David Kato Kisule ( – 26 January 2011) was a Ugandan teacher and LGBT rights activist, considered a father of Uganda's gay rights movement and described as "Uganda's first openly gay man". He served as advocacy officer for Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG).

Kato was murdered at his home in 2011, shortly after winning a lawsuit against a magazine which had published his name and photograph identifying him as gay and calling for him to be executed.

Earlier life
Born to the Kisule clan in its ancestral village of Nakawala, Namataba Town Council, Mukono District, he received the name "Kato" because he was the younger of twins. He was educated at King's College Budo and Kyambogo University and taught at various schools including the Nile Vocational Institute in Njeru near Jinja. It was here that he became aware of his sexual orientation and was subsequently dismissed without any benefits in 1991. Later, he came out to his twin brother John Malumba Wasswa.

He left to teach for a few years in Johannesburg, South Africa during its transition from apartheid to multiracial democracy, becoming influenced by the end of the apartheid-era ban on sodomy and the growth of LGBT rights in South Africa. Coming back to Uganda in 1998, he decided to come out in public through a press conference; he was arrested and held in police custody for a week due to this action. He continued to maintain contact with pro-LGBT activists outside the country, with LGEP executive director Phumzile S. Mtetwa later citing an encounter with Kato at the 1999 ILGA World Conference.

When St Herman Nkoni Boys Primary School was founded in 2002 in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Masaka (Masaka District), Kato joined the faculty.

Involvement with SMUG
Kato became highly involved with the underground LGBT rights movement in Uganda, eventually becoming one of the founding members of SMUG on 3 March 2004.

According to a series of confidential cables written by a Kampala-based United States diplomat and later released by WikiLeaks, Kato spoke during a November 2009 United Nations-funded consultative conference on human rights. During the conference, Kato spoke on the issue of LGBT rights and the anti-LGBT atmosphere in Uganda. Members of the Uganda Human Rights Commission "openly joked and snickered" during the speech.

A rumour circulated that David Bahati MP, the leading proponent of the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Bill, had ordered the Inspector General of Police to arrest Kato, causing Kato and other attending members of SMUG to leave the conference immediately after he finished the speech. Bahati then made a "tirade against homosexuality" to the conference, resulting in massive applause and Martin Ssempa, an evangelical Christian cleric, pounding his fist on the table in agreement.

By 2010, Kato had quit his job as a school teacher to focus on his work with SMUG in light of the events surrounding the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Bill. Kato was subsequently given a one year fellowship at the Centre for Applied Human Rights based at the University of York in the United Kingdom, a centre which provides fellowships to vulnerable and threatened human rights activists as a reprieve from the dangers they face in their own countries.

Rolling Stone case
Kato was among the 100 people whose names and photographs were published in October 2010 by the Ugandan tabloid newspaper Rolling Stone in an article which called for their execution as homosexuals. Kato and two other SMUG members who were also listed in the article – Kasha Nabagesera and Pepe Julian Onziema – sued the newspaper to force it to stop publishing the names and pictures of people it believed to be gay or lesbian. The photos were published under a headline of "Hang them" and were accompanied by the individuals' addresses.

The petition was granted on 2 November 2010, effectively ruling for the cessation of publication of Rolling Stone. Giles Muhame, the paper's managing editor, commented: "I haven't seen the court injunction but the war against gays will and must continue. We have to protect our children from this dirty homosexual affront." On 3 January 2011, High Court Justice V. F. Kibuuka Musoke ruled that Rolling Stone'''s publication of the lists, and the accompanying incitation to violence, threatened Kato's and the others' "fundamental rights and freedoms;" attacked their right to human dignity; and violated their constitutional right to privacy. The court ordered the newspaper to pay Kato and the other two plaintiffs USh 1.5 million each (approx. US$600 ).

Murder
On 26 January 2011, at around 2 p.m. EAT (11:00 UTC), after talking on the phone with SMUG member Julian Pepe Onziema a few hours before, Kato was assaulted in his home in Bukusa, Mukono Town, by a man who hit him twice in the head with a hammer. The man then fled on foot. Kato later died en route to the Kawolo General Hospital. Kato's colleagues note that Kato had spoken of an increase in threats and harassment since the court victory, and they believe that his sexual orientation and his activism were the motive for the murder.

Joe Oloka-Onyango, who worked with Kato on the court case, said, "This is a very strange thing to happen in the middle of the day, and suggests pre-meditation." According to reports in The New York Times and the Sydney Morning Herald, questions have been raised about the murder being linked to Kato's sexuality. Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International have both called for an in-depth and impartial investigation into the case, and for protection for gay activists. James Nsaba Buturo, the Ugandan Minister of State for Ethics and Integrity, is on record as having declared that "Homosexuals can forget about human rights".

Arrests
A police spokesperson initially blamed the murder on robbers who had allegedly killed at least 10 people in the area over the previous two months. Police arrested one suspect, Kato's driver, and were seeking a second. On 2 February 2011, police announced the arrest of Nsubuga Enoch, saying that he had confessed to the murder. A police spokesperson described Enoch as a "well-known thief" and local gardener, but stated as to Enoch's alleged motive, "It wasn't a robbery and it wasn't because Kato was an activist. It was a personal disagreement but I can't say more than that."

A police source alleged to the Uganda Monitor that Enoch had murdered Kato because Kato would not pay him for sexual favours, an allegation that was repeated by the Ugandan ambassador to Belgium in a letter to European Parliament President Jerzy Buzek. The Ugandan Ambassador later reiterated this version of events in a letter to the European Parliament, stating that Kato had earlier paid for "his prostitute" to be released from prison, but had then been attacked by him for refusing to pay for sex.

Conviction
After being spotted by Nakabago residents in Mukono district, Sidney Nsubuga Enoch was arrested, and prosecuted at Mukono High Court by the lead State Prosecutor, Loe Karungi. He was sentenced to 30 years with hard labour, by Justice Joseph Mulangira, on Thursday 10 November 2011. The apparent motive was robbery.

Funeral
Kato's funeral was held on 28 January 2011, in Nakawala. Present at the funeral were family, friends and co-activists, many of whom wore t-shirts bearing his photo in front, the Portuguese "la [sic] luta continua" in the back and having rainbow flag colours inscribed onto the sleeves. The Christian preacher at the funeral – Anglican pastor Thomas Musoke – preached against the gays and lesbians present, making comparisons to Sodom and Gomorrah, before the activists ran to the pulpit and grabbed the microphone from him, forcing him to retreat from the pulpit to Kato's father's house.

An unidentified female activist angrily exclaimed "Who are you to judge others?" and villagers sided with the preacher as scuffles broke out during the proceedings. Villagers refused to bury Kato at his burial place. The task was then undertaken by his friends and co-workers. In place of the preacher who left the scene after the fighting, excommunicated Anglican Church of Uganda bishop Christopher Senyonjo officiated at Kato's burial in the presence of friends and cameras.

Reactions and tributes
The murder was decried by Human Rights Watch, with senior Africa researcher Maria Burnett adding that "David Kato's death is a tragic loss to the human rights community." Amnesty International stated that it was "appalled by the shocking murder of David Kato," and called for a "credible and impartial investigation into his murder." Both also asked the Ugandan government to protect other gay rights activists.

US President Barack Obama, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and the State Department, and the European Union also condemned the murder and urged Uganda authorities to investigate the crime and to speak out against homophobia and transphobia. "I am deeply saddened to learn of the murder," Obama said. "David showed tremendous courage in speaking out against hate. He was a powerful advocate for fairness and freedom."

Rowan Williams, the Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, spoke on behalf of the Anglican Communion, "Such violence [as the death of David Kato] has been consistently condemned by the Anglican Communion worldwide. This event also makes it all the more urgent for the British Government to secure the safety of LGBT asylum seekers in the UK. This is a moment to take very serious stock and to address those attitudes of mind which endanger the lives of men and women belonging to sexual minorities."

For his newspaper's alleged role in the murder, Rolling Stone editor Giles Muhame stated "When we called for hanging of gay people, we meant ... after they have gone through the legal process ... I did not call for them to be killed in cold blood like he was." However, he stated, "I have no regrets about the story. We were just exposing people who were doing wrong."

In Spring 2011, Boston's American Repertory Theater and System of a Down's Serj Tankian dedicated their production of Prometheus Bound to Kato and seven other activists, stating in program notes that "by singing the story of Prometheus, the God who defied the tyrant Zeus by giving the human race both fire and art, this production hopes to give a voice to those currently being silenced or endangered by modern-day oppressors".

The Gay Pride event in York, United Kingdom, held on 30 July 2011 commemorated Kato. A minute of silence was observed and hundreds of rainbow coloured balloons were released in his memory by Member of Parliament for York Central Hugh Bayley and the Lord Mayor of York.

The David Kato Vision & Voice Award was established in his memory. The 2012 recipient, Jamaican LGBT rights activist Maurice Tomlinson, was announced on 14 December 2011 and was awarded on 29 January 2012 in London. Participant organisations include Global Forum on MSM & HIV (MSMGF), Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG), International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), GIZ – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Herbert Smith LLP, and ILGA-Europe.

In 2014, Kato was inducted into the Legacy Walk, an outdoor public display in Chicago, Illinois which celebrates LGBT history and people.

On 16 June 2021, the University of York announced that Kato would be the namesake of the new David Kato College, the first college on York's campus to be named after a person of African descent.

