Salvador Guerrero IV (born October 20, 1970) better known by his ring names Chavo Guerrero and Chavo Guerrero Jr., is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his tenures in World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/WWE), Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), All Elite Wrestling (AEW), Lucha Underground (LU), Ring of Honor (ROH) and Nación Lucha Libre (NLL).

As a singles wrestler, Guerrero Jr. is a former ECW World Champion in WWE, and a six-time Cruiserweight Champion between WWE and WCW. He also achieved success in tag team wrestling, being a five-time world tag team champion – winning the WWE Tag Team Championship twice with Eddie Guerrero as Los Guerreros, the WCW World Tag Team Championship once with Corporal Cajun as the Misfits in Action, and the TNA World Tag Team Championship twice with Hernandez. Between WCW, WWE, and TNA, he has held a dozen total championships, including one world championship.

Early life
Salvador was born and raised in El Paso, Texas. Guerrero grew up watching wrestling and going to wrestling promotions where he watched his family wrestle. There was also a wrestling ring in the Guerreros' back yard. Chavo played with his uncle Eddie Guerrero constantly in the wrestling ring while practicing moves on each other.

Professional wrestling career

Early career (1994–1996)
Guerrero made his professional wrestling debut in May 1994 wrestling in Mexico. He toured with New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) during 1996, featuring mainly on the lower card. Guerrero competed in the Best of the Super Junior IV tournament but did not earn enough points to become the victor.

World Championship Wrestling (1996–2001)

He joined World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in May 1996. He made his in-ring debut wrestling Steven Regal in a dark match. On July 22—Guerrero's WCW Monday Nitro debut—he lost to Dean Malenko via submission. On August 3, 1996, Guerrero received his first title shot in WCW against Ric Flair on WCW Saturday Night for the WCW United States Championship. Flair beat Guerrero via submission to retain his championship.

Guerrero's first pay-per-view (PPV) appearance was in a dark match loss to Konnan on WCW Hog Wild. Then at WCW WorldWide, on August 11, 1996, he and Eddie Guerrero defeated High Voltage. After a series of singles wins, Guerrero faced Diamond Dallas Page after a short feud on Fall Brawl in a losing effort on September 15.

While in WCW, Chavo shared the limelight with his uncle Eddie, becoming a reluctant ally of his uncle's. As part of their storyline, Eddie continually tried to make Chavo adopt Eddie's cheating tactics, but he often refused to do so. Eventually, Guerrero's treatment at the hands of Eddie would drive him "crazy," and he adopted the gimmick of a psycho fixated with a hobby horse he dubbed "Pepé." This led to a feud with Norman Smiley in which Pepé was thrown into a woodchipper. Another result of his insanity was his inability to join Eddie's Latino World Order stable, which was a take-off of the nWo. On June 14, 1998, Chavo defeated his uncle Eddie at The Great American Bash PPV. In July 1998 at the Bash at the Beach PPV, Guerrero faced Stevie Ray in a "tune up match" before he faced Eddie in a Hair vs Hair match, a match where the winner gets to shave his opponent's hair. Chavo lost via opposum pin and began to shave his own hair off.

On January 17, 1999 at Souled Out, Guerrero was defeated by Norman Smiley in a match that was booked due to Guerrero's companion Pepe being burnt by Smiley, ending the Pepe gimmick.

Guerrero and Billy Kidman tag teamed for a WCW tag team title tournament held on Nitro. Guerrero then turned on Kidman after being eliminated from the tournament, starting a feud. Guerrero faced Kidman for the WCW Cruiserweight Championship on WCW Superbrawl 9 on February 21, 1999 but failed to win the championship.

He was also a member of the comedy stable The Misfits in Action (MIA), consisting of himself, Hugh Morris (better known as Bill DeMott), Lash LeRoux and Van Hammer. They were managed by Major Gunns. Guerrero was billed as "Lieutenant Loco." As Loco, he defeated Daffney for the Cruiserweight Championship in a triangle match also involving Disco Inferno on June 7, 2000 episode of Thunder. On June 11, 2000 at The Great American Bash, Lt. Loco defeated Disco Inferno to retain the title. Loco lost the championship to Lance Storm a month later on Nitro. At WCW Mayhem, Loco left the MIA and reverted to Chavo Guerrero Jr.

Guerrero won the Cruiserweight Championship from Mike Sanders on the December 6 episode of Thunder. He retained the title against Rey Mysterio Jr. on February 18, 2001 at SuperBrawl Revenge. As Cruiserweight Champion, Guerrero engaged in a feud against "Sugar" Shane Helms eventually losing the championship to Helms at Greed.

World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE (2001–2011)

Los Guerreros (2001–2004)

Guerrero's contract with WCW was one of the twenty-five contracts that were included in WCW's sale to the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). Like most of the wrestling talent that came over with WCW, Guerrero wrestled as a heel under the WCW banner as his WWF debut was as part of The Alliance, a group of WCW and ECW employees who had, in storyline, invaded WWF after their promotion was bought out. On April 13, 2002, Guerrero faced Billy Kidman on an episode of WWF Metal for the Cruiserweight Championship and lost the match via pinfall. Guerrero spent time as an undercard wrestler in the company, which was soon rebranded World Wrestling Entertainment, wrestling for the WWE Cruiserweight Championship on numerous occasions.

Soon after returning to the active roster, Guerrero was aligned with his uncle Eddie, forming the tag team Los Guerreros. In contrast to his previous WCW storyline with his uncle, Guerrero fully adopted his uncle's policy of "Lie, Cheat and Steal" to win matches as part of the gimmick. Los Guerreros won the tag team championships at Survivor Series, when they defeated Kurt Angle and Chris Benoit and Edge and Rey Mysterio in a Triple threat tag team elimination match. The duo turned face due to their popularity. On the February 6, 2003 episode of SmackDown!, Los Guerreros lost their tag team championships to Team Angle. At WrestleMania XIX, they were again defeated by Team Angle in a triple threat match for the tag team titles, also involving the team of Benoit and Rhyno. They continued to feud with Team Angle and won the championships back on the September 18 episode of SmackDown!. One month later, they lost the titles to Basham Brothers. After losing their tag team championships, Guerrero became jealous of his uncle's growing popularity and WWE Championship ambitions, turned on Eddie, broke from the team, and turned heel again. He was soon joined by his father Chavo Sr. who sided with his son instead of his brother. Guerrero and his father teamed together to defeat Eddie and Kurt Angle on January 22, 2004 episode of SmackDown! Eddie, however, defeated Guerrero at the 2004 Royal Rumble to end their feud.

Cruiserweight Champion and Kerwin White (2004–2005)

At No Way Out, Guerrero defeated Rey Mysterio to win the WWE Cruiserweight Championship, following interference from his father (now known as Chavo Classic). At WrestleMania XX, Guerrero successfully defended his title in a 10-man Cruiserweight Open by last eliminating Mysterio. In the following weeks, Guerrero defeated Mysterio, Funaki, Ultimo Dragon, Spike Dudley, Jamie Noble, Nunzio in one-on-one title matches. On the May 6 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero issued an open challenge for anyone he had not yet defeated to face him for his title. The challenge was answered by Jacqueline, who defeated Guerrero for the title after she gave him a "low blow." He regained the title at Judgment Day. Guerrero then dropped the title on the May 20 episode of SmackDown! to his father, who "accidentally" pinned his son in a Triple Threat match which also involved Spike Dudley. Rey Mysterio later regained the title, and he and Chavo faced each other at The Great American Bash, however Mysterio won the match.

On the August 26 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero suffered a legitimate concussion due to Billy Kidman's shooting star press and had to be taken to the hospital. Guerrero returned as a face two months later, exacting revenge from Kidman, who had turned heel as a result of the injury to Guerrero. Shortly after his feud with Kidman ended, Guerrero returned to his heel persona after receiving a negative reaction while facing then-cruiserweight champion Funaki in a losing effort during a SmackDown! show in Japan. Guerrero went on to win the Cruiserweight Championship once again at No Way Out, after eliminating Paul London in a six-way cruiserweight gauntlet match. He lost the title to London in a battle royal a few weeks later; Guerrero was the first person eliminated from the battle royal when everyone else in the match ganged up to throw him out right at the beginning.

In June, Guerrero became one of the last minute trades in the 2005 WWE Draft, which saw him jump from SmackDown! to the Raw brand. The next week, on Raw, he denounced his Hispanic heritage in favor of the "Anglo-American way". This came after two weeks of being battered by the Mexican faction, the Mexicools. It led to the changing of his persona to "Kerwin White", a stereotypical, middle-class, white, conservative, Anglo-American man. He dyed his hair blond and often drove a golf cart to the ring which held his golf clubs. Soon after his debut, White started making suggestive remarks towards African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and other non-White people, specifically directed towards Shelton Benjamin. On the September 5 episode of Raw, White cost Benjamin a match against Rob Conway. Benjamin defeated White by disqualification the following week when White attacked him with his golf club. At Unforgiven, White was beaten by Benjamin. White then hired Nick Nemeth on the September 26 episode of Raw as his new "caddie" to help him in his matches. Reflecting on the Kerwin White character during an interview with Chris Van Vliet in 2020, Guerrero recalled how he pitched being dressed as a member of the Ku Klux Klan on TV to get maximum heat while explained how his gimmick got people of all races to hate him by saying:

Aftermath of Eddie Guerrero's death (2005–2007)

On the morning of November 13, 2005, Guerrero checked into the same hotel as his uncle, Eddie, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Guerrero was alerted by hotel security that Eddie did not respond to a wake-up call and upon opening the locked door to the room, Guerrero found his uncle unconscious. Guerrero attempted CPR but Eddie was declared dead when paramedics arrived on the scene. Later that afternoon, Guerrero appeared at a press conference with WWE chairman Vince McMahon to address Eddie's death. These events resulted in Guerrero dropping the Kerwin White gimmick and wrestling under his real name as a face. He defeated John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) on the November 18, 2005 episode of SmackDown!, using the "Three Amigos" triple suplexes and the Frog Splash in tribute to Eddie. He also used the cheating tactic, "playing possum," which Eddie made famous: behind the back of the distracted referee, Guerrero gently tossed a steel chair to a dazed Layfield while Guerrero lied down, pretending to have been hit. The referee then turned and, seeing the "unconscious" Guerrero, almost disqualified the oblivious, chair-wielding Layfield but stopped short so the tribute-style match could continue.

