Burt John Wilson (January 24, 1933 – January 6, 2021) was an American philosopher, writer, broadcaster, jazz musician, political activist, playwright, and advertising executive.

College
Wilson received a B.A. degree in Telecommunications from the University of Southern California in 1955.  While at USC, Wilson served as the writer and announcer for the pre-game and halftime activities, in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, for the Spirit of Troy, the USC Trojan Marching Band, under the direction of Tommy Walker.  On October 30, 1954, Wilson was involved in an accident where a steel tower collapsed at USC's Bovard Field during a morning rehearsal for Band Day featuring a musical tribute on the 100th birthday of Bandmaster John Philip Sousa.  There were about 20 people on the platform.  Wilson was taken to the Georgia Street Hospital with injuries to his head, abdomen, and legs. After receiving treatment, Wilson asked the police to drive him to the USC-Oregon State game, at the coliseum, where he announced the pre-game and half-time band activities from memory.

In his Junior year, Wilson produced the annual inter-fraternity variety show "Trolios" which was staged at the huge Shrine Auditorium, near the USC campus. In his Senior year, Wilson wrote and staged his fraternity's (Theta Chi) Trolios entry, "Social Probation Blues" which won third place in the show. 25 fraternities had entered.

Wilson was also a founding member of Tau Alpha Sigma (TAS), USC's professional communications fraternity.

Career and Public Service

Army
Wilson served in the U.S. Army, in Germany, as a radio announcer and soldier show producer from 1955 to 1958. While he was with Special Services, he produced the Broadway musical, Kiss Me, Kate, and toured it to many army bases around Europe.  Wilson was cast as a captain in the Citizen Soldier TV Series' episode, "The Defense of St. Vith", produced by Charles Marquis Warren, who would later go on to produce the well known Rawhide TV series.  Wilson also served as army talent scout for producer Warren, supplying actors for the Citizen Soldier series.  One of Wilson's "finds" was John Erwin who did five leads in the series and later starred as Teddy on Rawhide.  Erwin would later become famous as the voice of Morris the Cat, as well as the voice of various cartoon characters, and starring in movie roles.

Advertising
Wilson's advertising career runs concurrently with his public service projects. After his return from Germany, Wilson worked as a commercial copywriter at KXOA radio and commercial writer/producer at KCRA-TV in Sacramento, California.  He then launched his own advertising agency, MediaScope Advertising, Ltd. Among his many clients was Shakey's Pizza Parlors, where he formed his lifelong friendship with its co-founder, Sherwood "Shakey" Johnson and led to his eventual authoring of the book Shakey and Me. In 1965, wanting the "Los Angeles experience", Wilson moved South and went to work for Boylhart, Lovett and Dean as an account executive. In 1968, Wilson was nominated as "Advertising Man of the Year" by the Western States Advertising Association because of his volunteerism in Watts after the riots. He was beat out by H. R. "Bob" Haldeman who later became Chief of Staff for President Richard Nixon and was later sent to jail because of his involvement in Watergate. In 1969, Wilson made the leap to Creative Director at Needham, Harper, and Steers, a national agency. From NH&S, Wilson moved to the Goodman Organization, an entertainment agency. This provided him with an entrée to American International Pictures where he worked freelance for a number of years creating their broadcast campaigns for such movies as Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster, Frogs, and Dr. Phibes Rises Again. Wilson moved to New York City in 1979 and managed an in-house ad agency for April-Marcus, a national clothing merchandiser. Wilson returned to California in 1981 to act as free media director for the Campaign against the Peripheral Canal. The canal was defeated by a 2/3 vote statewide. In 1983, Wilson was named Director of Advertising for Pleasant Hawaiian Holidays where he managed a 10-person Advertising Department. In 1989, he opened his own television production company in Simi Valley where he wrote and produced industrial videos and cable TV commercials.

Public Service
In 1966, after the notorious Watts riots, Wilson formed the Watts Revitalization Corps, a non-funded, all-volunteer organization that worked with Watts Community members to improve conditions in the riot-torn area. His six years of work attracted national attention and was praised by then Senator Robert F. Kennedy as an outstanding example of volunteer community involvement.

In 1968 Wilson began producing and hosting a public service radio program "What You Can Do For Your Country" on KMET-FM in Los Angeles. He used the program to attract young people to his Revitalization Corps work in Watts. Thousands of high school students came to Watts over the four-year run of the show. Wilson received a prestigious Columbia University Edwin Howard Armstrong award, also known as the "Major Armstrong award", for the program.

In 1970, Wilson was asked by the Taos, New Mexico Indian Pueblo (who had heard him on the radio) to help in their struggle to gain title to their sacred Blue Lake religious lands and prevent a government take-over of this sanctuary. Wilson organized a media tour in and around Los Angeles for the tribal leadership. It was the first time the tribal leadership had left the pueblo in 5,000 years. For his successful efforts, Wilson was awarded a ceremonial blanket and made a brother of the pueblo.

In 1973, Wilson worked in Coachella, California with César Chávez during the Delano grape strike. Wilson helped organize farm workers and did publicity and PR for the Union, while working out of the UFW Union Hall in Coachella's grapefruit-growing area. He was a frequent guest on the local radio station and held media conferences for the press.

In the mid-1970s, Wilson became a co-coordinator of the Los Angeles-based organization CAUSE (Campaign Against Utility Service Exploitation) a coalition of 29 different consumer and activist groups which was successful in fighting an advance payments plan by ARCO and the Southern California Gas Company. He gained national attention when CAUSE secured a $1-billion victory and forced the gas company to make restitution to its users. Following this victory, CAUSE exposed the phone company's giving out of unlisted numbers to unapproved agencies and led the fight to keep natural gas tankers out of Los Angeles harbor.

In 1977, Wilson ran for State Assemblyman from the 46th District, in Los Angeles County. He came in third in a 17-candidate race. Later that year, Wilson was overwhelmingly voted to the Los Angeles County Democratic Committee. That year he was also elected as the Southern vice-president of the CDC, the California Democratic Council.

In 1981–2, as a political campaign activist, Wilson played a major role as Media Director in the defeat of the Peripheral Canal proposition, a measure which would have diverted Northern California water South by means of the construction of a huge, cement canal that was considered to be environmentally adverse.  The proposition was defeated by a 2/3 vote statewide.

In 1982, after the Peripheral Canal campaign, Wilson signed on as Press Secretary to Dr. Wilson Riles' try at a fourth term as State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Riles lost.

In 1984, Wilson was among 108 community activists in a successful ACLU lawsuit against the Public Disorder and Intelligence Division of the Los Angeles Police Department for illegal surveillance. The suit was successfully prosecuted and was settled by the LAPD for $1.3 million.

In 1999, Wilson moved to Binghamton, New York, to work with the Citizen Action organization under the leadership of Mary Clark. While there, Wilson exposed the actions of State Senator Tom Libous (R-Binghamton) who was selling sport clothing out of his senate office and using his free senate frank to send out brochures. Wilson brought this to the attention of local media and thus forced Libous to give up this little side show shopping effort. The senate ethics committee chose not to prosecute.

Since 2006, Wilson has been fighting against a plan to build twin tunnels in the Sacramento Delta which could drain and ruin the Delta. He established a blog titled the "Public Water New Service" in order to correct misconceptions the water agencies are using to influence the public. His blog is read by thousands throughout California.

Along with his continuing activism, Wilson has written for the Los Angeles FREE PRESS, had Op-Ed pieces published in the LOS ANGELES TIMES, the SAN DIEGO UNION, the SACRAMENTO BEE, the SACRAMENTO NEWS AND REVIEW and a letter published in THE NEW YORKER. He has conducted activist-oriented radio talk shows on KPFK and co-hosted a TV program The Citizen Intelligencer on KVST-TV in Los Angeles.

Dixieland Jazz
Wilson has appeared as a guest artist in many Sacramento Dixieland Jazz Jubilees over the past 40 years.  He plays piano, trombone, ukulele, and sings.  Wilson is mentioned in the jazz musician's reference book, "Jazz West 1945–1985: The A-Z Guide to West Coast Jazz Music", authored by K. O. Eckland, for leading the first traditional Jazz Band (The Silver Dollar Jazz Band) ever to be hired to play at the very first Shakey's Pizza Parlor at 57th and J Streets in Sacramento, California, in 1955. Eckland wrote "This large, [Lu] Watters-type jazz band led the jazz revival in Sacramento."

Philosophy
In 1966, Wilson was introduced to the teaching of Agni Yoga through a friend. He met his guru, Ralph Harris Houston, in October of that same year and became his disciple in 1968. He credits Houston as inspiring him to fight injustice and serve the community as a consumer and political activist. In 1990, after the death of renowned American philosopher Manly Palmer Hall, a long-time friend of his guru, Wilson was invited to fulfill some of Hall's speaking engagements at the Philosophical Research Society (PRS) in Los Angeles. Wilson became a prominent lecturer on esoteric metaphysics at PRS and was elected to the board of trustees of the society the following year.

Projects
Wilson moved back to his home town of Sacramento in 2000.
For the past 12 years, Wilson has written and produced a weekly television program called "Ancient Wisdom for the 21st Century" in which he covers esoteric subjects, explaining the many different tenets of the Ancient (Pre-Christian) Wisdom. His program is the most-watched program on the Access Channel in Sacramento and can be watched at 9:00 PM PST on Thursday nights at www.accesssacramento.org—click on "Watch Ch. 17."

In 2004, Wilson's video production of "The Roots of Sacramento Jazz" was featured in the "A Place Called Sacramento" film festival.

In 2005, Wilson was asked to participate in the UCLA Oral History Project concerning his consumer and political activism.

In 2007, Wilson was featured nationally in the Ken Burns documentary film, The War. His role was to explain how a 10-year old viewed the war and tell of his experiences on the home front.

In 2011, another of Wilson's video productions, "CSI: Sacramento", a spoof of the TV series, was featured in the "A Place Called Sacramento" film festival.

From 2011 to 2015, Wilson continued to write books and was well known for his op-ed editorials against the state water agencies' desire to once more divert more water from the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta to Southern California by building twin tunnels under the Delta.

Wilson moved back to Binghamton, New York, in 2015 to teach an Agni Yoga class there and work with Citizen Action, a volunteer organization that works for economic justice. Shortly thereafter, he finished his first novel and completed another book with an ancient wisdom religious theme.

Death
Wilson died from complications of COVID-19  on January 6, 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York.

