Henriette Dessaulles (February 6, 1860 – November 17, 1946), also known by the pen name Fadette, was a Canadian journalist and diarist from Quebec. An important pioneer of women's writing in Quebec, she is best known for her longtime column in Le Devoir and for her childhood diaries which were posthumously published in 1971.

She was born in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec to Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, at the time the town's mayor and later a member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec and the Senate of Canada, and Émilie Mondelet. Jean Dessaulles was her paternal grandfather, Dominique Mondelet was her maternal grandfather, and Louis-Joseph Papineau was her godfather.

Beginning at age 14, Dessaules began writing a diary in 1874 while being educated at convent school. She continued until 1881, when she married Maurice St-Jacques. She had seven children with St-Jacques before his death in 1897. At the time of St-Jacques' death, he was a Quebec Liberal Party candidate for the electoral district of Saint-Hyacinthe in the 1897 provincial election; Dessaulles' father was nominated in his place, and won the seat.

Journalism
After St-Jacques' death, Dessaulles began writing a column for La Patrie under the pseudonym Jean Deshayes. She also wrote for Le Journal de Françoise, Le Courrier de Montmagny, La Revue de la femme, La Revue moderne, Le Canada and Le Nationaliste before joining Le Devoir in 1910. For Le Devoir, she wrote a long-running column under the pen name Fadette. Compilations of her Fadette columns were published as Lettres de Fadette in 1914, 1915, 1916 and 1918, and she published several works of children's literature, including Les Contes de la lune (1932), and Il etait une fois (1933).

She continued writing the column in Le Devoir until the 1940s, and died November 17, 1946.

Diaries
Her childhood diaries were published in 1971 as Fadette: Journal d'Henriette Dessaulles 1874-1881. They attracted widespread attention, as both a portrait of the thoughts of a young girl and as a social history.

An English translation of the diaries by Liedewy Hawke was published in 1986 as Hopes and Dreams, The Diary of Henriette Dessaulles 1874-1881. Hawke won both the John Glassco Translation Prize and the Canada Council Translation Prize for her work.

References

External links

 Henriette Dessaulles' Journal on Bibliothèque mobile de littérature québécoise (HTML)

19th-century Canadian non-fiction writers
19th-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian non-fiction writers
20th-century Canadian women writers
Canadian children's writers in French
Canadian diarists
Canadian columnists
Canadian women journalists
Canadian newspaper journalists
People from Saint-Hyacinthe
Writers from Quebec
Canadian non-fiction writers in French
1860 births
1946 deaths
Pseudonymous women writers
Canadian women non-fiction writers
Women diarists
Canadian women columnists
19th-century pseudonymous writers
20th-century pseudonymous writers
Canadian women children's writers

Henriette Dessaulles


Cassette may mean:

Some of kinds of cassettes are:
 Audio cassettes, a kind of cassette which can store music and sounds. It is used with a "cassette player" or "cassette recorder".
 Videotape cassettes, which can store video and sounds
 Cassette single, a recording of a single song sold on a compact audio cassette
 Digital Compact Cassette, a format of magnetic tape, developed to replace the compact cassette

Cassette


Sammy Job Magalefa (born 26 April 1978) is a South African former footballer who played professionally as a midfielder in Greece and South Africa. He earned two caps and scored one goal for the South African national team, and was named to the squad for the 2002 COSAFA Cup.

Career
Born in Soweto, Magalefa played for ten seasons in the Premier Soccer League, with Wits University, Supersport United and Jomo Cosmos.

In January 2004, he began a six-month stint in Greece, but he made just four league appearances for Aris Thessaloniki before returning to South Africa.

In December 2007, Magalefa suffered a knee injury and didn't make another appearance for Jomo Cosmos for the remainder of the season. The club were relegated and his contract was cancelled in August 2008.

References

1978 births
Living people
South African men's soccer players
Bidvest Wits F.C. players
SuperSport United F.C. players
Jomo Cosmos F.C. players
Aris Thessaloniki F.C. players
Men's association football midfielders

Sam Magalefa


The Great Gambini is a 1937 American mystery film directed by Charles Vidor and written by Frederick J. Jackson, Frank Partos and Howard Irving Young. The film stars Akim Tamiroff, Marian Marsh, John Trent, Genevieve Tobin, Reginald Denny, Roland Drew and William Demarest. The film was released on June 25, 1937, by Paramount Pictures.

