Elin Eugenia Pikkuniemi, born 15 August 1895 Vojakkala, Sweden, dead 7 May 1988 in Trönö, Sweden, was a Swedish cross-country skiier and a primary schoolteacher.

She was referred to as the "first skiing queen of Sweden". She was one of the most successful female Swedish cross-country skiers during the late 1910s and early 1920s. She competed for IFK Haparanda, winning five 10 kilometers Swedish national championships between 1918 and 1922. During the late 1920s she competed for Järla IF During the 1930s she competed for Hietaniemi SK.

During the Swedish Sports Confederation's 50th anniversary in 1953, Svenska Dagbladet hosted a voting over Sweden's greatest sportspeople, where circa 500 readers voted, chosing between 150 sportspersons. Among them were Elin Pikkuniemi as the only female.

References

1895 births
1988 deaths
Swedish skiers

Elin Pikkuniemi


Emma Brockes (born 1975) is a British author and a contributor to The Guardian and The New York Times. She lives in New York.

Biography
The daughter of a South-African-born mother, Brockes read English at St Edmund Hall, Oxford University, graduating in 1997 with a first. At Oxford, she was editor of the student newspaper Cherwell  and won the Philip Geddes prize for journalism for her work.  She worked briefly as feature writer on The Scotsman, before joining The Guardian in 1997. She has been recognised by the British Press Awards three times, winning the "Young Journalist of the Year" award in 2001 and the "Feature Writer of the Year" award in 2002. She was nominated as "Interviewer of the Year" in 2006.

In 2005, an interview by Brockes in The Guardian was described by its subject Noam Chomsky as a "scurrilous piece of journalism". The Guardian later withdrew the article from the website, acknowledging "Ms Brockes's misrepresentation of Prof Chomsky's views on Srebrenica", and offering "an unreserved apology to Prof Chomsky" for Brockes's suggestion that Chomsky denied Srebrenica to be a massacre.

An external ombudsman review determined that the "Readers' Editor was right to conclude that an apology and correction was deserved", though adding that "the removal of the original interview from the website was unnecessary and over responsive", a view that Chomsky himself shared. The text of the original can now be found on Chomsky's official website.

Brockes's first book, What Would Barbra Do?, was published in 2007. The New York Times Book Review responded: "Spirited, articulate and utterly devourable ... If I could offer [Brockes] any advice, it would be ... to write as many books on as many subjects as she can, as fast as is reasonably possible." Another book She Left Me the Gun: My Mother's Life Before Me (London: Faber) appeared in 2013 and which featured as BBC Radio 4's Book of the Week.

She is now a freelance writer, but continues to write profiles of major public figures for The Guardian, as well as contributing her own work to The New York Times and other publications.

References

External links
 Emma Brockes profile at The Guardian
 Emma Brockes website

1975 births
Living people
Alumni of St Edmund Hall, Oxford
English people of South African descent
English biographers
English journalists
The Guardian journalists
British republicans

Emma Brockes


The Brouwersdam is the seventh structure of the Delta Works in the Netherlands. Brouwersdam forms a barrier across the former estuary known as the Brouwershavense Gat. As a result, the area of water became known as the Grevelingenmeer.

Construction

The Grevelingendam between Goeree-Overflakkee and Schouwen-Duiveland was completed in 1965. The Gravelingen south of Goeree-Overflakkee were still connected to the North Sea. The storm surge could therefore be higher here, so dykes were raised on the south side of the island in 1965. Construction of the Brouwersdam was begun immediately after the Gavelingendam was completed in order to shorten the period of higher flood. After more than six years, in the spring of 1971, the dam was finished. Between 1964 and 1971 there had been some very high water levels. In November 1966 the water was just a few centimeters below the level of the infamous floods of February 1, 1953.

Construction of the six-kilometer long dam was begun in 1962. The inlet between Goeree-Overflakke and Schouwen-Duiveland was 30 meters deep. As with other dams, caissons with holes were lowered, allowing the tides to go through during the construction of the dam. This avoided creating too strong a current in the narrowing gap. This method was used for the northern gap at De Kous.

Besides the caissons for the Southern  gap, the Brouwershavense Gat, a cableway was used. From the cableway, large blocks of concrete were dropped in the trench, on top of which sand was sprayed. This constructed two large sandbars. The local channel was too deep and the water flowed too fast for the caissons method. After all the caissons were lowered, all the gaps were plugged.

The Brouwersdam was finished in 1971. Following the completion of the Gravelingen the fall in water level exposed about 3,000 hectares of dry land. The road to the dam (National Highway 57 ) was commissioned on March 30, 1973. Later another passage lock, the Brouwerssluis, was installed in the dam and was completed on 1 June 1978 .

Activities

Halfway through the dam is a marina and the holiday park, Port Zélande . In the area water sports such as kite-surfing and windsurfing are popular.

The Rijdend Tram Museum Foundation operates a route from Ouddorp (Punt de Goeree), via Port Zélande, to Scharendijke using historic stock from the Rotterdamse Tramweg Maatschappijt.

The three-day "Concert at Sea" music festival has been held annually since 2006 at the Brouwersdam.

References

Dams in Zeeland
Dams in South Holland
Dams completed in 1971
Delta Works

Brouwersdam


Louis Joseph Xavier François (22 October 1781 – 4 June 1789) was Dauphin of France as the second child and first son of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. As son of a king of France, he was a fils de France ("Child of France"). Louis Joseph died aged seven from tuberculosis and was succeeded as Dauphin (and thus heir-apparent) by his four-year-old brother Louis Charles.

Biography
Louis Joseph Xavier François de France was born at the Palace of Versailles on 22 October 1781. He was named after his maternal uncle, Joseph II. The newborn was the long-awaited Dauphin, his father's heir to the throne of France, as Salic Law, which excluded women from acceding to the throne, applied to his elder sister, Marie Thérèse Charlotte, Madame Royale. The birth of Louis Joseph put an end to the hopes of his uncle, the comte de Provence, of succeeding his brother Louis XVI.

His private household was created upon his birth. He was under the care of Victoire de Rohan, the Governess of the Children of France, until she was replaced in 1782 by Yolande de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac, one of his mother's favourites. His sous-gouverneur was the Maréchal de camp Antoine Charles Augustin d'Allonville. His wet nurse was Geneviève Poitrine, who was later accused of transmitting tuberculosis to the young Dauphin.

Louis Joseph was very close to his sister and to his parents, who watched attentively over his education. He was always praised for being a very bright child for his age; however, it soon became apparent that he was of fragile health.

Illness

Around April 1784, when he was three years old, Louis Joseph had a series of high fevers. Out of fear for his health, he was transported to the Château de La Muette where the air was reputed to have healing properties. The time spent at La Muette seemed to have helped Louis Joseph recover, and almost a year later, in March 1785, he returned there and was inoculated against smallpox. However, his health remained fragile.

In 1786, the fevers returned, but his household regarded them as being of no importance. These fevers, however, were the first signs of tuberculosis. In the same year, Louis Joseph's education was turned over to men, as was customary for the sons of the kings of France. At the ceremony, it was noted that Louis Joseph had trouble walking, which was in fact caused by a curvature of the spine – something which was treated through the use of metal corsets. By January 1788 the fevers grew more frequent and the disease progressed quickly.

Louis Joseph died at the Château de Meudon on 4 June 1789, aged seven and a half, during the Estates General. He was buried on 13 June in a simple ceremony at the Basilica of St Denis. On 10 August 1793, on order of the National Convention during the Reign of Terror, his tomb was desecrated, together with those of the kings and queens of France, members of the royal family, high dignitaries, and abbots.

At the death of Louis Joseph, the title of Dauphin passed to his younger brother Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy (1785–1795), who died during the French Revolution, at the Temple prison in Paris.

Legacy

Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in which Harrisburg is located, is named after him. The Pennsylvania legislature, meeting in Philadelphia in 1785, named the newly formed county northwest of Lancaster and north of York to thank France for helping the United States win her independence from the British Empire. Within the county, the borough of Dauphin, so named when it was incorporated in 1845, is thus indirectly also named for him.

Ancestry

References

Bibliography
History of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania Historical Commission, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

External links

|-

Princes of France (Bourbon)
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Louis-Joseph of France, Prince
1781 births
1789 deaths
French Roman Catholics
Tuberculosis deaths in France
Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
Dauphins of France
Children of Louis XVI
Royalty who died as children
Sons of kings

Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France


Thales's theorem is a theorem (rule) in geometry. It says that if three points, , , and  are on a circle where  is a diameter (a straight line from one end of the circle to another, through the middle), the angle  is a right angle of 90 degrees. This is a special case of the inscribed angle theorem.

Theorems in geometry
Angles

Thales's theorem


Catherine Leigh Osterman (born April 16, 1983) is a retired American softball player. Osterman pitched on the United States women's national softball team that won the gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and silver medal at the 2008 and 2020 Summer Olympics.

She was a collegiate four-time All-American and six-time professional All-Star. She completed her college eligibility in 2006 at the University of Texas at Austin, where she was a starting pitcher for the Longhorns since 2002. Osterman holds the Big 12 Conference pitching Triple Crown for her career wins, ERA, and strikeouts, as well as shutouts, no-hitters, WHIP, and perfect games; she also holds the NCAA Division I record for strikeout ratio (14.34).

In the National Pro Fastpitch, Osterman was drafted first overall and is the career leader in strikeout ratio (10.90) and no-hitters (6). She is also one of NCAA's five pitchers to strikeout 1,000 batters with 100 wins, an ERA of under 1.00, and averaging double digit strikeouts. She was a member of the independent "This Is Us" team. In May 2020, she joined and eventually won the inaugural championship in the Athletes Unlimited Softball league as the top individual points leader. Osterman was also named No. 3 Greatest College Softball Player and the No. 1 pitcher in NCAA history.

