West Is West is a 2010 British comedy-drama film directed by Andy DeEmmony and starring Om Puri, Linda Bassett, Aqib Khan, Ila Arun and Jimi Mistry. A sequel to the 1999 comedy film East Is East, it was written by Ayub Khan-Din and produced by Leslee Udwin for Assassin Films and BBC Films.

The film was first shown at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival on 12 September. It premiered at the BFI London Film Festival on 19 October 2010, followed by UK and Irish release on 25 February 2011.  The first US showing was on 2 November 2010 at the South Asian International Film Festival, followed by several other US festivals. While it was released in Canada on 25 March 2011, it never received a US release.

Plot
In 1976, five years after the original film East Is East, little is known about most of the Khan children, except that they seldom communicate with their parents. Tariq is now a hippie (looking like George Harrison) who runs a new age store with older brother Nazir, and his English girlfriend is unaware of his true ethnicity. Maneer lives with his extended family in Pakistan where he is searching for a suitable wife, but without success. Sajid, the youngest Khan child, no longer wears a parka, and is a truant, constantly bullied due to his Pakistani background, but the headmaster—a former British soldier who served in the Punjab—is sympathetic, encouraging him to embrace his heritage. After Sajid is caught shoplifting, his father George, who has retained his bullying nature, attacks him at home. When Sajid retaliates, calling him a "dirty Paki bastard", a devastated George states all his other children in England have become British and he cannot lose Sajid as well. He takes him to Pakistan to meet their extended family intending to show him life in their native land is better, although his wife Ella openly disapproves.

On arriving in Pakistan, George and Sajid are greeted by relatives including Tanvir, a lazy man who often tries to swindle George—and is his son-in-law through his marriage to one of George's daughters with his first wife Basheera. On the family farm, George is reunited with Basheera and their daughters whom he had abandoned thirty years before, and hands out gifts to all, telling them he is staying for a month to find Maneer a wife, but soon discovers no family will give their daughter away as they fear Maneer will leave his wife for an English woman as his father George did when he left Basheera for Ella. Furious, George blames his family in England, but Maneer reminds him he himself is at fault. Basheera is also angry with George for abandoning her when she needed him.

When Tanvir explains to Sajid he will not tolerate any trouble, he is abruptly told to "fuck off". Sajid is taken to the local school for enrolment where he meets spiritual teacher Pir Naseem and local boy Zaid who Sajid loathes at first, and refuses to enroll. Zaid, who can speak basic English, advises him, and the two become firm friends. Zaid teaches him Pakistani culture, and Pir Naseem promises George he will discipline his son when he misbehaves. Sajid gradually appreciates his culture and new surroundings which pleases George, except he is slightly jealous of the bond between his son and Pir Naseem. Eventually Sajid discovers Neelam, a Pakistani woman born in Rochdale, close to Maneer's family home of Salford and who bears a striking resemblance to Maneer's favourite singer Nana Mouskouri. Like Maneer, she is also looking for a spouse in Pakistan and, with her approval, Sajid plans a meeting between the pair.

Meanwhile, upon discovering George has withdrawn the family savings, Ella travels to Pakistan with her best friend Annie in tow. She is furious to discover her husband is building a house for his family there, and plans to take Sajid back to England with her, but he refuses to leave. During her stay, Ella fights with Basheera and her daughters, and refuses to give them access to the new house, but upon realising how alike they are the two women put their differences aside. Maneer and Neelam soon marry, and George for the first time in years begins to appreciate Ella as a wife who stood by him during hard times. The film ends with George and his England-based family returning home and Sajid finally proud of his Asian background, whilst George's chippy now serves Pakistani-style kebabs.

Cast
 Om Puri as George
 Linda Bassett as Ella
 Aqib Khan as Sajid
 Lesley Nicol as Annie
 Jimi Mistry as Tariq
 Ila Arun as Basheera
Sheeba Chaddha as Rehana
 Emil Marwa as Maneer
 Vijay Raaz as Tanvir
 Vanessa Hehir as Esther
 Robert Pugh as Headmaster Jordan
 Zita Sattar as Neelam
 Nadim Sawalha as Pir Naseem
 Raj Bhansali as Zaid
 Yograj Singh custom officer

Om Puri, Linda Bassett, Lesley Nicol, Jimi Mistry, and Emil Marwa are the only actors from the original movie who reprise their roles in West is West.

Soundtrack

Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy composed the score.  Rob Lane arranged it. The songs were recorded in Purple Rain studio, in Mumbai. Rob Lane joined Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy to compose music for the film. They used several Indian classical instruments like Jaltarang, Santoor, Flute  and Sarangi. The renowned Jaltarang player Milind Tulnkar was roped in to play the instrument for ten to twelve sequences.

Critical reception
The film received mixed reviews. , the film holds a 64% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 25 reviews with an average rating of 5.37 out of 10. Several reviewers noted that while the film still had the sense of humour of East Is East, it did not reach the level attained in the original. In his review for The Globe and Mail, Rick Groen noted the "sudden leaps into unabashed melodrama", saying that "When they fail, the hurlyburly gets annoying. But when they succeed, the result can be genuinely touching."

Sukhdev Sandhu of The Daily Telegraph in his review described the soundtrack as "delightful". Rediff reviewer Shaikh Ayaz, in his review, stated "The music is beautifully cherry-picked, mixing Sufi tunes with Punjabi folk music." Nikhat Kazmi of Times of India, in her review, said that the "soulful music" of the movie was memorable. Pankaj Sabnani of Glamsham also gave the music a thumbs up, saying "Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy's music is excellent and gels well with the film." Daily Bhaskar review described the music as "soothing" and "situational".

References

External links

 Interview with West Is West producer Leslie Udwin

2010 films
2010s teen comedy-drama films
BBC Film films
British Pakistani films
British sequel films
British teen comedy-drama films
Films set in 1976
Films set in Manchester
Films set in Pakistan
Films shot in India
Films shot in Greater Manchester
2010s English-language films
2010s British films

West Is West (2010 film)


Scott Wilson (born William Delano Wilson; March 29, 1942 –  October 6, 2018) was an American actor. He had more than 50 film credits, including In the Heat of the Night, In Cold Blood, The Great Gatsby, Dead Man Walking, Pearl Harbor, and Junebug. In 1980, Wilson received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture for his role in William Peter Blatty's The Ninth Configuration. He played veterinarian Hershel Greene on the AMC television series The Walking Dead (2011–2014; 2018). He also had a recurring role on CSI: Crime Scene Investigation as casino mogul Sam Braun, as well as a lead role on the Netflix series The OA as Abel Johnson.

Life and career

Wilson was born in the small Southern town of Thomasville, Georgia. He made his screen debut portraying characters suspected of murder in his first three films. In his debut film, Wilson played a murder suspect in In the Heat of the Night (1967). Wilson appeared in Sparta, Illinois where In the Heat of the Night was filmed, on March 15, 2014, to celebrate the city's 175th anniversary in reference to his debut appearance in the film.

His follow-up role, in the same year, was in the film version of In Cold Blood, based on the book of the same name by Truman Capote. Wilson portrayed real-life murderer Richard Hickock, while Robert Blake played his partner, Perry Smith.

Director Richard Brooks cast Wilson and Blake in the starring roles specifically because they were unknown at the time. The director passed over better-known actors, including Steve McQueen and Paul Newman, for the parts. Wilson later explained Brooks' casting motivations: "Brooks hired two 'unknowns' and he wanted to keep it that way. We were treated like two killers he had somehow run across."

The film earned Wilson an appearance on the cover of Life magazine, published on May 12, 1967. Wilson was just 25 years old at the time. The cover features Truman Capote standing between Wilson and Blake on an empty highway in Kansas. The caption, Nightmare Revisited, appears with them on the cover. Wilson appeared in The Great Gatsby in 1974 opposite Robert Redford. He received a 1980 Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Ninth Configuration by director and friend William Peter Blatty. He lost the Golden Globe to Timothy Hutton. In 1995 Wilson got attention for his role as a prison chaplain in Dead Man Walking, starring Susan Sarandon and Sean Penn, based on the book of the same name by Sister Helen Prejean.

Wilson's filmography also includes The Gypsy Moths, The Right Stuff, A Year of the Quiet Sun, Malone, The Grass Harp, Junebug, The Host, Monster, Young Guns II, Pearl Harbor, Big Stan, Judge Dredd, the Shiloh film series and Behind the Mask: The Rise of Leslie Vernon. Wilson has filmed on location in South Korea, Japan and Spain. Wilson had a recurring role in several episodes of CSI: Crime Scene Investigation as Sam Braun, father of crime-scene investigator Catherine Willows (portrayed by Marg Helgenberger). Braun was killed off in the episode "Built to Kill, Part 2". In the fall of 2011 he also made an appearance opposite Laura Dern in the HBO series, Enlightened.