On the February 24, 2006 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero attacked Randy Orton when Orton began to insult Eddie and the heritage of the Guerreros. Guerrero was soon dragged out by security. On the February 27 episode of Raw, Guerrero faced off against Shelton Benjamin in a qualifying match for the Money in the Bank ladder match at WrestleMania 22. During the match, Orton interfered and hit Guerrero with the RKO, allowing Benjamin to get the pinfall victory. He proceeded to unsuccessfully challenge Benjamin for the WWE Intercontinental Championship on the April 3 episode of Raw. In a segment that aired on WWE Unlimited, an emotional Guerrero decided to quit WWE, in storyline, after believing he had let his family, Eddie, and the fans down and expressed his doubts about being a wrestler.

Guerrero appeared at Judgment Day to support Rey Mysterio. At The Great American Bash, Guerrero interfered in Mysterio's World Heavyweight Championship match, ostensibly to help Mysterio. Guerrero turned heel once again, however, by hitting Mysterio with a steel chair, which allowed challenger King Booker to win the match and the title. On the August 4 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero accused Mysterio of using Eddie's name to succeed, claiming that he had disrespected Eddie's memory. Guerrero went on to beat Mysterio at SummerSlam after Vickie Guerrero (Eddie's widow) accidentally knocked Mysterio off the top turnbuckle. On the August 25 episode of SmackDown!, Vickie came down to the ring to apologize to Mysterio and Guerrero but turned on Mysterio by hitting him in the back with a steel chair. The following week on SmackDown!, Vickie announced herself as Guerrero's new manager. Mysterio gained his revenge on Guerrero by defeating him in a Falls Count Anywhere match at No Mercy. Guerrero eventually challenged Mysterio to an "I Quit" match on the October 20 episode of SmackDown!, which Guerrero won after injuring Mysterio's knee.

A week later, Chris Benoit, another old friend of Eddie's, began feuding with Guerrero and Vickie, and the men would have numerous confrontations over the following weeks. Benoit defeated Guerrero to retain the WWE United States Championship at Survivor Series. After weeks of continued interaction, the two faced off in a United States title rematch at Armageddon that Guerrero lost when he tapped out to a Sharpshooter. Guerrero got yet another rematch the following Friday, losing the match after Vickie hit Benoit with the title belt. Guerrero snapped after the match, knocking over Vickie and attacking Benoit. The feud concluded with Benoit forcing Guerrero to submit in a No Disqualification match.

At No Way Out, Guerrero won a Cruiserweight Open Match when he pinned Jimmy Wang Yang, thus winning the Cruiserweight Championship from Gregory Helms. On June 24, Guerrero retained his title against Wang Yang at Vengeance: Night of Champions. At The Great American Bash, he lost the Cruiserweight title in another Cruiserweight Open when Hornswoggle pinned Jamie Noble.

Guerrero then turned his attention to Rey Mysterio, whom he had put out of action, in storyline, in 2006. Before Mysterio's return at SummerSlam, Guerrero mocked Mysterio's knee injury and taunted him during matches. He was, however, unable to defeat Mysterio at SummerSlam. On the September 7 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero then lost an "I Quit" rematch to Mysterio, after Mysterio assaulted his left knee with a steel chair. This allowed Guerrero to have time off to serve his suspension for violating the WWE Wellness Policy.

ECW Champion and La Familia (2007–2009)

Guerrero remained inactive until the December 18, 2007 episode of ECW, where he appeared after the main event between WWE United States Champion Montel Vontavious Porter and ECW Champion CM Punk and attacked the vulnerable Punk, sending a message that he wanted a title shot. Guerrero challenged Punk to several matches until he finally won the third after interference from World Heavyweight Champion Edge to earn a championship match. On January 22 episode of ECW, Guerrero defeated Punk in a No Disqualification match to win the ECW title following interference from Edge. In the process he proclaimed Edge and company as his "familia". He then successfully defended his title against Punk at No Way Out and on March 4 episode of ECW.

At WrestleMania XXIV, Guerrero lost the ECW Championship to Kane in a record eleven seconds. Shortly afterward, Bam Neely debuted to act as his bodyguard. Guerrero lost a rematch against Kane at Backlash and also failed to become the number one contender at One Night Stand. After Edge turned on La Familia, Guerrero returned to singles and tag team action with Neely. He also failed to regain the ECW Championship at Unforgiven in a Championship Scramble match, and later against champion Matt Hardy.

Guerrero was drafted to the Raw brand as part of the 2009 Supplemental Draft. He then became involved in the feud between Vickie Guerrero and Santino Marella. At Extreme Rules, Guerrero and Vickie were defeated by Marella in a Hog Pen match. Upon Vickie's departure from WWE, Guerrero continued to feud with Marella and defeated him on the June 18 episode of WWE Superstars. Guerrero next feuded with Hornswoggle, where the two faced off in various types of matches (in which a handicap of some sort was imposed on Guerrero by the various celebrity guests left in charge of Raw every week) with Hornswoggle gaining the wins. Guerrero finally picked up a win when he teamed with Chris Masters to defeat Hornswoggle and Santino Marella in a tag team match on the September 28, 2009 episode of Raw.

Final storylines and departure (2010–2011)

As part of the 2010 WWE Supplemental Draft, Guerrero was drafted back to the SmackDown brand. He started an alliance with Dolph Ziggler, and the duo defeated Christian in a handicap match. On the July 9 episode of SmackDown, Guerrero competed in a triple threat Money in the Bank qualifying match, along with Ziggler and MVP. Throughout the match, it became apparent that Vickie Guerrero (Ziggler's manager) had told Guerrero and Ziggler to work together to ensure Ziggler qualified for the match. During the match, however, when both MVP and Ziggler were down, Guerrero attempted to pin MVP to win the match himself, turning his back on Vickie and Ziggler, thus ending the alliance.

On March 8, Guerrero was announced as a NXT Pro to Darren Young for the fifth season of NXT. On the May 6 episode of SmackDown, Guerrero commentated on a match between Tyson Kidd and Sin Cara, which Sin Cara won. On the May 13 episode of SmackDown, Guerrero aided Sin Cara in his match against Daniel Bryan. At Over The Limit, Sin Cara defeated Guerrero, and again on SmackDown to end their feud. Afterward, Guerrero mainly appeared on NXT with Darren Young. His last match in WWE was teaming up with JTG and Young against Yoshi Tatsu, Conor O'Brian and Vladimir Kozlov on NXT in a losing effort. On June 25, 2011, at his request, Guerrero was released by WWE, ending his 10-year tenure there.

Independent circuit (2011–2021)

Guerrero appeared for the first time since his WWE departure at World Wrestling Council (WWC)'s Anniversario event on July 15 and 16, 2011. On July 16, Guerrero defeated El Sensacional Carlitos and Orlando Colón to win the WWC Caribbean Heavyweight Championship. In December 2011, Guerrero took part in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's India project, Ring Ka King. During the first week of tapings, Guerrero and Bulldog Hart were crowned the promotion's inaugural Tag Team Champions. On July 28, 2012, Guerrero appeared at a Vendetta Pro Wrestling event in Lompoc, California, defeating Joey Ryan for the vacant Vendetta Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship, holding the title until October 27, 2012 when he lost it to Chris Masters.

On August 2, 2014, Guerrero teamed with his father Chavo Guerrero Sr. at Vendetta Pro Wrestling's "Summer Sizzle V – VendettaVersary" event in a "Father & Son vs. Father & Son" Tag Team match against La Familia de Tijuana (Damián 666 and Bestia 666). Los Guerreros picked up the win. Following the match, Damián made a challenge to Guerrero Jr. to a hair-vs-hair match, in which he volunteered to put Bestia's hair on the line against the hair of Guerrero Sr. Guerrero Jr. picked up the win, but Bestia fled the arena, claiming later that he never agreed to the stipulation himself. On September 19, 2014, Guerrero made his debut for Chikara, when he, Hernandez and Homicide, representing LAX, took part in the 2014 King of Trios. They were eliminated from the tournament in the first round by the Golden Trio (Dasher Hatfield, Icarus and Mark Angelosetti).

In 2017, Chavo signed with Imperio Lucha Libre to compete in the title tournament for the Imperio Sudamerican Title.

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2012–2013)

On July 18, 2012, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) announced that they had signed Guerrero to a contract. He made his debut on July 26 episode of Impact Wrestling, aligning himself with Hernandez and beginning a short feud with Gunner and Kid Kash. Guerrero appeared on August 12 at Hardcore Justice, where he teamed with Hernandez to defeat Gunner and Kash. The two subsequently set their sights on the TNA World Tag Team Championship, unsuccessfully challenging champions Bad Influence (Christopher Daniels and Kazarian) for the titles on September 6 episode of Impact Wrestling. Guerrero and Hernandez ultimately defeated Daniels and Kazarian on October 14 at Bound for Glory, in three-way match, also involving A.J. Styles and Kurt Angle to become the new TNA World Tag Team Champions. On January 25, at the tapings of January 31 episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez lost the TNA World Tag Team Championship to the Dirty Heels (Austin Aries and Bobby Roode).

Guerrero and Hernandez received their rematch for the titles on March 10 at Lockdown, but were again defeated by Aries and Roode in a three-way match, also involving Daniels and Kazarian. On following episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez were set for another shot at the titles, but the two were ambushed by the Aces & Eights before the match could start. The title match took place the following week, where Guerrero and Hernandez failed again to regain the TNA World Tag Team Championship, following interference from Daniels and Kazarian. On the next episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez defeated Daniels and Kazarian to earn another shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship. Guerrero and Hernandez received their title shot on April 11 episode of Impact Wrestling, where they defeated Aries and Roode in a Two-out-of-Three Falls match, with the added stipulation that they would have to break up if they lost, to regain the TNA World Tag Team Championship. On June 2 at Slammiversary XI, Guerrero and Hernandez lost the TNA World Tag Team Championship to Gunner and James Storm in a fatal four-way elimination match, also involving Austin Aries and Bobby Roode and Bad Influence. On the following episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero was defeated by Hernandez in a 2013 Bound for Glory Series qualifying match. On December 12, Guerrero collected a briefcase in the Feast or Fired match, which was revealed the following week to contain a pink slip meaning he was fired from TNA. Guerrero's profile was later removed from the official site, and TNA issued a press release confirming his release as legitimate.

