The Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway was a railway company that constructed a standard gauge line in South Wales, connecting Llantrisant and the Taff Vale Railway near Treforest. It ran through thinly populated country, and linked to a number of iron mines, collieries and other mineral sites. It opened in stages in 1863 and 1864. In 1865 through passenger trains from the Cowbridge Railway ran over the line, to Pontypridd, although for some time there were no passenger stations on its own network. At the Llantrisant end, it was reliant on broad gauge railway companies which were not always friendly to it. The company leased its line to the Taff Vale Railway in 1870.

In 1866 it seemed likely that coal from the Ogmore Valley would be conveyed on a new line across the L&TVJR area, and powers were obtained to build the line, but the opportunity passed and when the line was finally built, in 1886, but its potential traffic had almost vanished.

The Treferig Railway opened its line in 1883 branching off the L&TVJR to serve mineral sites in Nant Mychydd. Also short of money, it leased its line to the Taff Vale Railway in 1884.

In 1952 the passenger traffic on the line was discontinued, and as the mineral activity in the area declined, so did the use of the line. It closed completely in 1987.

Before the railway
The iron industries of Dowlais and Merthyr needed transport systems to take their products to market, and to bring raw materials to them. At first the raw materials were found locally, and brought in on the backs of animals, and later by primitive mineral tramroads. The conveyance of their output away mostly involved getting it to Cardiff for coastal shipping, and at first this was done by animal power too.

The Glamorganshire Canal was opened in stages between 1792 and 1794, and its authorising Act of Parliament included a general permission to build tramroads as feeders from mines within four miles of the canal: the so-called "four-mile clause", which did much to foster mineral working in the area.

There was workable coal south of Treforest and by 1810 a tramroad had been made from the canal at Pont Maesmawr to Maesbach. From Pont Maesmawr it ran east, immediately crossing the River Taff by a floating bridge, that is, a ferry, at the ford just below Upper Boat. The pit had mixed fortunes but by 1842 it had enlarged considerably, employing 157 persons.

Taff Vale Railway

In time the Canal became overwhelmed by the volume of traffic, and encouraged by the successful opening of railways with more advanced technology than the horse tramways of previous years, the Taff Vale Railway was promoted. It was authorised by Parliament in 1836 and it opened between Merthyr and Cardiff docks in 1841. The line passed close to the Maesmawr workings but did not make a connection.

Powell's tramroad
Thomas Powell had extensive colliery interests in Monmouthshire and Glamorganshire, and he needed to get a transport link to pits he owned at Llantwit Fardre. Failing to generate interest elsewhere, he determined to build a railway himself to the Glamorganshire Canal at Maesmawr from Llantwit Fardre. This was known as the Dihewyd Railway or the Llantwit Fardre Railway. It was completed by 28 December 1843 and a connection to the Taff Vale Railway was opened on 25 April 1844, when a train of Powell's coal was taken to Cardiff. His line climbed out of Maesmawr on a 297-yard self-acting incline at a gradient of 1 in 6.6. The line was later extended to Ystradbarwig colliery.

Broad gauge railways
A trunk railway came to the area when the South Wales Railway opened between Chepstow and Swansea on 18 June 1850; it was a broad gauge line allied to the Great Western Railway.ma A Llantrisant station was opened on the line, although it was located nearly two miles from the town. The town of Cowbridge, which had been on the route of a mail coach for many years, felt the disadvantage of being by-passed keenly, and there was much discussion of how a branch line railway might be built; these talks were not fruitful for some years, however.

On the north side of the South Wales Railway route matters were more successful, for in 1857 the Ely Valley Railway was incorporated by Act of Parliament. This railway was primarily intended to reach the mineral districts close to Llantrisant, with branches to Glanmychydd (or Castellau), and Gellyrhaidd, near Hendreforgan. In 1858 further authority was obtained to build a branch to Mwyndy and Broviskin (Brofiscin). These were broad gauge lines, allied to the South Wales Railway, but this proved to be a considerable disadvantage, frustrating easy access to Cardiff Docks and the ironworks of Merthyr and Dowlais.

The Ely Tidal Harbour and Railway had been incorporated in 1856, and the following year it changed its name to the Penarth Harbour Dock and Railway, on getting authority to construct a dock at Penarth. It was constructing a railway from the Taff Vale Railway at Radyr; the intention was to provide an alternative to Cardiff Docks and the railways approaching them, which were exceedingly congested. The railway part of this was complete on 18 July 1859, although the dock construction took considerably longer. In January 1859 the Penarth company, seeing a commercial opportunity, approached the Ely Valley Railway proposing a physical connection between their lines, enabling Ely Valley production to be shipped at Penarth. Under this scheme, the Ely Valley Company would convert its gauge to narrow (standard) gauge.

The Ely Valley company found favour in the proposals; the cheapest way to make the physical connection would be over the South Wales Railway main line between Llantrisant and a point immediately west of Cardiff station, joining the Penarth line there. The talks seemed to be progressing well, but were abandoned by the Ely Valley company abruptly, and shortly afterwards the Great Western Railway (not the South Wales Railway) leased the Ely Valley line, in order to secure access to its locomotive coal colliery at Gyfeillon. Daniel Gooch wrote, "Our object in taking the line would be chiefly for getting a connection to our own colliery and also to get, some day, into the steam coal not yet opened out." The lease was effective from 1 January 1861. On 2 August 1860 the Ely Valley Railway had opened its main line from Llantrisant to Penrhiwfer.

The Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway
The issue of conveyance of the iron ore of the district to market remained unresolved, and on 12 September 1860, a Merthyr solicitor named W Simons approached the Taff Vale Railway board. He said that he had acquired the Llantwit Vardre tramroad for £9,000, and was prepared to make that the core of a new railway from Llantrisant to the Taff Vale line. He wanted a premium for his trouble, and to be appointed solicitor to the scheme. The TVR General Superintendent, George Fisher, was instructed to investigate the matter; he found that the idea was plausible, although not all of the Llantwit Vardre line was required, and a new junction with the TVR north of the tramroad junction would need to be made, avoiding the steep incline. The cost of the line would be £30,000.

If a new company, the Llantrissant and Taff Vale Junction Railway, were authorised, the TVR would contribute £10,000 to the share issue. Mwyndy to Merthyr would be 19 miles, one-third of the route via Neath currently in use, and easy access to Penarth Docks would be available. In fact Simons' title to the Llantwit Vardre Tramroad turned out to be defective, but the L&TVJR scheme went ahead anyway. The capital requirement was increased to £40,000 now that acquisition of some of the land was more difficult. One third of the sum would be subscribed by the TVR; and Simons was invited to sever his connection with the L&TVJR.

In November 1860 plans were deposited for the Parliamentary Bill. The main line would run from a junction somewhat to the north of the Llantwit Vardre connection to the TVR near Treforest, with a line closely paralleling the Tramroad connection alongside the incline also available as an alternative. The main line ran to a junction with the Ely Valley Railway near Cross Inn; the junction was to become Maesaraul Junction. There were also a Mine Works Branch to the Bute iron ore mine, and the Llantrisant Common Branch to pits there.

Powell was still the apparent owner of the Llantwit Vardre Railway, and although he opposed the L&TVJR Bill in Parliament, afterwards he offered to sell the line to the L&TVJR, and this was agreed. In Committee, the Mine Works Branch was removed from the powers, and use of the Ely Valley Railway's Mwyndy branch was inserted, with running powers for the L&TVJR and of course mixed gauge installed. At this stage there were no running powers into Llantrisant station: these were added through negotiation concerning the Cowbridge Railway, on the south side of the South Wales Main Line, by agreement dated 9 January 1864.

The Llantrissant and Taff Vale Junction Railway was incorporated by Act of 7 June 1861; it was to acquire the Llantwit Vardre Railway; capital was set at £40,000, and the Company could arrange for the Taff Vale Railway to work its line.

Opening
On 17 September 1863 the line was opened between Llantrisant Junction (near Treforest) and the Llantwit collieries. By 29 January 1864 the line was extended to a new colliery to the west of Llantwit, and on to Llantwit Dynevor Colliery and Cross Inn, just short of Maesaraul Junction. The provision of mixed gauge on the Mwyndy branch was much delayed by the GWR, only being ready on 5 December 1864, from which date the majority of the iron ore traffic was able to take the new route.

Cowbridge Railway

The residents of Cowbridge had long yearned for a railway connection, and on 29 July 1862 the Cowbridge Railway was authorised. The Taff Vale Railway was to contribute £10,000 to the subscription list. The Cowbridge Railway was to cross the South Wales Railway main line and come north as far as Maesaraul junction, joining the Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway there. However it became obvious that the Cowbridge company was going to have serious trouble securing the capital it needed, and a compromise was reached. It would build its line between Cowbridge and Llantrisant only, and the Great Western Railway would mix the gauge on the section of the Ely Valley line between Llantrisant and Maesaraul Junction. This would enable the Cowbridge narrow (standard) gauge trains to run through to Pontypridd over the L&TVJR and the Taff Vale Railway.

The approval of the Board of Trade inspecting officer was required to open the line for passenger traffic, and there were a succession of shortcomings in the arrangements at Maesaraul and on the Cowbridge Railway. Nevertheless, by 16 January 1865 a Taff Vale engine was run through from Pontypridd to Cowbridge and a revenue-earning mineral train ran through on 30 January 1865. The Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway was passed for passenger traffic on 29 August 1865.

There was now a through passenger service between Cowbridge and Pontypridd, but there was no station on the L&TVJR line, causing criticism. Succumbing to the pressure, the Company opened a station at Llantwit Fardre, ready by January 1867. Cross Inn station followed on 6 September 1869, this being intended to be the station for Llantrisant. (The South Wales Railway station was some distance away.)

