text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 1, 1985
|Filing date
|May 23, 1984
|Priority date
|May 27, 1983
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Kazuo Tanaka, Sadahiko Tsuji
|Original Assignee
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (8), Classifications (9), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an optical system for a camera.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The optical systems for video cameras and cine cameras, for example, have the general configuration shown in FIG. 1 where 1 is a zoom section constituting part of a photographic optical system of the camera. This zoom section 1 is rearwardly followed by a beam splitter 2, a diaphragm 3, a relay section 4 of components 4a and 4b of the zoom lens, and an image pickup element 5 along an optical axis of the zoom section 1 in this order from the front. The image pickup element 5 takes the form of, in the instance of video cameras, a charge coupled device (CCD) or like image sensor, and in the instance of cine cameras, a photographic film. The light emerging from the zoom section 1 is split off by a half-mirrored layer 2a in the beam splitter 2 to an upward going portion with an axis L2 on which lies a finder optical system. The finder system comprises, in a direction of advance of light, an objective lens 6, a total reflection mirror 7 for bending the optical axis L2 to parallelism with the first optical axis L1, a field lens 8, an erector lens 9, a field mask 10, and an eye-piece composed of lenses 11a and 11b.
Here, the light passing through the zoom section 1, splitter 2, diaphragm 3 and relay section 4 forms an image of an object being photographed on the image pickup element 5 arranged in the focal plane. The split-off light L2 by the splitter 2, on the other hand, passes through the objective lens 6 to the total reflection mirror 7 and therefrom is reflected to the field lens 8, forming a first image at a plane P1. This image is erected by the lens 9 at a second focal plane P2 of the finder optical system, or the field mask 10. This erected image is observed through the eye-piece 11.
In the optical system of this configuration, because the beam splitter 2 for giving the finder optical system an image bearing light beam is positioned between the zoom section 1 and the diaphragm 3, changing of the angular field with zooming and focusing by the front members of the zoom section 1 can be observed always clearly no matter what aperture value the diaphragm 3 may take. Such optical system has, therefore, found its use in many video cameras and cine cameras.
Meanwhile, it is also known to provide the so-called extender which when inserted into either a rear or an intermediate space of the photographic optical system, in the case of its being a zoom lens, shifts the range of focal lengths that can be set on that zoom lens, or in the case of its being a fixed focal length lens, changes its focal length from one to another value. Because the extender is smaller in the size and lighter in the weight than the afocal converter which effects an equivalent result when it is attached to the front of the photographic optical system, it is applied to various types of optical systems for cameras.
By the way, the application of such extender to the optical system of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 gives rise to a disadvantage as described below. That is, as the extender is inserted into a space between the components 4a and 4b constituting the relay section 4, the angular field of the finder does not change at all. The use of the extender results in creating a difference between the angles of view field for the image pickup element 5 and the field mask 10. To solve this, for example, a method of interchanging the field mask 10 may be employed. But, for the focal length is increased, the size of area of the frame is decreased. Therefore, visual zooming and focusing become very difficult to perform.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel optical system for a camera capable of correcting the field of view of an optical finder in response to change in the focal length of a photographic optical system.
Another object is to provide an optical system for a camera which accomplishes the above-stated object without involving an unduly large increase in the bulk and size and the weight.
These and other objects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments thereof.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an optical system of the general configuration for a camera.
FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1 except that an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) illustrate another embodiments of the invention.
FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are lens block diagrams of a numerical specific example of the optical system of the invention with and without an extender respectively.
FIGS. 5(a) to 5(c) are graphic representations of the aberrations of the photographic optical system in the shortest, intermediate and longest focal length positions respectively.
FIGS. 6(a) to 6(c) are graphic representations of the aberrations of the finder optical system of FIG. 4(a) in the shortest, intermediate and longest focal length positions respectively.
FIGS. 7(a) to 7(c) are graphic representations of the aberrations of the photographic optical system of FIG. 4(b) in the shortest, intermediate and longest focal length positions respectively.
FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c) are graphic representations of the aberrations of the finder optical system of FIG. 4(b) in the shortest, intermediate and longest focal length positions respectively.
The present invention will next be described based on embodiments illustrated in FIG. 2 and those that follow, where the similar parts to those shown in FIG. 1 are referred to by the same symbols and their explanation is not recited here.
In FIG. 2, two lenses 22a and 22b constitute an extender for use in the photographic optical system. This extender 21 is movably supported by a mechanism (not shown) to releasably attach in between the components 4a and 4b which constitute the relay section 4, as illustrated in FIG. 2. The finder optical system is also provided with an extender 23 of its own which has an euqal magnification power to that of the extender 21, and which is constructed with lenses 24a and 24b. When the extender 21 is inserted into and seated in axial alignment with the photographic optical system, the extender 23 is also caused to take its place behind the objective lens 6 by an operating mechanism (not shown) therefor.
With the extenders 21 and 23 when in use, on the other hand, an enlarged object image is formed on the light receiving surface of the image pickup element 5, and at the same time the finder image at the first focal plane P1 is enlarged to the same rate as that of magnification of the image of the photographic optical system. This makes it possible for the photographer to observe the finder image of the same field of view as the actual one for the image pickup element 5.
Next, using FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), other embodiments of the invention will be described.
In the embodiment of FIG. 3(a), the extender 21 is arranged to move into or retract from a space between the components 4a and 4b in the relay section 4. Responsive to this movement of the extender 21 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis L1, the erector lens 9 is otherwise made movable along the optical axis O' of the finder optical system, thus also serving as the extender for the finder image.
With the extender 21 when, for example in use with the photographic optical system as illustrated in FIG. 3(a), the erector lens 9 assumes a position indicated by the solid line as changed from another position indicated by the dashed line with the extender 21 is inserted, thereby the image at the second focal plane P2 is changed. Under this condition, for a given image magnification, "a", of the extender 21, the magnification power of the erector lens 9 is so chosen to take a value of -√a times in the solid line position and -1/√a in the dashed line position. So the distance between the first and second focal planes P1 and P2 may be left unchanged without having to produce any change of the visusal angle.
Changing of the axial position of the erector lens 9 may be otherwise carried out as shown in FIG. 3(b) where a holder 15 for the erector lens 9 is rotatable about an axis 14 perpendicular to the optical axis O' and is arranged to turn 180� when the extender 21 is advanced or retracted, thus taking the dashed position.
It will be understood that according to this embodiment, by a very simple method of moving the erector lens 9 which is primarily one of the constituent parts of the finder optical system, it is made possible to increase the magnification of the finder image in response to increase in the focal length of the photographic optical system, thereby giving an advantage that the number of parts added is limited to a minimum while nevertheless achieving a perfect operation of the finder function. It is to be noted that in order to maintain a good performance of the finder optical system, the erector lens 9 is preferably constructed as including a cemented doublet consisting of a positive lens element and a negative lens element. It should be pointed out here that instead of using the erector lens 9, the objective lens 6 can be selected to also serve as the extender axially movable in response to movement of the extender 21. Even in this case, it is possible to obtain an enlarged image in the finder optical system with the same rate of magnification as that of magnification in the photographic optical system.
An example of a specific optical system of the invention can be constructed in accordance with the numerical data given in Tables 1 to 4 below. In Tables 1 and 2 for the photographic and finder optical systems respectively but with exclusion of their extenders as illustrated in FIG. 4(a), A denotes a focusing lens, B a variator, C a compensator, D a prism for finder, E a diaphragm, F a front part of a relay lens, G a rear part of the relay lens, H a face plate, I an objective lens, J a mirror, K a field lens, L an erector lens, M a filter, N a field mask, O a filter, P an eye-piece, and Q an eye point. Also Ri and ri are the radii of curvature of the i-th lens surfaces counting from front; Di and di are the i-th axial thicknesses or air separations, and Ni and νi are the refractive index for the spectral d line of sodium and the Abbe number of the i-th lens element respectively.
TABLE 1______________________________________ R1 = 87.78 D1 = 2.00 N1 = 1.80518 ν1 = 25.4 R2 = 36.48 D2 = 7.90 N2 = 1.58913 ν2 = 61.0A R3 = -98.96 D3 = 0.15 R4 = 28.34 D4 = 4.80 N3 = 1.58913 ν3 = 61.0 R5 = 92.83 D5 = l1 R6 = -743.00 D6 = 0.90 N4 = 1.69700 ν4 = 48.5 R7 = 12.49 D7 = 2.88 R8 = -16.90 D8 = 0.90 N5 = 1.69350 ν5 =B 53.2 R9 = 12.94 D9 = 4.00 N6 = 1.80518 ν6 = 25.4 R10 = -860.62 D10 = l2 R11 = 39.17 D11 = 5.20 N7 = 1.62374 ν7 = 47.1C R12 = -17.26 D12 = 0.90 N8 = 1.80518 ν8 = 25.4 R13 = -42.56 D13 = l3 R14 = 0.0 D14 = 7.50 N9 = 1.51633 ν9 =D 64.1 R15 = 0.0 D15 = 2.00E R16 = 0.0 D16 = 2.50 R17 = 31.30 D17 = 2.70 N10 = 1.71300 ν10 = 53.8 R18 = -65.65 D18 = 1.80F R19 = -27.22 D19 = 1.60 N11 = 1.80518 ν11 = 25.4 R20 = -46.68 D20 = 16.00 R21 = 21.08 D21 = 0.90 N12 = 1.84666 ν12 = 23.9 R22 = 12.95 D22 = 1.50G R23 = 16.98 D23 = 2.80 N13 = 1.69680 ν13 = 55.5 R24 = -80.24 D24 = 5.00 R25 = 0.0 D25 = 5.00 N14 = 1.51633 ν14 =H 64.1 R26 = 0.0 D26 = 5.00______________________________________ Shortest Middle Longest Focal Focal Focal Length Length Length Position Position Position______________________________________f 13.34 36.02 63.38l1 1.53 16.34 20.10l2 20.04 11.62 1.48l3 7.28 0.88 7.27______________________________________
TABLE 2______________________________________ r14 = 0.0 d14 = 13.00 N14 = 1.51633 ν14 =D 64.1 r15 = 0.0 d15 = 13.02 r16 = 26.42 d16 = 1.91 N15 = 1.62374 ν15 = 47.1I r17 = -10.39 d17 = 1.00 N16 = 1.80518 ν16 = 25.4 r18 = -30.19 d18 = 17.00J r19 = 0.0 d19 = 17.73 r20 = -34.87 d20 = 5.03 N17 = 1.53256 ν17 =K 45.9 r21 = 11.66 d21 = 54.07 r22 = 28.28 d22 = 1.40 N18 = 1.72825 ν18 = 28.5 r23 = 13.75 d23 = 3.50 N19 = 1.51633 ν19 = 64.1L r24 = -52.05 d24 = 20.50 r25 = 28.56 d25 = 3.00 N20 = 1.50137 ν20 = 56.4 r26 = -59.50 d26 = 22.01 r27 = 0.0 d27 = 1.35 N21 = 1.52300 ν21 =M 58.6 r28 = 0.0 d28 = 5.00 r29 = 0.0 d29 = 1.70 N22 = 1.49171 ν22 =N 57.4 r30 = 0.0 d30 = 3.86 r31 = 0.0 d31 = 3.00 N23 = 1.52300 ν23 =O 58.6 r32 = 0.0 d32 = 13.27 r33 = 29.47 d33 = 3.70 N24 = 1.51633 ν24 = 64.1 r34 = -29.47 d34 = 5.14 r35 = 22.34 d35 = 2.65 N25 = 1.57135 ν25 =P 53.0 r36 = -11.90 d36 = 1.05 N26 = 1.74077 ν26 = 27.8 r37 = -153.09 d37 = 15.30Q r38 = 1.0 d38 = 0.0______________________________________ Shortest Middle Longest Focal Length Focal Length Focal Length Position Position Position______________________________________Angular 0.52 1.41 2.48Magnification______________________________________
For its state of correction of the various aberrations over the zooming range, the photographic optical system in this example has spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion and lateral aberration illustrated in FIGS. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c), while those of the finder optical system are illustrated in FIGS. 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c). For note, in FIGS. 5 and 6, (a) is when in the shortest focal length position, (b) when in the intermediate focal length position and (c) when in the longest focal length position. Also S is the sagittal image surface and M is the meridional image surface.
