.monster is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) owned by XYZ.com. Originally delegated in 2014 by the employment website Monster.com as a brand-specific domain name, .monster was acquired by XYZ in 2019 as a general domain.

History
Following the announcement in January 2012 that ICANN, the organization responsible for internet top-level domains, were accepting applications for new domain names, both the audio and video cable manufacturer Monster Cable and the employment website Monster.com sought to register the gTLD .monster as a dot-brand, a type of gTLD restricted to use by a specific company. Though they both applied prior to June 2012, the date ICANN revealed the names of early applicants, the matter of which would ultimately acquire the domain was not settled until late 2014. The two companies were scheduled to participate in an auction, ICANN's "mechanism of last resort" for unresolvable disputes over the owner of a domain, that December; a week prior, Monster Cables withdrew their application, leaving Monster.com to acquire the gTLD. Monster.com's application referred to .monster as a "restricted, exclusively-controlled gTLD" for which only the company themselves and "authorized business partners" could register domains, with parties who were unconnected to Monster.com or deemed to use .monster domains in ways that harmed the company's "brand reputation" at risk of suspension without warning.

Though dot-brand domain registrations were popular at the original launch of new gTLDs, many companies later relinquished them due to lack of use. Monster.com retired .monster in 2018, at which time it was picked up by XYZ.com with the intent of running it as a general-purpose TLD. It was the second former dot-brand to be repurposed as a general domain, following the 2016 acquisition of .observer from The Observer by Top Level Spectrum. Its thirty-day sunrise period, during which pre-existing trademark holders may register URLs prior to general availability to prevent domain squatting, launched 18 February 2019. .monster became available for general registration on 1 April 2019. 84 .monster domains were registered during the sunrise period, including cookie.monster, pocket.monster, and lochness.monster.

Usage
At the launch of .monster, XYZ.com CEO Daniel Negari referred to it as a "wacky and creative" domain for users wanting to metaphorically demonstrate being "a beast at what [they] do". Multiple commentators have described the use case of .monster as unclear, with James Sanders at TechRepublic saying "the 'who is this for' question is a difficult one to answer" and Andrew Allemann of Domain Name Wire feeling the announcement "seem[ed] like a bad April Fools' Day joke". The journalist and gTLD commentator Kevin Murphy compared .monster to .guru and .ninja, describing it as a "quirky" option but not necessarily one suitable for widespread use.

.monster has been associated with spamming and phishing. Research in 2023 by the cybersecurity analyst David Barnett and domain name brand manager Justin Hartland found .monster to be one of the thirty highest-threat TLDs for phishing attacks. The cybercrime prevention company Netcraft defines .monster as one of the TLDs with the highest ratio of "cybercrime incidents" to active websites, with around 1.2% of all active .monster domains in 2023 fitting Netcraft's definition of cybercriminality. .monster domains may be blocked by email providers; Jarland Donnell, owner of the email hosting service MXroute, said that same year that blocking emails from .monster domains had "a 0% correlation [with] blocking legitimate emails" and that every email from the gTLD his service received was spam. Donnell speculated that .monster itself was a "strategic spamming campaign" rather than a legitimate gTLD, stating his analysis of the networks from which .monster emails originated found a limited number of networks using a vast number of throwaway domains.

, there are 99,096 registered .monster domains, making up 0.29% of all domains. No registrar holds a majority of the .monster market share; NameCheap and Name.com hold 34.7% and 30.7% of .monster domains, respectively. Other registrars with significant .monster market share are NameSilo, GoDaddy, and Porkbun.

See also
The Spamhaus Project

References

Generic top-level domains

.monster


Southside House is a historical  home located on the south side of Wimbledon Common. It is Grade II* listed.

Dating back to Jacobean times, Southside House was originally a farm at either end of which were built two cottages. These cottages were knocked down, rebuilt and refurbished and, by the mid-1700s, they had become two townhouses joined by a wall. In the Georgian era, the two structures were doubled towards the South and the facade was unified.

In 1931, the house known originally as Southside House was bought by Hilda Pennington Mellor, who populated it with paintings, furniture and chattels brought from Villa Françon, a previous family residence in France. In the following decades, Malcolm Munthe, Hilda's son, would work renovating and restoring both Southside and Carefrae House, the adjacent property, purchased by the family in the early 1950s.

Over time, Southside would be associated with a variety of historical characters and episodes in Major Munthe's brilliant storytelling. As the only historical home in Merton, it fulfils an active role in fostering culture and education in the borough through concerts, literary evenings, school visits and other activities. It is run by the Pennington-Mellor-Munthe Charity Trust together with Hellens Manor, the family's country house in Herefordshire.

The house was sold to new owners in May 2022.

References

External links

Grade II* listed buildings in the London Borough of Merton
Houses in the London Borough of Merton
Historic house museums in London
Museums in the London Borough of Merton

Southside House


Commodore Augusto Lasserre (1826-1906) was an officer in the Argentine Navy. He was born in 1826 in Montevideo. Lasserre was promoted to the rank of captain on the 11 June 1852. Later he was promoted to Commander of the Argentine Navy.

Commodore Lasserre was instrumental in establishing Argentina's claims to Patagonian territories, including the Isla de los Estados and Tierra del Fuego. He established the San Juan del Salvamento lighthouse on the Isla de los Estados in May 1884, which functioned until 1899. Better known as "Faro del fin del mundo" ("Lighthouse at the end of the world"), it is believed to have inspired Jules Verne for his book 'The Lighthouse at the End of the World'. He is recognized as the founder of the City of Ushuaia in Tierra del Fuego. He was also active in engaging the Government of Bartolomé Mitre during the earliest attempts to recover the Falkland Islands in the late 19th century.

He died in Buenos Aires on September 20, 1906.

See also

Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands Province
Ushuaia
Yaghan language (only one speaker left)
Beagle conflict
The Voyage of the Beagle
Isla de los Estados

References

1826 births
1906 deaths
Military personnel from Montevideo
Officers of arms
History of Tierra del Fuego

Augusto Lasserre


Telecommunications cable is a type of guided transmission medium.
Telecommunications are based on transmitting and receiving modulated waves/signals through a medium.
Types of telecommunications cable include:
electrical cables when electric current is carried;
transmission lines and waveguides when electromagnetic waves are transmitted;
optical fibers when light signals are transmitted.

When the distances involved are very short, the term signal cable may be used, for analog or digital communication.
A data cable is used in digital data communications.
When the distance between the transmitter and receiver is very far, an unguided or wireless medium transmission may be used, based on antennas.

Examples include:
Ethernet cables (Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 6A)
Token Ring cables (Cat 4)
Coaxial cable mainly used for analog communication, sometimes used as a baseband digital data cable, such as in serial digital interface and thicknet and thinnet.
Optical fiber cable
 Serial cable and parallel cable
 Cat2 or telephone cord
USB cable

See also

Networking cable
Structured cabling
Submarine communications cables
Telecommunications power cable
Wired communication

References

Telecommunications cable


William Charles "Bill" Ayers (born December 26, 1944) is an American elementary education theorist. He is a former head of the Weather Underground. Ayers is known for speaking out against the Vietnam War in the 1960s. He is also known for his current work in trying to help make learning and teaching better. In 1969, Ayers started the Weather Underground. The Weather Underground is a group that call themselves a "communist revolutionary group". They carried out bombings against public buildings during the 1960s and 1970s. This was because the United States was being a part of the Vietnam War. Ayers is a professor in the College of Education at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He has the titles of Distinguished Professor of Education and Senior University Scholar. During the 2008 U.S. presidential election, a controversy was brought up over ties between Ayers and then Senator Barack Obama. Ayers is married to Bernadine Dohrn. She was also a member of the Weather Underground.

Early life

Bill Ayers grew up in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. Glen Ellyn is just outside Chicago. He went to public schools there until his second year of high school. After this he started going to Lake Forest Academy. It is a smaller prep school. Ayers received a B.A. from the University of Michigan in American studies in 1968. He is the son of Thomas G. Ayers. His father used to be chairman and CEO of Commonwealth Edison.

In 1965, Ayers was part of a group who were protesting at a restaurant in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The restaurant would not serve African Americans. Ayers' first arrest came when he took part in a sit-in at a local draft board. He sat in jail for ten days. Shortly after his arrest, he landed his first teaching job at the Children's Community School. This small preschool was run from a local church basement. The preschool was part of a larger movement across the United States called the "free school movement". Schools that were part of this movement had no grades or report cards. Instead, they tried to work on getting students to cooperate with each other and work together instead of competing. The teachers allowed the students to call them by their first names. After teaching for only a few months, at the age of 21, Ayers became the head of the school. There he also met Diana Oughton, who would be his girlfriend until her death in an explosion in 1970.

Beginnings with the Weathermen
Ayers became part of the New Left and the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) in the early 1960s. In 1968 and 1969, Ayers became well known as a head of the SDS. He was head of a smaller SDS group called the "Jesse James Gang". Ayers made important changes to Weatherman beliefs about being militant (ready to fight for the cause). The group that Ayers headed in Detroit, Michigan became one of the first groups that would turn into the Weathermen. Before the June 1969 SDS convention, Ayers became an important head of the group. This came about due to a split in the group.

In June 1969, the Weathermen took over the SDS at its convention. Ayers was made Education Secretary. Later in 1969, Ayers helped to place a bomb at a statue that was made to honor policemen that were killed. The bomb blast broke almost 100 windows and blew parts of the statue onto a nearby street. (The statue was rebuilt and unveiled on May 4, 1970, and blown up again by other Weathermen on October 6, 1970. While they were putting it back together, the city put a 24-hour guard around it to stop another attack. In January 1972, it was moved to Chicago Police headquarters. Ayers was also part of the Days of Rage riot that took place in Chicago in 1969. He was also a part of the "War Council" meeting that happened in Flint, Michigan. Two big decisions came from the "War Council". The first was to start a violent, armed resistance (using bombs, and robberies) against the government. The second was to start underground (secret) groups in important cities around the country. An FBI informant named Larry Grathwohl, who pretended to be a Weatherman in 1969, said that "Ayers, along with Bernardine Dohrn, probably had the most authority within the Weatherman".

