Clive Arnold is a British television director, known for his work on the BBC One soap opera EastEnders.

Career
Arnold began in showbusiness as an actor, working for six or seven years for the BBC. During this time he realised his talents may lie in working behind the camera, so joined the BBC as a runner, and spent 11 years working his way up to becoming a director. His first episode of EastEnders was on 23 November 2000 and he has since directed several notable episodes including Dot Branning's (June Brown) single-hander episode, the Christmas Day 2008 episodes, a live episode on 19 February 2010 celebrating the show's 25th anniversary, which won the award for Best Single Episode at the 2010 British Soap Awards, and the episode 4466, in which Billy Mitchell (Perry Fenwick) carries the Olympic Flame in a live segment of the episode, which was nominated for Spectacular Scene of the Year at the 2013 British Soap Awards. He has also directed for ITV's Emmerdale and Where the Heart Is, BBC's Holby City, and a special EastEnders spin-off, Perfectly Frank, focusing on the character Frank Butcher (Mike Reid).

See also
List of EastEnders crew members

References

External links

Living people
British television directors
Year of birth missing (living people)

Clive Arnold


Wiley's Well is a remote, natural artesian well in the Colorado Desert of Southern California. It is also the name of the area around it.

It is named after Palo Verde storekeeper and postmaster A.P. Wiley. In 1907, Mr. Wiley dug deep into a shallow well dug in 1876 by a stagecoach company which used the nearby Bradshaw Trail. Wiley made the well larger since he hoped that he could attract business to his remote desert store. The well was taken care of by local ranchers and cattlemen for years afterward. However, the rapidly falling level of the water meant a drop of the water's depth to 60'/18m within a dozen years. Today, the well's original depth is only about 20'/6m at best after wet weather. The water in the well is not good for drinking.

In 1985, the Bureau of Land Management drilled a new well 965'/294m deep to support the new Wiley's Well Campground, one of only two developed campgrounds in the Mule Mountains Long-Term Visitor Area. The water is both hot at 90 °F/32 °C and full of minerals. The water is pumped into a cistern to help cool it to drinking temperature.

Wiley's Well is popular with rockhounds. They have been coming to Wiley's Well since the 1930s with the discovery of geode beds. Even though Wiley's Well has been very popular with rockhounds over the decades, the area remains rich with such minerals as chalcedony, citrine, quartz crystals, rhyolite and jasper. Though winters are mild, making the campground popular with visitors who visit every year from colder areas, summer can be extremely hot with recorded temperatures as high as 130 °F/54 °C.

Wiley's Well is easy to reach. It is off the Wiley's Well Road exit from Interstate 10, sixteen miles/26km west of Blythe. The entrance to the campground is nine miles/14km south of the highway.

Other websites
 Article about Wiley's Well by Delmer G. Ross of La Sierra University
 Official campground page, California Department of Transportation
 GPS guide to rockhounding at Wiley's Well at Amazon.com

Geography of California
Riverside County, California

Wiley's Well


Léonce Vieljeux (12 April 1865, Les Vans, Ardèche, France – 12 September 1944, Struthof) was a colonel in the French reserve army, industrialist and mayor of La Rochelle.

Life
Gaining a diploma from the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1888, he was attached to the 123e régiment d'infanterie at La Rochelle, where he married Hélène Delmas, daughter of the famous arms manufacturer from that town.  He left the army to enter his father-in-law's family business "Delmas Frères", becoming its president, changing its name to "Compagnie Delmas-Vieljeux", and making it one of France's most important shipping companies.  Sitting on La Rochelle's municipal council from 1912 to 1925, he became its mayor in 1930.

With the onset of the Second World War, Léonce Vieljeux began working to resist the town's Nazi occupiers.  Thus, when on Sunday 23 June 1940 a German lieutenant presented himself to mayor Vieljeux with a request to hang a German swastika flag from La Rochelle's hôtel de ville, Vieljeux replied that he was a colonel (in the reserves) and had no orders to receive a junior officer, even if he was from a victorious army.  This first act of resistance was followed by systematic opposition to the posting of Nazi propaganda posters.  At the same time, he helped engineers and workers from his factory who belonged to the ALLIANCE Resistance network to find means of escape.  On 22 September 1940, he was removed from his office of mayor and then (in 1941) expelled from the town. On 23 January 1941, he was made a member of the National Council of Vichy France.

Later returning to La Rochelle, he was arrested at the start of 1944. Interned at Lafond before being transferred to Poitiers then Fresnes, he was finally sent to the camp at Schirmeck near Strasburg, where he remained from 1 May to 1 September 1944. On the night of 1/2 September 1944 he was taken to the camp at Struthof, where he was shot at the same time as 300 other men and 92 women, up to the age of 80 (he was then 79).  His funeral service took place in the Protestant church in La Rochelle in the presence of 3,000 townspeople of all denominations and social classes.  A commemorative stamp with his face on was issued on 28 March 1960.

References

1865 births
1944 deaths
People from Les Vans
French Calvinist and Reformed Christians
Members of the National Council of Vichy France
Mayors of La Rochelle
French businesspeople
French colonels
École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr alumni
French Army personnel
French military personnel of World War I
French people of World War II
French Resistance members
French people executed abroad
French people executed by Nazi Germany
People executed by Nazi Germany by firing squad
Executed people from Rhône-Alpes
French people executed in Nazi concentration camps
People who died in Stutthof concentration camp
Officers of the Legion of Honour
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)

Léonce Vieljeux


The surname Rutherford, also Rutherfurd, is a Scottish and Northern English habitational surname deriving from a place in the Scottish borders region near Roxburgh. It is also a given name.

Origin
Rutherford is a Scottish border clan name.  The name comes from a place-name in Roxburghshire on the south bank of the river Tweed, midway between Melrose and Kelso.  A village there, then called Rothersfurth, was burnt and razed by an English army in 1545 and has disappeared from the map.

The origin of the Rutherford name is thought to have been the Old English "rother" meaning "cattle" and "ford", "a river crossing."

Or according to another theory, the name can be traced back to the West Flemish name Ruddervoorde, a community now part of Oostkamp.

Another theory of the origin of the name states that a man by the name Ruther carried an ancient king of Scots over the River Tweed. Eventually, a descendant of the king gave land to the family that carried his forefather over the river and when surnames were adopted, Rutherford came into being.

Surname
Notable people with the surname include:
 Adam Rutherford, British geneticist, author, and broadcaster
 Alexander Cameron Rutherford, Canadian politician, first Premier of Alberta (1905–1910)
 Ann Rutherford (1917–2012), Canadian-American actress, best known as Polly Benedict of Andy Hardy film series
 Anna Rutherford (1932–2001), Australian-born academic and publisher
 Blake Rutherford (born 1997), American baseball player
 Boyd Rutherford (born 1957), Lieutenant Governor of the U.S. state of Maryland
 Carl Rutherford (1929–2006), American Piedmont blues musician
 Clancy Rudeforth, former Australian rules footballer
 Daniel Rutherford, a Scottish chemist and physician who is most famous for the discovery of nitrogen
 Daniel Edwin Rutherford, Scottish mathematician
 Don Rutherford (1937–2016), English international rugby union player
 Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, known as the "father of nuclear physics"
 Frances Rutherford (1912–2006), New Zealand artist and occupational therapist
 Friend Smith Rutherford (1820-1864), United States Army office and lawyer
 Gilbert Rutherford, American politician
 Geo Rutherford, American artist and TikToker
 Greg Rutherford (born 1986), British athlete (specifically long jumper)
 Griffith Rutherford (1721-1805) American Revolutionary War General
 Jack Rutherford (cricketer), Australian Test cricketer
 Jack Rutherford (footballer, born 1892) (1892–1930), English footballer for Brighton & Hove Albion, Bristol Rovers and Gillingham
 Jack Rutherford (footballer, born 1908), English footballer for Gillingham and Watford
 James Rutherford (disambiguation), several people
 Jim Rutherford, former NHL goaltender and current general manager of the Pittsburgh Penguins.
 Joe Rutherford, an Aston Villa F.C. goalkeeper of the mid-20th-century
 John Rutherford (disambiguation), multiple people
 Joseph Franklin Rutherford, also known as "Judge Rutherford", 2nd president of the Watch Tower Society corporation
 Kelly Rutherford, American actress, most famous for her role as Lily van der Woodsen in the CW teen drama Gossip Girl
 Ken Rutherford (cricketer), New Zealand batsman and captain
 Margaret Rutherford, British actress
 Mike Rutherford (born 1950), English musician famous for being the bassist and guitarist of the rock band Genesis
 Rachel Rutherford, New York City Ballet soloist
 Robert William Rutherford (1857-1933), military and artist
 Rosemary Rutherford (1912–1972), English artist
 Samuel Rutherford (–1661), Scottish theologian, minister and political theorist
 Samuel Rutherford (Georgia politician) (1870-1932), American politician, businessman, jurist and lawyer
 Samuel Wilson Rutherford (1866-1952), African American pioneer in insurance
 Sherfane Rutherford (born 1998), Guyanese and West Indies cricketer
 Skip Rutherford (born 1950), academic administrator
 Theodora Fonteneau Rutherford (1904-after 1982), American accountant, clubwoman, and college instructor
 Walter Rutherford (1857–1913), Scottish golfer (Olympic silver medallist)
 Walter Rutherford (footballer) (1891–1944), Scottish footballer with Kilmarnock, Ayr United, Johnstone
 William Rutherford (disambiguation), several people
 Zara Rutherford (born 2003), Belgian-British aviator

Given name
Notable people with the given name include:
 Rutherford H. Adkins (1924–1998), World War II pilot with the Tuskegee Airmen
 Rutherford Alcock (1809–1897), British diplomatic representative
 Rutherford Aris (1929–2005), chemical engineer, control theorist, mathematician, professor
 Rutherford Boyd (1882–1951), American sculptor, painter and illustrator
 Rutherford Cravens, American actor
 Rutherford Decker (1904–1972), American politician
 Rutherford John Gettens (1900–1974), chemist and conservation scientist
 Rutherford Guthrie (1899–1990), Australian politician
 Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893), 19th president of the United States (1877–1881)
 Rutherford P. Hayes (1858–1927), American librarian; son of the president
 Rutherford Irones (1877–1948), American physician and politician
 Rutherford Latham (born 1954), Spanish equestrian
 Rutherford George Montgomery (1894–1985), American writer of children's books
 Rutherford Page (1887–1912), early American aviator who died in an airplane crash
 Rutherford Platt (1894–1975), American nature writer, photographer, and advertising executive
 Rutherford "Rud" Rennie (1897–1956), newspaperman and sportswriter
 Rutherford Ness Robertson (1913–2001), Australian botanist and biologist
 Rutherford Waddell (1850–1932), New Zealand Presbyterian minister, social reformer and writer
 Rutherford Lester Whiting (1930–2014), Canadian politician

See also
 Edward Rutherfurd, nom de plume of Francis Edward Wintle, author of historical fiction

References

Surnames of Lowland Scottish origin
English-language surnames

Rutherford (name)


The Art of Love () is a 2011 French comedy film directed and written by Emmanuel Mouret. The film stars Mouret himself, Pascale Arbillot, Ariane Ascaride, Frédérique Bel, François Cluzet, Julie Depardieu, Judith Godrèche, Stanislas Merhar, Elodie Navarre, Laurent Stocker and Gaspard Ulliel, and is narrated by Philippe Torreton.

