André Eugène Maurice Charlot (26 July 1882 – 20 May 1956) was a French impresario known primarily for the successful musical revues he staged in London between 1912 and 1937. He also worked as a character actor in numerous films.

Early life and career
Born in Paris, Charlot began his career as the assistant manager of several theatres in the French capital, including the Folies Bergère and the Théâtre du Palais-Royal. In 1912 he relocated to London and became the joint manager of the Alhambra Theatre, where he began presenting productions noted for their elegance and simplicity rather than lavish Ziegfeld-like stagings.

Although he was instrumental in giving Noël Coward his first big break, Charlot's first meeting with the aspiring writer was less than successful. In 1917, Coward auditioned some of his material for the producer, who was unimpressed. "He plays the piano badly and sings worse," he complained to Beatrice Lillie, who had introduced the two men, adding, "Kindly do not waste my time with people like that ever again." The following year he purchased one of Coward's songs, "Peter Pan," for Tails Up!, and in 1923 he staged London Calling!, Coward's first publicly produced musical work. It included the tune "Parisian Pierrot," sung by Gertrude Lawrence, which proved to be Coward's first big hit and one of his signature tunes. Although the show was a success, Charlot and Coward never collaborated on such a large scale again.

Andre Charlot's Revue of 1924,
starring Lillie, Lawrence, Jessie Matthews, Effie Atherton and Jack Buchanan, was a major hit on Broadway. Ticket demand was such that the original six-week run was extended to nine months, and it ultimately ran for 298 performances.

With the Great Depression, theatre attendance dropped dramatically, and Charlot was forced into temporary bankruptcy after the failure of Wonder Bar in 1930. That same year he collaborated with Alfred Hitchcock, Jack Hulbert, and Paul Murray on direction of the film Elstree Calling. After producing a series of smaller London revues, he moved to Hollywood, where between 1942 and 1955 he appeared in 50 films, often in small, uncredited roles. Among them were The Constant Nymph, Passage to Marseille, The Song of Bernadette, Lady on a Train, The Dolly Sisters, Julia Misbehaves, That Forsyte Woman, Annie Get Your Gun, The Snows of Kilimanjaro, and Interrupted Melody.

Personal life

Charlot was married to Florence Gladman, with whom he had two children. He died of cancer in Woodland Hills, California, aged 73.

Filmography

References

Further reading

External links

French theatre managers and producers
French male film actors
Male actors from Paris
1882 births
1956 deaths
20th-century French male actors
French expatriate male actors in the United States

André Charlot


South Twin Island is an uninhabited Arctic island located east of Akimiski Island toward the center of James Bay. The larger, similarly shaped, North Twin Island is located approximately 10 km northwest. South Twin Island has more mossy tundra and fewer trees than North Twin Island. The two islands are referred to as the Twin Islands, and are part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut.

South Twin Island is an important breeding site for Canada geese and semipalmated plovers.

References

 Map Planet

Islands of James Bay
Uninhabited islands of Qikiqtaaluk Region

South Twin Island (Nunavut)


Geoffrey Whitehead (born 1 October 1939) is an English actor. He has appeared in a range of television, film and radio roles. In the theatre, he has played at Shakespeare's Globe, St Martin's Theatre and the Bristol Old Vic.

Early life
Whitehead was born in Grenoside near Sheffield. With his father killed in the Second World War, Whitehead received an RAF benevolent grant which sent him to a minor public school. He later attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where he became friends with fellow student John Thaw.

Career
His film appearances have included The Raging Moon (1971), Kidnapped (1971), the vengeful woodsman in And Now the Screaming Starts! (1972),  S.O.S. Titanic (1979) as shipbuilder Thomas Andrews, Inside the Third Reich (1982), Shooting Fish (1997) and Love/Loss (2010).

His television appearances include Bulldog Breed (1962), Z-Cars (1964–1965 and 1972–1975), playing two different regular characters, Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em (1973), Thriller (1 episode, 1974), Wodehouse Playhouse, ('Rodney Fails to Qualify'), Robin's Nest (1977), Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson (1979–1980, as Sherlock Holmes), Peter the Great (1986), Chelmsford 123 (1988–1990), War and Remembrance (1988), Second Thoughts (1991–1994), The House of Eliott (1991), Executive Stress, Little Britain and The Worst Week of My Life. He is seen regularly on British television as well as filling many roles on radio, where he featured in the third and fourth episodes of the fifth series of the BBC Radio 4 comedy series Old Harry's Game in the role of Roland Kingworthy, as Prior Robert in the 1980s BBC radio dramatisations of Cadfael, as John Barsad in the radio dramatisation of Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities and most recently as Justice Wargrave in the BBC Radio 4 dramatisation of Agatha Christie's And Then There Were None on 13 November 2010. He has starred on BBC radio in many comic roles, including Bleak Expectations, featuring as five entire families between 2007 and 2012. He appeared in two series of the BBC remake Reggie Perrin as Reggie's father-in-law, William.

In 2011, he joined the cast of Not Going Out in its fourth series as Geoffrey Adams, the father of Lucy and Tim. This character had been recurring since 2007, but had previously been played by Timothy West.

In 2013, he appeared on Comic Relief playing the vicar in the Simon Cowell wedding sketch.

From 2015 to 2019, Whitehead played Mr (Wilburn) Newbold in BBC One's Still Open All Hours.

Radio roles
His regular radio roles include:

 Cabin Pressure – Mr Birling
 Old Harry's Game – Roland Kingworthy
 Ayres on the Air – Gordon
 Weak at the Top – Sir Marcus.
 Rigor Mortis – Professor Donaldson
 Ed Reardon's Week – Stan
 Potting On – Gordon Grant, radio husband of comedian & poet Pam Ayres.
 Bleak Expectations – the Hardthrasher, Sternbeater, Whackwallop, Grimpunch and Clampvulture families
 Cadfael – Prior Robert
 Troy – Nikanor
 The Genuine Particle – Shale
 Hair in the Gate – Brian Melvyn
 The Architects – Sir Lucien
 The Skull Beneath the Skin – Inspector Grogan
 Adaptations of Terry Pratchett's novels Eric and Mort, as Death.
 The Newly Discovered Casebook of Sherlock Holmes – Professor Moriarty

Personal life
Whitehead is the uncle of broadcaster Celina Hinchcliffe and he is a Sheffield Wednesday supporter.

References

External links

Link to interview with Geoffrey Whitehead
Geoffrey Whitehead (Aveleyman)

1939 births
Alumni of RADA
English male radio actors
English male television actors
Living people
Male actors from Sheffield
People from Ecclesfield

Geoffrey Whitehead


ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry of clinical trials. It is run by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health, and holds registrations from over 444,000 trials from 221 countries.

History

As a result of pressure from HIV-infected men in the gay community, who demanded better access to clinical trials, the U.S. Congress passed the Health Omnibus Programs Extension Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-607) which mandated the development of a database of AIDS Clinical Trials Information Services (ACTIS).  This effort served as an example of what might be done to improve public access to clinical trials, and motivated other disease-related interest groups to push for something similar for all diseases.

The Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 (Public Act 105-115) amended the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and the Public Health Service Act to require that the NIH create and operate a public information resource, which came to be called ClinicalTrials.gov, tracking drug efficacy studies resulting from approved Investigational New Drug (IND) applications (FDA Regulations 21 CFR Parts 312 and 812).  With the primary purpose of improving access of the public to clinical trials where individuals with serious diseases and conditions might find experimental treatments, this law required information about:

 Federally and privately funded clinical trials;
 The purpose of each experimental drug;
 Subject eligibility criteria to participate in the clinical trial;
 The location of clinical trial sites being used for a study; and
 A point of contact for patients interested in enrolling in the trial.

