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IDAHO COOPERATIVE AGENCIES' WIRELESS INTEROPERABLE NETWORK (I-C-A-WIN) Achieving Radio Interoperability in Idaho STATEWIDE INTEROPERABILITY EXECUTIVE COUNCIL (SIEC) http://www.bhs.idaho.gov/ REVISION 2 Amended January 2009 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3 Statement of Purpose ........................................................................................................ 3 What is Interoperability ...................................................................................................... 4 How We Got Here ............................................................................................................... 5 Idaho's Status ..................................................................................................................... 6 Local Government Communications Planning........................................................... 7 Governance .............................................................................................................. 8 Radio Studies ..................................................................................................................... 9 Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP) .................. 9 CTA Communications .............................................................................................. 9 The Goal .............................................................................................................................10 A Tiered Approach ............................................................................................................10 State Level Radio System ........................................................................................11 County/Regional/Tribal Level Radio Systems ..........................................................11 City/Local/Other Level Radio Systems .....................................................................11 Implementation Steps and Timelines ...............................................................................11 In Years Past ...........................................................................................................12 Present ....................................................................................................................13 Future Years ............................................................................................................14 Connecting to Disparate Radio Systems .........................................................................16 Conclusion and Recommendation ...................................................................................16 Appendix A: Interoperability Continuum Appendix B: Map Appendix C: Resolution (with validating notes) Appendix D: 700 MHz Radio Survey (ICTAP) Appendix E: Planning Elements for County Interoperable Emergency Communications Plans (SIEC) Appendix F: Methodology of Connecting to the 700 MHz Radio System Appendix G: Idaho Statewide Conceptual Design Report (CTA Communications) Appendix H: Governance Structure Appendix I: Terms and Definitions 2 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Introduction In 2005, the Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council provided the first version of the I-C-A-WIN concept document. Revision 1 was completed in April 2007. As anticipated, the I- C-A-WIN project has realized significant progress in the arenas of politics, economics and human achievement. This revised version addresses how I-C-A-WIN is moving from concept to reality. It examines purpose, interoperability, how we got to where we are today, our current statewide status, local government's progress, and the way forward. In addition, it conveys a direction from the SIEC to Idaho's public safety community to facilitate achieving the ultimate goal of a standards-based shared communications system for public safety service and support providers. This document provides strategic direction for immediate and future work toward this goal, and is based upon what is known and available today concerning interoperability. Statement of Purpose The Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council (SIEC), with broad representation from first response, administrative and operational agencies at all levels of government in Idaho, has drafted the following amended Concept to provide guidance in the development of interoperable communications. Information and data were collected to identify the current status and to assist in the development of a vision for the future of interoperable communications in Idaho. Additionally, this document is designed to provide some general guidance for all levels of government regarding current implementation and future enhancements toward interoperable communications for all public safety agencies. The SIEC was tasked to provide policy level direction in Idaho Code, and as such, the SIEC is obligated to report our findings to the Governor followed by a release of the information to the public. It should be clearly understood that this is not a detailed plan on how to engineer such a statewide system, but rather a direction and goal to move toward to accomplish more effective communications on a daily basis as well as during catastrophic events. This amended Concept contains some general types of actions that will be beneficial to federal, state, local and tribal levels of government if pursued and implemented. It also contains some time frames to keep us all moving in the right direction, culminating on Jan. 1, 2013 which is the target date in the Federal Communication Commission's (FCC) regulations for narrow banding of all radios in the public safety sector. The SIEC has included some guidelines for counties to use to assess their own communications plan/capability and has provided some recommended immediate and low financial impact steps to improve the use of current systems. One issue that continues to be misunderstood is the reference to the 700 MHz backbone system. It should be clearly understood that while 700 MHz appears to provide the most capacity and options for the system as a whole, this amended Concept clearly recognizes that some areas of the state and some agencies will likely continue to operate in the VHF (130- 170MHz) or the UHF (400-500MHz) bands and that will be accommodated in the final statewide system as necessary. This document recognizes that agencies at all levels of government will continue to maintain, improve and add to their radio communications systems in order to conduct daily business. It is 3 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network the hope of the SIEC that this document will encourage agencies to take the future into consideration in that process and look at how to invest their funds wisely in interoperable communications. Finally, it should be clearly understood that this is an amended document for a continuing process and not an end in and of itself. There are many technical components which will require further explanation and education by those involved in radio communications. The SIEC will seek wide distribution and encourage open communication with all of those impacted by this process. Many constructive ideas will be contributed back into the process as groups around our great state meet and discuss the issue of radio communications. The SIEC offers this Concept as guidance and assistance in radio communications and data planning. What is interoperability? Interoperability allows two entities with disparate communications equipment and/or infrastructure to communicate when required. In public safety, there are three situations where interoperability is required; (1) everyday operations, (2) first response, and (3) multi-agency taskforce operations. Everyday operations consist of any requirement to communicate with another agency on a frequent basis where as first response and multi-agency taskforce operations generally occur when emergency situations arise. The US Department of Homeland Security's SAFECOM initiative defines five levels of interoperability designed to improve public safety response through interoperable communications. SAFECOM defines the use of talk-around and mutual aid channels as one combined level of interoperability. • Level 1 Swap Radios - Swapping radios, or maintaining a cache of standby radios. • Level 2 Gateway and Console Patches - Gateways retransmit across multiple frequency bands providing an interim interoperability solution as agencies move toward shared systems. • Level 3 Shared Channels - Interoperability is promoted when agencies share a common frequency band and are able to agree on common channels. • Level 4 Proprietary Shared Systems - a proprietary communications system (single manufacturer) in which interoperability is provided as a byproduct of system design. Radios work within their own system but don't necessarily have the capability to communicate with other systems. • Level 5 Standards-based Shared Systems - a non-proprietary communications system in which interoperability is provided as a byproduct of system design, creating an optimal technology solution. 4 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Public safety systems within Idaho generally fall into one or more of the levels from Level 1 to Level 5. Most radio systems in Idaho are either conventional VHF or UHF radio systems at Level 3. Since establishing the 700 MHz trunked radio system, five counties have installed Level 5 interoperability radio systems. It has been shown that the 700 MHz trunked radio coverage provides as good or exceeds current VHF radio systems. Proof of concept has moved to a successful day to day usage of the 700 MHz spectrum by these five counties. The Council recommends that public safety agencies continue to pursue Level 5 interoperability utilizing a phased approach. A planning tool provided by SAFECOM is the Interoperability Continuum. The Continuum is designed to help the public safety community and local, tribal, state, and federal policy makers address critical elements for success as they plan and implement interoperability solutions. Please reference Appendix A. How We Got Here Idaho Code 46-1200 established the Statewide Interoperability Executive Council (SIEC) with the express charge to "…provide policy level direction and promote efficient and effective use of resources for matters related to public safety wireless radio interoperability." Further, the Council was directed to "…provide recommendations to the Governor and the Legislature, when appropriate, concerning issues related to statewide interoperable radio communications for public safety in Idaho." As the SIEC began its work in December 2003, the following Mission and Vision Statements were created to support building an interoperable communications system for the benefit of all Idahoans. Mission Statement: The Statewide Interoperability Executive Council (SIEC) shall promote interagency cooperation and provide policy level direction to support efficient and effective use of resources to achieve interoperable communications. Vision Statement: Working together to build an interoperable public safety and public services communication system that will benefit all Idahoans. It remains the SIEC's commitment to promote efficient and effective use of resources for matters related to public safety wireless radio interoperability, standing ready to assist in the promotion of statewide interoperability through coordination and cooperation. The SIEC maintains its recommendation that the State of Idaho and its political subdivisions continue planning and implementation of a single Project 25 (P25) infrastructure to serve the communications needs