Carl Martin Gunnar Wallström Milkéwitz (born 7 July 1983) is a Swedish television and film actor. A successful actor in his home country, he is best known internationally for his 2015 American debut role as Tyrell Wellick in the USA Network cyber-thriller Mr. Robot.

Early life and education
Martin Wallström was born on July 7, 1983, in Uddevalla, Sweden. Wallström began his professional acting career as a teenager, and later decided to study acting; he enrolled in the University of Gothenburg's Academy of Music and Drama in 2004, and graduated in 2008.

Career
Since 1998, Wallström has worked almost entirely in Swedish television and film, as well as other Nordic and German productions. He began his career at age fifteen in the Swedish film Hela Härligheten.

In 2008, Wallström had a small role in the wide-release Swedish film Arn: The Kingdom at the End of the Road (Arn - Riket vid vägens slut). The following year, he made his debut in the Johan Falk film franchise in the film Johan Falk: GSI - Gruppen för särskilda insatser; he reprised this role in the following Johan Falk film Johan Falk - Vapenbröder which was released the same year.

In 2010, Wallström starred opposite Bill Skarsgård in the Swedish film Simple Simon. The film was recognized internationally and was shortlisted for that year's Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. In 2013, he starred in Easy Money III: Life Deluxe, the third installment of the very successful trilogy starring Joel Kinnaman. He also starred in the Swedish romantic comedy Ego that year.

In October 2014, it was announced that Wallström had joined the main cast of the US television thriller Mr. Robot; this was his US television debut and his most prominent international role to date. Wallström was cast as Tyrell Wellick, an ambitious Swedish technology executive for E Corp that works with the main character Elliot, played by Rami Malek. Wallström won the role of Wellick by submitting three self-tapes to the show. The first episode of the series premiered on June 24, 2015. Although credited as a main cast member for all four seasons of the show, he does not appear on-screen in about one-third of its episodes.

Outside of Mr. Robot, Wallström's other English-language roles include as Martin in the 2014 Swedish film Remake (in both Swedish and English), Tomas in the 2015 internationally co-produced English-language television drama 100 Code, a 2017 voice-acting role in an episode of the Comedy Central show Jeff & Some Aliens, and in supporting roles in the World War II drama Ashes in the Snow and independent science-fiction film Parallel, both released in 2018.

Additionally, Wallström has narrated many audiobooks in Swedish. As of the end of 2019, he has narrated thirty-two books.

Personal life
Wallström was married to Swedish actress Lisa Linnertorp. The two have a son named Arvid and a daughter named Lilla, born in 2013 and 2019.  He currently lives and works primarily in Stockholm, Sweden.

Wallström speaks Swedish and English.

Filmography

Television

Music videos

References

External links

1983 births
People from Uddevalla Municipality
Living people
Swedish male film actors
Swedish male television actors
Gothenburg

Martin Wallström


Miguel Ángel Lozano Ayala (born 16 September 1978), known as Miguel Ángel, is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

Over eight seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 206 matches and eight goals, mainly representing Málaga (five years, two spells). He appeared in the Champions League with Betis.

Club career
Born in Sabadell, Barcelona, Catalonia, Miguel Ángel began his career at hometown's CE Sabadell FC, where he played during the 1995–96 season in the Segunda División B. He moved to neighbours FC Barcelona in 1996, spending some time with its C and B teams.

In summer 1999, Miguel Ángel signed for Levante UD, where he spent two years in the Segunda División. In the 2001–02 campaign he joined Málaga CF, being a key element in midfield during his five-year stay, scoring seven La Liga goals and helping the side to the 2002 UEFA Intertoto Cup.

For 2005–06, Miguel Ángel was transferred to Andalusia neighbours Real Betis in a deal worth €2 million, signing a five-year contract with the club. Early into his first season, he suffered ligament damage to his right knee in a UEFA Champions League group stage match against Chelsea at Stamford Bridge, a 4–0 loss.

Miguel Ángel returned to Levante in July 2007 on a one-year loan, being released at the end of the campaign and subsequently rejoining Málaga. After being relatively used in the first season in his second spell, he was loaned to Gimnàstic de Tarragona in division two.

On 13 July 2010, Miguél Ángel was released by Málaga. Two weeks later, at nearly 32, he signed a one-year contract with SD Ponferradina, recently returned to the second tier; in the following transfer window, however, he was released.

Miguel Ángel then spent three years in the lower leagues, with CF Badalona, CD Castellón and Terrassa FC. He moved abroad for the first time on 28 May 2015, becoming player-manager of FC Ordino in Andorra's Primera Divisió.

Honours
Málaga
UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2002

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Sabadell
Men's association football midfielders
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
CE Sabadell FC B players
CE Sabadell FC footballers
FC Barcelona C players
FC Barcelona Atlètic players
Levante UD footballers
Málaga CF players
Real Betis players
Gimnàstic de Tarragona footballers
SD Ponferradina players
CF Badalona players
CD Castellón footballers
Terrassa FC footballers
Catalonia men's international footballers
Spanish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Andorra
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Andorra
Spanish football managers
Spanish expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Andorra

Miguel Ángel (footballer, born 1978)


La Chaîne Info (LCI; English: "The News Channel") is a French free-to-air news channel. It is part of TF1 Group.

History
LCI was launched on 24 June 1994 by Christian Dutoit on behalf of the media group TF1 as a pay television channel. Its launch was also simulcast on TF1.

The broadcast began at 8:30 pm with the live TV news programme presented by Françoise-Marie Morel. The first guest was the CEO of the channel, Étienne Mougeotte.

The channel was also broadcast in Italy alongside TF1 on digital terrestrial television from 2004 to December 2006 on Dfree multiplex.

In 2006, the channel's website appeared twice in the James Bond film Casino Royale, a product placement that the channel says it did not pay for..

On 5 April 2016, the channel became free-to-air and began broadcasting on channel 26 via digital terrestrial television in France.

Since October 2022, LCI, as well as the free DTT channels of the TF1 group, have been accessible free to air, via the Astra 1 satellite. This broadcast follows a temporary interruption in encrypted broadcasting to Canal+ and TNTSAT subscribers. , following a commercial dispute. However, despite the resumption of encrypted broadcasts within the Canal+ and TNTSAT bouquets, this free-to-air broadcasting continues. LCI is therefore received free of charge in almost all of Continental Europe.

Programs

Current programs
 LCI Matin, weekday morning news program presented by François-Xavier Ménage and Amandine Bégot (anchors the news), also Audrey Crespo-Mara anchors a political interview and La Vie des Idées.
 La Médiasphère, a technology program, hosted by Christophe Moulin.
 LCI et vous, late-morning news program, hosted by Bénédicte Le Chatelier.
 LCI Midi, midday news program, hosted by Philippe Ballard and Marie-Aline Méliyi.
 Le 15/18, afternoon drive news program by Magali Lunel.
 24 heures en questions, roundup, hosted by Yves Calvi + Magali Lunel (weekdays) and Bénédicte Le Chatelier (Saturday).
 Le grand soir, late news program hosted by Julien Arnaud and Rebecca Fitoussi, replaced LCI Soir.
 LCI Matin Week-end, weekend morning news program hosted by Sébastien Borgnat and Sylvia Amicone.
 LCI Journée Week-end, weekend block programming from 10am to 6pm by Julien Dommel.
 LCI Soir Week-end, weekend block programming from 6pm to midnight by Damien Givelet and Julie Hammett.
 Le Grand Jury, a political/economic interview program hosted by Olivier Mazerolle, Alexis Brezet et Christophe Jakubyszyn.
 Le grand journal de 12h - weekend newscasts at noon.

Current magazines
 Tout un monde
 Au cœur de la course
 Le Live Présidentiel
 24 heures, la semaine en questions
 Au cœur de nos différences
 Au cœur des régions
 Politiquement Show

Former programs
 Le grand journal de 12h30
 Le grand journal de 18h
 Le grand journal de 18h30
 Le 14/17
 Le 14/16
 Le 17/20
 Le 17/19
 Le 12/14
 Le 18/20
 Questions d'actu
 Le journal du monde
 Le Club LCI
 LCA, La Culture Aussi

Slogans
 1994-2012: "L'information continue sur LCI" (Continuous news on LCI)
 2012-2015: "Mieux que savoir, comprendre" (Better than knowing, understanding)
 2016-Now: "Vous êtes au cœur de l'info" (You are at the heart of the news)

References

External links
Official website

Television channels and stations established in 1994
1994 establishments in France
French-language television stations
Television stations in France
24-hour television news channels in France
Liberal media in France

La Chaîne Info


Andrew Freedman (September 1, 1860 – December 4, 1915) was an American businessman who is primarily remembered as the owner of the New York Giants professional baseball team of the National League from 1895 to 1902. He also briefly owned the Baltimore Orioles of the American League in 1902; the franchise would later relocate, and became the New York Yankees. Freedman was also a director of various companies, including the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and the Wright Company. He was born and died in New York City.

Biography
Andrew Freedman was born in New York City on September 1, 1860; his family were middle-class German-Jewish immigrants. He attended Grammar School No. 35, a public school in Lower Manhattan, and City College of New York.

Baseball
In 1895, Freedman became the principal owner of the New York Giants of the National League (NL), purchasing a controlling interest in the club from Cornelius C. Van Cott for approximately $53,000 ($ in current dollar terms). During his ownership of the team, Freedman drew the ire of many of his players for various fines and abuses. In one incident, star pitcher Amos Rusie sat out the entire 1896 season during a feud with Freedman. NL presidential candidate Al Spalding called Freedman an "impossibility in baseball", demanding that Freedman retire from the game. Freedman refused.

With the financial backing of John T. Brush, principal owner of the Cincinnati Reds, Freedman purchased controlling interest in the Baltimore Orioles of the rival American League (AL) on July 17, 1902. The Orioles were in significant debt, reportedly owing $12,000 ($ in current dollar terms). As a result, part-owner and team president John Mahon purchased shares in the team from players John McGraw, Joe Kelley, and Wilbert Robinson, becoming principal shareholder of the Orioles. Mahon, with the controlling interest in the Orioles, comprising 201 of the team's 400 total shares, sold his shares to Freedman. Upon taking control of the franchise, Freedman released the Orioles' best players from their contracts so that they could be signed by NL teams: Kelley and Cy Seymour signed with the Reds, while Joe McGinnity, John McGraw, Roger Bresnahan, Dan McGann, and Jack Cronin signed with the Giants. American League president Ban Johnson, along with minority owners of the Orioles, took control of the Orioles franchise, which had to forfeit their game that day as they did not have enough players. The Orioles relocated to New York City in 1903 and were renamed the  Highlanders; since 1913, the franchise has been the New York Yankees.

