Studies were carried out on the effect of gamma radiation on A. egypti, the minimum dose required to produce nonreproductive males, and the minimum dose required to kill the eggs. The doses given were 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 6000 r for different batches of adults and 1000, 2000, 2500, and 3000 r for different batches of freshly laid eggs, each batch containing 100 eggs. Life span and feeding and mating habits of irradiated mosquitoes were similar to those of normal ones up to 2000 r although the number of eggs laid by a single female varied considerably. The size of the eggs and different stages of larvae compared favorably with the controls. After exposure of 6000 r, mating activities were less marked in males. Very few eggs were laid or none at all, and the eggs did not hatch. In females, however, normal activities were noted: the eggs hatched after a normal course and normal development of larvae and adults occurred. Eggs radiated with 1000 r hatched in a normal course of 1 to 3 days and the development of larvae was normal. With 2000 r only 50% of the eggs hatched and development of the larvae was delayed.more » Heavy mortality was marked. With 3000 r most of the eggs did not hatch, and the 1 or 2 larvae that hatched died immediately. It is concluded that the males of A. egypti required a much lower dosc of gamma ray exposure for sterilization than females. The eggs can be killed by exposure to between 2000 and 3000 r. (H.H.D.)« less


A three-layer feedforward neural network is applied to model indoor radio propagation. The cluster analysis is employed to describe complicated indoor propagation environments. The simulation result has demonstrated that this method is feasible and substantial potential.


The effect of the properties of the poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) component (varying molecular weight, end-group and titanium contents) on the thermal processes occurring between 200 and 350 o C in stabilised and unstabilised blends (phosphorous acid stabiliser) of PBT and polycarbonate (PC) is stuided in a dynamic study using a temperature programmable Fourier Transform infrared cell in gas decomposition and transmission modes. The total amount of CO 2 released by the PBT/PC blends is found to be greatly reduced by the presence of a phosphorous acid stabiliser in the blend


Background : A multifunctional mediator, endothelin (ET)‐1 is implicated in the pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced cirrhosis in rats resolves upon termination of CCl4 treatment. We determined the hepatic ET‐1 system during such reversal and assessed whether ET‐1 receptor antagonism enhances this process.


The present invention has a proliferation inhibitory effect and decreases the effect of yaw danbaekryang excellent parmesan declination cells, IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, useful in the prevention or treatment of various kidney diseases such as nepeuroje syndrome, formula [Wherein the R R T is an oxygen atom or the like, a sulfur atom; Q is a hydrogen atom or a substitutable group; Z is to provide a containing acceptable salt of the compound or a pharmaceutically represented by a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group deungim] as an active ingredient, the novel pharmaceutical composition.


We evaluate two mechanisms for setting prices in a QoS-enhanced network with congestion-sensitive pricing and resource allocation based on users' willingness to pay. In the rst model, the congestion-sensitive component of the price is calculated by t^ atonnement, with the price adjusted gradually to drive down the user demand to the supply level of network resources. In the second model, each user submits multiple bids for dieren t bandwidths, each bid expressing its willingness to pay a certain premium for the corresponding bandwidth during congestion. Simulations show that both approaches provide greater network availability, revenue, and perceived user-benet than a congestion-independent policy. Both approaches have generally similar performance in terms of perceived user-benet. The t^ atonnementbased model obtains higher network revenue than the auction-based model. The auction-based model achieves higher network utilization at a given level of perceived user-benet, but has higher implementation complexity and longer set-up delay for new connections. The proposed auction-based model serves more users than comparable auction-based schemes, and has less signaling overhead and greater certainty of service availability.


Over the 30 years since the adoption of reform and opening up policy,Chinese nongovernmental organizations rise rapidly and show special way of development against a complicated social background.The great number of nongovernmental organizations become an important force to overcome the "polarization tendency" in the relation pattern and mode of thought in Chinese tradition,as well as in the democratic rule by law process,resulting in a "flexible" vertical power division mechanism,organized and group-oriented right protection mechanism,nongovernmental order generating mechanism marked by autonomy and balance and citizen moldering mechanism based on grass root quality.Although there are still some difficulties and problems in the development of these organizations,its role and functions can not be underestimated and its bright future can not be neglected.


The article presents the results of study of qualitative and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton of the Dniester River within the Republic of Moldova and Dubasari reservoir in 2020. In phytoplankton compositions of the Dniester River were identified 64 species, Dubasari Lake – 56 species. The numbers of phytoplankton changed within the limits 0,39 to 16,99 mln. cel/l with biomass 0,7-17,19 g/m3 in Dniester River and in Dubasari Lake – 3,47-14,83 mln. cel/l with biomass 4,76-11,29 g/m3. The values of saprobic indexes, estimated on the basis of species-indicators from phytoplankton composition, which are in proportion of 60% typically β-mezosaprobic, confirm the following: the water quality of Dniester River and Dubasari Lake in the period of 2020 year was satisfactory for the development of phytoplankton and was attributed mainly to II-III (good-moderately polluted) quality classes.


A finite-time control scheme for autonomous body-fixed hovering of a rigid spacecraft over a tumbling asteroid is presented. The relative configuration between the spacecraft and asteroid is described in terms of exponential coordinates on the Lie group SE(3), which is the configuration space for the spacecraft. With a Lyapunov stability analysis, the finite-time convergence of the proposed control scheme for the closed-loop system is proved. Numerical simulations validate the performance of the proposed control scheme.


Researchers have begun examining the antidepressant effect of intravenous ketamine, an N -methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist and anesthetic (JW Psychiatry Jul 9 2012). Thus, research into potential additional therapeutic uses, especially with an easier-to-administer formulation, is of interest. This controlled, double-blind study …


The performance of mode-locked fiber ring lasers incorporating two opposite-dispersion chirped fiber Bragg gratings is presented in different dispersion regimes. Pulses of nanojoule energy and duration well below 100 fs are generated.


Few books focus on African philosophy. Indeed, some outside of Africa are "surprise [d] at the mention of African philosophy" (xix), assuming that it is a Western construct. In his one-volume Companion to African Philosophy, Kwasi Wiredu has gathered forty-two well-researched and enlightening essays on the subject by both well-known and unknown sages, philosophers, academics, and politicians. Intended to form a comprehensive text on African philosophy for a target audience of graduate or undergraduate students, the book covers all the main branches and schools of philosophy, but from an African perspective. Most of the essays present new scholarship, with a few adapted from earlier work. The extensive bibliography confirms the existence of African philosophy and supports the argument for its rightful place alongside other philosophies. In his introduction, Wiredu recounts the struggle to define and recognize African philosophy and provides a background for understanding historical and contemporary issues. Part 1 deals with issues that define the role of philosophy, analyzes the contributions of notable philosophers (such as Amo's critique of Descartes' arguments), and examines African political philosophy. The essays in part 2 focus on what philosophical approach is needed for the betterment of the people of Africa, emphasizing methodological issues—for instance, whether to apply one of various classifications that sometimes overlap, such as African traditional wisdom or contemporary philosophy. Part 3 examines issues of logic, epistemology, and metaphysics. Here the contributors articulate the cultural practices and beliefs that shape Africans' perceptions of their environment. According to Ifeanyi Menkiti, an individual's identity can be described as "I am because we are" (324). On the topic of religion and morality, however, the focus shifts to Yoruba culture, describing how the Yoruba understand and control the forces acting upon their lives. Part 4 looks at the philosophy of religion and issues that have been misrepresented, denied, or subjected to conflicting interpretations. "Islam in Africa," for example, examines whether Islam has made Africans recreate themselves in a new Islamic identity that transcends geographical and historical boundaries.


The author examines the problem of simulacra in the legislative space. Simulacra appear as speculative constructs of power in the politics of law, as one of the successful manipulations of the masses. Simulacra have a transcendental nature (the observer has the full impression that he is a part of it), and technically function in a way that always reproduces the illusion. At the same time, the person himself cannot contemplate and comprehend the entire scale and depths of the alluring simulacrum, which is used as part of the power manipulation. After technological revolutions, simulacra really take over history itself. Automation and robotization contribute to this process. The automaton and the robot are two simulacra of a person that accelerate the political and legal mutation of a human being into a machine, when he receives the "status of a machine." From that moment on, power continues to reign, although it ultimately transforms into simulation of power.


Background information. AQPs (aquaporins) are water channel proteins that are expressed in almost all living things. In mammalians, 13 members of AQPs (AQP0–12) have been identified so far. AQP5 is known to be expressed mostly in the exocrine cells, including the salivary gland acinar cells. A naturally occurring point mutation (G308A, Gly103 > Asp103) was earlier found in the rat AQP5 gene [Murdiastuti, Purwanti, Karabasil, Li, Yao, Akamatsu, Kanamori and Hosoi (2006) Am. J. Physiol. 291, G1081–G1088]; in this mutant, the rate of initial saliva secretion under stimulated and unstimulated conditions is less than that for the wt (wild‐type) animals.


