Based on titanium mesh membrane electrode assembly(Ti-MEA),passive direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC) was designed and made.Titanium metal mesh was used as Ti-MEA electrode substrate material,Nafion 117 membrane was used as Ti-MEA proton exchange membrane,PtRu/XC-72R and Pt/XC-72R were used as Ti-MEA anode catalyst and cathode catalyst respectively.Passive DMFC shell made of organic glass material,seals made of silicon sheet,standard parts was used as fasteners.Polarization performance of passive DMFC,based on Ti-MEA,was tested with different concentration of methanol electrolyte under room temperature and air-breathing.The research results show that:(1) when the methanol concentration increase from 0.5 mol/L through 1.0 mol/L,and to 1.5 mol/L,the peak power density of passive DMFC increases firstly,decreases later;(2) When the methanol concentration is 1.0 mol/L,the peak power density of passive DMFC is 3.91 mW/cm2.


The smooth muscle cells in monkey mesenteric arteries ranging from 100 to 600 pm in outer diameter were investigated with SEM after removal of perivascular and intramural connective tissue components by HCl hydrolysis. The shape, arrangement, and dimensions of the muscle cells were evaluated at the fine structural level. The muscle cells ran parallel to each other and were almost circularly oriented with respect to the vessel axis to form a compact and regular media. The muscle cells in the outer portion of the media were elongated, sickle-like, and flattened in the axial direction of the vessel with a maximum thickness of about 3.5 pm and a maximum width of about 6.5 pm. They ranged from 65 pm to 85 ,um in length irrespective of the vascular diameter. The outermost cells had a highly rugged adventitial surface with many nodular protrusions and occasional transverse or oblique folds, whereas the deeper muscle cells had a generally smooth surface. The innermost cells characteristically possessed a series of cross ridges projecting inwards. Adjacent ridges were connected laterally to form parallel longitudinal folds. The muscle cells in the outer portion of the media were frequently connected to each other by cylindrical processes less than 0.5 pm in diameter. Transmission electron microscopical studies in recent years have elucidated the fine structural features of vascular smooth muscle cells in great detail, particularly with regard to the contractile elements and sarcoplasmic reticulum (for reviews see 3, 27, 28). These studies, however, have provided little information as to the shape, dimensions, and arrangement of the muscle cells; these parameters have relevance for the functional analysis of vasoconstriction and dilation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is particularly useful in this respect, since it permits three-dimensional observation of biological structures in a comparatively large visual field. Vascular smooth muscle cells, however, cannot be the object of direct SEM investigation because they are normally concealed within extracellular connective tissue components such as collagen, elastic fibers, and the basal lamina. Various techniques have been developed recently to selectively remove such obscuring components (4, 6, 16, 19, 25, 26, 33). In previous communications, the smooth muscle cells and pericytes associated with microvessels were clearly depicted with SEM via these techniques (16, 18, 32, 33). Likewise, the autonomic plexuses innervating the microvessels have also been visualized (31). The present SEM study concerns the overall morphology of vascular smooth muscle cells in small muscular arteries. This type of artery plays an important part in regulating blood flow by active contraction of the muscle cells. The mesenteric arteries were selected for this study because they have been extensively investigated both physiologically and pharmacologically,


In this study, an imprint lithography technique was performed to transfer patterns onto indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates by embossing an etch barrier on the substrates and curing them under irradiation at room temperature. The etch barriers containing glycidyl methacrylate were spectrally analyzed to verify that they were deposited on the ITO-PET substrates firmly and rapidly with minimum variation in dimensions. To fabricate the ITO patterns, the substrate was etched by reactive-ion etching to eradicate the residual layers and by wet etching to carve the undisplaced ITO lines. Scanning electron microscopy observation and profilometric analysis for these processes showed only about 2% of linewidth shrinkage after polymer cross linking, easily compensated in mask design in applications. Also, the 150nm of ruled features on the pattern were successfully transferred using the same resist. Moreover, the flexible ITO patterns illuminated the practical electroluminesce...


Abstract A plant feeding mite, Sinobryobia fani n. sp. (Tetranychidae: Bryobiinae: Bryobiini) is described from Australia. It is the first record of the genus for Australia and the second record of the genus for the world. A key to the species of Sinobryobia is provided.


An investigation was made of model dressed and undressed solid and hollow glass spheres on the rheokinetics during the curing of epoxy binder based on ED-20. It was established that the introduction of solid undressed glass spheres in a quantity of over 15 wt% slightly accelerates the curing process (~15%) of composites. For the first time it was shown experimentally that the surface treatment of glass particles with a dressing agent containing terminal amine groups leads to an increase in the curing rate owing to the chemical interaction of reaction groups of the dressing agent and epoxy oligomer.


A common assumption people make about American elections is that women voters will be the most likely source of support for female candidates, a phenomenon referred to as the "gender affinity effect." Using National Election Study (NES) data from 1990 to 2000, this project expands our understanding of forms that this affinity effect can take by examining two underutilized measures of reactions to candidates: information and candidate affect scores. The author also considers the impact of political party on women's and men's attitudes toward female candidates and examines whether any gender affinity effect in reactions to female candidates is related to people's voting decisions.


Objective To select the active principle extracted from Bidens bipinnata L that can protect aganist acute liver injury,and to explore the hepatoprotective effect.Methods Seventy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into the normal control group,the CCl4 injury model group,the A composition of Bidens bipinnata L group(360 mg/kg),the B composition of Bidens bipinnata L group(180 mg/kg),the C composition of Bidens bipinnata L group(100 mg/kg,and the Bifendate(100 mg/kg) group.All the mice except for those in the normal control group had acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) 10 ml/kg injected intraperitoneally.The animals were killed 18 h after CCl4 administration.The liver index,activities of serum aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD) in liver homogenate,as well as the pathological changes of the liver were determined in all groups.Results In comparison to the normal control group,the liver index,the level of serum ALT,AST and the content of hepatic MDA were increased significantly in CCl4 injury model group(P0.01),while the activities of hepatic SOD were significantly decreased(P0.01).And the liver histology showed necrosis and degeneration,the disappearance of hepatic lobules and hepatocyte,and the degree of liver pathology lesions increased significantly compared to the normal group(P 0.01).The liver index and serum ALT in groups treated by Bidens bipinnatal were significantly lower than those in model group(P0.01).The liver necrosis and degeneration induced by CCl4 were also improved significantly by Bidens bipinnatal.Conclusion The flavonoids of Bidens bipinnata L have protective effects aganist acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice,which maybe the major active principle of hepatoprotective effect of Bidens bipinnata L.


Dairy employees in the San Joaquin Valley are staying longer in their jobs. Our study in 2009 showed that the average length of employment has increased 250% since 1953 and 40% since 1984. However, tenures among non-Hispanic employees were twice as long as among Hispanic employees, suggesting there are opportunities to further increase workforce stability. The reasons why workers leave dairies are mostly the same as they were 30 and 60 years ago. We also compared our 2009 California interview results with recent studies in the eastern United States, where trends were similar.


Neurodevelopment and Neuropaediatric Diseases Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBIS/ HUVR/CSIC/US, Seville, Spain, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom, Bioscience Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Newcastle University, Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy


Although studies have identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with asthma risk, a large fraction of heritability remains unexplained, especially in Chinese individuals.


The paper is an attempt to open discussion on the role of "the individual" in contemporary progressive and radical political discourse and criticism. Academic stress on the contexts in which individuals operate, while necessary and useful, cuts us off from sources for thinking about such a role. Jung's ideas about the relations of individual and social/collective are important and suggestive yet require extensive revision. Camus's book The Rebel is useful in making such revisions. Centrally, the paper proposes new thinking about "broken" and "fractured" individuals as it probes the limits of personal responsibility. Questions of individual political "type" or "style" are posed, intended to provide a novel account of how political attitudes, engagements and behaviours may be conceptualised. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background: The linear incision and its modifications are the most commonly used incisionsbecause of being simple and having good outcome. Linear incisions have the advantage of easier upward and downward extension. Layers of the scalp can be arranged as the mnemonic SCALP: S (Skin), C (Connective tissue), A (Aponeurosis), L (Loose areolar tissue), and P (Pericranium). Aim of Study: Is to evaluate thesufficiency of linear scalp incisions, and its resultant scar. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study performed on 43 cases with different pathologies all of them were operated using linear scalp incision between January 2017 and December 2019 in Neurosurgery Department at Benha University Hospitals. Results: Forty three cases were operated using linear scalp incision in the period from January 2017 to December 2019 at Neurosurgery Department at Benha University Hospitals. The age of patients in this study ranged from 5 years to 66 years with a mean age of 29 years. The patients in this study were composed of 24 females and 19 males. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to three years. Conclusion: Linear scalp incision has a very great safety and efficacy in different types of craniotomies. We found the disadvantages to be present in few cases and can also occur in other types of scars that may be worse than linear incisions and can be minimized by taking care of langers lines and vascular territories of the scalp and minimizing the use of artery forceps.


The results of laboratory and field trial showed that the mixture of fenpropathrin and pyridaben 1:1 had better control effect to Tetranychus trancatus Ehara. Control effect in laboratory reached 98.6% in 24 hours, in field 90.24% under small population. Control effect of all tested pesticide was poor under big population.So It is better to control Tetranychus truncatus Ehara at earlier stage.


