Gerald Perry Finnerman (December 17, 1931 – April 6, 2011) was an American cinematographer who worked on TV series such as Moonlighting and the original Star Trek. He served as vice president of the American Society of Cinematographers, and won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography in Entertainment Programming for a Special.

Biography
Gerald Finnerman was born on December 17, 1931, in Los Angeles, California. He attended Hollywood High School, and afterwards went to Loyola Marymount University where he majored in abnormal psychology. Finnerman was a combat photographer before joining his father, Perry Finnerman, at Warner Bros., where Perry was contracted as a camera operator (and, later, a cinematographer). After Perry's death at the age of 56, Finnerman began to work with Harry Stradling at Warner. Stradling promoted Finnerman from focus puller to camera operator, and in 1964 the two left Warner to become freelancers.

They worked together for Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Columbia Pictures on films such as Walk, Don't Run, starring Cary Grant, and the Jack Lemmon movie How to Murder Your Wife. Finnerman was Stradling's camera operator when he won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for My Fair Lady. Stradling recommended him as a cinematographer to Desilu Productions for their new science fiction series, Star Trek, after Harry Stradling Jr. turned down the job.

He was subsequently hired, and, at the age of 32, was one of the youngest cinematographers in Hollywood. He later said, "On a show like Star Trek, you have to push the envelope, the result of playing it safe is a diet of pabulum." He used light placements and colored gels as mood lighting. Employing lighting techniques and changing background wall colors, he discovered that a range of effects could be seen on a single set. One enhancement he made was the effects for the transporter; he explained, "I put fixtures in the bottom and fixtures in the top, and [the actors] would stand on them. Then I would have somebody on a dimmer work the visual, the special effect of light going on and off, and then they would zap them."

He worked on Star Trek through most of the three-year run of the series, and afterwards moved on to Mission: Impossible, another Paramount (and former Desilu) production. He worked on The Lost Man starring Sidney Poitier. In 1969 he was on board a small Piper Pacer airplane with other crew, to scout out locations in Colorado. The plane crashed, and Finnerman was the sole survivor. The injuries he suffered in the crash resulted in him being required to wear a metal full body brace for the following six years. He joined the American Society of Cinematographers in 1970 after being nominated by Stradling. He went on to become vice president of the society.

During the 1970s and 1980s, he earned Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his work on Kojak, From Here to Eternity, and The Gangster Chronicles. He won an Emmy for Outstanding Cinematography in Entertainment Programming for a Special for his work on the television film Ziegfeld: The Man and His Women. In 1985, he began working on Moonlighting, for which he gained two further Emmy nominations. The creator of Star Trek, Gene Roddenberry, invited Finnerman to join the team putting together Star Trek: The Next Generation in 1986, but he turned down the offer. In 1996, he was inducted into the Producers Guild Hall of Fame for his work on Star Trek, and he was nominated by the Motion Picture & Television Fund for "Philanthropic Man of the Year". He announced his retirement in 2002.

References

External links

1931 births
2011 deaths
American cinematographers
Burials at Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Film people from Los Angeles
Hollywood High School alumni
Loyola Marymount University alumni
Sole survivors
Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents

Gerald Finnerman


Antalcidas (; died  BC), son of Leon, was an ancient Greek soldier, politician, and diplomat from Sparta.

Life
Antalcidas came from a prominent family and was likely a relation by marriage to the Spartan king Agesilaus II.

Antalcidas is first recorded at the outset of the Corinthian War. Following the end of the Peloponnesian War after the destruction of the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, Sparta had launched a series of raids against the Persian satrapies of Asia Minor. Pharnabazus, satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, finally responded by sending the Rhodian Timocrates to bribe the other Greek city states into declaring war on Sparta. Thebes rose up in 395 BC, eventually encouraging others to join in what became known as the Corinthian War. Persia was now on friendly terms with Athens and Pharnabazus permitted their disgraced general Conon to command his fleet of Phoenician and Cypriot ships in attacks that culminated in the destruction of the Spartan fleet at Cnidus. He was then permitted to return to Athens with part of the fleet and given funds to rebuild the city's Long Walls.

Soon afterwards, in 393 or 392 BC, Antalcidas was dispatched to Tiribazus, the satrap of Lydia, to sue for peace. Learning of his mission, Athens sent its own embassy under Conon. The Spartans offered full recognition of Persian supremacy over Asia Minor, and the satrap threw the Athenians in jail. When King Artaxerxes II learned that Antalcidas had further convinced Tiribazus to provide funds for rebuilding Sparta's demolished navy, he replaced the satrap with Struthas, who resumed raiding Sparta and her allies. However, the Spartan fleet thus funded regained control of the Gulf of Corinth by the end of the year.

For unknown reasons, Tiribazus was restored to power in Lydia by 388 BC. Antalcidas resumed negotiations and over the next year the pair journeyed to Susa to win the king's support for a Persian alliance against Athens. This was granted and Antalcidas was made admiral of Sparta's fleets. He pursued a vigorous policy, particularly around the Hellespont, and the Athenians agreed to negotiate with Argos, Sparta, and the Persians at Tiribazus's seat at Sardis. By the winter of 387 BC, the Peace of Antalcidas had been arranged, by the terms of which:

 all of Asia Minor, with the islands of Clazomenae and Cyprus, was recognized as subject to Persia, and
 all other Greek cities—so far they were not already under Persian rule—were to be independent, except Lemnos, Imbros, and Scyros, which were returned to the Athenians.

The terms were ratified by the city governments over the next year. The reassertion of Spartan hegemony over Greece by abandoning the Greeks of Aeolia, Ionia, and Caria has been called the "most disgraceful event in Greek history".

Antalcidas continued in favor with Artaxerxes until the revolting Thebans annihilated Spartan supremacy at Leuctra in 371 BC, diminishing his influence.  Plutarch notes a laconic comment made by Antalcidas to Agesilaus after one of the Spartan losses to Thebes, saying in effect, "Isn't it amazing how good they've gotten after all of the training we've given them."  That year or possibly in 367 BC, Antalcidas undertook a final mission to Persia. Plutarch held that its failure drove him to starve himself to death.

Notes

References

360s BC deaths
4th-century BC diplomats
4th-century BC Spartans
Ancient Spartan admirals
Spartan hegemony
Spartans of the Corinthian War
Year of birth unknown

Antalcidas


Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Portuguese pronunciation: [dʒɪwˈdʒitsu], English: /dʒuːˈdʒɪtsuː/) is a martial art, combat sport, and a self-defense system. It focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting.

Brazilian Jiu Jitsu was founded by Helio Gracie who was part of the famous Gracie family. He combined the grappling used in Judo but focused it towards ground fighting. Brazilian Jiu Jitsu often involves the gi but can also be trained without it, wearing only a rash guard. Like Judo it has many chokes and joint locks, but also includes leg-based submissions and strangles.

