Globally the higher education (HE) sector is including more technologyrich learning environments for the twenty first century student. Today'slearners are uniquely different from previous generations as they havegrown-up immersed in digital technology which impacts the way weteach in HE. This study aims to shed light on academic and studentperceptions on the value of online serious games (SG) and usability asa learning tool. This study forms part of a bigger project to develop anonline SG to assist the development of clinical reasoning skills of stu-dent dietitians. Separate online surveys were developed informed by lit-erature and focus group discussions with academics and student.Surveys were deployed through Survey Monkey®to all University ofthe Sunshine Coast students and Academics on the Sippy Downs cam-pus in Queensland, Australia. Key findings include that all students(n = 49) and most academics (n = 14, 93%) want to use SG in theircourse/s if it has a clear fit for purpose. Students want to use SG toapply knowledge to a real-life scenario (90%), to practise skills (88%),orientate them to a real-life environment (74%), and for assessment(52%). Conversely, most academics tied the use of SG to assessment(92%) or an optional extracurricular activity (67%). Barriers to useonline SGs reported by academics included limited support, lack ofresource, and availability. These findings provide an interesting per-spective on differences in perceptions between academics and studentson how serious games can be integrated into curriculum, highlightspotential barriers, and provide recommendation on its use in relationto assessment.


In the quantitative, macro-oriented triple helix literature, synergy is measured indirectly, through patent data, firm data and other secondary statistical sources. These macro-level quantitative studies do not open up for understanding how different processes of cooperation create different outcomes, in terms of synergies. This article presents an alternative method of measuring quantitatively how different networks of innovation in a variety of ways create different types of complex synergies. This opens up for an empirical analysis of variations of synergy formation, seen as innovation networks with different structures, formed within and between helices, regions and geographical levels. Data was collected through a snapshot survey in 10 regional cases in the Baltic Sea Region. The analysis presents how different networks of innovation within and between helices are formed by different combinations of expectations, experiences and gaps.


Based on the historical maximum wind speed data from 6 stations of Dianbai,Zhuhai,Huilai,Yunfu,Shaoguan and Meixian in Guangdong province,we use the three methods i.e.Extreme-Ⅰ distribution,Pearson-Ⅲ distribution and Weibull distribution to perform the fitting analysis.The result indicates that,Extreme-Ⅰ distribution and Pearson-Ⅲ distribution can fit the frequency distribution of maximum wind speed well,but Weibull distribution is poor at it.Fitting by Extreme-Ⅰ distribution is close to that by Pearson-Ⅲ distribution in the interior area,but larger in the coastal areas because of the wind speed fluctuation.It is critical to carefully choose appropriate fitting methods in different engineering projects under different situations.


'What do you hope to discover in art museums?' was a question put to me one afternoon by a colleague who had watched me work for a number of years as part of a collaborative research project.1 I had been studying Tate Britain in terms of its relation to audience and national identity. Curiously, the answer to my colleague's question took a long time to percolate through my considerations of cultural policy, migration and new media. The solution, though, like so many things, arrived all too suddenly after such a long wait: tenderness. I was looking for something tender amid the gilded frames and polished floors, among the caterers and cleaners, alongside the educators and curators. Tenderness: the thought surfaced when, towards the end of a day-long conference on interpretation in the art museum, hosted by Tate Britain, the discussion turned towards the matter of modes of attention.2 The issue, as soon as it was raised by writer Seph Rodney, resonated with the panel of thinkers whose commitment to such concerns could not be doubted: Griselda Pollock; Adrian Rifkin; Tony Bennett; Donald Preziosi and James Elkins. Variously, they focused on the modes of attention necessary for the various publics in the art museum. From attention, I moved to tenderness or, more specifically, on to the problem of being (able to) tender. The double inflection of this term has preoccupied me ever since.


Volumetric studies of mica spatial distribution inside samples of Westerly and Czech granites (Mrakotin, Liberec, and Brno syenite) were performed using a neutron tomography method. A significant difference in the neutron attenuation coefficients of mica and other rock-forming minerals of the granites studied yielded a large neutron radiography contrast and, as a result, allowed us to perform a detailed analysis of three-dimension structural data based on the neutron tomography reconstruction procedure. The morphology and spatial distribution of the mica phase within studied granites were obtained. Tomography data were compared to results provided by other experimental methods commonly used in rock mechanics research such as optical and electron microscopy, as well as ultrasonic shear-wave measurements. The benefits and limitations for application of the neutron tomography method for studies of granite like rocks are discussed. ARTICLE INFO


Early results from the PASP Plus experiment, launched on Aug. 3, 1994, are given. The experiment consists of sixteen individual solar cell modules on twelve different panels. A wide variety of solar cell types are included. Two of the modules are concentrators. The orbit is 363/spl times/2552 km inclined at 70 degrees. There are two main purposes of PASP Plus: (1) to determine the interactions between the space plasma and solar arrays biased to plus or minus 500 volts; and (2) to determine the long term radiation performance of a wide variety of new solar cell types.


The Cu-Nb micro-composite wires are used as the conductors for the pulsed magnet above 80 T at the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center (WHMFC). The fatigue properties of the Cu-Nb wires carried out with uniaxial tensile test, uniaxial high-cycle fatigue test and four-point bend test at room temperature are studied. The tensile test indicates that a higher loading rate can enhance the hardening rate of the Cu-Nb wire especially at the initial stage of the plastic deformation, leading to a 4% increment of the tensile strength from the lowest strain rate level to the highest one. The four-point bend test reveals that the ratcheting strain occurs in every cycle after plastic deformation commences, which is believed to be one of the most important factors for fatigue life. Moreover, the ratcheting strain stabilizes after about ten cycles with the stable strain increases as the cyclic load levels up. The result of the uniaxial high-cycle fatigue test is found to be a circumstantial evidence for the effect of the ratcheting strain by illustrating that a higher stress amplitude undermines the fatigue life of Cu-Nb wire at the same maximum stress level.


Objective:To evaluate the minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy and new combined application of percutaneous treatment of the giant staghom clinical results and methods.Method: 57 patients with giant staghorn calculi in patients with a view to percutaneous renal biosy uniform ostomy: two lines of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy new combination therapy.9 cases in which bilateral kidney stones combined upper ureteral stones in 6 cases,merged with renal abscess in 7 cases,combined with obstructive renal failure in 5 cases,mild hydronephrosis in 23 cases,moderate and severe hydronephrosis in 34 cases.Result: 57 cases in a single pass to take stones in 39 cases,dual-channel to take stones in 16 cases,three-channel to take stones in 2 cases,a time to take the net stones in 41 cases,2 stones were removed in 9 cases,3 stones were removed in 1 case,the net rate of stone taken 89.5%.The mean operative time was 125 minutes,the average amount of bleeding 30mL,average length of stay 14.4d,2 cases with postoperative high fever(39℃),no other serious complications.Conclusion: The two kinds of combined application of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of large staghorn calculi with a safe and effective traumatic small,less bleeding,shorter operative century and the advantages of fewer complications,especially kidney stones combined with renal abscess,obstructive renal function failure,such as poor body condition in patients with more secure.


We consider a finite-dimensional control system (Σ) ẋ(t) = f(x(t), u(t)), such that there exists a feedback stabilizer k that renders ẋ = f(x, k(x)) globally asymptotically stable. Moreover, for (H,p, q) with H an output map and 1 ≤ p ≤ q ≤ ∞, we assume that there exists a K∞-function α such that ‖H(xu)‖q ≤ α(‖u‖p), where xu is the maximal solution of (Σ)k ẋ(t) = f(x(t), k(x(t))+u(t)), corresponding to u and to the initial condition x(0) = 0. Then, the gain function G(H,p,q) of (H,p, q) given by G(H,p,q)(X) def = sup ‖u‖p=X ‖H(xu)‖q , is well-defined. We call profile of k for (H,p, q) anyK∞-function which is of the same order of magnitude as G(H,p,q). For the double integrator subject to input saturation and stabilized by kL(x) = −(1 1)x, we determine the profiles corresponding to the main output maps. In particular, if σ0 is used to denote the standard saturation function, we show that the L2-gain from the output of the saturation nonlinearity to u of the system ẍ = σ0(−x− ẋ+u) with x(0) = ẋ(0) = 0, is finite. We also provide a class of feedback stabilizers kF that have a linear profile for (x, p, p), 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. For instance, we show that the L2-gains from x and ẋ to u of the system ẍ = σ0(−x − ẋ − (ẋ) + u) with x(0) = ẋ(0) = 0, are finite. Mathematics Subject Classification. 93D15, 93D21, 93D30. Received November 22, 1999. Revised January, 2001.


Antiretroviral activity of the new soft gelatin capsule formulation of saquinavir is better than that of the original hard gelatin capsule, although adverse effects and pill burden are higher.

