Urban Transformation refers to the significant change and transition in urban various fields and aspects,which is a comprehensive transformation with multi-field,multi-aspect,multi-level and multi-angle.In the past,China's urban development has mostly been on the road of extensive model,characterized by high growth,high consumption,high emission and high expansion.With this deve-lopment model,some problems have appeared in the process of China's urban development,such as the disorderly and inefficient development,the imbalanced urban-rural and regional development and the in-coordination of social development etc.,and obviously,this is not sustainable.At present,Chinese cities are experiencing in a new stage of accelerated and overall transformation.It must quickly realize the economic,social and ecological overall transformation,to establish a new mode of scientific development with low consumption,low emission,high efficiency,and harmonious and orderly development,taking the intensive,innovative,integrated,harmonious,green and characteristic development road.


Abstract:Louisa May Alcott depicts unruly women in the medical profession in her semi-autobiographical collection Hospital Sketches (1863) and the children's series novels Little Men (1871) and Jo's Boys (1886). This essay examines the relationship between generic constraints and representations of female unruliness, arguing that the generic inconsistency of Hospital Sketches shapes Alcott's depiction of involuntary bodily unruliness, while the rigid genre requirements of the children's series novel allow Alcott to portray a more intentional form of female unruliness. Alcott's two forms of unruliness are presented as models of resistance to traditionally feminine behaviors.


In this letter, we propose a three dimensional, interconnected alumina nano porous surface (ANPS), which shows significant critical heat flux (CHF) and a reduction of wall superheat. ANPS is versatile in morphology modifications such as thickness and pore diameter and is used to enhance heat transfer. Structurally well-defined, porous wicks are efficient to absorb and spread liquid into a porous matrix. To characterize various surface wetting environments, synthetic approaches of wetting and liquid absorption have been carried out. We have studied the quantitative evaluation of liquid uptake utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CHF augment trend is well matched with the amount of liquid absorbed into the porous media, pre-determined by the EIS.


This paper presents an innovative DC power generator scheme using the mixed-pole synchronous reluctance machine having two stator windings. The power windings deliver the DC power to the load, with the control windings acting as the vehicle for excitation. The excitation process is established by connecting the generated DC voltage to the machine's secondary windings through a DC-DC buck converter. This generator scheme is envisaged for stand-alone applications requiring regulated DC voltage or current and in charging batteries in electric automotive applications. The dynamic and steady-state models of the generator topologies are set forth and used to calculate steady-state performance characteristics, simulate starting transients and steady-state waveforms which compare favorably with experimental results.


Facebook website is famous among the different ages of peoples across the world. It gives platform for connecting people having different backgrounds, societies and communities to share the information. People of Sindh seem to be very much engaged in collective conviviality and intellectual activities. It has been observed that Facebook is responsible for the mutual conviviality and interpersonal communication and also influenced and affected on the collective activities in Sindh. Use of this type of networking sites is more strongly related to decreased time that spent with family and friends. This paper presents the positive and negative impacts of Facebook networking site. The data is collected in written form after requesting the people of Larkana to pass their valued comments. Maximum number of respondents argued Facebook website spread negative effects on collective conviviality.


"Wan-Wu-Yi-Ti"(The world as an organic whole) put forward by Cheng-hao was his best ideal realm of life.It embodied the spirit of natural life,which could be included in the intuitionist school.The idea was greatly affected by Buddhism and Daoism,so Mother Nature and life intuition were logically combined as if difference between them had been eliminated. The intuition in the way to his realm was displayed.


A coring device, made from standard plumbing parts, is discussed. It is particularly useful for sampling and maintaining the depth profile of the soft sediments underlying relatively shallow waters. The device uses an easily detachable, inexpensive coring tube which can be destroyed in segmenting the sample. A special coring tube into which chemically sensitive probes can be inserted for analyses of depth profiles is described.


This paper describes the method and process of obtaining navigation datum from the receiver by multithreading serial communication programming technology.


Stem segments of the seedlings and mature embryos of the rice cultivar "Zao Hui 402" were used as explants in somatic tissue culture.Stem segments had higher callus induction rate than mature embryos,but their green shoot differentiation percentage was very low.Pretreatment of the seedlings at 8℃ for 2~3 days significantly raised the green shoot differentiation percentage from the cultured stem segment explants,though their callus induction percentage was decreased to some extent.Desiccation pretreatment of the calli for 4~6 days prior to shoot differentiation markedly improved green shoot differentiation percentage.


Abstract This paper describes a system for analysing three-dimensional assembly models and extracting assembly related data. These data can be used for identification of part interdependencies in complex assemblies and for automatic generation of assembly strategies.


Objective:To approach the method and technological improvement of heterotopic heart transplantation in mouse.Methods:Heart transplanting models were established in 100SPF mice,including 50male BALB/c mice as the recipients and 50male C57mice as the donors,and all mice weighed between 20and 30g.The donor ascending aorta was sutured end-to-side to the recipient abdominal aorta and the donor pulmonary artery was anastomosed to the recipient inferior vena cava by the improved method.Survive time of transplanted hearts was recorded by daily abdominal palpation,and the grafts were harvested for pathological examination after mice were executed.Results:The survival rate of the model was 80%.Total operation time of the model was(90±10)min,and that of recipient was(72±3)min.The operation time of anastomosing artery was(21.5±2.5)min,and of that anastomosing vein was(20.5±5.5)min.Survival time of heart allografts were(7.9±0.7)days,and the rejection of pathological sections were in Grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ.Conclusion:The improved technique for heterotopic cardiac transplantation in mouse is more applicable in technique with high successful rate.


Fiqh as a product of thoughts always faces changes and developments. Similarly, NU's fiqh develops in line with NU communities' dynamics. Therefore, differences and diversities in NU fiqh must exist. In this context, the principle of al-mu h âfazhah 'ala al-qadim al-shâli h wa al-akhdz bi al-jadid al-ashla h , which is attributed to NU, compromise two contradictory sides, that are classical heritage (al-turâts al-qadim) , which becomes a source and base for NU religiosity, and changing forces of eras and communities (al-tajdid). This process, then, results in emergence of three groups in NU: the first accepts al-turâts as a final truth and a source for solving any problem in present communities, the second accepts al-turâts but it must be contextualized by considering communities' benefits, the third views al-turâts as out of date and irrelevant to the present contexts so that individual interpretation and judgment (ijtihad) is a must.


Reversible luminescence modulation upon photochromic reactions with excellent reproducibility was achieved from Eu(3+) doped Bi2.5Na0.5Nb2O9 multifunctional ferroelectrics. The material exhibits strong sensitivity to visible light or sunlight with fast response time without inducing any structural changes.


This study deals with H2 guaranteed cost control problem for discrete time nonlinear systems with parameter uncertainties. The Takagi and Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model with parameter uncertainties is employed to represent an uncertain discrete time nonlinear system. Based on the structural information in rule base, an output feedback controller design method is introduced. Sufficient conditions for the existence of H2 guaranteed cost output feedback controllers are given. Further more, a convex optimization problem with linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints is applied to design the suboptimal H2 guaranteed cost output feedback controller which minimizes the guaranteed cost of the closed-loop uncertain system. Numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Preface. Part 1. How Groups Learn and What They Learn. V.I. Sessa, M. London, Group Learning: An Introduction. S.W.J. Kozlowski, B.S. Bell, Team Learning, Development, and Adaptation. H. Arrow, J. Cook, Configuring and Reconfiguring Groups as Complex Learning Systems. R.S. Tindale, S. Stawiski, E. Jacobs, Shared Cognition and Group Learning. A.P.J. Ellis, C.O.L.H. Porter, S.A. Wolverton, Learning to Work Together: An Examination of Transactive Memory System Development in Teams. Part 2. Member, Group, and Organizational Factors Influencing Group Learning. K.A. Jehn, J. Rupert, Group Faultlines and Team Learning: How to Benefit from Different Perspectives. C.O.L.H. Porter, A Multilevel, Multiconceptualization Perspective of Goal Orientation in Teams. N. Zakaria, A. Amelinckx, D. Wilemon, Navigating Across Culture and Distance: Understanding Determinants of Global Virtual Team Performance. S.J. Zaccaro, K. Ely, M. Shuffler, The Leader's Role in Group Learning. Part 3. Learning Interventions. C.S. Burke, E. Salas, D. Diaz, The Role of Team Learning in Facilitating Team Adaptation Within Complex Environments: Tools and Strategies. E.A.J.A. Rouwette, J.A.M. Vennix, Team Learning on Messy Problems. D.P. Brandon, A.B. Hollingshead, Collaborative Knowledge and Training in Online Groups. J.A. Cannon-Bowers, C.A. Bowers, A. Sanchez, Using Synthetic Learning Environments to Train Teams. J. Silberstang, T. Diamante, Phased and Targeted Interventions: Improving Team Learning and Performance. Part 4. Assessment of Group Learning. K.C. Stagl, E. Salas, D.V. Day, Assessing Team Learning Outcomes: Improving Team Learning and Performance. T.L. Gessner, K.L. Langkamer, R.J. Klimoski, Research Designs for Assessing Group Learning.


The article is devoted to the issues of goal-setting in criminal proceedings. The authors believe that a special element of the legal technique of goal-setting at the level of the law is the method of forming the super-tasks of the criminal process. The authors called this technique «teleological ambitions of criminal justice». It is through this technique that the legislator confirms his commitment to the principle of the inevitability of punishment (responsibility).


