Ethereum crashed from $319 to 10c on GDAX after 'multimillion dollar' trade - <AUTHOR> http://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/22/ethereum-price-crash-10-cents-gdax-exchange-after-multimillion-dollar-trade.html <comment><USER2> It takes two to tango.

A lot of people lost a lof money because they got margin called at ~$2 for a commodity that is worth ~$300.

[https://twitter.com/elnygren/status/877660177406865408](https://twitter.com/elnygren/status/877660177406865408)

On the other hand, a lot of people made a lot money since there are buy orders that wen through at less than 1% of the real price.

<comment><USER3> Wait, so basically I could create a buy order for $2, leave it sitting there, and wait until there is another crash [1]? If there is no crash, then nothing happens. For good measure, do it for every currency on the exchange.

Is there any risk or downside to this? Seems like buying a lottery ticket for free.

\----

[1] ... or someboy fat-fingers an order - although I think in that case I think still the higher bidders would win, wouldn't they?

<comment><USER4> The downside is that when you put in a limit buy the exchange puts your money into escrow until the order is cancelled or filled. Since a crash like that is unlikely to happen (first time on that exchange I believe) it just means you have money tied up when it could be put to better use

<comment><USER5> "unlikely"

Complexity fattens the tail. Ethereum must be one of the most complex things out there.

It's been live for 1 year on GDAX and then it went for a 3000x round trip. What does that tell you about odds?

<comment><USER6> It tells me that its a terrible investment decision and that I am better off at the blackjack table. At least casinos are regulated.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> _exactly_ the same thing happened to me with Litecoin on GDAX.

They sold off my entire holdings for $0.01 - $0 after fees. At the time LTC was trading for something like $25/LTC.

It took about 3 weeks to get anything but an automated response from their support team.

This was the response:

"After further review, this sell was due to a margin call of your margin position on the LTC/BTC order book. A series of large sell orders were placed on the LTC/BTC order book on May 21, 2017 around 1am UTC causing a large price decline which triggered a margin call of your position when your maintenance margin ratio was exceeded.

The trading engine and margin call functioned as designed. The large price decline was due to the relatively low liquidity on the order book at that time."

They eventually refunded the coins.... but a couple of days later removed half of the refund with no explanation. I'm out of pocket by about $1200. I'm still waiting for a response from them on that one.

<comment><USER8> > They sold off my entire holdings for $0.01 - $0 after fees.

Why did you have such an order? I can understand a stop loss order at some small percentage of the original purchase price, because you still get something, but one that says "if this currency suddenly becomes worthless, give it away for $0.01" doesn't make any sense.

<comment><USER9> Sounds like a stop order without the limit.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_(exchange)#Stop_order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_\(exchange\)#Stop_order)

>When the stop price is reached, a stop order becomes a market order.

Market value was extremely low due to low liquidity.

This is a risk with stop orders that many investors aren't familiar with.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> I wish they would all crash and stay crashed so GPU prices will come down again ;-)

<comment><USER11> Now most miners are using ASIC instead of GPU.

<comment><USER12> Which ASICs are for Ethereum? A quick search says GPUs are still popular?

<comment><USER13> There are no ASICs for Ethereum. It's currently impossible to get latest gen GPUs from any retailer, or for anything close to retail price on eBay, because there's a mad rush to get into Ether mining.

<comment><USER6> My recollection of how Bitcoin turned out indicates that most of those people will not make money. That, in fact, the simple rules of how markets work mean that most _cannot_ make money, on several counts:

* Those with resources will have an edge, and will buy an optimal number of GPUs to get return before the price is driven down

* Anyone without resources will not be able to mine quickly enough to get a return before the price is driven down

* If the market were still lucrative, the GPU makers would not be selling all of their stock, which means it is a near certainty that either the GPU makers or someone with connections has already snapped up a healthy share

* Worse, the more lucrative it is, the more quickly ASIC makers will release ASICs which make those GPU investments all but worthless for mining.

All of this means that anyone contemplating whether they should get into mining already has their answer: "no".

<comment><USER13> > All of this means that anyone contemplating whether they should get into > mining already has their answer: "no".

That certainly seems to be the consensus on the mining forums I'm following. /r/EtherMining is now inundated with people who lack the very basic skills needed to assemble a computer and run mining software, but are attracted to the prospect of free money. Many of those people also lack the ability to do basic arithmetic and the sense to realize that the only way they will turn a profit is if the USD value of ETH rises sharply -- and that _if_ that happens they'd be better off in any case just buying ETH now instead of blowing $2000 - 3000 on equipment.

<comment><USER14> Curious. Is it at the point where the money earned is less than the cost of electricity, like bitcoin approached?

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Remember this incident the next time someone on HN kvetches about how much money HFTs make "just" for providing liquidity.

</comment><comment><USER16> Margin trading is inherently risky and even more so in the cryptocurrency market.

Remember the whale that hunted shorts _and_ longs hours before the ETF rejection? If you do margin trading, you will get rekt sooner or later in this space.

There's the interesting technical side to cryptocurrencies but most people underestimate the entertainment factor.

</comment><comment><USER17> How to turn 2.0003 million dollars into 3:

1- Have 1 million dollars in ETH

2- Place a buy order at a very low price

3- Place a sell order for the 1 million dollars in ETH you own

4- Have a partner fill that sell order

5- Watch the price topple down and your order from 2 get filled

<comment><USER18> That's not how exchanges typically work you don't get to choose who fills your order the exchange does.

But you can manipulate the markets in a similar way without a collaborator. It's called running the stops and is an old technique.

<comment><USER17> >That's not how exchanges typically work

They do if you work inside one. Just saying that people have done way more for way less money.

<comment><USER18> You can accuse the exchange of corruption that's a well worn technique!

Or it could be that this is immergent behavior that exists in all modern exchanges and it hit a population that wasn't prepared for it because of lack of sophistication.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> The buy price did. Sell price stayed mostly unaffected.

<comment><USER20> Would that imply nothing was exchanged at 10 cents?

<comment><USER17> [https://stocktwits.com/jdemasie/message/86641301](https://stocktwits.com/jdemasie/message/86641301)

Edit: fuck that, check this out! 7200 ETH at 0.1 USD!! [https://api.gdax.com/products/eth- usd/trades?after=6326580&l...](https://api.gdax.com/products/eth- usd/trades?after=6326580&limit=1)

<comment><USER20> So the current "value" is around $300, but something fishy is going on, and the exchange is trading at $.10?

This does not build confidence.

<comment><USER21> Somebody placed a huge sell-order which crashed the price. This caused stop- loss and margin calls to be triggered, adding a huge amount of market order sells, which crashed the price to effectively zero (more sell orders than buy orders on the exchange).

Some lucky people (or the people who orchestrated the crash) snuck in some super low buy orders that got matched.

The price had recovered within a few minutes (once all the margin calls had executed). It just goes to show the risk of trading on margin

<comment><USER22> It seems likely that this was sharks taking advantage of some naive speculators. It wasn't even a lot of money for the finance world, and I bet they will made a tidy profit selling off all of that Ethereum they just bought.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER23> Don't place market orders, you will get screwed sooner or later.

<comment><USER24> Even market orders on highly liquid, perfectly well-understood things like forex can bite you in the ass; see all the levered people who got wiped out when Switzerland dropped their peg to the Euro. Stop orders on cryptocurrency are just pure idiocy.

