Simple Summary Chromosomal DNA must be faithfully duplicated and segregated into two daughter cells when cells divide. DNA synthesis initiates from specific regions known as the origins of replication. When it starts, a pair of the replication fork is established, and each replication fork moves away from replication origins. In each replication fork, replicative helicase unwinds DNA from a double to a single strand. This implies that two sets of active helicase are generated from each replication origin. To make this possible, two sets of replicative helicases are loaded onto replication origins as inactive dimers first. When S-phase specific cyclin-dependent kinases, S-CDKs, are activated, the inactive helicase is converted into the active helicase with the aid of other factors called firing factors. Although two sets of firing factors seem to be required to activate two sets of helicase, it is largely unknown whether two sets of firing factors function simultaneously to establish bidirectional replication forks in a coordinated way. We introduce our current understanding of firing factor dimerization and discuss its potential contribution to bidirectional replication fork formation in this review. Abstract Controlling the activity of the heterohexameric Mcm2–7 replicative helicase is crucial for regulation of replication origin activity in eukaryotes. Because bidirectional replication forks are generated from every replication origin, when origins are licensed for replication in the first step of DNA replication, two inactive Mcm2–7 heterohexiameric complexes are loaded around double stranded DNA as a head-to-head double hexamer. The helicases are subsequently activated via a 'firing' reaction, in which the Mcm2–7 double hexamer is converted into two active helicase units, the CMG complex, by firing factors. Dimerization of firing factors may contribute to this process by allowing simultaneous activation of two sets of helicases and thus efficient assembly of bidirectional replication forks. An example of this is dimerization of the firing factor Sld3/Treslin/Ticrr via its binding partner, Sld7/MTBP. In organisms in which no Sld7 ortholog has been identified, such as the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Sld3 itself has a dimerization domain, and it has been suggested that this self-interaction is crucial for the firing reaction in this organism. Dimerization induces a conformational change in Sdl3 that appears to be critical for the firing reaction. Moreover, Mcm10 also seems to be regulated by self-interaction in yeasts. Although it is not yet clear to what extent dimerization of firing factors contributes to the firing reaction in eukaryotes, we discuss the possible roles of firing factor dimerization in simultaneous helicase activation.


This paper discusses the master-design of an integrated MIS for electricity use based on computer internet, which covers all the procedures in electricity management, including data collection with an auto-read ammeter, customer management, e-lectricity supply operations, auto-accounting of electricity quantity and account settlement at the counter.


This cohort study investigates the association of endovascular therapy with modified Rankin Scale score compared with standard medical treatment among patients with acute basilar artery occlusion and severe symptoms.


The Mitsunobu cyclization of p-t-butylthiacalix[4]arene with glycols was expanded to oligoethylene glycol analogues composed of O, S and N atoms in the chain. In this way a number of 1,3-thiacalix[4]monocrowns have been synthesized, offering simple and general access to a large variety of crowned thiacalixarenes. The binding properties of some ligands towards transition metal cations have been studied by 1H NMR, UV/Vis spectroscopic and potentiometric methods.


Objective To explore the best way to laparoscopic hysterectomy vaginal stump suture. Methods Hospital from December 2010 to November 2012 the purposes of laparoscopic hysterectomy cases of 80 cases were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,1/0 Johnson Yi Qiao absorption lines. Control group of 40 patients from the vagina,vaginal stump single lock side suture suture until the other side,from the side of the top of the vagina;treatment group of 40 patients in the laparoscopic continuous suture,after one month follow-up,statistical vaginal residue The end of the bleeding and vaginal stump incidence of polyps. Results The follow-up of 36 cases,stump bleeding rate was 11.1%(4/36),polyps was 5.5%(2/36) in the control group 35 cases were followed stump bleeding rate was 34.2%(12/35),polyps was 37.1%(13/35)between the two groups was statistically significant difference(P0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic hysterectomy endoscopic suturing method is superior to the vagina vaginal suture the stump method.


This reply draws attention to the importance of taking into account the results of the study of the phenomenon of reflexivity in scientific knowledge, which have been obtained in the domestic philosophical and methodological tradition. We believe that taking this kind of results into account could enrich the analysis of the strong programme in the STS. We touch the origins of reflexive tendencies, the reflexive and non-reflexive in scientific knowledge, personal and transpersonal forms, the types and levels of reflexion in science, as well as denote the mechanisms that allows taking an external position in relation to the subject about which reflexive procedures are carried out (if we mean the interval approach implementation).


Based on bispectrum analysis basic principle,algorithm and in project understanding,the vibration signal empiricaldatum which acquired in the laboratory carries on the bispectrum analysis in view of the actual device,the experiment had indicated that the bispectrum analysis could distinguish the breakdown characteristic and denoise effectively.


Background: Breast cancer is the highest incidence among cancers in women, which diagnosed by tissue biopsy. These disadvantages, such as the invasive technique itself and the suffer from surgical procedure, make liquid or biofluid biopsies are further studied. The extracellualar or circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), has opened up new opportunities for early cancer diagnosis, because the method is non-invasive and simpler than tissue biopsies. Their presence in the circulation can be either cell-free or wrapped in vesicle membranes such as exosomes, microparticles, and apoptotic bodies, making miRNAs a potential biomarker in breast cancer. In addition, miRNA is currently being developed as a targeted therapy in breast cancer.
Methods: This literature was collected from significant journal databases, included published original article from 2005 until 2021. We only included freely accessible journals, using "miRNA breast cancer and circulating microRNA" as keywords.
Results: This review introduces a perspective on the function of miRNAs by illustrating their potential biomarker in diagnosis breast cancer.
Conclusion: miRNAs play an important role in regulating breast cancer development and their clinical role in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets in breast cancer patients.

Key words: microRNA, breast cancer, metastatic, biofluid biopsy


Trafficking in human beings is large-scale and growing. It is a human rights abuse as well as a crime crossing international, national and regional jurisdictions. Trafficking is used for a wide variety of purposes, such as domestic, sweatshop labor and prostitution. Bosnia and Herzegovina was a destination country for victims of trafficking, and evidence suggests the majority are women trafficked into debt-bonded prostitution. Trafficking in persons is also an international crime: one that is highly profitable for offenders, with relatively low risk. Recent years have seen many changes in international and national responses to, and legislation on, trafficking in persons. In this paper special attention will be devoted to interviews with victims of trafficking as witnesses. (English) Keywords: Human trafficking


Equivalent circuit models are a hot research topic in the field of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, and scholars have proposed a variety of equivalent circuit models, from simple to complex. On one hand, a simple model cannot simulate the dynamic characteristics of batteries; on the other hand, it is difficult to apply a complex model to a real-time system. At present, there are few systematic comparative studies on equivalent circuit models of lithium-ion batteries. The representative first-order resistor-capacitor (RC) model and second-order RC model commonly used in the literature are studied comparatively in this paper. Firstly, the parameters of the two models are identified experimentally; secondly, the simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink environment, and finally the output precision of these two models is verified by the actual data. The results show that in the constant current condition, the maximum error of the first-order RC model is 1.65% and the maximum error for the second-order RC model is 1.22%. In urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) condition, the maximum error of the first-order RC model is 1.88%, and for the second-order RC model the maximum error is 1.69%. This is of great instructional significance to the application in practical battery management systems for the equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles.


To gain insight into the regulation of pancreatic β-cell mitochondrial metabolism, the direct effects on respiration of different mitochondrial substrates, variations in the ATP}ADP ratio and free Ca#+ were examined using isolated mitochondria and permeabilized clonal pancreatic β-cells (HIT). Respiration from pyruvate was high and not influenced by Ca#+ in State 3 or under various redox states and fixed values of the ATP}ADP ratio ; nevertheless, high Ca#+ elevated pyridine nucleotide fluorescence, indicating activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase by Ca#+. Furthermore, in the presence of pyruvate, elevated Ca#+ stimulated CO # production from pyruvate, increased citrate production and efflux from the mitochondria and inhibited CO # production from palmitate. The latter observation suggests that β-cell fatty acid oxidation is not regulated exclusively by malonyl-CoA but also by the mitochondrial redox state. α-Glycerophosphate (α-GP) oxidation was Ca#+-dependent with a half-maximal rate observed at around 300 nM Ca#+. We have recently demonstrated that


Background In breast cancer patients with a tumor-positive sentinel node, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and axillary radiotherapy (ART) provide both comparable and excellent axillary control. For determination of the optimal treatment, information about morbidity is crucial. The AMAROS (After Mapping of the Axilla: Radiotherapy or Surgery?) phase III trial compares ALND and ART in early breast cancer patients with a tumour-positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB). In this safety analysis, we studied morbidity of ALND compared to ART and identified risk factors for morbidity. Patients and methods Of the 4823 patients enrolled between 2001 and 2010, the 1274 patients with a tumour-positive SNB who received axillary treatment were included in this analysis. Patients were randomized to undergo ALND or ART including the medial part of the supraclavicular fossa. The incidence of surgical complications was analyzed, as well as the presence of paraesthesia of the arm. Lymphedema and shoulder mobility were analyzed at 1 and 5 years follow-up, by treatment received (at one year for edema; ART: n= 406, ALND: n= 387, ALND+ART: n=27). Lymphedema was analyzed as reported by the investigator (yes/no). Shoulder mobility was analyzed using the range of motion (anteversion, retroversion, abduction and adduction), comparing the ipsilateral side to the contralateral side. The predictive value of patient related factors as well as treatment factors (extent of ALND, the addition of radiation to ALND) was analyzed in a multivariate model. Results Surgical complications were observed in 23% of the patients in the ALND-group versus 9% in the ART-group (P<0.001). Paraesthesia of the arm was observed in 10% of the patients in the ALNDgroup and 9% in the ART-group. Lymphedema at 1 year post-treatment in patients treated with ART, ALND and ALND+ART was recorded in 15%, 25% (p<0.001 vs ART), and 59% (P<0.001 vs ART) of the patients respectively. After 5 years these rates were 10%, 21% (P<0.001 vs ART) and 58% (P<0.001 vs ART). Independent risk factors for the development of lymphedema within the first year were treatment with ALND (vs ART; OR 2.2) or ALND+ART (vs ART; OR 7.6), a BMI > 25, pre-menopausal status and treatment on the dominant side. Shoulder mobility decreased temporarily, in particular during the first year in both treatment arms. Independent risk factors for reduced abduction, anteversion and/or retroversion at 1 year post-treatment were the addition of supraclavicular radiotherapy after ALND, and an extensive ALND (level I+II+III). An ALND level I+II showed a better shoulder function compared to ART. Conclusions Post-operative complications and lymphedema were significantly higher after ALND than after ART. Combining ALND and ART further increased the risk of lymphedema. Patient-related factors contributed to a higher risk of lymphedema, but not to reduced shoulder mobility. The latter was influenced by the type and extent of the axillary treatment. ART is the preferred treatment over ALND in patients with a tumor-positive SNB. The combination of axillary surgery and radiation should, if possible, be avoided.