Wilson was cast as veterinarian, Hershel Greene in the second season of The Walking Dead in June 2011. The role has earned him positive reviews, including a "cheer" from TV Guide, which wrote that he had contributed "subtle shades of humanity to the character of Hershel Greene." Wilson was offered the opportunity to join the show while visiting his 97-year-old mother in Georgia. He has described his mother as "a fan of the show." Wilson left the show in December 2013 after his character was killed off in the season 4 mid-season finale "Too Far Gone". However, he made two guest appearances since his character's death, and made his last onscreen appearance in the fifth episode of the ninth season of The Walking Dead.

Wilson reflected on his career in a 2011 interview with Access Atlanta's Rodney Ho: "It's been up and down. It's always been. You have dry spells. At different times, you are starting over. If you love it, you stay with it. That's what I'm doing. I've accomplished more than I would have hoped to have accomplished. I don't want to be a big movie star. I can be someone who walks the streets and not get mobbed. I want to be as fine an actor as I can be. I am still striving to be as good as I can be." Wilson was filming scenes for The Walking Dead in Senoia, Georgia, at the time the interview took place. In 2014, Wilson was cast in a recurring role as Dr. Guyot in the Amazon original series Bosch. In 2016, he appeared in the Netflix series The OA.

Personal life and death
Wilson married Heavenly in 1977.

On October 6, 2018, Wilson died from leukemia at his home in Los Angeles, aged 76. He died just a few hours after NYCC (New York Comic Con). The premiere episode of The Walking Deads ninth season, "A New Beginning", which aired the next day, was dedicated to Wilson's memory which is shown in the final credits of the episode.

Filmography

Film

Television

Other awards and nominations

References

External links

1942 births
2018 deaths
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from Atlanta
People from Thomasville, Georgia
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from cancer in California
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
American people of British descent

Scott Wilson (actor)


Samuel Drew (6 March 1765 – 29 March 1833) was a British Methodist theologian. A native of Cornwall, England, he was nicknamed the "Cornish metaphysician" for his works on the human soul, the nature of God, and the deity of Christ.  He also wrote on historical and biographical themes.

Early life and education
Drew was born in the parish of St Austell, in Cornwall.  His father was a poor farm labourer, and could not afford to send him to school long enough even to learn to read and write. At ten he was apprenticed to a shoe-maker, and at twenty he settled in the town of St Austell, first as manager for a shoe-maker, and in 1787 began business on his own account. He had already gained a reputation in his narrow circle as a keen debater and a jovial companion, and it is said that he had several smuggling adventures.

He was first aroused to serious thought in 1785 by a funeral sermon preached over his elder brother by Adam Clarke. He joined the Methodists, was soon employed as a class leader and local preacher, and continued to preach until a few months before his death. His opportunities of gaining knowledge were very scanty, but he strenuously set himself to make the most of them. It is stated that an accidental introduction to Locke's great essay on human understanding determined the ultimate direction of his studies.

Literary career
In 1798 the first part of Thomas Paine's Age of Reason was put into his hands; and in the following year he made his first appearance as an author by publishing his Remarks on that work. The book was favourably received, and was republished in 1820. Drew had begun to meditate a greater attempt before he wrote his Remarks on Paine; and, encouraged by the antiquary John Whitaker, he published his Essay on the Immateriality and Immortality of the Soul in 1802.

This work made the "Cornish metaphysician," as he was called, widely known, and for some time it held a high place in the judgment of the religious world as a conclusive argument on its subject. A fifth edition appeared in 1831. Drew continued to work at his trade until 1805, when he entered into an engagement with Dr Thomas Coke, a prominent Wesleyan official, which enabled him to devote himself entirely to literature.

In 1809 he published his Essay on the Identity and General Resurrection of the Human Body, perhaps the most original of his works, which reached a second edition in 1822. In 1814 he completed a history of Cornwall begun by Fortescue Hitchins. In 1819 he removed to Liverpool, being appointed editor of the Imperial Magazine, then newly established, and in 1821 to London, the business being then transferred to the capital. Here he filled the post of editor until his death, and had also the supervision of all works issued from the Caxton Press.

He was an unsuccessful competitor for the Burnett prize offered in 1811 for an essay on the existence and attributes of God. The work which he then wrote, and which in his own judgment was his best, was published in 1820, under the title of An Attempt to demonstrate from Reason and Revelation the Necessary Existence, Essential Perfections, and Superintending Providence of an Eternal Being, who is the Creator, the Supporter, and the Governor of all Things (2 vols 8vo). This procured him the degree of MA from the university of Aberdeen.

Among Drew's lesser writings are a Life of Dr Thomas Coke (1817), and a work on the deity of Christ (1813).

He died at Helston in Cornwall on 29 March 1833. He was a man of strong mind, honourable spirit and affectionate disposition, energetic both in speech and in writing.

A memoir of his life by his eldest son appeared in 1834.

1765 births
1833 deaths
British theologians
Cornish Methodists
People from St Austell

Samuel Drew


Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and  was a rank above full , but below . The rank of colonel general also exists in the armed forces organized along the lines of the Soviet model, where it is comparable to that of a lieutenant general.

Austria

Colonel general
() was the second-highest rank in the Austro-Hungarian Army, introduced following the German model in 1915. The rank was not used after World War I in the Austrian Army of the Republic.

Czechoslovakia
The rank of colonel general () was created in the Czechoslovak army in 1950; it was dropped after the 1993 dissolution of the state.

France

In the French Army, under the Ancien régime, the officer in nominal command of all the regiments of a particular branch of service (i. e. infantry, cavalry, dragoons, Swiss troops, etc.) was known as the colonel general. This was not a rank, but an office of the Crown.

Georgia
The Republic of Georgia adopted Soviet designations after its independence in 1991 so that the rank of colonel-general (, ) exists, yet it is only used as highest possible rank in the Patrol Police and Border Police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In the Defence Forces it is the highest possible rank for all general officers and the Chief of Defence Forces (who currently holds minimum rank of major general).

Germany

The rank of  was introduced in the Prussian Army in 1854, originally as Colonel General with the rank of Field Marshal () as field marshal was a wartime promotion and excluded members of the royal family. It later was split into said two ranks and eventually was adopted by the other state forces of the German Empire.

It was also used in the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic, and more prominently within the Wehrmacht. The rank continued in the National People's Army of East Germany until German reunification in 1990. The Bundeswehr, first in West Germany and since 1990 in unified Germany, does not use it and has General as highest rank.

Hungary
In Hungary, the rank of colonel general (vezérezredes) was introduced to the Imperial and Royal Army (the common ground force of the Dual Monarchy) in 1915. The rank replaced the ranks of gyalogsági tábornok (general of infantry), lovassági tábornok (general of cavalry), and táborszernagy (general of artillery) in the early 1940s.

The rank title vezérezredes is still in use for the highest ranking (four-star) general officers of the Hungarian Defence Forces () and foreign four-star general officers' rank titles are usually translated as vezérezredes in Hungarian, including Commonwealth air forces' Air Chief Marshals.

Mongolia
In 1961, J.Lkhagvasuren was awarded the title of Colonel General of the People's Republic of Mongolia. There are 9 people in Mongolia who have been promoted to colonel general. Currently, one person is currently living. He is Sonomyn Luvsangombo. Since 2006, this rank has been removed from the ranks of the Mongolian Armed Forces.

North Korea

The North Korean rank of sangjang translates as "colonel general". Sangjang is senior to that of jungjang (usually translated as "lieutenant general") and junior to that of daejang (usually translated as "general").

This rank is typically held by the commanding officer of units along the Korean DMZ and the North Korean security zone at Panmunjom. It is also the rank held by the KPA Pyongyang Defense Command's commanding general.

Russia

The rank of colonel general () was first established in the Red Army on 7 May 1940, as a replacement for the previously existing Komandarm 2nd rank (, "army commander of the second rank"). During World War II, about 199 officers were promoted to colonel general. Before 1943, Soviet colonel generals wore four stars on their collar patches (). Since 1943, they have worn three stars on their shoulder straps, making the rank equivalent to a United States lieutenant general.

Unlike the German  (which it most probably calqued), the Soviet and Russian colonel general rank is neither an exceptional nor a rare one, as it is a normal step in the "ladder" between a two-star lieutenant general and a four-star army general.

Other than that, the Soviet and Russian rank systems sometimes cause confusion in regard to equivalence of ranks, because the normal Western title for brigadier or brigadier general ceased to exist for the Russian Army in 1798. The kombrig rank that corresponded to one-star general only existed in the Soviet Union during 1935–1940. Positions typically reserved for these ranks, such as brigade commanders, have always been occupied by colonels () or, very rarely, major generals (see History of Russian military ranks).

The rank has usually been given to district, front and army commanders, and also to deputy ministers of defense, deputy heads of the general staff and so on.

In some post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States armies (for example in Belarus), there are no generals of the army or marshals, and so colonel general is the highest rank, usually held by the minister of defense.

The corresponding naval rank is admiral, which is also denoted by three stars.

Sweden
Colonel general (generalöverste) has also been a senior military rank in Sweden, used principally before the 19th century.