The National Library of Medicine in the National Institutes of Health made ClinicalTrials.gov available to the public via the internet on February 29, 2000.  In this initial release, ClinicalTrials.gov primarily included information about NIH-sponsored trials, omitting the majority of clinical trials being performed by private industry.  On March 29, 2000 the FDA issued a Draft Guidance called Information Program on Clinical Trials for Serious or Life-Threatening Diseases: Establishment of a Data Bank and put into In) with the hope that this would increase use by industry.  After a second draft guidance was released in June 2001, a final guidance was issued on March 18, 2002 titled "Guidance for Industry Information Program on Clinical Trials for Serious or Life-Threatening Diseases and Conditions".  The Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act of 2004 (Public Law 107-109) amended the Public Health Service Act to require that additional information be included in ClinicalTrials.gov.

As the result of toxicity tracking concerns raised following retraction of several drugs from the prescription market, ClinicalTrials.gov was further reinforced by the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 (U.S. Public Law 110-85) which mandated the expansion of ClinicalTrials.gov for better tracking of the basic results of clinical trials, requiring:

 Data elements that facilitate disclosure, as required by the FDAAA, as well as operations of ClinicalTrials.gov; and
 "Basic results" reporting.

Timeline
November 21, 1997	The Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 mandates a clinical trials registry
February 29, 2000	ClinicalTrials.gov comes online
September 16, 2004	ICMJE recommendations mandate that research journals exclude outcomes from non-registered trials
September 27, 2007	Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 section 801 mandates registration and penalty for noncompliance
September 27, 2008	reporting results is mandatory
September 27, 2009	reporting adverse events is mandatory

Later Developments
In a 2009 meeting of the National Institutes of Health speakers said that one of the goals was to have more clearly defined and consistent standards for reporting.  As of March 2015, the NIH was still considering the details of this rule change.

A study of trials conducted between 2008 and 2012 found that about half of those required to be reported had not been.  A 2014 study of pre-2009 trials found that many had serious discrepancies between what was reported on clinicaltrials.gov versus the peer-reviewed journal articles reporting the same studies.

Content

Trial record life-cycle
The trial typically goes through stages of: initial registration, ongoing record updates, and basic summary result submission. Each trial record is administered by a trial record manager. A trial record manager typically provides initial trial registration prior to the study enrolling the first participant. This also facilitates informing potential participants that the trial is no longer recruiting participants. Once all participants were recruited, the trial record may be updated to indicate that  is closed to recruitment. Once all measurements are collected (the trial formally completes), the trial status is updated to 'complete'. If the trial terminates for some reason (e.g., lack of enrollment, evidence of initial adverse outcomes), the status may be updated to 'terminated'. Once final trial results are known or legal deadlines are met, the trial record manager may upload basic summary results to the registry either by filling a complex web-based form or submitting a compliant XML file.

Search

Standard Search
To search in ClinicalTrials.gov, users filter by All Studies, or select a certain phase in the study's recruitment. Then the user enters a search keyword or phrase into at least one of the provided search fields. Next, the user clicks the Search button, and results populate according to the user's input.

Data sources

The database for Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT) is a publicly available source based on the data in ClinicalTrials.gov.
It was designed to facilitate aggregate analysis by normalizing some of the metadata across trials.

Relationship to PubMed

PubMed is another resource managed by the National Library of Medicine. A trial with an NCT identification number that is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov can be linked to a journal article with an PubMed identification number (PMID). Such link is created either by the author of the journal article by mentioning the trial ID in the abstract (abstract trial-article link) or by the trial record manager when the registry record is updated with a PMID of an article that reports trial results (registry trial-article link). A 2013 study analyzing 8907 interventional trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov found that 23.2% of trials had abstract-linked result articles and 7.3% of trials had registry-linked articles. 2.7% of trials had both types of links. Most trials are linked to a single result article (76.4%). The study also found that 72.2% of trials had no formal linked result article.

See also

 Academic clinical trials
 Bioethics
 CIOMS Guidelines
 Clinical data acquisition
 Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium
 Clinical trials registry
 Community-based clinical trial
 Contract Research Organization
 Data Monitoring Committees
 Drug development
 Drug recall
 Electronic Common Technical Document
 Ethical problems using children in clinical trials
 EudraCT
 European Medicines Agency
 FDA Special Protocol Assessment
 International Clinical Trials Registry Platform
 Investigational Device Exemption
 Medical ethics
 Nocebo
 Randomized controlled trial
 Trials
 World Medical Association

References

External links

 National Resource for Information on Clinical Trials
 Spanish-language user guide to ClinicalTrials.gov Galician Health Technology Assessment Agency (Spain)
 Customizable Alerts For PubMed & ClinicalTrials.gov
 Clinical Trials Search Engine

National Institutes of Health
Government services web portals in the United States
Clinical trials
Internet properties established in 2000
2000 establishments in the United States

ClinicalTrials.gov


The New Deal was a series of programs launched by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression. The New Deal is often split into two smaller New Deals: the First New Deal and the Second New Deal. During the First Hundred Days of Roosevelt's presidency, Roosevelt and his administration proposed many plans to fix the economy.

Percentage of non-agricultural workers in labor unions, 1930: 11.6%
Percentage of non-agricultural workers in labor unions, 1937: 22.6%
prcentage of non-agricultural workers in labor unions, 1945: 35.5%
Percentage of non-agricultural workers in labor unions, 1999: 13.9%

CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps
WPA: Works Progress Administration
FDR: Franklin Delano Roosevelt
AAA: Agricultural Adjustment Act
TVA: Tennessee Valley Authority
HOLC: Home Owners Loan Corporation
FERA: Federal Emergency Relief Administration
PWA: Public Works Administration
CWA: Civil Works Administration
NRA: National Recovery Administration

References

New Deal


Heather Christensen (born October 1, 1979) is an American glamor model, noted for her work in various Playboy publications.

She was Playboy Special Editions Model of the Year for 2001. In 2002, she posed as a mermaid in the Wet and Wild 2002 edition.

Christensen was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio, and moved to Tampa, Florida when she was 20.  She was seen by a scout from Playboy, and began to model, which "sort of interrupted" her longer term plans.

Christensen has a wide range of hobbies, including rock climbing, diving, snowboarding, hiking, and singing. She is an especially noted skateboarder, who has been skating since 1998, first with a boyfriend, then by herself. The hobby cost her a broken arm, at Skatopia in Ohio, when she fell on a metal ramp; the fracture forced her to quit her job (and her boyfriend left her). She stayed with the hobby, and later lived with professional skateboarder Anthony Furlong. Playboy airbrushed out the scars on her arm in her pictures, and asked her to skate topless for a pictorial (which she says was "... embarrassing. I was like 'this hurts really bad!'"). The hobby has been a conflict for her modeling, as she can't skate for a week before a pictorial, to avoid bruises.

Christensen continued to study while working as a model. She earned a bachelor's degree in biology, and went to veterinary school, to become a veterinarian specializing in reptiles. She says she'd like to "Live in a tropical paradise [...] traveling around the world rescuing exotic animals", and has kept turtles, snakes, lizards, and frogs at her home. Other hobbies include restoring a 1968 Ford Mustang.