This article generally describes the development of fiber-optic pressure sensors. From the point of view of lightwave modulation, this article introduces fiber-optic intensity-modulated, frequency-modulated, phase-modulated, wavelength-modulated, polarization-modulated pressure sensors and fiber-optic distributed modulated pressure sensors, separately introduces their principle, configuration, advantage, disadvantage, and so on. This article gives a detailed description of fiber-optic intensity-modulated pressure sensors in most common use and rapid developing fiber-optic distributed modulated pressure sensors at present.


›Eating at the void‹ is a melancholic jump and run fairy tale, a surreal picture dream and nightmare at the same time in black and white. Chichirik's individual approach towards animation is somewhere between classic stop motion, computer game worlds and traditional fairy tale creates a patchwork made of figures, characters and forms, a story that is told like the horizontal axis of a console game.


In aquatic environments Cu is both a vital nutrient and an important toxicant. Consequently fish require Cu as a micronutrient and can obtain this metal from either water or their diet. Inadequate intake of Cu is associated with reduced growth and development, while decreased growth rates, mortality and reduced swimming capacity have been reported in fish when Cu accumulates in excess of cellular needs. Characterization of Cu uptake is therefore critical in understanding the dynamics that govern toxicity and the risks associated with exposure to an aquatic contaminant. While mechanisms of waterborne uptake and toxicity are well understood, far less is known about gastrointestinal Cu uptake in fish. In vivo and in vitro techniques were therefore used in this study to investigate dietary Cu uptake in freshwater rainbow trout. The mid and posterior regions of the intestine emerged as important sites for Cu absorption in trout, while the role of the stomach and anterior intestine in Cu absorption requires further investigation. The intestinal uptake route was kinetically characterized as a low affinity absorption pathway as compared to the branchial route. Cu uptake appeared to occur via a hypoxia-resistant, carrier-mediated, saturable process which could be fueled by Cu(IIi+ at concentrations typically found in the fluid phase of chyme in the trout intestine. Experimental manipulation of mucosal NaCllevels stimulated Cu uptake, Na2S04 had an identical effect, implicating N a rather than the anion. These responses were unrelated to solvent drag, osmotic pressure or changes in TEP. The presence of excess


Our study assessed the ability 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) radiomics to differentiate breast carcinoma from breast lymphoma using machine‐learning approach.


The study aims to define the green strategy and identify the level of its application in the investigated organization through its indicating practices. To achieve that aim, the Oil Products Distribution Company in Nineveh was chosen as a field for the study. A questionnaire form was used as the main tool in collecting data. The questionnaire was distributed among a sample of (103) employees in the investigated organization. Based on the results of statistical analysis, using descriptive measures and Friedman Test, a set of conclusions were presented. The most important of these conclusions was that there is an agreement that green strategy practices are present in the investigated company with a level that is distinctive from other practices. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a number of recommendations were set fourth including the necessity of increasing the actual management attention to areas that support environmental orientation, especially through the green strategy and its indicating practices in the investigated organization.


The pathophysiology of AMS remains unexplained. In high altitude cerebral edema, considered a late‐form of AMS, there is marked vasogenic cerebral edema. However, whether the brain swells in AMS has not been thoroughly explored.


The Virtual School of Biodiversity aims to distribute qualityassured, multimedia, teaching materials. This poster highlights one aspect of this initiative, the cross-institutional teaching of a technology-mediated undergraduate course in biodiversity.


Three altitude- low (Silty clay loam), mid (Clay loam) and high (Silty loam) zone soils of District Ganderbal, Kashmir (India) were studied for quantity/intensity (Q/I) relationship to evaluate the K dynamics. KL, ΔK°, KX and PBCK were found to be higher in mid altitude soils. The values of KL, ΔK°, LX, and KX ranged from 0.50 to 0.60, 0.12 to 0.15 and 0.38 to 0.44 cmol Kg−1 in mid, low and high altitude soils respectively. The equilibrium activity ratio (AReK) of K varied from 0.34 to 0.82 × 10−3(mole/l)0.5, potassium buffering capacity (PBCK) from and free energy (−ΔG) of K – (Ca+Mg) exchange ranged between 22.7 to 34.7 (cmol Kg−1)/(mole/l)0.5 and - 4.2 to - 4.7 K cal mole−1 respectively. The soils showed high capacities to maintain the potential of K against depletion, as they represented very high linear PBCK. Significant correlations were found between Q/I parameters and soil properties. Among the studied soil attributes, most of the variation was accounted for i) by organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable K (Ex-K) on KL, "K° and KX; ii) by pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and CaCO3on AReK and Δ G.


Objective To evaluate the correlation between diabetic nephropathy and serum thyroid hormone in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods 747 inpatient cases with type 2 DM from endocrinology department were collected from June 2005 to Mary 2008.They were divided into three groups according to the level of UAER: non diabetic nephropathy group(UAER≤20 ug/min),mild kidney disease group(20UAER≤200 ug/min) and severe kidney disease group(UAER200 ug/min).And the last two groups are also called diabetic nephropathy group.Serum thyroid hormone was monitored.The data was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.Results The risk factors including age,course,systolic blood pressure,despotic blood pressure,HbA1c,fasting glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,lowdensity lipoprotein are significantly higher in diabetic nephropathy group than non diabetic nephropathy group.FT3,FT4 in diabetic nephropathy group are significantly lower than non diabetic nephropathy group.FT3 and FT4 decreased with the progression of diabetic nephropathy.TSH has no change.Conclusion Patients with diabetic nephropathy has certain degrees of hypothyroidism.It will contribute to assess the condition of diabetic nephropathy to monitor thyroid function changes.


Identification of my bryophyte collections made during the Helsinki University, Department of Botany expedition to N.E. Tanzania in 1988 (Koponen et al., 1990) revealed some taxa among the bryophytes on disturbed soil that have been rarely reported or unrecorded in Tanzania. During the expedition, I collected bryophytes mainly on open, disturbed soil on road banks and forest tracks (Laaka, 1990) in two localities in the lower montane rain forest zone of the Usambara Mountains, in managed forests on the western slope of Mt Meru, along a forest track around Kitoto Camp site in Arusha National Park, and also on the bases of eroding volcanic cliffs in the caldera of Mt Meru in Arusha National Park. The localities are situated at altitudes ranging from 850 m to 2700 m. All localities, except the Mt Meru caldera site, are influenced at least to some degree by human interference. In addition to traffic, road construction and trampling, the habitats are occasionally eroded by heavy rainfall during the rainy seasons. Therefore, patches of bare soil are more or less regularly created for bryophytes to colonize, with a succession of bryophyte communities developing (Laaka, 1990). Such habitats have not, unfortunately, been the focus of bryofloristics in tropical Africa and, consequently, relatively little is known about their bryophyte flora. The bryophytes collected in the caldera of Mt Meru grew on a thin layer of eroded volcanic sand covering fissures in the cliffs and the bases of the cliff walls. Fine-grained sandy material is easily carried away by rainwater and wind, which create natural disturbances on labile substrata. In this paper, locality and collection data are provided for eight moss and two hepatic species that are rare or lack published records from Tanzania. A more comprehensive list of my bryophyte collections from road banks and forest tracks in N.E. Tanzania with a description of the structure of the successional stages of bryophyte communities on disturbed soil will be published elsewhere (Laaka-Lindberg & Pohjamo, in prep.). The nomenclature follows the most recent checklists of sub-Saharan mosses (O'Shea, 2003) and hepatics (Wigginton, 2002). The species are listed in alphabetical order.


In this paper,some new oscillation criteria are obtained for quasilinear elliptic differential equations of the form div(|Du|~(p-2)A(x)Du)+c(x)|u|~(p-2)u=0,x∈Ω(?)R~n, whereΩis an exterior domain in R~n and p1.These criteria are only based on the information of a sequence of subdomain ofΩ(?) R~n and different from most known ones.


The impact of sports on human physiology ,psychology,the visceral organs,blood vessel of braine and blood vessel of heart is expounded from many aspects in this article.


Objective. Move towards a definition of the perspective called "Of People Who Use Drugs (PUD)". Methodology. The method used is philosophical archeology consisting of the description of the damage reduction training system as an object of the aforementioned perspective. Results and conclusions. The most characteristic objectification rules of the "Of People Who Use Drugs" perspective are that activism operates as an emergency surface, testimony operates as a delimitation authority and the agency operates as a specification grid. The text introduces the problem to be treated, then presents the methodology taking special care in the most practical aspects of the procedure. He then presents the results of the archaeological analysis of two documents: a comment on harm reduction and a public policy report prepared by global networks of activists. The article concludes by approaching a definition of the perspective "Of People Who Use Drugs".


