Mānoa (subtitled A Pacific Journal of International Writing) is a literary journal that includes American and international fiction, poetry, artwork, interviews, and essays, including memoirs. A notable feature of each issue is original translations of contemporary work from Asian and Pacific nations, selected for each issue by a special guest editor. Mānoa, meaning 'vast and deep' in the Hawaiian language, presents both traditional and contemporary writings from the entire Pacific Rim. Mānoa is published semiannually by the University of Hawaii Press and was established in 1989.

Each issue also bears an ISBN and is marketed as a book in its own right.

Editors
The journal was established by Robert Shapard and Frank Stewart (poet) (University of Hawaii). The inaugural volume, a double issue, appeared in 1989. Shapard served as principal editor and Stewart as associate editor for the first three issues, both coedited the next three, and then Stewart became principal editor in 1995.

Content

Volumes have featured work from such places as the People's Republic of China, Tibet, Nepal, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Okinawa, Viet Nam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Australia, French Polynesia, the Pacific Islands, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, as well as Canada, Mexico, Pacific South America, Russian Far East, and Cascadia.

Works in the journal have been recognized by the editors of such anthologies as Best American Short Stories, Best American Poetry, Best American Essays, Prize Stories: The O. Henry Awards, and Pushcart Prize.

The journal's first electronic edition appeared in 2000 on Project MUSE. Back issues of the journal became available in the JSTOR digital archive in November 2008.

See also
 List of literary magazines

External links

 Manoa on publisher's homepage
 Manoa on Project MUSE

1989 establishments in Hawaii
Asian-American literature
Asian-American magazines
Biannual magazines published in the United States
English-language magazines
Literary magazines published in the United States
Literary translation magazines
Magazines established in 1989
Magazines published in Hawaii
Mass media in Honolulu
University of Hawaiʻi Press academic journals

Mānoa (journal)


The first HMS Valorous was a sixth-rate  sloop of the Royal Navy.  She was rated as "18 guns" but carried twenty (or twenty-two) 24-pounder carronades.

She was built in Hull as one of a class of three (the others being Dauntless and Combatant) and launched in 1804.  Designed by John Staniforth MP, they were flush-decked, shallow draught and (for their dimensions) heavily armed.  Rated as a sloop, she had a design based on the Danish Praam (English 'Pram'), allowing the combination of heavy armament with a draught of only 11 feet.  Her design may well have been influenced by the flush-decked, shallow draught vessels of Napoleon's invasion fleet, although Valorous and her sisters were significantly larger.

Valorous entered service in 1805, with the anti-invasion flotillas stationed in The Downs.  In the spring of 1807 she and her sisters were ordered to the Baltic where their characteristics would be of value as convoy escorts and particularly in support of operations ashore.  She became an Army depot ship in 1810 (possibly 1816?) and was sold on 7 May 1817.

Citations

References

Sloops of the Royal Navy
1804 ships

HMS Valorous (1804)


Lightworkers Media is an American Christian media and film production company helmed by President Roma Downey and her husband Mark Burnett and owned by Amazon MGM Studios through MGM Television.

LightWorkers Media produced the Emmy-nominated The Bible on the History channel as well as A.D. The Bible Continues on NBC, The Dovekeepers on CBS (based on the novel by Alice Hoffman), Women of the Bible on Lifetime, and Answered Prayers on TLC. They also produced the feature films Ben-Hur, Son of God, Little Boy, Woodlawn and On a Wing and a Prayer.

History
Lightworkers Media was formed by Mark Burnett and Roma Downey with a partial stake held by Hearst Corporation, which owned a stake in Burnett's One Three Media. One of its first productions was The Bible for History, premiered in early 2013.

On September 22, 2014, MGM acquired a 55% stake in Lightworkers Media and One Three Media and consolidated the two companies into MGM's new TV production unit, United Artists Media Group, with Burnett as CEO. On December 14, 2015, MGM announced that it had acquired the remaining stakes in UAMG in a stock and cash deal, and that Burnett would become the new CEO of MGM Television, replacing the outgoing president Roma Khanna.

With MGM purchasing out of Hearst and Burnett and Downey's shares in UAMG, a channel in the works was still a planned streaming service. However, Hearst and Burnett and Downey retained their stakes in the channel. MGM announced the formation of Light TV on November 16, 2016, with a launch planned for December on thirteen Fox TV stations.

The Bible

The series is the first project together from husband and wife producing team Mark Burnett and Roma Downey. In addition to Burnett and Downey, executive producers include Richard Bedser and History's Dirk Hoogstra and Julian P. Hobbs. The first episode of the mini-series was seen by 13.1 million viewers, the largest cable television audience of 2013 to date. The finale delivered 11.7 million total viewers.

The Bible shattered sales records in its first week of home video release, selling 525,000 units to become the top-selling TV miniseries of all time.  In total, with subsequent airings, 'The Bible' has been seen by more than 95 million viewers.

References

External links

Television production companies of the United States
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer subsidiaries
Entertainment companies based in California
Entertainment companies established in 2009
Christian film production companies
Christian mass media companies
Mass media companies established in 2009
Companies based in Los Angeles
Amazon MGM Studios

Lightworkers Media


David Jay Pecker (born September 24, 1951) is an American publishing executive and businessman, who was the CEO of American Media until August 2020. He was the publisher of Men's Fitness, Muscle and Fitness, Flex, Fit Pregnancy, Shape and Star. He was also the publisher of National Enquirer, Sun, Weekly World News, and Globe.

In 2018, Pecker became embroiled in controversy regarding his involvement in a catch and kill operation to buy exclusive rights to stories that might embarrass his friend Donald Trump, to prevent the stories from becoming public during the latter's 2016 presidential campaign.

Early life
Pecker was born on September 24, 1951, in The Bronx, New York City. He is of Jewish descent. His father was a bricklayer who died in 1967 when Pecker was 16. To support his mother, he started bookkeeping for local businesses in New Rochelle, New York and in the Bronx. He graduated from Pace University.

Career
After college, Pecker began his career as an accountant at Price Waterhouse and in 1979 joined the accounting department at CBS's magazine division, rising to vice president and comptroller. Eight years later, CBS sold its magazine division in a leveraged buyout to its manager, Peter Diamandis; Pecker stayed on in his position . Diamandis later sold the magazines to Hachette Filipacchi Médias. After Diamandis's departure three years later, Pecker was appointed CEO at Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S. In 1999, Pecker left Hachette when he raised capital from Thomas H. Lee Partners and Evercore Partners to buy American Media, Inc. (AMI), publisher of the Star, the Globe, the National Enquirer, and the Weekly World News.

During his time as chairman and chief executive officer of AMI Pecker served as publisher of the magazines Men's Fitness, Muscle and Fitness, Flex, Fit Pregnancy, Shape and Star, as well as the supermarket tabloids National Enquirer, Star, Sun, Weekly World News, Globe. Sun and Weekly World News have ceased publication. In 2019, Pecker announced that he had agreed drop more of AMI's tabloids and sell the National Enquirer, Globe and National Examiner to Hudson News.

Pecker serves on the board of directors of iPayment Holdings, Inc., Sunbeam Products, Inc. and Next Generation Network, Inc. In August 2018, after his interactions with President Donald Trump were heavily reported, Pecker resigned as a director of Postmedia Network Canada Corp., a leading Canadian media company, a position he had held since October 2016.

In 2016, Pecker revealed to the Toronto Star that American Media Inc. now relied on support from Chatham Asset Management and its owner Anthony Melchiorre due to financial troubles. By the time Pecker agreed to sell the National Enquirer on April 10, 2019, Chatham Asset Management owned 80 percent of American Media Inc's stock. Melchiorre, who expressed dismay towards the National Enquirer's scandals involving assistance to Trump's 2016 Presidential campaign and blackmail of Jeff Bezos, was also instrumental in forcing Pecker and American Media Inc. to sell the National Enquirer as well.

AMI removed Pecker as CEO in August 2020, keeping him on in the role of executive advisor. Simultaneously, the company was renamed a360Media in anticipation of a merger with another Chatham property, the logistics firm Accelerate 360.

Involvement with Donald Trump

Beginning in March 1998, Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., of which Pecker was then CEO, began producing Trump Style, which was distributed to guests at Donald Trump's properties. Pecker has described himself as a close friend of Trump. Pecker supported Trump's initial run for president as part of the Reform Party in 2000.

In an August 2014 meeting at Trump Tower, Pecker offered to Trump that he would use the National Enquirer to catch and kill any allegations of sexual affairs against him.

Trump's lawyer Michael Cohen requested that Pecker's AMI buy the rights to Stormy Daniels's story, though Pecker refused to do so.

By 2018, Pecker and AMI found themselves under investigation for using catch and kill payments, in which AMI purchased the exclusive rights to stories that might have been damaging to Trump's 2016 campaign for President and then refused to publish them. Such a tactic may have represented illegal and/or undeclared "in-kind" campaign donations under Federal Election Commission rules.

In March 2018, Karen McDougal filed a lawsuit against American Media in Los Angeles Superior Court, aiming to invalidate the non-disclosure agreement preventing her from speaking about an alleged affair with Trump. Pecker had directed AMI to purchase the exclusive rights to the story for $150,000 in 2016, allegedly to keep it from the public. In April 2018 the lawsuit was settled and McDougal was released from the agreement. AMI also agreed to feature her on the cover of another AMI magazine, Men's Journal, in September 2018.

In April 2018, FBI agents searched the office and residences of Michael Cohen, in part to search for evidence of Trump's involvement in the payment to McDougal. In July 2018, a tape became public which confirmed this payment; the tape was secretly recorded by Cohen during a conversation with then candidate Trump in 2016.

