The main purpose of this research is to introduce the sensibility engineering to explore the relationship between the modeling style of the door and window hardware handle and the sensibility vocabulary, and through the results of this research, the design of the door and window hardware handle is more scientific. The analysis establishes a basis for its styling design and consumer perception criteria and manufacturer design. The purpose of this study is to solve the post-evaluation problem of product design. The method proposes a design evaluation method based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Firstly, the product is decomposed into several indicators to be evaluated and scored, and the data is calculated and the weight values of each index are calculated. The overall score of the program is further ordered. The result is the accuracy of the sorting result verified by the market sales survey data of 3 door and window hardware handles, which provides a reference for the effective evaluation of product design. The conclusion is that the introduction of AHP into design evaluation can effectively reduce the disadvantages of many factors in the design evaluation, such as the factors to be evaluated, the reliance on the evaluator's experience and knowledge, and the difficulty of judging the relationship between each factor and the final solution. Influences.


Recovery of function following central nervous system lesions can be attributed to several changes in the nervous system that occur with time following the initial injury. This article reviews research demonstrating that if the subjects were required to perform specific tasks on a daily basis, recovery was facilitated. Pyramidal tract, cerebellar, and central visual lesions are discussed. Although most of the studies cited deal with research on monkeys, examples are given in the visual system of applying the established monkey paradigm to human subjects, which resulted in an increase in the functional recovery.


A new routing protocol that adjusts of the necessities of heterogeneous traffic is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme make improvement in TeGAR algorithm. The point of the scheme will be on accomplish low latency, and to fulfill various quality of service (QoS) in different network conditions. To do that, the proposed algorithm exploits multiple nodes' attributes like distance to the Sink, energy, history of nude delay of data to neighbors and probability of link availability to determine the best node for delivering different traffic necessities. The contribution of the proposed algorithm is its capability to distinguish the data-related to every type of traffic and give various priorities to various data categories so that every type of traffic categorization assures to meet the requirements of the application necessities. The results show that the proposed protocol outperforms TeGAR.


This paper puts forth energy quality management as the stepwise process of taking care of the quality of energy better. Energy quality can also be expressed as exergy, which measures the useful wor ...


Two fusions of the Bacillus stearothermophilus α-amylase gene (amyS) with lacpoZ′ were constructed. The first, being a transcriptional fusion, placed amyS directly under lac promoter control eliminating interference by the endogenous promoter. IPTG induction of amyS transcription in this construction resulted in liberation of periplasmic proteins and eventually cell lysis. The other fusion replaced eight N-terminal amino acid residues from the signal sequence by 11 residues from the lacZ′ moiety in pUC-18. Translation initiation signals were also replaced by those from lacpoZ′. In this case IPTG induction resulted in secretion of approx. 35% of total α-amylase activity in the growth medium after 24 h growth without detectable cell lysis.


The purpose of this paper, Part IIB in the trilogy [1-3], is to describe the continuum models employed to deduce the effects of differential thermal expansion in the clad optical fiber in addition to the nonlinear optical behaviors at high intensities of light. In this continuation of Part II.A, more of the state-of-the-art in W-S-based continuum materials models is reviewed here with specific examples provided based on canonical material systems suggested from the findings of Part I and treated in detail in Part III. Part II.B pays particular attention to the optical fiber and its nonlinearities.

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Spermatogenesis is supported by a certain type of stem cell known as spermatogonial stem cell (SSC), which transforms information to the next generation. There is currently a wide acceptance of the great potential applications of SSCs for infertility treatment and production of transgenic farm animals. However, rodents are the only thoroughly studied mammals with respect to SSCs due to presence of specific antibodies for SSC markers such as PLZF and THY1 or germ cell marker such as VASA. However, limited information is available about the specific markers of SSCs in farm animals. Moreover, while it is generally believed that stem cell markers are mainly conserved among mammalian species, it is not clear if SSC markers have also remained conserved during species evolution. Through comparative immunohistochemical analysis of testis tissue of sheep, and goats with mice, rats and cattle, for which the original antibodies were rose, this study suggests that, despite the long evolutionary distance which exists between rodents and farm animals, germ cells and SSC markers may have remained conserved between these species. In addition, the results of this study suggest that these antibodies can be used to isolate, propagate and further explore SSCs in goat or sheep and possibly other species.


The invention relates to a low viscosity to highly viscous set water-based lubricant composition having an average water content of> 80 wt .-%, of the polymers.


Mammography as an x-ray method usually gives good results for lower density breasts while higher breast tissue densities significantly reduce the overall detection sensitivity and can lead to false negative results. In automatic detection algorithms knowledge about breast density can be useful for setting an appropriate decision threshold in order to produce more accurate detection. Because the overall intensity of mammograms is not directly correlated with the breast density we have decided to observe breast density as a texture classification problem. In this paper we propose breast density classification using feature selection process for different classifiers based on grayscale features of first and second order. In feature selection process different selection methods were used and obtained results show the improvement on overall classification by choosing the appropriate method and classifier. The classification accuracy has been tested on the mini-MIAS database and KBD-FER digital mammography database with different number of categories for each database. Obtained accuracy stretches between 97.2 % and 76.4 % for different number of categories.


IPEX (interactive process expert), an expert system that provides an architecture for interactive supervision of physical processes, is described. The IPEX system samples the process level at regular time intervals and decides what diagnostic procedures it needs to identify problems with the process. Diagnostic procedures may take the form of tests, control algorithms, or signal-processing algorithms that run in the process environment. Once IPEX identifies the procedures that it needs to run, it uses a scheduling algorithm to make sure that all procedure results are available at the right times for valid diagnosis and that no interference occurs between procedures. When a problem is diagnosed, IPEX finds an appropriate treatment and applies it to the process level. The operation of the IPEX system and an example of the system in a circuit diagnosis application are described.<<ETX>>


Background. The recommended antibiotic prophylaxis by second generation cephalosporin reduces the incidence of wound infection an empyema, but its effectiveness on postoperative pneumonias after major lung resection lacks demonstra- tion. Patients and methods. A prospective study in all patients undergoing lung resections for noninfectious disease was performed. Prophylaxis by cefamandole (3 g/24 h, over 48 hours) was used during the first 6 months, whereas amoxicillin - clavulanate (6 g/24 h, over 24 hours) was used during the subsequent 12 months. Intraoperative bronchial aspirates were systematically cultured. Patients with suspicion of pneumonia underwent bronchoscopic sampling for culture. Results. Included were 84 (47.72%) patients in the first period and 92 (52.28) patients in the second period. The incidence of postoperative pneumonias decreased by 50% during the second period (p = 0-0027). Thirty-day mortality decreased from 3.5 to 1.5% (p = 0.06). Multivariate analysis showed that type of resection, intraoperative colonization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gender, body mass index, and type of prophylaxis were independent risk factors of postoperative pneumonia. Conclusions. Targeted


The article addresses the concept of Green Criminology and emphasizes how vulnerability and abuse of animals fit into this context. Through qualitative and exploratory method of research, it is possible to demonstrate that Green Criminology allows the opening of horizons of reflection to classical environmental criminology. It seeks to extend the discussion focused on man, highlighting an important space to demonstrate his concentration on possible solutions to the ecological disorganization produced by human action. That is, the sum of the theoretical approach proposed by Green Criminology, with the principles of Environmental Law and traditional criminology, can be a legal and ethical way to extend existing solutions around the conflicts over animal protection in the country.


Abstract
Cushing's disease (CD) is the most common cause of endogenous hypercortisolemia. The clinical management of this condition is complex and entails multiple therapeutic strategies, treatment of chronic comorbidities, and lifelong surveillance for recurrences and complications. The identification of robust, practical, and reliable markers of disease behavior and prognosis could potentially allow for a tailored and cost-efficient management of each patient, as well as for a reduction of the medical procedure-associated stress. For this purpose, multiple clinical, biochemical, imaging, histopathological, molecular, and genetic features have been evaluated over the years. Only a handful of them, however, have been sufficiently validated for their application in the routine care of patients with CD. This review summarizes the current status of the established and potential biomarkers of CD, bases for their use, proposed and/or established utility, as well as advantages and barriers for their implementation in the clinic. (Rev Invest Clin. 2022;74(5):244-57).


violent but with cause otherwise unknown." In Britain, since 1971, use of the term sudden infant death syndrome or equivalent term, which excludes explained unexpected infant deaths, has reduced the inflated death rates for respiratory disease and enabled research to focus on an identifiable group of deaths. This has led to the successful identification of infant care practices—for example, supine sleeping— which have reduced sudden infant deaths by a remarkable 70% since 1988. It has also facilitated study of infants born after a cot death, which has provided important evidence that even recurrence of sudden infant death syndrome in the same family is not necessarily suspicious. Sudden unexplained infant death is still the largest category of death in infants aged over 1 month. However heterogeneous the aetiology of these deaths, a collective term is still needed for identification, for explanation, and as a basis for expert study and sensitive support to bereaved families.


The traditional method to estimate code performance in the higher SNR region is to use a sum of the contributions of the most dominant error events to the probability of error. If an ML decoder is used, these events will be minimum distance codewords; the traditional decoder used in LDPC codes, some variant of the message passing algorithm, will introduce non-codeword error events known as trapping sets. For long LDPC codes it is difficult to enumerate all of these dominant error events. A procedure to efficiently find dominant error events by using the regular low-density structure of an LDPC code is presented here. The search method can be adapted to work with LDPC codes of various regular and irregular degree distributions, but is especially suited to a very practical subset of LDPC known as regular {3, 6} codes of moderate block length. We also show how codes with very low error floors can be created by utilizing this search method.