Lucha Underground (2014–2019)
In September 2014, it was reported that Guerrero had signed with Lucha Underground. Guerrero wrestled in the first match of the debut episode of Lucha Underground on October 29, losing to Blue Demon Jr. On November 5 episode, Guerrero used a chair to attack both Blue Demon Jr. and Sexy Star, who was Guerrero's tag partner earlier in the episode, turning Heel in the process. On January 7, 2015, episode (taped October 5, 2014), Guerrero participated in a 20-men Aztec Warfare battle royal to become the inaugural Lucha Underground Champion. However, he was attacked by Blue Demon and eliminated by Sexy Star. On January 18, 2015, (aired February 18) Guerrero was defeated by Mil Muertes and left Lucha Underground.

On May 20, 2015, Guerrero appeared in a video where he offered his help to Aztec Dragon to save his protegeé, Black Lotus. However, on June 3, Guerrero attacked Lotus, aligned himself with Dario Cueto and The Crew. Guerrero returned to Lucha Underground on June 10 (taped March 22, 2015), defeating Blue Demon Jr.
On January 10, 2016, Guerrero won the vacant Gift of the Gods Championship in a match also involving Aero Star, El Siniestro de la Muerte, Joey Ryan, Sexy Star, Texano, and Willie Mack, though he lost the championship a week later to Cage. On November 3 Guerrero lost to Rey Mysterio in a "loser leaves Lucha Underground" match and per stipulation had to leave the temple.

Guerrero returned in Aztec Warfare 4 on the season 4 premiere, entering at number 17 and making it to the final 3 before being eliminated by Pentagon Dark. During the second part of Ultima Lucha Cuatro, Chavo saved his cousin Shaul Guerrero from being assaulted by Famous B, turning him back into a face.

The series was discontinued after season finale, Ultima Lucha Cuatro.

Nación Lucha Libre (2019–2020)
In 2019, Guerrero and fellow professional wrestler Alberto El Patron created their own promotion, Nación Lucha Libre. The promotion debuted on July 11 with their first show that featured wrestling from El Patron, El Hijo del Fantasma, L.A. Park, Thunder Rosa, Bestia 666, and Bandido. Three days later their promotion debuted their weekly show on Imagen TV in Mexico. Nación Lucha Libre closed down on January 8, 2020.

Return to Impact Wrestling (2019)
On September 13, 2019, he made an appearance for TNA, now known as Impact Wrestling at their Operation Override Twitch special. In the match, he defended his World Class Championship against MVP. Due to the disqualification finish, the two had a rematch at the following night's Victory Road Impact Plus Monthly Specials.

All Elite Wrestling and Ring of Honor (2021–2022)
Guerrero made his All Elite Wrestling debut on the July 21, 2021 episode of AEW Dynamite, where he was presented as the "executive consultant" for Andrade El Idolo in what was his first appearance on TNT since he lost to the then-new WCW Cruiserweight Champion Shane Helms in the final episode of WCW Monday Nitro on March 26, 2001. However, their partnership was short-lived when El Idolo turned on him on September 11, 2021, after interfering in his match against PAC.

After it, Guerrero took time off to film Young Rock in Australia. During this time, he was removed from the roster website.

On April 1, 2022, Guerrero reappeared during AEW's future sister promotion Ring of Honor's Supercard of Honor XV, at the Curtis Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, on the card's main event as Bandido's manager. The match was to determine the Undisputed ROH Champion. Bandido lost the match, in part thanks to Guerrero interfering in the match in two occasions, which did not go well with Bandido.

Other media
He has appeared in at least 19 video games, including WCW games (WCW/nWo Revenge), and WWE games such as WWE Survivor Series, WWE Smackdown! Here Comes The Pain, WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw, WWE Smackdown! vs Raw 2006, WWE Smackdown vs Raw 2007, WWE Smackdown vs Raw 2008, WWE Smackdown vs Raw 2009, WWE Smackdown vs Raw 2010, WWE Smackdown vs Raw 2011 and WWE '12.

Chavo was in two documentaries about Rey Mysterio called Rey Mysterio: The Biggest Little Man and Rey Mysterio: 619. He was also featured in Viva La Raza: The Legacy of Eddie Guerrero.

Guerrero also has his own internet show/podcast called "The Chavo Show" on GeekNation. He has appeared on various other podcasts such as Chris Jericho's Talk is Jericho and Roddy Piper's Piper's Pit podcast.

Guerrero and Rey Mysterio own an online merchandise store named "VivaVLR.com"

Chavo Guerrero also has his own craft beer, Los Guerreros, brewed and canned at Alosta Brewing Co. in Covina, California.

Acting
Guerrero's acting career has consisted of minor roles over the years. Starting in 1996 when he appeared in the TV show "Red Shoe Diaries", in which he played a wrestler.

He played a character named Eddie on the Investigation Discovery series "Detective" in 2017 on episode titled "Warm Revolver".

He made an appearance as the fictional wrestler James Vasquez also known as El Mayordomo on the NBC TV series Grimm's fifth-season episode "Silence of the Slams". The episode aired on March 18, 2016. Also in 2016 Chavo played as a character named "Silas" in "Fight to the Finish", an action/sport/romance and was directed by Warren Sheppard. He also played a character named "Tex-Mex" in the movie 2016 Vigilante Diaries, an action movie.

In 2017 and 2018 Guerrero served as a fight coordinator for the Netflix TV show GLOW, training the cast as professional wrestlers. His uncle Mando Guerrero held the same position in the original GLOW series that inspired the Netflix show. Guerrero made cameos for two episodes of the second season as the wrestler Chico Guapo.

In 2021 Guerrero began working as Wrestling Coordinator for the NBC TV show Young Rock.

In 2023, he landed the of role of The Sheik in the upcoming film The Iron Claw where he also served as consultant.

Comic books
Guerrero worked with Lion Forge Studios to create "Chavo Guerrero's Warrior's Creed" in which he stars as the main character. The first issue was published in June 2016. At least four issues of the comic have been published. The comics were written by author Fabian Nicieza.

Personal life
Chavo is the son of Salvador "Chavo" Guerrero and Nancy Vasquez. He married his wife Shari in 1998 and has two sons with her.

On August 30, 2007, Guerrero, along with nine other WWE wrestlers were named by Sports Illustrated as having been given illegal steroids not in compliance with the WWE's Talent Wellness program. Guerrero received somatropin, nandrolone, and anastrozole between April 2005 and May 2006. Chris Benoit, Eddie Guerrero, and Brian Adams were also discovered to have been given steroids prior to their deaths during this investigation, as well as Sylvain Grenier.

In July 2016, Guerrero and his father were named part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and that the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit was litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE. The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018.

Championships and accomplishments

AAA
Lucha Libre World Cup (2016 Men's Division) – with Brian Cage and Johnny Mundo
Cauliflower Alley Club
Men's Wrestling Award (2008)
Imperial Wrestling Revolution/World Class Revolution
IWR/WCR Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Lucha Underground
Lucha Underground Gift of the Gods Championship (1 time)
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 17 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 in 2004
 Ranked No. 385 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI Years in 2003
 Ring Ka King
 RKK Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bulldog Hart
 RKK Tag Team Championship Tournament (2011) – with Bulldog Hart
 Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
 TNA World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Hernandez
 Feast or Fired (2013 – Pink Slip)
 Vendetta Pro Wrestling
 Vendetta Pro Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 Vendetty Award—2014 Co-Special Guest star of the Year (with Chavo Guerrero Sr. and The Godfather)
World Class Revolution
WCR Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 World Championship Wrestling
 WCW Cruiserweight Championship (2 times)
 WCW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Corporal Cajun
 World Wrestling Council
 WWC Caribbean Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 World Wrestling Entertainment
 ECW Championship (1 time)
 WWE Cruiserweight Championship (4 times)
 WWE Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Eddie Guerrero
Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Tag Team of the Year (2002) with Eddie Guerrero
 Worst Feud of the Year (2009) vs. Hornswoggle
 WrestleCrap
 Gooker Award (2009) Feud with Hornswoggle
 Other titles
 Talk 'N Shop A Mania 24/7 Championship (1 time)

Luchas de Apuestas record

Notes

References

External links

1970 births
American male professional wrestlers
American professional wrestlers of Mexican descent
ECW Heavyweight Champions/ECW World Heavyweight Champions
Living people
Los Guerreros
Sportspeople from El Paso, Texas
Professional wrestlers from Texas
TNA/Impact World Tag Team Champions
20th-century professional wrestlers
21st-century professional wrestlers
WCW/WWE Cruiserweight Champions
Lucha Underground Gift of the Gods Champions
WCW World Tag Team Champions
WWE Raw Tag Team Champions

Chavo Guerrero Jr.


British Landing is a place within Mackinac Island, Michigan and is located on the shore of Mackinac Island, two miles (3 km) northwest of the island's downtown and harbor.  British Landing is the site of a War of 1812 amphibious operation on July 16–17, 1812, by a joint force of the British Army and their allies among the Native Americans and indigenous people of Canada.  The operation led directly to the surrender of Fort Mackinac by the U.S. Army.

History

As the war began, Fort Mackinac, located at the northwestern end of Lake Huron, was a strategic strongpoint that dominated the Upper Great Lakes.  Adjacent to the fort, a trading post for furs was a key supply point for Euro-American-Native American commerce and exchange.

While poor American military intelligence failed to communicate to Fort Mackinac the news that war had broken out, the British military command in Upper Canada was not idle.  They promptly notified the commander of Fort St. Joseph, a British strongpoint located approximately 40 miles (65 km) northeast by canoe.  Ft. St. Joseph's British commander, Charles Roberts, determined to recruit Native allies and assault Mackinac Island.

With a single sailing vessel and a flotilla of war canoes, the expeditionary force arrived on the north shore of Mackinac Island on the night of July 16–17, 1812.  Full secrecy was maintained and the warriors landed without detection by the American army.

The sailing vessel had brought one or more light cannon, which were wrestled ashore at British Landing and hauled up through the interior of the Island to a location above Fort Mackinac.  On the morning of July 17, the British and Natives displayed their troops and cannon surrounding the fort, and demanded its surrender.  The operation was completely successful.  Fort Mackinac fell to the British without a single casualty.

Two years later, on August 4, 1814, as the War of 1812 moved towards its conclusion, an American expeditionary force landed here at British Landing in an attempt to recapture Fort Mackinac from the British.  Unlike the British landing of 1812, the American landing of 1814 was not a surprise and was not successful.  The 1814 amphibious operation was a failure and the American detachment was forced to re-embark on the same day.