In late 2015, AMI paid $30,000 to Dino Sajudin, a doorman at Trump Tower, to obtain the rights to his story in which he alleged Trump had an affair in the 1980s that resulted in the birth of a child. Sajudin in April 2018 identified the woman as Trump's former housekeeper. AMI reporters were given the names of the woman and the alleged child, while Sajudin passed a lie detector test when testifying that he had heard the story from others. Shortly after the payment was made, Pecker ordered the reporters to drop the story. In April 2018, AMI chief content officer Dylan Howard denied the story was "spiked" in a catch and kill operation, insisting that AMI did not run the story because Sajudin's story lacked credibility. CNN obtained a copy of the contract between AMI and Sajudin in August 2018, after AMI had released Sajudin from the contract. CNN published excerpts of the contract, which instructed Sajudin to provide "information regarding Donald Trump's illegitimate child", but did not contain further specifics of Sajudin's story.

Federal investigators subpoenaed Pecker and AMI in April 2018, with Pecker providing prosecutors details about the hush payments Cohen had arranged. In August 2018, Pecker was also granted witness immunity in exchange for his testimony of Trump's knowledge of the payments.

On February 27, 2019, Cohen testified under oath to the House Oversight Committee that he and Pecker conspired to "catch-and-kill" stories which had the potential to damage Trump.

Accusations of extortion by Jeff Bezos and Ronan Farrow
In January 2019, Pecker's National Enquirer published what it called "sleazy text messages and gushing love notes" between Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos and a romantic partner. Bezos began investigating how his personal communications reached the paper. The next month, Bezos accused the National Enquirer of extortion and blackmail by threatening to release Bezos' intimate pictures, criminal accusations Pecker denied through an attorney. Bezos wrote that AMI proposed in writing that Bezos state publicly that he and his security consultant "have no knowledge or basis for suggesting that AMI's coverage was politically motivated or influenced by political forces." In return, AMI would withhold publication of the pictures.

Both AMI and the Manhattan prosecutor launched reviews of the accusations. Any violation of law by AMI would constitute a breach of the immunity agreement the company reached with prosecutors in 2018 after the paper agreed to "catch and kill" a story on behalf of then-candidate Donald Trump. Ronan Farrow, a journalist, said he and another journalist received similar demands from AMI.

Personal life
In 1987, Pecker married Karen Balan.

See also
2017–18 United States political sexual scandals
Legal affairs of Donald Trump
Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal
Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
Timeline of investigations into Donald Trump and Russia (January–June 2018)
Timeline of investigations into Donald Trump and Russia (July–December 2018)
Timeline of investigations into Donald Trump and Russia (2019)

References

1951 births
Living people
American publishing chief executives
Businesspeople from New York City
Pace University alumni
People from the Bronx
National Enquirer people

David Pecker


In cosmology, the cosmological constant problem or vacuum catastrophe is the substantial disagreement between the observed values of vacuum energy density (the small value of the cosmological constant) and the much larger theoretical value of zero-point energy suggested by quantum field theory.

Depending on the Planck energy cutoff and other factors, the quantum vacuum energy contribution to the effective cosmological constant is calculated to be between 50 and as much as 120 orders of magnitude greater than observed, a state of affairs described by physicists as "the largest discrepancy between theory and experiment in all of science" and "the worst theoretical prediction in the history of physics".

History
The basic problem of a vacuum energy producing a gravitational effect was identified as early as 1916 by Walther Nernst.
He predicted that the value had to be either zero or very small. In 1926, Wilhelm Lenz concluded that "If one allows waves of the shortest observed wavelengths  cm, ... and if this radiation, converted to material density (), contributed to the curvature of the observable universe – one would obtain a vacuum energy density of such a value that the radius of the observable universe would not reach even to the Moon."

After the development of quantum field theory in the 1940s, the first to address contributions of quantum fluctuations to the cosmological constant was Yakov Zel'dovich in the 1960s. In quantum mechanics, the vacuum itself should experience quantum fluctuations. In general relativity, those quantum fluctuations constitute energy that would add to the cosmological constant. However, this calculated vacuum energy density is many orders of magnitude bigger than the observed cosmological constant. Original estimates of the degree of mismatch were as high as 120 to 122 orders of magnitude; however, modern research suggests that, when Lorentz invariance is taken into account, the degree of mismatch is closer to 60 orders of magnitude.

With the development of inflationary cosmology in the 1980s, the problem became much more important: as cosmic inflation is driven by vacuum energy, differences in modeling vacuum energy lead to huge differences in the resulting cosmologies. Were the vacuum energy precisely zero, as was once believed, then the expansion of the universe would not accelerate as observed, according to the standard Λ-CDM model.

Cutoff dependence
The calculated vacuum energy is a positive, rather than negative, contribution to the cosmological constant because the existing vacuum has negative quantum-mechanical pressure, while in general relativity, the gravitational effect of negative pressure is a kind of repulsion. (Pressure here is defined as the flux of quantum-mechanical momentum across a surface.) Roughly, the vacuum energy is calculated by summing over all known quantum-mechanical fields, taking into account interactions and self-interactions between the ground states, and then removing all interactions below a minimum "cutoff" wavelength to reflect that existing theories break down and may fail to be applicable around the cutoff scale. Because the energy is dependent on how fields interact within the current vacuum state, the vacuum energy contribution would have been different in the early universe; for example, the vacuum energy would have been significantly different prior to electroweak symmetry breaking during the quark epoch.

Renormalization
The vacuum energy in quantum field theory can be set to any value by renormalization. This view treats the cosmological constant as simply another fundamental physical constant not predicted or explained by theory. Such a renormalization constant must be chosen very accurately because of the many-orders-of-magnitude discrepancy between theory and observation, and many theorists consider this ad-hoc constant as equivalent to ignoring the problem.

Estimated values
The vacuum energy density of the Universe based on 2015 measurements by the Planck collaboration is  =  ≘  =  or about  in geometrized units.

One assessment, made by Jérôme Martin of the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris in 2012, placed the expected theoretical vacuum energy scale around 108 GeV4, for a difference of about 55 orders of magnitude.

Proposed solutions
Some physicists propose an anthropic solution, and argue that we live in one region of a vast multiverse that has different regions with different vacuum energies. These anthropic arguments posit that only regions of small vacuum energy such as the one in which we live are reasonably capable of supporting intelligent life. Such arguments have existed in some form since at least 1981. Around 1987, Steven Weinberg estimated that the maximum allowable vacuum energy for gravitationally-bound structures to form is problematically large, even given the observational data available in 1987, and concluded the anthropic explanation appears to fail; however, more recent estimates by Weinberg and others, based on other considerations, find the bound to be closer to the actual observed level of dark energy. Anthropic arguments gradually gained credibility among many physicists after the discovery of dark energy and the development of the theoretical string theory landscape, but are still derided by a substantial skeptical portion of the scientific community as being problematic to verify. Proponents of anthropic solutions are themselves divided on multiple technical questions surrounding how to calculate the proportion of regions of the universe with various dark energy constants.

Other proposals involve modifying gravity to diverge from general relativity. These proposals face the hurdle that the results of observations and experiments so far have tended to be extremely consistent with general relativity and the ΛCDM model, and inconsistent with thus-far proposed modifications. In addition, some of the proposals are arguably incomplete, because they solve the "new" cosmological constant problem by proposing that the actual cosmological constant is exactly zero rather than a tiny number, but fail to solve the "old" cosmological constant problem of why quantum fluctuations seem to fail to produce substantial vacuum energy in the first place. Nevertheless, many physicists argue that, due in part to a lack of better alternatives, proposals to modify gravity should be considered "one of the most promising routes to tackling" the cosmological constant problem.

Bill Unruh and collaborators have argued that when the energy density of the quantum vacuum is modeled more accurately as a fluctuating quantum field, the cosmological constant problem does not arise. Going in a different direction, George F. R. Ellis and others have suggested that in unimodular gravity, the troublesome contributions simply do not gravitate.

Another argument, due to Stanley Brodsky and Robert Shrock, is that in light front quantization, the quantum field theory vacuum becomes essentially trivial. In the absence of vacuum expectation values, there is no contribution from QED, weak interactions, and QCD to the cosmological constant. It is thus predicted to be zero in a flat space-time.

In 2018, a mechanism for cancelling Λ out has been proposed through the use of a symmetry breaking potential in a Lagrangian formalism in which matter shows a non-vanishing pressure. The model assumes that standard matter provides a pressure which counterbalances the action due to the cosmological constant. Luongo and Muccino have shown that this mechanism permits to take vacuum energy as quantum field theory predicts, but removing the huge magnitude through a counterbalance term due to baryons and cold dark matter only.

In 1999, Andrew Cohen, David B. Kaplan and Ann Nelson proposed that correlations between the UV and IR cutoffs in effective quantum field theory are enough to reduce the theoretical cosmological constant down to the measured cosmological constant due to the CKN bound. In 2021, Nikita Blinov and Patrick Draper confirmed through the holographic principle that the CKN bound predicts the measured cosmological constant, all while maintaining the predictions of effective field theory in less extreme conditions.

See also

Notes

References

External links

Physical cosmology
Physics beyond the Standard Model

Cosmological constant problem


The Harold C. Brooks House, also known as the Jabez S. Fitch House or the Charles T. Gorham House, is a historic home located at 310 N. Kalamazoo Avenue in Marshall, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970, with the surrounding grounds added in 1984.

History
Jabez S. Fitch was a wealthy Marshall dry-goods dealer. In about 1840, he constructed this house, possibly using plans from New York architect Richard Upjohn. Fitch died in 1843, and the house was sold to Charles T. Gorham in 1851. Gorham was born in Connecticut in 1812, and came to Marshall in 1836. He opened a bank in 1840 and was active in the community. He was one of the founders of the Republican Party and served as a state senator and a delegate to the Republican national convention. He was appointed
minister to the Hague by Ulysses S. Grant and served there from 1870 to 1875, then served as Assistant Secretary of the Interior from 1876-1877. Gorham owned the house until his death in 1901.

