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Most Cited European Journal of Paediatric Neurology Articles
The updated European Consensus 2009 on the use of Botulinum toxin for children with cerebral palsy
Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 45-66
Heinen, F. | Desloovere, K. | Schroeder, A.S. | Berweck, S. | Borggraefe, I. | van Campenhout, A. | Andersen, G.L. | Aydin, R. | Becher, J.G. | Bernert, G. | Caballero, I.M. | Carr, L. | Valayer, E.C. | Desiato, M.T. | Fairhurst, C. | Filipetti, P. | Hassink, R.-I. | Hustedt, U. | Jozwiak, M. | Kocer, S.I. | Kolanowski, E. | Krägeloh-Mann, I. | Şehim Kutlay | Mäenpää, H. | Mall, V. | McArthur, P. | Morel, E. | Papavassiliou, A. | Pascual-Pascual, I. | Pedersen, S.A. | Plasschaert, F.S. | Irene van der Ploeg | Remy-Neris, O. | Renders, A. | Di Rosa, G. | Steinlin, M. | Tedroff, K. | Valls, J.V. | Viehweger, E. | Molenaers, G.
An interdisciplinary European group of clinical experts in the field of movement disorders and experienced Botulinum toxin users has updated the consensus for the use of Botulinum toxin in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy (CP). A problem-orientated approach was used focussing on both published and practice-based evidence. In part I of the consensus the authors have tabulated the supporting evidence to produce a concise but comprehensive information base, pooling data and experience from 36 institutions in 9 European countries which involves more than 10,000 patients and over 45,000 treatment sessions during a period of more than 280 treatment years. In part II of the consensus the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) based Motor Development Curves have been expanded to provide a graphical framework on how to treat the motor disorders in children with CP. This graph is named "CPGraph Treatment Modalities - Gross Motor Function" and is intended to facilitate communication between parents, therapists and medical doctors concerning (1) achievable motor function, (2) realistic goal-setting and (3) treatment perspectives for children with CP. The updated European consensus 2009 summarises the current understanding regarding an integrated, multidisciplinary treatment approach using Botulinum toxin for the treatment of children with CP. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
The neurobiology of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Volume 13, Issue 4, July 2009, Pages 299-304
Curatolo, P. | Paloscia, C. | D'Agati, E. | Moavero, R. | Pasini, A.
ADHD is a brain based disorder with structural and functional abnormalities in widespread but specific areas of the brain. The most significant and consistent structural imaging findings include smaller total brain volumes, and reduced volumes in the right frontal lobe, right parietal cortex, caudate nucleus, cerebellar hemispheres, and posterior-inferior lobules of the cerebellar vermis. ADHD involves hypofunction of catecholaminergic circuits, particularly those that project to the prefrontal cortex. A minimum of 18 genes have been reported to be associated with the disorder; among them the DRD4 7-repeat allele has been found associated with a thinner prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex. Epigenetic factors acting during critical periods of prenatal and postnatal development may interact with genetic determinants. Methylphenidate, as well as the catecholaminergic nonstimulant atomoxetine, are effective in improving ADHD symptoms. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Early control of seizures improves long-term outcome in children with tuberous sclerosis complex
Volume 14, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 146-149
Bombardieri, R. | Pinci, M. | Moavero, R. | Cerminara, C. | Curatolo, P.
Epilepsy associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by early onset and intractable seizures in the majority of children. There is a solid evidence of clinical efficacy of vigabatrin in interrupting infantile spasms associated with TSC. Due to an early diagnosis we were able to start vigabatrin at the very early onset of seizures in 10 children, who subsequently underwent a long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up. At the final evaluation, a seizure free status was achieved in 50% of patients; 30% of individuals had a normal or borderline mental development, with no patients developing severe mental retardation and/or autism. Early control of seizures has a crucial role in preventing subsequent epileptic encephalopathy, and in reducing the cognitive/behavioural consequences of seizures, but does not guarantee for a normal mental outcome in children with TSC. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Natalizumab treatment in pediatric multiple sclerosis: A case report
Volume 13, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 67-71
Borriello, G. | Prosperini, L. | Luchetti, A. | Pozzilli, C.
Pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) with manifestations before 16 years of age occurs in 0.4-10.5% of whole MS population. The initial course of the disease is relapsing-remitting with a relapse rate generally higher than that of adults, less than 3% have a primary progressive form. Some recent reports have shown that Interferon β (IFNβ) has a strong effect in reducing the relapse rate in children with MS and is well tolerated. We report a 12-year-old girl with MS and a high relapse rate from the onset. Frequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected persisting inflammatory activity and increase of lesion burden. She continued to present acute relapses and progression of disability in spite of a treatment with IFNβ-1a at different dosages and the addition of pulse IV steroid treatment. Then, we opted for Natalizumab treatment, recently approved as a monotherapy for patients with MS who experienced inadequate response to other disease modifying therapies and never used till now in pediatric MS. Our patient showed a complete response to Natalizumab with clinical and MRI suppression of disease activity. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
A review of developmental outcomes of term infants with post-asphyxia neonatal encephalopathy
Volume 13, Issue 3, May 2009, Pages 224-234
Pin, T.W. | Eldridge, B. | Galea, M.P.
Background/aims: Post-asphyxia neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is one of the main causes of disabilities in term-born infants. This review attempted to investigate the developmental outcomes of term-born infants with post-asphyxia NE. Method: An electronic search on various databases identified 13 empirical studies against the selection criteria modified from the consensus statement from the International Cerebral Palsy Task Force. Results: The overall quality of methodology of these studies was average. The random effect meta-estimate of the proportion of infants having adverse developmental outcomes such as death, cognitive impairment, sensory-motor impairments was 47% (95% CI 36-57%). Significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 87.7%, p < 0.00001) between studies indicated variations in number of subjects in studies and their characteristics. For those studies using the Sarnat grading of NE, the proportion of infants with adverse outcomes was nil in stage 1 (mild) NE, 32% in stage 2 (moderate) and almost 100% in stage 3 (severe) NE. Conclusions: At present, researchers are using very loose diagnostic criteria of perinatal asphyxia and post-asphyxia NE, making the study samples heterogeneous. Clinicians and researchers are urged to make use of the recent consensus statement regarding diagnostic criteria for intrapartum asphyxia and to identify these high-risk infants for early intervention. Crown Copyright © 2008.
Frequency of participation of 8-12-year-old children with cerebral palsy: A multi-centre cross-sectional European study
Volume 13, Issue 2, March 2009, Pages 165-177
Michelsen, S.I. | Flachs, E.M. | Uldall, P. | Eriksen, E.L. | McManus, V. | Parkes, J. | Parkinson, K.N. | Thyen, U. | Arnaud, C. | Beckung, E. | Dickinson, H.O. | Fauconnier, J. | Marcelli, M. | Colver, A.
Participation in home, school and community is important for all children; and little is known about the frequency of participation of disabled children. Frequency of participation is a valuable outcome measure for evaluating habilitation programmes for disabled children and for planning social and health services. We investigated how frequency of participation varied between children with cerebral palsy and the general population; and examined variation across countries to understand better how the environmental factors such as legislation, public attitudes and regulation in different countries might influence participation. We undertook a multi-centre, population-based study in children with and without cerebral palsy. Working from the Life-H instrument, we developed a questionnaire to capture frequency of participation in 8-12-year-old children. In nine regions of seven European countries, parents of 813 children with cerebral palsy and 2939 children from the general populations completed the questionnaire. Frequency of participation for each question was dichotomised about the median; multivariable logistic regressions were carried out. In the general population, frequency of participation varied between countries. Children with cerebral palsy participated less frequently in many but not all areas of everyday life, compared with children from the general population. There was regional variation in the domains with reduced participation and in the magnitude of the differences. We discuss how this regional variation might be explained by the different environments in which children live. Attending a special school or class was not associated with further reduction in participation in most areas of everyday life. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Effects of methylphenidate on working memory functioning in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Volume 13, Issue 6, November 2009, Pages 516-523
Kobel, M. | Bechtel, N. | Weber, P. | Specht, K. | Klarhöfer, M. | Scheffler, K. | Opwis, K. | Penner, I.-K.
Background and aims: Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often show deficits in working memory performance. Methylphenidate (MPH) is an effective medication to improve these cognitive difficulties. This study aimed to clarify which effect MPH induces on the underlying functional networks of working memory. Methods: Fourteen boys diagnosed with ADHD and 12 healthy controls were investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Each patient was tested twice, once with medication and once without. The fMRI experiments consisted of three verbal N-back tasks with increasing difficulty. Functional images were acquired on a 3 Tesla head scanner. Results: On the behavioral level, medicated patients performed similar to healthy controls and significantly better than without medication. On the functional level, patients showed the expected frontal and parietal activations, which were more pronounced in the 2- and 3-back tasks. Healthy controls showed significantly more activation in these regions and additional activation in the cerebellum. Interestingly, patients showed an additional effect of laterality. Left-sided frontal and parietal activation in patients was significantly less pronounced than in controls. Conclusion: Functional data indicate different activation patterns in verbal working memory tasks between healthy controls and patients with ADHD irrespective of medication condition. Intake of MPH led to a clear improvement on a behavioral level. However, this effect was not reflected by changes in functional brain organization. MPH-induced changes leading to better performance in verbal working memory tasks might be very subtle and therefore not detectable by fMRI. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Efficacy of intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with intractable spastic cerebral palsy: A randomised controlled trial
Volume 13, Issue 3, May 2009, Pages 240-246
Hoving, M.A. | van Raak, E.P.M. | Spincemaille, G.H.J.J. | Palmans, L.J. | Becher, J.G. | Vles, J.S.H.
