Alva is an unincorporated community in north central Crook County, Wyoming, United States. It lies along WYO 24, 34.9 miles north of the town of Sundance, the county seat of Crook County and 9.7 miles away from Hulett. Its elevation is 3,993 feet (1,217 m), and it is located at  (44.694707, -104.441342). Although Alva is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 82711. Population is 50.

Public education in the community of Alva is provided by Crook County School District #1.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Alva has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

References

Unincorporated communities in Crook County, Wyoming
Unincorporated communities in Wyoming

Alva, Wyoming


The Melrose Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.  At the time of its nomination it consisted of 134 resources, which included 112 contributing buildings, one contributing site, 20 non-contributing buildings, and one non-contributing structure.  This neighborhood first developed as a sparsely populated rural area, and between World War I and World War II developed into an automobile suburb.  It grew along with the University of Iowa when it expanded to the west side of the Iowa River, and it borders the large University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics complex.  Among the prominent people who lived here was Howard Jones who coached the Iowa football team from 1916 to 1923.  Other prominent residents included professors and local professionals and politicians.

The houses in the neighborhood vary in size from large multi-story, ornamented structures to those that are more modest in scale.  They also reflect the styles that were popular in the city at the time it was transformed from a largely rural area to a suburban area. The street patterns vary from curvilinear, to cul-de-sac, to grid patterns and a major town and country highway. The district also includes Brookland Park.  The Billingsley-Hills House (1870) and the A.W. Pratt House (1885) were individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

References

Historic districts in Iowa City, Iowa
National Register of Historic Places in Iowa City, Iowa
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa
Italianate architecture in Iowa
Colonial Revival architecture in Iowa

Melrose Historic District (Iowa City, Iowa)


The Three Musketeers is a musical with a book by William Anthony McGuire, lyrics by Clifford Grey and P. G. Wodehouse, and music by Rudolf Friml. It is based on the classic 1844 novel by Alexandre Dumas, père.  Set in France and England in 1626, it recounts the adventures of a young man named d'Artagnan after he leaves home to become a Musketeer of the Guard. The three men of the title are his friends Athos, Porthos and Aramis.

The original 1928 production on Broadway, and a 1930 West End run, both starring Dennis King as d'Artagnan, were successful, but a 1984 attempt at a much-revised Broadway revival flopped.

Plot synopsis
In early 17th century France, the poor but virile d'Artagnan travels to Paris to join the Musketeers (the King's bodyguard).  He meets and falls in love with Lady Constance Bonacieux, a lady-in-waiting to Queen Anne.  Meanwhile, Cardinal Richelieu learns that the Queen has given a diamond heart brooch, which was a present to her from the King, as a token of love to the Duke of Buckingham.  Richelieu suggests that the King ask the Queen to wear it at a planned royal gala. Richelieu dispatches the Comte de Rochefort and Milady de Winter to London to recover the gem, which he plans to unveil at the gala in order to reveal that the Queen has been unfaithful.

The Queen asks her lady-in-waiting, Constance Bonacieux, to involve the Musketeers in the jewel's speedy recovery so that she might foil the plot.  But when the Musketeers reach London, they are too late: Lady de Winter has arrived first.  D'Artagnan uses his seductive charms upon Milady de Winter and steals the bauble.  After a rousing sword fight, the Musketeers kill de Rochefort and rush back to Paris just in time to bring the jewel to the gala.  King Louis fastens it to the Queen's shoulder just as he did when he first gave it to her.

Musical numbers

Act I
Summer Time – Villagers
All for One – Aramis, Athos and Porthos
The 'He' for Me – Constance, Girls, Aramis, Athos and Porthos
My Sword – D'Artagnan and Company
Heart of Mine – D'Artagnan and Constance
My Sword and I – D'Artagnan and Villagers
Vesper Bell – The Pensionaires
Dreams – Queen Anne
Te Deum – D'Artagnan and Nuns
March of the Musketeers – D'Artagnan, Athos, Porthos, Aramis and Musketeers
Colonel and Major – Planchet and Girls
Love is the Sun – Queen Anne, Constance and The Duke of Buckingham
Heart of Mine (reprise) – Constance and D'Artagnan
Welcome to the Queen – Ladies and Courtiers

Act II
With Red Wine – Porthos and Company
My Belle – Aramis
Kiss Before I Go – Constance and D'Artagnan
Pages – Albertina Rasch Dancers
Queen of My Heart – The Duke of Buckingham
Gossip – Planchet and Ladies
Until We Say Goodbye – Constance Bonacieux

The 1984 revival deleted many of the original songs, added other Friml songs, and moved others to different positions in the story.

Productions
Original production
The original Broadway production was produced by Florenz Ziegfeld, directed by librettist McGuire, and choreographed by Albertina Rasch. It opened on March 13, 1928 at the Lyric Theatre and ran for 318 performances. The cast included Dennis King as d'Artagnan, Douglass R. Dumbrille as Athos, Detmar Poppen as Porthos, Joseph Macaulay as Aramis, Clarence Derwent as Louis XIII of France, Vivienne Segal as Constance Bonacieux, and Reginald Owen as Cardinal Richelieu.

1930 West End
King reprised his role for a 1930 West End production at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane that ran for 242 performances.  The cast also included Marie Ney as Lady De Winter, Jerry Verno as Planchet, Webster Booth as The Duke of Buckingham and Arthur Wontner as Cardinal Richelieu.

1984 Broadway
A 1984 revival with a new book by Mark Bramble was directed by Tom O'Horgan, but shortly before opening, Joe Layton replaced O'Horgan. The dance choreography was by Lester Wilson. After 15 previews, it opened on November 11 at The Broadway Theatre.  It closed after just 9 performances despite a cast that included Michael Praed as d'Artagnan, Chuck Wagner as Athos, Ron Taylor as Porthos, Brent Spiner as Aramis, Roy Brocksmith as Louis XIII, Liz Callaway as Lady Constance Bonacieux, Marianne Tatum as Milady de Winter and Ed Dixon as Cardinal Richelieu.  Tatum was nominated for the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical.  In his review in The New York Times, Frank Rich commented:
"The Three Musketeers is a good-natured attempt to jazz up Rudolf Friml's Dumas-inspired operetta ... much as the New York Shakespeare Festival retooled The Pirates of Penzance a few seasons ago. But this time the source material is many rungs below Gilbert and Sullivan – and the new accouterments add no wit, style, sexiness or show-biz dazzle. ...  Mark Bramble['s]... idea of writing a musical book ... is to minimize the book. The baroque plot of The Three Musketeers is so frenetically and confusingly conveyed that no child is likely to understand who the Duke of Buckingham is, or why Cardinal Richelieu is such a pill, or why everyone is chasing after a diamond brooch throughout Act II. ... The title characters ... often seem like interchangeable stand-ins for the Three Stooges. ... Joe Layton has tried to give the show the illusion of excitement by staging it at a frantic pace and by sending the actors running up and down the aisles ... [but] everyone seems to be scurrying pointlessly about just to keep busy. After a while, the company begins to look like a road troupe of Camelot on amphetamines."

2010 and 2011 South Korea
A South Korean production ran from December 15, 2010 to mid-January 2011 starring Kyuhyun and Jay "Typhoon" Kim rotating as D'Artagnan, along with Dana Hong at Chungmu Arts Hall in Seoul. Another production ran from November 3, 2011 to late December 2011, starring Heo Young-saeng and Oh Won-bin alternating as D'Artagnan.

References

External links

1928 musicals
Broadway musicals
Compositions by Rudolf Friml
Musicals based on novels
West End musicals
Works based on The Three Musketeers
Cultural depictions of Cardinal Richelieu
Cultural depictions of Louis XIII
Musicals based on works by Alexandre Dumas
Musicals set in Paris
Musicals set in the 17th century

The Three Musketeers (musical)


Tudor Petrov-Popa (born 1963) is a Moldovan-born Romanian politician, arrested in Tiraspol in June 1992 by the Transnistrian separatists.

Biography
Petrov-Popa was a Soviet army veteran of the war in Afghanistan who was convicted together with four other men in the so-called Ilașcu Group for acts of terrorism including assassination by the separatist authorities of Transnistria. The trials in 1993 were considered by many human rights groups as unfair and lacking in due process. Adding to this impression were the clearly political aspects, in that Petrov-Popa and Ivanţoc as well as the others were Romanian unionists.

On 9 December 1993, the Supreme Court of Transnistria found him guilty of murdering a representative of the State with the aim of spreading terror, unauthorised use and theft of ammunition or explosives, and assault. He was sentenced to 15 years in prison.

All members of the Ilașcu Group are believed to have been tortured, subjected to mock executions, psychotropic substances, and forced to sign confessions.

Petrov-Popa, Ivanţoc and the others of their group were Romanian unionists who campaigned for unification of Romania and Moldova.

In 2004 the European Court of Human Rights ruled that Moldova and Russia should end his detention as well as the detention of the other political hostages in Transnistria, but the Transnistrian authorities did not comply. He was finally released on June 4, 2007.

He is a leader of the Democratic Forum of Romanians in Moldova.

References

External links
The Ilaşcu Trial - White Paper of the Romanian Helsinki Committee - 1992
Hostages of Russian state terrorism in Moldova - 2003
US Department of State - Moldova, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices  - 2000

1963 births
Living people
Romanian people of Moldovan descent
Transnistrian people
Moldovan people convicted of murder
People convicted of murder by Transnistria
Romanian people convicted of murder
Moldovan activists
Ilașcu Group
Recipients of the Order of the Republic (Moldova)
Popular Front of Moldova politicians
Politics of Transnistria
History of Transnistria since 1991

Tudor Petrov-Popa


The Limeliters are an American folk music group, formed in July 1959 by Lou Gottlieb (bass violin/bass), Alex Hassilev (banjo/baritone), and Glenn Yarbrough (guitar/tenor). The group was active from 1959 until 1965, and then after a hiatus of sixteen years, Yarbrough, Hassilev, and Gottlieb reunited and began performing again as The Limeliters in reunion tours.  On a regular basis a continuation of The Limeliters group is still active and performing.  Gottlieb died in 1996 (age 72), Yarbrough died in 2016 (age 86), and Hassilev (born 1932), the last founding member, who had remained active in the group,  retired in 2006, leaving the group to carry on without any of the original members.