In 1921, prominent Midwest landscape architect Jens Jensen designed the surrounding grounds. In the mid-1930s, preservationist Harold C. Brooks purchased the house from the Gorham family to use as his own home and furnished it with antiques. The house has been frequently noted in architectural histories as one of the best-known examples of Greek Revival architecture in the Midwest.

The house has undergone significant renovations over the past decade by current owners Kevin Koenig and Todd Hokanson in an effort to preserve its history as one of the nation's most notable examples of Greek Revival architecture.

Description
The Brooks House is a two and ½-story brick temple-style Greek Revival house sitting on a stone foundation. The cellar of this home was finished as a traditional German-style rathskeller. The windows, door sills, and lintels are made of stone. The main wing measures 51 feet long and 39 feet wide, with a service wing which is at the rear measuring 26 by 25 feet. The front portico is 10 feet deep and contains five Ionic columns. The windows in the front are ten feet high and extend to the floor. The tympanum above the door contains a fanlight with wrought iron grilles and an eagle with outstretched wings. The sidelights and transoms on the entrances are also covered with wrought iron grilles.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Calhoun County, Michigan
Greek Revival architecture in Michigan
Houses completed in 1840

Harold C. Brooks House


Takkar () is a 1995 Indian Hindi-language romantic thriller film directed by Bharat Rangachary, starring Sunil Shetty and Naseeruddin Shah as a psychopathic Police inspector . The film was released on 14 July 1995 and did only average business. It was one of the highest grossing Bollywood film of 1995.

Plot
Takkar revolves around the lives of three characters — Ravi Malhotra (Sunil Shetty), Mohini (Sonali Bendre) and Inspector D'Costa (Naseeruddin Shah). Ravi is a freelance photographer, in love with Mohini, who works hard to make a living so they can be together. Inspector D'Costa is an efficient but corrupt cop who takes advantage of criminals by helping them in return for money and then double crossing them; he pretends to be on the side of the law. No one is considered strong or wise enough to confront D'costa.

D'Costa one day notices Ravi and Mohini on the beach, and he immediately falls for her. To keep Ravi away from her, he frames Ravi on the day before his marriage to Mohini by falsely implicating him in a drug deal case in a fake raid. Ravi is sentenced to four years of imprisonment. In prison, Ravi decides to study the law so he can fight injustice. He is helped by prisoners like Kaku (Rakesh Bedi) who are in jail because of D'Costa and want him dead.

In Ravi's absence, D'Costa befriends Mohini. She begins to like and respect him as though he were a good man. After two years, Ravi is released from jail because of good behavior and on efforts by DCP Mishra (Shafi Inamdar) made on Mohini's pleas. Soon Ravi and Mohini are married. D'Costa learns about Ravi's release from prison and his marriage. Infuriated, he harasses the couple repeatedly to get close to Mohini. But Mohini never gives in to D'Costa's moves. Ravi soon learns that it was D'Costa who had framed him on the day before his marriage, and he decides to take revenge. He follows D'Costa closely, watching all his activities. Being a photographer, he captures the cop on camera.

DCP Mishra  is killed by D'Costa when both of them rescue a group of school children from terrorists holding them captive in a school. This is noted by Ravi, and he makes it known publicly. D'Costa tries to eliminate Ravi but in vain. Soon an enquiry is arranged by the police (on Ravi's request), and Ravi plays the prosecution lawyer. Ravi traps D'Costa in his own words, making him confess to his crime. He also provides evidence for the same.

The helpless D'Costa is now suspended from service. His mistress Lily (Archana Puran Singh) tells the couple that he will never leave them in peace, but informs them that his own desires can be used against him. Based on a plan. Ravi leaves the house, pretending to go out of the city. D'Costa learns of this and immediately goes to the couple's house, where he is met by a surprise reception. Mohini dances with him, pretends to seduce him when abruptly Ravi breaks in. He beats up D'Costa, police arrive and arrest the former cop.

D'Costa is now jailed. But enemies are not at bay for him. In prison, he comes across the men whom he had once jailed, working in the jail compound. The criminals together attack and kill D'Costa.

The film ends with D'Costa's burial, as Ravi sticks a cross with D'Costa's name on the grave. He then says 'Everything has come to an end for good' and walks away with Mohini, as the prisoners look on and the credits begin to roll.

Cast
Suniel Shetty as Ravi Malhotra
Sonali Bendre as Mohini
Naseeruddin Shah as Inspector D'Costa
Shafi Inamdar as DCP Mishra
Kunika as Sheena Vasudev, News Editor
Archana Puran Singh as Maya, D'Costa's mistress.
Himani Shivpuri as Mohini's mother
Tiku Talsania as Mamaji
Ajit Vachani as Sikandar Bakht
Sudhir Dalvi as Commissioner of Police
Sameer Khakhar as Police Constable
Rakesh Bedi as Prisoner Kaku
Pramod Moutho as Prisoner with Yellow Robe.
Mohan Joshi as Raja Thakur
Ishrat Ali as Kale Sarkar

Track listing
Lyrics: Rahat Indori, Nawab Arzoo, Maya Govind, Dev Kohli & Rani Malik
Singers: Kumar Sanu, Abhijeet Bhattacharya, Alka Yagnik, Alisha Chinoy & Sapna Mukherjee
Music: Anu Malik

References

External links

Indian romantic thriller films
1990s romantic thriller films
1990s Hindi-language films
1990 films
1995 crime thriller films
1995 films
Indian crime thriller films
Films scored by Anu Malik
Films directed by Bharat Rangachary

Takkar (1995 film)


Walnut trees, genus Juglans, are plants which mostly grow in the northern hemisphere. They can reach ten to forty metres (30-130 ft) in height. They are used for timber.  The wood is very hard, and dark in color. It is mostly used in furniture.

The fruit is eaten and can be used to make oil. The fruit of Juglans are called walnuts. Material of the walnut's outer casing was used by Native American tribes to poison fish.

Walnut trees grow from Europe eastwards to the Himalayas and southwest China. In America they are found in places from Canada to Argentina.

Fagales
Edible nuts and seeds

Walnut


Thermochromic ink (also called thermochromatic ink) is a type of dye that changes color when temperatures increase or decrease. Often used in the manufacture of many toys or product packaging, as well as thermometers. Thermochromic ink can also turn transparent when heat is applied; an example of this type of thermochromic ink is found on corners of an examination mark sheet. This proves that the sheet has not been edited or photocopied, and also on certain pizza boxes to show the temperature of the product.

Use on packaging can be to detect temperature history during shipping and to indicate proper heating in an oven.

Examples
On June 20, 2017, the United States Postal Service released the first application of thermochromic ink to postage stamps in its Total Eclipse of the Sun Forever stamp to commemorate the solar eclipse of August 21, 2017. When pressed with a finger, body heat turns the black circle in the center of the stamp into an image of the full moon. The stamp image is a photo of a total solar eclipse seen in Jalu, Libya, on March 29, 2006. The photo was taken by retired NASA astrophysicist Fred Espenak, aka "Mr. Eclipse".

See also
 Thermochromism
Security printing
Active packaging

References

Thermochromism
Dyes

Thermochromic ink


Pastor Ruby Terry (born February 1952 as Ruby Karen Frances or Ruby Karen Francis), is an American gospel musician and Christian R&B artist. She started her music career, in 1990 with the release of Chapter One by Malaco Records, and all of her released have been released by that label. Her second album, Live with the Southwest Louisiana Mass Choir, was released in 1992, and it was her breakthrough release upon the Billboard magazine Gospel Albums chart. The third album, What a Time, came out in 1994, and this release charted on the aforementioned chart. She released, God Can Do It, in 1996, yet this failed to chart.

Early life
Pastor Terry was born in Columbia, Mississippi, in February 1952 as Ruby Karen Francis or Frances, to Rev. L. J. Francis, and his wife. She was raised in Lawton, Oklahoma, where she was a graduated of Eisenhower High School, and went on to earn 119 hours of an education degree at Seward County Community College and Wichita State University.

Music career
Her music recording career commenced in 1990, with the release of Chapter One by Malaco Records, and they are the only imprint she released albums with during her career. The second album, Live with the Southwest Louisiana Mass Choir, was released in 1992, and this was her breakthrough released upon the Billboard magazine Gospel Albums chart at No. 11. She released, What a Time, in 1994, and this placed on the aforementioned chart at No. 39. The fourth album, God Can Do It, came out in 1996, yet this album failed to chart.

Personal life
Evangelist Terry met her husband, Pastor Ivanhoe Terry, while she was in pursuing her degree in education, and they relocated to Lake Charles, Louisiana. She has two sons, Eric and Christopher Terry. After the death of her husband, Evangelist Terry became the Founder/Pastor of Fountain of Life COGIC in Lake Charles. She serves as Assistant Jurisdictional Supervisor of the Greater New Orleans Jurisdiction, COGIC.

Discography

Studio albums

References

1952 births
Living people
African-American songwriters
African-American Christians
Musicians from Mississippi
Musicians from Oklahoma
Musicians from Louisiana
Songwriters from Mississippi
Songwriters from Oklahoma
Songwriters from Louisiana
People from Columbia, Mississippi
Malaco Records artists
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American people

Ruby Terry


Gottfred Eickhoff (11 April 1902 in Frederiksberg – 26 July 1982) was a Danish sculptor. Inspired by French trends, his work contrasted with that of his predecessors, exhibiting a spirit of harmony, peace and balance.

Early life
After matriculating from high school in 1920, Eickhoff embarked on law studies but changed paths in 1926 when he became a pupil of Harald Giersing. Realizing he would now concentrate on sculpture, he continued his studies in Paris from 1927 to 1933 under Charles Despiau, associating with a wide range of sculptors including Jean Osouf and Paul Cornet from France, Charles Leplae from Belgium, Han Wezelaar from the Netherlands, Bror Hjorth from Sweden and Adam Fischer and Astrid Noack from Denmark.