<comment><USER25> I'm not following why stop orders on Crypto are idiocy?

<comment><USER26> GP probably means stop -> market orders. When the stop price is reached, the order converts to market.

Various brokers and exchanges offer more types of stop orders, such as stop -> limit, where you set a limit price, and your order becomes a limit order after the stop price is reached.

Of course crypto exchanges take forever to implement new order types, and I'm not sure any of them have stop -> limit.

Also, stop orders don't work in general in a slipping market because liquidity vanishes from the book.

<comment><USER27> Don't know about the other ones, but the biggest exchange for alts, poloniex, has stop-limit.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER28> Meh. Flash crashes happen with big namebrand stocks too. The nice thing about flash crashes due to dumping is that they are self-punishing: whoever was dumb enough to dump that much ETH in a few seconds cost themselves a _ton_ of money. A fool and his money are soon parted.

<comment><USER29> It was actually a cascade - the market sell brought it down to 224, but then there was a crush of margin calls and market stop loss orders, which triggered all the way down to 10 cents. Wish I was there to scoop some!

<comment><USER30> Yep, someone who bought ETH during the pre-sale cashed out ([https://etherscan.io/address/0x7d551397f79a2988b064afd0efebe...](https://etherscan.io/address/0x7d551397f79a2988b064afd0efebee802c7721bc)) which then triggered the cascade.

<comment><USER31> Please stop spreading this misinformation. If you look at the transaction, the only thing that happened was using the safe split contract which essentially gives the owner equivalent ETC.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER32> Someone needs to teach them the concept of accumulation & distribution phases of trading!

</comment><comment><USER33> So is there something like a limit order on ethereum? I'd like to place a $1 limit order & see if I catch anything.

<comment><USER34> Sure, most experienced people use limit orders. However, an event like this will likely not happen again for a few years, since people are adjusting their behavior now.

<comment><USER35> How can someone adjust to such behavior, apart of stopping to trade it.

<comment><USER36> The people who make stupid orders now have no money, whereas the people who don't kept their. Thus the market changes behaviour.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER37> Oh, wait, Ethereum is not a reliable financial resource? Now that's a surprise.

</comment><comment><USER38> In the normal stock market, this is an action called Taking out the Stops. Market makers can know where stops are placed so they may sell some to get it to hit those prices and have stops automatically trigger

</comment><comment><USER39> I want nothing more than for Ethereum market to crash and then the people who bought 10+ cards have to sell them and lose money. Then people will be able to get the card for a reasonable price.

</comment><comment><USER40> "CNBC has been unable to verify the screenshot posted by DeMasie."

It just shows CNBC is not ready for the crypto world. The whole point is the trade info public and distributed.

There was a trade for 3809 as the screenshot shows but also other larger trades. At $.10, there was $2,592.33 in trades now worth ~$7.8M.

Here are the trades in question:

{"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326580,"price":"0.10000000","size":"134.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326579,"price":"0.10000000","size":"7203.30515953","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326578,"price":"0.10000000","size":"801.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326577,"price":"0.10000000","size":"5060.32727547","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326576,"price":"0.10000000","size":"2.87731448","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326575,"price":"0.10000000","size":"3809.73327491","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326574,"price":"0.10000000","size":"2534.39163532","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326573,"price":"0.10000000","size":"50.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326572,"price":"0.10000000","size":"74.77560000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326571,"price":"0.10000000","size":"50.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326570,"price":"0.12000000","size":"220.00047159","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326569,"price":"0.12000000","size":"779.99952841","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326568,"price":"0.12000000","size":"50.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326567,"price":"0.15000000","size":"295.00000000","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326566,"price":"0.15000000","size":"790.93796645","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326565,"price":"0.15000000","size":"1728.30611742","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326564,"price":"0.15000000","size":"480.75591613","side":"buy"} > {"time":"2017-06-21T19:30:18.05Z","trade_id":6326563,"price":"0.20000000","size":"0.20000000","side":"buy"}

<comment><USER19> The trades happen inside GDAX's own market (instead of Ethereum network transactions,) so they don't necessarily need to be public.

<comment><USER40> As posted, the trade data was available, I got it yesterday after this occurred.

<comment><USER19> I know, but they don't necessarily need to be public.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER41> this is only "possible" because etherium has even less real value than btc.

btc still have intrinsic value as it is traded for chinese expating money, scared Venezuelans, American weekend drug users, etc.

etherium exists for the sole purpose of playing investing with btc. everyone I know who owns etherium bought after they decided to buy btc and got a price hike on their investment so they flip btc and etherium instead of btc and usd. because they see it as two things that ever goes up. ha.

this is the most perfect scenario for a pump and dump. intentional or not.

<comment><USER21> ethereum has 70% of the market cap of bitcoin.

it's worth more than bitcoin was worth ~3 months ago

<comment><USER42> market cap is worthless when we talk about fiat currency.

<comment><USER21> but ethereum/bitcoin aren't fiat currencies?

market cap is useful in that it shows the total value of the coin. Comparing the price of 1BTC to 1ETH doesn't make sense, but comparing their market cap does

<comment><USER42> Well they have no intrinsic value like gold. And the code could be considered a legal framework that acts as a contract for how BTC/ETC are valued.

<comment><USER43> Well gold also has little intrinsic value. Of course, it has uses like in the manufacture of technology, but most gold is used for making useless shit into shiny useless shit. Crypto has uses, too though. Such as facilitating payments, DLT, etc.

All value is assigned. So, what then, besides traditional consensus, makes gold 'intrinsically valuable' without also making cryptocurrencies intrinsically valuable?</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Hackers Are Using CCTV Cameras to Create Botnet Swarms - <AUTHOR> http://motherboard.vice.com/read/hackers-are-using-cctv-cameras-to-create-botnet-swarms <comment><USER2> [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10441742](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10441742)

</comment><comment><AUTHOR> There was a good talk at BlackHat 2013 regarding how vulnerable CCTV cameras are. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8DjTcANBx0](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8DjTcANBx0)</comment>


Regex 101 - <AUTHOR> https://regex101.com/ <comment><USER2> Other Regex resources I like include:

[http://regexone.com/](http://regexone.com/)

[http://www.rexegg.com/](http://www.rexegg.com/)

[http://eloquentjavascript.net/09_regexp.html](http://eloquentjavascript.net/09_regexp.html)

[http://www.cheatography.com/davechild/cheat- sheets/regular-e...](http://www.cheatography.com/davechild/cheat- sheets/regular-expressions/)

[http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/06/essential-guide- to-r...](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/06/essential-guide-to-regular- expressions-tools-tutorials-and-resources/)

[http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/05/introduction-to- adva...](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/05/introduction-to-advanced- regular-expression
)

<comment><USER3> This one is great too: [http://regexr.com/](http://regexr.com/)

<comment><USER4> This is my go to when trying to figure out why a regex isn't working how it should.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> It's all fun and games until you find out that the meaning of a regex is implementation specific. I've found that a Python regex will accept an unspecified newline byte/character before the $, while std::regex in GNU C++11 will not.

<comment><USER6> This is very true and it always bugs me when some application or API supports regex, but the documentation doesn't specify the grammar, usually saying it's "standard regular expressions" \- which standard? Posix? PCRE? Something else? Almost every flavour has some subtle differences and it's really, really important to know what you are dealing with.

I do feel like these subtle differences are the main cause of bugs in programs containing regexes; compounded by the fact they aren't super-readable, especially for people who don't use them frequently.