An expression is derived for the nonlinear conductivity tensor of rank three αβγ (k 1 , ω 1 ; k 2 , ω 2 ) of a conductor with an arbitrary dispersion law taking account of the Fermi-liquid interaction and of spin-independent electron scattering by impurities in the case when k 1 k 2 (ω 1 , ω 2 are the frequencies, and k 1 and k 2 the wave vectors of electromagnetic waves). This expression is asymptotically exact under the anomalous skin-effect conditions. It is shown that the contribution of the magnetic field of the wave σ (αβγ (H) to the nonlinear conductivity cannot be calculated in the τ approximation, but it is necessary to include the incoming term in the collision integral


In this paper, harmony search algorithm is applied to curriculum-based course timetabling. The implementation, specifically the process of improvisation consists of memory consideration, random consideration and pitch adjustment. In memory consideration, the value of the course number for new solution was selected from all other course number located in the same column of the Harmony Memory. This research used the highest occurrence of the course number to be scheduled in a new harmony. The remaining courses that have not been scheduled by memory consideration will go through random consideration, i.e. will select any feasible location available to be scheduled in the new harmony solution. Each course scheduled out of memory consideration is examined as to whether it should be pitch adjusted with probability of eight procedures. However, the algorithm produced results that were not comparatively better than those previously known as best solution. With proper modification in terms of the approach in this algorithm would make the algorithm perform better on curriculum-based course timetabling.


The unstructured learning resources,which appear based on web2.0,have great significance in online learners' socialized development.The unstructured learning resources refer to those resources without steady source,explicit structure,or special instructional design,and the relation between them is not specific and clear.There are mainly six forms of unstructured learning resources,and building a reasonable organizational environment and management mechanism is the precondition and base of their effective application.


This paper proposes an attitude regulation method for reduced-order control of four-rotor aircraft based on the principle of internal model. When the external disturbance signal exists, the feedforward gain matrix of servo compensation and the state feedback channel are designed, and the control law is obtained. Regulating and controlling the input signal to realize the zero steady error tracking of it. The state observer is designed to simplify the detection process and reduce the number of sensors in the four-rotor aircraft control system. At the same time, the disturbance signal is acquired by the external disturbance state observer, and the disturbance signal is suppressed by the feedforward control design compensation channel. The simulation results show that the system has good static and dynamic characteristics, and realizes the zero steady tracking of the servo system, which has strong robustness and engineering application value.


In this paper, we propose an efficient self-calibration mechanism, achieving localization as well as orientation, for wireless acoustic sensor network. Time difference of arrival (TDOA) based on wireless and acoustic signals, while direction of arrival (DOA) based on acoustic only, are used jointly to achieve acoustic sensor node calibration. Each sensor node is equipped with three microphones and a wireless transceiver. Sensor nodes are calibrated by using two beacon positions with respect to a reference node whose position is assumed to be known. Our approach requires a single moving beacon (MB) equipped with RF and acoustic signal sources. Once a node has been calibrated (in terms of location and orientation) it can be considered as a valid reference for the remaining uncalibrated nodes. We have developed hardware platform to validate the proposed calibration mechanism. Performance results show the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed mechanism.


Collapse buckling failure is induced to deepwater pipeline easily by the special marine environment.Through the deep analysis of the collapse buckling features of deepwater pipelines with different radius-thickness ratio,collapse buckling and post buckling behavior are calculated and analyzed on the pipe models with different radius-thickness ratio and initial ellipticity.It is found that the classic theoretical formula is not appropriate for small radius-thickness deepwater pipelines.Based on classic theories and calculation results,the appropriate modified formulas are proposed for critical collapse buckling pressure.At last,the theoretical support and engineering recommended are provided for collapse buckling assessment of small radius-thickness deepwater pipelines.


Static pages are converted to active pages by using ASP.NET technologies,utilizes the contents in the pages can be found more quickly。 The common operators can update the content of page easily by updating the content of database。Furthermore,the use of compiled language C#.NET will greatly improve the efficiency when the pages are loaded。A file named Config.web is used to store the information of Web station,which can improve the scallibility of Web.


This study aimed to explore the perceptions, concerns, and strategies of LGBTQ social media activists in Turkey. Through semi-structured interviews with 20 LGBTQ social media activists, we investigated how they navigate cultural and political challenges and utilize social media for activism purposes. Our findings revealed that LGBTQ activists in Turkey strive to balance the risks and benefits of being online activists. They aim to avoid punishment from society and the government while simultaneously asserting their existence and amplifying their voices through social media. In addition, the study highlights the concerns of activists regarding both state and lateral surveillance.


One important factor for successful conduct of research is the researcher's research capability and attitude. This study aimed at determining the research capability, and engagement among public elementary teachers. Moreover, it determined the relationship between the research capability and attitude and the level of research engagement of public elementary teachers of the three districts in the Division of Bukidnon. The study utilizeda descriptive-correlational research design. A total of 85 teachers were surveyed using a modified instrument. Frequencyand percentage distribution, weighted mean, Pearson Moment Correlation, and ANOVA were used for ststitical treatment. The study revealed thatthe teacherswere highly capable in conducting research.However, the research engagement of the respondents did not have significant difference when grouped according to their profile such asage, sex, length of years in the service, and grade level handled. Further, position, highest educational attainment, research trainings attended, number of research activities done had significant relationship with research engagement. Additionally, lack of time and resources were the most common barriers and challenges they encountered in conducting action research. Thus, this study concludes that conducting action research requires time, effort and sources. Hence, an action plan is developed to facilitate the teachers' research capability, attitude, and engagement to be implemented in the Division of Bukidnon.


Through interactive gaming, virtual reality applied to butterfly and forest conservation activities can reach a broad audience and initiate a paradigm shift towards coexistence between humans and butterflies under urban settings. Butterfly World 1.0 is a serious game designed to teach players about butterflies and plants in dry forest ecosystems in the Florida Keys (USA). Tasks include butterfly and plant identification and the removal of an invasive ant species. The immersive virtual environment allows players to explore the forest without swarms of mosquitoes and oppressive heat present in the real environment. Rethinking a different way of communicating butterfly conservation and environmental stewardship through gaming, we can reach many who might otherwise remain untouched by traditional education routes. Virtual gaming, designed to educate the player through meaningful tasks and measurable outcomes, presents another avenue for direct knowledge acquisition and passive empathy through direct experiences.


Background: NCCN guidelines for first-line treatment of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer includes either FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus paclitaxel; however, these two treatment regimens have not been compared in a randomized clinical trial. In this study, we investigated genomic predictors of treatment response to guide this treatment decision.
 Methods: We selected 1,250 patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who were treated with first-line FOLFIRINOX (FOLF, n = 588) or gemcitabine plus paclitaxel (G+P, n = 662) within the nationwide de-identified Flatiron Health-Foundation Medicine clinico-genomic database (CGDB). The de-identified data originated from approximately 280 US cancer clinics (~800 sites of care). Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed by Foundation Medicine on tumor samples from each patient as part of the standard of care. Gain/loss status as well as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) status of each chromosome arm was assessed using a custom research-use only algorithm that utilizes copy number model calls for each segment and SNP MAF information from sequencing data. Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify chromosome arm-level aneuploidies associated with survival in patients treated with first-line FOLF or G+P. In each treatment cohort, a multivariable Cox model was built using the bidirectional stepwise regression procedure to select aneuploidy features associated with survival. A binary risk score was calculated based on the linear predictor of the multivariable Cox model and categorized as high vs low using a median threshold.
 Results: Among the FOLF-treated cohort, we identified six aneuploidy features associated with survival (Bonferroni adjusted p < 0.05). FOLF-treated patients with a low FOLF risk score had better survival compared to those with a high FOLF risk score (HR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.34-0.61, p = <0.001). This association was not observed among G+P-treated patients (HR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.66-1.11, p = 0.25). Among the G+P treated cohort; eight aneuploidy features were associated with survival (Bonferroni adjusted p < 0.05). G+P-treated patients with a low G+P risk score had better survival compared to patients with a high G+P risk score (HR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.33-0.57, p = <0.001). This association was not observed among FOLF-treated patients (HR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.66-1.12, p = 0.25). These findings remained after adjusting for clinical features including surgery and ECOG performance status (HRG+P: 0.52, p = <0.001; HRFOLF: 0.5, p = <0.001).
 Conclusions: In metastatic pancreatic cancer, we found different chromosome arm-level aneuploidies were associated with survival for FOLF and G+P regimens which suggests an aneuploidy-based risk score may have utility in choosing first-line treatment.
 Citation Format: Kuei-Ting Chen, Radwa Sharaf, Garrett Frampton, Lee Albacker, Ericka Ebot. Identification of aneuploidy biomarkers associated with response to first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1243.


It is increasingly recognised that plants are highly sensitive organisms that perceive, assess, learn, remember, resolve problems, make decisions and communicate with each other by actively acquiring information from their environment. However, the fact that many of the sophisticated behaviours plants exhibit reveal cognitive competences, which are generally attributed to humans and some non-human animals has remained unappreciated. Here, I will outline the theoretical barriers that have precluded the opportunity to experimentally test such behavioural/cognitive phenomena in plants. I will then suggest concrete alternative approaches to cognition by highlighting how (1) the environment offers a multitude of opportunities for decisionmaking and action and makes behaviours possible, rather than causing them; (2) perception in itself is action in the form of a continuous flow of information; (3) all living organisms viewed within this context become agents endowed with autonomy rather than objects in a mechanistically conceived world. These viewpoints, combined with recent evidence, may contribute to move the entire field towards an integrated study of cognitive biology.


synopsis. The class Rotifera includes species which reproduce solely by apomictic female parthenogenesis and species which alternate this "asexual" reproduction with ordinary sexual reproduction. The transition between asexual and sexual reproduction is controlled by the environment. Laboratory studies with the genus Asplanch? na have shown that it is possible to identify specific molecules as inducers, which act on embryos in utero to modify their development and determine whether they will mature as sexually or asexually reproducing females. Moreover, an evolutionary rationale can be provided for the response to these particular environmental control? ling agents, which are such that sexual reproduction will occur only when it will result in successful fertilization. Rotifers are opportunistic or colonising organisms, which implies selection for rapid reproduction. We suggest that this may account, at least in part, for the origin of both apomicitc parthenogenesis and certain features of the pattern of macromolecular syntheses during development. To account for the success of those rotifers which have lost sexual reproduction entirely, we note that accumulation of mutations during periods of exponential apomictic parthenogenetic reproduction, together with "mitotic" crossing-over, could theoretically produce sufficient genotypic diversity to provide evolutionary flexibility. This would eliminate a major advantage of sexual reproduc? tion.