Martial arts
Sport in Brazil

Brazilian jiu-jitsu


The Battle of Radda was a military confrontation in March 2013, initially launched by Al-Qaeda in an apparent reprisal for the Yemen army's offensive against their stronghold of al-Manasseh following the collapse of talks to free the three Western hostages believed to be held in the area, of whom a Finnish couple and an Austrian man who were studying Arabic in Yemen, when they were snatched by local tribesmen in the capital city of Sanaa, where they were then sold to al-Qaeda militants and transferred to the southern province of al-Bayda, where the city of al-Manasseh is located.

Battle
On 28 January, a suicide bomber drove a car laden with explosives into an army checkpoint in Rada, near the town of al-Manasseh, killing eleven Yemeni soldiers and wounding another 17 more. The checkpoints were set up just days prior to the attack, but after the announcement of the offensive the suicide bomber detonated his explosive car at one. The same day, militants ambushed and killed three Yemeni soldiers in a separate attack, on the outskirts of Radda.

On 29 March, clashes erupted in Radda after a group of insurgents said to be from al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) raided a military checkpoint of the Republican guards at the main entrance to Rada. At least two militants were killed and one Yemeni soldiers were killed.

On 27 April, fighting resumed in Radda, leaving five Yemeni soldiers and two militants dead. According to a Yemeni security source, the soldiers were killed when al-Qaeda linked militants targeted an army checkpoint in the Rada' District, where the interior ministry announced on Friday its intentions to mount security measures following intelligence about possible attacks by al-Qaeda. A gunfight followed between Yemeni troops and the insurgents, reportedly killing two of the attackers.

References

Conflicts in 2013
March 2013 events in Yemen
April 2013 events in Yemen
2013 in Yemen
Battles in 2013

Battle of Radda


Existential counselling is a philosophical form of counselling which addresses the situation of a person's life and situates the person firmly within the predictable challenges of the human condition.

Well known authors on existential counselling are Irvin Yalom in the USA through his book Existential Psychotherapy (1981),  and Emmy van Deurzen, who created the British School and published Existential Counselling and Psychotherapy in 1988.

Dimensions of living
Existential counselling considers human living to take place in confrontation with three different dimensions – external world; other people; inner world. Others would nominate four dimensions: physical, social, psychological and spiritual.  Each of these dimensions can be seen as constituted like a force field, within which predictable paradoxes, tensions and dilemmas play out. Human beings can learn to deal with these tensions and conflicts more effectively by facing up to the negatives as well as the positives of their lives, including the tensions of life and death, love and hate, strength and weakness and meaning and absurdity.

Personal element
Existential counsellors stress the importance of the examined life, and of preparatory work on oneself, in paving the way for effective counselling. Thus in counselling adolescents the counsellor can optimally model an autonomous life based on the making of realistic decisions, but one which also acknowledges the role of failure as well as success in everyday life, and the ongoing and inescapable presence of anxiety.

Research basis

In the debate on evidence-based research in counselling, existential counsellors tend to stress the dangers of over-simplification, and the importance of qualitative as well as quantitative measurements of outcome.  While not necessarily expecting an easy resolution of the specific/non-specific factors in therapy debate, an existential counsellor will nonetheless favor evidence-based practice.

See also

References

Further reading
 D. Langdridge, Existential Counselling and Psychotherapy (2012)

External links
An Introduction to Existential Counselling

Counseling
Existential therapy

Existential counselling


For Your Entertainment is the debut studio album by American singer and American Idol season 8 runner-up Adam Lambert. The album was recorded during the summer and fall of 2009 and was released on November 23, 2010 in the United States. The album was released under RCA Records. The album was produced by Dr Luke, Max Martin, Linda Perry, and Ryan Tedder. It his #1 on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart and #29 on the 2010 Year-End U.S. Billboard 200 chart.

Release
The album was first released in the United Kingdom, on November 20, 2009, to generally positive reception. The album was released internationally with "Time for Miracles", "Master Plan", "No Boundaries", "Down the Rabbit Hole" and "Voodoo" as bonus tracks. The CD was also released in a Tour Edition, featuring the bonus tracks, live performances, music videos, and the making of "If I Had You"'s music video.

The album was released with a different cover, the same image of the title track artwork. The only difference it's that "Adam Lambert" and "For Your Entertainment" are above, instead of being down.

Track listing
 Music Again (Justin Hawkins) - 3:16
 For Your Entertainment (Lukasz Gottwald, Claude Kelly) - 3:35
 Whataya Want from Me (P!nk, Max Martin) - 3:47
 Strut (Kara DioGuardi, Greg Wells, Adam Lambert) - 3:30
 Soaked (Matt Bellamy) - 4:33
 Sure Fire Winners (David Gamson) - 3:33
 A Loaded Smile (Linda Perry, A. Lambert) - 4:04
 If I Had U (Max Martin) - 3:48
 Pick U Up (Rivers Cuomo, Max Martin, Wells, A. Lambert) - 4:00
 Fever (Lady GaGa) - 3:26
 Sleepwalker (Ryan Tedder) - 4:25
 Aftermath (Lambert, Alisan Porter, Ferras, Ely Rise Howard Benson) - 4:26
 Broken Open (Wells, A. Lambert) - 5:11

2010 albums
Debut albums
Dance-pop albums
Adam Lambert

For Your Entertainment


Amazon Kindle is a machine for reading electronic books (e-books). The Kindle is designed by Lab126, a part of the Amazon.com company. The first Kindles were sold in the United States on November 19, 2007. Six hardware devices, known as "Kindle", "Kindle 2", "Kindle 3", "Kindle 4", "Kindle Touch", and "Kindle Fire" support this platform. There are also software versions of Kindle than can be used on smartphones and computers.

The hardware Kindles (except for the Kindle Fire) use an electronic paper display and download books and websites over Amazon Whispernet using the Sprint Nextel EVDO network. A Wireless network can also be used. Kindles can be used without a computer, and Whispernet is accessible without any fee. These devices also provide free internet access to Wikipedia.

Original Kindle

Upon the initial launch of the Kindle, Amazon's Kindle Store had more than 88,000 digital books available for download, with the number of books increasing. Amazon's first offering of Kindle sold out in five and a half hours and the device remained out of stock until late April 2008.

The Kindle retailed for $399; Amazon subsequently lowered the price to $359.  Amazon does not sell the Kindle outside the United States as Whispernet only works in the U.S. Plans for a launch in the UK and other European countries are being delayed by problems with signing up suitable Wi-Fi operators. The CDMA technology in the Kindle does not allow for its use in the UK due to the lack of a CDMA network operator in the UK.

The internal memory of the Amazon Kindle can hold approximately 200 books without pictures, and the memory is expandable with a memory card.

A reviewer from CNET expressed concern with the presentation of the device despite its comfortable design. The picture to the left displays a distinctly beige colored device. In point of fact, both Kindle versions are a matte bright white with all button labels and text colored gray. The Kindle 1 is exactly the same color as the Kindle 2 pictured in the upper right-hand corner of this page.