Recent years
British Landing is now an important intersection on M-185 (Lake Shore Road), the state highway that serves as a non-motorized road and bicycle pathway around the shore of Mackinac Island.  Like the rest of Mackinac Island, M-185 is not open to motor vehicles.  During the summer months, British Landing is frequented by visitors who have arrived by bicycle or horse-drawn carriage.

British Landing was for many years the home of noted Shakespearean and drama scholar John McCabe.

Much of the land in the British Landing area is located in Mackinac Island State Park.

Registered historic site
In 1958, British Landing was added to the list of registered Michigan historic sites as Registered Site SO187.  A historic marker was erected.

References

Geography of Mackinac County, Michigan
Historic district contributing properties in Michigan
Mackinac Island State Park
Michigan State Historic Sites in Mackinac County
Michigan in the War of 1812
National Register of Historic Places in Mackinac County, Michigan
National Register of Historic Places in Michigan

British Landing


'Ein Beit el Ma (Arabic: ), also known as Camp No. 1 (), is a Palestinian refugee camp established in the northern West Bank in 1950, adjacent to the city of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), 'Ein Beit el Ma Camp had a population of approximately 3,588 inhabitants in 2017.

The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) supports two schools built with funds from the Saudi Arabia and Swedish Governments in 1997, close to the 'Ein Beit el Ma camp, on land donated by the Nablus municipality. The schools have approximately 1,268 pupils.

'Ein Beit el Ma, (No.1) Refugee Camp, west of Nablus city was established in 1950 on 45 dunums beside the main Nablus/Jenin road, and within the municipal boundaries of Nablus. Following the Israeli redeployment in 1995, the camp fell under Palestinian Authority control in "Area A". The camp is very cramped, there is serious overcrowding, and the narrow alleys are in desperate need of repair. During funerals, the deceased are usually passed through windows from one shelter to another in order to reach the camp's main street.

A serious outbreak of diarrhoea hospitalised several hundred camp residents in the summer of 1998. Contaminated municipal water supplies was the cause of the epidemic and UNRWA's health staff worked day and night to treat the sick and to take patients to clinics and hospitals in other parts of the West Bank.

18 September 2007, Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) and Border Police entered 'Ein Beit el Ma Refugee Camp. The entire camp population of approximately 5,000 people was placed under complete curfew for three days. The IDF entered the camp with the stated aim of disarming militant cells in the camp. After initial clashes between IDF troops and Palestinian residents inside the camp, the IDF began house-to-house search and an arrest campaign.

Over the course of the three days there were two Palestinian fatalities and 25 injuries reported, including two children and one woman. In addition, one IDF soldier was killed and five were injured including 4 soldiers who were injured when a tear gas canister exploded prematurely inside their armoured vehicle.

Footnotes

Populated places established in 1950
Palestinian refugee camps in the West Bank

Ein Beit al-Ma'


The King's Theatre is a theatre in Edinburgh, Scotland.

History of the theatre
The King's became famous for being a venue belonging to the theatre empire Howard & Wyndham. The theatre was originally commissioned by the Edinburgh Building Company Ltd, chaired by Robert C. Buchanan. The King's was built as a rival to the successful Royal Lyceum Theatre, which had been established for over twenty years. Buchanan was experienced in the industry as he already managed a large number of provincial variety theatres, however this was his most ambitious project yet.

The foundation stone was laid on 18 August 1906 by Andrew Carnegie, with copies of the current newspaper and coins buried underneath. During construction the owners experienced financial troubles being unable to pay the final costs to the contractor William Stewart Cruikshank and to the architects, surveyors and lawyers, at which stage the operating rights were transferred to a new King's Theatre Company, of which Cruikshank was a major shareholder. Buchanan was managing director and he took on the day-to-day running of the King's, with Cruikshank's son A. Stewart Cruikshank as manager. An attempt to sell the theatre to Howard & Wyndham Ltd chaired by Michael Simons, and therefore clear the debts, failed and the Cruikshank family decided to run it themselves with A Stewart Cruikshank becoming managing director in June 1908.

The building opened to audiences for the first time on 8 December 1906, with a festive production of "Cinderella" with Violet Englefield as the Prince and Phyllis Dare as Cinderella. The theatre began a successful career as a variety touring house with later visits from Carl Rosa Opera and Richard D'Oyly Carte's company. Under Cruikshank the bill of fare was widened to include drama, musicals, large scale pantomime, revues and opera.

Cruikshank later realised that his theatre was at a disadvantage by not being part of a larger circuit. In 1928 he sold his theatre to Howard and Wyndham, becoming managing director of the group under the chairmanship of Ernest Simons. Cruikshank, by now one of the leading theatre directors in Britain, became chairman in 1944 on the passing of Ernest Simons.

In 1934 A. Stewart Cruikshank decided it would be worth experimenting with a summer season in Edinburgh along the lines of seaside entertainment. The show, known as The Half Past Eight, had already been a great success at the theatre's Howard & Wyndham namesake in Glasgow, where comic Jack Edge performed to full houses for fourteen weeks. Edge was brought over to Edinburgh to open the show, but with meagre audiences it flopped and lasted just six weeks. Howard and Wyndham brought in Charles and Ilona Ross to produce their winter pantomimes. Charles Ross knew that the normal closing the theatre for the summer was wasting an opportunity, and he wanted to revive the summer show which had failed previously. Cruikshank was at first sceptical, but in 1937 he gave in, and gave the show four weeks to succeed or he would close it. Ross could not find a big star to front the show, and it seemed it was to fail once again. He eventually tracked down a young fairly unknown comic called Dave Willis. Willis was just what Ross had been looking for. The Half Past Eight show opened on 31 May 1937, and was billed as 'An after dinner light revue of song, dance and laughter – also starring Cliff Harley, Florence Hunter and the Charles Ross Girls'. At first, only a few hundred came to see the show, and by the end of the third week Cruikshank was about to close the production. What happened next was not to be expected. News of the show spread by word of mouth and by the end of the following week, the King's was packed nightly with standing room only. The program changed every week. There were big opening and finale numbers with the dancers in sequinned and feathered dresses, and Dave Willis was a hard working individual appearing throughout most of the show. By 1941, the show had stretched to twenty-eight weeks. When Willis moved to open a Glasgow version of the show, Harry Gordon took over. Subsequent stars were Stanley Baxter, Rikki Fulton and Jimmy Logan.

In 1948 the theatre suffered a terrible blow when A. Stewart Cruikshank was killed in a car accident at the age of 72. However, in true theatre terms, the show must go on, and Howard and Wyndham ensured this was the case. Over the years capacity audiences had taken its toll on the King's auditorium, the King's was soon crying out for refurbishment. In 1950 the glass canopy was replaced by a more modern design. Then attention was turned to improving the interior. The King's closed for ten months, during which time underwent some dramatic structural alterations internally. The building was redecorated, the uppermost balcony was demolished, and then the rake of the Upper Circle was increased and extended back. The sight lines had now been much improved, and this had resulted in the capacity being reduced dramatically. The theatre was opened partially for the 1951 Edinburgh Festival, with its Dress Circle closed off. It was closed once more for refurbishment works to be completed. The King's finally reopened again on 14 December 1951 with the pantomime "Puss in Boots". Over the 1950s and '60s the variety productions continued their success.

It was in 1960 that the first Edinburgh Gang Show took to the stage. Over 100 Boy Scouts enthusiastically performed their first Ralph Reader Gang Show to great acclaim which then started an annual tradition for both the Scouts of Edinburgh and for the King's Theatre, as they prepared for pantomime season. The show continues today with over 200 young people aged between 8 and 25 from Scouting and Girl Guiding in Edinburgh regularly taking part.

By the late 1960s, the increasing popularity of television meant that fees for stars were ever increasing, and this spelled the end of theatre. Without subsidy, large theatres such as the King's were doomed, and many would not live to tell the tale. In 1969, the theatre was offered and sold by Howard & Wyndham to Edinburgh City Council, to secure the theatre's future and its part in Edinburgh International Festivals and as a venue for Scottish Opera. At this time the King's was the most prominent theatre in the city, with the larger Empire now used for bingo, and the huge Playhouse still being used as a super-cinema. In 1970 the theatre was designated as a Category A listed building In 1985 the council invested £1.25m in the King's. The woodwork, carpets, glass and marble were restored, and in the auditorium the aisles were widened, and new seats more akin to a multiplex cinema were installed, and the apron and orchestra pit were increased.

The theatre is home to Edinburgh's mainstream annual pantomime, which is produced by Qdos Entertainment. The theatre is now run by the Capital Theatres which also controls the Festival Theatre. The theatre is also an important venue over the Festival period. Plans are now underway for a new refurbishment scheme to bring the theatre up to modern day standards.

The building

The theatre's interior and exterior were designed separately. James Davidson designed the building itself. He was a well known Coatbridge architect who designed many churches, schools, banks and offices in Lanarkshire and the King's is typical of his Lanarkshire municipal building design. The building's facade is distinctly symmetrical, and looks more like the offices of an insurance company than a theatre. The building originally had a glass canopy spanning over the pavements, however this was replaced with a more modern design in the mid 20th century. The facade has neatly arranged double windows, and a central feature design with pillars, bay windows and a semi-circular window above the entrance.

The interior of the King's was designed by J.D. Swanston, a Kirkcaldy architect with many theatres to his credit, including the King's Theatre, Kirckaldy. Swanston repeated much of the styling and layout of that theatre, opened in 1904, in his design of the Edinburgh King's.

As you enter the foyers, an arrangement of mahogany, heavily carved door frames, stained glass, pilasters with marble and parquet floors greets you. The auditorium originally had seating for 2,500, with tip up seats in the stalls and circles, and upholstered benches with metal arm rests in the top Balcony. After a number of alterations the auditorium now seats 1,350, just over half the original capacity. The design in the auditorium is a feast for the eyes. The boxes are arranged over three levels, and are tiered neatly on top of each other. The sight lines in the theatre were poor as the architects were not as experienced as others in the same field. Some of the boxes had abysmal views of the stage, and the Balcony looked out on the plasterwork above the proscenium rather than the stage itself. These were however, small criticisms as the theatre's qualities far outweighed the faults.

In 2013 a mural was added in the central ceiling roundel, designed by John Byrne, to disguise cracked plasterwork.