The main drawback of the synthesized ZSM-5(core)/AlPO4-5(shell) binary structure zeolites is large numbers of self-existent AlPO4-5 zeolites and low acidity of the aluminophosphate molecular sieve. In order to overcome these problems, a series of ZSM-5(core)/SAPO-5(shell) binary structure zeolites were synthesized by vapor-phase transport technique(VPT). Phosphoric acid, pseudoboehmite, and silica sol were used as phosphorus, aluminum and silicon sources, respectively. Triethylamine(TEA) was used as the template. These synthesized samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and N2-adsorption, respectively. The results indicate that the synthesized samples belong to binary structure zeolies with a ZSM-5 core and a SAPO-5 shell. The condition for preparing dry-gel and composition of liquid phase affect the crystallization of zeolites. Crystallinity of the synthesized samples increases as the crystallization temperature increased and the crystallization time is protracted. Using VPT technique for the synthesis of binary structure zeolites could reduce the SAPO-5 and composite molecular sieves size, and improve the distribution of SAPO-5 on the ZSM-5 surface. The experiments of heavy oil cracking show that the core/shell binary structure zeolite samples were more favourable for formation of light olefins than the mechanical mixture.


Abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, and drought are the main causes of universal crop losses. Plants have generated adaptive responses which prevent them from oxidative damage caused by environmental stresses. The present research aimed to evaluate the effect of cold stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in the leaves of eight cultivars / advanced lines of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Three-week-old plantlets were subjected to cold stress (0°C) for 24 or 48 hours. Selected antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative status of chickpea plantlets under cold stress were determined. In most genotypes, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were increased and guaiacol peroxidase activity decreased under stress conditions but the activity of superoxide dismutase remained almost constant. Based on its ranking, Cicer arietinum 'Saral', a newly released cold-resistant Iranian chickpea cultivar, had the strongest, and FLIP 05-77C had the weakest antioxidative defense system under low temperature stress.


ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES
To find preoperative predictive signs for better surgical planning of the facial nerve in parotid tumors.

METHODS
Prospective study in patients with primary parotid malignancies. Patients with primary parotid malignant tumor were investigated for preoperative clinical signs in correlation with histological findings and surgical management of the facial nerve.

OUTCOMES
The study included 47 patients. Several clinical findings as facial pain, paresthesia, and rapid growth of tumor might suggest the risk of malignancy. Paresis/palsy of the facial nerve was correlates with direct neural involvement.

CONCLUSION
There are several predictive clinical signs that might suggest malignancy of a parotid tumor.


This document contains 16 papers that were scheduled to be presented at a conference (which was canceled) on approaches and programs for helping developmentally disabled persons to be more self-sufficient. The book is divided into three sections: (1) unmasking vocational abilities, (2) enhancing functional independence, and (3) medical and communication intervention. The following papers are included: "Marc Gold's Training in Industrial Work Sites as a Placement Approach" by Marianne Roche; "The Pay-off's a Paycheck: Employment Preparation for People with Severe Disabilities" by Ronald S. Torner; "Jobs for People with Epilepsy" by Robert A. Anderson; "A Competitive Industry of Severely Disabled Workers" by John H. Leslie, Jr.; "Redesigning Sheltered Work Environments" by Jay Belding; "Needed: Creative Vocational Evaluations" by Elaine M. Shaver; "Specialized Seating Mobility--Technical Considerations" by Douglas A. Hobson; "Systems for Independent Mobility" by E'Lise B. Brown; "Concealable Helmet for Seizure-Prone Individuals" by James L. Mueller; "Support and Rehabilitation Services for Severely Orthopedically Disabled College Students" by Rodger W. Decker; "Small Steps on an Unpaved Path (Malcontents Biting the Hand that Feeds)" by Derrick Dufresne; "Mouthguard for Drooling Control" by Jacob Harris; "Protective Aids" by Wu S. Chiu; "Anticonvulsant Abuse in Institutions" by Anis Racy; "Communication Aids and Systems Clinic" by Donna DePape, and "Biofeedback for Head Control" by Carol Leiper. (KC)


Two-step conversion of aldehydes to 2-monosubstituted aziridines has been extended to sugar derivatives. Treating O,O′-isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde with benzenesulfonyl chloride and sodium cyanide, 2-benzenesulfonyloxy-3,4-isopropylidenedioxybutyronitrile is obtained as a mixture of the diastereomers in a good yield, and is converted to the corresponding ketalaziridine, 2-(1,2-isopropylidenedioxyethyl)aziridine, by the reduction with lithium aluminum hydride. When the partially racemized isopropylideneglyceraldehyde is used, the diastereomers obtained are successfully separated by the fractional recrystallization. Each diastereomeric α-sulfonyloxynitrile is reduced by lithium aluminum hydride to afford the ketalaziridine, which is p-nitrobenzoylated and rearranged to the derivative of 1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-amino-butane by means of sodium iodide. Analogously, 3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucopentodialdo-1,4-furanose was converted to two urononitriles, 3-O-benzyl-5-O-benzenesulfonyl-1,2-O-isopropyli...


The authors are grateful to the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow for the continuous guidance and encouragement to carry out the research work. We also extend sincere thanks to Dr G Rathore, Head, FHM&E Division, ICAR-NBFGR, Lucknow for the facilities and support to carry out this study. The research work is carried out under Institute based project on 'Risk and benefit assessment modelling for exotic fishes'.


The grain boundaries in high purity Fe-0 2%P-2%Cr-C alloys were analyzed by high resolution Auger electron spectroscopy. The results show that a large number of carbides in 0 3?μm average diameter exist at intergranular fracture surfaces. PHRs (Peak Height Ratio) of carbon at the boundary regions with carbides are 34 9% and 33 3% for two alloys, respectively, and the PHRs of chromium are 14 6% and 7 3%. The carbides are identified as chromium rich carbides. Remarkable segregation of phosphorus and carbon takes place at grain boundary regions without carbides. The segregation levels (PHR) of phosphorus at the boundary regions without carbides are 20 2% and 19 6% for two alloys, respectively, and its enrichment factors are 56 and 54. The PHR values of carbon at the regions are 8 6% and 12 6% for two alloys, respectively, and its enrichment factors are 308 and 450. With increase in carbon content in the alloy, carbon segregation is increased, while phosphorus segregation is slightly decreased.


AbstractThe Levant and Egypt are often considered as separate areas of academic specialization, a tendency which imposes artificial borders on knowledge and approach. It is as well to remember that they are geographically linked, the same Mediterranean Sea laps the shores of both, the land masses are continuous with only an arid region and the modern tags of Africa and Asia to separate them. The actual distance from the Eastern Delta to south Palestine is c. 200 km; by sea from the Eastern Delta to Byblos direct is c. 450 km.; and for a boat hugging the coast, perhaps 500 km. By contrast, to sail down the Nile fronl the vicinity of ancient Naqada to the edges of the Eastern Delta is around 800 kill. Such a navigable river at home was a good training ground for boat travel for the Egyptians, though sea and river conditions obviously differ greatly.


Attending physician herb doctor Bao Yanzhong thinks that,the traditional Chinese medicine treating method for treating chronic prostatitis is nimbly diverse.It includes both inener and outside treatment,the treating mechanism,is not only emphasize on the importance to an entirety discriminate,but also pay attention to partial pathological mechanism changes.On the entirety,director Bao creatively divides the pathological mechanism changes of chronic prostatitis into 7 types:swelling type,retention type,atrophy type,harden type,tubercle type,bleeding group,non-liquid type;on the treatment,he divides the Chronic Prostatitis into 3 types of blood stasis coagulates,the virtual fire scorching overcast and damage of kidney-essence,and treat the patients by the shapes.For the partial treatment,director Bao specially pay attention to the outside treatment method,he think that because that the nidus of chronic prostatitis is deep and has integument outside,by the treatment of outside treatment method,and by the direct contact of prostate,the skin around and the mucous membrane,it can make the best treating effect.The most popular outside treating methods include 3 types:prostate massage,the traditional Chinese medicine reservation enema and traditional Chinese medicine fumigate and washing and hip bath.


The Kano model can be used to translate the voice of the customer (VOC) into product specifications. Kano model offers a customer-oriented approach, supporting design teams in developing new products based on an assessment of customer needs. Customer needs are translated into design attributes, which are then deployed in process and quality requirements. Normally, customer satisfaction is proportional to the level of requirements fulfilled and customers explicitly demand one-dimensional customer requirements of Kano model, (i.e. a car, the higher the gas mileage, the higher the customer satisfaction). Thus, One-dimensional attribute is more facilitated and visualized for customers than others attribute of products i.e. attractive, must-be, and indifferent of Kano model. Generic cases, probability use for uncertainty quantifies. Thus, fuzzy logic based computational intelligence is considered to quantify customer satisfaction levels in probability for product development. Hence, this probability is applied as an input of Monte Carlo-simulation method to determine virtual respondents/sample size for one dimensional attribute of Kano Model.