Origins
Gottlieb performed with the Gateway Singers in the mid-1950s but moved to California to complete his PhD in musicology. Later when he was working as an arranger for the Kingston Trio, Gottlieb was in the audience one night when Alex Hassilev and Glenn Yarbrough appeared on stage to sing a duet together at the Cosmo Alley Coffee Shop in Hollywood. Gottlieb originally suggested that the three of them work together to arrange some material for the Kingston Trio, but they discovered their voices blended well and decided to try to get work on the folk circuit. Journalist John Puccio wrote: "They had the uncanny knack of making three voices sound like six...and thanks to their velvet harmonies making a trio sound like a choir."

They went to Aspen, Colorado, to work at a club called "The Limelite", which Yarbrough and Hassilev had purchased after singing there during the previous ski season. After a short period of perfecting their act, they set off for the "hungry i" in San Francisco, which at the time was the  California nerve center for the mushrooming contemporary folk movement. The owner had just had a group with three long names strung together and was not about to put "Yarbrough, Hassilev, and Gottlieb" up on the marquee.  But the group had not yet decided on a name.  They chose "The Limeliters".

After a strong showing at the Hungry i, they signed with Elektra Records and released their first self-titled album in 1960, and later signed with the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Their first RCA effort, Tonight in Person, recorded live at the Ash Grove in Hollywood, reached number five on the Billboard album chart.  Writing in the All Music Guide, Cary Ginell noted "this album is a winner all the way and one of the shining examples of the best of the urban folk revival of the early '60s".

The reissue in 1961 of their earlier Elektra album made the top 40 and spent 18 weeks on the charts. Their third release, The Slightly Fabulous Limeliters, made the top ten in the same year, charting for 36 weeks. Another album with staying power was one of folk songs for children of all ages, Through Children's Eyes. It remained charted for 29 weeks and peaked at #25.
Although they did not have a true chart-topping hit record at the time, they were well known for their repertoire of rousing songs including such as "There's a Meetin' Here Tonight", "City of New Orleans", "A Dollar Down" (their only charting single, peaking at #60 in 1961), "Have Some Madeira M'Dear", "Lonesome Traveler", "Wabash Cannonball", "Whiskey in the Jar", and many others which are performed on their more than 25 record albums and in their concerts.

The Limeliters featured in a number of television commercials including their rendition of the jingle, "Things Go Better with Coke" which became a national hit, and other commercial work for L&M cigarettes. The group also toured extensively with a range of performers including stand-up comic Mort Sahl and jazz singer Chris Connor and made appearances on the TV show Hootenanny. Gottlieb recalled that "we were singing for Coca-Cola...the record royalties were good...so it was a very profitable thing." At this time their personal appearances totaled more than 300 performances a year.

In 1963 they sang several songs for the film McLintock!

The group's career nearly came to an end in 1962 when they suffered a plane crash in Provo, Utah while on tour.

The Limeliters break up
Yarbrough left the group in 1963. Gottlieb and Hassilev continued the Limeliters but only as a recording act, recruiting former Gateway Singers tenor Ernie Sheldon as Yarbrough's replacement. Sheldon wrote the lyrics for what became Yarbrough's biggest solo hit, "Baby the Rain Must Fall".

When the trio's RCA Victor contract expired in 1965, Gottlieb and Hassilev formally retired the act. By then Yarbrough was a successful soloist on records and in concert. Hassilev became a producer with his own recording studio and pressing plant, while Gottlieb headed the Morningstar Commune on a ranch he purchased near San Francisco.

The group re-formed briefly in 1968 to record an album for Warner Bros. Records.

The Limeliters return
During the 1970s, the Limeliters embarked on a series of yearly reunion tours with Yarbrough.  Stax Records released a reunion recording in 1974, and in 1976 the group released two concert albums on their own Brass Dolphin Records.  These were so successful that in 1981, Hassilev and Gottlieb decided to reform the group and to get back into the mainstream of entertainment. With the addition of tenor Red Grammer and John David  they again began performing. Around 1981 they were joined by multi-instrumentalist Fred Sokolow and pianist Jay Snyder. This iteration of the group did a month long tour of Israel.

After eight productive years, Grammer left the group to pursue a solo career as a children's artist. In 1990, he was replaced by another tenor, Rick Dougherty, whose wide-ranging musical background and bright stage presence brought a fresh dimension to the group.

Gottlieb's death in 1996 saw his high baritone part taken up by a former Kingston Trio member, Bill Zorn.

In 2003, Zorn and Dougherty left the group to join The Kingston Trio (until 2017) and in early 2004, tenor Mack Bailey and comedian baritone Andy Corwin joined the group. In 2006, Hassilev retired and left the band. Soon afterward, Gaylan Taylor joined in 2006. In 2012, Don Marovich joined up with the Limeliters, but in 2019 he joined the Kingston Trio.

Glenn Yarbrough died from complications of dementia in Nashville, Tennessee on August 11, 2016, at the age of 86.

Impact on the music scene
The Limeliters  have been described as a folk group who managed to "successfully integrate smooth harmonies, light political satire and general humor into a national spotlight...[and]...at a time when popular music was beginning to gain an edge, the music of the Limeliters portrayed a simpler, jollier America where educated wisecracks and sing-alongs could suffice as entertainment." Another music critic said that the group were unique because their individual vocal talents were never lost while singing together and  Gottlieb as MC, [peppered] "the act with scholarly witticisms, wry asides and zany non sequiturs." It has been noted that the Limeliters were recognized more for albums than singles, and became widely known after their shift to RCA Victor which resulted in many of their successful albums.

Reviewing a performance by the group in 1981, Harry Sumrall in The Washington Post, said [that] "a strong gust of musical nostalgia blew into town last night, straight out of the hootenanny days of the early '60s...[and]...there are those cantankerous, persnickety souls who would say that '60s folk was the nadir of American music - and they would be right. But folk is also entertaining and downright fun. And in both senses, the Limeliters were true to the style."

Journalist T.W. McGarry observed in the Los Angeles Times that in 1985 the Limeliters were still the biggest names to appear in a series of Sunday night folk concerts called Bound for Glory. However, there was a time when no "100-seat lounge, like the bar at the Sportsmen's Lodge, could afford to book the trio, one of the most popular groups in the heyday of folk music in the late 1950s and early '60s." In the same article, Gottlieb was quoted as saying [with regard to folk music] "if there is a common denominator in this music, it is that it is primarily acoustic, with almost no electrically amplified instruments, and 80% of it was composed by the performers."
The Limeliters were contemporaries of the Kingston Trio in their style and level of popularity and were one of the top touring college acts in America that "helped mold the folk style and genre for a generation." In 2015 Andy Corwin told the Kokomo Tribune that the vocal harmonies and sense of humour of the group had not changed and live performances were like a party to which the audience was invited. He noted that "we do this because we love it and love passing the music on... a continuation of an act that's been around for 56 years. The comedy we throw in is intended to keep things lively and moving along."

In 2021, it was noted that for over fifty years, the Limeliters had entertained "standing-room-only crowds with their incredible musical talent and zany sense of humor...[and]... with different configurations over the years, the group has preserved their signature vocal sound", and were still regarded as one of the most "exciting and entertaining vocal acts touring the country."

Discography

Albums

 1960 — The Limeliters [Later re-released as Their First Historic Album]—Elektra
 1961 — Tonight: In Person — RCA Victor (Live)
 1961 — The Slightly Fabulous Limeliters — RCA Victor (Live)
 1962 — Sing Out! — RCA Victor
 1962 — Through Children's Eyes (Little-Folk Songs for Adults) — RCA Victor (Live)
 1962 — Folk Matinee — RCA Victor
 1963 — Makin' a Joyful Noise — RCA Victor
 1963 — Our Men in San Francisco — RCA Victor (Live)
 1963 — Fourteen 14K Folk Songs — RCA Victor (Studio album)
 1964 — More of Everything! — RCA Victor (Studio album)
 1965 — Leave It to the Limeliters — RCA Victor (Studio album)
 1965 — Limeliters Look at Love in Depth — RCA Victor
 1965 — London Concert — RCA Victor (Live, recorded in 1963)
 1968 — Time to Gather Seeds — Warner Bros. (Studio album)
 1968 — Those Were the Days — RCA Victor (Studio album)
 1974 — Reunion - Glenn Yarbrough and The Limeliters — Stax
 1976 — Reunion, Vol. 1 — Brass Dolphin
 1976 — Reunion, Vol. 2 — Brass Dolphin
 1977 — Pure Gold — RCA
 1982 — Alive in Concert, Vol. 1 — GNP (Live)
 1985 — Alive in Concert, Vol. 2 — GNP (Live)
 1987 — Best of the Limeliters — (RCA Special Products).
 1987 — Harmony! — West Knoll (Live)
 1989 — Potpourri — West Knoll
 1990 — Singing for the Fun — GNP
 1990 — A Mighty Day! — West Knoll
 1991 — Joy Across the Land — West Knoll (Live)
 1992 — Global Carnival — West Knoll
 1999 — Until We Get it Right — Limeliter Productions
 2000 — The Complete RCA Singles Collection — Taragon/RCA/BMG
 2000 — The Chicago Tapes - First Set August 13, 1976 Concert — Folk Era (Live)
 2000 — The Chicago Tapes - Second Set August 14, 1976 Concert — Folk Era (Live)
 2004 — Live In Paradise — Limeliter Productions
 2007 — Right From the Start — (CDBaby)

Compilations and box sets
 1964 — Best of the Limeliters [RCA Victor] — RCA — Mix
 1993 — Best of the Limeliters [Essex] — Essex
 1996 — Two Classic Albums from the Limeliters: The Fabulous Limeliters and Sing Out!
 1997 — 36 All-Time Greatest Hits (3-CD Set)' — RCA/BMG
 2000 — Two Classic Albums from the Limeliters: Our Men in San Francisco and London Concert