Kindle 2
On February 9, 2009, Amazon announced the Kindle 2, which became available for purchase on February 23, 2009 for the price of $359, and lowered on July 8, 2009 for $299. The new Kindle features improved battery life, 20 percent faster page-refreshing, a text-to-speech option to read the text out loud, and overall thickness reduced from 0.8 to 0.36 inches (9.1 millimetres). The Kindle 2 has 2 GB of internal memory. Amazon estimates that the Kindle 2 will hold about 1500 books. Unlike the original Kindle, Kindle 2 does not have a slot for memory cards. To promote the new Kindle, author Stephen King has made his new book named "UR" only available through Kindle.

According to an early review by website iFixIt, the new Kindle 2 features a 532 MHz 90 nm processor, 2GB main memory, and 1530 mAh lithium polymer battery.

Kindle 3
The Kindle 3 comes in 2 models. A wi-fi and a 3G. The Wi-Fi can only download books over wireless internet. However the 3G Kindle can download books over Wi-Fi and 3g.

References

Other websites
 The all-new kindle
 Kindle 2
 Kindle DX
 Kindle

E-books
Amazon (company)

Amazon Kindle


Annette  Lemieux (born 1957 in Norfolk, Virginia) is an American artist who emerged in the early 1980s along with the "picture theory" artists (David Salle, Jack Goldstein, Cindy Sherman, Barbara Kruger, Richard Prince). Lemieux brought to the studio a discipline equally based on introspection, and the manifestations of an ideological minimalism.  Process is a key component in the execution of her works over the past three decades, creating the lure to the confrontation of issues of social and historical urgency.
Lemieux has been the recipient of awards from the National Endowment of the Arts and the Keiser Wilhelm Museum, Germany and an honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts from Monserrat College of Art.  Presently, in addition to her studio and exhibition schedule, she is a senior lecturer at Harvard University in the area of visual and environmental studies.

Early life

Annette Rose Lemieux was born in Norfolk, Virginia. Her father Joseph was in the Marines, and the family lived in a house close to the base. When Lemieux's father was called overseas, her mother, Margaret, moved with their two daughters – Annette and Suzette – to her hometown of Torrington, Connecticut; her parents would later divorce. Later on, she received her Bachelor of Fine Arts in painting from Hartford Art School University of Hartford in Connecticut.

Work

In early works like It's a Wonderful Life, 1986 [named after the 1946 Frank Capra film], Lemieux incorporated multiple forms of popular media to create a narrative in the form of self-doubt, personal vulnerability, along with an awareness of the absurdist political/religious/economic histories we accumulate as a civilization in a never-ending current.  Following the legacies of Robert Rauschenberg and John Cage, she works to narrow the gap between "art" and "life".  Lemieux's works resist the traps of a "signature style", and she has referred to her shows looking more like group shows rather than a single artist's. Her work surprises us, challenges her audience to keep up, and resists the conformity of the brand.  As stated by Peggy Phelan, "For Lemieux, the art object offers her thoughts and feelings a way to travel . . . Art is her way of responding, both publicly and intimately, to the ongoing predicament of our lives".

Lemieux works from a repertoire of real objects and images from films and books featuring reproductions of historical photographs from the forties and fifties, which she calls her "landscape". Her practice reflects a deep commitment to content and well as process, incorporating intellectual analyses of social codes with an emphasis on psychological and emotional content. Fundamentally interdisciplinary in content and form, Lemieux's work is a continual exploration and explication of our cultural constructs and how objects that reflect the self define the self within the culture.  In her review of Lemieux's major retrospective "The Strange Life of Objects," Elizabeth Michelman explains that, "[In] addressing her content-laden material systematically, not sentimentally, Lemieux places objects and images in predicaments that are highly structured and memorable. In both two- and three-dimensional formats, she appropriates and wittily recontextualizes furnishings, texts and photographs rescued from history, popular culture and personal records."

In her recent show entitled Unfinished Business at the Carpenter Center, Harvard University, Lemieux explored the territory between object, mediated memory, personal experience and cultural history that has informed her practice for three decades.  Lemieux's objects and imagery derive directly from the world as it exists, not from the recesses of a private imagination that must search itself to produce the substance of invented images.
With representative examples of her work in over 50 public collections, Lemieux has been the focus of two recent exhibitions organized by the Krannert Art Museum and Harvard University.

In 2017, awarded with the Maud Morgan Prize Lemieux had the space to exhibit her work at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston. In an article about the exhibition, Lemieux remarks that she did not intend for her work to come out as political commentary, but due to the current political climate after the United States 2016 elections, viewers could not help but feel their current worries and the tensions reflected in Lemieux's work. Lemieux remarked that what she creates are "duets," taking objects from different places and times and blending them together, leaving her 2017 exhibit, "hair-raising polarity between peril and play."

Lemieux has also revised her works as the Global Correspondent reported, "The Day after the election last November, Lemieux e-emailed the Whitney Museum of America Art and instructed them to upend her piece 'Left Right Left Right." The raised fists in 30 photolithography now point downward." As Lemieux remarked that she created the piece in a time of optimism and felt that the piece needed reflect the time rather than a past moment.

Lemieux is represented by Elizabeth Dee Gallery in New York.

Collections
Lemieux's work can be found in the permanent collections of numerous art museums, including Museum of Modern Art, New York; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Whitney Museum of American Art; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York; Hirshhorn Museum, Washington;  Walker Art Center, Minneapolis;  Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven; Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University; Worcester Art Museum, Worcester MA; Museum of Fine Arts Boston; The Art Institute Chicago, as well as many other museums throughout the world. Additionally, she has received awards and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts, the Kaiser Wilhelm Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, as well as other institutions. In 2009,  received an honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts from Montserrat College of Art as well.

Recent Solo exhibitions
Annette Lemieux. Broken, Mazzoli Gallery, Berlin, Germany (2019)
Mise en scène. Museum of Fine Arts Boston (2017)
Past Present. Elizabeth Dee Gallery, New York, (2016)
Everybody wants to be a catchy tune.  Kent Fine Art, New York, (2015)

