Tamil Union Cricket & Athletic Club is a first-class cricket team based in Colombo, Sri Lanka. They play their home games at P. Saravanamuttu Stadium.

History

The club can trace its roots back to the final years of the 19th century in which two pre-existing rival clubs amalgamated to form the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club. The Club's embryonic years benefited from its stewardship by some of the country's most eminent Tamil Lawyers, Politicians and Civil Servants (see below). The first of these clubs was known as the Lanka Sports Club, which was established in 1895 had its base in Price Park. In 1898, the first available mention of office bearers lists D. Muthuswamy (president), G. N. C. Ponnambalam (secretary), future Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka Sir Waithilingam Duraiswamy (club Captain) as the Club committee. Duraiswamy would later hold the position of President (1937–48) while G.N.C Ponnambalam that of Captain (1905) in the amalgamated Tamil Union and Athletic Club. A second Tamil sports club was established in March 1899, in a meeting that was called with the objective of organising a second Tamil Sports Club in Colombo. This meeting was duly held at the City College Hall and presided over by the Hon. P. Coomaraswamy, former Member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon (forerunner of the Parliament of Sri Lanka). During the meeting the club elected its governing committee, which included Sir Ponnambalam Arunachalam member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon, Mr T Muttu Coomaraswamy, Mr A. E. Strong and Mr E. Sellayah. Sir Ponnambalam's elder brother Sir Ponnambalam Ramanathan, former Solicitor General of Sri Lanka later became President of the amalgamated Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club and was followed by Dr. E. V. Ratnam 1931–1937 while Mr E. Sellayah's eldest son (W.M.) Sri Lanka's first full-time Registrar of Companies, later became Honorary General Secretary, while another son (L.W.) went on to captain the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club and All-Ceylon teams in hockey and later served as a national administrator.

By the end of 1899, the two rival Tamil clubs were persuaded to join forces, which resulted in the creation of the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club, with T. Thirunavakarasu and Dr John Rockwood, the son of the eminent surgeon and member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon, Dr W. G. Rockwood serving as the first President and Honorary General Secretary, respectively. The sports grounds were based at Campbell Park in Borella wherein many sports were played including hockey, cricket, and athletics. In fact, for several decades between the 1930s and 1960s the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club were one of the premier hockey clubs in the country and won many National tournaments including the Andriesz Shield and Pioneer Cup. This coincided with a time in which Sri Lankan hockey could compete ably with the best teams in the world. Since then, however, the hockey fortunes of both the Club and National team have declined considerably, possibly due to the increasing popularity and financial resources aimed at the country's cricketing success.

In 1935, the Club celebrated its 35th anniversary in grand style with a carnival and sports meet that culminated in a garden party at Campbell Park. This was one of the last major events held by the Club on these grounds before relocation. The occasion was a great success and well attended by patrons, politicians, sportsmen and businessmen. In 1937, the Club acquired its new grounds and pavilion named the Colombo Oval, later renamed the Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium in honour of its Club stalwart for his tireless efforts in convince the Government to donate the grounds to the Club. His Excellency Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs, the Governor of Ceylon officially opened the Colombo Oval on 27 January 1940. In the intervening years, Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu was instrumental in preparing the grounds to the standard of first class cricket, cultivating a superb playing area out of land that resembled a marshy swamp, with the kind assistance of the Minister of Agriculture and Lands, Mr D.S. Senanayake (later the first Prime Minister of Sri Lanka). For his efforts, Mr Senanayake was named an honorary member of the Tamil Union.

Beginning in the 1960s, under the leadership of Somasunderam Skandakumar and Selva Perumal the club began to expand its base of cricketing talent by looking further afield than Colombo. This strategy paid dividends as the club soon began to nurture several young talents (many from extremely humble backgrounds) into international cricketers, including Upul Chandana. Perhaps the most illustrious international cricketer the club has produced is the leading wicket taker in international cricket history, Muttiah Muralitharan who amassed 800 Test wickets in 133 matches for Sri Lanka. Other notable players include former Sri Lankan Captain Tillakaratne Dilshan one of the all-time greats of Sri Lankan cricket, Mahadevan Sathasivam who captained the Tamil Union when it was first granted First-class cricket status and lead All-Ceylon in the 1940s before emigrating to Singapore to Captain its National Cricket Team, and Rangana Herath a world-class Spin bowler. Current Club captain is Chanaka Welegedara who has played 21 Test matches for Sri Lanka.

In 1981, Sri Lanka gained full member status of the International Cricket Council (ICC) and shortly thereafter played its first Test match at the headquarters of the Tamil Union, by this time renamed Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium. Mr T. Murugaser and Mr C. T. A. Schaffter were highly praised for their efforts in ensuring the occasion was a resounding success. Tragedy was to strike barely two years later, however, when the Oval was burned down during the 1983 riots during Black July. In spite of this the Club was still able to host regular international cricket, including Sri Lanka's first ever Test match triumph over India in 1985.

From the mid-1990s the P. Saravanamuttu Oval saw a hiatus of International cricket due to expansive renovations and improvements in facilities at the ground. The new developments include a state of the art media centre, gym, pool, players dressing area, bar and lounge as well as new two- tiered stands named for prominent members of the Club, Dr Ranjan Chanmugam, M.Sathasivam and Sathi Coomaraswamy, an All-Ceylon cricketer and son of C. Coomaraswamy, Sri Lankan High Commissioner to India. These facilities and the Club's history, together with the successes of its cricket team (regularly winning BCCSL national tournaments) in recent years maintain the Club's status as one of the foremost Sports Clubs in the country.

Since its inception, the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic club would go on to have strong ties with the various governing bodies of national sport. For instance, Dr John Rockwood, the first Honorary General Secretary of the Club also became the first President of the Ceylon Cricket Association. Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu, Club President (1948–51) whose family were instrumental to the club's successes for several decades, was president of both the Ceylon Cricket Association and its successor the Board of Control for Cricket (1948–1950). W.M. Sellayah, Honorary General Secretary of the Club (1932–36) also held the same position with the Ceylon Hockey Association and Ceylon Cricket Association. CTA Schafter a Club Captain and double international (played Hockey and Cricket) went on to be Manager of the Sri Lankan Cricket team in the new millennium. In the 1980s, T. Murugaser, Club President (1980–81) also held the Vice Presidency of the Board of Control for Cricket. Thus, the Club has contributed a great deal to the administration of sport in Sri Lanka over the years.

Honours

 Premier Trophy (3)
1945–46, 1950–51, 2015–16

 Premier Limited Overs Tournament (1)
1999–00

Current squad
These players featured in matches for Tamil Union C & AC in 2019/20

Players with international caps are listed in bold

References

External links
 Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club website
 Cricinfo
 Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club  at Sri Lanka Cricket
 Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club at CricketArchive

Sri Lankan first-class cricket teams
Sports clubs in Colombo
1899 establishments in Ceylon
Cricket clubs established in 1899

Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club


Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.  It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.

A court was built at the Porte de Billancourt for the Basque pelota events. The teams of France and Spain were the only participants.

Events

Hand-pelota
 - 45
 - 26

Paleta
 - 40
 - 24

Basket-pelota
 - 60
 - 52

References

1924 Summer Olympics events
1924
1924 in basque pelota
Basque pelota competitions in France
Men's events at the 1924 Summer Olympics

Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics


Thomas Charles Krajeski (born 1950) is an American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador to Yemen from 2004 to 2007 and the United States Ambassador to Bahrain from 2011 to 2014.

Biography
Thomas Krajeski was born in Groveland, Massachusetts. He is a graduate of the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, having studied the Russian language and literature.

An American diplomat, he has served in U.S. embassies in Kathmandu, Nepal from 1980 to 1982, in Madras, India from 1982 to 1984, in the State Department Press Office in 1985, and in Warsaw, Poland from 1985 to 1988. From 1990 to 1992, he learned Arabic at the Foreign Service Institute, and served in Cairo, Egypt until 1997. From 1997 to 2001, he served as Consul General in Dubai, UAE. From 2001 to 2004, he worked in the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs in the Department of State. From July to October 2003, he served as political advisor to L. Paul Bremer with the Coalition Provisional Authority in Baghdad, Iraq. From 2004 to 2007, he served as the United States Ambassador to Yemen in Sana'a. From 2008 to 2009, he served again in Baghdad.

In 2007, he received the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service. He has also received five Superior Honor Awards.

Since August 2009, he has served as Senior Vice President of the National Defense University, where he also teaches foreign policy.

On June 30, 2011, Ambassador Krajeski was nominated by President Obama to be the next United States' Ambassador to Bahrain.

References

External links

Official biography

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1950 births
Ambassadors of the United States to Bahrain
Ambassadors of the United States to Yemen
Living people
National Defense University faculty
People from Groveland, Massachusetts
University of Massachusetts Amherst alumni
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
United States Special Envoys
United States Foreign Service personnel
Recipients of the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service
21st-century American diplomats

Thomas C. Krajeski


Richard II (23 August 963 - 28 August 1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the Duke of Normandy from 996 to 1026. He was the first to assume the title of duke and built up his court to resemble that of a king. He commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin to write a detailed history of the Norman Dukes showing their nobility and Christian patronage.

Early career
Richard II was the oldest son of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora. He succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. During his minority, which was the first five years of his reign, his regent was his uncle Count Ralph of Ivrea. Ralph put down a peasant revolt at the start of Richard's reign.

Richard was very religious like his overlord king Robert II of France. Richard used his army to support the king against the duchy of Burgundy. He formed a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise of Normandy to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany. It became a double alliance when he married Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany.