Recently, a large amount of solidification material such as cement is used to improve high-water-content dredged clay. However, the use of such a large amount of solidification material involves the problem of high cost and raising the pH of the ground. On the other hand, bamboo has high fertility and erodes other vegetation, which causes damage to mountain forests. Therefore, it is necessary to harvest bamboo regularly. Moreover, effective use of harvested bamboo is also required from the viewpoint of environmental protection. Currently, with the miniaturization of crushers, there are increasing cases of making bamboo into chips. According to the previous studies, the effectiveness of the improved method of mixing bamboo chips and solidification material in high-water-content dredged clay is clarified. However, it is concerned that the improvement effect using bamboo chips will be different due to the difference in the water content and physical property value of the clay. Moreover, the possibility of strength reduction due to decay of bamboo chips which is organic substance is also considered. Therefore, this study examined the strength and deformation characteristics of bamboo chips mixed solidified soil using clay with different water content and liquid limit. In addition, physical and mechanical characteristics of bamboo chips mixed solidified soil which was decayed forcibly were investigated. As a result, it was revealed that the strength of the bamboo chips mixed solidified soil depends on the liquid limit and the initial water content of the clay. Moreover, it was clear that the forcedly decayed bamboo chips mixed solidified soil had long-term durability because no decrease in compressive strength was observed.


The use of new technologies including personal mobile devices has become an indispensable tool in our daily lives, and thus its presence in education is becoming ever more ubiquitous In the current scenario imposed by the COVID‐19 pandemic, in which in‐person presence in classrooms has been enormously reduced at all educational levels, the use of mobile learning and cutting‐edge methods can greatly improve the way students learn and enhance their online‐learning experience Mobile applications, combined with extended reality technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), are powerful tools that connect real and virtual environments and allow higher interaction for the user We have leveraged the advantages of mobile learning and extended reality technologies to develop a series of mobile applications and associated educational activities for university‐level courses involving invertebrate zoology field work In particular, we have developed (a) a VR SCUBA diving video to explore the diversity of a marine protected area;(b) an AR mobile app to visualize 3D models of marine invertebrates;and (c) a mobile‐based catalogue to explore the terrestrial biodiversity of one of the most diverse regions of Spain Here we provide detailed information describing the design and creation of these tools, as well as their application in class, to facilitate and encourage their use in higher education Despite the relatively recent application of these technologies in education, they have an enormous potential: they improve student motivation and learning, can be adapted to different learning styles, reduce social inequalities, and facilitate inclusiveness and diversity practices in the classroom [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Invertebrate Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )


ZnO nanorods were grown on bare glass substrate by the CBD method under a low temperature.The effects of reaction temperature on the structure,morphologies and photoluminescence properties were disscussed by using the TG-DTA,SEM and PL.The results shown that the nanorods were ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure,and the optimum temperature was 92℃.Photoluminescence measurements were also carried out,to ascertain by computation,the relative PL intensity ratio of ultraviolet emission(IUV)to deep level emission(IDLE)of ZnO nanorods was estimated to be about 2.21,which indicated that the nanorods had the better photoluminescence behaviors.


Auto Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are widely used in a semi-conductor fabricating factory and contribute to the stable production of a high quality semi-conductor products. In the near future, further expansion of the transportation system is expected accompanied with the rapid growth of semi-conductor industries. In such situation, the necessity of performing quick planning of transportation route and transportation control will be elevated. In this paper, practicable planning of the transportation route and transportation control are studied based on the decentralized agent method. Especially, the geometrical sizes of AGVs are considered in the determination of transportation routes and control strategy avoiding the occurrence of mutual collisions or deadlock of AGVs.


Abstract This study is based on finding out how christian characteristics affects between christian theology major and non major students upon factors. Among various impacts, we especially have focused on personal profile and college life satisfaction, and what factors could relate to christian characteristics between personal characteristics variable (gender, age, grade, group activities, religion, communication time with parents, interpersonal relationship, ect.) and college satisfaction. Also, this study focused on what could be the differences between the christian theology major and non major students and if there are the differences, the survey will be analyzed and researched to figure out how much it differs from each other. Through this study christian theology major have presented the right christian virtue and had more effects of christian world view than non christian theology major students.


Abstract In this article it is argued that there is a great deal of scope for developing the small and mid-scale mining sectors in South Africa. Relative to other countries, these sectors are underdeveloped but, in any initiative to develop these sectors, caution, maturity and common sense is desirable. Small-scale mining can make a significant contribution to local economic development. At a national level its contribution is likely to be negligible. Mid-scale mining has considerably more potential for material economic impact. The article is a revised version of a paper presented at the Windhoek seminar.


This two+-day congress of accountants was held in September, 1904 during the St. Louis International Exposition. The importance of the congress for the federation of certified accountants across the United States is here confirmed. But the opportunities and intellectual challenges exposed at St. Louis, as at earlier European expositions, featured little for these pragmatic practitioners. More seriously for those claiming that an international accounting congress series began at St. Louis, an examination of its planning, agenda and participation reveals an Anglo-Saxon bias which was natural for that time. This bias was countered only by one Dutch accountant who arrived late – but who promoted the "next" international accounting congress twenty-four years later in Amsterdam. Thus evidence is here offered which contests claims that are still widely made, that international accounting was importantly initiated at St. Louis . Rather St. Louis was a specially American event to be understood in relation and contrast to European accountancy, expositions, competitions and congresses. 1 Forrester: St. Louis Exposition of 1904 and the Accountants' Congress, Sept 26-28: their history revised for 2004 Published by eGrove, 2004 The Accounting Historians Notebook, October 2004 13 parts of the world. An unambiguous precedence is given to St. Louis in Kubin & Mueller's Bibliography (1973); and in Mueller's contribution to the International Journal of Accounting, 15,1 (Fall, 1979). More recently and subsequent to the 8 World Congress of Accounting Historians in Madrid, 2000, Vangermeersch of Rhode Island has campaigned for studies of every accounting conference to focus in St. Louis, 2004. Useful details were made available on Website including Governor Frances' costings of the whole exposition! Excerpts from the papers are there given, as well as hints of the critical presentation which follow here. But it is not only the claims for precedence of St. Louis as an international which must be challenged. Also and perhaps more tendentiously we will claim that at this national congress with guests was displayed a professional narrowness which came to be accepted in subsequent accountants' congresses with untold opportunities lost Earlier and other European congresses were documented years ago by Mm. Stevelick and Pinceloupe. After some further investigation, the facts were presented at seminars in Madrid (1892), Portsmouth (1987), Syracuse (1983) by this accounting historian subsequent to an extended over-view of "Conventions, Fairs and Truth-transfers" in history for the European Accounting Association at St. Gallen (1983). My Paper on European congresses was published variously in Forrester, 1991, 1992, 1996, and 1998. But claims to priority for St. Louis must encounter the evidence which calls in doubt the seriousness of its international pretensions or achievements! Common appellations for the St. Louis event were called in doubt by the evidence of Samuels and Pyper in the Accounting Historians' Journal (1985). Their case that St. Louis was a "national" rather than an international event is founded on the quite limited participation from Britain or Canada. Silent support must be gained also from a listing of the countries never invited to participate. But in what follows astonishing consequences are seen in the particular and quite unnecessary failures to invite Germans or French academic accountant who were active at the Exposition itself! Mention may be made now of problems in tracing possible participants in 1904 using European archives. Thus the Librarian of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales searched professional records in vain to locate the Commissaire at the French pavilion (Bywater). More surprisingly, Mrs. M. Hertzberger-van Aalst at the Royal NIVRA Library, Amsterdam could retrieve only one document on van Dien (referenced here as "NIVRA"). Other sources are available however for his roles at St. Louis, Amsterdam and New York If St. Louis was a "nationalist" rather than a truly international gathering, then some disfavour of British CAs by their American collaborators for at least the following dozen years will be noted More clearly one must see how non-"Anglo-Saxon" accounting was ignored early in the 19 Century (even though Italian origins were praised), Elucidating but compressing facts, extended consequences might be suggested from studies of other congresses. Yet the ethoses there variously shown should not be interpreted only in the nationalisms or professional jealousies of ensuing decades. This nationalism and mere professionalism will now be complemented by evidence on the idealism and internationalism of the global expositions of those years. Some 330 diverse groups met during the St. Louis Exposition.(Vangermeersch,2003) The attractor for most visitors must have been the pavilions and the displays, each with a particular message and all together informing integrationist and trans-national ideals. At the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1900 an international association for the advancement of Science, Arts and Education had been established by the Scot Geddes and the Belgian Otlet. They found there "an intellectual feast and a moral substitute for war", and hoped to do similar work at Glasgow in 1901 and St. Louis, 1903 (Mairet,p.107). We shall record Governor Francis' eloquent invitation to the accountants to look round and wider. But otherwise the record shows that the participants at St Louis remained unaware of the programmes, the persons and displays which were pertinent for their own profession! And a preference for prose, immediate purposes and personal exposure has characterised accountants' gatherings since. A hint of different possibilities, however, may be derived from the Journees organised in symbiosis with the Great Brussels Exposition. There despite the Cold War met accountants from East and West, to be challenged by Ernst Stevellinck to a most detailed and authoritative agenda for accounting historians. Future generations thus attend now on our study of a century, but they will note reliance as sources on both hard and soft evidence (rich ragbag?) where the latter supports opportunities forgone or conclusions painful to our pride and prejudice! A Century to be Celebrated Long-lived Institutions deserve study by the historian and celebration perhaps with expectation and (Continued on page 14) 2 Accounting Historians Notebook, Vol. 27 [2004], No. 2, Art. 6 https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aah_notebook/vol27/iss2/6 The Accounting Historians Notebook, October 2004 14 caution. The precise anniversaries of memorable and originating events may be anticipated; and celebrations may be planned by those who conserve traditions. An elapse of time-spans deserves respect, however, After a hundred years, much of the original turmoil and contest may have faded. Rosy pictures may be preferred, at least temporarily, of final and intervening developments and of their inauguration. The original participants will be long dead, and new, direct evidence is unlikely to emerge. One must expect also that over such a long period, changes in expectation and in historical method itself will have occurred, for instance in appreciations of the political and social environments for the actors and at the event celebrated. More particularly, celebrants of the origins of institutions or of a profession will surely be influenced by the breadth or narrowness of their training and interests. Indeed by our present study and for the present occasion with or without the discovery of new documents or comparable material some obdurate loyalties and accepted perspectives may be challenged and change. Such methodological generalities introduce here our sections which treat of the history and location of the Exposition; the learning and intellectual possibilities from the pavilions and displays (especially that by Britain); the importance of professional and academic congresses held during this "Fair"; the triumph of pragmatism; the contrast of international and nationalist professional goals. The final question is "What and when were the hereafters to St. Louis, 1904? St. Louis and the French The Accountants' Congress was biased predominantly towards the Anglo-American professionalism of that time. They met at St. Louis but gave apparently no attention to the king of France, from 1226 to 1270, who had earned renown at home and canonisation from his leadership of two crusades. The financing of these crusades was entrusted to Italians, aided by the meticulous banking of the Templars throughout Europe (Picquet, passim; Forrester,1999.p.152). From at least that Century, French bankers and Notary recorders were accorded a proper status (Forrester, 1999, p.36) French expansion across the Atlantic in the 17 Century encircled New England. In the North, St. Lawrence was colonised, while settlement up the Mississippi was called Louisiana after Louis XIV. A Northerly settlement was named after Saint Louis. All the Middle-west colonies were sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. Prosperity through the older and new united states grew during the following Century to the point where an international exposition was planned. Precedents at Chicago and in Paris were very much in mind; but when American accountants chose St. Louis for their congress, they ignored the Europeans. French accountants like others in the Continent had their guild rights and privileges abolished at the Revolution. Thereafter practitioners and professors took the lead in organising provincial, national or indeed international concertation. Founded one year after the English Institute, a Societe academique de Comptabilite achieved respect, amending its title to Societe Francais de Comptabilite without any change of preconcern with education and qualifications. Noteworthy is that in 1905, members of the SFC voted to retain their "liberal" status rather t