Documentary films
Kato was interviewed by US filmmakers Katherine Fairfax Wright and Malika Zouhali-Worrall for a documentary film on his life, Call Me Kuchu, which premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival on 11 February 2012. A short film using footage from the film, They Will Say We Are Not Here, was posted to the New York Times website on the first anniversary of his death.

Kato met Roger Ross Williams shortly before his death and was an inspiration in the making of God Loves Uganda'' (2013), a documentary exploring connections between Christian evangelism in North America and in Uganda.

See also
 Abiding Truth Ministries
 LGBT rights in Uganda

References

External links
 David Kato speaking at Cambridge University, 2010, "A matter of life and death: The struggle for Ugandan gay rights" (audio)

1964 births
2011 deaths
20th-century Ugandan LGBT people
20th-century Ugandan educators
21st-century Ugandan LGBT people
21st-century Ugandan educators
2011 murders in Africa
Ugandan LGBT rights activists
Ugandan gay men
Ugandan murder victims
People murdered in Uganda
Assassinated activists
People from Mukono District
Deaths by beating
Ugandan educators
Academics of the University of York
People educated at King's College Budo
Victims of anti-LGBT hate crimes

David Kato


Casa Manzoni (in English Manzoni House) is a historical palace sited in via Morone 1 near the quadrilateral of fashion in the center of Milan, Italy.  Owned by the Manzoni family, the house was the birthplace of the famous Italian writer Alessandro Manzoni in 1785.

The building is also the venue of a museum dedicated to the poet life, the National Center for Manzonian Studies and the Historical Lombard Society (that has collected over 40,000 volumes about the history of Lombardy).

Built in the 18th century, the palace was restored in 1864 by Andrea Boni in Renaissance Revival style, which especially characterizes the façade overlooking Belgiojoso square, designed in 1864 at the request of Manzoni by architect Andrea Boni and covered with red terracotta.

The palace has hosted the gatherings of the club Il Conciliatore; famous men such as Giuseppe Verdi, Cavour and Garibaldi have visited it.

On the ground floor, there's the seat of the Historical Lombard Society, a specialized library with a collection of over 40,000 volumes, and the National Center for Manzonian Studies.

The Manzoni Museum is located in two rooms overlooking the garden on the ground floor and in six rooms on the first floor: the original furnishing and ornaments have all been entirely preserved.

See also
 Alessandro Manzoni

Bibliography
 Milano e i suoi palazzi: Porta Vercellina, Comasina e Nuova, Attilia Lanza, 1992, Libreria Meravigli Editrice. (Italian language)
 Le città d'arte:Milano, Guide brevi Skira, ed.2008, autori vari. (Italian language)
 Milano e Provincia, Touring Club Italiano, ed.2003, autori vari. (Italian language)

References

Sources

External links
 National Center for Manzonian Studies
 Historical Lombard Society

Palaces in Milan
Renaissance Revival architecture in Italy
Tourist attractions in Milan
Alessandro Manzoni

Casa Manzoni


The second tithe (Hebrew: ma'aser sheni מעשר שני) is a tithe mentioned in the Hebrew Bible and practised within Orthodox Judaism. It is distinguished from the first tithe (Hebrew: ma'aser rishon מעשר ראשון), the third or poor tithe, and the terumat hamaaser.

In the days of the Temple in Jerusalem, the second tithe involved the setting aside of one tenth of specific agricultural produce during the first, second, fourth and fifth years of each seven-year cycle, for the purpose of taking it to the holy city of Jerusalem, and consuming it there.

In the Hebrew Bible
Instructions for the second tithe are provided in Deuteronomy , supported by references in  and .  provides instructions for the third or poor tithe, which is performed in the third and sixth years of the seven-year cycle. The remaining seventh year is described as the Shmita, the Sabbatical Year.

As described, the tithe should be of grain, wine, and olive oil, but if the distance to Jerusalem made the carriage of these crops unreasonable, the monetary value of the tithe could be brought to Jerusalem instead, and used to purchase anything edible that the owner desired to eat there - an ox, a sheep, some wine, or beer, or "whatever your soul desires" - for a feast with the person's household in the presence of God.

In the Mishna and Talmud

The Mishnah, in Tractate Rosh Hashanah, describes four new years for various purposes. The new year for tithes for general crops is the first of Tishrei (the holiday of Rosh Hashanah), for animal tithes the first of Elul, and for the produce of trees the fifteenth of Shevat (the holiday of Tu Bishvat). The Talmud and later commentaries reflect a substantial amount of debate about the start and end of the tithing year for various types of crops in various situations.

The practice of the ma'aser sheni
The second tithe is a distinct tithing obligation of 10% of the produce after terumah and the first tithe were separated. If any of these tithes were not separated, the produce was known as tevel and forbidden for consumption. The owner of the produce was required to separate tithe, of any kind, after the particular kind of produce was finished in its common preparation for ingathering. Unlike the first tithe, the second tithe was only separated on the first, second, fourth and fifth years of the sabbatical year cycle. The poor tithe was separated on the third and sixth years.

The produce was required to be maintained in a state of purity and eaten in a state of purity in Jerusalem, at any time of the year. If the owner did not desire or was unable to bring the produce to Jerusalem, he was entitled to redeem the produce on a coin of equal value, in addition to adding a fifth to the value. The ability to redeem produce on money results in money which is mikudash (sacred, as earmarked for Temple purposes), while the produce became desanctified and available for ordinary use. The money could only be used for limited categories of use in keeping with its sacred status. Improper spending of the money was forbidden.

After the Second Temple's destruction and the inability to consume fruits of Second Tithe in a state of ritual cleanness, the general practice was to redeem the produce and its sanctity on a coin, and to discard the coin, or else to separate the Second Tithe and to profane its sanctity by having it transferred to a smaller piece of produce of its own kind, such as wine upon wine and grain upon grain. Afterwards, the smaller piece (to which the fruit's Second Tithe sanctity has been transferred) is discarded. In the absence of the Temple and ritual purity, second tithe produce valued at one-hundred denarii can be redeemed on a perutah, and does not require redeeming its full monetary value.

Before one actually separates the designated tithes (e.g. Terumah, First tithe, Tithe of the Terumah, Second tithe or, in other years, the Poor man's tithe), he makes one, all-inclusive blessing: "Blessed are you, O Lord our God, King of the universe, who has commanded us to separate the priestly dues (terumot) and the tithes (ma'aserot)." The redemption of the Second Tithe is preceded by the blessing: "Blessed are you, O Lord our God, King of the universe, who has commanded us concerning the redemption of the Second Tithe."

The Scriptures include a commandment to remove all the tithes from one's house in the end of the third year ().

Since the Torah enjoined the owner of the produce to share the second tithe with the poor, needy and disenfranchised, a large portion was shared as a form of charity.

In contemporary Orthodox Judaism

Orthodox Judaism still regards tithe obligations as in effect on produce grown in the Land of Israel, although proceeds from the tithes are no longer given to a Kohen or Levite or taken to Jerusalem.

Contemporary practice is to set aside terumah, separate first tithe (ma'aser rishon), separate terumat ma'aser, separate either the second tithe or the poor tithe (depending on the year), then (if applicable) redeem the second tithe with a coin. The coin can be a minimal amount capable of purchasing food and need not be the value of the produce. When the value of the coin is "filled", the coin can be redeemed on a coin of higher value or discarded in a way that prevents its future use.

Terumah and terumat ma'aser must be discarded in a manner consistent with their sanctity. The reason for discarding in such a manner is that the set-aside produce is still considered mikudash or sacred. While dedicated offerings cannot actually be offered in their traditional form in the absence of the Temple, because one must consume terumah and maaser sheni in a state of purity, they also cannot be used for mundane purposes. However, the mundane use of maaser sheni was not considered me'ilah (unauthorized or inappropriate use of Temple property/hekdesh).

Every three years, on the mincha (afternoon service) of the last day of Pesach (Passover), they would say the Vidui Maaser (a confession of tithing prescribed specifically in the Torah). The reason this is done at the end of the festival, at the last prayer is because until that time (during the Temple era), people were still eating their Maaser Sheni.

Critical perspectives
In Classical Rabbinical Literature, according to which the entire Torah was principally written by a single author (Moses), the maaser sheni, and maaser ani were contrasted with the Maaser Rishon as entirely different tithes from each other, and for this reason gave the tithes the distinct names they possess.

However, according to the view of some textual scholars, the latter tithe, which is mentioned in the Priestly Code, and constitutes an annual tithe given over to the Levites, additionally tithing cattle and wine, is a conflicting version of the same single tithe as the tithe formed by the maaser ani and maaser sheni taken together; the maaser ani and maaser sheni together being the Deuteronomist's version and the maaser rishon being the version of the priestly source; despite the fact that those tithes appear in both Leviticus and Deuteronomy. The Jewish Encyclopedia article (1911) concludes that there is no significant textual evidence that the tithes come from different sources and the theory ignores the role of terumah and terumat maaser, which were separated for the priests. In both alleged "versions" it is required that a portion be given to the Leviim because they had no inheritance of land, unlike the other tribes, and were considered to be more likely to be supported by others' property. Although the deuteronomist is generally considered to be a later author than the priestly source, scholars believe that much of the Deuteronomic Code was a reaction against the regulations introduced by the Priestly Code, and that here it reflects the earlier situation.

