El Diario Nueva York is the largest and the oldest Spanish-language daily newspaper in the United States. Published by ImpreMedia, the paper covers local, national and international news with an emphasis on Latin America, as well as human-interest stories, politics, business and technology, health, entertainment, and sports. El Diario Nueva York currently has 294,769 daily readers and 676,570 unique readers each week. Online, it reaches over 5 million users monthly, and it has more than 800,000 followers in social networks.

The paper's offices are located on the 7th floor of 15 Brooklyn Commons in Downtown Brooklyn, New York City.

History

The newspaper was created in 1963 through the merger of El Diario de Nueva York (established 1947) and La Prensa (established as a weekly in 1913 by Rafael Viera and converted into a daily in 1918 when acquired by José Camprubí) when both were purchased by O. Roy Chalk. In 1981, Chalk sold the newspaper to Gannett Company, in a deal valued at $10 million.

The paper's publisher, Carlos D. Ramirez, and his investment group El Diario Associates, purchased the paper in 1989 from Gannett for a price just over $20 million. The paper had been unprofitable for two or three years and circulation had declined from a peak of 80,000 to under 70,000. With the addition of new technology and improved journalism, Ramirez was able to increase circulation to 68,000 by the time of his death in 1999 and to return the paper to profitability. Under his leadership, the paper won as Best Hispanic Daily from the National Hispanic Publishers Association.

El Diario Associates joined in 1995 with Latin Communications Group, a firm that operates 18 radio stations, with Ramirez running the business's print division and serving on the board.

El Diario Nueva York merged with the Los Angeles-based La Opinión in 2004 to form ImpreMedia. La Opinión is the largest Spanish-language newspaper publisher in the United States.

The newspaper has won many awards from the National Association of Hispanic Publications.  In 2005, its awards included first place for editorial writing, political and cultural reporting, and feature writing.

El Diario's chief competitor is Hoy, a Spanish-language daily with 180,000 readers in New York.  However, on February 12, 2007, ImpreMedia announced its purchase of the Hoy New York edition from the Tribune Company.

In 2010, long-term journalist Vicky Peláez, whose writings were critical of United States foreign policy and supportive of Latin American leaders Hugo Chavez and Fidel Castro, was arrested for working for Russia. The "Illegals Program" was a part of Russian influence operations.

In 2013, it celebrated its 100 years with a party at Grand Central Station in New York City.

In 2020, it was recognized as the Best Hispanic Newspaper with the Gold Award as Outstanding Hispanic Daily in the United States, the highest achievement of the José Martí Awards given by the National Association of Hispanic Publications (NAHP) during their annual convention.

See also

 Media of New York City
 List of Spanish-language newspapers published in the United States
 El Especialito

References

External links
  El Diario's website
 Finding aid to the El Diario/La Prensa Photograph Morgue, circa 1970-2006 at the Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University, New York, NY

D
D
D
Daily newspapers published in New York City

El Diario La Prensa


The woman with seven sons was a Jewish martyr described in 2 Maccabees 7 and other sources, who had seven sons that were arrested (along with her) by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who forced them to prove their respect to him by consuming pork. When they refused, he tortured and killed the sons one by one in front of the unflinching and stout-hearted mother.

The story likely occurred around the beginning of the religious persecutions in 167-166 BCE. Although unnamed in 2 Maccabees, the mother is known variously as Hannah, Miriam, Solomonia, and Shmouni.

Narrative

2 Maccabees
Shortly before the revolt of Judas Maccabeus (2 Maccabees 8), Antiochus IV Epiphanes arrested a mother and her seven sons, and tried to force them to eat pork. One of the brothers said, on behalf of everyone, that even if they were all to die, they would not break the law. The angry king ordered to heat up the pans and cauldrons, and he ordered the first brother to have his tongue cut off, the skin to be removed from the head and the ends of the limbs cut off – All this was happening in front of the rest of the brothers and mother, who, in the meantime, encouraged each other to passively resist the tormentors' demands. When the first martyr was inert and still breathing, Epiphanes ordered him to be thrown into a hot frying pan. When he died, the next one was brought in and the skin was stripped from his head along with his hair. Each of the seven brothers endured the same torture. The torment of the sons was watched by their tenacious and rather stoic mother, who had lost all her sons.

The narrator mentions that the mother "was the most remarkable of all, and deserves to be remembered with special honour. She watched her seven sons die in the space of a single day, yet she bore it bravely because she put her trust in the Lord." Each of the sons makes a speech as he dies, and the last one says that his brothers are "dead under God's covenant of everlasting life". The narrator ends by saying that the mother died, without saying whether she was executed, or died in some other way.

Talmud and Midrash
The Talmud tells a similar story, but with refusal to worship an idol replacing refusal to eat pork. Tractate Gittin 57b cites Rabbi Judah saying that "this refers to the woman and her seven sons" and the unnamed king is referred to as the "Emperor" and "Caesar". The woman commits suicide in this rendition of the story: she "also went up on to a roof and threw herself down and was killed".

Another version of the tale occurs in Lamentations Rabbah (Chapter 1). The woman in this tale is named Miriam bat Nakhtom (Miriam, the Baker's Daughter) who is faced against "Caesar". When the moment arrives for the seventh son to be executed, the mother insists that she will be killed before her seventh son is killed. The "Ceaser" refuses on account that the Bible prohibits killing an animal and its offspring on the same day (see Leviticus 22:28). The mother retorts "Fool! Have you already fulfilled all the commandments and only this one remains?!" Nevertheless, the son is prepared for execution and the mother says to him: "Go to Abraham your patriarch and say to him: So said my mother: Do not be overly impressed with yourself and say: I built an altar and sacrificed Isaac, my son. My mother built seven altars and sacrificed seven sons on one day."

Other versions
Other versions of the story are found in 4 Maccabees (which suggests that the woman might have thrown herself into the flames, 17:1) and Josippon (which says she fell dead on her sons' corpses).

Names
Various sources have proposed names for this woman. In Lamentations Rabbah she is called Miriam bat Tanhum, in the Eastern Orthodox tradition she is known as Solomonia, while in the Armenian Apostolic Church she is called Shamuna, and in Syriac Christianity she is known as Shmuni. She is called "Hannah" (or "Chana") in Josippon, perhaps as a result of connecting her with Hannah in the Book of Samuel, who says that the "barren woman bears seven," (1 Samuel 2:5). Gerson Cohen notes that this occurs only in the longer Spanish version of Josippon (1510), while the shorter Mantuan version (c. 1480) continues to refer to her anonymously.