Plot
Grant Naylor is unhappy because the woman he loves, Ann Randall, wants to instead marry Stephen Danby, a scoundrel. All are surprised during a performance of The Great Gambini when the magician predicts Ann and Danby will never be wed.

His prediction comes true when Danby's dead body is found. Sgt. Kirby questions all of Ann's family and Grant, and a piece of evidence points them to a man who was using a disguise. Grant believes the detective has the wrong man and discovers it's been Gambini himself all along. Gambini confesses on stage, but remains confident because Kirby's handcuffs might not be able to hold him.

Cast
Akim Tamiroff as The Great Gambini
Marian Marsh as Ann Randall
John Trent as Grant Naylor
Genevieve Tobin as Nancy Randall
Reginald Denny as William Randall
Roland Drew as Stephen Danby
William Demarest as Sergeant Kirby
Edward Brophy as Butch
Alan Birmingham as Lamb
Lya Lys as Luba
Ralph Peters as Bartender

References

External links

1937 films
American mystery films
1937 mystery films
Paramount Pictures films
Films directed by Charles Vidor
Films produced by B. P. Schulberg
Films with screenplays by Frederick J. Jackson
American black-and-white films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films

The Great Gambini


Caleb Alexander, D.D. (1755 – April 1828), a native of Northfield, Massachusetts, and a graduate of Yale University in 1777, was ordained at New Marlborough, Massachusetts, in 1781, and dismissed in 1782. He was again settled at Mendon, Massachusetts, and dismissed in 1803.

After an ineffectual attempt to establish a college at Fairfield, New York, erecting buildings, which now belong to the medical school, he took the charge of the academy at Onondaga Hollow, where he died in April 1828.

He published An Essay on the Real Deity of Jesus Christ: To which are Added Strictures on Extracts from Mr. Emlyn's Humble Inquiry Concerning the Deity of Jesus Christ, 1791; a Latin grammar, 1794; an English grammar, and grammatical elements, the Columbian Dictionary of the English Language (1800), and Young Ladies and Gentleman's Instructor.

Scholar Peter Martin named the Columbian Dictionary of the English Language the second US-published dictionary in English. His 550-page dictionary contained many words unique to the United States. Despite advertising "many new words peculiar to the United States", Martin writes that it was largely taken from Samuel Johnson Jr.'s American dictionary that had been published 2-3 years prior. While it was more commercially successful than Johnson and Noah Webster's contemporary dictionaries, it faced similar critical criticism; one reviewer described the dictionary as  "disgusting collection" of words from "the boors of each local jurisdiction in the United States."

References

External links

1755 births
1828 deaths
American Christian clergy
American Christian writers
Writers from Syracuse, New York
Yale College alumni
People from Northfield, Massachusetts
People from Fairfield, New York

Caleb Alexander


Myersville is a town in Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,626 at the 2010 United States Census.

History

The town was incorporated in 1904.

On January 4, 1919, a large fire destroyed many shops and buildings in the center of town.

The Peter of P. Grossnickel Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Capture of the D.C. snipers

In October 2002, the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area snipers John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo who terrorized the region were apprehended at a rest stop along westbound I-70 in Myersville. The two were discovered when a truck driver recognized their car from police reports.

Geography
Myersville is located at  (39.506627, -77.566271).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.  The Myersville area is the source of Catoctin Creek, which roughly flows in a "C" loop pattern (northside to eastside to southside) just outside the city limits.

Transportation
The main method of transport to and from Myersville is by road. The main highway that serves the town is Interstate 70, which heads eastward from Myersville to Baltimore and westward to Pittsburgh. Access to Myersville is provided via an interchange with Maryland Route 17, the other highway directly serving the town, which serves western Frederick County on a north–south alignment. U.S. Route 40 passes just to the northeast of the town limits and provides an alternative to I-70 for east–west travelers.

Demographics

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,626 people, 531 households, and 437 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 553 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 95.1% White, 2.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.5% of the population.

There were 531 households, of which 49.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.8% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 17.7% were non-families. 13.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.06 and the average family size was 3.41.