References

1979 births
Living people
Female models from Ohio
American skateboarders
American sportswomen
21st-century American women
American female skateboarders

Heather Christensen


Ruscio is a village of east central Umbria, a small Frazione ('Fraction') of Monteleone di Spoleto, located at 42°38N 12°58E in the upper valley of the Corno River at about 900 metres (2953 ft) above sea-level. It is 2 km SE of Monteleone and 11 km (7 mi) N of Leonessa. Its population is estimated at 200.

Monteleone di Spoleto is the village where a celebrated Etruscan chariot was found, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The village and its immediate vicinity also have several Romanesque churches, some Roman remains, and the Bronze Age site, apparently a religious sanctuary, of Forma Cavaliera.

External links
Pro Ruscio
Bill Thayer's site

(Incorporates text from Bill Thayer's Gazetteer of Italy, by permission.)

Frazioni of the Province of Perugia
Cities and towns in Umbria

Ruscio, Umbria


Joyce Marcus is a Latin American archaeologist and professor in the Department of Anthropology, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She also holds the position of Curator of Latin American Archaeology, University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology. Marcus has published extensively in the field of Latin American archaeological research. Her focus has been primarily on the Zapotec, Maya, and coastal Andean civilizations of Central and South America. Much of her fieldwork has been concentrated in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. She is known for her "Dynamic model", four-tiered hierarchy, and her use of interdisciplinary study.

Biography
Joyce Marcus was born in California. She credits receiving a copy of An Introduction to the Study of the Maya Hieroglyphs by S.G. Morley from Dr. Robert F. Heizer in 1969 after a field season in Lovelock, Nevada with influencing her to get into the field of hieroglyphics.

She received her B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1969, and went on to receive her M.A. in 1971 and her Ph.D in 1974, both from Harvard University.  She did her dissertation under her mentor, Tatiana Proskouriakoff, and Gordon R. Willey, Jeremy A. Sabloff, and Evon Z. Vogt. Her book, Emblem and State in the Classic Maya Lowlands: An Epigraphic Approach to Territorial Organization, is the published version of her dissertation.

Marcus has spent her entire teaching career at the University of Michigan, from 1973 to the present, though she has been invited to guest lecture all over the world. She became a curator for Latin American Archaeology for the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology in 1978. She has also consulted for the American Museum of Natural History in New York, the University Museum at the University of Pennsylvania, the Cotson Institute of Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Peabody Museum at Harvard University.

In 1997, Marcus was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, and in 2005, she became the first archaeologist elected to the council. In 2005, the University of Michigan awarded her the Robert L. Carneiro Distinguished University Professor of Social Evolution. Marcus is also a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Philosophical Society, and Institute of Andean Studies. She is a member of the American Anthropological Association, the Society for American Archaeology, the American Society for Ethnohistory, the Midwest Andeanist Society, and the Midwest Mesoamerican Society.

She has received funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Ford Foundation, the Bowditch Fund at Harvard University, Dumbarton Oaks, the American Association for University Women, the National Science Foundation, and the University of Michigan.

William J. Folan invited her to record the Maya monuments at Calakmul, Campech and surrounding areas in 1983-1984. She has done research at Dumbarton Oaks Center for Pre-Columbian Studies in Washington, DC. Marcus often works and publishes with her husband Kent V. Flannery. Marcus and Flannery directed the Valley of Oaxaca Human Ecology Project with the University of Michigan, a long-term project designed by Flannery.

Awards
 1979   The Henry Russel Award for Scholarly research from the University of Michigan
 1992   Honorable mention for outstanding book in the social sciences and humanities by the Latin American Studies Association for her book Mesoamerican Writing Systems: Propaganda, Myth, and history in four Ancient Civilizations
 1995   Literature, Science, and Arts Excellence in Research Award from the University of Michigan
 1998-2005   Elman R Service Professor of Cultural evolution from the University of Michigan
 2005   Robert L. Carneiro Distinguished University Professor of Social Evolution from the University of Michigan
 2001   The Premio Caniem en el Arte Editorial award in Mexico for "La Civilización Zapoteca: Como Evolucionó La Sociedad Urbana en el Valle de Oaxaca" written with Kent Flannery
 2003   Special recognition, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche
 2007   Distinguished Faculty Achievement Award, the University of Michigan, Mentor Recognition Award, the University of California, San Diego
 2008   The Cotson Book prize in archaeology for Excavations at Cerro Azul, Peru: The Architecture and Pottery
 2014 Corresponding fellow of the Academia Mexicana de la Historia.

Publications

Books and monographs
 Marcus, Joyce (1976) Emblem and State in the Classic Maya Lowlands: An Epigraphic Approach to Territorial Organization. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.
 Flannery, Kent V. and Joyce Marcus (editors) (1983) The Cloud People: Divergent Evolution of the Zapotec and Mixtec Civilizations. School of American Research Series, Academic Press, NY. (This book resulted from a seminar, "The Cloud People: Evolution of the Zapotec and Mixtec Civilizations of Oaxaca, Mexico", October 6–10, 1975 at the School of American Research in Santa Fe, New Mexico.)
 Marcus, Joyce (1987) Late Intermediate Occupation at Cerro Azul, Perú. A Preliminary Report. Tech. Report 20, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.
 Marcus, Joyce (1987) The Inscriptions of Calakmul: Royal Marriage at a Maya City in Campeche, Mexico. Tech. Report 21, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.
 Flannery, Kent V., Joyce Marcus, and Robert G. Reynolds (1989) The Flocks of the Wamani: A Study of Llama Herders on the Punas of Ayacucho, Peru. Academic Press, New York.
 Marcus, Joyce (editor) (1990) Debating Oaxaca Archaeology. Anthropological Paper, No. 84. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan. (Resulted from a symposium at the 1987 Northeast Mesoamericanist Society meeting in Philadelphia, which was organized as a response to criticism by William Sanders.)
 Marcus, Joyce (1992) Mesoamerican Writing Systems: Propaganda, Myth, and History in Four Ancient Civilizations. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
 Flannery, Kent V. and Joyce Marcus (1994) Early Formative Pottery of the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. Prehistory and Human Ecology of the Valley of Oaxaca, No. 10. Memoir 27, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
 Marcus, Joyce and Judith F. Zeitlin (editors) (1994) Caciques and Their People: A Volume in Honor of Ronald Spores. Anthropological Paper, No. 89, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
 Marcus, Joyce and Kent V. Flannery (1996) Zapotec Civilization: How Urban Society Evolved in Mexico's Oaxaca Valley. Thames & Hudson, London.
 Feinman, Gary M. and Joyce Marcus (editors) (1998) Archaic States. School of American Research, SAR Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
 Marcus, Joyce (1998) Women's Ritual in Formative Oaxaca: Figurine-making, Divination, Death and the Ancestors. Memoir 33 of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
 Marcus, Joyce and Kent V. Flannery (2001) La Civilización Zapoteca: Como Evolucionó La Sociedad Urbana en el Valle de Oaxaca. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
 Flannery, Kent V. and Joyce Marcus (2005) Excavations at San José Mogote 1: The Household Archaeology. Memoir 40 of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
 Marcus, Joyce and Charles Stanish (2006) Agricultural Strategies. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, Cotsen Advanced Seminar No. 2, UCLA.
 Marcus, Joyce (2008) Excavations at Cerro Azul, Peru: The Architecture and Pottery. UCLA Cotsen Institute of Archaeology.
 Marcus, Joyce and Jeremy A. Sabloff (editors) (2008) The Ancient City: New Perspectives on Urbanism in the Old and New Worlds. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press. (This book resulted from the Sackler Colloquium of the National Academy of Sciences, "Early Perspectives on Pre-industrial Urbanism", May 18–20, 2005 at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington DC.)
 Marcus, Joyce (2008) Monte Albán. El Colegio de México, Fideicomiso Historia de las Américas, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
 Marcus, Joyce and Patrick Ryan Williams (editors) (2009) Andean Civilization: A Tribute to Michael E. Moseley. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, UCLA.
 Flannery, Kent V. and Joyce Marcus (2012) The Creation of Inequality: How Our Prehistoric Ancestors Set the Stage for Monarchy, Slavery, and Empire. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

