"Welcome to Atlanta" is a 2002 hip hop song by Jermaine Dupri featuring Ludacris. It was released in 2002 as the second single released from Dupri's 2001 album Instructions and also appeared as a hidden track on Ludacris' second album, Word of Mouf. The song praises Dupri and Ludacris's hometown of Atlanta, Georgia. It samples "Five Minutes Of Funk" by Whodini, as well as "Do It Baby" by The Miracles.

Dupri produced an official remix of the song, "Welcome To Atlanta (Coast 2 Coast Remix)", which features, in addition to Dupri and Ludacris, three rappers from other American cities extolling their own hometowns: P. Diddy (for New York City), Murphy Lee (for St. Louis) and Snoop Dogg (for Long Beach, California).

Music video
The music video for "Welcome to Atlanta" was directed by Marc Klasfeld. It shows a tour bus being taken around Atlanta by the duo, as well as scenes of nightlife within the city. It features cameo appearances by many notable Atlanta-based rappers, singers and athletes, including Lil Jon, Lil Bow Wow, MC Shy D, Da Brat, T.I., Monica, Blaque, Usher, Brandi Williams, Evander Holyfield, Vernon Forrest, Dominique Wilkins, Ying Yang Twins, Cee-Lo Green and Big Tigger.

Coast 2 Coast Remix and music video
The official remix, "Welcome To Atlanta (Coast 2 Coast Remix)", features Murphy Lee, Snoop Dogg, Diddy and Ludacris on the intro and outro. Ludacris does not appear in the video. The Music Video was directed by Benny Boom. Murphy Lee would collaborate with Dupri again in 2003 on "What Da Hook Gon Be?" & would collaborate with Diddy again in 2003 on "Shake Ya Tailfeather".

Scene 1: Atlanta
Filming Locations:
2277 Cheshire Bridge Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30324
241 Forsyth St. SW, Atlanta, GA 30303

It starts with Jermaine Dupri coming out from the Dunk N Dine diner mixed with flashing pictures from the highway leading to Atlanta. He is seen wearing T-shirt a drawn face of Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, which is an obvious tribute to her (deceased in April the same year). He is joined by fellow Atlantans including Lil Jon and Jazze Pha in the parking lot of the Magic City strip club. In the lyrics and some seconds-long camera shots he refers to hometown places Fuel, Kaya, Velvet Room, Club 112, Strokers club, Ritz club, Shark Bar, and Plush Limousine Service.

Scene 2: New York
Filming Location: 4 Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10001

P. Diddy is standing on the top of the Madison Square Garden entrance roof. Cut to scenes of other parts of the city, including Yankee Stadium are seen throughout. It has cameo appearances by Loon, Fabolous, Paul Cain, Maino, Black Rob, Stack Bundles DJ Clue?, Swizz Beatz and Jermaine Dupri. Mention is made about the September 11 attacks during the outro of the New York segment when Diddy boasts "we're still here...and we building four more new towers!"

Scene 3: St. Louis
Filming Location: 250 Stadium Plaza, St. Louis, Missouri 63102

The members of St. Lunatics (Murphy Lee, Nelly,  Ali, Kyjuan and Slo'Down) are gathered in the Busch Memorial Stadium accompanied by 2002 season's St. Louis Cardinals player Fernando Viña and St. Louis Blues hockey goaltender Fred Brathwaite. Murphy Lee dressed in a Spirits of St. Louis jersey speaks about his loyalty expressed throughout his tattoos and jewelry. The St. Lunatics also dance outside of the stadium next to the statue of Stan Musial.

Scene 4: Long Beach
Filming Location: 1014 East Pacific Coast Highway, Long Beach, California 90806

Snoop Dogg invites the whole LBC to have a party with him at the same spot where they had one 9 years earlier in the square in front of the World Famous V.I.P. Records store, where Snoop performs his verse mounting the top of the building, like he did during the "What's My Name" video shoot. He also presents his Snoop Deville lowrider car, which was later used in the "From tha Chuuuch to da Palace" music video. Some of Snoop's entourage show up on the set, including Soopafly and Uncle Junebug.

Other remixes
The TNA Wrestling pay-per-view Bound for Glory 2007, which took place at the Arena at Gwinnett Center near Atlanta, used a metal-influenced instrumental cover of the song as its main theme.
A remix called "Welcome to L.A". is done by Warren G where he presents his town. It appeared on the mixtape of DJ Felli Fel Featuring Snoop Dogg–The Heavy Hitters in 2002.
Pitbull did an additional version of the song called "Welcome to Miami"
Kardinal Offishall and Ones Project did a remix track entitled "Welcome to Toronto"
Lil Boosie did a freestyle of the song entitled "Welcome to da Boot."

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links
JD on MTV News
The video data on MVDB

2002 singles
Jermaine Dupri songs
Ludacris songs
Murphy Lee songs
Music videos directed by Marc Klasfeld
Sean Combs songs
Snoop Dogg songs
Song recordings produced by Jermaine Dupri
Songs written by Jermaine Dupri
Songs written by Ludacris
Songs about Atlanta

Welcome to Atlanta


Calvin Harris (born Adam Richard Wiles, 17 January 1984) is a Scottish singer, songwriter, DJ, and record producer. He was born to English parents. He grew up in Dumfries, Scotland. Harris was paid more than any other DJ in 2013.

2006–08:  Early career and I Created Disco
Calvin Harris signed record contracts with EMI (publishing) and Sony BMG (recording) in 2006, after his music was found on the social networking website, MySpace.

His first album I Created Disco was released on 18 June 2007. The album contained uptempo electronic sounding songs that were influenced by music from the 1980s. To promote I Created Disco, Harris left to go on a tour of the UK, supporting Faithless and Groove Armada.  I Created Disco featured the single "Acceptable in the 80s", a tribute to the style and culture of the decade. The song reached the top ten on the UK singles chart, remaining on the chart for fifteen weeks. "The Girls" was the album's second charted single. Harris' second single reached number three in the UK Singles Chart. Another single from the album was "Merrymaking at My Place"; however, it only reached #43 in the UK chart.

2009–10:  Ready for the Weekend and further recognition
On 23 January 2009, Pete Tong played Harris' single "I'm Not Alone" on BBC Radio 1.

Ready for the Weekend, Harris' second album, was released 14 August 2009. It went straight to number one in the UK Albums Chart.

2011–2013:  Worldwide prominence and 18 Months
In September 2011, Barbadian recording artist Rihanna released the single "We Found Love" for her sixth studio album, Talk That Talk.  The song was written and produced by Harris.  The song was a worldwide success, topping record charts around the world, including those in Canada, the UK, and the US.  It was named the 25th best-performing song of all time by Billboard.

In 2012, Harris released his third album 18 Months. Eight singles were released from it. They included "We Found Love", "Bounce" with American R&B singer Kelis, and "I Need Your Love" with English singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding.

In 2013, Harris' album 18 Months was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards.

2014–present:  Motion and other projects
Harris released the single "Summer" in 2014.  This was followed by the album Motion which featured the song "Outside" with Ellie Goulding.

He released the single "How Deep Is Your Love" in 2015 with the band Disciples.  In 2016, he released the single "This Is What You Came For" with Barbadian recording artist Rihanna.

In 2017, he released the album Funk Wav Bounces Vol. 1.  It featured six singles, including the song "Feels" featuring Pharrell, Katy Perry, and Big Sean, which reached number one in the UK.  In 2018, Harris released "One Kiss" with British singer Dua Lipa, which also reached number one in the UK.

Personal life
In 2007, Harris also recorded with Australian entertainer Kylie Minogue. He had caught Minogue's attention after his recordings had been passed on to her by another record producer. Harris says that working with her was "surreal, but fun" although revealed to Mixmag in 2007 to "needing a few drinks before meeting her." It has been confirmed that Harris has co-written and produced two songs on the forthcoming Kylie album, "In My Arms" and "Heart Beat Rock".

Harris began dating British singer Rita Ora in 2013. The two ended their relationship in June 2014. He was in a relationship with Taylor Swift from March 2015 until June 2016.

On 20 May 2016, Harris was hospitalized after being involved in a car accident.  He was a passenger in a Cadillac sport utility vehicle that was hit by a Volkswagen Beetle.  Harris was treated for a cut on the nose and later was released.  Two of his DJ sets had to be canceled.

Other websites
 Official Myspace page
 Official Website
 Calvin Harris' record label's website

References

1984 births
Living people
British record producers

Grammy Award winners
People from Dumfries
British DJs
Scottish pop singers
Scottish singer-songwriters

Calvin Harris


Michael Anthony Fleming, O.S.F. ( – July 14, 1850) was an Irish-born Friar Minor who served as the Roman Catholic Church bishop of the Diocese of St. John's, Newfoundland. He was principally responsible for changing a small mission with several priests in four parishes into a large diocese with over 40,000 congregants and was the single most influential Irish immigrant to come to the Colony of Newfoundland in the 19th century. He was the principal creator of the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in St. John's.

Biography

Early life
Fleming was born about three miles from Carrick-on-Suir, Tipperary, Ireland. As a boy, Fleming studied the classics for two years at Stradbally, County Waterford, under a Protestant pastor. Encouraged by his uncle, Martin Fleming, O.S.F., he entered the novitiate of the friars in Wexford, and then entered the Franciscan seminary there. Fleming was ordained a Catholic priest on 15 October 1815, after which he was assigned to the friary at Carrickbeg, where his uncle was guardian. His experience in helping to rebuild the Franciscan chapel there marked him at an early age as a "builder", and stood him in good stead for his later work in Newfoundland.

Mission to Newfoundland
In 1823, at the invitation of Thomas Scallan, O.S.F., the Vicar Apostolic for Newfoundland, and the Benevolent Irish Society, Fleming was recruited to come and serve as a priest in the colony. From the outset, Fleming proved to be of a very different temperament from Scallan. His ideas about the place of the Irish and Catholicism in Newfoundland were informed by his experience of his close friend Daniel O'Connell's nationalist politics in Ireland.

Despite their very different perspectives on many matters, Fleming was promoted by Scallan as his successor, and he was appointed coadjutor bishop of the vicariate by Pope Gregory XVI on 10 July 1829, with the titular see of Carpasia.

Bishop
Soon after Fleming was consecrated as a bishop by Scallan in the Chapel in St. John's on 28 October 1829, he implemented his Ultramontanist ideology, taking over control of the existing Catholic institution the Orphan Asylum from its lay administrators, the members of the Benevolent Irish Society. Upon Scallan's death on 29 May 1830, he automatically succeeded him as Vicar Apostolic. He then embarked on a systematic expansion of institutional Catholicism in Newfoundland. This included the construction of new parish churches, the subdivision of existing parishes into new parishes, the recruitment of Irish priests, and the introduction of two religious orders of Irish women to teach young female children. He took pains to visit outport Newfoundland, and during the winter of 1835 lived in a fishing room at Petty Harbour, administering smallpox vaccine to the whole community of Catholics and Anglicans, and remaining in quarantine with them when no physician or other clergyman would go there.