Background: Intractable spasticity can be treated effectively with continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen. Because evidence for its use in the treatment of children with spastic cerebral palsy is lacking, we conducted a randomised controlled trial. Aims: To test whether continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen is effective in comparison with standard treatment only. Methods: Seventeen children, aged 13.2 (SD 2.8) years, with intractable spastic cerebral palsy were randomised to receive a Synchromed pump for continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen after either 1 month (CITB group) or 6 months (Control group). Primary outcomes were the 6-month-change scores on the 0-10 visual analogue scale for individually formulated problems and the caregiver assistance scale of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory self-care domain. One of the secondary outcome measures was health related quality of life as measured with the Child Health Questionnaire-PF50. Results: Nine children were randomly assigned to the CITB group and eight to the Control group. The visual analogue scale for individual problems improved with 4.0 (SD 1.7) in the CITB group and changed with -0.2 (SD 1.3) in the Control group (p = 0.001). Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory scores did not change significantly. The Child Health Questionnaire-PF50 6-month-change score significantly differed in favour of the CITB group for the domains of bodily pain/discomfort (p = 0.014), mental health (p = 0.045), psychosocial status (p = 0.027) and parents' personal time limitation (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The results of this randomised controlled trial establish continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen to be effective in carefully selected children with problems caused by intractable spastic cerebral palsy. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Deep brain stimulation as a mode of treatment of early onset pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
Volume 13, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 61-64
Mikati, M.A. | Yehya, A. | Darwish, H. | Karam, P. | Comair, Y.
We report a case of a young girl with early onset pantothenate kinase-kssociated neurodegeneration (PKAN) whose initial clinical manifestation was ataxia at the age of 2.5 years. Subsequently the patient presented to us with refractory severe dystonia resulting in essentially complete loss of motor control. She had a mutation in PANK2 gene consisting of an aminoacid change of Alanine to Valine in exon 5 (A382V). After Globus Pallidus deep brain stimulation (DBS) at the age of 11 years, the patient regained useful motor function and speech with a marked decrease in the severity of the dystonia. The patient's condition gradually returned to her pre-DBS status when the device had to be removed 3 months later due to infection. Our case is the sixth case with classical PKAN that was treated by Globus Pallidus stimulation, the fifth one to have a favorable response to it and the only one in whom response was proven by the inadvertent removal of the DBS device due to infection. In addition, our case had a novel mutation and novel clinical features (onset with ataxia, occurrence of early seizure activity) on top of her other symptoms that were otherwise typical of early onset disease. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Management of motor problems in cerebral palsy: A critical update for the clinician
Volume 13, Issue 5, September 2009, Pages 387-396
Papavasiliou, A.S.
Currently there is no specific treatment for the brain insults leading to motor dysfunction in cerebral palsy. The available symptomatic therapeutic options place cerebral palsy among the costliest chronic childhood conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to make well-informed decisions in an effort to match cost-effectiveness with patient and family needs. This presentation aims to analyze the efficacy of rehabilitation therapy, orthoses, oral medications, botulinum toxin, intrathecal baclofen, complementary or alternative treatments and discuss guidelines for a goal oriented approach. Despite insufficient reporting of trials, physiotherapy has shifted from traditional to goal oriented approaches, based on principles of motor learning, strength and fitness training. Correct choice and use of orthoses is stressed, yet evidence from primary studies is limited. Pharmacological treatments of spasticity (oral agents, botulinum toxin, intrathecal baclofen) may be alternatives or supplements to orthopaedic surgery. There is evidence that botulinum toxin combined with conservative treatments reduces the number of complex orthopaedic interventions. Intrathecal baclofen effectively reduces spasticity; criteria describing the ideal candidate are needed. Complementary or alternative treatment use is widespread; research needs to determine what factors make these modalities desirable and effective in cerebral palsy. It is concluded that the introduction of new therapies facilitates an individualized management plan. Multimodal treatment is optimized with a multidisciplinary team. Outcome measurement according to the World Health Organization's new International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health is emphasized. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Clinical presentation and metabolic consequences in 40 breastfed infants with nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency - What have we learned?
Volume 14, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 488-495
Honzik, T. | Adamovicova, M. | Smolka, V. | Magner, M. | Hruba, E. | Zeman, J.
Background: Maternal vitamin B12 (Cbl) deficiency causes nutritional Cbl deficiency in breastfed infants. Aims: To analyse clinical presentation and metabolic consequences in 40 breastfed infants with Cbl deficiency. Methods: Cbl levels in serum and breast milk were determined by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, methylmalonic acid level by GC/MS, plasma homocysteine by HPLC and propionylcarnitine by MS/MS. Profound Cbl deficiency was found in 17 children (69 ± 17 ng/l, controls 200-900), and milder Cbl deficiency in 23 children (167 ± 40 ng/l). Maternal Cbl deficiency was mostly caused by insufficient Cbl absorption. Only six mothers were vegetarian. Results: The average age at diagnosis was 4.4 ± 2.5 months. Clinical symptoms included failure to thrive (48% of children), hypotonia (40%), developmental delay (38%) and microcephaly (23%). 63% of children had anaemia (megaloblastic in 28% of all children). All but one patient had methylmalonic aciduria, 80% of patients had hyperhomocysteinemia and 87% had increased aminotransferases. Propionylcarnitine was elevated in two out of 25 infants. Comparing groups with severe and mild Cbl deficiency, a marked difference was found in severity of clinical and laboratory changes. Conclusion: Maternal Cbl status and diagnostic delay are the major factors influencing severity and progression of Cbl deficiency in breastfed infants. In our cohort, propionylcarnitine was not sufficiently sensitive marker of Cbl deficiency. Although symptoms are reversible on Cbl substitution, permanent neurological damage can result. Selective screening for Cbl deficiency is indicated in all breastfed infants with failure to thrive, hypotonia, developmental delay, microcephaly or megaloblastic anaemia. The best prevention in future could be the screening of all pregnant women. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Long-term sleep disturbances in children: A cause of neuronal loss
Volume 14, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 380-390
Jan, J.E. | Reiter, R.J. | Bax, M.C.O. | Ribary, U. | Freeman, R.D. | Wasdell, M.B.
Short-term sleep loss is known to cause temporary difficulties in cognition, behaviour and health but the effects of persistent sleep deprivation on brain development have received little or no attention. Yet, severe sleep disorders that last for years are common in children especially when they have neurodevelopmental disabilities. There is increasing evidence that chronic sleep loss can lead to neuronal and cognitive loss in children although this is generally unrecognized by the medical profession and the public. Without the restorative functions of sleep due to total sleep deprivation, death is inevitable within a few weeks. Chronic sleep disturbances at any age deprive children of healthy environmental exposure which is a prerequisite for cognitive growth more so during critical developmental periods. Sleep loss adversely effects pineal melatonin production which causes disturbance of circadian physiology of cells, organs, neurochemicals, neuroprotective and other metabolic functions. Through various mechanisms sleep loss causes widespread deterioration of neuronal functions, memory and learning, gene expression, neurogenesis and numerous other changes which cause decline in cognition, behaviour and health. When these changes are long-standing, excessive cellular stress develops which may result in widespread neuronal loss. In this review, for the first time, recent research advances obtained from various fields of sleep medicine are integrated in order to show that untreated chronic sleep disorders may lead to impaired brain development, neuronal damage and permanent loss of developmental potentials. Further research is urgently needed because these findings have major implications for the treatment of sleep disorders. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antiepileptic treatment before the onset of seizures reduces epilepsy severity and risk of mental retardation in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex
Volume 15, Issue 5, September 2011, Pages 424-431
Jóźwiak, S. | Kotulska, K. | Domańska-Pakieła, D. | Łojszczyk, B. | Syczewska, M. | Chmielewski, D. | Dunin-Wsowicz, D. | Kmieć, T. | Szymkiewicz-Dangel, J. | Kornacka, M. | Kawalec, W. | Kuczyński, D. | Borkowska, J. | Tomaszek, K. | Jurkiewicz, E. | Respondek-Liberska, M.
Background: Epilepsy appears in 70-80% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex, most commonly in the first year of age. Early manifestation of epilepsy is associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and mental retardation in more than 80% of patients. Clinical epileptic seizures are preceded by deterioration of EEG recording thus infants with high risk of epilepsy can be identified. Aims: We hypothesized that preventative antiepileptic treatment of infants with multifocal activity on EEG might lower the incidence of drug-resistant epilepsy and mental retardation. Methods: Forty-five infants with early diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex were included in the open-label study. They were divided in two groups: standard (n = 31) and preventative one (n = 14). In standard group the antiepileptic treatment was launched early, but after the onset of seizures. In preventative group medication was commenced when active epileptic discharges were seen on EEG, but before the onset of clinical seizures. Children were followed till the end of 2 years of age. Results: At 24 months of age mental retardation was significantly more frequent and severe in "standard" vs "preventative" group (48% vs 14%; p = 0.031; mean IQ score 68.7 vs 92.3; p < 0.05). The "preventative" group was characterized by higher ratio of seizure-free patients (93% vs 35%; p = 0.004), lower incidence of drug-resistant epilepsy (7% vs 42%; p = 0.021) and lower number of patients requiring polytherapy (21% vs 55%; 0.039) than the "standard group. Conclusions: Preventative antiepileptic treatment of infants with tuberous sclerosis complex and high risk of epilepsy markedly improves their neurodevelopmental outcome and reduces the incidence of drug-resistant seizures. © 2011 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Long-term survivors of childhood central nervous system malignancies: The experience of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Volume 14, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 298-303
Armstrong, G.T.