Brief Reviews: Magnesium in Heart Muscle Print ISSN: 0009-7330. Online ISSN: 1524-4571 Copyright © 1973 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation Research doi: 10.1161/01.RES.33.4.367 1973;33:367-374 Circ Res. http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/33/4/367.citation World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the


An increasing number of parents, particularly those with socioeconomic advantages, have chosen to delay the school starting age of their children (i.e., academic "red-shirting"). However, a growing body of carefully identified empirical evidence provides mixed evidence on the conjectured human-capital benefits of such delays with much of the seeming benefits due merely to a delayed age at which tests are taken or to the incapacitation of older youth from risky behaviors. This study presents new evidence on whether school starting age influences student outcomes by relying on linked Danish survey and register data that include several distinct measures of noncognitive skills measured contemporaneously, with regard to age, for young students who may be in different grades. This study identifies the causal effects of delayed school enrollment using a regression discontinuity design based on exact dates of birth and the fact that children typically enroll in school during the calendar year in which they turn six. We find that a delayed school start dramatically reduces hyperactivity at ages 7 and 11, a measure with strong negative links to student achievement. However, the estimated effects on non-cognitive dimensions with weaker links to student achievement (emotion, conduct, peer relations, and social skills) are small and less persistent.


The concept of machi-zukuri (community/neighbourhood planning) has become widely used in recent years, both within the field of urban planning and in more general usage. It is seen as a radical departure from the conventional centralized, top-down, 'civil engineering' approach of Japanese urban planning ( toshi-keikaku ), or even as playing an important role in the regeneration of Japanese civil society over this period. Two case studies of machi-zukuri are examined, both in Kobe. One is a long-standing example of machi-zukuri in a district that has a long history of autonomous residents' activity.The second is a district that is being reconstructed after the 1995 Hanshin (Kobe) Earthquake. Planning in the former case has exhibited radical differences from the conventional top-down model. However, in the latter case study, it is argued that the local government has appropriated the rhetoric of machi-zukuri , and that this case study is not fundamentally different from the conventional model.


The Rapid Airfield Damage Recovery (RADR) Next Generation Backfill Technology Comparison Experiment was conducted in July 2017 at the East Campus of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), located in Vicksburg, MS. The experiment evaluated three different crater backfill technologies to compare their performance and develop a technology trade-off a nalysis. The RADR next generation backfill technologies were compared to the current RADR standard backfill method of flowable fill. Results from this experiment provided useful information on technology rankings and trade-offs. This effort resulted in successful crater backfill solutions that were recommended for further end user evaluation.


This research is conducted to know the significant effect of service quality variable and price to consumer purchase decision of UMM Bookstore. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 100 respondents who have bought a book at UMM Bookstore using a questionnaire for data collection. The analysis tool used Double Linear Regression is used to test the effect of independent variables on dependent variables. The results showed that service quality and price had a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions because it had a significant value smaller than 0.05 (<0.05).


Fayum anthropoids ranged in body size from about 600 g to about 6,000 g. A similar range of body size is found among extant Cebidae. The Fayum primates are larger than any extant insectivorous primates; this fact probably rules out a predomi nantly insectivorous diet. The molar morphology of these animals is consistant with a frugivorous diet. Parapithecus grangeri stands apart from the other species in having better developed molar shearing, possibly indicating that it had more plant fiber in its diet. Relative orbit size suggests that Apidium may have been diurnal; orbit size for the other species is either unknown or cannot be interpreted. Aegyptopithecus had a relatively small brain by comparison with extant anthropoids, but had considerably reduced olfactory bulbs, and enhanced visual cortex, at a grade of organization comparable to that of extant anthropoids.


This true story tells that patients' good impression of the hospital or the medical staff comes from the feelings in multiple aspects.People may form a direct judgment on something through a single sense or a mixture of senses. We call this integral cognition perception. Perception is psychological, but direct judgment is physiological. A certain opinion on the hospital formed by the patients will lead to mixed perception. The hospitals need to take great efforts in multiple aspects to give patients and residents a good impression of the institution. It is important to note that people's satisfaction is not based on a comprehensive evaluation of a hospital in multiple aspects. Patients are not a consulting institution, and their satisfactory or unsatisfactory impression merely comes from their attention to details. For example, a patient may be very grateful or resentful towards a doctor due to one small action.


Inferiors revolt in order that they may be equal; equals revolt in order that they may be superior (Aristotle, 322BC). Teachers and researchers have long recognized that students tend to misunderstand the equal sign as an operator, that is, a signal for "doing something" rather than a relational symbol of equivalence or quantity sameness (Behr, Erlwanger, & Nichols 1980; National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2000; Sáenz-Ludlow & Walgamuth, 1998; Thompson & Babcock, 1978). Students' equal sign misconception has been researched for more than thirty years (Weaver, 1971,1973) with little refinement in the theory. It was popularly believed that younger students were not developmental ly ready to work variations of open numbers sentences, such as missing addend problems (Thompson & Babcock, 1978). In fact, misconceptions about the equal sign were identified in kindergarten students even before formal instruction (Falkner, Levi, & Carpenter, 1999). However, it is clear that with specific instructional guidance, elementary students can understand the equal sign expresses a relation (Baroody & Ginsburg, 1983; Carpenter, Levi, & Farnsworth, 2000; Saenz-Ludlow & Walgamuth, 1998). These previous studies did not employ random selection, examine the phenomenon internationally, or explore how materials used with elementary teachers prepare them to teach the equal sign. A major benefit of international comparisons is that cross-cultural comparisons lead to more explicit understanding of one's own implicit theories about how children learn mathematics (Stigler & Perry, 1988). We examined variables that could contribute to students' equivalence misconception and whether the 86 equal sign misconception was still manifest in a U.S. sample and present in a Chinese sample. First, six Ü. S. methods books were chosen and examined to determine what strategies were being presented to prepare U.S. elementary preservice teachers (PTs) to teach equivalence and the equal sign to their future students. Strategies ranged from nothing at all (Smith, 2001 ), to a single paragraph (Cathcart, Pothier, Vance, & Bezuk, 2006; Reys, Linquist, Lamdbin, Smith, & Suyday, 2004; Van de Walle, 2004), to an activity (Tucker, Singleton, & Weaver, 2006). Seemingly, the authors of these textbooks expect that PTs understand the issues related to the equal sign and the implications for their students. Both Reys et al. (2004) and Van de Walle (2004) alert PTs to the common misconception that the equal sign means "the answer is next." Both authors dutifully inform readers that using the calculator reinforces the equal sign misconception since the answer comes after the equal sign is pressed. To counteract this misconception, a balance scale can help students develop the correct conceptual understanding of equality and the equal sign (Reys et al., 2004). Van de Walle (2004) suggests that teachers should use the phrase "is the same as" (p. 139) instead of "equals" as students read number sentences.


Abstract 섬연주.이미선 연세대학교 보건과학대학 재활학과 이윤주 연세대학교 대학원 재활학과 물리치료전공 Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Laser at Auricular Points on Experimental Cutaneous Pain Threshold Sim Youn-ju, B.H.Sc., R.P.T. Lee Mi-sun, B.H.Sc., R.P.T. Dep t. of Rehab iIi tation , College of Health Science , Yonsei University Lee Yun-ju, B.H.Sc., R.P.T. Dep t. of Rehab iIi tation , The Graduate Schoo l, Yonsei University The purposes of this study were 1) to determine the changes between pre-treatment and post-treatment of four groups of 15 persons each and 2) to compare the effect of conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) and laser at auricular acupuncture points on experimental pain threshold measured at the wrist. Sixty healthy adult men and women(M:32 , F:28) , aged 20 to 28 years , wete assigned randomly to one of four groups. Group 1 received TENS to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain, Group 2 received laser to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain, Group 3 received placebo TENS to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain


The internal consistency and structure of questions of the life-meaning orientations test - the most popular tool for measuring the consciousness of life and the existential orientation of a person - have been studied. Its diagnostic value is undeniable, but the procedure for distributing assessments by subscales raises a number of questions: some items are included in two or three scales at once, and the content of individual items does not correspond to the characteristics of the subscale in which they are included. The vagueness of the factorial structure is explained by the fact that the methodology is based on a one-dimensional approach, which initially did not imply the differentiation of individual components. A survey of 93 students aged 17-24 was carried out, while two versions of the keys to the method, published in 2000 and 2020, were used in parallel. The general indicator of students' life awareness has an average interval of 103.16 ± 18.73, is characterized by a normal distribution and high internal consistency. The factorial structure of variables is not similar to any of the models previously described in methodological sources. The measurement of the meaningfulness of life in the student sample is influenced by five factors that together determine 62.7% of the empirical distribution: 1) the existential fullness of the personality's existence; 2) a sense of controllability and orderliness of life; 3) the success of self-identification (awareness of oneself, one's goals and life purpose); 4) a positive and open perception of one's own life; 5) joyful expectations from the future. The obtained factors only partially reflect the structure of LSS as a mental education of a higher order. First of all, they reveal the peculiarities of understanding their own life in the student population. The study asks the question of the psychological factors that determine the existential characteristics of a person at different stages of life.


Abstract The economic activity generates two types of flows: flows of goods and services and cash flows. These two types of flows generate two types of circuits in the economy, flows of goods and services generate the circuit corresponding to real economy and monetary flows (incomes and expenditures) generate the monetary - financial circuit. The monetary circuit is fundamentally determined by the level and structure of real economy. Comparing production revenue used for consumption with the amount of products and services produced and purchased, an average pricing is obtained. Unless the condition that the revenues generated in the economy are equal to production, it will lead to rising prices, i.e., inflation. Therefore, an adequate correlation between financial flows and real economy must be ensured. From this perspective, were analysed countries from European Union over time, using panel analysis.


