed better imaging quality than those with slice thickness of 2 mm and 3 mm(P0.05).Conclusion: Optimal parameters for DTI in the cervical spinal cord included a b value 700 s/mm2,25 diffusion gradient directions,4 excitations and a slice thickness of 4 mm and those were the best parameters in the clinical study of the micro-structures of cervical cord.


The proposed model was build with an aim to maintain constant output torque at a set-point irrespective of varying Wind speed. First a Wind turbine emulator for a Low Power Horizontal Axis Wind turbine using DC Motor was build in Matlab /Simulink then the strategy control was achieved by using Pitch angle control technique which comprises of an Integral controller and a switch .The output torque of the Wind turbine was fed to DC motor whose armature current was controlled by using a PI Controller.The Simulated result demonstrated a constant DC motor speed, armature Current ,armature Voltage at all permissible wind speed of the wind turbine. The developed system can be used to build a Wind Power Generation System.


Thorough analyzing the problems of traditional skill-oriented distance education and taking Windows Network Operating System as an example, this paper applies the task-driven teaching method to reconstruct the content of the skill-oriented curriculum, which has achieved decent teaching efficiency. What's more, the problems in the application have been also pointed out.


When Sid Davidson asked me to give this synthesis, I accepted rather reluctantly. It is difficult enough to attempt to synthesize five papers on a variety of topics, but even more difficult to follow a great synthesizer like Carl Nelson. In the search for a common theme, I have taken my topic title seriously, "Critical Synthesis of Conference Papers." On the critical part, I have been very well preceded-the discussants have done that admirably. Synthesis is something else. Again the search for a common theme that might be used as cement binder had to be made. The Conference title itself, The Conference on Empirical Research in Accounting, presented itself; I thought, "obviously the adjective 'empirical' is going to do it." But, lo and behold, forty per cent of the papers are specifically, either in the title or in the first paragraph, simulations. (Or if you don't like that statistic, 46'2% by weight. It seems that the simulators are at least a little wordier than the empiricists.) Empiricism thus doesn't seem to be a common feature of the papers. It would perhaps be better to synthesize on the Chicago origin of the papers-60% by number, 64% by weight-which is relevant, but not as a theme. I will talk to this point later. Then I turned to the noun, Research, in the title. Last year Carl Nelson made an attempt to link all research to empiricism-that all research had to have an empirical base. I consulted with my landlord who told me that this isn't quite so (even though he, the landlord, is a Chicago man), that the proper order is not that all research has to be empirical, but rather that research has to be tested. Now it is a wellknown precept in science (or rather scientific methodology) that one can't ever prove anything by observation. Rather, that observation may only support existing theory-even if that theory is erroneous-i.e., observation cannot prove that the theory is right. If, however, the observa-


Improvements in the outcomes of elderly multiple myeloma (MM) patients have lagged behind those of transplant‐eligible patients, likely due in part to the use of less efficacious melphalan‐containing regimens. To date, there are very limited data for the outcomes of elderly MM patients in the United States (US), particularly for novel agent‐containing triplet regimens. In this retrospective study at a single U.S. institution, the outcomes of 117 consecutive newly diagnosed, symptomatic MM patients over the age of 70 were evaluated. The median age was 75 years (range 70–95) with significant baseline comorbidities including 36% cardiac and 20% renal (CrCl < 30 mL/min). The median follow‐up was 43 months and the median number of lines of therapy during the study period was 2 (1–7). Eighty‐six patients (83%) received non‐melphalan doublet, triplet, or quadruplet initial therapy, most with significant planned dose attenuations. For those treated with dose‐attenuated RVD (n = 34), the outcomes were particularly impressive with overall response rate (ORR), complete remission and very good partial remission (CR + VGPR), and progression‐free survival (PFS) of 94%, 65%, and 36 months, respectively, and overall survival (OS) not reached. The PFS with RVD was significantly greater than that of all other regimens (P = 0.030), including RD.


An experimental validation of a direct near-field — far-field (NF-FF) transformation with cylindrical scanning for electrically long antennas requiring a minimum number of measurements is presented. Such a transformation relies on a nonredundant sampling representation using a prolate ellipsoidal modelling of the antenna under test and allows the evaluation of the antenna far field directly from the nonredundant near-field data without interpolating them. Its validity is assessed by the good agreement between the so recovered far-field patterns and those obtained via the classical cylindrical NF-FF transformation.


Abstract : The article gives a brief survey of previous literature on the general and rectifying properties of a gallium arsenide-metal point contact. Data are given on the processes of electrical forming applicable to manufacture of rectifiers and tunnel diodes. Results are given for quantitative calculations of electrical forming of a gallium arsenide-metal point contact. The calculations are made for two cases: (1) for the case of spherical symmetry assuming that the point contact has no size, i.e., the contact is represented as a mathematical point; (2) for the case of ellipsoidal symmetry, taking the actual dimensions of the contact between metal and semiconductor into account.


The purpose of the paper is to set up a method for landscape evaluation of land consolidation and study the ecological effects of land consolidation by taking land reconsolidation project in Jianghan Plain as an example.Methods of landscape evaluation and case study were employed.The results show that:(1)landscape ecological evaluation of land consolidation include three aspects:landscape classification,data process and landscape index choice;(2)the whole landscape becomes more regular,simple and less diversified after consolidation;(3)as for the landscape type, land consolidation changes the characteristics of landscape types like cultivated land,roads and water channels,ponds as well as rural settlements.On one hand,the land consolidation can improve the comprehensive productivity of the farmland;on the another hand,it also reduces the ecological effects of the landscapes like water channels and ponds.It is concluded that the landscape ecological evaluation of land consolidation presents a quantitative method for ecological effects of land consolidation,and it can provide theoretical base and decision-making support for ecological evaluation of land consolidation.


A new Schiff base has been synthesized from 2-amino, 4-chloro benzoic acid and Isatin (ACBAI), Metal complexes of the Schiff base were prepared from chloride salt of Ti(IV), Zr(IV) and Cd(II) in alcoholic medium. Several physical tools in particular; IR, CHN, 1 H NMR, Molar conductance, Magnetic moment and Thermo gravimetric studies. On the basis of elemental and spectral studies, six and four coordinated geometry was assigned to these complexes. In the presence of these results, it is suggested that this ligand act as uninegative tridentate in nature contain tertiary nitrogen, ketonic carbonyl and carboxylic group. TGA and IR studies confirm the presence of coordinated water molecule in the complex.