Ukraine
In Ukraine, colonel general () is now an obsolete military rank of general officers of the Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy (only Marine Corps, Naval Aviation and Shore Establishment). It was first introduced in 1920 as part of a rank system in Ukrainian People's Army replacing such terms as Sotnyk general and Bunchuk general.

From October 1, 2020, the rank of colonel general in Ukraine was no longer assigned and the highest rank of general was introduced. Until 2020, it was a higher rank than a lieutenant general, but a lower rank than general of the Army of Ukraine.

Although the rank of colonel general has not been awarded since 2020, it remains with its current bearers until they receive the military rank of general. Despite the fact that the military rank of colonel-general was withdrawn from circulation, after the next version of the order, the insignia of this rank were indicated. A colonel general has shoulder straps with four four-rayed stars above the maces. To distinguish the holders of the rank of colonel general from the holders of the newly introduced rank of general (have the same number of stars on the shoulder straps), it was decided to apply different schemes of star placement. The stars on the shoulder straps of the generals are located along the axis of the shoulder strap, and the stars of the colonel generals are arranged in a diamond.

Equivalent to the ranks of colonel general and general in the navy is the rank of admiral. Until 2020, the ranks of colonel general and admiral were denoted by three stars. Since 2020, the ranks of general, colonel general and admiral have become four-star ranks (with existing colonel generals slotted below generals of the Armed Forces).

Insignia of the rank of colonel general, Ukraine:

United Kingdom
The title of colonel general was used before and during the English Civil War in both Royalist and Parliamentarian armies. In these cases, it often appears to have meant a senior colonel as opposed to a senior general.

Colonel generals' insignia

See also
 Lieutenant colonel general
List of colonel generals

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links
 Biographies of German army generalobersten
 Biographies of Luftwaffe generalobersten
 Biographies of Austro-Hungarian generalobersten of WWI ()

Colonel generals
Military ranks

Colonel general


Silvester San is a bishop in Denpasar, Indonesia, since 2008.

Biography
San Silvester was born in Mauponggo, Nagekeo Regency, Flores, on August 14, 1961. He was the son of Roben Robo (father) and Katharina No'o Nore (mother). He graduated from the SDK Maukeli, Seminary High St. John Berkmans Todabelu Mataloko Ngada (SMP-SMA), Philosophy of Catholic High School (STFK) Ledalero Maumere, and was ordained a priest of the archdiocese of Ende on July 29, 1988 by Msgr. Donatus Djagom, SVD, Archbishop of Ende.

After his ordination as a priest, he was assigned as assistant parish priest of the Holy Spirit, and taught at the Mataloko Todabelu seminary. In 1990 he studied at the Pontifical Urbaniana University in Rome, specializing in Biblical Theology. and in 1992 earned his licentiate with the thesis of "The Mercy of God in the Parables of Luke 15". After becoming coach of the seminarians and teaching at Maumere Ritapiret STFK Ledalero from 1992 to 1995, he returned to university and earned his doctorate at Urbaniarum Biblical Theology in 1997 with a dissertation on "The Experience of the Risen Lord in Luke 24:1 -35". In 1998 he returned to Indonesia and became a staff coach at the Ritapiret Seminary and a teacher at STFK Ledalero. In 2004 he was appointed Praeser at Ritapiret Seminary.

San Silvester was appointed Bishop of Denpasar by Pope Benedict XVI as published by the Holy See on November 22, 2008.

References

External links
 Uskup Baru Denpasar (indonesian)
 (indonesian)

Indonesian people of Chinese descent
1961 births
Living people
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in Indonesia
Indonesian Cantonese people
People from Nagekeo Regency
Religion in Bali

Sylvester Tung Kiem San


Leeswood () is a village, community and electoral ward in Flintshire, Wales, about four miles from the historic market town of Mold. At the 2001 census, the population was 2,143, reducing slightly to 2,135 at the 2011 census.

It was the centre of attention during the Mold Riot of 1869, where the owners of the mine refused to allow the speaking of the Welsh language in the mines.

Around a quarter of Leeswood's resident population has some knowledge of the Welsh language, exceeding the county's average of 21.4%. In all categories of linguistic competency, the ward performs around the Flintshire average, although the proportion of those able only to understand spoken Welsh is higher than the county and national average.

The famous White Gates of Leeswood Hall were attributed to the Davies brothers of Wrexham. The family of smiths were known in the 18th century for their high-quality work using wrought-iron.

The Wynne baronets were later to live in Leeswood Hall around the middle of the 18th century. The family history of the baronets can be traced to the lineage of Welsh kings and princes, as well as Owain Glyndŵr.

References

External links

 Photos of Leeswood and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk

Villages in Flintshire

Leeswood


The University of Maine (UMaine) is a public land-grant research university in Orono, Maine. It was established in 1865 as the land-grant college of Maine and is the flagship university of the University of Maine System. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

With an enrollment of approximately 11,500 students, UMaine is the state's largest college or university. The University of Maine's athletic teams, nicknamed the Black Bears, are Maine's only Division I athletics program. Maine's men's ice hockey team has won two national championships.

History

The University of Maine was founded in 1862 as a function of the Morrill Act, signed by President Abraham Lincoln. Established in 1865 as the Maine State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, the college opened on September 21, 1868, and changed its name to the University of Maine in 1897.

By 1871, curricula had been organized in Agriculture, Engineering, and electives. The Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station was founded as a division of the university in 1887. Gradually the university developed the Colleges of Life Sciences and Agriculture (later to include the School of Forest Resources and the School of Human Development), Engineering and Science, and Arts and Sciences. In 1912 the Maine Cooperative Extension, which offers field educational programs for both adults and youths, was initiated. The School of Education was established in 1930 and received college status in 1958. The School of Business Administration was formed in 1958 and was granted college status in 1965. Women have been admitted into all curricula since 1872. The first master's degree was conferred in 1881; the first doctor's degree in 1960. Since 1923 there has been a separate graduate school.

Near the end of the 19th century, the university expanded its curriculum to place greater emphasis on liberal arts. As a result of this shift, faculty hired during the early 20th century included Caroline Colvin, chair of the history department and the nation's first woman to head a major university department.

In 1906, The Senior Skull Honor Society was founded to "publicly recognize, formally reward, and continually promote outstanding leadership and scholarship, and exemplary citizenship within the University of Maine community."

On April 16, 1925, 80 women met in Balentine Hall  faculty, alumnae, and undergraduate representatives  to plan a pledging of members to an inaugural honorary organization. This organization was called "The All Maine Women" because only those women closely connected with the University of Maine were elected as members. On April 22, 1925, the new members were inducted into the honor society.

When the University of Maine System was incorporated, in 1968, the school was renamed by the legislature over the objections of the faculty to the University of Maine at Orono (known informally as "U.M.O."). This was changed back to the University of Maine in 1986, when the "U.M.O." moniker was also abandoned and replaced officially with "UMaine" as the informal title with which to reference the Orono campus.

Organization and administration
The University of Maine is the flagship of the University of Maine System. The president of the university is Joan Ferrini-Mundy. The senior administration governs cooperatively with the chancellor of the University of Maine system, Dannel Malloy, and the sixteen members of the University of Maine Board of Trustees (of which fifteen are appointed by the governor of Maine and one is the current Maine state commissioner of education). The Board of Trustees has full legal responsibility and authority for the university system. It appoints the chancellor and each university president, approves the establishment and elimination of academic programs, confers tenure on faculty members, and sets tuition rates and operating budgets.

UMaine is also one of a handful of colleges in the United States whose Student Government is incorporated. Student Government was formed in 1978 and incorporated in 1987. It is classified as a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation. It consists of a legislative branch, which passes resolutions, and an executive branch, which helps organize on-campus entertainment and guest speakers, works with new and existing student organizations, and performs other duties. Other organizations fall under the umbrella of Student Government Inc., including representative boards, community associations, and many other student groups. The Maine Campus, the student newspaper, is also incorporated and does not operate under or receive money from student government.

Campus

Location and layout

Situated on Marsh Island, between the Penobscot and Stillwater rivers, the University of Maine is the nation's only land grant university (other than the University of Hawaiʻi) on an island. Occupying the small city of Orono, population ~9,500, the  campus has an enrollment (2012–2013) of 10,901 students. The campus has thirty-seven academic buildings, thirty administrative buildings, eighteen residence halls, eighteen specific laboratory facilities, fourteen Greek life houses, ten sports facilities, five museums, two dining facilities, two convenience stores, a student union, a cafe, a pub, an  state of the art recreation and fitness center, and a 200'x200' air supported athletic/recreational dome.

In 1867, the university rejected a campus plan by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, who designed Central Park in New York City and the White House grounds in Washington, D.C. The plan's broad concepts, including the Front Lawn, were nevertheless adopted during the school's first fifty years, and were oriented toward the Stillwater River. A second master plan was produced in 1932 by Carl Rust Parker of the Olmsted Brothers firm, which reoriented the campus center to the Mall, an open grassy area between the Raymond H. Fogler Library and the Memorial Gym. The Mall is further bordered by one residence and five academic halls.

