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Endocrinologists: Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction Demand Better Care
by Thyroid Change™ · 33,676 supporters
Petition Update
We Need Change Video
Thyroid Change™
Hawthorne, NJ
Jul 15, 2013 — Have you seen our video to spread awareness about this petition and resulting movement? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-7AkhKhDsA&feature=youtu.be&hd=1
Please share it with every person you can. You will help us create change and spread awareness to other patients that there are treatment options and tests beyond TSH. So many are suffering unaware!
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Some kid in my class just puked in his backpack, zipped up the backpack, put the backpack on and walked out the door.
Tap Here to view the Mobile Optimized TFLN
Some kid in my class just puked in his backpack, zipped up the backpack, put the backpack on and walked out the door.
Can we please have a moment of silence for my reputation?
her facebook's as public as her vagina
already putting money aside for 4/20. you ready for the greatest tuesday ever?
Ever since I discovered that youporn works on blackberry, my brickbreaker skills have gone to shit
so i think im going to actually use my calories on food today instead of beer.
Just made a Mimosa with Chardonnay and Emergen-C.
I just threw up while getting a haircut. I'm never trying to accomplish stuff with a hangover again.
Everybody was literally kung fu fighting
i just farted in the library and heard some girl yell it was sulfur gas. can. not. move.
The bubbles in my bathtub are singing to me in german....
What time do you think the pilgrims started drinking? I want to be as accurate as possible.
you wouldnt answer to anything but devil's advocate all night.
When i woke up this morning she asked me 'when did you first find out that you could see the future.' I gotta stop drinking.
so apparently telling her she could shit easier and therefore lose weight faster wasn't the best arguement for getting anal.


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The Riad is only five minutes away from the most famous square Jameaa el-Fnaa . From the first moment you enter in the Riad you receive a warm welcome from Massimo and Giorgina. They show great hospitality by offering you tea and it doesn't take long before you feel at home. The fresh smell of jasmine pervades all your senses. The architecture and the refined decorations are the result of the exquisite Moroccan style implemented by Massimo and Giorgina. The elegant rooms each of which has its own design and style, makes this Riad unique in its genre. The terrace offers not only a comfortable place to have your breakfast or dinner , but also a swimming pool, where you can rest and relax after a long day out in the heat of the city.
You can taste the wonderful and exquisite Morocco cuisine, tagine and Moroccan traditional homemade soup, with the soft light of candles and Moroccan-style lamps. Fresh cakes are baked every morning, and organic and homemade jams are all products of Georgina's expertise.
The staff is friendly and really professional. They are always keen to help you and make your stay unforgettable; yes it is a really unique experience. I personally recommend the Riad Les Clos des Art as a fantastic place for an unforgettable holiday.
Roberto from London
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- In a narrow street of the Medina of Marrakech come and discover Riad le Clos des Arts: a charming Arab house renovated in pure Moresque style. Be seduced by this fascinating oriental atmosphere, be tempted by the authenticity of traditional Moroccan flavours, be refreshed by a plunge into the small pool on the terrace.The riad offers 4 suites and 2 rooms, all with ensuite bathrooms and the possibility to have dinner on order. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Orbitz, Booking.com, Priceline, Odigeo, HostelBookers and Cheap Tickets so you can book your Riad le Clos des Arts reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Riad Le Clos Des Arts Hotel Marrakech


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Phyllo-Wrapped Apple Dumplings with Apple Cider Sauce
From EatingWell: November/December 2013
In this apple dumpling dessert recipe, apples are sprinkled with raisins, brown sugar and spice then wrapped in lightly buttered phyllo dough before being baked into a gorgeous parcel. For the sauce, apple cider is reduced to create a sensational accompaniment for these crispy apple dumplings.
Makes: 12 servings, 1 dumpling & 2 Tbsp. sauce each
Serving Size: 1 dumpling & 2 Tbsp. sauce
Active Time:
Total Time:
Nutrition Profile
High fiber | Low cholesterol | Low sodium |View Our Nutrition Guidelines »
Cider Sauce
- 8 cups apple cider or apple juice
- 2 tablespoons cornstarch
- 1 tablespoon water
Apple Dumplings
- 1/2 cup golden raisins
- 3 tablespoons light brown sugar
- 1/2 teaspoon apple pie spice (see Tip)
- 6 sweet crisp apples, such as Honeycrisp, Macoun or Braeburn
- 1/4 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 1/4 cup canola oil
- 1/4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 tablespoon ground cinnamon
- 24 sheets phyllo dough (9-by-14-inch), thawed per package directions
- To prepare sauce: Bring cider (or juice) to a boil in a large saucepan. Boil, watching carefully and stirring occasionally to keep bubbles down, until reduced to about 2 cups, 30 to 40 minutes. Combine cornstarch and water in a small bowl until smooth; whisk the cornstarch mixture into the boiling syrup. Return to a boil. Reduce heat and simmer, whisking frequently, until thickened, 2 to 4 minutes more. Remove from heat and cover to keep warm.
- To prepare dumplings: Preheat oven to 350°F.
- Combine raisins, brown sugar and apple pie spice in a medium bowl. Peel, halve and core apples. Place cut-side up on a clean work surface; spoon a little of the raisin mixture into the center of each apple half. Sprinkle any remaining sugar mix over the apples.
- Combine butter and oil in a small bowl; set aside 2 tablespoons in another small bowl. Combine granulated sugar and cinnamon in a third small bowl. Unroll phyllo sheets onto a clean, dry surface, keeping them in a stack. Cover with a piece of wax paper and then a barely damp kitchen towel to prevent them from drying out.
- Lay out one sheet of phyllo on a clean, dry surface. Using a pastry brush, lightly brush the sheet with butter mixture from the first bowl, then lightly sprinkle with cinnamon sugar. Repeat, layering on 3 more sheets of phyllo; coat and sprinkle the top sheet too. Cut the phyllo stack in half crosswise. Place a stuffed apple half in the middle of each stack. Gather the sides of the phyllo together, pinching the corners, to enclose the apple. Transfer the dumplings to a large rimmed baking sheet. Repeat with the remaining phyllo and apples to make 12 dumplings al together. Brush them with the reserved 2 tablespoons of butter mixture.
- Bake the dumplings until the phyllo is golden brown and crisp, 35 to 40 minutes. Let stand at least 10 minutes and up to 30 minutes. Reheat the sauce, if desired. Serve the dumplings with the sauce.
Tips & Notes
- Make Ahead Tip: Prepare sauce (Step 1) and assemble dumplings (Steps 3-5). Cover and refrigerate separately for up to 1 day; bake the dumplings and reheat the sauce before serving.
Per serving: 373 calories; 11 g fat (3 g sat, 5 g mono); 10 mg cholesterol; 67 g carbohydrates; 6 g added sugars; 3 g protein; 4 g fiber; 187 mg sodium; 192 mg potassium.
Carbohydrate Servings: 4 1/2
Exchanges: 1 starch, 2 1/2 fruit, 1/2 other carbohydrate, 1 1/2 fat
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Recipe Categories
- Total Time
- More than 1 hour
- Health & Diet Considerations
- High fiber
- Low cholesterol
- Low sodium
- Servings
- 8 or more
- Main Ingredient
- Vegetarian, other
- Preparation/ Technique
- Bake
- Meal/Course
- Dinner
- Holiday
- Christmas
- New Year's Eve
- Thanksgiving
- Style/Theme
- Kid-friendly
- Vegetarian
- Type of Dish
- Desserts, fruit
- Ethnic/Regional
- American
- Ease of Preparation
- Easy
- Publication
- November/December 2013


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T-Pain is known to create twerk-worthy/club-worthy anthems. His latest hit record, "Up Down," being a prime example of this. The auto-tuned rapper hit up Hot 97 for a lengthy interview, where he discusses his strip club addiction.
