Abigail is a Venezuelan telenovela that was produced by and seen on Venezuela's Radio Caracas Televisión between 1988 and 1989.  It was written by Elizabeth Alezard, Alberto Gómez, Mariana Luján, Amparo Montalva, and María Helena Portas and directed by Tito Rojas.  This telenovela lasted 257 episodes and was distributed internationally by RCTV International. Starring Catherine Fulop and Fernando Carrillo. The antagonist is Hilda Abrahamz.

Synopsis
It tells the story of the capricious Abigail Guzmán (Catherine Fulop) the only daughter of a wealthy businessman, beautiful and troubled, who falls in love with Professor Carlos Alfredo Ruiz Aponte (Fernando Carrillo) who teaches her literature classes at the San Lázaro school. Abigail manages to conquer professor Carlos Alfredo and they immediately have a son, whom she gives to an unknown taxi driver in a moment of mental delirium. Abigail will fight for many years to get her son back and to regain the love of Carlos Alfredo, whom she blames for the loss of her child. His son, Cheíto, will reappear years later one day when, out of necessity, he breaks into Abigaíl's mansion. Abigail will also have to deal with the twin sisters, María Clara (Hilda Abrahamz) and María Begoña (Hilda Abrahamz) who try to take away her love. The story will be an odyssey of a love that will overcome a wrong marriage, a crisis of madness, a son, some strange parents, until the happy union of Abigail and Carlos Alfredo.

Cast
 Catherine Fulop as Abigail Guzmán de Ruiz
 Fernando Carrillo as Prof. Carlos Alfredo Ruiz Aponte
 Hilda Abrahamz as María Clara Martínez/María Begoña Martínez
 Roberto Moll as Álvaro dos Santos Ortiz
 Astrid Carolina Herrera as Amanda Riquelme
 Adolfo Cubas as Leonel Santana
 Inés María Calero as Bárbara Urdaneta
 Crisol Carabal as Rosario "Charito" Santana
 Ileana Jacket as Estrella Monsalve
 Karl Hoffman as Daniel Morales
 Gledys Ibarra as Pastora
 América Barrios as Madre Teresa
 Rosita Vásquez as Berta Aponte Vda. de Ruiz
 Guillermo Ferrán as Guillermo Guzmán
 Carmen Alicia Mora as Ana Leónidas Guzmán
 Omaira Coromoto Rivero as Susana Pérez
 Sandra Juhasz as Matilde Izaguirre
 Estrella Castellanos as Rita Monsalve
 Zulay García as Lucía Martínez
 Virginia Urdaneta as Carlota Martínez
 Manuel Carrillo as Carlos Alfredo "Cheíto" Martínez/Carlos Alfredo "Cheíto" Ruiz Guzmán
 Hylene Rodríguez as Mariana Ruiz Guzmán
 Dalila Colombo as Rosalba Maldonado
 Romelia Agüero as Blanca Cabrera
 Marisela Buitrago as Viviana López
 Helianta Cruz as Mónica Salvatierra
 Antonio Machuca as Jean Louis René Goduón
 Aidita Artigas as Balbina López
 Gabriela Gerbes as Silvia Oropeza
 Rita De Gois as Prof. Ninoska Sepúlveda
 Domingo del Castillo as Joaquín Martínez
 Manuel Gassol as Prof. José Rafael Pereira
 Alejandro Delgado as Dr. Freddy Avellaneda
 Laura Brey as Sonia "La Malvaloca" Ibarra
 Ricardo García as Marcos "El Látigo" Rodríguez
 Marcial Coronado as Joao
 Elio Pietrini as Rubén
 Katherina Sperka as Tatiana
 Vicky Franco as Leandra
 Dolores Beltrán as Javiera
 Zuleima González as Pamela
 Alexander Montilla as Fernando
 Lolymar Sánchez as Zulayta
 Ileana Alomá as Elizabeth
 Bonnie Morín as Julia
 Carmen Landaeta as Ruperta
 Roberto Luque as León Felipe
 Vanessa as Sandra
 Ignacio Navarro as Gaitán
 Lourdes Medrano as Maruca
 Evelyn Berroterán as Chela
 Dante Carlé as Father Agustín
 Felipe Mundarain as Commissar Bressanutti
 Nelson Segre as Insp. Camacho
 Leonardo Oliva as Prof. Oropeza
 María del Pilar as Dir. Arismendi
 Iraima Díaz as Lolita

Theme song
The theme songs to Abigail were:

1. De carne y hueso - Pedro Pardo.

2. Selva - Elisa Rego (author: Jose Ignasio Martin).

3. Blanco y Negro Elisa Rego (author: Jose Ignasio Martin).

4. Ya no hay más que hablar María Jimena Pereira (author: Carlos Nilsson, Argentina Broadcast Telefe)

References

External links

1988 telenovelas
1988 Venezuelan television series debuts
1989 Venezuelan television series endings
RCTV telenovelas
Spanish-language telenovelas
Television shows set in Venezuela

Abigail (TV series)


Chironomus zealandicus, commonly known as the New Zealand midge, common midge, or non-biting midge, is an insect of the Chironomidae family that is endemic to New Zealand. The worm-like larvae are known to fisherman and have a common name of blood worm due to their red color and elongated blood gills.

Description

Chironomus zealandicus is a member of the Diptera order (flies with a single pair of wings) and the Chironomidae family (non-biting midges). Species in the genus Chironomus are often confused with mosquitoes, as they look very similar, but taxonomically they are more closely related to New Zealand sandflies than to mosquitoes.

The males of this species have feathery antenna, and the females do not. The feathered antennas allow the insect to be able to walk in the water. The colouration of the species is black or dark segmented parts on the body (abdomen) with green or yellow striping. Chironomus has three types of teeth in its mandible, one single strong apical tooth, three inner subapical teeth, and a single outer apicodorsal tooth. The mentum of Chironomus also has 15 darker pigmented teeth on outer sides and either sides of the teeth. The adult is approximately 5mm in length. The larvae form is blood red and has elongated blood gills on its penultimate abdominal segments.

Distribution and habitat
Chironomus zealandicus is endemic to New Zealand. It was first reported by Hudson in 1892 and was later described taxonomically by Frederick Hutton in 1902 and Kieffer in 1921 with the name Chironomus novae zealandiae. In New Zealand, this species is mostly found in freshwater and lake areas in North Island and South Island, such as in Lake Ngaroto in Hamilton, Lake Rotoroa, Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora in Canterbury, and other South Island lakes and freshwater areas.

C. zealandicus can be found in swarms in lakes, rivers, and swamps, where they typically breed in slow stagnant water. They are especially found in great numbers in areas which are man-made. The species often lives in areas that suffer from pollution; although, as a result of its make up it can withstand these conditions unlike other midge species such as a green midge larvae related to it. The myoglobin contained in the species (made up of an iron and oxygen-binding protein) helps them survive in habitats they are abundant in such as stagnant, low oxygen water. In New Zealand, the species is common in the lower reaches of the West Coast glaciers, geothermal waters and seashores.

Life cycle
The New Zealand midge has 4 stages in its life cycle. This ranges from egg, larva, pupa and adult. The midge often breeds in swarms in areas of lakes and stagnant water which suits pupae and larvae to breed. Eggs are often laid in numbers up to 3000 and are contained in a gelatinous substance which helps it to attach to objects in the water such as sticks or to river or lake banks. The eggs which are not attached to any material sink to the bottom but this does not stop the eggs ability to hatch on the lake bed. The first stage (the egg) lasts between 2 and 7 days in which it hatches and then feeds on the gelatinous material for a couple of days. It then burrows into the substrate or the material available for it to make its home. Most of the larval stage is spent in a tube constructed from silt. During this stage, they take on a red colour which is where the name blood worm arises from. They spend 2–7 weeks in this form which can be faster or slower due to current water temperatures caused by season weather. After they reach the end of this cycle they pupate. The pupae creates burrows in the sediment layer, where as a pupa its lives in constructed tubes. The pupa stage lasts for up to 3 days where they emerge to the surface by actively swimming and stay on the surface for several hours until the adult form emerges. The adult stage lasts a maximum of 5 days in which they breed in swarms at night and then die. In the right conditions with regards to water temperature and season, the full life cycle can be completed within two weeks.

Diet and foraging
The adult stage does not eat and this contributes to its short life; it is known as a non-biter unlike some related species. During undulations which are created by using 2-elongated blood gills filters oxygen and nutrients past them in the water layer. In New Zealand there are a wide range of strategies the midge uses as the fauna are so diverse. With this diversity in food selection it is able to get sources of nutrients from algae, microorganisms, invertebrates, macrophytes, and woody debris.

Predators, parasites, and diseases
The midge from the larva, pupa and adult form is predated on by river fish and other aquatic vertebrates such as indigenous minnows. Examples of this are small trout which will come up and feed on the swarms above and on the surface of the water on warm nights. Other invertebrates such as arthropods are known to prey on midges, this is usually through chance due to swarms landing or getting caught in webs. Chironomus suffer deforming in the head capsules. A study by Jeyasingham and Ling has shown that the incidence of deformity increased during summer in larvae, the cause to this incidence is season, genetic factors and sediment chemistry which may have caused problems to the deformity of the Chironomus capsule heads.

References

Chironomidae
Diptera of New Zealand
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Insects described in 1892
Taxa named by George Hudson
Endemic insects of New Zealand

Chironomus zealandicus


Marta Lambertini (13 November 1937 – 25 March 2019) was an Argentine composer.