The campus is essentially divided into three sections (northern, southern, and hilltop), all of which are near or border the Mall. The northern section includes many of the athletic facilities, including the Alfond Arena (basketball, hockey), Morse Field at the Alfond Sports Stadium (football, track and field), Larry Mahaney Diamond (baseball), Kessock Field (softball), the Field Hockey Complex (field hockey), and the Mahaney athletic/recreational dome. Other buildings on the northern section include the Cutler Health Center, two administrative halls, three residence halls, and multiple academic halls.

The southern section of campus includes the Memorial Student Union, the Maynard F. Jordan Observatory, Lengyel Gymnasium and Athletic Field, the Buchanan Alumni House, as well as multiple administrative, residence, and academic halls. The recently renovated Collins Center for the Arts is also on the southern part of campus, and not only provides the Hutchins Concert Hall, a 1,435-seat venue for performing artists from around the world, but also houses the Hudson Museum, known for its contemporary Native American art, as well as displays that are culturally specific to the indigenous people of Maine. The Hilltop section of campus is populated largely with residence halls but also includes the  Lyle E. Littlefield Ornamental Gardens, as well as academic and recreational facilities. The campus is also designated as an arboretum.

The pre-1915 core of the campus, covering its earliest period of development, was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978; this was expanded to include the second major phase of development (through the end of World War II) in 2010.

Ambulance Service

The University of Maine operates the "University Volunteer Ambulance Corps," an Ambulance service fully licensed by the State of Maine. The service is operated by students and staff of the university. UVAC's ambulances are available to respond to emergencies on campus and can also provide mutual aid to many surrounding towns and agencies. The service ensures a licensed Emergency Medical Technician is sent on every call. The service has two ambulances both equipped to provide Paramedic Level care. UVAC responds to approximately 500 calls per school year.

Greek life
Greek life has existed at the University of Maine since 1874. Approximately 14% of University of Maine undergraduates are members of Greek letter organizations.

Fraternities

Alpha Delta
Alpha Gamma Rho
Alpha Sigma Phi
Alpha Tau Omega
Beta Theta Pi
Delta Tau Delta
Iota Nu Kappa
Kappa Kappa Psi
Kappa Sigma
Lambda Chi Alpha
Phi Gamma Delta
Phi Kappa Sigma
Pi Kappa Phi
Sigma Chi
Sigma Pi
Sigma Phi Epsilon
Tau Kappa Epsilon
Theta Chi

Sororities

Alpha Omicron Pi
Alpha Phi
Chi Omega
Delta Delta Delta
Delta Phi Epsilon
Delta Zeta
Phi Mu
Pi Beta Phi

Sustainability
The University of Maine is one of 16 colleges and universities listed in Princeton Review's "Green Honor Roll" (2011). Several of the nation's leading research universities, including Virginia Tech, Georgia Tech, Oregon State, Arizona State and the University of Washington are also on that prestigious list, as are Harvard and Northeastern. Recognizing schools for their commitment to sustainability, the Green Honor Roll lists only those 16 institutions that received the highest possible score on The Princeton Review green rating. The guide lauds UMaine for its recycling programs, green-certified buildings and free shuttle bus service. It also notes the fact UMaine has a sustainability coordinator, a sustainability council, and "Eco Reps" in its residence halls.

University of Maine has a sustainability council made up of students, faculty, administrators, staff and a full-time sustainability coordinator. A green loan fund provides capital for energy efficiency and renewable energy investments. The university has committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2040, and two residential-scale solar thermal systems are in place on Nutting Hall and Sebec House. The University of Maine composts food scraps from dining facilities, and York Dining Hall has gone trayless to reduce waste. For all new campus construction, LEED Silver standards are required. The Blue Bike program refurbishes abandoned bikes and rents them to students free of charge, providing a means of alternative transportation on and around-campus.

Dining services
The campus has two dining halls, Hilltop and York, and the Bear's Den Café & Pub in Memorial Union. Wells Dining Hall closed in fall 2022 due to a decrease in student enrollment. In 2022, the university signed a contract to outsource campus dining services to Sodexo beginning on July 1, 2023.  Sodexo provides food service at Maine's six other public universities. The deal requires Sodexo to pay the university a $3 million signing bonus and invest $7 million in dining hall improvements. Sodexo announced that it would add to the campus a food truck, a coffee shop and an autonomous market located in the Wells Dining Hall.

In fall 2023, the university deployed robots called Kiwibots to deliver food to students across campus. In 2016, after the university was asked to offer more vegan choices by a student group, the university dining halls switched from using a conventional mayonnaise to using an egg-free, vegan mayonnaise, and food services department officials said it helped the university lower the campus environmental footprint.

The Black Bear Exchange is the campus food pantry open three days a week. The pantry is supported by the Good Shepherd Food Bank, donations, and food drives.

The Maine Campus
Founded in 1875, The Maine Campus is a weekly newspaper produced by students. It covers university and Town of Orono events. The Campus is a direct-funded student organization and is not under the purview of student government. Stephen King wrote a weekly column for the Campus in the 1970s and also published short stories such as Slade in the newspaper.

Academics

The University of Maine offers more than 90 undergraduate major programs organized in five colleges: the College of Education and Human Development; the College of Engineering; the Honors College; the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences; and the College of Natural Sciences, Forestry and Agriculture. UMaine also is home to one of the nation's oldest honors programs, now called the Honors College. The Honors College offers academically qualified students an opportunity for intensive, interdisciplinary study. Students are invited to become part of the Honors College during the admissions review process. UMaine also offers a wide array of graduate programs, including more than seventy master's degree programs and thirty doctorate programs.

The University of Maine is one of only a handful of institutions to offer a combined developmental/clinical PhD to students accepted into their clinical psychology PhD program, as well as advanced degrees with distinct concentrations in developmental psychology, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and behavioral neuroscience. The University of Maine has a strong commitment to developing the next generation of neuroscience researchers and educators, thus along with offering a PhD in psychological science with a concentration in behavioral neuroscience, they also offer a neuroscience concentration for PhD students studying biomedical science.

It is the only institution in Maine ranked as a national university in the U.S. News & World Report annual rankings. U.S. News categorizes UMaine as an institution that offers "a full range of undergraduate majors, master's, and doctoral degrees."

UMaine is one of only four institutions in Maine (along with Bowdoin, Bates, and Colby) accredited to award membership into the Phi Beta Kappa honor society.

The university is also the birthplace of the Phi Kappa Phi honor society, recognizing high academic achievement across all disciplines.

The Raymond H. Fogler Library is the largest in Maine and serves as one of its intellectual hubs, attracting scholars, professors, and researchers from around the state. A collection of rare and ancient manuscripts, as well as about two million government publications, augment the university's collection. The Special Collections Unit includes the Stephen King (author and UMaine alumnus) papers, which attract researchers from across the globe.

UMaine hosts the Intensive English Institute, an English as a second language program designed to help students develop their English language skills for success in school, business, and social communication. Due to budget cuts during the COVID-19 pandemic, the IEI was discontinued as of May 31, 2020.

The University of Maine is also home to the Maine Business School, the largest business school in the state. Paris-based international educational consulting organization Eduniversal has included the Maine Business School at the University of Maine among its selection of 1,000 of the world's best business schools, ranking it as an "excellent business school-nationally strong and/or with continental links." In 2011, U.S. News & World Report ranked the Maine Business School among the nation's best business colleges

The Canadian-American Center, an institution that focuses on Canadian-American studies is based at the University of Maine.

Accreditation
The University of Maine is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education, and programmatically accredited by other accreditors including the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, the American Chemical Society, the American Dietetic Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education, the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education, the Computing Sciences Accreditation Board, the Council for the Advancement of Educator Preparation, the Council on Social Work Education, the National Association of Schools of Music, the National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration, the Society of American Foresters, and the Society of Wood Science and Technology.

Admissions
The fall 2018 admissions data are as follows:

Enrollment
In the fall of 2020, the university's enrollment consisted of:

8,870 undergraduate degree-seeking students
595 undergraduate non-degree students
2,121 graduate degree-seeking students
155 graduate non-degree students
9,110 full-time students
2,631 part-time students

Research
The University of Maine is one of the National Science Foundation's top 100 public universities for research. In FY10, UMaine exceeded $100 million in external expenditures for research, 86% of which was federal funding. Leading sectors of the university in generating external support are advanced materials, marine sciences, climate change, environmental studies, forestry, precision manufacturing, and aquaculture. Undergraduate research is a priority at UMaine, and in 2008, the Center for Undergraduate Research was established to connect students with faculty projects that suit their interests.

UMaine Advanced Structures and Composites Center
The UMaine Advanced Structures and Composites Center, founded in 1996 with support from the National Science Foundation, provides research, education, and economic development encompassing material sciences, manufacturing and engineering of composites and structures. The center's research and development projects have included the VolturnUS 1:8, composite arch bridge system, and the Modular Ballistic Protection System (MBPS).

The center is the leading member of the DeepCwind Consortium, whose mission is to establish the State of Maine as a national leader in deepwater offshore wind technology.