Tools like this are IMO really valuable for code reviews and it's nice to see that this one does have a flavour switch on the LHS with some of the main implementations.

<comment><USER7> I also can never remember which characters are magic and which are literal in different implementations. This is mostly Vim's fault, where the rules are impossible to remember and often conflict with other implementations. Given that it's the most common regex thing I use day-to-day, it's very annoying.

<comment><USER8> Yeah, I agree, vim's default regex syntax is infuriatingly inconsistent. I pretty much always start my REs with "/\v"[0], to the point it's in my muscle memory: I'll find myself looking at that in the cmdline before I've even drafted the pattern in my head. (Then sometimes I'll realise I just want to find an exact string full of symbols, and have to back up and capitalize the "v".)

... I should probably come up with some mappings so the \v is inserted automatically.

[0] [http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/pattern.html#/\v](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/pattern.html#/\\v)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> For those that don't regex. I originally learned regex just so I could do complex find/replace in Notepad++ (I work with large data sets) I can't begin to say how many hours of work its saved me over the years, and how much money for that matter.

The best / easiest way that I've taught regex is to pop open a text editor and start searching for stuff. Start by searching for some letters, then a string with spaces, then a line break. From there I point people towards stuff like Apache config file conditionals / URL re-writes etc.

<comment><USER10> Best sources about regexps?

I thought I knew regexps, then I read "Mastering regular expressions". After that I was embarrassed. :-)

<comment><USER9> hmmm not sure, I'd also like a good resource because mine is not really the "mastering" type resource

<comment><USER11> Mastering Regular Expressions really is the seminal text, but I highly suggest reading the O'Reilly Sed/awk book as well. They include full history behind the evolution of the original line editor ed -> sed & g/re/p (etymologically derived from g[lobally-replace]/re[gex]/p[rint]) -> awk. The original vi also derived a lot of it's commands from 'ex' (the underlying editor, based on the original ed).

All history aside, 1: Sed&awk 2: Mastering Regexp 3: The vim book has a great chapter on regular expressions (it's been ~10 years since I've touched it, but I remember being gifted a copy from a colleague of my father when I was in my teens and it helped me grok it)

The glibc programming manual is actually really comprehensive. kernel.org/docs/man-pages/ gives a pretty in depth analysis of POSIX.2 regex. I'm sure Perldocs also have PCRE's very well documented.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> Complement with [https://www.debuggex.com](https://www.debuggex.com) to also get an interactive finite automata (this can really help with understanding what's going on)

</comment><comment><USER13> Many hours spent here, trying to create the ultimate email regex, while telling my PMs and managers that there was no such thing.

<comment><USER14> Been there, done that. There's only one way to check email addresses: /.+@.+/

Anything else is going to give you a false negative sooner or later. Yeah, you can spend hours framing a complicated expression that carefully tests for exactly what the current bucket of RFCs specify, but you're guaranteed to run into an MTA somewhere that disagrees with you, and you can argue until the cows come home that you're right and they're wrong, but it's still you that's going to have to change to accommodate them in the end.

<comment><USER15> I would think you'd use: /.+@.+\\..+/

<comment><USER16> nope. root@localhost is a valid mail address.

<comment><USER15> How often are you validating email addresses for localhost!? Those are pretty much never a valid email for >>>99% of applications

<comment><USER17> That's the whole point of the original post: don't bother thinking about it, let the mta do that for you. The "@" is a courtesy to make sure people didn't mistakenly put their name in. Don't validate, just do a sanity check.

<comment><USER13> And people are just as likely to type an valid but incorrect email address as a invalid email address.

<comment><USER18> That's why you also implement an email verification method if you actually care that it's a correct email as well as valid.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> I love resources like this, and use them quite frequently when I need to write anything with moderate complexity. If you're using Python and writing long RegExs, I really recommend using a multi-line approach with re.VERBOSE to provide helpful comments to your future-self/co-workers.

</comment><comment><USER20> This is really slick. I've used it a few times just to get my capture groups tested right, where pattern matching is needed over parsing. The fact it color codes the Python named capture groups is just awesome: make a regex to match the stuff you need, then slam it into another string via % and you've just converted one string into another. There's tons of ways to do that, but when your patterns are fast and loose, it makes the intent a bit easier to show. (I also tend to use regex with comments, so they tend to be a bit more literate and long... well, at least not _all_ line noise.)

</comment><comment><USER21> This is really, really good. We work on regex ourselves (github.com/01org/hyperscan) and I will definitely point people towards this when they are trying to figure regex out.

The only regret I have is that many of the interesting regexes we see in the course of our work are not something which we can type into someone else's web site. Fortunately there are others who have looked at the idea of making an off-line version:

[https://github.com/firasdib/Regex101/issues/76](https://github.com/firasdib/Regex101/issues/76)

<comment><USER22> DevDocs.io handles this really well

</comment></comment><comment><USER23> I have used this website a lot in the past, it has greatly helped me debugging complex expressions, I would love to see an electron port in the future.

</comment><comment><USER24> It would be nice to add a little 1-click test button to this that can look at some of my sample string and auto-fuzz the pattern and see if some unexpected results come up.

Regex is weird anyway but it's often a surprise just some weird string that's close to what you thought you wanted comes up.

</comment><comment><USER25> Did anyone notice that the site is built using React? The UI is so interactive.

</comment><comment><USER26> I recently upped my Regex-fu significantly this year, and Regex101 is the main reason why. Also giving a presentation in the office on Regular Expressions helped too :).

</comment><comment><USER27> I often teach people how to use regex w/in the context of my job and find this tool invaluable because it allows for PCRE in addition to the more common JS regex flavour.

</comment><comment><USER28> best way to test a regex is to use sublime search, and you'll see all matching strings inside the open text file interactively highlighted

<comment><USER29> Weirdly enough I was actually playing around with this today instead of completing an even more boring jira task :) ..what a life

</comment></comment><comment><USER30> This is just the coolest way to test your regex is a great sandbox with lots of feedback to help you get it right.

</comment><comment><USER16> Donated once, will do more; the site saved the day too many times not to.</comment>


What's Happening with Me - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/@biz/whats-happening-with-me-73e0192c54e8 <comment><USER2> Is it me or is this post almost completely content free?

He's going to be working at Twitter. Ok check, that's news.

Doing... what exactly?

<comment><USER3> You don't get it, because he did a cool thing a decade ago, this is worth us talking about.

Someone please wake me up when Kevin Rose decides to take a dump and someone else writes about it.

<comment><USER4> He has done more than just one cool thing: "Biz Stone: How I Faked My Way Into Google" [https://www.wired.com/2013/04/fakeit/](https://www.wired.com/2013/04/fakeit/)

<comment><USER2> He certainly has a knack for talking about himself in positive terms. I suppose that's a marketable skill.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> People keep doubting Twitter's lifespan, but...

> Twitter has woven itself into the fabric of our global society.

Regardless of how long it actually has to live, I can't really argue with that.

<comment><USER6> And yet, it has almost no actual impact on the real world.

<comment><USER7> The virtual world _is_ the real world.

Much of human activity is moving out of the physical world and into the virtual world today, in the same way that it moved out of nature and into buildings thousands of years ago (but much faster this time).

<comment><USER8> The analogy doesn't really work -- the physical buildings still exist in nature. Many physical buildings try to incorporate natural elements.

<comment><USER9> The virtual world exists in nature, made from natural elements - where else would it be?

