Non-specific back pain in general refers to any type of back pain that is caused by placing abnormal stress and strain on muscles of the vertebral column. The current study was based on the evaluation of the effect of Mckenzie exercises with theraband for reducing pain, disability and improves the strength in patients with subacute non-specific low backpain. It also evaluated the effect of Mckenzie exercises alone for reducing pain, disability and improves the strength in patients with subacute non-specific low backpain and compared the pain effectiveness of McKenzie exercises with theraband versus Mckenzie exercises alone in reducing pain, disability and improves the strength in patients with subacute non- specific low backpain. he participants for the study were recruited from the population of Integral University at Physiotherapy OPD, Lucknow (UP). On the basis of dependent variables NPRS, ODI, MMT and all the measurements were checked on first day (pretreatment) and last day (post treatment) i.e., after 4 weeks. The subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into 2 groups-Group A and Group B. tables showed average difference of ODI, NPRS, MMT showed at 1st to 28th respectively and showed that average difference in pre to post ODI, NPRS, MMT scores was significant in both groups but Group A showed statistically significant difference of pre to post ODI, NPRS, and MMT score in order to decrease pain, disability and in improving muscle strength. Mckenzie exercises with theraband showed statistically more significant difference in ODI, NPRS and MMT score in order to decrease pain, disability and in improving muscle strength.

Key words: Mckenzie Exercise, Theraband, low back pain, ODI, MMT .


Colonies of Apis mellifera L., when placed in cranberry bugs, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait., in full bloom, gathered significantly more cranberry pollen than those placed in the bog 2 weeks before start of bloom. However, in one test, the amount of pollen gathered by each group became similar after 2 days; in another test, the colonies originally gathering high, medium, or low levels of cranberry pollen tended to maintain those levels throughout the test.


The Chinese government has actively tried to promote export. Her export promotion measures have included duty drawbacks, which are expected to lower the cost of imported inputs and to increase the exporters' competitiveness. This paper examines the effectiveness of the duty drawback system in the promotion of export in China considering export supply and export demand. The unit root test shows that all concerned variables are integrated of order one. The existence of a long run equilibrium relationship among the concerned variables is examined by Pesaran and Shin's autoregressive distributed lags model. Since the cointegration tests reveal that there does not exist any long run equilibrium relationship, the ordinary least squares estimation results using the first differenced data are reported. The regression results show that duty drawback is not significant in export promotion, which might arise from inefficiencies such as the false reporting practices.


Transesophageal achieved by using a small transverse orientation of an ultrasound imaging transducer, the transducer is preferably small enough in diameter to fit the probe 7.5mm, more preferably, the transducer is preferably small enough in diameter to fit of 5mm probe. Signal processing techniques to improve the penetration depth, as well as through the stomach can get a complete view of the short axis of the left ventricle, although the transducer is so small. By reducing the diameter of the probe (probe as compared to the prior art), can reduce the risk of patients and reduce or eliminate the need for anesthesia, and can monitor the patient's heart function was observed between the long-term.


We investigated the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow over a nonlinear porous stretching sheet with the help of semianalytical method known as optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). The effects of different parameters on fluid flow are investigated and discussed. The obtained results are compared with numerical Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth-order method. It is found that the OHAM solution agrees well with numerical as well as published data for different assigned values of parameters; this thus indicates the feasibility of the proposed method (OHAM).


An important property distinguishing syllable‐initial stop consonant, /b/, from semivowel, /w/, is the duration of the initial formant transitions: Relatively short transitions specify /b/, whereas longer transitions specify /w/. We reported earlier [J. L. Miller and A.M. Liberman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68, S31 (1978)] that the transition duration at the /b/‐/w/ phonetic boundary is not absolute. Instead, as the syllables become longer, an increasingly longer transition is required to hear /w/. We proposed that the alteration in syllable duration specifies a change in speaking rate, and that the shift in boundary location reflects the listener's adjustment to that change. In the present experiment we asked whether the effect of syllable duration is limited to stimuli near the /b/‐/w/ boundary or extends to the processing of good exemplars of the phonetic categories. A selective adaptation procedure was used to assess perception of two series of syllables that varied in transition duration and ranged from /b...


This paper deals with the horizontal scale land and sea breeze circulation (LSBC) between Ishikari and Tomakomai and sea surface temperature (SST). The diurnal variation of LSBC during August of 1985-2008 is investigated using the data from the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) and Sapporo City Multisensor(MULTI) and analysis data of sea condition.AreafromIshikari to Tomakomai has a unique topography. This area lies between Japan sea and Pacific ocean and it is not known whether it is affected by Japan sea's LSBC or that by Pacific ocean's LSBC. This area accounts for 30 percent of the total population of Hokkaido. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristic of climate in this area. To discuss the LSBC effect, this area is divided into three regions: The first plain is from Ishikari city to Sapporo city (hereafter abbreviated as IS) and second plain from Ebetsu city to Chitose city (EC), and third is from Atsuma city to Tomakomia city (AT). LSBC was observed between Ishikari and Sapporo. When Japan SST was higher than climatological temperature by 1 degree celsuis, LSBC appeared clear because sea breeze's sojourn time increased. On the other hand, when Japan SST was 1 degree celsius lower than climatological temperature, sea breeze'sojourn time decreased. Therefore, it can be considered that LSBC over this area and SST have interactions. all day long and wind speed is not changed. It was presumed that area between Ebetsu and Chitose didn't have LSCB. Therefore, it can be concluded that wind direction was not related to SST. These results suggest that the climate characteristics over Hokkaido region may change if global warming continues.


Let D be a set of positive integers. A Skolem-type sequence is a sequence of i ∈ D such that every i ∈ D appears exactly twice in the sequence at positions ai and bi, and |bi − ai| = i. These sequences might contain empty positions, which are filled with null elements. Thoralf A. Skolem defined and studied Skolem sequences in order to generate solutions to Heffter's difference problems. Later, Skolem sequences were generalized in many ways to suit constructions of different combinatorial designs. Alexander Rosa made the use of these generalizations into a fine art. Here we give a survey of Skolem-type sequences and their applications.


The delayed neutron importance factor (IBAR) is used to adjust the six-group delayed neutron data in reactivity computer measurements, such as those for control-rod worth. The delayed neutron fraction in each group is multiplied by IBAR to get the effective delayed neutron fraction. The IBAR accounts for the effects of the less energetic delayed neutrons on the multiplication of the system. As a part of the continuing effort to improve the agreement between measured and predicted reactivity parameters, a study was performed to determine the sensitivity of IBAR to different core conditions. The results of the analysis are given in the form of the percent of difference between the calculated and design value of IBAR. The primary observation is that IBAR is a relatively insensitive quantity. It is concluded that the IBAR value does not change substantially enough to warrant a change in the currently used design value, and a single value of IBAR is adequate for all core configurations.


In this paper, the simulation model of millimeter wave reflected, absorbed and transmitted characteristics in underdense uniform plasma is established. The calculation of reflection energy, transmission energy and absorption energy of millimeter wave is completed. The frequency of millimeter wave is 50-100GHz, and other parameters such as polarization, incident angle, plasma length are different. The results are shown that the propagation characteristics of millimeter wave in plasma are the same although polarization is different. Thin plasma can hardly absorb millimeter wave energy; when the plasma has centimeter scale, the millimeter wave energy can be absorbed more than 95% by optimizing the plasma parameters. The propagation characteristics of millimeter wave at different incident angles are obviously different.


In this paper an explicit form of generalized Chebyshev Koornwinder's type polynomial of first kind in terms of the Bernstein basis of fixed degree $n$ is provided. Moreover, we investigate generalized Chebyshev Koornwinder's type polynomials of first kind and Bernstein polynomials change of bases.


Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a cause of low back pain in 10–30% of cases. In 1993, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defined the following set of diagnostic criteria necessary to diagnose SIJ dysfunction: 1) the presence of pain in the areas characteristic of SIJ lesions, with special attention to pain in the Fortin area projection, with possible different types of radiation; 2) positive pain provocation tests for a SIJ lesion; 3) reduced pain after intra-articular anesthetic injection; 4) the lack of a specific nature of the lesion (fracture, inflammation, tumor, etc.). Injection of 0.5–2.5 ml of solution of an anesthetic (bupivacaine, lidocaine) and 20–40 mg of triamcinolone or 5 mg of betamethasone (1 ml) into the SIJ area is used as interventional technologies. More prolonged analgesia involves radiofrequency denervation (RFD) of the SIJ, in which needles with electrodes are placed in the projection of the nerves that innervate the SIJ, and their local thermal destruction is performed. The effectiveness of RFD of SIJ requires further investigation.


Galaxy clusters are valuable cosmological probes. However, cluster mass estimates rely on observable quantities that are affected by complicated baryonic physics in the intracluster medium (ICM), including feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). Cosmological simulations have started to include AGN feedback using subgrid models. In order to make robust predictions, the systematics of different implementations and parametrizations need to be understood. We have developed an AGN subgrid model in FLASH that supports a few different black hole accretion models and feedback models. We use this model to study the effect of AGN on X‐ray cluster observables and its dependence on model variations.


Software is compiled to simulate COMPASS constellation with 12 satellites and GPS constellation. Based on 18 stations of the Asia-Pacific region, satellite visibility, dilution of precision (DOP) and constellation availability of COMPASS and integrated COMPASS/GPS are calculated and analyzed in detail. Simulation results reveal that the constellation performances, such as satellite visibility, DOP and availability, of COMPASS are good under the low mask angle such as 10 degrees, but the performances have a trend of becoming bad with the increase of mask angle. Under the condition, the augmentation of COMPASS by GPS is recommended. Simulation results reveal that the constellation performances will be improved greatly under the high mask angle, especially in the middle high latitudes.


