Michael McMullan is a sportscaster and radio presenter from County Antrim, Northern Ireland.  He presented Premier League Live (formerly Premiership Live) each Saturday on national radio station Today FM. On each occasion he was joined in studio by BBC television analyst and former Republic of Ireland international footballer, Mark Lawrenson.

Career
McMullan joined Premiership Live in 2001, six years before it underwent a name change to Premier League Live. He presented Today FM's coverage of the 2002 FIFA World Cup from Japan/South Korea.

McMullan also features on The Ray D'Arcy Show on Today FM each Monday, where he discusses the previous weekend's sporting events.

In July 2007, he achieved the personal highlight of his reporting career, when he stood at the back of the 18th green at Carnoustie as the Irish golfer, Pádraig Harrington, holed the winning putt in The Open Championship.

In 2015, it was announced that McMullan had left Today FM.

Personal life
Originally from County Antrim, McMullan has since moved to Dublin. His favourite sports are football, snooker and golf (he often has disagreements with D'Arcy over their differing opinions on the latter). He appeared on front of a newspaper with incoming Taoiseach, then Minister for Finance, Bertie Ahern in 1992, after winning a competition.

References

External links
 The Ray D'Arcy Show contributions

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Irish association football commentators
Broadcasters from County Antrim
Today FM presenters

Michael McMullan


The former Embassy of Germany in Saint Petersburg is considered the earliest and most influential example of Stripped Classicism. Designed by Peter Behrens, it was built to house the diplomatic mission of the German Empire in Saint Petersburg, the capital of the Russian Empire. After the relocation by the Bolsheviks of the Soviet capital from Petrograd (as Saint Petersburg was then known) to Moscow, it served as a consulate of the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. Located at 11/41 Saint Isaac's Square () in the Tsentralny District of Saint Petersburg, the building now houses the offices of two Russian government agencies.

History of the site

In the 1740s, a two-storey building was erected by Nikita Shestakov on the site which is today at 11/41 Saint Isaac's Square. In 1743 Shestakov sold the building to merchant Fedot Stepanov and from the 1760s to 1812 it was owned by a jeweller to the court of the Russian Empire. From 1815 to 1820, renowned Russian architect Vasily Stasov redesigned the house in the Empire style common in Russia during this period.

In 1832, General-Adjutant Pavel Konstantinovich Aleksandrov, the illegitimate son of Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, purchased the building and lived there with his wife Anna Alexandrovna. The couple regularly held balls in the residence, with frequent visitors including Alexander Pushkin. The house was passed onto their daughter, Princess Alexandra Pavlovna Lvova, wife of Prince Dmitry Aleksandrovich Lvov, and between 1870 and 1871 the facade of the building was designed in Eclectic style by Ferdinand Müller.

German Embassy

In 1873, the German Ambassador declared an intention to acquire the building from Princess Lvova and the building was bought by the German Empire for housing the German Embassy to the Russian Empire that same year. The Germans commissioned architect Rudolf Bernhard to redecorate the buildings interiors, and in 1889 Ivan Schlupp redesigned the building by adding a second floor over a part of the facade on Bolshaya Morskaya Street.

In 1911–1913 the building was again redesigned, this time in Neoclassical style by German architect Peter Behrens, as a grandiose monument to the power of a unified Germany. Behrens' design, which Albert Speer reported Adolf Hitler admired, saw the facade of the building being built in red granite, the frontispiece, reminiscent of Ancient Greek architecture, was completed with 14 columns, and decorated with pilasters. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe served as construction manager on the project, and sculptor Eberhard Enke created the Castor and Pollux sculpture, symbolising the reunion of the German nation, which adorned the tympanum. Other prominent German masters created paintings, sculptures and fretwork to adorn the building. The Embassy building was officially opened on 14 January 1913.

The artistic community in Saint Petersburg held negative opinions of the building, with prominent members of the community, Alexandre Benois, Nikolay Wrangel and Georgy Lukomsky, criticising the Teutonic style of the building as being hostile to the architectural style of the city, and due to it differing greatly from the Russian neoclassical revival style.

It was rumoured at the time that the Embassy was linked to the German–owned Hotel Astoria via a tunnel, and on 1–2 August 1914, after Germany declared war on Russia, crowds stormed the building as anti-German sentiment took hold in the city. The building sustained considerable damage, with crowds torching the throne room of Kaiser Wilhelm II, destroying Greek and Italian art work and a collection of Sèvres porcelain. The Dioskouroi sculpture from the roof disappeared during this time, and rumours abounded that it was dumped in the Moika River by the crowd, however, researchers have been unable to find any fragments of the sculpture in the river.

After the war, the Germans returned to the city in 1922, at the time known as Petrograd, and operated a consulate from the building, representing the Weimar Republic and later Nazi Germany, until 1939. During the Siege of Leningrad, the Red Army operated a hospital in the premises, and after the Great Patriotic War it housed the Institute of Semiconductor Physics. Later tenants of the building have included Intourist, Dresdner Bank and the Committee for the Management of City Property of the Saint Petersburg City Administration (). Today the building houses the Administration Board of the Ministry of Justice and the Chief Technical Commission to the President of the Russian Federation for the Northwestern Federal District.

Restoration of the building began in 2001, and with the support of Rossvyazokhrankultura and Governor Valentina Matvienko, in a project estimated at 170 million rubles, a group of restorers led by OOO «StroyTREST» are planning to recreate the Dioskouroi sculpture for placement on the tympanum of the building. Plans have been in the works for several years to replace the sculpture, and the warm relations between Russia and Germany have created the right political atmosphere for the restoration of the building to its former glory.

See also
 Germany–Russia relations
 Embassy of Germany, Moscow

References

Saint Petersburg
Germany
Houses completed in 1913
Saint Isaac's Square
Germany–Russia relations
Germany–Soviet Union relations
Vasily Stasov buildings and structures
Neoclassical architecture in Russia
Stripped Classical architecture
Peter Behrens

Embassy of Germany, Saint Petersburg


Adam Brown Littlepage (April 14, 1859 – June 29, 1921) was a lawyer and Democratic politician from West Virginia who served as a  United States Representative. Congressman Littlepage was born near Charleston, West Virginia, in Kanawha County  (then in Virginia) on April 14, 1859. He served as a member of the 62nd, 64th, and 65th United States Congresses.  He died in Charleston, June 29, 1921.

He attended the common schools, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He entered practice in Newport, Indiana, in 1882. He returned to Charleston in 1884 and continued the practice of law. He served the United Mine Workers Association in West Virginia as general counsel. From 1906 to 1910, he served as a member of the West Virginia Senate.

He was elected from West Virginia's 3rd District as a Democrat to the Sixty-second Congress (March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1913). His candidacy for re-election to the Sixty-third Congress in 1912 was unsuccessful. He returned to serve from West Virginia's 3rd District in the Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1919). He was an unsuccessful candidate for re-election in 1918 to the  Sixty-sixth Congress and returned to his law practice. He died in Charleston on June 29, 1921, and was interred there at Spring Hill Cemetery.

See also
List of United States representatives from West Virginia
United States congressional delegations from West Virginia

References

External links

1859 births
1921 deaths
Burials at Spring Hill Cemetery (Charleston, West Virginia)
Politicians from Charleston, West Virginia
United Mine Workers of America people
West Virginia lawyers
Democratic Party West Virginia state senators
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from West Virginia
Lawyers from Charleston, West Virginia
19th-century American lawyers

Adam Brown Littlepage


Andrea Ettore Spognardi (October 18, 1908 – January 1, 2000) was a Major League Baseball infielder who played for the Boston Red Sox during the last month of the 1932 season, in which the Red Sox finished in last place, 54 games behind the league champion New York Yankees. The Boston College athlete had never played in the minor leagues before his first Red Sox appearance, when he substituted in a game they were losing 15-0 in Philadelphia. The 23-year-old rookie was  tall and weighed 160 lbs.

In 17 games as a second baseman, shortstop and third baseman he handled 52 of 53 chances successfully for a fielding percentage of .981. He hit .294 (10-for-34), and 6 bases on balls raised his on-base percentage up to .400. He scored 9 runs and had 1 run batted in.

Spognardi died in his hometown of Boston, Massachusetts, at the age of 91.

External links
Baseball Reference
Retrosheet

Major League Baseball infielders
Baseball players from Massachusetts
Boston Red Sox players
1908 births
2000 deaths
Major League Baseball second basemen
Watertown Townies players

Andy Spognardi


Ghislain Lebel (born February 17, 1946 in Lévis, Quebec) is a Quebec politician and notary.

Background

Ghislain Lebel has been an activist in the Quebec independence movement since his teenage years, having been part of the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale, the Mouvement souveraineté-association and the Parti Québécois since its early days.

Member of Parliament

Lebel ran as a Bloc Québécois candidate in the district of Chambly in the 1993 election and won.  He was re-elected in the 1997 and 2000 elections.

On August 20, 2002, he crossed the floor and sat as an Independent, because of his sharp criticism of the Approche commune, an agreement with the Innu people signed by the Government of Quebec, then led by Bernard Landry and the Bloc's brother sovereigntist party, the Parti Québécois.

Lebel did not run for re-election in the 2004 election.

Parti Québécois leadership

He entered the Parti Québécois leadership campaign in 2005, in which he defended a more traditional form of nationalism and ideas relatively less to the left than the other social democratic candidates.  He won 458 votes,  0.4% of all ballots cast.

Action démocratique du Québec

Lebel voted for the Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ) in protest in the 2007 Quebec election.  He also considered running as a candidate of that party in the district of Chambly, but his offer was declined by party leader Mario Dumont.

Parti indépendantiste

On April 22, 2008, Lebel joined the newly formed Parti indépendantiste.  A week later, he announced his intention to run in a provincial election as the party's candidate. He came last of six candidates in the riding with less than 2% of the popular vote.

Footnotes

External links
 (original here)

1946 births
Bloc Québécois MPs
Living people
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
People from Lévis, Quebec
Canadian notaries
21st-century Canadian politicians
French Quebecers

Ghislain Lebel


Westonaria is a town in the west of Gauteng province of South Africa. It is situated in the Rand West City Local Municipality, part of the West Rand District Municipality.  During the apartheid era, Africans lived outside town in Bekkersdal. The town is some 45 km west of Johannesburg and 18 km south of Randfontein.

History
It was formed in 1948 by the amalgamation of the townships Venterspost, proclaimed in 1937, and Westonaria, proclaimed in 1938. First called Venterspost, the name was changed to Westonaria when municipal status was attained in 1952. The name is a homophone of 'western area', after the township developing company Western Areas Ltd.