Simple Summary In recent times, the interest in biosecurity in pig facilities has grown exponentially due to the severe threat to the swine industry worldwide represented by epidemic pathogens and globalization. The outcomes of biosecurity have been monitored through antimicrobial use, and economic and technical performances in pig farms, but limited quantitative data are available regarding animal-based biomarkers over time as output parameters. By means of tailor-made biosecurity protocols, we monitored—over a 12-month period—the biosecurity implementation in swine farms, and described animal-based biomarkers as output parameters. The results shown by the present study suggest that a systematic evaluation of biosecurity is a useful approach to formulate a tailor-made biosecurity plan, and to monitor its implementation; biomarkers could bring insight into the outcomes of biosecurity. Moreover, the description of four farm biosecurity profiles in the present study might orient further investigation in the future on the possible link between biosecurity and lung lesions and scars at slaughter. Abstract Limited data are available regarding animal-based biomarkers over time as outcomes of biosecurity in pig farms. The aim of this study was to gain an insight into the biosecurity implementation in a convenience sample of 15 swine herds, and to describe potential biomarkers of interest; inputs from a systematic evaluation of biosecurity implementation were used to develop tailor-made biosecurity protocols monitored over a 12-month period. The farms' implementation was then described, and animal-based biomarkers were explored as output parameters. A significative biosecurity improvement was observed at the end of the study (p = 0.047), in particular in the professional zone (p = 0.012). Four clusters of farms were identified for their progress on biosecurity implementation by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA): 4/15 farms improved their biosecurity only in the professional zone, 8/15 showed scarce/null improvement of total biosecurity, 2/15 worsened their biosecurity, and 1/15 greatly improved biosecurity. The farm biosecurity profiles showing an improvement included farms with a reduction in lung lesions and scars at slaughter at the end of the study. The results suggest that a systematic evaluation of biosecurity is a useful approach to formulate tailor-made biosecurity plans and monitor their implementation; biomarkers might bring insight into the outcomes of biosecurity.


PURPOSE: A prevention of epidemics type livestock shed is provided to block infectious diseases by controlling the air flowing in from the outside. CONSTITUTION: A prevention of epidemics type livestock shed comprises: a wall structure formed with multiple openings (510), formed with an accommodating space for livestock; a light shielding member installed at the opening, blocking the sun light, and forming a flowing path for the air; a filter assembly installed closely with the light shielding member or inside of the shielding member, and filtering the air inflowing through the opening; a exhaust fan (710) installed at the rear side of the wall structure, and exhausting the air to the outside; an illuminating unit (300) equipped inside of the accommodating space; and a feed supply unit (400) installed at the upper side of the accommodating space, and supplying the feed.


Three cases of femoral fracture and one case of femoral lengthening were treated surgically by mimimally invasive plate osteosynthesis. All cases except one achieved good bone union. One case of distal femoral fracture needed re-operation because of re-fracture. Mimimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is useful for femoral fractures for which intramedullary nailing is not suitable.


A comprehensive review of the development activities being undertaken at Cymer in the development of a CO2 laser produced plasma (LPP) light source for EUV lithography is provided. A new and effective debris mitigation technique which greatly reduces the Ion Flux generated during exposure is also demonstrated.


The present invention provides an improved method of drilling is used in neurosurgery, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments. It solves the problem of neurological surgical burr is trauma, and other technical problems inconvenient to operate. Improved surgical nerve cranial drill, comprising a housing, a handle and a housing interposed on the output shaft, the output shaft is fixed to the front end of a drill chuck, there is provided a drill bit on the drill chuck, the output shaft is provided a gear provided between the gear and the output shaft a one-way clutch, the inner housing is also provided with a toothed segment meshing with the gear, the toothed segment is provided with a fixing screw which is provided between the sleeve is provided with a nut, a nut and handle when the direction of movement of the nut along the screw axis of the screw can be driven by rotation of the guide structure. The present invention is less invasive, easy operation.


Twenty criteria are used to analyze sixteen national action plans that focus on women, peace, and security. United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325, a base for the national plans, highlights the terrible consequences of violent conflict on women and girls as well as the important role of women in all peacebuilding processes. Suggestions are made for those developing or revising plans and include addressing the relevant points from four UN Security Council resolutions (1325, 1820, 1888, and 1889); specifying all processes and timelines; and including civil society participation in all phases of a plan's development; implementation, and assessment.


We have constructed a scanning tunneling microscope that is capable of operation at low temperatures. Spectroscopic measurements were performed on single crystals of an organic superconductor, κ‐(BEDT‐TTF)2Cu(NCS)2, at temperatures between 1.8 and 12 K. Current‐voltage characteristics measured well below the superconducting critical temperature Tc=11 K clearly showed superconducting energy gap, though the tip was supposed to be in contact with the sample surface. Its magnitude and temperature dependence were comparable to the value according to the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory. Line shape of differential conductance dI/dV, however, tended to deviate from the shape according to the theory. Current‐voltage characteristics typical of charging effect were also observed.


The species Cannabis sativa L. has recently witnessed a resurgence of
 interest all over the world due to its multipurpose applications and the
 scientific confirmation of its pharmacological properties. Genotypes with
 high cannabinoid content are appreciated in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic
 industries due to their therapeutic potential. These genotypes, with
 predominantly high cannabidiol (CBD) content, are the subject of research
 and breeding in several programs, but to date, little data is published on
 the in vitro tissue culture of cannabis. Our study focused on the
 establishment of an efficient micropropagation method for two high-CBD
 breeding lines (MX-CBD-11 and MX-CBD-707) as the basis for advanced
 biotechnological breeding approaches. The results demonstrated that the in
 vitro culture of medical cannabis can be initiated on different culture
 media, that cultured plants can be successfully acclimatized, and that nodal
 position, and especially the genotype, have a significant influence on the
 success of shoot culture establishment. They showed that the published
 tissue culture media optimized for one high-THC strain of Mexican cannabis
 are not as efficient for other genotypes of (medical) cannabis. We
 complemented this research with a genetic study of 95 plants of the two
 breeding lines with 16 microsatellite (SSR) markers which clustered the
 plants based on breeding line. The results demonstrated that only 8 markers
 are needed for discrimination of all analyzed plants and their usefulness
 for clonal identification.


Significance
 It existed in a legal grey zone, and was allowed to do so because it served the government's purposes. That is now beginning to change.

 Impacts
 Anti-monopoly investigations against VIE-related companies have been instituted and are likely to strengthen.
 It may become more difficult for VIE founders and executives to dispose of related assets with the same leeway they had before.
 Enforcement of new measures and potential upcoming ones will be highly political, as seen in the delay of the Ant Group IPO.


In this paper modelling and analysis in autonomous mode of dual three-phase induction generator (DTPIG) with a new algorithm have been done. We develop the steady state model of a dual three-phase self-excited induction generator for stand-alone renewable generation dispensing with the segregating real and imaginary components of the complex impedance of the induction generator. The obtained admittance yields the adequate magnetizing reactance and the frequency. These two key parameters are then used to compute the self-excitation process requirements in terms of the prime mover speed, the capacitance and the load impedance on the one hand and to predict the generator steady state performance parameters on the other. Steady state performances and characteristics of different configurations are clearly examined and compared. The analytical results are found to be in good agreement with experimental results.


An approximation method proposed by Braunbek for the diffraction of scalar waves by plane obstacles, or apertures in a plane screen. is extended to the diffraction of electromagnetic waves. As an example, the diffraction of a linearly polarized plane electromagnetic wave normally incident on a circular aperture in a perfectly conducting plane screen and on a perfectly conducting plane circular disk is considered in detail. The results are compared with those obtained from the exact solution of Meixner ard Andrejewski and with the results of Kirchnoff's approximations. It is shown that, in contrast to the Kirchhoff approximations, Braunbek's method leads in all cases to the correct'optical' limits and represents a good approximation even for wavelengths comparable with the size of the obstacle. After a general formulation of Braunbek's method in the electromagnetic dlff raction problem, the far fleld of the circular aperture and the transmission coefficient by means of the cross section theorem are calculated. The near fleld of the circular aperture and the circular disk will be considered in a subsequent paper. rauth)


We fabricated a single U-shaped nanowire (NW) and tangent-coupled straight and U-shaped NWs using a novel technique of shape-controlled deterministic assembly of NWs with nanoscale controllability. To examine the optical properties of these structures, we calculated the transmitted and crossover optical powers of the fundamental guided mode in both the single and coupled CdS NWs by varying the key structural parameters such as the radius of curvature of the U-shaped head and the gap between the NWs. In addition, we experimentally studied active waveguiding in the assembled CdS NWs, which exhibited light coupling to the waveguide mode and direct transmission in the single U-shaped NW. Furthermore, the crossover coupling was measured for the tangent-coupled straight and U-shaped CdS NWs with a gap width of 70 nm. The shape-controlled deterministic assembly technique can open up a new opportunity to demonstrate subwavelength-scale photonic waveguides and couplers in compact nanophotonic integrated circuits.


The cell phone front cover injection gate design not only decides the workpiece precision and the outer appearance,but also affects the convenience for the second time processing procedure.Analyzing this kind of tooling design,it was discovered that when the side gate,tab gate and tube gate were used,the cut gate was easy to have the defects,such as the injection gate handover and seriously deformation as well as the bad second time processing capabilities and so on.Through improving the gate mode,the similar tube gate was used,but the size was bigger,and the runner from lift entered the workpiece.When opened the tooling,lift moved and left an enough space for the gate to ensure the runner being connected with the workpiece together during the cooling process.The small gate trace outer appearance requirement was met.Moreover the cooling runner was able to assist the product positioning and fixing during the second time processing,which played the role of pouring gate and processing procedure..


