John Alfred Larsson (2 April 1938 – 18 March 2022) was a Swedish Salvationist, writer and composer of Christian music and hymns, who was the 17th General of The Salvation Army.

Biography
The son of officer Sture Larsson and Flora Ethel Mildred Benwell, he spent his early years in his native Sweden, in Denmark, Chile and Argentina. Even his grandparents were officers in The Salvation Army, and his grandfather on his father's side, Commissioner Karl Larsson, is known in the Army's history as the one who "opened fire" in Russia the first time (1914). John Larsson became an officer in 1957 from the Upper Norwood Corps, London, England. He graduated from the University of London with a BD degree.

After a year as a corps officer in the north of England, he served on the staff of the International Training College in London for seven years before returning to corps appointments.

Larsson and Captain Freda Turner were married in 1969 while Larsson was stationed at the corps in Ealing. They have two sons, Karl Larsson and Kevin Larsson, who are both members of The Salvation Army.

Larsson and his wife were appointed to the South America West Territory in 1980, he as Chief Secretary and she as Territorial Home League Secretary. In 1984, they were appointed to the International Training College as principal and librarian, respectively. They were appointed to International Headquarters in London in 1988. Larsson, as assistant to the Chief of the Staff for United Kingdom administrative planning, was given the task of researching and planning for the separation of the international and national administrations. Freda Larsson served as coordinator for married women officers.

The Larssons were then appointed Territorial Commander and Territorial President of Women's Organisations for the United Kingdom Territory with the Republic of Ireland in 1990. In 1993, they were appointed territorial leaders for the New Zealand, Fiji and Tonga Territory; and in 1996, they received similar appointments for the Sweden and Latvia Territory.

Larsson was the author of Doctrine Without Tears, The Man Perfectly Filled with the Spirit, Spiritual Breakthrough and How Your Corps Can Grow.  He is also the author of 1929, a history of the events that took place that year in The Salvation Army, Inside a High Council, explaining the workings of The Salvation Army High Council, and Those incredible Booths: William and Catherine Booth as parents.

Larsson was also a composer and, together with John Gowans, co-authored ten full-length stage musicals, Take-Over Bid (1967), Hosea (1969), Jesus Folk (1972), Spirit (1973), Glory (1975), White Rose (1977), The Blood Of The Lamb (1978), Son Of Man (1983), Man Mark II (1985), and The Meeting (1990).

In 1999, Larsson became chief of the staff, second-in-command of The Salvation Army worldwide.  His wife became World Secretary for Women's Organisations (later Women's Ministries).

Larsson was elected General on 6 September 2002, and assumed the office following the retirement of his predecessor, General John Gowans. Shaw Clifton succeeded to the office of General when Larsson retired at midnight on 1 April 2006.

Larsson died at his home in Bromley, London on 18 March 2022, at the age of 83.

References

External links
The Gowans and Larsson musicals website

1938 births
2022 deaths
Swedish Salvationists
Christian writers
Composers of Christian music
Salvation Army officers
Swedish Christian hymnwriters

John Larsson


The Battle of Wuhan was a Japanese attack on the Chinese city of Wuhan during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The battle started on February 1938 and ended on October 1938. The city of Wuhan had a military base with 1,100,000 Chinese soldiers. The Japanese, planned to encircle and invade Wuchang. In October, the Chinese army was able to retreat out of Wuhan.

1938 in Asia
Wuhan
Second Sino-Japanese War

Battle of Wuhan


South London is the name for the boroughs of London in the south of the city. This has been defined as follows: Either the area is south of the River Thames, or by its postcode. It belongs to the district south of the River Thames. Postcodes of such areas either start with SE or SW. South London covers the London Boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.  According to the London Plan, the boroughs Bexley, Greenwich, Lewisham, Bromley and Southwark make up Southeast London, and the others are Southwest London.  Around 2.8 million people live in South London, of a total population of 8.8 million people for all of London.

Gallery

Areas of London

South London


Cambridge Glass was a manufacturer of glassware formed in 1873 in Cambridge, Ohio. The company produced a range of coloured glassware in the 1920s, initially with opaque shades, but moving on to transparent shades by the end of the decade. Unable to compete with mass-produced glassware, the company closed briefly in 1954, but was reopened in 1955. However, financial difficulties persisted, and, after several ownership changes, the factory closed for good in 1958. Imperial Glass Company purchased the Cambridge Glass molds two years later, and would use them for another three decades until that company went bankrupt in 1984.

Early history
The Cambridge Glass Company was chartered in 1873 by a group of Cambridge, Ohio businessmen. But it was not until 1899, when the site was purchased by the newly formed National Glass Company, that funds became available to start the construction of this new glass factory.

In 1901,  The Cambridge Glass Company was organized by Myron Case, Casey Morris, Addison Thompson, Andy Herron and Fred Rosemond, who were owners of the National Glass Company of Pennsylvania.

Under Arthur J. Bennett's Leadership
During construction of the plant, Arthur J. Bennett, a native of England, was hired to manage this new factory.  Having experience in the china and glass trades, Mr. Bennett proved to be an excellent choice for the position. He was funded to come to America by his father who was a plumber in England. (Nicole Orme)  The first piece of glass, a three pint pitcher, was produced in May 1902.

A variety of heavy pressed patterns were produced during the next five years.  Many of the patterns were of Mr. Bennett's own design.  Sometime around 1903-1904 the company's first trademark came into being, the words "Near Cut" pressed into the glass.

Cambridge Glass soon became known worldwide for quality in both "crystal and colors, pressed and blown."

In 1907, the National Glass Company experienced financial problems that ended in receivership for the company.  By supplementing his life savings with local bank financing, Mr. Bennett was able to raise the necessary $500,000 to purchase the Cambridge Glass Company in its entirety.

The company continued to prosper under his ownership, and in 1910 was expanded to include an additional plant at nearby Byesville, Ohio – under the name of The Byesville Glass and Lamp Co.  Many of the deep plate etched patterns were introduced during this time period, some of which were Marjorie and Betty, named after members of Mr. Bennett's family.

Through these early years, the company operated its own coal mines and consumed 50 tons daily producing raw gas to fire its melting pots.  It also used natural gas produced from its own wells.  The abundant supply of natural resources had been one of the main reasons for locating this factory in Ohio.

During 1916, things slowed quite a bit, and in 1917 it was decided to close the factory in Byesville and transfer those operations back to the Cambridge plant.

The 1920s were years of expansion and heralded a new trademark - the letter "C" enclosed within a triangle.  Mr. Bennett decided to introduce a variety of opaque colored items into their line.  With as many as 700 employees working three shifts a day, very strong lines of colored ware and complete dinner services were added to the production from the 56 pots of glass being used.  Figural shapes became popular in the occasional pieces.  The company was also producing a complete line of pharmaceutical items.  It was said, "If it will sell, Cambridge will produce it."

The 1930s were perhaps the most prolific years of Cambridge development, with the new colors (Carmen, Royal Blue, Crown Tuscan and Heatherbloom), and new patterns, (#3400 line, Caprice line, Statuesque stem line, Rose Point etching) being developed.

Leadership change
During the peak of the Cambridge Glass Company, Mr. Bennett served as president of the company, his son-in-law, Wilber L. Orme was vice president; Mrs. Bennett as director; William C. McCartney as secretary; G. Roy Boyd as treasurer and K.C. Kelley as factory superintendent.

In July 1939, Mr. Bennett sold the controlling interest of the company to his son-in-law, Wilber L. Orme, who continued to develop designs and colors.  However, Mr. Bennett continued as president until his death in February 1940.

In 1950, the Cambridge Square pattern won top honors across the United States for its modern design.  In the early 1950s the demand for fine handmade glassware began to decrease, and the competition of foreign and machine-made glass began taking its toll.

In 1954, Mr. Orme decided to close the plant, ending one of the best and most prosperous glass companies the world has ever known.

Cambridge Colors
Color played a significant role in the success of Cambridge Glass Co.  They produced opaque glass and then moved onto transparent colors.  The opaque shades were produced in early 1920s with colors such as helio, jade, primrose, azurite and ebony.  In the latter of the 1920s there was a shift to transparent colors in light colors.  In the 1930s, the company moved to darker colors such as forest, amethyst and royal blue. Towards the end of the 1930s, most of the lines made were done in crystal. One of the darker colors they started to use was the amethyst which they invented and patented (reliable source the granddaughter.)

Sidney Albert, Imperial Glass
Shortly after closing in 1954, the company was sold to a firm headed by Sidney Albert of Akron, Ohio.  The plant reopened in March 1955.  Sales were very poor, and in 1956 Morrison Industries Ltd. of Boston, Massachusetts, acquired possession.  Sales continued to be slow and with management problems.  The company closed its doors for the final time in 1958.

In November 1960, Imperial Glass Company of Bellaire, Ohio, acquired the Cambridge molds and equipment.

1984 saw Imperial forced into bankruptcy.  At this time the National Cambridge Collectors purchased many of the molds, all of the etching/decorating plates and other assets of Cambridge Glass from Imperial.  These items are now located on the museum grounds.  The N.C.C., due to a lack of funds and miscommunication, could not purchase all of the molds.  Some are now owned by other glass companies.

Demolition of factory
The Cambridge Glass factory building was demolished in 1989 when the owners decided the factory had deteriorated beyond repair. All the buildings were razed.

References

Defunct glassmaking companies
Cambridge, Ohio

Cambridge Glass


A Coast Guard is an organization that protects people at sea. The role of a coastguard varies greatly by country. The coast guard is sometimes part of a military, or a semi-military organization, or else is a law enforcement (policing) agency. However, the coast guard is always separate from the Navy.

For example, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) is a branch of the military. Their duties include searching for people, ships and boats in danger at sea, rescuing those in danger and law enforcement to protect people from terrorism and crimes at sea. It can also become part of the Navy in a time of war.

By contrast, Her Majesty's Coastguard in the United Kingdom is neither a military force nor a law enforcement agency. Its only job is to lead searches and rescues for those in danger at sea, while the Royal National Lifeboat Institution launch most of the rescue boats.

Related pages

 Pakistan Coast Guard

Other websites
USCG website
USCG boating office

Coast guard


Kathryn Leigh Scott (born Marlene Kringstad, January 26, 1943) is an American television and film actress and writer who is best remembered for playing several roles on Dark Shadows.