Some scholars speculate that maaser sheni developed as a tribute to the king; the Books of Samuel mention that the Israelites were ordered by Samuel (speaking on behalf of God) to give a tenth of everything to the king, seemingly referring to such a tribute in a passage (1 Samuel 8:15) which textual scholars believe belongs to the monarchial source, and predates both the Priestly Code and the Deuteronomic Code.  This is in contrast to the reading of the text which was a warning by Samuel to the Children of Israel about the abuses of power that a king may impose. There is no example of an Israelite king actually imposing such a 10% tax. Further, ma'aser sheni was retained for consumption by the farmer who produced the crop or redeemed by said farmer for money to be used by him and his family. Some scholars speculate that these tributes began to be used for public festivals, often including religious ones, and thus gradually came to be seen as associated with the priests. Once again, this is unlikely as the Levites who received ma'aser rishon were not priests (called "kohanim"). The kohanim received terumah and terumat ma'aser from the Leviim, not ma'aser rishon, as would be thought if they had written the Torah to enhance their own agenda. Moreover, this has nothing to do with ma'aser sheni, which, once again, was retained by the farmer who was liable to separate the tithe.

See also
 Teruma gedola, the great tribute
 Terumat HaMaaser
 Maaser Rishon, the first tithe
 Maaser Ani, the poor tithe

References

External links
Yeshivat Ohr Yerushalayim website on Jewish Law

Jewish sacrificial law
Jewish agrarian laws
Land of Israel laws in Judaism
Tithes in Judaism

Second tithe


A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities.

Treatment

Surgical treatment will often be required, usually an Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF). This involves the surgical reduction, or realignment, of the fracture followed by the implementation of surgical implants to aid in the healing of the fracture.

Prognosis
According to some studies, patients with bimalleolar fractures had significantly worse function in the ankle one year after surgical treatment. After recovering fully from their fractures, the majority of patients experience little to mild pain and have few restrictions in functionality.

See also
Trimalleolar fracture
Pott's fracture

References

External links

Injuries of ankle and foot

Bimalleolar fracture


The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle is a 2000 American live-action/animated adventure slapstick comedy movie directed by Des McAnuff and produced by Universal Pictures, based on the television series of the same name by Jay Ward. The animated characters Rocky and Bullwinkle share the screen with live actors portraying Fearless Leader (Robert De Niro, who also co-produced the movie), Boris Badenov (Jason Alexander) and Natasha Fatale (Rene Russo) along with Randy Quaid, Piper Perabo, Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell. June Foray reprises her role as Rocky, while Keith Scott (no relation to original voice actor Bill Scott) voiced Bullwinkle and the movie's narrator. It also features cameo appearances by performers including James Rebhorn, Paget Brewster, Janeane Garofalo, John Goodman, David Alan Grier, Don Novello, Jon Polito, Carl Reiner, Whoopi Goldberg, Max Grodénchik, Norman Lloyd, Jonathan Winters and Billy Crystal. The movie follows a young rookie FBI agent named Karen Sympathy enlisting the help of Rocky and Bullwinkle to stop Boris, Natasha and Fearless Leader from taking over the United States.

Released on June 30, 2000, the movie was a box office bomb, grossing $35.1 million worldwide against its $76 million budget and received generally mixed reviews with criticism towards its writing, plot, and humor while praising the performances, visual effects and faithfulness to its source material.

Cast
 June Foray as the voice of Rocky, animated Natasha Fatale and The Narrator's mother.
 Keith Scott as the voice of Bullwinkle, animated Fearless Leader, animated Boris Badenov, The Narrator and RBTV Announcer
 Piper Perabo as Karen Sympathy
 Sara Paxton as young Karen
 Jason Alexander as Boris Badenov
 Rene Russo as Natasha Fatale
 Robert De Niro as Fearless Leader
 Randy Quaid as Cappy "Frank" von Trapment
 Paget Brewster as Jenny Spy
 Janeane Garofalo as Minnie Mogul
 Carl Reiner as P.G. Biggershot
 Jonathan Winters as Whoppa Chopper Pilot, Ohio Cop with Bullhorn and Old Jeb
 John Goodman as Oklahoma State Trooper
 John Brandon as General Admission
 Kenan Thompson as Lewis
 Kel Mitchell as Martin
 James Rebhorn as President Signoff
 David Alan Grier as Measures
 Ed Gale as The Mole
 Lily Nicksay as Sydney
 Jon Polito as Schoentell
 Don Novello as Fruit Vendor Twins
 Victor Raider-Wexler as Igor
 Phil Proctor as RBTV Floor Director
 Dian Bachar as RBTV Studio Technician
 Drena De Niro as RBTV Lackey
 Jeffrey Ross as District Attorney
 Wesley Mann as Clerk
 Jason Marsden as Ole
 Courtland Mead as young Ole
 Harrison Young as General Foods
 Max Grodénchik and Eugene Alper as Horse Spies
 Alexis Thorpe as Supermodel
 Taraji P. Henson as Left-Wing Student
 Norman Lloyd as Wossamotta U. President
 Mark Holton as FBI Agent - Potato
 Doug Jones as FBI Agent - Carrot
 Arvie Lowe Jr. as Sharp-Eyed Student
 Tress MacNeille as the voice of a cartoon weasel
 Chip Chinery and Robin Williams as Security Guards
 Will Ryan (uncredited) as "You've got mail" announcer
 Whoopi Goldberg (uncredited) as Judge Cameo
 Billy Crystal (uncredited) as Mattress Salesman

Production
In October 1998, it was announced that Monica Potter had been cast as the lead role of Karen Sympathy. Robert De Niro was also announced to be in negotiations for the role of Fearless Leader, with Des McAnuff set to direct from Kenneth Lonergan's screenplay. In November 1998, Jason Alexander was cast as Boris Badenov. In January 1999, Rene Russo was cast as Natasha Fatale. In February 1999, Potter dropped out from playing Karen and was replaced by Piper Perabo.

Other websites

 2000 movies
 2000s comedy movies

2000 adventure movies
 American animated movies
 American comedy movies
 Movies set in Los Angeles
 English-language movies
 Universal Pictures movies

The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle


Beau Brummel is a 1924 American silent historical drama film starring John Barrymore and Mary Astor. The film was directed by Harry Beaumont and based upon Clyde Fitch's 1890 play, which had been performed by Richard Mansfield, and depicts the life of the British Regency dandy Beau Brummell.

Several years after Barrymore's death, his daughter Diana Barrymore was shown a special screening of this film as she had never seen her father in any of his silent films.

In 1952, the film entered the public domain in the United States because Warner Bros. did not renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication.

Plot
In 1795, the cream of English aristocracy attend the wedding of "tradesman's daughter" Margery. She loves Beau Brummel, a penniless captain in the Tenth Hussars, but has been pressured into agreeing to marry Lord Alvanley, exchanging her family's wealth for social standing and a title. When Brummel comes to see her just before the wedding, she begs him to take her away, but her ambitious mother, Mrs. Wertham, intervenes, and Margery gives way. Embittered, Brummel decides to seek revenge against society using his "charm, wit and personal appearance".

At a dinner given by the Prince of Wales for the officers of his regiment, the Prince is attracted to Mrs. Snodgrass, the innkeeper's wife. When Brummel rescues him from the irate husband, he takes a great liking to the captain, enabling Brummel to attach himself to His Royal Highness.

By 1811, Brummel has made his house in London the "rendezvous of the smart world" and himself the arbiter of fashion. When Lord Henry Stanhope catches him dallying with his infatuated wife, a duel ensues. Lord Henry misses, whereupon Brummel fires his pistol into the air. Afterward, however, Brummel informs Lady Hester Stanhope that he never loved her. She attracts the attention of the womanizing Prince.

She and another enemy he has made set out to turn the Prince against him. Brummel unwittingly helps them, having become too sure of his position; he is rude to his royal friend. Brummel turns his attentions to the Duchess of York, the Prince's sister-in-law. She agrees to a late night private supper, but Lady Margery shows up first. She warns him that his enemies are hard at work; one knows about the rendezvous. The Prince arrives unannounced, expecting to find the Duchess, but is (pleasantly) surprised to find Lady Margery instead. When she rejects his initial advances, he offers to appoint Brummel the Ambassador to France. Lady Margery is delighted at the prospect, but it is all for naught. Shortly afterward, the two men quarrel openly, and neither is interested in a reconciliation.

No longer able to fend off his creditors as a result of the withdrawal of the Prince's favor, Brummel flees to Calais to avoid going to debtors' prison, accompanied only by his loyal butler Mortimer.  Years pass, and the Prince, now King George IV, stops at Calais. In his entourage is Lady Margery. Both see Brummel standing by the side of the road.  Without his master's knowledge, Mortimer goes to see the King, pretending to represent Brummel in an effort to heal the breach. When Brummel finds out, he discharges Mortimer. Lady Margery comes to see Brummel in his garret. Her husband has died, and she asks him to marry her. He turns her down, saying he is too worn out and tired, perhaps even of love. After she departs, his resolution wavers, but he regains control of himself.

In old age, Brummel ends up in the hospital prison of Bon Saveur. The ever-faithful Mortimer visits him, but Brummel's mind has deteriorated - he does not recognise his old servant at first. Mortimer informs him that the King has died and that Lady Margery is very ill. The scene shifts to the latter's bed. Her spirit leaves her body and travels to Brummel's cell. When Brummel also dies, their youthful souls are joyfully reunited.