The principles of radiotherapy are fundamentally the same whether the lesion be primary or metastatic. The first decision is always whether treatment can be expected to cure or only to palliate, but with this difference, that once metastases are present the proportion of cases for which cure is possible falls very low. The curability of metastases by any method, including surgery, depends greatly on the route by which the neoplastic cells have reached the site of secondary deposit. When the spread is by the lymphatics the next site likely to be involved can be foretold with some certainty. Treatment can then be planned to deal with the spread before it becomes evident, the outstanding example being the radical operation for cancer of the breast carried out before there is clinical evidence that lymph nodes are involved. X-ray fields are also planned with prophylaxis in view, and can go further than surgery in the treatment of cancer of the breast by including the supraclavicular lymph nodes. It must be ma...


Typically, conventional multilevel inverters (MLI) have the disadvantage of being unable to step up the input voltage. Therefore, one type of three phase MLI with boost capacity is proposed. The proposed three-phase inverter is capable of generating seven levels (0, 1V dc, 2V dc, 3V dc, −1 V dc, −2V dc, −3V dc), while only one DC source and five capacitors are required for the three phase configuration. To facilitate analysis, a phase position pulse-width-modulation (PD-PWM) strategy is applied to control switches. And suitable switching modes are also selected to balance the voltage of capacitors. In order to verify and validate the proper operation of the proposed circuit configuration and the ability using plug-in electric vehicle (PVE) battery into grid, the system is simulated in PLECS. The results of simulation are provided to validate the feasibility of the proposed inverter.


This review article presents a summary of research on the second language acquisition of Bantu languages, including Swahili, Zulu, Xhosa and Lingala. Although second language (L2) research on these languages is currently very limited, work in morphosyntax and phonology suggests promising directions for future study, particularly on noun class, tense and aspect.


Given a planar potential V , we look for families of orbits f(x, y) = c (determined by their slope function γ = fy/fx), traced by a material point of unit mass under the action of that potential. The second-order equation which relates γ and V is nonlinear in γ; to find special solutions, we consider in addition a linear first-order partial differential equation satisfied by γ. The problem does not admit always solutions; but when solutions do exist, they can be found by algebraic manipulations. Examples are given for homogeneous families γ, and for some special cases which arise in the course of reasoning.


In Figure 6A, the background of the image of the psbD polysome profile for lpa66was erased inappropriately. The original data could not be found, thus Figure 6A was reconstituted with the data from a duplicated experiment. The legend was revised accordingly. The original conclusions of this article are not affected by these corrections. The original and corrected versions of this figure are presented with the corrected version of the figure indicated.


The article discusses a method to control seepage in shafts. A special shaft model was built for this purpose. The paper mainly focuses on electrical impedance tomography with image reconstruction where the machine learning method was used, then the reconstruction results were compared and different numerical models were applied. The key parameters in electrical tomography are the speed of analysis and the accuracy of the reconstructed objects. Applications most often present challenges in obtaining spatial data from observations outside the measurement limits. Inverse problems are solved to obtain the reconstruction algorithm. The main advantage of the discussed solution is the possibility of analysing multidimensional data as well as high processing speed. Classification trees were used to obtain feedback on the degree of embankment seepage.


Phenoxy-Bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) blends prepared from solution undergo signfiicant interchange reactions at 160)C and «scramble» to form essentially random copolymers of complex architecture during a period of up to about 2 h. IR spectroscopy is demonstrated to be an excellent technique for studying this process, because it is sensitive to the transformation of the original aromatic/aromatic carbonate groups of PC to aromatic/aliphatic and aliphatic/aliphatic carbonates, the distribution of these different carbonate moieties being a function of the blend composition and the extent reaction


This study investigates for the first time the comprehension of rhetorical questions (RhQs) in bilingual children. RhQs are non-canonical questions, as they are not used to request information, but to express the speaker's belief that the answer is already obvious. This special pragmatic meaning often arises by means of specific prosodic and lexical-syntactic cues. Being childhood learners, children have to acquire the concept of rhetoricity, but being bilinguals, they further need to acquire the different cues marking RhQs in their two languages. We tested 85 bilingual children (aged 6–9 years) with Italian as heritage language (HL) and German as majority language (ML) in both of their languages, using a forced-choice comprehension task. Our results show that RhQ comprehension improves with age in both languages. Bilingual children are able to exploit prosodic and syntactic cues to comprehend RhQs in their ML and HL with a slight advantage in the ML. This advantage could be either an effect of the cues used in the experiments in the two languages or of a higher proficiency in the ML. In addition, our results point to a later acquisition of prosodic rhetorical cues, which has implications for bilingual acquisition of non-canonicity in general.


On the basis of the field investigation and grain size analysis of 40 samples of river deposits, flood depth,flood stages of Weihe River and climatic change over the past 100 years in Xian′yang are studied. The material shows that over the past 100 years the Weihe deposit is 2.1 m in thickness and consists of silt layers and silver sand layers, 15 deposit layers occurred and alternations between silt sand layer and middle-coarse sand layer are obvious, which indicates 15 stages of large scale flood. The flood scale was largest during formation of 12th and 10th stage and the flood scale was smallest during formation of 11th and 6th stage. Over the past 100 year the flood scale has become less compared with the flood over 1000 years, which indicates decreasing precipitation and drying climate.


In the transcatheter aortic valve replacement era, characterization of functional status in older adults with aortic stenosis (AS) is essential. Gait speed (GS) is emerging as a marker of frailty and predictor of outcomes in older adults undergoing cardiovascular intervention. The objective of this study was to delineate the prevalence of slow GS, evaluate the association of GS with factors used in standard cardiovascular assessments, and evaluate the association of GS with dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) in older adults with AS.


In order to absorb the regenerative braking energy of trains, supercapacitor energy storage systems (ESS) are widely used in subways. Although wayside ESS are widely used, because of the influence of no-load voltage, and so on, a wayside ESS cannot absorb all the regenerative braking energy in some special cases, and the brake resistor is still activated, which leading to the wasting of energy. In order to completely replace the on-board brake resistor, this paper configures a certain on-board super-capacitor, and based on a DC-side series super-capacitor topology, proposes a hierarchical optimization energy management strategy (EMS). The EMS is divided into three layers: Firstly, the strategy can increase the inverter-side voltage in a short time without changing the traction network voltage, and improve the train braking characteristic curve by utilizing the short-time overvoltage capability of the inverter and the motor; Secondly, by coordinated control with a wayside supercapacitor, the residual regenerative braking energy can be absorbed even in special cases; Finally, based on loss calculation and current prediction, this strategy can effectively reduce the system loss by adjusting the DC voltage on the inverter-side. The proposed control strategy is validated through RT-LAB experiment, and the experimental results agree well with the theory.


1. Introduction 2. Theories and concepts of attention 3. Anatomy and physiology of attention 4. Closed head injury 5. Dementia of the Alzheimer type 6. Parkinson's disease 7. Epilepsy 8. The assessment of attention 9. Behavioral and social consequences of attentional deficits 10. Rehabilitation of attentional impairments


The notion of substantive equality has weaved its way through the feminist movement, since the promises of formal equality failed to realize the goals of feminist reformers. Formal equality promised that women, once legally recognized as the "same" as men, would no longer suffer gender-biased injustices under the law.' While the promulgation of gender-neutral laws2 has helped break down some traditional gender norms,3 the law of equal opportunity has not achieved equality of results. For example, in the employment setting, formal equality has evolved into a "separate but equal" doctrine4 that formally promises equal opportunity in the workplace, but actually gives rise to "mommy tracks,"5 sexual harassment, and "Darwinian selection." 6 This Note will explore the tension between formal and substantive equality for women that arises in the most recent debate over no-fault divorce reform. As some state legislatures now consider a return to fault-based divorce law7 to solve the


For bone conductive headphone, whereas, the input is same in the above case but the output will be in terms of mechanical vibration measured as an vibrating force. IEC standard 118-9 defines a method of expressing the ration between input and output level as an acousto-mechanical sensitivity measured on a mechanical coupler. This paper proposes a non-contacting output force level measurement system for the place of the mechanical coupler. The proposed measurement system utilizes the Michelson interferometry for detecting the displacement of the loading mass. The acceleration of the mass can be obtained by the second order differentiation of the observed signal for time.


We define the notion of Cartesian 2-fibrations, and prove a weak analogue of straightening. Using Barwick's notion of operator categories and the notion of a Cartesian 2-fibration, we extend the notion of $\infty$-operads to the $(\infty,2)$-categorical context. These $(\infty,2)$-operads are used to define and study 2-rings in the $\infty$-categorical context.


