Garry Chalmers Simpson (February 16, 1914 – November 19, 2011) was an American director, writer, and producer for more than 35 years.

Simpson was the first stage manager for NBC Television. He was also known for having directing credits on The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre, Four Star Revue, Armstrong Circle Theatre, and Mary Kay and Johnny, the first sitcom to be broadcast on network television.

Early life and education
Simpson was born Garry Chalmers Simpson on February 16, 1914 in Jackson, Mississippi. He was born to parents Robert Edwin and Edna Simpson (née Hall). His father was an optometrist and his mother was an editor for the local newspaper. Simpson had three brothers; Vernon, Sidney, and Edwin.

His family moved from Jackson to Denver, Colorado when he was five years old. From there, his family moved to San Jose, California. He graduated from San Jose High School in 1932. After graduating high school, he served in the National Guard from  1932 to 1935 and became a corporal. He concluded his studies at Stanford University in 1938 with a Bachelor of Arts in English and drama.

Career
Simpson first started out in show business as a performer. Initially headed to West Point Academy, Simpson wanted to pursue his passion of acting and writing. A screen test with Warner Bros. and radio work in San Francisco, led him to performing in summer stock with Olivia de Havilland in 1938. He was offered a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City, which he accepted - to the embarrassment of his family, refusing his appointment at West Point. It is reported that Havilland gave him $500 the night he left.

In 1939, Simpson was hired as an actor and director's assistant for the Globe Shakespearean Company at the New York World's Fair. After the fair closed, Simpson was hired by NBC as an announcer and model for closed-circuit experimental TV programs. He learned that RCA (who owned NBC) was hiring a promotional unit to demonstrate home TV receivers, a new phenomenon, in department stores across the country. Fascinated with this new technology, his job was to educate the public by creating and directing short entertainment presentations, staged and filmed on location. While auditioning local talent for demonstrations at the toy department of Marshall Fields in Chicago, he discovered puppeteer Burr Tillstrom, later leading to the TV show Kukla, Fran and Ollie. When the Federal Communications Commission finally granted permission for TV stations to broadcast, NBC promoted Simpson to the position of studio stage manager and director of mobile-unit special events.

He worked every show that was produced in the studio. He also directed sporting events and was assigned to supervise the film operations. Films comprised one-third of broadcast time and he was to select all feature films shown and edit them to fit the schedule. His career as a director took off.

Simpson went on to direct hundreds of television programs, sporting events and broadcasts, most notably, Wide Wide World, Armstrong Circle Theatre, Campbell's Soundstage, Ford Festival, The Danny Thomas Show, The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre, and Mary Kay and Johnny, the first sitcom broadcast on network television in the U.S. It was also the first time a couple was shown sharing a bed and a pregnancy on TV. He directed the first-ever broadcast of heavyweight boxing, baseball and horse racing. Other credits include such televised spectaculars from the Ringling Brothers Circus at Madison Square Garden, the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, the Heisman Trophy Awards, President Truman delivering his NAACP speech at the Lincoln Memorial, and the infamous day at the United Nations when Russian Premier Nikita Khrushchev banged his shoe on his desk to make a point.

In addition he wrote and produced many commercials for ad agencies; Lucky Strike, Bell Telephone, Aqua Velva, and Jell-O.

In addition to his positions for NBC, he was a producer of programs for Scophony television, television director for RCA, stage manager for many Off-Broadway productions and the Globe Theatre. He was director of films for the U.S. Signal Corps and the Energy Commission, director of industrial shows for Depicto Films, General Motors, and Armstrong Cork. He also served as director of the Saratoga Summer Theatre, was a guest instructor at the American Theatre Wing, and produced Educational television programs on the Regents TV Project for the state of New York.

Personal life
Simpson wed his wife Kathleen McLean on November 23, 1940. They met at the World's Fair a year earlier. They had four children together; Carolyn, Brian, John and Robin.

In 1979, Simpson retired from ETV and teaching at the University of Vermont, but he never rested. A new home was built in Ferrisburgh, Vermont near Lake Champlain. For the next 22 years he was active in the Charlotte, Vermont and Ferrisburgh Grange, Vergennes Rotary, gardening, and grand- children. In 1997, the Vergennes American Legion Post 14 honored him for his instrumental community service to the Bixby Library. Due to his wife's health complications, a move was made to the lodge at Shelburne Bay in Shelburne, Vermont and then the lodge at Otter Creek in Middlebury, Vermont where for over a decade he cared for her.

Death
Simpson died on November 19, 2011 at his home in Middlebury, Vermont at the age of 97. He and his wife Kathleen had two sons and two daughters.

References

External links

1914 births
2011 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American male writers
American directors
American television producers
Writers from Jackson, Mississippi
Businesspeople from Jackson, Mississippi
National Guard (United States) personnel
United States Army non-commissioned officers

Garry Simpson


Queste sono le università statunitensi che aderiscono alla Division II organizzata dalla NCAA. Vi fanno parte piccole università pubbliche e molte istituzioni private.

Istituti Division II

Alabama
Alabama-Huntsville (Huntsville)
Miles (Fairfield)
Montevallo (Montevallo)
Spring Hill (Mobile)
Tuskegee (Tuskegee)
West Alabama (Livingston)

Alaska
Alaska-Anchorage (Anchorage)
Alaska-Fairbanks (Fairbanks)

Arizona
Nessuno da quando la Grand Canyon University è entrata a far parte della Divisione I nel 2013.

