text: We're sorry, Stone Ring is no longer available Why not try one of these instead? 20% OFF Sterling Silver Little Elephant Ring by attic £12.50$26.16€18.16$20.34 £10$20.93€14.53$16.27 20% OFF Silver Ring With Mini Fresh Water Pearls by attic £12$25.11€17.43$19.52 £9.60$20.09€13.94$15.62 Sterling Silver Band Ring by lisa angel £16$33.49€23.24$26.03 Silver Textured Single Stacking Band Ring by Embers Gemstone Jewellery £13.75$28.78€19.98$22.37 Stone Ring by Kiki's £15$31.39€21.79$24.41 This item is no longer available £33.00$69.07€47.95$53.70 delivery to United States - Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available colourcolour (required)PurpleGreencolour (required)PurpleGreencolour (required)PurpleGreencolour (required)PurpleGreen we're sorry we're sorry, This item is no longer available buy a gift voucher related categories jewellery > women's jewellery > rings jewellery > stocking fillers for her by Kiki's Location: Dorset, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Chiming Heart Silver Necklace £39$81.63€56.67$63.46 Sterling Silver Thank You Pin Brooch £18$37.67€26.15$29.29 Girl's Special Chiming Heart Silver Necklace £39$81.63€56.67$63.46 Live, Love, Dance, Sing Rings Set Of Four £18$37.67€26.15$29.29 Sterling Silver Good Luck Pin Brooch £18$37.67€26.15$29.29 Kappa Wooden Watch £149$311.88€216.51$242.48 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS DELIVERY RETURNS ask seller a question save for later Really impressive dress ring available in green or purple We love these stretch stone rings! Available with a green or purple stone, they will make any outfit. The stone is set in a wrap around gold metal sling. The ring has a stretch so will fit any finger size. A sensational piece of jewellery, guaranteeed to make an impact! Available in green or purple stone made from: Nickel base free nickel dimensions: Adjustable to fit any size product code: 220975 This product is dispatched to you by Kiki's. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Free Delivery Friday 10 July FREEFREEFREEFREE Express Next Day Tuesday 7 July £4.95$10.36€7.19$8.05 Saturday Delivery Saturday 11 July £12.95$27.10€18.81$21.07 Standard Courier Delivery Friday 10 July £3.95$8.26€5.73$6.42 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £4.75$9.94€6.90$7.73 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £4.75$9.94€6.90$7.73 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £4.95$10.36€7.19$8.05 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £20.00$41.86€29.06$32.54 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £20.00$41.86€29.06$32.54 USA & Canada 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £33.00$69.07€47.95$53.70 Far East & Australasia 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £38.00$79.54€55.21$61.84 Rest of the world 5-14 working daysfrom dispatch £38.00$79.54€55.21$61.84 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Kiki's's return policy


text:
For good or for bad, Henry was unforgettable
Thierry Henry has retired. For many admirers, his jaw-dropping deception in Paris leaves a smudge on an otherwise stellar legacy.
Thierry Henry has retired. For many admirers, his jaw-dropping deception in Paris leaves a smudge on an otherwise stellar legacy.
Paul Little believes that the time has come for Barcelona to move on from one of its favourite sons.
A look at the history of friendship between Louis Van Gaal and Jose Mourinho as they set to go head-to-head this Sunday in the Premier League.
On the cusp of breaking Telmo Zarra's 59-year-old record, Lionel Messi's consistent brilliance often obscures his genius. That should never be the case.
Matt Gault looks at Valencia's rise and impressive start to the season under new boss Nuno Espírito Santo
Matthew Coyle tells the life story of one of Ireland's forgotten footballing legends, Patrick O'Connell.
With 'parking the bus' becoming more commonplace, Cormac O'Shea discusses the method that has divided football tactics.
Robert Redmond discusses Jose Mourinho and after a disappointing 2013/14 season, isn't far from he himself being a managerial flop.
Matt Gault looks at some of the smaller clubs in European football as they attempt to advance in UEFA's respective club competitions
Shubhayan Sengupta ponders the role that Luis Suarez will play now that he has switched to the Camp Nou.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Get out in Melbourne this winter
Rug up and check out a whole bunch of world class, super-fun activities for your family this winter in Melbourne. more
There are some foods that you need to take extra care with when you are preparing, handling and storing. These include:
This article was written by Ella Walsh for Kidspot. Sources include The Children's Hospital, Westmead.
Last revised: Thursday, 19 June 2008
This article contains general information only and is not intended to replace advice from a qualified health professional.


text:
Chapter 12--The Evidence of the Missing Body.
The most astounding claim in all of Christianity, and the most important part of Christian theology, is of course the resurrection of Jesus from death by crucifixion. As Paul put it, if Jesus was not resurrected, then Christian faith is in vain. So providing evidence that this resurrection actually happened is of special importance to Christian apologetics, and the number one claim in support of this in the gospels and other parts of the NT is that the disciples of Jesus, visiting his tomb to anoint his body, found that tomb empty, setting the stage for his post-resurrection appearances. But was there really a tomb? And was it really empty?
This chapter's expert is theologian and apologist William Lane Craig. Craig theses days is currently under fire for his defense of divine command theory, which states that 'good' is defined by whatever God says it is--even, in the case of the Amalekites in 1 Samuel 15, genocide. When Strobel interviewed him, he was know as a fierce debater and slayer of atheists on the debate stage, someone who could support the idea that rational thinking could justify Christianity. Will his sage and penetrating logic steamroller this lil' ol' heathen nobody into the arms of Jesus? Let's find out.
They begin where the last chapter left off. After the crucifixion, wouldn't the body of Jesus been dumped into the local landfill (maybe the valley of Hinnom, aka Gehenna?). Or thrown into a common grave with the other criminals? Or left to be devoured by birds and/or dogs? All were common Roman treatments of crucified corpses, after all. Certainly teh Romans would not turn over Jesus' corpse to his followers for a decent burial. Craig brings out Paul in 1 Corinthinans 15, the earliest Christian text that speaks of the passion of Jesus (and has little to say about it) and contaisn teh followign 'detailed' account--"he was buried." How much mileage can one get out of three words? Eevn Strobel admits this is too vague for him. Craig claims the creed this phrase is a part of is a summary that line for line correspond with the gospels. Let me present the entire creed here ( 1 Corinthians 15:3-8)--
3 For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that he appeared to Cephas, and then to the Twelve. 6 After that, he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers and sisters at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep. 7 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles, 8 and last of all he appeared to me also, as to one untimely born.
As you can see, we have only a bare-bones, superficial resemblance to the far more elaborate gospel stories (and verses 5-8, half of this creed, contradict them). There is a lot that can be said about this creed--worthy of a whole post in and of itself. But for now I will stay focused. Anyway, Craig next points out that all of the tomb stories contain the figure of Joseph of Arimathea, and that Mark's account was written too early to be subjected to the legend making process. He does not try to date that gospel however, although most everyone agrees it is the oldest of the NT gospels. Wee have no way to evaluated this claim--most experts believe that mark was written in or around 65 CE based on internal evidence. That's plenty of time to allow for a writer to elaborate on the bare creed made by Paul around 50 CE (we don't know when he first began preaching it) when he had first visited the Corinthians. Remember, the gospels we not meant to be biographies and not meant to be studied for historical veracity--that's putting a modern rationalist gloss on their true purpose, which was to convince people with first century standards of evidence that Jesus was a savior. Craig gives ancient mythmakers too little credit for creativity.
Since Joesph of Arimathea is the glue that links the empty tomb stories together, what of him? Historical figure? Strobel points out some issues with his story; in Mark, the council votes to condemn Jesus, but Joseph is a member of that council--why then would he want to bury Jesus honorably? Craig allows this and claims that Luke 'corrected' this discrepancy by having Joseph not present at the vote. He neglects the greater discrepancy with Matthew, who calls Joseph simply a 'rich man' and the far more serious discrepancy with John, where Joseph is described as a secret disciple out of his fear of 'the Jews', no council role for him in this gospel. As you can see, on close examination, the consistency of Joseph's character evaporates and he sure looks like the product of a game of Gospel Telephone starting with Mark. And nowhere does Craig mention a glaring issue with Joseph's home town--outside of the gospels there is no evidence Arimathea even existed. Luke ("the most historically confirmed gospel" as was claimed elsewhere in this book) calls it a Jewish town, and that's it. We know nothing of it otherwise. Craig whistles past these issues and instead claims that there's no reason to make him up, especially when he could have been fact checked by the Jewish enemies of Christianity; Craig also implies that Christian writers would not make up a favorable character who was a member of a group that condemned Jesus to death. And if legendary, wouldn't there be competing versions of the burial story? To take the last objection first, the differences in the four canonical gospels are themselves variations in tradition--we also know of non canonical gospels that have even more dramatic versions of the empty tomb story, like the gospel of Peter (remember the talking cross?) and the gospel of Thomas, which has no stories of Jesus at all (null is also a competing tradition too). And there are other gospels that we have today that are not complete--who knows what they contained about the burial? There are rival traditions all right, just like one would expect from a myth cobbled together out of hearsay. As for Joseph being from an unfavorable group, we also have followers of Jesus who are tax collectors, poor fishermen, demon-possessed, Roman centurions, and Samaritans. Having 'disreputable' followers is in fact one of the hallmarks of the teaching of Jesus in the synoptics, so Joseph fits right in. Finally, the evidence shows that few cared enough about Christianity back in the day, and the existing objections to it were serious enough (false messiah and all that) that a fictional character or two would have been incidental to the indictment of heresy leveled against Christianity by its Jewish opponents. So much for these attempts at supporting the Joseph story. Strobel then suggests that the resurrection was spiritual in nature and that Paul's creed doesn't mention an empty tomb because it wasn't really empty. In fact, if one reads the rest of 1 Corinthians 15 which touches on the resurrection bodies that believers will have in the next life, this is exactly what Paul does say--the Jesus he and others witnessed was a spirit being, not a flesh and blood person--after all, Paul states that "flesh and blood cannot enter the kingdom." Craig makes the hilarious statement that "the creed definitely implies the empty tomb" as if an implication is definitive. Well no--it says he was buried (in what?) and that he was raised (how?) and that's it. No matter--its the forcefulness of Craig's statement that matters, not what he actually said. I'm 'definitely implying' his rhetoric is suspicious here. Paul's comments in 1 Corinthians go unmentioned.