Fleming's influence was not limited to the religious sphere. As Vicar Apostolic, and later as Bishop, he promoted the interest of the Irish Catholics in Newfoundland's political sphere. Through petitioning the governor and the Colonial Office, Fleming was instrumental in enforcing the Emancipation Act for Irish Catholics in Newfoundland in 1832. In addition, with the parallel granting of Representative Government for the colony, Fleming was outspoken in the political process, lending support to candidates, both Catholic and Protestant, who furthered the rights and privileges he felt were important for the Irish Catholic population in the colony. Whether in church administration, education or political activities, Fleming's bold actions and attitude marked a significant departure for the Catholic clergy in the Newfoundland colony.

Because of his deliberate political influence, Fleming, himself an "Irish nationalistic", was viewed by many English and Protestants as a disruptive force in Newfoundland politics, and by many of his supporting Irish congregants as a constructive force in Newfoundland politics.  He saw himself as the leader of the Irish community and was not shy about taking on the local British establishment, much as his friend and countryman Daniel O'Connell was doing at home, especially since he felt threatened by the Church of England's attempts to counteract growing Catholic influence.  The struggle spilled over into inflammatory newspaper editorials, and lawsuits between increasingly bitter rivals. Tensions were made worse by the actions of partisans on both sides of the divide. Fleming intervened to get particular men elected, raising in the Tory minds the specter of a "priests' party" dominating the Assembly.  From this point, church influence remained a dominant factor in Newfoundland politics from the 1830s onward.

Newfoundland tricolour

In popular legend, Fleming is credited with creating the "Pink, white and green" tricolour flag of Newfoundland. It is told that during annual wood hauls for the Anglican cathedral and Roman Catholic cathedral, considerable rivalry developed between the two groups involved. The Protestant English marked their wood piles with the pink flag of the Natives' Society, while the Catholic Irish used green banners. The threat of violence was such that Bishop Fleming intervened, and persuaded them to adopt a common flag, on which the pink and green would be separated by a white stripe to symbolize peace. The pink symbolized the Tudor Rose of England (The Protestants) and the Green symbolized St. Patrick's Emblem of Ireland (The Catholics). The White is taken from St. Andrew's Cross (St. Andrew is the Patron Saint of Fishermen and Scotland).  This legend, its symbolism and origins, have all been disproven by historical evidence.  In reality, the Newfoundland "pink, white and green" tricolour did not appear until at least 41 years after the inception of the Irish tricolour and was almost certainly based on the Irish flag. There is no primary source documentary historical evidence contemporary to Fleming's time linking Fleming with the creation of the tricolour. Any such associations are purely fanciful, and can be seen to have largely originated in the writings of the entertainer and writer Paul O'Neill.

Expansion
Fleming's greatest domestic projects, the ones for which he became best remembered, were the recruiting of two orders of Irish religious women to work as teachers, and the construction of a new cathedral for St. John's. In 1833 at Fleming's request, the Presentation Sisters came to Newfoundland from Galway and opened a school for children. Within weeks the sisters were inundated with new pupils, the children of the Irish of St. John's, who saw education as the best means of economic and social advancement. In 1842, Fleming invited the Sisters of Mercy to come to teach girls and to help create a Catholic middle class. Through Fleming's influence, the Education Act of 1836 introduced the precedent of granting state funds to denominations for educational purposes. In 1847, Bishop Fleming recruited four brothers of the order of Irish Franciscasns to come to Newfoundland to teach at the Benevolent Irish Society's school. Through the 1830s, Fleming pursued a grant of land on which to build a cathedral. By 1838 the land was awarded, and construction began, continuing until 1855. The cathedral was the largest building project in 19th century Newfoundland, and thereafter became the definitive icon of Newfoundland Catholicism.

Fleming died in 1850 and was buried in his cathedral.

Honors

On 9 September 2005, the 150th anniversary of the consecration of Fleming's cathedral, a plaque was unveiled by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada designating Fleming as a person of Canadian National Historic Significance. At the time of its consecration, the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. John's was the largest Irish Neoclassical cathedral in the New World.

Further reading
 Fire Upon the Earth: A Biography of Bishop Michael Anthony Fleming, O.S.F. by Brother J.B. Darcy, , Creative Press  St. John's, Newfoundland.
 The Story Of The Basilica Of St.John The Baptist by Susan Chalker Browne.
 "Conflict and Culture in Irish-Newfoundland Roman Catholicism, 1829-1850", by John Edward FitzGerald, Ph.D. thesis, University of Ottawa, 1997.

References

External links
 Newfoundland Heritage, Bishop Fleming
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

1792 births
1850 deaths
Christian clergy from County Tipperary
Irish Friars Minor
Irish Roman Catholic missionaries
Franciscan missionaries
Canadian Friars Minor
Franciscan bishops
19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Canada
Roman Catholic bishops of St. John's, Newfoundland
Irish expatriate Roman Catholic bishops
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
Newfoundland Colony people
Roman Catholic missionaries in Canada
People from Carrick-on-Suir

Michael Anthony Fleming


The Gaeltacht (plural Gaeltachtaí) is the airts in Ireland whaur the Erse is spak bi mony fowk. Gaeltachtaí is tae the maist pairt in the wast o the island, but there's a few wee anes in the sooth an ane in the east. 70% o the fowk in the Gaeltacht speaks the Erse, an aw the road signs is anerly in the Erse.

Erse leid

Erse wirds an phrases
Cultural geografie
Geografie o Ireland
1926 establishments in Ireland

Gaeltacht


William Theobald (1829 – 31 March 1908) was a malacologist and naturalist on the staff of the Geological Survey of India serving in Burma, then a part of British India.

Biography
Very little is known of Theobald's early life. Theobald was referred to in official documents as "William Theobald, Junior". He arrived in Calcutta on the ship Hindostan via the Suez in March 1847 and worked as a volunteer in the coal exploration of the upper Damodar and Son valleys under David Williams. During this time Joseph Hooker visited him and they spent time together. Later Theobald became an assistant to John McClelland who took over the exploration from David Williams. He went to Burma in 1855 as a staff of the Geological Survey of India and took over the Pegu survey. He returned Bengal on completion of the survey in 1873 to be appointed Deputy Superintendent of Bengal in 1876. From 1868 to 1876 he described a dozen new species of reptiles.

Theobald was the first to publish a full catalogue of reptile specimens collected in British India, Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India (1876), although Anderson claimed that several new descriptions by Edward Blyth were overlooked by this work. Theobald's work on Indian freshwater snails with illustrations was one of the first of its kind. He even made his shell collections available to Francis Mason for his epic work on the flora and fauna of British Burma titled Burmah, its People and Natural Productions. The third edition of this work was completely rewritten by Theobald and was published in two volumes under the title Burma, its people and productions; or notes on the fauna, flora and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burma (Hertford, England, 1882 & 1883). The first volume of this work covered geology, mineralogy and zoology and was exclusively written by him while the second volume relied on several important botanical works of his time. The phanerogamic information came from printed works of Sulpiz Kurz on the Burmese flora and from the entries in Edward Balfour's works. He also relied on Le Maout's and Decaisne's general system of botany translated by Mrs. Hooker and on Gamble's Manual of Indian Timbers. However, his efforts at reforming botanical nomenclature conflicted with the British Botanical establishment at that time a majority in British India and his botanical works were largely disregarded.

He retired from the service in June 1881 and died at Ilfracombe, Devon, England on 31 March 1908. A photograph of him as member of a group of the Geological Survey of India was published in the Centenary publication of the Geological Survey of India.

Legacy
Theobald is commemorated in the scientific names of two Asian reptiles: Oligodon theobaldi and Phrynocephalus theobaldi.

Bibliography
 1860. Catalogue of the recent shells in the Museum, Asiatic Society of Bengal
 1868. Catalogue of reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
 1876. Descriptive catalogue of the reptiles of British India
 1876. Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India Along with Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley. Malacological Society of London.
 1889. Index of the genera and species of Mollusca in the hand list of the Indian Museum. 1-2. Gastropoda, Calcutta.
 1896. On the authorship of the sonnets attributed to Shakespeare. An inquiry into the respective claims of Bacon, Sir Philip Sidney, and others, to be their author

References

External links

1829 births
1908 deaths
British malacologists

William Theobald


Sir Abraham Walter de Frece (7 October 1870 – 7 January 1935) was a British theatre impresario, and later Conservative Party politician, who served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1920 to 1931. His wife was the celebrated male impersonator Vesta Tilley.

Early life
Abraham Walter de Frece was one of four sons of Henry (Harry) de Frece, of the Gaiety Music Hall in Camden Street, Liverpool, who was a prosperous agent in the Roscoe Arcade, a prominent theatrical manager, and a pioneering actors' agent from a large theatrical family. Henry de Frece had his sons educated well in order to keep them out of theatre, with Walter attending the Liverpool Institute and a school in Belgium.

However, by the time Walter returned home, his elder brother Jack was managing the Alhambra Wooden Theatre in Manchester Street, Liverpool, and Isaac managed the old Theatre Royal in Clayton Square, Liverpool. Walter's younger brother, Lauri de Frece, later became a celebrated comedian.

Theatre career
By 1889, Walter was apprenticed with a notable Merseyside architect, when his father's Gaiety Theatre engaged the 25-year-old Tilly Ball as principal boy in pantomime that Christmas. Known professionally as Vesta Tilley (the 'Matchless' little Tilly), as the daughter of the former chairman of the St. George's Hall in Nottingham, Harry Ball, she had been on the stage since the age of four. By 1889 she was well known on the tour circuit as a male impersonator.

Walter fell for Tilly, and against romantic competition that included Sir Oswald Stoll, managed to take Tilly to a dance and secure a kiss. This inspired Walter to resign his apprenticeship, and leaving home secured himself a job in the office of Warner's Theatrical Agency. Walter married Tilley at Brixton Register Office on 16 August 1890.

Noting the decline in popularity of melodrama, and the increase in music hall revenues, de Frece secured the lease on the Metropole Theatre at Camberwell. Leaving Warner's, he turned it into the Camberwell Empire, a modern music hall. After this success, he began building a tour circuit by buying out the leases of other theatres which had fallen on hard times, including: the Grand Theatre, Margate; the Grand Theatre, Colchester; the Prince of Wales, Southampton; and a theatre at Boscombe managed by his brother-in-law, Harry Ball, junior. All were refurbished and renamed "Hippodromes," with music hall productions run by his company "The South of England Hippodromes, Ltd.," where his wife Tilley was a regular performer. He later added new Hippodromes in both Portsmouth and Southend.