Objective:To explore the significance of platelet activation (PA) in patients with unstableangina pectoris (UA) and the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu pill (XZP, a Chinese composite recipe) on it, by wayof determining platelet membrane glycoprotein CD62P, CD41/CD45 expressions in whole blood of healthypersons and UA patients. Methods: XZP was given orally to 45 UA patients for 2 weeks. Their expressionsof CD62P and CD41/CD45 in peripheral blood were determined before and after treatment by whole bloodflow cytometry with special marked antibody, and compared with those in 10 healthy persons of the sameage as a normal control group. Results: Amount of expressions of CD62P and CD41/CD45 (FC%) in UApatients before treatment were 24.22± 7.92 and 25.89 ±8.10 respectively, all higher than those in thecontrol group (P<0.01 and P<0.05). After treatment, CD62P lowered to 20.42±8.01, significantlydifferent from that of before treatment(P<0.05), and CD41/CD45 also showed a trend of lowering (P>0.05). Platelet adhesion rate reduced significantly (P<0.05) at the same time, as compared with that ofbefore treatment. Conclusion: Highly platelet activated state exists in UA patients. XZP could inhibitplatelet membrane glycoprotein CD62P and CD41/CD45 expressions, which might be the molecular mecha-nism of it in antagonizing PA.


In order to build a user-friendly and urban intelligent public transportation service system, this paper, treating the analysis of public transportation system of Beijing as a breakthrough point, provides a perfect service design of public transportation and the optimization of travel route basing on the user's habits, scheduling and health conditions. All the travel data of traffic system and users' data such as health indicators are obtained from cloud platform. The development and application prospect of intelligent public transportation embodies the user-centered design concept. This paper preliminary develops a user-friendly and efficient design system of urban public transportation services with the trait of intelligence.


Average credit scores differ from city to city. Thus people in some cities enjoy greater benefits from their credit scores than do people in other cities. Although credit scores are the direct result of credit histories, credit histories may be impacted by demographic and geographic factors, which thereby indirectly impact credit scores. If indirect factors that impact credit scores are identified, indirect ways to improve credit scores might be discovered. This study looks for demographic and geographic factors that explain city average credit scores. The methodology uses both statistical analyses and geographic information systems mapping. The analyses suggest that city average credit scores are explained by differences in the number of credit cards held, annual temperatures, travel time to work, debt level per capita, and the number of people in a household. The mapping reveals clusters of cities with similar credit scores. Introduction Credit scores are used in a variety of ways. Lenders use credit scores to decide if a loan will be made and the interest rate to charge as discussed in Perry (2008). Healthcare providers use credit scores to determine whether patients will receive free or discounted care as discussed in Bernerth, Taylor, Walker, and Whitman (2012). Insurance companies use credit scores to underwrite both automobile and homeowner's insurance as discussed in Kabler (2004). Credit scores are being used by employers in background checks for hiring decisions as discussed in Bernerth, Taylor, Walker, and Whitman (2012). Additional use of credit scores has been called for to help investors judge their risk exposure in asset-backed securities as discussed in Stachel


Misinformation about critical issues such as climate change and vaccine safety is oftentimes amplified on online social and search platforms. The crowdsourcing of content credibility assessment by laypeople has been proposed as one strategy to combat misinformation by attempting to replicate the assessments of experts at scale. In this work, we investigate news credibility assessments by crowds versus experts to understand when and how ratings between them differ. We gather a dataset of over 4,000 credibility assessments taken from 2 crowd groups---journalism students and Upwork workers---as well as 2 expert groups---journalists and scientists---on a varied set of 50 news articles related to climate science, a topic with widespread disconnect between public opinion and expert consensus. Examining the ratings, we find differences in performance due to the makeup of the crowd, such as rater demographics and political leaning, as well as the scope of the tasks that the crowd is assigned to rate, such as the genre of the article and partisanship of the publication. Finally, we find differences between expert assessments due to differing expert criteria that journalism versus science experts use---differences that may contribute to crowd discrepancies, but that also suggest a way to reduce the gap by designing crowd tasks tailored to specific expert criteria. From these findings, we outline future research directions to better design crowd processes that are tailored to specific crowds and types of content.


In this article, the progress of the ney, predominant instrument in the religious music, throughout the known human history is shortly investigated. Although the past forms of the ney is not very similar to to day' s modern one, it is discussed that the ney was in use in past. Moreover, finding answer to the question of how ney has taken place in the religious music is also in the vicinity of the main interests of the article. After ney completed its histoarical progress with Kutb-i Nayi Osman Dede, it has taken place in the religious music with Mevlana and master of neyzen 's Hamza Dede. Apart from the fact that the ney is capable of giving all the sounds in nature, it is also most likely instrument to the human voice. Even though ney is made of reed and looks simple, it affects the human soul dramatically, even in the first hearing. Th.s is, of course, the proof of the fact that its effect to the universal soul


In the past, fluorescein angiography (FA) was the gold standard for the classification of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The CNV pattern or lesion composition was determined by FA findings and classified as classic or occult, and the CNV location and size were also assessed with the assistance of FA. Currently, state-of-the-art optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology, such as Topcon's Swept Source (SS) with OCT angiography (OCTA), allows a new and accurate CNV classification, without the need of dye injection. Likewise, choroidal polyps can even be detected with OCTA without the need of a complex indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Topcon's OCTA is built on the DRI OCT Triton platform and powered by OCTARA, a proprietary image processing algorithm that provides highly sensitive angiographic detection. As a result, exceptional visualization of vascular structures, even in the choroid and deeper retinal layers is realized. This technology allows the deeper structures to be visualized with less depth-dependent signal roll off, and it detects even low microvascular flow with high sensitivity. Furthermore, the 1 um wavelength makes OCT imaging possible for patients with media opacities. INSERT TO


*† ‡ Kinetic Flux-Vector Splitting scheme is constructed to simulate weakly ionized hypersonic flows with 11-species air model. In the gas kinetic model, each species has its own individual gas distribution function. However, these gas distribution functions are not independent. Due to the momentum and energy exchange in particle collisions between all species, the equilibrium states of all species are assumed to have the common velocity and temperatures. For taking into account thermal non-equilibrium, a two-temperature model is used and the Maxwellian distribution function is generalized, in which the translational and rotational energy modes are assumed to be in equilibrium at the translational temperature, and the vibrational, electronic, and electron translational energy modes are assumed to be in equilibrium at the vibrational temperature.


Modern Russian society, according to domestic sociologists, is going through the stage of transition to a new social reality characterized by very dynamic changes in all spheres of life. Reflecting on the changes in the social reality of the Russian society, highlighting significant events, giving them significance and meaning, the individuals form and adjust their life strategies that serve their core life strategy suggesting setting goals, means and methods to achieve it. Professional career is one way to implement such life strategies as a vital strategy of material prosperity and success, a strategy of self-realization. Therefore, such issues as career choice or change, the choice of career implementation strategy, the factors contributing to it, legitimization models which lie in the understanding of subjectively successful career still remain relevant.


Caffeine, when identified in surface water and drinking water, is classified as a contaminant of emerging concern. The emergence of these compounds occurs due to the direct discharge of sewage into the rivers, as well as through conventional techniques currently applied in the treatment of effluents and drinking water that do not completely remove these contaminants. In this context, the removal of such substances in aqueous solution has been studied by different techniques, standing out heterogeneous photocatalysis. In the photocatalytic reaction, several factors may contribute to the photocatalytic performance of the semiconductor, such as material structure, composition, textural properties, among others. To improve these characteristics, some procedures can be adopted, such as heat treatments and addition of metals to the surface of the material. In this perspective, the objective of this work was to characterize and evaluate the pure commercial TiO2, also the commercial TiO2, with the addition of 8% by mass of Fe and Ag, in the degradation of the caffeine contained in the water. The results of the experimental tests and the characterization of the materials indicated that, under the conditions used, 8%Ag-8%Fe/TiO2 bimetallic catalyst was the material with the highest catalytic activity followed by 8%Ag/TiO2, 8%Fe/TiO2 and Pure TiO2, while pure TiO2 was similar to the photolysis test, in which there was no satisfactory caffeine degradation. These results emphasize that the composition and structure of the catalysts applied to the heterogeneous photocatalysis has great importance in the yield of the catalyst in the reaction.


Cash flow is an important aspect for companies valuation and is managed by managers.The purpose of paper is to identify the methods of cash flow management.From the perspective of reversing negative cash flow,using sales manipulation,production manipulation and expenses manipulation to reflect real activities manipulation,this paper analyzes listed companies in Chinese capital market and compares the abnormal cash flow from operating activities between reversing negative firms and non-reversing negative firms,abnormal discretionary expenses,abnormal production costs and total real activities manipulation level.After T test and multiple regression analysis,we find that some listed companies utilize real activities manipulation to reverse negative cash flow and conclude that real activities manipulation is the manner of cash flow management.


This chapter analyses the role of gastronomic tourism in rural development using specific case studies from Hungary. Rural development could be defined as a process of improving and protecting the economic and social wellbeing of rural communities. Theories on rural development emphasize the role of local culture and heritage, such as food, crafts, folklore, visual arts, literary references, historical and prehistorical sites, landscapes and associated flora and fauna (Bessière 1998; Ray 1998, 2006; Marsden 2006; Kivitalo, Kumpulainen, and Soin 2015). Rural tourism can ideally contribute to socio-economic diversification, community development, and the enhancement of image. Food has always been an integral part of tourism, but its significance has increased in recent years, especially in a rural context where it can play an important role in rural tourism and appeals to visitors' desire for authenticity (Sims 2009). Frisvoll, Forbord, and Blekesaune's (2016) research makes a connection between local food consumption, rural heritage and a 'rural idyll'. However, these authors also argue that the significance that local food holds in the context of rural tourism is largely unknown due to a lack of empirical research. Although there have been some exceptions (Ray 1998; Miele and Murdoch 2002), there is considerable scope for exploring these issues further. The main question posed is whether gastronomic tourism is an attractive and diverse enough product to become a primary motivation for visitors, or whether it needs to be part of a broader range of products connected to other forms of rural tourism (e.g., agritourism). The empirical case studies in this chapter examine the role of gastronomy in rural and tourism development in Hungary.