Career
In 1933, he exhibited with the Grønningen artists, becoming a member of the association in 1935. His works immediately attracted considerable interest: his busts Kvindehoved. Merete Bodelsen (limestone, 1931) and Gerda (clay, 1932) were acquired by Statens Museum for Kunst and the Carlsberg Foundation. He received a stipendium from the foundation allowing him to make an extended tour of Italy, Greece, Egypt and Turkey in 1936. His works from this period follow the French trends of Aristide Maillol and Charles Despiau, contrasting with Danish designs. Works from this period include Marseillepiger (limestone, 1935),  Corfupige (bronze, 1939) and Roepiger (bronze, 1939) which now stands on the market place in Sakskøbing. His bronze female figure Guapa can be seen outside the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen.

After the war, he travelled to Italy, Spain and Morocco before becoming a professor at the Danish Academy in 1954. He frequently sketched during his travels, producing such prized works as a drawing of a cow deprived of its calf in San Cataldo (1952) and of a shop in Zauen, Morocco (1953). His drawings demonstrate his skills at light and shade, reminiscent of Goya and Rembrandt. Later in life, he used his drawings as a basis for sculpted works.

Style

His sculptures are modelled with harmony, peace and balance, based on nature as a precondition. They contrast with those of previous generations, differing from the exuberance of Kai Nielsen and the ornamentation of Johannes Bjerg and Einar Utzon-Frank. Many of his works have been carefully reproduced in various sizes.

Selected works
Public art
 Mother With Cjildm Præstø, Denmark (1972)
 Rycho Brahe, Børre Allé, Copenhagen, Denmark

Awards
Eickhoff received the Eckersberg Medal in 1944 and the Thorvaldsen Medal in 1976.

References

1902 births
1982 deaths
Artists from Frederiksberg
Recipients of the Eckersberg Medal
Recipients of the Thorvaldsen Medal
20th-century Danish sculptors
Male sculptors
Danish male artists
20th-century Danish male artists

Gottfred Eickhoff


Brawn GP Formula One Team, was a Formula One motor racing team. Brawn GP started on the 6th of March 2009 when Ross Brawn, the old team leader for Honda, Ferrari and Benetton, bought the team after Nick Fry, the commercial manager, convinced him into it for £1. On 17 March 2009 the FIA agreed to change the name from Honda Racing F1 Team to Brawn GP. Even though the team is only the Honda team with a new name, the FIA considered Brawn GP to be a new team, but agreed to let the join F1 for free instead of the usual price.

The new team first raced at the 2009 Australian Grand Prix on 28 March 2009, where they took 1st and 2nd place in qualifying. The team went on to win the top two positions in their debut Grand Prix race on 29 March 2009, with Jenson Button winning the race and Rubens Barrichello coming in second.

The team used Mercedes-Benz engines and its cars were driven by the old Honda team of Jenson Button and Rubens Barrichello, which has lasted for 3 years. In the early part of the season, several other sponsors were signed, including Virgin, M I G Investments, Henri Lloyd and PerkinElmer.

On 18 October 2009, at the Brazilian Grand Prix, Button won the 2009 Drivers' Title on his first season for Brawn GP. He and teammate Barrichello secured Brawn GP enough points to win Brawn the Constructors Championship in its 1 and only season. As a result, Brawn GP can be considered the only F1 Team to have a 100% record winning every Championship it competed in.

The following month, Mercedes, after talks from months before, bought major stakes in Brawn GP, renaming themselves Mercedes AMG Petronas, making them the owners but allowed Ross Brawn and Nick Fry to continue working in their positions till the pair left in 2013, Nick before the season began and Brawn on December 31st.

Formula One constructors

Brawn GP


Holly Martin is a YouTuber and solo sailor best known for sailing her 27-foot sloop Gecko as part of her YouTube channel Wind Hippie Sailing.

Martin sails a Grinde 27 foot double ender sloop that she purchased in Connecticut and returned to Maine where she spent over a year preparing to make her seaworthy. Her goal of completing a circumnavigation started in October 2018 when she left Round Pond Maine and headed towards the Panama Canal. After spending time in the Caribbean for a year she transited the Panama Canal and entered the Pacific Ocean in May 2020, after a 41-day solo passage to French Polynesia, which she was unable to leave due to COVID-19 restrictions. While underway Martin is an avid reader, and at anchor she enjoys snorkeling, catching fish, and meeting the new people.

Martin grew up on boats with her parents, first on a Cal 25, as they sailed in the south Pacific and later the Arctic where she spent time being schooled in Iceland, Norway, and Canada. She holds a degree in Marine Biology and worked aboard an Antarctic research vessel as a research support technician.

References

YouTube vloggers
American sailors
New Zealand sailors
Single-handed circumnavigating sailors
1994 births
Living people

Holly Martin


Adelaide of Austria (Adelheid Franziska Marie Rainera Elisabeth Clotilde; 3 June 1822 – 20 January 1855) was the first wife of Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia, future King of Italy. She was the mother of eight children including the future Umberto I of Italy. She was the Queen of Sardinia from 1849 until 1855 when she died as a result of childbirth. The present Italian pretender is her direct great great grandson.

Biography

Archduchess of Austria
She was born at the Royal Palace of Milan to Rainer Joseph of Austria and his wife Elisabeth of Savoy. Named Adelaide, or known as Adele in the family, she held the title of Archduchess of Austria. Her father was the Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia and was a son of the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and Maria Luisa of Spain. Her mother was a member of the House of Savoy and a daughter of the then Prince of Carignano, the head of the junior branch of the House of Savoy who ruled the Kingdom of Sardinia.

Duchess of Savoy
On 12 April 1842, at the Palazzina di caccia di Stupinigi, she married Victor Emmanuel of Savoy. The marriage was used to strengthen relations between the House of Savoy and that of the House of Habsburg but was viewed by many people of the time to increase Austrian power in Italy.

Victor Emmanuel was her first cousin and heir apparent to the King of Sardinia. He was styled the "Duke of Savoy" prior to succession. Adelaide thus took on the style of "Duchess of Savoy". She maintained her style of Imperial & Royal Highness till she became Queen.

Her husband's mother Maria Theresa of Austria retained great influence over her son throughout his life. Her mother-in-law was also her first cousin, both she and Adelaide being grandchildren of Emperor Leopold II. Adelaide and her husband of thirteen years had eight children. Four of these went on to have further progeny. Her husband had various extramarital affairs throughout the marriage. Adelaide was a quiet and religious woman and had had a strict upbringing. A loving wife and frequently would give to charity.

Queen of Sardinia
In March 1849 her father-in-law King Charles Albert abdicated after the events of the Revolutions of 1848. Her husband succeeded as Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. During her tenure as queen consort she had three further children all of which died in infancy. On 8 January 1855 she gave birth to a son who was styled the "Count of Genevois". Days later Queen Maria Theresa died on 12 January 1855. Adelaide went to the late queens funeral on 16 January and returning to the palace caught a cold. She died four days later at the Royal Palace of Turin having had an acute attack of Gastroenteritis. Another story says that Adelaide died of her burns after stepping on a match that set fire to her clothes. She was buried at the Royal Basilica of Superga. In 1861 her husband would become the first post-unification King of Italy. Her husband wed again to Rosa Vercellana in a morganatic marriage.

Issue

 Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy (2 March 1843 – 25 June 1911) married Prince Napoléon Joseph Bonaparte, "Prince Napoléon" and had children.
 Umberto I of Italy (14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900) married Princess Margherita of Savoy and had children.
 [Amadeo I of Spain (30 May 1845 – 18 January 1890) married Princess Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo and later Princess Princess Maria Letizia Bonaparte and had children.
 Prince Oddone of Savoy, Duke of Montferrat (11 July 1846 – 22 January 1866) died unmarried.
 Princess Maria Pia of Savoy (14 February 1847 – 5 July 1911) married King Luís I of Portugal and had children.
 Prince Carlo Alberto of Savoy (2 June 1851 – 22 June 1854) Duke of Chablais died in childhood.
 Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy (6 July 1852) died at birth.
 Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, Count of Genevois (18 January 1855 – 17 May 1855) died in childhood.

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles
3 June 1822 – 12 April 1842 Her Imperial and Royal Highness Archduchess Adelaide of Austria
12 April 1842 – 23 March 1849 Her Imperial and Royal Highness The Duchess of Savoy
23 March 1849 – 20 January 1855 Her Majesty The Queen of Sardinia

Honours
Dame of the Order of the Starry Cross

References

Kings and Queens of Sardinia
1822 births
1855 deaths
People from Milan
Princes and Princesses of Savoy
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Deaths in childbirth
Dukes and Duchesses of Savoy
Burials at the Basilica of Superga

Adelaide of Austria


Hazeltine National Golf Club ( ) is a golf club located in Chaska, Minnesota, a suburb southwest of Minneapolis, United States. It is a private club and therefore closed to guests not accompanied by a member. The golf course was designed by Robert Trent Jones and opened in 1962.

Hazeltine also hosts functions other than golf. The clubhouse has a ballroom and two restaurants.

History
Totton P. Heffelfinger, a former president of the United States Golf Association, saw the opportunity to build a new championship golf course after The Minikahda Club in Minneapolis (where Chick Evans won the 1916 U.S. Open) was threatened by the development of a freeway. After that club rejected plans for a new course, Heffelfinger met with Robert Trent Jones to design the golf course.

The course was originally named "The Executive Golf Club" and was initially intended to be part of a series of Executive Golf Clubs around the country. However, the name was not favorable and the other clubs did not materialize. The founders decided to call the new course Hazeltine National Golf club in honor of the adjoining Lake Hazeltine. The course opened for play to club members in 1962. Heffelfinger's ultimate goal was to have major championships played at Hazeltine. He got that wish when the 1966 U.S. Women's Open was played at Hazeltine; Sandra Spuzich won with a score of 297 (nine over par) on a course set to .