The whole notion of a virtual / reality divide is a farce

<comment><USER8> > The whole notion of a virtual / reality divide is a farce

It clearly isn't when so many think otherwise. Otherwise, you wouldn't need to call it "virtual reality", you could just simply call it "reality"

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> I decided to read this article while anticipating that it was nothing but narcissistic fluff. I was not disappointed. This post's only redeeming quality is that it is short.

<comment><USER11> It's amazingly forward about it though.

</comment></comment><comment><USER3> I'd be a lot more interested if Noah Glass came back, personally.

Either way: so what? Twitter has huge endemic problems that someone who built the trash fire that was Jelly can fix.

</comment><comment><USER12> It feels strange reading such things from someone working on a company that is widely known for ignoring their users.

<comment><USER13> Not surprising when 90% of your users are bots.

</comment></comment><comment><USER14> _My top focus will be to guide the company culture, that energy, that feeling._

I wish he would have elaborated further on how he plans on doing this, given how fragile Twitter seems to be.

</comment><comment><USER15> So they are paying this guy to run the beer pong on Fridays? How about focus on building a sustainable business?

</comment><comment><USER16> I was wondering what Biz was up to; really dont understand the negativity here. This is probably a morale boost internally; Biz always struck me as the most passionate user-centric one of the founders. He brings a philosophy of horesing around and trying new shit without taking everything so bloody seriously.

I don't know the guy; but his interviews and writing don't paint a negative picture for me; don't get all the hate

</comment><comment><USER17> _I'm just filling the "Biz shaped hole" I left._

The writers for HBO's 'Silicon Valley' must have the easiest job in the world.

<comment><USER18> The hard part is finding the things their audience would believe someone did or said out of all the things that actually happened.

</comment></comment><comment><USER19> I almost wished we lived in an alternate universe where the gist of the announcement was something like, "I'm coming back to twitter, and will work to make the platform decentralized and open sourced...like gnu social, mastodon, etc." Oh well.

</comment><comment><USER20> Awesome. Maybe you can change the part of the culture that thinks it's good to censor troublesome (read: conservative) viewpoints.

</comment><comment><USER21> why don't i care?</comment>


Show HN: json.is - <AUTHOR> http://json.is

<comment><USER2> What is install.json used by?

Also, the names aren't entirely unambiguous. Bower used to use the same name as NPM (package.json) until relatively recently, for example.

<comment><USER3> And JSPM still does.

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> This is really cool. I love the UX / ability to click on a line to easily get more info about it.</comment>


We're the core Urbit team, ask us anything about Urbit - <AUTHOR> https://www.reddit.com/r/urbit/comments/4okcm6/were_the_core_urbit_team_ask_us_anything_about/ <comment><USER2> Is Urbit some kind of performance art project? Every time I read about it, it feels like I'm reading Edward Lear.

Edit: Example from Reddit: "sensible reason there are so many four-letter words is that they are symbols in the kernel, and four-letter symbols fit into 31 bits, which lets us use machine ints as an interpreter optimization rather than calling out to GMP."

Sensible?! Hahahaha! This has to be comedy. They are bigint-encoding identifiers? There is no sane reason to do this.

OK, I'm just going to go through the website here:

"If Bitcoin is money and Ethereum is law, Urbit is land."

Wow, how expositional.

"A 32-bit ship (like ~firbyr-napbes) is called a "planet." A 16-bit ship (like ~pollev) is a "star." An 8-bit ship (like ~mun) is a "galaxy.""

Edward Lear on subnets?

"Much as all real-estate titles in England trace back to William the Conqueror, all certificates in Urbit trace back to ~zod."

All hail!

"As an Urbit user, these basics are all you need to know."

Really? Because I still have no idea what the hell is supposed to be going on here.

"A principle called "Zooko's triangle" says that a practical identity system can achieve any two of these goals."

Disproved by Namecoin, FWIW.

"For more on Urbit's governance design, see our beliefs and principles and our interim constitution."

Oh great, so this "personal server" project (as described on the front page) has a constitution and a statement of principles?

Seriously, the only way I can interpret this is as some sort of abstract absurdist comedy project.

<comment><USER3> > _Sensible?! Hahahaha! This has to be comedy. They are bigint-encoding > identifiers? There is no sane reason to do this._

This fixed machine-width type of character encoding isn't unheard of. For example, Windows uses tags of this size to identify chunks of memory associated with drivers: [https://msdn.microsoft.com/en- us/library/windows/hardware/ff...](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en- us/library/windows/hardware/ff544520\(v=vs.85\).aspx)

<comment><USER2> Yes, but it's terrible design to use this in a dynamic interpreter. You can either use a proper text type or use identifier substitution.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> cyarvin: _As Dijkstra said: "the purpose of abstraction is not to be vague, but to create a new semantic level in which one can be absolutely precise."

So, for instance, Urbit has three abstract concepts matching the word "type", as normally used: "span" (set of nouns), "mold" (constructor), and "mark" (external/MIME type). It's not just that it's confusing to assign the word "type" arbitrarily to one of these (it will still be used indiscriminately for all, and is). _

Yes, it would be confusing to assign the word "type" to these concepts. Which is why we don't do that! We use "constructor" for an operation that instantiates a type, "external representation" ("printed rep", etc) for how we encoded it for storage and transport, and "domain" for the set of values belonging to a data type.

<comment><USER5> "Constructor" already got used by C++ for something different. A Hoon mold is more like a C++ struct than a C++ constructor.

And if you saw a file of Hoon molds, in normal programmer English, you'd say, "these are type declarations." I might even say it myself.

As for the external representation -- it's a name for a file containing a Hoon mold. Actually orthogonal to serialization format, as all nouns are serialized the same way. It really is more like a MIME type, if a MIME type was a function you could run. There's no word for this.

There is a common programming term for a set of values. The word is "type." "Domain" is a little bit odd, because we usually compute the "type" (span) as the _range_ of an expression...

Bottom line is, this stuff is hard!

<comment><USER4> > _" Constructor" already got used by C++ for something different._

Constructor was used (long) before C++! For instance, the "cons" function in Lisp stands for "construct", and speaking of which, ANSI Lisp even has "boa constructors" (by order of arguments). We are used to having terms like "constructor", "array" or "variable" have different shades in different languages. If I reach for Awk to munge some text fields, I'm not suddenly confused because its "arrays" are not like C arrays or Fortran arrays.

The same terms being used is actually helpful, because the terms form the pivots in conceptual mappings between languages, and comparisons. Even if two languages have different notions of what is a "variable", they are used in similar ways. It's easier to hang different shades of meaning on the same word than to memorize some made up new word. Even something quite different, like placeholders in pattern matching or predicate logic, can still be called "variable" without causing confusion.

Think about parameters/arguments. They can be by value, by name, by reference, or normal order (lazy). Using a different word instead of "parameter" for all these would be counterproductive, and make it harder to speak comparatively.

Bottom line, people aren't complete idiots.

 _" The Flunk language has flurbles, which are like C++ variables, but not exactly, so we use a different word. Unlike variables denote locations which do not have a type and can store any value._" (Gee, that's just like "variables" in some existing languages that are not C++.)