Years underground
In 1970, Weatherman members Ted Gold, Terry Robbins, and Diana Oughton were killed when a bomb they were building blew up. This was called the Greenwich Village town house explosion. Ayers and several other Weathermen were able to avoid being caught following this explosion. Ayers was not facing charges at this time, but the federal government later brought charges against him. Ayers was part of the bombings of New York City Police Department headquarters in 1970, the United States Capitol building in 1971, and the Pentagon in 1972. Ayers wrote, in 2001, that: Although the bomb that rocked the Pentagon was itsy-bitsy - weighing close to two pounds - it caused 'tens of thousands of dollars' of damage. The operation cost under $500, and no one was killed or even hurt.

Some new reports have said that Ayers, Dohrn, or the Weatherman took part in the 1970 San Francisco Police Department bombing. However, neither Ayers, nor anyone else has ever been charged with this crime.

In 1973, it was discovered that the FBI were focusing on the Weatherman as well as the New Left. This was part of several secret, and sometimes illegal FBI projects called COINTEL. Because the FBI agents had broken the law, the government asked that all weapons and bomb charges be dropped against the Weather Underground. This included charges against Ayers.

However, there were still state charges against Dohrn. Dohrn did not want to turn herself in to the police. "He was sweet and patient, as he always is, to let me come to my senses on my own", she later said of Ayers. She finally turned herself in, in 1980. She was fined $1,500 and given three years probation.

In 1973 Ayers helped write the book Prairie Fire with others who were part of the Weather Underground. They dedicated the book to almost 200 people, including Harriet Tubman, John Brown, 'All Who Continue to Fight', 'All Political Prisoners in the U.S.', and Sirhan Sirhan, who was convicted of killing Robert F. Kennedy.

Looking back on the underground period

Fugitive Days: A Memoir
In 2001, Ayers wrote Fugitive Days: A Memoir. He said Fugitive Days tried to answer the questions of Kathy Boudin's son and his statement that Diana Oughton died trying to stop the Greenwich Village bomb makers. Some have questioned the truth, accuracy, and tone of the book. Brent Staples wrote for The New York Times Book Review that "Ayers reminds us often that he can't tell everything without endangering people involved in the story. Historian Jesse Lemisch (who was also a member of the SDS) said that Ayers' memories were wrong. Ayers, in the beginning of his book, says that it was written as his personal memories and was not a research project.

Statements made in 2001
Chicago Magazine said that "just before the September 11 attacks", Richard Elrond, who was hurt in the "Days of Rage", was given an apology from Ayers and Dohrn. "[T]hey were remorseful," Elrod says. "They said, 'We're sorry that things turned out this way.'" Ayers gave a lot of interviews before his book was published. In these interviews he defended his history of radical words and actions. Some of the articles were written before the September 11 attacks and appeared right after. Many comments were made by the media comparing the statements that Ayers was making about his past just as a terrorist incident shocked the public.

A lot of the controversy about Ayers in the years since 2000 comes from an interview that he gave to The New York Times. The reporter quoted him as saying "I don't regret setting bombs" and "I feel we didn't do enough". When asked if he would "do it all again," he said "I don't want to discount the possibility." Ayers questioned the interviewer's way of describing him in a "Letter to the Editor" on September 15 2001. In his letter, Ayers wrote: "This is not a question of being misunderstood or 'taken out of context', but of deliberate distortion." In the following years, Ayers has said that what he meant by saying that he had "no regrets" and "we didn't do enough" he was talking about their efforts to stop the US from fighting in the Vietnam War. He said these efforts were ". . . inadequate [as] the war dragged on for a decade." Ayers has repeatedly said that the two statements did not mean that he wished they had set more bombs.

Views since 2001
Ayers was asked in a 2004 interview, "How do you feel about what you did? Would you do it again under similar circumstances?" He said: "I've thought about this a lot. Being almost 60, it's impossible to not have lots and lots of regrets about lots and lots of things, but the question of did we do something that was horrendous, awful? ... I don't think so. I think what we did was to respond to a situation that was unconscionable." On September 9, 2008, journalist Jake Tapper talked about the comic strip in Ayers' blog, where he explained the soundbite: "The one thing I don't regret is opposing the war in Vietnam with every ounce of my being.... When I say, 'We didn't do enough,' a lot of people rush to think, 'That must mean, "We didn't bomb enough shit."' But that's not the point at all. It's not a tactical statement, it's an obvious political and ethical statement. In this context, 'we' means 'everyone.'"

In 2008, Ayers said this about his actions:
The Weather Underground crossed lines of legality, of propriety and perhaps even of common sense. Our effectiveness can be — and still is being — debated.
He also again defended his actions against charges of terrorism:
The Weather Underground went on to take responsibility for placing several small bombs in empty offices.... We did carry out symbolic acts of extreme vandalism directed at monuments to war and racism, and the attacks on property, never on people, were meant to respect human life and convey outrage and determination to end the Vietnam war.

Political views
In an interview that Ayers gave in 1995, he said of his political beliefs in the 1960s and 1970s: "I am a radical, Leftist, small 'c' communist ... [Laughs] Maybe I'm the last communist who is willing to admit it. [Laughs] We have always been small 'c' communists in the sense that we were never in the Communist party and never Stalinists. The ethics of communism still appeal to me. I don't like Lenin as much as the early Marx. I also like Henry David Thoreau, Mother Jones and Jane Addams [...]" In 1970 Ayers was called "a national leader" of the Weatherman organization and "one of the chief theoreticians of the Weathermen" by The New York Times.

The Weatherman started off as part of the Revolutionary Youth Movement (RYM) within the SDS. They split from the RYM's Maoists saying they had no time to build another party. They also said that war against the United States government and capitalism should begin right away. Their founding paper called for the creation of a "white fighting force" to fight with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other "anti-colonial' movements. to achieve "the destruction of US imperialism and the achievement of a classless world: world communism." In June 1974, the Underground released their 151-page work called "Prairie Fire". "Prairie Fire" said that: "We are a guerrilla organization [...] We are communist women and men underground in the United States [...]" The Weatherman's leaders, including Ayers, wanted radical changes to sexual relations and used the slogan "Smash Monogamy".

Claims by Grathwohl
Larry Grathwohl, who was an FBI agent who joined the Underground, said that Ayers wanted to overthrow the United States government. In an interview that he gave in January 2009, Grathwohl said that:

"The thing the most bone chilling thing Bill Ayers said to me was that after the revolution succeeded and the government was overthrown, they believed they would have to eliminate 25 million Americans who would not conform to the new order."

Ayers replied:

"Never said it. Never thought it. And again, Larry Grathwohl, I don't know him today, but certainly the FBI was an organization built on lies."

In an interview with ABC7 reporter Alan Wang, Ayers said that "Now that's being blown into dishonest narratives about hurting people, killing people, planning to kill people. That's just not true. We destroyed government property," said Ayers. However, when asked if he ever made bombs, Ayers replied: "I'm just not going to talk about it."

Relationship with President Obama
During the 2008 U.S. presidential election, a controversy started about Ayers' contact with then-Senator Barack Obama. This had been well known in Chicago for years. After being raised by the British press The ties between Ayers and Obama was written about by blogs and newspapers in the United States. The issue was also talked about in a debate by moderator George Stephanopoulos. It later became an issue for John McCain's campaign. "The New York Times", CNN, and several other news groups said that Obama does not have a close friendship with Ayers. After the election, Ayers said he did not have any close ties with Obama and condemned the Republicans for using "guilt by association" tactics. In a new afterword to his book, he added a note saying that he knew the Obamas "as neighbors and family friends." But in an interview with Good Morning America, Ayers said the afterword was "describing there how the blogosphere characterized the relationship."

Academic career
Ayers teaches at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He mainly focuses on social justice, fixing education in urban areas, children who are in trouble with the law and related issues.

He began working as a teacher at the Children's Community School (CCS). CCS was started by a group of students and based on the Summerhill way of teaching. After he left the underground, he earned an Masters in Education (M.Ed.) from Bank Street College in Early Childhood Education (1983)), an M.Ed. from Teachers College, Columbia University in Early Childhood Education (1987) and an Ed.D. from Teachers College, Columbia University in Curriculum and Instruction (1987).

He has edited and written many books and articles. They usually have to deal with education. He has also been on many panels and symposia.

Personal life
Ayers is married to Bernardine Dohrn. Dohrn was also part of the Weather Underground. They have two adult children and they share custody of Chesa Boudin. Boudin is the son of two former Underground members who were put in jail. Chesa Boudin went on to win a Rhodes Scholarship. Ayers and Dohrn live in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago.

In 1997 Chicago awarded him its Citizen of the Year award for his work on the Chicago Annenberg Challenge project.

References

Other websites

 Ayers' Blog
 Which Way The Wind Blows: Bill Ayers On Obama Post-election interview with Bill Ayers by Terry Gross of NPR's Fresh Air, November 18, 2008.
 November 2008, radio interview on Democracy Now! part one part two
 Transcript of interview in 1996 with Bernardine Dohrn and Bill Ayers , PBS

1944 births
Living people
American political activists
Columbia University alumni
American communists
American political writers
Educators from Chicago
Writers from Chicago
Businesspeople from Chicago

Bill Ayers


L'Association des Scouts du Canada (ASC) is a Canadian Scouting organization. ASC is a World Organization of the Scout Movement "affiliated organization" through affiliation with Scouts Canada. Scouts du Canada primarily serves French speaking Scouting in Canada.

History

The first Canadian Scouting unit was founded in 1908. In 1925, Longueuil teacher Georges-Henri Sainte-Marie started his own unit in the Saint-Antoine de Longueuil parish and decided not to affiliate with the Canadian branch of The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom. In 1928 a group of five troops located in Montreal created a separate association, the . The ASC was created in 1961 and in 1975 three new federations were created-Ontario, Atlantic, and West.

In June 1994, the Association des Guides Francophones du Canada (AGFC), the association of French-speaking Guides of Canada, voted against a new protocol from the Girl Guides of Canada which asked for the return to female-only leaders and management, which would have resulted in the loss of approximately 60% of adult members, many of whom were men. In August of the same year the AGFC recommended to its members to join with the ASC and in October it became official. Some members continued as Les Guides franco-canadiennes.

In October 2004 the four federations were dissolved and the 40 districts are now under the direct responsibility of the ASC.

The gold Jerusalem Cross with the fleur-de-lis was the symbol of the ASC, based on the emblem of the Scouts de France which was designed by Father Jacques Sévin SJ, adding a superimposed maple leaf, the most widely recognized national symbol of Canada.

