Authentic materials are print, video, and audio materials students encounter in their daily lives, such as change-of-address forms, job applications, menus, voice mail messages, radio programs, and videos. Authentic materials are not created specifically to be used in the classroom, but they make excellent learning tools for students precisely because they are authentic. The definitions of authentic materials are a bit more different in literature written by different researchers of language. Rogers  defines  authentic materials  as  "appropriate"  and  "quality"  in  terms of goals, objectives,  learner needs and  interest and  "natural"  in  terms of real life and meaningful communication. Authentic texts have been defined as "…real-life texts, not written for pedagogic purposes" they are therefore written for native speakers and contain "real" language


The effect of form of glass reinforcement and nature of surface treatment on the strength and modulus of 'E' glass fibre isophthalic polyester resin composites has been studied. While surface hardness is of the same order in all cases, a certain percentage of voids content seems unavoidable in chopped strand mat composites. Woven roving gave the highest tensile strength. Satin weave fabric was superior to plain weave fabric in contributing to strength. Silane treatment of plain weave fabric contributed significantly to tensile strength and flexural strength, but not to flexural modulus. Satin weave fabric produced laminates with the highest stiffness. Heat cleaning and vinyl silane treatment did not enhance the stiffness and specific stiffness of tbe laminate.


Silicon technology enabled most of the electronics we witness today, including power electronics. However, wide bandgap semiconductors are capable of addressing high-power electronics more efficiently compared to Silicon, where higher power density is a key driver. Among the wide bandgap semiconductors, silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) are in the forefront in power electronics. GaN is promising in its vertical device topology. From CAVETs to MOSFETs, GaN has addressed voltage requirements over a wide range. Our current research in GaN offers a promising view of GaN that forms the theme of this article. CAVETs and OGFETs (a type of MOSFET) in GaN are picked to sketch the key achievements made in GaN vertical device over the last decade.


We study the effect of diffusing solute atoms on the collective dynamics of dislocations in plastically deforming crystals, by simulating a two-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics model with solute atoms included. We employ various protocols to apply the external stress, including constant, oscillatory and quasistatically increasing stress, and study the resulting dynamics for various values of the solute mobility, temperature, and interaction strength with the dislocations. The values of these parameters dictate if Cottrell clouds are formed around the dislocations, and whether the dislocations are able to drag them along as they move. The relevant solute-induced processes include a temporally increasing average Cottrell cloud size due to cloud merging during the evolution of the dislocation structures subject to constant stresses, and a crossover between a solute-free 'phase' and a regime where solute drag is important for cyclic stresses, controlled by the solute mobility and temperature. Statistics of deformation bursts under quasistatic loading exhibit atypical scaling where the average burst size is directly proportional to its duration, and are also affected by solute-induced strain hardening in the high-stress regime.


Several newer constitutive relations have recently been proposed for describing the mechanical behavior of metals and alloys under elevated temperature creep conditions. A salient feature of the mathematical structure of many of these relations is that they typically express the nonelastic strain rates as functions of the current values of stress, temperature, and some other suitably defined state variables. A computational scheme is presented for the inelastic analysis of metallic structures subjected to both mechanical and thermal loadings and obeying constitutive relations of the type described before. Several numerical examples for the creep of thick-walled spheres, cylinders, and rotating disks in the presence of thermal gradients are presented. The particular constitutive relations used in these calculations are due to Hart. The proposed computational scheme is found to be very efficient from the view point of both computational time and effort. The effects of previous cold work on the stress redistribution and creep of these structural elements are discussed.


The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the number of dependents on poverty in Ayula Selatan Village, Bulango Selatan Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency. Morcover, this research employed a quantitative approach with a survey research method. The data used were primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to the residents of Ayula Utara, Bulango Selatan Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency, with a total sample of 70 respondents. At the same time, the data analysis technique used simple linear regression. The finding depicted that there was an effect of the number of dependents on poverty in Ayula Selatan Village, Bulango Selatan Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency. The poverty in Ayula Selatan Village, Bulango Selatan District, Bone Bolango Regency was affected by the number dependents for 7.80%, while the remaining 92,20% were affected by other variables that were not examined in this research.


It is a fundamental and widely accepted assumption that a measurement result exists universally, and in particular, it exists for every observer, independently of whether the observer makes the measurement or knows the result. In this paper, we will argue that, based on an analysis of protective measurements, this assumption is rejected by the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, and worlds, if they indeed exist according to the interpretation, can only exist relative to systems which are decoherent with respect to the measurement result.


The results of the determination of the parameters for modifying the helical gears helicopter gearbox BP-226N with high axial deformation of crowns and as a consequence, the violation of the teeth. A study of the effect of different types of modifications on the longitudinal distribution of the contact stresses in the helical and discussed options for changing the design, offering enhanced rigidity of the transmission. The efficiency of the longitudinal modifications to improve the quality helical gears meshing with significant axial-motion, deformation under load. The results obtained and the distribution of the contact points according to parameters of the helical wheels longitudinal modifications may be used to increase service life and reliability of raising helicopter main gearbox.


Russian influence in Muslim Central Asia was far reaching. The transformative effects of Russian presence first emerged in the administrative setup and governance, and soon it spread to the domain of education and sociocultural symbols. The Muslim Central Asian society lost its connection with the Muslim world in the neighborhood as Russian alphabets, lexemes and structures replaced the Arabic script. The Tsarist administration initiated these changes which culminated in the Soviet era when Central Asian Muslims were forced to cultivate Russian language and culture. However, the distrust among the Russian diaspora and Muslim Central Asian local population was deep seated. Once the Soviet Union fell, the demographic and linguistic changes were attacked by nationalists. Despite the post-1991 attempts, the Russian language is still dominant in Muslim Central Asia as compared to English and other modern European languages.


A non-metastasizing mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous. This category includes seromucinous cystadenoma and seromucinous adenofibroma.


Xinjizhou National Wetland Park is located in Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. With diverse wetland landscape types, Xinjizhou National Wetland Park maintains high biodiversity all year around. Meanwhile, as an important hub on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, Xinjizhou National Wetland Park also occupies a core ecological position in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province. Therefore, carrying out systematic bird surveys and consequently understanding the distribution of birds and the seasonal variation of their communities can provide important insights for conservation. We conducted a one-year bird survey in the Xinjizhou National Wetland Park from 2021 to 2022 and provided occurrence datasets, including detailed species and geographic information.This dataset fills the knowledge gap in avian community composition for the Wetland Park and more importantly provides a basis to assess the conservation effectiveness of conservation measures taken in the Wetland Park.
 This occurrence dataset is the first public record of birds in Xinjizhou National Wetland Park. All data have been published on GBIF.


In the present study, the correlation-based transition model was developed for simulating the three-dimensional transition phenomena. To predict three-dimensional transition due to crossflow instabilities, the correlation-basedγ-Re θt transition transport model was extended using the three-dimensional boundary layer theory. The new correlation-based transition model was implemented in a three-dimensional incompressible flow solver based on unstructured meshes. Validations of the transition model were conducted for an infinite swept wing configuration and a 6:1 prolate spheroid. It was found that the new transition model work well for capturing of the three-dimensional transition.


A one-year investigation on re-infection rates of opisthorchiasis was carried out in three villages in the Nam Pong Water Resource Development Project, Thailand. In the two villages where selective population chemotherapy was combined with improvements in sanitation and health education aimed at changing food habits, the mean monthly re-infection rate was 2.0% and the annual cumulative rate was 21.5%. In the third village, where only selective population chemotherapy was carried out, the monthly re-infection rate was 5.0% and the annual cumulative rate was 55.5%. Studies on new infections in initially negative individuals were also carried out in the three villages, with inconclusive results.


TO THE EDITOR: For a number of years, I have looked to the Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine as a useful source of peer-reviewed articles describing advances in internal medicine. However, the recent editorial decision to prohibit publication of articles authored by private-sector researchers seems so ill-founded that I now doubt the future scientific value of this journal. The editorial states that the new authorship policy is driven by two concerns: an increase in the volume of manuscripts having industry involvement, and more importantly, a determination to keep the Journal as free from bias as possible. It is a truism that the body of medical knowledge is growing exponentially, and the resulting volume of scientific literature poses a challenge for physicians (as well as editors) to efficiently navigate. As Moses et al have recently observed, the complexity of the modern scientific enterprise has created an increasing interdependency between academic medical centers, which have historically led basic and clinical research, and the private sector. For evidence, one need look no further than the outskirts of many medical school campuses, which are often dotted with private-sector research facilities where private-sector and academic scientists collaborate. While some basic scientists look to these for access to technologies and other support unavailable within their institutions, many of their clinical colleagues work directly with commercial sponsors by participating in clinical research. By definition, this research necessarily involves interventions or diagnostic assessments that clinical investigators consider sufficiently beneficial to their patients to merit investigation. Since breakthrough interventions are evaluated in this manner, it is not surprising that these activities routinely attract leading clinical investigators. In some therapeutic areas, academic-industry relationships are the rule rather than the exception. Several years ago, editors at the New England Journal of Medicine lamented that they were almost unable to find an expert academic psychiatrist without industry links who could review a clinical trial involving antidepressants. Both academia and the private sector bring expertise to scientific research. Removal of private-sector researchers from publication endeavors not only creates the false impression that medical research is exclusively the domain of academia, but also deprives your readership of contributions from those with particular scientific expertise in cuttingedge clinical research. Striving for freedom from bias is fundamental to any scientific journal's integrity, but restricting authorship is an overly simplistic approach inadequate to meet that goal. As a researcher who has been employed by the private sector for several years, I routinely declare my affiliation in my publications (but make an extraordinary exception here). The relationship is transparent. Academically based authors are held to a different standard. Currently, most journals require academic authors only to indicate whether they have consulted, received research grants, or hold equity in companies having potential commercial interests related to their article. This approach assumes that authors are compliant and, to the extent that such relationships influence academic authors, that there is no particular bias towards any particular commercial interest. There is no differentiation between authors who have served as occasional consultants from those who rely on such relationships for their professional and personal livelihood. Hence, the reader is left with uncertainty about the potential biases of the academic co-authors. While it may seem paradoxical, categorically removing industry co-authors from Journal reviews will provide your readership with even less of a context with which to gauge potential conflicts of interest. My belief is that a twofold solution is needed. The Journal should revert to reviewing articles based on scientific merit rather than authorship affiliation. If the Journal is committed to reducing bias, it would do well to impose greater disclosure and transparency on prospective authors. The path forward is neither easy nor without controversy. A particularly provocative approach has been proposed by Joseph Alpert, MD, who recently suggested that authors stipulate the monetary value of their individual private-sector relationships. Such a strategy would then leave it to readers to assess the potential bias of the authors. For the present, the new editorial course not only limits the value of the Journal as a source of contemporary scientific news, but provides your readers with the comforting but mistaken belief that published articles will be free from bias.