Literature
Heynen, Julian. Ein Ort der denkt. Stuttgart: Krefelder Kunstmuseen, 2000.
Hillstrom, Laurie C, and Kevin Hillstrom. Contemporary Women Artists. Detroit: St. James Press, 1999.
Homburg, C. The Matter of History. St. Louis, Missouri: Washington University Gallery of Art.
Janson, H.W. The History of Art. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 4th and 5th editions, 1991, 2009.
Lafo, Rachel R, Nicholas J. Capasso, and Jennifer Uhrhane. Painting in Boston: 1950–2000. Lincoln, Mass: DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, 2002, pp. 111, 170, 198–200, 217, 230, 244.
Le, Thorel-Daviot P. Contemporary Artist 500. Paris: Larousse-Bordas, 1996.
"Lemieux, Annette | Biography". www.mutualart.com. Retrieved 2020-03-10.
Lemieux, Annette. Memoirs of a Survivor. San Francisco, Calif.: ZG Publications, 1989.
Lemieux, Annette, Lelia Amalfitano, Judith H. Fox, Rosetta Brooks, Peggy Phelan, Robert Pincus-Witten, and Lucy Flint-Gohlke. The Strange Life of Objects: The Art of Annette Lemieux. Champaign, Ill: Krannert Art Museum and Kinkead Pavilion, 2010.
Lucie-Smith, Edward. Art Today. Phaidon Press Limited, 1995, ill. p. 323.
Miller, Dana, Salvo D. M. De, and Joseph Giovannini. Legacy: The Emily Fisher Landau Collection. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 2011, pp. 158 – 161.
Moos, David. Annette Lemieux: Time To Go. Modena, Italy: Emilio Mazzoli Galleria d'arte contemporanea, 1994.
Morgan, Jessica. Collectors Collect Contemporary: 1990–99. Boston: Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, 1999.
Neidhardt, Jane E. and Lorin Cuoco. The Dual Muse, The Writer As Artist – The Artist As Writer. St. Louis: Washington University Gallery of Art, 1997.
Oliva, Achille Bonito. Superart. Milan: Giancarlo Politi, 1988, ill. pp. 42, 48, 116–118.
Paneque, Guillermo. Entre Chien Et Loup: Works from the Meana Larrucea Collection. Madrid: Iberdrola, 2011, pp. 202, 220 – 221.
Peters, Thomas J. Reinventing Work: The Brand You 50, Or, Fifty Ways to Transform Yourself from an Employee into a Brand That Shouts Distinction, Commitment, and Passion! New York: Knopf, 1999.
Philbrick, Harry and Princenthal, Nancy. Landscape Reclaimed: New Approaches to an Artistic Tradition. Ridgefield, CT: The
Prather, Marla. History of Modern Art. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1996, 1998.
Princenthal, Nancy, and Jennifer Dowley. A Creative Legacy: A History of the National Endowment for the Arts Visual Artists' Fellowship Program, 1966–1995. New York: H.N. Abrams with the National Endowment for the Arts, 2001, pp. 148, 183.
Richer, Francesca, and Matthew Rosenzweig. No. 1: First Works by 362 Artists. New York: D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers, 2005, p. 214.
Romano, Gianni. Crisis and Desire. Post Media. Milan, Italy, 1995.
Rosenthal, Mark. Abstraction In the Twentieth Century: Total Risk. New York: The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1996, ill.p. 233.
Schor, Mira. Wet: On Painting, Feminism, and Art Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997.
Schjeldahl, Peter. Columns and Catalogues. "Annette Lemieux." Great Barrington, MA: The Figures, 1994.
Sorin, Gretchen S, Helen M. Shannon, and Dr W. L. Leonard. In the Spirit of Martin: The Living Legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Atlanta, Georgia: Tinwood, 2001, ill. p. 197.
Vergino, Lea. From Junk to Art. California :Museoi Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto, Gingko Press Inc, 1997.
Wolf, Sylvia. Visions from America: Photographs from the Whitney Museum of American Art, 1940–2001. Munich; New York: Prestel, 2002, p. 156.

References

External links
Annette Lemieux: Official Website
Annette Lemieux: "Everybody wants to be a catchy tune."
Artists in Conversation: Two Photographs by Annette Lemieux. BOMB 18 (Winter 1987)
Duets: Annette Lemieux with Francine Koslow Miller in Art New England

1957 births
Harvard University faculty
University of Hartford alumni
Living people
Postmodern artists
Censorship in the arts
Contemporary sculptors
American conceptual artists
Women conceptual artists
Sculptors from New York (state)
American women sculptors
American installation artists
21st-century American women artists
American women academics

Annette Lemieux


Bozcaada is an island in Aegean Sea. It is the third largest island of Turkey.  Bozcaada is also a district of Çanakkale Province.  Bozcaada has 2,500 inhabitants.  The main economical activities are tourism and fishing.  The island is well known for its grapes and wines. Romanlar live there and works as Coachmen.

Islands of Turkey

Bozcaada


Han Tong-il (born 1941) is a South Korean pianist.

Background
Han was born in Hamheung, South Hamgyong, Korea, an area now part of North Korea. He began learning the piano and musical composition from his father at the age of 4. He fled south during the Korean War, ending up in Seoul. He was a guest on the classic American game show, I've Got a Secret, hosted by Steve Allen. Han's secret was that, as a young child, he was discovered by Staff Sergeant, JJ "Mike" Egan, during the Korean War and General Samuel E. Anderson arranged a tour at the USA bases in Japan where they raised money for the young child.

Musical career
Han left South Korea on 1 June 1954. He went to the USA with General Anderson to attend Juilliard, where his teachers included Rosina Lhévinne. In 1965, at 23, he won the prestigious Leventritt Competition.

Han has performed with many of the finest orchestras around the world, among them the New York Philharmonic, Chicago Symphony, Los Angeles Philharmonic, Cleveland Orchestra, Detroit Symphony, London Philharmonic, Royal Philharmonic, Scottish National Orchestra, Oslo Philharmonic, Monte Carlo Orchestra, Rotterdam Philharmonic, Polish Radio National Orchestra, Budapest Radio Symphony Orchestra, and Russian National Symphony, among many others. The conductors with whom he has collaborated include Bernard Haitink, Herbert Blomstedt, Edo de Waart, Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Charles Dutoit, Lukas Foss, Eugen Jochum, Raymond Leppard, Robert Shaw, Stanisław Skrowaczewski, and David Zinman.

Since his return to South Korea, Han has performed throughout his homeland as  a soloist performing with numerous orchestras, among them KBS Symphony Orchestra, Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra, Daegu Philaharmonic Orchestra. As a distinguished chamber musician, Han has been a major participant in the Seoul Spring Festival, as well as collaborating with  highly accomplished young musicians.

Han's several recordings include Chopin's Twenty-Four Preludes, Four Ballades and Four Scherzos, eight Sonatas by Beethoven (including the last five), Sonatas by Schubert and Brahms, and a group of shorter piano works under the title "Music I Love To Play". He also has recorded Sonatas for Cello and Piano by Brahms, and Schumann's Fantasy Pieces with cellist Leslie Parnas.  The CD titled "The Kennedy White House Concert" (the live concert given at the White House) has been released.  In this concert recording Han performed Debussy's "Reflet dans l'eau" and electrifying performance of the Liszt's "Mephisto Waltz". His latest CD released in June 2004 was recorded in Rome.  This includes major works by Schumann, Beethoven, and Brahms.

Academic career
Han went on to teach in the music departments of Indiana University, Illinois State University, University of North Texas and Boston University. He returned to Korea in 2005, where he served first as dean of the college of music and then as chair professor of music at University of Ulsan. He has also served as guest professor at Elisabeth University of Music in Hiroshima, Japan. In March 2007 he began teaching at Suncheon University, Suncheon, Korea.