Next we come to the question of the guards of the tomb Craig has failed to 'definitely' prove (or even imply). Matthew alone reports that the tomb was guarded to keep Jesus' disciples from swiping his body to fulfill his prediction of resurrection. Craig starts with a supposed description of how the unproven tomb of Jesus might have been secured by a stone seal based on archaeology, which is fairly accurate if we're talking about the most expensive kind of tomb available to those who weren't outright rulers. Then Craig tries to wave off the whole guard story by saying it's not that important to the story of the resurrection anyway and is just incidental. Ah, the dream of every lawyer when faced with evidence that ruins their case--"it doesn't matter anyway, Your Honor." He erects the straw man that the empty tomb/guards discrepancy only matters to those who believe that a hoax or conspiracy was behind the empty tomb--those who feel the whole thing is a myth are ignored. Then Craig reverses course and defends the guards as historical anyway. Once again he imagines objecting Jews who would have pointed out the falsity of a fictional cohort of guards and states that their absence is evidence of the truth of the guards story. No. First, would they have even cared about fiction, when it was heresy they were most concerned with regarding Jesus? Second, we know from Paul that the Jews did indeed vigorously oppose him--maybe they used discrepancies such as this to do so. Third, after 70 CE and the destruction of the Jerusalem temple, when most of the gospels were written, the Jews had bigger problems than Christians to worry about, leaving Christians to spread whatever myths they wanted to without fear of opposition from their former coreligionists. Strobel, who is really going for it here, brings up another objection--why would Jewish authorities have requested Roman guards and why would Pilate have granted them? Remember, the historical Pilate was not very nice to his Jewish subjects. Craig makes the wacky suggestion that the Romans would have allowed Jewish guards to be at the tomb and that Matthew never specified Roman guards in the first place. Craig selectively quotes the relevant verse as having Pilate say, "You have a guard" to definitely imply (sorry) the guards may not have been Romans, while leaving out the next two words, "of soldiers." Romans did not run a great empire by letting rebellious subjects maintain soldiers, Comrade Craig--thought you should know that. But then he flip-flops and says the guard may have been Roman after all, citing John's gospel to claim that Roman centurions reported to Jewish temple authorities. More definitive implying here--John 18 only states that temple police and Roman soldiers were together at the arrest, not that one was reporting to the other. At this point Strobel backs off and lets Craig off the hook. I wonder why.
The inevitable gospel discrepancies come up next over who was at the tomb when it was found to be empty. An atheist, Dr.Michael Martin, is quoted to present the contradictions. Craig sniffs that Martin, a philosopher, is not a historian and doesn;t understand narrative. Craig is not a historian either--he's a theologian. This explains why he next distorts the historian's practice of removing incidental details to find a core of truth when comparing versions of legendary tales. They do this, but do not proclaim the revealed core as historical fact--only that it is the core point of the given legend. Real historians only deal with verifiable facts, Dr. Craig (and I'm not a historian either, full disclosure, but I do know how they work) and not supernatural stories when evaluating the historicity of a story. And as has been consistent in the entire book, the problem that these 'incidental' contradictions pose for seeing the Bible as divinely inspired and not the product of fallible humans is completely overlooked. Craig compares the discrepancies with differing accounts of Hannibal's invasion of Italy, neglecting to mention that the discrepancies were noted by those who wrote the accounts (as Hannibal's disputed invasion route was kept secret from prying, and Roman eyes) and that we have independent archaeological evidence for the invasion, unlike the resurrection. Strobel, not a historian either, is snowed by this example. next comes the common Christian practice of resolving discrepancies by harmonizing them in one big lump in which everything happened and different writers told bits of the full story. In the midst of this Craig allows for differing theological perspectives determining what parts of the story are told. What ever happened to divine inspiration? Finally, the difference between Jonah's prophecy of being in the earth for 'three days and three nights' versus Jesus being in the tomb for two and a half days and nights comes up. Craig claims that under Jewish reckoning, part of a day counts as a full day, totally ignoring the rule about days as being determined by sunrise and sunset. He says that contradictions can be reconciled by a knowledge of historical background (but not accurate knowledge, he shows) and by having "an open mind." We know what that means about brain containment.
This Martin person apparently says that since the first witnesses to the empty tomb, their testimony is somehow suspect. I can't confirm or deny he said this, not knowing who Martin is. But Craig does find it odd that women were the first discoverers of the tomb and not the male disciples. He seems to think this is embarrassing due to the low status of women in Jewish society of the era. Of course, that made them perfect for anointing dead bodies and that's in fact what they were at the tomb for--just an example of verisimilitude by the gospel writers. Why would they go to anoint him anyway, asks Strobel? He asks this question to give Craig an opportunity to portray the women as loving and tender disciples of Jesus since the answer is obvious. Who would have moved the stone for them? Craig doesn't know, just that we shouldn't question their devotion with such inquiries. And that's how an apologist ends a line of questioning before it gets awkward.
Undeterred (to give Craig an opportunity to 'refute' objections, not to seriously question him, as you can see), Strobel brings up the fact that the empty tomb is not mentioned anywhere else in the NT. Craig refers to Acts 2 and Peter's sermon as evidence that they did preach an empty tomb. Craig ignores the fact that Acts is the sequel to Luke's gospel and is therefore not independent of the gospel accounts. Peter's only comment on Jesus' body here is to quote Psalm 16:9-10 to claim that Jesus was raised without corruption; in the original Hebrew this verse has David saying, "my body also rests secure", which totally changes the meaning from the "corruption" of the Septuagint Greek versions that Luke and the rest used for proof-texting. The same critique applies to the citation of Acts 13 by Craig; again this is not independent of Luke's gospel. Craig then whines (really) that it's unreasonable to claim that early preachers didn't refer to an empty tomb in the NT. No Craig; it's factual to make this claim and you didn't really refute it. Just sayin.
Strobel asks Craig to list his best positive evidence for an empty tomb. First, he repeats the 'implied' evidence in 1 Corinthians. Sorry, that was busted. Next, he says the site of Jesus' tomb was now to Christians and Jews back in the day and he could have been dug up if still in the tomb. Problem--we never established there was a tomb anywhere in this chapter. Then he claims that language and grammar show that Mark got his story from an earlier source, one closer to the event, as early as 37 CE in fact. No evidence is cited to support this--the consensus is that the gospel was put together from varied sources some thirty five years or more after the crucifixion. How this was done is too disputed to go farther than that. Next, Craig claims that Mark's account is too simple and not flowery enough to be a complete legend. In the eye of the beholder is all I have to say here. Then he cites the unanimous testimony that the tomb was discovered by women as proof. Well, except for Paul's original women-free account--that must amount to something, right? Finally he claims that there were no Jewish accounts that claimed the tomb contained Jesus' body. Might I suggest that this is because there was no tomb for the Jews to comment on? Not much in the way of positive evidence--to advance the (still unproven) claim of an empty tomb, Craig comes up, well, empty.
A theory that the women were directed to the wrong tomb by an attendant is dismissed on account that such an error would have eventually been corrected. I agree and it's not much of a theory in the first place--another red herring. So then, are the empty tomb stories just fabricated legends? Once again Craig trots out the claim that because there is a consistent core, this makes that corr fact, forgetting that it's equally possible this core could be the original legend. And again, he's willing to admit that some of the secondary details may in fact be legendary; curious for an evangelical. Yet Strobel comes away convinced that the empty tomb is a solid historical fact from all this. Go figure. Craig then caps his argument by saying that the theory that God raised Jesus from the dead doens't contradict science or experience, as long as one believes that God exists. As long as it's possible for there to be a God so the resurrection is possible too. I'm sure he would have added "definitely possible' if he had remembered to. But we have now left the realm of reason and evidence and retreated where all apologists end up eventually--into faith and wishful thinking. Saying that the possibility of empty tombs and resurrected men has God as the best justification for this not contradicting experience (how much experience do people have with resurrected dead people?) shows that, far from a "veritable rock" of truth as an end-quote claims, the empty tomb is just as verifiable as the night journey of Muhammad to Jerusalem and heaven, or the myth of Hercules, or tales of Coyote. Instead of proving the reality of the empty tomb, Craig has given us more reason to relegate it alongside the myths and legends above. I guess I wasn't convinced after all.


text:
DAYTRIPPERS TRAVEL CLUB July 17. Tiffany's Restaurant, Welsh Road and Roosevelt Boulevard. 10:30 a.m. 215-824-2796.
A man used diversion instead of force to steal a couple of cartons of cigarettes from a Bustleton convenience store on March 29, but he wasn't able to deceive a surveillance camera.
The Northeast Philadelphia Hall of Fame on Sunday afternoon inducted five individuals and one nonprofit agency during a ceremony at Holy Family University.
Stephen Decatur Sr. (1752-1808), generally referred to as "Captain," and his son Stephen Decatur Jr., referred to as "Commodore," both had distinguished careers in the earliest years of the U.S. Navy.
— Cows, wagons, oxen and sheep, and other good stuff, have graced what is believed to be America's oldest roadway bridge, in Holmesburg.
A former sailor on the USS Forrestal organizes a ceremony to salute the ship and remember a deadly fire.


text:
[ Logo ]
[ Permissions ]
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: write sound files to internal SD card.
RECORD_AUDIO: record sounds.
INTERNET/ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE: advertisement.
[ Changelog ]
2014/04/29 v1.5 Add Pitch Shifting FP effect.
2014/04/13 v1.4 Remove unsafe permissions.
2014/04/12 v1.399 Change advertising network.
2014/03/09 v1.398 Fix crash.
2014/03/09 v1.397 Fix minor issues.
2014/02/09 v1.396 Disable horizontal scrolling.
2014/02/09 v1.395 Fix minor issues. Remove unnecessary permissions.
2012/11/08 v1.394 Fix menu bugs on Android 4.1. Reduce package size.