After taking over the lease of the Empire Palace, Wolverhampton (later renamed the Hippodrome), in 1906 he joined the board of directors at the Manchester Palace. He then opened the New Tivoli Theatre of Varieties in Lime Street, Liverpool, in December 1906, but being so close to the Empire Palace of Moss and Stoll, the New Tivoli never made a profit.

After this setback, in 1908 he bought the old Metropole in Birkenhead, renamed The New Birkenhead Hippodrome, with an opening night that was topped by his wife. He then built his northern chain at a far quicker pace, acquiring the Bolton Hippodrome and then building the new Oldham Palace, which couldn't be named Hippodrome as there already was one in the town.

After the death of fellow impresario Thomas Barrasford in 1910, de Frece acquired most of his Barrasford Halls, having formed the holding company "Variety Theatres Controlling Company Ltd" in partnership with Alfred Butt. By 1914 this also controlled 18 theatres across both Southcoast Hippodromes Ltd and Barrasford Halls Ltd but during World War I, audience taste changed again, and with the advent of moving pictures, many theatres were being converted either in part or whole to new format cinemas. Resultantly, at the end of hostilities and after his knighthood in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours List, de Frece resigned all of his positions, allowing Charles Gulliver to succeed him as managing director of the Variety Theatres Controlling Company.

Political career
After his decision to concentrate on a career in politics, Vesta Tilley made her last performance in 1920 at the Coliseum Theatre, London, at the age of 56. For the rest of her life she lived as Lady de Frece, and from the mid-1920s the couple made their home on the French Riviera, to assist with her declining health.

Sir Walter was first elected as MP for Ashton-under-Lyne at a by-election in 1920, after the constituency's Conservative MP Sir Albert Stanley was elevated to the peerage.

Sir Walter was re-elected at the 1922 general election and at the 1923 general election, when his majority was cut to only 239 votes. At the 1924 general election he did not stand again in Ashton-under-Lyne, but moved to the more promising Blackpool constituency, where he was returned with a majority of over 7,000 votes. He held the seat with a similar majority in 1929.

He represented Blackpool between the two wars; it was claimed by John Cryer, the Labour MP for Leyton and Wanstead, during a House of Commons debate, that Sir Walter only visited the United Kingdom twice a year, once for the Budget speech and again for Ascot and that he had managed to convince his electorate that he was representing their interests by signing a stack of House of Commons notepaper every time he returned. His secretary, claimed Mr Cryer, would then write responses to each letter from his constituents on the signed notepaper, making it appear to voters that they had received a personal response. It was suggested that although he was once a national MP for Blackpool, he actually never went near the place: "in fact he couldn't find it on a map". However, based on entries in Hansard, Sir Walter did make a number of contributions to debates in the House of Commons, initially representing his constituents in Ashton-under-Lyne (from 1920 to 1924), and latterly those in Blackpool from (1924 to 1931).

Later life

In light of the poor health of his wife, he retired from the House of Commons at the 1931 general election, and went to live in the home they had in Monaco. Walter died before his wife, at the age of 64. He is buried in Putney Vale Cemetery, where his wife, who died in 1952 at the age of 88, was later laid to rest beside him. A black granite memorial marks the spot.

References

Sources

External links

Theatre people from Merseyside
English Jews
People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys
Impresarios
English theatre managers and producers
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1918–1922
UK MPs 1922–1923
UK MPs 1923–1924
UK MPs 1924–1929
UK MPs 1929–1931
English expatriates in Monaco
Burials at Putney Vale Cemetery
1870 births
1935 deaths
Knights Bachelor
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Ashton-under-Lyne
Jewish British politicians

Walter de Frece


(Traduktendi)

Novial blid krea da Otto Jespersen, kel had anke es ko-autore de Ido.  Both languages base their vocabularies primarily on the Germanic and Romance languages but differ grammatically in several important respects. Comparisons of Ido and Novial both with each other and with several other major international auxiliary languages (e.g. Esperanto and Occidental) have formed an important part of interlinguistics studies. This article is intended to provide an overview of the salient differences and similarities of Ido and Novial.

Novial is more analytic than Ido, and in Jespersen's view more natural. Li Novial es plu natural kam l'Ido, segun Jespersen.

Personal Pronomines

Verbal Sistemes

The grammars of Novial and Ido differ substantially in the way that the various tenses, moods and voices of verbs are expressed. Both use a combination of auxiliary verbs and verb endings. However, Novial uses many more auxiliary verbs and few endings, while Ido uses only one auxiliary verb and a greater number of verb endings.

In both Ido and Novial, all verb forms are independent of person (1st, 2nd or 3rd persons) and number (singular or plural).

Lingual sample por komparo
Dislok es li Paternoster in ambi lingues:

Externi linkes
 Kompleta Gramatiko di la Linguo Internaciona Ido (187-page PDF file.)
 An International Language: Otto Jespersen's 1928 book which introduced Novial. Contains discussion of earlier auxiliary languages including Ido.
An International Lamguage: The Delegation. Ido Chapter of the first book about Novial which discusses Ido (specific criticisms of Ido are mentioned in various chapters of the book).
OTTO JESPERSEN His Work for an International Auxiliary Language By Henry Jacob, 1943, Comparative Texts comparing Ido, Novial, Occidental, Latino sine flexione, Esperanto and English.
A PLANNED AUXILIARY LANGUAGE By Henry Jacob, 1947. A detailed comparative study of interlinguistics with full grammatical details of five systems of demonstrated usefulness, Esperanto, Ido, Occidental, Novial, and Latino sine flexione.
About Direct Derivation in International Languages By Friedrich Auerbach, 1930 (in Novial).
 A passage from Machievelli in Ido and Novial
 Contains many links pertinent to Novial, Ido, and Otto Jespersen

Vida anke

Komparo inter Novial e Esperanto
Esperanto and Ido compared

Esperanto
Novial
International auxiliari lingues
Konstrukteti lingues
Komparos inter lingues

Komparo inter Novial e Ido


Slavoj Žižek (born 21 March 1949) is a Slovenian philosopher. He has written more than 70 books. He wrote his first English book The Sublime Object of Ideology in 1989. Žižek writes about a lot of different things. Things that Žižek writes about include psychoanalysis, politics, pop culture, and theology from a Marxist point of view.

He writes for The Guardian.  In 2013, he married the Slovene journalist Jela Krečič.

Documentaries
In 2006 Žižek presented a documentary that he had written called The Pervert's Guide to Cinema. In the documentary Žižek used psychoanalytical film theory on several movies.

In 2007 a documentary about Žižek called Žižek! was released.

In 2012 The Pervert's Guide to Ideology was released in the United Kingdom. It was written and presented by Žižek. The documentary is a sequel to The Pervert's Guide to Cinema.

References

20th-century philosophers
1949 births
Living people
Slovenian academics

Slavoj Žižek


Lord Voldemort (born Tom Marvolo Riddle) is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the Harry Potter series of children's books.

The books were written by British author J.K. Rowling. Voldemort first appears in the 1997 fantasy novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. He appears in six of the seven books.

In the Harry Potter movies, Voldemort is played by actors Richard Bremmer, Christian Coulson, Ralph Fiennes, Hero-Fiennes Tiffin, and Frank Dillane.

Name

"Voldemort" is a translation of the French words "vol de mort", which means "flight of death" in French. J.K. Rowling apologized for this in 2009, saying that she did not mean that French people were bad: "I can assure you that no anti-French feeling was at the origin of this choice. As a Francophile, I have always been proud of my French blood. But I needed a name that evokes both power and exoticism." She also said that Voldemort himself was "100 percent English".

Character development

Lord Voldemort is frequently described as "the most evil wizard" in the Harry Potter franchise. Many characters are afraid to say his name and he is often referred to as "He Who Must Not Be Named" or "You-Know-Who".

Voldemort and his followers, the Death Eaters believe wizards should rule the world and conquer non-magical people instead of hiding from them. He also thinks that "pure-blood wizards", wizards who do not have any non-magical parents or ancestors, are superior to other people.

Backstory
Tom Marvolo Riddle grows up in an orphanage in England. He does not know about wizards or magic but does know he can do things other children cannot. He like to scare the other orphans, kill their pets and steal their things from them. When he is 11 years old, a teacher at the wizard school Hogwarts named Albus Dumbledore comes to his orphanage and tells him he is a young wizard and can go to the school.

Over the years, Voldemort makes magical objects called Horcruxes and puts part of his soul in each one. This keeps him from dying all the way and makes it possible for his friends to bring him back to life.

Appearances

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
In the first novel and movie, it is established that Voldemort was an evil wizard who had many followers. The protagonist, Harry Potter's parents were among those who fought against him. Voldemort killed Harry's parents, but due to their sacrifice, he could not kill Harry and he accidentally killed himself. This made Harry famous in the Wizarding World.

Towards the end of the story, Harry finds out that one of the teachers at Hogwarts named Professor Quirrell was trying to steal a magical stone called the Philosopher's Stone. Quirrell takes off his turban and reveals that Voldemort's soul is living on the back of his head and that he is trying to get the Stone to revive Voldemort. Quirrell/Voldemort tries to attack Harry but due to the protective spell that his parent's sacrifice gave him, Harry cannot be killed and Quirrell dies while Voldemort's spirit escapes.

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
In the second book, Ginny Weasley comes into possession of a magic diary and is eventually possessed by Tom Riddle, a manifestation of Voldemort's younger self. Riddle possesses Ginny and makes her open the Chamber of Secrets, which allows a massive snake to terrorise the school and attack students who have non-magic parents. At the end of the book, Harry defeats the snake and destroys the diary, which also makes Tom Riddle's manifestation disappear.

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire

Voldemort makes his next appearance at the end of the fourth book. Voldemort has Harry trapped in a graveyard and his servant, Peter Pettigrew, uses Harry's blood in a potion which gives Voldemort a full body. Because Harry's blood was used in the potion, Voldemort can now "touch" Harry.

Voldemort summons his Death Eaters and tries to kill Harry but their wands connect because they have the same core. The ghosts of Harry's parents distract Voldemort for enough time for Harry to escape.

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
The Ministry of Magic (the magical government) denies that Voldemort has returned. Voldemort frees his most loyal followers from prison, including Bellatrix Lestrange. Harry also discovers that he and Voldemort can look into each other's minds.

In the battle at the end of the book, Voldemort fights Albus Dumbledore, the most powerful wizard. Voldemort escapes but not before the Minister of Magic sees him and the entire Wizarding World is made aware that Voldemort is back.