References

West Rand
Populated places in the Rand West City Local Municipality

Westonaria


The Mikoyan-Gurevich I-211 was a prototype high-altitude Soviet fighter aircraft built during World War II. It was a version of the Mikoyan-Gurevich I-210, itself a variant of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3, fitted with a Shvetsov ASh-82F radial engine. Its development was quite prolonged, although successful, but by the time it finished its manufacturer's trials in early 1944 there was no need for a high-altitude fighter and it was not worth reducing the production of existing fighters to convert a factory over to the I-211.

Development
The I-211 was a direct descendant of the Mikoyan-Gurevich I-210 high-altitude fighter prototype, also known as the MiG-3-82 or MiG-9. Late in 1941, a decision was made to phase out production of the Mikulin AM-35A engine used by the MiG-1 and MiG-3 in favor of the Mikulin AM-38 engine used in the Ilyushin Il-2. The MiG design team had already created a version of the MiG-3 called the I-210, using a Shvetsov ASh-82 radial engine instead of the inline, liquid-cooled engine. A number of changes were made in order to accommodate the larger circumference of the radial engine, but the redesign of the engine cowling was a failure and the I-210 proved to be slower than the Yak-1 or the LaGG-3 when it first flew on 23 July 1941.

Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich continued development and another prototype was built, the MiG I-211, or the MiG-9Ye, using the improved ASh-82F engine. Improvements from the I-210 included aerodynamic refinements of the engine cowling, the cockpit was moved aft , the oil cooler inlets were moved to the wing roots, the oil cooler was moved entirely inside fuselage and a larger tail was fitted. It was armed with two  ShVAK cannon. It weighed some  less than the I-210, possibly due to an all-metal structure, but this cannot be confirmed.
These refinements took most of 1942 to design and assembly of the I-211 did not begin until December 1942. Its first flight was on 24 February 1943. The reduction in drag and in weight greatly improved performance over the I-211, with a top speed of  at a height of  and it took only 4.0 minutes to reach an altitude of . The OKB had originally planned to build ten in the first quarter of 1943, but the manufacturer's trials took an unexpectedly long time to complete and were not finished until the first quarter of 1944. By this time there was little demand for a high-altitude fighter and the project was canceled with only a single aircraft built.

Nomenclature
In a number of older books, the MiG I-211 is called the MiG-5. It is now established that the MiG-5 designation was reserved for the production version of the MiG DIS, a twin-engine fighter that did not enter production. The acronym DIS comes from Dalnij Istrebitel Soprovozhdenya or long-range escort fighter. Similarly, the MiG-9 designation was intended for the production version of the MiG-3 with the ASh-82 radial engine. This name was reused shortly afterwards for the first Mikoyan-Gurevich jet fighter.

Operators

Soviet Air Force

Specifications (I-211)

References

Further reading

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-01
I-211
Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1943

Mikoyan-Gurevich I-211


Hakob Sanasaryan (; born December 21, 1936, in Yeranos, Armenia) is a leading Armenian environmental activist, author and biochemist, the cofounder of the one of the first environmentalist groups in the former Soviet Union: Goyapahpanutyun ( meaning survival) in 1985. This group was later in 1989 coined in the press as the Greens Union of Armenia (GUA). Hakob Sanasaryan is to this day the president of the GUA.

Biography
Having received his elementary and secondary education in the village Yeranos, he moved to Yerevan in 1954 for a one-year vocational education in building construction, after which he worked as a construction worker. His interest in natural sciences eventually led him to Yerevan State University, where he graduated in Chemistry in 1964.
After graduation he worked about three years in the L. A. Mnjoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Armenian SSR as a junior scientist. In 1968 he was admitted to the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Moscow, where he finished his PhD in biochemistry in 1974.
Returning to Armenia he worked for one year in the newly formed Research Institute of Chemical Reagents and Highly Pure Chemical Substances and then moved to the Academy of Sciences of Armenian SSR, where he remained to 1989. Sanasaryan has a lengthy resume as a biochemist, with numerous scientific publications.

Sanasaryans spent his childhood in a traditional village and in the natural environment of Yeranos, on the shore of Lake Sevan. As Sanasaryan recalls in his book: "Episodes of Armenian Ecologic Movement", it was the thriving old tradition of nature worship in the village which shaped his love for nature: one had a deep respect for all living things.
However, the situation was quite different for the Soviet State and in the big Soviet cities. For much of the history of the Soviet Union, the environment was an entity to conquer and to exploit.
 One of the most cruel examples of this in Armenia, was the policy towards Lake Sevan, one of the largest, and highest alpine lakes in the world.  Beginning in the 1930s, the government of the Soviet Union started diverting Lake Sevan's waters to the Hrazdan River for irrigation in the Ararat Valley and for hydroelectric power generation. This Soviet plan was based on an idea that by decreasing the water surface area of the lake, water loss from evaporation will be reduced and hence water could be used for agricultural and hydroelectric purposes. This catastrophic policy led, over a span of forty years, to a decrease of the volume of the lake by forty percent and lowering of its level by roughly nineteen meters.
However, thanks to contributions from prominent Soviet scientists, there later came an end to this situation. George Ter-Stepanian,  an internationally recognized scientist in the field of soil mechanics and engineering geology, Professor and Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia and one of the pioneers of the environmental movement in Soviet Union, showed in 1956 the technical and scientific erroneousness of the Lake Sevan project and urged for rising and the recovery of the original water level of the lake.
The young Sanasaryan and the experienced Ter-Stepanian were bound to meet each other in the Academy of Sciences in the late 70s.  This friend-ship led to a successful campaign in 1985-1987: they brought a halt to the construction of a highly secretive underground dumpsite for radioac-tive waste near the Armenian Nuclear Power Station in the Ararat Valley, 30 km away from Armenia's capital city of Yerevan. This was mainly also thanks to the cooperation of a number of scientists in the Academy of Sci-ences of USSR: Academicians Boris Sergeyevich Sokolov, Nikolay Enikolopov (Enikolopyan), Tigran Sergeevitsj Hatsjatoerov, Abel Aganbegyan, Samvel Samvelovich Grigoryan, Levon Chailakhyan,  Alexander Yanshin, Nikita Moiseyev, Valery Legasov, Nikolai Pavlovich Lavyorov, Aleksey Vladimirovich Yablokov and Evgenii Mikhailovich Sergeev.

As head of the Green Union of Armenia, he has been actively involved in nuclear policy in the country,  claiming that the Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant did not meet internationally accepted nuclear safety standards, due to the lack of a containment vessel.

Sanasaryan has also been actively involved in forestry within the country and in campaigning against economic policy in Armenia that directly affects its natural landscape. The Armenian Copper Program (ACP) required that some 357.16 hectares of forest would be logged for the purpose of the exploitation of the copper and molybdenum mine in the village of Teghut in Lori Province, but Sanasaryan and the Green Union estimated that 170,833 trees would be logged, and objected on the grounds that many walnut, pine, apple and pear trees would be removed. He also expressed concern about the location of the site which he believed would affect the nature of soil composition in the area and makes it susceptible to dangerous landslides.

In 2005, Sanasaryan and the Green Union campaigned against the Ararat Gold Extraction Enterprise (AGEE), a branch of the Canadian
Sterlite Gold Limited Companya who wanted to build a gold factory near its
Gegharkunik mine in Sotk, posing a severe danger to the nearby Lake Sevan. The factory in processing gold from ore, would require the heavy usage of toxic chemicals, including cyanide. Hakob Sanasaryan declared that the factory would be a disaster on the regional environment, and due to the proposed factory's nearness to the lake, the discussion itself
anti-constitutional and therefore should not be held. With discussion in which the Deputy Minister of Trade and Economic Development Gagik Vardanyan was involved it was indeed confirmed under Armenian legislation, that it was unlawful to build a mining factory even within a radius of 50 kilometers of Lake Sevan.

References

External links
 https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12617120.900.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003219/http://www.nti.org/db/nisprofs/armenia/bkgndrep.htm

1936 births
Living people
Armenian biochemists
Armenian environmentalists
People from Gegharkunik Province

Hakob Sanasaryan


Cilla Black (27 May 1943 – 1 August 2015) was a English television personality, singer and actress. Her birth name was Priscilla Maria Veronica White and she was born in Liverpool. She became known for her songs "Anyone Who Had A Heart" and "You're My World" as well as her long-running TV shows Blind Date (1985-2003) and Surprise Surprise (1984-2001).

In the early 1960s, young Cilla worked at the Cavern Club in Liverpool, where the Beatles often performed, as a hat check girl. She also sang onstage at the Cavern sometimes, backed by the band that was playing at the time. "Swinging Cilla" was well-liked by the Cavern's members and guests.

One day Brian Epstein visited the Cavern to meet the Beatles, and ask about a record they made, so he could sell copies at his family's music store. Stories rose later that Cilla was working, and she first met Epstein when he gave her his hat and coat. Neither one remembered this later, though, and each believed the story was not true.

Epstein's getting to know the Beatles led to his becoming their manager, and with his help, they won a recording contract. The Beatles' talent and work with music producer George Martin led to hit records. Epstein decided to manage other Liverpool musicians. Along with the bands and male singers he signed up, Epstein chose Cilla as his only female performer. He suggested her stage name (changing White to Black), so she and her family could keep their privacy. Martin also agreed to record her, helping choose songs that would showcase her voice.

Cilla became popular first in England and Europe, then in America as the Beatles' music started the "British Invasion" there in 1964. One of her first hits, "Anyone Who Had A Heart", was recorded earlier by American singer Dionne Warwick. The two records sounded similar, even though Cilla had not heard Warwick's version, and a few people believed she had copied it. Both women later also recorded the theme song for the movie Alfie, but they sounded different.

Cilla had other hit records, including "You're My World" and a television theme song, "Step Inside, Love". Epstein enjoyed working with her, even helping her choose wardrobe for performances and looking after her backstage, but personal problems later took away his attention. He died in 1967, after a drug overdose.

In time, Cilla Black stopped having hits. She remained popular in England, though, and was a welcome hostess and guest on television. She also made appearances from time to time, to sing the songs from the time she was most popular.

In later years, her health became poor. Arthritis made walking painful, and she was nearly deaf. She admitted that she did not want to live past 75 years old, because she enjoyed her life less and less as she aged.