Early life
Scott was born in Robbinsdale, Minnesota, of Norwegian descent.

Career

Scott grew up on a farm in Robbinsdale, Minnesota, the daughter of Ole Kringstad, a Norwegian immigrant, and Hilda Karlsgodt Kringstad, of Norwegian descent. She attended Northwestern University in their summer "cherub" program while in high school. In 1962 she moved to New York to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts on a scholarship while working as a Playboy Bunny in the original New York Playboy Club at 59th and Fifth Avenue. Upon graduation from the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, Kathryn landed the ingénue lead in the classic Gothic daytime drama Dark Shadows (ABC, 1966-1971), and starred in the 1970 MGM feature House of Dark Shadows in 1970. Kathryn played four roles in the series: Maggie Evans, Josette du Pres, Lady Kitty Hampshire and Rachel Drummond.

In 1971, she moved to Paris, France, with her fiance, Time/Life photojournalist Ben Martin. In Paris, Kathryn played twins in the French language film L'alfomega. After marrying later that year in Vikebukt, Norway, she and her husband moved to London, England, where she continued working as an actress. She appeared in several television films including Crime of Passion, Harriet's Back In Town, The Turn of the Screw, Marked Personal, Come Die With Me, Dial M For Murder, Space: 1999, and the miniseries Late Call, Edward The King, and The Exiles. Scott also appeared in the 1980 British television series Hammer House of Horror episode, "Visitor From The Grave."  She also appeared in the feature films Brannigan with John Wayne; Providence with Dirk Bogarde, directed by Alain Resnais; The Great Gatsby, with Robert Redford and Mia Farrow, directed by Jack Clayton; and The Greek Tycoon with Anthony Quinn and Jacqueline Bisset. In 1974, she played Nurse Kelly in a six-month run of Harvey with James Stewart, directed by Sir Anthony Quayle, at the Prince of Wales Theatre, London. The following year she was in a new play, Le Weekend, at the Bristol Old Vic, Bristol, England.

In 1978 Scott moved to Los Angeles to star in the CBS series Big Shamus, Little Shamus with Brian Dennehy. She guest-starred in a succession of television series, and then returned to England to film The Last Days of Patton with George C. Scott; Murrow with Daniel J. Travanti; Voice of the Heart with James Brolin; and Chandlertown with Powers Boothe.

In 1985, Scott launched Pomegranate Press, Ltd. to publish books about the entertainment industry, including guide books, biographies, textbooks and coffee table art books. She wrote The Bunny Years (the 25-year history of Playboy Clubs told through the women who worked as Bunnies), which was sold to Imagine Entertainment's Brian Grazer. She also co-produced a two-hour special for the A&E Network, and a one-hour documentary for BBC-1 and Canadian TV, based on the book. Pomegranate has published over 50 nonfiction titles, including Scott's books Lobby Cards: The Classic Films (Benjamin Franklin Award for Best Coffee TableBook) and Lobby Cards: The Classic Comedies, both of which were published in the U.K. by Bloomsbury. She published a trade paperback edition of the hardcover biography Coya Come Home, with a foreword by Walter Mondale (2012).

Scott wrote Dark Shadows Memories, to coincide with the series' 20th anniversary, and Dark Shadows Companion as a 25th anniversary tribute. She has written three novels -- Dark Passages (2012), Down and Out in Beverly Heels (2013), and Jinxed (2015); a memoir, Last Dance at the Savoy (Cumberland Press, 2016); and a trilogy of books on care-giving: Now With You, Now Without, The Happy Hours, and A Welcome Respite (Grand Harbor, 2017).

Scott plays Mamie Eisenhower in the feature film The Eleventh Green (2019) with Campbell Scott. She has also recently appeared in Three Christs (2018) with Richard Gere and Juliana Margulies, and Woody Allen's A Rainy Day in New York (2018). She appeared in Hallmark Channel's Broadcasting Christmas (2016) and Lifetime's A Wedding to Die For (2017), and has a recurring role as George Segal's girlfriend Miriam in The Goldbergs. She wrote Dark Shadows: Return to Collinwood (2012), and appeared in a cameo role in the Johnny Depp/Tim Burton film Dark Shadows (2012).

After Scott's divorce from Ben Martin in 1990, they continued as partners in Pomegranate Press and remained close until his death in 2017. Scott married Geoff Miller, founding editor and publisher of Los Angeles Magazine in 1991. He died from progressive supra-nuclear palsy in 2011. Kathryn is a national volunteer spokesperson for CurePSP.

She has served on the Boards of the Beverly Hills Women's Club and the Women's Club of Hollywood.

Pomegranate Press
In 1986, Scott founded Pomegranate Press, which published her books about Dark Shadows, as well as other books authored by her, including The Bunny Years, about the 25-year history of Playboy Bunnies, and coffee table books on film art. Pomegranate Press has also published books by other authors, mainly nonfiction entertainment titles. Today, she continues to work as an actress (Three Christs with Richard Gere, 2017) and writer (Last Dance At the Savoy, Now With You, Now Without). She reprised a number of her Dark Shadows roles in a series of audio dramas. Scott co-wrote (with Jim Pierson) Dark Shadows: Return to Collinwood, an updated retrospective on the original series, including the Tim Burton remake with Johnny Depp, in which Scott has a cameo role. The book was released on April 3, 2012 via Pomegranate Press.

Personal life
Scott married her first husband, photographer Ben Martin, in 1971. They divorced in 1990, although the two remained business partners in Pomegranate Press. Martin died in February 2017.

In 1991, she married Los Angeles magazine founder Geoff Miller (1936–2011). She and Miller remained together until his death from progressive supranuclear palsy in 2011.

Filmography

Television

Notes

References

External links

 Interview with Kathryn Leigh Scott
   Audio interview with Kathryn Leigh Scott on Deep Dish Radio re: Acting career and publishing
 Kathryn Leigh Scott interview at Classic Film & TV Cafe
Interview at The Norwegian American

Actresses from Minnesota
American film actresses
American people of Norwegian descent
American television actresses
American women non-fiction writers
Living people
People from Robbinsdale, Minnesota
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
20th-century American women writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American women writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
Writers from Minnesota
1943 births

Kathryn Leigh Scott


Ab Baars (born November 21, 1955 in Axel, Netherlands) is a Dutch saxophonist and clarinetist who has had an active performance career since the 1970s. He has recorded several albums for the Geestgronden Records, Atavistic Records, and WIG records.

Baars began studying the piano and music theory at the age of 5. At 15 he began pursuing studies on the tenor saxophone and was soon after playing in wind ensembles. At the age of 18 he entered the Rotterdam Conservatory where he pursued saxophone studies in both classical and contemporary styles of music like jazz and rock. He later pursued clarinet studies in Los Angeles with John Carter in 1989. Baars' 1997 album A Free Step was dedicated to recording previously unheard compositions by Carter who had died in 1991.

While a student in Rotterdam, Baars became a member of the Orkest de Volharding under leader Theo Loevendie. His participation in that group introduced him to several of his long time musical collaborators in concerts and on disc, including tubist Larry Fishkind, violinist Ig Henneman, keyboardist Guus Janssen, composer/pianist Misha Mengelberg, cornetist Butch Morris, and trombonist Wolter Wierbos. In the 1980s he expanded his repertoire to include performances on the soprano and baritone saxophones in addition to the tenor saxophone. In 1986 he became a member of the ICP Orchestra. With bassist Wilbert de Joode and drummer Martin Van Duynhoven he formed a jazz trio in 1989. Beginning in 1996 the trio occasionally added a fourth guest member in concerts and recordings, trombonist Roswell Rudd.

Since 1989, Baars has periodically performed as a guest artist with the Dutch punk band The Ex.

References

1955 births
Living people
Dutch jazz saxophonists
Male saxophonists
21st-century saxophonists
21st-century male musicians
Male jazz musicians
ICP Orchestra members

Ab Baars


Wah Cantonment, also known as Wah or Wah Cantt (Punjabi, Urdu: واہ) is a city in the Rawalpindi District in Punjab, Pakistan. It is a military garrison city that sprung up around the Pakistan Ordnance Factory and a cantonment with Pakistan Army barracks and other facilities. It has a proper market, hospital, schools, colleges and other civic facilities, and many areas for people to live.

It is near the much older Wah village, along the Grand Trunk Road  (GT Road). Wah villiage is a small but scenic and historical place. It is the birthplace of a famous Punjabi leader and statesman, Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, Khattar.

Cities in Punjab (Pakistan)

Wah Cantonment


Rail terminology is a form o technical terminology. The difference atween the American term railroad an the internaitional term railway (uised bi the Internaitional Union o Railways an Inglis-speakin countries ootside the United States) is the maist significant difference in rail terminology. Thare are an aw others, due tae the parallel development o rail transport seestems in different pairts o the warld.

Various global terms are presented here; whaur a term haes multiple names, this is indicated. The abbreviation "UIC" refers tae standard terms adoptit bi the Internaitional Union o Railways in its offeecial publications an thesaurus.

H
Hivy rail
Inglis, Heavy rail. In the Unitit Kinrick, heavy rail refers to conventional railweys forming part of the national network, including commuter, intercity, high-speed rail, rural and freight services, as distinct from metro, light rail and tram lines, people movers and similar.

O
OHLE
Overhead Line Equipment. An owerheid line supplying current to electric trains or trams.

Rail transport

Glossary o rail transport terms


Four-ball is a pairs playing format in the game of golf. It is also known as better ball or best ball. It is also sometimes abbreviated as 4BBB.

In a stroke play competition, competitors are paired and play as a team. Each golfer plays their own ball; the team's score on each hole is the lower of the two players' scores. Only one of a pair is required to complete each hole. The winners are the team with the lowest aggregate score over a set number of holes. Since 2017 this format, along with foursomes, has been used by the Zurich Classic on the PGA Tour.

In a match play competition, a four-ball consists of two teams of two players competing directly against each other. All four golfers play their own balls throughout the round (rather than alternating shots); each hole is won by the team whose member has the lowest score. This form of golf is commonly played in team golf competitions such as the Ryder Cup, Solheim Cup, and Presidents Cup.