The present invention relates to a method for controlling frequency setting which can utilize an existing repeater when a frequency is changed in a mobile communication environment in which a base station and a repeater overlap. According to the present invention, the method for controlling frequency setting to utilize an existing repeater when a frequency allocated to a base station is changed in a mobile communication network environment in which the base station and a repeater overlap comprises the following steps of: (a) measuring an uplink signal for a mobile communication terminal in the overlapped mobile communication network coverage; (b) determining whether there is a frequency band on which the measured signal intensity is less than a predetermined limit; and (c) setting a different frequency band as the location of a physical random access channel (PRACH) when there is a frequency band on which the measured signal intensity is less than the limit. [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S10) Terminal access; (S20) Measure an uplink signal intensity (UL RSSI) for each resource block (RB); (S30) Measured signal intensity <= limit?; (S40) Determine a repeater reverse band; (S50) Adjust a PRACH offset


Urban areas can affect groundwater quality by releasing wastewater-borne contaminants including inorganic compounds and micropollutants. Sewer networks and urban streams that receive effluent from wastewater treatment plants, for example, act as wastewater transport pathways, while potentially losing treated or untreated wastewater to groundwater. Collectively, these pathways are known as urban line sources, which are characterized by human-dominated variations of the wastewater composition in sewers and by temporally higher loads of wastewater constituents in urban streams during combined sewer overflows. In combination with exfiltration via randomly distributed sewer leaks or heterogeneous streambeds, this leads to extremely heterogeneous concentration patterns which complicate the investigation of groundwater contamination originating from these types of urban line sources. This study investigates the influence of urban line sources on groundwater quality with a new monitoring approach that overcomes the problem of heterogeneous concentrations by using large volume sampling with the integral pumping test (IPT) method. In the evaluation of the monitoring approach, wastewater compound mass flow rates of IPT applications upand downstream of line source sections are compared to quantify exfiltration mass flow rates per unit length Mex. The monitoring approach was operated at a leaky sewer and a temporally losing stream for the inorganic compounds B, Cl, K, NO3, NH4 and SO4 as well as for the micropollutants bisphenol-a, caffeine, technical-nonylphenol and tonalide. The concentration-time series of the IPTs at the two sites revealed an influence of the line sources on the groundwater quality. The observed variability of the concentration values was higher for micropollutants than for inorganic compounds. At the leaky sewer site, higher mass flow rates downstream of the sewer section were observed for B, Cl and total nitrogen Ntot. Therefore, values of Mex could be calculated for these compounds. Reduced or unaltered mass flow rates of the most reactive wastewater constituents, including micropollutants downstream of the leaky sewer, indicate that mass reduction processes occurred on the passage from the sewer to the pumping wells. The water exfiltration rate Qex from the sewer was calculated with concentrations of the conservative ion Cl. The comparison of these Qex values with alternative measurements shows that the line source monitoring approach can provide reliable data.


IMPACT The authors examine the experiences of public sector workers in Ireland who had either been ill-treated or who worked to prevent ill-treatment and bullying in their organization. The authors demonstrate the limitations of providing a policy in the absence of understanding the need for implementation, and the need to understand how organizational culture is relevant to both the enactment and the amelioration of ill-treatment in the workplace. Training managers to be proactive and to be mindful of the need to ensure accountability is important, as well as communicating what is unacceptable in terms of behaviour and management style. ABSTRACT This paper explores the experiences of workers in a public sector organization in respect of workplace ill-treatment. The paper is based on 11 interviews which were part of the Irish Workplace Behaviour Study (2018). Workplace ill-treatment, and in particular workplace bullying, has been found to be more prevalent in public sector workplaces. Irish public sector workplaces have taken the brunt of severe austerity measures imposed by successive governments as part of the country's fiscal retrenchment policies between 2008 and 2016. The findings reported in this paper support Salin's (2003) model of 'Enabling, motivating, and precipitating structures', and are considered in the light of psychological contract breach in the context of New Public Management (NPM).


The coconut (Cocos nucifera) is an essential agricultural crop which delivers oil, food, beverage, fiber, medicine with range of raw materials and widely identified as "tree of life". The coconut grows all over the tropics but is fronting major challenges to its survival. It obviously demonstrates that coconut plantation has declined due to poor agricultural practices and farm management. The aim of this paper is to reveal the existing challenges and find opportunities of online 3D visualization of GIS data in coconut plantation management. In this study, the data collected from a field observation will be used as the source of primary data where coconut plantation took place. The results discovered from the coconut field observation about the techniques for coconut based farming that are traditional challenging manual cultivation practices and there is also lack of proper monitoring activities is the main challenges could be highlight for introducing new technologies. The findings from this study possibly will helps in identifying the suitable challenges and opportunities that could be highlight in implementing online 3D visualization of GIS data for coconut plantation management. It will also be adapted for advancing visualization technologies.


This study was designed to evaluate the pathological effect of 70% ethanolic crude extract of Portulaca oleracea L. in the treatment mice mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (in vivo). Pathological study was done on 4 animals groups, 200 mg/ kg B.W. subcutaneously of 70 % ethanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea injecting for tumor- bearing female mice (group II) and healthy female mice (group III) for 30 days. Tumor € bearing female mice (group I) and healthy female mice (group IV) were treated with D.W. killed Candida albicans were utilized for preparation of antigen to estimated the immune response. All groups (I-IV) were immunized at 10 and 20 days of the experiment with whole killed Candida albicans antigens subcutaneously. Histopathological sections shows hyperplasia of white pulp in the spleen with amyloid deposition, proliferation of megakaryocytes, mononuclear cells infiltration in liver and kidney parenchyma o f group II, III, compared with non treated tumor bearing female mice (group I), which shows mild hyperplasia in white pulp vacuolar degenerative in hepatocyte and kidney parenchyma.


The loss of fingers and hands severely limits career and lifestyle options for the amputee. Unfortunately, while there have been strides made in advancements of upper arm and leg prosthetics, the state of the art in prosthetic hands is lagging far behind. Options are generally limited to claw like devices that provide limited gripping capacity. The overall objective of this paper is to demonstrate a path towards a low-cost prosthetic hand with multiple articulated fingers and a thumb that rivals the human hand in terms of weight, size, dexterity, range of motion, force carrying capacity and speed. We begin with a description of the functional requirements for a human hand. When comparing requirements with actuation technologies, the fluid power approach has the potential to realize a prosthetic hand that rivals a human hand in size, strength and dexterity. We introduce a new actuation technology, mesofluidics, that focuses on miniaturization of fluid power to the meso-scale (mm to cm). As a novel demonstration of the potential for this technology, we describe a proof-of-principle mesofluidic finger that has intrinsic actuation and control (actuators and control valves within the volume of the finger). This finger weighs 63 grams, is sized to the 50th percentile male finger, has a total of 25 mechanical parts and is capable of providing 10 kg (22 lbs) of pinch force.


In order to medify the present process employed in India for the manufacture of mantle-grade thorium nitrate to produce nuclear-grade thorium compounds, experiments on a laboratory scale as well as on a semipilot scale were carried out. The present process is briefly described, and a flow sheet is included. The modification can be carried out from three different starting materials available in the present process: crude thorium hydroxide after removal of rare earths, thorium hydroxide obtained from thorium suffate, and thorium chloride solution obtained after the dissolution of thorium hydroxide. (auth)


A reflective frame of a light emitting diode for a display is provided to improve a reflection efficiency of a light emitting diode by installing a reflective mirror or a reflective panel with a multi-plane reflective plate on each of pixels. A reflective frame of a light emitting diode for a display includes a reflective frame(10) having a reflective box(12) and a multi-plane reflective plate(20). The reflective box has an opened front plane of a rectangular parallelepiped, and blocks the transmission of the light. An inner plane of the reflective box is plated. A mirror reflective plane is formed on the inner plane. A light emitting diode is installed on a bottom unit through a reflective mirror having a mirror reflective plane of a semi-spherical shape. The reflective mirror and the light emitting diode are installed on a plurality of installation holes. A plurality of holes for emitting the heat from the light emitting diode are adjacent to the installation hole. The multi-plane reflective plate is installed on an opened front plane of the reflective box so that the light of the light emitting diode is indiscriminately dispersed. The multi-plane reflective plate has a multi-plane reflective plane of a predetermined pattern on a side toward an inner side of the reflective box.


We consider the relationship between the essential norm of an operator T on a Banach space X and the essential norm of its adjoint T*. We show that these two quantities are not necessarily equal but that they are equivalent if X* has the bounded approximation property. For an operator into the sequence space Cg, we give a formula for the distance to the compact operators and show that this distance is attained. We introduce a property of a Banach space which is useful in showing that operators have closest compact approximants and investigate which Banach spaces have this property. Let A denote a Banach space, let £(A) denote the set of all operators (bounded linear transformations) on A, and let %(X) denote the set of all compact operators on X (recall that an operator is said to be compact if the image of the unit ball has compact closure). The essential norm \\T\\e of an operator Tis the distance to the compact operators: \\T]\e = inf{\\T-K\\:KE%(X)}. In §1 we show that if A is any Banach space and F G £(A), then ||F*||e = ||F**||e. We show that for many Banach spaces one has ||F||e = ||F*||e, but we also give an example where || T\\e = 1 and || T*\\e = -. We prove that if A"* has the metric approximation property then ||F*||e > 5||F||e for all T E £(A") (see Theorem 3). We have recently been informed that A. M. Davie has proved that dist(F*, <5(X*)) > }dist(F, 3/A")) for any Banach space A, where <5(X) denotes the finite rank operators on X. In Proposition 4 we consider operators from an arbitrary Banach space into the sequence space c0. We give a formula for the distance of such an operator from the compact operators. Furthermore we show that this distance is always attained. In §2 we introduce a property of a Banach space which is useful in showing that operators have closest compact approximants. We investigate which Banach spaces have this property and we discuss the relationship to A/-ideals. The strong operator topology (SOT) will be useful in both sections of the paper. Recall that a net {Ta} c £(A") is said to converge to F G £(A") in the strong operator topology (written Ta-*T (SOT)) if ||Fax Fx|| ->0 for each vector x G A. We wish to thank M. Feder, W. B. Johnson and H. P. Rosenthal for helpful discussions. Received by the editors June 18, 1979 and, in revised form, December 27, 1979. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 41A35, 41A50, 41A65, 47A05, 47B05. 'The work of the first and third authors was partially spported by the National Science Foundation. © 1980 American Mathematical Society 0002-9 947/80/0000-0408/$03.2 5 159 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use 160 SHELDON AXLER, NICHOLAS JEWELL AND ALLEN SHIELDS I. The essential norm of an adjoint operator. For F G £(A") we have ||F|| = || T*\\. Since an operator is compact if and only if its adjoint is compact, it is easy to see that In this section we study the relationship between || F||£ and || T*\\e. We regard A as being a subspace of A** under the canonical embedding. If X is reflexive, then ||F||e = ||F*||e, as is seen by applying (1) to F*. More generally, suppose there is a projection P of norm one of A** onto A". If F G £(A) and K E %(X**), then \\T** K\\>\\P(T** K)\X\\=\\T(P/qA-)||>||F||e and therefore || F**||£ > ||F||e, which by (1) implies that ||F||e = ||F*||e. It is well known (and easy to see) that if Y is any Banach space, then there is a projection of norm one of Y*** onto Y. Thus the above comments imply that if A is the dual of some Banach space, then || F||e = || F*||e for every F G £(A"). If u is a positive a-finite measure, then there is a norm-one projection of Lx(u)** onto Lx(u) [4, Chapter III, Theorem 8, pp. 163-164]. Thus ||F||e = ||F*||e for every F G t(Lx(u)). These results might lead one to believe that ||F||e always equals || F*||e; however we now give a counterexample. Example 1. There exists a Banach space X and an operator F G £(A) such that \\T\\e*\\T*\\e. Let A = /' © c0 with the norm ||(x,.y)ll = IWIi + II.VILThus A"* = /°° © /' with norm \\(a, b)\\ = max(\\a\\x, \\b\\x). Define T E £(A) by T(x,y) = (0, x). Then ||F|| = 1 and T* E £(A*) is given by T*(a, b) = (b, 0). We now show that ||F||e = 1. Let en denote the vector that is zero except for a one in the «th place. Let K be any compact operator on A. Then ||r Xj|-|r* K*\\ > \\(T* K*)(0, OH > \\(en, 0)11 -||**(0, en)\\. (2) Since (0, en) -» (0, 0) weak-* in A"* and K* is weak-* continuous, K*(0, en) —> (0, 0) weak-* in A*. Since K* is compact this implies that ||Ä"*(0, en)\\ —>0. Thus (2) shows that || F||e > 1, as asserted. We now show that ||F*||e < \. Let d = (1, 1, 1, . . . ) G l°°. Define / G £(A"*) by L(a,b) = ^(^bn)d,0J. Since L has a one-dimensional range, it is compact. Also T*-L)(a, ¿)||=||(é-^(2Mrf'°) = j IK6i b2 hi-» bt + *i h *4


