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Biscoff Syrup with Fresh Berry Popovers…and a Giveaway!
Are you tired of me making popovers?
We never get tired of them here. They're quick, require but one bowl and a whisk, and are done in less than half an hour, start to finish.
I make them plain, I make them with pumpkin, and I make them with apples. For this batch, I added fresh Naturipe blueberries and raspberries and a little extra sugar. They were SO good!
Instead of topping them with a sweetened cream cheese drizzle or a bit of maple syrup, I went a little out of the jar box. You know I love Biscoff Spread, right? Oh, I do. I could eat it straight from the jar, just a spoon and a complete disregard for my waistline. It's beyond delicious!
Here's what I did. It's going to require a lot of note taking on your part, so be prepared.
One part Biscoff Spread, two parts maple or Vanilla syrup. Stir. Use. Die happy.
Add a few swirls of sweetened whipped cream on the side, okay? You can thank me later.
Fresh Berry Popovers
Rating: 5
Prep Time: 5 minutes
Cook Time: 25 minutes
Total Time: 30 minutes
Yield: 12
Serving Size: 2-3 popovers
3 eggs
1 cup milk
1 cup All Purpose Flour
5 Tbsps sugar
1 tbsp brown sugar
1/4 teaspoon ginger
pinch salt
2 teaspoons vanilla
3 Tablespoons Butter
1 cup mixed berries
Preheat oven to 375F. Divide the butter into the cups of your Pop Over Pan. (If you don't own one, you can use a muffin tin, but you will need to use all 12 cups. Just divide the butter up evenly) Place the pan in the oven for 3-5 minutes while you are making the batter.
In medium bowl, beat the eggs with the milk, vanilla, ginger and sugar, then whisk in the flour. Pour the batter into the butter filled cups, then evenly add a few berries to each cup. Return to oven for 5 minutes, then reduce the temperature to 350 and continue to bake for another 20 minutes. Drizzle with Biscoff Syrup or your favorite syrup, and whipped cream. Serve and enjoy!
The Giveaway
Biscoff and I are buddies, you see, and they have offered to give one of you a sweet little Biscoff Treat. These packages have a few delicious Biscoff Cookies for you! (or to share!) So just let us know you'd like to have them! That counts as one entry!
For one additional chance (just choose one) – Share this post link on Twitter or on Facebook. return here to let me know you did, and now you've entered to win TWICE.
For another entry, follow Biscoff on Twitter or Facebook (or both!), then return here and let me know. One one entry will count, though, even if you opt to do both. (Which you should, Biscoff is awesome!)
Three total entries per person, max. All extra comments will be deleted.
Open to US Addresses Only (so very sorry Internationals, I do appreciate you, though), and is courtesy of and shipped by Biscoff. Giveaway ends December 3, 11:59pm EST.
The BIG DEAL
See that 7 Quart KitchenAid? I know you want it. I certainly can't blame you. So, to keep it fun and interesting, I'm giving you LOTS of extra opportunities to win it. For every giveaway you enter during my 25 Days of Doughmesstic Christmas, if you'll go comment on THIS POST (Click thru!) saying "I entered to win the …" (you know, whatever you entered to win), you'll get a BONUS entry to win the mixer. That's 24 additional chances to win that bad boy. So scoot! Go enter to win today's giveaway, and then visit THIS POST to comment for your bonus entries on the mixer.
Good Luck, and see you back here tomorrow for more fun things to win!


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The Supreme Court shocked the country minutes ago when justices voted 5-4 to uphold the heart of the controversial health care act.
- You can read the full opinion here
Chief Justice John Roberts surprised everybody by siding with the liberals.
In the majority opinion, Roberts wrote that court precedent mandates Congress has the power to impose the individual mandate.
Anthony Kennedy, often considered the court's wild card, dissented.
And his dissent was brutal. He said if he had his way, the entire law would have been invalidated.
We're following all the updates as they come in. So far, some of the juiciest tidbits have been released but we still don't have the full opinion.
And here's the money quote: "Our precedent demonstrates that Congress had the power to impose the exaction in Section 5000A under the taxing power, and that Section 5000A need not be read to do more than impose a tax. This is sufficient to sustain it," according to SCOTUSblog.
So basically they're saying Congress is allowed to impose taxes.
We'll get the ruling hopefully in a few minutes. But for now we now the mandate has been ruled constitutional and the Medicaid provision is limited but not invalidated.
The bottom line is the health care act is upheld but the government's power to terminate states' Medicaid funds is narrowly read, according to SCOTUSblog.
SCOTUSblog is reporting the chief justice has joined the left side of the court.
Click here to follow Business Insider's live blog.
Or go straight to the high court here.

subset: commoncrawl


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The woman we know as Sojourner Truth was born into slavery in New York as Isabella Baumfree (after her father's owner, Baumfree). She was sold several times, and while owned by the John Dumont family in Ulster County, married Thomas, another of Dumont's slaves. She had five children with Thomas. In 1827, New York law emancipated all slaves, but Isabella had already left her husband and run away with her youngest child. She went to work for the family of Isaac Van Wagenen.
The state of New York began, in 1799, to legislate the abolition of slavery, which took place on July 4, 1827. Dumont had promised Truth freedom a year before the state emancipation, "if she would do well and be faithful." However, he changed his mind, claiming a hand injury had made her less productive. She was infuriated. She continued working until she felt she had done enough to satisfy her sense of obligation to him by spinning 100 pounds of wool.
Late in 1826, Truth escaped to freedom with her infant daughter, Sophia. She had to leave her other children behind because they were not legally freed in the emancipation order until they had served as bound servants into their twenties. I did not run off, for I thought that wicked, but I walked off, believing that to be all right.
While working for the Van Wagenen's -- whose name she used briefly -- she discovered that a member of the Dumont family had sold one of her children to slavery in Alabama. Since this son had been emancipated under New York Law, Isabella sued in court and won his return.
Isabella experienced a religious conversion, moved to New York City and to a Methodist perfectionist commune, and there came under the influence of a religious prophet named Mathias. (Robert Matthews, also known as Matthias Kingdom or Prophet Matthias)
The commune fell apart a few years later, with allegations of sexual improprieties and even murder. Isabella herself was accused of poisoning, and sued successfully for libel. She continued as well during that time to work as a household servant.
In 1843, she took the name Sojourner Truth, believing this to be on the instructions of the Holy Spirit and became a traveling preacher (the meaning of her new name). In the late 1840s she connected with the abolitionist movement, becoming a popular speaker. In 1850, she also began speaking on woman suffrage. Her most famous speech, Ain't I a Woman? was given in 1851 at a women's rights convention in Ohio.
Sojourner Truth met Harriet Beecher Stowe, who wrote about her for the Atlantic Monthly and wrote a new introduction to Truth's autobiography, The Narrative of Sojourner Truth.
Sojourner Truth moved to Michigan and joined yet another religious commune, this one associated with the Friends. She was at one point friendly with Millerites, a religious movement that grew out of Methodism and later became the Seventh Day Adventists.
During the Civil War Sojourner Truth raised food and clothing contributions for black regiments, and met Abraham Lincoln at the White House in 1864. While there, she tried to challenge the discrimination that segregated street cars by race.
After the War ended, Sojourner Truth again spoke widely, advocating for some time a "Negro State" in the west. She spoke mainly to white audiences, and mostly on religion, "Negro" and women's rights, and on temperance, though immediately after the Civil War she tried to organize efforts to provide jobs for black refugees from the war.
Active until 1875, when her grandson and companion fell ill, Sojourner Truth returned to Michigan where she died in 1883 and was buried in Battle Creek, Michigan. Her remains were buried there at Oak Hill Cemetery beside other family members. Her last words were "Be a follower of the Lord Jesus."


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Big Rapids, Mich. - The Ferris State University men's and women's indoor track and field teams kicked off second semester action by taking part in the Bob Eubanks Open hosted by Grand Valley State University on Friday (Jan. 14) evening inside the Laker Turf Building at Allendale, Mich.
The Bulldogs were one of a number of teams taking part in the non-scoring competition as the field also included student-athletes from schools across the region such as FSU, GVSU, Eastern Michigan, St. Joseph's (Ind.), Calvin, Valparaiso, Bethel (Ind.) and others. Selected Ferris competitors saw action in the event.
Sophomore Anna Rudd placed fifth in the 3,000 meters (10:26.12) for the Bulldog women. Meanwhile, newcomer Jessica Pilling was fifth in the weight throw (53-9.25) and reached a NCAA Division II National Provisional qualification mark in the process.
FSU sophomore Alyssa Osika took sixth place in the women's mile run (5:13.27). Three others placed seventh in the women's competition for the Bulldogs.
On the men's side, FSU's Ryan Chute captured fifth place in the 3,000 meters (8:54.23) and senior Justin Price was seventh overall for the Bulldog men in the 400 meters (50.34).
The Bulldogs will be back in action when they return to Allendale for the Mike Lints Laker Open hosted again by Grand Valley State on Friday, Jan. 21, at the Laker Turf Building.