See also
Foursomes
Celebrity Bowling (adapted the best-ball format for bowling)

References

Golf terminology
Rules of golf

Four-ball golf


Dick Tracy (1937) is a 15-chapter Republic movie serial starring Ralph Byrd based on the Dick Tracy comic strip by Chester Gould. It was directed by Alan James and Ray Taylor.

Plot
Dick Tracy's foe for this serial is the crime boss and masked mystery villain the Spider/the Lame One (both names are used) and his Spider Ring. In the process of various crimes, including using his flying wing and sound weapon to destroy the Bay Bridge in San Francisco and stealing an experimental "speed plane", The Spider captures Dick Tracy's brother, Gordon. The Spider's minion, Dr. Moloch, performs a brain operation on Gordon Tracy to turn him evil, making him secretly part of the Spider Ring and so turning brother against brother.

Cast

Starring cast
Ralph Byrd as Dick Tracy
Kay Hughes as Gwen Andrews
Smiley Burnette as Mike McGurk
Lee Van Atta as Junior
John Picorri as Dr Moloch
Richard Beach as Gordon Tracy (pre-operation in Chapter 1)
Carleton Young as Gordon Tracy (post-operation in Chapter 1)
Fred Hamilton as Steve Lockwood
Francis X. Bushman as Clive Anderson

The above cast members appear in the opening credits in "cameo" display — sequential pictures of each actor with his/her name (and sometimes character name) superimposed at the bottom of the screen — for the first episode, followed by a listing of supporting players. Subsequent chapters simply listed the stars on one screen and the same supporting cast a second. This approach to cast display was used by Republic from its first serial through Haunted Harbor in 1944. Universal serials presented a similar approach to cast display until 1940, only in their case, the star-cameos appeared with the first 3-4 episodes, and subsequent episodes listed these names usually followed, on a scrolling cast list, by part, but not often all, of the supporting players who had been named on the episodes with the cameos. Occasionally, a new player or two might be added. Columbia only a few times adopted this approach to displaying the cast of its serials. Republic, Universal, Warner Bros. Pictures, and some independents also used star "cameos" in numbers of their B pictures during the 1930s.

Supporting cast
John Dilson as Ellery Brewster
Wedgwood Nowell as H. T. Clayton
Theodore Lorch as Paterno
Edwin Stanley as Walter Odette
Harrison Greene as Cloggerstein
Herbert Weber as Tony Martino
Buddy Roosevelt as Burke
George DeNormand as Flynn
Byron K. Foulger as Kovitch

The above cast members appear in the opening credits as simply a list of the actor's names.

Production
Dick Tracy was budgeted at $112,334 although the final negative cost was $127,640 (a $15,306, or 13.6%, overspend).  It was the most expensive Republic serial until S O S Coast Guard was released later in the year.

It was filmed between 30 November and 24 December 1936 under the working titles Adventures of Dick Tracy and The Spider Ring.  The serial's production number was 420.

In this serial, Dick Tracy is a G-Man (FBI) in San Francisco rather than a Midwestern city police detective as in the comic strip. Most of the Dick Tracy supporting cast and rogues gallery were also dropped and new, original characters used instead (for instance the characters of Tracy's girlfriend Gwen Andrews and his detective partner Mike McGurk were stand-ins for Tess Trueheart and Pat Patton respectively). Dick Tracy creator Chester Gould approved the script despite these changes.

There were three sequels to this serial: Dick Tracy Returns (1938), Dick Tracy's G-Men (1939), and Dick Tracy vs. Crime, Inc. (1941). They were all permitted by an interpretation of the original contract, which allowed a "series or serial". That meant that Dick Tracys creator, Chester Gould, was only paid for the rights to produce this serial but not for any of the sequels.

Stunts
George DeNormand as Dick Tracy (doubling Ralph Byrd)
Loren Riebe (doubling Jack Gardner)

Special effects
John T. Coyle
The Lydecker brothers

Release

Theatrical
Dick Tracy'''s official release date is 20 February 1937, although this is actually the date the seventh chapter was made available to film exchanges.

Alpha Video released the serial on two DVDs in 2003. Volume 1 contains Chapters 1 through 7, and Volume 2 contains Chapters 8 through 15.  VCI released all four Dick Tracy serials on DVD in 2008 separately, then put them all out together in one boxed set in 2012.

A 73-minute feature film version, created by editing the serial footage together, was reported by Jack Mathis to have been released on 27 December 1937, based on a single memo in the Republic Pictures corporate papers files; however, no evidence of any showing of this film, at least within the United States, has ever been located, nor any other evidence that such a feature version was even made.
The only known feature version of this serial is a direct-to-TV movie edited and syndicated in the late 1980s, and subsequently made available on videotape and DVD (most recently, under the altered title Dick Tracy and the Spider Gang).

Critical reception
Cline states that the Dick Tracy serials were "unexcelled in the action field," adding that "in any listing of serials released after 1930, the four Dick Tracy adventures from Republic must stand out as classics of the suspense detective thrillers, and the models for many others to follow."  He goes on to write that Ralph Byrd "played the part [of Dick Tracy] to the hilt, giving his portrayal such unbridled, exuberant enthusiasm that the resulting excitement was contagious."  Byrd become identified with the character following the release of this serial.  The final chapter reunion between Dick and Gordon Tracy, as Gordon lies dying and his memory returns, is "one of the few moments of real emotional drama ever attempted in serials". This added to the human quality of Dick Tracy, which was present in both this serial and Chester Gould's original strip.

Chapter titles
The Spider Strikes (29 min 31s)The Bridge of Terror (19 min 11s)The Fur Pirates (20 min 25s)Death Rides the Sky (20 min 49s)Brother Against Brother (19 min 14s)Dangerous Waters (16 min 52s)The Ghost Town Mystery (20 min 11s)Battle in the Clouds (18 min 40s)The Stratosphere Adventure (18 min 00s)The Gold Ship (18 min 28s)Harbor Pursuit (16 min 35s)The Trail of the Spider (17 min 39s) — re-cap chapter
The Fire Trap (16 min 45s)The Devil in White (20 min 35s)Brothers United (16 min 59s)Source:Dick Tracy was the only 15-chapter serial released by Republic in 1937.

CliffhangersThe Spider Strikes:  The Bay Bridge, under attack from the Spider's sonic weapon, begins to collapse on top of Dick Tracy.The Bridge of Terror: Dick Tracy's plane is damaged by gunfire and crashes into a rail bridge.The Fur Pirates: Chasing his brother and the Spider Ring by motorboat, Dick Tracy is crushed between two moored ships moving closer together.Death Rides the Sky: Dick Tracy transfers to an unmanned, remote plane to save Junior but it is shot down by the Spider Ring.Brother Against Brother: In a roof-top chase, Gordon shoots his brother Dick, sending him into a multi-story fall.Dangerous Waters: Dick Tracy's leg is caught in submarine's mooring line, pulling him under the waves.The Ghost Town Mystery: Dick Tracy falls into a pit in a mine tunnel. Spider Ring thugs take aim.Battle in the Clouds: Gordon shoots down his brother's plane.The Stratosphere Adventure: Dick Tracy is knocked unconscious aboard a burning, crashing Zeppelin.The Gold Ship: A steel plate from a ship's hull falls on top of Dick Tracy.Harbour Pursuit: Dick Tracy's motorboat has its controls shot out by thugs, crashing into an oncoming ship.The Trail of the Spider: The lights go out, the Spider mark shines on Dick Tracy's forehead, several shots are fired.The Fire Trap:  Dick Tracy falls while escaping a burning ship.The Devil in White: Dick Tracy is strapped to an operating table to undergo the same brain operation as his brother Gordon.

References in other films
 The cliffhanger for chapter three, a motorboat chase, is copied in the movie Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989).
 The Spider's flying wing was reused for the later, unconnected, Republic serial The Fighting Devil Dogs'' (1938).

References

External links

 Dick Tracy at Todd Gault's Movie Serial Experience

Download or view online
 Download or view the complete public domain serial at The Internet Archive

 View the complete public domain serial in Flash video format

1937 films
1930s crime films
American black-and-white films
Dick Tracy films
1930s English-language films
Republic Pictures film serials
Films directed by Ray Taylor
Films directed by Alan James
American aviation films
Articles containing video clips
Films produced by Nat Levine
1930s American films

Dick Tracy (serial)


Lawrence Harding Johnston (February 11, 1918 – December 4, 2011) was an American physicist, a young contributor to the Manhattan Project. He was the only man to witness all three atomic explosions in 1945: the Trinity nuclear test in New Mexico and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan.

During World War II, Johnston worked at the MIT Radiation Laboratory where he invented ground-controlled approach radar. In 1944, he went to the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos Laboratory, where he co-invented the exploding-bridgewire detonator.

After the war, Johnston completed his Ph.D. thesis in 1950, and became an associate professor at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. He later worked at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center as head of the electronics department, and was a professor at the University of Idaho in Moscow, where he taught until his retirement.

Early life
Born in Shandong, China, on February 11, 1918, Johnston was the son of American Presbyterian missionaries. The family returned to the United States in 1923, and his father became a Presbyterian pastor in Santa Maria, California.

After graduation from Hollywood High School in 1936, Johnston earned an associate degree at Los Angeles City College. He transferred to the University of California in Berkeley, where Luis Walter Alvarez was a graduate student. Johnston received his bachelor's degree in physics in 1940.

World War II

MIT Radiation Laboratory
Johnston intended to study for his doctorate under Alvarez,  but instead followed him east to the MIT Radiation Laboratory near Boston in February 1941. Alvarez and Johnston worked together on ground-controlled approach radar. This allowed aircraft to be guided to a safe landing in adverse weather conditions, based on radar images, and  would later prove crucial during the Berlin Airlift. They were awarded US Patents  2,555,101  and  2,585,855 for it.

While a graduate student at Berkeley, Johnston met Mildred (Millie) Hillis, a girl who shared his strong Christian faith. When Alvarez discovered how much Johnston missed Hillis, he arranged for Johnston to be flown back to Berkeley. Johnston and Hillis married, and returned to Boston together. She sometimes accompanied them on field trips to test the ground-controlled approach radar system. They had five children: Mary Virginia (Ginger), Margy, Dan, Lois, and Karen.