This paper studies design objects in two tourist outlets in Reykjavik from the perspective of material culture studies and anthropology. The two cases are put into context with public discourse on Icelandic design in general, with a particular emphasis on the genre of product design. It discusses the rather recent development of Icelandic design as a cultural commodity, while looking at it as a cultural agent of identity formation. The paper highlights the relationship between product design and souvenir objects and points to issues of the past that seem to prevail, both public discourse and the production of Icelandic contemporary design.


A mimicking network for a k terminal network N is one whose realizable external ows are the same as those of N Let S k denote the minimum size of a mimicking network for a k terminal network We prove the following results the values in brackets are the previously best known results S S For bounded treewidth networks we show S k O k k and for outerplanar networks we show S k k k k


We read with interest the article entitled "Fat Grafting for Thermal Injury: Current State and Future Directions"1 We would like to congratulate Dr. Ranganathan and colleagues for their publication, reviewing current body of literature in fat grafting related to thermal injury. In their work, authors consider that all studies analyzed, however, are limited in size and scope and fail to report a significant amount of objective data. We would like to add our experience after 7 years of autologous fat grafting2,3 described in our recently published article.4 We enrolled 694 consecutive patients with retractile and painful scars, 376 of those were burn scar. We evaluated scar improvement after autologous fat graft procedure and we adopted a combined study protocol based on patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) questionnaire5 and Durometer analysis.6 POSAS parameters were studied using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and a P value of less than .005, considered as statistically significant, was found for all POSAS parameters between preoperative and postoperative values. Itching was the only parameter showing any statistical reduction. Thinking that it was necessary to use an objective analysis as Ranganathan and colleagues suggest, in 20 patients we virtually divided each scar into two parts, one was treated using autologous fat graft (study group) and the second one was infiltrated with saline solution (control group). To analyze clinical outcomes we used the Durometer (REXGAUGE type 00; RexGauge Durometer, BuffaloGrove, IL), an instrument able to measure tissue hardness. This instrument has already been used in some clinical trial as a scar objective evaluation tool.6 At 3 months postoperative follow-up, skin hardness measured showed a statistically significant reduction (P < .05) between preoperative and postoperative values in study group, while no significant reduction was observed in control group. In conclusion, we consider that our experience proves autologous fat grafting properties in reducing skin hardness measured with Durometer associating an objective evidence to clinical one, and we believe that our recent article can be considered in a systematic review about state-of-the-art of fat grafting in burn population.


The nonlinear coherent interaction of a high‐frequency acoustic wave pulse with a magnetically ordered medium is studied theoretically. We consider both microscopic and phenomenological theories of the formation of nonlinear magneto‐acoustic waves in a ferromagnet. A self‐consistent determination of the dispersion law for nonlinear magneto‐acoustic waves in a ferromagnet is carried out. It is shown that in both of these theories nonlinear excitations arise which can be of the form of a periodic nonlinear wave, a soliton, or a kink. The nature of the change of polarization of transverse linearly polarized magneto‐acoustic waves is also investigated.


Understanding the distribution of biochemical pathways across microorganisms is critical to understanding these organism's evolution, ecology, and industrial applicability. Advances in genome sequencing and pathway databases have made genomically predicting what pathways an organism possesses a common technique. Researchers are moving on to scaling such analyses towards comparing the presence and absence of pathways across multiple microbes from the same environment or lineage. However, performing such analyses at scale is currently bottlenecked by the sheer number of pathways per organism and the lack of powerful tools to facilitate such comparisons. This thesis presents a new set of tools, called Micromeda, that will assist users in making comparative genomic analyses. Micromeda consists of three core components. These components are Micromeda-Client, which generates interactive heat maps that allow users to perform visual pathway comparisons; Micromeda-Server, which provides data to Micromeda-Client; and Pygenprop, which allows users to perform programmatic comparisons of multiple organism pathways. Micromeda uses the Genome Properties database as its pathway information source. This database is unique from other pathway databases because it maps directly between protein domains and pathway steps. The domains that the database uses are those from the InterPro consortium of protein databases. With Micromeda, the process of discovering an organism's pathways begins with the domain annotation of an organism's proteins by InterProScan. Afterwards, Pygenprop is used to combine these annotations with information from the Genome Properties database to predict biochemical pathways. This prediction of pathways from domain data results in the creation of a Micromeda file. This novel file type carries both the pathway annotations for multiple organisms and the sequences of proteins that support these annotations. In the context of the Genome Properties database, such pathways are referred to as genome properties, and pathway annotations are referred to as property assignments. The newly created Micromeda file can later be uploaded to Micromeda-Client and Server for heat map-based visualization. Pygenprop uses object orient programming techniques to represent the Genome Properties database as a series of in-memory objects. These objects are used extensively within Pygenprop's property assignment process and Micromeda as a whole. Pygenprop is written in Python. The library's tight integration with the Python data science ecosystem, which results in it being compatible with many emerging data science and machine learning tools, lays the foundation for the library becoming the backbone of a new generation of automated pathway analysis tools.


Recently, the construction industry is increasingly internationalized. Especially in the Northeast Asian region, there are opportunities in which companies from various countries collaborate in projects more and more. And a lot of problems are caused by the differences between Western project management and local project management. The aim of this study is, as a part of international comparative study on project management, to clarify the characteristics of the supervision system in South Korea and Japan. In this study, construction management system including related regulations is analyzed. And the differences between construction supervision in Japan and that in South Korea are made clear. Keyword: supervision, supervisor, construction law, Korea, Japan


Employing a very recent local minimum theorem for differentiable functionals, we prove the existence of at least one non-trivial periodic solution for a class of damped vibration problems.


The new geographical arrangements taking place in our country require a timely also because of deepening settlements. Characterizing particulate dislocation, now widely disseminated, the image of the city. Also in Calabria we are witnessing a transition town and country that invites us to reflect on the new paradigm of urban planning and urban development plans and programs, no longer contained in municipal boundaries but open to new territorial dimensions. We're moving from an established pattern of municipal "autonomy", especially small ones, to a share of basic services that, in some cases, led to the amalgamation of several municipalities. The PS "Corigliano quality and Mediterranean port city" represents an action of self governance for the resolution of functional distributions in the territory, for the revitalization of naturalistic and cultural areas.


A 59-year-old female with rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection with colostomy. Two days after operation, ischemic change of colon was suspected. 99mTcpyrophosphate scintigraphy demonstrated an area of increased radioactivity at the left lower abdomen and colon necrosis was diagnosed. At operation, left hemicolectomy was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of necrosis of descending colon.