The Art of Love premiered at the Locarno International Film Festival on 7 August 2011. Although it garnered rather mixed reviews by film critics, it won the Best Screenplay Award at the Montréal World Film Festival, and the Foreign Press Award at Filmfest Hamburg.

Plot summary

The Art of Love is composed of several chapters, which follows several Parisian couples. Isabelle (Julie Depardieu) has not had sex in a year. She declines an offer from her friend Zoé (Pascale Arbillot) to "borrow" her husband and instead winds up impersonating Amélie (Judith Godrèche), another friend who cannot bring herself to sleep with her buddy, Boris (Laurent Stocker). The singleton Achille (François Cluzet) thinks his prayers have been answered when his svelte new neighbour (Frédérique Bel) knocks on his door wearing a negligee and suggests they have an affair. In another chapter, a middle-aged couple's marriage is threatened when wife Emmanuelle (Ariane Ascaride) finds herself lusting after every attractive man she lays eyes upon and a pair of young lovers (Elodie Navarre and Gaspard Ulliel) discover the pangs of jealousy.

Cast
 Emmanuel Mouret as Louis
 François Cluzet as Achille
 Frédérique Bel as Achille's neighbor
 Julie Depardieu as Isabelle
 Judith Godrèche as Amélie
 Laurent Stocker as Boris
 Elodie Navarre as Vanessa
 Gaspard Ulliel as William
 Pascale Arbillot as Zoé
 Ariane Ascaride as Emmanuelle
 Stanislas Merhar as Laurent
 Louis-Do de Lencquesaing as Ludovic
 Philippe Magnan as Paul
 Michaël Cohen as Zoé's husband
 Philippe Torreton as Narrator (voice)

Release
The Art of Love premiered at the Locarno International Film Festival on 7 August 2011. It was then shown at the Namur Francophone Film Festival on 3 October 2011. Two days later, on 5 October, the film had its premiere in Germany at the Hamburg Film Festival. In the United Kingdom, The Art of Love premiered at the BFI London Film Festival on 25 October 2011. The film was released theatrically in France on 27 November. As of March 2012, it was also distributed in Switzerland, Belgium, Canada and Hungary. The film will be theatrically released in Germany on 17 May 2012.

Reception

Critical response
The Art of Love received mixed to positive reviews. The Première magazine gave it two out of four stars, describing the cast performances as "convincing", but also calling the film "predictable". Isabelle Zirbi of the Les Cahiers du cinéma praised Emmanuel Mouret's directing and writing ideas, awarding the film with three out of four stars. Le Nouvel Observateur reviewed the film more positively, naming it a "delicious patchwork of plots and characters", and gave it four out of five stars. Le Figaro awarded The Art of Love with three stars out of four, as well as Les Inrockuptibles, StudioCiné Live and Télérama. The reviews of Le Parisien, Elle and A voir à lire were more rigid, although they praised the film's comedic situations.

Foreign critiques similarly reviewed the film. Neil Young of The Hollywood Reporter positively reviewed the film, comparing it to the works of Woody Allen, but adding that "some promising ideas in this high-toned romantic comedy get smothered by an over-complicated presentation". Jey Weissberg of the Variety wrote "Mouret's rep and stellar cast mean local biz should be strong [...], but it will take more than art for 'Love' to transcend borders" and gave the film a mixed review. The Time Out gave it three out of five stars, naming it the "frothy fun". Dan Fainaru of the Screen Daily reviewed The Art of Love positively.

Accolades
On 28 August 2011, Emmanuel Mouret won the Best Screenplay Award at the Montréal World Film Festival. The film was also honoured with the Foreign Press Award at the Hamburg Film Festival.

References

External links

2011 comedy films
2011 films
Films set in France
Films set in Paris
Films shot in France
Films shot in Paris
French comedy films
2010s French-language films
Films directed by Emmanuel Mouret
2010s French films

The Art of Love (2011 film)


Oskar Langendorff (1 February 1853 in Breslau – 10 May 1908 in Rostock; his first name is sometimes given as "Oscar") was a German physician and physiologist known primarily for his experiments on the isolated perfused heart, the so-called Langendorff Heart apparatus. In addition, he is credited with discoveries in respiration and in the conduction of impulses in the sympathetic and peripheral nervous system. His work has served as the basis for the use of retrograde perfusion in science and medicine.

Scientific career
After studying medicine in Wrocław (Breslau), Berlin and Freiburg im Breisgau Langendorff obtained his Ph.D. at the University of Königsberg in 1875, subsequently working there as a research assistant. He received his habilitation in 1879 with the physiologist Ludimar Hermann and after 1884 held a post as associate professor. In 1886, he was elected to membership in the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. From 1892 till his death in 1908 Langendorff was professor and director of the physiological institute at the University of Rostock.

Works
 Physiologische Graphik. Ein leitfaden der in der physiologie gebräuchlichen registrirmethoden, a physiology manual, F. Deuticke, Leipzig: 1891. 316 pp.
 Untersuchungen am überlebenden Säugetierherzen ("Investigation of the living mammalian heart"), Pflügers Arch. 61: 291–332, 1895.
 Untersuchungen am überlebenden Säugetierherzen II. Über den Einfluss von Wärme und Kälte auf das Herz der warmblütigen Tiere ("The influence of heat and cold on the heart of warm-blooded animals"), Pflügers Arch. 66: 355–400, 1897.
 Untersuchungen am überlebenden Säugetierherzen III. Vorübergehende Unregelmässigkeiten der Herzschlages und ihre Ausgleichung ("Transient irregularities of the heartbeat, and their adjustment"), Pflügers Arch. 70: 473–486, 1898.

References

Sources
 Taegtmeyer, H.: One hundred years ago: Oscar Langendorff and the birth of cardiac metabolism, Can J Cardiol. Dec. 1995; 11(11): pp. 1030–5.
 Zimmer, H..: The Isolated Perfused Heart and Its Pioneers, News Physiol Sci 13: pp. 203–210, 1998

German physiologists
Prussian physicians
Physicians from Wrocław
University of Königsberg alumni
Academic staff of the University of Rostock
1853 births
1908 deaths
People from the Province of Silesia

Oskar Langendorff


The Newfoundland Senior Hockey League (NSHL) was a senior ice hockey league in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada founded in 2011. The NSHL operated for three seasons from 2011–2012 to 2013–2014.  The league competed for the Herder Memorial Trophy and its teams were eligible for the Allan Cup playoffs.

History
The league was confirmed September 10, 2011 at the Hockey Newfoundland and Labrador AGM.  The league is the result of a merger between the Avalon East Senior Hockey League and the West Coast Senior Hockey League.  The league includes the province's two only Allan Cup champions, the Corner Brook Royals (1986 Allan Cup) and Clarenville Caribous (2011 Allan Cup).

The league was a Newfoundland-wide league, much like the old Newfoundland Senior Hockey League which folded in 1989.

Teams
Clarenville Caribous
Corner Brook Royals
Conception Bay North Eastlink CeeBee All-Stars
Gander Flyers
Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts
Mount Pearl H J Bartlett Electric Senior Blades
Stephenville Jets

Champions
2012 Clarenville Caribous
2013 Conception Bay North Cee Bee Stars
2014 Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts

Ice hockey in Newfoundland and Labrador
Defunct ice hockey leagues in Newfoundland and Labrador

Newfoundland Senior Hockey League


Jeffrey Marc Zgonina (; born May 24, 1970) is an American football defensive line coach for the Washington Commanders and former defensive tackle who played seventeen seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Purdue and was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the seventh round of the 1993 NFL Draft.

Zgonina was a member of the 1999 St. Louis Rams that won Super Bowl XXXIV and also played for the Carolina Panthers, Atlanta Falcons, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, and Houston Texans. As a coach, he has been a member of the Houston Texans, New York Giants, and San Francisco 49ers.

High school
Zgonina attended Carmel High School in Mundelein and was a letterman in football, basketball, hockey, and track and field. In football, he won All-East Suburban Catholic Conference honors, All-Area honors, All-County honors, and All-State honors.

College career
Zgonina attended Purdue University from 1989 to 1992, starting his entire career. He twice led the Boilermakers in sacks and tackles for loss, he led the team in total tackles one season. He had a fumble return of 67 yards, a record for Purdue defensive linemen. He currently holds Purdue records for 'tackles for loss' for a single game (7.0), a season (28.0) and a career (72.0). He is currently #6 in total tackles (382) and solo tackles (266); and #3 in sacks (29.0). His senior season was outstanding as he had 28 tackles for loss and 13 sacks; was selected as a 1st Team All-Big Ten and the Big Ten Defensive Player of the Year. Following his senior year, he participated in the 1993 East-West Shrine Game, Hula Bowl, and Japan Bowl.

Professional career
Zgonina played 17 seasons in the NFL and spent more time with the St. Louis Rams than with any other team, which included a Super Bowl title in the 2000 season (XXXIV). His best season, however, came with the Miami Dolphins in 2004, when he recorded 63 tackles and five sacks.

He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the seventh round of the 1993 NFL Draft. He spent two seasons with the Steelers, recording 27 tackles in 21 game appearances before being waived after the 1994 season. He was claimed off waivers by the Carolina Panthers on August 29, 1995, and he recorded two tackles in two game appearance for the Panthers in 1995. He signed with the Atlanta Falcons in 1996, and made one sack, one fumble recovery, and 12 tackles in the eight games he played. Zgonina signed a two-year contract with the St. Louis Rams on March 12, 1997. He played in 15 games in 1997, producing two sacks and 21 tackles. He was released by the Rams on August 21, 1998. Zgonina was signed by the Oakland Raiders on October 14, 1998, but was released six days later. before playing in a game for the Raiders. He signed with the Indianapolis Colts later in the season and played in two games.