Multisensory Interactive Media Lab
Founded in 2018, the Multisensory Interactive Media Lab (MIM Lab) is moving into an era of 'Internet of Everything,' in which everything and everyone will be digitally embedded and connected. In the MIM Lab of the University of Maine, academic researchers develop novel enabling technologies to explore the immense potential for the communication of our experiences – shifting focus from the current age of information towards a new age of experience. Many of their research works try to answer a fundamental question "How can we move beyond traditional visual- and auditory-based digital interfaces to form immersive sensory rich interactions in the context of real-world, augmented or virtual experiences?".

UMaine Deepwater Offshore Wind Test Site at Monhegan Island
The University of Maine was granted an ocean energy demonstration site through state legislation in 2009. The site, known as the UMaine Deepwater Offshore Wind Test Site, is available for use by commercial and non-commercial entities in partnership with the university to research and develop ocean energy devices, such as floating wind turbines or wave energy converters.

Forest Land Resources
The University of Maine is responsible for over  of land across Maine which is used for research and recreation. Among the most prominent are: Aroostook Farm, (Presque Isle, Maine); Bear Brook Watershed, (Hancock County, Maine); Dwight B. Demeritt Forest, (Orono, Maine / Old Town, Maine); Fay Hyland Bog, (Orono / Veazie, Maine); and Hirundo Wildlife Refuge, (Old Town, Maine).

Bureau of Labor Education
The Bureau of Labor Education at the University of Maine in August 1966 with funds appropriated by the Maine Legislature. Its mission is to ensure that "appropriate and specialized educational programs (be made) available to members of the Maine labor force, both organized and unorganized." Historian Charles Scontras has been affiliated with the BLE since its founding with his first book being published also in 1966.

Climate Change Institute

The University of Maine Climate Change Institute dates to 1973 and the founding of the Institute for Quaternary Studies. In 2002, it was renamed. Polar explorer, climate scientist, and glaciologist Paul Mayewski is the institute's director.

The institute has made numerous scientific discoveries, including mapping the difference between climate during the Ice Age and during modern times, connecting acid rain to human causes in the 1980s, and finding that the climate can change abruptly through analysis of ice core samples from Greenland.

The institute maintains the Climate Reanalyzer, a website that provides data visualization tools based on climate and weather datasets from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other meteorological organizations.

Athletics

The University of Maine participates in the NCAA's Division I level, and is a member of the Colonial Athletic Association for football, Hockey East for ice hockey, and the America East Conference for all other sports. The school has won two national championships, both in men's ice hockey. In 1993, they defeated Lake Superior State University 5–4 behind a third period hat trick by Jim Montgomery. In 1999, they defeated rival University of New Hampshire 3–2 in overtime on a goal by Marcus Gustafsson.

In 1965, the football team competed in the Tangerine Bowl in Orlando, Florida against East Carolina. They were beaten in the game 31–0, but remain the only team from Maine to compete in a bowl contest. In the 2018 season they went to the FCS Semifinal, eventually losing to Eastern Washington.

The baseball team has participated in seven College World Series, six of them under coach John Winkin between 1976 and 1986, and one under Jack Butterfield in 1964. The Black Bears achieved two third-place finishes in 1964 and 1982.

Although the official fight song of UMaine is "For Maine", the school's main spirit song is the better-known "Maine Stein Song". Written by Lincoln Colcord (words) and E. A. Fenstad (music), the tune rose to fame when singer Rudy Vallée arranged the current version. Vallee attended Maine from 1921 to 1922 before transferring to Yale, and his popularity helped make the song a national favorite. To this day, the "Stein Song" remains the only college fight song to ever reach number one on the pop charts, achieving this distinction in 1930. According to College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology, by Studwell and Schueneman, the "Stein Song" is one of the very best fight songs of all time.

In addition to varsity athletics, the university offers many club sports through its Campus Recreation department. Sport clubs represent UMaine by competing against teams and clubs from other universities and colleges. National governing bodies for each club provide competition guidelines and league structure.

Sport clubs are student-led and student-administered. Each has a budget that is run through Campus Recreation, which in part funds nearly all clubs. Clubs are eligible for funding through Campus Recreation after they have been active for at least one year and have a membership minimum of ten members. Current club sports include alpine skiing, baseball, crew, cricket, cycling, fastpitch softball, field hockey, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, Nordic skiing, roller hockey, rugby, shotokan karate, soccer, tennis, table tennis, tackle football, ultimate, and volleyball.

Notable alumni

See also
University of Maine School of Law

References

External links

1865 establishments in Maine
University of Maine
Educational institutions established in 1865
Land-grant universities and colleges
Botanical gardens in Maine
Forestry education
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine
Universities and colleges in Penobscot County, Maine
Flagship universities in the United States
National Register of Historic Places in Penobscot County, Maine
University of Maine

University of Maine


A promontory fort is a defensive structure located above a steep cliff. One is usually located above a steep cliff, often only connected to the mainland by a small neck of land. Most seem to date to the Iron Age. They are mainly found in Brittany, Ireland, the Orkney Islands, the Isle of Man, Devon and Cornwall.

Ireland

Only a few Irish promontory forts have been excavated and most date to the Iron Age, though some, like Dunbeg (County Kerry) might have originated in the Bronze Age. Others, like Dalkey Island (County Dublin) contain imported Eastern Mediterranean pottery and have been reoccupied and changed in the early medieval period.

Isle of Man
On the Isle of Man promontory forts are found particularly on the rocky slate headlands of the south.  Four out of more than 20 have been excavated and several, especially in Santon, can be visited using the Raad ny Foillan coastal footpath. All have a rampart on their vulnerable landward side, and excavations at Cronk ny Merriu have shown that access to the fort was via a strongly built gate.

The Scandinavians who arrived in the Isle of Man in the eighth and ninth centuries AD sometimes re-used these Iron Age promontory forts.

Devon & Cornwall

Promontory forts can be found all along the coast of Penwith. Maen Castle, near to Land's End is one of the oldest, having been dated to around 500 BC. They are also found in other districts, e.g. The Rumps near Padstow and Dodman Point on the southern Cornish coast as well as Rame Head close to Plymouth. In Devon, Burgh Island and Bolt Tail are located on the south coast and Embury Beacon and Hillsborough on the north coast.
The famous site at Tintagel may be a rare example of promontory fort whose occupation continued after the Romans and from there into later periods.

Brittany
Caesar's de Bello Gallico describes the Veneti in southern Armorica – a powerful sea-faring people allied with the southern British during the war of 56 BC – as living in clifftop oppida. Their capital was Darioritum  on the Morbihan bay, now modern Vannes/Gwened. The Veneti were linguistically British: they spoke Breton, which was derived from Cornish, and they once ruled Cornwall and Devon. They had close trade ties. When they were attacked by the Romans in Brittany, Julius Caesar reports that Cornwall sent them military aid.

References

 Nancy Edwards, The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland (London, Batsford 1990).
 Manx National Heritage - Promontory Forts
 Cronk ny Merriu MNH
 Maen Castle Retrieved 14 May 2007.

Other websites
Pretanic World - Chart of Neolithic, Bronze Age and Celtic Stone Structures

Buildings and structures in Northern Ireland
Isle of Man
Forts

Promontory fort


A Landmark decision, or Landmark court decision, establishes new precedents that establish a significant new legal principle or concept. Or it changes the interpretation of existing law. In Commonwealth countries, a reported decision is said to be a leading decision. This is when it has come to be generally regarded as settling the law of the question involved.

A landmark decision is "a most important case which has establish a law firmly in an area, usually referring to a U.S. Supreme Court case." A landmark decision may have either long-term or short-term significance. Politics, economics or other changes in society may reduce the effects of a landmark decision. A landmark decision is one that changes an entire area of the law during a period of time.

The United States Constitution did not provide for judicial review of laws and court decisions. It was a power the US Supreme court assumed (took) for itself with its first landmark decision. In the decision Marbury v. Madison (1803) the court established its "power to say what the law is". The court gave itself the right to interpret the constitution.

References

United States Supreme Court cases
United States law

Landmark decision


In Western musical notation, a dotted note is a note with a small dot written after it. In modern practice, the first dot increases the duration of the basic note by half (the original note with an extra beam) of its original value. This means that a dotted note is equivalent to writing the basic note tied to a note of half the value – for instance, a dotted half note is equivalent to a half note tied to a quarter note. Subsequent dots add progressively halved value, as shown in the example to the right.

The use of dotted notes dates back at least to the 10th century, but the exact amount of lengthening a dot provides in early music contexts may vary. Mensural notation uses a dot of division to clarify ambiguities about its context-dependent interpretation of rhythmic values, sometimes alongside the dot of augmentation as described above. In the gregorian chant editions of Solesmes, a dot is typically interpreted as a doubling of length (see also Neume).

A pattern using longer notes alternating with shorter notes is sometimes called a dotted rhythm, whether or not it is written as such. Historical examples of music performance practices using unequal rhythms include notes inégales and swing. The precise performance of dotted rhythms can be a complex issue. Even in notation that employs dots, their performed values may be longer or shorter than the dot mathematically indicates, practices known as over-dotting or under-dotting.