British indirect rule in colonial Belize entailed the designation of alcaldes (headmen) in indigenous villages. Although the alcalde system was based on Spanish-Maya precedents, during the nineteenth century it was introduced to Gari- funa (Black Carib) communities as well. Ethnohistorical evidence indicates that Garifuna alcaldes became consensual leaders who attained considerable legitimacy and that the Garifuna modified the alcalde system to accord with indigenous ante- cedents. With the replacement of alcaldes by elected village councils in the I96os, consensual leadership was supplanted by partisan politics.


PURPOSE: A feeding trolley is provided to cope with mass production of various vehicle kinds by differently adjusting the width and distance between attachments according to the vehicle kind. CONSTITUTION: A feeding trolley constitutes plural attachments on a trolley frame(1) to feed vehicle bodies. The feeding trolley comprises front right and left attachment blocks(7,9) installed to the front right and left sides of the trolley frame in a state capable of moving in the transverse direction via guide rails(3,5); front attachment width-varying units varying the width between the front right and left attachment blocks by transmitting the rotational force of a first drive motor(15) to front screw bars(13) connected to the front right and left attachment blocks via screw nuts; auxiliary frames(29) installed to the right and left sides in the rear of the trolley frame; an auxiliary frame-moving unit moving the auxiliary frame in the front and rear direction by transmitting the rotational force of a second drive motor(37) to right and left screw bars(33,35) connected to the lower parts of the sides of the auxiliary frame via screw nuts; rear right and left attachment blocks(55,57) installed to the right and left sides of the auxiliary frames in a state capable of moving in the transverse direction via guide rails(51,53); and a rear attachment width-varying unit varying the width between the rear right and left attachment blocks by transmitting the rotational force of a third drive motor(63) to rear screw bars(61) connected to the rear right and left attachment blocks via screw nuts. Attachments(10) for supporting the lower part of a vehicle body are formed to the front right and left attachment blocks.


An enhanced photodamaging ability towards CT-DNA was achieved in a tyrosine-modified hypocrellin B by improving the affinity of the sensitizer to DNA.


The relation between creativity and mental illness has been the object of significant interest and research in psychiatry. However, both psychopathology and creativity are issues of profound complexity, some aspects of which are yet to be explored. This study was designed to explore changes in creativity in relation to the type and degree of psychopathology in 2 groups of patients. Forty-four patients, consisting of 20 patients with manic depressive illness (bipolar disorder) and 24 patients suffering from other psychopathologies, participated in this study. There were 23 women (M age = 43.6) and 21 men (M age = 43.7). We applied a psychological battery of tests using measures for creativity, intelligence, and mood changes. All patients signed the informed consent form. The results are as follows: There was no difference in the creative abilities of patients with bipolar illness (creativity score: M = 104.4, SD = 44.9) as compared to those with other types of psychopathology (creativity score: M = 101.8, SD = 40.8). The study data were analyzed according to the degree of severity of illness, namely, mildly, moderately, or severely ill. Creativity was found to be at its highest level in patients who were moderately ill (creativity score: M = 118.3). The lowest creativity score (M = 62.1) was in the group of patients identified as severely ill. The difference was statistically significant (t = 4.35, p < .001).


An experimental investigation of influence of various inhibitors (CF3H, C2FsH, C3F7H, C3F6H2, CF2ClH, C2FsCl, C2FsI, C4Fg, C4FIO, C2F4Brz, Inh AI) on combustion characteristics of hydrogen air and methane air mixtures in closed vessel has been carried out. Flammability limits, maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate have been determined. An effect of chemical induction has been revealed, when combustion of lean hydrogen air and methane air mixtures promotes oxidation of fluorinated halons with an appropriate elevation of maximum explosion pressure and maximum pressure rise rate. It has been found, that inhibitor Inh AI, proposed by Institute of Structural Macrokinetics of Russian Acdemy of Sciences, influences on upper flammability limit of hydrogen in air more strong in comparison with diluents investigated in this work (except C2FsI). This phenomenon allows to concider Inh AI as a perspective substitution of halons for explosion prevention of hydrogen air mixtures.


Space-based optical systems that perform tasks such as laser communications, Earth imaging, and astronomical observations require precise line-of-sight (LOS) pointing. A general approach is described for integrated modeling and analysis of these types of systems within the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The approach can be applied during all stages of program development, from early conceptual design studies to hardware implementation phases. The main objective is to predict the dynamic pointing performance subject to anticipated disturbances and noise sources. Secondary objectives include assessing the control stability, levying subsystem requirements, supporting pointing error budgets, and performing trade studies. The integrated model resides in Simulink, and several MATLAB graphical user interfaces (GUI's) allow the user to configure the model, select analysis options, run analyses, and process the results. A convenient parameter naming and storage scheme, as well as model conditioning and reduction tools and run-time enhancements, are incorporated into the framework. This enables the proposed architecture to accommodate models of realistic complexity.


To help students connect a dynamic change of state with its representation on an equilibrium phase diagram, six interactive two-component phase diagrams have been created using Excel spreadsheets.


Micro-grid has been applied widely in developed country considering its low environmental cost, high reliability, low infrastructure cost and low land occupation requirement. This essay compares the micro-grid with centered grid, in terms of its environmental cost, by utilizing eco-economics concepts and establish basic mathematical model for distributed generators, based on result of which reflection and outlook has been proposed.


Diabetes distress is positively associated with HbA1c and may mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and HbA1c. This study examined these relationships in a geographically, socioeconomically, and ethnically diverse sample of adults with type 2 diabetes.


The study revealed that an acceleration of the drying process can lead to considerable chranges in the structure and properties of hard and soft gelatin capsule shells. These changes are irreparable and may cause extreme brittleness if the dried shell hras a glass transition temperature above room temperature as in the case of hard gelatin capsules, thus leading to problems during transport, filling and/or subsequent usage. With soft gelatin capsules these changes are at least partly reparable. This is due to the fact that the concentration of the plasticizer(s) in the capsule shells is usually high enough to decrease their glass transition temperature below room temperature. Nevertheless, even with soft gelatin capsules, the drying process should not be accelerated without checking their thermal and mechanical properties, in particular, if they are plasticized with Karion 83/70


Wireless technologies have evolved rapidly in recent decades. It is an efficient alternative to transmit information, whether data, voice, video and other network services. Knowledge of the propagation process of this information in different environments is a factor of great importance for the planning and development of wireless communications systems. Because of the rapid progress and popularization of these networks, the services offered become more complex and therefore need requirements for qualities that are offered to the end user in a satisfactory manner. Because of this, it is necessary to designers of these systems, a methodology that provides a better assessment of the indoor environment. This assessment is made by analyzing the coverage area and the behavior of the metrics of multimedia services anywhere in the environment that is receiving the service. The work in this study intends to evaluate a methodology for the prediction of quality metrics experience. For this, measurements of video streaming campaigns were conducted in a wireless network and network parameters (packet/frames jitter and packet/frames loss) and some quality parameters of experience (PSNR, VQM and SSIM) were evaluated. The results showed good agreement with literature data and with measurements.


The after-war Kosovo society was characterized by an increasing number of suicides. The aims of the study were the identification, appraisal, selection, and synthesis of studies on suicide in Kosovo. A classical theoretical approach has been used to analyze studies in known databases as well as dissertations and presentations at national conferences. Fifteen studies that met our selection criteria were analyzed. These studies were psychiatric/psychological, forensic, sociological, epidemiological, and legal type. We have not found any study of qualitative, physiological, or anthropological character. None of these studies noticed the focus on specific cultural elements. The investigation of social elements did not provide valuable data. Most of the studies focused on adolescents. Neither research has convinced us for it comprehensible view of suicide phenomenon. Only two studies analyzed predictors of suicide. Identification of the protective/risk factors is difficult because the reviewed studies have many methodological shortcomings. Although the studies analyzed include many valuable data of epidemiological nature, they do not allow us to develop a model for suicide.