The Cowbridge Railway had been built to a shoddy standard and was desperately short of money before and after opening. The Taff Vale Railway was working the line and became concerned that it would suffer in the event of an accident, and it pressed the Cowbridge company to undertake improvement work, which it could not afford. Under pressure, the Cowbridge company gave notice that it would operate the line itself, which it did from 4 April 1870.

The L&TVJR had been working the trains, but did not have powers to operate over the Ely Valley line, having done so as agent for the Cowbridge company only. A legalistic impasse seemed to be developing, but in fact the L&TVJR ran its trains into the Cowbridge Railway station at Llantrisant, paying a rental of £200 annually to the GWR for using the line from Maesaraul Junction, and £70 for the share of station expenses at Llantrisant. The through working from Pontypridd to Cowbridge could not, for the time being, continue.

The change of working did nothing to improve the physical state of the Cowbridge Railway, and its financial situation worsened. In desperation, in 1875 the Company was obliged to ask the Taff Vale Railway to take it over, on the TVR's terms. This was done, and through working of passenger trains from Cowbridge to Pontypridd was resumed.

Leased to the Taff Vale Railway
The L&TVJR had always been a dependency of the Taff Vale Railway, and in 1870 this was formalised, when an Act of 20 June 1870 authorised the lease of the line to the Taff Vale for 999 years. (The residual L&TVJR company was absorbed by the Taff Vale Railway by Act of 26 August 1889.)

Developments in the Ogmore Valley
In 1863 John Brogden and Son leased extensive coal bearing areas in the Ogmore Valley, to the north-west of Llantrisant; the intention was to export the bituminous coal through Porthcawl Harbour. However the harbour there was seriously deficient in its capacity, notwithstanding improvement works costing £250,000 in 1867. In any case the principal market for the mineral output was at the ironworks at Merthyr, Dowlais and nearby. The Ogmore Valley Railway was opened in 1865 to convey the minerals to Tondu, joining there the Llynvi Valley Railway; the two railways combined to form the Llynvi and Ogmore Railway in 1866. The Ogmore Valley Railway had been built as a narrow (standard) gauge line, and the Llynvi line and other nearby lines were broad gauge lines. The OVR urgently needed a narrow gauge connection, and the Taff Vale was the obvious partner to supply it. However relations were not friendly, and competing Parliamentary Bills were presented in successive sessions, also by the Great Western Railway and the Ely Valley Railway.

The L&TVJR won this battle, securing its New Lines Act on 23 July 1866. It would build a new line on a north-west to south-east diagonal, from the Ely Valley Railway at Ynysmaerdy to Waterhall Junction south of Radyr.

The GWR had given an assurance in the Parliamentary Committee that the company would install mixed gauge between Hendreforgan, where there was a junction with the Ogmore Valley Railway, and Ynysmaerdy (Llantrisant Common Junction) and so OVR trains could reach the L&TVJR from the north-west.

Waterhall Junction was to be built on the line of the Penarth Harbour Dock and Railway, giving direct access to Penarth Harbour. (The Waterhall Junction was originally planned to be triangular, allowing trains to turn north and reach the lower part of the Taff Vale Railway system, but this was not built.)

This new diagonal line would pass through the Common Branch, and at Common Branch Junction the trains would also be able turn north to reach Pontypridd.

This looked like excellent business for the L&TVJR: a new heavy flow of minerals from Ogmore Valley to Penarth and to Pontypridd would pass right across its system. In fact there was a serious financial crisis in 1866 – 1867, and construction work had to be suspended for the time being. The time allowed for construction expired, and the company had to go to Parliament for an extension of time; it had to undertake to haul minerals via Llantrisant Junction (near Treforest) at the same rate (to traders) as if the Waterhall line had actually been built.

Further obstructive manoeuvering frustrated early completion of the through route, and eventually it was the gauge conversion of the Great Western Railway lines that unblocked the difficulty.

The end of broad gauge
The broad gauge group of railways in South Wales converted their gauge to narrow (standard) gauge in May 1872, bringing to an end the need for transshipment of goods and minerals at Llantrisant.

This had significant implications for the New Lines diagonal route. It had been conceived to carry the Ogmore coal to Penarth, but now that the South Wales Main Line was standard gauge, the traffic went by that route, and it was clear that if the diagonal route to Waterhall Junction were built, it would not carry much traffic. The TVR wished to abandon the construction of it, but there were heavy penalty clauses in the authorising Act in this event; moreover a new colliery had been opened on the route and it was likely that the proprietor would successfully seek compensation if the line was not built.

Perhaps the most important factor was that the presumed construction of the line was important in negotiating apportionment (as between the TVR group of railways and the GWR group) of through rates for the mineral traffic from the Ogmore Valley.

An extension of time for construction of Railway No 1 (the Waterhall Junction line) was obtained in 1877 and the intention was to return to Parliament the following year and apply for abandonment. In fact the negotiations on rate apportionment dragged on, and a further extension of time for construction of Railway No 1 had to be obtained in 1880.

In 1880 however, the picture began to change; a new branch line, the Treferig Railway, was being planned and it might bring traffic to the line. The west curve at Common Branch Junction had been lifted, probably without ever having passed a train over it, and a new junction to the future Railway No 1 was made. Nevertheless progress was very slow on the new line; the application to form Waterhall Junction was only submitted in 1886, and the line was opened on 11 September 1886.

Very little traffic used the new line; in 1910 the General manager of the TVR said "There is very little traffic on it and it need never have been constructed."

The Treferig Railway
Nant Mychydd extends north-westwards from Llantrisant Common, and appeared to have potential for mining coal, and in 1823 a primitive tramroad was built to convey the output to market. This project had only limited success, but in the mid-1870s Glyn Colliery was established near Tonyrefeil.

The proprietor and others in the valley promoted the Treferig Railway, which was to join the L&TVJR's Common Branch. A Parliamentary Bill was deposited in November 1878. As the line was close to the Ely Valley lines of the Great Western Railway, it became important to the TVR and the GWR to attract the new railway to their own group. This led to the Bill being opposed in Parliament by both of the larger railways, but the Treferig promoters agreed to a clause in their Bill banning discrimination in freight rates against either party. Accordingly the Treferig Railway Act was passed on 21 July 1879, with capital of £15,000.

The Treferig Railway found it almost impossible to raise funds for its construction, and the TVR, thinking the line had potential, agreed to guarantee 4% on the line's capital. This was objected to by the GWR, but an accommodation was reached with them. The Treferig still found it difficult to get all the money it needed for the construction, and the TVR provided a loan. There was some urgency as a stockpile of coal was accumulating at Glyn Colliery, waiting for transport away. The steep gradients meant that trains were always propelled up the branch.

The line opened by 30 August 1883, but although business was brisk (due to the Glyn backlog) the company still lacked money for ordinary operational purposes, and a lease to the TVR was discussed. The talks proved successful, and a lease was authorised by Act of 14 July 1884, ratifying the effective date of 5 May 1884.

Full absorption was evidently sensible, and this was authorised by Act of 26 August 1889; the takeover was effective from 1 July 1889. Glyn Colliery was the only significant development in the valley, and even its aspirations for expansion were in vain.

In 1892 the management of the Glyn Colliery on the Treferig branch approached the TVR, asking for a workmen's train service to be run by contract. This was operated from April 1892, without obtaining the sanction of the Board of Trade for passenger operation. The trains ran to and from Treferig Junction; there was no platform and the miners walked to and from Llantrisant, a mile away, though later the trains were extended to run from Common Road bridge.

In 1898 the miners' train derailed at Treferig and a passenger was injured; this brought the Board of Trade into the picture, but the feared (by the TVR) major enhancement of safety measures was not insisted on, when the TVR gave an assurance that the service would be run with proper regard to safety of the passengers.

New passenger station and services
The thinly populated terrain through which the L&TVJR line passed had gradually been built up, and pressure arose for additional stations. This was generally resisted by the Taff Vale company, but on 1 October 1887 a new station at Church Village was opened.

In 1892 a moderate increase in the passenger service on the main line took place, with five trains each way; six ran each way from 1893.

Common Branch Junction
The west curve of the triangle at Common Branch Junction had been abolished ion the early days, never having seen much traffic. Now the mineral trains from Glyn Colliery to Penarth and Newport required the missing link: without it they had to be routed via Llantrisant Junction at Treforest. In late 1894 and again in 1898 it was proposed that the curve be reinstated, but this seems not have been done. Chapman is ambiguous about this, page 49: "[The TVR Traffic Manager] asked that facilities be provided at Common Branch Junction to enable trains to make use of the direct route. Nothing was done, however, until 12th June, 1894, when substantial alterations were authorised at Common Branch Junction…" "These [alterations] involved the abolition of Common Branch Junction West, with Llantrisant No. 1 Railway being extended to run parallel to the main Llantrisant branch to Common Branch Junction East, where a new loop was provided."

The reference to Common Branch Junction West refers to the signal box at the Llantrisant apex; there was no physical junction there at this time. Llantrisant No. 1 Railway was the line from Waterhall Junction and Penarth; and "the main Llantrisant branch" really means the main line. Evidently the West Curve was not reinstated for Chapman says on page 81 that in 1898 the TVR "accepted a recommendation to restore the west curve at Common Branch Junction, but, in the event, the new work was restricted to a dead-end siding off the Common branch, and the connection with the Llantrisant branch [that is, the main line] at the site of Common Branch Junction West was not restored."

Motor cars (railmotors)
At the turn of the century the passenger stations on the main line were at Church Village, Llantwit and Cross Inn.

In 1903 the Taff Vale Railway experimented with what it called "motor cars"—railmotors, that is, single passenger coaches with an integrated small steam engine. The intention was to provide a passenger service in remote areas by setting up low-cost stopping places; these were generally 40-feet long timber platforms without shelter or any other facility. After trials on the Penarth branch the system was adopted throughout the TVR system, and from 1 May 1905 the motor cars operated most of the passenger services in an enhanced timetable between Pontypridd and Aberthaw, reversing at Llantrisant and continuing over the Cowbridge Railway and the Cowbridge and Aberthaw Railway. A new motor car platform was provided at Tonteg. The motor cars could not convey tail traffic so some conventional trains were run, but they could not call at the motor car platforms.

