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In Karate, we usually concentrate on learning to generate power. We talk about one inch punches and devastating striking power.
But of equal, if not greater importance, is developing control -- the ability to accurately control where and how hard we hit. From a self defense perspective, we have to be able to use the level of power that is appropriate for the situation. Defending against a knife weilding attacker is different than defending against an unruly child, and the power we would use would differ accordingly.
It is especially important for us to develop control in the context of our dojo training. We must be careful not to injure our training partners. Otherwise, we would soon run out of partners. An uke is defenseless and must rely on the nage's control.
Therefore, it is important to practice control. Examples of this include striking pieces of paper and cloth. In one school I attended, we would attach a sheet of paper to the wall with a single piece of tape at the top. We would practice striking the paper to make it fly off the wall. Of course, you have to be very careful. We would often hit the wall and hurt our knuckles.
I also used to practice kicking clothes pins. I would put a couple of dozen clothes pins on the line, and go down the line kicking each one. At one point, I could pretty accurately kick a person's ear lobes... really.
With proper control training, it is possible to control the depth of a strike: to hit the skin, flesh, or even the bones. We used to say that we should practice hitting people lightly and practice hitting the makiwara and heavy bag hard.
When we are the sensei, out students might be reluctant to complain when we hit them a bit too hard. It is especially important for instructors and assistants to be aware of how hard and where they strike students and to exercise great care. The students will learn by their example.
A good Karate person has power but all great Karate people have control.
Because it is difficult, if not impossible, to gauge the control of visitors, I usually will not allow them to make contact in my dojo.
Charles C. Goodin
Control and Power
In Karate, we usually concentrate on learning to generate power. We talk about one inch punches and devastating striking power.
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 30, 2006
Ten Karate enthusiasts got together. They all had trained for many years and had roughly the same level of skill. They wanted to promote the art and get together to train. Sam offered his place. The other nine agreed and they all met regularly at Sam's place.
They trained for many years. One by one, some of the members had to leave the group, whether because of work, health, or family obligations. They still remained friends, but the group became smaller and smaller. Some members even died. Decades went by.
Eventually only Sam was left. His students decided to honor him by calling the art he taught Sam-Ryu. Sam was embarrassed, but allowed his students to do this because he did not want to disappoint them.
The years continued to go by. Sam eventually passed away. His students told stories about how Sam had trained, about his teachers, about his great accomplishments.
One day, one of Sam's old friends stopped by and spoke to the seniors of the Sam-Ryu Dojo. They were eager to tell the visitor stories about their great teacher. The visitor listened politely, and then asked about the other 9 Karate enthusiasts who had originally gotten together to train with Sam.
"What 9 Karate enthusiasts?" asked the students? "We practice Sam-Ryu. He was our master."
Karate never evolves in a vacuum. It never evolves as the result of just one person. Arts tend to promote one person and one name, but there are usually many great people who contributed to the development of the art. Karate hermits do not promote the art -- they hide it. A dojo is usually great because it features many fine instructors, each with their own special skills.
Remember that for every Sam you hear about, there are probably 9 others you don't hear about. It is in some students' vested interest to promote the memory of their master, their Sam. But don't forget David, Bill, Sally, Margaret, Mark, Matt, Aaron, Brandon, Sue.... Without them there would be no Sam-Ryu.
Sam might have just had the best place to train.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Friday, August 25, 2006
Guest Post: Dancing & Karate
This Guest Post is by Natasja T. Goodin, a student in the Hikari Dojo. The daughter of Charles and Nayna Goodin, she is an 8th grader at Moanalua Middle School.
Almost all my life I have been a ballet dancer and a Karate student, which are two very similar practices. You'd generally think that they have nothing in common, but you'll be surprised to know that they are alike in many ways.
As a Karate student you are very concerned about your technique and you always try to apply yourself. Surprisingly, in dance we are told the same.
One thing that I find most interesting about Karate and dance is that I am told to engage my lats (latisimus dorsi) in both. In Karate we are told to do so because we're not just using our arms, but we're creating tension for our koshi, and it helps you to generate power. We are taught to do this in dance because when you are turning, you have to feel as if you're a rubberband that's being pulled because like in Karate, it creates tension. Also it helps you balance.
Dancing and Karate also include a lot of determination and dedication. To become good at both, you have to want it and you have to be willing to practice and be a hard worker.
Both, Karate and dance have made me a better person. In both classes we are not treated as students, but we're treated as equal humans.
Natasja T. Goodin
Avoiding the Ground
I recently watched a DVD by Bas Rutten (see BassRutten.tv) entitled Lethal Street Fighting. Mr. Rutten is a competitive martial arts fighter and a tough grappler. He showed many useful techniques in his DVD.
One thing he mentioned caught my attention. He said that in a street fight, you should avoid going to the ground. He mentioned two reasons. The first, of course, is that the attacker could have friends who could attack you once you were tied up with groundwork. The other was that you could become injured by the ground itself. The street is made of asphalt, not tatami. I think that he gave very practical advice.
I learned ground techniques studying Judo, Aikido, and Kenpo. No matter how skilled you are at ground techniques, it is true that you have to watch out for additional attackers. If you are pinning one attacker, you cannot easily defend against another. The other attackers might even be hiding, just waiting for an opportunity.
At the same time, it would not be good to learn Karate without practicing any groundwork. It is always possible that we could be tripped, thrown, or pulled to the ground, or even just fall. We have to be prepared for these possibilities. If we are skilled at ground work, it will help us to escape and get back to our feet as quickly as possible.
When I recommend that my students avoid the ground in a fight, it probably sounds theoretical. When grapplers like Mr. Rutten say it, it sounds very practical.
Charles C. Goodin
After almost 10 years, my dojo training schedule is changing from Wednesdays/Saturdays to Mondays/Wednesdays. Family events and commitments, and travel, made it increasing difficult for me to teach on Saturdays.
When I discussed this will my family, my second son mentioned that he had not had a free Saturday (except on holidays) for 15 years. He has trained with me from the age of 5, at another dojo before we opened our Hikari Dojo. He has given up of part of his Saturdays for 3/4ths of his life.
When I discussed this with my friend, who is an Aikido Sensei, he mentioned that he has not had a free Saturday (except for holidays) for 34 years! That's 34 years!
Of course, we teach because we love the art, whether it is Karate, Aikido, or other arts. But we also have to consider the time commitment not only that we make, but that our family makes, as do our students and their families.
I am still a practicing attorney. One day, when I retire, I hope to be able to teach three or four times each week. Ideally, I would also like to teach bojutsu as a separate class. But until that day, I will do my best, now on Monday and Wednesday evenings.
Charles C. Goodin
Teachers are People
Sometimes a person will tell me that their sensei is a black belt. I imagine a black belt (a physical object) teaching them.
Sometimes a person will tell me that their sensei is a hanshi. I imagine a hanshi certificate teaching them.
Sometimes a person will tell me that their sensei is a champion. I imagine a trophy teaching them.
Sometimes a person will tell me that they train at a magnificent dojo. I imagine a building teaching them.
Sometimes a person will tell me that they belong to a large organization. I imagine administrators teaching them.
Sometimes a person will tell me that their sensei is a master. I wonder why anyone would want to have a master over them? I value freedom. I don't want a master or king or emperor telling me what to do.
I am really impressed when a person tells me that their sensei is a great person.
Being skilled at Karate is meaningless unless a sensei is also skilled at humanity.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 23, 2006
Just One Movement
I recently observed a friend of mine perform a kata. Afterwards I commented that I thought she did very well.
She replied that she was embarrassed because she had left out one of the movements. At her level, this was a major error.
I replied that missing a movement or even a sequence of movements does not matter, particularly at her level. What matters, to me, is how the person generates and transfers power, how they move from one position to the next, how they shift their weight, how they protect their sechusen (center line), their focus, and their composure (among other factors).
You can get a very good idea of a person's level of skill by observing just one movement, assuming that they are performing the movement honestly and not concealing their true motion. The value of kata is not in specific movements or sequences but in giving us the opportunity to move in a variety of ways and to refine our skills.
It is for this reason that I emphasize kata in my dojo. I would rather have the class perform many kata than spend a great deal of time on stationary basics. Stationary basics are good for beginners, but advanced students do better by practicing kata, by learning how to move.
Remember that your skill can be evaluated by just one movement. So do it well -- and be aware of who is watching.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 23, 2006
Bunkai -- Three's
We often see sequences of triple movements in kata. In Pinan Nidan, for example, there are three jodan uke (high blocks) done in sequence toward the front and three jodan tsuki (high punches) done toward the back. There are three chudan shuto uke (middle knife hand blocks) done toward the front in Pinan Shodan. Threes are common in many kata. Why is this?
One explanation is that these represent important techniques that should be repeated for practice purposes.
Another explanation is that the three movements should be interpreted differently. For example, the first two jodan uke in Pinan Nidan may be high blocks but the third might be a rising strike under the attacker's jaw. For any sequence of three identical movements, the first two are usually interpreted the same but the third is interpreted differently.
Triple movements also present opportunities for body mechanic exploration. The first movement, for example, might be emphasized (somewhat fixed), but the second and third might flow together.
There is also another explanation. Each movement actually represents a range of movement. A jodan uke, for example, is not only a high block, but a downward block, middle block, high block, and all levels in between. The jodan uke, then, is like a wild card. We practice the kata with three jodan uke, but should be able to execute all blocks in the wild card range (low to high).
There are no simple kata -- only simple views and explanations. Each kata contains a wealth of information if we are willing to look carefully.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 22, 2006
Guest Post: Don't Learn Karate for Self-Defense
This Guest Post is by Charles T. Goodin, a sandan and instructor in the Hikari Dojo. The second son of Charles C. Goodin, he is a senior at the University of Hawaii.
Karate to many people, is a great form of self-defense. I've been doing karate for almost all of my life. Could I protect myself using Karate? Sure. Would I? Of course. But the only reason that I can say this is because I've been doing it for 16 years now. One thing that must be set straight is the simple fact that Karate should not be learned so that you can protect yourself.
Many new students feel that studying Karate will help them defend themselves against attackers. Sadly, Karate is not a very effective means of protection unless you are very skilled at it. How long does this take? It could be months, it could be years, or it could even a lifetime. This all depends on the student, the sensei, and the style of Karate. What good is knowing how to do 18 kata if you can only defend yourself against predetermined attacks. In order to protect yourself using Karate, your movements must become instinctive. Using Karate must become second nature in order for anyone to use Karate effectively.
If this is the case, then why do so many people still take Karate? Well, the fact is, most people believe that learning Karate gives them the ability to use it effectively. In my eyes, 95% of all Karate students have no chance of protecting themselves against a real attacker if they use their Karate. Ninety-five percent! What does this mean? It means that Karate as a whole is not very effective. But, if you learn it the right way, and you practice it long enough, it becomes extremely effective. Most students don't study for a long enough time to see their time and effort pay dividends. As I stated above, the time that is required to become skilled differs with every student, every teacher, and every style, but I can safely say it takes at least five years.
Eventually, students will learn how to protect themselves, but when they reach this point, they should also know that using Karate to defend yourself can be too dangerous. If someone is trying to rob you, is it ok for you to kill them? If someone is calling you stupid, is it ok for you to beat them up? The answer to both of these questions are obviously no. This is what every student should learn from taking Karate.
Karate should not, under any circumstances be learned for self-defense. Karate helps students develop better hand/eye coordination. Karate teaches self discipline. And above all, Karate should make students and teachers better people. Karate teaches respect. Whether it's for your sensei, your parents, your peers, or for yourself, respect is the most important thing anyone can learn from Karate.
Charles T. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 22, 2006
Patient Training (and Teaching)
Each person learns at his or her own rate. No two people learn in exactly the same manner or at the same rate. Some students learn very quickly but then lose interest. Others learn slowly, but keep going for their entire lives.
One of my teachers used to say that you should not learn like paper. Paper lights easily but burns out equally quickly. He said that you should learn like a big log. It is harder to light, but burns for a long time.
For those of us who have trained since we were children (I started training at about the age of 7), we will go through many phases in our lives. As we progress from elementary school, to intermediate school, to to high school, to college, to post graduate studies, through various jobs, to our chosen career, from dating, to marriage, to children, to purchasing our first home, to seeing our children graduate from college, to seeing our grandchildren -- our Karate training will have many highs and lows.
I can honestly say that I did not have much time to practice Karate while I was studying for the bar examination. But once my law office was established, I had more time and could open a dojo.
If you met me during my bar studies, you would probably think I was a neglectful Karate student. If you meet me now, you might think that I go overboard sometimes. But I am the same person.