2012/05/27 v1.393 Fix crash when choosing No Effect under certain conditions.
2012/05/18 v1.392 Adjust Pitch Shifting algorithm for polyphonic music.
2012/05/17 v1.391 Add sharing function to player page.
2012/05/06 v1.39 Fix error caused by Robotization effects. Fix layout issue on ICS. Double audio buffer size to mitigate playback/recording problems. Add x86/MIPS support. Add playlist.
2012/04/25 v1.38 Add volume control. Temporarily remove Chinese/Japanese UI.
2012/04/14 v1.371 Remove unnecessary permissions.
2012/04/12 v1.37 Reduce 50% synthesis time.
2012/04/05 v1.36 Add sharing function and Simplified Chinese UI. Fix buffer overflow bug.
2012/03/27 v1.35 Change sampling rate to 44.1 kHz to improve compatibility. Add Reversing/Resampling effect. Temporarily remove preference page.
2012/03/21 v1.341 Fix compatibility issue.
2012/03/21 v1.34 Add Time Stretching effect.
2012/03/17 v1.33 Significantly reduce synthesis time on ARMv7. Add preference page.
2012/03/04 v1.32 Fix minor issues.
2012/03/04 v1.31 Add error handling.
2012/03/03 v1.3 Add Robotization effects, Traditional Chinese/Japanese UI and menu.
2012/03/01 v1.22 Fix layout issue on QVGA display.
2012/02/28 v1.21 Fix layout issue.
2012/02/28 v1.2 Fix layout issue.
2012/02/27 v1.1 Reduce memory usage.
2012/02/26 v1.0 First version.
What's New
Perfect Vocal Free
- Pitch shifting (new)
- Automatic formant correction (new)
- Formant shifting (new)
- Change correction speed
- Set a recording as your ringtone
- Automatic pitch correction
- Re-process any of your recordings to different keys without re-recording
- Share your songs with your friends
- 48 keys to choose from
- Clip LED to prevent microphone overload
Future versions will include the following features:
- Import background tracks from your phone to sing with
- Import vocal tracks from your phone that you have recorded elsewhere (like your PC)
- Convert your recordings to mp3 for easy sharing
- Upload recordings directly to Facebook
- Have something else you want me to add to this list? Let me know!
1) Storage - Required to save your recordings to your SD card
2) Network communication - Required for AdMob
3) Hardware controls - Required to record audio
4) System tools - Required to keep your phone running while recording and to set your ringtone
5) Development tools(Jelly Bean) - This is a new permission that goes along the Storage permission. It is needed to read and write from your SD card
Please feel free to contact me with any comments, questions, suggestions, or concerns. Thanks!
Smart Voice Recorder
NOTE: This app is not call recorder. May not work properly on some handsets. User interface not optimized for tablets yet. Recordings in this format cannot be sent via text/sms/mms. Please feel free to send me feedback via email if you have any.
- automatic and manual sensitivity control for Skip silence mode (Beta)
- live audio spectrum analyzer
- wave/pcm encoding with adjustable sample rate (8-44 kHz)
- recording in background (even when display is off)
- microphone gain calibration tool
- save/pause/resume/cancel recording process control
- storage and directory change (default: sdcard/SmartVoiceRecorder)
- remaining recording time showed on home screen, limited only by available space on your storage (and tech. limit 2GB per file)
- easy to use recordings list
- send/share a recording via email, whatsapp, dropbox, etc.
- set a recording as an ringtone, alarm or notification in one click
Permissions that this app needs are:
- internet access (for displaying ads and some stats collection)
- write to external storage (to store recordings)
- record audio
- wake lock (for prevent device from sleeping)
- write settings (for ability to set default system ringtone/notification/alarm)
- billing (for in-app option to turn off ads)
Caustic Editor for VolcaSample
- Record directly from your Android device.
- Load any uncompressed, mono or stereo WAV, at any sampling rate or bit depth.
- Apply any of 16 of Caustic's effects and preview them in real-time, then stamp down and apply more.
- Process waveform audio with Fade In/Out, Normalize, Amplify, Reverse operations and more.
- Use Caustic's C-SFXR to generate retro video game sounds.
- Trim audio precisely, down to individual samples.
- View the frequency spectrum of your audio.
Volca Sample-specific features:
- Upload to any of the 100 sample slots and keep a database of your device's state.
- Clear all samples
- Restore factory samples
- Monitor device memory
This is not an official KORG app, it is made by me, Rej Poirier / SingleCellSoftware using the KORG volca sample SDK.
This app contains no ads, no IAPs and does not access the internet. If you'd like to support my work, please buy Caustic or any other of my apps.
Visit http://www.singlecellsoftware.com for a free desktop (Windows/Mac) version too!
WavePad Audio Editor Free
WavePad Free works within audio waveforms to make selections for quick editing, such as inserting sound from other files, or apply sound effects like the high pass filter to clarify audio quality.
This free sound editor is Ideal for journalists and other professionals who need to recordings on the go. WavePad Free makes it easy to edit, store, or send recordings so they are readily available wherever they are needed.
• Supports a number of file formats including wave and aiff
• Editing capabilities include cut, copy, paste, insert, trim and more
• Effects include amplify, normalize, echo and more
• Edit multiple audio file formats
• Supports auto-trim editing and voice activated recording
Music Speed Changer
If you like the effect of your modifications then save it to file on your device.
★ Play modified music / sound in audio formats: wav/mp3/ogg/flac.
★ Change Tempo of track in range 4x slower to 4x faster.
★ Set Pitch Octaves Change between -1 and +1.
★ Save / Export modified track to: wav/ogg/flac.
★ Tempo & Pitch may be changed in any moment.
★ 2 modes of changing Tempo & Pitch - slider (fast) / pad (accurate).
To play modified track just click "SELECT" button and choose track from music library or by browsing your device.
Supported formats: wav/mp3/ogg/flac.
If you select .wav file, then music may be instantly played. For other audio formats sound must be prepared for optimized playing (It usually takes few seconds for normal-length track on new & fast devices). It does NOT change your original files.
App requires temporary space for uncompressed tracks on your device. For normal 3 minutes long track is about 20MB, for longer more, for shorter less. Usually you don't have to worry about this.
If you want to have more fun you can change tempo or pitch of your music track.
"Relative Tempo" describes how fast sound will be played, 1.00 is original/non-changed tempo, 0.5 is 2x slower, 2.0 is 2x faster. Range is: 0.25 .. 4.0 .
"Pitch Octaves Change" describes how pitch will be changed with diffrence represented as -1.00 .. +1.00 octaves, 0.00 is original/non-changed pitch.
These values may be adjusted by slider or by clicking button near them and setting accurate value.
You may also save your music into file.
Supported formats for export / saving: wav/ogg/flac.
For OGG format encoding may be long task.
Please note that most of operations are cpu-intensive and for good results you need a performat device.
Tempo & Pitch values are auto-saved. When you select new track these values are set to default values.
More technical info:
Supported stream format: 8/16 bit encoding, 1/2 channels, 8000 / 11025 / 16000 / 22050 / 44100 / 48000 Hz sample rate. Used sample rate has to be supported by device, 8 bit encoding is extended to 16 bit encoding so device has to support 16 bit.
OGG encoder supports only sample rate 44100 Hz.
✓ App uses permissions for writing on SD card to enable exporting tracks.
✓ Other permissions like "Internet" are used by advertising services.
May be easily ignored if you don't want to support this app.
They appear on exit or in side-menu when user demands to show them.
Please consider rating app if you find it useful, it really helps, thank you.
If you like this app you may also enjoy "Reverse Music Player":
or "Text To Speech":
Audio Recorder and Editor
You can easily change your voice, preview the sound and save it to files.
Main features:
1. record high quality audio file in wave/pcm/wav format, and aac/m4a format. More formats are being added.
2. trim audio recordings
3. convert recorded audio file to pcm/wav format, aac/m4a format support are being added.
4. add echo to your voice
5. adjust pitch/pace/speed/sample of your recording
6. merge multiple wav/aac recordings to one
7. mix two audio recordings, or mix a recording with a preset background music
8. boost or reduce audio volume
9. share your recording
/** If you like advanced audio recorder, please rate and like us. We'll add the following features in future **/
1. noise filtering to improve recording quality
Voice Changer
Record your voice and apply any effect you want!
Apply helium, chorus, monster, chipmunk, backwards and many other funny effects to your voice!
Share your modified voice with friends(e-mail, dropbox, whatsapp...)
Voice Changer is an entertaining app with great graphics.
Have fun with your kids with voice changer!
- normal
- lazy
- echo
- monster
- chipmunk
- helium
- hexafluoride
- alien
- robot
- old radio
- chorus
- trembling
- fast
- kid
- smurf
- bee
- bathroom
- death
- backwards
- underwater
- telephone
fmod is used as sound engine. www.fmod.org
microphone icon is from http://pelfusion.com.
Voice PRO - HQ Audio Editor
By adopting this application you will soon realize its potential and multiple functions to play around your records. Like edit, cut, adjust, eliminate disturbances, noises and insert background. High Quality recording and editing App with lot of exciting features.
You can add audio effects, change tempo and volume, unit or mix record of any format or quality. Voice PRO has In-app purchases for certain features with nominal rate.
★ Share on Facebook, Twitter and Voice PRO Cloud
★ Receive Bluetooth files directly into record list
★ Convert YouTube video to audio file
★ Record can be converted to text in more than 40 languages
The Voice Recorder makes it possible to:
☆ Record in more than 100 formats
☆ Insert in real-time a background using any file already present in your device. You can also download –free of charge– new ones from a library online.
☆ Insert tag to help you select, during the playback, the most interesting parts of your records.
☆ Use the Earphone to control the effect of the background during recording.
☆ Record in background and at the same time utilize the device for other services.
☆ Visualize record info such as length, sample rate, dimensions, channels.
☆ Operate the playback both with internal and external player.
☆ Restore the records and complete them.
☆ Mix or merge any record in all formats.
☆ Handle the preferred ones, share them, add notes and tag and research the files.
☆ Convert to many formats (mp3, wav, flac, ogg)
☆ Remove vocals, Handle the GAIN, the TIME, the RUMORS, and the REVERB – an example of the remarkable possibilities of applicable effects.