In the last four decades, advances in neurosurgical technique, delivery of radiation therapy (RT), supportive care, and use of chemotherapy have improved 5-year survival for children with central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Currently, in the United States 74% of children will become 5-year survivors of their primary CNS malignancy. This improved outcome has resulted in a new and growing population of childhood cancer survivors. Surgery, RT and chemotherapy, while essential components of primary treatment for most childhood CNS malignancies, have also been associated with risk of long-term morbidity and late mortality. The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a retrospective cohort of over 14,000 survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1970 and 1986, has been an important resource for quantification of associations between these therapeutic modalities and risk of long-term adverse health and quality of life outcomes. CNS malignancy survivors are at significant risk for late mortality, development of second neoplasms, as well as increased risk for multiple endocrinopathies and adverse neurologic health conditions. Importantly, the CCSS has identified a number of dose-response relationships between RT and development of subsequent malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system, abnormal timing of menarche and neurocognitive function. Ongoing study of childhood cancer survivors is needed to establish long-term risks and evaluate impact of newer techniques such as conformal RT or proton beam delivery that limit RT exposure and may reduce long-term effects. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
A dominantly inherited mutation in collagen IV A1 (COL4A1) causing childhood onset stroke without porencephaly
Volume 14, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 182-187
Shah, S. | Kumar, Y. | McLean, B. | Churchill, A. | Stoodley, N. | Rankin, J. | Rizzu, P. | van der Knaap, M. | Jardine, P.
We describe a three generation family with recurrent strokes and cataracts. The index case, a 14 year old boy presented with stroke at the age of 14 years and again 6 months later. His mother had long standing episodic headaches diagnosed as migraine. Grandmother was initially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and had recurrent strokes at age 18 years and 49 years. MRI scanning showed a diffuse leukoencephalopathy with microhaemorrhages in all three individuals. All of the family members had cataracts but did not have retinal arterial changes. Sequence analysis of COL4A1 revealed the heterozygous missense mutation c.2263G→A in exon 30, responsible for a glycine-to-arginine substitution (p.Gly755Arg) in both the index case and mother. Grandmother died at the age of 73 years and DNA analysis was not possible. Mutation in COL4A1 should be considered in families with a history of autosomal dominant cerebral vasculopathy, even in the absence of porencephaly. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Neurodevelopmental outcome at 12 and 18 months in late preterm infants
Volume 14, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 503-507
Romeo, D.M. | Di Stefano, A. | Conversano, M. | Ricci, D. | Mazzone, D. | Romeo, M.G. | Mercuri, E.
Background: Late-preterms represent the 70% of the whole preterm population and are reported to be at higher risk for mortality and morbidity than term infants. Aims: To assess neurodevelopmental outcome in low-risk late-preterm infants at 12 and 18 months corrected age, to compare results of corrected and uncorrected age to those of term-born infants, to analyse the possible influence of gender on outcome. Methods: Sixty-one healthy infants born between 33 and 36 weeks gestational age without major brain lesions were assessed at 12 and 18 months corrected age using the Bayley II scale. A control group of 60 low-risk term born infants underwent the same assessment. Results: At 12 and 18 months corrected age late preterms showed a mean mental developmental index (MDI) similar to term infants. Comparing the results of the uncorrected age with term infants, the scores were significantly lower at both 12 and 18 months. No gender differences were observed in term-born infants, while male late-preterm infants showed lower MDI than peer females at both ages. Conclusions: When correcting age for prematurity late-preterms have similar MDI scores to those obtained in term-born infants at 12 and 18 months. In contrast, when using chronological age there is a number of infants with low MDI. As cognitive abnormalities are reported at school age in late preterm infants, our findings raise the question on whether the results obtained using scores uncorrected for age may early identify the infants who will show cognitive difficulties at school age. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
New trends in neuronal migration disorders
Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1-12
Verrotti, A. | Spalice, A. | Ursitti, F. | Papetti, L. | Mariani, R. | Castronovo, A. | Mastrangelo, M. | Iannetti, P.
Neuronal migration disorders are an heterogeneous group of disorders of nervous system development and they are considered to be one of the most significant causes of neurological and developmental disabilities and epileptic seizures in childhood. In the last ten years, molecular biologic and genetic investigations have widely increased our knowledge about the regulation of neuronal migration during development. One of the most frequent disorders is lissencephaly. It is characterized by a paucity of normal gyri and sulci resulting in a "smooth brain". There are two pathologic subtypes: classical and cobblestone. Classical lissencephaly is caused by an arrest of neuronal migration whereas cobblestone lissencephaly caused by overmigration. Heterotopia is another important neuronal migration disorder. It is characterized by a cluster of disorganized neurons in abnormal locations and it is divided into three main groups: periventricular nodular heterotopia, subcortical heterotopia and marginal glioneural heterotopia. Polymicrogyria develops at the final stages of neuronal migration, in the earliest phases of cortical organization; bilateral frontoparietal form is characterized by bilateral, symmetric polymicrogyria in the frontoparietal regions. Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria causes a clinical syndrome which manifests itself in the form of mild mental retardation, epilepsy and pseudobulbar palsy. Schizencephaly is another important neuronal migration disorder whose clinical characteristics are extremely variable. This review reports the main clinical and pathophysiological aspects of these disorders paying particular attention to the recent advances in molecular genetics. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Favourable prognostic factors with infantile spasms
Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 13-18
Riikonen, R.S.
The following aspects are reviewed: Does the aetiology influence the outcome of infantile spasms? Does the treatment influence the outcome? Can the outcome be predicted? Can we improve the prognosis? Favourable factors are the following: cryptogenic aetiology, age at onset ≥4 months, absence of atypical spasms and partial seizures, and absence of asymmetrical EEG abnormalities, short treatment lag, and an early and sustained response to treatment. Not only patients with a cryptogenic aetiology have a favourable outcome. We can already at the first clinical evaluation tell the parents if the prognosis looks favourable. The final goal of the treatment is improved mental outcome. Steroids and vigabatrin are the first-line drugs for infantile spasms in Europe. In a prospective study from the United Kingdom short-term outcome was better with hormonal than with vigabatrin therapy (tuberous sclerosis excluded). However, the numbers of patients who were seizure-free at 3-4 months in different studies have been very similar. Moreover, an early response to treatment seems to be of predictive value for the cognitive outcome in children with cryptogenic spasms. The long-term outcome is known only after hormonal therapy. The side effects of steroids are usually treatable and reversible. In Finland ACTH therapy is given at the minimum effective dose and for the minimum effective time with minimal side effects. The risks of VGB are irreversible visual field defects. As of yet there is no method to examine the visual fields in patients with infantile spasms. Early treatment of infantile spasms seems to be important. Prevention of infantile spasms with some aetiological groups might be possible. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Treatment of Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS)
Volume 13, Issue 6, November 2009, Pages 493-504
Ferrie, C.D. | Patel, A.
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is a severe form of epilepsy that usually starts in early to mid childhood and is characterized by multiple seizure types, abnormal electroencephalogram with slow spike-and-wave discharges and cognitive problems. Numerous approaches are currently used to treat LGS, including use of conventional antiepileptic drugs (most commonly sodium valproate, lamotrigine and topiramate), other drug interventions (corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin) and nonpharmacologic treatments (ketogenic diet, corpus callosotomy and vagus nerve stimulation). Rufinamide is the most recent antiepileptic drug to have shown efficacy in the treatment of LGS. Despite the variety of therapeutic options, there have been only five double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of antiepileptic drugs in LGS and none of these were head-to-head comparison trials. The evidence supporting the use of available treatments for LGS is, therefore, not robust. Here, we review the evidence supporting the use of specific therapies in LGS and provide recommendations on how to set appropriate treatment goals, select treatments and minimize polypharmacy. A suggested treatment algorithm is presented and discussed. Sodium valproate is recommended for first-line therapy; if seizures persist, alternative interventions should be trialed on an individually tailored basis. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Risk factors for cognitive decline in children treated for brain tumors
Volume 14, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 106-115
Duffner, P.K.
The long term effects of central nervous system therapy for children with brain tumors have been the subject of research since the 1970s. Many studies have demonstrated that children treated for brain tumors with surgery and standard radiation therapy have developed intellectual decline which is progressive over at least a decade. Risk factors for this cognitive deterioration have been identified and include perioperative complications, possibly hydrocephalus, high radiation dose, large volume radiation, chemotherapy (especially methotrexate), radiation vasculopathy and young age at the time of treatment. In an effort to reduce long-term neurotoxicity, efforts have been made to develop treatment regimens that reduce the impact of these risk factors. Some of these include reduced neuraxis radiation with and without adjuvant chemotherapy, conformal radiation, chemotherapy only protocols for children with optic pathway-hypothalamic tumors and a series of baby brain tumor studies in which chemotherapy (standard and high dose) has allowed radiation to be delayed, reduced or omitted. Whether these changes in therapy will ultimately improve the quality of life of the long-term survivors is uncertain. Close follow-up of these children will be required throughout their lives. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
The predictive validity of general movements - A systematic review
Volume 13, Issue 5, September 2009, Pages 408-420
Burger, M. | Louw, Q.A.