Arkansas
University of Arkansas at Fort Smith (Fort Smith) [2nd Year Exploratory Membership]
University of Arkansas at Monticello (Monticello)
Arkansas Tech University (Russellville)
Harding University (Searcy)
Henderson State University (Arkadelphia)
Ouachita Baptist University (Arkadelphia)
Southern Arkansas University (Magnolia)

California
Academy of Art University (San Francisco)
Azusa Pacific University (Azusa)
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Pomona)
California State University, Chico (Chico)
California State University, Dominguez Hills (Carson)
California State University, East Bay (Hayward)
California State University, Los Angeles (Los Angeles)
California State University, Monterey Bay (Seaside)
California State University, San Bernardino (San Bernardino)
California State University San Marcos (San Marcos)
California State University, Stanislaus (Turlock)
Concordia University Irvine (Irvine)
Dominican University of California (San Rafael)
Fresno Pacific University (Fresno)
Holy Names University (Oakland)
Humboldt State University (Arcata)
Notre Dame de Namur University (Belmont)
San Francisco State University (San Francisco)
Sonoma State University (Rohnert Park)
University of California, San Diego (La Jolla)

Carolina del Nord
Barton College (Wilson)
Belmont Abbey College (Belmont)
Catawba College (Salisbury)
Chowan University (Murfreesboro)
Elizabeth City State University (Elizabeth City)
Fayetteville State University (Fayetteville)
Johnson C. Smith University (Charlotte)
Lees–McRae College (Banner Elk)
Lenoir–Rhyne University (Hickory)
Livingstone College (Salisbury)
Mars Hill University (Mars Hill)
University of Mount Olive (Mount Olive)
University of North Carolina at Pembroke (Pembroke)
Queens University of Charlotte (Charlotte)
St. Augustine's University (Raleigh)
Shaw University (Raleigh)
Wingate University (Wingate)
Winston-Salem State University (Winston-Salem)

Carolina del Sud
Anderson University (Anderson)
Benedict College (Columbia)
Claflin University (Orangeburg)
Coker College (Hartsville)
Converse College (Spartanburg)
Erskine College (Due West)
Francis Marion University (Florence)
Lander University (Greenwood)
Limestone College (Gaffney)
Newberry College (Newberry)
North Greenville College (Tigerville)
University of South Carolina Aiken (Aiken)

Colorado
Adams State College (Alamosa)
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs (Colorado Springs)
Colorado Christian University (Lakewood)
Colorado Mesa University (Grand Junction)
Colorado School of Mines (Golden)
Colorado State University-Pueblo (Pueblo)
Fort Lewis College (Durango)
Metropolitan State College of Denver (Denver)
Regis University (Denver)
Western Colorado University (Gunnison)

Columbia Britannica (Canada)
 Simon Fraser University (Burnaby)

Connecticut
University of Bridgeport (Bridgeport)
University of New Haven (West Haven)
Post University (Waterbury)
Southern Connecticut State University (New Haven)

Dakota del Nord
University of Mary (Bismarck)

Dakota del Sud
Augustana University (Sioux Falls)
Northern State University (Aberdeen)

Delaware
Goldey-Beacom College (Pike Creek Valley)
Wilmington University (New Castle)

District of Columbia
University of the District of Columbia (Washington)

Florida
Barry University (Miami Shores)
Eckerd College (St. Petersburg)
Flagler College (St. Augustine)
Florida Southern College (Lakeland)
Florida Institute of Technology (Melbourne)
Lynn University (Boca Raton)
Nova Southeastern University (Davie)
Palm Beach Atlantic University (West Palm Beach)
Rollins College (Winter Park)
Saint Leo University (St. Leo)
St. Thomas University (Miami Gardens) [2nd Year Exploratory Membership]
University of Tampa (Tampa)
University of West Florida (Pensacola)

Georgia
Albany State University (Albany)
Augusta University (Augusta)
Clark Atlanta University (Atlanta)
Clayton State University (Morrow)
Columbus State University (Columbus)
Fort Valley State University (Fort Valley)
Georgia College and State University (Milledgeville)
Georgia Southwestern State University (Americus)
Morehouse College (Atlanta)
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega)
Paine College (Augusta)
Valdosta State University (Valdosta)
University of West Georgia (Carrollton)

Hawaii
Brigham Young University-Hawaii (Lāie)
Chaminade University of Honolulu (Honolulu)
University of Hawaii at Hilo (Hilo)
Hawaii Pacific University (Honolulu)

Idaho
Northwest Nazarene University (Nampa)

Illinois
University of Illinois at Springfield (Springfield) [2nd Year Exploratory Membership]
Lewis University (Romeoville)
Quincy University (Quincy)

Indiana
University of Indianapolis (Indianapolis)
Oakland City University (Oakland City)
Saint Joseph's College (Indiana) (Rensselaer)
University of Southern Indiana (Evansville)

Iowa
Upper Iowa University (Fayette)

Kansas
Emporia State University (Emporia)
Fort Hays State University (Hays)
Newman University (Wichita)
Pittsburg State University (Pittsburg)
Washburn University (Topeka)

Kentucky
Bellarmine University (Louisville)
Kentucky State University (Frankfort)
Kentucky Wesleyan College (Owensboro)

Maryland
Bowie State University (Bowie)
Columbia Union College (Takoma Park)

Massachusetts
American International College (Springfield)
Assumption College (Worcester)
Bentley College (Waltham)
Merrimack College (North Andover)
Stonehill College (North Easton)

Michigan
Ferris State University (Big Rapids)
Grand Valley State University (Allendale)
Hillsdale College (Hillsdale)
Lake Superior State University (Sault Ste. Marie)
Michigan Technological University (Houghton)
Northern Michigan University (Marquette)
Northwood University (Midland)
Saginaw Valley State University (University Center)
Wayne State University (Detroit)

Minnesota
Bemidji State University (Bemidji)
Concordia University (St. Paul)
University of Minnesota Crookston (Crookston)
University of Minnesota Duluth (Duluth)
Minnesota State University Mankato (Mankato)
Minnesota State University Moorhead (Moorhead)
St. Cloud State University (St. Cloud)
Southwest Minnesota State University (Marshall)
Winona State University (Winona)