Summary Data are presented showing that insulin induces the appearance of a 'fermentable non-reducing substance' in substantial quantity in the plasma of eviscerated and normal rabbits after 8 hours of constant injection of C14-labeled glucose.


The present invention relates to an assembly (1) comprising: - a heat engine (3), - a generator (4) whose shaft is driven in rotation by the engine, and - one or more electric motors (8, 9) , in particular an air conditioning system or refrigeration vehicle, the generator supplying the electric motors or through at least one inverter (5).


In wind conversion system, Doubly Fed Induction Generator is widely used. The main objective of the control of the wind system in partial load power production is to require the maximum efficiency power flow transfer to the grid. Vector control strategy is well used to achieve this purpose where the conventional control design employs PI regulators for the adjusting of the currents loops. However these regulators are sensitive to parameters variations that results the degradation in the performance of the controlling system. This paper deals with an alternative controller for the DFIG generator based on internal model control strategy which the controller selected is an approximate inverse of the model. The design control was done with 5MW NREL DFIG using SimWindFarm toolbox Matlab/Simulink and compared with the classical proportional integral control to discuss the performance in terms of tracking references and sensitivity to parameters variations.


The Salmonella group contains the organisms which are mainly responsible for outbreaks of food poisoning and the possibility of the production by these strains of bodies which are toxic, or which act as gastro-intestinal irritants, when administered by the oral route, is of practical as well as theoretical interest. This is especially the case if it can be shown that these irritant substances are heat resistant.


With self-design and self-manufactured instruments and Shimadzu AG-25TA universal testing machine,the contact characteristics of new lorry tire is researched experimentally in the paper.It is confirmed that the area and the shape of printer of new lorry tire contact with surface of road are influenced by the type of pavements.It has more area when lorry tires contact with flexible pavements than with rigid pavements under same vehicle load.The area should be calculated with different equations when tire driven on different type pavements.At the same time,by deal with the experimental results,the equations of the area and the way which to numerate the shape of tire's printer are given by the paper too.


Life Expectancy in Patients With Chronic HCV Infection and Cirrhosis Compared With a General Population Almost 3 million people in the United States are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV).1 The life expectancy of patients with chronic HCV infection is reduced compared with the general population, largely attributable to the development of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma.2 We3 and others have shown that the hazard of all-cause mortality is lower among patients with chronic HCV infection and advanced hepatic fibrosis if sustained virological response (SVR) is attained, but comparisons have been limited to those without SVR.3 To further investigate the advantage of attaining SVR, we compared overall survival of patients with chronic HCV infection and bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis before therapy (with and without SVR) with that of the general population.


As Huang and Chen (2016) observed, the number of students in the United States whose primary language is not English continues to rise each year. These culturally and linguistically diverse student...


In the present work, tungsten carbide (WC) particulate of average size 10 µm were electrocodeposited in the nickel metal matrix, to form metal matrix composite (MMC) coating over the EN8 steel substrate. The electrodeposition of Ni–WC particulate composite coating was carried out using the Watt's bath under the influence of varying current density and duty cycle. It was found that current density of 0.02 A/cm2 was sufficient to start the codeposition kinetics. But, good quality of electrodeposition was obtained at a current density of 0.04 A/cm2. The WC particulate entrapment and distribution of WC particles in Ni matrix according the variation in experimental parameters has been reported. The dense and compact microstructure was obtained at a current density of 0.04 A/cm2 and duty cycle of 30%. Microhardness and corrosion resistance properties of composite coating were also evaluated and reported.


Microorganisms were isolated and purified from the fresh fruit of Changbai Mountain. The yeasts strains of degradable organic acids were screened and obtained. The acid reducing characteristics and tolerance were studied, and the biological identification was carried out. The results showed that five strains with acid reducing effect were selected from the fruits of Lonicera edulis. The acid reducing rates of B5 for malic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid were 42.60%±0.85%, 18.28%±0.80% and 13.09%±0.61% respectively. The strain B5 was identified as zygosasaccharomyces bisporus by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical tests and 26S rDNA identification. The tolerant to glucose and SO2 concentrations of 250 g/L and 400 mg/L and alcohol tolerance of 18% vol, respectively. The results of this experiment can provide a reference for the biological deacidification of fruit wine products.


A generalization of the single reference Coupled Cluster parameterization for the ground state wave function is proposed that includes substitution operators that annihilate the reference determinant, but which act nontrivially on the correlated part of the wave function. It is shown that an inclusion of such two-body operators can mimic the effect of conventional connected triple and higher excitation operators. Results obtained with Brueckner based Generalized Coupled Cluster Doubles theory (BGCCD-version x) are found to be comparable in accuracy to CCSD(T) and CCSDT for a number of difficult test cases. In the current version of the BGCCD approach we obtain correlated ionization potentials and electron affinities as a by-product of a ground state calculation. This multistate nature of the BGCCD-X approach can give rise to problems with intruder states similar as in Fock Space Coupled Cluster theory.


RESUMO The Triple Helix model is a model of development that is based on the involvement of three spheres Academia, Industry and State Organizations that cooperate and interact to consolidate economic development based on knowledge and innovation. The application of the model to the agricultural sector is still little rooted. The main goal of the project "+peach Innovation and development in the peach tree culture in the region of Beira Interior", is to contribute to increase the global value of the activity through the performance of various cultural techniques and enhancement of its product the peach, This project develops in a structure and organization of the Triple Helix model, in which the sphere of industry is occupied by fruit growers and Producer Organizations. The most relevant aspects of this regional-based initiative is the contribution to the creation of a knowledge network, the complementarity of the tasks carried out by the actors and the planning of future actions in a bottom-up perspective. It is highlighted as a very positive feature, the dynamic work from space zone of intersection of the different spheres whose synergy enhanced innovation and pro-active and collaborative work. The maintenance or strength of it is now dependent on governmental Sphere and closely associated to time needed to make decisions.


An airbag inflator that includes a pyrotechnic material capable of producing a quantity of gas during deployment. The inflator also includes a filter. The filter may be an expanded metal filter that is wrapped about the pyrotechnic material. When this filter is wrapped about the pyrotechnic material, the filter forms a plurality of layers having holes that are a different size. This filter also includes a first set of barriers and a second set of barriers that are positioned exterior of the first set of barriers, the second set of barriers being offset from the first set of barriers. Gas passing through the filter will encounter the first set of barriers, be re-directed, encounter the second set of barriers, be re-directed, and then flow out of the filter.


The legal dispute in question occurred in 1943 in a small village in Eastern Gansu Province. The cause of the dispute can be traced back to 1928, when a farmer in Huachi County, Feng Yangui, betrothed his four- sui -old daughter, Peng'er, to Zhang Bo, the five- sui -old son of Zhang Jincai, another farmer in a neighboring village. The Zhang family then paid ten silver yuan as a betrothal gift. In 1942, when Peng'er reached the legally marriageable age of eighteen years old, Zhang Jincai asked for a formal wedding to marry the young couple. However, Feng Yangui ignored this request and showed no intent to fulfill the engagement agreement. Zhang Jincai then brought Feng to the Huachi County government, suing him for attempting to annul a marriage contract. The county government tried to mediate the dispute but failed because, according to the record, Peng'er herself "strongly objected to the engagement" ( jianjue bu yuanyi 坚决不愿意). The county government workers had no choice but to invalidate the engagement under the principle of freedom of marriage (see Figure 1.1). After abolishing this engagement, Feng Yangui attempted to betroth his daughter to a son of another Zhang family for 2,400 Republican yuan ( fabi 法币) plus 48 silver yuan as a betrothal gift. However, this move was detected by Zhang Jincai, who had been closely monitoring his former daughter-in-law-to-be even though the government had already annulled the engagement. Zhang Jincai reported Feng to the government for "selling a marriage" ( mai mai hunyin 买卖婚姻), a violation of the 1939 SGN marriage regulation; it was therefore invalidated by the Huachi County government. In 1943, Peng'er's father received another offer from Zhu Shouchang (朱寿昌), who promised Feng 8,000 yuan fabi plus four bolts of machine-made fabric and 20 silver yuan in exchange for his daughter. On March 10, 1943, Zhu Shouchang came to Feng's home for the engagement ceremony. Zhu delivered 7,000 yuan fabi , four bolts of thick blue machine-made fabric, probably valued at 1,120,000 yuan fabi , and about three pounds of cotton. The marriage contract was thus settled. On the thirteenth day of the second month in the lunar calendar, Peng'er followed her mother to a local event in a neighboring village where she ran into her former fiance, Zhang Bo, a handsome young man.


AbstractThe effect of similar atomic percent additions of tungsten and molybdenum on the tempering behaviour of high-purity ternary and commercially based medium-carbon steels has been examined. A high-purity steel containing 5.6 wh%Mo (3.3 at.-%) showed substantially higher secondary hardening than an alloy with 9.9 wt-%W (3.2 at.-%). Marked differences in hardness were not observed when additions of 3 wt-%Cr and 0.3 wt-%V, frequently found in die steels, were present. Reasons for this behaviour are discussed.On tempering the ternary steels the alloy carbide precipitation sequence was M2C → M6C and the close association of M2C and M6C in some regions of the steel containing molybdenum suggested that an in situ transformation might be occurring. In the commercially based steels the presence of chromium led additionally to the formation of relatively small amounts of M23C6 during the early stages of tempering. Analytical electron microscopy has been used to examine the composition of the M2C and M6C carbid...


