Slim Chaker (24 August 1961 – 8 October 2017) was a Tunisian politician. He was born in Sfax, Tunisia. He was a member of the Nidaa Tounes party.

Chaker served on the cabinet of Moncef Marzouki and Beji Caid Essebsi. He served as Minister of Public Health for a few months in 2017. He also served as Minister of Finance from 2015 to 2016 and Minister of Youth and Sports for a few months in 2011.

Chaker died in Tunis, Tunisia from a heart attack after taking part at a marathon on 8 October 2017 at the age of 56.

References

1961 births
2017 deaths
Tunisian politicians

Slim Chaker


Samoan literature can be divided into oral (pre-colonial and post-colonial) and written literatures, in the Samoan language and in English or English translation, and is from the Samoa Islands of independent Samoa and American Samoa, and Samoan writers in diaspora. Samoan as a written language emerged after 1830 when Tahitian and English missionaries from the London Missionary Society, working with Samoan chiefly orators, developed a Latin script based Samoan written language.  Before this, there were logologo (tapa signs) and tatau (tattoo signs) but no phonetic written form.

Pre-colonial and post-colonial Samoan oral literature includes solo (poetic narratives), fa'alupega (genealogies), tala (histories and mythologies), fa'agogo (folk tales), pese (songs), and faleaitu theatre. Important solo were collected and published in Samoan and in translations by German scientist Augustin Kraemer working with Tofā Sauni and other Samoan orator chiefs, and English missionary scientist Thomas Powell from Tauanu'u of Manu'a, in the 19th century; and in the 20th century a major collection of fa'agogo or Fagogo were recorded and published by New Zealand based ethnomusicologist Richard M. Moyle from faagogo storytellers throughout the Samoa Islands.  Other collections of traditional Samoan stories were published in the 20th century by Teo Tuvale, Gatoloai Peseta Sio, Seiuli Le Tagaloatele Fitisemanu, and Daniel Pouesi.

The emergence of Samoan written literature (as distinct from oral literature) took place in the context of the development of indigenous Pacific Islander literature in the Pacific region as a whole, beginning in the late 1960s.

Albert Wendt's novel Sons for the Return Home, in 1973, was one of the first novels published by a Pacific Islander. Wendt subsequently published a number of novels, poems and plays—including Leaves of the Banyan Tree (1979) and The Songmaker's Chair (2004)--and has become one of the South Pacific's best known writers. He was invested as a Companion of the Order of New Zealand for his services to literature in 2001. In 1980, Wendt edited Lali, the first anthology of South Pacific writing, which included works from fifty writers from the region.

The South Pacific Arts Society, founded at the University of the South Pacific in 1973, published Pacific Islander literature (poetry and short stories) in the magazine Pacific Islands Monthly. In 1974, the Society founded the publishing house Mana Publications, followed in 1976 by the art and literature journal Mana. Samoan poets Savea Sano Malifa, the founder of the award winning Samoa Observer newspaper, and artist Momoe Malietoa Von Reiche, first published their works through the Society. Other notable Samoan writers of their generation include poets Sapa'u Ruperake Petaia, and Eti Sa'aga.

Tuiatua Tupua Tamasese Efi was the prime minister of Samoa and later the head of state, and holds several royal chiefly titles of Samoa, but is also an important writer of Samoan culture and traditions, both in Samoan and English. His writing are widely read in the Samoan and Pacific Islander communities internationally in print and online.

Emma Kruse Va'ai, Pro Vice Chancellor at the National University of Samoa is a poet and published writer. Dr Sina Vaai is an established Professor of English Literature at National University of Samoa and a notable critic-writer, researcher, academician and published poet. Her published PhD research Literary Representations in Western Polynesia: Colonialism and Indigeneity (Samoa: National University, 1999) examines the postcolonial literature from Samoa, Tonga and Fiji; and there is a collection of her poems Lavoni Rains. Caroline Sinavaiana-Gabbard is another poet from American Samoa based at University of Hawaii, who made a study of faleaitu plays.

Novelist and poet Sia Figiel ushered in a new era of Samoan literature in the 1990s. Figiel's novel Where We Once Belonged won the Commonwealth Prize for best first book for the Asia-Pacific region in 1997. Followed by Girl in the Moon Circle, Portrait of a Young Artist in Contemplation, and other novels and poetry collections. She influenced new generations of Samoan women writers including poets Tusiata Avia and Selina Tusitala Marsh, and novelist Lani Wendt Young.

Dan Taulapapa McMullin is a fa'afafine or LGBT writer and artist from American Samoa based in New York, whose collection of poems Coconut Milk was on the American Library Association's 2013 Ten Best LGBT Books of the Year. Other Samoan LGBT writers include Victor Rodger in Aotearoa-New Zealand, Brian Fuata of Australia and London, and lesbian playwright Kiana Rivera based in Hawaii. Non-binary writer Jenny Bennett-Tuionetoa was the winner of the 2018 Commonwealth Short Story Prize for the Pacific Region.

Further reading
There have been few publications in the Samoan language. This is a list of the important publications originally written in Samoan, and published in Samoan and other languages, including English. Most were published in Apia, independent Samoa, and from urban areas of Samoan diaspora, including Auckland and Suva. Publications include important indigenous language historical and cultural texts, part of the Polynesian language system, which is often subject to Linguistic imperialism, Language shift, and linguicide.

In Samoan
 18__. O Pese ma Viiga i Le Atua. (Samoan Hymnal.) 496 pages. Malua Press. Apia, Samoa.
 1884. O Le Tusi Paia. O Le Feagaiga Tuai ma Le Feagaiga Fou Lea. Ua Faasamoaina. (The Holy Bible in Samoan.) 1,182 pages. Republished 1985 by The Bible Society in the South Pacific. Suva, Fiji.
 1989. Ia Fa'agaganaina Oe E Le Atua Fetalai! Tuiatua Tupua Tamasese Taisi Tupuola Tufuga Efi. 201 pages. Malua Printing Press. Apia, Samoa.
 2002. 'O Si Manu a Ali'i. A Text for the Advanced Study of Samoan Language and Culture. 'Aumua Mata'itusi Simanu. 681 pages. Polokalame o le Gagana Sāmoa, Iunivesitē o Hawai'i Mānoa. University of Hawai'i Press/Pasifika Press. Honolulu, Hawai'i.
 2007. O Le Su'ega Faalumaga i Tu ma Aga, Tala o le Vavau ma le Tala Faasolopito e Faamautūina ai le Filemu ma Pulega Lelei i Aiga, i Nuu, i Ekalesia. Teuteuina e le Komiti Faatonu o le Tuufaatasiga o le Tusi (Pacific Regional Interreligious Colloquium on Indigenous Cultural and Religious Concepts of Peace and Good Governance). 226 pages. Samoa Distance and Flexible Learning Centre, University of the South Pacific, Samoa Campus. Apia, Samoa.
 2008. Talanoaga na Ioma ma Ga'opo'a. Tui Atua Tupua Tamasese Taisi Tupuola Tufuga Efi. 175 pages. Continuing and Community Education, University of the South Pacific, Alafua Campus. Apia, Samoa.

In Samoan and English
 1906, 1953. Alaga'upu Fa'a Samoa: Samoan Proverbial Expressions. Collected, translated and explained by Dr. E. Schultz. Translated from German by Brother Herman. 140 pages. Pasifika Press. Auckland, New Zealand.
 1966. Samoan Dictionary. Samoan-English. English-Samoan. G.B. Milner. 465 pages. Oxford University Press.
 1976. Tala o le Vavau. Myths, Legends and Customs of Old Samoa. Adapted from the collections of C. Steubel, A. Kramer, & Brother Herman. Illustrated by Iosua Toafa. 195 pages. Pasifika Press. Auckland, New Zealand.
 1981. Fāgogo: Fables from Samoa in Samoan and English. Richard M. Moyle, Editor. 314 pages. University of Auckland Press. Auckland, New Zealand.
 1904, 1994. The Samoa Islands. Translated by Dr. Theodore Verhaaren, from the German of Dr. Augustin Kraemer. Vol.1: 707 pages. Vol.2: 530 pages. Pasifika Press. Auckland, New Zealand.

References

Samoa

Samoan literature


Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (11 July 1616–10 January 1684) of Boughton House, Northamptonshire was an English peer and politician.

Life

He was born at Weekley on 11 July 1616, the eldest son of Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton. He was educated at Oundle School and entered Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, on 2 March 1631. He represented the borough of Huntingdon in the Long Parliament (elected 23 October 1640) until called to the House of Lords on the death of his father in 1644.

He took the engagement to the Commonwealth in October 1644, and was constantly in the House of Lords during the proceedings against Archbishop William Laud. On 18 July 1645 he was nominated by both houses of parliament one of the commissioners to reside with the Scottish army in England, and in that capacity treated for the surrender of Newark in May 1646. With Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke and Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh he received the king's person from the Scots, and conducted him to Holmby. His report, read in the House of Lords on 10 June 1647, appeared in pamphlet form in London, 1647. He afterwards attended Charles till his escape in 1647. He took no part in the trial of the king, was summoned to sit as one of Oliver Cromwell's lords in December 1657, and welcomed the return of Charles II.

After the Restoration he resided chiefly at Boughton House, died on 10 January 1684 aged 67, and was buried at Weekley.

Family
He married Anne, daughter, and eventually heir, of Sir Ralph Winwood of Ditton Park, Buckinghamshire, by whom he had two sons and one daughter; Edward, who predeceased him, Ralph, who succeeded him, and Elizabeth, who married Sir Daniel Harvey, ambassador at Constantinople.

Notes

Attribution

1616 births
1684 deaths
English MPs 1640–1648
02
Edward
People educated at Oundle School


The Sistema Coriano also known as Lara-Falcón Formation, Coro region or Coriano system is one of the eight natural regions of Venezuela. Is the hilly and semi-mountainous area in northwest Venezuela, north of the Mérida Andes and east of the Maracaibo Basin, extending north to the  Caribbean coast.  It consists mostly of east–west running ridges, with the exception of the Sierra de Siruma or Empalado which run north–south.

Ecology
The region contains the Paraguana xeric scrub ecoregion.
The coastal plain contains Venezuela's only desert, the Médanos de Coro (the Coro Dunes), on the Paraguaná Peninsula.
The Coro region is one of the ten geographical regions into which Venezuela can be divided. Because the two major depression valleys are the Falcón and the Lara, the mountains are sometimes called the Falcón-Lara ranges.  The geographic region covers all of Falcón State, half of  Lara State and Yaracuy State, and small percentages of Zulia State and Carabobo State. It's the 3rd largest natural region in the country, covering 5.75% of Venezuela.