My point is that as our training progresses, has high and low points, it changes over our life. When you are teaching a student, you have to ask where that student is in their Karate life at that moment? Are they trying their best but barely have time to practice? Are they at the point when their years of training is suddenly starting to make sense and come together? Are they trying to get back into training after many years of absence?
We have to be able to teach each student at his or her stage of training at that specific moment in their life. Sometimes we have to tell the student to take some time off to deal with family and work matters. Sometimes we need to encourage the student to try harder -- the best way to do this is usually to try harder ourself (set a good example).
Some students appear to be lazy. Sometimes this is because they are exhausted. Sometimes it is because they do not really want to be in class. If the student is forced to learn Karate by his or her parents, I will speak to them and say, "well, let's make the best of it." My expectations won't be too high, but I will try to give the student something to feel good about -- learning a new technique or kata, helping a younger student, etc.
You really can't teach a student, you can only help them to learn -- to ignite their interest and then feed it. And they won't learn if they are not in class. When you feel like telling a student to quit, you should remember the times it was difficult for you to train. What if you quit then?
Many of the best instructors where not the best students when they started. Many of the best instructors had to overcome many problems to gain their skills -- to earn their skills. At some point in their lives, a sensei inspired them and gave them the motivation to keep going. We are at our best when we inspire our students.
Charles C. Goodin
Koshi -- So, So , So , So!
My second son, Charles, just published a Guest Post entitled: "Koshi."
My comment is so, so, so, so! That's it!
Charles C. Goodin
Guest Post: Koshi
This Guest Post is by Charles T. Goodin, a sandan and instructor in the Hikari Dojo. The second son of Charles C. Goodin, he is a senior at the University of Hawaii.
For most people, Karate is about using brute strength. They try to hit as hard and as fast as possible, using mostly the wrong muscles, and emphasizing their blocks and strikes at the wrong time and position. We are extremely fortunate to have learned from Sensei Katsuhiko Shinzato. He is a perfect example of how Karate is supposed to be practiced and performed. What I took from him the first time I saw him was the simple fact that you don't have to be young and in great shape to be good at Karate. Granted, Shinzato Sensei is in great shape, but he is also up there in age. Considering the fact that he is three times older than I am, physically I am much stronger and I should also be much faster. When I first saw him in person, I was absolutely dumbfounded at how fast and dynamic he was.
After having his movements broken down, and practicing them over and over for the past couple of years though, I have an idea of how he gets his speed and power with so little effort. I can't move nearly as fast or as dynamically as Shinzato Sensei can, but my movements are decent because I learned to use my koshi. Koshi is just your hip, but for our class, koshi is so much more than just hip. Koshi is using your hip, while connecting it to your extremities, and tying it all together with your lats, correct breathing, and correct timing. Using your koshi allows for fast fluid movements, creating more power than just using your muscles.
If you use your koshi correctly, when you move, you whip. Moving correctly is very similar to whipping with a towel. The movement is not strong because of the force going out, it's strong because it whips at the end with the recoil. The recoil is what causes the whip! In order to understand this, all you need to do is learn how to whip with a towel. Whipping is not just hitting, it has to crack when you whip correctly. If you were to whip someone with the towel correctly, you can actually break the skin and cause them to bleed. This is how you have to move with your body. When you hit someone, you create power using your whole body (especially your core muscles) and whipping.
What I have also learned is that in order to learn to whip, you have to figure it out on your own. You can be shown how to whip a million times, but if you just try to copy you won't accomplish anything. The reason for this is because everyone is different. We all have different body types, and different skill levels, so if I were to copy my dad, I wouldn't be able to whip the same just because I'm much taller and have a longer reach. You have to find one movement that you can whip very well and then try to translate that to all your other movements. I first learned to whip using shuto, and I used the same hip I use for shuto on everything else.
Learning to use your koshi is a long and never ending process. Even Shinzato sensei says that he is always still learning, and you can really tell because he is always changing a few things here and there because he finds a better way to do them. Even though no one may ever really master using their hips, you can come pretty close. We should all strive to become better than Shinzato sensei, even if that's pretty far fetched. Every student has a certain amount of potential. Moving the traditional way that is taught in most schools only lets you tap into about 30% of your potential. Using your koshi though, allows you to fulfill your full potential.
Charles T. Goodin
Guest Post: Alertness
This Guest Post is by Ikaika Chock, a shodan in the Hikari Dojo. Ikaika's younger brother and cousin also train in the dojo.
One thing that anyone should always have is alertness, or awareness of your surroundings. Knowing what's going on around you and your family could keep them safe from harm.
It's not difficult: when you step into the street, look for cars. If it's dark, make sure you can see your family. Look around; watch dark corners and doorways. If you enter a room, make sure you know where the doors are.
Paranoia is not required, just open eyes. If you always know what's going on in your surroundings, events won't take you by surprise.
Ikaika Chock
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Saturday, August 19, 2006
Never Underestimate An Attacker
Being a martial artist, it is possible to fall into the trap of overconfidence -- thinking that our skills will make us superior to an attacker. It is important to avoid this and, in fact, to think just the opposite. We must ask ourself:
Is the attacker alone? Does he have friends that we can see, or not see?Even an unskilled attacker can get in a lucky punch. It will be difficult for us to defend ourselves if we are injured and impossible if we are unconscious.
Is the attacker armed? Does he have a concealed knife or gun. Is he holding a bottle or glass in his hand?
Is the attacker skilled in a martial art, street fighting, boxing, etc.?
Is the attacker drunk, drugged, or deranged?
We have to take every attacker seriously and consider all our options. What is the best escape route? Are there any potential weapons in the area? Can we get help from someone?
Never underestimate an attacker. Be prepared in case there is more than one -- the one you don't see might hit you in back of the head with a brick! And don't get carried away. Look for the earliest opportunity to get away from the conflict.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Friday, August 18, 2006
Guest Post: Ping-Pong Anyone?
This Guest Post is by Dexter Chun, a sandan and instructor in the Hikari Dojo. Dexter is an elementary school teacher and an avid golfer.
From Ping-Pong to Karate, I believe it is never too early to focus on learning a physical activity. As a school teacher, I notice a difference between students who are physically active and those that are not involved in sports activities. There are various opportunities for children to participate in individual or team sports. I feel that children receive positive benefits from almost any physical activity that is of interest to them.
Tennis is valuable in promoting improved eye-hand coordination. Basketball helps to produce increased self-esteem. Dance encourages creative expression. Karate helps build physical and mental discipline. I believe sports, dance, and martial arts are all positive steps that help an individual reach one's goals.
I feel fortunate to have participated in Ping-Pong Competitions, Hip-Hop Dance Performances and Golf Tournaments, which have improved my skills in Karate. And in turn, Karate is helping me to accomplish my personal goals in other sports activities and in everyday life.
Dexter Chun
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Thursday, August 17, 2006
When Is Enough, Enough?
I was speaking to one of the adult black belts in our dojo recently. He described a fight he witnessed. In a nutshell, he saw a martial artists on top of a young man. The young man had apparently attacked him and the martial artist was letting him have it pretty good. Bam, bam, punches, kicks, knees.... Bam, bam, bam!
People were telling the martial artist to let the young man go. Finally, the martial artist got off and stepped back. The young man sprung to his feet and immediately tried to kick the martial artist. It appeared that the young man was unhurt, despite the severe pounding he had taken.
As it turned out, the young man was on ice.
My friend, Professor Kimo Ferreira always says to watch our for the 3 D's: attackers that are drunk, drugged, or deranged. Things that work on a normal person might not work on an attacker that is drunk, drugged, or deranged.
It is possible that the young man was in fact injured -- he just could not feel it. He might feel it later, but was still ready and able to fight.
Another friend of mine mentioned that if you knock someone out, they will often attack as soon as they regain consciousness. They are not aware of the passage of time. To them, the fight is still on. But if you break their arm or leg, then they will have a harder time attacking.
I am not suggesting that we should break people's bones. But if they are drunk, drugged, or deranged, we have to recognize that it will take a lot to stop them. Just ask the police. How many police officers does it take to restraint a drugged up person, especially if the police are trying not to injure him?
When is enough, enough? It depends on the attacker. We must examine the techniques used in Karate in light of this.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 16, 2006
Pouring Tea
When I started to eat lunch with a group of Karate seniors (aged 79, 79 and 62), I noticed that the 62 year old would always pour tea (at Japanese or Chinese restaurants) for the seniors. He would then offer to pour tea for me.
After a few lunches, I gradually realized that I, a 48 year old, was the junior and it was my place to pour the tea, or at least to sincerely offer to do so.
Then I noticed that when we went to a buffet line, the 62 year old would always walk ahead and hand plates to the seniors and then to me.
After a few lunches I realized that I should do this.
The other day, we went to lunch and I got some clam chowder. I noticed that the older sensei did not get any soup, so I offered to go get some for them. It is hard to carry soup and plates when you are older. I made sure to bring back some crackers too.
We have to look for opportunities to assist. We train to see punches and respond to attacks. But we must also train to respond to the needs of those around us, particularly our seniors. It should not matter that a person is a Karate sensei or has high rank. We should be courteous and helpful to all our seniors.
The 62 year old who helped me to realize this, through his example, is Sensei Pat Nakata, who practices the principles of Karate even at lunch!
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 15, 2006
Karate: A Humble Tradition
I started out calling this post "Karate: A Proud Tradition." After some thought, I decided that "Humble" better expresses the tradition.
I do feel that Karate has a proud tradition and that we should all feel very honored to be able to study the art. But when you speak to the seniors, they do not express pride as much as they express humilty. Every senior I have spoken to feels that he could have learned more and trained harder. Every senior looks up to his own sensei and feels that he still has a long way to go. Karate, to them (the seniors), is a lifelong pursuit. Daily life is the true dojo.
When you think of the Japanese samurai, pride does come to mind. Samurai were warriors and belongs to a privileged class.
Karate evolved in a different culture. While there were classes in the Ryukyu Kingdom, including a warrior class, Karate seemed to belong to the common man, particularly after the Meiji Restoration. People like Choki Motobu and Chotoku Kyan came from noble families, but by the time they were adults, their families had lost their stipends and much of their holdings.
If you are training in the samurai mold, then you have to find your place in a vertical hierarchy that goes all the way to the emporer. Whether in budo or business, a "samurai" is distinctly aware of his place and that of those below, equal to, and above him.
A Karate student can act like a samurai, just like he can act like an English knight or American Revolutionary soldier. A Karate student can act like anyone he choses. However, if the Okinawan mold is followed, the student will not act like a samurai -- he will act like an ordinary person with an extraordinary ability.
There is a phrase: "kakure bushi." This means a "hidden bushi." A kakure bushi could be hidden in a cave or mountain retreat, but more commonly he was hidden in plain sight. A kakure bushi could be the cook at the restaurant, the tax driver, your dentist. That man at the pharmacy may be a great Karate master, but you could never tell. He could even be that Mr. Miyagi-like gardener!
Karate is a humble tradition, a great humble tradition, and well kept secret. You show it by not showing it.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 15, 2006
Karate and Street Fighting
What is the connection between Karate and street fighting? This may sound like a strange question, but it is not.
I have heard it said that Karate was the systematization of Okinawan street fighting. While I agree that Karate was influenced by street fighting in Okinawa, we must not forget that Karate is a defensive art. Karate is not a fighting system -- it is a not fighting system. Karate teaches how to defend oneself, which is quite different from fighting.
But, I have often heard that zealous Karate students would test out their "self defense" techniques on the rough streets of Naha, a seaport. The same thing also happened in Honolulu, another seaport. Seaports tend to have two things: foreigners and alcohol. This presents many "opportunities" for testing martial skills. I have even heard that Karate students would walk in seedy areas of Honolulu with money showing in their shirt pockets, just to attract conflict. While I would never condone this, it does seem to have happened.
After a fight, a student would compare notes with his friends. What worked well? What did not?
Martial arts all have this in common -- that the art was tested on the battlefield, or in the bars, somewhere. A martial art was not merely theoretical. We must admit, that at least in the old days, the great Karate figures were also great "fighters". I use the word "figures" because not all great fighters would necessarily be teachers. As time went on, I think that it was possible for a martial artist to become a great teacher even if he was a poor fighter.
My point is this -- Karate is a reflection and a response to street fighting. Whether in Naha, Tokyo, Honolulu, Chicago, or London, Karate has no self defense value unless it can be used against the type of street fighting present in the student's area.
The last time I looked, street fighters do not punch and kick like Karate students. They follow a simple rule: no rules (and try not to get caught). Have you watched full contact matches either live or on television, cable, DVDs, etc.? While these events are still controlled by certain rules, they probably come closer to how people fight on the streets.
Almost every "real" fight I have seen goes like this -- punch, punch, roll around on the ground. The punches are usually wild and the groundwork is untrained. Often, the first punch is a "false crack" (a punch to the back or side of the head without warning).