An example of specific extenders for the photographic and finder optical systems are shown in FIG. 4(b) and indicated at R and S respectively. In the finder optical system with inclusion of the extender S, an enlarged image is focused on the second plane P2. In this example, the extender R is situated in a space between the front and rear parts F and G of the relay lens, and the extender S in a space between two components of the erector lens L. The numerical data in accordance with which the extenders R and S can be constructed are listed in Tables 3 and 4 respectively with the symbols having the same meanings as those of Tables 1 and 2 have.
TABLE 3______________________________________R20 = D20 = 0.7R21 = 12.23 D21 = 3.93 N21 = 1.58913 ν21 = 61.0R22 = -55.18 D22 = 0.70 N22 = 1.80518 ν22 = 25.4R23 = 2376.61 D23 = 1.52R24 = 10.34 D24 = 2.06 N23 = 1.88300 ν23 = 40.8R25 = 7.00 D25 = 2.67R26 -17.23 D26 = 1.45 N24 = 1.80518 ν24 = 25.4R27 = -14.39 D27 = 0.53 N25 = 1.65160 ν25 = 58.6R28 = 6.78 D28 = 2.44______________________________________ Shortest Intermediate Longest Focal Length Focal Length Focal Length______________________________________f = 26.68 72.05 126.76______________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________r24 = d24 = 1.90r25 = 19.15 d25 = 2.00 N25 = 1.53256 ν25 = 45.9r26 = -94.21 d26 = 6.00r27 = -6.55 d27 = 0.70 N26 = 1.74400 ν26 = 44.7r28 = -6.74 d28 = 7.40r29 = -18.13 d29 = 0.50 N27 = 1.80610 ν27 = 40.9r30 = 24.43 d30 = 2.00______________________________________ Shortest Intermediate Longest Focal Length Focal Length Focal Length Position Position Position______________________________________Angular 1.04 2.82 4.97Magnification______________________________________
When, these extenders R and S are included in the photographic and finder optical systems, the various aberrations, namely, spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion and lateral aberrations of the resultant systems in the wide angle, middle and telephoto positions are shown in FIGS. 7(a), 7(b) and 7(c) and FIGS. 8(a), 8(b) and 8(c) respectively.
As has been described in greater detail above, according to the present invention, for the camera having the photographic optical system with an extender upon attachment at either the rear or an intermediate space thereof to change the focal length of the photographic optical system, the possibility of correcting the field of view of the finder rightly in response to change of the focal length of the photographic optical system can be realized. According to the present invention, it is also made possible to achieve the realization of the camera having such capabilities without involving an unduly large increase in the bulk and size and weight.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 12, 1970
|May 30, 1972
|Bosch Photokino Gmbh
|Motion picture camera with zoom lens
|May 2, 1972
|Jun 12, 1973
|Agfa Gevaert Ag
|Photographic apparatus with through-the-lens view finder
|Sep 11, 1974
|Oct 21, 1975
|Canon Kk
|Camera system, especially motion picture camera system with interchangeable lenses
|Feb 24, 1975
|Dec 28, 1976
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Optical instrument with a zoom lens structure
|Aug 8, 1975
|Feb 7, 1978
|Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
|Focus adjustment and determination means
|Dec 15, 1981
|Feb 21, 1984
|Victor Company Of Japan, Limited
|Single-lens reflex type viewfinder and method of adjusting the same
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 28, 1985
|Oct 21, 1986
|Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.
|Finder optical system for cameras
|Feb 12, 1986
|Nov 17, 1987
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Optical system of variable magnification
|Sep 8, 1988
|Mar 20, 1990
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Finder optical system
|Nov 4, 1994
|Oct 17, 1995
|Nikon Corporation
|Camera having improved positioning of a variable aperture
|Aug 26, 1997
|Feb 26, 2002
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Motion correction device for moving images
|Dec 21, 1999
|Apr 29, 2003
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Dual channel optical imaging system
|Sep 11, 2006
|Apr 28, 2009
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Automatic focusing apparatus and optical instrument including automatic focusing apparatus
|Sep 11, 2006
|Mar 15, 2007
|Takashi Kato
|Automatic focusing apparatus and optical instrument including automatic focusing apparatus
|U.S. Classification
|396/73, 348/341, 396/385
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 23, 1984
Owner name: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, 3-30-2, SHIMOMARUKO, OHTA-
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:TANAKA, KAZUO;TSUJI, SADAHIKO;REEL/FRAME:004264/0628
Effective date: 19840511
Owner name: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA,JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TANAKA, KAZUO;TSUJI, SADAHIKO;REEL/FRAME:004264/0628
Effective date: 19840511
|Jul 29, 1986
|Certificate of correction
|Apr 10, 1989
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 1, 1993
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Apr 1, 1997
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Eco-friendly bamboo personalized pen and mobile phone holder
US $4.72-5.35 / Pieces
200 Pieces (Min. Order)
Mobile Phone Use and Electric Type usb charger pcb wall charg...
US $0.1-1.5 / Piece
2 Pieces (Min. Order)
Hot! silicone smart pants for mobile phone
US $0.18-0.23 / Piece
1000 Pieces (Min. Order)
big keyboard mobile phone for elderly
US $0.31-0.6 / Piece
1000 Pieces (Min. Order)
smallest portable charger power bank with led light for cell...
US $2-3 / Piece
3000 Pieces (Min. Order)
Haven't found the right supplier yet ?
1 request,multiple quotations
1-click quotation comparison
OEM,ODM & multi-category buying
Want product and industry knowledge ?
Trade Alert
Trade Alerts are FREE updates on topics such as trending hot products, buying requests and supplier information - sent directly to your email inbox!
Do you want to show or other products of your own company? Display your Products FREE now!
Product Features
Supplier Features
Supplier by Area
Suppliers by Country/Region
Supplier Types
Recommendation for you

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Restaurants in Albuquerque, Santa Fe and Northern New Mexico, searchable by cuisine and location, with ratings and reviews. Get educated before you eat!
San Francisco St. Bar & Grill
(505) 982-2044www.santafebargrill.com
Cuisine: New Mexican
San Francisco St. Bar & GrillStuffed atop a gaggle of galleries, San Francisco St. Bar & Grill stares down onto Santa Fe's famous plaza from a large, lofty perch above Häagen-Dazs. Make sure to snag a table by the huge windows for a bird's eye view of Texas tourists while you enjoy one of San Francisco St.'s famous hamburgers and a Silver Coin 'rita. This is the ideal Downtown Santa Fe eatery if you're in the mood for something a little less New Mexican (though you'll still find enchiladas on the menu) and there are options for everyone—vegetarians, too. (Alibi Staff, August 11, 2010)
Today's Events
Twin Peaks • indie rock • Ne-Hi • psychedelic at Launchpad
Life Drawing at Duel Brewing
Summer Reading Concert at Alamosa LibraryMore Recommended Events ››
Kombat Kitty @ Barley Rm • 7.1.2016
home | feature | news | film | music | art | food | classifieds | personals | staff | lo-fi | search
© 1996-2016 Weekly Alibi firstname.lastname@example.com
View mobile version


text:
Contra Costa deputy resigns as teen names him in sex scandal
Tesla driver killed in crash while using car's 'Autopilot'
10-bedroom SF mansion offers nightmarish hug-based communal...
Obama to replace coin that robber took from park ranger, 94
Video shows Mexican model's night out with friends before she...
BART welcomes a new kind of train
Living in a liquefaction zone — Bay Area's riskiest...
Teen in police sex-abuse scandal reports sex with 3 SFPD officers
Teen details police sex abuse scandal: 'Hurry up and turn 18'
Video: Man evades police on go-kart on California highway as...
Posts filtered on Category
Miguel arrested for DUI
Singer Miguel has been arrested and charged with DUI.
The "Adorn" singer, full name Miguel Jontel Pimentel, was pulled over in Los Angeles in the early hours of Thursday for allegedly speeding and having tinted windows on his car.
During the stop, police officers claim to have noticed the smell of alcohol and the singer reportedly failed a series of field sobriety tests.
He was taken into custody and booked for driving under the influence, before being released on $5,000 bail a few hours later.
A court date has been scheduled for September, according to TMZ.com.
Miguel smashes into fans during energetic performance
R&B star Miguel shocked the audience at the 2013 Billboard Music Awards on Sunday when he kicked two female revelers in the head as he performed a leap across the stage.