In this study, OPC and PLC based remote-access laboratory has been developed for synchronous motor control experiment. The monitoring and control of the parameters of synchronous motor has been realized using GPRS and Profi-Lab OPC Server through the visual programming language. In addition, S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC series PLC was used for control of the system. The motor parameters monitored in real-time by the user to visually is shown the effect of any change in the parameters of the motor with the help of the user visual interface. This laboratory carried out monitoring and control of a motor rotating motion and more safely by conventional methods. In addition, the experiments are realized GPRS communication method using a synchronous motor without a physical contact between the users. Thanks to the wireless access system, hardware complexity has been eliminated.


Absorption and emission data of lanthanide Z I , Z2, 2 4 and Zs centers in KC1 are presented arid compared with thosc of the Z(Sr) centers in the same host. Especially the Zr center and its configurational model is discussed in detail, using also the ESR and ENDOR data of Zz(Eu) in various alkali halides. In alkali halides containing Eu+-'or Y b + + as impurities Z centers can be formed from F centers by roughly the same optical and thermal convel-sion processes as in the case of the alkaline earth dopants S r++ or Ca". Analogies and diferences are best explained at the schematic drawings of figure 1, where the Z center formation processes are cornpal-ed in europium, ytterbium and strontium doped KCI. Up to now five difl'erent types of Z centers are known [I]. In a cryst~il rapidly quenched from 330 "C an almost pure F center system is present in all tliree examples. Irradiation with F-light at 20 "C ~.esults in a complete convel-sion into Z , centers. Also the rare earth Z , absorptions are independent of the kind of the divalent inipurity and f'ound to lie at 2.08 eV. Tlie corresponding emissions are symmetrical gaussian bands ; their peak positions iind llalf widths are given in table 1 and compared with the emission of the Z , (Sr) center. With higher initial F center concentr:itio~is also Z, enters are formed by the same conversion process. For all impurities in question the Z, absorption appears at about 1.43 eV at tlie low energy side of the M band. Emission bands which we ascribe to tliis center are again simple bell-shaped, but rerni~rkably narrow (Table 1). This behavior suggests a comparison to the M centel( E c = 1.17 eV, I I J C = 0. I9 eV). Similar to the case of the M center the 2, emissions can also be excited at highcr energies in absorpton bands probably Iiidden under the F absorption. Annealing for sevel-111 haul-s at 80°C in the dark destroyes the 2, centers in all these cases and leads to a formation of Z, and f.urtlieron of F centers. Only in strontium-doped KC1 also a decomposition into Z, centers is I-cgistratcd. In KC1 : Sr and KC1 : ELI there seems to exist some sort of thermal equili b~-i~ilii bctween F and Z , ceriters : Z, centers can be formed at 80 OC purely thermally. In KC1 : Yb tliis equilibrium is drastically shifted towards the side of the F center. A good conversion into Z, centers is accon~plishcd in a11 these systenis by an additional F irradiation. With ytterbium and strontium impurities a simultaneous Z, centerformation cannot be avoided. Prolonged F irradiation of several hours finally destroyes Z, tenters in favour of Z, centers. The very best Z, center systems are found in crystals simply annealed i n the dark at rooni temperature for several months. Whereas the Z, center absorption is clc;irly separable only with the strontium impurity the emission bands for all tliree dopants are easily detectable (Table I ) . They are in form and half width co~nparable to the F center emission band. Magneto-optical experiments revez~l. that the Z, center is also pariimagnetic with tlie same sign as the F center. The Z,(Sr) center in KC1 slio\vs no peculiarities from the view-point of simple absorption and emission spectroscopy. apart from the ~ ~ n ~ ~ s u a l l y long life time of 15 rns [2]. Our spectral data show some difference to the current literature and are therefore included in table I . In contrast to this tlie absorptions (Fig. 2 ) and emissions (Fig. 3) of the lanthnnide Z , centers seem to be more complicated. At least 4 absorption bands for Z,(Eu) and 2, absorptions for Z,(Yb) can be separated out by computer simulation (Table I ) . The relation of tlie small absorption band at 1.98 eV to tlie Z,(Eu) center is not assured. Optictil excitation in the other absorption bands leads \\it11 \arious quantum etlicicncies to two emission band.;. callcd z'," and Z? (Fig. 3). The computer simulations and decompositions ol' the emission curves of' ligurc 3 are performed with tlic data of about thirty experiments, wliel-e cl-ystaI\ witl: dill'crent concentrations Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1973918 K. H. UMBACH, G. KENNTNER AND H. J. PAUS


A digital SQUID magnetometer measures the magnetic field amplitude by counting integer magnetic flux quanta within its superconducting input loop. Although resolution is limited in comparison to analog SQUID systems, the digital SQUID is able to outrange its analog counterpart with regard to parameters such as slew rate and dynamic range. In this work we evaluate the performance of a digital SQUID based on a three-level logic. Due to this basic principle, we face a combination of two comparator grayzones leading to hysteretic behavior of the sensor that produces a "dead zone" in the signal reversal point. The dependence of the comparator threshold on design parameters is investigated by simulation studies and reconfirmed by experimental results. We were able to reach a total dynamic range of more than 540,000 flux quanta (about 19 bit) with a linearity error of about 5 bit due to the mentioned hysteretic behavior. We discuss the results of our investigations and provide guidelines to extend dynamic range and linearity for future sensor designs.


Objective To investigate the changes of c-fos mRNA expression during the period of deep hypothermia circulatory arrest. Methods First established the animal model of closed chest DHCA in rats, the semi-quantitative reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of c-fos mRNA. Results The expression of c-fos mRNA strengthened and reached to the peak level, weakened at 1 hour, decreased to the lowest level at the 6 hour after re-warming. There was no significant difference between control and experimental group in the expression of c-fos mRNA at the end of re-warming. But at 1 and 6 hours alter re-warming, the expression in experimental group became more obvious than those ol the control group P0. 05. Conclusion Our results suggest that antero-gradual perfusion could provide cerebral protection.


After the Reform Movement of the late Qing dynasty, the new group of intellectuals, as a group of "the marginal men showed different attitudes to the Boxer Uprising, which was initiated by the fanners in 1900. There were three kinds of view about the Boxer Uprising:hostile attitude, neutral attitude and sympathetic attitude. The conjunction of mental states between history and reality was the reason why the intellectuals formed these attitudes, which also was the reason why they were separated from the farmers.


Adult-onset Still's disease (ASD) is a rare clinical entity with unknown etiology, characterized by arthritis, fever, evanescent rash and other systemic presentations. This case report describes a 19-year-old male who presented with sore throat, fever, arthritis, evanescent rash, raised liver enzymes and hyperferritinemia. It also reveals the diagnostic dilemma faced during the diagnosis of the disease. He was diagnosed to have ASD based on Yamuguchi criteria after the exclusion of other potential diagnoses. Patient was treated with prednisolone and there was a good response with improvement in symptoms and laboratory indices.


This lightning talk presents insights from preliminary research on attitudes toward executable exams in an Introduction to Computer Science (CS1) course. In an executable exam, during the exam, students work on a computer in a designated programming environment that enables them to compile their code and run unit tests. Although this exam format is authentic and resembles the way students work during their studies and in the industry, it is not a popular format. We implemented executable exams in the 2021 Winter semester final exam and explored the attitudes toward executable exams of three main groups - students, course staff, and industry representatives. In addition, we collected and analyzed data from high school CS teachers, CS and EE students from other academic institutions and CS lecturers around the world. The attitudes are categorized into three aspects: pedagogical, technical and psychological. All groups expressed concerns regarding technical problems related to computer malfunction and plagiarism. In addition, the course staff and the students expressed concern about the change in the exam format. The groups' attitudes are supported by the pedagogical advantages and disadvantages of executable exams they pointed out.


The invention relates to an electric shielding arrangement (1) of a disconnection point of a conduit for an HVDC component, in particular an HVDC transformer or an HVDC choke. The shielding arrangement (1) consists of two outer tubular electrodes (10, 20) and an inner tube (30) in the interior of the two outer tubular electrodes (10, 20), said inner tube bridging the gap (50) at the disconnection point between the two outer tubular electrodes (10, 20). The electric fields are conducted across the disconnection point through said inner tube (30). Lower maximal direct current field strengths are thereby produced than without said inner tube (30). The substantially tubular geometry of the two outer tubular electrodes (10, 20) and of the inner tube (30) ensures a simple and inexpensive producibility. Furthermore, a large tolerance can be ensured with respect to the sections to be connected relative to each other because larger gaps are also bridged by the inner tube (30).


F. John Mathis, is a professor of international finance & banking and director of faculty, Thunderbird, the American Graduate School of International Management. Darin Narayana is former CEO and president of Bank One as well as international and visiting lecturer at Thunderbird. Paul Keat is associate professor emeritus of finance at Thunderbird. JGC sold its products in Japan but also exported 60% of its products globally, and international sales were an increasing share of total sales. Customers in several developing countries were falling behind in their payments to JGC for products that shipped several years ago. There was a danger of insolvency if an early solution could not be found. This was the reason for Kogiku's trip to London and New York to meet with several bankers. T SENIOR MANAGEMENT ISSUE


Reinforcement methods of glulam beam with a round hole are proposed and their performance are experimentally and analytically investigated in this report. There are two types of reinforcement methods, uses steel plates or plywood plates. Both methods are confirmed effective based on experimental results. The reinforcement method using steel plates is highly practical. Because it is excellent in workability and the steel sheet is thin, it does not affect the finish. Therefore, the effectiveness of reinforcement with steel plates is investigated with the parametric study by using FEM analyses. The result shows a good performance of reinforcement under various conditions. Reinforcement methods of glulam beam with a round hole are proposed and their performance are experimentally and analytically investigated in this report. There are two types of reinforcement methods, uses steel plates or plywood plates. Both methods are confirmed effective based on experimental results. The sheet it


This paper studies the case of big data-based intelligent product potential customer mining internal competition in China Telecom Shanghai Company. Huge amounts of data based on big data table, the use of machine Learning and data analysis technology, using the algorithm of LightGBM, PySpark machine Learning algorithms, Positive Unlabeled Learning algorithm, and predict whether customers buy whole house product, precision marketing into artificial intelligence for the customer, large data capacity, promote the development of intelligent products of the company.


The effect of gamma irradiation on CMOS devices fabricated using 3 Micron CMOS BULK process has been studied as a function of gate oxide processing and subsequent annealing. Threshold shifts, speed degradation, and power supply currents were measured as a function of total dose up to 106 Rad (Si). Using hot electron injection techniques, trapping densities and capture cross-sections of the traps in each oxide type have been determined at pre- and post-irradiation levels. Power supply leakage and speed performance of the devices were recovered within three to five hours by annealing them at 125°C, +10 V bias.


From the Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa. Correspondence to: R. J. Roberts, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Received for publication March 1982, revised May 1982, and accepted June 1982. o VERTHE-COUNTER preparations containing combinations of phenylpropanolamine HCL, ephedrine, and caffeine are highly publicized and readily available in many parts of the United State. I


Complete expressions of effective Hamilton for $b\rightarrow sl^+l^-\;(l=\mu,\;\tau)$ are derived in the framework of minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model with local $B-L$ gauge symmetry. With some assumptions on parameters of the model, a numerical analysis of the supersymmetric contributions to the branching ratios of $B_s^0\rightarrow l^+l^-\;(l=\mu,\;\tau)$ is presented.


Since the operation period of nuclear power plants has increased, the degradation of buried pipes gradually increases and recently it seems to be one of the emerging issues. Maintenance on buried pipes needs high quality of management system because outer surface of buried pipe contacts the various soils but inner surface reacts with various electrolytes of fluid. In the USA, USNRC and EPRI have tried to manage the degradation of buried pipes. However, there is little knowledge about the inspection procedure, test and manage program in the domestic nuclear power plants. This paper focuses on the development and build-up of real-time monitoring and control system of buried pipes. Pipes to be tested are tape-coated carbon steel pipe for primary component cooling water system, asphalt-coated cast iron pipe for fire protection system, and pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipe for sea water cooling system. A control system for cathodic protection was installed on each test pipe which has been monitored and controlled. For the calculation of protection range and optimization, computer simulation was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics (Altsoft co.).


Most intracellular transport processes occur via budding and fusion of vesicles, where fusion is dependent on SNARE proteins. Fusion is preceded by docking, the close contact of vesicles which has been proposed to depend on SNARE proteins as well from work in C. elegans and S. Cerevesiae. As this is still heavily debated the role of SNAREs in docking was analysed for early endosomes. Early endosomes form the first compartment reached by most routes of endocytosis and can undergo homotypic fusion which has rendered them a widely used model system. A new fluorescence based assay was developed which allowed to monitor their docking and fusion in parallel. Previous suggestions of EEA1 and Rab5 as important docking factors could be confirmed whereas no influence of SNARE proteins was found. Even though SNARE-function was blocked by three different means: competitive inhibition, antibodies and block of activation, docking remained intact whereas fusion was reduced significantly. A role of SNARE-function in early endosomal docking could therefore be ruled out. A different set of experiments aimed at the analysis of SNARE-regulation by use of a minimal system, i.e. proteoliposomes containing early endosomal SNARE proteins. Even though these proteoliposomes can fuse with each other in a SNARE-specific manner, fusion of proteoliposomes with endosomes was dependent on endosomal but not on liposomal protein content, i.e. trypsinated proteoliposomes reached similar fusion rates with endosomes as control proteoliposomes. The specificity of fusion could be increased when endosomes were solubilised completely and these mixtures were used for proteoliposome formation. Immunodepletion of selected proteins from these mixtures before reconstitution might therefore be used in the future to adress their role even though the assay has to be optimised further beforehand. Fusion and docking take place at specialised regions of the plasma membrane. Therefore, it was analysed how SNARE proteins and the vesicle marker synaptophysin distribute on endosomes. Domain analysis was performed with the recently developed superresolution STED-Microscope. The high fusion rate of liposomes with endosomes could finally be used in this context as a relatively non-invasive tool to change the lipid composition of early endosomes and thereby address the role of lipids in domain formation and stability. This was feasible because fusion was not dependent on a certain lipid composition so that liposomes with high concentrations for example of phosphatidyl inositol could be used to have a large impact on the endosomal lipid composition. Nevertheless the cluster of synaptophysin remained intact and were only destroyed after treatment with beta-methyl-cyclodextrin showing that its domains are rather stable. Interesting differences were observed between the distribution of syntaxin-1 on pure lipid membranes and endosomes as it formed much more clusters on the latter.


In some fibre sensors, temperature drift causes phase noise which degrades the sensor severely. A novel intrinsic technique is presented in which the thermal independency is built into the preform of polarimetric sensor fibres. Experiment shown that this technique offers zero temperature sensitivity over a much wider range of temperature than previously reported techniques.


The topic of this paper is on the border between the pedagogy and the science of literature. Nowadays it would be very important to take the pre-knowledge of students into account while teaching postmodern literature. In the author's opinion, with the respect of pre-knowledge of students, the process of interpretation of lyric poetry would be more effective. This paper is trying to explain this using poems of contemporary poets who paraphrase poems of other poets from previous centuries. Why do I think it is important to respect the pre-knowledge of students when interpreting postmodern lyric poetry? Because in this way, the incomprehensibility of postmodern literature could be stopped. The job of literature teachers is to build the proper intertextual background and to help the students interpret the postmodern poetry in the right way.


A desmutagenic factor for Trp-P-2 which is a potent mutagen discovered by Sugimura and his colleagues in pyrolysis products of tryptophan has been identified from extracts of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) leaves. Analysis of this factor to determine its composition revealed that it had a molecular weight of 43,000 and contained 45.2 µg of sugar per mg of protein. The purified factor exhibited a hemo-protein-like absorption spectrum with a Soret band of 404 nm and α and β bands at 640 and 497 nm, respectively. In addition to counteracting the mutagenicity of Trp-P-2, the mutagenic activity of Trp-P-1, which is 4-methyl derivative of Trp-P-2, was equally abolished by the factor. Other mutagens, such as ethidium bromide and 2-amino-anthracene, were found to be susceptible to the factor, but it had no effect on such mutagens as ICR-170 and AF-2. Furthermore, the factor greatly enhanced the mutagenicity of 1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene.Several lines of investigations were pursued to determine the possible mode of a...


This talk will present recent innovations pursued in Ben-Yakar research group towards developing microfluidic platforms and imaging modalities for whole-animal screening using C. elegans. Their small body size and survivability in liquid medium make C. elegans suitable for microfluidic manipulations. Their transparent body is ideal for in vivo optical manipulations such as precise laser axotomy and 3D high-resolution imaging. To enable high-throughput studies using this model organism, our group has developed fully automated, high-speed microfluidic platforms to immobilize them for precise laser axotomy (~17 seconds per axotomy in a single worm) and high-resolution 3D imaging (~4000 worms in 10 minutes). We also developed population delivery chips that are capable of dispensing individual worm populations from 64 on-chip wells for serial optical analysis to another microfluidic device at ultrafast speeds (~2 seconds per population delivery). More recently, we developed an ultra-fast confocal system for capturing fluorescence dynamics from single neurons at 30 frames per second for volumetric imaging. These automated microfluidic and imaging platforms will enable high-throughput screening of C. elegans for finding new genes and drugs for nerve regeneration and neurodegenerative diseases at a large scale.


Background : RANTES is associated with chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils. RANTES is up-regulated in allegic inflammation and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of allegic inflammation. Recently, circulating form of RANTES have been identified in the peripheral blood. Method : In the present study, we measured soluble RANTES levels in 17 patients with atopic brochial asthma (8 patients: early response to allegen challenge, 8 patients : early and late response to allergen challenge) on 30mins, 2hrs and 8 hrs after allergen challenge with house dust mite, prechallenge period. Result : RANTES levels in sera from patients with bronchial astma in prechallenge conditions were higher than in normal control subjects. But, RANTES levels in sera from patients with bronchial asthma in 30mins, 2hrs and 8hrs after challenge were no significantly higher than prechallenge conditions. Conclusion : These results suggest that RANTES plays a role in the pathogenesis of patients with atopic bronchial asthma and may be related to persistence of subclinical allergic inflammation.


Genotypes which control mating behavior must have a vital function in the dynamics of natural populations, especially in gearing the sexes for reproductive efficiency and high Darwinian fitness. Drosophila persimilis from a locality of the Yosemite region of California (White Wolf at 8,000 ft elevation) displays mating propensity differences controlled in some degree by the Whitney and Klamath arrangements of chromosome III (Spiess and Langer, 1961). Mating behavior control by chromosomal complexes may contribute substantially to fitness in Drosophila populations. The complete elaboration of these chromosomal complexes is essential for understanding what "selection has been aiming at" both in artificial and natural populations, or more properly how genotypes have responded to environmental stimuli in order to maintain high fitness. It is most important first to understand the behavior control of these genic complexes in artificial populations before we can be in position to interpret their function in nature. When both WT and KL homokaryotype flies were given multiple choice for 24 hours, WT males consistently inseminated twice as many females as KL males. WT females also were inseminated more than KL females, though in some tests not significantly so. Since the 24-hour tests did not inform us as to the details of behavior and left unanswered questions of rate within that time, we decided to observe flies over a short period in some detail. A more efficient technique was also needed to carry out complex matings with two or more karyotypes in the same chamber. The following questions arose: Which sex controlled the final proportion of matings? How much of the 24-hour result actually took place immediately?