Cast

 John Barrymore as George Bryan "Beau" Brummel
 Mary Astor as Lady Margery Alvanley
 Willard Louis as Prince of Wales
 Carmel Myers as Lady Hester Stanhope
 Irene Rich as Frederica Charlotte, Duchess of York, sister-in-law of the Prince of Wales
 Alec B. Francis as Mortimer, Brummel's butler
 William J. Humphrey as Lord Alvanley
 Richard Tucker as Lord Henry Stanhope
 George Beranger as Lord Byron
 Clarissa Selwynne as Mrs. Wertham
 John J. Richardson as Poodles Byng
 Claire de Lorez as Lady Manly
 Michael Dark as Lord Manly
 Templar Saxe as Desmond Wertham
 James A. Marcus as Snodgrass, the innkeeper
 Betty Brice as Mrs. Snodgrass
 Roland Rushton as Mr. Abrahams, a creditor of Brummel's
 Carol Holloway as Kathleen, the maid
 Kate Lester as Lady Miora
 Rose Dione as Madame Bergere
 C. H. Chaldecotte as Timothy
 F. F. Guenste as Parkyns, valet to the Prince of Wales
 Beaudine Anderson as child (uncredited)

See also
John Barrymore filmography

Production
Shooting on the film began in September 1923.

Barrymore and Astor were conducting an affair during filming.

Barrymore and Willard Louis, who played the Prince of Wales, frequently told bawdy jokes rather than say their lines, since it was a silent film. However, they did not take into account deaf audience members who could lip read what they were saying. Many of these patrons wrote to complain about the actors' antics.

The picture was a remake of a 1913 version and was in turn remade in 1954 with Stewart Granger, Elizabeth Taylor and Peter Ustinov, although the latter film restored the original spelling of  "Brummell."

Reception

Box Office
According to Warner Bros records the film earned $453,000 domestically and $42,000 foreign.

Preservation status
Beau Brummel survives today in various edits, the original 135 minute release and 80 minute and 71 minute versions. The short versions usually cut Carmel Myers' scenes.

References

External links

 Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks visit Barrymore during the production

1924 films
American silent feature films
American black-and-white films
1924 romantic drama films
1920s historical romance films
American films based on plays
Films set in 1795
Films set in 1811
Films set in France
Films set in London
Films directed by Harry Beaumont
American ghost films
Warner Bros. films
Articles containing video clips
Cultural depictions of George IV
Cultural depictions of Lord Byron
Cultural depictions of Beau Brummell
American historical romance films
1920s American films
English-language romantic drama films
Silent American romantic drama films
1920s English-language films
Silent historical romance films

Beau Brummel (1924 film)


Seán Power (born 14 October 1960) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kildare South constituency.

Power was born in Caragh, near Naas in County Kildare and was educated locally at the Christian Brothers School in Naas. His father Paddy Power was a TD, MEP and cabinet minister. His brother, J.J. Power is a former Green Party member of Kildare County Council.

He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1989 general election, as a Fianna Fáil TD for the Kildare constituency, retaining his father's seat. He was re-elected at 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007 general elections. He was a member of Kildare County Council from 1999 to 2004

In 1991, Power was a key member of the so-called "gang of four" which proposed a motion of no confidence in the Taoiseach, and the leader of his party, Charles Haughey. The other members of the group were Noel Dempsey, Liam Fitzgerald and M. J. Nolan. That incident led to Albert Reynolds's first bid for the leadership and to Haughey's eventual resignation in 1992. When Reynolds eventually became Taoiseach, Power was appointed Assistant Chief Whip. He served as a member of the Joint Committees on European Affairs and on the Environment and Local Government.

In Bertie Ahern's 2004 reshuffle, Power was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Health and Children with special responsibility for Health Promotion. After the 2007 general election he was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform with special responsibility for Equality.

On 13 May 2008, shortly after Brian Cowen became Taoiseach, he was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources with special responsibility for Information Society and Natural Resources. He served in this position until April 2009 when he was dropped in a reshuffle where the number of junior ministers was reduced from 20 to 15.

He lost his seat at the 2011 general election. He was elected to Kildare County Council for the Kildare–Newbridge area in May 2014. He did not contest the 2019 local elections.

See also
Families in the Oireachtas

References

1960 births
Living people
Fianna Fáil TDs
Members of Kildare County Council
Members of the 26th Dáil
Members of the 27th Dáil
Members of the 28th Dáil
Members of the 29th Dáil
Members of the 30th Dáil
Ministers of State of the 29th Dáil
Ministers of State of the 30th Dáil
Politicians from County Kildare
People from Naas

Seán Power (politician)


was a Japanese painter also known as Kimura Heizō (his birth name), Shūri, Mitsuyori, and Sanraku.  Sanraku's works combine the forceful quality of Momoyama work with the tranquil depiction of nature, and they have a more refined use of color typical of the Edo period.

Life
His father was the painter Kimura Nagamitsu who flourished circa 1570, and he was born in Shiga Prefecture and died in Kyoto.

Sanraku worked as a page in the service of the "second unifier of Japan", Toyotomi Hideyoshi, in the 1570s. While in Hideyoshi's service, Sanraku's talent shined through and led to Hideyoshi introducing the young boy to the famed Kano artist school head artist of the time, Kanō Eitoku. Eitoku was so impressed by the young boy's skills that he adopted Sanraku, making him officially a part of the Kanō school. Originally named Kanō Mitsuyori, he later changed his name to avoid political persecution after the fall of the Toyotomi clan. He also went on to train and work closely with Kanō Sansetsu, even having Sansetsu marry his daughter and, after the loss of Sanraku's eldest son, making him Sanraku's heir by adopting him.

After Eitoku's death (1590), Sanraku became head of the Kanō school and remained busy taking commissions from Hideyoshi and his son, Toyotomi Hideyori, from 1590 to 1615. During this time the Toyotomi clan was focused on rebuilding Kyoto to its former splendor, before the Genpei Wars. This meant commissions from the Toyotomi clan were focused within their family castle (Momoyama Castle—original no longer surviving), reconstruction of Imperial imagery, and paintings for Buddhist temples and Shinto Shrines all around Kyoto. Though many of his primary commissions were in Kyoto at the time, most of the Kanō artists moved to Edo (often after a summons from the shōgun), but he continued to adhere to the brightly coloured style of the Momoyama period.  His grandson, Kanō Einō, painted in the same style, but is better known for a biographical history of Japanese painting, which gave the Kanō school pride of place.

In 1615, the Tokugawa clan, specifically Tokugawa Ieyasu, solidified their domination over the Toyotomi clan in the Siege of Osaka. The murdering of his main patron, burning of works in Momoyama Castle, and general political turnover made Sanraku remove himself from Kyoto's artistic and social circles and took the tonsure, changing his name from Mitsuyori to the priestly Sanraku. During this time he spent secluded in remote country temples, but found his way back to Kyoto in 1619 at work on a commission form the shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada for fusuma (sliding door) panels to be used in the latest refurbishment of the imperial palace in preparation for the marriage of his daughter Tokugawa Kazuko to the emperor Emperor Go-Mizunoo. Sanraku continued to paint for the Tokugawa family for 15 years until his death in 1634.

Style
Considered one of the most talented artists of the Kanō school, he continued to champion the dramatic style of his mentor, Eitoku. Though he retreated slightly from the dynamic imagery, substituting first a naturalism of expression and then a quality of elegant ornamentation, he skill pushed the revitalization of yamato-e through the gold-and-blue technique. However, like most Kanō artists of the period, he was still a master of  painting in a variety of styles ranging from large works for decorating castles (like the two illustrated) to smaller monochrome kara-e derived from Chinese ink-wash painting. He mastered a true fusion of both kara-e and yamato-e, thus allowing him to align the Kano school with the second phase of painting within the Edo period. This phase of painting represented a more intellectual approach to pictorial content on the part of the artist—and often commissioner—whether it be reworking traditional yamato-e theme or interpreting complex and unfamiliar subjects from Chinese literature. This helped to reshape Japanese's artistic identity after being severely shaken during the war ridden Medieval Periods.

Works
Carriage Fight Scene from Hollyhock Chapter of the Tales of Genji; four surviving panels byōbu. Early 17th century. Color and ink on paper, . Tokyo National Museum
Frolicking Birds in Plum and Willow Trees in Jokanninoma room of Tenkyuin Temple (a sub-temple of Myoshinji Temple). 17th Century. Four walls with eight doors and 18 panels,  color and washi on paper and laid with gold leaf, http://global.canon/en/tsuzuri/works/30.html
Tigers and Storms pair of screens
Tigers in a Bamboo Forest on fusuma in Tenkyuin (a sub-temple of Myoshinji Temple). 17th century. Four walls with twenty sliding doors; East 4 panels: , West 4 panels: , South 4 panels: , North 4 panels: , North-center 4 panels: , Tenkyuin Temple, a subtemple of Myoshinji Temple
The Three Laughing Men of the Valley of the Tiger, screen, color, India ink, and gold on paper. Tokyo National Museum.

Notes

References
Paine, Robert Treat, in: Paine, R. T. & Soper A, The Art and Architecture of Japan, Pelican History of Art, 3rd ed 1981, Penguin (now Yale History of Art),
Watson, William, The Great Japan Exhibition: Art of the Edo Period 1600–1868, 1981, Royal Academy of Arts/Weidenfeld & Nicolson

External links
Momoyama, Japanese Art in the Age of Grandeur, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Kanō Sanraku

1559 births
1635 deaths
16th-century Japanese people
16th-century Japanese artists
16th-century Japanese painters
17th-century Japanese painters
People from Shiga Prefecture
Kanō school
Artists from Shiga Prefecture

Kanō Sanraku


Joey's Song raises money for epilepsy research and programs in honor of four-year-old Joey Gomoll, who passed one week shy of his fifth birthday from a rare form of the disease called Dravet Syndrome.  Grammy winners, Top 40 hitmakers, and special guests donate their time to perform at benefit concerts to raise awareness about epilepsy, which affects more people than multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease COMBINED.