Singles
 "The Hammer Song" b/w "Charlie, The Midnight Marauder"; Elektra EKSN-45-8
 "A Dollar Down" b/w "When Twice the Moon Has Come and Gone"; RCA Victor 47-7859 (with picture sleeve)
 "A Hundred Years Ago" b/w "Paco Peco"; RCA Victor 47-7913
 "Red Roses and White Wine" b/w "Milk and Honey" (from the Broadway musical Milk and Honey); RCA Victor 47–7942.
This 45 was also commercially issued as RCA Victor Compact 33 Single 37–7942; it was a 7" vinyl record, but played at 33 rpm.
 "Just an Honest Mistake" (from the production "Let it Ride") b/w "Jonah"; RCA Victor 47-7966
 "I Had a Mule" b/w "The Riddle Song"; RCA Victor 47-8069
 "Who Will Buy?" (from the Broadway musical Oliver) b/w "Funk"; RCA Victor 47-8094 (with picture sleeve)
 "The Midnight Special" b/w "McLintock's Theme (Love In The Country)" from the U.A. Badjac Production "McLintock", RCA Victor 47-8255
 "No Man is an Island" b/w "A Casinha Pequenina (Little House)"; RCA Victor 47-8361
 "Rose" b/w "Seventeen Wives"; RCA Victor 47-8535
 "A Hundred Men" b/w "Cold December (In Your Heart)"; Warner Bros.-Seven Arts Records 7177 (credited to "The Limeliters with Glenn Yarbrough")
 "Time to Gather Seeds" b/w "The Importance of The Rose"; Warner Bros.-Seven Arts Records 7254
 "Consider It Done" b/w "A Pound of Peaches" (Summer's Here); Morningstar MSR-1 (with picture sleeve reading "The Limeliters spring 1973; The Limeliters spring 1963")
 "I See America" b/w "Holy Creation"; STAX Records 0185 (credited to Glenn Yarbrough)
 "American Tour" b/w "Right From the Start"; West Knoll Records WK-1001
 "Beautiful Fantasy" b/w "Heart Full of Love"; West Knoll Records WK-1002

References

External links
Limeliters official site

Musical groups established in 1959
American folk musical groups
Musical trios from California
RCA Records artists
Elektra Records artists
Warner Records artists
1959 establishments in California
Stax Records artists

The Limeliters


Cohesion, cohesive attraction, or cohesive force is a physical property of an object.  It happens because of intermolecular attraction between like-molecules.

Cohesion holds hydrogen bonds together to create surface tension on water. Since water is attracted to other molecules, adhesive forces pull the water toward other molecules.

Chemical bonding

Cohesion (chemistry)


D'Agostini Winery refers to both a winery in Healdsburg, California (Sonoma County) owned by Armagan Champagne Cellars as well as the original vineyard, winery, and wine cellar located in Plymouth, Amador County, which are owned by Sobon Estate Winery. The original winery is registered as a California Historical Landmark.

D'Agostini Winery, now Sobon Estate, is the oldest winery in California that still operates today. It was started in 1856 by Adam Uhlinger, a Swiss immigrant, who brought grapevines with him from Europe to Amador County. It was thought to be the first place where Zinfandel was planted in California, but later research has shown that many people were involved in bringing Zinfandel to California and that it is impossible to determine who truly was first. It is, however, the oldest in the state to continuously make Zinfandel and some of the original vines are even still in production.

In 1911, the winery and its  of vineyard were purchased by Enrico D'Agostini, whom the winery is now named after. Armagan Champagne Cellars purchased the business in 1984, and the Amador County vineyard and wine cellar were sold to the Sobon family in 1989. Thus, bottles sold under the D'Agostini label are produced by Armagan, but the wine produced from the original vines comes from Sobon.

The original wine cellar, with walls made from rock quarried from nearby hills, hand-hewn beams, and oak casks, is still standing and is now part of the Shenandoah Valley Museum, which displays agriculture and wine artifacts.

References

External links
Armagan Champagne Cellars & D'Agostini Winery
Sobon Family Wines
Farms of Amador - Sobon Estate & Shenandoah Vineyards

1856 establishments in California
Wineries in Sonoma County, California
California Historical Landmarks
Buildings and structures in Amador County, California
Swiss-American culture

D'Agostini Winery


Paweł Maliński (1790-1853) was a Czech-born sculptor and mason who lived and worked in Poland.

Training
Maliński was born in Berniau, Czech Republic. In 1804 he enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague. In the years 1810-1816 he studied at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts under the direction of the sculptor Franz Pettrich. Maliński made architectural sculptures adorning the facades and interiors of buildings and churches, statues, tombstones and portraits generally maintained in the neoclassical style.

Career
In 1816, he arrived in Warsaw at the invitation of Stanisław Zamoyski, who entrusted him with the execution of the sculptural decoration for rebuilding the Blue Palace. In 1817 he was appointed a professor of sculpture at the University of Warsaw. He held this position until the closure of the Department of Fine Arts after the fall of the November Uprising. In the years 1820-1822 he went on a government scholarship to Italy, where he spent two years (1820-1822) he worked under the direction of Bertel Thorvaldsen. Maliński developed including such students as Konstanty Hegel, Władysław Oleszczyński, and Jakub Tatarkiewicz.

References
 Wladyslaw Lesniewski: History of Polish art. T. III Modern Art. Kraków: Penguin Books, 1965, p 89
 Maria Irena Kwiatkowska: Sculptors Warsaw nineteenth century. Warsaw: 1995. .

Polish sculptors
Polish male sculptors
Czech sculptors
Czech male sculptors
1790 births
1853 deaths
Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw alumni

Paweł Maliński


Jonathan Bernard Yoav Tasini (born October 18, 1956) is an American political strategist, organizer, activist, commentator and writer, primarily focusing his energies on the topics of work, labor and the economy. On June 11, 2009, he announced that he would challenge New York U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand in the Democratic primary for the 2010 U.S. Senate special election in New York. However, Tasini later decided to run instead for a seat in the House of Representatives in 2010.

He was the president of the National Writers Union from 1990 to 2003. In 2006, he unsuccessfully challenged incumbent U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton in the Democratic primary, principally because of the incumbent's vote for the Iraq Resolution which gave then President George W. Bush the authority to invade Iraq.

He is currently president of the Economic Future Group, a national consulting group He also writes frequently for a labor and economy blog, Working Life.

Early life and education
Tasini was born in Houston, Texas, though he spent much of his late childhood in Israel. Tasini's father, Betsalel Tasini, was a computer scientist who was born in Palestine and fought in the Haganah, Israel's pre-state army, and its strike force, the Palmach. Tasini lived with his father and stepmother in Israel for seven years and speaks fluent Hebrew. He completed high school in Israel studied at Tel Aviv University. While there, he was also involved in Histadrut, a trade union. He earned a degree in political science from the University of California, Los Angeles.

Career

National Writers Union
From 1990 to April 2003, he served as president of the National Writers Union (UAW Local 1981). In 1993, Tasini was the lead plaintiff in the case of New York Times Co. v. Tasini, in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in favor of the copyright claims of writers whose work was republished in electronic databases without their permission. The ruling set an important precedent that lead to a class-action lawsuit settlement of $18 million. He also served in a wide variety of additional author and labor advocacy positions, including as a board member of the International Federation of Journalists and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, a joint industry-scientific-academic panel. He also was the founder of the Creators Federation, which sought to unite creators groups to work in concert.

Tasini remains the president emeritus of the NWU.

Writing

Tasini is a leading economics and labor writer who has analyzed economic and labor affairs for a wide variety of publications and organizations, including The Wall Street Journal, CNBC, Bloomberg Businessweek, Playboy, The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, and Newsday. He is the creator and publisher of Working Life, a central source of information, analysis and debate within organized labor and the general policy community, and one of the first blogs to devote itself entirely to work and the economy.

Tasini is the author of five books: The Essential Bernie Sanders and His Vision for America (2015); It's Not Raining, We're Being Peed On: The Scam of the Deficit Crisis (2010); The Audacity of Greed: Free Markets, Corporate Thieves and The Looting of America (2009); They Get Cake, We Eat Crumbs: The Real Story Behind Today's Unfair Economy (1997); and The Edifice Complex: Rebuilding the American Labor Movement to Face the Global Economy (1995).

He wrote a paper on The Audacity of Timidity in which he is stated to be the Executive Director of the Labor Research Association.

2006 Senate campaign
On December 6, 2005, Tasini officially announced his bid to challenge Senator Clinton for the Democratic nomination in the New York 2006 Senate election. Tasini, who needed to collect 15,000 valid signatures to force a primary with Clinton, submitted approximately 40,000 of them on July 13.

Tasini was endorsed by a number of prominent political activists, including Susan Sarandon, Cindy Sheehan, Barbara Ehrenreich, and Howard Zinn. On September 7, 2006, Gay City News endorsed Tasini's Senate candidacy, citing his support for same-sex marriage, and Clinton's stated opposition to legalizing same-sex marriage. In his campaign, Tasini emphasized his opposition to the 2003 invasion of Iraq and called for universal health care and curbs on corporate power as part of what he termed "New Rules For the Economy". He wrote a book called It's Not Raining, We're Getting Peed On: The Scam of the Deficit Crisis in 2010, voicing his opinions about the current debt crises.

2010 District Congressional campaign
On May 13, 2010 Tasini announced that he would now be running for Congress, hoping to win the seat held by Charles Rangel, who has been a representative of the 15th district for 17 years. According to a press release announcing his candidacy, Tasini stated that he plans to "remain entirely energized about our mission to change the country". Tasini was endorsed by prominent actors and political activists, including Richard Dreyfuss and Armand Assante.

On September 14, 2010, Tasini finished fifth in the Democratic primary garnering 2,389 votes, or 5% of the total vote.

Controversy
In January 2018, Tasink published a message via Twitter that referenced both a fatal train crash involving Republican lawmakers and the decision by Representative Trey Gowdy not to seek re-election, which read, in part, "God is working hard today to clean up the stink."

