Samuel Bookatz (October 3, 1910 – November 16, 2009) was a prolific painter who defied the demands of his blue collar, Orthodox Jewish upbringing to study art in the United States and Europe. Bookatz painted in a variety of styles: for commissions with presidential, military, political, and civic portraits; for religious and secular frescoes; and mostly for his own vision. In his private art, he developed from a realistic style to impressionist paintings, later to figurative expressionist and to increasingly abstract expressionist themes.

Biography
Bookatz was the fourth of six children born in Philadelphia and soon moved to Cleveland with Russian immigrant parents who observed Orthodox Jewish practices. His father struggled to support the family as a carpenter. His mother refused to learn English after relocating from Lithuania to the U.S. His mother opposed Bookatz's early interest in art, preferring medical, law, or business training that would be more lucrative than the lower blue collar existence in which he was raised. He prevailed, defying his parents' wishes by working after high school graduation in a factory for three years while taking free art classes, finally saving enough to attend and graduate from the Cleveland School of Art. He won a Faculty prize that allowed him to study art at the Boston School of Fine Arts and anatomy at Harvard Medical School.

Bookatz produced early work strong enough that one submission won the 1937 Prix de Rome and allowed him to tour Europe studying art in London, Paris, and Rome for two years. That prize bestowed not only accolades for his work but a valuable free studio and complimentary access to all museums and educational facilities in Europe as a scholar. During that period, he exhibited at the American Academy of Rome, attended by King Victor Emmanuel. During his European tour he encountered problems with dictator-era authorities, was expelled from a train for assisting a Jewish child, and was arrested for failing to stand in his window alcove while sketching an orating Benito Mussolini. While in Europe he married Laurie Tridell of France after a whirlwind romance. She divorced him a year later when she was not permitted to accompany him in returning to the U.S.

Although his mother discarded his stored Cleveland artwork while he was overseas, Bookatz was able to mount a one-man show at the Cleveland Institute of Art in 1940 with the fruits of his European trip. Back in the U.S. he quickly developed a means for sustaining himself with art though portraits of prominent locals in 1940–41. One of these subjects, Cleveland Press science writer David Deitz, was on the National Reserve Council and was a consultant to the surgeon general. He inquired about Bookatz's lack of plans during a time of draft and war. Deitz made an introduction regarding a post President Roosevelt created "to commission an artist who would be attached to the National Medical Corps who would create murals depicting men in their line of duty."

Bookatz accepted the commission. His official enlistment was recalled by Jan Kenneth Herman, Navy Medical Department historian: "You're in the Navy. Report to the Navy Surgeon General in Washington. You're going to be an artist." He soon became FDR's personal painter and because of short supplies of office and studio space in wartime D.C., was ensconced in the White House in the Lincoln Bedroom for two years. He created official portraits of both Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt during this time. He wrote, "The best light I had was sitting on the edge of Lincoln's bed and painting with my easel propped up in front of me." His portraits of five admirals hang at the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. He painted Vice Adm. Ross T. McIntire (Navy Surgeon General and President Roosevelt's personal physician) and Pennsylvania governor David L. Lawrence as well.

In addition to increasingly impressionist still life and landscape paintings, and the realism of portraiture, Bookatz diversified his styles further: the murals were assignments as part of FDR's Federal Art Project of the Depression era "and I felt I had to conform to the social realism that was popular at the time." At the close of the war, his anatomical studies at Harvard allowed him to work for a year in Oakland, California, assisting surgeons with planning reconstructive facial surgery for injured military men.

Bookatz showed increasing interest in figurative expressionism in his personal artwork. From his non-commissioned paintings, he began submitting works to Washington's Corcoran Gallery biennial exhibitions in 1945—a practice he continued through 1961—developing a style whereby his "figure drawings are formed out of a complex amalgam of generalized abstraction and painstakingly detailed figuration." In 1948 he was given a one-person exhibition at the Corcoran. In 1950 he was given a one-person exhibition at the Smithsonian Institution.

In 1950, he met Joe Morgan, architect for the Marriott Corporation, based in Washington. The Marriott hotel chain was planning free-standing restaurants called the Hot Shoppes. Morgan commissioned Bookatz to create murals for all eight restaurants. The figurative expressionist scenes involved modern flower gardens with figures entwined. He also worked on increasingly abstract architectural details for temples, office buildings, and later frescoes for eight elder housing buildings by D.C. developer Joseph Della Ratta. In 1962 he developed, via a grant from the Ford Foundation, set designs for the D.C. Arena Stage. The increasingly abstract styles of painting can be seen in his works acquired by such friends as military man Jack Gross, whose art estate was bequeathed to the Harrisburg Art Association, and Pearl S. Buck.

Through these types of commissions, portraits, and architectural design, as well as occasional commercial endorsements such as a 1954 Crayola Crayon ad in American Artist, Bookatz was able to circumvent the rigors of gallery showings and income through sales in those venues. This allowed him to develop his personal art as he wished, absent of saleability considerations. He could instead submit works to museums and occasional pieces to the New York gallery Monede. In his pursuit of works that spoke to him, he co-founded the Washington Abstraction Group with Arshile Gorky.

In 1964, Bookatz married Helen Suzzann Meyer, and purchased a D.C. building to open a larger studio and the Bookatz Gallery. He later bought a different building in 1967 and again in 1973, always locating in D.C. Over the subsequent decades he worked in a style in which he moved from painting to painting in a single day, developing the canvasses over a period of time: "I can work on 12 canvasses in a one day ranging from realist to abstract." He showed less frequently in New York and other galleries, having his own display space in the building where his art studio was housed. He thereby amassed, over the decades, over 5,000 pieces. In 1999, he had a second one-person exhibition at the Corcoran.

After the turn of the 20th century, as he passed age 90, Bookatz conducted a search with the assistance of the Corcoran for a commercial gallery to handle sales of the paintings. In 2006, he selected a gallery in the Cleveland area, a nod to his childhood city. Since his death at age 99, the vast majority of his paintings, numbering in the thousands, are being overseen by the Bookatz Foundation. Samuel Bookatz was survived by his wife, Sue. He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery in January 2010.

Reviews and commentary
"Samuel Bookatz has recently made a radical shift in his point of view toward painting... and has entered a period of experimentation, intensifying his color and breaking up his line. In a sense, he has made his painting more impersonal, the better to express his emotional response to what he sees."

The portraits "adhere to the academic tradition—warm flesh tones and meticulous brush technique in accord with formal practice," while the non-portraits show a style of painting in "a broad sweeping fashion with spatula or palette knife," his pieces "combined wash and impastos or ink and pastel with emulsion seeking a luminous gem-like quality."

A review of a 1961 show at Monede Gallery, New York: "His mastery of drawing is apparent," Bookatz may have been a "newcomer to NY though by no means a beginner," "his paintings constitute a genuinely personal world and have modesty of conception and attitude." "Particular to Bookatz is the frequent graceful rhythm which runs through the figures and, more basically, through one painting, since several heads are merely ovals which are repeated below to suggest spirals. The color is never diverse and often green, gray, or blue."

Bookatz's "canvasses are filled with improvisational visual exchanges that are deeply reflective of the lessons of pre- and post-war abstraction." "Working simultaneously on nearly a dozen different paintings at a time, he moves back and forth between different styles, media, and subjects as if they were all pieces of the same complicated puzzle."