At the end of September 1902, Freedman sold the Giants to Brush.

Other interests
Freedman took over the Manhattan Athletic Club, which fell into receivership in 1893, as its receiver.

He was a director of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT). He first became involved in IRT when John B. McDonald sought to include Freedman. Freedman reported that he invested $1.7 million ($ in current dollar terms) in the company in 1901 and 1902. He also served on the board of directors of the Wright Company, established in 1909 to market the Wright brothers' airplanes in the United States.

Freedman owned an ice yacht, named "Haze", which won a pennant race in North Shrewsbury, New Jersey.

Death and estate

Freedman died in New York City on December 4, 1915, following a nervous breakdown. He was unmarried. His estate was worth over $4 million ($ in current dollar terms). Samuel Untermyer served as executor of the estate.

In his will, Freedman bequeathed money to build the Andrew Freedman Home at 1125 Grand Concourse in The Bronx. The home was intended to serve as a retirement home. Plans were filed in 1922 to build the home as a  four-story brick building, with the cost of construction estimated at $500,000 ($ in current dollar terms). The building cost approximately $1 million ($ in current dollar terms) and opened in 1924. The Andrew Freedman Home was named a New York City Designated Landmark in 1992.

References

External links

San Francisco Giants owners

1860 births
1915 deaths
Businesspeople from New York City
Major League Baseball executives
New York Giants (NL) owners
New York Yankees owners
American Jews
City College of New York alumni
19th-century American businesspeople

Andrew Freedman


Sasquatch Mountain Resort is a small ski resort located in the Douglas Ranges near Chehalis, British Columbia, Canada, between the towns of Mission and Agassiz.

Previously known as Hemlock Valley Resort, the resort closed due to bankruptcy receivership in 2005. In 2006, the resort was purchased by Berezan Hospitality Group and reopened in December 2006. Shortly thereafter, the resort started negotiations with local First Nations and the province of BC for a substantial expansion that would see the resort become the largest resort facility in the Lower Mainland of BC.

The resort proposal includes ski area expansion to 18 lift-serviced areas, 2 golf courses, a marina on Harrison Lake, and associated residential and commercial development. The plan was in the final stages of approval, and a formal agreement was expected to be announced in 2014. The resort did not open in the 2014/2015 season, due to a lack of snow.

The average annual snowfall at Hemlock Valley is 30–35 ft. The vertical drop is  from a summit elevation of  to a base elevation of . The area comprises  and has 34 runs, the longest of which is . The area has four lifts: one quad chair, one triple chair, one double chair, and a beginner magic carpet. It also features night skiing and 13 kilometres of cross-country skiing trails, as well as an 8-lane tubing and tobogganing area with a magic carpet.

History
Hemlock Valley was first opened for skiing on December 21, 1969, by a company
known then as Hemlock Valley Recreation (HVR).
The facilities were initially very basic, with just a single rope-tow lift
and an older school bus fitted with a wood-burning stove to serve as the ski lodge.
Some 30-40 families visited the ski hill that first season.

Over the 1970s, a lodge was built and three chair lifts were added, with the third lift
completed in 1978. A resort community of 225 lots was developed.

Due to the recession of the early 1980s, the resort encountered financial difficulties, and ownership was transferred to the provincial government via the British Columbia Development Corporation.
A new company then acquired the ski hill, operating under the name Hemlock Valley
Resorts Inc. (HVRI).

In 2004-2005 there was not enough snow for the resort to open.

The resort remained closed for the 2005–2006 season due to being in receivership.

In fall 2006, the resort was purchased by Berezan Group, a company based in Langley, BC.
Hemlock Valley reopened for the 2006–2007 season as Hemlock Resort.

The 2013–2014 season opened late, on January 16, because of a lack of snow.

The 2014-2015 ski season was cancelled entirely due to a lack of snow.

In 2015, the BC government authorized Hemlock Resort's $1.5 billion all-season expansion.

References

External links
Sasquatch Mountain Resort

Ski areas and resorts in British Columbia
Lower Mainland
Populated places in the Fraser Valley Regional District
Pacific Ranges

Sasquatch Mountain Resort


Charles Eliot (November 1, 1859 – March 25, 1897) was an American landscape architect. Known for pioneering principles of regional planning, naturalistic systems approach to landscape architecture, and laying the groundwork for conservancies across the world. Instrumental in the formation of The Trustees of Reservations, the world's first land trust, playing a central role in shaping the Boston Metropolitan Park System, designing a number of public and private landscapes, and wrote prolifically on a variety of topics.

History
Eliot was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1859 to Charles W. Eliot and Ellen Derby Peabody. Charles had one brother, Samuel A. Eliot, who was a minister. His father became President of Harvard University in 1869, the same year his mother died.  He was part of the prominent Eliot family originating from Boston.

In 1878 he was admitted to Harvard College.

In 1880 Charles organized a group of college classmates who would sail to Mount Desert Island, Maine, to spend the summer. The group was named the Champlain Society, Charles Eliot being the Director. While there, studying botany, geology, meteorology, marine life, ornithology, and entomology. Charles would write his parents later that fall recommending to look between Somes's Sound and Seal Harbor if they wanted to build a house on Mount Desert Island: "Somewhere along that coast you will find a suitable spot, with beautiful views of the ocean, and hills, deep water anchorage, fine rocks and beach, and no flats." A year later his father would purchase 120 acres and build what is considered to be the first summer cottage in Northeast Harbor.

On graduation from Harvard in 1882, Eliot pursued horticultural courses at the Bussey Institute at Harvard to prepare himself for the profession of landscape architecture.

In 1883 Eliot became an apprentice for Frederick Law Olmsted and Company, the architect of Central Park. He worked on designs for Cushing Island, Maine (1883), Franklin Park (1884), the Arnold Arboretum (1885), and the Fens (1883) in Boston, and Belle Isle Park (1884) in Detroit. In 1885, on Olmsted's advice, Eliot traveled to Europe to observe natural scenery as well as the landscape designs of Capability Brown, Humphry Repton, Joseph Paxton, and Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau. Eliot's travel diaries provide one of the best visual assessments of European landscapes in the late 19th century.

Returning to Boston in 1886, Eliot opened his own office. His commissions included White Park (1888) in Concord, New Hampshire, Youngstown Gorge (1891), now called Mill Creek Park, in Youngstown, Ohio, and Salt Lake City's plan for a new town (1890).

In 1888 Charles married Mary Yale Pitkin from Philadelphia; this marriage produced four daughters: Ruth, Grace, Ellen, and Carola. She was a member of the Yale family of Yale University.
Mary's father was Horace Wells Pitkin, a successful businessman in Tennessee, Louisville and Philadelphia; his sister Emily would marry the artist Seth Cheney; and her mother was Lucy Tracy Yale, Lucy's sister would marry a Mr. Beadle. Mary Yale Pitkins' brother was Yale missionary Horace Tracy Pitkin; her grandnephew was NY Senator Mortimer Yale Ferris. Her grandfather was Reverend Cyrus Yale who graduated from Williams College in 1811 and was a minister for 40 years at the Town Hill Church in New Hartford Connecticut. The Yale, Pitkin, and Beadle Families would spend their summers at their farm called "Eaglesnest" on Town Hill Road in New Hartford Connecticut.

On March 5, 1890, Eliot published an article entitled "Waverly Oaks" to defend a stand of virgin trees in Belmont, Massachusetts, in the process making a plea for preservation of the oaks and outlining a strategy for conserving other areas of scenic beauty in the same way that the Boston Public Library held books and the Museum of Fine Arts pictures. This article resulted in a conference held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1890 on preservation of scenic beauty, and led to the enactment of Massachusetts legislation creating The Trustees of Reservations in 1891 — the world's first organization created to "acquire, hold, protect and administer, for the benefit of the public, beautiful and historical places." Within four years, Britain's National Trust was created along these lines.

After the death of their partner Henry Sargent Codman, Olmsted's son Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. and stepson John Charles Olmsted asked Eliot to become a full partner in their firm. In March 1893, the firm's name was changed to Olmsted, Olmsted and Eliot. Within a few months, Eliot assumed the leadership role as the elder Olmsted's health continued to fail. Private commissions included the Cairnwood Estate, Biltmore Estate of the Vanderbilts, and Lady Meredith House in the Golden Square Mile, Montreal.

In 1895, the Massachusetts legislature ordered the taking of nearly three miles of private seacoast land on what is now Revere Beach Reservation. The Metropolitan Park Commission was entrusted with the land in 1896. Eliot was chosen by the Park Commission to design Revere Beach Reservation for the best use by the public. Eliot stated in November 1896, "We must not conceal from visitors the long sweep of the open beach which is the finest thing about the reservation." Revere Beach would become "the first to be set aside and governed by a public body for the enjoyment of the common people."

Over the next year, some 300 structures were cleared from on and around the beach, the train tracks were moved approximately 400 yards away from the water, a boulevard was put in place to separate buildings and houses from the sand, and a bandstand and pavilions were constructed. An estimated 45,000 people showed up on opening day to enjoy the first public beach in the United States. Fittingly, the small rotary at the start of the beach's southern end is named "Eliot Circle."

Eliot died March 25, 1897, at age 37 from spinal meningitis.

Legacy
Eliot's work has left a lasting mark on greater Boston. He published conceptual plans for the esplanades along the Charles River in Boston proposed earlier by Charles Davenport and others, and as the consulting landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park Commission, he supervised the acquisition of much of the riverfront in Boston, Watertown, and Newton. He also directed the landscape work on the Cambridge esplanade for the city's park commission. The esplanade in Boston was later realized following designs by Guy Lowell (1910) and Arthur Shurcliff (1936). In 1883, he designed Longfellow Park between the Cambridge home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and the Charles River. Up until his death he was the partner in charge of the firm's work at Fresh Pond in Cambridge.

In addition to his practice, Eliot became a regular contributor of professional articles to Garden and Forest Magazine.

After Eliot's death, Olmsted's son and stepson reconstituted their partnership as the Olmsted Brothers, which continued for a half-century as one of the best-known landscape design firms in the United States, and went on to design thousands of parks, gardens, and landscapes in the 20th century.

Eliot's writings have been characterized as the inspiration behind the establishment of Acadia National Park on Mount Desert Island in Maine.