Early years
She started playing softball in first grade before quitting to play soccer and basketball. Osterman found her way back to the diamond in fifth grade, when she was filling in as a backup pitcher for a little league team.

Osterman was born in Houston, Texas to parents Gary and Laura Osterman. Her younger brothers are Craig and Chris. She attended Cypress Springs High School in Cypress, Texas from 1997 to 2001, where she set several records on the school's softball team.

In 2001, she struck out 33 batters in a 14-inning 1–0 shutout over Cy-Fair High School. The performance ranked 16th on the list of strikeouts in a single game. As such, she set a national record for strikeouts in a game less than 20 innings, beating Jenny Stallard's previous record of 31 in 19 innings in 1978; she also set a national record for strikeouts in a 14-inning game, breaking Michele Granger's former record of 31 in 1985.

University of Texas

2002: Freshman year
Osterman was named a National Fastpitch Coaches' Association Second Team All-American. She was also named Big 12 Conference First Team, Big 12 Freshman of the Year and Big 12 Pitcher of the Year. She broke and set UT single-season records for wins (led the NCAA), innings pitched, games started, shutouts, strikeouts, strikeout ratio (led the NCAA) and appearances. Currently only her inning pitched and games started remain top season records from this year. Her freshman ERA was and is a top-5 school record. Osterman also set the UT single-game record for innings-pitched (14) and single game strikeouts. She also tied the UT single-season record for complete games.

Osterman debuted on February 6, tossing six shutout innings, allowing two hits and fanning 11 of the Texas A&M–Corpus Christi Islanders. In a March 20 no-decision against the Texas State Bobcats, she struck out 24 in over 10-innings for a career best. That game also was and is a top-5 NCAA record for combined strikeouts at 34, which she shares with Nicole Neuerburg and tied Osterman fourth for an individual pitcher's total in a single game all-time.

Osterman became the first UT freshman to be named Big 12 Conference Pitcher of the Week, for the week of February 19, in which she threw two no-hitters. The first, a 3–0 win over the Utah Utes on February 13 and then a 4–0 win over the Texas State Bobcats on February 15. They were only the third and fourth no-hitters by a UT freshman, and Osterman became only the second Longhorn pitcher to accomplish the feat, along with Natalie King in 2001. She also threw the first perfect game in UT history in a game against Stephen F. Austin State Lumberjacks on February 26. She proceeded to throw two more in her freshman season to match and set two all-time NCAA Freshman Class records for season no-hitters (5) and perfect games (3), the latter record has since been surpassed.

2003: Sophomore year
Osterman repeated honors as an All-American, now a First Team selection, as well as Big 12 "Pitcher" and "Female Athlete" of The Year. She also earned her first USA Softball Collegiate Player of the Year award. Osterman threw 4 no-hitters and a perfect game, while breaking her own UT records for ERA, shutouts and strikeout ratio (all-time NCAA Sophomore Class record), of which she also led the NCAA in, except shutouts; the strikeout ratio was a new NCAA season record. She also tied her own shared record for complete games and posted career records in wins (68), shutouts (35), strikeouts (1,042), and opponents-batting-average (.105).

From April 22 – May 22, she pitched a career high and UT record 65 consecutive scoreless innings. The streak began with a win against the Texas A&M Aggies and was broken in a 3–2 win over the ULL Ragin' Cajuns; the streak ran over 12 games (7 complete) and 11 wins and included 115 strikeouts, 16 hits and 9 walks. Osterman is so far the second pitcher in NCAA history to strike out 1,000 batters in only two seasons and in that very same game on May 22, during the Women's College World Series vs. the ULL Ragin' Cajuns, she struck out 11 to reach the milestone. Osterman also is noted for just needing over 500 innings pitched to get into the club, the fewest of any NCAA Division I pitcher.

With that win, Osterman and the Longhorns the next day advanced to meet the California Golden Bears, whom Osterman shutout with 17 strikeouts to tie Lisa Ishikawa's WCWS record for a single game performance. In a doubleheader on the 25, the Longhorns lost to the UCLA Bruins in back-to-back games and were eliminated. Osterman was named to the All-Tournament Team for her efforts.

2004: XXVIII Olympiad
Osterman redshirted from UT to participate with fellow college softball pitcher Jennie Finch in the Olympic Games in Athens.

Aiming for Athens
Osterman went undefeated in 24 appearances during the USA Softball National Team's 53-game schedule. On February 20, she struck out 9 batters in four perfect innings and combined with Finch for a no-hitter. On May 17, she struck out 7 of 9 batters over three innings, after which Finch struck out the final six batters in a row to combine for a perfect game and defeat the Sonic Stars, 10–0. On July 10, she struck out 13 batters over 5-innings for another no-hitter, this time missing perfection on a lone error by first-baseman Stacey Nuveman in a 16–0 win over the Fort Worth All-Stars.

Olympic Games
Osterman picked up two wins and a save in the Olympiad. She followed Finch and Lori Harrigan of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas by striking out the final two batters in Team USA's 7–0 victory over Italy on August 14; she gave up one hit and struck out 11 batters over 8-innings in Team USA's 3–0 victory over Japan on August 16; and she gave up one hit and four walks while striking out 10 batters over 6-innings in Team USA's 3–0 victory over Chinese Taipei on August 20. Her 23 strikeouts led Team USA.

Return to the University of Texas

2005: Junior year
Osterman received her second First Team All-American citation and repeated honors from the Big 12 and USA Softball. She also added the Honda Sports Award for softball that year as well. Osterman was named the 2005 Sportswoman of the Year (in the team category) by the Women's Sports Foundation. She also topped her previous UT single-season records for ERA (career best), strikeouts, strikeout ratio (all-time NCAA Junior Class record), shutouts, opponents batting average and complete games. The opponents BA remains the school record and Osterman again led the NCAA in ERA and strikeout ratio in addition; the ratio was another new all-time record. Finally, she set Big 12 records in ERA, strikeouts and opponents batting average, of which only the strikeouts has been surpassed. She finished the season at third place on the all-time NCAA single-season strikeout list.

Osterman threw 6 no-hitters (an NCAA top-5 season record) and three more perfect games (another NCAA top-3 and Junior Class season tying record) while setting a career best WHIP. Osterman was and is still the only pitcher to have two three perfect game seasons, including 2002. On February 27, Osterman combined with Anjelica Selden of the UCLA Bruins to strike out 31 batters in an 8-inning win for the Longhorns. She also struck out 20 or more batters in four separate games, one of which came on March 17 vs. the No. 1 Arizona Wildcats; Osterman struck out 23 in a 10-inning shutout. The game tied her combination strikeouts record of 34, this time with Alicia Hollowell.

Beginning on March 4, the Longhorn posted a career best 24.2 consecutive hitless innings when she surrendered a first-inning hit to the Evansville Purple Aces to open a three-game series before shutting them down for the rest of the game. The next day, Osterman threw the final 1.2 innings by striking out all batters faced in an eventual win for the Aces. On March 9, Osterman struck out her 1,200th batter to tie Lisa Ishikawa of Northwestern University for 10th place on the NCAA all-time strikeout list; the victory was also her sixth career perfect game. On March 11, she moved past Ishikawa and passed Jocelyn Forest of the University of California, Berkeley to take ninth place with a second consecutive no-hitter against the UTEP Miners. Finally, on March 14, Osterman came on in relief vs. the UCLA Bruins and retired the first five batters before the streak ended with a sixth-inning leadoff single. Overall, Osterman allowed only two walks and struck out 64 batters in four wins over 5 games during the streak.

On March 15, she reached 1,229 to surpass Amanda Renfro of Texas Tech for eighth place; on March 17, she passed Shawn Andaya of Texas A&M to take seventh place. On March 23, she struck out her 1,291st batter, passing Sarah Dawson of the University of Louisiana at Monroe for sixth place. On March 25, Osterman became the sixth NCAA Division I pitcher to strikeout 1,300 batters. On April 6, she passed Danielle Henderson for fifth place on the NCAA all-time strikeout list; on April 10, she struck out 7 in 3.1 innings to surpass Britni Sneed for fourth place. On April 13, she passed Nicole Myers to take third place; on April 16, she struck out 13 in a 3–2 win over the University of Missouri to become the third member of the 1,400-strikeout club (along with Michele Granger and Courtney Blades). Later she would again whiff 24 to match her own school record vs. the Texas Tech Red Raiders and along with Erin Crawford combined for another 31 strikeouts on April 26. On May 12, she crested the 1,500-strikeout plateau; on June 3, she broke the 1,600-strikeout mark.

On June 2, Osterman opened her WCWS by matching her shared record with 17 strikeouts vs. the Alabama Crimson Tide. The team eventually lost to the UCLA Bruins on June 5, who in turn lost to the eventual champions the Michigan Wolverines, to whom the Longhorns had also lost to earlier in the tournament. Osterman and Alicia Hollowell set a new WCWS record for combined strikeouts at 30 in their 11-inning battle; Osterman was named All-Tournament.

2006: Senior year
Osterman earned honors for a final time from the NFCA, Big 12 and USA softball. Again Osterman also collected her second Honda Award. She broke and set her final set of Longhorn records in wins, strikeouts, shutouts and strikeout ratio (all-time NCAA Senior Class record), all were career highs. Osterman became one of the first pitchers to have three 500-strikeout seasons to her credit. For a fourth time in her career, Osterman led the NCAA in ERA and strikeout ratio, setting a new all-time season record in the latter category at 15.4. These would help her to a Big 12 pitching Triple Crown for the best in wins, ERA and strikeouts for that year.