The theatre plans a major rebuild in 2020–2021 to improve access and facilities.

Sources
 Book – Scotland's Splendid Theatres
 Book – Guide to British Theatres
 Theatre Website (see below)

See also
 Edinburgh amateur theatre
 List of theatres in Scotland

References

External links

 King's Theatre, Edinburgh on Arthur Lloyd website
 Theatre Website
 Edinburgh Cinemas & Theatres
 Location on Google Maps
 Satellite view of Theatre

Theatre in Scotland
Theatres in Edinburgh
Category A listed buildings in Edinburgh
1906 establishments in Scotland
Theatres completed in 1906
Listed theatres in Scotland

King's Theatre, Edinburgh


Joseba Beloki Dorronsoro (born 12 August 1973) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer.

Tour successes
Beloki turned professional in 1998 with , joined  in 2000, and then  in 2001. A strong climber in the high mountains and a top performer in individual time trials, he made it to the podium in each of his first three rides in the Tour de France: in 2000 (3rd place), 2001 (3rd place) and 2002 (2nd place). He is the only runner-up during Lance Armstrong's run of seven consecutive Tour wins to have not been found guilty of doping, though he was not retroactively awarded the victory in the general classification of 2002 after Armstrong's wins were stripped. In 2001, Beloki also finished first overall in the Volta a Catalunya.

Crash and recovery
On 14 July 2003, during the 9th stage of the 2003 Tour de France, Beloki was in second place overall (just 40 seconds behind Armstrong) and negotiating a turn at speed while descending from  Cote de La Rochette, shortly after passing the Col de Manse, just 4 km from the stage finish at Gap.  He lost control of his bicycle after he locked his rear brake and the rear tire came off the wheel on a patch of tarmac that was softened by the sun, sending his rear wheel skidding first in one direction and then the other.  Beloki suffered a hard fall that broke his right femur in two places along with his elbow and his wrist. Armstrong was following immediately behind Beloki and, to avoid the fallen rider, headed off the road to go down the hill through the underbrush and across a small field. The crash effectively ended Beloki's career as a premier bicycle racer.

For the 2004 season, Beloki opted to sign for the French team Brioches La Boulangère in preparation for the 2004 Tour de France. He was reported as being fully recovered from his injuries by early 2004, but it later transpired that those injuries were taking longer to heal than initially anticipated. By mid-April 2004, Beloki had yet to begin serious competition for the season. He started his home race, the Tour of the Basque Country, but failed to even complete the first stage before retiring in pain from his injuries. Citing incompatibility with the French team, he switched to the Spanish Saunier Duval–Prodir team for the remainder of the 2004 season. Beloki switched back to Manolo Saiz's team (now called Liberty Seguros–Würth) for 2005. Beloki completed the 2005 Tour de France and finished in 75th place. In the Vuelta a España, he also completed the race without being recognized, since he was only 39th overall.

In 2006 he was among those implicated in Operación Puerto and was withdrawn from the Tour de France. However, on 26 July he was cleared by Spanish officials of any wrongdoing. Payment records from Beloki as well as his race schedule were found in Eufemiano Fuentes' possession in his office; however, Beloki denies any claim he doped with Fuentes.

Career achievements

Major results

1997
 1st  Overall Vuelta a Alava
1st Stage 1
 2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
1998
 5th Overall Tour de l'Avenir
1st  Mountains classification
1999
 3rd Road race, National Road Championships
 4th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
 4th Overall Volta a Catalunya
2000
 1st  Overall Vuelta a Asturias
1st Stage 5
 2nd Overall Tour de Romandie
1st Stage 3b (ITT)
 3rd Overall Tour de France
 6th Overall Vuelta a Aragón
2001
 1st  Overall Volta a Catalunya
1st  Points classification
1st Stages 1 (TTT), 4 & 8 (ITT)
 2nd Overall Euskal Bizikleta
 2nd Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
 3rd Overall Tour de France
 4th Circuito de Getxo
2002
 2nd Overall Tour de France
 2nd Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
1st Stage 1a (ITT)
 3rd Overall Vuelta a España
1st Stage 1 (TTT)
Held  after Stages 1–4
 3rd Overall Vuelta a Asturias
 3rd LuK Challenge Chrono (with Igor González de Galdeano)
 8th Overall Euskal Bizikleta
1st Stage 5
 8th Giro di Lombardia
2003
 1st  Overall Clasica Alcobendas
1st  Points classification
1st Stage 2b (ITT)
 2nd Overall Euskal Bizikleta
1st Stage 5

Grand Tour general classification results timeline

References
General

Specific

1973 births
Living people
People from Goierri
Spanish male cyclists
Spanish Vuelta a España stage winners
Cyclists from Gipuzkoa
Vuelta a Asturias winners

Joseba Beloki


The Academy (Traditional Chinese: 學警雄心) is a TVB modern drama series broadcast in June 2005.

The series follows the lives of a group of new Hong Kong Police recruits as they proceed through training at the Hong Kong Police training school (PTS). Within these 27 weeks, each of them learned their lessons, each of them become more mature, each of them become a better person as the relationship between the students and the teachers grows stronger and stronger.

A direct sequel, On the First Beat (學警出更) was produced and broadcast in 2007 continued with Ron Ng and Sammul Chan, alongside Joey Yung, Sonija Kwok and Michael Tao. Another sequel, E.U. (學警狙擊) was produced and released in 2009 continued with Ron Ng and Sammul Chan, alongside Michael Miu, Kathy Chow, Elanne Kong, and Michael Tse. Michael Miu reprises a new role as a triad boss in E.U., which is unrelated to his role in The Academy.

Cast

Main cast

Other cast

External links
TVB.com The Academy - Official Website

TVB dramas
2005 Hong Kong television series debuts
2005 Hong Kong television series endings

The Academy (Hong Kong TV series)


Sleep mode is a low power mode that some electronic devices use to save power while they are on. Some electronic devices that are able to use sleep mode include TVs, computers, and remote controls. During sleep mode, the electronic device will use very little power while they are still running. This allows the user to be able to turn the electronic device back on immediately even if the electronic device is running with less power than normal.

Technology

Sleep mode


Havránok is an important archaeological site in northern Slovakia. It is on a hill above the Liptovská Mara water reservoir around  from the village of Bobrovník, about halfway between Ružomberok and Liptovský Mikuláš in the Liptov region. The archaeologists unearthed a prehistoric Celtic hill fort and a medieval wooden castle in the 1960s, during the construction of the Liptovská Mara dam. Both objects have been partially reconstructed. During the Iron Age and the Roman Era, the shrine of Havránok was an important religious center of the Celts living in Slovakia.

History
The Havránok hill fort was an important religious, economic, and political center of the Púchov culture (300 BCE - 180 CE), in which the dominant Celtic tribe of Cotini mingled with the older people of the Lusatian culture. The prosperous oppidum was destroyed along with other Celtic settlements in Slovakia around the beginning of the Common Era either by the Germanic tribe of Quadi or by Dacians.

A medieval wooden castle existed near the remnants of the ancient hill fort from the 11th to 15th century CE.

Celtic shrine
The hill fort was a religious center of the Celts living in northern Slovakia. Its wooden shrine was built in the 1st century BCE around an exceptionally high wooden column, probably a totem or a statue.

Excavation of a ritual pit situated near this central cult object revealed bones of at least seven people sacrificed during druidic rituals. The victims were beaten to death, quartered, and in some cases also burnt. Parts of their bodies were subsequently thrown into the pit. A large number of agricultural tools in the vicinity of the pit indicate that human sacrifices may have served to insure a good harvest.

The shrine also included a number of smaller wooden columns, with burnt offerings (mostly jewels, agricultural products, and animals) buried next to them.

Other buildings
In addition to the shrine, the reconstructed buildings include a fortified gateway of the hill fort with a section of the stone walls (120-50 BCE), farmstead (300-100 BCE), a pottery kiln (300-100 BCE), and huts from various periods.

In the Iron Age and the Roman Era, Havránok was surrounded by several Celtic villages. Some of them were inundated by the Liptovská Mara reservoir.

The small medieval castle is also partially reconstructed and the whole area of Havránok is now an open-air museum. The site was proclaimed a national cultural monument in 1967.

Economy
The Celts of Havránok minted their own coins. However, the simple copper coins could not equal the quality of the contemporary silver Biatecs, minted by the Boii in Bratislava.

See also
Celts and human sacrifice
Cotini

References

External links
The official museum website
A more detailed description of Havránok

Archaeological sites in Slovakia
Castles in Slovakia
Celtic archaeological sites
Open-air museums in Slovakia
Museums in Žilina Region
Archaeological museums
Marcomanni

Havránok


Benno von Arent (July 19, 1898 in Görlitz - October 14, 1956 in Bonn) was a member of the German Nazi Party and SS, responsible for art, theatres, movies etc.

Von Arendt worked as a stage designer; he joined the SS in 1931 and the NSDAP in 1932. The same year, he was one of the people who started the "Bund nationalsozialistischer Bühnen- und Filmkünstler" ("Union of national-socialist stage and movie artists"), which was later called "Kameradschaft deutscher Künstler" ("fellowship of German artists") after Hitler began to rule Germany in 1933. Von Arent was made "Reichsbühnenbildner" ("Reich stage designer") in 1936 and "Reichsbeauftragter für die Mode" ("Reich agent for fashion") in 1939. In 1944, he was given the rank of SS-Oberführer (senior colonel).

Von Arent died in 1956, aged 58.

1898 births
1956 deaths
German colonels
Nazi leaders
Politicians from Saxony
SS officers
Waffen-SS people

Benno von Arent


North Yemen is a term currently uised tae designate the Yemen Arab Republic (1962–1990), its predecessor, the Mutawakkilite Kinrick o Yemen (1918–1962), an their predecessors that exercised sovereignty ower the territory that is nou the north-wastren pairt o the state o Yemen in soothren Arabie.

Neither state iver sel-designatit as "North Yemen" an the term anerlie came intae general uise when the Federation o Sooth Arabie gained unthirldom as the Fowkrepublic o Yemen in 1967 makkin such a destinction necessary.  Prior tae 1967, baith states wur kent in short form simply as "Yemen."  In 1970, Sooth Yemen chyngit its name tae the Fowkdemocratic Republic o Yemen thus eliminatin ony directional reference in either o the Yemens' offeecial names but the existence o twa Yemens preservit the North Yemen an Sooth Yemen designations in popular parlance.  Alternate forms wur "Yemen (Sana'a)" for North Yemen an "Yemen (Aden)" for Sooth Yemen efter their respective caipital ceeties.