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
Although he does not appear in this book, his past and childhood are looked at. Harry and Dumbledore discover that Voldemort has made Horcruxes (objects which a wizard can put their soul inside so that they live forever). Several of the Horcruxes, including Tom Riddle's diary, have been destroyed but more remain. Voldemort also gives Draco Malfoy the mission of killing Dumbledore, but it is ultimately Professor Snape who does so, although Snape is actually working for Dumbledore.

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
In the seventh and final book (and its two film adaptations), Harry, Ron and Hermione go on a search for Voldemort's Horcruxes so that they can destroy them and make him mortal. Meanwhile, Voldemort steals the Elder Wand (most powerful wand) from Dumbledore's tomb.

Voldemort's forces attack Hogwarts because Harry is searching for a Horcrux inside Hogwarts castle. During the battle, Voldemort kills Snape because he believes that Snape is the current Master of the Elder Wand (because Snape killed Dumbledore), but Voldemort doesn't know that the wand actually belongs to Draco, who was the one to disarm Dumbledore.

Harry looks into Snape's memories and finds out that Snape was a secret spy working for Dumbledore because Snape was in love with Harry's mother. In the memories, it is also revealed that Harry is an "accidental Horcrux" because a part of Voldemort's soul lives in him. Harry willingly lets Voldemort kill him, but Voldemort's killing curse instead destroys the part of himself inside Harry, meaning that Harry himself survives.

In the final battle, Voldemort's final Horcrux, a snake named Nagini, is killed. Voldemort tries to use the Elder Wand to kill Harry. However, due to Harry defeating Draco Malfoy (the current Elder Wand Master) earlier in the story, Harry is now the true Master of the Elder Wand. Because the Elder Wand will not kill Harry, Voldemort's killing curse actually hits himself. With no Horcruxes left, Voldemort dies.

Portrayal

Interpretation

Experts generally say Voldemort is a metaphor for fascism and fear of outsiders. He has also been compared to Rick Perry, Dick Cheney.  Many people, including author J.K. Rowling, compared Donald Trump to Lord Voldemort after his 2015 proposal to forbid Muslims from entering the United States.

References

Fictional characters introduced in 1997
Fictional murderers
Harry Potter characters

Lord Voldemort


Frances Lillian Bible (January 26, 1919 – January 29, 2001) was an American operatic mezzo-soprano who had a thirty-year career at the New York City Opera between 1948 and 1978. She also made a number of opera appearances with other companies throughout the United States, but only made a limited number of appearances abroad. Martin Bernheimer wrote in Opera News that, "Frances Bible was cheated by destiny. She never quite achieved the international recognition she deserved. Bible had it all—a mellow, wide-ranging mezzo-soprano, an attractive stage presence, genuine theatrical flair, a probing mind and a technique that allowed her to sing bel-canto filigree one night, Verdian drama the next. She was one of the rare American singers who savor the English language. She understood the value of economy, never stooping to easy effects. Perhaps she was too versatile, too tasteful and — dare one say it? — too intelligent for her own good."

Biography
Bible was born and raised in Sackets Harbor, New York. She studied opera at the Juilliard School in New York City under Queena Mario and Belle Julie Soudant before making her professional opera debut in 1948 at the New York City Opera as the Shepherd in Giacomo Puccini's Tosca. Possessing a warm voice and vibrant stage presence, she became a favorite at that house during the time when Beverly Sills and Norman Treigle were also fixtures at the NYCO. She sang Cornelia to Sills's Cleopatra in the NYCO's 1967 production of Handel's Giulio Cesare which made Sills an international opera star.

In 1949 Bible appeared in the world premiere of William Grant Still's Troubled Island. Her first major successes at the NYCO were in 1950 as Amneris in Aida and Cherubino, a trouser role, in Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro. Another major early triumph at the house was her first portrayal of Angelina in La Cenerentola in 1953. Trouser roles became of specialty of her, and she was particularly popular in roles like Octavian in Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier, Oberon in Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream, Nicklausse in Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann, Siebel in Charles Gounod's Faust and Hänsel in Hänsel und Gretel. Other roles in which she excelled were, Dorabella in Così fan tutte, Jocasta in Stravinsky's Oedipus Rex, Herodias in Strauss's Salome, Ottavia in L'Incoronazione di Poppea, the title role in Britten's The Rape of Lucretia, and Ulrica in Un ballo in maschera among many others.

During Bible's career at the NYCO she sang in several world premieres including the roles of Frade in David Tamkin's The Dybbuk in 1951, Elizabeth Proctor in Robert Ward's The Crucible in 1961, and Mrs Tracy in Thea Musgrave's The Voice of Ariadne in 1977. She also sang the role of Augusta Tabor in the original production of Douglas Moore's The Ballad of Baby Doe at the Central City Opera in Colorado in 1956 (although Martha Lipton actually sang the role for the work's opening night). She later reprised the role of Augusta at the NYCO and recorded both the roles of Augusta and Elizabeth Proctor with the NYCO in 1961.

In addition to her work with the NYCO, Bible was a regular performed in America's second-tier houses, appearing in productions with the Baltimore Opera Company, Cincinnati Opera, Dallas Opera (1978), Hawaii Opera Theatre, Los Angeles Opera, New Orleans Opera, Philadelphia Grand Opera Company (1959, 1970), and the Seattle Opera (1968) among others. In 1955 she sang the role of Néris for the United States premiere of Luigi Cherubini's Médée, presented by the American Opera Society in concert at Carnegie Hall. In 1956 she toured the United States singing Cherubino with the NBC Opera Theatre, also appearing in a handful of their opera recordings for television. She sang in a few production with two of America's more important opera houses: the Houston Grand Opera and the San Francisco Opera. She made her debut in Houston as Octavian in 1958. In San Francisco she portrayed Evadne in the United States premiere of William Walton's Troilus and Cressida in 1955. Her other appearances in San Francisco included Bersi in Andrea Chénier (1955), Octavian (1955, 1960), Elizabeth Proctor (1965), Siebel (1955), and the Watercress Vendor and the Chair Mender in Louise (1955).  Two triumphs from the latter part of her career were performances of Mélisande in Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande at the Caramoor International Music Festival and Eglantine in a concert performance of Weber's Euryanthe with the New York Philharmonic, both in 1970.

On the international stage Bible made appearances at the De Nederlandse Opera and the Vancouver Opera. She sang in one production with the Vienna State Opera, the role of Amneris in 1963. She was on the roster of principal singers at the Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe during the 1963-1964 season, and she sang the role of Cherubino with the Scottish Opera in 1964. Her biggest success on the international stage were three lauded performances at the Glyndebourne Festival: the role of Cherubino in 1955 and the role of Ottavia at both the 1962 and 1963 festivals.

After her retirement from the stage, Bible taught on the voice faculty at Rice University in Houston. She later retired to Hemet, California where she died at the age of 82.

References

1919 births
2001 deaths
American operatic mezzo-sopranos
Juilliard School alumni
People from Sackets Harbor, New York
Rice University faculty
20th-century American women opera singers
Singers from New York (state)
Classical musicians from New York (state)
American women academics

Frances Bible


Sidney Sterling Woods (25 July 1917 – 31 March 1989) was an American fighter ace of World War II with 7 victories in Europe and the Pacific theater.

Early years
Sidney Woods was born in San Marcos, Texas on July 25, 1917. He spent much of his youth in Arizona.  He played quarterback for the University of Arizona from 1935 to 1939, and graduated in 1939.

Military service

U.S. Army Cavalry
Second Lieutenant Woods served the next two years (1939–1940) as a cavalryman at Fort Bliss. He was accepted for flight training and graduated from pilot school in September 1941. As a member of the U.S. Army Air Forces, he was flying with the 49th Pursuit Group at the time of the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

World War II flying ace
In 1942 and 1943, while based in Australia and the Southwest Pacific he flew Lockheed P-38 Lightnings and shot down two enemy aircraft in 112 combat missions. He returned to the U.S. in 1943.

Woods spent six months commanding a P-38 training squadron before he was sent to Europe as a P-38 pilot with a new unit.  He completed his first tour in Europe in late 1944. Subsequently, he returned to the European Theater of Operations (ETO) for another combat tour, flying P-51 Mustangs with the 4th Fighter Group. As deputy group commander, Lt. Col. Woods became an ace in a day by downing five Focke-Wulf 190s on 22 March 1945. However, three weeks later he was shot down by flak over Prague, Czechoslovakia, on his 68th ETO mission when he was leading Group "A" in a strafing attack against the Luftwaffe bases in the area.  He spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of war.  He was released from captivity about two months later.  He was discharged in 1945, returning to Arizona.

Korean War
During the Korean War he was called to active duty (1951–1952) to command a training unit at Williams Air Force Base.  He also led the Air Force Jet Acrobatic Team, the predecessor to the Air Force's Thunderbirds.

Decorations
Colonel Woods' decorations included the Army Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star, three Distinguished Flying Crosses, ten Air Medals, and the French Croix de guerre.

  Distinguished Service Cross
  Silver Star
  Distinguished Flying Cross with two oak leaf clusters
  Air Medal with one silver oak leaf cluster and four bronze oak leaf clusters
  French Croix de Guerre

Civilian career
Woods settled in Arizona after World War II, becoming a successful Yuma businessman, flying his own aircraft, and as a founding member of the American Fighter Aces Association.

He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1964.

Sid Woods died of cancer at age 71 and his alma mater established an alumni service award in his honor.

External links
 4th Fighter Group Association WWII
Fighter Pilot Aces List.
Woods' combat report for 22 March 1945

1917 births
1989 deaths
American World War II flying aces
Arizona Wildcats football players
Aviators from Texas
People from San Marcos, Texas
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)
Recipients of the Air Medal
United States Air Force officers
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
United States Army officers
World War II prisoners of war held by Germany
Military personnel from Texas

Sidney S. Woods


"I Wanna" is a song by American rock band the All-American Rejects, released as the third and final single from their third studio album When the World Comes Down on June 8, 2009.

Background
"I Wanna" was written by Nick Wheeler and Tyson Ritter in Florida, United States and was one of the first songs to be written and recorded for When the World Comes Down within a six-month time period both in the studio and the band's tour bus and was refined by Ritter numerous times before recording began.

In an interview with Take 40 Australia, Wheeler said "Tyson came up with the idea on the road while we were touring Move Along. Two years straight on the road, barely going home. And when all you see is planes, buses, cars, insides of venues, dressing rooms and hotels... it starts to feel like a prison. That's kinda what the song's about... you're locked away in this hole and all you wanna do is touch somebody."