In Syriac 6 Maccabees, the sons are named Gadday, Maqqbay, Tarsay, Hebron, Hebson, Bakkos and Yonadab.

Legacy
The woman with seven sons is remembered with high regard for her religious steadfastness, teaching her sons to keep to their faith, even if it meant execution. The Maccabees story reflects a theme of the book, that "the strength of the Jews lies in the fulfillment of the practical mitzvot".

The books of Maccabees were placed in an awkward spot after the rise of Christianity and the failure of the Jewish Great Revolt and the Bar Kochba Revolt.  For the Jews, the books of Maccabees, with their emphasis on offensive armed struggle, were de-emphasized after the catastrophic death and destruction in the later revolts, and relegated to secondary canonical status.  Additionally, strains of Judaism focused on the possibility of resurrection after death tended to become Christians disproportionately.  For the Christians, the books of Maccabees stayed as part of scripture due to their place in the Septuagint, at least until the Protestant Reformation.  As such, much of medieval art and literature honoring the woman and her seven sons is Christian rather than Jewish.  However, Christians and Jews set themselves apart after the triumph of Pauline Christianity by their adherence, or lack thereof, to Jewish law.  This put the woman and her seven sons in a strange position, as they explicitly died refusing to break Jewish law that medieval European Christians considered obsolete at best and immoral at worst.  The result was literature and art that revered the martyrs, but downplayed their Jewishness.

It is probable that Hilary of Poitiers refers to this woman as a prophet. Hilary says  "For all things, as the Prophet says, were made out of nothing," and, according to Patrick Henry Reardon, he is quoting 2 Maccabees 7:28.

According to Antiochene Christian tradition, the relics of the mother and sons were interred on the site of a synagogue (later converted into a church) in the Kerateion quarter of Antioch. On the other hand, tombs believed to be those of these martyrs were discovered in San Pietro in Vincoli in 1876. An additional tomb believed to be that of the woman with her seven sons is located in the Jewish cemetery of Safed.

Holy Maccabean Martyrs

Although they are not the same as the Hasmonean rulers called Maccabees, the woman and her sons, along with the Eleazar described in 2 Maccabees 6, are known as the "Holy Machabees" or "Holy Maccabean Martyrs" in the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

The Orthodox Church celebrates the Holy Maccabean Martyrs on August 1.  The Catholic Church also includes them in its official list of saints that have August 1 as their feast day. From before the time of the Tridentine Calendar, the Holy Maccabees had a commemoration in the Roman Rite liturgy within the feast of Saint Peter in Chains. This commemoration remained within the weekday liturgy when in 1960 Pope John XXIII suppressed this particular feast of Saint Peter. Nine years later, 1 August became the feast of Saint Alphonsus Maria de' Liguori and the mention of the Maccabee martyrs was omitted from the General Roman Calendar, since in its 1969 revision it no longer admitted commemorations. Since they are among the saints and martyrs recognized in the Roman Martyrology, they may be venerated by all Catholics everywhere.

According to Eastern Orthodox tradition, the sons are called Abim, Antonius, Gurias, Eleazar, Eusebonus, Alimus and Marcellus, though the names differ slightly among different authorities. They are celebrated yearly during the Honey Feast of the Saviour.

According to the Syriac Fenqitho (book of festal offices), the name of the mother is Shmooni while her sons are Habroun, Hebsoun, Bakhous, Adai, Tarsai, Maqbai and Yawnothon.

The three Ethiopian books of Meqabyan (canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, but distinct works from the other four books of Maccabees) refer to an unrelated group of "Maccabean Martyrs," five brothers including 'Abya, Seela, and Pantos, sons of a Benjamite named Maccabeus, who were captured and martyred for leading a guerilla war against Antiochus Epiphanes.

Various mystery plays in the Middle Ages portrayed the Maccabean martyrs, and depictions of their martyrdom possibly gave rise to the term "macabre", perhaps derived from the Latin Machabaeorum.

See also
List of names for the Biblical nameless
Felicitas of Rome
Symphorosa
Danse Macabre
Justus and Pastor

Further reading

References

Talmud people
Women in the Old Testament apocrypha
Jewish martyrs
Ancient Jewish women
People in the deuterocanonical books
Books of the Maccabees
Eastern Orthodox martyrs
Maronite saints
Antiochus IV Epiphanes

Woman with seven sons


Murder in the Cassava Patch (1968) is a novella by Liberian Bai T. Moore. It is required reading for every Liberian high school student, and is widely regarded as a Liberian literary classic in what is a developing literary tradition. It is based on a historic murder.

It was later adapted to a feature film with the same name, directed by Yor-El Francis.

Plot
This novella deals with the relationship between Gortokai, a young Liberian man, and Tene, the girl he hopes to marry. Tene has been murdered and Gortokai is jailed as a suspect. The story promises "to piece together all the circumstances leading to the violent storm which nearly tore off the roofs from many houses in the Dewoin country one bright Sunday morning in the year 1957." It is set in the fictional village of Bendabli, off the Monrovia-Bomi Hills road. The action ranges from Gbarpolu County in the west as far as Gbarnga and Sanniquellie in the north. Places such as Bomi Hills and Firestone are referred to.

It is told as a first person narrative by Gortokai. The work uses Liberian English and Liberian customs.  Moore was an indigenous Liberian who was educated at a United States university.

Plot summary

Gortokai is the son of a contract laborer on Fernando Po, who works in conditions akin to slavery. The man returns to Liberia to find that his contract is subject to barter, making him a virtual slave. He has to give up his son Gortokai, who is fostered by a family from Bendabli. They are Joma, an older man, and his wife Sombo Karn, with their daughters Kema and Tene. Gortokai does not know that he is not born to the family until told years later by Tene.

As he gets older, Gortokai does the heavy work for the family of farming rice, making oil from palm nuts, setting traps for crayfish, and hunting meat. He also takes short-term bush-cutting contracts to earn money for the family's tobacco, salt and annual hut tax.

When Gortokai comes into young manhood, he wants a wife and becomes set on Tene, who has just turned 13 and is about ten years younger than he. He sees a traditional doctor, seeking to draw Tene to him, and also asks her older sister for help. He also must negotiate a bride price.