Manhattan Project

At age 26 in 1944, Johnston followed Alvarez to the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos Laboratory, where Robert Oppenheimer, who was also from the University of California, was the director. Johnston became involved in the development of the Fat Man plutonium bomb. Because of the high level of spontaneous fission in reactor plutonium, it was decided to use a nearly critical sphere of the metal and compress it quickly into a much smaller and denser core using explosives, a technical challenge at the time.

To create the symmetrical implosion required to compress the plutonium to the required density, thirty-two explosive charges were simultaneously detonated around the spherical core. Using conventional explosive techniques with blasting caps, progress towards achieving simultaneity to within a small fraction of a microsecond was discouraging. Alvarez directed Johnston to use a large capacitor to deliver a high voltage charge directly to each explosive lens, replacing blasting caps with exploding-bridgewire detonators. This detonated all thirty-two charges within a few tenths of a microsecond. The invention was critical to the success of the implosion-type nuclear weapon. Johnston was awarded US Patent 3,040,660 for the exploding-bridgewire detonator.

Johnston and Alvarez's next task for the Manhattan Project was to develop a set of calibrated microphone/transmitters to be parachuted from an aircraft to measure the strength of the blast wave from the atomic explosion, so as to allow the scientists to calculate the bomb's energy. He observed the Trinity nuclear test from a B-29 Superfortress that also carried fellow Project Alberta members Harold Agnew and Deak Parsons.

Flying in the B-29 Superfortress The Great Artiste in formation with the Enola Gay, Alvarez and Johnston measured the blast effect of the Little Boy bomb which was dropped on Hiroshima. A few days later, again flying in The Great Artiste, Johnston used the same equipment to measure the strength of the Nagasaki explosion. He was the only person to witness the Trinity test and the bombings of both Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Johnston never regretted the part he had played in the bombings. Years later, Johnston recalled:

After the war
After the war, Johnston returned to graduate school at Berkeley. Under Alvarez's supervision, he wrote his PhD thesis at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory on the "Development of the Alvarez-type proton linear accelerator". After he graduated in 1950, he became an associate professor at the University of Minnesota. There, he built a 68 MeV proton linear accelerator, which he used to perform proton-proton scattering experiments. In 1964, he joined the Physics Laboratory of The Aerospace Corporation, where he learned techniques for investigating far infrared radiation.

In 1964, Johnston moved to the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center as head of the Electronics Department. He worked there on the construction of a , 20 GeV electron linear accelerator. He became a professor of physics at the University of Idaho in 1967, and focused on nuclear physics, far infrared lasers, and molecular spectroscopy. Johnston retired in 1988 at age 70, and continued to reside in Moscow as professor emeritus until his death.

In retirement, Johnston made a number of trips to Israel to work on biblical archaeology projects. He was a strong supporter of Christian ministries, and believed in intelligent design. Johnston died of lung cancer at age 93 in his home in Moscow on December 4, 2011. Married for 69 years, he was survived by his wife Millie and their five children.

Honors
Phi Beta Kappa,  1939
Elected Member,  Society of the Sigma Xi, 1950
Elected Fellow, American Physical Society, 1953
Elected Fellow, American Scientific Affiliation, about 1952
Sigma Xi award, Outstanding Research Paper of the year, 1976
Stark Spectrum of Methyl Alcohol in the Far Infrared with R. P. Srivastava. J. Mol. Spectroscopy  61 147 (1976).

Source:

References

Bibliography

External links
Adventures at Wartime Los Alamos transcript & slides of  Johnston's presentation at Los Alamos in 2006
Idaho Academy of Science News: Lawrence Johnston
The View from North Central Idaho: Lawrence Johnston
University of Idaho - Department of Physics – Witness to an Explosive History (from Lewiston Tribune, 2011)

American physicists
Manhattan Project people
University of Idaho faculty
University of Minnesota faculty
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Educators from Shandong
1918 births
2011 deaths
Scientists from Shandong

Lawrence H. Johnston


Greenlief Thurlow Stevens (1831–1918) commanded the 5th Maine Battery in the American Civil War.  His battery is commemorated by a monument on Stevens' Knoll, named for him, on the Gettysburg Battlefield.  It was among the first parts of the battlefield purchased for preservation.

Early life
Greenlief T. Stevens was born in Belgrade, Maine, a town in Kennebec County, on August 20, 1831. He was the youngest son of Daniel and Mahala (Smith) Stevens.  Greenlief Stevens was educated in local schools and taught school before reading law with the Honorable Samuel Titcomb of Augusta, Maine.  Stevens became a lawyer, practicing in Belgrade and Augusta after being admitted to the local bar in 1860.  He also attended the Harvard Law School, graduating in July 1861; and he was about 30 years old at the outbreak of the Civil War.

Civil War service
Stevens was commissioned a lieutenant in the 5th Maine Battery on January 31, 1862. The battery spent early 1862 drilling before going into the field. Cpt George F. Leppien commanded the battery.  It was attached to the division of BG James B. Ricketts in I Corps, when it was III Corps of the Army of Virginia. The 5th Maine participated in the Second Battle of Bull Run, one of its guns helping cover the army's retreat.  When the division was assigned to BG John Gibbon, it served on the left flank at the Battle of Fredericksburg.

In the Battle of Chancellorsville, the 5th Maine, attached to the second division under BG John C. Robinson, was moving to join I Corps when it was ordered to a post near the Chancellor House supporting II Corps where it was under fire from Confederate guns.  The battery was credited with helping 1st division II Corps withdraw from a dangerous position.  Cpt Leppien was mortally wounded, and Lt Edmund Kirby was too.  Lt Stevens took over command.  He was wounded by a shell fragment on May 3, 1862; but he retained command of the battery. The battery lost a quarter of its personnel killed or wounded.  (Stevens reported for the battery on May 8, 1863.)

Stevens succeeded to command of the 5th Maine Battery after Chancellorsville, being promoted to the rank of captain on June 21.  The battery was transferred to the newly created artillery brigade of I Corps at the end of May.  Stevens led the battery at the Battle of Gettysburg, serving near the Gettysburg Lutheran Seminary on July 1. It served near the left of the Seminary building, and it then moved to its right to cover the Chambersburg Pike.  The Confederate brigade of BG Alfred Moore Scales came close to Stevens' guns before being repulsed.  BG James S. Wadsworth ordered the battery to withdraw as the Union line on Seminary Ridge began to collapse from its left flank rightward.  Col Charles S. Wainwright the I Corps chief of artillery countermanded the order and then reinstated it. The battery withdrew through the town of Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill under the cover of heavy smoke from their own gunfire.

The 5th Maine Battery was positioned by MG Winfield Scott Hancock on the knoll between Culp's Hill and East Cemetery Hill known as McKnight's Hill and now named for Stevens.  Col Wainwright ordered Stevens to remove fence rails behind his position in case the battery had to retreat. It remained there on July 2 and 3, covering the north approach to Culp's Hill. Cpt Stevens was wounded in the legs by a Confederate sharpshooter on July 2, and Lt Edward N. Whittier commanded for the remainder of the battle. Under his direction, the battery exchanged fire with Confederate guns on Benner's Hill, part of a barrage that effectively suppressed the Confederate gunner's fire. The 5th Maine Battery received little fire in return, as the Confederates fired at East Cemetery Hill. Both Stevens and Whittier used a French "ordnance glass" as a range finder to improve the performance of their guns.

When two brigades from the division of MG Jubal Early attacked East Cemetery Hill late on July 2, the battery fired into the advancing Confederate formation. Uneven terrain and gathering darkness probably limited the effectiveness of the battery's fire.  However, the brigade of Col Isaac E. Avery lacked sufficient punch in all of its attack, partly because of this fire, which hit the left flank of the Confederate advance. (The guns fired over the heads of the 33rd Massachusetts Infantry, startling these troops.) Apart from Capt Stevens, one lieutenant and 11 men were wounded. Another 6 were lost to the enemy during the retreat on the first day of the battle.

Stevens returned to command in time for the Bristoe Campaign and the Battle of Mine Run, remaining in the artillery brigade of I Corps. When the Army of the Potomac was reorganized before the Overland Campaign of 1864, the 5th Maine Battery was assigned to the Reserve Artillery. In that formation it took part in the Battle of the Wilderness, although little engaged.  The battery was assigned to the artillery brigade of VI Corps under MG Horatio G. Wright on May 17, during the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. The battery supported infantry of VI Corps during the Battle of North Anna as well.  At the Battle of Cold Harbor, Stevens was able to place his guns in earthworks near the Gaines Mill Road to support the VI Corps line.  On June 3, Stevens had his gunners fire canister at the Confederate works to support Wright's attack.  Stevens also reported silencing a Confederate battery.

The battery participated in the early stages of the Siege of Petersburg. It served on an expedition to Reams Station before leaving the Petersburg front. On July 10, 1864 Stevens' battery was sent to the defenses of Washington, D. C. The battery served in VI Corps operations as far as Harpers Ferry, West Virginia for the remainder of July.

Cpt Stevens served in the Army of the Shenandoah under MG Philip Sheridan.  This included serious fighting at the Battle of Opequan and the Battle of Cedar Creek.  At Opequan, the 5th Maine supported the advance of first division VI Corps.  The guns were advanced four times toward Winchester as the battle progressed.  At Cedar Creek, Stevens' battery covered the right flank of second division VI Corps when it made its final stand against the Confederate assault.  Both Wright and Sheridan recommended Stevens for promotion for his efforts.

The 5th Maine Battery remained in the Army of the Shenandoah, in the artillery brigade commanded by Maj Albert W. Bradbury, to the end of the war.  Stevens was mustered out of the volunteer service on July 6, 1865. He had received brevet rank of major on February 14, 1865 to rank from October 19, 1864.

Post war
Stevens served in the Maine Legislature.  He served in the House of Representatives in 1875 and in the senate in 1877-1878.  Beginning in 1888, Maj Stevens served two terms as sheriff of Kennebec County before becoming probate judge in 1892.  Judge Stevens also served on Maine's commission for monuments on the Gettysburg battlefield.  He also was involved in his battery's veterans' association.

Stevens married Mary Ann Yeaton on March 25, 1856. They had three children, but only son Don Carlos, a Unitarian minister, survived him.  Stevens died in Augusta, Maine on December 22, 1918 and was buried in Woodside Cemetery in Belgrade.