Monuments and memorials
Charles Eliot Memorial - Charles River Esplanade - Boston MA
Eliot Memorial Bridge - Great Blue Hill - Milton MA
Eliot Bridge - Cambridge MA

See also
 Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston

References

Further reading

American landscape architects
Eliot family (America)
Architects from Massachusetts
1859 births
People from Brookline, Massachusetts
Harvard College alumni
1897 deaths
Neurological disease deaths in Massachusetts
Infectious disease deaths in Massachusetts
Deaths from meningitis
Arnold Arboretum

Charles Eliot (landscape architect)


Elizabeth Kwatsoe Tawiah Sackey (born 6 May 1958) is a Ghanaian politician and a former Member of Parliament for Okaikwei North. She was a member of the Sixth Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana representing the Okaikwei North Constituency in the Greater Accra Region on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party.

She was nominated as the mayor of Accra. She was later confirmed as the mayor of Accra and she became the first female to hold that position.

Early life and education
Sackey was born in Asere in Accra, Ghana, on 6 May 1958. Sackey is a banker and an economist. She has a Certificate in Marketing which she obtained in 2003 and is currently pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Administration degree from the University of Ghana.

Politics
Sackey is a member of the New Patriotic Party (NPP). She was first elected into the parliament to represent Okaikwei North Constituency in January 2005. She represented in the office again in the 5th parliament of Ghana following her re-election in December 2008 in the 2008 General Elections. In 2012, she contested for her third term in office on the ticket of the NPP into the sixth parliament of the fourth republic and won.

Career
Prior to becoming a Member of Parliament, Sackey worked as a Chief Clerk at Ghana Commercial Bank. She then became an Member of Parliament. She was the deputy minister for the Greater Accra region from 2017 to 2020. In September 2021, she was nominated by Nana Akufo-Addo as the Chief Executive of AMA. She is currently the mayor of Accra.

Personal life
Sackey is married with four children. She is a Christian who worships at the Church of Pentecost.

References

1958 births
Living people
New Patriotic Party politicians
University of Ghana alumni
Ghanaian MPs 2013–2017
Women members of the Parliament of Ghana
Mayors of Accra
21st-century Ghanaian women politicians
21st-century Ghanaian women

Elizabeth K. T. Sackey


Conservative liberalism, also referred to as right-liberalism, is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or simply representing the right-wing of the liberal movement. In the case of modern conservative liberalism, scholars sometimes see it as a more positive and less radical variant of classical liberalism; it is also referred to as an individual tradition that distinguishes it from classical liberalism and social liberalism. Conservative liberal parties tend to combine economically liberal policies with more traditional stances and personal beliefs on social and ethical issues. Ordoliberalism is a influential component of conservative-liberal thought, particularly in its German, British, French, Italian, and American manifestations.

In general, liberal conservatism and conservative liberalism have different philosophical roots. Historically, liberal conservatism refers mainly to the case where conservatives embrace the elements of classical liberalism, and conservative liberalism refers to classical liberals who support a laissez-faire economy as well as socially conservative principles (for instance, Christian family values). Since classical liberal institutions were gradually accepted by conservatives, there is very little to distinguish liberal conservatives from conservative liberals. Neoconservatism has also been identified as an ideological relative or twin to conservative liberalism, and some similarities exist also between conservative liberalism and national liberalism.

Overview

Conservative liberalism emerged in late 18th-century France and United Kingdom, when the moderate bourgeoisie supported the monarchy within the liberal camp. Representatively, Doctrinaires, which existed during the Bourbon Restoration was a representative conservative-liberal party. Radicalism, the leftward flank of liberalism during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that is referred to as classical radicalism, emerged as an opposition against the moderateness of these conservative liberals. Whiggism, or Whig liberalism, in the United Kingdom also forms early conservative liberalism and is distinguished from the Radicals (radical liberalism).

According to Robert Kraynak, a professor at Colgate University, rather than "following progressive liberalism (i.e. social liberalism), conservative liberals draw upon pre-modern sources, such as classical philosophy (with its ideas of virtue, the common good, and natural rights), Christianity (with its ideas of natural law, the social nature of man, and original sin), and ancient institutions (such as common law, corporate bodies, and social hierarchies). This gives their liberalism a conservative foundation. It means following Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, and Edmund Burke rather than Locke or Kant; it usually includes a deep sympathy for the politics of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and Christian monarchies. But, as realists, conservative liberals acknowledge that classical and medieval politics cannot be restored in the modern world. And, as moralists, they see that the modern experiment in liberty and self-government has the positive effect of enhancing human dignity as well as providing an opening (even in the midst of mass culture) for transcendent longings for eternity. At its practical best, conservative liberalism promotes ordered liberty under God and establishes constitutional safeguards against tyranny. It shows that a regime of liberty based on traditional morality and classical-Christian culture is an achievement we can be proud of, rather than merely defensive about, as trustees of Western civilization."

In the European context, conservative liberalism should not be confused with liberal conservatism, which is a variant of conservatism combining conservative views with liberal policies in regards to the economy, social and ethical issues. The roots of conservative liberalism are to be found at the beginning of the history of liberalism. Until the two world wars, the political class in most European countries from Germany to Italy was formed by conservative liberals. The events such as World War I occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative (i.e. more moderate) type of liberalism. Conservative liberal parties have tended to develop in those European countries where there was no strong secular conservative party and where the separation of church and state was less of an issue. In those countries, where the conservative parties were Christian democratic, this conservative brand of liberalism developed.

Political stance

Conservative liberalism is generally a liberal ideology that contrasts with social liberalism. Conservative liberalism, along with social liberalism and classical liberalism, is mentioned as the main liberal ideology of European politics. While there are conservative liberals who are located on the right-wing political position, liberal conservatism is often used to describe liberalism close to the political centre to the centre-right of the political spectrum.

Social, classical and conservative liberalism
Social liberalism is a combination of economic Keynesianism and cultural liberalism. Classical liberalism is economic liberalism that partially embraces cultural liberalism. Conservative liberalism is an ideology that highlights the conservative aspect of liberalism, so it can appear in a somewhat different form depending on the local reality. Conservative liberalism refers to ideologies that show relatively conservative tendencies within the liberal camp, so it has some relative meaning. In the United States, conservative liberals mean de facto classical liberals; in Europe, Christian democrats and ordoliberals can also be included. Christian democracy is a mainstream European conservative ideology, so there are cases where it supports free markets, such as Röpke.

By country

France
Alexis de Tocqueville and Adolphe Thiers were representative French conservative liberals. They were classified as centre-left liberals (progressive-Orléanists) during the July monarchy alone; after the French Revolution of 1848, the now French Second Republic entered and they were relegated to conservative liberals.

Germany
Prior to World War II, conservative liberalism or right-liberalism () was often used in a similar sense to national-liberalism (). National Liberal Party during the German Empire and German People's Party during the Weimar Republic are representative. "Right-liberalism" and "national liberalism" are used in similar meanings in Germany. According to the German Wikipedia, most of the national liberals during the Weimar Republic joined the CDU, a liberal-conservative party. For this reason, the terms "conservative liberalism" are not often used in Germany.

Ordoliberalism is more a variant of conservative liberalism than classical liberalism, which is economic liberalism that embraces cultural liberalism, or social liberalism, in principle because it is influenced by the notion of social justice based on traditional Catholic teachings. After the war, Germany pursued economic growth based on the social market economy, which is deeply related to ordoliberalism.

United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, David Hume, Adam Smith, and Edmund Burke have been identified as conservative liberals.

United States
In the United States, liberal usually refers to a social liberal form. As such, those referred to as conservative liberals in Europe are often simply referred to as conservatives in the United States. Milton Friedman and Irving Kristol are mentioned as representative conservative liberal scholars.

Harry S. Truman is considered a conservative-liberal or national-liberal, although he supported Keynesian economic policies. The former president Franklin D. Roosevelt supported the socially liberal agenda and was conciliatory to the Soviet Union, a member of the Allies of World War II. As the U.S. president in the aftermath of World War II and the start of the Cold War, Truman supported a more moderate social policy and was a strong anti-communist.

Political scientists evaluate all politicians in the United States as liberals in the academic sense. In general, rather than the Democratic Party, which is close to social liberalism, the Republican Party is evaluated as a conservative-liberal party. In the case of the Democratic Party, the Blue Dog Coalition is evaluated as close to conservative-liberal in fiscal policy, and as moderate to liberal on cultural issues. Unlike classical liberals, conservative liberals in Europe, such as Finland's Centre Party, sometimes criticize cultural liberalism.

American neoconservatives might be classified as conservative liberals according to Peter Lawler, a professor at Berry College, who argued:

[I]n America today, responsible liberals—who are usually called neoconservatives—see that liberalism depends on human beings who are somewhat child-centered, patriotic, and religious. These responsible liberals praise these non-individualistic human propensities in an effort to shore up liberalism. One of their slogans is "conservative sociology with liberal politics." The neoconservatives recognize that the politics of free and rational individuals depends upon a pre-political social world that is far from free and rational as a whole.

Notable thinkers

 David Hume (1711–1776)
 Adam Smith (1723–1790)
 Edmund Burke (1729–1797)
 Marquis de Lafayette (1757–1834)
 Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877)
 Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859)
 William Ewart Gladstone (1809–1898)
 Camillo Benso (1810–1861)
 Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947)
 Winston Churchill (1874–1965)
 Gustav Stresemann (1878–1929)
 Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950)
 Harry S. Truman (1884–1972)
 Walter Eucken (1891–1950)
 Robert Menzies (1894–1978)
 Ludwig Erhard (1897–1977)
 Wilhelm Ropke (1899–1966)
 Friedrich Hayek (1899–1992)
 Michael Oakeshott (1901–1990)
 Ayn Rand (1905–1982)
 Raymond Aron (1905–1983)
 Milton Friedman (1912–2006)
 Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn (1919–1999)
 Irving Kristol (1920–2009)
 Helmut Schoeck (1922-1993)
 Francis Fukuyama (born 1952)

List of conservative-liberal parties or parties with conservative-liberal factions