Beddau Platform was opened in July 1910, and both it and Tonteg were lengthened subsequently to allow two-coach conventional trains to call.

From 1923
The Government passed the Railways Act 1921 which mandated the "grouping" of most of the railways of Great Britain into one or other of four new large companies. In fact in the area the Great Western Railway name continued; the old Great Western Railway was of course the largest constituent of it, but the Taff Vale Railway was a significant constituent company. Although the grouping is generally considered to have taken place at the beginning of 1923, the necessary negotiations resulted in the Taff Vale's transfer to the new GWR effective from January 1922.

In this period bus competition became exceptionally fierce and there was a catastrophic collapse of use of the passenger trains. At first this was not matched by service reductions. At the same time some of the largest collieries on the line closed, and although there was still considerable colliery activity, volumes reduced.

The upper end of the Trefreig branch had long been dormant, and it was successively cut back to Castellau siding by 1933, and closing completely in 1935. The eastern end of the Common Branch closed with it, leaving only a stub at the extreme western end, used as a wagon storage siding. (That closed on 1 July 1951.)

The Barry Railway had opened its line from Trehafod (in the Rhondda Valley) through its own station at Pontypridd, to Barry in 1889. Near Tonteg this line ran close to the former L&TVJR line from Llantrisant Junction (Treforest). The Great Western Railway took the opportunity to simplify the railway arrangements there: the Barry Railway line would be closed between Trehafod and Tonteg, and trains from Pontypridd would travel on a new connecting line between the TVR line and the Barry line. The old L&TVJR line would also be closed at this point, with the Llantrisant trains being routed over the new connection to Tonteg, there diverging from the Barry line. This connection was more gently graded at 1 in 69 than the 1 in 40 of the original. A new Tonteg Halt to replace the old one was built at the junction with the Barry line. Llantrisant line trains started to run on the new line from 5 May 1930; the Barry line trains transferred on 10 July 1930.

From 1948
On 1 January 1948 the network of the Great Western Railway passed into national ownership, under British Railways. Passenger business on the L&TVJR system was extremely poor, while the parallel bus service operated at a 30 minute frequency. With no prospect of a recovery, the passenger service was withdrawn from 31 March 1952. Porthcawl excursions ran over the line until 1959. In the following years the ordinary goods service collapsed also, being discontinued by 1964.

Only two sources of traffic now remained on the system: Creigiau Quarry, on Llantrisant No 1 Railway, served from Radyr via Waterhall Junction, and Cwm Colliery, served from Treforest. Common Branch Junction to Creigiau had no traffic and was closed from 17 June 1963.

A reorganisation of the mineral workings, now based on Llantrisant, resulted in Creigiau being served from there, with the Waterhall Junction end of that line now closing, and the western end being re-opened. These changes took place on 28 September 1964. Both the remaining branches were worked as long sidings.

The Creigiau line ceased to carry traffic on 31 January 1978, although it was held dormant until 1 January 1981. The final mineral train from Cwm Colliery ran on 2 March 1987, although an enthusiasts' special passenger train ran on the line on 11 April 1987. The railway use of the former Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway was at an end.

Location list

 Treforest Junction; divergence from Pontypridd to Taffs Well line;
 Church Village; opened 1 October 1887; later renamed Church Village Halt; closed 31 March 1952;
 Llantwit; opened January 1867; renamed Llantwit Fardre 1936; closed 31 March 1952;
 Beddau Platform; opened by July 1910; renamed Beddau Halt 1923; closed 31 March 1952;
 Common Branch Junctions; triangle to Treferig Branch and divergence of Llantrisant No 1 Branch;
 Cross Inn; opened 6 September 1869; closed 31 March 1952;
 Maesaraul Junction; convergence with Ely Valley Railway;
 [Llantrisant].

Notes

References

Railway lines opened in 1863
Railway companies disestablished in 1889
Taff Vale Railway
Early Welsh railway companies
Standard gauge railways in Wales
Llantrisant
British companies disestablished in 1889


Carroll Edwin Metzner (April 24, 1919 – December 6, 2008) was a Wisconsin politician and legislator.

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Metzner graduated from Northwestern University and received his law degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1951, he was elected to the Madison Common Council. Metzner also served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1953 to 1957 as a Republican.

Notes

Politicians from Milwaukee
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
Northwestern University alumni
University of Wisconsin Law School alumni
Wisconsin city council members
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
1919 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American politicians

Carroll Metzner


Mallepally is located near Asifnagar in Hyderabad, India. It is a locality in Hyderabad District and one of the old suburbs that have existed for a long while now. It is one of the oldest localities to exist in the history of Hyderabad during the time of Nizams.

The major colonies are Vijayanagar Colony, Aghapura Colony, Bazargaat Colony and Sitarambagh. Major landmarks are Badi Masjid popularly known as Tabligi Jamat Mosque (Nizam's era), Glory Cinema Talkies (1935; earlier known as Zia and Sham Talkies), SBH Branch (1973) and Housing Board Colony (1956).

History

Mallepally was built by fifth Asafjahi ruler – Afzal Ud Daula next to the Afzal Sagar tank which was one of the largest tank. Many people from Mallepally emigrated from India to the western countries and the gulf. People who returned from the gulf countries brought back their cuisine with them and started hotel businesses serving Shawarma, Mandi and a lot of arabian dishes in the area. Hence Mallepally became one of the major food hubs in Hyderabad. In the early 19th century, Malay people used to stay at this place and that's how the area got its name.

In the early 20th century, Hyderabad faced much flooding by the Musi River and subsequently led to a plague which reduced the population. Nizam Osman Ali Khan Asaf Jah VII, who had just come to occupy the throne, conferred with his ministers and city planners to come up with comprehensive plans to improve sanitation and hygiene of the city.

Transport
Mallepally is connected by buses run by TSRTC.

The closest MMTS train station is at Nampally is about 2 km away.

Business
Mallepally is a market for all those who would love to wander the lanes of an old Hyderabad, giving you the touch of memories of famous Urdu writers and poets. Many residents from Mallepally worked in the Persian Gulf area and returned with their earnings. This phenomenon has brought a variety of cultures to the neighborhood. Many food centers around the market serving Arabian delicacies. This place is mostly known for its shawarma centers.

Entertainment
This area is residential but it does has Priya cinema hall for families to enjoy their free time.

Notable people

 Riaz Ahmed
 Shabana Azmi
 Fani Badayuni
 Jeelani Bano
 Abdul Basith
 Shaukat Kaifi

Neighbourhoods

 Aghapura
 Asif Nagar
 Dhoolpet
 Goshamahal
 Karwan
 Masab Tank
 Mehdipatnam
 Muradnagar
 Nampally

References

Neighbourhoods in Hyderabad, India

Mallepally


The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas (also known as The Flintstones 2 or The Flintstones 2: Viva Rock Vegas in a working title) is a 2000 American romantic comedy film directed by Brian Levant, written by Jim Cash, Harry Elfont, Deborah Kaplan, and Jack Epps, Jr., and is the prequel to Levant's The Flintstones (1994), based on the 1960–1966 animated television series of the same name. It is set before the events of both the series and the first film, showing how Fred and Barney meet Wilma and Betty. The title is a play on the Elvis Presley song, Viva Las Vegas, also used as the title of an MGM musical film.

None of the original cast from the first film reprise their roles in this film. The film stars Mark Addy as Fred Flintstone, Stephen Baldwin as Barney Rubble, Kristen Johnston as Wilma Slaghoople, and Jane Krakowski as Betty O'Shale, replacing John Goodman, Rick Moranis, Elizabeth Perkins, and Rosie O'Donnell respectively. The supporting cast features Joan Collins, Thomas Gibson, Harvey Korman (in his final film performance), and Alan Cumming as both The Great Gazoo and Mick Jagged, a parody of Mick Jagger. William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, who created the original cartoon series, make cameo appearances at the end of the film.

The film was a box office bomb, grossing only $59.5 million against its $83 million budget. it also received mixed-to-negative reviews, though some critics considered it an improvement over the first film.

Plot
Young bachelors and best friends Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble have recently qualified as crane operators at Slate & Company. Soon to be employed, they hope to score dates, and a little green alien The Great Gazoo, exiled to Earth by his species, offers to help, although only they can see him. Meanwhile, Wilma Slaghoople wants a normal life, though her controlling mother Pearl wants her to marry suave casino-owner Chip Rockefeller.  After Wilma angrily escapes to Bronto King in Bedrock, waitress Betty O'Shale, mistaking her as "caveless," offers to share her apartment and gets her a job.

Smitten with the waitresses, the two men invite them to a carnival, with Fred dating Betty and Barney taking Wilma. However, the couples fail to bond until both men switch dates. Fred wins an egg in a carnival game which hatches into a baby dinosaur, which he names "Dino." Wilma invites her new friends home to a birthday party for her father, Colonel Slaghoople, where all are shocked by her wealth. Intending to propose, Fred changes his mind after meeting Chip, who mocks his low-level job at Slate & Company. Pearl despises the three new friends, but the Colonel, glad for Wilma's happiness, accepts them and privately gives Wilma a valuable pearl necklace that his great-grandmother once wore. After the boys humiliate themselves at dinner, Wilma nevertheless proclaims her pride and follows them out.