<comment><USER4> Maybe that's the point. If you implement, say, arrays very badly, and call them arrays, then everyone can easily criticize you in very direct terms: "Flunk has arrays, but they are broken compared to Python arrays, or even C arrays and Fortran arrays". The left-most "arrays" in that sentence can be a straightforward, blue-underlined link directly to the Flunk documentation which describes arrays. But if you call then batteries, then such a comparison gets confounded with distracting explanations. It's harder to argue that Flunk has broken arrays, when it has something called batteries that hold cells which have polarity and whatnot. First you have to argue that they really _are_ just arrays under a different name, then you have to argue why they are bad compared to arrays, and why that still matters in the context where they are batteries. By the time you're done, you look stupider than Flunk, and more negative than the (-) end of a Flunk battery.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> _cyarvin: But more broadly, it 's very difficult to invent a system like this if you need to commit to reusing the abstractions of 20th-century programming. A reused term comes with all kinds of assumptions. Sure, in some cases it's possible to retcon the system back into "normal" language, but a mismatch should be expected. A good example is the homoiconic state of Hoon/Nock. In basically all other languages, even including Lisp, the set of data available to an expression is not a first-class value in the language -- it's a "scope" or "environment" or some other secret mystery meat. In both Hoon and Nock it's a single, ordinary value -- the subject._

In mainstream Lisp dialects, that first class value exists: it is the lexical closure. You might not like the indirect "API" that it gives you to the environment (namely a function, which you have to program yourself to do what you want), but that's what it is. Your function can contain logic to inspect variables:

      ;; CL
      (let ((a 1) (b 2) (c 3))
        (lambda (which-var)
          (ecase which-var (a a) (b b) (c c))))

If we bind this to f, and (funcall f 'a) we get 1, and so on; we've given the mystery meat object a method for looking at some of the accessible values.

There may be some object representing an actual environment. That is very dialect specific. Common Lisp has macro-time environments, so a macro can manually expand a sub-macro in the correct scope.

In the TXR Lisp dialect, you can do this:

      1> (make-env)
      #<environment: b7653e3c>
      2> (env-vbind *1 'a 3)
      (a . 3)
      3> (env-vbind *1 'b 2)
      (b . 2)
      4> (eval '(+ a b))
      ** (expr-4:1) unbound variable a
      5> (eval '(+ a b) *1) ;; pass in the env
      5

In principle, any dialect could have this. I think it's just not considered that useful in the Lisp world. For one thing, compiled code may want to use an optimized representation of the environment. A compile function could take an env also, but that env would likely be copied and transformed into something else (that no longer shares bindings with the original env object).

Environments as first-class values are bit of an antithesis to the compiling of efficient lexical scopes. This is not out of ignorance; the Lisp world made that choice way back when for some good reasons. (Those reasons are neither forgotten, nor unquestioned).

</comment><comment><USER6> There's something so principled about the Urbit team. Everything from their website to the font :)

<comment><USER7> Since I picked the font, I'll take that as a compliment! Principled, I'll take. We try our best not to be stubborn.</comment></comment>


Wesaturate – 6000 Free Raw Photos - <AUTHOR> https://www.wesaturate.com <comment><USER2> Okay photo selection. I test with: lemons, boudoir, African

RAW download button did not work for me. But you can download using this script by putting in the photo ID:

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.3fr](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.3fr)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.ari](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.ari)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.arw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.arw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.bay](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.bay)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.crw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.crw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.cr2](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.cr2)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.cap](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.cap)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.data](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.data)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dcs](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dcs)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dcr](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dcr)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dng](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.dng)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.drf](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.drf)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.eip](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.eip)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.erf](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.erf)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.fff](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.fff)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.gpr](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.gpr)

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wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.k25](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.k25)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.kdc](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.kdc)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mdc](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mdc)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mef](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mef)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mos](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mos)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mrw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.mrw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.nef](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.nef)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.nrw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.nrw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.obm](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.obm)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.orf](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.orf)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.pef](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.pef)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.ptx](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.ptx)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.pxn](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.pxn)

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wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.raf](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.raf)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.raw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.raw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rwl](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rwl)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rw2](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rw2)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rwz](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.rwz)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.sr2](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.sr2)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.srf](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.srf)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.srw](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.srw)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.tif](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.tif)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.tiff](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.tiff)

wget [https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.x3f](https://cdn.wesaturate.com/photos/xxxxx.x3f)</comment>


Breathing and Exercise: Strength Training for Your Diaphragm (2018) - <AUTHOR> https://www.pennmedicine.org/updates/blogs/musculoskeletal-and-rheumatology/2018/october/breathing-exercises <comment><USER2> Lot of people tend to have respiratory failure before situation gets worrisome and breath exercises are a definite way to help your body do what a ventilator does

In yoga asanas, there are few breathing exercises that existed in ancient India and I myself can attest to it that I was able to overcome lot of allergies practising it,

Here is a resource to follow along. [https://youtu.be/iUKjuni-6l8](https://youtu.be/iUKjuni-6l8) starts at 9 mins and goes on for 15 mins or so

And yes everyone breathes the wrong way, we pull in stomach when inhaling which is supposed to be otherway round, I know it's surprising to hear that we are breathing wrong. if you want the proof just notice a child breathing that's the most natural form of breathing

If you are looking for keywords to look up, the are anuloma viloma & kapalabathi.

Stay safe, stay healthy.

<comment><USER3> Yes! Breathing like that will purge carbon dioxide from your blood more quickly and result in higher oxygen levels. There are some really powerful exercises based on oxygen breathing in quite a few different traditions. Some names I've heard of are "holotropic breathing", "circular breathing", "breath of fire", "round breathing", "bioenergetics breathing", and "Wim Hoff method". Wilhelm Reich made use of oxygen increasing breathwork in his orgone therapy back in the mid 20th century.

This stuff can really bring about powerful alternate states of mind, and I've personally experienced some deep spiritual and psychological release from oxygen breathing exercises.

At this point I've come to think that peoples' natural response during an anxiety attack, which is to hyperventilate, might actually be a healthy, desireable reaction. But we socially repress and stigmatize it. Fear and anxiety are uncomfortable to us, so instead of holding space for working through that stuff naturally, we stuff it.

I'm telling you though, the feeling relief that controlled hyperventilating can bring is unbelievable.

<comment><USER4> The evolutionary history of how we developed an instinct to hyperventilate is an interesting question.

However, I have to put up a warning that hyperventilating doesn't actually increase oxygen levels. It's a dangerous practice because it surpasses the natural drive to breath by depleting CO2 in the blood to abnormally low levels.

Our breath drive depends on CO2 levels and can get fooled by hyperventilation into letting you black out from lack of oxygen. This section on Wikipedia explains the physics of the situation really well: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freediving_blackout#Shallow_wa...](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freediving_blackout#Shallow_water_blackout)

<comment><USER5> > The evolutionary history of how we developed an instinct to hyperventilate

Presumably it's a fight or flight response. It's redundant and counterproductive of course in many modern stress situations but if you had to fight off a predator or catch that animal the extra jolt of vascular activity probably makes perfect sense.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> I was intrigued by this report last year ([http://www.sci- news.com/medicine/inspiratory-muscle-strength...](http://www.sci- news.com/medicine/inspiratory-muscle-strength-training-blood-pressure- brain-07077.html)) and did some research around the idea of Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training (IMST). Turns out there has been a bit of peer-reviewed work done recently around IMST and statistically significant reductions in blood pressure, especially in regard to obstructive sleep apnea treated with CPAP ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863204/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863204/)). I went out and purchased the K3 that was used in the recent work showing 5 minutes of IMST training at 75% capacity reduced blood pressure by 10 points ([https://www.powerbreathe.com/product-category/breathing- trai...](https://www.powerbreathe.com/product-category/breathing-trainers/)). I've been doing it off and on for 6 months now, and I can attest that after 3 weeks of twice daily use, my blood pressure was reduced by at least 10 points. I've also noticed sleeping better with my CPAP. YMWV, but the peer reviewed science seems legit and I've personally benefited from it!