The Grammy Award winner was one of the acts entertaining the star-studded crowd at the MGM Grand Garden Arena ceremony in Las Vegas, and was performing his song "Adorn" when he attempted to jump across a small number of dancing fans in front of the stage.
As he landed on a runway, his legs caught two unfortunate females, with one girl getting a kick to the head and another having her face crushed against the flooring.
Miguel continued with the track, but he later made amends for his misstep by befriending one of the girls backstage.
He tells Billboard, "Well, I think it's kind of clear what happened. But I'm very happy to bring my new friend, Khyati, we just met. Unfortunately we did not meet under the best circumstances, but I think we're OK. The crazy thing is, when you're performing and you're just kind of into it, you never know where it's gonna go and where you're gonna go with it, and how that might turn out. So this is one of the less favorable moments. (I) got caught up in the moment, thank goodness Khyati is OK."


text:
Madonna Announces Collaboration With Avicii
Madonna dropped a major hint on Instagram about her new music. The pop queen is working with Swedish DJ Avicii who got popular for his recent hits "Wake Me Up" and "Hey Brother".
"Doing some house work before heading to the studio with Avicci! (sic)," the 50-year-old superstar captioned a photo on Friday, March 7. She later corrected her mistake, writing, "Doing some house work after 4 hours of sleep which is why i cant spell! On my way to the studio to work with Avicii! #clean."
It most likely means Madonna is returning to club music like in her 2005 album "Confessions on a Dance Floor". She had R 'n' B vibe in 2008's "Hard Candy" as well as 2012's "MDNA". For Avicii, this would be his first collaboration with a major artist in United States.
Madonna confirmed back in February that she was working on her thirteenth studio album. "Yes, plans are in the works already," she told The Canadian Press. "Don't ask me with who - it's a secret. Top secret."
More Madonna News
- Steven Tyler Confirms Aerosmith's 2017 Farewell Tour
- 'Rogue One' Releases More New Photos. Also Get Detail of Mon Mothma's Bigger Role
- Taylor Swift Flies to U.K. to Meet Tom Hiddleston's Mom. See Picture of Their Happy Outing
- 'Game of Thrones' Season Finale Won't Slow Down the Pace, People Will Die
- Audrina Patridge and Fiance Welcome Baby Girl Kirra Max
- Getting Married? Tyga Calls Kylie Jenner His 'Wifey'
- Christina Aguilera Performs 'Change' on 'Jimmy Kimmel Live!' to Support Orlando
- Justin Bieber's Music Video Vixen Xenia Deli, 26, Marries 62-Year-Old Man in Lavish Wedding


text:
- AP reporter's terrifying trip on 1,000-foot-high glass slide
LOS ANGELES (AP) — I've jumped out of a plane from 13,000 feet. I've ridden 400-foot-tall roller coasters that top speeds of 100 mph, and I once found myself using my fingernails to clutch the side of a rock face way too steep to climb without gear.
- Court bites back, exonerates Michigan TV vet who saved dog
DETROIT (AP) — A Boston terrier named Mr. Pigglesworth is as frisky as ever — and the Michigan veterinarian who saved the dog's life on a reality TV show has been cleared of misconduct.
- Blind dog with oozing sore wins World's Ugliest Dog contest
PETALUMA, Calif. (AP) — A 17-year-old Chinese Crested Chihuahua with legs bowed out like a frog and an oozing sore is the winner of this year's World's Ugliest Dog contest.
- Texas city council votes to oust library cat
WHITE SETTLEMENT, Texas (AP) — A North Texas city council has started a cat fight by voting to oust the furry mascot of the city's public library.
- Wife of nation's lowest-paid governor takes waitressing job
BOOTHBAY HARBOR, Maine (AP) — The waitress bounded with a cup of chowder and a plate of fish and broccoli.
- After ad, dad interviews potential wives for 48-year-old son
COEUR D'ALENE, Idaho (AP) — The father of a Salt Lake City businessman is setting up interviews for women interested in marrying his 48-year-old son, nearly a week after taking out a newspaper ad announcing the search.
- Eatery has duck on menu and ducklings jumping off its roof
ASBURY PARK, N.J. (AP) — One New Jersey restaurant has duck on its menu and ducklings jumping off its roof.
- 2 charged with racking up $30,000 in unpaid tolls combined
FORT LEE, N.J. (AP) — Authorities say they've nabbed two New Jersey residents who have racked up about $30,000 in unpaid tolls combined.
- Stop hanging up on governor, Pennsylvania employees are told
HARRISBURG, Pa. (AP) — The Pennsylvania governor's personal touch doesn't always get him very far.
- Texas woman has foreign accent syndrome after jaw surgery
HOUSTON (AP) — A Houston-area woman's accent sounds completely different since she underwent jaw surgery in December, and doctors say she might have a neurological condition called foreign accent syndrome.
Odd News


text:
Ashley Terrell Presents Her New BookJuly 16, 2016 from 3pm to 4:30pm
Carrie Highley's MemoirJuly 15, 2016 from 6:30pm to 8pm
Meditations For Moms and DadsJuly 9, 2016 from 3pm to 4:30pm
New book with WNC connection:
Colony Collapse Disorder by Keith Flynn (Wings Press trade paper, February 2013, 120 pages, $16.00).
Author events: 6:30 p.m., Fri., Apr. 5, 2013 at City Lights Bookstore;
7 p.m., Sat., Apr. 6, 2013 at Malaprop's Bookstore & Café;
Sat., Apr. 20, 2013 at Blue Ridge Books, time TBA.
Poetry collection by the founder and editor of the Asheville Poetry Review that focuses on specific places, cities, countries, and regions to paint a picture of history and contemporary culture; see author website.
Views: 41


text:
Mix: iPhone nano?, Noreve Diamond, Foxconn, iPhone Russia
United Kingdom-based newspaper The Daily Mail reports that Apple plans to release a "nano" version of the iPhone in time for the holiday season. The report, which cites only one anonymous industry source, suggests the product would be aimed at pay-as-you-go customers that might find the iPhone 3G too expensive.
Noreve has introduced its new Diamond Leather Case for the iPhone 3G (pictured). The simple sleeve-style case is adorned with 272 diamonds with a total weight of 6.8 karats, and also features soft interior lining and access to the phone's headphone jack and power button. The Noreve Diamond Leather Case for iPhone 3G is available now and sells for 9,990€ (~$15,570).
Foxconn, the Taiwanese electronics manufacturer that builds the iPhone 3G for Apple, has ramped up production of the handset to 800,000 units per week, according to TechCrunch. Citing a source close to Apple with direct knowledge of the numbers, TechCrunch reports that the number is "above current full capacity," and there may be concerns with quality control given that fact. The report goes on to state that Foxconn is now producing iPhones at a rate of 40 million units per year, more than early estimates of demand for 25 million iPhone 3G's over the product's life cycle.
Apple will begin selling the iPhone 3G in Russia in 2009, according to a new report. Citing Russian publication Vedomosti, Kommersant reports that Pyotr Semenov, Sales Director for official Apple retailer Maczone, claimed that the iPhone would be available in the country after the new year. The report also states that Russian carriers MTS, VimpelCom and MegaFon all confirmed that they were in negotiations with Apple over the iPhone, although the publication's unnamed sources did not expect any one of the three to receive exclusive rights.
Related Stories
Woops! Looks like iLounge mistook The Daily Mail for a real newspaper. Their so called attempt at 'journalism' couldn't be more bullshit if they tried.
Posted by greenie on August 4, 2008 at 3:25 PM (CDT)
That was very similar to what I was thinking. I'm not British, but I know better than to trust the Daily Mail.
Posted by Eric on August 4, 2008 at 4:31 PM (CDT)
Recent News
- Apple's UK tax bill under scrutiny
- Apple lays out 'differential privacy' plan for data collection
- Report: New iPhone's space gray to be 'much darker color'
- Incipio to acquire Skullcandy
- Apple confirms iOS 10 kernel was left open to improve performance
- Apple leaves iOS 10 kernel open to scrutiny
- Judge throws out 'Error 53' lawsuit against Apple
- Chinese company in iPhone patent fight is all but defunct
- Apple adds nine more apps to universal search in Apple TV
- WSJ: iPhone to see modest changes this year, eliminate headphone jack
Recent Reviews
- Phiaton BT 460 Wireless Bluetooth Headphones
- Zagg Slim Book for 9.7" iPad Pro
- Element Case Ronin for iPhone 6/6s
- JBL Clip 2 Wireless Bluetooth Speaker
- Audio-Technica ATH-SR5BT Wireless On-Ear Headphones
- Catalyst Case for iPad mini 4
- Jaybird Freedom Wireless Bluetooth Headphones
- Zagg Flex Arc Wireless Earbuds + Speakers
- Audio-Technica ATH-MSR7NC SonicPro Headphones with Active Noise Cancellation
- Twelve South BookBook for 12.9" iPad Pro
Recent Articles
- Inside the betas: iOS 10 Photos gets Advanced Computer Vision
- Inside the betas: iOS 10 Music app delivers 'clarity and simplicity'
- Inside the betas: iOS 10 Maps gets a major redesign
- Inside the betas: iOS 10 shakes up the user experience
- Inside the betas: watchOS 3 promises a real speed boost
- Inside the betas: A sneak peek at what's new in tvOS 10
- Filling the Gap: A look at third-party HomeKit apps
- Instant Expert: Secrets & Features of tvOS 9.2
- Instant Expert: Secrets & Features of iOS 9.3
- Opinion: Why Apple needs a dedicated HomeKit app


text:
Tara Collins similar galleries
Two blondie sluts is having..
15, 2895, 5 years
In this free sex movie you can see how two blondie girls satisfy each..
Laurie Ann Summers and Tiffany..
12, 2414, 6 years
Hot coeds Laurie Ann Summers and Tiffany fucking after classes.
Kyla Fox and Laura Crystal in..
16, 2726, 6 years
Sexy babes Kyla Fox and Laura Crystal in great lesbian fuck
BDSM chick enjoying fucking..
02:00, 3486, 6 years
Fresh bdsm babe enjoying hard bondage games
PornStar Kaitlyn Ashley feeds..
05:00, 3027, 4 years
PornStar Kaitlyn Ashley feeds her Mouth with a throbbing jock she reAlly..
Cute young slut Tight Kacey..
02:00, 7733, 5 years
Beautiful Tight Kacey plays with a huge dick in the xxx video, massaging..
Bailey sucking cock near the..