of emergency responders. This network should include, but not be limited to the following: • Leverage the State of Idaho's Microwave System investment • Leverage the State of Idaho's Broadband Initiative • Leverage the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security's Master Site investment 5 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network • Utilize all available spectrum including the newly available 700MHz • Incorporate state and county plans • Build upon available county and regional networks throughout the state Idaho's Status The public safety communications assessments conducted by the SIEC and the studies completed, US Department of Homeland Security, Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP), and CTA Communications across Idaho contained some key findings regarding public safety's ability to communicate in day-to-day operations and during catastrophic events. The most significant of these findings was the use of disparate frequencies by federal, state, local and tribal agencies coupled with topographical challenges. Findings included: • many local emergency service providers have interoperability problems within their own jurisdictions, particularly in mutual aid response from surrounding counties; and • much of the State of Idaho is mountainous terrain, causing a multitude of challenges for radio communication; and • much of the land in Idaho is federally managed and developing new communication sites is more challenging in environmentally sensitive parts of the state. Coupled with these internal challenges are the external challenges that will affect public safety communications in Idaho. The most significant is the FCC's mandated migration to narrow banding (12.5 kHz) for public safety by January 1, 2013. The SIEC has witnessed the establishment and continued operation of the 700 MHz trunked radio system for voice and data use by a number of counties and the state. This spectrum has been made available by the FCC for exclusive use by public safety agencies. Systems in use in this spectrum have exceeded county expectations. In addition, these systems have shown mitigation of the challenges mentioned above. Initial findings prove that a 700 MHz backbone for Idaho will allow greater interoperability capacity. Reference Appendix C of this Concept. The State of Idaho microwave system has been and continues to be a developing asset. It has undergone an upgrade to digital operation over the last 10-years. The upgrade from an analog to digital microwave system was funded by contributions from the private sector and appropriations from the state legislature. The State of Idaho had a $14.5M project to modernize the statewide multi-agency, multi-use public-safety microwave system. This multi-year, multi- agency project upgraded the microwave system to digital technology while complying with federal policy of fostering emerging technologies and efficiently using radio spectrum. The capacity of the base digital system is three (3) DS3s. Each is capable of 672 simultaneous voice conversations or 28 medium speed (T1) data connections, or a mixture of both. A microwave connection to Utah from Idaho's Sedgewick Peak to Utah's Logan Peak established a reliable microwave radio connection from Idaho to Utah supporting up 384 voice; 16 data (T1); or a combination of both. This connection has been in place since 2001. 6 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Idaho's microwave system is one of the largest of its kind in the lower 48 states, covering 1,200 miles and connecting over 100 two-way radio repeater sites in some of the most remote locations in the state. The microwave system serves public safety operations, state agencies and supports digital broadcasting for Idaho Public Television. The State of Idaho digital microwave system will ensure that connectivity for all public safety interoperable communications systems may be accommodated. The microwave system is undergoing an upgrade to accommodate the use of 700MHz statewide. In addition, a statewide broadband system is being developed that will create redundancy when used in conjunction with the microwave. The SIEC is embarking on Phase Two of a three phase strategy to facilitate interoperable communications in Idaho. A Request For Proposal was released in October of 2007 that will determine the operational needs and identify the technical resources available across the state. This phase has provided the data necessary to commence with the third phase of I-C-A-WIN, the statewide system design and build-out. Local Government Communication Planning All counties have completed their interoperable communications plans. These plans are being used as a calculated approach to their communications investments. Radio engineering studies have been completed throughout Idaho in an attempt to solve radio coverage, frequency compatibility, and interoperability issues. The SIEC is aware that the following jurisdictions have completed their planning and /or radio- engineering studies, or are in the contract phase for such services. In some cases, county projects are in the construction phase or have completed installation. It is understood that this is an on-going process, and as such, this list is not intended to be comprehensive: Ada Study and plan complete; infrastructure complete Adams Study and plan complete Bannock Study and plan complete; infrastructure complete Bear Lake Study and plan complete Benewah Study and plan complete Bingham Study and plan complete; infrastructure complete Blaine Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Boise Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Bonner Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Bonneville Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Boundary Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Butte Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Camas Study and plan complete Canyon Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Caribou Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Cassia Study and plan complete Clark Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Clearwater Study and plan complete Custer Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Elmore Study and plan complete Franklin Study and plan complete Fremont Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process 7 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Gem Study and plan complete Gooding Study and plan complete Idaho Study and plan complete Jefferson Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Jerome Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Kootenai Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Latah Study and plan complete Lemhi Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Lewis Study and plan complete Lincoln Study and plan complete Madison Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Minidoka Study and plan complete Nez Perce Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Oneida Study and plan complete Owyhee Study and plan complete Payette Study and plan complete Power Study and plan complete; infrastructure complete Shoshone Study and plan complete SIRCOMM Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Teton Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Twin Falls Study and plan complete Valley Study and plan complete Washington Study and plan complete Coeur d'Alene Tribe Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Nez Perce Tribe Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process Sho Ban Tribe Study and plan complete; infrastructure in process The SIEC recognizes that some agencies may elect to remain in the UHF or VHF frequency bands. A system developed using 700 MHz will accommodate those agencies and allow them to share in the benefits of a statewide system. The choice to participate belongs to each agency, however all agencies are encouraged to participate in the 700 MHz interoperable radio system. Contact these jurisdictions for information about their respective engineering studies and project status. Governance The SIEC has designed a formal governance structure that will be comprised of multidisciplinary agencies for solving interoperability issues. This group will consist of local, tribal, state, and federal entities. The Regional and District committees will work in their geographical areas. A common governing structure for solving interoperability issues will improve the policies, processes, and procedures of any major project by enhancing communication, coordination, and cooperation, establishing guidelines and principles, and reducing any internal jurisdictional conflicts. The governance structure starting at the District level will produce a 5-Year Interoperable Communications Regional Governance Strategic Plan, basic SOPs, MOUs, MOAs and legislative writings to support the regional structures. The language of these instruments will be developed by the local / tribal practitioners in partnership with entities that represent the interests of our state and federal responder community. 8 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network The proposed Governance structure is shown in Appendix H. Radio Studies The Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program Study The US Department of Homeland Security, Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP), was asked by the SIEC to provide technical assistance to determine the feasibility of a 700 MHz statewide communication system. Reference Appendix D of this Concept. In Phase 1 of this project, ICTAP visited and evaluated forty-nine sites throughout the state. The site surveys from the visits provided detailed information about the status of each site, including the site's interior, exterior, and tower descriptions, and a single site coverage summary at the 700 MHz and UHF frequency bands. The ICTAP report includes a combined coverage footprint comparison, interoperability approach, a statewide system comparison, and a recommendation section. The coverage and interoperability solutions were geared toward the needs of each agency in the individual districts throughout the state. The CTA Communications Study The SIEC retained the services of CTA Communications to complete the next steps toward statewide interoperable communications. CTA Communications furnished the Conceptual Design Report that is organized under three main tasks. 1. Needs assessment of the needs of all local and State public Safety and public service agencies. 2. Develop the conceptual system design, based on the requirements of local and State users, including cost estimates, and implementation plans for the new systems. In this step CTA Communications described alternate approaches, meshed the user's needs, selected the most appropriate architecture, and engineered the system design to the level needed to communicate its capabilities and estimate costs. 