In this study, a sustainable HPLC-UV-DAD method was developed and validated for the determination of allopurinol in tablets and optimization of the dissolution test using factorial design. The separation of the analyte from the sample matrix was achieved in 3.01 minutes in a C8 column (4.6 mm X 150 mm X 5 μm), using mobile phase 0.1 mol L-1 HCl (25%) + ethanol (50%) + ultrapure water (25%) by UV detection at 249 nm. The method presented satisfactory analytical parameters of validation (specificity, selectivity, linearity, stability, precision, accuracy, and robustness), showing no matrix effects. The dissolution test was optimized by complete factorial design 23 and, the optimal conditions were: HCl 0.001 mol L-1, apparatus II (paddle) and 75 rpm. The analytical procedures and dissolution tests were applied to allopurinol tablets marketed in Bahia, Brazil, to evaluate the dissolution studies. The pharmaceuticals had similar dissolution profiles and first-order dissolution kinetics. This new and sustainable HPLC-UV-DAD method is friendly to the environment and can be used for the routine pharmaceutical analysis of allopurinol in fixed dosage forms.


In light of the difficulty in specific emitter fingerprint feature extraction,this paper presents methods for extracting fingerprint features based on bispectrum slice and bispectrum contour line integration.Firstly,this paper introduces non-intention modulation of BPSK signal,the time domain waveform of BPSK signal in the ideal case and containing the phase noise.Then bispectrum estimation of radar signal containing phase noise is elaborated.Bispectrum graph and contour graph of BPSK signal containing phase noise is simulated by the computer.Finally,we use bispectrum slicing method and bispectrum contour line integral method to extract specific emitter fingerprint feature,and validate the implement by the computer simulation.


We examine convergence and divergence of media systems of the post-socialist states in southeastern Europe, which were Republics in the Socialist Federal Republic Yugoslavia until their independence in 1990's. Countries in question include, from the west to the east, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, and Macedonia. One of the countries is today a member in the EU, one is expected to join in 2013, and others are in different stages of expectation of European integration. Their media systems are examined within the framework of the indicators for five main dimensions influencing the structure of media systems within the Hallin and Mancini model (2004, 2012) – the political history and context, media market development, the media and the state, political parallelism, and journalistic professionalism.


This paper presents a bottom-up approach to derivation of orientation tensor closures for fiber suspension flow models. To begin with, we consider polynomial approximations based on the two-dimensi...


Abstract The catalytic activity of copper, manganese, and copper–manganese oxide catalysts with respect to NO reduction with CO has been investigated in the temperature range 25–300°C. Copper–manganese oxide catalysts with Cu:Mn ratios of 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 where the two metals form spinel-like phases have shown the highest activity. With the three kinds of catalysts NO reduction proceeds to N2 formation over the whole temperature range. The texture changes of the support after heat treatment and the adsorption characteristics of all samples have been evaluated by means of adsorption studies. Chemical and X-ray phase analyses and EPR investigations have been performed.


Retailing dominates the informal environment where activities occur in private and public spaces. Notwithstanding the contributions from informal retailing entrepreneurs (IRE), a paucity of research remains on the complex entrepreneur-environment exchange and in particular, the relationship between retailing entrepreneurs and the informal environment in Caribbean economies. This qualitative study aims to explore the informal retailing environment between 2003 and 2018 for informal sector start-ups in the Caribbean, specifically Barbados. Guided by Gnyawali and Fogel's Integrative Model of Entrepreneurial Environments, content analysis of newspaper articles unveiled insights about the country's environmental conditions pertaining to (a) government policies and procedures, (b) socioeconomic conditions, (c) entrepreneurial and business skills, (d) financial assistance, and (e) non-financial assistance and its impact on new enterprise creations. The study's results imply that the Barbadian IRE have not been embraced fully, which reduces the likelihood of new informal venture creations testing the market and the potential for more IRE transitioning to the formal market. Empirical findings infer that efficient market functioning requires clear policies and procedures and fewer barriers limiting people from pursuing business opportunities, making the environment more conducive to new business start-ups.


Motivation in teaching has been found one of the significant factors in improving teacher-students' relationship, academic performance and students' wellbeing. However, the use of counseling skills in enhancing motivation of teaching is still scarce. Therefore, a university course, Personality Development, conducted using counselling skills is made compulsory for trainee teachers. This study aimed to measure the effect of the usage of counselling skills in the Personality Development course in increasing motivation in teaching among trainee teachers.   A number of four hundred ninety six trainee teachers ( N = 496) who have gone through the course, and one hundred ( N = 100) trainee teachers without the Personality Development course were involved in this ex post facto design. The level of interest in teaching is compared by utilizing a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Result shows that nearly all trainee teachers who have taken the Personality Development course are at high level of motivation in teaching compared to those who have not taken the course.  Trainee teachers also gave positive remarks and concluded that they are more positive in dealing with challenges in educating students in the future. Findings give direction to design strategies for the university subject in enhancing motivation in teaching among trainee teachers.


In this paper, a novel modified single-ended primary industry converter (SEPIC) converter based on transformer is proposed with the integration of some passive components, the proposed converter obtains better performance such as high-voltage gain, low-voltage stress, and soft switching characteristic, which is suit for high frequency and high voltage gain applications like photovoltaic and fuel cell systems. For better high-frequency characteristics, GaN switch and planar magnetic components based on high-frequency material are used. Moreover, in the process of magnetic component optimization, an integrated scheme is applied to improve power density, and partly interleaved structure is adopted for lower parasitic capacitance as well as leakage inductance. Working principles, accurate steady-state analysis, and optimization process are presented in detail. An 80 W prototype has been designed to demonstrate theoretical analysis. Obtained efficiency was up to 93.1% at full load. Experimental results show good agreement with theoretical analysis and high feasibility of proposed converters.