She was born in San Isidro, Buenos Aires, and studied at the Universidad Catolica Argentina with Roberto Caamano, Luis Gianneo and Gerardo Gandini, graduating in 1972. She continued her studies in electroacoustic music in Buenos Aires, at the Centro de Investigationes de la Ciudad with Francisco Kröpfl, Gerardo Gandini, José Maranzano and Gabriel Brncic.

After completing her studies, Lambertini taught music at the National School of Music and the National University of La Plata, before taking a position as dean of the Faculty of Music Arts and Sciences of the Catholic University of Argentina.

She received several prizes, including the 1st Prize in the National Music Award, the City of Buenos Aires Music Prize, Career Prize APA in 1972 and 1975, and the Konex Award (1999). She served as a jury member in international composition competitions in Brazil and Argentina. She is the author of the book "Gerardo Gandini, music fiction". She was nominated for Opera Theatres of the World for her opera "Cinderella", and for the Clarín Award as the most important figure in classical music in Argentina. Her output includes diverse instrumental and vocal genres. Her operas "Alice in Wonderland" (1989), "S.M.R. Bach" (1990), "Hildegard" (2002), "Cinderella" (2006) and multiple symphonic and chamber works are worth mentioning.

Works
Selected works include:
Quasares for string quartet, 1971
Alice in Wonderland, opera
¡Oh, Eternidad! Ossia SMRBach, opera
Galileo descubre las cuatro lunas de Jupiter, for orchestra, 1984
Última filmación de los anillos de Saturno, for four clarinets, 1991
¡Cenicientaaa..! (Cinderella)
Alice in Wonderland, opera, 1989
Alice Through the Looking-Glass, opera, (2015)

References

1937 births
2019 deaths
20th-century Argentine musicians
20th-century classical composers
20th-century women musicians
21st-century Argentine musicians
21st-century classical composers
21st-century women musicians
Argentine classical composers
Argentine women classical composers
Argentine music educators
Argentine women music educators
People from San Isidro, Buenos Aires
20th-century women composers
21st-century women composers
Argentine women composers
20th-century Argentine women educators
20th-century Argentine educators
21st-century Argentine women educators
21st-century Argentine educators

Marta Lambertini


The black phantom tetra (Hyphessobrycon megalopterus), or simply phantom tetra, is a small freshwater fish of the characin family (Characidae) of order Characiformes. It is native to the upper Paraguay basin and upper Madeira basin (including Guaporé, Mamore and Beni) in Brazil and Bolivia. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade.

Appearance
This fish is of roughly tetragonal shape, light grey in coloring, with a black patch, surrounded by iridescent silver edging, posterior of the gills on each side. The male's fins are black, as is the female's dorsal fin; the female's pelvic, anal, and
adipose fins are reddish in color. A long-finned variety, apparently developed by captive breeders, is sometimes sold in the aquarium trade (the male has elongated dorsal and anal fins even in the wild form). The black phantom tetra reaches a maximum standard length of .

Sex

The male black phantom tetras have longer fins than the females and when in breeding condition, the females become plumper, but the biggest difference is in their color. The males have no red, while the smaller fins of the female both on the top and underneath them are red. The adipose fin, on the top of the body behind the larger dorsal fin, is much more noticeable in the females than the males, because in females it is red while in the males it is grey. The female's dorsal fin has a more intense black than the male's. When the fish are in breeding condition, the colors of both sexes become more distinct, with the male showing its black fins more obviously.

Feeding
The black phantom tetra's natural diet consist of small crustaceans, insects, and worms.

In the aquarium

H. megalopterus is one of the more popular tetras sold in the aquarium trade. While it is not particularly colorful, it makes up for this by its display behavior: the males are territorial and defend their space against their neighbors by presenting themselves in profile with the dorsal and anal fins fully extended, and the dark color intensified, making the edging of the body patch stand out prominently. Sometimes they exchange blows which can tear the fins, but this damage heals quickly. Unlike other tetras who prefer to live in large shoals, they will also do fine when kept in a group of four or five individuals, making them suitable for smaller aquaria. They still need enough space for the males to stake territories and present themselves to best effort, however.

Breeding
The fish should be well conditioned to induce spawning. When possible, live foods are included in the conditioning period. Frozen foods like bloodworms are also used as conditioning food.

The Black phantom tetra is an egg-scattering species. To stimulate breeding, pH is lowered to about 5.5-6, the general hardness of the water is also reduced below four degrees. The breeding tank should have plants, both rooted and floating, and low light.

A female black phantom tetra will produce about 300 eggs. These fish will eat their own eggs and fry, so the parents are usually removed after spawning.

Raising the fry
The fry become free-swimming after five days. They are fed infusoria (protozoa) at first. Commercial fry foods of suitable sizes can be used but at all stages the young fish benefit from live food of the right size.

See also

Community fish
List of freshwater aquarium fish species

References

 https://web.archive.org/web/20130811112753/http://bettatrading.com.au/Black-Phantom-Tetra.php

Fish described in 1915
Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann
Tetras
Hyphessobrycon
Freshwater fish of Brazil
Fish of Bolivia

Black phantom tetra


The eastern amberwing (Perithemis tenera) is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is very small, reaching a total length of no more than . The males have orange or amber wings. Both sexes have a red pterostigma.

The eastern amberwing dragonfly is one of the only types of dragonfly that actively mimics a wasp. The yellow and brown stripes on its abdomen encourage predators to stay away. When perched, they will wiggle their abdomen and wings in a wasp-like fashion to deter other animals from eating it. Males have an elaborate courtship ritual. When a female approaches his territory, the male will lead her to his selected egg-laying site and hover above it with wings whirring and abdomen raised.

The common name refers to its eastern range, although this dragonfly does extend westward well into the central part of the United States. The scientific name, tenera, means delicate and alludes to its small size.

Gallery

References

External links

 Perithemis tenera on BugGuide.Net

Libellulidae
Odonata of North America
Insects of Canada
Insects of the United States
Fauna of the Eastern United States
Insects described in 1840

Eastern amberwing


Gymnobela illicita is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

Description
The length of the shell attains 3.5 mm, its diamerter 1.2 mm.

(Original description) The minute, white shell has brown sinusigera protoconch consisting of 2½ whorls, followed by four subsequent whorls. The spire is acute, the suture appressed, somewhat constricted. The anal fasciole is rather wide, crossed by retractively concave wrinkles. The axial sculpture consists of about 10 prominent ribs, wider and slightly angulate at the periphery, varying in number in different specimens, up to 12, and extending nearly across the whorls, but obsolete on the base and on the anal fasciole. The spiral sculpture consists of two or three prominent threads near the periphery, overriding the ribs and half a dozen smaller ones on the base. The base is moderately convex. The aperture is subovate. The outer lip is thin and protractively arcuate. The columella is obliquely truncate in front. The siphonal canal is rather wide and slightly recurved.

Distribution
This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Georgia - Florida, USA

References

External links

illicita
Taxa named by William Healey Dall
Gastropods described in 1927

Gymnobela illicita


Montipora aequituberculata is a species of stony coral in the family Acroporidae. It is a common coral in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific region.

Distribution and habitat

Montipora aequituberculata is native to the Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, through the Indian Ocean to Japan, the East China Sea, Australia and the west and central Pacific. It is found on the upper parts of reef slopes where it may be the most predominant species.

Biology
Montipora aequituberculata is a zooxanthellate species of coral. It obtains most of its nutritional needs from the symbiotic dinoflagellates that live inside its soft tissues. These photosynthetic organisms provide the coral with organic carbon and nitrogen, sometimes providing up to 90% of their host's energy needs for metabolism and growth. Its remaining needs are met by the planktonic organisms caught by the tentacles of the polyps.

Status
Like other reef corals, Montipora aequituberculata is threatened by habitat destruction. Rising sea temperatures can cause "bleaching" because the symbiotic zooxanthellae are expelled from the coral's tissues, leaving the coral colorless. The bleaching event results in very high coral mortality soon after. Stressed corals are more susceptible to disease. Other threats are posed by El Nino events, ocean acidification which tends to dissolve the coral skeleton, trawling and other fishing activities, pollution and sedimentation. This is a common species in shallow reef environments and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".

References

Acroporidae
Cnidarians of the Pacific Ocean
Cnidarians of the Indian Ocean
Fauna of the Red Sea
Marine fauna of Asia
Marine fauna of Oceania
Corals described in 1897

Montipora aequituberculata


Andile Yenana is a South African pianist. He made an indelible mark by switching from teaching to studying jazz. He has produced and worked  with many South African as well as international artists.

Early years
Born in 1968 in King William's Town, Andile's love for music was triggered at an early age. He grew up in a household where music was really loved. His father, Felix Thamsanqa Yenana, had a huge collection of music, ranging from jazz to Motown, and other forms of urban black music and this had a huge influence in Andile's life. Andile took up music studies under Darius Brubeck at the University of Natal's School of Jazz and Popular Music It was here that he became friends with saxophonist Zim Ngqawana and trumpeter Feya Faku.

He joined Zim Ngqawana quartet and worked with Zim Ngqawana on all 5 of his albums, including San Song recorded with Bjorn Ole Solburg and his Norwegian San Ensemble. He has also worked on the pan-African music project Mahube with saxophonist Steve Dyer and others. He has also worked as arranger for Sibongile Khumalo, Gloria Bosman and Suthukazi Arosi. In 2005 he was selected as the 2005 Standard Bank Young Artist for Jazz.