Cilla Black died of a stroke after a fall at her holiday home near Marbella, Spain, on 1 August 2015, aged 72. Her funeral took place in Liverpool on 20 August 2015.

References

Other websites

1943 births
2015 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Accidental deaths in Spain
Actors from Liverpool
Deaths from stroke
Disease-related deaths in Andalusia
English movie actors
English pop musicians
English television actors
English television presenters
Singers from Liverpool

Cilla Black


Thank You, Fog: Last Poems by W. H. Auden is a posthumous book of poems by W. H. Auden, published in 1974.

The book contains poems written mostly in 1972 and 1973; after Auden's death in September 1973 it was prepared for publication by his literary executor Edward Mendelson, who also included an "antimasque" titled "The Entertainment of the Senses", written in 1973 by Auden and Chester Kallman as an interpolation in a planned production of James Shirley's masque Cupid and Death (1653); the antimasque was commissioned by the composer John Gardner.

The shorter poems in the book, in addition to the title poem, include "Aubade", "Unpredictable but Providential", "Address to the Beasts", "Archaeology", "No, Plato, No", "Nocturne", "A Thanksgiving", and "Lullaby" ("The din of work is subdued"; titled in other editions with a title found in Auden's typescripts, "A Lullaby", which distinguishes it from a different earlier poem titled "Lullaby"). The book also includes two of the lyrics that Auden wrote for the musical comedy Man of La Mancha, which were rejected by the original librettist of that play.

References
John Fuller, W. H. Auden: A Commentary (1999)
Edward Mendelson, Later Auden (1999)

External links
 The W. H. Auden Society
Lullaby at the British Library

1974 poetry books
Books by W. H. Auden
Poetry by W. H. Auden
Books published posthumously

Thank You, Fog


John Wright Vrooman (March 28, 1844 – November 24, 1929) was an American lawyer, banker and politician from New York.

Life
Vrooman was born on March 28, 1844, in German Flatts, Herkimer County, New York, to Nicholas Vrooman and Christina (Wright) Vrooman. He attended Little Falls Academy from 1857 to 1859, and then taught school in the countryside. Vrooman then studied law in the office of Judge Ezra Graves, but enlisted in the Union Navy during the American Civil War. After the war, he resumed the study of law and was admitted to the bar. From 1868 to 1876, he was Clerk of the Herkimer County Surrogate.

He was Deputy Clerk of the New York State Assembly in 1877. He was Clerk of the New York State Senate from 1878 to 1887, officiating in the 101st, 102nd, 103rd, 104th, 105th, 106th, 107th, 108th, 109th and 110th New York State Legislatures. Vrooman later returned to Herkimer and engaged in banking as vice president and general manager of the Herkimer Bank.

He was a member of the New York Republican State Committee from 1877 to 1884, and Secretary of the State Committee from 1880 to 1888. He was Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of New York State from 1889 to 1890.

At the New York state election, 1891, he ran for Lieutenant Governor of New York on the Republican ticket with Jacob Sloat Fassett, but was defeated by Democrats Roswell P. Flower and William F. Sheehan.

He died on November 24, 1929, in Herkimer, New York.

Sources
COL. J.W. VROOMAN DIES AT AGE OF 86 in the New York Times on November 25, 1929 (subscription required)
CAUCUS WORK AT ALBANY; THE MACHINE BEATEN IN THE SENATE in the New York Times on January 6, 1880
THE CANDIDATES in the New York Times on September 10, 1891

1844 births
1929 deaths
People from German Flatts, New York
New York (state) Republicans
American bankers
People from Herkimer County, New York

John W. Vrooman


A power pellet is an item from Pac-Man. It can make Pacman eat the ghost. But he's gotta hurry because he can only eat ghosts for 10 seconds! If you play Pac-Man, you'll notice the ghosts turn blue when you eat it. If it's already 8-10 seconds, the ghosts will flash.

Video game gameplay

Power pellets


Klaus Meine (; born 25 May 1948) is a German singer, best known as the longtime frontman of the hard rock band Scorpions. Meine and guitarist Rudolf Schenker are the only two members of the group to appear on every Scorpions album, though he did not join the band until 1970, five years after its founding. Meine placed at No. 22 on Hit Parader's 'Top Heavy Metal Vocalists of All Time' list in 2006.

Biography
Meine wrote most of the lyrics to Scorpions' songs. He and former Scorpions drummer Herman Rarebell also shared lyrical authorship on some songs, including the major hit "Rock You Like a Hurricane". Meine composed some songs alone like "Wind of Change", "You and I", "But the Best for You", "Does Anyone Know", "A Moment in a Million Years", "Moment of Glory", "I Wanted to Cry", "Back to You", "My City, My Town", "Follow Your Heart", "Rock'n' Roll Band", "The World We Used to Know" and "Who We Are".

He has played guitar on two Scorpions songs: "Coast to Coast" and "Follow Your Heart".

After a 1981 world tour and during the recording of the Blackout album, Meine lost his voice to the extent that he could not even speak properly. He was advised by his doctor to consider another profession. However, Scorpions stuck together and, after therapy and two vocal cord surgeries, Meine's voice recovered.

Meine performed on the Live in Berlin rendition of Roger Waters' "The Wall" in 1990. He was a featured singer during the performance.

Meine was awarded the city of Hanover plaque in 2000. as well as the Cross of Merit First Class (Verdienstkreuz 1. Klasse) of the Lower Saxony Order of Merit.

Dommenget released a Klaus Meine signature guitar that was given to him on his 60th birthday in 2008, which he used on the Humanity World Tour and the Get Your Sting and Blackout World Tour.

Klaus' beyond-Scorpions collaborations include "Bridge to Heaven" with Uli Jon Roth, "Send Me an Angel", "Bigger than Life", "Keep the World Safe" and "Jerusalem of Gold" with Israeli singer Liel Kolet, "Bis wohin reicht mein Leben" from Rilke Projekt, "Wind of Change" with the tenor José Carreras, and the song "Dying for an Angel" from the album The Wicked Symphony by Avantasia.

References

External links

Scorpions (band) members
German heavy metal singers
German rock singers
1948 births
Living people
Musicians from Hanover
German tenors
English-language singers from Germany
20th-century German male singers
21st-century German male singers
Glam metal musicians

Klaus Meine


The Certificate in TESOL (CertTESOL) is an accredited professional qualification awarded in the teaching of "English for speakers of other languages" (ESOL) by Trinity College London.  It is a commonly taken teaching qualification in the field of English language learning and teaching (ELT). It is one of various TEFL qualifications available. The Trinity CertTESOL is regulated by the UK's Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) which regulates qualifications, examinations and assessments in England.

About the qualification
The Trinity CertTESOL is designed for those with little or no experience in teaching English. It provides the basic skills and knowledge needed to take up a first post as an ESOL teacher. The program also gives an introduction to theory and an insight into the challenges facing the learner and the role of the teacher. It is also suitable for those with classroom experience but without any formal TESOL training or qualifications.

The qualification is awarded upon passing a course that includes supervised and observed teaching practise, written assignments and an interview with an external moderator. The CertTESOL is accredited in the United Kingdom by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority at Level 5 on the UK National Qualifications Framework.

Extension certificates

Teaching Young Learners Extension Certificate (TYLEC)

The Trinity TYLEC module is intended for already qualified teachers—particularly those with pre-existing CertTESOL certificates. Its aim is to instruct ESL teachers on how to correctly teach English as a foreign language to children and teens (Ages 7–16).

The TYLEC is roughly equivalent to the now discontinued Cambridge CELTA-YL extension.

Certificate for Practising Teachers (CertPT)

The Trinity CertPT is for teachers seeking to update, improve and enrich their professional teaching practice. It draws upon qualified TESOL teachers' existing knowledge of teaching practice and theory while promoting the acquisition and refinement of the specialist skills needed to develop and use effective teaching resources.

The CertPT is an Ofqual level 6 qualification.

Availability
The Trinity CertTESOL is available in many different countries throughout the world, and some institutions offer a portion of the course in the form of distance learning. The course can be taken part-time over several months to a year, or full-time in a four- or five-week period. The largest Trinity College London Certificate in TESOL provider outside of Europe is English for Asia in Hong Kong. English for Asia's website is www.hongkongtesol.com

Trinity CertTESOL and DipTESOL courses in India are offered by Cochin International Language Academy -CILA, Kerala. CILA is the only provider of both CertTESOL (OFQUAL LEVEL 5) and LTCL DipTESOL (OFQUAL LEVEL 7) courses in India. CILA runs full-time face-to-face and online courses and part-time online courses throughout the year.

Experienced teachers can further their career by taking a more advanced diploma, the LTCL DipTESOL. This is often seen as a follow-up to the CertTESOL or Cambridge CELTA.

Admission requirements
The Trinity CertTESOL is open to all those for whom English is a first, second or foreign language. Your own use of spoken and written English will need to be of an appropriate standard for you to be a role model of English for your learners and help them understand the nature of the language. The validation guidelines set out the requirements - these include a minimum age of 18 and evidence of qualifications achieved for entry to higher education in the UK (A levels) or equivalent.

Educationalist Jason Anderson offers useful advice about the Trinity CertTESOL course choice and admissions.

Comparative qualifications
The Trinity CertTESOL, as per CELTA, is recognized and accepted by the British Council as an initial TESOL qualification for teachers in its accredited teaching organisations in the UK and in its own teaching operations overseas. Both have at least one hundred hours of instruction and six hours of supervised teaching practice.

Similarly, the LTCL DipTESOL, as per DELTA, is accredited in the UK at Level 7 on the National Qualifications Framework, as are postgraduate diploma, aka PGDip.

Assessment
The Trinity College London does not award merit or distinction in the CertTESOL course. The qualification is only awarded to successful trainees on a pass/refer/fail basis.

References

External links
CertTESOL - 'Trinity College London ESOL' CertTESOL page
Course providers - Where to take the CertTESOL course?
CILA Kerala

English as a second or foreign language
Professional titles and certifications

CertTESOL


Cubital index is the ratio of two of the wing vein segments of honeybees.  The cubital index is used in morphology, the study of form and structure, one way to differentiate species and sub species of living organisms.  The pattern of the veins of the fore wings is specific for each breed of bees.  The cubital index is consistent for a given race of bee.  It can be used to distinguish between similar populations of honeybees and to determine degrees of hybridization.

Procedure
To obtain reliable average results, at least 100 bee fore wings have to be analyzed.  Measurements are taken under a dissecting microscope with a magnification of 10x to 20x.