Reception

Critical reception
The song received mixed reviews from music critics. The Impressive Inklings praised the song as an album opener and praised Ritter's vocal work as "impressive", while Marshall Lately stated that the track is "a playful opener on the junior effort" and "is repetitive without being annoying, which is seldom found in pop ditties, [it] shows lyrically that they know where they came from, but also where they're going."

Sputnikmusic were more negative, stating "'I Wanna' has enough cringe-inducing lyrics to fill a Mariah Carey song and Ritter's delivery is bored, at best. It feels as though AAR is tired with this same old song-and-dance routine."

Chart performance
Worldwide, "I Wanna" achieved moderate success, peaking at #42 and #45 in Austria and Germany respectively and #84 in the United Kingdom. In Australia, the song became the All-American Rejects' second-highest charting single in that territory - following "Gives You Hell" - peaking at #15. It also charted in the country's year-end Top 100 Singles at #88.

In the United States, "I Wanna" charted at #32 on the Billboard Mainstream Top 40 and #23 on the Adult Top 40 charts respectively in late August 2009, it eventually reached #95 on the Hot 100 the following month.

Music video
A music video for "I Wanna" was directed by Rich Lee and was shot in June 2009 and was released a month later in mid-July. It primarily features the band performing the song on the set of their I Wanna Rock Tour stage set-up with neon lights, while scenes of a couple listening to music and sitting in a car are overlapped through the video, leading to them performing sexual intercourse.

A second version, directed by Paul Hunter, was released October 13, 2009. It revolves around a house party with the band where lead singer and bassist Tyson Ritter encounters his ex-girlfriend (played by Julianna Guill) with a new boyfriend (played by Landon Ashworth). Throughout the video, a series of videos and transitions are shown  on LG cell phones that show the video both through them and how Ritter and his girlfriend broke up. Towards the end, the All-American Rejects are seen performing in front of their party guests with Ritter and the ex-girlfriend crowd surfing towards each other in the audience and ultimately renewing their relationship when they reach each other.

Appearances in popular culture
"I Wanna" is featured in the film The House Bunny, which also stars Ritter as the character of Colby.

Track listing

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

2008 songs
2009 singles
The All-American Rejects songs
Music videos directed by Paul Hunter (director)
Interscope Records singles
Song recordings produced by Eric Valentine
Songs written by Tyson Ritter
Songs written by Nick Wheeler
Music videos directed by Rich Lee

hu:I Wanna
fi:I Wanna
sv:I Wanna
tr:I Wanna

I Wanna (The All-American Rejects song)


A travelling exhibition, also referred to as a "travelling exhibit" or a "touring exhibition", is a type of exhibition that is presented at more than one venue.

Temporary exhibitions can bring together objects that might be dispersed among several collections, to reconstruct an original context such as an artist's career or a patron's collection, or to propose connections – perhaps the result of recent research – which give new insights or a different way of understanding items in museum collections. The whole exhibition, usually with associated services, including insurance, shipping, storage, conservation, mounting, set up, etc., can then be loaned to one or more venues to lengthen the life of the exhibition and to allow the widest possible audiences – regionally, nationally or internationally – to experience these objects and the stories they contain. Such collaborations can add interest to museums where displays of permanent collections might change only slowly, helping to provide fresh interpretations or more complete stories and attract new audiences. They also provide fresh ideas and breathing space for organisations which have exhibition spaces but lack permanent collections.

To have more than one location for the same exhibition can benefit the organiser because it can then share a part of the production costs among the venues, so museums and galleries frequently use touring as a cost-efficient way of promoting access to their collections. For organisers and their venues, touring exhibitions are important for sharing ideas (for example, promoting techniques for providing for visitors with visual impairments or producing displays which examine current or topical issues) and materials (especially objects that might not be seen in public frequently or even shown together), as well as resources (human as well as financial). Touring is a way of sharing with like-minded institutions and of achieving economies of scale which allow more ambitious projects to happen.

Travelling exhibitions are often supported by governmental organizations to promote access to knowledge and materials that might not be available locally. To acknowledge the importance of travelling exhibitions, in 1983 the International Council of Museums (ICOM) established the International Committee for Exhibition Exchange (ICEE) as a forum to discuss the different aspects of exhibition development, circulation and exchange.

Examples of Traveling Exhibitions

In celebration of the 200th year birthday of the founder, Louis Vuitton, Louis Vuitton's "200 Trunks, 200 Visionaries: The Exhibition" has gone on an international tour taking off from Asnieres-Sur-Siene, France and has since then traveled to Singapore, Beverly Hills and New York. The Exhibition displays the work of 200 visionaries across many different fields ranging from art to science inspired by the brands iconic trunk.

See also
 Art exhibition
 Museums Association - UK
 National Touring Exhibitions - UK
 Touring Exhibitions Group - UK
 American Federation of Arts - USA
 International Arts & Artists - USA
 Smithsonian Institution, Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) - USA

References

 ICOM — International Committee for Exhibition Exchange
 A.Buck,Rebecca, Gilmore, Jean Allman. On the Road Again: Developing and Managing Traveling Exhibitions, American Association of Museums, Washington (2003 May),
 Followers of Fashion, National Touring Exhibitions (Hayward Gallery) (January 2002),
 Touring Exhibitions, the Touring Exhibitions Group's Manual of Good Practice (ed. Mike Sixsmith. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995 ). Second edition available on line on the Touring Exhibitions Group's website.
 Morris, Jane. "Why tour an exhibition", in Museum Practice, Issue 32, Winter 2005, pp. 46–47.

Museum events

Travelling exhibition


The True Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints or True Mormon Church was a denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement. It was founded in the spring of 1844 in Nauvoo, Illinois, by leaders dissenting from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

The True Church's president was William Law, a former counselor to the movement's founder, Joseph Smith (then President of the Church). Law was joined by his brother, Wilson Law, along with Robert D. Foster, Charles A. Foster, Francis M. Higbee, Chauncey L. Higbee and Charles Ivins. Members of the True Church believed that "Mormonism" as it had been originally practiced was true, but that the practice of plural marriage in particular was a corruption. William Law did not claim to be a prophet, but merely the president of the church. The church taught that Smith was a "fallen prophet".

This group was responsible for printing the Nauvoo Expositor, which was also critical of Smith and polygamy, leading to his death and contributing to the expulsion of the Latter Day Saints from Nauvoo.

References

Steven L. Shields, Divergent Paths of the Restoration: A History of the Latter Day Saint Movement, Restoration Research, Los Angeles: 1990, p. 29.
Nauvoo [Illinois] Expositor, vol. 1, no. 1, June 7, 1844, Publishers: William Law et alia. See text and facsimile.

External links

1844 establishments in Illinois
Christian denominations established in the 19th century
Defunct Latter Day Saint denominations
Latter Day Saint movement in Illinois
Organizations based in Illinois
Pre–succession crisis denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement
Religious organizations established in 1844


In basketball, a double team (also double-team, double teaming, or double-teaming) is a defensive alignment in which two defensive players are assigned to catch the nut of a single offensive player.

Among basketball strategies in which defenders are assigned to specific players (as opposed to "zone defenses" in which they are assigned to specific regions of the court), each defender is assigned to one offensive player (a "man-to-man" alignment).  However, when an offensive player is overwhelming his or her defender, another defender may help out and create a double team. A successful double teaming can greatly impede that offensive player's movement and passing, such that passing him or her the ball frequently results in a turnover.  However, because devoting two defenders to a single offensive player leaves another offensive player unguarded, if the offensive player succeeds in both receiving the ball and passing it to that teammate, the teammate's likelihood of making a shot becomes much higher than usual.

Double teaming is employed more frequently near the basket than away from it because a) offensive players' likelihood of making any given shot is greater and b) because players tend to congregate near the basket when the ball is in play there, a double-teaming defender can more easily break away if necessary (e.g., to recover a rebound or to block a shot from another player).  One common offensive strategy is to have a tall, physically imposing player (usually a center) "post up" to force a double team, such that he can then either shoot or pass to the unguarded player (often a strong long-distance ["outside"] shooter attempting to make a three-point shot).  A defending team may also double-team a good offensive player away from the basket simply to interfere with the offensive team's preferred tactics. In the NBA, players such as Michael Jordan and Stephen Curry have been double-teamed and triple-teamed on a regular basis due to their offensive prowess and scoring ability.

Basketball terminology

Double team


Musica Toscana, Inc., was a nonprofit cultural, educational, and musicological organization located in Louisville, Kentucky, that promoted the musical heritage of the Tuscan region of Italy.  It was founded in 1999 under the leadership of the musicologist Robert L. Weaver, a retired faculty member of the University of Louisville.  Musica Toscana was headed by Margaret M. Guarnieri after 2007.  As of 2012, the organization ceased operations.  It maintained a reciprocal membership with the period instrument ensemble Auser Musici of Pisa, Italy.

One of the principal reasons for the creation of Musica Toscana was the acquisition in 1984 of the private music library of the Italian Ricasoli family by the Dwight Anderson Music Library of the University of Louisville.  At the time, the Ricasoli collection was one of the largest private collections of eighteenth-century music remaining in the world.  The collection originated with Baron Pietro Leopoldo Ricasoli in Florence and was once in the possession of Baron Bettino Ricasoli, a founding father of the modern Italian state and one of its first prime ministers.

The principal goal of Musica Toscana was to promote music written in Tuscany, performed in Tuscany, or written by Tuscan composers active outside of Tuscany that originated from the period 1590–1850, an era of political, culture, and economic decline in the region, but one of continued musical importance that saw the birth of opera in the 1590s and the invention of the piano a century later.

Musica Toscana oversaw the publication of a series of scholarly and performing editions, the Monuments of Tuscan Music, and sponsored concerts and lectures devoted to its repertory of interest, sometimes in collaboration with Bourbon Baroque. Only four of many planned volumes of the Monuments of Tuscan Music series appeared before the dissolution of the organization.

See also
 History of Tuscany
 Music of Florence
 Music of Tuscany

External links
Barone Ricasoli Ricasoli history

Arts organizations based in Louisville, Kentucky
Culture of Tuscany
Culture in Florence
Music organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Louisville, Kentucky
Organizations established in 1999
Organizations disestablished in 2012
1999 establishments in Kentucky
2012 disestablishments in Kentucky

Musica Toscana


Shizuka Gozen (1165–1211), or Lady Shizuka, was one of the most famous women in Japanese history and literature. She was a shirabyōshi (court dancer) of the 12th century, and a mistress of Minamoto no Yoshitsune. Since she, like many others, are featured largely in the Heike Monogatari (Tale of Heike), Gikeiki (Chronicle of Yoshitsune), and a number of plays of various traditions, her story is quite well known, but it is difficult to separate fact from fiction within it.