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Aaron Swartz, open access, and why botherMonday, December 15th, 2014
By way of recap: for the past four years I've been Boston University's institutional repository librarian. I'm writing this as a private citizen, but since this post is about why I do what I do, it's relevant.
I spent the evening knitting. It's hard to convey how rarely I get an opportunity to just sit and knit. Between the full time, bursting at the seams job and the child and the household, I don't just sit down and knit. I don't just sit down and do anything. But there's a holiday gifting idea in my bonnet, so here we are.
Along with knitting, I finally watched The Internet's Own Boy. It's 1h45m long. Since you're reading this blog post on the internet, if you haven't already seen this documentary about Aaron Swartz, you should. I'm allergic to telling people they "should" do anything—but you should. It directly affects the rest of your life, and all the ones that follow.
It's not even worth trying to recap Aaron Swartz, but here are some highlights. He was intimately involved in the creation of Reddit, Demand Progress, the RDF standard, and Creative Commons, among too many other initiatives to list. He had a history of making information publicly available—including court documents that were public in the first place, but for which PACER charged obscene amounts of money, effectively making the most comprehensive documentation of the U.S. justice system inaccessible to entire socio-economic classes of people.
Swartz also contributed a big-data analysis of the Westlaw database to a study at Stanford that revealed widespread corruption in law publishing. (That article doesn't credit him, but I'll give Kahle and Lessig the benefit of the doubt.)
In 2011 Swartz was a fellow at Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet and Society, about which then-director Lawrence Lessig wrote: "The work of the Center? Studying the corruption of academic research (among other institutions) caused by money." Whether he decided to download massive numbers of academic research articles from JSTOR for research purposes, or political-activist ones, or both, will remain unknown. But download them he did, by the tens of gigabytes, using MIT's network.
This should be review for you, so I will only highlight what happened next. Swartz got caught; MIT, JSTOR, the state of Massachusetts, and the FBI's cyber crimes division got involved. The state and JSTOR brought charges against him, which were later dropped. The federal government brought a lawsuit containing four charges against Swartz; the number of charges was later expanded to thirteen. They offered a number of plea deals, all of which would have involved pleading guilty to a felony, and all of which Swartz refused to take. In January of 2013, Aaron killed himself.
The documentary dives far further into the messy complexity of this. The interviewees include Lessig, Tim Berners-Lee, Quinn Norton, the Swartz family, Brewster Kahle, and numerous other collaborators. The film has a decidedly political stance from the beginning, but makes a convincing argument about the powers involved in the struggles around freedom of information on the internet. This argument is unsympathetic towards the U.S. government, specifically the Obama administration, and with good reason. At the same time as this administration has failed to prosecute what the film calls the biggest crime of our time, the Wall Street machinations that led to the economic collapse, they chose to prosecute the hell out of a young activist researcher in order to make an example of him. Plenty of other damning activity, legislative and otherwise, let's see: SOPA/PIPA, TPP, NSA spying, net neutrality vs tiered internet access — you haven't been living under a rock, you know this is a problem.
Now imagine the mainstream media's coverage of the recent police murders of Black men (and women, and children) being the only thing to which the entire country, the entire world had access. Could the current iteration of the civil rights movement (and it is that) have flared up if the internet were openly censored by the U.S. government, instead of merely by commercial interests?
Enabling open access to academic literature is the way that I've chosen to contribute to addressing this dangerous interlocking tangle. In conversations with faculty I usually emphasize other true things: there are individual professional advantages for them, of making their work openly accessible. Increased citation, increased serendipitous opportunities for collaboration and presenting, an establishment of their public voice much earlier in their careers than was possible only 20 years ago, increased opportunities for peer review—all of these are true and valid, and come with the nice side effect of encouraging faculty to learn more about copyright, and how to retain and exercise it in a way that most benefits their purpose, which (stop the presses) publishers often de-prioritize in favor of profit. Helping to fix the thoroughly broken academic publishing system, and maximizing benefits of knowledge dissemination for individual researchers, is a great service to us all.
But that exists alongside, and does not nullify, knowledge workers' civic obligation to disseminate the fruits of our research in a way that benefits the largest number of people. It benefits the workers, yes—but it also benefits humanity in ways we can never predict. The documentary describes one case of a high school kid coming up with an early detection test for pancreatic cancer, but there are others, and their possibility is precluded by toll access to the results of previous research. In cases where marketplace profits have been all but exhausted (most of everything ever created), retaining millions of articles behind $35-per-item paywalls when they've already been digitized, and the expenses of that are recouped, is nonsensical. Seriously, what would be possible if all our recorded knowledge were digitally accessible to everyone? What problems would we be able to address?
Open access (OA) issues and a more proactive approach to copyright are still met with overall researcher indifference, and this is frustrating given how closely aligned OA is with things (like careers and social justice issues) they more consciously care about. Likewise with administrators, so many of whom are surprised to find OA topics directly relevant to their work. I think it's worth the trouble for all knowledge workers to become knowledgeable in open access and copyright issues, both for personal benefit, and for the benefit of everyone else. And for all of us, it is worth periodically reminding ourselves the consequences of not working toward open access.
Here's that documentary again. For all its white-affluent-male-ness, it's worth watching. Thanks for reading.


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School Accountability Report Cards
Posted 2/14/18
State law requires all public schools to create a School Accountability Report Card (SARC). The purpose of the report card is to provide parents and the community with important information about your child's school, which includes:
- School Description and Mission
- School Programs and Instructional Materials
- Opportunities for Parent Involvement
- Test Results
- Safety Plan
- Facilities
We invite you to view the School Accountability Report Card (SARC) for your child's school. You can find your school's SARC here.


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Natural Food Markets and Delis:Sprouts Farmers Market
Sprouts Farmers Market11722 Marsh Lane #317Dallas,Texas
75229 214-350-0574 Map
In addition to offering a wide array of local and organic produce/products and thousands of wholesome groceries, this natural foods market also features full service bakery and meat/seafood departments, and an international bulk foods section. Additionally, they offer organic dairy products, all natural frozen and refrigerated items, gluten free beers, organic wines, special weekly sales, and health resources. Besides the freshly made items, the deli can also provide meals to go, holiday meals, and party trays. The store is open daily from 7 am until 10 pm.
Please note:
While we strive to keep our listings updated, we recommend that
you always call ahead to make sure the place you are visiting is
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text:
Secondhand Smoke and Lung Cancer Risk and Screening
I am a 37-year-old female non-smoker. Although I have never smoked, both my father (at age 51) and paternal grandmother (at age 72) died of lung cancer and smoked heavily. I was exposed to years of second-hand smoke, as I lived in the same house as my father for 12 years and he averaged 3-5 packs of cigarettes a day. Am I at high risk for developing lung cancer, and are there any screening tests, such as CT scans, that I should be getting as a precaution?
Anil Vachani, MD, Pulmonologist at Penn Medicine, responds:
The risk of developing lung cancer is highest in smokers and ex-smokers. This risk increases with increasing number of packs per day and greater total number of years one has smoked. Though the risk declines after tobacco cessation, it is still significantly higher compared to someone who is a life-long non-smoker. Approximately 85-90% of all lung cancer cases occur in current or former smokers. Exposure to secondhand smoke does raise the chance of lung cancer. However, this increase is !0only!1 about 20% greater than the risk of a non-smoker who has not been exposed to secondhand smoke. Therefore, your overall risk is still very low.
Unfortunately, there are no approved methods for lung cancer screening, and no medical organizations currently recommend screening for lung cancer in patients who do not have a personal significant history of smoking. CT screening in patients with heavy smoking histories can detect smaller tumors than x-rays can, and CT scans can actually improve overall survival, likely through earlier detection at which time lung cancer treatments are more effective. As with any screening test, however, there is always a possibility of the test detecting a lung abnormality that is not cancer. In fact, the majority of lung nodules found on screening CT scans are benign, but work-up for these nodules, including biopsies, can be associated with morbidity. Without you having a personal history of smoking, the risks of screening likely outweigh the benefits in your case.