Notation
If the note to be dotted is on a space, the dot also goes on the space, while if the note is on a line, the dot goes on the space above (this also goes for notes on ledger lines).

The placement of dots gets more complicated for adjacent-note chords and for lower voices, as shown below.

The dots on dotted notes, which are located to the right of the note, should not be confused with the dots for staccato articulation, which are located above or below the note.

Theoretically, any note value can be dotted, as can rests of any value. If the rest is in its normal position, dots are always placed in third staff space from the bottom, as shown in the example below. The dotted rests are very common in simple meters, but also necessary in compound ones, as shown in the example below.

In Baroque music, dotted notation was sometimes used to indicate triplet rhythms when it seemed obvious.

Dots can be used across barlines, such as in H. C. Robbins Landon's edition of Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 70 in D major, but most writers today regard this usage as obsolete and recommend using a tie across the barline instead.

Double dotting

A double-dotted note is a note with two small dots written after it. Its duration is  times its basic note value. The double-dotted note is used less frequently than the dotted note. Typically, as in the example to the right, it is followed by a note whose duration is one-quarter the length of the basic note value, completing the next higher note value. Before the mid-18th century, double dots were not used. Until then, in some circumstances, single dots could mean double dots.

In a French overture (and sometimes other Baroque music), notes written as dotted notes are often interpreted to mean double-dotted notes, and the following note is commensurately shortened; see Historically informed performance.

Triple dotting

A triple-dotted note is a note with three dots written after it; its duration is  times its basic note value. Use of a triple-dotted note value is not common in the Baroque and Classical periods, but quite common in the music of Richard Wagner and Anton Bruckner, especially in their brass parts.

An example of the use of double- and triple-dotted notes is in Frédéric Chopin's Prelude in G major for piano, Op. 28, No. 3. The piece, in common time (), contains running semiquavers (sixteenth notes) in the left hand. Several times during the piece Chopin asks for the right hand to play a triple-dotted minim (half note), lasting 15 semiquavers, simultaneously with the first left-hand semiquaver, then one semiquaver simultaneously with the 16th left-hand semiquaver.

Beyond three
Though theoretically possible, a note with more than three dots is highly uncommon; only quadruple dots have been attested. If the original note is considered as being of length 1, then a quintuple dot would only be 1/32 longer than the quadruple dotted note. The difficulty may be seen by comparing dotted notation to tied notation: a quarter note () is equivalent to 2 tied eighth notes (), a dotted quarter = 3 tied eighth notes, double dotted = 7 tied sixteenth notes (), triple dotted = 15 tied thirty-second notes (), and quadruple dotted = 31 tied sixty-fourth notes (). Although shorter notes do occur, sixty-fourth notes are considered the shortest practical duration found in musical notation.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Base note duration = 1
|-
|
! Undotted
! 1 dot
! 2 dots
! 3 dots
! 4 dots
|-
! Lengthens
| N/A ()
|
|
|
|
|-
! Decimal result
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Fractional result
|
|
|
|
|
|}

Other contexts
The journalist and editor of The Musical Times, Frederick George Edwards, used the pseudonym "Dotted Crochet". Under this name he wrote "educationally suggestive interviews with musical celebrities", as well as articles about "cathedrals, churches, and educational institutions".

See also
Tuplet

Notes and references
Notes

References

Sources

External links

 "Learn to Read Drum Music – Part 6 – Dotted Notes Explained", thenewdrummer.com

Note values

Dotted note


"Celebrity" is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley. It was released in March 2003 as the first single from his album, Mud on the Tires. The song reached the top five of the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, peaking at number three. It also peaked at number 31 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100.

Content
The song displays a humorous perspective on show business and the many problems that current entertainers endure, along with the notion that anyone can be famous as a result of reality television programs.

Music video
The song's music video begins with a parody of the Fox TV series American Idol, which aired from 2002 to 2016, and the parody is called "Celebrity Icon", in which William Shatner plays a Simon Cowell style judge who becomes very critical of Paisley during his performance. The video features various parodies of reality TV shows, such as a parody of Fear Factor, which is called "Scare Tactic", in which Paisley is eating a plate of earthworms; a parody of The Bachelor, where Trista Rehn chooses the late Little Jimmy Dickens over Paisley as her match; and a sitcom called "The Brad Paisley Show", where Jim Belushi makes a cameo appearance. Scenes also included Paisley driving his car, a Ferrari.

The video also parodies specific tabloid targets, such as Michael Jackson. In one instance, Paisley is wearing a surgical mask as Jackson was known to do walking down the street with two masked children, played by Taylor Atelian along with co-star Billi Bruno from According to Jim, similar to the scene in the Martin Bashir documentary Living with Michael Jackson. The video also has an appearance by Jason Alexander, who plays George Costanza on the long-running NBC sitcom Seinfeld, in which he appears as himself at a Starbucks (actually filmed at The Coffee Fix in Studio City), who steals a pastry and makes a scene with the coffee shop manager and employee over a "mocha soy latte". The last scene of the video shows Paisley stopping his car, where a man (Shatner) in the sunglasses comes in, claims it his car, and he asks Paisley about getting into the second gear. And then, Paisley finishes his song, where Shatner tells him that his performance was horrible, and how he (Shatner) enjoys when the song is over; a dejected Paisley then walks off the stage.

The music video was directed by Peter Zavadil and premiered on April 10, 2003 on CMT. It was filmed over a period of 5 days in LA and Studio City, CA.

Personnel
Randle Currie - steel guitar
Eric Darken - percussion
Kevin "Swine" Grantt - bass guitar
Wes Hightower - background vocals
Brad Paisley - lead vocals, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, 12 string guitar,  Tic tac bass, mandolin
Ben Sesar - drums
Justin Williamson - fiddle

Chart performance
"Celebrity" debuted at number 56 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of March 22, 2003. "Celebrity" spent twenty-nine weeks on the Billboard country singles charts, reaching a peak of number 3 in the middle of the year and holding that position for four weeks.

Year-end charts

In popular culture
The song appears on the game Karaoke Revolution Country.

The song was performed by Blake Shelton and The Swon Brothers on the finale of NBC's The Voice in 2013.

Parodies
American parody artist Cledus T. Judd released 3 parodies of "Celebrity" titled "Martie, Emily & Natalie", "Natalie", and "Toby vs. Natalie" on his 2003 album The Original Dixie Hick.

References

2003 singles
2003 songs
Brad Paisley songs
Songs written by Brad Paisley
Music videos directed by Peter Zavadil
Song recordings produced by Frank Rogers (record producer)
Arista Nashville singles
Songs about fame

Celebrity (Brad Paisley song)


Juniper J series is a line of enterprise routers designed and manufactured by Juniper Networks. They are modular routers for enterprises running desktops, servers, VoIP, CRM / ERP / SCM applications. The J Series routers are typically deployed at remote offices or branch locations. These Services routers include the J2320 and J2350 for smaller offices, the J4350 for medium-size branches, and the J6350 for large branches or regional offices.

Platform development history

Juniper began working on J series in the middle of the telecom downturn (2002), while looking for ways to extend its product portfolio. The main idea behind the new product line was to create the cost-optimized routing system that could utilize increasingly powerful general-purpose CPUs and operate under fully-fledged, multi-threaded OS. This was a major departure from "traditional" branch router design, which dictated the use of low-end RISC CPUs working under simplified operating system with marginal multitasking and memory protection capabilities. The first iteration of J-series design was based on high-end Intel CPUs and featured Intel IXP-based interface cards running over PCI bus. Later models added PCI Express connectivity as well as specialized Cavium security processors. From the software perspective, the J series runs JUNOS with a real-time extensions for the forwarding plane function. This unique architecture allows J-series routers to avoid the "resource starvation" problem commonly seen on legacy software forwarding platforms.

Models and platforms

The J series of routers includes the models such as J2320, J2350, J4350 and J6350. The initial models were J2300, J4300 and J6300 routers.

J2320

The J2320 routers are entry level service routers which gives up to 600 Mbit/s throughput performance, has four built-in Gigabit Ethernet ports. It has three PIM slots for additional LAN/WAN connectivity, Avaya VoIP Gateway, and WAN acceleration. They are used for one or two broadband, T1, or E1 interfaces with integrated services.

J2350

The J2350 router which has four built-in Gigabit Ethernet ports, gives up to 700 Mbit/s performance. It gives five PIM slots. They are usually used for multiple broadband, T1, or E1 interfaces with multiple integrated services.

J4350

The J4350 enterprise router gives up to 1 Gbit/s in performance. They are usually used for DS3, E3, and Metro Ethernet interfaces with integrated services. It has six PIM slots. Two of these slots are enhanced-performance slots that provide additional performance to multiple Gigabit Ethernet configurations.

J6350

The J6350 gives up to 2 Gbit/s in performance. It has six PIM slots for additional LAN/WAN connectivity, Avaya VoIP Gateway, and WAN acceleration. These routers have optional redundant power supplies for high system availability.