Exhibitions and awards

Selected solo exhibitions
 1938 American Academy in Rome
 1939 Academia Colarossi Gallery, Paris
 1940 Cleveland Institute of Art
 1948 Corcoran Gallery, D.C.
 1950 Smithsonian Institution
 1998 Cleveland Institute of Art
 1999 Corcoran Gallery

Selected prizes, awards, and commissions
 1937 Prix de Rome
 1940 Presidential Artist in Residence
 1952 Corcoran 1st prize

In permanent collections
 Smithsonian Institution
 Library of Congress
 Corcoran Gallery, D.C.
 The Phillips Collection, D.C.
 Hirshhorn Museum, D.C.
 Cleveland Museum of Art
 Butler Institute of American Art, Youngstown OH
 Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia
 Pennsylvania State Capitol
 Navy Medical Museum, murals and portraits

References

External links
 Corcoran Gallery

1910 births
2009 deaths
Abstract expressionist artists
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Cleveland Institute of Art alumni
Jewish American artists
American muralists
American portrait painters

20th-century American painters
American male painters
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Federal Art Project artists
20th-century American Jews
21st-century American Jews
20th-century American male artists

Samuel Bookatz


Rajiv Gandhi International Airport  is an international airport that serves Hyderabad, the capital of the Indian state of Telangana. It is located in Shamshabad, about  south of Hyderabad and it was opened on 23 March 2008 to replace Begumpet Airport, which was the sole civilian airport serving Hyderabad. It is named after Rajiv Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India. Built over an area of , it is the largest airport of India by area. It is owned and operated by GMR Hyderabad International Airport Limited (GHIAL), a public–private consortium. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad was the first airport in India to launch domestic e-boarding facility in December 2015 and international e-boarding facility in October 2020. It has also ranked in AirHelp's list of top 10 airports in the world. The fourth busiest airport in India by passengers traffic, it handled almost 21 million passengers and over  of cargo between April 2022 and March 2023.

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport is India's first greenfield airport built under a public-private partnership model. The airport has an integrated passenger terminal, a cargo terminal and two runways. There are also aviation training facilities, a fuel farm, a solar power plant and two maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) facilities. The airport serves as a hub for Alliance Air (India), Amazon Air, Blue Dart Aviation, SpiceJet and IndiGo. It is a focus city for Air India.

History

Planning (1991–2004)
The existing commercial airport, Begumpet Airport, was unable to handle rising passenger traffic. The state government led by then chief minister N. Chandrababu Naidu initially considered converting Hakimpet Air Force Station to civilian use; however, the Air Force refused. When the State proposed the construction of a new airport for the Air Force, the Ministry of Defence suggested the State consider sites south of Begumpet Airport. By October 1998, the State had narrowed down to three possible locations for the new airport: Bongloor, Nadergul and Shamshabad. Due to its convenient location near two highways (NH 44 and NH 765) and a railway line, Shamshabad was selected in December 1998.

In November 2000, under the N. Chandrababu Naidu government and the Airports Authority of India (AAI) signed a memorandum of understanding on the greenfield airport project, establishing it as a public–private partnership. The State and AAI together would hold a 26% stake in the project, while the remaining 74% would be allotted to private companies. Through a bidding process the Shamshabad international airport with already land acquired of 5500 acres is in government possession and N. Chandrababu Naidu assigned bid to consortium consisting of Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao (GMR Group) and Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad was chosen as the holder of the 74% stake.

In December 2002, Hyderabad International Airport Ltd (HIAL), later renamed GMR Hyderabad International Airport Limited (GHIAL), was created as a special purpose entity, into which the State, AAI and GMR–MAHB placed their stakes.

In September 2003, the members of GHIAL signed a shareholders' agreement, as well as an agreement for state subsidy of over . A concession agreement between GHIAL and the Central Government was signed in December 2004, stipulating that no airport within a  radius of RGIA could be operated. Thus, the closure of Begumpet Airport was required.

Construction and opening (2005–2008)

The project was forwarded when Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy gained power and construction began by GMR on 16 March 2005 when Sonia Gandhi laid the foundation stone. Two days prior, the Central Government had named the airport after former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, who had undergone pilot training in Hyderabad. The naming resulted in opposition from the Telugu Desam Party (TDP). At Begumpet Airport, the international terminal was named after Rajiv Gandhi while the domestic terminal was named after TDP founder N. T. Rama Rao; TDP wanted to continue this naming convention at the new airport. However, the new airport has only one terminal.

Roughly three years after the foundation stone laying ceremony, the airport was inaugurated on 14 March 2008 amid protests. TDP repeated its demand for the naming of the domestic terminal. In addition, on 12 and 13 March, 20,000 AAI employees had conducted a strike against the closure of Begumpet Airport, as well as that of HAL Airport in Bangalore, fearing they would lose their jobs.

RGIA was originally scheduled to open to commercial operations on 16 March 2008; however, the date was delayed due to protests from some airlines over the high ground handling rates at the airport. Once the rates were reduced, the launch date was set for 23 March 2008. Although Lufthansa Flight 752 from Frankfurt was scheduled to be the first flight to land at RGIA, two SpiceJet flights landed earlier. However, the Lufthansa flight still received the planned ceremonial welcome upon its 12:25 am arrival.

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport reassigned the IATA airport code, HYD, from Begumpet Airport after the previous airport ceased international commercial flights.

Later developments (2009–present)

In September 2011, SpiceJet launched its regional hub at RGIA, using its new Bombardier Q400 aircraft. The airline, which chose Hyderabad due to its central location in the country, flies to several Tier-II and Tier-III cities from the airport. Regional airline TruJet too opened a hub at RGIA upon commencing operations in July 2015.

In November 2014, the Ministry of Civil Aviation resolved that the domestic terminal of RGIA would be named after N. T. Rama Rao,  resulting in protests from members of the Rajya Sabha. Airport officials remained unsure as to how the naming would occur.

Ownership
RGIA is owned and operated by GMR Hyderabad International Airport Ltd (GHIAL), a public–private venture. It is composed of public entities Airports Authority of India (13%) and the Government of Telangana (13%), as well as a private consortium between GMR Group (63%) and Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (11%). Per the concession agreement between GHIAL and the Central Government, GHIAL has the right to operate the airport for 30 years, with the option to continue doing so for another 30 years. In May 2022, Central Government  extended the concession agreement term of GHIAL from 23 March 2038, up to 22 March 2068. In October 2023, GMR Group informed in a release announcing the signing of Sales and Purchase Agreement (SPA) that it had decided to acquire the 11% stake of Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad, thus raising its overall stake to 74%.

Facilities

Structure
The airport is spread over . Out of which  have been developed towards airport needs which mainly constitutes  of land is airside and  of land is landside facilities. The remaining  is expansion of the airport. No further land will be acquired. The airport is fully planned within .

Runways
The airport has two runways:
 Runway 09L/27R: .
 Runway 09R/27L: , ILS equipped.

Runway 09R/27L, the original and primary runway, is long enough to be able to receive the Airbus A380 which is the world's largest passenger aircraft. Originally a taxiway, runway 09L/27R was inaugurated in February 2012. Its length is shorter than the main runway and able to handle aircraft such as the Airbus A340 and Boeing 747. It is mainly used when runway 09R/27L is undergoing maintenance, and as air traffic to the airport rises it will be used more often. North of these runways are the three parking aprons: the cargo, passenger terminal and MRO aprons. The passenger terminal apron contains parking stands on both the north and south sides of the terminal. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad was the first international airport in south India to have a parallel runway at the time of inauguration of the second runway in February 2012 respectively.

Terminal
RGIA has an integrated passenger terminal, which covers  and has a capacity for 34 million passengers per year. The western side of the terminal handles international flights while the eastern side is for domestic operations. There are 46 immigration counters and 96 check-in desks with 19 kiosks for self check-in. There is a total of nine gates, seven of which are located on the south side of the terminal and the other two on the north side. Three gates are each equipped with two jetways to accelerate the handling of widebody aircraft. Public lounge facilities are provided by Plaza Premium Lounge, which operates three lounges in the terminal; there are also three separate lounges for VIPs. The pre-security "airport village" is a meeting point for passenger pick-up.

The airport has 57 parking bays: 47 remote parking bays and 10 aero bridges. In January 2019 the GHIAL added another 26 parking bays which makes a total of 83 parking bays.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Cargo

Statistics

GMR Aerospace Park
The GMR Aerospace Park contains several facilities primarily related to the aviation sector. It has a  special economic zone, which includes an  Free Trade and Warehousing Zone, as well as a domestic tariff area.