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Senator to play key role in pushing for carbon tax over the next year
Paul Joseph Watson
Prison Planet.com
Tuesday, May 19, 2009
Former Presidential candidate and current U.S. Senator John Kerry is rumored to have attended the 2009 Bilderberg conference despite not appearing on the official guest list, suggesting he will play a prominent role in getting globalist-mandated legislation like carbon taxes passed over the course of the next year.
If Kerry was in attendance during the elitist confab at the Nafsika Astir Palace Hotel in Vouliagmeni, Greece then he was breaking federal law in the shape of the Logan Act, which forbids U.S. citizens from engaging in negotiations with foreign governments without express permission. Violation of the Logan Act is a felony, punishable under federal law with imprisonment of up to three years.
The leaked guest list already out and Kerry's name is not on it, but Bilderberg routinely omits key attendees from the official roster.
In an article headlined, Where in the world is Sen. Kerry?, the Foreign Policy.com website notes that, "Sen. John Kerry (D-MA), the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has been on foreign travel since Friday," adding that Hill staffers thought the details of the trip "seemed unusually hush-hush".
Kerry attended the World Economic Forum as well as a preparatory meeting in Rome in anticipation of the Copenhagen climate change negotiations to be held at the end of the year, which will be used to push an integral part of the globalist agenda – the carbon tax.
Kerry has played a central role in advocating the Obama administration's so-called cap-and-trade proposal, which will be the entrée for a tax on the life-giving gas that all humans exhale – carbon dioxide.
Essentially taxing us for breathing is a prime centerpiece of Bilderberg's feudalist agenda. This is why top oil company CEO's like British Petroleum's Peter Sutherland, who attended this year's meeting in Greece, have vowed during CFR, Trilateral Commission and Bilderberg meetings to exploit global warming fearmongering to ratchet up taxes and control over how westerners live their lives.
"Some Hill folk wondered whether Kerry might have also stopped in at the secret Bilderberg Group meeting being held in Athens," adds the Foreign Policy report. Chief counsel of the Foreign Relations committee Frank Lowestein denied that Kerry attended Bilderberg.
Kerry has some interesting ties to the secretive cabal, for it was Bilderberg that selected his running mate John Edwards during the 2004 election campaign.
Edwards gave a glowing speech at the conference in 2004 held in Stresa, Italy and Bilderberg attendees even broke house rules to applaud Edwards at the end of a speech he gave to the elitists about American politics.
The choice of Edwards was shocking to media pundits who had fully expected Dick Gephardt to secure the position. The New York Post even reported that Gephardt had been chosen and "Kerry-Gephardt" stickers were being placed on campaign vehicles before being removed when Edwards was announced as Kerry's number two.
This article was posted: Tuesday, May 19, 2009 at 5:03 am


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Shop RC Models is an e-shop for Radio Controlled Models and RC parts. With 30,000 product codes from all over the world, our target and purpose is to present you the largest RC Models catalog in Europe at the lowest prices.
Among our pages you will find electric and petrol powered model cars, aircrafts, helicopters and boats. You will also find all spare and optional parts for each model.
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Visa produkter i kategori Batterier dnano från online lagra Shop Rc Models. Modeller och avlägsen kontrollerade bilar från hela världen till bästa pris.
Contact Us | Terms of Use | Terms of Buying and Shipping | Privacy Statement | Links
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What the fuck is wrong with people? SERIOUSLY!?!? Bet he felt like a real tough guy tossing a toddler around like that. Scumbag!
Prison has a way if taking care of the pedophiles and child abusers. He will get what's coming to him. Maybe now the system will decide it's time to make some changes since the mother of this child asked for the help of the court as well as child protective services and in return the court awarded the father custody of the child 4 days a week and this is what happened.
Glens Falls child dies after assault


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- Languages ??spoken : English
- Youtube Id : -youtube_id-
- Original title : The Incredibles
- Movie Genre : Animation, Family,
- Status : Released
- Film Note : -movie_rating-
- Societies of production : Pixar Animation Studios
- Vote Count : 1489
- Tagline : No gut, no glory
- Release Date of film : 2004-11-04
- Average rate : 6.8
- Duration of movie : 115
- Craig T. Nelson Character (Bob Parr / Mr. Incredible (voice))
- Holly Hunter Character (Helen Parr / Elastigirl (voice))
- Samuel L. Jackson Character (Lucius Best / Frozone (voice))
- Jason Lee Character (Buddy Pine / Syndrome (voice))
- Dominique Louis Character (Bomb Voyage (voice))
- Teddy Newton Character (Newsreel Narrator (voice))
- Eli Fucile Character (Jack Jack Parr (voice))
- Maeve Andrews Character (Jack Jack Parr (voice))
- Spencer Fox Character (Dashiell 'Dash' Parr (voice))
- Sarah Vowell Character (Violet Parr (voice))
- Elizabeth Pea Character (Mirage (voice))
- Brad Bird Character (Edna 'E' Mode (voice))
- Jean Sincere Character (Mrs. Hogenson (voice))
- Wallace Shawn Character (Gilbert Huph (voice))
- Lou Romano Character (Bernie Kropp (voice))
- Wayne Canney Character (Principal (voice))
- Michael Bird Character (Tony Rydinger (voice))
- John Ratzenberger Character (The Underminer (voice))
- Kimberly Adair Clark Character (Honey (voice))
- Bud Luckey Character (Rick Dicker (voice))
- Pete Docter Character (Additional Voices (voice))
- Andrew Stanton Character (Additional Voices (voice))
- Bret 'Brook' Parker Character (Kari (voice))
The Incredibles Synopsis:
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Yes, now you can Watch The Incredibles Full Movie Streaming Online and get the link to The Incredibles Full Movie Online Streaming In HD Ici


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Available ebook formats: epub
Pastor Johnson F. Odesola is a seasoned minister of the gospel, an international conference speaker, and a prolific writer who has authored many titles. He is a member of the Governing Council of the Redeemed Christian Church of God, A.G.O, RCCG Ministry, the Special Assistant to the General Overseer, R.C.C.G, and the Pastor in Charge of the Region 1, The Redeemed Christian Church of God, Lagos.
He holds B.A. (Honours), London; MTH, Queens University, Belfast, PHD, Ashland University, PHD, TIU, and LLM, (UL).
He is a father and mentor to several ministers of the Lord Jesus Christ,


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photographing him photographing me by Karen Stockman
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Upcoming Ensembles
Use the filters below to search by month.
Box Office
Monday–Friday: 10 am–6 pm
Saturday: 1–6 pm
Phone: 603.646.2422
Email: email@example.com
Play & Sing at Dartmouth
If you are a singer or instrumentalist, consider participating in a Hop Ensemble.
Each year, the Hop presents the exceptional talents of Dartmouth students through performances by its seven ensembles, plus the Marching Band. A distinguished professional director leads each Ensemble and students often engage deeply with guest artists through residency programs. Ensemble repertoires range from baroque and classical to cutting edge world music and jazz—including the work of composers specially commissioned by the Hop.
Learn more:
- Barbary Coast Jazz Ensemble
- Dartmouth College Gospel Choir
- Dartmouth College Glee Club
- Handel Society of Dartmouth College
- Dartmouth College Wind Ensemble
- Dartmouth Symphony Orchestra
- Dartmouth College Marching Band
- Dartmouth Dance Ensemble


text:
Mirai Densetsu is wrong by saying that "America/Sao_Paulo" timezone does not exist and should be changed to "America/Brasilia".
This list is based on "Time Zone Database", maintained by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). The location part of the name, accordingly to the naming convention, uses the "most populous city in a region to represent the entire time zone, although other cities may be selected if they are more widely known or result in a less ambiguous name".
It does not strictly consider local political divisions, because they are subject to change more than names of large cities.
This suggestion does not proceed.


text: EPA Proposes to Clarify When Federal Water Permits are Required March 25, 2014 07:28 AM Tweet TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By Bloomberg Email The Obama administration proposed new rules to identify what waterways are subject to federal regulation, adopting a revision that has been opposed by farmers and builders. The Environmental Protection Agency said today the proposal will reduce confusion when bodies of water are designated as federal and then require U.S. permits for actions such as discharges or dredging that would impact the waterway. "It's become too difficult to determine what is and what isn't protected, and that's put wetlands, streams and other water bodies at risk," EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy said in a video posted on the agency's website. For decades, government officials and businesses have disputed the meaning of one phrase—the "waters of the United States"—in a 1972 law to combat water pollution. The proposal today seeks to clear up when a water body does fall under that definition, and when it doesn't. "The proposal will make fishing better, and anglers should support it," Chris Wood, chief executive officer of Trout Unlimited, said in a statement. "Restoring protections to these waters ensures healthy habitat for fish and a bright future for anglers." Back to news