Current parties

 Argentina: Union of the Democratic Centre, Christian Democratic Party
 Australia: Liberal Party of Australia
 Belgium:  Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats, Reformist Movement, New Flemish Alliance, Libertarian, Direct, Democratic, People's Party
 Brazil: Progressive Party, Social Democratic Party (factions), Liberal Party, New Party
 Bulgaria: National Movement for Stability and Progress
 Canada: British Columbia Liberal Party, Coalition Avenir Québec, Saskatchewan Party
 Chile: Evópoli
 Croatia: Croatian Social Liberal Party
 Czech Republic: Mayors and Independents, TOP 09, Civic Democratic Party, ANO 2011
 Denmark: Venstre–Liberal Party of Denmark
 Estonia: Estonian Reform Party
 El Salvador: Nuevas Ideas, GANA
 Faroe Islands: Union Party, People's Party
 Finland: National Coalition Party, Centre Party
 France: The Republicans, Horizons
 Germany: Free Democratic Party
 Ghana: New Patriotic Party
 Greece: New Democracy
 Greenland: Feeling of Community
 Iceland: Independence Party
 Ireland: Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael
 Israel: Likud, Telem, New Hope
 Italy: Forza Italia
 Japan: Liberal Democratic Party
 Latvia: Unity
 Lithuania: Liberal Movement, Freedom and Justice
 Luxembourg: Democratic Party
 Moldova: Liberal Party, Liberal Reformist Party
 Netherlands: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, JA21
 New Zealand: New Zealand National Party
 Norway: Progress Party
 Philippines: Liberal Party (factions), Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino
 Poland: Civic Platform
 Portugal: Social Democratic Party
 Romania: National Liberal Party
 Russia: People's Freedom Party, Democratic Choice
Serbia: People's party
 Slovakia: Freedom and Solidarity, For the People
 Slovenia: Slovenian Democratic Party
 South Africa: Democratic Alliance
 South Korea: Minsaeng Party, Democratic Party of Korea (factions)
 Spain: People's Party, Catalan European Democratic Party, Basque Nationalist Party
 Switzerland: FDP.The Liberals
 Sweden: Liberals
 Thailand: Democrat Party
 Turkey: Good Party
 Ukraine: Civil Position
 United Kingdom: Conservative Party
 United States: Republican Party

Historical parties

 Austria: Constitutional Party, Federation of Independents, Freedom Party of Austria
 Belarus: Belarusian Peasant Party
 Brazil: National Democratic Union
 Canada: Liberal-Conservative Party
 Chile: National Party
 Czech Republic: Civic Democratic Alliance, Public Affairs
 El Salvador:  National Coalition Party
 France: Feuillant, Thermidorians,  Doctrinaires, Resistance Party, Union for the New Republic/Union of Democrats for the Republic/Rally for the Republic, Independent Republicans/Republican Party/Liberal Democracy, Union for French Democracy Republican Party, Union for a Popular Movement, Agir
 Germany: German People's Party
 Iceland: Liberal Party (1927), Liberal Party (1998)
 Ireland: Fianna Fail, Progressive Democrats
 Israel: General Zionists, Liberal Party
 Italy: Italian Liberal Party, Italian Liberal Right, Forza Italia, Civic Choice
 Japan: New Party Sakigake
 Latvia: Latvian Way, Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way
 Lithuania: National Resurrection Party, Liberal and Centre Union
 Mexico: Liberal Party
 Netherlands: Liberal State Party, Party of Freedom
 New Zealand: United Party
 Norway: Frisinnede Venstre
 Poland: Liberty, League of the Right of the Republic, Liberal Democratic Congress, Poland Together
 Romania: Democratic Liberal Party, Liberal Reformist Party
 Russia: Democratic Choice of Russia
 Serbia: Serbian Progressive Party
 Slovakia: Democratic Party
 South Korea: Korea Democratic Party, Democratic Nationalist Party, Democratic Party (1955), New Democratic Party, Reunification Democratic Party, Democratic Party (1990), United Democratic Party (1995), National Congress for New Politics, Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000), People Party (2016), Party for Democracy and Peace, New Alternatives
 Spain: Liberal Party, Democratic Convergence of Catalonia
 Switzerland: Free Democratic Party, Liberal Party
 Turkey: Motherland Party
 United Kingdom: Whigs, Liberal Unionist Party, National Liberal Party
 United States: Whig Party

See also

 Libertarian conservatism
 Muscular liberalism

Notes

References

Bibliography

Liberalism
Centre-right ideologies
Right-wing ideologies
Political culture
Political ideologies
Political science terminology

Conservative liberalism


The Stranger King theory offers a framework to understand global colonialism. It seeks to explain the apparent ease whereby many indigenous peoples subjugated themselves to an alien colonial power and places state formation by colonial powers within the continuum of earlier, similar but indigenous processes.

It highlights the imposition of colonialism not as the result of the breaking of the spirit of local communities by brute force, or as reflecting an ignorant peasantry's acquiescence in the lies of its self-interested leaders, but as a people's rational and productive acceptance of an opportunity offered.

The theory was developed by Marshall Sahlins in the Pacific region and is described by David Henley using the North Sulawesi region in Indonesia as his prime case study. The Stranger King theory suggests similarities and divergences between pre-colonial and colonial processes of state-formation enabling to build with insight on the historiography of the colonial transition in the Asia-Pacific part of the world.

Theory
The Stranger King theory argues that many indigenous people accepted the imposition of foreign colonial influence, i.e. the Stranger King, as a means of conflict resolution. In doing so, the Stranger King theory challenges binary oppositions of 'tradition versus modernity' and 'nationalism versus imperialism' paradigms and it places state formation by colonial powers within the continuum of earlier, similar but indigenous processes. The theory particularly builds on the English seventeenth-century political philosopher Thomas Hobbes' depiction of traditional indigenous societies existing in a state of 'Warre', envy, and conflict.

The theory was developed by the anthropologist Marshall Sahlins in his analysis of Pacific communities, such as Fiji. He argued that indigenous societies in a state of 'Warre' would tend to welcome the arrival of an impartial and strong Stranger King capable of resolving conflict, since his position outside and above the community would give him a unique authority. Consistent with this theory, scholars such as Jim Fox and Leonard Andaya have emphasized parallels between (east) Indonesia and the Pacific world, while David Henley has applied the Stranger King concept on North Sulawesi.

The Stranger King in Sulawesi
The Dutch East India Company and before them the Spanish provided a Stranger King solution to the central political dilemma of northern Sulawesi's fractious and litigious indigenous communities. Old Dutch narratives often depict indigenous (e.g., Minahasa) stakeholders as grateful for intervention when their own political institutions were incapable of providing the security and stability necessary for the pursuit of prosperity. While these historic accounts validate the Stranger King concept, they are obviously controversial due to their source and have always been easily dismissed as colonial propaganda. Henley's study, however, provides proof (Chapter XI, 'Patterns and Parallels') that it is not just European sources that suggest recurring uncertainty and conflict within indigenous societies and the indigenous societies' strategy to embosom a Stranger King to break the status quo. Henley in fact presents abundant indigenous (e.g., Bugis and Makasarese) chronicles and accounts collected by anthropologists that explain, and legitimize, the process of pre-colonial and later colonial state formation in similar terms, and not just in the Minahassa or Southeast Asia, but worldwide.

The Stranger King theory argues against the theory that the centuries-long colonisation process was a non-stop process of indigenous resistance against aggressive military occupation. Notwithstanding the fact that the Stranger King's merchants, military, civil servants and missionaries had their own motives and agenda, the colonists achieved authority not just on the basis of military power, but also through political alliances, diplomatic collaboration and by providing a relatively impartial mechanism for arbitration. Colonial courts, rather than solely being instruments of oppression, also provided indigenous people with an access to justice, less subject to local bribery and patronage.

Without minimizing the arrogance or self-interest of colonial stakeholders, Henley states:

"We will not understand the nature of those societies better if, whether out of embarrassment, disbelief, or lack of interest, we choose to ignore either the ease with which they were often brought under colonial control, or the evidence that 'Stranger-Kings' were perceived as fulfilling useful functions among them."  David Henley in Jealousy and Justice (p. 89)

The Stranger King in Sri Lanka
In her thesis Schiller accepts the Stranger King concept as a political means to channel factions in Southeast Asian political entities in early modern times and applies it to the political situation in the Kingdom of Kandy in the eighteenth century. She argues the outsider status was essential for a Kandyan king to maintain the balance of power in the small Kingdom, and sheds a light on the political process that led to the transfer of power over the Kingdom to the British in 1815. Moreover, she argues that the Stranger King strategy applies to both European and Asian foreign entities.

Within three years the nobles had come to realize that they had lost too much power under the British regime, and they intended once more to install a South Indian Stranger King named Dore Swami. Their 1818 rebellion, however, was crushed by the British and led to even tighter control over the Kandyan provinces and a sharp curtailment of the Kandyan nobles' autonomy.

Academic usage
The Stranger King theory is used as an analytical tool to understand and re-construct the history of interaction between Europeans and Asians in Southeast Asia and proposes alternative frameworks of understanding colonialism. In 2007 a panel called "Re-thinking colonialism in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean, 18TH to 19TH Century" chaired by the International Convention of Asia Scholars (ICAS) the concept was employed to gain insight into the dynamism of the role indigenous peoples had during the process of colonialisation and the complexity of the relationship between coloniser and colonised.

Historical and social science are developing a new alternative discourse, where not only the old nationalistic Euro-centric scholars, but also the later Asian-centric academics and nationalistic revisionists, look at history from the perspective of mutual heritage.

"Southeast Asia has come within the fold of a single world civilization with a single universal history and all that is meant by Asian-centric history is a history in which the Asian, as a host in his house, should stand in the foreground…" (Smail 1961: 76, 78).The concept of the stranger king has been applied to Viking Age Scandinavia to account for the House of Knýtlinga dynasty in Denmark, as well as to account for the annexation of Iceland by the Norwegian King in 1262.

Notes

References

Bibliography
 Gibson, Thomas "From Stranger-King To Stranger-Shaikh" (Indonesia and the Malay World, Volume 36, Issue 105 July 2008) pp. 309–321
 Henley, David "Conflict, Justice, and the Stranger-King Indigenous Roots of Colonial Rule in Indonesia and Elsewhere". (Modern Asian Studies, 38, 2004) pp. 85–144
 Sahlins, Marshall "The Stranger King" (Indonesia and the Malay World, Volume 36, Issue 105 July 2008) pp. 177–199

External links
 JSTOR website with online KITLV publication. Retrieved 27 February 2011.

Dutch East Indies
Colonialism

Oceania
European colonisation in Asia
British Ceylon
Theories of history

Stranger King


The Majestic is a 2001 American romantic drama film directed and produced by Frank Darabont, written by Michael Sloane, and starring Jim Carrey in the leading role. The film also features Bob Balaban, Brent Briscoe, Jeffrey DeMunn, Amanda Detmer, Allen Garfield, Hal Holbrook, Laurie Holden, Martin Landau, Ron Rifkin, David Ogden Stiers, and James Whitmore. The film depicts a 1950s Hollywood screenwriter suspected of being a communist. After suffering amnesia as the result of a road accident, he is taken in by the residents of a small town, who mistake him for a local resident who went MIA while serving in the military during World War II.