Aviation training
The GMR Aviation Academy is located in the park. It was established in 2009 in co-operation with the International Air Transport Association (IATA), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Airports Council International (ACI) and the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). The academy offers programmes related to airport operations, which are accredited by the listed organisations. The park also includes the Asia Pacific Flight Training (APFT) academy, an initiative of GMR Group and Asia Pacific Flight Training. Launched in 2013, it provides pilot training courses.

GMR Aero Technic Ltd MRO
The MRO operated by GMR Aero Technic Ltd is one of two MROs at the airport. Built at a cost of  and inaugurated in March 2012, the facility can handle up to five aircraft simultaneously. Initially, the MRO was a joint venture between GMR Group and Malaysian Aerospace Engineering (MAE), a subsidiary of Malaysia Airlines. However, amid its parent's poor financial situation following the Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 incident, MAE was unable to fund the MRO, which had been accruing losses. GMR bought out MAE's stake in December 2014.

GMR Aero Technic Ltd is the only one MRO in private sector in India with extensive capability to maintain Airbus A320 family aircraft, Boeing 737, ATR 72/42 and Bombardier DHC Q400 aircraft. GMR Aero Technic is a world class aircraft maintenance organisation approved by EASA and Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India) and various civil aviation authorities and one of the few MROs certified for AS9110 standards in South East Asia region.

Other facilities

Air India MRO
The other MRO is operated by Air India Engineering Services Limited (AIESL), a subsidiary of Air India. Spread over , the facility cost  to construct and was opened in May 2015.

Cargo terminal

The cargo terminal is located west of the passenger terminal. It covers  and can handle  of cargo annually. The terminal is operated by Hyderabad Menzies Air Cargo Pvt Ltd, a joint venture between GHIAL (51%) and Menzies Aviation (49%). Within the terminal is the Pharma Zone, a temperature-controlled facility designed for storing pharmaceuticals. The first such facility to be opened at an Indian airport, it is important to RGIA as pharmaceuticals account for 70% of exports from the airport. In May 2011, Lufthansa Cargo launched its first pharma hub at the airport.

Fuel farm
The airport has a fuel farm consisting of six storage tanks in which 4 are filled, with a total capacity for  of jet fuel. The tanks are connected to the apron via underground pipelines. Reliance Industries built and operates the farm, which can be used by any oil company under an open-access model.

Solar power plant
In January 2016, GHIAL commissioned a 5 MW solar power plant near RGIA, which will be used to serve the airport's energy needs. It was built over  at a cost of . Over the following two to three years, the capacity of the plant will be raised to 30 MW, allowing RGIA to become fully solar powered.

Airport hotel

The Novotel Hyderabad Airport, located  from RGIA, was opened in October 2008. The hotel includes 305 rooms, two restaurants and a lounge for aircrew. It was initially owned by GHIAL before being shifted to subsidiary GMR Hotels and Resorts Ltd. Owing to high losses from low occupancy, GMR began seeking buyers of the hotel in August 2015.

Kartainment Go Karting Track
Kartainment is a professional racing and recreational Go- Karting track located in the GMR Rajiv Gandhi Hyderabad International Airport, Shamshabad. It is made up of 900 meter professional track and 600 meter recreational Go-Karting track. The quality of the track and its maintenance is of extremely high standards and Kartaiment is the preferred choice to host many National Karting Championship events.

Aero Plaza

Aero Plaza is located within the main terminal of the airport. It is spread over two floors and was inaugurated in 2022.

GMR Aerocity Hyderabad
In April 2021, GMR Group announced the launch of GMR Hyderabad Airport City, which is proposed to be the largest aerotropolis in India spread across  around Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, and is being billed as an "integrated ecosystem covering Office Space, Retail, Leisure, Entertainment, Hospitality, Education, Healthcare, Aerospace & Logistics".

Connectivity

Road

RGIA is connected to the city of Hyderabad by NH 44, NH 765 and the Outer Ring Road. In October 2009, the PV Narasimha Rao Expressway was completed between Mehdipatnam and Aramghar, where it joins NH 44. This long flyover which is 13 km has reduced travel time between the airport and the city to 30–40 minutes and also provides three entry and exit points.

The "Pushpak – Airport Liner" service of the Telangana State Road Transport Corporation provides bus transportation to different parts of the city. It was launched in December 2012 to replace GMR's Aero Express service.

Metro
Under the second phase of the Hyderabad Metro Rail project, a  rail link between Raidurg and RGIA will be constructed. As of late 2015, feasibility studies on the phase are underway. In August 2019, K. T. Rama Rao said that state cabinet has approved the Hyderabad Airport Metro Express Link from Raidurg to the airport. The alignment to Shamshabad RGI Airport from the Raidurg metro station will be  passing over Bio-diversity Junction, through Roda Mistry college lane, Khajaguda Junction. The 31 km-long Hyderabad Airport Metro Express link will cost around  6250 crore. In September 2021, GMR Group, the company operating the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA) in Hyderabad said that it will invest  519.52 crore towards metro connectivity at the airport. During foundation laying ceremony on 9 December 2022, GMR Group contributed , or 10 per cent of the project's cost.

The closest Indian Railways station is Umdanagar, which is 6 km from the airport.

Future plans
In 2009, GHIAL decided to postpone the second phase due to lower growth in passenger traffic than anticipated. The phase was revived in late 2015, as the airport is expected to reach its capacity in 2016. The first leg of this phase will bring the capacity to 18 million passengers annually, and the second leg will raise it to 20 million. The passenger terminal will be enlarged with additional security lanes, check-in counters and other facilities, and solar panels will be built on the roof. In October 2017, GHIAL CEO SGK Kishore confirmed that the airport expansion would start by January 2018, and it is expected to be completed by the end of 2019. But due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which caused lockdowns, restrictions and curfews, it resulted in lack of labour and delays in work. Construction work has resumed as of mid 2021, and now it is expected to be completed by 2023. The airport terminal will be expanded to include 48 aerobridges, a larger arrival area for faster check out and more check-in desks.

In the midst of the expansion to 25 million, the grant for the 50 million PPA expansion was awarded. The master plan of the airport involves construction of new runways and the terminal on the north side of the airport approach road which replicates the existing runways and terminal on the south of approach road. New cross taxiways will be built on east & west of terminals connecting the runways on north and south of the approach road. The approach road tunnel will be built under the new taxiways which allows free flow of traffic  entering airport from ORR/Bangalore Highway junction and Srisailam Highway as well. The final phase of expansion will increase the terminal capacity to 80 million passengers annually.

See also
 List of airports in India
 List of the busiest airports in India
 List of airports in Telangana
 Warangal Airport

References

External links

Airports in Telangana
International airports in India
2008 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Airports established in 2008
Transport in Hyderabad, India
Buildings and structures in Hyderabad, India
Public–private partnership projects in India
GMR Group

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport


Microsoft SQL Server Data Engine (MSDE, also Microsoft Data Engine or Microsoft Desktop Engine) is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. It is a scaled-down version of Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 or 2000 which is free for non-commercial use as well as certain limited commercial use. It was introduced at Microsoft TechEd in May 1999, and was included as part of Microsoft Office 2000 Developer Edition. Its successor, SQL Server Express was released in November 2005. Vendor support of MSDE ended on April 8, 2008.

Overview

Microsoft Desktop Engine
MSDE was initially designed by (then) Microsoft Program Manager Jeff Alger and later implemented by Peter Byrne (core), Ronald Martinsen (core/setup), and Mike Maringas (setup). Alger and Martinsen are the co-inventors who hold the patent.

The initial release of MSDE is called the "Microsoft Desktop Engine", which is based on SQL Server 7.0 and was positioned as an alternative to using the Jet Database Engine used by Microsoft Access with a focus on its ability to operate as a client–server application instead of requiring direct access to the file system which the Jet database resided on. Microsoft Access, the company's most popular database tool at the time, was expanded for its Office 2000 release to incorporate using Microsoft Desktop Engine as its back-end data store. This design was promoted by Microsoft as a solution for small workgroups that may eventually grow to require the full SQL Server product. This initial release of MSDE also included the Data Transformation Services Wizard, which provided the ability to use OLE DB and ODBC data sources to transfer data between SQL Server 7.0 and MSDE. Supported operating systems at the time of its release included Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4, and was available for both x86 and Alpha architectures.