The merger o the twa Yemens in 1990 endit the term's association wi an independent state but "North Yemen" continues tae be uised tae refer tae the aurie o the umwhile Yemen Arab Republic an its history an, anachronistically, tae pre-1967 polities an events (e.g., the Mutawakkilite Kinrick o Yemen or the North Yemen Ceevil War).

Basic information
Aurie: 195,000 km² (75,290 sq mi)
Population (1990 estimate): 7,160,981
Population density (1990 estimate): 36.7 /km²  (95.1 /sq mi)
Leid: Arabic
Caipital: Sana'a
Currency: North Yemeni rial
Cawin code: +967
ISO Country Codes: YE, YEM, 886
Historical dates:
Unthirldom frae the Ottoman Empire: 1 November 1918
Admittit tae the Unitit Naitions: 30 September 1947
Yemen Arab Republic established: 26 September 1962
Unification wi Sooth Yemen: 22 Mey 1990

See an aw
 Yemen
 History o Yemen
 Yemen Arab Republic
 Mutawakkilite Kinrick o Yemen
 Sooth Yemen
 Yemeni unification

History o Yemen
Yemen, North
Yemen, North
Yemen, North

North Yemen


American Graffiti is a 1973 American teen comedy-drama movie directed by George Lucas. This was Lucas' second movie and made him very well known. It is about what happens to a group of teenagers one night in August 1962 in Modesto, California, while they are driving around town and listening to radio DJ Wolfman Jack.

Release dates

Other websites

1973 comedy-drama movies
1970s teen movies
American comedy-drama movies
American teen comedy movies
American teen drama movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by George Lucas
Movies set in California
Movies set in the 1960s
United States National Film Registry movies
Universal Pictures movies
Screenplays by George Lucas

American Graffiti


The 10 Gigabit Ethernet Alliance (10GEA) was an independent (not directly related to Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), although working in collaboration with it) organization which aimed to further 10 Gigabit Ethernet development and market acceptance. Founded in February 2000 by a consortium of companies, the organization provided IEEE with technology demonstrations (including, for instance, a May 7, 2002 demonstration in Las Vegas, in which a 200 plus kilometres 10Gb Ethernet network was deployed, using 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SR and 10GBASE-LW ports, as well as presenting communication over the IEEE 802.3ae XAUI interface) and specifications. Its efforts bore fruit with the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board's approval in June 2002 of the IEEE 802.3 standard (formulated by the IEEE P802.3ae 10Gbit/s Ethernet Task Force).

The 10GEA was founded by 3Com, Cisco Systems, Extreme Networks, Intel Corporation, Nortel Networks, Sun Microsystems, and World Wide Packets. Other companies at various times supporting the consortium included: Agilent Technologies Inc., Blaze Network Products, Cable Design Technologies, Corning Inc., Enterasys Networks, Force10 Networks Inc., Foundry Networks Inc., Hitachi Cable Ltd, Infineon Technologies, Ixia, JDS Uniphase, Marvell Technology Group Ltd., Mindspeed, Molex Inc., OFS (part of Lucent), Optillion, PMC-Sierra, Primarion, Quake Technologies (acquired by Applied Micro Circuits Corporation), Spirent Communications, and Velio Communications (later acquired by LSI Corporation).

See also
 Ethernet Alliance

References

External links

 IEEE P802.3ae 10Gb/s Ethernet Task Force
 Collection of archived 10GEA whitepapers

Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet Alliance


Glenville is a neighborhood on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio. To the north, it borders the streetcar suburb of Bratenahl, the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway, and the Lake Erie shore, encompassing the Cleveland Lakefront Nature Preserve. To the east, it borders the suburb of East Cleveland, and to the south, it borders the neighborhoods of Hough and University Circle. Glenville borders the Collinwood area to the northeast at East 134th Street, and St. Clair–Superior to the west at Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and the Cleveland Cultural Gardens in Rockefeller Park.

History
The Glenville neighborhood was founded in 1870 as an independent village. Until 1904, it also included the now adjacent lakeside village of Bratenahl, Ohio. Bratenahl departed from Glenville during the city of Cleveland's annexation of Glenville in 1904. In its early years, Glenville had been a small village, serving mainly as a resort community to Cleveland's upper-middle class residents. It was also home to the Glenville Race Track (harness racing) and the Cleveland Country Club. Following World War I, developers invested in Glenville with the rapid construction of single and multi-family homes throughout the Cleveland neighborhood, turning the once quiet village into a bustling inner city neighborhood.

From a period beginning shortly after its annexation in 1904 and into the 1950s, Glenville was predominantly a Jewish neighborhood with a small African American population.
At its peak, Jews made up over 90% of Glenville's residents. The neighborhood's large Jewish influence during the time of its development was most notable along E.105th street, where dozens of Jewish owned stores, bakeries, kosher butchers, and other businesses lined the street. Several synagogues were built throughout the neighborhood, most of which are used today as African American churches. By the mid 1950s, the neighborhood's Jewish population began to relocate from Glenville to adjacent eastern suburbs. Similarly to surrounding inner city neighborhoods, Glenville rapidly turned into an African-American neighborhood.

In the 1960s, racial integration saw an accompanying civil unrest in the neighborhood, which reached its climax in the 1968 Glenville Shootout. Like much of the violence associated with civil unrest during the Civil Rights Movement in other major US cities as well as in the adjacent Hough neighborhood, racial tensions were a catalyst for an ensuing demographic shift.

Today, Glenville is predominantly African-American. While having been so for over a half century - being one of Cleveland's most visible examples of poverty, crime and urban decay - Glenville has in the early 21st century gained more positive national media attention, particularly in its high school football team, which has rapidly become one of the better known preparatory programs in Ohio as well as the nation.

Education
Glenville High School and its feeder schools serve the community at large.

Parks
Glenville is bordered on the northwest by Gordon Park (part of the Cleveland Lakefront State Park district) and on the entirety of its immediate western edge by the winding Rockefeller Park. Built on land donated to the city by John D. Rockefeller in 1897, the wooded 276 acres, through which a section of Martin Luther King Boulevard runs, is known for its historic greenhouse and the Cultural Gardens, and is the largest park located completely within the City of Cleveland limits.

Notable people
Notable residents of Glenville include:

Leon Bibb, WEWS television news anchor
Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, Cleveland-based hip-hop/rap group
Walter Fovargue, professional golfer and golf course architect
Benny Friedman, NFL Hall of Fame football player and coach
Abram Garfield, architect and son of US President James Abram Garfield
Willie Gilbert, playwright
Ted Ginn Jr., NFL player for New Orleans Saints
Steve Harvey, actor and comedian
Wilson Hirschfeld, journalist
Cardale Jones, quarterback who led Ohio State Buckeyes to NCAA Football Championship in 2015, current player for the Los Angeles Chargers
Jerome Lawrence, playwright
Hal Lebovitz, sports journalist/editor (most notably for his work in The Plain Dealer)
Jesse Owens, famed track and field athlete who won four Gold Medals in the 1936 Summer Olympic Games.
Rich Paul, sports agent
Jerry Siegel, fanzine editor and comic book writer, co-creator of the first comic book superhero Superman.
Joe Shuster, cartoonist and comic book artist, co-creator of the first comic book superhero Superman.
Troy Smith, 2006 Heisman Trophy Award winner, former quarterback for the Ohio State Buckeyes, and current quarterback of the Omaha Nighthawks of the United Football League
Donte Whitner, NFL player for the Cleveland Browns
Michael R. White, former mayor of Cleveland, Ohio
Pierre Woods, NFL University of Michigan linebacker and player for the New England Patriots

See also
Glenville Shootout
Shooting of Robert Godwin
Jews and Judaism in Greater Cleveland

References

Further reading

External links

Cleveland City Neighborhood Profile
Hear Her Sports Glenville - A project to highlight female athletes from the Glenville neighborhood including a a projected 100 interviews to be posted.

Neighborhoods in Cleveland
Populated places established in 1870
Jews and Judaism in Cleveland
Historic Jewish communities in the United States
1870 establishments in Ohio

Glenville, Cleveland


Mahabad and Piranshahr (, ); (Old name: سابلاخ: Sablakh, which may be of Mongolian origin) is a city in Iran. It is in the north-west of the country, in the region of Iranian Kurdistan and the province of West Azarbaijan. The city is south of Lake Urmia in a narrow valley 1,300 metres above sea level. There are about 162.434 people who live in the city. Mahabad is connected by road with Tabriz 300 km north, Urmia 150 km north and Arbil, in Iraqi Kurdistan.

The city is one center and symbol of the Kurdish nationalism. The reason is  because in 1945 it was the capital of the newly founded people's Republic of Mahabad. The republic was conquered by Iranian forces on 16 December 1946.  The president was Qazi Muhammad. The majority of the population is Kurdish. During the revolution in Iran, on 3 September 1979 the city was bombed and occupied by Iranian forces. After the death of Shivan Qaderi, a student and opposition activist in July 9 2005, the Kurdish population protested against the Iranian government.

Mahabad also a branch of the Islamic Azad University.

The region of Mukrian consists of Piranshahr and Mahabad.

Cities in West Azerbaijan Province
Kurdistan

Mahabad


Egg drop syndrome '76 (EDS '76) is a viral disease that affects birds, notably chickens, ducks, geese and swans. It is characterised by a sudden drop in production of eggs as well as its eggshell quality in apparent healthy laying birds.

Previously, this disease was commonly named as merely "egg drop syndrome"; however, it is now recommended that full name, egg drop syndrome '76 (EDS '76), should be used to distinguish the name discrepancy from the recently identified disease in ducks caused by a flavivirus, which is confusingly called "egg drop syndrome in ducks" or "duck egg drop syndrome".

Incidence
EDS '76 was first identified in Netherlands in 1974 and the virus was first isolated in Northern Ireland in 1976. It became a problem in European countries such as Ireland, the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom. Other places which have had outbreaks include India, Bangladesh, South America, Indonesia, Japan, and Africa. Since then, EDS '76 has been recognised as a global threat for the breeding and laying companies.

Cause
EDS '76 is caused by double stranded-DNA virus, called Duck Atadenovirus A (formerly knows as Duck Adenovirus A). The diameter of the virus is between 70 and 80 nm by negative staining.