To earn the money, Gortokai takes a job at a rubber farm far away in Suehn. He sends the girls presents but hears nothing from them. He deliberately injures his foot and uses his convalescence to invite Tene to visit him. Tene and her sister arrive in Suehn, bringing Gortokai gifts of country bread and fried chicken.

Gortokai's employer and his wife throw a party. They are fond of Gortokai, whom the wife calls their "stranger son" (a Liberian term referring to the informal "adoption" of a non-blood relative). The two girls drink a lot of rum. The following morning, Tene seems to both invite, and reject Gortokai's advances. Before the two girls leave, Gortokai gives Kema $23 towards the dowry of $40, plus three dollars for various ritual niceties, plus two sets of clothes for Tene's parents.

Joining Suehn's palm wine circle, Gortokai hears gossip about Kema. His fellow palm wine drinkers convince him that he must buy some powerful love medicine in order to ensure that Tene stays faithful to him. Gortokai visits a country doctor. Bleng uses magic to tell Gortokai that Tene's affections are divided, and explains that the remedy will be strong love medicine. Naturally, this will cost a lot of money.

Gortokai learns that his stepfather is seriously ill, and decides to return to Bendabli. It will give him a chance to get the personal items of Tene's required by the doctor. Arriving early at the village, he happens to overhear a conversation in which Tene declares her interest in "looking around", and seems to refer to adventures with other men. That night, Gortokai gets the items needed by the doctor.

Bleng gives him a week to use the "medicine" and the young lover returns to Bendabli. He works on the family's hut to improve it, and also gives Tene the powder. She leaves with a lover and is revealed as pregnant.
Outraged and despondent, Gortokia travels to learn more about relationships in modern Liberia. After several months, he returns to Monrovia, and learns that Tene is also in the capital, selling gari or porridge on the street. She has a young baby but has left her husband and returned to her parents' house. For the first time, Gortokai sleeps with her.

They return to Bendabli to find their family house in a state of disrepair; Joma and his wife are too old to care for it. Gortokai puts things right and is promised Tene as his wife. After several months, he learns that Kema is planning to move Tene and her parents to Firestone. The old couple deny this.

Kema returns from Firestone, demanding strong liquor. Gortokai overhears her conversation with Tene, and both treat him with little respect. Kema invites Tene to join her at Firestone, where the rubber workers of the plantation have money.

The following morning, Gortokai cuts up a parcel of expensive clothes which he has intercepted, and scatters the pieces around town. He also asks Tene to prepare some  (mashed cassava). When Tene goes to the cassava patch to prepare the domboy, she finds Gortokai waiting for her.

Themes

Incest between Gortokai and Tene

The relationship suggests the taboo of incest. Gortokai claims that Tene makes the first move, suggesting she is more knowing. Gortokai appears to accept without question that his being adopted makes the relationship acceptable. He reveals that others in the village do not agree with him.

Gortokai appeared to be initiated at the usual age, making him in his mid 20s when he begins to look for a wife. The couple's game of 'Mamas and Papas' takes place when Tene is a pre-pubescent girl, and Gortokai is in his early 20s. The murder takes place in 1957, when Gortokai would be in his mid-to-late 20s, and Tene would be fifteen years old. She has already had one child and a broken marriage.

Domestic slavery and hypocrisy in Liberia

Bai T. Moore discussed the novel's main theme as the issue of domestic slavery and its effects in Liberia. He presented an unsentimental view of Liberian life, showing inter-generational tension in the mid-20th century. Liberia. He expressed contradictions within and between them, especially as the traditional ways were giving way to new pressures.

The son of an indentured laborer turned slave, Gortokai is accepted as a "son" by one freeborn family and as a "stranger son" by another. Jomo seems willing to accept this slave's son as a potential son-in-law, and Kema seems willing to accept him as a potential brother-in-law, provided the price is right, but Tene never fully accepts him.

References

External links
Online text (also downloadable) of Murder in the Cassava Patch at The Analyst (accessed at the Internet Archive)

Fiction set in 1957
1968 novels
Crime novels
Liberian novels
Novelettes
Novels set in Liberia

Murder in the Cassava Patch


Beer pong is a drinking game. It is also known as Beirut. It is played with two teams. Cups filled with beer are set at each end of a table. The players then take turns and try to throw ping pong balls at the cups of the opposing team. If a ball lands inside a cup, the opposing team has to drink that cup, and the cup is removed. When all the cups of a team are removed, that team loses.

Beer Pong was first played at Dartmouth College, in the United States, between 1950 and 1960.

Drinking games

Beer pong


St. Anne's Church () is a church in the historic center of Warsaw, Poland, adjacent to the Castle Square, at Krakowskie Przedmieście 68. It is one of Poland's most notable churches with a Neoclassical facade. The church ranks among Warsaw's oldest buildings. Over time, it has seen many reconstructions, resulting in its present-day appearance, unchanged since 1788. Currently it is the main church parish of the academic community in Warsaw.

History
In 1454 Duchess of Masovia Anna Fiodorowna (in some old books mistakenly called Holszanska), coming from a Ruthenized Lithuanian princely house, founded this church with a cloister for the Bernardine friars (Order of Friars Minor).

The square in front of the church was a place of solemn homages to Polish monarchs by the rulers of Prussia (the first one in 1578, the last one in 1621). In 1582 a slender tower was added to the church. Some time later it was encompassed with a rampart and incorporated into the city fortifications.

The St. Anne's Church was reconstructed several times in 1603, 1634, 1636 and in 1667 (it was heavily damaged during the siege of Warsaw and plundered by Swedish and German troops in the 1650s). Between 1740 and 1760 the façade was reconstructed in rococo style according to Jakub Fontana's design and decorated with two filigree belfries. The walls and semicircular vault ceilings of the church, divided into bays, were decorated at that time with profuse paintings in perspective, using illusionary techniques and depicting scenes in the life of Saint Anne. A chapel of Saint Ładysław was also decorated in this fashion. All paintings were by Friar Walenty Żebrowski.

The church was reconstructed for the last time between 1786 and 1788 by order of King Stanisław August Poniatowski.

During the Warsaw Uprising of 1794, part of the national Kościuszko Uprising in 1794, Bishop Józef Kossakowski, considered the traitor of the nation, was executed in front of the church (hanged with a great applause by Warsaw inhabitants).