3. Develop the design/build statement of work for inclusion in the subsequent procurement package. This study solicited information in five key areas: • Interoperability - today's situation and future needs • Current radio problems • Future radio requirements • Quantities of people and vehicles needing to be equipped with radios • Additional comments Communications interoperability surfaced as a major problem area. Public safety personnel need the ability to communicate easily and flexibly during any situation they find themselves in. Interoperability is the ability of public safety personnel to use their radios to quickly communicate with all response team members. Communications must transparently span disciplines; law, fire, EMS, and public service. Likewise, agency members must easily 9 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network communicate across jurisdictional lines with organizations in other counties, districts, and regions, while receiving or offering outside assistance. The SIEC requested that CTA examine two conceptual system design alternatives: • Statewide 700 MHz System with a VHF Overlay • Statewide 700 MHz System Each alternative was examined for the results it would produce. Alternative 1, the 700 MHz system with VHF band overlay, was eliminated largely because the hybrid two-band would result in some unworkable interoperability problems and create an unnecessarily complicated environment for radio users. Alternative 2, the Statewide 700 MHz System, is the most viable architecture for meeting the shared system project objectives. We reach this conclusion based on small differences in initial cost, lower risk of unforeseen interoperability costs, and higher probability of achieving the stated project goal of Level 5 interoperability. The Goal The SIEC goal is to achieve Level 5 interoperability statewide. This will be a long-term process requiring a phased approach. Phase One: Attainment of Level 3 shared channels interoperability, the use of gateways and console patches for interoperable communications statewide to be completed by December 2005. The SIEC Technical Subcommittee has determined that at least 90% of local agencies are, at a minimum, capable of achieving Level 3 communications within their particular area of operation. As part of the FY2007 grant process, the State of Idaho, Bureau of Homeland Security required that each county develop a county interoperable emergency communications plan. All counties have completed their respective plans. Reference Appendix E of this Concept. Counties were also encouraged to consider regional or multi-county system needs. The Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security has fostered regional and statewide planning to help achieve this level of interoperability. Phase Two: Analyze the results from Phase One to identify additional capabilities needed and advancements in technology and standards to determine the next steps toward Level 5 interoperability statewide to be completed by December 2007. Phase Three: Statewide availability of Level 5 interoperability to be completed by December 2012. A Tiered Approach This document presents several ideas and proposals for future direction, refinement and implementation. It addresses dates/times and implementation strategies including funding mechanisms, and provides a path to statewide interoperability by December 31, 2012. 10 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network The SIEC is developing a tiered radio interoperability system concept to provide a statewide standard for radio communications. Under this standard both new and existing radio systems can be designed to tie into the statewide communications network. The network will support Project 25 Narrowband Digital mobile and portable radios. Additionally the network will support mobile and portable radios operating in AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) mode. Details will be available in future collaboratively authored documents. State Level Radio System The State Level Radio System includes both the existing statewide microwave radio system and the state agencies' radio systems. The statewide microwave system was originally funded through the Idaho Legislature and was intended to provide remote control of the state agencies' radio systems. Additionally, the statewide microwave system and broadband system(s) will provide an avenue to link disparate and unique radio systems together. The digital microwave radio system may be upgraded and expanded as the need arises. Interfaces between the microwave and broadband systems and the 700 MHz radio system will be required. County/Regional/Tribal Level Radio Systems The County/Regional/Tribal Level Radio Systems are the regional radio systems throughout the state. Regional systems are intended to connect the local radio systems together, link to the State Level Radio System and enhance the State Level Radio System on a regional basis. Most counties in Idaho dispatch for all emergency medical services, fire departments and districts, and law enforcement agencies in their respective regions. City/Local/Other Level Radio System The City/Local/Other Level Radio Systems are very specialized local radio systems. These systems may connect the users to regional radio systems. By using the County/Regional/Tribal Level and City/Local/Other Level Radio Systems approach, those users with systems capable of Project 25 (P25) Digital Radio Standards can be provided interoperability with other users in the state. Implementation Steps and Timelines SAFECOM states in the Interoperability Continuum Overview, "an interoperability program should include both short- and long-term solutions. Early successes can help motivate regions to tackle more time-consuming and difficult challenges. It is critical, however, that short-term solutions not inappropriately drive the planning process, but function in support of longer-term improvements." 1 First, the SIEC recommends that those agencies currently unable to share channels or have audio patching, try to reach that goal. Second, the SIEC provided guidance and assistance in reaching statewide interoperability through a standards based shared system, such as Project 25. Outlined in Appendix E are recommended steps that assisted counties in finalizing their interoperable emergency communications plans. 1 SAFECOM Interoperability Continuum, pg. 2, from http://www.safecomprogram.gov 11 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network The January 1, 2013 date is a deadline established by the FCC for the first step in narrowbanding of the VHF and UHF radio frequency bands. The narrowbanding of the UHF and VHF radio frequencies does not affect the 700 MHz frequency band. In Years Past: State Level Currently the State of Idaho administers and maintains a microwave backbone for the state. Research has been completed to identify the throughput necessary to support state and local agencies communications links. Public Safety Communications has installed a six channel 700 MHz trunked radio site on Iona Butte. EMS State Communications and Idaho State Police have interfaced their consoles to the Master Switch. The US Department of Homeland Security, Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP), performed site surveys throughout the state. ICTAP recommended a 700 MHz radio system. CTA Communications recommends a P25 700 MHz trunked radio system CTA Communications furnished the Conceptual Design Report. SIEC transferred operations to Public Safety Communications, Idaho Military Division. Public Safety Interoperable Communications grant (PSIC) application submitted December 2007 that will fund nine (9) county / regional interoperable communications projects, and supporting state microwave site upgrades. On July 1, 2007, Public Safety Communications, Idaho Military Division began management control and maintenance responsibility of the microwave backbone for the state. This move provides enhanced services and coordination for emergency operations and logistics that are already being developed through federal channels with the Idaho Military. Idaho State Police radio consoles were interfaced to the Master Switch. ISP has added data capability to the existing 700 MHz data radio system. The State and all of the counties in Idaho have completed radio engineering studies. The Idaho Emergency Communications Commission 2 conducted a survey of all dispatch centers/Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) 3 throughout Idaho inquiring about their E911 4 2 Idaho Emergency Communications Commission (IECC) – Established to determine the status and operability of consolidated emergency communications systems statewide; the needs for the upgrade; costs for the upgrades; recommend guidelines and standards for operation of consolidated emergency communications systems; recommend funding, serve as a conduit for the future allocation of federal grant funds, report annually to the legislature, enter into contracts as necessary, promulgate rules. 3 Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) – a secure location with equipment and trained personnel to answer 911 calls. 4 Wireless E9-1-1 – Wireless Enhanced 9-1-1. The wireless E911 program is divided into two parts - Phase I and Phase II. Phase I requires carriers, upon appropriate request by a local Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), to report the telephone number of a wireless 911 caller and the location of the antenna that received the call. Phase II requires wireless carriers to provide far more precise location information, within 50 to 300 meters in most cases. 12 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network practices and capabilities. Information concerning consoles, radio patching, and gateways was provided to the SIEC. County/Regional/Tribal and City/Local/Other Level s The Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security provided a grant to Ada County to procure and install the Master Site Switch that was installed at the ISP campus in Meridian. Installation was completed in December of 2006. This Switch serves as a core network center for the today's trunked radio system. Audio from the many subsystems route through and are processed from this network center. The Master Site Switch contains core network equipment (controllers, servers, network routing devices, management terminals) and console equipment support the wide-area 700 MHz Radio System. Microwave and / or optical fiber T1 links originate from the Master Site Switch and interface to the radio subsystems and each console dispatch location that interconnects to the Master Site Switch. Ada, Bannock, Bingham, Power (ShoBan tribe), and Teton Counties installed Project 25, 700 MHz trunked radio systems. The installed radio systems show approximately five-percent better coverage than what was predicted in the radio engineering studies. The Master Switch was upgraded from 7.1 to 7.4 version of operating system. The result of installing two core routers to the Master Switch was the increased the capability of the system. This added the capability to have 72 sites rather than the 24 sites it did have the capability to connect to the master site. The current master switch is capable of multizone operation. Subscriber radios can travel to many zones. Multizone does not offer redundancy between Master Switches. More than 90 percent of the regional radio systems have reached Level 3 interoperability. Those regional systems that have not reached Level 3 will continue moving toward Level 3. Present: State Level The International Special Olympics shall take place in Idaho during February and March 2009. The Olympics will be held in many locations to include Ada County, Blaine County, Boise County, Canyon County, and Valley County. Radio communications will have to be improved and expanded prior to the start of the Olympics. Bureau of Homeland Security, Division of the Military – Purchased a five channel 700 MHz, P25 portable radio system that will be used to reestablish on scene multiagency communications in the event of disasters, acts of terrorism, or other events that inhibit or remove existing communications infrastructure. County/Regional/Tribal/City/Local/Other Level Regional systems will continue moving toward Level 3 interoperability. Blaine, Bonner, Canyon, Caribou, and Kootenai are installing or enhancing 700 MHz Trunked radio systems. All systems should be completed by the end this year. 13 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Ada County is installing an Integrated Voice/Data (IVD) interface into