Evaluation of Artemisia annua L. clean-up methods for artemisinin quantification by HPLC. Artemisinin, an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae), has received considerable attention due to its antimalarial activity. The limiting step in sample preparation is result of large amounts of chlorophyll encountered in the crude extract. In this work we describe several sample preparation methods using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and compare them with conventional liquid-liquid extraction method. The aim of this work was to define the optimum conditions for a clean-up procedure of plant extract. Silica, and Florisil cartridges were evaluated as solid supports for SPE and treatment with lead acetate for liquid-liquid extraction. The data presented herein suggest that the use of Florisil in analysis clean-up procedures is a low cost, rapid and efficient method with high yield recoveries.


Actually the most common method of gravity data interpretation is a manual fitting method. In this case, the density model is divided into many polygons with constant density and each polygon is editing manually by interpreter. This approach has two main disadvantages:

- significant amount of time is needed to build a high-quality density model;

- if density isn’t constant within anomalous object or a layer, object must be divided into many blocks, which requires additional time, and editing the model during the interpretation process becomes more complicated.

 To solve these problems, we can use methods of automatic fitting of the density model (inversion). At the same time, it is convenient to divide the model into many identical cells with constant density (grid). In this case, solving the inverse problem of gravity is reduced to solving a system of linear algebraic equations. To solve the system of equations, it is necessary to construct a loss function, which includes terms responsible for the difference between the observed gravitational field and the theoretical field, as well as for the difference between the model and a priori data (regularizer). Further, the problem is solved using iterative gradient optimization methods (gradient descent method, Newton's method and etc.).

However, in this case, the problem arises – final fitted model differs from the initial by contrasting near-surface layer due to the greater influence of the near-surface cells on the loss function, and the deep sources of gravity field anomalies are not included in inversion. Such models can be used in the processing of gravity data (source-based continuation, filtering), but are useless in solving of geological problems.

To take into account the influence of the deep cells of the model, the following solution is proposed: multiplying the gradient of the loss function by a normalization depth function that increases with depth. For example, such a function can be a quadratic function (its choice is conditioned by the fact that the gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance).

The use of inversion with a normalizing depth function allows solving the following problems:

- taking into account both surface and deep sources of gravity anomalies;

- solving the problem of taking into account the density gradient within the layers (since the layer is divided into many cells, the densities of which can be differen);

- reliably determine singular points of anomalous objects;

- significantly reduce the time of  the density model fitting.


In this paper we present a brief analysis on the working and design of Google file System with its performance analysis. A brief Comparison of Google File system with other Distributed File Systems (DFS) namely HDFS, Global FS, GPFS and sector is also presented. Although Google shares many similarities with other DFSs but still it is unique in its design which is made specifically to serve Google's heavy workload. GFS's Architecture has a single master which is responsible for performing some major duties as explained in the Architecture session. Reliability of data is maintained through triple replication of data. So it also provides fast recovery and fault tolerance. Comparison and future consideration enables the reader to understand the current situation of GFS and its place in the future world. This paper not only explains GFS and its comparative study but also explains the complete background of the technology and its future.


Abstract:Despite increasingly stringent requirements from regulatory agencies, clinical trials often fail to recruit study populations representative of real-world demographics and disease prevalence and are often skewed away from racial/ethnic minorities. Consequently, data produced by such trials can result in treatment guidelines and outcome expectations that do not apply to racial/ethnic minorities, further widening health disparities. In this study, we describe a new tool, the TriNetX Diversity Lens ("Diversity Lens"), which augments the existing electronic health record querying functionality of TriNetX and allows clinical trial sponsors to rapidly evaluate the potential impact of inclusion and exclusion criteria on the eligibility rates of different racial and ethnic groups. We describe the development of Diversity Lens in collaboration with public and private stakeholders. Additionally, we feature examples of how Diversity Lens can bring to the surface insights into existing health disparities and prospectively explore the impact of study criteria on the eligibility of racial/ethnic minorities.


The 11th International Prostate Cancer Update was held in Vail, Colorado from January 31 through February 4, 2001. As in all the previous meetings, this was an outstanding opportunity for clinicians from a variety of disciplines to learn about the state-of-the-art in prostate cancer. A superb, international faculty reported on cutting-edge advances. More importantly, they put into clinical perspective their views of where we are in the new millennium in the management of this most ubiquitous of all human neoplasms. David Crawford, as always, organized a meeting that combined excellent science with wonderful social and recreational opportunities. I know all participants were delighted with the meeting and look forward to the 2002 12th International meeting, which is scheduled for February 6–10, 2002 in Vail, Colorado.

Because of the important information presented at the meeting, we have once again elected to publish a supplement to Reviews in Urology. Through a generous, unrestricted educational grant from Amgen and Praecis, we are pleased to provide this supplement to our readership.


The effect of shelterbelt at three measurement positions (60, 120 and 180m) on the physical properties of semi-arid soil in the extreme North-Western Nigeria situated on the Southern fringes of the Sahara desert was studied. The effect of the shelterbelt on the hydraulic conductivity and moisture release characteristics along the measurement positions within the sheltered area were compared with the unsheltered area. There was statistical difference (P=0.05) between the sheltered and the open soils in their moisture release characteristics. Furthermore, the hydraulic conductivity also showed significant difference. The hydraulic conductivity (HC) for the open soil was 3.3cm.h-1 while the sheltered soil showed a mean value of 1.91cm.h-1. But the individual measurement positions of 60, 120 and 180m showed 1.60, 1.20, and 3.00cm.h-1 values respectively. The moisture released under different pressures for soils within the sheltered area was 20.8, 18.3 and 17.8% for 10 kpa within the different measurement positions (60,120 and 180m). At 1500kpa, the moisture released was 2.9, 5.0 and 3.8% at the three measurement positions respectively (60 120 and180m). The shelterbelt had positive effect on both the hydraulic conductivity and moisture release characteristics of the sheltered soil. Keywords : Hydraulic conductivity, Moisture Release, shelterbelt, Characteristics, Nigeria. Journal of Technology and Education in Nigeria Vol. 10 (1) 2005: pp. 20-26


The systematic tests of a single\|arc blade profile multiblade fan and four dual\|arc blade profile multiblade fans are made. It is showed that the dual\|arc blade profile type which blade is of bigger radius than others appears to have better aerodynamic characteristic and low\|noise characteristic.


According to requirements of general lathes transformed into economic CNC,the design demands,design program which taking 80C-196 as processor,work principle,innovation steps for simple and Numerical Control innovation was introduced.The mechanical transmission of lathe was fully transformed.The software error compensation measures were presented under the premise of ensuring accuracy and control costs.The NC system,mechanical drive transmission and control system of the CNC lathes was corrected to reach the goal of CNC lathes transformation.


Based on the definition of the concept of campus football and campus football culture, this paper analyzes the cultural connotation, composition and the relationship between them. Culture is the essential attribute of campus football, and people oriented is the core of campus football culture construction. The campus football culture is the sum of the material culture, spiritual culture, system culture and behavior culture. Among them, the material culture is the foundation, the spiritual culture is the direction, the system culture is the guarantee, the behavior culture is the standard. Behavior culture is the core of the campus football culture. The value of students is the core of the construction of campus football behavior culture.


The modular formwork member includes top plate and side walls to constitute cavity formwork. The present invention features that there is at least one connection tube between the adjacent walls of two formworks. When the modular formwork members are used in hollow stringboard, there will be vertical rib formed around the connection tube via in-situ cast and shearing bonding formed in the empty part between the formwork members, so that the hollow stringboard can form reinforced concrete-shearing bonding type bi-directional hollow large board in only once deposition. The present invention has simple formwork, simple construction, low cost and short construction period, and the member has high strength, simple structure, low cost and easy construction.


Responses from a survey of Mid-South fruit and vegetable processors in Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas were used to identify structural characteristics, marketing activities, and food safety requirements. Survey results indicate that there was several successful fruit and vegetable processors in each state that have been in business for less than fifteen years. There is also an indication that a wide variety of production practices and marketing strategies are used by these processors.


Background: Choledochal cyst is congenital disease of biliary tract. There are five main types of choledochal cyst with few recognised sub types. The etiology of choledochal cyst is unclear.Methods: Author here randomly studied patients from May 2012 to June 2015 from surgical department of the institute. Radical excision of cyst wall with reconstruction of biliary tract using a Roux-en-Y loop of jejunum is the treatment in a patient.Results: Out of 30 patients, 24 were discharged as routine procedure. Out of 30, six patients had complications which were treated and cured, only one patient died due to ARDS post operatively.Conclusions: Choledochal cyst is congenital disease. In the past, it was treated by drainage procedure. But nowadays, it is treated by radical excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy with minimum mortality. In present study, 3.33% (one patient) death occurred. So, in planned surgery results are good but in emergency (in this study one patient died) death can occur, inspite of good surgical approach.


We give a non-regular statistical summability method named statistical K2 a-convergence and prove a Korovkin type approximation theorem for this new and interesting convergence method on two-dimensional weighted spaces. We also study the rate of statistical K2 a-convergence by using the weighted modulus of continuity and afterwards we present a non-trivial application.