Carrey's performance was a significant departure from his previous work, which until then had mostly been comedy films. The film premiered on December 11, 2001, and was released in the United States on December 21, 2001. It received lukewarm reviews from critics and grossed $37 million worldwide against a budget of $72 million, losing an estimated $49 million.

Plot
In 1951, in the heyday of McCarthyism, Peter Appleton is an up-and-coming young screenwriter in Hollywood. He learns from studio lawyer Leo Kubelsky and his own attorney Kevin Bannerman that he has been accused of being a communist, because he attended an antiwar meeting in his college years, a meeting he claims he only attended to impress a girl.

In an instant, Peter's new film, Ashes to Ashes, is pushed back for a few months, the credit is given to someone else, his movie star girlfriend Sandra Sinclair leaves him, and his contract with the studio is dropped. Peter gets drunk and goes for a drive up the California coast, where he accidentally drives his car off a bridge to avoid an opossum.

He regains consciousness on an ocean beach, experiencing amnesia. Peter is found by Stan Keller, who helps him to the nearby town of Lawson, California, and the local doctor, Doc Stanton, tends to his wounds. As the town welcomes him, Harry Trimble arrives and believes Peter to be his son Luke, who went missing in action (MIA) during World War II, sometime after D-Day. Due to his amnesia, Peter accepts being treated as Luke by the town, led by Mayor Ernie Cole. Peter warms to the town, including getting to know Harry and Doc Stanton's daughter, Adele, who, 9 1/2 years earlier,  had become engaged to Luke the night before he went to war.

Peter adjusts to his new life and helps to renovate The Majestic, a movie theater that had become derelict due to hard times. Bob Leffert, a veteran of the war who knew Luke, does not believe Peter is Luke, and fears Peter may be setting the town up for heartbreak, given they had lost sixty other young men during the war. Despite this, Peter helps to restore the theater, invigorate the town, and encourages Mayor Cole to display a memorial, commissioned by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, that the town did not previously have the heart to display.

Meanwhile, Peter's disappearance leads House Un-American Activities Committee member Elvin Clyde to believe Peter is a communist, and he sends two federal agents, Ellerby and Saunders, to California to search for him, where they follow a lead about his car showing up on a beach.

When The Majestic shows his first movie Sand Pirates of the Sahara, and his screenwriting credit appears, Peter is jolted out of his amnesia. Harry suffers from a fatal heart attack before the reel change. After examining him, Doc reports that Harry's time is short. Peter cannot bring himself to acknowledge the truth, thus allowing Harry to die believing Peter is Luke.

After the funeral, Peter admits the truth to Adele, who had already suspected it. Before he can tell anyone else in town, federal agents Ellery and Saunders, as well as Leo and some police officers, arrive. When Sheriff Coleman asks if they need any help with anything, the federal agents reveal Peter's true identity to the whole town and issue him a summons to appear before a congressional committee in Los Angeles. During their meeting, Leo advises Peter to agree to reveal a list of other named "communists" in order to clear his own name. Later that night, the Majestic's usher Emmett admits that he knew Peter wasn't Luke after hearing Peter play a roadhouse boogie at the town festival, since Luke was more inclined to classical music, but kept quiet because he realized the town needed Luke in order to guide it out of its post-war grief.

The next day, Peter goes to the cemetery to return the Medal of Honor to its case in front of Luke's memorial. There he finds Adele. They argue over his decision to tell the committee what it wants to hear; she wants him to fight, as she believes Luke would have done. He stalks away, without having returned the medal.

At the train station, Adele's father gives Peter a package from her. Opening it on the train, he finds a copy of the Constitution, as well as a letter that Luke had written, in which he expresses his readiness to die for a real cause.

Peter changes his mind at the hearing in Los Angeles, which is watched by all of Lawson on television. He confronts Congressman Doyle in front of the committee. Peter gives an impassioned speech about American ideals, which sways the crowd, especially when he holds up Luke's Medal of Honor, and this compels the lawmakers to let him go free. As Peter discusses the result with his attorney Kevin, he learns that the girl for whom he went to antiwar meeting in college was the very same person who had named him to the committee.

Peter attempts to return to his Hollywood screenwriting career, but finds he cannot deal with the ridiculousness of the studio executives' ideas, and leaves Hollywood.

After sending Adele a telegram, Peter returns to Lawson, fearing he will not be welcomed. Instead, he receives a hero's welcome from the town's citizens, who have come to respect him as an individual. Peter then resumes ownership and management of The Majestic, marries Adele, and they have a son together.

Cast
 Jim Carrey as Peter Appleton, a screenwriter who flees Hollywood after being accused of having communist sympathies; he loses his memory after a car accident and is mistaken for Luke Trimble, a soldier feared to be missing in action during WWII.
 Bob Balaban as Elvin Clyde, a member of Congress presiding over the Congressional hearing to interrogate Peter.
 Brent Briscoe as Cecil Coleman, the sheriff of Lawson.
 Jeffrey DeMunn as Ernie Cole, the Mayor of Lawson who is also a pharmacist.
 Amanda Detmer as Sandra Sinclair, Peter's movie star ex-girlfriend, who plays Emily in Sand Pirates of the Sahara.
 Allen Garfield as Leo Kubelsky, Peter's agent.
 Hal Holbrook as Congressman Doyle, a member of the Congressional hearing.
 Laurie Holden as Adele Stanton, the girlfriend of Luke Trimble and the daughter of Doc Stanton.
 Martin Landau as Harry Trimble, the father of Luke Trimble.
 Ron Rifkin as Kevin Bannerman, Peter's studio attorney
 David Ogden Stiers as Doc Stanton, the resident doctor of Lawson and the father of Adele.
 James Whitmore as Stan Keller, the elderly clock store owner who finds Peter on the beach following his car accident.
 Gerry Black as Emmett Smith, the usher and repairman of the Majestic.
 Karl Bury as Bob Leffert, a one-handed veteran and diner chef who knew Luke Trimble.
 Catherine Dent as Mabel, a waitress at a diner in Lawson.
 Shawn Doyle as Federal Agent Saunders, a federal agent searching for Peter.
 Brian Howe as Carl Leffert, the cousin of Bob Leffert.
 Chelcie Ross as Avery Wyatt, the owner of a hardware store in Lawson.
 Daniel von Bargen as Federal Agent Ellerby, a federal agent searching for Peter.
 Susan Willis as Irene Terwilliger, the candy server at the Majestic and a music tutor.
 Matt G. Wiens as Spencer Wyatt, the son of Avery Wyatt, who plays the clarinet in the town band.
 Mario Roccuzzo as Jerry, a bartender at a bar that Peter visits before his car accident.
 Bill Gratton as Daley
 Scotty Leavenworth as Joey, the kid who finds Peter's car on the beach.
 Earl Boen as Newsreel Announcer (voice)
 Bruce Campbell as Brett Armstrong, an actor who plays Roland the Intrepid Explorer, the main protagonist of Sand Pirates of the Sahara.
 Cliff Curtis as Ramón Jamón, an actor who plays The Evil But Handsome Prince Khalid, the main antagonist of Sand Pirates of the Sahara.
 Matt Damon as the voice of Luke Trimble, the soldier whom Peter is believed to be; his vocal cameo is heard as Peter reads his farewell letter.

Garry Marshall, Paul Mazursky, Sydney Pollack, Carl Reiner, and Rob Reiner provide vocal cameos as the unseen Studio Executives.

Production
The original script by Sloane had the working title of The Bijou, and was the title when Carrey signed on in August 2000.

The town of Ferndale, California provided many of the interior and exterior locations for The Majestic. The namesake theater was built as a false-front in the Ferndale municipal parking lot, and many Main Street buildings were modified by the film company.

Train scenes were recorded on the California Western Railroad in Fort Bragg, California. The lighthouse used was Point Cabrillo Light.

Reception

Box office
The film earned $27 million at the box office in the United States and another $9 million outside the US, which brings the worldwide total to $37 million. The film's failure at the box office was partly due to competition with The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, Ocean's Eleven, Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius and Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. The film was released in the United Kingdom on May 24, 2002, and failed to reach the Top 10.

Critical response
The Majestic received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 42% based on 144 reviews, with an average rating of 4.90/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Ponderous and overlong, The Majestic drowns in forced sentimentality and resembles a mish mash of other, better films." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 27 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

Kenneth Turan of Los Angeles Times commented that it was a "derivative, self satisfied fable that couldn't be more treacly and simple-minded if it tried".

One exception to this was Roger Ebert, who awarded the film three and a half stars and praised the film and its ideals: "It flies the flag in honor of our World War II heroes, and evokes nostalgia for small-town movie palaces and the people who run them... Frank Darabont has deliberately tried to make the kind of movie Capra made, about decent small-town folks standing up for traditional American values. In an age of Rambo patriotism, it is good to be reminded of Capra patriotism - to remember that America is not just about fighting and winning, but about defending our freedoms." Ebert also praised Jim Carrey's performance stating that he "has never been better or more likable".

In 2008 interview with Empire magazine, Darabont said,The Majestic is a movie I'm very proud of and I really love. It achieved exactly what I set out to make. And I find it very moving. But in your very magazine, somebody who praised the hell out of Shawshank said, "Frank Darabont needs to apologise for making The Majestic." And I thought, "Really? What did I do? I need to apologise? Kiss my ass!"

See also
 McCarthyism
 World War II

References

External links

2001 films
2001 drama films
American drama films
Films about screenwriters
Films directed by Frank Darabont
Films about amnesia
Films about the Hollywood blacklist
Films set in a movie theatre
Films set in 1951
Films set in California
Films shot in California
Castle Rock Entertainment films
Village Roadshow Pictures films
Films scored by Mark Isham
Warner Bros. films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
Films about disability
Films about lookalikes

The Majestic (film)


The Dixie Travel Plaza, previously known as the Dixie Truck Stop and Dixie Trucker's Home, is a large trucker and travel plaza located in McLean, Illinois, on Interstate 55. It was established by J.P. Walters and John Geske in 1928 on old US Route 66 as a small sandwich stand in a truck mechanic's garage. By 1930, quickly growing demand had necessitated expansion into a full-size restaurant. The restaurant was expanded several times afterwards, and rebuilt once after a fire in 1965. Walters, Geske and the Dixie Trucker's Home have been recognized by the Route 66 Association of Illinois for their contributions—from 1926 to 1977—to the character of Route 66. They were inducted into the association's hall of fame on June 9, 1990. Dixie was previously home to the Route 66 Hall of Fame when it opened in 1990. In 2003, after Dixie changed ownership, the museum was moved to a new, larger location in Pontiac, Illinois.