Discography
We Used To Dance (2002)
Who's Got The Map? (2005)
One Night At The Market Theatre (with the Azania Dreaming Big Band, 2021)

Notes

1968 births
Living people
South African pianists
South African jazz musicians
People from Qonce
Musicians from the Eastern Cape
21st-century pianists

Andile Yenana


Pleasant Dreams is the sixth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on July 20, 1981, through Sire Records. While the band members wanted Steve Lillywhite to produce, Sire chose Graham Gouldman in an attempt to gain popularity through a well-known producer. The recording process brought about many conflicts between band members, most notably the strife between Joey Ramone and Johnny Ramone, due to Johnny starting a relationship with Joey's girlfriend. There were also disputes about the overall direction of the album, with Johnny leaning towards hard rock and Joey towards pop punk. Ultimately, the album incorporated high production values and varying musical styles, straying from traditional punk rock on songs such as "We Want the Airwaves", "She's a Sensation" and "Come On Now". It is the first Ramones album not to feature any cover songs.

Despite Sire's efforts to broaden the band's appeal by enlisting Gouldman to produce, the album was not commercially successful, peaking at #58 on the Billboard 200 and only charting outside of the US in Sweden. The album also met with mixed critical reception.

Conception
The writing process for Pleasant Dreams began in January 1981. With Sire Records management being insistent on allowing a celebrity record producer to work on the album, they hired Graham Gouldman—songwriter and musician for the British band 10cc—to produce the album. Prior to working with Gouldman, the Ramones had recorded demos for the album with audio engineer Ed Stasium, and while the band had intended for Steve Lillywhite to produce the album, this decision was rejected by Sire. The studio recording process began on March 30, 1981, and initiated several conflicts between band members. This tension was partially due to Dee Dee Ramone's drug addiction, as well as Marky Ramone and Joey Ramone developing problems with alcohol, resulting in the frustration of Johnny Ramone. These conflicts and differences became evident in the songwriting as, for the first time on a Ramones album, each song was now credited to individual members rather than multiple members.

The time period of recording was a high-point in musical style for both Joey and Johnny, though they directed their sound towards different styles of music: Joey's inspiration from pop music became evident in his writing, while Johnny's keenness of hard-rock guitar riffs are apparent in much of his performing on the album. Johnny thought that this did not result well for the band's sound, saying: "I knew going in that this was not going to be the type of album I wanted. It really could have used another two of three punk songs ... All I  want to do is keep our fans happy and not sell out. I'm fighting within the band. They are trying to go lighter, looking for ways to be more commercial. I'm against the band for doing that." Joey countered by explaining: "By Road to Ruin [and] End of the Century, I was doing the majority of the songwriting. I started feeling that the Ramones were faceless; there were no individual identities in the band." Joey went on to say that, while this method had worked well in the beginning of their career, it began to annoy him, since "everything [he] wrote, the band would take credit for."

Even though he expressed dissatisfaction with the album, working with Graham Gouldman, Johnny admitted, "was easy—he was always a gentleman. He changed a lot of the songs: "Here's a nice chord for the bridge, you should be playing a minor chord instead of a major chord," things like that." Gouldman also had ideas for vocal harmonies, guitar overdubs, and melodic basslines. If he suggested a guitar part, it had to sound like it came from Johnny, "or he wouldn't play it," Gouldman said. Gouldman also revealed that there were certain tracks he actually played guitar on. "I'd show [Johnny] and he'd say, "You play it," but I had to play very restrictive, nothing fancy at all." He went on to say that there wasn't much work to do with the songs. "We changed arrangements slightly, but it was basic stuff, like, "Let's put an end on this song rather than fade it, let's double up on the chorus at the end." Dee Dee recalled that "Graham really produced. He put something into the album, some harmony ideas."

During early stages of the album's development, Joey was dating Linda Daniele. After the album was released, however, Daniele left Joey and became Johnny's girlfriend. Ramones' road manager Monte Melnick relates: "Joey was devastated. It affected him deeply. Johnny knew it was bad and kept Linda totally hidden from that point on. She didn't come to many shows and if she did he'd hide her in the back; she wouldn't come backstage. He'd run out to meet her and leave as soon as they were done." While Johnny would eventually marry Linda, Joey held a strong grudge against them both, and, though they continued to perform and tour together, the two rarely talked to each other. Joey explained that Johnny had "crossed the line" once he started dating Daniele, and noted that "he destroyed the relationship and the band right there". Johnny defended himself by stating that had Daniele not left Joey for him, "he wouldn't have even been talking about her and saying how much he loved her because he wouldn't have been obsessed about it."

Composition and lyrics
The album opens with "We Want the Airwaves", which has instrumentation that strays from traditional punk rock and more towards hard rock. Music journalist Chuck Eddy described the song as "a sort of Black Sabbath punk rock".  Record World described "We Want the Airwaves" as a "brash rocker" that "[avoids] any subtlety." Though it was long rumored that the album's third track, "The KKK Took My Baby Away", was written about Johnny stealing Joey's girlfriend, the song was reportedly written some time before Joey had found out about this. Joey's brother Mickey Leigh relates: "The fluky connection between Johnny and the KKK raised a specter that keeps friends and fans speculating to this day. At the time, though, it had to be an unusual situation for him being that, as often happens with song lyrics, his words now took on a whole new meaning." The following track, "Don't Go", was described in Musician, Player, and Listener as "Spector-ish", likening the song's production values to those of music producer Phil Spector, the infamous producer of the band's previous record, End of the Century. According to the magazine, the lyrics detail "an archivist's sense of young love by the book and how innocent rock 'n' roll is supposed to sound." Everett True, author of Hey Ho Let's Go: The Story of the Ramones (2005), explains that the album's fifth track, Dee Dee's "You Sound Like You're Sick", "returns to the bassist's traditional institutionalised theme." Side A ends with "It's Not My Place (In the 9 to 5 World)", which was described by music critic David Fricke as "driven home" by drummer Marky's "feisty, Bo Diddley-style" drum beat, noting that it borrows the middle eight (of thirty-two-bar form) from the Who song "Whiskey Man".

Side B of the album begins with "She's a Sensation", which was said by author Dave Thompson to have a 1960s melody which "melts through the hard rock". The next song, "7-11", deals with dating at a young age, where the couple goes on dates to places like convenience stores and record swaps. The lyrics follow a boy who meets a girl by a Space Invaders arcade machine, who eventually has to let her go after she dies in a car crash. True relates: "You can lose your heart within the singer's torched '7-11'. Joey details in time-honoured girl group fashion the beauty of young love that takes place among the most mundane, humdrum of surroundings." "You Didn't Mean Anything to Me", written by Dee Dee, reflects the desolation and vacillation that the bassist was feeling in his personal life, as well as within the band. This is evident through lines like "Every dinner was crummy/Even the ones for free." The pop-oriented song "Come On Now" was described by True as a "sparkling rush of blood to the head from the 'comic book boy'," with True adding that it was comparable to songs by The Dave Clark Five and 1910 Fruitgum Company. The eleventh track on the album, "This Business Is Killing Me", was written by Joey about how everyone expects him to please others but how he simply cannot please everyone all the time. Pleasant Dreams concludes with "Sitting in My Room", which David Fricke quoted in the conclusion of his review of the album, saying: "'It's us against them,' sneers Joey ... 'They just wanna worry ... /They just wanna be so lame/Maybe they should try and sniff some glue.' Or put Pleasant Dreams on the box and crank it up to ten."

Reception

Released on July 20, 1981, the album was not commercially successful, failing to spawn a single hit. Though Sire Records had merged with Warner Bros. Records, none of the singles from Pleasant Dreams  were released in the US. Sire had insisted that the album be produced by a celebrity producer, hiring Graham Gouldman to the job expecting this to help expand the band's fan base. Joey relates: "The record company told us the album would bomb if we didn't use Graham Gouldman, so we worked with Graham--and the album bombed anyway." The album would only chart in the US and Sweden, peaking at 58 on the Billboard 200 and 35 on the Sverigetopplistan chart, with the singles released from the album failing to chart.

Pleasant Dreams received mixed reviews from critics, with many pointing out that the high quality sound production made the band stray from their roots even more so than the change in style. Stephen Thomas Erlewine, senior editor for AllMusic, noted that Gouldman steers the band's style away from "bubblegum, British invasion, and surf fetishes" and toward "acid rock and heavy metal". He went on to say that the sound quality was "too clean to qualify as punk" and that the music on the album had "lost sight of the infectious qualities that made their earlier records such fun". The Spin Alternative Record Guide panned the "halfhearted metal moves."

Music critic Robert Christgau said that the album "comes off corny" compared to the band's first four releases, which he described as "aural rush and conceptual punch". While he felt that the songs featured on the album were better than those on End of the Century, he claimed the album was "less focused" compared to Leave Home, but "fun anyway". David Fricke of Rolling Stone began his review by writing "Pity the poor Ramones", and went on to give it a mixed review. He deemed the album a "comic relief" and noted its contents of "fortified vocal harmonies, an occasional dash of keyboards, a certain production gimmickry."

The New York Times concluded that "the Ramones have made a record that sounds like a New York version of the Beach Boys... The tempos are considerably faster, but so is life in the big city." The Boston Globe praised Gouldman's "intelligent, balanced production, in contrast with Phil Spector's stultifying barrier of sound on the band's last album."

Track listing
Track listing adapted from AllMusic.

Note
Tracks 13–19 are previously unissued.