Vikings and England
In the 980s the Vikings had been raiding England again. They would then cross the English Channel to Normandy to sell their plunder. Norman and Viking relations were good. Richard's father had hired Viking mercenaries in the 960s. He also allowed them safe haven in Normandy. This caused problems in England and with the Pope in Rome. In 990 representatives of the Pope negotiated a treaty between England and Normandy. Richard I agreed not to aid enemies of England (including Vikings). From 997 to 1000 a great Viking army attacked Wessex a number of times. In 1000 they came to Normandy and were allowed to land by Richard II. This broke the treaty between his father and the English king. In 1000-1001 the English attacked Normandy on the Cotentin Peninsula. The raid was led by king Ethelred the Unready of England. Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, shackled and brought to England. But the English were not prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were quickly defeated.

Richard wanted to make peace with the English king. He gave his sister Emma of Normandy in marriage to King Ethelred. Ethelred gave Emma the city of Exeter as a dowry. This turned out to be an important marriage as it later gave Richard's grandson, William the Conqueror, a claim to the throne of England. In 1013 when Sweyn Forkbeard invaded England, Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy. After losing his throne King Ethelred followed shortly. Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut, King of England forced Emma to marry him. Duke Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again Queen.

Norman prestige
Richard II commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin, his clerk and priest, to write about his ancestors. He was to tell the story of the Norman dukes in a way that showed their Christian morals. He wanted them shown to be good and upright leaders who built Normandy despite the bad behavior of their Frankish neighbors. It has been called by some historians a work of propaganda. While it contains a number of stories and legends, nowhere did Dudo claim the stories to be facts. When he wrote his work on the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of the Normans, Dudo seems to have met his goal "to tell in the noblest style the story of a noble destiny."

In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his ancestor Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen. He gave many other gifts to Monasteries. Their names show the areas over which Richard had ducal control: Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.

Richard II died 28 Aug 1026.

Marriages
He married firstly, , Judith (992–1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany, by whom he had the following issue:
 Richard III Succeeded his father as duke.
 Alice of Normandy, married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy.
 Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy after his brother.
 William, a monk at Fécamp.
 Eleanor, married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
 Matilda, a nun at Fecamp, d. 1033

Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu. They had the following children:
 Mauger, Archbishop of Rouen
 William of Talou, count of Arques

Illegitimate children
 Papia, wife of the Gulbert, Advocate of Saint Valery-en-Caux

Notes

References

963 births
1026 deaths
Dukes and duchesses of Normandy

Richard II, Duke of Normandy


Nocturnal enuresis, also called bedwetting, is a health issue that is often caused by or the symptom of certain health troubles. It happens when a person involuntarily urinates while he or she is asleep. Sometimes people suffering from bedwetting use diapers. Usually this issue is common in newborns and  children.

Medical signs

Nocturnal enuresis


Annie Mary Anne Henley Rogers (15 February 1856 – 28 October 1937) was a British promoter of women's education. She had an offer of a university place at the University of Oxford withdrawn when it was realised that the candidate was female. She proved that she was capable of achieving first-class Oxford University degrees but could not receive a formal degree until 1920. Her work as a home tutor for women students led to her being recognised as a founder of St Anne's College, Oxford. She wrote a history of the admission of women to Oxford University and its degrees, which was published posthumously.

Life

Rogers was born in Oxford to James Edwin Thorold Rogers and his second wife, Ann Susannah Charlotte (). Her father was a campaigner for women's rights and later a Liberal MP. She was the eldest of six children and the only girl. Both her parents supported her academic interests, and it is likely that she was taught ancient languages by her father. They were also personally close; Rogers lived with her mother in a house in St Giles until her mother's death in 1899, when she moved to Museum Road.

She had been a child model for Lewis Carroll in 1863. Carroll took pictures of her in costume and wrote a poem which he sent with a photograph. The poem read
A picture, which I hope will
B one that you will like to
C. If your Mamma should
D sire one like it, I could
E sily get her one.
Rogers had an offer of a university place withdrawn when it was realised that she was female. She had come top in the Oxford school examinations in 1873 and was automatically qualified for an exhibition at Balliol or Worcester College. As a consolation prize Balliol gave her volumes of Homer and her place was given to the boy who had come sixth in the tests.

Rogers was able to sit examinations for women at roughly undergraduate level in 1877 and 1879, giving her the equivalent of first-class marks in Latin and Greek and in Ancient History respectively. She was not formally awarded an Oxford degree until 1920 when women became eligible for admission as full members of the university and were given the right to take degrees. In 1879, with the opening of Somerville College and Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University opened its first halls for women students and Rogers, as the only woman with the equivalent of an Oxford University degree became a don (lecturer). In 1881 she became a Senior Tutor in Classics.

Rogers joined the Association for the Education of Women in Oxford upon its formation in 1879. She was a stalwart member of the Association Committee, attending all but four committee meetings between 1879 and 1920, and eventually becoming the committee's Honorary Secretary after 1894. Vera Brittain praises her work on the committee as demonstrating her to be a "natural tactician." She is also credited with overseeing the end of the ascendancy of the AEW over the women's colleges, which gained in independence as a result.

In 1893, she was teaching Latin at Oxford High School. During the controversy in 1896 over whether women should be awarded degrees at Oxford, she was one of the first women to give evidence before the Hebdomadal Council on whether their exclusion from degrees had limited women's prospects in tuition. In 1897, she wrote a paper titled "The position of women at Oxford and Cambridge" which set out a case for improved funding for women's education. The paper inspired Clara Mordan who in time would fund the new buildings of St Hugh's College, Oxford. Rogers remained a tutor at St Hugh's until 1921, when she resigned this position.

Notably she became to secretary of the Society of Oxford Home-Students which would, in 1952, become St Anne's College, Oxford. She was a talented tutor to the women who were studying Classics at home and she is acknowledged as one of the founders of St Anne's College. A half-serious reference at the time of the college's being named 'St Anne's' suggested that it had been named partly after her.

Rogers died in the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford in 1937 after being struck by a lorry in St Giles'. She was buried in Wolvercote Cemetery, Oxford, on 1 November. In her memory a garden was laid out to the north of the University Church of St Mary the Virgin, and a stone bench there bears an inscription in her memory. A blue plaque was erected in her memory at her home at 35 St Giles' on 23 September 2020.

Her book Degrees by Degrees was published in 1938; it is subtitled "The Story of the Admission of Oxford Women Students to Membership of the University".

References

External links

1856 births
1937 deaths
First women admitted to degrees at Oxford
Fellows of St Hugh's College, Oxford
Women classical scholars

Annie Rogers


KGBeast is a fictional character in DC Comics. He is a Russian assassin and former KGB agent who has appeared as an enemy of Batman and other superheroes in the DC universe. KGBeast was created by Jim Starlin and Jim Aparo, and first appeared in Batman #417 in 1988. He is known for his highly skilled combat abilities and proficiency in various forms of weaponry, including firearms and explosives. KGBeast is also notable for his involvement in the "Ten Nights of the Beast" storyline, where he was sent to kill 10 high-profile Americans by the Soviet government. He has also been a member of the Suicide Squad and the Secret Society of Super Villains.

DC Comics characters

KGBeast


Presença - Folha de Arte e Crítica (lit. "Presence: A Journal of Art and Critique") was a Portuguese magazine published in Coimbra from 10 March 1927 until 1940, producing a total of 54 issues during its existence.

History
Presença was an influential magazine. João Gaspar Somões and Branquinho da Fonseca founded the magazine in 1927 and were its primary directors alongside José Régio. Branquinho da Fonseca left the magazine after the 27th issue in 1930 due to concerns about creative freedom, which was seen as a reaction to Régio's increasing involvement with the publication.

Starting with the 27th edition, which was published in 1930, the magazine's leadership was split three ways with the addition of Adolfo Casais Monteiro in 1938. The following year, the magazine's format was revised and expanded to contain more pages. The magazine briefly had an additional editor, secretary Alberto de Serpa and published two more volumes, November 1939 and February 1940. Presença was ultimately dissolved due to ideological struggles between Simões and Monteiro.

Writers who were published in Presença included Adolfo Correia Rocha (later known by the pseudonym Miguel Torga), Aquilino Ribeiro, Edmundo de Bettencourt, Carlos Queiroz, Júlio/Saul Diar and an entire generation of poets, prosers, pensioners and plastic artists, who would become known as "the Presença generation" or "precencistas". While its emphasis on art was secondary, Presença published essays about art by Diogo de Macedo, José Régio, and the magazine argued in support of the First Independent Salon in 1930. Numerous artists contributed to the magazine, including Almada Negreiros, Júlio Diogo de Macedo, Dordio Gomes, Sarah Afonso, Arlindo Vicente, Bernardo Marques, Mário Eloy, João Carlos, Paulo Ferreira, Ventura Porfírio, Arpaz Szenes and Maria Helena Vieira da Silva (in 1940).

Editorial line
Presença defended the creation of a freer and more lively style of literature, opposing academism and routine journalism. It prioritized critique, prizing the individual over the collective, inner psychology over the social aspect, and intuition over reason. Presenting artists from the magazine Orpheu as "masters" (many of whom also contributed to Presença), Presença was critical in developing a second phase of Modernism, which was to be more critical and theoretical than its predecessor. This critical spirit came from the magazine's founders and from Albano Nogueira and Guilherme de Castilho, who were significant contributors to the magazine's doctrine, alongside José Bacelar, José Marinho, Delfim Santos, Saul Dias, Fausto José, Francisco Bugalho, Alberto de Serpa, Luís de Montalvor Mário Saa, Raul Leal and Antonio Botto.

The magazine published authors associated with Modernism, such as  Fernando Pessoa, Mário de Sá-Carneiro, Almada Negreiros and Afonso Duarte,  António de Sousa, Irena Lisboa, Vitorino Nemésio, Pedro Homem de Mello, Tomás de Figueiredo and Olavo de Eça Leal.  These writers primarily contributed poetry (marked by a certain "provençal lyricism"), and were brought to the magazine by António de Navarro, who had been the director of Orpheu.