World Events hosted by Association des Scouts du Canada
 14th World Scout Moot: 2013, Awacamenj Mino Camp, Québec

Youth
The Association des Scouts du Canada has eight distinct programs:

Each one of these use a precise program. The number of youth per unit varies from 5 to 30 youth and adults, 1 adult per 5 to 8 youth, depending on their age. There are unisex units as well as mixed units. When a unit is a female only one, they can either use a girls-only program or the boys (mixed gender) one.

The association was built on the Catholic religion, but Canada being a multicultural country, their official stance on religion is left to each individual unit (some units include Muslim members, for example).

Locations

Though the association has units in every province, a large number of members are located in the province of Quebec. At present, the biggest district is located in the city of Montreal.

Neckerchief
No matter which association, in Canada there is only one official set of colours for the neckerchief (for Scouts), which is blue with a yellow border. ASC authorizes units to have their own colours, however, and these are permitted to be worn during everyday types of activities. It is only necessary that members wear the official Scouts Canada necktie at national and international level events.

Uniforms
The uniforms authorized for ASC members are different than those worn by members of Scouts Canada. Except for Beavers, who wear a yellow T-shirt, all uniforms consist of a coloured shirt (the colour depends on the branch (age group) of the ASC), beige-khaki pants, a neckerchief, and a leather belt. The colour of the shirt is green for 9- to 11-year-olds, blue for 12- to 14-year-olds, red for 15- to 18-year-olds, and pale grey for 18- to 21-year-olds. Scout leaders wear the same colour as the youth that they are in charge of. Since both girls and boys wear the same uniform (whether they are in single-sex or mixed-gender units), the only way to know which program they belong to is by looking at their badges, which are quite different from one another.

Adults
There are three primary functions served by adults in the association. Even as adults, members may progress further and be eligible to receive awards.

Monitors
Monitors are those who have contact with youth members in person. They organize activities following the VCPREF method as suggested by the ASC. Their mission is to assist the youth in developing their physical, spiritual, intellectual, social and affective potential. Such (adult) leaders are eligible for the following awards: Gilwell knot (Noeud de Gilwell), and the Wood Badge (Badge de bois).

Trainers
These adult members are in charge of training and assisting Monitors.

Managers
Managers help monitors by doing administrative tasks such working in areas of the organization such as budget, census, communication, etc.

VCPREF method
The VCPREF method is a project management method that is widely used throughout the Association des Scouts du Canada. It consists of the following six steps (parts):
 Voulu (Wanted)
 Choisi (Chosen)
 Préparé (Prepared)
 Réalisé (Realized)
 Évalué (Evaluated)
 Fêté (Rewarded)

See also
 Guides franco-canadiennes
 Scouting in Québec

Publications
The ASC publishes the following materials for their members:
 Castors en plongée (7- to 8-year-olds), 2000
 L'Itinéraire des Hirondelles (7- to 8-year-old girls), 2000
 Meute en chasse (9- to 11-year-olds), 2002
 Réseau en exploration (9- to 11-year-old girls), 1996
 Parcours d'Éclaireurs (11- to 14-year-olds), 1998
 Le Club des Intrépides (11- to 14-year-old girls), 1996
 Cimes (14- to 17-year-olds), 1995

References

External links
 Official website of the Association des Scouts du Canada (French)

Scouting and Guiding in Canada
Charities based in Canada
World Organization of the Scout Movement member organizations
Youth organizations established in 1961

Association des Scouts du Canada


North Springfield is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in the town of Springfield, Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the CDP was 573. It lies at an altitude of 495 feet (151 m). A post office has been operated in North Springfield since 1832. Black River Produce, a major food processor and distributor, is headquartered in the village.

It is the location of the Stellafane Observatory, which is a National Historic Landmark.

References

Census-designated places in Vermont
Census-designated places in Windsor County, Vermont

North Springfield, Vermont


was a Japanese poet and painter. He was a recipient of the Yomiuri Prize.

Biography
Mitsuharu Kaneko was born in Tsushima, Aichi and attended the private Catholic school Gyosei Gakuen in Tokyo.  He published his first poetry collection Akatsuchi no Ie (Red Clay House) in 1919.  He was known as an anti-establishment figure, and during the Second World War, he deliberately made his son ill, so he would not be drafted.  As well as publishing several volumes of poetry, he was also known for his autobiographical works. In 1954, he received the 5th Yomiuri Prize.

Selected bibliography

Poetry
Kohro (The Censor), private edition, Tokyo, 1916
Sekido no ie (The House of Red Clay), private edition, Tokyo, 1919
Koganemushi (Japanese Beetle), Shinchosha, Tokyo, 1923
Dai-furan shoh (Ode to Great Putrefaction), unpublished, 1923
Mizu no ruroh (Wanderings of Water), Shinchosha, Tokyo, 1926
Fuka shizumu (The Shark Sinks), co-authored with Mori Michiyo, Shinchosha, Tokyo, 1927
Same (Sharks), Jinminsha, Tokyo, 1937
Rakkasan (Parachute), Nihon mirai-ha hakkosho, Tokyo, 1948
Ga (Moth), Hokutoshoin, Tokyo, 1948
Onna-tachi e no eregii (Elegies to Women), Sogensha, Tokyo, 1949
Oni no ko no uta (Songs of a Devil's Child), Jyuhjiya Shoten, Tokyo, 1949
Ningen no higeki (Human Tragedy), Sogensha, Tokyo, 1952
Hijoh (Merciless), Shinchosha, Tokyo, 1955
Collected Poems (5 volumes), Shoshi Yuriika/Shoushinsha, Tokyo, 1960–1971
He no yoh na uta (Songs Like a Fart), Schichosha, Tokyo, 1962
IL, Keisoshobo, Tokyo, 1965
Wakaba no uta (Songs of Young Leaves), Keisoshobo, Tokyo, 1967
Complete Poems, Chikumashobo, Tokyo, 1967
Aijyo 69 (Love 69), Chikumashobo, Tokyo, 1968
Hana to akibin (Flowers and Empty Bottles), Seigashobo, Tokyo, 1973

Essays
Marei Ran'in Kikoh (Malay and Dutch East Indies Travelogue), 1940
Shijin (Poet), Heibonsha, Tokyo, 1957, an autobiography
Dokuro-hai (Skull Cup), Chuoh kohron sha, Tokyo, 1971
Nemure pari (Go to Sleep, Paris), Chuo kohron sha, Tokyo, 1973
Nishi higashi (West and East), Chuoh kohron sha, Tokyo, 1974

Works in English
Opposition in 99 Poems in Translation, New York, Grove Press, 1994

References

External links
Poetry International Rotterdam

1895 births
1975 deaths
People from Tsushima, Aichi
Artists from Aichi Prefecture
20th-century Japanese poets
Yomiuri Prize winners
Writers from Aichi Prefecture

Mitsuharu Kaneko


Julius Chaloff (September 2, 1892 – October 28, 1979) was an American pianist and composer. Born of Russian parentage in Boston, Massachusetts, he was the son of Cantor Israel Chaloff, of Congregation Ohabei Shalom, then located in Boston.  In 1919, he married a fellow musician, Margaret Stedman.  Chaloff was the father of jazz baritone saxophonist Serge Chaloff. Serge gained his earliest prominence as a member of Woody Herman's second herd also known as the Four Brothers. Chaloff was also father of Richard Stedman Chaloff Sr. who founded Stedman Ltd. of Brookline, one of the first custom audio / video installation businesses in the country. Chaloff was married to piano instructor Madame Margaret Chaloff, née Stedman, whose students included Keith Jarrett, Kenny Werner, Chick Corea, Herbie Hancock, Mulgrew Miller, Toshiko Akiyoshi, and Steve Kuhn.

As a child, Chaloff showed exceptional musical talent, and at the age of eleven entered the New England Conservatory of Music, studying piano with Alfred Devoto. He studied at this institution for six years and was the youngest student to receive a diploma, graduating with high honors at the age of 17. During the senior year he won the first Mason and Hamlin prize piano contest, the judges being George W. Chadwick, Charles Martin Loeffler, and Dr. Max Fiedler.

Chaloff spent many years in Europe, four of which were spent in Berlin where he worked with the Polish pianist Ignaz Friedman. He also composed and conducted with Hugo Kaun. His debut in Berlin with the Blüthner Orchestra, January 18, 1913, was a marked success.

In 1913, Charles F. Stoddard, a mechanical genius, invented and perfected the reproducing piano of the American Piano Company (Ampico). This instrument preserved for posterity the artistry of the golden era of great piano virtuosi. Almost all of the eminent concert pianists of the US, including such personalities as Rachmaninoff and Lhevinne, recorded for the Ampico. Julius Chaloff was among these artists. A few of the compositions that have been preserved onto a very rare and limited number of LP's which were recorded by Julius Chaloff are:

 Prelude, Fugue and Variation by Caesar Franck
 Barcarolle in F sharp major, Op. 60 by Chopin
 Ballade in F minor, Op. 52, No. 4 by Chopin
 Nocturne in D flat major by Debussy
 Viennese Dance, No. 1, in G flat major by Friedman-Gartner
 Memories, Op. 14, No. 1 by Chaloff
 Elle Danse by Friedman
 Islamey (Oriental Fantasie) by Balakirev

References
Mason & Hamlin Co. "Julius Chaloff: Pianist" Mason & Hamlin Pianoforte
AMPICO Piano Roll #65343, Chopin Ballade No 4 in F minor, Played By Julius Chaloff on a Mason & Hamlin RCC
https://web.archive.org/web/20080604013843/http://glorat.home.mchsi.com/Ampico_Demonstrations/Podcast_2/Entries/2008/5/25_65343_Chopin_Ballade_No_4_in_F_minor.html

1892 births
1979 deaths
American male composers
Musicians from Boston
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
20th-century American composers
20th-century American pianists
American male pianists
20th-century American male musicians

Julius Chaloff


Team and Concepts (TnC) is a Hong Kong-based company founded by David K. F. Lee and others in 2003.  It is known as the provider of the Web 2.0 online spreadsheet, EditGrid.

TnC was founded in 2003 in the height of SARS by a group of young entrepreneurs still in their university studies.  It started as an information service provider for event organisers; its first product, PEM, was an award-winning web-based event scheduling software.  In early 2006, upon securing the Hong Kong Government's funding from the Innovation and Technology Fund, it moved into the Web 2.0 business and launched EditGrid to public in April 2006.  One of TnC's Founders was nominated by BusinessWeek as one of the 20 Asia's Best Entrepreneurs under 25 in August 2006.