Pleasant Dreams (New York Mixes) - 2023

Recording information
Tracks 1–14: basic tracks recorded at Mediasound, New York City, March–April 1981. Keyboards, percussion, backing vocals, and most of Joey Ramone's vocals were recorded at 10cc's Strawberry Studios in Stockport and Dorking, England, April 1981.
Track 15: recording information unknown.
Tracks 16–19: recorded at Daily Planet Studios, New York City, January–February 1981. Produced by Ed Stasium.
Four tracks from the Pleasant Dreams recording sessions have subsequently been re-recorded: "All's Quiet on the Eastern Front" on Dee Dee Ramone's 1994 solo album I Hate Freaks Like You; "Come On Now" on Dee Dee Ramone's 2000 solo album Greatest & Latest; "I Can't Get You Out of My Mind" (as "Can't Get You Outta My Mind") on the 1989 Ramones album Brain Drain; "Touring" on the 1992 Ramones album Mondo Bizarro.

Personnel

Ramones
 Joey Ramone – lead vocals and backing vocals
 Johnny Ramone – electric guitar and backing vocals
 Dee Dee Ramone – bass, lead vocals and backing vocals (track 18)
 Marky Ramone – drum and backing vocals

Additional musicians
 Vic Emerson – synthesizers
 Dave Hassell – percussions
 Graham Gouldman – rhythm guitar and backing vocals
 Russell Mael – backing vocals
 Ian Wilson – backing vocals
 Debbie Harry – backing vocals (track 15)
 Kate Pierson – backing vocals (track 15)
 Cindy Wilson – backing vocals (track 15)

Production
 Graham Gouldman – producer
 Lincoln Y. Clapp – engineer (Mediasound)
 Harvey Goldberg – engineer (Mediasound)
 Chris Nagle – engineer (Strawberry North)
 Keith Bessey – engineer, mixing (Strawberry South)
 Harry Spiridakis – assistant engineer (Mediasound)
 Andy Hoffman – assistant engineer (Mediasound)
 John Dixon – assistant engineer (Strawberry North)
 Mark Cockburn – assistant engineer (Strawberry North)
 Steve Cooksey – assistant engineer (Strawberry South)
 Melvyn Abrahams – mastering
 Michael Somoroff – photos
 M & Co. – design
 Guy Juke – uncredited cover art

Charts

Certifications

References

Bibliography

Notes

Ramones albums
1981 albums
Albums produced by Graham Gouldman
Sire Records albums
Albums recorded at Strawberry Studios

Pleasant Dreams


Enola Holmes is a 2020 mystery film starring Millie Bobby Brown as the title character, the teenage sister of the already famous Victorian-era detective Sherlock Holmes. The film is directed by Harry Bradbeer from a screenplay by Jack Thorne that adapts the first novel in The Enola Holmes Mysteries series by Nancy Springer. In the film, Enola travels to London to find her missing mother but ends up on a thrilling adventure, pairing up with a runaway lord as they attempt to solve a mystery that threatens the entire country. In addition to Brown, the film also stars Sam Claflin, Henry Cavill, and Helena Bonham Carter.

Filming began in July 2019. Originally planned for a theatrical release by Warner Bros. Pictures, the distribution rights to the film were picked up by Netflix due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Enola Holmes was released on September 23, 2020. The film received positive reviews from critics, who praised Brown's performance. It became one of the most-watched original Netflix film releases, with an estimated 76 million households watching the film over its first four weeks. A sequel, Enola Holmes 2, was released on Netflix on November 4, 2022.

Plot

Enola Holmes is the youngest sibling in the Holmes family. She is extremely intelligent, observant, and insightful, defying the social norms for women of the time. Her mother Eudoria has taught her everything from chess to jujitsu and encouraged her to be strong-willed and independent.

On her sixteenth birthday, Enola wakes to find that her mother has disappeared, leaving behind only some gifts. A week later, she meets her brothers, Mycroft and Sherlock. Sherlock finds her intelligent, whereas Mycroft finds her troublesome and as her legal guardian, intends to send her away to a finishing school run by Miss Harrison.

The flower cards left by her mother reveal secret messages and lead to hidden money, which Enola uses to escape disguised as a boy. On the train, she finds the young Viscount Tewkesbury hidden in a travel bag. She thinks he is a nincompoop, but warns him that a man in a brown bowler hat (named Linthorn) is on the train searching for him. Linthorn finds and tries to kill Tewkesbury, who escapes with Enola by jumping off the train. Tewkesbury forages for edible plants and fungi, and the two return to London and part ways.

Disguised as a proper Victorian lady, Enola continues to trace Eudoria, leaving cryptic messages in the newspaper personal advertisements. Enola discovers pamphlets and a safehouse containing explosives, and learns that Eudoria is part of a radical group of suffragettes. She is attacked by Linthorn, who interrogates her about Tewkesbury. She fights back, ignites the explosives in the safehouse and escapes.

Enola decides to find Tewkesbury again, to save him from Linthorn. She visits the Tewkesbury estate to learn more, meeting Tewkesbury's grandmother the Dowager. Meanwhile, Mycroft has Inspector Lestrade of Scotland Yard search for Enola.

Enola finds Tewkesbury selling flowers in Covent Garden and warns him of Linthorn. Taking him to her lodgings, she is caught by Lestrade and imprisoned in Miss Harrison's finishing school by Mycroft. Sherlock visits her and admits he is impressed by her detective work. Tewkesbury sneaks into the school, and they escape together, stealing Miss Harrison's motor car. Enola decides they must go to Basilwether Hall and face Tewkesbury's uncle, who she has deduced was trying to kill him.

The estate is seemingly deserted, but Linthorn ambushes them. Enola trips him using jujitsu, causing a fatal head injury. Tewkesbury's grandmother is revealed as Linthorn's contractor. As a staunch traditionalist, she did not want him to take his father's place in the House of Lords and vote for the Reform Bill. She shoots Tewkesbury, but he survives, having hidden a plate of armor under his clothes. Sherlock arrives at Scotland Yard, where Lestrade informs him of Enola's actions as they plan to have the Dowager arrested.

Enola shares a tearful goodbye with Tewkesbury. She eavesdrops on a meeting between Sherlock and Mycroft, where Sherlock suggests becoming her guardian. Upon returning to her lodgings, Enola finds Eudoria waiting there. She explains why she had to leave, and why she must leave again, but she is impressed by what Enola has become. Enola has found her purpose—she is a detective and a finder of lost souls.

Cast

 Millie Bobby Brown as Enola Holmes, the youngest sibling in the famous Holmes family. Enola occasionally breaks the fourth wall to explain things to the viewers.
 Sofia Stavrinou portrays a younger Enola.
 Henry Cavill as Sherlock Holmes, the second-eldest of the Holmes siblings and a renowned private detective
 Sam Claflin as Mycroft Holmes, the eldest of the Holmes siblings; a government employee and Enola's legal guardian.
 Helena Bonham Carter as Eudoria Holmes, the matriarch of the Holmes family.
 Louis Partridge as Tewkesbury, a future viscount.
 Burn Gorman as Linthorn, a man who targets Tewkesbury and Enola
 Adeel Akhtar as Lestrade, an associate of Sherlock Holmes who works at Scotland Yard
 Susie Wokoma as Edith, a friend of Eudoria and suffragettes, who runs a secret martial arts class
 Hattie Morahan as Lady Tewkesbury, Tewkesbury's mother
 David Bamber as Sir Whimbrel Tewkesbury, Tewkesbury's uncle
 Frances de la Tour as The Dowager, Tewkesbury's grandmother
 Claire Rushbrook as Mrs. Lane, the Holmes family housekeeper
 Fiona Shaw as Miss Harrison, the stern head of a finishing school
 Ellie Haddington as Miss Gregory

Production

By February 2019, a film adaptation of the book series The Enola Holmes Mysteries by Nancy Springer was in development at Legendary Pictures, with Millie Bobby Brown producing and starring in the title role and Harry Bradbeer set to direct. The film adapts the first book, The Case of the Missing Marquess, in which the younger sister of famed detective Sherlock Holmes goes on an adventure after her mother's disappearance. Brown had read the books with her older sister Paige and immediately wanted to play the role of Enola, but wasn't yet old enough to play the character. She later told her father they should make it into a film and partnered with Legendary Pictures, the same company she had previously worked with on Godzilla: King of the Monsters. Brown and Bradbeer discussed the film and wanted energy, emotion and eccentricity as key elements of the film. Brown discussed with writer Jack Thorne how she wanted to break the fourth wall. Bradbeer was enthusiastic about the script since it combined his interest in stories about "dysfunctional families coming to terms with each other" with his love of Sherlock Holmes. Brown took the opportunity to improvise, something she would not do on television series Stranger Things, which is heavily scripted and because the character of Enola Holmes allowed for it. Capturing those moments and keeping up with Brown proved challenging for the focus puller.

In June 2019, Henry Cavill, Helena Bonham Carter, Adeel Akhtar and Fiona Shaw joined the cast, with Sam Claflin, Louis Partridge, Susie Wokoma and Burn Gorman joining in July as filming began in London. Railway scenes were filmed in Worcestershire at Arley railway station, Kidderminster Town railway station and Victoria Bridge on the Severn Valley Railway.
The Holmes family residence Ferndell Hall was filmed at Benthall Hall in Shropshire. Benthall Hall had not previously been used as a filming location, and the production design team received great help from the head groundskeeper who allowed the place to become overgrown to achieve the look they needed. Interiors were shot at West Horsley Place in Surrey. False walls were put up and inspired by the Arts and Crafts movement they included plant motifs in the decorations and period wallpaper. The East End and Limehouse Lane locations were created among outbuildings at Luton Hoo in Bedfordshire. The scene in which Sherlock and Mycroft try to meet Enola was filmed at Drum Court within HM Treasury Buildings in Westminster.

Bonham Carter called her role the "smallest, greatest part I've been offered" and her agent tried to discourage her from taking on such a minor part. She was appreciative of the depth of the character despite her limited screen time. In the final cut, Eudoria did ultimately appear more than in the initial script.