the Master Switch at Meridian Site. The IVD interface will allow over the air reprogramming of selected radios. Selected radios will be able to voice and data operations. Public Safety Interoperable Communications grant (PSIC) is funding nine (9) county / regional interoperable communications projects, and supporting state microwave site upgrades: • Ada – Master Site Router to increase statewide interface capacity $250,000.00 • Canyon – Completion of joint 700 MHz build-out with Ada County $1,198,334.00 • Clark – 700MHz trunked repeater site to serve immediate and surrounding counties, create State interface, and create potential link for cross-border communications. (MT) $320,000.00 • Kootenai – 700MHz trunked system to serve immediate and surrounding counties, Coeur d'Alene tribe, create State interface and potential link for cross-border communications. (WA) (MT) $2,235,138.00 • Bonner – 700MHz trunked repeater site upgrade to interface with Kootenai County enhancing regional trunked system $640,000.00 • Boundary – Interface with Bonner County enhancing regional trunked system and enhancing UHF / VHF cross-border communications (Canada) $33,505.00 • Blaine – Co-locate 700MHz trunked repeaters with two State microwave sites $1,161,540.00 • Caribou – 700 MHz trunked repeater site and with potential link for cross-border communications. (WY) $250,000.00 • Fremont - 700 MHz system digital trunked repeater networked to the statewide interoperable communications system and enhances cross-border communications. (MT) (WY) $326,717.00 SIEC research has identified those local systems not capable of Level 3 interoperability. There is a four phase approach to assemble Regional Governance. Phase 1 is in process: November 2008 through March 2009: Formed SIEC Governance Subcommittee to work with our statewide stakeholders in implementing governance. Schedule and conduct on site governance kick off meetings in each of the 3 governance districts of the state. Share governance principles and organizational structuring information. Have practitioners determine who will represent their district's interest on the regional governance body. Future Years: State Level The State will continue to address connectivity issues. All of the major work on the digital microwave system will have been completed in calendar year 2011. Work will continue on bringing the last few County/Regional/Tribal Level and City/Local/Other Level systems on line. During the second quarter of 2012, complete statewide backbone upgrade. Seek additional state funding in each years budget to support a statewide P25 standards based radio system. The Idaho Military Division has plans to upgrade the microwave infrastructure for both the North and the East microwave links. They will also upgrade spur microwave paths and install new spur microwave paths. 14 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network The State is planning to install 700 MHz trunked radio sites on Ashton Hill, Hell Hole, Mount Harrison, Bennett Mountain, and Malad Ridge as their next 700 MHz radio projects. There is planning to establish 700 MHz radio conventional sites at approximately nine sites at major ingress points coming into the State of Idaho. These radios will be used to coordinate actions with agencies entering Idaho who are responding to disasters, emergencies, acts of terrorisms, or other events. Support phased approach as outlined in the Implementation Plan by CTA Communications in the Idaho Statewide Conceptual Design Report. The project is divided into four phases: Phase 0, Implementation Planning: • Project Management Team Assembled • Implementation Planning • Governance Structure Development • User Agreements and MOUs Phase 1, Backbone Implementation and Region Build-out Planning: • Region Build-out Planning • Microwave backbone upgrades • Installation of Region 1 and 3 master sites • Implementation of the currently fund Phase 2, Regional Build-out: • Complete counties in Region 3 • Complete prioritized counties in Region 2 • Manage 2013 narrowband compliance Phase 3, Completion • Complete remaining counties in Region 2 • Complete all counties in Region 1 There is a four phase approach to assemble Regional Governance. Phases 2 through 4 are described below: Proposed Phase 2: April – September 2009: • Conduct 3 regional kick off meetings to bring the district representatives together. • Begin the process of organizational structuring; elect officers; establish procedures. • Establish regional level Executive Committee and Technology Committee. • Develop basic SOPs for regional interoperable communications governance. ◦ Finalize charters for regional and state governance structures - discuss legislation for 2010 session ◦ Determine decision making authority between regional and state Governance structures Proposed Phase 3: October - December, 2009: • Once organized introduce the Interoperable Communications Regional Governance Executive Committee at the Idaho SIEC, Idaho E911, Public Safety Emergency Communications Governance Council (PSECGC - state agency communications), and the Information Technology Resource Management 15 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Council (ITRMC - state agency IT) meetings for the purpose of initiating communications / work flow. Proposed Phase 4: January – September 2010: • Complete a 5-Year Interoperable Communications Regional Governance Strategy for operations, in partnership with the Idaho SIEC and the PSECGC. County/Regional/Tribal/ City/Local/Other Level Regional systems will continue to work toward reaching Level 3 interoperability. By the end of 2010, it is estimated that 55.69 percent of Idaho's population could be served by communications interoperability through the Project 25, 700 MHz radio system installed by County/Regional/Tribal Level and City/Local/Other Level agencies. It is estimated that 30 percent of the State Level agencies will have been interfaced to the 700 MHz radio system. Approximately 30 percent of the State Level agencies could be using the wideband data capabilities of the system. Connectivity to federal and other state systems will begin. By the end of 2012, 95 percent of the state's public safety agencies should have had the opportunity to share in the statewide 700 MHz radio system. It is estimated that 80 percent of Idaho's population should be served by communications interoperability through the Project 25, 700 MHz radio system installed by County/Regional/Tribal Level and City/Local/Other Level agencies. Wideband data will become a major reason for all public safety agencies to begin using the 700 MHz radio system. It is anticipated that in the 4th quarter of 2010, Version 7.8 upgrade to the Master Switch will be available. This upgrade will allow the interconnectivity of multiple Master Switches with redundancy applications. Connecting to Disparate Radio Systems Cooperation and coordination has been a key factor since the formation of the SIEC. Public safety representatives from federal, state, local and tribal agencies have been meeting on a monthly basis to define a method for connecting dissimilar radio systems to the interoperable system. Appendix F, Methodology of Connecting to the 700 MHz Radio System, defines alternate methods of connecting to the 700 MHz radio system. Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions As this shared statewide shared communications plan has developed, many technical and operational considerations have been considered. In summarizing this new approach to Idaho Public Safety communications, the main practical benefits that each user will receive once the plan is fully implemented include: • Simplified communications - gone are the many frequency band barriers and differences in equipment and capabilities from area to area. 16 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network • Communicate as needed - within the guidelines of organizational structure, users can push to talk with those they need to. Equipment is no longer a barrier and with cooperative agreements, political boundaries are less of a barrier. The tools are in place for true interoperable communications. • Consistently dependable systems - uniform design, deployment, operation, and maintenance of the systems mean that robust equipment has been designed for the task, placed where it's needed, and users can depend on reliable service every day. • Achieved Objectives - Standards based Level 5 interoperability that will serve today and tomorrow. With strong leadership, fair stakeholder representation, determination, and professional assistance, Idaho can accomplish this worthy goal of drastically improved public safety communications. • Review the conceptual design presented in this report. • Build consensus at the local level for statewide next-generation communications. • Approve the finalized conceptual design and secure the necessary funding for phased project implementation. Recommended Next Steps: Carefully consider the implementation planning topics contained in Section 7 of the Idaho Statewide Conceptual Design Report by CTA Communications. The important project management activities as well as the technical considerations provided will serve as a guide as Idaho moves into statewide implementation. • Assemble the Idaho "Implementation Team". This will include the SIEC Technical Committee and representatives from the counties, Tribes, districts, and regions. The immediate goals will be to: ◦ build consensus for the statewide concept at the local level ◦ represent the localities during a phased implementation • Develop the detailed implementation plan. • Initiate the recommended transition planning activities. 17 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix A SAFECOM Interoperability Continuum This Interoperability Continuum is designed to help the public safety community and local, tribal, state, and federal policy makers address critical elements for success as they plan and implement interoperability solutions. These elements include frequency of use of interoperable communications, governance, standard operating procedures, technology, and training/exercises. The Interoperability Continuum was developed in accordance with SAFECOM's locally driven philosophy and its practical experience in working with local governments across the nation. This tool was established to depict the core facets of interoperability according to the stated needs and challenges of the public safety community and will aid public safety practitioners and policy makers in their short and long term interoperability efforts. Communications interoperability refers to the ability of public safety agencies to talk across disciplines and jurisdictions via radio communications systems, exchanging voice and/or data with one another on demand, in real time, when needed, and as authorized. 