References

1941 births
Living people
Boston University faculty
Juilliard School alumni
People from South Hamgyong Province
Indiana University faculty
Illinois State University faculty
University of North Texas faculty
South Korean educators
South Korean musicians
South Korean pianists
South Korean emigrants to the United States
21st-century pianists
South Korean people of North Korean origin

Han Tong-il


"Head over Feet" is a rock song from singer Alanis Morissette from Jagged Little Pill. The song talks of a couple who are best friends and lovers. It got positive reviews by critics.

The song was released on 16 September 1996 in North America. It hit #1 on Billboard Adult Top 40.

References

1996 songs
Alanis Morissette songs
Rock songs

Head over Feet


Henry IV of Castile (Castilian: Enrique IV; 5 January 1425 – 11 December 1474), nicknamed the Impotent, was King of Castile and León and the last of the weak late-medieval kings of Castile and León. During Henry's reign, the nobles became more powerful and the nation became less centralised.

Early life
Henry was born in 1425 at the Casa de las Aldabas (since destroyed) in Teresa Gil street of Valladolid. He was the son of John II of Castile and Maria of Aragon, daughter of King Ferdinand I of Aragon. He displaced his older sister, Eleanor, and became heir apparent to the Castilian throne as the Prince of Asturias.

At the time of his birth, Castile was under control of Álvaro de Luna, Duke of Trujillo, who intended to select Henry's companions and direct his education. The companions of his own age included Juan Pacheco, who became his closest confidant. The struggles, reconciliations and intrigues for power among the aristocracy, Álvaro de Luna, and the Infantes of Aragon would be constant.

On 10 October 1444, he became the first and only prince of Jaén. In 1445 he won the First Battle of Olmedo, defeating the Infantes of Aragon. After the victory at Olmedo, Álvaro de Luna's power waned, and Prince Henry and Juan Pacheco's influence grew.

Accession and rule
Henry IV's father died on 20 July 1454 and he was proclaimed king the following day.

One of King Henry's first priorities was the alliance with Portugal. He achieved this by marrying a second time to Joan of Portugal, daughter of King Edward of Portugal, in 1455; and by meeting her brother King Afonso V of Portugal in Elvas in 1456. His other main concerns were the possibility of intervention from King John II of Navarre, establishing peace with France and Aragon, and pardoning various aristocrats. Henry IV convened the Cuéllar Courts to launch an offensive against the Emirate of Granada. The campaigns of 1455 and 1458 developed into a war of attrition based on punitive raids and avoiding pitched battles. It was not popular with the aristocracy or the people. Juan Pacheco, the Marquis of Villena, and his brother Pedro Girón were put in charge of government decisions. King Henry also took other advisors, such as Beltrán de la Cueva, Miguel Lucas de Iranzo, and Gómez de Cáceres to balance against their influence.

In 1458, King Alfonso V of Aragon died and was succeeded by his brother, John II of Navarre. King John II resumed his interference in Castillian politics, supporting the aristocratic opposition to Juan Pacheco's ambitions. With the support of the King Henry, Pacheco moved to seize Álvaro de Luna's assets, but his widow allied herself with the Mendoza family, causing a division among the aristocracy. This process resulted in the formation of a League of Nobles in March 1460. They raised a large number of noblemen, took control of expenditure, and gained the acceptance of Alfonso of Castile, the King Henry's half-brother and Prince of Asturias.

To counteract King John II's politicking, Henry IV reacted by invading Navarre in support of Charles, Prince of Viana. Charles was the heir to Navarre, and he revolted against his father John II in 1450 when he refused to cede the throne of Navarre. The campaign was a military success, but King Henry made peace with the League of Nobles in August 1461 to ward off the power of the Mendozas, which had allowed John II to intervene in Castile.

King John II was in conflict with the Principality of Catalonia, and on the death of his eldest son, Charles of Viana, the principality elected Henry IV to be Count of Barcelona on 11 August 1462. King Henry's intervention was framed as a rivalry between him and John II, making Catalonia an unstable point in the Crown of Aragon. But he was unsuccessful, and the Castillian economy would suffer from an enmity with France, who had supported John II with the Treaty of Bayonne. Henry IV therefore agreed to a settlement in the Judgment of Bayonne, resulting in the abandonment of the Catalans.

During his reign as king, Henry IV spent a lot of time at the Royal Alcázar of Madrid where he would stay there for long periods of time. The Royal Alcazar was later replaced with the Royal Palace of Madrid by the rulers of Spain.

Marriages

Blanche II of Navarre
Prince Henry celebrated his marriage to Blanche of Navarre in 1440, when he was 15 years old. The cardinal Juan de Cervantes presided over the official ceremony. Her parents were Blanche I of Navarre and John II of Navarre. The marriage had been agreed in 1436 as part of the peace negotiations between Castile and Navarre. The dowry included territories and villas that had previously belonged to Navarre but had been won by the Castillian side during the war, and the Castilians agreed to hand the lands back provided they would be given them back again as part of this dowry.

In May 1453, the bishop of Segovia Luis Vázquez de Acuña annulled the marriage of Henry and Blanche, on the grounds of Henry's sexual impotence due to a curse. This neatly reflected the recent political changes: Castile had supported Charles, Prince of Viana in his fight against John II of Aragon for the Navarrese throne since 1451, and Álvaro de Luna, Duke of Trujillo had been executed in May 1453, leaving Henry with greater control of Castile. Henry alleged that he had been incapable of sexually consummating the marriage, despite having tried for over three years, the minimum period required by the church. Other women, prostitutes from Segovia, testified that they had had sexual relations with Henry, which is why he blamed his inability to consummate the marriage on a spell. Henry's alleged "permanent impotence" only affected his relations with Blanche. Blanche and Henry were cousins, and he was also a cousin of Joan of Portugal, whom he wanted to marry instead. Therefore, the reason he used to seek the annulment was the sort of spell that only affected his ability to consummate this one marriage, and would not cause any problems for him with other women. Pope Nicholas V corroborated the decision in December of the same year in a papal bull and provided a papal dispensation for Henry's new marriage with the sister of the Portuguese king.

One of Henry's detractors, the historian Alfonso de Palencia, wrote that the marriage had been a sham and accused Henry of despising his wife and planning to commit adultery to bear children. According to Palencia, Henry demonstrated "most extreme abhorrence" to his wife, and indifference to the confines of marriage. However, in 1462 Blanche gave up her right to the Navarrese throne so Henry could take it, and selected him as her protector, against her own father John II of Aragon.