This study explores the effects of the mesoscale descent associated with a convective burst during the genesis of typhoon Hagupit (2008), based on a high‐resolution cloud‐resolving numerical simulation. The simulation result captures the synoptic‐scale circulation surrounding the pre‐Hagupit depression and the evolution of the storm. A burst of intense deep convection occurs about 1 day before the genesis of Hagupit. After the convective burst, temperature deviation near the center of the depression increases in the lower troposphere. This warming contributes to a drop in the central pressure of the depression and hence to the beginning of the so‐called system‐scale intensification. In addition, the low‐level warming tends to inhibit vertical motion by acting as a lid. Horizontal flow is therefore dominant in the boundary layer; thereby, the air can efficiently gain energy from the sea surface. Increased energy in the boundary layer air feeds intense deep convection near the center of the depression just before the genesis time. These results are consistent with a previous observational study. Tangential momentum budget analysis demonstrates that, just before the genesis time, actual tendency of tangential velocity has larger values throughout the depth of the troposphere, indicating the importance of the deep‐layer spin‐up of the depression. These large values are attributed to the upward transport of tangential momentum by intense deep convection. In contrast, when the convective burst occurs about 1 day before the genesis time, positive actual tendency is confined to the lower troposphere because of smaller upward transport of tangential momentum.


Wood identification can be done by image recognition or classification. The main idea is that the proposed model is independent in terms of number of input features and / or images. We use a texture analysis and convolutional neural network. The number of source classes depend on the selection and availability of a sufficient (and equal) number of representative samples for each class used in the training phase. We build a model, which perform a reliable classification of tree types of species: Tropical, Diffuse Porous and Ring Porous, obtaining 89.94% accuracy.


This paper examines the Schumpeterian creative destruction process by decomposing and analysing aggregate industry-level productivity growth in three Turkish manufacturing industries. The results are somewhat supportive of the Schumpeterian hypothesis given that the productivity effects within plants contributed the most to the aggregate level productivity growth. However, the results generally contradict the insight that plants entering the market have higher productivity than plants that exit the market. This supports Caballero and Hammour's (NBER Working Paper No. 7720, 2000) arguments that institutional and market constraints may interfere with the proper functioning of Schumpeter's creative destruction process.


This Oyster mushrooms, as one of the horticultural commodities, are widely cultivated in Sukoharjo Regency. These oyster mushroom farmers are attached to the mushroom cluster, which is decreasing yearly due to low bargaining ability in determining the price of production products because traders set the selling price. The purpose of this study is to determine the cost, receipt, profit and efficiency of oyster mushroom farming; assess the pattern of marketing channels used, marketing costs, marketing profits, marketing margins, and farmer's share so that the efficiency of oyster mushroom marketing in Sukoharjo Regency can be known. The research method used is descriptive, carried out in Sukoharjo Regency using the purposive method. The number of samples is determined by the census method and the snowball method. The results showed that the oyster mushroom farming business has been going on efficiently. There are five marketing channels in Sukoharjo Regency. The lowest marketing margins are found in channel V, namely: farmers → end consumers, while the highest margins are found in channel II, namely: farmers → collector traders → retailers → end consumers. The resulting farmer's share value shows that marketing is already taking place efficiently, with the farmer's share value on all five channels ≥ 60%.


Sulfur is considered to be the forth important nutrient element,and its transformation greatly affects the growth of plants.In this paper,sulfur speciation in different soils is researched.Effects of long-term fertilization in different combinations were studied by sulfur K-edge XANES of the soil samples,and the proportions of S at different oxidation states were determined by fitting the sulfur K-edge XANES spectra.The results indicate that the soil samples contained all kinds of sulfur states,i.e.the most reduced S,intermediate S and highly oxidized S,with the highly oxidized S being the largest proportion.The contents of total sulfur are different in soils in different long-term fertilizer experiment,and both the rates and contents of different oxidation states change.


The degree elevation formulae for Bezier curves and surfaces are generalized to interval Bezier curves and surfaces.It is proved that the union of interval control points converges to the original interval Bezier curves as the degree is elevated incessantly.So do the interval Bezier surfaces.These formulae enable us to convert an interval Bezier curve or surface of lower degree to a higher one which has more flexibility in controlling its shape.Also they provide us an efficient geometric mothod to generate an interval Bezier curve or surface.


Traits like plant height and response to photoperiod are involved in controlling many quality characteristics that breeders look into the desired genotype. Today, climatic changes in traditional wheat growing regions cause day temperature rising and water supply shortening. Exploitation of various semi-dwarfing (Rht) and photoperiod response (Ppd) genes could help the implementation of wheat breeding programs, especially selection of stabile and stress adaptable varieties targeted for different environments. Microsatellite gwm261 is located on Xgwm261 locus, and it is 0.6 cM distant from Rht8 gene on 2DS chromosome, which can also include Ppd1 gen for insensitivity to photoperiod. PCR screening of Croatian and foreign wheat varieties showed prevalence of 192 bp allele at Xgwm261 locus and photoperiod insensitive allele (Ppd-D1a). The results of this research could be useful for more accurate characterization and selection of Croatian wheat cultivars and foreign ones aiming to cross and create new adaptable varieties.


How does Plotinus interpret the chora in Plato's Timaeus ? For him, Timaeus 48e‑52d deals with matter (hyle). The identification of chora with hyle goes back to Aristotle's Physics IV.2. Aristotle's interpretation of Plato's chora as matter was echoed by Theophrastus and the Stoics and prevailed in Middle‑Platonist, neo‑Pythagorean and early Christian authors. In addition to the identification of chora with hyle, the ancient interpreters of the Timaeus conflated hyle with Plato's ananke (Tim. 47e‑48a). Plato himself distinguishes between chora and ananke. The latter denotes everything that appears in the "receptacle" prior to the ordering of the world by the demiurge, while chora is another name for the receptacle itself. In Plato, the receptacle accounts for the fact both that there are transient images of intelligible beings and that these images appear to occupy a place, i.e. that they are spatially extended. This is why the receptacle is given its alternative name "ground" (chora) and why it is also called "place" (topos) and "seat" (hedra). Although the receptacle itself cannot be spatially extended in the same way as that which appears "in it", it is the cause of spatial extension. For Plotinus, two characteristics of matter are of primary importance : lack of size and impassibility. In the treatise II .4.[12].2‑5, he highlights the former, and in III .6[26].7‑19 he elaborates on the latter, while commenting once again on the former. In III .6[26].7‑19, he argues that this conception of matter is in line with how Plato conceives of it in the Timaeus. The "receptacle" cannot be acted upon (paschein) nor can it possess any size (megethos). Only the images of true beings "in" it can. In doing so, however, they make matter appear to "stretch out" alongside themselves. But this is not actually the case, because matter itself has no extension. On one point, however, Plotinus' account differs from Plato's. According to Plotinus, not only does matter not possess size, but it is not the cause of size either. The size of the appearances derives from the formulas (logoi) of which these appearances are images. Each formula encompasses within itself the measure of the size that its image will assume : the formula of horse encompasses the size of a particular horse, the formula of human being the size of a particular human being. Plotinus describes in more detail how a formula, in unfolding out of the soul, "stretches out", thus acquiring size. He also makes a comparison between this process and the way in which formulas in the human soul display images of themselves in our image‑making faculty. He characterises this process as a motion starting from the formula and resulting in its "division" (merismos). This is what makes the image of the formula extended, i.e. divided partes extra partes, when it appears against the invisible background of matter. Since matter neither possesses size nor is the cause of it, it can be called "ground" (chora), "place" (topos) or "seat" (hedra) only in an improper way.


Southern California Gas Company--which buys landfill gas from Reserve Synthetic Fuels, Inc. (formerly NRG Nu Fuel Co.)--discusses the qualifications required for a sanitary landfill to be a successful gas producer. The primary requirements involve the proximity of a gas pipeline or distribution company, the area's climate, age of the landfill, and the types of materials and their quantities in the landfill. Preliminary contracts with the landfill operators and the gas utility stipulate that there will be no cost or risk to the landowner and no interference with the present or future surface use of the area, the royalties will be a percentage of gross sales, and the surface equipment will be removed when operations end. Details of RSF's operation at Rolling Hills Estate, California, illustrate the production capacity and collection system of a successful gas-producing landfill.


This study was carried out to determine the surface of the papillae in the dorsal and lateral parts of the tongue surface and the features in the non-papillary parts of Turkish Grey. In the study, 7 male Turkish Grey tongues were used. Materials obtained from the apex, corpus and radix lingua of the upper (dorsal) side of the tongue were taken for scanning electron microscopic examinations. The routine procedure was applied for scanning electron micro- scopic images.In the study, the presence of large ruminant tongue papillae, papilla filiformis, papilla fungiformis, papilla conica, papilla lentiformis and papilla vallata, was observed. It was determined that the root part of Papilla filiformes had a depression in the form of a ditch. It was observed that the papilla filiformis at the tip of the tongue had very few secondary papillae. Papilla filiformis in the corpus lingua was found to have 2-4 secondary papillae.On the surface of the papilla fungiformis, cell borders were seen at 2000 magnification, taste pores were detected, and the microridge structure was clearly detected at 10000 magnification. A weak annular pad was seen in the papilla vallata. Cell borders were seen at 2500 magnification on surface images. Taste pores were detected at 5000 magnification. In this study, the tongue papillae of Turkish gray, which is very few in Turkey and resistant to harsh conditions, were examined, and it was aimed to contribute and own the missing literature about tongue papillae.


The quality of the pharmaceutical film-forming material (Metolose) is crucial during the tablet-coating process. The aim of this study was to establish a connection between the concentration of the plasticizer (poly-ethylene-glycol, PEG) in the cast film and the free volume. We studied the o-Ps lifetime in a series of Metolose-PEG systems as a function of PEG concentration in the widest available range. The samples were thin films cast from a dispersion of Metolose in aqueous solution of PEG. The found concentration dependence of the free volume in the Metolose-PEG systems is compared with other physical-chemical properties of the samples.