Methods and apparatus for discharging cables that are to be coupled to a connector are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus includes at least one signal contact, a housing, and a ground arrangement. The housing defines a receptacle configured to receive a part of a cable assembly. The signal contact is disposed within the receptacle, and is configured to contact a first contact of the cable assembly when the cable assembly is received in the receptacle such that a signal may pass between the signal contact and the first contact. The ground arrangement is at least partially disposed on the housing, and is arranged to contact and to ground the first contact before the first contact contacts the at least one signal contact.


Some fields about TiO2 manufacture including the technological devel oping histry,plant scale and variety of TiO2 powder, self-developing technolo gy or importing technology,eco-environmetal protection,the utilization of tita nium resources are discussed. Sugges tions about developing China' s TiO2 industry are proposed.


Four alternative formulations of possible motives behind Taiwan's past patterns of resource allocation to the defense sector are examined: (1) arms race with China, (2) alliance maintenance with the U.S., (3) management of domestic political economy, and (4) budgetary incrementalism. Generalized least square regression is used to analyze the pertinent time series data. It shows that none of these models can capture entirely Taiwan's decisions on military manpower, military dollars, or weapons imports. Instead, it seems that these decisions have inovlved quite different processes and factors.


The appearance of this able examination of the fundamental positions of the natural theology of St. Thomas may be taken as evidence that the Angelic Doctor is now accepted by English students of philosophy, outside the ranks of those for whom he is invested with the prestige of the authority belonging to an approved Doctor of the Church, as one of the world's great thinkers, the importance of whose contribution to philosophical speculation no longer needs to be defended against a tradition of anti-scholastic and anti-theological prejudice, but may be taken for granted, and its value criticized in detail with the same combined respect and freedom as we are accustomed to see used in regard to Plato or Aristotle, Descartes or Kant. Dr. Patterson has greatly helped his readers by the abstract of his conclusions which he has prefixed to his work. Here we learn that (1) while disputing the distinctness in principle of the five proofs of the existence of God enumerated by St. Thomas, he holds the principle of these proofs to be sound, and not to have been destroyed by the Kantian criticism; (2) argues against St. Thomas that the distinction drawn by him between the knowledge that God is and the knowledge what he is, is illegitimate; that what Dr. Patterson calls his doctrine of degrees of being (which is by no means to be confused with Bradley's doctrine of degrees of reality) infects the world of finite beings with unreality; and that he fails in his attempt to harmonize the Aristotelian with the Christian conception of God; (3) points out certain difficulties in the doctrine of creation which constitutes so marked a distinction between the philosophical theology of the Christian doctors of the Middle Ages and that of their master Aristotle; and (4) discusses St. Thomas's view of the possibility and extent of a mystical knowledge of God attainable during this earthly life. The present reviewer would be inclined to agree with Dr. Patterson with respect to (1)—Father D'Arcy, by the way, is of the same opinion as to the essential identity of the several proofs of God's existence—and to a considerable extent also as to (2). Nevertheless, both in respect of the doctrine of degrees of being (we might perhaps better describe it as the doctrine of a distinction between Being and beings), and also in respect of (3), the doctrine of creation with which it is so closely connected, he is of opinion that what Professor Gilson in his recent Gifford Lectures on L'esprit de la philosophie medUvale picturesquely calls la mdtaphysique de I'Exode, with its ascription to God of the totality of being, while at the same time it denies that his being includes the finite "beings," which are on this view not portions of God or emanations of God, but his creatures, requires a fuller examination of its relation to the great systems of modern philosophy than it has yet perhaps received either from writers too ready to regard it as a standpoint left behind by the progress of thought or from those who (like Professor Gilson himself) are, on the other hand, too much disposed to regard those systems as the "ruins" of a synthesis destroyed by the indifference of


Objective: To analyze the CT features of bronchovascular convergence sign in peripheral lung cancer, then to make a scientific approach to its mechanism and value in estimating prognosis of peripheral lung cancer. Materials and Methods: The CT features and pathological basis of bronchovascular convergence sign in 170 peripheral lung cancers proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively. According to number and grade the sign were divided into 0~Ⅲ degree The location of bronchovascular convergence sign in tumor were analyzed also. The relation between grade of bronchovascular convergence sign and size, stage, pathological changes of cancers were used to deduce mechanism of this sign, and to estimate prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Results: ① The vast majority of≤10mm small peripheral lung cancer had 0 dgree bronchovascular convergence sign,>11mm peripheral lung cancer had more advanced bronchovascular convergence sign. No marked differences between 11~20mm and>21mm peripheral lung cancer. ② Higher staged lung cancer had more advanced bronchovascular convergence sign ③ Bronchovascular convergence sign could occur any quarter of tumor, air-bronchogram more often in hilum quarter and peripheral quarter. Conclusion: ① Fibrosis and proliferation within peripheral lung cancer are fundamental cause formatting bronchovascular convergence sign ② Vascular convergence sign is not supply vessel and tumor vessel. ③ Bronchovascular convergence sign can be used to predict prognosis and malignance of peripheral lung cancer indirectly.


The first step of a commercial function control method of printing computer is the first condition to input one cost of 'COST, SELL, MARGIN%' and display on the screen and print out. The other step of it is the second condition to input one of the remainder costs of 'COST, SELL, and MARGIN%' and print out. The next is to account out the cost of the last one of 'COST, SELL and MARGIN%' and display and print out, to get the net and print. The calling step is to tap, call, display and print one key of cost, price or gain. Take the last displayed cost of 'COST, SELL, MARGIN%' as a new cost of the first condition to input, and execute the second condition. Its function is reversing account, parity and taking repeating account according one fixed condition cost.


The present study aimed to produce yoghurt drink as a functional food fortified with persimmon fruits at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20%, w/w. The chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, microbiological evaluation and sensory properties of the prepared yoghurts were established at fresh and after 14 days as storage period. The result indicated that the pH and titraTable acidity values of the samples were altered slowly during the storage period. Also, there was an increasing in the total phenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, total solids, fiber, ash, carbohydrates and energy, with increasing of percentage persimmon fruit. Yoghurt sample containing 20% persimmon fruit had the highest value of Fe and Zn contents at fresh and after storage period. Microbial population decreased with the increasing of persimmon fruit levels at fresh and after storage period. Sensorial investigation indicated that the greatest accepTable persimmon stirred yoghurt was linked to 20% persimmon fruits. Making a healthy flavored yogurt drink can be of accepTable taste, consistency and consistency by using the right amount of persimmon fruits. Because of its high content of nutrients, including phenols, dietary fiber, vitamins, antioxidants, and other ingredients, this drink can help promote health, especially in childhood.


Aim:  Surgical options for familiar adenomatous polyposis (FAP) have been standardized in developed countries but are still controversial in China. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the results of patients with FAP treated in a university hospital.


The high level of wastewater pollution in the mining and metallurgical industries by compounds of heavy metals, including iron, enhances their migration into the environment. Due to the lack of universal high-performance and inexpensive methods of wastewater treatment and purification, the development of new technologies is very relevant. The article discusses the possibility of wastewater treatment by ultrasonic coagulation of iron compounds in a suspended colloidal state. It has been shown that the frequency of ultrasound does not affect the coagulation rate. The concentration of iron compounds in wastewater is inversely proportional to the intensity of ultrasound. It was also found that the dependence of the residual content of iron compounds on the processing time is extreme, which is associated with the formation of agglomerates and their subsequent destruction. The results obtained served as the basis for the development of the technological scheme.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Cases with spinal perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (SPAVFs) or spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) at the cervicomedullary junction are rare. We performed a retrospective, angiographic study of 6 such patients to assess whether available angiographic data were predictive of the risk for hemorrhage.

METHODS
We report 6 patients with arteriovenous fistulas at the cervicomedullary junction. All presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Angiography demonstrated that 4 of the 6 fistulas were SDAVFs fed by the meningeal branch of the vertebral artery; the other 2 were SPAVFs fed by the anterior spinal artery. Drainage was via the perimedullary vein of the cervicomedullary junction.

RESULTS
An ascending venous route into the intracranial sinus was recognized in all 6 cases; in 3 the draining system contained varices. In 2 cases, the venous route was on the ventral side of the brain stem with drainage into the cavernous sinus. In 4 cases, the venous route was lateral at the brain stem with drainage into the inferior petrosal sinus.

CONCLUSION
SPAVFs and SDAVFs at the cervicomedullary junction that manifest an ascending venous route into the intracranial sinus present an increased risk for SAH.


The essence of the law is the inner foundation of every law, every legal act. The concept of "content of law" is much richer and broader than the concept of "essence of law". The dispute about the form of law and the content of law has a long history. Rousseau put forward the state will as the principle determining the content of law. Hegel, unlike Rousseau, believed the form of law is a practical implementation of the objective spirit, and the content of law is the free will. The negation of the versatility of the content of the law logically leads to the opposition, the separation of the so-called direct content of the law from the content embodied in the economic, political and ideological standards. It is always possible to trace the direct relation of the specific content of a law with the public relations reflected in it. The main aspects of the law are not abstractions or logical reasoning, but its relevance for everyday practices. Not less important is the definition of the content of such category as the will in the law, or rather the public will. Kelsen believes that the will in the law is only conceivable by people "design of obligation", "legal will". The legal norm always expresses the will of the people and the public will. The public will is a form of effective manifestation of purposeful awareness (ideology) of the people in the society.