In June 2007, EditGrid announced a $1.25 million series A investment from the WI Harper Group.

See also

 EditGrid

References

Software companies of Hong Kong
Companies established in 2003

Team and Concepts


The Last Avengers Story is a two-issue prestige format mini-series from Marvel Comics released in November and December 1995. It was written by Peter David and illustrated by Ariel Olivetti.

Publication history
The series was written in 1986 by Peter David, but it was shelved due to editorial meddling with the plot. David wanted a character-driven story, but his editors wanted a more action driving storyline. The series was revived when it was published as part of the Alterniverse, a subset of the What If? comic book which focused upon darker, bleaker stories.

Plot
The robot Ultron, wanting revenge on the superhero team the Avengers for constant defeats, places a document detailing their downfall in a time capsule. When the time-travelling villain Kang the Conqueror finds the document centuries later, and having been thwarted by the Avengers himself, he travels back to their time to kill the team. The old Avengers, however, have disbanded and been replaced by a less dedicated group. Kang kills the entire team by detonating a nuclear weapon over Avengers Mansion.

With many of the old Avengers such as Captain America, Thor, Iron Man, Quicksilver, and the Scarlet Witch either dead or missing for years, Henry Pym reluctantly forms another team. The unit consists of his wife the Wasp; Hawkeye and his wife Mockingbird; the mutant Cannonball; sorcerer Tommy Maximoff (son of the android Vision and the Scarlet Witch); Jessie Wingfoot (daughter of She-Hulk and Wyatt Wingfoot) and two mercenaries called Hotshot and Bombshell, supposed children of the Black Knight and Hercules respectively.

In a flashback, it is shown that Wonder Man and Tigra died in a fight with a surprisingly evil Hulk, who, after Tigra tries to claw his eyes out over his treachery, promptly and brutally tears her in two right in front of her good friend Wonder Man's eyes.  In his rage Wonder Man takes on the Hulk.  After a long battle Hulk is actually able to penetrate Wonder Man's impervious skin, to the shock and amazement of both.  Wonder Man uses the opportunity to grab and hold Hulk as he ignites the radioactive fluid leaking from his chest subsequently killing both of them and blinding Hawkeye.

Together Pym's team confronts Kang—now allied with Ultron, the new Grim Reaper and a creature called Oddball—and in a battle to the death, many of the Avengers are murdered before finally killing all the villains.  Hawkeye discovers that Captain America, who was formerly President of the United States and believed assassinated, is still alive and recuperating, and had watched the entire battle.

Collected editions
The series was collected into a trade paperback () and the premiere hardcover Avengers: First To Last along with the Avengers Classic series ().

References

External links

Avengers (comics) titles

The Last Avengers Story


"Secret Messages" is a song recorded by Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) and is the title track (and opening track) of the 1983 album Secret Messages.

The song begins with strange effects and a backmasked voice (saying "welcome to the show") followed by a burst of morse code spelling out E.L.O., something Jeff Lynne did also 10 years earlier on "Ocean Breakup/King of the Universe" from On the Third Day. The song and album were recorded very much tongue in cheek with Jeff Lynne's love of hidden messages in songs.

The single peaked at 48 in the UK Singles Chart and at number 14 in the Irish Singles Chart.

Parts of the music video featuring a radio telescope were filmed at Jodrell Bank in Cheshire, England.

Chart history

References

1983 songs
1983 singles
Electric Light Orchestra songs
Song recordings produced by Jeff Lynne
Songs written by Jeff Lynne
Jet Records singles

Secret Messages (song)


The City of Novi Sad Serbia has several industrial zones, which are, unlike non-industrial neighborhoods, mostly used for industrial purposes.

List of industrial zones in Novi Sad

Marija Snežna (Radna Zona Istok)
Rasadnik (Radna Zona Zapad)
Radna Zona Sever I (Industrijska Zona Sever)
Radna Zona Sever II (Industrijska Zona Jug)
Radna Zona Sever III
Radna Zona Sever IV
Rimski Šančevi
Zapadna Privredna Zona (Radna Zona Zapad)
Pobeda (Radna Zona Istok)
Deponija

Marija Snežna

Marija Snežna is a name for one part of Radna Zona Istok (Work Zone East) in Petrovaradin, located in the south-east of Sadovi neighborhood.

Rasadnik

Rasadnik is a name for one part of Radna Zona Zapad (Work Zone West) in Novo Naselje, located in the western part of this neighborhood. Main company located in this industrial zone is "Javno Gradsko Saobraćajno Preduzeće" (a city public transportation company).

Radna Zona Sever I

Radna Zona Sever I (Work Zone North I), also known as Industrijska Zona Sever (Industrial Zone North), is located on the northern bank of Danube-Tisa-Danube Channel near neighborhoods of Klisa and Gornje Livade.

Radna Zona Sever II

Radna Zona Sever II (Work Zone North II), also known as Industrijska Zona Jug (Industrial Zone South), is located on the southern bank of Danube-Tisa-Danube Channel near neighborhoods of Salajka, Pervazovo Naselje, Banatić, Detelinara, Avijatičarsko Naselje, Jugovićevo, and Sajlovo.

Radna Zona Sever III

Radna Zona Sever III (Work Zone North III) is located in the northern part of Podbara neighborhood, on the southern bank of Danube-Tisa-Danube Channel.

Radna Zona Sever IV

Radna Zona Sever IV (Work Zone North IV) is the largest industrial zone in the city. It is located in north-eastern part of Novi Sad near neighborhoods of Šangaj, Mali Beograd, Mišin Salaš and Veliki Rit. City oil refinery is located in this industrial zone. Refinery was heavily devastated by NATO bombs during NATO bombing of Novi Sad in 1999.

Rimski Šančevi

Industrial zone Rimski Šančevi is located in the northern part of the city near neighborhoods of Klisa and Gornje Livade.

Zapadna Privredna Zona

Zapadna Privredna Zona (West Economic Zone) or Radna Zona Zapad (Work Zone West) is located in eastern part of Novo Naselje neighborhood. There are several factories located in this industrial zone: "Jugoalat" (a factory for production of cutting tools), "Jugodent" (a factory for production of dentist equipment), "Dunav" (a factory for production of orthopedic equipment), etc.

Pobeda

Pobeda is a name for one part of Radna Zona Istok (Work Zone East) in Petrovaradin.

Deponija

Deponija (garbage dump) or Gradska Deponija (city garbage dump) is industrial zone located in northern part of the city, in which city garbage dump is located.

See also
Neighborhoods of Novi Sad

References
Jovan Mirosavljević, Brevijar ulica Novog Sada 1745-2001, Novi Sad, 2002.
Program radova na uređivanju građevinskog zemljišta za 2003. godinu, Zavod Za Izgradnju Grada, Novi Sad.
Zoran Rapajić, Novi Sad bez tajni, Beograd, 2002.

External links
Map of Novi Sad

Novi Sad neighborhoods

Industrial zones in Novi Sad


The Troll by Julia Donaldson with illustrations by David Roberts is a children's story about a troll and some pirates.

Plot

The troll in this story is based on the troll from the Three Billy Goats Gruff fairy tale. However, in this story, no goats ever cross the troll's bridge and he is forced to survive on fish that he catches from the river. He does encounter, in turn, a spider, a mouse and a rabbit, each of which convinces the troll not to eat them by telling him that he should try a bridge further down the river that is more suitable for capturing goats as he is "sick of fish". Meanwhile, the pirate captain Hank Chief and his crew (Peg Polkadot, Ben Buckle, and Percy Patch) are searching for the treasure that is marked on their map, but are unable to locate the correct island. The pirates also display very poor culinary skills. Eventually, the troll reaches the sea and realises that he has been tricked by the other animals; he sees what he thinks are goat tracks in the sand and sets about laying a trap for the goat in a spot not too far from the location on the pirate's treasure map. He duly discovers an old chest when digging a large hole to ensnare his prey and throws away the "round shiny objects" he finds therein. He decides to lie in wait in the chest for the goat and falls asleep. Predictably, the pirates then arrive and make off with their "treasure"; upon opening the chest the pirates decide to make the troll walk the plank, until Peg discovers the troll's frying pan and cookbook. On discovering the troll's culinary talents, they agree to spare the troll and make him their cook. The troll is delighted and proceeds to tell the pirates that he will make them his favourite goat stew only to be advised, to his horror, that all the pirates desire is fish.

References

British picture books
Children's fiction books
2009 children's books
Macmillan Publishers books
British children's books

The Troll


Ruth Stiles Gannett Kahn (born August 12, 1923) is an American children's writer best known for My Father's Dragon and its two sequels—collectively sometimes called the My Father's Dragon or the Elmer and the Dragons series or trilogy.

Education
Gannett graduated from City and Country School in Greenwich Village, New York City, in the class of 1937. There, she recalled in 2012, "she benefited from being 'allowed and encouraged to write for fun' at certain times of the day". She then attended the George School and Vassar College, graduating with a B.A. in chemistry in 1944.

Early career
After graduating from Vassar, Gannett moved to Boston where she worked at Boston General Hospital and then at the Massachusetts Radiation Laboratory. She then worked at a ski lodge, and afterward returned to live with her parents which is where she completed work on her most defining work. In 1947 the year her seminal work was published she married Peter Kahn.

Writing career
Gannett's first novel, My Father's Dragon, was published by Random House in 1948 and was a runner-up for the annual Newbery Medal recognizing the year's "most distinguished contribution" to American children's literature. She wrote two more novels in that series, Elmer and the Dragon and The Dragons of Blueland. The books were illustrated by Ruth Chrisman Gannett, her stepmother, and the typography was designed by her husband, H. Peter Kahn. They have been translated into fourteen languages.

Gannett wrote two other short children's novels, The Wonderful House-Boat-Train (1949) and Katie and the Sad Noise (1961), illustrated by Fritz Eichenberg and Ellie Simmons.

Kirkus Reviews covered two of the books briefly, showing disappointment in both Gannett's and Eichenberg's work on the house-boat-train and unusual enthusiasm for Gannett's story in a starred review of The Dragons of Blueland.

Personal life
Ruth Gannett married artist, art history professor, and calligrapher H. Peter Kahn, (1921–1997). The couple had seven daughters and eight grandchildren at the time of Kahn's death. She lives near Trumansburg, New York, near Cornell University, where Peter Kahn was employed for forty years. She is the great-granddaughter of Ezra Stiles Gannett.