Zgonina re-signed with the Rams on March 27, 1999. He spent four seasons with the Rams, becoming their starting defensive tackle during the 2000 season. He earned a Super Bowl ring in 2000 after St. Louis beat the Tennessee Titans in Super Bowl XXXIV. He was also a member of the 2001 NFC Champion Rams, starting 13 games and playing in Super Bowl XXXVI. He recorded 144 tackles, 10.5 sacks, three forced fumbles, and six fumble recoveries in his second tenure with the Rams.

Zgonina signed a four-year contract with the Miami Dolphins on April 1, 2003. In his four-year career with the Dolphins, he made 178 tackles, 10 sacks, an interception, and two fumble recoveries in 62 games (22 starts). He signed with the Houston Texans on March 14, 2007, He had 64 tackles, 2.5 sacks, and two fumble recoveries in his three-year tenure, including playing in all 48 games with five starts.

Coaching career
In 2013, Houston Texans hired Zgonina to become an assistant defensive line coach. As an assistant coach for the Texans, he worked closely with defensive line coach/assistant head coach Bill Kollar who was his coach at Purdue University in 1989. In 2016, he became the assistant defensive line coach of the New York Giants. Zgonina was the defensive line coach of the San Francisco 49ers from 2017 to 2019. In 2020, he was hired as the assistant defensive line coach for the Washington Football Team and was promoted to lead defensive line coach following the firing of Sam Mills III in 2022.

Personal life
Zgonina is of Polish descent. He has performed in dog shows since 2014.

References

External links
Washington Commanders bio

1970 births
Living people
Players of American football from Chicago
American football defensive tackles
American people of Polish descent
Purdue Boilermakers football players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Carolina Panthers players
Atlanta Falcons players
St. Louis Rams players
Indianapolis Colts players
Miami Dolphins players
Houston Texans players
Houston Texans coaches
New York Giants coaches
San Francisco 49ers coaches
Washington Commanders coaches
Washington Football Team coaches

Jeff Zgonina


George Bassman (February 7, 1914 – June 26, 1997) was an American composer and arranger.

Biography
Born in New York City to a Ukrainian- and Lithuanian-Jewish émigré couple, Bassman was later raised in Boston and began studying music at the Boston Conservatory while still a boy.

He studied orchestration and composition formally, but in his teens he left home against his father's wishes to play piano in an itinerant jazz group, and subsequently worked as an arranger for Fletcher Henderson in New York.

Through that gig, he became part of the burgeoning swing/big band scene and was soon writing songs as well. Bassman peaked in that career when he and Ned Washington wrote "I'm Getting Sentimental Over You" for the bandleader Tommy Dorsey. Bassman also worked in radio as an arranger for Andre Kostelanetz, and made the move to Hollywood in the mid 1930s.

Among his earliest film jobs was orchestrating the Gershwin songs in the Fred Astaire movie A Damsel in Distress at RKO. He later went to work at MGM, where he composed music for the Marx Brothers vehicles A Day at the Races, Go West, and The Big Store, as well as writing or arranging music for such musicals as Lady Be Good and Cabin in the Sky. He also worked on Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's 1939 musical The Wizard of Oz (for which he orchestrated the background music used in the tornado scene, poppy-field scene and many of the Emerald City sequences), Babes in Arms, and For Me and My Gal. During his work at MGM, he returned to RKO to supervise the adaptation of the Richard Rodgers/Lorenz Hart musical Too Many Girls to the big screen. He also worked on dramas, including Vincente Minnelli's The Clock and Tay Garnett's The Postman Always Rings Twice.

Bassman's career was interrupted in the midst of the Red Scare, however, when he admitted in testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee that he had been a member of the Communist party (it was virtually a family legacy, his mother apparently having been a dedicated Communist in the 1910s, when it had a very different meaning than it did in the 1950s).

Bassman left Hollywood after the studios closed their doors to him and returned to New York where he found the theater still open to him. He was engaged to orchestrate the show Guys and Dolls (with Ted Royal), and also composed music for various shows and revues. Although Hollywood was closed to him, Bassman was able to work in television in its early days, as a composer for various live shows and also as a conductor; he eventually composed the music for the live television anthology series Producers' Showcase as well. He also quietly kept his hand in movies, where independent producers were willing to hire him. Among his best scores during this period was his music for The Joe Louis Story (1955); he also got hired to write some music for the Hollywood movie Marty (1955), and Columbia hired him in 1958 to score Middle of the Night.

Bassman had seemingly beaten the blacklist, and without too much inconvenience, but then his professional luck ran out, oddly enough upon his return to MGM for the first time in more than a decade. He clashed with the makers (including director Sam Peckinpah) of what could have been a triumphant comeback, on Ride the High Country (1962). He closed out his film career with Mail Order Bride (1964), and saw several of his scores (including one for Bonnie and Clyde) rejected.

In 1961 he arranged all the music for Mitzi Gaynor's very first nightclub act which debuted at The Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas.

Late in his career, he re-orchestrated the 1922 one-act jazz opera by George Gershwin and Buddy DeSylva, Blue Monday. This version has been recorded.

In the late 1960s, he acquired ownership of and operated the Savoy Club, a contract bridge club located on Sunset Strip catering to Hollywood personalities and local bridge professionals.

Death
Bassman's later life was marred by tragedy—his personal life involved three marriages, and the last had a duration of scarcely a year. By the late 1970s, he was cut loose from his career, and he later fell in with the wrong people. He died forgotten by his profession and alone in Los Angeles in 1997.

External links

References

1914 births
1997 deaths
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
American people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
American music arrangers
American musical theatre composers
American musical theatre lyricists
Boston Conservatory at Berklee alumni
Jewish American musicians
Songwriters from New York (state)
20th-century American composers
20th-century American Jews

George Bassman


The British Rail Class 04 0-6-0 diesel-mechanical shunting locomotive class was built between 1952 and 1962. It was the basis for the later Class 03 built in the British Railways workshops.  The Class 04 locomotives were supplied by the Drewry Car Co., which at the time (and for most of its existence) had no manufacturing capability. Drewry sub-contracted the construction work to two builders. Both of these built other locomotives under the same arrangement. Early locomotives were built by Vulcan Foundry and later examples were built by Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns.

04

British Rail Class 04


Michele (Shelly) Robyn Pearson (born 22 April 1962) is an Australian former medley and freestyle swimmer of the 1980s, who won a bronze medal in the 200-metre individual medley at the 1984 Summer Olympics in  Los Angeles. Her versatility saw her qualify for four finals.

Pearson made her international debut at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, Canada, where she finalled in both the 200-metre and 400-metre individual medleys, finishing seventh and fifth respectively.  She made her Olympic debut at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, where she was eliminated in the heats of the 100-metre freestyle.  She was a part of the 4×100-metre freestyle relay team along with Lisa Curry, Rosemary Brown and Karen van de Graaf, which placed fifth in the final.

In 1981, Pearson became one of the first athletes in Australia to attend the newly established Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). Pearson attend the AIS until 1986 and was named AIS Athlete of the Year in 1985.

At the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane, Pearson collected her first international medals, winning silver and bronze in the 400-metre and 200-metre individual medley respectively. Curry won both events.

Pearson had a good preparation for the 1984 Summer Olympics, after winning two events at the United States Championships as a guest competitor.  In the 200-metre individual medley, she trailed home the American duo of Tracy Caulkins and Nancy Hogshead, edging out Curry by 0.83 of a second to claim the bronze medal.  Pearson narrowly missed a second silver in the 200-metre freestyle, finishing in a time of 1m 59.79 seconds, just 0.1 of a second slower than the bronze medallist Annemarie Verstappen of the Netherlands.  She also finished fifth in the 100-metre freestyle, which was won by Hogshead.  She combined with Curry, Angela Russell and Anna McVann to finish fourth in the 4×100-metre freestyle relay.

Pearson also won five medals for Australia at the 1985 Summer Universiade in Kobe, Japan. Pearson won silvers in the 200m individual medley, 400m individual medley and as a part of the 4 × 200 m Freestyle relay. Pearson also won bronze in the 200m Freestyle and as a part of Australia's 4 × 100 m Freestyle relay team.

Pearson's form began to dip after the Olympics. Her only medal at the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh was a gold in the 4×200-metre freestyle relay.

See also
 List of Olympic medalists in swimming (women)

References

External links

1962 births
Living people
Swimmers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Australia
Australian female freestyle swimmers
Olympic bronze medalists in swimming
Australian female medley swimmers
Australian Institute of Sport swimmers
Sportspeople from Bundaberg
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Australia
Swimmers at the 1978 Commonwealth Games
Swimmers at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Swimmers at the 1986 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Australia
Universiade medalists in swimming
Universiade silver medalists for Australia
Universiade bronze medalists for Australia
Medalists at the 1985 Summer Universiade
20th-century Australian women
Medallists at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 1986 Commonwealth Games
Sportswomen from Queensland

Michelle Pearson


Soul Music is a seven-part animated television adaptation of the 1994 book of the same name by Terry Pratchett, produced by Channel 4 Television Corporation, Cosgrove Hall Films, ITEL, and Ventureworld Films. It was first broadcast on 28 December 1998 and released on DVD in 2001, alongside Wyrd Sisters in a box set entitled "Soul Music", by Vision Video. The feature-length miniseries was developed by Acorn Media, and directed by Jean Flynn. It was the first film adaptation of an entire Discworld novel (following the Welcome to the Discworld short, which was based on a fragment of the novel Reaper Man). The series soundtrack was also released on CD, but the disc is now out of production. The soundtrack is, however, now available through iTunes. Editz did the title sequences, Flix Facilities did the digital picture editing, and Hullabaloo Studios did the audio post-production.

Plot
The film's tagline is: "A story of reality, fantasy and the bits in the middle".

The series closely follows the plot of the novel, which, like many of Pratchett's novels, introduces an element of modern society into the magical and vaguely late medieval / early modern world of the Disc - in this case rock and roll music and stardom - with nearly disastrous consequences. It also introduces Susan Sto Helit, daughter of Mort and Ysabell and granddaughter of Death.