This has very little similarity to "kumite." On the street, people punch like bad boxers, use weapons, and fight dirty. And they gang up. As soon as a defender goes to the ground, the attacker's friends might start kicking him in the head and body. Fighting codes vary by time and location. When my father was a teenager growing up in Florida, the fight stopped when someone fell to the ground. It was against the "code" to kick and punch someone on the ground. Today, that code seems to be ignored. As a result, we have to know how to defend against such actions.
We have to know how to defend against the unexpected (but predictable) acts that could be used against us on the street. We have to be aware of street fighting to be able to defend against it.
Is Karate a fighting art? No. Does a Karate student have to understand fighting? Yes.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Monday, August 14, 2006
Renovating Websites
Aloha from Hawaii!
Sorry for not posting for the last few days. I have been busy renovating our various websites. Please see Seinenkai.com, for example, and put your cursor over the navigation bar under the Diamond Head graphic.
There is a wealth of information in that navigation bar that should make it easier to navigate our websites. The links drop down vertically and then expand horizontally. Now, for example, links to the different decades in our Rare Book Collection are accessible on all our main pages.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Sunday, August 13, 2006
Guest Writer Placement
I recently edited our Karate Thoughts Blog by creating a separate page for the Guest Writers with a link on the righthand corner of our main pages (above the search box).
I did this because the previous placement of the writers' names was in our blog main template, meaning that every time I added a name or link, I had to republish every one of the posts (literally hundreds). By making a separate page for the names, I can edit that page separately without republishing the entire blog. This reduces the risk of accidentally deleting or corrupting the blog!
I am very grateful to all of the writers who have contributed posts. In my own dojo, I have been encouraging students to try their hand at writing.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Thursday, August 10, 2006
Karate Thoughts Blog Guest Writers
- George Donohue (articles)
- Terry Garrett (blog)
- Eli Jones
- Halford E. Jones (Filipino Martial Arts Collection)
- Theodore Kruczek (blog)
- Angel Lemus (website)
- Bill Lucas (dojo)
- Mario McKenna (dojo, blog)
- Pat Nakata (blog posts)
- Joe Swift (dojo, research)
- Mark Tankosich (blog posts & articles)
- Dexter Chun
- Cael T. Goodin
- Charles T. Goodin
- Natasja T. Goodin
- Peerawut Kamlang-ek
- Ikaika Chock
- David Takahashi
- Jennifer Takahashi
Thank you very much to all our Guest Writers!Respectfully,
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 09, 2006
Guest Post: Teachers are the Best Students
This Guest Post is by Charles T. Goodin, a sandan and instructor in the Hikari Dojo. The second son of Charles C. Goodin, he is a senior at the University of Hawaii.
Most people think that the most important part of Karate is learning. What I've learned from my experiences over the past 16 years though is that so much more is gained by teaching. When you teach, you are forced to break everything down, step by step, move by move, and if you don't know exactly how it's supposed to be done, you have to either figure it out yourself or ask one of the senior students or one of the sensei to assist you. I've been teaching the beginning students since the dojo opened up in 1997, so I have more experience than most at teaching. I'll admit, at first, teaching is pretty boring. I definitely would have rather been training with the rest of the class. But after doing it at every class for the past 9 or 10 years, it is something that I have come to embrace and enjoy.
Teaching others has made me a much better Karate student. I have learned much more about koshi through teaching than I have from having it shown to me by others. You can only learn so much from watching and copying, but by teaching, you are forced to learn it the right way so that you can pass it on to others. I've taught everyone in my class, with the exception of my dad and his sensei, and just knowing that you've helped improve the Karate of someone is very satisfying. Even though I've been able to really tap into the potential of some students, I've gained much more through teaching than any of the students I've helped. It's been said before that "those who can't do, teach." I feel though, that those who teach, learn to do.
Charles T. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 09, 2006
Positional Coincidence?
In some styles of Karate, such as Matsubayashi-Ryu, it is said that the kata begin and end on the same spot (referred to as "positional coincidence"). Matsubayashi-Ryu founder Shoshin Nagamine wrote about this in his first book, The Essence of Okinawan Karate-Do. I have heard that failure to end on the same spot is a reason to fail a student who is testing for rank in some schools.
I have wondered whether this is true -- that kata are meant to begin and end on the same spot. After speaking to some seniors in various styles I believe that it is not necessarily the case. While kata generally end near the same spot, it is unlikely that they were all designed to end on exactly the same spot.
I believe that some sensei, such a Nagamine Sensei, might have been influenced by Okinawan dance principles. In Karate, I do not believe that it is necessary for there to be identical beginning and ending points. This might make it easier to give demonstrations, but has no relationship to actual self defense and fighting which require free flowing adaptability.
It is sometimes argued that positional coincidence reflects the balance of the kata. It is true that modern kata tend to be symmetric. Nagamine Sensei's Fukyugata Ichi is a good example of this. But older kata -- arguably the best ones -- are asymmetric. Kata like Rohai, Passai, Wankan, and Chinto (the Tomari versions), are all asymmetric. As such, it should not be expected that they would necessarily begin and end on the same spot.
It is possible to manipulate the ending point of any kata by taking a larger or shorter step here or there. But is this really necessary?
I believe that kata teach us applications -- or are the embodiment of applications. I do not believe that there is any metaphysical significance to kata. They are meant to be useful -- not perfect. What matters most is that the student understands the kata -- how to move and what each movement means -- not that he ends at the exact beginning point.
I performed a kata once at a friend's dojo. It was Gojushiho (not my favorite kata). Anyway, I got confused during the kata and somehow ended up facing the opposite direction from when I started. This was awkward since I would have had to bow with my back to the audience.
Could it be that this type of problem influenced the design of kata? I think so, particularly when Karate became public. It would not look very good to bow with our back to dignitaries. But again, in a real self defense situation such concerns are irrelevant.
I respect that great sensei such as Shoshin Nagamine may have understood something about positional coincidence that I have yet to learn.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 08, 2006
Karate Titles -- Enough Already
My friend, David Chambers, publishes Classical Fighting Arts Magazine. In Issue No. 7, he wrote an excellent editorial entitled Titles in the Martial Arts, which is available online.
David describes the development of titles in the martial arts. Of course, today there is a proliferation of high ranks and titles. I am reminded that in Judo and Kendo there are no living 10th dan today and a 9th dan is exceptionally rare. I wonder how many 10th dan there are in Karate and related arts. Reservedness is a fundamental and necessary trait of any martial artist. David very accurately describes how martial artists should "use" titles:
The matter in which the claimant uses these titles also gives an indication of his authenticity. They should only be used in official lists relating to martial arts instructors, published books, or scholarly articles written about the holder—never in publicity material. Outside of this they are rarely used by the recipient as this would be considered immodest in Japanese society, and therefore impolite.I am an attorney, my wife has a travel agency, and her family had a real estate company for many years. There is a saying: "if you can't give an employee a raise, give him a title." In Karate, there is a modern tendency to use Japanese business titles to describe dojo and association positions. It seems odd to me to hear instructors referred to (in Japanese) as chairman, president, boss, etc.
One never uses one's title when speaking in the first person as it is a breach of etiquette that would serve to demonstrate the ignorance of the speaker. If you have trained for forty years in a legitimate martial art, a basic understanding of Japanese etiquette and customs is expected. In Japanese society, physicians and other doctors, lawyers, and other highly educated individuals are addressed as "Sensei," but never refer to themselves as such. Regardless of rank therefore, the martial arts instructor is always referred to as Sensei.
Everything outside of the direct sensei/student relationship is foreign to Karate (in my opinion). Business titles belong in the business world, not in Karate. As David wrote: "...the martial arts instructor is always referred to as Sensei."
Our goal should not be to obtain titles, but to develop a good character and as much skill as possible while we a healthy enough to train vigorously.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Tuesday, August 08, 2006
Karate: What I Do
Although I am an attorney by profession, I spend quite a bit of time practicing, teaching, writing, researching, interviewing, etc. about Karate. One of the Okinawan history researchers here in Hawaii called me "Karate bakka (crazy)." He explained that he was "Okinawan history bakka."
But I always try to keep in mind that Karate is something that I do, it is not who I am. Karate is an activity, a thing, a study, an object. It is not a living thing in and of itself. You could say that Karate comes alive when it is practiced. But that is romantic. Karate is an art, a skill. It is not a person.
We do not learn Karate from Karate. We learn from people, from our sensei.
I am a father, a husband, a son, a brother, a worker, an employer, a friend... many things. Being a Karate student and teacher is also an important part of my life -- because I enjoy it. Karate makes me happy. I think that being happy makes me healthier and a better person. I also hope that Karate training helps me to age more gracefully. In a year and a half I will be fifty. In Okinawa, a fifty year old instructor is still considered young.
There are many excellent reasons to practice Karate. I have met many inspiring people during my training. I look up to my Sensei (in Karate and other arts). Still, Karate is something that I do, not who I am.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Friday, August 04, 2006
Family Karate
One of my greatest gifts is that my family also practices Karate with me. My wife, Nayna, and children, Chris, Charles, Cael, and Natasja, have all practiced with me. All are active currently, except Chris, who just graduated from law school and took the BAR. He will start work as an attorney next month. Chris and Cael are also active in Kendo.
Many sensei have commented that I am very lucky to have a family that trains with me.
My friend and senior Joseph A. Bunch of the Hawaii Okinawa Karate-Do Shudokan is even more lucky! His wife, daughter, three sons, son-in-law, and five grandchildren all practice with him! Bunch Sensei is the Secretary/Treasurer of the Hawaii Karate Kodanshakai and a member of its Ranking and Titles Committee. He was a Marine and studied Karate in Okinawa under Seijiro Maehara, Seikichi Odo, and Eizo Shimabukuro. He sponsors the Aloha State Traditional Karate Championships, which will have its 24th annual event this Sunday, August 6, 2006, at the Aliamanu Military Reservation.
My friend Hisae Ishii-Chang heads the Island Ki dojo. Her daughter trains with her. Her dojo is very family oriented.
Paul Ortino heads the Okinawa Kenpo Karate Dharma-Ryu Dojo. He has been the President of the Hawaii Karate Congress for many years. His wife, Daisy (who just gave birth to their son, Angelo), also trains with him.
Former Honolulu Chief of Police Lee Donohue, Sr. teaches Karate at the American Karate Kai with his son, Lee Donohue, Jr., who is also a policeman, heads the Kick-Start Karate program, and teaches classes at the Honolulu Police Academy.
I am always very happy to see families that practice Karate together.
Some people ask me how I got my children to come to class with me. It was very easy. I said, "let's go to class." And off we went.
One thing I did learn was that it is not good to eat fast food before training. At one time, I trained almost every day. Because there was little time, I would take my kids to hamburger places and buy whatever was 99 cents. It turns out that hamburgers and fast food are full of fat! It is much better to eat healthy food, especially if you are training.
It is also important to be willing to miss class -- and let your family members miss class -- when it is necessary. School and work must come first. Everyone needs a break sometime, even the sensei.
When I started my dojo, the only students were my three sons and one of their friends. Now I have many adult students who are yudansha and can even take short vacations with my wife. This is a real luxury!
As I have mentioned before, always remember to put your family first. And if you are very lucky, your family might also train with you. I will have to keep working and maybe one day my grandchildren will train with me too like Bunch Sensei!
In Okinawa, the eldest grandson was called the chonin. It was a tradition that a sensei would always teach his chonin. I would extend this to all grandchildren -- boys and girls alike.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Thursday, August 03, 2006
More Degrees Than A Thermometer
I was speaking to my friend yesterday about the tendency of some martial artists to join many organizations for the purpose of obtaining rank. For example, a person might join one organization and obtain a 4th dan, join another one and obtain a 5th dan based on his recent 4th dan in the first organization, etc. In this way, a person can advance very quickly.
Of course, legitimate organizations will carefully screen their members and verify their credentials and training history.
Anyway, my friend commented on this type of rank shopping martial artist by saying:
"That guy has more degrees than a thermometer!"
I have seen advanced yudansha waiting for promotion like workers waiting for their Christmas bonuses before they quit their jobs. Sure enough, as soon as the yudansha were promoted they were off to other organizations.
There are many reasons to join martial arts organizations and many reasons to leave them. Rank is unfortunately a relevant factor to some martial artists.
Rank has no merit in and of itself. An attacker will not ask your rank before he punches you in the nose! In the "old" days, teachers were often challenged. Anyone who wanted to teach publicly had to be willing to take on all challengers. Students who could not handle themselves would not teach, or would quit soonafter they were challenged.
Today, it is much easier to hide behind rank and titles... and much easier to obtain rank and titles.
I am a member of an organization made up of senior karate instructors. New members in the organization cannot obtain rank for a minimum of two years and titles for a minimum of five years. This reflects the conservative attitude of the organization and its members. Such minimums help to prevent rank and title shopping.
As students, we should try to become our best. Rank and titles are incidental. They are not the goal. Skill is the goal. We should try not to look bad rather than trying to look good. We should try not to let your sensei down. Martial arts skill cannot be shown in material things such as certificates, business cards, and belts. The true reflection of our martial arts skill is in our daily lives.
Don't be like a thermometer.
Charles C. Goodin
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Wednesday, August 02, 2006