Osterman pitched 5 no-hitters (NCAA top-5 season record) and opened the season with six consecutive shutouts, including an opening day no-hitter and a 16–0 romp over the Oklahoma Christian Lady Eagles. On February 11 she won her 100th career game, 3–0, against the Northwestern Wildcats in shutout fashion. On February 16, she struck out 13 Oklahoma Christian Lady Eagles batters to bring her career total to 1,708, making her just the second pitcher in NCAA history to reach the 1,700 plateau. Later she also struck out 20 batters in a 7-inning, 5–1 win over the UTSA Roadrunners on February 21 (the Senior Class record for a regulation game), which is tied second most in NCAA history and her career best at Texas for a regulation game.

On February 25, Osterman struck out 6 Fresno State Bulldogs batters in a 7–2 win and then proceeded to strike out 7 batters in a 4–0 victory over the UNLV Rebels, bringing her career strikeout total to 1,774 to surpass Courtney Blades as the all-time NCAA Division I leader. The next day, Osterman defeated the No. 1 Arizona Wildcats in an 18-strikeout, three-hit shutout to hand them their first loss. On March 1, she struck out 15 batters in a 5–1 win over the UTA Mavericks to bring her career total to 1,807, making her the first pitcher in NCAA Division I history to reach the 1,800 watershed.

Osterman recorded her 109th career win over the UTA Mavericks to tie Jessica Sallinger for 16th on the NCAA all-time career wins. On March 3, she recorded her 110th career win over Ole Miss Rebels to pass Salinger and tie Jenny Voss for 15th place; the next day, she recorded her 111th career win over the Houston Cougars to pass Voss and tie Samantha Iuli at 14th place. In a win over the Washington Huskies on March 16, Osterman combined with Danielle Lawrie for 32 strikeouts in regulation, then the highest combined total in the NCAA for a single 7-inning game.

On March 17, Osterman struck out 13 Michigan Wolverines batters in her first loss of the season (following 17 consecutive wins) to become the first pitcher in NCAA Division I history to enter the 1,900 Strikeout Club. On March 19, she threw her second win (third of her career) over the No. 1 Arizona Wildcats in 9-innings, allowing a hit and whiffing 19. On April 5, she struck out 5 Texas A&M Aggies batters to become the first pitcher to enter the 2,000 Strikeout Club; her milestone strikeout was against leadoff third-baseman Jamie Hinshaw. On April 29, Osterman struck out 16 Oklahoma State Cowgirls batters to become the first pitcher to enter the 2,100 Strikeout Club; on May 26, she struck out 16 Washington Huskies to become the first pitcher to enter the 2,200 Strikeout Club.

On March 16, Osterman recorded her 114th career win to tie Shawn Andaya for 13th place on the NCAA all-time list. On March 18, Osterman recorded her 115th career win over Notre Dame Fighting Irish to pass Andaya and tie Jennifer Stewart and Shelley Laird for 12th place; the next day, she recorded her 116th career win over the Arizona Wildcats to pass the two and tie Kristin Schmidt and Debby Day for 11th place.

On March 22, Osterman recorded her 118th career win—over the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets—to tie Jamie Southern for 10th place on the NCAA all-time list. On March 25, she recorded her 119th career win over the Nebraska Cornhuskers to pass Southern and tie Jennie Finch, Brooke Mitchell and Michele Granger for ninth place. On March 29, Osterman recorded her 120th career win to pass them and tie Britni Sneed and Sarah Dawson for eighth place on the all-time list.

On April 14 and April 15, Osterman recorded her 124th and 125th career wins over the Oklahoma Sooners to tie and then pass Nancy Evans for sixth place on the all-time list. On April 29 and April 30, she recorded her 129th and 130th career win over the Oklahoma State Cowgirls to tie UCLA Bruins pitcher Keira Goerl for fifth place on the all-time list.

On June 1, Osterman recorded her 136th and final NCAA career win, finishing in sixth place on the all-time list. In the win, Osterman struck out 18 Arizona State Sun Devils to set a new WCWS 7-inning game record; she also brought her season total to 608, passing Monica Abbott's 2005 strikeout total for second place on the single-season strikeouts list, 33 behind Courtney Blades's all-time record. The win was also her 85th NCAA career shutout, putting her in second place behind Michele Granger's career record 94 shutouts. Osterman's NCAA career hopes for a World Series championship ended on June 3; following a 2–0 loss to the Arizona Wildcats on June 2, she lost her second game in a row, 2–0 again, to the Bruins (who had ended the Longhorns run for a championship in 2003 and 2005).

Osterman ended her career with school records in wins, strikeouts, ERA, WHIP, innings pitched, shutouts, strikeout ratio and opponents batting average. She continues to hold the crown for all categories. Osterman claims the Big 12 records for all the same categories minus the innings pitched and opponents batting average. Finally, she owns the ratio record for the NCAA Division I and is top-10 in wins (6th), strikeouts (2nd), shutouts (3rd), WHIP (2nd), perfect games (2nd) and no-hitters (3rd).

Post-collegiate career
On July 2, 2006, Osterman threw a 12–0 no-hitter against the Arizona Heat in the USA Softball Exhibition, missing the perfect game by walking Kaleo Eldridge. She struck out 12 Heat batters, catching every batter at least once.

On July 17, 2006, Osterman won the championship game of the 2006 World Cup by beating Team Japan 5-2, giving up two runs on two hits and a walk while striking out 11 batters. She recorded two wins in the tournament, striking out 21 batters in 14-innings of work over three games (including two complete games, and a 9–0 shutout against Team Australia).

On August 28, Osterman made her television broadcast debut when she was the color commentator for ESPN2's broadcast of the National Pro Fastpitch championship and all-star games.

In 2007, Osterman appeared sparingly on ESPNU broadcasts as a color commentator for certain college softball games, including the game in which Monica Abbott surpassed her own career strikeout record.

Professional career
On February 15, 2006, Osterman was the first overall pick in the National Pro Fastpitch (NPF) softball league draft.  She was chosen by the Connecticut Brakettes. The Brakettes were formerly known as the Stratford Brakettes of the Amateur Softball Association. However, even though Osterman had been on their amateur roster for the five seasons prior to being drafted, she chose not to sign with them, making her officially a free agent on September 30. On December 19, 2006, the Rockford Thunder of the NPF announced that they signed Osterman to a contract for the 2007 season.  Per team policy, terms of the deal were not disclosed.

On May 29, 2007, Osterman pitched her professional debut, striking out 24 batters in a 12-inning, 1–0, win over the Chicago Bandits, which tied the league single game strikeout record. Opposing pitcher Jennie Finch struck out 17 to combine for another NPF record 41 strikeouts. In June 2007, Osterman went 3–2 with four complete games, striking out 69 batters in 36.2 innings, while giving up 5 runs on 16 hits and 8 walks. In July, Osterman took a leave from the Thunder to travel with the US National Team, returning to the NPF following the Women's Pan-Am Games. In August, Osterman went 1–4 with two complete games, striking out 57 batters in 33.2 innings, while giving up 10 runs on 14 hits and 21 walks.

In her rookie professional season, Osterman struck out 126 batters while walking 29, and surrendered 15 runs (12 earned) on 30 hits. She set a then league record with career best strikeout ratio of 12.5. She also had her first career no-hitter on August 26, 2007, over the New England Riptide, which got her team into the Cowles Cup Championship.

In 2009, Osterman set career bests in ERA and WHIP and from June 6-August 9 she had a career best shutout streak of at least 55 innings that was snapped by the USSSA Pride in a 7-0 loss. She accomplished a no-hitter on June 13 over the Akron Racers. She won the Cowles Cup Championship in shutout fashion on August 23, 2009. She was named an All-Star and MVP for her efforts.

After announcing her retirement, Osterman went on to have arguably her best season ever. She won the pitching Triple Crown (only the second pitcher ever to accomplish the feat) and simultaneously set then season records in both the wins and strikeouts categories. The pitcher also was named All-NPF and tossed two no-hitters, the first coming on June 11, 2013 where she struck out 14, giving up only three walks. On June 27, she tied another single game record by punching out 18 batters in a 7-inning 3-0 win also against the NY/NJ Comets.

Osterman pitched her team through to the Cowles Cup Championship on August 24, 2013. She got the save in the finale and threw a shutout and two wins en route to the title and an MVP award. The victories would start a career best win streak that would stretch into her final season.

For the 2014 season, Osterman was named Pitcher of the Year, earned her second consecutive pitching Triple Crown with a perfect season, extending her win streak to 18 straight games. On August 23 The Pride won the Cowles Cup championship, and she helped throwing two shutout wins resulting in back-to-back MVP awards on August 23. She also threw her fifth career no-hitter on July 5.

Osterman opened the 2015 season with three wins for 21 consecutive victories dating back to 2013, a career highlight. The Akron Racers broke through on June 22 with a 2-0 decision. For the streak, Osterman completed 149.0 innings and surrendered 63 hits, 11 earned runs and 40 walks while fanning 237 hitters for a 0.51 ERA and 0.69 WHIP. On July 10, 2015, Osterman pitched the sixth no-hitter of her NPF career, beating the Pennsylvania Rebellion 2-1.

On June 8, 2017, the  Pride announced that Osterman's jersey number 8 had been retired, commemorating it with a banner on the outfield fence. Osterman currently is tops in career strikeout ratio and no-hitters, while ranking second in ERA and strikeouts overall; the first pitcher to reach 1,000 career strikeouts.