Joey's Song events have grown substantially since the organization started in 2010, showcasing artists such as Butch Vig and Duke Erikson of Garbage, musicians from Soul Asylum and Fountains of Wayne, Belly, and many more.  More than 100 artists have contributed original and rare musical content to the Joey's Song series of compilation CDs.

Joey's Song is the name of a series of music compilation CDs featuring nationally and internationally known artists who are donating their music to help raise awareness and monies to fight epilepsy.  The Joey's Song CD series was launched by The Joseph Gomoll Foundation.  The Joseph Gomoll Foundation was started in April 2010 following the death of 4-year-old Joey Gomoll.  Over 100 artists have agreed to support and contribute original and rare musical content to the Joey's Song series of CDs.

About Joey
Joey's Song was set up as a tribute to honor Joseph Martin Gomoll who died unexpectedly on March 30, 2010 just shy of his 5th birthday. Joey was afflicted with Dravet's Syndrome, a rare form of epilepsy, his entire life.  Joey had a love for music and it was a big part of his life.  The CD series is a perfect way to remember him as he could often be seen laughing, smiling, singing or dancing to music.

Aims and aspirations of the Joey's Song CD series
Since 2011, The Joseph Gomoll Foundation, headquartered in Wisconsin, has been releasing a series of CDs called Joey's Song.  All money raised is directly benefiting children with special needs and those suffering from seizures. The CDs feature donated rare and unreleased songs from major recording acts from around the world.  There is a companion series of CDs of children's music as well, most recorded specifically for Joey's Song.

The Foundation is planning to release multiple CDs annually. A successful series of CDs will result in thousands of dollars annually being targeted for epilepsy research and awareness! The Foundation's goal is to truly make a difference in the lives of children with special needs and all those suffering from seizures.

Joey's Song: Volume 1 track listing
Volume 1 was released January 25, 2011.  It features rare and unreleased songs from major recording acts from around the world. The CD contains multiple Grammy/Oscar nominated artists and others who are legends in their field.

Joey's Song Volume 1 track listing
 "Hang On Mike" (live) – Mike Viola *
 "If Your Tears Don't Make a Sound" (demo) – Justin Currie of Del Amitri *
 "In Love With You" – Tim Easton *
 "The Difference" - Thea Gilmore *
 "The Sweetest Sound of All" - Ed Harcourt *
 "People Got A lot of Nerve" – Neko Case
 "Mmmm, Mmmm, Mmmm" (live) - Crash Test Dummies
 "Streets Of Laredo" – Slaid Cleaves
 "This Street, This Man, This Life" (acoustic) - Cowboy Junkies*
 "Wash & Fold" (live) - DADDY - featuring Will Kimbrough and Tommy Womack*
 "All Thumbs" (demo) – Tracy Bonham *
 "I Believe In You" – Robbie Fulks *
 "14th Street and Mars" (alternate version) - Michelle Malone *
 "Seven Angels" - HEM *
 "Carry Your Cross" (demo)  -- Michael McDermott *
 "Still I Dream"- AA Bondy *
 = previously unreleased.

Joey's Song for Kids: Volume 1 - Track listing
Joey's Song for Kids: Volume 1 is composed of children's songs, most recorded specifically for Joey's Song.  The CD contains children's classics, such as "Wheels on the Bus" (Lowen & Navarro) as well as songs like "Oh, Johnny LeBeck" (Eileen Rose) which has special meaning to the artists.
 "Monkeys" - Steve Wynn *
 "Oh Johnny LeBeck"  - Eileen Rose and The Legendary Rich Gilbert *
 "Baby Clap"  - Greg Percy *
 "The Wheels on the Bus" (live) - Lowen & Navarro *
 "Little Blue Horses"  - The Sleepytones
 "Say, Say, Oh Playmate"  - April Smith and The Great Picture Show *
 "Hippopotamus"  - Jon Dee Graham
 "Pickle Me Juice" - Ralph Covert *
 "Mr. Teetot" -  Ellis Paul *
 "Working On The Railroad" - The Band Of Blacky Ranchette (aka Howe Gelb) *
 "Upside Down Town"  - Greg Trooper *
 "Dan Blocker"  - Gurf Morlix
 "And It's Beautiful"  - Crash Test Dummies
 "You Are My Sunshine" -  Matthew Ryan *
 "Sam's Lullaby"  - Phil Lee *
 = previously unreleased.

Joey's Song: Volume 2 track listing
Joey's Song Volume 2 was released September 23, 2012 and features rare and unreleased music from a broad array of music stars and legends.  Nearly all of the music on Joey's Song Volume 2 CDs are not available anywhere else.  Joey's Song CDs contain music from artists who have been recognized with Grammy nominations, Top 10 songs, hall of fame inductions, Juno awards and more.

Joey's Song Volume 2 track listing
 "Lying (Long-Play Version)"  - Sam Phillips
 "No Surprise"  - Willie Wisely Trio *
 "No Water, No Wood"  - Mark Olson
 "Seven Year Ache (Live from Zone C)"  - Rosanne Cash *
 "New Orleans"  - Peter Bradley Adams *
 "Loud Boy"  - The Small Ponds *
 "In The Canyon (live)"  - Gary Louris *
 "Once (live)"  - Mark Erelli *
 "Love"  - Star & Micey *
 "Jesse Likes Birds"  - Carrie Elkin
 "Far Too Far"  - Trespassers William
 "Carefree"  - Holly Beth Vincent *
 "Love Knows No Borders"  - Giant Sand
 "Under The Waves (live studio recording)"  - Pete Drige *
 "Hastings-On-Hudson (Summer 2000)"  - Mark Kozelek *
 = previously unreleased.

Joey's Song for Kids: Volume 2 - Track listing
 "The Spinning Song"  - The Knack
 "There's A Hole In The bottom Of The Sea"  - The Weirdo Deluxe *
 "Wiggly Wah"  - Martha Davis *
 "La La Love"  - Robbie Schaefer
 "Return To Pooh Corner"  - Bryan Cole *
 "Sparky The Heroic Dog"  - Freedy Johnston *
 "Not Afraid of Nothin'"  - Joe Bainbridge *
 "Snowball"  - The Handsome Family
 "Take Me Out To The Ballgame"  - The Baseball Project *
 "The Cat Went In The Hole"  - The Sursiks
 "B-I-N-G-O"  - Robbins & Glazer *
 "Little Red Wagon"  - Wynn Taylor *
 "Pick Yourself Up"  - The Yell Leaders *
 "Candy Garden"  - The Bazillions *
 "Bye Bye Day"  - Eddie Kilgallon *
 "Child Asleep"  - Sam Llanas *
 = previously unreleased.

References

Further reading
 Tanzilo, Bobby Omnivore distribution boosts new set of Joey's Song discs OnMilwaukee.com Article, Published July 9, 2012
 Omnivore Recordings to Release Joey's Song Volume 2, A Compilation Benefit CD Series Fighting Epilepsy with Music, Omnivore Recordings press release, Los Angeles, CA – July 10, 2012

 ]

External links
 Official Joeyssong website
 Official Joey's Song Facebook page
 Official Joeyssong Twitter account
 Official Joeyssong YouTube channel
 Official Joey's Song Myspace Page

2010 albums

Joey's Song (CD series)


Somapacitan, sold under the brand name Sogroya, is a growth hormone medication. Somapacitan is a human growth hormone analog. Somapacitan-beco is produced in Escherichia coli by recombinant DNA technology.

The most common side effects include: back pain, joint paint, indigestion, a sleep disorder, dizziness, tonsillitis, swelling in the arms or lower legs, vomiting, adrenal insufficiency, hypertension, increase in blood creatine phosphokinase (a type of enzyme), weight increase, and anemia.

It was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2020, and in the European Union in March 2021.

Somapacitan is the first human growth hormone (hGH) therapy that adults only take once a week by injection under the skin; other FDA-approved hGH formulations for adults with growth hormone deficiency must be administered daily. It contains a small non-covalent moiety that reversibly binds to serum albumin which slows down elimination.

Medical uses
Somapacitan is indicated for replacement of endogenous growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

GHD is a condition when the body doesn't produce enough growth hormone on its own. Growth hormone regulates many functions in the body including accumulation of fat in the trunk or central area of the body that can be associated with serious medical issues.

Contraindications
Somapacitan should not be used in people with active malignancy, any stage of diabetic eye disease in which high blood sugar levels cause damage to blood vessels in the retina, acute critical illness, or those with acute respiratory failure, because of the increased risk of mortality with use of pharmacologic doses of somapacitan in critically ill individuals without growth hormone deficiency.

History
Somapacitan was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT02229851) in 300 participants with growth hormone deficiency who had never received growth hormone treatment or had stopped treatment with other growth hormone formulations at least three months before the study. Participants were randomly assigned to receive injections of weekly somapacitan, weekly placebo (inactive treatment), or daily somatropin, an FDA-approved growth hormone. The effectiveness of somapacitan was determined by the percentage change of truncal fat, the fat that is accumulated in the trunk or central area of the body that is regulated by growth hormone and can be associated with serious medical issues. The trial was conducted at 92 sites in 16 countries: the United States, Australia, Germany, India, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Poland, Romania, Russian Fed, South Africa, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.