Microsoft Data Engine can be found in Microsoft Access 2000 and other Microsoft products.

MSDE toolkit for Visual Studio 6.0 can be found in October 2000 MSDN DVD Office Test Platform and Development Tools, English Pack as MSDE for Visual Studio., or in October 2000 MSDN CD Office Test Platform and Development Tools (English Pack, European Pack I, Japanese Pack, Latin American pack).

Microsoft SQL Server Data Engine
It is based on SQL Server 2000. System requirement was changed to Windows 98.

MSDE could be distributed with commercial products by registering with Microsoft — in most cases this distribution is also free of charge. SQL Server's server licence includes right to distribute MSDE.

MSDE 2000 includes following resource kits: MSDE 2000 Deployment Resource Kit, MSDE 2000 Web Resource Kit.

MSDE 2000 is also found in various products, such as Microsoft Office XP (Professional, Developer), Visual Studio .NET 2002-2003.

Features
Compared with the full server editions of SQL Server 7.0 and 2000, MSDE has some restrictions: a limit of 2 GB databases, and has a workload governor which reduces its speed when eight or more concurrent workloads are running. Microsoft has also stated that MSDE is not supported in Windows NT 6.0 operating systems such as Windows Vista. No graphical user interface management tools were released for MSDE, but SQL Server 2000's Enterprise Manager (as well as later versions such as SQL Server Management Studio) can be used to connect to it.

See also
 SQL Server Compact

References

External links
Microsoft page: MSDE 2000
SQL Server Express Edition

Proprietary database management systems
Microsoft server technology
Discontinued Microsoft software

ja:Microsoft SQL Server#MSDE

MSDE


Emory Lee Gordy Jr. (born December 25, 1944) is an American musician, songwriter and music producer. A former member of Emmylou Harris' backing band The Hot Band, he is best known for his association with country singer Patty Loveless, to whom he has been married since 1989. Gordy has produced and played bass guitar on nearly all of her albums, in addition to producing albums by Steve Earle, George Jones, and Alabama.

Early life
Gordy started his musical education by age four at the piano. At six he had begun to tackle the trumpet and would soon learn the banjo, euphonium, guitar, and ukulele. In high school Gordy divided his time and talents between string bands, Dixieland bands, and a top 40 garage band, honing his musical skills and learning to arrange music. After graduation, he continued his musical studies at Middle Georgia State University and later Georgia State University, performing French horn in the concert band.

Career

Early years
Gordy began his career as a studio musician in Atlanta in 1964 when he was asked to fill in during a performance by Tommy Roe at a local concert. A week later he got the proverbial phone call; on the other end of the line was Joe South, an Atlanta-based record producer who had covered Roe on guitar alongside Gordy the week before.  Soon Gordy was working alongside Roe, Mac Davis, The Tams and Freddy Weller, as well as touring with Lou Christie, and Billy Joe Royal.  With Buddy Buie and J.R. Cobb, he is a co-writer on the Classics IV hit "Traces", listed as number 32 in BMI's Top 100 Songs of the Century. He also arranged Roy Orbison's "Walk On" and The Winston's "Color Him Father".

Musician/touring
Gordy moved to Los Angeles in early 1970 and continued working as a studio musician.  Along with the studio work, he supplemented with engineering and production work for Debbie Reynolds and Liberace.  In 1971, he had the opportunity to tour as a bass player with Neil Diamond and played multiple instruments (including guitar, mandolin, percussion, and vibes) in the recording sessions that led up to Diamond's million-selling Hot August Night.

In 1972, Gordy worked with Elvis Presley, playing bass on Separate Ways and Burning Love. He toured with Presley in 1973, playing bass for Elvis Presley's TCB Band. Later, along with fellow Presley band members James Burton, Glen D. Hardin and Ronnie Tutt, he accompanied Gram Parsons and Emmylou Harris on Parson's Grievous Angel album, released the year after Parsons's untimely death in 1973.

In the mid-1970s, he was an original member of Emmylou Harris's Hot Band along with James Burton, Glen D. Hardin, John Ware, Rodney Crowell and Hank Devito. Remaining with Harris until 1977, Gordy continued to get calls from L.A. studios, where he played bass on projects by The Bellamy Brothers, Billy Joel and Tom Petty. Gordy would go on to play in Rodney Crowell and Rosanne Cash's supergroup, The Cherry Bombs, alongside other soon-to-be Nashville luminaries: guitarist Richard Bennett, keyboard player Tony Brown and Vince Gill on guitar.

By 1979 he joined John Denver's band, touring the U.S., Australia and Europe and later composing the bass tracks for two of Denver's albums.

Gordy played on Phil Seymour's 1981 self-titled debut solo album for Boardwalk Records, including the hit single "Precious to Me". Gordy credits that involvement with Shelter Records and its owner Denny Cordell as a meaningful introduction to the rock genre.

In 1986, Gordy was one of several musicians who backed Nanci Griffith as she showcased tracks from her 'Lone Star State Of Mind' album on The Nashville Network TV show 'New Country'.

Studio producer
Pivoting from major touring in 1983, Gordy became a staff producer at MCA Records Nashville, where he co-produced Steve Earle's seminal releases Exit 0 and Guitar Town with Tony Brown. Gordy also produced George Jones' Walls Can Fall , which won the CMA Vocal Event of the Year for I Don't Need Your Rockin' Chair, Bill Monroe's Southern Flavor, winning the first Grammy for Best Bluegrass Album and artists Nicolette Larson, Rider's In the Sky, Brenda Lee and his future wife, Patty Loveless.  Leaving MCA Records for independent production, Gordy produced Alabama's, In Pictures and Christmas Vol. II, Vince Gill's Turn Me Loose and The Things That Matter, and Aaron Tippin's You've Got To Stand For Something and Read Between the Lines for RCA Records. Other notable productions include Jimmie Dale Gilmore's Spinning Around The Sun for Elektra Records, Delbert McClinton's One Of the Fortunate Few for Rising Tide Records and Shawn Camp's 1995 for Warner Bros. Records.

Current activities
Active until the mid-2000s, today Gordy is now in semi-retirement and spends most of his time at his home northwest of Atlanta. He still writes, occasionally travels to Nashville as a studio musician for one of his friends, engineers vocals at his home studio, and is seen playing guitar at most of his wife's yearly Nashville appearances at the Grand Ole Opry  He is also an avid ham radio operator and third degree black belt in Karate.

Gordy was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in 1992. His wife, Patty Loveless joined him in the GMHOF in 2005. Gordy was named the first Alumni of the Year for Middle Georgia State University in 2015.