Hazeltine hosted the U.S. Open in 1970 and the course received much negative press as many big names and nearly half the field didn't break 80 the first day. The weather had been very cool and windy. After his round on Friday, Dave Hill said that the only thing Hazeltine was missing was "80 acres of corn and a few cows." Tony Jacklin (that year's reigning Open Championship winner) won the tournament with a seven-under-par 281. The course played to  and Hill placed second.

After that, the club faced severe financial troubles, and it looked unlikely that the club would host a major championship again. The club almost secured a deal to host a PGA Championship, but ultimately lost the opportunity. However, the course was awarded the U.S. Women's Open for 1977. This was the first year that Nancy Lopez played in the championship as a professional, and she placed second. Hollis Stacy won the event with a four-over-par score of 292 on a  course set at .

Over the next few years, the course received a series of renovations. A number of dogleg holes were straightened. The par three sixteenth hole was abandoned and a new par four was laid out along Hazeltine Lake. The par four seventeenth was converted to a par three, keeping the original green site. The 1983 U.S. Senior Open was held at the redesigned course. Billy Casper and Rod Funseth were tied after four rounds with scores of four-over-par 288 (the course played as a par 71). After he and Funseth were still tied at the end of an 18-hole playoff, Casper made a birdie on the first hole of sudden death to win. The course played to .

The course was awarded the 1991 U.S. Open in January 1986. Rees Jones, the son of Robert Trent Jones, made more changes to the course in preparation for the U.S. Open. The U.S. Open was remembered primarily for two things. One was the dramatic duel between Payne Stewart and Scott Simpson, who both finished at six-under-par 282. In the 18-hole playoff, Stewart was two strokes behind coming to the 16th hole. Then, as he had on Sunday, he rallied and won the U.S. Open for his second major championship win (and the first of his two U.S. Opens). Stewart made 57 pars during the 72 holes of regulation.

The 1991 U.S. Open is also remembered because of lightning that struck on Thursday, June 13, the first day of the championship. The day started out with bright blue skies, but a rainstorm soon came in. Spectators left the course or stood under trees for shelter. Six spectators stood under a tree near the famous sixteenth hole when lightning struck, with one fatality.

In 1994, the course hosted the U.S. Mid-Amateur Championship, one of the major events in amateur golf. In that competition, Tim Jackson defeated Tommy Brennan with a final score of one up (the Mid-Amateur final is held at match play). The course measured at  for that championship. In 2001 another amateur event, the USGA Men's State Team Championship, was held at Hazeltine. John Carlson, Jered Gusso, and John Harris comprised the Minnesota team which won that event with an even-par score of 432. The course played at .

Hazeltine also hosted the 1999 NCAA Division I Men's Championship. The Georgia Bulldogs won the team tournament with a twenty-seven-over-par score of 1179. Northwestern Wildcats golfer Luke Donald won the individual championship with a four-under-par score of 284. The course played to .

Rees Jones lengthened tees and added several new bunkers in preparation for the 84th PGA Championship in 2002. The course played at  as a par 72. Rich Beem was the winner of the championship, with a score of ten-under-par 278, holding off a surging Tiger Woods, who birdied the last four holes. The course's competitive course record was set in the 2002 PGA Championship as Beem, Robert Allenby, and Justin Leonard all shot 66 (six-under-par) during the second round.

In 2006 the course hosted the U.S. Amateur, which was won by Richie Ramsay of Scotland by defeating John Kelly of USA with a score of 4 & 2.

Hazeltine again played host to the PGA Championship in 2009. The tournament was won by Y.E. Yang of South Korea. Yang prevailed by three strokes over Tiger Woods, who had led by two going into Sunday. Yang's victory was significant, as it was the first men's major won by a golfer born in Asia. It also marked the first time that Woods had lost a major after holding at least a share of first after 54 holes.

The 2016 Ryder Cup was awarded to Hazeltine in 2002 and was scheduled for September 27 – October 2. On February 24, 2015, Davis Love III was named captain for Team USA with Northern Ireland's Darren Clarke captaining Team Europe. The United States' 17–11 victory was their first victory in the event since 2008 at Valhalla and tied the record for the biggest American margin of victory on home soil set in 1979 at The Greenbrier, which was the first year that Great Britain and Ireland included continental Europe to create the current European team.

On March 26, 2018, Hazeltine National was announced as the host of the 2028 Ryder Cup. It will be the first American venue to host a second Ryder Cup.

2019 KPMG Women's PGA Championship
In late June 2019, the club hosted, for the first time, the KPMG Women's PGA Championship. This event, established in the mid-1950s, is the second-oldest of the LPGA Tour's five major championships, and is conducted by the PGA of America.

Major tournaments hosted at Hazeltine National

Bolded years are major championships on the PGA Tour

Future events

Course information

The golf course is hilly, and it has narrow fairways and small greens. Nine of the holes have water hazards. The signature hole at Hazeltine is the par four sixteenth. The tee shot on the sixteenth must carry 220 yards (201 m) over Hazeltine Lake. The green is a raised peninsula which falls off on all sides, including into the hazard in the back and on the right.

The seventeenth is a long par three that used to be a short par four. Four bunkers and two water hazards guard the green, which is one of the most undulating on the entire course. The finishing hole is a long, well-bunkered par four.

Keeping with the club's goal of improving the golf course as needed, a number of changes were made in the fall of 2005, including adding new tees (which will increase the length from the championship tees) and bunkers. The course was re-rated in 2006.

Prior to the changes, from the championship tees, the course measured  and had a rating of 77.0/153. From the blue tees, the course measures  and has a rating of 75.4/150. From the gold tees, the course measures  and has a rating of 73.7/146. From the white tees, the course measures  and has a rating of 71.8/142 for men and 77.2/144 for women. From the red tees, the course measures  and has a rating of 74.3/138 for women.

During the 2008 summer, the club made many significant changes to the golf course in preparation for the 2009 PGA Championship. Some of these changes included adding bunkers onto the Par 4 2nd Hole; adding a new tee box on Hole 12, a par 4  which then played at almost ; and lengthening the course to .  The rating was 78.0, and the slope was listed as 155.

Scorecard

References

External links

1962 establishments in Minnesota
Buildings and structures in Carver County, Minnesota
Chaska, Minnesota
Golf clubs and courses designed by Robert Trent Jones
Golf clubs and courses in Minnesota
Ryder Cup venues
Sports venues completed in 1962
Sports venues in Minneapolis–Saint Paul
Tourist attractions in Carver County, Minnesota

Hazeltine National Golf Club


Dontay Moch (born July 19, 1988) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football for the University of Nevada.

Early years
Moch was born in Chandler, Arizona to parents Robert Moch and Rakell Wesley. He has an older brother, Mekell Wesley, who played football at San Diego State. Dontay Moch attended Hamilton High School in Chandler, where he played on the state championship football team in his junior and senior years and ran track. While there, he was named a First-team All-state player.

In track & field, Moch captured the state title in the 200-meter dash event at the 2005 5A State Meet, with a PR time of 21.8 seconds. One year later at the same 5A State Meet, he took gold in the 100-meter dash event, recording a personal-best time of 10.77 seconds, and ran the lead leg on the Hamilton 4 × 100 m relay squad, helping them win the state title with a time of 41.89 seconds.

College career
At the University of Nevada, Moch sat out the 2006 season as a redshirt. In 2007, he saw action in 13 games as a linebacker, defensive end, and on special teams. That season, he recorded 13 tackles, 3.5 sacks, forced one fumble, recovered one fumble, and broke up three passes.

In 2008, Nigel Burton took over as Nevada's defensive coordinator and instituted a 4–3 scheme. The new system relied on the speed of Moch and fellow defensive lineman Kevin Basped to penetrate from the edge. Moch saw action under this scheme in all 13 games and recorded 50 total tackles (33 solo), 17.5 tackles for loss, 11.5 sacks, two broken-up passes, and four forced fumbles. Moch finished the season tied for 12th in the nation in number of quarterback sacks. The Western Athletic Conference (WAC) named him a Second-team All-WAC defensive lineman.

In 2009, Moch was First-team All-WAC honors and was named the WAC Defensive Player of the Year . He started 13 games and finished with 61 tackles, including a WAC-leading 20.0, which set a new Nevada single-season record. He also registered 6.5 sacks, forced two fumbles and broke up three passes. Going into his senior season of 2010 Moch already owns school season records in sacks (11½ in 2008) and tackles for loss (20 in 2009) and needs 7½ sacks and 10 tackles for loss to set WAC career records.

Professional career
At the 2011 NFL Combine, Moch ran a 4.44 sec 40-yard dash, best among all linebackers and defensive linemen.

Cincinnati Bengals
Moch was selected in the third round with the 66th overall pick by the Cincinnati Bengals in the 2011 NFL Draft.

In 2011, Moch suffered a broken foot in the opening preseason game on August 12, against the Detroit Lions. By October 12, Moch had returned to full practice, but was inactive for the sixth game of the regular season against the Indianapolis Colts on October 17.

Moch was suspended the first 4 games of the 2012 NFL season for using a banned substance. His 2012 campaign ended November 1 when he was placed on injured reserve for recurring migraines.

Arizona Cardinals
Moch signed with the Arizona Cardinals on September 25, 2013.

Cincinnati Bengals
Moch returned to the Bengals on March 14, 2014, after being claimed off waivers from the Cardinals.

Tennessee Titans
Moch signed with the Tennessee Titans in 2014.

Toronto Argonauts
Moch signed with the Toronto Argonauts on May 30, 2015.

Atlanta Falcons
On December 15, 2015, Moch was signed to the Atlanta Falcons' practice squad.

Los Angeles KISS
On May 26, 2016, Moch was signed by the Los Angeles KISS.

Arizona Rattlers
On October 14, 2016, Moch was selected by the Arizona Rattlers during the dispersal draft.