Background: The assessment of general movements (GMs), introduced by Professor Heinz Prechtl and his co-workers in the early 1990s, may offer the opportunity to identify infants with neurological deficits at a very early age. Aim: The aim of this review was to systematically assess available data in order to determine the evidence of general movements in early infancy to predict the neurodevelopmental outcome in 12- and 24-month-old infants. Method: A systematic literature search was performed using the following computerised databases: Medline, CINAHL, Pedro, The Cochrane Library, Science Direct, ProQuest: Science Journals, Medical Library & Social Science Journals, Journals @ OVID and PsycINFO. The following key terms were used: general movements, spontaneous motor activity, nervous system diseases [MeSH] and developmental disabilities [MeSH]. A comprehensive author search was also conducted. The methodological quality of eligible studies was critically appraised by two reviewers using the Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies of the McMaster University Occupational Therapy Evidence-Based Practice Research Group. Results: Seventeen studies were eligible for this review. The average score of the studies was 8.82 (73.5%) from a total of 12 (SD 0.73). Fifteen of the 17 studies found a high relationship (sensitivity ≥ 92%; specificity ≥ 82%; p < 0.01) between the quality of general movements at 8-20 weeks postterm (fidgety movements' period) and the infants' neurodevelopmental outcome. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review indicate that the qualitative assessment of general movements, especially during the fidgety movements' period, can be used as a prognostic tool to identify infants with neurodevelopmental disabilities. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Levetiracetam: Safety and efficacy in neonatal seizures
Volume 15, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 1-7
Ramantani, G. | Ikonomidou, C. | Walter, B. | Rating, D. | Dinger, J.
Purpose: Neonatal seizures are common, especially in prematurity. Phenobarbital (PB) currently represents the antiepileptic drug (AED) of choice, despite being related to increased neuronal apoptosis in animal models and cognitive impairment in human subjects. Levetiracetam (LEV) may have a more favorable profile since it does not cause neuronal apoptosis in infant rodents. Methods: In a prospective feasibility study, LEV was applied as first-line treatment in 38 newborns with EEG-confirmed seizures, after ruling out hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia and pyridoxin dependency. Initial intravenous doses of 10 mg/kg LEV were gradually increased to 30 mg/kg over 3 days with a further titration to 45-60 mg/kg at the end of the week. Acute intervention with up to 2 intravenous doses of PB 20 mg/kg was tolerated during LEV titration. LEV was switched to oral as soon as the infants' condition allowed. Based on clinical observation, EEG tracings (aEEG/routine EEGs), and lab data, drug safety and anticonvulsant efficacy were assessed over 12 months. Results: In 19 newborns a single PB dose of 20 mg/kg was administered, while 3 newborns received 2 PB doses. 30 infants were seizure free under LEV at the end of the first week and 27 remained seizure free at four weeks, while EEGs markedly improved in 24 patients at 4 weeks. In 19 cases, LEV was discontinued after 2-4 weeks, while 7 infants received LEV up to 3 months. No severe adverse effects were observed. Conclusions: These results illustrate the safety of LEV treatment in neonatal seizures, including prematurity and suggest LEV anticonvulsant efficacy. Additional PB treatment admittedly constitutes a methodological shortcoming due to the prolonged anticonvulsive efficacy of PB. Double blind prospective controlled studies and long-term evaluation of cognitive outcome are called for. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Epilepsy caused by CDKL5 mutations
Volume 15, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 65-69
Castrén, M. | Gaily, E. | Tengström, C. | Lähdetie, J. | Archer, H. | Ala-Mello, S.
Mutations in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5) have been identified in female patients with early onset epileptic encephalopathy and severe mental retardation with a Rett-like phenotype. Subsequently CDKL5 mutations were shown to be associated with more diverse phenotypes including mild epilepsy and autism without epilepsy. Furthermore, CDKL5 mutations were found in patients with Angelman-like phenotype. The severity of epilepsy associated with CDKL5 mutations was recently shown to correlate with the type of CDKL5 mutations and epilepsy was identified to involve three distinct sequential stages. Here, we describe the phenotype of a severe form of neurodevelopmental disease in a female patient with a de novo nonsense mutation of the CDKL5 gene c.175C > T (p.R59X) affecting the catalytic domain of CDKL5 protein. Mutations in the CDKL5 gene are less common in males and can be associated with a genomic deletion as found in our male patient with a deletion of 0.3 Mb at Xp22.13 including the CDKL5 gene. We review phenotypes associated with CDKL5 mutations and examine putative relationships between the clinical epilepsy phenotype and the type of the mutation in the CDKL5 gene. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Treatment of mitochondrial disorders
Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 29-44
Finsterer, J.
Treatment of mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) is a challenge since there is only symptomatic therapy available and since only few randomized and controlled studies have been carried out, which demonstrate an effect of some of the symptomatic or supportive measures available. Symptomatic treatment of MIDs is based on mainstay drugs, blood transfusions, hemodialysis, invasive measures, surgery, dietary measures, and physiotherapy. Drug treatment may be classified as specific (treatment of epilepsy, headache, dementia, dystonia, extrapyramidal symptoms, Parkinson syndrome, stroke-like episodes, or non-neurological manifestations), non-specific (antioxidants, electron donors/acceptors, alternative energy sources, cofactors), or restrictive (avoidance of drugs known to be toxic for mitochondrial functions). Drugs which more frequently than in the general population cause side effects in MID patients include steroids, propofol, statins, fibrates, neuroleptics, and anti-retroviral agents. Invasive measures include implantation of a pacemaker, biventricular pacemaker, or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, or stent therapy. Dietary measures can be offered for diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or epilepsy (ketogenic diet, anaplerotic diet). Treatment should be individualized because of the peculiarities of mitochondrial genetics. Despite limited possibilities, symptomatic treatment should be offered to MID patients, since it can have a significant impact on the course and outcome. © 2009 European Paediatric Neurology Society.
Safety and one-year efficacy of intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with intractable spastic cerebral palsy
Volume 13, Issue 3, May 2009, Pages 247-256
Hoving, M.A. | van Raak, E.P.M. | Spincemaille, G.H.J.J. | van Kranen-Mastenbroek, V.H.J.M. | van Kleef, M. | Gorter, J.W. | Vles, J.S.H.
Background: Prospective studies that address both efficacy and safety of continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen (CITB) in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP), and that use outcome measures beyond muscle tone are lacking. Aims: To study the efficacy at 12 months and safety up to 24 months after start of CITB in children with intractable spastic CP. Methods: Nine girls and eight boys, aged 13.7 years (SD 2.9), received a SynchroMed pump for CITB. We prospectively recorded effects and adverse events at regular follow-up visits up to 24 months. Outcome measures included the 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS) for individual problems, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and health related quality of life as measured with the Child Health Questionnaire-PF50. Results: CITB for 12 months significantly improved the VAS for individual problems with 4.7 (SD 2.0; p = 0.000), VAS for ease of care with 5.2 (SD 2.1; p = 0.000), VAS for pain with 5.4 (SD 2.7; p = 0.002); GMFM sitting dimension with 3.3 (range -4.0 to 22.0; p = 0.022), GMFM goal dimension with 4.0 (range 0.0-26.0; p = 0.007); and Child Health Questionnaire-PF50 domains of bodily pain/discomfort with 25.6 (SD 35.9; p = 0.016) and mental health with 9.8 (SD 11.3; p = 0.007). During a mean follow-up of 18.4 months (range 12-24), we recorded 80 adverse events. Eight adverse events were serious, but not life-threatening. Conclusions: CITB was effective at 12 months and safe up to 24 months for carefully selected children with intractable spastic CP. CITB relieved pain, facilitated ease of care and improved mental health. The majority of children could extend their activities and participation. © 2008 European Paediatric Neurology Society.


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*If there's inclement weather, please check our homepage, calendar or Facebook page for updates on delayed openings or early closures. We also post weather related business hour changes with all local TV news channels.
WOW! Children's Museum follows the Boulder Valley School District calendar. WOW! is open on Mondays for Boulder Valley School Holidays (Thanksgiving Break, Winter Break, MLK Jr. Day, President's Day, Spring Break).
WOW! is closed on the following holidays: Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year's Day, Easter, Mother's Day, Memorial Day, Father's Day, July 4th, and Labor Day.
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I had the perfect job for a gamer. From February to October, I'd get up at 7 in the morning with nothing to do but play games until I had to be at the park around 1 or 2 o'clock. When I got back after the game, I played until 3 or 4 in the morning.
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1966 Oldsmobile Cutlass Convertible: 330ci V8 Engine w/4bbl, Automatic (Turbo 350 / 3 speed), Power Steering, Power brakes, Power top, SS Type 1 wheels. ... More
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Alberto Menache
Alberto Menache founded Three Space Imagery, Inc. (TSi), a computer graphics and video game developer, in Los Angeles, where he and his team developed proprietary software for motion capture usage in animation. After selling his software to Motion Analysis Corporation, Menache moved on to Pacific Data Images, a computer graphics industry leader, where he is the lead character technical director at the commercial and film effects division. His latest production credits include the film Forces of Nature, commercials for SEGA, Circle K and Pillsbury, the award-winning music video for TLC's "Waterfalls", and dozens of video games, including Dark Ridge, Messiah and Soul Blade.
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Understanding Motion Capture for Computer Animation, 2nd EditionAuthor: Alberto Menache
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There are plenty of features that make Linux special, but one of them that makes it so secure is its permissions system. You can have fine-grain control over all the files in your system and assign permissions to users, groups, and everyone else. The terminal utility "chmod" helps you control all the permissions on your system, so it's vital to know how chmod works in order to get the most use out of this feature, especially if you're planning on building your own Linux server.
Yes, Android devices do get slower with time – you're not imagining things. Here's why, and what you can do about it.
Computers know thousands of different file formats. Sometimes, both you and Windows are clueless as to how to open a strange file. Here is how you can figure out how to open those files.
If you've just purchased a new external hard drive for your Mac, it's important to take the time to prepare your hard drive for use with Mac OS X.