The invention discloses an atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro-jet sterilization method, and an atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro-jet device is adopted. The atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro-jet device comprises an alternative current high-voltage power supply, one electrode of the power supply is connected with a copper foil electrode covering a quartz fiber pipe through a high-pressure-resistant resistor, the other end of the power supply is connected with the ground, gas flow in the quartz fiber pipe is controlled through a mass flow control meter and a gas flow joint, intensity and frequency of high-voltage power supply output voltage are adjusted to stimulate the atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro jet, and the alternative current high-voltage power supply is adopted to generate micro-sized, low-temperature and highly-oriented atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro jet sterilization in a stimulating mode in the micron-sized quartz fiber tube. The atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro-jet sterilization method can work stably under the atmosphere condition, and generated atmosphere nonequilibrium state plasma micro jets are rich in active reactive groups. The plasma jet is low in temperature, capable of processing thermal-sensitive materials, fast in sterilization speed, high in efficiency, and environmental-friendly.


The absorption spectra and input photon-to-converted current efficiency curves showed that Au nanoparticles increased the plasmonic broadband light absorption, thereby enhancing the short-circuit current density of the inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells with a Au–ZnO nanocomposite electron transport layer (ETL). The power conversion efficiency of the inverted OPV cell fabricated with a Au–ZnO nanocomposite ETL was higher by 40% than that of the inverted OPV cell fabricated with a ZnO nanoparticle ETL, which could be attributed to the enhanced photon absorption in the active layer due to the localized surface plasmonic resonance of the Au nanoparticles.


Introduction Lack of a native nurse is one of the global problems in the health system (1). In addition, nurses' self-care is essential for their personal health, constant care of the others, and their professional progress (2). Most of the nurses suffer from various physical problems due to their work pressure (3). The results of a study demonstrated that 84.4% of nurses experience musculoskeletal disorders and only 30.3% of them follow their treatment and procrastinate treatment seeking until the symptoms get acute (4). The health-related procrastination (HRP) is an unnecessary delay in performing the duties, despite the initial intention for beginning or terminating those duties, which is frequently associated with negative emotions and individual dissatisfaction. HRP should have a stronger and more absolute relationship with health outcomes such as health status, compared to general procrastination (5). Although procrastination is not constantly considered a problem, it frequently leads to undesirable and irrecoverable consequences (6). Procrastination is related to health, wealth, and well-being (7). Although HRP is regarded as a special area which is valuable for those who are working to promote health behaviors, it has received less attention (8). As a result, the current study was implemented since the delay is less considered in adulthood, especially in the nursing population who can differently experience such a phenomenon compared to the others individuals in the health area which is of particularly important. Nevertheless, few HRP studies individually measured health problems, treatment seeking, health behaviors, and general or academic procrastination using separate instruments, they failed to measure HRP by a single instrument. In addition, the checklists, which measure the incidence of health problems and healthrelated actions, were used to assess the health problems and behaviors (9,10) while they should not be confused with HRP. In fact, health-related duties cannot be delayed without any rational reason despite being aware of its negative consequences (5) Therefore, neglecting or delaying health behaviors may not be considered as HRP since delaying health behaviors may occur with acceptable reasons or due to the lack of awareness regarding its consequences. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate the prevalence of HRP and its related factors, especially the health status of nurses.


Species composition and features of polychaetes distribution in macro- and meiobenthos in the western Black Sea at 15 – 125 m depths are given. There are 35 species of bristle worms with 27 species in macrozoobenthos and 31 in meiobenthos of which 25 are pseudomeiobenthos, 6 – eumeiobenthos. The highest qualitative and quantitative indices are characteristic for the Bulgarian shelf. Aggregation of larval and juvenile polychaetes observed at a 15 m. Maximum abundance of polychaetes in eumeiobenthos is observed at 45 – 90 m depths.


The somatotopic organization of cutaneous primary afferents projecting to the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord was investigated. The fluorescent neurotracer, 1,1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) was applied to cutaneous incisions made along ventrodorsal axial lines (VDALs) or rostrocaudal axial lines (RCALs) of the trunk and hindlimb. DiI‐induced fluorescent zones appeared in laminae I‐III of the dorsal horn in the transverse section. Several fluorescent zones appeared at different mediolateral portions after tracer application to VDALs. After tracer was applied to RCALs, a single zone of fluorescence was observed. Serial transverse sections were used to reconstruct fluorescent zones in lamina II and to illustrate the rostrocaudally elongated band‐like projection fields in a horizontal plane. In the horizontal plane, the fluorescent zones of VDALs were reconstructed to band‐like projection fields. These fields were arranged mediolaterally and extended rostrocaudally for approximately the length of one spinal cord segment or less. The fluorescent zones of RCALs were reconstructed to one band‐like projection field. This field extended rostrocaudally over several spinal cord segments. Cutaneous afferents from the ventral median line of the trunk, tail, hindlimb, sole, and ventral side of the digits projected to the medial margin of the dorsal horn. Cutaneous afferents from the dorsal median lines projected to the lateral margin of the dorsal horn. By analyzing the pattern of the body surface regions and the VDALs and RCALs, the central projection fields of body surface regions could be hypothesized, based on the central projection fields of the individual VDAL and RCAL afferents. Thus, we established a detailed dorsal view map of the central projection fields of cutaneous primary afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 445:133–144, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


protection. Some studies in determining the conditions of application and functioning of the system accept the assumption of a worst option (in terms of information protection). This assumption leads to an unjustifiably high expenditure of resources. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that the indicator of the effectiveness of the information protection system is the probability that the values of the random vector of the system's quality indicators belong to a random set of admissible values. The article offers the semantic aspects of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the information protection system, the generalized structure of its functioning in information and telecommunication systems at the modernization stage. This allowed justifying the concept of the effectiveness of information protection, as the property of a purposeful process, which is characterized by the degree of achievement of the protection system purpose. This concept is stochastic and depends on a combination of external and internal factors. Thus, the value of the probability of finding quality indicators of the information protection system within the acceptable limits is an indicator of the effectiveness of the information protection process. Based on the developed indicator, a criterion for the suitability of the system is formed.


Abstract An authentic, challenging curriculum engaged middle school students from an urban district in exploratory work related to restoring a small prairie at the school. Integrated science-literacy-arts activities were coupled with a system of thinking skills that helped students view issues from different perspectives. Impassioned guest speakers and an enthusiastic teacher inspired students to build a relationship with the content, express their ideas creatively, interact with each other on student-designed projects, and to assume a leadership stance. Middle school students of all academic levels would benefit from teachers implementing similar subject-integrated, real-world-connected work in their classrooms.


We investigate the role of electrothermal feedback in the operation of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). It is found that the desired mode of operation for SNSPDs is only achieved if this feedback is unstable, which happens naturally through the slow electrical response associated with their relatively large kinetic inductance. If this response is sped up in an effort to increase the device count rate, the electrothermal feedback becomes stable and results in an effect known as latching, where the device is locked in a resistive state and can no longer detect photons. We present a set of experiments which elucidate this effect and a simple model which quantitatively explains the results.


Demand management is the supply chain management process that balances the customers' requirements with the capabilities of the supply chain. With the right process in place, management can match supply with demand proactively and execute the plan with minimal disruptions. The process is not limited to forecasting. It includes synchronizing supply and demand, increasing flexibility, and reducing variability. In this paper, we describe the demand management process in detail to show how it can be implemented within a company and managed across firms in the supply chain. We examine the activities of each sub‐process; evaluate the interfaces with corporate functions, processes and firms; and provide examples of successful implementation.


In the framework of the perturbative QCD approach, we study the charmless pure weak annihilation Bc->KK decay and find that the branching ratio BR(Bc->KK) O(10^-7). This prediction is so tiny that the Bc->KK decay might be unmeasurable at the Large Hadron Collider.


With the increasing of sports tourism and the increasing demand of sports activities,sports tourism in China,more and more become one of the focal points of tourism development.This paper studies the urban residents' sports tourism cognitive level,sports tourism motivation,sports tourism experience,influence factors of sports tourists to participate in tourism,sports tourism demand characteristics.It has important significance to develop sports tourism market and sports tourism products,meet sports tourist personality demand,and promote the development of sports tourism industry.


The problems of agency theory related to security valuation are normally discussed in the context of "owner‐managers" and "outside shareholders", and/or equity‐holders and debt‐holders. In this paper we discuss agency problems that emerge when there is only one shareholder (and no debt), but where the shareholder is a trust with separate income and capital beneficiaries. Trust ownership of this sort is not uncommon. The agency problems emerge as the two classes of beneficiaries have claims on cash flows that occur at different times, with income beneficiaries having claims until "capital" is transferred to the capital beneficiaries. The agency problems that are discussed are dividends, risk shifting, capital structure, cost capitalisation, and investment policy. In all cases agency problems arise, and in some respects the agency problems are more pervasive than in the more "orthodox" settings.


Crowd estimation and monitoring is an important surveillance task. We address the problem of estimating the "flow," that is the number of persons passing a designated region in a unit time. We designate an area of the scene as a virtual trip wire and accumulate the total number of foreground pixels (in the trip wire) over a chosen time period. We show that cumulative pixel count is related to the number of persons passing through the trip-wire by a scale factor. This scale factor is highly sensitive to the "crowdedness" (levels of crowd density) of the scene which creates different levels of occlusion of the individuals walking/passing through the trip-wire. We use texture features to determine the crowdedness and choose the most appropriate scaling factor. Our method does not require detection and tracking of individuals and is robust to scene dynamics, background subtraction errors, and different crowd levels.