Information systems are designed, constructed, and used by people. Therefore, a software design process is not purely a technical task, but a complex psycho-socio-technical process embedded within organizational, cultural, and social structures. These structures influence the behavior and products of the programmer's work such as source code and documentation. This chapter (1) discusses the non-technical (organizational, social, cultural, and psychological) aspects of software development reflected in program source code; (2) presents a taxonomy of the social disciplines of computer science; and (3) discusses the socio-technical software analysis methods for discovering the human, organizational, and technical aspects embedded within software development artifacts.


We present URDF, an efficient reasoning framework for graph-based, nonschematic RDF knowledge bases and SPARQL-like queries. URDF augments first-order reasoning by a combination of soft rules, with Datalog-style recursive implications, and hard rules, in the shape of mutually exclusive sets of facts. It incorporates the common possible worlds semantics with independent base facts as it is prevalent in most probabilistic database approaches, but also supports semantically more expressive, probabilistic first-order representations such as Markov Logic Networks. As knowledge extraction on theWeb often is an iterative (and inherently noisy) process, URDF explicitly targets the resolution of inconsistencies between the underlying RDF base facts and the inference rules. Core of our approach is a novel and efficient approximation algorithm for a generalized version of the Weighted MAX-SAT problem, allowing us to dynamically resolve such inconsistencies directly at query processing time. Our MAX-SAT algorithm has a worst-case running time of O(jCjjSj), where jCj and jSj denote the number of facts in grounded soft and hard rules, respectively, and it comes with tight approximation guarantees with respect to the shape of the rules and the distribution of confidences of facts they contain. Experiments over various benchmark settings confirm a high robustness and significantly improved runtime of our reasoning framework in comparison to state-of-the-art techniques for MCMC sampling such as MAP inference and MC-SAT. Keywords


The experimental methods of psychology provides a basis of computer vision simulation, because it can reveal the law of human visual information processing. The shape and color are important features of stimulations, which are very crucial for the identification of stimulations. This study is based on the experimental psychology and BP neural networks, use experimental methods of reaction time measurements and feature extraction methods of the BP neural network, by the experiment of identifying three groups of geometric images of the same color in different shapes, the same shape in different colors and shape and color are both different, and attempt to explore the relationships of affect of the stimulus recognition between shape features and color features of stimulations in the visual information process. Comparing and analyzing the experimental results getting from the experimental psychology methods, we can find that: in the image feature recognition, recognizing the shape feature is faster than the color feature. And the same experimental results obtained by BP neural network simulation.


As an important grammatical phenomenon,conversion has been studied for a long time. Conversion is the derivational process whereby an item changes its word-class without the addition of an affix. By conversion,a word can get new meanings and usages. By comparing the similarities and differences between English and Chinese converted words,people can get insights into English and Chinese lexical teaching and learning and deepen their understanding of two languages,decreasing cross-cultural pragmatic failures and promoting the integration of eastern and western cultures.


The NFER conducted three pieces of research for the Local Government Group which focused on parents' and young people's views on residential education, local authority perceptions of how young people and their families will be affected by the Government's proposals, and transition of young people with SEN to adult life and services. This report focuses on residential education and suggests that while parents value the opportunities afforded by residential education, they found the placement process could be stressful.


Today's corporations are using information movement and management to gain strategic advantage in the increasingly competitive business world. They are putting new processing power in departments and on desk tops, while using centralized systems to handle corporate data. Their challenge is to find ways to obtain the cost benefits of new technology without disrupting current operations and systems. This paper describes networked computing — AT&T's response to this challenge. This solution combines standard, digital network transport, open connectivity, a uniform computing environment, and unified network management. It permits customers to integrate their current networks with a single network with centralized network management, and to add new applications as needed. We also give examples of banking and airline industry applications of AT&T's solution.


Acknowledgements. Introduction to the second edition. Part I Before the Journey's Commencement. 1 Pasts and peoples. 2 Experiences and observations. 3 Medication: constraints and consequences. 4 Physiology of pain in labour (Dr Jennifer M. Tocher). Part II Beginning the Journey. 5 Childbirth education. 6 Pain in pregnancy. Part III The Journey. 7 Labour pain. 8 'Working with pain': non-pharmacological methods. 9 Pain relief: pharmacological methods. Part IV The Journey's End. 10 Postnatal pain. 11 Fetal/neonatal pain. 12 Conclusion. References. Index.


The current European Union and international context is increasingly stressing the process of EU integration to the point of threatening the existence of the EU itself. In such circumstances, the EU and Member States regional policies goal of how to generate a process of convergence conducive to benefits to all the EU citizens and not to a mere quantitative convergence of the regional income per capita is increasingly linked to other areas of economic and social development and policy, such as the resilience of national and regional economies to shocks, sustainable development and climate change mitigation, securing an adequate balance between globalization and local development, etc. In the economic literature, the theories of convergence and divergence examine the reasons for diminishing or increasing disparities between the rich and the poor regions, while the economic resilience of regions/locations deals with their capability to record economic growth accompanied by social inclusion, environment protection and rapid recovery after shocks. Though differently, both concepts may reveal both the long-term adaptability and the capability of the social and economic milieu and government institutions of a region/location to respond to short-term pressures and recover and resume development after different shocks. In such a context, based on the concept of real convergence and resilience, the paper presents an analysis of these processes in the EU (more precisely, in the New Member States) and Romanian regions, by using a joint set of indicators chosen as to assess the two processes together. The results reveal different convergence and resilience patterns both in the EU and Romanian regions, the regional economies adapting differently to the challenging EU and international economic environment, generally conditional on their development level. However, especially regarding the productivity patterns, the situation seems worrisome for the laggard regions, both more or less developed, including most of the Romanian regions. While being in line with the findings of other studies on the economic development of the Member States regions, the results also reveal certain peculiarities of the ongoing development processes in the EU and Romanian regional economies. All these call both for adequate implementation of the existing national general and development policies, as well as of the EU regional policy, and for finding new policy measures and actions to deal with the existing and future economic and social challenges and threats.


Semiconductor gas sensors can be widely used in food industry and agriculture. Measurements of ethylene concentration in vegetable stores and greenhouses allow the control of fruit ripening, whereas detection of H2S, mercaptans, amines may be used to control of meat, fish and vegetable freshness. In this work we present a new generation of semiconductor gas sensors based on the combination of micromachined silicon substrates [1] and highly sensitive layer of ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO nanoparticles displaying 3 different morphologies (cloudy-like structures, size controlled isotropic particles and nanorods (Fig. 1)) were obtained through the controlled hydrolysis reaction of an organometallic precursor, namely the biscyclohexyl zinc, in the presence of various levels of long-chain amines surfactants [2]. ZnO nanopowders were deposited by a generic ink-jet method on low power consumption silicon substrates. High quality and micron thick layers have been obtained with a low defect level (no cracks, no delamination). The sensor responses to reducing gases (CO, propane, ammonia, ethylene, and acetaldehyde) have been studied in relation with the morphology of ZnO nanocrystals. Cloudy-like ZnO sensors showed a high response to ammonia vapors (20 ppm), whereas isotropic nanoparticles possessed the highest response to acetaldehyde gas (10ppm) and nanorods based layers displayed a higher sensitivity to ethylene (50ppm). These variations can be associated with the different ratios of crystalline faces exposed to reactive gases. These results open the route to the fabrication of a multisensor system based on pure ZnO nanoparticles with different shapes for the detection of reducing gases in complex mixtures.


Software testing is a critical and essential part of software development that consumes maximum resources and effort. The construction of models to predict faulty classes can help and guide the testing community in predicting faulty classes in early phases of software development. It is important to analyze and compare the predictive accuracy of machine learning classifiers. The aim of this paper is to find the relation of object oriented metrics and fault proneness of a class. We have used seven machine learning and one logistic regression method in order to predict faulty classes. The results of our work are based on data set obtained from open source software. The results show that the predictive accuracy of machine learning technique LogitBoost is highest with AUC of 0.806. Keywords— object oriented metrics, software testing, machine learning techniques, Fault prediction, Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis, open source software.