Cast
Andy Hockley - Imp y Celyn
Debra Gillett - Susan Sto Helit
Christopher Lee -  Death
Graham Crowden - Mustrum Ridcully
Neil Morrissey - Mort
Bernard Wrigley - Asphalt
Rob Rackstraw - Glod Glodsson, The Librarian
George Harris - Lias Bluestone
 John Jardine - Impy's Dad
 Brian Pringle - Albert
 Rosalie Scase - Owner of Music Shop
 Melissa Sinden - Ysabell
Jimmy Hibbert - Additional Voices
David Holt - Mr. Clete
 Maggie Fox - Ms. Butts

Parody of the music industry
Soul Music is notable for having numerous allusions to various aspects of the music industry, including groupies, music-recording devices, and most notably the history of rock and roll. The Geeky Guide To Everything noted "Each new number depicted a different aspect or period of rock music ranging from the likes of beat music all the way to the Beatles. And this made for an entertaining musical and visual experience". NeedCoffee said "the songs that The Band with Rocks In sings manage to be send-ups and faithful recreations of the various styles rock-n-roll has been through". PopMatters notes "the whole adventure is a parody of the music industry in the world outside of the story". The Geeky Guide to Everything described it as a "quirky celebration...of rock music's history". Terry Pratchett said "Rock and Roll is sung about and talked about as though it is some kind of a living thing – it won't fade away, it'll never die. It has a meaning quite apart from a particular type of musical sound, and then consider the large number of people to whom it offered tremendous fame for a few years and then sudden death, as if there was some kind of devil's bargain going on."

The series takes the association of the "Band with Rocks In" with the Beatles even further than the book does, evolving their style from 1950s rock and early 1960s beat music (and mixing-bowl haircuts) in Ankh-Morpork, to acid rock in Scrote, to spiritual hippie rock in Quirm. In Sto Lat, they sound like the Jimi Hendrix Experience or Bad Company, but are dressed in clothes similar to the Beatles on the cover of the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album. Also in Quirm, Buddy says that the band is 'more popular than cheeses,' referring to John Lennon's famous quote proclaiming the Beatles to be more popular than Jesus. In Pseudopolis, their outfits and style resemble the Blues Brothers. Crash's band is also given the name "Socks Pastels".

Differences from the book
Vetinari, Arnold Sideways, Lady Sara, Lady Delacross and Cumbling Michael were omitted, and Princess Jade and Gloria Thogsdaughter were reduced to brief cameos.
Susan's two meetings with Quoth and the Death of Rats were combined into one scene.

Critical reception

Ratings: The Geeky Guide to Everything gave Soul Music a rating of 3.5 out of 5. NeedCoffee gave it a rating of 3.5 out of 5.

Adaption: FilmMonthly says Soul Music is the "first and better adaptation" of Pratchett's work by Acorn Films (the other one being Wyrd Sisters).
It said that both adaptions would please fans of the Discworld franchise, even though certain content had to be left out due to time, resources, and the different medium - and also that in-jokes and recurring characters would be unfamiliar to newcomers. It concluded that Soul Music, unlike Wyrd Sisters, could be seen by both fans and non-fans. Alternatively, NeedCoffee noted that the story may not be for newcomers to the series. It also said "Soul Music is extremely faithful to the novel in this cartoon retelling," and commented on the revisions from the book, noting that the tone remained faithful to the Pratchett style. PopMatters suggested the reason Pratchett's works are rarely adapted to film is because "they don't translate well into film". It said "oftentimes Pratchett's clever language jokes [such as homonyms] are lost in the dialogue of the screen since the visual cue of the printed words is necessary to cotton on." Rambles said the series "is fairly true to the novel", though adds it "fails to match Pratchett's wit and pacing."

Animation: FilmMonthly added that while "the animation in these two tales has been roundly criticized for being below par [and crude]...it's not as awful as some reviewers claim". The Geeky Guide to Everything said the animation reminded the site of Flight of Dragons, which works within the "overall sense of whimsy" of the show. NeedCoffee described the animation as "not that great", though complimented the character design. PopMatters said that both adaptions are watchable in half-hour chunks, but "when run back to back...the animation style becomes tedious very quickly". It said the 3D animated opening sequence has "slightly dated animation" of the opening sequence, and that the 2D animation has a "disappointing cartoonishness". Rambles described the animation as "mediocre" and a "half-hearted effort".

Voice acting: The Geeky Guide to Everything noted that the casting of the voices were adequate and singled out Christopher Lee as Death as a "home run". NeedCoffee spoke highly of the choice of voice overs, especially Christopher Lee as Death, whose performance was described as "urbane, polite, and somewhat weary". Rambles described the choosing of Christopher Lee as the voice of Death as "a master stroke" and "perfect casting". Rambles said "Besides Lee, the vocal talents are adequate without being exceptional -- and the Liverpudlian accent sported by Glod the dwarf is a bit over the top."

References

External links

1997 British television series debuts
1997 British television series endings
1990s British animated television series
Channel 4 original programming
British children's animated comedy television series
British children's animated fantasy television series
Discworld films and television series
English-language television shows
Television series by Cosgrove Hall Films
Television series set on fictional planets
Works about the music industry
Television series about fictional musicians

Soul Music (TV series)


M. M. Buckner (Mary M. Buckner) is a United States science fiction author specializing in hard science fiction, and also an environmental activist.  Her third novel, War Surf, won the 2005 Philip K. Dick Award for best novel of the year, and her first novel Hyperthought was nominated in 2003.

Buckner's fourth novel, Watermind, won the Barnes & Noble SF Top Ten ranking for 2009.  Her fifth novel, The Gravity Pilot, was released in March, 2011.  Buckner's work has been published in five languages: Japanese, Chinese, German, Spanish and English.  According to a review in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Buckner is "one of the best writers working in our genre today."

Buckner studied English at Memphis State University and earned an M.A. in Creative Writing from Boston University. She worked as marketing vice president for a financial firm where her work earned two Diamond Addy Awards. Afterward, she devoted herself mainly to writing. Her novels include Hyperthought, Neurolink and War Surf (all published by Ace), as well as Watermind and The Gravity Pilot, (published by Macmillan/Tor). Twice, she has been interviewed on the podcast The Future And You: first in December 2005 concerning global warming and then in May 2006, shortly after winning the Philip K. Dick Award, to describe the experience. She is married to Jack Lyle and currently resides in Nashville, Tennessee.

References

External links
M. M. Buckner official website
M. M. Buckner's page at Macmillan.com
 Interview with M.M. Buckner at SFFWorld.com
Interview with Buckner, including portrait
Podcast containing interview with Buckner about Global Warming
Podcast containing interview with Buckner about her winning the Philip K. Dick Award
 Interview on the SciFiDimensions Podcast

American environmentalists
American science fiction writers
Boston University College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Living people
21st-century American novelists
American women novelists
University of Memphis alumni
Writers from Nashville, Tennessee
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
21st-century American women writers
Year of birth missing (living people)

M. M. Buckner


El Desafío (1995) is a Venezuelan telenovela created by Salvador Garmendia and Martín Hahn for RCTV as a free version of the Mexican telenovela Doménica Montero from Cuban Mexican writer Inés Rodena. This telenovela lasted 113 episodes and was distributed internationally by RCTV International.

Claudia Venturini and Henry Soto star as the main protagonists with Mimi Lazo, Roberto Moll and Lucy Mendoza as the main antagonists.

Synopsis

In a grand hacienda, near a coastal region surrounded by spectacular beaches, springs a story of love that is as willful and strong as its heroes... a story that begins with a challenge between two indomitable lovers and concludes with a love that defies the limits of greed, envy, and treachery. Fernanda San Vicente is a sweet and beautiful young woman who suffers a complete transformation in her personality upon discovering her lover's betrayal and her father's murder on the night of her wedding. As a result, Fernanda flees to the hacienda she inherited from her father; now impenetrable and filled with an immense resentment toward all men, she vows to rule over the hacienda and the town itself. She is accompanied by her ambitious cousin Federico (who had engineered several illegal business dealings using her family's resources and her envious cousin Marilinda, who had been having an affair with Fernanda's fiancée Mariano. Having arrived, they meet Aquiles Hurtado, the barbaric oversees of the hacienda in order to get what he wants. Still, Fernanda rules the area with an iron hand... until the moment she meets Arturo Gallardo, the only man capable of batling Fernanda for a stretch of land on the beach. Ultimately, Arturo and Fernanda fall victim to their own feelings, and the competition between them turns into a true story of love. But the love between Arturo and Fernanda represents a terrible threat to those who would take possession of Fernanda's land. Driven by greed, Marilinda, Federico, and Aquiles enlist the aid of Fernanda's mother Cristina, a woman who had abandoned her daughter years before and who had returned to the area after spending all of her money. Sergio, Cristina's young and ambitious lover, is included in their plans to destroy Arturo and Fernanda at all costs. But in the end, it is destiny that decides their fate and love that proves Defiant.

Cast
Claudia Venturini as Fernanda San Vicente
Henry Soto as Arturo Gallardo
Carlos Arreaza as Federico García San Vicente
Catherine Correia as Teresita
Mimi Lazo as Ana Luisa
Esperanza Magaz as Severa
Lucy Mendoza as Marilinda García San Vicente
Roberto Moll as Aquiles Hurtado
Amilcar Rivero as Juan Ponchao
Rafael Romero as Sergio Duarte
Elisa Stella as Cecilia

References

External links
El Desafio at the Internet Movie Database
Opening Credits

1994 telenovelas
RCTV telenovelas
1994 Venezuelan television series debuts
1994 Venezuelan television series endings
Spanish-language telenovelas
Television shows set in Venezuela

El desafío


Theodore Levitt (March 1, 1925 – June 28, 2006) was a German-born American economist and a professor at the Harvard Business School. He was editor of the Harvard Business Review, noted for increasing the Review's circulation and popularizing the term globalization. In 1983, he proposed a definition for corporate purpose: "Rather than merely making money, it is to create and keep a customer".

Early life
Levitt was born in 1925 in Schlüchtern-Vollmerz to a Jewish family.  A decade later his family moved to Dayton, Ohio.  He served in World War II, received his high school diploma through correspondence school and then earned a bachelor's degree at Antioch College, a college founded by the Christian Connection, and a PhD in economics at the Ohio State University.  His first teaching job was at the University of North Dakota.

In 1959 he joined the faculty of the Harvard Business School. Later that year, he became well known after publishing Marketing Myopia in Harvard Business Review where he asks "What business are you in?", a phrase that demands one account for the significance of the job one does.

Role in developing the term "globalization"
Though widely credited with coining the term globalization in an article entitled "Globalization of Markets", which appeared in the May–June 1983 issue of Harvard Business Review, he was not the originator of the term. As a New York Times article notes, the term 'globalization' was in use well before this publication (at least as early as 1944) and had been used by economists as early as 1981. Nonetheless, Levitt can be credited with popularizing the term and bringing to a mainstream business audience.

Further work
Between 1985 and 1989, he headed the Harvard Business Review as editor.

He was the author of The Marketing Imagination, and his works have been translated into eleven languages. He was also the author of numerous articles on economic, political, management, and marketing subjects.