The roof of the church was heavily damaged in the air raid on Warsaw in 1939 and then destroyed by fire in 1944 during the Warsaw Uprising but soon repaired. In 1949 the walls were undermined by the excavation for the WZ route and had to be quickly reinforced. Restoration of all elements was undertaken from the 1940s-70s, supervised by architect .

Façade and interior
The present façade was built in 1788 in a Neoclassical style typical of the reign of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, by Chrystian Piotr Aigner. Sculptors of that time were Jakub Monaldi and Franciszek Pinck, who carved statues of the Four Evangelists which decorate the façade. The interior of the church is now in high-baroque style with several chapels. The church makes an overwhelming impression on the visitor with its surprisingly rich interior filled with frescoes.

The only example of a diamond vault preserved in Warsaw can be seen in the cloister leading to the vestry.

See also
 Castle Square
 Krakowskie Przedmieście
 Presidential Palace
 St. Florian's Cathedral

Notes

In-line:

Gallery

Historical images

Interior

Exterior

External links

 St. Anna's Church
  www.warszawa1939.pl
  St. Anne's Church in 1795

Roman Catholic churches completed in 1788
18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Poland
Roman Catholic churches in Warsaw
Neoclassical architecture in Warsaw
1788 establishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Neoclassical church buildings in Poland
Former Bernardine (Franciscan) monasteries in Poland

St. Anne's Church, Warsaw


Allan Masaharu Ohata (September 13, 1918 - October 17, 1977) was a United States Army soldier.  He received the Medal of Honor because of his actions in World War II.

Early life
Ohata was born in Hawaii to Japanese immigrant parents. He was a Nisei, which means that he was a second generation Japanese-American.

Soldier
One month before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Ohata joined the US Army in November 1941.

Ohata volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei 100th Infantry Battalion.  This army unit was mostly made up of Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.

For his actions in November 1943, Ohata  was awarded the Army's second-highest decoration, the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC).  In the 1990s, there was a review of service records of Asian Americans who received the DSC during World War II.  Ohata's award was upgraded to the Medal of Honor. In a ceremony at the White House on June 21, 2000, his family was presented with his medal by President Bill Clinton. Twenty-one other Asian Americans also received the medal during the ceremony, but only seven of them were still alive.  According to the story he shared with his brother, "[H]e held a hill by himself and a lot of people died except him. He said the enemy came from both sides, and [at] one point he came from one side and the enemy soldier came from the other end. The only reason he lived was because he saw the guy first."

Medal of Honor citation
Ohata's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting in central Italy in 1944. With the help of one rifleman, he held back an attack by a large force of enemy soldiers.

The words of Ohata's citation explain:
Sergeant Allan M. Ohata distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 29 and November 30, 1943, near Cerasuolo, Italy. Sergeant Ohata, his squad leader, and three men were ordered to protect his platoons left flank against an attacking enemy force of 40 men, armed with machine guns, machine pistols, and rifles. He posted one of his men, an automatic rifleman, on the extreme left, 15 yards from his own position. Taking his position, Sergeant Ohata delivered effective fire against the advancing enemy. The man to his left called for assistance when his automatic rifle was shot and damaged. With utter disregard for his personal safety, Sergeant Ohata left his position and advanced 15 yards through heavy machine gun fire. Reaching his comrades position, he immediately fired upon the enemy, killing 10 enemy soldiers and successfully covering his comrades withdrawal to replace his damaged weapon. Sergeant Ohata and the automatic rifleman held their position and killed 37 enemy soldiers. Both men then charged the three remaining soldiers and captured them. Later, Sergeant Ohata and the automatic rifleman stopped another attacking force of 14, killing four and wounding three while the others fled. The following day he and the automatic rifleman held their flank with grim determination and staved off all attacks. Staff Sergeant Ohatas extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.

Related pages
 List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II
 List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients
 Posthumous recognition

References

Other websites
 "Army Secretary Lionizes 22 World War II Heroes" at Defense.gov

1918 births
1977 deaths
Military people from Hawaii
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American people of World War II

Allan Ohata


The Concertgebouw (Concert building) is a cultural centre in Bruges, Belgium. Located at , it was completed in 2002 when Bruges was European Capital of Culture, designed by Paul Robbrecht and Hilde Daem.

The building complex houses a large concert hall seating more than 1290 visitors on three levels and a chamber music hall seating 320. It features a café and room for exhibitions in the Lantaarntoren  (Lantern Tower) which offers a view of the historic town.

The building rests on 4,669 poles. The interior is rather sober, and the halls offer excellent acoustics, thanks to advanced technology. The facades are covered with thousands of red terracotta tiles from Saint-Omer in northern France, while the Lantaarntoren is built mainly from glass.

Located close to the historic centre, the building has raises divided reactions: some like its contrasting looks, others think it does not match the architecture of the old town.

Gallery

External links

 Algemene technische fiche (in Dutch, technical data, media.wix.com

Concert halls in Belgium
Buildings and structures in Bruges
Theatres completed in 2002
21st-century architecture
2002 establishments in Belgium

Concertgebouw, Bruges


Dean Richard Widders (born 25 October 1979) is an Anaiwan Indigenous Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He works with the National Rugby League as an Indigenous Pathways manager.  He is coach of the Parramatta Eels team in the 2022 NRLW season.

A skillful forward as a player, Widders has always been passionate about rugby league and the difference it can make in the community particularly for people from remote and rural areas and Indigenous Australians. He has been a great advocate for women playing the game and coached the Indigenous Women's All Stars in their win over the Jillaroos in 2017.  He delivers workshops to youth on leadership, decision making and goal setting and is involved in numerous programs in schools. He recently played and coached the Redfern All Blacks to a record equaling 3 grand final wins in a row plus 2 Koori Knockouts in a row from 2015-2017. He proudly won three koori knockouts with his hometown Narwan Eels in the 2000s.

Early life
Widders was born in Armidale in New South Wales, Australia.

He played his first game of rugby league at the age of six for the local Armidale colts after watching his father Jake Widders who was a great player for the famous Aboriginal team the Narwan Eels. He tried many other sports but excelled especially in rugby league. Widders was also an avid reader during his childhood, a skill that he continues to promote.