US National Team
On July 11, Osterman threw a no-hitter in the 2003 Canada Cup, striking out 10 batters to defeat Team Canada, 8–0; on July 12, Osterman pitched her second no-hitter of the 2003 Canada Cup, striking out 16 of 24 batters to defeat the Stratford Brakettes, 5–0.

On August 15, Osterman threw a perfect game to win the Gold-Medal game of the 2003 Pan American Games against Canada 4–0, securing Team USA's fifth consecutive PanAm Gold Medal. She struck out 14 batters in a game that was delayed three-and-a-half hours due to rain.

On June 12, Osterman picked up the win in Team USA's Gold-Medal 9–0 victory over Australia in the 2005 International Sports Invitational; she gave up one hit and struck out ten batters over five innings.

Osterman continued to pitch for USA Softball Women's National team in 2007. In the Canada's Cup, she struck out 18 batters in 8-innings over four games from July 1–7 and gave up 1 run on three hits and four walks. In the World Cup, she struck out 21 batters in two complete game wins on July 13 and July 16, giving up four hits, two walks, and no runs.

In the Women's Pan-Am Games, Osterman threw a 5-inning no-hitter against Cuba on July 26, giving up just one walk and striking out 15. In the Japan Cup, she struck out 20 batters in 9-innings over three games from November 16–18, giving up three hits, one walk, and one unearned run.

2008: XXIX Olympiad

Bound 4 Beijing
Osterman went undefeated in 28 appearances during the USA Softball National Team's 60-game tour, contributing 15 wins to Team USA's 59–1 record. She struck out 247 batters in 116.2 innings, giving up 9 runs on 37 hits and 18 walks, and throwing 9 complete games.

On February 22, she struck out 7 batters in three perfect innings and combined with Abbott and Finch for a 9–0 no-hitter against the Palm Springs All-Stars. The next afternoon, she struck out 5 batters in two perfect innings to close out another 9–0 combined no-hitter with Finch against Florida Atlantic University, the first of two combined no-hitters for Team USA in the February 23 double-header.

On the 24th, Osterman struck out 7 batters in the final three innings of a combined perfect game; Abbott struck out 7 in the opening three innings of a 15–0 rout of Hawaii. On May 16, Osterman struck out 14 batters in a complete-game 13–0 no-hit victory over the Visalia All-Stars, missing the perfect game by hitting Lindsey Herrin with a pitch.

On July 10, Osterman struck out 22 batters in 9.1-innings, leading Team USA to a 31–0 victory over the Spokane All-Stars. She struck out 10 or more batters 11 times during the tour, and topped 15 strikeouts four times.

Olympic Games
On August 13, Osterman struck out 13 batters in a no-hitter against the Australian national team. She issued three walks in the 3–0 victory, which was Team USA's 16th consecutive Olympic win. The 7-inning no-hitter was just the second in U.S. Olympic history, following Lori Harrigan's 6–0 perfect game against Canada on September 17, 2000, and was Osterman's 100th game-played with the U.S. Women's National Team.

On August 15, following Team USA's 7–0 victory over Japan, Osterman pitched the final 4-innings of the suspended match against Canada, postponed from the previous day due to rain and lightning. Osterman struck out 8 batters and allowed one hit, enabling the line-up to mount a comeback for an 8–1 win, Team's USA's 18th consecutive victory and Osterman's second of the 2008 Games.

On August 18, Osterman pitched the first three innings of a 5-inning 9–0 win over China, giving up a hit, a walk, and hitting a batter, while striking out three. Osterman's third win of the tournament was Team USA's 21st consecutive Olympic victory.

On August 20, Osterman earned a save—her first for Team USA since the Athens Olympics—in a 9-inning 4–1 win over Japan. She inherited a runner from Abbott before retiring three batters for a perfect ninth to preserve the victory and advance to the Gold Medal Match, where Team USA faced Japan once again following Japan's 12-inning 4–3 win over Australia in the Bronze Medal Match.

On August 21, Osterman pitched the first 5 innings of a 3–1 loss to Japan in the Gold Medal Match, ending Team USA's winning streak at 22 consecutive games and clinching the silver medal of the 2008 Summer Games. The loss was Team USA's first since a 2–1 loss to Australia on 21 September 2000, and marks the first time in four Olympiads that the US National Team has failed to win the gold. Osterman gave up two runs on three hits while striking out 9 batters; the runs and the loss was the first in her Olympic career.

Return for the 2020 Summer Olympics
Osterman retired after the 2008 games. In 2018, she announced that should would be un-retiring once softball was reintroduced for the 2020 games. Osterman made the team for the 2019 season. She helped Team USA win a silver medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Osterman did not allow a run in 14 innings of work and won two games for Team USA. She started the gold medal game against Team Japan but eventually the team was defeated in a 2–0 loss on July 27, 2021.

Miscellaneous
Among her favorite athletes are fellow Texans Roger Clemens and Nolan Ryan, as well as NBA player Hakeem Olajuwon and actor/ director Kevin Costner. She was the first softball player to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated (the 7 October 2002 "America's Best Sports Colleges" issue), and made a second SI cover with the 2004 Olympic Gold Medal Softball team to become one of two softball players to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated twice.

In the bonus features of the "Bad News Bears" DVD, Billy Bob Thornton admits to having a crush on Cat Osterman.

Osterman is a spokesperson for Under Armour as well as having an endorsement contract and signature glove with Wilson.

In 2009, Osterman posed nude along with three of her Olympic teammates for the first annual The Body Issue of ESPN The Magazine.  Of the shoot, Osterman said that it was a "surprisingly emotional experience" and that "even though I was terrified on set at first, I'm glad I did it.  Sometimes it's necessary to push yourself to see what you are made of."

In 2012 Osterman was inducted into the Texas Sports Hall of Fame.

In 2014 Osterman signed on as an assistant softball coach at Texas State University.

Career statistics

Career records
 2,265 career NCAA Division I strikeouts (2nd all-time)
 14.34 NCAA strikeouts per 7 innings (1st all-time)
 3-time USA Softball Collegiate Player of the Year (2003, 2005, 2006) (1st all-time)
 136 career NCAA Division I wins (6th all-time)
 0.50 ERA NCAA NCAA Division I sub-1.00 ERAs
 85 career NCAA Division I shutouts (third all-time)
 25 career Big 12 Pitcher of the Week awards (1st all-time)
 20 career NCAA Division I no-hitters (third all-time)
 7 career NCAA Division I perfect games (2nd all-time)
 4-time Big 12 Pitcher of the Year (T-1st all-time)

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in softball
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in softball
Olympic softball players for the United States
People from Cypress, Texas
Softball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Softball players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Softball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Softball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Softball players from Texas
Sportspeople from Houston
Texas Longhorns softball players
Pan American Games medalists in softball
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States

Cat Osterman


The Curtiss XBT2C  was a prototype two-seat, single-engined dive/torpedo bomber developed during World War II for the United States Navy. Derived from the Curtiss SB2C Helldiver dive bomber, it was an unsuccessful competitor to meet a 1945 Navy specification for an aircraft to combine the roles that previously required separate types. Unlike the other competitors, the XBT2C was designed to accommodate a radar operator.

Design and development
In the 1930s and early 1940s, the Navy divided carrier-borne bombers into two types: the torpedo bomber and the dive bomber, each with crews of two or three men. Wartime experience showed that pilots could aim bombs and torpedoes without assistance from other crewmembers as well as navigate with the aid of radio beacons and the development of more powerful engines meant that faster aircraft no longer needed a rear gunner for self-defense. Furthermore, the consolidation of the two types of bombers greatly increased the flexibility of a carrier's air group and allowed the number of fighters in an air group to be increased.

Curtiss had been proposing changes to improve the Curtiss SB2C Helldiver two-seat dive bomber almost since the aircraft had entered production in 1942, but the Navy rejected those that might adversely impact production. The company submitted a proposal in August 1944 for a redesigned single-seat dive/torpedo bomber version of the Helldiver with the more powerful Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone radial engine to meet a competition for this class of aircraft, but this was rejected because it was not deemed a significant enough improvement to warrant interrupting production. Six months later Curtiss submitted a reworked proposal that included a bubble canopy, a streamlined fuselage and empennage, and carried a second crew member in the rear fuselage to operate the radar, which was mounted in a pod under the starboard wing. To speed development and ease production, the XBT2C retained much of the Helldiver's wing and fuselage structure.

The Navy issued Detail Specification SD-394A on 29 January 1945 for the XBT2C-1 that matching Curtiss' proposal and followed it up with a contract for ten prototypes the following month. Only nine aircraft were ultimately completed as the engine cowling, wings and empennage of the tenth aircraft was fitted to one of the Curtiss XSB2C-6 prototypes instead. Sharing about half of its parts with the Helldiver, construction of the first aircraft was relatively quick and it made its first flight on 7 August.

Description

Like the Helldiver the XBT2C was a low-wing monoplane with retractable conventional landing gear, although its more powerful R-3350 engine required a larger  propeller. Unable to alter the wheel wells that the aircraft inherited from the Helldiver, Curtiss used a telescoping oleo strut mechanism to provide the necessary additional length of the landing gear. The extra height of the landing gear would have increased the height of the aircraft so that it could no longer fit inside the hangars of the s with its wings folded until most of the wing tip outside the aileron was removed to reduce the height to . For comparison purposes, the Navy demanded a engine cooling fan, much like those used by various Japanese aircraft, be installed. Trials showed that the fan eliminated the need for the cowl flaps traditionally needed to cool the engine and its accessories.