Bibliography
Books authored by Mr. Wilson include:

A History of Sacramento Jazz 1948–1966 (1986)--a memoir of his days as a jazz musician and band leader in Sacramento before the capital city began to host what has become the world's largest annual jazz festival.
Complete Post Production with the Video Toaster (1996)--a "how to" instruction book for the first computer-based video editing unit.
Shakey & Me (2001)--An account of the life and times of Shakey's Pizza Parlors founder Sherwood (Shakey) Johnson and all the humorous escapades they both shared.
The Leader (2007)--a collaboration on a Russian-to-English version of a handbook presented to Russian painter Nicholas Roerich by the Hierarchy for true spiritual leadership.
The Crucifixion Cover-up (2009)--A highly predictive theory of the nature of crucifixion and how and why it was covered up in the Bible. It is framed in the larger context of Jesus' arrest, trial and crucifixion.
Everything is Karma (2017)--Wilson not only explains Karma and how it works with the concept of reincarnation and past lives, he gives examples of a lot of different karmic actions and explains the karma of each. It is the definitive book on Karma.

References

External links
'Voice of Simi' Stepping Away from Mic, Daily News, Jul 4, 1998
Burt Wilson, Sacramento Press
Stories by Burt Wilson, Sacramento News & Review
Burt Wilson, IMDB

1933 births
2021 deaths
Musicians from Stockton, California
University of Southern California alumni
United States Army soldiers
American jazz pianists
American male pianists
American male writers
Writers from Stockton, California
20th-century American pianists
Jazz musicians from California
21st-century American pianists
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)

Burt Wilson


The Quarterback is a 1940 American comedy film directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and written by Robert Pirosh. The film stars Wayne Morris, Virginia Dale, Lillian Cornell, Edgar Kennedy, Alan Mowbray and Jerome Cowan. The film was released on October 16, 1940, by Paramount Pictures.

Plot

College student Jimmy Jones is a timid guy, whereas his twin brother Bill is a fun-loving sort who is in debt with gamblers. When it turns out Bill has an aptitude for football, he pretends to be Jimmy and joins the school's team.

Both brothers end up falling for co-ed Kay Merrill, who is offended by Jimmy's aggressive behavior, not realizing it was really Bill. A gangster, Townley, wants the big game to be lost on purpose so he can collect his gambling debts. Jimmy plays in it himself and does poorly while Bill hitchhikes out of town. But when he hears what's happening on the radio, Bill returns, wins the game, then fights off the crooks.

Cast
Wayne Morris as Jimmy Jones and Billy Jones
Virginia Dale as Kay Merrill
Lillian Cornell as Sheila
Edgar Kennedy as Pops
Alan Mowbray as Professor Hobbs
Jerome Cowan as Townley
Rod Cameron as Tex
William Frawley as Coach
Walter Catlett as Tom
Frankie Burke as 'Slats' Finney

See also
 List of American football films

References

External links

1940 films
American black-and-white films
American football films
American sports comedy films
1940s English-language films
Films directed by H. Bruce Humberstone
Films scored by John Leipold
Paramount Pictures films
1940s sports comedy films
1940 comedy films
1940s American films
English-language sports comedy films

The Quarterback (1940 film)


Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder. It is a kind of anemia. People suffering from the disease produce a smaller amount of red and white blood cells. It is named after Guido Fanconi who first described the disease, in 1929. It should not be confused with Fanconi syndrome. Fanconi syndrome is a disorder affecting the kidneys.

Other websites
  Fanconi Anemia Research Fund
  GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Fanconi Anemia
  OMIM entries on Fanconi Anemia

Genetic disorders

Fanconi anemia


Mary Grant Price (20 February 1917 – 2 March 2002) was a Welsh-American costume designer who worked in theatre and film. She worked professionally under the name Mary Grant. She began her career on Broadway in the mid-1930s, first as an assistant to Raoul Pene Du Bois, and later as a lead designer during the 1940s. In 1943 she began working in film and spent much of the 1940s and 1950s designing costumes for Hollywood motion pictures. She was a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

Biography
Price was born Eleanor Mary Grant in Broad Haven, Pembrokeshire, Wales. She studied dance for one semester at the University of Washington before moving to New York City to study design. She began her career as an assistant designer to Raoul Pene Du Bois in 1935 at the age of 18. She also worked during the late 1930s and early 1940s as an assistant to Miles White. She worked with these two men on several notable Broadway shows, including the original productions of DuBarry Was a Lady (1939), Sons o' Fun (1941), and Oklahoma! (1943) among others. As head designer, she designed costumes for eight Broadway shows, including Mexican Hayride (1944) and Marinka (1945).

Between 1943–1972, Grant designed costumes for 14 motion pictures, beginning with Follies Girl which was released in 1943. While working on the film Up in Central Park (1948) she met actor Vincent Price. She became Price's second wife in 1949, becoming the stepmother of Vincent Barrett Price (b. 1940) and giving birth to the couple's daughter, Victoria Price, in 1962. In 1950, the family were living at 1815 Benedict Canyon Drive in Beverly Hills. Between the years 1965 and 1969, Grant co-authored a series of cookbooks with her husband.

Mary and Vincent divorced in 1973. Mary died, aged 85, in Boston, Massachusetts

Filmography
Follies Girl (1943)
The Princess and the Pirate (1944)
Wonder Man (1945)
Up in Central Park (1948)
Texas, Brooklyn & Heaven (1948)
Bride of Vengeance (1949)
Red Stallion in the Rockies (1949)
We're No Angels (1955)
The Vagabond King (1956)
The Bachelor Party (1957)
Sweet Smell of Success (1957)
Separate Tables (1958)
The Devil's Disciple (1959)
An Evening of Edgar Allan Poe (1972)

Books
 Price, Vincent and Price, Mary Grant, A Treasury of Great Recipes: Famous Specialties of the World's Foremost Restaurants Adapted for the American Kitchen. Bernard Geis Associates, 1965; .
 Price, Vincent and Price, Mary Grant, Mary and Vincent Price Present A National Treasury of Cookery. Heirloom Publishing Company, 1967;
 Price, Vincent and Price, Mary Grant, Come Into the Kitchen Cook Book: A Collector's Treasury of America's Great Recipes. Stravon Educational Press, 1969;

References

External links

1917 births
2002 deaths
American costume designers
University of Washington alumni
British emigrants to the United States

Mary Grant Price


Hoffman Park is a  park in Union Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey that is operated by the Hunterdon County Department of Parks and Recreation.

The park contains hardwood forests, grasslands and 32 ponds, Manny's Pond being the largest. It contains several paved and gravel trails for walking and biking. Deer hunting is allowed by permit in some sections of the park.

The park setting provides a habitat for many birds including bobolinks, eastern meadowlarks, eastern bluebirds, grasshopper sparrows, and Savannah sparrows. The larger ponds contain bass and sunfish.

The park is named after the former owners, Albert and Joyce Hoffmann; Hoffman was the son of the founder of the Hoffman Beverage Company of Irvington, New Jersey.

The Norfolk Southern Railway's Lehigh Line (formerly the mainline of the Lehigh Valley Railroad), runs next to the park and can be seen from a distance from the park's parking lot.

External links
Hoffman Park homepage

County parks in New Jersey
Parks in Hunterdon County, New Jersey

Hoffman Park


Aa Raathri () is a 1983 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Joshiy and written by Kaloor Dennis, with  Mammootty and Poornima Bhagyaraj in lead roles. Rohini, M. G. Soman and Lalu Alex appear in supporting roles. The film follows the life of a happy family and how a set of unfortunate events ruin their lives. The film's songs were composed by Ilaiyaraaja, with lyrics written by Poovachal Khader.

Plot

Ravi and Indu are happily married and they have a daughter, Minimol. Ravi is working in a bank and Indu is a housewife. Indu was brought up in an orphanage at Ernakulam. Ravi had fallen for her and they got married. They are now settled in Trivandrum.

Abdu is illegally 'employed' as a 'false witness' in court. People will hire him for providing false witness during court judgments.

Venu and his two friends stay in a house. Venu is a decent guy but the other two will always go behind girls for their desires.

There was an invite for Ravi and Indu to attend the feast of Mother (who was the matron of the orphanage in which Indu was brought up), and they plan to go.

During proceeding of one of the cases, Abdu tells that he had seen the alleged person committing a murder, and he should be given the maximum punishment. The alleged person pleads to the court, that he has not committed it. However court orders the alleged to be hanged. The wife and daughter of the alleged commit suicide by jumping in front of the train. After watching their corpses, Abdu regrets to his mother and takes the decision to lead a good life by doing a decent job. He then starts in the job of a fish seller in the market.

On their return journey from Ernakulam after attending the feast, Radha runs and gets into the compartment in which Ravi and Indu are traveling. Radha's stepfather started misbehaving with her after her mother's death so she wishes to escape from him. She boarded the train as her cousin and fiance (Venu) was employed at Trivandrum and she had decided to reach him for help. On reaching Trivandrum, Radha stays with Ravi and Indu. Minimol is much interested in Radha. In the meantime, Ravi starts enquiring about Venu, who was a medical representative. Ravi gets the information that Venu has been to Madras for training, and once he is back he will be promoted to area manager. Days pass and as Radha's grief increases day by day, Ravi gets a job for her in YWCA. However, as per their rules, Radha has to stay there. So Radha parts with them to stay there.

Venu returns after the training, and they start partying in a bar. Ravi, Indu and Minimol visit Radha in YWCA and they go for an outing. After the outing, Minimol wants to stay with Radha. So Ravi and Indu return after leaving Minimol with Radha, with the assurance that Radha will drop her at the house the next morning. Ravi and Indu takes dinner outside and they go for a second show (movie). Venu and his friends too come for the movie and they get seated just behind Ravi and Indu's seat. Venu was seated just behind Indu. Despite initial warnings from Venu, his friends try to trouble Indu. And while Ravi goes to the toilet in between, and as the molestation becomes too much, Indu turns back and beats Venu, thinking that she was disturbed by Venu. As the people in the theatre get angry with the three, they leave the theatre and go to a bar. Venu feels much depressed as he was humiliated in front of the crowd in the theatre for an offence he had not done. His friends console him by telling him that they will take revenge for this. While Ravi and Indu was returning after the movie, they block them, thrash Ravi and take Indu in the car. Abdu sees Ravi, and they both search for the car. However, they did not succeed and they file a complaint with the police. Ravi gets back home and spend the night in chair sleepless. In the morning when Radha returns with Minimol, the phone rings and they get the information that Indu is admitted in the hospital. Ravi goes to see that she was raped, and takes her home. He takes good care of her to recover. Though Indu plans suicide, Ravi consoles her by telling that it's her personality that he had liked and not her body.

As Indu also suggests, Ravi wants to withdraw the case as he fears that the proceedings in the court may hurt Indu mentally again. However, when the police Inspector suggests that it will allow the accused to be free again, Ravi somehow agrees. Abdu was approached for telling false witness in the court for Venu and his friends, but he denies. Abdu assures Ravi that he will provide witness in the court for Indu and Ravi.