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Early life nutrition
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Chocolate brownies are the ultimate indulgence - and with nothing to distract from the rich chocolatey goodness of this brownie, this is one chocolate brownie recipe you'll want to indulge in.
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Basic recipes, Budget, Cake stall, Cakes & Baking, Chocolate, Easy recipes, Kids cooking, Lunch box, Party food
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Preheat oven to 180°C and line a 20cm x 31cm baking tray with foil, and then spray it with cooking spray and place to one side.
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The Space Dandy Interview: Part II - Bahi JD
In our second Space Dandy interview, Mike talks to Bahi JD, an animator who started with animated GIFs and wound up working on Kids on the Slope!
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Posts: 1175
Location: Atlanta, GA
|Nice to see Avatar getting some well-deserved props. Legend of Korra has been gorgeous so far, I'd say the animation quality is on par with some of the better action anime out there.
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Posts: 1709
Is this Kiriska's last post since May starts next week? Wanted to say thank you very much for filling in and all of your comics have been great!
On topic, I know that feeling, once you actually recognize characters from a series it seems like you see them EVERYWHERE (or maybe that's just Homestuck these days).
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Sailor S
Collector Extraordinaire
Posts: 2731
I'm told there were a, in scientific terms, metric shit ton of Homestuck cosplayers at Anime Boston this year, but since like Nina if I haven't seen it I don't recognize it, it didn't register to me. And I'll be happy to keep it that way. The more I hear about Homestuck, the less I want to ever experience it.
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Posts: 92
I actually have one more comic after this, but I'm glad you've been enjoying them! c:
Re: Homestuck, I don't even think you need to have read it at this point to recognize them. x_x Just count the grey people with candycorn-colored horns and multiply that by maybe 5 or 6 and that's how many Homestuck cosplayers you've got at the convention. It's totally scientific!
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Posts: 4
I had this issue with Homestuck and Adventure Time. But yeah, just things that once you realize what they are...they're everywhere.
I've actually grown to like Homestuck though and have been reading along, but I still for the life of me (and I've tried. Heck, for New Years, there was nothing else even on except Adventure Time), can not understand it at all. I'd love to know why people like it, but it seems asking is like insulting people because nobody ever tells me (even though I'm honestly just curious! I'd love to know what I'm missing.) I do like some of the designs in it though.
Kiriska - Ironically, despite the trolls being more noticible, they aren't even introduced until Act 4 (and not prominently until Act 5) of the story (Right now, it's in Act 6 and Act 7 is supposed to be the last). The original main characters were 4 kids (+ 12 trolls + 4 more kids now + probably 12 more trolls + some of the other characters that have prominent roles that I can't think of a good way to describe + various guardians for either the kids or trolls + misc. characters thrown out) and I remember a lot of people who would start reading would be so confused (A friend introduced me and I hadn't known anything about it beforehand so I didn't have this issue) as the trolls aren't even until so much later, but that's usually what is recognized first, so just counting the trolls is only a fraction of all the Homestuck people there.
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Posts: 671
I guess I can understand how Nina would think like that, given how I only watched The Last Airbender a few months back myself. Until then it was like air to me, something that I wasn't fully concious of until at some point it managed to gain my interest.
I'm enjoying The Legend of Korra so far too.
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Posts: 1340
Location: Under Your Bed
|You know, I'm kinda curious/worried if I'll ever see any cosplayers for that Fifty Shades of Gray series.
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Posts: 33
Location: Windy City
What is Fifty Shades of Gray? I keep seeing mentions about it, but all I can find when I search is that novel by E.L. James. Is it that, or something else entirely?
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Posts: 1244
It's erotic fiction which is driving housewives crazy and started out as a Twilight fanfic with a bunch of name changes.
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Posts: 884
|I think it's great that a show like "Avatar:The Last Airbender" and "The Legend of Korra" have gotten such positive reviews on this site. I hope it continues. I like the show myself. Most of the time,it deserves the praise it gets. Especially from stuff like "Anime News Nina."
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Posts: 800
Location: Seattle. It purdy and nerdy!
I am actually a pretty big fan of Adventure Time, which I only was introduced to a month or two ago. Personally, I like it because I think it's a very creative and surreal show and I think it's funny. The art is neat and the episodes are short and sweet, so generally they make me feel happy with how colorful, bubbly, and silly they are. But if you gave it a try and don't find it funny or appealing, me telling you why I like it probably won't change your mind. It's not for everyone, I suppose!
Also after seeing the bajillion, slightly irritating (some of them) Homestuck cosplayers at Sakuracon, I decided to check out the comic since I had never heard of it. I don't get it at all. I clicked through a great deal of the first part and couldn't get through it- just seemed really boring and didn't grab me.
Also, thanks to Kiriska for all her hard work and letting me take a break!!
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Posts: 4141
I sorta felt the same way too: but it KINDA gets better. And then it...I don't know, Homestuck is divisive. You either like it or you don't.
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Posts: 372
Location: Middle of Nowhere, USA
My sister's a fan and I've only seen bits and pieces, so these are just secondhand guesses. It's completely random, which some people really like in that type of show. The characters are unique and don't fit their archetypes very much. The innuendo is everywhere, which definitely amuses some people and surprises others that there'd be so much in a kids show. It's more unique and memorable than a lot of other kids' show. The songs the characters randomly break into occasionally are insanely catchy. And lastly, fantasy seems to be popular right now and it's a good example of a completely fantasy world.
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Posts: 4
Yeah, I mean, I think some of the designs are nice...but I don't find it funny really. I think it may just be too random for me, is the issue. But I've tried several times as I do know a lot of people who like it! I just...I just don't care for it
The big thing with Homestuck is it started with readers submitting suggestions until the author felt it was going too slow and stopped that. I would say you'd have to read until the end of Act 3 (When all 4 kids are introduced and when most of the suggestions are over) to really get a good judgement on it. The end of Act 3 is actually what finally got me into it. And despite it seeming long, the story is several thousand pages now and Act's 4 and 5 are most of that ATM, so it's really not too long. One other big thing is to not skip over -anything- as everything will become important at some point.
SereneChaos - Yeah, I think it's the randomness that turns me off, essentially. Pretty much all innuendo goes over my head unless explained to me so that's not even something that crosses my mind. I just need more structure, I guess.
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Psycho 101
Posts: 7983
Location: Omega
I agree. I think once you've seen a show the characters stand out more for you then before. So you notice them more. The fun thing for me has over time going back and reviewing my photos from various cons. Often I see a cosplayer and think, "damn that's a nice outfit they got there." But I have no idea who it is lol. Then later I see the show and when I go back through my photos from cons I get excited as if I'm just discovering them for the first time lol.
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text: James Horton explores the landscape with oils in this great book. Brimming over with step-by-step demonstrations of many aspects of the landscape - from beaches to mountains to vineyards; there is something for every taste. This book is ideal for everyone from complete beginners through to experts looking for new inspiration and helpful hints.


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Celebrity Real Estate: Is This Ellen DeGeneres and Porta de Rossi's New Home?
Click here to view the full photogallery. Yesterday, after news broke that Ryan Seacrest dropped $37M on Ellen DeGeneres and Portia de Rossi's Beverly Hills compound, an anonymous Curbed commenter mused: "I can't imagine that Ellen is going to be living full time in Malibu"—you'll recall that she just bought Brad Pitt's place there—"what can you really upgrade to from here??????" To answer your question, bro, it turns out the comedian—and recent winner of the Kennedy Center's Mark Twain Prize for American Humor—and her actress wife are rumored to have purchased another place in Beverly Hills for somewhere in the range of $17M to $18M. According to The Real Estalker, the glassy midcentury modern was originally designed in 1958 by Hal Levitt (these days, he's quite a popular architect with the celebrity set ), featured in a 2001 Versace ad campaign, and previously owned by celebrity decorator Kelly Wearstler, who did up the place in her signature, blinged-out maximalist style before photographing it for a decorating monograph. The 8,500-square-foot main house has only four bedrooms—quite a lifestyle change from the nine DeGeneres and de Rossi enjoyed at the place they just sold to Seacrest—but plenty of space for their famous art collection, not to mention some gorgeous-looking landscaping and a modern marble pool. Wonder if that stainless steel kitchen comes with the private chef (above, second listing photo, above) . The place was listed for "From $20,000,000," so there's a good chance he got cut out of the deal
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Celebrity Real Estate: Is This Ellen DeGeneres and Porta de Rossi's New Home?
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You don't stick it out as the director of a local dance company for 16 years without a high degree of moxie. Yet even by the going standards, Lucy Bowen McCauley has more moxie than most.
After her troupe, Bowen McCauley Dance, performed at the Wintergreen Summer Music Festival in Virginia last year, she walked up to the man who runs it, Larry Alan Smith, and talked him into being her music director.


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Speaking in Tongues?
Get this Ebook today in Kindle. Only $3.99
Learn the FOUR purposes of tongues!
This Sunday teaching will be a great blessing to you.
Listen to Apostolic teaching and preaching!... << MORE >>
John 3:5-7
5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
6 That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
7 Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again.
Must a person have the Spirit of God dwelling on the inside to go ...


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federal appeals court
US Appeals Court Upholds Fed Cap On Card 'Swipe Fees'
A federal appeals court has handed a defeat to a coalition of retail groups that challenged as too high the Federal Reserve's cap on how much banks can charge businesses for handling debit card transactions.
Supreme Court Weighs President's Recess Appointment Power
The Supreme Court is refereeing a politically charged dispute between President Barack Obama and Senate Republicans over the president's power to temporarily fill high-level positions.