1, 9, 2663, 7 years
Slutty babe Bailey sucking dick
Girl next door fucked hard..
14, 3420, 5 years
Girl next door fucked hard during massage
Fat fingerfucking
03:00, 4033, 4 years
See chubby Blondie, Melinda Shy get down and dirty as she Pleasures her..
Busty Mature Babe Takes..
06:57, 5462, 5 years
Busty Mature Babe Takes Surprise Fucking
Breasty wench Tina Cheri..
05:00, 2502, 5 years
Breasty wench Tina Cheri widens her juicy Moist lips round a thick..
Living room milf ramming
03:00, 2550, 4 years
When Ashley anderson is feeling horny, she just visits her sexy neighbor..
- Hot Trisha Bangs and her butt 1 video
- Babe enjoying huge cocks Streaming 02:00
- Shameless porn model Shawnie 16 pictures
- Lola Lee sucking black shaft 16 pictures
- Bigtitted plumpy Milf Tiffany Blake screws Stud Out By A Pool Streaming 02:05
- Anal sex with Liliana Ferri 1 video, 9 pictures
- Liz Tyler opened 16 pictures
- Lesbo scene Dorina Golden and Cindy Hope Streaming 02:00
- Check those euro girls taking the knob hard. Streaming 04:00
- Busty babe Alexis Tyler 16 pictures
- Jackie Avalon and Samantha St. James in lesbian fucking Streaming 02:00
- Sex vidoes hardcore free Streaming 05:05
- Schoolgirl Ashley Sage Ellison Streaming 01:51
- Danica Thrall likes to reveal her perfect huge boobs 15 pictures
- Nicole Ray swaps cum 16 pictures
- Sabrina Wolf in bondage sex Streaming 02:00
- Free stories of married women getting forced to fuck other guys Streaming 05:17
- Lesbians get fucked by lesbians with strap on Streaming 02:00
- Savannah Stern - v2 Streaming 00:30
- Girl in blowjob action 16 pictures
- Puma Swede and Alexia Moore having wet inside The tub 18 pictures
- Malia Kelly deep sucking diva 16 pictures
- Blond babe sucking 16 pictures
- RubATeen European redhead hairy twat teenager Avina massage porn Streaming 08:13
- Smut movs hot sexy blondes pussies shaged 22 pictures
- Pornstar Sunny Lane having sex in public 15 pictures
- Cindy Crawford fucking in the group 16 pictures
- Nasty girlfriend Vega Vixen pLeases a lesBian guy's Avid fur pie Streaming 05:00
- Foreign Assets Streaming 03:15


text:
Public health researchers track transformative period of Kentucky health policy
Health care insurance coverage remains a contested policy issue in Kentucky years after the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
Health care insurance coverage remains a contested policy issue in Kentucky years after the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
For-profit medical schools are starting to pop up around the country, promising to create new family doctors for underserved rural regions.
Americans spent $30.2 billion—$28.3 billion for adults and $1.9 billion for children—out-of-pocket on complementary health approaches, according to a nationwide survey. These approaches include a group of diverse medical ...
A mobile app improved knowledge and skills in neonatal resuscitation in health care workers in Ethiopia but it did not significantly reduce perinatal mortality, according to the results of a randomized clinical trial published ...
Refugees fleeing war and conflict find shelter but little solace in camps erected to house them, according to Richard Mollica, who heads the Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma (HPRT).
(HealthDay)—Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders is promoting his version of single-payer health care, although the actual impact of such a system is unclear, according to a report published in Medical Economics.
2015 was an unprecedented year in the recognition of transgender rights in some high-income countries. However, as a new Series published in The Lancet today reveals, public recognition has yet to translate to a concerted ...
Return on investment in county public health departments in California exceeds return on investment in many other areas of medical care, according to a new study by a University of California, Berkeley economist.
(HealthDay)—People with poorly controlled risk factors for heart disease could cut their chances of future trouble by having pharmacists help manage their care, new Canadian research suggests.
Katrina. Nepal. Sandy Hook. The Boston Marathon. The World Trade Center. Orlando. All are synonymous with tragic loss, inexplicable catastrophe and an overwhelming sense of vulnerability. All, large-scale traumatic events—some ...
Health care, or healthcare, refers to the treatment and management of illness, and the preservation of health through services offered by the medical, dental, pharmaceutical, clinical laboratory sciences (in vitro diagnostics), nursing, and allied health professions. Health care embraces all the goods and services designed to promote health, including "preventive, curative and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to populations".
Before the term health care became popular, English-speakers referred to medicine or to the health sector and spoke of the treatment and prevention of illness and disease.
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA
Subscribe to rss feed


text:
Widespread Adoption of Biomarkers Has Been...
Peptide Drugs Are Not Only Diverse...
To Conduct Cellular Censuses Sequence Deeply...
Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Has Two Dimensions,...
I would not normally review an app that is mainly a product catalog, but the Aldrich Handbook of Fine Chemicals is not simply a product catalog to biologists and chemists. In many instances, it is the beginning of a new research project (the so-called "Sigma screen"). And boy is it nice to have that heavy tome in iPad form. The homescreen has two viewing options: users can either view chemical structures in a grid pattern, alphabetically arranged (much akin to the catalog format), or they can display the chemical names and chemical compositions in a list on the left side of the screen. This second option leaves the right side of the screen free to display the menu for the other features of the app, which include a periodic table, a metric conversion chart, fundamental physical constants, and a particle size conversion chart, among others.
To save this item to your Favorites,
log into GEN Select.
We'll be sure to take you back here after you do.
Not a member of GEN Select?
To comment on this article,
log into GEN Select.
We'll be sure to take you back here after you do.
*The opinions expressed are solely those of the author(s) and should not be construed as reflecting the viewpoints of the publisher, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., the publishing house, or employees and affiliates thereof.
Do you agree that pharmacists should make a greater effort to become more involved with prescription drug-monitoring programs?
Be sure to add [email protected]
to your Address Book or Safe Senders List.
here for instructions.
If you have any questions about your subscription, click
here to email us or call at (914) 740-2189.
You may also be interested in subscribing to the GEN magazine, an indispensable
resource for everyone involved in the business of translating discoveries at the
bench into solutions that fight disease and improve health, agriculture, and the
environment. Subscribe
today to see why over 60,000 biotech professionals read GEN to
keep current in the areas of genomics, proteomics, drug discovery, biomarker discovery,
bioprocessing, molecular diagnostics, collaborations, biotech business trends, and
© 2016 Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News All Rights Reserved


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 2004
|Filing date
|Oct 28, 1999
|Priority date
|Oct 28, 1999
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Stephan E. Gavit, K. John Stahl
|Original Assignee
|Segway Systems, Llc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (15), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (15), Classifications (14), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention is generally directed to tape transport apparatus of the type employed in the data storage industry. More particularly, however, the present invention is directed to air bearings used with such tape transport apparatus which are operative to support a tape on a cushion of air as it is transported through the apparatus, especially across a read/write transducer.
The advent of the information age has seen an exponential growth in the accumulation and storage of data both for on-line usage as well as for archival purposes. In the early days of the computer, before the advent of magnetic disk and optical storage assemblies, data was typically stored on magnetic tapes, such as reel-to-reel tapes and later cassettes. In a magnetic tape storage device, a magnetic coil is used as a transducer to imprint data magnetically on a moving band of magnetic film; thereafter, when the film is advanced across the transducer, the data may be read and re-input into the processor. Magnetic tape has an advantage in that it is relatively low cost and can be erased and rewritten many times. In addition to the medium of magnetic tape, other tape storage media have been developed or are possible. For example, laser written optical tapes may be employed in an effort to increase the density of data stored on the medium.
Magnetic tape is still a highly desirable format for archiving data where the ability to rapidly access the data is of less significance and cost is of concern. The accessibility of data is a function of two variables, the density of storage and the speed at which the tape medium may be transported across and accurately read by the transducer. Here, also, it is important that a lateral edge of the tape be properly registered along a reference plane, called the datum, so that the data may be accurately interpreted.
In any event, where a tape medium is physically moved in a transport direction through a tape transport apparatus, it is necessary both to support the tape during transport and to hold a lateral edge thereof against the datum. Contact of the tape medium with the mechanical parts of the apparatus should be minimized, however, since physical contact between the tape and a mechanical part can cause abrasion of the tape surface or otherwise damage the tape. The elimination of contact is especially important where the tape is under a load at the place of contact. Such abrasions or damage can violate the integrity of the data stored thereon and can sometimes damage parts of the drive mechanism. Thus, it is common to employ a plurality of air bearings in order to support the tape in order to reduce or eliminate friction and contact.
A typical air bearing is in the form of a plenum chamber that has a polished metal bearing surface through which a plurality of ports are drilled. These ports, which are typically on the order of 0.006 to 0.020 inches in diameter, extend as a matrix over the bearing surface and communicate with the interior of the plenum. The plenum may be then pressurized with air which escapes through the ports thereby providing jets of air which form an air cushion to support the tape medium as it travels across the bearing surface. While this type of air bearing is functional, it is not without its disadvantages. First, the manufacture of such air bearings is quite expensive since each of the bearing surface ports is individually, drilled. Thus, for example, over a surface area of 1.5 to 3.0 square inches, it is not uncommon to drill 50 to 200 individual ports having this extremely small diameter. Not only is such drilling time consuming, the extremely small size of the drill bits lead to breakage of the bits. Accordingly, there is a relatively high scrap rate for the air bearings since a broken drill bit may become lodged in a port during the drilling process.
Even where a successful air bearing is formed of this type, it has a relatively limited openness since only approximately 0.1% of the surface is open due to the ports. Therefore, in order to provide sufficient air cushioning force, to resist the tension on the tape as it is transported, the plenum chambers must be maintained at a sufficient pressure, typically on the order of 1.0 to 12.0 psi. Due to compression of the air, heat is generated which heat must be dissipated; otherwise there is a risk of thermal damage to the tape.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,777,823 issued Jul. 7, 1998 to Gavit, one of the inventors of the present invention, a tape transport apparatus is described. The transport in the '823 Patent uses an air bearing member which has at least a portion of which is fabricated out of a porous material that allows pressurized air to pass therethrough to produce a relatively uniform cushion of air on which a tape may ride. As described in the '823 Patent, the air bearing was formed as a housing having an air inlet adapted to be connected to an air source. The housing and the air bearing member are configured to form a plenum chamber having an interior in fluid communication with the air inlet. Alumina was described as the preferred construction of the porous material.