Hydrology
Coro region is very dry, with the evaporation rate frequently exceeding the precipitation rate at the lower elevations. There are three major river systems in the region.  The Pedregal and Paraíso rivers which feed into the Mitare River which empties into the Coro Gulf. The Morere, Barigua and Bucares rivers which together form the Tocuyo River, arguably the most important river in the area draining 223.44 square kilometres, and emptying into the Caribbean near the Triste Gulf.  The Tocuyo river crosses the ecoregion called the Lara Falcón Dry Forest.  In the valleys of the Lara-Falcón depression, the Turbio river is the most important due to its volume of water; its mouth is near the Orinoco River basin.

Geology
With the exception of the Siquisique highlands (which are an igneous remnant of Jurassic age), the rocks are Cenozoic, mostly 30 to 70 m.y.o., (Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene), overlaid by some Pleistocene and Holocene alluvial deposits.  This corresponds well with the Andean orogeny.

Economy
There are some oil deposits, but mainly the population relies on subsistence farming with some cattle grazing.  The dry climate is not conducive to commercial agriculture, but there are some aloe vera plantations.  There is some mining in the higher mountains and fishing on the coast.

Towns
Barquisimeto
Cabudare
Carora
Coro
Dabajuro
Punto Fijo
Riecito
El Tocuyo

References

Trinidad & Gulf of Paria: long-lived foreland basin (Campanian-Quaternary) with Neogene salt-dissolution 'piggyback' basins by Roger Higgs.
 Bartok, P. E.  (1985) "The Siquisique ophiolites, Northern Lara State, Venezuela: A discussion on their Middle Jurassic ammonites and tectonic implications" Geological Society of America Bulletin: Vol. 96, No. 8, pp. 1050–1055.
Valles y serranías de Falcón - Lara – Yaracuy in Spanish.
 MARAVEN (1988) Serie estudios regionales. Sistemas Ambientales Venezolanos. Región Centro occidental. Estados Lara, Falcón, Portuguesa y Yaracuy. Ediciones MARAVEN. Caracas.
 World Wildlife Fund: Paraguaná xeric scrub (NT1313)

Natural regions of Venezuela
Geographical regions of Venezuela
Geography of Lara (state)
Geography of Falcón
Geography of Yaracuy

Coro region


Hans Besser (1510-after 1558) was a German Renaissance portrait painter. His exact date of death is not known.

Not much is known about Besser's life except through his works. He was probably born in Aachen, Cologne and left in 1537 because of religious persecution, and found refuge in the Electoral Palatinate. He became a citizen of the city of Speyer. In 1546 he was appointed official court painter for Frederick II, Elector Palatine. After the death of Frederick in 1556, Besser continued as court painter to Otto Henry, Elector Palatine.

Besser was primarily a portrait painter. Before these portraits were detectable through documentation, attributions of his works were originally assigned to either Master of Pfalz or Master of Margrave. These names were given to the painter because of the frequent representation of the Palatinate princes. Besser demonstrated none of the leading visual style of the Renaissance in Germany. His cool portraits with their motionless poses and rigid facial expressions show a distant contemplation, which seems to follow a sober objectivity of Dutch painting of the period of the Reformation.

References
 K. holes: Hans Better - The Master of Pfalz- and Margrave. (With a contribution by Barbara Schock-Werner.) In: Munich Yearbook of Fine Arts, the third episode, 47 (1996), pp 73–102
 Hans Besser. In: Art Encyclopedia. The Concise Grove Dictionary of Art, Oxford University Press Online Edition 2002 called, April 2010
 Holes, Kurt: Hans Besser. In: Saur. General Artist Encyclopedia, Vol. 10, Munich / Leipzig 1995, p 208–209.
 Baden State Museum Karlsruhe: The Renaissance in the southwest of Germany between the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. Catalog. Bd. 1 Karlsruhe 1986

1510 births
Year of death unknown
16th-century German painters
German male painters
German Renaissance painters
Artists from Aachen

Hans Besser


Hesperia Unified School District is a school district in San Bernardino County, California. Hesperia Unified School District serves the City of Hesperia and adjacent areas in the High Desert of San Bernardino County and covers 140 square miles.  The Hesperia Unified School District provides public education services for kindergarten through senior high school students.  It includes 3 comprehensive high schools, 2 continuation high schools, 3 middle schools, 12 elementary schools, 3 choice schools, 2 alternative schools, 1 adult education school, and 5 charter schools.

Hesperia Unified School District was formed in 1987.  Until that time, students in the area were served by the Hesperia Elementary School District and the Victor Valley Union High School District.

Schools

High schools
 Hesperia High School
 Oak Hills High School
 Sultana High School

Middle schools
 Cedar Middle School
 Hesperia Junior High School
 Ranchero Middle School

Elementary schools
 Carmel Elementary School
 Cottonwood Elementary School
 Eucalyptus Elementary School
 Hollyvale Elementary School
 Joshua Circle Elementary School
 Juniper Elementary School
 Kingston Elementary School
 Lime Street Elementary School
 Maple Elementary School
 Mesa Grande Elementary School
 Mesquite Trails Elementary School
 Mission Crest Elementary School

Choice schools
 Cypress School of the Arts (K-6)
 Krystal School of Science, Math, and Technology (K-6)
 Topaz Preparatory Academy (K-6)

Alternative/Continuation schools
 Hesperia Adult School
 Canyon Ridge High School
 Mojave High School
 Hesperia Community Day School
 Shadow Ridge School

Transitional Kindergarten available at the following locations
 Cottonwood Elementary
 Hollyvale Elementary
 Joshua Circle Elementary
 Juniper Elementary
 Mesa Grande Elementary
 Krystal Elementary

Charter schools
 Encore Jr/Sr High School for the Visual and Performing Arts (7-12)
 LaVerne Elementary Preparatory Academy
 Mirus Secondary School
 Pathways to College (K-8)
 Summit Leadership Academy

See also
 List of school districts in San Bernardino County, California

References

External links

 San Bernardino County Superintendent of Schools
 California Department of Education
 City of Hesperia

School districts in San Bernardino County, California
Hesperia, California
School districts established in 1987
1987 establishments in California

Hesperia Unified School District


The Oregon Business Development Department (OBDD) dba Business Oregon is a government agency of the U.S. state of Oregon, providing support of economic and community development and cultural enhancement through administration of a variety of programs of incentives, financial support, and technical assistance to businesses, nonprofit organizations and community groups, industries, and local and regional governments and districts.

It is governed by a seven-member commission, appointed by the governor, which guides department policies and strategies to implement its mission: to create, retain, expand and attract businesses that provide sustainable, living wage jobs for Oregonians through public-private partnerships, leveraged funding and support of economic opportunities for Oregon companies and entrepreneurs.

In addition, the Oregon Arts Commission receives administrative support from the agency, and the semi-privatized Oregon Film and Video Office receives direct monetary support.

Its headquarters is in Salem, Oregon and it maintains twelve regional offices in locations throughout the state.

Divisions, bureaus and sections
Director's Office
Human Resources
Fiscal and Budget Services
Infrastructure Finance Authority
Program Services & Coordinators
Regional Services & Coordinators
Ports Section
Financial Services Division
Business Innovation and Trade Development Division
Business Services Section
Emerging Small Business Services
Global Strategies
Recruitment services
Business Development Officers
Policy & Planning Division
Government Relations
Strategic Initiatives
Public Affairs
Marketing & Communications
Information Technology
Oregon Arts Commission
Oregon Cultural Trust

Commission Members
E. Walter Van Valkenburg (Chair), Chandra Brown, Steve Emery, Tony Hyde, Anne Root, Gregory Semler, Junki Yoshida, Senator Betsy Johnson and Representative David Edwards.

References

External links
 Official website

Economic and Community Development Department

Oregon Economic and Community Development Department


The Zhongwen Da Cidian, also known in English as the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of the Chinese Language, is an unabridged Chinese dictionary, edited by Zhang Qiyun and others. The first edition had 40 volumes including its radical index in volume 39 and stroke index in volume 40. It was published from 1962 through 1968.

This encyclopedic dictionary includes 49,905 Chinese characters arranged under the traditional 214 Kangxi radicals. Each character entry shows the evolution of graphic forms (such as small seal script), gives pronunciations, and chronological meanings with sources. Words, phrases, and four-character idioms are given under the head character entry, arranged according to the number of strokes in their components. "There are many phrases under some characters," for example, 3,417 under yi (一 "one") and 1,398 under huang (黄 "yellow").

Although the Zhongwen Da Cidian is based on the first edition 1960 Dai Kan-Wa Jiten ("Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary") by Tetsuji Morohashi, this work is not listed under works consulted. The Zhongwen Da Cidian is one of the most extensive reference works of Chinese, rivaled only by the later 1993 completion of the Hanyu Da Cidian ("Comprehensive Dictionary of Chinese").

See also
 Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, of Japanese kanji
 Han-Han Dae Sajeon, of Korean hanja
Hanyu Da Cidian
Hanyu Da Zidian

References

External links
中文大辭典, Zhongwen Da Cidian online introduction

Chinese dictionaries

Zhongwen Da Cidian


Abraham J. Pollin (December 3, 1923 – November 24, 2009) was the owner of a number of professional sports teams including the Washington Capitals in the National Hockey League (NHL), the Washington Mystics in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and the Baltimore / Washington Bullets / Wizards in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Pollin was the longest-tenured owner of an NBA team, holding the Packers / Zephyrs / Bullets / Wizards franchise for 46 years.

Biography
Pollin was born to a Jewish family in Philadelphia on December 3, 1923, to Jennie and Morris Pollin. His family's original surname was Pollinovsky which was shortened to Pollin by Morris upon his arrival at Ellis Island from Russia in 1914. When he was 8, Pollin's family moved to the Washington area from Philadelphia. After graduating from Theodore Roosevelt High School in 1941 and George Washington University with a Bachelor of Business Administration in 1945, he took a job with his family's construction company for 12 years. The Pollins launched their own construction company in 1957.

Pollin was a successful construction contractor in the Washington area. He, along with Earl Foreman and real estate investor/former NBA referee Arnold Heft purchased the then-Baltimore Bullets from Dave Trager for $1.1 million on November 23, 1964. He moved the team to the Washington area in 1973 after building the Capital Centre in suburban Landover, Maryland. In 1996, Pollin announced that he was changing the team's name because he felt the name "Bullets" had too many negative connotations. "Our slogan used to be 'Faster than a speeding bullet,' but that is no longer appropriate", Pollin told the press. A "Name the Team" contest yielded the name "Wizards."