See also
Beekeeping
Western honeybee

Comparative anatomy
Beekeeping

Cubital index


Indestructible Man is a 1956 American crime horror science fiction film, an original screenplay by Vy Russell and Sue Dwiggins for producer-director Jack Pollexfen and starring Lon Chaney Jr., Ross Elliott and Robert Shayne.

The picture was produced independently by C.G.K. Productions, and distributed in the United States by Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. The film was distributed theatrically in 1956 on a double bill with World Without End (and in some areas with Invasion of the Body Snatchers).

Plot
Told in a narrative noir style mostly on Los Angeles location, popularized by the television police series Dragnet, by police detective Dick Chasen, the story concerns a 72-hour period of horror for the city of Los Angeles. Charles "Butcher" Benton is a double-crossed convicted robber and murderer who was executed in the gas chamber. His body is unlawfully sold to a scientist who plans to move his experiments into the cause and cure of cancer to human subjects by rejuvenating damaged human tissue. Benton's corpse is subjected to chemical injection and massive jolts of high-voltage electricity in order to study the effect on human tissues. But Benton's heart is re-stimulated and he completely revives (though rendered mute due to electrical damage to his vocal cords), immensely strong by accelerated growth of cellular mass  and with his skin virtually impervious to trauma, scalpels, police bullets, even to bazooka shells.

After killing the doctor and his assistant, Benton sets out in a psychotic rage to avenge himself on his two henchmen and his attorney, Paul Lowe who, in collusion with the henchmen, had betrayed Benton in order to steal his loot. Benton had left the location map of his stash to his stripper-girlfriend , who had since gone straight and begun dating the detective who brought Benton to justice, after she had rejected the lawyer's own advances.

The story then follows Benton's revenge on his enemies; the police who first learn of a wave of mysterious killings, then of Benton's reanimation; and the developing relationship between the detective and the stripper. The lawyer, Lowe, fearing for his life after the two henchmen are murdered, confesses the plot to the police, and reveals that Benton had always used the sewer system to evade detection; and to find a hiding place for the money, as it turns out.

Tracked down by the police, Benton takes a direct hit in the solar plexus from a bazooka, and is heavily burned by a flame thrower. Weakened, he flees to a power station, where he climbs atop a gantry, inadvertently setting it in motion.  As he watches the actions of the police down below, he fails to notice that the gantry is moving toward the main transformer.  A dangling hook comes too close to one of the terminals, and the other transformers erupt in sparks. as hundreds of thousands of volts surge throughout its metal frame, searing Benton to ashes. On a quiet night a few days later, Chasen successfully proposes to his girlfriend at a drive-in hamburger stand

Personnel

Cast

Starring:
 Lon Chaney Jr. as Charles "Butcher" Benton
 Max Showalter as Lt. Richard Chasen
 Marian Carr as Eva Martin
 Ross Elliott as Paul Lowe

Featuring:
 Stuart Randall as Capt. John Lauder
 Marvin Press* as Henchman "Squeamy" Ellis
 Ken Terrell as Henchman Joe Marcelli
 Roy Engel as the Desk Sergeant
 Robert Foulk as Harry the Bartender
 Robert Shayne as Dr. Bradshaw
 Joe Flynn as Bradshaw's Assistant (uncredited)
 Peggy Maley as Francine, a stripper
 Marjorie Bennett as Floozie at Bar

* Marvin Press was misidentified as Marvin Ellis (the last name of his character) in all the film's publicity.  Worse, his name was entirely omitted from the screen cast list.

Crew

 Ted Holsopple as Art Director
 John Russell Jr. as Director of Photography
 Fred Feitshans Jr. as Film Editor
 Albert Glasser as "Music"
 Chris Beute as Production Manager

Production background

 Chaney has almost no dialogue in the film. His character's emotions were shown through physical gesture reminiscent of his iconic father's silent movie persona and  extreme close-ups of his face.
LOS ANGELES LANDMARKS:
 Angels Flight a unique short trolly up a steep downtown hill,  appears prominently in this film.
 The Bradbury Building interior open air court  is featured prominently in this film.

Production stills exist of scenes not in the film as released. One shows "Butcher" Benton at a jail where a policeman's body lies on the ground as Benton carries off Eva Martin. The scene logically came after the police threatened to release Paul Lowe from custody if he does not reveal the location of Benton's loot, and before the scene where it is revealed Eva has checked herself out of a hospital, presumably after recovering from unspecified injuries. Presumably, this scene is where Benton made good on his threat to get Paul Lowe, breaking into the jail to do it.

Lead Max Showalter, also pka Casey Adams, appeared in scores of movies and television series episodes, perhaps most uniquely remembered as playing the father Ward Cleaver in the pilot for Tv series ''Leave It to Beaver'' later replaced by ''Hugh Beaumont'' in the series. Veteran character actor ''Robert Shayne'' as the scientist, was best known for playing Inspector Henderson on the ''Superman'' Tv series on the 50's.
Although Joe Flynn played a serious short role in this film, he later specialized in comedic roles, most memorably as the irascible Captain Binghamton on TV's McHale's Navy (1962–66).

Bibliography
The full story of the making of the movie (complete with interviews with some of the participants) plus the script and pressbook are featured in the book Scripts from the Crypt: 'Indestructible Man'  (BearManor, 2015) by Tom Weaver.

In popular culture
 John Darnielle of the Mountain Goats wrote and performed "Rotten Stinking Mouthpiece", referencing a line spoken by Chaney's character to his double-crossing lawyer.
 The 2003 Thom Andersen film essay Los Angeles Plays Itself featured clips from the film.

Home media
The film has been released by numerous studios as a "bargain bin" disc.  In addition, the MST3K version of the film has been released by Rhino Home Video as part of the Collection Volume 11 box set which was soon to be re-released by Shout Factory in 2019.

See also
 List of American films of 1956
 List of films in the public domain in the United States

References

External links

 MST3K take of the film on ShoutFactoryTV

1956 films
American science fiction horror films
1950s English-language films
American black-and-white films
American independent films
1950s science fiction horror films
1956 horror films
American monster movies
Films scored by Albert Glasser
Allied Artists films
1950s monster movies
Articles containing video clips
1950s independent films
1950s American films
English-language science fiction horror films

Indestructible Man


Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia-Transport (LAPSSET) Corridor project, also known as Lamu corridor is a transport and infrastructure project in Kenya that, when complete, will be the country's second transport corridor. Kenya's other transport corridor is the Northern Corridor, which links Mombasa to Uganda, passing through Nairobi and much of the Northern Rift. Some basic LAPSSET infrastructure has been built (a police station and harbor office in Lamu and lengthening of the Lamu airport runway). The construction of LAPSSET's main components (ports, pipelines, roads, railways) is currently ongoing with construction of the first berth at Lamu Port completed in October 2019.. Although the project is not formally stalled, its short to medium term success looks increasingly unlikely. Insecurity and political instability in Kenya are mostly to blame for this, as are more commercially viable alternative pipeline options through Tanzania or Ethiopia. The low oil prices since 2015 also affect LAPSSET's commercial prospects.

Background
The aim of the project is to cut over-dependence on Kenya's main port of Mombasa as well as to open up Kenya's largely under-developed northern frontier through the creation of a second transport corridor.

Key towns in the project are Lamu and Isiolo in Kenya, Juba in South Sudan and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia.

The project was initially conceived in 1975 but never took off due to various reasons. The project was later revived and included in Kenya Vision 2030. In 2009, the cost of LAPSSET was estimated at US$16 billion. Estimates from 2015 put the cost of the project at between US$22 billion and US$23 billion. On 1 April 2013, Kenya's government announced the setting up of a government agency, the LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority (LCDA) to manage the project on behalf of the Kenyan government. The cost of the project was put at KSh.2.5 trillion/= (US$29.24 billion).

The timeline of the project is not clear, including when it started and when it will be completed. Some projects like the Isiolo-Merille projects began in 2007. It was estimated that, at the peak of the project between 2013 and 2018, the Kenyan government would spend about 6% of the country's Gross Domestic Product or 16% of its annual budget on the project. The project is in turn expected to contribute an additional 3% increase in Kenya's GDP by 2020.

LAPSSET Corridor Projects
The LAPSSET Corridor includes the following infrastructure projects:
Lamu Port at Manda Bay (32 Berths including Associated Infrastructure)
Standard Gauge Railway Line from Lamu – Isiolo – South Sudan (Juba) – Ethiopia (Addis Ababa)
Highways from Lamu – Isiolo – South Sudan (Juba) – Ethiopia (Addis Ababa)
Crude Oil Pipeline from Lamu – Isiolo – Nakodok/Nadapal (South Sudan), and Product Oil Pipeline from Isiolo – Moyale – Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)
International Airports at Lamu, Isiolo, and Turkana (Lokichogio);
Resort Cities at Lamu, Isiolo and Lake Turkana
Merchant Oil Refinery at Isiolo.
Services related infrastructure project components, namely;
a. Malindi – Garsen Road
b. High Grand Falls Multipurpose Dam
i. Water Supply
ii. Power Supply; and
c. Fibre Optic Cable / Communication
d. Other generated and attracted investments in commercial and manufacturing sectors along the LAPSSET Corridor.

In addition to this the project is also spearheading the development of associated infrastructure sub projects, in particular the High Grand Falls Power Station that is envisaged to produce 500MW of power and provide water to Lamu city, Lamu Port and metropolis, and irrigation of mega farms planned for the Tana Delta among other areas within the Corridor. The High Grand Falls will be used to create a manmade lake at its dam with a view to controlling perennial flooding within the lower Tana Basin. More importantly, the LAPSSET Corridor infrastructure is being developed as a critical enabler meant to spur growth of other sectors of the economy within the Corridor. Of great significance is the rich agricultural value chain, spanning over ten different economic crops whose implementation has begun with the establishment of mega irrigation schemes.

Institutionalisation of the project
The LAPSSET Corridor Project is the first single integrative infrastructure Project the Government has initiated and prepared under Vision 2030 Strategy Framework without external assistance.

Kenya is spearheading the development of the LAPSSET Corridor to strengthen the country's position as a gateway and a transport and logistics hub to the East African sub-region and the Great Lakes region to facilitate trade, promote regional economic integration and interconnectivity between African countries. The project is managed by the LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority (LCDA), which reports to the Presidency.