Chip congratulates Fred on attracting Wilma, apologizes for lampooning Fred's job, and invites the group to his Rock Vegas resort as an olive branch. However, unbeknownst to the group, Chip plots to ensure Fred gambles so Wilma dumps him, whereas Fred sees it as a chance to win big so he can impress Wilma with money like Chip's. Gangsters Big Rocko and Little Rocko visit Chip and his girlfriend Roxie to collect a sum of money that Chip owes their boss. Gazoo overhears Chip claiming his upcoming marriage to Wilma will allow him to access the Slaghoople fortune. Considering that plan creditable, the gangsters agree to suspend collections until after the wedding. When Barney tries to keep Fred from high-stakes poker, Chip sends Roxie to seduce and escort Barney to an all-you-can-eat buffet.

Chip keeps Fred gambling and he misses his dinner date with the others. Betty sees Barney wipe cream from Roxie's chest, misinterpreting the gesture as a pass. Mick Jagged comforts the weeping girl, and they go on a date. Wilma breaks up with Fred over not spending any time with her. Chip warns her of burglaries and arranges that Fred loses everything before slipping Wilma's pearls in Fred's pocket and asking him to empty them. Hotel security arrest Fred for robbery, but when Barney protests that Fred is incapable of robbery, Chip accuses Barney of being Fred's accomplice and also has him arrested. Hurt that the two stole from her, Wilma goes back to Chip.

Gazoo visits the men in prison, revealing that Chip is severely indebted to the mob and hopes to solve both his problems by framing Fred for the robbery and marrying Wilma to get the Slaghooples' money. Barney slips through the bars, steals the keys, and unlocks the cell. Disguised in drag as dancers, they accidentally run into Jagged's dressing room. Barney tells Betty he loves her, and they reconcile after the misunderstanding involving Roxie at the buffet is cleared up.

Fred plans to disguise himself as Jagged in an attempt to reconcile with Wilma. Meanwhile, in the audience, Chip proposes to an unimpressed Wilma. Fred then comes on stage disguised as Jagged and briefly sings to Wilma, apologizing for his behavior earlier before proposing to her. Knowing that she still loves Fred, Wilma happily accepts, rejecting Chip, and they marry in the Rock Vegas Chapel of Love. After the pastor proclaims them husband and wife, everyone sings "Meet the Flintstones." When Jagged sings "Viva Rock Vegas" at a party, Betty catches Wilma's tossed bouquet and kisses Barney. The newlyweds drive away with Dino and Gazoo to goodbye waves from their friends, family, and even a handcuffed Chip and Roxie.

Cast
 Mark Addy as Fred Flintstone, a crane operator. He was played by John Goodman in the first film.
 Stephen Baldwin as Barney Rubble, a crane operator and Fred's best friend. He was played by Rick Moranis in the first film.
 Kristen Johnston as Wilma Slaghoople, the heir to the Slaghoople fortune and Fred's love interest. She was played by Elizabeth Perkins in the first film.
 Jane Krakowski as Betty O'Shale, a waitress at Bronto King, Wilma's best friend and Barney's love interest. She was played by Rosie O'Donnell in the first film.
 Thomas Gibson as Chip Rockefeller, a casino owner who falls for Wilma.
 Alan Cumming as The Great Gazoo, an alien who befriends Fred and Barney.
 Cumming also portrays Mick Jagged, the Stones' English lead singer.
 Harvey Korman as Colonel Slaghoople, Wilma's father. Korman previously voiced the Great Gazoo in the original television series and the Dictabird in the first film.
 Joan Collins as Pearl Slaghoople, Wilma's mother. She was played by Elizabeth Taylor in the first film.
 Alex Meneses as Roxie, Chip's girlfriend who assists in his plot.
 Tony Longo as Big Rocko, a tough gangster who seeks to collect the money that Chip owes his unnamed boss.
 Danny Woodburn as Little Rocko, a short gangster who seeks to collect the money that Chip owes his unnamed boss.
 John Taylor as Keith Rockhard.
 Irwin Keyes as Joe Rockhead, reprising his role from the first film.
 Taylor Negron as Gazaam and Gazing, aliens from Gazoo's race.
 Mel Blanc (archive footage, voice) as Puppy Dino; Blanc previously voiced Barney, Dino and numerous characters in the original series.
 William Hanna (special appearance) as himself
 Joseph Barbera (special appearance) as himself
 John Stephenson as the voice of the Showroom Announcer; Stephenson previously voiced a number of guest characters in the original series, most notably Mr. Slate and Count Rockula.
 Stephenson also voices the Minister who marries Fred and Wilma.
 Rosie O'Donnell as the voice of the Octopus giving Wilma and Betty massages; O'Donnell previously portrayed Betty in the first film.
 John Cho as Parking valet
 Kristen Stewart as Ring Toss Girl
 Steve Schirripa as Croupier
 Cheryl Holdridge as Genvieve, party guest of Wilma
 Jim Doughan as Dinosaur Confessor. Doughan previously portrayed a waiter in the first film.

Puppeteers
 David Barclay (lead)
 Kevin Carlson
 Tom Fisher
 Terri Hardin
 Bruce Lanoil
 Michelan Sisti
 Allan Trautman

Production
Korman, who played Wilma's father Colonel Slaghoople, voiced The Great Gazoo in the animated series and also voiced the Dictabird in the first film. Stephenson, who voiced both the Showroom announcer and the Minister, voiced Mr. Slate in the animated series. Krakowski had been reluctant to play Betty, feeling she would be overshadowing O'Donnell, until O'Donnell congratulated her for getting the role with flowers and a card that said "From Betty #1 to Betty #2, Now Yabba Dabba Do It!"

Music
Ann-Margret, who had a memorable guest appearance on the original animated series as the title character in "Ann-Margrock Presents," sings the theme song, a slightly rewritten version of Viva Las Vegas.

Release

Box office
The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas opened theatrically on April 28, 2000, and earned $10,518,435 in its first weekend, ranking second to U-571 second weekend. The film ended its run on August 17, 2000, having grossed $35,268,275 domestically and $24,200,000 overseas for a worldwide total of $59,468,275. Based on an $83 million budget, the film was a box office bomb. This was an extreme disappointment compared to the first film's $358.5 million worldwide gross.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas has a 25% score, based on 72 reviews, with an average rating of 4/10. The site's critical consensus states: "The prequel to the first full-length feature set in Bedrock, Viva Rock Vegas is a surprising improvement over The Flintstones. Aimed towards an audience of adults and children alike, critics feel Viva will appeal to a broad range of viewers." Metacritic reports a 27 out of 100 rating, based on 26 reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews." Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale, the same rating as its predecessor.

Accolades
The film was nominated for four Razzies at the 21st Golden Raspberry Awards:
 Worst Picture
 Worst Supporting Actor (Stephen Baldwin)
 Worst Supporting Actress (Joan Collins)
 Worst Remake or Sequel

At the 2000 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, it won the award for Worst Resurrection of a TV Show. It also received seven nominations in total; its other nominations were for:
 Worst Supporting Actor (Stephen Baldwin)
 Worst Song ("Viva Rock Vegas" by Ann-Margret)
 Worst On-Screen Hairstyle (Stephen Baldwin)
 Worst Remake or Sequel
 The Remake or Sequel Nobody Was Clamoring For
 Most Unfunny Comic Relief (Alan Cumming as The Great Gazoo and Mick Jagged)

See also
 List of films set in Las Vegas

References

External links

The Flintstones films
2000 films
American films with live action and animation
2000s science fiction comedy films
2000 romantic comedy films
Amblin Entertainment films
Films about dinosaurs
Films about vacationing
Films about weddings
American children's comedy films
American science fiction comedy films
American romantic comedy films
Films directed by Brian Levant
Puppet films
Live-action films based on animated series
Films scored by David Newman
Hanna-Barbera animated films
Universal Pictures films
2000 animated films
2000s children's animated films
2000s children's comedy films
2000s English-language films
Films produced by Bruce Cohen
2000s American films
American prequel films

The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas


John Bryson Hunter (6 April 1878 – 12 January 1966), also known as "Sailor" Hunter, was a Scottish football player and manager. He is most notable as Motherwell's first and longest-serving manager, who guided the team to their only Scottish league title in the 1931–32 season.

Playing career
Hunter was born in Johnstone, Renfrewshire, and at the age of 18 he signed for Abercorn, who had been relegated to Division Two the previous season. While Abercorn did not improve any during his time there – in his final season they finished bottom of the Second Division and thus bottom of the League, Hunter was duly signed by Liverpool. He was part of the Liverpool side that won their first ever English league championship in 1900–01. A year later he moved back to Scotland, signing for Hearts for £300 in a joint transfer with Tom Robertson. He was part of the Hearts side that lost the 1903 Scottish Cup final to Rangers.

In 1904 he joined Woolwich Arsenal in a £165 transfer, playing 22 times for them in 1904–05 before joining Portsmouth of the Southern League. It was when he joined Dundee in 1907, that he became a prolific goalscorer and earned his only cap for Scotland in a 3–2 defeat by Wales at Wrexham. In the 1910 Scottish Cup final Dundee were up against a strong Clyde team who had knocked out the champions Celtic 3–1 in the semi-final, and were 2–0 up in the final with six minutes to play, when Hunter scored a goal to give Dundee hope. Two minutes later Dundee equalised. The first replay ended in a 0–0 draw but Dundee won the second replay 2–1, with Hunter scoring the winning goal. He signed for Clyde in September 1910, but injury forced him to retire six months later.

Managerial career
Two months later, in April 1911, Hunter was appointed secretary-manager at Motherwell at the age of 32. Motherwell had finished second bottom of Division One in the previous season, just above relegated Queens Park. Hunter would improve their position slightly in the following season, and the reserve side had won their League title. Motherwell improved steadily, although the First World War interrupted this progress. In 1916–17 Hunter gave a debut to young centre-forward Hughie Ferguson, who scored and followed it up with a hat-trick a week later against Dundee. Ferguson was Motherwell's top scorer in every season he played at Fir Park, and to this day he remains Motherwell's all-time top scorer. For the next four seasons Motherwell never finished lower than fifth in the league, but over time financial restraints began to tell on the club; local unemployment was higher than it had ever been and crowds were down, and the club had to abandon their reserve team. Motherwell began to slip in the league and they finished the 1924–25 third from bottom, on the same points total as the two teams immediately below them: only Ferguson's goals that kept them up. The following season started off pretty well for Motherwell but in October Hughie Ferguson was sold to Cardiff City.