References

 Bishop, Ethan F., The Gettysburg Battlefield: The Union Regimental Commanders Who Were Casualties in the Battle, Westminster, MD: Heritage Books, 2008.   Accessed online.
 Coddington, Edwin B., The Gettysburg Campaign: A Study in Command, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1968.
 Pfanz, Harry W., Gettysburg: Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1993, .
 Pfanz, Harry W., Gettysburg: The First Day, University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
 Sears, Stephen W., Chancellorsville, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996, .

External links

Union Army officers
People of Maine in the American Civil War
People from Belgrade, Maine
1830 births
1918 deaths
Harvard Law School alumni
Maine sheriffs
Maine lawyers
19th-century American lawyers

Greenlief T. Stevens


Martha's Vineyard (and the smaller Chappaquiddick Island nearby) is an island off the southern coast of Cape Cod, both forming a part of the Outer Lands region. It is often called just "the Vineyard".  With a land area of 87.48 square miles (231.75 km²), Martha's Vineyard is the 57th largest island in the United States.  It is located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts, in Dukes County, which also includes Cuttyhunk and the other Elizabeth Islands, as well as the island of Nomans Land.

Islands of the United States
Geography of Massachusetts

Martha's Vineyard


Dartford is the main town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, in England. It is about 18 miles south-east of London, on the River Darent. It is today a commuter town for London, but it has been more important in the past.

In prehistoric times, the first people appeared in the Dartford area about 250,000 years ago. Archaeological investigations have uncovered important finds from the Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age. Roman villas were built along the Darent Valley. During the medieval period Dartford was an important waypoint for travellers.

Dartford was a crossing-point for the River Darent when the Romans colonised Britain.

Towns in Kent

Dartford


Edward William Shore (November 23, 1902 – March 16, 1985), also known as Eddie Shore, was a Canadian professional hockey player known for playing defense for the Boston Bruins. He was born in Fort Qu'Appelle, Canada.

Shore played for the Melville Millionaires, Regina Capitals, Edmonton Eskimos, New York Americans, Boston Bruins, Springfeild Indians and the Buffalo Bisons.

1902 births
1985 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey players
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Ice hockey defencemen

Eddie Shore


Hidden Pleasures () is a 1977 drama film, directed by Eloy de la Iglesia. The script was written by de la Iglesia, Rafael Sánchez Campoy and Gonzalo Goicoechea with the working title La acera de enfrente (literally: The other side of the street, which was used as a pejorative expression for "homosexual"), considered too daring for its time, the title was changed upon release. The film stars Simón Andreu, Charo López and Tony Fuentes.

The plot follows a middle-aged, closeted homosexual banker from a wealthy family, who falls in love with a much younger heterosexual man. Los placeres ocultos is notable for being the first extended representation of gay men in Spanish cinema.

Plot
Eduardo, a well off bank manager in his forties, is a sophisticated closeted homosexual. He keeps his sexual life a secret, but he uses his social and economic position to win over young men.

In one of his regular cruising sessions in the University area, Eduardo meets Miguel, an attractive young man from a humble background and falls in love with him. Then Eduardo starts his usual plan to approach men. Through Nes, a gay man who lives in Miguel's neighborhood, Eduardo finds out Miguel's address and offers him a job in the company run by his friend Raul. Raul and Eduardo had a relationship in the past and Raul is still secretly in love with Eduardo. With the excuse of helping him typing a book, Eduardo takes Miguel to his apartment every afternoon. To gain his friendship, Eduardo buys him a motorcycle. However, Miguel is heterosexual. He has a steady girlfriend, Carmen. Miguel is also entangled in a sexual affair with Rosa, an older married neighbor who he visits with excuse of helping her with plumbing problems in her house. When Eduardo tells his fellings to his new friend, Miguel rejects him.

Eduardo returns to his solitary life looking for fleeting pleasures with young men in cruising spots: cinemas, parks and public toilets. He rejects the offer of his friend Raul to be involved in the emerging gay movement. Then, Eduardo's elderly mother becomes terminally ill and in her deathbed, she confesses that she had known he was gay since he was a teenager. She urges him not to be alone.

In one of his adventures cruising in the park, Eduardo meets Nes again. Nes and members of his gang go to Eduardo's apartment to rob him and beat him. When Miguel finds out what had happened, he worries about Eduardo and beats Nes in revenge. As a result, Eduardo and Miguel resume their friendship. This time, they accept each other and Eduardo respects that Miguel is straight. Miguel introduces his girlfriend Carmen to Eduardo and the trio establish a close relationship. For Eduardo, the company of the young couple fills the void of a family life and eases his loneliness.

The close friendship between Eduardo and the couple formed by Miguel and Carmen is abruptly truncated by Rosa's reappearance. Rosa, angry because she was jilted by Miguel, maliciously begin to spread rumors that Miguel is gay. She talks to Carmen's father and, as a consequence, he forbids his daughter to see Miguel again. Miguel becomes very upset with the loss of his girlfriend, blaming his closeness to Eduardo for it. Hurt and enraged, Miguel goes to the bank where Eduardo works and makes a terrible scene, shouting, insulting, and revealing Eduardo's homosexuality to all.

In the last scene Eduardo is alone in his apartment and hears the rings of the doorbell. He looks through the peephole and his face lights up with joy. When the door is ajar the film ends without seeing the visitor.

Cast
 Simón Andreu as Eduardo
 Tony Fuentes as Miguel
 Charo López as Rosa, Miguel's lover
 Beatriz Rossat as Carmen, Miguel's girlfriend
 Antonio Corencia as Raúl, Eduardo's friend
 Germán Cobos as Ignacio, Eduardo's brother
 Ana Farra as Eduardo's mother
 Ángel Pardo as Nes
 Queta Claver as Miguel's mother
 Antonio Iranzo as Carmen's father
 Antonio Gamero as voyeur in park
 Josele Román as Pili, a prostitute
 Carmen Platero as Olga, a prostitute

Reception
With its thematic centered on homosexuality, Los placeres ocultos was highly controversial. Initially banned by the Spanish censors, critics gave the film relatively kind reviews because they opposed the continuing of censorship one year after the death of Francisco Franco. The review in El Pueblo stated that the film treats the "sad problem of homosexuality, but with Little scandal".
On opening night in Madrid, the film was met with massive street demonstrations by gay liberationists, with de la Iglesia recalling that, " It was the first time a Spanish gay group came out in public, with its banners and presenting its demands."

Notes

References
Murray, Raymond. Images in the Dark: An Encyclopedia of Gay and Lesbian Film and Video Guide to the Cinema of Spain. TLA Publications, 1994,
Smith, Paul Julian. Laws of Desire: Questions of Homosexuality in Spanish writing and film 1960- 1990). Oxford Hispanics University Press, 1992,

External links

1977 drama films
1977 LGBT-related films
1977 films
1970s Spanish-language films
Spanish LGBT-related films
Films directed by Eloy de la Iglesia
1970s Spanish films

Hidden Pleasures


A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal. The purpose is to certify the content of metals such as platinum, gold, silver and in some countries, palladium.

In a more general sense, the term 'hallmark' can also be used to refer to any characteristic which signifies (signals) quality. So, in the 19th/20th centuries, marking steel cutlery as "made in Sheffield" was a guarantee of its quality. Historically, hallmarks were applied by a trusted party: the "guardians of the craft" or, more recently, by an assay office. Hallmarks are a guarantee of certain purity or fineness of the metal, as determined by official metal (assay) testing.

Marketing
Gold

Hallmark


Mike Fink (also spelled Miche Phinck) (c. 1770/1780 – c. 1823), called "king of the keelboaters", was a semi-legendary brawler and river boatman who exemplified the tough and hard-drinking men who ran keelboats up and down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.

Historical figure

Mike Fink was born at Fort Pitt in present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and served as an Indian scout in his teenage years. Even as a teenager, he was an unbeatable marksman, and he earned the name "Bangall" among militiamen at Fort Pitt. When the Indian wars of the region ended in the mid 1790s, Fink, like many other scouts, spurned a sedentary life as a farmer. Instead, he drifted into the transport business on the Ohio and Mississippiand quickly picked up a new nickname: "the snapping turtle".

When he began his career in navigation, he became notorious, both for his practical jokes and for his willingness to fight anyone who was not amused.  His 180-pound frame stretched 6'3" in height, and the muscles required to force a keelboat upstream would have made him a formidable opponent to most. It was said that he could drink a gallon of whisky and still shoot the tail off a pig at 90 paces, and Fink himself proclaimed on every possible occasion that he could "out-run, out-hop, out-jump, throw-down, drag out, and lick any man in the country".

He and his friends were supposed to have amused themselves by shooting cups of whiskey from each other's heads.  Other repeating episodes of the Mike Fink legends include a tale where he shoots the scalp lock from the head of an Indian and a story in which he shoots with surgical precision the protruding heel from the foot of an African-American slave. Hauled into court, he pointed out to a judge that his victim would never have been able to wear a fashionable boot if a good Samaritan, namely himself, had not intervened on the man's behalf.

Besides imagined feats making part of the legend of Mike Fink, it may have also been woven from two (or more) men with the same name.  Mike Fink signed up as one of Ashley's Hundred and formed a part of the band that built Fort Henry.  If this man had been the one born at Fort Pitt about 1770, he would have been at least 50 years old.  Such an advanced age in that group of teenage boys would have been remarked on. Hugh Glass, the mountain man who survived a grizzly bear mauling, was called "Old Hugh", for being in his early 40s.  No journal mentions Fink's advanced age, so it may have been a younger Mike Fink who joined the expedition of the Ashley Rocky Mountain Fur Company.

Davy Crockett is supposed to have described him as "half horse and half alligator." Fink wore a red feather in his cap to signal his defeat of every strong man up and down the river.

Henry Howe's Historical Collections of Ohio contained an 1806 (1886?) interview with Capt. John Fink, who said that Mike Fink was a relative.

When I was a lad," John told me, "about ten years of age, our family lived four miles up river from Wheeling, on the river. Mike laid up (landed) his boat near us, though he generally had two boats. This was his last trip, and he went away to the far West; the country there was getting too civilized, and he was disgusted with progress. This was about 1815.