The XBTC used the same fuel tanks as the Helldiver with the addition of  tanks. This increased the aircraft's total internal fuel supply to  divided between a  fuselage tank and interconnected wing tanks of  and 45-US-gallon capacity. All of the tanks were self-sealing. The XBTC could carry an additional  of fuel in three drop tanks. One could be fitted to the center shackle in the bomb bay and the others positioned on the main wing hardpoints.

The armament of the XBT2C consisted of two  autocannon in the inner wing panel, each with 200 rounds. The bomb bay contained seven shackles of which the center shackle could handle ordnance up to  in weight; when this was fully loaded, no other ordnance would be carried. It was designed to accommodate  semi-armor-piercing bombs, 2000-lb high-explosive bombs, a torpedo (such as the Mark 13) or the  Tiny Tim rocket. To avoid blast damage from the rocket exhaust, the Tiny Tims were dropped like a bomb; their motors only ignited when they fell far enough away to pull a lanyard attached to the aircraft. The shackle was flanked by two others that were rated for  bombs. All three of these shackles were provided with trapezes to swing the bombs clear of the propeller in a dive. The other four shackles could not be used in diving attacks and were limited to  apiece. The primary wing hardpoints between the landing gear and the wing-folding mechanism were stressed to carry weapons weighing up to 2,000 pounds. The outer wing panels were each provided with four smaller hardpoints rated at 260 pounds and could be used with rockets up to  in size or bombs. The XBT2C was limited to a total weight of external stores, including the wing pylons, to .

The compartment in the rear fuselage for the radar operator was fitted with a rear-facing seat, two small windows and a hatch in the side of the fuselage. He operated an AN/APS-4 search radar that had its transceiver and antenna housed in a streamlined pod on the starboard wing's primary hardpoint. It was designed as a surface-search radar, capable of detecting a ship at a range of , but had a limited capability to detect aircraft (). To balance aerodynamic drag on the aircraft, the port wing primary hardpoint usually carried a 100-US-gallon drop tank.

Evaluation and fates
The nine completed aircraft were delivered to the Navy over the course of 1946 where they were evaluated through 1947. The surviving documentation of the testing is incomplete, but the XBT2C-1 was judged inferior to the Douglas XBT2D during comparative torpedo dropping trials and less easy to maintain than the Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bomber. While the conclusion of the carrier-suitability report has not survived, one of its sections stated that landing trials revealed that performance with external stores "was critical from a power reserve standpoint" and that "the plane does not accelerate fast enough to climb more than a few feet and is unable to make the customary left turn to clear the flight deck" when given a late wave off by the landing signal officer. While their activities after the conclusion of testing are unknown, all were scrapped in the late 1940s.

Operators

 United States Navy

Specifications (XBT2C-1)

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

BT2C
Curtiss BT2C
Carrier-based aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1945

Curtiss XBT2C


Tana Moon is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is a Metropolis reporter who was Superboy's first love and introduced as part of the Reign of the Supermen storyline. Tana Moon first appeared in Adventures of Superman #501 and was created by Karl Kesel and Tom Grummett.

Fictional character history
When the young clone of Superman (later known as Kon-El) escapes from Project Cadmus, he goes to the Daily Planet. He tells his story to Lois Lane who brushes him off, thinking he was just another publicity hound. He sees Tana and is attracted to her. Superboy spots Tana leaving a building and sweeps her into the sky. He agrees to give her an exclusive after learning she is an anchorwoman for the Galaxy Network Broadcasting owned by Vincent Edge. Tana urges Superboy into more spectacular heroic feats and her own popularity rises as a result.

Eventually she parts ways from Superboy, as a way to gain acceptance and fame as her own woman, not only as the Superboy reporter. She finds him again when Superboy settles down in Hawaii. After a while they rekindled her professional relationship, which eventually blossomed into true love, even if strained by the lack of maturity of Superboy, who was always in pursuit of a more exciting life between battles and girls.

During her time in Hawaii, Tana comes to befriend several more people. Agent Rex Leech, Rex's daughter Roxy, the super-powered Dubbilex and Bibbo Bibbowski's white puppy named Krypto. Roxy's love for Superboy would turn out to be a long-running conflict.

Superboy split up with Tana while he and Knockout were on the run from the law. Knockout turned out to be an evil murderer. Superboy defeats her and returns to Tana. Unfortunately, Tana shortly thereafter gave crucial information to Amanda Spence, who was posing as a harmless reporter. The info helped Spence and the Agenda capture Superboy and create the clone Match.

Tana struggled to keep alive their love, which was further affected by the knowledge Superboy would never age. The conflict with Roxy was soon neutralized. In the process of saving him from an illness, Roxy and Superboy's DNA come close to being identical, making them all but siblings. They decide to leave their feelings for each other as platonic. Despite this, Tana leaves again, only to find herself embroiled in Superboy's battle with The Agenda. During the battle she is electrocuted by the vengeful Amanda Spence and dies. Tana's death marked the end of innocence for Superboy, leading him to a more responsible life.

Spence would later use Tana Moon's DNA and splice it with the DNA of Bart Allen in order to create Cherub of the DNAngels.

Superboy, temporarily in adult form, would later confront Spence. Enraged, he slams Spence downward. This fools her into believing she is going to perish. He stops her movement, leaving her head inches from the floor. He declares that since he must live with the knowledge of what might have been with him and Tana, Spence must live with the knowledge she could have perished at his hands.

Superboy would battle and subdue Spence at least one more time.

In other media
Tana Moon appears in the BBC radio drama adaptation of "The Death of Superman", "Funeral For a Friend", and "Reign of the Supermen!" storylines. It was released as "Superman: Doomsday and Beyond" in the United Kingdom by BBC Audiobooks and as "Superman Lives!" in the United States by Time Warner Audiobooks.

References

External links
 Tana Moon at DC Comics Wiki

Fictional reporters
Comics characters introduced in 1993
DC Comics female characters
Characters created by Karl Kesel
Fictional characters from Hawaii

de:Superboy#Tana Moon

Tana Moon


Princess Sela (active  400–420 A.D.) was a Norwegian pirate and one of the first known female pirates. Sela was a princess of Norway and the sister of the King Koller of Norway. The Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus described Sela as a "skilled warrior and experienced in rowing."

Stories say that Sela and her brother hated each other and when Koller became King, Sela decided to become a pirate. She attacked many ships in the North Atlantic ocean, amassing a reputation and a substantial amount of treasure.

Princess Sela's brother King Koller, decided that his rival, Horwendill, the former King of Jutland who turned to piracy, was receiving too much glory and had to be killed. Koller led his fleet into battle with Horwendil. Horwendil then killed Koller, and then later had to kill Sela, to end the war.

Princess Sela was active as a pirate from 400 A.D. to 420 A.D.

See also

 Women in piracy

References

Female sailors
Norwegian pirates
Norwegian princesses
Norwegian female pirates
Women in medieval European warfare

Princess Sela


Robert Charlebois, OC, OQ (born June 25, 1944) is a Québecois author, composer, musician, performer and actor.

Charlebois was born in Montreal, Quebec. Among his best known songs are Lindberg (the duo with Louise Forestier in particular), Ordinaire, Les Ailes d'un Ange and Je reviendrai à Montréal. His lyrics, often written in joual, are funny, relying upon plays on words. He won the Sopot International Song Festival in 1970.

In 1970 he sang with Italian singer Patty Pravo the Italian song La solitudine. In the same year, he performed at the Festival Express train tour in Canada, but did not appear on the documentary film.

In 1968, he had an acting role in Jean Pierre Lefebvre's film Straight to the Heart (Jusqu'au cœur). He co-starred with Terence Hill, Miou-Miou and Patrick McGoohan in the western Un genio, due compari, un pollo (A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe, 1975) as Steamengine Bill. Thirty-eight years later, Charlebois had a cameo as Jean-Seb Bigstone, the French-Canadian Broadway producer, in the 2012 Gad Elmaleh/Sophie Marceau film Happiness Never Comes Alone.

The Quebec-based microbrewery Unibroue was owned, in part, by Charlebois until it was purchased by Sleeman Breweries in 2004 which in turn was bought by Japanese beer brewing giant Sapporo in 2006.

Honours
In 1994, Charlebois received a Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement for his contribution to music in Canada.
In 1999, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2008, he was made an Officer of the National Order of Quebec.
Charlebois was one of the four musicians who were pictured on the second series of the Canadian Recording Artist Series issued by Canada Post stamps on July 2, 2009.
On June 21, 2010, Charlebois received an honorary doctorate from Concordia University in Montreal. In his acceptance speech he made the remark that this was the first post-secondary diploma he had received in his life.