Hunter had a replacement for Ferguson in Willie MacFadyen, who would more than justify the managers faith in him. Motherwell finished fifth that season and for the next eight seasons they would not finish lower than third, with a League title in 1931–32. Hunter would remain as manager at Fir Park until 1946 when George Stevenson, inside left and playmaker of the team which won the Championship would take over. Sailor found it hard to leave Fir Park and remained as club secretary until his retirement in 1959 at the age of 80. The club granted him a weekly pension upon his retirement. He died in January 1966.

On 9 November 2016, Motherwell FC renamed the East Stand at Fir Park the 'John Hunter Stand' with the club saying at the time:

On 4 November 2020, it was announced that Hunter was to be inducted into the Motherwell F.C. Hall of Fame.

Honours

As a player
Scottish Cup: 1910; Runner-up 1903

As a manager
Scottish First Division (Level 1): 1932
Scottish Cup: Runner-up 1931, 1933, 1939

References

External links
Profile at LFCHistory.net

1878 births
1966 deaths
Abercorn F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Men's association football forwards
Clyde F.C. players
Dundee F.C. players
Heart of Midlothian F.C. players
Liverpool F.C. players
Motherwell F.C. managers
Footballers from Johnstone
Portsmouth F.C. players
Scotland men's international footballers
Scottish Football League managers
Scottish Football League players
Scottish football managers
Scottish men's footballers
English Football League players
Scottish league football top scorers

John Hunter (footballer, born 1878)


"Ole Bull and Old Dan Tucker" is a traditional American song. Several different versions are known, the earliest published in 1844 by the Boston-based Charles Keith company. The song's lyrics tell of the rivalry and contest of skill between Ole Bull (named for Ole Bournemann Bull, a famous violinist) and Dan Tucker (title character of the blackface hit of the same name). The song also satirizes the low pay earned by early minstrel performers: "Ole Bull come to town one day [and] got five hundred for to play."

The song was fairly popular in the minstrel show's first few years. Winans's research found it in 19% of minstrel show programs for the 1843-7 period. A localized version is known, called "Philadelphia Old Bull and Old Dan Tucker".

Notes

References
 Mahar, William J. (1999). Behind the Burnt Cork Mask: Early Blackface Minstrelsy and Antebellum American Popular Culture. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
 Winans, Robert B. (1996). "Early Minstrel Show Music, 1843–1852". Inside the Minstrel Mask: Readings in Nineteenth-Century Blackface Minstrelsy. Hanover, New Hampshire: Wesleyan University Press.

Songs about old age
1844 songs
Blackface minstrel songs

Ole Bull and Old Dan Tucker


John Dee Loudermilk Jr. (March 31, 1934 – September 21, 2016) was an American singer and songwriter. Although he had his own recording career during the 1950s and 1960s, he was primarily known as a songwriter.

His best-known songs include "Indian Reservation", a 1968 hit for UK singer Don Fardon and a  U.S. No. 1 hit in 1971 for Paul Revere & the Raiders. He wrote "Ebony Eyes", a 1961 U.K. No. 1 and U.S. No. 8 for the Everly Brothers, and also wrote "Tobacco Road", a 1964 Top 20 hit in both the U.S. and the U.K. for the Nashville Teens, "This Little Bird", a U.K. No. 6 for Marianne Faithfull in 1965, and "Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye", a U.S. Top Ten hit in 1967 for the Casinos. That song was also a U.S. No. 1 country hit for Eddy Arnold in the following year.

Early life and career
Loudermilk was born in Durham, North Carolina, to Pauline and John D. Loudermilk Sr., an illiterate carpenter. John D. Jr.'s family were members of the Salvation Army. He was influenced by the church singing of the Christian Church. His cousins Ira and Charlie Loudermilk were known professionally as the Louvin Brothers. Loudermilk was a graduate of Campbell College (now Campbell University), a private North Carolina Baptist Convention-owned college in Buies Creek, North Carolina.

As a young boy, Loudermilk learned the guitar, and while still in his teens wrote a poem that he set to music, "A Rose and a Baby Ruth". The owners of local television station WTVD, where he worked as a graphic artist, allowed him to play the song on-air, resulting in country musician George Hamilton IV putting it on record in 1956. It spent 20 weeks on the Billboard magazine pop chart, reaching No. 6.

After Eddie Cochran had his first hit record with Loudermilk's "Sittin' in the Balcony", Loudermilk's career path was under way.

Loudermilk recorded some of his own songs—including "Sittin' in the Balcony", which reached No. 38 on the pop charts in 1957—as "Johnny Dee", for the North Carolina-based Colonial Records label.

In 1958, he signed with Columbia Records and recorded five unsuccessful singles to 1959, including the original version of "Tobacco Road". In 1961, he signed with RCA Victor, where he had a number of hits:

 "Language of Love" (US No. 32, UK Top 20) in 1961
 "Thou Shalt Not Steal" (US No. 73) in 1962
 "Callin' Doctor Casey" (US No. 83) in 1962
 "Road Hog" (US No. 65) in 1962

It was as a songwriter that Loudermilk made his mark. In 1963 he wrote another all-time hit for George Hamilton IV, "Abilene". Working out of the country music capital of Nashville, Tennessee, Loudermilk became one of the most productive songwriters of the 1960s and 1970s, penning country and pop music hits for the Everly Brothers, Johnny Tillotson, Chet Atkins, the Nashville Teens, Paul Revere & the Raiders, Johnny Cash, Marianne Faithfull, Stonewall Jackson, Kris Jensen, Sue Thompson and others. His song "The Pale Faced Indian" (later known as "Indian Reservation") was a hit in the 1970s; and "Tobacco Road" was a hit in the 1960s and 1970s for, among others, the Nashville Teens, Blues Magoos, Eric Burdon & War, and David Lee Roth. Several singers recorded "Midnight Bus"; Loudermilk commented that the best was by Betty McQuade in Melbourne, Australia.

After suffering from prostate cancer and respiratory ailments, Loudermilk died on September 21, 2016, at his home in Christiana, Tennessee. He was 82. The actual cause of death was a heart attack, according to his son Michael.

The John D. Loudermilk Collection is in the Southern Folklife Collection of the Wilson Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

"Indian Reservation"

A well-known story surrounding one of Loudermilk's songs is that, when he was asked by the Viva! NashVegas radio show about the origins of the Raiders' hit song "Indian Reservation", he fabricated the story that he wrote the song after his car was snowed in by a blizzard and he was taken in by Cherokee Indians. A self-professed prankster, he spun the tale that a Cherokee chieftain, "Bloody Bear Tooth" asked him to make a song about his people's plight and the Trail of Tears, even going so far as to claim that he had later been awarded "the first medal of the Cherokee Nation", not for writing the song, but for his "blood"; further fabricating that his "great-great grandparents, Homer and Matilda Loudermilk" were listed on the Dawes Rolls. Had this tall tale been true, he would have been a citizen of the Cherokee Nation, which he was not.

In spite of the song's title, neither the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, nor the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, nor the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma communities (the only federally-recognized Cherokee tribes) are known as "reservations".

Notable compositions
 "Abilene" (a hit for George Hamilton IV)
 "Angela Jones" (a hit in the US for Johnny Ferguson and in the UK for Michael Cox)
 "A Rose and a Baby Ruth" (a hit for George Hamilton IV)
 "Bad News" (covered by Johnny Cash, Johnny Winter, Whitey Morgan and the 78's, and George Thorogood)
 "Big Daddy ('s Alabamy Bound)" (covered by Boots Randolph, Chet Atkins, Jerry Reed, and The Willis Brothers)
 "Blue Train" (George Hamilton IV – 1972)
 "Break My Mind" (covered by George Hamilton IV, Anne Murray, Sammy Davis Jr., Glen Campbell, Linda Ronstadt, Roy Orbison, Gram Parsons, Wreckless Eric, Jerry Lee Lewis, The Flying Burrito Brothers, Vern Gosdin, The Box Tops and Crystal Gayle)
 "(He's My) Dreamboat" (a hit for Connie Francis)
 "Ebony Eyes" (a hit for the Everly Brothers)
 "Everything's Alright" (a No. 16 Billboard hit for the Newbeats)
 "Google Eye" (a hit for the Nashville Teens)
 "The Great Snowman" (Bob Luman)
 "Hey Ma ! (Hide The Daughter)" (a single for "Little" Jimmy Dickens, 1959)
 "He's Just a Scientist" (a notable recording by John D. Loudermilk himself, also recorded by Connie Francis in 1961, but unreleased until 1987)
 "I Hear It Now" (a notable recording by John D. Loudermilk himself)
 "I Wanna Live" (a hit for Glen Campbell)
 "I'll Never Tell" (recorded by Roy Orbison)
 "Indian Reservation" (a hit for Don Fardon and later for Paul Revere and The Raiders; also included in "Indian Outlaw")
 "Norman" (a hit for Sue Thompson)
 "Paper Tiger" (a hit for Sue Thompson)
 "Road Hog" (1962, A Portuguese version called "O Calhambeque" released in 1963 by Brazilian singer Roberto Carlos is a very big hit in Brazil, well known to the public until today; same story in France with Joe Dassin's version "Bip bip" in 1964)
 "Sad Movies (Make Me Cry)" (a hit for Sue Thompson)(covered by Boney M; there's a Portuguese version, "Filme Triste", released in 1962 by Brazilian vocal group Trio Esperança)
 "Sittin' in the Balcony" ( a hit for Eddie Cochran)
 "Sun Glasses", (recorded in 1965 by Skeeter Davis, and in 1967 by Sandy Posey, became a hit in UK in 1984 for Tracey Ullman)
 "Talk Back Trembling Lips" (a hit for both Ernest Ashworth and Johnny Tillotson)
 "The Language of Love"
 "Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye" (a hit for The Casinos (1967), Eddy Arnold (1968), Glen Campbell (1976), Toby Beau (1979), Neal McCoy (1996); also covered by more than a dozen others including Bettye Swann & Johnny Nash
 "This Little Bird" (a hit for Marianne Faithfull and The Nashville Teens)
 "Thou Shalt Not Steal" (a hit for Dick and Dee Dee)
 "Tobacco Road" (a hit for The Nashville Teens (1964); also recorded by Lou Rawls (1963, 1966), the Blues Magoos (1966), Jefferson Airplane (1966), Rare Earth (1969), Edgar Winter's White Trash (1970), David Lee Roth (1985) and many more)
 "Top 40, News, Weather and Sports" recorded 1961 by Mark Dinning
 "Torture" (a hit in English for Kris Jensen, also recorded in French and German as "Cœur blessé" and Italian as "Pagherai" by Petula Clark)
 "Turn Me On" (made famous by Norah Jones' cover)
 "Waterloo" (a hit for Stonewall Jackson)
 "Weep No More My Baby" (B-side to Brenda Lee's hit "Sweet Nothin's")
 "What A Woman in Love Won't Do" (Sandy Posey)
 "Windy and Warm" (Played by guitarists Chet Atkins and Doc Watson)
 "Writing On The Wall" (recorded by Moon Mullican)
 "You Call It Joggin' (I Call It Runnin' Around) (recorded by Mose Allison and Jimmy Buffett)