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ESL Open Tutoring - Traverwood Branch AADL
Where: Traverwood Branch, Ann Arbor District Library (Community Room)
3333 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Description: Practice English in small groups working with volunteer tutors. All levels of English are welcome. It's helpful for learners to bring pens, paper, and a dictionary to group.
Offers TOEFL Prep.
No registration required - Join us!
Please be sure to show up at least 5 minutes prior to the start of the group.
Event Properties
|Event Date
|Mar 27, 2018 7:00 pm
|Event End Date
|Mar 27, 2018 8:30 pm
|Individual Price
|Traverwood Branch, Ann Arbor District Library


text: It's been about five years in the making, and now TMGH is complete. To indulge your kabbalistic needs: 7 polygons * 7 levels * 7 versions = 343 polygons. There's a little bit of everything: solid duels, massive deathmatches, off-the-wall KOTH, some innovative Ball games, and even a CTF map. It's been fun wrapping my head around the limitations I've imposed and now I'm pretty glad it's over. Take a look on simplici7y. For those of you whose maps I've reviewed in the last couple of years, now is your chance to repay the favor


text:
Friday, February 16, 2007
Our Bags Are Packed
We used our 5th and last snow day today. If we use anymore we will loose days from our April break. So I am on vacation a day early. We were open the last two days and they were stressful. I've driven in worse but ............
The hood of my bus is 5' off the ground so clearing heavy snow off is physically hard for me. My lights and wipers have had to be cleared constantly. The kids behavior is always worse when the weather is bad. Wednesday I managed to get my car stuck twice. I was able to rock it out both times......frustrating.
John spent over two hours shoveling and raking again today in a bitter wind. Just after he had pulled all the snow down on the kerosene tank the delivery truck showed up and he had to dig the tank out right then. All that was on the truck was 32 gallons so that was all we got. That put us back to 1/2 a tank so we're good for awhile but it was frustrating for John to work that hard and not get topped off. He also had to dig out the propane tank.
We only had to have the plow come once today. Our mail hasn't been delivered the last three days. The box is finally cleared to where they can get to it again. Our newspaper box is totally demolished we'll have to get them to give us a new one.
The snowblower is fixed but we can't have it back yet. It's actually been fixed since Tuesday but they won't let us have it back until Arien's authorizes the warranty payment. They finally told us today that it takes about a week to get authorization. Does this make sense to anybody else? They get to take a week to pay while we have to pay to have the driveway plowed 2 or 3 times a day? Another week of plowing bills and I could have bought a new snowblower!
We are planning to head south in the morning. The last I heard route 81 is closed in PA so it may be a longer trip than usual but by tomorrow night I should see grass! BJ is going to house sit for us and everything seems to be in good shape so I won't have to worry about anything. Hopefully Sunday I'll be sitting in the sun reading a good book!
4 comments:
Oh dear, it's no wonder you are ready for a vacation!! Have a safe trip and hopefully you can enjoy some nice sunshine and warmth:-) Take lots of pictures!!ReplyDelete
I'm glad you didn't have to drive yesterday with the vicious wind we had. It's been miserable for the past 2 days. Poor John, I hope he didn't catch cold being outside all those hours. Yes, moving the snow is a frustrating job. We're so lucky to have a tractor to do it with....a real blessing!ReplyDelete
Have a wonderful vacation. I hope you get some warmer weather.
Hopefully we won't have any more large quantities of snow before spring begins to creep in.
Oh, I am so sorry for you. All that snow is incredible. You are a wondeful person, to be able to drive a school bus in all that is one thing, but all those kids have been locked up because of the snow and they are half out of their minds, too!! Please have fun, do a little more than read a book, ok???!!ReplyDelete
Wow...snow is really hard work although it looks pretty on picture postcards. Drive safely on your vacation and I hope you find green grass somewhere not to awfully far away.ReplyDelete


text:
Description of 2619 Bayonne Street, Sullivans Island, SC 29482
Your best life begins with a home that inspires you. 2619 Bayonne is the most exceptional property ever to hit the market on Sullivan's Island. Live your Lowcountry dream on this coveted exclusive beach, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, Charleston harbor & skyline. Built in 2018 by Daly Sawyer Construction, this Beau Clowney masterpiece is wrought of steel and concrete with extra wide footers, mahogany doors, impact windows, copper roof, & warm entry pool. Clean lines & stunning ocean vistas enhance every room of the home, including the formal den, vast kitchen, great room, music room, & guest suites. The grand central kitchen offers Sub Zeros with custom shiplap, Namibia white marble, La Corneau range & hood. Lacquered ceilings, custom banquette, hand made tile, gas lanterns & more await. This incredible home has been expertly laid out, designed and decorated by Marshall Erb and is ready for its new owner to live their best life in the Charleston Lowcountry. Only 20 minutes from downtown Charleston's charms, Sullivan's Island offers serene beaches, quiet neighborhoods, famous kite-surfing, and incredible dining and shopping all within minutes. Floor plans, features sheet, additional information available upon request.
Property Features of 2619 Bayonne Street, Sullivans Island, SC 29482
Single Family Detached
Sullivans Island
Sullivan's Island
|Elementary school: Sullivans Island
|Middle school: Moultrie
|High school: Wando
|Woodburning fireplace(s)
|Fireplace in den
|Fireplace in family room
|Central air
|Electric heat
|Heat pump
|Attached parking
|Off street parking
|Storm windows
|Storm doors
|Screened porch
|Covered patio
|Inground pool
|Lot acreage is: 0.51
|Lawn sprinkler
|Lot has beach access
|Lot has beachfront
|Lot has ocean view
|Lot size: .51
|Subdivision: Sullivans Island
|Wet bar
|Ceramic tile flooring
|Eat-in kitchen
|Handicap features
|Marble floors
|Wood floors
|Kitchen island
|Living and dining room combo
|Separate dining room
|Walk-in closet(s)
|Metal roof
|Copper roof
|New construction
|Community tennis court(s)
Rooms & Dimensions
|Family Room
|Game room
|In-law quarters
|Laundry room
|Great Room
|Utility room


text:
Find Your Perfect Home.
Pittsford Real Estate
Pittsford is located in Michigan. Pittsford, Michigan has a population of 1,575. Pittsford is less family-centric than the surrounding county with 27.44% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 28.52%.
The median household income in Pittsford, Michigan is $42,330. The median household income for the surrounding county is $42,183 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Pittsford is 46.9 years.
Pittsford Weather
The average high temperature in July is 82.2 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 14.5 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 35.6 inches per year, with inches of snow per year.
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text:
I was reading about the early versions of submarine launch ballistic missiles and I encountered that in 50s the first soviet trials with scuds consisted of submarine rising above water. erecting the missile with a gyro stabilised platform to encounter sea motion and then launch it above water.
Combined with ship launched ballistic missiles this can be an alternative cheaper solution to gain second strike capability.


text:
Ben Affleck's big win
Date created : Latest update :
Judges at the Golden Globes take a shine to Ben Affleck, and Jodie Foster fesses up on a busy night at the start of the Hollywood awards season. Also on the show, Scottish rockers Biffy Clyro chat to Georja Calvin-Smith ahead of the release of their sixth album. And we take a look at why a cup of tea can be good for the soul.


text:
As the lackluster economy puts a stranglehold on state budgets and officials search for places to make cuts, one target of the ax is agriculture programs, including Extension.
Some were potentially draconian. Michigan was threatened with a 44 percent cut in funding for Extension and research stations after narrowly escaping elimination through line item vetoes. In October, however, the governor approved a budget that included the programs.
Ag economist Dave Schweikhardt, formerly at Mississippi State and now at Michigan State, says, "The bottom line is that state and local governments are a major contractionary force in the economy right now, because their only choice is to raise taxes or cut spending.
"We are going to see teachers, policemen, and firemen laid off all over the country in the next year. In many states, prisons and health care are eating the entire budget, and 100 percent of the cuts in government budgets must come from discretionary programs like higher education. This year, Michigan will spend more on prisons than on higher education, and I doubt ours is the only state where this is true."
It is beyond ironic, he notes, that "we may one day be telling our grandchildren that in this recession 'I paid more for a guy to sit in jail than I did for your father's education.'"
An agribusiness executive, who worked for many years in a Mid-South university system before moving to the private sector, told me in an e-mail, "From my perspective, the university system moved from production agriculture to environmental quality and horticulture.
"I had the opportunity to work with some of the most talented individuals in production agriculture, but in the university system opportunities for advancement were not very rewarding and many of them moved to the private sector.
"Instead of finding solutions for producers, the university employee must spend a great amount of time trying to find funding. Conversely, in the private sector, if you utilize your training and you perform, you are very well rewarded."
Many "highly respected experts" in university ag systems have been lost to the private sector, he notes — and others have been encouraged to retire early to help with budget crunches. "When mentors like these leave the university system, the young professionals can't develop to their full potential."
An Extension agent from a Southeast state wrote: "It is sad to see that the sour economy has so many Land Grant systems chasing research dollars at the expense of Extension budgets. The two must go hand in hand, but unfortunately the Land Grants that keep abandoning the Extension part of the mission are finding themselves more and more without an advocacy group to lobby for Extension dollars."
As agriculture has evolved, so has Extension. Some, however, question whether it has maintained its relevance.
Next week: Will Extension be the modern-day equivalent of the Pony Express?
e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Mini HDMI male to HDMI female adapter allows you to change a mini HDMI port in to a HDMI type A port.
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text:
You can always use the Index to find the documentation of functions. Try it. Click on the Index icon below. Then use the Find command of your browser to find ``endp'' in that document and follow the link. But remember to come back here.
The ACL2 documentation is also available via Emacs' TexInfo, allowing you to explore the hyperlinked documentation in the comfort of a text editor that can also interact with ACL2.
In addition, runtime images of ACL2 have the hyperlinked text as a large ACL2 data structure that can be explored with ACL2's :doc command. If you have ACL2 running, try the command :doc endp.
Another way to find out about ACL2 functions, if you have an ACL2
image available, is to use the command :
args which
prints the formals, type, and guard of a function symbol.
Of course, the ACL2 documentation can also be printed out as 700 page book. See the ACL2 Home Page to download the Postscript.
Now let's continue with