Voice PRO has In-app purchases for features like mixing two or more records, Call Recorder, Voice to Text, Encrypting records, Backup service. You can enable these features by subscribing it at nominal rate as in-app purchase.
☆ Convert records to texts. "Voice PRO" is the only existing application in market allowing you to convert your records of any length in "Texts" acting as a dictaphone, giving you therefore the possibility to listen to them with an internal "Vocal synthesizer" and save them in Audio Format. In other words you actually synthesize your own voice.
☆ Encrypt and decrypt your records and protect them with Password at 128 characters (bytes).
☆ Mix with other records or background.
☆ Cut off parts of records and save them in new files or new formats either musical, sonic or identifying-sounds.
☆ Restore a record from backup.
☆ Home screen widget
☆ Mp3 bitrate change up to 320kbps
☆ Sample rate up to 48000 HZ
☆ Encoding at 8 and 16 bytes
☆ Registering in format MONO & STEREO
☆ Auto gain to reduce noises during recording
☆ Pause in registering at incoming calls.
☆ Internal help for each function
☆ Control of icons, notifying and privacy
☆ Files backup
☆ Installation on SD CARD
☆ Request new effects or lyrics
Voice PRO acts a Dictaphone, Virtual Recorder,Sound Recorder or Speech Recorder. App is totally compatible with the majority of systems existing on the market. In addition we are glad to confirm that we are providing our clients a 24 Hrs assistance with an average "Success-time" of 40 minutes.
Please remember that we can't contact you for extra information if you report an issue through the reviews.
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/VoiceProApp
Twitter: http://twitter.com/voicepro_app
Support: email@example.com
How To Videos : http://www.youtube.com/howtovoicepro
Simple Voice Changer
Make a female's voice sound deep and slow, turn your friend's voice into a robot, a squeaky chipmunk or sound like you are talking in an echoing cave. There are 12 effects to choose from and more to come soon! Simple Voice Changer allows you to record any sound/song/music using your phone's built in microphone and apply funny effects to it.
- Professionally translated into multiple languages.
- 12 Audio effects to choose from.
- Save your favorite recordings.
- Set your saved recordings to be your phone's ringtone.
- Share your recordings with friends.
- Can also be used as a regular Voice Recorder application.
People have been asking where the saved recordings are. On the main screen of Simple Voice Changer click on the "disk" button at the top right of the screen!
Keywords: Voice Changer, Voice Recorder, Voice Effects
Voice Changer with Effects
Record your voice and apply any effect you want!
Apply helium, alien, squirrel, robot, backwards, smurf and many other funny effects to your voice!
You can send your changed voices directly from Whatsapp!
Share your modified voice with friends(e-mail, whatsapp, line...).
Save your modified voice to internal memory and set as ringtone, notification or alarm sound.
Have fun with your kids with voice changer!
- normal
- drunk
- squirrel
- backwards
- cave
- helium
- hexafluoride
- robot
- low battery
- telephone
- alien
- monster
- kid
- bathroom
- old radio
- death
- smurf
- chorus
- underwater
- fast
- wolf
- bee
- fan
- space station
fmod is used as sound engine. www.fmod.org
AudioDroid : Audio Mix Studio
AudioDroid User Manual:
RoboVox Voice Changer Pro
Choose among 32 different voice styles and jam with the pitch and modulation settings by sliding your finger across the X-Y control field.
Modify your voice live with your headphones on, record your voice and play it back transformed or use the parrot mode that repeats your altered voice automatically.
Save your recording, send it via email or share it directly on SoundCloud.
Get it now and alienate your voice!
RoboVox Features:
- 32 voice models such as Pitch Shift (Chipmunk, Helium voice), Discobot, Badman, Exorcist, Cylon, Dalek, Singing Robot, Vader, HAL, Stephen, Prophet
- X-Y control field for modifying pitch and modulation
- 3 different modes: real-time, parrot and recording
- Real-time mode (with headphones)
- Voice recording
- Share your results directly on SoundCloud
- Save and email your creations as WAV files
- Save your transformed voice as ringtone
- Vocoder with real-time FFT spectral analysis
More details at: http://www.mikrosonic.com/robovox
Terms of Use: http://www.mikrosonic.com/terms
Privacy Policy: http://www.mikrosonic.com/privacy
Audio Editor for Android
ringtone maker: create free ringtone/alarm/notification from mp3 or aac file
audio conversion: wav to mp3 conversion, wma to mp3, m4a to mp3, mp3/wav/wma/m4a to aac conversion
audio extraction: extract mp3 from mp4 video
Android Audio Editor is a multi-functional tool for manage and edit your audio files. The three main functions are audio extraction, audio conversion and audio editor.
The audio editor allows you convert mp3 files to ringtone. It gives you access to the free ringtone world. The interface is intuitive and easy to use. You can select part of the mp3 file to save as mp3 ringtone.
The audio conversion allows you to convert wav/wma/m4a and other audio formats to mp3 or aac files. You can set the audio bitrate and sample rate, and convert only part of the original file. If you want us to support more formats, feel free to email us.
The audio extraction function allows you to extract mp3 from mp4 or other video formats.
In addition, you can also do audio recording, move media files from one folder to another, delete files, share files etc in single or batch mode.
android.permission.INTERNET : for ads display if pro key is not installed
android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE: for deciding if we can send out feedback
android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION: for ads display
android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE: for ads display
android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: for store converted and edited files
android.permission.WAKE_LOCK: for conversion in background
android.permission.READ_LOGS: for collecting logs in case a conversion fails. Users will be asked if logs should be sent back every time.
android.permission.READ_CONTACTS: for assign ringtone to contacts
android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS: for assign ringtone to contacts
android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS: for assign ringtone to contacts
MP3 Cutter and Ringtone Maker♫
Make your own MP3 ringtones fast and easy with this app. You can even record a live audio and this MP3 editor can edit and trim the best parts from it for free. Supports MP3, WAV, AAC, AMR and most other music formats. This app is also a music editor/alarm tone maker/ ringtone cutter and notification tone creator.
How to use Mp3 Cutter and Ringtone Maker:
1.Select mp3/music from your mobile or from Recordings.
2.Select area to be chopped from your audio.
3.Save as Ringtone/Music/Alarm/Notification.
App Features:
♪ Record button at top left of app to record an audio/music for editing.
♪ An Inverted Red Triangle to Select and Edit Mp3/Music from your Mobile/SD.
♪ Option to delete (with confirmation alert) the created Tone.
♪ View a scrollable waveform representation of the audio file at 4 zoom levels.
♪ Set start & end for the audio clip, using an optional touch interface.
♪ Tap anywhere on the wave & the built♪in Music player starts playing at that position.
♪ Manually set the Start & End time(in seconds) by typing the values in text boxes at bottom of app.
♪ Option to Name the new cut clip while saving it.
♪ Set the new clip as default ringtone or assign to contacts, using this editor.
Use this audio cutter free of cost and make the best ringtone ever from your old songs.
Helium Voice Changer + Video
Send hilarious voice and video messages where your voice is comically squeaky, for example with chipmunk voice (helium video changer is included). So funny voice recorder you will not stop recording yourself.
It's as easy as:
* Select video or audio to have a hilarious voice change. The video changer option modifies the voice of your existing videos too.
* Select your voice: chipmunk voice, robot voice, drunk voice and more coming.
* Record: say something out loud. Video transformer and voice processor.
* Play: hear your own words turned hilarious ;) Feel a the best helium voice recorder and helium video app!
* Share: send your robot voice, chipmunk voice or any other through your favorite chat app, save as ringtone, save to gallery, etc.
Do you have any comments, suggestions for improvements or new features for our voice processor, or any issues? We want our audio changer app be the most loved by our users. Leave a comment, we're listening!
Note: Inhaling real helium is dangerous. Achieve the same effect with this app, and avoid taking unnecessary risks.
Face Changer
CNET: "If you are searching for a great time killer and funny photo app, this one is for you. This app promises many laughs as you twist and edit your friends' faces."
Main Features:
Replace face parts Funny eyes, noses, make them bald.
Smudge and warp Make faces thin or fat, make ears pointy, make them smile.
Packed with features Add text or draw on top of the photo, Share with friends.
Simple to use, easy to learn and share.


text:
FedEx Services names new marketing exec
Patrick Fitzgerald, vice president of communications at FedEx Ground, has been named senior vice president integrated marketing and communications effective April 15 at Memphis-based FedEx Services.
The promotion is part of a shuffling of FedEx Express and FedEx Services organizational charts as the company gears up a program to improve profits by $1.7 billion a year.
The move was announced Friday by Mike Glenn, president and CEO of FedEx Services, and Raj Subramaniam, executive vice president global marketing and communications.
Memphis-based FedEx previously announced Scott Harkins as senior vice president global portfolio marketing.
Subscribe to The Commercial Appeal
Need Help? Call us at 1-888-789-0831.
Monday-Friday: 6am-5pm / Saturday: 6:30am-11:30am / Sunday: 6am-1pm


text:
By clicking on CONTINUE you confirm that you are 18 years and over.
Note: to turn off these warnings you need to set the 'safe mode' to OFF (on the top right)
This item has been deleted by submitter
Officer Involved Shooting Caught on Body Cam
In this video, an officer responds to a trespassing complaint. At the request of the owners of a vacant property, the officer clears the residence. He encounters a suspect in a back room, and orders h
By: hit_and_quit | Comments: 35 | Views: 1694 | Votes: 5 | Shared: 0
Location: Trinidad, Colorado, United States | Leaked: 3 hours ago in Other News, WTF
CCTV: Man Ejaculates Into Water Bottle In Hotel Lobby
KUALA LUMPUR, July 4, 2015 - A man who allegedly masturbated into a drinking bottle belonging to a cashier in a hotel lobby in Puchong was arrested yesterday. According to the New Straits Times, th
By: mulutcyber | Comments: 304 | Views: 30923 | Votes: 9 | Shared: 78
Location: Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia | Leaked: 5 hours ago in Other News, WTF
Murder Suicide Caught on CCTV
Footage has emerged from a cafe where a gunman appears to have followed his lawyer into an eatery, and fires several shots at point blank range. Satisfied that his victim is dead, he steps into a
By: 143heynow | Comments: 373 | Views: 42784 | Votes: 14 | Shared: 104
Leaked: 6 hours ago in WTF
Sex on The Beach?