Discography

Albums

Singles

Guest singles

Notes

References

External links

John D. Loudermilk Collection, Southern Folklife Collection, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
John D. Loudermilk Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (July 16, 2014)

1934 births
2016 deaths
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male musicians
American acoustic guitarists
American country guitarists
American country singer-songwriters
American male guitarists
American male singer-songwriters
Colonial Records
Country musicians from North Carolina
Country musicians from Tennessee
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from cancer in Tennessee
Grammy Award winners
Guitarists from North Carolina
Impostors
Musicians from Durham, North Carolina
RCA Victor artists
Singer-songwriters from North Carolina
Singer-songwriters from Tennessee

John D. Loudermilk


Highlands J (HJ) virus is a zoonotic alphavirus native to North and South America. It maintains a natural reservoir in the songbird population of freshwater swamps (generally scrub jays and blue jays) and is transmitted by the bite of the female Culiseta melanura mosquito.

Though nearly identical in structure and natural cycle to the Eastern equine encephalitis virus, it is considerably less virulent than its cousin, causing relatively mild symptoms in its primary avian reservoir and only nominally capable of transmission to mammals. A 1995 study conducted in Florida swampland found that 15% of swamp-dwelling jays tested positive for HJ antibodies, all of which were asymptomatic and in apparent good health. Recorded bird deaths from HJ infection are uncommon but not rare, and include several domestic turkeys at a commercial facility and young broiler chickens in an experimental setting.

Transmission to equines or humans via mosquito is also possible, though even more rare. During the 1990-1991 St. Louis encephalitis outbreak in Missouri, 4 patients were found to be comorbidly infected with SLE and HJ, though no harmful effects were attributed to the HJ alone. A limited survey of swamp-dwelling rodents in Florida found one cotton mouse and one cotton rat with antibodies to HJ, both asymptomatic. The sole mammalian fatality attributed to HJ was a Florida horse originally diagnosed with Western equine encephalitis in 1964, which was later redetermined in 1989 to have been caused by HJ.

Despite its negligible virulence in humans, it is often tested for in US domestic mosquito control programs as an indicator of fruitful conditions for other mosquito-borne zoonoses to multiply.

References

The Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, (3rd ed). Elsevier Inc, 2007.

Horse diseases
Alphaviruses
Animal viral diseases

Highlands J virus


Lorraine Copeland (born Elizabeth Lorraine Adie, 1921April 2013) was a British archaeologist specialising in the Palaeolithic period of the Near East. She was a secret agent with the Special Operations Executive during World War II.

Early life
In 1921, Copeland was born as Elizabeth Lorraine Adie in Edinburgh, Scotland. Her father was a neurosurgeon on Harley Street in London, and she was privately educated at Wycombe Abbey girls' school in Buckinghamshire.

Special Operations Executive
Copeland worked for British Intelligence during the Second World War, in the Special Operations Executive. She met her American husband, Miles Copeland, Jr., during this period, when he was based in the UK undertaking counter-intelligence for the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps. They married on 25 September 1942 and soon afterwards Miles' work took them to the Near East, particularly Syria, Lebanon and Egypt, and it was whilst in this area that Copeland first developed her interest in archaeology.

Archaeology
Copeland worked in the field of Palaeolithic archaeology for over fifty years, and was associated with the University College London Institute of Archaeology. She was an adviser to the Stone Age Institute. In 2004 the festschrift "From the River to the Sea: The Palaeolithic and the Neolithic on the Euphrates and in the Northern Levant " was published in her honour.

Family
Copeland married Miles on 25 September 1942 at St Mary's Church, Great Portland Street, London. The couple had four children, all of whom went on to have notable careers: their eldest son Miles Copeland III (born 2 May 1944) as an executive in the entertainment industry, Ian Copeland (born 25 April 1949) as a music promoter and booking agent, Lorraine "Lennie" Copeland as a writer and film producer, and Stewart Copeland (born 16 July 1952) as a musician best known as the drummer for the band The Police. Her husband Miles died on 14 January 1991, and her son Ian predeceased her in May 2006. Lorraine Copeland died at Chateau Marouatte in Dordogne, France, on 27 April 2013. She is buried next to her husband Miles in the churchyard of St Peter and St Paul's Church, Aston Rowant, Oxfordshire.

Partial bibliography
Copeland, Lorraine and Waechter, John (1968) "The Stone Industries of Abri Bergy, Lebanon" Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology, University of London 7, 15–36.
Copeland, Lorraine (1975) "The Middle and Upper Paleolithic of Lebanon and Syria in the Light of Recent Research" in Fred Wendorf and Anthony E. Marks, eds., Problems in Prehistory: North Africa and the Levant Dallas.
Copeland, Lorraine and Hours, Francis (eds) (1989) The Hammer on the Rock: Studies in the Early Palaeolithic of Azraq, Jordan. Maison de L'Orient Méditerranéen C.N.R.S.-Université Lumière-Lyon 2, Lyon, France, Archaeological Series No. 5 BAR S540. .
Sanlaville, Paul; Besançon, Jacques; Copeland, Lorraine and Muhesen, Sultan (1993) Le Paléolithique de la vallée moyenne de l'Oronte (Syrie): peuplement et environment BAR S587. .
Copeland, Lorraine and Moloney, Norah (eds) (1998) The Mousterian Site of Ras el-Kelb, Lebanon BAR IS 706. .

Related publications
Aurenche, Olivier; Le Mière, Marie and Sanlaville, Paul (eds) (2004) From the River to the Sea: The Paleolithic and the Neolithic on the Euphrates and in the Northern Levant. Studies in honour of Lorraine Copeland Maison de l'Orient Méditerranéen BAR S1263 . A full bibliography of Lorraine Copeland's work is provided in this volume.

References

Sources
 "In Memoriam. Lorraine Copeland (1921-2013)", Andrew N. Garrard, and Olivier Aurenche and Paul Sanlaville, 2014, Paléorient 40:1, pp 5–8. Online at Lorraine Copeland (1921-2013).
 Copeland, Miles (1989) The Game Player: Confessions of the CIA's Original Political Operative London

1921 births
2013 deaths
British archaeologists
British women archaeologists
People associated with the UCL Institute of Archaeology
British Special Operations Executive personnel
People educated at Wycombe Abbey
Members of the Order of the British Empire
The Police
Copeland family

Lorraine Copeland


Johnny Cuthbert (9 July 1904 – 29 August 1987) was a British boxer who was British featherweight champion between 1927 and 1928, and again from 1929 to 1931, winning the Lonsdale Belt outright, and British lightweight champion between 1932 and 1934.

Career

Early career and featherweight title
Born in Sheffield in 1904, Johnny Cuthbert was taught boxing by Ben Stanton as a reward for attending the Reverend Harold Ewbank's Sunday School classes.

He made his professional boxing debut in February 1920. After facing inexperienced opposition during his first two years as a pro, he beat then Scottish Area bantamweight champion (and future British, Empire, and European flyweight champion) Elky Clark on points in January 1924. During a 15-fight unbeaten run between 1923 and 1924 he beat Harry Corbett and Billy Hindley, before travelling to the United States for a series of fights. After losing his first five US fights, including a defeat at the hands of Chick Suggs, he won his final fight before returning to England.

In March 1925, he lost to former British, Empire, and European bantamweight champion Bugler Harry Lake, but avenged this two months later, only three weeks after beating Johnny Curley over 15 rounds. In another successful run during 1925 he also beat Jack Kid Berg, but in August he lost to Corbett, starting a run of four straight defeats, including losses to European bantamweight champion Johnny Brown, Joe Fox, and Berg.

He was unbeaten again in 20 fights between March and December 1926, including wins over Lake, Curley, and Corbett (twice), finally earning him a shot at Curley's British featherweight title in January 1927; Cuthbert took a points decision to become British champion. He lost the title to Corbett in March 1928 in the last British title fight over 20 rounds. In November 1928 he drew with World bantamweight champion Al Brown in Paris.