Joan of Portugal
The remoteness of Aragon led to an approach to Portugal. In March 1453, before his divorce from Blanche was finalised, there was no record of negotiations for the new marriage between Henry and Joan of Portugal, sister of the king Afonso V of Portugal. The first marital approaches were made in December of that year, although the negotiations were long and the proposal wasn't definitively agreed until February 1455. According to chroniclers of the time, Joan did not provide a dowry and would not have to return anything even if the marriage turned out to be a failure. The length of the negotiations and the concessions could be interpreted as caused by the concerns about the rumours of Henry's impotence. The wedding was celebrated in May 1455, but without an affidavit of official bull authorizing the wedding between them, although they were first cousins (their mothers were sisters) and half second cousins (their paternal grandmothers were half-sisters). On 28 February 1462, the queen gave birth to a daughter Joanna la Beltraneja, whose paternity came into question during the conflict for succession to the Castillian throne when Henry died.

Henry IV was twenty-six years old when his half-sister Isabella was born. She was the daughter of his father's second marriage in 1447, to Isabella of Portugal. Henry made a number of attempts throughout his reign to arrange a politically advantageous marriage for his much younger sister. The first attempt was when the six-year-old Isabella was betrothed to Ferdinand, son of John II of Navarre (a cadet branch of the House of Trastámara). This arrangement, however, did not last long.

Civil war
Before the birth of his daughter, Henry convened the Court in Madrid and Joanna was sworn in as Princess of Asturias. But a conflict with the nobility was created when Beltrán de la Cueva deposed Juan Pacheco, the Marquis of Villena, and his brother Pedro Girón, Master of Calatrava from Henry's court. This caused a change in alliances: Mendoza began to support the king, and Pacheco revived the Aristocratic League aimed at eliminating the influence of Beltrán de la Cueva. They had doubts about the paternity of Henry's daughter, saying that she was in fact the daughter of the new favourite, and started referring to her as "la Beltraneja". The league of nobles, controlling the king's siblings Alfonso and Isabella, forced Henry at the 1464 Representation of Burgos to repudiate Joanna and recognize Alfonso as his official heir. Alfonso then became Prince of Asturias, a title previously held by Joanna. Henry agreed to the compromise with the stipulation that Alfonso someday marry Joanna, to ensure that they both would one day receive the crown.

Not long after this, Henry reneged on his promise and began to support his daughter's claim once more. The nobles in league against him conducted a ceremonial deposition-in-effigy of Henry outside the city of Avila and crowned Alfonso as a rival king. This event is known in history as the Farce of Avila. Shortly thereafter, Alfonso began handing out land and titles as if he were already uncontested ruler. A civil war began. The most notable clash was at the Second Battle of Olmedo in 1467, which concluded as a draw.

Death

However, in 1468, at the age of only 14, Alfonso died, most likely from the plague (although poison and slit throat have been suggested). His will left his crown to his sister, Isabella, who was asked to take her brother's place as the champion of the rebels. Shortly thereafter at the negotiation of Toros de Guisando, in which she and her allies received most of what they desired, Henry agreed to exclude Joanna la Beltraneja from the succession, and to recognize Isabella as his official heir. Though Henry continued to resist this decision when possible, his actions were ineffective, and he remained at peace with Isabella for the rest of his reign. Isabella became Castile's next monarch when he died in 1474.

After the death of the king, war broke out in Castile. Joanna was supported by Portugal, while the eventual winner, Henry's half-sister Isabella I of Castile, had the support of Aragon. France initially supported Joanna, yet in 1476, after losing the Battle of Toro, France refused to help Joanna further and in 1478 signed a peace treaty with Isabella.

Debate over his health and sexuality

In 1440, at the age of fifteen, he was married to Blanche II of Navarre. The marriage was never consummated. In 1453, after thirteen years, Henry sought an annulment. An official examination confirmed the virginity of Blanche, and a priest questioned the prostitutes of Segovia, who confirmed that Henry was sexually capable. Blanche was sent home; eight years later, she became de jure Queen of Navarre and died under strange circumstances.

In 1455, Henry married Joan of Portugal, sister of Afonso V of Portugal. After six years of marriage, in 1462, she gave birth to a daughter, Joanna, nicknamed "La Beltraneja". Six years after the birth of the throne's heir, part of the nobility of Castile revolted against the king. The rebels claimed that the princess was not the daughter of the king, but actually the daughter of Beltrán de La Cueva, 1st Duke of Alburquerque (thus the nickname "Beltraneja"). This hypothesis was reinforced when the Queen had another two children with the nephew of a bishop. Though many contemporary historians and chroniclers believed Henry was impotent or homosexual, the royal chronicles of his reign were all written or revised during the reign (and under the influence) of Isabella I, his half-sister and ultimate successor, whose strong interest in proving Joanna illegitimate renders these accounts at least partially suspect, in addition to the fact that female prostitutes testified to having intercourse with Henry. The question of Joanna's paternity and right to the throne is therefore not firmly answerable, given the lack of available reliable sources.

The doubt of her legitimacy as an heir, the weakness of the king, the adultery of the queen, and the unruliness of the nobility all set the stage for a struggle for succession after Henry's death. Henry divorced his wife after her scandalous behavior with Bishop Fonseca's nephew. After a long period of conflict between the rival factions, Henry finally agreed to name Isabella his successor, in Guisando (Ávila), provided she allow him to arrange her strategic marriage. Isabella would go on to break this stipulation of the agreement.

Henry died in 1474 and was buried at Santa María de Guadalupe, next to his mother.

Appearance
Henry was a striking man. Tall, blonde and well built, he had broken his nose as a child. The accident left him with an adult face that made him look, depending on to whom one listened, like either a terrifying lion or a foolish monkey.

Ancestry

See also

 Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445

References

Further reading

External links
  More about Henry IV

1425 births
1474 deaths
15th-century Castilian monarchs
15th-century Aragonese monarchs
Castilian infantes
Counts of Barcelona
Grand Masters of the Order of Santiago
House of Trastámara
People from Valladolid
Princes of Asturias
Spanish people of English descent
Burials in Extremadura

Henry IV of Castile


The Munich International Film Festival () is the largest summer film festival in Germany and second only in size and importance to the Berlinale. It has been held annually since 1983 and takes place in late-June/early-July. The latest festival was held from June 23 to July 2, 2022. It presents feature films and feature-length documentaries. The festival is also proud of the role it plays in discovering talented and innovative young filmmakers. With the exception of retrospectives, tributes and homages, all of the films screened are German premieres and many are European and world premieres.
There are a dozen competitions with prizes worth over €250,000 which are donated by the festival's major sponsors and partners.

With over 200 feature films and feature-length documentaries on more than 18 screens, Filmfest München attracts approximately 80 000 movie lovers each year. It accredits more than 600 members of the international press and media as well as over 2500 film industry professionals. It has always been a popular meeting place for industry insiders throughout Germany and Europe.
The festival center is located at Munich's cultural center Gasteig, where screenings, panels, ceremonies and discussions take place and the festival offices are located. There are several participating movie theaters in the downtown area.