Mandate of LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority
In March 2013, the LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority (LCDA) was established through the Presidential Order Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 51, Legal Notice No. 58, The LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority Order 2013 to plan, coordinate and manage the implementation of the Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor Project. A director general heads the 11 member board that includes five state officials, private sector representatives and a chairman appointed by the president. The LCDA will push for public private partnerships to help in implementation of the project. The Authority is reporting to the Presidency in accordance with the Constitution of Kenya. The LCDA is headed by Mr. Silvester Kasuku, MBS, CMILT, Director General/ Chief Executive Officer and Amb, Dr. Francis Muthaura, EGH, chairman of the Board of the Authority. The functions of the LCDA are as follows:

i.	Plan, coordinate and sequence LAPSSET Corridor projects in collaboration with implementing ministries and agencies;
ii.	Coordinate implementation of LAPSSET Corridor projects across implementing ministries and agencies;
iii.	Provide leadership, direction and guidance in operations and implementation of the LAPSSET Corridor;
iv.	Ensure implementation of all decisions and resolutions of the government;
v.	Mobilize funds to project components using a variety of resources including budgetary resources from government, donor loans, infrastructure bonds and private finance;
vi.	In collaboration with National and County government department, build the capacity of LAPSSET Corridor towns to manage urban growth resulting from LAPSSET Corridor investments;
vii.	Promote the competitiveness and use of the LAPSSET Corridor for the transport of goods and people; and
viii.	Provide a forum for all stakeholders of the LAPSSET Corridor.

The LCDA is the policy, implementation, operational coordination and technical oversight organ for the LAPSSET Corridor Project. The LCDA has inter-ministerial coordination committees composed of relevant ministries.

Economic Viability of LAPSSET Program
Project studies that were completed in 2011 on the LAPSSET Corridor project components showed great economic viability with most of the project components registering High Economic Internal Rates of Return of between 17% and 23.4% compared to acceptable industry minimum standard of 10% for infrastructure projects as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1: LAPSSET Corridor Project Components with accompanying cost implications

Services

Note 1: Both all and each project components are judged as viable in view of national economy as EIRRs computed are more than 12%, which is opportunity cost.

Note 2: Cargoes are generated by the Corridor itself. Higher figures than the above table can be realized.

From the statistics provided, it is therefore evident that if the government structured the projects into bankable bundles, it would attract private sector investors to participate and invest in the projects.

Funding
The Lamu port construction project is currently being funded by the Government of Kenya using domestic tax revenue.

The Development Bank of South Africa had offered to fund construction of Lamu–Garissa–Isiolo Road to the tune of KSh.126 billion/= (US$1.5 billion).

Cost of LAPSSET Program
The seven key infrastructure project components of the LAPSSET Corridor Program require substantial amounts of resources with a budget estimate of US$24.5 billion, equivalent to KSh.2 trillion/= at current exchange rates in construction costs. It is estimated that Lamu Port with its 22 berths alone will cost approximately US$3.1 billion, the Railway US$7.1 billion while the crude oil pipeline will cost a further estimate of US$3 billion for Lamu to Lokichar trunk line alone.

Indeed, the figures indicated above are of no mean task and cannot be left to the Government's limited resources alone. The Government has prioritised the participation of private sector in the development of LAPSSET Corridor infrastructure through infrastructure bonds and equity participation among other money market instruments. There is already significant private sector interest being registered towards the implementation of these project components hence the need has arisen for the government to structure and package bankable projects that are investor ready for uptake by private sector.

Status of implementation of LAPSSET corridor projects
The government undertook ground breaking for the LAPSSET Corridor Program at Lamu Port site on 2 March 2012, after which it commenced construction activities of various infrastructural facilities and services aimed at progressing implementation of LAPSSET Corridor Project. The ongoing construction works for various project activities are summarized below.

Lamu Port
Construction activities for various facilities at the Lamu Port site are ongoing, with progress for the Lamu Port Building and Port Police and security facilities having achieved a completion rate of 95%.

Port Building: 95% complete.
Police Station: 95% complete.
Design review ongoing for the first three berths, with construction to begin in July 2014
The physical development plan and survey for the port area has been completed.

The Government has so far allocated KSh.4.2 billion/= in preparation for the commencement of construction works for the first three berths. The government is also in the process of mobilising more resources from its own revenue resources as well as from private sector investors through equity and debt including bonds while mobilisation of more funds through equity and debt participation by investor for the construction of the first three berths and its associated infrastructure. These three berths are being constructed by China Communications Construction Company at a cost of nearly $480 million, and will reportedly be opened by 2020.

Lamu Port is expected to consist of 32 berths when complete, will cost US$3.5 billion and be  in size. The port will be a deep water port at 18 m depth.

From bids requested by the Kenyan Government, the first phase of the port will include 3 deep water berths with a capability of handling ships with a deadweight capacity of up to 100,000 tonnes. The port will be built at Manda Bay and is expected to be operational starting December 2012.

A consortium of companies led by China Communications Construction Company(CCCC) was reported to have won the bid for construction of the first three berths at Lamu port. The cost of the project is valued at KES 41 billion (US$484 million). CCCC is associated with China Road and Bridge Corporation(CRBC), which has historically secured many road construction and other tenders in Kenya.

Standard gauge railway line to Juba
A railway line will run from Lamu to Juba, a distance of , and will be capable of handling trains with speeds of up to  for passenger trains, and perhaps  for freight trains. This will be at an estimated cost of $7.1 billion and is to be completed by 2015.

By 2030, the railway line is expected to handle 30 daily trains to Juba and 52 to Addis Ababa.

Highway component
LAPSSET road projects will run from Lamu to Isiolo and onwards to Juba and Addis Ababa through Moyale. The road from Lamu will pass through Hola and Bura to Garissa. From Garissa, the main branch will run to Isiolo while a second branch will run off to Mwingi and Matuu for exploitation of coal in the Kitui Basin. Isiolo will be linked to Nairobi through one route, to Nakodok, near Lokichogio via another and to Moyale via the third route. Southern Sudan will be in charge of constructing a route from Nakodok to Juba while Ethiopia will construct a road from Moyale to Addis Abbaba. The planned two-lane highway will cost US$1.4 billion.

The LAPSSET highway component has been categorized in sections as indicated below:

Lamu–Garissa (D568) 250 km
Garissa–Isiolo (C81,D586,B9) 423 km
Isiolo–Moyale (A2) 505 km
Isiolo–Nadapal 721 km

Isiolo – Moyale Road
Construction and upgrading of the  Isiolo – Merille road commenced in 2007 and the road was finished in 2011. The road was upgraded into a two-lane tarmac road. Construction of the Marsabit – Turbi road, also part of LAPSSET, commenced 29 August 2011, with an expected delivery date of 4 April 2014.

Significant progress has been made on this highway component, particularly the 505 km Isiolo-Moyale A2 Road costing approximately KSh.46 billion/= and being funded jointly by the African Development Bank, European Union and the Government of Kenya.

The 136 km Isiolo – Merille River Road constitutes the first section of the 505 km road from Isiolo to Moyale, which is part of the road linking Tunduma in Southern Tanzania with Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The project construction works are complete. This project was funded by the African Development Bank at a cost of KSh.6,318,130,428/27.

The 121 km Merille River – Marsabit Road constitutes the second section of the road from Isiolo to Moyale and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The road begins at Merille River and runs in a northerly direction and terminates at Marsabit. The construction works for this section has progressed at 10% having commenced in January 2013 and is scheduled for completion by January 2016 and is being funded by the European Union. The project will cost a total sum of KSh.13.73 billion/=.

The third section (123 km) begins in Marsabit at the junction with the road C82 and runs in a northerly direction and terminates in Turbi. The construction works for this section has progressed to 47.4% having commenced in April 2011 and is being funded by the African Development Bank and is expected to be completed by March 2014. The project will cost a total sum of KSh.13 billion/=.

Construction works for the fourth section, the Turbi – Moyale Road, have progressed to 11.5% completion, having commenced in October 2012 for a period of 36 months. This section is being funded by the African Development Bank and is expected to be completed in December 2015.

Moyale – Addis Ababa Road
Construction of the 193 km Ageremariam-Yabelo-Mega has already begun.

Other roads
In addition to the above, the governments of Kenya and South Sudan working together with the World Bank, recently completed feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs for the Lokichar – Nadapal – Torit – Juba Road. Construction will begin oncefinances are mobilised.

Furthermore, the Government of Kenya is currently considering mechanisms for participation by private sector investors to deliver the Lokichar - Isiolo - Garissa - Lamu Road and Lamu - Garsen Road through Engineering, Procurement, and Construct (EPC). Construction of the road would provide immediate road connection between Lamu Port and Juba and Addis Ababa.

The designs for the 623 km Kitale – Lodwar – Nadapal Road are 95% complete, while the Garsen – Lamu Road (115 km) awaits mobilization of resources for construction.

Crude oil pipeline

Continued discovery of oil resources within the region have led to the planning of pipelines within the LAPSSET framework. A crude oil pipeline will link Lamu Port to Kenya's oil fields in the Turkana Basin as well as Ugandan and South Sudanese oil fields.

The pipeline is expected to cost $4 billion. Construction was originally expected to begin by end of 2013 once feasibility studies contracted to German company ILF were complete.

Airports
The government has embarked on improving facilities at the three airports to provide for air travel services in the interim to enhance accessibility to the corridor. Improvement works on Lokichogio Airport were completed in the recent past and is already operational with scheduled flights landing at the airport.

Provision of airport facilities will strengthen buildup of air transport and logistics services along the corridor in readiness for the construction of the three international airports at the three locations in the future.

Kenya Civil Aviation Authority has already made plans to establish air transport safety, security and surveillance facilities and services to strengthen air transport and logistics in northern Kenya.

Manda Lamu Airport

The government recently completed lengthening of Lamu Manda Island Airport runway from 1.1 km to 2.3 km. Improvement works are already complete for the airport terminal building. Preparations are at an advanced stage towards the construction of a parallel taxiway and aircraft apron area to improve capacity of the airport. These improvements will enhance the capacity of Manda Lamu Airport that already has a strong scheduled flights clientele.

Isiolo Airport

The Government has completed construction works on the 1.2 km Isiolo Airport runway. Construction works are currently ongoing for Airport Terminal Building which is scheduled for completion by end of 2014. Kenya Airports Authority has made plans to operationalise the airport once facilities are in place by mid 2014.

Resort cities
The three proposed resort cities at Lamu, Isiolo and Lokichogio on the shores of Lake Turkana are estimated to cost $1.2 billion.