The poor bioavailability of the original formulation of saquinavir in hard gelatin capsules (HGC) led to an unfavorable antiretroviral response compared with that of other agents. In this study, saquinavir HGC …


Nano-ZnO with needle-shaped and spherical-shaped was prepared by using hydrolysis method directly,zinc chloride and sodium oxyhydrate as the starting materials.Different prepared conditions,microstructure and morphology of nano-ZnO were investigated by means of XRD and TEM.By using of growth units model theory of anion coordination polyhedron,the formation mechanism and growth characteristics of nano-ZnO crystalline synthesized by hydrolysis method directly were discussed.It was shown that the crystalline process of nano-ZnO synthesized by one-step method directly follows dissolution-crystallization-aggregative growth mechanism model.The ZnO crystal is polar and possesses the characteristics of polar growth.Its process of crystal nucleus formation includes uniform and heterogeneous nucleation.


approximation, T{ ~ Te In Aei/ln Aie and v e » Vi the value of Tj may be 4 or more times the equilibrium Te in the very dense plasmas (In Aei~ 8 and In Aie5.2). Radiative cooling of the electrons and preferential feed of fusion energy to the ions increases the disparity between Ti and Te . Ajk is A for test particles j giving energy to field particles k. The ignition condition for Tj = Te = 3 keV for DT 5 j e fuel is n T = 12T/(ovQ+)~ 5.7X 10 15 cm" • s (3.IX 10TMcm" -s atl0keV)andpR=neTvs(2.5/6Xl0 ) is 1.5 g • cm*, where vs is given by Fraley et al. as s/5EnkT/3p.' For BeDT, it is neT = 81T/(ov Q+) = 2.1 X 10cm" -s at 10 keV or pR-0.8g-cm* at its ignition temperature. The pXa condition for alpha-particle energy deposition is pXae~0.3 g«cm" 2


Abstract In this paper, we use an averaged entropy inequality and employ it together with an entropy principle to develop thermodynamically consistent rate-dependent turbulence models and governing equations at the first order level for describing the turbulence. In particular, a thermodynamically consistent evolution equation of the dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy is presented in contrast to other recent works [1–3]. The domain of validity of the model is defined by the restrictions placed upon the model parameters imposed by the entropy inequality, so that only physically realizable processes can be described. As a consequence, it is shown that the so-called "realizability-constraints" in [4, 5] which are often presented and applied to ensure physically sound solutions of the models in the literature, alone are not able to guarantee conformity with the irreversibility of the turbulent processes; they are only one among other conditions required by the second law of thermodynamics. On this basis the thermodynamic consistency of some existing nonlinear eddy-viscosity models as well as anisotropic models is analysed and discussed. It appears from this critical evaluation that many of the existing models are thermodynamically inadmissible.


The short lifetime (tau/sub T/) of the triplet diradical 1,4-cyclohexadiyl compared to the relatively long-lived 1,3-cyclopentadiyl was previously rationalized in terms of Salem's orbital orientation rule. It was argued that in its boat conformation the 1,4-cyclohexadiyl suffers fast intersystem crossing through favorable orientation of the orbital lobes for spin-orbit coupling, resulting in a short lifetime and thus inefficient trapping by /sup 3/O/sub 2/. The authors provide experimental evidence that phenyl stabilization promotes conformational relaxation to the favored twist-boat triplet ground state, resulting in the long-lived 1-phenyl-1,4-cyclohexadiyl. The generation of the 1,4-diradical via photolysis and product formation (with and without oxygen trapping) is summarized, together with rate constants.


From Technological Literacy to the Philosophy of Technology and Technological Citizenship: A Progress Report Dr. Kathryn A. Neeley, University of Virginia Kathryn Neeley is Associate Professor of Science, Technology, and Society in the Engineering & Society Department of the School of Engineering and Applied Science. She is a past chair of the Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division of ASEE and is particularly interested in the role of liberal education in developing engineering leaders.


We examined the related policy measures with two transportation modes, motorbike and car, simultaneously by investigating the substitute/complementary relationship between these two modes at a household level. From the estimation results of the Ordered Bivariate Probit Model, we found out that there exists a significant substitution relationship between the household car/motorbike ownership, except for Changhwa County and Kaoshiung City. Furthermore, we used the Seemingly Uncorrelated Regression (SURE) Model to investigate the household car/motorbike usage relationship. The estimation results also showed a strong substitution relationship between the household car/motorbike usage, with the exception of Changhwa County and Kaohsiung City. These consistent results suggested that the substitution relationship between car and motorbike should be taken into consideration when the government or agents formulate any policies related to these two modes. The different factors affecting the relationship between the household car/motorbike ownership and usage in different areas of Taiwan also suggested the necessity of localizing the transportation policies.


We report a case of left main coronary artery (LMCA) aneurysm rupture while the patient was hospitalized and immediately after imaging with 2 noninvasive cardiac modalities.

An 85-year-old man with history of atrial fibrillation, prostate cancer, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with sudden lightheadedness, chest pressure, and junctional bradycardia (heart rate, 40 bpm). He was admitted to a telemetry bed; warfarin was held and unfractionated heparin was administered. The following day, heparin was held because of supratherapeutic-activated partial thromboplastin times. Transthoracic echocardiogram was performed demonstrating normal ejection fraction, normal wall motion, mild aortic root dilatation, and no pericardial effusion; nothing unusual about the coronary anatomy was noted. Computed tomography coronary angiography to evaluate for coronary artery disease and computed tomography of the chest with contrast to evaluate for pulmonary embolism were performed shortly afterward. Preliminary reports for these studies indicated no pulmonary embolus, mildly aneurysmal thoracic aorta, no thrombus in the left atrial appendage, and <50% stenosis of the left anterior descending ostium. A subsequent final interpretation reported an aneurysmal LMCA (Figure 1). Shortly after returning to his room, the patient developed sudden, severe hypotension and left chest discomfort. Intravenous fluids and vasopressors were administered with minimal effect. Urgent repeat transthoracic ECG showed a new, large pericardial effusion with tamponade (Figure 2). Because of refractory hypotension, emergency pericardiocentesis was arranged.

Figure 1.
Large left main coronary artery (LCMA) aneurysm on coronary computed tomography angiogram. …


Tuberculosis is one of the major health problems in developing countries. The aim of present study was to find out differences in dermatoglyphic patterns between diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients and normal healthy persons and to determine the usefulness of dermatoglyphics in studying genetic susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. The sample constituted 100 diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients (cases) and 100 unrelated healthy subjects (controls). Dermatoglyphic patterns studied were total finger ridge count (TFRC), absolute finger ridge count (AFRC), 'atd' angle and finger tip patterns.The statistical analysis of data showed significant increase in total finger ridge count (TFRC) and absolute finger ridge count (AFRC) in both hands of pulmonary tuberculosis cases as compared to controls. The 'atd' angle in both hands of pulmonary tuberculosis cases was lower than controls and that difference was statistically significant. This indicates that the axial triradius was placed proximally in both hands of pulmonary tuberculosis cases than in controls. There were no statistically significant differences observed in fingertip patterns among pulmonary tuberculosis cases and controls.


In today's society it is often important to be able to use computers and the internet to do various chores such as keeping in touch with friends and family, contact the authorities, bank errands and book air-plane tickets. Still there are many who lack the knowledge to use a computer, a group that is overrepresented among these are the retired.There are many different operating systems and some probably better suited than others for people that are above the age of 65 and have no previous computer knowledge. This report examines whether the classic desktop interface in Windows is better or worse than the new interface Modern UI in Windows 8 and Windows RT. The study included five pairs of retirees aged 71-87 who were evaluated with the Co-Discovery method.The results of this study show that neither of the two interfaces is optimal for this category of users but that many of the new innovations introduced in the Modern UI such as live tiles eased the test subjects' interaction with the computer.


Abstract Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and airway effects of three different functional appliances (Frankel-2, Trainer and X-Bow) in prepubertal Class II division 1 patients. Methods The sample consisted of 54 patients with a Class II relationship as a result of mandibular retrognathia and relative maxillary constriction. Group I included 15 patients treated with a Frankel-2 appliance. Group II consisted of 14 patients treated with a T4-K Trainer. Group III consisted of 15 patients treated with the X-Bow appliance. Group IV consisted of 10 untreated Class II patients who served as a control group. Pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) cephalograms were used to evaluate dentoskeletal and airway changes. Parametric one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and a paired t-test were used to perform statistical analysis. Results The decrease in SNA angle was significant in groups I and III, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). SNB angle and Co-GN length changes from T1 to T2 were statistically significant in groups I and II (p < 0.05), but not relative to the control group. The upper and lower incisors were significantly retruded and protruded, respectively, in all treatment groups (p < 0.05). Except PNS-AD2 and MAS measurements in group I, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal airway dimensions did not significantly change from T1 to T2 in all groups. Conclusions The Frankel-2 and X-Bow appliances were efficient in restricting the forward growth of the maxilla. The Frankel-2 and Trainer appliances produced a larger sagittal increase in mandibular length than the X-Bow appliance. Lower incisor proclination was more pronounced in the X-Bow group. The effect of the treatment protocols was similar and matched the control group with respect to the airway.


A new technology,which uses aluminum hydroxide instead of bauxite for the production of food additive alum was introduced.In the process,aluminum hydroxide,sulfuric acid,and potassium sulfate completely reacted in an enamel reactor.And then high-quality alum could be obtained through the procedures,such as crystallization,crushing,and packing.The new technology solved the problem of exceeded heavy metals when using bauxite as raw material.Furthermore,it greatly shortened the process flow,reduced energy consumption and prevented the generation of slag.Therefore,the new technology has many advantages,such as short flow,environmental-friendly,safety,and high-quality.


The present invention, the control step of receiving the state information of the vehicle from the sensor section, the step for external and rearview mirror that determines the field of view of the outside rear view mirror on the basis of the status information of the vehicle up and down direction or the left and right of a control method for a vehicle outside rear view mirror at least comprising the step of changing the field of view of one of the sides.