He challenged for the title again a year later against Corbett, but the fight ended in a draw. He regained it at the second attempt in May 1928, beating Corbett on points at Olympia. He successfully defended the title in May 1929 against Dom Volante, and retained it in November 1930 after a drawn bout against Nel Tarleton. He beat Al Brown in June 1931, Brown disqualified for hitting low. His third defence, against Al Foreman (with the British Empire title also at stake), also ended in a draw. He lost the title in October 1931 when Tarleton took a points decision at Anfield. Cuthbert ran the Old Brown Cow pub in Sheffield and trained in a gym at the back of it.

Lightweight
After repeatedly struggling to make featherweight, Cuthbert moved up to lightweight and after beating Volante in an eliminator faced Jim Hunter in August 1932 for the vacant British title, winning via knockout in the tenth round. Between those two fights he lost on points to Cleto Locatelli in Paris. In October 1932 he beat Tommy Bland on points but suffered a broken jaw during the fight. Two weeks later he announced his retirement from boxing.

In February 1933 he came out of retirement and a month later beat Jim Learoyd at Leeds Town Hall, but lost just a week later to French champion Victor Deckmyn in Paris.

He defended his British title in January 1934, losing to Harry Mizler on points at the Royal Albert Hall. He had three further fights, a defeat to British featherweight champion Seaman Tommy Watson, a win over Canadian lightweight champion Tommy Bland, and a loss to NBA World featherweight champion Freddie Miller, before retiring from the sport for good.

After boxing
Cuthbert had first applied for a referee's licence in April 1934, and refereed several bouts in 1935; By 1933 he had moved to Boston, Lincolnshire, where he ran The Old Mill pub. He again planned to move into refereeing in the late 1930s. He went on to become a boxing trainer, working at the Consett Gym with the likes of Glenn McCrory, and at the Boston ABC. He boxed an exhibition bout in a charity tournament in aid of Grantham Hospital in August 1944.

Johnny Cuthbert died in 1987, aged 83.

References

External links
Career record at boxinghistory.org.uk

1904 births
1987 deaths
Sportspeople from Sheffield
English male boxers
Featherweight boxers
Lightweight boxers

Johnny Cuthbert


This is a list of notable travel and tourism magazines.

Travel and tourism-related magazines

In circulation

 Afar (2009)
 Arthur Frommer's Budget Travel (1999; published by Intellitravel Media)
 British Columbia Magazine (1959; My Passion Media)
 Caravan (1933; Warners Midlands Plc)
 Caribbean Beat (1992; published by Media and Editorial Projects Limited, inflight magazine of Caribbean Airlines)
 Condé Nast Traveler (1987; published by Condé Nast Publications)
 Darling (2009)
 Departures Magazine (1984; published by American Express Publishing)
 EnRoute, inflight magazine of Air Canada
 Escapism Travel Magazine
 Executive Travel magazine (2002; published by American Express)
 FIDO Friendly (2003)
 Get Lost Magazine (2004; published by Grin Creative)
 Hana Hou! (1998; published by Pacific Travelogue Inc., as the inflight magazine of Hawaiian Airlines)
 Islands (published by Bonnier Corporation)
 Holiday (1946–1977; Curtis Publishing Company, relaunched in Paris, France, in 2014)
 Lonely Planet Traveller (2009; published by the BBC in the UK, monthly. Also Argentine, Singaporean and Indian editions, also published in the Netherlands and Germany by Pijper Media six times a year)
 Maui No Ka 'Oi Magazine (published by the Haynes Publishing Group, bi-monthly regional travel focus)
 Merian (1948; , published by Jahreszeiten Verlag, Hamburg)
 Metropolis (1994)
 National Geographic Traveler (1984; National Geographic)
 Outside (1977; published by Mariah Media)
 New Mexico Magazine (1923; published by the New Mexico Tourism Department)
 Road & Travel Magazine (1989; published by Caldwell Communications, Michigan)
 RoadRUNNER (2001; published by RoadRUNNER Publishing, focuses on motorcycle touring and travel)
 Saveur (1994; published by Bonnier Corporation)
 Sidetrip Travel Magazine (Manila, focuses on travel in the Philippines)
 Sports+Travel Hong Kong (Hong Kong, free magazine that focuses on sports related travel from Hong Kong)
 Suitcase Magazine (2012; published by SUITCASE Magazine)
 The Sunday Times Travel Magazine (2003; [UK] published by News UK)
 Sunset (1898; Sunset Publishing Corporation)
 Texas Highways (1980)
 TNT (1983; published by TNT Publishing, London, free magazine for Australian, New Zealand and South African expatriates)
 Today's Traveller (1997; published by Gill India Communications Pvt. Ltd. (GICPL), Indian international travel magazine)
 Travel + Leisure (1971; published by Exposure Media Marketing)
 Travel Agent (1930; trade, published by Questex Media Group)
 Travel in Taiwan (Vision International Publishing Co. Ltd., on behalf of the Taiwan Tourism Bureau)
 Travel Trade Gazette (TTG) (1953; trade, published by United Bupsiness Media, London)
 Vagabond (1987, Sweden)
 Wanderlust Magazine (1993; Independent; eight issues per annum; editor and publisher is Lyn Hughes)
 Weg! (2004; , published by Media24)
 Where (1938)
 Yankee (1935)
Arizona Highways (1921) published by the Arizona Department of Transportation)
Discovery Tanzania (2022) A tourism-oriented adventure magazine published in East Africa
Geoparks Africa (2021) A dedicated online travel magazine for Geo-tourism and World Heritage Sites

Out of print
 Blue (1997–2000; tourism magazine)
 Caribbean Travel & Life (c. 1986–2013; published by Bonnier Corporation, replaced by Islands magazine)
 Gulfscapes Magazine (2001–2012; published by Craig and Victoria Rogers)
 Travel + Leisure Golf (1998–2009; American Express)
 Travel Holiday (1901–2003; New York Central Railroad, Shane family, Reader's Digest, Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.)
 Walkabout magazine (1934–1974; Australian National Travel Association)

References

Travel

Magazines

List of travel magazines


The Vimy Foundation is a charity focused on raising awareness of the role Canada played in World War I and the implications of Canada's success in the Battle of Vimy Ridge on April 9, 1917. The Vimy Foundation was founded in 1996 by John Andrew Powell (son of Ray Edwin Powell), with support from Sir Nicholas Bonsor. Its office is located in Toronto, Canada.

Mission
The mission of The Vimy Foundation is to preserve and promote Canada's First World War legacy as symbolized by the victory at Vimy Ridge in April 1917. All activities originated by the Foundation have this aspect in mind and aim to help educate and raise awareness.

The Foundation's initial step worked to establish a student scholarship program, known as the Beaverbrook Vimy Prize. It is funded by the Beaverbrook Canadian Foundation, whereby 15-20 students ranging from 15 to 17 years of age compete to win a scholarship to Europe. This summer program allows a student group to travel overseas for a week through London and Oxford in the U.K, and a week through northern France, including towns surrounding Vimy, Dieppe, and Normandy. This is an educational trip staffed by historians and secondary school teachers. Students are mostly Canadian but include one or two from France and England. The purpose of this inter-cultural grouping lies in creating a dynamically well-rounded experience for the students, as all countries were involved in the Battle of Vimy Ridge as part of the allied forces and as well have historic ties to Canada. The Canadian scholarship recipients, in the year following their trip, address their student bodies as well as provide interviews with various Canadian press outlets and attend related functions. These activities allow the recipients to share their knowledge and experiences with a number of Canadians, and play a role in spreading awareness.

This initiative was broadened through an alliance with Encounters with Canada (Encounters). Encounters is the country's largest youth forum and is based in Ottawa. Each week a group of approximately 150 Canadian high school students, from all parts of the country, gather in Ottawa in a classroom setting to focus on a particular theme regarding Canada. There are twelve areas of focus ranging from history, arts, politics, and medicine.  Encounters was inspired by what The Vimy Foundation was aiming to accomplish and proposed to create a new theme, which is labeled Vimy: Canada's Coming of Age. This program proved a success and Encounters now runs it on the basis of two consecutive weeks surrounding the date of Vimy Ridge Day, which is April 9 of each year. Approximately 300 students from all parts of Canada participate in this program annually.

Vimy Pin
The Foundation views this program as having the largest potential in terms of raising awareness. A national survey suggested that over 2/3rds of Canadians would be prepared to wear a pin recognizing Vimy Ridge Day. The same survey underlined that less than 1/3rd of Canadians recognized what Vimy Ridge was or that it was significant, and of these a potentially large portion were not aware of the circumstances or why it was significant. The Foundation aims to have the pin recognized and worn by the majority of Canadians. The National Post newspaper dubbed the pin as "April's Poppy".

Among others, hockey commentator Don Cherry endorsed the Vimy Pin.  On CBC's Hockey Night in Canada he declared "I strongly support the Vimy Pin campaign, and I believe all Canadians should proudly wear the pin every April 9th."

In 2012, the Cadets of Ontario received permission to include the Vimy Pin as part of their uniform, and approximately 20,000 of these cadets now wear this pin as part of their attire. Efforts are being made to expand this permission nationally, where approximately 150,000 cadets could be expected to include the pin as part of their uniform. For the past four years all Canadian Members of Parliament have worn a Vimy Pin on April 9, Vimy Ridge Day, in the House of Commons. Last year, several alumni of the Beaverbrook Vimy Prize were invited to the Prime Minister's Office to present Prime Minister Stephen Harper with a pin.

Chairman
General Rick Hillier, former head of The Canadian Military and Canada's Chief of Defense Staff, became Honorary Chairman of The Vimy Foundation in 2008.

Vimy Ridge Public School
In 2009, The Vimy Ridge Public School opened in Ajax, Ontario. The Durham District School Board decided to name one of its newest public schools in honour of Canada's victory at the Battle of Vimy Ridge.  This initiative was supported in part by The Vimy Foundation. The school, 45 km northeast of Toronto, opened its doors September 2009. The naming committee voted unanimously for Vimy Ridge. The final selection took only one round of voting.