Hugh LaFollette has proposed that in order to prevent statistically expected harm that many parents inflict on their children prospective parents should be licensed. This article evaluates this proposal by looking at various facts, statistical data and probability estimates related to sex differences in human mating and parenting behaviour provided by evolutionary psychology. It is suggested that these evolutionary considerations create a serious stalemate between certain basic moral principles to which LaFollette subscribes, thus rendering the entire proposal morally impracticable. It is also argued along similar lines that parental licensing would endanger some of the most personal and intimate human relationships that, in LaFollette's view, are essential for developing one's capacity for impartial morality.


Alaska Native cultures are based ori subsistence fishing, hunting and gathering, which also remain important sources of food supply. The 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) extinguished all aboriginal rights to territory, hunting and fishing, creating Native corporations to own Native land in fee simple, instead of reservations with land in trust with the U.S. government (Indian country). ANCSA led to the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), which protects subsistence activities on federal land. Alaska followed ANILCA's subsistence guidelines on state land, until the preference was found unconstitutional in 1989. Subsistence and sovereignty today are linked to a network of interacting institutions such as tribal governments. Native corporations, ANCSA, ANILCA and court decisions. The thesis examines these and argues that institutional changes must occur for Alaska Natives to be sovereign and protect subsistence resources and culture. Suggestions include restoring Indian country to Alaska, resource co-management, and amending ANILCA.


ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal (GI) stromal tumors are mesenchymal tumors that may arise in any portion of the GI tract. Their clinical presentation and complications may vary but do not often present with fistulization. This case is of clinical interest because of the rarity of GI stromal tumor intestinal fistulas.


Purpose – The purpose of this column is to review several recent library partnerships and highlight the benefit of such endeavors for the libraries and their partner institutions. Design/methodology/approach – This is a literature review and commentary on this topic that has been addressed by professionals, researchers and practitioners. Findings – Visibility and access to the library in some unexpected locations, thanks to a number of creative partnerships, can serve as greater a function to the library as to its partner and the community. The vitality of the library can be at least partially sustained by its partnerships and can serve as a model for other public/private and public/public associations where both sides of the partnership benefit in the estimation of the public. Originality/value – The value in addressing this issue is to examine the creative public/private and public/public partnerships of which libraries can avail themselves in an effort to best serve their patrons.


Using measurements which are regularly collected on Reed Acrocephalus scirpaceus and Marsh Warblers Acrocephalus palustris, a new method was tested which appears to give better separation than the currently available biometric techniques. The length of the notch on the inner web of the second primary is multiplied by the number of the primary whose tip it falls adjacent to (numbering ascendently) to calculate the 'notch factor'. This factor successfully separated (on biometrics alone) 1,574 out of 1,577 birds trapped in the spring migration through Kuwait. Reed Warblers trapped represented individuals from both the scirpaceus and fuscus races.


We make an attempt to develop a novel approach to describing the initial stage of the active mode-locking in semiconductor laser structures based on analyzing the properties of dispersion relations in terms of stability for small initial perturbations. Nonlinear process of shaping optical pulses is interpreted as manifesting instability of diffusion type. For the purposes of experimental investigations, the auto-manual opto-electronic measuring system detecting average time parameters inherent in ultra-short optical pulse trains has been designed. This system is able to register auto-correlation functions of the second order exploiting the interferometric technique as well as to identify a pulsed character of the incoming light radiation. Experimental confirmations of appearing the diffusive instability within the active mode-locking process in semiconductor laser structures operating in the near infrared range are presented.


Broadband communication services are expected in all mobile environments. A satellite communication system is only way to provide access in many cases. Because the frequency bandwidth allocated to mobile satellite services (MSS) is insufficient, use of the frequency band for fixed satellite services (FSS) is considered. In this case, mobile antennas must have the same pointing accuracy as fixed earth stations. The constraints placed on the pointing error and other antenna attributes have been discussed in ITU-R. The provisional required pointing accuracy is 0.2 degrees. This level of accuracy is usually achieved only with expensive gyro systems and monopulse antennas. This paper describes a cost-effective antenna system that uses practical sensors and a step-track-like tracking technique. The key points described in this paper are the stable platform configuration, H-infinity digital controller, and dithering antenna pointing technique. Simulation results show that this antenna system meets the ITU-R requirements.


The invention relates to a generation facility management system using natural energy, and an object of the invention is to promote introduction of a generation facility by giving a consideration for generated and consumed power. The generation facility management system is characterized in including a generation facility using natural energy and a management server for managing power information on the generation facility, wherein the generation facility includes: an energy obtaining section for obtaining natural energy; a power generating section for generating power from the obtained natural energy; an information control section for creating generated power information on the power generated by the power generating section; and a communication section for transmitting the power information to the management server, and the management server includes an information management section for determining a consideration for the power information transmitted from the generation facility by using predetermined consideration information.


Ukraine and some foreign countries on liability for leaving in danger, a comparative legal analysis was carried out with the norm establishing criminal liability for leaving in danger under the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The issues of criminal liability for leaving in danger in the legislation of some foreign countries, namely in the Criminal Codes of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Poland, the Kingdom of Spain, the Czech Republic, have been studied. It is proposed to conditionally divide the criminal codes of these states into three groups. The first group consists of codes containing articles on leaving in danger, similar to Art. 135 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; the second – codes that have retained the structure of the formal composition to which separate compositions are not added according to qualifying signs; third – criminal codes, which differ significantly from our domestic legislation in terms of regulating criminal liability for leaving in danger. It has been determined that in foreign criminal legislation providing for responsibility for leaving in danger, there are different approaches to the objective and subjective, qualifying features of the relevant elements of criminal offenses. In particular, some of them regulate the criminal liability for leaving in danger with additional qualifying features that give the norm a completely different character, taking into account the consequences (material compositions). When comparing the foreign legislation of the countries of the former union and some European countries, it was found that the fixed provisions on criminal liability for leaving in danger are more correct in terms of further application.


UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)-Mediated Attenuations of Cytochrome P450 3A4 Activity: UGT Isoform-Dependent Mechanism of Suppression UGT-mediated attenuation of CYP3A4 activity ABSTRACT Background and Purpose Cytochrome P450 (CYP, P450) 3A4 is involved in the metabolism of 50% of drugs, and its catalytic activity in vivo is not explained only by hepatic expression levels. We previously demonstrated that UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7 suppressed CYP3A4 activity through an interaction. In the present study, we target UGT1A9 as another candidate modulator of CYP3A4. Experimental Approach We prepared coexpressed enzymes using the baculovirus-insect cell expression system, and compared CYP3A4 activity in the presence and absence of UGT1A9. Wistar rats were treated with dexamethasone and liver microsomes were used to elucidate the role of CYP3A-UGT1A interactions. CNX, calnexin; CPR, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase; CYP and P450, cytochrome P450; DDI, drug-drug interactions; HLM, human liver microsomes; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced form; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; UGT, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase Bullet point metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) substrate-binding. primary antibodies


Jorge Semprún's obsession with memory is fed by a triple experience of exile: emigration from Spain, imprisonment in Buchenwald and expulsion from the Communist Party. While the notion of exile can be found at the core of his writing, it constitutes a complex construction that changes over time. Through the examination of three very different texts this article traces the meanings that exile acquires in Semprún's writing. Portrayed in partly negative terms in Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez, as the Spanish Communist Party leadership is ignorant of the true political situation within Spain due to its being outside, in Adiós, luz de veranos… it comes to figure as an internalized virtue enabling the writer to pursue his vocation. In La escritura o la vida the focus on the concentration camp underlines the traumatic qualities of exile and the difficulty of creating a listener who can relate to the experience of extreme alienation.


Contents: Introduction: political economy, public policy and New Labour. Part 1 Political Economy: Political economy: economic regimes, political regimes and political economy in Britain The state, post-Fordism and health services. Part 2 Public Policy: Public policy and the state Illustrating public policy: how New Labour has made health policy Implementation: power, political structure, health policy and the 'new regulation'. Part 3 The NHS: Re-making the NHS Choice and markets The state of New Labour's healthcare state Conclusion: the New Labour state Index.


Electricity retailers have difficulties to differentiate themselves from each other, dueto increased competition and political regulations. The electric energy tradingmarket is facing a paradigm sh ...


For over a century, colleges and universities have been the subjects of numerous attempts to provide a ranking system for use by the general public. These rankings have examined a variety of indicators in an attempt to determine quality. Everything from the accomplishments of graduates in the workforce, their success on entering graduate schools, and the reputation of institutions among their peers, have all been examined at one time or another in an attempt to measure quality. Public demand for a ranking system is evidenced by the millions of dollars spent each year on rankings. Publishers are eager to provide a product to fill the demand. Since 1983, US News and World Reports has been the dominant producer of college rankings. How are colleges responding to the rankings? The purpose of this study is to determine how college presidents perceive the rankings and how their institutions use their rank. The specific research questions for this study are: 1. How are institutions in the study marketing, publicizing and using their rankings by USNWR and is there any significant variance in how institutions use the rankings or respond to the rankings when examined by institutional ranking by USNWR? 2. What policy changes and decisions have been made in an attempt to improve an institution's ranking? 3. Are there differences in the perceived validity of the rankings by presidents at southern comprehensive colleges and universities when examined by_ the institution's ranking by USNWR, public vs. private status, or


The present invention relates to a semiconductor light source device and a manufacturing method for the production of a high-speed optical signal using the beat from the dual wavelength laser. A light source device according to the present invention is a 3dB optical splitter is integrated in the laser diode fabrication Parrot with Clive de surface. One type of the 3dB optical splitter is provided with a first waveguide grating with a first refractive index changing means that can change the wavelength of the bra first waveguide grating. Then, the other branch of the 3dB optical splitter, the second waveguide 2 is provided with a diffraction grating and the second refractive index changing means that can change the wavelength bra of the second waveguide grating. The first and the can 2 with a refractive index changing means varying the bra detuning of the wavelengths of the two waveguide diffraction grating continuously, it is possible to obtain a high-speed optical signal by the beat between the two wavelengths.