Consolata Boyle was responsible for creating the costumes. Boyle and her team custom-designed, dyed and made the costumes for the main cast and background actors. Approximately thirty costumes were created for Enola, and costumes such as the red powderpuff dress had to be repeated several more times because of the physicality of the role and any damage that might occur during fight scenes. The powderpuff dress was based on theatrical costumes of the period, and Boyle wanted to use red, the color of courage. Boyle's favorite was Enola's final dress, it used the same shape as the first dress Enola wore while riding the bicycle bringing the costumes back full circle, but also the natural untreated silk used in the final dress has no strong color and "it allows for anything to happen next." The colors violet, green and ivory were associated with the suffragette movement so Boyle consciously made use of those colors in the costumes.

Visual effects were supervised by Michael Ellis and done by Mr. X and Host VFX.

Lawsuit
The Conan Doyle Estate filed a lawsuit against Netflix over the film, claiming it violated copyright by depicting Sherlock Holmes as having emotions. They argued this aspect of the character did not fall under the public domain as he was only described as having emotions in stories published between 1923 and 1927, and the copyright for the stories published in that period still had not expired under copyright law in the United States.
Cavill said that his portrayal of Sherlock was "a lot more emotional to begin with, so we pared it back, and we said, 'Alright, let's not make it too emotional'." On the lawsuit he said, "It's a character from a page which we worked out from the screenplay. The legal stuff is above my pay grade."

On October 30, 2020, lawyers for the defendants filed a motion to dismiss, saying the estate was unfairly attempting to prevent the fair use of characters that are "undeniably in the public domain". On December 18, 2020, the lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice by stipulation of all parties. In 2023, the final Sherlock Holmes stories entered the public domain as the US copyrights for The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes expired.

Music

In July 2019, Daniel Pemberton was announced as composer of the film's score. The soundtrack was released on September 23, 2020. Pemberton described it as "unashamedly melodic and emotional orchestral music" with some "messy quirky oddness thrown in as well".

Release
Originally intended to be a theatrical release by Warner Bros. Pictures, in April 2020, Netflix picked up the worldwide distribution rights to the film due to the COVID-19 pandemic, except for in China. It was digitally released on September 23, 2020.

To promote the film in the United Kingdom, Netflix installed a series of statues of famous sisters next to existing statues of their famous brothers. They also released a free play at home adventure game in collaboration with Escape Hunt UK called An Enola Holmes Adventure.

Reception

Audience viewership

In its debut weekend Enola Holmes was the second most-watched item on Netflix, behind the television series Ratched. Over its first five days it was the most watched film on Netflix, as the film went on to become the biggest first day opening Netflix title in 2020 as well as dominating the largest number of Netflix's monitored countries.  In October 2020, Netflix reported the film was on-track to have 76 million households watch the film over its first four weeks of release. In November, Variety reported that according to data by ScreenEngine/ASI the film was the 13th most watched straight-to-streaming title of 2020 up to that date. The film was the seventh most searched film globally on Google in 2020.

In January 2021, Enola Holmes ranked 7th on Business Insider's Biggest Netflix Original Movies of All Time with 78 million viewership.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of  based on  reviews, with an average rating of . The website's critics consensus reads: "Enola Holmes brings a breath of fresh air to Baker Street – and leaves plenty of room for Millie Bobby Brown to put her effervescent stamp on a franchise in waiting." On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100, based on reviews from 30 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Peter Debruge of Variety called the film an "entertaining franchise starter" and praised Brown's performance, stating that "[her] acting style recalls the effusive spontaneity Keira Knightley brought to Pride and Prejudice, shattering the straitlaced propriety of so many Jane Austen adaptations before it." Debruge found the film "more tasteful in its high-energy storytelling than Guy Ritchie's recent Sherlock Holmes movies, and considerably more fun than [2019]'s Nancy Drew reboot." John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review and wrote: "It successfully imagines a place for its heroine in Holmes' world, then convinces young viewers that Enola needn't be constrained by that world's borders." Ann Hornaday of The Washington Post wrote: "Enola Holmes offers brisk and exuberant escape from the heaviness of modern times, with its leading actress lending her own appealing touches to the journey. When the game is afoot, she's more than capable, not just of keeping up, but winning the day."
Ella Kemp of Empire magazine wrote: "Well-intentioned if sometimes lacking in subtlety, Enola Holmes offers a fine, spirited reminder that a traditional story can always be retold – although it might need more refined teachings on feminism next time." Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave a mixed review, saying: "It all rattles along amiably enough. Enola Holmes is the kind of all-star production that might once have been made by the BBC" but had some criticism for the mystery elements of the story "there should have been more specifically ingenious deducting and solving from Enola – codebreaking isn't the same thing."

In a negative review, Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle wrote: "A bright young actress, a movie-star actor and a potentially interesting concept gets smothered in 128 minutes of colorful, empty nonsense."

Accolades

Sequel

In September 2020, Brown and Bradbeer acknowledged their intentions to develop a sequel. Brown said she thought only about making the first film until she was on set, then she loved playing the character and said it would be a dream to do it again.

On May 13, 2021, Enola Holmes 2 was officially announced, with writer Jack Thorne and director Harry Bradbeer returning while Brown and Cavill would reprise their roles. In September 2021, it was announced that Partridge and Bonham Carter would reprise their roles.

Production and filming began in Autumn 2021 and wrapped in January 2022. The film was released on Netflix, except in China, as with the first film.

References

External links

 Conan Doyle Estate Ltd. v. Springer docket on CourtListener

2020 films
2020s coming-of-age films
2020s mystery drama films
2020s feminist films
American coming-of-age films
American detective films
American mystery drama films
English-language Netflix original films
Films about missing people
Films about siblings
Films about mother–daughter relationships
Films based on American novels
Films based on mystery novels
Films based on young adult literature
Films not released in theaters due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Films scored by Daniel Pemberton
Films set in the 19th century
Films set in England
Films set in London
Films shot in England
Films with screenplays by Jack Thorne
Legendary Pictures films
Sherlock Holmes films
Teen mystery films
Films directed by Harry Bradbeer
Films postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Films set in 1884
Films shot in Worcestershire
Films shot in Surrey
Films shot in Shropshire
Films shot in London
Films shot in Bedfordshire
Films set in the Victorian era
2020 directorial debut films
2020s English-language films
2020s American films

Enola Holmes (film)


Jacques Leon Wolfe (April 29, 1896 – June 22, 1973) was a Romanian-born American songwriter.

Wolfe was born into a Jewish family in Botoşani, Romania. His family emigrated to New York when he was a very young child. He displayed musical talent as a youngster and, at 16, he entered the Institute of Musical Art, now known as Juilliard School. During World War I, he was stationed at Governor's Island, where he played clarinet in a military band. Transferred south, Wolfe made his first direct contact with African-American music. He was fascinated with the genre and did extensive research on the history of black folk songs and spirituals. He became inspired to write his own music based on the style. His spirituals and "work songs" became very popular in sheet music form in the early 1930s. In 1934 Wolfe collaborated with poet Langston Hughes to write "Sad Song in de Air," published by Robbins Music Corp.

Jacques Wolfe is credited with writing "Short'nin' Bread" in 1928. The song is a vaudeville "blackface" song written for stage during blackface shows. The music was published by Harold Flammer and distributed by G. Schirmer in New York City.

Also set "Three Negro Poems" by Clement Wood to music for "medium or low voice and piano". Published in 1928 by G. Schirmer, the three songs are entitled: "Debil-Foot", "De Glory Road" and "Gwine to Hebb'n". "De Glory Road" appears dedicated to Paul Robeson.

Wolfe wrote the music for the 1931 film The Prodigal and in 1938, composed the music for a Broadway musical based on Roark Bradford's John Henry, starring Paul Robeson in the title role. The musical opened in January 1940 and, some reviewers thought because of a weak script, closed five days later.

Notes

External links

1896 births
1973 deaths
People from Botoșani
American male songwriters
American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
Moldavian Jews
Romanian emigrants to the United States
20th-century American musicians
20th-century male musicians

Jacques Wolfe


John Delbert Barnes (born April 24, 1976) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. Barnes is a graduate of Granite Hills High School and attended Grossmont College in El Cajon, California

Career
Barnes was selected in the fourth round of the 1996 Major League Baseball draft by the Boston Red Sox.  In , he was traded, along with Joe Thomas and Matt Kinney, to the Minnesota Twins for Greg Swindell and Orlando Merced. He achieved his best minor league season in 2000 with the Twins' Triple-A affiliate in Salt Lake City, winning the Pacific Coast League batting crown with a .365 average along with a 1.004 OPS, 56 extra base hits and 87 RBI. The performance earned him his first promotion to the major leagues, where he batted .351 with an .874 OPS in limited action for the Twins.

His numbers in Triple-A tailed off in 2001, and after a meager .048 average in 23 plate appearances with the 2001 Twins, he was placed on waivers and claimed by the Colorado Rockies. Barnes became a minor league nomad from there, spending the entire  season with the Rockies' Triple-A Colorado Springs Sky Sox, , with the Pittsburgh Pirates Triple-A Nashville Sounds. and  in the Los Angeles Dodgers system with the Gulf Coast Dodgers and Las Vegas 51s.