Judges Weigh Religious Exemption for Health Law
A federal appeals court is considering whether for-profit businesses can be exempted from a contraceptive mandate in the health care law because of the owners' religious views.
Federal Appeals Court Allowing Racial Defamation Suit Against Conservative Blogger
A federal appeals court says former Agriculture Department employee Shirley Sherrod can continue her defamation case against a conservative blogger.
Court: Southwestern Border State Dealers Must Still Report When Customers Buy Multiple High-Powered Rifles
A federal appeals court panel Friday unanimously upheld an Obama administration requirement that dealers in southwestern border states report when customers buy multiple high-powered rifles.
Federal Court Rules Government Does Not Need To Release Dead Bin Laden Photos
A federal appeals court is backing the U.S. government's decision not to release photos and video taken of Osama bin Laden during and after a raid in which the terrorist leader was killed by U.S. commandos.
Obama Withdraws Appeals Court Pick
President Barack Obama withdrew his nomination of Caitlin Halligan to a federal appeals court Friday, handing a victory to Republicans in the Senate who twice blocked his pick for the key judicial post.
Court: Obama Labor Relations Appointments Unconstitutional
A federal appeals court has ruled that President Barack Obama violated the Constitution when he bypassed the Senate to fill vacancies on a labor relations panel.


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Tag: Space Invaders
Taito is making its own iPad arcade cabinet
First ThinkGeek's iCade went from joke concept to real product, then Atari introduced its own iPad gaming controller. Now Taito, maker of legendary video game Space Invaders, is joining the fray with the InvaderCade. GameSetWatch reports the cabinet has only a single button and a ball-top...
TUAW's Daily App: Invaders World Tour
Just one look at the screenshot tells you what you're dealing with in Invaders World Tour: invaders, of the space kind. The game is a really well-done Space Invaders clone, with colorful graphics, an interesting tilt-to-move mechanic, and power-ups to help you take out the invading menace. The game...
Mac ASCII Invaders
If you're in the mood to shoot down some aliens, Mac ASCII Invaders plays exactly the way you expect it to: left and right arrows to move your weapon, the space bar to fire. This is Chuck Houpt's Macintosh port of Thomas Munro's ASCII version of Space Invaders. It's a "termlet"; you install the...
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Pour l'Honneur des Zombies
English Title: Zombie Pride
Cartoon Summary:
In the run-up to Halloween, the pupils have to make a presentation on the mythical creatures that make this day famous. Ely, a friend of Maggot and Fungus, decides... (more)
Cartoon Production Information:
English Title: "Zombie Pride."
Pass the Fawlty Towers, turn right after the Addams Family, and you'll find the Zombie Hotel! Wide-eyed twins Fungus and Maggot will welcome you, along with their Mom and Dad Zombies, Rictus... (more)
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ECCO has released its new EW2000 Series LED Pedestrian Spotlights. They are designed specifically for material handling applications to provide a visual warning for pedestrians in the vicinity of mobile equipment. These lights, which project a blue, 300-lumen spot beam onto the ground either in front or to the rear of the vehicle, are intended as a supplemental safety device in addition to a 360º warning light. This additional safety feature is especially useful where blind corners – such as warehouse racking – are present, and is likely to be seen by pedestrians that are not looking up or paying close attention to their surroundings. Featuring 12-48 VDC operation, an aluminum housing and polycarbonate lens, the EW2000 is extremely resistant to impact and vibration damage and has an IP67 ingress protection rating.Click here to view detailed information on the EW2000 Series worklamp.
Featuring quality and functionality equal to existing wired systems, ECCO's new EC5605-WK wireless reversing camera system dramatically decreases installation complexity and expense. Including a feature-packed 5.6" LCD high-resolution touch screen color monitor and CMOS color infrared camera, the EC5605-WK delivers excellent picture quality even in low-light conditions. The compact monitor allows for unobtrusive installation without compromising viewable screen area. The system is expandable up to four cameras, and carries a one-year warranty.Click here to view detailed information about the EC5605-WK.
Click here to view an online flipbook version of ECCO's 2014 Camera Systems brochure.
ECCO has released five impressive new series of LED worklamps. Each series offers both spot and flood illumination options along with the latest in LED technology to provide the very brightest white light for use in a wide array of applications. Additional features for all worklamps include: low amp draws, 80,000 hours of maintenance-free life expectancy, polycarbonate lenses, aluminum heatsink housings, 12-24VDC and 2+ year warranties.Read the specifications below, and click the hyperlinks to view the product pages for each series.EW2450 Series (square)1200 (EW2450 spot)/1100 (EW2451 flood) effective lumens | 2.2 amps | on/off switch | 360-degree stainless steel rotation axis | removable handle | three-year warrantyEW2510 Series (square)4450 (EW2510 spot)/4550 (EW2511 flood) effective lumens | 4.8 amps | nine 10-watt LEDs | vibration-dampening bracket | IP68 protection rating | two-year warrantyEW2310 Series (square)3600 effective lumens (EW2310 spot/EW2311 flood) | 5.3 amps | nine 10-watt LEDs | heavy duty stainless steel articulating bracket | IP69K and CISPR 25 protection rating | three-year warrantyEW2320 Series (rectangle)Modular (E94011 connector sold separately) | 2100 (EW2320 spot)/2150 (EW2321 flood) effective lumens | 2.2 amps | five 10-watt LEDs | IP67 protection rating | two-year warrantyEW2440 Series (rectangle)950 effective lumens (EW2440 spot/EW2441 flood) | 1.2 amps | six three-watt LEDs | compact design | two-year warranty
ECCO Group, with headquarters in Boise, Idaho, announces the acquisition of Public Safety Equipment Group (PSE).ECCO Group is primarily engaged in sales of reversing safety and amber warning products for commercial vehicles and recognizes PSE as the ideal platform to expand its global presence and its footprint to the worldwide emergency vehicles sector, allowing the group to compete as a strong global player in both sectors.The expanded organization, as ECCO Safety Group, will have manufacturing in nine locations on four continents, along with an additional four sales offices in Europe, Australia and China, together employing 900 team-members.Chris Marshall, CEO of ECCO Safety Group explained, "This is a huge development for us as it brings strong brands, additional products and a substantial footprint in the global emergency services sector. ECCO Group is well known for supplying amber warning beacons and lightbars to the commercial vehicle aftermarket sector along with reverse alarms to OEMs, so this development will see an expanded group investing for the longer term in service and innovation to support its customers around the world, offering red and blue emergency lighting, mirrors, switches, signal and accessory lights and wiper equipment drawing upon the expertise and experience that the PSE team bring with them."ECCO Group currently employs 270 people around the world with manufacturing locations in USA, Europe, Australia and a sales office in China.PSE employs 630 people with manufacturing locations in the USA, Europe, Australia and China; along with sales offices in Germany and France.
ECCO is pleased to unveil "TechWise," an educational platform created to teach installers, resellers and end-users – even the general public – about the workings of commercial vehicle safety and related technology. The program was created with busy professionals in mind. Though it works the same on desktop computers, TechWise is specially-designed to be mobile-friendly. Short modules take less than 30 minutes to finish – and completion of each sub-topic is bookmarked, making it easy to seamlessly continue lessons as your schedule permits. The regularly updated "ECCO Products" section also puts condensed data about the company's latest offerings a single click away.The first lesson, "LED Technology 101," is available now and provides an introduction to the inner workings and common uses of light emitting diodes within the commercial vehicle safety industry. Future lessons, to be released several times per year, will cover vehicle electrics, safety lighting and many other topics. To take the first course and sign up to receive notifications when new content is added, visit www.eccotechwise.com today!
ECCO has released its new Equinox LED worklamp line. With a modern housing shape and exclusive ECCO grille recessed in the lens, Equinox is a distinctive universal worklamp that shines brightly in any work environment. Additionally, the EW2102 model features Lo-Glo™, an illuminated ECCO logo that provides both a modern look and offers additional safety as an obstruction marker light. The line also includes an amber model commonly used in low visibility situations such as dust, snow and fog, and in areas where the use of rear facing white lights is prohibited by law.All models feature a polycarbonate lens, aluminum housing, IP67 protection rating and a three-year warranty. The EW2102 has the added benefits of a UV hardcoated lens and a Gore® vent for superior environmental protection.Click to view detailed information on the new EW2101, EW2101A and EW2102 product lines.
ECCO's 2014 Product Guide is now available. Please request a printed copy by contacting customer service, click here to view an online flipbook version, or download the PDF edition below.
We are passionate about improving safety around commercial vehicles and our goal in creating ECCO Mobile was to do just that by simplifying the back-up alarm selection process with a tool to help customers choose the right alarm for their unique needs.
ECCO Mobile makes selection of the correct back-up alarm for any vehicle type and work environment quick and easy. Simply sample the ambient noise surrounding the vehicle using the Decibel Meter to instantly generate a list of suitable alarms, or select one based on the vehicle application. Users can also access detailed product information, listen to sound samples and ultimately find a local ECCO dealer.
for iPhone® and iPad® for Android™
ECCO was recently featured in a series of four videos produced by engineering design software creators Solidworks. Shot on location at the company's global headquarters in Boise, Idaho, the videos demonstrate ECCO engineers' collective ability to reduce time, cost and mistakes by constructing virtual models and viewing flow simulations for products before they are built.
See the videos here:
The Idaho Statesman, the Gem State's largest daily newspaper, ran an article today about the Boise Police Department's partnership with ECCO Group and other local companies:
Treasure Valley tech firms partner with local police
If you've been stopped by a Boise police officer in the past few years, chances are the flashing lights that alerted you to pull over were developed by Boise's ECCO Group.