Parking lot is close enough...lmao
By: dcmfox | Comments: 307 | Views: 70258 | Votes: 18 | Shared: 23
Leaked: 9 hours ago in WTF
Height of Confidence
When size doesn't matter ....
By: ebolism | Comments: 109 | Views: 19011 | Votes: 32 | Shared: 36
Leaked: 9 hours ago in WTF
Firework pank
Rude awakening
By: Dr No | Comments: 182 | Views: 23898 | Votes: 26 | Shared: 15
Leaked: 9 hours ago in WTF
1 - 2 Buckle My Shoe, 3 - 4 Hit The Floor
Started off well .... but then, night nite !
By: dcmfox | Comments: 288 | Views: 26307 | Votes: 29 | Shared: 35
Leaked: 11 hours ago in WTF
Woman Gives Birth in Car en route to Hospital
This woman was going into labour and on her way to hospital when she gave birth right there in the car ...
By: Meritocracy | Comments: 402 | Views: 36147 | Votes: 32 | Shared: 48
Leaked: 11 hours ago in WTF
Old Man Saves The Day From Knife-Wielding Robbber
A knife-wielding robber was stopped in his tracks by two have-a-go pensioners who barricaded him inside a shop - and it was all caught on film. The panic-stricken bungling thug was left trapped ins
By: Meritocracy | Comments: 49 | Views: 5253 | Votes: 12 | Shared: 0
Location: Salford, England, United Kingdom (UK/GB) | Leaked: 13 hours ago in Other News
Performances Failure
By: 141HN | Comments: 319 | Views: 65091 | Votes: 32 | Shared: 8
Leaked: 15 hours ago in WTF
Tragic Stupidity in Morocco Kingdom
This incident of Raja fans on their way to the Casablanca returning from the town of khénifra Amazigh, located in the Central High Atlas mountains Morocco Kingdom
By: Tama7866 | Comments: 512 | Views: 59158 | Votes: 58 | Shared: 65
Leaked: 15 hours ago in Other News, WTF, Vehicles, Other
Duck with ducklings crossing at pedestrian crossing
By: w4chi | Comments: 341 | Views: 30500 | Votes: 93 | Shared: 107
Location: Russia | Leaked: 17 hours ago in Other Entertainment
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text:
In case you missed "Combating Violence Against Women and Girls and Advancing Peace," watch this archived version of the webcast. On Feb. 10, 2015, three human rights defenders joined President Carter for a discussion on protecting the rights of women and girls, with a special emphasis on women and peacemaking and on the role religious leaders can play in this effort.
The Carter Center Blog
March 10, 2015, 12:29 pm
Combating Violence and Discrimination Against Women and Girls | Webcast Archive
By The Carter Center
November 17, 2014, 2:05 pm
Building a Lasting Peace: Where Are the Women? | Webcast Archive
By The Carter Center
On Nov. 5, 2014, in partnership with The Elders, The Carter Center produced a live webcast of the Conversations event "Building a Lasting Peace: Where are the Women?"
This archive version of the webcast opens with a three-minute video about The Elders' work around the world, followed by an introduction from Carter Center CEO, Ambassador (Ret.) Mary Ann Peters, who …
April 8, 2014, 3:46 pm
President Carter Discusses Women's Rights on 'The Colbert Report'
By The Carter Center
Former President Jimmy Carter appeared on Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report" on March 25 to discuss his new book, "A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence and Power."
"A Call to Action" urges the end of discrimination and abuse against women, calling it the number one challenge in the world today. The book builds on the work of faith leaders …
March 17, 2014, 10:14 am
Join President Carter's Call to Action
By The Carter Center
The suffering of women and girls can be alleviated when individuals take forceful actions, which can impact larger society, asserts President Carter in his new book "A Call to Action." Political and religious leaders share a special responsibility, but the fact is that all of us can act within our own spheres of influence to meet these challenges.
In "A …
April 25, 2011, 9:14 am
Carter Center Helps Protect Congolese Human Rights Defenders Through Alert System
By The Carter Center
Listen to Sophie Borel talk about why the alert system was established.
Click image below to watch video.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, human rights activists often face intimidation and threats of violence, a situation expected to worsen as November 2011 national elections approach.
"I often get calls in the evening or at night from human rights defenders …
April 11, 2011, 8:21 am
Human Rights Defender Discusses Importance of Working Together to Advance Women's Rights
By The Carter Center
Ratna Osman, acting executive director of Malaysia's Sisters in Islam, was one of a diverse group of 72 human rights activists and religious scholars from 22 countries to attend the Carter Center's human rights defenders forum this week in Atlanta.
Through Sisters in Islam, Osman creates public awareness and advocates for reform to advance women's rights in Islam.
"We are …
April 6, 2011, 12:43 pm
Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter Urges Promotion of Women's Rights by Religious Communities
By The Carter Center
Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter urged religious communities to promote, not hinder, women's rights during his opening remarks at the 2011 Human Rights Defenders Forum taking place at The Carter Center in Atlanta, Ga., April 3-6. The remarks were a follow up to a speech he gave to the Parliament of the World's Religions in 2009.
The forum was attended …
March 28, 2011, 8:42 am
Upcoming Forum to Promote Women's Rights
By The Carter Center
From April 3-6, human rights leaders and scholars will gather at The Carter Center to discuss the key challenges that women's rights activists face and ways to work with religious, traditional, and government institutions to advance the protection of these rights.
"The idea came out of a speech that President Carter gave to the Parliament of World Religions in 2009 …


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Dubbed the "facekini," A fabric mask that covers a swimmer's entire head and neck is all the rage on China's beaches. Holes are cut for eyes, nostrils and mouth.
This site uses Facebook comments to make it easier for you to contribute. If you see a comment you would like to flag for spam or abuse, click the "x" in the upper right of it. By posting, you agree to our Terms of Use.
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text:
Junior World Champions still available for sponsorship
Click here
Gareth Denman starts in the Wanderers tight-head shirt © Getty Images
30 September 2013 Categories: Team News | views (3222)
Among a raft of senior names in the starting XV, centre Dom Waldouck sees action for the first time since suffering a serious leg injury back in March.
Up front, Gareth Denman picks up a first Wanderers start having featured in Friday night's first team win over Sale – fellow front row Mike Haywood likewise at hooker.
Entry to the fixture is free to all Season Ticket Holders, Saints Nation members and Bernie's Gang juniors, or just £5/£2 on the gate. If you can't make it to the game, follow live score updates through the club's Twitter and Facebook feeds!
Aviva 'A' League
Franklin's Gardens
Monday, September 30th, 2013
Kick off 7:30pm
15 Vasily ARTEMYEV
14 Tom COLLINS
13 Tom STEPHENSON
12 Dom WALDOUCK
11 Paul DIGGIN
10 Glenn DICKSON
9 Ryan GLYNN
1 Ethan WALLER
2 Mike HAYWOOD
3 Gareth DENMAN
4 Rob VERBAKEL
5 Alex WOOLFORD
6 Ben NUTLEY
7 Teimana HARRISON
16 Ross McMILLAN
17 Tom WARREN
18 Salesi MA'AFU
19 Matt WILLIAMS
20 Sam HARRY
21 Alex DAY
22 Sam OLVER
23 Howard PACKMAN
Number of views (3222)/Comments ()


text:
"Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking – Prostituted Children in the United States: Identifying and Responding to America's Trafficked Youth" is an interactive training tool that includes a 40-minute video and corresponding video viewing guide to enhance victim identification and effective response.
This is part 2 of the 4 part video series, created by Shared Hope International.
To order this resource, visit: sharedhope.org/store/dmst-viewing-guide-and-training-series/
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text:
The Centre has rejected the Odisha government's request to consider its recommendation of granting prospecting license (PL) over Khandadhar iron ore reserve in favour of Posco India which proposed to set up a Rs 52,000 crore steel facility near Paradip.
Dharmendra Pradhan said the BJD regime failed to take steps for providing iron ore mines for the mega project well in time.
Though Posco had paid Rs 30 crore as advance for land acquisition, it required to pay another Rs 54.22 crore, the sources said.
Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik today said his government has been trying 'very hard' to ensure setting up of the Rs 52,000 crore Posco steel plant near Paradip in the state.
Government will extend its full cooperation to South Korean steel giant Posco to expand its presence and setting up plants in India, Narendra Singh Tomar said.
Posco, which signed an MoU with the state government in June 2005, has so far been provided with 1,700 acres of land by the state government for setting up its plant.
The BJP leader said "a dusty and cloudy atmosphere has been created and the Chief Minister must make his government's intention clear."
Carmaker Hyundai wants to set up a third automobile plant in India and diversify into construction and railway sectors in India.


text:
The Darby's ExperiencePosted on 01 / 11 / 2013
The place is nice to know of if you are in the area. I am not opposed to going again, but the waiter hardly even talked and made my partner a bit uncomfortable. In fact, I heard more talking from the cook the whole time and I never saw her. The food seems a bit greasy to be fully vegan, but I did not get sick. The place has a groovy Wizard of Oz theme going on and some little froggies, but is ultimately kind of dingy.
You are going to spend a buck here, but pretty standard rates for the area. Vegan bloody mary mix is a nice touch, and the biscuits and gravy are decent. Good flavor, but a little on the cold side.
Cons: Uninterested waiter, Pricey, Dirty/greasy/questionably vegan


text:
Pure isomannide monooleate and pure aluminum monostearate are used singularly or in combination in the preparation of emulsion type adjuvant vaccines to yield an adjuvant superior to prior art adjuvants which employ commercial mannide monooleate and aluminum monostearate. Highly desirable formulations are obtained by the inclusion of pure aluminum monostearate as a stabilizer in combination with the pure isomannide monooleate.
1. An adjuvant composition comprising an oil and from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure isomannide monooleate.