<comment><USER7> I don't have a high blood pressure but I do use a CPAP device for handling my spnea. Currently using a Philips Dreamstation. After it was diagnosed I immediately got the device and ever since my AHI dropped from about 50 to 2 or 3 an. I wonder if it is possible to ever get off this device. Would this breath exercises help in reducing the AHI?

Some actions which I have experienced in a positive way of reducing AHI: \- Hiking / workout before going to bed \- Quit consuming drinks containing alcohol.

Any other suggestions would be great and very welcome!

<comment><USER8> Hello there I actually have a Phillips DreamStation Auto BiPAP Hum Dom (DSX700H11), thats connected to the DreamStation Hum Core Pack DOM (DSXHCP), that I'm currently trying to find a new home for. It was my fathers, he recently past an the machine cost us a small fortune because at the time he had no INS. Anyways if anyone is interested please contact my via Email. My Gmail is the exact same as my user name on this site. I appreciate any feedback as far as where else I might been able to recoup some of my money spent as well as help someone that may not have the right resources to set one through there INS or what not. Again that's, and sorry to interrupt your conversation! Benenati2323

<comment><USER9> This is a VERY active community around sleep apnea. Someone there could certainly help you: [http://apneaboard.com/](http://apneaboard.com/)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> If you haven't already, start jogging/running. Unless you are in a super-dense city it's easy to meet isolation requirements. Start jogging at the start of each 5 (or 2) minute boundary, jog until you're too puffed, then walk until next boundary. Repeat until 20, 30 or 45 minutes is up. Done. Then repeat every day or other day until you are jogging non-stop. Congratulations, you're now a runner and your lungs are now unavoidably stronger.

Don't bother with stretching rituals unless you have extra time to burn -- they don't really make a difference versus simply running within your current comfort zone. Half of the running biz is a meditation on the state of your body during and between runs (the other half is scheduling, and that's aaaaall different now.)

Also, if you have 'gunky lungs' (either standard cold/flu or COVID-19) wait until you are mostly gunk-free before running!

<comment><USER11> > your lungs are now unavoidably stronger.

Are there any long term studies about the health effects of running in polluted cities ?

<comment><USER12> I remember a paper that found that its worse to run near roads than to run at all, with huge amounts of absorption of contaminants into the body. Contaminants being "recorded" in the runner's hair.

Out of the blue I found this paper finding a relationship between worse performance and pollution in marathons.[1]

[1] [https://mpra.ub.uni- muenchen.de/79473/1/MPRA_paper_79473.pdf](https://mpra.ub.uni- muenchen.de/79473/1/MPRA_paper_79473.pdf)

<comment><USER13> That study was done in China which is pretty notorious for its air quality. Probably best not to run outside when the AQI is high though. [https://airnow.gov/](https://airnow.gov/)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER14> I wanted to improve my presentation skills. I felt my voice was too nasal and thin, I spoke too fast, and emphasised too many words.

So I approached a voice training coach. It seems everything -- from delivery, pauses, speed of delivery to sore throats -- could be improved if one could pay attention to proper breath control, and diaphragmatic breathing. I can certainly attest to that.

<comment><USER15> I went looking for a voice coach. All I could find were singing coaches and autistic speech therapy ones. Nobody who could coach me at giving presentations. How did you find yours?

<comment><USER16> I didn't take courses, but as far as I know proper breathing techniques are also taught by singing coaches, if that's what you are looking for.

<comment><USER15> I was looking for coaching to enunciate clearly.

<comment><USER17> I'm interested in this also. Would love to hear if you find something/someone good.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER18> I wonder if this is trending because people figure you might be able to strengthen your diaphragm as a precautionary measure in case of contracting COVID-19.

Anyway, if anyone is interested in a practical application from a scholarly source: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971640/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971640/)

<comment><USER19> Probably is; mind you, being in good health (respiratory and overall) will make it easier on both you and the medical system if you do contract it.

</comment></comment><comment><USER20> >From an early age, you were likely taught to breathe with your upper chest.

Wait, what? People are taught how to breathe? Is this really a thing?

<comment><USER21> Haven't heard about it. I breathe with the "proper method" instinctively and never knew this was even a thing.

Perhaps it's something specific to American culture.

<comment><USER22> There's really nothing in American culture about breathing one way or another.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER23> I don't see any guide or any real description of the benefit of training your diaphragm (other than taking deep breaths by pushing your stomach out. But how much? How often?)

<comment><USER24> I've been training diaphagm breathing as part of martial arts training for over a decade. Breathing is deeper and calmer and more powerful.

<comment><USER25> and then?

<comment><USER26> I did some quick googling and it seems like there's some preliminary research that indicates it might help you reduce stress[0]. But I wonder how this stacks up against going for a jog or riding a bike, which have a well established record of reducing stress, and have other benefits.

[0]: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5455070/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5455070/)

<comment><USER24> Complementary and synergistic. Why pick breath training or vigorous exercise when you can just do both?

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> Singers also do extensive breath/diaphragm exercises: [https://www.musikalessons.com/blog/2016/10/vocal- exercises-f...](https://www.musikalessons.com/blog/2016/10/vocal-exercises- for-singers/)

<comment><USER28> I played the flute for a few years as a kid, and breathing was a big deal during my lessons.

</comment></comment><comment><USER29> OK, so what's the exercise?

"To do this, you'll need to control your diaphragm by using your abdominal muscles to press your abdomen forward, allowing your diaphragm to flex downward."

Then the article goes into stretching ...

</comment><comment><USER30> The best way to increase your cardiovascular capacity, and boost your immune system at the same time, is aerobic exercise "cardio".

I'm an anesthesiologist/intensivist and this is how I'm preparing.

</comment><comment><USER31> I'm surprised no one has brought up box breathing (aka four square breathing) yet. [https://www.livestrong.com/article/74944-box-breathing- techn...](https://www.livestrong.com/article/74944-box-breathing-technique/)

Short version: breathe in deep belly breaths for four seconds, hold for four seconds, breathe out for four seconds, hold for four seconds. Do this is a quiet and dark room and it helps with stress, anxiety, etc.

I got into it when Joe Defranco mentioned a progressive version of this on his podcast: breathe in for one second, hold for one, breathe out for one, hold for one. Then breathe in for two seconds, hold for two, breathe out for two, hold for two. Then breathe in for three seconds, hold for three, breathe out for three, hold for three. So on and so forth. Most people can get to six seconds, but not much more past that. This progression technique has helped with my diaphragm strength and breath-bracing (I do a lot of heavy weight training).

</comment><comment><USER32> I am guessing this is being posted in relation to the virus. Is this likely to be at all helpful? Is having a strong diaphragm useful when your lungs are filled with fluid?

<comment><USER33> In respiratory therapy school we were taught some breathing exercises to teach patients who were graduating after being on a vent, had lung surgery following cancer, COPD and/or other pulmonary issues. Some of the trainers like the inspiratory and expiatory trainers have benefits to non-compromised patients - some athletes use them for training in sports like swimming and basketball.