When used properly, ad-libs can really accelerate the popularity of an artist. Just ask Big Sean or 2 Chainz. These between-the-lines phrases are designed to hype up listeners, adding extra energy to their verses.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Punjabi language Punjabi language Punjabi ,?????? ,یباجنپPañjābī Spoken in Pakistan and India. Minor populations in UK, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, UAE, USA, Canada, Australia, France, Germany, Hong Kong, New Zealand, South Punjabi is native to the Punjab region of South Asia Africa, Suriname, Guyana. Punjab historical Punjab region (in Pakistan and India) and their diasporas. Speakers include adherents of the religions of Total 88,000,000 (Ethnologue 2005 estimate)[1] Islam, Sikhism and Hinduism. speakers 57,129,000 (Encarta)[2] According to the Ethnologue 2005 estimate[4], there Western Punjabi: 61–62 million, Eastern Punjabi 28 are 88 million native speakers of the Punjabi language, million (2000 WCD) which makes it approximately the 11th most widely Ranking 9-11 (varies with sources) spoken language in the world. According to the 2002 Language Indo-European Census of Pakistan[5], there are approximately 63 million family Indo-Iranian native speakers of Punjabi in Pakistan, and according to Indo-Aryan the Census of India, there are over 29 million Punjabi Punjabi speakers in India[6]. Writing Shahmukhi in Punjab (Pakistan) Along with Lahnda and Western Pahari languages, system Gurmukhi in Punjab (India) and Sikh diaspora Punjabi is unusual among modern Indo-European lanDevanagari (mainly used by Hindus)[3] guages in being a tonal language.[7][8][9][10] Official status In his Linguistic Survey of India, the linguist George Abraham Grierson used the word "Punjabi" to refer to Official India several languages spoken in the Punjab region: the term language "Western Punjabi" (ISO 639-3 pnb) covered Saraiki, in while the term "Eastern Punjabi" referred to the lanRegulated No official regulation guage based on Majhi dialect (ISO 639-3 pan). The term by "Punjabi language" today generally refers to "Eastern Language codes Punjabi" i.e. the language based on the Majhi dialect of the historical region of Majha, which spans the Lahore, ISO 639-1 pa Sheikhupura, Kasur, Gujranwala, Sialkot and Narowal ISO 639-2 pan Districts of the Pakistani Province of Punjab and Amritsar District and Gurdaspur District of the Indian State of ISO 639-3 variously: pan – Punjabi (Eastern) Punjab.[11] pnb – Punjabi (Western) Punjabi is a significant language for the Sikhs, and pmu – Punjabi (Mirpuri) Punjabi's population of speakers is one of the greatest of the Indian subcontinent and indeed the world. The majority of Punjabi speakers live in Pakistan, where they This page contains Indic text. Without rendering support you may see irregular vowel positioning form about half of that country's population, but the and a lack of conjuncts. More... language has no official status in Pakistan at all, and it is not much used as a written language there in comparison to Urdu. Punjabi or Panjabi (?????? in Shahmukhi script, (?????? in Gurmukhi script), (Pañjābī in transliteration) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the Region 1 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Punjabi language their mother tongues were Urdu and Hindi respectively. After the partition of India, the Punjab region was divided between Pakistan and India. Although the Punjab people formed the biggest linguistic group in Pakistan, Urdu was declared the national language of Pakistan, and Punjabi did not get any official status. The Indian Punjab, which then consisted of what are now Haryana and Himachal Pradesh, became Hindi-majority. In the 1960s, the Shiromani Akali Dal proposed "Punjabi Suba", a state for Punjabi speakers in India. Paul R. Brass, the Professor Emeritus of Political Science and South Asian Studies at the University of Washington, opines that the Sikh leader Fateh Singh tactically stressed the linguistic basis of the demand, while downplaying the religious basis for the demand -- a state where the distinct Sikh identity could be preserved.[16] The movement for a Punjabi Suba led to trifurcation of Indian Punjab into three states: Punjab (India), Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. History Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language like many other modern languages of South Asia. The Punjabi language is a descendant of Sauraseni Prakrit, which was the chief language of medieval northern India[12][13][14] Punjabi emerged as an independent language in the 11th century from the Sauraseni Apabhramsa.[15] The literary tradition in Punjabi started with Fariduddin Ganjshakar (Baba Farid)(1173-1266), many ancient Sufi mystics and later Guru Nanak Dev ji, the first Guru of the Sikhism. The early Punjabi literature was principally spiritual in nature and has had a very rich oral tradition. The poetry written by Sufi saints has been the folklore of the Punjab and is still sung with great love in any part of Punjab. Between 1600 and 1850, Muslim Sufi, Sikh and Hindu writers composed many works in Punjabi. The most famous Punjabi Sufi poet was Baba Bulleh Shah (1680 – 1757), (who born in Och (Bahawalpur) and Setteled in Kasoor) wrote in the Kafi style. He put Saraiki language Culture into the Punjabi Language. Bulleh Shah practiced the Sufi tradition of Punjabi poetry established by poets like Shah Hussain (1538 – 1599), Sultan Bahu (1629 – 1691), and Shah Sharaf (1640 – 1724). His lifespan also overlapped with the legendary Punjabi poet Waris Shah (1722 – 1798), of Heer Ranjha fame. Waris Shah's rendition of the tragic love story of Heer Ranjha is among the most popular medieval Punjabi works. Other popular tragic love stories are Sohni Mahiwal, Mirza Sahiba and Sassi Punnun. Shah Mohammad's Jangnama is another fine piece of poetry that gives an eyewitness account of the First Anglo-Sikh War that took place after the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Modern Punjabi In India, Punjabi is one of the 22 languages with official status in India. It is the first official language of Punjab (India) and Union Territory State Chandigarh and the 2nd official language of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Delhi. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the provincial language of Punjab (Pakistan) the largest province of Pakistan. The famous Punjabi writers from Pakistan include: • Shareef Kunjahi • Mir Tanha Yousafi • Sanawar Chadhar • Alam Lohar • Abid Tamimi • Anwar Masood • Aatish • Shaista Nuzhat • Raja Muhammed Ahmed The famous Indian Punjabi poets in modern times are: • Prof. Mohan Singh • Amrita Pritam • Balwant Gargi • Shiv Kumar Batalvi • Dr Harjinder Singh Dilger Association with the Sikhs Punjabi is not the predominant language of the Sikh scriptures (which are written in several dialects, though in Gurumukhi script).[16] A few portions of Guru Granth Sahib use the Punjabi dialects, but the book is interspersed with several other languages including old Hindi languages (such as Brajbhasha and Khariboli), Sanskrit and Persian.[17] Guru Gobind Singh, the last Guru of the Sikhs composed Chandi di Var in Punjabi, although most of his works are composed in other languages like Braj bhasha and Persian. However, in the 20th century, the Punjabi-speaking Sikhs started attaching importance to the Punjabi written in the Gurumukhi script as a symbol of their distinct identity.[16] The Punjabi identity was affected by the communal sentiments in the 20th century. Bhai Vir Singh, a major figure in the movement for the revival of Punjabi literary tradition, started insisting that the Punjabi language was the exclusive preserve of the Sikhs.[18] The Muslim and Hindu Punjabis began to assert that Geographic distribution Punjabi is the most commonly spoken language of Pakistan. Punjabi is spoken as first language by over 44% of Pakistanis. Punjabis comprise the largest ethnic group in the country. Punjabis are dominant in key institutions such as Business, Agriculture, Industry, Government, Army, Navy, Air Force, and Police that is why about 70% of Pakistanis can understand or speak Punjabi. The Punjabis found in Pakistan are composed of various social groups, castes and economic groups. Muslim 2 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Rajputs, Jat, Gujjars, Gakhars, Khatri or Punjabi Shaikhs, Kambohs, Awans, and Arains, comprise the main tribes in the north, while Gilanis, Gardezis, Syeds and Quraishis are found in the south. There are Pashtun tribes like the Niazis and the lodhis, which are very much integrated into Punjabi village life. People in major urban areas have diverse origins, with many post-Islamic settlers tracing their origin to Afghanistan, Persia, Turkey, Arabia, and Central Asia.[19] India Punjabi is spoken as a native language by over 2% of Indians, esp. the followers of Sikhism. Punjabi is the official language of the Indian state of Punjab and the shared state capital Chandigarh. It is one of the official languages of the state of Delhi and the second language of Haryana. The Punjabis found in India are composed of various ethnic groups, tribal groups, social groups (caste) and economic groups. Some major sub-groups of Punjabis in India include Ahirs, Arora, Bania, Bhatia, Brahmin, Gujjar, Kalals/Ahluwalias, Kambojs, Khatris, Lobanas, Jats, Rajputs, Saini, Sood and Tarkhan. Most of these groups can be further sub-divided into clans and family groups. Most of East Punjab's Muslims (in today's states of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi and Chandigarh) left for West Punjab in 1947. However, a small community still exists today, mainly in Malerkotla, the only Muslim princely state among the seven that formed the erstwhile Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU). The other six (mostly Sikh) states were: Patiala, Nabha, Jind, Faridkot, Kapurthala and Kalsia. See also: States of India by Punjabi speakers The Punjabi Diaspora Punjabi is also spoken as a minority language in several other countries where Punjabis have emigrated in large numbers, such as the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom (where it is the second most commonly used language[20]) and Canada, where in recent times Punjabi has grown fast and has now become the fourth most spoken language.