While the air bearing described in the '823 Patent constitutes a substantial improvement over drilled polished metal air bearings, the construction described therein had some fabrication disadvantages due to the need to seal the porous material at areas where air flow is not desired. Moreover, the mounting of the porous bearing in the metal housing creates some difficulties in mass production. Finally, like other air bearings of the drilled, polished metal type, this air bearing had undesirable variations in the wrap angle for a tape moving off of the portion of the air bearing remote from the recording head and onto a respective take-up or supply reel. This variable wrap angle was known to be a lesser problem for non-air bearing transportation systems utilizing small diameter rollers. These systems, though, have a substantial disadvantage in that the inertia of the rollers are a limiting factor in the rapid acceleration and deceleration of the tape medium; in addition, there is the likelihood of more contact between the tape and the transport rollers.
As noted above, it is also necessary that one lateral edge of the tape be held against the datum so that data may be accurately read or written by the transducer. In the past, this technique has been accomplished by the use of a plurality of spring fingers which carry, at their distal ends, lubricous buttons which bear against a second lateral side edge of the tape, opposite the first lateral edge which is to be held against the datum. While this technique of physically biasing the tape against the datum has been successful, it still leads to undesired contact of the tape medium as it is transported at high speeds across the air bearing. This can cause excessive friction, and the mechanical biasing of the tape can cause damage to the tape edge. Moreover, the tape edge can eventually create undesired grooving of the buttons. In the '823 Patent, the biasing of the lateral edge of the tape against the datum was alternatively accomplished by angling the bearing surface to the datum or by the conventional spring fingers.
Also, in air bearing systems, there are always two locations, i.e., at the opposite ends of the bearing surface, where the tape approaches and departs the bearing. At these locations, the flying height of the tape, that is, the separation distance between the tape and the bearing surface is less at the edges than at the fully wrapped region between the ends. In this fully wrapped region, the pressurized air can escape only at the tape edges. At the departure locations, pressurized air will escape as well. Since there is a loss of support from the air film at these locations as the positive pressure reduces to ambient, tape debris can often accumulate and possibly damage the recording medium. Such debris may also clog the pores of the traditional drilled air bearing. Such problems are exacerbated by the rapid advancement of the tape off of the bearing as the moving tape drags the air forming the cushion off of the bearing surface.
Accordingly, there remains a need for improved tape transport apparatus and, more particularly, for improved air bearings which can support a tape medium during rapid transport through such an apparatus. There is also a need for air bearings that eliminate the disadvantages attendant the individual drilling of ports through the bearing surface in order to provide air jets to form an air cushion that supports the tape. The present invention is directed to meeting these needs.
An object of the present invention is to provide a tape transport apparatus incorporating improved air bearings therefore which air bearings are constructed to provide an air cushion that supports a taped medium during transport.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an air bearing that reduces problems associated with variance of the wrap angle of the tape near the supply cartridge and near the take-up reel.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide porous air bearings that have better datum tracking capabilities.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a porous air bearing for tape transport systems that eliminates disadvantages of initial air build-up as well as departure tape sag.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a new and useful method of fabricating porous air bearings which method is simple and economical.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing porous air bearings that provides a simplified sealing technique for surfaces through which air is not desired to pass.
According to the present invention, then, an air bearing system and a tape transport apparatus utilizing such air bearing system is provided. The air bearing system is adapted to support a tape on a cushion of air as the tape is transported in a transport direction thereacross. In its broad form, the air bearing system includes a air bearing member that has an air bearing surface with a first surface portion and a second surface portion. A source of pressurized air communicates with the air bearing member. The air bearing member is constructed such that air escapes through the first surface portion at a greater pressure than air that escapes through the second surface portion.
The air bearing system according to one embodiment of the invention includes a plenum associated with the air bearing member with this plenum being in communication with the source of pressurized air. The air bearing member then has a wall with one surface thereof in fluid communication with the plenum and an opposite surface thereof defining the air bearing surface. This wall is fabricated out of a porous material. A first portion of the wall underlying the first surface portion of the bearing member is thinner than a second portion of the wall underlying the second surface portion. Preferably the first surface portion is formed at a first radius of curvature and the second surface portion is formed at a second radius of curvature that is larger than the first radius of curvature. This results in an arcuate air bearing surface that has a dual radius of curvature. The first surface portion may extend for approximately 45 degrees of arc while the second surface portion can extend also for about 45 degrees of arc.
Alternatively, the air bearing member can include separate first and second plenums with the first plenum being associated with a first surface portion and a second plenum being associated with the second surface portion. The first and second plenums may be separated by a dividing wall of porous material so that a single source of pressurized air may be directly connected to the first plenum to supply air at the first pressure with the second plenum then being pressurized by air passing from the first plenum into the second plenum through the dividing wall. This dividing wall is fabricated of a porous material selected from a group consisting of ceramics, metals and composite materials. Alternatively, separate and distinct first and second plenums may be provided with the source of pressurized air including distinct first and second air supplies having different pressures so that one air supply is in fluid communication with the first plenum and a second air supply is in fluid communication with the second plenum.
The air bearings according to the invention may include a rib disposed at one or both ends of the air bearing surface. Such rib extends transversely across the air bearing surface and extends upwardly from the air bearing surface selected distance in order to resist flow of air across the rib as the tape moves thereover. These ribs may have an upper curved surface or a flat surface, with the latter being preferred. In either event, such ribs act as dams to prevent leakage and the drag off of air as the tape advances onto and off of the air bearing surface.
Moreover, the air bearings of the present invention include a datum face operative to define a guide surface for first lateral edge of the tape. The datum face is oriented in a datum plane that is parallel to the transport direction. Here, the air bearing surface is oriented at large acute angle with respect to the datum face with this angle being within a range of 70 degrees to just slightly less than 90 degrees, but preferably about 88.8 to 89.3 degrees.
The present invention also is directed to a tape transport apparatus that transports a tape in a tape drive in a reversible transport direction between a supply reel and a take up reel across a recording head. The tape transport apparatus includes a first air bearing member disposed on one transport side of the recording head and a second air bearing member disposed on another transport side of the recording head. Each of the first and second air bearing members then includes an air bearing surface having a first portion formed at a first radius of curvature located proximate to the respective supply and take up reels and a second surface portion formed at a second radius curvature located proximate to the recording head. The first radius of curvature is smaller then the second radius of curvature. Each of the air bearing members are constructed so that air will pass through the first and second surface portions to produce of cushion of air on which the tape may ride. A source of pressurized air is in communication with the first and second air bearing members with the first and second air bearing members constructed such that air escapes through the first surface portion at a greater pressure than air that escapes through the second surface portion.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more readily appreciated and understood from a consideration of the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention when taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified top plan view of a tape transport apparatus incorporating the improved air bearings of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an air bearing according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken about lines 3—3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken about lines 4—4 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a front view in elevation showing a first alternate embodiment of an air bearing according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken about lines 6—6 of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 4, showing a second exemplary embodiment of an air bearing unit according to the present invention:
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the air bearing unit according to a third exemplary embodiment of an air bearing according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view showing the porous air bearing body according to the third alternative embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a top plan view, similar to FIG. 9, showing the assembled air bearing unit of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken about lines 11—11 of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12(a) is a diagrammatic view in cross-section, showing the relative angle of the air bearing surface to the datum along with the drill angle of the air supply bores according to the present invention;
FIG. 12(b) is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 12(a), showing a first alternative drilling of the air supply bore according to the present invention;
FIG. 12(c) is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b), showing a second alternative arrangement of the air supply bores according to the present invention;
FIG. 12(d) is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIGS. 12(a)-12(c), showing an alternative configuration of the air supply bores according to the present invention;
FIG. 13(a) is a diagrammatic view showing the tape sag at a departure location from an air bearing according to the prior arts;
FIG. 13(b) is a diagrammatic view showing the outrigger rib according to the present invention; and
FIG. 13(c) is a diagrammatic view showing an alternative outrigger rib according to the present invention.
The present invention is broadly directed to a tape transport apparatus used in the data storage industry. This tape transport apparatus is operative to transport the tape medium in a transport direction across a read/write transducer in order to either place or access data on a medium, such as a magnetic tape. While the present invention is described specifically with respect to magnetic tape media, it should be understood that the principles described herein may be employed with other tape media without restriction. Moreover, while the term "read/write transducer" or "recording head" is used, the same may refer to a write transducer, a read transducer or a transducer that is able to perform both reading and writing functions.
The present invention is particularly directed, however, to an air bearing unit that is connectable to a pressurized air source in order to provide a cushion of air along the bearing surface so that the tape medium may be supported on the cushion of air as it moves in the transport direction. An important aspect of this air bearing is that it employs a dual radius so as to accommodate departure variance angle of the tape medium that occurs when a supply or take-up reel is either at an extreme "near empty" condition or an extreme "near full" condition.
With reference, then, to FIG. 1, it may be see that a diagram of a representative tape transport apparatus 10 includes a read/write transducer 12, a cartridge supply reel 14, a take-up reel 16 and a motor drive 18. Motor 18 is operative to transport a tape 20 in a reversible tape drive direction "T". Tape 20 is supported from movement across transducer 12 by means of a pair of air bearings 22 and 24, described more thoroughly below. Pressurized air from air source 30 is supplied to air bearings 22 and 24, respectively, by conduits 26 and 28. Air source 30 can be of any type known in the art for providing pressurized air to the system.
A first representative air bearing 22 is shown in FIGS. 2-4. It should be understood that air bearing 24, in this first exemplary embodiment, is substantially a mirror image of air bearing 22, although it need not be such to implement the teachings of this invention. Thus, a description only of air bearing 22 is provided for simplicity. As is shown, then, in FIGS. 2-4, air bearing 22 includes an air bearing member in the form of a porous body 31 that has an upper wall 32 formed at a thickness "t1" and provides an upper air bearing surface 34 that includes a first surface portion 36 and a second surface portion 38. Porous body 31 includes a pair of sidewalls 42 and 44 that each downwardly depend from upper wall 32 at approximately a right angle thereto. A datum plate 40 is mounted to wall 42 and provides a datum 41 that projects upwardly to have a datum face 46 against which a first lateral edge 48 of tape 20 is to be guided. Datum wall 46 is oriented in a datum plane "D".