Background: Time spent on social media users every day to encourage people always to know the development of information and make it part of their daily lives. Increased social activity in youth kalngan no accompaniment with increased knowledge about sexual health HIV / AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and contraception. Aim: This study aims to determine the long-standing relationship with the Internet usage rate of reproductive health knowledge. Methods: This study used a descriptive-analytic cohort study. Results: The results of the research in this study are no long relationship with the Internet usage rate of reproductive health knowledge where the p-value 0.534> 0.05 Conclusion: There was no relationship between Internet usage duration with the level of knowledge of reproductive health. Keyword: internet use, knowledge, reproductive health


A multi-user shared mobile payment protocol based on group signature is proposed. In order to solve the problem of limited resources such as computing power and storage space of mobile devices, a group signature algorithm with a shorter signature length is adopted. And smart phone is used as mobile payment proxy for smart devices. For user privacy protection, anonymous mobile payment and device use among family members are realized. This protocol uses group signatures and challenge-response based secure mutual identity authentication to resist parallel sessions, replay, man-in-the-middle, denial of service and other attacks in the network. Moreover, the complexity of protocol interactions of mobile payment and device use is reduced from O(n) to O(1). Finally, the indistinguishability game proof and analysis show that the proposed protocol in this paper can realize the anonymity of family members and meet the security requirements of the system, such as mutual identity authentication and traceability, and has certain application prospects in the smart home market.


It often happens that a physician wishes to know whether a patient has normal acuteness of vision; but exactly how to deter mine its existence or to state in terms of precision what vision exists, he does not always know. The following statement of the method of procedure aims to present it stripped of some points which, though essential to the oculist, are comparatively useless to the general practitioner. The necessary apparatus is a meas uring rod and a book of test types. The most convenient measure is a yardstick graduated on one side in English inches, and on the other in centimetres. Such a measure is made bv the Ameri can Metric Bureau, of Boston, and costs about fifty cents. The best * test types are those of Dr. H. Snellen, of Utrecht; their title is: "Test Types for the Determination of the Acuteness of Vision."


Basic Biology subjects are integrated between theory and practicum. Practical learning is an essential way that teachers can take to improve students' science process skills, so a valid instrument is needed to measure it. The objective of this study is to produce a valid performance assessment instrument in practical learning; a student worksheet in practical learning; the improvement of science process skills; and teacher response. The type of research is referring to model of 4-D. The subject of research is composed of the students in the odd semester academic year 2021-2022 at SMA Muhammadiyah Langsa. Instruments of research consist of validation sheet, student worksheet, observation sheet, questionnaire. The findings show validity score is 84% (good category); student worksheet in practical learning is 43% (very good category); there is the improvement of students science process skills before and after the practical learning, which shows by N-gain value of 0.64% (high category); and teacher response to developed performance assessment instrument is 83% (very practical category).


Nowadays society is profoundly changed by technology, velocity and productivity. While individuals are not yet prepared for holographic connection with banks or financial institutions, other innovative technologies have been adopted. Lately, a new world has been launched, personalized and adapted to reality. It has emerged and started to govern almost all daily activities due to the five key elements that are foundations of the technology: machine to machine (M2M), internet of things (IoT), big data, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Competitive innovations are now on the market, helping with the connection between investors and borrowers—notably crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending. Blockchain technology is now enjoying great popularity. Thus, a great part of the focus of this research paper is on Elrond. The outcomes highlight the relevance of technology in digital finance.


Characteristic vertical patterns of suspended particles, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll pigments in the North Pacific Gyre indicate that particle and oxygen maxima are found together in the upper part of the seasonal thermocline. The chlorophyll maximum is typically found 30 to 50 m below the particle maximum. The depth of the particle and oxygen maxima respond closely to changes in the mixed layer depth, but the chlorophyll maximum does not. The chlorophyll maximum is not only separated from the oxygen and particle maxima, but it is also little affected by changes in the surface mixed layer, suggesting that the chlorophyll maximum has its own origin different from that of the particle and oxygen maxima. Profiles of dissolved oxygen show that the high oxygen concentration layer extends to approximately 400 m, well below the euphotic zone, which points out that the primary source of the oxygen in this layer is the surface waters sunk in the high latitude Pacific and spread out in the gyre. Photosynthetical production of oxygen would be added on to the already oxygen rich water, but its net contribution appears relatively small since the oxygen concentration in the euphotic zone is not significantly higher than in the water below. Such a secondary role of the photosynthetic production of oxygen is also supported by the nutrient profiles; nutrient concentrations are uniformly low in the surface water down to the nutracline at approximately 120 m allowing only a low photosynthesis rate. The most significant change in the vertical pattern of beam attenuation coefficients is expected from the seasonal progress in the mixed layer since the attenuation maximum and the mixed layer are related.


We were interested to read the recent paper by Posobiec et al. (2021) in Birth Defects Research that reports a lack of teratogenicity using the anti-HIV drug, dolutegravir (DTG) in rat whole embryo culture. This is clinically important, as an elevated rate of neural tube defects (NTDs) was observed among women in Botswana taking a DTG-based regimen from conception (Zash et al., 2019; Zash, Makhema, & Shapiro, 2018). While further surveillance of DTG usage in pregnancy is vital and ongoing, there is also a pressing need for experimental studies to determine whether the association of NTDs with DTG exposure in early pregnancy is a cause-and-effect relationship. We recently published a study of DTG exposure during pregnancy in mice on a folate sufficient diet (Mohan et al., 2021). Exposure to DTG at a level (1 -DTG) that delivers blood concentrations close to those seen in humans led to fetal NTDs at a similar frequency (5 cases among 1,174 fetuses: 0.43%) as in humans. Other defects, particularly microphthalmia, severe edema, and vascular/bleeding defects, also showed elevated frequencies in the 1 -DTG dosing group. A five times higher dosing level (5 -DTG) did not produce more fetal abnormalities than vehicle-treated controls, possibly due to higher folate concentrations in the 5 -DTG fetuses. Posobiec et al. conclude that DTG lacks teratogenicity, but this deserves closer scrutiny in view of their study design and sample numbers. First, we note that 16 embryos were cultured in each of two DTG treatment groups (5.3 and 9.3 μg/ml), compared with a vehicle only group, and valproic acid-treated positive controls. Based on our in vivo findings in mice, a sample size of 16 would be expected to yield 0.07 NTDs: that is, no NTDs would most likely be observed, even if the NTD rate was the same as in our in vivo study. Hence, a similar low NTD rate cannot be excluded based on the authors' chosen sample size. Second, the authors showed that a relatively small amount (5–6% maximum) of DTG in the culture medium actually reached the embryo itself. The yolk sac, which surrounds the neurulation stage rodent embryo, appears efficient at preventing DTG entry. An extension of the study could have included DTG injection into the amniotic cavity, to bypass the yolk sac barrier (Copp et al., 2000). Third, Posobiec et al. have assumed that DTG itself, and not a metabolite, is the factor to be tested for teratogenicity. However, some agents (e.g., cyclophosphamide; Ozolins, Oglesby, Wiley, & Wells, 1995) need to be transformed by maternal metabolism, before gaining teratogenic action. Such metabolism would be expected in vivo but would not have been present in the rat embryo cultures. The rats that donated serum for use as culture medium could have been dosed with DTG to provide serum containing putative DTG metabolites, as a test of this idea. In view of these study design concerns, we would interpret the findings of Posobiec et al. with caution. A teratogenic effect of DTG remains a possible explanation for the higher prevalence of NTD observed in women exposed from conception.