Honors and accolades
He was a four-time winner of the McKinsey Awards competitions for best annual article in the Harvard Business Review; winner of Academy of Management Award for the outstanding business books of 1962 for Innovation in Marketing; winner of John Hancock Award for Excellence in Business Journalism in 1969; recipient of the Charles Coolidge Parlin Award as "Marketing Man of the Year" 1970; recipient of the George Gallup Award for Marketing Excellence, 1976; recipient of the 1978 Paul D. Converse Award of the American Marketing Association for major contributions to marketing; and recipient of the 1989 William M. McFeely Award of the International Management Council for major contributions to management.

Death
Levitt died at the age of 81 in his home on June 28, 2006, after a long illness. His memorial was held at his favorite tennis club. He was survived by his wife of 58 years and by four children.

Books and articles
Articles:
Marketing Myopia, Harvard Business Review, 1960.
Creativity Is Not Enough, Harvard Business Review, 1963.
Marketing Intangible Products and Product Intangibles, Harvard Business Review, May–June 1981, p. 94-102.
After The Sale Is Over, Harvard Business Review, September–October 1983, p. 87-93.
The Globalization of Markets, Harvard Business Review, May–June 1983.

Books:
The Third Sector: New Tactics for a Responsive Society. 1973
Marketing for business growth, 1974, New York : McGraw-Hill, First ed. published in 1969 under the title: The marketing mode.
The marketing imagination, 1983, New York : The Free Press
The marketing imagination, 1986, New York : Free Press (New, expanded ed.)
Thinking about management, 1991, New York : Free Press
Levitt on marketing, 1991, Boston, Mass. : Harvard Business School Press

See also

Globalization
Harvard Business Review

References

Archives and records
Theodore Levitt papers at Baker Library Special Collections, Harvard Business School.

Additional
 Theodore Levitt Dead at 81 JUNE 29, 2006 Businessweek online
 Theodore Levitt, 81, Who Coined the Term 'Globalization', Is Dead New York Times July 6, 2006
 Complete

1925 births
2006 deaths
20th-century American educators
Antioch College alumni
Marketing people
Marketing theorists
20th-century American economists
21st-century American economists
Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
Harvard Business School faculty
American business theorists
American marketing people
Ohio State University Graduate School alumni
People from Belmont, Massachusetts
Deaths from cancer in Massachusetts
University of North Dakota faculty
Economists from Massachusetts

Theodore Levitt


Dame Marie Roslyn Bashir  (born 1 December 1930) is the former and second longest-serving Governor of New South Wales. Born in Narrandera, New South Wales, Bashir graduated from the University of Sydney in 1956 and held various medical positions, with a particular emphasis in psychiatry. In 1993 Bashir was appointed the Clinical Director of Mental Health Services for the Central Sydney Area Health Service, a position she held until appointed governor on 1 March 2001. She has also served as the Chancellor of the University of Sydney (2007–2012). Bashir retired on 1 October 2014 and was succeeded as governor by General David Hurley.

Early life and education
Marie Roslyn Bashir was born in 1930 in Narrandera, New South Wales, to Lebanese parents Michael Bashir and Victoria Melick. Her father and her paternal uncle were both medical graduates from the American University of Beirut. Her maternal family had come to Australia in the 19th century.

Bashir attended Narrandera Public School and in 1943 enrolled at Sydney Girls High School, which her mother had also attended. Bashir then moved to Sydney to live with her grandmother in order to attend. Upon graduating in 1947, Bashir studied at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music, becoming a proficient violinist.

She completed the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in 1956 at the University of Sydney Medical School, residing at The Women's College from 1950 to 1955. In 1959, she was elected to the College Council, became Honorary Secretary in 1960 and was Chair from 1982 to 1990. She took up life membership of the College Union in 1969. While at university, she met rising rugby player, Nicholas Shehadie, to whom she was married on 23 February 1957, in St Philip's Church, Sydney, by Felix Arnott, then the Warden of St Paul's College, University of Sydney. They had their first child, Michael, in 1959, followed by two daughters, Susan and Alexandra.

Medical career

Upon her graduation in medicine, Bashir took up a posting as a junior resident medical officer at St Vincent's Hospital and then to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children. After first living in Elizabeth Bay, Bashir and Shehadie moved their family to Pendle Hill in Western Sydney, where Bashir worked as a General Practitioner. However, wanting to assist people suffering from mental illnesses, Bashir eventually decided to take up postgraduate studies in Psychiatry. To make this easier, Bashir and her family moved back into central Sydney to Mosman on the North Shore.

When Shehadie was made Lord Mayor of Sydney, Bashir became the Lady Mayoress of Sydney from 1973 to 1975. In 1974 Bashir was named as "Mother of the Year" by the NSW Child Care Committee and the National Council of Women (NSW), with Bashir noting "the fact that I, as a professional woman, was chosen as Mother of the Year points to the growing social acceptance of a working mother". When Shehadie was knighted in 1976, Bashir acquired the title Lady Shehadie, a title she did not use, remaining "Marie Bashir" in professional life. After completion of postgraduate studies in psychiatry, she was made a Member of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists in 1971, becoming a Fellow in 1980. From 1972, Bashir was a teacher, lecturer and mentor to medical students at The University of Sydney.

In 1972 Bashir was appointed Director of the Rivendell Child, Adolescent and Family Service, which provides consultative services for young people with emotional and psychiatric issues, and oversaw the unit's moving to the former Thomas Walker Convalescent Hospital in Concord West in 1977 following its acquisition by the NSW Health Commission in 1976. In 1987 she was appointed director of the Community Health Services in the Central Sydney Area Health Service, which put emphasis on early childhood services, migrant and Indigenous health as well as the elderly. On 13 June 1988 she was made an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) "In recognition of service to medicine, particularly in the field of adolescent mental health".

From 1990 to 1992, she served on the New South Wales Women's Advisory Council. In 1993, she was appointed as Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Sydney, and in 1994 as the Clinical Director of Mental Health Services for the Central Sydney Area. This was a time of major reform in mental health service delivery, which contributed to substantial change in the provision of public sector mental health services. She served until 2001. In her university role, Bashir is instrumental in developing collaborative teaching programs between colleagues in Vietnam and Thailand with Australian psychiatrists, chairing the University of New South Wales Third World Health Group (1995–2000) and supporting various financial and social support programmes for International students.

In 1995, in a partnership with the Aboriginal Medical Service, Redfern, she established the Aboriginal Mental Health Unit, which provides regular clinics and counselling at both the Aboriginal Medical Service in Sydney and mainstream centres. From 1996, Bashir also took up the consultative role of senior psychiatrist to the Aboriginal Medical Service. As well as championing the health of indigenous Australians, Bashir also continued her focus on youth and juvenile issues, particularly through her terms chairing the NSW Juvenile Justice Advisory Council (1991–1999) and as consultative psychiatrist to Juvenile Justice Facilities (1993–2000). On 1 January 2001, Bashir was awarded the Centenary Medal.

Governor of NSW, other roles and honours

In early 2001, on the recommendation of Premier Bob Carr, Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia, appointed Bashir Governor of New South Wales, making her the state's first female governor, and the first governor of any Australian state of Lebanese descent. She was sworn in on 1 March 2001, and on 30 March she was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC). Upon her appointment, Sydney Morning Herald journalist David Marr noted, "what could be more valuable behind the scenes in Macquarie St than this woman's unique expertise with troubled adolescents?" Bashir's appointment was welcomed by both sides of politics and commended in a Sydney Morning Herald editorial as "an inspired choice" as well as noting that Bashir would be "a powerful advocate for the powerless".

In that role, Bashir departed from past practice. For Indigenous Australians, Bashir launched a health initiative to support Indigenous medicine and nursing students as well as supporting the progress of reconciliation. On the very day of her inauguration, Bashir agreed to become Patron of the Gay and Lesbian Counselling Service, which addresses mental and social issues in the LGBT community. This was the first time a NSW governor had supported a gay organisation. In 2005 Bashir opened the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Festival in a concert in Hyde Park and credited the event with fostering "that sense of freedom which springs from the considerable diversity within our society – diversity of race, religion, culture and also sexual orientation [...] We must never take these things for granted because most of you would agree that across the world today an extraordinary winding back to many previously discarded attitudes is taking place, not only affecting gay and lesbian groups, but women's health and many aspects of social justice".

In 2002, Bashir became Patron of the Australia-Vietnam Medical Trust and became intimately involved in collaborative health programs in Vietnam, particularly in rural areas. On 17 May 2001, the Governor-General, Sir William Deane, invested Bashir as a Dame of Grace of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem (DStJ). Having previously studied violin at the Conservatorium of Music, Sydney, in 2002 Bashir was asked to become the Patron of the Sydney University Graduate Choir. She is also a Patron of Opera Australia, the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, Sydney Philharmonia Choirs, Pinchgut Opera and the Australian Archaeological Institute at Athens.

In 2003 Bashir received the Mental Health Princess Award, awarded by Princess Galyani Vadhana of Thailand, for contribution to collaborative mental health programs between Australia and Thailand, and in 2004 she was recognised as an Australian Living Treasure. In 2004 she was made an honorary Member of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). In March 2004, during a visit to Lebanon, Bashir was appointed a Grand Officer of the National Order of the Cedar by General Emile Lahoud, President of the Republic of Lebanon. On 14 September, Premier Carr announced that he would recommend to the Queen that Bashir's term be extended for another three years. Buckingham Palace confirmed his recommendation on 1 October saying that: "The Queen is content for Her Excellency Professor Marie Bashir AC, to remain in her current position until February 2008 as recommended."

On 31 March 2006, the Queen appointed her a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO). Bashir was involved in the high-profile legal case against a psychiatrist called Dr Brendan O' Sullivan and the NSW health service, in which she was falsely cited in his dismissal; using the opportunity to claim sovereign immunity, usually only used by the Crown.

In April 2007 Bashir was elected by the University Senate to take up a four-year appointment as Chancellor of the University of Sydney on 1 June 2007. It was announced on 15 October 2007 that the Queen, on the recommendation of Premier Morris Iemma, had extended Bashir's appointment as governor for a further four years to February 2012. On 4 November 2009, she was invested as a Chevalier of the Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur by the then President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy, and presented by the Ambassador of France to Australia, Michel Filhol.

As the longest-serving incumbent state governor, Bashir held a dormant commission to act as the Administrator of the Commonwealth when the Governor-General of Australia was absent from Australia. She held the position of Administrator many times: from 10 to 17 July 2007, 30 September to 12 October 2007, and 20 April to 4 May 2008 in the absence of Michael Jeffery, and from 30 July to 6 August 2008, 5 to 19 November 2008, 17 March to 2 April 2009, and 7 to 12 June 2010, in the absence of Quentin Bryce.