The research on Translation Errors has traditionally been carried out from the product point of view, i.e., the translation as a result. This paper aims to prove the interest in going beyond the product-oriented perspective, consisting in the comparison of the source-text and target-text and dealing with the error phenomenon from the process-oriented point of view. In order to do so an experiment was conducted: ten participants (first year undergraduate translation students from the University of Alicante, Spain) were asked to translate a deeply ironic journalistic text from French into Spanish. We recorded all their actions while translating with a piece of software which captured all what they saw on their screens, what they said and what they wrote simultaneously, and saved them as compressed video files in real-time. This experiment provided us with a double nature corpus: a) a textual corpus (10 translated texts) and b) a multimedia corpus (10 compressed video files). We studied the errors they made from a product-process combined perspective. After this analysis we could establish the existence of two process-based error families: the pre-symptomatic and the post-symptomatic errors.


Abstract Nanoparticle deposition processes have the potentials to achieve rapid printing of large areas without the use of toxic solvents. Laser processing has been applied as an auxiliary method to enhance the performance of the deposition processes. Yet, there is still a lack of effective process modeling tools to predict the quality of deposition. In this study, we propose a multiscale adhesion modeling framework to assess the deposition performance of a laser enhanced nanoparticle deposition process. A new analytical adhesion model is developed to efficiently predict the deposition effect from particle size, particle velocity, and laser power, with the considerations of thermal energy induced by laser irradiation and kinetic energy of particles. The elastic-plastic properties of nanoparticles, which are dependent on the temperature and size of the particles, are predicted by molecular dynamics simulations. The model predictions are validated experimentally.


Ten kinds of interspecific hybrids were obtained involving the following species: H. surattensis L. (2x, genome constitution BB), H. sudanensis Hochr. (2x, GG), and H. rostellatus Guill. and Perr. (4x, GGHH) from Africa; H. furcatus Roxb. non Willd. (8x) from India and Ceylon; H. furcellatus Lam. and H. bifurcatus Cav. (both 4x, PPQQ) from South America; and H. heterophyllus Vent. (6x) from Australia. Chromosome pairing in pollen mother cells (PMC's) at metaphase I in the 4x hybrids H. bifurcatus-rostellatus and H. furcellatus-rostellatus indicated that the parents have one genome in common (Q = G or H). Hibiscus furcatus was shown earlier to have a B genome; hybrids of H. surattensis-sudanensis F, X furcatus were hexaploid, having received an unreduced gamete from their hybrid parent, and had approximately 36 II, 36 I in PMC's. The genome formula of H. furcatus may therefore be designated BBGGWWZZ. The hybrid H. rostellatus-furcatus (BGGHWZ) confirmed that H. furcatus has a G genome in common with H. rostellatus; pairing of the other three genomes was inconsistent, as was that in H. rostellatus-heterophyllus. Some samples of the latter approached 36 II, 36 I, expected if H. heterophyllus were GGHHJJ; other samples had less pairing. Hibiscus furcatus-heterophyllus hybrids apparently arose from unreduced gametes of H. heterophyllus and originated as decaploids rather than heptaploids; chromosome number was unstable in PMC's. Nevertheless, multivalents, especially trivalents, were frequent enough to suggest that H. furcatus and H. heterophyllus share G genomes. On the other hand, an 8x H. bifurcatus-furcatus hybrid, which apparently arose from an unreduced gamete of H. bifurcatus, had a low multivalent frequency. Hybrids were obtained of H. heterophyllus X sudanensis and H. surattensis-sudanensis X heterophyllus, but the plants were weak and were not analyzed cytologically. We suggest that the New World, African, Indian, and Australian genomes which retain a considerable degree of homology (G or H or both) were distributed by land prior to separation of the southern continents by continental drift. MANY PLANT GROUPS with primarily austral distributions on two or more continents have been recognized (Good, 1927; Camp, 1947). It has long been suspected that such distributions reflect former land connections betweeni southern continents (Good, 1947). Revival of interest in, and new evidence for, the Wegnerian theory of continental drift (Bullard, Everett, and Smith, 1965; Vine, 1966; Hurley, 1968; Gilluly, 1969; Orowan, 1969; Dietz and Sproll, 1970; MlcElhinny and Luck, 1970) lend credence to the idea that the primary diversification and dispersal of such groups occurred prior to final severing of the land masses that made up the ancient supercontinent of Gondwanaland (Hawkes and Smith, 1965; Fryxell, 1965). 1 Received for publication 19 August 1970. This research was supported by Atomic Energy Commission Contract No. AT-(40-1)-3348. The authors wish to acknowledge the help of Terry Ashley, J. K. Shull, Barbara B. Smith, D. A. Wise, and Karla G. Qazilbash, who participated in the intensive hybridization program during the winter of 1968-69 which produced many informative new hybrids, including the ones described here. Special thanks are extended to E. E. Register, without whose expert care many of the hybrids would not have survived, and to F. D. Wilson and P. A. Fryxell for many stimulating discussions. Several taxa in the Malvaceae have this type of distribution, among them several groups of Hibiscus species (Camp, 1947), Cienfuyosia (Fryxell. 1967), Radyera (Fryxell and Hashmi, personal communication), and Gossypium. Of these, only Gossypium has been thoroughly studied cytogenetically (see Anon., 1968 for a recent summary of geographical distributions and genome relationships). The diploid and polyploid species of Hibiscus L. with the base number x = 18, which comprise sect. Furcaria DC. emend. Hochr., afford a striking example of a group with a Gondwanaland distribution. Chromosome pairing has been analyzed in a number of interspecific hybrids in sect. Furcaria (Menzel and Wilson, 1969a; Menzel and A\'1artin, in press). The genome homologies thus established show that a minimum of seven, and perhaps 15 or more, different genome groups exist among the 26 species which have been available for study. Tentative genome formulae have been assigned to 15 species with the geographical relationships shown in Table 1. In addition, it has been shown that octoploid H. furcatus Roxb. non Willd. from India and Ceylon has one B and 3 non-B genomes, that octoploid


Cultural algorithm (CA) is a new evolutionary program inspired by sociology and archaeology theories that assisting formulating cultural evaluation. Its use to solve optimization problems. This paper analyzed the beamforming of a uniform circular antenna array (UCAA) via using the CA algorithm. The sidelobe level (SLL) is minimized by adjusting the appropriate weight for each element. In addition, the optimal beam pattern is achieved by using CA for UCAA, which means that the main beam is steering to the desired user, while the nulls represent the interference signals. The excitation amplitude is supposed to be constant while the elements are assumed isotropic. The circular array number elements and the interspacing distance between them are setting as optimization parameters. The simulation results show that the CA rationally reacts to the changing environments, and it is valuable for SLL reduction. A −25 dB of relative SLL is achieved under beam scanning (0º) and (15º), respectively.


Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) increases the conspicuity of venous structures within the brain.[1][1],[2][2] However, there are no reports of its usefulness in the detection of cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF), which may be less conspicuous on conventional MR imaging sequences. We


To better understand phase shifts on Caribbean reefs, we quantified community structure on shallow reefs over 27 yr in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, contrasted the community dynamics of scleractinians and octocorals, and evaluated the extent to which community structure was associated with rainfall, temperature, and hurricanes. To gain insight into the likely abundance of octocorals on future reefs with low scleractinian cover, we compared two sites dominated by the major Caribbean reef-building coral Orbicella annularis. Between 1987 and 2013, scleractinian cover declined from 45% to 6% at Yawzi Point, but remained at ~30% at Tektite. We compared changes in community structure using four benthic assemblage constructs—"scleractinian-focused" (cover of scleractinians, macroalgae, and CTB i.e. crustose coralline algae, algal turf, and bare space), "octocoral-focused" (abundance of octocorals, cover of macroalgae, and CTB), "octocoral genera" (abundance by genus), and a "complete" approach (all taxa)—to reveal how a consideration of octocoral abundance influenced the interpretation of coral reef community dynamics. Overall, temporal variation in community structure differed among the four assemblage constructs at both sites and was associated with rainfall and mean seawater temperature. These results suggest that: (1) scleractinian- and octocoral-focused communities in the same location responded differentially to the same environmental conditions, (2) their communities generally were influenced more by the chronic effects of rainfall and temperature than acute effects of storms, and (3) octocoral-focused communities were more resilient to environmental conditions than scleractinian-focused communities. With further declines in cover of scleractinians, octocoral communities are likely to become more common throughout the Caribbean.


This article reflects on the discursive representation, legal, and practical challenges of locating, classifying, and publishing citizens' views of the EU in digital media discourse. We start with the discursive representation challenge of locating and identifying citizens' voices in social and news media discourse. The second set of challenges pertains to the legal, regulatory framework guiding research ethics on personal data but also cuts across the academic debate on what constitutes "public" discourse in the digital public sphere. The third set of challenges are practical but of no less consequence. Here we bring in the issue of marketisation of the public sphere and of the digital commons, and how these processes affect the ethics but also the feasibility and reliability of digital public sphere analysis. Thereby we illustrate that barriers to content analysis can make data collection practically challenging, feeding dilemmas with data reliability and research ethics. These methodological and empirical challenges are illustrated and unpacked with examples from the Benchmark project, which analysed the extent to which citizens drive EU contestation on social and digital news media. Our study focuses on UK public discourse on a possible European Economic Area solution, and the reactions such discourse may have triggered in two EU-associated countries, Norway and Switzerland, in the post-Brexit referendum period 2016–2019. We thus take a broad European perspective of EU contestation that is not strictly confined within the EU public sphere(s). The case study illustrates the research process and the emerging empirical challenges and concludes with reflections and practical suggestions for future research projects.