Adult participants were assigned at random to weekly Sogroya or placebo injections for 34 weeks. Neither the participants nor the investigators knew which treatment was given until the end of the trial. One additional group of participants with GHD received daily injections of somatotropin (an approved treatment for GHD). At the end of the 34-week treatment period, truncal fat decreased by 1.06%, on average, among participants taking weekly somapacitan while it increased among participants taking the placebo by 0.47%. In the daily somatropin group, truncal fat decreased by 2.23%. Participants in the weekly somapacitan and daily somatropin groups had similar improvements in other clinical endpoints.

Society and culture

Legal status
Somapacitan was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2020. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the approval of Sogroya to Novo Nordisk, Inc.

On 28 January 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Sogroya, intended for the treatment of growth hormone deficiency in adults. The applicant for this medicinal product is Novo Nordisk A/S. Somapacitan was approved for medical use in the European Union in March 2021.

See also
 Growth hormone therapy

References

External links

Growth hormones
Orphan drugs

Somapacitan


Miju (Midžu, Miju, Mijhu), Kaman–Meyor, Midžuish, Southern Mishmi, or Geman languages are a small proposed family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken by the Kaman (Miju Mishmi) people of southeastern Tibet and Arunachal Pradesh. The languages are Kaman (Midzu/Miju) and Zakhring (Meyor). Although Zakhring appears to be Sino-Tibetan, Kaman may be more divergent. Blench and Post (2011) believe that Zakhring is an East Bodish language that has been influenced by Midzu or other divergent languages of the region, whereas Kaman may be a language isolate.

Blench (2015) suggests that Meyor (Zakhring) and Kman may each be language isolates. Blench argues that the lexical similarities between Kman and Zakhring are borrowings, and that Zakhring had borrowed heavily from Kman and Tibetic, and then later borrowed from Naga languages and Jingpho as well.

Regardless, they are not closely related to the Northern Mishmi also known as Digaro languages.

References

 George van Driem (2001) Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region. Brill.

Languages of India
Proposed language families

Miju languages


Union Church, also known as the Union Church of New Haven Mills is a historic church at the junction of River Rd. and East Street in New Haven, Vermont.  Built in 1851, it is a fine local example of Greek Revival architecture with added Queen Anne Victorian features, and one of the oldest surviving buildings in a once-thriving mill village.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Description and history
The Union Church stands prominently at the center of the village of New Haven Mills in central-eastern New Haven, a now-rural village with a modest industrial past.  It is a single-story rectangular wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior.  A modest square tower, with open belfry and pyramidal roof, rises above the roof.  The building corners have pilasters, which rise to an encircling entablature and a fully pedimented gable on the front facade.  The front facade is unadorned except for the centered main entrance, which is in a slight recess flanked by pilasters and topped by a corniced entablature.  The interior of the sanctuary has rows of original bench pews, and its only illumination is from original kerosene lamps.  It has a pressed metal ceiling dating to the late 19th century.

The church was built in 1851 for a congregation established in 1797, which met in a variety of spaces prior to the construction of this building.  The village was by the 1840s a thriving industrial center, with the New Haven River lined with sawmills, gristmills, and other industry.  The church was built by Eastman Case, a local master builder, and its elements are designed in part on similar features found in other regional churches, and in part from designs published by Asher Benjamin.  Most of New Haven Mills' industrial and commercial buildings were destroyed by fires and flooding in the early 20th century, leaving the church as one of its most prominent surviving landmarks.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Addison County, Vermont

References

Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont
Churches completed in 1851
Buildings and structures in New Haven, Vermont
Churches in Addison County, Vermont
1851 establishments in Vermont
National Register of Historic Places in Addison County, Vermont

Union Church (New Haven, Vermont)


The Iraqi National List () was a coalition of Iraqi political parties who ran in the December 2005 Iraqi elections and got 8.0% of the vote and 25 out of 275 seats.

History
Prior to the December election the Iraqi list merged with Ghazi al-Yawer's The Iraqis, the most successful Sunni party in the January elections, and the Communist People's Union. The Iraqi National List alliance was created to offer a secular, cross-community alternative - composed of both Sunnis and Shiites - to the religious Shiite United Iraqi Alliance and the Sunni Iraqi Accord Front.

Member parties
Iraqi Communist Party
Assembly of Independent Democrats
People's Union
Al-Qasimy Democratic Assembly
Iraqi Republican Group
Arab Socialist Movement
Independent Democratic Gathering
Iraqi National Accord
League of Iraqi Turkmen Lords and Tribes led by Abd Al-Hammed Al-Bayati
Alfurat Al Awsat Assemblage
The Iraqis
Loyalty For Iraq Coalition
Independent Iraqi Alliance
Independent Iraqi Sheikhs Council
The National List
Al-Ahrar

December 2005 election results
The coalition ended up with 977,325 votes, or 8.0% of the vote, which amounted to 25 out of 275 seats in the Iraqi National Assembly. The following 25 people were nominated as the coalition's representatives:

1. Usama Abd Al Azeez Al Nujaifi - Sunni Arab
2. Iyad Allawi - Shiite Arab, Iraqi National Accord
3. Iyad Raouf Mohamed Jalal Al Deen
4. Jamal Abd Al Hadi Batekh
5. Hajem Mahdi Saleh
6. Husam Abd Al Kareem Abed Ali
7. Husain Ali Al Sha'alan
8. Hamid Majid Mousa - Shiite, Iraqi Communist Party
9. Kheir Alla Kareem Kathem
10. Radwan Husain Abbas Al Kleidar
11. Sa'ad Sfouk Al Masoudi
12. Safia Taleb Ali
13. Aida Shareef Tawfeeq
14. Alia Naseef Jasem
15. Abd Al Lateef Abd Al Wahab Husain
16. Adnan Pachachi - Sunni Arab, Assembly of Independent Democrats
17. Ezzat Hasan Ali
18. Ghazi al-Yawar - Sunni Arab, The Iraqis
19. Falah Hassan al-Naqib
20. Mohamed Tawfeeq Husain
21. Mohamed Abbas Mohamed
22. Mofeed Mohaed Jawad
23. Mahdi Ahmad Al Hafeth
24. Maysun al-Damluji
25. Wael Abdul Latif

References

Defunct political party alliances in Iraq
Electoral lists for Iraqi elections

Iraqi National List


Frank Charles Bolick (born June 28, 1966) is a former Major League Baseball player from Ashland, Pennsylvania. He was an infielder for the Montreal Expos and Anaheim Angels. He also played four seasons in Japan with the Chiba Lotte Marines. He threw right-handed, and was a switch hitter.

Early career
Bolick played high school baseball at Mount Carmel Area and was drafted out of high school by the Montreal Expos in 1985, but did not sign, instead choosing to play college baseball at Georgia Tech. He was drafted again by the Milwaukee Brewers in 1987, and signed with them on June 12 of that year.

Professional career

North America
Bolick made his way through various minor league organizations before making his major league debut in  with the Expos. He played in 95 games that year, hitting 4 home runs and 24 RBIs with a .211 batting average. He spent several more years in the minors with five more organizations before being promoted to the majors again in  with the Anaheim Angels. He played 21 games before being released at the end of the season.

Japan
Bolick was signed by the Chiba Lotte Marines of the Japanese Pacific League in . The Marines hoped he would emerge as the new cleanup hitter that the team badly needed, but he did not hit well in pre-season games, and began the season in the minors. However, he hit a home run in his first at-bat in April, and emerged as the team's best power hitter by the end of his first season. The Marines compiled a 22-2-1 record in games where Bolick hit a home run, and a cult belief emerged among Marines fans that the team would never lose as long as Bolick hit a home run. However, he was also one at-bat away from tying the league record for consecutive at-bats without a hit, going 0 for 51 at the end of the season. He finished the season with 26 home runs and 61 RBIs.

Bolick's production increased in his second season in Japan, where he hit 29 home runs with 102 RBIs in 125 games. He played his best season in , hitting 31 home runs and 101 RBIs with a .279 batting average. He also drew 107 walks; the Japanese single-season record, and won the Best Nine Award for designated hitter. He played an epic game on July 9, 2001, against the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks; the Marines were 3 runs behind in the 10th inning, and Bolick finished the game with a walk-off grand slam off closer Rodney Pedraza.

A new strike zone was established in Nippon Professional Baseball in , and Bolick was unable to continue his hitting prowess, ending the season with a .204 batting average. He was demoted to the minors after injuring his left knee, and was released in August. He left Japan on September 28, and a large number of Marines fans showed up at Narita International Airport to bid him farewell.

External links

1966 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
American expatriate baseball players in Japan
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Anaheim Angels players
Calgary Cannons players
Chiba Lotte Marines players
Colorado Springs Sky Sox players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Beloit Brewers players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball players
Jacksonville Suns players
Lubbock Crickets players
Major League Baseball infielders
Midland Angels players
Montreal Expos players
New Haven Ravens players
Nippon Professional Baseball designated hitters
Ottawa Lynx players
People from Ashland, Pennsylvania
San Bernardino Spirit players
Stockton Ports players
Vancouver Canadians players
Guerreros de Oaxaca players

Frank Bolick


"Heart of Steel" is a two-part episode of Batman: The Animated Series, the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth produced, dealing with a supercomputer named H.A.R.D.A.C. and its attempts to replace Gotham citizens with robotic duplicates before initiating an AI takeover. These were the first Batman scripts to be written by Brynne Stephens, who wrote a total of 7 episodes. The episodes were directed by series regular Kevin Altieri, and originally aired on November 16 and 17, 1992.