In May–June 2010, the New South Wales Government experienced a series of resignations: Karyn Paluzzano over expenses abuse, David Campbell over a personal scandal, Ian Macdonald over expenses abuse and Graham West's retirement. These were widely seen as highlighting the NSW Government's inability to govern effectively and in response to this there were various calls for Bashir to take action as governor and dismiss the government. She played down these calls in a radio interview on 10 June, saying that:

In late 2010, Mosman Municipal Council decided to name the new sports centre in Rawson Park for Bashir in recognition of her service to both New South Wales and the Mosman community. She officially opened the "Marie Bashir Mosman Sports Centre" on 10 December 2010 with the Mayor, Anne Connon. On 14 September 2011, Liberal Premier Barry O'Farrell announced that he had recommended to the Queen that Bashir's term be extended for another two years to 2014, which had been accepted: "Over the past 10 years the Governor's caring nature, her genuine interest in local communities and her extraordinary work rate have endeared her to people everywhere...Because of her diverse background, career and interests, Professor Bashir has given a historic and important post a contemporary relevance and resonance."

From the time of her commencement as governor, Bashir, like her immediate predecessor, did not reside in Government House, Sydney, retaining it for reception and official purposes. However, in October 2011, the new Premier Barry O'Farrell announced that the Bashir had agreed with O'Farrell's offer to move back into Government House: "A lot of people believe the Governor should live at Government House. That's what it was built for ... [A]t some stage a rural or regional governor will be appointed and we will need to provide accommodation at Government House so it makes sense to provide appropriate living areas". However, because Government House has not been a residence for fifteen years, O'Farrell also announced that the Bashir would initially move into a smaller adjacent building, called the chalet, while refurbishments of the main wing occur, with a proposed move into the main house "before Christmas".

On 19 April 2012, Bashir was presented with the insignia of a Grand Cordon of the National Order of the Cedar by the President of Lebanon, General Michel Suleiman, at Government House, Sydney, during his state visit to Australia. At a meeting of the University of Sydney Senate in May 2012, Bashir announced her intention to retire as Chancellor. At a ceremony marking her retirement as Chancellor, her portrait depicting Bashir as Chancellor by Shen Jiawei was unveiled, to hang in the Great Hall. Also in April, it was announced that Bashir's term as governor, which had been expected to expire in February 2014, had been extended another six months to September 2014, at which Bashir expressed her intention to retire.

On  26 May 2013, Bashir was promoted to the rank of Officer within the Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur by the then President of France, François Hollande, and invested with the insignia at a ceremony at Government House Sydney by Général Regis Outtier, Secretary General of the Society of the Légion d'Honneur.

On 21 October 2013 Premier O'Farrell and the Minister for Education Adrian Piccoli announced that the new state primary school in Strathfield on the old site of the Sydney Adventist College would be named the "Marie Bashir Public School" in her honour. At the announcement O'Farrell noted that: "Naming this school after Professor Bashir honours her outstanding contribution to NSW and is a reminder that she achieved all her distinctions after being educated at public schools – from Narrandera Public School to Sydney Girls High School". On 28 November 2013 the Premier of NSW announced that the Queen had given approval for the title of "The Honourable" to be accorded to the governors and former governors of New South Wales.

On 5 December 2013, the University of Sydney decided to rename the Sydney Emerging Infections and Biosecurity Institute in her honour to become the Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity (MBI). Also in December 2013, Bashir became patron of the NAISDA Foundation.

In the 2014 Queen's Birthday Honours, Bashir was made a Dame of the Order of Australia "For extraordinary and pre-eminent achievement and merit in service to the administration, public life, and people of New South Wales, to medicine, particularly as an advocate for improved mental health outcomes for the young, marginalised and disadvantaged, to international relations, through the promotion of collaborative health programs, and as a leader in tertiary education".

In September 2014, her official portrait as governor by Archibald Prize finalist Mathew Lynn was unveiled at Government House by Premier Mike Baird.

Retirement
Ahead of her impending retirement from office on 1 October, Bashir noted that the time was right for her to go just short of the record in office set by Sir Roden Cutler: "a war hero who lost a leg serving this country, I would like to think of him as the longest serving governor" and that "The time is right, It was myself who said I would conclude my term around the anniversary of World War One. That would mean that I would not exceed the longest term of Sir Roden Cutler for whom I had the greatest admiration and respect".

Continuing roles
She made clear at the time of her retirement her interest in continuing her community work, particularly through the area of post-traumatic stress disorder in Australian Defence Force veterans.  Bashir is one of three patrons of the Australian Indigenous Education Foundation. Her role as patron of the NAISDA Foundation continues .

Titles, styles and honours

Titles

Bashir's style and title as governor in full was: Her Excellency Professor The Honourable Dame Marie Bashir, Dame of the Order of Australia, Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, Governor of the State of New South Wales in the Commonwealth of Australia.

Honours

National and international

State

Appointments
  1980 Fellow of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (FRANZCP).
  2004 Honorary Member of the United Nations Development Fund for Women.
  2006 Honorary Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (Hon.FTSE).
  2007 Honorary Member of the Australian Medical Association.

Honorary degrees
  3 May 2002: Honorary Doctorate of the University (D.Univ.) by the Australian Catholic University.
  11 October 2002: Honorary Doctor of Medicine (MD) by the University of Sydney.
  13 November 2004: Honorary Doctorate of the University (D.Univ.) by Southern Cross University at its Lismore Campus.
  2004: Honorary Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) by the University of New South Wales.
  2007: Honorary Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) by the University of Wollongong.
  20 April 2012: Honorary Doctorate of the University (D.Univ.) by Macquarie University.
  17 April 2014: Honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) by the University of Western Sydney.

Honorary appointments
  1 March 2001: Honorary and Regimental Colonel in the Royal New South Wales Regiment.
  1 March 2001: Honorary Air Commodore of No. 22 Squadron Royal Australian Air Force.
  9 October 2008: Honorary Commodore, Navy Warfare Training, Royal Australian Navy.
  22 August 2014: Honorary Governor of the New South Wales Police Force.

Honorific eponyms
Awards
Marie Bashir Peace Awards, National Council of Women of New South Wales.

Institutions and buildings
Marie Bashir Mosman Sports Centre, Mosman.
Marie Bashir Public School, Strathfield.
Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity (MBI), University of Sydney.
Governor Marie Bashir Reading Room, State Library of New South Wales.
Professor Marie Bashir Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown.

References

Citations

Sources

Publications

External links

 Governor of New South Wales official website
 University of Sydney – Chancellor Marie Bashir
 Photo: Bashir with RADM Nigel Coates, Commander Australian Fleet, at 2009 RAN Fleet Review.
 Photo: Bashir as Honorary Colonel
 Photo: Bashir with ADCs at ANZAC Day 2008.

1930 births
Living people
Australian healthcare managers
Australian Maronites
Australian people of Lebanese descent
Australian psychiatrists
Australian women psychiatrists
Australian Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Chancellors of the University of Sydney
Dames of the Order of Australia
Dames of Grace of the Order of St John
Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
Grand Cordons of the National Order of the Cedar
Governors of New South Wales
Honorary air commodores of the Royal Australian Air Force
Officers of the Legion of Honour
People educated at Sydney Girls High School
Spouses of Australian politicians
Sydney Medical School alumni
Academic staff of the University of Sydney
21st-century Australian women medical doctors
20th-century Australian women medical doctors
20th-century Australian medical doctors
21st-century Australian medical doctors

Marie Bashir


Treat Myself is the third major-label studio album by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor. Epic Records released it on January 31, 2020, after delaying it for over a year from its originally scheduled release date. Trainor worked with producers including Mike Sabath, Tyler Johnson, Ojivolta, and Andrew Wells. Initially inspired by pop artists and her experiences with panic disorder, Trainor rewrote the album to adapt to changing trends in the music industry and the rising popularity of hip-hop. It features guest appearances by Sabath, Nicki Minaj, Lennon Stella, Sasha Sloan, the Pussycat Dolls, and AJ Mitchell.

Treat Myself is a pop, doo-wop, funk, and R&B album with hip-hop influences which explores themes such as female duality, body image, self-esteem issues, and relationships. Trainor promoted the album with public appearances and televised performances. Several tracks released in 2018 were scrapped from it after the delay. Treat Myself includes three singles: "No Excuses" (2018) and "Nice to Meet Ya" (2020), which respectively peaked at numbers 46 and 89 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and "Wave" (2019).

Some reviewers thought the quality of Treat Myself was worth being awaited and effectively showcased Trainor's artistic range, while others commented on its production choices and criticized its lyrical themes. In the US, the album debuted at number 25 on the Billboard 200. It peaked within the top 40 in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Scotland, Spain, and Switzerland.

Background

After previously suffering a vocal cord hemorrhage in the summer of 2015, American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor was placed on vocal rest for the second time in December 2016, forcing her to cancel her scheduled appearances at the Billboard Women in Music event and the Jingle Ball Tour 2016. She was not allowed to talk for several months and underwent her second vocal cord surgery the following year. The procedure took a toll on Trainor's mental health: "I got mentally destroyed from my second vocal surgery. I was just sad that it happened again, because they tell you, 'You won't deal with this ever again,' and then I did." She began seeing a psychologist and therapists after being diagnosed with panic disorder by her doctors. Trainor doubted if she was "built to be a pop star" and whether she will be able to continue her music career: "The fact that every surgery happened after an album cycle — two albums, two surgeries [...]  I went to a very dark place of like, 'How will I ever tour again? How will I get to do promo?' I still get anxiety and a little scared". A year later, she believed her voice sounded "better than ever".

Recording and production
Trainor began recording songs for her third major-label studio album while still recovering from the surgery. She held the first session with Jacob Kasher Hindlin, who suggested working with the novice producer Andrew Wells. They wrote the song "Let You Be Right" within a few hours and Trainor decided "he was the one". Her early influences for the album included Britney Spears and ABBA, and she wanted to bring Spears, NSYNC, and Backstreet Boys-inspired pop songs "back to radio". In March 2018, Trainor stated that the album was her "best work yet" and the material consistently displayed her improved songwriting. She said it was "fun, dance-y stuff with a little funk" and had an "'80s and '90s feel" two months later.

Trainor was inspired to write the title track of Treat Myself when her therapist asked her to "reward" herself after surviving bouts of anxiety from her panic disorder. According to her, the initial version of the album included "too many" love songs; she released six of them on the extended play The Love Train (2019) to coincide with Valentine's Day. Trainor said of the ones she saved for the album: "This is what I want my music to sound like and these are the songs I love. I don't care what's playing on the radio or what they don't accept. I love this, and I'm proud to perform these songs".