.'s [1] evalua-tion of the alcohol risk management program, Graham[2] contends that the practical needs of communitiestrying to deal with problems related to drinking inlicensed premises would be better served by a change inthe way in which researchers design evaluations of com-munity prevention programs. Specifically, she arguesthat if researchers were to measure a large number ofoutcome variables over a long period of time and assessthe effects of intervention programs on these multipleoutcomes using


Summary DBcAMP significantly increased blood glucose within 30 min in the rat without showing any side effects. This increase of blood glucose was inhibited when 0.1 mg of Ppl was injected 20 min before administration of DBcAMP. When a similar dose of Ppl was injected 90 min before administration of DBcAMP, Ppl failed to inhibit the increase of blood glucose produced by DBcAMP.


This paper analyzes hydrogen production from alcohol with a pair of electrodes from an energy-exchange perspective. The electric energy between the electrodes was transformed into the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons and alcohol molecules for inducing their collisions. The collision caused the decomposition of alcohol molecules and the dissociation of hydrogen ions. The hydrogen ions were attracted to the negative electrode and produced hydrogen molecules during the electrode's electrical neutrality. Application of the classical electromagnetic theory was useful for understanding the series of reactions from an energy-exchange perspective.


Not-for-Profit (NFP) bodies, also known as charities, are playing an increasingly significant role in the ownership and management of historic sites and buildings, museums and historic landscapes. In this study, the reasons for that growth and some major issues that are now emerging as a result of it will be examined. The UK has been taken up as a case study because the role of NFP bodies in the heritage sector is well established in Britain. Governments can see some political and financial advantages in encouraging the formation of NFP bodies for heritage management. Members of the public can become enthusiastic advocates of them too, often because they feel a greater degree of commitment and involvement than would be possible if management was by the public or the commercial sector. Trustees of charities require business skills to manage tourism as a source of income and a means of education because they are legally responsible for the impact of tourism investment. Tourism is the one source of income th...


Different models of heat load in a district heating system at Karlstad have been tested. The input of the model contains one climatic dependent part and a profile which depends on time. The climatic inputs are outdoor temperature, solar intensity and wind velocity. The profile tries to describe the consumption of hot water. This model has later been used to predict the heat load for one or a few hours. A Pascal program is also presented which converts diskett formats.


Lina Ermawanti. 2017. The Use of Edmodo in Teaching Process of Writing
Skill at Eleventh Grade Students of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten Academic
Year 2016/2017. Thesis. English Education Department. Islamic Education
and Teacher Training Faculty. State Islamic Institute of Surakarta.
Advisor : SF. Luthfie Arguby Purnomo, S.S., M. Hum
Keywords : Edmodo, Teaching, Writing Skill
This study was conducted based on the problem statement how the
Edmodo is used in teaching process of writing skill, what problemsare faced
by teachers of using Edmodo in teaching process of writing skill, and whatthe
solutions to solve the problemsof Edmodo in teaching process of writing skill
are.
In answering the problem statements, the researcher used descriptive
qualitative approach. The data was collected by observation, interview, and
documents. The data were analyzed by reducing the data, presenting the data,
analyzing the data by using and taking the conclusion and verification. This
research used resources triangulation in which the researcher rechecks the
information from observations, interviews and the documents.
The result shows that the use of Edmodo in teaching process of writing
skill is quite familiar for teachers and students. The teachers can interact with
students and students can interact with other students without having to
looked. The problems of using Edmodo in teaching process in school is the
physically present themself in internet connection.From the teacher is the
used of Edmodo in teaching processis still considered foreign. From
thestudents is the students does not have a computer or laptop at home. The
solutions to solve the problemfor the school they must repair and check the
internet connection.For the teacher they have to held the seminars about
Edmodo.And for the students they can use hand phone to open Edmodo.
Based on those findings, the researcher has suggestions for the school to
regular check in the infrastructuresof the school.For the teacher should follow
the training or seminar about Edmodo.And for the studentsshould be pay
attention to the teacher in explaining the use Edmodo.


microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory non-coding RNAs. They are involved in diverse pathways and play important roles in gene regulation in eukaryotes. Since the expression of miRNAs is spatial and temporal-specific, computational prediction followed by experimental validation is still an important approach in miRNA discovery. Decreasing false positive ratio is very challenging in miRNA prediction. Here we employed ensemble learning to construct the classifier SVMbagging to predict miRNA precursors. The results of the training, test and independent test datasets demonstrate that SVMbagging is robust, has low false positive ratio and good generalization ability. Especially when the threshold is 0.9, the specificity of SVMbagging is as high as 99.90% and the sensitivity is higher than 26.00%. Therefore, SVMbagging is suitable for genome-wide prediction. We applied SVMbagging in genome-wide prediction of miRNA precursors in human genome. We obtained 14933 candidate miRNA precursors at the threshold of 0.9. Among them, 4481 miRNA precursors have perfect matches with small RNA reads when aligning with three groups of small RNA datasets from high-throughput sequencing technologies. The number of miRNAs is very close to the true positives estimated theoretically according to the performance of SVMbagging. Finally, we applied experimental methods to validate 32 candidate miRNAs. Two of them were confirmed to be true miRNAs.


To improve our understanding of the fundamental mechanism of rain-induced landslides in unsaturated expansive soils, artificial rainfall simulation tests were carried out on an 11 m high cut slope in a typical medium-plastic expansive clay in Hubei of China. The slope was well-instrumented with tensiometers, thermal conductivity suction sensors, moisture probes, earth pressure cells, inclinometers, a tipping bucket rain gauge, a vee-notch flow meter and an evaporimeter. Two artificial rainfall events were created during a month of field investigation and monitoring. Monitored results demonstrate: rainfall infiltration leads to a significant increase in pore-water pressure and water content within the top 2 m soil layer, which may result in a reduction of shear strength due to a decrease in effective stress and wetting-induced softening. On the other hand, rainfall infiltration causes a significant increase in total stress ratio (sh/sv), which may lead to a local passive failure and then trigger a progressive slope failure under a continuous rainfall condition.


Dementia is a state of impaired memory with loss of other cognitive abilities or change in personality that is persistent and interferes with previously achieved levels of social or occupational function. Clinically distinction between various types of dementia is important as it can have   profound implications for management and prognosis. Here we report three case reports of dementia admitted in our ward with varied presentations.


This exploratory study extends the work done by B. Plake and others (2000) and R. Guille and others (2001) by investigating whether a negligible occasion facet would still be found when ratings for licensure and certification examinations were completed in isolation. A set of items was sent to a standard-setting committee to be reviewed at home, completely independently of all other members of the committee. Seven to nine raters reviewed each item. The examination was a medical certification examination administered once a year. Approximately half the 200 items had Angoff ratings already assigned from use on a previous examination, so only half of the items needed Angoff values assigned to them. For the study, a set of items needing Angoff ratings was sent to committee members at home, along with a set of 13 anchor items that had previously been rated. For the at-home ratings, the mean and standard deviation for the items were compared with the values obtained at the most recent standard-setting meeting. Results provide consistent evidence of a slight item-occasion interaction that appears to be the result of the increased variability in the ratings during the at-home session as compared to the normal session. Findings do provide preliminary support for the idea that Angoff ratings obtained at home may not be significantly different from ratings provided during traditional standard setting meetings. (Contains 1 table and 14 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Occasion Effect for "at-home" Angoff ratings Andrew Wiley, Robin Guille American Board of Internal Medicine This research was supported by the ABIM but does not necessarily reflect its opinions. Paper to be presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Council on Measurement in Education, 2002, New Orleans, LA. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Cl/fhis document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this . document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


The hole-drilling method is widely used for the measurement of residual stresses in mechanical components. Until recent years, the experimental procedure and its theoretical background were not enough developed to allow the use of the method for the measurement of residual stress distribution in the depth of a part. The method could only be used in the case of uniform stress state. New developments have shown that strains measured on the surface during an incremental drilling can be related to residual stress distribution.A finite element software has been developed by CETIM for the calculation of the coefficients of calibration of the hole drilling method. It is applicable to all isotropic materials, including multilayer materials.Another problem of the method is the selection of the drilling technique. Two systems have been studied: ultra high-speed air-turbine and conventional milling machine.The sensitivity of the incremental hole-drilling method will be discussed. The new hole-drilling method has been applied to shot-peened as well as to water-quenched steel specimens. The results have been successfully compared with those of the bending-deflection and the X-ray diffraction methods.