See also
New York Times Co. v. Tasini
United States Senate election in New York, 2006

References

External links

Congressional campaign website
Working Life biography
The Nation profile of Tasini
Q&A with Tasini in Guernica Magazine (Guernicamag.com)
Statement on policy re Israel
Jonathan Tasini HuffingtonPost archived essays
Tasini on "The Audacity of Greed: Free Markets, Corporate Thieves and the Looting of America" - video by Democracy Now!

American trade union leaders
Jewish American people in New York (state) politics
American male journalists
American bloggers
American anti–Iraq War activists
1956 births
Living people
New York (state) Democrats
Journalists from Houston
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Activists from Texas
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American male bloggers

Jonathan Tasini


John Lo Schiavo S.J. (February 25, 1925 – May 15, 2015) was an American Jesuit and academic who was the 25th president of the University of San Francisco from 1977 until 1991 and later a USF chancellor.

Biography
A lifelong resident of San Francisco, Lo Schiavo earned bachelor's and master's degrees in philosophy from Gonzaga University, and a licentiate in sacred theology from Alma College. He came to USF in 1950 as a philosophy instructor. In 1958, he became vice principal of Brophy College Preparatory in Phoenix.  He returned to USF in 1962 as dean of students, becoming vice president of student affairs in 1966.

In 1968, he became president of Bellarmine College Preparatory in San Jose, at the same time becoming a member of USF's board of trustees. He became board chairman from 1970 to 1973, and rector of the USF Jesuit community in 1975. In 1977 he was elected to the first of three five-year terms as president.

During his tenure, he oversaw several major capital campaigns, including expansions to the law school and the building of a new campus recreation center. He was named chancellor in 1991, a post he held until his death in May 2015.

Outside of USF, he may be best known for having made the decision to shut down the school's powerful men's basketball program in 1982.  The program had two NCAA titles and three Final Fours to its credit, but had been under nearly constant scrutiny from the NCAA for most of the second half of the 1970s. In 1980,  Lo Schiavo gave new coach Pete Barry an ultimatum—unless he ran a clean program, it would be shut down.  In 1982, All-American Quintin Dailey was arrested for sexually assaulting a female resident assistant.  During the investigation, he admitted taking a no-show job from a USF donor. Lo Schiavo had seen enough, and on July 29 announced that the men's basketball program would be shut down. In his view, this step was necessary to repair the damage to USF's reputation. The Dons would not return to the court until 1985.

Lo Schiavo, or "Father Lo," as he is popularly known, was a much-beloved figure at USF.  In 2010, USF broke ground on a new science building and named it the John Lo Schiavo Center for Science and innovation in Lo Schiavo's honor.

See also

References

External links
 John Lo Schiavo Center for Science and Innovation

1925 births
2015 deaths
20th-century American Jesuits
21st-century American Jesuits
Gonzaga University alumni
People from San Francisco
American Roman Catholic priests
Presidents of the University of San Francisco
Catholics from California

John Lo Schiavo


Khoisan languages is the name for a group of languages that are spoken in Southern Africa. All of these lanhuages have click consonants, and theiy are not part of the Niger–Congo languages, the Nilo-Saharan languages, or the Afroasiatic languages.  These languages are not in one common language family, there are at least three such famililes. There are also some language isolates on the territrory where Khoisan languages can be found. As outlined, it is not possible to construct or find a language, that is the common ancestor of the other languages.

The San, Khoekhoe, Damara, Nama, as well as the Hadza and Sandawe are all speakers of Khoisan languages.

Many of these languages only have very few speakers, or they have become extinct. Many are only spoken, and not written. The only widespread Khoisan language is Khoekhoe (also known as Khoekhoegowab, Nàmá or Damara) of Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, with a quarter of a million speakers; Sandawe in Tanzania is second in number with some 40–80,000, some monolingual; and the ǃKung language of the northern Kalahari spoken by some 16,000 or so people. Language use is quite strong among the 20,000 speakers of Naro, half of whom speak it as a second language.

Languages of Africa

Khoisan languages


Arbor Networks is a software company founded in 2000 and based in Burlington, Massachusetts, United States, which sells network security and network monitoring software, used – according to the company's claims – by over 90% of all Internet service providers. The company's products are used to protect networks from denial-of-service attacks, botnets, computer worms, and efforts to disable network routers. The service employs port scanning from the IP range 184.108.40.206/24 in which threats are being detected.

History
The company was founded in 2000 when co-founders Farnam Jahanian and Rob Malan spun out research from the University of Michigan, sponsored by DARPA, Cisco, and Intel. They were joined by students Jonathan Arnold, Matthew Smart, and Jonathan Poland, and entrepreneurs Ted Julian and Dug Song to make the founding team.  The company raised $11 million in a round of venture capital. Later, in August 2002, the company raised another $22 million in a second round of venture capital, led by Thomas Weisel Venture Partners, with participants that included Battery Ventures and Cisco Systems, among others. In January 2008, Arbor acquired Ellacoya Networks, a company which provides broadband traffic shaping products. The acquisition was expected to increase the total addressable market (TAM) for Arbor to $750 million in 2008, and to $1.5 billion by the end of 2009. In March 2009, Arbor worked with 100 ISPs to create a new network monitoring system, called ATLAS 2.0. In October 2009, the company estimated that Google paid almost nothing for YouTube's bandwidth, noting that Google probably used dark fibre instead to run the website.

On August 31, 2010, Tektronix Communications announced that it has completed its acquisition of Arbor Networks.  Upon completion of the acquisition, Arbor Networks joins Danaher Corporation's portfolio of communications and enterprise companies, which includes Tektronix Communications.

On September 3, 2013, Arbor Networks announced that it had acquired privately held Packetloop, a leader in Security Analytics based in Sydney, Australia.

Company
Arbor has strategic partnerships with Cisco, IBM, and Juniper Networks. In addition to its headquarters in Burlington, Massachusetts, the company also has offices in Ann Arbor, Michigan, London, and Singapore.  Wired stated that due to the popularity of Arbor's software among ISPs, the company "likely knows more about the [Internet's] ebbs and flows than anyone outside of the National Security Agency".

Arbor is now part of NetScout Systems as part of the acquisition of Fluke, Tektronix Communications (TekComms) and VSS in 2015 from Danaher.

References

External links
 Official website
 Packetloop website

Networking companies
American companies established in 2000
Danaher subsidiaries
Tektronix
DDoS mitigation companies
Software companies established in 2000

Arbor Networks


David Johnston is president of What's Working, a design and consulting firm in Boulder, Colorado that specializes in environmental construction technology. For over 25 years, Johnston has been encouraging the building industry to focus more attention on sustainability and become "greener". He was responsible for the commercialization of passive solar technology and the integration of it into residential building, largely through industry trade organization activities.

Career
Johnston studied with Buckminster Fuller at Southern Illinois University, graduating with a degree in Environmental Systems Design. Johnston has consulted with the US Department of Energy, the International Energy Agency, Alameda County (California), as well as private architects, builders, and homeowners in energy-efficient, and "environmentally friendly" housing.

In 1983 he founded LightWorks Construction in Bethesda, Maryland, a company that specialized in solar installations and later expanding into general remodeling for new-home and commercial projects. A decade later he sold the company and moved to Boulder, Colorado drawn by the culture of sustainable living. He founded a new company, What's Working, to offer green consulting and training.

He is a past director of the Boulder Home Builder's Association and co-author of the Green Builder Certification Program. He founded the Passive Solar Industries Council in Washington, DC and co-founded the California Build It Green program.  Johnston is also an instructor for the Green Advantage Environmental Certification Program. Johnston worked for the Boulder Daily Camera for four years as a columnist and also worked for Cahners "Construct" magazine as a senior editor.

Recognition
 2008 Lifetime Achievement Award, Boulder Green Building Guild
 2007 Sustainability Pioneer Award from SAM International recognizing Johnston's traceable impact on promoting sustainability.
 2005 Nautilus Book Award for his book Green Remodeling
 2004 Environmental Hero Award, Interior and Sources Magazine
 2004 Corporate Excellence Award, University of Colorado
 2004 American Institute of Architects Colorado, Contribution to the Built Environment
 2003 Sustainable Community Development Award, Sustainable Buildings Industry Council
 2002 Our World Award, Rotary International
 1989 Top 50 Contractors in the US, Remodeling magazine
 1988 NOVA Award, Boulder Community Foundation
 1996 Environmental Business of the Year, Boulder Chamber of Commerce
 1995-96 Hall of Fame, Denver Homebuilders Association

Publications
Johnston is the author and co-author of books on Green Building:
Toward a Zero Energy Home: A complete guide to energy self-sufficiency at home with Scott Gibson (Paperback - Taunton Press April 27, 2010)
 Green from the Ground Up: Sustainable, Healthy, and Energy-Efficient Home Construction with Scott Gibson (Paperback - Taunton Press April 1, 2008)
Green Remodeling: Changing the World One Room at a Time with Kim Master (Paperback - New Society Publishers Sep 1, 2004) , which won the 2005 Nautilus Award.
Building Green in a Black and White World (Paperback - Home Builders Press January 2000)

Johnston regularly contributes to major building publications and has had articles published in:
Fine Homebuilding
Custom Builder
Professional Builder
Qualified Remodeler
Remodeling Magazine
Renovation Style Magazine
Environmental Health Perspectives Journal
as well as newspapers including The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Chicago Tribune, The Los Angeles Times, The San Francisco Chronicle and many other local newspapers.

References

External links
 WhatsWorking.com
 GreenAdvantage.org

21st-century American engineers
Southern Illinois University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Businesspeople from Boulder, Colorado

David Johnston (builder)


Sir Herbert Stanley Marchant KCMG OBE (18 May 1906 – 8 August 1990) was a schoolmaster, at Bletchley Park the codebreaking centre in World War II, and then a diplomat. He was ambassador to Cuba (1960–63) and Tunisia (1963–66); remembered for replying to British newspapers during the Cuban Missile Crisis that "Everything is perfectly quiet here" (in Cuba).

Marchant was born in Cambridge and attended Perse School, before studying modern languages at St John's College, Cambridge. He was an assistant master at Harrow School 1928–39, teaching French and German, and later Russian.