The charm of Dr. Albright's presentations is that he not only presents some of the facts that they have discovered, but he also tells us how they may be interpreted. Kenneth Thompson Fuller Albright (1900-1969) is known, if known at all, among the present generation of medical students as the first to describe a rare form of bone disease, Albright osteodystrophy. Knowledgeable residents and junior faculty may also be aware of his pioneering descriptions of parathyroid diseases. However, few recognize how far his interests ranged across the then new and fertile field of endocrinology and metabolism and how monumental were his achievements. In a brief introductory note to his bibliography [1], Albright wrote, In my opinion, my contributions divide themselves into two groups: (a) clinical descriptions and (b) elucidations of pathological physiology. In category (a), by my count, he, along with his students and associates, described de novo or made definitive contributions to the delineation of an astonishing 14 major syndromes over a 20-year period [2]. In category (b), Dr. Albright excelled as well. He was one of the pioneers in the burgeoning sciences of human physiology and pathophysiology. Characteristically, he would identify some measuring stick, either in the laboratory or at the bedside, and then use it to test some pathophysiologic hypothesis. I have elected to single out and to describe in some detail his exploration of the workings of the adrenal cortex because his efforts in this area serve to illuminate the synergistic interactions between bedside medicine and basic science. At the same time, these studies provide elegant and instructive examples of how an astute clinical observer can unravel complex hormonal and metabolic interactions. The Cushing Syndrome Albright's strongly held concept of parathyroid action was based on his investigation of a single patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism [3]. In contrast, Albright cast a wide net in initiating his studies of adrenocortical abnormalities. He and his associates measured something in a spectrum of patients with endocrine disorders and then focused on those in whom there was an unexpected aberrant result. Their findings were reported in three papers, all published in 1941. In the first of these [4], a survey of changes in carbohydrate metabolism in several endocrine diseases, Albright and his colleagues showed that the Cushing syndrome was characterized by impaired glucose tolerance and decreased insulin sensitivity, the latter measured by the glucose-insulin tolerance test. In the second paper [5], the Boston group surveyed the changes in the 24-hour urinary excretion of neutral 17-ketosteroids, which was thought to be a rough measure of androgen secretion, in a similarly wide variety of endocrine abnormalities. One hundred thirty-five patients were tested and more that 1500 assays were done. By simply examining mean 17-ketosteroid values in pertinent disease states, Albright adduced convincing evidence that urinary 17-ketosteroids were the end-products of secretions from not only the testes but also the adrenal glands. He reasoned that because normal 17-ketosteroid excretion averaged 14 mg in men and only 9 mg in women, it was likely that 9 mg was secreted from the adrenal glands and 5 mg from the testes. He predicted correctly that among patients with Addison disease, women would excrete essentially no 17-ketosteroids and men would excrete only about 5 mg per 24 hours. Similarly, he found that patients with panhypopituitarism and loss of both adrenal and gonadal function showed negligible urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion. He concluded, again correctly, that the contribution of the ovaries to 17-ketosteroid excretion must be small because he found no change from normal urinary excretion values in patients who were surgically castrated or had undergone natural menopause. Albright also clearly asserted that all forms of the Cushing syndrome were caused by hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex. Although this assertion is for us an endocrinologic truism, in 1941 it was a bold effort to dispel a decade of confusion. Cushing, in his ground-breaking report of 1932 [6], tentatively concluded that the syndrome was due to pituitary basophilism because 2 of his 12 patients had shown only pituitary basophilic adenomas at autopsy. Whether the adrenal cortex was also involved was uncertain, although 1 patient had an adrenal adenoma and another had adrenal hyperplasia. Cushing's view was challenged 3 years later by Oppenheimer and colleagues [7], who concluded that adrenal changes are practically essential for the development of the clinical features of basophilism. Others did not clarify matters when they suggested that the adrenal overactivity might stimulate the growth of pituitary basophils, and the waters were muddied further by the conclusion of Heinbecker [8] that either an adrenal tumor or hypofunction of paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei may be primary causes of the basophil degeneration which in turn is the immediate cause of Cushing's syndrome. Still another confounding factor was the variation in histologic findings in the adrenal glands. These findings included tumors, both adenomas and carcinomas, bilateral hyperplasia, and, most puzzling, instances in which the adrenal glands were found to be histologically normal. Albright maintained that normal or not, such adrenal glands were hyperfunctioning. (At the time of these discussions it was not known that the Cushing syndrome could also result from ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] production, although Albright must be credited with proposing the concept of tumoral ectopic hormone production in his description of a patient with hypercalcemia accompanying a hypernephroma [9].) Although contemporary investigators [10-12] agreed that some cases of the Cushing syndrome were attributable to adrenal hyperfunction it was Albright who cut the Gordian knot by insisting that all cases were caused by adrenal overactivity regardless of whether histologic abnormalities of the adrenal glands were shown or whether a pituitary tumor was present. Several years later [13], Albright happily accepted the suggestion of Kessel that the term Cushing's disease is reserved for those cases in which a basophil tumor of the pituitary is present, whereas the term Cushing's syndrome is used for the syndrome as a whole. Having cleared the etiologic air, at least to his own satisfaction, Albright turned his attention to his favorite preoccupation: pathophysiology. The third paper, published in 1941 [14], was devoted to the treatment of the Cushing syndrome with testosterone. Albright pointed out that although the 24-hour urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids was greatly elevated in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma, it was only slightly elevated in patients with adrenal hyperplasia and, finally, that the measurement of urinary cortin in J.S.L. Browne's laboratory showed definite elevations. (It is unusual that Albright, such a sharp-eyed clinician, never recorded the differentiating observation that patients with pituitary adenoma showed typical Addisonian pigmentation of the skin but that patients with adrenocortical tumor did not.) When considering the pathogenesis of the Cushing syndrome, Albright drew heavily on the seminal studies of Long [15], who showed with irrefutable clarity that adrenocortical hormone enhanced protein catabolism through a process of gluconeogenesis from protein, with a resulting impairment of carbohydrate metabolism. Albright asked the rhetorical question, Are not many features of the Cushing syndrome the result of protein shortage? He responded with a resounding Yes, singling out muscular weakness, thinning of the skin, easy bruisability and osteoporosis. If the Cushing syndrome were indeed a state of hypergluconeogenesis, Albright reasoned that patients would improve when treated with an anabolic hormone. Again, his conjecture was found to be correct; long-term testosterone therapy was clearly efficacious: All the patients gained in weight and strength, their abdomens became less protuberant, the skin noticeably thicker and, with the disappearance of the reddish hue, they bruise less easily. The salutary effect of testosterone in the treatment of the Cushing syndrome was confirmed in the laboratory of J.S.L. Browne [13], but this form of therapy never gained much acceptance; surgical approaches remain predominant. Albright reviewed his findings on the Cushing syndrome in a 1943 Harvey lecture [13]. He credited Long with the importance of adreno-cortical hormone. in converting proteins and hence tissues into sugar (gluconeogenesis). Albright suggested the term S hormone (today's cortisol) to designate this sugar hormone. He pointed out that osteoporosis was the result of protein depletion rather than a disease of calcium metabolism and that an excess of S hormone would therefore lead to a decrease in bone density by depleting the proteinaceous bone matrix. He emphasized the fact that testosterone was more than just a stimulator of sexual organ growth; it promoted a generalized somatic anabolic effect. He was struck by Browne's observations of a patient with an interstitial cell testicular cancer. This individual had a 17 ketosteroid excretion of over 1000 mgs. per 24 hours and (failed) right up to his death, to lose weight or to become debilitated in spite of extensive metastases. Finally, Albright showed, using the elegant but arduous metabolic balance studies for which he was famous, that treatment with testosterone resulted in both the production of a strikingly positive nitrogen balance in these patients with the Cushing syndrome and the previously mentioned considerable improvement in their clinical state. He went on to speculate about the mode of action of the S hormone. He rejected the obvious possibility that the S hormone provoked a direct protein catabolic effect because baseli


Time dependence of magnetization in ferromagnetic materials was first described towards the end of the 19th century. Subsequently, two types of mechanisms responsible for time dependent behavior were identified and became known as ''diffusion'' and ''fluctuation'' after‐effect or viscosity. The former depends on thermally induced motion of impurity atoms. The latter is a consequence of thermal activation of irreversible domain processes such as domain‐wall motion and the nucleation of domains of reverse magnetization. Fluctuation viscosity affects, to a greater or smaller extent, all magnetic materials subject to hysteresis. In the late 1940s descriptions of magnetic viscosity in terms of fluctuation fields (Neel) and activation energy distributions (Street and Woolley) were developed. The two approaches will be described. An analysis of the time dependent phenomena exhibited by magneto‐optical films will be presented as a simple example of the application of activation energy modeling.


Objective To investigate direct medical expenses and their constitutions of tuberculosis( TB) patients in Baoan District,Shenzhen City,to provide a basis for establishing and perfecting tuberculosis control strategy and optimizing the allocation of medical resources. Methods All TB patients who were registered and completed the treatment in the Chronic Diseases Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Baoan District from 2008 to 2012 were investigated. The data such as demographic characteristics,therapy and classification,diagnosis,and therapy management were collected from TB management information system and expense information system. A multiple linear regression model was employed to analyze influential factors of TB treatment expenses. Results A total of 5 985 TB patients aged( 31. 05 ± 10. 88) years( mean ± SD) were included in the study. Of them,63. 86%( 3 822 /5 985) were males,36. 14%( 2 163/5 985) were females,and 94. 72%( 5 669/5 985) were floating population. The median of outpatient medical expenses was RMB 2 596. 10 Yuan,in which the mean expenses of examination,supportive drugs,other drugs,and other fees were 1 512. 14( 56. 81%),627. 50( 24. 33%),348. 80( 17. 02%), and 43. 75( 1. 84%) Yuan,respectively. Nonlocal,retreatment,and smear-negative patients had higher medical expenses than local,initial treatment,and smear-positive patients,respectively( P 0. 01 for all). Multiple linear regression showed that nonlocal patients had ligher medical expenses than local patients( β = 0. 017,P 0. 01),retreatment patients had higher expenses than initial treatment ones( β = 0. 093,P 0. 01),smear-positive patients at the end of two months had higher expenses than smear-negative ones( β = 0. 048,P 0. 01),and patients with pulmonary cavity had higher expenses than those without pulmonary cavity( β = 0. 043,P 0. 01). Conclusion Examination expenses largely accounted for the total outpatient medical expenses of TB patients in Baoan District,Shenzhen. The medical expenses varied in different types of TB patients.


This paper introduces a way to predict the electric oven's parameter.And The control algorithm is alsopresented.This way doesn't need to add relay characteristic,it can realities to self setting up PID parameter.The MATLAB simulation results indicates that this kind of system have very good robustness.


We report the first astronomical detection of a far-IR emission line at (69.524 ± 0.008) μm from aboard the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO). We tentatively assign this line to the R-branch transition 43− → 33+ of H3O+. The wavelength of the discovered line lies between -112 and -60 km s-1 from predicted values. The position at which the emission line was detected is located about 20'' north of Orion BN, which is close to the shocked molecular hydrogen peak 1. We exclude hot shocked gas as the possible origin of the H3O+ emission. Hydrogen densities of ≳5 × 108 cm-3 and temperatures ≳100 K are required to match the observed integrated intensity of the 70 μm line. A speculative explanation for the 70 μm H3+O emission is that it might originate from very dense clumps.