2. The adjuvant composition of claim 1 wherein the oil is a vegetable oil.
3. The adjuvant composition of claim 1 wherein the oil is a mineral oil.
4. The adjuvant composition of claim 2 wherein the vegetable oil is peanut oil.
5. An adjuvant vaccine composition comprising an oil, an antigen and from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure isomannide monooleate.
6. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 5 wherein the oil is vegetable oil.
7. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 5 wherein the oil is a mineral oil.
8. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 6 wherein the vegetable oil is peanut oil.
9. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 5 wherein the antigen is influenza.
10. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 6 wherein the antigen is influenza.
11. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 8 wherein the antigen is influenza.
12. An adjuvant composition comprising an oil, from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure isomannide monooleate and from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure aluminum monostearate.
13. The adjuvant composition of claim 12 wherein the oil is a vegetable oil.
14. The adjuvant composition of claim 12 wherein the oil is a mineral oil.
15. The adjuvant composition of claim 13 wherein the vegetable oil is peanut oil.
16. An adjuvant composition comprising an oil, an antigen, from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure isomannide monooleate and from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure aluminum monostearate.
17. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 16 wherein the oil is a vegetable oil.
18. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 16 wherein the oil is a mineral oil.
19. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 17 wherein the vegetable oil is peanut oil.
20. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 16 wherein the antigen is influenza.
21. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 17 wherein the antigen is influenza.
22. The adjuvant vaccine composition of claim 19 wherein the antigen is influenza.
23. A parenteral vaccine preparation in the form of an emulsion comprising:
a. a disperse aqueous phase containing at least one antigenic substance;
b. a continuous oil phase;
c. from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure isomannide monooleate and
d. from about 0.5 - 10% by volume of pure aluminum monostearate.
24. A parenteral vaccine preparation in the form of an emulsion comprising (A) an emulsion vehicle which contains on a volume basis:
pure isomannide monooleate (0.5 - 10%),
oil (90-99.5%); and
(B) an aqueous phase having incorporated therein, prior to emulsification, an immunological agent in an amount sufficient to elicit immune response when parenterally administered to a host.
25. A process for enhancing immunity in a host comprising parenterally administering to said host the vaccine preparation of claim 24.
26. A parenteral vaccine preparation in the form of an emulsion comprising (A) an emulsion vehicle which contains on a volume basis:
pure isomannide monooleate (0.5 - 10%),
pure aluminum monostearate (0.5 - 10%),
oil (80-99%);
(B) an aqueous phase having incorporated therein, prior to emulsification, an immunological agent in an amount sufficient to elicit immune response when parenterally administered to a host.
27. A process for enhancing immunity in a host comprising parenterally administering to said host the vaccine preparation of claim 26.
This application is a continuation-in-part of copending Ser. No. 392,402, filed Aug. 28, 1973, now abandoned, which is in turn a continuation of Ser. No. 233,815, filed Mar. 10, 1972, now abandoned, which is in turn a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 141,401, filed May 7, 1971, now abandoned.
This invention is concerned with pure isomannide monooleate, and its use as an emulsifying agent, particularly in the preparation of water-oil emulsions for use as adjuvants in vaccine formulations. The invention further relates to pure aluminum monostearate as an emulsion stabilizer for water-oil emulsions. Of particular interest are adjuvant compositions which contain pure isomannide monooleate and pure aluminum monostearate. The novel adjuvant compositions of the invention may be employed as vehicles for the administration of injectable immunological substances and thereby produce higher antibody titers than are obtainable by the use of an equivalent aqueous dose thereof.
The invention further relates to improved vaccine formulations containing said adjuvant vehicles.
Broadly considered, the vaccines utilized at the present time are "fluid vaccines". The term fluid vaccine designates a suspension of an immunogenic or desensitizing agent in water or in a medium comprising a single, aqueous, liquid phase. Such vaccines are subject to the criticism that induced immunity is neither sufficiently good nor long-lasting following one or two vaccine injections having a reasonable dose volume. Many fluid vaccines must therefore be administered in a number of injections over a period of a few weeks or more if the desired protection is to be obtained. Additionally, combinations of a number of antigens in a single vaccine with a reasonable dose volume is not easily possible with normal fluid vaccines. Attempts have been made to overcome these difficulties by employing adjuvants to potentiate the activity of the fluid vaccines.
The principal purpose for employment of an immunologic adjuvant is to achieve a more durable immunity of a higher level employing a smaller antigenic mass in a fewer number of doses than could be achieved by administration of the equivalent aqueous antigen. It may be noted that development of an immunologically satisfactory and pharmacologically acceptable adjuvant is a prime essential for the preparation of workable multivalent killed virus vaccines which are effective and practical in the prevention of viral, bacterial, mycoplasmal or rickettsial diseases.
The prior art emulsion type adjuvants that have been employed to enhance the antigenicity of parenteral vaccines are comprised, in general, of emulsions of mineral or vegetable oils and water, either the oil or water being the continuous phase and the discontinuous phase being either water, oil or a second water-oil emulsion. The emulsion adjuvants generally require for stability other components known as emulsifying agents. A commonly employed emulsifying agent in the prior art is commercial mannide monooleate. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,149,036, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, describes the preparation of water-in-oil emulsion type adjuvants comprising as emulsifier commercial "mannide monooleate". The adjuvant formulation reported in the patent also includes commercially available aluminum monostearate as an emulsion stabilizer.
The novel emulsion type adjuvants of the invention possess unexpected advantages over the prior art adjuvants including those reported in U.S. Pat. No. 3,149,036. For example, adjuvants composed of pure isomannide monooleate and pure aluminum monostearate possess superior emulsion characteristics when compared to the corresponding adjuvants utilizing chemically impure materials. Furthermore, the novel adjuvants of this invention demonstrate distinct advantages in their ease of preparation relative to the prior art adjuvants.
It has further been found that the novel adjuvants of the invention unexpectedly permit the incorporation of higher concentrations of proteinaceous antigen than may be obtained with adjuvants composed of relatively impure components. This desirable property enables the highly efficient adjuvants of the invention to be employed with a wider range of immunological materials than would be possible with adjuvants containing impure components.
In addition to the above advantages, the novel adjuvants of the invention also demonstrate storage stability superiority compared to the prior art adjuvants. Furthermore, the adjuvants utilizing pure materials have the ability of withstanding deemulsification as a result of excessive energy input during the emulsification process and thereby offer significant advantages to the commercial emulsification technology by contributing simplicity and economy to said process.
As an added advantage, use of pure isomannide monooleate and aluminum monostearate leads to product consistency which is extremely important in the medicament field, whereas commercial mannide monooleate, and aluminum monostearate being a complex mixture of varying composition, may deny the requisite product consistency.
The novel adjuvants of the invention may be employed to potentiate the antibody response of antigenic materials. The terms "antigen" and "antigenic materials" which are used interchangeably herein include one or more non-viable immunogenic or desensitizing (anti-allergic) agents of bacterial, viral or other origin. The antigen component of the products of the invention may consist of a dried powder, an aqueous solution, an aqueous suspension and the like, including mixtures of the same, containing a non-viable immunogenic or desensitizing agent or agents.
The specific oil employed in the novel adjuvant composition of the invention is not critical. Any physiologically acceptable injectable oil or mixtures thereof including those oils which satisfy the specifications of the United States Pharmacopeia or National Formulary may be utilized in the practice of the invention. Representative members include peanut oil, safflower oil, soya bean oil, cottenseed oil, mineral oils of a pharmaceutical grade such as light paraffin and a light mineral oil, chaulmoogra oil, corn oil, persic oil, olive oil, sesame oil, almond oil, castor oil, squalane, isopropyl myristate and coconut oil. Of particular preference are peanut oil and highly purified light mineral oil.
When the adjuvant composition of this invention is employed as a vehicle for an immunological substance, the antigen (or antigens) is preferably incorporated in the aqueous phase prior to the addition of the aqueous phase to the oil. The immunological agent advantageously is used in purified or concentrated form. It may be a dried solid, or an adsorbate on a parenterally acceptable adsorbant, for example aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, pumice or kieselguhr.
The aqueous phase may conveniently be comprised of the antigenic material in a parenterally acceptable liquid. For example, the aqueous phase may be in the form of a vaccine in which the antigen is dissolved in a balanced salt solution, physiological saline solution, phosphate buffered saline solution, tissue culture fluids or other media in which the organism may have been grown. The aqueous phase also may contain preservatives and/or substances conventionally incorporated in vaccine preparations. The adjuvant emulsions of the invention may be prepared employing techniques well known to the art.
The antigen may be in the form of purified or partially purified antigen derived from bacteria, viruses, rickettsia or their products, or extracts of bacteria, viruses, or rickettsia, or the antigen may be an allergen such as pollens, dusts, danders, or extracts of the same or the antigen may be in the form of a poison or a venom derived from poisonous insects or reptiles. In all cases the antigens will be in the form in which their toxic or virulent properties have been reduced or destroyed and which when introduced into a suitable host will either induce active immunity by the production therein of antibodies against the specific micro-organisms, extract or products of microorganisms used in the preparation of the antigen, or, in the case of allergens, they will aid in alleviating the symptoms of the allergy due to the specific allergen. The antigens can be used either singly or in combination; for example, multiple bacterial antigens, multiple viral antigens, multiple mycoplasmal antigens, multiple rickettsial antigens, multiple bacterial or viral toxoids, multiple allergens or combinations of any of the foregoing products can be combined in the aqueous phase of the adjuvant composition of this invention. Antigens of particular importance are derived from bacteria such as B. pertussis, Leptospira pomona and icterohaemorrhagiae, S. typhosa, S. paratyphi A and B, C. diphtheriae, C. tetani, C. botulinum, C. perfringens, C. ferseri and other gas gangrene bacteria, B. anthracis, P. pestis, P. multocida, V. cholerae, Neisseria meningitidis, N. gonorrheae, Hemophilus influenzae, Treponema pollidum, and the like; from viruses as polio virus (multiple types), adeno virus (multiple types), parainfluenza virus (multiple types), measles, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza (various types), shipping fever virus (SF4), Western and Eastern equine encephalomyelitis, Japanese B. encephalomyelitis, Russian Spring Summer encephalomyelitis, hog cholera virus, Newcastle disease virus, fowl pox, rabies, feline and canine distemper and the like viruses, from rickettsiae as epidemic and endemic typhus or other members of the spotted fever group, from various spider and snake venoms or any of the known allergens for example from ragweed, house dust, pollen extracts, grass pollens and the like.