He was at Bletchley Park in World War II, where he was the deputy head of Hut 3 from 1943 until the end of the war. The head Eric Jones had taken over sole responsibility from 1942, after personal rivalries between the original staff of Hut 3.

After the war he was in the Foreign Service 1946–66. Then he became Assistant Director of the Institute of Race Relations 1966–68, and United Kingdom representative on the United Nations Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 1969–73.

He married Diana Selway in 1937, they had one son. He was awarded the OBE 1946, CMG 1957 & KCMG 1963.

Books by H.S. Marchant
Scratch a Russian (Drummond, London, 1937) Travel in the Soviet Union
His Excellency Regrets (Kimber, London, 1980) a novel

References

Obituary in The Times, London of 13 August 1990 page 12.
Secret Days: Code-breaking in Bletchley Park by Asa Briggs (2011, Frontline Books, London)
Who's Who 2013 (London)

1906 births
1990 deaths
Bletchley Park people
Members of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Tunisia
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Cuba
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
People educated at The Perse School
Schoolteachers from Cambridgeshire
English travel writers
Writers about the Soviet Union
British officials of the United Nations
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Teachers at Harrow School

Herbert Marchant


Photographic composition techniques are used to set up the elements of a picture. These are the techniques which resembles the way we humans normally see a view

Some of the main techniques that are:
 Simplicity (photography)
 Symmetrical balance
 Asymmetrical balance
 Radial balance
 Rule of thirds
 Leading lines
 Golden Ratio
 Framing (photography)
Centered composition
Diagonal triangles
Rule of odds
Rule of space
Fill the Frame

The composition techniques in photography are mere guidelines to help beginners capture eye-catching images. These provide a great starting point until an individual is able to outgrow them in capturing images through more advance techniques.

See also
Composition (visual arts)

References

OCCSB–issued documents
Facilitator's Guide

Composition techniques, List of photographic
Lists of photography topics
Composition in visual art

Photographic composition


The E.M. White Canoe Company was founded by Edwin White, who produced wood and canvas canoes from 1889 into the 1940s. White is considered one of the pioneers of wood and canvas canoe building and one of several prominent canoe builders in Maine.

Background

The company's construction methods evolved from the manufacture of birchbark canoes. The transition occurred in the 19th century when canoe builders in the Eastern United States and Ontario, Canada, laid canvas instead of bark into a traditional building bed. Later, builders in Maine adapted English boat-building inverted-forms technology, whereby an external waterproofed canvas shell was fastened to a wooden hull formed with white cedar planks and ribs.

The earliest commercial builder of wood-and-canvas canoe may have been Evan H. Gerrish of Bangor, Maine, a hunting and fishing guide from Brownville, Maine. Upriver at Gilman Falls, E.M. White started producing canoes in 1889. White gave an interview in 1901 in the Old Town Enterprise, saying: "I saw a man by the name of Evan Gerrish of Bangor riding in the Penobscot River in a canvas-covered canoe. I quickly saw the advantages of that kind over my birchbark, which moreover leaked. I examined the canvas canoe closely, and in a short time was able to produce one which was so good someone wanted to buy it."

White started building canoes at his Gilman Falls family home by boiling wooden ribs in his mother's washtub and using a horse on a treadmill for power. In 1895, White's brother George and Alfred E. Wickett were working for him. Wickett would go on to help start the Indian Old Town Canoe Company (later the Old Town Canoe Company), and founded the Penobscot Canoe Company and St. Louis Meramec Canoe Company. White's brother-in-law, E.L. Hinckley, became a working partner and provided the capital to open a large shop in Old Town, Maine in 1896, the town where Old Town Canoe would be established in the early twentieth century.

After World War Two, Walter King, one of White's employees, and his brother-in-law Pat Farnsworth purchased the company and changed the name to White Canoe Company and began to build fiberglass canoes. The company was purchased by The Old Town Canoe Company in 1984.

Identifying features

White employed a variety of deck styles, from a simple triangular shape to an inverted heart.

Planking is often bevel-edged.

The stern seat on earlier Whites is steam-bent in a "D" shape.

The tips of the inwales, deck, and outwales extend an inch or so beyond the top of the stem.

References

See also

Miller, Daniel and Benson Gray, editors, The Historic Wood Canoe and Boat Manufacturer Catalog Collection, on CD-ROM.

Canoe manufacturers
Old Town, Maine
Manufacturing companies based in Maine
Defunct companies based in Maine
Design companies established in 1889
Manufacturing companies established in 1889
1889 establishments in Maine
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1984
Design companies disestablished in 1984
1984 disestablishments in Maine

E.M. White Canoe Company


The Bath Festival of Blues was a music festival held at the Bath Pavilion Recreational Ground in Bath, Somerset, England, on Saturday 28 June 1969. It featured a lineup of British blues bands, including Fleetwood Mac (the headliners), John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, Ten Years After, Led Zeppelin, The Nice, Chicken Shack, Jon Hiseman's Colosseum, Mick Abrahams' Blodwyn Pig and Principal Edwards Magic Theatre amongst others.

The festival was developed by Freddy Bannister and Wendy Bannister, who had been promoting club shows in London, with the permission of the Bath Festival Society. The festival was organised very simply with tables at the gates and screens to prevent people getting in for free, all the bands used the Pavilion as a back stage area. However, despite the very limited security the fans did not present a hazard and were generally well behaved.

The festival proved very popular, selling out all 30,000 tickets in the first week, surprising both the townsfolk and the promoters. The only major problem occurred when The Nice's use of bagpipers caused the stage to collapse and had to be repaired. The festival was well received and both the promoters and the Bath Chamber of Commerce were keen to put on another festival the next year, becoming the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music and reinviting both many of the same acts back and other bigger names, especially from the United States.

Further reading
Bath Festival, June 1969 & June 1970; Mike Watt; in, Classic rock; Issue 109; August 2007; Future Publications; pp. 46–47.

See also

List of blues festivals
List of historic rock festivals
List of music festivals in the United Kingdom

References

Music festivals established in 1969
Festivals in Bath, Somerset
History of Bath, Somerset
Music festivals in Somerset
Rock festivals in England
Counterculture festivals
1969 in British music
1969 in England
Blues festivals in the United Kingdom
Folk festivals in the United Kingdom
20th century in Somerset
1969 music festivals
June 1969 events in the United Kingdom

Bath Festival of Blues


Trato Hecho is the Spanish-language version of the Hatos-Hall game show, Let's Make a Deal, and its title translates to "Done Deal". The show was produced in Spain and in Mexico; in addition, a version was recently produced in Los Angeles, California for the Univision television network.

The show lasted from January 10 to December 9, 2005. The host for this version was Guillermo Huesca, with an uncredited model referred to solely as la bella Elizabeth ("the lovely Elizabeth", in English game show vernacular). In addition, several male actors, referred to as los Tratochicos ("the Deal Guys"), assisted with some deals and "modeled" some of the prizes and zonks, although they did not describe them, unlike English-language version announcers Jay Stewart (1963–76) and Jonathan Mangum (2009-present) who announced and "modeled" the Zonks.

Gameplay of U.S. version
Gameplay proceeded in the exact manner as the English-speaking version, with the same wide range of deals. Contestants vied to improve their winnings without ending up with a Chasco ("letdown"), a booby prize equivalent to the "Zonks" on Let's Make a Deal. Usually a trade was completed with the idiom "Trato Hecho, jamás deshecho" ("A deal made is never broken.")

The budget for this version was quite small compared to the English-speaking version of the show. Few (if any) cars were offered, and the value of the Big Deal (El Gran Trato) usually ranged from $3,000 to $6,000. However, a few nighttime specials of Trato Hecho were produced with a heftier budget; the Big Deal could be worth up to $26,000 on these episodes.

American nexus
Trato Hecho ("Let's Make a Deal"), along with 100 mexicanos dijeron/100 mexicanos dijieron, ¿Qué dice la gente? & 100 latinos dijeron ("Family Feud"), are two classic 1970s game shows revived for Latin American audiences because of the close cultural connections with the US.

External links
 Univision webpage (via Internet Archive)
 Trato Hecho at letsmakeadeal.com
 "Let's Make a Deal worldwide" at letsmakeadeal.com

2005 American television series debuts
2005 American television series endings
2000s American game shows
2005 Mexican television series debuts
2005 Mexican television series endings
Mexican game shows
Let's Make a Deal
Univision original programming
Television series by Fremantle (company)

Trato Hecho (American game show)


Ali Ramdani (born 18 April 1984), better known by his stage name Lilou, is an Algerian-French b-boy breakdancer. He is part of the French crew Pockemon Crew and the all-star team LEGION X. Since the beginning of his career in 1999, he has won many international prizes, both with his crew and as a solo dancer. He has had a black belt in Kung Fu since he was sixteen. He practices Islam and can speak Algerian Arabic, French and English.

Lilou was the winner of the b-boy competition Red Bull BC One in 2005 and 2009. He is one of the only four competitors to have won the Red Bull BC One twice, the other three being Hong 10, Victor and Menno. He also won Battle of the Year in 2003 with Pockemon Crew. In 2005, Lilou won the Chief Rocka award at the UK Bboy Championships. The following year, he was part of the Pockemon team that won the Crews competition at the UK Bboy Championships. In 2006, Lilou was featured in the game B-Boy, released by FreeStyleGames. In 2008, Lilou took part in Chemical Brothers' music video "Midnight Madness". He also appears in the film StreetDance 2. In 2012, he joined Madonna's MDNA Tour as a dancer and choreographer. In 2014, he became the winner of Undisputed. In doing so, he became the world champion b-boy in 2014. He lists Michael Jackson, Zinedine Zidane, Muhammad Ali, and Jamiroquai as influences.