References

External links
 http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/891381.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20151029230527/https://www.lsa.umich.edu/ummaa/research/joycemarcus

Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Mesoamerican archaeologists
Women Mesoamericanists
Mixtec scholars
Zapotec scholars
Mayanists
American Mesoamericanists
Andean scholars
American archaeologists
University of Michigan faculty
Harvard University alumni
20th-century Mesoamericanists
21st-century Mesoamericanists
American women archaeologists
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
American women academics
Members of the American Philosophical Society

Joyce Marcus


Michael Clement Otway Mayne,  (10 September 1929 – 22 October 2006) was an English priest of the Church of England who served as the Dean of Westminster.

Early life
Michael Clement Otway Mayne was born at Harlestone, Northamptonshire, the son of Rev. Michael Ashton Otway Mayne, rector of that parish, and his wife Sylvia Clementia Lumley Ellis. His father committed suicide by jumping from the top of Harlestone church tower when Mayne was three years old, after which his mother moved the family to Torbay and then London. With the support of clerical charities, Mayne was educated at The King's School, Canterbury and later at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge and Cuddesdon Theological College, Oxford. His early passion for acting and drama flourished while at university, though his former headmaster encouraged him to take up the priesthood.

Ecclesiastical career and later life
Mayne served his curacy at St John's Harpenden (1957–1959) and then spent six years as chaplain to Mervyn Stockwood, Bishop of Southwark (1959–1965). In 1965, newly married, he became vicar of the Parish of Norton, Letchworth Garden City, where he carried out an effective ministry for the next seven years.

In 1972 Mayne was made the head of religious programmes for BBC Radio a difficult post expounding Christian faith in a largely secular organisation and arguably made more difficult by Mayne's lack of relevant broadcasting experience.  However at the time of his death it was remembered that "he brought to religious broadcasting, if not much in the way of innovation or combative empire-building, yet a great deal in terms of stylistic enrichment and quality. He was.....an artist rather than an administrator, a performer rather than an initiator; but he enjoyed very wide respect in his department and outside, with a wit and a humanity which endeared him (despite an occasional grandeur of manner) to his many friends."

After a seven-year stint in the BBC he became the vicar of Great St. Mary's, the university church of Cambridge in 1979.

In 1986 he was invited by Queen Elizabeth II to become Dean of Westminster Abbey, a position he held until 1996. He initiated great changes in the liturgical and prayer life of the Abbey making the Sunday Eucharist the heart and highpoint of the Sunday celebrations at the Abbey. In addition, he "persuaded his colleagues and some other devout souls to assemble in St Faith's Chapel at 7 am every day for 40 minutes of silent prayer before the regular morning services."

During his tenure he selected various people to be commemorated in the abbey, including Oscar Wilde, Alexander Pope, Edward Lear, Robert Herrick and Matthew Arnold. On his retirement in 1996 he was made Dean Emeritus of Westminster and also received his KCVO.

During his 50s Mayne was diagnosed with ME and wrote a book about his experiences living with the syndrome (A Year Lost and Found). In 2005 he was diagnosed with terminal cancer of the jaw, and this led him to write a book about his battle with cancer (The Enduring Melody).

Books
 A Year Lost and Found
 This Sunrise of Wonder: A Quest for God In Art and Nature
 Pray, Love, Remember
 The Enduring Melody
 Learning to Dance

References

Bibliography
 Harvey, A. E. (2010). "Mayne, Michael Clement Otway (1929–2006)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press [Jan 2010; online edition, Sept 2010; subscription of UK library membership required]

1929 births
2006 deaths
People educated at The King's School, Canterbury
Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
Deans of Westminster
20th-century English Anglican priests
Alumni of Ripon College Cuddesdon
People with chronic fatigue syndrome
Deaths from cancer in England
Deaths from jaw cancer

Michael Mayne


Mihail C. Suțu (February 15, 1841–July 9, 1933), also known as Michel C. Soutzo or Soutzos, was a Romanian historian, numismatist and central banker.

Life
Born in Bucharest as a member of the noble Soutzos family, he attended the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures in Paris, graduating with an engineer's degree in 1864. Early in his career, he was a civil servant within the Agriculture and Domains Ministry. From 1881 to 1891, he was general director of Poșta Română, and from 1892 to 1894, he was a director at the National Bank of Romania. Following that, he was an adviser with the Court of Accounts.

From November 1899 to December 1904, he served as Governor of the National Bank. As such, he conducted negotiations with the Finance Ministry that led to a convention that modified the bank's statute and withdrew the government's share from its capital. He supported popular banks and worked to extend the central bank's presence around the country, endowing its branched with suitable buildings. His term coincided with a financial crisis that lasted from 1900 to 1901, and saw him clash with Prime Minister Petre P. Carp about how to help resolve the issue.

In 1903, he became the first president of the Romanian Numismatic Society. Elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1884, he rose to titular status in 1909. From 1914 until his death, Suțu headed the academy's numismatic collection. He conducted systematic and scientific research into coinage, becoming among Southeastern Europe's most prominent experts in the field. He began by building a collection of Greco-Roman coins and antiquities, later commencing research. He studied ancient metrology, in particular the weight systems of Egypt, Chaldea, Asia Minor, Greece and Italy, expressing original perspectives about these topics.

Works
He published studies of the weights used in the Greek colonies of Histria, Tomis and Callatis. In all, he wrote some forty works on ancient numismatics and metrology. Suțu donated his collection to the academy and the Dobruja Regional Museum.

See also
 His portrait at the Romanian Wikipedia

References

1841 births
1933 deaths
Governors of the National Bank of Romania
Titular members of the Romanian Academy
Romanian numismatists
20th-century Romanian historians
Engineers from Bucharest
Romanian civil servants
Metrologists
Writers from Bucharest
Mihail

Mihail C. Suțu


Tim (Timothy) Hugh Jackins (born ) is the International Reference Person (leader) of Re-evaluation Counseling (RC), known officially as the "International Re-evaluation Counseling Communities". Formerly a math teacher and union negotiator at the Mission College, Santa Clara, California, he succeeded his father Harvey Jackins in the role, following the former leader's death in 1999. Jackins is a graduate of Yale University and has a masters from Stanford.

Role in RC
Jackins' leadership style within the RC movement has been perceived as different from his better-known father; he does not personally respond to correspondence from large numbers of people and attends fewer workshops and public speaking events. He is also much warmer, personally engaging, and "looser" during workshops than his father.

Jackins and Diane Shisk were reconfirmed as International Reference Person and Alternate International Reference Person by a unanimous vote of nearly 200 RC leaders at the RC World Conference in 2005. Leaders participating in the voting process were appointed by Jackins or his father. No alternative candidates were put forward.