1165 births
1211 deaths
People from Kyoto Prefecture
Japanese dancers

Shizuka Gozen


Václav Jaroslav Karel Pinkava (; 9 December 1926 – 13 August 1995), better known by his pen name Jan Křesadlo (), was a Czech psychologist who was also a prizewinning novelist and poet.

An anti-communist, Pinkava emigrated to Britain with his wife and four children following the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet-led armies of the Warsaw pact. He worked as a clinical psychologist until his early retirement in 1982, when he turned to full-time writing. His first novel "Mrchopěvci" (GraveLarks) was published by Josef Škvorecký's emigre publishing house 68 Publishers, and earned the 1984 Egon Hostovský prize.

He chose his pseudonym (which means firesteel) partly because it contains the uniquely Czech sound ř; in addition, he was fond of creating more pseudonyms such as Jake Rolands (an anagram), J. K. Klement (after his grandfather, for translations into English), Juraj Hron (for his Slovak-Moravian writings), Ferdinand Lučovický z Lučovic a na Suchým dole (for his music), Kamil Troud (for his illustrations), Ἰωάννης Πυρεῖα (for his Astronautilia), and more.

Pinkava was also active in choral music, composing (among others) a Glagolitic Mass. As well, he worked in mathematical logic, discovering the many-valued logic algebra which bears his name.

A polymath and polyglot, Pinkava was fond of setting intense goals for himself, such as translating Jaroslav Seifert's interwoven sonnet cycle about Prague, 'A Wreath of Sonnets'. He published a collection of his own poems in seven languages. Perhaps his most staggering achievement is ΑΣΤΡΟΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ Hvězdoplavba, a 6575-line science fiction epic poem, an odyssey in classical Homeric Greek, with its parallel hexameter translation into Czech. This was published shortly after his death, in a limited edition. ()
Only his first, prize-winning novel has been published in English translation, as GraveLarks in a bilingual edition in 1999 () and in a revised edition in 2015 ()

He is the father of film director Jan Pinkava who received an Oscar for Geri's Game in 1998 and also illustrated GraveLarks.

External links
 , in Czech and English
 English links for easy reference:
 Illustrative Translations
 a couple of Critics' views, in English
 by Helena Kupcová
 by Vladimír Novotný
 About Astronautilia
 by Wallace McLeod, in English (Amazon entry)
 illustrative sample transcribed by William Annis
 About his Scientific works
 Biographical reference
 Citations and Articles
 Section on  Pinkava logics in the Encyclopedia of Optimization

Czech novelists
Czech male novelists
Czech poets
Czech male poets
Czech psychologists
Czechoslovak emigrants to England
Writers from Prague
1926 births
1995 deaths
20th-century Czech novelists
20th-century Czech poets
Czech emigrants to England
20th-century male writers
20th-century psychologists

Jan Křesadlo


A Public utility (often called a "utility") is an organization which manages and looks after the equipment and facilities used to provide a service. Often, they also use that equipment and facilities to provide the same service. Public utilities can be small groups based in a local community or large businesses owned by a government.

The word "utilities" can also mean the services provided by these companies. Examples are things like Gas, Water, Sewerage, Electricity, Television, and Telephone services.  Cellphone and Internet services are also being included more often in this definition.

Business
Economics
Public services

Public utility


Prathapa Mudaliar Charithram (), written in 1857 and published in 1879, was the first novel in the Tamil language. Penned by Samuel Vedanayagam Pillai (1826-1889), it was a landmark in Tamil literature, which had hitherto seen writings only in poetry. The book gave birth to a new literary genre and Tamil prose began to be recognized as an increasingly important part of the language.

The author was the munsif (a 'Village President' with some judicial powers) of Mayuram (present day Mayiladuthurai near Thanjavur). Influenced by Western ideas of women's liberation and secularism, he set out to publish works that projected his ideals. His first publication was Pen Kalvi ("Female Education"), which he addressed to his daughters. After witnessing the explosion of novels in Western literature, he set out to publish his groundbreaking novel that would showcase the heroine of the novel as an equal of the hero, if not more savvy and righteous. The story revolves around the protagonist, Prathapa Mudaliar and his travails.

Plot introduction
The story is a loose collection of events and narratives centered on a naive but good-natured hero and his life and adventures. It begins in a typical forward caste family setting, with the young Prathapa Mudhaliar, from Tuluva Vellala Mudaliar family of Arcot indulging in hunting and enjoying himself. The plot also introduces the heroine as a rather intelligent and morally upright girl who marries the hero through a myriad of events.

Plot summary
The novel is narrated in first person.

Soon  they are separated and the wife is found wandering in the forest. In order to safeguard herself, she dresses up as a man and roams through the jungle. Meanwhile, a nearby kingdom loses its heir to the throne and as per custom, requires that a new king be chosen at random by the royal elephant. The elephant wanders into the forest and decides to put the flower garland on the unsuspecting young lady. Soon, she is proclaimed the chief of the region and carried to the royal palace.

The hero, meanwhile, is despondent after losing his wife and goes in search of her. En route to a city, the hero's sandals get torn, and he decides to repair them using the services of a cobbler. He promises the cobbler that if he stitches the footwear properly and the hero is satisfied, he will reward him with happiness. In a few minutes Prathapa's sandals are mended to his satisfaction and he in turn gives the cobbler one rupee (a princely amount in the era in which the novel is set). The cobbler, however, says he is not satisfied with the rupee and demands his "happiness", since that was the promise of Prathap. Perplexed at this sudden turn of events, a crowd soon gathers and no one is able to resolve the issue. Soon, the matter reaches the court of the new "King," who recognizes her husband despite his dishevelled and bewildered face. Prathap, however is unable to recognize the disguise of his wife and addresses her as the King.

She decides to settle this dispute by asking the cobbler if he was happy to see the kingdom's new king. He responds positively, to which she replies that since this quarrel with the young man resulted in his visit to the new king, which ultimately made the cobbler happy, he should go back to his duties, since "happiness" was provided. The cobbler, finding that he has no other way of needlessly harassing the young hero, returns. The "King" soon reveals herself to her husband in private quarters and, after entrusting the kingdom to a young apprentice in the court, leaves the kingdom. Both return to their house and live happily ever after.

Characters
Prathapa Mudhaliar - protagonist of the novel
Gnanambal - Prathap's wife

Literary significance and criticism
The idea of a novel in Tamil language was an instant hit. Though the level of literacy was still abysmal in late 19th century Tamil Nadu, sales of the book were still higher than expected. The novelty and success of this novel prompted many other writers to produce more such works. The novel was followed by Kamalambal Charitram by B. R. Rajam Iyer in 1893 and Padmavathi Charitram by A. Madhaviah in 1898, and set the trend for Tamil books.

Translations
The book was translated in various other languages including Dravidian languages and in English. The English translation was done by Meenakshi Tyagarajan in 2005. This also convinced many other writers in other Indian languages to write more prose-oriented books. Prathapa Mudaliar Charithram is still translated and published, with Amar Chitra Katha even creating a comic book adaptation of this novel.

References

External links

1879 novels
Tamil novels
Novels set in Tamil Nadu
19th-century Indian novels
Indian historical novels in Tamil
Novels adapted into comics

Prathapa Mudaliar Charithram


Arif Malikov (also Melikov; 13 September 1933 – 9 May 2019) was an Azerbaijani composer. His first major composition "Legend of Love" was staged at the Kirov State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet in Leningrad. The ballet was staged in many countries in Europe.

The ballet "Legend of Love", is based upon the legend of "Farhad and Shirin". Malikov went on to write music for two more ballets, including "Yer üzündə iki nəfər (balet)" Yer üzündə iki nəfər (balet) ("Dvoe" or "Two") (1967) and "Poem of Two Hearts" (1981).

Malikov died on 9 May 2019, at the age of 85.

References

Other websites
 "Arif Malikov, Composer: Symphonic Music Built Upon Legend and Imagination," by Arif Malikov with Aida Huseinova, in Azerbaijan International, Vol. 13:1 (Spring 2005), pp. 32–35.

1933 births
2019 deaths
Azerbaijani composers
Soviet musicians
Burials at Alley of Honor
Musicians from Baku

Arif Malikov


Messina Marittima railway station () is an interchange station for train and ferry services into and out of the city and comune of Messina, on the island of Sicily, Italy.  Opened in 1889 and was rebuilt between 1937 and 1939. It forms part of the Palermo–Messina and Messina–Syracuse railways.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services to and from the station are operated by Trenitalia, and the connecting ferry services are operated by Bluvia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Location
Messina Marittima railway station is adjacent to Messina Centrale railway station, which is in Piazza della Repubblica, southeast of the city centre.

History
Although Messina Centrale was inaugurated on 12 December 1866, it was not connected with the Port of Messina until 20 June 1889, when a  long extension of the line from Palermo Centrale was opened to a new station, which was named Messina Marittima.

The delay in making this connection was due to financial difficulties affecting the Società Vittorio Emanuele, which was taken over by the Società per le strade ferrate della Sicilia (better known as la Sicula) in 1885.

Both stations were severely damaged in the Messina earthquake of 1908 and later reconstructed.

A new station, incorporating both Messina Centrale and Messina Marittima, was built between 1937 and 1939 to replace the two old stations.  Designed by the architect Angiolo Mazzoni, the two part passenger building is an example of rationalist architecture, with large spaces and imposing linear elements.

Features

Passenger building

Overview
The passenger building is shaped like an arch lying on its side.  The western end faces the road and the west pier of the port; the building then extends as a curved structure over the station yard above the platforms.

The south side of the building is attached and merged with Messina Centrale's passenger building.

The building's two levels are connected by escalators and pedestrian stairways; on the ground floor, there are a ticket office, bars, newsagents and services.

Architecture
The passenger building is a typically impressive fascist design, not lacking in pomposity. Conceived by Mazzoni, its style, incorporating large spaces in a straightforward structure that emphasises the vertical, became the norm for public buildings of the era. Its design makes extensive use of travertine tiling and floor-to-ceiling windows.

Salon of Mosaics

The north side of the passenger building extends parallel to the waterfront, as a long panoramic enclosed bridge crossing the group of tracks leading to the ferry berths.

The hall, or salon, from which the ferries' docking and boarding operations can be seen, is decorated with a magnificent mosaic in vitrified tiles depicting historical, social and environmental themes borrowed from the Sicilian tradition.

From openings in the salon at intervals corresponding to the individual berths, long covered gangways extend downwards to give access to passenger ferries.

The final design of the great mosaic was the work of notable Italian artist Michele Cascella. Its subject was inspired by a Mussolini speech to Palermo that "raised" Sicily to "the burden of being the Centre of the Empire".