During Widders' teenage years he honed his rugby league skills and became well known in the local area as a lock playing for the Armidale Greens and Narwan Eels. During this time, Arthur Beetson Sydney Roosters selector flew to Armidale to see Widders' play. When Widders' was 14, in 1993, he was invited to a selection trial and proved to be one of the best players.

Playing career

NRL
In 1996, at the age of 17, Widders' moved to Sydney to play with the Sydney Roosters. In this year, he also captained an Aboriginal side.

Widders made his debut for the Roosters in 2000, playing in 13 NRL matches for the club. In 2002, Widders signed with the Parramatta Eels; in 2005 he was part of The Parramatta side that won the minor premiership. He finished with the club at the end of 2006.

Widders' was involved in a racial vilification incident in July 2005 when he was abused by South Sydney Rabbitohs captain Bryan Fletcher. In 2006, he signed a three-year contract to play for the South Sydney Rabbitohs starting in 2007.

Castleford Tigers
Widders joined Castleford (Heritage № 899) for the 2009 season. He played 19 times in his first season for the Tigers, scoring 6 tries.

Widders started 2010 in great fashion, scoring the final and clinching try away at Headingley in Castleford's opening game against the Leeds Rhinos. Widders picked up an injury and missed 2 months of the season but came back and played in an unfamiliar role of , linking up with Rangi Chase.

Widders played in 2011 and had a good season, which was his final season at the Castleford Tigers. The club failed to make the playoffs after a narrow defeat by Hull KR. Widders said his final goodbyes to the Castleford public in the last home game against Hull F.C.

Off-field
In 1997, Widders returned to Duval High School in Armidale to complete his Higher School Certificate.

Widders is very well respected in his hometown of Armidale. In 2004, he was awarded the NRL's Ken Stephen Medal for his positive work with youth in the community and, in 2006, he was appointed to the Federal Government's National Indigenous Council. Widders is also an Ambassador for the National Aboriginal Sports Corporation Australia (NASCA).

In November 2018, Widders participated in the Legends of League tournament for Parramatta, which was held at the Central Coast Stadium in Gosford.

He is coach of the Parramatta Eels team in the 2022 NRLW season.

Career highlights
Junior Club: Armidale, Narwan
Career Stats: 219 first grade games scoring 59 tries
Representative Honours: Country Origin (2006), Prime Minister's XIII (2007)
Honours: Minor Premiership (2005) with Parramatta

Footnotes

External links

Castleford Tigers profile
Literally, Eels bookworm is a national hero
Article on Racial Vilification Incident
Deadly Vibe interview with Dean Widders
Community Champions - Dean Widders

1979 births
Living people
Australian Aboriginal rugby league team players
Australian rugby league players
Castleford Tigers players
Country New South Wales Origin rugby league team players
Indigenous Australian rugby league players
North Sydney Bears NSW Cup players
Parramatta Eels players
Prime Minister's XIII players
Rugby league centres
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league locks
Rugby league players from Armidale, New South Wales
Rugby league second-rows
South Sydney Rabbitohs players
Sydney Roosters players

Dean Widders


The "flatnose" Morris Oxford is a series of motor car models produced by Morris of the United Kingdom from 1926 until 1930. Introduced as a replacement for the Morris Oxford bullnose, the "flatnose" Oxford models featured more traditional styling.

Oxford flatnose 1926–30

The distinctive bullnose radiator was dropped in 1926 in an updated version of the car. The engines remained the same but a new range of bodies was offered including all-steel saloons.

The frame was changed to allow half-elliptic springs to be fitted in place of the old three-quarter elliptic springs. The back end of the frame was given a deeper channel section, it now sweeps up over the rear axle. The frame also receives bracing from the running board brackets and cross hangers.

The radiator cooling surface has been increased sixty per cent and the whole assembly given the flat-fronted shape which would lead to this car's popular name.

A new all-steel dash or bulkhead now creates a firm location for bodywork and a solid support for the petrol tank. As part of that redesign a new instrument panel is provided with neatly grouped meters and glove boxes either side. The hand controls on the steering column have been upgraded. There is now a dash-operated ventilator.

Equipment now includes:

References
Footnotes

Bibliography

Oxford flatnose
Cars introduced in 1926
1930s cars

Morris Oxford flatnose


This is a list of rivers in Brazil.
 Abacaxis River
 Abaeté River
 Abiaí River
 Abobral River
 Abunã River
 Acangapiranga River
 Acará River
 Acarai River
 Acará-Mirim River
 Acaraú River
 Acari River
 Acari River
 Acari River
 Acari River
 Acariá River
 Acauã River
 Acre River
 Açu River
 Açuã River
 Açunguí River
 Acurauá River
 Adelaide River
 Água Amarela River
 Água Boa do Univini River
 Água Branca River
 Água Fria River
 Água Fria River
 Água Quente River
 Água Quente River
 Da Água Morta River
 Aguapeí River
 Aguapeí River
 Lajeado Agudo
 Aiari River
 Aiuruoca River
 Ajarani River
 Alalaú River
 Alambari River
 Alambari River
 Alcântara River
 Alcobaça River
 Da Aldeia River
 Aldeia Velha River
 Alegre River
 Alegre River
 Alegre River
 Alegre River
 Alegre River
 Alegre River
 Almada River
 Dos Almas River
 Das Almas River
 Das Almas River
 Das Almas River
 Alonzo River
 Alpercatas River
 Alto Braço River
 Alto Jamari River
 Amajari River
 Amambaí River
 Amanã River
 Amandaú River
 Amanguijá River
 Amapá Grande River
 Amapari River
 Amazon River
 Do Amola Faca River
 Amônia River
 Anajás River
 Anamu River
 Anapu River
 Anari River
 Anauá River
 Andirá River
 Andirá River
 Andrade River
 Angelim River
 Anhanduí River
 Anhanduìzinho River
 Anhangabaú River
 Anotaié River
 Das Antas River
 Das Antas River
 Das Antas River
 Das Antas River
 Das Antas River
 Antoninha River
 Apa River
 Apiacá River
 Apiai-Guaçu River
 Apiai-Mirim River
 Apiaú River
 Apodi River
 Apoquitaua River
 Aporé River
 Aporema River
 Apuaê River
 Apuaú River
 Apucarama River
 Apucaraninha River
 Aquidabã River
 Aquidabã River
 Aquidauana River
 Araçá River
 Aracacá River
 Aracatiaçu River
 Aracatimirim River
 Araçuaí River
 Araguá River
 Araguaia River
 Araguari River
 Araguari River (Das Velhas River)
 Aramá River
 Dos Arantes River
 Arapari River
 Arapari River
 Arapiuns River
 Arara River
 Arara River
 Ararandeua River
 Araranguá River
 Araraquara River
 Araras River
 Arari River
 Ararirá River
 Araticu River
 Aratu River
 Arauá River
 Arauá River
 Arauá River
 Arauã River
 Da Areia River
 Da Areia River
 Areias River
 Areias River
 Aricanduva River
 Arinos River
 Aripuanã River
 Ariranha River
 Arraia River
 Arraial Velho River
 Arraias do Araguaia River
 Arraias River
 Arraias River
 Arraias River
 Arroio Chuí
 Arroio Grande
 Arroio Guaçu River
 Arroio Pelotas
 Arrojado River
 Arrojo River
 Aruã River
 Atelchu River
 Aterro River
 Atibaia River
 Atimari River
 Atiparaná River
 Atuá River
 Atucatiquini River
 Auaiá-Miçu River
 Auari River
 Ribeirão Auila
 Aurá River
 Autaz-mirim River
 Avecutá River
 Axuí River
 Azul River
 Azul River
 Azul River
 Azul River
 Azul River
 Babilônia River
 Bacajá River
 Bacajaí River
 Bacaxá River
 Bacuri River
 Badajós River
 Baependi River
 Bagagem River
 Bagagem River
 Bagagem River
 Bagé River
 Baldum River
 Das Balsas River
 Das Balsas River
 Das Balsas River
 Balseira River
 Balsinhas River
 Banabuiú River
 Bananal River
 Bananal River
 Bandeira River
 Bandeira River
 Bandeirantes do Norte River
 Do Banho River
 Baquiá Preto River
 Baquirivu-Guaçu River
 Baracuxi River
 Barão de Melgaço River
 Barauana River
 Barauaninha River
 Barbado River
 Barbaquá River
 Barra Grande River
 Barra Grande River
 Da Barra Grande River
 Barra Mansa River
 Ribeirão Barra Mansa
 Barra Nova River
 Barra Seca River
 Barreiro de Baixo River
 Barreiro River
 Barreiro River
 Barreiros River
 Barreiros River
 Barro Ouro River
 Batalha River
 Baú River
 Baú River
 Baunilhas River
 Bauru River
 Beberibe River
 Bela Joana River
 Belém River
 Belém River
 Belo River
 Benedito River
 Benevente River
 Bengala River
 Das Bengalas River
 Benjamim Constant River
 Bento Gomes River
 Berlengas River
 Bernardo José River
 Betume River (Poxim River)
 Bezerra River
 Bezerra River
 Biá River
 Bicudo River
 Biguaçu River
 Biritiba-Mirim River
 Bituva River
 Boa Esperança River
 Boa Viagem River
 Boa Vista River
 Boacica River
 Bocaina River
 Bodó River
 Dos Bois River
 Dos Bois River
 Dos Bois River
 Bom Retiro River
 Bom River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Bonito River
 Borboleta River
 Borrachudo River
 Botas River
 Boucaraí River
 Do Braço River
 Braço do Norte Direito River
 Braço do Norte River
 Braço Menor do Rio Araguaia River
 Braço Norte do Rio Itaúnas
 Braço Norte do Rio São Mateus (Cotaxé River)
 Braço Norte Esquerdo River
 Braço Sul do Rio Itaúnas
 Braço Sul do Rio São Mateus (Cricaré River)
 Bracuí River
 Branco River
 Branco ou Cabixi River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branco River
 Branquinho River
 Brejo Grande River
 Breu River
 De Breves River
 Brigida River
 Brilhante River
 Brioso River
 Brumado River
 Bugre River
 Bulha River
 Buquira River
 Buranhém River
 Buricá River
 Buriti River
 Buriticupu River
 Burro Branco River
 Butiá River
 Caá-Iari River
 Caatinga River
 Cabaçal River
 Cabixi River
 Cabuçu de Cima River (Guapira River)
 Cabuçu River
 Caçador Grande River
 Cacequi River
 Caceribu River
 Cachimbau River
 Cachoeira Grande River
 Cachoeira River (Do Engenho River)
 Cachoeira River
 Cachoeira River
 Cachoeira River
 Cachoeira River
 Cachoeirinha River
 Cachorro River
 Cachorro River
 Cachorro River
 Cadeia River
 Caeté River
 Caeté River
 Cafuini River
 Cafundó River
 Cágado River
 Cágado River
 Caí River
 Caiapó River
 Caiapó River
 Caiapozinho River
 Igarapé Caipora
 Cairari River
 Cais River
 Caiuá River
 Dos Caixões River