Pollin supported the Washington, D.C. community philanthropically, including a 1988 partnership with businessman Melvin Cohen to award college scholarships to 59 fifth-graders in Seat Pleasant, Maryland. Beginning in 2002, an award called "The Pollin Award" has been awarded annually in his honor. People are chosen for the Pollin Award based on their dedication to the Washington, D.C. community and the impact they have on it. Winners of the award have included Georgia M. Dickens, 2002 Executive Director, The S.T.E.P.U.P. Foundation Of Greater Washington, D.C. Inc., Harvey C. Barnum, Jr., 2005 Teacher of the Year, Jason Kamras and 2006 Miss District of Columbia, Kate Michael.

Death
Pollin died on November 24, 2009, nine days before his 86th birthday, of corticobasal degeneration, a rare brain disease.
He had made donations totaling $3 million toward finding a cure for the disease.

Personal
Pollin and his wife, Irene Sue (née Kerchek) were married on May 27, 1945, in Washington, D.C. The couple had four children, three sons and one daughter: Linda Joy (1947-1963), Robert N. (born 1950), Kenneth Jay (1952-1954), and James Edward (born 1958). Linda and Jay both suffered from congenital heart disease, leading to Jay's death at the age of 14 months old and Linda's death at the age of 16. After Linda's death, her father was so distraught that he quit his construction business and took a year off of work to recuperate from the loss.

Holdings
Abe Pollin was the chairman of the board, chief executive, and the majority shareholder of his company, Washington Sports and Entertainment, which owned the Wizards and the Verizon Center, amongst other entertainment interests. He was also the builder and owner of the Capital Centre, former home of the Washington Bullets (Now Wizards) and Capitals.

Accomplishments and honors
In 1999, Pollin received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.

On March 9, 2009, Pollin was inducted into the George Washington University School of Business Sports Executives Hall of Fame. In March 2011, he was inducted into the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.

Pollin's building and financing of Capital One Arena is often given credit for revitalizing Downtown Washington, D.C. The block of F Street NW where Capital One Arena is located was named "Abe Pollin Way" in his honor. The Irene Apartments at 4701 Willard Ave, Chevy Chase, Maryland, were built by Abe and named after his wife.

Mayor Adrian Fenty named December 3, 2007, "Abe Pollin Day" in Washington, D.C.

References

External links

Wizards profile
AISH profile
Goldstein, Richard "Abe Pollin, Team Owner and Philanthropist, Dies at 85" The New York Times, Wednesday, November 25, 2009

1923 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from corticobasal degeneration
Neurological disease deaths in Washington, D.C.
Businesspeople from Maryland
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
George Washington University alumni
Jewish American sportspeople
National Hockey League executives
Washington Wizards owners
Washington Capitals owners

Abe Pollin


Gyedu-Blay Ambolley is a Ghanaian highlife musician, songwriter, producer, and composer. The first musician from Ghana and the world to formally incorporate rap forms into local highlife rhythms, Ambolley created the musical genre Simigwa.

Career
Gyedu-Blay Ambolley was rather unknown outside of West Africa until Soundway Records included his seminal Simigwa-Do, which Ambolley released in 1973, on their first anthology, Ghana Soundz. Ambolley's sound has led many to label him the godfather of hiplife, the fusion of hip hop and highlife idioms. Ambolley stood aside AL Threats at the Playboy Jazz Festival in Los Angeles. His song "Simigua-do" is considered the first Ghanaian version of previously introduced American rap in the world released in 1973. Ambolley, Sammy Lartey and Ebo Taylor are the few musicians who envisioned a future for high-life music in the late 60s and early 70s and helped transform the genre fusing high-life, funk and jazz music.

Achievements
In June 2015 Ambolley received a citation in the US from the City Council of Philadelphia, read by Councilwoman Honorable Jannie Blackwell and Hon. Stanley J. Staughter in recognition of the musician's contributions to Ghanaian music in the US.

Awards
 Most Consistent Artist — Ghana (1980)
 Album and Song of the Year — Ghana (1990)
 Trend Music Awards — Ivory Coast (1997)
 Africa-American History Award — MWEPC, Los Angeles, CA (2001)
 Afrikan Music Award — Los Angeles, CA (2002)
 Malcolm X Music Festival Award — Los Angeles, CA (2002)
 Lifetime Achievement Award — The Jazz at Drew from Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA (2003)
 Congressional, Gubernatorial Certificate of Special Recognition — Congresswoman Juanita Millinder McDonald  (2003)
 Best World Beat Recombinant Artist 2003 & Best World Beat Recombinant Artist 2003 L.A. Weekly nominated Ambolley for Best World Beat Recombinant Artist in 2003 and 2004

References

Living people
Ghanaian highlife musicians
21st-century Ghanaian male singers
21st-century Ghanaian singers
1947 births
20th-century Ghanaian male singers

Gyedu-Blay Ambolley


Thirteen Ways to Look at Birds is a studio album by Australian musicians Paul Kelly, and James Ledger featuring Alice Keath and Seraphim Trio . The album was released on 30 August 2019 and peaked at number 43 on the ARIA Charts.

The albums brings six musicians together to interpret bird inspired poems, written by John Keats, Thomas Hardy, Emily Dickinson, Judith Wright, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Gwen Harwood, A D Hope and others.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019, the album won ARIA Award for Best Classical Album.

Track listing

Charts

Release history

References

2019 albums
Paul Kelly (Australian musician) albums
ARIA Award-winning albums

Thirteen Ways to Look at Birds


Central Europe is the area around the Alps and Carpathian Mountains lying between the regions of Eastern and Western Europe. It includes countries that may also be referred to as Eastern or Western European. The understanding of the concept of Central Europe varies considerably from nation to nation, and also has from time to time.

The region usually includes:

 Poland
 Slovakia
 Hungary
 Slovenia

 Austria
 Switzerland
 Liechtenstein
 Germany
 Czech Republic

Alternative Definitions
If one were to divide the continent of Europe into two halves like it was during the Cold War, the Iron Curtain would subsequently split the mainstream definition of "Central Europe" in half.  When using this definition, the countries of Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia would be included in Eastern Europe: whereas the countries of Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland would be considered Western Europe instead. Some experts consider this definition outdated, but many still use them. Supranational organizations like the UN and EU also make use of them.

In addition, other countries such as Croatia and the Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia can be included in "Central Europe": though they are now mostly considered a part of either Southern Europe or Northern Europe respectively.

References

Regions of Europe

Central Europe


The Baby Snakes were an Irish rock band formed in 1985. The original line-up featured Frank Rynne, Niall O'Sullivan and Johnny Bonney. In October 1985 they recorded a radio session for Dave Fanning's RTÉ radio show and reached No. 13 in Fanning's Fab 50, an end-of-year listeners poll, in December 1985. Their first L.P., Sweet Hunger, featured Brian Downey from  Thin Lizzy on drums. Their second L.P. was produced by Dave Goodman. In 1988, after a BBC Radio 1 session for Janice Long, the band moved to London with new drummer Stephen R Kennedy [now a hydro engineer in France] who previously played in a band headed by Noel Phelan (now a house DJ) where they played a mix of underground venues as well as The Marquee.

Discography
 Song "Johnny" - Various Artists - Weird Weird World of Guru Weirdbrain LP - Hotwire Records - HWLP8505 - IRL - 1985
Songs for Subliminal Kids EP 7" - Santides Records - SAN 0057 - IRL – 1987
This City Sucks (live) - Cassette FOAD Records - ??? - January 1988
Sweet Hunger LP FOAD Records - FOAD 7 - June 1988 Produced by Ian Bryon and Paul Thomas.
Rebel Radio LP - Santides Records - SAN0089 - July 1990 Produced by Dave Goodman
Looking for Strange (Cassette) - Santides, 1990
Four Foot Tapping Greats EP 7" - Santides Records - SUE 66 - UK - 1992 Four Johnny Cash covers, 2 recorded in mono.

References

External links
The Baby Snakes "Fade" on Anything Goes, RTE, 1984
The Baby Snakes "Looking for Strange" on Megamix, RTE, 1987
 Profile of The Baby Snakes'

Irish rock music groups
Musical groups established in 1985
1985 establishments in Ireland

The Baby Snakes


Victor (or Viktor) Abramovich Zalgaller (, ; 25 December 1920 – 2 October 2020) was a Russian mathematician. His focus was in the fields of geometry and optimisation. He is known for his results on convex polyhedra, linear and dynamic programming, isoperimetry and differential geometry.

Zalgaller lived in Saint Petersburg most of his life. He studied and worked at the Leningrad State University and the Saint Petersburg branch of Steklov Institute of Mathematics. He did his early work under direction of Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov and Leonid Kantorovich.

Zalgaller was born in Parfino, Novgorod Governorate. He was Jewish. In 1999, he moved to Israel. Zalgaller died on 2 October 2020 at the age of 99.

References

Other websites

1920 births
2020 deaths
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Israeli Jews
Israeli mathematicians
Russian Jews
Russian geometers
Differential geometers

Victor Zalgaller


Down House () is a 2001 Russian comedy-gross-out film by Roman Kachanov, a modern interpretation of the 1869 novel The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoevsky.

The film received the Special Jury Prize at Kinotavr.

Premise
The plot is set in modern Moscow, probably in the second half of the 1990s, with  "New Russians", Hummer H1 jeeps, bribery, violence, truckfuls of tinned stew as a dowry, and so on. The film is quite far from the novel's subject, but still keeps to the main storyline. It features Fyodor Bondarchuk as Myshkin, and a soundtrack by DJ Groove, one of the most popular Russian DJs (who appears in the film as a taxi driver).

In Russian, Даун (Down) primarily refers to a person with Down syndrome, or, colloquially, to anyone retarded or just stupid, so it is similar to Idiot; while  Хаус (House) refers to House music, which is used extensively in the film. The name is also a reference to the tendency of Russian subcultures such as businessmen, hackers and hippies to make heavy use of words borrowed from English and transliterated into the Russian alphabet.