The relative proportions of the pure isomannide monooleate and pure aluminum monostearate as components of an adjuvant composition are not critical. Effective adjuvant compositions may be achieved employing, by volume, from about 0.5 - 10% of emulsifier (pure isomannide monooleate), 0.5% to 10% emulsion stabilizer (pure aluminum monostearate) and 80-99% oil vehicle. Of particular preference are adjuvant systems containing 1-6% aluminum monostearate (preferably 4%) and 1-10% isomannide monooleate (preferably 6%), the remainder being the oil vehicle. Vaccine products which contain an aqueous antigen component as the disperse aqueous phase may contain, by volume, from about 10-90% of adjuvant material, the preferred vaccine formulation containing about 50% aqueous antigen phase and about 50% adjuvant composition.
Pure isomannide monooleate, has the structure ##SPC1##
and the following characteristics:
Specific Rotation: [α]D 25 + 66.7� (C=1.0, CHCl3)
Refractive Index: nD 22 1.4780
Saponification equivalent: 99.7% of theory
Boiling Point: 220�C/0.200 mmHg.
Molecular Distillation: 105�-111�C/<1 μ.Hg.
Mass Spectrum: m/e=410
Nmr spectrum in (d6 - dimethyl sulfoxide)
δ 0.9-2.2 [Multiplet, 31H, CH3 (CH2)7 --CH=CH=(CH2)7 ]
δ 3.1-5.05 multiplet, 9H ##SPC2##
δ 5.3 (triplet, 2H, --CH=CH--)
Ir spectrum
______________________________________Wave No. (cm.sup.-1) Intensity______________________________________3444 Medium3000 "2920 Strong2850 "1740 "1650 Very weak1470 Medium1240 "1170 Medium1120 "1080 "1060 "1020 "______________________________________
The process for the preparation of pure isomannide monooleate can be described by the following equation: ##SPC3##
wherein R is CH3 (CH2)7 CH=CH(CH2)7--
X is OH; halo such as bromo, chloro or iodo; lower alkoxy of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy; or mononuclear aryloxy, preferably phenoxy;
The reaction conditions may vary depending on the nature of the X substituent.
Where X is halo, the oleoyl halide is added to an excess of isomannide dissolved in an inert solvent such as acetone; an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylene or the like; an ether such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or the like; or a halogenated hydrocarbon such as 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, methylene chloride or the like. The temperature of the reaction can be anywhere between about -20�C. and the reflux temperature of the solvent. Where the temperature is elevated, above about 50�C., the reaction proceeds readily without the presence of an acid acceptor. At the lower temperatures it is advantageous to have present a base such as an alkali or alkaline earth carbonate or bicarbonate, pyridine, a tertiary amine such as triethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane.
Where X is hydroxyl, a mixture of oleic acid, an excess of isomannide, and preferably an acid catalyst are allowed to react in a solvent. The catalyst can be any strong mineral acid such as sulfuric, hydrochloric, perchloric, hydrobromic, hydrofluoric, chlorosulfonic and ethanesulfonic acid; an acid regenerated cation exchange resin; various salts of mercury, silver, cobalt, nickel and cerium; or aromatic sulfonic acids such as benzenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, or β-naphthalenesulfonic acid. The solvent employed is generally an aromatic solvent or halogenated aromatic solvent such as benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene or the like. The reaction is conducted at any temperature from about ambient to the reflux temperature of the solvent employed.
Where X is lower alkoxy or aryloxy, a mixture of approximately equal molar quantities of the oleic acid ester and isomannide are reacted together preferably in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base or an acid. The reaction may be conducted in a solvent such as an aromatic hydrocarbon, or an ether such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or the like at any temperature between about -20�C. and the reflux temperature of the solvent. The catalyst is preferably an alkali metal alkoxide and preferably, but not necessarily, the alkoxy portion of the oleic ester and of the catalyst are the same. Alternatively, a strong mineral acid such as sulfuric, sulfonic or hydrochloric acid may be employed. The reaction may also be conducted in the absence of a solvent in which case the mixture of the two reactants and an alkali metal alkoxide are heated to above the fusion point preferably at a reduced pressure to distill off the alcoholic by-product.
The following examples are provided for illustrative purposes and may include particular features of the invention; however, the examples should not be construed as limiting the invention, variations of which are possible without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
Oleoyl chloride (10 g., 0.0332 mole) was added to a refluxing solution of 14.6 g., 0.0996 mole of isomannide is 200 ml. of toluene. The mixture was refluxed for two hours and cooled to room temperature. Unreacted isomannide was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with 25 ml. of saturated sodium bicarbonate and 25 ml. of water. The volume of toluene was reduced to 70 ml. by distillation at atmospheric pressure. The toluene solution was passed through a bed of alumina and the eluant distilled to give isomannide monooleate bp 226�/0.300 mm. Hg., thin layer chromatography (silica gel; 3 hexane:1 ethyl acetate) showed a single spot with RF 0.25; vapor phase chromatography indicated purity greater than 99%.
A mixture of 4.0 g. (0.014 mole) of oleic acid, 6.12 g. (0.042 mole) of isomannide and 0.4 g. (0.002 mole) of p-toluenesulfonic acid in 120 ml. of toluene was refluxed for 12 hours during which time water was removed employing a water separator. After cooling, the reaction mixture was filtered with the aid of diatomaceous earth and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was treated with 25 ml. of hexane. The insoluble isomannide was removed by filtration and the filtrate was passed through a bed of alumina to remove p-toluenesulfonic acid and oleic acid. The filtrate was distilled in vacuo to give isomannide monooleate, bp 220�C./0.200 mg. Hg.
A mixture of 5.93 g. (0.02 mole) of methyl oleate, 8.77 g. (0.02 mole) of isomannide and 0.0524 g. (0.001 mole of sodium methoxide was heated in vacuo (25-50 mm. Hg.) at 100�C. for 1 hour. The melt was cooled to room temperature. The oily solid was treated with 40 ml. of hexane. The isomannide was removed by filtration and the filtrate was distilled in vacuo to give isomannide monooleate, bp 218�-222�C./0.175 mm. Hg.
When pure aluminum monostearate is employed as the emulsion stabilizer component of an adjuvant composition the virologist is assured that the vaccine formulation will be safe and have the product consistency demanded of a parenteral dosage form as distinguished from the uncertainties inherent in a relatively impure material. In accordance with the instant invention the skilled artisan is provided a stabilizer of known constant composition that may be reproduced upon demand. Pure aluminum monostearate may be prepared from high purity stearic acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium aluminum sulfate. The product precipitates from hot aqueous solution and contains one atom of aluminum per molecule of stearic acid.
It has been found that reaction of one mole of stearic acid, one mole of alum (KAl(SO4)2.12H2 O) and 3 moles of sodium hydroxide in hot dilute aqueous solution gives a product which, after filtration, washing, and drying, analizes for Al(OH)2 (OOC(CH2)16 CH3). The reaction is run hot to keep sodium stearate in solution and is run in dilute solution to minimize absorption of inorganic salts. Three moles of caustic are used to give a pH near 7.
It should be noted that the pure aluminum monostearate prepared below is in sharp contrast with the available article of commerce which is a gross mixture of fatty acid radicals, some batches containing more palmitate than stearate.
Stearic acid 99.95% pure (90.0 g., 0.316 mole) was added to a solution of 38.0 g. (0.316 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 6.3 liter of water. The mixture was heated to 90�C. A solution of aluminum potassium sulfate (alum) in 6.3 liter of water was heated to 50�C and added over 20 minutes to the hazy solution. The temperature of the reaction mixture was maintained at 80��2� during the addition. Solid precipitated after about 60-70% of the alum solution was added. After the addition was complete, the heterogeneous mixture was cooled to 25� over 3 hours and 15 minutes and then to 5� over 1 hour and 45 minutes. The mixture was aged at 5� for thirty minutes and filtered. The product was slurry washed with 7 � 1 liter of water to remove sulfate. The last two washes gave a negative SO4 = test (barium chloride). The cake was air dried overnight and then dried in vacuo at 100� to constant weight. 107.2 Grams (99%) of aluminum monostearate (LOD 0.62%) was collected.
Anal. Calc. for C18 H37 O4 Al: C, 62.76; H, 10.83; Al, 7.83. Found: C, 63.13; H, 11.03; Al, 8.04.
______________________________________ Percent by VolumePeanut Oil 86 90 92 94Pure aluminum monostearate 4 4 4 4Pure isomannide monooleate 10 6 4 2______________________________________
Sterile isomannide monooleate is added to sterile peanut oil and thoroughly mixed. The bivalent oil-isomannide monooleate vehicle is added to pure sterile aluminum monostearate. The trivalent mixture is solubilized by elevating the temperature to about 120�C. with constant agitation to insure thorough dispersion of the pure aluminum monostearate in the bivalent oil vehicle. The mixture is permitted to cool to room temperature (20�-30�C.).
The peanut oil adjuvant obtained in Example 5 is used to prepare an influenza vaccine by emulsifying it with an equal volume of a phosphate buffered saline solution containing 2800 CCA units/ml. of bivalent infuenza virus (1600 CCA units/ml. A2 /Aichi/2/68 and 1200 CCA units/ml. of B/Mass./3/66).
______________________________________ Percent by volumeMineral Oil 90 94 96 98Pure Isomannide monooleate 10 6 4 2______________________________________
Sterile isomannide monooleate is added to sterile mineral oil and thoroughly mixed.
The mineral oil adjuvant from Example 7 is used to prepare an influenza vaccine by emulsifying it with an equal volume of a phosphate buffered saline solution containing 2800 CCA units/ml. of bivalent influenza virus (1600 CCA units/ml. A2 /Aichi/2/68 and 1200 CCA units/ml. of B/Mass./3/66).
