Matthew Thomas Rehwoldt (born October 7, 1987) is an American color commentator and retired professional wrestler who currently serves as a color commentator for Impact Wrestling. He is previously known for his time in WWE, where he performed under the ring name Aiden English.

Rehwoldt debuted on the independent circuit in 2011 as Matt Marquee. The following year, he signed a development contract with WWE in 2012 and was assigned to the farm territory Florida Championship Wrestling and later to NXT. In NXT, he formed a tag team called the Vaudevillains with Simon Gotch, winning the NXT Tag Team Championship. They were called to the main roster in 2016, but the team ended in 2017 when Gotch was released. English was then paired with Rusev. In 2019, he became a color commentator on 205 Live and NXT UK. After being released from WWE in 2020, Rehwoldt began wrestling for Impact Wrestling and on the independent circuit under both his real name and the ring name Matt Morris.

Outside of wrestling, Rehwoldt started the "Rough Cuts" social media campaign for unfinished art and the "Wrestling With Whiskey" project on YouTube.

Early life
Matthew Rehwoldt was born in Chicago, Illinois, where he developed an interest in acting at an early age. By the age of 20, he had appeared in over 20 stage productions. After graduating from Lyons Township High School, he studied acting (with a focus on stage combat) at Columbia College Chicago, graduating in 2010 with a Bachelor of Arts.

Professional wrestling career

Independent circuit (2011–2012)
After graduating from college, Rehwoldt trained as a professional wrestler. He debuted on the Illinois independent circuit in late-2011 under the ring name "Matt Marquee." He wrestled for promotions such as Chicago Style Wrestling, where he formed a tag team named "The Ryte Stuff" with Barry Ryte.

WWE (2012–2020)

Developmental territories (2012–2014)

Rehwoldt signed a contract with WWE in early 2012, and was assigned to its developmental territory, Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), where he began using the ring name "Aiden English," debuting on March 1, 2012 as part of an 8-man tag team match. He made his televised debut on the March 15, 2012 taping of FCW television, airing on April 15, 2012, teaming with Audrey Marie in an intergender tag team match against Rick Victor and Paige.

After WWE rebranded FCW as NXT in 2012, English's television debut took place on the June 27 episode of the rebooted NXT taped at Full Sail University, losing to Leo Kruger. English was used primarily as a jobber throughout the rest of the year, losing to wrestlers including Bray Wyatt, Ryback, and Big E Langston. He scored his first televised win on the September 18, 2013 episode of NXT, defeating Michael Q. Laurie.

A week later, on the September 25 episode of NXT, English sang a parody version of the "Major-General's Song" from the musical The Pirates of Penzance while approaching the ring. He subsequently began singing before, during and after his matches, while also establishing himself as a heel. Throughout the year, English scored wins over Jason Jordan and Camacho. In the beginning of 2014, English began a feud with Colin Cassady, losing to him on the January 1 episode of NXT in a sing-off but defeating him in several matches.

Vaudevillains (2014–2017)

In June 2014, English formed a tag team with Simon Gotch, known as the Vaudevillains. The duo turned face when they feuded with Blake and Murphy. The feud escalated to NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn, where the Vaudevillains defeated Blake and Murphy to win the NXT Tag Team Championship. On the November 11 episode of NXT, the Vaudevillains lost the title to Dash and Dawson, ending their reign at 61 days. On the November 25 episode of NXT, the Vaudevillains faced Dash and Dawson in a rematch for the title in a losing effort. On the December 23 episode of NXT, the Vaudevillains competed in a four-way tag team match against Blake and Murphy, The Hype Bros, and Chad Gable and Jason Jordan, won by Gable and Jordan. On the March 16, 2016 episode of NXT, the Vaudevillains were defeated by Gable and Jordan, later known as American Alpha, in a #1 contenders match for the NXT Tag Team Championship.

On the April 7, 2016 episode of SmackDown, the Vaudevillains made their main roster debut as heels, defeating the Lucha Dragons. On the April 11 episode of Raw, the Vaudevillains were announced as one of the teams to participate in the #1 contenders tournament for the WWE Tag Team Championship, where they defeated Goldust and Fandango in the first round later that week on SmackDown and The Usos on the April 18 episode of Raw in the semi-finals. At Payback, the Vaudevillains faced Enzo Amore and Colin Cassady in the finals of the tournament. The match resulted in a no-contest due to a legit concussion by Amore, and the Vaudevillains were declared number one contenders. At Extreme Rules, the Vaudevillains received their shot at the titles against The New Day in a losing effort. At Money in the Bank, The Vaudevillains competed in a Fatal 4-way tag team match also involving Enzo and Cass and Luke Gallows and Karl Anderson for the titles in a losing effort.

On July 19 at the 2016 WWE draft, the Vaudevillains were drafted to SmackDown in the tenth round of picks. In August, a tag team tournament for the newly created WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship was set up by SmackDown general manager Daniel Bryan and SmackDown commissioner Shane McMahon, where the winners of the tournament would be crowned the inaugural champions. On the August 30 episode of SmackDown, the Vaudevillains would compete in the first round match of the tournament, where they were defeated by The Hype Bros. On the November 8 episode of SmackDown, the Vaudevillains were defeated by Breezango (Tyler Breeze and Fandango) in a qualifying match for a spot in Team SmackDown at Survivor Series. On the January 31, 2017 episode of SmackDown, the Vaudevillains, along with five other teams, answered an open challenge set by American Alpha, where a brawl between all six teams ensued before being broken up by referees and officials. At Elimination Chamber, the Vaudevillains competed in a tag team turmoil match for the WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship, where they were eliminated by Heath Slater and Rhyno. At WrestleMania 33, English competed in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, which was won by Mojo Rawley. On April 5, 2017, English's partner Simon Gotch was released from WWE.

Rusev Day and commentator (2017–2020)
Following the team's disbandment, English returned to singing prior to his matches. In May 2017, he entered into a feud with Tye Dillinger, losing to him at Backlash. At Battleground on July 23, English once again faced Dillinger, this time in a winning effort.

In September, English allied with Rusev during a rivalry Rusev had been having with Randy Orton. After losing to Orton at SummerSlam, Rusev issued a rematch to Orton following a match with English, which Orton had won. English distracted Orton and allowed Rusev to pick up the victory in nine seconds, the same time that Orton had defeated Rusev in at SummerSlam. The following week, Rusev held "The Pride of Bulgaria Celebration," and was praised by the mayor of his hometown. English sang a song to commemorate the occasion. During the song, Orton appeared and delivered RKOs to both English and Rusev. From there on out, crowds began chanting "Rusev Day" during Rusev's matches, and he and English would become one of the company's most popular acts, despite their placement as villains.

Throughout the rest of the year, Rusev and English wrestled as a tag team, participating in a fatal four-way tag team match for the SmackDown Tag Team Championship at Clash of Champions also involving The New Day, Chad Gable and Shelton Benjamin, as well as the champions The Usos. They were unsuccessful in winning. On January 28, 2018, English entered the 2018 Royal Rumble match, but was eliminated by Finn Bálor. At WrestleMania 34, English entered the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, but was the first person eliminated; Matt Hardy would eventually win the match. English would re-appear later in the night with a freshly shaved head to manage Rusev in his fatal four-way match against Randy Orton, Jinder Mahal and Bobby Roode, but Rusev was unsuccessful as he was pinned by Mahal. Later, throughout the summer, English and Rusev established themselves as fan favorites.

In July 2018, English started a feud with Rusev when, on the July 24 episode of SmackDown Live, English accidentally knocked Lana out. The following weeks, English interfered in the matches between Andrade Cien Almas and Zelina Vega and Rusev and Lana, turning back to a heel in the process. The feud escalated when, on the September 18 episode of SmackDown Live, English attacked Rusev with a microphone and alluded to Lana and he having an affair. The storyline concluded on October 9, when it was revealed in a video that English made romantic advances towards Lana, to which she deflected. On the October 23 episode of SmackDown Live, Rusev defeated English, ending their feud.

In January 2019, it was announced that English would join the commentary team of 205 Live beginning on January 22, 2019, replacing Percy Watson, while still also participating on SmackDown. On April 4, English lost to Kassius Ohno at WrestleMania Axxess, in a match that aired on WWE Worlds Collide on April 14. This would become his final match in the company. On November 1, 2019, English appeared as a guest commentator on  SmackDown, as part of a commentary team filling in for Michael Cole and Corey Graves. On April 15, 2020, English was released from his WWE contract due to the budget cuts stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Independent circuit (2020–present)
After his WWE release, he began to work on the independent circuit under his real name. On September 17, 2020, Rehwoldt had his first match on the independent circuit for Zelo Wrestling where he defeated Nick Brubaker.

Impact Wrestling (2021–present)
At Slammiversary, on July 17, 2021, a vignette aired promoting Rehwoldt's arrival to Impact Wrestling. At Homecoming, Rehwoldt made his debut as part of the Homecoming tournament, teaming with Deonna Purrazzo to defeat Hernandez and Alisha Edwards in the first round, Matt Cardona and Chelsea Green in the semi-finals, and Decay (Crazzy Steve and Rosemary) in the finals to become the Homecoming King and Queen.

In early 2022, Rehwoldt would join the commentary team regularly, replacing D'lo Brown. He would retire as a wrestler to focus on his work as commentator.

New Japan Pro Wrestling (2021–present)
At NJPW Resurgence, Rehwoldt made his New Japan Pro Wrestling debut as part of the English commentary team. Rehwoldt made his debut for the August 20, 2021 airing of NJPW Strong in a match against Alex Coughlin under the ring name "Matt Morris".

Personal life
In December 2014, Rehwoldt became engaged to former professional wrestler Shaul Guerrero, the daughter of Vickie Guerrero and Eddie Guerrero. They were married in Florida on January 3, 2016.

Rehwoldt is a fan of The Best Show with Tom Scharpling, calling the show in April and May 2011 when it was still broadcast on WFMU.

Other media
Rehwoldt, as Aiden English,  appears in five video games, WWE SuperCard, WWE 2K16, WWE 2K17, WWE 2K18 and WWE 2K19.

He frequently appeared on Xavier Woods' UpUpDownDown YouTube channel, where he played video games together with several other wrestlers.

Aside from his professional wrestling career, English started the campaign "Rough Cuts" on social media, where people share their unfinished art on Twitter or Instagram. Also, in 2018, he started the project "Wrestling With Whiskey," where, under his real name, he uploads videos of Whiskey tastings, Q & A's etc. on the project's YouTube channel. He does stream via Twitch using the username DramaKingMatt.

Championships and accomplishments
 Impact Wrestling
 2021 Homecoming King and Queen Tournament – with Deonna Purrazzo
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 171  of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2016
 WWE
 NXT Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Simon Gotch
 WWE Tag Team Championship #1 Contender Tournament (2016) – with Simon Gotch

See also
 The Vaudevillains

References

External links

 Matthew Rehwoldt's Impact Wrestling profile

1987 births
American male professional wrestlers
American male stage actors
Columbia College Chicago alumni
Living people
Los Guerreros
Professional wrestlers from Illinois
Sportspeople from Chicago
NXT Tag Team Champions
21st-century professional wrestlers

Matthew Rehwoldt


Gilbert Heathcote's tunnel was an engineering project dating from the 1630s as one of the earliest modern attempts to drain  The Fens in Lincolnshire. Rendered obsolete by the mechanical drainage improvements after World War II, it was finally removed in 1991.

It carried water, under gravity, from Bourne South Fen, Thurlby Fen and Northorpe Fen to the Counter Drain and thence to Deeping Fen.  A tunnel was required under the River Glen which was (and still is) artificially banked with a level some 3 metres above the surrounding lands and above the Counter Drain.  The Counter Drain was pumped further downstream by wind-driven machinery, erected later. At the time of construction Deeping Fen was still inundated.

In 1871 the Bourne South Fen Drainage District was formed to take over the drainage, which had been in the hands of adventurers, and from 1872 a succession of steam engines were used to assist the flow through the tunnel.

The location is around 500m upstream on the Glen of the confluence with the Bourne Eau. Tongue End is the nearest settlement. The modern by-road alongside the original drain to the tunnel is still called Tunnel Bank.

The Gilbert Heathcote for whom it is named appears to be the grandfather of Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 1st Baronet, and an ancestor of the first Baron Aveland.  That family later inherited nearby Grimsthorpe Castle, but must have had land and associations with this area to claim the title of Aveland.

The area drained falls within the area of the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board.

References

Glen
History of Lincolnshire
17th century in England
Tunnels in Lincolnshire
Fens of England
Drainage canals in England

Gilbert Heathcote's tunnel


Jacob Weisberg (born 1964) is an American political journalist, who served as editor-in-chief of The Slate Group, a division of Graham Holdings Company. In September 2018, he left Slate to co-found Pushkin Industries, an audio content company, with Malcolm Gladwell. Weisberg was also a Newsweek columnist. He served as the editor of Slate magazine for six years before stepping down in June 2008. He is the son of Lois Weisberg, a Chicago social activist and municipal commissioner.

Early life and education
Weisberg's father, Bernard Weisberg, was a Chicago lawyer and judge. His parents were introduced at a cocktail party by novelist Ralph Ellison. His mother is Lois Weisberg. His brother is former CIA officer and television writer and producer Joe Weisberg.

Weisberg graduated from Yale University in 1986, where he worked for the Yale Daily News. When a junior, he was offered membership in Skull and Bones by then lieutenant governor of Massachusetts John Kerry. But he declined the offer, citing the club's exclusion of women.

Weisberg was persuaded by The Washington Post'''s Robert G. Kaiser to join Elihu Society. After Yale he attended New College, Oxford, on a Rhodes Scholarship.

Career
Weisberg is currently the CEO of Pushkin Industries, a media company focused on audio content, which he co-founded with Malcolm Gladwell. Pushkin focuses on creating new podcasts, audiobooks and short-form audio content. The company produces the podcast Revisionist History, hosted by Gladwell, which was previously produced through Panoply Media, a division of Slate Group. Until September 2018, Weisberg was the Editor in Chief of Slate Group.

Previously, he was a commentator on National Public Radio. He also worked for The New Republic in Washington, D.C., and was a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine and a contributing editor to Vanity Fair. He has served as a columnist for the Financial Times. Early in his career, he worked for Newsweek in the London and Washington bureaus. Weisberg has also worked as a freelance journalist for numerous publications.

Books
The creator and author of the Bushisms series, Weisberg published The Bush Tragedy in 2008. He is also the author, with former Goldman Sachs executive and Secretary of the Treasury Robert Rubin, of the latter's memoir, In an Uncertain World: Tough Choices from Wall Street to Washington, which was a New York Times bestseller as well as one of Business Weeks ten best business books of 2003.

Weisberg's first book, In Defense of Government, was published in 1996.

He chaired the judging panel for the 2009 BBC Samuel Johnson Prize for excellence in non-fiction writing.

Personal
Weisberg is married to style and fashion journalist Deborah Needleman, formerly editor-in-chief of T:The New York Times Style Magazine editor of domino magazine.

 Works What Are Impeachable Offenses?'' September 28, 2017 issue of New York Review Books, with Noah Feldman

References

External links
 Short bio of Weisberg – Harvard University, Kennedy School of Government
 Video (and audio) debate/conversation with Jacob Weisberg and David Frum on Bloggingheads.tv

1964 births
Living people
American male journalists
Jewish American writers
Jewish American journalists
Yale University alumni
American Rhodes Scholars
Alumni of New College, Oxford
The New Republic people
Slate (magazine) people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
American podcasters
21st-century American Jews

Jacob Weisberg


Ghazar Parpetsi () was a 5th to 6th century Armenian chronicler and historian. He had close ties with the powerful Mamikonian noble family and is most prominent for writing a history of Armenia, History of Armenia, sometime in the early sixth century.

Life
Ghazar was born in the village of Parpi (near the town of Ashtarak in Armenia, then under Sasanian rule), and was raised by a princess of the Mamikonian family. Owing to the close ties he held with the Mamikonian family, following the defeat of the Armenians at the battle of Avarayr in 451, Ghazar moved to the Mamikonian Prince Ashusah's castle in Gugark, where he received his primary education. Studying under the auspices of Aghan Artstruni, he befriended Vahan Mamikonian; he was an excellent student and from 465 to 470 he attended school in Constantinople, learning new languages, studying religion, literature, and classical philosophy. Returning to Armenia, Ghazar busied himself with educational and spiritual activities in the town of Shirak, then part of the domains of the Kamsarakan family. From 484 to 486, he lived in Syunik until Vahan Mamikonian, who had been recently appointed the head of marzpan Armenia, invited him to oversee the reconstruction of a monastery being built in Vagharshapat. Vahan appointed Ghazar an abbot at the monastery, although the education that Ghazar had received as well as his educational and spiritual policies did not suit well with the more conservative elements of the church. Accusing him of heresy, he was forced out of the monastery in 490, taking up residence in the city of Amida in Byzantium.

According to Armenian tradition, it is said that Ghazar was buried near the ruins of an Armenian church in Parpi Canyon, south of a village named Lazrev in Armenia.

Works
Ghazar is best known for writing the History of Armenia. After returning from Amida in 493, Vahan Mamikonian asked his friend to write a new history of Armenia, starting from where historian Faustus of Byzantium left off; that is, with the reign of king Arsaces II (Arshak II). History is composed of three parts: the first is about Armenian history from the mid-fourth century and life in Armenia under Sasanian rule until the deaths of Sahak Partev and Mesrop Mashtots in the mid-fifth century; the second concerns the events leading up to the battle of Avarayr as well as its subsequent consequences; and the third follows up on the Vartanank wars and the 484 signing of the Nvarsak Treaty. The main sources he uses in History are the primary works of other historians, Agathangelos, Koryun, and Faustus, although he apparently made use of other historians' works, including Eusebius of Caesarea's Historia Ecclesiastica.

Translations

English translations

The History of Armenia, translated into English by Robert Bedrosian (1980).

The History of Armenia, translated into English by Robert W. Thomson (1991).

References

Sources

External links
Translator's Preface to the English translation of History of the Armenians
English translation of the History of the Armenians – mirror if main site unavailable

5th-century Armenian historians
6th-century Armenian historians
Armenian people from the Sasanian Empire

Ghazar Parpetsi


The Atayal (), also known as the Tayal and the Tayan, are a Taiwanese indigenous people. The Atayal people number around 90,000, approximately 15.9% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them the third-largest indigenous group. The preferred endonym is "Tayal", although the Taiwanese government officially recognizes them as "Atayal".

Etymology
The Atayal word for Atayal is , meaning "human" or "man".
The word the people use to refer to themselves is Tayal, almost never Atayal.

Origins

The first record of Atayal inhabitance is found near the upper reaches of the Zhuoshui River. During the late 17th century, they crossed the Central Mountain Ranges into the wilderness of the east. They then settled in the Liwu River valley. Seventy-nine Atayal villages can be found here.

Genetics
Taiwan has been home to a number of Austronesian indigenous groups since before 4,000 BC.  However, genetic analysis suggests that the different peoples may have different ancestral source populations originating in mainland Asia, and developed in isolation from each other.  The Atayal people are believed to have migrated to Taiwan from Southern China or Southeast Asia. Genetic studies have also found similarities between the Atayal and other people in the Philippines and Thailand, and to a lesser extent with south China and Vietnam. The Atayal are genetically distinct from the Amis people who are the largest indigenous group in Taiwan, as well as from the Han people, suggesting little mingling between these people. Studies on Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms suggest ancient migrations of two lineages of the various peoples into Taiwan approximately 11,000-26,000 years ago.

Recent DNA studies show that the Lapita people and modern Polynesians have a common ancestry with the Atayal and the Kankanaey people of the northern Philippines.

The Atayal are visibly different from the Han Chinese of Taiwan. Intermarriage with Chinese also produced a significant number of Atayal-Chinese mixed offspring and celebrities such as Vivian Hsu, Vic Zhou, Yuming Lai, Kao Chin Su-mei.

Folklore
According to stories told by their elders, the first Atayal ancestors appeared when a stone, Pinspkan, cracked apart. There were three people, but one decided to go back into the stone. One man and one woman who lived together for a very long time and loved each other very much. But the boy was shy and wouldn't dare approach her. Whereupon, the girl came up with an idea. She left her home and found some coal with which to blacken her face so she could pose as a different girl.

After several days, she crept back into their home and the boy mistook her for another girl and they lived happily together. Not long after, the couple bore children, fulfilling their mission of procreating the next generation. The Atayal custom of face tattooing may have come from the girl blackening her face in the story.

Culture

Lifestyle

The Atayal people have a distinct culture. They traditionally lived by fishing, hunting, gathering, and growing crops on burned-off mountain fields. The Atayal also traditionally practice crafts such as weaving, net knotting, and woodworking. They also have culturally specific musical instruments and dances.

The Atayal were known as skilled warriors. In a practice illegal since the Japanese Colonial Era (1895 –1945), for a man to earn his facial tattoo, he  had to bring back at least one human head; these heads, or skulls, were highly honored, given food and drink, and expected to bring good harvests to the fields. (See Headhunting.) The Atayal are also known for the case of the Wushe Incident, in which the Atayal participated in an uprising against colonial Japanese forces.

The Lalaw Behuw, a type of long knife, was a weapon used by the Atayals.

Traditional dress

The Atayal are proficient weavers, incorporating symbolic patterns and designs on their traditional dress. The features are mainly of geometric style, and the colors are bright and dazzling. Most of the designs are argyles and horizontal lines. In Atayal culture, the horizontal lines represent the rainbow bridge which leads the dead to where the ancestors' spirits live. Argyles, on the other hand, represent ancestors' eyes protecting the Atayal. The favorite color of this culture is red because it represents blood and power.

Facial tattoos

The Atayal people are also known for using facial tattooing and teeth filing in coming-of-age initiation rituals.  The facial tattoo, in Squliq Tayal, is called ptasan. In the past both men and women had to show that they had performed a major task associated with adulthood before their faces could be tattooed. For a man, he had to take the head of an enemy, showing his valor as a hunter to protect and provide for his people, while women had to be able to weave cloth. A girl would learn to weave when she was about ten or twelve, and she had to master the skill in order to earn her tattoo. Only those with tattoos could marry, and, after death, only those with tattoos could cross the hongu utux, or spirit bridge (the rainbow) to the hereafter.

Male tattooing is relatively simple, with only two bands down the forehead and chin. Once a male came of age he would have his forehead tattooed; after fathering a child, his bottom chin was tattooed. For the female, tattooing was done on the cheek, typically from the ears across both cheeks to the lips forming a V shape. While tattooing on a man is relatively quick, on a female it may take up to ten hours.

Tattooing was performed only by female tattooists. The tattooing was performed using a group of needles lashed to a stick called atok tapped into the skin using a hammer called totsin. Black ash would then be rubbed into the skin to create the tattoo.  Healing could take up to a month.

The Japanese banned the practice of tattooing in 1930 because of its association with headhunting. With the introduction of Christianity, the practice declined, and tattoos were only seen on the elderly. However, some young people in recent years have attempted to revive the practice. By 2018 only one tattooed elder survived, Lawa Piheg, who was tattooed when she was 8. Lawa Piheg died on 14 September 2019.

Atayal in modern times

The Atayal people in Taiwan live in central and northern Taiwan. The northernmost village is in Ulay District (Wulai in Chinese), about 25 kilometers south of Taipei. The Atayal Tribe The community of Smangus in Jianshi Township had become well known as a tourist destination, and an experiment in communalism.

Many Atayal are bilingual, but the Atayal language still remains in active use.

Notable Atayal people
 Esther Huang, actress and singer
 Jane Huang, singer of rock duo Y2J
 Joanne Tseng, actress and member of pop duo Sweety
 Kao Chin Su-mei, actress, singer and politician
 Laha Mebow, director, screenwriter, TV producer
 Landy Wen, singer
 Lo Chih-an, football player
 Lo Chih-en, football player
 Payen Talu, member of Legislative Yuan (1996–2002)
 Vic Chou, actor and member of pop group F4
 Vivian Hsu, actress
 Walis Nokan, writer.
 Yuming Lai, singer of rock duo Y2J
 Yeh Shuhua, singer of K-pop group (G)I-DLE

See also
 Atayal Life Museum
 Atayal Resort
 Wulai Atayal Museum
 Taiwanese indigenous peoples

References

Headhunting

Atayal people


Jane Miller Thengberg (2 May 1822 – 22 March 1902) was a Swedish-Scottish teacher. She founded and managed the girls' school Klosterskolan in Uppsala from 1855 to 1863 and was the principal of the Högre lärarinneseminariet (Advanced Seminary for Female Teachers) in Stockholm from 1863 to 1868. She organized the rules of the newly founded Högre lärarinneseminariet, was an active participant in the contemporary debate about the educational system in Sweden, and is regarded as a pioneer of the education of girls and women in Sweden.

Biography
Miller Thengberg was born in Greenock, Scotland to a Scotsman named John Miller (d. 1831), who was employed in the British Navy, and Christina Jansson from Sweden. In 1834, she moved to Karlstad in Sweden with her mother. As an adult, she worked as a governess in both Sweden (1845–1852) and Scotland (1852). In 1854, she married the teacher and librarian Pehr Adrian Thengberg (d. 1859) in Uppsala, where she was introduced in intellectual circles frequented by, among others, Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, Thekla Knös, Gunnar Wennerberg, and Malla Silfverstolpe. She participated in the contemporary debate about the education of girls and women. At this point, there were criticisms against the girls' schools in Sweden, which were considered shallow. There was also a wish to establish schools which could offer serious academic education to girls, and many girls' schools were established. Between 1855 and 1863, she founded and managed her own girls' school, Klosterskolan, which became known for its high academic standards. From 1857, it also functioned as a female seminary, where she educated adult female teachers. The Klosterskolan was regarded as a pioneer female educational institution during its short existence.

In 1863 Miller Thengberg succeeded Hilda Elfving in the position of principal at the newly established Högre lärarinneseminariet  in Stockholm. She organised the institution according to her own pattern in 1864. Her rules became the target of public debate, which is said to have been caused by male teachers whom she had fired, with the support of Fredrika Bremer. Her new organisation was perceived as a great innovation and visits to the school were made from all over the country. On her recommendation, she was succeeded as director by , with  and Hilda Caselli as deputy directors.

Miller Thengberg was described as brusque and efficient. She was not regarded as a feminist but rather held views similar to Sophie Bolander. Although she spoke for females to be given education equal to what was given to males, she did not see it as ideal that they use this education to participate in society. She still supported the conventional idea that a woman's place was in the private life of the home.

In 1868, she married a teacher, Carl Norrby, and subsequently resigned her post. She lived with him on Gotland from 1872 to 1879, and then used her contacts to arrange a position for him in Uppsala. She continued to participate actively in the general debate on education in Sweden.

Miller Thengberg died in 1902 in Uppsala, Sweden, and is buried in Norra begravningsplatsen.

References

 Jane Miller Thengberg, urn:sbl:9352, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (article by Gunilla Karlsson), retrieved 2014-04-30.

1822 births
1902 deaths
19th-century Swedish educators
Scottish emigrants to Sweden
People from Greenock
19th-century Scottish people
Swedish governesses
19th-century Scottish educators
Burials at Uppsala old cemetery
19th-century Scottish women educators

Jane Miller Thengberg


The Beast is a character from Beauty and the Beast. In different movies and musicals, Dan Stevens, Terrence Mann, James Barbour and Steve Blanchard have played the role of the Beast. Now he was portrayed by Josh Groban.

Movie characters

Beast (Beauty and the Beast)


The High School Democrats of America (HSDA) is a student-led organization that seeks to mobilize young people and elect Democrats. HSDA student activists across the country engage in political activity and advance the agenda of the Democratic Party.

Formerly part of the Young Democrats of America, HSDA represents high school students at all levels of the Democratic Party.

History

Although individual unaffiliated state chapters existed long beforehand, the High School Democrats of America itself was founded in December 2005, by Ahmed Kokon (NY) and Jonathan Padilla (CA), with Eddy Foster (PA) and Alicia Froio (PA) joining the board after the initial election. In June 2014, the High School Democrats of America formally ended its affiliation with the Young Democrats of America, and ceased functioning as the Young Democrats of America's High School Caucus. With the change, the position of National Parliamentarian became Development Director. The Development Director served as Parliamentarian and resolved disputes and presided over elections. The organization held its first national conference, the HSDA Strategic Summit, in Washington, D.C., during July 2015. At the 2019 summer meeting of the Democratic National Committee in San Francisco, California, the party's Charter and Bylaws was amended to grant HSDA two seats on the DNC.

Organization
The organization and rules governing HSDA are found in the organization's Official Bylaws.

The national organization presides over HSDA as a whole. It is led by the National Executive Board, which consists of the Chair, two Vice-Chairs of different genders, the Communications Director, the Programs Director, and the Development Director. The National E-Board is responsible for overseeing the organization, expanding HSDA, and working with states to promote Democratic causes. The National E-Board is elected every year by a ranked-choice election accessible to all members regardless of location. Leadership also includes a National Committee consisting of two representatives from individual states, territories, and the District of Columbia, in addition to Chairs and Vice Chairs from each Caucus. The Executive Board employs a group of volunteer staff, ranging from Financial Directors to Political Advisors. Other organizations at the national level include the Ethics Council, which resolves issues in an unbiased manner; the Caucuses, which represent marginalized communities of race, orientation, and disability; the Diversity Committee, which consists of the Chairs and Vice-Chairs of the Caucuses as well as the Diversity Director and promotes inclusivity; and the Adult Advisory Board, which assists the E-Board in legal and financial matters as well as long-term planning.

Each state organization works with all the local chapters in their state, and is responsible for connecting chapters, expanding HSDA, working on legislation, and promoting Democratic causes at the state level. State chapters also have an extensive list of accolades, including hosting a "Unity Day" with the Teen Age Republicans to promote bipartisanship. Each state holds its own elections to determine who assumes state leadership.

Local chapters at high schools and in communities work at a grassroots level by rallying young people behind causes. Local HSDA chapters have organized marches, registered voters, and helped to elect Democrats in their own communities.

Caucuses

The HSDA National Caucus System consists of the Asian/Pacific Islander Caucus, Black Caucus, First Generation Caucus, Hindu Caucus, Jewish Caucus, Latinx Caucus, LGBTQ+ Caucus, Muslim Caucus, and Women's Caucus. Caucuses were formed to represent groups that, because of their gender, sexual orientation, disabilities, religious beliefs, or ethnicity, face substantial discrimination in American society as a whole. Each caucus democratically elects a Chair and Vice Chair who will serve a term not to exceed one year. Active membership of a caucus shall be determined by average weekly engagement and is reported to the Diversity Director monthly.

State chapters

There are 40 officially chartered state Chapters of HSDA. Each chartered state has an executive board of leaders who help guide and support local chapters and act as a liaison between members in their state and the HSDA national level. Two members of each state also serve on the National Committee. State chapters organize statewide events, connect members to state candidates, plan phone banks and get-out-the-vote campaigns, and coordinate other initiatives. Regional Directors (members of National Staff) support state leaders as they expand and grow. State leaders are a great resource when starting a local chapter!

Activities
The organization is involved in a number of projects, including a Huffington Post blogging project and a separate publishing opportunity through The Progressive Teen, which serves as the official magazine of the organization with a full editorial staff. Both projects are aimed at inspiring political discourse and offering members the opportunity to voice their opinions about important civic issues in a highly-visible setting. The organization has also proved instrumental and necessary in several campaigns across the country, including the election of Joe Donnelly and Elizabeth Warren to the US Senate, as well as the notable election of President Barack H. Obama in 2008.
The organization has taken stances on important issues throughout the political spectrum, but has been recently focused on student loan reform, immigration reform, and gun control. After the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting in February 2018, HSDA members began to advocate for stronger gun control.

Since 2015, HSDA has hosted an annual summit in Washington, D.C., to train student activists and teach them to organize in their communities. HSDA has also garnered the attention of several notable politicians, including Sen. Cory Booker, Sen. Elizabeth Warren, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, and President Joe Biden. In 2020, 2021, and 2022, the National Summit was virtual due to various reasons including the COVID-19 pandemic.

See also
 College Democrats
 College Democrats of America
 Democratic Party (United States)
 Law School Democrats of America
 Young Democrats of America
 Teen Age Republicans

Notes and references

External links
 High School Democrats of America Website
 The Progressive Teen

Democratic Party (United States) organizations
Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)
Youth-led organizations
Youth empowerment organizations
Youth wings of political parties in the United States
Political organizations established in 2005
Student organizations established in 2005
Student wings of political parties in the United States

High School Democrats of America


A furry is a person who is interested in or creates fictional anthropomorphic animal characters who have human traits. This group of people make up the furry fandom. Furry characters (called fursonas, especially when referring to someone's personal furry characters) can walk on two legs or talk. Another word for a "furry character" is an anthropomorphic character, which means a character which has some human features.

Many different stories have furry characters. Fairy tales and mythology often have animal characters who talk or do other human things. Books, comics, children's books, video games, and toys can have furry characters too. Some of the most popular cartoon characters are furries: Bugs Bunny, Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Disney's Robin Hood, and Scooby-Doo.

Sometimes, people draw porn of furry characters to fit their sexual interests. Quite a few people believe this represents a large part of the furry fandom, and it gains significant news attention.

Furry traits
To be a furry character, an animal needs to look or act like a human in some way. Here are some of the ways:
 Talking
 Showing their feelings like humans do, by smiling and frowning
 Walking on two legs
 Wearing clothes
 Living in houses or working at jobs
It's also important to say here that there's also "feral" sections of the fandom. They focus more on the animal aspects of the character, and most feral furry characters don't talk or do many human activities.

Not all of these features have to be on a furry character for it to be a furry character. Some furry characters can be thought of as "fursonas" without walking on their hind legs or having jobs.

A character does not need to have fur to be a furry. A lizard or bird character that has these features could also be a furry, although they may also be called a "scalie" or an "avian".

Furry characters in art
Humans are good at reading human body language, but less good at reading animal body language. Art showing animals smiling or frowning like humans makes it easier for humans to know how the character is feeling.

Because humans have been around animals for a long time, humans expect certain animals to act certain ways. Art that gives humans animal traits tells people what to expect from those characters. For example, many cultures see foxes as clever, so many people will assume a fox furry character is clever.

Fairy tales and mythology
For thousands of years, people have told stories and made art with furry characters. Egyptian mythology has many gods who are part animal and part human. Roman mythology has a story about a minotaur, which is part bull and part human. The werewolf of European mythology is part wolf and part human.

Cartoons and video games
Many cartoons have furry characters. Examples include:

 Looney Tunes,
 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles,
 Kung Fu Panda, and
 My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic.

Many video games also have furry characters. A few examples:

 Jak and Daxter,
 Ratchet and Clank,
 Crash Bandicoot,
 Sonic the Hedgehog, and
 Star Fox.

Furry fandom
In the modern day, people from all around the world make up the furry fandom. Many of them meet and talk to each other the Internet, but they also meet in real life. Furry websites like FurAffinity and DeviantArt let people share pictures, stories, music, games, and animations that have furry characters.

Fursonas and role-play
Furries often make up a "fursona", or anthropomorphic animal character to represent themselves in the fandom. Often, but not always, the fursona's species is that person's favorite animal. These people sometimes talk to each other role playing as  their fursonas. Role-playing isn't exclusive to furries, but it is a big part of the community. These role-plays usually happen over instant messaging or forums, but sometimes happen in real life.

Furry conventions
Furries sometimes meet at conventions to talk about their favorite characters, buy art, make friends, and show off their fursuits. These meetings may also have music, dancing, and parties. Conventions are usually held in large hotels, so there is enough room for hundreds or even thousands of people.

The largest furry conventions are Anthrocon, Midwest FurFest, Further Confusion, RainFurrest, Furry Weekend Atlanta, and Eurofurence. Many others happen all around the world each year.

Fursuits and other costumes
Some furries dress up in "fursuits", which are cosplay costumes that look like ones fursona. Fake fur is used to make these costumes, so they can be many different colors. Some fursuits look very much like real animals; other fursuits look like cartoon characters or legendary creatures.

A person who wears a fursuit is called a fursuiter. Fursuits may cover the person's whole body, or just part of it. A fursuit that covers the whole body is called a "full suit." A suit that covers only part of the body (usually the head, arms, and feet, plus a tail) is called a "partial suit" or "partial." With a partial suit, the rest of the body is covered with clothes to hide the person inside.

Fursuits are almost always one-of-a-kind. This is because they are often based off of a person's fursona. Some are made by the person who will wear them, others are made by other people who make them for money.

People usually wear fursuits for fun. Sometimes people feel less shy in a fursuit because no one can see who they are. This can make them feel more comfortable dancing, playing, hugging, meeting people, or being silly. People may also wear fursuits to be a mascot for a charity or event, usually one related to animals.

Inside a fursuit, it can be difficult to see and hear. Fursuiters often have a friend help them cross traffic or use stairs. In hot weather, fursuiters must be careful not to overheat.

Slang in the furry fandom
Like many groups, the furry fandom has its own slang. "Murr" is a word used to show you like something or find it attractive sexually. "Scritching" is gentle scratching; in the furry fandom, this is a way to show you like someone, like hugging. "Yiff" is a slang word for sex, and comes from the sound a fox makes during sex. A "fursuit" is a cosplay costume that looks like a furry character, or "fursona". A fursona is an anthropomorphic animal character someone makes up for themselves. The word "snoot" is slang for snout. Furries often "boop" snoots; this means gently pushing or tapping a fursuiter or furry's nose, usually done as part of roleplay, as a greeting, or for fun. The word "beans" refers to the paw pads of an animal, fursona, or fursuiter. "Poodling" is a word used to describe someone showing their skin during partial suiting. A lot of "graymuzzles", or older furries are against poodling because it "breaks the magic". Breaking the magic means to get out of character while fursuiting.

Sexuality
Only around 20-30% of furries identify as heterosexual. 28.8% of furries identify as homosexual, 23.4% identify as bisexual, 16.5% identify as pansexual, and 10.5% identify as Asexual. The rest either don't know (5.8%) or identify as something else (4.9%).  Around 3.2% of people in furry fandom admit to being sexually attracted to animals, or zoophiles.

References

Art
Comics

Furry


A steam tricycle is a steam-driven three-wheeled vehicle.

History
In the early days of motorised vehicle development, a number of experimenters built steam-powered vehicles with three wheels. The first steam tricycle – and probably the first true self-propelled land vehicle – was Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769 Fardier à vapeur (steam dray), a three-wheeled machine with a top speed of around 3 km/h (2 mph) originally designed for hauling artillery. Failing to meet the army's design criteria, no further development was undertaken.

The Long steam tricycle appears to be one of the earliest preserved examples, built by George A. Long around 1880 and patented some time around 1882; an example is on display at the Smithsonian Institution.

In 1881 the Parkyns-Bateman steam tricycle was demonstrated in England. It used a petroleum-fired steam boiler (making it the first petroleum-powered vehicle), driving a double-acting two cylinder steam engine on the chassis of a Cheylesmore tricycle. Although numerous orders were reportedly placed, British law made such vehicles essentially illegal on the public roads. An example was displayed in the Science Museum from 1912 to 1922.

A small steam tricycle was built by Albert, Comte de Dion in 1887. This had two wheels in the front, between which was mounted the boiler, and a single rear wheel driven by the engine. It was fitted with pneumatic tyres.

In the same year Léon Serpollet also constructed a coal-fired steam tricycle, with the "steam generator" (boiler) mounted between two rear wheels. These and other experimenters also built four-wheeled steam-powered vehicles. The invention of the internal combustion engine led to the replacement of steam in most cases, although steam cars continue to be built to the present day in small numbers.

Bibliography
 Singer, Charles Joseph; Raper, Richard. A history of technology : edited by Charles Singer ... [et al.]. Clarendon Press, 1954–1978. History e-book project.. ACLS Humanities E-book. Vol 5. Chapter 18. pp. 423–424.

See also

 History of steam road vehicles
 Steamroller
 Steam tractor
 Timeline of transportation technology
 Traction engine
 List of motorized trikes

References

Tricycle

Three-wheeled motor vehicles

Steam tricycle


A ceramic heat cell, also known as Caloric Porous Structure Cell (CPSC), is a ceramic device to burn a fuel without flame, converting the thermal energy to mechanical work.  In principle any fuel that can be vapourised and pre-mixed with air can be used. "Ultra vaporized steam" replaces the exploding air/fuel mixture as the work medium. The flameless combustion keeps emissions of  hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxides extremely low. Exhaust gas can be recirculated, which further reduces emissions.

A ceramic heat cell made by German firm Enginion is claimed to  generate up to 30 megawatts of power per cubic meter, operating at a moderate temperature of 1200 °C, with output varying from 5% to 100% of this, responding in 5 milliseconds. Emissions are claimed to be well below 10 parts per million even without exhaust gas recirculation. A glow plug is used to start the cell.

References

Energy conversion

Ceramic heat cell


Christopher Bryan Moneymaker (born November 21, 1975), is an American poker player who won the Main Event at the 2003 World Series of Poker (WSOP). His 2003 win is said to have revolutionized poker because he was the first person to become a world champion after qualifying at an online poker site. This has been referred to in the press as the "Moneymaker effect".

Early life
Moneymaker was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended Farragut High School in Knoxville, Tennessee, and later earned a master's degree in accounting from the University of Tennessee. After receiving his master's degree, Moneymaker worked as a comptroller. He was also a part-time employee at a local restaurant, in Spring Hill, Tennessee.

Moneymaker claimed that his ancestors made silver and gold coins and chose the name "Moneymaker" as a modification of their German last name, "Nurmacher".

Poker career

World Series of Poker
Moneymaker was working as an accountant when he won a seat in the Main Event of the 2003 World Series of Poker through an $86 satellite tournament at the PokerStars online poker card room. Although largely unknown prior to the tournament, on day one of the tournament his skills caught the attention of professional sports handicapper Lou Diamond, who called Moneymaker his "dark horse to win the whole tournament." Moneymaker went on to win the first prize of $2.5 million, instantly garnering poker superstar status. The 2003 WSOP Main Event was his first live poker tournament. One of Moneymaker's most memorable hands was heads-up against Sam Farha, when on the river he bluffed "all in" with King high.  Farha folded a pair of nines, quickly changing the momentum of the match. Moneymaker eventually won the tournament when his  beat Farha's  on a board of , giving Moneymaker a full house () to Farha's two pairs (). After winning the Main Event, he quit his job to serve as a celebrity spokesman for Series owner Harrah's Entertainment as well as PokerStars. He also started his own company, Moneymaker Gaming, and began traveling to play in more numerous and larger buy-in tournaments.

His autobiography, Moneymaker: How an Amateur Poker Player Turned $40 into $2.5 Million at the World Series of Poker was published in March 2005. Eric Raskin, editor of All In Magazine, compiled an oral history of the 2003 WSOP Main Event, which included input from three dozen top poker personalities who were involved, also titled The "Moneymaker Effect."  As part of Moneymaker's success, it appears that Moneymaker misremembered the buy-in to the satellite that he won on PokerStars, leading to the error in the title of his autobiography, which refers to winning a $40 satellite, rather than the correct figure of $86.

Other poker tournaments
On the World Poker Tour, Moneymaker finished second at the 2004 Shooting Stars event and won $200,000.

During Event 5 of the 2008 World Championship of Online Poker, which was a $10,300 buy-in of No Limit Hold'em, Moneymaker finished in sixth place, taking home over $139,000. He also did well in Event 16, the $215 Pot Limit Omaha with Rebuys, where he finished fifth, earning over $28,000.

Moneymaker won the Deep Stack Pot Limit Omaha event of the World Poker Open tournament in July 2009 and won $15,889.

Moneymaker placed 11th in the 2011 PokerStars Caribbean Adventure Main Event, earning $130,000.

In 2011 Moneymaker placed second at the National Heads Up Poker Tournament against Erik Seidel, earning $300,000.

As of 2022, his total live tournament winnings exceed $3,950,000, over $2,550,000 of which has come from the World Series of Poker.

In 2019, Moneymaker was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Moneymaker has been married twice. He and his first wife divorced in 2004; in an interview for a 10-year retrospective on the 2003 WSOP Main Event, he said "The main reason was me wanting to be a traveling poker pro. She didn't sign up for that life. She was married to a stay-at-home accountant who was not traveling the world, gone all the time, and gambling a lot of money. And it was a choice I had to make. I tried to be good, stay at my job, and be that accountant, but in all honesty I didn't want to." With his first wife, Moneymaker has a daughter. He married again in 2005. , they live just outside of Memphis, Tennessee.

Bibliography
 Moneymaker: How an Amateur Poker Player Turned $40 into $2.5 Million at the World Series of Poker (2005)
 Chris Moneymaker: A True Story, Graphic Novel (2015)

References

External links
 Chris Moneymaker Interview (audio + transcript)

1975 births
Living people
World Series of Poker Main Event winners
World Series of Poker bracelet winners
American gambling writers
American male non-fiction writers
American poker players
People from Atlanta
People from Nashville, Tennessee
University of Tennessee alumni
Farragut High School alumni
Poker Hall of Fame inductees

Chris Moneymaker


Poulnabrone dolmen (Poll na Brón in Irish, meaning "Hole of Sorrow") is a large dolmen (or  cromlech, a type of single-chamber portal tomb) located in the Burren, County Clare, Ireland. Situated on one of the most desolate and highest points of the region, it comprises three standing portal stones supporting a heavy horizontal capstone, and dates to the Neolithic period, with estimates to between 4200 BC and 2900 BC. Although not the largest, it is the best known of the approximately 172 dolmens in Ireland.

It was constructed on a karst landscape formed from limestone laid down around 350 million years ago. The dolmen was built by Neolithic farmers, who chose the location either for ritual, as a territorial marker, or as a collective burial site. What remains today is only the "stone skeleton" of the original monument; originally it would have been covered with soil, and its flagstone capped by a cairn.

When the site was excavated in 1986 and again in 1988, around 33 human remains, including those of adults, children (and the remains of a much later Bronze Age infant) were found buried underneath it. Also discovered were various stone and bone objects that would have been placed with the dead at the time of interment. The human remains and objects are estimated to have been buried intermittently during the 600 year period between 3800 and 3200 BC.

Name
Poulnabrone is an English phonetic transcription of Irish Poll na Brón. Brón is the genitive case of Irish word bró, meaning quern, so the name means  "Hole (or Pool) of the Quernstone". It is sometimes translated as "Hole of Sorrows" (Poll na mBrón).

Origin and purpose

Poulnabrone dolmen is located on low circular mound measuring c.  in diameter. The site is east of the Poulanine and Glensleade valleys, beyond which are the rocky Baur and Poulnabrucky hills. From about  north-east of the site the land rises into rough and uneven rocky terraces. The location would have been difficult of access at the time it was built, and it was probably used as a center for ritual into the Bronze Age.

The monument may have served also as a territorial marker in the Neolithic landscape, in a position visible from all around and close to the important north–south route from Ballyvaughan Bay south to the region where Kilnaboy village now stands. It is possible that the local settlers erected the dolmen to delimit the northern border of their territory, and later used for burials for successive generations.

Unusually for an Irish dolmen, but typical of those found in County Claire, the capstone slopes upward towards the west.

Description

Poulnabrone dolmen consists of a slab-like tabular capstone (or table-stone) supported by two pillar stones on either side which create  a chamber that tapers eastwards. Two portal stones at its lower end mark the tomb's entrance.

The trapezoidal capstone is  in length, between  (min) and  (max) wide, and is  thick. It is supported by two pairs of stones stones on the north and south sides; a number of others have fallen over the millennia. The capstone and north and south pillars form a chamber which is  long, and tapers eastwards due to the relative height of the supporting stones.  These side stones are fixed directly on the limestone bedrock, and thus would have been no higher during the Neolithic period.

The portal stones are positioned at either side of the lower side of the capstone, marking the tomb's entrance. A threshold stone (or sill) stone lies transverse on an east–west crevice in front of them.

The cairn extends an average of  from the chamber.

Radiocarbon dating indicates that the tomb was probably in use as a burial site between 3,800 and 3,200 BC. The findings are now at the Clare Museum, Ennis, loaned from the National Museum of Ireland.

Poulnabrone is the largest Irish portal tomb after Brownshill Dolmen in County Carlow.

Excavations
A crack at the based of the eastern portal stone was noticed during a survey in the 1950s. By the early 1980s it had grown to the extent that it was thought likely to destabilise the tomb. Two phases of conservation were undertaken in 1986 and 1988, and were overseen by Ann Lynch, Senior Archaeologist at the National Monuments Service.

At the time of the first excavation, the dolmen was on private land. In order for it to be carried out, it was taken into the guardianship of the Irish state in 1986. The 1986 excavation focused on the chamber and cairn. The priority was to raise the capstone so as to relieve pressure on the damaged portal. This was achieved by the constructing of a pyramidal wooden scaffolding which protected the archaeologists working underneath the capstone, and gave leverage to raise the capstone enough so that they could work on the portal stone and fully excavate the chamber.

During the excavations, the remains of around 33 people were found buried within the chamber. In addition, items such as pottery, a stone axe, jewelry made from bone and quartz crystals, and weapons were found buried found in various locations.

Human remains
From a total of some 6,000 bone fragments, the remains of a  minimum of 28, but more likely around 36 people, were found buried within the monument. Although it was usually difficult—or impossible—to distinguish the remains of each individual, Lynch estimates that at least 17 were adolescent or younger, while there was roughly an equal amount of males and females. 4,169 bones are identifiable to specific human bones types, while a further 486 are loose teeth. All but one of the identified adults were under the age of 30. They lived between 3800 and 3200 BC, and can be assumed to have been members of successive generations of a Neolithic specific community.

In most cases, the pathology and physical condition of the remains indicated lives spent in hard physical labour, and a life-span that ended before the age of 30. Only one individual seems to have survived past 40 years. Wear on the chest and chest vertebra of some individuals indicate the carrying of heavy loads on the head and back. Many of the bones showed signs of arthritis in the upper body, and the children's teeth showed evidence of illness and malnutrition. Dental pathology, including the wearing of the upper front teeth, indicates that they had a relatively abrasive and mostly plant based diet, with limited consumption of animal protein.

The remains of two of the bodies contain signs of violent injuries. The left parietal lobe of a young or middle-adult male's skull contains an oval depressed lesion sustained from the impact of small blunt object. Because of position of the wound towards the top of the head, it is more likely the result of a projectile rather than a fall; possibly from a sling shot. The wound seems to have fully healed with no signs of infection. The right hip bone of another individual contains the tip of a triangular stone projectile, which seems to have been shot from behind. Although the wound itself would not have been fatal, because it did not heal it is assumed that the person incurred other fatal injuries during the same incident.

Some bodies had been left elsewhere to decompose—likely in a protected location, as none show any signs of animal teeth marks. As some show scorch marks, they may have been ritually burned beforehand.

Sometime between c. 1750 and 1420 BC (corresponding with the Irish Bronze Age), an infant was buried just outside the entrance.

Pottery and artifacts
The majority of the pottery was discovered within the main chamber, with smaller finds in the portico and cairn. All of the pieces are  badly disintegrated and very small; according to archaeologist Anne Brindley, they consist of "crumbs or fragments", and it is not possible to determine how may original objects they come from. Although few of the remnants have distinguishing characteristics, some of the pottery fragments have been identified as within the early Western Neolithic tradition (c. 3750–3600 BC), largely based on the type of paste, and a few pieces with partially intact rims or decorations.

Tourism and preservation
The site is relatively unblemished, despite being a popular tourist attraction.

A large car park was opened in 2007 by the Clare County Council to deal with traffic problems caused by cars or coaches parking in the narrow road, guided by a  2005 estimate that put the number of annual visitors at 200,000. In 2007, tension arose when Lynch requested that visitor facilities should be reduced in order to preserve "the spiritual quality of the landscape surrounding the tomb."

References

Notes

Sources

 Brindley, Anna. The Prehistoric Pottery. In: Lynch, Ann, "Poulnabrone: An Early Neolithic Portal Dolmen in Ireland". Dublin: Archaeological Monograph Series 9, 2014
 Carthy, Hugh. Burren Archaeology. Cork: The Collins Press, 2011.
 Cunningham, George. Burren Journey. Shannonside Mid Western Regional Tourism Organisation, 1978. ASIN: B000GUBTOK
 De Valera, Ruaidhri. Survey of the Megalithic Tombs of Ireland: County Clare. Dublin: The Stationary Office, 1961.
 Grant, Christine. "Heritage Guide No. 49: The Burren in prehistory". Archaeology Ireland, June 2010.
 Jones, Carleton. "The Burren and the Aran Islands - Exploring the Archaeology". Cork: Collins Press, 2004.
 Lynch, Ann. 'Poulnabrone, a tomb for the ancestors' (video lecture). Burrenbeo Trust, 9 March 2022
 Lynch, Ann. Poulnabrone: An Early Neolithic Portal Tomb in Ireland. Dublin: Wordwell Books, 2014.
 Lynch, Ann. "Poulnabrone: A Stone in Time". Archaeology Ireland, Volume 2, No. 3, 1988.
 Sheridan, Alison. "Reviewed Work: 'Poulnabrone: An Early Neolithic Portal Tomb in Ireland' by Ann Lynch". Ulster Journal of Archaeology, Third Series, volume 75, 2019–20.
 Tesorieri, Mara. "Bioarchaeology, in Poulnabrone: An Early Neolithic Portal Tomb in Ireland. By Ann Lynch. In: The Human Remains, 2014
 Weir, Anthony. Early Ireland: A Field Guide. Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 1980.

External links

 Poulnabrone dolmen at Clare County Library
 The History of Poulnabrone at the Irish Archaeology website

Archaeological sites in County Clare
Dolmens in Ireland
National Monuments in County Clare
Tombs in the Republic of Ireland

Poulnabrone dolmen


Dion Waiters Jr. (born December 10, 1991) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Syracuse Orange and was selected with the fourth overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft by the Cleveland Cavaliers. Waiters also played for the Oklahoma City Thunder, Miami Heat, and the Los Angeles Lakers, where his team won an NBA championship.

Early life
Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Dion Waiters Sr. and Monique Brown, Waiters was raised by his mother, who had him when she was 17; his father was in jail at the time of his birth. Four hours after Waiters was born, his grandmother died. Waiters grew up playing basketball wherever he could, regardless of weather or time of day. Away from basketball, his home life revolved around his mother and stepfather, James Barnes.

High school career
As a freshman, Waiters attended Bartram High School and South Philadelphia High School in Philadelphia, but did not play basketball at either school. Waiters committed to Syracuse during the summer after his freshman year despite not having played a minute of high school basketball. In his sophomore year of high school, Waiters attended South Kent School. Waiters then played basketball at Life Center Academy his junior and senior years. Following his senior year, Waiters was ranked as the 15th best overall recruit according to ESPNU and ranked as the No. 2 best shooting guard in the ESPN 100. Waiters was also ranked as the 29th best overall recruit by Rivals.com.

College career

Freshman season

In his freshman season at Syracuse, Waiters averaged 6.6 points, 1.5 assists and 1.6 rebounds per game. In a second round loss to Marquette in the NCAA Tournament, Waiters shot 8-for-10 with 18 points.

Sophomore season
In his sophomore season at Syracuse, Waiters averaged 12.6 points, 2.5 assists and 2.3 rebounds per game. He was named the Big East Sixth Man of the Year, earned third-team All-Big East honors, was named AP Honorable Mention All-American, and was selected to the All-Big East Tournament team.

Professional career

Cleveland Cavaliers (2012–2015)

Waiters was selected fourth overall in the 2012 NBA draft by the Cleveland Cavaliers despite choosing not to work out for any teams before the draft. This was a choice he made after receiving a promise from a team in the middle of the lottery that they would draft him if available. Many scouts also found it a surprise that Waiters was drafted so high because he did not start in college and played zone defense at Syracuse.

On January 14, 2013, Waiters scored a career-high 33 points against the Sacramento Kings, doing so on 12-of-18 shooting. Waiters was selected to play in the Rising Stars Challenge game during 2013 NBA All-Star Weekend, along with teammates Kyrie Irving, Tristan Thompson, and Tyler Zeller. Waiters came off the bench to score 23 points for Team Shaq. Throughout his rookie season, Waiters both started and came off the bench for the Cavaliers. He was consistently bothered by a sprained ankle and loose cartilage in his knee, forcing him to miss 21 games over the year.

After his rookie season, Waiters was graded as the fourth-best overall rookie by NBA.com and placed fifth in NBA Rookie of the Year voting with 21 points.

On February 14, 2014, Waiters participated in the BBVA Rising Stars Challenge. He finished the game with 31 points and 7 assists.

On March 18, 2014, Waiters recorded his first career double-double with 17 points and a career-high 11 assists in a loss to the Miami Heat.

On November 5, 2014, Waiters was absent for the U.S. national anthem and was quoted saying that he stayed in the locker room because of his Muslim faith. He later stated that the report about his religious beliefs having anything to do with him skipping the national anthem was entirely false.

Oklahoma City Thunder (2015–2016)
On January 5, 2015, Waiters was traded to the Oklahoma City Thunder from the Cavaliers in a three-team trade that also involved the New York Knicks. Cleveland received Iman Shumpert and J. R. Smith from the Knicks and a first-round pick in the 2015 NBA draft from the Thunder, while Cleveland sent Lou Amundson, Alex Kirk, and a second-round pick in the 2019 NBA draft to the Knicks, and the Thunder sent Lance Thomas to the Knicks. After a poor debut for the Thunder against the Sacramento Kings on January 7 where he scored 4 points on 1-of-9 shooting, he scored 15 points on 7-of-14 shooting two days later to help the Thunder defeat the Utah Jazz, 99–94. On April 15, 2015, in the team's final game of the season, Waiters tied his career-high with 33 points in a 138–113 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves.

Waiters garnered a bench role for the Thunder in 2015–16 under new head coach Billy Donovan. He started in just two games for the team over the first half of the season, playing back up to André Roberson. On November 10, 2015, he scored a season-high 25 points in a 125–101 win over the Washington Wizards. With a knee injury to Roberson in late January, Donovan entrusted Waiters with stepping up to a starting role. On January 26, in his first start since November 22, Waiters scored 14 points in a 128–122 overtime win over the New York Knicks. He returned to the bench on February 24 following Roberson's return from injury. On April 6, he tied his season-high with 25 points in a 120–115 loss to the Portland Trail Blazers. In Game 2 of the Thunder's semi-final series against the San Antonio Spurs, with San Antonio trailing 98–97 with 13.5 seconds remaining and Oklahoma City out of timeouts, Waiters elbowed Spurs guard Manu Ginóbili to get the space needed to inbound the ball. Following the game, Waiters and the referees were highly scrutinized by the public and media personnel.

On June 27, 2016, the Thunder tendered a qualifying offer to make Waiters a restricted free agent. However, on July 18, the Thunder rescinded their qualifying offer, allowing him to become an unrestricted free agent.

Miami Heat (2016–2020)

On July 26, 2016, Waiters signed with the Miami Heat. He made his debut for the Heat in their season opener on October 26 against the Orlando Magic. In 34 minutes as a starter, he recorded nine points, six rebounds and four assists in a 108–96 win. On November 26, he scored a then season-high 28 points in a 110–107 loss to the Memphis Grizzlies. Four days later, he was ruled out for two weeks after an MRI revealed he had suffered a Pectineus tear. He returned to action on January 4, 2017 against the Sacramento Kings after missing 20 straight games. On January 21, he tied a career-high with 33 points in a 109–97 win over the Milwaukee Bucks. Two days later, he made a three-pointer with 0.6 seconds left to cap his second-straight 33-point effort, as he lifted the Heat to a 105–102 win over the Golden State Warriors. He finished the game with six three-pointers on eight attempts. On January 30, 2017, he was named Eastern Conference Player of the Week for games played Monday, January 23 through Sunday, January 29. Waiters led the Heat to a 4–0 week as Miami extended its winning streak to seven games. He averaged 23.3 points (tied for eighth in the East), 5.0 assists and 4.5 rebounds. Waiters missed the final 13 games of the season with an ankle injury, as the Heat missed a playoff spot with a ninth-seed finish and a 41–41 record.

On July 7, 2017, Waiters re-signed with the Heat. On October 30, 2017, he tied his career high with 33 points in a 125–122 overtime loss to the Minnesota Timberwolves. In January 2018, his long-problematic left ankle forced him to the sidelines indefinitely, and on January 22, he underwent successful surgery to repair instability in the left ankle. A preexisting navicular bone fracture was also repaired.

On December 28, 2018, Waiters was sent to Miami's NBA G League affiliate team, the Sioux Falls Skyforce, for a rehabilitation assignment. On January 2, 2019, he made his return for the Heat, scoring seven points in six minutes in a 117–92 win over the Cleveland Cavaliers. It was his first game since December 22, 2017. Far from 100 percent fit, he played the game due to Dwyane Wade being sidelined by a virus. His second game of the season came on January 8, scoring a team-high 15 points in a 103–99 loss to the Denver Nuggets.

On October 19, 2019, Waiters was suspended for Miami's 2019–20 season debut game for "conduct detrimental to the team." On November 8, Waiters missed a game against the Los Angeles Lakers due to a panic attack he experienced while flying to the game. His panic attack stemmed from over-consumption of THC-infused edibles. Two days later, the Heat suspended Waiters for 10 games, including the previous game he missed, for the consumed edible. On December 12, the Heat suspended him again, this time for six games, for calling in to work with an illness, then posting a picture of himself on his Instagram page on a boat celebrating his birthday. On January 24, 2020, Waiters made his season debut scoring 14 points in a 122–117 loss against the Los Angeles Clippers.

On February 6, 2020, Waiters was traded to the Memphis Grizzlies in a three-team trade also involving the Minnesota Timberwolves and three days later, he was waived by the Grizzlies.

Los Angeles Lakers (2020)
On March 6, 2020, Waiters signed with the Los Angeles Lakers. On July 30, 2020, he made his Lakers debut in a 103–101 win against the Los Angeles Clippers, scoring 11 points.

The Lakers went on to make the 2020 NBA Finals, facing the Miami Heat. The Lakers beat the Heat in 6 games to give Waiters his first championship.

On August 8, 2023, the Golden State Warriors held a free agent workout with Waiters.

Hiatus
Waiters' most recent professional stint was in the 2019–20 NBA season, before taking a break for three years. During his hiatus, he suffered depression. On July 13, 2023, he held a private workout in front of NBA scouts at the Victoria Fertitta Middle School, for a chance to re-join the league.

Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Cleveland
| 61 || 48 || 28.8 || .412 || .310 || .746 || 2.4 || 3.0 || 1.0 || .3 || 14.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Cleveland
| 70 || 24 || 29.6 || .433 || .368 || .685 || 2.8 || 3.0 || .9 || .2 || 15.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Cleveland
| 33 || 3 || 23.8 || .404 || .256 || .783 || 1.7 || 2.2 || 1.3 || .3 || 10.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Oklahoma City
| 47 || 20 || 30.3 || .392 || .319 || .625 || 2.9 || 1.9 || 1.0 || .2 || 12.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Oklahoma City
| 78 || 15 || 27.6 || .399 || .358 || .713 || 2.6 || 2.0 || 1.0 || .2 || 9.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| 46 || 43 || 30.1 || .423 || .395 || .646 || 3.3 || 4.3 || .9 || .4 || 15.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| 30 || 30 || 30.6 || .398 || .306 || .739 || 2.6 || 3.8 || .8 || .3 || 14.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| 44 || 28 || 25.9 || .414 || .377 || .500 || 2.6 || 2.8 || .7 || .2 || 12.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| 3 || 0 || 14.0 || .385 || .471 || .000 || 3.7 || 1.0 || .0 || .7 || 9.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"|L.A. Lakers
| 7 || 0 || 23.6 || .425 || .233 || .875 || 1.9 || 2.4 || .6 || .6 || 11.9
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 419 || 211 || 28.2 || .412 || .346 || .694 || 2.6 || 2.8 || .9 || .3 || 13.1

Playoffs

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2016
| style="text-align:left;"|Oklahoma City
| 18 || 0 || 27.3 || .417 || .375 || .667 || 2.6 || 2.3 || .6 || .2 || 8.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|2020†
| style="text-align:left;"|L.A. Lakers
| 5 || 0 || 7.6 || .333 || .000 || 1.000 || .4 || .4 || .2 || .2 || 2.0
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 23 || 0 || 23.0 || .410 || .350 || .688 || 2.1 || 1.9 || .5 || .2 || 7.0

College

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2010–11
| style="text-align:left;"|Syracuse
| 34 || 0 || 16.3 || .411 || .329 || .813 || 1.6 || 1.5 || 1.1 || .1 || 6.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2011–12
| style="text-align:left;"|Syracuse
| 37 || 0 || 24.1 || .476 || .363 || .729 || 2.3 || 2.5 || 1.8 || .3 || 12.6
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 71 || 0 || 20.4 || .453 || .348 || .753 || 1.9 || 2.0 || 1.5 || .2 || 9.7

Awards
 Second-team Parade All-American (2010)
 Jordan Brand All-American (2010)
 Big East Sixth Man of the Year (2012)
 Third-team All-Big East (2012)
 Big East All-Tournament Team (2012)
 NBA Eastern Conference Rookie of the Month (February 2013)
 NBA All-Rookie First Team (2013)
 2× NBA Rising Star (2013, 2014)
 NBA Eastern Conference Player of the Week (January 23–29, 2017)
 NBA Champion (2020)

References

External links

 Syracuse Orange bio

1991 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
African-American Muslims
American men's basketball players
Cleveland Cavaliers draft picks
Cleveland Cavaliers players
Doping cases in basketball
Life Center Academy alumni
Los Angeles Lakers players
Miami Heat players
Oklahoma City Thunder players
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Shooting guards
South Kent School alumni
Syracuse Orange men's basketball players
Basketball players from Philadelphia
21st-century African-American sportspeople

Dion Waiters


Mapfihwa matombo anoshandiswa kugadza poto kana hari pachoto chinobikirwa. Mapfihwa anokwanisa kushandiswa ari matatu kana mana, kuita kuti hari inatse kugara zvakanaka isinga tsedeguke kana kuzodeura zviri mairi.

Tsika

Chigadzamapfihwa zvinoreva mukadzi anogara nhaka yemukoma wake kana tete mushure merufu.

Mitauro yeBantu

Baila vanoti mafua (place for fire, stove, oven).
VaChewa vanoti fua (one of three stones that supports pot on fireplace) kureva pfihwa.
VaDigo vanoti ma-figa (cooking stones), vachireva mapfihwa.

ICARDI MOL

de icardi mol is een uiterst zeldzame porno ster hij eet heel graag zeer grote piemels, hij heeft ook een speciaal wapen: zijn 16,345 meter lange lul. hij penetreert dagelijks tot 16 vrouwen. hij houd er heel erg van om cocaine te snuiven.LE ICARDI MOL.

iyo icardi mole ndeye isingawanzo kujairika zvinonyadzisira nyeredzi anoda kudya majongwe akakura kwazvo, anewo chombo chakakosha: jongwe rake remamita 16,345. anopinda kusvika kuvakadzi gumi nevatanhatu pazuva. anofarira chaizvo kusveta cocaine.

Mauro Icardi is an Argentine professional footballer who currently plays as a striker for Paris Saint-Germain and the Argentine national team. Icardi was born on February 19, 1993, in Rosario, Argentina. He started his football career at a young age and quickly developed a reputation as a prolific goalscorer. In this essay, we will explore Icardi's life, career, achievements, and impact on the football world.

Icardi began his youth career in football with Vecindario and later joined the youth academy of Barcelona. However, he was released by the club after a year and returned to Argentina. He then joined the youth academy of Rosario Central, where he made his professional debut in 2012. In his debut season, he scored ten goals in 22 appearances and helped his team finish second in the Argentine Primera Division.

In 2013, Icardi joined Sampdoria, an Italian Serie A club, where he scored ten goals in 31 appearances in his debut season. He continued to impress in his second season, scoring seven goals in 15 appearances before being signed by Inter Milan in 2014. Icardi spent six seasons at Inter Milan, scoring 124 goals in 219 appearances, and captaining the team from 2015 until his departure in 2020.

During his time at Inter Milan, Icardi won several individual awards, including the Capocannoniere (Serie A top scorer) in the 2014-15 season, and was named in the Serie A Team of the Year in 2018. He was also a key player in the team that finished second in the Serie A in the 2017-18 season, and won the Coppa Italia in the 2020-21 season.

Icardi's success at Inter Milan earned him a move to Paris Saint-Germain in 2020, where he has continued to impress. In his first season, he scored 13 goals in 32 appearances, helping his team win the Ligue 1 title. Icardi has also represented the Argentine national team since 2013, scoring 11 goals in 34 appearances.

Icardi is known for his clinical finishing, intelligent movement, and ability to score goals from difficult angles. He is also a hard-working and dedicated player who always gives his best on the field. His leadership qualities are evident from his captaincy of Inter Milan, and he has also shown a willingness to sacrifice personal glory for the good of the team.

In conclusion, Mauro Icardi is a talented and successful footballer who has made a significant impact on the football world. He has proven himself as one of the best strikers in Europe, and his goalscoring record speaks for itself. His leadership and dedication have made him a valuable asset to every team he has played for, and his contribution to the sport is undeniable. As he continues to play for Paris Saint-Germain and the Argentine national team, football fans around the world will undoubtedly look forward to seeing him play and continue to make a mark on the beautiful game.
Kubika kweZimbabwe

Mapfihwa


is a Japanese former baseball pitcher.

Yabuta made his professional debut with the Marines in 1996, and spent 12 years with the organization. He competed in the 2006 World Baseball Classic and struck out Alex Rodriguez, Johnny Damon, and Derrek Lee. He served as a setup man for the Marines in 2007 recording a 4–6 record with a 2.73 ERA in 58 games. After the season, he declared his free agency and came to America to pursue a Major League Baseball career. On November 22, 2007, the Kansas City Star reported that the Kansas City Royals agreed with Yabuta on a two-year contract with a club option for 2010.

Yabuta officially signed with the Royals on November 28, 2007. He signed a two-year, $6 million deal with the Kansas City Royals. The deal included a $4 million club option for a third year. Yabuta was sent down to Triple-A Omaha Royals on June 25, 2008. He was designated for assignment on August 2 and was eventually sent outright to the minors. He was brought back to the Royals when the rosters expanded on September 1.

His teammates on the Royals have given him the nickname "Shake."

On November 24, 2009, he signed a one-year deal with his old team Chiba Lotte, and he has remained with the team since.

References

External links

 Yasuhiko Yabuta Official Web Site
Japanese league stats and info of Yasuhiko Yabuta

1973 births
2006 World Baseball Classic players
Chiba Lotte Marines players
Japanese expatriate baseball players in the United States
Kansas City Royals players
Living people
Major League Baseball players from Japan
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Omaha Royals players
People from Kishiwada, Osaka
Baseball people from Osaka Prefecture

Yasuhiko Yabuta


Ultima: Worlds of Adventure 2: Martian Dreams is a role-playing video game, part of the Ultima series, published in 1991, and re-released for Windows and Mac OS via GOG.com in 2012.  It uses the same engine as Ultima VI: The False Prophet, as did Worlds of Ultima: The Savage Empire.

Story
After the events in the Worlds of Ultima: The Savage Empire, the Avatar is visited by a strange red-haired woman who gives a book to him and his friend Dr. Spector. The book will be written by Spector himself, and explains how to use the Orb of the Moons to travel through time. Following instructions, the duo ends up in the Victorian Era, where Percival Lowell has set up a space cannon that will launch some volunteers to Mars.

Through an act of sabotage, the cannon is fired during the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, with several dozen famous people and leaders of the time on board. A second cannon is prepared to find and recover the people in the first, who are stranded on Mars.

It turns out that Mars had an extensive civilization based on plants. Most monsters the player encounters are so-called "plantimals", such as the Jumping Bean and the Planther. Mars has cities and canals, although the civilization is in ruins, so the player's first tasks are restoring the world power station, and melting enough of the polar caps (with a solar lens) to fill the canals.

Some of the people appear to have gone insane after using a device called the Dream Machine. What in fact happened was that, after massive soil poisoning, the original Martians had gone into a sort of alternate dimension called "dreamspace" to preserve themselves. Those people using the Dream Machine found themselves trapped in dreamspace, while the Martians took over their bodies. A large part of the game is spent visiting various people's nightmares and clearing them up.

Eventually, robotic bodies can be created for the Martians, since their plantamal bodies will not grow. After a showdown with the evil Raxachk, who caused the soil pollution in the first place, all Victorians can once more go home.

Reception
Computer Gaming Worlds Scorpia in 1991 liked Martian Dreamss Victorian setting, but criticized travel as "tedious". The magazine stated that the game was really an adventure pretending to be an RPG, with combat almost completely disassociated from the story, and concluded that it would most appeal to those who prefer other activities to fighting. Peter Olafson was more positive, calling it "an epic adventure ... that has all the depth and complexity of the Ultima series" while accessible to new adventurers. A review by Scorpia in 1993 was also positive, approving of the storyline. She concluded that "the game requires patience and careful attention to detail, but is otherwise enjoyable".

References

External links

GOG.com now offers an official free download of this game

Role-playing video games
DOS games
Classic Mac OS games
Single-player video games
Steampunk video games
Worlds of Adventure 2: Martian Dreams
Video game sequels
Video games with gender-selectable protagonists
Video games set on Mars
Video games with oblique graphics
Windows games
1991 video games
Games commercially released with DOSBox
Cultural depictions of Calamity Jane
Cultural depictions of Grigori Rasputin
Cultural depictions of Sigmund Freud
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Dana Karl Glover
Video games scored by George Sanger
Video games produced by Warren Spector


Laura Mercier Cosmetics is a French and American cosmetics and skin care line that was founded in 1996 by celebrity makeup artist Laura Mercier.

Founder
Mercier  teamed up with Janet Gurwitch in 1996 to launch the cosmetics line.Laura Mercier remains active in the brand, deeply involved in the product development and creative direction of the brand.

Products
From the outset, Laura Mercier Cosmetic's goal was to offer "high-quality, natural-looking makeup products for all skin tones and types", according to the Wall Street Journal. The brand became known for its focus on products to create what it calls the "flawless face", a concept derived from Mercier's reputation for promoting naturalistic makeup. In 2012, it became the official cosmetics brand of the second season of Project Runway All Stars.

References

External links
 Laura Mercier Cosmetics

Cosmetics brands
Cosmetics companies of France

Laura Mercier Cosmetics


Dalam ilmu politik, diplomasi segitiga adalah sebuah kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat, yang dikembangkan pada Perang Vietnam (1955-1975) oleh Henry Kissinger, sebagai alat untuk menjalin hubungan antar negara-negara komunis yang berseteru, Uni Soviet dan Tiongkok. Kebijakan tersebut ditujukan untuk memanfaatkan persaingan antar dua kekuatan Komunis tersebut (setelah perpecahan Tiongkok-Soviet (1956-1966)), sebagai alat untuk memperkuat kepentingan diplomatik dan hegemoni Amerika Serikat.

Referensi

Situs web

 "China, Russia to honor commitments on oil pipeline". China Daily. 2003. Retrieved from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2003-11/18/content_282626.htm
 "China terms defence minister's India visit a success." The Times of India. 2012. Retrieved from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/China-terms-defence-ministers-India-visit-a-success/articleshow/16281724.cms?referral=PM
 "India 'lynchpin' for US strategy in Asia: Panetta." The Express Tribune. 2012. Retrieved from https://tribune.com.pk/story/390176/india-lynchpin-for-us-strategy-in-asia-panetta/
 "Putin: oil pipeline will serve China first". China Daily. 2005. Retrieved from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-09/08/content_476125.htm
 "Triangular Diplomacy". The New York Times. 2001. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/18/opinion/triangular-diplomacy.html
 Kuo, Kendrick (2013). "Nixon's Opening to China: The Misleading Apotheosis of Triangular Diplomacy". E-International Relations Students. Retrieved from https://www.e-ir.info/2013/06/28/nixons-opening-to-china-the-misleading-apotheosis-of-triangular-diplomacy/
 Kuo, Raymond (2017). "Can Trumpian Triangular Diplomacy Work?". The Diplomat. Retrieved from https://thediplomat.com/2017/01/can-trumpian-triangular-diplomacy-work/
 Lukacsova, V. (2009). Kissinger's Triangular Diplomacy. [online] Available at: https://old.bisla.sk/sk/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lukacsova_Veronika-Bakalarska-praca.pdf
 Mohan, C. Raja (2012). "The New Triangular Diplomacy: India, China and America at Sea". The Diplomat. Retrieved from https://thediplomat.com/2012/11/the-new-triangular-diplomacy-india-china-and-america-on-the-high-seas/3/
 Sempa, Francis (2016). "Is Kissinger's Triangular Diplomacy the answer to Sino Russian Rapprochement?". The Diplomat. Retrieved from https://thediplomat.com/2016/08/is-kissingers-triangular-diplomacy-the-answer-to-sino-russian-rapprochement/
 Thiessen, Marc (2016). "Trump's Taiwan call wasn't a blunder. It was brilliant". The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trumps-taiwan-call-wasnt-a-blunder-it-was-brilliant/2016/12/05/d10169a2-bb00-11e6-ac85-094a21c44abc_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.2ced820a3037

Buku

 Aron, R. (1966). Peace and War. New York: Doubleday
 Birchfield, Vicki; Young, Alisdair (2018). Triangular diplomacy among the United States, the European Union, and the Russian Federation: Responses to the Crisis in Ukraine. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG.
 Dunne, T., & Schmidt, B. C. (2014). Realism. In S. Baylis & Owens (Eds.), The globalization of world politics: an introduction to international relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
 Garthoff, Raymond (1994). Détente and Confrontation. Washington: Brookings.
 Kegley, Charles; Wittkopf, Eugene (2005). World Politics: Trend and Transformation. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's.
 Kissinger, Henry (1979). The White House Years. Sydney: Hodder and Stoughton.
 Mohan, C. Raja (2012). Samudra Manthan Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific. Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
 Morales, Gilbert (2005). Critical Perspectives on the Vietnam War. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group.
 Waltz, Kenneth (2008). Realism and International Politics. New York: Routledge.
 Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Jurnal

 Hanhimaki, Jussi (2003). "Selling the 'Decent interval': Kissinger, triangular diplomacy, and the end of the Vietnam war, 1971-73". Diplomacy and Statecraft. 14:1, 159-194.
 Keohane, Robert (2012). "Twenty Years of Institutional Liberalism". International Relations. 26(2): 125–138.
 Wohlforth, W., Little, R., & Kaufman, S. (2007). Testing Balance-of-Power Theory in World History. European Journal of International Relations, 13(2), 155-185. doi: 10.1177/1354066107076951

Bacaan tambahan

 Ngoei, W (2017). A wide anticommunist Arc": Britain, ASEAN, and Nixon's triangular diplomacy. Diplomatic History, 41(5). Within this work, Cold War historian Ngoei employs his specialised analysis of US-SE Asian foreign relations in order to confirm the successes of triangular diplomacy in cementing US hegemony over Indochina. By challenging the predominately Americentric accounts of Cold War foreign policy, Ngoei examines the methods through which ideological prejudice engendered the success of Kissinger's policies, against the repercussions of this policy under modern American administration.
 Birchfield, V., & Young, A. (2018). Triangular Diplomacy among the United States, the European Union, and the Russian Federation Responses to the Crisis in Ukraine. Cham: Springer International Publishing. By examining the current Ukraine crisis through the prism of triangular diplomacy, Young and Birchfield analyse the developments of the policy during the post-Cold War era, particularly concerning the rise of the EU to international authority. The amalgamation of their methodology and reputability delegates credibility to their account, and positions it as paramount to a study of the modern developments of triangular diplomacy, through their panoramic perspective of transnational relations.
 Doyle, R. (2014). The geopolitical power shift in the Indo-Pacific region : America, Australia, China, and triangular diplomacy in the twenty-first century . Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. As a trained historian, Doyle analyses the decline in US international authority against the modern developments of triangular diplomacy, as a result of a post-Cold War power shift in the Indo-Pacific geopolitical region. His authoritative methodology manifests a highly credible account on these changes within the nature of triangular diplomacy, and the epochal international policy developing within the Indo-Pacific theatre as a result of the declining authority of the US.
 Hanhimaki, J. (2003). Selling the "Decent interval": Kissinger, triangular diplomacy, and the end of the Vietnam war, 1971-73. Diplomacy & Statecraft, 14(1), 159–194. As a leading historian on Cold War international relations, Hanhimaki's comprehensive account of triangular diplomacy allows for a multifaceted insight into Kissinger's motivations behind the policy. His interdisciplinary methodology, in addition to the credibility gained through publication in the Diplomacy & Statecraft journal, sets Hanhimaki's work as invaluable to a study of triangular diplomacy, through his fresh insights into Kissinger's subsequent provocation of Sino-Soviet competition in Indochina.
 Daum, A., Gardner, L., & Mausbach, W. (2003). America, the Vietnam War, and the world : comparative and international perspectives . Washington, D.C: German Historical Institute. In this work, renowned theorists; Daum, Gardner and Mausbach analyse the global repercussions of triangular diplomacy during the Vietnam War, with a salient focus on its socio-political, economic, cultural and intellectual consequences. By analysing the policy against subsequent cold war conflicts, this account resides as a staple within a disciplinary analysis of Vietnam war foreign policy, and thus to a study of triangular diplomacy.

Perang Dingin

Diplomasi segitiga


The adversarial system or adversary system is a legal system used in the common law countries. It is a system where two advocates represent their parties' positions before an impartial person or group of people. This is usually a jury or judge who attempt to determine the truth of the case. It is in contrast to the inquisitorial system used in some civil law systems (i.e. those deriving from Roman law or the Napoleonic code). This is where a judge or group of judges opens an official inquiry and decides the case.

The adversarial system is the two-part system under which criminal law courts operate. On one side is the prosecution who usually represents the government. The other side is the defense who represents the defendant. Each party may call witnesses and ask questions. Each party may present evidence based on legal ethics and that is approved by the court. For example, legal ethics prevent a lawyer from calling a witness they know will lie on the witness stand. Justice is served when the most effective adversary is able to convince the jury or judge that his or her case is the correct one.

References

Courts (law)

Adversarial system