ECCO's role in the Boise Police Department's conversion to low-profile LED light bars is a prime example of the department's embrace of local technology firms, Chief of Police Mike Masterson says....
Click here to read the full article.


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So my five-year-old boy and 10 month old boy are having a sword fight with straws in Taco Bell today. The five-year-old repeatedly says "cut" as he tries to saw off his brothers arm. Younger son retaliates by hitting him with a straw and saying "tut, tut, tut."
My Son's First Word?
{ 1 comment… read it below or add one }
- January 9, 2007 at 5:51 pm
Oh, how wonderful! I love these "firsts"! Hope all of you are well and warm.
Leave a Comment
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Assisted Living Costs in Williamsport, PA
Cost for a single bedroom in Williamsport runs between $2,850 to $8,190 a month.
Availability is almost guaranteed but you can request information online by filling out the form to the right or call us at (866) 333-8391 for a no-cost, in-depth assessment of your senior care needs. Our compassionate advisors can help you find the best Williamsport assisted living facilities for your unique needs and budget.
The official website for the city of Williamsport is http://www.cityofwilliamsport.org/.
Interesting Facts
Williamsport is also known as: Lycoming County / Williamsport city.
And some of the notable people born here have been: Gary Brown (american football player), Jamie McAndrew (baseball player), Mike Mussina (baseball player), Jason Phillips (baseball player), and Chantel Tremitiere (basketball player).
And featured attractions of Williamsport: U.S. Post Office, Williamsport Armory, Williamsport Regional Airport, Pennsylvania College of Technology, and Lycoming College.
Cities near Williamsport offering assisted living optionsMontoursville | Muncy | Jersey Shore | Watsontown | Hughesville | Avis | Lewisburg | Lock Haven | Morris | Northumberland | Millville
Population shifts in Williamsport
Average temperatures in WilliamsportLine in orange is average highs...line in blue is average lows.
Average rainfall in Williamsport


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Artist and Graphic designer. Since 1985 I run my personal atelier as graphic designer and work realize graphic projects for companies, public offices, museums, art galleries. I also deal with the...View Profile
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Bob's Cozy Cabin - Riverfront- Hot Tub
You sent a message to this owner.
- Minimum stay:Contact owner
- Internet:Yes
- Pets considered:Yes
- Wheel chair accessible:No
Greenwater cabin description
The cabin features a large open main level with a propane stove, leather couches, satellite TV, WiFi, dining table, breakfast bar, full kitchen, bathroom and 2 loft bedrooms that comfortably sleeps 6 adults, an additional fold-out futon is available.
The 6-person hot tub is located on the back deck over looking the river. A large dining area for is perfect for family dining and entertaining.
Located on a private road with only the sounds of the wildlife and the Greenwater River out the backdoor.
Full kitchen (stove, refrig, microwave, dishes, etc.)
Satellite TV, DVD, WiFi
Walking distance to local businesses and attractions (Greenwater Store, Wapati's, Naches Tavern)
20 Minutes to Crystal Mtn Resort and Mt Rainier National Park
Biking, hiking, fishing, rafting, skiing, weddings, family reunions.
Keywords: Only 90 minutes from Seattle and 20 minutes from Crystal Mtn Resort, this newly remodeled cabin has the charm of a mountain chalet with all modern amenities. Situated on the Greenwater River and walking distance to the quaint village of Greenwater, WA. Relax in the hot tub overlooking the river with occasional herds of elk feeding nearby. Perfect for ski trips, romantic getaways, family vacations or just a quiet weekend.
Crystal Mountain Resort, Mt Rainier, Sunrise, Chinook Pass and hundreds of magnificent hiking/biking trails just minutes away.
Property Type
- Cabin
Accommodation Type
- Vacation Rental
- Pets Considered
- Children Welcome
- Non Smoking Only
Bedrooms: 2 Bedrooms, Sleeps 7, Beds for 6-7
Kitchen & Dining
- Microwave
- Cooking Utensils
- Refrigerator
- Kitchen
- Linens Provided
- Parking Off Street
- Gas Fireplace
- Stereo
- DVD Player
- Satellite / Cable
- CD Player
- Video Library
- Broadband Access
- Wireless Internet
Pool & Spa
- Hot Tub
Outdoor Features
- Deck / Patio
- Outdoor Grill
Location & View
- Water View
- Mountain View
- Waterfront
- Recommended
- Snowmobiling
- Cycling
- Fishing
- Rock Climbing
- Hiking
- Snowboarding
- Hunting
- Mountain Biking
- Spelunking
- Cross Country Skiing
- Horseback Riding
- Shopping
- Sledding
- Restaurants
- Horseshoes
- Swimming
- Skiing
- Golf
- Wildlife Viewing
- Sight Seeing
ReviewsWrite a review
Winter Fun
Winter Fun
This cabin is comfortable and well situated for hiking or skiing at Crystal Mountain. Not much privacy in the sleeping quarters but very comfortable. The hot tub is the star, and the view is magnificent. Mike was SO responsive with questions that arose. It was clean and very well-maintained.
- Guest Waubesa (Madison, WI)
- Date of stay 12/15/13
- Review Submitted 12/24/13
Recommended for: Age 55+, families with young children, girls getaway, sightseeing, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Such a great getaway for a weekend. Amazingly close to Seattle yet still far enough out to feel as though your an eternity away. Perfect place for relaxation. Cabin is supplied with all your needs from towels to spoons.
- Guest Radiohead98115 (Seattle )
- Date of stay 10/18/13
- Review Submitted 10/26/13
Recommended for: Romantic getaway, sightseeing, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Stormy Weekend at Rainier!
Stormy Weekend at Rainier!
My husband and I chose Bob's cabin for our anniversary weekend get away. We brought our dog along with high hopes of doing some hiking and exploring for our first trip to the National Park! Non-surprisingly in WA...it poured the entire weekend and we even saw the first snow fall of the year at lower elevation near Crystal. There was lots of wind, thunder and lightening, but the power never went out! Needless to say we spent the majority of our weekend inside at the cabin. We loved the leather couches and the big screen TV! The hot tub was very well maintained and easy to use, a lovely way to relax outdoors after being inside most of the day. Our next visit we anticipate to be in the summer time when we can really get out and see the surrounding attractions near the cabin.
- Guest Chandra M. (Where do you live?)
- Date of stay 09/27/13
- Review Submitted 10/13/13
Recommended for: Romantic getaway, pet owners, sightseeing, adventure seekers.
Owner response: Sorry for the weather... but life in the great NW. Promise sunny, blue-skies for your next stay! ;-)
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Bob's Cabin... a wonderful getaway!
Bob's Cabin... a wonderful getaway!
Bob's Cabin was a wonderful getaway for our family last weekend. It is very easy to find, intimate, homey, and comfortable. We loved soaking in the hot tub and listening to the river pass below the cabin. One of the days, we went on the hike to Greenwater Lakes and had a fun time walking through the dense forest, and eating our lunch by the rushing White River. Michael was a fabulous host, making contact with me before our trip, making sure we had good directions, and pointing out some of the fun things we could do while staying there. One of the things I loved was the Direct TV. I didn't have to miss my Mariners games, and the kids were able to entertain themselves with cartoons while my wife and I relaxed. The WIFI was huge, also. AT&T doesn't cover the Rainier area, so we had no cell service. This is not necessarily a bad thing, but being able to still get on the internet helped keep us connected to important matters. The beds were comfortable, the neighborhood very quiet, and the local "stores" were very close by. We will definitely stay at Bob's Cabin again, and recommend it to everyone wanting a nice, quiet retreat away from the business of everyday life. August 2013
- Guest Tony (Yakima, WA)
- Date of stay 08/22/13
- Review Submitted 08/29/13
Recommended for: Age 55+, families with young children, families with teenagers, girls getaway, romantic getaway, sightseeing.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
Charming, cozy cabin
Charming, cozy cabin
Three of us stayed at Bob's Cozy Cabin last weekend - we were in Greenwater for an event at Crystal Mountain and unfortunately (for us) we were so busy, there wasn't time to use the hot tub! The cabin is lovely - very nicely furnished, clean & comfortable and stocked with everything you need. The living area is spacious and the beds are comfy. It was so relaxing to fall asleep and wake up to the sound of the river, which is just outside the back door. If we're in the area again, I would definitely want to stay in this cute, cozy cabin.
- Guest Glee B. (Alaska)
- Date of stay 03/15/13
- Review Submitted 03/24/13
Recommended for: Age 55+, families with young children, families with teenagers, girls getaway, romantic getaway, pet owners, sightseeing, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Great getaway from the crazy city
Great getaway from the crazy city
Spent a wonderful weekend away from the big city at Bob's cabin. Couldn't be happier with the place. Quaint, clean and so much to do. I would recommend to anyone who need a time out. Close to Seattle but yet we felt so far away. Can't wait to go back.
- Guest Pam (Seattle)
- Date of stay 11/02/12
- Review Submitted 02/20/13
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Very relaxing retreat!
Very relaxing retreat!
We spent a fantastic week at Bob's Cabin, and loved every minute of it. The cabin itself was immaculate, with beautiful hardwoods and cozy furnishings that felt rustic and modern at the same time. It felt very private, even though it's located in a little community, and we loved being able to hear the river rush past as we fell asleep. Our dog loved going down to the river to swim (the access point is a really pleasant 5-minute walk from the house) and playing in the yard with the neighbor dogs. We visited Crystal Mountain (our dog did NOT love the gondola ride, but we couldn't resist!), hiked in the national forest, and walked to Wapiti Woolies for coffee when we wanted a little socialization. The only downside was that the Internet wasn't very reliable -- the power went out briefly, which took down the router that guests cannot access -- but it ended up working out well for us since we had wanted to unplug. Also, some of the kitchen equipment was unpredictable, but I consider that part of the charm of an older home. We did most of our cooking over the open fire pit, anyway! My boyfriend and I can be pretty picky about vacation rentals, and have stayed in plenty of them; this is one of the few we would rent again in a heartbeat, although only if we had the luxury of not needing Internet or cell phone access.