Under EEPRA, energy-intensive businesses would pay higher net taxes while energy-efficient businesses would pay lower net taxes. While this is an intended outcome of the tax shift, businesses in Minnesota are concerned that the tax shift could impose a competitive burden on certain sectors. This report evaluates that issue by analyzing the impact of EEPRA on Minnesota's most energy-intensive business sectors and estimating the potential for those sectors to offset any increased tax burden through costeffective efficiency improvements.


In this experiment, an R-script was developed to select the best performing machine learning (ML) predictive classification algorithm for IBS subtype, and compare the performance of two datasets from the same clinical cohort: 1) The Complete Blood Count (CBC) results, and 2) A 250 gene Nanostring expression panel run on RNA from the Buffy Coat fraction. This publicly available data was compiled from open-source repositories and previously published supplementary data. Column labels were reformatted according to tidy-data standards. NA values in the data were imputed based on the mean value of the data column. Subject groups included Control (ie. healthy), IBS-D (diarrhea predominant), and IBS-C (constipation predominant) subtypes. These groups had unequal numbers in the original study, and so random re-sampling was used to make the group numbers equal for downstream linear regression-based analyses. The data was randomly split into training and validation subsets, and 5 classification algorithms were tested. Random Forest was clearly the best performing algorithm for both CBC and gene expression panel data, generally with >95% predictive accuracy, without additional tuning. The 250-gene RNA expression panel performed somewhat better than the CBC profile under a Random Forest model, however the CBC profiles had only 13 predictor variables vs. the 250 of the RNA expression panel. Some artifacts may result from the duplication of IBS-D and IBS-C rows from to the group-size balancing method, and so larger and more comprehensive datasets will be obtained for a follow-up analysis. The R-script and reformatted data are published as supplementary material here, and as a component of the AnalyzeBloodworkv1.2 GitHub repository.


The purposes of this study are; first, to confirm whether or not auditors from small-medium audit firm can be as independent as auditors from big firm; second, to explore factors affecting auditor independence; and the third, to discover efforts conducted by auditors  from small-medium audit firm to maintain their independence. Data collection conducted by in-depth interviews with thirteen partners from seven small-medium audit firms in Bandung and Jakarta. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman Model which includes data reduction, data displayed and verification drawing. The study found that eight of thirteen interviewees did not agree with the proposition stating that auditors from small-medium size are harder to be independent compared those who are from big firm. The study also found that independence is affected by external and internal factors. Close relationship, major client, providing non audit services and workplace can be classified as external factors. Whereas internal factors include integrity and religious values are believed can affect auditor independence. Some efforts taken by auditors to maintain independence were also discovered in this study. Sanctions, continues professional education, professionalism and religious values of auditors were recognized as factors that could enhance auditor independence. Keywords: Auditor independence, Small-medium audit firm


One of the most important tasks in practical agricultural activity is the identification of agricultural crops, both those growing in individual fields at the moment and those that grew in these fields earlier. To reduce the complexity of the identification process in recent years, data from remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing), including the values of vegetation indices calculated during the growing season, have been used. At the same time, processing optical satellite images and obtaining reliable index values is often difficult, which is due to cloud cover during the shooting. To solve this problem, the article suggests using the seasonal course curve of the radar vegetation index with double polarization (DpRVI) as the main indicator characterizing agricultural crops. In the period 2017-2020, 48 radar images of the Khabarovsk Municipal District of the Khabarovsk Territory from the Sentinel-1 satellite were received and processed to identify crops in the experimental fields of the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture (FEARI) (resolution 22 m, shooting interval - 12 days). Soybeans and oats were the main identified crops. Pixels of fields not occupied by these crops (forage grasses, abandoned fields) were also added. The series of values of DpRVI were obtained both for individual pixels and fields, and approximated series for three classes. The approximation was carried out using the Gaussian function, the double logistic function, the square and cubic polynomials. It is established that the optimal approximation algorithm is the use of a double logistic function (the average error was 4.6%). On average, the approximation error of the vegetation index for soybeans did not exceed 5%, for perennial grasses – 8.5%, and for oats - 11%. For experimental fields with a total area of 303 hectares with a known crop rotation, the classification was carried out by the weighted method of k nearest neighbors (the training sample was formed according to the data of 2017-2019, the test sample -2020). As a result, 90% of the fields were correctly identified, and the overall pixel classification accuracy was 73%, which made it possible to identify the discrepancy between the actual boundaries of the fields declared to identify abandoned and swampy areas. Thus, it is established that the DpRVI index can be used to identify agricultural crops in the south of the Far East and serve as the basis for the automatic classification of arable land.


Superconducting alkali metal fullerides can be synthesized in less than 60 s reaction time using a microwave-induced argon plasma; the rapid synthesis of K3C60 is described.


This article addresses some aspects of the "Man Question" in feminism, by way of the analysis ofmen's diverse gender-conscious positionings in relation to gender, gender equality and feminism. Itbu ...


About one-fifth of the federal budget is allocated to the US Department of Defence; thus, improvements in military decision-making can potentially slash billions from the federal budget while simultaneously improving operational efficiency in a wide variety of military functions. We provide a comprehensive review of published military applications of AHP that demonstrate actual and potential benefits of using AHP-based methodologies to analyse problems within a military domain. We also offer resulting insights on implementation, research trends, integrated methodologies as well as conjectures regarding current use of AHP by practitioners in military applications.


The crystal structure of billietite, Ba [(UO2)6 O4 (OH)6] (H2O)8, orthorhombic, space group Pbn21, a 12.0941(8), b 30.211(2), c 7.1563(5) A, V 2614.7(4) A 3 , Z = 4, has been refi ned to an R1 index of 3.4% for 4918 unique observed (|Fo| > 4F) refl ections measured with MoK X-radiation and a diffractometer fi tted with a CCD detector. The structure consists of anionic [(UO2)6 O4 (OH)6] 2– sheets, linked by interstitial Ba atoms and (H2O) groups. There are two crystallographically distinct structural sheets and eight interlayer (H2O) groups in billietite. Four (H2O) groups are bonded to the interlayer Ba atoms, and the remaining four (H2O) groups are not bonded to a cation, but are held in the structure by a network of hydrogen bonds.


without a viewmg indicator were alternately conducted to make them understand the re!ation between the visual display and the somatic feedback. First, the trainings of 15 times were conducted during two months (this session was named as the first session), and next, the trainings of 10 times were conducted during a month after the vacation (this ession was named as the second session). In the second session, trainings for correcting the intonation were also conducted for a few minutes. ' TRAINING EFFECT


Introduction: Characteristics of light-curing units (LCU), including irradiation uniformity and adequate light intensity, emission spectrum, exposure duration, correct light-curing technique, and regular monitoring of the LCU, are important factors in the success of composite resin restorations. In addition, infection control methods for LCUs have drawn great attention in recent years to control infection.Search Strategy: An electronic search was carried out in PubMed and Science Direct databases from 1985 to 2016 using these key words: Light-curing unit, dental restoration failures, composite resin restorations, and dental restoration repair.Conclusion: This article tries to draw attention to the importance of LCUs and discusses the relevant issues. Additionally, the consequences of delivering too little or too much light energy, the concerns over leakage from undercured resins, and the ocular hazards are discussed. Practical recommendations are provided to help clinicians improve their use of the LCU so that their patients can receive safe and potentially longer lasting resin restorations.Keyword: Composite resin restorations, Dentistry, Light-curing unit.


Abstract : This report describes the field test of a methodology for measuring the job performance of Air Force enlisted personnel, using supervisor ratings of task performance times as estimates of Productive Capacity (PC). An individual airman's PC on a particular task was defined as the ratio of the fastest possible performance on the task divided by the supervisor estimate. Overall PC for an airman could be obtained by averaging PC values for several tasks. Procedures and instruments to collect supervisor estimates were developed for four enlisted occupational specialties. During the field test, approximately 320 supervisors provided time estimates on 35 to 50 tasks for about 680 first and second-term airmen in the four specialties. To support follow-on analyses of the validity of the supervisor ratings, observed performance times on selected tasks were collected for a subsample of airmen. Data were also obtained to examine relationships between PC and job knowledge, interest, and motivation. The report concludes with a commentary on logistical and practical considerations tor collecting airman PC. Recommendations are given for research necessary to evaluate the utility of PC for establishing an empirical link between job performance and enlistment standards.