Works

My Father's Dragon series
Sometimes called the "Elmer and the Dragons series", the three short novels were written by Ruth Stiles Gannett and illustrated by her stepmother Ruth Chrisman Gannett.
 My Father's Dragon (Random House, 1948)
 Elmer and the Dragon (Random House, 1950)
 The Dragons of Blueland (Random House, 1951)
50th Anniversary omnibus edition: Three Tales of My Father's Dragon (Random House, 1998), .

Other
 The Wonderful House-boat-train, illustrated by Fritz Eichenberg (Random, 1949), 63 pp.
 Katie and the Sad Noise, illus. Ellie Simmons (Random, 1961), 61 pp.

Gannett introduced the 1991 Yearling edition of Edith Nesbit's collection The Book of Dragons (), later issued in the Looking Glass Library (2013, ).

Notes

References

External links
 Author biography from Random House
 Information on Ruth Stiles Gannett

 Ruth Chrisman Gannett at LC Authorities, with 16 records (mainly under 'Gannett, Ruth Chrisman' without '1896–1979', previous page of browse report)

1923 births
Living people
American children's writers
Newbery Honor winners
People from Trumansburg, New York
Vassar College alumni
Writers from New York City

Ruth Stiles Gannett


Rodrigo Nehme (born Rodrigo Vázquez Nehme; 22 August 1982 in Mexico City) is a Mexican actor known for his performance in the Mexican telenovela Rebelde as Nico Huber.

Rodrigo Nehme was born to a Mexican father, Jorge Vázquez Fernández Leal, and a Mexican mother of Lebanese descent, Monica Nehme El Azar. He was brought up in Guadalajara along with his older sister, where he studied in the American School Foundation of Guadalajara  (not to be confused with the American School Foundation  in Mexico City). Later on he lived in Ensenada, Baja California, He then returned to Mexico City where he discovered his true passion, acting. He started modeling at 16 years old doing commercials for TV. During that time, he was asked to host the cooking section of a TV program, and then he studied at the "Centro de Educación Artística"  (Artistic Education Center) in Mexico City. Nehme got his break by playing Nico, a Jewish teenager, in Rebelde, a highly successful Mexican series. He has also participated in several other programs produced by Televisa.

He is currently the CBO for Grupo Once .

Filmography
El Club (2002) TV series, Host, Televisa
Rebelde (2004–06) TV series, Televisa
Celebremos México: Hecho en México (2005) TV program, Host, Televisa
Mujer, Casos de la Vida Real (2006) TV series, Televisa
Che-k-T-esto (2006) TV series, Host, Televisa
Cheetah Girls 2 (2006), TV movie, uncredited performer
AMD (2006) TV series, Televisa
Las Vecinas (2006) TV series, Jorvi Entertainment/USA
Mujer, La Serie (2007) TV miniseries, Televisa
Decisiones (2007) TV series, Telemundo/RTI
Estilos (2007) TV program, RCN/Colombia
Ugly Betty (2007) TV series, ABC/Televisa
Maria de Todos Los Angeles (2008) TV series, Televisa

External links

1982 births
Living people
Mexican male television actors
Mexican male telenovela actors
Mexican people of Lebanese descent
Male actors from Mexico City
Male actors from Guadalajara, Jalisco
21st-century Mexican male actors

Rodrigo Nehme


Rev. John Maverick (1578-1636) was the first minister of the First Parish Church of Dorchester in early colonial Dorchester, Massachusetts.

John Maverick was born to Rev. Peter Maverick, a vicar in Awliscombe, Devon in 1578. In 1595, Maverick enrolled in University of Oxford. Five years later, in 1600, he married Mary Gye. Two of their sons, Samuel and Moses, are notable people in early Massachusetts history. In 1603, Maverick received his MA from Oxford. He was the curate for his uncle, Rev. Radford Maverick, from 1606 to 1614. Afterwards, he was rector of a church in Beaworthy, Devon until 1629.

Maverick became a Puritan before migrating to the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Dorchester, Massachusetts on 30 May 1630, where he served as the first minister of the First Parish Church of Dorchester with Rev. John Warham. He became a freeman in 1631 and helped establish the government in Dorchester. He died February 3, 1636.  His eulogy was by John Cotton and Governor John Winthrop.

References

External links
Information on John Maverick

History of Dorchester, Massachusetts

1578 births
1636 deaths
People from colonial Boston
Alumni of the University of Oxford
American colonial clergy
English emigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony
17th-century English Puritan ministers
Massachusetts colonial-era clergy
17th-century New England Puritan ministers

John Maverick


The Obscene Publications Act 1959 (7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 66) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom Parliament that significantly reformed the law related to obscenity in England and Wales. Prior to the passage of the Act, the law on publishing obscene materials was governed by the common law case of R v Hicklin, which had no exceptions for artistic merit or the public good. During the 1950s, the Society of Authors formed a committee to recommend reform of the existing law, submitting a draft bill to the Home Office in February 1955. After several failed attempts to push a bill through Parliament, a committee finally succeeded in creating a viable bill, which was introduced to Parliament by Roy Jenkins and given royal assent on 29 July 1959, coming into force on 29 August 1959 as the Obscene Publications Act 1959. With the committee consisting of both censors and reformers, the actual reform of the law was limited, with several extensions to police powers included in the final version.

The Act created a new offence for publishing obscene material, repealing the common law offence of obscene libel which was previously used, and also allows Justices of the Peace to issue warrants allowing the police to seize such materials. At the same time it creates two defences; firstly, the defence of innocent dissemination, and secondly the defence of public good. The Act has been used in several high-profile cases, such as the trials of Penguin Books for publishing Lady Chatterley's Lover and Oz for the Schoolkids OZ issue.

Background and passage
Obscene publications were, historically, something for the canon law; the first prosecution in a court of common law was not until 1727. Prior to the passing of the 1959 Act, the publication of obscene materials within England and Wales was governed by the common law and the Obscene Publications Act 1857. The common law, as established in R v Hicklin [1868] 3 QB 360, set the test of "obscenity" as "whether the tendency of the letter published is to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influence and into whose hands the publication might fall", while the 1857 Act allowed any stipendiary magistrate or any two Justices of the Peace to issue a warrant authorising the police to search for, seize, and destroy any obscene publications. It was generally accepted that the existing law was heavily flawed, for several reasons. Firstly, the so-called "Hicklin test" from R v Hicklin was both unduly narrow and unyielding; it did not, for example, take into account the intentions of the defendant. Secondly, the test meant that individual sections of a published work could be analysed and the entire work declared obscene, even if the rest of the work was fairly mild. Thirdly, there was no defence based on the public good, and no opportunity to submit evidence showing the artistic merits of the work, and fourthly, works could be destroyed without the author or publisher even being informed and given an opportunity to speak.

During the 1950s, efforts started to attempt reform of the law. Following the prosecution of several notable publishers, the Society of Authors formed a committee (with Norman St John-Stevas as legal advisor) to recommend reform of the existing law, submitting their proposals and a draft bill to the Home Office in February 1955. Instead of the wholesale reform the Society hoped for, the government instead chose limited reform through the Children and Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1955 dealing with horror comics, which kept the Hicklin test but required that the work as a whole be examined. The Society and sympathetic Members of Parliament then attempted to introduce a Private Member's Bill, but this was quashed by the ensuing general election. Another Private Member's Bill was successfully introduced in March 1957 and sent to a committee. Composed of a mix of censors and reformers, the committee's recommendations were mixed, consisting of both conservative (further powers of search and seizure for the police) and liberal (the use of expert evidence attesting to the work's artistic merit) proposals.

The committee's proposals were published in March 1958, and a new bill was introduced under the Ten Minute Rule, failing to gain the requisite support. After A. P. Herbert stood for Parliament on a platform of obscenity reform, the Home Office had a change of heart and introduced a new bill through Roy Jenkins in 1959, a compromise between the aims of the campaigners and the goals of the Home Office. It was introduced to the House of Lords by Lord Birkett, received royal assent on 29 July 1959, and came into force on 29 August 1959 as the Obscene Publications Act 1959.

Act
The Act is relatively short, divided into 5 sections, the fifth covering the extent of the Act and its commencement date. Section 1 covers the test to determine if something is obscene; an article is taken to be obscene if the entire article "is, if taken as a whole, such as to tend to deprave and corrupt persons who are likely, having regard to all relevant circumstances, to read, see or hear the matter contained or embodied in it". The test is based on "persons"; DPP v Whyte [1972] AC 849 established that it was not sufficient for an individual to be depraved or corrupted, it must be that a significant number of people likely to read it would become corrupt. "Article" is defined within Section 1 as anything containing material that is read or looked at, any sound recordings and any film or other picture record. A publisher, as used in the Act, is also defined in Section 1; "publisher" is taken to mean anyone who "distributes, circulates, sells, lets on hire, gives, or lends it, or who offers it for sale or for letting on hire", or "in the case of an article containing or embodying matter to be looked at or a record, shows, plays or projects it". The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 amended this section to include the transmission of the article electronically.

Section 2 covers the actual prohibition of publishing "obscene material". Section 2(1) creates a new offence, "publishing an obscene article", which replaces the common law misdemeanour of "obscene libel" which was previously the crime. Somebody can be found guilty of this regardless of if it was done for profit or not. Where the article is a film, the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions is required before a prosecution can commence. Section 2(4) states that, where an article is obscene, no other common law charges should be brought, and it should instead be dealt with through the 1959 Act, intended to limit prosecutions to those crimes found in this Act. Section 2(5) creates a defence of "innocent dissemination"; if the publisher can prove that they did not anticipate any obscenity problems, and did not examine the article in question for such issues, they cannot be convicted.

Powers of search and seizure are covered by Section 3, which also repealed the Obscene Publications Act 1857. This section allows a Justice of the Peace, if satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe obscene publications are kept on certain premises for profit, to issue a warrant for that location. This warrant allows a police officer to enter the premises, search them and remove any suspect publications; if such publications are found, the officer can also take records relating to the businesses trade. The articles must then be brought before a magistrate and either forfeited by the owners or returned. The owner, author or publisher of the articles, or the person from whom they were seized, may appear before the magistrate to argue why they should not be forfeited.