[21] Punjabi speaking countries (2005). • Pakistan: 63,000,000- The most commonly spoken language in Pakistan. • India: 29,109,672 - The 11th most commonly spoken language in India. • United Kingdom: 1,600,000- 2nd most common language in the UK. • Canada: 800,000- The 4th most common spoken language in Canada. • United Arab Emirates: 720,000. • United States: 700,000. • Saudi Arabia: 640,000. • Hong Kong: 270,000. • France: 180,000. • Australia: 120,000. • Malaysia: 100,000. Punjabi language Dialects: linguistic classification In Indo-Aryan dialectology generally, the presence of transitional dialects creates problems in assigning some dialects to one or another "language".[22][23] However, over the last century there has usually been little disagreement when it comes to defining the core region of the Punjabi language. In modern India, the states are largely designed to encompass the territories of major languages with an established written standard. Thus Indian Punjab is the Punjabi language state (in fact, the neighboring state of Haryana, which was part of Punjab state in 1947, was split off from it because it is a Hindi speaking region). Some of its major urban centers are Ludhiana, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, and Patiala. In Pakistan, the Punjabi speaking territory spans the east-central districts of Punjab Province. Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faislabad, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Sialkot, Jhelum and Gujrat. Lahore the historic capital of Punjab is the largest Punjabi speaking city in the wolrd. Lahore has 86% native Punjabis of total population of the city. and Islamabad the Capital of Pakistan has 71% Native Punjabis of total population. Major Punjabi dialects Jhangochi or Rachnavi Jhangochi (???????) dialect is spoken in Pakistani Punjab. Jhangochi or Rachnavi is the oldest and most idiosyncretic dialect of the Punjabi. It is spoken throughout a widespread area, starting from Khanewal and Jhang at both ends of Ravi and Chenab to Gujranwala district. It than runs down to Bahawalnagar and Chishtian araes, on the banks of river Sutlej. This entire area has almost the same traditions, customs and culture. The Jhangochi dialect of Punjabi has several aspects that set it apart from other Punjabi variants. This area has a great culture and heritage, especially literary heritage, as it is credited with the creation of the famous epic romance stories of Heer Ranjha and Mirza Sahiba. It is spoken in the Bar areas of Punjab, i.e. areas whose names are often suffixed with 'Bar', for example Sandal Bar, Kirana Bar, Neeli Bar, Ganji Bar and also from Khanewal to Jhang includes Faisalabad and Chiniot.. Shahpuri perhaps differs from Punjabi This dialect is spoken in Pakistani Punjab. The Shahpuri language has been spoken by the people of the town Shahpur. This language has been spoken by the people of District Sargodha including Dera Chanpeer Shah, Khushab, Jhang, Mianwali, Attock, parts of Faisalabad (foremerly Lyallpur), parts of Dera 3 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Ismail Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Bahawalnagar, Chakwal, Mianwali, Sargodha, Khushab and Mandi Bahauddin districts.. Pothowari perhaps differs from Punjabi This dialect is spoken in north Pakistani Punjab. mainly The area where Pothowari is spoken extends in the north from Muzaffarabad to as far south as Jhelum, Gujar Khan, Chakwal and Rawalpindi. [phr] 49,440 (2000 WCD). Murree Hills north of Rawalpindi, and east to Bhimber. Poonchi is east of Rawalakot. Potwari is in the plains around Rawalpindi. Alternate names: Potwari, Pothohari, Potohari, Chibhali, Dhundi-Kairali. Dialects: Pahari (Dhundi-Kairali), Pothwari (Potwari), Chibhali, Punchhi (Poonchi), Mirpuri. Pahari means 'hill language' referring to a string of divergent dialects, some of which may be separate languages. A dialect chain with Panjabi and Hindko. Closeness to western Pahari is unknown. Lexical similarity 76% to 83% among varieties called 'Pahari', 'Potwari', and some called 'Hindko' in Mansehra,Muzaffarabad, and Jammun. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, IndoAryan, Northern zone, Western Pahari. Hindko perhaps differs from Punjabi This dialect is spoken in north west Pakistani Punjab and NWFP mainly this dialect is spoken in districts of Peshawar, Attock, Nowshehra, Mansehra, Balakot, Abbotabad and Murree and the lower half of Neelum District and Muzafarabad.. Malwi Malwi Spoken in the eastern part of Indian Punjab. Main areas are Ludhiana, Ambala, Bathinda, Ganganagar, Malerkotla, Fazilka, Ferozepur. Malwa is the southern and central part of present day Indian Punjab. Also includes the Punjabi speaking northern areas of Haryana, viz. Ambala, Hissar, Sirsa, Kurukshetra etc. Not to be confused with the Malvi language, which shares its name. Doabi Doabi spoken in Indian Punjab. The word "Do Aabi" means "the land between two rivers" and this dialects is spoken between the rivers of Beas and Sutlej. It includes Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur districts. Pwadhi Powadh or Puadh or Powadha is a region of Punjab and parts of Haryana between the Satluj and Ghaggar rivers. The part lying south, south-east and east of Rupnagar adjacent to Ambala District (Haryana) is Powadhi. The Powadh extends from Punjabi language that part of the Rupnagar District which lies near Satluj up to the Ghaggar river in the east, which separates the states of Punjab and Haryana. Parts of Fatehgarh Sahib district, and parts of Patiala districts like Rajpura are also part of Powadh. The language is spoken over a large area in present Punjab as well as Haryana. In Punjab, Kharar, Kurali, Ropar, Nurpurbedi, Morinda, Pail, Rajpura and Samrala are the areas where the Puadhi language is spoken and the area itself is claimed as including from Pinjore, Kalka to Bangar area in Hisar district which includes even Nabha and Patiala in it. Punjabi University classification Punjabi University, Patiala, State of Punjab, India takes a very liberal definition of Punjabi in that it classifies Saraiki, Dogri, and Pothohari/Pothwari as Punjabi. Accordingly, the University has issued the following list of dialects of Punjabi:[25] • Awankari • Baar di Boli • Banwali • Bhattiani • Bherochi • Chacchi • Chakwali • Chambiali • Chenavri • • • • • • • • • • Dhani Doabi Dogri Ghebi Gojri Hindko Jatki Jhangochi Kangri Kachi • • • • • • • • Lubanki Malwai Pahari Pothohari/Pindiwali Powadhi Punchi Rathi Swaen • Thalochri • Wajeeraw The "Lahnda" construct The name "Punjab" means "5 waters" in Persian (panj ab) and refers to five major eastern tributaries of the Indus River. The historical Punjab gion, now divided between Pakistan and India, is defined physiograph ally by the Indus River and these five tributaries. The bulk of the Panja 3.5 rivers are located in Pakistan. One of the five, the Beas River, is a tr utary of another, the Sutlej River, and lies entirely in present day India well within the eastern half of historical Punjab. The British linguist George Abraham Grierson came to the conclus that a group of dialects known collectively as "western Punjabi" or Lahnda spoken north and west of the Punjab heartland, in the Indus va ley itself and on the lower reaches of the other four tributaries (exclud the Beas River), in fact constituted a language distinct from eastern or jurdga Punjabi. He christened this group of dialects "Lahindā" in a vol of the Language Survey of India (LSI) published in 1919. [11] He grouped "southern Lahnda" the dialects that are now recognized as multani or Saraiki. The northern Lahnda sub-Group has eveloved into Modern Panjistani (or pahiri/mirpur/pothoahri)and modern Hindko .Grierson tentatively identified the boundary between Punjabi and "Lahnda" as north-south line running from the Gujranwala District to the former Montgomery District (near the town on Sahiwal). This line lies well we of Lahore and within the boundary of Pakistan.[26] 4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia English What are you doing? (masculine) What are you doing? (masculine to address female) How are you? Do you speak Punjabi? Where are you from? Pleased to meet you Majhi, Lahori/Amritsari Ki karda ae? Ki kardi aa? Pothohari Ka karne uo? Ka karani ay? Dogri Ke karde o? Ke karani ae? Punjabi language Kangri Pahari Ke (kay) peya kare-nanh? Ke (kay) pai (payi) kareneenh? Tudda ke haal e (eh)? Punjabi uburne o? Kathe ne o? Tussan mil ke khushi thi. Tudda ke naanh ve? Mainda naanh ... eh Tudde gerayenh na ke naanh ve? Hanh Nainh Kuj mitha khaine o? Main tuhan pyar karenanh. Assi cinema gaye ayan. Manh kathe wanjnanh chainaa. Ki haal hai, Tu Punjabi Bol laenda hai ? Keh aal e? ke aal a? Punjabii bolne Punjabi bolde uo? o? Tus kudhr to o? Tusin kidhar to ho?/ Tusi kidron Tusa kudhr aaye ho? nay aiyo? Tuhanu mil ke bahut khushi hoyi Tusan milay Tusan nu militay boo khushi ye bahut khusi oye oyi Tuhada naam ki e? Mera naam ... e Tusan naa ke aa? Mara naa ... e Tusan da naa kay ai? Mera naa ... e What's your name? My name is ... What is your village's name? Yes No Would you like (to eat) some sweets? I love you. Tuhade pind/graan da naam ki Tusane graana Tusan da graan hai?