The poetry featured "presentists," and was based on the text of the compositions of the Song of Coimbra and fado sung by Amália Rodrigues.

The magazine also republished the main works of European writers of the early 20th century including Marcel Proust, André Gide, Paul Valéry, Guillaume Apollinaire and Pirandello.

The magazine promoted literary exchange with Brazilian writers and poets, outside of its official initiatives.

References

1927 establishments in Portugal
1940 disestablishments in Portugal
Culture in Coimbra
Defunct literary magazines published in Europe
Defunct magazines published in Portugal
Literary magazines published in Portugal
Magazines established in 1927
Magazines disestablished in 1940
Portuguese-language magazines

Presença


Jason Gomillion Wright (born July 12, 1982) is an American businessman who is the president of the Washington Commanders of the National Football League (NFL). Born in the Greater Los Angeles area, he attended Northwestern University in the early 2000s and played running back for the Wildcats while earning a degree in psychology. Wright went undrafted following graduation and was briefly a member of the NFL's San Francisco 49ers in 2004 before serving as a reserve running back and special teamer for the Atlanta Falcons, Cleveland Browns, and Arizona Cardinals. He served as a team captain and NFLPA representative with the latter during the 2011 NFL lockout before retiring that same year.

Following his playing career, Wright enrolled and graduated with a Master of Business Administration degree in operations and finance in 2013 from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. After graduation, he moved to Washington, D.C., and began working for the management consulting firm McKinsey & Company, advising companies on workplace culture and diversity. In 2020, Wright was hired as president of the Washington Commanders, making him the first black NFL team president. He is also a business partner with the Union Theological Seminary, Greater Washington Partnership, and The Economic Club of Washington, D.C.

Early life and college
Wright was born on July 12, 1982, in Upland, California, and grew up in Pomona. He attended Diamond Bar High School in Diamond Bar, California, where he lettered in football and track before earning a football scholarship at Northwestern University. He enrolled there in 2000 and played for the Northwestern Wildcats football team originally as a wide receiver before switching to running back. In August 2001, a teammate at Northwestern, Rashidi Wheeler, died from an asthma attack during practice. Wright later cited the event as a "transformative experience" that strengthened his faith in Christianity.

Wright was named co-MVP of the 2003 Motor City Bowl after rushing for 237 yards on 21 carries, and was also named to the 2003 All-Big Ten Conference football team. He finished his Northwestern career with 32 touchdowns on 487 carries and 577 yards and two touchdowns on 54 receptions. He also returned 31 kickoffs for 828 yards and a touchdown. He left as Northwestern's fourth all-time leading rusher with 2,625 yards, the third all-purpose yards leader with 4,030 yards, and the fourth leading scorer with 210 points.

Wright graduated with Bachelor of Arts degree in psychology from the school's Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences. He was also a member of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity and was president of the school's Fellowship of Christian Athletes chapter, being named the inaugural recipient of the Bobby Bowden Award by the latter in 2003.

NFL playing career
Wright attended the NFL Combine but went unselected in the 2004 NFL Draft. He signed with the San Francisco 49ers after the draft but was released as a part of the team's final roster cuts prior to the regular season. Wright then signed with the practice squad of the Atlanta Falcons, being released and re-signed several times during his tenure there. He was elevated to the active roster in December 2004 and appeared in two games before signed with the Cleveland Browns during the 2005 offseason, scoring his first NFL touchdown in a game against the Tennessee Titans that year.

Wright played for the Browns for three seasons as a backup and third-down back behind Reuben Droughns and Jamal Lewis until signing a two-year, 2 million contract with the Arizona Cardinals in 2009. He served as a team captain with Arizona and was their NFLPA representative during the 2011 NFL lockout before retiring later that year. Wright finished his NFL career with 168 rushes for 633 yards and 2 touchdowns along with 72 receptions for 581 yards and 3 touchdowns.

Business career
Following his playing career, Wright enrolled at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and graduated with a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree in operations and finance in 2013. Later that year he became a consultant for the management consulting firm McKinsey & Company where he advised companies on organizational culture , workplace diversity, and failure at organizational branding and historical honorifics.

Wright has served on the board of trustees for the Union Theological Seminary in New York since 2017, and as co-chair with Sheila Johnson on the Greater Washington Partnership's Inclusive Growth Strategy Council since 2021. He is also a member of The Economic Club of Washington, D.C., and spoke at a event in February 2022.

Washington Football Team / Commanders

In August 2020, Wright was hired by the Washington Football Team as their team president to lead their business operations, financing, and marketing. The move made him the first black president of an NFL team in history, as well as the youngest active one at the time of his hiring. Additionally, he is only the fourth former player to be president of an NFL team. Wright helped lead the franchise during their rebranding process to become the Commanders in 2022.

For his work with the team, Wright was the recipient of the "Best Hire of 2020" award by the Sports Business Journal and was named to Black Enterprise "Top 40 under 40" list in 2021.

Personal life
Wright's family has a history with civil rights. His great-great uncle, Charles Gomillion, was a Tuskegee University professor and the plaintiff in Gomillion v. Lightfoot, a landmark 1960 US Supreme Court case regarding voting rights that became instrumental in the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Wright was given the middle name Gomillion in honor of him. His paternal grandfather, Harvey Wright, was also an educator and activist who started several NAACP chapters in Texas. Wright's sister Allison is a public defender in Massachusetts.

Wright is divorced from Tiffany Braxton whom he married in 2007; the two met as students at Northwestern. He is close friends with Michael Blake, a fellow Northwestern graduate who later served as the Vice Chair of the Democratic National Committee from 2017 to 2021. Blake served as an advisor during Wright's transition as Commanders president in the early 2020s.

References

External links

 Washington Commanders bio
 McKinsey & Company bio (archived)
 Northwestern Wildcats bio (archived)

1982 births
21st-century African-American businesspeople
21st-century African-American sportspeople
African-American business executives
African-American Christians
African-American players of American football
African-American sports executives and administrators
American chief executives of professional sports organizations
American football running backs
American management consultants
Arizona Cardinals players
Atlanta Falcons players
Christians from California
Cleveland Browns players
Living people
McKinsey & Company people
National Football League team presidents
Northwestern Wildcats football players
Sportspeople from Diamond Bar, California
People from Upland, California
San Francisco 49ers players
Players of American football from San Bernardino County, California
University of Chicago Booth School of Business alumni
Washington Commanders executives
Washington Football Team executives
Players of American football from Pomona, California
Diamond Bar High School alumni

Jason Wright


The Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland (IESIS) is a multi-disciplinary professional body and learned society, founded in Scotland, for professional engineers in all disciplines and for those associated with or taking an interest in their work. Its main activities are an annual series of evening talks on engineering, open to all, and a range of school events aimed at encouraging young people to consider engineering careers.

IESIS is registered as a Scottish Charity, No SC011583 and is the fourth oldest, still-active, registered Company in Scotland.

Members, Fellows, Graduates or Companions are entitled to use the abbreviated distinctive letters after their name - MIES, FIES, GIES, CIES.

Foundation
The inaugural meeting of the Institution of Engineers in Scotland was held on 1 May 1857. Office bearers were appointed and the principal objective of the new institution was set down as "the encouragement and advancement of Engineering Science and Practice". It was to have a broad basis for membership, and engineers from the mining, foundry, railway, iron, shipbuilding and other industries were to be eligible. The prime movers behind the founding of the Institution were William John Macquorn Rankine, Regius Professor of Civil Engineering and Mechanics at the University of Glasgow, and Walter Montgomerie Neilson, one of the major figures in establishing Glasgow's locomotive-building industry. Rankine was the first President of the Institution and Neilson succeeded him in 1859. The Engineer James Howden, who died in 1913, was the last surviving founding member of the Institution.

The Institution was an early promoter of consciousness of industrial effects on the environment. In those early years there was a pervading atmosphere of enquiry into the applications of steam power. In 1858 the Institution was responsible for a public meeting, held in the Glasgow City Chambers, to establish "An Association for Promoting Safety, Economy and Absence of Smoke in the raising and use of Steam".

The Scottish Shipbuilders Association had been formed in 1860 and amalgamated with the Institution of Engineers in Scotland on 25 October 1865. The name Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland was adopted in 1870. The first female President of the Institution, Karen Dinardo, took office on 4 October 2016, at the start of a two-year term. Her father, Carlo Dinardo, had been president in 1999–2001.

The Institution has had a number of headquarters. The building at 39 Elmbank Crescent, Glasgow was commissioned and built in 1906–08 and was designed by J.B. Wilson. In the foyer of this building, there is a memorial to the 36 engineers who died on RMS Titanic. The marble and bronze memorial was subscribed by members, designed by the sculptor William Kellock Brown, and unveiled on 15 April 1914. The Institution, with the permission of Scottish Opera, current occupiers of the building, organised a memorial service in the building on 14 April 2012.

Current name
In 2020, the Institution reverted its name to the Institution of Engineers in Scotland, reflecting the breadth of engineering disciplines among its membership and practised throughout Scotland.

Lectures
In addition to an annual programme of evening talks on various engineering topics, the Institution endows two prestige lectures:

 The annual MacMillan Memorial Lecture established in 1959 in memory of Hugh Miller MacMillan, a prominent shipbuilding Engineer in Scotland, England and Northern Ireland.
 The biennial Marlow (Scotland) Lecture established in 1964.

Both have attracted high-profile speakers.

Digitisation programme
IESIS has a significant collection of engineering papers and other materials in its archives. Since 2013, there has been a programme to digitise all Transactions of the Institution from its earliest days so that these may be made available as a reference resource.

Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame
In 2011, IESIS launched a new initiative, The Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame, to celebrate Scotland's tradition of engineering and shipbuilding. It provides role models for young people considering careers in engineering.

The first seven inductees were announced by President Gordon Masterton at the Institution's annual James Watt Dinner in September 2011. As of 2019, there have been 39 names added to the Hall of Fame, nine of whom were living inductees: Douglas Anderson (retinal imaging), Hugh Gill (bionic hand), Thomas Graham Brown (ultrasound scanner), Sir Donald Miller (electric power supply system), James Goodfellow (automated teller machine), Sir Duncan Michael (structural engineer and business leader), Craig Clark (satellite engineer), Naeem Hussain (bridge engineer) and Gordon McConnell (aircraft engineer). To date there have been four female inductees, Dorothée Pullinger, Anne Gillespie Shaw, Victoria Drummond and Mary Fergusson.

The Hall of Fame panel encourages nominations from the public as well as members.

Presidents
The following is a list of the presidents of the Institution since its inception:.

Notes

References

External links
Official website
MacMillan Memorial Lecture
Marlow (Scotland) Lecture

Engineering societies based in the United Kingdom
Professional associations based in Scotland
Science and technology in Scotland
Shipbuilding in Scotland
1857 establishments in Scotland
Organizations established in 1857
Organisations based in Glasgow
Marine engineering organizations


A feigned retreat is a military tactic where a force will pretend to be defeated, fake a retreat, then while they are being pursued, turn and ambush the enemy. It can be used to cause confusion in the enemy ranks or to force some to leave and weaken their battle formations. Battlefield commanders have had to use this tactic carefully so the feigned retreat did not become a real retreat. It was a tactic used in ancient history and is still being used today. Sun Tzu wrote about it in his book The Art of War. He warned his readers: "When some are seen advancing and some retreating, it is a lure."

In history
 At the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC, the Ancient Greeks were fighting a sea battle with the more numerous Persian navy. Themistocles, the Greek leader, leaked information that was taken back to the Persians that the Greeks were ready to flee and that if the Persians acted right away, they could claim a huge victory. While not an actual feigned retreat but more a rumored one, it worked just as well, as the Persians were defeated.

 At the Battle of Cannae in 216 BC, Hannibal weakened his center on purpose to get the Roman army to attack that point in his lines. As the center fell back slowly, the two stronger wings of the Carthaginian army folded onto the unsuspecting Romans. For the rest of the day, the Carthaginians slaughtered the trapped Romans.

 William the Conqueror ordered two feigned retreats according to William of Poitiers. That was a difficult tactic to use once without causing a complete rout and so it is unlikely he did it twice. It is more likely that William's troops broke ranks and were rallied back into the fight by their leader.The cavalry scene in the Bayeux tapestry shows William with his helmet off with the Latin words Hic est dux Wilelmus (here is Duke Willliam). That supports the theory that the Normans retreated because they believed William had been killed. He pulled his helmet off to show his face and to rally his men back to the battle. Calling it a feigned retreat may have been a politically correct way of saying their army ran away and had to be called back. Nonetheless, many Anglo-Saxon soldiers were foolish enough to chase after William's retreating men but were then killed in the counterattack.

Related pages
 Flanking maneuver
 Pincer movement (also called a double-envelopment)
 Turning movement
 Ambush
 Envelopment
 Flanking maneuver
 Rearguard
 Attrition warfare
 Preemptive war
 Oblique order
 Shock tactics

References

Other websites
 The Battle of Cannae 216 BC; YouTube

Military terminology
Military tactics

Feigned retreat


Reverend Henry Cadwallader Adams (4 November 1817 – 17 October 1899) was a 19th-century English cleric, schoolmaster and writer of children's novels.

He was the grandson of Simon Adams of Ansty Hall, Warwickshire. He was educated at Westminster School, Winchester College, Balliol College (1835) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1836), becoming a fellow of Magdalen in 1843.  After some time as a Commoner Tutor at Winchester, in 1855 he became chaplain of Bromley College, an almshouse for the widows of clergy.

Works

Fiction
Adams wrote children's novels, specialising in tales of Victorian Public School life and adventures in far-flung parts of Empire. His novels included:
 The Cherry-stones, or Charlton School (1851)
 Who Did It?, or Holmwood Priory. A Schoolboy's Tale (1852)
 Sivan the Sleeper (1857)
 Schoolboy Honour; a tale of Halminster College (1861)
 The Indian Boy (1865)
 Balderscourt, or Holiday Tales (1866)
 Falconshurst; or, Birthday tales (1869)
 Hair-breadth escapes, or, The adventures of three boys in South Africa London: Griffith & Farran (1876)
 The Boy Cavaliers, or The Siege of Clidesford (1878)
 The Winborough Boys, or Ellerslie Park (1879)
 Perils in the Transvaal and Zululand London: Griffith, Farran, Okeden & Welsh (1887)
 Travellers' Tales: a book of marvels (1883)
 Wroxby College, Or, the Luscombe Prize: A Tale of Boy Life
 School and University; Or, Dolph Woodward
 The Mystery of Beechey Grange Or the Missing Host: A Tale for Boys
 College days at Oxford, or, Wilton of Cuthbert's (1887)
 The Lost Rifle, or, Schoolboy Faction
 Schooldays at Kingscourt

School textbooks
 A New Greek Delectus, London, 3rd edition (1855)
 Greek Exercises, Adapted to Adams's Greek Delectus, and Wordsworth's Greek Grammar (1856)
 A New Latin Delectus: Adapted to the Arrangement of the Eton, and Edward the Sixth's Latin Grammars (1857)
 Latin Exercises, Adapted to the Arrangement of the Eton and Edward VI's Grammars, and Adams's Latin Delectus
 Adams's Principia Graeca, Being a Grammar and Delectus Combined (1871)

Religious
 The Greek text of the Gospels: with prolegomena, notes and references, for the use of schools and colleges (1886)
 The Judges of Israel, or Tales for Sunday Reading
 Sunday Evenings at Home (1880)
 Sundays at Encombe
 The History of the Jews from the war with Rome to the present time (1887)

Poetry
 The twelve foundations and other poems (1859)

Other
 Wykehamica: A History of Winchester College and Commoners: Oxford, London and Winchester (1878)

References
 Victorian Novels of Public School Life Christopher Stray (2003)
 Wainewright, John Bannerman (ed). Winchester College 1836–1906: A Register. P. and G. Wells, 1907.
 Bloxam, J. R., A Register of the Presidents, Fellows, Demies, Instructors in Grammar and in Music, Chaplains, Clerks, Choristers, and Other Members of Saint Mary Magdalen College in the University of Oxford: The demies. v. 1-4; 1482-1857 (1873)
 The Oxford Magazine (1900) vol 18 p 21
 Notes and Queries 1906 p 285

External links

1817 births
19th-century English writers
People educated at Winchester College
1899 deaths
English children's writers
19th-century English male writers

Henry Cadwallader Adams


Vladimir Emanuel Alexander Count Logothetti (4 August 1822 in Filiale Tamassy (now Tomášovce, Slovakia) – 7 December 1892 in Radautz, Bukovina (now Rădăuţi, Romania)) was an Austrian-Hungarian nobleman, officer, politician and founder of the first voluntary fire brigade in Moravia.

Descent

Logothetti originated from an old Byzantine lineage claiming an origin dating back to the Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I Logothetes (reigned 802-811) that settled after the fall of Constantinople (1453) on the Ionian island of Zante (Zakynthos). In the 18th century a descendant, the officer of the Venetian Republic Giacomo (James) Conte Logothetti (1741–1802) went to the principality of Moldavia. After the annexation of the Bukovina he became an Austrian citizen. His issue played an important role in the defence of this most eastern Austrian province and were counted among the honourables of its capital Czernowitz (nowadays: Chernivtsi, Чернівці, Ukraine).

Vladimir's father, Hugo I Logothetti (1801–1861) bought after his marriage with Pauline Baroness von Bartenstein, a direct offspring of the chancellor of the Empress Maria-Theresia Johann Christoph von Bartenstein, in 1830 the manors Bilovice and Březolupy near the South Moravian town of Uherské Hradiště. He was known as Maecenas of the Czech painter Josef Mánes(1820–1871) to whom he commissioned a portrait of Veruna Čudová. This painting is nowadays the most known genre piece of Mánes.

Vladimir has been born 4 August 1822 in Filiale Tamassy (now Tomášovce, Lučenec District/Slovakia) where his father Hugo I Logothetti (1822–1892) served as Austrian army officer. He was the eldest of seven children. After one year his sister Hedwig (1823–1899) was born in Filiale Tamassy. As was usual in that period three other children died in infant age – Bertha (*,†1825), Lodoiska (1826–1829) and Alfred (1830–1833). The uncertain military life with ever changing posts in then poorest part of the Austrian Empire, the so-called "Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria" will have been one of the reasons of this high loss of children.

In 1830 Hugo I Logothetti bought after selling his hereditary properties in the Bukovina the manors Bilovice and Březolupy near the South Moravian town of Uherské Hradiště. His youngest children Julia (1833–1854) and Zdenko (1835–1881) were born in Moravia. Hugo I was known as Maecenas of the Czech painter Josef Mánes(1820–1871) to whom he commissioned a portrait of Veruna Čudová. This painting is nowadays the most known genre piece of Mánes. Thanks to the Bucovinian money and the heritage of his wife the family was able to live the quiet life of country gentry.

Career
Following his studies at a high school in Brünn (now: Brno) Vladimir entered as voluntary cadet the 5th Cuirassier Regiment Graf Auersperg in Brünn. Soon afterwards he was sent into combat during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and fought as officer of the 4th Uhlan Regiment in Upper Hungary, Transylvania and Italy. He was wounded several times and received a big number of Austrian and Russian decorations for personal courage.

During the war he made acquaintance in the Transylvanian Komitat Kronstadt (now Braşov/Romania) with his later spouse, female descendant from the catholic branch of important Transylvanian Hungarian, mostly Calvinist lineage. They married in 1851 (see below). Vladimir's father requested in 1831, 1832 and 1834 recognition of the traditional noble title of his lineage by the Austrian Court. Because of the bad situation of the Bucovinian records he was not able to deliver all necessary documents and thus far didn't acquire recognition of the title of Count the Logothettis used since 1703. The active participation of the Logothettis in the struggle for survival of the Empire against Hungarian, German and Italian revolts in 1848/9 was rewarded with an imperial decree of 8 July 1848 allowing Hugo I and his sons to "use the foreign title of Count".

Till 1860 Vladimir was in active service as army officer, mainly in Galicia and Transylvania, where the first three children were born. When his father's health grew worse Vladimir returned to Moravia to take over the administration of the family properties. He left active service in the rank of Commander of the 1st Division of the Voluntary Uhlan Regiment, than fighting in Northern Italy.

Vladimir settled in Bílovice, his younger brother Zdenko lived with theirin 1861 widowed mother Pauline Countess Logothetti née Baroness Bartenstein (1800–1872) in Březolupy. Thanks to the big dowry of his wife Vladimir was able to modernise the Bílovice manor thoroughly and to build a new wing. On the c1860 photograph the new eastern wing is clearly recognisable.

After his father's dead in 1861 Vladimir was officially declared disabled for active military service. He then took over the social role of his father. In 1864-1865 he was mayor of Bílovice, in the fourth and fifth term of the Moravian Diet (1871–1877) he was member of parliament in Brünn (Brno) for the party of lower nobility and took a strictly Moravian position.

 For the development of the village of Bílovice in particular and that of Southern Moravia in general the most important deed of Vladimir was the creation in 1869 of the first Moravian Voluntary Fire Brigade. Blazes were an often returning catastrophe in that time and as an experienced military Vladimir knew how to handle with it. In 1861 and 1865 Vladimir and his brother Zdenko effectively helped to master blazes in the near village of Kněžpole that offered them then the honorary citizenship. In 1869 Vladimir became also honorary citizen of Bílovice, being the first commander of the newly erected Fire Brigade. In 1873 Logothetti was one of the initiators of a new Law on Voluntary Fire Brigades in all villages counting more than 100 houses in the Moravian Diet.

Vladimir spoke fluently Czech, German, Romanian, Hungarian and Polish. He organised competitions between Czech and German speaking schoolboys and was active in the Uherské Hradiště Men's Chorus that he founded with his father. In 1863 he founded together with his brother Zdenko the first Moravian rowing club Rudenverein Moravia in Uherské Hradiště.

Three false tries to come to a Moravian Compromise regulating the cohabitation of Czech and German speaking Moravians (in 1848, 1868 and 1871) got nowhere (the Moravian Compromise was finally made as late as in 1905) and Vladimir decided disappointed to leave active politics to return to the accustomed life of an active military. In 1877 he refused to candidate for the sixth term of the Diet and entered instead of that the Uhlan Squadron of the Royal Galician Home Guard.

In 1882 Vladimir accepted the available function of Commander of the State Horse Breeding in Drogowitz (nu: Дрогобич/Drogobych in the Ukraine). In 1883 he changed this position for the more important one of Commander of the State Military Stud Farm in Radautz in the Bucovina. The postcard shows his official dwelling. Logothetti developed further the breeding of Carpathian Hucul ponies that were much used by the Austro-Hungarian Army for their endurance.

On 7 December 1892 the 70 years old officer died due to adverse effects after a bad spill from his horse. His corpse was transferred to Bílovice and buried with military honour at the family cemetery. The Bílovice Voluntary Frire Brigade is memorating every fifth year their founder.

Family

Vladimir Logothetti married 25 October 1851 in the Catholic Cathedral of the Transylvanian capital Klausenburg (now Cluj-Napoca/Romania) with Maria Karolina Rosalia Johanna Countess Nemes de Hidvég et Oltszem (1826–1906). She was an offspring from the Catholic branch of an old Transylvanian noble lineage. The family was mostly Calvinist and acquired its title from the legendary Transylvanian Prince Gabriel Bethlen. The Calvinist branch had their own pews in the still-existing Hungarian Calvinist church in Fárkas útca (Wolfstrasse, now Strada Mihail Kogǎniceanu) in Kolozsvár (Cluj). The Catholic branch reconverted in 1755 with Karolina's grandfather Ádam grof Nemes de Hídvégi (†1766). They acquired then the title of Count (gróf) and had in Klausenburg their own crypta in the Catholic University Church, the Piarist's or Academic Church.

The married couple had four children: Hugo II (1852–1918), later a high Austro-Hungarian diplomat; Alfred (1853–1923), Austro-Hungarian army officer and after 1918 Romanian landowner; Rosalia (1856–1942), honorary lady of the Noble Ladies' Convent Maria Schul in Brünn (Brno); and Maria (1859–1929), married Paul Lamoral Baron Taxis von Bordogna und Valnigra (1852–1901).

Orders and honours
Logothetti obtained during his active military service several decorations for personal courage:
Imperial and Royal War Medal, Austrian Empire – 1848
Military Merit Cross, Austrian Empire - 1849
Knight's Cross 3rd Class with Swords of the Order of Saint Anne, Russian Empire – 1849
Knight of the Order of the Iron Crown, Austrian Empire – 1861
The St. Mary's Cross, German Knights (Austrian Branch) – 1882

Literature
Family records Logothetti 1734-1945, now Moravský zemský archiv, Brno (Czech Republic), fond G 195
Ernst Brückmüller, Hannes Stekl, Péter Hanák, Ilona Sármány-Parsons, Bürgertum in der Habsburgermonarchie: Kleinstadtbürgertum in der Habsburgermonarchie 1862-1914. Wien, Böhlau 2002,  (Ungarisch-Hradisch).
Wilken Engelbrecht, Rod Logothettiů, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace III (1998), p. 17-27. .
(red.) Alois Koch, Encyklopädie der gesammten Thierheilkunde und Thierzucht VIII, Perles 1891, p. 262.
Pavel Krystýn. Bílovičtí páni. Logothettiové. In. Ibid., Bílovice 1256-2006. Obecní úřad Bílovice / Vydavatelství Petr Brázda, Bílovice/Břeclav 2006, p. 27-34. .
Vladimír Krystýn, Logothettiové z Bílovic. In: Slovácko XL (1998), p. 221-234. .
Gustav Amon von Treuenfest, Geschichte des k. und k. Uhlanen-Regiments Kaiser. Verlag des Regiments 1901.

Notes

1822 births
1892 deaths
19th-century Austrian people
19th-century Hungarian people
Austro-Hungarian Army officers
Nobility of Austria-Hungary
Moravian nobility
Romanian people of Italian descent
Romanian people of Greek descent
Austrian people of Italian descent
Austrian people of Greek descent
Austrian people of Romanian descent
Hungarian people of Romanian descent
Hungarian people of Italian descent
Hungarian people of Greek descent
People from Lučenec District

Vladimir Logothetti


A ponor is a natural opening where surface water enters into underground passages; they may be found in karst landscapes where the geology and the geomorphology is typically dominated by porous limestone rock. Ponors can drain stream or lake water continuously or can at times work as springs, similar to estavelles. Morphologically, ponors come in forms of large pits and caves, large fissures and caverns, networks of smaller cracks, and sedimentary, alluvial drains.

Etymology
The name for the karst formation ponor comes from Croatian and Slovene. It derives from the proto-Slavic word nora, meaning pit, hole, abyss; the English word narrow probably has the same origin. The noun "ponor" used in contemporary Slovak and Czech has similar meaning - "dive" or "submerging".

Several places in southeast Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Montenegro, Slovenia) bear the name Ponor due to associated karst openings.

Description
Whereas a sinkhole (doline) is a depression of surface topography with a pit or cavity directly underneath, a ponor is kind of a portal where a surface stream or lake flows either partially or completely underground into a karst groundwater system. Steady water erosion may have formed or enlarged the portal in (mainly limestone) rock, in a conglomerate, or in looser materials. Karst terrains are known for surface water losses through small ponors and its resurgence after having traveled through vast underground systems.

Prevalence
Ponors are found worldwide, but only in karst regions. The entire Adriatic watershed within Bosnia and Herzegovina sits on Dinaric karst, with numerous explored and probably many more unexplored ponors and underground flows.  There are significant geological ponors in the Carpathian Mountains, the Dinaric Alps, Greece, Turkey, and parts of the southern United States.

Dams and reservoirs in karst
Reservoirs in karst are prone to losses due to leakage through ponors. The construction of dams to capture water in karst terrains may pose a great financial risk despite initial investigations and thorough sealing treatments. It wasn't until the twentieth century that the first dams in karst were built, some of which famously failed.

See also
 Karst spring
 Losing stream

References

.
Karst formations
Dinaric Alps
Dinaric karst formations
Sinkholes

Ponor


Morris Sawyer Tremaine (February 27, 1871 – October 12, 1941) was an American businessman and Democratic Party politician from Buffalo, New York. He served as New York State Comptroller for almost 15 years.

Life
Tremaine was born in Fort Dodge, Kansas on February 27, 1871. He was the son of William Scott Tremaine, an army surgeon from New York stationed at Fort Dodge, who was among the founders of the Town of Dodge City, Kansas in 1872. Tremaine lived with his family at Fort Dodge and in Cobourg, Ontario, Canada before they settled in Buffalo, New York when he was 10 years old.

Tremaine attended both public and private schools in Buffalo, and graduated from Upper Canada College in Toronto at the age of 17. He started work at age 17 as a tally boy on the Buffalo docks for the Holland, Graves & Montgomery wholesale lumber firm. (Tally boys aided ship's crews and merchants in the counting and weighing of cargo being loaded and unloaded.) He worked his way through the company ranks to become a salesman, and later opened and managed a New York City branch office.

In 1897, Tremaine was appointed secretary of a wholesale lumber business, Montgomery Bros. & Co. In 1903 he was appointed president of the Toledo Fire & Marine Insurance Company. In 1905 he was named president of the National Lumber Insurance Company of Buffalo. Also in 1905, Tremaine became vice president of the Montgomery Lumber Company of Suffolk, Virginia. In 1914, he joined the J. G. Wilson Corporation, makers of rolling steel doors and folding partitions, and he was the company's president when he retired in 1930. In 1923, he was elected vice president of Smith, Fassett & Co., a wholesale lumber dealer in North Tonawanda, New York. Tremaine served on the board of directors of the National Wholesale Lumber Association. He was also an organizer of the King Sewing Machine Company, which was later purchased by Sears, Roebuck & Co.

During World War I Tremaine was involved in organizing several Liberty Loan bond drives, in addition to being one of the largest purchasers of the bonds himself.

Tremaine was New York State Comptroller from 1927 to 1941, elected in 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938. He died in Albany, New York on October 12, 1941, while in the middle of his seventh term. He was buried at Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.

Family
On June 21, 1898, he married Maude Middledith in Plainfield, New Jersey. They were the parents of two sons, businessmen Lawrence Tremaine of Buffalo, and James G. Tremaine of New York City.

References

External links
The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Trelease to Trimbell at politicalgraveyard.com Political Graveyard
Quotes by Morris S. Tremaine at www.famousquotes.com Famous Quotes.com
 The Securities Act of 1933, in TIME magazine on May 21, 1934
EARLY FORD COUNTY, by Ida Ellen Rath, Ch. 3 | Dodge City Town Company | Dodge City, Kansas KS at skyways.lib.ks.us The Dodge City Town Company, at skyways

1871 births
1941 deaths
Upper Canada College alumni
New York (state) Democrats
New York State Comptrollers
Businesspeople from Buffalo, New York
People from Ford County, Kansas
Burials at Forest Lawn Cemetery (Buffalo)
Politicians from Buffalo, New York

Morris S. Tremaine


The Antelope was a ship of the English Tudor navy, launched in 1546. She was rebuilt three times, in 1558, 1581 and 1618. She thus served in various forms from the time of King Henry VIII to the English Civil War. She is mostly remembered for being a part of the fleet that defeated the Spanish Armada.

History of the ship
According to the royal inventory of 1547, the Antelope had a crew of 170 with 30 gunners. Her armaments included; a brass demi-cannon; 3 brass culverins; 4 iron demi-culverins; 3 sakers; 4 port pieces; 2 slings; 2 demi-slings; 2 quarter-slings; 11 iron single bases; 8 hagbuts and 4 hail-shot pieces. Handarms included 50 yew bows, 86 bills, and 72 Moorish pikes. The Antelope was described in a navy list of 5 January 1548 as a "galleass" of 300 tons built in 1546 with a crew of 200 and armed with 4 brass and 40 iron guns. As depicted in the Anthony Roll, she was a flush-decked vessel carrying a battery of guns on the lower deck; she carried a four-masted rig and her lower deck was pierced for nine pairs of gunports. In 1549 she was re-classed from a galleass to a 'ship'. In action against Scotland, the Antelope was one of 12 ships dispersed by a storm off Flamborough Head on Wednesday 27 December 1559. Captain Southwick brought her back to join William Winter's fleet in the Firth of Forth.

She was rebuilt in 1558 as a galleon of 341 tons, acquiring a forecastle and a half-deck aft. In 1581 she was again rebuilt as a race-built galleon of 400 tons. A more detailed description is given in a navy list of 1603 where she is said to have measured 350 tons and had a crew of 160 (consisting of 114 sailors, 16 gunners and 30 soldiers). At this time, Antelope carried 26 heavy and 12 light guns.

She participated in the campaign against the Spanish Armada in 1588, when she had a crew of 170 and mounted 30 guns. The Antelope was captained by Sir Henry Palmer and belonged to the squadron of Lord Henry Seymour in which she took part in the Battle of Gravelines and the chase of the Spanish fleet to the north. In 1597 Antelope, then commanded by Captain Sir Thomas Vavasour, participated in the unsuccessful expedition against the Azores led by the Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Raleigh.

She was again rebuilt in 1618 and classified as a middling ship of 450 tons and 34 guns. The only remarkable action in her later career is her participation in Sir Robert Mansells disappointing expedition against Algiers in 1620/1621. In the beginning of October 1624 Antelope - then under the command of Sir Thomas Button - was hit by a storm and driven onto the Goodwin Sands after her anchor cables were cut by a merchant ship. Though she lost all her masts and her rudder she got off into the Downs and was repaired by Phineas Pett whose son John had been on board. He left a description of this incident in his Autobiography.

During the Second English Civil War she was among the ships that were brought over to the royalist side by vice admiral William Batten in June 1648 and carried into  Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands. When Prince Rupert was made commander of the badly equipped royalist fleet, he sold Antelope'''s brass guns to fit out some other ships. In the spring of 1649 Antelope was ready for sea, but her weak crew was surprised by a raid of seamen from the parliamentarian ship Happy Entrance who took the ship without a fight and immediately destroyed her.

Notes

References
 Clowes, William Laird: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vols. 1-2,1896-1898
 Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650–1850. Conway Maritime Press. .
 Winfield, Rif (2009) British Warships in the Age of Sail 1603-1714: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. .
 Knighton, C. S. & Loades, David M., The Anthony Roll of Henry VIII's Navy: Pepys Library 2991 and British Library Additional MS 22047 with related documents.'' Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot. 2000.

Ships of the English navy
English Civil War
16th-century ships

English ship Antelope (1546)


Robert James McMordie, KC (31 January 1849 – 25 March 1914) was an Irish barrister, politician, and Lord Mayor of Belfast.

Son of the Rev. J A McMordie, he was born in Cumran, County Down, and educated at the Royal Academical Institution, Belfast and Queen's College, Belfast. He received an M.A. from Queen's University. In 1874 he took silk, practising until 1899. In 1885 he married Julia Gray, daughter of Sir William Gray of West Hartlepool, in 1885.

He was a Unionist member of the Belfast Corporation from 1907, serving as the city's Lord Mayor during the turbulent years from 1910 until his sudden death in 1914. Member of parliament for East Belfast from December 1910, McMordie was President of the Irish Industrial Development Association, Belfast. His statue stands in the grounds of Belfast City Hall.

In 1912 he helped to establish the Young Citizen Volunteers of Ireland, an entity which, until its merger into the Ulster Volunteers, spanned much of the province of Ulster from isolated loyalist outposts on the Atlantic coast of County Donegal to East Belfast, a Unionist heartland. The inauguration was in Belfast on 10 September 1912.

"Each member was to pay 2s. 6d. on joining the YCVs and a further 6d. each month: he was to attend weekly drills, there to learn modified military and police drill, single stick, rifle and baton exercises, signalling, knot-tying and other such exercises. If possible he was also to gain some knowledge of life saving and ambulance work..."

Lord Mayor McMordie died at Cabin Hill, Knock, Belfast, aged 65. The hall in Queen's University Students Union was named after him until renamed the Mandela Hall.

Quote
In times of difficulty men had to carry their guns while they followed the plough… the nation or the people that had lost the fighting instinct was sure to be swamped by others who possessed that instinct.

References

External links

Ulster-Scots & Irish Unionist Resource - YCV - Young Citizen Volunteers at www.ulster-scots.co.uk
http://www.greengairsthistle.com/ycv.htm

1849 births
1914 deaths
Ulster Unionist Party councillors
Irish Presbyterians
Lawyers from Belfast
Lord Mayors of Belfast
Lawyers from County Down
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
People educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution
19th-century King's Counsel
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Belfast constituencies (1801–1922)
UK MPs 1910–1918
19th-century Irish businesspeople

R. J. McMordie


Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie (3 October 1705 – 1 January 1759) was a French diplomat who engineered the coup d'etat that brought Elizaveta Petrovna to the Russian throne in 1741. In the course of his eventful career, La Chetardie was sent on diplomatic errands throughout Europe: in London (1727), then in Holland and Prussia, in Russia twice, and finally in Turin in 1749 in the company of Jean-Louis Favier.

When he arrived as Ambassador to Saint Petersburg in 1739, he found all the key positions in the imperial administration in the hands of ethnic Germans, inimical to his own country. In order to counterbalance their influence, La Chetardie approached his compatriot, Count Lestocq, and the Swedish ambassador, who was preparing the war with Russia. Their complex manoeuvring resulted in the coup d'etat which made Peter the Great's daughter Elizaveta the new Empress.

Upon her accession to the throne, she awarded La Chetardie with the Order of Saint Andrew and Order of Saint Anna, and he triumphantly returned to Paris, rather naively expecting (and persuading his peers in Versailles) that Elizaveta would abolish her father's reforms, restore the capital to Moscow, and return Russia to its pre-Petrine state, when the Russian diplomacy had not dared to meddle with French designs. Yet he proved to be mistaken as Elizabeth persevered in establishing Russia as a great power to be reckoned with, entrusting the task to the Austrophilic Chancellor Bestuzhev.