Oxford Archaeology (OA) has undertaken a programme of archaeological recording and
watching brief in Logic Lane, Oxford relating to the replacement of a section of stone cobbles
with York stone slabs. The repaving works were undertaken to provide disabled access across
the road. The archaeological investigation comprised recording in October 2010 before the
start of the development and watching brief recording in March 2011 during excavation works.
The work was carried out in relation to planning reference 09/01265/FUL and was in accordance with the Written Scheme of Investigation (OA 2010) and a brief produced by
David Radford, Oxford City Council.
The project allowed accurate recording of the in situ cobbled surface and also allowed observation of underlying deposits during constructor's excavation works. No artefactual evidence was recovered and no underlying archaeological deposits were observed


To improve the performance of landscape planning and design, this paper expatiates the combination of garden design and three-dimensional software, which is through computer-aided analysis and design with the interactive communication, space entities and graphic graphics unified design method. This paper introduces the design advantages of multi-angle spatial distribution, comprehensive function, artistic requirements and environmental conditions. In addition, we compare the difference between two-dimensional graphic design and three-dimensional space design in analysis and modification. We give the development prospects of that the two-dimensional drawings into the three-dimensional space.


The bulk properties of materials in an extreme environment such as high temperature and high pressure can be understood by studying anharmonic effects due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited electrons. In this spirit, in the present paper, anharmonic effects are studied by using the recently proposed mean-field potential (MFP) approach and Mermin functional which arise due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited electrons, respectively. The MFP experienced by a wanderer atom in the presence of surrounding atoms is constructed in terms of cold energy using the local form of the pseudopotential. We have calculated the temperature variation of several thermophysical properties in an extreme environment up to melting temperature. The results of our calculations are in excellent agreement with the experimental findings as well as the theoretical results obtained by using first principle methods. We conclude that presently used conjunction scheme (MFP+pseudopotential) is simple computationally, transparent physically, and accurate in the sense that the results generated are comparable and sometimes better than the results obtained by first principle methods. Local pseudopotential used is transferable to extreme environment without adjusting its parameters.


N-carboxyanhydride of 4-amino-4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (5), a new paramagnetic monomer, was synthesized, starting from 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine (1), which was oxidized to 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine-1-oxyl (2). Applying the Bucherer-Bergs synthesis, 4-amino-4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4) was obtained. The key step in the synthesis of 5 is the reaction of the derived amino acids 4a and 4c with phosgene. From the two procedures which were considered the reaction of 4c with phosgene affords the N-carboxyanhydride 5 in good yield. 5 is suited for spin labeling.


Background Hyaluronic acid, corticosteroids and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are widely used intra-articular (IA) therapies for the management of mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA). Many trials evaluating the efficacy of IA-administered therapies commonly use IA saline injections as a placebo comparator arm. A previously published systematic review Altman et al, 2016 showed significant reductions in pain relief with IA saline in both the short- (3 months) and long-term (6–12 months). Objectives The aim of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the clinical benefit and harm associated with use of IA saline in trials of IA therapies for patients with painful knee OA. Methods We searched MEDLINE and Embase databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published up to and including October 12th, 2017. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of potential reports and the risk of bias of included trials. We analysed short (≤3 months) and long-term (6–12 months) pain reduction from baseline of the saline arm of included trials using standardised mean differences (SMDs; estimated assuming a null-effect in a comparator group) that were weighted and pooled using a random-effects model. Pain scores were transformed to a 100-point scale when necessary. We summarised and presented treatment-related adverse events (AEs) descriptively. Results We included 46 RCTs, of which 44 provided sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis for benefit. IA saline significantly improved short-term knee pain from baseline vs. a null effect for a comparator group across 36 studies involving 1908 patients (SMD −0.85, 95% CI −1.05 to −0.66; I2=87%). There was also significant reduction in long-term knee pain following IA injection with saline across 25 studies involving 1758 patients (SMD −0.78, 95% CI −1.02 to −0.55) with a substantial degree of heterogeneity (I2=90%). Thirty-three of the included trials reported on adverse events, none of which found any serious treatment-related AEs following IA injection with saline. Conclusions The pain relief observed with IA saline should prompt one to consider the added effectiveness of current IA treatments that use saline comparators in clinical studies, and challenges of classifying IA saline injection a "placebo." Reference [1] Altman RD, et al. Semin Artrhritis Rheum2016;46:151–9. Disclosure of Interest I. Simsek Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, T. Phalen Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, A. Bedenbaugh Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, J. Tambiah Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC


: Adequate availability of data directly influences the quality of hydrological studies. In this sense, procedures for filling gaps of observations are often applied in order to improve the length of hydrological series. One technique that can be used is the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which process information from input data creating an output. This study aims to evaluate the application of ANN to fill missing data from monthly average streamflow series at Rio do Carmo Basin in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A 26-years series (from 1989 to 2012) was used for ANN modelling while the two proceeding years, 2013 and 2014, were used to simulate failures pursuant to evaluating the performance of the ANN. The ANN construction was performed by the software WEKA that uses the multilayer perceptron model with sigmoidal activation functions. Four types of ANN were generated: five attributes and two (MLP1) or five (MLP2) neurons; and with three attributes and one (MLP3) or three (MLP4) neurons. The best-fit model to ANN was the MLP1, verified by Pearson correlation coefficients (0.9824), and coefficient of determination r² (0.9646). The model used five attributes, four input data (year, month, streamflow data from Acaiaca and Fazenda Paraíso stations) and one output data (streamflow from Fazenda Oriente station), that considered the temporal variation of streamflow. Hence, the utilization of the ANN generated by the WEKA was adequate and can be considered a simple approach, not requiring great computational programming knowledge.


We demonstrate a design for a scanning superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) microscope in which the sample temperature can be varied over a large range. In this design, both sample and SQUID are in the same vacuum space, separated by a few microns. By firmly anchoring the SQUID to a low-temperature bath, the sample temperature can be changed while the SQUID remains superconducting. This allows magnetic imaging at varying sample temperatures with micron-scale spatial resolution and the sensitivity of a low- T c SQUID. We demonstrate this approach by imaging the temperature dependence of Abrikosov vortices in thin films of the high-temperature superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ . We extract the in-plane penetration depth λ ab (T) in our samples from these measurements.


The ever-increasing complexity of integrated circuits and their enabling process technology has accelerated the increase in data volume of post-RET data which is input to the photomask manufacturing industry. OASIS - the new stream format that has been developed by a working group under the sponsorship of the SEMI Data Path Task Force enables the representation of IC layout data in a much more compact form than GDSII and facilitates the incorporation of hierarchical data into the mask-making infrastructure. OASIS achieves on average a >10x reduction in file size compared to GDSII files and structures the data in a way, which allows a straightforward translation from a hierarchical format to the required flat mask perspective. Owing to the efficiency in representing the data, OASIS files are smaller than commonly used flat exchange formats - like MEBES, thus enabling an efficient hierarchical data flow both from the processing as well as the file handling prospective. The implementation of OASIS into post-tapeout data flows will be discussed and experimental results on OASIS-based data preparation flows will be shown.


PLZT powder for ferroelectrics ceramics was prepared by a sol-gel method with lead acetate (Pb(C2H3O2)2). The crystallization of the sample could be controlled through the low heating process. Based on the results of the X-ray diffraction analysis, good crystallized PLZT peaks was observed of the sample heated at 850°C.


-Integration from the standpoint of instrumentation is provided by any device wherein the time rate of change of an output quantity is accurately proportional to the input quantity. Viscous shear in fluids is a very useful means of realizing integration when mechanical torque acts as the input and the angular velocity of a rotor with respect to a stator is the output. This type of integration is widely used in situations requiring high accuracy for oscillatory inputs with output angles restricted to small magnitudes. The paper outlines the background of viscous-shear integration and develops concepts for describing integrator operation. These concepts are applied to the practically important case of the singledegree-of-freedom integrating gyro unit as an illustration of viscous-shear-integrator operation. The physical dimensions and fluid properties associated with gyro unit integrating components are taken as typical of the problems that may be solved by viscous-shear integrators. The essential problem is that of causing shearing forces in a thin fluid layer between a cylindrical rotor and a cylindrical stator to produce a torque on the rotor with its magnitude closely proportional to the relative angular velocity between the two cylinders. For practical applications, this proportionality should


The implementation of a new scheme for a thermistor anemometer for the measurement of both velocity and temperature in a two-dimensional horizontal flow is described. The anemometer is composed of a cluster of four bead thermistors, consisting of a central heater bead and three surrounding sensor beads. Empirical relationships for the dependence of flow direction on sensor/heater spacing, fluid flow speed, and fluid, heater and sensor temperatures are presented which permit in situ calibration of large numbers of thermistor anemometers. Fabrication details, calibration procedures and results of measurements from a large number of anemometers under actual experimental conditions in a thermally stratified, rotating fluid flow are included.


According to the stability design method of steel frame with rigid connections,the governing equations for determining the effective length factor of columns in sidesway composite frames with semi-rigid connections are derived by using the Barakat-chen method. The equation is similar to the expression of the appendix D of GB 50017—2003. The effective length factors are checked out from appendix D after correcting the beam stiffness. Consequently,the length factors obtained by the present method are compared with those obtained by the exact method. It shows that they have similar accuracy and the present method can be used in stability analysis for sidesway semi-rigid composite frames.