Cast
Fyodor Bondarchuk – Prince Myshkin
Ivan Okhlobystin – Parfyon Rogozhin
Anna Buklovskaya – Nastasya Filippovna
Aleksandr Bashirov – Ferdyshchenko
Mikhail Vladimirov – Ganya Ivolgin
Jerzy Stuhr – General Ivolgin (voiced by Valentin Smirnitsky)
Valentina Sharykina – general's wife Ivolgina
Galina Kashkovskaya – Varya Ivolgina
Juozas Budraitis – General Epanchin (voiced by Boris Khimichev)
Barbara Brylska – general's wife Epanchina
Elena Kotelnikova – Aglaya Epanchina
Artemy Troitsky – Totsky

References

External links

 RusFilm

2001 films
2000s Russian-language films
2001 black comedy films
Films based on The Idiot
Films set in Moscow
Russian black comedy films
Russian crime comedy-drama films
Films directed by Roman Kachanov
2000s crime comedy-drama films

Down House (film)


Sutton railway station (sometimes referred to as Sutton (Surrey) on tickets and timetables) is in the London Borough of Sutton in South London and is the main station serving the town of Sutton. It is served by Southern and Thameslink trains, and lies in Travelcard Zone 5,  down the line from , measured via Forest Hill.

History

Sutton station was opened by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) on 10 May 1847, when the railway opened its line from West Croydon to Epsom. A branch to Epsom Downs was opened on 22 May 1865, followed by a line to Mitcham Junction on 1 October 1868. The final change to the station came when the branch to Wimbledon opened on 5 January 1930.

Until the early 1980s, it was possible to catch a direct express train to the coast from Sutton to Bognor Regis, Chichester or Portsmouth. Since the mid-1980s, these express services have been routed via East Croydon in order to serve Gatwick Airport; passengers from Sutton for the south coast now have to change at Horsham, or alternatively travel to West Croydon station and walk, take the bus or use Croydon's Tramlink service to reach East Croydon station to continue from there.

Today, travel to London Victoria takes just over 25 minutes on the direct route via  and .

Layout
The four platforms at Sutton station are numbered 1 to 4 from north to south. Platforms 1 and 2 are on the lines to Wimbledon, Epsom, Leatherhead, Dorking, and Horsham. Platforms 3 and 4 are on the Epsom Downs Line, which becomes single-track about  south of the station. Platforms 1 and 3 are used by services from outer termini to Central London. Trains from Central London use platforms 2 and 4. Terminating trains which return to central London generally use platform 4.

Platforms 1 and 2 can accommodate 12-coach trains, and were used by the express services to  and Portsmouth Harbour until they were diverted in the early 1980s to serve Gatwick Airport. Nowadays all trains calling at Sutton are formed of ten coaches or fewer. At the London end of platform 1, there are the remains of a fifth platform, which was a bay for local services via Mitcham Junction.

Two waiting rooms serve the station. An M&S Food to Go shop sits adjacent to the concourse within the station building.

Three lifts serve all platforms – one each for platforms one, two/three and four.

The installation of a side entrance serving the Quadrant was completed in summer 2014.

Wimbledon branch
Parliamentary approval for a line from Wimbledon to Sutton had been obtained by the Wimbledon and Sutton Railway (W&SR) in 1910, but work had been delayed by the First World War. From the W&SR's inception, the District Railway (DR, now the District line) was a shareholder of the company and had rights to run trains over the line when built. In the 1920s, the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL, precursor of London Underground) planned, through its ownership of the DR, to use part of the route for an extension of the City and South London Railway (C&SLR, now the Northern line) to Sutton.

The SR objected and an agreement was reached that enabled the C&SLR to extend as far as Morden in exchange for the UERL giving up its rights over the W&SR route. The SR subsequently built the line, one of the last to be built in the London area. In both the 1910 and 1920s proposals, the next station towards Wimbledon was to be Cheam on Cheam Road, but the SR dropped this station and replaced it with West Sutton station. The line opened on 5 January 1930 when full services on the line were extended from South Merton.

Services
Services at Sutton are operated by Southern and Thameslink using  and  EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
 4 tph to  (2 run via  and 2 run via )
 2 tph to  (non-stop from )
 4 tph to  (2 of these run via Hackbridge and 2 run via )
 2 tph to
 2 tph to
 2 tph to  of which 1 continues to

During the peak hours, the station is served by an additional half-hourly service to London Victoria via Norbury and via Hackbridge.

On Saturday evenings (after approximately 18:45) and on Sundays, there is no service south of Dorking to Horsham.

Connections
London Buses routes 80, 164, 280, 470, S1, S3 and S4, night route N44 and non-TFL route 420 serve the station.

Future
A planned extension to the Tramlink light rail or a separate bus rapid transit (BRT) system called the Sutton Link will create a new tram or BRT/rail interchange in Sutton, offering services to South Wimbledon via St Helier.

References

External links

Railway stations in the London Borough of Sutton
Former London, Brighton and South Coast Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1847
Railway stations served by Govia Thameslink Railway
Proposed London Underground stations
Railway station
1847 establishments in England

Sutton railway station (London)


Joe Henry Engle (born August 26, 1932) is an American pilot, aeronautical engineer and former NASA astronaut. He was the commander of two Space Shuttle missions including STS-2 in 1981, the program's second orbital flight. He also flew three flights in the Shuttle program's 1977 Approach and Landing Tests. Engle is one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and NASA.

As an X-15 pilot, Engle made three flights above 50 miles, thus qualifying for astronaut wings under the American convention for the boundary of space. In 1966 he was selected for NASA's 5th Astronaut Group, joining the Apollo program. He was backup Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) for Apollo 14 and originally scheduled as LMP for Apollo 17. However, cancellation of later flights prompted NASA to select geologist-astronaut Harrison Schmitt as LMP, displacing Engle.

Engle is an experienced spaceplane operator and the last living X-15 pilot.

Biography

Personal life and education
Engle was born on August 26, 1932, in Chapman, Kansas. He attended primary and secondary schools in Chapman, Kansas, and he graduated from Dickinson County High School in 1950. Engle was active as a Boy Scout and earned the rank of First Class. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the University of Kansas in 1955, where he was a member of the Theta Tau Professional Engineering Fraternity.

He was married to the late Mary Catherine Lawrence of Mission Hills, Kansas and has two grown children and one stepchild. He is currently married to Jeanie Carter Engle of Houston, Texas. Engle's recreational interests include flying (including World War II fighter aircraft), big game hunting, backpacking, and athletics.

He was a member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and became a Fellow in 2009.

Flight experience

Engle received his commission in the U.S. Air Force through the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps at the University of Kansas. While in school he was a member of the Professional Engineering Fraternity Theta Tau, and decided to become a test pilot. While working at Cessna Aircraft during the summer, he learned how to fly from a fellow draftsman, Henry Dittmer.

Engle entered flying school in 1957, and received his pilot wings in 1958. He flew the F-100 Super Sabre with the 474th Fighter Day Squadron and the 309th Tactical Fighter Squadron at George Air Force Base, California. Chuck Yeager recommended Engle for USAF Test Pilot School, from which he graduated in 1961, and he was later assigned to the third class of the Aerospace Research Pilot School, despite his reluctance to leave "stick and rudder" flying for a space capsule.

After serving as a test pilot in the Fighter Test Group at Edwards Air Force Base, California, Engle was a test pilot in the X-15 research program at Edwards from June 1963 until his assignment to the Manned Spacecraft Center (now the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center). Engle had applied with fellow ARPS student Charles Bassett and Michael Collins to the third NASA astronaut group, but the Air Force withdrew Engle's NASA application and instead chose him to replace Robert M. White in the X-15 program, which pleased Engle.

Engle's parents witnessed his X-15 flight of June 29, 1965, which exceeded an altitude of 50 miles (80 km) and qualified him for astronaut wings; he again exceeded 50 miles twice during his career of 16 flights. On his final X-15 mission, free flight 153 (1-61-101), which took place on October 14, 1965, he became the first of only two pilots to accomplish a sub-orbital space flight in an X-15 without the benefit of the assistance provided by the MH-96 adaptive flight control system. Despite what he later called "the best flying job in the world", Engle decided to apply again to NASA as he expected to be rotated to another Air Force assignment within a year and hoped to go to the Moon.

Engle has flown over 185 different types of aircraft (25 different fighters) during his career, logging more than 15,400 hours flight time of which 9,000 were in jet aircraft.

NASA career

Engle was one of 19 astronauts selected by NASA in April 1966. He served on the support crew for Apollo 10. He then served as backup Lunar Module Pilot for the Apollo 14 mission. He was due to land on the Moon as Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 17, but was replaced by geologist Harrison Schmitt.  This was a result of pressure from the scientific community to have a scientist (geologist) explore the Moon, and not just test pilot engineers who had been given geology training.  In response to getting bumped from the mission, he said "When you think about it, the lunar missions were geology-oriented."

According to Engle, Deke Slayton asked him whether he would prefer to fly on Skylab, Apollo–Soyuz, or the Space Shuttle; Engle responded that he would prefer the Shuttle as it was an airplane.

Engle was commander of one of the two crews that flew the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Test Flights from June through October 1977. The Space Shuttle Enterprise was carried to 25,000 feet on top of the Boeing 747 carrier aircraft, and then released for its two-minute glide flight to landing. In this series of flight tests, Engle evaluated the Orbiter handling qualities and landing characteristics, and obtained the stability and control, and performance data in the subsonic flight envelope for the Space Shuttle. He was the backup commander for STS-1, the first orbital test flight of Space Shuttle Columbia. Together with pilot Richard Truly he flew as commander on the second flight of the Space Shuttle, STS-2, becoming the last NASA rookie to command a spaceflight until Raja Chari in 2021 on SpaceX Crew-3. He was also mission commander on STS-51-I and logged over 225 hours in space.

Engle is one of two people to have flown into space on two different types of winged vehicles: the X-15 and the Space Shuttle, on STS-2 (the other person being Frederick W. Sturckow). Engle manually flew large numbers of flight-test maneuvers on the Shuttle during reentry and landing; periods of manually flown test maneuvers were interspersed with periods of computer control.

He served as deputy associate administrator for manned space flight at NASA Headquarters from March 1982 to December 1982. He retained his astronaut flight status and returned to the Johnson Space Center in January 1983. He also participated in the Challenger disaster investigation in 1986, and did other consulting work on the Shuttle well into the 1990s.

Post-NASA career
In his last active duty military assignment, Engle was the Air National Guard assistant to the commander in chief, United States Space Command and North American Air Defense Command (NORAD), with headquarters at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado. Joe Engle retired from NASA on November 28, 1986 and the USAF on November 30, 1986. On December 1, he was promoted to the rank of major general. In 1986 he was appointed to the Kansas Air National Guard and 1992, he was inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor. On July 21, 2001, Engle was enshrined at Dayton, Ohio, in the National Aviation Hall of Fame Class of 2001, along with USAF ace Robin Olds, U.S. Marine Corps ace Marion Carl, and Albert Ueltschi. In November 2001, he was inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in Florida.