In , Barnes played with the Atlanta Braves organization with the Mississippi Braves and the Richmond Braves, his last season as a position player.  In  he returned to the Red Sox organization and was converted to a knuckleball pitcher.  Between 2006 and , he worked his way up from Boston's Gulf Coast League team to their Triple-A team in Pawtucket, but was granted free agency at 2007's end and has not played professionally since.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Baseball players from San Diego
Colorado Springs Sky Sox players
Edmonton Trappers players
Greenville Drive players
Grossmont Griffins baseball players
Gulf Coast Dodgers players
Gulf Coast Red Sox players
Lancaster JetHawks players
Las Vegas 51s players
Major League Baseball outfielders
Michigan Battle Cats players
Minnesota Twins players
Mississippi Braves players
Nashville Sounds players
New Britain Rock Cats players
Pawtucket Red Sox players
Portland Sea Dogs players
Richmond Braves players
Salt Lake Buzz players
Baseball players from El Cajon, California
Trenton Thunder players
Wilmington Blue Rocks players

John Barnes (outfielder)


Vyvyane Loh (Chinese: Loh Hui-Shien) is a Malaysian-American novelist, choreographer, and physician.

Biography
Loh was born in Ipoh, Malaysia of an ethnic Chinese family. She grew up in Singapore and completed a degree in Biology and Classics at Boston University in the United States. She then went on to study at the Boston University School of Medicine and undertook a residency in internal medicine. After a short stint in private practice, she quit her full-time medical job when she was awarded a full scholarship to the Master of Fine Arts program at Warren Wilson College in Creative Writing (Fiction). While pursuing her degree, she worked part-time as a physician; a fitness and dance instructor; and personal trainer to support herself. She graduated in July 2001 and her novel Breaking the Tongue, written during her MFA program, was published in 2004. It was shortlisted for the International IMPAC Award, the only first novel on the 2005 shortlist.

Loh was a Radcliffe (Bunting) Fellow in Fiction in 2005/2006 and a Guggenheim Fellow in Fiction in 2008. She is currently the medical director of Transform Institute for Metabolic & Lifestyle Medicine in Newton, MA. She is board-certified in internal medicine and obesity medicine. Loh serves on the exam writing committee for the American Board of Obesity Medicine, as well as its strategic planning committee.

Works
 Breaking the Tongue (2004, W.W. Norton & Co.)

References

 Entertainment Weekly review

External links
 Breaking the Tongue Official Site
  at Transform Institute's website.

Boston University School of Medicine alumni
Singaporean writers
Living people
21st-century American novelists
American women writers of Chinese descent
American novelists of Chinese descent
American women novelists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Malaysian emigrants to Singapore
Singaporean emigrants to the United States
21st-century American women writers

Vyvyane Loh


WXSS (103.7 FM) is a Top 40 (CHR) radio station owned by Audacy, Inc., licensed to Wauwatosa, Wisconsin and serving Milwaukee. Its studios are located in Hales Corners. WXSS's tower is located in the Milwaukee "tower farm" complex near Estabrook Park in the northeastern part of the city.

History

Early years (1961-1971)
The original call sign was WTOS, a reference to its city of license when it signed on in 1961 with a MOR format. WTOS later flipped to a country music format that also featured ethnic programming. In March 1969, new owners switched the station's format to progressive rock, going head-to-head with WZMF.

Beautiful music (1971-1993)
The inexperienced owners lost money with the format, and in 1971, a new owner adopted a beautiful music format and the WEZW call sign. WEZW was a huge ratings success for the following two decades.

Adult contemporary (1993-1995)
As the format withered away on radio dials across the country during the late 1980s and early 1990s, WEZW tweaked the format in 1993 by adding adult contemporary music with vocals. WEZW made an even more abrupt change in March 1995 by changing its calls to WAMG and branding to Magic 103.7 with the slogan "Continuous Soft Favorites".

Rhythmic (1996-1998)
Unable to compete with WLTQ, they flipped to a Rhythmic Adult Contemporary format during Labor Day weekend, 1996, keeping the "Magic" branding, but changing the slogan to "Rhythm & Romance." The playlist featured rhythmic oldies, current R&B and Pop/Dance in addition to soft AC. Much of the airstaff was changed; however, some features including "Lovesongs" (with a different host) and "The Sunday Jazz Brunch" remained.

Top 40 (1998-present)
Throughout the mid-1990s, the Milwaukee market was left without a Top 40 station after WLUM-FM dropped its Top 40 format in late-1994. It wasn't until June 19, 1998, when Top 40 made a comeback to the Milwaukee market when the 103.7 FM frequency station launched its current CHR format under the call letters WXSS-FM, and 103.7 KISS-FM was born, with "Everybody" by Backstreet Boys being the first song played. The station debuted with 10,000 songs in a row without commercials, as many CHR stations have done, and was promoted and followed by a $10,000 giveaway. As the station added personalities, they did several remotes with T-shirt giveaways. The current Vice President of Operations, Brian Kelly, was in charge of the launch, which included imaging by Mitch Craig.  The station was branded as The All New, All Hit 103.7 Kiss FM from the time it started until February 2003.

At Midnight on February 3, 2003, the station tweaked its playlist to Rhythmic CHR and branding to 103.7 Kiss FM, The New #1 Hit Music Station, but by August 2003, the station began tweaking back to mainstream CHR. However, by 2009, WXSS shifted back to a Rhythmic-leaning direction with a heavy emphasis on R&B/hip-hop, dance and pop hits while playing only the most popular rock music.

On May 28, 2010, WXSS got new competition when WRNW ditched its '80s Classic Rock format to go Top 40/CHR. WRNW's parent company iHeartMedia (the former Clear Channel Communications) owns the rights to the "KISS-FM" branding, though when WXSS launched in 1998, Clear Channel was still in the process of acquiring their Milwaukee stations, and the strategy of expanding the KISS-FM branding across Clear Channel's stations nationwide had not yet been implemented, allowing Entercom to claim the name in the Milwaukee market. WRNW would flip to Sports Talk in November 2018 after eight years and not-so-impressive ratings, as well as failing to overtake WXSS during its run.

On September 7, 2012, WXSS picked up new competition from WZBK-FM, who switched formats from Classic Country to Rhythmic Top 40 as WNRG, "Energy 106-9." This would last until April 1, 2021, when the station flipped to Oldies, thus leaving WXSS as the only CHR station in Milwaukee.

Today WXSS plays mostly Rhythmic Pop Hits and Hip-Hop, in addition to Classic Hip-Hop from the 90s and 2000s on a more regular basis.

Following changes to Audacy-owned stations nation-wide, all local DJs outside of the morning show were replaced with syndicated personalities from other markets.

History of the Various Shows on KISS FM

Mornings
The Joe Show with Joe Caruso, Van "The Man" McNeal, and Ginger Jordan was the first morning show when the station signed on. The show later was helmed for a short time by Van and Ginger, after the departure of Caruso. Former KDWB afternoon jock Michael Knight then joined to form Knight In The Morning. Later, Van moved to nights on KISS and Michael and Ginger welcomed former KDWB production director Rahny Taylor as the third host and executive producer. Later, when Rahny and Michael were moved to clustermate Hot A/C WMYX and Ginger departed the station, KISS mornings were handled again by Van McNeal, this time with KISS production assistant Tony Zamboni as co-host. Just months later, Van moved to afternoon drive on KISS and Rahny Taylor returned to KISS FM, along with former KISS night and afternoon host Wes McKane, to form the "Wes & Rahny In The Morning". Later, former WIFC FM night jock Alley Faith joined Wes and Rahny, to form "Wes, Rahny, and Alley". In 2013 Rahny departed the station for K-Love/Air1 in Sacramento. Crosstown WRNW afternoon host, Riggs, replaced him to form "Wes, Riggs & Alley." In late 2015, Wes left Kiss to host mornings on sister station, WMYX. In September 2016, Ryan Gibbons joined the show from KZOK Seattle as full-time "Producer Gibbons".  The show was then known as simply "Riggs and Alley". In October 2022, Riggs announced plans to depart the station.

Middays
JoJo Martinez held the midday position for about nine of those years. During JoJo's short time away from the station, former Atlanta radio personality and current XM disc jockey PJ held the job. JoJo moved to sister station WMYX in the summer of 2010 and Leigh McNabb, formerly of WLRW, WZOK and WMYX, hosted middays until 2015. In the fall of 2015, current music director, Nathan Graham began hosting middays. In 2018, JMatt became the station's midday host. In 2021, the out-of-market personality Julia began airing in middays.

Afternoons
The station signed on with former Jacksonville and Denver radio personality Greg Tanner in afternoons. Following his exit, former KISS night jock and current morning host Wes McKane held down PM drive. After Wes left to do nights at KDWB in the Twin Cities, Mat Mitchell, formerly nights at Mix 93.3 in Kansas City, held down afternoons. When Mat left to do mornings at Channel 963 in Wichita, then night host Van McNeal did afternoons. Van later left to do the same shift on sister station WMYX, which opened the door for Kraig Karson, the station's first night host, to do afternoons. In 2022, the out-of-market personality Josh "Bru" Brubaker began airing in afternoons.

Nights
When KISS signed on, current afternoon jock Kraig Karson served as the first night show host. When Kraig left for afternoons at the now defunct 103.5 The Beat in Chicago, current morning show host Wes McKane became the station's second night jock, coming from a similar role at 95.5 WIFC FM in central Wisconsin. After Wes moved to afternoons, former KDWB jock Zanny K. enter for a very short stint as the night time host. Zanny was followed by Van McNeal, who shifted into nights from mornings. Van's move back to mornings made way for B-Dub, who was inbound from HOT 104 in Mobile, AL. After about one year, B-Dub left for afternoon drive at Q102 in Philly and was replaced by Kracker, a.k.a. Pat Clark, who moved from a similar job at U92 in Salt Lake City. Upon Kracker's departure for mornings in Seattle at KQMV, former KISS part-timer Brett Andrews returned for the night slot, coming from HOT 97 in Las Vegas, where he hosted afternoons. Brett Andrews was the night host until May 2010, when he took another job in Portland, Oregon. After his move, HaZe, who formerly worked at KSLZ St. Louis, took over the night slot at KISS. After Haze left the station in 2011, Michelle McKnight stepped in. She left the station in the spring of 2014 for KTFM in San Antonio. Nathan Graham came to KISS to host nights in the fall of 2014. After segueing up to middays, he was replaced by longtime Milwaukee radio staple, DJ Gee-A. In 2022, the out-of-market personality Sean "Sonic" Leake began airing in evenings.