text:
Tana Field
Assistant Professor of Music
Telephone: 270.809.4395
Office: Price Doyle Fine Arts 545
An active performer, mezzo-soprano Tana Field has appeared as a featured soloist with the Paducah Symphony Orchestra, Cincinnati Baroque Ensemble, the Lebanon Symphony and Chorus, Musica Sacra of Cincinnati, the Northern Kentucky Community Chorus, the Wright State University Choruses, and the Opera Theatre and Music Festival of Lucca, Italy.
Ms. Field's operatic roles include: The Mother in Amahl and the Night Visitors, Dorabella in Così fan tutte, Mrs. Grose in The Turn of the Screw, Anna Maurrant in Street Scene, Florence Pike in Albert Herring, Nancy in A Hand of Bridge, La Ciesca in Gianni Schicchi, La Badessa and Suor Zelatrice in Suor Angelica, and Mother Abbess in The Sound of Music. She also created the roles of Rosa Stein in Cathy Lesser-Mansfield's The Sparks Fly Upward and Bluma Gebirtig in Joel Hoffman's The Memory Game.
She has received many honors including the Mu Phi Epsilon Foundation's Brena Hazzard and Sarah Eikenberry Voice awards. She was a semi-finalist in the National Orpheus Vocal Competition and a two-time finalist in the Regional Artists Competition of the Milwaukee Bel Canto Chorus. In 2011, Ms. Field was one of 12 voice teachers chosen for the prestigious National Association of Teachers of Singing Intern Program.
Ms. Field earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in music summa cum laude from Luther College and a Master of Music and Doctorate of Musical Arts in voice performance from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music. She is a former member of the voice faculty at Luther College.