References

External links
Lilou's profile at RedBullBCOne.com
Pockemon crew official website
Lilou Official Website

1984 births
Breakdancers
Living people

B-boy Lilou


Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy is a disease of the eye, a manifestation of late congenital syphilis. It can appear as:
 Interstitial keratitis – this commonly appears between ages 6 and 12. Symptoms include lacrimation and photophobia. Pathological vascularization of the cornea cause it to turn pink or salmon colored. 90% of cases affect both eyes.
 Episcleritis or scleritis – nodules appear in or overlying the sclera (white of eye)
 Iritis or iris papules – vascular infiltration of the iris causes rosy color change and yellow/red nodules.
 Chorioretinitis, papillitis, retinal vasculitis – retinal changes can resemble retinitis pigmentosa.
 Exudative retinal detachment

Congenital syphilis is categorized by the age of the child. Early congenital syphilis occurs in children under 2 years old, and late congenital syphilis in children at or greater than 2 years old. Manifestations of late congenital syphilis are similar to those of secondary syphilis and tertiary syphilis in adults.

References

 eMedicine: Ocular Manifestations of Syphilis

External links

Congenital disorders
Syphilis
Eye diseases
Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission

Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy


Michael Kane MccGwire  (9 December 1924 – 26 March 2016) was a British international relations specialist known for his work on Cold War geopolitics and Soviet naval strategy. A former Royal Navy commander, he was Professor of Maritime and Strategic Studies at Dalhousie University in Canada and then a Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington DC. He was a well-known critic of nuclear deterrence theory.

Early life
MccGwire grew up in British India, where his father worked for Burmah Oil Company until the 1929–34 depression. The family then moved via Lausanne, Switzerland, to settle in Swanage in England.

He attended the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, from age 13 and graduated top of his term in 1942, winning the King's Dirk which was presented to him by George VI.

In May that year 17-year-old MccGwire went to sea as a midshipman, by which time half of the Dartmouth term who had graduated a year earlier had already lost their lives. In August he was on  (a battleship famous for its role in the Bismarck sinking) when it took part in the celebrated Malta relief convoy named Operation Pedestal, in which 13 British ships were sunk but the oil tanker  made it through.

Having been involved in the North African, Sicilian and then Normandy landings, he then moved to Motor Torpedo Boats, joining MTB 476 of the 30th MTB Flotilla as a First Lieutenant. In the year that they were together, these nine MTBs sank six German vessels and damaged another 12 off the coasts of France, the Netherlands and Belgium. The high speed boats each had three super-charged Merlin engines – the same as used in the Spitfires, running on high octane fuel. MTBs attacked at close quarters at night, with double-skin mahogany hulls that did little to protect the crew or fuel from gunfire. The 30th Flotilla was a close-knit group of men, many of whom stayed in touch until the end of their lives.

At the end of WWII MccGwire was on a British destroyer in the Pacific. Then in 1946-47 he moved to a frigate in the Mediterranean, , on the Palestine Patrol, which involved leading boarding parties and taking control of the ships that were illegally carrying Jewish immigrants to Palestine.

In September that year the Royal Navy sent MccGwire to Downing College, Cambridge, to learn Russian along with seven others, including the later defector George Blake. He then returned to sea as a navigator in the Arctic, with the UK's Fisheries Protection around Norway – adjacent to the Soviet Northern Fleet. Then in 1951 MccGwire was loaned to the Australian Navy in a training role.

Naval intelligence
In 1952 MccGwire joined GCHQ to develop naval intelligence on the Soviet Navy, then returned to sea. On the 1956 visit to Britain by Soviet leaders Nikolai Bulganin and Nikita Khrushchev in the lead up to the Suez Crisis, MccGwire was liaison officer on an accompanying Soviet destroyer. In 1956-58 he served as an assistant naval attaché at the British embassy in Moscow, accompanied by his family. Under constant surveillance, he still managed to travel within the USSR and provided various military intelligence before modern satellite data was available. He also started building up his knowledge of Soviet geopolitics.

Promoted to commander on 31 December 1958, he undertook further study in the UK and USA. As a 'war planner' he worked in the Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT) in the US. It was his time in the US, working on a multi-national staff, that opened MccGwire's eyes to what one can achieve when unconstrained by deeply ingrained service deference and loyalties. At that point he realised that he wanted to join an international organisation such as the UN.

But before leaving the Royal Navy, MccGwire wanted to head up the Soviet Naval Intelligence Section in the British Defence Intelligence Staff, which he felt needed serious restructuring. The UK was twenty years into the Cold War, yet when he got this job MccGwire was the first head of the section to know the language, to have worked in Russia, to have had experience of another agency and to be well acquainted with the Americans. He completely reshaped the intelligence effort to ask new questions. His aim was not simply to assess the military threat – how many ships the Soviets had – but to understand what the Soviet Navy was for.

It was for his contribution to British naval intelligence that MccGwire received his OBE in the 1968 New Year Honours. In the words of his successor as Head of the Soviet Naval Intelligence Section, Commander Peter Kimm, "it is my sincere belief that he [MccGwire] has succeeded in contributing something tangible to the security of the country and to the stability of the world in a way which is not given to many of us to do."

Academic career
His colleagues were surprised when MccGwire quit his promising naval career and retired in 1967 aged 42, having just been told that a promotion to Captain was imminent.

His aim was to work in the Third World as a Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme, and the first requirement was to have a degree, so he became an undergraduate student in International Politics and Economics at University of Wales, Aberystwyth. While at Aberystwyth he also started and ran the Interstate Journal of International Affairs, wrote a book on the Soviet Navy for the UK's Institute of Strategic Studies, spoke at numerous specialist conferences on this subject, and "in spite of his age, he experienced no difficulty in slipping into college life as a popular, if slightly formidable figure".

A new national quota system thwarted MccGwire's hopes of joining the UN. After a year as a lecturer in the postgraduate Strategic Studies programme at University of Wales, Aberystwyth, in 1970 he became Professor of Maritime and Strategic Studies at Dalhousie University, Canada, a post gained on the basis of his experience and previous publications. He stayed there until 1979, publishing three edited books and playing the leading role in founding the modern study of Soviet naval power.

In 1979 he became a Senior Fellow of the Brookings Institution, a highly respected think-tank in Washington DC, USA. It was here, at a time when the 'second Cold War' was underway, that MccGwire wrote Military Objectives in Soviet Foreign Policy. This was a seminal work, as it focused on the Soviet viewpoint and way of thinking, based on extensive analysis of Russian sources of information; whereas Soviet policy was usually analysed in terms of Western interests and vulnerabilities. It was published in January 1987, the same month as Gorbachev's speech to the Communist Party (CPSU) Plenum pushing glasnost and perestroika. The book traces the causes of this monumental reorientation of Soviet policy back to the bankruptcy of established Soviet policies, autonomous new rethinking, and concern about the danger of war, explaining the influence of military requirements on Soviet foreign policy.

In January 1991, a year after the Berlin Wall came down, Brookings published MccGwire's follow-up book Perestroika and Soviet National Security, in which he was able to explain what led to perestroika and the resulting implications for future relations with Russia. Furthermore, whereas so many commentators assumed that perestroika was a direct result of the confrontational policies of the Reagan administration during the 1980s, MccGwire argued that Reagan almost certainly delayed the process.

MccGwire semi-retired in 1990, joining the University of Cambridge as a visiting professor for three years in their Global Security Programme. At Cambridge, he enlarged the terrain of security studies to include economic and social development, and environmental sustainability, while continuing to argue for an end to nuclear deterrents.

In 2006 MccGwire participated in the national debate on whether to replace the UK Trident submarines, debating the matter at the Royal Institute of International Affairs with Michael Quinlan and others, and to which the July 2006 issue of International Affairs was devoted. He continued publishing and commenting on world affairs.

Understanding Soviet strategy
MccGwire was best known for the 'MccGwire thesis': that the Soviet military buildup during the Cold War was largely due to fear of attack, and was thus a defensive measure. He confirms this with extensive empirical analysis of military strategy, and by querying political motivations. He strongly challenged the prevailing Cold War view that Moscow was planning pre-emptive military aggression against the West. This view, he said, had been based on preconceptions, inadequate analysis and poor understanding of Soviet policy-making by Western intelligence, and could have had severe repercussions. His first article in the Naval Review argued against Britain's nuclear deterrent for this reason, and many other articles and two books later followed. For example, he argued that the type of armaments added to Soviet vessels in the 1950s showed that they were added to protect trade routes.

MccGwire developed 'objectives analysis' to track changes in military hardware and strategy, based on painstaking analysis of personnel, equipment and geopolitical intentions.  Despite this, the British and USA military never fully accepted the 'MccGwire thesis' as it became known.

At Brookings, he challenged the Reagan military build-up as provocative and unnecessary. He was a frequent public commentator, including a televised debate against the leading neoconservative Richard Perle. He identified a tipping point in Soviet strategy: from studying Soviet military writings and identifying changes in Soviet deployment of military forces, he identified 1966 as the start of a shift away from the 1950s Soviet assumption that war would inevitably lead to an all-out nuclear exchange. By 1987, the threat of global war became downgraded and armed forces withdrew from Eastern Europe. At this point in time, prevention of global warfare became the primary aim in Moscow, where Gorbachev wanted to defuse tensions and downgrade military spending. In sum, MccGwire believed the end of the Cold War was due to Soviet initiatives rather than the manoeuvring of the Western powers.

Personal life
Michael MccGwire was married to Helen (d. 2020), formerly an occupational therapist and author of a children's storybook. They lived in Dorset and had five children: the writer and adviser to Labour Party figures, Scarlett MccGwire, author/communication consultant Lucinda Neall, Citizens Advice Bureau adviser Katrina Higham, business publisher Rory MccGwire and corporate financier Paddy MccGwire.

MccGwire died on 26 March 2016 at the age of 91.

Bibliography
MccGwire, M.K. 2016. A Midshipman's Tale: Operation Pedestal Malta Convoy – August 1942. Leaping Boy Publications.
MccGwire, M.K. (ed.) 1973. Soviet Naval developments: capability and context. New York: Praeger.
MccGwire, M.K., K. Booth and J. McDonnell, (eds.) 1975. Soviet Naval policy: objectives and constraints. New York: Praeger.
MccGwire, M.K. & Hardt JP. 1976. Naval power and Soviet oceans policy. Center for foreign Policy Studies, Dalhousie University.
Also published in Soviet oceans development, Congressional Research Service, 94th Congress, 2nd session, October 1976, pp. 77–182
MccGwire, M.K. and J. McDonnell, (eds.) 1977. Soviet Naval influence: domestic and foreign dimensions. New York: Praeger.