On the way Abdu meets his old teacher Rahim. We come to know that Abdu is actually Gopi, who had eloped while he was young, leaving his mother and sister. Gopi was falsely caught for a pick-pocket case and then he had reached the hands of a Muslim family where they had called him Abdu. Rahim says that after the death of Gopi's mother, he had taken Gopi's sister to an orphanage in Ernakulam, and gives the details of the orphanage.

While the case proceedings happen in the court, Radha had a glimpse on Venu and she was shocked to see that Venu is one among the culprits. Abdu tells false witness against Indu, alleging her as a prostitute. Also, Indu could not answer the criminal lawyer's questions. The culprits are set free. Ravi gets angry with Abdu, and start to fight with him, when the crowd pulls them apart. Abdu visits the orphanage to find out that Indu is her sister. He returns to Ravi's house to see that Indu had committed suicide. Radha visits Venu and curses him. While she returns, she is taken into custody by Venu's friends. On seeing that Radha is about to be raped by his friends, Venu fights them. He confirms to Radha that he is innocent and he was the one who had taken Indu to hospital (after his friends had raped her that night).

Ravi was looking to take revenge for all happenings. As he was about to beat Venu, Radha interferes and tells Ravi that Venu is her husband and he is innocent. While Minimol is all alone at the house, Abdu reaches there and takes her. While Ravi sees this he gets angry and starts fighting with Abdu. Abdu somehow blocks Ravi and tells him that Indu was his sister and in order to get cash to conduct her sister's marriage, he had borne false witness in court.

Ravi and Abdu then set out to hunt the two criminals, and finally kills them. The film ends with Minimol being taken by Radha and Venu, as the police vehicle departs with Ravi in it.

Cast

Mammootty as Ravi
Poornima Bhagyaraj as Indhu
M. G. Soman as Abdu/Gopi
Ratheesh as Venu
Lalu Alex as Babu
Cochin Haneefa
Rohini as Radha
Anju as Minikutty
Prathapachandran
Philomina
Jagathy Sreekumar as Sundereshan
Sukumari
Kunchan
K. P. A. C. Sunny
Kothuku Nanappan as Rahim master

Release and reception
The film was released on 23 April 1983. The film was critically acclaimed and became a blockbuster and was one of the highest grossers of the year. The film ran for 50 days in all release theatres.

Soundtrack

References

External links

1980 films
1980s Malayalam-language films
Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja
Films directed by Joshiy

Aa Raathri


The Albany Town House is a historic town hall building at the junction of Maine Routes 5 and 35 with Vernon Street and Hunt's Corner Road in Albany Township, Maine.  Built in 1848, it is the only surviving governmental structure of the former town of Albany, which was incorporated in 1803 and disincorporated in 1937.  Since 1947 the building has been owned by the non-profit Albany Improvement Association, and continues to serve the area as a community hall.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

The town house is a single story wood-frame structure on a small rise.  Nearby area a few houses, as well as the township's two other public buildings, a grange hall (1909) and church (1877–78).  It is about  square, with its main entrance facing south, toward Hunt's Corner Road.  The main facade consists of a central entry flanked by sash windows.  There is evidence that the doorway originally had sidelight windows; these appear to have been covered over or removed in a 20th-century re-siding of the structure.  The door is topped by a slightly triangular header, a vernacular nod to Greek Revival styling popular at the time of the building's construction.  A small addition, containing a privy and woodshed, extends north from the main block.

The interior of the building is an open hall with a small separated kitchen area in the southwest corner.  The ceiling is finished in tin, a replacement (at unknown date) for the original plaster ceiling.  The floor is narrow hardwood, and the walls are lined with beadboard wainscoting.  There is a raised platform in the northeast corner, which once held a wood stove.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Oxford County, Maine

References

City and town halls on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine
Greek Revival architecture in Maine
Buildings and structures completed in 1848
Buildings and structures in Oxford County, Maine
Town halls in Maine
National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County, Maine

Albany Town House


The Foss Islands branch line was a former railway branch in the city of York. The line, about  long, opened in 1880, connecting the York–Scarborough line of the North Eastern Railway to a large freight depot in the Foss Islands area of the city.

Freight traffic

Much of the traffic on the branch line served the Rowntree's factory on Haxby Road.  In the Foss Islands area, there were sidings to:
 the York Gas Company's premises near Monk Bridge
 a York Corporation depot that included a power station and a refuse destructor, and
 the Navigation Warehouse belonging to Leetham's Mills at the junction of the River Foss and Wormald's Cut
 the British Transport Hotels laundry

Passenger service

A minor passenger service (not shown in public timetables) was provided from 1927 onwards to a small station called Rowntree Halt south of the factory and close to the junction of the branch with the Scarborough line.  This allowed Rowntree workers from areas south of York such as Selby and Doncaster to commute directly to the factory, and was also used for works visits and workers' excursions.  The halt officially closed on 8 July 1988.

Connection to the DVLR

The Foss Islands end of the branch line was connected with the new Derwent Valley Light Railway's northern terminus at York (Layerthorpe) railway station when it opened in 1913.

Final years

After the DVLR closed in 1981, freight generated by the Rowntree factory ensured the survival of the Foss Islands branch for eight more years and it was finally closed in 1989 with the tracks being lifted in 1992. Some of the former route between the site of the former junction with the York to Scarborough Line and Layerthorpe, along with the stretch of the DVLR from there to Osbaldwick, has since been converted into a cycle track by Sustrans.

References

Rail transport in North Yorkshire
Rail transport in York
Railway lines opened in 1880
Closed railway lines in Yorkshire and the Humber
Railway lines closed in 1989

Foss Islands branch line


Xuanwu District is a district of Nanjing, China. About 625,000 people live there.

Its name comes from Xuanwu Gate, the north gate of the old city walls.

Xuanwu District is in central Nanjing. When Nanjing was the capital city of China in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, Xuanwu District was the place with China's capitol and its presidential palace. It is still the home of Nanjing's city government.

As the central area of Nanjing, Xuanwu is home to many important places. Some of the most important are Xuanwu Lake, the old presidential palace and city wall, Sun Yat-sen's Tomb and the Ming Tombs, and Purple Mountain.

Its many schools include Southwest University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Forestry University, the Nanjing University of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Nanjing

Xuanwu District


Supremo is an Indian comic book character in the series The Adventures of Amitabh Bachchan (in Hindi, किस्से अमिताभ के), published in the 1980s. The series was based on the actor Amitabh Bachchan.

Supremo was created by Pammi Bakshi, editor of Movie magazine, who developed the series for her magazine's publisher, India Book House (IBH), under their imprint Star Comics. In an interview, Pammi Bakshi stated that the name Supremo came about from actor Randhir Kapoor's tag for superstar Bachchan. Bakshi recalled that she roped writer-director Gulzar as consultant, and for the character design, approached Pratap Mullick, then an illustrator for the Amar Chitra Katha comic books. According to the same interview, the series was written mostly by actress Sudha Chopra and freelance writers, with some contributions from readers. The initial comic books in the series, however, credit Gulzar for script. Sudha Chopra is credited as script coordinator, and Pammi Bakshi as editor, while Pratap Mullick is listed as art director, and also as an artist along with three others.

In the comics, Supremo was an alter ego of the actor Amitabh Bachchan. As described in a contemporary  article in The India Magazine, Supremo conceals his identity by wearing large glasses which resemble welding glasses, a skin-tight costume with a wrap which resembles those worn by fishermen on India's western coast, and a chakra pendant. He loves peanuts and "music is his passion", which is why he carries a Walkman. Supremo has two helpers, boys named Vijay and Anthony after Bachchan's screen characters. He also has a dolphin named Sonali, and a falcon scout Shaheen, inspired by the bird in Bachchan's film Coolie.

See also
 Jimmy Zhingchak

References

External links
Amitabh Bachchan as Supremo Like you've never seen before
Amitabh Bachchan: Comic Superhero
Supremo at International Catalogue of Superheroes
Indian comics featuring celebrities

Indian comics
Indian comics titles
Male characters in comics
Comics superheroes
Indian superheroes
Hindu characters in comics
Cultural depictions of Amitabh Bachchan
Gulzar

Supremo (comics)


Vito Joseph LoGrasso (born June 18, 1964) is an American actor and  professional wrestler, best known for his work in World Championship Wrestling as Big Vito and more recently World Wrestling Entertainment and working for their "developmental territories" Ohio Valley Wrestling and Deep South Wrestling as Vito.

Professional wrestling career

Independent circuit (1990–1998; 2001–2004)
LoGrasso started wrestling in 1990 on the independent circuit until being approached by NOW Wrestling Federation, based in Japan.  Vito then went on to work in the USWA and WWC using the name Skull Von Krush. LoGrasso also travelled to Japan on other occasions after his NOW run. Firstly to All Japan Pro-Wrestling, where he holds a rare pinfall elimination over Mitsuharu Misawa in the New Year Giant Series battle royal of 1998, after hitting a Stunner on the Triple Crown Champion which led to his elimination. As Big Vito, he teamed with "Mr. Puroresu" Genichiro Tenryu twice while wrestling for Riki Choshu's Fighting World Of Japan Pro-Wrestling in April 2003.

World Wrestling Federation (1991–1993)
He returned to the states in 1991 and became enhancement talent in the WWF. He wrestled on early editions of WWF Monday Night Raw as Von Krus, a German wrestler with an "evil foreigner" gimmick.

United States Wrestling Association (1994)
1994 Vito debuted in USWA as Skull Von Krush managed by Lee Womack. He feuded with Brian Christopher, Spell Binder, and Jeff Gaylord. On March 7, 1994, Memphis Memories show. Vito, as Skull Von Krush, teamed with Danny Davis & Ken Wayne in a six-man tag match at a USWA show in Memphis to defeat the team of Jeff Gaylord, King Cobra & Spellbinder. He also later attacked Jerry Lawler.

Extreme Championship Wrestling (1998-1999)
After a lot of success in those promotions, Vito met up with extreme wrestler Taz at Johnny Rodz training school, who was able to get him a try out in ECW. When he started in ECW, he was still using the name Skull Von Krush. He later changed his name to Vito "The Skull" LoGrasso and became a member of "Da Baldies" stable, who in the storyline, claimed to be an offshoot of a real life New York street gang, and as such took issue with New Jack calling himself a "Gangsta" and began a feud with him. Vito worked a couple of shows with the now defunct LIWF with Billy Alaimo and was on the Junkyard Dog memorial show in a casket match at the Elks Lodge in Queens, New York.