text:
I'm a student at Georgetown Law looking for a sublet for the summer. I'll be in New York from May 22nd to July 25th, approximately. I'm hoping for a studio or a situation with few roommates, but am open to different possibilities.
A little about me - I am friendly and social, but also like my space and quiet time (especially given big law summer hours). I'm also very clean and respectful of others' space and privacy.
Looking for summer sublet - New York
(housing, friendships, future exams, all things 2016)
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text:
Find Your Perfect Home.
Conklin Real Estate
Conklin is located in Michigan. Conklin, Michigan has a population of 2,170. Conklin is less family-centric than the surrounding county with 30.37% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 37.24%.
The median household income in Conklin, Michigan is $67,500. The median household income for the surrounding county is $58,160 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Conklin is 45.5 years.
Conklin Weather
The average high temperature in July is 79.4 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 18.4 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 36.1 inches per year, with inches of snow per year.
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text:
It's been a long time, I think about eight weeks, since our last look at the epistle of James and we're going back tonight. Chapter 5 verse 12, James writes this very direct and simple and clear statement, "But above all, my brethren, do not swear either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath but let your yes be yes and your no, no--so that you may not fall under judgment."
Think back to your childhood. When you were a kid did you ever try to convince somebody you were really telling the truth? Did you ever say, "I swear to God?" How about this one, "I swear on a stack of Bibles," you said it, sure you did. How about this one, "Cross my heart, hope to die, stick a needle in my eye," I said that a few times.
Promising things and wanting people to believe we were really telling the truth sometimes demanded that we swear because they were not used to us telling the truth. And all of that kind of swearing and giving oaths is really a device of man based upon his basic dishonesty. We invent those oaths and even in some cases curses imposed upon ourselves before God if we lie because basically we have learned that man can't be trusted to keep his word. Sometimes it's as simple as those silly childlike oaths, or sometimes it's as complex as things like swearing to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help you God, which we're required to say in a court of law.
Those kinds of oaths were a part of the culture of biblical times and they're still with us. I recently found some interesting oaths in a book I was reading and let me give you just a few of them that comes from...that come, rather, from one particular group that we're very familiar with. This is what one must say to belong. "Binding myself under no less a penalty than that of having my throat cut, my tongue torn out by its roots, and buried in the rough sands of the sea at low water mark where the tide ebbs and flows twice in twenty-four hours should I ever knowingly or willingly violate this my solemn oath and obligation as an entered apprentice Mason, so help me, God, and keep me steadfast in the due performance of the same. Binding myself under no less a penalty than that of having my left breast torn open, my heart plucked out and given as a prey to the wild beasts of the field and the fowls of the air, binding myself under no less a penalty than that of having my body severed in twain, my bowels taken from thence and burned to ashes, the ashes scattered to the four winds of heaven so that no more trace or remembrance may be had of so vile and perjured a wretch as I, should I ever knowingly or willingly violate this my solemn obligation as a Master Mason, so help me, God, and keep me steadfast in the due performance of the same."
It's incredible, isn't it? You just swore before God to kill yourself if you ever violated the vow you took to be a Mason. Why do the Masons make people who want to come into that organization take such an incredible vow...a vow of suicide? Can't they just say, "Will you keep your promise to be a Mason?" and receive a simple yes?
Now, you see they understand what everybody understands and that is that people are basically inveterate liars. After all, unregenerate humanity is designated in Scripture as the children of the devil and the devil is the father of...what?...of lies. And men will go to unbelievable extremes to try to bind someone to the truth. The fact is that all such extremes are predicated on man's basic dishonesty.
And I'll tell you something else, oaths don't change his heart. In fact, I sometimes think that the more passionately a person swears to tell the truth, the more revealing it is about their lack of credibility.
The issue of oaths and the issue of swearing was a major part of ancient life. It had become an issue in the church, significantly in the church to which James writes because it was so much a part of historic Jewish culture. The Jews were into oaths. And when some of them came to name the name of Jesus Christ, they brought their oathing system right along with them into the church. And James says in verse 12, "Above all, my brethren," the Greek says "stop swearing." Stop that system. It is unnecessary. It should be superfluous. Your speech should always be so honest, you should have such integrity and credibility that all that people ever want is a yes or a no, and they never would ask for more because your word they know to be your bond. That's the way it ought to be in the church...where we speak a word and everyone knows that is absolutely true and we will stand behind that word.
Of course, we live in a world of lies. It seems as though the whole of our system is built on lies. And if everybody started telling the truth, our system would disintegrate. It's all built on lies. And, of course, that's because it reflects its father who is Satan. And in general what James is saying is...Please be different, please be a people whose simple yes and simple no is enough...enough.
Now in calling for that distinctiveness in the church, James gives us four features in this command. We'll call them the distinction, the restriction, the instruction and the motivation. Let's look, first of all, at the distinction.
There is a distinctiveness in this command and it comes in that very first statement, "But above all, my brethren." Now that takes this particular exhortation out from among the others and sets it in the primary place. It's very interesting that he says "above all, stop swearing," as if this were the most important thing that he has mentioned. It's a very, very significant beginning and has some crucial implications.
The word "but" provides a transition. It can refer to a contrast which is within the same subject but there is no contrast here between the subject of verse 11 and the subject of verse 12 so we take it that it's not used in a contrasting way but that it perhaps would be better translated by the word "now," or the word "and," transitioning to a whole new subject. Sometimes the word de is left untranslated in English, the Greek reader knows that it means he is now moving to a new subject.
So because there is no contrast here between the subject of verses 7 through 11 and verse 12, there is not the same theme but a different one, we assume that we would be best to translate it "now" as he moves on to the next subject. There is obviously some connection in his thinking. At the end of verse 12 he talks about judgment and he talked about that same judgment in verse 9. And so it may have been the judgment thought in verse 9 that triggered the new subject of verse 12, but it is indeed a new subject and only for one verse. And most paragraphing will give you the indication that verse 12 is a paragraph, a thought unto itself that stands alone.
And so we assume then that James has moved to a new theme. It's the beginning of several new themes that he wants to speak to as he closes out this epistle in a fashion that's somewhat common to the New Testament writers. Coming to the very end he wants to give a final wrap up and touch some very important related issues. This one has to do with the subject of swearing. And in verse 13 he will go on to another subject.
Because it occupies only one verse, the assumption might be that it's not that important, and so James waylays that thought by saying "above all...above all things," pro panton. above or beyond all other considerations. Herein is the distinction of this command. It is a command with priority, it is a command with preeminence.
Now we shouldn't be surprised at that because it's related to the subject of speech, isn't it? It's related to the subject of speech and if you've been with us in our study of James you know that James has dealt with speech in every chapter. May I review briefly?
Go back to chapter 1 verse 26. "If anyone thinks himself to be religious and yet does not bridle his tongue, but deceives his own heart, this man's religion is worthless." The word "religion" is a term used to refer to the outward liturgy and ceremony of religion. And he is saying you may go through some outward motions but if you do not bridle your tongue, you give evidence of an unchanged heart...the heart has not been transformed.
And then again in chapter 2 you'll notice verse 12, "So speak and so act as those who are to be judged by the law of liberty." In other words, give evidence of your spiritual liberation in Christ through the way you speak as well as the way you act.
And then, of course, we need not speak of chapter 3 but to call your attention to verses 2 through 11, the lengthy passage on the tongue which we have studied in great detail.
We come to chapter 4 and verse 11 and you will remember our look at that verse, "Do not speak against one another, brothers, he who speaks against a brother or judges his brother speaks against the law and judges the law. If you judge the law you're not a doer of the law but a judge of it."
And now we come to chapter 5 verse 12 and again he refers to our speech. And so we're not surprised that he says "above all things," because it is of grave concern to James how we speak since it is a manifestation of what is in our hearts. It is a test of living faith.
All through this epistle James is giving tests of living faith. One such test is our speech. Our speech should reflect and will reflect our hearts. And where the Spirit of God has transformed the heart, there will be honest speech. And that's the essence of what he wants to say in chapter 5 verse 12.
True believers can be tested by their speech. It's a vital point of spiritual reality. It's also a vital point of spiritual control. It is an indicator of our spiritual state...the tongue. So when he uses the phrase "above all," or we could translate it, "especially," it is because he wants us to remember that the most revealing...the most revealing bodily member as to the reality of our spiritual state is our...what?...it's our tongue. We sin more with our tongue than any other way...than any other way. You can't do everything but you can say anything. Sin is more manifest out of the mouth than any other way, and Jesus says, "Out of the mouth the heart...what?...speaks."
The phrase "my brethren" I find to be encouraging. He doesn't condescend to them, he identifies with them. It indicates that James had compassion for them as one who also needed to guard his own mouth and speak truth. They had a common spiritual life that called for a common kind of speech that honored God. You see, the heart is the storehouse and the mouth tells you what you have stored there.
So we're not surprised that James says "especially," another word about the tongue, for therein do we sin most readily as far as people are concerned...though obviously secretly we can sin even more in the heart. From the standpoint of social contact, the mouth is our greatest offender.
And so, we're back then to a very familiar subject and one which we need constant exhortation on and that is how we speak. From the distinction, James moves to the restriction, and it's very, very important that we understand it. This is it. "Stop swearing, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath." Stop at that point.
That's the restriction. He focuses on that single issue of swearing. Now when we think of the word "swearing," if you're like I am, you think of all kinds of illicit speech. You might think of what Paul in writing to the Ephesians in chapter 4 verse 29 calls "filthy communication." You might think of dirty talk, double entendre kind of talk, filthy puns, four-letter words. You might think of gross, uncouth talk. That would be in the category that we might call profanity. It's a little different than this. He's not talking here about dirty talk, filthy talk, talk with double meaning. He's not talking about uncouth kind of gross, as the term today would be taught. He's talking here about a very specific kind of speech that the Bible calls swearing. And it has to do with oaths.
There's a lot of it in our speech today...people taking the Lord's name in vain, God this, God that, Christ this, Jesus Christ that. You hear it all the time. Those are really oaths. I grew up being forbidden to use what my parents called minced oaths, that is substituting a word for another word, such as gad for God, or crimeiny for Christ. And although the speaker may not have had that in mind, it may just be force of habit. Some are greatly offended by that because they see it as a substitute word for taking the name of God in vain. I hear people say, "geez," do you ever hear people say that? Boy, if I ever said that in my house, I'd be knocked silly. I mean, we just weren't allowed to say that.