MccGwire, M.K. 1987. Military Objectives in Soviet Foreign Policy. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press.
MccGwire, M.K. 1987. The Genesis of Soviet Threat Perceptions. National Council for Soviet and East European Research.
MccGwire, M.K. 1991. Perestroika and Soviet Military Policy. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press.

MccGwire, M.K. 1997. NATO expansion and European security. Volume 37 of London Defence Studies. London: Brasseys.

MccGwire, M.K. 2000. Weapons of Mass Destruction – A Confusion of Categories. Evidence to the Select Committee on Foreign Affairs. Foreign Affairs – Eighth Report. 25 July 2000. House of Commons.

MccGwire, Michael 2007. Rush to Judgement. Evidence to the Select Committee on Defence. The Future of the UK's Strategic Nuclear Deterrent – Ninth Report. 27 February 2007. House of Commons.

References

Further reading
Booth, K. (ed.) 1998. Statecraft and Security: The Cold War and Beyond . Cambridge University Press. . (essays in honour of Mike MccGwire)

External links
Michael MccGwire (Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution, Videos: 4), C-SPAN Video Library, 1988–1989

1924 births
2016 deaths
Royal Navy officers
British naval attachés
Academic staff of the Dalhousie University
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of Aberystwyth University
Alumni of Downing College, Cambridge
GCHQ people
Royal Navy personnel of World War II
Brookings Institution people
Military personnel of British India

Michael MccGwire


Trygonorrhina, also known as the fiddler rays or banjo rays, is a genus of guitarfish, family Rhinobatidae. The two species are found along the eastern and southern coasts of Australia. They are benthic in nature, favoring shallow, sandy bays, rocky reefs, and seagrass beds. The eastern fiddler is found to a depth of 120 m and the southern fiddler to a depth of 180 m.

The flattened pectoral fin discs of fiddler rays are shorter and more rounded than those of other guitarfishes. Their tails are slender, with a well-developed caudal fin and two triangular dorsal fins. Their snouts are translucent. The fiddler rays are also distinguished from other guitarfishes in that the anterior nasal flaps of their nostrils are expanded backwards and fused together into a nasal curtain that reaches the mouth.

Fiddler rays feed on bottoms shellfish, crabs, and worms, which they crush between their jaws. The eastern fiddler ray is known to scavenge from fish traps. Like other guitarfishes, fiddler rays are ovoviviparous. The egg capsules of the southern fiddler ray are reported to be golden in colour, containing three embryos each. It gives birth to litters of four to six young per breeding cycle. Fiddler rays are harmless and easily approached by divers. Southern fiddler rays are taken as bycatch by commercial trawlers and by recreational fishers; the flesh is of good quality and sold in small quantities.
The Magpie fiddler ray (previously Trygonorrhina melaleuca) is now considered a variant of Trygonorrhina dumerilii.

Species
There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus:
 Trygonorrhina dumerilii Castelnau, 1873 (Southern fiddler ray)
 Trygonorrhina fasciata J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Eastern fiddler ray)

References

Rhinobatidae
Taxa named by Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle

Fiddler ray


Reinhold Richard Priebus ( ; born March 18, 1972) is an American lawyer and politician who served as chairman of the Republican National Committee from 2011 to 2017 and as White House chief of staff during the first six months of Donald Trump's presidency.

Raised in Wisconsin, Priebus worked as a clerk and graduated from the University of Miami School of Law in 1998. After working for law firm Michael Best, he was elected chairman of the Wisconsin Republican Party in 2007. In 2009, Priebus became the general counsel for the Republican National Committee. He won the 2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election. As chairman, Priebus frequently criticized the policies of president Barack Obama. He also presided over the Republican Party during the presidential elections of 2012 and 2016, when he opposed Donald Trump during the early stages of the primaries, but later supported him in the general election. He began serving as Trump's chief of staff in January 2017 until resigning in July of that year. Priebus, who had the shortest tenure of any non-interim chief of staff in American history, drew controversy for his management style.

Early life and legal career
Priebus was born on March 18, 1972, the son of Dimitra Pitsiladis and Richard Priebus. Born in Dover, New Jersey, he lived in Netcong, New Jersey, until his family moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin, when he was seven years old. His father is a former union electrician and his mother a real estate agent. His father is of German and English descent and his mother is of Greek descent; she was born to parents originally from Mytilene and Khartoum, since there was a sizable community of Greek settlers in Sudan at the time.

At the age of 16, he volunteered for his first political campaign. He attended Tremper High School in Kenosha, Wisconsin, graduating in 1990. After graduating from Tremper, he attended the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater, where he majored in English and political science, and joined the Delta Chi fraternity. He graduated cum laude in 1994 and prior to that had been elected to serve as student body president.

After graduation from Whitewater, Priebus served as a clerk for the Wisconsin State Assembly Education Committee. He then enrolled at the University of Miami School of Law in Coral Gables, Florida. While there, he worked as a clerk for the Wisconsin Court of Appeals, the Wisconsin Supreme Court, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, and interned at the NAACP Legal Defense Fund in California.

In 1998, he graduated with a Juris Doctor degree cum laude from the University of Miami, after serving as president of the law school student body. He moved back to Wisconsin and became a member of the state bar. Subsequently, he joined Wisconsin law firm Michael Best, where he became a partner in 2006, practicing in the firm's litigation and corporate practice groups. He currently serves as president and chief strategist at Michael Best and is also chairman of the Board of Advisors.

Early political career

Priebus ran for election to the Wisconsin State Senate in 2004, losing 52 to 48 percent, to the Democratic incumbent, Robert Wirch. In 2007, following a successful campaign, he was elected chairman of the Wisconsin Republican Party, the youngest person to have held that role to date. Two years later, in 2009, he also became the general counsel for the Republican National Committee (RNC).

As chairman of the Wisconsin Republican Party, Priebus led the party to success in the November 2010 elections in Wisconsin, which was previously a state held by the Democratic Party. The party won control of the State Senate and Assembly; a Republican candidate was elected to the governorship. He worked to bring Wisconsin's Tea Party movement together with the mainstream Republican party organization and avoid conflict between the two.

Priebus continued as state party chairman and general counsel to the RNC until 2010, when he stepped down as general counsel to run for election to chairman of the committee.

2011 RNC chairmanship election

On December 5, 2010, Priebus stepped down as general counsel for the RNC. The next day, he sent a letter to all 168 voting members of the RNC announcing his candidacy for chairman. Wisconsin governor Scott Walker supported Priebus' bid from the beginning, attributing the party's victories in Wisconsin to "Priebus' leadership and involvement in the grassroots Tea Party movement that swept the state and the nation". Priebus told delegates in his letter: "I will keep expenses low. I will put in strong and serious controls. We will raise the necessary funds to make sure we are successful. We will work to regain the confidence of our donor base and I will personally call our major donors to ask them to rejoin our efforts at the RNC."

On January 14, 2011, after seven rounds of voting, Priebus was elected chairman of the RNC.

RNC chairmanship (2011–2017)

First term
At the start of his first term as chairman of the RNC in January 2011, Priebus had inherited a $23 million debt from his predecessor Michael Steele, as well as severely strained relationships with "major donors". Priebus stated that his goals for his leadership were to reduce the debt, rebuild the organization's finances and improve relationships with major donors and party leaders, as well as aiding Republican efforts in the 2012 presidential election. He aimed to develop a strong voter mobilization program, including improved voter registration and absentee ballot programs to identify unregistered voters and those who had not returned their ballots, using funds raised through his initial outreach to major donors. By the end of 2011, Priebus had raised more than $88 million and cut the RNC's debt to $11.8 million.

In the 2012 presidential election, Priebus was a frequent critic of Obama and Democratic leaders. Priebus appeared on such political talk shows as Meet the Press, Face the Nation, Fox News Sunday, and State of the Union with Candy Crowley. He also continued to focus on rebuilding the RNC's finances by reaching out to donors, and at the end of the year the organization reported no debt. After the Republican loss in the election, Priebus called for Republicans to embrace comprehensive immigration reform that would afford illegal immigrants in the U.S. legal status, and ordered reviews of RNC operations, including the party's messaging to young people, women and Hispanics. The analysis of the election cycle would include gathering feedback from numerous volunteers and staffers who were involved at various levels. He began development of a political plan including a long-term strategy to reach demographic groups that had voted mainly Democratic in the November 2012 elections. The plan was labeled "The Growth and Opportunity Project".

On January 25, 2013, Priebus was elected to serve another term. He ran unopposed, and 166 of the 168 RNC members voted to re-elect him.

Second term

For Priebus' second term, he set the goal of "transforming the party – to be a force from coast to coast." In his re-election speech, he stated that the party would no longer approach electoral politics from a "red and blue state" perspective.

On March 18, 2013, Priebus presented the completed Growth and Opportunity Project report developed from a listening tour and four-month analysis carried out by Priebus and Republican strategists including Ari Fleischer, Henry Barbour, Sally Bradshaw, Zori Fonalledas and Glenn McCall. The report outlined a comprehensive plan for the party to overhaul its operations. Specific plans outlined in the report included: improving the Republican Party's digital and research capabilities; a $10 million outreach effort to minority communities; supporting immigration reform; and reducing the length of the presidential primary season.

In September 2013, Priebus was successful in persuading both CNN and NBC News to cancel planned biopics of Hillary Clinton, which had been criticized as "free campaigning on Clinton's behalf", according to columnist Jennifer Rubin. Priebus stated that the networks would not be allowed to moderate a Republican primary debate if the films went ahead.

The following year, Politico reported that Priebus had made progress with efforts to make the RNC a year-round operation, particularly through investment into digital technology and field staff.

Continuing Priebus's aim to create an initiative to rival the voter mobilization efforts of the 2012 Obama campaign, in May 2014, the RNC launched the Victory 365 program. The program focuses on communicating with and encouraging the efforts of volunteers across the U.S. to reach others in their communities.

Priebus also worked to reduce the length of the presidential primary calendar, generating support for a RNC rules change to make the primary calendar shorter by up to three months and bringing the national convention forward to late June at the earliest. The rules change was passed almost unanimously in January 2014.