Maybe an MD will chime in, however in case not imo the diaphragmatic training is only beneficial for singers and yogis and others who need to do large diaphram style breaths. Most people will go back to their normal style of breathing even if they're trained and practice diaphragmatic breathing after they're done concentrating.

If I had to recommend one thing to buy for a regular person to use, it would probably be a really simple inspiratory/expiratory trainer. Basically you inhale and blow through a hole and it strengthens your lungs.

This one is low tech and bombproof, cheap, easy to disinfect and used a lot in the field: [http://www.medi- careequipment.com/Catalog/Product/26832/Pfle...](http://www.medi- careequipment.com/Catalog/Product/26832/Pflex-Inspiratory-Muscle-Trainer)

[https://www.respiratorytherapyzone.com/best-breathing- exerci...](https://www.respiratorytherapyzone.com/best-breathing-exerciser- trainers/)

<comment><USER34> Thanks for posting. I've done diaphragm breathing exercises for sports training and meditation. How does using these inspiratory/expiratory devices strengthen the lungs? Isn't the action just strengthening primarily the diaphragm and some chest muscles used in breathing? How many minutes training per day would you recommend for healthy people? And how much does the Pflex sell for? Site makes you request to order and collects a lot of info.

<comment><USER33> Aww geeze, I knew someone was going to ask some followup questions and I'd be out of my depth!

To be honest, I didn't practice in the field very long as an RT because I fell into hospital IT after my rotations and took to it like a duck to water and ended up really enjoying that as a career.

I'm gonna refer you to this study which - you are right- does show the insp/exp trainers help to strengthen breathing muscles. So perhaps it's the equivalent of using weights at the gym vs just doing diaphragm breathing exercises.

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316503/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316503/)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER35> Art of Manliness did a nice piece on this with an interview with Dr. Vranich: [https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to- breathe/](https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-breathe/)

This link contains some actual guidance.

<comment><USER36> Helpful, direct and to-the-point article/guidance using simple language.

Thanks for the link.

</comment></comment><comment><USER37> so where's the guide?

<comment><USER38> Exactly. There's no how-to guide there. It's mostly an ad. Good idea, though. Search for "How to Breathe"; there are some good sources. Especially important if you're on lockdown and moving less than usual.

</comment></comment><comment><USER39> Can someone summarize what's the best technique for breathing well? Something everyone can do daily and improve? I read the article (I think) seen no guide there.

<comment><USER40> I just mentioned the same here [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22661875](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22661875)

</comment></comment><comment><USER41> I had pneumonia when I was 14 (weakened immune system after growing 6 inches in 8 months...) and the doctor prescribed breathing exercises which were very helpful. There was of course a ton of ABX as well as inhaled steroids, but after all of that, the breathing exercises were what helped to restore me to normal. (The Prednisone actually did a lot of harm, don't go off it without a taper!)

<comment><USER22> Is there any evidence that fast growth rates cause weakened immune systems? That seems highly improbable. Lots of people get pneumonia.

</comment></comment><comment><USER42> This reminds me of some of the exercises I did during marching band and Drum Corps. We were taught, like the article says, to breathe by expanding the abs and then use the abs and diaphragm to push the air out through the instrument. In both, we used breathing gym techniques developed by Sam Pilafian and Patrick Sheridan. Here's a video of them demonstrating some of the exercises we did. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEz0ku- oXM4](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEz0ku-oXM4)

These exercises definitely helped me prepare my lungs for the stress of what is essentially running and playing a brass instrument at the same time for ten minutes. Even though they are meant for Marching Band and Drum Corps, I would still recommend breathing gym for anyone who wants to be a stronger breather.

</comment><comment><USER43> Anybody interested in this might look into trying out the didgeridoo. I got one to help reduce snoring, and can attest that regular practice definitely strengthens the diaphragm and pharyngeal muscles. Plus it's pretty fun.

</comment><comment><USER44> Having a strong diaphragm and good lung capacity is important for being healthy. Proper intake of oxygen can work wonders for your mind and improve efficiency by a lot. Stay safe everyone!

</comment><comment><USER45> Pranayanama, the ancient breathing technique practiced by yogis, focuses on various types breathing exercises including Diaphragmatic Breathing.. it is explained in Adham Pranayanama.

<comment><USER46> Another modern (but still technical) treatment is Light on Pranayama by B.K.S. Iyengar.

</comment></comment><comment><USER47> I wonder if learning to play a woodwind instrument like the recorder or melodica is good exercise for lungs and diaphragm.

</comment><comment><USER48> Go play a wind instrument. Saxophone, Trumpet, Flute. Breath control is very important. As it is for singers.

<comment><USER49> I played brass instruments for about 8 years in school; even playing the tuba didn't really help me with breath control.

I was lazy and apathetic, so the fault was mine, but it's just worth noting that while it may be helpful it's not sufficient.</comment></comment>


Show HN: Bitdeli - Create custom analytics with Python, share on GitHub - <AUTHOR> https://bitdeli.com/

<comment><USER2> Looks great. Some feedback:

\+ Setup a live demo (allow users to fiddle with a demo and visualize the possibilities).

\+ The entry plan of $49 seems a bit steep. Would a $29 plan be financially possible?

\+ Personally, I am not a fan of trial periods. Either I find value in a product and am excited or not.

Great work though guys. Where in San Francisco are you located at?

<comment><USER3> Why aren't you a fan of trial periods? I much rather give it a shot before I commit to paying some money. In fact, I pass on many that don't have trials.

It's easy to talk the talk on a marketing website, a free trial shows the truth.

<comment><USER2> If they had a live demo, why would a trial be necessary? I think either a free plan or a really awesome demo provides the information and experience needed for users to make a purchasing decision.

I dislike trials because they require a credit card to even experience the product. Also, I hate having to remember to cancel before the trial period ends. The product should be compelling and exciting, and provide enough details and information that I am willing to pull out a credit card and commit.

<comment><USER4> I don't believe the trial here requires a credit card until the trial is over (to continue using the service).

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Hey vtuulos, this looks really cool.

We would be interested to explore feeding SnowPlow (<https://github.com/snowplow/snowplow>) atomic web analytics data into Bitdeli: potentially our SnowPlow StorageLoader (which currently feeds Infobright) could fire all SnowPlow events into Bitdeli using your Events API.

A couple of questions about your Events API:

1: does your Events API only support submitting one event at a time? Would be nice to bulk them up otherwise we're going to be creating 1000s of HTTP connections.

2: is there a reason why you pull uid up out of the event's JSON envelope, but not the event type? It's nice to have the event type outside of the envelope, because then you can know the expected structure of the JSON without having to look inside it. Just a thought - this is how MixPanel and Fluentd do it, and it's something we're moving to supporting for SnowPlow.

Anyway, have a think about feeding Bitdeli with SnowPlow event data and let me know if it's something you want to collaborate on! And keep up the great work in the meantime.

<comment><USER6> Feeding data from SnowPlow to Bitdeli sounds like a great idea.

1\. It does, although it is an undocumented feature. You can send a list of events instead of a single JSON object to the Events API.

2\. Bitdeli doesn't need an event type but it needs a user identifier. The event type is utilized with the data sources that provide it, like Mixpanel, but for instance our integration to the GitHub commits API doesn't expect that events contain a type.