Diversity is a particularly pertinent issue due to a combination of established long-term trends and sudden political events. Organizations, their stakeholders, and communities face more forms and levels of diversity than before because of many societal developments, such as mass migration, aging populations, changing career patterns, same sex marriage legislation, and new generational life-styles and preferences. There are many more 'others' to take account of and this affects organizational issues ranging from career structures and HR strategies to customer expectations, investor relations, and strategy formulation. However, recent political events such as Brexit in the UK and Donald Trump's election in the US have generated increasing calls for cultural cohesiveness, the celebration of 'nativist' and dominant identities as well as increase in the nationalistic rhetoric. As such, whilst diversity on the ground may be increasing, it is simultaneously confronted by new discourses of cohesiveness, coherence, nationalism and integration that emphasize local interests, values and identities. This conference seeks to help establish a foundation for further development on our knowledge about diversity. We hope that research on both the forces towards and against diversity will be addressed by scholars. Furthermore, we hope that, by bringing together new theoretical and empirical contributions, the conference will (1) elucidate more comprehensively how diversity affects individuals, groups, networks, organizations, fields and the "nested complexity of real organizational life," (2) develop pertinent and highly applicable insights for practice; and (3) set an agenda for a new wave of diversity research. there is little doubt that this is a particularly timely juncture to be concerned with diversity, existing scholarship presents significant conceptual and methodological limitations. For instance, existing theories tend to focus on a single level of analysis, on a limited range of usually Anglo-Saxon research settings, and


The kinetics of reaction on immobilized enzyme in spherical porous support coupled with theiotraparticle and external mass transfer was studied in a batch reactor for the resolution of racemates. Theorthogonal collocation method was used to simulate the reaction system. The effects of the enantiomeric ratioE, the intraparticle and external mass transfer resistances and the inhibition of the substrate and waer on theimmobilized euzymatic resolution were investigated. The results show that the enantiomeric ratio E is a keyparameter to determine the resolution process. Presumed that the reaction being faster for Senantiomer inthe immobilized enzymatic resolution process, the mass transfer resistances negligible and E100, nearly 50%of enantiopure product for S-enantiomer can be obtained while 50% enantiopure substrate R-enantiomer willremain at the end of the reaction. If there exists mass transfer resistance, the apparent enantioselectivity willbe lower than the intrinsic one, and the overall rate of resolution will be reduced. Some effect is observed forthe inhibition due to substrate and water on the efficiency of resolution, and the time of resolution increasesaccordingly


The aim of this study was evaluating of level and correlation between indicators of coordination abilities in total, regional and local movements at girls aged 15-16 years. 32 girls aged 15 years old and 30 girls aged 16 years old took part in the investigation. The following tests were used: shuttle run 3x10 meters, three forward rolls, jumps down on the marking, throwing a tennis ball to hit accuracy, shifting of special washers, "tapping frequency". Student's t-criteria were used for evaluation of significance of coordination abilities indicators differences. Pearson coefficient was used for evaluation of relationships between different coordination abilities. It has been found that most of indicators of coordination abilities have no significant differences between girls aged 15 and 16 years old. Indicators of coordination abilities in total movements have middle correlation. Other indicators of coordination abilities have only weak relationships or there are no correlations.


he previous chapter focused on the derivation of a poverty threshold for a reference family of two adults and two children. A poverty threshold that is appropriate for this type of family, however, may not be appropriate for another type of family: a single person obviously needs less money than a family of four, and a family of eight needs more money. These differences are recognized in the current poverty measure, which uses different thresholds for different family types. And even for a given family type, the amount of money needed to stay above the poverty threshold will likely be different in a large city than in a small town, and it may also differ by region of the country. There is therefore an argument for adjusting the thresholds, not only for family size, but also for place of residence. This kind of adjustment is not made in the official poverty thresholds. In this chapter, we consider these adjustments and present our recommended procedures for adjusting the reference family threshold. We first discuss adjustments by family type and then by geographic area of residence.


This paper proposes a decision region adaptive MPEG 2 quantization algorithm.The source distribution in decision region of quantizer is considered in this algorithm,and the decision level of quantizer is derived from the procedure of searching the minimum R D Lagrangian cost.The characteristic of quantizer is improved by the adaptive selection of the decision level according to the distribution of input source.At the same condition,the PSNR obtained by the proposed quantization method is about 0.5dB and 0.1dB higher than the TM5 quantization method for luminance component and chrominance component respectively.


In his new book, Lawyers in the Dock, Richard Abel, a prominent legal profession scholar, has produced a must-read. The book includes six detailed case studies of attorney deviance and explores the attorneys' backgrounds, career paths, misconduct, and disciplinary records. Through its rich, contextual accounts, the book makes two significant contributions. First, pedagogically, it moves beyond the traditional approach to teaching legal ethics (and indeed to teaching law generally), which typically relies on case excerpts, statutory provisions (in this case, the Model Rules of Professional Conduct), and short hypotheticals, and instead develops a revealing narrative in which students (and practitioners) can better comprehend lawyers' misconduct. Second, substantively, by situating wrongdoing in context, the case studies enhance our understanding of the reasons for, and the manifestations of, lawyers' deviance. Lawyers in the Dock also attempts, provocatively - and yet less successfully - to extract from its case studies a normative claim, namely, that lawyers betray trust. This book review summarizes the book's case studies, analyzes its pedagogical, descriptive and prescriptive insights, and constructively criticizes its normative assertions.


1959 one of the authors (K.H.R.) visited the Telefolmin area in New Guinea and collected blood samples from 307 natives. The blood samples were sent to Sydney, where the haemoglobin values and blood groups were determined with the results presented in this paper. The area is of interest because the subjects have not previously been investigated and because it is the most western patrol post of the highland ridge in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea.


Relying on available official census data for the region of Transylvania, Romania, the author traces the historical development of the language affiliations of the population. The difficulties encountered in assessing the reliability of the available data are discussed. The study covers the period from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)


Subjects identified which of two target letters was presented when the target was accompanied by a similar or dissimilar noise letter, the target appeared on the right or left of fixation, and the target was central or peripheral to the noise letter. Although performance deteriorated in the presence of noise letters compared to control conditions, masking was no greater with similar than dissimilar noise letters. Rather masking effects were specific to particular target-mask pairs, suggesting facilitation of target perception when mask and target shared features critical to the target-discrimination task. Thus, no evidence for Estes' interactive channels model was obtained. Neither the left vs right position of the target nor its centrality had any effect on accuracy or speed. Correct latencies to a target covaried with its accuracy of detection, but incorrect latencies were more strongly associated with the target identified than with the target presented.


This article aims to bridge the circadian and self-control literatures by suggesting that people' ss elf-control performance varies as a function of their circadian preferences (i.e.,chronotype). We review evidence for this assertion across a wide range of self-control domains, including cognitive processing, emotion regulation, interpersonal relationships, and social influence. Across these widely ranging behaviors, the results indicate that when people's circadian preference matches the time of day, a synchrony effect occurs, and self-control performance is at its peak. Therefore, people are more likely to display self-regulatory failures and give in to temptations when there is a mismatch between their circadian preferences and time of day. Overall, this article offers new insights into the relationship between circadian preferences and self-control and suggests novel and exciting new directions for future research.


Given that the present situation is unsatisfactory, what course should the clinician follow? It will be apparent that no one technique is ideal; however, some methods and combinations of of methods are better employed than others in particular situations. Our experience is in agreement with that of Eaton et al. (1968) who have proposed the following diagnostic combinations: (1) For cancer of the head of pancreas, hypotonic duodenography and selective arteriography (and on the basis of our experience isotopic scanning). (2) For cancer of the body and tail, isotopic scanning and selective arteriography. (3) For pancreatitis, isotopic scanning and hypotonic duodenography. (4) For pancreatic pseudocyst, the conventional barium meal and selective arteriography.


Read more and get great! That's what the book enPDFd texts that linger words that explode listening to prophetic voices will give for every reader to read this book. This is an on-line book provided in this website. Even this book becomes a choice of someone to read, many in the world also loves it so much. As what we talk, when you read more every page of this texts that linger words that explode listening to prophetic voices, what you will obtain is something great.


While incremental steps are being taken to integrate unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the various national airspace systems, much work remains to establish appropriate regulatory infrastructure that allows UAS larger than 55 lb to operate for commerce or hire. The magnitude of that effort is compounded by the wide-ranging variety of UAS types and possible applications, as well as the diversity in quality and provenance of UAS components. The FAA has suggested developing design standards tailored to specific applications and operating environments as an approach to facilitate integration and safe operation of some UAS. This paper introduces a case study to investigate design standards for a midsize unmanned rotorcraft operating in a rural environment. A key aspect of this study is the concept of using a certifiable containment system, different from a conventional geofencing application, to ensure that the unmanned aircraft does not escape its intended operational area. The proposed assured containment system is expected to reduce the effort needed to regulate some UAS that could not currently meet rigorous aircraft design standards and fall outside of the parameters for operation outlined in the proposed small UAS rule. This paper discusses how assured containment may be a useful approach to limiting risk and reducing an otherwise prohibitive certification burden to enable UAS operations in confined areas. The case study examines the potential effect the assured containment approach might have on airworthiness certification requirements.