Music in films
Between Salt and Sweet Water (Entre la mer et l'eau douce) (1967) by Michel Brault, with Geneviève Bujold, Claude Gauthier
Je T'aimerai Toujours (1969; TV Movie)
Two Women in Gold (Deux Femmes en or) (1970) by Claude Fournier, with Monique Mercure, Louise Turcot
A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe (1975) by Damiano Damiani, with Terence Hill, Patrick McGoohan
L'Agression (1975) by Gérard Pirès, with Jean-Louis Trintignant, Catherine Deneuve
 (1983) by Charles Nemes, with Thierry Lhermitte, Barbara Nielsen
 (1986) by Michel Drach, with Carole Laure, Jeanne Moreau
C.R.A.Z.Y. (2004) by Jean-Marc Vallée, with Michel Côté and Marc-André Grondin
Gabrielle (2013) by Louise Archambault, with Mélissa Désormeaux-Poulin and Alexandre Landry

Selected discography

 1965 – Volume 1
 1966 – Volume 2
 1967 – Demain l'hiver...
 1968 – Robert Charlebois avec Louise Forestier
 1969 – Québec Love
 1971 – Un gars ben ordinaire
 1971 – Le Mont Athos
 1972 – Fu Man Chu (aka Charlebois) (#51 CAN )(single Conception was #83)
 1973 – Solidaritude
 1974 – Je rêve à Rio
 1976 – Longue Distance
 1977 – Swing Charlebois Swing (featuring guitar by Frank Zappa on Petroleum)
 1979 – Solide
 1981 – Heureux en amour?
 1983 – J't'aime comme un fou
 1985 – Super Position
 1988 – Dense
 1992 – Immensément
 1996 – Le Chanteur masqué
 2001 – Doux Sauvage
 2010 – Tout est bien

References

External links
  http://www.robertcharlebois.com

  Article at thecanadianencyclopedia.ca

1944 births
Canadian rock singers
Canadian male singer-songwriters
Canadian singer-songwriters
French Quebecers
French-language singers of Canada
Living people
Officers of the National Order of Quebec
Officers of the Order of Canada
Musicians from Montreal
Sopot International Song Festival winners
Félix Award winners
20th-century Canadian male singers
21st-century Canadian male singers
Governor General's Award winners
20th-century Canadian singer-songwriters
21st-century Canadian singer-songwriters

Robert Charlebois


Zhabotinsky or Jabotinsky (Ukrainian: Жаботинський) is a masculine Ukrainian toponymic surname referring to the village of Zhabotin. Its feminine counterpart is Zhabotinskaya, Jabotinskaya, Zhabotinska or Jabotinska. Notable people with the surname include:

Anatol Zhabotinsky (1938–2008), Soviet Russian physicist
Eri Jabotinsky (1910–1969), Revisionist Zionist activist, Israeli politician and academic mathematician
Leonid Zhabotinsky (1938–2016), Soviet Ukrainian weightlifter
Ze'ev Jabotinsky (1880–1940), Revisionist Zionist leader, father of Eri

Ukrainian-language surnames

Zhabotinsky


Franciszek Ksawery Lampi, also known as Franz Xaver Lampi (22 January 1782 – 22 July 1852), was a Polish Romantic painter born in Austria of ethnic Italian background. He was associated with the aristocratic circle of the late Stanisław II Augustus, the last Polish king before the foreign partitions of Poland. Lampi settled in Warsaw around 1815 at the age of 33, and established himself as the leading landscape and portrait artist in Congress Poland soon after Napoleon's defeat in Russia.

Early life
Lampi was the son of renowned Italian historical painter Johann Baptist von Lampi the Elder from Romeno (b.1751) known as Jan Chrzciciel Lampi in Poland, who was invited to Warsaw by King Stanisław II August in 1786 when Franz (Franciszek) was 4 years old (or between 1788 and 1791, according to different source).

He was born in Klagenfurt, where his father worked on commissions for the Austrian court. He was the younger brother of Johann Baptist von Lampi (b.1775), also a portrait painter in the Lampi family; and was initially taught painting by his father, before entering the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna in the studios of Hubert Maurer and Heinrich Füger. When he was 15 years old, the Lampi family relocated to St. Petersburg in 1797 during the third and final partition of Poland, enticed by an extremely generous offer from the Tsar. Estranged from his father, and disinherited, Franciszek Lampi left St. Petersburg at the age of 32 after the Napoleonic Wars, and settled in Warsaw a year later in 1815. The already well-established reputation of his father in Poland as well as his own Polish childhood helped him blend into society.

Later career
He exhibited at Warsaw Salons in 1828, 1838, 1841 and 1845; and opened a small private art school in 1841.

Lampi painted mostly aristocratic portraits and specialized in the Romantic depictions of attractive women. What's more, he produced fantastic landscapes and seascapes inspired by the new intellectual forces of the Age of Enlightenment and the philosophical evolution of Romanticism in Poland. His art style was similar to the work of Italian Salvator Rosa and Claude Joseph Vernet of France. He gave art classes in his studio, but also traveled. In 1817–1819 he was teaching in Kraków. Among his most notable students were Wojciech Korneli Stattler and Piotr Michałowski.

In 1823 he went to Lublin on commission, in 1830 to Vilna. After the November Uprising against the Russian Empire he spent a few years in Wrocław (Breslau) before returning to Warsaw in 1836. In 1840 he visited Dresden, Berlin and Munich – known as Franz Xaver Ferdinand von Lampi in German.

In 1850 Lampi returned to Warsaw where he died in 1852 at the age of 70, said to have been a possible victim of the cholera outbreak.  His work can be found at the National Museum of Poland and its branches including Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań as well as in the Mykolas Žilinskas Art Gallery (Kaunas, Lithuania).

Selected paintings

Notes and references

External links

 Representative works at Zascianek.pl
 Franciszek Ksawery Lampi. Biography, at Artyzm.com

1782 births
1852 deaths
18th-century Austrian people
19th-century Austrian people
19th-century Polish painters
19th-century Austrian male artists
Polish romantic painters
Austrian romantic painters
Austrian nobility
Polish people of Austrian descent
Polish people of Italian descent
Artists from Klagenfurt
Polish male painters
Romantic painters

Franciszek Ksawery Lampi


The Atlanta, Stone Mountain and Lithonia Railway (ASM&L)  was a rock quarry railroad that began operations in 1909. A "common carrier" railroad it had lines connecting to the Georgia Railroad and primarily served granite and gneiss quarries at Lithonia and at Stone Mountain in DeKalb County. It operated 4 miles of track from Lithonia, Georgia, to a quarry near Rock Chapel, Georgia.

Notes on the line say it ran from "Lithonia to Georgia Railroad. Davidson Granite Company, Northeast of Lithonia".

Lines
The ASM&L had two lines on the north side of the Georgia Railroad in Lithonia. One connected to the "Big Ledge" quarry on the north side of Lithonia,  from the Georgia Railroad and the other on a route of about  to the quarries at Pine Mountain on the east side of Lithonia (on tracks that were formerly Pine Mountain Granite Company railroad).

On the south side of the Georgia Railroad, the ASM&L had a  line from Lithonia to the quarries at Arabia Mountain, a former Lithonia & Arabia Mountain Railroad opened ca. 1889.
At Stone Mountain, the ASM&L had a line from the Georgia Railroad around the north side of the mountain to the granite quarries on the eastern slope. It was constructed soon after the Civil War by a predecessor company.

Ownership and closing of lines
Ownership of the quarries included the Venable brothers and then Davidson Mineral Properties, Inc. of Lithonia, who became the owner of the railroad. The line was dropped due to competition from other quarries, trucks, alternatives to dimension stone, and the Great Depression. The Arabia Mountain line was abandoned in 1935 and the Stone Mountain quarry was acquired by the Works Progress Administration and run for another five years. The quarry tracks were taken up in 1942. Rail use continued at the Lithonia quarries on the north side of the Georgia Railroad for several more decades before being closed.

ASM&L gave up its charter as a railroad and merged into Davidson Mineral Properties on November 19, 1997, and the Pine Mountain line was pulled up leaving only the line into the Big Ledge quarry. The ASM&L's locomotive was moved to another Hanson quarry before being replaced for in-plant use by a Trackmobile. It is still operated by CSX.

Conversion to parkland and rail-trail
DeKalb County acquired  of Arabia Mountain from Davidson Mineral Properties to create a nature park in 1972. Recently, DeKalb County also converted part of the old Arabia Mountain rail right-of-way to a rail-trail. The first  section of this bike path opened on June 14, 2004.

References

Further reading

1888 predecessors to ASML Railway map
1921 map
1956 map

Defunct Georgia (U.S. state) railroads
Railway companies established in 1909
Railway companies disestablished in 1997


The Southwestern United States (called the American Southwest or simply the Southwest) is a portion of the country mostly considered located in the western region of the United States. It is warmer than the northern states and drier than the eastern states. Depending on the source, the area almost always includes Arizona and New Mexico, All or parts of Southern California, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado may also be trans-pecos "horn" of far western Texas. The nearby striped states may also be conidered part of this region, as may the trans-pecos "horn" portion of far western Texas. The striped states of California,Nevada, Utah, and Colorado are all also classified as part of the "West" by the United States Census Bureau, while Texas and Oklahoma are considered part of the "South" by the same Bureau(see "United States Census Bureau Regions and Divisions"). The Southwest is growing. Big cities in the area are Phoenix, Las Vegas, El Paso, Albuquerque, and Tucson. It is one of the fastest growing parts of the country.

The main parts of the Southwest are the ones that were in Santa Fe de Nuevo México and the New Mexico Territory.

Western United States

Southwestern United States


Twilight is the time of day before sunrise or after sunset.