Porous body 31 is constructed of of any suitable porous material including, for example, ceramics, metals and composites, so long as the material is sufficiently open to permit passage of air in a quantity and at a flow rate that is able to create the air cushion. It is preferred that the porous material be in the range of between 0.01 and 0.06 in3/sec/in2/per PSI/in. This porous material may be sintered or non-sintered, depending upon its composition, and likewise may be impregnated with a selected adhesive to control porosity. Where metal is used, it should be non-magnetic if it is intended for use with magnetic tape media. The preferred porous material is an alumina silicate known as mullite such as that having a composition of three parts alumina to two parts silica. Datum plate 40 is preferably formed of a solid ceramic material, such as alumina.
An L-shaped support bracket 50 is secured to air bearing member 22. Bracket 50 has a lower plate portion 63 oriented along the lower edges of sidewalls 42 and 44 and a side plate portion 64 oriented alongside side wall 44. Lower plate portion 63 is arcuate in shape and extends generally parallel to air bearing surface 34. End plates 52 and 54 respectively seal the opposite ends of air bearing 22.
As is shown in FIG. 4, porous body 31 of air bearing 22 includes a barrier wall 56 which depends downwardly from upper wall 32 and which extends completely across between sidewalls 42 and 44. It should be understood that barrier wall 56 separates the interior of porous body 31 into a first plenum 58 and a second plenum 60. Moreover, it should be understood that upper wall 32, sidewalls 42 and 44 and barrier wall 56 are preferably integrally formed as a single piece of porous material. As noted above, this material allows pressurized air in plenum 58 and 60 to pass through upper wall 32 and out of bearing surface 34 in order to produce a cushion of air that supports tape 20 above air bearing surface 34 at a flying height "h" (FIG. 3). Typically, this flying height is desired to be on the order of 0.001-0.004 inches.
In order to seal sidewalls 42 and 44 against leakage of pressurized air, a suitable coating 62 is provided completely around the exterior of air bearing member 22 except along air bearing surface 34. This can be accomplished by entirely coating a molded air bearing member 22 with a suitable material, such as paint, epoxy or other suitable sealing film. Such film may be applied by techniques known in the art, for example, by a spray method or vacuum vapor deposition. This coating is then removed, either by self-suitable solvent or by machining along air bearing surface 34.
In order to introduce air into first and second plenums 58 and 60, side plate 64 of bracket 50 is mounted generally flush with sidewall 44 and, due to the presence of coating 62, it is not necessary to seal plate 64 against sidewall 44. Side plate 64 is provided with a nipple 66 that may be connected to a conduit, such as conduit 26, noted above, with this conduit communicating with the source of pressurized air 30. Nipple 66 also is in fluid communication with an opening 68 shown in phantom in FIG. 3, with opening 68 extending through sidewall 44 so that air can pass into plenum 58.
The purpose and function of barrier wall 56 can now be more fully appreciated. As was noted in the background of the invention, it is desirable to minimize the departure variance angle of tape 20 at the ends of each of bearings 22 and 24 that are proximate to the supply and take-up reels 14 and 16, respectively. That is, it is desired that the area of air bearings 22 and 24 located approximate to the supply and take-up reels be as small a radius of curvature as possible. Thus, air bearings 22 and 24 are provided with an air bearing surface 34 that has a first surface portion 36 formed at a relatively small radius of curvature "r1" in the region proximate to the supply and take-up reels and with a second surface portion 38 formed at a larger radius of curvature "r2" that terminates adjacent transducer 12. Thus, as is shown in FIG. 4, air bearing surface portion 36 is formed at a radius of curvature "r1" that is approximately 0.5 inch (1.27 cm) with this curvature extending for approximately 45� of arc. Second air bearing surface portion 38 is formed at a radius of curvature of "r2" that is approximately 2.0 inches (5.08 cm) and that also extends for approximately 45� of arc.
However, it should be understood that for a material of uniform porosity of uniform thickness, the flow characteristics of air through the material is described by the equation:
where φ=mass flow rate (lbm/sec)
ρ=air density (lbm/in3)
μ=bearing permeability (in4/lbf-sec)
P=applied plenum pressure (psi)
A=cross-sectional area through which air flows (in2) and
t=material thickness (in),
However, it is an object of the air bearing to float the tape at a constant or controlled distance, that is, "flying height", above the air bearing surface 34. The pressure which may be applied to float the tape is governed by the equation P=T/R where T is the tension per unit width of the tape and R is the radius of the wrap angle. Accordingly, where "r2" is four times "r1", it is necessary to pressurize first plenum 58 at four times the pressure of second plenum 60 in order to get a uniform fly height. This can be accomplished, naturally, by having separate pressure supplies for first and second plenums 58 and 60. However, it is also possible to accomplish the pressure differential by supplying from a single pressure source. For example, a single pressure source may be split into two pressure lines, with one pressure line supplying plenum 58 and the other pressure line supplying plenum 60. In such case, the pressure line supplying plenum 60 would be provided with a pressure reducing orifice so that the pressure in plenum 60 would be one-fourth the pressure in plenum 58.
The present invention, though, provides a more simplified procedure by supplying plenum 58 with pressurized air and separating plenum 58 from plenum 60 by porous barrier wall 56 that has a thickness "t2". Where the thickness of upper wall 32 is "t1" the thickness of "t2" of barrier wall 56 should be 3t1. Thus, pressurized air passing through air bearing portion 36 is four times the pressure of air passing through second surface portion 38 since air passes only through a single thickness "t1" associated with plenum 58 while air at the supplied pressure must pass through a thickness of "3t1" plus "t1" equals "4t1" to pass through the wall portion at second surface portion 38. Accordingly, where "r1" is one-fourth "r2", the pressure balances to provide a relatively uniform air cushion with a smaller wrapping radius at plenum 58.
With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, a second exemplary embodiment of a dual plenum chamber is shown here with the plenums having air supplied at different pressures. In FIGS. 5 and 6, then, air bearing 122 is shown and is in the form of a solid body 123 of porous material, as described above, molded as a unitary piece having an air bearing surface 134. A datum plate 140 is disposed on the bottom side of air bearing 122 and sandwiched between a mounting plate 141 and body 123. Datum plate 140 is formed of a solid ceramic material, carbide or other magnetic or non-magnetic material. A top plate 164 is disposed on the top side of body 123 and is provided with a pair of nipples 166 and 167. Gasket 165 is sandwiched between top plate 164 and body 123. Bolts 169 secure the assembly together.
With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, it may be seen that air bearing surface 134 is divided into a first surface portion 136 and second surface portion 138. Surface portion 136 is arcuate and formed along a radius of curvature "r1" similar to that described in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-4. Likewise, second surface portion 138 is formed at a radius of curvature "r2", which is four times larger than "r1" and also that is similar to that described with respect to the embodiment described above. Air bearing 122 has an effective upper wall 132 formed generally at a constant thickness "t1". This upper wall portion 132 is defined by a plurality of bores that are formed in body 123 of air bearing 122.
To this end, a first air supply bore 158 is drilled from top wall 142 generally parallel to first surface portion 136 and passes through body 123. A first supply port 188 penetrates bottom wall 144 and is in fluid communication with first air supply bore 158. Air supply bore 158 then defines a first plenum for air bearing 122. A plurality of second air supply bores 160 are drilled parallel to one another and to bore 158. As is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, eleven such air supply bores 160 are drilled from top wall 142 almost completely through body 123; however, only bore 160′ penetrates bottom wall 144 to provide a second supply port 190. The tangent to bores 160 and the tangent to bore 158 are equidistantly spaced from air bearing surface 134 so again it is necessary to supply bore 158 with pressure at four times the amount of pressure of air supply bores 160.
To this end, the mouths of air supply bores 160 at the top of the air bearing are in fluid communication with one another by a common manifold channel 170. Second air supply port 190 is in communication with passageway 194 formed through mounting plate 141 and an opening 145 in datum plate 140. Channel 170 is thus in fluid communication with nipple 167 by way of bore 160′. Nipple 166 of mounting plate 141 is in fluid communication with air supply bore 158 through passageway 192 in mounting plate 141 and opening 145 in datum plate 140.
A pressurized air supply 130 supplies pressured air directly through conduit 126 to nipple 166 and likewise supplies pressurized air through a four to one pressure reducing orifice 131 through conduit 127 to nipple 167. Thus, air supply bores 160 are at a pressure that is one-fourth the pressure of air supply bore 158. Since the wrap radius "r1" is one-fourth of the wrap radius "r2", a uniform cushion of air is provided for a tape moving over air bearing surface 134 due to the differential between the air pressure at air bearing surface portion 136 vis a' vis bearing surface portion 138.
The structure shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 provide advantages in manufacture. Here, the solid cast body portion 123 may be molded and hardened out of any suitable porous material as described above. This entire body portion may be dipped, sprayed or otherwise coated with a sealant material that prevents the passage of air therethrough. Bores 158, 160 and manifold channel 170 may be then formed in body member 123 which exposes the porous material. Air bearing surface 134 may be then formed by either a machining operation to remove the coating along air bearing surface 134 or by a suitable solvent to remove the coating. Accordingly, air bearing member 122 remains sealed by coating 162 at all regions except along manifold channel 170, the mouth of air supply bore 158 and air bearing surface 134.
Plate 164 may then be mounted, in any suitable manner in sealed relation to sidewall 142, such as by a gasket or by any other means. A datum plate 140 may then be mounted opposite plate 164 to provide a flat datum face 146. A plurality of strategically placed bleed holes 148 are formed through datum plate 140 with these openings being generally circular in cross-section. Bearing surface 134 diametrically intersects ports 146. This allows any excess air pressure to bleed away from air bearing surface 134 during use. In low pressure applications, bleed holes 148 may be eliminated due to the low air flow conditions.
A third exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4, but for an air bearing 224 that would correspond to air bearing 24 in FIG. 1. Here, air bearing 224 has a body portion 223 that provides an air bearing surface 234 divided into a first air bearing surface portion 236 and a second air bearing portion 238. A datum 240 is provided that is similar to datum 40, described above. In this embodiment, upper wall 232 is formed in two sections, 282 and 284 which correspond respectively to first surface portion 236 and second surface portion 238, respectively. Upper wall portion 282 has a thickness "t1" while wall portion 284 has a thickness "t2" that is four times the thickness of "t1". A single plenum 258 is then provided so that pressurized air may pass from plenum 258 through upper wall 232. Due to the difference in thickness of wall 232, however, pressure is four times greater at first surface portion 236 then at second surface portion 238. However, since the wrapping radius of second surface portion 238 is four times the radius of second surface portion 236, a generally uniform flying height for a tape transported thereacross will result. In this embodiment, again, a suitable coating may be provided to seal the sides and ends of air bearing 224 and a suitable plate providing communication between a pressurized air source and plenum 258 may be employed.