The other name of this virus may include duck adenovirus 1 (DAdV-1), EDS '76 virus (EDSV) and adenovirus 127 (AV-127).

Species affected
The natural host of Duck atadenovirus A are wild and/or domestic waterfowls such as ducks and geese. However, the virus can also infect other bird species through contaminated vaccines, and contaminated drinking water by droppings.

Moreover, the virus become apparent and more susceptible in chickens of all ages and breeds, especially broilers and brown egg layers. The virus also causes symptoms in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and turkeys.

Transmission
Duck atadenovirus A can be transmitted vertically (from hens to chicks). The virus is often latent until the chicks reach maturity. Thereafter, the matured chickens begin to excrete virus and transmit through the eggs and droppings.

The virus is also transmitted horizontally between chickens. Mainly, it is seen in commercial egg layers whereby contaminated egg trays are often reused. The virus can survive both inside the eggs and on the eggshell. The virus can migrate from the eggshell to the tray and back to the other eggs placed in the same tray. Contaminated water supply with droppings and litters of the natural host contributes to the horizontal spread as well.

Insect transmission is possible yet unproven.

Sign and symptoms
The first sign of EDS '76 is usually the loss of colour pigment in the eggs, followed by the production of thin-shelled, soft-shelled and even shell-less eggs. The thin-shelled and shell-less eggs are so fragile and thus may get eaten by the chickens and get disregarded as litters. The shells may also be rough or chalky. Watery egg whites and a reduction in egg size may also happen as well.

The affected chicken flocks show a failure to reach a peak egg production. The fall in egg production can be up to 40%. The affected chickens may show transient diarrhoea, anaemia, and loss of appetite. Increase in mortality is not observed.

Lesions
The lesions are confined to female reproductive tracts. These may include inactive ovaries and shrunken oviducts, swelling and white exudate in the shell gland. Spleen enlargement may also be observed.

Diagnosis and detection
EDS '76 can largely be distinguished from other poultry diseases, such as Avian Influenza, Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease, by the clinical findings alone. However, proper laboratory testing is still needed to eliminate doubts for a definitive diagnosis.

Serological testing can determine if chicken have antibodies against EDS '76, which would indicate that they have been infected. This is only possible for non-vaccinated chickens because vaccination or infection both cause antibodies to be present. The common tests of choice include Haemaglutination-Inhibition, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay and Serum Neutralisation.

The use of sentinel birds (non-vaccinated susceptible birds) in the flocks is also useful for early detection and tested for haemagglutination. It is common practice for poultry viruses' surveillance.

Identification of the virus can also be detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction-based test.

Treatment and prevention
There is no treatment for EDS '76, but there are ways in which chickens can be prevented from being infected by EDS '76.

Hygiene:

Cleaning all areas, such as breeding and laying areas, and equipment may mitigate the risk of getting EDS '76. Shared egg trays have to be cleaned and disinfected prior to use. Healthy and uninfected flocks should be kept separated from infected birds and from the virus' natural host. Potentially contaminated water should also be chlorinated.

Vaccination:

An inactivated vaccine with oil adjuvant can be administered and has proven to be reasonably successful to prevent the clinical signs of the disease. This vaccine is given before hens start to lay eggs, usually between 14 and 20 weeks of age. Several vaccines are available: Izovac EDS, Nobilis EDS, AVIVAC-EDS-76 and other EDS '76 available vaccines.

References

External links
 EDS at The Poultry Site

Poultry diseases
Animal viral diseases
Virotherapy
Syndromes in birds
Animal vaccines

Egg drop syndrome


Thornton Heath is a town in the London Borough of Croydon, south London. There is a new leisure centre in Thornton Heath and there is a train station and a lot of bus routes. There are a lot of shops like Sainsbury's and Tesco.

Towns in London
London Borough of Croydon

Thornton Heath


West Malling is a small market town in Tonbridge and Malling, Kent, England. Its postcode is ME19.

There are many historical sites in West Malling that make it a popular place to visit. There are many shops. There is a population of between 3,000 and 5,000 people. St Mary's church is at the top of the High Street.

Towns in Kent

West Malling


Ernald (or Ærnald) (died 1163) was the second Abbot of Kelso before becoming Bishop of Cell Rígmonaid (St Andrews), the highest ranking Scottish see in the period. He was elected to the see on Sunday, St. Brice's Day (13 November) 1160, and was consecrated at Dunfermline in the presence of King Máel Coluim IV the following Sunday by William, Bishop of Moray, the Papal legate. He is alleged by John Fordun to have founded the "Great Church" of St. Andrews. His short episcopate ended when he died, according to Andrew of Wyntoun, in 1163. He was buried in the church of St Regulus (Riagail).

References
Dowden, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912), p. 7

12th-century births
Year of birth unknown
1163 deaths
Bishops of St Andrews
12th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops

Ernald


Joseph Taggart (June 15, 1867 – December 3, 1938) was a lawyer and a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing the 2nd Congressional District of Kansas from November 7, 1911, to March 3, 1917.

He was born near Waukon, Iowa, the son of John and Bridget (née McDavitt) Taggart. His mother died when he was an infant. He moved with his father to Saline County, Kansas in 1885, and attended Salina Normal University in Salina, graduating in 1890. He taught school in nearby Bavaria in 1892 and 1893, studying law during his evenings and vacations. He was admitted to the bar in 1893, and practiced law in Salina for several years before moving to Kansas City, Kansas in 1900.

Four years later he was the Democratic nominee for Wyandotte County, losing in a close election. He won the office two years later, and was re-elected in 1908 and 1910. He was elected in 1911 to the U.S. House of Representatives, filling a vacancy caused by the death of Alexander C. Mitchell, and was reelected twice.

He served in the Quartermaster Corps of the United States Army during World War I, then resumed his law practice in Kansas City. He was appointed judge of the controversial Kansas Court of Industrial Relations in 1924, serving during its last year of existence.

Death
Taggart died in Wadsworth, Kansas, and is buried in Mount Vernon Cemetery, Atchison, Kansas.

Legacy
A pin oak planted in 1917 on the East Grounds of the U.S. Capitol to honor Taggart was assessed as "in poor condition and in decline" by the Architect of the Capitol. It was located at the planned entrance to a new subterranean Capitol Visitor Center scheduled to open in 2006. It was chopped down in 2002, with plans to plant a replacement memorial elsewhere on the Capitol grounds.

External links and sources

Biography, from History of Wyandotte County Kansas and its people (published in 1911), transcription hosted by the Kansas State Library
 Memorial tree on Capitol grounds:
Capitol Visitor Center Tree Facts, mentioning the assessment of the Taggart memorial tree
Subterranean visitor center taking shape, an AP news article from the CNN website mentioning the Taggart memorial tree

1867 births
1938 deaths
United States Army personnel of World War I
Kansas state court judges
Kansas lawyers
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kansas
Politicians from Salina, Kansas
People from Wyandotte County, Kansas

Joseph Taggart


"Me Muero" (Spanish for "I Die" or "I Am Dying") is La 5ª Estación's second single release from their third studio album, El mundo se equivoca.

Song information
"Me Muero" was officially released to American and Latin American radio towards the end of 2006. In Mexico, the song topped the official singles chart for eleven weeks in a row, eventually being succeeded by Julieta Venegas' "Eres para mí". In the United States, the song peaked at number two on the Latin Pop Airplay chart and number ten on the Hot Latin Tracks chart. In Spain, the song peaked at number two. According to Promusicae, "Me Muero" has been certified 6× Platinum in Spain for sales of over 120,000 units, being one of the big hits from 2007 in that country.

The song was recently re-done in a "Banda" style by Objetivo Fama finalist and Mexican singer "Azucena del Campo", and has been released to much acclaim.

Music video
The music video for "Me Muero" begins with what appears as a fan cutting and pasting pictures of a wrestling star. The collage album is then given to the wrestler and he reflects on it while he faces a match. La 5ª Estación is shown singing from the ring in the arena. The supposed fan then shows up to the match as sign of support. Finally a scene is shown where the two kiss and it is revealed that the fan was actually the wrestler's wife. The main wrestler in the video is professional Mexican wrestler, Místico.

Charts

Certifications

References

La 5ª Estación songs
2006 singles
2006 songs
Songs written by Armando Ávila
Songs written by Natalia Jiménez
Song recordings produced by Armando Ávila

Me Muero


Crime in Benin is high and especially targets visitors.

Crime by type

Robbery
Petty crime is common throughout Benin.  Street robbery is a significant problem in Cotonou. Robbery and mugging occur along the Boulevard de France (the beach road by the Marina and Novotel Hotels) and on the beaches near hotels frequented by international visitors. Most of the reported incidents involve the use of force, often by armed persons, with occasional minor injury to the victim. Even in daylight hours, foreigners on the beach near Cotonou are frequent victims of robberies.

There has been a continued increase in the number of robberies and carjacking incidents after dark, both within metropolitan Cotonou and on highways and rural roads outside of major metropolitan areas. Overland travel to Nigeria is dangerous near the Benin/Nigeria border due to unofficial checkpoints and highway banditry.

Human trafficking

Drug trafficking
Drug trafficking in Benin is increasing, due mainly to the porous borders and lack of government intervention of the illegal drug trafficking.  While neighboring countries are making a concerted effort to fight the drug trade, the traffickers are using Benin to traffic drugs from South America into the United States and Europe. Drug use within Benin is low, with marijuana being the drug of choice. Marijuana is grown in the central region of Benin.

Fraud
There is a high rate of credit card and automated teller machine (ATM) fraud, largely targeting foreigners.

Corruption
In 2011, Transparency International ranked Benin as 100th of 182 countries on perceived corruption.  Benin's score was 3 with 10 being the best possible score.

References

Society of Benin
Law of Benin

Crime in Benin


Devin George Durrant (born October 20, 1960) is an American retired professional basketball player. From 1984 to 1985 he played with the Indiana Pacers and with the Phoenix Suns. He later played in European basketball leagues until 1988. In a Deseret News poll in the year 2000, he was voted one of the top 10 college basketball players in the state of Utah over the previous 100 years.
In 1999, Sports Illustrated listed him as one of the 50 greatest Utah sports figures.

Durrant has also served in various roles in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), including president of the Texas Dallas Mission and as a counselor in the church's Sunday School general presidency.