- Guest Sara (Portland, OR)
- Date of stay 09/07/12
- Review Submitted 10/03/12
Recommended for: Girls getaway, romantic getaway, pet owners, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Tidy Cabin in a Great Location
Tidy Cabin in a Great Location
We (4 friends + one dog) just returned home (to Seattle) after a short weekend visit to Bob's Cozy Cabin. We love welcoming the beginning of Fall at a "cabin in the woods" and choose different locations every year. However, we'll probably be back to Bob's. This place is very clean and neat, decorated simply, and the beds are comfortable. The location is perfect for just chillaxing, a ski weekend, or hiking trails (I'd recommend Greenwater Lakes Trail - 9 miles away). It's also close to some services (the cabin is walkable to a general store, tavern, and even some ski shops). We spent the weekend hiking and enjoying the hot tub overlooking greenwater river - and disconnecting a bit. Some things to keep in mind: the place will sleep 6 comfortably - but it is loft style so you won't have complete privacy. The cabin is on a private lot - while sitting on the back porch you can mostly just see trees and the river. This said, there are neighbors next door, across the river and across the street (although we never saw anyone). The kitchen is functional, stocked with most common/needed supplies, but small. Everything in the cabin was well cared for and functional. The best part about the cabin was it's elevated location above the river. With the window cracked open you can sleep to the sound of the water. Very relaxing. I'd highly recommend this cabin if you are looking for a cozy, simple retreat, close to the city, yet far enough away.
- Guest JasonSeattle (Seattle, WA)
- Date of stay 09/21/12
- Review Submitted 09/24/12
Recommended for: Age 55+, families with young children, families with teenagers, girls getaway, romantic getaway, pet owners, sightseeing.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
Excellent little place, great owners
Excellent little place, great owners
Mike and Lynn were excellent to work with throughout the rental process and even when we arrived. Everything was well organized and prompt. The cabin itself was easy to find with Mike's directions and a great little place to call home while we explored some beautiful forests. Bob's cabin has a lot of history behind it and most of the locals remember him fondly. Everything was in good working order other than not really having useful internet, but there were local businesses that had free wifi. I would definitely recommend this property and hope we get to stay there again someday!
- Guest nlyssy (Texas)
- Date of stay 07/15/12
- Review Submitted 07/23/12
Recommended for: Families with young children, families with teenagers, girls getaway, romantic getaway, pet owners, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/2
RatesCurrency Conversion
April Thru Oct. $195/night (Fri / Sat) $175 (Sun-Thurs) 2 night Min. Nov Thru March $225/night(Fri-Sat) $195 (Sun-Thurs) 2 night Min.(3rd Night Special Holidays $300 December Thru April (3 night minimum) Holidays $250 May Thru October (3 night Minimum) Pet fee $25/Night Non-refundable Cleaning fee $75 Damage Deposit $250 Refundable 9.8% Tax additional
Note: Until confirmed, rates are subject to change without notice.
This owner accepts: Credit cards.
Always make sure to call the number on the listing to confirm payment details. Only pay using credit card, PayPal, check or direct bank transfer. NEVER pay by cash or instant money transfer services such as Western Union or MoneyGram. Learn more
Don't forget your vacation protection! Get protected now
Adding our Vacation Protection services can make sure your getaway goes smoothly, no matter what. We offer Cancellation Protection, Carefree Rental Guarantee, and Damage Protection so you can truly relax.
- Nearest Airport: Seattle-Tacoma Int'l at 70 Miles
- Nearest Motorway: WA 410 at 0.05 Miles
- Nearest Barpub: Naches Tavern at 0.05 Miles
- Nearest Ski: Crystal Mtn Resort at 20 Miles
- Nearest Golf: Enumclaw Municipal at 15 Miles
- Nearest Restaurant: Naches Tavern at 0.05 Miles
Owner info
Year Purchased: 2011
About the owner: Michael & Lynn Allen live in the Seattle area. We are avid skiers and enjoy summertime hiking with our dog Wally and enjoy spending time with our children and 2 grandchildren.
Why the Owner Chose Greenwater:
Greenwater is the perfect getaway being only 90 minutes from Seattle. We love the short drive up to Crystal Mtn Resort and being minutes for Mt Rainier National Park. Bob's Cabin (named after long-time resident Bob Osgood) is a charming, cozy cabin with ample room for entertaining friends and family.
The Unique Benefits at this Cabin:
Whether relaxing in the hot tub after a day skiing or hiking, there is nothing more enjoyable than listening to the sounds of the river from the deck at Bob's Cabin. Oftentimes Elk will wander through the property in the early morning of evening. Walk down peaceful Lumpy Lane to Wapiti Woolies for your morning latte or up to the historic Naches Tavern for a beer and burger. Whether you are looking for dramatic scenery on an all-day hike or a easy afternoon walk, all are available within minutes of Greenwater.
Contact us
- Primary: 425/954-4004
- Secondary: 425/750-4963
- Click Here to see All My Rental Listings
Bob's Cozy Cabin... perfect get-away
Spacious dining room for family meals entertaining
Queen Bed
Twin beds
Hot tub overlooking Greenwater River
Dining at the Summit House... Washington's highest restaurant
Skoocum Falls is one of our favorite hikes
Walk to the famous Naches Tavern
Living room with electric fireplace and flat screen TV (wifi and satellite cable
Kitchen includes all cooking and dining utensils
Full Bed
Fold-out bed
Only minutes to Crystal Mtn Resort
Mt Rainier National Park is just a short drive away
Bob's Original Cabin from 1950's
There have been visitors to this page since the counter was last reset in .
This listing was first published here in 2012.
Date last modified - Thursday, March 13, 2014
2 Bedroom / 1 Bathroom
Sleeps 7
Always make sure to call the number on the listing to confirm payment details. Only pay using credit card, PayPal, check, or direct bank transfer. Learn More
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York High School Alumni
1 Robert Stevens Drive
York, Maine 03909 • (207) 363-3621
Today is:
Thursday,24 April,2014 09:31:40 AM
District Home Page
YHS Home
School Programs
Staff Pages
Student Services
Information - About Us
Contact Us
Community Link
Adult Education
York Education Foundation
Alumni Information
Town of York
YHS Wishlist
Class of 1964
The York School Department assumes no responsiblity for the accuracy of the information on class pages. It has been several years since some of this information has been updated. Email addresses change frequently!!!! Encourage your classmates to send in updated information.
Where Living
Email Address
Last Updated:
Dwight Sowerby
Lyndeborough, NH 03082
I graduated from Marietta College in 1968 with a degree in speech and drama. After a successful career in healthcare. I returned to school in 1992 and graduated with a degree in law in 1996. I am currently admitted to the bar in Mass. and NH. I live in Lyndeborough, NH with my wife Cindy and three year old son Zach and our horses, pigs goats, etc. Summers find me on my boat in Eliot, ME nearly every weekend. My daughter Amy and her husband Jay in Manchester, New Hampshire.
Dianne "Burbank" Pomeroy
Gloria "Avery" Royal
Mike Weare
Bob Parshley
Sandra "Jones" Bracey
Dover, FL 33527
School Bus Driver
Married 33 years. two son, 35 & 31, one grandson 12. Love living in the sunny south.... work with special needs children.
Laurie "Carpenter" Rowan
Kittery, ME 03904
Elementary teacher
After graduating from U.of M. in Orono in 1968, I taught seventh grade in Vermont for a few years. We moved on to Reading, PA and Memphis, TN before settling in Kittery in 1977. I spent several years at home, raising three sons, and have been teaching third and fourth grade in Kittery since 1988. Working in the same system with the sons of classmates (Janny Eldredge Roberge's son Mike and Katie Ellis Wicker's son Rich) has made me realize just how old I'm getting. My own kids are living in Atlanta, New York City and the UK, so we don't get to see them too often. Current favorite pastimes are genealogy and working on the house. My husband and I have spent the last several summers fixing up our 1911-vintage home.
Meredith Patstone
Kittery Point, ME 03905
I'm retired
After graduating, I worked at York Hospital doing diets, then I decided to work in my father's business, as a secretary until 1971, then went to Tri County Hospital, and did the diets there, until I decided to change my career to nursing, until I had to retire in 1999, due to carpal tunnel in my hand. I keep busy doing gardening, some golf, and swimming for therapy, and taking care of one my great nephews.
I've live on Spruce Creek for twenty-five years, and we have no children. We enjoy going out to eat, and taking day trips. We also enjoy the beautiful sunsets, over looking the water. In the winter I enjoy doing crafts. I like being retired, but I miss a lot of my clients, it's a pleasure if you can go to work, and enjoy it as much as I did.
Lorraine "Small" Bynaker
RX Technician
I have a loving husband and a beautiful daughter. My husband Dan and I have been married for 37 years. Our daughter Dawn just graduated from high school this year and is currently working at petsmart as a groomer. Dan will retire in 4 years and we are planning on moving further south to Myrtle Beach, SC. I think we should start having reunions every two years now that we all are growing older. Hope to hear from some of you and I can't wait to see you at the next reunion!
Last Modified
: 4 May,2009