A new efficient numerical technique has been formulated for dimensional reduction and phenomenological multi-scale simulation of additive manufacturing processes using finite element analysis. This technique is demonstrated using prismatic build volumes to represent the Selective Laser Melting powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process. The Eigen modes determined as an outcome of implementation of this technique will help to reduce the time necessary for optimization of process parameters and closed loop control. In addition to thermal simulations of the Selective Laser Melting process, this technique is also applicable to the simulation of lattice structures, layered materials such as ultrasonically consolidated laminates, thin walled coatings and development of high fidelity beam and plate theories for parts made using additive manufacturing processes. A future integration of this method with analytical Eigen wavelets will provide infinite support compared to finite support provided by directional polynomial shape functions currently used for implementation of finite element strategies. The present Eigen modes will be also useful in analysis and optimization of mask projection based additive manufacturing processes. Introduction Additive manufacturing has been on the forefront of innovations in engineering and has immense potential to revolutionize manufacturing. The major factors that are critical to any manufacturing technology are geometrical accuracy, mechanical properties of the produced part and process speed. These factors are important for additive manufacturing processes as well and improvement in any of these areas can lead to better optimized and reduced cost products. Process optimization based on these factors requires a good understanding of the physics and process behavior involved. The process behavior includes variation of mechanical and thermal variables across the part domain. Process behavior also depends on the part geometry and machine parameters. Simulations can help achieve real time optimization of process parameters and closed loop control. However, real time optimization requires fast simulations to be able to work at the speed of the machine. In the present work a new fast and memory efficient numerical solver for the Finite Element Method (FEM) is presented for processes involving prismatic process domains including, for instance, the full powder bed in the case of Selective Laser Melting. Selective Laser Melting SLM is an important additive manufacturing process in which a laser beam selectively melts a powder bed layerby-layer to build a complex three dimensional geometry (see Figure 1). SLM has found many applications in complex aerospace parts and biomedical implants. The accuracy and microstructure of the parts manufactured in the process can be improved with better control of machine input parameters. Input parameters for SLM include beam power, scan speed, hatch pattern, recoat time and powder layer thickness. Optimization of beam power, scan speed and hatch pattern, in particular, affect the thermal behavior of the powder bed and the melt pool shape. The Melt pool shape has a significant impact on the final geometry of the built part. The thermal behavior of the full powder bed is also important from the perspective of thermal cooling rates during solidification, which determines the microstructures and phases in the final part. A detailed literature review of this area has been performed [1]. A recently developed multi-scale simulation framework known as Feed Forward Adaptive Mesh Refinement and De-refinement (FFD-AMRD) [2,3] is used in the present work for various simulations and is also used as a part of the proposed simulation framework.


Photovoltaic system (PV) has nonlinear characteristics which are affected by changing the climate conditions and, in these characteristics, there is an operating point in which the maximum available power of PV is obtained. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is the artificial intelligent based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for obtaining the maximum power point (MPP). In this method, defining the logical rule and specific range of membership function has the significant effect on achieving the best and desirable results. This paper presents a detailed comparative survey of five general and main fuzzy logic subsets used for FLC technique in DC-DC boost converter. These rules and specific range of membership functions are implemented in the same system and the best fuzzy subset is obtained from the simulation results carried out in MATLAB. The proposed subset is able to track the maximum power point in minimum time with small oscillations and the highest system efficiency (95.7%). This investigation provides valuable results for all users who want to implement the reliable fuzzy logic subset for their works.


Electronic equipment for complex digital payloads have become increasingly more sophisticated incorporating thousands of ASICs with intensive interconnect between them. Most of these ASICs have to be monitored and controlled to satisfy the mission operational requirements. One scheme for implementing this is by connecting all these ASICs using a reliable network and interconnect such as SpaceWire. The ASIC in the system act as nodes which include their own SpaceWire routers. The testing and validation of the all electrical interconnects in such a complex system becomes a major contributor to increasing the schedule and cost of a project. Therefore built in self test, embedded test, strategies have been employed to alleviate these issues. Traditionally IEEE Std 1149.1(JTAG) Boundary scan testing standard has been used to implement embedded test. Components in the system have to be daisy chained and driven by the JTAG control bus in parallel. Such an architecture has a number of limitations: Firstly, a faulty ASIC within a daisy chain will prevent testing of the whole chain. Secondly the parallel JTAG control bus puts undesirable constraints on the design of reliable systems. To overcome these limitations, and make the boundary scan test infrastructure transparent and independent of the design of the system under test, a generic chainless boundary scan architecture has been developed. This architecture is well suited to systems which use SpaceWire networks. This paper proposes a dual function for the SpaceWire network. One, to facilitate the performance of embedded test. The other, is its standard role in communicating data and commands between nodes. A UK patent [1] application has been filed covering the method, architecture and technology described in this paper.


is, the analysis of the are discussed. the the the language. In terms of cultural attributes, to the cultural category of Social life characteristics are completely different from and other cultural in the Empire. From the perspective of is a a military absorbed of and through was completely as a a the the the


A detailed characterization is carried out on a typical cross flow fan used in the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) industry, in order to understand the fan design in detail. The study is carried out numerically by use of the software FLUENT and followed by experimental validation. Appropriate grid size selection has done, the RMS error is less than 7%. From the study, it is concluded that the thickness of the blade determines the total flow area and flow rate delivered. When the internal blade angle is at 90°, shock free entry is incurred and maximum flow rate can be achieved. The external blade angle should be within 20 to 45 degrees, to avoid rapid drop of pressure coefficient and efficiency. Lastly, the formation of the eccentric vortex zone inside the cross flow fan and flow field pattern are observed. The forming location and size of the zone determines the total air flow rate delivered and the amount of flow leakage through the tongue. Thus, the efficiency of the fan is highly sensitive to the flow structure in this zone.


A process for producing a fuselage section (33) for an aircraft, comprising the steps of: a) joining together at least two skin segments (3-7, 23-25) to a large-sized skin panel (2, 22), b) welding a plurality of integral stringers (10-13, 27) on the skin panel (2, 22) to form a first large-shell segment, and c) welding a plurality of annular, integral and self-contained ring spars to the skin panel (2, 22) to complete a second large-size shell segment (1, 29), and d) forming the fuselage section (33) of a required number of the first large-size shell segments (1, 29) by means of circumferentially adjacent closing applying to the second large-shell segment.


Let L be an ample holomorphic line bundle over a compact complex Hermitian manifold X. Any fixed smooth Hermitian metric on L induces a Hilbert space structure on the space of global holomorphic sections with values in the k:th tensor power of L. In this paper various convergence results are obtained for the corresponding Bergman kernels. The convergence is studied in the large k limit and is expressed in terms of the equilibrium metric associated to the fixed metric, as well as in terms of the Monge-Ampere measure of the fixed metric itself on a certain support set. It is also shown that the equilibrium metric has Lipschitz continuous first derivatives. These results can be seen as generalizations of well-known results concerning the case when the curvature of the fixed metric is positive (the corresponding equilibrium metric is then simply the fixed metric itself).


In practice, two key problems have been found in genetic algorithm (GA), one is premature convergence and the other is weak local search ability. In this paper, a new hybrid genetic algorithm based on chaos and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to solve the two problems above. The basic principle is that chaotic search mechanism and PSO mutation are added into the framework of simple genetic algorithm (SGA).By comparing the experimental results from five classic benchmark functions, the proposed genetic algorithm significantly improved both global convergence and convergence precision.


Here consider methods of the building of measuring channels electrics and magnetic component of pulsed electromagnetic fields. Cite an instance their concrete practical realization.


PURPOSE: A CDMA power control method for paging and initial traffic channel power is provided to dynamically determine optimum initial channel power in accordance with present forward link loading and the strength of received pilot signals. CONSTITUTION: A CDMA power control method for paging and initial traffic channel power comprises a step transferring a pilot signal to a mobile station of a telecommunication system, a step determining optimum paging channel power in accordance with the strength of the received pilot signal, and a step transferring a paging message to the mobile station through a paging channel in the optimum paging channel power. The determination step further comprises a step determining optimum paging channel power in accordance with the strength of the pilot signal and forward loading being the ratio of present transfer power to maximum transfer power.


Shareholder, who decides to continue with the company, can cause that they become per-sonally liable for its upcoming obligations. Creditors must lodge an appeal against the shareholder to get comp ...


Detection of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) from EEG signals is the mainstay of diagnosis of epilepsy. The diversity in IED morphologies and their weakness deteriorate the detection performance particularly when the IEDs of different subjects are combined for training. Here, we propose an IED detection system based on tensor factorization in which IEDs with similar morphology are concatenated into the same slice of a tensor. Applying the proposed method to the intracranial EEG 92.9% accuracy has been achieved. This shows that incorporating IED shape diversity into tensor factorization considerably improves the results.


Thiophenecarboxylic acid and its derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of thiophenes with the CCl4-CH3OH-catalyst system in total yields of 44-85%. The probable scheme of the reaction involves successive oxidation of methanol with tetrachloromethane to methyl hypochlorite and formaldehyde. Under the action of the latter, thiophene undergoes oxymethylation, giving rise to 2-oxymethylthiophene, which is oxidized with CH3OCl to 2- thiophenecarboxylic acid. In the presence of an excess of CH3OH, the latter is subjected to esterification. It was found that Fe(acac)3, VO(acac)2, and Mo(CO)6 are the catalysts of choice for this reaction.


0 The pharmacokinetics of total and free gliclazide, l-(3-azabicyclo[3,3,0]oct-3-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)urea, a potential hypoglycemic drug, was studied in healthy ( n = 12) and diabetic (n = 12) subjects. The serum level of gliclazide was determined by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC). The free fraction of gliclazide was obtained from serum by an ultrafiltration technique using a collodion membrane. The mean adsorption of gliclazide to the membrane was -5w0 when the membrane was used more than twice. Therefore, the gliclazide level in the filtrate was corrected by doubling the apparent value. The ratio of gliclazide-protein binding remained constant a t -92% in serum after administration to healthy anddiabetic subjects. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters of elimination rate (Q, time toreach the peak level ( tmaX) , elimination half-life (I 112). and volume of distribution (Vd) were 0.07 h-I, 2.8 h, 12.3 h, and 17.4 L. respectively. The parameters did not differ significantly between healthy and diabetic subjects or betwten single and successive administrations; moreover, they did not differ between the free and total drug level. Although there were intersubject variations, the therapeutic effects of oral administration of gliclazide on serum glucose and insulin levels were found in four diabetic patients. The results of this study show that the pharmacokinetics of the total gliclazide level reflect those of the free gliclazide in serum. Keyphrases 0 Gliclazide-protein binding in healthy and diabetic human serum Pharmacokinetics-serum gliclazide level after administration in healthy and diabetic subjects 0 Ultrafiltration-protein binding of gliclazide in healthy and diabetic human serum The pharmacokinetic study of serum drug levels is important in the assessment of intrinsic properties of a drug (e.g. , absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) to plan effective drug administration. Sulfonylureas, such as tolbutamide and chlorpropamide, bind to several circulating serum proteins (1). In particular, serum albumin strongly interacts with many sulfonylureas (2-4) and other drugs ( 5 ) . Moreover, free sulfonylureas are the forms that exert the pharmacological effect of hypoglycemic activity (6-8). Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of the free sulfonylurea level in blood may be useful in programming drug administration. The drug level in a protein-free solution must be measured to determine the free drug level in blood. Ultrafiltration (9), equilibrium dialysis (2, 3, lo), and gel filtration (11) techniques have been used to measure free drug level. Equilibrium dialysis has been commonly used to study the binding of drugs and proteins, but the time required to reach equilibration (8-24 h) is a major disadvantage. Due to simplicity, convenience, and speed, an ultrafiltration technique was used to separate the protein-free phase from serum in the present study. In this study, a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method (1 2) was used to determine the total and free levels of gliclazide (1 3). during a pharmacokinetic study. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Subjects-Twelve male volunteers (age, 32-42 years; weight. 54-72 kg) served as test subjects. All were healthy according to clinical examinations and routine tests. Twelve patients (seven males, five females; age, 35-76 years; weight, 45-80 kg) were patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus (FBS: 121-302 mg/100 mL). They did not have impaired renal function, nor hepatic or endocrine disease. Methods of Drug Administration-One tablet containing 40 mg of gliclazide' was administered orally before breakfast to the healthy subjects who had fasted overnight. Blood samples were obtained without an anticoagulant before and at 1 2. 3,4.6, 10, and 24 h after drug administration. After the blood had clotted, the tube was centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 10 min and the supernatant serum wasseparated. All serum samples were stored at -2OOC until use. The volunteers had regular mealtimes throughout the experiment. Twelve diabetic patients were orally administered two tablets containing 40 mg of gliclazide (therapeutic dose) in the morning; eight of them continued to take the drug (40 mg X 2) daily for 7 d. Blood samples were obtained as I Dainippon Pharmaceutical Industries Co., Osaka, Japan. 1604 / Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 73. No. 12, December 1984 002235491 841 1200168480 1.001 0 @ 1984, American Pharmaceutical Association . C L A S S A D I P T O R R U 0 0 I R STOPPLR


Biomineralization (biologically controlled synthesis of minerals) is an elaborated process that can be used for production of nanostructures with uniform size and well defined morphology. Magnetotactic bacteria are microorganisms that are able to produce magnetosomes - nano-sized magnetite (Fe3O4) crystals surrounded by a thin organic membrane. Magnetosomes exhibit a high magnetization, narrow size distribution, non-toxicity and biocompatibility. Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, well laboratory cultured organism, produces cubooctahedral magnetite crystals, ranging in size between 30 and 50 nm, which can be easily isolated. This biogenic magnetite was used for the fundamental analysis and the preparation of surface modified magnetic nanoparticles for biochemical and biotechnological applications. The natural polymers such as chitosan, carboxymethylchitosan, dextran have been used in a coating procedure and the properties of the core-shell systems have been analyzed by TEM, SEM, SQUID magnetic measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy. In the present work, we establish biocompatible, biodegradable and stable magnetic nanoparticles system accessible for binding with various active biocomponents depending on particular bioapplication.


Introduction Obtaining fine flax fibres from technical ones presents a number of problems and various, more or less, acceptable processes of cottonisation have been developed. Flax cottonisation is based on the ability of the technical fibre to be split to the level of elementary fibres, which is closely connected with the noncellulosic components (pectin). Another problem is how to obtain a satisfactory target degree of whiteness of the flax fibres. Because of a relatively high content of noncellulosic matter in technical flax fibres, they are frequently subjected to various combined chemical treatments of bleaching, applied in a number of steps [1]. Ultrasound causes cottonisation by weakening the bonds between elementary fibres in a technical fibre [2]. If the fibres are exposed to ultrasound in a bleaching solution, bleaching can be achieved simultaneously with cottonising. The investigation results indicate not only an ecologically favourable cotonization but also positive effects of the ultrasound during cotonization and bleaching.


Objective:To study the relationship between expressions of β-catenin and cyclinD1 in extramammary Paget's disease(EMPD).Methods:High sensitive SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the protein expressions of β-catenin and cyclin-D1.Results:The abnormal expression rates(75.00%)of β-catenin in EMPD were significantly higher than those in eczema skin(P 0.05),the overexpression rate of cyclinD1 was correlated with tumor stage(P0.05).CyclinD1 overexpression was observed in 84.38%(27 / 32)of these cases showed abnormal staining of β-catenin,but only observed in 46.67%(14/30)of these cases with normal membranous staining of β-catenin.There was a significantly positive corelation between the abnormal expression of β-catenin and overexpression of cyclinD1(P0.05).Conclusion:The abnormal expression of β-catcnin may play an important role by triggering cyclinD1 overexpression in the EMPD.


The isothermal sections of the Gd −−−− Ag −−−− Sn ternary system were constructed at 670 and 870 K in the whole concentration range using X-ray and metallographic analyses and the influence of the temperature on component interaction was studied. Keywords: ternary system, phase equilibria, crystal structure.


Radiology: Volume 277: Number 3—December 2015 n radiology.rsna.org 625 The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Outstanding Researcher for 2015, G. Scott Gazelle, MD, MPH, PhD, earned his reputation as one of radiology's most important—and prolific—researchers for his pioneering work in radiofrequency ablation, laying the foundation for techniques used today and helping to establish the field of interventional oncology. Currently a professor of radiology at Harvard Medical School (Boston, Mass) and professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Harvard School of Public Health, Dr Gazelle is also renowned for his work in technology assessment, most notably developing and applying techniques for cost-effectiveness analysis of new medical technologies and procedures. "I am truly humbled by this recognition from the RSNA," Dr Gazelle said. "It has been my great fortune to work with so many talented colleagues Ronald L. Arenson, MD 2015 RSNA Outstanding Researcher1


The article is devoted to traffic analysis with zero knowledge about its structure. As a result of combining existing entropy and statistical algorithms, a statistical-entropy method has been developed capable of distinguishing network nodes and significant fields from traffic with unknown protocol. The decision about significant fields boundaries in the analyzed traffic sample made by the algorithm is based on the entropy of individual bytes and byte pairs mutual information. The statistical algorithm determines network addresses using estimate number of occurrences parts of a network packet similar (as a strings) to parts of a previously received array of network traffic. The mathematical models each of the algorithms are implemented as a module of the program that implements the statistical-entropy method. As a result of the software implementation of the described statistical-entropy method, network addresses are allocated from the network traffic with zero knowledge about the protocols used in it, and separation into semantic fields is proposed.


This study explores the effect of the difference in the carbon structure of particles on their reactivity towards O2. Particles with three types of carbon structures were captured in the exhaust of a diesel engine fueled with blends of diesel with 0, 5, and 15 vol % methanol (designated here as M0, M5, and M15). The Raman spectra were used to designate the particles as a high graphitization structure (L1), a secondary graphitization structure (L2), or a low graphitization structure (L3) according to the carbon cluster content, degree of graphitization, and degree of graphite structure disorder. Additional parameters were measured by thermo‐gravimetric analysis, including the conversion rates, activation energies, ignition temperatures, and combustion and burnout characteristic indices of L1, L2, and L3. The results indicate that the particle conversion differed minimally in the low‐temperature region; however, when the temperature rose to 350°C, the conversion of L3 was much higher than that of L1 or L2. The conversion rates of L1, L2, and L3 each showed a single peak, with corresponding temperatures of 452°C, 427°C, and 400°C, respectively. The conversion rate of L3 was significantly higher than that of L1 or L2. The average activation energy of L3 particles was found to be lower than that of L1 particles by 34 kJ/mol. The ignition temperature of L3 particles was found to be lower than that of L1 particles by 82°C. The combustion and burnout characteristic indices were higher for L3 particles than for L1 and L2. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1063–1071, 2015


List of Illustrations List of Music Examples Introduction 1. Cathedralism 2. The Rise of the Vernacular Motet 3. Johannes de Grocheio, the Litterati, and Verbal Subtilitas in the Ars Antiqua Motet 4. Ars Nova and Algorism 5. Huizinga, The Waning of the Middle Ages, and the Chanson Afterword: Towards the Renaissance? Bibliography Index


The degradation of phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate) in a barley-rapeseed meal (80:20) diet due to supplemented Aspergillus niger phytase and steeping (soaking at 40 °C for 3 h with feed to water ratio 1 kg:1 L) with whey was studied in eight growing pigs (initial weight 27.8 kg). Phytate and its hydrolysis products (inositol penta-, tetra- and triphosphates, abbreviated IP5, IP4 and IP3) in diets and feces were determined using ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Different isomeric forms of inositol tetra- and pentaphosphates were studied utilizing high-performance ion chromatography (HPIC). Supplementing the diet with microbial phytase resulted in a 47% reduction in the amount of fecal phytate. Whey steeping of the diet reduced fecal phytate by 35%. Further reduction of the amount of fecal phytate (64%) was demonstrated in pigs fed the diet both steeped with whey and supplemented with microbial phytase, compared with pigs fed the untreated diet. Identification of IP4 and IP5 isome...