Present investigation is concerned with the elasto-plastic solution of an anisotropic non-homogeneous hollow cylinder. Power law variation has been assumed for all material constant in elastic stage and also for parameters characteristic of the state of anisotropy in plastic yielding. It is observed that plastic yielding may start at the inner surface of the cylinder or at the outer surface and there is a possibility of forming more than one plastic zone depending on the value of constants of the particular material as has been seen in the case of baryte. Numerical results showing distributions of stresses and strains and how the plastic yielding starts in the boron/epoxy cylinder are presented in tabular from.


The exhaust emissions and fuel consumption rate of newly registered automobiles in Thailand are now assessed from the European standard driving cycle. The European driving cycle shows the characteristics of vehicles operating conditions for various speeds and acceleration ranges, but does not represent realistic speed-time history of a vehicle in actual traffic. As the driving conditions are different, the assessment results using this driving cycle may not produce realistic amounts of emissions and fuel consumption of the cars under Bangkok traffic which is well known for its congestion. The objective of this research is therefore to propose a method to develop a driving cycle to represent Bangkok traffic. A method for selecting the representative road routes in Bangkok was firstly proposed. A gasoline passenger car equipped with a real time data logger was then used to collect speed-time data under actual traffic along the selected road routes in Bangkok urban area for two months. The driving characteristics were analyzed from the speed-time data and its target driving parameters were defined and evaluated. The method for generating the driving cycle was then proposed and described. After achieving a driving cycle, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of a vehicle were measured by driving a car on a standard chassis dynamometer according to the obtained Bangkok driving cycle. Comparison of the exhaust emission test and fuel consumption test results obtained from the constructed driving cycle with those obtained from the presently-adopted European standard cycle had been made.


According to some political economists, equality of outcome and equality of opportunity are substitutable. Assuming that people wish to equalize their opportunities in life, their level of demand for equalizing outcomes depends on their perception of social mobility in their society. On the other hand, substitutability can be criticized because equalizing opportunities introduces higher risk for an individual's future rank in their society, and this causes yet more demand for equalizing outcomes. Evidence based on the French Survey "Dynegal" shows that both expectations are correct and that the relationship between perceived equality of opportunity and preference for equality of outcomes is robustly U-shaped.


Hub-and-spoke enterprises cluster refers to the collaborative enterprises network, which is consisted of leading firms and small and medium enterprises based on specialization and division of labor. The advantage of hub-and-spoke cluster lies in the fact that it is able to effectively reap the benefits of both incremental innovation and radical innovation. Firstly, this paper analyzes the interactive learning mechanism of hub-and-spoke clusters in perspective of vertical, horizontal and multifold dimension. Secondly, it defines the different role of clustering members in cluster innovation. Thirdly, it proposes the layered coupling innovation model of hub-and-spoke cluster. Finally, the crucial role of leading firms in innovation process is discussed.


Considering the change of attitudes of plagiarism detection to assessment for learning, it is necessary to explore the effect of the paradigm shift for Turnitin, from 'plagiarism detection' to self-service learning aid. Two research questions are explored in the present study: (1) How Turnitin augments self-service skills of students and lecturers to inform learning enhancement? and (2) What is the polarity of positive and constructive experience with the use of Turnitin to narrow the gap between students' expectations and university standards? Taking cross-disciplinary groups of academics and students, the study identifies their experiences. The findings suggest that Turnitin enables students to conduct self-service and independent learning through the pedagogical use of the originality report. Turnitin should not be used as a 'plagiarism detection' tool. Instead, it can act as a self-assessment and self-learning aid to inform writing enhancement. Recommendations and insights are discussed for such pedagogical use.


In Ageless Marketing, authors David Wolfe and Robert Snyder document the results of a groundbreaking research project on the aging boomer generation, detailing the core values, buying behaviors, and emotional factors that distinguish the New Customer Majority. As more companies seek sales from multiple age groups, "ageless marketing" becomes critical to financial performance.


The problem of how abstract symbols, such as those in systems of natural language, may be grounded in perceptual information presents a significant challenge to several areas of research. This thesis presents an unsupervised learning model that allows analysis of the symbol-grounding problem. The model learns associations between visual scenes and linguistic descriptions and provides means for direct examination of what it has learned. By analyzing the system, it is possible to assess how well symbols can be grounded in perceptual information with an unsupervised neural network architecture. The model demonstrates potential for accomplishing grounding in artificial systems and provides valuable insight into the grounding task.


Single-channel sleep EEG data from eight subjects have been analyzed using Lempel-Ziv complexity measure and alpha-delta and gamma-delta power ratios. Complexity values are consistently high during the waking state for all the subjects and low during the sleep state. Similarly, both the power ratios are high when the subjects are awake and become low during sleep. We have obtained an accuracy of 93.9% in classifying EEG epochs into data corresponding to sleep or awake states. The misclassification is mainly arising from the fact that both the complexity values and the power ratios during the REM sleep state are sometimes comparable to the waking state. By adding another signal such as electromyogram or electrooculogram, one maybe able to minimize the misclassification. The uniqueness of our work is that we have been able to achieve a good accuracy using only one EEG channel, two carefully chosen simple features and a linear classifier.


The invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, in particular to a method and a device for processing information of a payment terminal, wherein the payment terminal processes promotion information. The method comprises the following steps of (1) providing a message comprising product discount information to at least one network platform, and presetting a settlement method according to the product discount information; (2) receiving registration information comprising a first identifier which is input by a user; (3) acquiring a product consuming request of the user, wherein the product consuming request comprises a second identifier; and (4) judging whether the first identifier and the second identifier are the same or not, if so, performing the preset settlement method. The operations of manually recording and checking a product and the corresponding discount are eliminated, the cost of a merchant is saved, and the management efficiency is improved.


Based on fifteen months of fieldwork with television and new media producers at the transnational "European" public television channel, ARTE, this article describes the ways in which staff are in the midst of reimagining the channel's "audience." On the one hand, staff continue to understand television audiences as primarily national, and only nationally coherent; on the other hand, ARTE's audiences are understood to be fast-dispersing as a result of new broadcast technologies and streaming web content. To reach dispersing audiences, and to better articulate its programming across borders, ARTE has partly shifted its efforts toward regathering its public through international events, festivals, and other off-screen engagements where its viewers become differently coherent and knowable. The article argues that such a strategy re-emplaces "fans and followers" of ARTE in ways that might foster collective identifications in ways that may be literally replacing those engendered by traditional public broadcasting.


Previous studies have shown that in sickle trait (AS) donor blood very little sickling is visible. AS donor blood was evaluated by a method of blood filtration, which would be sensitive to intracellular gellation of S hemoglobin which might not be evident morphologically. Blood was collected from normal and sickle trait subjects into CPD solution and stored at 4 C. Blood was removed over a 21‐day period and filtered through paper filters at unit gravity and also examined microscopically. Sickling was not evident in saline wet preparations, but was seen in each AS sample in 10 per cent formalin‐saline. At 4, 25, and 37 C, AS blood filtered less rapidly than did normal (P < 0.01). AS blood filterability became progressively prolonged as temperature rose; conversely normal blood filterability shortened with increasing temperature. Over 21 days, AS blood remained less filterable than normals. AS samples with high hemoglobin S percentages filtered significantly more slowly than did those with less S hemoglobin.


Several U.S. panel surveys measure household wealth. At the same time, many important questions about household wealth accumulation remain somewhat unresolved. We consider whether measurement error on the existing suite of longitudinal surveys hinders their usefulness for addressing these questions. We review the features of wealth data that make it difficult to collect and assess which assets and debts households are more likely to report accurately. We suggest several considerations in choosing between improving existing surveys and starting a new one. Author contact information: firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com. This paper was prepared for the "Assessing the Need for a New Nationally Representative Household Panel Survey in the United States" conference, held in Washington, DC on June 5-6, 2014. The conference was funded by the National Science Foundation. The conference papers are forthcoming in a special issue of the Journal of Economic and Social Measurement. We are grateful to Matthew Shapiro, Meta Brown, Matthew Eichner, Arthur Kennickell, Michael Palumbo, John Sabelhaus, and an anonymous referee for helpful comments and conversations. The views in this paper are the authors' alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or its staff, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, or the United States.


Abstract. The main purpose of this study is to understand the impact of age on work values and work centrality. The study was conducted in Istanbul, Turkey with the participation of 935 university graduate, corporate white-collar employees of large companies in Istanbul. In-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative stage and a web-based survey was administered for the quantitative stage of data collection. An important contribution of this study is the emic items identified for the Turkish work context. These emic items are suggested to be incorporated to work values inventory for future research. The results indicated differences in work values among different age groups as well as changes among age groups in the level of importance of work. Keywords. Work values, Work centrality, Age, Turkey. JEL. J50, J60, J61.