The most preferred embodiment of the present invention, at the time of filing this application, is shown in FIGS. 8-11. In this embodiment, air bearing member 322 is formed by a porous member 323 that is coated in the manner described with respect to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Here, porous member 323 has an air bearing surface 334 having a first surface portion 336 formed at a small radius of curvature "r1" and a second air bearing surface portion 338 formed at a larger radius "r2". A plurality of air supply bores 358 and 360 are respectively associated with air bearing surface portions 336 and 338. To this end, air supply bores 360 are located at a distance "t2" that is four times further away from surface portion 338 than the distance of separation "t1" between surface portion 336 and air supply bores 358. Due to this difference in spacing, bores 358 and 360 may be connected by a common manifold channel 370 and supplied at a common air pressure. It should now be understood that wall portion 333 will pass four times the amount of air per unit area as wall portion 335. However, due to the wrap radii, tape 20 will float on a cushion of air that is generally uniform across air bearing surface 334.
In assembly, the porous member 323 of air bearing member 322 and datum plate 340 are mounted between a top mounting plate 364 and a bottom mounting plate 365 means of bolts 369. It should be understood that bottom mounting plate 365 could be part of the structure or housing of the tape transport apparatus instead of a separate piece attached to that structure. In any event, an air supply nipple 366 is provided that communicates through a bore 368 in plate 365, for example, so that air may flow through nipple 366, through bore 368, through an air supply bore 360′ and into manifold channel 370. Datum plate 340 is provided with bleed holes 348 in a manner similar in purpose and function as bleed holes 148.
To this end, air supply bore 360′ is drilled completely through porous member 323 in a manner similar to that described with respect to air supply bore 160′ depicted in FIG. 5. Of course, it should be appreciated that any of air supply bores 358, 360 could be employed for this purpose of communicating with the pressurized air supply with the remaining air supply bores drilled a majority of the distance through top wall 325 and porous member 323 without penetrating bottom wall 327 thereof.
In order that air can pass through datum plate 340, an opening 341 is provided; this opening is sealed in assembly by an O-ring 390 that seats against wall 327 of porous member 323 and bottom plate 365. A gasket 380 is used to seal manifold channel 370, and this gasket 380 is sandwiched between top mounting plate 364 and porous member 323. Bolts 369 then extend through openings 391-394 formed respectively in top mounting plate 364, gasket 380, porous member 323 and datum plate 340. The threaded ends of bolts 369 are secured in threaded opening 395 formed in bottom plate 365.
FIGS. 12(a) through 12(d) show four possible alternatives, in diagrammatic form, for drilling the air supply bores for the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-10 as well as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. For example, in FIG. 12(a), a representative air supply bore 460 is drilled along axis "A" that is parallel to air bearing surface 434. Air bearing surface 434 in turn, is formed at a large acute angle "a" with respect to datum face 446 of datum plate 440. Axis "A" is parallel to surface 434 so that air will uniformly flow through wall portion 433.
In FIG. 12(b), axis "A" of air supply bore 560 is canted at a small acute angle "b" with respect to air bearing surface 534. Thus, there is a differential in the flow of air through wall 533 at a location proximate to datum face 546 of datum plate 540 and sidewall 542. The reverse is true for the embodiment shown in FIG. 12(c). Here, air supply bore 660 has an axis "A" that is oriented at an acute angle "c" with respect to bearing surface 634, but here, the angle is chosen so that the mouth of air supply bore 660 is further away from air bearing surface 634 then and is terminal mount 662. Again, wall portion 633 is non-uniform between datum plate 640 and side 642 so that greater air flow occurs at a location proximate to datum face 646 than at the outer sidewall 642.
In FIG. 12(d), the air supply bore 760 is formed to have a different configuration than as described above. Here, air supply bore 760 has a first region 770 proximal to mouth 772 that is counterbored to have a larger diameter that second region 774 that is distal to mouth 772. By counterboring region 770 to a larger diameter, the thickness of wall portion 733 that is proximal side 742 is thinner than the thickness of wall portion 733′ that is proximal datum 740. Therefore, a greater air pressure will occur at the edge of the tape remote from datum 740. It should be expressly understood that an air supply bore could have several counterbore diameters of decreasing dimension from the top to the bottom so as to have more than two distinct regions. Furthermore, a conic air supply bore could be provided by drilling such bore with a conic bit. This would result in an air supply bore that continuously diminishes in diameter instead of having a stair-step reduction in diameter such as that show in FIG. 12(d).
An additional feature of the present invention is the use of transverse out rigger ribs at each terminal end of the respective air bearings. To understand these out rigger ribs, reference is first made to FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b). With reference to FIG. 13(a), it may be seen that representative tape 20′ is trained over an air bearing 22′ so that an air cushion 100′ is present. However, air can spill out of or off of air bearing 22′ in the region "S" due to the transition from the pressure of air cushion 100 to ambient pressure.
In order to eliminate this air spill, a transverse rib member or "outrigger" 85 is provided to extend across air bearing surface 34 as shown in FIG. 13(b). Transverse rib element 85 acts as an air dam so that air may not readily spill from region "S". However since tape 20 is located at a tangent to outrigger rib element 85, there is essentially no loading on tape 20 that might damage tape 20 as it passes over out- rigger element 85.
Outrigger elements 85 may be formed to have an upper curved surface 87, as is shown in FIG. 13(b). Alternatively, as is shown in FIG. 13(c), outrigger 185 can have a planar upper surface 187. Indeed, the planar upper surface it is currently preferred. In either case, it is preferred that the surface of the outrigger elements protrude above the air bearing surface a selected distance, depending on the air pressures used, the width of the transported tape and the fly height desired for the tape. For wider tapes, the projection of the outrigger element is generally less than for narrower tapes. In any event, it is contemplated that the protrusion of the outrigger elements be in a range of 0.001-0.004 inches.
Turning again to the embodiments described above, it may be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2 that air bearings 22 and 24 are provided at their opposite extreme ends with transverse outrigger elements 85 and 87. Likewise, the embodiment in FIGS. 5 and 6 are provided with transverse outrigger elements 185 and 187. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, transverse outrigger elements 285 and 287 are provided for air bearing 224. Finally, outrigger elements 385 and 387 are provided for the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8-11.
In all cases, the transverse outrigger elements extends across the respective air bearing surface, but it should be understood that by using the word "transverse" it is not intended that the outrigger elements be necessarily perpendicular to the respective datum face. Rather, the outrigger elements could be oriented obliquely, although it is contemplated that, in the preferred embodiment, they be parallel to the air bearing surface. In any event, the outrigger elements are constructed of a suitable material such as solid alumina.
The embodiments of the air bearing elements according to the present invention may be made according to a simple manufacturing methodology. Here, the manufacturing methodology includes a first step of forming a porous body to a selected shape. The preferred material for forming this body, as noted above, is an alumina silicate such as that known as mullite. Alternatively, the porous material may be any suitable ceramic, metal or composite materials and may be impregnated with a selected adhesive to control porosity. The manufacturing methodology contemplates that the porous air bearing body is formed to have a dual radius surface with each portion of the dual radius surface comprising approximately 45 degrees of arc. In any event, it is contemplated that the porous air bearing body is cast, extruded, molded or otherwise fabricated in a manner known in the art.
After the porous body is formed into the desired shape, a coating is applied to all exterior surfaces of that body. This coating may be any suitable paint, epoxy or other material that is sufficient to seal the porosity of the body completely therearound. Next, the manufacturing methodology includes the step of exposing the air bearing surface by removing the coating therefrom. This can be accomplished by machining away the coating layer on the air bearing surface or using a solvent to dissolve the coating material therefrom.
In any event, the manufacturing methodology also contemplates the formation of plenums in the porous body. This can be accomplished during the formation step of the porous body. Here, any portion of the coating in the interior of the plenums that is opposite the air bearing surface must be removed. Preferably, however, the plenums are formed by drilling holes at desired locations within the porous body. This creates air supply bores so that air may be introduced into the interior of the porous body at a pressure sufficient so that air flows through the porous body and out of the air bearing surface. Here, it should be understood that the drilled holes be created such that a differential air flow occurs for the air bearing surface that is proportionate to the radius curvature of the two sections thereof so that a relatively uniform air cushion will be created when a tape is moved across the air bearing surface.
Accordingly, the present invention has been described with some degree of particularity directed to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It should be appreciated, though, that the present invention is defined by the following claims construed in light of the prior art so that modifications or changes may be made to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention without departing from the inventive concepts contained herein.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 17, 1960
|Apr 30, 1963
|Web guide
|Nov 27, 1964
|Oct 25, 1966
|Cons Electrodynamics Corp
|Tape guide
|Mar 5, 1970
|Nov 16, 1971
|Constant mass flow pressurized air bearing
|Apr 2, 1973
|Oct 8, 1974
|Wide rotor for stable support of tape along path of transducer carried by rotor
|Dec 10, 1973
|Oct 7, 1975
|Kostin Boris M
|Head drum structure for video tape recorder
|Jul 15, 1974
|Jun 1, 1976
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Rotating head apparatus having a protruding diameter headwheel which supports a protruding flying head
|Jul 7, 1986
|Feb 23, 1988
|Cryderman Gary G
|Apparatus for entraining and directing a wet paper web
|May 4, 1989
|May 15, 1990
|Advance Systems, Inc.
|Contactless turning guide for running web
|Nov 3, 1988
|Oct 13, 1992
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Transport apparatus for a single reel tape cartridge
|Nov 19, 1991
|Jul 6, 1993
|Storage Technology Corporation
|Air bearing for tape drive
|Nov 16, 1992
|May 10, 1994
|Storage Technology Corporation
|Pneumatic compliant tape guidance device
|Dec 16, 1993
|Nov 5, 1996
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Pneumatic static guide for a tape
|Feb 27, 1996
|Jul 7, 1998
|Gavit; Stephan E.