In 1743 La Chetardie was again in the Russian capital, clamoring for attention from the Empress and busily intriguing with Elizabeth of Holstein (Catherine II's mother) and Lestocq against Bestuzhev. Their correspondence was intercepted by the latter's agents and divulged to the Empress, who ordered the intriguer to be expelled from the country. The disgruntled Louis XV had him immured in the citadel of Montpellier. Upon his release, La Chetardie took part in the Battle of Rosbach and served as the castellan of Hanau, where he died.

Further reading and references

Joseph Fitzgerald Molloy. The Russian Court in the Eighteenth Century. Hutchinson, 1905.

External links
La Chetardie's secret correspondence online

1705 births
1759 deaths
Diplomats from Paris
Ambassadors of France to the Russian Empire
Ambassadors of France to Prussia
18th-century French diplomats
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna
Court of Elizabeth of Russia


George of Cappadocia (Greek: Γεώργιος ό Καππάδοκης) died 24 December 361) was the intruding Arian bishop of Alexandria from 356 until his martyrdom.

George was born, according to Ammianus Marcellinus, at Epiphania in Cilicia, and, if so, must have been Cappadocian only by descent. (The name "of Cappadocia" by which he is commonly known comes from Athan. Ep. ad Episc. 7.) Gregory Nazianzen describes him as not purely free-born, and as "unlearned," but he undoubtedly collected a library which Julian, no bad judge, describes as "very large and ample," richly stored with philosophical, rhetorical, and historical authors, and with various works of "Galilean" or Christian theology. In February 356, after Athanasius had retired from Alexandria in consequence of the attack on his church, which all but ended in his seizure, he heard that George was to be intruded into his throne, as Gregory had been sixteen years previously. George arrived in Alexandria, escorted by soldiers, during Lent 356. His installation was a signal for new inflictions on Alexandrian church-people. "After Easter week," says Athanasius, "virgins were imprisoned, bishops led away in chains"; "attacks made on houses"; and on the first Sunday evening after Pentecost a number of people who had met for prayer in a secluded place were cruelly maltreated by the commander, Sebastian, a "pitiless Manichaean," for refusing to communicate with George.

The intruding bishop was a man of resolution and action. Gregory of Nazianzushar, who disparages his abilities, admits that he was like a "hand" to the Arians, while he employed an eloquent prelate — probably Acacius — as a "tongue." He belonged to the Acacian section of the party, and was consequently obnoxious to the semi-Arians, who "deposed him" in the council of Seleucia. He allowed the notorious adventurer Aetius, founder of the Anomoeans or ultra-Arians, to officiate as deacon at Alexandria, after having been ordained, as Athanasius tells us, by Leontius of Antioch, although he afterwards "compelled" the Arian bishops of Egypt to sign the decree of the Acacian synod of Constantinople of 360 against Aetius. He induced Theodore, bishop of Oxyrynchus, to submit to degradation from the ministry and to be reordained by him as an Arian bishop. He managed to keep the confidence of Constantius, who congratulated the Alexandrians on having abandoned such "grovelling teachers" as Athanasius and entrusted their "heavenward aspirations" to the guidance of "the most venerable George". But George was far from recommending his form of Christianity either to the orthodox or to the pagans of Alexandria. "He was severe," says Sozomen, "to the adherents of Athanasius", not only forbidding the exercise of their worship, but "inflicting imprisonment and scourges on men and women after the fashion of a tyrant"; while, towards all alike, "he wielded his authority with more violence than belonged to the episcopal rank and character." He was "hated by the magistrates for his supercilious demeanour, by the people for his tyranny". He stood well with Constantius, who was guided theologically by the Acacians; and it was easy for the "pope" of Alexandria to embitter his sovereign (as Julian says he did,) against the Alexandrian community, to name several of its members as disobedient subjects, and to suggest that its grand public buildings ought by rights to pay tax to the treasury. He showed himself a keen man of business, "buying up the nitre-works, the marshes of papyrus and reed, and the salt lakes". He manifested his anti-pagan zeal by arbitrary acts and insulting speeches, procured the banishment of Zeno, a prominent pagan physician, prevented the pagans from offering sacrifices and celebrating their national feasts, brought Artemius, "duke" of Egypt, much given to the destruction of idols, with an armed force into the superb temple of Serapis at Alexandria, which was forthwith stripped of images, votive offerings, and ornaments

On 29 August 358, the people broke into the church of St. Dionysius, where George was then residing, and the soldiers rescued him from their hands with difficulty and after hard fighting. On 2 October he was obliged to leave the city; and the "Athanasians" occupied the churches from  11 October to 24 December, when they were again ejected by Sebastian. Probably George returned soon after he had quitted the Seleucian council, i.e. in November 359. The news of Julian's accession arrived at Alexandria 30 November 361. George was in the height of his pride and power: he had persecuted and mocked the pagans. who now, being officially informed that there was an emperor who worshipped the gods, felt that the gods could at last be avenged. The shout arose, "Away with George!" and "in a moment," says the Fragmentist, they threw him into prison, with Diodorus and Dracontius, the master of the mint, who had overthrown a pagan altar which he found standing there. The captives were kept in irons until the morning of 24 December. Then the pagan mob again assembled, dragged them forth with "horrible shouts" of triumph, and kicked them to death. They flung the mangled body of George on a camel, which they led through every part of the city, dragging the two other corpses along with ropes, and eventually burned the remains on the shore, casting the ashes into the sea.

The Arians regarded George as a martyr; and Edward Gibbon took an evident pleasure in representing "the renowned St. George of England" as the Alexandrian usurper "transformed" into a heroic soldier-saint; but Bishop Milner and others have shown that this assumption of identity is manifestly false, the St. George who is patron saint of England being of an earlier date, though of that saint's life, country, or date we have no certain information.

Notes

References

Further reading

361 deaths
4th-century Popes and Patriarchs of Alexandria
Ancient Roman murder victims
Arian bishops
4th-century Christian martyrs

George of Cappadocia


A spindle whorl is a weighted object fitted to a spindle to help maintain the spindle's speed of rotation while spinning yarn. It typically takes the form of a disk or spherical object, sometimes whorled, normally positioned on the bottom of the spindle. The spinner spins the resulting weighted spindle up to speed, which the whorl maintains, and then slowly pulls the fabric off a mass of fibers which the spindle then twists into yarn.

Historically, whorls have been made of materials like amber, antler, bone, ceramic, coral, glass, stone,  metal (iron, lead, lead alloy), and wood (oak). Local sourced materials have been also used, such as chalk, limestone, mudstone, sandstone, slate, lydite and soapstone.

Gallery

Spinning tools

Spindle whorl


In Catholicism, the doctrine (or theory) of the two swords is an exegesis of Luke 22:38 elaborated in the Middle Ages. It can be understood as a particular justification for the Gelasian doctrine of "the sacred authority of the priesthood and the royal power".

This particular exegesis of "here are two swords ... it is enough" was first put forward by Peter Damian in the 1060s. It was later taken up by Gottschalk of Aachen on behalf of the Emperor Henry IV (1056–1105) against the claims of Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085) during the Investiture Contest. In the 12th century, Bernard of Clairvaux, in his De consideratione, argued that both the "material sword" (gladius materialis) and the "spiritual sword" (gladius spiritualis) belonged ultimately to the Papacy.

By the early 13th century, the two swords were the subject of serious study and debate among canon lawyers and decretalists. The main question was whether Bernard was right. Had God given each sword to its rightful bearer, the Holy Roman Emperor and the pope, or had he given both to the pope, who then bestowed the material sword on the emperor? When Pope Gregory IX started the War of the Keys against Emperor Frederick II in 1228, it was on the basis of a claim to control both swords. In any case, however, churchmen could not bear actual swords; the material swords was to be wielded by laymen, even if under papal authority.

References

External links

Catholic political philosophy
Political theories
Canon law
History of the Holy Roman Empire
History of the papacy

Doctrine of the two swords


Fraser Herald of Arms (Héraut Fraser in French) is the title of one of the officers of arms at the Canadian Heraldic Authority in Ottawa. Like the other heralds at the Authority, the name is derived from the Canadian river of the same name.  Since the inception of the office, Fraser Herald of Arms has been the principal artist of the Canadian Heraldic Authority. As such, Fraser is responsible for overseeing the artwork created for all grants of arms emanating from the Authority.

The design of the badge of office of Fraser Herald of Arms combines symbolism of the sun and water. This is indicative of the fact that the Fraser River is the most important river in British Columbia, which features a sun on its provincial coat of arms. Traditionally, water is depicted in heraldry by white and blue wavy stripes, and the substitution here of gold for white makes a reference to the gold deposits in the Fraser River. At the center of the badge is a cinquefoil, a stylized heraldic strawberry flower of five petals. As this is a feature of coats of arms within the Scottish Clan Fraser (canting arms on fraisier, French for strawberry plant), it pays tribute to the river's namesake, the explorer Simon Fraser. The badge can be blazoned as 'A sun in splendour the disk barry wavy azure and or charged with a fraise argent the straight rays or the wavy azure' (Canadian Public Register).

Holders of the office
1989–present Cathy Bursey-Sabourin

See also
Herald
Royal Heraldry Society of Canada

External links
 Canadian Heraldic Authority
 Canadian Herladic Authority's Public Register of Arms, Flags and Badges – Badge of office

Offices of arms
Fraser River
Canadian Heraldic Authority

Fraser Herald


Lucien L'Allier (1909 - 1978) was a Canadian engineer who is best known for having built the Montreal Metro, the city's subway system.

Early life
Born in the suburb of Saint-Laurent, Quebec he studied with the Frères des écoles chrétiennes, Collège Sainte-Marie de Montréal and McGill University, from which he graduated with a degree in electrical engineering.