In the practice of veterinary activity quite often necessary to carry out the identification of the types of meat and meat semi-finished or falsification of raw meat. The main methods of identification of raw meat are the organoleptic, immunological, histological studies and polymerase chain reaction.


In recent decades, with the vigorous development of shipping and transportation logistics industry, a large number of portal cranes have been installed in the ports of our country for production, and some of the equipment has approached or even exceeded its designed service life, and there is a great hidden danger of safety in the continued use of the equipment. This paper discusses a safety performance evaluation method of portal crane based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Through the determination and measurement of evaluation index, the safety condition of equipment can be obtained. according to the value of equipment safety condition, the safety performance can be classified, and the user and management organization can respond effectively according to the safety performance level of equipment, and the risk caused by long-term service of equipment can be effectively eliminated.


Tarim is inferred to have a close connection with East Gondwana during the Ordovician, but the position in East Gondwana remains controversial. In this study, we report 316 detrital zircons U-Pb data from three samples of Ordovician Malieziken Group sedimentary rocks, collected in the Qiate Section, Southwest Tarim, provided new insight into the position of Tarim in East Gondwana. Detrital zircons data indicated the maximum depositional age for the three samples is 489.5 Ma, 478.1 Ma, and 465 Ma, respectively, indicating the Qiate and Kandilike Formation of the Malieziken Group was deposited in Early—Middle Ordovician. The detrital zircons are characterized by two main peaks at ~490 Ma and ~1100 Ma, and three subordinate peaks at ~880 Ma, ~1400 Ma, and ~1650 Ma, suggesting most of the detritus of Malieziken Group from the South Kunlun Terrane (SKT) itself. However, the source of the ~1650 Ma peak is not found in the Tarim block, and the ~1400 Ma and the ~1650 Ma peak are absent in the middle of the three samples, which implied that there is an exotic source. The Paleoproterozoic sediment strata in the Albany–Fraser belt shows dominant peaks at ~1400 Ma and ~1650 Ma may have been transported to SKT and redeposited in the Malieziken Group during the Ordovician. The Malieziken Group shows detrital zircon age patterns resembling those of East Sumatra, Lhasa, and Western Australia which, in combination with the Albany–Fraser belt provenance, enables us to propose that the Tarim block has a close linkage with Western Australia, East Sumatra, and Lhasa in East Gondwana.


Objective
To observe the effect of hydrogen-containing medium on the polarization of macrophage RAW264.7 and to explore the function of macrophages.

Methods
RAW264.7 macrophage induced by lipopolysaccharide LPS(20 ng/mL) and IFN-γ(50 ng/mL) or by IL-4(20 ng/mL) were cultured in medium with or without hydrogen.The cell viability was measured through cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay.The markers of macrophages were assayed with flow cytometry.The levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by quantitative PCR(qPCR). The proteins of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB) was detected by western blotting.The migration capacity of macrophages was measured with wound scratch assay.

Results
Macrophages were polarized to M1 induced by LPS and IFN-γ.The axons were small and elongated.Macrophages were polarized to M2 induced by IL-4, which contained large axons.The mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β in M1 were significantly up-regulated.The mRNA levels of Arg-1, IL-10, and YM-1 in M2 were also significantly up-regulated(P 0.05).

Conclusion
The present study showed that hydrogen could inhibit M1 polarization.The levels of inflammatory factors secreted by M1 macrophages and the percentage of CD16/32 were decrease after treatment with hydrogen.The migration ability of M1 may be associated with the levels of NF-κB(p65) in the nucleus.

Key words:
Macrophage; Polarization; Hydrogen; Nuclear transcription factors


The dermal side of the chick embryonic skin was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the removal of dermal components. Epidermis free of dermis was prepared as follows: Tissues were fixed, hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid (HC1), digested with collagenase or trypsin, and processed for SEM observation. The epidermis from the anterior tarsometatarsus and the foot pad was examined. The base of the tarsometatarsal epidermis of a 13-day-old embryo was smooth except for the ridge demarcating each large overlapping scale. The base of each basal cell of 18to 20-day-old embryos, bulged in hemispherical fashion on the dermal side. The undulation of the base of the epidermis (i.e. the formation of the dermal papillae) was not prominent in the tarsometatarsal epidermis. In the foot pad, small round depressions, each corresponding to a reticulate scale, were observed on the dermal side of the epidermis. The bottom of a depression was smooth in a 13-day-old embryo. After 18-20 days of incubation, the downgrowth of the epidermis occurred. Many pits corresponding to the dermal papillae were clearly seen. These observations show the morphological diversity of the epidermis in its dermal side during the development. In addition, HC1 treatment followed by protease digestion is useful in the study of morphogenesis of the epidermis.


Proximity-to-target, entropy, weighted synthesis and radar map methods were employed to provide theoretical and technical guidance for assessment of environmental performance. After defining the environmental performance connotation, a series of evaluation indexes were proposed to carry out the assessment. Detailed analysis in terms of the environmental performance index (EPI) had been finished for 11 cities in Zhejiang Province. There were significant difference among EPI values of the 11cities. The EPI values in south region were higher than those in north area. It was a positive correlation between EPI and natural resource, but a negative one between EPI and economic level. Further researches were required within a much larger region to get deep insights.


The life has become strongly dependent from the presence of protons and electrons, which were formed during the events called as big bang, 15 billion years ago,i.e.the protons and electrons set the stage for the formation of life in the universe. In this connection, it should be said that all Diagnostics and Treatment processes of Traditional medicine practices should be based on the morpho - functional unit, which really exists inside a human body such as the membrane-redox potentials three-state line system dependent -full 9 stepped cycle of proton conductance inside human body , which we can see and measure . We have revealed that more close relationship between the membrane-redox potentials three-state line system dependent ATP making processes exists, which functions with participation of the full 9 stepped cycle of proton conductance inside human body and triple Rlung,Mkhris,Badgan theory of Tibetian Traditional medicine.


Objective To assess the value of 18 F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) SPECT in the diagnosis of neck and head malignancy. Methods Fifty five patients with neck and head malignancy were underwent 18 F FDG SPECT imaging and registration with integrated CT. Among them, 34 cases were with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (12 primary cases and 22 post radiotherapy cases), 13 cases with other kinds of postoperative malignancy and 8 cases with lymph node (LN) metastases in the neck and head. Results ① 18 F FDG SPECT imaging showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosing head and neck malignancy were 90.5%(19/21), 80.8%(21/26) and 85.1%(40/47), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting metastases were 93.8%(30/32)and 86.7%(13/15). ②The primary lesions were found in 4 of 8 patients with neck LN metastases, and the primary lesions in the other 4 cases were not identified. Conclusion 18 F FDG SPECT imaging is of higher accuracy in the diagnosis of neck and head primary malignancy, and of great value for detecting clinically unknown primary lesions with neck LN metastases.


Objective To evaluate the quality of fetal heart volumes acquired with different initial planes with three-dimensional ultrasound and investigate the value of tomographic ultrasound imaging technique in evaluation normal fetal heart.Methods The fetal heart volumes were acquired with the apical four chamber view and transversal four chamber view as the initial planes using three-dimensional ultrasound in 158 fetuses,whose gestational ages were range from 16 to 40 weeks.And then the volumes were rotated with TUI software for showing the nine standard views of four chamber view,five chamber view,three vessels-trachea view,left ventricular outflow tract view,right ventricular outflow tract view,short-axis view of great arteries,sagittal view of aortic arch,sagittal view of ductus arteriosus,superior vena cava view and inferior vena cava view.All the volumes were divided into three groups according to gestational age.The gestational age were range from 16 to 24 weeks in group A,25 to 32 weeks in group B and 33 to 40 weeks in group C.Then the display rates of the nine views were compared among the three groups.Results One hundred and forty-nine volumes were acquired in these 158 fetuses.Seventy-two volumes were acquired with the apical four chamber view as the initial plane and 77 volumes were acquired with the transversal four chamber view as the initial plane.The display rate(2 point section rate) of the superior vena cava view and the inferior vena cava view were significantly different in A and B groups and the results were similar for both volumes acquired with the two different initial planes(χ2=4.927,22.938,6.312,21.761,all P0.05).The display rate(2 point section rate) of aortic arch section and arterial duct arch section,in the apex cordis four cavity cherished surface,has significant differences in A and B groups(χ2=8.053,4.967,all P0.05),as the display rate in B group is the best,that in C group is next,and that in A group is the worst.Conclusions Both of the apical four chamber view and transversal four chamber view could be used as the initial planes for acquiring fetal heart volumes with three-dimensional ultrasound.The qualities of the volumes are influenced by the external conditions.The volumes acquired with the apical four chamber view as initial plane may be impacted more significantly.The optimal time for fetal heart screening is between 25 to 32 weeks.The fetal heart volumes that are acquired with the apical four chamber view and transversal four chamber view as the initial planes are very important for the standard fetal heart screening and remote consultation.