Activities
At the 90th Anniversary in 2007 35,000 Canadians made the trip to Vimy to celebrate this moment. Of these, 5,000 were Canadian students, all of whom received a Vimy Pin. Also in attendance were Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, The Prime Minister of Canada, The Prime Minister of France, and many number of dignitaries. Several representatives of The Vimy Foundation attended.

In 2009 the Royal Canadian Legion endorsed The Vimy Foundation and the Vimy Pin.

In 2009 representatives from The Vimy Foundation began to take part in the annual Vimy Ridge Day commemorative ceremonies at the National War Memorial in Ottawa. Four Vimy Prize winners were invited by Veterans Affairs Canada to lay a wreath during the ceremony, representing the youth of Canada. A strong connection exists between the Foundation and Veterans Affairs Canada.

In 2010, French Ambassador to Canada François Delattre was so impressed with what the Foundation was trying to accomplish, he offered the French Embassy to The Vimy Foundation for a fund raising event in 2011 - to coincide with April 9, Vimy Ridge Day. The French Embassy funded the entire occasion allowing for all contributions made to be dedicated to The Vimy Foundation programs. This event has become an annual affair. François Delattre became Ambassador to the United States based in Washington DC in 2011. In 2014 he became the Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations in New York and head of France's UN mission.

In 2010, the Ontario Legislature proclaimed Vimy Ridge Day. The Ontario Provincial Legislature passed a new Bill proclaiming April 9 Vimy Ridge Day throughout the province. The Bill requires all Canadian flags on provincial buildings and grounds to be flown at half-mast.

In 2011, the Royal Canadian Legion Pilgrimage Medal was donated to the Canadian War Museum. This medal was worn by King Edward VIII in the unveiling of the Vimy Memorial on July 26, 1936. It had stayed in various private collections since that time but was put up for auction at Sotheby's, along with 20 other items given by the former King to Wallis Simpson, the woman for whom he abdicated the throne only a few months after the Vimy unveiling, which he personally attended and ordained. Andrew Powell, Founder and President Emeritus of The Vimy Foundation, partnered with fellow Canadian John McCall MacBain in co-purchasing this medal. Working closely with the Canadian War Museum, Mr. Powell and Mr. MacBain arranged to have the newly purchased medal sent to Canada where it will remain in the Museum's permanent collection.

In the summer of 2011, two Vimy Prize Alumni met with Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and his wife Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. The Foundation was contacted by the Governor General's office to have two Beaverbrook Vimy Prize winners participate in a small reception in honour of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge while they toured Canada that summer. The event was to celebrate the exceptional service of Canadian youth towards a smart and caring nation and created an intimate setting for The Prince and his wife with the selected young Canadians. The reception was hosted by David Johnston, Governor General of Canada, his wife Sharon Johnston, Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, and his wife Laureen Harper. Each group represented, including The Vimy Foundation, had an allocated time period to meet directly with Prince William and Kate and their hosts.

In October 2011 two Vimy Foundation Board members were awarded the Minister of Veterans Affairs Commendation by the Canadian federal government. The awards were granted by the Steven Blaney, Minister of Veterans Affairs.

In November 2012 the Bank of Canada began to circulate a new $20 Canadian Bill. The back side of the bill is dedicated to Vimy and pictures the Memorial. This is in part the result of the efforts of The Vimy Foundation. The Vimy Foundation believes this underlines the importance of what it is aiming to accomplish in raising awareness. Such major developments underline that the most credible groups are recognizing the importance of Vimy. Mark Carney, Governor of The Bank of Canada, as well as Jim Flaherty, Canada's Finance Minister, unveiled the new $20 note to a group of students affiliated with The Vimy Foundation. Minister Flaherty at the time reiterated that Vimy was Canada's 'coming of age'. The Vimy Foundation was represented by former Beaverbrook Vimy Prize Winners, from 2012, 2010 and 2009.

Approximately 50,000 Canadians have become aware of The Vimy Foundation, and its purpose, due to direct efforts of the Foundation. Approximately 250,000 Canadians have become aware indirectly (newspaper ads, articles, etc.). The foundation aims to have these numbers grow exponentially to the lead up of the 100th anniversary of Vimy Ridge in 2017.

For Remembrance Day 2017, the foundation partnered with the National Film Board of Canada on the nine-minute short documentary film Return to Vimy Ridge, which combines colourized archival footage with animated sequences.

Funding
The Vimy Foundation has achieved its milestones with primarily one off donations, no endowment fund, and a permanent staff of only two persons. Most involved donate their time. Resources have been donated as well.

Each project has thus far been independently funded. Donors include: The Beaverbrook Canadian Foundation, Toronto Dominion Securities, Shaw Communications, Royal Bank of Canada, the Southam Foundation, the Weston Foundation, the Hudson's Bay Company, True Patriot Love Foundation, and the MacDonald Stewart Foundation. Those which have donated resources include: the National Post and National Public Relations.

More recently some donations have become program specific and span periods of several years  (i.e. The Beaverbrook Canadian Foundation is uniquely funding the Beaverbrook Vimy Prize and TD Securities is funding the Encounters With Canada program).

An additional source of funding is derived from sales of The Vimy Pin.

Footnotes

External links

Official site
Don Cherry video mentioning Vimy Ridge - CBC
Prime Minister Stephen Harper receiving Vimy Pin - Office of The Prime Minister of Canada

Educational organizations based in Ontario
Organizations established in 2006
2006 in Canada
Military of Canada
Organizations based in Montreal
Canada in World War I
Non-profit organizations based in Quebec
Educational organizations based in Quebec

Vimy Foundation


Rusty Allen Ryal (born March 16, 1983) is an American former professional baseball utility man. He was selected by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 14th round of the 2005 MLB Draft, out of Oklahoma State University. He is the son of the former major league player, Mark Ryal.

Early years
Ryal attended to Perry High School in Perry, Oklahoma. Ryal played two seasons at Cowley County Community College and was a NJCAA second team All-American in 2003 and a two-time All-Jayhawk selection.  He Played for the El Dorado Broncos.

Minor League career

In 2009, Ryal was an all-star with the Triple-A Reno Aces, batting .290 with a team-high 17 home runs and 70 RBIs. He also had 33 doubles in 103 games with the Aces.

Major League Baseball
On August 10, 2009, Ryal was called up from the minors after the Diamondbacks demoted center fielder Chris Young to Triple-A Reno. In his first major league at bat, Ryal got a pinch hit single off of Elmer Dessens in the 8th inning against New York Mets. Ryal was 1 for 1 on the night. Ryal hit his first big league home run against Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher Randy Wolf. He hit the last home run ever hit against Randy Johnson on September 22, 2009, in the bottom of the 7th inning.

On December 23, 2010, it was announced that the Diamondbacks had sold him to the Yomiuri Giants of the NPB. He returned to Arizona on November 16, 2011, signing a minor league contract.

On July 25, 2012, Ryal was released by the Diamondbacks to make room for the newly acquired Tyler Bortnick. Ryal then signed with the Atlanta Braves on July 27 and was assigned to their Triple-A affiliate, the Gwinnett Braves.

In December 2012, he signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers and was assigned to the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes. He played in 106 games and hit .265, while spending the majority of his time at first base.

He was traded to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim on September 1, 2013, and was assigned to the Triple-A Salt Lake Bees.

On June 4, 2014, Ryal signed a minor league deal with the Philadelphia Phillies, and was released from the team's Triple-A affiliate on July 17, 2014.

See also
List of second-generation Major League Baseball players

References

External links
, or Oklahoma State Cowboys Bio

1983 births
Living people
Albuquerque Isotopes players
American expatriate baseball players in Japan
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Baseball players from Oklahoma
Gwinnett Braves players
Lancaster JetHawks players
Lehigh Valley IronPigs players
Leones del Caracas players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Major League Baseball second basemen
Major League Baseball third basemen
Missoula Osprey players
Mobile BayBears players
Oklahoma State Cowboys baseball players
Oklahoma State University alumni
People from Ponca City, Oklahoma
Phoenix Desert Dogs players
Reading Fightin Phils players
Reno Aces players
Salt Lake Bees players
Sugar Land Skeeters players
Visalia Oaks players
Yomiuri Giants players

Rusty Ryal


Prostřední Suchá (, ) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of Havířov in 1960. It has a population of 4,595 (2020). The village lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

The name is of topographic origin, supposedly derived from an older name of a hypothetical river or stream Sucha, literally dry, therefore disappearing. The supplementary adjective Prostřední (German: Mittel, Polish: Średnia) means middle denoting its middle location in comparison to sister settlements: Dolní Suchá (Lower) and Horní Suchá (Upper).

History
The village evolved in between the sister settlements of Dolní Suchá and Horní Suchá. In 1725 a local manor is mentioned as Statek w Postrzedni Suchey leżyczy.

After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed at least since 1880 to political district and legal district of Freistadt.

According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 860 in 1880 to 3,052 in 1910. In terms of the dominant language spoken colloquially the  majority were Polish-speakers (dropping from 67.8% in 1880 to 55.3% in 1910), followed by Czech-speakers (growing from 32.1% in 1880 to 42.8% in 1910), accompanied by German-speakers (at most 55 or 1.8% in 1910) and in 1910 by 3 others. In terms of religion, in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (61.4%), followed by Protestants (37.6%), Jews (19 or 0.6%) and 16 others. The village was also traditionally inhabited by Silesian Lachs, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect, additionally industrial growth lured a large influx of migrant workers, mostly from western Galicia.

After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship. The village was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

See also
 Dolní Suchá
 Horní Suchá
 Polish minority in the Czech Republic

Footnotes

References

Villages in Karviná District
Neighbourhoods in the Czech Republic
Havířov

Prostřední Suchá