Features
The J-series routers run on Juniper's network operating system, JUNOS. These routers have 4 on-board GigE ports and expandable WAN and LAN interfaces via pluggable modules. They have a wide range of interfaces supporting Serial, T1/E1, FE, DS3/E3, ISDN, ADSL2/2+, G.SHDSL and Gigabit Ethernet and a wide array of Layer 2 access protocols including Frame Relay, Ethernet and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)/HDLC. Other features includes Network Address Translation (NAT),  and J-Flow accounting and advanced services such as IPv6, MPLS, Stateful firewall, quality of service, multicast, VPN, security services and IPSec. Juniper partnered with Avaya to deliver packet voice functionality.

J-series routers directly benefit from modular and fault-protected software design of the JUNOS operating system. Unlike traditional enterprise routers, each software module in the JUNOS operating system runs independently and therefore cannot impact other processes. The unique, generalized JUNOS architecture provides complete separation of the routing and packet forwarding engines in platforms with both hardware and software forwarding planes.
Even under DDoS attack, J-series routers retain complete control over system operation, allowing console-connected operator to add new filters and policies in order to mitigate the threat. Parts of J-series technology were later reused in SRX series products.

References

External links
 http://www.juniper.net/us/en/products-services/routing/j-series/

Juniper Networks
Routers (computing)

Juniper J series


John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough (died 1642) was an English peer.

Life
He was the eldest son of Henry Mordaunt, 4th Baron Mordaunt, a Roman Catholic kept for a year in the Tower of London on suspicion of complicity in the Gunpowder Plot, who died in 1610. The widow, Lady Margaret, daughter of Henry Compton, 1st Baron Compton, also a Catholic, was deprived by James I of the custody of her child John. He was made a ward of Archbishop George Abbot, and educated at Oxford.

Taken to court by the king, who was struck by his beauty and intelligence, John was made a K.B. on the occasion of Prince Charles being created Prince of Wales, 3 November 1616, and was remitted an unpaid fine of £10,000 which had been imposed on his father. By Charles I, he was created Earl of Peterborough, by letters patent of 9 March 1628.

On the outbreak of the First English Civil War he adhered to the parliament, and held the commission of general of the ordnance under the Earl of Essex, but he died of consumption, on 18 June 1642. By his wife Elizabeth, daughter of William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham, he left two sons: Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough and John, afterwards Lord Mordaunt of Reigate and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon; and a daughter, Elizabeth, who married Thomas, son and heir to Edward Howard, 1st Lord Howard of Escrick. Lady Peterborough was a noted beauty but was also famed for piety: she was a close friend of James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh, who spent his last years in her house. She died in 1671.

References

1642 deaths
Knights of the Bath
Lord-Lieutenants of Northamptonshire
Roundheads
Year of birth unknown
17th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Earls of Peterborough
Tuberculosis deaths in England
5

John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough


Brian Keith "Herbie" Flowers (born 19 May 1938) is an English musician specialising in electric bass, double bass and tuba. He is noted as a member of Blue Mink, T. Rex and Sky.

Flowers has contributed to recordings by Elton John (Tumbleweed Connection, Madman Across the Water), Camel (tuba on Nude), David Bowie (Space Oddity, Diamond Dogs), Lou Reed (Transformer, including the prominent bass line of "Walk on the Wild Side"), Melanie (Candles in the Rain),Roy Harper (Bullinamingvase), David Essex (Rock On), Al Kooper (New York City (You're a Woman)), Bryan Ferry (The Bride Stripped Bare), Harry Nilsson (Nilsson Schmilsson, Son of Schmilsson), Cat Stevens (New Masters, Foreigner),  Paul McCartney (Give My Regards to Broad Street), George Harrison (Somewhere in England, Gone Troppo, Brainwashed) and Ringo Starr (Stop and Smell the Roses). He also played bass on Jeff Wayne's Musical Version of The War of the Worlds.

By the end of the 1970s, Flowers had played bass on an estimated 500 hit recordings.

Life and career
Flowers was born in Isleworth, Middlesex, England. He began his musical training in 1956 when conscripted into the Royal Air Force, electing at first to serve for nine years as a bandsman playing tuba. He took up double bass as a second instrument to secure his "junior technician" stripe and later moved to electric bass. After completing his military service he passed through the line-ups of several Dixieland jazz bands in the early 1960s, then discovered modern jazz. In 1965 he was engaged as a bandsman on the ocean liner Queen Elizabeth. After hearing an electric bass at a New York nightclub, he acquired his own solid-body electric instrument, a Lake Placid Blue 1960 Fender Jazz Bass that he purchased from Manny's Music in New York City for $79.

Later in the 1960s, Flowers began to acquire his reputation as a session player, working for record producers such as Shel Talmy, Mickie Most, Steve Rowland, Richard Perry, Gus Dudgeon and Tony Visconti.

In 1969, Flowers was a founding member of the group Blue Mink, playing on their song "Melting Pot" which reached No. 3 in the UK Singles Chart, and early heavy rock band Rumplestiltskin. He was also a member of CCS and the final lineup of T. Rex, along with Dino Dines.

In 1979, shortly after taking part in the annual A Song For Europe contest, performing "Mr Moonlight" with his group, the Daisies, he became a co-founder of the band Sky which had success in the United Kingdom and Australia.

Flowers is also known for having composed the novelty hit "Grandad" for Clive Dunn in 1970. According to Flowers, he came up with it after following an easy primer book on composing. All he needed was a hook, and he was struggling to come up with anything. He telephoned a friend, Ken Pickett, who came round, ringing the doorbell, and the sound of the doorbell provided the hook he needed.

Perhaps Flowers' most famous bass line is the one he created for Lou Reed's "Walk on the Wild Side" from the album Transformer (1972), the only song by Reed to reach the Top 20 in the US.

He played and recorded with Marc Bolan from late 1976 until Bolan's death, in September 1977, and also appeared with him on the Marc television series in 1977.

Following Sky's demise in the early 1990s, Flowers has spent most of his time playing jazz. He has also worked as a bass guitar teacher at Ardingly College and leads many "Rockshops" at schools, helping young people to create and perform their own songs, as well as covering many others.

In 1998, session drummer Peter Boita again teamed up with Flowers to form a rhythm section in musical settings of the words of poet Sir John Betjeman on a second album they recorded together. The album was called Betjeman & Read. They had previously worked together on the Poetry in Motion album (released on Silhouette Records as MDKR 1), which also consisted of settings of Betjeman's It featuring Boita and Flowers playing with a line-up of artists that included David Essex, Justin Hayward, Steve Harley, Donovan, Alvin Stardust, Captain Sensible and Annie Haslam amongst others with Beatles' producer George Martin overseeing proceedings. Boita and Flowers reprised their roles when Poetry in Motion was performed live for a charity show at the Richmond Theatre on 5 April 1992. Betjeman & Read was one of the last albums recorded at the RG Jones Recording studio in Wimbledon. The vocal artists performing on this album include Cliff Richard, Marc Almond, Paul Young, Jon Anderson, Colin Blunstone, Gene Pitney, Leo Sayer, Donovan, Mike Read, the Rodolfus Choir and David Essex.

In September 2009, Flowers founded a community choir, Shoreham Singers-by-Sea, which has in excess of 150 members, followed in September 2010, by the Ditchling Singers.

Solo discography

Albums
1975: Plant Life (Philips)
1980: A Little Potty (EMI)
1981: Herbie's Stuff (KPM)
2012: A Jazz Breakfast (HF15)

Singles
1970: "Lincoln County" (Polydor)
1973: "Tramp" / "Flanker" (Polydor)
1975: "Mouth" / "Hi! It's Herbie Flowers" (Philips)
1975: "Dancing at Danny's" / "Mathematics" (Philips)
1977: "Jubilee" / "News" (EMI)
1978: "Don't Take My Bass Away" / "I Want to Be with You" (EMI)
1979: "Mr. Moonlight" / "I Want to Be with You" (EMI)
1980: "The Whale" / "Just for You" (EMI)
1980: "Burlington Bertie (Tramp)" / "Big George" (EMI)
1981: "Tuba Smarties" / "The Bathroom Song" (Ariola)
1983: "I Love 'er" / "Meet Me on The Corner" (Magic)

Collaborations
With David Bowie
 David Bowie (Mercury Records, 1969)
 Diamond Dogs (RCA Records, 1974)

With Sam Brown
 43 Minutes (All At Once Records, 1993)
 Of the Moment (Pod Music, 2007)

With Roger Daltrey
 McVicar (Polydor Records, 1980)

With David Essex
 Rock On (Columbia Records, 1973)
 David Essex (CBS Records, 1974)
 Imperial Wizard (Mercury Records, 1978)
 Silver Dream Racer (Mercury Records, 1980)
 Be-Bop the Future (Mercury Records, 1981)
 Stage - Struck (Mercury Records, 1982)
 This One's for You (Mercury Records, 1984)

With Bryan Ferry
 The Bride Stripped Bare (EG Records, 1978)

With Albert Hammond
 Al Otro Lado Del Sol (Epic Records, 1979)