Sixt North Carolinian artists are gathered together here in this catalogue on ten years of state fellowships. Bloom's introduction emphasises the coincidental nature of the group of fellowship winners. Artist's statements. Biographical notes.


............................................................................................. 14 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 History of HIV-1 and the AIDS Pandemic.......................... 17 1.2 Diversity of HIV................................................................... 18 1.3 Structure of HIV-1............................................................... 22 1.3.1 Genomic Organization.................................................. 22 1.3.2 Protein Function........................................................... 25 1.3.3 Virion Architecture....................................................... 31 1.4 HIV-1 Replication Cycle....................................................... 33 1.4.1 Viral Attachment and Entry........................................... 33 1.4.2 Capsid Uncoating and Reverse Transcription.................. 34 1.4.3 Nuclear Import and Genomic Integration....................... 39 1.4.4 Viral Transcription and Nuclear Export........................... 45 1.4.5 Virion Assembly, Budding, and Maturation..................... 47 1.5 Host and Virus Arms Race................................................... 49 1.6 Establishment and Maintenance of HIV Latency................ 53


In this paper, detailed laboratory investigations were conducted on coal wash produced at coal mine, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. Geotechnical tests were conducted to determine the particle size distribution, compaction characteristics, shear resistance and collapse potential. The compaction tests were conducted under dry and submerged condition to examine the compactability and the strength of the coal wash. The test shows that compacted coal wash has good potential as effective fill for embankments, and land reclamation. Although when coal wash is compacted under submerged condition, increased level of compaction has minimal effect. INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been a trend towards a more environmentally conscious society. As a result, waste minimization and waste recycling have been given a high priority in Australian industry. Mine waste including coal wash and furnace slag has both a monetary and an environmental benefit over conventional fills, if properly utilised in large construction projects (Indraratna et al. 1994; Kamon and Katsumi 1994; Lim and Chu 2006). Wollongong City, New South Wales located in the heart of coal mining and steel industry generates a mammoth volume of coal wash, blast furnace slag, mine waste aggregates and other granular by-products more than any other Australian city. Port Kembla is Wollongong's commercial harbor that solely caters for the mining market. Due to the demand for port facilities, 45 hectares Outer Harbour adjacent to the existing port structures has been undergone major expansion via land reclamation to maximize the available land area in the port and to provide the maximum number of berths suitable for bulk cargoes and container handling to service regional importers and exporters. In Illawarra, large stockpiles of waste mine products such as coal wash and furnace slag have been produced 2.1 million tons per year. Due to the associated environmental concerns, the Port Kembla Port Corporation would consider the use of these locally abundant waste aggregates as the predominant reclamation fill, among the more conventional natural aggregates such as tunnel cuttings and used rail ballast from other parts of NSW. Based the existing geological information (Stroud et al. 1985), the volcanic sandstone bedrock can be found at the bottom of Outer Harbor area (RL -15 to -20m), while the thickness of the estuarine clay is relatively small. The type of reclamation fills used at Port Kembla would constitute a relatively important component of the total settlement, apart from the obvious implications on the load bearing capacity and long term settlement. If the port foundations are not properly stabilized, unacceptable settlement of fill material, sudden subsidence of granular media, large lateral displacements and differential movements can cause damage to the main structures, as well as to adjacent facilities (pipelines, retaining walls etc.). The improvement of the heterogeneous waste materials of coal wash in terms of geotechnical properties has been conducted in the past (Indraratna 1994; Sarsby 2000; Pusadkar and Ramaswamy, 2005). Compaction method has been found to be useful to improve the load-deformation behavior (stiffness) of underlying of soil layers, especially loose granular materials (Kettle, 1983, Koutsoftas and Keifer, 1990; Pan and Selby, 2002, Lee and Gu, 2004). It is generally acknowledged that granular waste fill can be effectively compacted in the field using dynamic compaction. Compaction rapidly decreases the soil porosity via mechanical energy thereby improving the engineering properties of soil including friction angle and elastic modulus. However, there is no past study conducted to evaluate the geotechnical properties of coal wash upon compaction in relation to shear strength and collapsibility potential above or below water table. According to Indraratna et al. (1994) the collapse mechanism is controlled by three factors; (a) potentially unstable structure, such as flocculent type associated with soils compacted dry of optimum; (2) a high applied pressure which further increases the instability; and (3) a high suction which provides the structure with only temporary strength which dissipates on wetting. Evaluating the compaction characteristics of coal wash remain to be a most fundamental and essential component of this study. COAL WASH CLASSIFICATION The coal wash is a waste by-product of coal mining operations in the Illawarra. It is produced by the coal washery process used to refine raw, run-of-mine coal material. The properties of coal wash are not uniform because the mineral components are likely to vary from one place to another. Figure 1 shows the coal wash sample used in the testing program. The coal wash sample is a well graded, black, heterogeneous soil with varying constituent elements including coal. These constituents depend on the nature of the surrounding geology and mining processes used. This consists of any rock or soil strata local to the coal seam being mined. Table The specific gravity of coal wash sample is 2.04. The plastic and liquid limits are 17.7% and 27.2%, respectively. The sieve analysis was conducted according to ASTM standards. The grain size distribution of the coal wash is shown in Fig. 2. Based on the Unified Soil Classification System, the coal wash can be categorized as well graded sand (SW) with a uniformity coefficient of 10-12. The D50 size is in the order of 2.5mm, and the largest 20% of the particle fraction in the range of 6-10 mm. Figure 1. Coal wash sample 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 100.00 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000 % F in er (% ) Particle Size (mm) Series1 Series2


In the paper,we study the asymptotic behaviour of intermediate point in higher orders Cauchy of motion interval mean value theorem for differential,prove some important results.


Using a sample of 93 special treatment non-state-owned listed companies from 1998 to 2004,the paper empirically analyses how board's overconfident behaviors affect corporate performance.The empirical study shows that when the listed companies are specially treated-which shows the companies were in finance distress,some overconfident board does not change the CEO in time.This may mean the board overestimates the gain the CEO can bring to the company,but underestimates the risk.The empirical result supports that board's overconfident behaviors have negative influence on corporation performance.


ABSTRACT The Exshaw Formation of the Alberta Rocky Mountains and foothills consists of a lower, black shale unit and an upper, siltstone unit, which are separated by a gradational contact. At the type section on Jura Creek, near Exshaw, Alberta, the upper contact of the Exshaw is redefined so that the formation includes all, rather than merely the lower part, of an unbroken sequence of dark-yellowish orange-weathering calcareous siltstone. At the type section, the black shale unit is 33 ft thick and the siltstone unit 127 ft. X-ray diffraction data from the type section indicate that the shale is composed mostly of quartz and contains only minor amounts of illite, feldspar, and carbonates. The siltstone has considerably more calcite and dolomite than most of the shale. Throughout its area of outcrop, the Exshaw unconformably overlies limestones of the Devonian Palliser Formation, and is sharply (disconformably?) overlain by shales at the base of the Mississippian Banff Formation. The silts and clays, and some of the carbonaceous material in the black shale unit, were probably derived from soils and deposited in shallow-marine, euxinic lagoons. The siltstone unit was deposited in a regressive, marginal-marine environment of widespread, well-oxygenated tidal flats. Physical continuity is demonstrated between the Exshaw Formation and a) the lower two members of the Bakken Formation in the subsurface of southeastern Alberta and Saskatchewan, b) the Sappington Member of the Three Forks Formation in Montana. Conodont evidence from the Exshaw Formation and circumstantial conodont and spore evidence from the Sappington Member and Bakken Formation show the age of the Exshaw to be Devonian and Mississippian. The systemic boundary is probably positioned near the middle of the black shale unit. Evidence previously cited for the age of the Exshaw at Crowsnest Pass is shown to be more pertinent to the age of the overlying Banff Formation. End_Page 32-------------------------


The exchange integrals in magnetoelectric hexagonal ferrite SrCo2Ti2Fe8O19 have been calculated by using density functional theory. To get 10 inter-sublattice and 3 intra-sublattice exchange integrals, the electronic structures and total energies of 20 spin arrangements have been calculated with General Gradient Approximation (GGA) + U method. The dependence of exchange integrals on U has been studied. The comparison between the exchange integrals in SrFe12O19 and those in SrCo2Ti2Fe8O19 shows that substitution of Co and Ti decreases the most interactions involving the 12 k sites. The investigation based on our exchange integrals indicates that magnetic interaction between R and S blocks reduces significantly in SrCo2Ti2Fe8O19.


Adaptive beamforming refers to a method to proceed a signal to improve strength and steer the main beam of smart antenna to the desired user against interferer. In a phased array antenna, the weight of each element is adapted with Weight Adjustment Moth Flame Optimization (WAMFO). The algorithm is based on Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) that is inspired by the moth making spiral move to the flame as the objective function. The objective function is to obtain the minimum difference between reference and incoming signal. The weighted sum will generate the highest power to the desired direction, and then the interferer will be set to null. The simulation resulted in a uniform linear array showing that weight adjustment with the algorithm proposed could achieve faster convergence than other metaheuristic schemes. WAMFO had the average SNR values improvement of 26 to 32 dB for 100 iterations in five different scenarios.


The boundedness and compactness of generalized composition operators from area Nevanlinna spaces to Zygmund-type spaces and little Zygmund-type spaces are characterized.