In the management of his business Mike Fink was a rigid disciplinarian; woe to the man who shirked his responsibilities or did not carry his own weightliterally. He always had his woman along with him and would allow no other man to speak with her. She was sometimes a subject for his wonderful skill in marksmanship with the rifle. He would have her hold on the top of her head a tin cup filled with whiskey, which he would put a bullet through. Another of his feats was to have her hold it between her knees, as in a vise, and then shoot.

According to the Miami Valley Historical Society, (specifically, Miami Valley Vignettes by George C. Crout), until 1815, when he moved west. Mike Fink did not operate keel boats on the Ohio but on the Great Miami River from the Ohio River to Fort Loramie, where portage was made to the Maumee River in order to continue going on up to Lake Erie.

If it was indeed he who joined Ashley's Hundred, Fink died in the Rocky Mountains in 1823 during the course of Ashley's expedition. Some say it was a drunken argument over what he always called a chère amiea romantic interest. Timothy Field in 1829 said that in a drunken stupor, when aiming at a mug of beer from the head of his longtime friend, a companion named Carpenter, he shot low; shortly thereafter, his other longtime friend, Talbot, retaliated by killing Fink, using Carpenter's pistol.

In popular culture
The recorded exploits of Mike Fink featured mostly in American broadside ballads, dime novels, and other subliterary texts from before the Civil War era. The first known reference to the character is in an 1821 farce, The Pedlar by Alphonso Wetmore. Here, Fink appears as the stereotypical bully and braggart. He appears frequently in stories involving the Davy Crockett cycle, but Fink lacked Crockett's more admirable traits.

Over time, the unlikeable features of the character came even more to the forefront, and Fink was portrayed increasingly as a bully who got his comeuppance. After the Civil War, the character began to be neglected; the mood of Americans disinclined them to admire a bumptious and violent folk hero. In the early 20th century, there was an attempt to revive his popularity, spearheaded by Colonel Henry Shoemaker, a Pennsylvania folklorist, who collected Mike Fink tales, and saw the character as a local equivalent to Crockett, but Shoemaker's attempt at reviving the character sputtered.

In 1955, Mike Fink (as portrayed by character actor Jeff York) appeared in two episodes of the Davy Crockett miniseries of ABC's Disneyland opposite the popular Davy Crockett (portrayed by Fess Parker). These episodes were later compiled into a feature film entitled Davy Crockett and the River Pirates, released in 1956. Elements of the Fink legend were present in Walt Disney's rendition, but the character was played mostly for laughs as a foil for the infallible Crockett. Keel boats bearing Fink's name, Mike Fink Keel Boats, operated at Disneyland and the Magic Kingdom's Liberty Square until they were quietly retired in the late 1990s, when one unexpectedly capsized and dumped guests and cast members into the river.

In 1958, Zachary Ball, known as an author who wrote adventure stories for boys, wrote a fictional account of the early life of Mike Fink entitled Young Mike Fink. Similar to Disney's portrayal of Fink, Ball's title character is good natured and helpful despite his sometimes hooligan and contrary temperament.

Mike Fink also appears in Eudora Welty's parodic fairy-tale The Robber Bridegroom.

In Orson Scott Card's The Tales of Alvin Maker, an alternate version of Mike Fink appears in every novel after the first. Unlike other significant characters, he has no magical knack, but, prior to meeting Alvin, he was made invincible by means of a tattoo given to him at birth (similar to Achilles). In the books, his invulnerability is what made him a bully; having no conception of pain, he could not appreciate the effects of his actions (Prentice Alvin). In Alvin Journeyman, he resurfaces, grateful to Alvin for both sparing his life and teaching him the folly of his previous life of violence.

Mike Fink is played by Forrest Tucker in the 1977 made for TV film The Incredible Rocky Mountain Race, in which Fink is pitted in a rivalry against Mississippi riverboater and future author Mark Twain in a cross-country scavenger hunt, although the real-life Twain was born twelve years after Fink's death. Much of the story and its humor is culled from Twain's various works.

In 1998, children's author Steven Kellogg, wrote a book entitled Mike Fink: A Tall Tale. As in his other books, Kellogg's account of Fink incorporates tall tales with vivid illustrations – highlighting the main character's positive side.

Mike Fink is a prime character in the 2007 young-adult historical novel Mississippi Jack by Louis A. Meyer. In it, Fink is outwitted by the main character of the book series. He is portrayed as a large, hairy, loud man who constantly boasts about his many feats in life. He is first met while traveling down the Allegheny River and is later seen in Pittsburgh, where he is put in jail for fighting.

On the Ohio River in Cincinnati, OH and Covington, KY, a riverboat restaurant called Mike Fink's was a popular attraction for over 40 years. It specialized in fresh seafood and had a large raw bar in the center of the boat. It closed in 2008 and was moved in 2014 to Newport, KY, with the hope it would be renovated and reopened.  However, the boat ended up as a shop barge in 2019.

Mike Fink also appears in Fate/Grand Order as an enemy.

There are some tall tales that mention he had a daughter named Sal Fink, who was said to be equally daring and known for her holler.

See also
 Tall tales
 Keelboats

References

External links

Mike Fink Tales and Stories

1770 births
1823 deaths
American folklore
American sailors
Folklore of the Southern United States
Mississippi River
Mountain men
People from Pittsburgh
People of the American Old West
Tall tales

Mike Fink


The Review of Reviews was a noted family of monthly journals founded in 1890–1893 by British reform journalist William Thomas Stead (1849–1912). Established across three continents in London (1891), New York (1892) and Melbourne (1893), the Review of Reviews, American Review of Reviews and Australasian Review of Reviews represented Stead's dream of a global publishing empire.

Founder, W.T. Stead
Stead was a career journalist who was drawn into reform politics in the 1880s, crusading through for such causes as British-Russian friendship, the reform of England's criminal codes, and the maintenance of international peace. He was most famous in Britain for having passed, almost single-handedly, the first child-protection law by investigating and reporting child vice and white slavery in a series of articles titled the "Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon", published in the Pall Mall Gazette in July 1885.

As a result, the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 raised the consent age for girls from thirteen to sixteen, similar to "statutory rape" laws in the United States. As editor of the London Pall Mall Gazette (1883–1889), Stead caused newspapers to appear the way they are today. He introduced cross-heads (section titles) and signed articles, popularized interviews, and started illustrations and indexing. An advanced feminist, he was the first London editor to pay women equally with men.

He authored many books, including The Truth about Russia (1888), If Christ Came to Chicago (1893), and The Americanization of the World (1902). His essay "How the Mail Steamer Went Down in Mid Atlantic" (1886) is considered his first prediction of the sinking of the RMS Titanic; his novel From the Old World to the New (1892) was the second prediction. Stead himself died in the sinking of the Titanic in 1912.

The Review of Reviews

The Review of Reviews was started in January 1890 by W.T. Stead and Tit-Bits proprietor Sir George Newnes. It was originally to be called the Six Penny Monthly and Review of Reviews, but this was changed at the last minute. According to Stead, it was "the maddest thing" he had yet done, on account that the venture had been decided on only a month before.

The Review mirrored Stead's own over-active imagination and was written almost exclusively by him. Along with the dozens of magazine and book reviews it contained, it also included a running commentary of world events, entitled "The Progress of the World", and a character sketch of a current "celebrity". The first issue was an instant success, and opened with numerous facsimiled welcome messages which Stead had courted from various dignitaries of the time. However, Stead's relationship with Newnes came under strain when the latter strongly objected to Stead's scathing character sketch of The Times newspaper (eventually published in March).

Perhaps seeing this discord as a sign of things to come, Newnes severed ties, exclaiming that the whole venture was "turning his hair grey". After buying out Newnes's share, Stead shaped the Review after his own image. With article titles such as "Baby-killing as an Investment" and "Ought Mrs. Maybrick to be Tortured to Death?", Stead showed he had lost none of the sledge hammer force of his journalistic days. He also involved the Review in social work, setting up the "Association of Helpers" and even an adoption agency called "The Baby Exchange".

Stead was an early supporter and speaker of the language Esperanto and devoted one page to its promulgation in every issue.

In 1891–92, Stead founded the equally successful American and Australian editions of the Review, and, in London, he added to his success with other literary triumphs, such as book series The Penny Poets, Popular Penny Novels and Books for the Bairns, all published under the Review'''s auspices. However, in spite of such apparent successes, without the business-like Newnes to guide him, Stead frequently drove the Review to death's door, despite the best efforts of his business manager, Edwin H. Stout.

This was particularly the case during the Boer War (1899–1902), when his pro-Boer stance caused sales to slump to critical levels. Stead's attempt to recoup his losses, with the launch of the ill-fated The Daily Paper, was a complete failure and, almost bankrupt, he suffered a nervous breakdown. The Review somehow limped on, buoyed up by a narrow but devoted subscription base. But, following the loss of Stead in the Titanic disaster, it lost much of its force and, in c. 1917, was sold for just £25,000. It was eventually merged with World magazine and renamed the World Review in 1940. One of its latter editors was Lovat Dickson.

The American Review of Reviews

The American Review of Reviews was edited by the American academic, journalist, and reformer, Albert Shaw.

Published from New York, The American Review of Reviews ran simultaneously alongside its British counterpart. As such, it represented the views and concerns of participants in the trans-Atlantic culture of progressive reform so brilliantly discussed in Daniel T. Rodgers's Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age (1998).

Shaw was part of the first generation of academic reformers, which included Woodrow Wilson (who was his classmate at Johns Hopkins University). Born in Ohio, Shaw studied at Grinnell College and received his doctorate in government at Johns Hopkins in 1884. Declining an appointment at Cornell, Shaw became editor of the Minneapolis Tribune and a widely published author of books on municipal reform.

The American Review of Reviews is one of the best primary sources on American reform between 1890 and 1920, providing not only a panoramic view of the range of reformers' interests, but also the ties between British and American progressives. By volume 3, however, its style had departed significantly from that of its British cousin.

The American Review of Reviews ran until 1937, when it merged into The Literary Digest.