Execution of the work, based on the painted study, was commissioned by the Opificio delle pietre dure from the Scuola del Mosaico of the Reverenda Fabbrica di San Pietro.

Station yard
The station yard consists of six tracks used by both passenger and freight services.  From the waterfront, these tracks run past two sets of sidings, one on each side, and then fan out into ten tracks extending to the adjoining Messina Centrale station.

Interchange
Messina Marittima offers interchange with ferries to Villa San Giovanni and Reggio Calabria.

Piazza della Repubblica, outside the main entrance to Messina Centrale, is a stop on the Messina tramway.

See also

History of rail transport in Italy
List of railway stations in Sicily
Rail transport in Italy
Railway stations in Italy

References

External links

Messina Marittima railway station on Wikimapia

Marittima Railway Station
Railway stations in Sicily
Railway stations opened in 1889
1889 establishments in Italy
Railway stations in Italy opened in the 1880s

Messina Marittima railway station


Key Publishing is a magazine publishing company specialising in aviation titles, based in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England.

History
Airliner World was launched in 1999. In 2005 it launched Airports of the World, and in the same year it bought PC Pilot (originally launched in 1999), the world's best selling flight simulation magazine.

In October 2009, Key Publishing bought Spain's leading aviation magazine Avion Revue, and its Latin American (Mexico and Argentina) editions, formerly owned by Motor Presse - Ibérica (a division of Europe's largest publishing firm - Gruner + Jahr). This magazine, along with Avion & Piloto, is published by Key Publishing Spain.

In March 2010, it bought the title Aviation News. Aviation News is Britain's longest established monthly aviation journal. Airfix Model World launched on 4 November 2010, in partnership with Airfix.

In March 2012, Key Publishing acquired several magazines previously published by Ian Allan Publishing. Titles included Modern Railways, Railways Illustrated, Vintage Roadscene, Hornby Magazine, Combat Aircraft, Classic Aircraft, and Buses.

Products
As well as its core titles, it produces one-off titles for organisations such as the Royal Air Force. It produces the directories for the Society of British Aircraft Companies and the British Aviation Group. It produces the souvenir programme for the Farnborough Airshow.

Titles

The following are publications of Key Publishing:

Websites
Key.Aero
Key Model World
AirForces Daily
AirForces Intelligence
Key Shop

Structure
It is sited on the A6121 in the very north of Stamford, not far from the former Stamford branch of the Great Northern Railway and the River Gwash (a tributary of the River Welland).

References

External links

 Special publications (one-offs)
 Aviation forums
 AirForces Intelligence
 Key Aero

1980 establishments in England
Companies based in Stamford, Lincolnshire
Publishing companies established in 1980
Magazine publishing companies of the United Kingdom
Mass media in Lincolnshire
Publishing companies of the United Kingdom
South Kesteven District

Key Publishing


LevelDB is an open-source on-disk key-value store written by Google fellows Jeffrey Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat. Inspired by Bigtable, LevelDB source code is hosted on GitHub under the New BSD License and has been ported to a variety of Unix-based systems, macOS, Windows, and Android.

Features
LevelDB stores keys and values in arbitrary byte arrays, and data is sorted by key. It supports batching writes, forward and backward iteration, and compression of the data via Google's Snappy compression library.

LevelDB is not an SQL database. Like other NoSQL and dbm stores, it does not have a relational data model and it does not support SQL queries. Also, it has no support for indexes. Applications use LevelDB as a library, as it does not provide a server or command-line interface.

MariaDB 10.0 comes with a storage engine which allows users to query LevelDB tables from MariaDB.

History
LevelDB is based on concepts from Google's Bigtable database system. The table implementation for the Bigtable system was developed starting in about 2004, and is based on a different Google internal code base than the LevelDB code. That code base relies on a number of Google code libraries that are not themselves open sourced, so directly open sourcing that code would have been difficult. Jeff Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat wanted to create a system resembling the Bigtable tablet stack that had minimal dependencies and would be suitable for open sourcing, and also would be suitable for use in Chrome for the IndexedDB implementation. They wrote LevelDB starting in early 2011, with the same general design as the Bigtable tablet stack, but not sharing any of the code.

Usage
LevelDB is used as the backend database for Google Chrome's IndexedDB and is one of the supported backends for Riak. Additionally, Bitcoin Core and go-ethereum store the blockchain metadata using a LevelDB database. Minecraft Bedrock Edition uses a modified version for chunk and entity data storage. Autodesk AutoCAD 2016 also uses LevelDB.

Performance
Google has provided benchmarks comparing LevelDB's performance to SQLite and Kyoto Cabinet in different scenarios. LevelDB outperforms both SQLite and Kyoto Cabinet in write operations and sequential-order read operations. LevelDB also excels at batch writes, but is slower than SQLite when dealing with large values. The currently published benchmarks were updated after SQLite configuration mistakes were noted in an earlier version of the results. Updated benchmarks show that LevelDB also outperforms Berkeley DB, but these tests also show that OpenLDAP LightningDB is much faster (~10 times in some scenarios) in read operations and some write types (e.g. batch and synchronous writes, see the link above), and is almost equal in the rest of the test.

All the above benchmarks date back from 2011 to 2014, and may only be of historical significance as SQLite, for instance, became significantly more efficient.

Bugs and reliability
LevelDB has a history of database corruption bugs. A study from 2014 has found that, on non-checksummed file systems, the database could become corrupted after a crash or power failure.

See also

Lightning Memory-Mapped Database
RocksDB

References

External links

2011 software
Bigtable implementations
C++ libraries
Google software
Key-value databases
Ordered Key-Value Store
NoSQL
Database engines
Embedded databases
Software using the BSD license

LevelDB


Sister Sledge is an American R&B and pop music group. It was founded in Philadelphia in 1971. They have had several hit singles. Their hits are We are Family, Frankie and He's the Greatest Dancer. Their names are Kim, Kathy, Joni and Debbie. Sledge is their actual last name. The original identity of the group was "Mrs. Williams Grandchildren", though it was later changed to the current name "Sister Sledge". They were especially popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

1971 establishments in the United States
American girl groups
American R&B bands
1970s establishments in Pennsylvania

Sister Sledge


The Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple is a Hindu temple, on the hill of Tiruttani, Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India, dedicated to Murugan. The hill has 365 steps indicating 365 days of the year. It is fifth among the six abodes of Murugan (Arupadai Vidu) The other five are Palani Murugan Temple, Swamimalai Murugan Temple, Thiruchendur Murugan Temple, Thiruparankundram and Pazhamudircholai Murugan Temple. Tiruttani is  from Chennai. It is the only adobe located within the Greater Chennai Metropolitan Area limit. During the Sangam era, Tiruttani was known as Kundruthoradal. After killing the asura Tarakasura in Tiruchendur, he came here to subside his anger, so Surasamharam is not conducted here.

History
The origins of this temple, are buried in antiquity. This temple has been mentioned in the Sangam period work Tirumurugatruppadai composed by Nakkeerar. It has been patronized by the Vijayanagara rulers and local chieftains and zamindars. The original animal mount of Murugan is believed to have been an elephant, compared to the peacock which is considered to be the most common mount. The white elephant, is considered a powerful, terror striking animal. The iconography is maintained only in two places, namely, this temple and Tiruttani Murugan Temple.

Legend
According to the regional legend of the temple, Indra, the king of the devas gave his daughter Devasena in marriage to Murugan, and along with her presented his elephant Airavata as part of his offering. Upon Airavata's departure, Indra found his wealth waning. Murugan is said to have offered to return the white elephant, however Indra bound by protocol refused to accept a gift that he had made, and insisted that the elephant face his direction, hence the image of the elephant in this temple also faces the east.

Another legend has it that Indra presented a sandal stone as a part of his daughter's gift. The sandal paste made on this stone is applied to the image of Murugan and the applied paste is said to acquire medicinal value. Murugan is also believed to have imparted knowledge of Tamil to the sage Agastya and he is heralded with the epithets Veeramurti, Jnanamurti, and acharyamurti in this shrine.

On worshipping at Thanikai, the king of the snakes, Vasuki got his bodily wounds healed, which had been caused during the Samudra Manthana to secure the amrita (nectar of immortality) by the devas and asuras when the Mandara mountain was used as the churning base and the snake king Vasuki as the rope. Sage Agastya worshipped Murugan at Tanikai when he was blessed with the divine gift of the Tamil language.

Architecture

The temple is located on a hill named Thanigai hill reached with 60 steps. The temple has a five-tiered gopuram and four precincts. There are several water bodies associated with the temple. The temple has two shrines, namely, Murugan in the form of Shaktidharar and the shrines of Valli and Devasena in two other shrines.

Religious significance
Apart from its puranic greatness, Saint Arunagirinathar has praised this hill as the chosen place for worship by devas and the favorite abode of saints performing prolonged tapas. He also compared this hill to Shivaloka (Kailasha) and as the very soul of the world. Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar, who lived 200 years ago (one of the trinity of Carnatic music) had his inspiration in Tiruttani when Murugan (in the guise of an old man) met him on the steps and sweetened his tongue with the prasadam of this temple, which impelled him to compose and render his first kriti "Sri Nathadhi Guruguho Jayati Jayati" (song) Murugan of Tanikai. The temple vimanam was covered by gold.

Administration
The temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu.

Timings
Usually the temple is open from 5:45a.m. to 21:00. On special days, the temple is open full day in between 12pm to 3 pm is closed on some festival time

Festivals
Besides the monthly Kiruthikais which attract a large number of devotees to this shrine, the two outstanding annual festivals are the Aadi Krittikai and 31 December New Year Step Festival. The float festival is celebrated in the month of Adi, Brahmotsavam in the month of Masi, during which Valli Kalyanam is celebrated on the 8th day, and the Murugan Shashti is celebrated in the Tamil month of Aippasi.

Aadi Krittikai
Aadi Krittikai festival (in July–August) lasts for three days with Float Festival when hundreds of thousands of devotees come to this holy place from far and near.

Notes

References

External  links
Official Temple page
Murugan Temples

Hindu temples in Tiruvallur district
Murugan temples in Tamil Nadu

Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruttani


Keivan Saket () (born 1961 in Mashhad) is an Iranian composer and university professor and Tar and Setar Player, and author of 12 books for Tar and Setar.

Early life

Keivan Saket was born in 1961 to a family in Mashhad. He began music and painting from childhood with the support of his parents. He was a pupil of painting masters such as Sadegh Pour in drawing, Master Pirasteh in coloration and Master Davvalo in watercolor.