Plot

Part 1

A woman leaves a briefcase behind at Wayne Enterprises, seemingly deliberately. That night, it grows mechanical limbs and steals microchips from a safe in the research and development department. An alarm goes off, alerting Bruce, who changes into his Batman costume and investigates. He struggles with the robot, eventually chasing it to the roof, where it fires a rocket with the microchips into the sky. Batman takes a hang glider from a rooftop storage unit and pursues it until it is recovered by the woman from the beginning of the episode, who shoots down the glider and escapes.

The next day, Bruce begins to investigate the stolen microchips. He tells Alfred these microchips are a technology called 'wetware', the first stage in the development of self-aware computers. Lucius Fox tells him that the only other company who could compete with Wayne Enterprises in that field is Cybertron Industries, run by the reclusive Karl Rossum. Bruce goes out to Cybertron to meet Rossum, who shows him a giant, prototype supercomputer called H.A.R.D.A.C., as well as introducing him to his assistant, Randa Duane. Unable to find out more, Bruce makes a date with Randa and leaves. Once he is gone Duane speaks to H.A.R.D.A.C., who scolds her not getting design specifications that it needed. H.A.R.D.A.C. is then shown building a humanlike robot, whose face is not revealed, while Randa is revealed to be the woman.

At the Gordon residence, Barbara Gordon is doing homework while Commissioner Gordon reads the newspaper. The doorbell rings and a robot version of Gordon appears, tasering him unconscious and attempting to replace him, though Barbara is immediately suspicious. In the meantime, Randa picks Bruce up from Wayne Enterprises and they go to Wayne Manor, though she manages to leave her makeup compact behind. Like the briefcase before it, the compact grows legs and begins stealing files from a computer. When Bruce is alerted to the theft, he abruptly leaves his date with Randa, whom H.A.R.D.A.C. tells that the theft has been unsuccessful, and that the files that it wants are at Wayne Manor. She knocks Alfred unconscious and, using specialized goggles, locates the Batcave and informs H.A.R.D.A.C. of Batman's secret identity.

Bruce returns home, discovers the unconscious Alfred, and immediately dons his Batman costume and proceeds to the Batcave. When he attempts to use the Batcomputer it goes haywire, and suddenly the mechanical arms which previously supported his hang glider descend upon him, dragging him up into the darkness.

Part 2
Barbara soon discovers something's wrong with her father. She turns to Batman, who broke free from the mechanical arms. Bullock appears and fights with the Dark Knight. Batman fights back and pushes him against the bat signal. It is revealed that Bullock is an android and that the real Bullock has been kidnapped. Batman leaves to find Gordon and Bullock at Cybertron Industries. Barbara decides to go to Cybertron Industries to find and save her father on her own. Meanwhile, Batman frees Bullock and Gordon but is intervened by a robot run by H.A.R.D.A.C. Barbara arrives at Cybertron Industries, but a robot captures her and takes her to the supercomputer. Batman manages to free himself and fights the robots only when he is stopped by H.A.R.D.A.C. who activates the detonations program. Batman and the others manage to get out just in time before the whole place is blown up.

Trivia

The name 'Rossum' refers to R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), a Czech play by Karel Čapek, where the term 'robot' was first coined. Randa is seen driving a car early in the first episode with the license number 'RUR'.

Karl Rossum is modeled on the Blade Runner character J.F. Sebastian, who is also a roboticist portrayed by William Sanderson. In this storyline, the fake humans are called "duplicants;" while in Blade Runner, they were called "replicants."

Reception

The A.V. Club gave the episode an A−, singling out the depiction of Barbara Gordon as being particularly strong.

References

External links

1992 American television episodes
Batman: The Animated Series episodes
Television episodes about androids
Television episodes about artificial intelligence
Television episodes about abduction

Heart of Steel (Batman: The Animated Series)


Rodway is a heritage-listed villa at 2 South Street, Rangeville, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. The architect was Harry Marks. It was built from  to 1930s. It is also known as Sylvia Park. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

History
Rodway is a single storeyed timber house erected  for John Long to the design of architect Harry Marks on a 40-acre site on the Toowoomba Range.

The site was acquired by Long, a hotel keeper, in 1896. He had previously commissioned Marks' father, James Marks in 1885 to design the Imperial Hotel in Ruthven Street, which Long operated for a number of years.

In 1910, the property was acquired by grazier, John Oliver Frith and his wife Annie Peek Frith as a town residence. Frith lived in semi-retirement but maintained his Augathella property, Toolmaree Station. Renamed Rodway after his birthplace in Somersetshire in England, the house was described as one of the most picturesque and beautiful homes in the vicinity of the city. A gabled north projecting dining room bay may have been undertaken by Frith, and was certainly in existence by 1919. Interior alterations to the dining room may also have been carried out at this time. It is thought that the kitchen wing was added after 1904.

Members of the Frith family are recorded as living at Rodway until 1940 although it is believed the house was rented and used as a boarding house during the 1930s. About this time new fireplaces were installed in the living and dining rooms as well as a new ceiling in the living room. After the death of Annie Frith in 1952, the property was transferred to PJ Seymour, LH Corser, and Leo and Isabel Lynch. The property was subdivided and later sold, with the Lynches retaining the house on a 5-acre block, later reduced to 4 acres to allow for the provision of new roads.

The property was again subdivided in the mid-1990s, and the land the west of the house beyond the border of camphor laurel trees was removed from the heritage register in 1998.

Description

Rodway is a single-storeyed chamferboard residence with a corrugated iron hipped roof and projecting north gable. The building, located on the Toowoomba Range, is situated on a south sloping site, overlooking the Brisbane Valley to the southeast, with a border of mature camphor laurel trees to the west boundary and Norfolk pines to the north.

There are verandahs to the south, east, northeast and northwest, and a kitchen wing and an attached enclosed tankstand to the west. The south and northwest verandahs have been enclosed, and the building has timber stumps with batten panel infill, except to the kitchen wing which has a brick base enclosing a laundry and store. There are three brick chimneys, of which the eastern two are cement rendered.

The symmetrical east elevation has a central porch with an ornately shaped timber surround and a wide flight of timber steps. The open verandahs have an unlined corrugated iron ogee shaped awning with timber posts, brackets and grid-like balustrade. A bay to either side of the entry, and one to the north, pierce the verandah awning and are hipped at the eaves. These bays, and at either side of the dining room, contain HJ Marks' step-out "disappearing" sash windows. The north projecting dining room bay is surmounted by a gable with timber brackets to either side and decorative timber bargeboard and finial, with an awning and timber brackets to the bay window below. The northwest enclosed tankstand is taller, and has a shallow hipped roof and pressed metal window hoods.

The main entrance has a panelled cedar door with leadlight fanlight and sidelights. Internally, there is a wide central hall with a timber arch, walls are of tongue and groove boards with painted timber architraves and skirting, and doors are panelled cedar with fanlights. The northeast room has arched divides to the bays, and later fibrous cement ceiling and brick fireplace. The southeast room has an arched divide to the bay, a white marble fireplace surround and more recent ensuite. The dining room has plastered walls and ornate, pressed metal ceiling and cornice. Pressed metal ceilings also feature in the enclosed verandah rooms off the south bedroom and ensuite.

The western verandah enclosures include a guest bedroom and storeroom in the tankstand, with the original verandah posts still in place. The kitchen has been remodelled and a bathroom added to the west end of the verandah, with the verandah having an ogee shaped boarded ceiling. Stairs lead down to the laundry, which contains the original copper, and store below.

A chamferboard double garage with a corrugated iron gable roof is located on the boundary to the northwest, with iron gates to the west which originally led to an avenue which accessed the former property to the southwest. The western border of camphor laurel trees remain, the southwest section of which is fenced off to form a horse paddock. The north garden contains two large jacaranda trees with pine trees along the boundary and a timber and wire fence. Garden beds with terracotta tile surrounds and brick drains border the north garden and the grassed driveway to the east. The southeast area of the site is lower and contains the remains of the original tennis court.

Heritage listing
Rodway was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.

Rodway, erected , is important in demonstrating the evolution and pattern of Queensland's history, in particular the development of Toowoomba as the service centre for the Darling Downs Region, and the development of the Range as a prime residential area.

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.

It is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial federation period timber house.

The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.

It is important in exhibiting a range of aesthetic characteristics valued by the Toowoomba community, in particular the form of the house and its relationship to the expansive southeast view, and the layout of the gardens and mature trees and their contribution to the streetscape of South Street and to the Toowoomba townscape.

The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.

It has a special association with the life of Toowoomba architect Harry Marks as an example of his domestic work.

References

Attribution

External links

Queensland Heritage Register
Rangeville, Queensland
Houses in Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
1904 establishments in Australia
Harry Marks buildings

Rodway, Toowoomba


James Austin Sylvester  (1807-1882) was the Texian soldier who captured Antonio López de Santa Anna on April 22, 1836, the day after the Battle of San Jacinto.

Santa Anna's capture
As a captain in Sidney Sherman's Kentucky Riflemen, he was the standard-bearer for the only flag flown during the battle.  A printer's apprentice by trade, he had been born in 1807 in Baltimore, Maryland, before his parents relocated to Kentucky where he enlisted with Sherman to go to Texas and join the fight for independence. After the Kentucky Riflemen reached Gonzales on March 6, they joined with Sam Houston moving ahead of the Mexican army and training for the eventual engagement that ended with Santa Anna signing the Treaties of Velasco. Santa Anna's capture was accidental. When the battle broke out, Santa Anna deserted his men and fled on horseback. He was found by Sylvester at Vince Bayou wearing a private's uniform and hiding in the grass.  Sylvester had been hunting for food and was initially unaware the person he had just captured was the leader of the Mexican army.