Department of Electromechanics,NanChang University,Nan Chang,330031,ChinaAbstract: In order to control the steering system easily and not lost a sense of the road,A mathematical model of Electric Power Steering System was established through Some power research.Study on Control Strategy for EPS,Fuzzy Control and PD to control the parallel control algorithms was introduced.In the large Torque condition was controlled by fuzzy-PD,was gotten the better Dynamic response and in a small torque condition was controlled by PD,High-precision control,without losing a sense of the road.The simulation was also conducted with the software MATLAB.The research result show that Improve the accuracy of the system of control and reduce the overshoot of the system and shorten the time adjustment the ideal assistance effect and a good following capability were received through the new control scheme.


ABSTRACT Due to the availability and timeliness of autologous cells, the in vitro cultivation and expansion of cells in large scale is very necessary before clinical treatments. However, traditional cell-harvesting methods including machinery scraper and enzymatic method would produce irreversible damage for treated cells. The appearance of intelligent temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces can solve the problem. Therefore this review focuses on the development of temperature-responsive surfaces based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in recent years and the impact on cell adsorption and desorption processes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The author reviews the relationship between his two protagonists when they met in Australia on the occasion of McColvin's visit in 1946, and later, when Metcalfe was in London. The quality and warmth of the hospitality extended on either hand was curiously asymmetric, which possibly reflects the expectations of the host at the time. Neither man was a stereotype, and each had strong and individual opinions. And neither was a 'prophet without honour…'. McColvin's visit was more critical to the interests of his host, Metcalfe, than when the positions of host and visitor were reversed, which may account for the asymmetry referred to above. The author infers that in the end, Metcalfe was not prepared to honour McColvin's contribution, and indeed, McColvin himself did not rate it highly.


Provided are: an electrode that is for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and that can improve service life characteristics; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with same. One embodiment of this electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises a collector and an active material layer formed on the surface of the collector. Also, the active material layer contains an active material, in which a polymer containing a carboxyl group is bonded to the surface of SiOx particles, and a binder, which comprises a water-soluble macromolecule having a sugar chain structure containing a carboxyl group, and the polymer and binder are bonded.


One of the most important cut foliage plants is strelitzia (Strelitzia spp.) which has several usages. This research program was focused on increasing the vase life of strelitzia cut foliage in the normal storage condition. The experiment was arranged as completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included combinations of four different levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) and benzyl adenine (BA) each with 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm concentrations and an extra control. In all treatments except the extra control, silver nitrate (AgNo3) with fixed concentration of 40 ppm and sucrose with fixed concentration of 3% was used. Average temperature, light intensity and relative humidity during the study were 20°C, 865 lux (12/12 day- night) and 70%, respectively. Measured traits were: vase life, chlorophyll content, dry weight and external quality of leaves. Results showed that GA3 and BA had positive effects on increasing the vase life of strelitzia cut foliage and improving the chlorophyll content and external quality characters. Although, the combination of 150 ppm GA3 and 100 ppm BA and also 100 ppm GA3 and 50 ppm BA prolonged the vase life of strelitzia leaves up to 112 days in the storage condition as compared to 59 days for the control treatment, but considering other traits such as chlorophyll content, dry weight and external quality characters plus economic factor, the use of the gibberellic acid alone (at 50 ppm concentration) or in combination with some concentration of benzyl adenine (i.e. 50 ppm) together with silver nitrate and sucrose is recommended to increase the vase life and other quality characters of strelitzia cut foliage.


In the light of the theory and practice on social security,social security based on social justice can be viewed as a firm guarantee for social development.However,social security in China has remained at a low level for years and is lagging behind the social development,thus failing to play the role of effectively promoting socio-economic development.Given the current economic decline and complicated situations,it should be one of the strategic developmental goals for China now to steadily increase social security and stimulate domestic demand to promote stable and rapid socio-economic development.


U.S. and international regulators and standard setters have criticized companies and audit firms for failing to establish and audit internal controls for complex fair value measurements (FVMs). In this study, we examine the association between FVMs and the likelihood of reporting a material control weakness, as well as settings in which this association may be reduced. We find that companies with FVM portfolios concentrated in Level 2 and Level 3 FVMs are more likely to report material weaknesses, confirming regulators' concerns that the FVMs are associated with lower financial reporting quality. However, we do not find this association for large companies, clients of audit firm industry experts, or clients of audit firms with FVM-specific expertise. These results suggest that despite the inherent complexity of Level 2 and Level 3 FVMs, company- and auditor-specific characteristics can impact companies' abilities to create an effective internal control structure around some FVMs.


Malignant neuroendocrine tumors have the histological features of malignant tumors, and localized invasion and distant metastasis can occur. After clinical presentation, patients with neuroendocrine tumors usually show rapid deterioration. The first case involved a patient who underwent treatment for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. A percutaneous liver biopsy was performed to look for diffuse infiltration of the tumor in the liver. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung with diffuse liver metastasis. The other two patients presented with liver masses. Liver biopsies revealed metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. In patients presenting with diffuse hepatic infiltration of a tumor, a neuroendocrine tumor should be considered in the diagnosis, and immunohistochemical staining and further studies should be performed to locate the origin of the tumor. We report three cases of neuroendocrine tumors with diffuse liver metastasis.


Mayling Simpson; Infant Care and Feeding in the South Pacific by Leslie B. Marshall; The Infant-Feeding Triad: Infant, Mother, and Household by Barry M. Popkin; Tamar Lasky; Judith Litvin; Deborah Spicer; Monica E. Yamamoto; Only Mothers Know: Patterns of Infant Feeding in Traditional Cultures by Dana Raphael; Flora Davis Review by: Katherine A. Dettwyler Medical Anthropology Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 2, No. 3, Health and Industry (Sep., 1988), pp. 303-306 Published by: Wiley on behalf of the American Anthropological Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/648818 . Accessed: 17/07/2014 10:48


We study collective interaction effects that result from the change of free quantum electrodynamic field fluctuations by one- and two-dimensional perfect metal structures. The Casimir interactions in geometries containing plates and cylinders is explicitly computed using partial wave expansions of constrained path integrals. We generalize previously obtained results and provide a more detailed description of the technical aspects of the approach \cite{Emig06}. We find that the interactions involving cylinders have a weak logarithmic dependence on the cylinder radius, reflecting that one-dimensional perturbations are marginally relevant in 4D space-time. For geometries containing two cylinders and one or two plates, we confirm a previously found non-monotonic dependence of the interaction on the object's separations which does not follow from pair-wise summation of two-body forces. Qualitatively, this effect is explained in terms of fluctuating charges and currents and their mirror images.


This paper discusses four types of teaching models of Chinese listening and speaking for overseas students guided by constructivism.It emphasizes the demand of our times on changing teacher-centered method into student-centered method to develop students` autonomous learning abilities and enhancing the quality of teaching.


The utility model relates to a vehicle front stringer, in particular to a vehicle front stringer with a reinforcement structure, which comprises a front stringer, and a downward inclination part is arranged on the back part of the front stringer; a back lower crossband, an upward inclination part is arranged on the front part thereof, and the inclination part of the front stringer is overlapped with the inclination part of the back lower crossband; the back side of the back lower crossband is horizontal, and the section of the back lower crossband is U-shaped; a back upper crossband with a U-shaped section is overlapped on the back lower crossband, the width of the section of the back upper crossband is smaller than that of the section of the back lower crossband for embedding the back upper crossband in the back lower crossband; a lower reinforcement element with a U-shaped section and an upper reinforcement element with an inverted U-shaped section are arranged in a region between the inclination part and the horizontal part of the back lower crossband, and a large sealed region is formed between the lower reinforcement element and the upper reinforcement element. The vehicle front stringer with reinforcement structure disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of effectively protecting the drivers in the case of vehicle collision and relieving the damage on an engine and a transmission.


The BION program with primates included 2 vestibular studies one was focused on coordination of the eye and head movements and activities of the medial vestibular nuclei and cerebellum flocculus during angular head movements in the horizontal plane for gaze fixation and the other, on the central vestibular neurons and otolith-induced cardiac rhythm reaction during linear displacement about the body axis. Sensitivity of the central vestibular neurons to both angular and linear accelerations was found to increase at the beginning of microgravity and then normalized gradually, whereas the flocculus activity remained high throughout the mission.


Due to limited land resources, spaces under bridge were illegally under used in many cities. Great hazards were existed in such used under bridge spaces. In this article, a certain bridge space was studied, time history curve for the room temperature was obtained by CFD simulation according to the hydrodynamic theory, and the data turned out to be reliable by being compared to the experimental outcomes.


The kidney plays a crucial role in the metabolism of many low molecular weight proteins. Many drugs and chemicals can injure the kidney and cause an increase in urinary proteins and enzymes. This publication reports the latest findings from experimental and clinical medicine on the renal handling of proteins and the nephrotoxicity of drugs and contrast media. Other areas of interest include renal physiology and pathophysiology, proteinuria, and the importance of urinary proteins and enzymes in the detection of kidney damage.


Computer games continue to grow and are used by people and become a research topic in the field of computer vision. Leap Motion Controller is a computer vision technology that is able to read human movements quickly. In this research, it is moving 3D animation using hand gestures with the help of Leap Motion Controller. The input of hand motion data that emits from Leap Motion is analyzed using the backpropagation method. This artificial neural network pattern uses three input layer network patterns, four hidden layers, one output layer. The data obtained are cultural and hand index data. Pointable and hand are part of finger tracks issued by the Leap Motion sensor. The type of movement used to move 3D objects in this research is a swipe to wave, circle to go, Keytap to walk, Screencap to advance or run. The data needed in the design of backpropagation artificial neural applications is to take variables from the data obtained from Pointables and hands to the coordinates of the x, y, and z-axes. The resulting accuracy result is 96.7%. In addition, backpropagation output to control 3D animation.