A good starting point would be to create a super simple card that does something with the data from SnowPlow, like

[https://github.com/bitdeli/bd-rawevents-event- volume/blob/ma...](https://github.com/bitdeli/bd-rawevents-event- volume/blob/master/__main__.py)

that just counts the number of events received over time.

Let me know if you want to give it a try - I am happy to extend your trial as long as needed.

<comment><USER5> Great stuff Vtuulos - I have signed up. Will probably take us a few weeks to get round to it as we have a few other releases which need to happen first...

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Btw, for more details about what powers Bitdeli, see <http://weusethat.com/bitdeli/>

The backend is mostly in Erlang. The frontend is made of Backbone, D3, Bootstrap.

<comment><USER7> I assume the backend is not on github? At least I couldn't find it. If that's the case I find the title misleading as the code that does the analytics work isn't shared.

<comment><USER6> The actual analytics work is done by the Python scripts which are open-source. See <https://github.com/bitdeli> or sign up to Bitdeli where you can see them in action.

The backend takes care of the plumbing: receiving and persisting data, scheduling scripts, managing computation nodes etc.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Hi HN! We just (re)launched today. All feedback would be greatly appreciated.

I'm happy to answer any questions here.

<comment><USER8> This is interesting. Would like to explore more for our analytics need.

</comment></comment><comment><USER9> One thing I really like about this is the Python snippets alongside the chart, right there on the front page. It's unobtrusive but gives me an immediate feel for how script x could produce chart y.

If these aren't just stylized and you could make them live editable somehow you'd really be onto something.

</comment><comment><USER10> I should see live examples, before I sign up...

<comment><USER11> I agree. Anyway, if you sign up you can play with sample data.

It looks completely amazing.

</comment></comment><comment><AUTHOR> Hi fellow hackers, let us know what you think about our relaunch!

Our launch was covered by GigaOM earlier today: [http://gigaom.com/data/how- bitdeli-thinks-it-can-bring-analy...](http://gigaom.com/data/how-bitdeli- thinks-it-can-bring-analytics-to-the-people/)

</comment><comment><USER12> Grats on launching. Are the graphs rendered with d3.js or something else?

<comment><AUTHOR> Yep, we use D3 for most of our graph widgets (maps, time series, bar charts). The rest are plain html/css so everything is nice and scalable.

<comment><USER12> Sounds great. It really says something about you that your product is able to stand out amongst all the billion analytics services out there.

It'd be like coming out with the best To-Do or Markdown editor app for iOS. :)

If I could make a suggestion, at some point you should create an analytics "gizmo" (or whatever you want to call it) gallery similar to <http://bl.ocks.org/>. You could even just parse the gist examples in Python and convert them to HTML/CSS/JS yourselves.

It would make it much easier to use and understand what can be done with your service. Not that I'm saying you aren't planning something like that. You already seem to encourage a pluggable approach, and what's easier than just going through a gallery and pressing an "install" button. Suddenly, you don't have to know any Python.

<comment><AUTHOR> We'll definitely set up a public gallery of all the analytics widgets at some point. Since all the visualizations are produced by our Python scripts, you can check our documentation for all the available widget types:

<https://bitdeli.com/docs/python-widgets.html>

You can also see a preview of all our analytics templates on our GitHub account:

<https://github.com/bitdeli>

When you sign up, you can use any of these analytics scripts with your data with just a couple of clicks - no coding needed to get started.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER13> $49 is a steep price for checking it out with no additional info.

<comment><USER6> Hi! We have a 14 day free trial - no obligation.

Additional information can be best found at our documentation:

<https://bitdeli.com/docs/>

<comment><USER14> Congrats on the relaunch. I also missed the 14-day free trial text, so you should probably emphasise it more, put it next to sign up buttons etc.

<comment><AUTHOR> Thanks for the feedback! Our data seems to back your suggestion - the signup button with the extra text is everybody's favorite.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Is Google Analytics on the roadmap?

<comment><USER6> Yes, definitely. The biggest issue with importing data from Google Analytics is that they have a pretty low quota for data export, so it is hard/slow to get all historical data out from GA.

<comment><USER15> As far as I know, GA doesn't have the real time stuff in the API yet. So you only need to update once per day.

When you say "all historical data" do you grab everything back to the beginning of time? Or does it depend on what dashboard the user has setup?

<comment><USER6> With Mixpanel we grab everything back to the beginning of time. How much data is made available for a dashboard (card) depends on your plan.

See details here:

<https://bitdeli.com/docs/datasources.html></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Gmail Runs Faster In Google Chrome? - <AUTHOR> http://www.honeytechblog.com/gmail-runs-faster-in-google-chrome/

<comment><USER2> this page seems fishy</comment>


Show HN: After 20 years Morguefile.com relaunches - <AUTHOR> http://morguefile.com/ <comment><AUTHOR> After 20 years as a member of the exclusive club of well-established, trusted brands that defined the internet, we are relaunching with a new game challenge for our users called quest.</comment>


Startup Quote: Nolan Ryan, team president, Texas Rangers - <AUTHOR> http://startupquote.com/post/1568160972

<comment><AUTHOR> I grew up with the thought that I wanted to treat people the way I'd like to be treated, and I think if you do that, it's pretty hard to go wrong.

\- Nolan Ryan

<http://startupquote.com/post/1568160972></comment>


Linux Toolbox - <AUTHOR> https://jvns.ca/blog/2019/10/21/print-collection-of-my-first-7-zines/ <comment><USER2> Love this! Ordered for the office.

</comment><comment><USER3> Fantastic stuff, I might buy it

<comment><USER4> Indeed. I actually ordered it just now.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> She says she makes more if you buy these instead: [https://wizardzines.com/](https://wizardzines.com/)

</comment><comment><USER6> This is fantastic! Tangentially related but I'd really like to learn such byte sized stuff about Linux and Linux tools. Anyone has any nice resources I, a grown up, can refer to?

<comment><USER7> What do you mean? The article literally links to such resources. There's nothing non-grown-up any them.

</comment></comment><comment><USER8> I guess I just don't really understand the "zine" movement of the last decade, especially with regards to technical information. Is this a left-brain/right- brain thing?

<comment><USER9> Left brain v Right brain is mostly bunk [1]. Additionally, the zine trend is nothing new. It is just making its way to computing in a way I have not noticed before. It's been common in music scenes, especially punk, for a long time.

I like it because it presents information in a more conversational way and has more personality. I like Julia's stuff because it feels like you're learning the topic with her rather than being talked at. Having hand drawn visuals also lets a lot of information be communicated quickly in a way that's harder than just text in some instances.

[1][https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/nov/16/left-r...](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/nov/16/left- right-brain-distinction-myth)

<comment><USER10> Habitually bitter.</comment></comment></comment>


5 hottest startups according to Killer Startups - <AUTHOR> http://www.centernetworks.com/aftervote-blogcatalog-talkshoe-shopbig-zwinktopia <comment><USER2> No, I've never heard of them either.

I'm extremely biased, but I would put Gustaf (heysan) on that list. One of the nicest guys I have ever met.

and ironically, I would have to put killerstartups.com on that list as well. Interesting.

Thanks for the post.

</comment><comment><USER3> You can't have deem a startup hot just because a bunch of your startup-peers vote on it. It's only hot when the rest of the Internet finds it valuable. Plus, I've haven't heard of any single one of those.

</comment><comment><AUTHOR> I'd never heard of any of these "hottest startups", how about you? Which startups would be on your list?</comment>