 Cajari River
 Cajari River
 Cajàzeira River
 Caju River
 Cajupiranga River
 Calabouço River
 Calçado River
 Calçado River
 Calçado River
 Calçoene River
 Caldas River
 Camaipi River do Maracá River
 Camaipi River do Vila Nova River
 Camaiú River
 Camanaú River
 Camanducaia River
 Camanducaia River
 Camaoi River
 Camaquã River
 Camaragibe River
 Camaraipe River
 Camaratê River
 Camarazinho River
 Camboriú River
 Camburu River
 Camisas River
 Da Campanha River
 Campista River
 Campo Alegre River
 Campo Belo River
 Campo Novo do Sul River
 Campo Real River
 Campos Novos River
 Cana Brava River
 Cana Brava River
 Cana Brava River
 Cana Brava River
 Canã River
 Candeias River
 Cangati River
 Canindé River
 Canindé River
 Canoas River
 Canoas River
 Canoas River
 Canoinhas River
 Cantarinho River
 Canto River
 Cantú River
 Canumã River
 Capanema River
 Capão Grande River
 Capetinga River
 Capiá River
 Capibaribe River
 Capim River
 Capitão Cardoso River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivara River
 Capivaras River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capivari River
 Capricórnio River
 Capucapu River
 Carabinarni River
 Caracol River
 Caracol River
 Caracol River
 Caracu River
 Caraíba de Dentro River
 Caraíba de Fora River
 Caraíva River
 Carajá River
 Carajarí River
 Carangola River
 Carantuva River
 Carecuru River
 Cariaçã River
 Carinhanha River
 Carioca River
 Caripi River
 Caripunás River
 Cariús River
 Do Carmo River
 Carnaúba River
 Caroaebe River
 Carreiro River
 Caru River
 Carucango River
 Da Casca River
 Cassanje River
 Cassiporé River
 Castelo River
 Catete River
 Cati River
 Catolé Grande River
 Catrimani River
 Catu River
 Catundó River
 Cauaburi River
 Cauamé River
 Cauaruau River
 Caurés River
 Cautário River
 Dos Cavalos River
 Caveiras River
 Cavernoso River
 Caxambu River
 Caxias River
 Caxitoré River
 Caxixa River
 Ceará-Mirim River
 Do Cedro River
 Dos Cedros River
 Cerquinha River
 Chalana River
 Chambuiaco River
 Chandless River
 Chapecó River
 Chapecozinho River
 Chiché River
 Chopim River
 Choró River
 Cinco Voltas River
 Das Cinzas River
 Cipó River
 Ciriquiri River
 Citaré River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Claro River
 Coari River
 Das Cobras River
 Do Cobre River
 Igarapé Cochichá
 Do Coco River
 Codòzinho River
 Coimim River
 Coitinho River
 Do Colégio River
 Colindó River
 Colônia River
 Colorado River
 Comandaí River
 Combate River
 Comemoração River
 Comprido River
 Conceição River
 Conceição River
 Conceição River
 Congonhas River
 Das Contas River
 Contendas River
 Copatana River
 Coraci River
 Corda River
 Coreaú River
 Corrente River
 Corrente River
 Corrente River
 Corrente River
 Corrente River
 Corrente River
 Correntes River
 Correntes River
 Correntes River
 Corumbá River
 Corumbataí River
 Corumbataí River
 Corumbiara River
 Coruripe River
 Cotegipe River
 Coti River
 Cotia River
 Cotingo River
 Cotinguiba River
 Couto de Magalhães River
 Coxá River
 Coxim River
 Coxipó River
 Crauari River
 Crepori River
 Cricou River
 Ribeirão Crisóstomo
 Cristalino River
 Cristalino River
 Crixás Açu River
 Crixás Mirim River
 Crixás River
 Crixás River
 Cruxati River
 Cubatão River
 Cubatão River
 Cubatão River
 Cubatão River
 Cubatãozinho River
 Cubate River
 Cuc River
 Cuiabá River
 Cuiari River
 Cuiaté River
 Cuieiras River
 Cuini River
 Culari River
 Culuene River
 Cumbuco River
 Cuminapanema River
 Cunani River
 Cunaú River
 Cunhãmati River
 Cunhaporanga River
 Das Cunhãs River
 Cuniuá River
 Cupido River
 Cupiró River
 Cupixi River
 Curaçá River
 Curapi River
 Curiaú River
 Curiche Grande River (Corixa Grande River)
 Curicuriari River
 Curimataí River
 Curimataú River
 Curisevo River
 Curiuaú River
 Currais Novos River
 Curu River
 Curuá do Sul River
 Curuá River
 Curuá River
 Curuá River
 Curuá Una River
 Curuaés River
 Curuçá River
 Curuduri River
 Curupara River
 Curuquetê River
 Cururu River
 Cururu River
 Cururuaçu River
 Cutanji River
 Cutia River
 Daraá River
 Demini River
 Descoberto River
 Desquite River
 Diamantina River
 Diamantino River
 Da Direita River
 Da Divisa River
 Doce River
 Doce River
 Doce River
 Dois de Setembro River
 Dois Rios River
 Douradinho River
 Dourado River
 Dourado River
 Dourado River
 Dourados River
 Dourados River
 Dourados River
 Dueré River
 Duna River
 Dos Duques River
 Da Dúvida River
 Das Éguas River (Correntina River)
 Eiru River
 Elvas River
 Embu-Guaçu River
 Embu-Mirim River
 Encantado River
 Endimari River
 Engano River
 Engano River
 Do Engano River
 Enjeitado River
 Envira River
 Erechim River
 Ereo River
 Ericó River
 Escondido River
 Escurinho River
 Escuro River
 Esfolado River
 Espalha River
 Espingarda River
 Espinharas River
 Estiva River
 Da Faca River
 Fagundes River
 Falsino River
 Fanado River
 Faria River
 Faria Timbó River
 Farinha River
 Da Farinha River
 Da Fartura River
 Feio River
 Feitosa River
 Feliciano River
 Das Fêmeas River
 Ferro River
 Fidalgo River
 Figueiredo River
 Do Filipe River
 Fiúza River
 Flechal River
 Das Flores River
 Das Flores River
 Das Flores River
 Floriano River
 Floriano River
 Do Fogo River
 Formiga River
 Formiga River
 Formoso River
 Formoso River
 Formoso River
 Formoso River
 Formoso River (Cristalino River)
 Forqueta River
 Forquetinha River
 Forquilha River
 Fortaleza River
 Do Frade River
 Dos Frades River
 Francês River
 Freire Muniz River
 Fresco River
 Fumaça River
 Da Fumaça River
 Fundão River
 Fundo River
 Fundo River
 Do Funil River
 Furo do Tajapuru
 Furo Santa Rosa
 Furuba River
 Do Gado River