The Isiolo resort city is to be established under a public private partnership at a cost of KSh.18.9 billion/=. In 2012, the Isiolo County Council was asked to set  of land aside for establishment of the resort city. The site is located at Kipsing Gap,  west of Isiolo town.

The site was identified by Japanese Port Consultants after a nine-month feasibility study. The consultants also developed a conceptual design for the resort city with more than 10 preliminary models of the city. The plans include rules on land usage and guidance on private sector and local community involvement. The plans also cater for growth and development of the city for the next 20 to 30 years.

Under Kenya's new constitution, it will be mandatory for the government to get consent from the locals before commencing with the project. Residents will be compensated for the acquisition. The local council will then acquire the land title and make money from leasing out the land and charging rates.

The Isiolo resort will be situated between Katim hill and Oldonyo Degishu hill. Neighbouring game parks and national reserves include Lewa Wildlife Conservancy in the south, Buffalo Springs and Shaba National Reserve to the North, Samburu Game Reserve and Ewaso Ng'iro River to the West. The area also boasts a wide variety of plants and animals, including the big five, leading to it also being known as the Jewel in the crown.

Kipsing Gap was picked in preference of Kulamawe and Archers Post due to security, accessibility, cultural diversity, natural diversity, wildlife, water availability, electricity, sewer system among other factors.

In January 2012, 32 councillors led by chairman Adan Ali and Town Clerk Morris Ogolla and legislators, professionals, women group leaders were briefed by government officials on the importance of the resort city.

Attractions will include three star to six star hotels, a local art and craft museum, theatres, conference centres and cultural events.

Oil refinery
A proposed oil refinery in Lamu will cost $2.5 billion and is expected to refine 120,000 barrels of oil a day.

Electric power supply
The Kenyan government has prioritised the provision of appropriate infrastructural service aimed at supporting the massive investments planned for the LAPSSET Corridor. The government has just completed the electric power connection for the Lamu Port of 220 kV transmission line from Rabai through Malindi and Garsen to Lamu.

Construction of electric power transmission line has commenced to deliver electric power connection to key LAPSSET Corridor areas such as Garissa, Isiolo and Turkana.  Already construction of 132 kV transmission line from Seven Folks/Kindaruma to Garissa is ongoing; construction of 132 kV transmission line from Mount Kenya region to Isiolo is ongoing. Plans for the construction of 400 kV transmission line from Lake Turkana to Suswa are at an advanced stage while plans are ongoing for the construction of 220 kV line from Garsen to Garissa.

 Rabai – Lamu 220 kV Transmission Line completed
 Garsen 220 kV Transmission Line to commence soon
 Lake Turkana – Suswa 400 kV Transmission Line to commence
 Lamu – Garissa – Isiolo – Lokichar 220 kV Transmission Line planned
 Kindaruma – Garissa 132 kV Transmission line to complete construction by Dec 2014
 Masinga – Isiolo 132 kV Transmission line to complete construction by Dec 2014
 Kamburu – Isiolo 220 kV Transmission Line to complete Construction by Dec 2014

Provision of social infrastructure, services and security
In addition to the ongoing physical works along the LAPSSET Corridor, the Kenyan government has commenced a comprehensive plan for the provision of social infrastructure and services. This initiative is aimed at ensuring that schools, health centres, towns, water and sanitation services, security services and other social amenities are provided at an optimal level to make LAPSSET Corridor areas a secure, desirable, liveable and working environment.

Recent developments in the LAPSSET Corridor project area

Since conclusion of the LAPSSET study, oil discoveries have been made in the Turkana area in Kenya with current recoverable crude oil reserves estimated at 600 million barrels.

With these developments, the original plan and design for the crude oil pipeline has to be reviewed to accommodate these new discoveries. The Pipeline will now evacuate crude oil from Lokichar Oil fields in Kenya, Lake Albert Oil fields in Uganda and oil fields in South Sudan. As such considerations are being made to commence construction of crude oil pipeline from Lokichar to Lamu Port to evacuate Kenyan oil as more preparations are made to complete negotiations on the construction of joining crude oil pipelines from Uganda and South Sudan oil fields.

In this event, the Lokichar to Lamu crude oil pipelines will be the trunk crude pipeline to accommodate crude oil from Uganda and South Sudan. Crude oil terminal tank farms will therefore be built at Lokichar and Lamu to manage the logistics of pumping crude oil through the pipeline as well as into the loading into ships for export.  As a result, the governments of South Sudan and Kenya are preparing for the admission of the Uganda Crude Oil Pipeline component into the LAPSSET Corridor Crude Oil Pipeline Project.

As a way forward, the tripartite Heads of State Infrastructure Summit held in Uganda on 20 February 2014, agreed to allow Kenya to proceed with the Expression of interest for the development of the crude oil pipeline between Lamu and Lokichar oil fields to evacuate Kenyan oil as well as prepare for the construction of connecting lines from South Sudan's and Ugandan Oil fields.

In order to support the development of the crude oil pipeline, the Government has identified the need to simultaneously construct the Lamu-Lokichar Road alongside the pipeline. As an early delivery strategy, the Ministries of Energy and Petroleum as well as Transport and Infrastructure have adopted an integrated approach for the development of the crude oil pipeline and the road from Lamu-Lokichar.

Participating countries

Participating countries include:

Criticism
The LAPSSET corridor project has come under criticism for its social and environmental impacts. The civil society organisation "Save Lamu" has raised concerns regarding insufficient involvement of local communities, as well as land right and negative environmental impacts. Affected pastoralists in Turkana County have complained about a lack of consultation. In Lamu, a petition by local fishermen furthermore criticised the project of violating their right to adequate information. Affected people living on community land, in particular pastoralists, have raised concern about violation of land rights in association with the LAPSSET. This includes fears expressed by pastoralist communities over land speculations, and subsequent dispossession and marginalisation. Pastoralists are furthermore threatened by a disruption of seasonal grazing routes caused by the construction of the highway that is part of the LAPSSET project. Environmental hazards have been listed as an issue of concern for local communities, especially in terms of environmental degradation in the context of oil exploration and transport.

See also
 Railway stations in Kenya
 Railway stations in South Sudan
 Railway stations in Ethiopia
 Railway stations in Djibouti

References

External links
 Kenya Presidency website about LAPPSET
 LAPPSET.go.ke

Economy of Kenya
Kenya–South Sudan relations
Ethiopia–Kenya relations
Kenya–Uganda relations

Lamu Port and Lamu-Southern Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor


John Hart (March 31, 1879 – April 7, 1957) was the 23rd premier of British Columbia, Canada, from December 9, 1941, to December 29, 1947.

Biography
John Hart was born in Mohill, County Leitrim, Ireland, the son of an Irish farmer who was also named John Hart. He came to Victoria in 1898.

Hart worked in the finance industry and founded his own firm in 1909. In 1908, he married Harriet McKay. He entered politics in the 1916 election, elected to the provincial legislature as a Liberal member from Victoria City. He served as minister of finance from 1917 to 1924, and from 1933 to 1947. Hart retired from politics to attend to his business from 1924 to 1933.

Hart became premier following the 1941 election when Pattullo's Liberals failed to win a majority.  Unlike Pattullo, Hart was willing to form a coalition government with the Conservative Party.  This allowed the Liberal-Conservative coalition to govern with a majority in order to block the socialist Cooperative Commonwealth Federation from forming the government.

From 1941 to 1945, Hart governed at a time of wartime scarcity, when all major government projects were postponed.  Hart's coalition government was re-elected in the 1945 election by a decisive margin.  In that contest, Liberals and Conservatives ran under the same banner for the first time in BC history.

After 1945, Hart undertook an ambitious program of rural electrification, hydroelectric and highway construction. Hart's most significant projects were the construction of Highway 97 to northern British Columbia (which is named in his honour) and the re-launch of the Bridge River Power Project, which was the first major hydroelectric development in British Columbia.  He established the BC Power Commission, a forerunner of BC Hydro, to provide power to smaller communities that were not serviced by private utilities.

In December 1947, he retired as both finance minister and premier. Hart was named speaker for the assembly in 1948. He did not seek reelection in 1949 and returned to business.

Hart was one of the few BC premiers who left office neither defeated nor under a cloud. He died in Victoria in 1957, aged 78 years, having led a distinguished life of public service. He is interred in the Royal Oak Burial Park in Saanich.

The 405 km John Hart Highway between Prince George and Dawson Creek is named for him, as is the Hart Highlands neighbourhood of Prince George and the John Hart Dam (Hydroelectric) in Campbell River.

References

1879 births
1957 deaths
BC United MLAs
Premiers of British Columbia
Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
Leaders of BC United
Irish emigrants to Canada
Politicians from County Leitrim

John Hart (Canadian politician)


The hunting dagger (German: Hirschfänger, "deer catcher") is a  long German dagger, used to kill deer and boar. It is a weapon mainly used in the fancy hunts of the German nobility. This dagger developed from Medieval hunting swords which were longer and mainly used by mounted hunters. Today hunting daggers are occasionally used as parts of traditional German hunting uniforms.

References

Daggers
European swords
European weapons
Ancient weapons
Medieval European swords
Medieval weapons
Hunting equipment

Deer catcher (weapon)


Hurricane Sally was a destructive and slow-moving Atlantic hurricane that was the first hurricane to make landfall in the U.S. state of Alabama since Ivan in 2004, coincidentally on the same date in the same place. The eighteenth named storm and seventh hurricane of the extremely active 2020 Atlantic hurricane season, Sally developed from an area of disturbed weather which was first monitored over the Bahamas on September 10. The system grew a broad area of low-pressure on September 11, and was designated as a tropical depression late that day. Early the next day, the depression made landfall at Key Biscayne and subsequently strengthened into Tropical Storm Sally that afternoon. Moderate northwesterly shear prevented significant intensification for the first two days, but convection continued to grow towards the center and Sally slowly intensified. On September 14, a center reformation into the center of the convection occurred, and data from a hurricane hunter reconnaissance aircraft showed that Sally had rapidly intensified into a strong Category 1 hurricane. However, an increase in wind shear and upwelling of colder waters halted the intensification and Sally weakened slightly on September 15 before turning slowly northeastward. Despite this increase in wind shear, it unexpectedly re-intensified, reaching Category 2 status early on September 16 before making landfall at peak intensity at 09:45 UTC on September 16, near Gulf Shores, Alabama, with maximum sustained winds of  and a minimum central pressure of . The storm rapidly weakened after landfall before transitioning into an extratropical low at 12:00 UTC the next day. Sally's remnants lasted for another day as they moved off the coast of the Southeastern United States before being absorbed into another extratropical storm on September 18.