Section 4 creates the defence of public good, which applies both to prosecutions for publication of obscene materials and to the forfeiture proceedings described in Section 3. This allows for a valid defence if the defendant can show that the publication of the materials was justifiable as for the "public good", which is defined as "in the interests of science, literature, art or learning, or of other objects of general concern". Experts and their testimony are admissible for determining the value of such publications. This section was initially treated very strictly by trial judges, but this attitude was reversed after the 1976 trial of the book Inside Linda Lovelace, where the jury found the publishers not guilty despite the judge saying that "if this isn't obscene, members of the jury, you may think that nothing is obscene". Three years later the Williams Committee recommended that restrictions on written pornography be lifted, and these restrictions have been largely abandoned.

Notable prosecutions under the Act

Lady Chatterley's Lover trial

The first noted prosecution under the Obscene Publications Act was of Penguin Books in R v Penguin Books Ltd. [1960] for publishing Lady Chatterley's Lover. The book, which contained the use of the words "fuck" and "cunt" multiple times, along with sexual scenes, was banned completely in England and Wales until the conclusion of the trial; by the mid-1980s, it was on the school syllabus. Penguin Books relied on Section 4's "public good" defence, with academics and literary critics such as E. M. Forster and Helen Gardner testifying at the trial that the book was one of literary merit. The trial at the Old Bailey eventually ended with a not guilty verdict, allowing the book to be openly published and sold in England and Wales for the first time since it was published in 1928. This trial and its verdict is seen as heralding "a new wave of sexual 'morality' for which the 1960s is now famous". Graham Lord wrote that the case "was the first trumpet call of the permissive society, the moment many believe that British morality, manners and family life began seriously to deteriorate".

Stass Paraskos trial

In 1966 an exhibition at Leeds College of Art of paintings by the Cyprus-born British artist Stass Paraskos, entitled Lovers and Romances, was prosecuted by the City of Leeds police and the Director of Public Prosecutions under the Vagrancy Acts of 1828 and 1837, and the Obscene Publications Act 1959. When the exhibition opened it was allegedly visited by a local school group, the leader of which objected to an image depicting a woman masturbating a man. The exhibition was raided by the police and closed down. Despite luminaries of the art world speaking in Paraskos's defence, including Herbert Read and Norbert Lynton, and a message of support from Britain's Home Secretary Roy Jenkins, Paraskos lost the trial and was fined twenty-five pounds. The case was later cited in the report of a working party convened in 1968, under the chairmanship of John Montgomerie, by the Arts Council of Great Britain, to review the obscenity laws in England and Wales. In this report it was suggested the artist should not have been prosecuted in this case, even if the works of art were deemed obscene, as he was not the publisher as defined by the Obscene Publications Act.

Schoolkids Oz trial

In 1971 the editors of Oz were tried for publishing obscene materials, specifically the Schoolkids Oz issue. Oz was an underground magazine with a circulation of 40,000 which aimed to challenge the "older generation's outdated beliefs and standards of behaviour and morality". For its 28th issue, 20 teenagers were invited to contribute and edit it. The published version was 48 pages long, with the front consisting of a sheet from the French erotic book Desseins Erotiques, which depicted four naked women licking each other and performing sex acts. Inside were articles about homosexuality, lesbianism, sadism and a cartoon strip which showed Rupert Bear "ravaging" a "gipsy granny". John Mortimer acted for the defence, and after the longest obscenity trial in English legal history the defendants were convicted. After a three-day hearing in the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, this conviction was overturned; the Court of Appeal recognised 14 errors of law and a large number of errors of fact in the trial judge's summing up to the jury.

Later cases

Later cases have included:
 1976: the Inside Linda Lovelace obscenity trial (found not guilty)
 1991: David Britton's Lord Horror prosecution (not prosecuted - banned under the act, but later overturned)
 2009: R v Walker where Darryn Walker was found not guilty under the Obscene Publications Act for posting a story entitled "Girls (Scream) Aloud", a fictional written account on an internet erotic story site describing the kidnap, rape and murder of pop group Girls Aloud.
 2010: Gavin Smith who was charged after discussing his fantasies about spanking children. After the Crown Prosecution Service appealed the judge's original ruling that there was no case to answer, he was subsequently convicted in 2012.
 2011: The British Board of Film Classification refused to classify an uncut version of Tom Six's The Human Centipede 2 (Full Sequence), considering it "potentially obscene".
 2012: R v Peacock where a man was unsuccessfully prosecuted for selling DVDs featuring BDSM, fisting and urolagnia.

Impact and assessment
The Act was found deficient in a variety of ways. Firstly, the test meant that "sting" operations where the police purchased "obscene" materials were not considered sufficient evidence of publication, since the police were not considered easy to "corrupt" due to their regular exposure to the materials. It also meant that prosecutors often had to prove that purchasers were unaware of the obscene nature of material on sale prior to purchase, as those who actively sought out such material were deemed unlikely to be corrupted by it. Secondly, the offer of such materials for sale was not held to be publication, since it was merely an invitation to buy, not an actual purchase. Thirdly, the courts held in Straker v DPP [1963] 1 QB 926 that negatives for photographs could not be forfeited if it was not intended to publish them, regardless of their obscene nature. As a result, the Act was amended by the Obscene Publications Act 1964, which created the offence of "possessing obscene articles for publication or sale" and also extended "obscene materials" to cover photographic negatives. Another criticism levelled at both Acts was that they failed to define "obscene" properly, relying on the old common law definition and giving no help to the judge or jury as to how to apply it properly. Some anti-pornography feminists are of the opinion that the Act fails to adequately censor content as a result of this lack of clarity. The National Campaign for the Repeal of the Obscene Publications Acts (NCROPA) was set up in 1976 by the actor David Webb; it operated until the late 1990s.

21st century
By the early 21st century it had become evident that there was a disparity between what was deemed to be offensive under the Act and what would be regarded as offensive by a significant proportion of the general public. This may have been due to the age of the law or an indication that the UK had become a diverse and multicultural society. In 1996 there were 562 cases brought, in which 324 individuals were convicted. Even with this small number of trials, a third of convictions resulted in prison sentences, and only a small number of cases went to jury trials. The number of prosecutions fell from 309 in 1994, 131 in 1999, 39 in 2003 to 35 in 2005. This decline may have been partly due to the changing behaviour of jurors, who had become less likely to consider material as depraving and corrupting, and who were reluctant to convict defendants for the private use of material amongst consenting adults. Another reason for the decline may have been the range of alternative legislation which had become available for use in place of the Act. Suggestions given by the Crown Prosecution Service included:
 Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 ("extreme pornography")
 Protection of Children Act 1978
 Video Recordings Act 1984 and 2010
 Indecent Displays (Control) Act 1981
 Customs Consolidation Act 1876, Amendment Act 1887 (Importation of Indecent and Obscene Material)
 Children and Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1955.

Nevertheless the Act continued to have a significant impact in English law for many years, with its precedents serving to provide a definition of obscenity that were used in other legal contexts. For instance, anything deemed likely to contravene the Act was prohibited from videos awarded an R18 certificate by the British Board of Film Classification, and the Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014 extended these restrictions to online video on demand. A list of the categories of material most commonly prosecuted under the Act was published by the Crown Prosecution Service.

However, following a public consultation, the Crown Prosecution Service published guidelines in 2019 indicating that pornography depicting consenting adults engaged in legal acts would no longer be prosecuted under the Act, provided no serious harm was caused and the likely audience was over the age of 18. The guidelines also clarified that material that is purposefully obscene can be justified as in the public good if it is "in the interests of science, literature, art or learning".

See also
 Obscenity
 Obscene Publications Act 1964
 Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
 Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982
 Pornography in the United Kingdom

References

Bibliography

External links

Obscenity law
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1959
Censorship in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom pornography law

Obscene Publications Act 1959


James Yates (2 November 1869 – 5 September 1922) was an English professional footballer who played as a right winger in the 1900 FA Cup Final for Southampton.

Playing career
Yates was born in  Tunstall, Stafordshire, but started his professional career in November 1892 with Second Division Ardwick, after spending the 1891–92 season on the books of Burnley. He made his Ardwick debut on 24 December 1892 in a 2–1 defeat at the hands of Lincoln City. Toward the end of the season he hit a rich vein of goalscoring form, scoring five goals in six matches. In the 1893–94 season he played in 13 consecutive matches, scoring a brace in his final Ardwick appearance, a 3–0 win against Walsall Town Swifts. In total he made 21 appearances for Ardwick, scoring nine goals. In December 1893, after just under a year in Manchester, he moved back to his native town to join Sheffield United in the First Division. He spent four seasons with United playing at the top level in English football, and played a major part in them reaching the runners-up position in the 1896–97 season.

In the summer of 1897, he was one of four Football League players who were signed by Southern League champions Southampton. Described by Holley & Chalk as "a dapper, clever forward (who)when at his best, was virtually unstoppable" his first season at The Dell was often interrupted by ill-health and he was out of the team from March onwards, thus missing out on "Saints" first FA Cup Semi-final against Nottingham Forest. In the 1897–98 season he made thirteen appearances at the start of the season, before losing his place to Bob Brown, scoring six goals as Southampton again claimed the Southern League championship.

At the end of the season, because of his poor health, he decided not to sign a new contract and moved to Kent where he played for Gravesend United, also then in the Southern League. He returned to Southampton in March 1899, taking over from Tom Smith at outside-right, in time to help the Saints clinch the championship for the third successive season.

The following season, Saints were able to finish in only third place in the table, as they were concentrating their efforts on the FA Cup where they reached the final for the first time in their history, the highlight of which was a 4–1 drubbing of Newcastle United in which Yates was among the scorers. Unfortunately, the Cup Final was a great disappointment as Saints were swept aside 4–0 by Bury.

In 1900–01 he was part of the forward line-up which claimed the league title for the fourth time in five years after which he again left the club for an easier life in Sussex where he turned out occasionally for Hastings & St Leonards, keeping in touch with his former club by acting as a scout. He also spent some time in Denmark coaching for Copenhagen. On 6 July 1904, Yates became the first professional coach in Dutch football, when he signed a six-week contract with HVV.

In March 1905, after a brief period coaching with 93 Club, Copenhagen, he returned to The Dell for the third time (making him the only player in Southampton's history to sign for the club on three separate occasions). He only made one appearance (against Northampton Town on 18 March 1905) before finally retiring from playing football. In his three separate spells with Southampton, he made a total of 77 appearances, scoring 22 goals.

Later career
Over the next few years, he again turned out for both Gravesend and Hastings & St Leonards, before coaching in Brazil and USA. While at Hastings, he "discovered" Horace Glover and recommended him to his former club – Glover went on to make over 170 appearances for Southampton in the next five years, before joining West Ham United.