Beckett seems to have moved into television unprodded, uncoaxed by anything save the challenges of the medium, the difficulties of subsuming yet another machine to character, as he did with the tape recorder in Krapp's Last Tape and the motion-picture camera in Film. On his fifty-ninth birthday he began a new work, another monologue. It was familiar if painful matter, a man, also in his late fifties, alone in a room, and a voice in his head haunting him. As he was in Film, the protagonist is again concerned with avoiding perception and its consequence, being, and the opening mime of Eh Joe virtually repeats the early room sequence of Film (in fact, in a preliminary note to himself, a note which precedes even the first holograph version, Beckett had Joe spend the night in a chair as, presumably, O did). The plot is as simple as that of Film, which Beckett has described as follows: "one striving to see one striving not to be seen." Of Eh Joe Beckett has said: "It is his passion to kill the voices which he c...


COVID-19 is among the most salient issues in the world presently, and for many current executives, it is likely to be among the greatest challenges they will face. Upon entering the U.S. context, the disease was immediately subject to the process of affective polarization, with clear partisan splits forming around perceptions of its risks that did not relate to science. We explore whether firms' preexisting political positioning affected how they voluntarily disclosed to their investors on a novel, affectively polarized issue by examining whether firms' disclosure of COVID-19 risks covaries with their partisan political giving. Analyzing conference call and campaign contribution data for the S&P 500, we find a positive association between a firm's contributions to Democrats and its disclosure of COVID-19 risks.


The professional development of teachers and school leaders is an important factor in improving the overall quality and effectiveness of schools. Teachers and Principals who are well trained and who have exposure to different educational systems are in a position to draw on their experiences of other systems to improve outcomes for their classrooms, staffrooms and institutions as a whole. Reflecting on our own experiences of organising and delivering a Study Tour, we also present the experiences of Jamaican public educators on a recent Study Tour to England. From their feedback, it is clear that this experiential approach to capacity building has gone some way in stimulating participants' thinking as regards their practice and how this can be improved, underpinned by Hargreaves and Fullan's (2012) notion of reconceptualising professional capital and Mintzberg (2004) view of global mindsets.


Summarlr : Recent classification of epilepsy proposed by ILAE in 2001 contains diverse scientific observations to guide better approaches to epilepsy than prior ene in 1989. But in clinical practice, there are significant discrepancies between etiologies (genetic defect, location of epileptic zone, etc) and clinical phenotypes (epilepsy types. AED responsiveness). There are sti11 limitations for the classification to obtain essential diagnostic information from diagnostic modalities such as EEG and MRI, and many unknown determining factors influencing the onset of epileptic condition, clinical progress and evolution and prognosis. This review is to provide current proposal and the direction f classification for better practical guide to epileptic patients, TILh)LMS 20os;26:76-83


Smart homes can improve life by providing comfort, leisure, safety, and healthcare to residents. Nevertheless, the smart home concept depends on the integration on human and non-human intelligence, which raises a host of questions concerning its implication on legal liability. The legal issues in relation to definition of smart home, data protection, privacy, liability and insurance coverage. The aims of this paper is to discuss the perception of smart home users on the sustainable urban living and its challenges. This is a qualitative study and involves a small survey among smart home users in Kuala Lumpur. The findings show that there is no legal specific definition of smart home, there is no specific standard or specification issued by any regulatory bodies to regulate the network or appliances being used in smart homes. Majority of residents agreed that there are threats of privacy to smart home users. And privacy is not guaranteed and majority of residents agreed that their smart home and devices is not covered by insurance policy. Hence, a policy and specific law or at least provisions regarding smart home must be drafted or inserted in the present statute initiated by the Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing, and Local Government of Malaysia.


Five configurations for a dual digestion were examined. The units were based on three 5 dm3 completely stirred tank reactors (CSTR). A first-stage thermophilic digester was used to provided the feed to each of the two second-stage mesophilic (35 °C) digesters. The thermophilic digester was operated initially at 55 °C with a hydraulic retention time of 4 h and then, later, at 60 °C with a hydraulic retention time of 3 h. The mesophilic digesters were operated at hydraulic retention times of 9, 12 and 15 days. In terms of volatile solids' (VS) reduction, the systems with a first stage at 60 °C gave the better performance. However, based on the specific methane yield (m3 CH4 per kg VS removed), the configuration with a first stage operating at 55 °C and a secondary digester with a hydraulic retention time of 12 days was the most effective.

© 1999 Society of Chemical Industry


With the increasing number of power grid information systems and the deepening requirements for information intensification, the concept of cloud computing has entered the sight of power grid enterprises. This paper discusses the application of cloud computing in power grid enterprises from the aspects of the concept, service level and core technology of cloud computing. This paper holds that the introduction of cloud computing into power network and the construction of power network security immune system cloud can provide effective support for the development of power network. Based on the characteristics of power network and relying on a new storage and calculation mode of cloud computing technology, this paper expounds how cloud computing technology provides technical support for data storage and analysis of power network, and analyzes the benefits brought by cloud computing technology to power network. The possible security threats of power network cloud and the corresponding preventive measures are discussed.


The augmented Lagrangian (ALAG) penalty function technique is used to optimize low-output voltage, offline full-bridge (FB) zero-voltage-switched (ZVS) pulse width modulated (PWM) converters. Various design tradeoffs, such as the ZVS range, the leakage inductance, and the switching frequency, are discussed. A 5 V, 325 W ZVS-FB-PWM converter was designed. The hardware implementation is used for extensive experimental verification.<<ETX>>


Nowadays, web shopping is more than selling product. Many web shopping have basic analytics system to analyze customer data, transaction data including demographics, age and gender. They add many features in web shopping to maintain customer loyalty. In this research, we made a web shopping that can analyze customer shopping behavior. We used FM (Frequency and monetary) analysis based on a "transaction" data set. We categorize the customer based on how often they buy, how much they buy and how much the value of purchased item. We use K-Means algorithm to cluster the customer based on their transaction. Analyzing and understanding customers' buying behavior can help the store to know what they are looking for. Therefore, at every customer web page that is in the same cluster will appear recommended products accordance with the transaction that has been done. Recommendation Products are presented is the prediction of the type of goods that may be chosen by the customer. So that the recommendation products that appear on web pages between customers will be different. The data used for this test is "Istana Accessories" store data from January to June 2014. The results show that recommendation product from K-Means algorithm successfully obtained and displayed on the customer page.


Previous works have shown that wavelength conversion can considerably improve the performance in all-optical networks. However, it is an unrealistic assumption under the current technology and wavelength conversion with a limited range, not a full range, is more promising. In this paper, we propose a new analytic approach for such networks by virtue of the layered-graph where each wavelength is virtually assigned a separate link. Our analytic approach can allow a flexible routing method. For example, wavelength assignment and routing selection can be considered at the same time, which has never been treated in the past literature.


1. This note contains the statements of three theorems on lowdimensional differentiate manifolds (dimensions 3 and 4). The proofs, which use techniques partly connected to [ l ] , will appear elsewhere. We denote by Mn + (<t>\) the manifold obtained by adding the handle of index X, D\XDn-\, via the embedding <£x: S X I X A Ï X —*dMn, to Mn. More generally, we shall use the following notation: If Pn-iC.Sn-i = dDn is a bounded submanifold and ^ : Pn_i—»ikfn an embedding, we denote by ikf«+(^), the space AfnUDn, where every tf£JPn-i is identified to \l/(x)ÇzMn. I t is understood that, if \f/(Pn-i) CdMni then Mn+fy) is a "usual" differentiable manifold, otherwise a "singular" one (see §2).


In recent times, service-learning has emerged as a popular community-based instructional pedagogy. However, scholars have a sharp contention about the role of service-learning as a community engagement paradigm in higher education. Furthermore, limited studies exist on service-learning as a transformative instructional pedagogy in higher education. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by presenting an analytical review on the potential of service-learning as a transformative pedagogy in higher education. A traditional narrative review method was used to survey on the theme of the study to establish a theoretical framework and draw conclusions. An extensive survey of existing literature was conducted on the role of service-learning as transformative pedagogy in higher education. This research may help answer the following two critical questions: What are internal and external limits to service-learning in higher education? To what extent can service-learning replace the traditional mode of teaching and learning in higher education successfully? The review shows that service-learning is a critical transformative pedagogy that helps achieve the boarder goals of higher education in a more effective way. The review further informs that service-learning is a community engagement approach that can also be used as a teaching method for achieving specific civic and democratic goals of higher education.


Despite the large bandwidth available for all users in high-speed wireless networks, resources allocation and user scheduling remain essential to combat interference, increase throughput and reduce complexity. As the number of users increases, the computational complexity tends to increase significantly. The trade-off between the complexity reduction and capacity improvement is the challenge. Hence a unique ant-colony optimisation method is implemented with successive interference cancellation to reduce complexity and provide higher capacity to more users. The incurred complexity is at least 50% less than other schemes. The average mean square error achieved is around 4 dB smaller than that of the existing scheme.


Oldham Council libraries are taking part in a national reading initiative to improve the health and wellbeing of those living with dementia.


Recently, there has been much development on burn-in models in reliability area. Especially, the previous burn-in models have been extended to more general cases. For example, (i) burn-in procedures for repairable systems have been developed (ii) an extended assumption on the failure rate of the system has been proposed and (iii) a stochastic model for burn-in procedure in accelerated environment has been developed. In this paper, recent extensions and advances in burn-in models are introduced and some issues to be considered in the future study are discussed.