Numerous watches and warnings were issued in anticipation of the imminent approach of Sally, and several coastline counties and parishes on the Gulf Coast were evacuated. In South Florida, heavy rain led to localized flash flooding while the rest of peninsula saw continuous shower and thunderstorm activity due to the asymmetric structure of Sally. The area between Mobile, Alabama, and Pensacola - Gulf Breeze, Florida took the brunt of the storm with widespread wind damage, storm surge flooding, and over  of rainfall in the first 24 hours and over 30 inches in 48 hours. Numerous tornadoes also occurred as well. Damage is estimated at $7.3 billion (2020 USD). Despite the destruction caused by the storm, the name Sally was not retired during the following year, making Sally the costliest tropical cyclone in the North Atlantic on record that did not have its name retired.

Meteorological history

On September 4, a surface trough formed on the south and southwest side of then-Tropical Depression Omar near Bermuda. Omar dissipated the next day and its remnants move northeastward while the trough moved slowly south-southwestward over the Western Atlantic over the next several days, showing little to no signs of organization. At 00:00 UTC on September 10, the NHC began to monitor the area of disturbed weather as it was over the Bahamas for possible development. Over the next two days, convection rapidly increased, became better organized, and formed a broad area of low-pressure on September 11. At 18:00 UTC, the system had organized enough to be designated as Tropical Depression Nineteen. Just after 06:00 UTC on September 12, the depression made landfall near Cutler Bay, Florida, with winds of  and a pressure of . The system maintained its strength as it moved west over Florida, but the NHC noted that a strong convective burst near the center of the cyclone had weakened considerably. Despite this, the depression strengthened over land and became Tropical Storm Sally at 12:00 UTC that same day while over The Everglades, becoming the earliest 18th tropical or subtropical storm in an Atlantic hurricane season, surpassing the old mark of October 2, which was previously set by Hurricane Stan in 2005. As Sally moved offshore into the Gulf of Mexico at around 15:00 UTC and turned north-northwestward, it strengthened some more to  before northwesterly shear from a nearby upper-level low halted its intensification and gave the system a sheared appearance. As shear relaxed some and became westerly, a huge burst of convection and a center reformation caused Sally to rapidly intensify into a hurricane by 16:00 UTC on September 14 before reaching its initial peak intensity with winds of  and a pressure of . Operationally, the NHC upgraded the storm to low-end Category 2 status at 21:00 UTC, but this was determined to be due to transient eyewall features and not a true estimate of the storm's intensity.

This increase in strength did not last long as six hours later, as another increase in wind shear and upwelling of colder waters caused by the storm's slow motion weakened Sally slightly early the next day. Despite its weakening, Sally began to develop a ragged eye, as shown on radar imagery, although it was open on its southern side. Sally continued to maintain its intensity as it slowed down tremendously and meandered first before turning northward, moving at only , although its pressure continued to fall. Unexpectedly, as Sally approached the coast, its eye quickly became better defined and it abruptly began to reintensify. By 05:00 UTC on September 16, the storm had reached into a Category 2 hurricane and was still strengthening as its northern eyewall began to move ashore in Baldwin County, Alabama. The storm then reached as a high-end Category 2 status at 08:00 UTC before reaching its peak intensity as it made its final landfall at around 09:45 UTC near Gulf Shores, Alabama, with maximum sustained winds of  and a minimum central pressure of . Sally's eye quickly disappeared as the storm rapidly weakened while it moved slowly inland. It was downgraded to a Category 1 hurricane at 13:00 UTC, and then to a tropical storm at 18:00 UTC. Sally further weakened to a tropical depression at 03:00 UTC on September 17 before becoming an extratropical low at 12:00 UTC that day. The low continued northeastward off the coast of the Carolinas, before losing its identity within a cold front around 12:00 UTC on September 18.

Preparations

Due to the possibility of the storm making landfall as a tropical storm, a tropical storm watch was issued for the coast of Southeastern Florida from south of Jupiter Inlet to north of Ocean Reef when advisories were first issued at 21:00 UTC on September 11. At 03:00 UTC on September 12, another tropical storm watch was issued for the Florida panhandle from the Ochlockonee River to the Okaloosa/Walton County line. That same day, numerous storm surge, tropical storm, and hurricane watches were then issued for a large portion of the US Gulf Coast east of New Orleans at 21:00 UTC, three hours after Sally was named. Many of these watches were then upgraded to warnings at 09:00 UTC on September 13 with more watches and warnings issued in the hours that followed. Several tornado, flash flood, and flood watches were issued.

States of emergency were declared in the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama in preparation for Sally's arrival. Emergencies were also declared in the East Baton Rouge and St. Bernard parishes in Louisiana and Escambia, Santa Rosa and Okaloosa counties in Florida as well as New Orleans and Pensacola, Florida.

Louisiana
The mayor of New Orleans, LaToya Cantrell, issued an evacuation for areas outside the levee system of the city, due to expected storm surge.  The governor of Louisiana declared a state of emergency for the entire state, which was still recovering from the devastating effects of Hurricane Laura just three weeks earlier. Several parishes and areas were put under mandatory evacuation orders including all of St. Charles Parish, and parts of Orleans Parish, Jefferson Parish, Plaquemines Parish, and St. John the Baptist Parish.  Shelters were opened while public school and university classes were cancelled throughout southeastern Louisiana for September 15. FEMA declared that they will be bringing additional resources to Louisiana for the storm's aftermath and not diverting resources away from Hurricane Laura's relief efforts. Lakeshore Drive along Lake Pontchartrain was closed before the storm as well.

Mississippi

A state of emergency was declared on the night of Sunday, September 13, 2020. Mississippi governor Tate Reeves urged residents to prepare for Sally, which he said could produce up to  of rain in the southern part of the state. Some shelters were opened, although officials urged people who were evacuating to stay with friends, relatives, or in hotels, if possible, because of the threat of coronavirus superspreading. Mandatory evacuations were ordered for parts of Harrison County and Hancock County.

Alabama
Alabama governor Kay Ivey closed all beaches on the coast and called for evacuations of low-lying and flood prone areas. Additionally, Dauphin Island mayor Jeff Collier strongly encouraged all people to evacuate the west end after water started to encroach on the main roadway. A state of emergency was declared by governor Kay Ivey on September 14, 2020, as public schools and university classes were either cancelled or moved online in anticipation of the storm.

Impact

Warm and humid southerly flow associated with the circulation of Sally brought scattered showers and thunderstorms to western and central areas of Cuba on September 12–13.

The re-intensification and sudden track to the east by Sally prior to landfall caught many by surprise. Additionally, the storm's slow movement caused coastal areas between Mobile, Alabama, and Pensacola, Florida, to be in the northern eyewall for hours. Over 500,000 customers in Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia lost power and parts of I-10, including the Escambia Bay Bridge, were shut down. Widespread tornado, special marine, severe thunderstorm, and flash flood warnings were issued, including several flash flood emergencies. Sally was the most destructive storm to strike the Alabama–Florida border region in nearly 20 years, which included Baldwin County in Alabama and Escambia County in Florida.

Florida

Due to the asymmetrical structure of Sally, almost all of Florida saw continuous shower and thunderstorm activity starting on September 12. A low-topped supercell in the outer rainbands of Sally prompted a tornado warning east of Tampa near Sebring on September 12. The next day, another storm prompted two tornado warnings in southwestern Lee County. Several special marine warnings were also issued for the Florida coast due to possible waterspouts. An EF0 tornado south of Marianna damaged a shed and uprooted several trees on September 16. Sally caused heavy rainfall and moderate flooding in South Florida and the Florida Keys, with nearly  falling over Marathon, over  in Key West and peaking at  in Lower Matecumbe Key. Tropical storm-force gusts were reported in portions of the Miami metropolitan area.

The Panhandle area east of where Sally made landfall suffered the brunt of the storm in Florida. In Escambia County, which includes Pensacola, the sheriff kept police deputies out helping residents "as long as physically possible". In Santa Rosa County, the  City of Gulf Breeze  was impacted with widespread wind damage, storm surge flooding, and over  of rainfall in the first 24 hours and over 30 inches in 48 hours. Several area tornadoes also occurred. Damage totals are estimated to be $7 million to Gulf Breeze public facilities. The unincorporated Tiger Point saw  of rain, while Bellview saw . In Pensacola itself, over  of rain fell and storm surge flooding reached , the third highest surge ever recorded in the city. Many streets were flooded and several parked cars were totaled when water got into their engines. Late on September 15, twenty-two barges in the Pensacola Bay broke loose due to heavy surf. Five of the barges washed up near downtown while the sixth was involved in another collision. The seventh lodged itself underneath the Garcon Point Bridge while the final one became lodged underneath the Pensacola Bay Bridge, located between cities of Pensacola and the Gulf Breeze causing the bridge to be temporarily closed. The next morning, a crane fell onto the same bridge, destroying a portion of the roadway. The Florida Department of Transportation was unable to assess any possible damage to the bridge due to ongoing high   Water main breaks occurred inside the Gulf Breeze, causing the city to shut off water from the south side of Highway 98 inside city limits, where the majority of water main breaks occurred in order to isolate the leaks. Water main break also occurred in nearby Pensacola Beach, causing officials to advise residents to fill their bathtubs with water. The city of Panama City reported releases of raw sewage from several locations due to flooding from Hurricane Sally, prompting The Florida Department of Health to issue advises against swimming in Panama City until further notice. In Pensacola, a 27-year-old boater went missing when he left his home in a 12-foot jon, in an attempt to find his mother's pontoon boat that became untethered in the strong currents and whipping winds brought on by the hurricane; one week after his disappearance, his body was found washed ashore near the Blue Angel Recreation Park.  Another person in Pensacola also died after succumbing to carbon monoxide poisoning from indoor generator use. The body of another missing boater, a 45-year-old female kayaker who had also gone missing at the height of the storm, was discovered, marking the third fatality of Pensacola and the state of Florida. The Shoal River in Okaloosa county saw its highest level in 20 years as a result of all the rain that fell from Sally. This resulted in parts of Crestview, Florida being evacuated and bridges on I-10 and SR 85 being closed to all traffic.