Collaborations
 Cold Spring Harbor - Billy Joel (1971)
 Piano Man - Billy Joel (1973)
 Serenade - Neil Diamond (1974)
 Heart Like a Wheel - Linda Ronstadt (1974)
 Streetlife Serenade - Billy Joel (1974)
 Grievous Angel - Gram Parsons (1974)
 Elite Hotel - Emmylou Harris (1975)
 Just Wanna Rock 'n' Roll - José Feliciano (1975)
 Karla Bonoff - Karla Bonoff (1977)
 Carole Bayer Sager - Carole Bayer Sager (1977)One Of
 I'm Glad You're Here with Me Tonight - Neil Diamond (1977)
 Luxury Liner - Emmylou Harris (1977)
 Ain't Living Long Like This - Rodney Crowell (1978)
 Quarter Moon in a Ten Cent Town - Emmylou Harris (1978)
 Blue Kentucky Girl - Emmylou Harris (1979)
 John Denver - John Denver (1979)
 Right or Wrong - Rosanne Cash (1979)
 Light of the Stable - Emmylou Harris (1979)
 But What Will the Neighbors Think - Rodney Crowell (1980)
 Roses in the Snow - Emmylou Harris (1980)
 Autograph - John Denver (1980)
 Evangeline - Emmylou Harris (1981)
 Shades - J. J. Cale (1981)
 Cimarron - Emmylou Harris (1981)
 Rodney Crowell - Rodney Crowell (1981)
 Seven Year Ache - Rosanne Cash (1981)
 Love Will Turn You Around - Kenny Rogers (1982)
 Somewhere in the Stars - Rosanne Cash (1982)
 We've Got Tonight - Kenny Rogers (1983)
 Riddles in the Sand - Jimmy Buffett (1984)
 The Ballad of Sally Rose - Emmylou Harris (1984)
 High Country Snows - Dan Fogelberg (1985)
 Last Mango in Paris - Jimmy Buffett (1985)
 The Things That Matter - Vince Gill (1985)
 Rose of My Heart - Nicolette Larson (1986)
 Angel Band - Emmylou Harris (1987)
 Lone Star State of Mind - Nanci Griffith (1987)
 Sunday Morning to Sunday Night - Matraca Berg (1997)
 All I Intended to Be - Emmylou Harris (2008)
 Old Yellow Moon - Emmylou Harris, Rodney Crowell (2013)

References

1944 births
Musicians from Atlanta
American session musicians
American country bass guitarists
American country record producers
Grammy Award winners
Living people
The Notorious Cherry Bombs members
TCB Band members
American country guitarists
American male bass guitarists
American multi-instrumentalists
American mandolinists
American rock guitarists
American rock bass guitarists
Guitarists from Georgia (U.S. state)
20th-century American bass guitarists
Country musicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
20th-century American male musicians
Lyle Lovett and His Large Band members

Emory Gordy Jr.


Chadkirk Chapel is a restored historic chapel near Romiley in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport in Greater Manchester, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a Grade II* listed building.

History
There are records of a chaplain at or possibly from Chadkirk in 1347; however, the fact that the name incorporates the word "kirk", deriving from the Scandinavian word for a church or chapel, points to even earlier worship here, at a time when Scandinavian influence on the local dialects of English was strong enough for "kirk" to be a usual word for a house of worship.

The earliest part of the present structure is the half-timbered east end dating back, very probably, to the 16th century, the time of the Tudor kings and queens and of the Reformation, the break between the English Church and the Church of Rome.

In time, however, the chapel fell into disuse and decay. It passed through a succession of owners and is even reputed to have been used as a stable. Subsequently, it was used by Nonconformists but they were ejected during the reign of Queen Anne and erected a new chapel at Hatherlow, at the top of the hill overlooking Chadkirk. The chapel once again fell into neglect and was "in a ruinous condition" until in 1747 it was taken over once more by the Church of England and was substantially rebuilt in stone.

Further repairs were carried out at Chadkirk in 1761 and 1860. In 1876 there was a restoration when much of the furniture was removed.  The chapel was declared redundant in 1971, deconsecrated and then purchased by Bredbury and Romiley Urban District Council. In 1974 local government reorganisation abolished urban districts and the area was transferred to the newly created Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council.  The chapel was restored in 1995 and is used as a wedding venue by Stockport Council and for community events, meetings and activities managed by the non-profit community organisation the Friends of Chadkirk. The Friends group helps to maintain and run the chapel and surrounding estate.

Architecture

The present building dates from the 16th century, although the south walls were rebuilt in 1747.  It is a timber-framed building with a slate roof but most of the walls have been rebuilt in dressed stone.  At the west end is a timber bell-cote with a pyramidal roof and a weather-vane.  The south wall of the nave has two doors and two windows with semicircular heads.  Above the west door is a gabled dormer window.  The chancel has a semicircular-headed window.  The east and north walls of the chancel retain their timber framing.  At the east end is a window with a semicircular head.

See also

Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester
Listed buildings in Bredbury and Romiley

References

External links

Photograph by Craig Thornber
The Friends of Chadkirk

Grade II* listed churches in Greater Manchester
Former churches in Greater Manchester
Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport
Tourist attractions in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport
Chapels in England

Chadkirk Chapel


James Edward Neighbour (15 November 1950 – 11 April 2009) was a professional footballer who played for Tottenham Hotspur, Norwich City, West Ham United and the Seattle Sounders.

Football career
Neighbour joined Spurs as an apprentice in November 1968. He made his senior debut against Stoke City at White Hart Lane in October 1970. A traditional right winger who had the ability to beat defenders, he played on 156 occasions including 22 as substitute and scoring 11 goals in all competitions between 1970–76. The highlight of Neighbour's career at the club was the winning of a League Cup medal in the 1971 Football League Cup Final. He transferred to Norwich City in September 1976 for a £75,000 fee and went on to play 106 matches including two as sub and netting five goals for the Carrow Road club between 1976–1979. West Ham United paid £150,000 for his services in September 1979, where he featured in 97 games in all competitions, scoring six times. Despite not being part of West Ham's victorious 1980 FA Cup Final squad he did contribute four appearances during the cup run. Neighbour was involved in a loan deal which took him to Bournemouth in January 1983, where he played a further six matches. At the end of the 1984–85 season, he played two games for Isthmian League side Cheshunt, but declined to appear for them the following season.

Management and coaching career

After retiring from competitive football, Neighbour joined Enfield as coach under manager Eddie McCluskey, which culminated in the club winning the FA Trophy in 1988. He moved on to West Ham United to become their Youth Development Officer, before acting as Doncaster Rovers assistant manager. Neighbour spent a further two years as manager of St Albans City. He later became a coach of the Tottenham Hotspur's Under 17s team at the Spurs Academy.

Death

Jimmy Neighbour died on Saturday 11 April 2009 from a heart attack whilst at home in Woodford Green, London. He had been recovering at home after a hip replacement operation.

Honours
Tottenham Hotspur
 1971 Football League Cup Final: Winner

References

External links
Fact file
Pen- picture and photo of Jimmy
West Ham stats
The East Anglia derby

NASL career stats

1950 births
2009 deaths
Footballers from Chingford
English men's footballers
English Football League players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
AFC Bournemouth players
Seattle Sounders (1974–1983) players
Cheshunt F.C. players
St Albans City F.C. managers
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
Men's association football wingers
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
English expatriate men's footballers
Association football coaches
West Ham United F.C. non-playing staff
Doncaster Rovers F.C. non-playing staff
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. non-playing staff
English football managers

Jimmy Neighbour


The United States Men's Curling Championship is the annual men's national curling championship for the United States. It is run by the United States Curling Association (USCA) and typically held in conjunction with the Women's Championship. The champion is eligible to represent the United States at the World Men's Curling Championships if they also rank in the top 75 teams over the last two seasons in the World Curling Tour Order of Merit or have earned 40 points in the Order of Merit year-to-date rankings.

History
The United States Men's Curling Championship was started when Marshall Field and Company was inspired to host an American equivalent to the popular Macdonald Brier in Canada. The first championship was held March 27 to 30, 1957 at the Chicago Stadium in Chicago, Illinois. Opening night of the championship included a performance by the Scotch Highlander band of University of Iowa, an all female bagpipe and drum band, and were televised by the local television channel WGN-TV. Ken Watson, three-time Canadian champion, was hired as the commissioner of play and tasked with overseeing the umpires. Ten teams from nine states and one territory (Alaska) competed in a round-robin tournament with Harold Lauber's team from Hibbing, Minnesota coming out victorious.

Marshall Field and Company again ran the Championship in 1958, held at the Milwaukee Arena in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In 1959 the newly formed United States Curling Association took over the operations of the Championship while Marshall Field and Company continued on as a sponsor. That year's Championship was held in Green Bay, Wisconsin at the Brown County Memorial Arena.

In 1961 Frank Crealock and his team out of Seattle won the fifth National Men's Championship, earning them the opportunity to represent the United States at the 1961 Scotch Cup in Scotland. While it was the third year that the Scotch Cup, which would later become the World Men's Curling Championship, was held it was the first year that the United States was invited to compete. Crealock competed against the national champions from Canada and Scotland and after a double round-robin all three teams were tied with a 2–2 record. A playoff was held to break the tie and the United States lost to Canada to finish third. For many years after this the national champion would go on to represent the United States at the World Championships, though eligibility prerequisites were added in recent years.

The 2021 Championship was originally planned to be held February 6–13 at the ImOn Ice Arena in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and it would have been the first time the Men's National Championship was held in Iowa. But in August, 2020 the arena was damaged during a severe derecho storm. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused delays in repairing the arena and in November, 2020 the USCA announced that an alternative host site would be found. Only a month later, the USCA announced another change to the 2021 Championship when they declared that all remaining 2020–21 events would be either cancelled or postponed until late spring 2021. This postponement delayed the Men's National Championship until after the 2021 World Men's Championship and so the 2020 champions, John Shuster's team, were selected to represent the United States. This gave the team the opportunity to compete at Worlds which they missed the previous year when the 2020 World Men's Championship was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On March 29, 2021 it was announced that the 2021 Men's Championship will be held in conjunction with the Women's Nationals and Mixed Doubles Nationals in a bio-secure bubble at Wausau Curling Club in Wausau, Wisconsin in May, 2021.

Qualification
The qualification methods and format of the championship has changed over time, but currently ten teams play in each championship.  Five spots are awarded to the top American teams in the World Curling Federation (WCF) World Team Ranking System at a particular date roughly two months out from the championship. Four spots are awarded to the top teams from a Challenge Round, open to all United States curlers. The final spot is awarded to a team from that year's Junior Championships, as selected by the USCA.

Previously the USCA's High Performance Program has had the ability to select two of the competitors from their pool of teams.

For the 2021 Championship the qualification methods were modified slightly due to impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The field was cut down to eight teams, included were the 2020 champion and runner-up, the top three teams in the WCF World Team Ranking System on September 1, 2020, and the top three teams from the Challenge Round. The tournament was later postponed to May 2021; as it falls after the 2021 World Men's Curling Championship, the 2020 winners will represent the United States in their place.

Format
The current format begins with a complete nine game round robin where each of the ten teams play every other team. At the end of the round robin the top four teams qualify for the playoffs; if there is a tie for fourth place then a tiebreaker game is played. The playoffs are conducted in the page playoff format, a common playoff format in curling. In a page playoff the 1 seed and 2 seed play with the winner advancing straight to the championship game. The 3 seed and 4 seed teams play and the winner of that match plays the loser of the 1 vs 2 game. The winner of this third game advances to the championship to face the winner of the 1 vs 2 game.

Past champions
The location and champion of every men's national championship since it began in 1957:

Notes
  This column shows the results of the team representing the United States at the World Curling Championships. Based on the rules implemented by the United States Curling Association for the 2013–14 season, the United States team at the World Curling Championships is not necessarily the team that won the national championship.
  Record is for the 2021 World Men's Curling Championship. The 2020 World Men's Curling Championship was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  Record is for the 2022 World Men's Curling Championship. The 2022 US Championship was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Champions by state

Sportsmanship Award
The Ann Brown Sportsmanship Award has been presented annually since 2007 to one male and one female athlete at the National Championships who are judged to best embody the USCA Spirit of Curling as voted on by their peers. The award is given in memory of Ann Brown, who was the first female president of the United States Curling Association and was the second female inductee into the USCA Hall of Fame.

See also
Scottish Men's Curling Championship
Tim Hortons Brier
United States Women's Curling Championship
Scotties Tournament of Hearts (Canada)
Scottish Women's Curling Championship

References

External links
List of champions

Curling competitions in the United States
Curling
Curling
Recurring sporting events established in 1957


Dimension 5 (also known as Dimension Five or Dimension Four) is a 1966 science fiction/espionage film written by Arthur C. Pierce and directed by Franklin Adreon. Jeffrey Hunter and France Nuyen star as time-traveling secret agents. It is part of a series of nine low-budget films produced by United Pictures Corporation.

The films were intended for TV distribution, but received a theatrical release. The time-travel premise had previously been used in the studio's film Cyborg 2087.

Plot
Justin Power (Hunter), an agent for Espionage, Inc., returns from a mission in which he used a time-travel belt to steal secret plans. He is told by his superior, Cane (Donald Woods), he is to be teamed with a Chinese agent to combat an Asian crime ring, Dragon, headed by crime lord Big Buddha (Sakata). A sister agency has discovered Dragon plans to destroy Los Angeles if United States forces are not withdrawn from Southeast Asia.

Aware that Dragon has a primitive hydrogen bomb, but no way to deliver it, Espionage, Inc plans to interrogate a captured agent, Chang (Gerald Jann). Chang is being brought from Hong Kong by two agents—Sato (Robert Ito) and George (Robert Phillips)—so they might learn Dragon plans. Chang insists that Dragon will see to it that he will never talk. An assassination attempt occurs immediately. Though George is killed, Chang survives when a female agent shoots the assassin with a dart.

Informed of the incident, Power goes to Ontario Airport where he uses his time-travel device to "preview" the assassination. A man in a cowboy suit shoots Chang with a dart gun concealed in a camera, while Sato and the female agent watch helplessly. The shooter then escapes in a limousine with Big Buddha in the back seat. Powers then switches to the present, warns Sato by radio of the threat, and orders the limousine be prevented from following their taxi. Then he punches out the would-be killer, and the transfer is made successfully.

At headquarters, the Professor (Jon Lormer), and his assistant, Miss Sweet (Deanna Lund), subject Chang to a truth machine that forces him to tell what he knows at the risk of brain damage. During the process, Chang switches to Chinese and Sato has to translate. The interrogation of Chang reveals that a hydrogen bomb is being delivered piece-by-piece and assembled in Los Angeles, to be exploded on Christmas Day, three months away. Power meets his new partner, Ki Ti Tsu (Kitty) (France Nuyen), the agent who aided during the Hong Kong assassination attempt.

Power takes Kitty to a Cantonese restaurant run by an old friend, Kim Fong (Kam Tong). He asks Fong about the black market (Power's cover is an importer) and he offers to help, until Big Buddha is mentioned. Fong's hostess, Nancy Ho  (Linda Ho)—a Dragon agent—recognizes Kitty as a Chinese agent and forces Fong to give Power a bomb disguised as an owl-shaped incense burner. Kitty is suspicious because in China, an owl is symbolic of ill omen, and because she recognizes the hostess as an enemy agent. Power disregards her suspicions, and both happen to be out of the car when the bomb explodes.

Later, Power visits Ho and confronts her, demanding the location of the bomb. Ho is killed by Kitty as the former tries to stab Power. Kitty then turns Power over to Dragon agent Stoneface. This a ruse; she has her own reasons to meet up with Big Buddha, and after she signals headquarters, Power is rescued. Power then demonstrates the time travel belt to Kitty, warning her that she must limit her travels to areas that she knows will still be there in the future or past.

Power receives a message from Cane and learns the Ming company—the maker of the owl bomb and a front for Dragon—has a warehouse in Long Beach, and is expecting a shipment from Hong Kong on the Osaka Maru in three weeks. Power and Kitty time travel ahead the three weeks, unaware that they are being watched. When Stoneface wants to kill them with a disintegrator, Big Buddha has him killed instead.

Inspecting the warehouse in the future, Power and Kitty discover Uranium-238 in with the Christmas decorations, but are discovered by Big Buddha, who has been expecting them for the last three weeks. Limited by the restriction that he can only travel to locations he can see, Power bounces between barrels as Dragon agents hunt him. Kitty confronts Big Buddha, wanting revenge for his war crimes as executioner during the Nanking Massacre, including the death of her parents seven years earlier, but she is captured. Power surrenders to Big Buddha to save her. Big Buddha plans to ship Power to Hong Kong to extract secrets from him.

Unexpectedly, Big Buddha's mute servant girl tries to stab him. Power uses the distraction to turn on Big Buddha's bodyguard, Genghis, and a furious fight develops. The much larger Genghis overpowers Power. Finally, Kitty manages to toss Power a gun, which he uses to shoot Genghis down.

Big Buddha by now has forgotten all about his servant girl, who has been waiting for her chance to stab him again. This time she kills him.

Power and Kitty return to the present to use their knowledge to stop Dragon again without time travel, and let Cane's people do all the work.

Cast
 Jeffrey Hunter ... Justin Power
 France Nuyen ... Kitty
 Harold Sakata ... Big Buddha
 Donald Woods ... Cane
 Kam Tong ... Kim Fong
 Linda Ho ... Nancy Ho
 Robert Ito ... Sato
 David Chow ... Stoneface
 Jon Lormer ... Professor
 Bill Walker ... Slim
 Virginia Ann Lee (as Virginia Lee) ... Mute Girl
 Lee Kolima ... Genghis
 Deanna Lund ... Miss Sweet
 Robert Phillips ... George

Release
Posters billed Sakata as Harold "Oddjob" Sakata to cash in on his popularity for his role in Goldfinger.

Review
Most reviewers have given fair to poor reviews, centering on the film's low production values and silly plot. Jeffrey Hunter's performance has been criticized for his looking bored. France Nuyen, on the other hand, was praised for her performance as a femme fatale.

Star Trek
Several cast members had appeared or would appear in various episodes of Star Trek. Jeffrey Hunter, Jon Lormer and Robert Phillips appeared in the pilot episode, "The Cage". Lormer also appeared in both "The Return of the Archons", and "For the World is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky", France Nuyen appeared in "Elaan of Troyius" and Maggie Thrett appeared in "Mudd's Women". Robert Ito starred in "Coming of Age", an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Home video
The film was released on DVD, September 26, 2017 by Kino Video in a widescreen edition

See also
List of American films of 1966

References

Sources

External links
Dimension 5 at the Internet Movie Data Base
Dimension 5 at TCM.com
Dimension 5 at Classic Sci-Fi Movies

Films about time travel
American science fiction thriller films
American spy thriller films
1960s science fiction films
1960s spy films
United Pictures Corporation
Films scored by Paul Dunlap
Parody films based on James Bond films
1960s English-language films
Films directed by Franklin Adreon
1960s American films

Dimension 5 (film)


The Thanhouser Company (formerly the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser. It operated until 1920. It produced over 1,000 films, but several dozen of the films were of small filler subjects, educational or documentaries. Many of these smaller subjects were listed as a quarter or half a reel in length and received very little critical review or analysis by film critics and the media.

Quarter-reel comedies

The Old Shoe Came Back
The first quarter-reel comedy, of about 250 feet, was The Old Shoe Came Back. It was released on April 15, 1910. The film was appended to A 29-Cent Robbery and was first split reel released by the company. There is almost no information surrounding the short filler comedy. Film historian Q. David Bowers credits Thanhouser cameraman, Blair Smith, for the photography, but could not find any information about the film in contemporary trade journals. The film was advertised in numerous states, including theaters in Indiana, Kansas, and New York,

Sand Man's Cure
The second release was another short filler comedy, Sand Man's Cure is equally obscure. It was released on April 22, 1910, with Her Battle for Existence. Bowers did not find any information about the film in contemporary trade journals. A Thanhouser Filmography Analysis, provided by Thanhouser Company Film Preservation, lists it as comprising one quarter of a reel - approximately 250 feet. The reasoning is not provided, but the previous release and the next to follow were split reels of similar lengths. The film is not known to have appeared in any reviews or theater advertisements.

The Cigars His Wife Bought
The last of the three consecutive split-reel releases from Thanhouser was The Cigars His Wife Bought. Released on April 29, 1910, the official synopsis of the film was given in advertisements as: "The cigars his wife bought were bad - awful bad. What would you expect? A woman cannot buy cigars. How a suffering hubby tried to get rid of the cigars his better half bought him, and the mess his efforts got him into, is the story the picture tells." A review of the subject states that the scenario begins with a wife who purchases some bargain-priced cigars for her husband. The husband and those who he gives them to are also nearly sick from the poor cigars. The well-intentioned wife believes he must like them and orders several boxes for him. Little else is known about the production, but its photography was praised and Gloria Gallop is credited in the role of the wife. A Thanhouser Filmography Analysis, provided by Thanhouser Company Film Preservation, lists it as comprising one quarter of a reel - approximately 250 feet. Advertisements show the film paired with She Wanted to Marry a Hero in Texas and Kansas. Nearly a year after its release, the film was advertised without its other half in one Kearney, Nebraska, theater.

A Husband's Jealous Wife
The next quarter-reel comedy was A Husband's Jealous Wife and it was split with The Convict. Released on September 23, 1910, the film is also known by the alternative title, The Hero's Jealous Wife. The synopsis of the film was published in The Moving Picture World and it states, "John Boden, a young businessman, has a very jealous wife. If he pays the slightest attention to any other woman it arouses her anger. Boden, while not at all gay, is gallant, and finds that his life is rapidly becoming a burden. He is particularly upset when his wife discharges his British stenographer and hires a woman who is principally remarkable for her homeliness. On several occasions, Boden proves that he is of the stuff of which heroes are made, but each time his jealous wife spoils things for him. Much to his surprise he discovers that the homely Susie is his friend, and believes that he is ill-treated. Finally Boden decides that life at home is impossible, and he elopes with Susie, much to the horror and surprise of Mrs. Boden, who had regarded Susie as her natural ally." The film received some praise by the reviewers of The Moving Picture News and The Moving Picture World based on the overbearing wife's jealousy which drives her husband into eloping with the homeliest girl she could find.  The film likely had a wide national release, known advertising theatres include Indiana, and Kansas. The film was also shown in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Documentaries

Austin Flood
There was 250 million gallons of water. Water from a dam that, according to its builder, could not fail. But it did. So much water was released when the dam failed on Sept. 30, 1911 that it destroyed the town of Austin, Pennsylvania, population 2,000, and took the lives of at least 78 people. Release date October 6, 1911.

Following news of the dam's failure on September 30, 1911, a Thanhouser film crew rushed to Austin where 2,000 feet of film was exposed. An edited 750 feet was shown at Thanhouser's New Rochelle headquarters on Monday, October 2, 1911, and released to the Motion Picture Distributing and Sales Company on October 6. The extant footage survives at the Library of Congress and is scheduled for release on DVD and online streaming in October 2020.

To capitalize on the event, Thanhouser Company advertised this release in the October 7 issue of The Moving Picture News and the October 14 issue of The Moving Picture World as First on the Spot coverage of the Calamity The Motion Picture News headlined a review of the footage as a Scoop for Thanhouser – Special Austin Flood Pictures.

Roosevelt's Return
Shot on June 18, 1910, Roosevelt's Return was a production that may not have ever been released by the Thanhouser Company. There are two known announcements for this film, both on June 18. The first is in The Moving Picture World that the film would soon be released as a special release. The New York Clipper announced that the staff had prepared to capture former president Theodore Roosevelt's return to America. The film was shot in the New York harbor. A brief listing of a film bearing this name, listed at 350 feet in length, was featured in The Moving Picture World on October 22, 1910. Both Pathé and Vitagraph released films under this same title. Vitagraph's film was reportedly 415 feet long, and Pathé's film was about 200 feet in length.

Alaska's Adieu to Winter
Alaska's Adieu to Winter is a documentary that was labeled, perhaps erroneously, with the Thanhouser label. A record of this film exists in The Bioscope which states: "A realistic film, depicting the breaking up of the ice [on] the Tanana River. The heat of the sun breaks up the ice, the huge boulders collapse, and a wooden bridge is carried along, the massive beams being hurled down the stream and carried down to the sea." The 300-foot-long film was released in Britain on October 20, 1910. It was very unlikely to have been filmed by the Thanhouser company and no record of the film has been found in the United States. The identity of the bridge or the time period in which the film was captured is also unknown at this time.

Parade of the Volunteer Firemen of Westchester County and Vicinity
Parade of the Volunteer Firemen of Westchester County and Vicinity is a documentary film produced by the Thanhouser Company. Filmed on October 6, 1910, during a parade of volunteer firemen in New Rochelle, New York. The parade included horses, fire equipment and the firemen from the surrounding area. According to The New Rochelle Pioneer the Relief Engine Company arranged to have the film shown on October 27 and October 28, 1910, at Germania Hall in New Rochelle. According to the newspaper, in a later edition, the cost of the parade was $6,438.16 or .

The Life of a Fireman
The Life of a Fireman was shown at Germania Hall on October 27 and 28, 1910, along with Parade of the Volunteer Firemen of Westchester County and Vicinity. The film is likely a documentary and likely shows the New Rochelle fire department, but little is known about the actual film's content. It is not stated explicitly if the film was produced by the Thanhouser Company, but another film with the same title was produced around 1905.

Educational films
Between 1913 and 1916, Thanhouser produced fifteen uniquely titled films with an educational focus, all of them except Jungle Life in South America were released as part of the Thanhouser brand. Six of the fifteen films depict Yellowstone Park. An American in the Making and The Spirit of Audubon are two drama productions that contained a significant educational element and both are listed as educational films in the Thanhouser database despite their dramatic elements.

An American in the Making

Lizards of the Desert
Lizards of the Desert is a short, 384-foot-long subject of unknown origin. It was released on October 9, 1914, as part of a split reel with The Benevolence of Conductor 786 at the beginning. A reviewer of The Moving Picture World said the film showed, "Excellent views of the collared lizard, the horned toad, which is really a lizard also, and the Gila monster, the only poisonous lizard known."

Nature's Celebrities
Nature's Celebrities is a short subject of unknown length and origin that focuses on the African chameleon and the Indian cobra. It was released on November 22, 1914, as part of a split reel with A Messenger of Gladness at the beginning. Q. David Bowers writes, "This film may have been related to the efforts of Dr. Raymond Ditmars, of the nearby New York Zoological Gardens (Bronx Zoo), who was the subject of many trade paper articles for his pioneering films of snakes, lizards, turtles, and other herpetological subjects."

Yellowstone Park - Scenic films
In November 1914, it was announced that Thanhouser would be releasing a series of six one-reel scenic films of Yellowstone Park. Footage for these six reels was shot by Thanhouser cameraman, Carl Louis Gregory, and it was shot in the national park in August and September 1914. An announcement in January 1915 said that the films would be introduced by Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior Department, and that it would be part of a series of film titled "Our Own Country". Q. David Bowers sought for information on the release, but could not find that such a release ever materialized. The film work was claimed to be the first film shot on location and it was intended for educational rather than entertainment uses. Though Universal's Joker Comedies brand would also apparently include a scenic film titled "Views of Yellowstone Park", approximately 500 feet in length, released in December 1914. As part of the Universal brand, the scenic productions were likely obtained by a crew under the Universal banner. Q. David Bowers did not find any information on a conclusive release, but evidence suggests the films did in fact see some release. A January 8, 1915, advertisement called for children to see Yellowstone Park, a work deemed to be thirty minutes long, roughly three reels in length. In February 1915, another article suggesting the release occurred.

The Spirit of the Audubon

Big Gun Making
Big Gun Making is a 430-foot-long educational documentary made from footage taken by Lawrence Williams under the direction of George Foster Platt at the United States Arsenal at Watervliet, New York. The film was released in Britain on January 6, 1916, and featured footage taken during the production of A Maker of Guns.

Jungle Life in South America
Jungle Life in South America is a short subject that was added to the end of Falstaff's Maud Muller Modernized. The Falstaff brand was part of Thanhouser and focused exclusively on producing comedies, but this scenic addition is of unknown origin or length. It was released in the United States on March 2, 1916. The title claims to be of the jungles of South America and a reviewer of The Moving Picture World''' described its content as, "Excellent glimpses of the deadly reptiles and smaller animals of South America."

Wild Birds at Home Wild Birds at Home is a short, 330-foot-long subject featuring former United States President Theodore Roosevelt amongst birds. The cameraman for this production was Herbert K. Job, not a regular Thanhouser cameraman. The film was released on May 29, 1916, in Britain and possibly never released in the United States. The Bioscope reviewer stated the content of the film included: "Interesting studies of the pelican, white ibis, gallinule, etc. and sea birds at Bird Key."

 Ex-president Roosevelt's Feathered Pets Ex-president Roosevelt's Feathered Pets is a short, 350-foot-long subject featuring former President Theodore Roosevelt amongst birds. The cameraman for this production was Herbert K. Job, not a regular Thanhouser cameraman. The film was released on June 12, 1916, in Britain and possibly never released in the United States. The Bioscope reviewer summed up the film briefly, "Ex-President Roosevelt amongst the birds of Louisiana sea islands. Night hawks, purple martins, wild waterfowl, fledgling gulls, etc. A film of good interest and variable quality."

Herons and Egrets Herons and Egrets is a short, 450-foot-long subject featuring the titular birds. The cameraman for this production was Herbert K. Job, not a regular Thanhouser cameraman. The film was released on June 19, 1916, in Britain and possibly never released in the United States.

 Unreleased or announced works
The one early production of the Thanhouser Company was Aunt Nancy Telegraphs''. It was shot in December 1909 and never released. Lloyd F. Lonergan said it was the first scenario he wrote for the Thanhouser Company.

References

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Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company


There are over 56 genera of flowering plants estimated to contain at least 500 described species. The largest of these is currently the legume genus Astragalus (milk-vetches), with over 3,000 species.

The sizes of plant genera vary widely from those containing a single species to genera containing thousands of species, and this disparity became clear early in the history of plant classification. The largest genus in Carl Linnaeus' seminal Species Plantarum was Euphorbia, with 56 species; Linnaeus believed that no genus should contain more than 100 species.

Part of the disparity in genus sizes is attributable to historical factors. According to a hypothesis published by Max Walters in 1961, the size of plant genera is related to the age, not of the taxon itself, but of the concept of the taxon in the minds of taxonomists. Plants which grew in Europe, where most of the early taxonomy was based, were therefore divided into relatively small genera, while those from the tropics were grouped into much larger and more heterogeneous genera. Likewise, plants which shared common medicinal properties, such as the many species of Euphorbia, were united into a single genus, while plants of diverse uses, such as the grasses, were split into many genera. Where there were many classical names for groups of plants, such as in Apiaceae / Umbelliferae or Brassicaceae / Cruciferae, small genera were defined, whereas groups not subdivided by classical authors remained as larger genera, such as Carex. A number of biological factors also influence the number of species. For instance, the occurrence of apomixis allows the recognition of large numbers of agamospecies, and such taxa have helped to bolster genera such as Ranunculus and Potentilla.

The introduction of infrageneric taxa (such as the subgenus, section and series) in the 19th century by botanists including Augustin Pyrame de Candolle allowed the retention of large genera that would otherwise have become unwieldy. E. J. H. Corner believed that studying large genera might enable greater insights into evolutionary biology, and he concentrated his efforts on large tropical genera such as Ficus.

Largest genera
According to a 2004 analysis by the botanical taxonomist David G. Frodin, a total of 57 genera of flowering plants contain at least 500 species. It is clear that there are other genera with over 500 species, as the work of taxonomists continues. Currently the number of species included in many genera is very different (e.g. see Psychotria), so their ranking is subject to changes. The actual numbers of species are imprecisely known also because of different approaches of taxonomists, and many of the genera have not been the subject of recent monographs. For instance, estimates of the number of species in the orchid genus Pleurothallis range from 1,120 to 2,500. Genera from some other groups of vascular plants (like pteridophytes), which have similarly large numbers of species, include Selaginella, Asplenium and Cyathea.

References

.Largest Flowering Plant Genera
Largest Genera Of Flowering Plants
Largest genera of flowering plants

List of the largest genera of flowering plants