The director of Filmfest München is Diana Iljine, who took over in August 2011. Former directors are Andreas Ströhl (2004-2011) and Eberhard Hauff, who ran the festival from its outset.
The festival is hosted by Internationale Münchner Filmwochen GmbH, whose shareholders are the City of Munich, the Free State of Bavaria (represented by State Minister of Finance Markus Söder), the Bayerischer Rundfunk (Bavarian Broadcasting, represented by director Ulrich Wilhelm) and the SPIO (the German film industry association represented by Thomas Negele. The IMF also hosts the annual International Festival of Film Schools (German: Internationales Festival der Filmhochschulen München)/Filmschoolfest in November.

Sections and Sidebars

The festival's program ranges from lavish productions to No Budget Films. Special attention is placed on fostering talented young filmmakers from Germany and around the world.

The sections of the Filmfest München program are:

CineMasters Competition

This section includes films from internationally acclaimed directors (with the exception of Germany). The films are in competition for the ARRI/OSRAM Award for Best Film (non-German).

CineVision Competition

Innovative first and second-time films by up-and-coming directors from around the world compete for the CineVision Award for Best Film by a New Director (non-German).

CineCoPro Competition

German co-producers of international co-productions compete for the CineCoPro Award.

Spotlight

This section showcases stories that are larger than life - grand emotions, lavish production design, big names in front of and behind the camera, traditionally crafted movies by acclaimed, experienced directors as well as by outstanding, lesser-known filmmakers.

International Independents

The section focuses on new encounters with exciting filmmakers from around the world. Definitely not mainstream. Young, uncompromising cinema from the US, Canada, Latin America, Asia, Australia, Africa and Europe.

New German Cinema

The new productions in this section are all world premieres. Up and coming filmmakers vie for the German Cinema New Talent Awards in the categories Best Director, Best Production, Best Actor & Actress and Best Screenplay.

Many well-known German film directors such as Sönke Wortmann (), Oskar Roehler (Silvester Countdown), Marcus H. Rosenmüller (Grave Decisions) and Rainer Kaufmann (Talk of the Town) launched their careers with the winning films of this section.
Various Academy Award-nominated films such as Beyond Silence by Caroline Link and The Story of the Weeping Camel by Byambasuren Davaa and Luigi Falorni had their world premieres in this section.

New German TV Movies

This section features outstanding TV movies, all world premieres, which are in competition for the Bernd Burgemeister TV Movie Award.

Homage

The section Homage consists of sidebars that honor the work of a particular filmmaker:

Retrospectives
Screenings that represent a comprehensive or major part of the work of an internationally acclaimed filmmaker.

The retrospectives of famous filmmakers have included: Sergio Leone (1986), Im Kwon-taek (1990), Lars von Trier (1991), Hal Hartley (1992), Nagisa Ōshima (1992), Stanley Donen (1992), Nanni Moretti (1994), Michael Haneke (1994, 2009), Nelson Pereira (1995), Nicolas Roeg (1995), Robert Wise (1996), Ron Bass (1996), Roman Polański (1999), Miloš Forman (2000), Aki & Mika Kaurismäki (2004), Alan Parker (2004), Barry Levinson (2006), Mike Figgis (2006), Richard Linklater (2007), Werner Herzog (2007), Herbert Achternbusch (2008), Julie Christie (2008), Stephen Frears (2009), Ulrich Seidl (2010), Tom DiCillo (2011), Todd Haynes (2012), Alejandro Jodorowsky (2013), Walter Hill (2014), Alexander Payne (2015), Christian Petzold and Bahman Ghobadi (both 2016), Sofia Coppola (2017), Lucrecia Martel (2018), Bong Joon Ho and Mads Brügger (both 2019).

The CineMerit Award
The festival screens a selection of films in honor of the recipient, an outstanding personality in the international film community who has made extraordinary contributions to motion pictures as an art form. Previous recipients have included John Malkovich, Michael Haneke, William Friedkin, Julie Christie, Alan Parker, D.A. Pennebaker, Claude Chabrol, Susan Sarandon, Jules Dassin, Melanie Griffith and Michael Caine, Isabelle Huppert and Udo Kier, Jean-Jacques Annaud and Rupert Everett, Ellen Burstyn and Bryan Cranston, Emma Thompson and Terry Gilliam, as well as Antonio Banderas and Ralph Fiennes.

Tributes
Specials that, for reasons of current interest, honor a particular filmmaker or artist with a selection of films. Recent tributes: Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Julie Delpy, Nicolas Winding Refn, Willy Bogner and Philip Gröning.

The Kinderfilmfest

Since 1983, Filmfest München has screened the new feature films and shorts for kids (ages 4 and up) from around the world. Films that are enriching as well as entertaining. The children have the opportunity to vote for their favorite film to win the Kinderfilmfest Audience Award.

Open Air

Festival atmosphere without tickets every night on the piazza of the festival center Gasteig. Every year a different theme. Former topics include: Cats, Masters of Disaster, Pirates, Rock 'N' Roll, Surfing, Dance, Las Vagas, Jazz, Skate films. Screenings are open to the public and free of charge.

Awards

Awards

The Filmfest München awards the following prizes (worth roughly €250,000):

 The ARRI/OSRAM Award (services from ARRI and OSRAM worth €50,000) goes to the Best Film (non-German language). It has been awarded by ARRI since 2008 and by OSRAM since 2013.
 The CineMerit Award (established in 1997) honors outstanding personalities in the international film community for extraordinary contributions to motion pictures as an art form.
 The CineVision Award and €12 000 go to the Best Film by an Emerging Director. It is intended to support upcoming directors and provide them with exposure in Germany. The winner is selected from the CineVision section of the program and is endowed by Wild Bunch.
 The CineVision Award goes to the best international co-production involving German co-producers.
 The German Cinema New Talent Awards are donated by the DZ Bank, Bavaria Film and Bavarian Broadcasting. The prizes go to the best director, best producer, best screenwriter, and best actor and actress in narrative films in the festival's New German Cinema section.
 The Bernd Burgemeister TV Movie Award (previously the VFF TV Movie Award) is awarded by the VFF, the German Film & TV Producers' royalty co. VFF to the producer of the Best German TV Movie in the festival program. €25,000 purse.
 The Bayern 2 and SZ Audience Award has been presented by the Süddeutsche Zeitung and radio station Bayern 2 since 2004. Filmfest audiences pick the winner.
 The Kinderfilmfest Audience Award: The children in the audiences vote for their favorite film.
 The One Future Prize (presented since 1986 and endowed by the Interfilm Akademie, München) goes to the film that shows, ethically as well as aesthetically, that our world has one common future.
 The Fritz Gerlich Preis is donated by the Munich-based production company Tellux and goes to a feature film or documentary that courageously deals with a topic of public concern, reflecting Fritz Gerlich's commitment to human rights. Gerlich was a journalist who openly opposed Adolf Hitler and was executed in 1934. €10,000 prize money.
 The Fipresci Preis goes to the best film in the section New German Cinema.