The median age in the town was 38.1 years. 30.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.7% were from 25 to 44; 30.1% were from 45 to 64; and 6.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.2% male and 49.8% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 1,382 people, 439 households, and 378 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 450 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.48% White, 0.65% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.43% from other races, and 0.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94% of the population.

There were 439 households, of which 57.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.1% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.7% were non-families. 11.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.15 and the average family size was 3.44.

The age distribution was 38.7% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 35.2% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.

The median household income was $72,639, and the median family income was $75,768. Males had a median income of $53,125 versus $38,295 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,207. About 0.5% of families and 0.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 3.8% of those age 65 or over.

References

Towns in Maryland
Towns in Frederick County, Maryland

Myersville, Maryland


4690 Operating System (sometimes shortened to 4690 OS or 4690) is a specially designed point of sale (POS) operating system, originally sold by IBM. In 2012, IBM sold its retail business, including this product, to Toshiba, which assumed support. 4690 is widely used by IBM and Toshiba retail customers to run retail systems which run their own applications and others.

4690 is the successor product to IBM 4680 OS, which was in use by IBM customers since 1986. The original 4680 OS was based on Digital Research's Concurrent DOS 286, a system thereafter renamed to FlexOS 286 in November 1986.

In July 1993, IBM adopted FlexOS version 2.32 as the basis of their 4690 OS version 1. FlexOS 2.32 supported 286 (Intel 80286) and 386 (Intel 80386) modes and had no limit on applications running concurrently.

In 1995, IBM licensed IMS REAL/32 7.50, a derivative of Digital Research's Multiuser DOS and thereby a successor to Concurrent DOS 386, to bundle it with their 4695 POS terminals.

According to the article "The Year of the Store?", IHL Consulting Group/RIS News, IBM 4690 OS still had a market share of 12% in the POS register client market in June 2005, when IBM was starting to phase it out in favor of IBM Retail Environment for SUSE (IRES).

IBM continued to maintain 4690 OS until April 2015, with the most recent version released by IBM in May 2012 being IBM 4690 OS Version 6 Release 3, which was supported until 2017 under special contracts with big-name companies.

Meanwhile, Toshiba has released Toshiba 4690 OS Version 6 Release 4 (V6R4) in January 2014, and Version 6 Release 5 (V6R5) in January 2016. In 2018, a Linux-based successor of 4690 OS, named TCx Sky and codeveloped with Wind River Systems, was launched. Soon after, Toshiba discontinued 4690 OS for new customers; it is, however, still supported under service contracts signed between Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions and stores still using 4690 OS on their POS terminals. The latest security update (CSD Level 2010) was released in December 2020, only for 4690 OS Version 6 Release 5.

Retailers are using the 4690 Operating System for their operations because of its many retail-specific and reliability features. In addition to running on IBM hardware, third-party vendors have exploited the 4690 features on competitive hardware.

Supported hardware

4690 supports many POS terminal devices, store controller servers, and combination controller–terminals. The 4690 documentation contains a list of supported POS devices, some in use over 20 years. The family of IBM Universal Serial Bus (USB) POS devices that 4690 supports includes keyboards, displays, and cash drawers. 4690 also supports other input/output (I/O) devices designed and conforming to IBM's USB POS device interface specifications. IBM makes interface specifications available to third-party vendors to enable them to connect their devices to POS terminals using RS-485, RS-232, and USB connections.

IBM provides a Controller Matrix document with a list of compatible IBM servers for use with 4690 OS as store controllers and controller–terminals. These servers represent current and formerly available devices which continue to be supported by 4690.

Notable features
Perhaps the most notable feature of the 4690 OS is its ability to provide a "redundancy infrastructure". IBM designed the 4690 OS to work either as one server, or with one or more other 4690 servers. These servers are commonly called store controllers. When connected in a local area network (LAN), these 4690 store controllers provide redundant backup using mirrored data files. Using a system of master controller, alternate master, file server, and alternate file server designations, the controllers preserve data integrity and allow file backup in case a store controller fails and needs to be replaced.