Mississippi
Delta State University (Cleveland)

Missouri
University of Central Missouri (Warrensburg)
Drury University (Springfield)
Lincoln University (Jefferson City)
Maryville University (Maryville) [1st Year Exploratory Membership]
Missouri University of Science and Technology (Rolla)
Missouri Southern State University (Joplin)
Missouri Western State University (St. Joseph)
Northwest Missouri State University (Maryville)
Rockhurst University (Kansas City)
Southwest Baptist University (Bolivar)
Truman State University (Kirksville)
University of Missouri–St. Louis (St. Louis)

Montana
Montana State University-Billings (Billings)

Nebraska
Chadron State College (Chadron)
University of Nebraska at Kearney (Kearney)
Wayne State College (Wayne)

New Hampshire
Franklin Pierce University (Rindge)
Saint Anselm College (Goffstown)
Southern New Hampshire University (Manchester)

New Jersey
Bloomfield College (Bloomfield)
Caldwell College (Caldwell)
Felician College (Lodi)
Georgian Court University (Lakewood)

New York
Adelphi University (Garden City)
Briarcliffe College (Long Island) [1st Year Exploratory Membership]
The College of Saint Rose (Albany)
Concordia College (Bronxville)
Dominican College (Orangeburg)
Dowling College (Oakdale)
Long Island University-C.W. Post (Brookville)
Le Moyne College (DeWitt/Syracuse)
Mercy College (Dobbs Ferry)
Molloy College (Rockville Centre)
New York Institute of Technology (Old Westbury)
Nyack College (Nyack)
Pace University (New York/Westchester County)
Queens College (Queens)
St. Thomas Aquinas College (Sparkill)

Nuovo Messico
Eastern New Mexico University (Portales)
New Mexico Highlands University (Las Vegas)
Western New Mexico University (Silver City)

Ohio
Ashland University (Ashland)
Central State University (Wilberforce)
University of Findlay (Findlay)
Lake Erie College (Painesville) [Provisional Member for 2008]
Ohio Dominican University (Columbus) [1st Year Exploratory Membership]
Tiffin University (Tiffin)
Urbana University (Urbana) [2nd Year Exploratory Membership]

Oklahoma
Cameron University (Lawton)
University of Central Oklahoma (Edmond)
East Central University (Ada)
Northeastern State University (Tahlequah)
Oklahoma Panhandle State University (Goodwell)
Southeastern Oklahoma State University (Durant)
Southwestern Oklahoma State University (Weatherford)

Oregon
Western Oregon University (Monmouth)

Pennsylvania
Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania (Bloomsburg)
California University of Pennsylvania (California)
Chestnut Hill College (Filadelfia)
Cheyney University of Pennsylvania (Cheyney)
Clarion University of Pennsylvania (Clarion)
East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania (East Stroudsburg)
Edinboro University of Pennsylvania (Edinboro)
Gannon University (Erie)
Holy Family University (Filadelfia)
Indiana University of Pennsylvania (Indiana)
Kutztown University of Pennsylvania (Kutztown)
Lincoln University of Pennsylvania  (Chester County) [2nd year Exploratory Membership]
Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania (Lock Haven)
Mansfield University of Pennsylvania (Mansfield)
Mercyhurst College (Erie)
Millersville University of Pennsylvania (Millersville)
Philadelphia University (Filadelfia)
University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (Filadelfia)
University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown (Johnstown)
Seton Hill University (Greensburg)
Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania (Shippensburg)
Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania (Slippery Rock)
West Chester University of Pennsylvania (West Chester)

Puerto Rico
University of Puerto Rico at Bayamon (Bayamón)
University of Puerto Rico at Cayey (Cayey)
University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez (Mayagüez)
University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras (Río Piedras)

Tennessee
Carson-Newman College (Jefferson City)
Christian Brothers University (Memphis)
King College (Bristol) [2nd Year Exploratory Membership]
Lambuth University (Jackson) [1st Year Exploratory Membership]
Lane College (Jackson)
LeMoyne-Owen College (Memphis)
Lincoln Memorial University (Harrogate)
Tusculum College (Tusculum)

Texas
Angelo State University (San Angelo)
Dallas Baptist University (Dallas)
Midwestern State University (Wichita Falls)
St. Edward's University (Austin)
St. Mary's University (San Antonio)
Tarleton State University (Stephenville)
Texas A&M International University (Laredo)
Texas A&M University-Commerce (Commerce)
Texas A&M University-Kingsville (Kingsville)
University of Texas of the Permian Basin (Odessa)
Texas Woman's University (Denton)
West Texas A&M University (Canyon)

Utah
Dixie State University (St. George)

Vermont
St. Michael's College (Colchester)

Virginia
St. Paul's College (Lawrenceville)
Virginia State University (Petersburg)
Virginia Union University (Richmond)
University of Virginia's College at Wise (Wise)

Virginia Occidentale
Alderson Broaddus University (Philippi)
Bluefield State College (Bluefield)
University of Charleston (Charleston)
Concord University (Athens)
Davis and Elkins College (Elkins)
Fairmont State University (Fairmont)
Glenville State College (Glenville)
Ohio Valley University (Vienna)
Salem International University (Salem)
Shepherd University (Shepherdstown)
West Liberty University (West Liberty)
West Virginia State University (Institute)
West Virginia Wesleyan College (Buckhannon)
Wheeling Jesuit University (Wheeling)

Washington
Central Washington University (Ellensburg)
St. Martin's University (Lacey)
Seattle Pacific University (Seattle)
Western Washington University (Bellingham)

Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin-Parkside (Kenosha)

Voci correlate
 Istituti NCAA Division I
 Istituti NCAA Division III

National Collegiate Athletic Association
Liste di sport
Liste di università

Istituti NCAA Division II


Just for Love is the fourth album by American psychedelic rock band Quicksilver Messenger Service. Released in August 1970, it marks the culmination of a transition from the extended, blues- and jazz-inspired improvisations of their first two albums to a more traditional rock sound. Founding member Dino Valenti, who returned to the band after a stint in prison on drug charges, was largely responsible for the new sound. Valenti's influence is readily apparent throughout; he composed eight of the album's nine tracks under the pen name Jesse Oris Farrow. Despite the marked change in the band's sound, it was their third straight album to reach the Top 30 on the Billboard charts, peaking at number 27. The only single culled from the album, "Fresh Air", became the band's biggest hit, reaching number 49.