43-year-old Caucasian female presented with progressive weakness and dyspnea. She was diagnosed with hypokalemic paralysis from a severe distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Immunologic work-up showed a strongly positive ANA of 1:640 and positive antibodies to SSA and SSB. Schirmer's test was normal. Renal involvement in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is not uncommon and may precede sicca complaints. The pathology in most cases is a tubulointerstitial nephritis causing among other things, distal RTA, and, rarely, hypokalemic paralysis. Treatment consists of potassium repletion, alkali therapy and corticosteroids. Primary SS should be a differential in premenopausal women with acute weakness and hypokalemia.


As health care becomes more complex, health systems have sought to enlist those who can engage patients outside the hospital walls.


Limestone mining activity in Gunungsewu karst terrain of Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta has been long time to be the livelihood for local communities. Evidently, by the number of ex-mining that have not been maintained and one of them looks like a stope hole in underground mining and failures could be occur at the stope. In this case, the sustainability of geoheritage area required geothecnical analysis to anticipate possibility of failure. This research conducted on traditional mining area in Sidorejo Village, Ponjong sub-district, Gunungkidul by comparing between the Hoek Brown and Mohr Coulomb failure criterion. Hoek-Brown criterion considering the geologic structures of rock mass and classification of rock mass using Geological Strength Index (GSI) whereas Mohr-Coulomb criterion is based on laboratory testing of intact rocks that will be affect to the value estimation of sigma 1, sigma 3, strength factor, and total displacement at the stope. Stability of stope will be analysed using finite element method that assisted with software Phase 2. The result of this research can be used as a reference to determine an appropriate acts to preserve the Gunungsewu geoheritage area.


The difference of influence of red leaf dieback on Eucalyptus spp.were analyzed by studying fertilizer type,application rate and fertilization method.The result indicates that applying different amount of Boron(B) and different fertilization methods have significant effect on controlling effect of red leaf dieback on Eucalyptus spp.;the combination of 150 g Diammonium Phosphate +15 g B(A3) +open emission furrow fertilization(B3) get the optimal effect;the mean ratio of transforming red leaf into green leaf reaches 98.2%,and the mean height sprouting can reach 103.4 cm.


Rampart, as a special human cultural and geographical scene, from the moment it came into being to now, has changed a lot in its locations, scopes, constructive materials, frames and functions, and the meaning of its existence has also changed greatly.


The main goal of this paper is to describe the integrated fuzzy logic approach to configuration and requirements management in the context of product lifecycle management (PLM) [1]. Configuration management is a part of PLM concept. In this work concept of configuration management as a process of development new products and control of several product's configurations was developed. The design process phase starts with requirements development (Fig. 1) and progress to product structure development. In this work the analysis of requirements management process was investigated and fuzzy framework to synthesis product configuration due to customer's requirements was suggested. Method implementation can be presented as a module for production PLM solution.


Ethnoknowledge is practical information inherently accumulated by humanity and passed on from one generation to the next mostly by word of mouth in time and space. The knowledge is mainly esoteric, localized, and manifests in many different, unique, and useful formats with ethnopractitioners. This chapter demonstrates that the AbaWanga people of Kenya have developed potentially useful ethnomedicine systems based on ethnobotany, with more males than females participating as ethnopractitioners. This gendered divide is shaped and influenced by culture and practices that privilege men in the ethnopractitioner profession. In part, then, this chapter is anchored in feminist pedagogy and andragogy theories. Communities of practice and use of technology are offered as part of the strategies that can democratize and change learning processes amongst ethnopractitioners. Lastly, the chapter offers recommendations, suggests future research possibilities, and provides implications for ethnopractitioner learning.


The research results on the defining the tinning optimum kinds and storage temperature modes for the cowberry and cranberry frozen and dried residues are presented in the article.


The present invention provides a gas barrier film including a base layer, and a gas barrier layer that is provided on at least one side of the base layer, the base layer including a resin having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of more than 130°C, the gas barrier layer being formed of a material that includes at least an oxygen atom and a silicon atom, a surface layer part of the gas barrier layer having an oxygen atom content rate of 60 to 75%, a nitrogen atom content rate of 0 to 10%, and a silicon atom content rate of 25 to 35%, based on a total content rate of oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, and silicon atoms, and the surface layer part of the gas barrier layer having a film density of 2.4 to 4.0 g/cm 3 . Also provided are a process for producing the same, an electronic device member that includes the gas barrier film, and an electronic device that includes the electronic device member. The gas barrier film of the invention exhibits an excellent gas barrier capability, excellent transparency, excellent bending resistance, and excellent heat resistance.