Also following the Growth and Opportunity Project report (also called "the autopsy" and "the post-mortem"), Priebus led efforts to reach out to black, Latino and Asian American voters. In July 2014, he spoke at the National Association of Black Journalists convention, where he said that to support these efforts the Republican Party was spending approximately $8.5 million per month and had established offices in 15 states.

In a speech on October 2, 2014, Priebus laid out the RNC's "Principles for American Renewal", covering 11 goals of the Republican Party in the lead up to the 2016 presidential election. The principles included three economy-related proposals for the Senate to move forward: approval of construction on the Keystone XL Pipeline; federal healthcare law reform; and a balanced budget amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Other goals included in the principles include job creation, care of veterans, immigration reform and reducing government spending. Following the speech, the Democratic National Committee issued a statement criticizing Priebus, calling Republicans "out of step with the American public".

On January 16, 2015, Priebus was re-elected to a third term on a near-unanimous vote.

Third term

On October 30, 2015, after the third Republican presidential debate in which there were clashes between the Republican candidates and the debate moderators, the RNC announced that NBC News would no longer host the February 26, 2016 debate in Houston. Priebus showed concerns that an NBC-hosted debate could result in a "repeat" of the CNBC debate, as both are divisions of NBCUniversal, although NBC News is editorially separate from CNBC. Priebus explained that CNBC had conducted the October 28 debate in "bad faith", arguing that "while debates are meant to include tough questions and contrast candidates' visions and policies for the future of America, CNBC's moderators engaged in a series of 'gotcha' questions, petty and mean-spirited in tone, and designed to embarrass our candidates. What took place Wednesday night was not an attempt to give the American people a greater understanding of our candidates' policies and ideas."

After then-Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump delivered controversial remarks about Mexican illegal immigrants in 2015, Priebus reportedly delivered a "stern 40-minute lecture" to Trump. In December of that year, Priebus publicly criticized Trump's proposal to temporarily suspend Muslim immigration in response to terrorist attacks. "I don't agree", Priebus told The Washington Examiner. On April 22, 2016, Priebus appealed for party unity, regardless of who would become the Republican nominee.

In May, after Trump became the presumptive nominee, Priebus again publicly criticized him, saying that Trump was not the head of the Republican Party and that he must "change his tone." He later said that running a third-party candidate would be tantamount to a suicide mission for the Republican Party. After Trump won the Republican nomination, Priebus went on to forge a positive relationship with him and was personally involved in quashing efforts by anti-Trump delegates to prevent Trump's nomination. Yet, on August 1, after Trump criticized the Gold Star family of captain Humayun Khan, a Muslim soldier who was killed in Iraq and whose father criticized Trump, Priebus again criticized Trump publicly, stating, "I think this family should be off limits, and we love them and I can't imagine being the father of a little girl and boy going through the unbelievable grief of them not coming home one day in battle."

On October 4, Priebus called Trump a role model, saying, "You know, I think everyone's a role model in different ways. When you look at someone who has built businesses, lost businesses, came back, lived the American dream, a person who sets goals, he's a winner." Three days later, the Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape was revealed; Priebus announced days afterward that the RNC would continue to support Trump. A December 8, 2016 New York magazine article by Gabriel Sherman reported that "some Trump advisers are dismayed by Priebus's influence because they question the Washington insider's loyalty to the president-elect ... Three sources told me that shortly after the Access Hollywood tape leaked in early October, Priebus went to Trump's penthouse and advised the candidate to get out of the race". However the article does not contain named sources aside from two members of the Trump administration, both of whom were cited to clear discrepancies in the otherwise unsourced article.

On November 13, Trump, who had won the presidential election, announced his choice of Priebus for White House chief of staff.

White House chief of staff (2017)

As White House chief of staff, Priebus held nearly singular control over who was and was not able to enter the Oval Office. In one instance, after homeland security advisor Tom Bossert entered the office at Trump's request, "deputy chief of staff Katie Walsh spotted him entering the Oval Office and sprinted down the hallway to alert her boss, Mr. Priebus, according to a person familiar with the events. Mr. Priebus subsequently dashed into the office, where he reprimanded Mr. Bossert—in front of President Trump—for trying to meet with the president without him" early in 2017.

On February 19, Priebus said intelligence officials had cleared the Trump campaign of having any contact with Russian spies, contrary to anonymously sourced reports made the previous week by The New York Times, part of what the White House had referred to as "fake news". According to a Politico article dated March 17, 2017, a request by Priebus that the FBI refute allegations of contact by Trump associates with Russian intelligence "appears to have violated the White House's policy restricting political interference in pending investigations".

In a dispute over leaks from the White House, White House communications director Anthony Scaramucci tagged Priebus at the end of a later deleted Twitter post about such leaks, leading to speculation that Scaramucci considered Priebus responsible for them. Priebus stated on CNN that he had resigned on July 27. The following day, Trump announced on Twitter that he had named John F. Kelly as the new chief of staff. Kelly took office, ending Priebus' service, on July 31. This gave Priebus the shortest tenure as permanent chief of staff in history, edging out Kenneth Duberstein, who served as Ronald Reagan's last chief of staff. Priebus remained in the White House "for a couple weeks" and assisted Kelly with transitioning into his new role as chief of staff.

According to author Michael Wolff's book Fire and Fury, Priebus referred to Trump as an "idiot".

Post-White House career
After leaving the White House, Priebus returned to private practice as president and chief strategist of Michael Best, and signed to be a speaker with the Washington Speakers Bureau, working out of Washington, D.C. On June 10, 2019, Priebus was commissioned as an ensign in the United States Navy.

Priebus commissioned in the Navy Reserve as a human resources officer through its direct commission officer program and was attached to the Navy Operational Support Center in Washington, D.C. He was sworn in by vice president Mike Pence on June 10, 2019. Priebus noted his call to serve came after meeting with the wife and children of senior chief petty officer William Owens, a Navy SEAL who was killed early in the administration in a special operations raid in Yemen.

On February 11, 2020, Trump announced his intent to nominate and appoint Priebus to be a Member on the President's Commission on White House Fellowships. Sometime after the September 29 presidential debate with Joe Biden, Priebus told a friend that Trump called him and acted out a script which included declaring victory prematurely on election night, if it appeared that he was ahead in the ongoing vote count.

Priebus is the chairman of the host committee for the 2024 Republican National Convention in Milwaukee.

Priebus has been mentioned as a potential candidate for office in Wisconsin on multiple occasions, including during the 2022 gubernatorial race and 2024 U.S. Senate race.

Personal life
In 1999, Priebus married Sally L. Sherrow, whom he met in church when they were teenagers. They have two children. Priebus is an archon of the Greek Orthodox Church. He has an older sister who was a physician in the U.S. Navy.

References

External links

 File at PolitiFact Wisconsin

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1972 births
21st-century American politicians
American people of English descent
American people of German descent
American people of Greek descent
American people of Sudanese descent
Greek Orthodox Christians from the United States
Living people
People from Dover, New Jersey
Politicians from Kenosha, Wisconsin
People from Morris County, New Jersey
Politicians from Green Bay, Wisconsin
Republican National Committee chairs
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Reince Priebus


Fairfield House in 48 Van Diemen Street, Nelson, New Zealand, is registered with Heritage New Zealand as a Category I structure. Originally built in 1849, today's house was constructed as a residence for Arthur Atkinson in 1872. It was at some stage owned by the Nelson College for Girls, who used it as a boarding house. After the 1929 Murchison earthquake, boarders from Nelson College also moved in, as their hostel got damaged. The house was given to Nelson City Council in 1979 and was threatened with demolition. A community group formed that had the objective of saving the house. Alan Stanton moved into the derelict building as a squatter and started restoring it. Today, it is a community centre.

Atkinson, who was the brother of Premier Harry Atkinson, had an observation tower built onto the house in 1883, as his hobby was astronomy. He was tasked by the Royal Society to observe the transit of Venus in 1882.  The tower had at one point been demolished, but a replica has since been built.

References

Heritage New Zealand Category 1 historic places in the Nelson Region
Buildings and structures in Nelson, New Zealand
Houses completed in 1872
1870s architecture in New Zealand

Fairfield House, Nelson


Chalet Girl is a 2011 British-German-Austrian romance-comedy movie. It is about introducing people, romance and various family matters. Felicity Jones plays Kim Matthews. Brooke Shields plays Caroline. Sophia Bush plays Chloe.

This movie got mixed reviews from the critics. It was released in the United States in October 2011.

2011 romantic comedy movies
Austrian romance movies
Austrian comedy movies
British romantic comedy movies
2010s English-language movies
German romance movies
German comedy movies

Chalet Girl


Alfonsina  (English language:Alexandra) is a 1957  Argentine biographical film directed by Kurt Land and written by José María Fernández Unsáin. The film stars Amelia Bence as the poet Alfonsina Storni and actor Guillermo Murray.

Plot
The film opens with a wide shot of waves breaking ominously on the seashore, accompanied by Alfonsina's poetry. Another scene has Alfonsina looking into a fish-bowl and saying "I wonder what it would be like to live under the sea".

There is also an important scene where Alfonsina announces the news of her illness performed in a very different way from a Hollywood film.

Cast
 Amelia Bence as  Alfonsina Storni
 Alberto Berco
 José De Angelis
 Dorita Ferreyro
 Domingo Mania
 Alejandro Rey
 Marcela Sola

Production
Amelia Bence stars as the Argentine poet and journalist Alfonsina Storni was an Argentine poet and journalist who made a successful career in the rough macho world of reporting.

Kurt Land was originally from Vienna, so he has a romantic atmosphere somewhat similar to Ernst Lubitsch. This style of movie-making was dated even in 1957, but Alfonsina shows style in the voice over editing of the poetry reading.

Release
The film premiered in 1957.  It was one of the first and few Argentine films shot in widescreen CinemaScope in the 1950s and 60's.

References

External links

1957 films
1950s Spanish-language films
Argentine black-and-white films
Argentine biographical films
Films directed by Kurt Land
1950s biographical films
1950s Argentine films

Alfonsina (film)