In recent years, Jackins has made public statements on the 9/11 incident and US government responses to it and on the 2006 Lebanon War, which are displayed in the "IRP" area of the RC web site.

Ideas about raising children
Jackins has published a number of books and writings on parental roles and raising children, including How Parents Can Counsel Their Children. The main thrust of these publications is that personal discharge of painful emotion by parents leads to a more relaxed style of parenting which enables young people to grow up themselves more free of painful emotional distress. Other major points are that parents deserve much more support than they typically receive in modern society and that children are at their cores intelligent, joyful humans who deserve to have their thinking respected.

Personal life
The RC organization reports a need for privacy in connection with the personal lives of the IRP and deputy and publishes no biographical information about them, but it appears that having retired from his job recently. he is now more closely involved in the day-to-day running of RC, along with his deputy "Alternate International Reference Person" Diane Shisk, who manages the head offices of the organisation in Seattle, Washington.

Jackins is in his second marriage and is a parent with an adult son from a previous marriage. He now lives in Seattle.

See also
Co-counseling
Anti-psychiatry
United to End Racism

References

Further reading
Jackins, Tim (1988); How parents can counsel their children; Rational Island, Seattle;
Jackins, Harvey (1970); Fundamentals of co-counselling manual; Rational Island, Seattle;
Jackins, Harvey (1973); The human situation; Rational Island, Seattle;
Caroline New, Katie Kauffman (July 2004); Co-Counselling: The Theory and Practice of Re-Evaluation Counselling; Brunner-Routledge;

External links
 Official RC web site
 Statements by Tim Jackins on the official RC web site

1940s births
Living people
21st-century American psychologists
Anti-psychiatry
Yale University alumni
Stanford University alumni
20th-century American psychologists

Tim Jackins


Ragtime is a musical with music by Stephen Flaherty, lyrics by Lynn Ahrens, and a book by Terrence McNally. It is based on the 1975 novel of the same name by E.L. Doctorow.

Set in the early 20th century, Ragtime tells the story of three groups in the United States: African Americans, represented by Coalhouse Walker Jr., a Harlem musician; upper-class suburbanites, represented by Mother, the matriarch of a white upper-class family in New Rochelle, New York; and Eastern European immigrants, represented by Tateh, a Jewish immigrant from Latvia. The show also incorporates historical figures such as Harry Houdini, Evelyn Nesbit, Booker T. Washington, J. P. Morgan, Henry Ford, Stanford White, Harry Kendall Thaw, Admiral Peary, Matthew Henson, and Emma Goldman.

Production history

Original Toronto and Broadway production
The musical had its world premiere in Toronto, where it opened at the then-called Ford Centre for the Performing Arts (now the Meridian Arts Centre) on December 8, 1996 and ran for 9 months.  It was produced by Canadian impresario Garth Drabinsky and his Livent Inc., the Toronto-production company he headed. A concept album, Songs from Ragtime: The Musical, featuring the Toronto cast was released on February 11, 1996. In 1998, it was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album.

The US premiere was at the Shubert Theatre, Los Angeles in June 1997.

The Broadway production began previews on December 26, 1997 and officially opened on January 18, 1998. It was the first production in the newly opened Ford Center for the Performing Arts. Directed by Frank Galati and choreographed by Graciela Daniele, Ragtime closed on January 16, 2000 after 834 performances and 27 previews.  The original cast featured many of the actors from the original Toronto production, including Brian Stokes Mitchell as Coal House Walker, Marin Mazzie as Mother, Peter Friedman as Tateh and Audra McDonald as Sarah, all of whom were nominated for Tony Awards, as well as Steven Sutcliffe as Mother's Younger Brother, Judy Kaye as Emma Goldman, Mark Jacoby as Father and Lea Michele as Tateh's Daughter. The production was conducted by David Loud.

The production received mixed reviews, with critics noting that the dazzling physical production (with a $10 million budget, including fireworks and a working Model T automobile) overshadowed problems in the script. Ben Brantley's review in The New York Times was headlined "A diorama with nostalgia rampant." It led the 1998 Tony Awards with thirteen Tony Award nominations, but Disney's The Lion King won as Best Musical. The musical won awards for Best Featured Actress (McDonald), Original Score, Book, and Orchestrations.  According to The New York Times, "The chief competition for The Lion King was Ragtime, a lavish musical." The New York Times also noted that "The season was an artistic success as well, creating one of the most competitive Tony contests in years, with a battle in almost every category capped by the titanic struggle for the best musical award between Ragtime with 13 nominations and The Lion King with 11." The Broadway production was not financially successful, and some Broadway insiders consider its lavish production to have been the financial "undoing" of Livent.

Virtual reunion
On March 26, 2021, cast and crew members of the original Broadway production reunited for a livestream on the web series Stars in the House. Composers Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flaherty were joined by original cast members Brian Stokes Mitchell (Coalhouse), Audra McDonald (Sarah), Peter Friedman (Tateh), Mark Jacoby (Father), Judy Kaye (Emma Goldman) and Steven Sutcliffe (Mother's Younger Brother).

International productions

Original West End production
Following its European premiere in a concert performance at the Cardiff International Festival of Musical Theatre in 2002 (which was later telecast on BBC Four), the musical was produced in the West End, London, by Sonia Friedman at the Piccadilly Theatre for a Limited Run from 19 March 2003 - 14 June 2003. This production starred Maria Friedman in the role of Mother, for which she won the 2004 Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical.

Original Norwegian production
The musical theatre company BærMuDa premiered the first Scandinavian production on January 18, 2018, coincidentally on the day of the musical's twentieth anniversary of the first night on Broadway. It was also the first time the musical was performed in a foreign language. The production was directed by Renate Stridh, and the cast featured Mimmi Tamba (Sarah), Marvin Charles Cummings (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Kristin Rinde (Mother), Christian Ranke (Tateh), Kristian Grønvold (Younger Brother), Lars Arne Rinde (Father), Henrik Rinde Sunde (The Little Boy), Marianne Snekkestad/Cecilie Due (Emma Goldman) and Trine Eide Schjølberg/Ida Rinde Sunde (Evelyn Nesbit). It was translated by Christian Ranke and Cecilie Due.

The production won the BroadwayWorld Regional Award for Best Musical. The scene design was inspired by the suitcases on display at the Ellis Island immigrant museum. The production used a scaled-down version of William D. Brohn's original orchestrations.

Melbourne, Australia production
The Production Company performed the musical at the Melbourne Arts Centre, from 2 to 10 November 2019. It was directed by Roger Hodgman.

Revivals

2009 Broadway revival

A new production opened at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC, on April 18, 2009, and ran through May 17, 2009, with direction and choreography by Marcia Milgrom Dodge.
The production then moved to Broadway at the Neil Simon Theatre, with previews beginning on October 23, 2009 and the show officially opened on November 15, 2009. The cast featured Stephanie Umoh (Sarah), Quentin Earl Darrington (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Christiane Noll (Mother), Robert Petkoff (Tateh), Bobby Steggert (Younger Brother), Donna Migliaccio (Emma Goldman) and Ron Bohmer (Father).  This was the first Broadway revival of the musical and the first Broadway revival of any 1990s musical. The production opened to critical acclaim but closed on January 10, 2010 after 28 previews and 65 performances. This production had a large cast and orchestra, resulting in a significant weekly running cost that demanded the show be a popular success in order to prove financially worthwhile. "There had been rumors in recent weeks that the show would not be able to survive into early 2010; there was apparently not enough of an advance sale to encourage the producers." Despite the closing, the production received seven Tony Award nominations, including Best Revival of Musical, Best Direction, Best Actress in Musical, and Best Featured Actor in a Musical. One nomination, for Costume Design, was withdrawn on the basis that the designs were substantially similar to those of a prior production.