My 13 summers camping in the American wilderness sparked an intensive exploration of the world's wild places, and the sense of wellbeing I received from my reconnection to nature was profound. I began to paint the scenes of regenerative power and beauty that so restored me and to create visual meditations designed to strike the deepest chord of human/nature within us all. Then, during my own illness some years ago, I experienced firsthand the need for healing art. Sitting terrified in examination rooms and reception areas waiting for results of a biopsy, I found nothing to focus on that could soothe my anxiety nor shepherd me to a place of solace. I was surrounded by meaningless pictures chosen to match the catalog furniture and product posters from pharmaceutical companies. Rekindled was my idea to share the healing harmony inherent in my painted meaningfull subjects: reflections in water, the strength of an oak weathering a harsh season, the nonresistant repose of winter. To offer nature for nurture! To...


Introduction: Patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may benefit from a short time-to-treatment (TTT). Predictive biomarker testing is performed prior to treatment, as recommended by various international expert consensus bodies. Genetic testing is more time-intensive than immunohistochemistry (IHC) and commonly contributes to prolonged TTT. For epidermal growth factor receptor-positive patients (EGFR+), further genetic testing may not be required due to the mutual exclusivity of actionable mutations. Methods: The trial cohort (N = 238) received both BC Cancer NGS panel (Oncopanel) and Idylla EGFR testing. Data were also collected for a control cohort (N = 220) that received Oncopanel testing. For each patient, the time that the lab received the sample, the time taken to report the NGS and Idylla tests, the time of first treatment, and the final treatment regimen were recorded. Results: A concordance frequency of 98.7% (232/235) was observed between the Idylla and NGS panel. The lab turnaround time (TAT) was faster for the Idylla test by an average of 12.4 days (N = 235, p < 0.01). Overall, the average TTT in the trial cohort (N = 114) was 10.1 days faster (p < 0.05) than the control (N = 114), leading to a 25% reduction in TTT. For patients treated based on EGFR positivity, the mean TTT was 16.8 days faster (p < 0.05) in the trial cohort (N = 33) than the control cohort (N = 28), leading to a 48% reduction in TTT. Conclusion: Using the Idylla EGFR test as part of the molecular testing repertoire in advanced-stage NSCLC patients could significantly reduce TTT.


A number of smectitic samples from Almeria (SE Spain) were studied by chemical analysis, DTA, TG, XRD (oriented aggregates with ethylene glycol treatment and Greene-Kelly test), FTIR and MAS NMR. Chemically they resembled a beidellite-montmorillonite series, displaying DTA/TG characteristics already quoted in the literature in beidellite descriptions. They did not swell after the Greene-Kelly test, as it has also been reported for some beidellites. Nevertheless XRD of the oriented, glycolated samples, FTIR, MAS NMR and revision of the chemical analysis demonstrated that they were mixed-layered kaolinite/montmorillonite. It is possible that some of the reported beidellites in the literature are kaolinite/montmorillonite. Beidellite characterization must be supported by several different techniques.


Background Complications during pregnancy and childbirth are the leading causes of maternal and child deaths and disabilities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Timely and frequent antenatal care prevents these burdens by promoting existing disease treatments, vaccination, iron supplementation, and HIV counseling and testing during pregnancy. Many factors could contribute to optimal ANC utilization remaining below targets in countries with high maternal mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of optimal ANC utilization by using nationally representative surveys of countries with high maternal mortality. Methods Secondary data analysis was done using recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data of 27 countries with high maternal mortality. The multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify significantly associated factors. Variables were extracted from the individual record (IR) files of from each of the 27 countries. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value of ≤0.05 in the multivariable model were used to declare significant factors associated with optimal ANC utilization. Result The pooled prevalence of optimal ANC utilization in countries with high maternal mortality was 55.66% (95% CI: 47.48–63.85). Several determinants at the individual and community level were significantly associated with optimal ANC utilization. Mothers aged 25–34 years, mothers aged 35–49 years, mothers who had formal education, working mothers, women who are married, had media access, households of middle-wealth quintile, richest household, history of pregnancy termination, female household head, and high community education were positively associated with optimal ANC visits in countries with high maternal mortality, whereas being rural residents, unwanted pregnancy, having birth order 2–5, and birth order >5 were negatively associated. Conclusion and recommendations Optimal ANC utilization in countries with high maternal mortality was relatively low. Both individual-level factors and community-level factors were significantly associated with ANC utilization. Policymakers, stakeholders, and health professionals should give special attention and intervene by targeting rural residents, uneducated mothers, economically poor women, and other significant factors this study revealed.


A systematic study on flowering characters of promising flowering tree species in Tarai condition was carried out in and around Pantnagar, Udhamsinghnagar, Uttaranchal to find out the flowering period for effective landscape designing in the region. A total of eighteen common flowering trees were studied year round for their duration of flowering, peak flowering month and flower colour. Among the flowering trees Cassia siamia was found to flower for longest period (74 days) followed by Delonix regia (66 days). The tree Grevillea robusta flowered only for 26 days. However, most of the trees were in peak flowering condition between March to June. A few trees were observed in peak flowering condition in the months of February and October. In the other months of the year, none of the trees were found in their much flowering effect The trees Delonix regia and Cassia nodosa contributed mass effect in peak flowering condition in the landscape for maximum period of 40 and 38 days respectively. The common flower colour ranged between red, yellow and white.


Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that constitute a metabolic compartment separated from the general cytoplasm by a double layered membrane. The outer membrane serves to regulate access of proteins and metabolites to the mitochondrial compartment, and the convoluted inner mitochondrial membrane is the site of several multicomponent enzyme systems. These include the respiratory chain complexes, which generate the vital ATP through a series of oxidation reactions. Other enzyme systems present within the mitochondria include those of the Krebs cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), those involved in part of the urea cycle, and many of the enzymes required for the oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids.

One benefit conferred by the separation of this metabolic compartment from the rest of the cell may be the protection of other cell systems, including nuclear DNA, from oxidative damage by hydroxyl radicals generated during oxidative phosphorylation. This may account for the much greater mutation rate within the mitochondrial genome than in the cell nucleus, leading to either point mutations or rearrangements such as large deletions. The protection from these conferred on the cell by mitochondria may explain not only their evolutionary origin as endosymbionts but also their persistence as discrete organelles within eukaryotes.

In higher organisms, many of the genes encoding enzymatic proteins have become incorporated into the nuclear genome, but a minimal …


FIELD: food-producing industry; chemical industry; atomic power industry; oil-refining industry; other industries; methods of separation of the liquids for fractions by density. SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the method of separation of the liquids for fractions with the different densities under action of the centrifugal force and may be used in food processing industry, chemical industry, oil-refining industry and other industries, and also for production of the heavy water. The installation for separation of the liquids contains the rotor mounted in the body on the driving shaft set in the fixed bearing supports. The tip sections of the shaft have the axial grooves, and the shaft fixed bearing supports have the holes used for feeding and drain of the liquid. The front butt wall of the rotor has the system of passages for feeding of the source liquid divided into the fractions in the cavity of the rotor, and also the passages for withdrawal from the rotor of the light fraction. The passages are connected with the axial groove in the front butt section of the shaft. In the rear butt wall there is the system of the passages, which includes accordingly the passages for withdrawal from the rotor of the heavy fraction and the middle fraction. The invention allows to increase efficiency of the installation, to ensure the qualitative and the thinner division of the source liquid into three fractions for one passage, reduces the time required for separation of the liquid into the more number of the fractions in comparison with known designs; it also allows at separation of the water into three fractions by their densities (heavy, mean and light fractions) effectively separate the heavy water and carefully withdraw it from the installation, excluding the possibility of its commixing with other components. EFFECT: the invention ensures the increase efficiency of the installation, the qualitative and the thinner division of the source liquid into three fractions for one passage, the reduced time necessary for separation of the liquid into the more number of fractions in comparison with known designs, effectively separate the heavy water at separation of the water into three fractions, carefully withdraw it from the installation excluding the possibility of its commixing with other components. 21 cl, 16 dwg


Insufficient stand establishment of winter wheat is a major problem in the rainfed region of the Uttarakhand hills. In order to increase germination and early establishment in the field under rainfed condition of hilly tracts this study was conducted at college of forestry VCSG University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The ten treatments were laid out in randomized block design with three replications in field. The treatments were VL 892 primed for 12 hrs with normal water, VL 892 primed for 24 hrs with normal water, VL 892 primed for 12 hrs with lemon water, VL 892 primed for 24 hrs with lemon water, VL 829 primed for 12 hrs with normal water, VL 829 primed for 24 hrs with normal water, VL 829 primed for 12 hrs with lemon water, VL 829 primed for 24 hrs with lemon water, VL 892 with no priming, and VL 829 with no priming. Significantly higher grain Yield of wheat was recorded in VL 829 primed with normal water for 24 hours which was statistically on par with VL 829 primed for 12 hrs with normal water, VL 892 primed for 24 hrs with normal water and VL 892 primed for 12 hrs with normal water. Significantly higher grain yield was recorded in case of priming with normal water than the priming with lime water.


The movement of the vehicle in a curve related to the construction of the road is expressed through the influence of the radius of the curve and the transversal inclination of the road. Two of these quantities are fixed quantities ever since the projection and then construction phase of the road. During the vehicle's movement in the curve, their influence is shown through the critical slide velocity. This critical velocity is defined from the influence of the centrifugal force. For smaller values under critical velocity, this influence is expressed through the safety of the movement or the comfort of the driver and passengers in the vehicle. The gained values of the critical velocity are displayed in the table of values of the influential parameters.