Awards and honors

 USAF Astronaut Badge (1964)
 Defense Distinguished Service Medal – "for outstanding achievements"
 Air Force Distinguished Service Medal (1985)
 Distinguished Flying Cross, twice (1964 and 1978) – "for outstanding achievements"
 NASA Distinguished Service Medal
 Two NASA Space Flight Medals
 NASA Exceptional Service Medal
 NASA Special Achievement Award
 USAF Outstanding Young Officer of the Year (1964)
 Kansan of the Year (1964)
 U.S. Junior Chamber of Commerce's one of the Ten Outstanding Young Men of America (1964)
 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Pioneer of Flight Award (1965)
 AIAA Lawrence Sperry Award for Flight Research (1966)
 Iven C. Kincheloe Prize awarded by the Society of Experimental Test Pilots (1977) – for taking part in testing the Space Shuttle Enterprise
 AIAA Haley Space Flight Award (1980)
 Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy
 Robert J. Collier Trophy
 Harmon International Trophy (1981)
 University of Kansas Distinguished Service Citation (1982)
 University of Kansas School of Engineering Distinguished Engineering Service Award (1982)
 General Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy, 1981
 Aerospace Walk of Honor, Lancaster, California (1992)
 National Aviation Hall of Fame, Dayton, Ohio (2001)
 U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame, Florida (2001)
 Award of Air Force Space and Missile Pioneers (2007)
 International Air & Space Hall of Fame (2014)

See also
 The Astronaut Monument

References

Bibliography
 Thompson, Milton O. (1992). At The Edge Of Space: The X-15 Flight Program, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London.

External links

 Astronautix biography of Joe H. Engle
 Iven C. Kincheloe Awards
 Joe Engle  at the National Aviation Hall of Fame
 Joe Engle at the Kansas Historical Society
 Former BBC space correspondent Reg Turnill interviews Joe Engle in 2008

1932 births
Living people
1981 in spaceflight
1985 in spaceflight
Canceled Apollo missions
People from Chapman, Kansas
Military personnel from Kansas
United States Air Force astronauts
University of Kansas alumni
American aerospace engineers
U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni
American test pilots
Aviators from Kansas
20th-century American businesspeople
United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees
Harmon Trophy winners
United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal
NASA people
Collier Trophy recipients
Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal
X-15 program
Space Shuttle program astronauts
People who have flown in suborbital spaceflight

Joe Engle


Gruinard Bay is a large remote coastal embayment, located 12 miles north of Poolewe, in northwestern Ross and Cromarty, and is in  the former parish of Lochbroom, in the west coast of Scotland.

Settlements
Gruinard Bay has a number of settlements, mainly located on the eastern shore of the bay. On the southeast corner, the small hamlet of Little Gruinard is located, where the similar named river leaves land. On the south coast, the small townships of Sand, First Coast and Second Coast are situated along the A832 road. On the western coast, the former fishing village of Laide, in the nook where the coast turns north, overlooks Gruinard Island to the northeast. Further up the west coast, the villages of Achgarve, the main village of Mellon Udrigle and the smaller crofting township of Opinan have a commanding view of the bay and Gruinard island.

Geography
Gruinard Bay is formed from the boundary of Loch Broom to the northeast, encompasses the opening of Little Loch Broom to the east with Static Point further south, and on the west side by the Rubha Mòr peninsula, and Loch Ewe on the southwestern boundary. The bay measures 5.5 miles along its western shore, and 4.5 miles on its eastern shore, forming a L shape.

The bay overlooks the infamous Gruinard Island, which is  offshore, at the eastern side of the bay.  The Summer Isles are visible to the northeast.

Three fast flowing rivers flow into the Bay. Little Gruinard river, occasionally called River Little Gruinard, flows 4 miles from the Fionn Loch to enter Bay at the settlement of Little Gruinard, and Camas Gaineamhaich beach. River Gruinard river, flows a similar distance from the two lochs, the larger to the east, Loch Sealga and the smaller Loch Ghiubhsachain to the west, into the bay at the western side of Camas Gaineamhaich beach. The smaller stream of Inverianvie river, flows from the small loch, Loch à Mhadaidh Mòr and enters the bay between the two other rivers.

References

Ross and Cromarty
Bays of Highland (council area)
Bays of Scotland

Gruinard Bay


Not So Stupid (French: Pas si bête) is a 1946 French comedy film directed by André Berthomieu and starring Bourvil, Suzy Carrier and Bernard Lancret. In 1928 Berthomieu had made a silent film of the same name.  This was Bourvil's first film; originally a musician and singer, he went on to become one of the great comic actors of French cinema.

The film's art direction was by Raymond Nègre. It was shot at the Cité Elgé studios in Paris.

Plot summary

"Pas si bête" is a comedy about social differences and appearances. Léon Ménard (Bourvil), a farmer and an apparently simple man of the country, is invited to visit his uncle Henri Ménard (Albert Duvaleix), a prosperous industrialist.  He encounters a number of people scheming to marry into the Ménard family for the sake of money.  Ménard discovers and thwart the plots and manages to unite a young couple who truly are in love.  The romantic comedy ends happily with a double marriage.  Henri's daughter Nicole (Suzy Carrier) marries Didier (Bernard Lancret), and Ménard marries his new-found love Rosine (Jacqueline Beyrot).   It turns out that Léon is "not so stupid" after all.

Cast
 Bourvil as Lèon Ménard
 Suzy Carrier as Nicole
 Bernard Lancret as Didier
 Yvette Andréyor as Mademoiselle
 Mona Goya as Gaby
 Albert Duvaleix as Henri
 Charles Bouillaud as Joseph
 Gaston Mauger as Le père de léon
 Paul Faivre as Le notaire
 Made Siamé as La mère ménard
 Jacqueline Beyrot as Rosine
 Frédéric Munié
 Léon Daubrel
 Jean Gabert
 Yves Deniaud as Antony
 Jacques Louvigny as De bellemont

References

Bibliography
 Janis L. Pallister & Ruth A. Hottell. Francophone Women Film Directors: A Guide. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press, 2005.

External links

1946 films
1946 comedy films
French comedy films
1940s French-language films
Films directed by André Berthomieu
Remakes of French films
Sound film remakes of silent films
French black-and-white films
1940s French films

Not So Stupid (1946 film)


Robert Alfred Wolff (November 29, 1920 – July 15, 2017) was an American radio and television sportscaster.

He began his professional career in 1939 on CBS in Durham, North Carolina while attending Duke University. He was the radio and TV voice of the Washington Senators from 1947 to 1960, continuing with the team when they relocated and became the Minnesota Twins in 1961. In 1962, he joined NBC-TV.

In his later years, Wolff was seen and heard on News 12 Long Island, on MSG Network programming and doing sports interviews on the Steiner Sports' Memories of the Game show on the YES Network.

Personal life
Wolff was born in New York City; he was the son of Estelle (Cohn), a homemaker, and Richard Wolff, a professional engineer. He was a graduate of Duke University with Phi Beta Kappa and Omicron Delta Kappa honors.  Wolff served in the U.S. Navy as a supply officer in the Pacific during World War II, ending his service as a lieutenant.

He was a longtime resident of South Nyack, New York.  His son Rick Wolff is an author, radio host for WFAN and former baseball player and coach.

National broadcasting work
Bob Wolff was the longest running sports broadcaster in television and radio history. He is a recipient of the Ford C. Frick Award from the Baseball Hall of Fame and the Curt Gowdy Media Award from the Basketball Hall of Fame. Wolff has also been honored with induction into Madison Square Garden's Walk of Fame, the National Sportscasters and Sportswriters Hall of Fame, Sigma Nu fraternity Hall of Fame, and many others.

Wolff was a professional broadcaster in nine decades. Seen and heard on two ESPN TV specials in 2008, he had been on the Madison Square Garden Network since 1954 and on Cablevision's News 12 Long Island since 1986.

Wolff became the pioneer TV voice of the Washington Senators in 1947, and moved with the team to Minnesota in 1961. In 1962 he joined NBC as the play-by-play man on the TV Baseball Game-of-the-Week, where he worked until 1965.

Also heard on Mutual's Game-of-the-Day, Wolff was selected to be a World Series broadcaster in 1956 and that year called Don Larsen's perfect game across the country on the Mutual Broadcast System and around the world on the Armed Forces radio. He also was on NBC Radio for the World Series in 1958 and 1961.

Wolff was seen and heard doing play-by-play on all the major TV networks. Another of his classic broadcasts was the NY Giants / Baltimore Colts 1958 NFL Championship Game called, "The Greatest Game Ever Played". On the collegiate scene, he broadcast the Rose Bowl, Sugar Bowl, Gator Bowl, and many others. Wolff was the television play-by-play voice of the Detroit Pistons for multiple seasons.

Wolff was also an announcer for the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, the National Horse Show, the Garden's college and pro basketball and hockey games, men and women's tennis, track and boxing events as well as gymnastics and bowling. He did soccer games for the old Tampa Bay Rowdies.

New York Knicks and New York Rangers
Wolff became known regionally as television's play-by-play voice for eight teams in five different sports – the New York Knicks and Detroit Pistons of the NBA as well as the New York Rangers of the NHL, the Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins of MLB, the Baltimore Colts, Washington Redskins and Cleveland Browns of the NFL, and soccer's Tampa Bay Rowdies of the initial North American Soccer League.

He was one of very few American play-by-play announcers to have covered each of the four major team sports leagues as well as soccer, with Dale Arnold being another, having called games of all of Boston's major sport teams: the Bruins, Celtics, Red Sox, Patriots, and Revolution.

For many years Wolff was the play-by-play telecaster for all events originating from Madison Square Garden.

His broadcast partner with the Knicks for many years was Cal Ramsey.

Memorable calls
In addition to broadcasting Don Larsen's perfect World Series game and the Colts' first overtime championship title win over the New York Giants, Wolff called Jackie Robinson's last major league hit that won Game 6 of the 1956 World Series. He was also the TV voice of the New York Knicks' only two championships, in 1970 and in 1973.

Death
Wolff died on July 15, 2017, at his home in South Nyack, New York, at the age of 96.