With Steve Harley
 Hobo with a Grin (EMI, 1978)
 Poetic Justice (Transatlantic Records, 1996)

With George Harrison
 Somewhere in England (Dark Horse Records, 1981)
 Gone Troppo (Dark Horse Records, 1982)
 Brainwashed (Dark Horse Records, 2002)

With Elton John
 Tumbleweed Connection (Uni, 1970)
 Madman Across the Water (Uni, 1971)
 A Single Man (Rocket, 1978)

With Al Kooper
 New York City (You're a Woman) (Columbia Records, 1971)
 A Possible Projection of the Future / Childhood's End (Columbia Records, 1972)

With Melanie
 Candles in the Rain (Buddah Records, 1970)

With Olivia Newton-John
 If Not for You (Festival Records, 1971)

With Harry Nilsson
 Nilsson Schmilsson (RCA Victor, 1971)

With Sally Oldfield
 Water Bearer (Bronze Records, 1978)
 Easy (Bronze Records, 1979)
 Celebration (Bronze Records, 1980)
 Playing in the Flame (Bronze Records, 1981)

With Lou Reed
 Transformer (RCA Records, 1972)

With Cliff Richard
 Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile (EMI, 1979)

With Tim Rose
 Love – A Kind of Hate Story (Capitol Records, 1970)

With Ringo Starr
 Stop and Smell the Roses (RCA Records, 1981)

With Cat Stevens
 Foreigner (Island Records, 1973)

With T. Rex
 Dandy in the Underworld (EMI, 1977)

With Jane Wiedlin
 Tangled (EMI, 1990)

References

External links
herbieflowers.com

1938 births
Living people
People from Isleworth
English bass guitarists
English male guitarists
Male bass guitarists
English double-bassists
English tubists
English male songwriters
Rock double-bassists
English session musicians
British jazz double-bassists
Male double-bassists
British male jazz musicians
Blue Mink members
English rock bass guitarists
CCS (band) members
T. Rex (band) members
Sky (English/Australian band) members
21st-century double-bassists
21st-century tubists
21st-century British male musicians

Herbie Flowers


Carl Richard Nyman (August 27, 1895 – December 25, 1983) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Sweden, Nyman emigrated to the United States and settled in the town of Hayward, Wisconsin. Nyman served in the United States Army during World War I. He took engineering and secretarial courses while in night school. He also went to the Dunn County, Wisconsin Agricultural School. Nyman was a machinist and was a poultry farmer. Nyman was also in the real estate and insurance business. Nyman served as chairman of the Hayward Town Board. He also served on the Sawyer County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors. In April 1937, Nyman was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in a special election to fill the vacancy cause by the death of Jorge W. Carow. Nyman was elected on the Wisconsin Progressive Party ticket. Nyman died at St. Mary's Hospital in Duluth, Minnesota.

Notes

1895 births
1983 deaths
Swedish emigrants to the United States
People from Hayward, Wisconsin
Military personnel from Wisconsin
Businesspeople from Wisconsin
Farmers from Wisconsin
Wisconsin Progressives (1924)
Mayors of places in Wisconsin
County supervisors in Wisconsin
Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
20th-century American politicians
20th-century American businesspeople

Carl R. Nyman


The Advent Conspiracy is an international movement whose stated purpose is to "bring a deeper meaning to Christmas" during the Christian season of Advent, which immediately precedes it. It was created in 2006 as a criticism of the sense of consumerism surrounding the holiday. The movement advocates community support projects in place of gift giving.

Background

The organization was co-founded in 2006 by Pastors Greg Holder, Chris Seay, and Rick McKinley in an effort to advocate spending less money on gifts and instead contributing it toward the wellbeing of the community. In their first year, Advent Conspiracy partnered with Living Water International to build a high-capacity well in Nicaragua and 13 wells in Liberia.

The Advent Conspiracy movement consists of thousands of churches and organizations. Advent Conspiracy does not accept donations and instead encourages every church, organization, family, and individual to donate their funds directly.

In November 2018, an updated and revised version of the Advent Conspiracy was published by Wonderland Publishing.

See also

Buy Nothing Day

References

External links

Christian movements
Advent
2006 introductions
Anti-consumerist groups

Advent Conspiracy


Who's Minding the Mint? is a 1967 American crime comedy film directed by Howard Morris and starring Jim Hutton, Dorothy Provine, Walter Brennan and Milton Berle. The screenplay, concerning a group of individuals who break into a United States Treasury building to print currency, was written by R. S. Allen and Harvey Bullock. The movie was produced by Norman Maurer for Columbia Pictures and is Morris' directorial debut.
The supporting cast features Joey Bishop and Bob Denver.

Plot
Harry Lucas (Jim Hutton) works at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in Washington, D.C. He has an admirer in sweet co-worker Verna Baxter (Dorothy Provine), who tries to woo him by giving him home-made, yet famously inedible fudge, but he avoids her because he doesn't feel ready for anything serious. He also has a nemesis in co-worker and supervisor Samson Link (David J. Stewart), who can't understand how Harry manages to live beyond his means. Unbeknownst to Link, Harry relies on free trials that enable him to take luxury apartments and ride in chauffeured cars, enjoying the good life, including romance with a sexy neighbor.

After Harry inadvertently drops $50,000 in new currency into a bag with Verna's fudge and leaves the mint with it, he unknowingly destroys the newly minted money when he dumps the entire contents of the bag into his garbage disposal. Realizing what he has done, he now fears Link and an audit at the mint.

In desperation, Harry turns to Pop (Walter Brennan), a former mint employee forced into retirement just before getting the chance to operate the presses he always maintained, and now has little to live for except the company of his pregnant beagle, Inky. Pop agrees to help Harry sneak into the mint after hours and print up replacement currency.

Harry learns that they will need help from others to succeed. One by one, he has to offer a partnership to a safecracker named Dugan (Jack Gilford); Luther (Milton Berle), a pawnbroker who can front expenses; Ralph (Joey Bishop), a public works employee who can navigate a secret passage to the mint through D.C.'s sewer system; an amusement park boat captain (Victor Buono) who can build a boat that can fit down a manhole, and an ice cream truck driver named Willie (Bob Denver) who has the means to distract the one resident on the street whose apartment overlooks the manhole. Harry ultimately winds up asking Verna to help once Pop reminds him that a professional cutter will be needed to cut the printed sheets of bills. To his surprise, she agrees to help.

Unknown to Verna, however, the other conspirators accept an offer of $2,000 apiece at first, but as they rehearse for the big night, they decide to help Harry only on the condition that he and Pop will print them a million dollars apiece.

An unexpected change at the mint forces the caper to be moved up. The group has to drop what they are doing and go in immediately. Despite the rehearsals, many things go wrong, including Ralph bringing along his straight-off-the-boat Italian cousin Mario (Jamie Farr), and Inky going into labor. Verna is upset when she discovers that far more than $50,000 is being printed.

After several setbacks, the group manages to leave with the money — over seven million dollars — only to have Mario mistakenly allow uniformed garbage collectors (whom he mistakes for police officers) to haul away the cardboard boxes containing the bills, placing them on a barge to be dumped into the ocean.

Harry is defeated. He goes to the mint to confess to Link, knowing that he likely will lose his job and be sent to prison on a variety of felony charges. Pop saves the day when, on the steps of the mint, he turns up with $50,000 in extra bills that were printed and used to line the box in which Inky gave birth. Harry can replace the missing currency now, and he also has a new appreciation for the pure-hearted Verna. Later, the rest of the gang, including Inky, are seen searching for the lost currency with scuba diving equipment.

Cast

 Jim Hutton as Harry Lucas
 Dorothy Provine as Verna Baxter
 Walter Brennan as Pop Gillis
 Milton Berle as Luther Burton
 Joey Bishop as Ralph Randazzo
 Bob Denver as Willie Owens
 Jack Gilford as Avery Dugan
 Victor Buono as the Captain
 Jamie Farr as Mario
 David J. Stewart as Samson Link
 Jackie Joseph as Imogene Harris
 Erin Moran as little girl on tricycle (uncredited)

Production notes
The score was composed by Lalo Schifrin.

The opening titles sequence, designed by the prolific Wayne Fitzgerald, displays the credits over images of Federal Reserve Notes, which were still in use for official transactions at the time, starting with a $1 bill and ending with a $100,000 bill. (Everything larger than $100 has since been withdrawn.)

Over $1,000,000 of real United States currency was used in the movie, but was carefully watched by armed guards. Most of the currency shown being printed was larger by half than actual United States currency and had obvious printing errors, so there was no chance the money could be passed as genuine.

Dell published a 12-cent comic book version of this movie as a tie-in.

See also
List of American films of 1967

References

External links

1967 films
1960s crime comedy films
1960s heist films
American crime comedy films
American heist films
Columbia Pictures films
Films scored by Lalo Schifrin
Films adapted into comics
Films directed by Howard Morris
Films set in Washington, D.C.
1967 directorial debut films
1967 comedy films
1960s English-language films
1960s American films
English-language crime comedy films

Who's Minding the Mint?