London revivals

The Regent's Park Open Air Theatre played a revival of the musical from May 18 to September 8, 2012. This production was directed by Artistic Director Timothy Sheader. The cast featured Claudia Kariuki (Sarah), Rolan Bell (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Rosalie Craig (Mother), John Marquez (Tateh), Harry Hepple (Younger Brother), Tamsin Carroll (Emma Goldman) and David Birrell (Father).

The Charing Cross Theatre played a revival of the musical from October 8 until December 10, 2016, and directed by Thom Southerland. The actor-musician production featured Earl Carpenter (Father), Anita Louise Combe (Mother), Jonathan Stewart (Younger Brother), Ako Mitchell (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Jennifer Saayeng (Sarah) and Gary Tushaw (Tateh).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Ragtime was at one point the only show in the UK to be playing to live audiences in a production presented by The Arts Educational Schools, London.  The musical played in the Andrew Lloyd Webber Foundation Theatre from March 23 to March 26, 2021. It was directed by Stephen Whitson and the cast featured Akmed Junior Khemalai (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Beatrice Penny-Toure (Sarah), Lauren Jones (Mother), Jamie Chatterton (Father) and Benjamin Durham (Tateh).

Concerts
Manhattan Concert Productions presented a one-night-only concert of the musical on February 18, 2013, at the Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center, directed by Stafford Arima. The cast featured Lea Salonga (Mother), Patina Miller (Sarah), Norm Lewis (Coalhouse Walker Jr.), Tyne Daly (Emma Goldman), Kerry Butler (Evelyn Nesbitt), Howard McGillin (Father), Michael Arden (Younger Brother) and Manoel Felciano (Tateh).

A concert benefitting the Entertainment Community Fund (previously The Actors Fund) was held March 27, 2023, at the Minskoff Theatre. It was directed by Stafford Arima and featured many of the original Broadway cast, including Brian Stokes Mitchell as Coalhouse Walker Jr., Audra McDonald as Sarah, and Peter Friedman as Tateh. Kelli O'Hara played the role of Mother in the concert staging.  The concert was postponed from its original date of April 27, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The concert was dedicated to the memories of the cast and crew who had passed, including Marin Mazzie (the original Mother), who died in 2018, the musical's librettist Terrence McNally and original director Frank Galati.

Ragtime on Ellis Island

A "developmental concert" of the musical was presented on Ellis Island on August 8, 2016. The concert is directed by Sammi Cannold, and featured Brian Stokes Mitchell as the narrator, Laura Michelle Kelly as Mother, Andy Mientus as Younger Brother, Brandon Victor Dixon as Coalhouse Walker Jr., Michael Park as Father, Shaina Taub as Emma Goldman, Aisha Jackson as Sarah, Robert Petkoff reprising his 2009 Broadway revival role of Tateh and Joe Harkins as Grandfather. An immersive, full production was anticipated in 2017, but did not occur. In March 2018, the team that was behind the developmental concert was to hold a sound workshop with sound designer Nick Tipp to explore the use of in-ear monitoring technology for audience members. This would mean that in a full production on Ellis Island, all the audio that the audience would normally hear through traditional sound systems would be live-mixed into wireless headphones worn by each audience member. The director Sammi Cannold told Broadway World that "While the workshop is of course focused on material from Ragtime, our team is also excited by the potential applications of this approach to other site-specific musicals in locations where it's impossible to use traditional sound systems."

This production was also featured on an episode of the Working in the Theatre series run by the American Theatre Wing.

Regional productions
2012 Shaw Festival

The Shaw Festival, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, presented Ragtime in 2012 in its Festival Theatre as part of its 51st season, from April 10 through October 14, 2012.  The production was directed by Shaw Festival Artistic Director Jackie Maxwell.  The role of Coalhouse Walker was played by Thom Allison, with Alana Hibbert as Sarah, Jay Turvey as Tateh, and Patty Jamieson as Mother.

2014 Westchester Broadway

Standing Ovation Studios presented Ragtime the Musical at the Westchester Broadway Theater from February 27 to May 4, 2014.

2017 Seattle

Seattle's 5th Avenue Theatre presented a new version of Ragtime in October 2017, based on a streamlined production from Theatre Latte Da in Minneapolis, directed by Peter Rothstein. It has a stripped-down cast of only 16 actors, whereby leading actors also portray the ensemble/chorus.

2018 Providence, Rhode Island

Providence's Trinity Repertory Company presented Ragtime in May 2018, directed by Curt Columbus, with Wilkie Ferguson III as Coalhouse Walker Jr. Mia Ellis as Sarah, Charlie Thurston as Tateh, and Rachael Warren as Mother.

2022 NYMT, London

National Youth Music Theatre presented Ragtime as part of its 2022 season in August 2022 at The MCT at Alleyn's in Dulwich, London. The production was directed by Hannah Chissick.

Synopsis

Act One

Three social castes in turn-of-the-century New York introduce themselves to the audience: the first is an upper-class white family from New Rochelle— the Little Boy, Edgar, and his Father (who runs a fireworks factory), Mother, Mother's Younger Brother, and Grandfather—who live a genteel life and enjoy a lack of racial and ethnic diversity; the second is the Black residents of Harlem, including a beautiful young woman named Sarah, who adores the pianist Coalhouse Walker Jr.; the third are immigrants from Europe in the Lower East Side, among them "Tateh", a Jewish artist from Latvia, and his young daughter. These three worlds are connected by narration from the luminaries J. P. Morgan, Henry Ford, Booker T. Washington, Emma Goldman, Harry Houdini, and Evelyn Nesbit ("Prologue—Ragtime").

Mother bids goodbye to Father as he embarks on Robert Peary's expedition to the North Pole. He asks Mother to oversee his affairs and assures her that nothing will change in his absence, but Mother feels adrift without her husband to guide her ("Goodbye, My Love").  As Peary's ship departs, Father watches as a "rag ship" arrives, carrying a hopeful Tateh and his Little Girl to America, while Mother, back on shore, wishes Father safe passage ("Journey On"). Meanwhile, Mother's Younger Brother, an intense and awkward young man yearning for purpose who works at Father's fireworks factory, attends the vaudeville act of Evelyn Nesbit, a young woman who became famous after her wealthy lover Stanford White was killed by her millionaire husband Harry K. Thaw ("Crime of the Century").  After the show ends, Younger Brother confesses his love to Evelyn.  She kisses him, but only for the benefit of a press photographer, and cheerfully rejects him afterward.

Back at home in New Rochelle, Mother discovers a Black newborn partly buried alive in her garden.  The police arrive with Sarah, the baby's mother. Pitying her, Mother takes responsibility for Sarah and her child. Brother thanks her. Surprised at herself, she remarks that her husband would never have allowed her to make such a decision ("What Kind of Woman").

At Ellis Island, the immigrants arrive ("A Shtetl Iz Amereke"). Tateh eagerly begins his new life, drawing silhouettes and selling them on the street.  He and the Little Girl quickly descend into poverty.  Emma Goldman attempts to get him to join the Socialist movement, but he refuses.  A wealthy man even offers to purchase the Little Girl, whom he now keeps on a leash for safety.  Inspired by immigrant magician Harry Houdini, Tateh resolves to begin again somewhere else ("Success").