I would like to focus on two types of problems we must deal with in moving towards the library as concept, with the electronic information system as a primary medium and artificial intelligence as a major tool in aiding user access. We face both pragmatic and conceptual prob lems. The primary conceptual problem has to do with the nature of reference. One characteristic of the reference process is that patrons are asking questions about something unknown to them, making it difficult to express a question clearly. The patron must often talk around the problem, just as the description of a donut hole relies on the de scription of the donut surrounding it. The identifi cation of an information need must often be inter active; problems are clarified through dialogue. Users frequently leave out the context of a ques tion, or phrase their questions based on assump tions about possible sources or a likely solution. Robert Taylor, in his classic article of 25 years ago on information seeking and question negotia tion, spoke of four levels of information need—the visceral or unconscious, the conscious but vaguely defined, the formalized, and the compromised need.1 The compromised need is the one often brought to an information system or expressed to a librarian. It has been molded to fit the information system, and may bear little resemblance to the original information need. One task of the refer ence librarian is to help determine what the con scious information need of the user is. Expert systems are usually based on a major assumption that may be false in many reference situations—that the question posed by the user is a close approximation of the actual information need. The system may have a procedure for nar rowing a request, but rarely is there a means of completely reshaping the question. There is little means for aiding the user to move from a compro mised query to the conscious information need. Reference librarians all have favorite anecdotes of users whose initial questions bore little resem


The precipitin reaction, as measured in liquid medium (Boyden method) and double-diffusion gel method (Ouchterlony), was used as an index for estimating degree of serological correspondence in selected taxa of the Magnoliaceae. Proteins were saline extracted from seeds of 13 species and one variety of Magnolia, from four populations of M. virginiana, and from one species each of Manglietia, Michelia, Talauma, and Liriodendron. Serologically, Magnolia, Manglietia, Michelia, and Talauma can be grouped together, with the greatest serological similarity being between Magnolia and Michelia. Liriodendron was quite distinct from the other genera, although all have one antigen-antibody component in common. Although interspecific tests in Magnolia placed M. obovata and M. tripetala very close together, they were distinguishable by some of the precipitin tests. There was very little serological correspondence between M. portoricensis and the other 12 species of Magnolia tested; in fact, the correspondence was less than for Manglietia, Michelia, and Talauma but somewhat more than for Liriodendron. Attention was given to the interpretation of serological data for taxonomic purposes.


Present communication mainly addresses the fluid transport characteristics of ferromagnetic Carreau nanofluid over a porous wedge, plate, and stagnation point with magnetic dipole effect for shear thinning/shear thickening cases. Suitable self-similarity variables are employed to convert the fluid transport equations into ordinary differential equations which are solved with the use of the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) approach. To check the accuracy of the present model, numerical results for various thermophoretic values for the cases of shear thinning/shear thickening, have been compared with the results obtained by using bvp4c (MATLAB) which divulges good agreement. Influence of active parameters like ferromagnetic-hydrodynamic interaction, thermophoretic, dimensionless distance, Brownian diffusion, suction/injection, Weissenberg number are graphically presented. Computed results manifest that shear thinning and shear thickening fluids express the opposite nature in fluid velocity and temperature for higher values of Weissenberg number. Among the wedge, plate and stagnation point of the plate, the magnitude of heat transfer over the plate is significant for increasing Ferromagnetic-hydrodynamic interaction parameter. Furthermore, it is noticed that higher values of suction/injection parameter decline the fluid temperature over a plate, wedge and stagnation point of a flat plate.


An architecture of a distributed parallel genetic algorithm was developed to improve computing resource allocation in parallel genetic algorithms. The architecture was defined on a network consisting of several computing nodes each of which had several computing units. The algorithm mapped the physical computing nodes to logical computing units using certain parallel mode and carried through individual migrating between neighboring units. A system with only two units was used to analyze the performance of the architecture. Four parallel modes, the serial, the simple parallel, the quasi -parallel and the migrating parallel, as well as the individual migrating fractions were introduced. The experiments on the search for the global maximum of the Schaffer function show that the quasi -parallel mode is better than the simple parallel mode or the serial mode when there is only one node, while the migrating parallel mode is better than all the other modes for certain range of computing power re -mapping fraction. Heuristic arguments were also provided for the understanding of these observations.


E-democracy is a modern paradigm that refers to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to support democratic decision-making in order to strengthen democratic institutions and processes, integrating the online activities of governments, elected representatives, political parties and citizens. It includes a variety of tools and applications, such as e-parliament, e-justice, e-consultation, e-voting and e-participation, through which citizens have the ability to interact with policymakers at local, national and international level. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the applications of e-democracy in four European countries, which are either pioneers in this field (Estonia, Finland) or are at a very early stage (Italy, Spain), with a view to highlighting good practices and the corresponding problems identified.


The use of CSR instruments in the public procurement sector has dramatically increased in the recent years. Nevertheless, a certain level of ambiguity raised questions on their juridical nature and actual impact. This study tries to answer these questions by focusing on two recently implemented measures aimed at making investments delivered through public procurement sustainable from an anti-corruptive perspective: integrity pacts and the legality rating for enterprises. Their impact, possible problems of legitimacy and relation with CSR have been analysed through a review of Italian and European Jurisprudence, legislation, literature and official data.


Abstract We report on experiments of the quasi-static growth and detachment of air bubbles in water from a superhydrophobic substrate, overcoming the maximum size limitation of conventional injectors due to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. The observations are in good agreement with a hydrostatic model, demonstrating that bubbles grow through a sequence of quasi-equilibrium states. Our experiments corroborate the theoretical prediction of a maximum bubble volume of approximately $6.04 {\rm \pi}$ and a critical base radius of $3.22$, both numbers in units of the capillary length (Michael & Williams, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. vol. 351, 1976, pp. 117–127). This maximum is also reached when bubbles grow in an unbounded, ideally non-wetting surface, establishing the ultimate size limit of quasi-static bubble formation.


Attestation is one of the critical problems to Trusted Computing.The solution project of attestation in TCG,due to bad extensibility,inflexibility,bad performance and leaking privacy,is becoming bottleneck to application,popularizing of Trusted Computing.In this paper,the formal concept of attestation is defined,functional structure and execution mechanism of the ternary and the quadruple attestation system are presented,and pointed out that the attestation of identity is a "push" quadruple attestation system,and the attestation of platform is still ternary attestation system,Moreover,the development about Attestation of Identity,Attestation of Platform and Attestation of Run-time Environment,and so on,are analyzed.This paper also presents a summary of the current state of these techniques,a discussion on the future research topics,and the challenges of attestation of TCG.