text:
Getting started with a basic document in Microsoft Office Word is as easy as opening a new or existing document and starting to type. Whether you start a document from scratch or rework an existing document, you can follow a few basic steps to ensure high-quality results and you can quickly complete a professional, well-designed document .
Key elements of a complex document include headers and footers, page numbers, citations, equations, a bibliography, a table of contents, and an index. You can also use any of these elements to create a document template that you can use again and again. You can find out more about all of these additional document elements by typing any of these terms into the Search box while you are using Word.
Tip: If you want to create a specific type of document, such as a business plan or a resumé, you can save time by starting with a template. The Templates on Microsoft Office Online web site provides templates for many types of documents, including resumés, cover letters, business plans, business cards, and APA-style papers.
What do you want to do?
Open a new document and start typing
In Microsoft Office Word 2010, 2013 or 2016, click File, and then click New. In Microsoft Office Word 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button , and then click New.
Double-click Blank document.
Start a document from a template
To use a template as a starting point, do one of the following:
In Microsoft Office Word 2010, 2013 or 2016, click File, and then click New. In Microsoft Office Word 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button , and then click New.
Under Templates, do one of the following:
If you are using Microsoft Office Word 2007, click Installed Templates to select a template that is available on your computer. If you are using Microsoft Office Word 2010, look in Available Templates
In Microsoft Office Word 2007, click one of the links under Microsoft Office Online. In Microsoft Office Word 2010, click Office.com Templates. In Microsoft Office Word 2013 and 2016, all available installed templates are shown when you click File, and then click New and additional templates can be discovered by using the Search for online templates search box.
Double-click the template that you want.
Save and reuse templates
If you make changes to a template that you download, you can save it on your computer and use it again. It's easy to find all your customized templates by clicking My templates in the New Document dialog box. To save a template in the My templates folder, do the following:
Click the File tab.
Click Save As.
In the Save As dialog box, click Templates.
In the Save as type list, select Word Template.
Type a name for the template in the File name box, and then click Save.
Delete a document
Click the File tab.
Click Open.
Locate the file that you want to delete.
Right-click the file, and then click Delete on the shortcut menu.
What's next
After you create your document, you might want to change the formatting, or you might want to add a picture, a table, or a cover page. For more information about working in your document, see the following:

subset: commoncrawl


text: Hello, I am currently trying to sell my first trumpet on ebay and I had a question about it I didn't know the answer to. The trumpet I am selling is a Bach TR300, I bought it in 2001. The question was, what is the difference between the Bach TR300, Bach TR300H and Bach TR300H2? They said their kid has played a TR300H before and liked it and they wanted to know if my TR300 would be the same. Are there any differences between the TR300, the TR300H and the TR300H2? Thanks.


text:
Dan Rayburn wants you to understand something: the Internet isn't ruined because companies like Netflix, Google, Amazon, Pandora pay Internet service providers (ISPs) to make sure their movies, music, or data safely crosses the Internet.
Such agreements, known as peering agreements, have been going on for decades. They are not the same thing as "net neutrality," explains Rayburn, an analyst for Frost & Sullivan and EVP of Internet blog site StreamingMedia.com. In the complicated, arcane world of internet infrastructure provision, Rayburn is an acknowledged guru.
Net neutrality means that an ISP can't give priority to specific things traveling on its portion of the Internet (like its own pay-per-view movies) while slowing or blocking other things from traveling on its network (like movies from Netflix or email from Google). For instance, Comcast can't refuse to deliver Hulu to its Internet customers just because it wants people to pay for its cable TV service instead.
Almost everyone in the industry agrees that ending that kind of "net neutrality" is bad idea.
But a "peering agreement" means that Internet companies have permission to connect their networks directly into an ISP's network, and that helps them transmit their own content better and, in some cases, faster.
And for that, the ISPs are allowed to get paid. They don't have to provide direct, unlimited access to their portion of the Internet to a single company for free.
Many times Internet companies use peering agreements to build what's known as "content delivery networks," or CDNs, where they can store their most popular data all over the nation, connecting to the Internet in lots of different cities. In this way, for instance, when people in San Francisco watch "Game of Thrones" online, the show is sent to them from a server in San Francisco, not from HBO's offices in New York.
Most of the big Internet companies have built their own private CDNs and have paid the ISPs for the necessary connections. The alternative is to hire a commercial CDN like Akamai, Level 3 or Limelight.
This is how it should be, Rayburn tells Business Insider.
If the FCC puts new rules in place, it should be to solidify "the current way the Internet works now, and has worked over last 20 years. The way networks connect with each other in different forms and under different business models. To date, we've not seen anyone other than Netflix come out and say we need intervention," he says.
In fact, based on research that Rayburn published on his blog on Wednesday, most of the big Internet providers are already paying the big ISPs.
Here's a chart that shows the ISPs that Internet companies are connecting to:
Source: Dan Rayburn. Used by permission.
Rayburn believes that Netflix's complaints about its agreement with Comcast muddies the waters.
Netflix had previously hired commercial CDN providers including Akamai, Level 3 and Limelight. It then decided to build its own and had to go to Comcast and other ISPs to get its network linked to theirs.
That's when it started complaining about having to pay. But in reality, he says that the five-plus years agreement between Comcast and Netflix is actually good for Netflix.
"Netflix gets a cheaper price [compared to its previous CDN contracts], lock-in for a long period of time. Customers get bet better quality. Netflix's costs go down. Its customer churn goes down. That gives it better margins. Yet all of this is all bad for their business? It's insane," he says.
Rayburn says that beyond the complaints, Netflix hasn't publicly suggested an alternative for the way peering agreement are handled now.
"Netflix has been vocal," he told us. "They have been complaining about it when they should be saying here's our evidence and here's how it think it should be fixed. I'm amazed that someone at Netflix thinks its a good idea to say to regulators, 'We want you to get involved in our business and regulate it. But we aren't giving any guidance on how to fix it.'"
The risk now is that the FCC is being pressured on all sides to "do something," and it has been vague about the details on what it plans to do, Rayburn says.
Netflix however, believes it shouldn't have to pay. We reached out to Netflix for comment and were directed to this statement from CEO Reed Hastings March 20 blog post:
"Consumers pay for access to the Internet. ISPs should deliver consumers the services they request. ISPs should not be allowed to double dip and, by instituting these tolls, discriminate between services."
Certainly, all the big ISP players like Comcast and AT&T understand Hasting's game plan and don't want to get rid of paid peering agreements.
But there's a fly in their ointment: Congress, filled with elected officials that don't understand the intricacies of how the Internet really works.
On Tuesday, FCC Commissioner Tom Wheeler was grilled during a Congressional hearing about his net neutrality proposal. And Netflix has been lobbying against the Comcast/Time Warner Cable merger, also on the grounds of net neutrality.
"It just shows the politics being played on the back end," Rayburn told us.