Trainor eventually took a more commercial direction with Treat Myself. In January 2020, she revealed that she wrote four albums worth of material in an attempt to adapt to changing trends in the music industry; she wanted to "make pop records that feel relevant in an era when hip-hop reigns". Trainor kept writing more tracks until she and Epic Records agreed she could not "beat these songs". Mike Sabath produced four tracks on Treat Myself. Sigala, with whom Trainor had collaborated on the song "Just Got Paid" (2018), also contributed to production. Others included Ojivolta, King Henry, Daniel Gleyzer, Zach Skelton, Tyler Johnson, Wells, Whethan, Jon Castelli, and Some Randoms. Trainor connected with Nicki Minaj through a shared manager and met Nicole Scherzinger while filming their television shows at the same lot; both artists feature on the album.

Composition

Overview
The standard edition of Treat Myself includes 15 tracks; the deluxe edition contains three additional songs and two acoustic versions and the Target edition features two bonus tracks. The album predominantly has a pop, doo-wop, funk, and R&B sound. According to AllMusic's Matt Collar, Trainor embraced "club-ready dance rhythms and contemporary R&B hooks" with it, incorporating "screwdriver bass lines, shimmery synths, and bright vocal overdubs" and moving towards the "slick, hip-hop-infused funk" musical styling of Bruno Mars. The album features the same girl group yells and hooks as Trainor's previous two full-length albums, according to PopMatters Jessica Brant. Dani Blum of Pitchfork described Treat Myself as a combination of several ballads, funk, and "garish shudders of EDM", writing that it explores the theme of female duality. Lyrically, the album discusses self-love and body positivity. Daniel Bromfield of Spectrum Culture perceived its lyrical intention as wanting to help "those struggling with body-image issues, self-esteem issues and relationship issues".

Songs

The album opens with "Wave", a house ballad about the emotional effects of a fledgling relationship, which features Sabath as the remorseful lover requesting a final chance from his partner. "Nice to Meet Ya" is an R&B song with hip-hop beats, which features a rap verse from Minaj and a chorus whispered by Trainor. The third track, "Funk", is a funk-influenced pop song with burred guitar and a retro beat. The titular word is used as an innuendo: "I miss the way we used to funk." Riffs David Gill described it as "a musical tribute to '80s funk bands like Cameo and Parliament" and Collar believed it recalled the "'80s throwback vibe" of Mars's 2014 single "Uptown Funk". Trainor repeatedly asks listeners to love themselves in the chorus of "Babygirl", an electropop and R&B song. The fifth track, "Workin' on It", featuring Lennon Stella and Sasha Sloan, is a minimalistic and downtempo song about Trainor's issues with self-acceptance and how she is still working on ameliorating herself.

"Ashes" is a sentimental breakup song on which Trainor leaves behind a contentious relationship. On the seventh track, "Lie to Me", she expresses frustration about her partner not reciprocating her affection and asks him to lie that he is still enamored by her. On "Here to Stay", an old-school R&B song, Trainor describes a committed romantic relationship: "I fall apart in front of your face / But you think it's cute, you make fun of me." "Blink" is about empowerment and contains influences of R&B and dubstep. She refers to herself as an "innocent bad bitch" and declares: "I'm crazy but I'm sweet". The 10th track, "Genetics", is a jazz-influenced funk song featuring the Pussycat Dolls. It incorporates diphthongs during several words ending with the syllable "od" in its chorus; critics likened its electronic soundbed to the work of Daft Punk. Trainor sings "how you get that bod? Is it from God?" and spells out the song title like a cheeleader chant: "G-E-N-E-T-I-C-S".

"Evil Twin" is an electronic pop song with influences of house music, on which Trainor blames her bad decisions during a night out on her "evil twin". On "After You", a piano-driven ballad, Trainor and AJ Mitchell duet about how they will never be able to fall in love again if they ever separate from their lovers. "Another Opinion" is a groovy song with electro-pop connotations, on which Trainor addresses her detractors: "If you don't like me, it's not my fault / At all / It's just another opinion." The 14th track, "No Excuses", is a pop song with country influences. Trainor demands respect in its lyrics; the song was inspired by her experiences with her superiors in the music industry, who disrespected her opinions. The standard edition of Treat Myself closes with "Have You Now", a love song. The Target version includes "All the Ways", which was inspired by a conversation between Trainor and her husband, Daryl Sabara, and the title track. The deluxe edition contains the dance-pop song "Make You Dance", "Underwater" featuring Dillon Francis, "You Don't Know Me", and acoustic versions of "Ashes" and "Workin' on It".

Release and promotion
Treat Myselfs release was marked by several delays. On June 19, 2018, the album was made available for pre-order and Trainor announced August 31, 2018, as the release date. In August, she postponed its release and stated: "I'm in such an amazing place and I can't stop writing songs… I've decided to move my new album Treat Myself until I get everything out of my head and recorded in the studio." After briefly being projected to release in January 2019, Trainor announced on November 6, 2019, that the album would come out in January the following year, "for realz this time". Epic Records released its original and Target editions on January 31, 2020, followed by the deluxe version on July 17, 2020.

Treat Myself was promoted with the release of several singles. "No Excuses" was released as the album's lead single on March 1, 2018, and peaked at number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100. Epic Records chose "Let You Be Right" as the follow-up single against Trainor's wishes, and it failed to enter the chart. This was followed by three more promo tracks during 2018. "Wave" was released as the second single from Treat Myself on September 27, 2019. All of the 2018 releases except "No Excuses" were scrapped from the album. "Nice to Meet Ya" was promoted as the third single from Treat Myself on the latter's release day and reached number 89 on the Hot 100. "Make You Dance" was released as a single from the deluxe edition.

Trainor promoted Treat Myself with public appearances and televised live performances. In 2018, she performed "No Excuses" on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, The Today Show, the iHeartRadio MMVAs, Sounds Like Friday Night, and the Sport Relief telethon. The following year, she performed tracks from the album on The Today Shows Citi concert series and The Voice. In February 2020, Trainor performed "Blink" at the American Heart Association's Go Red For Women Red Dress Collection fashion show and "Nice to Meet Ya" on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. The COVID-19 lockdowns prevented her from giving further live performances. She performed "Ashes" for her Together At Home virtual concert series, in association with the Global Citizen Festival, and "Wave" for her Billboard Live At Home concert and iHeartRadio's First Responder Fridays in April 2020.

Critical reception

Treat Myself received mixed reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 51, based on four reviews. Rolling Stones Tomás Mier described it as a "pop-perfect record" and "one of Trainor's most underrated works". Idolator's Mike Wass named Treat Myself the 66th best pop album released in 2020 and believed it was "one of those projects that is destined to attain cult status in years to come". Mike Nied of the same website, Lucy Mapstone of The Irish News, and Lauren Alvarez of Forbes thought the album was "worth the wait"; Nied opined that Trainor successfully projected her artistic range, charm, and confidence and Alvarez said it effectively showcased her "talent, lyricism and overall range".

Some critics commented on the production. Alvarez believed Treat Myself offered a contemporary interpretation of Trainor's earlier music, which she considered a novel and infectious method to captivate listeners: "the intricacy of instruments, sounds, beats, lyrics and production all received superior treatments". Collar thought the album "continues to evolve her sound" but fails to recreate the charisma of Title (2015) due to its "sophisticated production style". On the other hand, Russ Coffey of The Arts Desk believed it maintained "her cheeky, girl-next-door charm" despite its shortcomings. Blum opined that Treat Myself became enervating due to the "confusing production choices".

The lyrical themes on Treat Myself received commentary. Brant thought the album's feminist tropes were disingenuous and caused by Trainor giving into pressure from the music industry. NMEs Hannah Mylrea called it a vexing listen due to its "sickly sweet and filled with cliché lyrics" and "insipid songs". Blum opined that Treat Myself depends on the concept of "female duplicity" and fails to truly empower women: "Trainor is left constantly placating [...] This is self-flagellation disguised as motivation." Bromfield stated that "there's always something a little off about this album". He criticized the portrayal of a codependent relationship dynamic in its love songs.

Commercial performance
At the time of its release, Treat Myself became Trainor's lowest-charting album in several countries. The album debuted at number 25 on the US Billboard 200 and the Canadian Albums Chart, both dated February 15, 2020. It peaked at number 41 in the UK. In Australia, Treat Myself reached number 13. The album charted at number 40 in New Zealand. Elsewhere, it peaked at number 27 in Spain, number 28 in Switzerland, number 40 in Scotland, number 58 in Ireland, number 67 in Austria, number 87 in the Netherlands, number 99 in Germany, and number 109 in Belgium.

Track listingNotes  signifies an additional producer
  signifies a vocal producer

 Personnel
Credits are adapted from the liner notes of Treat Myself.Recording locationsRecorded and engineered at Mike Sabath Home Studio (tracks 1 and 15), The Train Station (tracks 2–4, 6–8, 12 and 15), EastWest Studios (Hollywood) (tracks 5 and 10–14), Dan Gleyzer Home Studio (track 6), Brickboi Studios (Los Angeles) (track 7), Black Star Studio (track 9), The Cave (Nashville, Tennessee) (tracks 12–13) and Some Random Studio (track 15)
Mixed at MixStar Studios (Virginia Beach, Virginia) (tracks 1, 3, 5 and 9-15), Jon Castelli Studio (tracks 2 and 6–8) and Mike Sabath Home Studio (track 4)
Mastered at Sterling Sound (New York City) (tracks 1 and 3-15) and Becker Mastering (track 2)
Management – Jeffrey Azoff, Tommy Bruce and Sali Kharazi, Full Stop Management
Legal – Aaron Rosenberg, Josh Karp and Haley Golding, Myman GreenspanPersonnel'