In Harlem, Coalhouse, a popular pianist, informs his audience that he's finally found his lost love, Sarah, and is going to win her back ("His Name Was Coalhouse"/"Gettin' Ready Rag").  He then purchases a Model T while Henry Ford and his workers glorify industry ("Henry Ford").

Tateh and the Little Girl leave for Boston; en route, they meet Mother and Edgar while stopping in New Rochelle. They politely make conversation ("Nothing Like the City"). In the attic of Mother's home, Sarah explains her desperate actions in a song to her baby ("Your Daddy's Son"). Also en route to New Rochelle, Coalhouse is harassed by a racist fire squad led by chief Will Conklin, who taunt him for driving his own car. He arrives at Mother's house, where he has heard that a Black woman is living. He is stunned to learn of the baby's existence and, when Sarah refuses to see him, he resorts to returning weekly ("The Courtship") until Mother invites him inside.  Grandfather asks Coalhouse to play a minstrel song on the parlor piano; instead, Coalhouse plays a ragtime song. Father returns home while Coalhouse is playing, and is stunned by the changes to his family's life, while Mother and her Younger Brother are proud of her choices. Eventually, Sarah comes down from the attic and reconciles with Coalhouse ("New Music").  The two go on an idyllic picnic where, inspired by the words of Booker T. Washington, he dreams of a just, future America that their son will grow up in ("Wheels of a Dream").

Taking refuge from a wintry night, Younger Brother enters a workers' hall.  There, Emma Goldman speaks passionately about a textile mills strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts, where Tateh and his daughter are among those targeted by federal troops and strikebreakers.  Younger Brother imagines Goldman is speaking directly to him ("The Night That Goldman Spoke at Union Square").  Goldman is arrested, prompting a riot that mirrors the chaos in Lawrence, where Tateh is beaten by a policeman while trying to flee. He and the Little Girl escape Lawrence on a train; he gives his daughter a flip book of moving silhouettes to calm her. The train conductor offers to buy the book, and Tateh, hurriedly dubbing it a "movie-book", sells it for a dollar. Tateh realizes that "movie-books" may be a route out of poverty ("Gliding").

Returning to New Rochelle, Coalhouse and Sarah are stopped by Will Conklin and the fire squad.  Conklin demands a fictitious toll; Coalhouse refuses.  A lecture by Booker T. Washington on patience and dignity ironically underscores the white firemen's destruction of Coalhouse's new Model T ("The Trashing of the Car").  Incensed, Coalhouse vows legal action ("Justice"), postponing his marriage to Sarah until he gets justice. Sarah hears of a campaign rally nearby and goes to ask for help from the vice presidential candidate; as she approaches, an onlooker shouts "She's got a gun!" and Sarah is beaten to death by the Secret Service ("President").  At her funeral, Black mourners demand an end to such injustice and pray for true equality. Mother, Father, Younger Brother, Tateh and Emma Goldman look on as Coalhouse weeps at Sarah's grave ("Till We Reach That Day").

Act Two

The Little Boy wakes up screaming from a nightmare in which Harry Houdini attempts a daring escape after being locked in a dynamite-laden box by Will Conklin ("Harry Houdini, Master Escapist").  This dream proves prophetic: news arrives that a volunteer firehouse has been bombed.  Coalhouse has vowed to get justice on his own terms ("Coalhouse's Soliloquy") and now terrorizes New Rochelle while demanding his car be restored to him and that Will Conklin be delivered to him. Booker T. Washington condemns Coalhouse's actions ("Coalhouse Demands").  In the chaos, Mother retains custody of Sarah and Coalhouse's baby. Father blames her for bringing this turmoil into their lives, but Younger Brother lambastes him for his blindness and storms out of the house.  Mother grows increasingly offended by her husband's ignorant outlook. Father, to distract Edgar from the unrest, takes his son to a baseball game, but feels alienated from the raucous, working-class crowd, and begins to realize that his genteel way of life is passing ("What a Game").  Coalhouse's campaign continues ("Fire in the City"), and so Father decides to temporarily move the family to Atlantic City.

In Atlantic City, Evelyn Nesbit's career is on the downslide and Harry Houdini has become intrigued by the supernatural and the afterlife following the death of his mother ("Atlantic City").  Edgar cryptically shouts "Warn the Duke!" to Houdini.  Mother encounters Tateh again, not recognizing him from their brief meeting months ago; now a wealthy filmmaker, he has re-invented himself as "the Baron Ashkenazy" and is directing a silent movie in Atlantic City ("Buffalo Nickel Photoplay, Inc."). Edgar and the Little Girl soon become fast friends, prompting Mother and Tateh to become friends as well; eventually, Tateh reveals who he is, and they grow even closer ("Our Children").

Back in Harlem, Younger Brother seeks out Coalhouse but is repeatedly turned away until Coalhouse is convinced that he can be trusted.  Coalhouse has banished music from his life but watches a carefree young couple ("Harlem Nightclub") and recalls meeting Sarah ("Sarah Brown Eyes"). Younger Brother meets with him but is inarticulate and nervous: his profound thoughts, narrated to the audience by Emma Goldman, stand in contrast to the only phrase he can muster: "I know how to blow things up." ("He Wanted to Say"). With Younger Brother's help, Coalhouse and his men take over J.P. Morgan's magnificent library in the heart of New York City, threatening to blow it up. Father is summoned to help reason with Coalhouse. Before he goes, he assures Mother that everything will soon return to the way it was, but Mother knows such hopes are naive ("Back to Before").  Meeting with the police, Father devises a mediation strategy involving Booker T. Washington, whom Coalhouse allows to enter the library. Washington, invoking the violent legacy Coalhouse is leaving his son, works out a deal with Coalhouse.  Younger Brother is enraged at Coalhouse's abandonment of their cause ("Look What You've Done").

Washington leaves and Father enters the library as a hostage. There, he finally realizes the profundity of society's troubles while seeing Coalhouse convince Younger Brother and his men that violence cannot solve injustice.  Coalhouse exhorts them to fight through the power of their words ("Make Them Hear You").  Coalhouse's sacrifice and oratory convince Younger Brother and the men to leave while Father tells Coalhouse about his son.  Coalhouse thanks Father for his kindness.  Once he leaves the library, Coalhouse is shot dead by the police.

Edgar appears to introduce the Epilogue.  Younger Brother departs for Mexico to fight for Emiliano Zapata. Emma Goldman is arrested and deported. Booker T. Washington establishes the Tuskegee Institute, while Evelyn Nesbitt fades into obscurity. Harry Houdini realizes upon the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand that Edgar's shout of "Warn the Duke!" was a true mystical experience. Father dies aboard the RMS Lusitania; after a year of mourning, Mother marries Tateh, adopts Coalhouse and Sarah's son, and moves to California. Tateh is struck by an idea for a film series centering on a diverse group of children banding together. The ghosts of Coalhouse and Sarah watch their son grow up ("Epilogue: Ragtime/Wheels of a Dream: Reprise").