Alabama

Continuous onshore flow from Sally caused storm surge flooding to occur on Dauphin Island beginning early on September 14. Two unoccupied riverboat casinos in Bayou La Batre near Mobile broke loose due to the constant wave action with one of them hitting a dock. Fort Morgan, Alabama reported a wind gust of  while Mobile reported a wind gust of . Major structural damage was recorded at the landfall point in Gulf Shores as well as Mobile. A pier in Gulf Shores that was destroyed in Hurricane Ivan in 2004 was partially destroyed again by storm surge from Sally just days after it had reopened following renovations. There were also several reports of damage to condos in the Gulf Shores with a few being destroyed. Meanwhile, in Downtown Mobile, a street light snapped, swinging wildly on its cable. A gas station was destroyed in Spanish Fort, Alabama. Several sewage overflows were reported across Mobile County following heavy rain from Hurricane Sally, causing contamination to Dog River and Rabbit Creek. One person was declared dead and one other missing in Orange Beach, an area most impacted by flooding. Another person died in Foley during the storm cleanup process. Over 2,000 broken poles and 4,300 trees on power lines left over 71,000 households and businesses in southern and central Baldwin County without power, representing 95% of the service area of a local electrical cooperative, Baldwin EMC. Only 5 of 22 substations remained in service the day after the storm. Two days after landfall, on September 18, Alabama governor Kay Ivey said in a news conference that 103,000 customers were still without power in Baldwin County, and another 60,000 in Mobile County. Five days after landfall, Baldwin EMC had restored power to close to 60,000 meters, representing 75% of their subscribers, but 18,197 meters remained without power.

Total damages in Alabama reached $311.895 million (2020 USD).

Elsewhere

The winds from the outer bands of Sally caused the south side of Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana to overflow its banks, flooding Lakeshore Drive. However, no serious damage was reported as the storm veered farther east than originally forecast. Sally brought flooding to Mississippi, with the worst in Jackson County. At the peak of the storm, more than 10,000 people were without power along the Gulf Coast. Pascagoula police reported downed power lines and traffic lights in the city and a power outage on the eastern side of the city. Some parts of South Mississippi also reported uprooted trees and downed signs. Overall damage in Mississippi was expected to be much greater, but was reduced because the storm shifted east. In Georgia, six tornadoes were confirmed, of which two were rated EF1 while the other four were rated EF0. One person was killed and two others were injured after a large oak tree fell onto two homes and several cars in Atlanta. Two other fatalities occurred in metro Atlanta, one in Cobb County where a man died after a slick road caused a driver to lose control of his vehicle and hit the bus stop where the man was waiting at, and another in Gwinnett County where a 71-year-old woman was killed when a tree fell across the roadway, pinning her underneath it. In North Carolina and South Carolina, 16 more tornadoes were also confirmed from September 17–18. Two of them were rated EF1 and two others were rated EFU, while all the others were rated EF0. One person was injured indirectly as he was cleaning up debris from his mobile home following an EF0 tornado in Sardis, South Carolina.

Aftermath
The storm caused widespread power outages across Baldwin County. Restoration of power took several days to bring back to 100%. The cities of Gulf Shores and Foley suffered the most extensive damage in Baldwin County. Due the large amount of damage in the city, a curfew was imposed in Mobile, Alabama, starting on September 16. Immediately after the storm, the Cajun Navy, a nonprofit rescue organization, began surveying damage in Alabama. The agricultural industry of Alabama, which was already under stress due to COVID-related impacts, suffered another devastating blow with many farmers' fields completely flooded, crops torn apart, and structures destroyed. Strong winds and heavy rainfall devastated crops, leaving many farmers across the state without hopes for a successful harvest.

See also

 Tropical cyclones in 2020
 List of Category 2 Atlantic hurricanes
 List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes
 List of Alabama hurricanes
 List of Mississippi hurricanes
 List of Florida hurricanes (2000-present)
 Hurricane Frederic (1979) – Category 4 hurricane that heavily impacted Alabama.
 Hurricane Elena (1985) –  Category 3 hurricane that also stalled in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico.
 Hurricane Danny (1997) – Stalled over Mobile Bay as a Category 1 hurricane.
 Hurricane Georges (1998) – Stalled in Mississippi before crawling eastward to the Florida Panhandle, dumping rainfall and causing extensive river flooding over similar areas.
 Hurricane Ivan (2004) – Affected the same areas on the same date 16 years earlier at Category 3 status, causing extensive damage.
 Tropical Storm Julia (2016) - A weak tropical storm that formed over Florida four years prior to Sally, causing minor damage.

References

External links

 The National Hurricane Center's Advisory Archive on Hurricane Sally
 National Hurricane Center (NHC)

Tropical cyclones in 2020
2020 Atlantic hurricane season
Articles containing video clips
2020 in the Bahamas
2020 in Florida
2020 in Louisiana
2020 in Alabama
2020 in Mississippi
2020 in Georgia (U.S. state)
2020 in South Carolina
2020 in North Carolina
Hurricanes in the Bahamas
Hurricanes in Florida
Hurricanes in Louisiana
Hurricanes in Alabama
Hurricanes in Mississippi
Hurricanes in Georgia (U.S. state)
Hurricanes in South Carolina
Hurricanes in North Carolina
Category 2 Atlantic hurricanes

Hurricane Sally


María Delgado Nadal (born 8 October 1997) is a blind Paralympic swimmer from Spain who has competed in several national and international championships.

Personal
Delgado is from the Aragon region of Spain. She has a vision impairment called congenital toxoplasmosis.  As a result of the condition, she only has peripheral  vision since she was born.

Swimming
Delgado is an S12 classified swimmer, and is a member of the  Aragua AD swimming club.  She is affiliated with ONCE.

Delgado competed at the 2010 Spanish Age Swimming Championships for blind and visually impaired, where she finished first in all but one of the races she competed in.  The remaining race she finished third in. In 2010, she competed at the Paralympic Swimming Championship of Spain by Autonomous Communities, where she won two bronze medals while representing Aragon.

Competing at the 2011 Paralympic Swimming Championship of Spain by Autonomous Communities, Delgado earned a gold medal in the 50 meter backstroke and another in the 100 meter freestyle.  She also earned a silver in the 100 meter backstroke and a bronze in 50 meter freestyle. In 2011, she competed in the swimming component of the Sports Association Championships Aragón Aragua. She competed at the 2011 National Olympiad in the under-16 group.

Delgado was part of project AXA in 2012, which is a program designed to help develop young Spanish sportspeople into elite athletes on the international level.  She took part in a camp in December run by the program which put an emphasis on the technical aspects of swimming.  By that year, she was considered a potential competitor at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. In 2012, she competed at the Paralympic Swimming Championship of Spain by Autonomous Communities, where she finished third in the women's S12 100m butterfly event.  That year, she also competed in the age championships where she earned a gold medal in the 100 meter butterfly and a silver in the 100 freestyle.

In 2013, Delgado trained with the CAR Higher Sports Council in Madrid alongside 25 other sportspeople.
She competed at the 2013 Paralympic Swimming Championship of Spain by Autonomous Communities, where she won a pair of silver medals. She competed at the 2013 Swimming Championship of Catalonia, hosted by the Sabadell Swimming Club, where she was one of nine Spanish swimmers to set a qualifying time for the World Championships. As a 15-year-old, she competed at the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships in Montreal, Canada in the 100 backstroke, 100 butterfly, 100 free and 200 medley.  In preparation for the competition, she trained at the High Performance Center in Madrid.  Her goal going into the competition was to gain competitive experience in preparation for the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

Notes

References

External links

1997 births
Living people
Spanish female backstroke swimmers
Spanish female butterfly swimmers
Spanish female freestyle swimmers
Spanish female medley swimmers
Paralympic swimmers for Spain
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the World Para Swimming Championships
Medalists at the World Para Swimming European Championships
Paralympic medalists in swimming
Paralympic bronze medalists for Spain
Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
S12-classified para swimmers

María Delgado


LazyTown (Icelandic: Latibær) is an Icelandic children's television musical series. The series is educational and teaches children to be healthy and exercise. The program was created Magnús Scheving, an aerobics champion who also plays the character Sportacus, and it is based upon his Icelandic stage plays. The series has won multiple awards.

The show has been very successful and has aired in many countries around the world.

Basis of the program
The show features live-action characters and puppet characters in a colorful town called LazyTown. At the start of the series, the town's citizens are very lazy. The mayor's niece, Stephanie, comes to change that. An athletic superhero named Sportacus helps her. He teaches the children of the town to eat healthy food and exercise each day. However, their fun is often stopped by the town's laziest man, Robbie Rotten. He tries to make the children lazy again and tries to remove Sportacus and Stephanie from the town. Robbie's plans often fail. The show' has an educational message for viewers, and songs or dance numbers performed by the characters. Usually Stephanie is the lead singer or dancer.

Characters
 Sportacus: Sportacus is the main protagonist, a mustached superhero who is a skilled athlete, often moving around by performing acrobatic flips and moves. He lives in an airship. Like Stephanie, he is a skilled singer and dancer. Played by Magnús Scheving (the creator of LazyTown).
 Stephanie: Stephanie is a pink-haired girl who enjoys singing, dancing, and playing sports. Her favorite color is pink as seen with her hair, clothes, and other accessories. Played by Julianna Rose Mauriello and later by Chloe Lang.
 Robbie Rotten: Robbie is the main antagonist, a lazy man who wants the children of LazyTown to remain indoors and be lazy. Played by Stefán Karl Stefánsson.
 Ziggy: A kindhearted boy who eats a lot of sweets and candy. He looks up to Sportacus. Voiced and puppetry by Guðmundur Þór Kárason and Lorraine Parsloe in UK dub.
 Pixel: An intelligent boy who lives in a house filled with robotic gadgets. He often plays video games and uses devices to perform simple tasks instead of doing them himself. Voiced by Kobie Powell and Chris Knowings. Puppetry by Ronald Binion and Julie Westwood and Joanna Ruiz in UK dub.
 Stingy: A greedy and possessive boy who often claims that objects belong to him, even if they do not. He drives around in a car and owns a piggy bank called "Piggy." Voiced and puppetry by Jodi Eichelberger and Sarah Burgess/Julie Westwood in UK dub.
 Trixie: A trouble-making girl who rides around on a scooter. Voiced and puppetry by Sarah Burgess and Aymee Garcia and Joanna Ruiz in UK dub.
 Mayor Milford Meanswell: The town's mayor and Stephanie's uncle. Voiced and puppetry by David Matthew Feldman.
 Bessie Busybody: The mayor's assistant. Voiced and puppetry by Julie Westwood.

Children's television series
2004 television series debuts
2014 television series endings
Icelandic culture

LazyTown