18 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix B MAP Please contact the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security, Public Safety Communications Division 19 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix C Resolution (with validating notes) Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council Resolution Number 2005-01 WHEREAS, the Council has considered all available alternatives; and (The available alternatives were, should Public Safety follow the FCC's requirement to move to narrowband (twice), set up gateways and agreements to stay the UHF and VHF bands moving to narrowband or to move once into a clear FCC designated public safety 700 MHz band. It made sense to move once into a band that would work for both voice and data like the 700 MHz band.) WHEREAS, a study conducted by the Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP) team concluded that a 700 MHz system was feasible; and (ICTAP compared the transmit and receive levels that could be obtained using existing sites with VHF, UHF, and 700. This demonstrated that a 700 MHz system was feasible.) WHEREAS, the ICTAP study and other pertinent information was reviewed by the SIEC Technical Subcommittee; and (This is pretty much self-explanatory. Again based upon the premise of system availability and ease of migration to achieve level 5 interoperability.) WHEREAS, many local governments agencies have received radio engineering studies and have opted to install 700 MHz radio systems; and (For a radio system to meet the operational requirements of any public safety agency, proper engineering needs to be performed based on two specific requirements; what is the operational need and what is the best engineered design to meet the operational need. The 700 MHz spectrum meets both the voice requirement and the data requirement. As the first 700 MHz system, located in Bannock County, demonstrated that 700 MHz not only met the need, but also exceeded expectations for coverage.) WHEREAS, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in an attempt to promote migration to narrowband (12.5 kHz) technology in the 150-174 MHz and 421-512 MHz bands by January 1, 2013, released FCC 04-292; and (The FCC in an attempt to allow more operations in a congested portion of the spectrum designated for use by public safety, formulated a design to use less bandwidth per channel and resulted in a doubling of the available number of channels for use by public safety without assigning more radio spectrum for public safety, but meeting the demand by public safety for more channels or spectrum. The issue here is not the fact that public safety is required to move to 12.5 KHz channels, but more importantly, the FCC's upcoming requirement to move to the 6.25 KHz channels when the FCC determines when they will require the migration to take place. Some agencies already have equipment that will meet the 12.5 KHz requirement, but no one has equipment that will operate in both the 12.5 KHz and 6.25 KHz channels.) 20 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network WHEREAS, there are insufficient channels available in the 150-174 MHz and 421-512 MHz bands to comply with the FCC mandate to migrate to narrow band; and (The present demand for channels has exceeds the available capacity allowed within these particular bands. This is once again demonstrating that very soon a cash expenditure will take place by every agency to migrate towards the narrowband requirement. The question is, should funds be expended a number of times or just once?) WHEREAS, there are existing high speed data requirements that can only be realized using a 700 MHz radio versus either the slower data speeds in the 150-174 MHz or 421-512 MHz or the 800 MHz frequency bands; and (Simply put, 700 MHz is the only FCC public safety designated spectrum that was specifically developed for both voice and wideband data operations. The only way to ever achieve total interoperability for public safety is to have everyone in the same band.) WHEREAS, some agencies may elect to remain in the UHF or VHF frequency bands; and (Due to some agencies belief that the only band that will work for their operational needs, the SIEC realizes that coordination needs to take place to develop an interoperable plan, which will allow interoperability with those various agencies.) WHEREAS, the 700 MHz backbone system will accommodate those agencies, allowing them to share the benefits of a statewide backbone. (The SIEC determined that the majority of public safety would be operating in the 700 MHz band and also that through multiple agency participation would become the backbone system or base infrastructure, which could then be added to or interfaced, in order to ensure interoperability among public safety users.) BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED BY THE IDAHO STATEWIDE INTEROPERABILITY EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, that: 1. The statewide interoperable communications backbone shall be operated in the 700 MHz frequency band; 2. All agencies are highly encouraged to participate in the 700 MHz interoperable radio system. (ABUNDANT CAPACITY- The 700 MHZ Public Safety band has more capacity for voice and data communications than VHF, UHF and 800 combined.) (CLEAR SPECTRUM- The 700 MHZ Public Safety band is free from incumbent users and can be licensed for use immediately.) (CLEAN SPECTRUM- The 700 MHZ Public Safety band is free from interference and therefore is capable of delivering maximum use to public safety.) 21 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix D 700 MHz Radio Survey Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program (ICTAP) ICTAP was requested by the Idaho SIEC to produce several coverage maps utilizing 700 MHz spectrum. The contour models utilizing set criteria could then be evaluated to determine potential coverage of a 700 MHz system. Forty-nine state microwave sites were selected for the studies based upon trunked radio systems requirement for microwave to operate effectively. Following is the list of criteria that was used as a standard format for the forty-nine site contour models: 1. Tx ERP = 160 Watts 2. Repeater/Base Station Tx Power = 31 Watts 5 3. Repeater/Base Station Rx Sensitivity = -121 dBm5 4. Tx/Rx Connector Loss = 0.5 dB2 5. Tx Combiner Loss (Accounted for in Tx power)5 6. Rx Multicoupler Loss (Accounted for in Rx sensitivity)5 7. Tx and Rx Antennas = DB589 with a gain of 9 dBd 8. Tx Antenna Height = 70 feet 9. Tx Cable Length = Antenna height + 30 feet (tower base to equipment) = 100 feet 10. Rx Antenna Height = 80 feet 11. Rx Cable Length = Antenna height + 30 feet (tower base to equipment) = 110 feet 12. Tx/Rx ½" Superflex Line Loss = 3.2 dB/100 feet 13. Tx/Rx 1¼" Line Loss = 0.732 dB/100 feet • Run ½" Superflex from equipment and tie to 1¼" coaxial (inside building) • Run 1¼" Coaxial to antenna on the tower 14. Frequency of operation = 770 MHz for talk out 15. Frequency of operation = 800 MHz for talk in 16. Propagation model is Okumura-Hata-Davidson Adaptive 17. Adaptive parameters: See table below 6 Attenuation (dB) Classification Frequency (MHz): 746-941 Open Land 5 Agricultural 18 Rangeland 10 Water 0 Forest Land 25 Wetland 3 Residential 20 Mixed Urban/ Buildings 20 Commercial / Industrial 20 Snow & Ice 0 5 Based on the Motorola STR-3000 data specifications 6 Figures from TSB-88B, pg. 96, Table 19 22 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network 18. Set the confidence and reliability 7: • Set Margin = 11.5 dB for 97% tile reliability (standard deviation of 5.6dB) 19. Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) Levels 8: Audio Level Talk Out (dBm) Talk In (dBm) Bin Color DAQ 4 -105.4 -107.4 Green DAQ 3.4 -108.9 -110.9 Blue DAQ 3 -110.1 -112.1 Orange 20. Subscriber Unit: (the receiving mobile unit) 9 • Rx/Tx Omni Antenna Gain = 3 dB • Rx/Tx Loss = 4 dB • Rx/Tx Antenna Height = 4 feet • Transmitter Power = 30 Watts • Receiver Sensitivity = -119 dBm • Use 1¼" Coaxial cable rather than ½" coaxial cable. • Use ½" Superflex coaxial cable rather than ¼" Superflex coaxial cable. • Use 97% vice 95% tile reliability margin. • Top mounted antennas with Receiver (Rx) = 80 feet and Transmitter (Tx) = 70 feet rather than using currently available space on existing towers. • Print maps for each of the 49 sites, one site at a time (talk out and talk in), rather than district wide coverage maps. • Show coverage maps using MapPoint underlay map rather than a terrain map to show cities and main roads. • Add Effective Radiated Power (ERP) to the parameter list. The following list of sites was selected for the study by ICTAP: District 1 • Black Mtn. / Bonners Ferry • Bonners Ferry • Coeur d'Alene • Mica Peak • Sandpoint Baldy • Schweitzer Peak District 2 • Cold Springs Ridge • Cottonwood Butte • Culdesac Grade • Grangeville • Lewiston • Lewiston Hill • Moscow (U of I) • Moscow Mtn. 7 Figures from TSB-88B, pg. 101, Table 21 8 Reference TSB-88B, pg. 159, Table A-1 9 Based on the Motorola XTL-5000 data specifications 23 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network District 3 • Boise ITD Dist 3 • Boise ITD Hdqrts. • Boise Towers • Brundage Mtn. • Doe Point • Meridian • Rocky Butte • Shafer Butte • Snowbank Mt. District 4 • Albion Ridge • Cotterel Port of Entry • Flat Top Butte • Jerome ISP • Ketchum Baldy • Mt. Harrison • Notch Butte • Shoshone • Twin Falls • Yahoo Creek District 5 • Blackfoot • Chinese Peak • Howard Mtn. • Paps Mtn. • Pocatello • Sedgwick Peak District 6 • East Butte • Grouse Peak • Idaho Falls ISP • Idaho Falls SOB • Iona Butte • Relay Ridge • Rigby • Salmon Baldy • Salmon ITD • Summit Lake 24 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix E PLANNING ELEMENTS FOR COUNTY INTEROPERABLE EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS PLANS Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council (SIEC) To: Counties of Idaho and SIEC Partners Subject: Assistance Memorandum on Interoperability Planning This appendix is presented in support of accomplishing Phase I of the Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network (I-C-A-WIN). The SIEC believes that most areas will be able to achieve Level 3 interoperability with relatively minor modifications to their existing communications systems. As counties proceed to prepare written communications plans and evaluate the best use of their existing resources, this document may assist in standardizing the necessary information. This should allow the analysis of existing systems and plans for purposes of expanding such to regional and then statewide systems in the next phases of I-C-A- WIN. This memo provides information and suggests elements for developing a local interoperability communications plan. It is provided by the SIEC as a resource. It is the hope of the SIEC that this information will be a useful starting point for interoperability planning. For the purposes of coordinating communication agencies, the SIEC recommends including a broad range of public and private entities that provide public safety services, including: emergency management, police, fire, emergency medical service, hospitals, transportation, public works, utilities, forestry, municipal and commercial airports and other state and federal agencies that operate radio systems within a service area. 25 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Planning Elements for County Interoperability Planning 1. Introduction 2. Lead Contact Information a. Designation of Lead Agency for Plan b. Contact Information for Designated Primary Contact 3. Managers of Radio Systems Within County a. List entities and users to be covered by the plan b. Identify managers of public safety radio systems in county and contact person(s) 4. Service Area a. Describe coverage area and the population served within area b. Generally describe the type of topography/terrain of service area i. Roads ii. Waterways iii. Mountains/hills iv. Other c. Identify the type of structures that present special challenges within the service area (e.g. tunnels, high rise buildings, industrial complexes) d. Provide signal coverage maps as available e. Identify dispatch center(s) that dispatch for the public safety agencies within geographic area 5. Frequencies Used and Licensed in County a. List frequencies used in the county and the agencies that hold the FCC license b. List persons responsible for maintaining licensing of frequencies (FCC compliance) 6. Intergovernmental Agreements Briefly describe the formal and/or informal communications arrangements that presently exist within the planning area. Examples: memoranda of understanding, mutual aid agreements, historical