Misuse of the name of God, profaning the name of God, blaspheming the name of God, dragging down the name of God, invoking the name of God illegitimately, all of that is, in a sense, related to the kind of swearing that James has in mind. But it's a very specific thing that he's after here that was a part of that Jewish culture. May I add to you that it wasn't only Jewish, it also belonged in the Greek culture. Have you ever heard anybody say, "By Jove," have you heard that? Jove was a Greek god and when the Greeks wanted to swear they swore by Zeus or by Jove, or by somebody...J-o-v-e.
But among the Jews there had developed a very complex system of swearing. And it came into church life with these Jewish believers. Now let's talk about where it originated, all right? I'm going to give you a little bit of a...the theology of swearing. Where did it come from?
Well the oath, the word "oath" in the Hebrew is the word shebuah, it means "to swear." The Greeks used the word horkos which means to bind or strengthen. In other words, you strengthen your word by swearing by some higher authority. And an oath or swearing had three parts. It was a testing to the truth, calling for God to witness and, thirdly, invoking God's punishment if you violated your word. To say "I swear to God" meant I want you to know I'm telling the truth, I want God to witness I'm telling the truth and I want God to punish me if I'm not telling the truth. Very serious. You're invoking the curse of God on you if you lie in an effort to try to convince somebody that you're really telling the truth.
And in those days when there weren't contracts and there weren't the binding kinds of authoritative documents and court rooms to enforce them and all of that like there are today, it was very important that people be trusted. And if a person said, "Look, I promise you I will hold your money." And the guy said, "Boy, I hope you do it, I want you to swear to do it." "I swear by God, may God strike me dead if I don't." That was a way in which you bound your conscience to do what you were supposed to do. Now believe me, it was a solemn thing to call God to witness and invoke the judgment of God on you if you defaulted.
Now, frankly, those kinds of oaths were common in the Old Testament. I'm not going to take time because it could take us a full evening just to track it all down. But if you study the Old Testament you will find many of the men and women of God who bound themselves by oaths before God. The Scripture does not tell us that all of it is wrong, only when it is misused and abused, as we shall see in a moment. It's very much like the commandment that says, "Thou shalt not kill." We understand that but we also understand that God designed capital punishment and God said, "By whom man's blood is shed...rather, who sheds man's blood, by him shall man's blood be shed." In other words, if you kill somebody, you pay with your life. Jesus said it. He said, "If you live by the sword, you die by it." In other words, he said, "Peter, you kill somebody and they have every right to take your life." That's capital punishment. And the Bible also indicates that God advocated that Israel's army take the life of enemies to the Kingdom of God.
So we understand also in Romans 13 that those who are the police and the army who protect the righteous are not bearing the sword for nothing. They have a right to use it, to take a life in defense of what is right.
So we understand "thou shalt not kill" then in a context. It means to illegitimately take a life without justification given by God. So in the Old Testament there were some oaths which were taken by men of God. In Genesis 24 verses 2 and 3, Abraham swore before God to keep his word. In Genesis 26:26 to 31, Isaac did the same. In Genesis 31:44 to 50 Jacob did the same. In 2 Samuel 19:23 David did. In 2 Chronicles 15 verses 14 and 15, Israel...and also in Nehemiah 10:29, as a people vowed before God. In 2 Corinthians 11:31 Paul himself took a vow before God, a vow of integrity that he would do what he said. You even have in the Old Testament occasions when God called for this. Let me just share a couple of scriptures. Exodus 22 and verse...I think it's verse 11, yes, verse 10 says, "If a man give his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep or any animal to keep for him and it dies or is hurt or is driven away while no one is looking, an oath before the Lord shall be made by the two of them that he has not laid hands on his neighbor's property and its owner shall accept it and he shall not make restitution."
In other words, if you give an animal to someone and do to no fault of that someone the animal is lost, you have to swear before God that you'll require nothing back from that man. And there is God actually instituting an oath.
In Numbers chapter 5 and another occasion in verse 19, we read, "And the priests shall have her take an oath and shall say to the woman, `If no man has lain with you and if you have not gone astray into uncleanness being under the authority of your husband, be immune to this water of bitterness that brings a curse." An accused woman could take an oath before God and so forth.
Now those are just a couple of illustrations. One more might be helpful. It's in the sixth of Deuteronomy and verse 13, "You shall fear only the Lord your God...listen to this...and you shall worship Him and swear by His name." Now listen, here is the real issue. All those oaths in the Old Testament that were legitimate were men at very solemn occasions, not every day and not every week and not every month, but at very solemn occasions in their life, wanting to confirm their word to people who basically didn't trust other people. They invoked the name of God as a witness to the truthfulness of their word and to stand in judgment on them should they not uphold it. And God says in Deuteronomy 6:13, "If you ever do swear, swear by My name."
The Old Testament also gives us some tremendous illustrations of people...do you remember?...who took very, very rash vows. Do you remember that? And swore before God to do certain things and then had to live with the ridiculous consequence of their vow. Now a legitimate Old Testament vow then was for a very solemn occasion and invoked the name of God and the name of God alone. And God demanded that when such a vow was made there be complete honesty, or indeed if God's name had been invoked, He had a right to respond.
In Numbers 30 verse 2, "If a man makes a vow to the Lord or takes an oath to bind himself with a binding obligation, he shall not violate his word, he shall do according to all that proceeds out of his mouth." So if you vow, you keep your vow. In the next verse it speaks of a woman doing the same. Man or woman, you make a vow in order to prove your truthfulness, you invoke the name of God, you are bound to keep that vow. You better be serious. If you broke it, you have violated the third command, "Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God...what?...in vain." You don't throw God's name around flippantly. You don't invoke the name of God to bind yourself to truthfulness to convince someone else you're telling the truth and then violate that vow.
Can you imagine that if in your heart you were really a dishonest person and in the Jewish society someone came to you and entrusted with you some kind of thing, made some kind of arrangement with you, some contract, some relationship and you said, "I swear before God that I will keep my word," because that person understands the seriousness of that vow, they would take your word for it and entrust whatever it was to you. And if you were dishonest with the name of God, you could easily get what you wanted, abscond with whatever it was and violate your vow. And Scripture says you better not do that. That is a serious violation of the law of God.
God knew that men were liars, of course. God allowed them on those special occasions to swear to truthfulness and invoke His witness and His punishment if they broke it. And then God said you had better not do it in vain. You better not use My name and then violate it. Very serious.
And so, in a sense the Old Testament acknowledges that in a world full of liars there are times when an oath is necessary. In fact, even God Himself adopts that means of convincing skeptical unbelieving men of His own truthfulness and we read in Hebrews 6:13, "For when God made promise to Abraham because He could swear by no greater...I love this...He swore by Himself." And what was the phrase God used over and over in the Old Testament? "As I live, saith the Lord." That is God swearing by Himself. "As I live, saith the Lord."
In Acts 2 verses 20 and 23, Peter refers to an oath God made before David. God made a covenant and an oath and a promise with Abraham. Read Genesis 15, then again Genesis 22:16. In the New Testament even it's the first chapter of Luke in verse 73, it says, "The oath which God swore to Abraham." So God swore by Himself because there was no greater.
You say, "Why did God do that? In order that He would be bound to keep His word?" No. Because He condescended to men who were liars and used a means that they understood to bind Himself to truth in their eyes so they would know He was serious about what He said. God made oaths not because He needed to, but because He knew how man depended on it. He condescended in grace to set an example of integrity on their terms. God took oaths on several occasions. Genesis 9 He took an oath never again to destroy the world by water. In Luke 1 He took an oath to send a Redeemer. In Psalm 16 verse 10 He took an oath to raise His Son from the dead. In Isaiah 49, read that, verses 15 to 18, God took an oath to bless and preserve the nation Israel. Wonderful. He did it not because He needed something to hold Himself to truth, but He wanted men to understand what an oath meant and how it was to be kept.
Do you remember Matthew 26? Listen to verse 63 and 64, "But Jesus kept silent. The high priest said to Him, `I adjure You by the living God that You tell us whether You are Christ the Son of God.' And Jesus said to him, `You have said it.'" In other words, Jesus took an oath by the living God and spoke the truth. When called to say the truth before the living God, He took the oath.
So we conclude then from this and had we time we could look at many other passages. I'm thinking of 2 Corinthians 1...I think it's verse 23 where Paul says, "I call God as witness to my soul," and then goes on to say that to spare you I came no more to Corinth and so forth. So Paul took those kind of oaths.
We conclude then that at a serious point in time, a serious moment, invoking the name of God to affirm your truthfulness was allowed. All oaths were only for serious occasions and only in the name of God. And they were to be kept. They were to be kept.
Psalm 15 verses 1 and 4 says, "Who may abide in Thy tent? Who may dwell on Thy holy hill?" And it gives a list of qualifications of the godly and one of them is this, "He who swears to his own hurt and does not change." In other words, he keeps his word even if it brings his own pain. And it says in Exodus 20 God will not hold him guiltless who takes His name...what?...in vain.
If on some serious occasion when you sit in a courtroom and they say, "Tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help you God," you better do that. If you stand at the altar and commit yourself to that partner for life and you say, "I promise before God and these witnesses to be your loving and faithful husband in plenty and in want, in sickness and in health, in joy and in sorrow as long as we both shall live," and you have invoked the name of God, you better keep that vow. That is a serious occasion that calls for the invoking of God's name.
Well what in the world is James talking about? Look back at verse 12. I don't know where you are in your Bible but go back to James 5. I got a little wound up there. He says, "Above all, my brethren, do not swear..." notice what he doesn't say, in the name of the Lord, he doesn't say that, does he? That's not forbidden. He says, "Do not swear by heaven or by earth or with any other, allos, any other of that kind of oath." Well what in the world does that mean? Well what is he prohibiting here? What does he have in mind?
To understand this, let's go back to the source of James' teaching, Matthew chapter 5...Matthew chapter 5 and verse 33. Now here on the Sermon on the Mount our Lord is confronting the Jews as to their sinfulness. It's the greatest evangelistic sermon I think ever recorded in Scripture. He is literally slicing up into little pieces their supposed spirituality. He is disintegrating their self-confidence and their hope of self-righteousness. And one of the things that He speaks to them about is this matter of swearing or making oaths. Verse 33, "Again, you have heard that the ancients were told," now that is a formula for rabbinic teaching and tradition, that's not referring to the Old Testament, that's referring to rabbinic tradition. In other words, your tradition says, "You shall not make false vows but shall fulfill your vows to the Lord." That's what their tradition said. And, boy, that sounds so good, but there's something hidden in it. "Fulfill your vows to the Lord." Ahh, there's the point. If I make a vow and I swear to something other than the Lord, I can break it. See. That's how liars think. You've done it, you didn't keep your word and you say, "Yeah, but my vow didn't count, I had my fingers crossed." You see, if you want to lie but you want to convince people you're telling the truth, then you make a vow. It may be a vow to cut your throat, rip your chest open, take your heart out, pull your tongue out and bury it at low tide, all of that stuff.