See also
1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
The BookmanHarper's MagazineMcClure's MagazineMunsey's MagazineThe Outlook
World's Work Magazine

 References

Further readingW.T. Stead & the Review of Reviews'' at the W. T. Stead Resource Site website

Political magazines published in the United Kingdom
Defunct literary magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines established in 1890
Magazines disestablished in 1937
News magazines published in the United States
Defunct political magazines published in the United States
Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
Literary magazines published in Australia
Defunct magazines published in Australia
Magazines published in London
Magazines published in New York City
Magazines published in Melbourne

Review of Reviews


In the teachings of Rabbi Isaac Luria, it is said that there are many Liliths. Manasseh Matlub Sithon said "many Liliths and demons are abroad, and go up and down."

The greatest of these is the wife of Adam Qadmon, a being that God used as an avatar to create the Universe in all its ten or more dimensions, hence a multiverse.

Another, more demonic Lilith, known as the woman of whoredom, is found in the Zohar book 1:5a. She is Samael (Satan)'s feminine counterpart.

The Lilith that most are familiar with is the wife of Adam in the Alphabet of Ben Sira (8th to 10th centuries CE), known as Adam haRishon, "the first man", among kabbalists.

There are  mixed views of Lilith in the Zohar. In one account she is Samael's counterpart and a mother of demons. In another she is seen seducing the fallen angels as Naamah; the angels Azza and Azazael after they challenge the Shekhinah (the feminine dwelling presence of God) over the creation of man. This is alluded in the Zohar book 1 :19a-b, 23a-b, 27a-b respectively. When Lilith and Naamah (another aspect of Lilith) were with Adam in his 130-year separation from Eve after the fall, they had daughters born from their union. These were the nashiym, the liliyot(F), the liloth spirits who were the ones who seduced the Watchers. These daughters along with Lilith and Naamah are restored to Adam through the Wisdom of Solomon, the aspect of the Shekhinah, (referred to as the two prostitutes and the Nashiym in chapters 4 and 5 in the Zohar the Book of Concealment the Sifri D Tsri-nita).

According to the translation of Rabbi Isaac Luria, Isaiah 34:14-15 means "The wild-cat shall meet with the jackals And the satyr shall cry to his fellow, Yea, Lilith shall repose there And find her a place of rest." From these passages rabbi Isaac Luria believed that Lilith was to be restored to Adam through the marriage of Leah to Jacob — Jacob was Adam, Leah was Lilith, and Rachel was Eve.
It must be understood this one of many interpretations concerning the Zohar and of Lilith.

See also
 Lilith
 Lurianic Kabbalah

References

Isaac Luria
Kabbalah
Kabbalistic words and phrases
Female legendary creatures
Lilith

Lilith (Lurianic Kabbalah)


Terry Atkinson (born 1939) is an English artist.

Atkinson was born in Thurnscoe, near Barnsley, Yorkshire.  He lives in Leamington Spa, England with his wife, artist Sue Atkinson, with whom he has frequently collaborated. In 1967, he began to teach art at the Coventry School of Art while producing conceptual works, sometimes in collaboration with Michael Baldwin. In 1968 they, together with Harold Hurrell and David Bainbridge who also taught at Coventry, formed Art & Language, a group whose influence on other artists both in the UK and in the United States is widely acknowledged. Atkinson was founder-member (with colleagues John Bowstead, Roger Jeffs and Bernard Jennings) of the group Fine-Artz (1963), and (with David Bainbridge, Michael Baldwin and Harold Hurrell) of the group Art & Language (1968–74), two of the most influential collectives in contemporary Western art.

Atkinson stopped teaching at Coventry in 1973 and the following year left Art & Language. He has since exhibited under his own name, including at the 1984 Venice Biennale.

In 1985 he was nominated for the Turner Prize and exhibited a series of paintings, including The Stone Touchers I.

"Whilst Conceptualism had been international in orientation, his 1980s output, which dealt with subjects such as class identity and English attitudes to Northern Ireland, seemed to represent a deliberate return to 'local' issues." (Caption, p. 221); "Having parted company with the British Art & Language group in the early 1970s, Terry Atkinson had, by the mid-1970s, moved away from their stringent Conceptualism to explore his working-class heritage in a set of 'history paintings'. In his First World War series (c.1974-81) he reinterpreted photographs of troops taken during the Great War, using a strategically 'botched' drawing style and satirical captions. He thereby encoded a critique of the way working-class labor was mobilized for capitalist warfare. By 1984-5 such explorations of ideological undercurrents were brought to bear on family photographs. The Stone Touchers I (1984-5) incorporates an ironically diligent 'copy' of a photograph of Atkinson's children taken during a holiday in northern France. Intrigued by the rows of war graves, they are shown flanking a stone dedicated, according to the 'key' beneath the image [shown in Hopkins, p.220], to a South African infantryman. In a mock-poetic caption Atkinson asks them: 'Do you think God is a person? If he is, is he a he? If he is, is he black or white… is he a South African, or an Argentinian …?' Britain's faded imperialism had recently been rekindled by the Falklands War, and South African apartheid was a pressing issue. Atkinson thus presented his suntanned children as inextricably (if unknowingly) implicated in such events." (Excerpt, pp. 219, 221); The full "mock-poetic caption" to this painting, as indicated on p. 220 of Hopkins, reads: "Ruby and Amber in The Gardens of their old Empire history-dressed men. Dear Ruby and Amber, Do you think God is a person? If he is, is he a he? If he is, is he black or white, or brown or yellow, or pink or orange or blue or red, or green or purple….? Do you think God is a dissident? Or is he a South African, Or an Argentinian, or an Anglo-Saxon, etc.? Do you think he's the best knower? If he is a she do you think all the he's would admit she's the best knower?"

Hopkins, David. After Modern Art: 1945-2000. Oxford History of Art. Oxford; New York: Oxford UP, 2000. (p. 220)

Atkinson's work is held in many collections, including the Tate Gallery.

Atkinson taught Fine Art at the University of Leeds.

References

External links
Information from Château de Montsoreau-Museum of contemporary
information from Tate Britain website
 Terry Atkinson in Artfacts.Net
 Art & Language in Artfacts.Net

1939 births
Living people
British conceptual artists
People from Thurnscoe
English contemporary artists
Art & Language

Terry Atkinson


Tiruvallur is a suburb city of Chennai and Grade I municipality in Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of Cooum River about  northwest of Chennai (Madras), the capital city of Tamil Nadu and located near  Tiruvallur district.It is well known because of the Veera Raghavar temple  which is one of the 108 sacred shrines of Vaishnavites. There is a pond nearby this temple, where the tank festival is held.The neighborhood is served by Tiruvallur railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. As of 2011, the town had a population of 56,074.It is one of the fast developing suburban areas in Chennai.

reference

Tiruvallur district

Tiruvallur


The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, often referred to as the Beijing Rules, is a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly regarding the treatment of juvenile prisoners and offenders in member nations.

History
In September 1980, the United Nations held its Sixth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders in Caracas, Venezuela. The UN had previously declared 1980 the "Year of the Child".

Dahn Batchelor, who holds a certificate in criminology and participant at that Congress, presented a paper about the need for a bill of rights for young offenders. The United States delegation supported the paper. Much drafting of the policy took place at a conference in Beijing, China. It was originally proposed as a Bill of Rights for Young Offenders, but was eventually renamed the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules on the Administration of Juvenile Justice.

The proposed draft was then discussed at length at the United Nations Seventh Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders in Milan, Italy, in September 1985.

It was adopted on 29 November 1985 by the United Nations General Assembly.

See also
United Nations Standard Minimum Rules
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Defense of infancy

External links
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice

Juvenile law
United Nations General Assembly resolutions
1985 in the United Nations


On 21 July 2012, police shot and killed a man, Manuel Diaz, in the Anna Drive neighborhood in Anaheim, California, United States. A riot happened for a few nights.

Background
Anna Drive is a poor neighborhood. It is known for having many criminals, including drug dealers. Manuel Diaz was one of them. He and some of his friends were gathering in an alley and threw heroin on a roof. Police came and chased him through the ghetto. Then they shot him in the buttocks and head. He later died at the hospital.

Riots
People started getting angry. They came to Anna Drive and started protesting. Soon most of east Anaheim was fighting police. Trash cans were burnt while people went crazy and broke shop windows. The fourth night was the most violent. Police had to shoot people with fake bullets. Two reporters were hurt.

Response
The mayor had the FBI look at the shooting carefully. Another man, Joel Acevedo, was shot the next day and died too, making it the sixth deadly police shooting in one year. The events also highlighted the divide between the poor west and central parts of Anaheim, where more than half of the population is Hispanic, and the east, where most of the police come from.

2012 crimes in the United States
2012 in California
2010s riots
2010s crimes in California
2012 riots
July 2012 events
Riots in the United States

2012 Anaheim riots


The Wake are a British post-punk, synth-pop and later indie pop band, formed in Glasgow in 1981 by Gerard "Caesar" McInulty (formerly of Altered Images), Steven Allen (drums) and Joe Donnelly (bass), the latter replaced by Bobby Gillespie. Steven's sister Carolyn Allen also joined on keyboards, and remained in the band thereafter. Gillespie left the band in 1983, replaced by Martin Cunning and then by Alexander 'Mac' Macpherson.

History
The Wake released their first single on their own Scan 45 label, coupling together "On Our Honeymoon" and "Give Up". This single eventually caught the attention of New Order manager Rob Gretton, who helped the band sign to Factory Records in 1982 and record an LP (Harmony) at Strawberry Studios in Stockport. This was followed by a number of singles on Factory and its Belgian sister label Factory Benelux. In 1983, The Wake toured with New Order, and thus received critical attention but were often unfavourably compared to their more celebrated labelmates.  Gillespie was asked to leave in 1983, subsequently playing drums with The Jesus and Mary Chain and achieving fame with his own band Primal Scream.  After a short-lived stint with McInulty's ex-classmate Martin Cunning on bass, Alexander 'Mac' Macpherson permanently replaced Gillespie. That same year the band recorded a session on John Peel's BBC Radio 1 programme and David 'Kid' Jensen's BBC radio 1 show. The band toured extensively and scored an indie hit with their 1984 single "Talk About The Past" which featured Vini Reilly of Durutti Column on piano. The recording and release of their seminal 1985 album Here Comes Everybody marked the apex of their career. Further releases were few and far between: one more single "Of The Matter" emerged in 1985 before their last release for Factory, a 4-track EP entitled "Something That No One Else Could Bring" finally appeared in 1987.