A fundamentally important task of modern pharmacotherapy of immunoinflammatory diseases (IID) is a significant improvement in the quality of life (QOL) of patients, the fastest and most complete elimination of the most unpleasant manifestations of the disease, restoration of function and working capacity. Specialists in the therapy of various IID took part in panel dedicated to the discussion of this problem: Professor E.L. Nasonov, PhD., member of the Academy of Science; Professor A.M. Lila, PhD; V.N. Amirjanova, PhD; A.E. Karateev, PhD; T.V. Korotaeva, PhD; O.V. Knyazev, PhD; T.A. Lisitsyna, PhD; M.M Hobeish, PhD; E.S. Filatova. PhD.One of the central issues was the discussion of the need to use the patient's reported outcomes (PROs) indicator in analyzing the results of IID therapy (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease). The need for its use is due to the fact that the principal goal of treatment with modern disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is not only to achieve low activity or remission of IID, but also to maximize the general condition and QOL of patients. Therefore, such manifestations of IID as pain, fatigue, dysfunction, depression and anxiety, etc., must be analyzed in the course of treatment. The development of these symptoms is determined by the main immunopathological process and is associated, among others, with systemic overproduction of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Modern DMARDs: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, in particular tofacitinib, are capable of directly blocking the effect of cytokines on cells (suppressing the intracellular JAK / STAT signaling pathway), quickly and effectively eliminating pain, fatigue and dysfunction. The use of JAK inhibitors seems to be especially appropriate in patients with IID with high inflammatory activity and severe clinical manifestations.


Background: Researchers have developed various algorithms to identify the occurrence of an oil spill in these oceans. However, knowing the type of oil that is spilled in the ocean is important to assess and plan the restoration process. To predict the type of oil that is spilled in the ocean by using machine learning techniques. Fifty satellite images of three types of an oil spill, namely petroleum, crude oil, and diesel were examined to identify the type of oil spill over the affected area. The oil spills were initially identified from the images using K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. Color-based, Statistical, Textural and Geographical features are extracted after applying various types of wavelets to obtain the features relevant to the physical parameters and type of oil in the ocean. The features were then trained and classified using K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm to identifying the type of oil. Methods: For wavelet analysis (Daubechies analysis db1, db2, db3, db4, db5, db6, db7, db8, db9, db10) and machine learning (k-nearest neighbor algorithm) applied to optimize the oil spill feature sets. Features included color-based, statistical, texture and geological features. This experiment was conducted on SAR images. The features were classified using a k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Seventy percent of features used for training and thirty percent for testing. Results: The results show that oil spill classification achieved by wavelet transforms and machine learning algorithms outperformed very well with similar parameter settings, especially with 70% training data and 30% testing data using confusion matrix. It also represents 99% accuracy for petrol oil using Daubechies 5 analysis which indicates better characterization of oil spills. Results denote oil spill detection using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing which provides an excellent tool in oil spill characterization various features can be extracted from SAR data set.


The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a widely used algorithm in the field of function optimization problems. The traditional ABC algorithm has long search time, slow convergence speed and easy to fall into local optimum at the end of the search. In this paper, the design scheme and method of implementing parallel ABC algorithm are studied, which makes use of the characteristics of many data bits and easy expansion of data bits of the ternary optical computer (TOC). First, by analysing the traditional ABC algorithm, we can find the parallel parts and parallel design. Then the detailed algorithm implementation flow is given and the clock cycle of the algorithm is analysed. Finally, the correctness of the parallel scheme is verified by experiments. Compared with the ABC algorithm and parallel ABC algorithms based on computer (PABC), the ABC algorithm based on TOC (TOC-PABC) effectively shortens the search time, improves the optimization performance of complex multimodal function optimization problems and obtains a higher speedup.


Orbital varieties are the irreducible components of the intersection between a nilpotent orbit and a Borel subalgebra of the Lie algebra of a reductive group. There is a geometric correspondence between orbital varieties and irreducible components of Springer fibers. In type A, a construction due to Richardson implies that every nilpotent orbit contains at least one smooth orbital variety and every Springer fiber contains at least one smooth component. In this paper, we show that this property is also true for the other classical cases. Our proof uses the interpretation of Springer fibers as varieties of isotropic flags and van Leeuwen's parametrization of their components in terms of domino tableaux. In the exceptional cases, smooth orbital varieties do not arise in every nilpotent orbit, as already noted by Spaltenstein. We however give a (nonexhaustive) list of nilpotent orbits which have this property. Our treatment of exceptional cases relies on an induction procedure for orbital varieties, similar to the induction procedure for nilpotent orbits.


Background: Caffeine's effect on supraventricular dysrhythmias is poorly understood, and establishing a marker to predict atrial fibrillation may help to explain supraventricular dysrhythmias caused by caffeine.


Public sector balance sheets (PSBS) provide a framework for comprehensive and deep analysis of fiscal risks and policies. To illustrate these benefits, this paper shows how PSBS analysis can be applied to assess risks to Indonesia's public sector stemming from its public corporations. The paper also shows that the government's plans to finance a ramp-up in public investment with additional tax revenue increases both economic growth and public wealth.


Uric acid lowers the value for glucose as determined by the "GOD-Perid" method. To localize the interference by uric acid, we investigated each step of the reaction. Bleaching of the final color is the only source of such interference.


ABSTRACT This research reports cultivation of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) in a locally designed and fabricated closed tubular photo bioreactor and the subsequent extraction using super critical fluid extraction. Microalgae oil yield at various temperatures and pressures is reported. The algal oil is then transesterified into biodiesel using an in-house developed new heterogeneous catalyst. The process eliminates the undesirable saponification, apart from increasing the yield, reducing the reaction temperature, and substantially increasing reaction rate, thus providing the basis for benefiting the biofuel production economy directly. The biodiesel produced using the proprietary catalyst is then characterized by using analytical techniques like gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance.


In this paper we consider the security of a PUF based RFID Authentication protocol which has been recently proposed by Bassil et al. [2]. The designers have claimed that their protocol offers immunity against a broad range of attacks while it provides excellent performance. However, we prove in contrary to its designers claim, this protocol does not provide any security. We present an efficient secret disclosure attack which retrieves all secret parameters of the protocol. Given those secret parameters, it would be trivial to apply any other attack in the context on the protocol. However, to highlight other weaknesses of the protocol we present extra reader traceability, impersonation and desynchronization attacks that do not require disclosing the secret parameters necessarily. Success probability of all mentioned attacks is almost "1" while the complexity is at most two runs of protocol.


The histogram equation (HEQ) technique is commonly adopted for feature space normalization in speech recognition systems. In this technique, a transform function is calculated directly from the histograms of both training and test data, and the nonlinear effects of additive noise are compensated. In order to estimate the transform function accurately, a certain amount of data are required. However, this is not suitable for real-time application because at least several seconds of evaluation data need to be accumulated before the transform function can be calculated. This means that the system cannot start the recognition process until the end of utterance. In this research, we aim to develop a new speech recognition method based on the HEQ technique for real-time processing. This method is called "time-synchronous frame-weighted HEQ (ts-FHEQ)." In the time-synchronous decoding, lack of data for estimating the histogram becomes a major problem. To resolve this problem, we introduce a frame weighting approa...


In this paper, fixed point and variational inclusion problems are investigated based on a proximal-type iterative algorithm. Strong convergence theorems are established in the framework of Hilbert spaces.


Two-year experimental research results of radio signal propagation and fading are presented in this paper. Microwave wireless links located in coastal and continental terrain and operated at 15 GHz were tested. The impacts of different atmosphere phenomena such as rain, brume, dew, weather, ground and dew point temperatures on the signal strength fading in these wireless links were assessed. Additionally, multipath effect origin and rain attenuation were analysed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.4.2921


Using novel measures of politics-policy uncertainty we document predictable variation in stock market returns across countries. Country characteristics and existing global and local risk factors do not account for such predictability, leading to large abnormal returns, up to 15% per annum. We identify a global political risk factor (P-factor) commanding a risk premium of 11% per annum. Countries with high politics-policy uncertainty covary positively with the P-factor, thus earning higher average returns. Augmenting the global market portfolio with the P-factor significantly reduces pricing errors and improves cross-sectional fit. Politics-policy uncertainty affects returns through both cash flow and discount rate channels.


The transfomation from the state distributed employment system and government supported education to the free choice system and selfsupported education brought great and new shocks to the poverty stricken college students in every respect. This paper analyses the probable mental problems confronting those students during their college life and suggests ways for correction and adjustment.


Abbati, H. The Unclaimed Wealth. How Money Stops Production. (New York: Macmillan Co. 1924.) Abstracts of Theses. "Humanistic Series." Vol. I. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press. I925.) Adams, A. B. Economics of Business Cycles. (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1925.) American Bar Association, The. London Meeting I924. (New York: Frank Shepard Co. I925.) Anderson, Benjamin M. The Income of the American People and the Ratio of Foreign to Domestic Trade, I890-1924. (New York: Chase National Bank of the City of New York. I925.) Annual Report of the State Tax Commission 1923. (State of New York.) (New York: J.B.Lyon Co. I924.) Baber, Ray E. and Ross, E. A. Changes in the Size of American Families in One Generation. (Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin. 1924.) Bader, Louis, World Developments in the Cotton Industry. (New York: New York University Press. I925.) Baker, Elizabeth F. Protective Labor Legislation. Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law. Vol. CXVI. Whole No. 259, No. 2. (New York: Columbia University Press. I925.) Baker-Crothers, Hayes, and Hudnut, Ruth Allison. Problems of Citizenship. (New York: Henry Holt &


In the present age, Friday sermon is seen as a veritable Islamic medium through Wilich informationand  messagecanbetransferredfromthe Imam  to the congregation (lVorshippers) and thr:society at large. A'guably, Friday sermon, if weLlprepared,subjectfocusedand articulately delivered could have positive impact on  the  socio-economic,political andmorallives  of  the  listeners. Howevel: it seenlSthat  contempormy Friday Imamsarenot  utilizing  theii-pulpitsto reformthe degeneratingsociety. It seems that Friday sermons are no longeraspiring to many listeners.  This could he prohahlydue to noticeahle loopholes  inthedeliveryof thesermon.Thus,impact  of Friday  sermon on MusLims could  largely  dependun the deliverytechniquesempLoyed by the Imam.This paper,therefore,  identifiestheartof public  speakingtechniques which an Imam couLd adopt while deliveringhis sermonin this modern age. The paper  also highlights  conciselywhat could constitute  i~npediments to effective deliveryof Friday sermon.  Consideringthe positive impact which  Friday sermon could have on Muslimsand their societyat large, the paperoffers some sug'!,cstiollsthatcould  makedeliveryofFriday  sermonmoreeffective for infomation and development.