Twilight may also refer to:

Arts, entertainment and media

Fictional characters
 Twilight (Marvel Comics), in the Marvel Comics X-Nation 2099 series
 Twilight, in the DP 7 comic book series
 Twilight, a persona of Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)
 Twilight, in the Milestone Comics superhero team Shadow Cabinet
 Twilight, a great grey owl in the Guardians of Ga'Hoole novel series by Kathryn Lasky
 Twilight, from Go! Princess Precure
 Twilight Sparkle, from My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
 Sophie Twilight, from Ms. Vampire Who Lives in My Neighborhood
 Twilight, the main character of the manga series Spy × Family

Film
 Twilight (1940 film), a German film by Rudolf van der Noss
 Twilight (1944 film), a French drama film directed by Marc Allégret
 Twilight (1945 film), a Mexican drama film directed by Julio Bracho
 Twilight (1969 film), a Cambodian film by King Norodom Sihanouk
 Twilight (1998 film), an American thriller by Robert Benton
 Twilight (2007 film), a.k.a. La Brunante, a Canadian drama film directed by Fernand Dansereau
 The Twilight Story, a 1960 Japanese film by Shirō Toyoda
 The Twilight Saga (film series), adapted from Stephenie Meyer's novels
 Twilight (2008 film), the first film in the series

Television
 "Twilight" (NCIS), 2005
 "Twilight" (Star Trek: Enterprise), 2003
 "Twilight", a 1989 episode of China Beach
 "Twilight", a 2008 episode of Di-Gata Defenders
 "Twilight", a 2003 episode of The Galaxy Railways
 "Twilight", a 1998 episode of Hercules: The Legendary Journeys
 "Twilight", a 1998 episode of Lexx
 "Twilight", a 2006 episode of Rescue Me
 "Twilight", a 2003 episode of Six Feet Under
 "Twilight", a 2003 episode of Justice League

Books
 Twilight (novel series), by Stephenie Meyer
 Twilight (Meyer novel), the first novel in the series
 "Twilight" (Campbell short story), by John W. Campbell, 1934
 Twilight (Cabot novel), in the Mediator series by Meg Cabot, 2004
 Twilight (Hunter novel), a 2007 Warriors: The New Prophecy novel by Erin Hunter
 Twilight (Wiesel novel), by Elie Wiesel, 1988
 Twilight: Where Darkness Begins, a 1980s series of teen horror novels
 Twilight, a novel by Brendan DuBois
 Twilight, a novel by Yosef Reinman, published under the pen name Avner Gold
 Twilight, a novella by Stefan Zweig, 1910

Comics

 Twilight (comic book), a 1990 DC Comics miniseries by Howard Chaykin and Jose Luis Garcia Lopez
 Twilight (Buffy comic), a 2010 story arc of the Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight series
 Twilight: The Graphic Novel, a 2010 2-part comic book miniseries by Young Kim
 Twilight, a "bad girl" comic from Avatar Press
 Twilight, a story arc of the Star Wars: Republic series

Music

Classical
 "Twilight" (Elgar), by Edward Elgar, based on the Gilbert Parker poem
 "Twilight" (Kancheli), a composition for two violins and chamber orchestra by Giya Kancheli

Bands
 Twilight (band), an American metal band
 Beyond Twilight, originally Twilight, a Danish progressive metal band
 Deathbound, originally Twilight, a Finnish death metal band

Albums
 Twilight (Blue System album), 1989
 Twilight (Bôa album) or the title song, 2001
 Twilight (Erben der Schöpfung album), 2001
 Twilight (Future of Forestry album) or the title song, 2007
 Twilight (Hale album), 2006
 Twilight (The Handsome Family album), 2001
 Twilight (The Suicide File album) or the title song, 2003
 Twilight (Twilight album), 2005
 Twilight (soundtrack), from the 2008 film
 Twilight as Played by The Twilight Singers or the title song, 2000
 Twilight, by Caroline Herring, 2001
 Twilight, by Corpus Delicti, 1993
 Twilight, a demo album by Leona Lewis

Songs
 "Twilight" (Cover Drive song), 2012
 "Twilight" (Electric Light Orchestra song), 1981
 "Twilight", by BZN, 1982
 "Twilight", by Antony and the Johnsons from Antony and the Johnsons, 2000
 "Twilight", by the Band from The Best of The Band, 1976
 "Twilight", by Bravehearts from Bravehearted, 2003
 "Twilight", by Delerium from Karma, 1997
 "Twilight", by Edge of Sanity from Purgatory Afterglow, 1994
 "Twilight", by Elliott Smith from From a Basement on the Hill, 2004
 "Twilight", by Fear, and Loathing in Las Vegas from Dance & Scream, 2010
 "Twilight", by God Is an Astronaut from The End of the Beginning, 2002
 "Twilight", by Loona from Kim Lip, 2017
 "Twilight", by Maze from Back to Basics, 1993
 "Twilight", by the Raveonettes from Pretty in Black, 2005
 "Twilight", by Safri Duo, 2008
 "Twilight", by Squirrel Nut Zippers from Hot, 1996
 "Twilight", by Thriving Ivory from Thriving Ivory, 2008
 "Twilight", by U2 from Boy, 1980
 "Twilight", by Unkle from War Stories, 2007
 "Twilight", by Vanessa Carlton from Be Not Nobody, 2002

Visual arts
 Twilight (painting), a 1981 painting by Odd Nerdrum
 Twilight, a series of photographs by Gregory Crewdson

Other uses in arts and entertainment
 Twilight (game developer), a defunct UK video game development group
 Twilight: 2000, a 1984 role-playing game
 Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992, a 1994 play by Anna Deavere Smith
 Project: Twilight, a 2001 audio drama based on the TV series Doctor Who

People
 Alexander Twilight (1795–1857), Vermont politician

Places
 Twilight, Pennsylvania, U.S.
 Twilight, West Virginia, U.S.
 Twilight, Ohio County, West Virginia, U.S.
 Twilight Bay, Antarctica
 Twilight Peak, a mountain in Colorado, U.S.

Other uses
 Twilight (1864 towboat)
 Twilight (warez), a former monthly Dutch warez disc compilation series
 Twilight anesthesia, an anesthetic technique
 Twilight Festival, in Columbia, Missouri, U.S.
 Twilight Criterium, a bicycle racing event in Athens, Georgia, U.S.

See also

 Twilight zone (disambiguation)
 Yugure (disambiguation)

Twilight (disambiguation)


Semba is a traditional type of music and dance from Angola. Semba means "a touch of belly buttons" - one of the most recognizable and entertaining movements in semba.

Characteristics
Semba is very much alive and popular in Angola today as it was long before that country's independence from Portugal in November 11, 1975. Various new Semba artists emerge each year in Angola, as they render homage to the veteran Semba masters, many of whom are still performing. Other styles related to Semba are Kizomba, Rebita, as well as Kazukuta and Kabetula which are primarily Carnaval Music.

The subject matter of Semba is often a cautionary tale or story regarding day-to-day life and social events and activities, usually sung in a witty rhetoric. Through Semba music an artist is able to convey a broad spectrum of emotions. It is this characteristic that has made Semba the premiere style of music for a wide variety of Angolan social gatherings. Its versatility is evident in its inevitable presence at funerals and, on the other hand, many Angolan parties.

Semba in modern music
Semba is the predecessor to a variety of music styles originated from Africa like kizomba and kuduro (or kuduru, energetic, fast-paced Angolan techno/house music, so to speak).

Barceló de Carvalho, the Angolan singer popularly known as Bonga, is arguably the most successful Angolan artist to popularize Semba music internationally; it generally being categorised as world music.

See also
Music of Angola

References

Angolan music
World music genres

Semba


Lieutenant-General Sir William Brereton  (29 December 1789 – 27 July 1864) was a British Army officer of the nineteenth century who served as colonel-commandant of the 4th Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery in the 1860s.

Family
Brereton was descended from the Cheshire family of Brereton of Brereton Hall, through the Irish branch, the Breretons of Carrigslaney, County Carlow, of whom some details were given by Sir Fortunatus Dwarris in Archæologia, vol. xxxiii., and in Mervyn Archdall's edition of Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, ii. 251. In a biographical notice he is described as a son of Major William Brereton, who fought at Culloden, and younger half-brother of Major-General Robert Brereton of New Abbey, County Kildare (formerly of 30th and 63rd regiments), and Lieutenant-Governor of St. Lucia, who died in 1818.

Early life and military career
Brereton was born in 1789, and entered the Royal Military Academy as a "Gentleman Cadet" in 1803, passing out on 10 May 1805 as a second lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, and gaining promotion to first lieutenant on 7 June 1806. He served in the Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns from December 1809 to June 1815, including the defence of Cádiz, where he commanded the guns at Fort Matagorda, the battle of Barrosa, where he was wounded, the Burgos retreat, the battles of Vitoria and the Pyrenees, the siege of San Sebastián, where he was temporarily attached to the breaching batteries, the battles of Orthez, Toulouse, Quatre Bras, and Waterloo. During the greater part of the time, he was one of the subalterns of the famous "H Troop" of the Royal Horse Artillery commanded by Major W. Norman Ramsay, with which he was severely wounded at Waterloo. He became a second captain on 5 November 1816, and was placed on half-pay the year after. On 23 January 1819, while still on half-pay, he was promoted to major. He was brought on full pay again in 1823, and, performed further varied service at home and in the colonies. He was invested as a Knight of the Royal Guelphic Order in 1837 and as a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1838. Brereton served as inspector-general of the Irish Constabulary between 1839 and 1843, being promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 17 August 1843.

He was then sent to China, where he was second in command under General George D'Aguilar in the 1847 punitive expedition to the Bocca Tigris, and at the capture of the city of Canton. He received promotion to colonel in November 1851. During the early part of the Crimean War, Brereton, who was then on the strength of the horse brigade at Woolwich, was present with the Black Sea fleet, as a guest on board , carrying the flag of his relative, Vice-Admiral Sir James Dundas, and directed the fire of her rockets in the attack upon the forts of Sevastopol on 17 October 1854.

He was appointed the Colonel Commandant of the Royal Artillery on 12 April 1864, and was promoted to major-general on 16 December the same year. He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1861.

Brereton, having had been promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general a few days before, died at his chambers in the Albany, London, on 27 July 1864, aged seventy-four. In his will, executed on 10 April 1850, and proved on 16 August 1864 (personalty sworn under £25,000), he left the sum of £1000, the interest to be applied in perpetuity to encourage the game of cricket among the non-commissioned officers of horse and foot artillery stationed at Woolwich.

Publications
 The British Fleet in the Black Sea, (1857?) privately printed
 Selections from Paixhans' Constitution Militaire de France, (1850) in the Proceedings of the Royal Artillery Institution., vol. i. (1857).