text:
|Sign up! | Post a Journal | Ask a Question | Request a Lookup | Active | Newest | Unanswered | Assist | Locations
Join over 80,000 others who are connecting with their cousins and common researchers!
FamilyTreeCircles is easy and free.Join Us
Born Mini-Ka-Na-Ha Win (my Sioux Indian name) given to me by my Great Uncle, a Grandson of Sitting Bull, Chief Frank White Buffalo Man.
My Mother, Princess Red Feather, White Buffalo Woman of the Hunk pa pa Sioux Tribe, Niece of Frank White Buffalo Man.
My My Father, Good Buffalo, adopted blood brother of Chief Frank White Buffalo Man.


text:
Why Become a Student Member of AIPG?
- Establish professional contacts and broaden knowledge.
- Attend technical meetings and field trips.
- Mentoring from other professionals and potential employment.
- Apply for undergraduate scholarships.
- Post resume and search for jobs on website.
- Resources on careers in geology.
- Submit articles to the bimonthly journal "The Professional Geologist".
The American Institute of Professional Geologists (AIPG) was founded in 1963 to certify the credentials of practicing geologists and to advocate on behalf of the profession.
These major priorities are predicated on the conviction that:
- the science of geology is vital to the interests of the nation, domestically and internationally, in times of peace and when national security is at risk; and
- in order to best protect public health, safety, and welfare; provide strategic resources; and assist in the effective administration of government programs in which geology plays a prominent role, the science of geology should be practiced by qualified geoscientists.
AIPG represents the professional interests of all practicing geoscientists in every discipline. Its advocacy efforts are focused on the promotion of the role of geology and geologists in society.
AIPG Membership Categories
Certified Professional Geologist (CPG)
Certified Professional Geologists constitute the highest grade of individual membership within the Institute and applicants are screened for required education, experience, and character. Only Certified Professional Geologists can hold designated positions within the Institute.
Professional Member
Professional Members shall normally hold a baccalaureate or higher degree in a geological science but are not otherwise screened prior to acceptance.
Young Professional Member
Young Professional Members is applicable during the first three (3) years upon earning a baccalaureate but are not otherwise screened prior to acceptance.
Student Adjunct Members shall be currently enrolled majors in a geoscience program at a college, university, or similar institution.
Anyone interested in the profession of geology and the aims of the Institute but who is not qualified for another membership category may be an Associate Adjunct Member.