Teaching materials are the concrete embodiment of the course targets and contents. It is also the main medium for teachers and students to carry out teaching activities. Good language teaching materials should be used by learners at different levels in different ways. They also provide an opportunity for teachers to form or create their unique teaching styles. Therefore, the analysis of English teaching materials is particularly important. First, this article introduces the writing purposes which match the requirements of the General English Curriculum Standards and then analyzes the contents of Advance with English in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The third part discusses the limitations of Advance with English in respect to its


This paper analyzes importance and basic fundamental of how to select suitable materials of enginery hardware. We should select suitable materials according to its function,organize structure and technology process of heat treatment. In the end, writer brings forward the specific means and steps.


A tension – stiffening law for reinforced concrete elements strengthened by FRP – plate/sheets is proposed. It is calibrated through numerical simulations concerning FRP-strengthened RC tensile elements. Discrete concrete cracking and non-linear bond-slip laws for FRP-concrete and steel-concrete interfaces are considered. Along the element, tensile strength of concrete is taken as a randomly varying quantity. From numerical data, tensionstiffening laws are calibrated, and results are compared with the case of unstrengthened elements. It is shown that the presence of a small thickness external reinforcements provides for a significant reduction of axial deformability in the cracked range as well as for a strong reduction of width of transverse cracks in concrete.


Here, a general copper-catalyzed radical cascade carbocyclization reaction with 2-arylbenzoimidazoles and a Togni reagent was realized. Structurally diverse CF3-containing tetracyclic core benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-6(5H)-ones were obtained in moderate to good yields. The wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and ease of scale-up of this method are expected to promote its potential applications in pharmacy and biotechnology.


The theme of this paper is the tourism, the nowadays phenomenon known by its economic singularity and socio-cultural contribution; and, because of that it has become to the wide world interest. Placed in the Estrada Real — Royal Route — the tourist potential of the Santana dos Montes County in Minas Gerais State, Brazil has been researched which emphasized the autochthon population perception about the socialcultural changes that happened influenced by the tourism. The county characterization took into account its geographic and geological elements and the achieved research used information provided by two sociologists that had developed with the Joao Pinheiro Foundation a research about that region and the oral history told by the locals. The collected data had been undergone to a content analyzes it was concluded that tourism has a relevant role as a revitalizing tool of cultural traces of a society and the local 1


To find out the achievement of educational goals need to be tested. To face the exam students need to do a variety of readiness both (1) physical readiness (2) psychological readiness (3) readiness of stationery and exam materials. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population of this study was all students of SMP Negeri 13 Padang, totaling 848 students and the sample in the study were students of class VII, VIII and IX at SMP Negeri 13 Padang, totaling 272 students who were selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Data collection tools used in the form of instruments (questionnaire) and data analysis using descriptive methods. The findings of the study revealed that overall the readiness of students facing exams was in the good category, which was detailed as follows, (1) students' psychological readiness to take exams was classified as very good, while (2) physical readiness, stationery and student's exam materials to face exams quite good.


A power supply controller controls the power supply to each contained in a time-stamping device unit. The power supply controller determined according to the length of the period in which the time stamping device is not used, the entity to be supplied with power. However, the power supply controller provides constant current to an authentication key storing unit that stores an authentication key, to receive an authentic time from a time server in order to prevent a falsification of the local time of the time stamping device.


The Rock Dove (Columba livia) was domesticated around 5,000 years ago in the eastern Mediterranean region generally called the Near East (Levi 1974). Escapes of domestics from confinement for thousands of years have provided stocks that developed into feral populations. Feral pigeons now have characteristics of both wild and domestic ancestry, frequently live essentially as though they are wholly wild, and are capable of broadscale genetic introgression in wild colonies (Johnston et al. 1988, Johnston and Janiga 1995). In western Europe, wild colonies are known to exist in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland and perhaps on the coastline of northern and western Ireland; in the Mediterranean basin, wild colonies are known from coastal Sardinia, northwestern Egypt, and perhaps Libya and montane sectors of the former Yugoslavia. Interior montane North Africa, the Near East, Afghanistan, Pakistan, northwestern montane India, southwestern China, Uzbekistan, and Russia probably have Rock Dove populations that are still isolated from feral pigeons, but recent information is fragmentary. No information exists on the degree to which wild Rock Doves are killed for food by humans living under high densities in politically and economically unstable regions, but the birds can be subjected to overharvesting when their nesting cliffs are discovered by people short of dietary protein. For these reasons, as well as of the difficulties in travelling to some of the regions just noted, specimen samples of wild Rock Doves are not likely to be significantly augmented in the near future. An earlier report (Johnston 1992) on size variation was restricted to samples of male specimens, although a display of sexual size dimorphism over the characters employed was provided. Here I provide comparable data for females.


Three-dimensional external bit fields emanating from single and multiple magnetic transitions with a finite track width have been calculated. The magnetic field interferences between tracks have been also simulated. The results show that the fields have a large component in the track width direction near the transition edges. This contributes to field extension in the neighboring track direction. The amount of extension decreases with bit density increase. The results of our calculations are backed up by Lorentz microscopy observation of films in which bit fields are transcribed.


In this paper, we study H∞ tracking with preview problems for linear continuous-time systems driven by Wiener and Poisson Processes. We introduce Riccati differential equations affected by Poisson parameters to solve the problems. We consider more elaborate and more rigorous statements and arguments than related previous work based on [18]. Finally we investigate tracking performances for various preview lengths by numerical examples.


In this paper, we deal with the Orlicz geominimal surface area and give an integral representation by the OrliczPetty body. The notion of Orlicz mixed geominimal surface area will be introduced as an extension of the Orlicz geominimal surface area. Furthermore, some related inequalities are established, including Alexandrov-Fenchel type inequality, analogous cyclic inequality, Blaschke-Santaló type inequality, and affine isoperimetric inequality.


We present an embedded boundary-scan test vector management solution that ensures the correct version of test vectors is applied to the unit under test (UUT). This new vector management approach leverages the system-level boundary-scan multi-drop architecture employed in some high availability electronic systems. Compared to previous methods that do not use system-level boundary-scan resources for vector management, this new approach ensures that the correct boundary-scan vectors are retrieved from the UUT without affecting its operation and requires minimal UUT functionality to execute. The performance and effectiveness of this technique is shown using an actual design example that has been realized in a new product


An unprecedented multicomponent domino reaction of [60]fullerene, indole, and DMSO/HCl has been developed for the one-pot efficient synthesis of diverse N-substituted [60]fulleroindole derivatives. This methodology features simple operation, low cost, and transition-metal-circumvented and good functional group tolerance in indole.


[URGENCY OF THE SCIENCE OF MUKHTALIF AL-HADITH IN IJTIHAD: STUDY THE LAW OF JAMA' AND QADHA PRAYER]. This study examines the hadith which explains about praying without hindrance and reciting it for the dead. This research aims to find out how the law and how to perform 'prayers without hindrance and compare it for the deceased based on the evidence of hadiths, as well as the analysis of fiqh scholars. The method used is tahlili and muqarin, which is to analyze the hadiths that contradict the explicit meaning, then compared between the hadiths with reference to the science of mukhtalif al-hadith. Figures using the tahili method include: Ibn Hajar al-'Atsqalaniy, Al-'Abbas Syihab al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Qastalani, Syams al-Din Muhammad bin Yusuf bin 'Ali al-Kirmani, Muhammad bin' Abd al-Baqi 'bin Yusuf al-Zarqani. Those who use the method of muqarin are Imam Nawawi and Badr al-Din Abu Muhammad Mahmud bin Ahmad. Differences of opinion among the scholars of fiqh (khilafiyah), because there is no explanation in qath'i both in the Qur'an and Sunnah. From here comes the ijtihad of scholars whose truth is relative (zhanniy). In the matter of the law of praying 'prayers without hindrance, and its qadha for the dead are found hadiths whose explicit meaning contradict each other. The science of mukhtalif al-hadith is a solution in ijtihad to compromise and get legal conclusions. The output of this study makes a positive contribution for Muslims to obtain legal clarity as a practical reference in practice.


Let G be a reductive algebraic group. The algebraic analogue of EG is attained by approximation. Let V be a C-vector space. Let G × V → V be an algebraic representation of G. Let W ⊂ V be a G-invariant open set satisfying: (i) The complement of W in V is of codimension greater than q. (ii) G acts freely on W . (iii) There exists a geometric quotient W → W/G. W is an approximation of EG up to codimension q. Let e = dim(W/G). The equivariant Chow groups of G (acting on a point) are defined by:


Focused Ion Beams (FIB) have become increasingly popular for Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) sample preparation. The underlying ion-solid interactions of the ion beam with the sample generates a multitude of artefacts in the sample including but not limited to ion implantation, dislocation-and vacancy formation as well as amorphization. The FIB-induced artefacts are well recognized for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) lamella preparation and FIB protocols are designed to reduce artefacts, artefacts such as the thickness of amorphous layers of the FIB prepared lamella (1). On the other hand, artefact generation and a thorough understanding on their impact on EBSD measurements is not extensively discussed in literature. Artefact generation which can lead to significant changes in microstructure are now increasingly being reported in literature for FIB EBSD sample polishing (2,3). This work investigates the underlying causes of the artefact formation when using ion beams for EBSD sample preparation and their potential impact on EBSD measurement interpretation. To this end, artefacts that can be induced in Cu using both Ga FIB and Ne HIM are investigated experimentally for different Ga FIB / Ne HIM polishing parameters using EBSD and TEM. The impact of the underlying ion solid interactions on artefact formation is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations (SRIM). The presented results show how ion beam polishing can induce artefacts that can easily lead to misinterpretation of EBSD results. Ga polishing can induce not only substantial changes in crystal structure but also induce phase transformations even for polishing with lower ion energies at glancing angles. Using high energy (25keV) Ne ions at glancing angles was found to significantly improve indexing while avoiding sample alterations that could lead to EBSD misinterpretation. The evaluation of SRIM simulation and experimental results suggest that minimizing the number of displacements as well as the resulting ion implantation concentration is essential to avoidance of significant sample alterations


We report the detection of the radio galaxy M87 in the 20-60 keV energy band by INTEGRAL. The detected flux cannot be explained by the high-energy tail of the thermal X-ray emission from the core of Virgo cluster. The signal can also not be explained by non-thermal emission from the nucleus and kpc-scale jet of M87 in quiescence. We argue that plausible explanations of the observed flux could be the HST-1 knot when flaring or the extended non-thermal emission from the large-scale radio halo of M87. These two alternate explanations can be tested with future monitoring of the source with INTEGRAL.