In this paper the recent developments in the new field of the organometallic chemistry in aqueous media using tin, zinc or bismuth are reviewed. The Barbier-type reactions in aqueous media have been discussed in more detail. Also other typical reactions in aqueous media, such as alkylations of immonium cations, conjugate additions to α,β, unsaturated carbonyl compounds and crossed aldol type condensation. The syntheses and reactions of water-soluble organometallic compounds are also described. The mechanisms of some reactions have been suggested.


Four adult male goats of Jamunapari (21.2-29.6 kg) and Barbari (17.0-21.1 kg) breeds were fed in two separate experiments ad lib crushed dry mature whole pods of Siris (Albizia lebbeck) and Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) alongwith 1 kg green hybrid Napier fodder. The average intake of dry pods of A. lebbeck and L, leucocephala was 330 [and 306 g/d respectively. The digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, EE, CF and NFE in case of A. lebbeck pods ration were 49.85, 54.13, 28.70, 46.95 and 54.04. Corresponding values for L. leucocephala pods based ration were 46.88, 40.26, 45.63, 57,87 and 45.26, AH the animals on both feeds were in marginally positive N balance. The DCP and TON contents (on DM basis) of A. lebbeck pods were 9.91 and 35.15 per cent and the corresponding values for L. leucocephala pods were 5.41 and 37.51 per cent.


The load balancing is vital factor in communication networks of distributed system. The main purpose of this factor is to assign arriving or internally generated tasks or jobs among processing nodes of a distributed system in such a way that provides the highest utilization of the system resources and also maintain the fairness to the jobs. If the load balancing is not implemented properly, it decreases the QoS of real-time applications. It also hampers the effectiveness, accuracy of the data transmission technique, scheduling and processing time of the technique. So, it is essential to consider the factor that affects the load in the network. The main requirement of the load balancing in the system is, the two nodes can have direct communication only if their distance is under certain threshold, low bandwidth and nodes are energy constraint. Therefore, it is crucial to balance the number of packets passed by each node. In this paper, the focus is on the techniques that are designed specially to balance the load that exhibit adaptive approach for providing efficient and effective performance in the distributed system.


With the development of a low-carbon economy, zero-energy structures will become prevalent and take center stage in the construction industry. This paper uses the CiteSpace software to create knowledge maps of authors, institutions and keywords, and then examined and commented on research publications regarding zero-energy buildings in order to understand the research state and development trends of zero-energy buildings. The findings demonstrate that: (1) Since its inception in 2000, research on zero-energy buildings has advanced significantly; (2) A subject analysis approach is used to identify development trends and research emphasis, and the four research areas with the most papers published are energy fuels, construction building technology, civil engineering and green sustainable science technology; (3) China, the United States and Italy are the countries with the most activity in zero-energy building research; (4) Out of the eight most prominent keywords for the study subjects, the design of zero-energy buildings, the estimation of the carbon emissions of zero-energy buildings, the technical challenges of zero-energy buildings and the follow-up energy-saving measures of zero-energy buildings are the four fundamental topics covered in the most cited papers; (5) There are three obstacles to the development of zero-carbon buildings: unclear standards, immature technology and insufficient development momentum. The following three problems should receive more attention in the future: how to develop a widely accepted zero-carbon building standard; how to coordinate national support to achieve technological breakthroughs; and the establishment of an effective incentive mechanism at the international and national levels to promote the development of zero-carbon buildings.


Photoconductive elements have been employed to generate and detect ultrafast electrical signals in many areas of optical electronics.[1,2] One outstanding application of these structures, when they are fabricated on substrates with rapid recombination times, is as transmitting and receiving antennas that can be used for millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave spectroscopy. Experiments which characterize a terahertz radiation system using dipole-like antennas have been carried out,[3] and the system has been applied to the spectroscopy of dielectrics [4] and, in one case, n- and p-doped silicon.[5]


This article briefly introduces the main sources of aroma components in tobacco,including material basis resulting from planting,the degradation for the precursors of aroma components during processing,application of tobacco flavoring additive,and products of the burning reaction.


Technical, allocative, and economic input efficiency scores were estimated for an unbalanced panel of Swedish dairy farms, using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the stochastic frontier approach (SFA). By comparing the results it was concluded that when the entire dairy farm is studied the DEA is more appropriate to use since it does not require any particular parametric form to be chosen. The average DEA technical, allocative and economic efficiency indices were eventually found to be 0.77, 0.57, and 0.43 respectively. The influence of size on the efficiency scores was analyzed and significant evidence indicating a positive relationship between size and efficiency was found. Finally it was concluded that the main challenge facing the Swedish dairy farms is to enhance their cost minimizing skills.


A pinhole camera with a thin aluminium filter can be used for broadband photography in the wavelength region below 800 A. Two developments of this instrument are described which result in improved wavelength resolution. The first uses a camera with a reflection filter to provide sensitivity only in the waveband 170-800 A. The reflection filter consists of two mirrors used at 10° grazing angle to reject short wavelength radiation. The second instrument combines a pinhole camera with a plane diffraction grating used at grazing incidence to give increased wavelength resolution. This instrument has been used to obtain monochromatic photographs of a helium plasma in spectral line radiation at 304 A and 256 A.


The main purpose of this research is; evaluate the relation between communication skills and attitude to teaching of the students of primary school teaching and examine the variability's if it differs or not according to gender type of education class and the will to choose the profession and the reason in a meaningful way The sum of students whom attended to this study is 355 195 female and 160 male whom are studying at different grades at Cukurova University Department of Primary Education Teaching For collecting the needed data "The Scale of Communication Skills" and "The Scale of Attitude to Teaching" has been used The indications determine that the communication a skills does not differ due to gender but the attitude to teaching is meaningfully in favor of females Secondary education students have relatively high communicational skills than the first education students The attitude of the students being teachers does not show difference due to their type of education The results show that the communication skills and the attitude of being teachers of fourth grade students differ meaningfully in a positive direction A meaningful disparity has been detected communicational skills and attitude to teaching between the students whom choose the profession willingly It has been detected that "The ones choose the profession because they love it" have meaningfully high communicational skills and attitude to teaching than the ones whom have any other reasons Keywords: Primary school teaching Communication skills Attitude to teaching


The immersion and spray coating methods were used to prepared TiO2/ACF,CNTs/ TiO2/ACF and graphene/TiO2/ACF photocatalytic composite materials.The behaviors of adsorption-photocatalytic purification of formaldehyde on TiO2/ACF,CNTs/TiO2/ACF and grapheme/TiO2/ACF photocatalytic composite materials were studied in the photocatalytic reactor under the conditions of that the wavelength of UV irradiation was 254nm,the irradiation intensity is 20W and the initial concentration of the formaldehyde was 2.41mg·L-1.The preliminary results showed that the activity order of photocatalytic composite material was as follows: graphene/TiO2/ACFCNTs/TiO2/ACFTiO2/ACF.