Overnights
Current overnight host is Z, who also works as Assistant Production Director for Entercom Milwaukee. Previous overnight hosts included Dave Michaels (Currently nights on WRIT-FM), Brett Andrews did fill in overnights in 2002 (Currently Program Director and Morning Show host at WRIT-FM), Jake Evans (Left for WLUM-FM in 2002)

Klub KISS
Klub KISS, created in 2003, is a dance club mixshow featuring most of the songs played in regular rotation in remixed/dance mix form.   It was so popular that in 2005 it spawned the 5 O'Clock Traffic Jam and PJ's Party Jam (later renamed Jojo's Party Jam upon Jojo's return to the Midday slot).

Klub KISS is currently produced and hosted by night personality, DJ Gee-A.

HD Radio
The station has two HD Radio subchannels. When WXSS commenced HD operations, their HD2 sub-channel carried the standup comedy format of the All Comedy Radio Network. Later, an HD3 subchannel was activated to simulcasts sister sports talk station WSSP. In August 2011, the WSSP simulcast moved to the HD2, replacing the All Comedy Radio Network, and the HD3 subchannel was turned off. As of June 2014, the 103.7-HD2 signal was translated in analog form on 105.7 FM over translator W289CB to give WSSP an FM signal within the main Milwaukee area.

In the spring of 2019, WXSS-HD3 was launched to carry "The Oasis", an '80s-heavy adult contemporary playlist branded as "Relaxing Radio"; in mid-August 2019, it was switched to the LGBTQ+ network Channel Q.

On October 5, 2020, WXSS-HD2/W289CB dropped the simulcast of WSSP and flipped to urban contemporary, branded as "Hot 105.7". The shift in format is likely intended to lure in nostalgia listeners, when WLUM-FM utilized the same format under the branding of "Hot 102" from its 1979 launch until its 1994 transition to rock and alternative music (though the current incarnation of "Hot" has a more modern playlist), along with providing direct competition to WKKV, albeit in an automated form to start.

References

External links

Milwaukee radio: a retrospective

XSS
Contemporary hit radio stations in the United States
Audacy, Inc. radio stations

WXSS


David Cross (born April 4, 1964) is an American comedian and actor who is known for playing Ian Hawke in the Alvin and the Chipmunks series and for voicing Crane in Kung Fu Panda 1, 2, and 3.

Influences
Cross stated comedians like Bill Hicks, Richard Pryor, Bill Maher, Dennis Miller, Jerry Seinfeld, Lenny Bruce, Mort Sahl, Denis Leary, George Carlin and Sam Kinison as influences.

Acting
Space Ghost: Coast to Coast – himself
Aqua Teen Hunger Force – Happy Time Harry, Burt Banana
Kung Fu Panda – Crane
Alvin and the Chipmunks – Ian Hawke
Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel – Ian Hawke
Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked - Ian Hawke
Small Soldiers - Irwin
Kung Fu Panda 2 - Crane
The Post

1964 births
Living people
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
Actors from Atlanta

David Cross


The Roslyn Flats is a historic building located on the hill above downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was constructed in 1901 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The apartment building was one of several that were built near the campus of Palmer College of Chiropractic.

Architecture
Roslyn Flats follows the basic design of apartment buildings built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Davenport. The building is a three-story structure built over a raised basement and constructed in brick. Bay windows frame the façade on the north and south sides and a two-story porch was constructed between them. Flanking the window bays are rusticated brick pilasters that end in Ionic caps. The cornice features a plain molded architrave below a wide frieze into which are set small Adamesque oval windows. The building features the "formalism, sharp lines and studied elegance" that is found in Federalist architecture.

References

Residential buildings completed in 1901
Apartment buildings in Davenport, Iowa
Apartment buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa
National Register of Historic Places in Davenport, Iowa

Roslyn Flats


Stephen Brobst (born September 21, 1962) is an American technology executive.

Early life and education
Brobst was born September 21, 1962, at the hospital on Stanford University campus where both of his parents did their undergraduate studies. In his childhood years he participated in chess tournaments sponsored by the United States Chess Federation (USCF) and in league competitions between high schools in Silicon Valley. He was president of his high school chess club.
He graduated as valedictorian from Milpitas High School in 1980.

For his undergraduate work he studied Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at University of California, Berkeley where he graduated in just three years and was bestowed the Bechtel Engineering Award as the highest honor for a graduating senior in the college of engineering for academic excellence and leadership.

Brobst performed masters and PhD research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at the Laboratory for Computer Science where his dissertation work focused on load balancing and resource allocation for massively parallel computing architectures. He also holds an MBA with joint course and thesis work at the Harvard Business School and the MIT Sloan School of Management. At MIT he was bestowed the William Stewart Award for contributions to student life during his nearly ten years as a graduate resident and tutor at the Baker House undergraduate dormitory.

Career

Early career
After working at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, IBM Research Division in San Jose, and Hewlett-Packard Laboratories in Palo Alto, Brobst founded multiple start-up companies focused on data management products and services. He founded Strategic Technologies & Systems (STS) in 1983 while he was a graduate student at MIT. STS was acquired by NCR Corporation in 1999.  From 1993 through 2000 he was co-founder and chief technology officer at Tanning Technology Corporation, a services firm focusing primarily on the implementation of Oracle databases for transaction processing. Tanning executed an initial public offering in 1999 and was later acquired by Platinum Technologies. He co-founded NexTek Software in 1994, a firm that created a software product for workload management for relational database management systems, as a spinoff from Tanning Technology Corporation. IBM acquired technology from NexTek in 1998 which provided the software foundation for early versions of the DB2 Query Patroller. Brobst was  involved in the creation of eHealthDirect, a software start-up for automated claims adjudication using rule-based systems for the health care industry, between 1999 and 2002. eHealthDirect (later renamed to DeNovis) was acquired by HealthEdge in 2003.

Teradata
Simultaneous with the acquisition of Strategic Technologies & Systems in 1999, NCR Corporation created a separate division for the Teradata relational database management system. Brobst was appointed as Chief Technology Officer for the newly formed Teradata Division and continues to serve in this capacity today. Teradata  was spun off as a separate company and went public on the New York Stock Exchange on October 1, 2007.

PCAST
During Barack Obama's first term Brobst was appointed to the  United States President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) in the working group on Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD). As part of this work he co-authored a report, "Designing a Digital Future: Federally Funded Research and Development in Networking and Information Technology", delivered to Obama and the United States Congress in December, 2010. This report recommended that all federal agencies should have a Big Data strategy and initiated government investment in this area.

Brobst served as an advisor to the National Academy of Sciences in the area of IT workforce development in 1998 and 1999.

Teaching
Brobst lectured at Boston University in the computer science department between 1984 and 1992 while working toward his PhD at MIT. He taught undergraduate courses in operating system design, data structures and algorithms. He taught graduate courses in advanced database design as well as parallel computer architecture.  Brobst has taught at the Data Warehouse Institute (later renamed Transforming Data With Intelligence) since 1996.

In 2001 Brobst worked with a team of academics in Pakistan to develop a course curriculum for database design and analytics.
He participates in the Girls Who Code initiative, teaching computer science concepts to high school girls.

Recognition
In 2014 Brobst was ranked by Advisory Cloud as the fourth best CTO in the United States. He is an elected member of the Eta Kappa Nu, Tau Beta Pi, and Sigma Pi engineering honor societies. He is also a nominated member of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Publications and patents
Brobst co-authored the chapter on big data for the Handbook of Computer Science (published by the Association for Computing Machinery in 2014). He also co-authored a report, "Designing a Digital Future: Federally Funded Research and Development in Networking and Information Technology", delivered to President Barack Obama and the United States Congress in December, 2010. In addition, he co-authored "Building a Data Warehouse for Decision Support" (published by Prentice Hall PTR in both English and Polish in 1997 and 1999, respectively).

Brobst authored journal and conference papers in the fields of data management and parallel computing environments. He was a contributing editor for Intelligent Enterprise Magazine and published technical articles in The International Journal of High Speed Computing, Communications of the ACM, The Journal of Data Warehousing, Enterprise Systems Journal, DM Review, Database Programming and Design, DBMS Tools & Techniques, DB2 Magazine, Oracle Magazine, Teradata Magazine and many others.

Brobst holds patents in the area of advanced data management primarily in areas of workload management for database systems, advanced algorithms for cost-based optimization and SQL query re-writes, and health care analytics.

References

1962 births
American chief technology officers
Living people
MIT Sloan School of Management alumni
NCR Corporation people
Teradata
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni

Stephen Brobst


Windy City (also known as Windy City II, 1949–1964) was a British-bred Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was the leading European two-year-old of 1951 when he won four races including the Gimcrack Stakes and was awarded a Timeform rating of 142, which remains one of the highest in the organisation's history. In the following season he was sold and exported to the United States where he twice defeated the future Kentucky Derby winner Hill Gail before his racing career was ended by injury. He was retired to stud where he had some success as a breeding stallion.