R y FIGURE 1. Sketch of colliding ux tubes in cross section. The solid lines are the tube boundaries. The radius of the isolated tube is R, the length of the interaction region is L, the y axis is chosen parallel to the contact surface, and is the fractional deformation. 16 y x L V in V in V A V A l 2b FIGURE 2. (a) Sketch of the magnetic ux surfaces of the colliding tubes, projected onto the axial cross section. Reconnection can take place within a thin layer along the contact surface. (b) Sketch of the Parker-Sweet reconnection geometry, which we assert ensues once the connguration shown in Figure (2a) is established by the collision. The y axis is again the contact surface and v in corresponds to the incoming tubes. In slow collisions omly a slight pileup of magnetic ux is suucient to permit Sweet-Parker reconnection.


A population of Natrix harteri is reported from the Colorado River in Coke County, Texas. Comparison with a large series of specimens from the type locality and nearby stations along the Brazos River in Palo Pinto County, Texas, in- dicates that the Coke County population is subspecifically distinct. The new race is named herein, and data are presented for the first time on the extent of variation in Natrix harteri based on a study of more than 200 specimens. Although Natrix harteri was described 20 years ago (Trapido, 1941) from the Brazos River seven miles north of Palo Pinto, Texas, and it subsequently has been found in abundance at the same locality by several herpetologists, specimens from other collecting stations have been few. Philip Harter, for whom the species was named, obtained series from Chick Bend and Fortune Bend, both upstream from the type locality, and Tinkle took one specimen just below the Possum Kingdom Dam which impounds the Brazos River ten miles northwest of Palo Pinto. Marr (1944, p. 486) reported two specimens from near Christoval on the South Fork of the Concho River, a tributary of the Colorado River, Tom Green County, Texas. Floyd E. Potter, Jr., ob- tained another specimen from the Colorado River drainage in Dove Creek, one mile west of Knickerbocker, Tom Green County, on No- vember 29, 1947. Recently one of us (Tinkle) found Natrix harteri to be abundant in the upper Colorado River at Robert Lee, Coke County, Texas. Col- lections totalling 114 specimens were made there on August 4 and 11, and October 8, 1960. Most of these are preserved in the zoology re- search collections of Texas Technological College. The other speci- mens have been distributed among a number of institutions, and these are enumerated under the heading "paratypes" below. The localities from the Brazos River are separated from the group of stations in the Colorado River drainage by approximately 140 miles. Much of the intervening area is unsuited as a habitat for a semi- aquatic animal, but, conversely, Natrix harteri has not been found in many apparently ecologically suitable localities in the two stream


Quenching affects the mechanical and corrosion properties of precipitation-hardenable alloys such as aluminum alloy 7075-T6 (AA7075-T6). In this paper, the properties of as-quenched AA7075-T6 are predicted within the framework of quench factor analysis (QFA), using cooling curves obtained from a quench test. Theoretical and computational approaches are used to predict spatial and temporal variations of temperature. The temperature variations are used to predict the quench factor and consequently the material properties. A test is carried out on a block of AA7075-T6 quenched partly in water and partly in air followed by hardness measurements and electrochemical characterizations. The results show that the hardness and the corrosion potential of the quenched block decrease as the cooling rate decreases. The results further suggest the existence of a corrosion product layer for the water-quenched part of the sample. This was not observed for the air-cooled part. A new corrosion prediction model is developed by using the QFA method, cyclic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test results. The present model may be used to potentially reduce the number of corrosion tests in evaluating corrosion properties of quenched AA7075-T6. Model predictions for corrosion and hardness are in good agreement with experimental results.


Calls of the Galah in northern New South Wales were examined. Nine structurally distinct calls and a number of variations of two of these were detected and from the circumstances in which the calls were given it appeared that the Galah had at least twelve functionally distinct calls. Among the five species of parrots examined there are fewer calls associated with location and cohesion of individuals and with intraspecific agonistic behaviour in arid-zone species compared with semi-arid species. It is suggested that this is related to social organization with few such signals being required to maintain the gregarious social systems of the arid-zone species compared to the small group systems of the semi-arid species.


Unstructured electrochromic mirrors with variable reflectance have been developed on the basis of hydrogen tungsten bronzes. The characteristic compounds of these devices are (1) solid ion-conducting layers ("electrolytes") resulting in only few micrometer thick all-solid-state systems, which can be enclosed between the substrate and a second glass plate and are thus protected from the environment, (2) integrated reflecting metal layers, and (3) hydrogen-storing electrochromic layers. Two basically different constructions are feasible. In "diffusion-driven" devices the bronze is formed (decomposed) by the chemical reaction x/2 H2+ W03⇔HxW03, in "field-driven" systems an electrochemical bronze formation (decomposition), x H + W03+ x e HxW03, takes place. The modes of construction are presented and compared, the electrochemistry of the thin layer cells involved is discussed, the prop-erties of devices according to the state of development are reported, and possible applications, e.g. as glare-free, inside and outside, automotive rear view mirrors with adjustable reflectance, are briefly described.


A fractional jump-diffusion model of stock price was constructed, the solution of the model was obtained and the It formula of fractional jump-diffusion processes was proved, under the condition of fractional market of no arbitrage environment, an equivalent martingale measure was founded and the pricing formula was obtained for European option with a constant dividend yield.


This chapter makes use of two relatively new data sets to explore some of the factors still limiting girls participation in primary school even in the context of the rapid growth of private primary schooling in rural Pakistan. The focus on primary school is justified by the fact that universal primary schooling remains an elusive goal in Pakistan where large numbers of children particularly girls still never enroll in school despite the very high estimated rates of return to primary completion. This chapter begins with a brief review of the literature on girls schooling in Pakistan in order to highlight the major factors that have been identified as potentially important to understanding the low levels of enrollment for girls in rural areas. It then describes the degree of gender inequality in school participation using data from the 2001-02 national survey on adolescents and youth in Pakistan. The third part of the chapter relies on community data from the same national survey to explore some of the factors that have influenced the geographic placement of new government and private schools over the previous five years. We are especially interested in determining the extent to which new schools are being established in areas where girls have suffered particular disadvantage in the past (the poorest districts and those with the largest gender gaps in enrollment). The fourth part of the chapter relies on panel data collected in rural villages in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Punjab (most recently in 2004) in order to explore in a multivariate framework some of the school and family factors associated with gender differences and variations in girls enrollment rates. The last section draws conclusions and implications. (excerpt)


Special investigation can highlight the features of education and teaching in party school,which are"study to apply,research to promote",and it becomes popular teaching method in main class in party school. During the course of special investigation,the main class in party school of M City has obtained certain effects,while still exists some problems,such as plain guide of mentors,formalization of investigation course,simplification of achievement evaluation and inefficiency of application. Therefore,we must promote effectiveness of special investigation in teaching from following five aspects: update concept and improve style of investigation; complete system and establish perfect mechanism; highlight important problems and avoid wrong regions; scientifically guide and increase value of achievement; unblock channel and promote transformation of achievement.


Against the problems existed in technological processes and equipment used,improvements and modifications are made,thus the quality of pellets is remarkably increased.


Aimed at the UCAV decision problem in air-to-ground multi-target sequential attack,founded a decision model of it.In order to enhance the success rate in executing multi-target attacking mission,this integrative model concerned the battle field risk during the period of executing mission of the UCAV,considered decision algorithms and air route planning separately,given a survival rate estimation method based on the distribution density of threatens,improved the efficiency of decision.Using Ant Colony Algorithm in solving the decision problem converted the decision problem to optimal searching problem,given the flow of the algorithm.The simulation result shows that this targets sequence optimize problem caused by complex battle field environment distribution can be solved by the method of multi-target sequential attacking efficaciously,and can give a reasonable multi-target attacking sequence in time.


The invention relates to a urea-formaldehyde glue adhesive and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the existing the urea-formaldehyde glue adhesive, the urea-formaldehyde glue adhesive disclosed by the invention contains a modifier, a formaldehyde deodorant, an iron oxide and a thickening agent, wherein addition of appropriate parts by weight of modifier is capable of reducing water carried into a base material during gluing and lowering the permeation of the glue adhesive; addition of appropriate parts by weight of formaldehyde deodorant is capable of effectively reducing formaldehyde volatilization during the preparation process and avoiding environment pollution; appropriate parts by weight of iron oxide serves as a pigment and is capable of visually displaying the glue application volume during glue application; and addition of appropriate parts by weight of added thickening agent is capable of enhancing the initial adhesion of the glue adhesive on the premise of ensuring the gluing strength.


Chromosome 19p13.3 Deletion in a Patient With Macrocephaly, Obesity, Mental Retardation, and Behavior Problems Adam J. de Smith, Mieke M. van Haelst, Richard J. Ellis, Susan E. Holder, Stewart J. Payne, Sugera K. Hashim, Philippe Froguel, and Alexandra I.F. Blakemore* Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, NWLH NHS Trust, Harrow, UK CNRS 8199–University of Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France


Acknowledgements Preface What is the Law? What is the Purpose of Law? What are Judges? Realisms After Legal Realism Responsibility and the Legal Mind Bibliography Bibliographic References Index


Gray relation method,gray cluster method and gray cluster relation assessment method were applied to the comprehensive assessment of Tuojiang water quality in this paper.Through theoretic analysis of each method and comprehensive analysis of their assessment results,the possibility of applying gray cluster relation method to water quality assessment was discussed.