His first music lessons came from his uncle, Manochehr Zamanian, in Children and Teenagers' Music Workshop founded in Mashhad by National Broadcasting Organization under the management of Morteza Delshab. After a short time Manochehr Zamanian left Mashhad in order to pursue his education. Some time later, his townsman and his uncle's friend Hamid Motabassem, came to Mashhad and started teaching in the same workshop. He had taught music in Arts Academy of Tehran, and for two successive summers before the Islamic Revolution he continued teaching there. After the Islamic Revolution Motabassem moved to Mashhad and became friends with Saket. After some time he returned to Tehran and then went overseas.

Career

Keivan Saket founded the Vaziri Band in 1996 and performed many works with this band. In 1990 he was invited as a musician and a soloist to Aref band by Parviz Meshkatian. The result of this cooperation is works like Afshari Morakkab, Ofoqe Mehr, Vatan Man sung by Iraj Bastami, and Magham-e Sabr composed by Master Meshkatian with Saket's tar and setar solo.

Concerts inside and outside of Iran were among Saket's activities. He founded The Big Orchestra of Keivan Saket with more than 60 musicians and singers. The group had many successful concerts in Tehran.

Works

Albums and performances
Jãmeh-Darãn Tar and Setar soloing in Esfahan, Shoor and chãrgãh
Sabokbãl 18 Chãhãr Mezrãb written in the book of Sabokbal
Ey Vatan remaking and performing some of the works of Alinaghi Vaziri with singing of Fazel Jamshidi and piano playing of Hooman Khalatbari
Becoming familiar with Dashti melody, performing some lessons of second book new teaching styles of Tar and Setar
Fasaneh performing Abo Ata, Rast Panjgah with Vaziri Orchestra with singing of Iraj Bastami
Didare Shargh Va Gharb performing Morgh-e Sahar with singing of Fazel Jamshidi and performing 8 famous songs of the world composed by West stars with Tar and piano accompanying of Maziar Heydari
Ghasedak Setar soloing accompanying vocalizing poem by Zhale Sadeghian one of the contemporary poets
East of Sorrow performing Tar and stringed orchestra in the first two sections: Iranian and then music of West different eras with cooperation of Omid Nikbin, Navid Mostafa Pour and Behnam Abolghasem
Bi Carvan koli performing works composed by Saket with Vaziri Orchestra with singing of Iraj Bastami in tune of Shooshtari and Shoor
Mah Banoo old popular songs Sadigh Tarif melody
Shargh Andooh
Illuminations
Ballad of Cypress
Naghmehye Mehr (Not released in Iran)
Composition, making and performing ten programs in the style of Golhaye Javidan. Naghmehaye Javidan ordered by Music Unit of National Broadcasting Organization, vocalized by Zhale Sadeghian and Saket soloing and Hasan Nahid (reed) and Mahmood Mohammadi (clarinet) and Sina Jahanabadi (Kamancheh) and performing of Vaziri Orchestra and singing of Salar Ahgili – Reza Rezaee – Mohsen Roh Afza – Amir Tafti and Fazel Jamshidi
Making 15-minute programs under the title of Ghowl va Ghazal (Word and Lyric), performing with Setar for recognizing and decomposition and analysis of Iranian music row in two description: one what he has written in his books one and the other Mirza Abdollah's one.
Mitaravad Mahtab with Salar Aghili's singing
Raghse Angoshtan (memorial of Moscow trip captured in Chaikovsky Conservatory)
Key Miresad Baran with Sina Sarlak's singing and Hormoz Naser Sharifi's poems

Books
 Tar & Setar in 12 volumes, 6 of which has been published
 Allegre 18 four plectrums for Tar and Setar
 The Wave the note of a number of songs of East of Sorrow and Illuminations albums
 Perpetual Movement 20 Useful Studies for the Tar and Setar
 Charkhe-E-Niloofari 20 Useful studies for Tar and Setar
 Eight Famous Song of the World notes of classic songs in the album of Sharg va Gharb (East and West)
 The Solace of the Willow (15 simple four plectrums)
 Practical radif of Iranian Classical Music

References

External links

1961 births
Living people
Iranian composers
Iranian setar players
Iranian tar players
Iranian music educators
Musicians from Mashhad

Keivan Saket


The Cheetah Girls started out as a 2003 Summer Line-Up movie for Disney Channel. Within the two years of release, it gained one of the biggest fan franchises in Disney history as well as on the soundtrack charts having a Double Platinum soundtrack and high-rated DVD release. After all of this success three of the original members Adrienne Bailon, Kiely Williams and Sabrina Bryan decided to reunite and record and a song for the Disneymania 3 CD. Raven-Symoné however declined saying that "I want to work on my solo career right now. I loved being a Cheetah Girl but I don't want to be known as 'Galleria from The Cheetah Girls', and as 'Raven Baxter' forever. Right now I just want to be Raven-Symoné."

Adrienne Bailon (who at the time had a reoccurring role on That's So Raven) claimed to "understand" but still said she was "disappointed" in Raven for not continuing what she started. However, the 3 remaining Cheetahs recorded I Won't Say (I'm In Love) for Disneymania 3. They also kept their names from The Cheetah Girls movie. Kiely was known as "Aqua", Adrienne was known as "Chanel" and Sabrina was known as "Dorinda". After seeing how much of a response I Won't Say (I'm In Love) received, Disney quickly approached the Cheetahs for a recording contract. Raven was again offered her spot back in the group and again declined. This upset Adrienne so much that she quit as her role of Alana on That's So Raven. The newly reformed Cheetah Girls signed the contract for one album with Walt Disney Records. The stage names Dorinda, Chanel and Aqua were also dropped at this time. Right before the release of their debut album they released a single for the Chicken Little soundtrack called Shake a Tail Feather, a re-make of an old Ray Charles song. Their debut album was a Christmas album titled Cheetah-licious Christmas. They also made a music video for their debut single also titled Cheetah-Licious Christmas. They performed this single at the Walt-Disney Christmas Day Parade and were featured in The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. After the success of their Christmas album they were reported as signing to Hollywood Records (Owned by Disney but for more successful artists such as Aly & AJ and former Cheetah Raven-Symoné).

At this time a Cheetah Girls television series was in the works as well. It did however convince former cheetah Raven-Symoné to return for television and film purposes only. The show filmed a total of 4 episodes when it was put on hiatus reason being That's So Raven being renewed for its fourth and final season. The Cheetahs (Including Raven) did however quickly meet up again for a sequel called The Cheetah Girls 2 and recorded a soundtrack for the movie also. It is set to debut on the Disney Channel on August 25, 2006. Raven however left the Cheetah Girls after filming wrapped claiming "Lots of work" that had to be completed. The Cheetah Girls are set to go on a two month tour (it is unknown if Raven will join them) in mid-September of 2006 to promote The Cheetah Girls 2: When in Spain album. After that the Cheetahs are headed back to the recording studio to record their sophomore album. It is still not known if The Cheetah Girls television series will ever be picked up because of the falling out between Raven and Adrienne and Raven's separation from the group. If it is picked up, producers have stated that they will be writing in a major role for the newest 3LW member Jessica Benson.

The sequel The Cheetah Girls 3 is currently under script development and has been rumored to be a theatrical release. If production continues on The Cheetah Girls 3 then all of the original cheetahs are under contract to return. It has also been rumored that if The Cheetah Girls 3 does well then production will continue on The Cheetah Girls television Series and that Jessica Benson may have a role written into this movie as well as the TV series. they officially disbanded in 2008.

Filmography

Discography

Studio albums

Soundtracks albums

Other Albums

EPs

Other websites

Official site on Hollywood Records
Official site on Walt Disney Records

American girl groups

The Cheetah Girls (group)


The Lady Pays Off is a 1951 American romantic comedy film starring Linda Darnell, Stephen McNally and Gigi Perreau, and directed by Douglas Sirk. A teacher finds herself with a large gambling debt that she has to pay off in an unusual way.

Plot
Evelyn Walsh Warren is named Teacher of the Year and her photo is on the cover of Time magazine, but she is dissatisfied with her uneventful life. That changes when she goes to Reno and inadvertently loses $7000 at the roulette table, mistaking $100 chips for $1 ones. Casino owner Matt Braddock offers her a deal: He will tear up her IOU if she finds out what is wrong with his nine-year-old daughter Diane, who is moping around, not eating and having nightmares. When Evelyn refuses, he suggests they cut cards for the debt. She gets a king, but he tops her with an ace (by cheating). Defeated, she accompanies him to his home in Carmel, California.

Frustrated at her predicament, Evelyn is initially cold to Diane, but after overhearing the child's telephone conversation with her father, Evelyn becomes ashamed of herself and quickly becomes fast friends with her young charge. Soon, Diane is happy, much to Matt's delight. In fact, she is so taken with her new private teacher that she begins maneuvering to set Evelyn up with her father.

Diane becomes frustrated when Kay Stoddard, Matt's old flame, shows up. Undaunted, the young girl manages to steer Kay into some poison oak to get her out of the way. Evelyn is hostile to Matt at first, but gradually warms to him. When they go out fishing on a boat, she secretly disables the motor to spend more time with him. Matt, however, flags down a commercial fishing boat owned by Manuel to take them aboard. Evelyn gets drunk on a seasickness remedy and  admits to Matt that she has fallen for him; they become engaged.

Matt sells his casino so his future wife will not be ashamed of him, but he gets a shock when Evelyn tells him that it was all an act. She goes home.

There, she receives a telephone call from Marie, Matt's housekeeper. Diane has run away. Frantic, Evelyn flies to Carmel, where she and Matt blame each other. However, it turns out that Diane (with Marie's encouragement) was just hiding. The little girl gets the two to realize they really do love each other.

Cast
 Linda Darnell as Evelyn Walsh Warren
 Stephen McNally as Matt Braddock
 Gigi Perreau as Diane Braddock
 Virginia Field as Kay Stoddard
 Ann Codee as Marie
 Lynne Hunter as Minnie
 Nestor Paiva as Manuel
 James Griffith as Ronald
 Billy Wayne as Croupier
 Katherine Warren as Dean Bessie Howell
 William Newell as Bartender (as Billy Newell)
 Paul McVey as Speaker
 Tristram Coffin as Carl
 Judd Holdren as Face
 Nolan Leary as Doctor
 John Doucette as Cab Driver
 Ric Roman as Ricky

Reception
TV Guide panned the film, stating "The unbelievable and obvious plot is further hampered by the miscasting of Darnell. Though he directed the film smoothly, Sirk has been quoted as saying he '[had] no feeling for this picture at all,' which is obvious in the final product."

References

External links

American black-and-white films
American romance films
Films directed by Douglas Sirk
Films set in California
Films set in Reno, Nevada
Films about gambling
Universal Pictures films
Films scored by Frank Skinner
1950s romance films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films

The Lady Pays Off