Meghan Trainor – lead vocals, background vocals, executive producer, claps, synthesizer (tracks 1 and 13), ukulele (track 13)
Mike Sabath – featured vocals, production, background vocals, recording, engineering, mixing, bass (tracks 1, 4 and 15), drums (tracks 1 and 3–4), synthesizer (tracks 1 and 3), mellotron (track 4), piano (tracks 4 and 15), guitar (track 15)
Ojivolta – production, engineering, programming, recording
King Henry – production, recording, guitar (track 5)
Dan Gleyzer – production, recording, engineering
Zach Skelton – production, engineering
Sigala – production, recording
Tyler Johnson – production, drum programming, background vocals, recording, claps, keyboards (tracks 12–13), piano (tracks 12–13), synthesizer (track 13)
Andrew Wells – production, drum programming, recording, engineering, guitar (tracks 11 and 14), bass (tracks 11 and 14), synthesizer (tracks 11 and 14)
Whethan – production, drum programming, engineering, synthesizer (track 11)
Jon Castelli – production, mixing, drum programming
Some Randoms – production, programming, recording, instrumentation, keyboards (track 15)
Nicki Minaj – featured vocals, background vocals
Lennon Stella – featured vocals
Sasha Sloan – featured vocals
Nicole Scherzinger – featured vocals, background vocals
AJ Mitchell – featured vocals
Camila Viola – background vocals
Daryl Sabara – background vocals, claps
Jordan Federman – background vocals, claps, tambourine (track 3)
Ryan Trainor – background vocals, scream, claps
Mark Williams – background vocals
Justin Trainor – background vocals, engineering, recording, vocal production
Eddie Benjamin – background vocals, bass (track 3), synthesizer (track 3), guitar (track 8), bass (track 8)
Tristan Hurd – background vocals, trumpet (track 3)
Theodore (Caye) Tittman – background vocals
Frances – background vocals
Peter Aiden Miller – background vocals
Josh Kear – background vocals
Kelli Trainor – background vocals
Sam Berger – background vocals
Christopher Lynch – background vocals
Gary Trainor – background vocals
Jacob Kasher Hindlin – background vocals
Aubry "Big Juice" Delaine – recording
Matt Wallach – engineering, background vocals
Mark Parfitt – engineering
Bo Bodnar – engineering, background vocals
Brendan Dekora – engineering
Danny Klein – engineering
Matt Campfield – engineering
Jonas Jalhay – programming, recording, guitar (track 14)
Maurice Ellis – bass (track 11)
Anders Mouridsen – electric guitar (track 11), piano (track 12), keyboards (track 12), guitar (track 12)
Drew Taubenfeld – guitar (track 11)
Ron Schaer – trumpet (track 11)
Dan Higgins – saxophone (track 11)
The Vultures – string arrangement, sound design
Nick Lobel – drum programming, engineering
Tommy Bruce – claps
Nathaniel Cochrane – claps
Serban Ghenea – mixing
John Hanes – mixing
Ingmar Carlson – mixing
Randy Merrill – mastering
Dale Becker – mastering
Charm Ladonna – creative director
Gavin Taylor – album cover design
Hanna Hillier – photography
Hayley Atkin – styling
Dimitris Giannetos – hair
Alison Christian – makeup

Charts

Release history

Notes

References

External links

2020 albums
Meghan Trainor albums
Albums produced by King Henry (producer)
Albums produced by Meghan Trainor
Albums produced by Mike Sabath
Albums produced by Sigala
Albums produced by Tyler Johnson (musician)
Epic Records albums
Funk albums by American artists

Treat Myself


Ziva Ben-Porat is a literary theorist, writer, and editor who lives in Israel and is a professor at Tel Aviv University.

Personal life
Ben-Porat graduated with a bachelor's degree in English and Hebrew literature and a master's degree in English literature from Tel Aviv University, as well as a doctorate in comparative literature from University of California, Berkeley.

She lived for many years in Re'im, a kibbutz in southern Israel.

Work
According to Jeremy Dauber, in Ben-Porat's notable 1976 publication, "The Poetics of Literary Allusion", she sought to "deploy a formal notion of allusive signification to frame specific readings of literary works." From 1993 to 2008, Ben-Porat was editor-in-chief of Sifrut/Mashmaut/Tarbut (English: Literature/Meaning/Culture), a series of academic books published by HaKibbutz HaMeuchad in Hebrew. From 2000 to 2008, she was director of The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics. She was vice president of FILLM (Federation Internationale de Langues et Litteratures Modernes / International Federation for Modern Language and Literatures) from 2002 to 2005. She is currently a poetry and comparative literature professor at Tel Aviv University. Her academic work includes a focus on cognitive intertextuality, cultural memory, and cultural representations. Ben-Porat also works on CULTOS, a digital library of multimedia linked on the basis of their intertextual relations.

Publications
Publications that Ben-Porat has been published in or involved with include:
 "The Poetics of Literary Allusion", PTL 1, 1976
 Poetics Today, "Method in Madness: Notes on the Structure of Parody, based on Mad\s T.V. Satires", 1979
 Lyrical Poetry & the Lyrics of Pop, Tel-Aviv (Hebrew), 1989
 Literary Pragmatics, "Two Way Pragmatics: From World to Text and Back", London, 1991
 Autumn in Hebrew Poetry, Tel-Aviv (Hebrew), 1991
 Poetics Today, "Poetics of the Homeric Similie and Theory of [Poetic] Similie.", 1993
 The Psychology and Sociology of Literature, "Sad Autumn' and Cultural Representations: A Comparative Study of Japanese and Israeli 'Autumn", 2001
 Journal of Romance Studies, London, 2003

Activism
In August 2010, she signed a letter, along with over 150 other academics, supporting a boycott by nearly 60 theatre professionals of a cultural center built in the West Bank settlement of Ariel. They also vowed not to lecture or participate in any discussions in the settlements, stating in their letter, "We will not take part in any kind of cultural activity beyond the Green Line, take part in discussions and seminars, or lecture in any kind of academic setting in these settlements." They explained their action by stating, "We'd like to remind the Israeli public that like all settlements, Ariel is also in occupied territory. If a future peace agreement with the Palestinian authorities puts Ariel within Israel's borders, then it will be treated like any other Israeli town."

In February 2015, Ben-Porat joined four others in resigning as a judge of the Israel Prize for Literature after the office of the Prime Minister of Israel vetoed two people who had been nominated to also serve as judges. In the resignation letter from Ben-Porat and four other judges, they said the action by the Prime Minister's office constituted "politicization of Israel's most important prize, which is supposed to be granted solely on the basis of professional and artistic considerations," and raised concerns that the award would be tainted.

References

External links
 Work biography

Living people
Tel Aviv University alumni
English literary critics
British women literary critics
Israeli editors
Israeli women editors
Israeli literary critics
British editors
British women editors
Academic staff of Tel Aviv University
Intertextuality
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)

Ziva Ben-Porat


Hindu reform movements in the nineteenth society had many evils prevailing in it like Sati (The practice that a woman will burn herself alive at the funeral pyre of her husband), female infanticide {Killing the girl child at birth(It was mainly practised because their parents thought that it was difficult to find difficult grooms for  the girls and if found a huge dowry had to be paid to them)},polygamy , child marriage etc.

Movements
 Ramkrishna Mission was started by Swami Vivekananda in 1896 to propagate the teachings of his guru.
 Brahmo Samaj was formed by Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal in 1828 to end the various evils present in the Indian society.
 Prarthana Samaj was established in Maharashtra by two people: R.G. Bhandarkar and Mahadev Govind Ranade. Gopal Krishna Gokhale also became a part of this Samaj
 Satya Shodhak Samaj was formed by Jyotibha Phule in 1848 in Maharashtra.
 Sri Narayana Dharma Paropalana Yogam was founded by Sri Narayana Guru in Kerala basically for the uplift mentioned of his own caste, Ezhavas, who were considered to be untouchable.
 Arya Samaj was formed by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875. He made it to revive and reform the Hindu religion and bring back the Hindus who had embraced either Islam or Christianity.
 The Theosophical Society was founded by Madame H.P. Blavatsky and H.S. Olcott in New York in 1882. They later set up their branch in India at Adyar in Chennai in 1886. Annie Bessant carried on its work in India.

19th century in India
Hinduism

Hindu reform movements


According to Welsh tradition, the event sometimes referred to in English as the Contention of the Bards took place at Deganwy in the Kingdom of Gwynedd, and was a contest in bardic skill between Taliesin and the court poets of king Maelgwn Gwynedd, led by Heinin. According to the legendary history of Taliesin, the poet (not to be confused with the historical figure Taliesin) was a boy of 12 at the time, and was the bard of Elffin ap Gwyddno. Maelgwn is said to have held Elffin in captivity and Taliesin challenged his bards to a bardic contest for which Elffin was the prize. Taliesin won the contest and Elffin's freedom, and also (correctly) prophesied Maelgwn's death from a swamp-born pestilence.

The poems Prifardd ydwyf i Elffin (Primary Chief Bard am I to Elffin) and Cân y Gwynt (Song to the Wind), which are later medieval poems attributed to Taliesin, are amongst those that, according to some versions of the legend, he sang in the Contention. These and other poems are extant only in manuscripts compiled in the late medieval and early modern periods, and on linguistic evidence can be dated to the medieval period.

See also
Medieval Welsh literature
Culture in Gwynedd

Medieval Welsh literature
House of Gwynedd
Welsh mythology
Medieval Wales
Taliesin

Contention of the Bards in Gwynedd


David Ablett (4 February 1941 – 24 July 2010) was a Canadian journalist and editor for The Vancouver Sun, the Toronto Star, and other media. He was born in Gibson's Landing, British Columbia, Canada.

Ablett attended the University of British Columbia for his undergraduate studies. At the University of British Columbia he started his journalism career as the editorial page editor of the student newspaper, The Ubyssey. After university, he worked as a journalist at the Vancouver Sun.

In 1965, the Vancouver Sun sent him to Columbia University School of Journalism, where he graduated in 1967 and he was awarded the Pulitzer Prize Traveling Fellowship.

The prize allowed him to spend the next two years abroad - first in Japan, where he worked as a journalist for the Asahi Shimbun, then Europe, where he covered the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia for Radio Free Europe.

He returned to the Vancouver Sun in 1969 and became the Washington, and then Ottawa Bureau Chief. He then became the Vancouver Sun'''s editorial page editor.

In 1977, while at the Vancouver Sun, Ablett won Canada's National Newspaper Award for editorial writing.

Later, he joined the Privy Council for Canada where he served as speech writer and special adviser to Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau.

In 1982, Trudeau appointed David to the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada headed by Donald Stovel Macdonald.  David was Joint Editorial Head along with Michel Vastel.

Ablett then went on to work at the Bank of Montreal and then the Bank of Nova Scotia where he became head of Public Affairs.
He later joined the editorial board of the Toronto Star.

He eventually finished his career at the Toronto Stock Exchange where he retired as VP of Public and Corporate Affairs in 2007.

David Ablett died on July 24, 2010, in Peterborough, Ontario.

References

 Noreen Shanahan, "Speech writer helped Trudeau address the nation in times of great change", The Globe and Mail Continentalizing Canada: The Politics and Legacy of the Macdonald Royal Commission by Gregory J. Inwood
 The politics of resentment: British Columbia regionalism and Canadian unity by Philip Resnick

2 Remembering David Ablett by Rod Mickleburgh,  The Globe and Mail
3 Speech writer helped Trudeau address the nation in times of great change  The Globe and Mail''

1941 births
2010 deaths
People from Gibsons, British Columbia
Toronto Star people
University of British Columbia alumni
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
Canadian newspaper editors
Canadian male journalists

David Ablett