References

External links
Bob Wolff Ford C. Frick Award biography at the National Baseball Hall of Fame
DAVID DUPREE and BOB WOLFF 2008 RECIPIENTS OF PRESTIGIOUS CURT GOWDY MEDIA AWARD
Bob Wolff Receives Curt Gowdy Media Award
Sigma Nu Fraternity Hall of Fame
Bob Wolff - 85 Going On 15

1920 births
2017 deaths
United States Navy personnel of World War II
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Association football commentators
Baltimore Colts announcers
Bowling broadcasters
Boxing commentators
Cleveland Browns announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Detroit Pistons announcers
Duke University alumni
Ford C. Frick Award recipients
Jewish American sportspeople
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Minnesota Twins announcers
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
National Hockey League broadcasters
New York Knicks announcers
New York Rangers announcers
People from South Nyack, New York
Television personalities from New York City
Tennis commentators
Washington Senators (1901–1960) announcers
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) commentators
21st-century American Jews

Bob Wolff


Barbara Halloran Gibbons (1934 - March 26, 2014) was an American cookbook author and columnist. Known as "the Slim Gourmet," her syndicated column of the same name was widely distributed in the 1970s, and popularized her ideas on diet cooking.  A number of her columns were humorous developments of her theory that "ingredients have no calories."

Personal
Gibbons lived in New Jersey, California and Texas.

Career
Gibbons was best known in the 1970s due to her syndicated "The Slim Gourmet" cooking column and the publication of many of her cookbooks on diet-focused cooking. Her publishing history continued into the 1980s.

Humor
The ideas from Gibbons's humorous columns were collected in her 1982 book Calories Don't Count If You Eat Standing Up.

Since then, Gibbons's ideas developing her humorous theory that "ingredients have no calories" have been widely reproduced and distributed online, in private emails, and in the 1995 book Chicken Soup for the Soul Cookbook.   People give these encapsulations of her ideas such titles as "Calories That Don't Count," "Food With No Calories," "The No-Fail Diet Plan" or "Guide To Calorie Burning."  Usually, authorship is simply noted as "Source Unknown" or "Author Unknown."

The following are some of the foods which Gibbons says have no calories:
Other people's food.
Food on foot.
Children's food.
Uneven edges.
TV food.
Anything smaller than one inch.
Left-handed food.
Celebratory food.
Food on toothpicks.
Leftovers.
Food eaten quickly.
Custom-made food.

Bibliography
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Calories Don't Count If You Eat Standing Up.  Chicago:  Contemporary Books, Inc., 1982.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Diet Cookbook:  Your Guide To Calorie-Wise Gourmet Cooking."  Skokie, Il.:  Publications International, c.1975.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Diet Watchers Cookbook.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1978.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  The International Slim Gourmet Cookbook.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1978.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Lean Cuisine:  Delicious Recipes For the Healthy Stay-Slender Life.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1979.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Light and Easy Cookbook.  New York:  Macmillan, c. 1980.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Light & Spicy.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1989.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  The Potato Lover's Diet Cookbook.  Denver:  National Potato Promotion Board, c.1973.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Salads For All Seasons.  New York:  Macmillan, c.1982.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  The Slim Gourmet Cookbook.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1976.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  Slim Gourmet Sweets and Treats.  New York:  Harper & Row, c.1982.
Gibbons, Barbara Halloran.  The Year-round Turkey Cookbook:  Guide To Delicious, Nutritious Dining With Today's Versatile Turkey Products.  New York:  McGraw-Hill, c.1980.
Spodnik, Jean Perry, and Barbara Halloran Gibbons.  The 35-plus Diet For Women:  The Breakthrough Metabolism Diet Developed at Kaiser Permanente For Women Over 35.  New York:  Harper & Row, c. 1987.

References

External links
"Gibbons, Barbara 1934-," a list of worldwide library holdings for 11 of Gibbons's titles at worldcat.org.

1934 births
2014 deaths
American food writers
American columnists
Diet food advocates
Writers from Texas

Barbara Halloran Gibbons


Mae Marsh (nascida Mary Wayne Marsh ; Madrid (Novo México), 9 de novembro de 1894 - Hermosa Beach, 13 de fevereiro de 1968), foi uma atriz de cinema americana com uma carreira de mais de 50 anos.

Primeiros anos
Mae Marsh era Mary Wayne Marsh, nascida em Madri, Novo México, em 9 de novembro de 1894. Era filha de Charles Marsh e Mary Wayne Marsh e frequentou  a Escola do Sagrado Coração, bem como escola pública.

Há uma história contada frequentemente sobre a infância de Marsh, de que seu pai, auditor de ferrovia, morreu quando ela tinha quatro anos. Sua família teria se mudado para São Francisco, onde seu padrasto morreu no grande terremoto de 1906. Sua tia-avó então teria levado Mae (e sua irmã mais velha, Marguerite), para Los Angeles, esperando que os estúdios as contratassem como extras  . "   No entato, seu pai, Charles Marsh, era um bartender, não foi auditor de estrada de ferro, e estava vivo pelo menos em junho de 1900, quando Marsh tinha quase seis anos. ]Seu padrasto, o inspetor de campos de petróleo, William Hall, não poderia ter morrido no terremoto de 1906, pois estava vivo nessa ocasião, tendo sido listado no censo de 1910, vivendo com sua mãe e irmãs.

Marsh trabalhava como vendedora e costumava passear pelos cenários e estúdios, observando o progresso de sua irmã, que trabalhava em um filme. Começou como figurante em vários filmes e desempenhou seu primeiro papel no filme "Ramona" (1910) aos 15 anos.

"Marquei meu caminho no cinema", relembra Marsh em "The Silent Picture". "Eu costumava seguir minha irmã Marguerite até o antigo estúdio da Biograph e, um dia, o Sr Griffth me notou, me fotografou e eu tive a minha chance. Amo meu trabalho e, embora novos e maravilhosos interesses surgiram na minha vida, ainda amo e não consigo pensar em desistir.  "

Crescimento na Carreira

Marsh trabalhou com DW Griffith em pequenos papéis na Biograph, quando filmavam na California e em Nova York. Sua grande chance veio quando Mary Pickford, estrela da Biograph, na época já casada, recusou-se a atuar no papel de Lily-White em "Man´s Genesis" por não querer mostrar suas pernas. Griffth deu o papel a Marsh, que ali começou sua trajetória no cinema.

Trabalhando com Mack Sennett e D.W.Griffith, às vezes atuava em oito filmes por ano e frequentemente fazia par romântico com Robert Harron, protegido de Sennett. Em "The Birth of a Nation"  (1915), ela interpretou a moça ingênua que aguarda a volta da guerra de seus irmãos e que, em uma das cenas mais fortes do filme, salta para a morte ao invés de se submeter aos avanços de Gus, o chamado "negro renegado", que mais tarde é morto pela Ku Klux Klan. Em Intolerância (1916) ela atua como a esposa que teve o bebê levado depois que o marido foi injustamente preso.

Marsh assinou um contrato lucrativo com Samuel Goldwyn, no valor de US$ 2.500 por semana, após "Intolerance", porém nenhum dos filmes que fez com ele foi particularmente bem sucedido. Após seu casamento com Lee Arms, agente de publicidade de Goldwyn, em 1918, a produção de seus filmes diminuiu por cerca de um ano.

O último papel principal de Marsh foi em "The White Rose" (1923), com Ivor Novello e Carol Dempster. Ela juntou-se novamente a Novello na versão cinematográfica da peça teatral de sucesso, "The Rat" (1925).

Em 1955, March recebeu o prêmio "George Eastman" por sua contribuição à arte cinematográfica.

Cinema Falado
Marsh deixou a aposentadoria para atuar no cinema falado e desempenhou um papel no remake de Henry King, "Over the Hill" (1931). Marsh atuou em vários outros filmes populares, como "Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm" (1932) e "Little Man, What Now?" (1934). Ela também se tornou a atriz favorita do diretor John Ford, aparecendo em "The Grapes of Wrath"  (1940), "How Green Was My Valley" (1941), "3 Godfathers" (1948), "The Robe" (1953) e "The Searchers" (1956).

March tem uma estrela na Calçada da Fama de Hollywood, localizada em Vine Street 1600.

Vida Pessoal
Casou-se com o agente de publicidade de Sam Goldwyn, Louis Lee Arms, em 1918. Tiveram 3 filhos. Marsh morreu em 13 de fevereiro de 1968 e está enterrada no Pacific Crest Cemetery, em Redondo Beach, Califórnia .