Dixie Travel Plaza is frequently mentioned in travel books and histories of Old US Route 66. It has also been the subject of articles in the Chicago Tribune in articles about Old Route 66. Dixie was referred to as "one of the most impressive" late night stops along I-55. When the Interstate system was constructed and Route 66 was decommissioned, the portion of Route 66 that Dixie was located on became a portion of I-55.

Expansion
In 2003, the original owners sold the business, after which it was renamed "Dixie Travel Plaza". It was purchased by a company in Providence, Rhode Island. The name was expanded into a chain when the new owners bought two additional truck stop locations and branded them as Dixie Travel Plazas. The other locations are in Tuscola, Illinois and Effingham, Illinois.

In January, 2009, Dixie Travel Plaza was sold again to Ben Gulley of LeRoy, Illinois, after which it underwent a major renovation. In June, 2012, it was sold to Road Ranger of Rockford, Illinois, after which it underwent a complete remodel.

References

External links
 America's Biggest Road Trip Log

U.S. Route 66 in Illinois
Restaurants in Illinois
Gas stations in the United States
Transportation in Illinois
Buildings and structures on U.S. Route 66
Tourist attractions along U.S. Route 66
Companies based in McLean County, Illinois
Restaurants established in 1928
Retail buildings in Illinois
Truck stop chains
1928 establishments in Illinois

Dixie Travel Plaza


The 2014 BBC Music Awards was the inaugural music award show, created out of the BBC's new strategy for music, BBC Music in 2014. The awards were held on 11 December 2014 at the Earls Court Exhibition Centre in London, which would be the final event to be broadcast from the venue. The awards show was announced on 16 June 2014.

The awards recognise the biggest and most exciting artists from the previous 12 months, as well as looking forward to new talent in 2015. A panel of judges decided the winners of each category, except 'Song of the Year', which was decided by the public.

Ed Sheeran, Pharrell Williams and Sam Smith all had two nominations apiece, with Williams winning two awards and Sheeran winning 'British Artist of the Year'.

Performances

Nominees and winners

Ratings
The show achieved a total of 4.17 million viewers, making it the fifth most watched programme of the night. The show received higher ratings than the 2014 BRIT Awards earlier in the year, which achieved 3.84 million viewers, the lowest ratings in its history.

References

External links

BBC music awards
BBC Music Awards
BBC Music awards

2014 BBC Music Awards


Florin Piersic (; born 27 January 1936) is a well-known Romanian actor and TV personality. He is particularly famous for his leading roles in The White Moor and the Margelatu series films. He has a reputation, often parodied in popular culture, as a raconteur.

In 2006 and 2011 the actor was chosen by Disney Pixar to provide the Romanian voice of Mack in the animated movie Cars.

Biography
Piersic's parents were from Bucovina, his mother was born in Valea Seacă, and his father, Ștefan Piersic, a veterinary physician, was originally from Corlata. Piersic spent his childhood years in Corlata, Pojorâta and Cajvana, later, in Cernăuţi, and then his family moved to Cluj, where Florin graduated from the High School for Boys No. 3.

Piersic attended the Caragiale Academy of Theatrical Arts and Cinematography in Bucharest. He joined the regular cast of the Romanian National Theater at 1959 and performed in numerous productions until his retirement in 1989. His first role was as Richard in The Devil's Disciple.

In 1958 he made his debut on screen in the French-Romanian co-production The Thistles of the Bărăgan. He appeared in more than forty movies, most of them in the Ceauşescu era. He often depicted heroic, masculine characters. More recently, he played in a soap opera.

Piersic married three times: to Tatiana Iekel (their marriage lasted from 1962 to 1974), with whom he had a son, Florin Jr.; To Anna Széles (1975–1985), the mother of another son, Daniel; and from 1993, he was married to Anna Török.

In 2006, he was voted to the 51st place on the 100 greatest Romanians list. In 2008 he became an honorary citizen of Oradea. In 2009, he was bestowed with the lifetime achievement award in the Transilvania International Film Festival.

Selected filmography
1957 – The Thistles of the Bărăgan - Tănase
1961 – A Bomb Was Stolen - The Young Gangster
1965 – Harap Alb - Harap Alb
1968 – The Last Roman
1968 – The Column - Sabinus
1970 – Liberation - Otto Skorzeny
1971 – Michael the Brave - Preda Buzescu
1975 – Stephen the Great - Vaslui 1475 - Cristea Jder
1976 - Pintea Viteazul - Grigore Pintea
1977 - Oil! - Dan
1980 - Drumul oaselor - Mărgelatu
1981 - Trandafirul galben - Mărgelatu
1983 - Misterele Bucureștilor - Mărgelatu
1985 - Masca de argint - Mărgelatu
1986 - Colierul de turcoaze - Mărgelatu
1987 - Totul se plătește - Mărgelatu
2004 - Numai iubirea - Octavian
2005 - Eminescu vs Eminem
2005 - Lacrimi de iubire - Alexandra's father
2006 - Lacrimi de iubire - filmul - Titus Mateescu
2009 - State de România - General Teodorescu
2014 - O nouă viață - Tase
2016 - Străini în noapte
2019 - Sacrificiul - Aristide
2020 - Sacrificiul: Alegerea - Aristide

References

External links

1936 births
Living people
Actors from Cluj-Napoca
Romanian male stage actors
Romanian male film actors
Romanian male television actors
20th-century Romanian male actors
21st-century Romanian male actors
Caragiale National University of Theatre and Film alumni

Florin Piersic


Hickory Ridge History Museum is a history museum centered around the Colonial era in Boone, North Carolina located adjacent to the Horn In The West Outdoor Drama. The museum's motto is "Keeping Yesterday For Tomorrow". The museum is a non-profit operation run by the Southern Appalachian Historical Association.

The museum is currently composed of six historic cabins, complete with authentic artifacts and furnishings, set in a park. The oldest cabin is the Tatum Cabin which was originally located in Todd, North Carolina. The Tatum Cabin is dated around the time of the end of the American Revolution. The Coffey House is another cabin at the museum; it dates to around the beginning of the 1800s. There are several other cabins at the museum: a WPA cabin built during the 1930s and a cabin that is set up as a tavern.

The staff dress in period clothing and provide the history of the structures and demonstrate the lifestyles of colonial settlers in the region. Some the activities demonstrated by the volunteers include: spinning, weaving, cooking traditional food over an open fire, blacksmithing, tomahawk throwing, candle dipping, shooting black-powder guns, basket weaving and more.

References

External links
 Official website

History museums in North Carolina
Living museums in North Carolina
Museums in Watauga County, North Carolina

Hickory Ridge Homestead


Eastman Kodak Company was started by George Eastman and Henry A. Strong in 1881. They made their headquarters in Rochester, New York. It began as the Eastman Dry plate company. The company made Photographic plates for Photographers. It changed from a partnership to a corporation in 1884. In 1888 it changed its name again to the Eastman Kodak Company. This is when they released their first hand-held camera called the Kodak. It used a roll of photographic film which the company had started making in 1885. It was a camera simple enough for anyone to take pictures. Eastman Kodak re-invented photography and became an American success story. But their success would not last.

History

At first photographers used glass plates they had to coat with an emulsion. But they had to be used within minutes of being coated. They also had to be processed into a picture right away. In 1878, Eastman successfully created dry plates that could be coated with a gelatin solution. These could be used at the photographer's convenience. They did not require all the heavy equipment wet plates did. Eastman decided to go into business selling them. He invented a machine to mass-produce dry plates. In 1888, the company sold the first Kodak box cameras. The slogan was "you press the button, we do the rest".  For $24 USD the camera came already loaded with film capable of taking 100 pictures. The camera was sent back to the factory where for $10 the film was developed into pictures. These cameras first used paper film but later turned to Nitrocellulose film. An indexing roller to hold film was invented by David Houston. It had square holes in the edge of the film to advance the film with no waste or Multiple exposures. But Eastman did not want to pay to license his patent. So they bought his patent in 1899. Kodak kept making dry plates until that market dried up. Their main profit was in film and film developing papers and chemicals. They made film for the movie industry, 16mm film for hobby filmmaking and cameras of all kinds. In the mid- 1920s they came out with color film. In 1929 Kodak created motion picture film for adding sound to motion pictures.

Problems

In 1947 Edwin H. Land invented the Polaroid instant camera. The camera could develop its own pictures inside the camera in 60 seconds. Within five years Polaroid sold over a million cameras. Kodak took notice. Since Kodak held 80% of the market for photographic development, instant cameras were a real threat. Kodak quickly came out with their own instant camera. Land sued Kodak for $12 billion for using its technology. In 1990 Land won and Kodak quit making instant cameras. But they won only a fraction of what they said Kodak's action had cost them, and Land went out of business in 2001.

Fujifilm, the Japanese photography company, began selling inexpensive film in the United States in the 1980s. Since their film cost much less than Kodak's, by 1999 they had a large share of the film market. Kodak lost millions of dollars and had many layoffs. When Digital cameras became popular, Kodak quickly joined that market. By 1999 they were the second largest maker of digital cameras. But they lost $60 on each one they sold.

Kodak made so many marketing mistakes that its stock dropped from $76 a share in 1999 to $25 in 2004. They dropped out of the film manufacturing business. Finally Kodak was dropped from the Dow Jones Industrial Average. In 2012 the 131-year-company filed for bankruptcy. After selling off many of its products to other companies, Kodak came out of bankruptcy a much smaller company.

References

Photography
Rochester, New York

Kodak


Malawi–Mozambique relations refers to the current and historical relationship between the countries of Malawi and Mozambique. As Malawi shares a large border with Mozambique, much of the substance of their foreign relations pertain to the border separating the two nations. Both of the sovereign states have amicably agreed that lacustrine borders on Lake Malawi remain the largest priority between the two countries, as the exploitation of natural resources within the waters of Lake Malawi remain an issue the two countries continue to resolve. The moment considered an act of generosity and sympathy within the two countries relations is when, during the Mozambique Civil War, Malawi housed over one million Mozambican refugees between 1985 and 1995. After this gesture, Malawian relations with Mozambique crumbled under the tenure of Bingu wa Mutharika, notoriously reaching a nadir when Malawian police launched a raid into Mozambique's territory.