/ Tuhada pind/graan kehda naa ke aa? kay aa? hai? Haan Nahin Mithaee lainee aa? / Mithaee Khaauge? Main tainu pyar kardaa Ahoo Naa Ah Naa Mithaee Kaso? Mithaee khaani e? Mai tuki pyar karna Assa cinema gaye saa mai kudhar jaa Mai tusi pyar karna We went to the Cinema Where should I go? Assi Cinema gaye sige Mainu kitthe jana chahida hai? In the aftermath of the independence of Pakistan and subsequent Par"western Panjabi" and "eastern Panjabi" has shifted since 1947 to coin tition of 1947, some investigators supposed that the Punjabi speakers in international border.[28] cide with the new Pakistan might give up their native dialects and adopt one or another "Lahnda" dialect; but this did not occur.[26] Most Punjabis Examples in Pakistan including Muslim migrants from East Punjab now speak the Lahnda dialect. Phonology Classification by Ethnologue Tone Punjabi has Because of the stature of Ethnologue as a widely accepted authority on three phonemically distinct tones that developed from the lost murmured the identification and classification of dialects and languages, their diver- (or "voiced aspirate") series of consonants. Phoneticall the of the gent views of the geographical distribution and dialectal namingtones are rising or rising-falling contours and they can span over o syllable Punjabi language merit mention. They designate what tradition calls or two, but phonemically they can be distinguished as high, m and low. "Punjabi" as "Eastern Punjabi" and they have implicitly adopted the belief A historical murmured consonant (voiced aspirate consonant) in w (contradicted by other specialists[27]) that the language border between initial position became tenuis and left a low tone on the two syllables 5 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Vowels Front Close Near-close Close-mid Open eː ɛː Consonants Bilabial Nasal Plosive and Affricate voiceless voiceless aspirated voiced Fricative Flap Approximant ʋ m p pʰ b (f) Labiodental Dental/ Alveolar n t̪ t̪ʰ d̪ s (z) ɾ l ɽ ɭ j Retroflex ɳ ʈ ʈʰ ɖ Palatal ɲ ʧ ʧʰ ʤ (ʃ) ə ɑː oː ɔː iː Central Punjabi language Back uː Velar ŋ k kʰ g Glottal ɦ following it: ghoṛā [kòːɽɑ̀ː] "horse". A stem final murmured consonant be• Punjabi Kashmiri Dictionary by Omkar N Koul and Rattan Lal Talashi. came voiced and left a high tone on the two syllables preceding it: māgh Language Department. 1998. Patiala: Pothohari [mɑ́ːɡ] "October". A stem medial murmured consonant which appeared(Nothern Lahnda,pahari or Modern panjistani) dictionary b Sharif Shad after a short vowel and before a long vowel became voiced and left a low tone on the two syllables following it: maghāṇā [məɡɑ̀ːɳɑ̀ː] "to be lit". Other syllables and words have mid tone.[29] punjabi zalil See also Grammar Writing system • Languages of Pakistan • Languages of India • List of Indian languages by total speakers There are several different scripts used for writing the Punjabi language, depending on the region and the dialect spoken, as well as the religion of [1] Ethnologue. 15th edition (2005). the speaker. In the Punjab province of Pakistan, the script used is Shah[2] Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People. Encarta. mukhi and is essentially the same as the Urdu script. In the IndianS. N. Sridhar; Yamuna Kachru (2008). Language in South Asia. Cambridg [3] state of Punjab, Sikhs and others use the Gurmukhī script. Hindus, and those livUniversity Press. p. 128. ISBN 9780521781411. ing in neighbouring Indian states such as Haryana and Himachal Pradesh [4] Ethnologue. 15th edition (2005). sometimes use the Devanāgarī script. Shahmukhi and Gurmukhī scripts [5] According to statpak.gov.pk 44.15% of the Pakistani speaks Punja are the most commonly ones used for writing Punjabi and are considered This translates to approximately 63 million Punjabi natively. the official scripts of the language. speakers according to the 2002 census (Total population: 143 Notes Notable authors Dictionaries • • • • • million). [6] Census of India, 2001 [7] Barbara Lust, James Gair. Lexical Anaphors and Pronouns in Selected South Asian Languages. Page 637. Walter de Gruyter, 1999. ISBN 9783110143881. [8] [1] [9] Phonemic Inventory of Punjabi Punjabi Dictionary English to Punjabi Dictionary [10] Geeti Sen. Crossing Boundaries. Orient Blackswan, 1997. ISBN Punjabi to English Dictionary Convert Punjabi word into English 9788125013419. Page 132. Quote: "Possibly, Punjabi is the only ma Online translator English to Punjabi, or vice-versa South Asian language that has this kind of tonal character. There Punjabi Dictionary (Gurmukhi) Punjabi Kosh Free Windows based Punjabi->English->Punjabi does seem to have been some speculation among scholars about dictionary 6 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Punjabi language possible origin of Punjabi's tone-language character but without anyTariq. 2006. The role of English in Pakistan with special • Rahman, final and convincing answer." reference to tolerance and militancy. In Amy Tsui et al., Language, [11] ^ Shackle 1970:240 policy, culture and identity in Asian contexts. Routledge. 219-240. [12] India's culture through the ages by Mohan Lal Vidyarthi. Published by C. 1970. Punjabi in Lahore. Modern Asian Studies, 4(3):239-2 • Shackle, Tapeshwari Sahitya Mandir, 1952. Page 148: "From the apabhramsha online at JSTOR. Available of Sauraseni are derived Punjabi, Western Hindi, Rajasthani and Gujerati [sic]..." [13] National Communication and Language Policy in India By Baldev Raj • Bhatia, Tej. 1993. Punjabi : a cognitive-descriptive grammar. Routledge Nayar. Published by F. A. Praeger, 1969. Page 35. "...Sauraseni Series: Descriptive grammars. Aprabhramsa from which have emerged the modern Western Hindi • Gill H.S. [Harjit Singh] and Gleason, H.A. 1969. A reference gramma and Punjabi." Punjabi. Revised edition. Patiala, Punjab, India: Languages [14] The Sauraseni Pr?krit Language. "This Middle Indic language Deparmtent, Punjab University. originated in Mathura, and was the main language used in drama in • Shackle, Northern India in the medieval period. Two of its descendants are C. 1972. Punjabi. London: English Universities Press. Hindi and Punjabi." [15] Language India. Volume 5 : 12 December 2005. Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. • Punjabi Primer - especially designed for those who know English [16] ^ Brass, Paul R. (2005). Language, Religion and Politics in North India. • Punjabi Software, Punjabi Language DVD, Punjabi Keyboard, Punja iUniverse. p. 326. ISBN 9780595343942. Magnetic, Alphabets, Punjabi Language and Grammar Books [17] The Adi Granth: Or The Holy Scriptures Of The Sikhs by Ernest • Panjabi learning resources Trumpp. 2004. ISBN 8121502446. • Help for [18] Punjabis Without Punjabi By Ishtiaq Ahmed. The News, 5/24/2008. transliteration • Yahoo in punjabi [19] Country Studies - Pakistan [20] "Punjabi Community". The United Kingdom Parliament. • Programme for indian languages • News, history, language [21] Punjabi is 4th most spoken language in Canada-Indians Abroad-The • Punjabi lessons Times of India • Download punjabi folk-songs [22] Masica 1991:25 • Punjabi radio on-line [23] Burling 1970:chapter on India • and [24] "Majhi" is a word used with reference to many other placesPunjab radio • Virtual dialects in north India; these have nothing to do with the Majhi keyboard • Learn Punjabi Online dialect of Punjabi • Colloquial [25] Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi Language, Panjabi, partially available at Google Books. • Punjabi language history Literature and Culture • A Punjabi to Hindi Machine Translation System [26] ^ Masica 1991:20 • Learn Gurmukhi - Sound and Graphics [27] e.g., Shackle 1970:240, Panjabi University in India, see below • Intuitive predictive transliteration technology for Punjabi [28] Ethnologue country pages for Pakistan and India; page for Indo• Dulai, Narinder K. 1989. A Pedagogical Grammar of Punjabi. Patiala: Aryan languages Indian [29] Harjeet Singh Gill, "The Gurmukhi Script", p. 397. In Daniels and Institute of Language Studies. • Dulai, Narinder K. and Omkar N Koul 1980. Punjabi Phonetic Bright, The World's Writing Systems. 1996. ReaderMysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages. • Koul, Omkar N. and Madhu Bala 1989. Modes of Address and Pronomin Usage in Punjabi. Mysore: Cenral Institute of Indian languages. • Koul, • Burling, Robbins. 1970. Man's many voices. New York: Holt, RinehartOmkar N. and Madhu Bala 1992. Punjabi Language and Linguist An Annotated Bibliography. Patiala: Indian Institute of Language Stud and Winston. • Koul, Omkar • Ethnologue. Indo-Aryan Classification of 219 languages that have been N. and Madhu Bala 2007. Punjabi Newspaper Reader. Springfield: assigned to the Indo-Aryan grouping of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Dunwoody Press. • Sukhvinder Singh 2006. Panjabi Phonology: A Sociolinguistic Study. De Indo-European languages. Indian Institute of Language Studies. • Ethnologue. Languages of India • http://www.punjabilearning.com/index.htm • Ethnologue. Languages of Pakistan • Grierson, George A. 1904-1928. Grierson's Linguistic Survey of India. Calcutta. • Masica, Colin. 1991. The Indo-Aryan languages. Cambridge Univ. Press. Further reading External links References Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language" Categories: Languages of Pakistan, Languages of India, Punjabi culture, Punjabi language, Tonal languages 7 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Punjabi language This page was last modified on 18 May 2009, at 08:35 (UTC). All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers 8
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Tags sleep, chill, relax, love, covers
Artists Max Schneider, Kurt Schneider, Elizabeth Gillies
August 30, 2012
24 tracks for those who are still hopeful.