perspective or practice, contract, etc. 7. Status of Interoperability in County a. Describe radio communications systems presently in operation within the service area 26 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network i. Frequencies used and band of operation ii. Coverage and reliability (effectiveness) iii. Redundancy of systems iv. Existing user groups and the purpose of each group v. Language and code usage for each user (e.g. 12 code, 10 code or clear text) b. Describe what the county has done or has planned to do toward implementation of the NIMS as requested by the Federal Department of Homeland Security. Include a description of the ICS portion of NIMS to be incorporated in the county communications plan. i. Describe the daily use of channels for responses to incidents. ii. Describe how current and planned channels will be implemented in the ICS system for major events. c. Interoperability within the county i. Describe known interoperability gaps and challenges ii. Identify actions in progress to address short- and long-term problems and provide associated timeline for completion iii. Identify gaps and challenges that cannot be addressed at this time iv. Identify or describe plans to conduct, or results of, any emergency management training exercises that test communications within the county v. Identify existing communications plans, if any, of system users including on-going plans to develop the communications infrastructure d. Interoperability outside the county i. Identify how the county and planning partners will improve interoperability with neighboring counties within the state and, if applicable, with neighboring counties in border states ii. Identify what the county and planning partners are doing to improve interoperability with state public safety entities e. Short-term interoperability i. Describe what the county and planning partners have done or have planned to implement the Federal Communications Commission's newly established nationwide interoperability channels 10 ii. Describe plans, if any, and processes to transition to narrow band and digital operations, consistent with FCC Project 25 Standards iii. Describe plans, if any, and processes to incorporate 700MHz into jurisdictional communications systems 10 The following is the SIEC's guide for programming the FCC designated interoperability (I/O) channels into existing radios and all new radios that are added to any system. Due to space limitations in some radios, it may not be possible to program all of the I/O channels into all radios. In that case, at a minimum, the calling channel and the first tactical channel should be programmed. The frequencies listed are in each of the -3 bands and are listed by order of priority, with the highest priority shown at the top of the list. They are to be programmed into the radios with the highest priority first, as space permits 27 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix F Methodology Of Connecting To The 700 MHz Radio System. The following table sets the rules that allow other than 700 MHz radio systems to connect to the 700 MHz radio system in this plan Technology Used Frequency Band Interoperability/Connectivity P 25 Trunking All Master Site P 25 Conventional All Master Site if Connected P 25 Conventional All ACU1000 LYRIX Console Patch Gateway Device Crossband Repeater If not connected to The Master Site Conventional All ACU 1000 LYRIX Console Patch Gateway Device Crossband Repeater 28 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix G Idaho Statewide Conceptual Design Report (CTA Communications) - (Provided Separately: For more information about this document please go to www.bhs.idaho.gov .) 29 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix H Governance Structure GOVERNOR PSCGC SIEC Executive level Executive level REGION 1 REGION 2 REGION 3 Regional level Regional level Regional level Administrative County Administrative County Administrative County Kootenai Canyon Bannock Districts 1 & 2 Districts 3 & 4 Districts 5 & 6 Local level Local level Local level IDAHO LOCAL PRACTITIONER DRIVEN EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE October 2008 Idaho SIEC 30 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Appendix I Terms and Definitions 700 MHz – Frequency band allocated by the Federal Communications Commission as additional 24 MHz of public safety spectrum in the 764-806 MHz band, which can provide for immediate capacity growth in areas not currently blocked by incumbent TV channels for public safety communication access. This band is capable of carrying both voice and data transmission. Districts – Used as the unit of measure for this plan. Reference Appendix B of this Concept. ERP – Effective Radiated Power is a measure of the power output of an antenna, used by stations to predict signal range, and by regulatory bureaus to limit a station's emissions. FCC – The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent United States government agency, directly responsible to Congress. The FCC was established by the Communications Act of 1934 and is charged with regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite and cable. The FCC's jurisdiction covers the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. possessions. ICTAP – The Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program contracted through the Office for Domestic Preparedness, US Department of Homeland Security, to provide assistance in interoperability planning. Interoperability – The ability of public safety service and support providers – law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, emergency management, public utilities, transportation and others – to communicate when necessary with staff from other responding agencies, and to exchange voice and/or data communications on demand and in real-time. Interoperability Continuum – SAFECOM's Interoperability Continuum is designed to help the public safety community and local, tribal, state, and federal policy makers address critical elements for success as they plan and implement interoperability solutions. These elements include frequency of use of interoperable communications, governance, standard operating procedures, technology, training/exercises, and frequency of use (usage) of these solutions. kHz / kilohertz – A unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz. Used especially as a radio-frequency unit. Master Site / Master Site Switch – The Master site is a system that serves as a core network center for a trunked radio system. The Master site includes controllers, servers, network routing devices, management terminals and console equipment to support a wide-area 700 MHz Radio System. In addition, a Master site is a trunking controller that provides automatic switching of a mobile or portable radio between tower sites. Much like a cellular switch, it enables a user in one coverage area to communicate with a user in another area served by a different tower site or system of towers. MHz / megahertz – One million cycles per second. Used especially as a radio-frequency unit. 31 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network Narrowband – The Federal Communications Commission's rule-making proceeding to reduce wideband channel assignments from 25 kHz, then to 12.5 kHz and finally to 6.25 kHz bandwidths. NIMS – The National Incident Management System created by the US Department of Homeland Security in order to provide a consistent nation-wide approach for all levels of government to work together effectively and efficiently to prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity. Project 25 Digital Radio Standards (P25) – Developed as a partnership involving the Association of Public Safety Communication Officials, the National Association of State Telecommunications Directors, agencies of the Federal government, and the Telecommunications Industry Association, Project 25 is a suite of standards for Private Wireless radio equipment. Developed in a process controlled by the public safety user community, the suite includes the air interface, and standardized functions and protocols supporting both conventional and trunking architectures. The standards require equipment to be backward compatible with legacy analog equipment (i.e., operate on both digital and analog systems) and to be non-proprietary. Ultimately, the standard ensures that all the defined services are accessible to any subscriber unit or system built to the Project 25 specifications. SAFECOM – The Wireless Public SAFEty Interoperable COMmunications Program is the umbrella organization managed by the US Department of Homeland Security with coordination/oversight responsibility for federal initiatives and projects pertaining to public safety communications and interoperability at the local, state, federal and tribal levels. SIEC – The Statewide Interoperability Executive Council for the state of Idaho is charged with the responsibility to provide policy level direction and promote efficient and effective use of resources for matters related to public safety wireless radio interoperability. The SIEC works in cooperation with the Idaho Emergency Communications Commission (E911 Commission) whose primary focus is to assist emergency communications and response professionals in the establishment, management, operations, and accountability of consolidated emergency communications systems. Idaho Code 46-1200. Standards-based shared communications system – A non-proprietary communications system in which interoperability is provided as a byproduct of system design, creating an optimal technology solution. State Level Radio Systems – Consists of a statewide digital microwave system, which is utilized by the State Agencies as a transport mechanism for the control of the state's two-way radio systems. In addition to the microwave system are the State Agencies two-way radio systems. The statewide digital microwave system is intended to link all of the state radio systems, disparate regional radio systems and other radio systems together. Trunked Radio System – Trunking is the efficient utilization of a frequency spectrum. Many subscribers can use fewer radio frequencies than a conventional radio system to hold many conversations. UHF – Ultra High Frequency. A band of radio frequencies from 300 to 3,000 MHz. The specific radio frequency spectrum that Idaho predominately utilizes within the 450-460 MHz range. 32 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network VHF – Very High Frequency. A band of radio frequencies falling between 30 and 300 MHz. The specific radio frequency spectrum that Idaho predominately utilizes within the 130-174 MHz range. This publication was supported by grant # 2005-GE-T5-0044 awarded by the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the authors and do not represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security. Costs associated with this publication are available from the Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council in accordance with I.C. Section 60-202. 33 Idaho Cooperative Agencies' Wireless Interoperable Network This publication was supported by grant # 2004-GE-T4-0034 awarded by the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the authors and do not represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security. Costs associated with this publication are available from the Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council in accordance with I.C. Section 60-202. For more information about this document or to submit comments please contact the Idaho Statewide Interoperability Executive Council. 34
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Dwight Vinson McDonald
Position: WR
Height: 6-3 Weight: 185 lbs.