Increasing interest in poverty alleviation at the beginning of twenty-first century has facilitated the rapid growth of various anti-poverty tourism interventions (ATIs) around the globe. The tourism–poverty alleviation link, however, is still not well established, partly due to a paucity of appropriate evaluation approaches that are capable of simultaneously providing researchers, practitioners and policy-makers with a deeper understanding of an ATI's mechanisms, the complexity surrounding its operational processes and evidence of its impacts. Additionally, ATI stakeholders' values and influences play a significant role in ATI evaluation yet their perspectives are often overlooked. Theory of Change (ToC) has the potential to generate a holistic picture of an ATI, as this innovative approach has been developed to connect stakeholders' theories of context with the mechanisms and outcomes of an intervention. Utilizing a case study of microfinance tourism in Vietnam, this paper provides readers with insight into ToC and proposes a conceptual framework which guides the application of ToC to facilitate the effective evaluation of ATIs.


Immunization with purified cardiac myosin induces autoimmune myocarditis in A strain mice. Because this disease parallels Coxsackievirus B3 (CB3)-induced myocarditis in many respects, we are now using the immunization model as a virus-free system to study certain forms of immunologically-mediated heart disease. In the present article we will describe several characteristics of the humoral and cellular autoimmune response acting in myosin-induced myocarditis. Furthermore, we discuss hypotheses which might explain how myosin-reactive T cells recognize and attack the heart tissue.


An experiment was conducted on genetic diversity in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) with 25 genotypes during the year 2006-07 at Department of Horticulture, Allahabad Agricultural Institute –Deemed University, Allahabad. On the basis of divergence, 25 genotypes were grouped into 6 cluster having 7 genotypes in the cluster I, 5 genotypes in cluster II, 6 genotypes in cluster III, 3 genotypes in cluster IV, 3 genotypes in cluster V and 1 genotype in cluster VI. However, minimum intra cluster distance was found between the genotypes falling in cluster II and maximum was observed between the genotypes falling in cluster VI, followed by V, IV and III. Maximum inter cluster distance and their genetic distance was recorded in between the cluster number V and VI followed by I and VI, II and IV, II and III, II and V, respectively. Highest cluster means for plant height, leaf per plant ,number of branches per plant ,days to first flowering ,fruit per plant ,fruit yield per hectare were recorded in the cluster number IV. However, maximum values of cluster means for fruit length and weight of green fruit were found in the cluster number V. Maximum values of cluster means for percentage plant affected by milibug were recorded in the cluster I, II, and VI, respectively. Similarly, a maximum value for percentage plant for ascorbic acid, fruit diameter was also recorded in cluster I, II & VI respectively.


Stress is the body's natural reaction to change, leading to physical, emotional, and psychological feature responses. It's supposed to assist the body cope with the situation, but it makes the mind feel like it's on high alert. When stress becomes chronic, it can lead to health issues, including sleeplessness, depression, and heart disease, if not addressed. Exams are very stressful for students. Despite the number of notes, techniques, and study materials available for passing an exam, the most common problem is an inability to deal with exam stress. As a result, it's vital to assist students in managing their stress levels. To fulfill this objective, in this work, we develop a model that can predict the stress level of a student. A survey was conducted where the data was collected through google forms. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) proposed by Sheldon Cohen was used to assess the students' perceptions of stress. It's a self-reported questionnaire that assesses how stressful a scenario is in a person's life. Three classification algorithms, SVM, KNN, and Naive Bayes, are applied, and accuracy, precision, and recall are used as performance parameters. The highest accuracy was recorded by SVM with 95.32%.


Xiamen-Naochaokou bridge is a steel box tied-arch bridge with a through type as basket handle. To simulate the interaction relationship for pile foundation, tie-bar and arch rib in construction process, the authors simplify the pile foundation using equivalent flexibility and simulate the change of tie-bar force using sliding support. The conclusive results are obtained through comparative analysis.


A spectrally efficient multiheterodyne scheme is applied for the independent measurement of the spectral phase profiles of three distinct semiconductor frequency combs. The amount of quadratic and cubic phase is quantified for each source, providing insight on the dispersive properties of the semiconductor gain and the fiberized laser cavity. This information is vital for the optimization and expansion of the spectral bandwidth of such sources.


In order to monitor ad hoc applications, it is necessary for MANET to possess a coordinator. Hence, a large number of protocols have been proposed for coordinator election in MANETs. Although, most of the protocols focus on reducing the number of control messages, there have been very little attention on ensuring the high availability of leader in the event of various types of failures, e.g., leader crash and unreachability of leader, especially in the scenario like rescue and warfare, where absence of leader, even for a short duration, may lead to havoc. The motivation for the present article is to address this issue, especially for large MANETs where it is impossible for most applications to run in the absence of coordinator. The proposed protocol is inspired by prevailing parliamentary polity, followed in most of the democratic countries, which always ensures the existence of an executive in order to coordinate and monitor various activities in addition to taking decisions regarding affairs of the state.


The objective of this study is to optimize the process of low solids cooking of eucalyptus wood by laboratory simulation.All cook parameters were based on the factory actual production and were in duplicate to obtain pulp of 16~18 kappa number and residual alkali was control in range of 6~8 g.L-1.The results showed that the optimum conditions of low solids cooking were as follows:Wood chips steaming time 30 min,the alkali ratio of the two stage 55:45,the active alkali charge 21%(based on NaOH),the extraction temperature 135℃,H factor 1200~1300.