Scale-invariant breathing oscillations are observed in similar magnetron discharges via fully kinetic particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations. The similarity law (SL) is verified over a scale from magnetron discharges to microdischarges. Breathing oscillations are suppressed at higher pressure p and enhanced at stronger magnetic fields B. In other words, the plasma oscillations appear and intensify a s the similarity invariant B / p increases. Meanwhile, the electron mobility approaches the ion mobility, and an appreciable time-averaged potential drops outside the sheath. Reducing B / p or pd , the breathing oscillations are suppressed due to the increase in wavelength or the decrease in characteristic scale of discharge. With the onset and development of breathing oscillations, the electron energization mechanism shifts from sheath energization to Ohmic heating in the ionization region. The characteristics of breathing oscillations and the transition of electron energization mechanism are scale-invariant under similar discharge conditions due to the electron kinetic invariance. The results of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the operation of magnetron discharges.


In this letter, capacitive humidity sensors were made from flexible and biodegradable films of nanocellulose-containing composites. Nanocellulose (NC) was extracted from wheat straw by acid hydrolysis. The composites were made by mixing NC suspension and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution in different ratios of 25%:75%, 50%:50%, and 75%:25% by weight. The self-standing films were obtained by drying the solution in a Petri dishes. Measuring electrodes were deposited on the surface of NC-PVA composite films by magnetron deposition technique through a special stencil in the form of an unfolded capacitor. Such device parameters as sensitivity, response, reversibility, repeatability, response time, recovery time, and stability were measured. It was determined that sensors based on pure PVA have the highest value of sensitivity and response: 6,36 pF/%RH and 85.6 pF, respectively. However, the sensors made from pure nanocellulose show the highest speed (response time is 710 s and recovery time is 60 s) and the best short-term stability (signal deviation does not exceed 5%). At the same time, as the PVA content in the composite increased, the strength is decreased, and the plasticity of the material is increased. This makes it possible to develop sensors with specified characteristics. Such sensors have also been successfully used to monitor human respiratory activity.


Several proposed improvements to the Global Positioning System (GPS) are likely to benefit surface transportation. The two primary improvements are L5, the second civilian GPS downlink frequency, and Differential GPS (DGPS). This article dispels some of the myths surrounding these improvements and provides a clearer picture of their potential. In addition, the impact of setting Selective Availability (SA) to zero within the next 10 years is addressed from the perspective of its impact on both L5 and DGPS. L5 is planned to be an exact duplicate of the existing L1 downlink frequency. The contents of the navigation message include all the data necessary to determine a receiver's location. L5 provides redundancy and should fall within a band that has worldwide protection from interference. DGPS or augmented GPS describes several methods for improving the availability, integrity, and accuracy of the GPS service. The factors corrected include SA, atmospheric errors, and clock and ephemeris errors. L5 and DGPS provide different, but complementary, functions, all of which are important to surface transportation users.


Ground motion monitoring with radar images can contribute to oil & gas reservoir monitoring in several ways: For oil & gas extraction areas, InSAR ground motion results support site safety since risk areas can be identified at an early stage. For Enhanced Oil Recovery, millimetric ground motion monitoring is able to contribute to production efficiency: By mapping ground motion elevation changes over the whole area, InSAR measurements can aid the assessment of whether the pressure of injection is correctly distributed over the area. For gas storage areas, InSAR can contribute to an evaluation of the storage stability, since millimetric surface uplift could be one of the indicators for a potential storage leak.


In this paper, we investigate effect of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) under the doubly special relativity (DSR) on the thermodynamics properties of the topological charged black hole in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space only in the spherical horizon case have. Our study is based on a heuristic analysis of a particle which is captured by the black hole. We also report here some results of a usual analytical computation. However, we obtain the black hole thermodynamic properties as familiar concepts such as temperature, entropy and heat capacity under DSR-GUP. we also compare our both analytical results. Beside we discuss the behavior of the corrected thermodynamic properties vs. changes of black hole characteristics under different condition.


Early detection of the vocal fold malignancies is usually done using the flexible or rigid endoscopic exam. Video stroboscopy can be used to early detect an abnormal vibration of a portion from the vocal fold. Video contact endoscopy is an endoscopic technique that will provide the surgeon to observe histological modifications of the superficial layer and the superficial vascular network of the vocal fold. The authors started to use the contact endoscopy 10 years ago and try to have a critical point of view regarding this method. Observing the abnormal vessel patterns and histological characters will guide the surgeon to perform a targeted biopsy that will be used in early detection and follow up in patients with vocal fold malignancies.


We have shown safety and efficacy of islet transplantation (ITx) in the omentum using a biological scaffold in 3 subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Two subjects (#1 and #3) achieved primary outcome at 1 year (A1c ≤6.5%; No severe hypoglycemia). Subject 1 developed progressive decline in C-peptide after 15 months likely attributed to change in immunosuppression. Subject 3 has had stable graft function for over 2 years. We report on 18 month follow-up data for subject 3. A 46 y/o woman with T1D of 26 years duration underwent single ITx on the omentum (12,648 IEQ/Kg) using a biologic scaffold under ATG induction and combination mycophenolate sodium and tacrolimus maintenance. Pre-ITx insulin dose was 0.45 units/Kg/day and A1c 6.3%. At 18 months, 90 min C-peptide was 1.49 ng/mL, A1c 5.7%, and insulin dose 0.18 units/Kg/day; 14-day continuous glucose monitoring (Guardian Sensor 3, Medtronic) showed glucose 109±28mg/dL (mean±SD), 92% time in glucose range 70-180 mg/dL, 6% time in Disclosure D. Baidal: None. D.M. Berman: None. C. Ricordi: Advisory Panel; Self; Zone Labs. A.M. Alvarez Gil: None. N. Padilla: None. G. Ciancio: None. E. Linetsky: None. R. Alejandro: None. Funding JDRF; The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust; Diabetes Research Institute Foundation, State of Florida; University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute; Sanofi Genzyme


Two hundred and ninety specimens of clinically normal skin from eighty-two individuals were examined and the incidence of melanocytes in the basal layer was determined in vertical sections. One cell in 10 in the basal layer is a melanocyte. Melanocytes occur more frequently in adults compared to children and fetuses but the incidence probably decreases with increasing age. High density areas are the face, neck and upper limbs. The significance of these findings is discussed.


The study explained English learners' pragmatics development, learners' pragmatic competence in selected speech act, and usage of request as a one of speech acts that it used in gaining pragmatic ability. The study was offered by a public curriculum lead that prioritizes the necessity for English students to develop their ability to use request effectively in cultural communication. The study aimed to explain differences in the usage of request among Iraqi male and female undergraduate EFL students. Furthermore, most English students fail to present pragmatic ability on how to use request by relating utterances to their meanings, knowing the intention of language users, and how requests are employed in specific locations. There is growing material of researches on pragmatic ability and differences in the usage of request among male and female students for EFL schoolroom teaching. However, researchers have pointed to focus on the traditional methods rather than how English students require or use request to develop the students' production in the EFL classroom. Therefore, depending on the successful results of preceding studies, the study focused on the differences in usage of request among Iraqi male and female undergraduate EFL students. The differences in the usage of request to these learners have been discussed in details of the present research. Keywords— Pragmatics development, Differences in usage of request, and EFL students.


The creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1776 by Charles III of Spain and his Edict of Free Commerce two years later brought unprecedented commercial prosperity to the port cities of Buenos Aires and Montevideo. Unlimited trade was now allowed between this region of South America and Spain. Exports—mainly silver from Alto Perú and pastoral products from the pampas—flowed in ever greater volume to the Iberian Peninsula. In return, merchants of the estuary received from Spanish commercial houses European manufactures and luxury items. This trade which spanned the South Atlantic depended upon a complex web of credit and merchant associations between the Old World and the New, and also upon the unobstructed traffic of Spain's merchant marine. In the 1780s and early 1790s with the Empire at peace Platine commerce contributed to both government revenues and the growth of a dynamic immigrant merchant community recently arrived from northern Spain. By 1794 the booming trade of the new viceroyalty justified the creation of the Real Consulado de Buenos Aires, essentially an official merchants guild to regulate the business affairs of this region.


As one of the most failure modes for MOSFET devices, the Au-Al failure mode is mainly caused by the Au-Al intermetallic compounds (IMC) growth. The IMC growth makes the bonding strength decrease and the contact resistance increase. In order to study the Au-Al bonding failure mode, the accelerated life tests were conducted, under three temperature conditions - 150°C, 175°C and 200°C. After the tests, the life model was constructed by the Arrhenius model and the bonding lifetime was predicted. Further, the regression of the contact resistance is fitted and studied.


Studying of picularities of laser beam interaction with different materials remains an actual problem in spite of large a mount of investigations being carried out during more than thirty-year period since first industrial lasers have app.i red . It is connected with number of reasons, such as insufficiency of detailed information about physical al)d phyeo-chemical processes occuring in the zone of ias iniiuence, as well as about mechanisms, which are responcihle for foriiiing of definite. structure and chemical composition of surface layers under laser processing of materia1. The most developed is computer simulation of thermal processes. In spite of essential non-linearity ( thermoonductivity and heat capacity depend on temperature) of mathematical models of laser heating, there are exampleS of successful application of computer simulation.