Lake Malawi border
The lacustrine border between Malawi and Mozambique on Lake Nyasa has been the subject of tension between the nations, since the age of resource exploitation on the lake. The discovery of oil and subsequent drilling provided an impetus for diplomatic rows, but the two nations have worked hard to prevent this from occurring. A recent JPCC (Joint Permanent Commission of Cooperation) meeting in Lilongwe attended by both countries' respective foreign minister galvanized the desire for affirmation of the countries' borders, even before any petroleum drilling begins. Said Malawi's foreign minister Ephraim Chiume: "Border re-affirmation exercise is progressing well but I urge those doing it to speed up the process so that we can commence mineral resources exploration in a harmonious way." The Mozambican foreign minister, Oldemiro Baloi, also set forth the same position, stating: "Mozambique is very much interested in moving towards the establishment of legal mechanism to improve the cooperation in the field of shared resources and with regard to mineral exploration, we are waiting for the affirmation of the boundaries between our two countries."

Shire and Zambezi rivers
The Shire River, tributary of the Zambezi River, meanders through both Malawi and Mozambique. The two countries' presidents recently signed an agreement regarding the Shire-Zambezi waterway, a path for exports and imports to travel to/from Malawi, as opposed to the alternative road transport. The waterway connects the Malawian port of Nsanje with the Mozambican port of Beira and is traveled extensively by watercraft. Recently, the waterway has caused difficulty for the country, but the misunderstandings have been put aside, and the waterway is jointly administered by Malawi and Mozambique. Mozambican newspaper Notícias reported that this agreement was signed in May 2012 by Mozambican President Armando Guebuza and his Malawian counterpart, Joyce Banda. Earlier, when the port was inaugurated, Mozambique confiscated trial barges that were sent down the Zambezi.

Mozambican refugee situation
During and in the aftermath of the Mozambique Civil War, Malawi housed more than 1 million Mozambican refugees. The refugee crisis placed a substantial strain on Malawi's economy but also drew significant inflows of international assistance. In the Nsanje district alone, more than 220,000 refugees made the area their abode, outnumbering the local population and often suffering from ailments and maladies such as malaria, bilharzia, diarrhea, severe malnutrition and leprosy. In a July 1998 New York Times piece, the newspaper stated that "hundreds more come across the border each day, with no end in sight." However, the Malawian government was sympathetic to these victims of war, and provided them with rudimentary needs such as medical attention, shelter, food, water, and clothes. Despite the innumerable odds against success, the Malawian government was mostly successful in the repatriation efforts towards the Mozambican refugees, with the process being lauded as a great success by many international observers.

International Transport
In addition to the earlier mentioned Shire-Zambezi Waterway, Malawi and Mozambique share many cooperatively congruous highways and roads, along with routes on the Central East African Railway, including the centerpiece line running between the railways dual operational headquarters of Limbe and Nacala.

Energy
Malawi is known throughout the world for its dearth of energy, sustainable or non-sustainable. In order to combat this, Malawi recently signed an agreement with Mozambique that allows cooperative employment (usage) of the Cahora Bassa hydroelectric dam. The deal was earlier proposed in 2008, but stalled due to cost concerns.

Resident diplomatic missions
 has a high commission in Maputo.
 has a high commission in Lilongwe and a consulate-general in Blantyre.

References

Mozambique
Bilateral relations of Mozambique

Malawi–Mozambique relations


José Francisco de Isla (24 April 1703 – 2 November 1781) was a Spanish Jesuit, celebrated as a preacher and a humorist and satirist in the style of Miguel de Cervantes.

Biography
De Isla's parents were José Isla de la Torre and Ambrosia Rojo. Although born accidentally in Vidanes (close to Cistierna) in the eastern Leonese mountain, he spent his childhood in the village of Valderas where his mother was a native, in the southern province of Leon. Premature, bright and highly gifted intellectually, he was a compulsive reader from childhood and graduated with his bachiller in law at eleven years old, according to his biographer Jose Ignacio de Salas. He entered the Society of Jesus at sixteen (1719) in the novitiate of Villagarcía de Campos, studying philosophy and theology at the University of Salamanca. At nineteen he translated History of the Emperor Teodosio de Flechier. In collaboration with a teacher, also a Jesuit, Father Luis de Lozada (1681–1748), he wrote La juventud triunfante (Triumphant Youth) (Salamanca, 1727), a description in prose and verse, interspersed with four comedies by unnamed authors, on feasts celebrated, in recognition of the canonization of St. Aloysius Gonzaga and St. Stanislaus Kostka.

Early career
De Isla was a professor of philosophy and theology in Segovia, Santiago de Compostela, Medina del Campo and Pamplona. In Pamplona he translated The Compendium of the History of Spain by Father Duchesne and the Christian Year by Father Jean Croisset, also noted as a preacher in Valladolid and Zaragoza.

His work Triunfo del amor y del la lealtad: dia grande de Navarra was a subtly satirical depiction of the celebrations held at Pamplona to mark the visit of King Ferdinand VI. Initially, the book got an enthusiastic reception from some high-ranking readers - but a scandal broke out when, on closer reading, the real intent, biting and far from flattering, was revealed. De Isla was forced to leave his city and took up the life of an itinerant preacher, where he gained considerable popularity.

The Marquis de la Ensenada recommended him as a confessor of Queen Barbara of Braganza, but he refused. He published under the assumed name of Francisco Lobón de Salazar, benefiting from Aguilar and priest of Villagarcia de Campos. It was during this time that the most important of his works, the first part of Historia del famoso predicador fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes was written and published, originally under the name of his friend Don Francisco Lobon de Salazar, in 1758, but de Isla's authorship of it was soon revealed. The work, full of fresh humor, depicted a peasant boy who rises to prominence as a preacher due to his smooth tongue. It constituted a biting satire on the charlatanism and bombast of the popular preaching friars of the day. This is a novel very low in action, in which two elements are combined in the most unusual way: a satirical and burlesque narrative fiction about bad preachers, who still followed the pompous and pedantic style of the Gongoran Baroque preachers, and a didactic treatise of sacred oratory. In this combination the author also intersperses various stories and jokes., the influence of the picaresque novel and Cervantes style are seen in this work.  What stands out most is its wit and irony, despite its virtually nonexistent action.

Later life
Isla's reputation and his position in the history of Spanish literature are linked particularly to his satire against the preachers of his time. The Bishop of Palencia opposed the work that was printed in his diocese. As a result of this Isla published it in Madrid, and on 22 February 1758 the first part appeared under the title Historia del famoso predicador fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes. Of the 1500 copies that were printed, 800 were sold within the first twenty-four hours, and the edition was exhausted in three days.

The Council of the Inquisition, on 14 March 1758, ordered the suspension "until further notice" of the reprint of the first part and the second printing. Later, the book was banned, by decree of 20 May 1760, after a two-year process. The second part appeared in clandestine edition in 1768 and the Inquisition also banned it by decree in 1766. Although Isla's purpose for writing the book was to improve preaching, one of the foundations of pastoral activity, the satirical book contributed to feeding the poor image members of religious orders had among the popular classes, and was used as argument by the anticlericalism in the following century. It is now considered a masterpiece of Spanish literature.

In exile
For several years de Isla lived in Villagarcia de Campos (Valladolid), until the Company was expelled from Spain in 1767. He left Pontevedra very ill and passed through Corsica and various Italian cities until he settled in Bologna, where he was hosted by the Tedeschi counts in their Palazzo. There, he had regular dealings with Spanish students housed in the Royal College of Spain, founded by Cardinal Gil Álvarez de Albornoz. During his exile he continued his correspondence in a straightforward, homely and affectionate style with his sister Doña Maria Francisca de Isla, correspondence that formed the volume Cartas familiares (Family letters). In Bologna he entertained himself by performing various translations, such as Cartas de Jose Antonio Constantini (Letters from Jose Antonio Constantini), in eight volumes, which he completed in the Papal States, Arte de encomendarse a Dios by Father Antonio Francesco Bellati, and the famous picaresque novel by Alain René Lesage, Gil Blas de Santillana, in whose prologue he accused the French author of having stolen and translated several Spanish novels of the genre to compose his own. This translation was printed in 1787 and 1788. The translation was so successful that no less than fifty-six reprints were made before the twentieth century.

Death
De Isla died in Bologna in extreme poverty in 1781. His last book, Cartas de Juan de la Encina (Letters from Juan de la Encina), published posthumously (1784), constituted a sharp condemnation of the practices of the Spanish physicians of his time. In 1803 the priest, José Ignacio de Salas printed his biography in Madrid and in the Ibarra workshop, under the title Compendio histórico de la vida, carácter moral y literario del célebre padre Isla con la noticia analítica de todos sus escritos (Compendium history of the life, moral and literary character of the famous father Isla with analytical notes on all his writings), paid for by his devoted sister, who was also the editor of many other works by her brother.

Works
 Papeles crítico-apologéticos (1726) - Critical and apologetic Papers.
 El tapabocas (1727) - The Mask.
 Juventud triunfante (1727) - Triumphant Youth.
 Cartas de Juan de la Encina. Obra de Josef Francisco de Isla contra un libro que escribió don Josef Carmona, cirujano intitulado: "Método Racional de curar Sabañones" (1732) - Letters of Juan de la Encina. Work of Josef Francisco de Isla against a book written by Don Josef Carmona, surgeon Entitled "Rational Method to cure chilblains".
 Triunfo del amor y de la lealtad. Día grande de Navarra (1746) - Triumph of love and loyalty. The great of Navarre day.
 Historia del famoso predicador Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes (1758 and 1768) - History of the famous preacher of Campazas Gerund, alias Zotes.
 Mercurio general de Europa, lista de sucesos varios (1758) - Mercury General of Europe, list of various events
 Los aldeanos críticos o cartas críticas sobre lo que se verá, Madrid (1759) - Critical Villagers or critical letters about what will be seen.
 Cartas familiares (1786). Barcelona, 1883, León (1903) - Family letters.
 Cartas a mi tia la de Albacete (1787) - Letters to my aunt from Albacete.
 Reflexiones cristianas sobre las grandes verdades de la fe, Madrid (1785) - Christian Reflections on the great truths of faith.
 Cartas atrasadas del Parnaso and Sueño escrito por el padre Josef Francisco de Isla en la exaltacion del Señor D. Carlos III (que Dios guarde) al trono de España, Madrid: Oficina de Pantaleon Aznar (1785) - Overdue letters from Parnassus and A Dream written by Father José Francisco de Isla in exaltation of Lord D. Carlos III (God bless) to the throne of Spain.
 Sermones (1792 and 1793) -  Sermons (six volumes).
 Colección de papeles crítico-apologéticos, Madrid (1787 and 1788) -  Collection of critical and apologetic papers (two volumes).
 Translation of Alain Rene Lesage's Gil Blas de Santillana (1787 and 1788).
 Translation of The Compendium of the History of Spain by Father Duchesne.
 Translation of The Christian Year by Father Jean Croiset.
 Translation of the Critical scholarly letters on various issues: scientific, psychic and moral, fashion and taste of this century by Venetian lawyer Giuseppe Antonio Constantini in eight volumes.
 Translation of The art of giving oneself over to God, i.e. the virtues of prayer by Father Antonio Francesco Bellati.