References

External links

Cincinnati Bengals bio
Nevada State Wolfpack bio

1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Chandler, Arizona
Players of American football from Arizona
American football linebackers
American football defensive ends
Nevada Wolf Pack football players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Arizona Cardinals players
Tennessee Titans players
Los Angeles Kiss players
Arizona Rattlers players

Dontay Moch


Raymond Francis Clevenger (June 6, 1926 – March 29, 2016) was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from the state of Michigan between 1965 and 1967.

Biography
Clevenger was born in Chicago and attended schools in Oak Park, Illinois, graduating from high school in 1944. He served in the United States Army Medical Corps from July 1944 to July 1946. He resumed his education and attended Roosevelt University in Chicago and the London School of Economics and Political Science. While at Roosevelt, he was elected student council president, and served alongside future Chicago mayor Harold Washington, who was the student council vice president. He graduated from Roosevelt University in 1949 and from the University of Michigan Law School in 1952.

Career
He began the practice of law in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan in 1953. He was a delegate to Democratic State Conventions, 1954–1964 and a delegate to the 1956 Democratic National Convention. He practiced law in Illinois, as well as Michigan, and before the United States federal courts and served as Chippewa County Circuit Court Commissioner, 1958–1960. He was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee, 1958–1960.  He was also Michigan Corporation and Securities Commissioner, 1961–1963.

Congress
In 1964, he defeated incumbent Republican Victor A. Knox to be elected as a Democrat from Michigan's 11th congressional district to the Eighty-ninth Congress, serving from January 3, 1965, to January 3, 1967. He was known as one of the Michigan Five Fluke Freshmen and was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1966, and again in 1968, losing both times to Republican Philip Ruppe.

Later career and death
Clevenger was appointed by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson as chairman, Great Lakes Basin Commission, 1967–1968. He later resumed the practice of law and campaigned in 1989 for Mayor of Ann Arbor, Michigan, losing to Republican incumbent Gerald D. Jernigan. He latterly resided in Ann Arbor and died in March 2016 at the age of 89.

References

 The Political Graveyard

1926 births
2016 deaths
20th-century American lawyers
United States Army personnel of World War II
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Michigan
Illinois lawyers
Michigan lawyers
Military personnel from Michigan
People from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan
Politicians from Chicago
Roosevelt University alumni
United States Army soldiers
University of Michigan Law School alumni

Raymond F. Clevenger


Michael MacAuliffe, also known as Max Arthur MacAuliffe (11 September 1838 − 15 March 1913) was a senior British administrator, prolific scholar and author. MacAuliffe is renowned for his partial translation of Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib and history into English.

Early life and education
MacAuliffe was born in Ireland at Newcastle West, County Limerick, on 10 September 1841. He was educated at Newcastle School, Limerick, and Springfield College. He attended Queen's College Galway between 1857 and 1863, being awarded junior scholarships in the Literary Division of the Arts Faculty for 1857–58, 1858–59, and 1859–60. He was awarded a B.A. degree with first class honours in Modern Languages in 1860. He obtained a senior scholarship in Ancient Classics for 1860-1, and a senior scholarship in Modern Languages and History for 1861-62. He also served as Secretary of the college's Literary and Debating Society for the 1860–61 session.

Career
MacAuliffe entered the Indian Civil Service in 1862, and arrived in the Punjab in February 1864. He was appointed Deputy Commissioner of the Punjab in 1882, and a Divisional Judge in 1884. He retired from the Indian Civil Service in 1893.

MacAuliffe also wrote a rendition, English translation of the Sacred scriptures of the Sikh religion, the Guru Granth Sahib. He also wrote The Sikh Religion: its Gurus, Sacred Writings and Authors (six volumes, Oxford University Press, 1909). He was assisted in his works by Pratap Singh Giani, a Sikh scholar.

MacAuliffe converted to Sikhism in the 1860s and was even derided by his employers for having "turned a Sikh".

His personal assistant remarked in his memoirs that on his death bed, MacAuliffe could be heard reciting the Sikh morning prayer, Japji Sahib, ten minutes before he died.

MacAuliffe is held in high esteem amongst Sikh communion, for his translation into English of the Sikh Scriptures, the Guru Granth Sahib. At a lecture at the annual session of the Lahore Singh Sabha Macauliffe proclaimed that the Guru Granth was matchless as a book of holy teachings.

He was awarded the degree of M.A. (honoris causa) by his alma mater in 1882. MacAuliffe died in the United Kingdom at his home in London on 15 March 1913.

Publications
 The Sikh Religion Vol I (1909)
 The Sikh Religion Vol II (1909)
 The Sikh Religion Vol III (1909)
 The Sikh Religion Vol IV (1909)
 The Sikh Religion Vol V (1909)
 The Sikh Religion Vol VI (1909)
 Translation of the Japji - M. Macauliffe

References

External links

 The Sikh Religion, Volume 1
 Max Arthur Macauliffe : First Western Gateway To Study of Sikhism
 Max Arthur Macauliffe – He Introduced Sikhi to the English-Speaking West

1841 births
1913 deaths
British people in colonial India
People from Newcastle West
Converts to Sikhism
Irish Sikhs
Sikh writers

Max Arthur Macauliffe


The least skipper (Ancyloxypha numitor) is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae.  It is native to North America.  They have a weak, bouncy flight.

The least skipper can be found in damp or wet habitats with tall grasses. In the northern part of the its range, adults may be seen from May to September.  In the southern part of its range, adults can be found from February to December. It may be seen all year in southern Florida.

Description
The least skipper has rounded wings and a skinny body.  Their antennae are checkered and have no hooks.  Male least skipper do not have stigmata. The upper side of the top wing is dark brown, sometimes having orange on it. The bottom wing is orange with a dark brown border around it. The underside of the wings is bright orange.  The bottom wing's veins are a whitish color.  Its wingspan (length of the wings) is ¾ to 1 inch.

Life cycle
Males find females by looking for them in tall grasses.  Females lay their eggs one at a time on the caterpillar's host plant (the plant that the caterpillar feeds on).  The eggs are pale yellow. The caterpillar makes a nest of grass and silk.  The caterpillar is green.  It has four pairs of white wax glands on the abdomen near the underside.  The head is brown or tan.  It is usually darker in the center.  The collar (the area between where the head and the body connect) has a white stripe and a black stripe. The chrysalis is a cream color and has brown markings.  The caterpillar will hibernate in the winter.  The least skipper has 2-4 broods each year.

Host plants
Here is a list of host plants that the least skipper caterpillar feeds on:

 cogongrass, Imperata sp.
 rice cutgrass, Leersia oryzoides
 cultivated rice, Oryza sativa
 Panicum sp.
 bluegrass, Poa sp.
 Setaria sp.
 cordgrass, Spartina sp.
 marsh millet, Zizaniopsis miliacea

Similar species
There are some species of butterflies that are similar to the least skipper.  They are the European skipper (Thymelicus lineola), the tropical least skipper (Ancyloxypha arene), the orange skipperling (Copaeodes aurantiaeca), and the southern skipperling (Copaeodes minima).

References

Hesperiidae

Ancyloxypha numitor


Victor Amadeus I (8 May 1587 – 7 October 1637) was the Duke of Savoy from 1630 to 1637. He was also titular King of Cyprus and Jerusalem.  He was also known as the Lion of Susa.

Biography
He was born in Turin to Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Catherine Micaela of Austria. He spent much of his childhood at the Spanish court in Madrid. When his brother Filippo Emanuele, Prince of Piedmont died, he became legitimate heir to the duchy and received the loyalty swore of the court at Racconigi on 21 January 1607.

After a crisis with relationships with Spain, he was married to Henry IV of France's daughter Christine Marie in 1619.

Victor Amadeus became Duke of Savoy after his father's death in 1630. Charles Emmanuel's policies had brought a great instability in the relationships with both France and Spain, and troops were needed to defend the Duchy. As money was lacking to recruit mercenaries or train indigenous soldiers, Victor Amadeus signed a peace treaty with Spain. With the Treaty of Cherasco, Savoy was given back Pinerolo, although, according to a secret point of the agreement, that important stronghold was to remain with France in exchange for Geneve.

On 25 September of that year, Victor Amadeus fell ill after a dinner offered by the Duke of Créqui. Carried to Turin, he died here on 7 October.

References
genealogy.euweb.cz

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

8 May 1587–21 January 1607 His Highness Victor Amadeus of Savoy
 21 January 1607–26 July 1630His Highness the Prince of Piedmont
26 July 1630–7 October 1637 His Highness the Duke of Savoy

1587 births
1637 deaths
Dukes and Duchesses of Savoy
Princes and Princesses of Piedmont
Princes and Princesses of Savoy

Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy


John D. Carmack II (born August 20 1970) is a well known video game creator. He was one of the creators of id Software, a video game company, in 1991. Carmack was the main programmer of the first-person shooter games Wolfenstein 3D, Doom, Quake, and their sequels.
In 1999, Carmack appeared as number 10 in TIME's list of the 50 most influential people in technology.

Carmack is married to Katherine Anna Kang since January 2000 and their son, Christopher Ryan, was born on August 13 2004. In March 2006, Carmack was added to the Walk of Game, an event that names the most important people in video games.

References

 Kushner, David (2003). Masters of Doom: How Two Guys Created an Empire and Transformed Pop Culture, New York: Random House. .

1970 births
Living people
Carmack, John
Carmack, John
Scientists from Kansas
American bloggers

John Carmack


The former Public Trust Building in Christchurch, New Zealand, is a heritage building designed by leading architect Cecil Wood that was threatened with demolition. It is now being restored for a range of office and hospitality tenants.

Location

The Public Trust Building is located at 152–156 Oxford Terrace in the Christchurch Central City. The building overlooks the Avon River. Its immediate neighbour to the north was the Clarendon Hotel, which later became the Clarendon Tower.