Born: May 24, 1951 in Nixon, TX
High School: Kearny
College: U.S. International, San Diego St. (school history)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 8 (7675th overall since 1950)
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Kendra + Zack: Teaser // Des Moines Engagement Photographer
Comments (2)
amanda sparks-zeitz November 21, 2012 at 4:46 PM
love this teaser!!! can't wait to see the rest! Congrats to my cousin Zach and his beautiful bride to be Kendra!
Bodas Castellon November 28, 2012 at 6:02 AM
Haha, great timing and framing!


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A video is not played smoothly on a Windows 7-based computer that supports MFT
Article ID: 2529825 - View products that this article applies to.
On This Page
Consider the following scenario:
This issue occurs because the source reader does not communicate with hardware MFTs correctly in Windows 7.
Hotfix informationA supported hotfix is available from Microsoft. However, this hotfix is intended to correct only the problem that is described in this article. Apply this hotfix only to systems that are experiencing the problem that is described in this article. This hotfix might receive additional testing. Therefore, if you are not severely affected by this problem, we recommend that you wait for the next software update that contains this hotfix.
If the hotfix is available for download, there is a "Hotfix download available" section at the top of this Knowledge Base article. If this section does not exist, contact Microsoft Customer Service and Support to obtain the hotfix.
Note If additional issues occur or if any troubleshooting is required, you might have to create a separate service request. The usual support costs will apply to additional support questions and issues that do not qualify for this specific hotfix. For a complete list of Microsoft Customer Service and Support telephone numbers or to create a separate service request, visit the following Microsoft website:
http://support.microsoft.com/contactus/?ws=supportNote The "Hotfix download available" form displays the languages for which the hotfix is available. If you do not see your language, it is because a hotfix is not available for that language.
PrerequisitesTo apply this hotfix, you must be running one of the following operating systems:
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/976932/ )Information about Service Pack 1 for Windows 7 and for Windows Server 2008 R2
Registry informationTo use the hotfix in this package, you do not have to make any changes to the registry.
Restart requirementYou must restart the computer after you apply this hotfix.
Hotfix replacement informationThis hotfix does not replace a previously released hotfix.
File informationThe global version of this hotfix installs files that have the attributes that are listed in the following tables. The dates and the times for these files are listed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The dates and the times for these files on your local computer are displayed in your local time together with your current daylight saving time (DST) bias. Additionally, the dates and the times may change when you perform certain operations on the files.
Windows 7 file information notesImportant Windows 7 hotfixes and Windows Server 2008 R2 hotfixes are included in the same packages. However, hotfixes on the Hotfix Request page are listed under both operating systems. To request the hotfix package that applies to one or both operating systems, select the hotfix that is listed under "Windows 7/Windows Server 2008 R2" on the page. Always refer to the "Applies To" section in articles to determine the actual operating system that each hotfix applies to.
For all supported x86-based versions of Windows 7
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For all supported x64-based versions of Windows 7
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Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.
More information
For more information about software update terminology, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
824684For more information about hardware MFTs, visit the following Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) website:
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/824684/ )Description of the standard terminology that is used to describe Microsoft software updates
Hardware MFTsFor more information about features and improvements in Internet Explorer 9 for developers and designers, visit the following Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) website:
Internet Explorer 9 guide for developers
Additional file information
Additional file information for Windows 7
Additional files for all supported x86-based versions of Windows 7
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Article ID: 2529825 - Last Review: June 21, 2014 - Revision: 2.0
Applies to


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- Home
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Johan Cruyff, the legendary Dutch player and former manager of Barcelona, was once asked his thoughts on the footballing philosophy known as "total football". The man, who is arguably the biggest proponent of the football tactic, replied: "Attackers could play … Continue reading
After a 1-1 draw earlier this week at Santiago Bernabeu, Atletico Madrid holds a slight advantage against their neighbors in the second leg of the Spanish Super Cup. The derby, which features the winners of the La Liga title against … Continue reading
Carlo Ancelotti has not included Angel Di Maria in the squad for tonight's second leg of the Spanish Super Cup against Atletico Madrid, according to Spain's oldest and largest radio network, Cadena SER. Spanish broadcaster 'Cuatro' reports that Di Maria was excluded … Continue reading
Expectations always remain insanely high for Real Madrid. After finally completing the La Decima mission in May, Los Blancos enjoyed another transfer window where they acquired new Galacticos. The team's main goal this season will be trying to be the … Continue reading
Speaking at his press conference ahead of Real Madrid's second leg of the Spanish Supercup, Carlo Ancelotti confessed to reporters that Angel Di Maria had requested to leave the La Liga club earlier this summer. It is widely known that … Continue reading
One week after winning the UEFA Super Cup, Real Madrid has the opportunity to take a big first step to gain a satisfactory result in the first leg of the Spanish Super Cup today against Atletico Madrid. The derby, which … Continue reading
The reports circulating around Radamel Falcao proposed move to Real Madrid have died down in recent days. The Spanish press are focusing on the build up towards tomorrow's UEFA Super Cup encounter in Cardiff between Real Madrid and Sevilla (to … Continue reading
Real Madrid goalkeeper Diego Lopez has agreed to personal terms with Italian giants AC Milan and is scheduled to have a medical on Monday. Lopez's agent, Manuael Garcia Quillon negotiated the deal last night and finalized it this morning following … Continue reading
The Uruguayan newspaper El Telegrafo is reporting that the agent of Paris Saint-Germain striker Edinson Cavani has confirmed that both Liverpool and Arsenal have tabled bids for the Uruguay international. Cavani's agent, Claudio Annelluci, expressed that even though his client is happy with … Continue reading
The news from France this morning is that Paris Saint-Germain has either called "time" or dropped out of the race altogether to sign Angel Di Maria from Real Madrid. PSG president Nasser al-Khelaifi was quoted earlier today as saying: "For … Continue reading
Speaking at the public presentation of David Luiz, Paris Saint-Germain president Nasser al-Khelaifi has given his thoughts on the rumored transfer of Real Madrid winger Angel Di Maria to the French side. The club official was questioned about the cost … Continue reading
Real Madrid has announced that striker Karim Benzema has agreed to extend his contract with the European champions until June 2019. The 26-year-old has been with the La Liga giants since 2009, making 159 appearances and scoring 72 goals over … Continue reading
Intrigue continues to grow in Spain as pictures surfaced on Twitter of Real Madrid president Florentino Perez and the club's director general Jose Angel Sanchez having dinner with the agent of Angel Di Maria and Radamel Falcao, Jorge Mendes. The … Continue reading
On a beautiful summer's day in Michigan, Manchester United and Real Madrid played 90 minutes in front of a record crowd of 109,318 Saturday. World Soccer Talk photographer Bo McMillan was there to capture the action. Here are exclusive images … Continue reading
Real Madrid and Levante have managed to agree terms for the sale of goalkeeper Keylor Navas, according to Real Madrid's club website. Navas, 27, had an outstanding World Cup as a central part of Costa Rica's run to the quarter … Continue reading
Saturday was a memorable day for Ann Arbor, and all of U.S. soccer. What started as a 90 minute soccer game quickly turned into a weekend event with the main event being Manchester United playing Real Madrid in the Guinness … Continue reading
The past few days have seen an increase in reports from Spain and France linking Monaco striker Radamel Falcao with a loan move to Real Madrid. As unlikely as the rumors may seem, respected news outlets have been commenting on … Continue reading
ANN ARBOR, MICH. – It was billed as possibly being the largest soccer crowd in the history of the United States. And it didn't disappoint. In front of 109,318 fans at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, Mich., travelers from around … Continue reading


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Southaven, MS Extraordinary Women Conference 2015
- Religion & Spirituality
- 4560 Venture Dr Southaven, MS 38671, US
The Apparel Oft Proclaims the Man – A Shakespeare Uncovered Costume Exhibit
WKNO, Public Broadcasting for the Mid-South
Sunday, January 20, 2013 at 2:00 PM (CST)
"The Apparel Oft Proclaims the Man" – A "Shakespeare Uncovered" Costume Exhibit
and Documentary Screening
Opening Reception and Documentary Screening: Sunday, January 20, 2:00 p.m.
Costume Exhibit: January 20-January 31
WKNO Digital Media Center
7151 Cherry Farms Road in Cordova
WKNO and Tennessee Shakespeare Company (TSC) host a Shakespearean Costume Exhibit and Documentary Screening as a companion for the upcoming PBS series Shakespeare Uncovered. The exhibit is curated by TSC designer Bruce Bui. Admission is free, but tickets are required.
Shakespeare Uncovered airs Fridays at 8:00 p.m. on WKNO2, beginning January 25, and Sundays at 4:00 p.m. on WKNO/Channel 10.