In 1988, disillusioned with the lack of proper promotion and indeed apathy from Factory Records, The Wake left the label and signed to Bristol's legendary Sarah Records, releasing two singles and two LPs, the last being 1994's Tidal Wave of Hype.  By this point, once again down to a three piece featuring McInulty, Allen and Allen, they also shared personnel with another Glasgow-based band on Sarah, The Orchids, with whom they had also played a few live gigs.  When Sarah shut down in 1995, The Wake effectively dissolved.

For a few years, McInulty concentrated on other activities outside of recording music – notably writing scripts for plays that featured Allen in an acting role. McInulty and Allen eventually took up writing music again, and after a few tentative demos for possible new material later hooked up with Bobby Wratten (The Field Mice/Northern Picture Library/Trembling Blue Stars) under the name The Occasional Keepers. They released the albums "The Beauty of an Empty Vessel" and "True North" on LTM Recordings, which also incidentally reissued the entire Wake, Field Mice and Orchids back catalogues on remastered CDs containing all the original albums and single/EP cuts collected together.

Recent developments
In autumn 2009, The Wake (McInulty and Allen) came together once again to record a new album, "A Light Far Out", the recording of which took time to complete. On 12 December 2009 the group performed live with other Factory labelmates such as Section 25 and A Certain Ratio, at the Plan K venue in Brussels.

On 28 February 2010, the band performed a 45-minute set at the London Popfest at the Islington venue, the Lexington. They were a last-minute replacement for another band who had dropped out. The set included early tracks such as "Testament", "The Old Men" and "Favour", as well as "O Pamela" and "Here Comes Everybody", from their Factory Records period, plus later Sarah Records recordings. Since then the group have also performed in New York and Paris.

In December 2011, the band revealed in an interview with Jacob Graham of The Drums that the new album "A Light Far Out" was set for release in early 2012.

The album "A Light Far Out" was released on CD in April 2012 on LTM Records, containing 7 vocal tracks and 1 instrumental, "Faintness". The group marked Record Store Day in 2013 with a vinyl release of the album on the revived Factory Benelux imprint, and in July 2013 performed at the Indietracks Festival.

Further reissues of their first two Factory albums came in 2013 - with a double vinyl edition of "Harmony" which coupled the original album with the 12" single "Something Outside" plus three radio session tracks. This was released by Factory Benelux. Their second album "Here Comes Everybody" was then reissued in a special commemorative Record Store Day-only format, by US label Captured Tracks, comprising a hardback slipcase containing the original album plus a bonus album of singles and EP tracks that were issued between 1983 and 1987, together with an exclusive pamphlet/lithograph containing a band interview.

Autumn 2014 saw the first ever definitive compilation of The Wake's previously released material, titled "Testament - Best Of" and released by Factory Benelux in vinyl and CD formats. The vinyl format featured a slightly abbreviated track listing to the CD, but also came with a special bonus CD composed wholly of previously unreleased demos and live cuts. The regular CD itself featured 14 tracks culled from various singles and albums, plus one bonus, exclusive new track (an outtake from their 2012 album "A Light Far Out") entitled "Clouds Disco".

This exclusive CD track was then later issued as a 7" vinyl single to mark 2015's Record Store Day.

In late 2015 both Sarah Records albums by The Wake were reissued as remastered CDs, now expanded to include all tracks from the singles Crush the Flowers and Major John.

Discography
Chart placings shown are from the UK Indie Chart.

Albums
 Harmony (Factory, 1982)
 Here Comes Everybody (Factory, 1985) (No.20)
 Make It Loud (Sarah, 1990)
 Tidal Wave of Hype (Sarah, 1994)
 Assembly (live, LTM, 2002)
 Holy Heads (compilation of the two Sarah albums, LTM, 2002)
 A Light Far Out (LTM, 2012)
 limited vinyl edition on Factory Benelux (FBN-64), April 2013
 Harmony (double vinyl reissue - second disc includes 'Something Outside' 12" A+B sides plus session tracks) (Factory Benelux) 2013
 Here Comes Everybody (very limited Record Store Day double vinyl edition - compilation of the album plus 1983-1987 singles/EP tracks in special hardback slipcase packaging with pamphlet and extras) (Captured Tracks) 2013
 Testament - Best Of (compilation of singles and album tracks 1982-2012) (Factory Benelux) 2014

As the Occasional Keepers
 The Beauty of an Empty Vessel (LTM, 2005)
 True North (LTM, 2008)

Singles and EPs
 "On Our Honeymoon" (7" SCAN, 1982)
 "Something Outside" / "Host" (12" Factory Benelux, 1983) (No.23)
 "Talk About the Past" (7"/12" Factory, 1984) (No.11)
 "Of the Matter" (7" Factory, 1985) (No.22)
 Something That No One Else Could Bring EP (12" Factory, 1987)
 "Crush the Flowers" / "Carbrain"  (7" Sarah, 1989)
 "Major John" / "Lousy Pop Group"  (7" Sarah, 1991)
 "Clouds Disco" [limited edition Record Store Day release] (7" Factory Benelux, 2015)

Covers
 The covers for the single "Something Outside" and the album "Here Comes Everybody" were adapted respectively from "Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge" and "Schaumachinerie" (a poster for the opera Victory over the Sun) works by El Lissitzky.
 A cover version of The Wake song "O Pamela" appears on the Nouvelle Vague album, Bande à Part.
 A cover version of The Wake song "Talk About the Past" appears on Blouse & Craft Spells "Gruesome Flowers 2: A Tribute to The Wake" 7" vinyl

References

External links
 The Wake biography at LTM
 The Wake discography (The Crepuscule and Factory Pages) (unavailable)

Musical groups established in 1981
Musical groups from Glasgow
Sarah Records artists
Scottish post-punk music groups
Factory Records artists
Scottish new wave musical groups
Factory Benelux artists

The Wake (UK band)


Cleveland Tower is a bell tower containing a carillon on the campus of Princeton University. Inspired by Boston College's Gasson Hall, the design by Ralph Adams Cram is one of the defining Collegiate Gothic architectural features of the university's Graduate College. The tower was built in 1913 as a memorial to former university trustee and  U.S. President Grover Cleveland. A bust of the former president is the centerpiece of the grand chamber at the tower's ground level.

Class of 1892 Bells

The tower's carillon is a gift of the class of 1892, which presented the bells as their 35th reunion dedication to the university in 1927. The English foundry Gillett & Johnston cast the original 35 bells. A plaque near the tower's entrance reads:
The Class of Eighteen Ninety Two presents the carillon in this tower to Princeton University with love and gratitude and the hope that its bells may ever inspire coming generations of Princeton men to maintain the traditions of their alma mater in the service of God and of their country

Originally dedicated on June 17, 1927, the bells were rededicated after decades of varying use and maintenance on June 13, 1993. The Class of 1892 Bells are now one of the largest carillons in the world with 67 bells and a bourdon (G) weighing . The Chapel Music Program maintains the carillon program with assistance from an endowment by the class of 1892. The bells play Sunday afternoons by university carillonneur Lisa Lonie, and weekday evenings by students, except during exam periods. The summer programs include performances by international guests. A carillon practice room is also housed in the Graduate College basement.

Lisa J. Lonie, University Carillonneur, is the only fourth carillonneur in the instrument's +80 year history and the first female to hold the position.

See also
 American Collegiate Gothic towers:
 Gasson Hall, Boston College
 Harkness Tower, Yale University
 Duke Chapel, Duke University
 Trinity College Chapel, Hartford
 List of carillons in the United States

References

External links

Carillons
Towers completed in 1913
Princeton University buildings
1913 establishments in New Jersey

Cleveland Tower


The Fußball-Club Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04, commonly known as FC Schalke 04, is a successful and popular German football  club.

It plays in Gelsenkirchen. With more than 80.313 members (15. Dezember 2009) at present it is the second largest Sportsclub of Germany and has departments for football, basketball, table tennis, handball and athletics. Since August 2001 the association plays its home plays in the Veltins arena (to 30 June 2005 Veltins Arena), one of the most modern stages of the world. In the coat of arms a white G is to be recognized, which stands for Gelsenkrichen.

There exists a great rivalry between Schalke 04 and Borussia Dortmund. The reason is the honorable competition of these clubs which live in neighborhood. Since the first match in 1925 there have been 135 matches. Schalke won 55 of them, Dortmund won 45 and 35 ended in a draw. In the 2009–10 Bundesliga season Schalke won both matches.

Football
The football team is playing their home plays in the Veltins Arena. 61,673 people can visit the stadium for football matches in national, or 54,442 in internation competitions. During other events as for example concerts or opera plays 79,296 people can take place in the stadium. Its was also one of the 12 venues for the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany and the final of the 2003–04 UEFA Champions League between FC Porto and AS Monaco has been played there.

The players in the season 2021-22

Squad

Coach
The current coach (and Manager) of Schalke 04 is Dimitrios Grammozis.

Success

International
 UEFA-Cup-Sieger
o 1997 (1:0 und 0:1 (4:1 i.E.) gegen Inter Mailand)
 UI-Cup-Sieger 2003, 2004

Championship
 German champion (seven times):
o 1934 (2:1 vs 1. FC Nürnberg)
o 1935 (6:4 vs VfB Stuttgart)
o 1937 (2:0 vs 1. FC Nürnberg)
o 1939 (9:0 vs Admira Wien)
o 1940 (1:0 vs Dresdner SC)
o 1942 (2:0 vs Vienna Wien)
o 1958 (3:0 vs Hamburger SV)
o Schalke was eight times runner-up

DFB-Cup
 DFB-Pokalsieger:
o 1937 (2:1 vs Fortuna Düsseldorf)
o 1972 (5:0 vs 1. FC Kaiserslautern)
o 2001 (2:0 vs 1. FC Union Berlin)
o 2002 (4:2 vs Bayer 04 Leverkusen)
o 2011 (5:0 vs MSV Duisburg)
 DFL-Ligapokalsieger 2005

References

Other websites
 Official site of Schalke 04
 Official site of Schalke's Veltins Arena

Gelsenkirchen
Fußball-Bundesliga
German football clubs
Sport in North Rhine-Westphalia
1904 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in Germany

FC Schalke 04