Bibliography

B. Gaudeau, Les Prêcheurs burlesques en Espagne au XVIIIe siècle, 1891.

References

1703 births
1781 deaths
People from Montaña de Riaño
18th-century Spanish Jesuits
Spanish satirists
18th-century Spanish writers
18th-century male writers
University of Salamanca alumni

José Francisco de Isla


Vision and Mision

Vision
The vision of Dhyana Pura University is an Exemplary and Excellent University.

Mission
The mission of Dhyana Pura University is to create a human being who is academically qualified, and characterized, professionally, behaviorally, and spiritually.

A Brief History of DHYANA PURA UNIVERSITY

Dhyana Pura name has been used since the establishment of Dhyana Pura Tourism Education and Training Center (Pusat Pendidikan Latihan Pariwisata Dhyana Pura) in 1987 which always strives to maintain the education quality and graduates' quality. The long history of Dhyana Pura University can be described as follows: In 1987, Dhyana Pura Tourism Education and Training Center (Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pariwisata Dhyana Pura/PPLP) was established by organizing a hospitality training program at the Dhyana Pura Hotel, Jalan Dhyana Pura, Seminyak, Kuta, Bali. Then in 1988, PPLP received an accreditation award from the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia as a tourism education and training institution at the basic level. Then in 1989, education and training were removed to the Widhyapura Campus in Denpasar City while still making the Dhyana Pura Hotel a place for student practice. Along with the growing demands for education and training quality, Dhyana Pura PPLP continued to make internal improvements and received an accreditation award from the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia as an educational and tourism institution for secondary education in 1990. In 1991, received an award from the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia as a tourism education and training institution graduates representative produce that can fulfill a need tourism industry. In 1994, Dhyana Pura PPLP occupied a new campus on an area of 1.5 ha located on Jalan Raya Padangluwih, Tegaljaya, Dalung, Kuta, Bali. In 1995 – 1997, developing education and training based on the needs of the rapidly growing tourism industry related to the increased demand for the tourism industry and related to the increasing number of hotels, and the need for manpower on cruise ships. Sending staff to carry out comparative studies and on-the-job training in the Netherlands, Singapore, and Australia. Sending students to take part in on-the-job training in Singapore which is going well and is placed in various restaurants, clubs, and hotels in Singapore. Developing the land expansion of the Dhyana Pura STIM campus to 2.5 ha and completing various practical facilities and adequate outdoor activities such as mini football, basketball, volleyball fields, etc. In 1997, he collaborated with the Goulburn Ovens Institute of TAFE, Shepparton, Victoria, Australia in the form of a Twinning Programme (Program Kembar) called the Hospitality Diploma. The excellence program is education and training guided by accredited modules in Australia where graduates will receive two certificates, each from GOIT Shepparton Australia and Dhyana Pura PPLP. In 1998, there were additional campus buildings named Campus B and C with three and four floors with the function of being the main campus, offices, and a place to practice various programs related to the respective fields of education and training. In the same year, Dhyana Pura PPLP received accreditation from the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia as a tourism education and training institution at the level of a coach and also received an award as an outstanding tourism education and training institution in Indonesia. In 2000, received an accreditation award as a convener of tourism education and training at the coach level. In 2001, collaborated with the College of The Ozark Missouri USA, and THE CHN University Leeuwarden, Netherlands to improve the ability of educators, instructors, and staff, as well as further studies in the tourism management field. It received an award as one of the leading private tourism education and training of all of Indonesia from the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia.

In 2001, the Dhyana Pura Foundation established the Dhyana Pura Management College (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Managemen Dhyana Pura). Thus in that year, the Dhyana Pura Foundation organized the Dhyana Pura Tourism Education & Training Center under the Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia and the Dhyana Pura Management College under the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia. In 2002, they developed and expanded overseas training programs (which have been running since 1997) to become a flagship program in increasing the ability of graduates to be able to compete more competitively at the national and world levels. The placement of trainees is not only to Singapore but also to the Netherlands and the United States. Received a standard competency award. In 2003, collaborated with SIRS (Selected Indonesia Restaurants) in the Netherlands and collaborated with The CHN University Leeuwarden through a combined program on the job training and Summer Course. In 2004, held a Pastry and Bakery Course in collaboration with GOULBURN OVENS INSTITUTE OF TAFE SHEPPARTON VICTORIA AUSTRALIA which was attended by instructors and students. In 2005 STIM Dhyana Pura hosted THE GRAND TOUR PROGRAM for students of The CHN University Leeuwarden, Netherlands & STIM-PPLP Dhyana Pura for 6 weeks at the Dhyana Pura Campus. Collaborated with The CHN Leeuwarden the Netherlands held a Pastry & Bakery Course, Food Production, and Wine for instructors/lecturers as well as students. In 2006, STIM-PPLP Dhyana Pura for the second time hosted THE COSMOPOLITAN PROGRAM for students of The CHN University Leeuwarden, Netherlands, STIM-PPLP Dhyana Pura for 6 weeks at the Dhyana Pura Campus. In collaboration with GOIT Victoria Australia, they organized an advanced pastry and bakery course attended by Dhyana Pura STIM & PPLP employees and students as well as Dhyana Pura Hotel employees. In 2011, the Dhyana Pura Management College organized by the Dhyana Pura Foundation, Badung Regency, Bali Province, became the Dhyana Pura University in Badung Regency, Bali Province, which was organized by the Dhyana Pura Bali Foundation with the SK MINISTER OF NATIONAL EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA: NO. 142 / E / 0/2011 DATED JULY 7, 2011.

THE 7 (SEVEN) CHARACTERS OF DHYANA PURA UNIVERSITY (UNDHIRA-BALI)

Dhyana Pura University has a set of values called the Seven Characters of UNDHIRA to be applied as a basis for thought, words, and action in all programs planned by each academic community, which are:

Self-confidence: Developing individual self-confidence.
Integrity: Educating individuals who have integrity such as thoughts, words, and actions are harmonious, honest, and based on the fear of God.
Pluralism: Having tolerance and mutual respect for diversity and pluralism in society, as well as being able to work cooperatively in heterogeneous communities.
Intra-entrepreneurship: Developing the spirit of entrepreneurship and self-motivation to increase the quality of life.
Servant Leadership: Creating leaders with attitudes, spirit, and the principle of servitude for all mankind.
Professionalism: Educating individuals who have mental attitudes, behaviors, and perspectives that reflect proficiency, are highly competent, and highly enlightened in their program; supported by broad insight and the collaboration of communication ability, and compete with confidence and integrity.
Globally: Creating individuals who have interaction and global mobility to enhance individuals' competitiveness nationally and internationally.

Fakultas

 Fakultas Ekonomi, Bisnis, dan Humaniora
 Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, dan Teknologi
 Fakultas Vokasi

Jurusan
Fakultas Ekonomi dan Humaniora:
 Akuntansi (S1)
 Manajemen (S1)
 Pendidikan Guru PAUD (S1)
 Pendidikan Vokasional Kesejahteraan Keluarga (S1)
 Sastra Inggris (S1)
 Magister Manajemen (S2)

Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan dan Sains:
 Fisioterapi (S1)
 Pendidikan Profesi Fisioterapis
 Gizi (S1)
 Kesehatan Masyarakat (S1)
 Psikologi (S1)
 Perekam Dan Informasi Kesehatan (S1)
 Biologi (S1)
 Teknik Informatika
 Sistem Informasi

Fakultas Vokasi
 Pemasaran Digital (D3)
 Pengelolaan Perhotelan (D4)

Pranala luar
 Situs Pendukung1

Universitas Dyana Pura

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Dhyana Pura


The banner o Greece (popularly referred tae as the galanolefki or the kianolefki, the "blue-white") is based on nine equal horizontal stripes o blue alternatin wi white. Thare is a blue canton in the upper hoist-side corner bearin a white cross; the cross seembolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the establisht releegion o the fowk o Greece an Greek Cypriots. Accordin tae popular tradeetion, the nine stripes represent the nine seellables o the phrase "Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος" ("Freedom or Daith", " E-lef-the-ri-a i Tha-na-tos"), the five blue stripes for the seellables "Έλευθερία" an the fower white stripes "ή Θάνατος". The nine stripes are an aa said tae represent the letters o the wird "freedom" (Greek: Ελευθερία). Thare is an' a' a different theory, that the nine stripes seembolise the nine Muses, the goddesses o airt an civilization (nine haes tradeetionally been ane o the nummers o reference for the Greeks). The offeecial banner ratio is 2:3.

The blazon o the banner is Azure, fower bars Argent; on a canton o the field a Greek cross throughoot o the seicont. The shade o blue uised in the banner haes varied throughoot its history, frae licht blue tae daurk blue, the latter bein increasingly uised syne the late 1960s.

The abuin patterns wur offeecially adoptit bi the First Naitional Assembly at Epidaurus on 13 Januar 1822. Blue an white hae mony interpretations, seembolisin the colours o the famed Greek sky an sea (combined wi the white clouds an waves), traditional colours o Greek claes in the islands an the mainland, etc.

References

Greece

Naitional seembols o Greece

Banner o Greece


The Access to Abortion Services Act is a law in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Enacted in September 1995, it protects access to abortion services by limiting demonstrations outside of abortion clinics, doctor's offices, and doctor's homes. It creates an "access zone" around the facility in which such activities as protesting, sidewalk counseling, intimidation of or physical interference with abortion providers or their patients are prohibited. This distance varies depending upon the building's type, with protests outside of doctor's offices being restricted to coming within 10 metres, up to 50 metres for hospital or clinic, and 160 metres for a doctor's home.

On January 23, 1996, a court overturned the provisions which prohibited protesting and sidewalk counselling on the grounds that both violated the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Both provisions were restored in October 1996.

The following cases involve the Access to Abortion Services Act:

R v. Lewis (1996)
R. v. Demers (2003)
Watson v R.; Spratt v R. (2007)

See also
Abortion
Abortion in Canada
Abortion law

References

British Columbia provincial legislation
Canadian abortion law
1995 in British Columbia
1995 in Canadian law

Access to Abortion Services Act