Career
In 1935, he took part in a three-year project working on the telephone networks of Bell Canada, and later worked for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation as regional engineer until 1946. In 1946, he joined the staff of the city of Montreal, and became the city's engineering director in 1954. In 1961 the construction of the Montreal Metro began. He supervised a construction project with 5000 workers. McGill University awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1964. The same year, he was appointed Chairman of the Montreal Transit Commission, a position he held until his retirement in 1974.

Legacy
After his death in 1978, a Metro station was renamed in his honor. Rue de l'Aqueduc, north of rue Saint-Jacques, became rue Lucien-L'Allier in 1979. In 2001, the Réseau de transport métropolitain railway Lucien-L'Allier station adjacent to the Metro station was also renamed.

References
http://www.stm.info/metro/m16.htm

1909 births
1978 deaths
Canadian electrical engineers
Montreal Metro
People from Saint-Laurent, Quebec
McGill University Faculty of Engineering alumni

Lucien L'Allier


Adrian Ivaniţchi (born September 15, 1947) is a Romanian folk musician and guitarist. He was one of the founding members of Coral, one of the first Romanian beat music groups. He played with several popular Romanian pop/rock groups in the 1960s, including Sideral and Sfinx.

In his hometown, Sighişoara, he started 2 bands, called Melody and Tarabostes in the late 1960- early 1970s. In 1982 he started a band called Bastion.

He was a founding member of the Agora poetry and music circle in Sighişoara in the 1970s. Chief organizer of the Sighişoara Folk Festival held in 1974.

Director of the Inter-ethnic Youth Center in Sighişoara, and one of the organizers of the ProEtnica festivals held annually in Sighişoara.

In 2002 he issued a CD called Amintirea paradisului.

References

External links

1947 births
Living people
Romanian guitarists
Folk guitarists
Romanian singer-songwriters
People from Sighișoara

Adrian Ivanițchi


The European Council (referred to as a European Summit) is the highest political body of the European Union. It is made of all the heads of state or government of the Union's member states and with the President of the European Commission. The country which holds the Presidency of the Council of the European Union also leads its assemblies.

The Council has no formal executive or legislative powers. It is an institution that deals with very important issues and any decisions made are "a major impetus in defining the general political guidelines of the European Union". The Council meets at least twice a year; usually in the Justus Lipsius building, the quarters of the Council of the European Union (Consilium) of Brussels.

References

European Union

European Council


Pulled pork is an American barbecue dish, more specifically a dish of the Southern U.S., based on shredded barbecued pork shoulder. It is typically slow-smoked over wood (usually outdoors); indoor variations use a slow cooker. The meat is then shredded manually and mixed with a sauce. It may be served on bread as a sandwich, or eaten on its own.

Preparation
Pulled pork, almost always a shoulder cut, is commonly slow-cooked by first applying a dry rub, then smoking over wood. A non-barbecue method uses a slow cooker, a domestic oven, or an electric pressure cooker (such as an Instant Pot).

For the meat to 'pull' properly, it must reach an internal temperature of 195 to 205°F (90.5 to 96°C); the smoker temperature can be around 275°F (135°C). Cooking time is many hours, often more than 12 hours (though much shorter with electric pressure cookers, typically from 60 to 90 minutes).

In rural areas across the United States, either a pig roast/whole hog, mixed cuts of the pig/hog, or the shoulder cut (Boston butt) alone are commonly used, and the pork is then shredded before being served with or without a vinegar-based sauce. Before cooking, it is common to soak the meat in brine; this process provides the extra moisture needed for a long, slow cooking process.

See also

References

External links

Barbecue
Cuisine of the Southern United States
American pork dishes

Pulled pork


Mission  (from Latin  'the act of sending out'), Missions or The Mission may refer to:

Geography

Australia
Mission River (Queensland)

Canada
Mission, British Columbia, a district municipality
Mission, Calgary, Alberta, a neighbourhood
Okanagan Mission, a neighbourhood in Kelowna, British Columbia, commonly called "the Mission"
Mission River, a short river located at the delta of the Kaministiquia River of northern Ontario, Canada

United States
 Mission, Delaware, an unincorporated community
 Mission, Kansas, a city
 Mission, Minnesota, an unincorporated community
 Mission, Oregon, an unincorporated community and census-designated place
 Mission, South Dakota, a city
 Mission, Texas, a city
 Mission District, San Francisco, a neighborhood in San Francisco, California, commonly called "the Mission"
 South Pasadena station, a light rail station, formerly called Mission station
 Mission River, Texas

Arts and entertainment

Film and television
 Mission (film), 1961 Soviet drama film by Yuri Yegorov
 The Mission (2023 film), American documentary film about missionary John Allen Chau
 Mission (2023 film), 2024 Indian Tamil-language action film by A. L. Vijay
 The Mission (1983 film), an American drama film directed and produced by Parviz Sayyad
 The Mission (1986 film), a British drama film directed by Roland Joffé
 The Mission (1999 film), a.k.a. Cheung fo, a Hong Kong action film directed and produced by Johnnie To
 Missions (TV series), a 2017 French science-fiction drama series
 "The Mission", a 1985 episode of the television series Amazing Stories directed by Steven Spielberg

Music
 The Mission (band), a British gothic rock band formed in 1986
 The Mission (Captain Jack album), 1996
 The Mission (Royal Hunt album), 2001
 Mission (album), a 2016 album by Japanese singer/songwriter Mari Hamada
 The Mission (Styx album), 2017
 The Mission (soundtrack), the original score album of the 1986 film by Ennio Morricone
 "The Mission" (theme music), composed by John Williams
 "Mission" (song), a song from the 1987 album Hold Your Fire by Rush
 "The Mission", a song from the 1988 album Operation: Mindcrime by Queensryche
 "The Mission", a song from the 1995 album Revenge by Janis Ian
 "The Mission", a song from the 2002 album 30 Seconds to Mars by 30 Seconds to Mars
 "Mission", a song from the 2005 EP Van She by the Australian band Van She
 "The Mission", a song on Puscifer's 2009 album "C" is for (Please Insert Sophomoric Genitalia Reference HERE)
 "Mission", a song from the 2013 album Circle by Amorphis
 "Mission", a song from the 2019 album ERYS by American rapper Jaden

Other arts and entertainment
 The Mission (play), a 1980 German play (Der Auftrag) by Heiner Müller
 The Mission, a novel by Hans Habe based on the events surrounding the Evian Conference in 1938
 Mission, another term for quest, a task in a video game.

Religion
 Christian mission, an organized effort to spread Christianity
 Mission (LDS Church), an administrative area of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
 The Mission (Vacaville, California), a nondenominational Christian church

Other uses
 Diplomatic mission, a diplomatic outpost in a foreign territory
 Mission Foods, an American maker of tortillas and salsa
 Mission, a British hi-fi manufacturer owned by International Audio Group
 Mission (grape), a variety of grape
 Mission olive, a cultivar of olive developed in California
 Mission, a magazine published by University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

See also
 Mission Hills (disambiguation)
 Mission Style (disambiguation)
 La Mission (disambiguation)

Mission


Anderson Avenue station is a SEPTA Route 101 trolley stop in Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania. It is officially located near Anderson & Woodland Avenues, though the actual location is on Anderson Avenue south of Woodland Avenue.

Trolleys arriving at this station travel between 69th Street Terminal in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania and Orange Street in Media, Pennsylvania. Anderson Avenue is a dead end street at this station which contains platforms on both sides of the tracks. The other platform is located across the tracks behind the parking lot of a group of condominiums on Valley Road. The station has a white and green stucco shed with a roof where people can go inside when it is raining, but it is on the side with the condominiums.

References

External links

SEPTA Media–Sharon Hill Line stations

Anderson Avenue station


Richard Cecil (8 November 1748 – 15 August 1810) was a leading Evangelical Anglican priest of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Life
Cecil was born in London.  His father (died 1779) and grandfather were scarlet dyers to the British East India Company. His mother (died 1777) was the sister of Benjamin Grosvenor; his father was an Anglican while his mother was a Dissenter, whose family had been devout Christians for generations.

He entered The Queen's College, Oxford, in 1773, was ordained deacon in 1776 on the title of a priest named Pugh, of Rauceby, Lincolnshire, and was admitted to priest's orders in 1777.

Shortly thereafter he went to serve three Leicestershire churches: Thornton, Bagworth, and Markfield.  His evangelical preaching produced many conversions and flourishing congregations here.

He later became minister of two small livings in Lewes, Sussex.  After the death of his parents, he moved, because of bad health, to Islington, London and preached at different churches and chapels there.

In March 1780 he became minister of St John's Chapel, Bedford Row, which became a major Evangelical Anglican venue continuing into the mid 19th century.  For some years he preached a lecture at Lothbury at 6 o'clock on a Sabbath morning, and later an evening lecture in Orange Street, followed by the chapel in Long Acre.  From 1787 he preached the evening lecture at Christ Church, Spitalfields.  He alternated with a Foster in these two last lectureships during the period 1784 to 1801, though he had help from a Pratt in the last few years there.

He became ill again in 1798, and later (1808–9) visited Bath, Clifton, and Tunbridge Wells for health reasons before relinquishing the lease of the chapel, moving in April 1810 to Hampstead, where he died four months later.

He was associated with the Clapham Sect whose best known member was William Wilberforce, and was a founding member and leader of the Eclectic Society, an evangelical Anglican society which was started along with John Newton and Henry Foster in the upstairs room of a pub in 1783, but later moved to the vestry at Bedford Row in 1784.

References

External links

Anglican clergy from London
18th-century English Anglican priests
1748 births
1810 deaths
English evangelicals
Evangelical Anglicans

Richard Cecil (priest)