Later life
Sylvester remained in Texas a few more years, but eventually moved to New Orleans to resume his chosen profession with The Picayune newspaper. After his April 9, 1882 death, he was buried in New Orleans. His body was later returned to Texas, and he is currently buried at the Texas State Cemetery in Austin, Texas.

Citation

References

1807 births
1882 deaths

Military personnel from Baltimore
People from the Republic of Texas
People of the Texas Revolution
Burials at Texas State Cemetery

James Austin Sylvester


Fujiwara no Narichika (藤原 成親) (1138–1178) was a Japanese court noble who took part in a plot against the Taira clan's dominance of the Imperial court.

Narichika was the son of Fujiwara no Ienari. For his role in the Shishigatani Incident in 1177, he was exiled, along with his son Fujiwara no Naritsune, Taira no Yasuyori, and the monk Shunkan to an island called Kikai-ga-shima in the far south of Japan. Narichika was later executed by the order of the Taira.

It is known that he was one of Fujiwara no Yorinaga's many male lovers.

References
Frederic, Louis (2002). "Fujiwara no Narichika." Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

1138 births
1178 deaths
Bisexual men
Fujiwara clan
Japanese rebels
Japanese bisexual people

Fujiwara no Narichika


Nikolaus Rajewsky (born 1968) is a German system biologist at the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and at the Charité in Berlin. He founded and directs the "Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology". (BIMSB, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine). He leads the  Rajewsky lab, where he studies how RNA regulates gene expression. He also co-chairs LifeTime, a pan-European research initiative of more than 90 academic institutions and 70 companies, which aims to revolutionize healthcare by mapping, understanding, and targeting cells during disease progression. LifeTime integrates several technologies: single-cell multiomics, machine learning, and personalized disease models such as organoids. Rajewsky has received numerous awards and honors, including the most prestigious German award, the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, endowed with 2.5 million euros by the German Research Foundation (DFG).

Early life and education
Nikolaus Rajewsky is the son of the Immunologist Klaus Rajewsky and the political scientist Christiane Rajewsky. He was born in Cologne. Between 1988 and 1993 he studied mathematics and physics at the University of Cologne and received his doctorate in theoretical physics in 1997 with his thesis Exact results for one-dimensional stochastic processes.

From 1991 to 1996, Rajewsky studied piano at the Folkwang University of the Arts in Essen and completed his studies with the artistic diploma (künstlerische Reifeprüfung).

Career and research
Starting 1998, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow for mathematical statistical physics at Rutgers University in New Jersey and then, from 1999 to 2001, on computational biology at the Rockefeller University in New York City where he became a research professor in 2002. In 2003, he became an assistant professor at New York University (tenure track, Department of Biology and Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences). In 2006, Rajewsky returned to Germany, where he became a full professor at the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in Berlin-Buch and at the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin.

In 2008, Nikolaus Rajewsky founded the "Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology" (BIMSB). The mission of BIMSB is to directly integrate different levels of gene regulation to better understand how genotypes translate into phenotypes. This is achieved by promoting a highly collaborative environment and the synergistic application of computational and experimental methods. More recently, BIMSB engages in applying novel methods to disease progressions to find points where cells deviate from health. By understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these deviations, new therapeutic targets can be identified. BIMSB integrates experimental and computational methods. BIMSB received initial funding from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Berlin Senate as a pilot project. After a successful evaluation by the BMBF, it secured permanent funding of about 18 Million Euros per year. Since its beginning, BIMSB is headed by Nikolaus Rajewsky. The Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU) included BIMSB in their (successful) application for the Excellence Initiative and provided the real estate on the new HU life science Campus in Berlin-Mitte. This neighbourhood is important for the BIMSB scientific mission and promotes collaborations between the HU, the Charité and the MDC. The BMBF provided additional money for the new building (33.5 million euros). Altogether, 21 group leaders have been recruited to BIMSB; currently 16 are there. In spring 2019 the labs moved from the Campus in Buch into the new building in Mitte. This building is designed to optimize communication between labs and the interaction between computation and experiments. On 26 February 2019 it was formally opened by the German Chancellor Angela Merkel who referred to BIMSB as a "beautiful gem" of the MDC.

Rajewsky's research focuses on understanding the role of RNA in gene regulation. He made fundamental contributions to understanding the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the mechanisms by which miRNAs exert function in animal cells. More recently, his lab published highly cited papers about circular RNAs (circRNAs). Very recently, the Rajewsky lab used single-cell methods to molecularly reconstruct animal tissues in space and time, including the lineage tree for an entire animal. His contributions were featured in the journal "Science" as part of the "Breakthrough of the year 2018"

Since 2017, Nikolaus Rajewsky chairs a pan-European consortium that is now called "LifeTime", co-chaired by Geneviève Almouzni from the Institute Curie. LifeTime's mission is to revolutionize healthcare by mapping, understanding, and targeting cells during disease progression. To accomplish this goal, LifeTime will integrate and apply single-cell multiomics, machine learning, and personalized disease models such as organoids. LifeTime is the shared vision of leading scientists from around 90 renowned organizations across Europe (17 Partners and 70 Associated Partners). LifeTime partners are supported by more than 70 companies across different sectors as well as other research institutions, national research funding agencies, research ministries, the EU Life Alliance and national science academies: the German Academy of Sciences (Leopoldina), the French Academy of Sciences, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Royal Society. The Science and Technology Advisory Board of LifeTime comprises internationally renowned scientists and industry leaders (including 3 Nobel laureates). In June 2020, under Rajewsky's coordination, LifeTime released the LifeTime Strategic Research Agenda which presents a detailed roadmap of how to leverage the latest scientific breakthroughs and technologies over the next decade, to track, understand and treat human cells throughout an individual's lifetime. In August 2020, the journal Nature published the Perspective article "LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine" where scientists explain how these technologies should be rapidly co-developed, transitioned into clinical settings and applied to the five major disease areas (cancer, neurological-,infectious-, chronic inflammatory- and cardiovascular diseases).

Awards and honors
 2008 Anniversary Price of the German Society for Biochemistry, awarded by FEBS
 2008 First prize from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gentherapie for the best paper
 2008 For several years: Global Distinguished Professor of Biology at New York University, USA
 2008 IUBMB - Medal for outstanding contributions
 2009 Berlin Science Award (presented by the Governing Mayor of Berlin)
 2010 Elected Member of European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
 2010 Elected Member of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
 2010 Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the MRC Institute "London Clinical Sciences"
 2011–2017 Member of the Advisory Board of the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
 2012 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize by the German Research Foundation (DFG, 2.5 Million Euros; this is Germany's most prestigious research award)
 2014 Honorary PhD in Human Biology and Medical Genetics by Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
 2016 Visiting Professor for research activities at Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (1 month)
 2017 Visiting Professor for research activities at Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (1 month)
 2019 Elected member of the Leopoldina (Academy of Sciences Germany)

Publications
 Google Scholar reports >50,000 citations for Nikolaus Rajewsky, with a h-index of 74 and an i10-index of 120.

References

External links

 Website of the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB)
 Photo gallery of the BIMSB building
 Website of the laboratory of Nikolaus Rajewsky
 Introduction to LifeTime, LifeTime Opening Conference, 5 May 2019
 LifeTime and improving European healthcare - Nature Perspectives
 Interview with Nikolaus Rajewsky, Helmholtz Perspektiven Magazine, May 2019: Jede einzelne Zelle im Blick (German)
 Interview with Nikolaus Rajewsky. Vivien Marx, 8 April 2019: The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology
 A mini-brain in Berlin to advance research. Welt, 26 February 2019: Ein Mini-Gehirn in Berlin soll die Forschung voranbringen (German)
 Angela Merkel opens new research center in Berlin-Mitte. Tagesspiegel, 26 February 2019: Angela Merkel eröffnet neues Forschungszentrum in Berlin-Mitte (German)
 Merkel opens new research laboratory in Berlin. Berliner Morgenpost, 25 February 2019: Merkel eröffnet in Berlin neues Forschungslabor (German)
 "We live in exciting times": Frankfurter Rundschau, 24 February 2019: "Wir leben in spannenden Zeiten" (German)
 2018 breakthrough of the year: Development cell by cell. With a trio of techniques, scientists are tracking embryo development in stunning detail. Science, 20 December 2018
 Grand BIMSB Opening Symposium: Tagesspiegel, 31 October 2018: Mäuse, Menschen und Modelle (German)
 Nikolaus Rajewsky on revolutionizing life sciences. Süddeutsche Zeitung, 18 February 2018: Newtons Erbe (German)
 Europe Looks to Cells for a Healthier Future. Laboratory Equipment, 18 January 2019
 Professor Nikolaus Rajewsky of the MDC Honored with Leibniz Prize. MDC Press Release, 1 March 2012.
 Focus on Nikolaus Rajewsky. EMBO, 15 November 2011.
 Professor Nikolaus Rajewsky from New York University appointed to the MDC and the Charité in Berlin - Successor of Professor Jens Reich, 1 March 2006.

Folkwang University of the Arts alumni
21st-century German scientists
Systems biologists
German biophysicists
New York University faculty
Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
Living people
Computational biologists
Physicians of the Charité
German bioinformaticians
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
1968 births
German expatriates in the United States
University of Cologne alumni
Scientists from Cologne
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina

Nikolaus Rajewsky