References

1789 births
1864 deaths
British Army lieutenant generals
British Army personnel of the Crimean War
British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
British military personnel of the First Opium War
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
Inspectors-General of the Royal Irish Constabulary
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Royal Artillery officers

William Brereton (British Army officer)


A Principal protected note (PPN) is an investment contract with a guaranteed rate of return of at least the amount invested, and a possible gain.

Although traditional fixed income investments such as guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and bonds provide investment security with little or no risk of capital loss, they provide modest returns. While stocks have the potential to deliver substantial returns, they do so at much greater risk.

Throughout the unpredictable and volatile market conditions that characterised the late 1990s and early 2000s, investors increasingly sought out new approaches to investing that offered both security and potential growth. Principal protected notes (PPNs) were introduced to the North American financial marketplace at that time.

Part of the structured products category, principal protected notes (also known as Guaranteed Linked Notes), can be linked to a broad range of underlying investments. These investments include indexes, mutual funds, baskets of mutual funds, baskets of stocks and even alternative offerings such as hedge funds.

At the heart of a PPN is a guarantee. Typically, PPNs guarantee 100% of invested capital, as long as the note is held to maturity. That means, regardless of market conditions, investors receive back all money they invested. In other words, at maturity, payout on the Note is the original principal plus any appreciation from the underlying assets (typically a mutual fund or group of funds, an index or basket of equities, and sometimes hedge funds or even commodities).

Principal protected notes may offer an array of benefits such as:

 100% principal protection
 high growth potential
 enhanced income potential
 weekly liquidity
 the opportunity to invest in a broad range of investments
 potential for leveraged returns
 capital protection regardless of what happens in the markets

Principal protected notes may offer disadvantages such as:

 opaque fee structure based on variables over the term of the investment
 payment only at maturation
 underlying investments that the average investor has no hope of understanding
 no prospectus, lack of information as to full details of underlying investment
 custom design causes difficulty in evaluating PPN vs. other PPNs or conventional investments
 lack of data showing how this type of investment has performed historically
 possibility of failure of underlying investments, resulting in loss of principal despite guarantees

Example
A common type of PPN is the stock plus option type. Its return equals  at maturity for underlying call options. Where  is a multiplication factor set in the contract,  is the stock price at maturity, and  is the option's strike price.

See also
Structured product

External links
 Advisors Asset Management - A public website that describes structured products and unit investment trusts and provides access to these investments.
 Structured Investments - A good explanation many PPN factors, including the typical combination of zero coupon bonds with index options.
The Structured Product LLC - A company focused exclusively on structured products, designed to educate investors as well as investment professionals on the benefits and risks of structured investments.
 UBS Structured Investments - A website that provides educational materials related to principally-protected notes and other structured investments as well as details on issuances of UBS Structured Investments.

References

Principal protected notes
Interest-bearing instruments

Principal protected note


Mark Roderick Vendrell Southern (3 March 1961 – 15 March 2006) was an Indo-Europeanist and professor of German and linguistics.

His research and teaching interests spanned the fields of Linguistics, Classics, Literature, Near Eastern Studies, and Religion.  He specialized in historical and Indo-European linguistics, language contact and sociolinguistics, Greek and Latin linguistics, the pre-Islamic Middle East, and Sanskrit.  He also commanded some competency in a wide range of languages, including Ancient Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, Hittite, Old Persian, Classical Armenian, Yiddish, Hebrew, Norse, Old English, Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Irish, Breton, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Russian.

Life and career

Southern was born in Cambridge, England, on 3 March 1961 to Eric and Elda (Moore) Southern, and distinguished himself early as a King's Scholar at Eton College. He was a member of Balliol College, Oxford, and graduated with a B.A. in Classics from the University of Oxford in 1983. He worked for Bain Management Consultancy in London, England before pursuing his passion for language, learning and teaching at Princeton University in 1985. From 1986 to 1989, he attended Harvard University as an exchange scholar in linguistics. He earned his doctorate in Germanic Languages and Literatures from Princeton University in 1997. He married, converted to Judaism and had two daughters.

Before coming to Middlebury College in 2003, where he served as a visiting assistant professor of German and linguistics, Southern served as an assistant professor in the Department of Germanic Studies at the University of Texas, Austin (UT); as assistant professor of German and linguistics in the Department of Modern Languages at Carthage College in Kenosha, Wisconsin; and as a teaching fellow in arts and literature at Harvard University. While at the University of Texas, he held concurrent appointments at UT's Center for Middle Eastern Studies and Center for Asian Studies and held concurrent memberships in the Foreign Language Education Program, the Department of Asian Studies, and the Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures.

At UT, he won the Jean Holloway Award for Excellence in Teaching and was selected as fellow to the Wakonse-South Conference on College Teaching.

On 15 March 2006, at age 45, he died at his home in Middlebury, Vermont.

Selected works
 Southern, Mark R. V. Contagious Couplings Transmission of Expressives in Yiddish Echo Phrases. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2005.   According to WorldCat, the book is held in 640  libraries
 Southern, Mark R. V. Sub-Grammatical Survival: Indo-European S-Mobile and Its Regeneration in Germanic. Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man, 1999.
Southern, Mark R. V. Indo-European Perspectives. Journal of Indo-European studies., Monograph ;, no. 43. Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man, 2002.

His History of the German Language is under consideration at Cambridge University Press.  He also published widely in scholarly journals and gave papers at numerous conferences.

References

External links
A Tribute Site to Dr. Mark Southern (In Development)

1961 births
2006 deaths
People from Cambridge
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Princeton University alumni
English emigrants to the United States
Indo-Europeanists
Linguists of Germanic languages
Linguists of Indo-European languages
Linguists of Yiddish
Middlebury College faculty
Middlebury College Department of German faculty
Harvard University alumni
Carthage College faculty
University of Texas at Austin faculty
Professors of German in the United States
Harvard Fellows

Mark R. V. Southern


Baruti Kandolo Lilela, better known by his pen name Barly Baruti (born December 9, 1959, in Kisangani, in what was then the Congo-Léopoldville), is a Congolese (DRC) cartoonist. He has been described by the British Broadcasting Corporation as "the Congolese author best known outside his country".

He studied pedagogy, then worked at the graphics studio of the French Cultural Centre in Kisangani. There, in 1982, he wrote and drew his first published comic, Le Temps d'agir (Time to Act), on environmental issues. In 1984, having won a comics competition, he was invited to study comics writing in Angoulême (France), then in 1987 worked for a few months at the Studios Hergé in Brussels. He returned to Congo, where he published several albums, then moved to Belgium in 1992. In 1994, the Cultural Centre in Kisangani published his album Objectif Terre! (Objective: Earth!), an environmental manifesto. In the late 1990s, he co-produced Eva K, a trilogy of comics albums, with Frank Giroud, followed by Mandrill, a series of seven albums. For these works, Baruti "replaced his semi-humorous clear line style with a more realistic one".

In December 2010, he was invited to participate in the first international exhibition of African comics, in Paris.

Baruti is the co-founder of the Atelier de Création et de l'Initiation à l'Art (Creative Workshop for an Initiation to Art) to encourage talented youth in Kinshasa.

References

People from Kisangani
Democratic Republic of the Congo comics writers
Democratic Republic of the Congo comics artists
1959 births
Living people
21st-century Democratic Republic of the Congo people

Barly Baruti


Craig Pearce is an Australian screenwriter and actor.

Pearce's acting credits include a regular role in soap opera The Restless Years in 1981, guest roles in Bellamy, E Street and G.P., and film roles in I Can't Get Started (1985), Nightmaster (1988), To Make a Killing (1988), Mad Bomber in Love (1992) and The Seventh Floor (1994).

Pearce co-wrote the play Strictly Ballroom and the screenplay of the 1992 movie adaptation with Baz Luhrmann. Pearce also created the TV series Will which aired on TNT. He co-wrote the screenplay for the 1996 film Romeo + Juliet, the 2001 film Moulin Rouge!, the 2013 film The Great Gatsby, and the 2022 film Elvis; all with Luhrmann. He created and wrote all six episodes of the 2022 series Pistol, based on Steve Jones's autobiography.

He received the Australian Writers' Guild Lifetime Achievement Award in 2016.

Personal life
Pearce was educated at Narrabeen Sports High School with Baz Luhrmann and is a graduate of National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA). He was previously married to Strictly Ballroom actor Tara Morice with whom he has a daughter. He married his second wife Emma in 2012, which later resulted in a divorce.

References

External links

Australian screenwriters
Australian male film actors
Best Adapted Screenplay BAFTA Award winners
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)

Craig Pearce


The North Lancashire Steam Navigation Company provided shipping services between Fleetwood and ports in northern Ireland, principally Belfast from 1843 to 1870.

History
The founder of Fleetwood, Peter Hesketh-Fleetwood, started occasional shipping services from around 1841 using a paddle steamer. Scheduled services began in 1843 when Frederick Kemp formed the North Lancashire Steam Navigation Company. Initially there were two services per week, leaving Fleetwood on Wednesdays and Saturdays and returned on Mondays and Fridays.

By 1853 trains to Fleetwood railway station provided a link to the service. By 1892 sailings were timed to meet the train service.

Steamers carried cargo, mostly Irish cattle, as well as the Royal Mail. The service to Derry terminated in 1912.

In 1870 the services from Fleetwood were taken over by the joint operation of the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway and the London & North Western Railway.

References

1843 establishments in England
Shipping companies of England
Packet trade
Fleetwood
History of Lancashire
Companies based in Lancashire
Transport companies established in 1843