The effects of storage temperatures on the track registration of CR-39 as a solid state nuclear track detectors have been investigated. The results show that the storage CR-39 detectors cause partial or complete removal of tracks depending on storaged time and temperatures. The bulk activation energy for CR-39 has been found to be 0.883 eV.


The translation of advertising texts in the German language should be oriented to the achievement of dynamic equivalence. For this purpose it is necessary to consider features of texts of this type. The principle of formal compliance with applicable only for the transcription and transliteration of names, trademarks, but not to translate slogans.


This paper deseribes the operating principles of the old and the new speed reference systems for finishing mill group of WISCO Hot Rolling Mill, and presents the method to implementsuch a new system by software as well as its advantages.


Objective
To investigatethe significance of serum carbohydrate antigen (CA)125, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) in the diagnosis of bone metastasis from lung cancer.

Methods
A total of 222 patients, including 91 lung cancer patients with bone metastasis (49 males, 42 females, average age (60.07±10.60) years; group A), 75 lung cancerpatientswithout bone metastasis (57 males, 18 females, average age (62.20±12.63) years; group B), 56 patients with benign lung diseases (34 males, 22 females, average age (61.45±10.66) years; group C) were recruited from January 2015 to January 2016. The electrochemiluminescence was applied to detect serum levels of CA125, CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE and SCCA. Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to analyze data.

Results
The levels of serum CA125, CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE in group A were higher than those in group B and C (H values: 13.45-44.96, all P 0.05). The areas under ROC curves for CA125, CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, SCCA were 0.667, 0.702, 0.602, 0.664, 0.440, respectively. The positive rate of serum NSE in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients was higher than that in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (17/18 vs 32.88% (24/73); χ2=22.11, P<0.05); CEA was highly expressed in adenocarcinoma, and SCCA was highly expressed in squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with grade Ⅲ+ Ⅳmetastasis (n=52) had higher levels of CA125, CEA, NSE compared to patients with Ⅰ+ Ⅱmetastasis (n=39; z values: from -2.54 to -0.32, all P<0.05). The sensitivity of combined detection of 5 tumor markers was 97.80%(89/91), which was significantly higher than that of single tumor marker (χ2 values: 35.46-138.23, all P<0.05).

Conclusion
Serum levels of CA125, CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE and SCCA play a role in the diagnosis of bone metastasis from lung cancer, and the combined detection of the 5 tumor markers contribute to the early detection of bone metastases.

Key words:
Lung neoplasms; Neoplasm metastasis; Skeleton; Diagnosis; Tumor markers, biological; Tomography, emission-computed, single-photon; Tomography, X-ray computed; Technetium 99m medronate


From paints to food products, solvent evaporation is ubiquitous and critically impacts product rheological properties. It affects Newtonian fluids by concentrating any nonvolatile components and viscoelastic materials, which harden up. In both of these cases, solvent evaporation leads to a change in the volume of the sample, which makes any rheological measurements particularly challenging with traditional shear geometries. Here, we show that the rheological properties of a sample experiencing "slow" evaporation can be monitored in a time-resolved fashion by using a zero normal force controlled protocol in a parallel-plate geometry. Solvent evaporation from the sample leads to a decrease of the normal force, which is compensated at all times by a decrease of the gap height between the plates. As a result, the sample maintains a constant contact area with the plates, despite the significant decrease of its volume. We validate the method under both oscillatory and continuous shear by accurately monitoring the viscosity of water–glycerol mixtures experiencing evaporation and a relative volume decrease as large as 70%. Moreover, we apply this protocol to drying suspensions. Specifically, we monitor a dispersion of charged silica nanoparticles undergoing a glass transition induced by evaporation. While the decrease in gap height provides a direct estimate of the increasing particle volume fraction, oscillatory and continuous shear measurements allow us to monitor the evolving viscoelastic properties of the suspension in real time. Overall, our study shows that a zero normal force protocol provides a simple approach to bulk and time-resolved rheological characterization for systems experiencing slow volume variations.


The invention relates to a moderate oxygen control constant-temperature humidity conditioning storage container which is in a square container body structure. A refrigeration chamber is arranged on one inner side of the storage container body, an equipment chamber is arranged between the refrigeration chamber and the other side in the storage container, a plurality of mist nozzles are mounted at intervals and uniformly distributed on the inner top of the refrigeration chamber, a heat exchanger, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, an O2 sensor and a CO2 sensor are fixedly mounted on the wall of the equipment chamber in the refrigeration chamber, and a moderate oxygen control device, a refrigerator, a humidity conditioner, an air supply electromagnetic valve and an electronic control unit are mounted in the equipment chamber. The storage container is capable of moderately controlling the concentration of oxygen in the container body besides the constant temperature humidity conditioning function, the low-temperature, high-humidity and oxygen-control integrated container environment can better control respiration intensity of fruits and vegetables, and accordingly refreshment time can be prolonged.


The electroweak production of single top quarks via so called W gluon fusion in protonproton interactions at TeV has been studied. Single top quark production cross sections have been calculated. Simulations of the top quark production in W gluon fusion process with further decay to final state has been performed. The use of several kinematical distributions allowed to suppress background and to perform the reconstruction of the mass of the ! system. At an integrated luminosity of " #$ &% (' *) , the signalto-background ratio close to 5 is achived. +(, Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan. -(, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russian Federation. . , Institute for High Energy Physics, Tbilisi State University, Georgia. / , University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro. 0 , Now at Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada. EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH


Eutrophication is a persistent water quality problem, plaguing water resource managers around the globe. In South Africa, eutrophication has been recognised as a priority water quality problem for over 30 years. The country has some of the most nutrient enriched water bodies in the world, highly problematic considering that, as a water scarce country, South Africa is hugely dependent on water stored in dams.


----------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------Statistical analysis of wind speed data for Jos location in North Central, Nigeria was conducted based on monitored wind speed data, which was monitored at thirty minute interval using cup anemometer mounted at 10m height, for a period of three years (2008 – 2010). The measurement was conducted using automatic weather measuring instrument data logger model Weather Link 5.7.1. Assessment of wind energy resource potentials for the site was performed using Weibull probability distribution functions. It was discovered that the measured average monthly wind speed of Sokoto vary from 3.93 m/s in the month of September to 7.38m/s in the month of March for the whole years. While, monthly mean wind speed and monthly average power densities predicted by Weibull probability density function at same height were found to vary from 3.61 m/s to 6.91m/s and 51.92 W/m to 309.04W/m, for same period. Furthermore, the statistical parameters obtained from the results has shown that the coefficient of determination , 2 R  2 and RMSE, between the actual measured


In executing the Security Council's mandate, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA)- composed of the United States and the United Kingdom, the two member states that presently occupy Iraq - bears a special responsibility in retrieving stolen cultural objects, preserving and restoring archaeological, historical, and cultural sites that have suffered damage.


Studies on bacteriophage growth and development in the1940s played a vital role in the history of molecular biology (11,24, 29). The classical one-step growth experiment (17) definedlatent period, rise time, and burst size, and the eclipse periodwas discovered by disrupting infected bacteria before theirspontaneous lysis (14). By the time bacterial physiology wasestablished as a discipline (25, 32), molecular biology had be-come so attractive that some unsolved questions in phage-hostcell interactions have been ignored and never seriously lookedat since. The vast amount of knowledge gained during the last35 years on the biochemistry, genetics, and physiology of bac-teria (23, 26, 30) enables a fresh look on these interactions,which may shed light on various cell properties (15, 20).In a typical one-step growth experiment, a culture of cells ismixed with phage suspension at a low multiplicity of infectionto guarantee single infections. Samples are withdrawn period-ically and plated on a lawn of sensitive bacteria, and the num-ber of phages is calculated from the number of plaques formedafter overnight incubation. This straightforward procedure hasrecently been used to describe the development of the T4bacteriophage inside


Microseismic monitoring has many applications that need very precise tools to model wave propagation through complex structures in order to obtain acceptable results. Here we propose a new set of accurate tools to compute numerically the wave attributes such as traveltimes, amplitudes and polarization. Our numerical scheme assumes spherical wave fronts that enables us to avoid source singularities due to plane wave assumption. We thus obtain very accurate gradients of the traveltimes, which are needed to compute correct amplitudes and polarization. Furthermore, in high contrast velocity models, traveltime gradients are generally discontinuous due to refracted arrivals. We compute amplitudes and polarization jointly to the traveltimes to have correct gradients and consequently better results of amplitudes and polarizations. These attributes are necessary for focal mechanism computation, detection sensibility estimation and microseisms location.


HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is the de-facto standard for video delivery over the Internet. It enables dynamic adaptation of video quality by splitting a video into small segments and providing multiple quality levels per segment. So far, HAS services typically utilize a fixed segment duration. This reduces the encoding and streaming variability and thus allows a faster encoding of the video content and a reduced prediction complexity for adaptive bit rate algorithms. Due to the content-agnostic placement of I-frames at the beginning of each segment, additional encoding overhead is introduced. In order to mitigate this overhead, variable segment durations, which take encoder placed I-frames into account, have been proposed recently. Hence, a lower number of I-frames is needed, thus achieving a lower video bitrate without quality degradation. While several proposals exploiting variable segment durations exist, no comparative study highlighting the impact of this technique on coding efficiency and adaptive streaming performance has been conducted yet. This paper conducts such a holistic comparison within the adaptive video streaming eco-system. Firstly, it provides a broad investigation of video encoding efficiency for variable segment durations. Secondly, a measurement study evaluates the impact of segment duration variability on the performance of HAS using three adaptation heuristics and the dash.js reference implementation. Our results show that variable segment durations increased the Quality of Experience for 54% of the evaluated streaming sessions, while reducing the overall bitrate by 7% on average.


The present invention relates to a highly efficient desulfurizing method that can handle the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide at the same time, to the desulfurization method of the present invention is hydrogen sulfide and the continuous reaction using a sulfur dioxide as a primary oxidizing agent contained in the reaction gas to sulfur dioxide and most of the hydrogen sulfide and then removing the oxide by treatment by the remaining hydrogen sulfide to the oxidant gas in the presence of a catalyst, the process is also simple, in particular, Klaus (Claus) containing 3-5% sulfur in the exhaust from the process tail handle (tail) to a gas of at least 99% efficiency can do.


Like Carbon (DLC) coatings that exhibit outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability and tribological performance. It is well established that the frictional and wear performances of a-C:H:Si:O are less dependent on environment than that of pure hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H). However the fundamental mechanisms accounting for such excellent tribological behavior of a-C:H:Si:O are still not fully understood. The present work, which is part of a collaboration between the Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systemes of Ecole Centrale de Lyon and the department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics of University of Pennsylvania, consists in using a multi-scale, multidisciplinary and multi-technique experimental approach for understanding the influence of environment on the tribological response of a-C:H:Si:O. A wide rang of complementary techniques, including nanoindentation, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Friction Force Microscopy (FFM), optical and electron microscopy, Raman, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and near edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS), have thus been used to fully characterize the structure, composition and mechanics of the studied material, as deposited as well as after tribological testing. Control of the environment has been achieved first thanks to an open air linear reciprocating tribometer that we equipped with a gas blowing system, thus allowing a quick change of the sliding environment, and a environment-controlled analytical tribometer operating from high vacuum to elevated pressures of desired gases. We were able to evidence the strong influence of the amount of water vapor in the environment on the friction behavior of a- C:H:Si:O, with a reversible behavior when abruptly changing the environment. Contrary to water vapor, oxygen promotes the wear of a-C:H:Si:O. SEM observations revealed that while sliding a-C:H:Si:O against 52100 steel, the frictional response is controlled by the build-up and the release of adhesive junctions within the interface. Under high vacuum and below a threshold pressure of water vapor (1 mbar), oxygen (10 mbar) and hydrogen (50 mbar), adhesive junctions are released in the steel, resulting in a transfer of material from steel to a-C:H:Si:O and in a high coefficient of friction (μ≈1.2). However, as the gas pressure is increased above the threshold, the adhesive junctions break on the a-C:H:Si:O side, leading to a material transfer in the opposite direction, from the a-C:H:Si:O to the steel. NEXAFS spectroscopy revealed that a dissociative reaction occurs between the gaseous species and the strained C–C atoms in the near surface region ofa-C:H:Si:O, thus resulting in a drastic decrease of the steady state coefficient of friction by at least an order of magnitude. In light of these observations, an analytical model has been proposed to describe the fundamental interaction mechanisms between the environment and the a-C:H:Si:O/steel tribopairs.


A new foamed silicone sealant was prepared by blending of RTV silicone rubber,zinc oxide,hydrogen-containing silicone oil and catalyst.The testing method and the effect of environmental conditions on the properties of the sealent were studied


Optimal shielding structure design plays a guiding role in the implementation of radiation protection engineering. The achievement of the optimal arrangement and thickness ratio for the layers of materials is the key to attaining a light-weight and small-volume shield but with the best shielding effect. In this research, the optimization design method is established by the genetic algorithm combined with the Monte Carlo N-particle code, and a four-layer neutron shield composed of iron (Fe), boron carbon (B4C), lead (Pb), and polyethylene (PE) is designed. When setting the total thickness of the shield to 20 cm, different arrangements and thickness combinations of these four layers are calculated. It is shown that the arrangement Fe-PE–B4C–Pb is the most radiological optimizing arrangement, and the optimal thickness combination is also obtained. Besides, it seems that the thicker the shield, the higher the requirement for the thickness ratio of Fe and Pb. In order to prove this, an optimal 80 cm thick shield is then designed, and the optimal thickness ratio is also obtained. It is found that the thickness ratio of Fe and Pb should also be increased in order to achieve the best shielding effect.


An implementation of exterior complex scaling using the finite elements method with high degree polynomials is presented. We apply the method to find the resonances of the potential 7.5r 2e−r and of a phenomenological coupled channel model of the CaH molecule. In both cases the method is quickly convergent and extremely stable numerically. Convergence could be pushed to the point where the real parts of most resonance energies were independent of the complex scaling angle and of the exterior scaling radius within machine precision (14 significant digits). All imaginary parts were stable to at least eight significant digits. Several resonances of CaH which had evaded searches with a finite difference method could be located.


In this paper we study optimal control problem for non local Cahn-HilliardBrinkman system which models phase separation of binary fluids in porous media. We consider the system in two dimensional bounded domain with regular potential. We extend recently proved existence of weak solution results for such a system and prove the existence of strong solution under certain assumptions on the forcing term and initial datum. Further using our regularity results, we study the tracking type optimal control problem. We prove the existence of an optimal control and establish the first order optimality condition. Lastly, we characterize optimal control in terms of the solution of corresponding adjoint system. The existence of solution for the adjoint system is also established.


25.7% for news directors. The percentages for those who said they must go through channels to reach lawyers was 47.3% for editors and 36.3% for news directors (X2= 6.922; df = 5; N.S.). The availability of lawyers appears to be somewhat higher for television newsrooms than for daily newspapers, although the modes of the percentages coincided ineach category, with the highest percentages in each case denoting that lawyers must be reached through channels. The greater availability of lawyers to television newsrooms may reflect that medium's status as a regulated industry under the Federal Communications Commission. Finally, one characteristic of editors and news directors themselves, their number of years' news experience, also was tabulated in the national survey. In this category, similarities outweighed differences. The majority from each medium had more than 10 years' experience, 68.9% for editors and 70.1 % for news directors. The second most frequently-noted category was five to nine years' experience: 18.9% for editors and 22.6% for news directors. None of the managing editors listed less than two years' experience while 2.3% of the news directors did so.


The invention relates to an electrochemical energy source comprising at least one assembly of: a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate solid-state electrolyte separating said first electrode and said second electrode. The invention also relates to an electronic module provided with such an electrochemical energy source. The invention further relates to an electronic device provided with such an electrochemical energy source. Moreover, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing such an electrochemical energy source.


This paper proposes a study and simulation of a miniature SEPIC Converter with PI controller for thermoelectric generator module (TEG). Objective of the study is to determine possibility of whether it could be an alternative power source for mobile or portable energy storage devices. A system model of this study comprises of TEG, SEPIC converter, PI controller and various loading resistance. Experimental results, by simulation on MATLAB-Simulink, illustrated that TEG module can be used as power source with proper design controller and loading range.


NEW MATERIAL: A compd. represented by formula I [wherein a group represented by formula II is either one of rings represented by formulae II-V (X is O or S), R 1 is a 1-6C alkyl, a 2-6C alkenyl, a 3-5C cycloalkyl-1-4C alkyl or 1-4C alkyl which is substituted by a 1-6 fluoro groups]. EXAMPLE: 6-(2-Propoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-one. USE: This new material is an inhibitor of calmodulin insensitive cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, a bronchodilator and a vasodilator and useful for treating asthma, bronchities, angina, hypertension and congestive heart failure. PROCESS: A compd. represented by formula VI and a compd. represented by formula VII (wherein L 1 is a 1-4C alkoxy or amino) are reacted to obtain the composition represented by formula I (wherein the group represented by formula II is a group represented by formula III). COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


The present study reveals that the ethical and moral value education programme has its positive effect in promoting patriotic feeling among the secondary level students.The 60 Secondary School Students (IX & X) studying in Assandh educational block in Karnal District of Haryana state constituted the population for the study which is randomly selected by using lottery method. A selfdeveloped Value Education Programme (VEP) used for the experimentation on the Experimental group up to five weeks.The present study based on the primary data measurement related to value education programme and patriotic spirit.