Abstract Bicarbonate salts (0.075-0.125% NaHCO3, KHCO3 or 1:1 NaHCO3:KHCO3) added to surimi containing 0.3% of a phosphate blend, or added by weight at replacement levels of 25-100% of the phosphate blend, impacted the gel forming properties, color and pH of pollock and whiting surimi made under commercial production conditions. Whiting surimi also incorporated 1.5% (w/w) bovine blood plasma. The gel forming properties of either pollock or whiting surimi gels were enhanced only when specific substitution levels of bicarbonate salts were used. At certain concentrations, particularly for gels containing KHCO3, weaker gels were formed by addition of bicarbonate salts.


Abstract: Glucocorticoids regulate hematopoietic cell interactions with the bone marrow microenvironment, but the molecules involved in the regulation are still largely unknown. We have studied the effect of glucocorticoids on mRNA expression and protein synthesis of the major extracellular matrix adhesion protein fibronectin and three other extracellular proteins, fibulin‐1, fibulin‐2 and nidogen‐1, in mouse bone marrow cultures and in a hematopoiesis supporting the stromal MC3T3‐G2/PA6 cell line. Glucocorticoids suppressed mRNA expression and protein synthesis of fibronectin, fibulin‐1 and fibulin‐2, but not nidogen‐1, in adherent cells of bone marrow cultures, as shown by Northern blot analysis and immunoprecipitation. mRNA levels of all four proteins were down‐regulated by dexamethasone in MC3T3‐G2/PA6 cells, indicating a direct glucocorticoid effect on cells synthesizing extracellular matrix proteins. Dexamethasone down‐regulated fibronectin mRNA rapidly, within 2 h of treatment, in the stromal cells. This effect did not require mRNA or protein synthesis, as shown by Northern blot analysis after treatment by actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Interferon‐α, which also has been reported to modulate haematopoietic cell–matrix interactions, did not affect mRNA expression of the proteins in MC3T3‐G2/PA6 cells. Our results indicate that glucocorticoids down‐regulate expression of several mesenchymal‐type extracellular matrix molecules in bone marrow, but with a variable effect on different proteins. Thus one mechanism by which glucocorticoids regulate haematopoiesis may be by altering the relative proportions of extracellular matrix proteins.


Teacher Perceptions About Sustaining a Successful School-within-a-School by Edward F. Meidhof MS, Walden University, 2006 BA, Jersey City State College, 1972 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Teacher Leadership Walden University August 2015 Abstract Attempts to restructure public high schools by establishing separate school-within-aschool (SWS) models have not endured beyond 3 to 5 years. This qualitative case study examined a SWS that has thrived for more than 12 years. The study investigated how teachers at the school explained the success of the SWS, their experience of working at the SWS, and their resilience in dealing with the challenges that led to the lack of success of other SWS schools. The theories and models of educational change developed by Fullan, Hargreaves, and Giles and Hord provided a conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected through open-ended questions in individual interviews with 8 teacher participants who each had more than 5 years of experience at the SWS. According to study results, teachers experienced the challenges that led to the closing of other SWS high schools. However, at the inception of the SWS, the leadership established a commitment to the vision of the SWS, a tradition of collaboration among the SWS teachers, and a positive reputation among parents and alumni. The faculty of the SWS maintained its commitment through multiple leadership changes, changes in school/district policies, challenges to the vision, and changes to SWS teachers' workloads and classroom assignments. Sustaining educational change depends on the strength of implementation of the change: strong leadership, stakeholder commitment to the vision, and establishment of a collaborative professional community of teachers. These results provide guidance for educational leaders attempting to implement and sustain educational change such as the implementation of a SWS.Attempts to restructure public high schools by establishing separate school-within-aschool (SWS) models have not endured beyond 3 to 5 years. This qualitative case study examined a SWS that has thrived for more than 12 years. The study investigated how teachers at the school explained the success of the SWS, their experience of working at the SWS, and their resilience in dealing with the challenges that led to the lack of success of other SWS schools. The theories and models of educational change developed by Fullan, Hargreaves, and Giles and Hord provided a conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected through open-ended questions in individual interviews with 8 teacher participants who each had more than 5 years of experience at the SWS. According to study results, teachers experienced the challenges that led to the closing of other SWS high schools. However, at the inception of the SWS, the leadership established a commitment to the vision of the SWS, a tradition of collaboration among the SWS teachers, and a positive reputation among parents and alumni. The faculty of the SWS maintained its commitment through multiple leadership changes, changes in school/district policies, challenges to the vision, and changes to SWS teachers' workloads and classroom assignments. Sustaining educational change depends on the strength of implementation of the change: strong leadership, stakeholder commitment to the vision, and establishment of a collaborative professional community of teachers. These results provide guidance for educational leaders attempting to implement and sustain educational change such as the implementation of a SWS. Teacher Perceptions about Sustaining a Successful School-within-a-School by Edward F. Meidhof MS, Walden University, 2006 BA, Jersey City State College, 1972 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Teacher Leadership Walden University August 2015 Dedication This work would not have been possible without the unwavering support and encouragement of my beautiful wife, Gail. For all of the hours she watched me research, write, transcribe, and write again, I dedicate this study to my wife, for without her being by my side throughout this journey it would have ended too soon. All that has been and all that will come from this walk is dedicated to the only One who has given all provision for this study. Thanks to our Lord and Savior, neither my wife nor I could have completed this walk without Your Hand upon our lives and our work. Acknowledgments This doctoral journey has been an experience that has wrought moments of elation and times of exasperation. To travel this path towards a doctoral study required a mixture of humility and perseverance;without the support, encouragement, and affirmation of my committee the journey would not have been finished. I wish to thank Dr. James LaSpina, who filled in the gap as chair of my committee. Dr. Jerita Whaley, who always found the exact words to boost my weary soul, especially when facing what seemed to be endless rounds of revisions. I thank you for helping me maintain a humble vision. My greatest gratitude is to Dr. Nancy Maldonado, who could not see this work completed, but who was determined to redeem my years of frustration. Dr. Maldonado is missed, yet not forgotten. To the teachers who volunteered for my study, I thank them for their eagerness to join my study. I thank them for investing their personal time and their eagerness to share a success that should have been a failure.


earlier part of this century. Though this was pointed out by G. C. Mendis as long ago as 1943, it has not always been fully accepted, while the provocations have continued to get worse ever since. Coverage of twentieth-century economic affairs is also good. While this book in no way replaces Kingsley de Silva's, it forms an excellent updating and enlargement of H. W. Codrington's Short history of Ceylon and a good introduction, in a readable compass and an easy style, to the history of Lanka, from the beginnings to about 1980.


For product sustainability "closing the cycle" is the first requirement. If the materials used in making the product is not replenished at the rate at which it is being extracted, the cycle is open and the product would not be sustainable. This includes the materials used in generating the energy used to make the product, the transportation, use and disposal. If the materials used in a product, that includes lubricants, is one that cannot be replenished, it has to be recycled for the product to be sustainable. The other basic condition for sustainability is the eco-friendliness of the product. It is argued that the present lubricants do not fall in this category. Using the example of cutting oil emulsions we have shown that it is possible to meet the conditions of sustainability in terms of both the material extraction-replenishment cycle and eco-toxicity. Cutting oil emulsions made from coconut oil and natural additives are shown to have superior cutting properties and are completely ecofriendly. It is concluded that products made using these conditions are possible and is a necessity for man to lead a sustainable life. Closing the cycle, with respect to the energy used in the cycle will make the product completely eco-friendly.


The invention provides a method and a device for drawing a bird damage distribution graph of a power grid. The method comprises the following steps of: integrating existing records of removal of bird nests in the power grid; calculating a bird nest density of each tower, wherein the bird nest density is the number of bird nests which are removed within a set time period; performing cluster analysis on a bird damage density according to the bird nest density of each tower; distinguishing different bird nest density regions subjected to cluster analysis so as to obtain the bird damage distribution graph. By the method and device for drawing the bird damage distribution graph of the power grid, the bird damage distribution graph is drawn by cluster analysis according to the existing data records of removal of the bird nests; by the drawing method, important reference can be supplied to management decision of the power grid in the aspects of artificial bird cage installation and bird damage prevention and treatment, so the problem in resource distribution during conventional drawing of the bird damage distribution graph is solved; the drawing method is combined with an actual condition of the power grid; the method and the system have scientific basis, high credibility and great economic benefit; and power supply safety is guaranteed.


The paper deals with a signal analyzer for real time detection and analysis of transients. In particular, the analyzer implements a suitable procedure, based on the wavelet transform, for analyzing disturbances affecting the power supply voltage. It mounts a good performance digital signal processor and adopts the VXI standard interface. Hardware and software solutions are described in detail. Experimental results on signals characterized by different disturbances with known characteristics assess the reliability of the proposed analyzer.


In 1978 a group of the Liberian Institute of Biomedical Research, the New York Blood Center and a Dutch anthropologist and nurse Corrie Gerrits found a high prevalence of epilepsy in the Grand Bassa area in Liberia. In 1982 Goudsmit and Van der Waals found a prevalence of 28 pro mille in the same area 1 . In January 1987 100 of 300 patients in district 3B of this area were examined. At that time they were under control of a local village health worker (VHW) supervised by Gerrits. This area had already been visited for 5 years, 3 or 4 times a year and treatment was given only with phenobarbitone, which had been donated from abroad