The efficiency of complex treatment (including EMR of millimeter range) of old-aged patients with hypertension is higher in comparison with isolated pharmaceutics. This therapy has a positive effect especially on morphological and functional changes of cardio-vascular system and does not change the normal indicators.


Geomatics allows for advanced modeling of phenomena in space and for the observation of process development in time. It enables comparative analyses of various aspects of urban-scape, including the social and human dimensions. At this time, the scope of urban data required by legal regulations is limited to basic issues, including land-use zoning, transportation and, cultural/natural values preservation. Successful sustainable urban environmental planning requires concentration on other aspects of city structure, with special emphasis on urban morphology analyses. Such an approach is more appropriate to the mixed used development and revitalisation processes, which take place in urbanised areas. The paper provides insights into the importance and challenges of using urban structure analysis from different perspectives: social, cultural, urban planning and design, and explains the main fields of contemporary urban morphological analyses, reviewing the geomatics use in


Successful implementation of digital technologies is crucial for innovation and competitive advantage.Today, digital technologies are revolutionizing collaboration and value co-creation across traditional industry boundaries and thus generating the need for adaptive and innovative business models, new and flexible organisational forms as well as new digital processes and capabilities.

The ability of firms to combine resources across traditional industry boundaries, enabled through digital capabilities, has increased the innovation potential. In the AEC industry, the use of building information modeling (BIM) as the most spread design method has inevitably changed collaboration and innovation in the planning and construction processes. In that context, successful implementation of digital technologies, such as BIM, requires changes in traditional organisational processes, operation and coordination of activities and applied strategies.

In our empirical study, conducted in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, we surveyed 176 companies in the AEC industry and collected data on organisational capabilities, strategies and performance. We,use the architecture of organisational capabilities model (Sreckovic, 2018) to explore the impact of innovation on organisational performance. Our empirical results confirm that organisations in the AEC industry need dynamic capabilities for innovation and entrepreneurship, supported by adequate coordination and operational processes that would enable sustainable value co-creation and competitive advantage. Furthermore, successful technological innovations require product and process modeling supported by coordinative and collaborative processes for design and planning. The results indicate as well that traditional organisational forms are giving way to actor-oriented organizational forms due to the nature of digital technologies.

This study integrates Porter's value chain concept and the organizational capabilities model and delivers a contribution to the organizational capability theory. In addition our empirical results from the AEC industry contribute to the innovation and entrepreneurship literature by showing that the process of innovation requires different levels of capabilities for the achievement of competitive advantage, therefore indicating the necessity for an adequate development and coordination of innovation processes in AEC.


In this literature, I intended to review some aspects of 'Lee Jung Seob's Myth' beyond the area of fine art. The myth was forcefully created in the 1970s not only in fine art areas but also in some commercial and mass-oriented genres of art such as literature, film, play, TV drama. Until now, in spite of the popularities and influential powers of such mass-oriented artworks about Lee, all but academic researches and art criticisms on 'Lee Jung Seob's Myth' have just referred on the myth concerning art market or within the genre of fine art, and have had little interest in those mass-oriented artworks. I focused on the critical biography about Lee, written by Korean famous poet Go Eun in 1973, and the feature film 'Lee Jung Seob' produced in 1974, based on Go's critical biography. Go's literature became the origin and canon of commercialized myth of Lee because of its great popularity. Go wrote the literature for the purpose of demythifying Lee, but paradoxically contributed to construct more forceful myth of Lee, with critical rhetoric of pseudo-psychoanalysis and nationalistic aesthetics based on natural characteristics. The film 'Lee Jung Seob' was produced by one of the largest film company in the 1970s and its director was Gwak Jeong Hwan, head of the film company who believed that film was an industrial one. In the 1970s, Korean film industry was controlled by the film policy of the Yushin regime and its administrative censorship was deeply rooted in the process of film production. Therefore, the film industry and its policy in the period of Yushin regime, participated in arranging and standardizing the myth of artist Lee, with making various subjects such like Lee's families, friends, mass media, and the public get involved in it. These mass-oriented genres cast the desire of mass in a way that the public concentrated on the personage and life of Lee by reificating his materialized and typified images repeatedly. Thus, we can find that a series of border-crossing of genres from critical biography to film, poetry, play, TV drama, etc. in the 1970s was an influential process materializing the myth of Lee Jung Seob.


Effect of neutron irradiation on the microhardness and resistivity of titanium nickelide was experimentally studied in its initial martensitic-austenitic and modification with krypton ions states. It was established that hardening and increase in electrical resistance of titanium nickelide are associated with formation of hardened radiation-induced defects under the influence of neutrons and depend on the modification temperature.


[Objective] Determination of Se in the soil with high selenium in Ziyang area by Microwave Digested-Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry.[Method] The samples were first treated by nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide(10 + 2) of microwave digestion,then the trace arsenic and selenium in soil of Ziyang high selenium region were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry.The experimental conditions for treating and analyzing samples were optimized.[Result]The results indicated that the selenium content in soil of Ziyang high selenium region is 16.28 mg / kg,the detection limits were 0.15 g / L,the selenium recovery rate was 92%-101.8%,the correlation coefficient was 0.999 9,the linear range 0-100 mg / kg.[Conclusion] The method of microwave digestion of total selenium determination result is accurate and stable.It also saves the chemical reagents and time.


Abstract The abstract notion of "the feminine", (womanliness, feminine nature)—in French, le feminin, and in German, das Weibliche—as substantivum neutrum, remains together with its opposite, the masculine, connotative of an inherent disparity. It is meant neither as the biological affiliation of sex, nor as gender, the social response, or echo, of this biological affiliation. Rather, it is the spiritual attitude (psychic, spiritual being, mind) which is the norm for psychic manifestations in general, and is its subtle psychosomatic background. It is not necessarily connected with the rude biological differentiation of sex, but rather appears as a quality in one or the other form; either as the individual, the social group or forms of activities, etc., without respect to the biological manifestations of the participants. What this paper attempts to demonstrate, is the way in which the above described notion of the feminine, functions in classical Asian cultures and philosophies. In the famous Yijing, for ...


This work constructs an evaluation index system and quantitatively explores the coupling coordination relationship between the tourism development system and the medical services system in China. Results show that the degree of coupling coordination between the tourism development system and the medical services system showed a good upward trend in China during the period 2012–2019. However, the relationship was barely balanced, with tourism development lagging. The overall layout shows a spatial pattern of "high in the north and low in the south, high in the east and low in the west." The degree of coupling coordination tends to be randomly distributed from clustered distribution, and the cold–hot spots show a spatial development pattern of "cold in the northwest and hot in the southeast" as time passes. The power of government to regulate has always been an important mechanism affecting the degree of coupling coordination. The study aims to provide reference for the rationalization of medical tourism layout and sustainable development.


Rationale: Gastrointestinal foreign body (FB) is an emergency commonly encountered by the pediatric gastroenterology department. Management of their extraction requires knowledge and careful consideration of removal techniques. Patient concerns: Two little girls swallowed multiple magnets that stuck together for >3 days, which was an indication for surgery. Diagnosis: X-ray revealed dense shadows in the left abdomen. However, the abdominal examination revealed a soft abdomen without tenderness, rebound tenderness, or muscle rigidity. Intervention: The multiple magnets were removed by endoscopy instead of surgery. Outcome: We conducted sufficient preoperative assessment and preparation. Eventually, we successfully removed the multiple magnets by endoscopy, and no perforation or fistula formation was observed. Surgery was avoided. Lessons: Swallowing multiple magnets isn't a rare emergency in children. Physicians must be aware that surgery is not the only option even if multiple magnets are swallowed for >12 hours. Endoscopic removal can be considered if there is no obstruction, perforation, or fistula formation upon careful patient assessment. If endoscopic removal fails, surgical treatment should be performed as soon as possible to avoid serious complications.