Formation and stability of Co(II) chlorocomplexes were studied using UV-Vis and near Infra Red spectrophotometry in methanol at 25°C. Formation of three chlorocomplexes and a structural modification O h →T d were obtained from the study of the equilibrium: Co 2+ + j Cl - CoCl j(j-2)- . The stability of the monochlorocomplexe was studied by the graphical method of Kruh and the stability constants were calculated with the SIRKO program based on the least-square method, the retained model for the set of all solutions was [1, 2, 3]. Water effect on the stability of the formed complexes was carried out from recorded spectra analysis for different water fractions x water .


Semi dwarfing wheat gene (Rht8) is among the important Green Revolution genes to increase productivity by modifying plant stature. Plant height is among one of the important constituent of plant architecture that determines the stability, harvest index and yield of crop plants. Strong linkage of Xgwm261, a wheat microsatellite marker with the dwarfing gene (Rht8) resulting in reduced height makes it well known marker among the breeders. Using this functional SSR marker, Pakistani wheat varieties and land races were analyzed to access the allelic distribution/ variation at microsatellite Xgwm261 locus. The 165-bp and 174-bp alleles of Xgwm261 were most frequent (38 and 24% respectively) among studied genotypes. A 192-bp diagnostic allele of Rht8 gene was not detected in tested germplasm. Here we also report novel WMS261 variants of 182-bp, 188-bp, 196-bp and over 200-bp (205 and 215-bp) in some tested genotypes. For this microsatellite Xgwm261 locus the value of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.55. Conclusively, a high level of diversity for this locus was observed. Seven different microsatellite alleles were detected and a strong linkage of these variants at the Rht8 locus if identified will provide a better understanding for gene to environment interaction for designing appropriate marker assisted selection (MAS) for high yielder wheat cultivars. Observed higher frequency of major allele (165-bp) could possibly be due to usage of CIMMYT wheat materials in Pakistani breeding programs. Selection of appropriate alleles will be useful in the varietal improvements breeding programs.


Deep fat frying is one of the most commonly used procedure in the preparation of meal in the world. The most commonly consumed deep fat fried snacks are Bhajia, Chakli, Ganthia, Chevda, Boondi, Bhusa, Tumtum, Seve, Bhakharivadi, Fafda etc.


We previously implemented an authoring system to generate a learning environment based on a card game expressed in a flowchart. We improved the authoring system to automatically generate a learning environment by using words or sentences drawn from the rules of card games. The improvement is based on a card game model that is a structured representation of words and sentences from the rules of card games. In this paper, the card game model and the improved authoring system are introduced. The experimental evaluation of the improved system is also reported.


The serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) was initially isolated from bovine pancreas by Kazal and colleagues. A similar protease inhibitor was later identified in human pancreatic juice and called "pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor." By means of immunologic techniques, SPINK1 was later identified as a tumor-associated peptide and isolated from the urine of a patient with ovarian cancer. Hence, it was called "tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor" (TATI) (1 ). This name has been used in most studies of its use as a tumor marker [reviewed in (2 )]. TATI was shown to be a serum and urine marker for many types of cancer, but it was not found to be superior to earlier known markers that had been identified for diagnostic use. It was an independent prognostic marker for several types of cancer, however. Tumors producing SPINK1 have been shown to also produce trypsin, and because trypsin activates matrix metalloproteinases, which have been shown to mediate cancer invasion, an association between SPINK1 production and an adverse prognosis in cancer was ascribed to its coproduction with trypsin. SPINK1 was thought to have a role in cancer similar to the one it has in the pancreas, where it protects the pancreas by inhibiting prematurely activated trypsin (2 ). Mechanisms by which SPINK1 could exert alternative functions were suggested by its structural similarities with epidermal growth factor (EGF): a 50% sequence homology, a molecular size of approximately 6 kDa, and the presence of 3 intrachain disulfide bridges (2 ). This similarity with EGF prompted studies on the ability of SPINK1 to act as a growth factor. In 1985, SPINK1 was shown to bind to surface receptors and to stimulate DNA synthesis in fibroblasts, but EGF and several other growth factors did not compete with SPINK1 for binding. Results supporting the role of SPINK1 as a growth factor have been obtained in several recent studies. SPINK1 has been identified as a tumor-promoting factor in studies of altered gene expression in prostate and breast cancer and by proteomic analysis of the spent medium of colon cancer cell lines (3–5 ). SPINK1 has been shown to be the major proinvasive factor produced by colon cancer cells. The long-term prognostic value of SPINK1 has further been demonstrated by findings of its production in tissues in studies of archival samples of prostate, hepatocellular, colon, and breast cancers (2–5 ). The role of SPINK1 in tumor growth has also been confirmed experimentally in tissue culture studies and by studies of tumor xenografts in immune-deficient mice. Recombinant SPINK1 increases the invasion in collagen gel by several colon cancer cell lines, but a SPINK1 mutant, SPINK1 K18Y, which does not inhibit trypsin, has no effect on invasion. Furthermore, an antibody to SPINK1 inhibits the invasiveness of HT29 5M21 cells (4 ). In patients with colorectal cancer, high serum concentrations of SPINK1 have been shown to indicate an adverse prognosis (2 ). A recent study by Ateeq et al. has focused attention on the role of SPINK1 and, potentially, its use as a target in the treatment of prostate cancer (3 ). SPINK1 is known to be produced in the prostate and in prostate cancer, and its production increases with a higher tumor grade (2 ). Strongly increased SPINK1 production is found in about 10% of all prostate cancers, and this feature is associated with an adverse prognosis. In surgically resected patients, increased SPINK1 production is inversely related to E26 transformation–specific (ETS) rearrangements, but that is not the case in endocrine-treated patients (2 ). Ateeq et al. investigated the mechanisms by which SPINK1 is associated with an adverse prognosis in prostate cancer (3 ). They showed that SPINK1 induces an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer cell line 22RV1. Knock-down of SPINK1 production reduced these effects, whereas forced production increased cell proliferation and invasiveness. Administration of a monoclonal antibody to SPINK1 reduced cell proliferation and the invasion and growth of SPINK1-producing 22RV1 tumor xenografts in mice. This inhibitory effect was enhanced by coadministration of EGF receptor (EGFR) antibodies (3 ). SPINK1 has been shown to exert its effect by binding to EGFRs, but other mechanisms could also be in1 Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. * Address correspondence to the author at: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, FIN-00014 Helsinki University, PB 63, Finland. Fax 358-9-5054653; e-mail ulf-hakan. firstname.lastname@example.com. Received August 16, 2011; accepted August 17, 2011. Previously published online at DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2011.168476 2 Nonstandard abbreviations: SPINK1, serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1; TATI, tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor; EGF, epidermal growth factor; ETS, E26 transformation–specific; EGFR, EGF receptor. Clinical Chemistry 57:11 000 – 000 (2011) Perspectives


Tarsal tunnel syndrome, independently described in 1962 by Keck5 and Lam,7 was defined as a compressive neuropathy of the posterior tibia1 nerve within the tarsal canal. More recently, this term has encompassed not only idiopathic compressive neuropathies, but also cases where the compression has been specifically identified. Neurilemoma is an uncommon cause of tarsal tunnel syndrome, having been reported 10 since its first recognition by Janecki and Dovberg4 in 1977. Two other cases of the tumor arising from the lateral plantar nerve in the tarsal canal have been reported.1~2 times1 -188.8.131.52 0.1 3.16.1 7.20


Up against the background of developing countries, this study empirically researches the relationship between corporate governance and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure based on samples of Chinese listed companies. The results show that the governance quality of listed companies significantly affects ESG disclosure. Through further heterogeneity analysis, this paper reveals the key role of enterprise nature when influencing corporate governance on ESG disclosure. Specifically, under the same governance capability, ESG disclosure of state-owned enterprises tends to be better than that of non-state-owned ones. From the perspective of corporate governance, this study not only enriches the understanding of the influencing factors of ESG disclosure, but also sheds new light on optimizing corporate governance and improving sustainable development. Meanwhile, policymakers have been provided with enlightenment to make decisions in setting policies and environmental standards.


Recent changes in the Russian economy are accompanied by mass liquidation of unscrupulous participants in the banking sector. These processes are the result of inspections initiated by the Bank of Russia. Meanwhile a whole range of managers of commercial banks are being investigated in criminal cases related to fraud, illegal banking activities, misappropriation or embezzlement. When investigating crimes committed in the credit and banking sector, it is often necessary to apply specialized economic knowledge, including knowledge of finance, credit, and accounting for financial institutions. The article discusses various forms of using specialized forensic knowledge, i.e. audit, inspection, inventory taking and forensic lending investigation. The grounds for their implementation, their purpose and scope are explained. The information will contribute to the effective use of specialized economic knowledge and more thorough investigation of this category of criminal cases.


The survey on non-point pollution of heavy city's water pollution in water,mud and creature samples of Hunan Huaihua Wushui River.It is found that the coliform from faeces tended to be worse,which had even worse in the early 1980's.Mercuty and no-ammoniao ion and so on had different effection on the Wushui River.It was polluted mainly by the life's sewage enteaing river together with rain water.


The series consists of case studies concerned with the role that lexical information and lexically driven inference play in the construction of semantic representations of discourses. Semantic representations are constructed as in DRT: Discourse representations (DRSs) are built sentence by sentence, with each new sentence yielding an extension of the DRS for the preceding text. The present disambiguation strategy depends - the verbs kaufen and ausleihen - and to deal with all other words in the manner of earlier construction algorithms For present purposes it is crucial that DRS construction involves the use of a lexicon, which specifies the relevant syntactic and semantic properties of the words that make up the processed sentences. Keywords:algorithm; disambiguation; discourse; semantic; sentence