text:
trida'l, nDv.12
Choir and cHorale perform 1/arnasie'
by Dale Osterman
Last Thursday evening at
O'Shaughnessy Auditorium,
College of St. Catherine,
and again Friday night at
Northrup Auditorium on the
U of M campus, the Bethel
College Choir and Alumni
Chorale performed with the
Minnesota Symphony Orchestra.
The choir performed in the
featured work of the concert
and in doing so, participated
in a Twin Cities premiere of
the contemporary work, "Harnasie,"
by Polish composer
Karol Szymanowski.
Former ambassador Young
to address SE Asia policy
A specialist in Southeast Asian affairs will bring a convocation
address on "American Policies for the New Asia" in the
Bethel College fieldhouse, Friday, Nov. 12, at 8 p.m.
He is Kenneth Young, Jr., former ambassador to Thailand
and U.S. representative to the SEATO Council in Bangkok in the
early 60's, a consultant to the State department since 1963 and
former director o·f the U.S. Office o·f Southeastern Affairs.
Young is now associated with John D. Rockdeller III as ad·
visor primarily in Asian affairs.
Young spent his early student years in China in the mid·
thirties. Since then he has devoted most of his years to the study
of Asian peoples and their problems. He holds both bachelor's and
master's degrees from Harvard University with concentrations in
both Eastern languages and international law and relations.
Among books and essays that Young has authored are, THE
SOUTHEAST ASIAN CRISIS (Ocean Press), UNITED STATES
NEGOTIATIONS WITH COMMUNIST CHINA 1953·1967 (for the
Council on Foreign Relations) and DIPLOMACY AND POWER
.J.1Ii W~SHINGTO~-PEKI~~.PEA.LINGS _(Univer$Jt¥ J1LChicago
The work is an exciting
combination of impressionistic
and contemporary techniques,
with many moods and
emotions represented.
Guest soloist for the performances
was Andrzej Bachleda,
current tenor soloist for
the Warsaw and Cracow
The choir began preparing
"H arnasie" two weeks prior
to the beginning of school to
memorize the music by performance
time. There was only
one rehearsal with the orchestra,
on Wednesday night,
the evening before the performance.
Both evenings proved to be
truly exciting for the performers,
audiences, as well
as for conductor Stanislaw
Skrowaczewski. The maestro
extended his heartfelt thanks
to Dr. Berglund and the choir
members for their part in
the performance.
Choir members now anxiously
await Interim which
brings their tour to Europe.
College Choir and the Alumni
Chorale will be
assisting the symphony again
in the spring d':;,'ring thcir-"regular
concert series.
(lCbaprl ~ote!i
Monday- A Jim Johnson Sing
(with Eddie Thomas)
$pif Band in "'hole
Tuesday- President Lund- Union on the University of Minnesota
campus. The price will
be a modest one dollar and
Band honors
1 Oath Bethel
by Caren Johnson
Free cake, gay music, and
a good time are on the menu
for the BETHEL BAND
POPS CONCERT. The 75
member band is celebrating
Bethel's 100th birthday on
Friday night, Nov. 19, at 8
p.m. in the college fieldhouse.
President Lundquist will be
there to cut the large, festive
birthday cake, and party refreshments
will be on sale to
complement the cake.
The concert will feature
alumnus trumpeter GENE
THOMPSON, a music education
major and a graduate of
JAN GERRARD, assistant
director, will conduct " March
of the Slide Trombones."
The concert will have something
for everyone. Folk
s0rYls-,-- marc]l,es, Spanish melodies,
some swing, and other
pieces will blend the concert
into a night of enjoyment.
Special student rates for
tickets of $1.00 will be offered
Nov. 17, 18, and 19 during
the day. Buy them while
they last!
quist's birthday chapel with
a treat for everyone following
Wednesday- Joe Gooden, missionary
to Japan
The great super fantastic Bo
Conrad Spit Band, that grew-up
on our very own campus, will be
at the Whole Coffeeshop Sat·
urday, November 13, at 9 p.m.
This will be the first performance
since April of last year.
You don't want to miss this one
time performance! The Whole
Coffeeshop is located at the east
end of the Coffman Memorial
twenty·five cents. *=============o:t.
Thursday- Convocation, Ed
McGaa, American Indian,
speaking on Indian religions
Friday- Dean Virgil Olson
KING documentary
to be shown Monday
"KING", a two and a half hour documentary film on the life
of Dr. Martin Luther King, will be shown in convocation Nov.
15,7:30 p.m., in the fieldhouse.
"When I first saw the film two years ago, it was the most
shocking and valuable experience of the year, said Jim Johnson,
Professor of History and a member of the convocation committee.
"1 think Martin Luther King was a beautiful example of a
true follower of Christ. He was the kind of Christian in action I
wish I could be."
Originally shown simultaneously in 300 cities to half a million
people on March 24, 1970, the documentary was conceived by the
distinguished film producer Ely Landau as a tribute to the slain
black leader. Reaction to the premeire showing by both audiences
and critics was overwhelmingly enthusiastic.
To the editor:
When our brother from St. Paul
Bible College stood up to speak
his mind at the PHIL DRISCOLL
CONCERT the other night, it was
disturbing to hear several Bethel
students chant, "sit down!" We were
embarrassed by the thought of "com·
municating Christ" at a "concert
for entertainment." In the awkward
situation, Driscoll tried to explain
that he was not presenting a "religious
concert" but an "entertainment
When are we going to learn that
everything we do relates to Christi.
anity, whether it be planting beans
or attending Bethel football games?
When are we going to learn that all
of life is a working out of our religion?
elden john elseth
The film records the historic civil rights efforts of King and cQ"M«~~~.q,..o"M«~~~cq...,,~
his associate·s from the Montgomery bus boycott to King's 1968
death in Memphis.
Admission will be free, as the film is being jointly sponsored
by the Student Senate and the convocation committee as a regular
"King's life really made a difference for good in this world.
But Bethel students will have to view the movie and decide for
themselves the worth of his non-violent struggle," Mr. Johnson
Don't miss a Bethel first, attend
the Bassoon Recital of Jan
Gerrard with accompanyment
by Mrs. Fardig. Together, they
will be assisted by the Woodwind
Quintet. This piece of excellence
will be presented to
the campus Sunday, Nov. 14, at
3 p.m. in Room 106.
To the editor:
A newspaper influences its
readers by what it includes
as well as by what it doesn't
include. (What you don't
know CAN hurt you).
Of the 43 art shows, 32
theater stagings, 27 major
musical programs. and 40
special film screenings occurring
in the Twin Cities area
this week, (Oct. 31 - Nov. 6)
the Bethel College CLARION
managed to inform us of only
three. These three were Bethel
sponsored. This doesn't reflect
much awareness or appreciation
for the other 139
productions, in my opinion.
I don't expect the CLARION
to become a MINNEAPOLIS
arts section but I strongly
suggest the CLARION take a
more active role in pointing
us towards the many worthwhile
events of the Twin Cities
Perhaps a list of upcoming
music, art, theater, movie, and
special speaker events published
in each CLARION
would be a step in this dir-ection.
Mark Steward
With a 1-8 record, Bethel's
frustrated football team finished
its season with losses
to Northwestern of Iowa and
Dakota Wesleyan.
Bethel's defense played one
of its best games in its 8-0
loss to Dakota Wesleyan.
Offensively this season
the Royals were shut out six
times in their nine-game
schedule. The offense scored
one touchdown after the Sioux
Falls win - the second game
of the year.
One bright spot for the offense
was Bethel's total passing
yardage. It exceeded that
of their opponents, 839 to
Rushing was a completely
different picture. Royal opponents
more than tripled
Bethel's rushing yardage,
1635 to 531.
Nov. 19-Befhel Pops Concerf
Nov. 21-Beach Boys-Gufhrie Theafer
* Firsf home baskefball game is November 20 followed by a concerf.
Nov. 13-"The Absenf-Minded Professor" and "Texas John
Nov. 15-"Marfin Lufher King".
* Usual iokes cancelled fhis week on accounf of somefhing fa say
for a change.
• Jusf a word abouf PHIL DRISCOLL and YURMAMA. I realize
fhaf fhis concerf caused a polarizafion among fhe Body of Chrisf
here of Befhel, so fa all of you, I apologize for my parf in it.
I had an opporfunify fa folk fa Mr. Driscoll for a good period
of fime and I am convinced fhaf he is genuinely frying fa communicafe
a message through his music. The message seemed
subtle enough fa be non-exisfenf for many of us, buf we are nof
fhe fype of people fa whom he gears his wifness. Be aware fhaf
whaf seems faa subfle for us is more obvious fa of hers.
My complainf is againsf you people who become so hard
fowards of hers. , The group behind Mr. Driscoll was composed of
non-Chrisfians. We had an opporfunify fa wifness fa these people
through our lives and attitudes, yet all we did was turn them off
to the message of Christianity. This is not written in bitterness
but I see a problem in our witness here at Bethel if we can go out
to all points witnessing and then show rudeness and a coldness to
non-Christians who visit our campus. If we live like that, then
where is our witness?
In the middle of the concert a Brother had the courage to
stand up and openly state his own convictions. He was met by
cries of "shut-up," and "sit down". Do you people see the inconsistencies
in our life styles? As Chrisfians do we not owe at the
VERY LEAST some simple common courtesy to our felow Christians?
I have heard many criticisms of the concert, I hope that
you people will listen in turn to my own feelings.
Bethel's Week
at FARRELL'S
Bethel Special
Royal harriers finished
third in the Oct. 29 Tri-State
cross country meet behind
Westmar and Sioux Falls.
Steve Whittaker, who paced
Bethel for almost all the
meets this year, finished
fourth behind Westmar runners.
Mark Anderson finished
15th, and Phil James took
Bethel did not compete in
the NAIA District 13 meet
which officially ended the
1971 cross country season
last week.
Freshman Whittaker said,
"This has been a rebuilding
year. The team showed a lot
of potential, and since we are
losing only one senior, we
should be tough in the future."
symposium lead"
to 3 weco
open TI1ike shows
Three Open Mike broadcasts
growing out of our symposium
with WCCO on Suburbia will
be heard on Nov. 15, Nov. 29
and Dec. 13 at 8 p.m. on WCCO.
The topics are:
Nov. 15-School Integration.
Is busing between affluent
suburbs and core cities
the answer?
Nov. 29-Metro Government.
Can local government
sur v i v e as regionalism
grows? What are the
Dec. 13-Morals and Ethics.
How do suburbs define
sin these days? What's
the role of suburban
$7.47 per day rate + 12
cents per mile.
Offer valid from noon Nov.
19 thru noon Nov. 29.
Call Rudy and reserve a
Ford or other good car
from HERTZ.
15 E. 4th St. - 224-1313
Good only at
Falcon Heights
Pizza Hut
Nov. 12 - Nov. 19
in Counseling
This age of skepticism calls for
committed Christian Scholars.
This age of anxiety calls for committed
Christian Psychologists.
The Rosemead Graduate School of
Psychology prepares students for
careers as Christian psychologists
through the integration of psychological
and theological concepts in professional
practice, theory and research.
For current catalog write:
Director of Admissions [W!] ROSEMEAD GRADUATE SCHOOL
Rosemead, California 91770
Long hair is in .
~ let us shape it
Involvement Opportunities
We have Sunday worship at 9:00. II :00
and 7:00 p.m., plu. College Cia.. at
10:00 a.m.
So do most churches!
Consider these opportunities for involve-ment
"One to One" tutoring program
practices on Wednesday evenings
"The Wreck" - Community teen drop-in
center each Friday night
For more information contact Sid Veenstra.
our Youth Pastor, P.O. Box 244.
phone number 646·2751
Central Baptist Church
Bus leaves dorms at 9:45 a.m. Sunday
Color quality, inclusions such as foreign particles
within diamonds, and cutting proportions
all determine diamond value and are often
impossible to observe with the untrained naked
eye. Don't succomb to the pre-marital jitters
and buy that diamond in a rush. A few moments
spent at Emerson's jewelry could be a
wise investment.
Qfm.er~on' ~ J etuelrp
1548 \V. La:rpenteur - St. Paul- 646-4114
Presented bv
Northwest Releasing
in person
BILL HALEY ~h: COMETS
Sl PAUL CIVIC CENTER
(SlPAUL AUDITORIUM)
Sunday, November 14-7:30 P.M.
Tickets $3.75 in Advance, $4.75 Day of Show
Charge your tickets at all Dayton stores.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
Earlier today we showed you a video of an angry wife destroying a Miata to spite her husband. In order to make it up to you, we're going to show you... more videos of people destroying cars. Yay!
Or rather, you're going to show us, because that's how Answers of the Day works.
That's the question of the day: What's the craziest video of someone destroying a car?
The beautiful thing about the Internet and the proliferation of camera-equipped phones is that people's emotional breakdowns, and the resulting destruction of property, can be captured instantly and uploaded for everyone to see literally within minutes. In other words, there's some pretty crazy shit out there.
Your turn. What video of vehicular destruction tops all the others?


text:
I received the following question from a beloved reader:
Hi, Grammar Vandal,
First, let me say that I'm delighted to share the same city with you. Of any city in the US, Boston should be putting its best linguistic foot forward. And when it doesn't, it deserves a little corrective vandalism.
So, here's my question: "Hip Hop" – I know that it is currently correct to use it both withand without a hyphen, but what about when it's a modifier? Does it behave like any other compound? E.g., he was well known vs. he was a well-known person. So, "I've been doing hip hop for a decade now…"vs "The hip-hop scene has changed a lot since Tupac was shot."
Actually, I guess we could pose the question of capitalization aswell, although since rock, disco and reggae don't get special capitalization status as a music genre, I don't think hip hop should either.
Any thoughts or suggested web references? I have the Chicago Manual of Style, AP Style Guide and US Govt Manual of Style on hand here as physical resources but none of them seem to care much about hip hop.
Many thanks for your advice!
MollyMac in Brookline
You know, I thought that this would be so easy. I thought that all it would take would be a few quick searches to find an answer. Not so much.
Like MollyMac said, neither hip hop nor hip-hop are listed in any of the aformentioned guides. Because of this, I'm going to do a survey of modern music information sources and tally what they use.
Here we go:
Hip Hop: NONE!
—Rolling Stone
To add in a few literary sources, I checked out the American Heritage Dictionary and Random House Unabridged Dictionary. Both use hip-hop.
MollyMac, I think you have your answer! This is pretty interesting. I always preferred to use hip-hop, and I'm glad that it's the default of so many major music sources.
Thanks, MollyMac. I particularly love the comma you used after "Hi."