On the November 19, 1999 edition of ECW Wrestling on TNN, LoGrasso was pinned in a tag team match where the loser of the fall was forced to leave the company as he was already signed to WCW.

World Championship Wrestling (1999–2001)
In 1999 Vito left ECW for World Championship Wrestling (WCW) where he teamed with Johnny the Bull as The Mamalukes. Managed by Tony Marinara The Mamalukes captured the WCW World Tag Team Championship twice, and were, in storyline, jointly awarded the WCW Hardcore Championship. After being awarded the championship, however, Vito and Johnny were forced to face each other in a match to crown one champion, which Vito won.

In WCW, Vito was billed from Staten Island, New York, which is where he actually grew up.

In December 2000, the Mamalukes reunited and teamed together until March 2001, when WCW was acquired by the WWF. After the acquisition, Vito was one of the wrestlers who was lost in the shuffle, neither becoming a part of The Invasion nor taking one of the large ticket buyouts offered. He returned to the independents.

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2004)
Vito also had a brief run in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling in late-2004 with Glenn Gilbertti, Trinity and Johnny Swinger as the "New York Connection". His only feud was with "Irish" Pat Kenney, in which they exchanged victories.

Return to WWE (2005-2007)

The Full Blooded Italians and Singles competition (2005–2007)
In early 2005, Vito worked in various dark matches with Val Venis before signing a contract with WWE in June.

On the August 6, 2005 episode of Velocity, Vito made his WWE debut, where he helped Nunzio win the WWE Cruiserweight Championship from Paul London. Vito and Nunzio would then reform as The Full Blooded Italians, wrestling in various tag team matches. After a brief feud with Gregory Helms, in March 2006, Vito and Nunzio would turn heel, after Vito announced he wanted to be recognized as a "Godfather".

Beginning in May, wrestlers such as Orlando Jordan and Paul Burchill would approach Nunzio, spreading rumours that they had seen Vito in public places in various forms of cross-dress. On the June 2, 2006, episode of SmackDown!, after Nunzio was defeated by Matt Hardy, Vito, wearing a dress, came out to help Nunzio backstage. The following week on SmackDown!, after arguing about Vito's clothing choices, the two had a match against each other, where Vito defeated Nunzio. Shortly after, Nunzio joined the ECW brand, leaving Vito on SmackDown!, officially disbanding the team.

Despite him cross dressing, Vito would continue to explain that he was a straight man; as on the June 23 episode of SmackDown!, Vito asked Ashley Massaro out on a date, which she agreed to. Vito would then begin to "have more fun" during his matches, running around and waving his dresses and otherwise interacting with the fans, turning him once again face. During this time, Montel Vontavious Porter and William Regal, as well as SmackDown! color commentator John "Bradshaw" Layfield, began to voice their problems with a man wrestling in a dress. Both MVP and Regal threatened SmackDown! General Manager Theodore Long with a sexual harassment lawsuit to get out of a match with Vito. At the same time, WWE began to "censor" any incidents of Vito's dress raising and exposing his (bethonged) buttocks. Vito then began an undefeated streak, which would last over four months until the October 20 episode of SmackDown!, when Vito was defeated by Elijah Burke after interference from his partner Sylvester Terkay. On the November 3 episode of SmackDown!, Vito teamed with Layla in a losing effort against The Miz and Kristal.

On May 15, 2007, Vito was released from his WWE contract.

Deep South Wrestling (2007)
On January 25, 2007, Vito would win the Deep South Heavyweight Championship after defeating former champion Bradley Jay and Ryan O'Reilly in a three-way round robin match. After his title win, Vito would then undergo a gimmick change into a martial arts character, as he began wearing kickboxing-style trunks, a hachimaki headband, and wrestling without shoes, with Vito later explaining that the only reason he won matches was because his opponents were claiming that him wearing a dress was a distraction. Vito would briefly return in his new gimmick when he appeared as a lumberjack on the episode of WWE Heat before WrestleMania 23, in a tag team match between Carlito and Ric Flair against Chavo Guerrero and Gregory Helms. On February 22, Vito re-lost the title to Jay.

Return to the independent circuit (2009–2015)

Vito continued to travel the world; performing in the UK, France, Italy, Malta, Nepal, and Canada, as well as wrestling in the US for ISPW, ACPW, ACW, PWX, DTW, and Wrestling for a Cause in 2009, 2010, and 2011.

He has also wrestled on various tours of Europe with Irish Whip Wrestling.

February 24, 2011, He returned to defeat the Himalayan Tiger in Kathmandu, Nepal for the Golden Cine Professional Wrestling Show held at the Dasharath Stadium in front of 20,000 people, to become the first ever Profession Wrestling Champion of Nepal.
On March 1, 2011, Vito presence was requested by the US Embassy of Nepal. He was greeted and congratulated by the councilor of public affairs of US embassy to Nepal, Terry J. White and staff.

March 2, 2013 Vito made an appearance in Canada for the  ECW Hardcore Roadtrip teaming with Nunzio against Pitbull Gary Wolfe and Balls. He also faced Al Snow earlier on the card as Skull Von Krush.

August 2013 Vito opened a wrestling school in Clearwater, Fl and launched a website BigVito.com

On September 19, 2013, Vito appeared in Ring Warriors as the leader of the stable The Slambinos.

On September 18, 2013, LoGrasso's wrestling school announced a partnership with Dragon Gate USA wrestling as a farm system.
In mid-2014, Vito retired from in-ring competition.
Vito again appeared with the Ring Warriors in April 2015 as the manager of the Slambinos.

Vito returned to the ring in 2021-22 after taking care of his wife after a long illness.

Acting career
Lograsso had  a minor role as Bodo in the science fiction film The Survivor. He had a leading role in the 2014 horror thriller film The Church, alongside Clint Howard, Bill Moseley, Lisa Wilcox and Ashley C. Williams. He appears in the role of  Ricardo Lewis in the action thriller film Apnea, who works beside his acting as Stunt coordinator.

Personal life
Vito married former wrestling personality and model Noel Harlow LoGrasso on September 27, 2014. They previously worked together in the US, where she was billed as "Lil Noel" as a play on his "Big Vito" name.

Lograsso began podcasting with Vince Russo's "The Brand" on the RELM Network in July 2017. He opened up his own podcast series with his wife Noel and Russo in  August 2017.

Lograsso (alongside former WWE NXT wrestler Adam Mercer) filed a concussion lawsuit against WWE in January 2015, claiming "serious neurological damage, including severe headaches, memory loss, depression and anxiety, as well as deafness" as a result of WWE run. The lawsuit was dismissed in April.

Championships and accomplishments
Atomic Championship Wrestling
ACW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
ACW Tristate Championship (1 time)
American Championship Pro Wrestling
ACPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Big Time Wrestling
BTW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Deep South Wrestling
Deep South Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
World Wrestling Council
WWC World Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Killer
European Wrestling Promotion
Ironman Hardcore Knockout Tournament (2002)
Golden Cine Professional Wrestling
Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship of Nepal (1 time)
International Wrestling Association
IWA Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Midwest Championship Wrestling Alliance
MCWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Helmut Hessler
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 91 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2000
Pro Wrestling Xtreme
PWX World Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Francisco Ciatso
United States Extreme Wrestling
UXW United States Championship (1 time)
World Championship Wrestling
WCW Hardcore Championship (2 times) – won jointly with Johnny the Bull
WCW World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Johnny the Bull

References

External links
Big Vito LoGrasso Official site
Cagematch profile
Vito LoGrasso on WWE.com

1964 births
American male professional wrestlers
American professional wrestlers of Italian descent
Faux German professional wrestlers
Male-to-female cross-dressers
Living people
Sportspeople from Brooklyn
Sportspeople from Staten Island
Full Blooded Italians members
20th-century professional wrestlers
21st-century professional wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from New York City
WCW World Tag Team Champions

Vito LoGrasso


Adolphus Peter Elkin  (27 March 1891 – 9 July 1979) was an Anglican clergyman, an influential Australian anthropologist during the mid twentieth century and a proponent of the assimilation of Indigenous Australians.

Early life
Elkin was born at West Maitland, New South Wales. His father, Reuben Elkin, was an English Jew and worked as a salesman; his mother, Ellen Wilhelmina Bower, was a seamstress of German ancestry.  His parents were divorced in 1901, his mother died the next year and he was then brought up by his maternal grandparents as an Anglican.  He went to school at Singleton and at Maitland East Boys' High School. After finishing school he worked in banks in New South Wales, but then won a theological scholarship to St Paul's College, University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1915.

Clerical and anthropological career
Elkin was ordained deacon in 1915 and priest in 1916. From 1916 to 1919 he worked in the Anglican diocese of Newcastle and he then taught at St John's Theological College, Armidale, under Ernest Henry Burgmann.

Elkin became interested in Australian Aboriginal culture and although no anthropology was taught in Australia at the time, his master's thesis—which he completed successfully in 1922—was on this subject and he lectured on it at St John's.  In 1922 he married Sara (Sally) Thompson, an Irish nursing sister whom he had met during an influenza epidemic.  He was Rector of St John the Evangelist Church, Wollombi from 1922 and 1925 and during this period he also lectured for the University of Sydney in the Hunter Region on Aboriginal culture.

In 1925, Elkin resigned from his post at Wollombi and began studying anthropology at University College, London under Grafton Elliot Smith, where he earned a PhD in 1927. In 1927 the anthropologist Alfred Radcliffe-Brown helped Elkin to gain Rockefeller funding in order to work on Australian culture in the Kimberley, Western Australia. In 1928, he was appointed as Rector of St James' Anglican Church, Morpeth on the basis that he could continue with his anthropology. By this time St John's College had moved from Armidale to Morpeth and he also became co-editor of the college's Morpeth Review. He also became editor of Oceania from its founding in 1931 until his death.  He visited many missions in Western Australia, including the Mount Margaret Mission, part of the Australian Aborigines Mission (later United Aborigines Mission) in 1930 on behalf of the Australian National Research Council.

Elkin became an activist for the amelioration of Aboriginal Australians, whom he saw as best served by being assimilated into European society. In 1934 he successfully lobbied for the reprieve of Dhakiyarr (Tuckiar) Wirrpanda, a Yolngu man who had been sentenced to death for murder.

Professor of anthropology
Following Radcliffe-Brown's resignation from University of Sydney, Elkin was appointed lecturer-in-charge of the anthropology department in late 1932 and he was promoted to professor in December 1933. Until his retirement in 1956, he effectively dominated Australian anthropology, advised governments, trained administrators sent to Papua New Guinea, while also continuing his field research. He was president of the Association for the Protection of Native Races from 1933 to 1962. He was vice-president of the Aborigines Protection Board of New South Wales (renamed Aborigines Welfare Board in 1940).

Retirement and honours
After his retirement in 1966, Elkin was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 1966 Birthday Honours. In 1970 he received an honorary doctorate of letters from the University of Sydney.

Death
Elkin died at a meeting at the university, survived by his wife and two sons.

See also
 List of didgeridoo players

References

Academic staff of the University of Sydney
Australian anthropologists
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
1891 births
1979 deaths
People from Maitland, New South Wales
20th-century anthropologists

A. P. Elkin


Pierre Février (21 March 1696 – 5 November 1760) was a French baroque composer, organist and harpsichordist.

Biography
Born in Abbeville in 1696, he arrived in Paris in 1720 and served as titular organist of two churches on Saint-Honoré street: the Jacobins' church (destroyed at the Revolution) and  Saint-Roch (still standing). Claude-Bénigne Balbastre, who moved to Paris in 1750, was among his pupils and eventually succeeded Février at Saint-Roch. Pierre Février died in Paris on 5 November 1760.

Works
Two volumes of his harpsichord pieces are extant. The first one is dated 1734 and contains five suites:
 Suite in A major
 Allemande la Magnanime
 Le Concert des Dieux - Double du concert
 La Délectable
 Le Berceau
 La Boufonne ou la Paysanne
 Suite in D minor
 Fugue
 Courante
 Les Plaisirs des Sens
 Le Labyrinthe
 Ariette et doubles
 Suite in B minor
 Fugue
 L'Intrépide
 La Grotesque
 Suite in D major
 Gavotte et doubles
 Le Brinborion
 Le Tendre Language
 Tambourin
 Suite (Festes de Campagne) in C major
 Entrée
 Musette
 2 Menuets
 Le Gros Colas et la Grosse Jeanne
 Les Petites Bergères

The second volume, composed after 1734 and before 1737, was discovered in the late 1990s in a private collection in Belgium (Arenberg). It contains two harpsichord suites that follow a similar pattern, mixing dances and descriptive pièces de caractère in the typical late Baroque French tradition:

 1st Suite in G Minor
 Les Liens Harmoniques - Rondeau
 La Caressante - Rondeau
 La Fertillante
 La petite Coquette
 Tambourin - Rondeau
 2nd Suite in C Minor
 Allemande
 Les Tendres Tourterelles - Rondeau
 Les Croisades - Rondeau
 Menuet

See also
 French baroque harpsichordists

External links

 La Sala del Cembalo del caro Sassone Pièces de clavecin, Premier livre, 1734. The World Premiere Recording of the first book, as recorded by the harpsichordist Fernando De Luca (Rome, December 2008), is freely available in streaming on this non-profit website devoted to the ancient music and harpsichord baroque music.
 Vulcain dupé par l'amour, a cantatille available on the BnF website.

French Baroque composers
French male classical composers
French harpsichordists
French classical organists
French male organists
1696 births
1760 deaths
People from Abbeville
18th-century keyboardists
18th-century classical composers
18th-century French composers
18th-century French male musicians
Male classical organists

Pierre Février


The Herd is a South African television drama which aired on Sunday, 08 July 2018 on Mzansi Magic. Season 2 will air on 7th of April 2019 in South Africa's DStv. The drama ended with slight an abnormal plot on Sunday, 30th June 2019 after a thirteen 13-part episodes.

Plot

Season 1
The Herd first season tells a remarkable storyline about a farmer who kills his wife because of greed, love, lust and power. In 1997 a young man called Nyambose and his wife visit a witchdoctor in there area to fix there farm, everything is going wrong. When a baby is born Nyambose sacrifice his wife as told by the witch doctor and everything goes back to normal, but will it forever.

Years later, Nyambose decides to marry the witchdoctor who goes by the name of MaNgadi. MaNgadi and family are living a happy life, until Nyambose's daughter Kayise comes home with a degree from Johannesburg in Gauteng where she studied. Nyambose and MaNgadi lie to Kayise and tells her that her mother killed herself. MaNgadi decides to kill lure Nyambose to kill his daughter Kayise, but he insist.

Cruel, MaNgadi is told to kill a chicken and cook it and feed it to Kayise's father so that he can kill Kayise, while Nkosana is busy dealing with drugs. A girl kidnaps Kayise, and while they still at it they fall in love, the girl knew who killed Kayises mother and tells her. Curious Kayise doesn't believe the story. In the end MaNgadi decides to kill her son Nkosana and leaves Dumazile, who is dating her skivvy. Truth is revealed and MaNgadi is in trouble. When all is revealed, MaNgadi decides to go public with her black magic. The door is closed and she uses her powers to get out of tge burning house. While she celebrate with champagne, it is found that Kayise is not yet dead. The family decide to confront MaNgadi, but a group of white men from a business called WM Capital decide to take her with.

Season 2
MaNgadi doesn't want to be a witch anymore. Kayise becomes the leader of the Mthethwa family, but they don't know what awaits them, and her position is threatened. Primary school teacher, Ayanda Bhengu is not as innocent as she seems. It is found that the farm is not Nyambose's, it belongs to the brother Smangaliso. Smanga tries to get rid of Kayise. All his plans fail, It is found that Kayise is dating Lunga's wife - and its not the first, Kayise also dated Lwandle

Reception
The Herd received 4,3 million views in September 2018. But in later weeks it dropped by 1,2million views.

Cast
 Sello Maake ka-Ncube as Beki Nyambose
 Sihle Ndaba as Kayise
 Winnie Ntshaba as MaNgadi
 Cindy Mahlangu as Dumazile
 Paballo Mavundla as Nkosana
 Tiietiso Thoka as Dingane
 Sparky Xulu as Muzi
 Enhle Mbali Maphumulo as Ayanda
 Nomsa Nene as Mam'Zobe
 Bheki Sibiya as Smangeliso
 Nqobile Khumalo

References

2018 television series debuts
2010s drama television series
South African culture

The Herd (South African series)


Dahigaon Korhale is a village in Rahata taluka of Ahmednagar district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located near Rahata city.

Population
As per 2011 census, population of village is 2077, of which 1096 are males and 981 are females.

Transport

Road
Dahigaon Korhale is connected to nearby villages by village roads. Ahmednagar-Manmad State highway passes near from village.

Rail
Shirdi Railway Station is nearest railway station to a village.

Air
Shirdi Airport is located at distance of 9 km from a village.

See also
List of villages in Rahata taluka

References

Villages in Ahmednagar district

Dahigaon Korhale


Joaquín Susvielles (born 28 February 1991) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Belgrano.

Career
Atlético Santa Rosa were Susvielles' first club, which preceded the forward appearing for Alvear FC during the 2011–12 Torneo Argentino B season and playing thirteen times. Fellow fourth tier outfit Villa Mitre signed Susvielles in 2012. He remained for two years, scoring twenty-eight goals in fifty fixtures. On 30 June 2014, Susvielles joined Olimpo of the Argentine Primera División. He made his debut in a 1–1 tie with Racing Club on 25 October, which was the first of five appearances for Olimpo. Primera B Nacional's Guillermo Brown loaned Susvielles in 2015. Two goals in twenty-eight matches followed.

In January 2016, Susvielles completed a move to Ferro Carril Oeste (GP). He scored his first goals for them on 27 March 2016, notching a brace during a Torneo Federal A victory away to Alvarado. He scored two further goals, including another versus Alvarado and one against Unión Aconquija, in fifteen games as Ferro Carril Oeste were knockout out the play-offs by the aforementioned Unión Aconquija. Susvielles again departed Olimpo in July 2016, signing on loan for Alvarado in Torneo Federal A. He went on to score six goals across 2016–17, before being signed permanently for 2017–18 by Alvarado.

Susvielles joined Almagro on 30 June 2018. He scored on debut in a Copa Argentina win over Cipolletti, which preceded him netting Primera B Nacional goals against Deportivo Morón, Quilmes, Platense, Santamarina, Mitre (2) and Gimnasia y Esgrima. July 2019 saw Susvielles complete a move to Platense. He netted on his first home appearance versus Estudiantes on 25 August, on the way to a total of eight goals in two seasons with the club; including their promotion winning campaign of 2020. Susvielles wouldn't feature in the Primera División as he headed abroad to join Ecuadorian Serie A side Delfín. In January 2022, Susvielles joined Primera Nacional side Belgrano to fight for the club's promotion to the Liga Profesional de Fútbol.

Career statistics
.

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
People from Santa Rosa, La Pampa
Footballers from La Pampa Province
Argentine men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Ecuador
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Ecuador
Torneo Argentino B players
Argentine Primera División players
Primera Nacional players
Torneo Federal A players
Ecuadorian Serie A players
Atlético Santa Rosa players
Club Villa Mitre footballers
Club Olimpo footballers
Guillermo Brown de Puerto Madryn footballers
Club Atlético Alvarado players
Club Almagro players
Club Atlético Platense footballers
Delfín S.C. footballers
Club Atlético Belgrano footballers

Joaquín Susvielles


Walk Like a Man is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Melvin Frank and starring Howie Mandel, Christopher Lloyd, Amy Steel, and Cloris Leachman. The plot concerns a young man who finally returns to his high-society family after having been raised by wolves.   It was released to theaters on April 17, 1987.

Plot
Henry Shand goes to Alaska to search for gold and find his fortune. While there, his spoiled brat of a son, Reggie, gets mad that he has to work for money. What further angers him is the fact that he has to share the dogsled with his two-year-old brother Robert, nicknamed "Bobo". Reggie decides to take matters into his own hands and pushes the toddler off the sled, leaving him to die in the wintery Klondike wilderness.

Some twenty years later, Henry has died, giving Reggie a large inheritance of thirty million dollars. Reggie foolishly spends it within a year, causing his new bride, Rhonda, to become an angry alcoholic, as they have gone broke and had to move back in with Reggie's mother, Margaret. Margaret has gone insane since Bobo's disappearance and Henry's death, and has now spent much of the family's fortune on buying homes for stray cats.

Meanwhile, a biologist named Penny arrives from Alaska, claiming to have found Bobo alive and well. They discover that Bobo has been raised by timber wolves, causing him to sniff everyone's butts, greet people by licking their faces, run on all fours, eat with his mouth rather than using flatware, growl and bark, chew on shoes, and run through fresh cement while chasing cats or fire trucks.

Reggie decides to manipulate Bobo into signing over his inheritance to him to pay off gambling debts. Reggie tells Penny that she can use Bobo for wolf research, but first must teach him to walk, talk, read, and, of course, write. Penny gives Bobo a shave and a haircut, but getting him to act like a human proves to be a difficult task, and Bobo continues to unknowingly cause problems. Things get even worse when Bobo goes out in public, wreaking havoc in a shopping mall by going into dressing rooms, unwittingly trying on clothes and walking out of stores with them.

As Bobo behaves more like a person than a dog, Penny begins to fall in love with him. Reggie wants her to speed up the training of his savage sibling, as the people he owes money to want their cash quickly. In court, Penny stands up for Bobo, having discovered Reggie's scheme. Bobo refuses to sign, and Reggie frantically engages in canine behavior—growling, barking, chewing on a squeaky toy—in an attempt to demonstrate how Bobo was acting, making him look asinine to the judge, who dismisses the case. Bobo and Penny go outside and kiss, but Bobo stops to chase a fire engine.

Cast
Howie Mandel as Robert "Bobo" Shand
Christopher Lloyd as Henry Shand (in a flashback)/Reggie Shand
Cloris Leachman as Margaret Shand
Colleen Camp as Rhonda Shand
Amy Steel as Penny
Stephen Elliott as Walter Welmont
George DiCenzo as Bob (Bub) Downs
John McLiam as H.P. Truman
Earl Boen as Jack Mollins
Howard Platt as Fred Land
Millie Slavin as Essie Welmont
William Bogert as A.J. (Al) Brown
Isabel Cooley as Judge / Bystander
Asa Lorre as Bobby Shand (Bobo as a boy)
Jeremy Gosch as Young Reggie
Phil Baron as Teddy Ruxpin

Production
The wolves in this film were uncreditedly trained by employees of Steve Earl Martin's Frazier Park, California-based cinematic and television animal sanctuary Working Wildlife. This film was an independent film, one of the first to be produced by Mandel. To this day, the budget is unknown. However, the film was also a box office bomb, grossing $460,608 at the box office.

Home video
The film was released on VHS in late 1987, and on DVD on March 2, 2004.

References

External links

1987 films
American comedy films
1987 comedy films
1980s English-language films
Films directed by Melvin Frank
Films scored by Lee Holdridge
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
1980s American films
English-language comedy films

Walk Like a Man (1987 film)


Perilous Realms: Celtic and Norse in Tolkien's Middle-earth is a 2005 scholarly book about the origins of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth, and the nature of his characterisation, by the scholar of literature Marjorie Burns. Some of the chapters discuss "Celtic" and "Norse" influence on Tolkien's writing, while others explore literary themes. The book won a Mythopoeic Award for Inklings' Studies in 2008.

Reviewers have praised the book for helping to balance out earlier work on Middle-earth's Norse origins, for the way it shows the importance of "Celtic"-style crossings of rivers or gateways into Elvish and other realms, and for showing the fantasy author and Arts and Crafts advocate William Morris's influence on The Hobbit. Scholars have been less sure about the book's use of the shifting terms "Celtic" and "Norse", which are no longer used as they were in Tolkien's time.

Publication history

Perilous Realms was published in paperback by the University of Toronto Press in 2005. They brought out a second edition in 2015.

Synopsis

Marjorie Burns introduces the book with a chapter on "Two Norths", meaning the "Celtic" and the "Norse", noting the history of the idealised "North" with the Romantic movement. She looks at the skin-changer Beorn, one of several loner characters "on the side of good but who carry an aura of risk", tracing him to Sir Gawain and the Green Knight as well as to Beowulf. She comments that Tolkien is often more subtle than people think, offering "contrasting viewpoints" rather than a simple good-versus-evil story. The chapter on "Bridges, Gates, and Doors" examines the "Celtic" otherworld's influence, with crossings of rivers or other gateways (such as into the Barrow-wight's ancient abode) marking the descent into strange and Elvish realms. Burns then explores the influence of William Morris on Tolkien, proposing that his Icelandic Journals may have suggested the character of Bilbo Baggins.

Returning to the theme of more complex characters with both good and bad sides, Burns notes in passing the pairing of Frodo with Gollum, or Théoden with Denethor. She suggests that Gandalf is an Odinic figure, taking on some of the attributes of that undependable Norse god, such as wandering in disguise as "an old man in a battered hat", while Galadriel borrows from "an impressive collection of influential [Celtic] figures" including the mother goddess Dana; the fertility goddess Rhiannon; and the battlefield goddesses like the Morrígan. She discusses, too, Galadriel's enchantress role, and compares her to the powerful Melian in The Silmarillion. Burns then looks at the apparently few women in Middle-earth; Burns notes that women may seem distant, but that both Elves and Hobbits "exhibit traits that are typically thought feminine", whether at "ethereal" or "earthly" levels, and his "most admirable males" have a softer side, whereas the "least desirable species" like Trolls and Orcs are "brutally male (and excessively Norse as well)".

Burns discusses food as an aspect of character, writing that the Elves have a delicate vegetarian diet whereas Orc food is quite the opposite. Further, The Hobbit indicates Bilbo's fear of being eaten, and with his home Bag End's multiple kitchens, dining rooms, and pantries, his fear of not having enough to eat. She writes that he faces the risk of becoming a meal for, in turn "trolls, goblins, and Gollum; wolves, spiders, and Smaug, each of them mightily hungry". She looks, too, at the consuming emptiness of the monstrous figures in The Lord of the Rings, naming "Lobelia [Sackville-Baggins], Gollum, Wormtongue, Saruman, Denethor", Shelob, and the Dark Lord Sauron's "lonely, raging emptiness".

Awards

The book won a Mythopoeic Award in Inklings Studies in 2008.

Reception

C. W. Sullivan III, reviewing Perilous Realms for the Journal of Folklore Research, found it both praiseworthy and problematic. He liked Burns's discussion of the English prejudice against the Celts, and of Tolkien's dislike of frivolous post-Shakespeare fairies. He noted that many of the chapters were published as separate papers, so there was some repetition. He commented that she had failed to note the Celtic origin of Sir Gawain: the Irish Bricriu's Feast describes a beheading challenge much like that of Sir Gawain. He wondered, too, why the chapter on eating and devouring barely mentioned Celtic or Norse, when there were "certainly important scenes of feasting and devouring, selfishness and selflessness" in those traditions' stories. "But she had written a "valuable window into Tolkien's sources" and the way he blended "Celtic enchantment and Norse vitality", and the book was accessible to scholars and the public alike.

Kathryn Stelmach, reviewing the book for Comitatus, found Burns's exploration of Norse "more compelling" than her "overly simplified" approach to the "Celtic" identity and the use of unreliable sources. Stelmach writes that both "Celtic" and "Norse" have a "complicated and shifting nexus ... of identity", and that Burns's introductory chapter gives the reader an impression of the two identities based more on language than on culture. Stelmach is happier with the "Norse" discussion, such as of Gandalf's Norse counterpart, Odin, as it is based on Tom Shippey's "solid grounding", while the analysis of the influence of the Icelandic Journals of William Morris on The Hobbit offers "rare insights".

The folklorist Dimitra Fimi, in Tolkien Studies, writes that the book is mainly a collection of revised papers, with two new chapters, and that the focus is on Tolkien's created characters rather than the source analysis that its title might suggest. She finds Burns's introductory account of history "sometimes simplified" but a useful overview of the contested terms "Celtic" and "Teutonic" at Tolkien's time. She finds convincing Burns's argument that the "water barriers, the timelessness and the underground connotations of many Elvish realms in Middle-earth, such as Rivendell, Mirkwood and Lothlórien, come from ideas of the Celtic otherworld." She praises, too, the linking of William Morris to The Hobbit, writing that this "gave it much of its 'Northern' atmosphere." The two additional chapters, on male/female balance and on food, she finds somewhat out of place in the book, not least because they don't mention "Celtic or Norse sources or parallels". In sum, Fimi finds the book "thought-provoking and well researched", adding a "Celtic" balance to the mainly Norse emphasis of earlier scholars. She praises the analysis of Tolkien's characters and the book's freedom from "'defending' Tolkien". Fimi suggests that Burns had intended the book for the public rather than scholars as she uses "accessible language" and avoids the scholarly debate over "Celticity", preferring to use the terms of Tolkien's time.

Faye Ringel, reviewing the book in Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, calls it "a valuable, beautifully crafted addition to the study of Tolkien's sources and influences", with the proviso that people suspicious of any appearance of ideology in high fantasy may not agree with her discussion of gender and race. She comments that Burns responds indirectly to such critics by providing evidence in favour of Tolkien's approach, such as by presenting his own "complexity through double attitudes". She suggests that the book may serve as a "counterweight" to the popular and "nonce" books that appeared alongside Peter Jackson's films.

References

Sources

2005 non-fiction books
Tolkien studies

Perilous Realms


Siddique (born 1 October 1959) is an Indian actor and producer, who works mainly in Malayalam cinema. Along with appearing in over 350 Malayalam films, he has also acted in Tamil, Telugu and Hindi language films. He is known for having played a wide range of starring and supporting roles, including comic characters, romantic leads, anti-heroes and villains.

Siddique made his acting debut with the film Aa Neram Alppa Dooram (1985). He got a break with the comedy film In Harihar Nagar (1990). Due to its success, He acted in a variety of comic roles during the early-1990s in films such as Godfather, Manthrikacheppu, Simhavalan Menon, Kasargode Khadarbhai, Thiruthalvaadi, Mughamudra, Kunukkitta Kozhi, and Welcome to Kodaikanal. Siddique turned to more serious roles with Asuravamsam and Lelam. He also did a notable villain role in Sathyameva Jayathe (2001), which led to a succession of similar roles.

In 2004, he was awarded the Kerala State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Sasneham Sumitra and Choonda. Siddique ventured into production by co-producing the film Nandanam (2002) under Bhavana Cinema. In 2013, he received the Nandi Special Jury Award for Naa Bangaaru Talli.

Personal life
Siddique was born on 1 October 1959 at Edavanakkad, in Ernakulam, Kerala, India. He was the youngest child in a family of three with an elder brother and a sister. He did his primary schooling in his hometown, Edavanakkad and completed a Diploma in Electrical Engineering from Government Polytechnic College, Kalamassery.

He then worked as an Electrical Engineer at Kerala State Electricity Board division at Thrissur, Kerala. After a few years of service at KSEB, he flew abroad to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and worked there for a few more years.

His elder brother Abdul Majeed is also an actor who appears in Malayalam films.

Career
Siddique started his career in the late 1980s with minor roles. His major break came in 1990 when, along with Mukesh, Jagadeesh, and Asokan, he was cast as one of the heroes in In Harihar Nagar. The movie, directed by Siddique and Lal, went on to become a huge box office success, starting a streak of similar low-budget comedy movies featuring the cast. Siddique became an essential part of such movies along with Mukesh and Jagadeesh. Films in the genre included Manthrikacheppu (1992), Simhavalan Menon (1995), Kasargode Khadarbhai (1992), Thiruthalvaadi (1992), Mughamudra (1992), Kunukkitta Kozhi (1992), Mookkillarajyathu (1991), Mimics Parade (1991), Grihapravesam, Welcome to Kodaikanal (1992), Kavadiyattam (1993), Kaattile Thadi Thevarude Ana (1995), Marupuram (1990), Varaphalam (1994), Mukha Chithram (1991) and Kinnaripuzhayoram (1994). He was cast alongside leading actresses of the time like Parvathy, Shobana, Sunitha, Mathu, and Suchithra. His performance in Godfather by Siddique-Lal was positively received by Malayalam movie viewers. Siddique also did action roles in some films. For example, there is the case of Ayalathe Adheham, where he was actually the villain only to be revealed at the climax of the movie. In Ekalavyan he played the role of Sarath, a young police officer, supporting Suresh Gopi.

His talent lies in how an actor should keep reinventing to be in Malayalam movie biz - learning from his experience and mistakes. His career curve shows a good inclination towards adapting to a variety roles - comedy, villain, character roles and so on. He is one among the artists who rose from junior artist level to a major actor with his talent and hard work.

1990s
The mid-1990s did not go well for Siddique as a number of personal problems affected his career. He made a comeback in the late 1990s with supporting roles in Asuravamsam with Manoj K. Jayan, and in Lelam and Crime File (both with Suresh Gopi). These films ensured his return to the mainstream. In Sathyameva Jayathe, he played a cold-blooded villain with Suresh Gopi. Following the success of this film, Siddique was offered a number of opportunities to play villains.

During this period, he also acted in television serials. His role in Sthree with Vinaya Prasad was a huge hit among Malayalam television audiences. He also anchored a musical programme called Sallapam on Doordarshan. Siddique has also anchored other musical programmes including Sangeetha Samagamam in Amrita TV and Symphony in Kairali TV, in the 2000s.

2000s
In 2002, he produced Nandanam, directed by Ranjith. The movie featured young actors Prithviraj Sukumaran and Navya Nair. Siddique appeared in a small but completely different role in the film. This was a box-office hit despite the absence of major stars.

Siddique started appearing in a number of different looks in his later films. This can be seen in films such as Chota Mumbai, Hallo, Nadiya Kollappetta Rathri, Udayon, Vellinakshatram, The Tiger, and Alibhai.

He encouraged director Lal to create the sequel to In Harihar Nagar. The movie 2 Harihar Nagar was released in 2009 with the middle-aged actors Jagadeesh, Mukesh, and Asokan coming together.  Again in 2010, he appeared in the series' third installment, In Ghost House Inn.

In April 2011, Siddique launched Kerala's first family magazine Family Facebook. Siddique is the editor of the monthly magazine that is rich with stories of the players in the Malayalam film industry – actors, directors, playback singers and others.

Awards

Other Awards
2008: Kairali World Malayalee Council Malayalam Film Award for Best Villain (Twenty:20, Madambi)
2009: Asiavision Annual Television Award Dubai for Best Musical Programme Presenter (Sangeetha Sangamam, Amritha TV)
2012: Naval Base Kerala Library Singalore's "Simhapuri Award" for the contribution to the Art and Culture

Filmography

As an actor
More than 350 films

Malayalam

Other languages

As voice actor

Producer
 Bada Dosth (2006)
 Nandanam (2002)

Television
TV shows as host
 Sallapam (Doordarshan)
 Samagamam (Amrita TV)
 Sangeetha Samagamam (Amrita TV)
 Symphony (Kairali TV)
Pachakuthira (Kairali TV)
TV serials as actor
 Sthree (Asianet)
 Venalkkalam (Asianet)
 Chila Kudumba chitrangal (Kairali TV)
 Black and White (Asianet)
 Vava (Surya TV)
 Innale (Asianet)
Sindhooram (Asianet)
 Samasya ( DD Malayalam)
 Annu Mazhayayirunu (Amrita TV)
Nokketha Doorathu (Asianet)
 Sthree (part-2) (Asianet)

References

External links

 Siddique at MSI
 Siddique : Filmography by year
 An interview with Siddique (in Malayalam)
 Siddique 's movies in Malayalam Movies
 Simhapuri Award for Siddique

1959 births
Living people
20th-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian male actors
Film producers from Kochi
Indian male film actors
Indian male television actors
Kerala State Film Award winners
Malayalam film producers
Male actors from Kochi
Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Male actors in Malayalam television

Siddique (actor)


The Lucknow Pact was an agreement reached between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League (AIML) at a joint session of both the parties held in Lucknow in December 1916. Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow representation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures. The Muslim League leaders agreed to join the Congress movement demanding Indian autonomy. Scholars cite this as an example of a consociational practice in Indian politics. Bal Gangadhar Tilak represented the Congress while framing the deal, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah (who joined the Muslim League in 1913) participated in this event.

Background
The British had announced under immense pressure from Indian masses, in order to satisfy the Indians, that they will be considering a series of proposal that would lead to at least half of the members of the Executive Council being elected and the Legislative Council having a majority of elected members needed. Both the Congress and the Muslim League supported these. Both had realized that for further concessions to be gained, greater cooperation was required.

Agreements by the Congress
The Congress agreed to separate electorates for Muslims in electing representatives to the Imperial and Provincial Legislative Councils. Although the Muslims were given this right in the Indian Council Act of 1909, the Indian National Congress opposed it. The Congress also agreed to the idea of one-third seats for the Muslims in the Councils despite the fact that the Muslim population represented less than a third. Apart from that, the Congress agreed that no act affecting a community should be passed unless three-quarters of that community's members on the council supported it. After the signing of this pact the rivalry between moderates and extremists was reduced to some extent. There was a significant change in their relation.

Demands presented to the British
Both parties presented some common demands to the British. They demanded:
 The number of elected seats on the councils should be increased.
 Laws/Motions which were passed by large majorities in the councils should be accepted as bindings by the British Government.
 Minorities in the provinces should be protected.
 All provinces should be granted autonomy.
 Separating the executive from the judiciary
 At least half of the members of the Executive Council being elected, the Legislative council having a majority of elected members

Importance
The Lucknow Pact was seen as a beacon of hope to Hindu–Muslim unity. It was the first time that the Hindus and Muslims had made a joint demand for political reform to the British. It led to a growing belief in British India that Home Rule (self-government) was a real possibility. The pact also marked the high-water mark of Hindu-Muslim unity. It established cordial relations between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress. Before the pact, both parties were viewed as rivals who opposed each other and worked in their own interests. However, the pact brought a change in that view.

The Lucknow Pact also helped in establishing cordial relations between the two prominent groups within the Indian National Congress – the 'extremist' faction led by the Lal Bal Pal trio (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal), and the 'moderate' faction led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale until his death in 1915 and later represented by Gandhi. Though Jinnah advocated a separate nation for the Muslims 20 years later, in 1916 he was a member of both Congress and Muslim League, was an associate of Tilak, and hailed as 'ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity'.

See also
Poona Pact
Reservation in India

References

Indian independence movement
Pakistan Movement
1916 documents

Lucknow Pact


Tricare (styled TRICARE) is a health care program of the United States Department of Defense Military Health System. Tricare provides civilian health benefits for U.S Armed Forces military personnel, military retirees, and their dependents, including some members of the Reserve Component. Tricare is the civilian care component of the Military Health System, although historically it also included health care delivered in military medical treatment facilities. Tricare functions similar to a single-payer healthcare system.

The Tricare program is managed by the Defense Health Agency. Before 1 October 2013, it was managed by the Tricare Management Activity under the authority of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). On that date, it was disestablished and Tricare responsibility was transferred to the newly established Defense Health Agency.

The Department of Defense operates a health care delivery system served approximately 9.4 million beneficiaries in 2018. The Department of Defense's unified medical program represents $50.6 billion or 8% of total FY2019 U.S. military spending. With the exception of active duty service members (who are assigned to the Tricare Prime option and pay no out-of-pocket costs for Tricare coverage), Military Health System beneficiaries may have a choice of Tricare plan options depending upon their status (e.g., active duty family member, retiree, reservist, child under age 26 ineligible for family coverage, Medicare-eligible, etc.) and geographic location.

History
Historically, health care for military personnel and their dependents was provided in military medical facilities as promised by the military, and through a referral system, by civilian medical personnel where military physicians were not available in a certain specialty, or when and where overcrowding of a military medical facility occurred.

Active duty military personnel always have priority for care in military medical facilities.  After World War II and the Korean War, especially with the growth in the standing forces of the U.S. military due to the Cold War, access to care in military facilities became increasingly unavailable for military retirees and the dependents of both active duty and retired military personnel due to resource constraints and growing demands on the system.  It was at this time that the concept of "space-available basis" for military retirees and military dependents was first noted. To address this problem, Congress passed the Dependents Medical Care Act of 1956 and the Military Medical Benefits Amendments of 1966. These acts allowed the Secretary of Defense to contract with civilian health care providers. This civilian health care program became known as the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS) in 1966.

In the late 1980s, because of escalating costs, paperwork demands, and general beneficiary dissatisfaction, DoD initiated a series of demonstration projects. Under a program known as the CHAMPUS Reform Initiative, a contractor provided both health care and administrative-related services, including claims processing. The Tricare Reserve Retired project was one of the first to introduce managed care features to the CHAMPUS program. Beneficiaries were offered three choices – a health maintenance organization-like option called Tricare (CHAMPUS) Prime that required enrollment and offered enhanced benefits and low-cost shares, a preferred provider organization-like option called Tricare (CHAMPUS) Extra that required use of network providers in exchange for lower cost shares, and the standard CHAMPUS option that continued the freedom of choice in selecting providers but required higher cost shares and deductibles known as Tricare Standard.

Although DOD's initial intent under the CHAMPUS Reform Initiative was to award three competitively bid contracts covering six states, only one bid, made by Foundation Health Corporation (now Health Net) covering California and Hawaii, was received. Foundation delivered services under this contract between August 1988 and January 1994.

In late 1993, in response to requirements in the DOD Appropriation Act for Fiscal Year 1994, the DoD announced plans for implementing a nationwide managed care program for the MHS that would be completely implemented by May 1997. Under this program, known as Tricare, the United States was divided into 12 health care regions. An administrative organization, the lead agent, was designated for each region and coordinated the health care needs of all military treatment facilities in the region. Under Tricare, seven managed care support contracts were awarded covering DOD's 12 health care regions.

Since then, Tricare has undergone several restructuring initiatives, including re-alignment of contract regions, Base Realignment and Closure, and the addition of "Tricare for Life" benefits in 2001 for those who are Medicare-eligible, and "Tricare Reserve Select" in 2005.

Tricare's options

Enrollment-based Health Plans

Tricare Select
Tricare Select provides a similar benefit to the original CHAMPUS program and is available to dependents Active Duty personnel,  retirees from the Active Component, retirees from the Reserve Component age 60 or older, and their eligible family members.

Tricare Select is also available to reservists and their family under the Tricare Reserve Select Component. Under Tricare Select, beneficiaries can use any civilian health care provider that is payable under Tricare regulations. The beneficiary is responsible for payment of an annual deductible and coinsurance, and may be responsible for certain other out-of-pocket expenses. There were no enrollment fees for Tricare Select prior to 2021.

As of January 1, 2021 The fees are:
for individuals: $12.50 per month or $150 a year
for families: $25 per month or $300 per year

Tricare Prime
Tricare Prime is a health maintenance organization (HMO) style plan available to active duty personnel, retirees from the Active Component, retirees from the Reserve Component age 60 or older, and their eligible family members. Under Tricare Prime, beneficiaries must choose a primary care physician and obtain referrals and authorizations for specialty care. In return for these restrictions, beneficiaries are responsible only for small copayments for each visit (retirees and their families only). There is an annual enrollment fee for Tricare Prime for military retirees and their family members. There is no enrollment fee for active duty military and their family members. The majority of Tricare PRIME enrollees must exclusively use the MTF (Military Treatment Facility) to receive their care, as long as the MTF has capacity. If the MTF does not have capacity, the commander of the MTF notifies the region's contractor and the contractor's provider network is used to supplement the MTF's capacity. If the MTF regains capacity, the MTF reserves the right to move the beneficiaries back to receiving their care at the MTF in a process known as "recapture."

US Family Health Plan
US Family Health Plan, a Tricare Prime-sponsored health plan option, is made available by nonprofit health care providers in the Northeast U.S., Southeast Texas/Southwest Louisiana, and the Puget Sound region of Washington state.

Premium-based Health Plans

Tricare Reserve Select
Tricare Reserve Select is a premium-based health plan that active status qualified National Guard and Reserve members may purchase. The classification is sometimes referred to as Tricare Reserve Component (RC). It requires a monthly premium and offers coverage similar to Tricare Standard and Extra for the military member and eligible family members. It has a partial premium cost sharing arrangement with DoD similar to civilian private or public sector employer plans, although typically at a lower cost than civilian plans. The program coverage is available worldwide to Selected Reserve (SELRES) members of both the Title 10 USC Federal Reserve Components (Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Air Force Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve), Title 14 USC Federal Reserve Component (Coast Guard Reserve) and the Title 32 National Guard (Army National Guard and Air National Guard) in a drill pay (also known as "paid") status. As of February 2008, retired Reserve Component personnel under the age of 60, actively drilling Individual Ready Reserve personnel in a non-paid status, or actively drilling Volunteer Training Unit personnel in a non-paid status do not qualify for Tricare Reserve Select. Individual Ready Reserve and Volunteer Training Unit members are eligible for reinstatement under Tricare Reserve Select is they return to a SELRES status. Reserve Component personnel who are also Federal civil servants (to include Army Reserve Technicians and Air Reserve Technicians in the Army Reserve, Army National Guard, Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard) and eligible for the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program (FEHBP) are also excluded from Tricare Reserve Select. Retired Reserve Component personnel and eligible dependent family members become eligible Tricare Standard, Tricare Extra or Tricare Prime on the service member's 60th birthday in the same manner as Active Component retirees and their eligible dependents are eligible immediately upon retirement from active service. Qualification questions should be referred to Tricare.

Tricare Reserve Retired
Tricare Reserve Retired is a premium-based health plan that qualified retired members of the National Guard and Reserve under the age of 60 may purchase for themselves and eligible family members. Established in 2008 and opened for enrollment in 2010, it is similar to Tricare Reserve Select, but differs in that there is no premium cost-sharing with DoD as there is with Tricare Reserve Select. As such, retired Reserve Component members who elect to purchase Tricare Reserve Retired must pay the full cost (100%) of the calculated premium plus an additional administrative fee. Payments could range as high as $900.00 a month. Although open to all eligible retired Reserve Component personnel under the age of 60, the program's principal focus is often perceived as being focused on recent Reserve Component retirees who are self-employed or otherwise ineligible for civilian employer provided/subsidized health insurance, especially those who were mobilized for full-time active duty service subsequent to 11 September 2001 in support of Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, New Dawn and/or Noble Eagle. Retired Reserve Component personnel who elect to participate in Tricare Reserve Retired exit when the service member reaches age 60 and he/she and their eligible dependent family members become eligible for the same Tricare Standard, Tricare Extra or Tricare Prime options as Active Component retirees and, in the case of Tricare Prime, at the same cost as Active Component retirees. Qualification questions should be referred to Tricare.

Tricare Young Adult
Tricare Young Adult (TYA) is a premium-based health care plan available for purchase by qualified dependents who have aged out of Tricare at age 21, or age 23 for full-time college students. Dependents are eligible if they are unmarried, not eligible for either Tricare coverage or their own employer-sponsored health care coverage, and their sponsor is Tricare eligible.

Medicare-wraparound Coverage

Tricare for Life
Tricare for Life was first incorporated as part of the then-seven regional Managed Care Support Contracts of Tricare in May 2001. The benefit was enacted by Congress in response to growing complaints from beneficiaries that as Medicare out of pocket costs increased a benefit was needed to pay these costs in lieu of Tricare retirees being required to purchase Medicare Supplemental Coverage to pay for prescriptions, physician and hospital dispensed drugs, cost shares and deductibles. Before Tricare for Life, Tricare beneficiaries immediately lost Tricare coverage upon attaining Medicare eligibility at age 65, placing them at the same level of coverage as U.S. citizens who had never served full 20 to 30-plus year careers in the armed forces. This included becoming Medicare eligible due to disability.

Tricare for Life is designed to pay patient liability after Medicare payments. There is no enrollment necessary for Tricare for Life and to be eligible, members must be Tricare and Medicare Eligible and have purchased Medicare Part B coverage. An exception to the requirement for Part B coverage exists when the beneficiary that is Medicare eligible is the spouse of an Active Duty Service Member. In some instances Tricare for Life is primary payer when the services are normally a Tricare benefit but not covered by Medicare. This includes drug charges, when Medicare benefit limits are attained and services performed outside the United States or in a Veterans Affairs facility where Medicare does not pay. Tricare for Life does not pay patient liability for services that are not a Tricare benefit even though they may be paid by Medicare, such as chiropractic benefits. The policy limitations applying to Tricare also apply to Tricare for Life and must therefore be deemed medically necessary and skilled care. Custodial care therefore is not covered. In 2004 the Tricare for Life benefit was transferred from the individual regional Tricare contractors. Medical claims are processed by the national Tricare Dual Eligible Fiscal Intermediary Contractor. Pharmacy claims are processed by the Tricare Pharmacy Contractor (Express Scripts) and Overseas Tricare for Life claims are processed by the Tricare Overseas Program Contractor (as of September 2010 this will be International SOS using Wisconsin Physicians Service as their Fiscal Intermediary partner).

The signing of the National Defense Authorization Act in January 2011 aligned Tricare with the provisions of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and led to the creation of TYA. Enrollment began on 1 May 2011.

Program administration
The ultimate responsible organization for administration of Tricare is the U.S. Department of Defense Military Health System, which organized the Tricare Management Activity. The Tricare Management Activity contracts with several large health insurance corporations to provide claims processing, customer service and other administrative functions to the Tricare program.

Basic structure
Currently, there are three regional Managed Care Support Contractors, a Medicare/Tricare Dual Eligible Fiscal Intermediary Contractor, and a Tricare Pharmacy contractor, who administers both Mail Order Pharmacy and Retail Pharmacy programs. In addition several administrative contractors provide quality management, auditing, and statistical services.

Dental insurance
Tricare Management Activity contracts and administers dental programs.
 United Concordia Dental – as Tricare Dental Program
 Delta Dental – as Tricare Retiree Dental Program

Health insurance
In 2004, Tricare Management Activity re-aligned the previous twelve regions into three large regions, known as Tricare North, Tricare South, and Tricare West. Services in these regions are provided by:
 North – Health Net Federal Services, LLC The North Region includes Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin and portions of Iowa (Rock Island Arsenal area), Missouri (St. Louis area) and Tennessee (Ft. Campbell area).
 South – Humana Military Healthcare Services, Inc. The South Region includes Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee (excluding the Ft. Campbell area) and Texas (excluding the El Paso area).
 West – United Healthcare The West Region includes Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa (excluding Rock Island Arsenal area), Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri (except the St. Louis area), Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas (the southwestern corner, including El Paso), Utah, Washington and Wyoming. If you have Tricare insurance, and you or your loved one needs treatment for alcohol or drug abuse, you are eligible for coverage at a wide range of treatment programs.

All medical claims are processed ("adjudicated") by the following claims processing sub-contractors:
 North, South and West – PGBA, LLC (a subsidiary of BlueCross BlueShield of South Carolina)
 Tricare Overseas claims and Tricare for Life – Wisconsin Physicians Service Insurance Corporation

In 2009, the Tricare Overseas Program contract consolidated the following:
 Overseas enrollment
 Tricare Overseas claims processing
 Three area Tricare Service Center contracts
 Tricare Global Remote Overseas
 Tricare Puerto Rico Prime

In October 2009 International SOS Assistance, Inc. was awarded the contract to provide comprehensive health care support services to the Department of Defense Tricare Overseas Program.

Effective January 1, 2018 the Tricare regions were consolidated into two large regions, Tricare East and Tricare West. Services in these regions are provided by:
 East – Humana Military Healthcare Services, Inc. The East Region includes Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin and portions of Iowa (Rock Island Arsenal area), Missouri (St. Louis area) and Texas (excluding the El Paso area)..
 West – Health Net Federal Services, LLC  The West Region includes Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa (excluding Rock Island Arsenal area), Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri (except the St. Louis area), Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas (the southwestern corner, including El Paso), Utah, Washington and Wyoming.

See also
 US Family Health Plan
 Health insurance in the United States

References

External links

Military medicine in the United States
United States Department of Defense
1956 establishments in the United States

Tricare


Weilite (CaHAsO4) is a rare arsenate mineral. It is a translucent white triclinic mineral with a waxy luster.

It was first described in 1963 for occurrences in Gabe Gottes Mine, Haut-Rhin, Alsace, France; Wittichen, Schenkenzell, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; and the Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany. It is named after French mineralogist René Weil of the University of Strasbourg. It occurs in the oxidized zone of arsenic-bearing hydrothermal veins. It occurs as an alteration product of pharmacolite and haidingerite.

References

Arsenate minerals
Calcium minerals
Triclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 2

Weilite