Changes in climatic conditions increase risks associated with crop production in certain regions. Early detection of these changes enables the implementation of suitable adaptation measures in the local area, thereby stabilising agricultural production. Our analysis shows a significant shift in climatic conditions in Czechia between 1961 and 2020. We examined the changes in observed temperature conditions, precipitation distribution, drought occurrences, and frost incidents at a high resolution (0.5 × 0.5 km). The outputs show a significant increase in air temperatures and drought occurrence. Temperature totals above 5 °C in 1991–2020 were 15% higher than in 1961–1990. Furthermore, the relative change in totals above 10 °C was 26% after 1991. Over the last 30 years, drought incidence was four times more frequent than in 1961–1990, particularly in spring. In contrast, no significant changes in the distribution of precipitation occurred, and there was a slight decrease in the probability of frost during the growing season. Ongoing climate change brings warmer and drier conditions to higher-altitude regions in Czechia. Assessing climatic conditions on a global scale is less precise for relatively small and topographically diverse countries like Czechia due to coarse resolution. Therefore, a high-resolution analysis is more appropriate for these countries.


The Truckee River heads in the Sierra Nevada at Lake Tahoe, and terminates in Pyramid Lake. During the 1969 water year, flow about 9 miles upstream from the mouth (974,000 acre-ft) was almost four times the long-term average, due mainly to heavy winter rains and spring snowmelt. A short period of low-altitude rainfall produced the highest concentrations of suspended sediment, whereas a much longer subsequent period of snowmelt yielded a much greater total quantity of material. The upper 90 percent of the basin yielded about 260 acre-feet (630,000 tons) of sediment at the Nixon gage, whereas an estimated 2,800 acre-feet (6.8 million tons) was contributed by erosion of about 200 acres of river bank below the gage. Solute content at the gage ranged from 80 to 450 mg/l, dominated by calcium, sodium, and bicarbonate, plus silica in the most dilute snowmelt and chloride in the most concentrated low flows. Solute load totaled about 130,000 tons, of which the principal constituents in Pyramid Lake-sodium plus equivalent bicarbonate and chloride-amounted to almost 40,000 tons. The total solute load during a year of average flow may be 45,000-55,000 tons, including 18,000-22,000 tons of principal lake constituents.


PURPOSE
To report the first successful medical treatment of ophthalmomyiasis interna posterior without associated surgical treatment.

METHOD
Interventional case report. The patient is an 11-year-old boy with panuveitis and neuroretinitis associated with a pathognomonic presentation of ophthalmomyiasis interna posterior in which the larva could not be identified. The patient received medical treatment with a single oral dose of ivermectin of 200 mg/kg followed by systemic steroid therapy without associated surgical extraction of the larva via pars plana vitrectomy or laser photocoagulation.

RESULTS
Anterior and posterior uveitis resolution, reversal of neuroretinitis, and visual acuity improvement.

CONCLUSION
Medical treatment with ivermectin can be considered as primary therapeutic modality in ophthalmomyiasis interna posterior.


Cases of HIV / AIDS in Indonesia are increasing rapidly, free behavior and lifestyles have made this case go fast. This is possible because of the lack of access to information obtained by adolescents relating to HIV-AIDS. The results showed knowledge of HIV and AIDS in adolescents with less categories are still quite large, which is 48.9 percent.The aim of community service is to Increase the knowledge of adolescents about HIV / AIDS in SMA The working area of the Sukawati I Gianyar Health Center, with the education method through small group discussions. (70.7%) and 29.3% level of knowledge is good and after being educated the level of knowledge of adolescents mostly becomes good (90%). The analysis showed that there were differences from 75 teenagers who had better knowledge than before, and there were differences in scores between pre-test and post-test with a value (z) of -7,588a. Wilcoxon test results of knowledge of adolescents found a significant value (p) of 0,000 can be concluded that education on HIV AIDS prevention is effective through small group discussions on adolescents . Keywords: Education, HIV / AIDS, Small Group Discussion


tween the results of the two versions is not a strong one. This finding contradicts the results of other positive correlation studies for the GDS-4. Limitations of our study were the small number of cases and the considerable number of unavailable or incomplete questionnaires (54 out of 242 5 22.3%). Nevertheless, use of the GDS is initiated in the Diakonissen-Krankenhaus without first considering cognitive status, so erroneous self-assessments are possible in conjunction with cognitive deficits, although a study has shown the GDS-15 and a 5-item GDS version to be acceptably sensitive and specific for cases of mild to moderate dementia. In summary, the GDS-4 seems to be an inadequate replacement for the GDS-15 during screening for depressive symptoms, at least in the patient group examined here.


The history of higher education in the United States has been fraught with continual change. This change includes the development of institutions, the proliferation of curricular models, and the provision of myriad forms of access. From the founding of Harvard College in 1636 to the development of virtual universities in the late 1990s, the academy has been significantly engaged by the perennial demand to accommodate differing student populations. In fact, much of the research on and about higher education focuses on the issue of providing meaningful educational opportunity to student constituencies. The purpose of this special issue of the Peabody Journal of Education is to fill a void in the literature regarding equity and access in postsecondary education. To date, very little new scholarly work has been proffered despite the proliferation of policy activity in the areas of equity and access. Given the changing face of American higher education, the time is ripe to reassess the policies, institutions, and issues that promote and delimit equity and access for students. This special issue is divided into two sections—The Dynamics of Institutional Access (Section 1) and Emerging Issues in Educational Equity PEABODY JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, 76(1), 1–4 Copyright © 2001, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


Background: Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis and is known to appear long before the formation of structural atherosclerosis changes. Flow mediated dilation (FMD) is known to depend on ability of the endothelium to release NO in response to shear stress and can be used reliably as an estimate of endothelial function in various disease states. Methodology: Endothelial function was assessed non-invasively by high resolution Duplex Doppler Ultrasound of Brachial Artery in 50 cases of Type 2 diabetes with or without microvascular or macrovascular complication and 20 controls who were healthy subjects. FMD was calculated as percentage increase in brachial artery diameter in response to increase in brachial artery flow. Results: Endothelial dysfunction was seen in 10 (20%) diabetics, where as none of t h e control had endothelial dysfunction. The mean age for diabetic who had endothelial dysfunction was (61.2±13.40) in male and (±58.2±9.52) in female and the mean duration was (8.6±6.67) in male and in female was (7.90± 6.73). The mean FMD value at < 5years was 0.28± 4.0%, at 5-10 years was 2.12±1.34% and >10 years was 3.50±1.61% Mean FMD was significantly decreased in diabetics (8.38 ± 12.3) compared to healthy subjects (17.1 ± 10.5; p value <0.007). Conclusion: Endothelial function as assessed by FMD is significantly impaired in diabetics compared to healthy subjects. The prevalence of endothelial dysfunction did not increase with duration of diabetes.


Determining the most appropriate means of producing a given product, i.e., which manufacturing and assembly tasks need to be performed in which order and how, is termed process planning. In process planning, abstract manufacturing tasks in a process recipe are matched to available manufacturing resources, e.g., CNC machines and robots, to give an executable process plan. A process plan controller then delegates each operation in the plan to specific manufacturing resources. In this paper we present an approach to the automated computation of process plans and process plan controllers. We extend previous work to support both nondeterministic (i.e., partially controllable) resources, and to allow operations to be performed in parallel on the same part. We show how implicit fairness assumptions can be captured in this setting, and how this impacts the definition of process plans.


The research leading to the publication of The Music of Lombok was done from the third to the tenth of October 1972. The authors, who, except for Tilman Seebass, are instructors of Balinese music at the Konservatori Karambitan Indonesia in Den Pasar, Bali, modestly warn us not to have great expectation for the book. Its title, The Music of Lombok, reminds us of such books with similar titles as Music in Java, Music in Bali. 1 Unlike the latter, however, The Music of Lombok is a survey rather than an in depth study. It deals with twelve instrumental ensembles and four genres of vocal music in fifty two pages. The coverage of each genre is uneven. Wayang Sasak, for example, is discussed in four and a half pages, but the section on Children's Songs covers only five lines. Included in the former are such data as time and place of the audio recording made in conjunction with this book, the recording equipment used, instrumentation, chart of placement of instruments, tuning system, the sources of stories, the names of the musical compositions, the names of the musicians, the dhalang (narrator-puppeteer) and his assistants, and their age. On the other hand, the latter only includes the time and date of the recording and two sentences of comment. With so much information cramped on so few pages the book resembles a rather extensive recording liner notes or well organized, if somewhat incomplete, field notes. To enable the reader to make maximum use of the book, he would need to review the recording for which this book seems to be written. In addition, as frequent reference to Balinese music is made, a good background knowledge of this tradition would be very helpful. The latter may be acquired by reading Colin Mcf'hee's voluminous work, Music in Bali. At this time information regarding the musical traditions of Indonesia outside the island of Bali and Java is difficult to obtain. Viewed in this light the publication of a survey of the music of Lombok is a positive contribution to the field of ethnomusicology. It provides us with a glimpse of the rich, unexplored musical activities in this small island east of Bali. For ethnomusicologists the book suggests at least sixteen possible thesis topics.


The 304 AA photoelectron spectrum of Xe has been obtained with high resolution (50 meV or better). In addition to 5p-5s main lines, 8 satellites having intensities of 2-32% have been observed and compared with X-ray data in the binding-energy region of 23.5-28.3 eV. A straightforward assignment with the optically known levels of Xe II was not possible. Various configurations-mixing mechanisms are discussed and attention is drawn to the possibility of misassignments in the optical levels of Xe II.