|Tape transport apparatus incorporating porous air bearing
|Oct 19, 2000
|Sep 3, 2002
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Self threading air bar
|Title not available
|IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, "Air Supported Complaint Tape Guide", vol. 17, #4, Sep. 1974, p. 966, P.J. Arseneault et al.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 2, 2003
|Jun 21, 2005
|Segway Systems, Llc
|Tape head assembly with air bearing guide
|Jun 16, 2004
|Apr 11, 2006
|Reifenhauser Gmbh & Co. Maschinenfabrik
|Turning bar for contactless guidance of a tubular film
|Oct 20, 2003
|Jun 10, 2008
|Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft
|Guiding elements for a printing unit
|Aug 31, 2010
|Aug 12, 2014
|Ryno Motors, Inc.
|Electric-powered self-balancing unicycle with steering linkage between handlebars and wheel forks
|Aug 22, 2013
|Jul 21, 2015
|Ryno Motors, Inc.
|Electric-powered self-balancing unicycle
|May 2, 2003
|Nov 4, 2004
|Segway Systems, Llc,
|Tape head assembly with air bearing guide and method therefor
|Jun 16, 2004
|Jan 27, 2005
|Helmut Meyer
|Turning bar for contactless guidance of a tubular film
|Oct 20, 2003
|May 11, 2006
|Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft
|Guiding elements for a strip-producing or strip-processing machine
|Jun 14, 2004
|Dec 28, 2006
|Roland Mayer
|Web-guiding device
|May 7, 2004
|Jan 17, 2008
|Markus Oechsle
|Guiding Device For A Continuous Sheet
|Sep 29, 2005
|Apr 12, 2007
|Gerhard Bach
|Device for guiding flexible strip/sheet material has air supplies for different zones formed so air throughput arrangements for inlet/outlet zones are separately supplied with compressed air independently of main guidance zone guide wall
|Sep 29, 2005
|Dec 6, 2007
|Gerhard Bach
|Leitvorrichtung zum Leiten von flexiblem Flachmaterial
|Jun 16, 2005
|Feb 1, 2006
|Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft
|Guiding device for printed materials
|Feb 20, 2006
|Oct 18, 2006
|Voith Patent GmbH
|Web guiding element
|Feb 20, 2006
|Oct 18, 2006
|Voith Patent GmbH
|Web guiding element
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 24, 1999
Owner name: SEGWAY SYSTEMS, LLC, COLORADO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GAVIT, STEPHAN E.;STAHL, K. JOHN;REEL/FRAME:010418/0660;SIGNING DATES FROM 19991028 TO 19991029
|Aug 17, 2004
|Certificate of correction
|Oct 29, 2007
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 20, 2008
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jun 10, 2008
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20080420


text:
We can't blame you for finding the economy complicated. Thankfully, there are good economics reporters available to explain what is happening out there and why. Want easy access to their articles and what they're reading? Just follow them on Twitter. Here is a list of 32 that we've culled for you:
32 Economics Journalists You Should Be Following On Twitter
Earlier on HuffPost:
From Our PartnersPresented by LendingTree
Get top stories and blog posts emailed to me each day. Newsletters may offer personalized content or advertisements.Learn more


text:
Flickr, indeed, FedEx, del.icio.us, Google Maps, YouTube, Rhapsody, OpenStreetMap, SmashFly, Rrove, Box, Amazon S3, Google Calendar, Google Ajax Search, Map24 AJAX, Clickatell, InnerGears Weather by City, AOL Video, TradeSports, WebAIM, Google Code Search
Followers (23)
Mashups using the same API (3852)
FindiLike Hotel Search is a hotel search and review analysis system that helps users find hotels based on their reviews, prices, or location. Hotels can be searched with unstructured keywords like, "...
Map of Las Vegas attractions.
This creation tool targets those who want to create their Google maps mashups and host the HTML pages on their web servers. You own the files you have created.
Related Articles
The Infradox API: Photos & Videos in the Right Place at the Right Time
Infradox serves up your archive of photo and video on a high volume basis. The Infradox API is actually two APIs: a "Partner API" and a "Back Office API." The partner API is, not surprisingly, for your partners so that they can connect live with your Infradox database. Responses are in XML.
Find and Watch Your Favorite TV Show or Movie with the Guidebox API
With so many TV shows and movies available online these days, it can be hard for viewers to find exactly what they are looking for. To make life easier for television watchers, Guidebox, a service that answers the question, "Where can I stream or purchase this?," released a free API that lets developers integrate movie and TV episode search into websites and mobile apps.
Instagram Shuts Down Developers, Plans Official API
You may remember the full featured, unpublished API from popular mobile photo sharing site Instagram that we covered last month. The interface was reverse engineered by a developer and today Instagram asked anyone using its private, unofficial Instagram API to stop. At the same time, it announced a beta public API would be coming soon.
RELATED APIs
View all
Promoted Listings
|API Name
Apizee Server
|Apizee is a platform that integrates WebRTC technology, and adds real-time text, audio, and video capabilities to third party applications. This platform features visual collaboration, plugin-free...
Apizee ApiRTC
|The Apizee ApiRTC API is a platform that integrates WebRTC technology, and adds real-time text, audio, and video capabilities to third party applications. This platform features visual colaboration,...
TV Control Specification
|The TV Control Specification API integrates television control via internet browser. It provides navigator, TVManager, TVTuner, TVSource, TVChannel, TVMediaStream, and TVBroadcastedEvent methods.
Microsoft Cognitive Services Knowledge Exploration Service
|The Microsoft Cognitive Services Knowledge Exploration Service (KES) API interprets natural language queries, and provides auto-completion suggestions. This API evaluates structured queries and...
Microsoft Cognitive Services Academic Knowledge
|The Microsoft Cognitive Services Academic Knowledge API returns information from the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) which is an entity graph that models academic publications. This API offers 3 main...


text:
Comments about 'Utahns visiting D.C. grab a selfie with Obama'
- Oldest first
- Newest first
- Most recommended
Well, that's nice . . . Pretty cool really.
But it's not a selfie.
A selfie is a picture of oneself, maybe with others, usually taken at arms length.
. . . just sayin'.
- 7:13 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
Cool story. Just a note this is not a selfie, which by definition would have to include in the photo the person who is taking the photo.
- 7:25 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (3)
- Report abuse
Two of the three images are clearly "selfies".
What gives, people?
- 8:24 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (4)
- Report abuse
Who cares about the "selfie" issue?
This is cool! Awesome experience!
- 8:53 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
Really cool to meet the President!
- 10:38 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (6)
- Report abuse
That's pretty cool!
- 10:38 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (4)
- Report abuse
I bet had BO known they were from Utah he would have ignored them
- 11:04 a.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
I don't necessarily agree with the President's politics, but it was a nice gesture on his part.
- 12:20 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
A class act from a great leader.
- 12:42 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (8)
- Report abuse
Cool? Selfie? Great Leader. Really? Because he doesn't govern but hangs out for a photo op? Nothing else is going on in barry's life. Thanks for getting to the bottom of all the scandals, barry. Period
- 12:59 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
Why is he taking selfies when he should be answering question about Benghazi!?
- 1:39 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (2)
- Report abuse
@ lost in DC : boneheaded, but not a smidgen
Come on guys. Comments like those you wrote don't hurt the President. Those comments just illustrate your own mind set.
Relax, breath and enjoy it. It was a nice gesture. Just give it that. O.K.?
- 1:41 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (8)
- Report abuse
what makes you think we are trying to hurt BO?
Nah, he's just out campaigning and they are just his dupes.
- 1:49 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
slcdenizen is spot on; let's not get distracted from the things that
In fact, how do we know this "sudden" interaction on the street wasn't an orchestrated covert meeting between Obama and parr of his secret cabinet of Benghazi secret-keeper type guys. I mean, what better cover for retaining all the horrible, nasty, no good Benghazi truths than to pretend to be a BYU student? I think this calls for a House committee investigation immediately!
Also, I'm pretty sure if you look at the second picture and squint, you'll see what really happened in Benghazi.
- 2:45 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
Reminds me of the time I had a serendipitous lunch with Marie Osmond at the BYU Cougar Eat. It was 1977. I think she was 17. My take away from the encounter was Marie was another Lovely BYU Coed. Gee, there were so many of them then. How was I to know my San Diego Single's ward Elder's Quorem President would marry her several later. Life is amusing for sure.
- 3:12 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like (2)
- Report abuse
But first, let me take a selfie!
- 3:40 p.m. May 22, 2014
- Like
- Report abuse
My, we have become such a critical culture, haven't we? Oh, wait, look, I
am doing it now. Sorry.
How sad that we need to complain when we see our president acting like an actual human being? "He should be doing his job!" Come on, how many of you take a break for your duties during the day?
- 6:32 a.m. May 23, 2014
- Like (5)
- Report abuse
lost in DC campaigning? Really did the law change that the President can run for a third term? Great guy being a nice guy. But it does show the mindset of those who hate him.
- 5:38 p.m. May 23, 2014
- Like (2)
- Report abuse
Curmudgeonly comments aside...congratulations, you guys! It's gotta be a once-in-a-lifetime thing that anyone gets to meet a President, and especially spontaneously, without the arranged speech or town hall surrounding the event. Just out of the blue! And not all of them felt comfortable about going about meeting people in public; some have been introverts, actually. Oh, BTW, it's my hometown, so I hope you enjoyed yourself!
- 8:52 p.m. May 23, 2014
- Like
- Report abuse
Do you think they felt his handshake?
- 11:44 p.m. May 24, 2014
- Like
- Report abuse
DeseretNews.com encourages a civil dialogue among its readers. We welcome your thoughtful comments.
— About comments
- Clashes between police, teachers leave 4 dead...
- NBC to unveil new theme song for 'Sunday...
- Pound surges amid apparent support for UK to...
- AP NewsBreak: UN: Israel for ratifying nuke...
- Solstice, full moon mark summer's official...
- UN says 65 million people displaced in 2015,...
- 10 years after housing bubble, damage lingers...
- Decade after housing peaked: Owners richer,...
- Immigration ruling called hurtful, a... 73
- Mormon youth leader dies on trek outing... 70
- Preventing mass shootings? Utah... 67
- Nearly 70 percent of Utahns say Donald... 62
- Dems stage election-year sit-in on... 46
- Poll: Trump up over Clinton in Utah,... 42
- Democrats end 25-hour plus protest to... 30
- Chaffetz: I'm going to be 'kid in a... 29