Shakespeare Uncovered is made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the generous support of the project's lead foundation sponsor, the Howard and Abby Milstein Foundation. Major funding is also provided by Rosalind P. Walter, The Polonsky Foundation, Virginia and Dana Randt, the LuEsther T. Mertz Charitable Trust, and PBS.
For more information, call Teri Sullivan at 901-729-8735 or email@example.com.
WKNO is dedicated to providing educational and cultural programs that inform, entertain, and inspire.
Join millions of people on Eventbrite.
In order to purchase these tickets in installments, you'll need an Eventbrite account. Log in or sign up for a free account to continue.


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MasterCard Renews UEFA CL Deal Hangin' With ... John Anthony More Than 2.5M Watch World Cup Match Alba Berlin Opens Office In Beijing Intersport Tells IIHF To Change Dates Parma Plans Revival Led By Scala JvM/sports Signs Deal With Ingolstadt Hamburg Seeks To Build City's Int'l Profile UEFA Says It Did Not Block FIFA Reforms Baku F1 Circuit Construction To Kick Off
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MasterCard Renews Partnership With UEFA Champions League Until '18Published in SportsBusiness Daily Global on 07 / 02 / 15
MasterCard has renewed its partnership with the UEFA Champions League for another three seasons until '18. The extension, which MasterCard officially announced on Wednesday, represents an increase on its previous deal with Europe's premier club competition, according to a source with kno...
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Bundesliga, F1 Rate High On Sky
German pay-TV channel Sky "has recorded top ratings with its Bundesliga and F1 broadcasts," according to Manuel Weis of QUOTENMETER. On Friday evening, Sky aired the Bundesliga game between Dortmund and Stuttgart. Dortmund's 6-1 victory attracted an average of 750,000 viewers and had a 2.3% market s ...
Thohir Explains Inter Takeover
Serie A Inter Milan's new Owner Erick Thohir has said that "he invested in the club as he expects Italy's Serie A to rise in prominence over the coming years," according to SOCCEREX. Thohir said, "If I buy a club which doesn't have a big name or history, then I lose. Why should I buy sha ...
Tags: Franchises, Europe
Young Boys Sign Shirt Deal With Honda
Swiss Super League football club Young Boys Bern "has signed a new shirt sponsorship deal with Japanese car manufacturer Honda," according to BLICK. Young Boys "have been looking for a new shirt sponsor since home improvement chain Bauhaus ended its deal with the club at the end of last season." Due ...
Tags: Marketing and Sponsorship, Europe
Hoeneß To Stand Trial For Tax Evasion
A German court said on Monday that Bayern Munich President ULI HOENEß "will stand trial for tax evasion in March," but his club "wants him to stay on in his current role," according to Karolos Grohmann of REUTERS. The charges of the prosecutor's office "were admitted for trial which is set t ...
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IOC Sets Up Illegal Betting Unit
The IOC "will set up a special unit to tackle illegal betting and match-fixing in a bid to make sure it does not become an issue in future Games," according to Karolos Grohmann of REUTERS. The IOC "held a meeting in Lausanne with its stakeholders" including FIFA, the governing authority of athletics ...
Volleyball Club Has To Find New Main Sponsor
German Volleyball Bundesliga club Unterhaching "has only six weeks to find a new main sponsor or it has to withdraw from the league," according to the FRANKFURTER ALLGEMEINE ZEITUNG. The future of the club "is completely up in the air after its main sponsor, insurance company Generali, announced tha ...
Tags: Franchises, Europe
Bremen Extends Sponsorship With VW
Bundesliga club Werder Bremen has signed an early extension with its top sponsor Volkswagen until '16, according to BILD. The car manufacturer will transfer about €1.5M ($2M) annually under the new terms, which is around €300,000 ($405,000) more than currently. Players and officials will a ...
Tags: Marketing and Sponsorship, Europe
French Clubs To Strike Over 75% Tax
French football clubs have said that "they will go ahead with plans to go out on strike" over a new 75% tax, according to REUTERS. This "comes after their plea for an exemption fell on deaf ears at the Elysee Palace." Representatives of the football clubs in France's Ligue 1 and Ligue 2, t ...
Tags: International Football, Europe
Yeung Denies Money Laundering
League Championship Birmingham City Owner CARSEN YEUNG said that "he amassed his wealth through stock-trading and gambling but denied dealing with triads," as he testified in his $93M money-laundering trial in Hong Kong, according to the AFP. The "high-profile yet oft-delayed case has put Yeu ...
Tags: People and Pop Culture, China, Europe
Hosting Olympics Comes At A Cost
Boosters of Boston's bid to host the 2024 Summer Olympics "were buoyed by the Massachusetts state legislature's recent move to create an Olympic exploratory committee," according to Jules Boykoff of the London GUARDIAN. In expressing interest to host the 2024 Olympics, Boston "joined other cities wi ...


text: Xinhua News Agency Xinhua News Agency Xinhua News Agency on Nov 29, 2013 @ 8:17 AMNov 29, 2013 @ 8:17 AM PublishedCambodia holds 1st book fair to encourage reading habit among young peopleCambodia holds 1st book fair to encourage reading habit among young peoplePHNOM PENH, Nov. 29 (Xinhua) -- Cambodia's first National Book Fair kicked off here on Friday, aiming to promote book publishing and reading among students, organizers and officials said.The three-day event, held at the National Library of Cambodia, brought together 23 libraries, bookstores and book publishers with tens of thousands of books on display, Hok Sothik, president of the Cambodian Librarians Association, said at the opening ceremony."Our goal is to encourage young generations to love reading and writing," he said. "We do hope that the event will stimulate writers to write more books for educational purposes."Culture Minister Phoeung Sakona said the book publishing sector has rapidly developed in the last five years, adding that currently, there are 561 book writers and publishers."The fair is a very important event for students to look for books they like and for writers to meet and exchange their experiences," she said. "On this occasion, I'd like to appeal to students to spend more time reading books in order to improve their knowledge."The first day of the fair has attracted hundreds of students from various schools and universities in Phnom Penh."I like reading books since I was a child," said Kha Seakmey, a student at the National University of Management. "The fair is a good time for me to find books that I like.""It would be good if such event is held every year," she said.Moeun Veasna, a management student at the Cambodian University of Specialties, said the fair was important for learners to find books relating to their studying subjects."This event brings together books from various bookstores in Phnom Penh and a lot of books pertinent to my skill are on display, " he said.


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Saturday marks sixth annual Celebrate Estero
Looking to sample some of the best chili Estero has to offer? Want to improve your golf swing?
Now in its sixth year, Celebrate Estero will offer adventures aplenty for the entire family this Saturday, Feb. 28. The event brings together a diverse mix of entertainment and services, all meant to display the great things the community of Estero has to offer.
"It's a wonderful way of showcasing Estero and south Lee county," said Meg Judge, chairwoman of the Estero Chamber of Commerce and one of the festival's organizers.
Some of this year's highlights include the annual fire department chili cook-off, passport processing by the Estero Post Office and entertainment from the Estero High School band.
Other local organizations such as Koreshan State Historic Site, the Estero Community Park and Recreation Center and the Lee County Visitor and Convention Bureau will be on hand handing out free information to visitors. The Lee County Sheriff's Department's VOICE program will offer fingerprinting for children, and the local fire departments will also put on a puppet show for the kids.
"It's truly a fun-filled event that people get excited about, because they're very proud of the community," Judge said. "We can feed them, educate them about the wonderful businesses and entertain them … and give them free gifts."
The Golf Doctor, Mike Calbot, from WINK TV, will demonstrate golf techniques and dish out free advice for kids young and old who may be new to the game. He enjoys the event for the light it sheds on the community of Estero.
"It brings the community together and it shows the vastness of one of the smallest, but fastest growing communities, in Southwest Florida. It's an anchor to our county and there's a lot going on," Calbot said.
The event is held at Miromar Outlets each year, for general manager Jeff Staner, that's good news.
"Miromar Outlets plays a significant roll in the history and growth of Estero," Staner stated. "Prior to our opening in 1998, there were no other major shopping centers in this area or entertainment facilities other than the Florida Everblades (now Germain) Arena, which opened about the same time the Outlets did. Miromar Outlets has played host to Celebrate Estero since its inception six years ago and it means a lot to us to be the event site because it is an opportunity to give back to our community. Also, by making our property available for this event, we enable other Estero businesses to showcase their products and services in a beautiful lakeside setting."
Celebrate Estero
Date: Saturday, Feb. 28
Time: 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Location: Miromar Outlets, 10801 Corkscrew Road, Estero
Cost: Free admission