Love the keane cover, awesome! great playlist
Obsessed with this mix.
i love the playlist:)
Beautiful songs
Make each moment better than the last by serendipitousbliss
sleep, chill, relax, love, covers


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Emergency Physician
9 years of experience
9 years of experience
401 W Campbell Rd
Richardson, TX 75080 Phone number & directions
Richardson, TX 75080 Phone number & directions
License & Identifications
A medical license is required for a doctor to practice medicine in a particular state. Requirements vary by state but most require, at a minimum, post-graduate training in the doctor's specific specialty. An NPI number is a national identifier unique to an individual health care provider and is managed by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
Learn more about Dr. Daryl Reese:
View the full profile to get information on:
- Qualifications
- What's important to you
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Patient Reviews
Have you visited Dr. Reese? Share your experience.
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Specialties & Research
Dr. Daryl Reese, MD is board certified in Emergency Medicine.
Education & Awards
Dr. Reese graduated from Howard University , Washington.
Dr. Reese has 3 hospital affiliations:
- Methodist Richardson Medical Center
- North Hills Hospital
- Plaza Medical Center
Home > Find an Emergency Physicians > TX > Richardson Emergency Physicians > Dr. Daryl Reese, MD
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- Additional Information
- Dr. Daryl Webster Reese MD is a male Emergency Medicine Specialist, has 9 years of experience and practices in Emergency Medicine.
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Dr. Daryl Reese practices Emergency Medicine near Richardson, TX.
See Richardson Emergency Physicians.


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Tenn. Judges: Merit selection should stand
The state's 29 current appellate court judges are in agreement that Tennessee's merit selection process should stand, one Supreme Court judge says.
Justice William Koch told the Tennessee Business Roundtable that while the system, also known as "The Tennessee Plan," is imperfect and may need some tinkering, it is a better solution than statewide elections for judges — an idea some are promoting.
The current merit selection process, by which a selection panel sends a list of three candidates to the governor and he selects one, expires June 30. Lawmakers must reapprove it or come up with a different solution.
Koch told the business leaders he is concerned about the effect that campaign money would have on judges' impartiality, were the state to require judges to run for election.
"All 29 of us believe in merit selection as an appropriate, effective and efficient way to select and retain judges," Koch says. "The cost of these races has turned from a trickle into a firehose."
The business roundtable is having its annual meeting downtown this afternoon. Speakers are to include Lt. Gov. Ron Ramsey and Gov. Phil Bredesen, as well as former U.S. Sen. Bill Frist.


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Be Careem: 6 Ramadan initiatives the car hire app is supporting
How will you make a difference this Holy Month?July 2, 2015 3:00
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Abu Dhabi's TAQA drops 5.4 pct after saying no merger talks
Qatar's Doha Bank raises 2 bln riyal Tier 1 capital-boosting bond
Dubai's Drake & Scull increases GCC ownership limit to 100 pct
Abu Dhabi's TAQA says not holding merger talks
Gold languishes below $1,170 ahead of U.S. jobs data
Kuwait parliament approves budget with $27 billion deficit
Saudi's Mobily to reissue 2014, Q1 2015 results after regulator probe
Dubai Holding appoints new managing director, CEO
HSBC Bank Oman agrees to sell Pakistan business to Meezan Bank
European tour operators evacuate thousands from Tunisia after attack
The agenda of the GCC summit, which begins on Monday, will revolve around the money matters in Dubai and the creation of a new currency.
December 13, 2009 1:54 by Aarti Nagraj
US-based Pacific Investment Management (Pimco), which manages $940.4 billion in assets as of September, said last week that it is planning to buy debts of government-owned in Qatar and Abu Dhabi.
"We're coming and buying," Michael Gomez, co-head of emerging markets at the fund manager, told Bloomberg. "In any sell-off, we'll be accumulating even more. We think they're cheap," he said.
"Those who were spooked by Dubai are giving a nice profit to anybody who knows the region and understands that Qatar, Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait are much stronger credits," Roy Maurer, managing-director of Qatar's QNB Capital told the Telegraph. "Funds are building up positions significantly," he added.
But it's not just the Dubai debacle that will be discussed at the summit; the Gulf monetary union, which was approved during the summit last year, will take center stage this year once again. The project, which has been postponed since 2001, received a further blow this year, after the UAE announced that it would opt out of the GCC single currency plan. Officials in the country were angry about the decision to have the regional central bank in Riyadh.
Do you think Dubai's debt crisis has been blown out of proportion by the world's press?
December 13 2009
Say what, Hariri?
December 13 2009


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Weekly Wrap Up With Phil Pearlman
- Posted by JC Parets
- on April 19th, 2013
This week was definitely a volatile one. You can tell people are starting to get a little bit more emotional about this market. Phil and I did a quick video about some of the things we're seeing out there. We discussed the continued strength in dividend paying names, weakness in the resource space, money flowing into US Treasuries and some important S&P support levels.
Casual Friday today at Eagle Bay Capital Headquarters. That's only allowed in bull markets!
Tags: $USDJPY $FXY $SPX $SPY $DIA $DJIA $TLT $TNX $ZN_F $XME $KOL
Full Disclosure: Nothing on this site should ever be considered to be advice, research or an invitation to buy or sell any securities, please see my Terms & Conditions page for a full disclaimer.blog comments powered by Disqus
J.C. Parets is the Founder & President of Eagle Bay Capital, LLC. He is a 10-year veteran and Market Technician who actively manages money incorporating Technical Analysis and Behavioral Finance into his practice. JC's work has been featured regularly on CNBC, Fox Business, Bloomberg, Business News Network, Wall Street Journal and Yahoo Finance among many other financial media outlets. More...
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Christianity.com: What is the right way to defend the Christian faith? - William Edgar
The fact that the humans being able to have genuine Christian faith is itself a super-natural work of the Holy Spirit. Apologetices must be more for believers rather than for non-believers. All able Christians must read the Holy Bible, the Word of God, and also learn to defend the Faith in every way possible. We are commanded to love God with all our mind, and humans will never stop thinking. As the image-bearers of God, we humans constantly think, and along with other abilities, that ability to know and think must be used to honor God and love Him more. The Western Civilization uniquely developed intelligence in the process of clarifying the Biblical doctrines. As one learns the Christian apologetics, he ends up exploring God's Word, His creation world, logic and language, and the nature of humanity. Knowledge alone is far from everything, but genuine knowledge sure helps humans to have stronger faith in God, as all truth is God's truth. And of course, living out God's truth by His people is one of the strongest ways to defend the Faith.


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College Policy Number/Title:
Definition of Classification
Howard Community College positions are evaluated for grade level by the human resources office based on the nature of the work performed, educational requirements and other knowledge. The specific factors used in evaluating jobs are: (1) job complexity; (2) education and experience; (3) scope and impact; (4) supervision received; (5) working relationships; (6) work environment; and (7) physical demands. The resulting outcome of the evaluation is called the "classification" of a position.
Process of Classification
In evaluating and classifying positions, the college uses one or more of the following: job descriptions, personal interviews, position analysis questionnaire, and desk audits. These provide a detailed basis for evaluating the nature and complexity of the work. Requests for classifying new positions or reclassifying existing ones are initiated by the appropriate supervisor during the budget planning process for review by the president or the area vice president and the office of human resources during the college's annual planning cycle. Requests for reclassifying positions can also occur during reexamination of the duties of the position such as at the time of recruitment or with a departmental reorganization.
Result of Classification
The classification of a job may or may not result in a promotion or compensation adjustments for the incumbent. Normally, when a job is reclassified as part of a college-wide compensation study, this will not be considered a promotion and will not result in a promotional increase.