Track listing
All songs written by Jesse Oris Farrow, except where noted.

Side one
"Wolf Run (Part 1)" – 1:12
"Just for Love (Part 1)" – 3:00
"Cobra" (John Cipollina) – 4:23
"The Hat" – 10:36

Side two
"Freeway Flyer" – 3:49
"Gone Again" – 7:17
"Fresh Air" – 5:21
"Just for Love (Part 2)" – 1:38
"Wolf Run (Part 2)" – 2:10

Personnel
 Dino Valenti – guitar, lead vocals, flute, conga
 Gary Duncan – guitar, backing vocals, bass, maracas, wood block
 John Cipollina –  steel, slide and electric guitars, backing vocals
 David Freiberg – bass, backing vocals, guitar
 Greg Elmore – drums, percussion
 Nicky Hopkins – piano

Charts
Album

Single

References

Quicksilver Messenger Service albums
1970 albums
Capitol Records albums

Just for Love


Software Design and Development (SDD) is the study of designing and developing software. SDD is also a subject offered to senior high school students in Australia in university entrance exams such as the Higher School Certificate (HSC) and the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE).

Victoria

VCE Course
In Victoria, the course in the VCE is known as Information Technology: Software Development.

New South Wales

HSC Course
In New South Wales, SDD is separated into the Preliminary (Year 11) and HSC (Year 12) courses. A prerequisite for the HSC Course is successful completion of the Preliminary Course, which is the same for any other course in the HSC. The course also often requires a major project, in which students must plan, design and develop a software application. The course in NSW is set out in the NSW Board of Studies (now known as the New South Wales Education Standards Authority) HSC Software Design and Development syllabus document.

Preliminary Course
Concepts and Issues in the Design and Development of Software (30%)
Social and ethical issues
Hardware and software
Software development approaches
Introduction to Software Development (50%)
Defining the problem and planning software solutions
Building software solutions
Checking software solutions
Modifying software solutions

Developing Software Solutions (20%)

Course Structure
Development and Impact of Software Solutions (15%)
Social and ethical issues
Application of software development approaches

Software Development Cycle (40%)
Defining and understanding the problem
Planning and design of software solutions
Implementation of software solutions
Testing and evaluation of software solutions
Maintenance of software solutions

Developing a Solution Package (25%)

Options (20%)
One of the following options:
Programming paradigms, or
The interrelationship between hardware and software

See also
Information Processes and Technology, which is a similar course offered in the HSC.

References

External links
Board of Studies Website

Education in Australia by subject
Information technology education
Vocational education in Australia

Software Design and Development


The Ponte dei Saraceni is an ancient stone and brick bridge, presumably originally built by the Ancient Romans, over the river Simeto in Adrano, region of Sicily, Italy.

While the base of the bridge at parts is likely of the original Roman construction, it was apparently rebuilt during the Norman conquest, leading to the arch framed in stones of alternating colors and creating an acute angle arch. Further damage occurred during the 1693 Sicily earthquake, leading again to reconstruction, but by the end of the 18th-century, the bridge was downgraded to a pedestrian trail, while the Biscari aqueduct bridge (begun in 1761 and completed in 1791) replaced the function of being the connection to Catania form Northwest Sicily. The smaller arches of the bridge differ in sizes and angle, are reconstructions done after a flood in 1948. Upstream of the river (or stream) the water has made grooves into the volcanic lava.

References

Roman bridges in Italy
Stone bridges in Italy
Bridges in Sicily
Buildings and structures in Adrano

Ponte dei Saraceni, Adrano


Donald Tai Loy "Don" Ho (; August 13, 1930 – April 14, 2007) was a Hawaiian  musician, singer and actor.

Early life
Ho is of Chinese, Hawaiian, Portuguese, Dutch, and German descent. He was born in the small Honolulu neighborhood of Kakaako. Ho grew up in Kāneohe on island of Oahu. He was a graduate of the Kamehameha Schools in 1949. He attended Springfield College on a football scholarship in 1950. Ho left Springfield and returned home to earn a bachelor's degree in sociology at University of Hawai'i in 1953. In 1954, Ho entered the United States Air Force. He did his basic training at Keesler AFB, Mississippi. Ho spent time flying fighter jets in both Texas and Hawaii. When he was sent to Hamilton AFB, California, he went to the local town of Concord and bought an electronic keyboard from a music store. He was known to say, "That's when it all started."

Don married the girl he was in love with in high school, Melvamay Kolokea Wong, on November 21, 1951. She was the mother to the first six of his children. Ho was married for 48 years until she died on June 8, 1999. While in the military, Ho lived in many states with his family until he was called home to help his mother Honey Ho, with the family bar business called Honey's.

Singing career
Ho left the United States Air Force in 1959 due to his mother's illness. He began singing at his mother's club in Kaneohe. Honey's became a main location for the local entertainment. Many of their customers were from the Kaneohe Marine Base.. Ho always honored the military. He remembered his own years of military service. In 1963, he moved the club in Kāneohe  to Waikīkī. After much success, Kimo Wilder McVay wanted Don to play at a night club called Duke's. It was owned by Duke Kahanamoku. This was where he was noticed by record company officials.

Ho was first signed to Reprise Records. He released his first album, Don Ho Show, in 1965. Ho began to play places in Las Vegas, Lake Tahoe, and New York City. In 1966, he released his second album. It was  a live album called Don Ho — Again!. This album charted in the early part of that year. In the fall of 1966, Ho released his most famous song, "Tiny Bubbles". The song charted on both the pop (#8 Billboard) and easy listening charts. The  Tiny Bubbles LP was in the album Top 20 for almost a year.

Acting
Ho had many guest appearances on television series. These included I Dream of Jeannie, The Brady Bunch, Sanford and Son, Batman, Charlie's Angels, and Fantasy Island. Although his album sales peaked in the late 1960s, he was able to get a television series on ABC from October 1976 to March 1977. It was called the Don Ho Show. It was a variety program and was broadcast on weekday mornings.

Personal life
Ho had ten children. His children often worked with him either. They either performed with him or were a part of the business part of his performances. He loved to work with his children. He taught them the entertainment business. His daughter, Hoku, performed with her father in his Waikīkī show. In 2000, she went on to become a well known singer. In 2005, he sang a song that was used as the opening theme to the direct-to-video and DVD movie Aloha, Scooby-Doo!.

Illness
In 1995 at the age of 65, Ho's health began to get bad. He had a small stroke. By 2002, he had a heart condition that could not be fixed. He was always hopeful no matter how bad his health was. He always felt there was a way to fix things. He also kept singing ever night.

Ho was diagnosed with cardiomyopathy in 2005.  He had a pacemaker implanted. He talked with a biotechnology company that dealt with treating heart conditions with adult stem cells. This company was working with Dr. Shoa, cardiac surgeon and one of the first people to work with adult stem cells for heart disease. On December 6, 2005, Ho had his own stem cells put into his heart by Amit Patel and his other doctors in Thailand. The treatment went without problems. Later in the month, Ho said, "I'm feeling much better and I'm so happy I came up here to do it."

Around September 12, 2006, Ho married Haumea Hebenstreit. She worked on his show in Waikīkī. A few days later Ho went into cardiac arrest. He had had a new pacemaker installed on September 16, 2006, but still died in Waikīkī from heart failure on April 14, 2007.

References

Other websites

Don Ho's authorized autobiography, DON HO: My Music, My Life with Jerry Hopkins.

Obituary from the Sydney Morning Herald
Obituary on the Star Bulletin

1930 births
2007 deaths
Actors from Hawaii
American movie actors
American television actors
Singers from Hawaii
Musicians from Hawaii
Military people from Hawaii
People from Honolulu

Don Ho


Jun, or Xun, is a fermented drink similar to kombucha, differing only in that its base ingredients are green tea and honey instead of black tea and cane sugar. Jun is brewed by fermenting green tea (which has been sweetened with honey) with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Fruits, sweeteners, spices, and other flavor enhancers are also commonly added to make the taste of the beverage more appealing. Though Jun bears similarities to other fermented drinks like kombucha, water kefir, and kvass, it has enough differences to be considered a distinct drink.

Background

Origin and ingredients
Jun can be thought of as a cousin of kombucha. Jun is composed primarily of green tea and honey, whereas kombucha is made of black tea and cane sugar. The fermentation process also requires a symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Jun has a sweeter taste, higher price, (due to the cost of its ingredients), and limited availability. Although it is still not clear where Jun was initially created, it is claimed by Western vendors to have been developed thousands of years ago by the monks of Bon in Tibet and northern China.

American food writer Sandor Katz casts doubt on this claim, however, and believes it to be a modern invention that has been attributed to Tibet as a marketing gimmick: "The lack of credible information on the history of jun leads me to the conclusion that it is a relatively recent divergence from the kombucha family tree. Some websites claim that it comes from Tibet, where it has been made for 1,000 years; unfortunately, books on Tibetan food, and even a specialized book on Himalayan ferments, contain no mention of it."

Fermentation process

The fermentation process for jun typically takes 5–7 days, which is much quicker than most other fermented drinks. Brewing jun technically only requires one step, but is often done in two steps as the additional procedure can add the flavor and carbonation that makes the drink more palatable. Creating jun requires a jar (glass or porcelain are typically used), a SCOBY (symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast), honey, green tea, and filtered water. Actual measurements will vary depending on the recipe used and personal preference.

Primary fermentation

During the first step of the process, also known as primary fermentation, the living organisms in the SCOBY will consume the honey and give the drink its signature flavor. To brew jun, green tea should be steeped in boiling water for up to 10 minutes. It should then be cooled to room temperature, after which the honey should be added and mixed until it is completely dissolved. After this, the SCOBY should be added to the jar, which should then be covered and left to ferment. Ideal fermentation temperature for jun is between 70-80 degrees Fahrenheit. After five days, the jun should be tasted and assessed for sweetness. If it is too sweet, it should be left to continue fermenting and tasted daily until it reaches the desired level (it can be left to ferment for up to 21 days).

Secondary fermentation

The secondary fermentation is not required, but adds carbonation and additional flavor that many jun drinkers prefer to the unflavored jun brewed in primary fermentation. For this step, the unflavored jun should be bottled in an airtight container with fruits, honey, spices, or any other flavoring agent the brewer wants to add. The closed environment prevents the carbon dioxide created from escaping, resulting in carbonation. The secondary fermentation should be cultured for 1–3 days at room temperature, and then the bottle should be opened and refrigerated until consumed. The longer the secondary fermentation, the more intensely carbonated and flavored the jun will be.