Background
The Public Trust of New Zealand was a government-appointed trustee service for those unwilling to use private services, or required by the courts or legislation to use the Public Trustee. It dealt, for example, with intestate estates, i.e. where people died owning property whose value is greater than the sum of their enforceable debts and funeral expenses without having made a valid will. The Public Trust commenced operating in 1873. The Christchurch office is responsible for a large area, from the Waiau Toa / Clarence River in the north, the Southern Alps in the west, and the Rangitata River in the south.

History
The Public Trust has had a number of offices in Christchurch throughout its history, with rapid growth necessitating frequent moves. The first public trustee in Christchurch was Alexander Lean, who had his office at the Chief Post Office in Cathedral Square. The office moved to two further buildings in Cathedral Square before a freehold property was purchased at 96 Gloucester Street; this was the department's home from 1909. When those premises had become too small despite several additions to the building, a new site had to be found.

Cecil Wood was engaged to design the building. Wood had been practising as an architect in Christchurch since 1906, and had early in his career become a leading domestic architect. Since 1916, he had been the architect for Christ's College. The Public Trust Building in Christchurch was one of his first large commercial projects.

Before the staff moved in, the public enjoyed two open days on 7 and 8 May 1925. On Saturday, 9 May, the Gloucester Street office closed and on Monday, 11 May 1925, the new Public Trust Building opened to the public for business.

Wood received further commissions from the Public Trustee and designed their office in Dunedin, which opened on 20 May 1929.

Heritage registration
The New Zealand Historic Places Trust, since renamed to Heritage New Zealand, registered the building as a Category II structure on 26 November 1981, with registration number 3128. The building had a separate heritage registration under the Christchurch City Plan. The current owner, Tailorspace, applied to an independent hearings panel set up for the Christchurch Replacement District Plan to have the local heritage listing revoked, and this request was granted on 12 July 2016.

References

Heritage New Zealand Category 2 historic places in Canterbury, New Zealand
Office buildings completed in 1925
Christchurch Central City
1920s architecture in New Zealand

Public Trust Building, Christchurch


"Beautiful Boys" is a song written by Yoko Ono that was first released on Ono's and John Lennon's 1980 album Double Fantasy.  It was later released as the B-side of Lennon's #1 single "Woman."

The first verse of "Beautiful Boys" is directed at Ono and Lennon's young son Sean, culminating in the line "don't be afraid to cry."  On the album this comes off as a companion piece to Lennon's song "Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy)," which Lennon directed to Sean.  The second verse is directed at her husband John, with lines such as "your mind has changed the world."  Finally the last verse is directed at all men and she tells them not to be afraid to "go to hell and back" as they go through life.  Music critic Johnny Rogan sees this line as encouraging exploration and notes that the last line "don't be afraid to be afraid" serves as a "gentle warning."  Lennon said of this line:
I'm not afraid to be afraid, though it's always scary.  But it's more painful to try not to be yourself.  People spend a lot of time trying to be someone else.

The last verse is sung over backward noises and sounds that give the verse an "uneasy atmosphere," according to music lecturers Ben Urish and Ken Bielen.  Urish and Bielen see the last verse as a response to "Woman," which in their view Lennon directed towards all women.

Beatle biographer John Blaney also sees this song as a companion to "Woman" stating that "Ono's analysis of her relationship with Lennon was insightful and honest.  It flattered and encouraged, expressing everything that a loving wife would wish for her husband."  Urish and Bielen contrast this song, which challenges people "to accept that a well-lived life will have heartbreak and danger" with Lennon's songs on the album whose themes are reassurance and acceptance.  Music journalist Charles Shaar Murray similarly stated that Ono's verse about Lennon showed that "her love and admiration for her husband are considerably more clear-eyed than his for her; he writes about her as an omnipotent, benevolent, life-giving Natural Force; she writes about him as a gifted human who is still a child."  Rogan feels that the verse about Lennon reveals an interesting aspect of his psychology with the line "You got all you can carry/And still feel somehow empty."  Ono biographer Jerry Hopkins sees the first two verses as illustrating that Sean and John are much alike despite Sean being 4 years old when the song was written while John was 39.  Tom Sowa of The Spokesman-Review described the song as a "tender, melancholic comment with a light musical touch."  Orlando Sentinel critic Noel Holston regarded "Beautiful Boys" as the most beautiful song on the entire album.  New Musical Express critics Roy Carr and Tony Tyler describe "Beautiful Boys" as "an eerie lament which is not so much a gloomy feminist assessment as an instinctive matriarch's perception of 'Man-as-child.'"

In an interview with Playboy Ono said of the song  that:
It is a message to men.  John and Sean inspired me, but the third verse is about all the beautiful boys of the world. That's sort of like the extension of the idea.  I had relationships with men, but it was always "You know where the door is."  I didn't really trouble to find out what their needs were, what their pains were.  With John, that changed. He found out my pain, and I had to find out his pain...The world consists of men and women—there is no denying that.  It is important men and women recognize each other and work with each other.  It's really a message to men—reaching out to men to understand.

Keyboardist George Small stated that he regarded "Beautiful Boys" as the most avant garde song on Double Fantasy because of Hugh McCracken's "flamenco, Spanish-flavored guitar solo," as well as some backwards guitar that reminded him of Beatles' songs such as "I'm Only Sleeping."  Assistant engineer Jon Smith stated that they incorporated sound effects from Star Wars battles into the song.  Originally they did so by playing the movie soundtrack through noise gates that were triggered to turn on when drummer Andy Newmark hit his tom-toms, thus timing the sound effects to the drums.  Ono thought this ruined the mood of the song and so they simply left the sound effects low in the mix without timing the them to the drums.

References

1980 songs
Song recordings produced by John Lennon
Song recordings produced by Yoko Ono
Yoko Ono songs
Songs written by Yoko Ono
Song recordings produced by Jack Douglas (record producer)
1981 singles
Geffen Records singles
Music of Star Wars

Beautiful Boys


Andrew Matthew Reid (born 29 July 1982) is an Irish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He turned professional in August 1999 making his debut for Nottingham Forest on 29 November 2000 against Sheffield United. Reid moved from Forest to Tottenham in 2005, then to Charlton Athletic in 2006, Sunderland in 2008 and Blackpool in 2011. In July 2011 he signed a two-year deal back at Nottingham Forest. He has also represented the Republic of Ireland internationally.

Personal life
Reid was born in Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland. He went to school at Synge Street CBS, Dublin. Football was in his blood as his father Bill played for St Patrick's Athletic and his uncle Victor played for Shelbourne.

He started his footballing career with Irish youth clubs –  Lourdes Celtic and Cherry Orchard. He turned down Manchester United and Arsenal to sign for Nottingham Forest.

Openly declared a socialist, Andy has a Che Guevara tattoo on his left arm, and a James Connolly tattoo on his right arm.

Club career

Nottingham Forest
Reid started his career with the Nottingham Forest youth academy, after joining from Cherry Orchard. Reid said "I chose Forest years ago because they made me feel wanted, because they had more time for me as a young kid than I felt at Arsenal or United". He turned professional in August 1999, and scored on his first team debut on 29 November 2000 against Sheffield United. In the 2001–02 season Reid failed to score a goal, although he played in 31 games.

He eventually scored a goal on 15 May 2003 against Sheffield United in the 2003 Football League Division One play-off semi-final, although Nottingham Forest lost the match 4–3. (5–4 on aggregate). He scored two goals in the 3–1 win over Coventry City on 27 August 2003. Reid then scored 13 goals in the 2003–04 season, finishing as Nottingham Forest's top scorer of the season, and named in the PFA Division One Team of the Year.

He handed in a transfer request at the start of August 2004 saying "I feel I have no other choice than to formally state my desire to leave the club". Reid left the Nottinghamshire club having scored 21 goals in 144 appearances.

Tottenham Hotspur
After protracted negotiations, lasting for the bulk of his last season at the club, Reid completed his move from Forest to Tottenham on the last day of the January 2005 transfer window. He was joined by Michael Dawson for a combined fee of £8 million. He made his debut in a 3–1 win over Portsmouth on 5 February 2005, with Martin Jol saying "Andy Reid also did well on his debut, and you worry a bit how new players will cope with the Premiership".

Despite a promising start Reid failed to recapture the form he had shown at Forest and had to wait until May before netting for his new club, coming against Aston Villa in a 5–1 win at the end of the season. Making only 20 starts in 26 appearances he scored just one goal for Tottenham leading him to be listed by one journalist as one of the worst signings of the January Transfer market.

Charlton Athletic
Reid joined Charlton Athletic for a fee of around £3 million in August 2006. He scored his first goal for Charlton against Everton on 25 November 2006. Charlton were relegated at the end of the season to the Championship. Reid scored both goals against Norwich City in a 2–0 win in September 2007, from two penalties in the space of two minutes.  "The captain Andy Reid was brilliant, he was driving us on all night", Alan Pardew said about his performance that day. Reid's form had not gone unnoticed and he was eventually sold having played 40 games and scored 9 goals in all competitions during his two seasons at Charlton.

Sunderland
At the end of January 2008, on the last day of the transfer window, Reid joined Sunderland in a three and a half-year deal worth £5m, making the step back up to the Premier League. Sunderland's Greg Halford went in the other direction in a six-month loan spell as part of the deal. Reid explained that he wanted Sunderland to be challenging for European places, and will not be happy fighting relegation season-after-season.

He made his début at the start of February 2008 against Wigan Athletic, coming on as a 74th-minute substitute and assisted Daryl Murphy by playing a cross field pass for him to score a  goal.