Vanadium oxide thin films have been deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The results showed that the sputtering voltage has a special change behavior in Ar condition and Ar/O2 mixed conditions. With O2 gas flow input instantaneously, the sputtering voltage climbs quickly, and then tends to be stable shortly. Also, the sputtering voltage evolution appears a hysteretic loop characteristics with O2 gas supplied increasing and decreasing. The sputtering voltage behavior observed is related to the ion induced secondary electron emission (ISEE) coefficient of the target material. The ISEE coefficient of the oxidized vanadium on target surface is lower than the ISEE coefficient of the pure vanadium metal, which is not in agreement with the generally accepted idea that the ISEE coefficient of oxides is much larger than for metals.


The guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) has been identified as a poultry species suitable for augmenting meat production (Mandal et al., 1999). The guinea fowl are more tolerant to poor management conditions (Agwunobi and Ekpenyong, 1990), resistant to common poultry diseases (Singh and Panda, 1984), and tolerate aflatoxins better (Johari et al., 1988) than broilers. Guineas also provide meat with higher protein, more essential amino acids, lower fat, and lower cholesterol contents than broilers (Cappa and Casati, 1978; Ayorinde et al., 1988; Singh and Raheja, 1990). Thus, guinea meat could be an excellent and healthy alternative for consumers.


In this paper a visual approach for the query interface on the spatial/temporal data is described, which is designed for the users who know nothing about query languages. Based on concept of elementary query and query operators, a complex spatial/temporal query could be built as a compound query which is broken down into several interactive iterations. In each of iterations, users just need to build a simple elementary query and select a query operator, which greatly reduces the mental load of users. To make query building more efficient, a novel approach based on the query pattern retrieving and matching is explained and used in the interface. An experimental prototype has been implemented to demonstrate the usability of the interface.


ABSTRACT The Sand Farming is one of novel biooxidation processes suitable for sulphide oxidation of low-grade refractory gold ores. It has been previously proven to be feasible and more efficient compared to other conventional sulphide oxidation processes. In this study, the Sand Farming was compared with conventional tank biooxidation to investigate biooxidation behaviors on ores with different mineralogy and compare the ultimate gold recovery. Ore samples were tested for Sand Farming biooxidation. Conventional tank biooxidation was also compared as the baseline. After each biooxidation was completed, cyanidation was conducted for gold extraction. The Sand Farming achieved the gold recovery of 75% from high grade with higher sulphur content sample (Sample A) and 68% from low grade with lower sulphur content sample (Sample B), slightly lower than tank biooxidation of 83% and 85%, respectively. Sand Farming can be an alternative to several sulphide oxidation processes with better overall economics.


We propose an energy-based control method of a passive haptic device equipped with electric brakes. Unstable behavior is observed in the passive haptic system due to time delay mainly arising from the slow update rate of the virtual environment. From the passive FME (force manipulability ellipsoid) analysis, a so-called direct force control method is proposed in this paper. Its gain is computed by force analysis at the end-effector of a passive haptic device so that the component of a resultant force at the end-effector causing a pullback motion becomes zero. However, this direct force control scheme requires precise measurement of the hand force input by a human operator. We also propose the indirect force control scheme in which the gain in the direct force control scheme is computed using the notion of passivity without resorting to the high precision force sensor. For the experiments a 2-link passive haptic system was developed in this research. Various experiments have been conducted to investigate the validity of both direct and indirect force control schemes proposed in this paper. It is shown that both schemes produce satisfactory performance in the force display for the wall-following task on the virtual wall.


This paper reports on an investigation into the relationship between the internal representation of a process on the one hand and on the other, control behaviour when diagnosing and correcting faults. The subjects were 87 process operator trainees, performing certain tasks in a simulated process control situation. Two modes of internal representation are distinguished: a more verbal or abstract mode of the functioning of the process (the mental model) and a more visual or concrete mode of the structure of the process (the mental image). It is concluded that the mental model probably plays an important role in fault correction and in the verification process in diagnosing faults, while the mental image seems to play an important role in the search for information in the process of diagnosis. Some implications for operator training are discussed.


SummaryIn a study of patients attending a family planning clinic, aspects of the conjugal sexual relationship were examined. Some wives perceived the relationship as one in which they and their husband were equally likely to initiate sexual discussion and to decide when to have intercourse, and received equal pleasure from sex; empathy and communication were features of the relationship and sexual needs were balanced. Others saw their husbands as dominating sexual discussion, to be the initiators of intercourse and to obtain the greatest pleasure from coitus; their husbands appeared to lack empathy, did not like to talk about menstruation and were seen as having greater sexual needs than the wife. The former type of balanced sexual relationship exhibiting mutuality was associated with good attendance at the family planning clinic whilst the isolated behaviour perceived in a husband-orientated sexual relationship was associated with poor attendance


Background Previous studies observe associations between lifetime parity and cardiovascular disease, but relatively fewer investigate age at first childbirth (AFB). Herein, we examine the association of AFB with a summary cardiovascular risk measure (Framingham Risk Score [FRS]). Methods and Results As part of the IMIAS (International Mobility in Aging Study), data were collected in 2012 among 1047 women, aged 65 to 74 years, from Canada, Albania, Colombia, and Brazil. FRSs were calculated to describe cardiovascular risk profiles, and linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for early life and socioeconomic variables. Women with an AFB of <20 years were compared with women with an AFB of 20 to 24, 25 to 29, and ≥30 years, as well as nulliparous women. We also compared FRS between combinations of AFB and parity categories: nulliparous women, parity 1 to 3 combined with AFB <20 years, parity ≥4 with AFB <20 years, parity 1 to 3 with AFB ≥20 years, and parity ≥4 with AFB ≥20 years. Women with an AFB of <20 years had a higher mean FRS compared with all other AFB groups. Compared with the lowest AFB risk group (25–29 years), women with an AFB of <20 years had a 5.8‐point higher mean FRS (95% confidence interval, 3.4–8.3 points). Nulliparous women presented the lowest mean FRS in all analyses. The analysis comparing combinations of AFB and parity categories showed no meaningful differences in FRS between women who had 1 to 3 childbirths and those who had ≥4 childbirths within the stratum of AFB <20 years, and in the stratum of AFB ≥20 years. Conclusions Our analyses suggest that nulliparity and AFB, rather than increasing parity, drive the association with cardiovascular disease risk.


A youthful face has the general appearance of highrounded fullness, while the ageing process is characterised by a look of depletion and sagging, leading to a tired look. The current understanding of the ageing process remains largely empirical, given that it is based on the effectiveness of treatments designed to satisfy the requirements of patients for a younger appearance.1 Lifting turns an aged face into a more youthful one.


In this article, reduced surface field (RESURF) AlGaN channel high‐electron‐mobility transistors (HEMTs) are proposed and investigated through 2D simulation for the first time. p+ doping is designed to form the RESURF structure, and the impact of the p+ doping density and length on breakdown characteristics is investigated. The breakdown voltage (BV) can be improved from 819 V for a conventional HEMT to 1746 V for a RESURF HEMT with a p+ doping density of 5 × 1018 cm−3 and length of 4 μm. Although the specific on‐resistance (RON) increases from 1.45 to 2.16 mΩ cm2, the power figure of merit (FOM) increases from 2.49 × 108 to 8.28 × 108 V2 Ω−1 cm−2 by utilizing a RESURF structure. By increasing the Al component of the RESURF AlGaN channel HEMT, the BV can be improved from 1746 to 2199 V. However, the RON also increases from 3.68 to 8.04 mΩ cm2, which leads to a decreasing of the power FOM. Simulation and analysis suggest that RESURF AlGaN channel HEMTs have great potential in power electronic applications.


As an important media of digital marketing, the research of online video advertisement is of great value. The video patch advertisement is one of the most important parts of online video advertisement. Based on a digital marketing background, the paper began with a literature review, two case analyses are presented in the second step, the advertising effect of online video patch advertisement strategy are concluded finally. Research results will provide related theoretical implications and useful suggestions for advertising practitioners.


Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the role of two aphid species (Aphis craccivora Koch and Myzus persicae Sultzer ) and two temperature degrees on certain biological aspects of the green lacewing aphid Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). In order to evaluate its potential as biological control agent, some biological parameters and its consumption capacity were studied on the two aphid preys under laboratory conditions. The biological parameters were the same when the predator fed on M. persicae and A. craccivora. There are no significant differences were observed in the biological parameters when C. Carnea was fed on the two tested aphid preys. The average aphid consumption of C. carnea larvae to complete its development was 537.23, 570.08 of A. craccivora while it was 507.73 and 519.42 of M. Persicae at 25 and 30 oC, respectively. Therefore, the larvae of C. carnea can be regarded as a biological control agent for controlling aphid species.


Generally,intrusion behavior is regarded as a two-class problem in the research on intrusion detection,which includes normal and abnormal.It needs a training set of pure data which is labeled as normal and abnormal.But in practice,it is hard to find this data set,and traditional intrusion detection approaches can not detect some new intrusion behaviors which have not been labeled before.However,OCSVM-based intrusion detection approaches do not need any labeled data set,and attempt to find anomaly buried in the data.


Abstract Circle and sphere properties are extended to the tractrix and pseudosphere, the catenary and catenoid, and to higher-dimensional analogs.