He returned to Southampton in 1907, taking up employment as a stevedore in Southampton Docks. He was still dogged by ill-health resulting in him losing his job. Unable to find employment, he committed suicide on Southampton Common in September 1922.

Honours
Sheffield United
  Football League First Division runners-up: 1896–97

Southampton
 FA Cup runners-up: 1900
 Southern League champions: 1897–98, 1898–99, 1900–01

References

1869 births
1922 suicides
1922 deaths
Footballers from Staffordshire
English men's footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Salisbury City F.C. players
Southern Football League players
Suicides in England
Burnley F.C. players
Hastings & St Leonards United F.C. players
Gravesend United F.C. players
Men's association football forwards
HVV Den Haag managers
English football managers

Jimmy Yates


Jabe Babe – A Heightened Life is a 2005 Australian documentary film directed by Janet Merewether.

The subject of the film is Jabe Babe, a woman diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, a hereditary disorder which affects organs including the skeleton, lungs, eyes, heart, and blood vessels. The disorder has resulted in Jabe Babe growing to 188 centimetres in height. After being told she only had a short time to live, Jabe Babe embarks on living life as though her time is nearly through, which includes working as a dominatrix. The film follows Jabe as she strives for a more "normal" life by pursuing a career in the funeral industry.

The film won the award for Best Documentary Directing Award at the 2005 Australian Film Institute Awards, Best Australian Documentary at the 2005 Inside Film Awards and the Merit Award TIDF Taiwan International Documentary Festival.

Jabe died on 6 April 2008 from heart complications

External links
Jabe Babe - A Heightened Life at the National Film and Sound Archive
Jabe Babe - A Heightened Life Official home page
TIDF Taiwan International Documentary Festival

2005 films
2005 documentary films
Australian documentary films
Documentary films about people with disability
2000s English-language films

Jabe Babe – A Heightened Life


Otogizōshi are a group of short stories with pictures, written in Japan, mostly in the period between 1392 and 1573. There are about 350 of these stories. They are about many different things: love, religion, fighting, humor, and other things. The otogizōshi were often read to an audience.

Other websites
Online edition of the Otogizōshi at Kyoto University

Japanese mythology
Japanese folklore

Otogizōshi


Joseph Romanos (born 1957) is a New Zealand journalist, author and broadcaster focusing mainly on sport.

Life and career
Romanos attended St Patrick's College in Wellington. His father Richie Romanos played cricket for Wellington in the 1951–52 Plunket Shield season.

Romanos has worked on a number of New Zealand newspapers. In 2008 he became editor of The Wellingtonian and in 2012 he also became The Dominion Post's Metro chief reporter. He was the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame's executive director from 1995 to 1998.

Romanos and his wife Gael Woods have four children. Together with Phil Murray, the couple founded the publishing house Trio Books in 2003.

In October 2016, Romanos joined the Wellington City Council as Chief Advisor to Justin Lester in the Mayor's Office. In January 2017, while driving from Mākara, he and Lester were involved in a crash. All the passengers walked away unhurt, however the Council vehicle they were travelling in was damaged beyond repair.

Books

As sole author
Chris Lewis: All the Way to Wimbledon 1984
Makers of Champions: Great NZ Coaches 1987
Famous Fullbacks 1989
Famous Flankers 1990
Great New Zealand Cricket Families: A Celebration 1992
A Century of Great New Zealand Cricketers 1993
Arthur's Boys: The Golden Era of New Zealand Athletics 1994
Tortured Genius 1995 (on Martin Crowe)
Black 1997 (a novel)
John Reid: A Cricketing Life 2000
Merv Wallace: A Cricket Master 2000
Judas Game: The Betrayal of New Zealand Rugby 2002
Great Sporting Rivals 2004
Cricket Confidential: The Game's Greatest Players, Matches and Disputes 2005
New Zealand's Top 100 History-Makers 2005, 2008
New Zealand's Top 100 Sports History-Makers 2006
Winning Ways: Champion New Zealand Coaches Reveal Their Secrets 2007
Our Olympic Century 2008
Cricket Portraits: A Century of New Zealand's Best 2008
Long or Short?: The Story of New Zealand Squash 2010
100 Māori Sports Heroes 2012
Unforgettable: Defining Moments in New Zealand Sport 2014

As co-author
100 Great Rugby Characters (with Grant Harding; illustrations by Murray Webb) 1991
Champions: New Zealand Sports Greats of the 20th Century (with Ron Palenski) 2000
The Basin: An Illustrated History of the Basin Reserve (with Don Neely) 2003
Lancaster Park: An Illustrated History (with Don Neely) 2006
No Ordinary Man: The Remarkable Life of Arthur Porritt (with Graeme Woodfield) 2008
Capital People: The Best of the Wellingtonian Interviews (with Rebecca Thomson) 2011

As editor
The Big Black Netball Book (with Gael Woods) 1992
Sporting Life: The Best of Broadcaster, Peter Sellers 1992
We Knocked the Bastard Off: Great New Zealand Sports Quotes 1994
I'm Absolutely Buggered: More Great New Zealand Sports Quotes 1994
Radio Sport New Zealand Sporting Records & Lists 2001

As collaborator with principal author
Lois Muir on Netball (by Lois Muir) 1985
Fastbreak (by John Dybvig) 1986
John Dybvig on Basketball (by John Dybvig) 1987
The Innings of a Lifetime (by Walter Hadlee) 1993
Sandra Edge: Full Circle: An Autobiography (by Sandra Edge) 1995
Striking Out (by Kevin Herlihy) 1997
Legends of the All Blacks: One: The Book of the Series (by Keith Quinn) 1999
Outrageous Rugby Moments: Stories of Controversy, Humour, Scandal and Disgrace (by Keith Quinn) 2001
Outrageous Cricket Moments: The Underhanded, the Undermined, the Underperforming and, of Course, the Underarm (by Ian Smith) 2003

References

External links
 Catalogue at the National Library of New Zealand
 Trio Books: Joseph Romanos

1957 births
Living people
New Zealand sports historians
New Zealand sportswriters
New Zealand broadcasters
New Zealand journalists
Cricket historians and writers
Rugby historians and writers

Joseph Romanos


Bagrat III () (1495-1565), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a King of Imereti from April 1, 1510, to 1565. He succeeded upon the death of his father, Alexander II, and faced repeated assaults from the Ottoman Turks as well as the conflicts with his ostensible vassal princes of Mingrelia, Guria, and Abkhazia who were frequently joining the enemy.

Reign

In 1512, the Ottomans invaded Imereti through its southern neighbor Samtskhe and unexpectedly struck Bagrat's capital Kutaisi.

After the Ottoman army left Imereti, Bagrat launched a program of restoration, reorganized the church, and enforced a law condemning to death all who engaged in slave trading practiced by the Turks in conjunction with some Georgian nobles. In 1533, he persuaded Mamia I Gurieli of Guria and Mamia III Dadiani of Mingrelia to organize a combined and eventually disastrous expedition against the piratical North Caucasian tribe of Zichi which had come under the Turkish influence. Despite this setback, Bagrat now decided to deliver a blow to the Ottoman positions in southern Georgia. In 1535, he invaded the principality of Samtskhe, which was exploited by the Turks as a portal for their incursions into inner Georgian lands. At the Battle of Murjakheti near Akhalkalaki, Bagrat defeated and captured Qvarqvare III Jaqeli, prince-atabeg of Samtskhe, and annexed a bulk of his possessions to Imereti. At the request of Qvarqvare's son Kaikhosro, the Ottoman army invaded Imereti, only to put to flight by Bagrat and his ally Rostom, prince of Guria. The prince of Mingrelia, Levan I Dadiani, however, defied Bagrat's call to arms, and later sided with the Ottomans, even traveling to Istanbul, where he received gifts and assurances of protection.

In 1545, Bagrat and his ally Luarsab I of Kartli suffered a bitter defeat at the Battle of Sokhoista in 1545. As a result, Samtskhe wrested of Bagrat's control, and came under the Ottoman hegemony. In the following years, the principalities of Mingrelia and Guria also asserted their de facto independence from the crown of Imereti, further reducing the royal power. In 1555, in the Treaty of Amasya, the Ottoman and Persian empires divided Georgia, with Imereti falling into the Ottoman sphere of influence. Bagrat attempted to disrupt the Turco-Persian deal by pushing claims to the town of Surami which lay in the Persian zone in eastern Georgia. The move brought to nothing, however, and Bagrat was forced to pay tribute to the Ottomans. He died in 1565 and was succeeded by his son, George II.

Family
Bagrat was married to a certain woman named Elene who died in 1565. He had four sons and two daughters:
 George II (died 1585), King of Imereti (1565–1585).
 Prince Constantine (died 1587), anti-king of Imereti (1585–1586).
 Prince Teimuraz (fl. 1514 – 1583), father of King Bagrat IV of Imereti.
 Prince Vakhtang (fl. 1520 – fl. 1565).
 Princess Tamar (died 1556), queen consort of Luarsab I of Kartli.
 Anonymous daughter who married Prince Ramaz Bagration-Davitishvili.

References

 Вахушти Багратиони (Vakhushti Bagrationi) (1745). История Царства Грузинского: Жизнь Имерети.

Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Imereti
Bagrat 03
1495 births
1565 deaths
16th-century people from Georgia (country)
Eastern Orthodox monarchs

Bagrat III of Imereti


Wolfgang W. Wurster (7 July 1937 - 29 December 2003) was a German researcher in the fields of architecture and archaeology.

Wolfgang Wurster was born in Aalen, Germany. He studied architecture at the TU München. He undertook additional studies in art history and American history, in the United States and Spain. In 1963 he received his Diplom from his German university. From this point on, he concentrated on excavation methodology, CRM, and the history of architecture. In 1971, he obtained a doctorate of engineering, his dissertation being Der dorische Peripteraltempel auf dem Kolonnahügel in Aegina. In addition to holding academic positions in Munich, he also was a faculty member of the Universität Darmstadt. He did field work in the Mediterranean and South American (Ecuador and Peru).

His book Die Schatz-Gräber. Archäologische Expeditionen durch die Hochkulturen Südamerikas (1991) brought him the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn's Ceram-Preis for the best book of archeology.