This study aims to determine the mechanical properties of chopped strand mat fiber composite fiber boat made from plywood. This research consisted of 3 mm Triplex material with standard ASTM D3039 specimens consisting of 5 samples, Chopped Strand Mat 450 Fiber, 1 kg, catalyst, and resin. Samples were tested mechanically by using a tensile test machine A & D Tensilon Machine Type RTF-2425 with a maximum capacity of 250 kN, ie composite materials which amounted to 5 samples according to ASTM standards. The mechanical properties of composite materials illustrate the strength and toughness, the tensile strength of the chopped strand mat composite fiber material in the manufacture of triplex-based fiber composite boats is 113,676 MPa. There is a difference in the tensile strength of 33% of the chopped Strand Mat Fiber Composite material made from plywood and Chopped Strand Mat Fiber Composite material made from fiber plates.


For languages such as English, several constituent-to-dependency conversion schemes are proposed to construct corpora for dependency parsing. It is hard to determine which scheme is better because they reflect different views of dependency analysis. We usually obtain dependency parsers of different schemes by training with the specific corpus separately. It neglects the correlations between these schemes, which can potentially benefit the parsers. In this paper, we study how these correlations influence final dependency parsing performances, by proposing a joint model which can make full use of the correlations between heterogeneous dependencies, and finally we can answer the following question: parsing heterogeneous dependencies jointly or separately, which is better? We conduct experiments with two different schemes on the Penn Treebank and the Chinese Penn Treebank respectively, arriving at the same conclusion that jointly parsing heterogeneous dependencies can give improved performances for both schemes over the individual models.


Abstract: Biopolymeric amphiphiles are biomacromolecules with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics exhibiting fascinating phenomena of self-organization, co-assembly with other molecules, and surface adsorption. Block-wise distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers enhances the amphiphilic behavior. Compared to low molecular weight surfactants, the larger size and the block-copolymeric structure provide polymeric amphiphiles with superior properties as nanoencapsulators. This chapter introduces the chemo-physical mechanisms leading to biopolymer self-assembly binding and co-assembly with bioactives. It classifies biopolymeric amphiphiles used in food systems, describing their structure, properties and self-assembly behavior. The binding and co-assembly of biopolymeric amphiphiles and nutraceuticals are discussed, and examples of applications in delivery of nutraceuticals are tabulated. Finally, future trends and emerging materials are highlighted, and sources of further information are pointed out.


Torpedo is one of the main threats to surface ships.How to protect their vulnerable surface ships from the growing underwater threat has become a key problem for navies worldwide.To track the development trend of overseas torpedo technology will help us to develop new effective surface ship torpedo defense systems.In this paper,the status quo and development trend of overseas anti-surface ship torpedo are analyzed based on the lately reference material concerned.Homing technology and propulsion system et al.are discussed and surveyed,which are closely related to the effectiveness of torpedo defense systems.


The invention discloses a method for increasing the anomaly detection efficiency of an SMARTRACK system, relating to the field of testing of server systems. According to distribution of IPs of different cabinets and different nodes, a script is compiled; main parameters in need of being detected are stored in the script; then, the script is operated; system-level, board card-level and part-level parameter detection of all the nodes can be completed; therefore, the detection efficiency is increased; at the same time, by adopting the method, the production and test periods can be obviously shortened; and the market competitiveness of products is increased.


A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the species of Exomalopsis (Phanomalopsis) are presented. E. diminuta Silveira is removed from this subgenus. This species and E. dubia, described here as new, may be part of E. (Diomalopsis); however, they are left as incertae sedis in Exomalopsis until their males are discovered. Twelve species are recognized in E. (Phanomalopsis), four of which (E. eremalis, E. griswoldi, E. gualamba and E. perikalles) are described as new. The males of E. jenseni Friese, E. dasypoda Strand, and E. atlantica Silveira and the female of E. testaceinervis Brèthes are described for the first time. New synonymies are recognized and a key is presented for the identification of the species. Phylogenetic analyses reveal three main lineages in the subgenus – 1) E. solitaria Brèthes, restricted to temperate semidesert areas of Argentina and Bolivia and which is sister to all other species; 2) the aureosericea species-group, including E. trifasciata Brèthes, E. perikalles sp.n., E. atlantica Silveira and E. aureosericea Friese, which inhabit temperate semidesert and subtropical areas in southern South America (the two former ones) and tropical areas of southeastern Brazil (the two latter); and 3) the jenseni species-group, comprising E. snowi Cockerell, E. griswoldi sp.n., E. testaceinervis, E. dasypoda, E. eremalis sp.n., E. jenseni Friese and E. gualamba sp.n., which, except for the first two, inhabit temperate semidesertic areas of South America. E. snowi occurs from Panama to southern United States and E. griswoldi in xeric areas near the coasts of Venezuela and Colombia but also southward in Roraima state, in Brazil.
Keywords: Wild bees, Exomalopsini, Neotropics, Taxonomy, Phylogeny.


Among fully employed workers, it is those employed or selfemployed in the small business sector who are least likely to be covered by group health insurance plans. It is hypothesized that small employers are more burdened than large employers by the costs associated with such health plans and are therefore less likely to provide them. Three suggested components of this cost are: 1) the relatively greater cost of group health plans to small employers, 2) the relatively greater labor-intensiveness of small business, and 3) the relatively smaller pass-through potential of small business. These three components interact multiplicatively in a typical fixed-coefficients mark-up pricing model, yielding a substantially regressive impact-biased against small business--from modest assumptions concerning individual comparative costs. A National Health Insurance program which mandated employer-employee group health insurance would therefore be inimical to the interests of small business, particularly when the disparity between existing levels of coverage across small and large firms is considered. Two recommendations emerge from this analysis: 1) If there is to be National Health Insurance, it ought to be administered on the basis of geography and not employment. 2) Any program which would mandate employerfinancing of employee benefits should be examined in light of its potential for regressive impact. This second recommendation is particularly germane to the current discussion surrounding Social Security and pension reform.


Plateau characteristics are a special type of characteristics whose probability depends on the key and can have only 2 values. For a (usually small) subset of the keys it has a non-zero probability and for all other keys its probability is zero. In this paper we prove that for a large group of ciphers, including the AES, all two-round characteristics are plateau characteristics. For the AES and other ciphers with a similar structure we show that the vast majority of characteristics over 4 or more rounds are plateau characteristics. In the case of the AES, for most keys there are two-round characteristics with fixed-key probability equal to 32/2 while the Maximum Expected Differential Probability (MEDP) of two-round differentials is at most 13.25/2 .


THIS patient was shown before the Laryngological Society of London in February, 1907, and her case is described in the Proceedings, vol. xiv, p. 65. It seems that for about ten years she has had increasing difficulty in nasal respiration. Seven years ago an operation was performed in Dr. Heryng's clinic in Warsaw, with some relief. When exhibited in 1907 there was a red, fleshy diaphragm extending from the base of the soft palate upwards and backwards to the roof of the nasopharynx. Through an oval opening in the centre of this fleshy membrane one could see a small part of the posterior edge of the septum. Under chloroform this fleshy membrane, which was found to be of almost cartilaginous-like hardness, was plucked away, partly through the mouth and partly through the nose. Nasal respiration was completely restored and the patient remained quite comfortable for two years. In March, 1910, the membrane was again seen to be re-forming, and the condition now is very like what it was in February, 1907. At the operation two years ago it was difficult to get a satisfactory piece of growth for examination, as it all came away in shreds. But examination by Dr. Emery failed to reveal Frisch's bacillus.


Implementation errors of pre-steering (PS) delays lead to severe performance degradation in the generalised sidelobe canceller-based adaptive wideband beamformer (G-AWBF). Therefore, a G-AWBF without PS delays is proposed. To eliminate PS delays, the G-AWBF is designed in the linear space spanned by the generalised steering vector (GSV) which is defined as the Kronecker product of spatial and temporal steering vectors. Based on GSVs, the quiescent weight and blocking matrix are constructed to substitute PS delays. Compared with the conventional G-AWBF, due to the removal of PS delays, an improved signal to interference and noise ratio can be achieved with reduced system complexity. With less adaptive weights and various versions of unconstrained adaptive algorithms being applicable, the proposed G-AWBF outperforms the existing Frost-based AWBF without PS delays in terms of computational load and robustness. Numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed G-AWBF.


We consider a wireless broadcast station that transmits packets to multiple users. The packet requests for each user may overlap, and some users may already have certain packets. This presents a problem of broadcasting in the presence of side information, and is a generalization of the well known (and unsolved) index coding problem of information theory. Rather than achieving the full capacity region, we develop a code-constrained capacity region, which restricts attention to a pre-specified set of coding actions. We develop a dynamic max-weight algorithm that allows for random packet arrivals and supports any traffic inside the code-constrained capacity region. Further, we provide a simple set of codes based on cycles in the underlying demand graph. We show these codes are optimal for a class of broadcast relay problems.