A copy of the 4690 OS is maintained in each store controller. The 4690 POS terminals (registers) load a copy of 4690 from the store controller into memory when they Initial Program Load (IPL). The 4690 controllers provide terminal support in the form of terminal loading, price lookup, and transaction logging. Non-volatile memory is used to ensure that data is not lost in transit from the terminals to the store controller. Terminals are assigned to a primary store controller, and that controller is typically backed up by another controller. If the primary controller fails, the terminals automatically access the backup controller, providing uninterrupted sales at the POS terminal. If both the primary and backup controllers are unavailable, the terminal can go into a standalone state, or, some of the applications are able to support a Terminal Offline (TOF) state wherein terminals run offline using a terminal-based item file and logging stored in their own memory.

To maintain software at the store level, 4690 OS provides a software maintenance facility to manage updates. This facility provides checking to ensure that all updates have been transferred to the store, and the ability to apply the maintenance from store level commands or under central control. The updated software can be applied in test, which preserves the prior software in case the maintenance needs to be backed off for some reason.

4690 supports communications to the store controller in several forms. including TCP/IP, X.25, Systems Network Architecture (SNA), and asynchronous communications.

Commands
The following list of commands are supported by the 4690 Operating System.

 ASSIGN
 BACKUP
 BATCH
 BREAK
 BURNISO
 CHDIR
 CHKDSK
 CLS
 COMMAND
 COMP
 COPY
 DEFINE
 DIR
 DISKCOMP
 DISKCOPY
 ECHO
 ELSE
 ERASE
 EXIT
 FCOPY
 FIND
 FOR
 FORMAT
 FSET
 GOTO
 IF
 LIST
 MKDIR
 MORE
 ORDER
 PATH
 PAUSE
 PRINT
 PROMPT
 QUERY
 REM
 RENAME
 RESTORE
 RMDIR
 SECURITY
 SHIFT
 SORT
 SYS
 TREE
 TYPE
 UNLOCKP
 VER
 VERIFY
 VOL

Technology and software
4690 OS has been updated annually to address the needs of its user community and in anticipation of upcoming requirements.

4690 Version 5 incorporated new security enhancements, such as Secure Shell (SSH), IPsec, and enhanced operator security (allowing alphanumeric operator IDs, password complexity requirements, password expiration, etc.). This has helped its users address new security requirements from the credit card companies.

Another recent addition to 4690 was the ability to forward store hardware- and software-level events to a Remote Management system to facilitate central control and monitoring. File integrity monitoring and lockdown of 4690s are becoming increasingly important due to recent breaches caused by point-of-sale malware based threats.

4690 supports applications written in a CBASIC variant named IBM 4680 BASIC, Metaware High-C, and Java 2. The Java language-based ability at both the server and the client, along with the extension of Internet protocol suite TCP/IP ability to the client, enables Java applications at both the server and client to run concurrently with extant CBASIC or C applications. Users can make functional enhancements to extant applications by developing a new Java application that communicates with an extant application.

Versions

IBM 4690 Operating System versions:
 1 (July 1993)
 2 release 1
 2 release 2
 2 release 3
 2 release 4
 3 release 1
 3 release 2
 3 release 3
 4 release 1
 4 release 2
 5 release 1
 5 release 2
 6 release 1
 6 release 2
 6 release 3 (May 2012)
Toshiba 4690 Operating System versions:
 6 release 4 (January 2014)
 6 release 5 Classic – Enhanced (January 2016)

See also
 Digital Research
Toshiba TCx Sky
 FlexOS
 IBM 4680 OS
 IBM 4683
 IBM 4693
 IBM 4694
 IBM 4695
 IMS REAL/32
 IBM Retail Environment for SUSE (IRES)
 Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM)

Further reading

These and many other documents could be obtained from IBM at the Retail Publications Download Center.

In 2016, Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions, the current owner of 4690 OS, removed public access to all 4690 related manuals and publications from their servers.

In May 2018, 4690 OS was renamed to TCx Sky. The base operating system that runs under 4690 OS itself was changed to Wind River Linux with this revision.

References

External links

 Data Format Description Language (DFDL) schemas for IBM 4690 ACE to parse and write IBM 4690 ACE transaction logs

IBM operating systems
DOS variants
Real-time operating systems
Retail point of sale systems
C (programming language) software
Divested IBM products
1993 software

4690 Operating System