text:
February 19, 2013
Vaughan, Ontario
Prime Minister Stephen Harper today announced the establishment of the Office of Religious Freedom within the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, which will be dedicated to promoting freedom of religion or belief around the world. He also announced the appointment of Dr. Andrew Bennett as Ambassador to the Office. The Prime Minister was joined by Jason Kenney, Minister of Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism, and Julian Fantino, Minister of International Cooperation.
Around the world, violations of religious freedom are widespread and they are increasing, said the Prime Minister. Dr Bennett is a man of principle and deep convictions and he will encourage the protection of religious minorities around the world so all can practice their faith without fear of violence and repression.
Under Ambassador Bennetts leadership, the Office which is now operational will promote freedom of religion or belief as a Canadian foreign policy priority. The Office will be an important vehicle through which Canada can advance fundamental Canadian values including freedom, democracy, human rights and the rule of law worldwide.
Our Government is dedicated to promoting the freedom and prosperity of the people it serves, added the Prime Minister. We will work with other countries and all people of goodwill, to promote the principles we share.
Specifically, the Office will focus on advocacy, analysis, policy development and programming relating to: protecting and advocating on behalf of religious minorities under threat; opposing religious hatred and intolerance; and, promoting Canadian values of pluralism and tolerance abroad. Activities will be centred on countries or situations where there is evidence of egregious violations of the right to freedom of religion, violations that could include violence, hatred and systemic discrimination.
For more information about the Office, please visit:
The Prime Minister's Office – Communications


text:
Getting your times down!
When I ran for the first time I was quick to wonder what a good time was. I mean running a 5km race and finishing with 30minutes on the clock seemed a great start. When I started to my mates it my bubble quickly burst and it became clear that I should be taking 5 to ten minutes off this.
So what is a good time and how do I go about reducing it?
First thing I need to look at is what runs through my head when I am running. Someone once told me to have a mantra running through my head. Maybe my choice of supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, Antidisestablishmentarianism and Defenestration was not snappy enough. Shorter words should lead to a faster stride! So next time out I will try run, train, win!
Alternatively: I hate treadmills!
This is because the next part of my gain speed plan is to train harder and get that time down.
Previously my plan was to trundle out for a five 5km on a Saturday morning, and do some impressive workout skips during the week, possibly mixed up with a run to the pub or a cheeky pizza.
Its clear that my workout needs a little modification. So the first step is to make sure that I do at least 4 workouts a week. I will keep my 5km on a Saturday, and add in a longer 10km on a sunday and two treadmill sessions during the week. Both of between 7-8Km
Problem is treadmills are so dull!
What can be don to spice up my treadmill workout? First is a decent playlist. At the moment I am addicted to my Spotify Premium account. They have millions of tracks and I can always find something that suits my mood and actiivy.
Now I am up and running on my machine of hell, its good I can feel myself getting faster. The music is good, and I am watching the world go by.
Its time to dig deep. Keep my new mantra ticking over, force the legs, keep the arms working send a quick reminder to the heart that team Mike is going to need plenty of oxygen filled blood moving to my extremes!
While I am raring along on my treadmill my mind starts to wonder, I can imagine myself on the track picturing the new personal best times. This is the motivation I need, the feeling of improving, getting faster and more efficient.
One thing that helped early on was a good choice of treadmill. This was harder than I thought. These things are not cheap! I turned to the internet for advice and inspiration. Most of the sites are quite helpful, one site was excellent Optimum Fitness had a huge guide and all the reviews that I needed to make a decision.
With my new treadmill, mantra in place and workout program established I am really making progress against my PB. Bring on the next race! I'm looking forward to smashing my next target.


text:
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Occupational Therapy
At Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, Occupational Therapy (OT) is an integral part of our comprehensive approach to patient care. Occupational Therapy focuses on helping individuals develop the "skills for job living" – everything from dressing and grooming to driving and working. By applying the proven techniques and latest technologies, Occupational Therapists enable individuals with physical and functional challenges to achieve as much independence as possible in their daily activities.
Treatment is designed specifically for an individual's needs following a traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, stroke, amputation, surgery, or other orthopedic or neurologic injury. OT also offers specialized treatment for hand and upper extremity conditions, such as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, tendonitis, fractures, strains/sprains and arthritic pain.
For More Information
For more information about Kessler's Occupational Therapy, contact or call Kessler's West Orange, Saddle Brook or Chester Campus.


text:
Miguel May Face Lawsuit After Injuring Woman at 2013 Billboard Music Awards
Miguel's infamous leg drop on an audience member at the 2013 Billboard Music Awards is coming back to haunt him. The injured woman is now considering a lawsuit against the singer.
According to E! News, Khyati Shah is pondering legal action with the help of attorney Vip Bhola pending results of a medical examination.
Bhola says his client has been experiencing "difficulties" after the incident but wouldn't elaborate further. "We will determine that after we have feedback from medical providers," he said.
It was all good between Shah and Miguel backstage at the awards following the fiasco. Although she was holding an ice pack to her elbow, she seemed perfectly fine and, might we say, gleeful that she got up close and personal with the singer.
However, it was probably embarrassing for her considering that the ordeal went viral and it looks painful every time we watch it.
Bhola tells E! News that he hasn't spoken to Miguel's representatives, but he and his client are open to a settlement. So there is a possibility that the 'Adorn' crooner won't have to go to court over this.
Hopefully, Miguel and Shah can come to an amicable agreement.


text:
Daft about Duchamp: the Bride and the Bachelors at the Barbican – in pictures
A new exhibition in London explores Marcel Duchamp's influence on four men: Jasper Johns, John Cage, Robert Rauschenberg and Merce Cunningham. The Bride and the Bachelors show – the title a nod to one of Duchamp's most influential works – combines art, dance, music, theatre and film in one space, all deftly arranged by French artist Philippe Parreno. It runs until 9 June


text:
So it's 2017 and the number of travel bloggers have radically increased since I wrote the first version of how to get a complimentary stay as a travel blogger. Hotels have acquired knowledge on how to assess the relationship of a blogger and their audience through an effective and easy metric system. They are slowly educating themselves to be able to see the return on investment if they are to give a complimentary stay to travel bloggers.
It used to be so easy. I've been working with hotels for years but I still find it very difficult to close a deal. Even if I have decent following on social media and a good Google ranking, I still have to put my best foot forward. I had to change my pitching techniques, analyse my methods and choose the best system that works.
I used to create content for hotels just to get it over with but when I entered the world of full-time travel blogging, I vowed to myself to always do my best when working with brands, most especially hotels. Hotels are never out of the travel picture – they are always there even if travel gets out of trend or reach its point of extinction.
Through endless analysation and experimentation, I would like to share to you what works when it comes to getting a complimentary hotel stay as a travel blogger – a method that I have applied about 4 months ago.
As the digital world evolves, attention span decreases. The subject I was using before was too long (so much that it exceeds the Gmail line, you won't even read the whole subject at first glance). Email subjects should be short and straight to the point. Hotel people are usually busy with so many things so if they don't deem your message important, tendency is it will go straight to trash.
You might ask why I use "Travel Journalist" instead of "Travel Blogger." The truth is, no matter how aware the world is about travel bloggers, they still don't understand the value of working with us. Many people still don't understand that this is a full-time job and deserves compensation. If I put travel journalist (which is technically another term for travel blogger), it looks more professional to them and they will most likely be interested in reading the email.
I know "hey there!" is so fecking informal but the salutation where you have to change the hotel name every time you are mass sending always gets me in trouble. The copy/paste thing is a real killer so if you want to make things simple, "hey there" is the key.
"Hey there!" sucks but it's personal. It's short and saves you time. In some instances, remember that hotels post the email address of the Marketing person (i.e. email@example.com) so if this is available, always bear in mind that addressing people with their first names is more personal. It gives them a sense of respect and it makes them feel that the email is really for them so they should read and answer it.
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I used to have a detailed (100 word) paragraph about what my blog is all about but I realised that nobody is actually interested in that. Hotels are more particular with numbers, with achievements so instead of putting effort in introducing my brand, I now go straight to the trophies:
"I am Trisha Velarmino, a travel journalist and I run the popular adventure travel blog P.S. I'm On My Way (don't forget to link the anchor text of your blog name) and I'm writing to you today about featuring your company in a digital travel magazine with an extra online (social media) exposure. I am also a top reviewer on TripAdvisor and have written for platforms like Thought Catalog, Huffington Post, BBC, etc."
This is short but it gives them a better understanding of who and what you are. I also realised that if you copy/paste the "about" page of your blog as an intro, they won't click your blog link anymore. They won't be curious and won't find it interesting to know more about you.
Give them a reason to click.


text:
- Additional Information
Look LK231002 Additional Info Metallic clasp tie at back.
- Sizing Guide
Model Size: Small
Standard Sizing Guide: Please use the chart below as a general guide to compare the various size scales for our designers. If you specific sizing questions or would like more information, please contact Customer Care.
Our model's measurements are:
- Height: 5'8
- Waist: 24
- Bust: 32B
- Hips: 34
Sizes Chest (in) Waist (in) Hips (in) XS 0-2 31.5-32.5 23-24 33.5-35 S 2-4 33.5-34.5 25-26 36-37 M 6-8 35.5-37.5 27-28 38-39 L 10-12 38-39.5 29.5-31 40.5-42
- Returns
We totally get that not every purchase will be exactly right. This is why we want to make it easy for you to return. ALL USA RETURNS ARE FREE.
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