Early life and college

Born in Brigham City, Utah, Durrant was named a McDonald's All-American in 1978 during his senior year of high school. He was captain of the Provo High School team that won a state basketball championship.

Durrant attended Brigham Young University (BYU) where he played basketball and started every game of his collegiate basketball career.  He helped the Cougars to three NCAA postseason berths, three WAC championships, and an overall record of 79–38.  During his senior year, Durrant averaged 27.9 points per game, good for third in the nation.  For his efforts, he was named second-team All-American by the AP, NABC, and USBWA. He graduated from BYU in 1984.

Professional career
In 1984, Durrant was named District 7 Player of the Year and a consensus All-American.  That same year he was selected as a GTE/CoSida Academic All-American for the second time and awarded an NCAA postgraduate scholarship. Durrant was chosen by the Indiana Pacers as the 25th pick in the NBA draft. He played a season with the Pacers and part of a second season with the Phoenix Suns.  He also played professionally in Spain (in the teams Santa Coloma and Guadalajara) and France.

After leaving professional basketball in 1988, Durrant worked as a marketing director with WordPerfect Corporation.  He subsequently owned his own real estate investment firm. In 2009, he earned an MBA from the University of Utah.

In 2016, Durrant was inducted into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame. He remains No. 5 on BYU's career scoring list with 2,285 points.

Church service
Durrant is a member of  the LDS Church and has served in a variety of positions, including bishop, counselor in a stake presidency, high councilor, and stake mission president. As a young man, Durrant served as a full-time missionary in the church's Spain Madrid Mission. From 2011 to 2014, he served as president of the church's Texas Dallas Mission.

At the church's April 2014 General Conference, while still serving as a mission president in Texas, Durrant was accepted by the membership as second counselor to Tad R. Callister in the church's Sunday School General Presidency.  Durrant completed his service in Texas and officially began the Sunday School assignment in July 2014. In May 2015, the LDS Church announced that John S. Tanner, who was serving as the first counselor in the Sunday School General Presidency, had been appointed as the next president of Brigham Young University-Hawaii.  As a result, in June 2015 Durrant was called as first counselor, with Brian K. Ashton succeeding Durrant as second counselor.

Durrant has spoken three times in the church's general conference.  The first was in April 1984, just after completing his playing career at BYU, where he spoke on the topic of missionary work.  He spoke again in the October 2015 General Conference, while serving in the Sunday School General Presidency. In his speech he encouraged listeners to "ponderize" (a portmanteau of "ponder" and "memorize") passages from LDS scripture. The day after his sermon it was discovered that Durrant's son had launched the website ponderize.us selling "ponderize" merchandise. After a backlash on social media the website was taken down and Durrant issued an apology.  He spoke again in April 2018 about teaching families in the homes in a Christ-like manner.

Author
Durrant has written two books.  The first book is titled, Raising an All-American: Helping Your Child Succeed in Athletics and in Life.  The second book title is The Values Delta: A Small and Simple Way to Make a Positive Difference in Your Personal and Professional Life.

Personal life
Durrant's parents are George and Marilyn Durrant. Durrant and his wife, Julie, are the parents of six children.

See also
List of general officers of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

References

External links

Devin Durrant at Basketball Reference
BYU Basketball's All-Time Starting Five @ SB Nation
Cougar History – Five @ Bleacher Report
Deseret News: Durrant's induction into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame
Salt Lake Tribune: Durrant's induction into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame

1960 births
Living people
20th-century Mormon missionaries
21st-century Mormon missionaries
All-American college men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in France
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
American men's basketball players
American Mormon missionaries in Spain
American Mormon missionaries in the United States
Basketball players from Utah
BYU Cougars men's basketball players
Counselors in the General Presidency of the Sunday School (LDS Church)
Indiana Pacers draft picks
Indiana Pacers players
Latter Day Saints from Utah
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Mission presidents (LDS Church)
Olympique Antibes basketball players
Phoenix Suns players
Small forwards
Sportspeople from Provo, Utah

Devin Durrant


Military gliders (a variation of the common glider) have been used by the military of various countries for carrying troops and heavy equipment into a war zone. They were used mainly during the Second World War. These aircraft with no engines were towed into the air and most of the way to their target by military transport planes. One of the most popular tow aircraft was the C-47 Skytrain or Dakota. They could also be towed by bombers. Military gliders do not soar. Once released from the tow craft near the front lines, they were to land on any convenient open terrain close to their target.

They tried to landed with as little damage as possible to the cargo and crew as possible. But most landing zones (LZ) were far from ideal. The one-way nature of the missions meant that military gliders were treated as being disposable. This is why they were made from common and inexpensive materials such as wood. They were unarmored, fragile, aircraft with crude steering and no brakes. This is why a large number of them crashed on landing. Troops landing by glider were referred to as airborne infantry. Pilots called themselves "tow targets" while the soldiers referred to the gliders as "flying coffins." Casualties for some missions ran as high as 40%.

Gilders had certain advantages, however. Paratroopers, soldiers landing by parachute, were usually spread over a large area. They could easily be separated from other paratroopers and from air-dropped equipment, such as vehicles and anti-tank guns. Gliders, on the other hand, could land troops and equipment precisely at the target landing area. Once released from the tow aircraft, military gliders were silent and difficult for the enemy to identify. Larger gliders were developed to land heavy equipment like anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, small vehicles, such as jeeps, and also light tanks (e.g., the Tetrarch tank). This heavier equipment made glider forces much more capable. During World War II, the United States had about 6,000 trained glider pilots. Some were given a second chance to fly as glider pilots after failing to complete conventional aircraft training. The  Soviets also experimented with ways to deliver light tanks by air, including the Antonov A-40, a gliding tank with detachable wings.

By the time of the Korean War, helicopters had largely replaced gliders. Helicopters have the advantage of being able to deliver and extract soldiers to and from the battlefield with more precision. Also, modern advances allow even light tanks to be dropped by parachute. Only special forces use gliders for silent, small-scale insertion today.

References

World War II aircraft

Military glider


A theomachy is a battle among gods in Greek mythology. An early example is the Titanomachy (War of the Titans), in which the Olympian Gods fought against the preceding generation, the Titans. The war lasted ten years and resulted in the victory of the Olympians and their dominion over the world. Another case is the Gigantomachy.

In the Iliad, multiple theomachies occur. One is fought between Diomedes with the direct aid of Athena against Ares (part of Diomedes' aristeia in Book 5). Ares is wounded by the spear guided by Athena; this is the first theomachy to occur chronologically in the Iliad. Book 20 begins with Zeus' grant of permission to the gods to participate in the battle and is traditionally known under the title Theomachia. In Book 21 (478ff.) there is fighting between Hera and Artemis. This battle is shown by Homer to be almost playful as Hera is smiling while she boxes the ears of Artemis, which causes Artemis to fly away in tears. Seeing this, Hermes refuses to fight Leto and encourages to tell everyone she beat him. Also in Book 21, Poseidon challenges Apollo to fight. Apollo rejects his offer and comments on the triviality of gods fighting over the whims of mortals while their own pain from injury would be transitory and quickly healed. Theomachy is purposely added to show the unbridgeable gap between mortal men and the immortals who rule them.  By showing the triviality of divine pain, human suffering is highlighted.

See also

 Æsir–Vanir War
 Asuras
 Devas
 Jacob wrestling with the angel
 War in Heaven

References

Greek deities
War in Heaven
War in mythology
Deeds of Hermes
Deeds of Hera
Deeds of Artemis
Deeds of Apollo
Deeds of Poseidon
Deeds of Athena
Leto
Deeds of Ares

Theomachy


Dawid Przepiórka (22 December 1880 – presumed April 1940) was a prominent Jewish Polish chess player of the early twentieth century.

Biography
Dawid Przepiórka was born 22 December 1880 in Warsaw, Poland (then part of the Russian Empire), to a family of wealthy landowners and entrepreneurs of Jewish extraction. His grandfather, Izrael Przepiórka, built a large house at the crossing of Warsaw's Aleje Jerozolimskie and Nowy Świat Streets, in the very heart of the city. Both the tenement house and the Gastronomia restaurant located there (one of the most popular restaurants in Warsaw between the wars) provided him with steady income.

However, Przepiórka was more interested in mathematics and chess than doing business. He learned to play chess at the age of seven, on his own, as no one in his family knew the game. Declared a prodigy by the age of nine, soon afterward he managed to beat a well-known chess master Jan Taubenhaus.

Shortly before World War I, he left his family company for good and started traveling abroad, devoting himself to chess. Abroad he took part in numerous chess tournaments, winning many of them. His international chess career started in 1926. That year he became the first Polish Champion winning in Warsaw. The same year he also won a notable tournament in Munich (+4 –0 =1) ahead of Rudolf Spielmann and Efim Bogoljubov. He placed second (behind Max Euwe) in the second and last World's Amateur Championship in 1928.

Two years later he was part of the Polish team at the 3rd Chess Olympiad in Hamburg, where he won the gold medal in a team with Akiba Rubinstein, Savielly Tartakower, Kazimierz Makarczyk and Paulin Frydman. The following year, the team won the silver medal at the 4th Chess Olympiad in Prague, being beaten by the United States by one point.

His successes abroad made him popular among the Polish chess community, and he became the deputy chairman of the Polish Chess Federation in the 1930s. Przepiórka took the major responsibility as a chairman of Organizing Committee for 6th Chess Olympiad at Warsaw 1935.

During the 1939 invasion of Poland, his apartment was destroyed and he moved to share an apartment with fellow chess player and his closest collaborator, Marian Wróbel. A Gestapo raid on the apartment in January 1940, during an informal meeting of Warsaw chess players, led to the arrest of all present. The non-Jewish participants were released a week later, Przepiórka and the other Jewish players (including Stanisław Kohn and Moishe Lowtzky and Przepiórka's son-in-law Jakub Rabinowicz) were subsequently executed by the Germans in Palmiry. The exact date of his death is unknown; it is presumed to be April 1940.

See also
 List of Jewish chess players

References

External links

Jewish chess players
Polish chess players
Chess Olympiad competitors
Extrajudicial killings in World War II
Sportspeople from Warsaw
1880 births
1940 deaths
19th-century chess players
20th-century chess players
Chess composers
Deaths by firearm in Poland
Polish people executed by Nazi Germany
People executed by Nazi Germany by firing squad
Polish Jews who died in the Holocaust
Polish civilians killed in World War II

Dawid Przepiórka