Filmografia

Filmes Mudos

Ramona (1910, Short)
Serious Sixteen (1910, Short)
Fighting Blood (1911, Short)
The Siren of Impulse (1912, Short)
A Voice from the Deep (1912, Short) as On Beach (uncredited)
Just Like a Woman (1912, Short) as In Club
One Is Business, the Other Crime (1912, Short)
The Lesser Evil (1912, Short) as The Young Woman's Companion
The Old Actor (1912, Short)
When Kings Were the Law (1912, Short) as At Court (uncredited)
A Beast at Bay (1912, Short) as The Young Woman's Friend
Home Folks (1912, Short) as At Barn Dance
A Temporary Truce (1912, Short) as A Murdered Settler (uncredited)
Lena and the Geese (1912, Short) as The 'Adopted' Daughter
The Spirit Awakened (1912, Short) as The Renegade Farmhand's Sweetheart
The School Teacher and the Waif (1912, Short) as Schoolgirl
An Indian Summer (1912, Short) as The Widow's Daughter
Man's Genesis (1912, Short) as Lillywhite
The Sands of Dee (1912, Short) as Mary
The Inner Circle (1912, Short)
The Kentucky Girl (1912, Short) as Belle Hopkins - Bob's Sister
The Parasite (1912, Short) as Rose Fletcher
Two Daughters of Eve (1912, Short)
For the Honor of the Seventh (1912, Short) as The Girl in Town
Brutality (1912, Short) as The Young Woman
The New York Hat (1912, Short) as Second Gossip
The Indian Uprising at Sante Fe (1912, Short) as Juan
Three Friends (1913, Short) as The Wife's Friend
The Telephone Girl and the Lady (1913, Short) as The Telephone Girl
An Adventure in the Autumn Woods (1913, Short) as The Girl
The Tender Hearted Boy (1913, Short) as The Tender-Hearted Boy's Sweetheart
Love in an Apartment Hotel (1913, Short) as Angelina Millingford, a Maid
Broken Ways (1913, Short) as Minor Role (uncredited)
A Girl's Stratagem (1913, Short) as The Young Woman
Near to Earth (1913, Short) as One of Marie's Friends
Fate (1913, Short) as Mother, Loving Family
The Perfidy of Mary (1913, Short) as Mary
The Little Tease (1913, Short) as The Little Tease, as an Adult
The Lady and the Mouse (1913, Short) as Minor Role (uncredited)
The Wanderer (1913, Short) as The Other Parents' Daughter, as an Adult
His Mother's Son (1913, Short) as The Daughter
A Timely Interception (1913, Short) as Minor Role (uncredited)
The Mothering Heart (1913, Short) as Minor Role (uncredited)
Her Mother's Oath (1913, Short) as In Church
The Reformers (1913, Short) as The Daughter
Two Men of the Desert (1913, Short)
Primitive Man (1913, Short)
For the Son of the House (1913, Short) as The Young Woman
Influence of the Unknown (1913, Short) as The Young Woman
The Battle at Elderbush Gulch (1913, Short) as Sally Cameron
Judith of Bethulia (1913) as Naomi
Brute Force (1914, Short) as Lillywhite
The Great Leap; Until Death Do Us Part (1914) as Mary Gibbs
Home, Sweet Home (1914) as Apple Pie Mary Smith
The Escape (1914) as Jennie Joyce
The Avenging Conscience (1914) as The Maid
Moonshine Molly (1914, Short) as Molly Boone
The Birth of a Nation (1915) as Flora Cameron - The Pet Sister
The Outcast (1915) as The Girl of the Slums
The Outlaw's Revenge (1915) as The American lover
The Victim (1915, Short) as Mary Hastings, Frank's Wife
Her Shattered Idol (1915) as Mae Carter
Big Jim's Heart (1915, Short)
Hoodoo Ann (1916) as Hoodoo Ann
A Child of the Paris Streets (1916) as Julie / the Child-Wife
A Child of the Streets (1916)
The Wild Girl of the Sierras (1916) as The Wild Girl
The Marriage of Molly-O (1916) as Molly-O
Intolerance (1916) as The Dear One
The Little Liar (1916) as Maggie
The Wharf Rat (1916) as Carmen Wagner
Polly of the Circus (1917) as Polly
Sunshine Alley (1917) as Nell
The Cinderella Man (1917) as Marjorie Caner
Field of Honor (1918) as Marie Messereau
The Beloved Traitor (1918) as Mary Garland
The Face in the Dark (1918) as Jane Ridgeway
All Woman (1918) as Susan Sweeney
The Glorious Adventure (1918) as Carey Wethersbee
Money Mad (1918) as Elsie Dean
Hidden Fires (1918) as Peggy Murray / Louise Parke
The Racing Strain (1918) as Lucille Cameron
The Bondage of Barbara (1919) as Barbara Grey
Spotlight Sadie (1919) as Sadie Sullivan
The Mother and the Law (1919) as The Little Dear One
 The Little 'Fraid Lady (1920) as Cecilia Carne
Nobody's Kid (1921) as Mary Cary
Till We Meet Again (1922) as Marion Bates
Flames of Passion (1922) as Dorothy Hawke
Paddy the Next Best Thing (1923) as Paddy
The White Rose (1923) as Bessie 'Teazie' Williams
Daddies (1924) as Ruth Atkins
Arabella (1924) as Arabella
Tides of Passion (1925) as Charity
The Rat (1925) as Odile Etrange
Racing Through (1928)

Cinema Falado

Over the Hill (1931) as Ma Shelby
Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1932) as Aunt Jane
That's My Boy (1932) as Mom Scott
Alice in Wonderland (1933) as Sheep
Little Man, What Now? (1934) as Wife of Karl Goebbler
Bachelor of Arts (1934) as Mrs. Mary Barth
Black Fury (1935) as Mrs. Mary Novak
Hollywood Boulevard (1936) as Carlotta Blakeford
Drums Along the Mohawk (1939) as Pioneer Woman (uncredited)
Heaven with a Barbed Wire Fence (1939) as Empire State Building Tourist (uncredited)
Swanee River (1939) as Mrs. Jonathan Fry (uncredited)
The Man Who Wouldn't Talk (1940) as Mrs. Stetson
The Grapes of Wrath (1940) as Muley's Wife (uncredited)
Four Sons (1940) as Townswoman (uncredited)
Young People (1940) as Maria Liggett
Tobacco Road (1941) as County Clerk's Assistant (uncredited)
The Cowboy and the Blonde (1941) as Office Worker (uncredited)
For Beauty's Sake (1941) as Night Manager (uncredited)
Belle Starr (1941) as Preacher's Wife (uncredited)
Great Guns (1941) as Aunt Martha
Swamp Water (1941) as Mrs. McCord (uncredited)
How Green Was My Valley (1941) as Miner's Wife (uncredited)
Remember the Day (1941) as Teacher (uncredited)
Blue, White and Perfect (1942) as Mrs. Bertha Toby
Son of Fury: The Story of Benjamin Blake (1942) as Mrs. Purdy (uncredited)
It Happened in Flatbush (1942) as Aunt Mae, Team Co-Owner (uncredited)
Tales of Manhattan (1942) as Molly (Robinson sequence)
Just Off Broadway (1942) as Autograph Seeker (uncredited)
The Loves of Edgar Allan Poe (1942) as Mrs. Phillips (uncredited)
The Man in the Trunk (1942) as Mrs. Inge (uncredited)
Quiet Please, Murder (1942) as Miss Hartwig (uncredited)
The Meanest Man in the World (1943) as Old Lady (uncredited)
Dixie Dugan (1943) as Mrs. Sloan
The Moon Is Down (1943) as Villager (uncredited)
Tonight We Raid Calais (1943) as French Townswoman (uncredited)
The Song of Bernadette (1943) as Madame Blanche - Townswoman (uncredited)
Jane Eyre (1943) as Leah (uncredited)
The Fighting Sullivans (1944) as Neighbor of Mrs. Griffin (uncredited)
Buffalo Bill (1944) as Arcade Customer (uncredited)
Sweet and Low-Down (1944) as Apartment House Tenant (uncredited)
In the Meantime, Darling (1944) as Emma (uncredited)
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945) as Tynmore Sister (uncredited)
State Fair (1945) as Ring-Toss Spectator (uncredited)
The Dolly Sisters (1945) as Annie (uncredited)
Leave Her to Heaven (1945) as Fisherwoman (uncredited)
Johnny Comes Flying Home (1946) as Bus Passenger (uncredited)
Smoky (1946) as Woman Watching Parade (uncredited)
My Darling Clementine (1946) as Simpson's Sister (uncredited)
The Late George Apley (1947) as Dressmaker (uncredited)
Miracle on 34th Street (1947) as Woman in Santa Line (uncredited)
Thunder in the Valley (1947) as Flower Vendor (uncredited)
Mother Wore Tights (1947) as Resort Guest (uncredited)
Daisy Kenyon (1947) as Woman Leaving Apartment (uncredited)
Fort Apache (1948) as Mrs. Gates
Green Grass of Wyoming (1948) as Race Spectator (uncredited)
Deep Waters (1948) as Molly Thatcher
The Snake Pit (1948) as Tommy's Mother (uncredited)
3 Godfathers (1948) as Mrs. Perley Sweet
A Letter to Three Wives (1949) as Miss Jenkins (uncredited)
Impact (1949) as Mrs. King
It Happens Every Spring (1949) as Greenleaf's Maid (uncredited)
The Fighting Kentuckian (1949) as Sister Hattie
Everybody Does It (1949) as Higgins - the Borlands' Maid (uncredited)
When Willie Comes Marching Home (1950) as Mrs. Clara Fettles (uncredited)
The Gunfighter (1950) as Mrs. O'Brien (uncredited)
My Blue Heaven (1950) as Maid (uncredited)
The Jackpot (1950) as Mrs. Woodruff in Photo (uncredited)
The Model and the Marriage Broker (1951) as Talkative Patient (uncredited)
The Quiet Man (1952) as Father Paul's Mother (uncredited)
Night Without Sleep (1952) as Maid (uncredited)
The Sun Shines Bright (1953) as G.A.R. Woman at the Ball
Titanic (1953) as Woman to Whom Norman Gave His Seat (uncredited)
Powder River (1953) as Townswoman (uncredited)
A Blueprint for Murder (1953) as Anna Swenson - Lynne's Housekeeper (uncredited)
The Robe (1953) as Jerusalem Woman Aiding Demetrius (uncredited)
A Star Is Born (1954) as Malibu Party Guest (uncredited)
Prince of Players (1955) as Witch in 'Macbeth' (uncredited)
The Tall Men (1955) as Emigrant (uncredited)
The Girl Rush (1955) as Casino Patron (uncredited)
Good Morning, Miss Dove (1955) as Woman in Bank (uncredited)
Hell on Frisco Bay (1955) as Mrs. Cobb - Steve's Landlady (uncredited)
While the City Sleeps (1956) as Mrs. Manners
The Searchers (1956) as Dark Cloaked Woman at Fort Guarding Deranged Woman (uncredited)
Girls in Prison (1956) as 'Grandma' Edwards
Julie (1956) as Hysterical Passenger
The Wings of Eagles (1957) as Nurse Crumley (uncredited)
Cry Terror! (1958) as Woman in Elevator (replaced by Marjorie Bennett) (scenes deleted)
The Last Hurrah (1958) as Mourner at Wake (uncredited)
Sergeant Rutledge (1960) as Mrs. Nellie Hackett (uncredited)
From the Terrace (1960) as Sandy's Governess (uncredited)
Two Rode Together (1961) as Hanna Clegg (uncredited)
Donovan's Reef (1963) as Family Council Member (uncredited)
Cheyenne Autumn (1964) as Woman (uncredited) (final film role)

 Bibliografia

 When the Movies Were Young. Linda Arvidson. Nova York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1969.
 Adventures with DW Griffith. Karl Brown. Nova York: Farrar, Straus e Giroux, 1973.
 Robertson-Cole offers Mae Marsh in a Sumptuosly Produced Play From Novel. The Moving Picture World , 18 de dezembro de 1920.
 Mae Marsh in an interview with Robert B. Cushman. Anthony Slide em  The Silent Picture . Nova York: Arno Press, 1977.

Ligações externas

 Atuação na tela, Mae Marsh, Photostar Publishing co, 1921
 Mae Marsh na História Virtual

Atrizes dos Estados Unidos
Cinema mudo

Mae Marsh


Richard Francis Altwasser is a British engineer and inventor, responsible for the hardware design of the ZX Spectrum.

Biography

Altwasser graduated at Trinity College, Cambridge, with a degree in engineering in June 1978. He was hired by Sinclair Research in September 1980. His first assigned job was to write some programs to demonstrate the capabilities of the new 8 kB ROM and 16 kB RAM expansion for the ZX80. After that, he worked on the printed circuit board of the ZX81.

After the launch of the ZX81, Altwasser was promoted to the computers development team and worked on the development of the ZX Spectrum, from the early technical discussions at the end of July 1981. His main contribution was the design of the graphics mode using less than 7 kilobytes of memory. He also participated in the preliminary stages of the development of the ZX Microdrive.