The objective of this study was to determine the effects of neighborhood and individual change on the personal outcomes of recent movers to Canadian government-subsidized senior citizen apartment buildings (SCAs). The authors' sample included 137 recent movers to 25 SCA projects in Winnipeg, Manitoba, who participated in a longitudinal survey. The analysis involved testing four logistic and ordinary least squares regression models, with personal state outcomes of the moves (self-rated health, morale, depression, self-esteem) treated as dependent variables. Although the overall performance of the models was moderate, the entry of a block of independent change variables into the regression equations consistently registered statistically significant increases in their explanatory power . Significant predictors of the outcomes included changes in personal resources, everyday travel, and resident appraisals of service, social, and physical components of neighborhood content. The findings suggested that the older person's subjective interpretations of a new residential setting assumed more importance in producing outcomes than objective measures of that settings.


In this paper, a novel approach for the post nonlinear mixture blind source separation (PNL BSS) is introduced. The new approach exploits the difference between a linear and nonlinear mixture from their nature of distributions in a multi-dimensional space. The nonlinear mixture is represented by a curved surface while the linear mixture is represented by a plane. A geometric-based algorithm named as geometric post nonlinear independent component analysis (gpnlCA) is developed. This two-stage algorithm geometrically transforms the curved surface of the nonlinear mixture to a plane, i.e., a linear mixture, and then applies a normal linear ICA to extract the unknown signals. Experiments were carried out to illustrate the algorithm performance


The negative-ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectra of the heptafluorobutyryl (HFB) and pentafluorobenzoyl (PFBz) derivatives of several amphetamines and N-substituted amphetamines were obtained. The HFB derivatives of amphetamine and its ring-substituted congeners were each found to undergo predominant loss of one molecule of hydrogen fluoride, while the corresponding PFBz derivatives each underwent sequential loss of two molecules of hydrogen fluoride followed by the loss of either a methyl or an aryl group. The HFB derivatives of the N-substituted amphetamines were found to undergo sequential loss of four molecules of hydrogen fluoride while the corresponding PFBz derivatives produced high-abundance molecular ions. NICI mass spectra of deuterium-labelled amphetamine derivatives were obtained and the order of hydrogen elimination was studied. These findings explain previous observations of hydrogen fluoride loss by the amphetamine derivatives and define potential applications of NICI mass spectrometry to the analysis of these compounds.


The investigation was undertaken on 716 bitches brought to the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, NTRCVSc, Gannavaram for various ailments to study incidence of canine pyometra and influence of some factors on the incidence of pyometra.


Gottlieb, R., and S. Joshi. 2010. Food justice. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Holt-Giménez, E., ed. 2011. Food movements unite! Strategies to transform our food systems. Oakland, CA: Food First Books. Holt-Giménez, E. and A. Shattuck. 2011. Food crises, food regimes and food movements: rumblings of reform or tides of transformation? Journal of Peasant Studies, 38(1), 109–44. Koc, M. 2011. Hyphenated alternatives: discourses of food security. Paper presented at the Joint Annual Meetings of the Agriculture Food and Human Values Society, Association for the Study of Food and Society and Society for Anthropology of Food and Nutrition. The University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA. Levkoe, C. 2011. Towards a transformative food politics. Local Environment, 16(7), 687–705. McMichael, M. 2006. Reframing development: global peasant movements and the new agrarian question. Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 27(4), 471–83. Patel, R., guest ed. 2009. What does food sovereignty look like? Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(3), 663–73. PFP (Peoples Food Policy). 2011. Resetting the table: a people's food policy for Canada. Available from: http://peoplesfoodpolicy.ca [Accessed 23 September 2012]. Pimbert, M. 2009. Towards food sovereignty: reclaiming autonomous food systems. London: International Institute for Environment and Development. Windfuhr, M. and J. Jonsén. 2005. Food sovereignty: towards democracy in localized food systems. Warwickshire, UK: FIAN-International, ITDG Publishing. Wittman, H., A.A. Desmarais and N. Wiebe. 2010. Food sovereignty: reconnecting food nature and community. Halifax, NS: Fernwood Publishing.


In order to do well in agricultural extension work,applied advanced science and technology in the practice of agricultural production as soon as possible,and strengthen the construction of service network,the reform of agricultural technology extension system was launched with the main content of "optimize the county level,strengthen regional,cancel the township at the county level,perfect villages" in Suiling county.It established 4 long-term positive operation mechanisms,which were strengthening protection mechanisms,implemented the leadership funds support mechanisms,carried out incentive mechanism of policy and established regulatory mechanism.They provided a strong guarantee for agricultural economic development,landscape improvements and farmers ' income increasing in rural areas.


This paper discusses a position compensation method for an outdoor robot vehicle with a dead-reckoning system by using laser and corner cube reflector. In this system two corner cubes are set on both sides of a commanded path of the vehicle, and four laser transceiver units are mounted on the vehicle. The moving distances of the vehicle are measured successively when each laser emitted from the laser transceiver unit hits the corner cube. The accurate position and heading of the vehicle are determined by the triangulation principle based on the above measuring data, and are applied to correct the error accumulated by a dead-reckoning system. The results using our proto-type experimental system and the simulation results are shown with some discussions about the feasibility of real system using this method.


Abstract Background: Nocardia infection is a rare but well-recognized side effect of immunosuppressive therapy including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antagonists. However, Nocardia colitis has only been previously reported once in the English literature. Case Report: We present a 58-y-old female with history of Crohn disease maintained on multiple medications including infliximab (a TNF-α antagonist). The patient presented to the emergency department with hematochezia and abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed extensive pneumotosis throughout the bowel as well as mesenteric and portal venous gas. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy that revealed bowel edema without ischemia. No bowel was resected and at a planned second-look laparotomy 48 h later, the bowel appeared normal and the abdomen was closed. Post-operatively, the patient tested negative for Clostridium difficile infection. The blood and abdominal fluid cultures were positive for Nocardia farcinica. Conclusion: The patient h...


Author(s): Tran, Nu-Anh | Advisor(s): Zinoman, Peter | Abstract: This dissertation presents the first full-length study of anticommunist nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, 1954-1975, or South Vietnam). Specifically, it focuses on state nationalism during the rule of Ngo Dinh Diem (1954-1963). Conventional research depicts the Vietnam War (1954-1975) as a conflict between foreign intervention and indigenous nationalism, but this interpretation conflates Vietnamese communism with Vietnamese nationalism and dismisses the possibility of nationalism in the southern Republic. Using archival and published sources from the RVN, this study demonstrates that the southern regime possessed a dynamic nationalist culture and argues that the war was part of a much longer struggle between communist and anticommunist nationalists. To emphasize the plural and factional character of nationalism in partitioned Vietnam, the study proposes the concept of contested nationalism as an alternative framework for understanding the war.


For the new type of graphite composite grounding material, there is a lack of generally accepted rules and standards. In this paper, the impact properties of a new type of graphite composite earthing material are studied. The test results show that the new type of composite grounding device always has spark discharge effect. With the increase of impulse current amplitude, the value of impulse coefficient decreases, and the rate of decrease decreases. Increasing the amplitude of the shock current may only increase the electric field strength in the region, but not increase the spark discharge range in the soil, so the shock coefficient tends to be flat. The test results can provide guidance for the selection and application of new grounding materials.


The review of 21 cases of mixed tumor of the palate showed that the prognosis, after surgical treatment, is much better than in mixed tumors of the parotid gland. No recurrence was seen in 20 cases, although histologically they often showed great cellularity and pseudo-cylindromatous or muco-epidermoid areas. In the only case which evolved unfavourably, invasive tendency toward the mucous membrane and cylindromatous areas were found.


Sixteen novel Schiff's bases have been synthesised in high yields from 4-amino-3-(3-hydroxybutyl)-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-5-thione. All the newly synthesised compounds have been characterised by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Plant growth-regulating activity tests showed that most compounds have remarkable effects on the growth of wheat and radish at a mass concentration of 50μg mL−1.


The problems of noise and echo-sound inside or outside the room are increasing recently. The solutions of these problems are indispensable in order to keep our comfortable life. In this paper, we have hied to control the sound at the exit of a pipe using H2control theory. And, the pipe controlled by Hicontrol theory and the muffler not controlled are compared. As a result, we have confirmed the effect better than the muffler when using the pipe by Hi control. Keyword: muffler, sound control, Hz control


Objective: To explore the effect of vitamin D supplement on insulin resistance of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM). Methods: Fifty-six pregnant women with GDM were randomly divided into diet control combined with vitamin D group( combination group)( 26 women) and diet control group( 30 women); the pregnant women in combination group were treated with diet control and oral administration of vitamin D( 3 400 IU),twice a day; 20 healthy pregnant women were selected as control group; after one month,the contents of fasting blood glucose( FBG),fasting insulin( FINS),and serum 25-( OH) VitD3in the three groups were detected; insulin sensitive index( HOMA-ISI) and insulin resistance index( HOMA-IRI) were calculated to evaluate the degree of insulin resistance. Results: The level of 25-( OH) VitD3in combination group increased to( 49. 08 ± 7. 36) nmol / L,which was statistically significantly higher than that in diet control group [( 28. 82 ± 6. 34) nmol / L]( P 0. 05),compared with control group,there was no statistically significant difference( P 0. 05); the levels of FINS in control group,diet control group,and combination group were( 9. 13 ± 2. 96) mU / L,( 13. 89 ± 5. 41) mU / L,and( 10. 24 ± 3. 85) mU / L,respectively; there was statistically significant difference among the three groups( P 0. 05); HOMA-IRI level in combination group was statistically significantly lower than that in diet control group( P 0. 05), but it was statistically significantly higher than that in control group( P 0. 05); HOMA-ISI level in combination group was statistically significantly higher than that in diet control group( P 0. 05),but it was statistically significantly lower than that in control group( P 0. 05); FBG levels in combination group and diet control group were statistically significantly higher than that in control group( P 0. 05),but there was no statistically significant difference between combination group and diet control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion: The occurrence of GDM is related to vitamin deficiency. Serum level of 25-( OH) VitD3in pregnant women with GDM increases significantly after supplementing vitamin D,insulin resistance is improved obviously,but it can't return to normal.