A cordierite body with a low thermal expansion coefficient of 1.5-4 – 10-6/oC has excellent thermal shock resistance and can be used for manufacturing stove-top ceramic cookware. This study is aimed at developing a glaze for a cordierite body having a thermal expansion coefficient less than 3.09 × 10-6/oC. The glazes in a Li2O-KNaO-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system were calculated and prepared. The selected raw materials were mixed and ground in a ball mill. The samples were dip coated onto the cordierite body and fired at 1300oC with 2 h soaking time. After firing, the good visual crack-free samples were tested for crazing resistance by autoclave at 250 psi. The phases and thermal expansion coefficient were also analyzed by XRD and a dilatometer. The selected sample was applied to 7 inch diameter cordierite pots and these were tested for cooking on a gas stove-top or hot plate for more than 50 cycles. The results show that the glaze composed of virgilite and a zircon phase had a thermal expansion coefficient of 2.61 × 10-6/oC, and was smooth and crack-free.


Operation of the charge pump and the non-adiabatic mode has different properties with specific operating characteristics - is controlled to optimize the power conversion efficiency by using the heat insulating mode. Control is implemented by controlling the configurable output circuitry in the charge pump.


OBJECTIVE
To make qualitative analysis on saccharide spots in thin layer chromatography (TLC) chromatogram of SI-WU-TANG extract C, which possesses blood-enrichment activity.

METHOD
TLC chromatogram of SI-WU-TANG extract C was obtained by using Automated Multiple Development (AMD) method. 4 major spots in the chromatogram were analyzed by off-line coupling TLC electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) technique. Moreover, composition of monosaccharides in the fraction was analyzed by AMD technique.

RESULT
Main constituents of substances from the 4 spots were monosaccharide, disaccharide, trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide respectively. Monosaccharide was mainly composed of fructose and glucose.

CONCLUSION
Off-line coupling TLC ESI-MS can simply and rapidly provide qualitative examination of saccharide spots in TLC chromatogram of Traditional Chinese Medicine. AMD method can make good separation of 8 frequently-observed monosaccharides in a regular 10 cm silica gel plate, the process of which was automated, AMD and off-line coupling TLC ESI-MS techniques show good value in saccharides analysis.


The contralateral masking effect has been examined in a patient in whom, in all probability, the efferent fibers to the right cochlea har been severed. Masking of the left ear with white noise was found to influence the Bekesy threshold curves obtained from the operated ear, particularly a reduction of the tracing width was noted. The finding suggests that the effect of unilateral noise stimulation is due to central mechanisms, rather than to an influence on the oppositie cochlea. The finding also suggests that the anatomical substrate for at diminished tracing amplitude is not to be sought exclusively within the peripheral sense organ.Den kontralaterale maskeringseffekt er undersogt hos en patient, hos hvem de efferente fibre til hojre cochlea efter al sandsynlighed var overskaret. Maskering af det venstre ore med hvid stoj pavirkede Bekesy taerskelkurverne fra det opererede ore, specielt sas reduktion af takkehojden. Iagttagelsen tyder pa, at virkningen af ensidig stojstimulation beror pa centrale mekani...


The synthesis and characterization of a sterol with the same structural features as cholesterol and possessing a hydrophobic fluorescent side-chain suitable for membrane fluidity studies is reported.


Based on the experimental study and practical projects,authors introduce that the addition of water reducer will enormously increase the early-age shrinkage of concrete,and also present that the early-age curing will reduce the early-age shrinkage and the late shrinkage,which can well control non-loaded cracks.


Helicobacter pylori causes gastric lymphoma & is a risk factor for gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that chronically infects the stomach of more than 50% of the human population and represents a major cause of gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, gastric autoimmunity and peptic ulcer diseases [1–3]. The WHO classifies H. pylori as a human carcinogen for distal gastric cancer. Eradicating the bacterium in high-risk populations reduces the incidence of gastric cancer [4]. Likewise, antibiotic treatment leads to regression of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma [3]. H. pylori is also proposed to contribute to other conditions, such as vitamin B12 and iron deficiencies, idiopathic thrombocytic purpura and growth retardation in children [5].


The current injection power flow method is commonly used by the power distribution industry in real-time distribution management systems. The inclusion of reactive power control adjustments that simulate local voltage controllers is known to create multiple power flow solutions. The state-of-the-art for simulating local voltage controllers computes the most likely operational solution by considering the different precedences of the controlled devices, based on their speeds of response. This paper presents a novel sensitivity-based approach for simulating local controllers, which directly accounts for both controller interactions and the way in which the system state is reached. Numerical results are reported on networks with up to 3146 nodes and voltage dependent load models; the results show that the proposed approach yields probable power flow solutions that are virtually identical to those given by an implementation of the state-of-the-art time-coordinated method and with a speed-up factor around three on the large network cases.


The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with long‐term recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF) and if further recovery also occurs in this group.


Mechanisms for integrating CASE tools are reported, and players in CASE standards development are identified. The author provides a detailed review of the CASE data interchange format (CDIF), one of the most mature CASE standards, and compares it with other relevant CASE standards. Issues involved in adopting CDIF are presented. The current status and future development of CDIF are discussed.<<ETX>>


This paper presents the design approach, realization and measurement results of a compact driver multi-stages 3-way fully integrated Doherty MMIC 60W power amplifier for true dual-band operation using LDMOS technology. Those results are achieved thanks to the Cds cancellation technic for the combiner design to achieve wideband impedance transformation combined with the 3-way DPA architecture to reach high efficiency in deep back-off and reduce load modulation. Through this design a dedicated attention is put to extend PA video bandwidth thanks to integrated passive device to handle simultaneous digital pre-distortion linearization in B1 and B3, 4G/4.5G telecommunication band. This device is highly linear, after digital pre-distortion ACLR of −56dBc are measured for 2cLTe20MHz 8dB PAR spaced by 345MHz at 35dBm, 12dB OBO, while efficiency is above 29%. Moreover, LDMOS technology is a mature process, consequently this MMIC is a reliable low-cost PA solution for mass production in a very compact package.