Prizes awarded to films other than those in the Filmfest München program:

 The Bernhard Wicki Film Prize – The Bridge has been awarded by the Bernhard Wicki Memorial Fund since 2002 and goes to film artists whose work builds bridges and inspires tolerance and humanitarianism. €10,000 prize money.
 The Children's Media Prize White Elephant is awarded by the Munich Media Club to outstanding children's films which foster positive development. Since 2002 at Filmfest München.
 The 13th Street Shocking Short is a short film award presented annually by NBC Universal pay-tv channel 13th Street. The winner receives a backstage pass to Universal Studios in Hollywood.
 The Treatment Competition for Documentaries is held by Bavarian Broadcasting and Global Screen GmbH München and serves to foster young documentary filmmakers and support documentary filmmaking in Germany and German-speaking countries in Europe. Three projects are awarded prizes worth €5,000, €3,000 and €2,000 (until 2014).
 The Look & Listen – Telepool-BR-Music-Award is endowed by Telepool, a subsidiary of Bayerischer Rundfunk. The award honors the music of an internationally acclaimed film music composer and is accompanied by a cash prize of €10,000 (until 2014).
 The Choreographic Captures-Award went to the best 60 second choreographic clip.
 The FFF Talent Award for Film Journalism is presented to a student from the German School of Journalism in Munich.
 The FIPRESCI Award by the international film critics' association was presented for the first time in 2015 and honors the best film in the New German Cinema section.

Quotes

References

External links

Film festivals in Germany
Festivals in Munich

Filmfest München


The 1963–64 Canada men's national ice hockey team represented Canada at the  1964 Winter Olympics held in Innsbruck, Austria.  The matches were played in the Olympiahalle Innsbruck.

For the first time in Canadian Olympic hockey history, the nation was represented by a national team rather than a club team.

The 1964 Olympic tournament also counted as IIHF World Championship and IIHF European Championship.
The Canadian team was awarded a "world championship" bronze medal, but, because of different rules for eliminating ties for Olympics and World Championships Team Canada finished in 4th place in the Olympic standings.

History
The idea of a national team was the brainchild of Father David Bauer who in 1962 successfully presented the concept to the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA).

Bauer, who was then with St. Mark's College and the University of British Columbia, put together the Canadian team, which included Brian Conacher, Roger Bourbonnais, Marshall Johnston, and goaltender Seth Martin who had won the world championship with the Trail Smoke Eaters in 1961. Martin had the most international experience on the team and was also the oldest player at 31. Bauer's team was considered strong on defence, but short on goal scoring.

This national team participated in the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. Team Canada performed well and finished the tournament with five wins and two losses, but lost 3–2 to the Soviet Union for the opportunity to play in the gold medal game. This placed Canada in a three-way tie with Czechoslovakia and Sweden for second place in the tournament. Based on goal differential, Canada was placed third in the World Championships behind the Sweden, with Czechoslovakia in fourth. Olympic officials calculated the standing on different tie-breaking rules that based the goal differential over the entire tournament – not just among teams involved in the medal round. The Olympic decision dropped Canada to fourth place and out of the medals for the first time in Olympic hockey history.

1964 Winter Olympics roster
Head coach: David Bauer
 General Manager and Assistant Coach - Bob Hindmarch
Hank Akervall (C)
Gary Begg
Roger Bourbonnais
Ken Broderick
Ray Cadieux
Terry Clancy
Brian Conacher
Paul Conlin
Gary Dineen
Bob Forhan
Marshall Johnston
Seth Martin
Barry MacKenzie
Terry O'Malley
Rod Seiling
George Swarbrick

See also
 Canada men's national ice hockey team
 Ice hockey at the 1964 Winter Olympics
 Ice hockey at the Olympic Games
 List of Canadian national ice hockey team rosters

References

Canada men's national ice hockey team seasons


Massafra () is a town and comune in the province of Taranto in the Apulia region of southeast Italy.

History
According to some hypotheses, Massafra was founded in the 5th century by refugees from the Roman province of Africa, invaded by the Vandals. The first historical mention of the city dates however from the 10th century, when it was a Lombard gastaldate.

After the Norman conquest of southern Italy, it was given to a nephew of Robert Guiscard, who fortified it and restored the castle. Later it was part of the Principality of Taranto, to which, as a free town, it belonged until 1463. In 1484 it was assigned to Antonio Piscitello. In 1497 it was sacked by the troops of Charles VIII of France, and the fief went to Artusio Pappacoda, whose family held it for a century and a half. They were succeeded by the Carmignano and the Imperiale.

Main sights
 Castle of Massafra, known from 970
 Mother Church (16th century)
 Gravina di San Marco (ravine)
 Natural reserves of Monte Sant'Elia and Stornara
 Numerous rock settlements, from the Neolithic to the High Middle Ages

Notable people

Vincenzo Patrick Guglielmelli (born 1987), Italian footballer

References

External links
Official website

Cities and towns in Apulia

Massafra


Sotirios "Sam" Panopoulos (; 1934 – 8 June 2017) was a Greek-born Canadian cook and businessman. He was born in Vourvoura, Greece. He was known as the inventor of Hawaiian pizza.

With his brothers Elias and Nikitas, Panopoulos owned the Satellite Restaurant in Chatham, Ontario. They offered typical American items such as burgers and fries, and also American Chinese dishes, some of which also mix sweet and savory flavours. In the early 1960s Panopoulos started offering pizzas, recently popular in the USA. In 1962 he had the idea to add canned pineapple to pizza.

Panopoulos died of cardiac arrest at a hospital in London, Ontario on 8 June 2017, aged 83.

References

1934 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Chefs
Greek people
Inventors
People from London, Ontario

Sam Panopoulos


In calculus, a branch of mathematics, the limit of a function is the behavior of a certain function near a selected input value for that function. Limits are one of the main calculus topics, along with derivatives,  integration, and differential equations.

Definition of the limit

The definition of the limit is as follows:
If the function  approaches a number  as  approaches a number , then

The notation for the limit above is read as "The limit of  as  approaches  is ", or alternatively,  as   (reads " tends to  as  tends to "). Informally, this means that we can make  as close to  as possible—by making  sufficiently close to  from both sides (without making  equal to ).

Imagine we have a function such as . When ,   is undefined, because . Therefore, on the Cartesian coordinate system, the function  would have a vertical asymptote at . In limit notation, this would be written as:

The limit of  as  approaches  is , which is denoted by

Right and left limits
For the function , we can get as close to  in the -values as we want, so long as we do not make  equal to . For instance, we could make x=.00000001 or -.00000001, but never 0. Therefore, we can get  as close as we want to , but without reaching it. The left limit is any value that approaches the limit from numbers less than the number, and the right limit is any value that approaches the limit from number greater than the limit number. For instance, in the function , since the limit for  is 0, if , it approaches the limit from the right. If we instead choose -1, we say it approaches the limit from the left.

Related pages

 Derivative (mathematics), a quantity defined as a limit of slopes
 Infinity
 Limit of a sequence

References

Calculus
Mathematical analysis

Limit of a function