Hydrocarbons emitted from vegetation act as precursors in ozone formation, and isoprene dominates biogenic hydrocarbon emissions in the southeast US in the summertime. Accurate isoprene emission inventories are necessary to assess the contribution of isoprene to regional ozone formation, in order to develop effective ozone control strategies. A tree chamber system was developed effective ozone control strategies. A tree chamber system was developed by TVA to measure whole-tree isoprene emissions, in order to address several sources of variability and seasonal and diurnal effects. Measurements were obtained by enclosing a 20-ft tall northern red oak in a chamber. Measurements of isoprene concentrations of air entering and leaving the chamber, made with an RGA3 reduction gas analyzer, and the rate of air flow through the chamber were used to calculate isoprene emission rates. Measurements began in early August. Emission rates showed a strong diurnal pattern, increasing with increasing temperature and light intensity. midday emissions in August during full sun were 50-90 [mu]g isoprene/g dry wt leaf biomass/h, depending on the temperature. Rates decreased throughout September to 10-30 [mu]g/g dry wt/h by the end of the month, and emissions had stopped by mid-October. Preliminary results indicate that single-leaf measurements were higher and moremore » variable than whole-tree rates, suggesting that whole-tree measurements may provide a more accurate and appropriate measurement of emission rates for use in modeling.« less


Plastic pollution has universally known accumulated in all environment compartments and accelerating threat to the sustainability of earth. Field survey to examine the occurrence of microplastics in ancient sea water evaporation technology of ponds at Pallengu-Jeneponto, was conducted. From this sea salt producing ponds, samples of water, sediment and freshly harvested salts were collected. Sixteen samples each of water and sediments and 12 salts were collected. From 16 water and sediment samples there are 31 microplastics item discovered in 11 water samples (68.75% of total contamination) and 41 microplastics item observed in 10 sediment samples (62.5% total contamination), respectively. Interestingly, sampling points at sedimentation/heating pools were found to be the locations with highest occurrence of microplastics in both water and sediment. There are 7 salt  samples positively contaminated with 29 microplastics or 58.3% of total contamination, which predominated by line and fragment forms. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy analysis has revealed polymers of polyvinyl acetate (41.7%), polyethylene (33.3%) and polystyrene (25%). There was no significant difference found on microplasticss occurrence from 3 kinds of samples collected, although there was a decreasing trend of total microplastics found from water, sediment and salt. Microplasticss abundance were ranged 7-55 items/L water, 14.6-50 items/kg sediments and 6.7-53.3 items/kg salt. With microplastics abundance reached over 53 microplastics items/kg salt, it is believed that continuous consumption by people will end up with possible accumulation of potentially absorbed of various toxic chemical pollutants which present in sea water as salt raw materials. The need for robust and practical strategy in water quality management for reduction of microplasticss contamination in consumed salts is a must.


Tapping mode atomic force microscopy was used to spatially resolve areas of different doping type and density on a static rando m access memory integrated circuit. The application of a dc bias applied between cantilever and sample during imaging results in a change in the tapping-mode phase contrast that depends on the doping density of the imaged area. Our experiments demonstrated that this method allows for distinguishing between p- and n-doped areas as well as distinguishing between regions of doping den sities ranging from 1016 to 1020 cm-3. Methods for characterizing doping patterns in submicrometerpatterned semiconductor circuits are becoming increasingly important as device structures continue to shrink. During the last several years, a variety of techniques for two-dimensional doping profiling were introduced. Currently, scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM), scanning Kelvin force microscopy (SKFM), and nanospreading resistance probe (nano-SRP)1-5 show the most promise among these techniques for fulfilling the requirements specified by the National Roadmap for Semiconductor Technology (NRST).6 These requirements include: 20 nm spatial resolution, 10% uncertainty in the dopant concentration determination and a sensitivity range for dopant concentrations from 1 x 1014 to 1 x 1020 cm-3. Furthermore, it is desirable that the measurements are reproducible and nondestructive. The above mentioned scanning probe methods are at least partially capable of fulfilling these specifications, however each technique falls short for at least one of the requirements in the NRST. The greatest problems with SCM and SKFM are associated with inconsistencies in sample preparation. In the case of nano-SRP, the measurement results in damage to the sample surface.7 Recently, we introduced a new tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM)-based technique that can laterally resolve regions of varying dopant density and type. 8,9 This method uses TMAFM with an additionally applied dc bias between cantilever and sample. Depending on its polarity and magnitude, the bias introduces Coulomb forces between the cantilever and the sample surface. The relative strength of these forces is a function of the doping density. These minute variations in the Coulomb forces can be monitored as a change in the phase of the cantilever oscillation relative to the cantilever driving frequency (TMAFM uses a cantilever excited into resonance with an oscillating piezoelectric driver for the imaging process).10 Topographic and doping level dependent phase images can be acquired simultaneously with this method by operating the microscope in the so-called interleave lift mode in which each line in an image is scanned twice. The first scan produces a standard TMAFM height image where the amplitude of the cantilever oscillation is monitored as a feedback signal. The second scan retraces the same line at a user defined height above the sample following the previously determined topography profile. This procedure results in the tip sample distance remaining constant during the second scan when the doping dependent phase image is measured. This procedure assures that the measured phase contrast depends exclusively on the electronic properties of the sample surface and avoids distance dependent Coulomb forces. It also eliminates short range dispersion forces that can dominate the tip-surface interactions at distances near contact.


Protein isolates and peptide fractions from food sources (cereal grains), have been shown to exert bioactive properties including antiobesity, anticancer, antiangiogenic, etc. One such food source is rice bran, which is an underutilized co-product of rough rice milling. It contains 90% of the nutrients and nutraceuticals of value to health, including high quality protein. The high quality protein is a potential source to generate peptides that can reduce hypertension and oxidative stress, both being important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to extract peptide hydrolysates from heat stabilized defatted rice bran by enzymatic hydrolysis, evaluate the hydrolysates for gastrointestinal (GI) resistance, fractionate the GI-resistant hydrolysates by ultrafiltration to obtain >50 and 10-50 kDa fractions, and determine antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in the fractions. For antihypertension activity, angiotension-1 converting enzyme (ACE) assay, and for antioxidant activity, the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was conducted. We report that the ACE-I inhibition activity values for the unfractionated and unhydrolyzed (control), and fractions of >50 kDa, and 10-50 kDa were 6% (control), 78%, and 55%, respectively, clearly denoting antihypertensive activity for the peptide fractions. When tested for antioxidant activity, the >50 kDa fraction decreased from an initial DPPH of 95.48 to 78.99 mg/g, while the 10-50 kDa fraction decreased from an initial 110.35 to 76.53 mg/g, depicting reduction of radical-induced oxidant stress. The results demonstrated that the high molecular sized peptide hydrolysate fractions (>50 and 10-50 kDa) from rice bran bear antihypertensive and antioxidant properties and could possibly find a place as a health beneficial nutraceutical ingredient in food applications. * Janika Hull is a 2011 graduate of Alabama A&M University with a major in food science and a minor in amimal science. This paper is based on research conducted with the protein chemistry group at the University of Arkansas during her summer internship in 2010 funded through the Masterfoods USA, IFT Foundation. † Arvind Kannan is a Post-doctoral Associate in the Department of Food Science. § Navam S. Hettiarachchy is a faculty mentor and a professor in the Department of Food Science.


Method of cleaning zinc oxide depleted in the isotope Zn64, the admixture of tin and carbon, characterized in that as an object for cleaning is not used itself zinc oxide, and the intermediate conversion - zinc hydroxide, purified from tin impurities and carbon by washing with hexane (brand " OSCH "TU 2631-003-05807999-98) of calculation: 1 kg of zinc hydroxide 0,005-0,006 m3 of hexane.


Background: Post dengue outbreak in July 2018, an entomological survey was undertaken in the Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh in India, to identify risk factors for Aedes breeding and subsequently suggest mitigation measures to control the epidemic situation. Method: In view of the clustering of dengue cases, three wards of Diara primary health centre and surrounding villages were selected for the survey. Hand catch method was used to collect adult vectors resting indoors, whereas immature stages of vectors were collected from containers using a ladle. Man-hour density and other vital entomological indices were calculated using the standard methods. Results: An alarming Breteau Index (129), as well as a very high House Index (75), Container Index (32) and Pupal Index (120) were observed during the survey, indicating a dengue outbreak situation. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, vectors of dengue, were collected from the affected region with man-hour density ranging between 1 and 6.4. Plastic containers and syntax tanks were the major containers observed in households to store water due to irregular water supply. Interpretation & Conclusion: The population was hesitant to discard the stored water due to scarcity and irregular water supply. Plastic containers were the most productive for Aedes breeding. Community knowledge, attitude and practices towards the severity of dengue, its prevention and control were low. The present study recommends that the dengue control strategy should focus on keeping water supply and plastic containers in mind and the community should be mobilised to keep water containers covered properly, or source reduction should be done.


Abstract Nearly 50 years of observations of hook echoes and their associated rear-flank downdrafts (RFDs) are reviewed. Relevant theoretical and numerical simulation results also are discussed. For over 20 years, the hook echo and RFD have been hypothesized to be critical in the tornadogenesis process. Yet direct observations within hook echoes and RFDs have been relatively scarce. Furthermore, the role of the hook echo and RFD in tornadogenesis remains poorly understood. Despite many strong similarities between simulated and observed storms, some possibly important observations within hook echoes and RFDs have not been reproduced in three-dimensional numerical models.


ARR4 has been associated with X-linked, female-limited, high myopia. However, using exome sequencing (ES) in a Southern Chinese family, we identified the first hemizygous high myopia case in a male patient. A novel truncated mutation (ARR4: c.569C>G, p.S190*), which co-segregated with the disease phenotype in affected members, was identified in this family. Because the proband's father was a hemizygote for the ARR4 variant, the present study demonstrated a case where high myopia caused by ARR4 is not X-linked, female-limited. This implied that a complicated X-linked inheritance pattern may exist for ARR4. Thus, the results of this study expanded the variant spectrum in ARR4 and provided additional information for genetic counseling, prenatal testing and diagnosis. Moreover, we characterized the pathogenic role of ARR4 c.569C>G (p.S190*) and demonstrated that the mutant protein accumulated under ER stress and was degraded by the proteasome.