This paper proposed a Spatio-Frequency approach to remove multiplicative noise using total variation (TV) and Curvelet coefficient shrinkage of the residual noise. Prior to that, it also experimentally validated the importance of phase in speckle noise removal. We have shown that the phase of any complex transformation is more immune to speckle, than its magnitude. The proposed analysis on different phases encouraged the authors to apply threshold on Curvelet magnitudes to obtain the suppressed image details due TV minimization. The experimental results of our algorithm (on the simulated speckle noise) are compared with some of the recently reported image despeckling techniques. Two standard measures namely: Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Measure Index (SSIM) are adopted to analyze these methods quantitatively. Finally, the reference (noise-free) images of 3 different databases (with more than 500 images of wide variety of natural scenes, human faces, objects and textures) are considered to generate noisy image with varying number of looks; L= 4, 8, 12,16. The obtained denoising results demonstrate that the proposed technique provides significant improvement in noise suppression with high PSNR and SSIM values compared to other methods.


This book is intended (author's preface) as a suitable text for course B2 of Association for Computing Machinery Curriculum 1968 Recommendations. In general, the level of presentation is consistent with that intent. However, the book does not contain adequate material on all of the topics suggested in B2. For instance, micro-programming is very briefly discussed in three pages, and only two descriptive pages are provided on macros. There is also not enough discussion of selected programming techniques such as sorting, searching, scanning, text editing, arithmetic expression recognition, syntatic recognition, etc.


Most' mathematicians do not perceive the problem which is posed by the abstractness of set theory. They prefer to take an aloof attitude and pretend not to be interested in philosophical (as opposed to purely mathematical) questions. In practice this means that they limit themselves to deducing theorems from axioms which were proposed by some authorities ... the writings of contemporary set theorists and logicians do not offer very much which could help us in solving these problems.


The problems that arise while developing a real-time distributed information-processing software system are studied. And based on the TCP/IP protocols and socket, for its facility in client/server (C/S) model networking programming, a prototype is designed for data transmission between the server and clients and it is applied on an on-line products automatic detection system. The probability analysis on network congestion was also made. A proper mechanism based on the ARCC (adapted RTT congestion control) algorithm is employed for detecting and resolving congestion, the purpose of which is mainly to achieve congestion avoidance under the particular conditions in this network-based system and reach the desired performance. Furthermore, a method is proposed for a client to diagnose automatically the connection status between the server and the client and to re-connect to the server when the disconnection is detected.


ABSTRACT This editorial summarises the papers published in issue 14(4) so as to raise the bar in applied spatial economic research and highlight new trends. The first paper analyses the impact of re-exports on bilateral trade data. The second paper proposes a new measure for the popular smart specialisation index (S3). The third paper proposes a new solution for the so-called reflection problem in spatial or social interaction models. The fourth paper analyses bankruptcy spillovers in the state of Maryland. The final paper estimates a system of equations to analyse the mutual relationship between the domestic migration of highly-skilled graduates and innovation and productivity in U.S. states.


All travel has associated health risks that need to be recognized not only by travellers, but also by tour operators and governments. In this context, the author considers some of the infections that have been contracted by package holiday tourists from the UK. With 15 million package holidays sold in the UK each year and increasing consumer concern about health risks, health is now a major factor in customer satisfaction. Media exposure and possible legal action when expectations are not met mean that the need to reduce the health risks associated with travel is crucial for the tourism industry as well as for travellers themselves. This paper sets out the main hazards and risks and examines what actions can and should be taken by tour operators, destination countries, and tourists. The author stresses the importance of ensuring a proper health infrastructure in the development of tourist areas; the need for operators to stipulate minimum hotel standards, backed up by regular auditing; the responsibility of tourists to ensure that they do not expose themselves to unnecessary risks; and the significance of surveillance systems in the control of travel-related diseases.


The permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) may have chaotic behaviors for the uncertain values of parameters or under certain working conditions, which threatens the secure and stable operation of motor-driven. Hence, it is important to study methods of controlling or suppressing chaos in PMSMs. In this letter, robust stabilities of PMSM with parameter uncertainties are investigated. A novel asymptotical stability criterion is established. Some illustrated examples are also given to show the effectiveness of our results.


To investigate the strength checking methods for a semi-cylindrical header–nozzle intersection under combined piping loads, the simplified strength checking formulae for two piping load combinations, which are typical in engineering practice, are suggested based on the combined limit piping load interactions of the header. Furthermore, three methods for determining the allowable piping load parameters of the proposed formulae, namely the plastic work curvature (PWC) method of inelastic analysis route for design by analysis (DBA), the twice elastic slope (TES) method of inelastic analysis route for DBA, and the elastic finite element analysis (FEA) method of elastic analysis route for DBA, are presented and compared. Based on the theoretical analyses and the parametric comparison study results of the three methods, it can be concluded that the PWC method, which can take the hardening material effect on the plastic load results into account well and use the engineers' experience independent plastic work as the global indicator of gross collapse, is the most reliable one among the three methods, while the elastic FEA method is of great value for engineers to estimate the allowable piping loads quickly and conveniently.


ABSTRACT After gaining independence in 1945, Indonesia's foreign policy demonstrated an active role in resolving maritime disputes in South-east Asia. The settlement effort is inseparable from the role of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as the cornerstone of Indonesia's foreign policy. In responding to the maritime boundary disputes in the South-east Asian region, for instance, Indonesia relates to the ASEAN "spirit of dialogue", which emphasises the principles of diplomacy, negotiations and cooperation in conducting peaceful settlements. However, under Joko Widodo's administration, Indonesia did not always prioritise its institutional aspects in responding to maritime conflicts in South-east Asia. In some cases, Indonesia acts unilaterally, especially when the case concerns its maritime identity. This article will try to examine Indonesia's approach towards territorial disputes under Jokowi's administration, by asking two questions: (1) Is Indonesia's approach towards territorial disputes more institutionalist or realist? (2) If both apply, to what extent has Indonesia become institutionalist or realist? By using a constructivist approach, this article argues that Indonesia embraces two identities that function hierarchically. Indonesia identifies itself first as a maritime nation, and second as a regional leader. When it comes to settling sea territorial disputes, Indonesia's geopolitical behaviour has always been shadowed by the maritime nation identity.


Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tracts. About 11% of female PJS patients are diagnosed with Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (G-EAC) and about one third have a sex-cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTATs). Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma is a special subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma which accounts for only 1–3%. Here we report a rare case of a 31-year-old woman affected with G-EAC and SCTAT accompanied by PJS. After surgery, we followed up for 5 years without recurrence.


Geological storage of carbon dioxide is one of the options of greenhouse gas mitigation as it reduces the release of CO2 to the atmosphere. Eni is a major energy company in which decarbonization plays an essential role in its vision for a future with zero net emissions. H field carbon storage project comes in line with Eni strategy of carbon neutrality by 2050. Depleted gas fields are among the most suitable candidates for CO2 sequestration, with well-known high quality reservoir characteristics and good sealing. H is a depleted offshore gas field located in the North Sea; it has two main reservoirs: H1 and H2. Due to the massive size of both reservoirs, well-known reservoirs' characterization, good reservoirs' petrophysics, and the existence of thick and continuous cap layers (C1 & C2), H1 and H2 reservoirs have been nominated to be good candidates for a carbon sequestration project.

The study objective is to build comprehensive mineralogical and geochemical models able to capture the physical and the chemical phenomena occurring in the short – medium – long terms after the CO2 injection in H1 and H2 formations. The proposed workflow relies on the following procedure:
1. laboratory experimental analyses (SEM-EDX, XRD, XRF) on core samples
2. data elaboration and integration
3. conceptual geological-geochemical models' definition
4. 0D static batch models
a. equilibrium approach
b. kinetic approach

Step 1, 2 and 3 are aimed at obtaining the mineralogical model, with attention devoted to the presence of the Fe-bearing minerals. In step 4, the rock-formation water geochemical system consistence is preliminary checked by performing a sequence of 0D equilibrium models with PHREEQC-V3 code, (USGS, 1999), allowing primary evaluations on mineral phases chemical stability (dissolution/precipitation). This step is also needed for obtaining a synthetic formation water composition at the equilibrium with the mineralogical model used in the subsequent reactive transport models (RTM), and to validate new-estimated site-specific minerals thermochemical parameters. Then, the CO2 injection is preliminary simulated by means of 0D kinetic models to assess the main acting geochemical processes triggered by rock-brine-CO2 interaction. The results show that, at the conditions considered in the project, the rock petrophysical properties (e.g. porosity) alteration does not seem to be an issue. However, the main criticalities/uncertainties might be related to the Fe-bearing minerals (carbonates, micas and clays) chemical behavior in presence of CO2.