Jun production

Within the United States, there are two main jun producers. Huney Jun is based in Leavenworth, Washington and brews several flavors of jun. This company distributes the drink in local grocery stores as well as on the store website. Wild Tonic, based in Arizona, also brews jun locally, but sells it on larger platforms such as Amazon, Instacart, and Uber Eats. It is also common for jun to be brewed by hand at home as there are many blogs and recipes available on the internet.

Comparison to kombucha

Jun and kombucha are similar in terms of their brewing methods. The major difference between the two is their main ingredients: jun is brewed with green tea and honey, whereas kombucha uses black tea and sugar. Due to this difference, though the taste of jun and kombucha resemble each other, jun is typically fizzier and less acidic.

References

Chinese tea
Fermented drinks
Food and drink in Tibet
Honey-based beverages

Jun (drink)


The Croad Langshan is an  old, heavy, soft-feathered chicken breed which probably originated in China.

Origin

The first recorded imports came from the Langshan ('Wolf Mountain') area in the outskirts of Nantong, just north of the lower reaches of the Yangtse-Kiang River in China) in 1872 and were undertaken by Major F.T. Croad who imported the breed into Britain. Major Croad's niece, Miss A. C. Croad, has been credited with establishing the breed in Britain. The Croad Langshan Club was formed in Britain in 1904. The name 'Croad' distinguishes the original type of Langshan, imported by Major Croad, which were a utility fowl of great merit, from the tall Modern Langshans which have been developed for the show pen. As with many other breeds, numbers declined after the Second World War and eventually the breed was left without a breed club in the UK. It was rescued by the Rare Poultry Society until in 1979 the club was reformed.

Langshans were also imported to North America in 1878 and admitted to the standard in 1883. White Langshans were admitted to the standard ten years later in 1893. There are three varieties of Langshans that have been accepted to the US standard - Black, White, and Blue. The latter was not accepted to the standard until 1987.

In 1879 the breed was brought to Germany. The German Langshans were derived from these and soon replaced them. After the Second World War Croad Langshans were reintroduced to Germany from the USA.

The original Croad Langshans were black with a brilliant green sheen and that is still the main colour kept today.

Characteristics
The Croad Langshan is large in body, has a deep and long breast which is carried well forward; the back is rather long and sloping with the tail rising sharply from the back, giving the characteristic 'U' shape. The head is small compared to the body size, the beak is light to dark horn in colour; the comb is medium-sized, single and carried upright in both sexes. The shanks and outer toes are slightly feathered. In the original birds the males topped 10 lb/4.5 kg; today cocks weigh 9.5 lbs/3.75-4.25 kg and hens 7.5 lbs/3-3.5 kg. Hatching eggs should weigh at least 58g.

In the early 20th century Croad Langshans became a popular utility breed, doing well in laying trials. The hens lay 140-150 eggs a year and are good winter layers; the eggs are dark brown with a plum-coloured bloom. The hens are excellent sitters and mothers. Croad Langshans are easily tamed and adapt well to both confinement and free range. They do well in sheltered conditions and dry soils but are not well suited to very exposed conditions. Under suitable conditions they thrive well and are very productive. Their flesh is fine in texture and of excellent quality.

The American Poultry Association recognises three colour varieties: black and white were recognised in 1883, and blue in 1987.
Many other breeds were created using Langshan blood in the foundation matings. These include, for example, Barnevelders, Black Orpingtons, and Marans. Langshans still exist in China today.

See also
 Australian Langshan
 German Langshan
 Modern Langshan
 List of chicken breeds

References

External links
Website of the British Croad Langshan Club
German Langshan Breeders Association of 1895 (German language website)
Rare Breeds Survival Trust, Britain
Feathersite photo collection
poultryhub.org Fancy Chicken Breeds - Langshan
Belgian Website of Croad Langshan

Conservation Priority Breeds of the Livestock Conservancy
Chicken breeds originating in China
Chicken breeds
Animal breeds on the RBST Watchlist
Langshans

Croad Langshan


In the United States, identity documents are typically the regional state-issued driver's license or identity card, while also the Social Security card (or just the Social Security number) and the United States Passport Card may serve as national identification. The United States passport itself also may serve as identification. There is, however, no official "national identity card" in the United States, in the sense that there is no federal agency with nationwide jurisdiction that directly issues an identity document to all US citizens for mandatory regular use.

There have been proposals to nationalize ID cards, as currently citizens are identified by a patchwork of documents issued by both the federal government as well as individual state and local governments.

It is both a political issue and a practical one, and the idea of federalism is cited as supporting federated (regional) identification. All legislative attempts to create a national identity card have failed due to tenacious opposition from liberal and conservative politicians alike, who regard the national identity card as the mark of a totalitarian society.

The most common national photo identity documents are the passport and passport card, which are issued by the U.S. Department of State to U.S. nationals only upon voluntary application. Issuance of these documents is discretionary - that is, for various reasons, the State Department can refuse an application for a passport or passport card.

More recently, various trusted traveler programs have been opened to the public in the United States, including TSA Precheck, SENTRI, NEXUS, FAST (Free and Secure Trade), and Global Entry. With the exception of TSA Precheck, which provides a unique "Known Traveler Number", these programs provide photo IDs issued by the Department of Homeland Security and are considered national photo IDs.

The driver's license, which is issued by each individual state, operates as the de facto national identity card due to the ubiquity of driving in the United States. Each state also issues a non-driver state identity card which fulfills the same identification functions as the driver's license, but does not permit the operation of a motor vehicle.

Social Security cards have federal jurisdiction but cannot verify identity. They verify only the match between a given name and a Social Security Number (SSN) and were intended only for use in complying with Social Security payroll tax laws. They now are used in a wider scope of activities, such as for obtaining credit and other regulated financial services in banking and investments.

Birth certificate

The birth certificate is the initial identification document issued to parents shortly after the birth of their child. The birth certificate is typically issued by local governments, usually the city or county where a child is born. It is an important record, often called a "feeder document," because it establishes U.S. citizenship through birthright citizenship, which is then used to obtain, or is the basis for, all other identity documents. By itself, the birth certificate is usually only considered proof of citizenship but not proof of identity, since it is issued without a photograph at birth, containing no identifying features. A birth certificate is normally produced along with proof of identity, such as a driver's license or the testimony of a third party (such as a parent), to establish identity or entitlement to a service.

A child born abroad to two U.S. citizen parents, or one citizen parent and one non-citizen, also typically has citizenship from birth. Such births are registered with the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate. If the embassy or consulate determines the child acquired citizenship at birth, it issues a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, also known as Form FS-240. A birth certificate will also be issued locally in the country where the child was born. The consular report is proof of U.S. citizenship and may be used to obtain a passport for the child and register the child for school, among other purposes.

Social Security card

The Social Security number (SSN) and card are issued by the Social Security Administration. Almost all parents voluntarily apply for a Social Security number shortly after the birth of a child. In the absence of a national identity card (and concordant national identity number), the Social Security number has become the de facto national identifier for a large variety of purposes, both governmental and non-governmental.

The SSN was created to ensure accurate reporting of a worker's wages to the Social Security Administration. Prior to 1986, it was common to apply for a SSN shortly before it might be needed, most often when a teenager. Tax reform acts of 1986, 1988, and 1990 required parents to supply the SSN of children over age 5, 2, or 1 respectively, to receive an income tax deduction for the child. This led to parents applying for their children's SSN at birth.

Because their original purpose was so limited, Social Security cards were not designed with the rigorous security measures typically expected of identity documents. They do not have a photograph or physical description of the bearer, nor are they required to be renewed. Therefore, the Social Security card is not usually considered proof of identity, only proof that the person named on the card holds the number indicated on the card. It is normally used in conjunction with other documents, such as a photo ID, to prove that the person holding the card is legally present in the U.S. and has the right to work in the U.S. (unless the card is marked with a restriction).

Many organizations, universities, and corporations historically used SSNs to uniquely identify their customer or student populations. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, also known as the Buckley Amendment, required changes that eliminated the use of the SSN as an identifier for a student. Educational institutions now request the SSN at first contact as required by other federal laws and assign their own unique number to each person to maintain the individual's privacy as required. Other laws require the SSN be associated with interest-bearing accounts, interest-paying loans, most public assistance programs, and state-issued identification, e.g. driver's licenses. To reduce the incidence of identity theft, several states have passed laws that require institutions using the SSN to assign their own identifier numbers to individuals, and prohibit them from using the SSN as a primary key.

State-issued driver's license/ID card
A driver's license is issued by each state's DMV, which is required to drive. Each state's DMV can also issue a state identification card. It does not contain any endorsements to operate vehicles and can be used as official identification where asked for or needed.

In addition to verifying driving privileges, drivers' licenses are used to purchase automobile insurance or during a police traffic stop and serve as the primary form of identity for American adults. They are widely used by both government entities and private businesses to verify identity or age, such as in entering secure government facilities, boarding a commercial airliner, business transactions, or in the purchase of age-restricted items such as alcoholic beverages or cigarettes.

Drivers' licenses issued in any state are recognized as valid identity documents in all other states under a variety of legal principles like comity and the Full Faith and Credit Clause of the United States Constitution. However, if a person permanently moves to another state as a resident, state laws usually give a period of time, such as 60 days, in which a person must surrender his out-of-state license for the license of his new home state.

Driver's licenses include a gender marker, typically either "M" or "F". This has been changing in the early 21st century. As of September 2019, at least 14 states and the District of Columbia offer a third, gender-neutral option beyond "male" and "female" to serve people with nonbinary gender identities.

Requirement to carry identification

Although many American adults carry their drivers' licenses at all times when they are outside their homes, there is no legal requirement that they must carry their licenses when not operating a vehicle. However, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada that states are permitted to require people to truthfully state their name when a police officer asks them, and more than half of the states (as well as the District of Columbia) have enacted some variant of stop and identify statutes requiring compliance with such police inquiries. In some states, such as California, failure to produce an identification document upon citation for any traffic infraction (such as riding a bicycle on the wrong side of a street) is sufficient justification for full custodial arrest.

REAL ID Act

Prior to 2005, each state designed its own driver's license according to its own standards. In 2005, the U.S. Congress passed a controversial bill known as the REAL ID Act, which established uniform standards for the design and content of state drivers' licenses and delegated authority to the Department of Homeland Security to implement and regulate compliance with the Act. One of the more-controversial aspects of the Act involves requirements for linking of license and ID card databases.

Passport and passport card

United States passports are issued by the U.S. Department of State. Applications for passports are most often filed at United States Postal Service offices or local county or municipal clerk's offices.  For many years, passports were not required for U.S. citizens to re-enter from countries near the United States (including Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and most Caribbean and Central American nations.) In light of this, and given the country's immense size and the great distances which the average citizen lives from an international border, passport possession in the United States had remained relatively low. Indeed, most Americans normally did not obtain passports or carry them regularly unless traveling abroad, and as of 2006, only 60 million (20% of Americans) had passports. As of 2011, approximately 37% of Americans have passports or passport cards.

However, in response to recommendations in the 9/11 Commission Report, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security now requires proof of citizenship for people entering the United States from neighboring countries. This requirement is known as the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, and was implemented in stages:

 On January 23, 2007, a passport, U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Mariner's Document, or NEXUS card became mandatory when re-entering from those locations when traveling by air, with a few exceptions.
 On January 31, 2008, officers at land and sea ports of entry stopped taking oral declarations of citizenship from travelers; all individuals entering the U.S. are now required to present documentary proof of identity and citizenship.
 Beginning July 1, 2009, people entering the United States by land or sea must present a passport, passport card, or other document proving citizenship or permanent resident status.

By law, an unexpired U.S. passport (or passport card) is conclusive proof of U.S. nationality (though not necessarily citizenship) and has the same force and effect as proof of United States nationality as certificates of naturalization or of citizenship, if issued to a U.S. citizen for the full period allowed by law.

Passport card

The main purpose of the U.S. passport card is to provide a more convenient wallet-sized identity and travel document for citizens who want to carry an official federal ID and for those who live near a land border. It can be used for land and sea travel between the United States and Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean and Bermuda but cannot be used for other countries or for international air travel. Other than these travel limitations, the passport card carries the same rights and privileges as the passport book. The passport card is also accepted as valid identification for domestic air travel inside the United States and for domestic use.

When outside the United States and the above-mentioned countries, the passport card can be used as identification and proof of citizenship within a particular country, even though it is not valid for travel internationally (i.e., traveling from Germany to Switzerland/Austria/France/etc.).

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has indicated that the U.S. Passport Card may be used in the Employment Eligibility Verification Form (also known as the I-9) process. The passport card is considered a "List A" document that may be presented by newly hired employees during the employment eligibility verification process to show work authorized status. "List A" documents are those used by employees to prove both identity and work authorization when completing the Form I-9.

Department of Defense Identification Card

Members of the military and employees of the Department of Defense receive identity documents based on their status.  A Geneva Conventions Identification Card (called a Common Access Card or CAC) is issued to Active Duty and Selected Reserve service members, DOD employees, and some contractors.  Adult dependents of service members, retired service members, and members of the inactive ready reserve receive a different kind of military ID that does not contain the smart card cryptographic chip that the Common Access Card has.

A DOD identification card number usually matches the holder's Social Security Number. However, on June 1, 2011, the DOD began phasing out use of the SSN to protect service members' identities. It was replaced with a 10-digit DOD ID Number and a 12-digit Benefits ID Number.

Immigration
Immigration and travel documents such as the Green Card or a visa can be used to prove identity and the right to work in the United States (if applicable)

The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 added Section 264(e), "Every alien, eighteen years of age and over, shall at all times carry with him and have in his personal possession any certificate of alien registration or alien registration receipt card issued to him pursuant to subsection (d). Any alien who fails to comply with the provisions of this subsection shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall upon conviction for each offense be fined not to exceed $100 or be imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both." Citing case laws, reliable authors, incl. those at American Jurisprudence, have written that there are probable causes to arrest immigrant who fails to produce the documentation by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement unless proven otherwise.

Other identity documents

In the absence of a national identity card, the typical adult in the United States often possesses a large number of documents issued by many different public and private entities to prove their identity.

For citizens who acquire United States citizenship not by virtue of being born in the United States, the federal government issues a Certificate of U.S. Citizenship or Certificate of Naturalization, which are documents that function similarly to a birth certificate. These two documents, along with a U.S. passport, are by law one of the few primary documents for proving U.S. citizenship. These certificates are normally not carried on a day-to-day basis; instead, they are used to procure other documents, such as a passport or driver's license, which are then carried and used as a primary means of identification.

The federal government also issues a variety of other documents and cards which can be used to establish identity. Trusted traveler cards are issued by US Customs and Border Protection to indicate participation in the NEXUS, SENTRI, or Global Entry programs used to facilitate expedited entry through customs. Within the marine trades (and supporting trades thereof), the Transportation Worker Identification Credential provides unescorted access to secured port facilitates.

Federal, state, and local governments and agencies typically issue identification cards for their employees. These cards can be used to prove identity outside of the workplace. Although there are varying degrees of acceptance, government workplace identification is generally seen as more trustworthy than workplace identification from a private company. A notable example is the Department of Defense's Common Access Card, which functions as the military's primary ID card.

There are a variety of secondary documents used to establish identity. However, these documents are typically not accepted as a primary form of identification. They are typically only used to obtain a primary form of identification (usually a driver's license or passport), when other forms of identification have been lost or stolen, or as auxiliary documents in conjunction with a primary form of identification. These other documents include:
 Access documents issued by private or governmental organizations, such as a press pass or a backstage pass
 Baptismal certificate
 City identification card
 Clinic, doctor or hospital record
 Credit cards and debit cards
 Day care or nursery school record
 Deed for ownership of real estate, which is often used as proof of residence or address.
 Divorce Decree
 Health insurance card issued by a private health insurance company, by Medicare, or by a government agency
 Hunting license
 Internal identification card issued by one's employer, university, or school
 Library card
 License documents issued by government organizations authorizing privileges other than driving, such as an amateur radio license, pilot's license, or concealed firearm permit
 Marriage certificate
 Massachusetts Liquor Identification Card (do not have to be a Massachusetts resident)
 Medical cannabis card
 Proof of automobile insurance card (when driving), renter's insurance, or homeowner's insurance
 Proof of professional certification (for members of regulated professions)
 School record or report card
 Utility bills, which are often used as proof of residence or address.
 Voter's registration card
 W-2 wage and tax statement

Membership ID
 Loyalty cards issued by private companies (supermarkets, warehouse club stores, etc.)
 Private associations identification
 Private clubs (social, athletic, educational, alumni, etc.)
 Professional organization identification

Native American Indian Documents

 Certificate of Indian Status (INAC) card
 Certificate of Degree of Indian Blood
 I-872 American Indian Card
 Indian Health Services eligibility/document
 Tribal enrollment documentation
 Tribal Membership Card

References

Law enforcement in the United States

Identity documents in the United States