The variability of teachers' marks as recorded in the form of letters or percentages has received a large amount of observation and investigation. Special study has been made of the variation of teachers' marks by having a large number of teachers estimate the same set of papers and evaluate the same set of questions, and by comparing the marks the pupils of various schools receive when brought together in the same school. From these studies it is concluded that the marks assigned by teachers in general are inaccurate measures of the abilities of pupils and are doubtful gauges for determining credit or promotion. The conclusions of investigators that teachers' marks are an inaccurate means for determining merit must be definitely taken into account by any school which introduces a system of weighted credits. The Parkersburg High School established a policy of awarding six-tenths of a unit for each semester subject in which the pupil received a mark above 92 per cent, five-tenths of a unit for each with a mark between 8o and 92 per cent, and four-tenths of a unit for each with a mark between 71 and 8o per cent. The discussion which follows endeavors to present the effort made by the faculty of this school to discover and to rectify wide variations in marking, in order that the plan of weighted credits might at least approximate justice. It is reasonable to expect all qualified teachers to give a pupil approximately the same mark for the same recitation unit. Further, it is reasonable to assume that the median ability of a large number of pupils is about the same as the median of any other similar group. Therefore, the median mark of all the pupils of one teacher should be approximately the same as the median


Berries of Vitis vinifera, cvv. Muscat Gordo Blanco and Doradillo, were measured at close intervals (during the day or daily) sequentially while on the vine. Measurements of berry diameter and deformability showed that : (a) There were large diurnal fluctuations due to a decrease in diameter and an increase in softening during the day, both recovering by nightfall. (b) There was a prolonged and steady increase in diameter of 0.043 mm day-1, which was ended by a spurt of growth (an increase of about 0.25 mm during one day), followed then by a second prolonged increase at a new rate of 0.090 mm day-1. (c) Softening, as revealed by deformability, which was initially low, was heralded by a sudden increase followed by a steady daily increase for more than a week. (d) The increase in deformability usually, though not always, preceded the increase in diameter, the median difference being 6 days. (e) There was no evidence of a relationship between the time of softening and vascular proximity of berries on the bunch.


Weight is an important index system in the evaluation system. In order to improve the objectivity and accuracy of weight calculation in the model of intelligent machining system, we adopt the method of combining subjective with objective, calculate two groups of weights by using entropy weight method and expert ranking method, and then determine the combined weights by combining weights method to obtain a combination of both. The reasonable weight of subjective and objective analysis is used to obtain the intelligent scheduling model of Rail Guided Vehicle in intelligent machining system.


CuScore was proposed by Box and Ramirez (1992) as a statistical process control scheme. Applying CuScore to ARMA coefficients has not been reported. This article proposes a simple yet effective method using CuScore to monitor coefficient shifts in ARMA process. The use is illustrated with examples of simulated and real production data. It can be seen that CuScore is effective in sequentially detecting ARMR coefficient shifts, hence in this term superior to the usual cumulative scheme such as CUSUM. A plan to distinguish coefficient shift and mean or variance shift in ARMA process is also recommended.


This study examines the cases of 49 patients with renal carcinoma, all aged over 75 years old, who underwent nephrectomy. Data regarding the post-operative period, the morbility and death rare connected with the operation and the neoplasm were assessed and compared with those of a control group. It has been concluded that age is not an absolute contraindication and nor are the associated pathologies. The pre and post-operative management of the patient is, however, important.


Objective To assess the MRI image features and classification of intracranial tuberculosis.Methods MRI images features and classification manifestations of 35 intracranial tuberculosis cases were analyzed retrospectively· All the cases were diagnosed by clinical manifestations,PPD test,chest film,CSF,pathological results and antituberculotic treatment.They included 19 cases of tuberculous meningitis:13 cases tuberculoma ;5 cases tuberculoma combined with meningitis.Results The MR imaging features of tuberculosis are cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus,distention of the affected subarachnoid spaces and abnormal meningeal enhancement and cistern enhancement after Gadolinium-DTPA administration.The MR imaging features of tuberculoma showed space-occupying effect,hydrocephalus and occasionally calcification.Low density on T2-weighted images and ring or nodular contrast enhancement were considered to be its typical features.Conclusion MRI could prove typical feature and is valuable in the diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis.MRI classification could result into suitable treatment·


Motorola and National Semiconductor 54HC00 and 54HC74 microcircuits were evaluated using CO-60 to determine their total dose radiation hardness. The devices were found to be radiation soft failing parametrically between 5 and 10 K rads and functionaly between 20 and 40 K rads. The failures were bias dependent, relatively insensitive to dose rate, and only annealed moderately when left unbiased at room temperature.


The analyses the processes, that constituted the foundation of law base for such new elements of education system modernization as the introduction of the state examination, multi-level educational system, employers involvement. It shows the contradictory social and political processes that accompanied this work.


[Objective] To investigate the relationship of characteristics of metabolic syndrome among golden wedding couples with environmental factors.[Methods] Randomized sampling method was used to collect golden couple,and investi-gate the metabolic syndrome related indexes among them,including blood pressure,body mass index(BMI),dyslipidemia(serum triglyceride and high-density ester protein),and pathoglycemia(fasting blood glucose and postprandial two hours glucose),etc.;and the acquired environmental factors such as level of education and family income,medical insurance,habits of diet,tobacco and alcohol indexes,etc.Insulin resistance(IR)was calculated by formula of HOMA-IR.The control group was long-term widowed persons and matched with the cases by age(males and females each 200).The targets in the two groups were compared.The diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome were sourced from Chinese diabetic metabolic syndrome Branch(CDS)in 2004.[Results] A total of 587 couples were tested,the total MS standardized morbidity was 17.97%,which was lower than the control group(27.50%)(P﹤0.05);The incidence of high blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid abnormalities among cases was significantly lower than that of control group.The income,educational level,the proportion of health care and diet control awareness in cases were higher than those in controls.The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular stroke,and IR ratio in cases were lower than controls(P﹤0.05);Couple were both with and without MS were 85 couples and 461 couples,respectively,which accounted for 93.02% of all couples investigated.[Conclusion] The incidence of MS was significantly low-er than widowed persons with the same age,which indicated the stable and favorable marriage life is the protective factors for MS,and this phenomenon may be related to the degree of insulin resistance,economic and cultural levels,the proportion of participants,diet control consciousness,and other relevant;Wedding couples in MS patients showed a high degree of aggregation,and these may also associated with acquired environmental factors.


Abstract Oxidative stress occurs in diabetic patients and experimental models of diabetes. The antioxidant property of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil (PGEO) might have a beneficial effect in ameliorating the disease. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PGEO on oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The antidiabetic and antioxidant activities were evaluated after sub-acute intraperitoneal injection of male rats to 42.5 mg/kg b.w. essential oil for 21 days. In results, we found that PGEO significantly protected against the increase of blood glucose induced by alloxan treatment. In addition, we showed that sub-acute essential oil treatment induced a decrease of lipoperoxydation, as well as, the induction of antioxidant enzyme activities. The use of GC-MS technique revealed the identification of many compounds in PGEO with (R)-citronellol (31.61%) as the main compound. The protective effect of PGEO is mainly attributed to antioxidant property.


This paper presents a single-stage non-isolated modified multiplier SEPIC converter for high voltage gain. The modified and multiplier technique reported in the literature are used to conventional SEPIC converters to obtain high voltage gain and low voltage stress across the switch. The proposed topology combines merits of both of these techniques simultaneously in the SEPIC converter to evolve a new converter topology. It provides high voltage gain, simple circuit with single switch, lower input current ripple, reduced voltage across the switch, and allows high switching frequency. Even higher voltage gain can be obtained by adding additional multiplier levels. The paper describes the principle of operation of proposed converter, derivation of its static gain along with other parameters. MATLAB/ SIMLINK based simulation studies have been performed to justify the claimed features of the proposed converter.


during breathing, energy is required to overcome the resistance of the lung. Traditionally, the airways were thought to account for the major proportion of the energy dissipated. However, the parenchymal tissues behave as a viscoelastic material, and it has recently been recognized that much of the


In order to sort out and analyse the evolution of the policy of sci-tech special commissioners in China, this paper takes 415 sci-tech special commissioners policy documents issued by the central and local governments from 2002 to 2019 as samples, and uses the methods of co-word analysis and cluster analysis, to determine the high-frequency theme words of the policy texts in different stages, to realize the interpretation of the policy changes, and to summarize the four stages of the development of sci-tech commissioner's policy, from 2002 to 2005, from 2006 to 2009, from 2010 to 2015, from 2016 to 2019, the pilot exploration stage, the comprehensive extension stage, the sustainable development stage, and the deepening promotion stage.


Nurses are usually the first responders to in-hospital cardiac arrests. Therefore, they must be master in basic resuscitation skills. They should also be able to recognize basic ECG rhythms since they are responsible for monitoring and clinical decision-making based on the information obtained from the monitor. Assessing the level of skill on ECG and its interpretations among nursing students and to associate the clinical variables with the level of skill. This was a cross-sectional study of nursing students studying at a selected nursing institute in Uttar Pradesh. Nursing students who were studying GNM II year, GNM III year, BSc II year, BSc III year, BSc IV year, P. BSc I year, and P. BSc II year who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Using a computer-generated Haahr's random number table, a total of 200 samples were chosen. The data was gathered using the case vignette tool. The majority of nursing students (82%) of nursing students had very poor skill, 13.50 % had poor skill, 4.50 % had Average skill on ECG and interpretation.


Applications such as social media in the business environment have profound profit
implications. Large companies around the globe have invested much of their resources to
incorporate social media applications as an important marketing tool to reach their customers.
Cost reduction, increase capability, communication improvement and customer service
improvement are among the benefits perceived by these companies. However, the practice of
web-based marketing among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia is still in its
infancy. This study intends to investigate the factors that influence social media marketing
adoption among Muslim SMEs at Malacca City. Therefore, there are four determining factors
which are security, ease of use, management's attitude and general knowledge constitute the
central focus of the theoretical framework in this study.
A quantitative survey was developed to gather data from 78 Muslim SMEs employees in
Malacca Tengah in relation to factors that would influence social media marketing adoption
among Muslim SMEs. Findings from this study revealed that the proposed framework could be
used to understand the factors influencing social media marketing adoption by Muslim SMEs in
Malacca City.