The present paper is concerned about its authors' experimental study on the fractal dimensions of the activated carbon from Jatropha curcasl shell.As is known,Jatropha curcasl shell can be made to be an activating agent in the surroundings of nitrogen in activated carbon by chemistry activation with KOH.In our study,we have conducted experiments with a few kinds of activated carbon by different ratios of KOH to the shell(R)on their nitrogen adsorption-desorption(at 77 K),so as analyze the features of the pore structure parameters.As a result,we have found that such kinds of carbon tend to change along with the change of R and gain the best parameters.For example,in a specific surface area,the micropore volume,pore size distributions and iodine adsorption capacity of the carbon would increase to the biggest when R=4,even getting to 1 890 m2/g,0.95 mL/g,91.76% and 2 218.44 mg/g,respectively,but their pore average diameter would be the smallest,that is,only 1.124 nm.Then,we have examined the fractal dimensions and the correlation coefficient of activated carbon by using the isotherm data and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms.And,here,the fractal dimensions defined at early stages(the fractal dimensions is D1)of the multilayer formation prove to be different from those estimated at higher coverage(the fractal dimensions is D2).However,the trends turn to be consistent.That is to say,when R=4,the fractal dimensions would be the biggest,they may increase to 2.619 or 2.993.And,the pore size distribution curve of activated carbon can be expected to be found by using the method of Horvath-Kawazoe(H-K).The above facts also show that the fractal dimensions and the ultramicropore proportion are interactive by nature,in which,the latter would get improved as the former becomes bigger.And,finally,the ultramicropore proportion proves to be equal to 43.37 when the fractal dimension(D1)equals 2.619,so as for it to be rich in ultramicropore.Thus,the conclusion should be that the activated carbon made from Jatropha curcasl shell is good in adsorption on pore structure parameters and fractal dimensions,and the performance of the carbon would be the best when R=4.


Objective To investigate the significance of renal biopsy in clinical diagnosis and therapy in junior children suffered from various glomerulonephritis. Methods According to WHO's pathological classification of renal diseases combining with clinical data laboratory results diagnosis was put forward. Results There were 317 patients suffering from primary renal diseases 83 secondary renal diseases 12 acute renal failure and 18 hereditary/congenital renal diseases in the total number of 430 patients. 93 of them were minimal change diseases 249 proliferative glomerulonephritis 23 membranous glomerulopathy 14 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 12 endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis 16 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 5 acute tubule necrosis 1 congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type 1 infanfile renal modullary cystic disease 3 thin basement membrane diseases 10 Alport's syndrome 3 diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Conclusion Our data showed the renal diseases in junior children in China are primary The pathological types of renal disease are mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis minimal change disease/minor lesion membranous proliferative glomerulonephritis in turn. In addition a few cases are hereditary/congenital renal diseases is necessary in junior children.


Objective To test the possibility of evaluating early nerve regeneration by in vivo detection of the radioiodined axoplasm, and compare this method with the electromyography examination. Methods 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after nerve coaptation, 125 I Tyrosine was injected into the sciatic nerve trunk by a microsyringe. The radioactivity of each sample was detected in a γ counter in different interval,i.e. 8,12,16 hours after injection. The transportation character was determined and compared with the electromyographic investigation and the morphologic changes. Results The regenerating radioiodined axoplasm can be detected distal to the coaptation site 2 weeks after suturing. Radionuclide detection was earlier than the electromyography findings, and in accordance with the time when regenerating myelin sheath appears. Conclusions To evaluate nerve regeneration on early stage after nerve coaptation in vivo detection of radioiodined axoplasm is superior to electromyographic investigation.


The aim of this study is to evaluate a set of inbred lines and their hybrids and to determinate the phenotypic and genotypic parameters. In addition, identify the heterosis and combining ability for the studied traits in order to determine the best combinations and the ideal improvement strategy for hybrid production in squash. The experimental study was conducted at El-Baramoon Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute during the two summer season of 2016 and 2017. Six inbred lines selected from Eskandrani cultivar and fifteen F1 hybrids were evaluated for different traits. Significant differences were observed among the hybrids and their parents for all studied traits. Based on mid-parent heterosis, the hybrid (P5 x P6) gave the highest value for early yield per plant (98.51 %) followed by the hybrid (P1 x P4) (90.24%) for the same trait. While heterosis over better parent, the hybrid (P1 x P6) gave the highest value for early yield per plant (78.95 %) followed by the hybrid (P5 x P6) (73.91 %) for the same trait. Furthermore, the highest mid-parent hertrosis for total yield per plant was obtained by the hybrid P4 x P6 (75.0%) followed by P5 x P6 (60.38%) and P4 x P5 (59.65%). Otherwise, the largest heterosis over better parent for total yield per plant were expressed by P4 x P6 (61.77%) followed by P4 x P5 (46.77%) and P5 x P6 (37.10%), respectively. General combining ability (GCA) was significant or highly significant for all traits except for early yield per plant and shape index, specific combining ability was highly significant for all traits except for number of node female flower and early yield per plant. The estimated GCA/SCA mean squares revealed that the additive gene effects were the major effect in the inheritance of all studied traits, except for early yield per plant and vitamin C. Also, GCA estimates were larger than their corresponding estimates of SCA for most of the studied traits. The result illustrated that both additive and non-additive gene actions were positive for all studied traits. Heritability in broad sense ranged from 72.95 to 99.46 % for number of node female flower and total soluble solids, respectively. Also, heritability in narrow sense ranged from 28.49 to 81.94 % for number of leaves per plant and fruit shape index. The parent P1, P2 and P3 could be recommended as good combiners for average fruit weight, vitamin C, number of fruits per plant and total yield per plant whereas the P5 and P6 as promising parents for plant height, leaf area, number of leaves per plant , days to anthesis of female flowers, number of node of female flower and total soluble solids.


Surveillance of large geographic areas for "clusters" of adverse health events, particularly cancers, has interested statisticians and epidemiologists. Recent statistical research involves so-called "focused" clustering of disease, i.e. aggregation of incident cases of disease in the vicinity of prespecified, putative foci of increased risk. We introduce a statistical test of focused clustering with optimal, or near-optimal power properties. This test, and two other recent tests of focused clustering are illustrated and compared using leukemia incidence data for 1978–1982 in a region of upstate New York, with inactive hazardous waste sites containing trichloroethylene acting as the suspected foci. Once potential problem areas are identified, more localized methods may be applied.


For the first time ever were obtained new qualitative and quantitative data of impact of preliminary ultrathin grinding of metamorphism coals in the air field inside the mill-activator with percussion-grating principle of work (AGO-2) onto the processes of carbonization and posterior carbon dioxide activation.


In this letter, computer‐aided design models based on adaptive‐network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the synthesis of two coplanar stripline structures are presented.These coplanar stripline structures are micro‐coplanar stripline and asymmetric coplanar stripline with an infinitely wide strip. Four optimization algorithms, hybrid learning (HL), simulated annealing, least‐squares, and genetic, are used to determine optimally the design parameters of the ANFIS models. The results of ANFIS models are compared with the results of quasi‐static analysis, synthesis formulas available in the literature, a full‐wave electromagnetic simulator IE3D, and experimental works realized in this study. The results of ANFIS models agree with the results of other methods and experimental works. When the performances of ANFIS models are compared with each other, the best results for training and test are obtained from the models trained with HL algorithm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 54:460–467, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26530


A new method for locating the position of partial discharge (PD), which occurs on distribution line, is presented. The method uses the direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) of electromagnetic (EM) waves emitted from PD source. The DOAs of EM waves in azimuth and elevation angles are estimated by using the two‐dimensional improved coherent signal subspace method (2D I‐CSM). The position of PD can be located as the intersection of DOAs estimated at two points. In this paper, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is applied to simulate the propagation of EM waves emitted from PD, which occurs on distribution line. The proposed method is applied to locate the position of PD based on the simulation results. The method is shown to be useful for locating the position of PD in multipath environment. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


A simple and rather general mathematical model of the phenomenon of information is presented, followed by several examples and comments.


Floodplains and river corridor wetlands may be effectively managed for reducing nutrients and carbon. However, our understanding is limited to the reduction potential of these natural riverine systems. This study utilized the long-term (1978–2004) river discharge and water quality records from an upriver and a downriver location of the Atchafalaya River to quantify the inflow, outflow, and inflow–outflow mass balance of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN = organic nitrogen + ammonia nitrogen), nitrate + nitrite nitrogen (NO3 + NO2), total phosphorous (TP), and total organic carbon (TOC) through the largest river swamp basin in North America. The study found that, over the past 27 years, the Atchafalaya River Basin (ARB) acted as a significant sink for TKN (annual retention: 24%), TP (41%), and TOC (12%), but a source for NO3 + NO2 nitrogen (6%). On an annual basis, ARB retained 48,500 t TKN, 16,900 t TP, and 167,100 t TOC from the river water. The retention rates were closely and positively related to the river discharge with highs during the winter and spring and lows in the late summer. The higher NO3 + NO2 mass outflow occurred throughout spring and summer, indicating an active role of biological processes on nitrogen as water and air temperatures in the basin rise.


This report is a user`s manual for GRAFLAB, which is a new database, analysis, and plotting package that has been written entirely in the MATLAB programming language. GRAFLAB is currently used for data reduction, analysis, and archival. GRAFLAB was written to replace GRAFAID, which is a FORTRAN database, analysis, and plotting package that runs on VAX/VMS.