As a final remark, the simulation results obtained in this work cannot be regarded as values of general validity because they depend on the characteristics assigned to each reservoir model. Nevertheless, the study provides a novel geochemical modelling procedure, which implies building a detailed geochemical conceptual model modelled by means of a complex kinetic reaction network to simulate the mineralogical alterations. The presented procedure can be followed to preliminary assess the geochemical short- and long-term risks for a given carbon storage project.


This paper describes how the transmission-line-modelling method may be applied to coupled EM and thermal problems, and shows a typical application. >


Research purposes:In construction of subway tunnel in section,it is popular that the entrance to the mined tunnel is directly from deep foundation pit.For the stability of open cut deep foundation pit and the safety of mined tunnel entrance,it is necessary to take the measures in design and construction organization.Based on the successful completion of the tunnel in the section between Wushan Park Station and Huashi Station of line 3 of Guangzhou metro,in this paper,the introduction is given to the key points of design and construction of entrance to the mined tunnel from the foundation pit and its experience can be as the reference to the similar works.Research conclusions:(1) For ensuring the safe construction of the entrance to the tunnel,it is necessary to take measures of reinforcing the bed of entrance to the tunnel in advance and strengthening the primary support to the tunnel.(2) During the excavation of foundation pit,some construction works for the entrance to the mined tunnel can be done through reasonable construction organization for not only reducing the repeated works and speeding up the construction of the entrance to the tunnel,but also for ensuring the stability of open cut foundation and making the tunnel safe entry.


Professionals specializing in Accounting and Auditing have a important action in the promotion of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), hence the need to achieve quality training, without However, through the application of different research methods, it has been been able to verify that there are insufficiencies in their performance. Specifically, the training of professionals who have to do with the accounting and auditing, that although in the curricula of these specialties are included subjects that contribute to the training of these specialists, it is evident that at the end of the training, the graduates have not yet achieved a professional development that allows contributing with an adequate financial advice to small and medium-sized companies


The research objective is to investigate the impact of knowledge management (KM) enablers and processes on the performance of Nigeria's manufacturing sector. The poor performance in Nigeria's public and private sectors has been linked to insufficient or non-existent KM implementation methods. Survey questionnaires were distributed to the members of Manufacturing Association of Nigeria. Of the 500 survey questionnaires distributed, 424 were returned correctly completed representing about 84% response rate. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multi-regression analysis. The results show that KM enablers variables (management leadership, information technology, infrastructure, and organizational culture) and KM process variables significantly contribute to manufacturing performance except for knowledge application. The research adds to the general knowledge by shedding more light on the impact of KM enablers and processes for sustainable manufacturing from an African perspective. Also, it provides academic support for investing more resources in sustainable KM-based manufacturing in Nigeria.


The precipitation of the Mg-8Gd-2Er(wt.%) alloy at 200 oC was investigated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The precipitation sequence was described as supersaturated solid solution(S.S.S.S.,cph)→β''(D019)→β'(bco)→β-phase(fcc),which was different from previously reported four stages sequence:(S.S.S.S.,cph)→β''(D019)→β'(bco)→β1(fcc)→β-phase(fcc).The morphologies and crystal structures of both β'' and β' precipitates in the alloy were studied in the present investigation.The orientation re-lationship between the precipitate phases and the α-matrix was observed.The ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and tensile yield strength(TYS) of the as-cast alloy were 189 and 110 MPa,respectively,and the UTS and the YTS were improved greatly after ageing treatment.The values of UTS and YTS after peak ageing process were 308 and 246 MPa,respectively.The improved mechanical properties were mainly ascribed to the formation of β' phase.The age hardening response decreased with increasing ageing time because the β' phase got coarse as ageing time increased.


Elections are things that are characteristic in a democratic country. Elections become one of the human rights of citizens, therefore the implementation must be carried out by a government which places the people as the holders of sovereignty. Political parties in Indonesia every year are always growing and developing. The presence of political parties during elections is an interesting thing, where every political party has a campaign strategy to win a vote to get power or position. One example of a new party, PSI, emerged as a party that passed verification in the 2019 elections. Its presence as a new party, PSI also appeared to get a seat in the Jombang District Parliament. This is also part of the campaign strategy of the political party. This research uses descriptive research using a qualitative approach. Determination of research subjects using Purposive Sampling techniques in which the source of data obtained by primary and secondary data sources. The campaign strategy used by PSI candidates is the door-to-door campaign method and using the Senam Sehat campaign program and Warung Murah Jokowi.


The optimalisation of biodiesel exploitation becoming 5 % in the year 2025 later as energy resource in this country which has written in National Energy Policy (KEN, 2003 – 2020) have been the reasons to improve biodiesel technology. Biodiesel has been known as one of the renewable material and ha sthe potential to reduce exhaust gas emission in diesel engine. Biodiesel is a diesel fuel made from natural, renewable source such as vegetable oil and animal fats. Fats and oil are chemically reacted with an alcohol (methanol) to produce chemical compounds known as fatty acid methyl ester (ME) or biodiesel. In this research it is used 10%, 20% and 30% methyl ester (crude palm oil mixed with petroleum diesel fuel) compared with 100% petroleum diesel fuel. Blends of up to 30% biodiesel hopes can be used in nearly all diesel equipment and do not need modification of the engine. The result of investigation, the use of biodiesel can decrease of emissions of No x , CO 2 , CO, and HC.


The ORF2 gene was amplified from PK-15 cells and tissues of piglets suffered from PMWS,respectively using the primers designed according to the OFR2 sequences published in GenBank.The resultant PCR products were cloned into pMD18-T vectors and identified by restriction digestion using endonucleases XhoⅠ and KpnⅠ.Nucleotide sequences of the PCV1 ORF2 genes were compared with that of other PCV1 ORF2 and PCV2 ORF2 genes.The results indicated that nucleotide homology between ORF2 genes cloned from PK-15 cells and pig tissues was 99.4%,nucleotide homologies between the cloned PCV ORF2 genes and the published PCV1 ORF2 genes in GenBank were from 97.3% to 99.9%,and homologies between the cloned PCV ORF2 genes and the published PCV2 ORF2 genes in GenBank were from 67.9% to 68.4%.Several conserved functional domains were identified in the cloned PCV1 ORF2 genes.Predication of antigenicity showed that the protein translated by the PCV1 ORF2 genes may have good immunogenicity.


When we think of conducting analyses with a performance view, we commonly lean toward tools like front end analysis, needs assessment, performance analysis, and several variations. Usually, this starts because of a performance problem or because of an anticipated new performance. What about existing training? We look to training evaluation in its various levels to determine whether people like it, learn from it, transfer it, and whether the organization is benefiting from it. This paper describes a scenario where existing training was occurring, people suspected it could be more efficient, and yet the individuals' performance was for the most part satisfactory. We wanted to determine where the training could be made more efficient, determine if there were other barriers to performance, and do this with valid and reliable data from a large workforce. The Coast Guard's Performance Technology Center was in its infancy and was given the permission to try out alternative methods of conducting its work. This article describes the lessons learned about the process, about the technologies employed, and even the logistics of carrying out a rather large-scale effort in minimal time.


This research was carried out on February 1 until February 30, 2017, located on Ambon Island, Ambon City Region and Central Maluku Regency. aims to find out the background of tourist visits on various beach tourism objects on the island of Ambon, which relate to the factors of accessibility, facilities and entrance fee. The benefits of this writing are as study material and as a suggestion for the development of tourism in Ambon City, Maluku Province. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there are 10 famous and popular beach tourism areas on the island of Ambon, including beaches: Natsepa, Natsepa 2, Sopapei, Lawena, Tihulesi, Pasir Putih, Namalatu, Santai beach, Lubang Buaya, and Hunimua. Community accessibility to tourist sites above is quite high, and can be accessed from several departments, such as via Jembatan Merah Putih, Pasoo, Soya. liang - Morela, Alang-Wakasihu or via Hunut or Ambon City terminal to various areas on Ambon Island. Facilities and facilities at tourist sites are generally not complete and uneven and are still limited in number. Regression analysis of the effect of accessibility, facilities and entrance ticket costs for visitors / tourists is shown by the regression equation: Y = 41.1 - 4.36 X1 - 1.09 X2 + 0.715 X3, R value = 81.7% and R2 = 72.6 indicates a relationship closely and variable X affects the Y variable, and the hypothesis with the Ha variance test is received at a 95% confidence level.


Abstract. Measurements of birefringence induced in K9 and fused silica specimens by cracks produced by 1064 nm Nd∶YAG laser have been presented. The Birefringence data is converted into the units of stress, thus permitting the estimation of residual stress near crack. The intensity of residual stress in K9 glass is larger than that in fused silica under the same condition. The similarity of residual stress distribution along the y-axis reveals that the nature of shock wave transmission in optical materials under 1064 nm laser irradiation is the same with each other. The value of residual stress can be influenced by laser parameters and characterization of optical material. Simulation based on a theoretical model giving the residual stress field around a crack is developed for comparison with experiment results. The probability of initial damage and the direction of the energy dissipation in cracks determine the residual stress distribution. The thermal stress coupling enlarges the asymmetry of residual stress distribution. Residual stress in optical material has a strong effect on fracture and should be taken into account in any formulation that involves the enhanced damage resistance of optical components used in laser induced damage experiments.


e22235 Background: Several growth factors are involved in pathogenesis of melanoma that are produced by cells taking part in stimulation of growth and survival of cells (TGF-β, IFR-1) that further ...