Reid scored his first goal for Sunderland at the end of March in a 2–1 win over West Ham United, his 95th minute volley earning Sunderland their first back-to-back Premier League victory since December 2001. He scored his first goal of the 2008–09 campaign with a header in a 4–0 win over West Bromwich Albion. Reid scored his first goals of the 2009/2010 campaign with a brace against Norwich City in the League Cup – where Sunderland went on to win 4–1. His impressive display won him man of the match. Reid then scored his first Premier League goal of the season in a 4–1 win over Hull City, he also provided the cross which led to a Kamil Zayatte own goal to make it 4–1 to Sunderland.

After drifting out of first team contention Reid joined Sheffield United on a month's loan at the end of October 2010, with Sheffield manager Gary Speed stating "he is of undoubted Premier League quality and therefore a good addition to the squad." He made his début for the Blades a few days later, coming on as a second-half substitute against Coventry City. Reid went on to score his first goal for the Blades on in mid November to help secure the team a 1–0 victory at Millwall. After two months at Bramall Lane Reid was hit by a three match ban following an incident at Carrow Road in a game against Norwich and so returned early to his parent club. He left Bramall Lane having played nine times and scored two goals for the South Yorkshire club.

Blackpool
On 31 January 2011, Reid joined Blackpool on a deal until the end of the season. Struggling to make an impact on the first team he made only five appearances for the Bloomfield Road team before being released at the end of May following Blackpool's relegation from the Premier League.

Return to Nottingham Forest
On 1 July 2011, Nottingham Forest announced the signing of Reid on a two-year deal, returning to the club where he started his career. He became Steve McClaren's first signing since joining the club as manager. Following his return to Forest, Reid became an integral part of the squad, providing goals and assists on a regular basis. On 5 January 2014, Billy Davies said Reid had signed a contract extension of two-and-a-half years to remain at Nottingham Forest until the summer of 2016.

Despite the club ending the 2013-14 Championship season in eleventh place and missing a number of games through injury, Reid scored ten goals in thirty-six games in all competitions. This led to him being named Forest's Player of the Year for the second time, as well as being named in the PFA Championship Team of the Year.

Having been an ever-present in Forest's starting XI in the 2014–15 Football League Championship, Reid came off with injury in the forty-third minute of their home-tie against local rivals Derby County on 14 September 2014. Reid would not play again until 17 August 2015, when he made his return from injury for Forest's under-21 side.

On 13 March 2016, Reid's manager Dougie Freedman was sacked and replaced by first team coach Paul Williams. The following day, Reid accepted a coaching role assisting Williams until the end of the 2015–16 season. Although he was yet to feature for the club that season due to injury, Reid still harboured hopes of playing again and told Forest Player HD "I'm going to be coupling this with my rehab – I had my operation four weeks ago – and I'm still trying to get back".

In July 2016, Reid announced his retirement from football due to long-term injury problems.

International career
Reid was part of the team that won the U16 Nordic Cup on 8 August 1998 and scored in the final win over England. He has also appeared for the Republic of Ireland Under-21 team where he played 15 games and scored 4 goals, and also for the Republic of Ireland senior team where he has made 27 appearances and scored 4 goals.

He débuted for the Republic of Ireland national football team in a 3–0 win over Canada. The first of his international goals was a  free kick against Bulgaria on 18 November 2003. His first international goal in a competitive game saw him score a  shot from open play against Cyprus in a World Cup qualifier on 18 August 2004.

He also scored a consolation goal in a 2–1 friendly defeat by Italy on 17 August 2005. He also opened up the scoring in the last game at Lansdowne Road before redevelopment, a game in which Ireland won 5–0 against San Marino on 15 November 2006. He provided an assist with a low through ball for Robbie Keane in a 4–0 victory against Denmark in a friendly on 22 August 2007. Reid said that ex-Republic of Ireland manager, Steve Staunton, should not have been sacked. Reid explained, "I do not believe they should have done it. I believe he should have been given more time".

Reid fell out of favour with Ireland's previous manager, Giovanni Trapattoni, since the pair had a late night dispute in 2008 at the team hotel in Wiesbaden.

After a five-year exile from international football, interim manager Noel King recalled Reid to the Irish squad for the qualifiers against Germany and Kazakhstan. Reid spoke of his gratitude for King for recalling him to the Ireland squad fearing that the opportunity would not come along again to play for his country. On 15 October 2013, Reid made his return in an Irish jersey against Kazakhstan playing 75 mins before being replaced by Aiden McGeady in a 3–1 win in Dublin.

Coaching career
On 10 January 2020, Nottingham Forest announced that Reid had returned to the club as academy technical coach for the U-23s. On 18 January 2021, Reid was appointed the head coach of Forest's Under 23s side following Chris Cohen's departure in September 2020.

Career statistics

Club

International
Source:

International goals
Scores and results list Republic of Ireland's goal tally first.

Honours
Republic of Ireland U16
UEFA European Under-16 Championship: 1998

Individual
PFA Team of the Year: 2003–04 First Division, 2013–14 Championship

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Association footballers from Dublin (city)
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Republic of Ireland men's youth international footballers
Republic of Ireland men's under-21 international footballers
Republic of Ireland men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Cherry Orchard F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
People educated at Synge Street CBS
Republic of Ireland expatriate men's association footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
Irish expatriate sportspeople in England
People from Crumlin, Dublin
Association football coaches
Nottingham Forest F.C. non-playing staff

Andy Reid (Irish footballer)


The World Nuclear Industry Status Report is a yearly report about the global challenges facing the nuclear power industry. The reports show that the share of nuclear-generated electricity in the overall global energy production has decreased in the 2000s. Nuclear power now accounts for about 13 percent of the world's electricity generation and 5.5 percent of primary energy.

2010-11 report
The World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2010-2011 is authored by Mycle Schneider, Antony Froggatt, and Steve Thomas and published by the Washington-based Worldwatch Institute. The foreword is written by Amory Lovins.

According to the report, the international nuclear power industry has been unable to stop the slow decline of nuclear energy. The world's reactor fleet is aging quickly and not enough new units are coming online. As of April 1, 2011, there were 437 nuclear reactors operating in the world, which was seven fewer than in 2002. The Olkiluoto plant has had particular problems:
The flagship EPR project at Olkiluoto in Finland, managed by the largest nuclear builder in the world, AREVA NP, has turned into a financial fiasco. The project is four years behind schedule and at least 90 percent over budget, reaching a total cost estimate of €5.7 billion ($8.3 billion) or close to €3,500 ($5,000) per kilowatt.

The report says that the  Fukushima I nuclear accidents have made things more difficult for nuclear energy. There is "no obvious sign that the international nuclear industry could eventually turn empirically evident downward trend into a promising future", and the Fukushima nuclear disaster is likely to accelerate the decline. With long lead times of 10 years and more, it will be difficult to maintain, let alone increase, the number of operating nuclear power plants over the next 20 years. Moreover, says the report, it is clear that nuclear power development cannot keep up with the pace of renewable energy commercialization.

References

Other websites
The End of Nuclear , Worldwatch Institute, 2011.

Books about nuclear issues

World Nuclear Industry Status Report


Dantes Diwiak (born in Slovenia) is a classical tenor, who grew up and has worked mostly in Germany.

Career

Dantes Diwiak studied singing with Klaus Kirchner and opera at the Musikhochschule Hannover with Theo Altmeyer. He took master classes with Hermann Reutter, Birgit Nilsson, Helmuth Rilling and Scot Weir. He was a member of the Staatsoper Hannover and the opera houses of Bremen and Oldenburg.

Diwiak sang the part of the Evangelist in Bach's Passions also in Moscow, France, Syria and Israel, among others. He has collaborated with the choir MarkusChor Hannover and the Staatsorchester in concerts and services. In 1982, he performed with them the Oratorio de Noël of Camille Saint-Saëns, in 1983 he participated in Rossinis Petite messe solennelle as part of the Kirchentag, also in Weber's Missa sancta No. 1 in E flat major. In 1989, he sang in Haydn's Die Schöpfung with the Harburger Kantorei in the St. Johanniskirche in Harburg, Hamburg. In the Neustädter Kirche, Hannover, he sang in choral concerts, in 1986 Stravinsky's Canticum sacrum, in 1988 Stravinsky's Cantata and Mozart's Great Mass in C minor, in 1990 Bach's Mass in B minor, in 1991 he was the Evangelist in the St Matthew Passion in the last concert conducted by Erhard Egidi, together with Anselm Richter, Monika Frimmer, Ralf Popken and Joachim Gebhardt. In 1994, a concert of the Mass in B minor in the Peterskirche in Heidelberg was recorded. Gerald Kegelmann conducted the Heidelberger Madrigalchor, the Accademia Filarmonica Köln and the Trumpet Consort , Veronika Winter, Kai Wessel and Raimund Nolte.

In 2007, Diwiak performed with the MarkusChor Hannover Haydn's Paukenmesse, Mozart's Krönungsmesse and Mendelssohn's Elias. With the choir Nordschleswigsche Musikvereinigung he performed among others in 2009 Haydn's Missa in angustiis and Bach's cantata Erschallet, ihr Lieder, erklinget, ihr Saiten! BWV 172.

In 2002, Diwiak founded together with Monika Frimmer, Christa Bonhoff and Peter Kooy a quartet Tanto Canto to sing rarely performed music a cappella, with piano or with ensemble. The quartet recorded in 2005 excerpts from the collections Augsburger Tafel-Confect (short for: Ohren-vergnügendes und Gemüth-ergötzendes Tafel-Confect, in English: Augsburg Table Confectionery, Pleasuring the Ears and Delightful to the Soul) of the composers Valentin Rathgeber and Johann Caspar Seyfert. In 2010, he appeared in a concert of the Universität Hamburg in the oratorio Die Glocke of Max Bruch. In November 2010, he was the tenor soloist in Verdi's Messa da Requiem in St. Martin, Idstein.

Dantes Diwiak is married to the contralto Christa Bonhoff.

References

External links

German operatic tenors
Living people
Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover alumni
20th-century births
Year of birth missing (living people)

Dantes Diwiak