Altwasser left Sinclair at the beginning of May 1982 to establish his own company, along with Steve Vickers, author of the Spectrum's ROM firmware and manual. Provisionally called Rainbow Computing Co., the company later became Jupiter Cantab Limited.

Jupiter Cantab launched only one major product, a home computer called Jupiter Ace. The Ace was a failure both in the UK and in the U.S. markets. In 1983 "Buyers Guide Home Computing Weekly" was advertising the ZX81 for £39.95, and the Jupiter Ace for £89.95. The company went bankrupt in November 1983.

In 1986 Altwasser became the engineering director at Amstrad. The same year Amstrad, already itself a successful home computer manufacturer, bought Sinclair Research's computer business. Altwasser left Amstrad in 1992, taking on a number of director and executive jobs in other companies, such as Network Development Manager at RM plc from September 2000 to May 2003. As of 2011 he gives his occupation as a reader at Portishead parish.

References

External links
 «Display for a computer» (Richard Altwasser's patent for the Spectrum's graphics mode)
 ZX Spectrum's chief designers reunited 30 years on

English engineers
Sinclair Research
1957 births
Living people

Richard Altwasser


Castorocauda was a genus of small, semi-aquatic proto-mammals which lived in the Jurassic period, about 154 million years ago.

Its fossil was found in lakebed sediments of the Daohugou Beds of Inner Mongolia. Castorocauda was highly specialized, with adaptations like those of modern semi-aquatic mammals such as beavers, otters, and the platypus (convergent evolution). It is the earliest animal found with fur.

Castorocauda is one of the near-mammals in a group called the Docodonta.

Although Castorocauda was not a crown group mammal, it is important in the study of how mammals evolved. It was the first find with an almost complete skeleton. Also it is not a "small nocturnal insectivore".
It was larger than most Mesozoic mammaliaform fossils  about  from its nose to the tip of its  tail, and may have weighed .
It is the earliest absolutely certain evidence of hair and fur. Previously the earliest was Eomaia, a crown group mammal from about 125M years ago.
It had aquatic adaptations including flattened tail bones and remnants of soft tissue between the toes of the back feet, suggesting that they were webbed. Previously the earliest known semi-aquatic mammaliaforms were from the Eocene, about 110 million years later.
Castorocauda's powerful forelimbs look adapted for digging. This feature and the spurs on its ankles make it resemble the platypus, which also swims and digs.
Its teeth look adapted for eating fish: the first two molars had cusps in a straight row, which made them more suitable for gripping and slicing than for grinding. These molars are curved backwards, which helps in grasping slippery prey.

References

Docodonts
Fossils
Jurassic

Castorocauda


The Tinker Dam is a hydroelectric dam built in Tinker on the Aroostook River in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, and operated jointly by WPS Energy and NB Power. Its power house has a capacity of 34 megawatts.

The dam and power house are collectively known as the Tinker Generating Station.  The dam is located in Aroostook Junction, New Brunswick, immediately downstream of Fort Fairfield, Maine, and less than 1 km east of the Canada–United States border.  The reservoir floods the Aroostook River valley into a portion of northeastern Maine.  The dam was built in 1923 and the power house contains 5 hydroelectric units (1-5) which were placed in service between 1923 and 1965.

The Tinker Generating Station benefits from flow regulation upstream in Maine on Millinocket Lake and on the Aroostook River in Squa Pan.  There are also control facilities and a power house canal located on the Maine side of the border.

The Tinker Generating Station was constructed as a joint project of the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission and the Maine Public Service.  In 1999, the Maine Public Service sold its share of the plant to WPS Power Development, LLC of De Pere, Wisconsin.  WPS Power Development operates in Canada under its subsidiary WPS Canada Generation, Inc.

The dam spans the river between Andover Parish on the south side, and Grand Falls Parish on the north side, both in Victoria County.

External links

NB Power Corporation
WPS Energy - Tinker GS statistics

NB Power
Dams in New Brunswick
Hydroelectric power stations in New Brunswick
Buildings and structures in Victoria County, New Brunswick
Dams completed in 1923
1923 establishments in New Brunswick

Tinker Dam


In archaeology, a type site (or type-site, or typesite) is a site that is typical of a particular archaeological culture. A type site contains artifacts which are typical of that culture. Type sites are often the first or foundational site discovered about the culture they represent.

For example, the type site of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A culture is Jericho, in the West Bank. The type site of the pre-celtic/Celtic Bronze Age Hallstatt culture is the lakeside village of Hallstatt, Austria.

In geology the term is used similarly for a site considered to be typical of a particular rock formation, etc. The use of this term is similar to that of the type specimen in biology.

Archaeology
Geology

Type site


"So Did the Fat Lady" is the third episode of the fourth season of the American comedy-drama television series Louie. It is the 42nd overall episode of the series and was written and directed by Louis C.K., who also serves as the lead actor. It was released on FX on May 12, 2014, airing back-to-back with the follow-up episode, "Elevator Part 1".

The series follows Louie, a fictionalized version of C.K., a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City. In the episode, Louie is asked out by Vanessa, an overweight woman, and he hesitates on his decision.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.81 million household viewers and gained a 0.4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received extremely positive reviews from critics, with Baker's guest appearance receiving acclaim, although some viewed its message and monologue as heavy-handed. For the episode, Louis C.K. won Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards.

Plot
After a performance at the Comedy Cellar, Louie (Louis C.K.) is approached by an overweight woman, Vanessa (Sarah Baker). She wants to go out with him, but Louie does not feel comfortable with her. Despite wanting to lose weight, Louie and Bobby (Robert Kelly) go on a "bang-bang", during which they go to different places to eat complete meals. However, Louie feels embarrassed when Bobby tells their plan to a waitress.

Louie runs into Vanessa again, declining her suggestion. However, he changes his mind when she offers tickets to a New York Rangers game, deciding to go out for coffee with her. Their encounter goes well and both spend the rest of the day walking through the city. However, the day is ruined when Louie says "you are not fat", which annoys Vanessa as she considers herself to be. She is even more disappointed with Louie's dishonesty and how he perceives her for turning a date down earlier. While Louie wants to argue that he slept with overweight women before, Vanessa states that he never really "dated" an overweight woman. As she professes her desire to hold hands with someone, Louie decides to hold her hand. They walk away laughing, with Louie telling jokes while Vanessa replies "so did the fat lady."

Production

Development
In April 2014, FX confirmed that the third episode of the season would be titled "So Did the Fat Lady", and that it would be written and directed by series creator and lead actor Louis C.K.. This was C.K.'s 42nd writing and directing credit.

Casting
When questioned about her monologue, Sarah Baker explained her interpretation, "My interpretation of it was that she's [telling Louie], 'You saying, 'You're not fat,' is like saying, 'The worst thing a woman can be is fat, so I'm not gonna call you that.' Whereas she's kinda like, 'Yeah, I'm fat. You know, I'm nice, I'm funny, I'm cute — so who cares?' You know, she asked him out, and he said no, but she didn't really know why. And in that moment she's like, 'Oh, that is what this is all about. You think being fat is terrible.' That's when it clicks for her, like, 'Oh, you're not as great as I thought you were.'"

Reception

Viewers
In its original American broadcast, "So Did the Fat Lady" was seen by an estimated 0.81 million household viewers with a 0.4 in the 18-49 demographics. This means that 0.4 percent of all households with televisions watched the episode. This was a 11% decrease in viewership from the previous episode, which was watched by 0.91 million viewers.

Critical reviews
"So Did the Fat Lady" received extremely positive reviews from critics. Matt Fowler of IGN gave the episode a "great" 8.5 out of 10 and wrote in his verdict, "'So Did the Fat Lady' was a funny, memorable episode of Louie, that played with both genuine emotions and satire. Just look at comedian Jim Norton's heightened reaction of repulsion to Vanessa and then look at comedian Dave Attell's sweet and real reaction to her later on where he gave her a genuine hug and wasn't shy about being friendly and flirty with her. Perhaps a vast difference between the self-confidence of the two performers, though Norton's moment meant to be more of a grim, comedic beat. Sarah Baker was wonderful in this episode as a confident, self-professed non-fan of comedy who pretty much filled her entire speech pattern with disarming one-liners."

Alan Sepinwall of HitFix wrote, "If this is going to be the last standalone episode for a while, it was an awfully good one, as both an education of Louie piece and a showcase for guest star Sarah Baker." Erik Adams of The A.V. Club gave the episode an "A" grade and wrote, "If much of what's forming season four is what's going on in Louie's head, the coda of 'So Did The Fat Lady' places us squarely within that head, letting us see with Louie's eyes and hear with Louie's ears. But that's only part of it, because the camera's mobile, giving us a chance to look at Louie from Vanessa's perspective or pulling away to put us in the shoes of the theoretical people 'standing over there,' looking at Louie and Vanessa. And the neat trick of the whole thing is that even as the show works from the headspace of its creator, it still has the capacity to speak in many voices."

Danielle Henderson of Vulture gave the episode a perfect 5 star rating out of 5 and wrote, "I mostly liked this episode, but it got a little heavy-handed at the end. Not all of us fat girls have a secret speech stored inside of us, or are content to replace the possibility of love with the immediacy of hand-holding. I like that Louie grabbed Vanessa's hand, but I hate that he did it to shut her up." Jake Cole of Slant Magazine wrote, "The self-contained nature of each episode likely means this lesson will stick with Louie about as well as Rick Crom's dignified takedown of Louie's 'ironic' use of homophobic slurs, but for the time being, 'So Did the Fat Lady' stands out as one of the show's high-water marks."

Joe Matar of Den of Geek gave the episode a 4.5 rating out of 5 and wrote, "on the whole, the stuff I mentioned notwithstanding, I believed in Vanessa as a person and Louie as a person and that this was a time in these people's lives where they had a bit of connection and Louie acted kind of like a dick, but ended up learning something from her. It was a solid Louie short film." Paste gave the episode a 6 out of 10 and wrote, "Here, Louis C.K. wanted to write a message, but instead of just typing it up on Twitter, he told it in a 22-minute television spot on FX and showed absolutely no respect for his audience. Rather than the joke, I would've preferred it if the episode ended with a 'The More You Know' tag."

Accolades
For the episode, Louis C.K. was nominated for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards. He would later win, marking the second time he would win the award.

References

External links

2014 American television episodes
Louie (American TV series) episodes
Television episodes directed by Louis C.K.
Television episodes written by Louis C.K.

So Did the Fat Lady