Now the Jews figured, "Well fulfill your vows to the Lord," so in daily conversation they swear by heaven, "I swear by heaven." I heard a man on television the other night say, "I swear by my children." I've heard people say, "I swear by everything that I possess." Well the Jews say, "I swear by Jerusalem...I swear by the temple...I swear by the altar in the temple...I swear by the veil...I swear by my own head." That was evasive swearing. It was intended to hide their lying hearts.
Go over to Matthew 23 for a moment. And in Matthew 23 and verse 16 Jesus in this diatribe against the Pharisees and religious leaders who were hypocrites says, "Woe to you blind guides who say, `Whoever swears by the temple, that is nothing, that doesn't count, that's King's X. Whoever swears by the gold of the temple, he's obligated.'" Well now who ever made that distinction? "You fools and blind men, which is more important, the gold or the temple that sanctified the gold? And whoever swears by the altar, that is nothing. But whoever swears by the offering on the altar, he's obligated. You blind men, which is more important, the offering on the...or the altar that sanctifies the offering? Therefore he who swears swears both by the altar by everything on it. He who swears by the temple swears both by the temple and by Him who dwells...what?...in it. And he who swears by heaven swears both by the throne of God and Him who sits on it." Boy, you better stay away from the temple all together. You're getting too close to God.
But, you see, the Jew wanted the person that he was about to defraud to believe him, so he swore by the temple, or he swore by the gold in the temple, or he swore by the altar, or he swore by Jerusalem, or some such thing. Now go back to Matthew 5 and we'll pick that up. Verse 34, "I say to you, make no oath at all either by heaven for it is the throne of God, or by the earth for it is the footstool of His feet, or by Jerusalem for it is the city of the great King, nor shall you make an oath by your head for you can't make one hair white or black...you don't control your own head...but let your statement be yes, yes, or no, no, and anything beyond these is of the evil one." This is evasive swearing.
They had this incredible way of meandering all over everywhere getting close to things that related to God and thinking because they swore by heaven, by earth, by the temple, by whatever that they could break it cause they didn't use the name of God. And God says you touch anything and you swear and you've touched Me. It's very much like saying, "I swear on a stack of Bibles," and walking away and saying, "I don't have to keep that promise I didn't swear on the name of God."
You see, their thinking was so perverted. It was the idea that if God's name was used then God became a partner in the transaction. Whereas if God's name was not used, then God had nothing to do with it. And Jesus is saying you bring God in to that transaction when you swear by anything that touches His dominion. The heaven is His throne. The earth is His footstool. Jerusalem is His city. A man's head belongs to Him, not the man. Nothing in the world you can touch that doesn't belong to God.
So, the Lord says, "Look, stop making those oaths by all those things." It became a matter of daily court. They made them all the time. Read Thompson's book Land of the Bible and you'll read a whole lot of the typical routine daily vows that Jews were accustomed to make in order to get people to believe they were telling the truth when the truth was they weren't. They weren't. That's the restriction.
There are times when invoking the name of God in a covenant is good and it is always binding. I stood before the Lord one day and vowed to preach faithfully His Word at an ordination. That was a solemn occasion. And to this day I stand, as it were, under the judgment of God if I default. I stood at an altar one day and promised before the living God my commitment to my wife, Patricia, and I stand under a just judgment of God should I break that vow. That's the restriction. Don't make foolish vows invoking the name of God. Now how foolish is it when people just say "for God's sake this," and "for Christ's sake that," and throw the name around as if it meant nothing?
Well from the restriction comes the instruction and it's really the flip side of the restriction. Again in James chapter 5 turning it around the other way he simply says, "But let your yes be yes and your no, no." What does that mean? It's enough if you say yes, it's enough if you say no. Simple, straightforward, honest speech and he's really just reiterating what Jesus said, as I read you a moment ago, anything beyond that is from the evil one. Why does it say that? Because the evil one is the source of lies.
Jesus, you see, lifted all conversation in His church to the level of sacredness. Everything I say out of my mouth should be a promise of truth that will never be violated. You should have such integrity that it's enough for people to hear you say yes one time and know you'll never violate your word, or no one time. Everything you say, everything you say, simple, straightforward, honest speech. Can we speak the truth in every situation? That will set us apart from the world, will it not? The world, I say it again, the system is built on lies. The church must be different.
And finally, the motivation. What's the motivation? Verse 12 says, "So that...consequence here...you may not fall under...what?...judgment." Now listen to this, what does he mean by that? What does he mean? Well it's another way of saying the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes His name in vain, Exodus 20 verse 7. Jesus called for judgment on the Pharisees in Matthew 22, He said, "Woe unto you," and then He went through chapter 23 telling them why and part of it, as I just read, was because of their lying oaths.
But what does he mean here? Is he talking about chastening of a Christian? Is he saying if you do this you're going to get chastened?
Well I may have thought that that was what he had in mind until I took the word "judgment" and began to study it. It's the word krisis from which we get the word "crisis." It basically means a point of decision. In the New Testament, and I looked up every single usage in the New Testament in the Greek text, it always refers to the decision of the judge who passes sentence. It is never used of chastening a believer. The word for "discipline," or "chastening," is paideuo, paideos, the root word having to do with training a child. It is never used of the judgment of believers, that's a word bema that we find in Paul's letter to the Corinthians. This word in every single usage refers to the decision of the judge to pass sentence, a penal sentence. If fact, James only uses it in one other place, chapter 2 and verse 13, and it's a good parallel. Here it says judgment or the verdict of the judge will be merciless to one who has shown no mercy. And there it's talking about the merciless condemning sentencing to hell that God will render to those who have demonstrated no mercy and therefore demonstrated an unchanged heart.
It is always used with reference to the final penal sentencing. Peter used it for condemning sentence on sinners at the day of judgment, 2 Peter 2 verses 4, 9 and 11. John uses it for the day of final judgment, sentencing men to hell, 1 John 4:17. Jude uses it to refer to the sentence that falls on sinners in the judgment of what he calls "that great day," Jude 6, Jude 9 and again, I think, in verse 15. The writer of Hebrews uses it twice, both times referring to the terrifying final judgment of God on sinners, chapter 9 verse 27, chapter 10 verse 27. Paul uses it twice and both times it relates to righteous sentencing of sinners to hell by God, once in 2 Thessalonians 1:5 and again in 1 Timothy chapter 5. Luke uses it once in Acts with reference to the lack of a fair sentence given to Jesus Christ in His trial, Acts 8:23. John uses it over and over again particularly in chapter 5 for the judgment of the ungodly world. And the gospels use it 25 times, always with the idea of passing final sentence.
You say, "What does that mean?" It means, beloved, that James is saying this, and listen carefully, don't be continuing to blaspheme God's holy name by your lying oaths or you will be sentenced by God to hell. That's what it says. It's a warning about hell...very strong. Back in that passage which speaks so devastatingly to the Pharisees and the religious leaders where Jesus condemns them in Matthew 23 for their swearing, He concludes it in verse 33 by saying, "You serpents, you brood of vipers, how shall you escape the sentence of hell?" That's the idea.
You say, "Well why in the world is James saying this to a church?" Because, beloved, it's the same thing we've seen from the beginning to the end of James. These are all tests of...what?...living faith. Look at your life. If your life is characterized by a pattern of lying, if you are constantly invoking God's name directly or indirectly through oaths to convince people you are telling the truth, when your heart is filled with lies, then you give evidence of an unregenerate heart and you're sentenced to hell.
Do the inventory. James has been saying it all along. Look at your life, chapter 1, how do you respond to trials? How do you respond to temptation? How do you respond to the Word of God? Look at chapter 2, how do you respond to the poor? Is your life filled with works or is your faith a dead claim? Look at chapter 3, what's your speech like? A sweet fountain can't bring forth bitter water. It's just a long series of tests of living faith and here's another one. And he's saying, in effect, if you look at your life and it's a continual invoking of the name of God to cover your lies, you give evidence of an untransformed heart. I'll say it again. Your heart is a storehouse and your mouth will tell us what is stored there. That's the issue.
To bring that in to even more clear focus, to conclude tonight, open to Revelation chapter 21. In Revelation chapter 21 we read in verse 8, well we ought to back up to verse 7, here the Scripture says, and, of course, this is Christ, the alpha and the omega, "He who overcomes shall inherit these things and I will be his God and he will be My son. He who overcomes, and what is it that overcomes? Even our faith in Christ, but...verse 8...for the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and immoral persons and sorcerers and idolaters and all...what...liars, their part will be in the lake that burns with fire and brimstone which is the second death."
And just in case someone may miss that, go to verse 27. And he's speaking about heaven here and who will enter, and he says in verse 27, "Nothing unclean and no one who practices abomination and lying shall ever come into it, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb's Book of Life."
Now listen, listen very carefully. One more time, chapter 22 verse 15, outside...outside the Kingdom, outside heaven are the dogs and the sorcerers and the immoral persons and the murderers and the idolaters and everyone who loves and practices...what?...lying. Saying the same thing.
Now, beloved, listen to me. This doesn't mean that in our entire life we'll never say anything that isn't absolutely true because James also said the one who has perfect control of his tongue, chapter 3, the same is a perfect man. We will err with our tongue. There are times when we will speak untruth, but it is not the way of our hearts, is not the unbroken pattern of our lives, it is the exception rather than the rule. God is truth. God cannot lie. And we who are His children reflect His nature, is that not so? We love truth. We speak truth. James again is giving us this rich clear characterization. If your life is marked by swearing, invoking the name of God to convince people you speak truth when your heart is filled with lies, and that's the pattern, you stand ready to be sentenced to hell and you will never enter the Kingdom of God. On the other hand, when the Lord Jesus Christ comes into our lives and totally makes us new, there is the love of truth and the pattern of a believer is a pattern of truth...not a perfect life with no lie, no untruth but that is the exception, not the rule.
And so, James consistent with the pattern of the whole epistle calls us to look into our hearts and see if we have a living faith. Let's bow together in prayer.
Take just a few moments silently in your own heart, ask the Spirit of God to point out areas of your life where this might apply, ask Him to seal the truth of God's Word to your heart that you might be able to use it wisely among those who need to much to speak truth, the truth that comes through faith in Christ. Just a few moments in silent prayer.
Father, we ask that You might cause us to speak truth. May there never be a question about our integrity, may it be that our yes is yes, our no is no and everything we say reflects a transformed heart. Fill our mouths with Your words that we may speak as Christ spoke with complete honesty. May we be trustworthy.
Father, I pray for those with us tonight who may be struggling, looking now and through the eyes of this passage they see a life of untruth, a life of lies, patterns of deception, promising that they're speaking the truth when they're living a lie, trying to cover their sin. Father, may they see that they stand in danger of eternal judgment. Awaken their hearts to the Lord Jesus Christ. The prayer that all of us should have is that we might be like Him, that we might speak as He spoke, the wonderful Christ in whose name we pray. Amen.
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