The report presents an analysis of the Russian sites participation in the Data Challenge of the Alice experiment in CERN in 2004. Job execution and system efficiencies of the Russian sites are compared. The statistics of total events done at these sites are also presented .


Vinylcyclopropane (1) is deprotonated in the gas phase by NH 2 - or Me 2 N - to afford its conjugate base (1a). Vinylcyclopropyl anion is quite basic (ΔH acid (1)=394±3 kcal mol -1 ), has a relatively small electron binding energy (12±5 kcal mol -1 ), and reacts with a variety of reagents including N 2 O, CS 2 , COS, O 2 , and SO 2


NOTES OF THE WEEK . . . . . . -a . ; ,.a . . . INDIAN NATIONALISM : The Faith of Arabindo Ghose .,. THE NECESSARY BASIS OF SOCIETY . . . . . . . . . A BUSINESS POLICY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GOOD BREEDING OR EUGENICS. By M. D. Eder . . . FEUDAL SOCIALISM : A Plea for Natural Combination. By Captain F. P. Fletcher-Vane . . . . . . . . . THE TRUE GOSPEL OF FEMINISM : A Reply to Mr. Belfort Bax. By Millicent Murby . . . . . . . . . . . . SOME SUGGESTED DEFINITIONS. By Edwin Pugh . . . page


Development a system constituted by several things, one of them is to facilitate user in overcoming a work and or give a information which quickly and is accurate. A system will be told to succeed when in application not make user encumbered or make work become old and difficult.
In this final duty [of] writer will try to finish a existing problem of courier and company in face of a problems of quickest route with algorithm of transitive closure. Problems to be tried to be overcome by writer cover quickest route information, arrival time and journey llama by courier.
Scheme of system conducted by writer use Language programming of java. And also will be used your you application to support writer system which have make. your You application is used to run SMS gateway to be needed by writer. In this case writer not merely making just application of desktop but writer will make application of SMS gateway which later will connect application of desktop with courier ponsel. This matter because of to handle existing insuffiency in application of desktop which [is] writer make.


Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) inhibits factor XIa, plasma kallikrein and factor VIIa/tissue factor; accordingly, it has been proposed for use as an anticoagulant. Full-length TFPI-2 or its isolated first Kunitz domain (KD1) also inhibits plasmin and therefore it has been proposed for use as an antifibrinolytic agent. However, the anticoagulant properties of TFPI-2 or KD1 would diminish its antifibrinolytic function. In this report, structure based investigations and analysis of the serine proteases profiles revealed that coagulation enzymes prefer a hydrophobic residue at the P2′ (nomenclature of Schechter and Berger, BBRC, 27:157–162, 1967) position in their substrates/inhibitors, whereas plasmin prefers a positively charged arginine residue at the corresponding position in its substrates/inhibitors. Based upon this observation, we changed the P2′ residue Leu17 (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor/aprotinin numbering) in KD1 to Arg (KD1-L17R) and compared its inhibitory properties with the wild-type KD1 (KD1-WT). Both WT and KD1-L17R were expressed in E. Coli, folded and purified to homogeneity. Amino-terminal sequences and mass spectra revealed proper folding of the KD1-WT and KD1-L17R. As compared to KD1-WT, the KD1-L17R neither prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time of normal plasma nor it inhibited factor XIa, plasma kallikrein or factor VIIa/tissue factor. Further, KD1-L17R inhibited plasmin with ~4-fold increased affinity. In a mouse liver laceration model of bleeding from small vessels, KD1-L17R reduced total blood loss by 84% compared with KD1-WT, which reduced total blood loss by 10%. Moreover, in this bleeding model, KD1-L17R was more effective than aprotinin (70% reduction), which has been used as an antifibrinolytic agent to decrease blood loss during major surgery. In this model, KD1-L17R was also more effective than the lysine analogue tranexamic acid (52% reduction). In additional studies, in a tail transection model of bleeding from a large vessel, KD1-L17R reduced total blood loss by 70% and was more effective than KD1-WT (46% reduction), aprotinin (43% reduction) and tranexamic acid (67% reduction). Notably, as compared to aprotinin, renal toxicity manifesting as multifocal tubular necrosis by histopathology was not observed with KD1-L17R or KD1-WT. In conclusion, KD1-L17R is a specific inhibitor of plasmin without anticoagulant properties and is more effective in reducing blood loss compared with known antifibrinolytic agents in clinical use.


Gaining professional status is an important milestone, but what happens next? Studies show that the true benefits of gaining EYPS are only felt when you have continued on your learning journey.


The present study aimed to identify the seasonal changes in the hydrochemical characteristics of the Huixian karst wetland and the underlying mechanism. Conventional ions and isotopes of 130 groundwater samples collected during the wet and dry seasons were analyzed. The hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Huixian karst wetland were clarified using mathematical statistics and hydrochemical methods, including Durov diagrams, ionic ratios, Gibbs diagrams, and H and O isotopes. The hydrochemical evolution and sources of major ions in the Huixian karst wetland were also investigated. The results showed that cations and anions in groundwater in the study area were dominated by Ca2+ and HCO3−, respectively, sourced mainly from calcite weathering. The ions of some groundwater samples were regulated by weathering of dolomite, dolomitic limestone, and pyrite, resulting in relatively high concentrations of Mg2+ and SO42−. K+, Na+, SO42−, NO3−, and Cl− in groundwater originated from precipitation, Na+ and Cl− originated from domestic sewage, K+ was related to the application of potassium fertilizer in agriculture, and NO3− mainly originated from chemical fertilizer. Groundwater ions were primarily controlled by rock weathering, followed by evaporative concentration. The sources of major ions were dependent on the dissolution and precipitation of carbonate rock, as well as the chemical weathering of silicate rock and evaporite. Samples from the various water sources were scattered on both sides of the local meteoric water line (δD = 3.13δ18O − 13.9), which indicated isotopic composition was affected by evaporation and precipitation.


In this paper,from the principles of visual sense and light. I have briefly stated the basic knowledge of light and summed up the function and characteristics of frontal light , side light, back light, scatter light,natural light and artificial light.


In order to effectively evaluate the relationship between safety investments and accident impact losses in the mining occupational health and safety management system, a grey relational analysis mo ...


Provided is a control device of a power converter that can shorten the charging time of a DC line and the recovery time of transmission power. VDCOL control circuits 10A, 10B have differing VDCOL characteristics on the rectifier 3A side and inverter 3B side, respectively, and each VDCOL characteristic has two DC voltage breakpoints, high and low, with the upper limit value of the DC current command value in the section between the high and low breakpoints being set lower on the inverter 3B side than the rectifier 3A side, the low breakpoints of the VDCOL characteristics agreeing, and the upper limit value of the DC current command value in the section from the low breakpoint and below being set lower on the inverter 3B side than the rectifier 3A side.


Weather conditions become an extremely important parameter before the outset of major constructional projects at remote places. This paper proposes the design and development of weather station which is powered by utilizing renewable energy for such remote places where there is no electricity supply and has been developed for unmanned operations which would continuously render real time weather related data using Internet of Things i.e., IoT to provide graphical data of the weather conditions over a long period of time. The proposed device will measure weather parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, altitude and pollution levels with high precision and at very less power consumption to provide all the round 24 hours of active operation.


Regular aerosol observations based on wellcalibrated instruments have led to a better understanding of the aerosol radiative budget on Earth. In recent years, these instruments have played an important role in the determination of the increase of anthropogenic aerosols by means of long-term studies. Only few investigations regarding longterm trends of aerosol optical characteristics (e.g. aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and̊Angstr̈om exponent (̊ AE)) have been derived from ground-based observations. This paper aims to derive and discuss linear trends of AOT (440, 675, 870, and 1020 nm) and̊AE (440–870 nm) using AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) level 2.0 spectral observations. Additionally, temporal trends of coarseand fine-mode dominant AOTs (CdAOT and FdAOT) have been estimated by applying an aerosol classification based on accurate ÅE andÅngstr̈om exponent difference ( ÅED). In order to take into account the fact that cloud disturbance is having a significant influence on the trend analysis of aerosols, we introduce a weighted least squares regression depending on two weights: (1) monthly standard deviation ( σt ) and (2) number of observations per month ( nt ). Temporal increase of FdAOTs (440 nm) prevails over newly industrializing countries in East Asia (weighted trends; +6.23 % yr −1 at Beijing) and active agricultural burning regions in South Africa (+1.89 % yr −1 at Mongu). On the other hand, insignificant or negative trends for FdAOTs are detected over Western Europe (+0.25 % yr −1 at Avignon and −2.29 % yr−1 at Ispra) and North America ( −0.52 % yr−1 for GSFC and−0.01 % yr−1 at MD ScienceCenter). Over desert regions, both increase and decrease of CdAOTs (+3.37 % yr−1 at SolarVillage and −1.18 % yr−1 at Ouagadougou) are observed depending on meteorological conditions.


Part I. The First Story: Caetana Says No: Patriarchy Confounded Part II. The Second Story: Inacia Wills her Way: Patriarchy Confirmed.


We investigate an Arctic haze event observed by an air-borne Lidar system and sun-photometer. From optical backscatter and extinction coefficients we retrieve by regularized inversion the particle microphysical properties. We found a stable bimodal size distribution.