Court Decision: [2004] 2 Family Law Reports 365; 2004 Mar 26 (date of decision). The Queen's Bench Division held that the practice of not warning parents of the possibility of post-mortem removal and retention of organs from their children violated the duty health care providers owed to the parents. Parents of three children, a premature baby, a stillborn infant, and a two year old toddler, brought suit against the hospital after the hospital removed and retained organs from their deceased children pursuant to proficiently performed post-mortems. The parents, upon discovery of this fact many years later, complained that the hospital had improperly retained possession of the organs and also had failed to inform them of this possibility. Although the court held that the parents had no possessory interest in the organs, which were removed and retained by the hospital pursuant to the standard post-mortem procedure, the court also found informed consent to be defective. The hospital's choice to omit the possibility of organ removal and retention from the parents' informed consent forms was motivated by paternalistic concern and violated its duty to the parents.


SUMMARY To study the genetic diversity of the Egyptian native cattle, a total of 67 cattle representing five populations were genotyped for 4 microsatellite markers (ETH225, ETH152, HEL09 and INRA05). The numbers of observed alleles all over the populations studied were: 12, 8, 12 and 4 respectively. Heterozygosity and Wrights F-statistics (FIS, FST, and FIT) were calculated to determine the genetic variation in these populations. High values of observed heterozygosities were noticed in all the populations, it were in the range of 0.719 (Beni Souif) for the marker INRA05 to 0.933 (Beni Souif) for the marker ETH 225. All the FIS values were below the zero, meaning the absence of inbreeding within the populations under study. Depending on the genetic distances a dendrogram showing the genetic relationship among the different populations was prepared. High values of the average gene diversity were noticed, for all the markers and all the populations, it ranged from 0.765 to 0.866 with an overall mean 0.833. Values of gene flow or migration between populations were high meaning that migration and admixture could have taken place between these populations. The study proved that Egyptian cattle are only one breed with different populations.


The experimental results obtained during low-cyclic tensile deformation of woven polyamide belts were presented. The temperature and mechanical characteristics of tension, low-cyclic loading, unloading and stress relaxation processes were found. The temperature changes accompanying the woven belt deformation turned out to differ from those, which were found for the sheet polyamide solid specimens. Such temperature results were caused both by the effects of the material as well as by the effects of the fibrous belt structure. The maximal temperature increments observed during subsequent cycles of loading reached 10 K. The cycling test actually did not affect the stress-strain characteristics of the belts, so it can be concluded that the used belt structure ensures their safe application for various cyclic loadings.


The purpose of the present study was to examine the links among the five facets of trait mindfulness, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction in dating relationships. Three hundred and twenty-two individuals in a current dating relationship completed measures of trait mindfulness, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction. Results of path analyses indicated that sexual satisfaction fully mediated the associations between the Observing (PE = .08, CI = [.02, .15]) and Nonjudging of Inner Experience (PE = .11, CI = [.03, .19]) facets of mindfulness and relationship satisfaction. In contrast, the three remaining facets of mindfulness (Describing, Acting with Awareness, and Nonreactivity to Inner Experience) were not related to sexual satisfaction or relationship satisfaction. These results suggest that attending to and noticing (but refraining from evaluating) internal and external stimuli may contribute to greater relationship satisfaction specifically by increasing sexual satisfaction with one's partner. Furthermore, findings from the current study provide empirical support for the link between mindfulness and sexual satisfaction in dating relationships and suggest that they may jointly contribute to relationship satisfaction, thus indicating an important area for future research and suggesting a potential target for relationship education and intervention efforts.


In order to try to stratify the people in their attitudes toward sports and to clarify the conceptual gaps in the consciousness and behavior between the ordinary people and sport instructors, two extensive surveys were conducted the questionnaire The results and discussions on topics are in this report:


This paper presents the seismic evaluation and retrofit design of an airport passenger terminal building, which was constructed in 1981. The main objective of the work was to evaluate and enhance the structural performance of the building to satisfy the "collapse prevention" structural performance level under the strong earthquake events, which are probable to occur rarely in the remaining lifetime of the building. The seismic retrofit design was carried out to enhance the structural performance, minimizing the potential of collapse during the strong earthquake events. As the 32-year old passenger terminal building has a relatively shorter remaining life, compared to a new building, it was decided to carry out seismic evaluation against the earthquake with the return period of 1,146 years (approximately 4% of probability of exceedence in 50 years), as opposed to new buildings that are typically evaluated for 2,475-year return period earthquake (2% of probability of exceedence in 50 years).


The meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method for transient linear thermoelastic analysis is presented. Orthotropic material properties are considered here. In uncoupled thermoelasticity, the temperature field is not influenced by displacements. Therefore, in the first step, the heat conduction equation is solved for the temperature distribution in the domain. The equations of motion are then solved with the inertial term considered. A Heaviside step function as the test functions is applied in the weak-form to derive local integral equations for solving twoand three-dimensional problems. Local integral equations are written on small sub-domains with circular or spherical shapes. They surround nodal points which are distributed over the analyzed domain. The spatial variation of the displacements and temperature are approximated by the moving least-squares (MLS) scheme. After performing the spatial integrations, a system of ordinary differential equations for certain nodal unknowns is obtained. The backward finite difference method is applied for the approximation of the diffusive term in the heat conduction equation. Then, the system of the ordinary differential equations of the second order resulting from the equations of motion is solved by the Houbolt finite-difference scheme as a time stepping method.


In order to make use of hereditary resource of Min pig effectively,this study was designed to clone TLR4 gene of Min pig and to identify its alternative splicing isoforms with overlap extension RT-PCR combined with nested PCR methods,and to characterize its tissue expression pattern with competitive RT-PCR method.Three splicing isoforms of TLR4 gene were identified in Min pig.At the same time,a special splicing mechanism,excision of inside segment of a whole exon,was found.Competitive RT-PCR analysis showed that three isoforms ubiquitously expressed in all tissues detected.The results indicate the complexity of structure and function of pig TLR4 gene.


Intra-abdominal varices rupture is a rare but catastrophic complication in cirrhosis. We report our near-miss experience in a woman presenting with acute abdominal pain and shock. This 55-year-old cirrhotic woman presented with sudden onset of epigastric pain. On arrival, her blood pressure was 57/49 mmHg and physical examination revealed epigastric tenderness without rebounding tenderness. Emergency ultrasonography (EUS) showed intra-abdominal haemorrhage. Computed tomography revealed haemoperitoneum but no extravasation of contrast medium. She received conservative treatment first but laparotomy later for ongoing bleeding. Surgeon identified and ligated a ruptured splenic varix and she was discharged home after nine days of hospitalisation. This case report illustrates the use of bedside EUS in cirrhotic patients presenting with acute abdominal pain. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:120-123)


The Oxford English Dictionary (hereafter referred to as the OED) is one of the most well‐known and respected reference works in the world. Its imposing bulk has even led some people to believe incorrectly that it actually lists every word in the English language. Of course, a good number of words were omitted from the distinguished dictionary because they were considered vulgar or because they were American words, categories that were actually somewhat synonymous to certain less tolerant Englishmen of the late nineteenth century.


X ray collimator optics for space application require an array of high aspect ratio holes of 60:1 with a minimal tantalum (Ta) thickness of ≥2 mm and a very high open area fraction (hole versus wall fraction) of 70% to achieve high collimator efficiency. Each collimator with a drilled area of 110 mm × 70 mm contains several million holes and need a fast drilling process. Laser percussion drilling was performed using an IR pulsed disk laser in a 1 and 2 mm thick Ta plate. A tightly spaced hexagonal closed packed pattern was used to maximize open area fraction with hole-to-hole spacing as small as 80 μm. However, this resulted in a high concentration of debris and a thick recast layer on the remaining walls between the holes. Different process gases were investigated to minimize debris formation and reduce the recast layer thickness. Ramping of pulse energy during the drill cycle was investigated to minimize the adhesion between the substrate and recast layer. Chemical etching was used to remove the debris ...


What's the Problem? American education faces two long-term, formidable imperatives. The fi rst is to invest a population with the skills to compete in a global economy and to apply these skills to solve the many and multiplying problems confronting the nation and the peoples of the globe. We expect our schools to furnish these skills and understanding of the world. So far reports on this front have been disappointing. Successive national surveys reveal that K-12 students lack the basics of history, geography, economics, mathematics and science. They are falling behind their peers in other countries around the globe.


We propose an optimistic estimate to evaluate the best possible fitting performance of nonlinear models. It yields an optimistic sample size that quantifies the smallest possible sample size to fit/recover a target function using a nonlinear model. We estimate the optimistic sample sizes for matrix factorization models, deep models, and deep neural networks (DNNs) with fully-connected or convolutional architecture. For each nonlinear model, our estimates predict a specific subset of targets that can be fitted at overparameterization, which are confirmed by our experiments. Our optimistic estimate reveals two special properties of the DNN models -- free expressiveness in width and costly expressiveness in connection. These properties suggest the following architecture design principles of DNNs: (i) feel free to add neurons/kernels; (ii) restrain from connecting neurons. Overall, our optimistic estimate theoretically unveils the vast potential of nonlinear models in fitting at overparameterization. Based on this framework, we anticipate gaining a deeper understanding of how and why numerous nonlinear models such as DNNs can effectively realize their potential in practice in the near future.