Effective Date: 03/13/15


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VIEWS: 0 PAGES: 12 CATEGORY: Education POSTED ON: 3/5/2010 Public Domain
COURSE TITLE: GOOGLE EARTH ACROSS THE CURRICULUM NO OF CREDITS: 5 QUARTER CREDITS WA or OR HRS: 50 [semester equivalent = 3.33 credits] CEUs: 5.0** INSTRUCTOR: GLENN MONAHAN, B.S. 406.691.1135 NANCY SCHULTZ, M.Ed. firstname.lastname@example.com COMPLETION DATE: 6 months from your registration date. LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: This course requires assignment responses to be posted in a password-secured ONLINE website hosted by The Heritage Institute. COURSE DESCRIPTION: Google Earth (GE) surely ranks as one of the most significant educational computer applications ever created; it has the potential to be a highly impactful teaching and learning tool for all subject areas, and will heighten your student's level of global awareness. This powerful educational resource can be used in secondary disciplines such as geography, social studies, math, science, and language arts, as well as at the elementary school level. The foundation of GE is its database of satellite images, covering our entire planet that provides the ability to scrutinize Earth's surface, its ocean floors, Mars, the Moon, and the heavens. Additionally, there are numerous websites that contain GE lesson plans to help teachers access and share ideas about using GE in the classroom. Examples of topics that can be explored with GE - both quantitatively and qualitatively - include global warming, economics, natural resources, population trends, endangered species, weather and climate, agriculture, mapping, measuring, the oceans, plate tectonics, astronomy, planetary science, and more. Participants in this course will learn how to download and use the Google Earth program, explore many of the interactive datasets that can be merged with Google Earth, create a Google Earth Tour, investigate websites that offer Google Earth lesson plans and ideas, and will create a GE teaching unit for their classroom. There is no additional material fee. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of this course, participants will have: 1. Learned to download Google Earth application onto their computer from the Google Earth Website. 2. Developed a strong working knowledge of all of the navigation techniques and tools in the Google Earth program. 3. Thoroughly perused the Google Earth Tutorial to develop a solid foundation for using Google Earth. 4. Explored a number of websites that offer examples of classroom applications of Google Earth in a variety of academic disciplines and grade levels. 5. Integrated their command of Google Earth techniques and tools to create a Google Earth tour for use as a classroom lecture/demonstration session, and create a Google Earth teaching unit for use in their classroom. COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Participants will complete assignments and post responses online to specific questions outlined for each assignment. Completion of all specified assignments is required for issuance of hours or credit. The Heritage Institute does not award partial credit. **5.0 Continuing Education Units (CEUs) translate into 50 hours. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 1 Approved10/14/2009. HOURS EARNED INFORMATION Completing the basic assignments (Section A: Information Acquisition) for this course automatically earns participants their choice of 50 Washington State Clock Hours, 50 Oregon PDUs or 5 CEUs (**Continuing Education Units), which translates into 50 hours. The Heritage Institute is an approved provider of Washington State Clock Hours, Oregon PDUs and CEUs by IACET (International Association of Continuing Education and Training), an official national and international certifier of CEUs.) UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT INFORMATION UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT OPTION 400 & 500 LEVEL Teachers may opt to register for five (5) Antioch University, Seattle, 400 or 500 level quarter credits, instead of hours, and will be required to: 1. Complete all assignments for clock hours/CEUs (Section A: Information Acquisition). 2. Complete the extra reading/viewing, writing and classroom application assignments specified in the syllabus for the 400 or 500 level credit option (Section B: Learning Application). 3. Complete an Integration Paper by answering 5 questions (Section C: Integration Paper). REQUIREMENTS FOR UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT Antioch University Seattle requires 75% or better for credit at the 400 level (Upper Division) and 85% or better to issue credit at the 500 level (Post-Baccalaureate). These criteria refer both to the amount of work submitted as well as the quality of work as determined by each instructor. 1. Completion of Information Acquisition assignments 30% 2. Completion of Learning Application assignments 40% 3. Completion of Integration Paper assignment 30% CREDIT/NO CREDIT (No Letter Grades or Numeric Equivalents on Transcripts) Antioch University Seattle Continuing Education Quarter credit is offered on a Credit/No Credit basis; neither letter grades nor numeric equivalents will show on a transcript. At the 400 level credit granted is equal to a "C" or better, and at the 500 level credit granted is equal to a "B" or better. This information is stated on the back of the transcript. ADDITIONAL COURSE INFORMATION REQUIRED TECHNOLOGY & WEBSITES: • You will need a high-speed (DSL) Internet connection and a computer to use Google Earth. • You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to read PDF documents, if not on your computer, download a free copy from our website, www.hol.edu. • Google Earth - Download the program at http://earth.google.com/index.html. • Google Earth Users Guide – available through the Google Earth program's menu. • Google Earth Tutorial - available through the Google Earth program's menu. • Google Earth Community - http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php/Cat/0 This is a Google-hosted forum that provides a rich location for sharing Google Earth techniques and discoveries. There are hundreds of threads and thousands of posts. Registration is required to access this free forum, which offers many interesting uses for GE. The instructors highly recommend that you join this forum. REQUIRED TEXTBOOK: There is no required printed textbook for this course. Instead, you will access the online Google Earth Users Guide, and additional online Google Earth lesson plans. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 2 Approved10/14/2009. GETTING STARTED: Once you have registered for the course, you will be sent an email that contains the website address, password and course key that you need to access your online course, along with instructions on how to log into the online system. • The assignments listed in this syllabus are also listed at the bottom of each online course document. Access each assignment and enter your responses online. We suggest that you write your responses in a WORD document and then do a copy/paste function into the Responses box. • When you have completed all assignments for the course, CLICK the 'ALL ASSIGNMENTS COMPLETED' option. The instructor will be notified that you have completed all assignments. • The instructor will review your work and enter his/her responses online. You will be notified by email when the instructor has marked the course completed, and you will be instructed to log in and view the instructor's comments. At that time, you can also SAVE a complete copy of the course assignments and responses. NOTES TO ALL PARTICIPANTS: • Unlike a live workshop, you are not required to be present (i.e. online) at specific days or time, participants will work at their own pace. • All responses will be posted online. Large documents or files may be attached as part of your response by using the "Share A File" option. • To maintain privacy, please do not refer to students in your papers by their actual names, but rather use an alias or designation such as "Student A." ADDITIONAL NOTES: • You will need a high-speed (DSL) Internet connection. • Prior to beginning the following assignments, you must download the Google Earth program onto your computer. To do this, please go to Required Technology &Websites, listed above and follow the downloading instructions. Continue to the next page for assignments required for Washington Clock Hours, Oregon PDUs, CEUs, or for University Quarter Credit. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 3 Approved10/14/2009. ASSIGNMENTS for CLOCK HRS/PDUs, CEUs, 400 or 500 LEVEL UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT A. INFORMATION ACQUISITION Assignment #1: Introduce Yourself Introduce yourself by describing your professional situation, reasons for being interested in this course, what you expect to take away, and your general level of experience and proficiency with instruction that incorporates some level of technology, including the Internet. Post your 1-2 page paper in the online response box. Assignment #2: Google Earth Navigation Techniques and Tools • Open the Google Earth program and from the 'Help" menu, access the "User Guide". This extensive and thorough guide contains detailed instructions for using all of the important features and tools contained in Google Earth, organized as chapters in the table of contents at the top of User Guide. • Thoroughly explore the User Guide, and practice the techniques for using Google Earth that are described therein; follow all of the links from the User Guide to learn about more advanced Google Earth techniques and features. Your goal should be to develop a solid working knowledge of the potential of Google Earth. Write a 1-2 page paper and post in the online response box, describing your experience in learning Google Earth with the User Guide, and your ideas as to how Google Earth may be useful in your classroom. Assignment #3 Google Earth Tutorial Lessons From the Google Earth "Help" menu, access the "Tutorial". Please progress sequentially through all of the lessons that are offered in the Tutorial and follow all links. Again, your goal should be mastery of Google Earth's capabilities. Write a 1-2 page paper and post in the online response box, describing additional techniques that you learned from the tutorial that may be useful in your classroom. Assignment #4: The Google Earth Tools Panel • The Google Earth "Toolbar" occupies the top of the GE screen. The tools that are available here provide users with the ability to utilize and manipulate Google Earth content, developing a command of these tools is important for maximizing the educational potential of GE. • Experiment with each of the tools so as to develop an understanding of how each of them would be useful for using Google Earth in the classroom. For example, the Historical Imagery tool can be used to generate comparative views of the New Orleans area both before and after Hurricane Katrina. Write a 2-page paper on the following components of the toolbar, posting in the online response box: a) The "Record a Tour" tool, the "Historical Imagery" tool, and the "Earth, Sky, Planets" tool. b) Three (3) additional tools of your choosing. For each of the six tools above, describe ways in which they could be used in classroom applications of Google Earth. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 4 Approved10/14/2009. Assignment #5: The Google Earth Layers Panel The GE "Layers" panel provides easy access to large number of important and interesting datasets that are provided by Google, and can be accessed from directly within the GE program, without having to utilize the Internet. When a user activates a checkbox, clickable icons appear as overlays on GE, and clicking on them can open a plethora of information. By thoroughly exploring this section of GE, teachers will discover a wide array of useful materials for the classroom. • One example of a powerful dataset is UNEP (United Nations Environment Program), which can be found as a sub-category in the "Global Awareness" Layer; this layer provides access to "before and after" satellite images that demonstrate the dramatic (and often destructive) impacts of human induced changes to our planet, such as mining, overpopulation, and urban sprawl. • A second example is Weather, which includes real-time National Weather Service data that is superimposed over the Google Earth base layer. For this assignment, please conduct a thorough exploration of all the various datasets that are available in the "Layers" panel. A few are of a commercial nature, but the vast majority offers a diverse look at our world. Write a 2-page paper and post in the online response box: a) Summarize five (5) datasets that would be of potential use in your classroom. b) For each dataset, provide a description of the information that is presented, and its potential educational use in your classroom. User Tip: As you select individual datasets from the Layers Panel it may be necessary to zoom in onto Earth's surface to make their icons viewable for selecting with the mouse. Assignment #6: Google Earth Lesson Plan Explore the Internet to learn how other educators are using Google Earth in their classrooms. • First, explore the web pages provided in the bibliography which show how Google Earth has been used not only for geography but also science applications, language arts, math and other disciplines. • Next do some searching of your own using search phrases like: Google earth lessons, Google earth for teachers, Google earth for science teaching etc. • Focus on material that is relevant to your teaching situation (grade level and/or academic discipline). Write a 1-2 page paper and post the following assignment in the online response box: Prepare an annotated bibliography for at least four examples, describing how the lessons may be useful to you in your teaching situation, as well as modifications that you feel may be warranted; including web address (URL) for each of the lessons. Assignment #7: Google Earth Tour Create a Google Earth "tour" specific for your grade level and/or academic discipline, which you could either use as GE practice or to implement in your classroom. To do this you will incorporate many of the techniques that learned from the Tutorial and User Guide. Additional help can be found at a number of websites, which can be found by using a search engine (keywords – "Google Earth Tours"). • One such website can be found at the following address: http://www.googletouring.com/create.php. • A second resource for tours is the Google Earth Gallery. • Incorporate as many tools and techniques into your tour as possible demonstrating a high level of mastery of Google Earth. Post a copy of your tour, then briefly describe the tour; discuss the tour's strengths as well as problems that you encountered and solutions. Post the 1-2 page paper in the online response box. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 5 Approved10/14/2009. User Tip: When you download tours from remote sites, focus on the components of the tour that appear in your GE "Places" window and try the following two techniques: • First, turn the individual components on and off by checking/un-checking the square checkbox. This will give you the option of displaying individual tour components independent of the others. • Second, double click on the title of each tour component; this will often open a descriptive window that explains the content of the component with text, pictures, and hyperlinks. This completes the assignments required for Washington Clock Hours, Oregon PDUs, or CEUs. Continue to the next section for additional assignments required for University Quarter Credit. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 6 Approved10/14/2009. ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENTS REQUIRED for 400 or 500 LEVEL UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT B. LEARNING APPLICATION In this section you will have an opportunity to apply your learning to your professional situation. This course assumes that most participants are classroom teachers who have access to students. If you are not teaching in a classroom, please contact the instructor for course modifications. If you are a classroom teacher and start or need to complete this course during the summer, please try to apply your ideas when possible with youth from your neighborhood, at a local public library or parks department facility (they will often be glad to sponsor community-based learning), or with students in another teacher's summer classroom. Assignment #8: (Required for 400 and 500 Level) Google Earth Classroom Teaching Unit • Create a teaching unit using Google Earth. The teaching unit should be designed so as to occupy at least 3 hours of classroom time, and it should be composed first, of a teacher led session that familiarizes students with Google Earth. Part of your teacher-led session should include using a tour that you create. The second part of your teaching unit should be the creation of hands-on student activity that engages students in working with Google Earth in support of the subject/information you want students to learn. • Implement your teaching unit with students if you are taking this course during the school year. If you do not have a classroom, work with students in a summer school session or from your own neighborhood. For the elementary classroom, the teaching unit should be targeted to your grade level; for middle and secondary classrooms, the unit should be specific for the academic subject area that you teach (e.g. math, social studies, science, language arts). The student work can be done in a school computer lab or as homework. Post a copy of the tour that you used in your teacher led session with your students. Then post the following assignments in the online response box: a) A two page narrative that provides a detailed discussion of the activity, and describing the goals and learning outcomes of the activity b) An outline of the activity that clearly shows the scope and sequence of learning activities in which your students will be engaged. c) Then implement your teaching unit with students if you are taking this course during the school year. If you do not have a classroom, work with students in a summer school session or from your own neighborhood, and write a 1-2 page description of (a) what went well (b) what could be improved and (c) send samples of exemplary student work, including , if you choose, photos or videos links (posted on YouTube). Continue to the next section for additional assignments required for University Quarter Credit. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 7 Approved10/14/2009. ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENTS REQUIRED for 400 or 500 LEVEL UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT Assignment #9: For 400 Level – Complete Part A only For 500 Level – Complete Part A and Part B Part A: (400 & 500 Level) Choose and complete ONE (1) of the following: 1) Prepare a PowerPoint presentation in-service for other teachers on what you learned in this course. Upload your response using the "Share A File" option in the online environment. OR 2) Work collaboratively with a colleague to develop a conceptualized plan that describes how you would use Google Earth in a cross-curricular application, for example math and science, language arts and social studies, or science and social studies. Write and post your 2-3 page paper in the online response box describing the plan, emphasizing the advantages of doing so with Google Earth, as compared with other means. If you and your colleague proceed with the development and implementation of your plan, please include an outline. OR 3) Another assignment of your own design, with the instructors' prior approval. Part B: (500 Level only) In addition to the 400 level work, choose and complete the remaining TWO (2) options from this assignment, Part A above, posting all in the online response box. ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENTS REQUIRED for 400 or 500 LEVEL UNIVERSITY QUARTER CREDIT C. INTEGRATION PAPER Assignment # 10: Integration Paper (Required for 400 and 500 Level Credit) Complete the requirements for university quarter credit by submitting a final Integration Paper of 2-3 pages. A heading is required; please use the following format. Your Name: Date: Course Name: Course Number: # of Credits: Level: (400 or 500) Advisor Name: Respond to each of the 5 questions below. (First list the question and then write your answer) 1. What did you learn vs. what you expected to learn from this course? 2. What aspects of the course were most helpful and why? 3. What further knowledge and skills in this general area do you feel you need? 4. How, when and where will you use what you have learned? 5. How and with what other school or community members might you share what you learned? Google Earth Across the Curriculum 8 Approved10/14/2009. INSTRUCTOR COMMENTS ON YOUR WORK: Be sure to mark the "All Assignments Completed" section in the online course environment as this will notify the instructor that you have completed the course. Upon receiving notification of your completion of all course assignments, your instructor will provide written comments online. QUALIFICATIONS FOR TEACHING THIS COURSE: Glenn Monahan, B.S., studies geology at Montana State University; he was a junior high earth science teacher for 15 years, and a park ranger in Yellowstone National Park for 5 years. Nancy Schultz, M.Ed., was an elementary teacher for 30 years and a park ranger in Mount Rainier National Park. Both instructors have been teaching classes for The Heritage Institute since 1992. They live in Bozeman, Montana. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 9 Approved10/14/2009. GOOGLE EARTH ACROSS THE CURRICULUM BIBLIOGRAPHY The bibliography contains Google Earth websites categorized by curriculum. General Sites for Google Earth For Educators: GeoEducation Home Page https://www.google.com/support/sites/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=153055 This is Google's Home Page for educators, and provides a portal to introductory information about Google Earth, Google Sky, and Google Maps. Google Earth Blog http://www.gearthblog.com/index.html This interesting site contains a wide variety of GE tips, techniques, and provides a forum for GE enthusiasts to share some interesting discoveries made with GE. Google Earth Community http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php/Cat/0 This is a Google-hosted forum that provides a place for sharing Google Earth techniques and discoveries. Registration is required to access this free forum, which offers many interesting uses for GE. The instructors highly recommend that you join this forum. Google Earth Design: How to Create a Simple Tour http://googleearthdesign.blogspot.com/2009/02/howto-create-simple-tour.html Another helpful site for creating Google Earth tours. Google Earth Lessons: An Educational Resource for Teachers http://gelessons.com/ This is a large website for teachers, with many resources found within the site's various layers. Of particular interest is the "Lessons" link, which allows teachers to view lessons that are sorted by academic discipline. Google For Educators http://www.google.com/educators/index.html The official Google Earth site for educators. An especially useful link is "Sites for Teachers". Ten ways to Google-up Your School Projects http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/googlecoursework.html A website designed for secondary students that shows them Google Earth tips, and techniques for incorporating into their school projects. This will be especially useful as a resource for teaching student creative ways to use Google Earth's tools and resources. Tutorial: Creating A Google Earth Tour http://www.googletouring.com/create.php A tour in Google Earth is a user-created slide show that is assembled by taking snapshots of user- selected Google Earth images. This website provides clear, easy to follow instructions for creating a tour. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 10 Approved10/14/2009. Geography Modeling Sea Level Change on the Gold Coast http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/sealevel.htm This valuable global-warming related activity demonstrates the step-by-step procedures for modeling sea- level change with Google Earth, with Africa's Gold Coast as an example; the techniques can be applied to any geographic location in the world. San Francisco: Visualizing a Safer City -Google Earth Overlays to the Rescue! http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/googleearthsanfran.htm Offers students the opportunity to participate in land-use planning for locating a new hospital in earthquake-prone San Francisco by utilizing Google Earth overlays of seismic risk maps, population density maps, and topography. Also included is a pdf reference file to guide teachers through the activity. The Diamond Trade http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/diamonds.htm This is a Google Earth tour that takes the user on an investigation of the diamond trade, showing the dramatic toll that diamond mining has on the landscape and local mining-based society. The tour includes satellite imagery of the diamond mines, and photographs with descriptions that follows the diamonds from the human squalor of the mining towns to the opulence of a Paris jewelry store. Language Arts Google Earth and Discovery Education United Streaming http://www.google.com/educators/p_earth_discovery.html Another Google site that contains many social studies, geography, and language arts lesson plans, including The Red Badge of Courage, and the American Civil War. Google Literature Trips: For Language Arts http://googlelittrips.com/ This site contains teacher created Google Earth tours to accompany literary works that are used in literature classes. Arranged by grade level. An example from this site is the novel, "A Family Apart", by Joan Lowery Nixon. This website contains a downloadable GE tour that allows the reader to follow the character's travels in the novel with Google Earth, and includes links to Internet sites that describe the historical and socio-economic settings in which the novel is set. Storybook Settings by Satellite: Google Earth for Language Arts & Reading Class http://terry-freedman.org.uk/artman/publish/printer_978.php Math Classroom 2.0: New Website for Teaching Math With Google Earth http://www.classroom20.com/forum/topics/649749:Topic:127632?id=649749%3ATopic%3A127632&page =2#comments This site is a forum for teachers who have been using Google Earth for math-based activities. Google Earth Math Problems: Using Area and Proportion http://www.scribd.com/doc/16046297/Google-Earth-Math-Problems-Using-Area-and-Proportions Contains 3 math-based samples of classroom uses for Google Earth. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 11 Approved10/14/2009. Google Earth Rate and Speed Problems http://www.joewoodonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/gerateprobs.pdf This is an individual teacher's website with some GE lesson plans and worksheets. Real World Math: Using Google Earth in the Math Curriculum http://realworldmath.org/Real_World_Math/RealWorldMath.org.html Within this site you will find lesson ideas, examples, and downloads for mathematics that embrace active learning, constructivism, and project-based learning while remaining true to the standards. X-TREME Geometry: Intense Right Triangles - Teacher's Resource Page http://www.gelessons.com/lessons/studentcontrol/k12math/xtremetriangles/index.html This site presents a geometry/trigonometry-based lesson plan with Google Earth, using ski slopes. The site contains a complete teachers guide to the activity, student worksheets, video tutorials, and a downloadable Google Earth tour that place marks major ski areas across the U.S. Science Designing and Creating Earth Science Lessons with Google Earth http://www.stevekluge.com/projects/dlesege/dlesegemanual/manual.html A step-by-step discussion with examples of how to create GE lessons emphasizing on Earth Science. Google Earth Blog: Science Archives http://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/science/ This site contains some interesting applications of Google Earth for the science classroom. Juicy Geography http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/ This is a rich website from a British educator. It contains many creative lessons using GE as well as links to other earth-imaging educational tools. Studying Earth's Tectonic Plates with Google Earth http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=286222&site_id=1 This GE forum provides a link to a Google Earth overlay providing a highly detailed and instructional map of Earth's tectonic plates. Users can turn overlays on and off to examine plate boundaries, plate names, categories of plates, plate rotation points. To access the data click on the link under "Attachments" – GE will automatically open and the overlays will automatically appear in the GE "Places" window. Social Studies Classroom 2.0: Social Studies http://www.classroom20.com/forum/topics/using-google-earth-for-social This site is a forum where social studies teachers share experiences in using GE in the classroom. Measuring Greece http://www.rcs.k12.va.us/ctsol/ct_sol/3_5/lessons/measuring_greece.pdf This is a complete lesson plan for third grade that combines a Google Earth exploration of ancient Greek buildings with math skills to measure the sizes of those buildings. Oliver's Journey http://www.rcs.k12.va.us/ctsol/ct_sol/k2/lessons/journey.pdf This is a lesson plan and rubric for a social studies/language arts cross curricular activity. Google Earth Across the Curriculum 12 Approved10/14/2009.
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text: We stayed for 4 days and enjoyed our stay very much. So peaceful, great breakfast, close to the beach (at this time of year, for great walks) and convenient for touring North or South from there. The hosts live upstairs and were present and helpful but discreet. We had some interesting conversations. We had the large suite (with plenty of... More


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Quantum Optics Programs & Projects
(showing 1 - 12 of 12)
Single Photonics and Quantum Information
Last Updated Date: 06/26/2015
The smallest unit of light is a "photon". Generation, manipulation and measurement of light at or near the fundamental limit of a photon can … more
Quantum State Manipulation of Ultra-cold Fermionic and Bosonic Atoms
Last Updated Date: 06/19/2015
This theoretical research is done in collaboration with scientists at the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) and the Center for Quantum Information and … more
Light-matter Interactions in Semiconductor Nanostructures
Last Updated Date: 06/03/2015
The quantum optics of light interacting with semiconductor-based nanostructures is being studied to extend concepts of entanglement and coherence … more
Quantum information technology and correlated photon radiometry
Last Updated Date: 06/03/2015
We develop methods and devices to further radiometric techniques and quantum information technology. This includes developing and characterizing … more
Nanostructure Fabrication and Metrology
Last Updated Date: 12/11/2014
Single photons are the fundamental particles for all optical measurements. Single photon detectors made from avalanche photodiodes or … more
Last Updated Date: 10/14/2014
Quantum science and engineering has the potential to revolutionize 21st century technology in much the same way that lasers, electronics, and … more
Quantum Physics Theory
Last Updated Date: 04/29/2014
Theoretical work relevant to the determination of values of the fundamental constants, tests of bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED), and … more
Frequency Conversion Interfaces for Photonic Quantum Systems
Last Updated Date: 07/02/2013
Optical frequency conversion, in which the color of light is changed, is a process that has numerous applications in physics and technology. For … more
Measuring Light-Matter Interactions in Chip-Based Optical Cavities
Last Updated Date: 04/11/2013
Measuring interactions between light and matter has both fundamental and practical importance. For example, lasers have had a profound influence … more
Micro- and Nano-Mechanical Systems
Last Updated Date: 07/25/2012
Micro- and nano-optomechanical systems are being investigated experimentally to bring these systems toward the quantum limit, study quantum … more
Applied Quantum Information Science
Last Updated Date: 05/30/2012
Theory is being developed and used to devise methods for preserving and exploiting the quantum behavior of ever-larger systems and finding … more
Designing the Nanoworld: Nanostructures, Nanodevices, and Nanooptics
Last Updated Date: 05/30/2012
Nanoscale theory of the electronic, optical and mechanical properties of ultrasmall structures, devices and their dynamical operation and the … more
ContactGeneral Information:
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FOX (ended 2000)
Ditto for me!
1. brenda
2. toni
3. gina
4. kelly
I dont really want to put Val in there because that was mroe of a fling than anything, we didnt get to see them all "couple-y" so I feel like I cant make a fair choice on that..
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Juha Palomäki
Apparently, this user prefers to keep an air of mystery about them.
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Want to make sure I am not dreaming this!...lol
100m cap after pii topline
I don't see you 2nd post.
Sentiment: Buy
When is that?
Sentiment: Buy
It's snowing $cash, thnks Santa you made my Xmas.
I think I finally CAUGHT the right train instead of being run over by it:):)
I've only been here since I bought 35k a day after halloween. Congrats to the true longs though. I hope to become one. Not selling a single share until we get to a dollar in which case just enough for the original investment.
Isn't this fun, Kar? Especially for those of us who've been here the whole time. Cheers!
Yes it is Tag.
Nothing beats accumulating low and watching your stock go BOOM!!!!
steve ......it's awesome , that's all I can say.
It is real... It is brewing, it is just the beginning.


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IRAN (Is Not The Problem)
233 Views 0 Comments 01:19:11 - Posted by DocumentaryTube
Categories: Political
This 2008 documentary claims that Iran is not the quite the evil demon that the western media has portrayed it to be. Iran (Is Not The Problem) instead focuses on the failures of the western media to accurately portray the threat, or lack of threat, of the country of Iran. A new and interesting perspective on the geopolitical effects of the media and international relations.
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The Lodge of Four SeasonsRead MoreProperty Location When you stay at Lodge Of Four Seasons in Lake Ozark, you'll be on a lake and within the vicinity of Gran Rally Karts. This beach resort is within the region of Ozark Caverns. Rooms Make yourself at home in one of the 359 air-conditioned guestrooms. Complimentary wired and wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming provides entertainment. Bathrooms have designer toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include complimentary weekday newspapers and coffee/tea makers, as well as direct-dial phones with free local calls and voice mail. Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities Relax and unwind with massages, body treatments, and facials. After a day at the private beach, you can enjoy other recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and an indoor pool. Additional features include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and babysitting/childcare. Dining Enjoy a meal at one of the resort's dining establishments, which include 3 restaurants and a coffee shop/café. From your room, you can also access room service (during limited hours). Relax with a refreshing drink from a poolside bar or one of the 4 bars/lounges. Business, Other Amenities Featured amenities include a business center, business services, and audiovisual equipment. Event facilities at this resort consist of conference/meeting rooms, banquet facilities, and exhibit space. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge, and free parking is available onsite.315 Four Seasons DriveLake Ozark, MO US