Publications
 Alt-Ägina. Band 1: Der Apollontempel, von Zabern, Mainz 1974
 Die Schatz-Gräber. Archäologische Expeditionen durch die Hochkulturen Südamerikas, GEO, Hamburg 1991

About Wurster
 Burkhart Vogt: Wolfgang W. Wurster † (7 July 1937 – 29 December 2003), In: Bericht über die 42. Tagung für Ausgrabungswissenschaft und Bauforschung, Habelt, Bonn 2004
 Klaus Dornisch: Einem Freund zur Erinnerung. Wolfgang W. Wurster in memoriam, In Nürnberger Blätter zur Archäologie 20 (2004), S. 198-200

External links

Technical University of Munich alumni
Archaeologists from Baden-Württemberg
1937 births
2003 deaths
People from Aalen

Wolfgang W. Wurster


The Battle of Worcester was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalist, mainly Scottish, forces of King Charles II on September 3, 1651 at Worcester, England. The 16,000 Royalist forces were defeated by the 28,000 strong "New Model Army" of Cromwell.

Other websites
Battleground pictures
 Worcestershire CC: Historic Environment and Archaeology Service: The Battle of Worcester
http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1651-worcester.htm
http://www.clangarra.com/battle%20-%20worcester.htm

Worcester
Worcester
1651
17th century in England
September events
1650s in Europe
Worcester

Battle of Worcester


Paul Luther Snyder (born June 11, 1935) is a retired American front-office executive in Major League Baseball. He played an integral role in the rise and sustained dominance of the Atlanta Braves that began in  and continued into the first decade of the 21st century, as the team's longtime amateur scouting director (1981–90; 1999–2000), assistant to the general manager (1991–95; 2001–06), and director of player development (1977–80; 1996–98).

In recognition of Snyder's career accomplishments, Baseball America named him one of the top 25 people in the game on the publication's 25th anniversary in 2006.

Life and career
Snyder was born in Dallastown, Pennsylvania. He spent his entire 50-year professional baseball career in the Braves' organization, signing with them as an outfielder and first baseman in 1958 when the team was still based in Milwaukee.  As a player, Snyder never reached the Major Leagues, peaking at the Triple-A level in 1963 with the Denver Bears of the Pacific Coast League — a season which also saw his debut as a minor league manager in the Braves' farm system. Snyder, however, was a strong hitter in his playing days, compiling a lifetime batting average of .318 during his seven-year active career. In his finest over-all campaign, 1962 with the Austin Senators of the Double-A Texas League, Snyder hit .312 with 19 home runs and 113 RBI in 132 games played. He batted left-handed and threw right-handed, stood 6'2" (1.9 m) tall and weighed 200 pounds (91 kg).

Snyder managed Braves' farm clubs and scouted for them between 1963 and 1972. In 1973, he joined the team's front office as assistant minor league administrator before taking the reins of the Braves' farm department in 1977. Working with then-general managers Bill Lucas and John Mullen, Snyder was a major architect of the Braves' strong early 1980s teams under manager Joe Torre—despite having suffered a stroke at age 40 that required brain surgery and an extensive period of rehabilitation.

When the MLB Braves went through a prolonged rebuilding process after winning the  National League West Division championship, Snyder, by now scouting director, assisted general manager Bobby Cox in drafting and developing the talent base—players such as Tom Glavine, Steve Avery, David Justice, Jeff Blauser and Chipper Jones—that served as the foundation for the Braves' string of first-place teams of the 1990s through , including the 1995 world champions. He also served as top assistant to John Schuerholz when he took over the Atlanta front office after the  season and performed a number of key functions in the Braves' baseball operations department in addition to working as scouting or player development director.

Snyder retired from the Braves after the  season, which saw Schuerholz move upstairs to the team presidency and a new general manager, Frank Wren, assume control of baseball operations. In 2005, he was inducted into the Braves Museum and Hall of Fame. In 2006, he was presented with the King of Baseball award given by Minor League Baseball. In 2013, he was selected for the Professional Baseball Scouts Hall of Fame.

References

External links

 Baseball America Executive Database

1935 births
Living people
Atlanta Braves executives
Atlanta Braves scouts
Austin Senators players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Binghamton Triplets managers
Binghamton Triplets players
Cedar Rapids Braves players
Denver Bears players
Eau Claire Braves players
Greenville Braves players
Major League Baseball executives
Major League Baseball farm directors
Major League Baseball scouting directors
Midland Braves players
Milwaukee Braves scouts
Minor league baseball managers
People from Dallastown, Pennsylvania
Wellsville Braves players

Paul Snyder (baseball)


Alfred "Bobby" Brice (21 September 1871 – 28 May 1938) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Ogmore Vale, Aberavon and Cardiff. A three times Triple Crown winner, Brice was known for his tough and aggressive tackling play.

Brice was one of several 'Valley forwards' who was chosen to represent his country at the turn of the century. Although he began his international career with Aberavon, a club he would captain from 1901 to 1903; he would later play for Cardiff.

Rugby career
Brice was first capped for Wales in a home game at St Helens in 1899 against England; though it would be the final match of the tournament against Ireland in which Brice showed his worth to the Welsh squad. After Billy Bancroft was injured after being thrown into the crowd, the Welsh were a man down to a highly motivated Irish team. Brice tackled well and covered the loose ball in a match that was disturbed by constant pitch invasions. Although Wales lost by a solitary try it showed a strong defence that would serve Wales well as they entered their first 'Golden Era'. Brice played every match in the six consecutive Home Nations tournaments.

Although Brice was normally known for keeping his cool under pressure, in the 1904 match against Ireland he was reported for calling the referee, a 'thundering idiot', though it is believed his actual language was worse than that on the report. The WFU demanded that Brice apologise to Findaly, the referee, but Brice refused stating that he never used the language. Brice was suspended from the game for eight months and never played for Wales again.

In 1909 he played two games for Leicester Tigers, against Headingley and Hartlepool Rovers on 1 and 2 January.

International matches played
Wales
  1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904
  1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904
  1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904

Bibliography

References

1871 births
1938 deaths
Aberavon RFC players
British police officers
Cardiff RFC players
English rugby union players
Glamorgan Police RFC players
People from Sedgemoor (district)
Rugby union forwards
Wales international rugby union players
Welsh rugby union players
Leicester Tigers players
Rugby union players from Somerset

Alfred Brice


Karen Dreyfus is a violist who currently teaches at the USC Thornton School of Music. Ms. Dreyfus has distinguished herself as a recipient of many prizes, including the Naumburg Viola Competition (1982), the Lionel Tertis International Viola Competition (1980), the Washington International Competition (1979), and the Hudson Valley Competition (1978). Ms. Dreyfus has concertized extensively in the United States, Canada, Europe, Asia, and South America.

Some of her musical collaborations have been with Musicians From Marlboro, New York Philomusica, Theater Chamber Players of the Kennedy Center, the New York Philharmonic, and the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra. She has performed in recital with Yehudi Menuhin at Carnegie Hall and has also collaborated with such artists as Rudolf Serkin; Alexander Schneider; Leon Fleisher; Chick Corea; and her husband, Glenn Dicterow.

Early life
Born into a family of musicians, she began studying the violin with her father, a member of the Philadelphia Orchestra, and later decided to pursue a career on the viola under the tutelage of Leonard Mogill. Other teachers have included Heidi Castleman and Martha Katz. A 1979 graduate of the Curtis Institute of Music, where she studied with Michael Tree and Karen Tuttle, Ms. Dreyfus moved to the New York area, where she performs solo concerts and chamber music recitals and teaches viola, orchestral excerpts, and chamber music.

Career
Ms. Dreyfus has also served on the faculties of the Third Street Music School Settlement, SUNY Purchase, and Queens College. In 2001 she began teaching a class in orchestral repertoire at Juilliard. Ms. Dreyfus is a co-founding member of the Lyric Piano Quartet, which is quartet in residence at Queens College. She has had many pieces written for her and has premiered pieces by composers such as Ezra Laderman, Elizabeth Brown, and William Thomas McKinley, among others.

CDs
Karen Dreyfus has received a National Endowment for the Arts Solo Recitalists Award and has performed extensively throughout the United States. She has also recorded many CDs. Her premiere recording with Bridge Records, entitled Romanze, was received with much critical acclaim. American Record Guide cites Ms. Dreyfus as "a terrific player with impeccable technique and intonation, beautiful tone, and real musicianship. Her playing is highly expressive and responsive to the many moods elicited by this varied program."

Poland
In 1995 Karen Dreyfus was invited to Poland to record the William Walton Viola Concerto with the Warsaw Philharmonic. It has been released by MMC Recordings. She recorded works for viola and orchestra of eight American composers with the Silesian Philharmonic. In 1997, Ms. Dreyfus recorded and premiered three more solo works with the Czech Radio Symphony of Prague. These CDs have all been released on the MMC label. The latest CD for MMC has been the a recording of Mozart's Sinfonia Concertante, along with a piece written for Ms. Dreyfus and Glenn Dicterow, released in 2002, entitled The Music of Mozart and McKinley. Dreyfus is also featured on the Navona Records label.

Lyric Piano Quartet
Most recently, Karen Dreyfus's chamber ensemble, the Lyric Piano Quartet, has released a recording of piano quartet works of Strauss and Turina for Black Box Records. It has been given the honor of being nominated as "Editor's Choice" by Gramophone magazine. BBC Magazine said the Lyric Piano Quartet "marry the old-fashioned virtues of portamento and warm vibrato to a quicksilver intelligence."

Discography

With Chick Corea and Gary Burton
Lyric Suite for Sextet (ECM, 1982)

References

American classical violists
American women violists
Living people
Manhattan School of Music faculty
Curtis Institute of Music alumni
Queens College, City University of New York faculty
State University of New York at Purchase faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)

Karen Dreyfus


Thelma & Louise is a 1991 American adventure crime road movie starring Geena Davis as Thelma and Susan Sarandon as Louise. Also starring in the movie are Michael Madsen, Harvey Keitel and Brad Pitt. It was among the highest-grossing movies of 1991.

Other websites

1990s buddy movies
1991 crime drama movies
1990s road movies
Academy Award winning movies
1990s American adventure movies
American buddy movies
American crime drama movies
American road movies
Buddy drama movies
Chase movies

1990s English-language movies
Female buddy movies
Feminist movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies about murderers
Movies directed by Ridley Scott
Movies set in Arizona
Movies set in Oklahoma
Suicide in movies
Midlife crisis movies
Movies set in Arkansas
Movies set in New Mexico
Movies composed by Hans Zimmer
MGM movies
United States National Film Registry movies

Thelma & Louise