Various adjuvant vaccines as described in Table III were tested for potency in guinea pigs by measuring the antibody titer one month post injection by standard hemaglutination inhibition tests. The results shown in Table III were obtained. It is to be noted that all the adjuvant vaccines were more potent than the aqueous vaccine in that they gave a positive hemaglutination inhibition assay result.
TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________Antigenic Enhancement in Guinea Pigs of AdjuvantEmulsions of Influenza Vaccine Formulated with Various ConcentrationsofPure Isomannide Monooleate or Commercial Mannide Monooleate__________________________________________________________________________ Final Concentration Emulsifier Geometric Mean HI Antibody Titer at Commercial Pure 0 and 1 month Post-Injection Mannide Isomannide B/Mass./3/66 Vaccine Monooleate Monooleate O 1__________________________________________________________________________Influenza Adjuvant 5% -- <1:10 1:97Influenza Adjuvant -- 5% <1:10 1:34Influenza Adjuvant -- 3% <1:10 1:49Influenza Adjuvant -- 1% <1:10 1:320Influenza Aqueous -- -- <1:10 <1:10Uninoculated Controls -- -- <1:10 <1:10__________________________________________________________________________ Vaccine contained influenza vaccine at 300 CCA units/0.5 ml.
In addition to a water-in-oil emulsion, the novel adjuvant compositions of the invention include bimultiple systems. For example, the novel adjuvant compositions of the present invention containing pure isomannide monooleate and pure aluminum monostearate may be emulsified in an aqueous medium without destruction of the water-in-oil emulsion, resulting in the formation of the bimultiple water-in-oil-in-water (W-O-W) emulsion. Accordingly, the above described emulsions of water-in-oil (W-O) may be coverted into W-O-W emulsions by the addition of an appropriate surfactant such as a 1% solution of Tween 80 to the W-O emulsion and applying appropriate force provided by devices such as turbine emulsifiers, reciprocator emulsifiers and sonication equipment, etc. In the preparation of the bimultiple system, it is preferred that additional aqueous phase be combined with the water-in-oil emulsion. The amount of aqueous phase to be included with the water-in-oil emulsion is not critical and may vary from about 10 to about 90 percent by volume based upon said water-in-oil emulsion. It may be noted that the aqueous phase may consist of any physiologically acceptable aqueous system including systems containing antigen material. The amount and type of surfactant is not critical and will vary according to the particular system involved. The resultant W-O-W emulsion contains most of the antigen in the internal or discontinuous aqueous phase. Adjuvant activity is still of the desirable W-O type but the emulsion, in addition, has a high degree of syringeability.
Procedures for the formation of bimultiple emulsions are well known in the art as illustrated by Seifriz, Jour. of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 29, page 738, (1925) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,399,263 which are incorporated herein by reference.
A representative example of bimultiple emulsion adjuvant compositions which comprise a continuous aqueous phase containing a dispersed oil phase, said dispersed oil phase consisting of a water-in-oil emulsion is as follows:
A composition consisting of the following ingredients was prepared:
______________________________________ Percent by volumeAdjuvant of Example 5 15%Tween 80 1%Phosphate buffered saline 84%______________________________________
The Tween 80 is dissolved in the phosphate buffered saline by stirring at room temperature with a magnetic stirring bar. The emulsion of Example 5 is added to the saline solution and the probe of an ultrasonic generator was inserted to a depth of 5 mm. in the mixture. The mixture is ultrasonically agitated for 5 seconds, repeating the agitation for a total of four times. A multiple water-in-oil-in-water emulsion is formed.
While the invention has been illustrated by certain specific examples which describe the preparation of representative adjuvant vehicles and representative compositions comprising an antigen incorporated in the aqueous phase of the adjuvant vehicle, it is to be understood that modifications and variations can be made in selecting the ingredients to be combined in the preparation of these compositions within the framework of the disclosure and of the appended claims.
Patent Citations
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Dr. Constance M. Carroll, chancellor of the San Diego Community College District ,has announced that Dr. Barbara Kavalier, Mesa College's Vice President of Student Services, will serve as Acting President of Mesa College effective June 26, until an Interim President has been selected.
She fills the void left by Dr. Rita M. Cepeda, who leaves Mesa to become the sixth permanent chancellor of the San José/Evergreen Community College District on July 15, 2010.
Dr. Kavalier has served as Vice President of Student Services at San Diego Mesa College since January 2008. From 2005 to 2008, she served as the Associate Vice President of Student Services at Tacoma Community College in Tacoma, Washington, where she was responsible for providing vision and strategic direction to student support and auxiliary services. Prior to that, she served for more than 15 years in various administrative positions within the Dallas County Community College District. Dr. Kavalier received her doctorate from The University of Texas at Austin; she is a published author and a presenter at regional and national conferences.
The search for a permanent president for Mesa College will begin this fall, with the goal of selecting a new leader who can take office on or shortly after the start of the next year, which begins on July 1, 2011.
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Patriots cornerback Kyle Arrington's life is about to change in a big way, as his wife is expecting the couple's first child in about two weeks.
That might not be the only significant change this offseason. Arrington is scheduled to become an unrestricted free agent, and thus, anything is possible.
"I love my teammates, I enjoy being here and definitely want things to work out; there's mutual interest on both sides as far as trying to get something done. [But] it's a business," Arrington said during an appearance on Sirius XM NFL Radio's "Late Hits" program on Friday with co-hosts Howard David and Keith Bulluck. "So you just have to let it play out and see where the chips fall."
Arrington finished the season as the Patriots' No. 3 cornerback, viewed as the team's best option in the slot. Prior to the midseason acquisition of Aqib Talib, the 5-foot-10, 195-pound Arrington was a starter, playing in the base defense on the outside and then moving into the slot in sub packages.
That could ultimately determine whether Arrington returns to New England; if another team views him as a starter and pays him accordingly, it could lead to his departure.
Two other soundbites from Arrington's Sirius interview:
What it means to do things a Patriots-type way: "I think it's just being the ultimate professional and team player. Take Tom [Brady] as the latest example, what he did with his contract, for the team. A lot of things play into it -- professionalism, things like that. It's not a hard thing to buy in to."
What he brings to a potential team as a free-agent signee based on his time with the Patriots: "Tough, smart, physical. Versatile -- outside and inside. Love playing in the kicking game -- that's one of the things where you get a lot of guys, especially older veterans, who [say] 'that's for the young guys.' But honestly, I love running down there, especially on kickoff, trying to hit somebody. ... We preach situational football and there are a lot of things I've learned under the Patriots and Bill [Belichick], in particular, that aren't harped on with any other team. We have veterans who have been in other programs that come in and say the same thing."
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Verona and Lake Garda Day Trip from Milan
- Day trip to Verona and Lake Garda from Milan
- Two-hour guided walking tour in Verona
- Admire Roman's Roman arena and Juliet's balcony
- Visit the pretty town of Sirmione on Lake Garda
- English-speaking tour leader
Recent Photos of This Tour
Juliet's HousePhoto by: Anonymous
05 2011
The Verona ArenaPhoto by: Anonymous
05 2011
Verona !Photo by: Devan T
11 2014
VeronaPhoto by: Luis Antonio J
10 2013
IMG_0821Photo by: Fay C
09 2012
IMG_0827Photo by: Fay C
09 2012
IMG_0811Photo by: Fay C
09 2012
IMG_0804Photo by: Fay C
09 2012
DSC00900Photo by: Rhiannon B
09 2011
DSC00972Photo by: Rhiannon B
09 2011
DSC00924Photo by: Rhiannon B
09 2011
DSC03044Photo by: RAFAELA F
05 2011
What You Can Expect
The beautiful lakeside towns around Lago di Garda have charmed foreign visitors for centuries. The area was a summer resort area for the ancient Romans, and in Sirmione and Desenzano you can visit the ruins and mosaics that record their presence.
The pretty town of Sirmione is on the southern shore of Lake Garda, perched on the end of a long promontory. Sirmione's beautiful setting was praised by the Roman poet Catullus. The town's narrow medieval streets bustle with color and life, and its most striking feature is the moated castle, Rocca Scaligera. Take a wander through a ruined Roman villa and admire archaeological finds - including a charming carving of rabbits in the small museum.
Customer Reviews
June 2015
Verona is nothing short than a SPECTACULAR city!! Lake Garda was very nice and charming. Great food in both places. Guide and Driver were outstanding!!!!
June 2015
Excellent tour, though some more free time in verona would have been nice


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35 year old man | San Antonio, TX, USA | Seeking women 26-36 within 50 miles
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I like to experience new things, always looking for new places to see. I like to travel and I'm looking for someone who likes to visit new places, but can also be a homebody. I like various types of music, from hip hop to Andrea Bocelli. I am educated but consider myself a life-learner in mostly everything. At the age of 33 I am no longer fancy on finding "the one", but right time right place and right person. The acerbic wit of a partner does turn me on, and I wish I could have someone to learn from each other, to share life and have interesting conversation with. I have a goal to see a new country every year and would like to find a traveling partner.
Book club , Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Political interests , Travel/Sightseeing , Wine tasting
Baseball, Dancing, Football, Golf, Running, Skiing, Swimming, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Birds, Cats, Dogs, Exotic Pets, Fish, Horses, Other
I like pets, but don't have any
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Rome, New York, Paris, Las Vegas, Kyoto
The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
I like to travel, I want ot see a new country every year, I like to read, movies, museums, Hiking, spending time with family and friends.
My last book was by Ernest Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises.
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|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Dark brown
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Salt and pepper, Silver, Dark blonde, Grey, Platinum
|No Way
|No Way, Occasionally
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker, Regularly, Moderately
|Financial / Accounting / Real Estate
|No preference
I'm a commercial banker, my job keeps me very busy, but it's also very rewarding
|I'll tell you later
|$35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Currently Separated, Divorced
|Have kids:
|I'll tell you later
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|Not sure, Probably not, No, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|Latino / Hispanic
|Asian, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Native American, Pacific Islander
|Christian / Other
|Spiritual but not religious, Other
|English, Spanish
|Bachelors degree
|Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral