Edward II (16 February 962 — 18 March 978) known in the Catholic Church, Church of England, Eastern Orthodox Church, and Anglican Communion as Saint Edward the Passion-Bearer and nicknamed the Martyr, the Saint, the Religious, the Pious, and the Wise was the King of England from 975 until he was murdered in 978. He was a very successful king.

During his reign, there were disputes between Edward and his younger half-brother, Athelred as the supports of Athelred thought that the king was illegitimate. Despite this however, Edward helped the country. He was generous to the poor and was very religious and pious. Edward loved peace was a very close to God. In 978, while riding a horse, Edward was given a glass of water by Ælfthryth, the mother of Athelred. After he drinked it, he was stabbed by one of Athelred's supporters. Athelred, then only ten years old became king.

Because of how great, pious and religious Edward was, he was canonized by Pope Benedict VII on 3 July 978, four months after he was stabbed. His tomb is in Brookwood Cemetery and he is seen by historians as a great, pious and religious king. Edward was the first out of the five English monarchs to be canonized as a saint.

Motive and details of his murder
Edward's stepmother, Queen Elfrida was against his accession to the throne as she wished her son, Ethelred, to become king instead. However, Edward was supported by more people - including St Dunstan - and was confirmed by the Witan.

King Edward was said to be "a young man of great devotion and excellent conduct. He was completely Orthodox, good and of holy life. Moreover, he loved above all things God and the Church. He was generous to the poor, a haven to the good, a champion of the Faith of Christ, a vessel full of every virtuous grace."

On King Edward's accession to the throne, there was a great famine in the land and violent attacks were stirred up against monasteries by a prominent noblemen who wanted the lands which his father King Edgar had endowed to them. Many of these monasteries were destroyed, and the monks forced to flee. However, the King stood firm together with archbishop Dunstan to defend the Church and the monasteries. For this, some of the nobles decided to remove him and replace him with his younger brother Ethelred.

On March 18 978, the king was hunting with dogs and horsemen near Wareham in Dorset. Then he decided to visit his young brother Ethelred who was being brought up in the house of his mother Elfrida at Corfe Castle, near Wareham. He arrived alone at the castle. When still on his horse Elfrida offered Edward a glass of mead, and when he was drinking it, he was stabbed in the back by one of the queen's party. Ethelred himself was then only ten years old, so was not responsible for the murder. An other tale comes from Henry of Huntingdon who tells that Elfrida herself committed the murder:

"Edward was treasonably slain by his own family... it is reported that his stepmother, that is the mother of King Ethelred, stabbed him with a dagger while she was in the act of offering him a cup to drink."

Genealogy

History of his relics
The story of the relics of St Edward began at the moment of his death (martyrdom). Immediately following the murder, the body of the murdered king slipped from the saddle of his horse and was dragged with one foot in the stirrup until it fell into a stream at the base of the hill upon which Corfe Castle stands (From that time people thought that the stream had healing properties - particularly for the blind). The queen then ordered that the body be quickly hidden in a hut nearby. Within the hut however, there lived a woman blind from birth whom the queen supported out of charity. During the night, a wonderful light appeared and filled the whole hut and struck with awe, the woman cried out: "Lord, have mercy!" and suddenly received her sight. At this she discovered the dead body of the king. The church of St. Edward at Corfe Castle now stands on the site of this miracle. At dawn the queen learned of the miracle and was troubled and again ordered the disposal of the body, this time by burying it in a marshy place near Wareham. But a year after the murder a column of fire was seen over the place where the body was hidden, lighting up the whole area. This was seen by some of the inhabitants of Wareham, who raised the body. Immediately a clear spring of healing water sprang up in that place. Accompanied by what was now a huge crowd of mourners, the body was taken to the church of the Most Holy Mother of God in Wareham and buried at the east end of the church. This took place on February 13 980.

Because of a series of following miracles, the relics were brought to the abbey at Shaftesbury. When the relics were taken up from the grave, they were found to be whole and not destroyed. The transport of the relics was done in a great  procession on February 13 981 and arrived at Shaftesbury seven days later. There the relics were received by the nuns of Shaftesbury Abbey and were buried with full royal honours on the north side of the altar. On the way from Wareham to Shaftesbury, a further miracle had also taken place; two crippled men were brought close to the bier and those carrying it lowered the body to their level, and the cripples regained full health at once. (This procession and these events were re-enacted 1000 years later in 1981). In 1001, the tomb in which the saint lay was said regularly to rise from the ground. King Ethelred was filled with joy at this and instructed the bishops to raise his brother's tomb from the ground and place it into a more fitting place. As the tomb was opened a wonderful fragrance issued from it - such that all present "thought that they were standing in Paradise". The bishops then took away the sacred relics from the tomb, and placed them in a casket in the holy place of the Saints together with other holy relics. This elevation of the relics of St. Edward took place on June 20 1001.

St. Edward was officially glorified by the All-English Council of 1008, presided over by St. Alphege, archbishop of Canterbury (who was later also martyred by the Danes in 1012). King Ethelred ordered that the saint's three feast days (March 18, February 13, and June 20) should be celebrated throughout England. Shaftesbury Abbey was rededicated to the Mother of God and St. Edward. Shaftesbury was apparently renamed "Edwardstowe", only reverting to its original name after the Reformation. Many miracles were recorded at the tomb of St. Edward, including the healing of lepers and the blind.

During the sixteenth century, under King Henry VIII, monasteries were dissolved and many holy places were demolished, but St. Edward's remains were hidden so as to avoid desecration. In 1931, the relics were recovered by Mr. Wilson-Claridge during an archaeological excavation; their identity was confirmed by Dr. T.E.A. Stowell, an osteologist. In 1970, tests performed on the relics suggested that the young man had been knifed in the back whilst riding his horse and had then been dragged along the ground by the terrified animal with his foot caught in a stirrup. In about 1982, Mr. Wilson-Claridge donated the relics to the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, which placed them in a church in Brookwood Cemetery, in Woking, Surrey. The St. Edward Brotherhood of monks was organized there as well. The church is now named St Edward the Martyr Orthodox Church. Orthodox Christians recognize Edward and other Westerners whose sainthood was declared before the formal split between Orthodox and Catholics in the 11th century.

Other websites
 Edward the Martyr at Find A Grave

960s births
970s deaths
House of Wessex

Edward the Martyr


Deborah Matilda Douw (1835-1911) funded and took part in missionary work in China.  In 1900 she was caught up in the Boxer Rebellion.

Douw was born on April 19, 1835, the eldest of eight children.  Her family home was Wolvenhoeck, Greenbush on the east bank of the Hudson.  By intermarriage she was related to many of the old and influential families including: Van Rensselaer, Beekman, Ten Broeck, De Peyster, Van Cortlandt and Livingston.

In 1869 Douw made her first visit to China on behalf of the Woman's Union Missionary Society of America for Heathen Lands (WUMS).   She went to Beijing with two other women, Mrs Catherine Bonney and Miss Emily Adams, to open a boarding school for girls.  In 1881 the mission was moved to Shanghai at which time a day-school was added to the facility.  WUMS was one of the first organisations to permit single women to carry out this type of missionary work.  They played an important role, working with women in situations where the presence of male missionaries would be inappropriate or forbidden.  Some years later Douw funded the building of a female pavilion at the Pekin Presbyterian Hospital and paid for the attendance of a female doctor for this same reason.  The hospital was run by Boudinot Currie Atterbury, a Presbyterian doctor from a wealthy family in America.  Douw, was related to Atterbury via the Van Rensselaer family and she became one of his largest sponsors.

Douw returned several times to China to continue her work.  She set up a fund with the Woman's Union Missionary Society of America for evangelistic work in Shanghai called the Douw Foundation.  This supported two missionaries, a bible school and women teachers. She also funded her own Christian Alliance Mission in Beijing.  In 1900 she was at the mission during the Boxer Rebellion when she and other missionaries were trapped in the foreign Legations.  They were eventually rescued by a combined international force of troops and she returned to America, but never fully recovered from this experience and died in 1911.

Notes

References

1835 births
1911 deaths
American people of Dutch descent
American Protestant missionaries
Female Christian missionaries
American expatriates in China
De Peyster family
Van Rensselaer family
Protestant missionaries in China

Deborah Matilda Douw


Donald J. Kennedy (March 2, 1930 – June 29, 2023) was an American radio and television personality and voice talent, whose career began in the late 1940s with a radio announcer spot on Pennsylvania station WPIC.

Career
In the mid-1950s, Kennedy was a contributor to the NBC Radio Network weekend show Monitor, where he developed several features, including one about a local character known as the Goat Man.

Kennedy is remembered as Officer Don, the host of the long-running Atlanta children's TV show The Popeye Club. It was seen on Channel 2, WSB-TV, from 1956 to 1970. During his time at the Popeye Club, Kennedy established 96.1 WKLS (now WWPW), an Atlanta radio station, serving as station president and general manager. The "K" in the call sign was for his last name.

Kennedy later did television voicework, playing Tansit in Space Ghost Coast to Coast, and several characters on The Brak Show and Aqua Teen Hunger Force. In 1986, he began hosting Big Band Jump, an internationally syndicated radio show devoted to music from the Big Band era. He later added a second syndicated program, the Don Kennedy Show, that featured general pop vocals and instrumentals from the 1940s through the 1970s, as well as modern renditions from the Great American Songbook. He was also the voice of a kiddie ride based on Superman: The Animated Series made by British manufacturer Jolly Roger, providing a newly-recorded version of the classic Superman radio show's introductory narration.

Kennedy was the recipient of several awards including the Silver Circle Award, two Emmys, awards from the Pioneer Broadcasters and Georgia Broadcasters Halls of Fame, and honorary membership in the Di Gamma Kappa Broadcast Fraternity at the University of Georgia. Kennedy supported several causes, including serving as president of the Georgia Chapter of Muscular Dystrophy, treasurer of the Atlanta Humane Society, board member of the Atlanta chapter of the American Cancer Society, and volunteering as a reader for the Georgia Radio Reading Service for the Blind.

During the summer of 2013, Don Kennedy announced that he would be retiring from radio, ending his work on the syndicated Big Band Jump and Don Kennedy Show. The final broadcasts of both programs took place on the weekend of September 28–29, 2013.

Television character actor Don Kennedy (also known as Derrick Slaugenhaupt, born 1921) is often confused with radio personality Don Kennedy. Their information and credits are intertwined on the Internet Movie Database. The character actor appeared in many television shows in the 1950s and 1960s such as The Rifleman.

Death
Kennedy died in Atlanta, Georgia on June 29, 2023, at the age of 93. His daughter Rebecca Maple reported that he had been suffering from dementia following a stroke in 2015.

Partial filmography
 Aqua Teen Hunger Force (various episodes, 2001–2010) (TV) as Assisted Living Dracula, Vegetable Man & Rubberman (Lance Potter)
 The Brak Show (2001–2003) (TV) as Morlun, Poppy
 Space Ghost Coast to Coast (various episodes, 1994–1999) (TV) as Tansit, Bill Manspeaker
 Acme Radio Hour (1995) (TV)

References

External links

1930 births
2023 deaths
American male voice actors
American radio personalities
People from Beaver, Pennsylvania

Don Kennedy


Ivan Petrovich Martos (; ; 1754 — 5 April 1835)  was Ukrainian and Russian sculptor and art teacher who helped awaken Russian interest in Neoclassical sculpture.

Biography
Martos was born between Chernihiv and Poltava in city of Ichnia and enrolled at the Imperial Academy of Arts between 1764 and 1773. He was then sent to further his education with Pompeo Batoni and Anton Raphael Mengs in Rome. Upon his return to Russia in 1779, Martos started to propagate the ideas of Neoclassicism. He executed a large number of marble tombs, which are often regarded as the finest in the history of Russian art.

Enjoying the patronage of the Russian royalty, Martos held a professorship at the Imperial Academy of Arts since 1779 and became its dean in 1814. His main claim to fame is the Monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square, conceived in 1804 but not inaugurated until 1818. Owing to the many years he spent on this one work, Martos did not produce much other sculpture in the period.  He died at St Petersburg.

His later outdoor sculptures - those of Duke de Richelieu above the Potemkin Stairs in Odessa, Prince Potemkin in Kherson, Alexander I in Taganrog, and Mikhail Lomonosov in Kholmogory - became the symbols of those towns, although modern art critics often compare them unfavorably with his earlier, less bombastic works.

During the Soviet dictatorship Martos's memorial statues - including those of Nikita Panin and his family - were snatched from the cemeteries to be exhibited in the newly set up museums, while his colossal bronze statue of Catherine II, unveiled at the top of the Moscow Nobility Column Hall in 1812, was destroyed altogether.

Selected works

External links

19th-century sculptors from the Russian Empire
19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire
20th-century Russian sculptors
20th-century Russian male artists
Russian male sculptors
Russian people of Ukrainian descent
Neoclassical sculptors
1754 births
1835 deaths
People from Chernihiv Oblast
People from the Cossack Hetmanate
People from Kiev Governorate (1708–1764)
Burials at Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)
Ukrainian male sculptors

Ivan Martos


Lo Zoo di 105 () is a radio program created by the Italian radio host Marco Mazzoli and broadcast on Radio 105 Network. The program is based on numerous impersonation of famous people and popular films and TV shows, prank calls and Dirty talk. The show was interrupted many times due to numerous complaints and the last time due to alleged "political pressure", later revealed false. According to an Il Sole 24 Ore survey, in 2004 was the most appreciated radio show from an audience between 12 and 29 years of age. In the spring of 2004, the Italian showgirl Elisabetta Canalis took part in several episodes of the radio broadcast. On 17 December 2009, the American actor Benjamin McKenzie and on 6 June 2014 David Hasselhoff, have participated in Lo Zoo di 105 as guest stars. In 2010 Lo Zoo di 105 started airing the longest prank call ever, named Alan in love. In this prank, Alan Caligiuri (a former host of the show) called several elderly people from all around Italy searching for love and he eventually found one. The prank is still ongoing.
In March 2016 was released a movie about the story of the show: "On Air - Storia di un successo"

References

Italian radio programs

External links
 Official Website
 Podcasting
 Lo Zoo di 105 on YouTube

Lo Zoo di 105


ModiLuft was a private airline based in Delhi, India. It operated on domestic routes until it shut down in 1996. It maintained high standards in flight safety, ground maintenance, and on-time performance owing to support from Lufthansa. ModiLuft's aircraft were configured in First, Business and Economy Class, making it the only private airline in India during its time to fly a three class configuration on domestic routes. It used Boeing 737-200 aircraft leased from Lufthansa and had an incident-free track record of flying.

History

ModiLuft was among the first of India's first post-deregulation airlines, launched in April 1993 by the Indian industrialist S. K. Modi, in technical partnership with the German flag carrier Lufthansa. The German airline provided pilots and trained ModiLuft's Indian staff including pilots, cabin crew, mechanics, and city and ground passenger handling staff. Lufthansa Technik provided maintenance, overhaul, and spares support. The airline project, started in February 1993 by Modi, Ashutosh Dayal Sharma, Yash Kohli, and Kanwar K. S. Jamwal, first flew from New Delhi to Mumbai on 5 May 1993. The airline commenced operations within three months of its conception. Kanwar K. S. Jamwal, General Manager Projects, was responsible for setting up the airline and its operations and put together a team of Indian and German engineers and pilots. Capt. R L. Kapur was the Managing Director, and Wing. Cdr. S. Raj (Retd.) Capt. Manoj Airon along with a team of able airline experts, R. K. Anand and Kavita Batra, helped in meeting the aviation industry standards and in conforming to the Indian Aircraft Rules set by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation. The first two batches of the cabin crew were trained at Lufthansa's flight crew training facility at Frankfurt. Modiluft was the only airline to achieve an average aircraft utilisation of a minimum 12 hours per day and an on-time departure CSAT score of 98.8% in India.

The two companies  parted ways after the Indian partner accused Lufthansa of not abiding by its funding commitment. In turn, the German airline alleged that ModiLuft had defaulted on lease payments for the four Lufthansa aircraft. The relationship between the two parties soured in mid-1996 after Modi began putting pressure on Lufthansa to take a stake of up to 40 per cent in the Indian carrier.
In May 1996, Lufthansa announced that they had decided to terminate their agreement with ModiLuft. The aircraft belonging to Lufthansa were grounded due to the litigation and ModiLuft acquired Boeing 737-400 aircraft from Air UK as replacements. The future of ModiLuft, however, was already sealed and the airline ceased operations in 1996.

ModiLuft eventually returned Lufthansa's aircraft by 30 September 1997 as part of an out-of-court settlement. The airline ownership changed hands due to lack of funds and was renamed Royal Airways, an airline that never got off the ground. ModiLuft's Air operator's certificate (AOC) had not lapsed and was eventually used by a different set of promoters for the Low-cost carrier SpiceJet.

Destinations

Delhi (Indira Gandhi International Airport), hub
Jammu (Jammu Airport)
Leh (Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport)
Srinagar (Srinagar Airport)
Mumbai (Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport)
Bengaluru (HAL Bangalore International Airport)
Hyderabad (Begumpet Airport)

Historical fleet
4 Boeing 737-201
2 Boeing 737-400
1 Boeing 727-200

References

External links

Fleet information

Defunct airlines of India
Airlines established in 1993
Airlines disestablished in 1996
Indian companies disestablished in 1996
Indian companies established in 1993
Modi Enterprises
1993 establishments in Delhi
Companies based in Delhi

ModiLuft


Baba ben Buta () was a Jewish sage who lived at the time of Herod the Great, who is mentioned in the Talmud.

Biography
He may have been a member of the prominent family known as The Sons of Baba ("Bnei Baba"), who, at the time of the siege of Jerusalem by Herod (37 BC), resisted its surrender, and whom Costobarus protected from the wrath of Herod for twelve years, until they were discovered and put to death.

Baba ben Buta is also the subject of several traditions which are found in the Babylonian Talmud. While Baba ben Buta supposedly lived in the 1st century, the extensive traditions about him come from the 4th to the 8th centuries, when this Talmud was composed and redacted.

According to a tradition preserved in the Babylonian Talmud, Baba ben Buta was the only teacher of the Law who was spared by Herod. According to this tradition it was Baba ben Buta, deprived of his eyesight by Herod, who advised Herod to rebuild the Temple in expiation of his great crimes. The following conversation between the king and the blind teacher, with its aggadic embellishments, forms the principal part of this tradition, and is considered likely to have some historical foundation:

"One day Herod came to visit the blind teacher and, sitting down before him, said, 'See how this wicked slave [Herod] acts.' Said he [Baba] to him, 'What can I do to him?' Said he, 'Curse him, sir.' Said he, 'It is written, "Curse not the king; no, not in thy thought."' 'But,' said Herod, 'he is no king.' Upon which Baba said, 'Let him be only a man of wealth, it is written (ib.), "And curse not the rich in thy bedchamber"; or let him be merely a chief, it is written, "Curse not a ruler of thy people."' 'But,' said Herod, 'this is interpreted to mean a ruler that acts according to the customs of thy people; but that man [Herod] does not act according to the customs of thy people.' Said he, 'I am afraid of him,' to which Herod replied, 'There is no man here to go and tell him; for I and thou sit here alone.' Said he, 'It is written (Ecclesiastes l.c.), "For a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter."'

"Herod now disclosed himself, and said, 'Had I known that the rabbis were so discreet, I should not have put them to death. What, now, can a man like me do to repair this wrong?' 'He,' said Baba, 'has extinguished the light of the world [put to death the teachers], as it is written (Prov. vi. 23), "For the commandment is a lamp; and the Law is light"; let him busy himself with the light of the world [the Temple], of which it is written (Isa. ii. 2), "All nations shall flow unto it"' [a play on nahar, which also means "light"]. Said Herod, 'I am afraid of the [Roman] government.' To which Baba replied, 'Send a messenger; he will be one year in going to Rome, will be detained there one year, and make his home voyage in one year, and in the meanwhile thou shalt have torn down and built'; and Herod did accordingly."

Teachings
In halachic tradition, Baba ben Buta is recorded as a disciple of Shammai. It is said that he prevented an opinion of Shammai concerning a question of laying one's full body-weight upon animal sacrifices (prior to their slaughter) from becoming a rule of law, because he was convinced of the correctness of Hillel's opinion who permitted the practice. Baba is reported to have been so scrupulous in his religious observances that he brought a free-will offering every day, for fear that he might have committed a sin requiring atonement. These sacrifices were called "sin-offerings of the pious". Baba was a member of the beit din, and some sources state that he always saw that justice was done, particularly to women.

References

 It has the following bibliography:
Grätz, Geschichte der Juden, 2d ed., iii. 166, 208
Weiss, Dor, i. 177 et seq.J. Sr. W. B.

Mishnah rabbis
1st-century BCE rabbis
Year of death unknown
Year of birth unknown

Baba ben Buta


Feštetić Castle ( or ) is a castle in Pribislavec, a village next to the town of Čakovec, northern Croatia.

It was built most probably in the 16th century and owned by the members of the Zrinski family (count Adam Zrinski) almost till the end of the 17th century. The name of the castle comes from the Croatian-Hungarian Feštetić family, who possessed it from 1791 until 1923.

Before its reconstruction in 1870, ordered by count György Festetics, the castle was surrounded by a park and a lovely garden with a chapel in it. The reconstruction gave it the neogothic look, especially marked by a tower (steeple) on the southeastern side, bay windows, garlands and door and window jambs.

Although having been devastated and ablazed for several times during the wars in the past centuries, this building structure, considered by many as the most beautiful and most romantic castle in Međimurje County, was always renewed. It now functions as a local primary school.

External links

 Feštetić Castle among the eleven stunning castles in Croatia
 The Castle functions as a local primary school
 Castles and mansions in Međimurje County
 Feštetić Castle - southern side
 Feštetić Castle - eastern side
 Current Renewal of the Feštetić Castle

Castles in Croatia
Buildings and structures in Međimurje County
Tourist attractions in Međimurje County
History of Međimurje

Feštetić Castle


Gerardo Romano (born 6 July 1946) is an Argentine actor who has made some 45 appearances in mainstream film and television in Argentina since 1979.  He is widely regarded as one of Argentina's leading actors.

Romano has mostly appeared on famous television series in Argentina since 1979 making his acting debut in El Fausto criollo, although he has acted in a number of films such as the 1988 Victor Dinenzon film, Abierto de 18 a 24 and the 1994 film El Amante de las Peliculas Mudas.

In 1992 he played the role of the swindler Raúl Fontana in the action thriller Al Filo de la Ley (On the Edge of the Law) about a hotel in Miami.  He also appeared in Spanish film director Carlos Saura's TV film El Sur, which is based on the short story El Sur by Argentine author Jose Luis Borges.

In 1996 Gerardo appeared in the crime thriller Policia corrupto known internationally as Corrupt Police. He portrayed the character of Eduardo Romero.

Then in 2001 he starred in the internationally acclaimed La Fuga playing the role of Julio Bordiola set in the late 1920s. He worked under the directorship of one of the leading Argentine film directors, Eduardo Mignogna and actors Ricardo Darin, Patricio Contreras and Miguel Angel Sola. The film received 5 award wins 11 nominations.

That same year, Romano starred in Nada por Perder in which he portrayed the character of Luis Bustamante.

In 2004 Gerardo Romano appeared in Dos Ilusiones.

Selected filmography
1979 - El Fausto criollo
1984 - Atrapadas, Nacho
1985 - Los Gatos
1986 - Miss Mary
1987 - El año del conejo, Las esclavas, Entregador
1988 - Abierto de 18 a 24, La clínica loca
1990 - Cuerpos perdidos, Negra medianoche, Yo, la peor de todas
1992 - Al Filo de la Ley (1992 film)
1992 - El Sur
1993 - Las boludas
1994 - El amante de las películas mudas
1996 - Policía corrupto
2001 - La fuga, Nada por perder
2004 - Dos ilusiones

References

http://www.cinenacional.com/personas/index.php?persona=8101
http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=61284
https://web.archive.org/web/20071102094037/http://www.serials.ru/persons/en/Gerardo_Romano.html

External links

Argentine male film actors
Argentine male television actors
Living people
1946 births
Place of birth missing (living people)

Gerardo Romano


Marcel Marius van der Linden (born 9 October 1952) was director of research at the International Institute of Social History until 2014, is now Senior Researcher at the Institute, and also holds a professorship dedicated to the history of social movements at the University of Amsterdam.

Van der Linden was elected the first president of the International Social History Association, founded in Sydney in 2005 with current residency in Amsterdam. He has served as president from 2005-2010, then from 2010-2015, and was again been elected for the period 2015-2020.

Van der Linden is widely recognized in his field for his approach of a "global labour history" which he has developed since the 1990s. Global labour history is seen by many scholars of labour studies as a new paradigm that wants to overcome both traditional labour history and the "new labour history" developed in the 1960s by scholars like Eric Hobsbawm and E.P. Thompson.

Marcel van der Linden received an honorary doctorate from the University of Oslo in 2008. He is also the recipient of the René Kuczynski Prize (Berlin/Vienna 2009), and the Bochumer Historikerpreis (2014),

Selected writings
As author:
 Transnational Labour History. Explorations. Ashgate, Aldershot 2003, .
 Workers of the World. Essays toward a Global Labor History (Studies in global social history. Bd. 1). Brill, Leiden 2008, .
 Western Marxism and the Soviet Union. A Survey of Critical Theories and Debates since 1917. Haymarket, Chicago 2009, .
 Kriegsbegeisterung und mentale Kriegsvorbereitung. Interdisziplinäre Studien (Beiträge zur politischen Wissenschaft. Bd. 61). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1991, .

As editor:
 (with Jürgen Kocka) Capitalism: The Resurgence of a Historical Concept. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016.
 (with Magaly Rodríguez García) On Coerced Labor: Work and Compulsion after Chattel Slavery. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2016.
 Humanitarian Intervention and Changing Labor Relations: Long-Term Consequences of the Abolition of the Slave Trade. Leiden and Boston: Brill Academic, 2011.
 (with Eva Himmelstoss) Labour History Beyond Borders: Concepts and Explorations/ Grenzenüberschreitende Arbeitergeschichte: Konzepte und Erkundungen. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsanstalt, 2010.
 Grenzüberschreitende Arbeitergeschichte. Konzepte und Erkundungen. 45. Linzer Konferenz der "", 10.–13. September 2009. Akademische VA, Leipzig 2010, .
 (with Karl Heinz Roth) Über Marx hinaus. Arbeitsgeschichte und Arbeitsbegriff in der Konfrontation mit den globalen Arbeitsverhältnissen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Assoziation A, Berlin 2009, .
 (with Angelika Ebbinghaus and Max Henninger) 1968 — A View of the Protest Movements 40 Years After, from a Global Perspective. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsanstalt, 2009.
 (with Karl Heinz Roth and Max Henninger) Beyond Marx: Theorising the Global Labour Relations of the Twenty-First Century. Leiden: Brill, 2013.
 (with Prabhu P. Mohapatra) Labour Matters: Towards Global Histories: Studies in Honour of Sabyasachi Bhattacharya. New Delhi: Tulika, 2009.
 (with Jürgen Mittag and Berthold Unfried) Transnational Networks in the Twentieth Century: Ideas and Practices, Individuals and Organizations. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsanstalt, 2008.
 (with Rana P. Behal) India's Labouring Poor: Historical Studies, c. 1600 - c. 2000. New Delhi: Foundation Books, 2007.

References

External links
 Marcel van der Linden at the website of the International Institute for Social History

1952 births
Living people
Dutch social scientists
Social historians
University of Amsterdam alumni
Academic staff of the University of Amsterdam
Labor historians

Marcel van der Linden


Genoa is a town in Vernon County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 705 at the 2000 census. The Village of Genoa is located within the town. The unincorporated community of Romance is located in the town of Genoa.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.3 square miles (94.1 km), of which, 35.0 square miles (90.6 km) of it is land and 1.3 square miles (3.4 km) of it (3.66%) is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 705 people in 285 households, including 196 families, in the town. The population density was 20.1 people per square mile (7.8/km). There were 392 housing units at an average density of 11.2 per square mile (4.3/km).  The racial makeup of the town was 99.15% White, 0.28% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. 1.13% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Of the 285 households 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.6% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 26.0% of households were one person and 8.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00.

The age distribution was 26.1% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.

The median household income was $45,234 and the median family income was $49,375. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $20,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,683. About 6.1% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.9% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

References

Towns in Vernon County, Wisconsin
Towns in Wisconsin

Genoa (town), Wisconsin


Port Vato is a village at the south coast of the island of Ambrym in Vanuatu with about 200 inhabitants.

The village has a Presbyterian church and a primary school (French and English), which is shared with the neighboring villages of Lonmei and Lalinda. It can be reached by dirt road from the airfield in Craig Cove. It has two guest houses for visitors. Visits to the volcanoes, Mt. Benbow and Mt. Marum, can be arranged from there.

Name
The name of the village refers to the stone reef visible at low tides at the black sand beach (vato meaning "stone"). In the local language Daakie, the village is called Langievot, meaning "at the end of the stones".

References

Populated places in Vanuatu
Malampa Province

Port Vato


Summerball NY is the Thursday night primetime basketball television program and the primary broadcast of the elite summer basketball leagues in New York City. In the past, it has featured Hoops In The Sun at Orchard Beach and Dyckman Basketball League in Washington Heights, . Sumerball is produced by Hard 2 Guard productions and edited by Phat Sumo media.

There has been some confusion that Summerball was changed to The EBC Show that premiered this summer in the absence of Summerball however there is not true. Summerball took a year off to rebuild its content and will re-air on MSG in the summer of 2010.

Bobbito Garcia and Boobie Smooth are the host of the show not Michael Bivins.

External links

American sports television series
2006 American television series debuts

SummerBall


Arnaldo Juan Contreras (born September 19, 1951) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and coach. His brief time in Major League Baseball, as well as the majority of his time as a coach, came with the Chicago White Sox. He currently serves as minor league pitching coordinator for the New York Yankees.

Playing career

With the Reds
Contreras was drafted at the age of 17, selected in the 12th round of the 1969 Major League Baseball draft by the Cincinnati Reds. He began his career as a starting pitcher, pitching in the Reds' organization for four seasons, never rising above Class A ball.

With the Mets
Following the 1972 season, Contreras was drafted from the Reds by the New York Mets. The Mets moved him steadily up the minor league ladder over the next three seasons, and Contreras reached Triple-A with the Tidewater Tides in 1975. That season, his first full season as a relief pitcher, he posted an impressive 1.95 ERA in 60 innings. Still, the Mets released him during spring training in 1976.

With the Phillies
Ten days after his release by the Mets, Contreras signed a minor league contract with the Philadelphia Phillies. He split the next two seasons between the Phillies' Double-A affiliate in Reading and their Triple-A club in Oklahoma City. In 1977, Contreras was moved back into Reading's starting rotation for part of the season, going 6–5 with a 3.23 ERA. Once again, however, Contreras was released during spring training in 1979.

With the White Sox
Contreras signed with the White Sox in May, and was assigned to the Triple-A Iowa Oaks. Once more used mostly as a starter, his numbers were not as impressive in 1979. Although he won more than he lost at 7–6, his ERA shot up to 5.97. He returned to Iowa in 1980, this time posting better numbers (9-7, 4.19 ERA in 20 games, all as a starter), and got his first, and what would prove to be his only, shot at the major leagues.

Although he had been a starter in the minors in 1980, the White Sox used Contreras exclusively as a reliever during his two brief stints in the majors. He appeared in a total of eight games, with no wins or losses and a 5.93 ERA. Contreras was generally used as a mopup man, and the White Sox lost each of the eight games in which Contreras appeared.

Post-major leagues
Contreras returned to the minors for the White Sox, pitching sparingly over the next two seasons for their new Triple-A affiliate, the Edmonton Trappers. Contreras appeared in 11 games in 1981 and just one in 1982. Contreras was out of organized ball for the next several years. He resurfaced in 1989, pitching briefly for the St. Petersburg Pelicans of the short-lived Senior Professional Baseball Association.

Coaching
Following his playing career, Contreras served as a coach in several major league organizations, including a few at the major league level. He was the pitching coach for the New York Yankees in 1995, the Seattle Mariners in 1997–98, and then with the team that gave him his shot at the majors, the White Sox, from 1998 until 2002. In 2005, he returned to the Yankees organization, where he currently serves as their minor league pitching coordinator. He gained recognition for developing pitch count guidelines—styled "Joba rules"—for Joba Chamberlain.

References

External links

1951 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Baseball coaches from Florida
Baseball players from Tampa, Florida
Chicago White Sox coaches
Chicago White Sox players
Edmonton Trappers players
Iowa Oaks players
Key West Conchs players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball pitching coaches
New York Yankees coaches
Oklahoma City 89ers players
Raleigh-Durham Triangles players
Reading Phillies players
Seattle Mariners coaches
Sioux Falls Packers players
Tampa Tarpons (1957–1987) players
Tidewater Tides players
Visalia Mets players
Victoria Toros players

Nardi Contreras


Guitar Rock Tour is a music video game developed and published by Gameloft for the Nintendo DS and iOS. It was released on November 4, 2008 and released on Nintendo's DSiWare in Europe on July 31, 2009 and in North America on August 17, 2009. It was also released for J2ME and was preloaded on some phones like the Sony Ericsson W595 and Nokia X3-00.

The game is played similarly to other music games such as Guitar Hero and Rock Band, with the player using either their finger or the stylus to tap along to incoming notes which move down the screen in time to the music. Two different instruments are available; guitar and drums.
There are three difficulties: Easy, Medium and Hard. A sequel, Guitar Rock Tour 2, was released in 2009.

Soundtrack

17 songs are included in the game, all of which are covers. These include:

"Rock You Like a Hurricane" - Scorpions*
"You Really Got Me" - Van Halen
"Heart-Shaped Box" - Nirvana*
"Message in a Bottle" - The Police*
"Walk Idiot Walk" - The Hives
"The River" - Good Charlotte
"What's My Age Again?" - Blink-182
"Smoke on the Water" - Deep Purple*
"Beat It" - Michael Jackson
"The Great Escape" - Boys Like Girls
"In the Shadows" - The Rasmus
"If Everyone Cared" - Nickelback
"Who Knew" - P!nk
"Underclass Hero" - Sum 41
"Girlfriend" - Avril Lavigne
"An Honest Mistake" - The Bravery*
"Banquet" - Bloc Party*

Songs marked with an asterisk are featured in the mobile version. Also, exclusive to the mobile version are Iron Maiden's "Run to the Hills" and David Bowie's "Heroes".

References

2008 video games
Drumming video games
DSiWare games
Guitar video games
IOS games
Nintendo DS games
Video games developed in France
Vivendi franchises
Music video games
Gameloft games
J2ME games

Guitar Rock Tour


Mecha (also known as meka or mechs) are walking vehicles often shown in science fiction. Stories about mecha often focus on mecha fighting other mecha, or fighting against monsters or aliens. Some stories, such as the Manga Patlabor and American miniatures game Battletech, also show mecha doing civilian purposes such as heavy construction work, police topics, or firefighting.

Science fiction technology

Mecha


Ebrahim Alkazi (18 October 1925 – 4 August 2020) was an Indian theatre director and drama teacher. A rigid disciplinarian, he instilled in his acting students an awe and reverence that they still carry with them, with several of them having had the privilege of continuing the practice and training in the NSD Repertory Company, an introduction made to the National School of Drama by Alkazi. His standards later became very influential. He also remained the Director of National School of Drama, New Delhi (1962–1977) He was also a noted art connoisseur, collector and gallery owner, and founded the Art Heritage Gallery in Delhi with his wife, Roshen Alkazi.

Staging more than fifty plays in his lifetime, Alkazi used both proscenium stages and the open-air venues. His designs for the open-air venues were acclaimed for their visual nature and for the original spins he put on each stage production, including those he had previously directed before. Trained at Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), he won the BBC Broadcasting Award in 1950. He has directed over 50 plays, including famous productions of: Girish Karnad's Tughlaq, Mohan Rakesh's Ashadh Ka Ek Din, Dharamvir Bharati's Andha Yug and numerous Shakespeare and Greek plays.  In 2002, Ebrahim Alkazi said in an interview with the BBC, "I think that there are certain ground root elements in theatre, there is a certain set of rootedness and earthiness in the work you do, and unless your inspiration and the concept in the work of theatre starts from there, I don't think you can create fine work. You have to create an atmosphere; you have to work within salubrious surrounding".

Early life and education
Ebrahim Alkazi hailed from an Arab family with a keen interest in arts. Born in Pune, Alkazi was the son of a wealthy businessman with roots in Unaizah (present-day Saudi Arabia) and a Kuwaiti mother.

Educated in Pune, at the St. Vincent's High School , Alkazi shifted to Bombay in late 1941, after his enrollment at the St. Xavier's College, Mumbai, which provided his first encounter with the new techniques of theatre at the Dramatic Society of the St.Xavier's College. In 1947, the rest of his family migrated to Pakistan while Alkazi stayed back in India. Alkazi was educated in Arabic, English, Marathi, and Gujarati.  While he was a student at St Xavier's, he joined Sultan "Bobby" Padamsee's English theatre company, Theatre Group, where he acted in several plays, as well as directed a few of them. Thereafter he was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London in 1947. In London he was offered career opportunities after being honored by both the English Drama League and the British Broadcasting Corporation, however, he turned the offers down in favor of returning home to rejoin the Theatre Group, which he ran from 1950 to 1954. Alkazi was also a keen artist and student of art; in England, he had spent hours studying major museum collections, and F. N. Souza was his flatmate.  Alkazi's works were exhibited at the Asian Institute, London (1950), the Jehangir Art Gallery, Bombay (1952) and at the Sridharini Gallery, New Delhi (1965). In each exhibition he demonstrated a versatile command over a variety of media and techniques, ranging from watercolor, charcoal, ink, poster paint and carbon tracing to the sketch pen, marker and frottage.

Career
After his return from England, Ebrahim Alkazi regrouped the Theatre Group in Bombay in 1952. At this point, he was also associated with the Bombay Progressive Artists' Group, which included M. F. Husain  F.N.Souza, S. H. Raza, Akbar Padamsee, Tyeb Mehta, artists who were later to paint from his plays and design his sets. Initiating his curatorial practices, Alkazi  mounted an eight part exhibition, between 1952 and 1957, called This is Modern Art at the Jehangir Gallery in Bombay. In 1954, after breaking from the Theatre Group, Alkazi formed the Theatre Unit in Bombay along with his wife, Roshen Alkazi and Nissim Ezekiel.  In addition to his directing, he also published the Theatre Unit Bulletin which reported on theatre events from India. Alkazi  established the School of Dramatic Arts on 4 July 1956 and became the principal of Bombay's Natya Academy. During his Bombay days Alkazi along with his theatre groups produced 'practically the entire pantheon of western literature', "from the Greeks to Beckett", as the theatre doyen would describe. Few of the later productions, which were staged at the sea-facing open air theatre in Bombay called Meghdoot, designed by Alkazi himself in 1958, included Medea (1961), Waiting for Godot (1961), and Suddenly Last Summer (1961)

In 1962, Alkazi embarked upon his journey to develop a pedagogic discourse for theatre in form of the National School of Drama. He designed a course, which not only focused on actor-training and direction, but on the learning of all aspects of stage-craft. As the director of the National School of Drama (NSD), Alkazi revolutionised Hindi theatre by the magnificence of his vision, and the meticulousness of his technical discipline. From the 60s on, the outstanding talent groomed by Alkazi at NSD was to directly feed an alternative stream of arthouse, and then mainstream cinema and television. His students include many well-known film and theatre actors and directors including Vijaya Mehta, Om Shivpuri, Harpal Tiwana and Neena Tiwana, Om Puri, and (Balraj pandit) Naseeruddin Shah, Manohar Singh, Uttara Baokar, Jyoti Subhash, Suhas Joshi, B. Jayashree, Jayadev and Rohini Hattangadi, Kumara Varma, S. Ramanujam . While there he created the Repertory Company in 1964 and directed their productions until he left. Alkazi pioneered the construction of new theatre spaces on and near the school campus, and most memorably placed his productions of Tughlaq and Andha Yug in spectacular historical monuments around Delhi.

He also founded Art Heritage Gallery in Delhi with his wife, Roshan Alkazi.

Awards and recognition

Alkazi won many of India's most prestigious awards, creating an awareness of theater's sensibility and successfully mixed modern expression with Indian tradition.

He was the first recipient of Roopwedh Pratishtan's the Tanvir Award (2004) for lifetime contribution to the theatre. He has received awards including the Padma Shri (1966), the Padma Bhushan (1991), and India's second highest civilian award the Padma Vibhushan in 2010.

He has also been awarded twice by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama. He received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in Direction in 1962, and later the Akademi's highest award the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship for lifetime contribution to theatre.

Personal life
He was married to Roshan Alkazi (d. 2007) an Ismaili Khoja from Gujarat. She designed costumes for all his plays, and wrote two books on history of Indian garments. She also established the Art Heritage Gallery at Triveni Kala Sangam, Delhi in 1977, which she ran for over 40 years. The couple had two children, Amal Allana, a theatre director and ex – chairman of National School of Drama, and Feisal Alkazi a Delhi-based theatre director.

Further reading
 Ananda Lal, The Oxford Companion to Indian Theatre, Oxford University Press (2004),
 The Alcazar Of Visual Memory

Works
 Alkazi collection of photography, with Rahaab Allana, Pramod Kumar, Brunei Gallery. Grantha Corporation, 2008. .

Notes

References

External links
 Alkazi Foundation of the Arts, New Delhi, website
 Art Heritage Gallery, website
 Well deserved, The Hindu, 12 December 2004
 Alkazi to get Tanveer award, Times of India, 2 December 2004
 Ebrahim Alkazi Biography, Britannica, 10 October 2013
 Alkazi: Saudi-Indian theater icon star attraction at Dammam. Arab News. "Ebrahim Alkazi, the celebrated Indian theater director, has his roots in Unaiza in Qassim.", 2 February 2015

Indian theatre directors
Indian drama teachers
1925 births
2020 deaths
Artists from Pune
Indian people of Arab descent
Indian people of Saudi Arabian descent
Indian people of Kuwaiti descent
St. Xavier's College, Mumbai alumni
Alumni of RADA
Academic staff of the National School of Drama
People from Unaizah
Indian scenic designers
Hindi theatre
Indian art collectors
Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in arts
People from British India
Indian arts administrators
20th-century Indian designers
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Recipients of Kalidas Samman

Ebrahim Alkazi


Sunnyside is a heritage-listed detached house at 255 Main Street, Kangaroo Point, Queensland, Australia. It was built from  to 1920s. It is also known as Dr Wright's House and was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 July 2000.

History
Sunnyside was constructed in the mid-1890s, on land owned by Joseph Thompson, a Sydney businessman who held substantial property assets on Kangaroo Point. The house functioned as a rental property until acquired by Dr Robert Wright, a Brisbane dentist, in 1920.

The site was part of a larger parcel of land (3 acres 2 roods 39 perches) acquired in three allotments (1-3) by Thomas Adams, a North Brisbane solicitor, at the first sale of Brisbane suburban allotments at Kangaroo Point held in December 1843. The purchased blocks were on the western side of Main Street, extending from the road to the Brisbane River. Kangaroo Point at this period was emerging not only as Brisbane's first suburb, but also as a rival to South Brisbane, attracting industry (a boiling down works and wool store) and shipping. All of the 1843 allotments were located near the wharf reserve, and were offered at a premium upset price of £5 per acre. Most had been cleared by 1837 as part of a former convict farm, but suburban allotments 1 and 2 were still covered in brush.

Adams' land passed to a trustee in March 1846, and in March 1861 two of the subdivisions (suburban allotments 1 and 2 - comprising 2 acres 1 rood 33 perches) were conveyed to Sydney businessman Joseph Thompson. Thompson held this and (reputedly) other Kangaroo Point property, until his death in 1902, but did not reside there. He developed the eastern half of the site, fronting Main Street, with investment houses, including an 1860s duplex Silverwells and Sunnyside (1890s). From mid-1891 Thompson leased the western half of the land, with its river frontages, to the Australasian United Steam Navigation Company (initially held on a 25-year lease). The AUSN Co. established their workshops here and erected a wharf on the riverbank, directly opposite their Mary Street wharf, on the city side of the Brisbane River.

From photographic evidence and Queensland Post Office Directories, it appears that the house known by 1904 as Sunnyside, and later as Dr Wright's House, was erected in the mid-1890s, possibly occupied by 1896. It is not known who designed the house, but the style and materials suggest perhaps a Sydney architect. By the late 19th century, Kangaroo Point, with its ferry access to the adjacent Brisbane central business district, had become a fashionable residential address, particularly with central city business persons. A number of substantial homes were erected here in the late 19th/early 20th centuries, including Leckhampton  for Brisbane jeweller Charles Snow and Lamb House  for Brisbane draper John Lamb. The construction of Sunnyside in the mid-1890s, so much later than the adjacent 1860s residence, illustrates the continued popularity of Kangaroo Point with middle class residents. From  until , 255 Main Street was tenanted by Charles M Foster of Foster and Foster, ironmongers - Foster had moved here from Shafston House at Kangaroo Point, which he apparently still owned. The Schureck family occupied the house from  to . Julius Schureck was an Adelaide Street retailer.

Following Joseph Thompson's death at Woolloomooloo in Sydney in May 1902, his Kangaroo Point property passed to his son, civil engineer William Mann Thompson of Sydney. In 1920 WM Thompson subdivided and sold the property. Title to 255 Main Street (subdivision 3 of suburban allotments 1 & 2, par South Brisbane (38.3 perches)) was transferred from Thompson to Robert Wright, a Fortitude Valley dentist, in October 1920. Wright undertook some small alterations to the place, and  erected a garage in the grounds. He may also have been responsible for the addition of the large pavilion room (originally perhaps a sleeping verandah) at the rear of the house. The house has remained in the Wright family since. Title was transferred from Robert Wright to Wright and his three surviving children (Robert James, Edgar David and Eveline Violet) in 1945. Following the death of Robert Wright in 1952, Robert James Wright (the eldest son, who had followed his father into dentistry) applied to the Brisbane City Council in 1957-58 to convert the house into two flats. It is understood he occupied one half of the house, and later his sister-in-law took the other. From 1964, title was held solely by Dr RJ Wright, who died in the early 1990s. RJ Wright was the Chilean Consul in Brisbane, possibly from just after the Second World War until his death. He resided most of his life at Sunnyside, which served as the Chilean Consulate in Brisbane for over 40 years.

Sunnyside is once again a single home, currently occupied by a grand-niece of RJ Wright.

Description
Sunnyside is a substantial, single-storeyed masonry residence located in Main Street, Kangaroo Point, on a sloping block overlooking the Brisbane River and the Brisbane central business district. While the property does not extend to the riverbank, the house behind is at a much lower level and the land on the river bank below is now part of a Brisbane City Council-owned public park, hence the views of the city have not been built out. Immediately adjacent to Sunnyside on the south boundary is the heritage-listed Silverwells.

The house is of face brick work, but only the north side wall remains unpainted. It has a rectangular core with a projecting gable with a decorative bay window in the front (eastern) elevation. There is a verandah across the remainder of the front facade and returning along the south side of the house. The verandah posts, aluminium "lace" valances, and tiled concrete verandah floors, are much later than the core. There is a formerly detached brick kitchen house at the rear, with a brick croft or cellar below, where the land slopes to the river. Also at the rear, opening off both the kitchen house and the core, is a large timber pavilion dating probably to the 1910s or 1920s, and since enclosed. The core, kitchen house and pavilion roof each has a separate, hipped roof of corrugated iron. The whole, including the timber extension, rests on brick piers.

The interior has plastered masonry walls; high ceilings with decorative pressed metal panelling; well-detailed joinery (all now painted); and timber flooring (coated with a polyurethane finish). Many of the walls have been wallpapered (much appears to date from the 1960s or 1970s) and in some rooms paint has been applied over the wallpaper.

The interior is that of a solid middle-class rental property, well-detailed, nicely finished, with generously-sized rooms and high ceilings, but without the ornate entrance vestibule common to more flamboyant owner-occupier, late 19th century residences. The front door opens directly into the main hallway, which runs east-west, off which are the former front parlour and dining room to the right. These rooms do not open into each other, but have back-to-back fireplaces which share a double chimney. The parlour has an early grey marble fireplace surround, but that in the dining room is a later and unsympathetic brick surround. A door in the rear (west) wall of the dining room opens onto a service passageway which leads to the kitchen house at the rear, and off which, to the right, are a small china pantry adjacent to the dining room, and a maid's room beyond this. The service passageway, which also runs east-west, leads to the now enclosed verandah which ran east-west beside the detached kitchen house. It is not clear whether a rear verandah initially ran the width (north-south) of the main building, but there is evidence of a former verandah between the maid's room in the core and the kitchen. This space has been enclosed as a bathroom; it has weatherboards externally on the north side and a s interior.

Off the main hallway to the left are two bedrooms, but the doorways which once would have led from the hall into each bedroom have been bricked in and plastered (probably during the  conversion to two flats), and there is no longer any evidence in the skirting boards of where these doorways were located. At its western end the main hallway opens into a cross-passage which leads on the right to the service passage and on the left originally to a bedroom door - this also has been bricked-in and plastered.

In-filling the L-shape formed by the main building and the kitchen house is one large room which appears to have been a former semi-open pavilion. This extension is clad externally with wide weatherboards to sill height. Above the sill the weatherboards are narrower and likely to be later in-fill, and in this are several aluminium-framed windows which are understood to have replaced earlier casements. The narrow hardwood floorboards of this room are arranged in a pattern which reputedly mirrored the original lattice ceiling above, extant but now covered with a recent plaster ceiling. Opening into this room is an external entrance accessed from the south side verandah.

The southern side of the house, the original bedroom wing, shows the greatest evidence of the  alterations to form two flats. Access to the southern flat is now via the side entrance into the rear pavilion room. The third bedroom, formerly at the rear of the house, has been partitioned to form a bathroom, toilet and passageway leading from the pavilion room to the two front bedrooms, which are connected via an original doorway. In other words, the front bedroom can now only be accessed by passing through the second bedroom. The front bedroom has two step-out or telescopic windows opening onto the front verandah, and the second bedroom has a double sliding glass door of  vintage opening onto the southern verandah, in the place of a former window. The single window to the third bedroom has been replaced by small, high windows to the bathroom and toilet. Another room, possibly a small fourth bedroom or servant's bedroom at the rear of the main building, has been converted into a kitchen. The wall between this room and the pavilion room (which currently functions as a combined dining and living room) has been almost totally removed, and it is no longer clear whether this room was accessed originally from a rear verandah, or from the cross or service passages in the middle of the house.

Attached to the kitchen house at the rear is a single-storeyed, skillion-roofed extension with a brick north wall, but open on the south side. Beside this is a larger skillion-roofed, weatherboard-clad double garage, again, open on the south side. Both these structures have concrete flooring. A concreted driveway leads from the street along the southern side of the property to the garages at the rear.

The front garden has an early path layout (extant by 1923) but s planting and garden elements, including a stone water fountain, stone-edged garden beds, concrete blockwork front fence, and perimeter bamboo planting which acts as a screen to Main Street and to neighbouring properties.

Heritage listing
Sunnyside was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 July 2000 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.

Sunnyside, Kangaroo Point, is important in illustrating the pattern of development of Kangaroo Point, Brisbane's first suburb, which from the 1850s attracted middle class residents who erected substantial homes overlooking the Brisbane River. The construction of Sunnyside in the 1890s illustrates the continued attraction of this quiet but centrally located suburb for the middle classes - a trend which was sustained into the 1920s. It is important also in illustrating the role of southern capital in developing Queensland from an early period. The place also has historical and social significance as the Chilean Consulate in Brisbane during the second half of the 20th century.

The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.

The place is significant as a rare, late 19th century, single-storeyed brick residence in Brisbane, of a design and materials more commonly found in Sydney at this period. The place also is now rare as one of few 19th century residences surviving in Kangaroo Point, which has undergone enormous change since the construction of the Story Bridge and viaduct in the 1930s, the expansion of the shipbuilding industry on the point from the 1940s to the 1960s, and rapid and substantial residential re-development since the 1980s. Sunnyside and an adjacent 1860s brick duplex Silverwells are the last remaining 19th century residences in the block between Bright and Scott Streets, and together with the nearby Story Bridge Hotel (erected ) make an important historical contribution to the character of Kangaroo Point.

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.

Sunnyside is a substantial, well-detailed, late 19th century brick residence with aesthetic appeal, and is important in illustrating the principal characteristics of its type.

The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.

Sunnyside is a substantial, well-detailed, late 19th century brick residence with aesthetic appeal, and is important in illustrating the principal characteristics of its type. Although the house, behind its garden screen of trees and bamboo, is scarcely visible from the street, the grounds, along with adjacent mature trees, make an important aesthetic contribution to Main Street.

The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.

The place also has historical and social significance as the Chilean Consulate in Brisbane during the second half of the 20th century.

References

Attribution

External links

Queensland Heritage Register
Kangaroo Point, Queensland
Houses in Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register

Sunnyside, Kangaroo Point


Abraham Albert "Al" Yuzpe (born 1938) is a Canadian obstetrician-gynecologist known for his work on human fertility and emergency contraception. The Yuzpe regimen, named after him, is a method of reducing potential unwanted pregnancies, including pregnancy from rape. He published the first studies demonstrating the method's safety and efficacy in 1974.

Life and career
Yuzpe earned his MD, MSc. and completed his fellowship in Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. Yuzpe founded one of the first IVF centres in Canada at the University of Western Ontario  in 1982.

He was a Fellow of the Medical Research Council of Canada for two years, with his research focusing on the development and refinement of fertility promoting drugs, including clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropins.

Yuzpe joined the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, where he held the position of Full Professor until retiring in 1995. He was co-founder and co-director of Genesis Fertility Centre, and then became co-founder and co-director of Olive Fertility Centre where he currently practices. Yuzpe has received the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society Award of Excellence in Reproductive Medicine, and The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Presidents Award "For his distinguished career in academic reproductive endocrinology and infertility and his dedication to women's health in Canada and abroad."

Selected publications
AA Yuzpe, Z Liu, MR Fluker Rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)—salvaging in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles after total or near-total fertilization failure. Fertility and sterility, 2000
MR Fluker, WM Hooper, AA Yuzpe Withholding gonadotropins. Fertility and sterility, 1999
MD Hornstein, R Hemmings, AA Yuzpe Use of nafarelin versus placebo after reductive laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis. Fertility and sterility, 1997
MD Hornstein, AA Yuzpe, KA Burry, LR Heinrichs Prospective randomized double-blind trial of 3 versus 6 months of nafarelin therapy for endometriosis associated pelvic pain. Fertility and sterility 1995
M Alsalili, A Yuzpe, I Tummon, J Parker, J Martin Pregnancy: Cumulative pregnancy rates and pregnancy outcome after in-vitro fertilization:> 5000 cycles at one centre... - Human ..., 1995
CR Newton, MT Hearn, AA Yuzpe Psychological assessment and follow-up after in vitro fertilization: assessing the impact of failure. Fertility and sterility, 1990
AA Yuzpe Pneumoperitoneum needle and trocar injuries in laparoscopy. A survey on possible contributing factors and prevention. The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 1990
MT Hearn, AA Yuzpe, SE Brown Psychological characteristics of in vitro fertilization participants. American journal of ..., 1987
Richard P. Dickey, A. Albert Yuzpe (1985). Managing Cyclomen (Danazol) Patients.
Jacques-E. Rioux, A. Albert Yuzpe (1982). Gynecologic endoscopic equipment.
AA Yuzpe, RP Smith, AW Rademaker A multicenter clinical investigation employing ethinyl estradiol combined with dl-norgestrel as postcoital contraceptive agent.  Fertility and sterility, 1982
R Minielly, AA Yuzpe, CG Drake (1979). Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured cerebral aneurysm in pregnancy Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1979
Jacques-E. Rioux, A. Albert Yuzpe (1979). Evaluation of Female Sterilization Procedures
AA Yuzpe, WJ Lancee (1977). Ethinylestradiol and dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive.  Fertility and sterility, 1977
AA Yuzpe, HJ Thurlow, I Ramzy... Post coital contraception—A pilot study. The Journal of ..., 1974
A. Albert Yuzpe, Jacques E. Rioux (1973). A manual of laparoscopy

References

External links
Dr. Al Yuzpe MSC, MD, FRCSC, Co-Director  via Olive Fertility Centre

Living people
1936 births
Canadian gynaecologists

A. Albert Yuzpe


In Greek mythology, Hyrnetho (Ancient Greek: Ὑρνηθώ) was a daughter of Temenus, and the wife of Deiphontes, by whom she became mother of Antimenes, Xanthippus, Argeius, and Orsobia.

Temenus favored his daughter Hyrnetho and her husband Deiphontes more than his sons, Hyrnetho's brothers, and planned on making Deiphontes his heir. His sons plotted against him and killed him, but nevertheless, the kingdom of Argos passed to Deiphontes and Hyrnetho, since the army supported them rather than Temenus' sons; alternately, the kingdom was seized by Ceisus, the eldest son of Temenus. The brothers knew they would hurt their rival Deiphontes the most if they separated him from Hyrnetho. So Cerynes and Phalces, ignoring the objections of their youngest brother Agraeus, came to Epidaurus, where Hyrnetho and Deiphontes resided. At first they tried to persuade Hyrnetho to leave her husband and go with them, promising her to marry her to a better person and making heavy accusations against Deiphontes. She didn't believe any of the accusations and defended her husband passionately; so the brothers simply carried her off by force. Upon hearing of it, Deiphontes rushed to her rescue. He shot Cerynes with an arrow, but was afraid to shoot at Phalces, who was holding Hyrnetho; he caught up with his chariot and attempted to get Hyrnetho away. But Phalces dragged her back with such violence that it killed her (she was pregnant at the time).

Hyrnetho was buried by her husband and children at a place which later received the name of Hyrnethium. Her tomb and a heroum, with a sacred grove, were shown at Epidaurus and Argos.

References

Women in Greek mythology

Hyrnetho


Saint-Lambert International High School (previously known as Chambly Academy or Chambly County High School) is a public secondary school, in Saint-Lambert, Quebec, Canada.

It is located at 675 Green Street and borders the Club De Golf St-Lambert. It is the only English-language secondary school in Saint Lambert and is part of the Riverside School Board. It offers an International Baccalaureate program, and has had a student population ranging from 400 to 750 students (during a baby boom peak in the early 1970s). The school is currently home to approximately 500 students.

History

The first St. Lambert High School was built on the corner of Green and Notre-Dame streets in 1896.  In 1912, it was enlarged so that students from all of Chambly County could attend.  Due to increased enrolment, the current building at 675 Green Street was opened in November 1954, and Chambly County High School became the first English language high school on the South Shore.  In 1979, St. François-Xavier High School was opened in La Prairie, Quebec.  In 1993, the students from St. Francois-Xavier were transferred to Penfield Academy, an institution named in honour of neurosurgeon Dr. Wilder Penfield.

In September 1999, Penfield Academy was merged with Chambly County High School. The combined school, named Chambly Academy, was located on the premises of Chambly County High School.

In 1976, facing space shortages, portable classrooms were built on the current location of the "F-wing". In 2001, these classrooms were destroyed and replaced with new portable classrooms which were built in 2002 and opened in the back of the current "E-wing". These classrooms served as temporary space, while four new permanent classrooms were constructed on the site of the destroyed portables at a cost of $1 million. The new classrooms were completed in 2004 and were shortly thereafter known as the "F-wing".

In 2007, a $1.5 Million general renovation project was undertaken by the Riverside School Board; classrooms, hallways, offices were all renovated. At the same time, with the collaboration of the provincial government, all science labs were rebuilt.

In late 2007, a long-standing sale of school land was approved by the city of Saint-Lambert. The proceeds from this sale ($5.4 Million) were used to further renovate and expand the school over the two next years.

By fall 2009, Chambly Academy's renovation and expansion work had been completed. The former gymnasium was converted into a cafeteria, the original cafeteria was transformed into a state of the art food preparation and serving area and the library was transformed into 2 additional classrooms. A new state of the art sports complex with a double gymnasium was built along with a new library and a new student services area.

On July 1, 2015, Chambly Academy was renamed Saint-Lambert International High School.

Notable alumni
Steve Kasper, professional hockey player
Jim Munson, Canadian senator
Todd Swift, writer
David Christie, computer architect, co-architect AMD64 ISA

References

External links
Chambly County High School Alumni Association Website

English-language schools in Quebec
International Baccalaureate schools in Quebec
Educational institutions established in 1999
Educational institutions established in 1954
Education in Saint-Lambert, Quebec
Riverside School Board
High schools in Montérégie
Buildings and structures in Saint-Lambert, Quebec
1954 establishments in Quebec
1999 establishments in Quebec

Saint-Lambert International High School


The Queensland Heritage Register is a heritage register, a statutory list of places in Queensland, Australia that are protected by Queensland legislation, the Queensland Heritage Act 1992. It is maintained by the Queensland Heritage Council. As at 5 April 2020 there are 1790 places on the Queensland Heritage Register, including the Story Bridge in Brisbane and the Ross River Meatworks Chimney in Townsville.

Criteria

For a place to be entered in the register, it must be nominated and then go through a process of assessment. There are three categories for inclusion:
 State Heritage Place (the most common type of entry), e.g. the Charters Towers Courthouse
 Archaeological Place, e.g. the First Brisbane Burial Ground in the vicinity of Skew Street, Brisbane
 Protected Area, e.g. the shipwreck of  on K'gari

Criteria for inclusion as a State Heritage Place

For inclusion as a State Heritage Place on the Queensland Heritage Register, the place must satisfy one of the following criteria:
 it shows evolutions or patterns of the history of Queensland
 it has rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of the cultural heritage of Queensland
 it contributes to an understanding of the history of Queensland
 it is a good example of a particular type of cultural place
 it is important for its aesthetics
 it shows a high standard of creative or technical achievement in its time period
 it is important to a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons
 it is associated with the life or work of important people, groups or organisations in the history of Queensland

Criteria for inclusion as an Archaeological Place
For inclusion as an Archaeological Place on the Queensland Heritage Register, the place must have the potential to contain an archaeological artefact that might yield information about the history of Queensland. If a place is already listed as a State Heritage Place, it cannot also be separately listed as an Archaeological Place.

Protected Areas

A Protected Area must be declared by regulation; there is no explicit criteria listed in the legislation, other than it be a place of great significance to cultural heritage. Entry to Protected Areas is restricted with a system of permits, affording a high level of protection.

Format of the Register

An entry in the Queensland Heritage Register must include:
 location information
 the history of the place
 a description of the place
 if it is subject to a heritage agreement
 for State Heritage Places, how it meets the criteria for State Heritage Places
 for Archaeological Places, how it meets the criteria for Archaeological Places
 for Protected Areas, a statement of the significance of the cultural heritage that warrants the protection

Other heritage registers

Places may also be entered in other lists such as the Commonwealth National Heritage List which is maintained by the Australian Heritage Council.

Under Section 113 of the Queensland Heritage Act 1992, all local government authorities in Queensland must maintain a local heritage register; the Brisbane Heritage Register is an example of a local government heritage register in Queensland.

See also

Australian Heritage Database

References

External links

 Queensland Heritage Act 1992
 Queensland Heritage Register (searchable)

Heritage registers in Australia
Historical sites in Queensland
Heritage
Heritage

Queensland Heritage Register


Richard George Crum (December 8, 1928 – December 12, 2005) was a prominent international folk dance researcher, teacher and choreographer. He conducted extensive field research in Eastern Europe in the 1950s (Shay, p, 121) and was choreographer for the Duquesne University Tamburitzans. He ran several international folk dance festivals, including those at St. Paul, Minnesota and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Early life
Dick Crum was born to German and Irish parents, the oldest of five children, and grew up in St. Paul, Minnesota. He attended a Romanian school and took a great interest in that culture. His mother, Florence "Fee Fee" Crum, taught some folk dancing, and Dick and his sister Lois attended the Serbian Days festival in Hibbing and Chisholm, Minnesota and the St. Louis, Missouri Folk Dance Festival.

He attended the University of Pittsburgh to receive a Bachelor's degree in Romance Languages, and Harvard University to receive a Master's in Slavic Languages and Literature.

International folk dancing
Crum was a dancer, technical adviser, and choreographer with the Duquesne University Tamburitzans starting in 1950. He was named program director of the Festival of Nations at St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1952. He also consulted and choreographed for the AMAN Folk Ensemble.

In the early 1950s, his popularity as an international folk dance teacher increased rapidly. He did research on folk dances in the Balkans, visiting there seven times. He taught not only dances from the Balkans, but also Slovenian couple dances and other European dances.

In 1996, Crum was a panelist at a conference for the National Endowment for the Arts entitled "Vernacular Dance in America".

In addition to his avid interest in international folk dancing, Crum had a proclivity for languages and learned many, including Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, French, Spanish, and Romanian. He also knew some Chinese, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, and Old Church Slavonic. Crum worked as a multilingual editor for Agnew Tech-Tran and later Berlitz GlobalNet, both translation services, in Los Angeles, California.

See also
International folk dance

References

Source books

External links

  Originally published by Dick Oakes' Phantom Ranch. This page has numerous photographs.

   Short article by Dick Crum.

Folk dancers
1928 births
2005 deaths
University of Pittsburgh alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Duquesne University

Dick Crum


Sir Calthrop Guy Spencer Calthrop, 1st Baronet (26 March 1870 – 23 February 1919) was a British railway manager.

Biography
Born in Uppingham, Rutland, his brother was Everard Calthrop, railway engineer.  He entered the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) as a Cadet at the age of 16 in 1886.  In 1892 he was appointed  outdoor assistant to the Superintendent of the Line at Euston, and in 1894.  In 1901 he became personal assistant to Sir Frederick Harrison.  However, in 1902 Calthrop left the LNWR to take up a position as General Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway, and in 1908 was promoted to General Manager. In 1910 Calthrop left Britain to become General Manager of the Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway.

In 1913 Calthrop returned to Britain and the LNWR, where he was appointed General Manager of the LNWR in succession to Sir Robert Turnbull in 1914.  During the First World War, Calthrop was seconded by the Government, who appointed him Controller of Mines.  For this service, Calthrop was made a baronet of Croxley House, Hertfordshire in 1918.  He died less than a year later however on 23 February 1919, and his baronetcy became extinct upon his death.

References

London and North Western Railway people
People from Uppingham
1870 births
1919 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
19th-century British businesspeople

Guy Calthrop


Doris Gnauck White (24 December 1926 – 19 November 2001) was a science educator and a researcher of the biochemical and biophysical foundations of agriculture. She won fame for her skill in curing sick chickens.

Life
Gnauck was born in Milwaukee. Her parents had immigrated from Germany. The father, Paul Benjamin Gnauck, was an aviation pioneer and the mother, Johanna born Syring was a teacher. Gnauck grew up on a farm in Granville and graduated from Shorewood High School.

In 1944, Gnauck won a University of Wisconsin scholarship. From her early years she cared for chickens. In 1946 she published the cartoon Chick Doctor. Working on the university's poultry experimental farm, she came in touch with questions of genetics, vitamine deficiencies and hormones. In 1947, she was the only girl who graduated with honors from the agricultural school of the University of Wisconsin. By her graduation, she was qualified to teach vocational agriculture, but she was not admitted to do so, supposedly because she was a woman. In the same year the family's house burned down and her parents became ill. Gnauck had to contribute to the family's living. She raised a garden and cared for baby chicks.

Gnauck taught at a U.S. Army Military Prison and natural sciences at high schools in Wisconsin. For the United States Department of Agriculture she investigated genetic resistance of wheat. Gnauck wrote her first Ph.D. on horticulture, but then she turned to entomology.

In 1954, Gnauck married Donald Lawrence White. Gnauck White received her doctoral degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1956. Together with her husband she went to Hunterdon. In 1960, she was appointed assistant professor for mathematics and science at the William Paterson University. She investigated AIDS transmission by insects and worked for the American Environmental Laboratory.

Gnauck White was an active member of the Methodist Church. In 2001, she died in  Annandale.

Works
 Chick Doctor, cartoon, 1946
 Self fecundation of Cucurbita maxima, 1949
 A comparison of three techniques involving the use of visual education procedures in the development of entomological vocabulary in secondary school science. Dissertation University of Wisconsin 1956

Honors
Since 1985, Gnauck White was a New Jersey Science Teachers Association Fellow, and in 2001 she got the citation scroll by this organization, which is awarded for outstanding contributions to science and/or science education.

The New Jersey Science Teachers Association offers the Doris White Memorial Scholarship to students who are enrolled in a Teacher Education Program at a New Jersey institution of higher education.

Notes

Further reading
 Department of Public Instruction, Bureau for Career and Manpower Development: A History of Vocational Agriculture/agribusiness in Wisconsin Secondary Schools, 1900-1976, pp. 51-51
 Notable Women throughout the History of Hunterdon County

External links
 In-memoriam notice, The New York Times, November 22, 2001]

1926 births
2001 deaths
People from Granville, Wisconsin
Educators from Wisconsin
20th-century American women educators
American agriculturalists
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences alumni
William Paterson University faculty
Methodists from Wisconsin
Shorewood High School (Wisconsin) alumni

Doris Gnauck White


Robert Ludlum (May 25, 1927 – March 12, 2001) was an American author of 27 thriller novels, best known as the creator of Jason Bourne from the original The Bourne Trilogy series. The number of copies of his books in print is estimated between 300 million and 500 million. They have been published in 33 languages and 40 countries. Ludlum also published books under the pseudonyms Jonathan Ryder and Michael Shepherd.

Life and career

Early life and education
Ludlum was born in New York City, the son of Margaret (née Wadsworth) and George Hartford Ludlum. He was educated at the Rectory School then Cheshire Academy and Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, where he earned a B.A. in Drama in 1951.

Career
Prior to becoming an author, he had been a United States Marine, a theatrical actor and producer. In the 1950s, he produced shows at the Grant Lee theater in Fort Lee, New Jersey. From 1960 to 1970, he managed and produced shows at the Playhouse on the Mall at Bergen Mall in Paramus, New Jersey. His theatrical experience may have contributed to his understanding of the energy, escapism and action that the public wanted in a novel. He once remarked: "I equate suspense and good theater in a very similar way. I think it's all suspense and what-happens-next. From that point of view, yes, I guess, I am theatrical."

Many of Ludlum's novels have been made into films and mini-series, including The Osterman Weekend, The Holcroft Covenant, The Apocalypse Watch, The Bourne Identity, The Bourne Supremacy and The Bourne Ultimatum. Covert One: The Hades Factor, a book co-written with Gayle Lynds, was originally conceived as a mini-series; the book evolved from a short treatment Ludlum wrote for NBC. The Bourne movies, starring Matt Damon in the title role, have been commercially and critically successful (The Bourne Ultimatum won three Academy Awards in 2008), although the story lines depart significantly from the source material.

During the 1970s, Ludlum lived in Leonia, New Jersey, where he spent hours each day writing at his home.

Death
Ludlum died of a heart attack on March 12, 2001, at his home in Naples, Florida, while recovering from severe burns caused by a mysterious fire which occurred on February 10, 2001.

In 2005, the company which held all merchandising for Ludlum's works via the Ludlum's estate, Ludlum Entertainment, inked an agreement with Vivendi Universal Games to handle video game rights to the games for a 10-year agreement. The license expired in 2008. On November 20, 2008, the Ludlum estate inked a deal with Universal Pictures to develop feature films based on the works of Robert Ludlum. On February 2, 2009, his estate transferred video game rights to Ludlum's work to Electronic Arts after Activision took over Vivendi Games' assets.

Writing analysis and criticism
Ludlum's novels typically feature one heroic man, or a small group of crusading individuals, in a struggle against powerful adversaries whose intentions and motivations are evil and who are capable of using political and economic mechanisms in frightening ways. The world in his writings is one where global corporations, shadowy military forces and government organizations all conspired to preserve (if it was evil) or undermine (if it was law-abiding) the status quo.

Ludlum's novels were often inspired by conspiracy theories, both historical and contemporary. He wrote that The Matarese Circle was inspired by rumors about the Trilateral Commission, and it was published only a few years after the commission was founded. His depictions of terrorism in books such as The Holcroft Covenant and The Matarese Circle reflected the theory that terrorists, rather than being merely isolated bands of ideologically or politically motivated extremists, are actually pawns of governments or private organizations who are using them to facilitate the establishment of authoritarian rule.

Bibliography

Filmography
Many of Ludlum's novels have been made into films and miniseries, although the storylines might depart significantly from the source material. In general, a miniseries is more faithful to the original novel on which it is based.  Adaptations of Ludlum's works are published under the trademark Treadstone, which is held by the executor of the Robert Ludlum estate.
1977 – The Rhinemann Exchange — miniseries — Stephen Collins as David Spaulding, Lauren Hutton as Leslie Jenner Hawkewood
1983 – The Osterman Weekend — film — Rutger Hauer as John Tanner, Sam Peckinpah directed
1985 – The Holcroft Covenant — film — Michael Caine as Noel Holcroft
1988 – The Bourne Identity — miniseries — Richard Chamberlain as Jason Bourne, Jaclyn Smith as Marie St. Jacques
1997 – The Apocalypse Watch — miniseries — Patrick Bergin as Drew Latham
2002 – The Bourne Identity — film — Matt Damon as Jason Bourne and Franka Potente as Marie Helena Kreutz
2004 – The Bourne Supremacy — film — Matt Damon as Jason Bourne
2006 – Covert One: The Hades Factor — miniseries — Stephen Dorff as Jon Smith
2007 – The Bourne Ultimatum — film — Matt Damon as Jason Bourne
2012 – The Bourne Legacy — film — starring Jeremy Renner, Rachel Weisz and Edward Norton
2016 – Jason Bourne — film — Matt Damon as Jason Bourne
TBA – The Chancellor Manuscript — film — Leonardo DiCaprio as Peter Chancellor1
TBA – The Janson Directive — film — John Cena as Paul Janson1

1 announced/in development

See also

 Airport novel
 Publishers Weekly lists of bestselling novels in the United States
 Spy fiction

References

External links

Official Robert Ludlum website

Robert Ludlum at the Internet Book List

1927 births
2001 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
American spy fiction writers
American thriller writers
People from Leonia, New Jersey
United States Marines
Wesleyan University alumni
Novelists from New York City
Postmodern writers
Cheshire Academy alumni
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
20th-century American male writers

Robert Ludlum


was the first mortgage credit institution in Denmark, founded by royal resolution on 1 March 1797. It merged with Byggeriets Realkreditfond (BRF) and was merged in 1975 to form what is now . Its headquarters was located at the corner of Rådhuspladsen and Lavendelstræde in Copenhagen from 1928.

History
Approximately one fourth of Copenhagen was destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1795. Vast sums of money were needed to finance the rebuilding of the city. Financing was normally granted as personal loans without security.  The maximum interest rate was at the same time fixed by law at 4%. Access to credit was consequently scarce. Creating  was created to address these problems. It was created at the initiative of , professor  and bookkeeper at Kommercekollegiet Ole Pedersen Holm. They created the first draft for the statutes in 1795. The institution was created by royal resolution 1 March 1797. The first general assembly was held on 8 April.

The model was based on providing loans secured by a mortgage on real estate and with joint and several liability for the borrowers by issuing negotiable debt securities. A similar system had already been introduced in Germany in 1769.

In 1889,  relocated to a building in Ny Vestergade. The building was later demolished to make way for an expansion of the National Museum of Denmark. A new head office was constructed at the corner of Lavendelstræde and City Hall Square. It was constructed in 1928 to designs by Einar Ambt. The building replaced four older properties. After Ambt's death, the construction was completed under the supervision of Georg Juul Brask.

 and Byggeriets Realkreditfond (BRF) merged in 1975 to form what is now BRFkredit.

References

External links

1797 establishments in Denmark
Defunct financial services companies of Denmark

Kreditkassen for Husejere i Kjøbenhavn


Fred M. Kaplan (born July 4, 1954) is an American author and journalist. His weekly "War Stories" column for Slate magazine covers international relations and U.S. foreign policy.

Biography
Kaplan was born in Hutchinson, Kansas, to Julius E. and Ruth (Gottfried) Kaplan. He received a bachelor's degree (1976) from Oberlin College and a Master of Science (1978) and Ph.D. (1983) in political science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1980, he was a foreign and defense policy adviser to U.S. Congressman Les Aspin (D, Wisconsin).

Before writing for Slate, Kaplan was a correspondent at the Boston Globe, reporting from Washington, D.C.; Moscow; and New York City. In 1982, he contributed to "War and Peace in the Nuclear Age," a Sunday Boston Globe Magazine special report on the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race that received the Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1983. He has also written for other publications, including The New York Times, The Atlantic, The New Yorker, and Scientific American.

Kaplan has authored several books on military strategy. His 1983 book on the individuals who created American nuclear strategy in the late 1940s and '50s, The Wizards of Armageddon, won the Washington Monthly Political Book of the Year award. He published Daydream Believers in 2008, a work which analyzes the George W. Bush administration's use of Cold War tactics in post-9/11 military activities. He criticizes the administration for pursuing policies he believes to be unilateral and violate prohibitions on pre-emptive warfare. In late 2012, Kaplan published The Insurgents: David Petraeus and the Plot to Change the American Way of War, which examines how General David Petraeus attempted to implement new thinking in Afghanistan and Iraq regarding the traditional clear and hold counter-insurgency strategy, and the shortcomings of this strategy, its intellectual underpinnings, and the individuals who defined it. The book was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction in 2014.

In 2009, Kaplan published 1959: The Year Everything Changed. The book argues that the course of world history was not changed by the counter-culture movements of the 1960s but rather by artistic, scientific, political, and economics events occurring in the year 1959.

Audio/video
Kaplan is an enthusiast of high-end audio and video equipment, and has reported from the Consumer Electronics Show on new technologies in this area, as well as penning shopping-advice columns on which new televisions offer the best value.

He has authored articles covering jazz and hi-fi equipment for the magazine Stereophile.

Family
Kaplan married Brooke Gladstone, a journalist, author and media analyst, in 1983. The couple has twin daughters.

Works
 Books
 Dubious Specter: A Skeptical Look at the Soviet Nuclear Threat, Institute for Policy Studies, 1980,

 The Insurgents: David Petraeus and the Plot to Change the American Way of War, Simon and Schuster, 2013,

 Select essays

References

Bibliography
 Contemporary Authors. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1998.

External links
 Fred Kaplan's web site
 "War Stories" at Slate
 Fred Kaplan's jazz blog
 Video (and audio) of interview/discussion with Fred Kaplan by Robert Wright on Bloggingheads.tv

1954 births
American male journalists
Living people
MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences alumni
Oberlin College alumni
People from Hutchinson, Kansas
Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting winners
Slate (magazine) people

Fred Kaplan (journalist)


Uxbridge Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 111.

The original post office was named Uxbridge, by the first postmaster and early settler, John Bascom, who immigrated from Uxbridge, Ontario, Canada. The post office address has since been renamed. The township retains the original name of Uxbridge and is a subdivision of Barnes County.

References

Townships in Barnes County, North Dakota
Townships in North Dakota

Uxbridge Township, Barnes County, North Dakota