We had studied the purification and characterization of β-glucosidase from Lentinula edodes, and its activity of hydrolyzing genistin and daidzin. The beta-glucosidase was extracted from an edible mushrooms L. edodes fruiting body and concentrated 26.5-fold by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, followed by CM-Sephadex C-50 and Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography. The purified enzyme showed a single 66 kd band on SDS-PAGE. The optimal enzyme activity occurred at 60°C and pH 4.0 in hydrolysis of genistin, daidzin and p-NPG. The enzyme activity was completely inhibited by 5 mM Ag+, Cu2+ or Al3+, respectively. The enzyme had apparent the Km values of 0.347, 0.070 and 0.150 mM and Vmax values of 84878, 225 and 639 nkat•mg of protein-1 for the hydrolysis of p-NPG, genistin and daidzin, respectively, at 60°C and pH 5.0. All tested organic solvents inhibited the β-glucosidase activity on hydrolysis of genistin and daidzin. The hydrolysis efficiency of daidzin and genistin could come up to 97 and 92%, respectively with enough enzyme addition. These experiments demonstrate that β-glucosidase from L. edodes has high activities for hydrolysis of daidzin and genistin, and are likely to be used in the transformation of isoflavone glucosides into aglucones.

 Key words: Lentinula edodes, glucosidase, hydrolysis, daidzin, genistin.


420 Erciyes Med J 2019; 41(4): 420–4 • DOI: 10.14744/etd.2019.66199 ORIGINAL ARTICLE – OPEN ACCESS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Erkut Küçük , Kürşad Ramazan Zor , Uğur Yılmaz Causes of Blindness and Moderate to Severe Visual Impairment in Niğde, Central Anatolia, Turkey Objective: We investigated the causes of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) in the Niğde province of Turkey using the disability health board records of the Niğde State Hospital. Materials and Methods: The disability health board reports of Niğde State Hospital recorded between 2011 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The causes of blindness and MSVI were determined using the cause in the better-seeing eye, based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The overall, age-related, and gender specific causes of blindness and MSVI were identified. Results: During the study period, 335 subjects were recorded as blind and 381 subjects were recorded as having MSVI. The main causes of blindness were retinitis pigmentosa (14.6%), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (12.2%), and diabetic retinopathy (12.2%). In the MSVI group, the main causes were cataract (18.4%), AMD (16.5%), and diabetic retinopathy (13.9%). Conclusion: Retinitis pigmentosa, AMD, and diabetic retinopathy were the leading causes of blindness, and, in addition to these, cataract was a prominent cause of MSVI. The prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa was unexpectedly high in this region of Turkey, which may be due to the high frequency of consanguineous marriages that are commonly seen in Middle Eastern countries. This information is important for planning public health policies and raising public awareness of the visual impairment, given that several leading causes of visual impairment are reversible or preventable.


The temporal pattern of plasma corticosterone concentrations following electric shock was studied in 10-week old mice from two inbred strains (C57BL/10J and DBA/2) and their reciprocal crosses, half of which had been subjected to infantile stimulation. The roles of genotype, maternal factors, and handling were assessed as determinants of corticosteroid response to stress. Highly significant and opposing genetic and maternal effects interacted to limit extreme plasma corticosterone concentrations following stress. Infantile stimulation also acted to produce intermediate steroid responses.


The effect of geometry and material of the Micro/Nano particle on contact mechanic for manipulation was studied in this work based on atomic force microscopy. Hertz contact model simulation for EpH biological micro particle with spherical, cylindrical, and circular crowned roller shape was used to investigate the effect of geometry on contact simulation process in manipulation. Then, to validate the simulation results, they were compared to experimental ones. The results can be interpreted from two perspectives, first from the perspective of types of nanoparticles and second from the perspective of types of theories.To investigate the effect of the material of micro/nano particle in contact mechanic simulation process, spherical contact simulations of two EpH and C3T3 cells were compared with each other. EpH cells simulations with different geometries showed that the cylindrical shape estimation did not provide accurate response due to longer contact length. However, spherical and circular crowned roller estimations which had 19.6% and 15.6% difference from experimental results, respectively, had relatively accurate response. Therefore, selection of circular crowned roller geometry will produce more logical response. Also, the comparison of spherical contact simulation of EpH and C3T3 cells showed that C3T3 cell


IRMADIANI NUUR. Correlation of Water Quality Parameters on Feed Conversion Ratio of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannameii. Supervised by KUKUH NIRMALA and YUNI PUJI HASTUTI. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of water quality factor (temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and pH) in the morning and afternoon on feed conversion ratio of white shrimp culture. Research was performed using on 5 plots of white shrimp farm with total width of 5000 m2 per pond with stocking density of 400 000 post larva per pond at PL 12 stage. Water quality data obtained were temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and pH in morning and afternoon which were correlated with feed conversion ratio (FCR). The result showed that the correlation analysis which has close ties similarity closes to the water quality of the food conversion ratio is the temperature at morning and salinity 99,78% with the correlation at the morning r = -0,80 and salinity r = -0,78 (SK= 95%), the meaning of temperature at morning and salinity higher weft feed conversion ratio low. Therefore in order to avoid high temperature and salinity were then perfomed using windmills and the use of mixing between sea water and fresh water in shrimp ponds that are not reduced appetite.


Rectal cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and its incidence ranks third among all types of tumors. To investigate the differences in lipid metabolism between patients with rectal malignancies and healthy individuals, this study used the LIS information system to obtain a large amount of blood test data and used statistical software to perform correlation analysis. The data of the experimental group in this study came from the detection information of 502 patients with rectal cancer extracted by LIS. The data of the control group were obtained from the detection information of 1251 physical examiners. Human lipid metabolism is mainly expressed by indicators such as high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein AI and apolipoprotein B. This study found that the blood lipid index of healthy people was significantly higher than that of patients with rectal cancer. This study uses the medical information data extracted by LIS as the experimental object. Through comparative analysis, when the human body develops rectal cancer lesions, the lipid metabolism level of the body will decrease significantly. The evaluation of blood lipid metabolism can provide a theoretical reference for improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients with rectal cancer.


the potential for high cure rates and tissue preservation, which is especially important for minimizing deformity in this important anatomical area. To date, six cases have been treated with MMS (studies 20–22, 25, 26 and 29 in Table 1). To ensure negative tumour margins and spare as much normal tissue as possible, MMS was felt to be the treatment of choice for our patient. Patients should be followed up regularly postoperatively in view of the greater potential for metastasis than with BCC at other anatomical sites. Although NAC BCC is rare, it is important to recognize the potentially aggressive nature of these tumours if they are not managed appropriately. Once the diagnosis is made, MMS should be strongly considered as a treatment option for tumours at this high-risk location as a tissue-sparing measure to minimize deformity of this important anatomical area and to minimize the risk of recurrence.


.-A survey of museum specimens revealed large interspecific variability in the sex ratio in 14 species of North American gulls. In the three black-headed species, (Larus atricilla, L. pipixcan, and L. philadtl phia), females outnumbered males among prefledglings, but males outnumbered females among adults. ln the white-headed gulls, the male/female ratio in prefledglings did not vary significantly from 1.0 in any species. However, among first-year birds, females outnumbered males in 8 white-headed species. Among adults, the male/female ratio was < l.O in the Mew and Ring-billed gulls, > 1.0 in the Great Black-backed Gull, and = 1.0 in the other white-headed gulls. the


Despite its vital interests in the Middle East and the link between European and Middle East security, Europe has once more, now that the consequences of the oil crisis of the 1970s have long since receded, ceded the 'management' of Middle Eastern affairs to the US. The European Union (EU) has accepted the well-worn statement that Washington holds most of the cards in its own hands. This tendency has been reinforced by the EU's lack of a clear, common policy on foreign policy and security issues for most of the past two decades. The EU has continued to refine its experiment in regional cooperation in economic and social issues, or what is termed 'low politics', but has not given serious consideration to the issues of 'high politics', first and foremost foreign policy and security.


158 Background: A communication gap was identified at the Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario which resulted in oncologists at the cancer centre (CC) not consistently being informed when oncology patients (pt) were seen in the emergency room (ER). An automated IT notification system was developed to inform oncologists when their pt were seen in the ER.

METHODS
Pt who had been seen within 60 days in the CC were considered active. An IT notification system linked active CC visits and ER visits. A list was generated daily of pt that were both CC and in the ER and this was emailed through a secure system to treating oncologists. Following six months of usage an evaluation was performed which identified which pt were being seen in ER (by disease site, treatment regimen and other factors). A survey evaluated oncologist feedback regarding usefulness of this system.

RESULTS
From December 2014 to May 2015 notifications were analyzed. A total of 773 pt (12% of total active cancer patients) had an ER visit resulting in 1267 visits; 56% of pt had more than one visit. Thirty-three percent of visits result in admission to the hospital. The highest usage of the ER was palliative care (26% of pt) and hematology (29% of visits). The risk of dying in the three months following an ER visit was 20% as compared to < 2% for all pt seen in the ER during that time period. Sixty-three percent of the 41 oncologists responded to a survey. The majority used this notification system (85%) and found that the report improved patient care (87%). Oncologists typically used this information to check up on pt information on the electronic medical record and if appropriate visited pt that had been admitted to hospital.

CONCLUSIONS
Cancer pt who have an ER visit are now automatically being reported to the treating oncologists. This process has been able to identify at risk pt for ER visits and this information will be used to develop targeted measures for these high risk populations. The report is very popular with oncologists and is now considered standard practice at our CC.


Pesticide resistance seedling insect pests are formed usually during control insect pests.Pesticide resistance are might be overcome by measure of rotate to apply pecticide,mixs apply pecticide and swing in with synergist etc.