The Jeep Grand Cherokee (WJ) is the second generation of the Jeep Grand Cherokee sport utility vehicle. Unveiled in Detroit, Michigan, on June 16, 1998, production lasted until 2004 in the US, continuing in foreign markets until 2005. The WJ was completely overhauled from its ZJ predecessor, and was renowned for its off-road capability. Jeep marketed the (WJ) as "the most capable SUV ever."

Background
Unveiled at Detroit, MI Cobo Hall on June 16, 1998, the redesigned WJ 1999 Grand Cherokee shared just 127 parts with its predecessor (mostly fasteners) and took 28 months to develop from its March 1996 design freeze (styling approval in Q3 1995). The spare tire was relocated from the side of the cargo compartment to under the floor. The two heavy pushrod V8 engines were replaced by Chrysler's then-new PowerTech. The new V8 engine produced less torque than the old pushrods, but was lighter, offered better fuel economy, and provided similar on road performance figures (the 23-gallon fuel tank was replaced with one of a 20.5-gallon capacity). The Inline 6 engine was also updated for MY1999. A redesign of the intake manifold added . While other Jeep vehicles used the Mopar 5 x 4.5 bolt circle, this was the first Jeep following the 1987 Chrysler buyout to receive a wider wheel bolt pattern: – 5 x 5 - (metric 5 x 127mm).

A notable feature available in this generation was the automatic four wheel drive option called Quadra-Drive, which employed the New Venture Gear NV247 transfer case. This two-speed chain-driven transfer case uses a gerotor, a clutch pack coupled to a hydraulic pump, to transfer torque between the front and rear axles. The transfer case contains three modes, 4-All Time, Neutral, and 4-Lo. In 4-All Time, 100% of torque is sent to the rear axle in normal conditions. If the rear axle starts spinning at a higher rate than the front axle, hydraulic pressure builds up in the gerotor and causes the clutch pack to progressively transfer torque to the front axle until both axles return to the same speed. Neutral mode is intended for towing the vehicle. In 4-Lo, the front and rear axles are locked together through a 2.72 reduction gear ratio. The NV247 transfer case is mated to front and rear axles containing Jeep's Vari-Lok differentials. Vari-Lok differentials also use a gerotor to transfer torque between the wheels on either side of the axle. The major advantage of Quadra-Drive was that the combined transfer case and progressive locking differentials in each axle could automatically control traction between all four wheels. However, only the center differential could be permanently locked, and only in 4Lo. The Quadra-Trac II system included the NV247 transfer case with the standard open front and rear differentials.

The 45RFE and 545RFE automatic transmission in the WJ was notable. It included three planetary gear sets rather than the two normally used in a four-speed automatic. This gave it six theoretical speeds, and it would have been the first six-speed transmission ever produced in volume, but it was programmed to only use five of these ratios. Four were used for upshifts, with a different second gear for downshifts. Although five of the six ratios were used, Chrysler decided to call it a "4-speed automatic". In 2001, the programming was changed to make use of all six ratios. Rather than have six forward gears, the transmission was programmed to act as a five-speed with the alternate second gear for downshifts. The rpm at  on a 545RFE is 2000 rpm, 200 rpm less than the 45RFE programming. 1999 and 2000 model year WJ owners can have their 45RFE transmission's programming flashed to enable the extra gear as both transmissions are physically the same. The 42RE 4-speed automatic remained the transmission for the Inline 6 engine. It had slight changes from the previous model Grand Cherokee.

The interior was also completely redesigned. The redesign allowed for larger rear doors, and more space for rear passengers. Controls for various items like headlights, heated seats, and rear wiper were moved to more convenient locations. The electronic Vehicle Information Center was moved from below the radio to above the windshield, and was standard on all 2000 and up models. Limited models included automatic dual-zone climate control. A CD-changer with capacity for 10 CD's was also available with the Infinity Audio package.

In addition to Jeep's UniFrame construction, Daimler Chrysler partnered with Porsche to further strengthen the frame. This was done to reduce noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). UniFrame is an unusual construction scheme, it incorporates all of the strength and durability of a body-on-frame construction into a unitized construction. By adding stiffness and rigidity to the structure, they enhanced the ride and strengthened the network of steel beams, rails and pillars (or "safety cage") that surround and protect occupants. More than 70 percent of the underbody is high-strength steel. All Jeep Grand Cherokees feature UniFrame construction.

The Grand Cherokee received a secondary minor facelift for 2004 including round fog lamps, a lower front fascia and a new body-color matched inset grille design.

Export models produced at the plant in Graz, Austria, were given the vehicle designation of "WG", which feature minor differences from the US model, including a relocated radio antenna (moved from front right fender to integrated on rear passenger side window), power folding mirrors, height adjustable headlights, plastic rocker covers on Limited trim models (only available on Laredo trim on US models), as well as leather shift knobs on Overland trim models. Chrysler also claims the vehicle received other improvements to reduce "NVH".  "WG" models were also manufactured at the Cordoba plant for the Argentinian market.

New features

The first-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ) offered many new and class-exclusive features, and the second-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ continued to offer new features that were not yet available on its competitors, such as the Chevrolet Blazer and Ford Explorer.

At the time of its release, the all-new 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ had many standard and optional features which were class-exclusive. HomeLink allowed the driver to program up to three devices such as garage door openers, estate gates, and other controlled access devices and operate those devices with buttons located in the overhead console. A state-of-the-art automatic dual-zone climate control system used infrared sensors located in the climate control panel to monitor the surface temperature of both driver and front passenger to automatically control the interior temperature for both front passengers. The Jeep Memory System allowed for two drivers to set their individual driver's seat, side mirror, and radio setting by using buttons located on the front driver's door interior panel to recall their preferred settings at the touch of a button, or upon insertion of the corresponding key into the ignition (the keyless entry remotes were color-coded either black or gray, and had either a '1' or '2' on the back of the remote to help the drivers easily identify their remote).

For the 2002 model year, the Grand Cherokee WJ received its first mid-cycle refresh. This included the introduction of three new models: a value-oriented Sport, the Laredo-based Special Edition, and the new range-topping Overland. A new 4.7L High-Output Power Tech V8 gasoline engine became available on Limited models, and was standard on Overland. All models receive new radios, which included a standard A/M-F/M stereo radio with a single-disc CD player on Laredo and Limited, with an A/M-F/M stereo radio with Radio Data System (RDS) and cassette and single-disc CD players standard on Overland and optional on all other models (both radios featured standard CD changer controls for the optional ten-disc remote CD changer in the rear cargo area). For vehicles equipped with the Infinity Gold premium audio system, the 'Infinity Gold' emblem was removed from the front door speaker grilles, and the Laredo no longer featured carpeted front and rear door panels. Also on the interior, all models received a new chrome 'Jeep' steering wheel emblem, as well as new interior accent trim (faux aluminum on Sport, Laredo, and Special Edition, and faux woodgrain on all other models). Sport and Laredo models received new "Landscape"/"Millennium" cloth seat fabric as standard equipment, and Limited models received new "Royale" leather seat trim (the previously-available "Royale" leather seat trim remained available on Sport, Laredo, and Special Edition models). A new front grille and headlamps were introduced on Limited models, new tire and wheel combinations were available for all models, and in midyear 2002, a full-color GPS navigation radio with a single-disc CD player and ten-disc remote CD changer became available on Limited and Overland models. All radios supported dealer-installed accessory Sirius Satellite Radio and U Connect hands-free Bluetooth phone system. To round out the changes for 2002, a full-size spare tire and wheel was now standard equipment on all models, front side-impact airbags and power-adjustable foot pedals were available (the Vehicle Identification Number differentiated between frontal airbags only and frontal and front side-impact airbags with the characters '4' and '8' respectively as the third digit) and center roof rack cross rails were now only available. as a dealer-installed accessory for all models.

A second exterior facelift was introduced for the 2004 model year, and included revised front grilles and fascias (bumpers) for all models (Laredo models also received newly-styled round front fog lamps as an optional feature). The Laredo-based Special Edition model rejoined the lineup, and a new Columbia Edition model (also based on the Laredo) was introduced. The base Laredo model was now only available with the base "E" Package, and included fewer standard features (including the deletion of carpeted front and rear floor mat and rear cargo area tonneau cover). Production of the Grand Cherokee WJ ended in mid-2004, as the all-new third-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee (WK) was introduced, and the Jefferson North Assembly Plant received a retooling for production of the all-new model. All 2004 models equipped with four wheel drive received Jeep's "Trail Rated 4X4" certification, and an emblem on the front left fender.

Yearly changes

1999 - 1999 saw the introduction of the all-new, second-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ. While similar in dimensions and style to the first-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ), the WJ Grand Cherokee featured a more modern exterior design, and an all-new interior. While the 4.0L "Power-Tech" Inline Six-Cylinder (I6) engine and 42RE four-speed automatic transmission both carried over from the previous-generation model, the previous 5.2L "Magnum" V8 engine was replaced by an all-new 4.7L "Power-Tech" V8 engine, which was mated to the all-new 45RFE four-speed automatic transmission (the 5.9L "Magnum" V8 engine was dropped after the 1998 model year). The spare tire and wheel were relocated from the left side of the rear cargo area to underneath the cargo floor. This decreased on available cargo space, but made it easier to access the spare tire and wheel.

2000 - Having been fully redesigned for the 1999 model year, the 2000 Jeep Grand Cherokee received minimal changes. However, the 4.7L "Power-Tech" V8 engine's 45RFE four-speed automatic transmission was replaced by the 545RFE five-speed automatic transmission. Finally, the base Laredo "D" Package was discontinued, which meant that the Laredo model now included the Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) with an overhead console as standard equipment.

2001 - For 2001, a 60th Anniversary Edition Jeep Grand Cherokee, based on the Limited model, celebrated the Brand's sixtieth anniversary. A new New England Edition Package for the base Laredo added seventeen-inch tires and "Silverblade" aluminum-alloy wheels, a combination A/M-F/M stereo radio with cassette and CD players, and a power-adjustable front driver's seat to the base model. Another new package for the Laredo included the same feature content, but also added "Royale" leather-trimmed seating surfaces and an Infinity Gold premium audio system with a 180-watt amplifier. All models of the Grand Cherokee received new aluminum-alloy wheel options, and the Limited trim received new leather seating surfaces and revised burl rosewood interior trim (the Laredo model received simulated brushed aluminum interior trim, and now included a trim bezel around the radio). The steering wheel on all models also received a silver-finished 'Jeep' emblem.

2002 - For 2002 the Grand Cherokee WJ received a major refresh which introduced new features and models to the range, as well as minor changes related to cost cutting measures. To start, an all-new Jeep Grand Cherokee Overland model was introduced, as a new model positioned above the previously-top Limited model, including features such as extended leather seating surfaces and door panels, an Infinity Gold premium amplified audio system, as well as genuine wood-trimmed interior and steering wheel.

The Laredo trim now included a six-way, power-adjustable front driver's seat and an A/M-F/M stereo radio with a single-disc CD player a standard equipment, as well as revised seat fabrics, and new "Silverblade" aluminum-alloy wheels. Midyear, a new Special Edition model was introduced based on the Laredo model that added color-keyed front and rear bumpers and body side cladding, an Infinity Gold 180-watt premium amplified audio system, and unique badging on the front doors of the vehicle. A new "High Output" 4.7L "Power-Tech" V8 engine became available, standard on Overland, and optional on Limited. All radios (aside from the base "RBK" A/M-F/M stereo radio) now included Radio Data System (RDS) capabilities, and side-impact airbags were now an option on all models.

2003 - For 2003, the Jeep Grand Cherokee gained a new "Freedom Edition" model, based on the Laredo trim, while the Sport model was discontinued. The Laredo model now included high-back front bucket seats with integrated headrests as standard equipment, with low-back front bucket seats with separate headrests becoming an option (the low-back bucket seats were standard when the Laredo trim was ordered with the optional "Royale" leather-trimmed seating surfaces). New entertainment options, including a GPS navigation system radio and Sirius Satellite Radio were offered for the first time. The Special Edition model was temporarily discontinued for the 2003 model year, but would reappear for 2004. 2003 was a shortened model year, with 2004 model year production commencing in mid-2003. During this year the WJ also received to minor changes during the model year, including the change from a functional oil pressure gauge to a "dummy" gauge (only showing if oil pressure is present or not), as well as changing from a hollow to a solid front sway bar starting on vehicles made after November 7, 2002, onwards.

2004 - 2004 would mark the Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ's final model year of production. There was a new Columbia Edition model that was introduced as a partnership between Jeep and Columbia Sportswear, and included unique seat trim, larger aluminum-alloy wheels, and a complimentary Columbia parka (the Special Edition trim would also reappear for the 2004 model year). The Laredo trim was condensed to a single "E" Package, though all previously-available options were still available. All models received revised front fascias for 2004, and all four wheel drive models received Jeep's new "Trail Rated 4X4" certification. This certification could typically be identified by the badge placed on the front driver's side fender, however many Grand Cherokees did not receive the badge, despite being certified as "Trail Rated." Production concluded in April 2004, with the all-new Jeep Grand Cherokee (WK) being introduced in the same month at the New York International Auto Show.

Models

The Laredo served as the base Grand Cherokee trim level from August 1998 to 2004, and still continues to be the base Grand Cherokee trim level to this day. A very well-equipped model, the Laredo offered these features as standard equipment: the 4.0L Power-Tech Inline Six-Cylinder (I6) engine, a 4-speed automatic transmission, sixteen-inch (16") alloy wheels, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD player (1998-2001) or CD players (2001-2004), wood interior trim (1998-2000) or aluminum interior trim (2000-2004), keyless entry, power windows and door locks, cloth seating surfaces, air conditioning, a split-folding 60/40 rear bench seat, gray-painted front and rear bumpers and body-side cladding trim panels, and more. After MY1999, the Laredo 26D Package was dropped, leaving the Laredo 26E/28E Packages as the base Grand Cherokee packages, and adding a standard overhead Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC/VIC) and overhead console. Many features that were available on the luxurious Limited trim could also be optioned on the base Laredo trim. For 2001 only, a New England Special Group was available for Grand Cherokees equipped with the 26E Package. The package, which was indicated by the sales code ACJ, added features to the base model Grand Cherokee such as P235/65R17 BSW all-season performance tires, seventeen-inch (17") sport alloy wheels (both options of which were also available with the 26S and 28S Packages), an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players with integrated remote CD changer controls, and a 3.73 rear axle ratio. The New England Special Group was available exclusively in select Northeastern states.

The Limited served as the top-of-the-line Grand Cherokee trim level from 1998 to 2001, and the more "luxurious" Grand Cherokee trim level from 2001 to 2004. It added these features: color-keyed body-side trim cladding panels and front and rear bumpers, a premium 180-watt Infinity Gold stereo system with 6 speakers, leather seating surfaces, dual power front bucket seats, a full-sized spare tire and spare wheel, a security alarm, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, steering wheel-mounted remote audio system controls, driver's 2-position memory (color-coded keyless entry remotes), wood interior trim, and more.

The Sport was the lowest-priced trim level of the Grand Cherokee was introduced in November 2001, for MY2002. Offered only for 2002, the Sport was aimed at value-oriented customers who wanted a very well-equipped vehicle at a modest price point. It added these features to the base Laredo trim: dual power front heated bucket seats, leather seating surfaces, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players, a premium 180-watt Infinity Gold audio system with 6 speakers, a full-sized spare tire and spare wheel, a 'sport' emblem on the tailgate, a security alarm, a power sunroof, and more. Cloth seating surfaces, deleted heated front bucket seats, a deleted cassette player, and a deleted sunroof could be had for credit in place of the standard options they replaced.

The Special Edition was a value-oriented trim level of the Grand Cherokee in 2002 and in 2004 (the model was put on hiatus for the 2003 model year). Based on the base Laredo trim, the Special Edition added these features: a full-sized spare tire/wheel, heated power dual front bucket seats, leather seating surfaces & leather-wrapped steering wheel, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette, CD player, 10 disc rear mounted CD changer, color-keyed body-side cladding panels and front and rear bumpers, a security alarm, power sunroof, and 'Special Edition' emblems on both front doors (the 2004 model did not have heated power dual front bucket seats, leather seating surfaces & leather-wrapped steering wheel", only power seats. The power sunroof was an option)

The Freedom was a value-oriented trim level of the Grand Cherokee between March 2003 (SOP 2003/03/10) and 2004. Based on the base Laredo trim, the Freedom added these features: a full-sized spare tire and spare wheel, seventeen-inch (17") graphite-finish alloy wheels, unique cloth seating surfaces, dual power front bucket seats, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players, a premium 180-watt Infinity Gold audio system with 6 speakers, and 'Freedom' emblems on both front doors.

The Columbia Edition, launched in November 2003 (2003/10/06 SOP) was a partnership between Jeep and sportswear manufacturer Columbia for MY2004. Based on the base Laredo trim, the Columbia Edition added these features: a full-sized spare tire and spare wheel, seventeen-inch (17") alloy wheels, unique two-toned cloth seating surfaces, dual power front bucket seats, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players, a premium 180-watt Infinity Gold audio system with 6 speakers, Bright Silver Metallic-painted body-side cladding panels and front and rear bumpers, and 'Columbia Edition' emblems on both front doors. Columbia Edition buyers also received a complimentary Columbia parka at the time of delivery of their new vehicle.

The Overland was the top-of-the-line Grand Cherokee trim level between August 2001 and 2004, first introduced for MY2002. It added these features to the already-luxurious Limited trim level: an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players, a ten-disc remote rear-mounted CD changer, unique leather-and-suede seating surfaces, woodgrain (real redwood) for upper half of steering wheel and interior accents, dual power heated front bucket seats, Overland floor mats, 'Overland' emblems on both front doors, side curtain air bags, rain sense wipers, rock rails, Up Country Suspension (option was deleted for the MY2004 starting Sept 2003) Skid Plate Group with chrome tow hooks, unique seventeen-inch (17") chrome-plated alloy wheels with matching spare, a power sunroof, and the higher-output (265 hp) 4.7L Power-Tech V8 engine, which could also be had on the Limited trim.

The 60th Anniversary Edition was manufactured to commemorate Jeep's 60th anniversary in 2001. It added these features to the luxurious Limited trim level: unique seventeen-inch (17") "Rogue" chrome-plated alloy wheels, '60th Anniversary Edition' emblems on both upper front fenders, heated front bucket seats, a power sunroof, an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette and CD players, a matching spare wheel, '60th Anniversary Edition'-embroidered front bucket seats, along with special 60th Anniversary Edition floor mats.

Chinese production

Beijing Jeep Corporation, Ltd. produced the XJ classic Cherokee from 1984 to 2005. Beijing Jeep bought the old tooling for the WJ Grand Cherokee when the WK was introduced for the U.S. as a 2005 model. The WJ was introduced in the end of 2004 for the Chinese market as the Jeep 4000 and 4700 Grand Cherokee and carries differing engine names compared to their foreign counterparts known as C698QA1 for the 6 cylinder and C8V93Q for the V8. A 4 speed automatic gearbox was standard on the 6 cylinder while V8 had a 5 speed automatic gearbox. Pricing ranges 358,000 and 496,000 yuan (53,480 to US$74,090) with four trim levels.

It was their flagship model and nearly identical to the 2004 Grand Cherokee Limited in looks and equipment, including the solid axle suspension, choice of 4wd systems, body color cladding, alloy wheels, Chrysler sound systems, and Chrysler automatic climate controls. This is unlike the XJ Cherokee that was significantly modified by Beijing Jeep for the Chinese market.

Engines

Detroit Diesel/VM Motori
The 3.1 liter turbo-diesel on the 1999 Grand Cherokee was developed in conjunction with Detroit Diesel/VM Motori. It has an electronic injection pump, electronically controlled, vacuum-actuated exhaust gas recirculation, and a special catalyst to control oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Manufactured in Cento, Italy, at 13,000 units per year. It was available in European models and meets the European stage III emissions.
 Displacement:
 Power:
 Torque:
 Transmission: Four speed electronically controlled automatic

Sales
The Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ and WG went into production in July 17th, 1998 and finished its run on May 21, 2004.

Safety

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS)

NHTSA

*Note: Only 2001-2003 models rated

Recalls
On November 8, 2012, Chrysler announced the recall on certain model year 2002 though 2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee vehicles manufactured February 13, 2001, through May 23, 2003. A component in the air bag control module may fail causing the front airbags, side curtain airbags, and/or seatbelt pretensioners to deploy inadvertently while the vehicle is being operated.

References

Inline

General

External links

Grand Cherokee (WJ)
Cars introduced in 1998
2000s cars
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Mid-size sport utility vehicles
Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States
Latin NCAP large off-road
Cars of Argentina
Cars of Venezuela

Jeep Grand Cherokee (WJ)


Arthur S. Mazmanian (May 1, 1927 – March 22, 2019) was an American baseball coach and manager. He was the longtime baseball coach at Dorsey High School of Los Angeles, his alma mater, then spent 31 seasons (1968–98) as head coach of baseball at Mount San Antonio College of Walnut, California, where his teams won 709 games and had only two losing campaigns. He also was a second baseman, scout, instructor and manager in professional baseball from  through . He died at the age of 91 on March 22, 2019.

Biography
Mazmanian was born in Detroit, Michigan, to parents who were born in Armenia. After Dorsey High School, he graduated from the University of Southern California, where he was an All-American and the second baseman on the Trojans' 1948 national championship team. He threw and batted right-handed and was listed as  tall and .

Mazmanian's six-year playing career (1949–54) was largely spent in the New York Yankees' farm system, including 2½ seasons at the Triple-A level with the Kansas City Blues of the American Association. In 1955, he became a coach in the St. Louis Cardinals' organization, then launched his managing career the following season with the Grand Island Athletics, Class D Nebraska State League affiliate of the Kansas City Athletics of the American League. During the 1960s he scouted for the Athletics and the Cleveland Indians. He resumed his managerial career in 1971 and achieved sustained success later in the decade when he rejoined the Yankees as skipper of their Short Season Class-A New York–Penn League affiliate, the Oneonta Yankees. He managed the O-Yankees to five consecutive division championships (1977–81) and four league playoff championships (1977; 1979–81). He then managed in the New York–Penn League for the Baltimore Orioles for three seasons and recorded his last season in organized baseball with a "co-op" team in the same circuit in 1987.

Apart from a temporary assignment with the Visalia Oaks of the California League in 1960, all of Mazmanian's years as a professional baseball manager were spent in "short season" or rookie-level leagues. He compiled a managing record of 663–487 (.576). In 1984, he took a leave of absence from the Orioles to serve as an assistant coach for the United States Olympic Baseball Team.

References

External links

Mount San Antonio College (22 March 2019), "Legendary Coach Maz Passes Away"

1927 births
2019 deaths
All-American college baseball players
American people of Armenian descent
Baseball coaches from California
Baseball players from Los Angeles
Baseball players from Detroit
Beaumont Roughnecks players
Binghamton Triplets players
Cleveland Indians scouts
Kansas City Athletics scouts
Kansas City Blues (baseball) players
Minor league baseball managers
Mt. SAC Mounties baseball coaches
Norfolk Tars players
Omaha Cardinals players
San Francisco Giants scouts
USC Trojans baseball players
Visalia Oaks players

Art Mazmanian


The Charlotte Checkers are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2010. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Carolina Hurricanes of the NHL. They play their home games in Charlotte, North Carolina at Bojangles' Coliseum. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Florida Everblades. The team was originally an ECHL team but the new owner Michael Kahn relinquished the ECHL franchise and relocated the Albany River Rats to Charlotte to beccome the Charlotte Checkers.

Other websites
Charlotte Checkers Official Site

American Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in the United States
Carolina Hurricanes
Sports in Charlotte, North Carolina
2010 establishments in the United States
21st-century establishments in North Carolina

Charlotte Checkers (2010–)


Puppet on a String is Sandie Shaw's third full-priced album, released on the Pye label in May 1967 on the back of her Eurovision success.

The album contained two brand-new tracks alongside previously released material. It was issued on CD format for the first time in 2005 by EMI and contained several bonus tracks (see below).

Track listing and song information
Side One

Side Two

Side one of the Puppet on a String album begins with the title track, written by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter. They admitted to having written the song deliberately in the style of oompah band music in an attempt to curry favour in Continental Europe; for some time thereafter, British Eurovision entries would seem to be written in the style of continental European MOR or Schlager rather than other British MOR which was more similar to American MOR.

Shaw had originally performed the song as one of five prospective numbers to represent the United Kingdom in the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest on The Rolf Harris Show. She had never been taken with the idea of taking part in the contest but her discoverer, Adam Faith had talked her into it, saying it would keep her manager Eve Taylor happy. Taylor was wanting to give Shaw a more cabaret appeal and felt that this was the right move - and also felt that it would get  Shaw back in the public's good books as she had recently been involved in a divorce scandal.

Of the five songs performed, "Puppet on a String" was Shaw's least favourite. In her own words "I hated it from the very first oompah to the final bang on the big bass drum. I was instinctively repelled by its sexist drivel and cuckoo-clock tune." She was disappointed when it was selected as the song she would use to represent the country. Shaw won the contest hands down, though it has always been felt that this was partly down to her existing popularity on the continent (she had recorded most of her hit singles in French, Italian, German and Spanish). As a result, "Puppet on a String" became her third Number One hit in the UK, (a record for a female at the time) and was a big worldwide smash (the biggest selling single of the year in Germany).

An EP was later released in the UK entitled "Tell The Boys" containing the other four prospective Eurovision songs after fans expressed demands for them (though the title track had been used as the B-side to the "Puppet on a String" single).

The second song on the Puppet on a String album was the ballad "Think Sometimes About Me," written by Chris Andrews who to date had written all of Shaw's singles with the exception of "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me," "I Don't Need Anything" and "Puppet on a String". "Think Sometimes About Me" had been released as a single in late 1966 but had only made Number 32 on the UK Singles Chart, her lowest position since her breakthrough. Song number three on side one was a new Andrews composition entitled "I Don't Think You Want Me Anymore," and was followed by two more of his previously released numbers - "Keep In Touch" and "Stop Before You Start," which had been B-sides to the singles "I Don't Need Anything" and the Top 20 "Nothing Comes Easy" respectively. "Keep In Touch" was released as a single in some territories, and reached Number 1 in Singapore in March 1967. Side one finished with "Hide All Emotion" (originally the B-side to "Think Sometimes About Me"), written by Marty Wilde.

The opening song on side two is entitled "Tell The Boys" and was one of the five songs performed on The Rolf Harris show as a prospective Eurovision Song Contest representative. Shaw has since confessed that this was the song she most wanted to win. Written by Peter Callander and Mitch Murray, it was also used as the B-side to "Puppet on a String." The rest of the album consists of Andrews-written songs, firstly "Don't You Count On It," the B-side to the 1965 Top 10 hit "Message Understood," and then a new song entitled "No Moon." Next comes "Long Walk Home" (previously used as the B-side to the 1966 single "Run"), and then a brand new recording of "I'd Be Far Better Off Without You," the original version of which had been an A-side for a short time in 1964 before being switched to B-side in favour of "Girl Don't Come." The Puppet on a String album finishes with "Had A Dream Last Night," the only Andrews song performed on The Rolf Harris show as a prospective Eurovision number. Though she liked "Tell The Boys" best of the five, Shaw felt that musically this was the best song. The Hives sing a different version on The Black and White Album.

In 2006, "Puppet on a String" was used as a sample in the Lily Allen song "Alfie".

2005 bonus tracks
 "I Don't Need Anything"
 "Don't You Know"
 "I'll Cry Myself to Sleep"
 "Ask Any Woman"
 "Quel Po' Che Mi Da"
 "Nothing Comes Easy"
 "So This is Love"
 "If Ever You Need Me"

As previously mentioned the Puppet on a String album was re-issued in 2005 by EMI after Shaw licensed her recording catalogue to them. Several of her other original albums were also issued around this time and all contained bonus tracks, though in some cases this merely consisted of a couple of foreign-language versions of a couple of the songs. Puppet on a String however contained many original songs as bonus tracks, firstly "I Don't Need Anything," a 1967 single written by Paul Vance and Lee Pockriss (her first not to be written by Andrews since her breakthrough single "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" in 1964, and coincidentally her biggest flop since then (it only made Number 50 on the UK Singles Chart). Next on the re-issue comes "Don't You Know," an Andrews ballad, originally used back in 1964 as the B-side to the aforementioned breakthrough single. This is followed by the other two prospective Eurovision songs not found on the "main" album - "I'll Cry Myself To Sleep" written by Roger Webb and "Ask Any Woman" by James Stewart and Gerry Langley. The fifth bonus track is an Italian version of Andrews' "Don't Make Me Cry" (the B-side to the 1967 Top 20 single "You've Not Changed") entitled "Quel Po' Che Mi Da." Bonus track six is the hit single "Nothing Comes Easy," also written by Andrews which made Number 14 in 1966. Penultimate track is "So This Is Love," another exclusive song by Andrews that was recorded in late 1967 but remained unreleased until the Nothing Comes Easy box set was released in 2004. The new version of the album ends with another Andrews penned song, "If Ever You Need Me," originally the B-side to "How Can You Tell" in 1965.

References

External links
Sandie Shaw

Sandie Shaw albums
1967 compilation albums
Pye Records compilation albums
EMI Records compilation albums

Puppet on a String (album)


La Belle Noiseuse (, ) is a 1991 drama film directed by Jacques Rivette and starring Michel Piccoli, Jane Birkin and Emmanuelle Béart. Loosely adapted from the 1831 short story Le Chef-d'œuvre inconnu (The Unknown Masterpiece) by Honoré de Balzac, and set in present-day France, it tells how a famous old artist is stimulated to come out of retirement and do one last painting of a beautiful young woman. The film won the Grand Prix at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival.

Plot
A young would-be artist Nicolas, with his partner Marianne, are introduced by the art dealer Porbus to the aged painter Frenhofer, inactive for many years, who lives in a grand château in the south of France with his young wife Liz. Conversations are desultory, until Porbus suggests that Frenhofer might like to paint the attractive Marianne, he thinks she may be what he needs to complete his last piece, abandoned ten years ago when Liz was his model. Nicolas okays the idea, but Marianne becomes angry with Nicolas for not having asked her first before promising the master that she will model. Nonetheless, she goes to the château the next day.

Work starts early next morning in Frenhofer's isolated studio, consisting of continual pen and wash studies on paper of Marianne in different positions, as he tries to capture the uniqueness of her body and the character of the woman within it. Over long days together their relationship varies, sometimes staying distant and sometimes getting relaxed. He progresses to working in oils on canvas, one day overpainting an unfinished study of Liz. When Liz sneaks into the studio one night and sees it, she is furious and hurt at the symbolism. As the object of Frenhofer's concentrated attention all day, mostly in silence, Marianne has time to rethink her relationship with Nicolas and decides she no longer needs him.

Eventually Frenhofer finishes his picture, which the film audience never sees. Once complete, the image is too powerful for Liz and for Marianne. Frenhofer hides it in a recess, which he seals with bricks and mortar, and quickly paints an innocuous version in which the face of the model is unseen. Porbus is invited to a celebratory party, after which the changed Marianne breaks up with Nicolas.

Cast
 Michel Piccoli as Édouard Frenhofer
 Jane Birkin as Liz Frenhofer
 Emmanuelle Béart as Marianne
  as Nicolas Wartel
 Marianne Denicourt as Julienne Wartel, Nicolas' sister
  as Porbus
 Bernard Dufour as the painter's hand

Reception
The film won the Grand Prix at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival.

The film received critical acclaim, and occasioned much comment on Béart's extensive onscreen nudity and director Rivette's characteristic use of a long running time (almost four hours).

Chicago Sun-Times film critic Roger Ebert added the film to his Great Movies collection in April 2009.

The film holds an approval rating of 100% on review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes based on 29 reviews, with a weighted average of 8.08/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "A sensual and hypnotic masterpiece, La Belle Noiseuse luxuriates in its four-hour run time while holding audience attention."

The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited this movie as one of his 100 favorite films.

Alternative version
Rivette used alternative takes from the film and made changes in the scene order to produce a shorter, 125-minute version, La Belle Noiseuse: Divertimento, for television. This version was also released theatrically in some countries.

References

Further reading

External links

1991 films
1991 drama films
1990s English-language films
1990s French-language films
1991 multilingual films
Cannes Grand Prix winners
Films about fictional painters
Films about painters
Films based on multiple works
Films based on short fiction
Films based on works by Honoré de Balzac
Films directed by Jacques Rivette
French drama films
French multilingual films
Swiss drama films
Swiss multilingual films
1990s French films

La Belle Noiseuse


Alexander Levy (1909–1997), later known as William Alexander Levy, was an American architect who worked principally in Southern California.

Early in his career, he was influenced by the work of Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier. At New York University's new School of Architecture, he studied under Raymond Bossange and Ely Jacques Kahn.  One of his art and clay modeling instructors was sculptor Concetta Scaravaglione.

Also at NYU, he had as an instructor of English famed writer Thomas Wolfe, whose The Party at Jack's (UNC-Chapel Hill, 1995, pp. 41–42) shows remarkable writing on architecture, perhaps related to his strong association with the school and its students, whom he considered among his best.

In 1933 or 1934, he worked briefly for skyscraper designer Raymond Hood, who also had been an occasional lecturer at NYU.  Renovation of dilapidated structures at Fort Schuyler in the Bronx was Alexander's first commission, one funded by the U.S. government.  Other chiefly private client commissions followed.  These included interiors for designer Christian Dior, novelist/ travel writer Conrad Bercovicci, and biographer Marcia Davenport.

Alexander is best known for the design and building of Hangover House in Laguna Beach, California, commissioned by travel writer Richard Halliburton in 1937. The house had three bedrooms, one for Halliburton, one for Alexander, and one for Paul Mooney, Halliburton's companion and writing assistant, who collaborated with Halliburton on his later writing projects and who managed construction of the house.  In 1937, writer Ayn Rand, then unknown, visited Hangover House and Alexander provided her with quotes for her forthcoming novel The Fountainhead (1943).  According to Alexander, Rand's descriptions of the Heller House are thinly disguised references to the house.

Later, Alexander assisted composer Arnold Schoenberg in the redesign of his studio in Brentwood, and also designed a house in Encino for scriptwriter David Greggory. The house in the Hollywood Hills he built for himself he called the House in Space, distinct as an early example in the region of cantilever construction. Alexander also designed wooden furniture and bowls.

Alexander continued to practice architecture and interior design and by 1950 had moved permanently to West Hollywood.

He considered the Hotel Rancho de la Palmilla in Las Cruces (near La Paz, Baja California, today Baja California Sur), which he designed and built in the 1950s for the son of former Mexican President Abelardo L. Rodríguez, his best work.

In 1952, Alexander opened The Mart, one of the first art and antique boutiques in Los Angeles, on Santa Monica Boulevard, operating it until 1977. During this period, he occasionally had bit parts in feature films, notably The Shootist, starring John Wayne, and The McMasters, starring Brock Peters, his sometime business partner at The Mart.  A developer of the Hollywood Hills and a philanthropist, Alexander became a patron of the arts and a world traveler.

Alexander's papers are kept at the Architecture and Design Collection, at the Art, Design & Architecture Museum, at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Buildings and Projects
1938: Richard Halliburton House, Laguna Beach, California
1939: Arnold Schoenberg music studio remodel, Brentwood, California
1948: David Greggory house, Encino, California
1953: "House in Space," Los Angeles, California
1955-58: Hotel Las Cruces Palmilla, San José del Cabo, Mexico
1956: Abelardo "Rod" Rodriguez II house, San José del Cabo, Mexico
1957: Robert Fisher house, San Jose del Cabo, Mexico
1970: Village Plan for Todos Santos, Mexico

References

Additional Sources
1951 Photo of William Alexander by Edmund Teske, Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Max, Gerry. Horizon Chasers--The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney. (McFarland, 2007).
Max, Gerry.  Many Mansions.  Unpublished monograph on the life and achievement of William Alexander (née Levy), Aldo Magi Collection in Thomas Wolfe Papers at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, c1997
Max, Gerry, "Student Themes: William Alexander Remembers Thomas Wolfe," The Thomas Wolfe Review, 2012, Volume 36, Nos. 1 & 2, pp. 135–143.

1909 births
1997 deaths
Modernist architecture in California
American interior designers
20th-century American architects
Artists from Brooklyn
20th-century American LGBT people

William Alexander Levy


Storkow Castle () is a medieval castle in the small town of Storkow in the district of Oder-Spree in the German state of Brandenburg.

History
The castle would have been built in the mid-12th century during German settlement – probably on the site of a Slavic marsh castle. Its builder is likely to have been Margrave Conrad I of Meißen. The castle is first mentioned in 1209.

Until 1382 the lords of Strehla were resident at the castle. They were succeeded by the lords of Bieberstein. In 1518 Ulrich of Bieberstein enfeoffed the castle to the Bishop of Lebus, Dietrich of Bülow. The castle was then expanded into an episcopal Residenz.

In 1538, Stefan Meiße, a friend and comrade-in-arms of Hans Kohlhase, was tortured to death at the castle. In 1555 the last Roman Catholic bishop of Lebus, John VIII of Horneburg (1551 – 1555), died here. In 1556 the castle and lordship went to Margrave John of Brandenburg-Küstrin. After his death the castle and estate finally ended up in the possession of the electors of  Brandenburg.

In 1627, during the Thirty Years' War, the castle was badly damaged  It was rebuilt as a small Renaissance residence, but suffered more damage, this time by fire, in 1775.

In 1910, the architect Johann Emil Schaudt bought the site and had it remodelled in a Romanesque historic style. Between 1934 and 1945, it was used as a Hitler Youth centre (a Jugendburg). From 1945 to 1978, municipal offices were housed in the castle.

In 1978 the site was destroyed by a major fire. Between 2000 and 2009 the building was gradually rebuilt. The re-inauguration of the castle took place at Pentecost in 2009 as part of the 800th anniversary celebrations of the town of Storkow.

Since May 2009 the visitor information centre for the Dahme-Heideseen Nature Park has been located at Storkow Castle. In addition to the permanent exhibition entitled "People and Nature - a Journey Through Time" about the nature and environment in the nature park, there are also changing exhibitions.

Gallery

Literature

External links

 Storkow Castle at storkow-stadt.de
 Survey and renovation of Storkow Castle

Castles in Brandenburg
Heritage sites in Brandenburg
Buildings and structures in Oder-Spree
Water castles in Germany
Marsh castles

Storkow Castle


Jean-Pierre Eckmann (born 27 January 1944) is a Swiss mathematical physicist in the department of theoretical physics at the University of Geneva and a pioneer of chaos theory and social network analysis.

Eckmann is the son of mathematician Beno Eckmann. He completed his PhD in 1970 under the supervision of Marcel Guenin at the University of Geneva. He has been a member of the Academia Europaea since 2001. In 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. He is also a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

With Pierre Collet and Oscar Lanford, Eckmann was the first to find a rigorous mathematical argument for the universality of period-doubling bifurcations in dynamical systems, with scaling ratio given by the Feigenbaum constants. In a highly cited 1985 review paper with David Ruelle, he bridged the contributions of mathematicians and physicists to dynamical systems theory and ergodic theory, put the varied work on dimension-like notions in these fields on a firm mathematical footing, and formulated the Eckmann–Ruelle conjecture on the dimension of hyperbolic ergodic measures, "one of the main problems in the interface of dimension theory and dynamical systems". A proof of the conjecture was finally published 14 years later, in 1999. Eckmann has done additional mathematical work in very diverse fields such as statistical mechanics, partial differential equations, and graph theory.

His PhD students have included Viviane Baladi, Pierre Collet, and Martin Hairer.

References

External links
Website of Jean-Pierre Eckmann

1944 births
Living people
Mathematical physicists
University of Geneva alumni
Academic staff of the University of Geneva
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society

Jean-Pierre Eckmann


Arlene Raven (Arlene Rubin: July 12, 1944, Baltimore, Maryland – August 1, 2006, Brooklyn, New York) was a feminist art historian, author, critic, educator, and curator. Raven was a co-founder of numerous feminist art organizations in Los Angeles in the 1970s.

Life and work
Arlene Raven's parents were Joseph and Annette Rubin, middle-class Jewish-American parents, in Baltimore, Maryland. Her father was a bar owner, and her mother a homemaker.

Raven earned an Artium Baccalaureatus from Hood College in Maryland in 1965, then went on to complete graduate study.  She earned an MFA in painting from George Washington University and completed a PhD in art history from Johns Hopkins University in 1975.

Raven was a major figure in the Feminist Art Movement and was part of an effort to educate women artists and provide them with opportunities to make and show work that was specifically about their experiences as women.  In 1973, Raven co-founded the Feminist Studio Workshop with Judy Chicago and Sheila Levrant de Bretteville.  The goal of the Feminist Studio Workshop, an independent art school ultimately housed in the Los Angeles Woman's Building, was to "come together as a community of working individuals whose work grows out of our shared experiences as women and our shared social context," and an emphasis was put on "cooperation, collaboration, and sisterhood." That same year, Raven co-founded The Center for Feminist Art Historical Studies with fellow Johns Hopkins-educated art historian Ruth Iskin. The center was dedicated to serious research on women artists, developing a feminist art historical methodology, and creating a slide archive of work by women. Raven also co-founded and edited the women's culture magazine Chrysalis. In 1976, she was a founding member of The Lesbian Art Project; she herself was a lesbian as well. Members explored lesbianism through artwork, researched lesbian artists of the past, such as the painter Romaine Brooks, and questioned the cultural meaning of the very term "lesbian." She was also a founder of the Women's Caucus for Art.

In addition to the Feminist Studio Workshop, Raven also taught at the California Institute of the Arts, Maryland Institute College of Art, Parsons The New School for Design, UCLA, University of Southern California and The New School for Social Research. In the 1980s she became the chief art critic for the Village Voice.

She curated ten exhibitions, including ones for the Baltimore Museum of Art and the Long Beach Museum of Art. One notable exhibition was "At Home," "which brought together many of the artists and ideas she had championed for the previous decade."

In 2000, Raven became critic-in-residence at the Rinehart School of Sculpture at the Maryland Institute College of Art. In 2002, she received the Frank Jewett Mather Award for art criticism from the College Art Association.

Raven died of cancer at her home in Brooklyn, New York, on August 1, 2006, aged 62. She was survived by her father, her sister Phyllis [Gelman], and Nancy Grossman, her life partner of 23 years.

Books
Raven authored nine books, including:
Feminist Art Criticism: An Anthology (1988) (and editor) OCLC 581561464
Crossing Over: Feminism and Art of Social Concern (1988) OCLC 901903194
Art in the Public Interest (1989) OCLC 502660046
New feminist criticism : art, identity, action (1994) OCLC 27816089

Monographs:
Nancy Grossman (1991)
June Wayne: Tunnel of the Senses (1997)

References

External links
Biography

1944 births
2006 deaths
20th-century American essayists
20th-century American women writers
American art critics
American art curators
American art historians
American book editors
American feminist writers
American lesbian artists
American lesbian writers
American women critics
American women curators
American women historians
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Deaths from kidney cancer
Feminist artists
Feminist historians
Frank Jewett Mather Award winners
George Washington University alumni
Historians from Maryland
Historians from New York (state)
Hood College alumni
Jewish feminists
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Journalists from New York City
LGBT people from Maryland
Maryland Institute College of Art faculty
People from Brooklyn
Women art historians
Writers from Baltimore

Arlene Raven


Dr Wa'il Adel Hasan Salman al-Fayad, known as Abu Muhammad al-Furqan, was an Iraqi man and senior leader in the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, who served as the head of its central media department and was on the group's shura council.

History
Little is known of his biographical details, but he was one of the few remaining first generation leaders of IS who were also members of the group's earliest incarnations. He is known to have led the media department for most of his time in the group. He was instrumental in setting up the group's now infamous media products such as Dabiq magazine and Amaq News Agency.
He got his name "al-Furqan" from his founding of the al-Furqan Media Foundation, the central media which releases the group's most important releases, such as messages from its leaders.

Death

He was killed on 7 September 2016 in Raqqah, Syria in an airstrike reported on September 16 by the US Pentagon. According to Pentagon press secretary Peter Cook, he was "one of the most senior leaders" of IS and "one of the very few leaders with direct access" to IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. IS later confirmed his death.

References

2016 deaths
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
Date of birth missing
Deaths in Syria
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant members from Iraq
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant propagandists

Abu Muhammad al-Furqan


The Flag of Atacama Region is one of the regional symbols of the Chilean Atacama Region.

This emblem was created in 1859 during the Chilean Revolution of 1859, when liberal rebel forces fought against the national government. After the revolutionaries were defeated, the flag went out of use until recent times.

The design is a blue field with a yellow star in the center. This is not clear who was the creator, but is attributed to Pedro León Gallo Goyenechea, the leader of rebels. The star and colours would represent the secularist-laicist and liberal ideology that was defended in the rebellion.

This flag was adopted officially in 1997 by the Regional Government of Atacama. The regional flag must be hoisted on the building of the Regional Government and any other where he performs his duties, according to the regional rules.

See also
Flag of Valdivia

References

External links
About the Atacama Flag

Atacama Region
Atacama
Atacama

Flag of Atacama


Craig Norman is a native of Greenfield Park, Quebec. He was appointed full-time head coach of the McGill University Redmen in June 2004, after winning Canadian University Coach of the Year honours in men's basketball during the 2003-04 season, as head coach at Royal Military College in Kingston, Ontario. He coached there for six seasons starting in 1998.

Norman obtained his Level 4 basketball coaching certification under the tutelage of legendary national team coach Jack Donohue (high school coach of Lew Alcinder, later known as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar).  He took over a struggling RMC program and made them a contender. The Paladins, who finished 1-21 in 2001-02, had a 14-8 second-place record, behind the national champion Carleton Ravens, in the OUA East the following year.

Norman was subsequently named OUA Basketball Conference Coach of the Year, then received the Stuart W. Aberdeen memorial trophy as CIS Coach of the Year.

His other previous head coaching stints were at Dawson College (1990–92) in Montreal and Champlain Regional College (1995–98) in Saint-Lambert, Quebec.

He played five seasons at Concordia University for the Concordia Stingers, earning all-Canadian second-team honours in 1986-87. He was also a member of the Quebec provincial team and spent three years at Dawson College, where he was a CCAA All-Canadian in 1982.

He married Kathryn Campbell in July 2005.

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20060423162430/http://qball.ca/
FrozenHoops.com History of NBA basketball in Canada, selection of Top 100 Canadian players of all time

1961 births
Living people
Anglophone Quebec people
Basketball people from Quebec
Canadian basketball coaches
U Sports coaches
Canadian men's basketball players
Concordia Stingers men's basketball players
Dawson College alumni
Dawson College coaches
Academic staff of the Royal Military College of Canada
Sportspeople from Longueuil
Place of birth missing (living people)

Craig Norman


Amber Laura Heard (born April 22, 1986) is an American actress. She had her first leading role in the horror film All the Boys Love Mandy Lane (2006), and went on to star in films such as The Ward (2010), Drive Angry (2011), and London Fields (2018). She has also had supporting roles in films including Pineapple Express (2008), Never Back Down (2008), The Joneses (2009), The Rum Diary (2011), Paranoia (2013), Machete Kills (2013), Magic Mike XXL (2015), and The Danish Girl (2015). Heard is part of the DC Extended Universe franchise, playing Mera in Justice League (2017), Aquaman (2018), and the forthcoming Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom (2023). She has also acted in television series such as The CW's teen drama Hidden Palms (2007) and the Paramount+'s post-apocalyptic The Stand (2020).

In 2016, Heard became a volunteer with the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) in the capacity of an ACLU Artist Ambassador, a role reserved for individuals who advocate for civil rights and civil liberties. Heard also served as a Human Rights Ambassador for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

Heard married actor Johnny Depp in 2015 until their dissolution of the marriage in 2016. The two have since accused each other of domestic abuse and engaged in two lengthy and high-profile defamation cases, including the Depp v. NGN trial and the widely-publicized Depp v. Heard trial.

Early life
Amber Laura Heard was born on April 22, 1986, in Austin, Texas, the middle child of three daughters of internet researcher Patricia Paige (née Parsons; 1956–2020) and construction company owner David Clinton Heard (born 1950). The family lived outside Austin. Heard's father trained horses in his free time, and she grew up riding horses, hunting, and fishing with him. She also participated in beauty pageants, although as an adult she has said that she could no longer "support the objectification". Raised Catholic, Heard began identifying as an atheist at the age of sixteen after her best friend died in a car crash. The following year, no longer comfortable in "conservative, God-fearin' Texas", Heard dropped out of her Catholic high school to pursue an acting career in Los Angeles. She eventually earned a diploma through a home-study course.

Career

2003–2007: Early roles
Heard's earliest acting work included appearances in two music videos, Kenny Chesney's "There Goes My Life" and Eisley's "I Wasn't Prepared", and small supporting roles in the television series Jack & Bobby (2004), The Mountain (2004), and The O.C. (2005). She made her film debut in a minor role in the sports drama Friday Night Lights (2004), followed by brief supporting roles in films Drop Dead Sexy (2005), North Country (2005), Side FX (2005), Price to Pay (2006), Alpha Dog (2006), and Spin (2007), and a guest-starring spot in an episode of the police procedural crime drama television series Criminal Minds. Heard received her first leading role in the unconventional slasher film All the Boys Love Mandy Lane, which premiered at the 2006 Toronto International Film Festival, but was not released in Europe until 2008 and in the US until 2013 due to distribution problems.

In 2007, Heard played the love interest of the main character in The CW's teen drama Hidden Palms, which the network aired to replace summer reruns of other series aimed at teenage audiences. That same year, Heard also appeared in the short movie Day 73 with Sarah, in the teen drama Remember the Daze, and in an episode of the Showtime series Californication.

2008–2016: Mainstream recognition

Heard gained mainstream recognition in 2008 with supporting roles in the Judd Apatow-produced stoner comedy Pineapple Express and the martial arts drama Never Back Down. She also appeared as part of an ensemble cast in an adaptation of Bret Easton Ellis's novel The Informers (2008). The following year, Heard starred in The Joneses (2009) opposite David Duchovny and Demi Moore; Variety wrote that Heard "more or less steals the show" from Moore. Outside a brief appearance in the box office hit Zombieland (2009), Heard's other films during this time were either independent films that received only limited theatrical releaseExTerminators (2009), The River Why (2010), And Soon the Darkness (2010)or critically panned horror filmsThe Stepfather (2009), The Ward.

Heard's first film release in 2011 was Drive Angry, a supernatural action thriller in which she was paired with Nicolas Cage. The film underperformed commercially, but film critic Roger Ebert wrote that she "does everything that can possibly be done" with her character, a waitress who becomes entangled in an undead man's mission to save his daughter from a cult. In early 2011, Heard also appeared on the British television program Top Gear as a star in a reasonably priced car coming 33rd of 41 on their Cee'd leaderboard. Heard next starred in NBC's The Playboy Club, a crime drama series about the original Playboy Club in 1960s Chicago. After poor reviews and ratings as well as protests from both feminists and conservative groups, the series was canceled after only three episodes had aired. Heard's third role of 2011 was as the love interest of the main character, played by Johnny Depp, in the Hunter S. Thompson adaptation The Rum Diary (2011). A commercial failure, grossing $30 million on a $45 million budget, the film received mixed reviews. In 2011, Heard appeared in an advertisement campaign for the fashion brand Guess.

Heard next starred in the thriller Paranoia (2013), the exploitation film Machete Kills (2013), and the satire Syrup (2013). That year also saw the US limited release of All the Boys Love Mandy Lane. Heard's performance in the film was deemed her "most definitive to date" by the Los Angeles Times and "psychologically interesting" by The Washington Post. In 2014, Heard appeared in a supporting role in the action-thriller 3 Days to Kill.

In 2015, Heard had a prominent role in the comedy-drama Magic Mike XXL, playing the love interest of the film's protagonist, Channing Tatum. Heard also had a small supporting role in Tom Hooper's period drama The Danish Girl (2015), and a starring role opposite James Franco and Ed Harris in the independent crime thriller The Adderall Diaries (2015). IndieWire stated that although Heard was "miscast" in The Adderrall Diaries, she "displays much potential and has succeeded in a bid to be taken more seriously". Her fourth role in 2015 was opposite Christopher Walken in the television film One More Time, which aired on Starz. For her role as a struggling singer-songwriter, she took singing lessons and learned to play piano and guitar. The Los Angeles Times called her performance "superb" and The Film Stage stated that Heard did an "admirable job". The actress also appeared in a November 2015 episode of the American automotive reality series Overhaulin', in which her Mustang received a makeover. It also featured the cast pranking Heard at the behest of Depp.

Heard played the female lead in London Fields, an adaptation of Martin Amis's novel about a clairvoyant femme fatale who knows she will be murdered. It premiered at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. Shortly after the screening, the film was pulled from release due to disagreements between its director and producers, and due to litigation. Heard was sued for $10 million for allegedly breaching performance and promotional obligations. The actress countersued, claiming the producers had violated a nudity rider in her contract. In September 2018, a settlement was reached, and the film was finally released. It received highly negative reviews, and Heard later stated that "it was one of the most difficult movies to film and it has proven to continue to be difficult ... I can't say I did [the character] justice". Jane Mulkerrins of The Daily Telegraph wrote that Heard provided "a decent enough turn as the enigmatic [Nicola Six]" that still could not save the adaptation, while Peter Sobczynski of RogerEbert.com said that she "just does not project the kind of mystery and allure" that the character requires. In 2019, Heard's performance in the film received a nomination for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress.

2017–present: DC Extended Universe and other projects
 In 2017, Heard appeared as part of an ensemble cast in Lake Bell's indie comedy I Do... Until I Don't and joined the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) cast as Mera, a princess of an Atlantean kingdom, in the superhero film Justice League. She reprised the role the following year in Aquaman, which co-starred Jason Momoa and marked Heard's first major role in a studio film. She cited Mera's trait of being "a strong, independent, self-possessed superhero in her own right" as one of the reasons for her attraction to the role as well as Mera's rejection of being called Aquawoman instead of by her own name. Aquaman received mixed reviews. It was a commercial success, grossing over $1 billion. The Chicago Tribunes Michael Phillips and The Independents Geoffrey Macnab respectively noted that Heard "lends a blasé air of early '50s B-movie cheese" and that she "camps it up entertainingly" as Mera. That same year, Heard was appointed global ambassador for cosmetics brand L'Oréal Paris.

In 2019, Heard had supporting roles in the independent dramas Her Smell and Gully. Her only project released in 2020 was The Stand, a miniseries based on Stephen King's novel of the same name. She played Nadine Cross, a school teacher who is among the few survivors of an apocalyptic plague. It premiered on CBS All Access in December 2020, with the series finale airing in February 2021. In 2021, Heard reprised her role as Mera in the superhero film Zack Snyder's Justice League, a director's cut of the 2017 film, for which she had also filmed new scenes.

Heard is set to star in Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom (2023), a sequel to Aquaman. An online petition to remove Heard from the film began following her ex-husband Depp's loss in his UK libel case and his replacement in the Fantastic Beasts films in 2020. Heard described the campaign as "paid rumors and paid campaigns on social media", and the film's co-producer, Peter Safran, confirmed that Heard would appear in the sequel. By the start of the 2022 Depp v. Heard trial in the US, the petition had reached 2 million signatures. Heard stated that she "'fought really hard to stay in the movie' but that 'they didn't want to include me in the film' and only shot a 'very pared-down version' of her part". Walter Hamada, a former DC Studios president, and James Wan, the film's director, attributed the reduction of Heard's role to the sequel's intention to focus on the relationship between Momoa and Patrick Wilson's characters.

Heard's first role after the trial was in the film In the Fire, directed by Conor Allyn. The film premiered at the Taormina Film Fest in June 2023. It was released in October 2023.

Charity and activism
Heard traveled to the Mexico-US border with Amnesty International and worked with the organization on a bilingual campaign to raise awareness about US immigration policies. She supported the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights's Stand Up for Human Rights campaign. Heard was one of the speakers at the United Nations's 9th Annual Social Good Summit in September 2018. In her talk, she highlighted the centrality of humans and significance of fairness and justice, as embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Ahead of the 70th anniversary of the declaration's drafting, Heard gave a speech at HagueTalks' Imagine the World We Want event in October 2018.

In April 2018, Heard joined the Syrian American Medical Society (SAMS) on a multi-specialty medical mission to the Zaatari refugee camp in Jordan as a Goodwill Ambassador. She henceforth partnered with SAMS to help finance treatment for children in the camp with thalassemia. In November 2018, she visited Smile Train's programs in Mexico, during which she met with children with cleft lip and palate, their families, and doctors. In February 2019, Heard joined SAMS' mission to Lebanon to help Syrian refugees living in poverty, during which she visited informal settlements in Beqaa Valley. She also partnered with SAMS in raising funds for psychosocial and educational programs and vocational training for the women and children in these settlements.

In November 2016, Heard appeared in a public service announcement (PSA) on domestic violence for the #GirlGaze Project. In the PSA, she spoke about the importance of making it easier for violence against women (VAW) survivors to come forward and self-advocate. She also highlighted the importance of taking responsibility for how VAW is handled and discussed in society. In a letter published in the December 2016 issue of Porter magazine, she spoke to "every woman who is suffering in silence" that said they "may not see us, but we are there. Your sisters are everywhere... and we are with you."

During The Economists Pride and Prejudice event in March 2017, Heard highlighted the underrepresentation of LGBTQ characters in the Hollywood film industry. Referencing her own coming out story, she praised actresses that are candid about their sexuality and encouraged men in the industry to help "challenge the status quo". In August 2017, Heard produced a short video for the publication, in which she spoke about the gender pay gap and underrepresentation of women in the industry. In 2018, Heard became an ambassador for the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), aiding the organization's advocacy for justice in gender issues.

In August 2016, Heard pledged to donate her $7 million divorce settlement with Johnny Depp to the ACLU and Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA). In November 2016, she defended this pledge against an allegation from TMZ–despite Depp not having completed the payment to her–that she had not yet made the donations as pledged. CHLA included Heard in their "Honor Roll of Donors" list for the fiscal year 2017. Depp finished paying the full settlement to Heard in October 2018. On the Dutch talk show RTL Late Night in October 2018, Heard said she had donated $7 million to the ACLU and CHLA. As part of Depp v News Group Newspapers Ltd, Heard stated in a 2020 testimony that the settlement's full amount was donated to charity.

In January 2021, the Daily Mail reported an allegation made by Depp's lawyers that Heard had yet to complete her donations. In response to this claim, Heard's lawyer stated that Heard intended to "eventually fulfill her pledge" but had "been delayed in that goal because ... she has been forced to spend millions of dollars" following Depp's lawsuit. During the 2022 Depp v. Heard trial, the corporate designee of CHLA testified that as of 2021, Heard had given the organization $250,000. The ACLU's chief operating officer testified in December 2021 that the organization expected to receive the money over a 10-year period. To that time, a total of $1.3 million had been donated to the ACLU in Heard's name between 2016 and 2018. Heard testified that defending the case had cost her more than $6 million in legal fees and that she planned to resume her donations when she could.

In May 2019, Heard gave a speech on Capitol Hill in support of the SHIELD Act, discussing her experience with the nonconsensual leak of her private photos obtained via hacking as part of the 2014 celebrity nude photo leak. Heard wrote an op-ed in The New York Times in November 2019, deeming "revenge porn" an inappropriate label due to the lack of consent for the images' disclosure and emphasizing the importance of congressional legislation to protect privacy in light of state laws' failure. In the same month, Heard, together with Nico Tortorella and DC Comics, was awarded for "their activism and commitment to disenfranchised youth" by the Hetrick-Martin Institute. Prior to the 2020 United States presidential election, Heard appeared in an election ad created by artist Marilyn Minter in support of Planned Parenthood and participated in the VoteRiders #IDCheck Challenge on social media.

Personal life

Heard publicly came out in 2010, but has stated, "I don't label myself one way or another – I have had successful relationships with men and now a woman. I love who I love; it's the person that matters."

Heard was in a relationship with photographer Tasya van Ree from 2008 to 2012. Heard had her last name legally changed to van Ree during the relationship and reverted to her birth name in 2014. In 2009, Heard was arrested for misdemeanor domestic violence at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, Washington state after allegedly hitting van Ree. Heard appeared the next day in King County District Court, Seattle but was not charged. The arrest was made public in 2016 during Heard's divorce proceedings from actor Johnny Depp. A statement was then issued by Heard's publicist in which van Ree said that Heard had been "wrongfully" accused and that the incident had been "misinterpreted and over-sensationalized", while also recalling "hints of misogynistic attitudes toward us which later appeared to be homophobic when they found out we were domestic partners and not just 'friends'" and adding that Heard and her "shared 5 wonderful years together and remain close to this day." The female officer who conducted the arrest—herself a lesbian—subsequently posted on Facebook to say, "I am so not homophobic or misogynistic! The arrest was made because an assault occurred (I witnessed it)."

Heard was one of the victims of the 2014 celebrity nude photo leak, in which "more than 50 of [her] personal photos were stolen and released to the public" with Heard later both speaking and writing against such breaches of privacy.

Following her divorce from Johnny Depp, Heard dated tech entrepreneur and Tesla CEO and shareholder Elon Musk for a year, until early 2018. She later had a relationship with actress and cinematographer Bianca Butti from January 2020 to December 2021.

In April 2021, Heard had her first child, a daughter, via surrogacy. As of June 2023, Heard resides in Madrid, Spain.

Relationship with Johnny Depp

Heard first met actor Johnny Depp in 2009 when she was cast in The Rum Diary opposite him. According to reports, the couple began dating in 2012 and were married in a civil ceremony in February 2015.

Australian customs incident
In April 2015, Heard and Depp breached Australia's biosecurity laws when they failed to declare in customs the two dogs accompanying them when they flew into Queensland, where Depp was working on a film. In May 2015, the dogs were flown out of the country hours before a euthanasia deadline. Later in July of the same year, only Heard was charged for this breach in the laws.

By December 2015, the case had been adjourned four times with Heard having instructed her lawyers to enter not guilty pleas and stating that she was "looking forward" to fighting the charges. In the court case in April 2016, Heard pleaded guilty to falsifying quarantine documents, stating that she had made a mistake due to sleep deprivation. While criminal charges were dropped, she was placed on a A$1,000 (US$) one-month good behaviour bond for producing a false document; Heard and Depp released a video apologizing for their behavior and urging others to adhere to biosecurity laws.

Divorce
Heard filed for divorce from Depp in May 2016 and obtained a temporary restraining order against him, releasing a statement saying that, "During the entirety of our relationship, Johnny has been verbally and physically abusive to me. I endured excessive emotional, verbal and physical abuse from Johnny, which has included angry, hostile, humiliating and threatening assaults to me whenever I questioned his authority or disagreed with him." She requested $50,000 a month "as and for pendente lite spousal support based on [their] marital lifestyle." In response, Depp's counsel said "Amber is attempting to secure a premature financial resolution by alleging abuse", but agreed with her request for a restraining order, saying Depp "nonetheless has every intention of staying away from Amber and will stipulate to mutual stay-away and personal conduct orders."

A settlement amount for the divorce was arrived at in August 2016, and Heard pledged to donate the proceeds equally between the ACLU and CHLA. She dropped her request for a continued restraining order and she and Depp issued a joint statement saying that their "relationship was intensely passionate and at times volatile, but always bound by love. Neither party has made false accusations for financial gain. There was never any intent of physical or emotional harm".

The final terms of the settlement were agreed upon by January 2017 with Depp being required to complete the payment of $7 million to Heard by February 2018, contribute $500,000 towards Heard's attorneys fees, and to give Heard custody of their two dogs, a horse, and two cars. Depp was to retain all his real estate assets and 42 vehicles and no spousal support would be paid by either party. In her 2022 testimony, Heard stated that because they had no pre-nuptial agreement, she would have been entitled to half of Depp's earnings of $65 million during the marriage had she requested it.

Depp v News Group Newspapers Ltd

In June 2018, Depp brought a libel lawsuit in the United Kingdom against News Group Newspapers (NGN), the company publishing The Sun, which had labeled him a "wife beater" in an April 2018 article. Heard was a key witness for NGN during the highly publicized trial in July 2020.
In November 2020, the presiding judge found that Depp had lost his claim and that "the great majority of alleged assaults of Ms Heard by Mr Depp [12 out of the 14] have been proved to the civil standard". The court rejected Depp's claim of a hoax, and accepted that the allegations Heard had made against Depp had damaged her career and activism. Depp's appeal to overturn the verdict was rejected in March 2021.

Depp v. Heard

In February 2019, Depp sued Heard for defamation over a December 2018 op-ed for The Washington Post. In the lawsuit, Depp alleged that the op-ed contained three defamatory statements, the first of which was a headline:

 "Amber Heard: I spoke up against sexual violence — and faced our culture's wrath. That has to change."
 "Then two years ago, I became a public figure representing domestic abuse, and I felt the full force of our culture's wrath for women who speak out."
 "I had the rare vantage point of seeing, in real time, how institutions protect men accused of abuse."

Depp also alleged that Heard had been the one who abused him, and that her allegations constituted a hoax against him.

In August 2020, Heard filed a counterclaim against Depp, alleging that he had coordinated "a harassment campaign via Twitter and [by] orchestrating online petitions to get her fired from Aquaman and L'Oréal." Ultimately, Heard's counterclaim went to trial over three allegations that Depp had defamed her through statements made by his then-lawyer, Adam Waldman, published in the Daily Mail in April 2020, where Waldman stated:

 "Heard and her friends in the media used fake sexual violence allegations as both sword and shield", publicizing a "sexual violence hoax" against Depp.
 ...in one incident at a penthouse, "Amber and her friends spilled a little wine and roughed the place up, got their stories straight under the direction of a lawyer and publicist, and then placed a second call to 911" as "an ambush, a hoax" against Depp.
 ...there had been an "abuse hoax" by Heard against Depp.

The Depp-Heard trial took place in Fairfax County, Virginia between April 11 and June 1, 2022. The verdict was that for Depp's lawsuit, the jury found that all three statements from Heard's op-ed were false, defamed Depp, and were made with actual malice, so the jury awarded Depp $10 million in compensatory damages and $5 million in punitive damages from Heard. The punitive damages were reduced to $350,000 due to a limit imposed by Virginia state law. For Heard's counterclaim, the jury found that Waldman's first and third statements to the Daily Mail had not been proven to be defamatory, while finding that Waldman's second statement to the Daily Mail was false, defamatory and made with actual malice. As a result, Heard was awarded $2 million in compensatory damages and zero in punitive damages from Depp.

Over the course of the trial, online public sentiment was generally against Heard as she was made fun of and labeled "crazy" and as her testimony, which was mocked widely, was thought to be false. Heard said she was "harassed, humiliated, threatened every single day" and described online criticism of her testimony as "agonizing". After the trial, Heard said that she did not "blame" the jury for the verdict, that they possibly favored Depp because of his celebrity, not the evidence, as he was a "fantastic actor" and "people feel they know him". An interviewer hypothesized that the jury had reviewed the evidence and had not believed Heard's testimony and Heard responded to this by questioning how the jury could have believed her by the time she got on the stand when they had already listened "to three-and-a-half weeks of testimony about how I was a non-credible person".

The day after the verdict was read, Heard's lawyer, Elaine Bredehoft, told interviewers that Heard could not afford to pay the damages owed to Depp and would appeal the verdict. A month later, one of Heard's insurance providers, New York Marine, sued Heard in federal court, wanting to avoid paying up to $1 million for her legal defense fees in the Virginia case, arguing that the "jury's factual findings establish that Heard's liability is caused by the willful act(s) of Heard", hence New York Marine is "not liable" for the loss.

After they both filed to appeal the verdict, Depp and Heard settled the case in December 2022, with Heard publicly stating that even if her appeal succeeds, she "simply cannot go through" a retrial, while maintaining that the settlement was "not an act of concession." Meanwhile, Depp's lawyers stated that the "jury's unanimous decision and the resulting judgement in Mr. Depp's favor against Ms. Heard remain fully in place," and that the settlement would result in $1 million being paid to Depp by Heard's insurer, which "Depp is pledging and will donate to charities."

Filmography

Film

Television

Music videos

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
21st-century American actresses
Activists from Texas
Actresses from Austin, Texas
American Civil Liberties Union people
American film actresses
American human rights activists
American television actresses
American atheists
21st-century atheists
Former Roman Catholics
American LGBT actors
LGBT actresses
LGBT people from Texas
Johnny Depp
L'Oréal people

Amber Heard


The Humboldt Bay Harbor Recreation & Conservation District (HBHRCD), created in 1972 by local voters, is the governing body of the Port of Humboldt Bay, a deep water port, and the Port of Eureka. Facilities include those in Eureka (Port of Eureka), the principal city of the region, and much larger facilities in the smaller unincorporated communities Samoa, Fairhaven, and Fields Landing (all in Greater Eureka) on the shore of the adjacent peninsula, known as Samoa. The District is responsible for the immediate environs of Humboldt Bay, California, United States (including marsh lands, estuaries, etc.) and all improvements and facilities located at Shelter Cove, a small oceanside facility and dock in southern Humboldt County. Due to conditions at the Bar (entrance to Humboldt Bay), only pilots trained and employed by the District are used to bring vessels beyond a certain size into or out of the harbor unless the ship's pilot has proper certification.

Humboldt Bay, California's second largest enclosed natural bay, located on the Northern California coast, approximately  north of San Francisco and  south of Coos Bay, Oregon, is 14 miles long and contains the only large deep water port for the entirety of Northern California north of San Francisco Bay.

External links
 Humboldt Bay Harbor Recreation & Conservation District
 Interactive Map of Humboldt Bay (delineates Harbor District Management Area)

Eureka, California
Government of Humboldt County, California
Ports and harbors of California
1972 establishments in California
Port authorities in the United States


Richard Earl Locher (June 4, 1929 – August 6, 2017) was an American syndicated cartoonist.

Early life and career
Locher was born in Dubuque, Iowa. After high school, he began studying art at the University of Iowa and the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts. While in Chicago, he became an assistant to Rick Yager, who was drawing Buck Rogers at the time. However, he left the job after a few months to enlist in the Air Force, where he became a test pilot. While at the Air Force, he began freelancing for the Stars and Stripes.

In 1957, he began assisting Chester Gould on Dick Tracy, where he inked the figures and colored the Sunday strips. He also contributed to a story that was cited in Gould's 1959 Reuben award. He left the strip in 1961 to work on other areas, including starting an advertising company, where he worked on designing characters for McDonald's.

Locher kept in touch with Chester Gould even after leaving the strip. In 1973, an editorial cartoonist position at the Chicago Tribune opened up and Gould recommended Locher to take the position. Despite having no experience in editorial cartooning, the Tribune hired Locher. Locher retired May 1, 2013.

Locher, working with his son John, returned to work on Dick Tracy in 1983, when its previous cartoonist, Rick Fletcher, died. That same year, he won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning. In 2009, Jim Brozman took over the drawing of Dick Tracy; however Locher continued to write the storylines and contributed sketches. In 2011, Locher retired from Dick Tracy and handed the reins to the new creative team of Mike Curtis and Joe Staton. Locher's last Dick Tracy strip was published Sunday, March 13, 2011.

In 2006, Locher was inducted into the Oklahoma Cartoonists Hall of Fame in Pauls Valley, Oklahoma by Michael Vance. The Oklahoma Cartoonists Collection, created by Vance, is located in the Toy and Action Figure Museum.

In 2013, Locher helped design and make a 9.5-foot bronze statue of Naperville's founding father, Capt. Joseph Naper.

Personal life
Locher lived in Naperville, Illinois, with his wife, Mary, at the time of his passing.

Locher had three children: Stephen, who lives in the Chicago area; John, who died in 1986; and Jana, who lives in Colorado.

The new Land of Lincoln Trophy designed by Dick Locher goes to the winner of the Northwestern-Illinois college football game.

Locher died on August 6, 2017, in Naperville, Illinois, aged 88. His death was caused by complications from Parkinson's disease.

References

1929 births
2017 deaths
American comic strip cartoonists
American editorial cartoonists
Artists from Iowa
Chicago Tribune people
Dick Tracy
People from Dubuque, Iowa
Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning winners
School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni
United States Air Force officers
University of Iowa alumni

Dick Locher


The Delta IV is a rocket made to launch satellites. It has many different types including Medium, Medium+, and Heavy for many different types of satellites orbiting at many different altitudes above the Earth. The Delta IV launches at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida and at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

Launches

The Delta IV has launched 32 times. The first flight was on November 20, 2002, and it launched the Eutelsat W5 communications satellite into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).

Types
The Delta IV rocket comes in many different types meant to launch different sizes and kinds of satellites.

Delta IV Medium
The least powerful kind of the Delta IV rocket is the Medium type. It has 1 main Common Booster Core (CBC) as the first stage of the rocket, using the RS-68 engine, and the second stage is like from the Delta III rocket, but it has been changed. It uses a 4-meter payload fairing to cover the satellite during the launch of the rocket. This kind has launched 3 times.

Delta IV Medium+ (4,2)
The Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) is like the Medium type, but it has two GEM-60 solid rocket boosters strapped onto the CBC. This kind has launched 13 times, and is the kind of Delta IV rocket that has launched the most times.

Delta IV Medium+ (5,2)
The Delta IV Medium+ (5,2) is like the (4,2), but the second stage and fairing has a larger diameter. This kind has launched 2 times.

Delta IV Medium+ (5,4)
The Delta IV Medium+ (5,4) is like the (5,2), but it has two more GEM-60 solid rocket boosters. This kind has launched 5 times.

Delta IV Heavy
The Delta IV Heavy is the biggest kind of Delta IV rockets. It has two CBC strapped onto it like solid rocket boosters. This kind has launched 9 times, and is the most powerful rocket currently doing launches (the most powerful rocket ever is the Saturn V).

Related pages
 Delta II
 Atlas V

References

Other websites
 Delta IV info page from ULA
 Delta IV User's Guide

Rockets

Delta IV


Ahmed Ali Jaber () (born 2 August 1982 in Baghdad, Iraq) is a former Iraqi football goalkeeper. He was part of the Iraq national football team. He played in all four of Iraq's matches in the 2004 AFC Asian Cup. However, he finished the campaign on a low, having been sent off in the quarter-finals against China after lashing out at China's Sun Jihai. After losing his place to Noor Sabri in the 2004 Olympic Games, the Al Zawra'a goalkeeper returned to the national team in the Gulf Cup in the same year. He had a brief spell with Sanat Naft in Iran before returning to Al Zawra'a. On 16 September, he was released along with seven other players by Arbil FC.

He was one of the stars at the 2000 Asian Youth Championship in Tehran and clinched Iraq's place in the final of the Asian Youth Championship against Japan, beating Iran 7-6 on penalties after extra-time. Ahmed hammered home his spot-kick after saving the effort of Iranian striker Mansour Jamalyan and 2 other Iranian players, Ahmed then raced the length of the field to celebrate with the Iraqi fans before collapsing in a heap, overcome by the emotion.

However, he missed the final due to a yellow card he picked up after time wasting in the 90th minute. After his heroics in Iran, he was voted Iraqi goalkeeper of the year of 2000.

Honours

Country
 2007 Asian Cup winners

References

External links

 Iraq squad on AFC Asian Cup website

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Baghdad
Iraqi men's footballers
Iraq men's international footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Iran
Iraqi expatriate men's footballers
Al-Zawraa SC players
erbil SC players
2004 AFC Asian Cup players
2007 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Men's association football goalkeepers

Ahmed Ali Jaber