Background
Windy City was a strongly built chestnut horse bred by Herbrand Charles Alexander the son of the 4th Earl of Caledon and the older brother of Field Marshal Alexander. He was by far the most successful horse sired by Wyndham, a sprinter whose most important wins came as a two-year-old in 1935, when he won the New Stakes at Royal Ascot and the National Breeders' Produce Stakes at Sandown Park. Windy City's dam, a French-bred mare named Staunton, came from a relatively undistinguished Thoroughbred family which had produced little of note since the 1901 Epsom Derby winner, Volodyovski.

As a yearling, Windy City was sent to the sales at Dublin where his modest pedigree meant that he attracted little interest. He was bought for 700 guineas by Paddy Prendergast on behalf of American owner Ray Bell. Prenderagst, a trainer noted for his handling of precocious two-year-olds, trained the colt at his stable at the Curragh, County Kildare.

Racing career

1951: two-year-old season
Windy City made his racecourse debut at Phoenix Park Racecourse in April, winning a maiden race by ten lengths. He was then sent to England where he won the Oulton Stakes at Chester Racecourse in May by five lengths. The colt was back in Ireland in August and took the Phoenix Plate over five furlongs at Phoenix Park Racecourse by eight lengths. Later that month, Windy City was moved up in distance to six furlongs for the Gimcrack Stakes at York Racecourse. Ridden by English champion jockey Gordon Richards he started 5/4 favourite and won by five lengths from Pharaos.

The Bloodstock Breeders Review of 1951 report of the Gimcrack by James Park follows. a medium-sized chestnut, well nigh impossible to fault in conformation, symmetry or balance... True to his reputation, he was something of a handful behind the barrier and when the tapes went up Gordon Richards is said to have lost his irons. The colt came along in the centre of the course and when the jockey fairly got at him at the end of half a mile we saw what Windy City could do. It seemed to me that he galloped in one piece. It was just like an arrow going straight through the air. Head stretched right out he went through in perfect balance with no deviation from his head or body. We do not see that sort of thing very often and the only way I can describe him is as a racing-machine. It was more like an automation than flesh and blood. There was a difference of opinion as to where he took up the running, but in the last furlong only one was galloping and that was Windy City. He went right through on a level keel to win by five lengths.

On his final appearance of the season, the colt was sent to France to contest the Prix d'Arenberg over 1000 metres at Chantilly Racecourse. He became agitated before the race and lost several lengths at the start (starting stalls were not used in Europe at this time). He made up much of the lost ground but narrowly failed to catch the filly Pomare, who was carrying eleven pounds less. Pomare went on to win the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches in the following spring. Despite his defeat, Windy City was officially rated the best two-year-old colt to race in France in 1951 and also topped the ratings in England and Ireland.
Thomas Healy wrote in the Bloodstock Breeders Review of 1951 that Windy City "speed was phenomenal". The same article expressed the view that"Windy City was always temperamental; more often than not, he did not strike off from the start until his rivals had gone away. He was after them in a flash, and, save in the Prix d'Arenberg he came on to win in a canter". Paddy Prendergast told Mr Healy "the colt required very little training; he really trained himself".

1952: three-year-old season
Before the start of the 1952 season, Windy City was taken to the United States and offered for sale by his owner, Ray Bell. He was bought for $150,000 by Gus Luellwitz and raced as a three-year-old in the colours of his buyer's wife, Mrs. Petite Luellwitz. Windy City II, as he was now named, finished unplaced on his American debut, but at the end of January he won the San Gabriel Stakes over seven furlongs at Santa Anita Park, beating A Gleam and Hill Gail. At the same course in February, he moved up to one and one-sixteenth of a mile for the San Felipe Handicap, a trial race for the Kentucky Derby. Ridden by Eddie Arcaro, he started favourite and won by two and a half lengths, with Hill Gail in seventh. In the Santa Anita Derby over nine furlongs, Windy City II started 1/2 favourite but finished second, beaten four lengths by Hill Gail. He sustained an injury during the race, which recurred after a training gallop in late March, forcing him out of the Kentucky Derby. Although he returned to training later that year, he did not recover sufficiently to compete again.

Assessment
Until the British, Irish, and French handicappers collaborated to produce the first International Classification in 1977, each country produced its own ratings of the best two-year-olds. Windy City was given a weight rating of 133 pounds in the British "Free Handicap", placing him five pounds clear of the filly Zabara. By also topping the Irish and French handicaps, Windy City achieved a unique treble. The independent Timeform organisation awarded the colt a rating of 142, the second highest they had given up to that time, behind Tudor Minstrel and equal with Abernant. Racehorses of 1951 called him "the fastest 2-Y-O in Europe in 1951". Timeform also described the horse as "a fine, good-looking colt of exceptional physical development: highly strung, very much on his toes, and a handful at the gate:not merely a good horse, but, in his possession of brilliant speed, quite an exceptional horse: Since 1951, the rating has been surpassed by only Sea Bird, Brigadier Gerard, and Frankel and remains the highest figure ever assigned to a two-year-old or to any horse trained in Ireland.

In their book A Century of Champions, based on a modified version of the Timeform system, John Randall and Tony Morris rated Windy City the fifth best British or Irish-trained two-year-old of the 20th century.

Stud career
Windy City was officially retired in January 1953 and began his career as a breeding stallion at Sunnyslope Farm at Riverside, California. He proved reasonably successful as a sire of winners. The best of his progeny included the filly Blue Norther (Kentucky Oaks) and the colts City Line (Louisiana Derby), Old Pueblo (Del Mar Futurity), and Restless Wind (Washington Park Futurity Stakes). Windy City died from a twisted intestine in 1964.

Pedigree

References

1949 racehorse births
1964 racehorse deaths
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in Ireland
Racehorses trained in the United States
Thoroughbred family 14-d

Windy City (horse)


Leo Aryeh Mayer OBE (, 12 January 1895 – 6 April 1959), was an Israeli scholar of Islamic art and rector of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Biography
Mayer was born in 1895, in the city of Stanisławów, Galicia, then in Austria-Hungary (now renamed Ivano-Frankivsk in Ukraine), to an eminent rabbinical hasidic family. In 1913, he went to study Eastern Art at the University of Vienna, specialising in the Muslim East and its cultural history, and also studied at the University of Lausanne and the University of Berlin. He was awarded a doctorate by the University of Vienna in 1917 for an unpublished thesis on town planning in Islam. While in Vienna, he also trained in the Jewish Theological Seminary in Vienna, and began to operate within the Zionist "Hashomer" movement (later to become the Hashomer Hatzair).

In 1917, Mayer finished his studies and began teaching and working as an assistant librarian at the Institute of Oriental. In 1919, he returned to his hometown and started teaching in high school. However, due to the turmoil that followed the First World War (Stanisławów was fought over, and occupied at different time, by the forces of Poland, the West Ukrainian National Republic, Romania, the Ukrainian separatist forces and the Red Army, before it was finally incorporated into Poland until 1939), Meyer moved to Berlin and was employed in the oriental department of city's state library.

Mayer emigrated to Mandate Palestine in 1921 and began working the Department of Antiquities of the government of the British Mandate, as an inspector until 1929, and from 1929 to 1933 as Director of the Archives. After leaving the department, he was given the honorary appointment as a supervisor at the new Government museum in Jerusalem.

In the meantime, in 1925, Meyer had joined the first staff of the Institute of Jewish Studies of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and was appointed Lecturer in Islamic Art and Archaeology in 1929. In 1932, he was promoted to full professor, becoming the first Sir David Sassoon Professor of Near Eastern Art and Archaeology and served as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and as Rector of the university from 1943 to 1945.

Mayer also worked jointly with Eleazar Sukenik, in connection with the excavations of the "Third Wall" of Jerusalem, built by Agrippa, king of Judea, in 41–44 CE.

From 1940 to 1950, Mayer served as president of the Israel Exploration Society and was honorary president of the Israel Oriental Society. He was also elected a member of government Archaeological Council, a member of the Land of Israel Folklore Society, a member of Association of Archaeologists in London and an honorary member of American Heraldry Society.

Awards and honours
 In 1948, Mayer was made an honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) by King George VI.
 In 1958, he was awarded the Israel Prize, in the humanities.
 The L. A. Mayer Institute for Islamic Art in Jerusalem, established in 1974, was founded in his memory.

Published books (partial)
 Excavations at the Third Wall of Jerusalem's Old City, 1930 (jointly with A.L. Sukenik)

 Beginning and rise of Islamic Archeology, 1935
 Annual bibliography of Islamic art and archaeology :India excepted, 1935

 new Material for Mamaluk Heraldry, Jerusalem, 1937
 articles in Ars Islamica, 1936-7
 Bibliography of Islamic numismatics, Royal Asiatic Society, 1939, 1954
 Mamaluk costume, 1952
 Religious buildings of the Muslims in Israel, 1950 (jointly with Jacob Pinkerfeld and Yigael Yadin)
 L'art juif en terre de l'Islam, 1959
 Bibliography of Jewish Art
 Islamic Architects and their works, 1956
 Islamic Astrolabists and their works, 1956
 Islamic Metalworkers and their works, 1959
 Islamic Armourers and their works, 1962

Published articles (partial list)

See also
List of Israel Prize recipients
L. A. Mayer Institute for Islamic Art

References

External links

1895 births
1959 deaths
Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Jews from Mandatory Palestine
Israeli Jews
Polish emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
University of Vienna alumni
Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
University of Lausanne alumni
Academic staff of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Israel Prize in humanities recipients
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Historians of the Middle East
Jewish historians
Israeli art historians
Israeli orientalists
Historians of Islamic art
People from Ivano-Frankivsk

Leo Aryeh Mayer