Musical numbers

 Act I
 Prologue: "Ragtime" – Company
 "Goodbye, My Love" – Mother
 "Journey On" – Father, Tateh, and Mother
 "The Crime of the Century" ‡ – Evelyn Nesbit, Younger Brother, Judge, Foreman, and Ensemble
 "What Kind of Woman" – Mother
 "A Shtetl iz Amereke" – Ensemble
 "Success" – Tateh, J.P. Morgan, Harry Houdini, Emma Goldman, and Ensemble
 "His Name Was Coalhouse Walker" – Coalhouse and Harlem Ensemble
 "Gettin' Ready Rag" – Coalhouse and Harlem Ensemble
 "Henry Ford" ‡ – Henry Ford, Coalhouse, and Ensemble
 "Nothing Like the City" – Mother, Edgar, Tateh, and Little Girl
 "Your Daddy's Son" – Sarah
 "The Courtship" – Coalhouse, Mother, and Company
 "New Music" – Father, Mother, Younger Brother, Coalhouse, Sarah, and Company
 "Wheels of a Dream" – Coalhouse and Sarah
 "The Night That Goldman Spoke at Union Square" ‡ – Younger Brother, Emma Goldman, and Ensemble
 "Gliding" – Tateh
 "The Trashing of the Car" – Will, Booker T. Washington, Firefighters, and Orchestra
 "Justice" ‡ – Coalhouse and Company
 "President"‡ – Sarah
 "Till We Reach That Day" – Sarah's Friend, Coalhouse, Emma Goldman, Mother, Younger Brother, Tateh, and Company
 Act II
 Entr'acte – Orchestra
 "Harry Houdini, Master Escapist" ≠ – Harry Houdini and Edgar
 "Coalhouse's Soliloquy" – Coalhouse
 "Coalhouse Demands"‡ – Coalhouse, Booker T. Washington, Will Conklin, and Ensemble
 "What a Game" – Father, Edgar, and Men
 "Fire in the City" – Booker T. Washington and Orchestra
 "New Music (Reprise)" – Father
 "Atlantic City" ‡ – Evelyn Nesbit, Harry Houdini, Father, Mother, and Company
 "Buffalo Nickel Photoplay, Inc." – Tateh
 "Our Children" – Mother and Tateh
 "Harlem Nightclub" – Orchestra
 "Sarah Brown Eyes" – Coalhouse and Sarah
 "He Wanted to Say" ‡ – Younger Brother, Emma Goldman, Coalhouse, and Men
 "Back to Before" – Mother
 "Look What You've Done" – Booker T. Washington, Coalhouse, and Company
 "Make Them Hear You" – Coalhouse
 Epilogue: "Ragtime" / "Wheels of a Dream" (reprise) – Coalhouse, Sarah, and Company
 "Exit music" – Orchestra*Notes:

*The original cast recording features a bonus track titled "The Ragtime Symphonic Suite" rather than the exit music composition. The suite premiered at the Hollywood Bowl on July 4, 1997, months before the Broadway transfer. The piece is orchestrated by David Brohn and was conducted by John Mauceri, with original musical director David Loud playing piano.

‡ - shortened in the 2009 Broadway revival

≠ - excised from the 2009 Broadway revival

Orchestration
The Tony Award-winning orchestration by William David Brohn consists of twenty-six musicians. On the original cast recording, the orchestra was expanded to 38 players.
 Strings: 5 violins, 2 violas, 2 cellos, 1 bass, 1 harp, 1 banjo (doubling acoustic guitar, electric guitar, mandolin)
Brass: 2 horns (in F), 2 trumpets (in B; 1st doubling flugelhorn and piccolo trumpet), 1 trombone, 1 bass trombone, 1 tuba
Keyboards: 2 piano (1st doubling synthesizer)
Woodwinds:
 Reed I: flute, piccolo
 Reed II: English horn, oboe
 Reed III: clarinet, E-flat clarinet
 Reed IV: bass clarinet, soprano saxophone, clarinet, flute
 Percussion (2 players): chimes, china cymbal, circus whistle, concert bass drum, drum kit, glockenspiel, gran cassa, key tree, mark tree, sizzle cymbal, suspended cymbal, tom-toms, triangle, whirly tube, woodblock, xylophone

Notes:

 The fourth woodwind part in the original Broadway production had doubled in alto sax.
 In the original West End production, the fourth reed, bass trombone and harp parts were removed and the banjo player does not double on guitar or mandolin.
 The 2009 revival switched the doublings for the second and fourth woodwind parts.

Principal roles and casts

Original casts

Notable Replacements
Broadway (1998-2000)
 Mother: Donna Bullock
 Father: John Dossett
 Coalhouse Walker Jr: James Stovall
 Sarah: LaChanze
 Tateh: John Rubinstein, Michael Rupert

Concert casts

Awards and nominations

Original Broadway production

Original London production

2009 Broadway revival

Adaptation
The show's original creative team of McNally, Ahrens, and Flaherty have created a "new symphonic arrangement" of the musical titled Ragtime: The Symphonic Concert. Its premiere is scheduled for May 2023 with Keith Lockhart leading the Boston Pops Orchestra at Symphonic Hall.With a reprise in July 2023 at Tanglewood

References

External links

 Ragtime (Version 1 - Broadway) at the Music Theatre International website

1998 musicals
Broadway musicals
Musicals based on novels
Sung-through musicals
Musicals about families
Musicals about race and ethnicity
Musicals set in New York City
Musicals set in the 1900s
Musicals set in the 1910s
Cultural depictions of American people
Cultural depictions of Booker T. Washington
Cultural depictions of Harry Houdini
Cultural depictions of Henry Ford
Musicals by Lynn Ahrens
Musicals by Stephen Flaherty
Musicals by Terrence McNally
Musicals inspired by real-life events
Tony Award-winning musicals

Ragtime (musical)


Joseph Palmer (1716–1788) was an American general during the American Revolutionary War.

Palmer was born at Shaugh Prior, Devonshire, England, on March 31, 1716, a son of John and Joan Palmer, née Pearse. He married Mary Cranch on the April 4, 1746, at Ermington and emigrated to Massachusetts later that year with his brother-in-law Richard Cranch.

In 1752 they built a glassworks in Germantown, now a part of Quincy, Massachusetts. Later they built a chocolate mill and spermaceti and salt factories. By the 1770s Palmer had become a supporter of American independence. He fought in the Battle of Lexington and served in the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and on the Cambridge Committee of Safety. He sent Israel Bissell on his ride to warn that the war with Britain had begun. He received a commission as a colonel in the Massachusetts militia and as brigadier for Suffolk County, Massachusetts, in 1776. He went on intelligence-gathering missions in Vermont and Rhode Island and, as brigadier-general, led a failed attack on Newport, Rhode Island. After the war, he returned to his businesses. Heavy debt forced him to leave Germantown and he started a salt factory on the Boston Neck in 1784. Palmer died four years later at his home in Dorchester, Massachusetts, on December 25, 1788.

Wednesday morning near 10 of the clock - Watertown. To all the friends of American liberty be it known that this morning before break of day, a brigade, consisting of about 1,000 to 1,200 men landed at Phip's Farm at Cambridge and marched to Lexington, where they found a company of our colony militia in arms, upon whom they fired without any provocation and killed six men and wounded four others. By an express from Boston, we find another brigade are now upon their march from Boston supposed to be about 1,000. The Bearer, Israel Bissell, is charged to alarm the country quite to Connecticut and all persons are desired to furnish him with fresh horses as they may be needed. I have spoken with several persons who have seen the dead and wounded. Pray let the delegates from this colony to Connecticut see this. J. Palmer, one of the Committee of Safety.

References
Allen Johnson and Dumas Malone, eds., Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Scribner's (1937)

1716 births
1788 deaths
People from South Hams (district)
British emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies
Militia generals in the American Revolution
Massachusetts militiamen in the American Revolution

Joseph Palmer (American Revolutionary War general)