 Gajapara River
 Do Galé River
 Galera River
 Galheirão River
 Gameleira River
 Garça River
 Das Garças River
 Das Garças River
 Garcia River
 Garou River
 Gavião River
 Gemuuma River
 Goiana River
 Goiatá River
 Goio-Bang River
 Goio-Erê River
 Gonçalves Dias River
 Gongogi River
 Gorutuba River
 Grajaú River
 Grajaú River
 Gramame River
 Grande River
 Grande River
 Grande River
 Grande River
 Grande River
 Gravatá River
 Gravatá River
 Gravatá River
 Gravataí River
 Gregório River
 Palmeiras River
 Groaíras River
 Grotão das Arraias River
 Guaiamã River
 Guaíba River
 Guaio River
 Guajará River
 Guaji River
 Guaju River
 Guamá River
 Guandu River
 Guandu River
 Guandu River
 Guandu-Mirim River
 Guapi-Áçu River
 Guaporé River
 Guaporé River
 Guara River
 Guará River
 Guarani River
 Guarapari River
 Guarapiranga River
 Guarapó River
 Guaratinguetá River
 Guarauninha River
 Da Guarda River (Itaguaí River)
 Guareí River
 Guareí River
 Guariba River
 Guaribe River
 Guarijuba River
 Guarita River
 Guaritire River
 Guaxindiba River
 Guaxindiba River
 Guaxindibe River
 Guaxupé River
 Gurguéia River
 Gurinhém River
 Gurinhenzinho River
 Gurjaú River
 Gurupi River
 Gurupí River
 Huaiá-Miçu River
 Humaitã River
 Humboldt River
 Iá River
 Iaco River
 Iapó River
 Iaué River
 Ibicuí da Armada River
 Ibicuí da Cruz River
 Ibicuí River
 Ibicuí-Mirim River
 Ibirapuitã Chico River
 Ibirapuitã River
 Ibirubá River
 Icamaquã River
 Içana River
 Iconha River
 Igapó River
 Igarapé Humaitá
 Iguaçu River
 Iguará River
 Iguatemi River
 Iguazu River
 Ijuí River
 Ijuizinho River
 Imabu River
 Imaruí River (Marium River)
 Imbariê River
 Imbaú River
 Do Imbé River
 Imbituva River
 Imboacica River
 Imuti River
 Iná River
 Inajá River
 Inauini River
 Indaiá River
 Indaiá Grande River
 Indiaroba River
 Do Indio River
 Dos Indios River
 Dos Indios River
 Dos Indios River
 Inferno Grande River
 Ingá River
 Ingaí River
 Inhandava River
 Inhomirim River
 Inhumas River
 Inhumas River
 Inipaco River
 Ipanema River
 Ipiranga River
 Ipiranga River
 Ipiranga River
 Ipitinga River
 Ipixuna River
 Ipixuna River
 Ipixuna River
 Ipojuca River
 Iporã River
 Iquê River
 Iracema River
 Irani River
 Iraputã River
 Iratapina River
 Iratapuru River
 Iratim River
 Iratinzinho River
 Maú River
 Iriri Novo River
 Iriri River
 Iriri River
 Itã River
 Itabapoana River
 Itacaiunas River
 Itacambiruçu River
 Itacanoeira River
 Itacarambi River
 Itacolomi River
 Itagacaba River
 Itaguari River
 Itaim River
 Itaim River
 Itaim River
 Itajaí do Norte River
 Itajaí do Oeste River
 Itajaí do Sul River
 Itajaí-Açu River
 Itajaí-Mirim River
 Itamarandiba River
 Itambacurí River
 Itamirim River
 Itanhaém River
 Itanhauá River
 Itapanhaú River
 Itapará River
 Itaparaná River
 Itapecerica River
 Itapecuru River
 Itapecuruzinho River
 Itapemirim River
 Itapeti River
 Itapetininga River
 Itapicuru River
 Itapicuru-Açu River
 Itapicuru-Mirim River
 Itapirapuã River
 Itapoama River
 Itapoçu River
 Itapocuzinho River
 Itaquai River
 Itaquiraí River
 Itararé River
 Itata River
 Itaueira River
 Itaúna River
 Itaúnas River
 Itauninha River
 Itaxueiras River
 Itimitim River
 Itinga River
 Itiquira River
 Itoupava River
 Itu River
 Itucumã River
 Ituí River
 Ituim River
 Itupeva River
 Ituxi River
 Ivaí River
 Ivaí River
 Ivaizinho River
 Ivinhema River
 Jabiberi River
 Jaboatão River
 Jabotá River
 Jaburu River
 Jacaraípe River
 Jacarandá River
 Jacaré Pepira River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacaré River
 Jacarecica River
 Jacaré-Guaçu River
 Jacarezinho River
 Jaciparaná River
 Jacoca River
 Jacoca River
 Jacu River
 Jacuba River
 Jacuí River
 Jacuí River
 Jacuí-Mirim River
 Jacuípe River
 Jacuípe River
 Jacuípe River
 Jacuizinho River
 Jacundá River
 Jacundá River
 Jacupiranga River
 Jacuriaí River
 Jacurutu River
 Jacutinga River
 Jacutinga River
 Jacutinga River
 Da Jacutinga River
 Jaguarão River
 Jaguari Mirim River
 Jaguari River
 Jaguari River
 Jaguari River
 Jaguariaíva River
 Jaguariatu River
 Jaguaribe River
 Jaguarizinho River
 Jagui River
 Jaibaras River
 Jamanxim River
 Jamari River
 Jamicia River
 Jaminauá River
 Jandiatuba River
 Jangada River
 Jangada River
 Japaratuba River
 Japoré River
 Japuiba River
 Japurá River
 Jaqueri River
 Jaquirana River
 Jaracatiá River
 Jararaca River
 Jaraucu River
 Jardim River
 Jardim River
 Jari River
 Jari River
 Jaru River
 Jataí River
 Jatapu River
 Jatobá River
 Jatuarana River
 Jaú River
 Jaú River
 Jauaperi River
 Jauaru River
 Jauquara River
 Jauru River
 Jauru River
 Javary River
 Jenipapo River
 Jequiá River (on Governador Island)
 Jequié River
 Jequiriçá River
 Jequitaí River
 Jequitinhonha River
 Dos Jesuítas River
 Ji-Paraná River (Machado River)
 Jiquiá River
 Jirituba River
 João de Tiba River
 João Leite River
 João Paulo River
 Jordão River
 Jordão River
 Jorigue River
 Juami River
 Juari River
 Juazeiro River
 Juba River
 Jucá River
 Jucu Braço Norte River
 Jucu Braço Sul River
 Jucu River
 Jucurucu River
 Jufari River
 Juína River
 Juína-Miriam River
 Juininha River
 Juma River
 Jundiá River
 Jundiá River
 Jundiaí River
 Jundiaí River
 Jundiaí River
 Jundiaí River
 Jundiuvira River
 Jupati River
 Juquiá River
 Jurema River
 Juriti River
 Juruá River
 Juruá River
 Juruá-Mirim River
 Juruazinho River
 Juruena River
 Jurupari River
 Jutai River
 Jutaizinho River
 Jutuva River
 Kariniutu River
 Kevuaieli River
 Lacerda de Almeida River
 Da Laguna River (Pauxis River)
 Lajeado Grande River
 Lajeado River
 Lajeado River
 Lajeado River
 Das Lajes River
 Ribeirão das Lajes
 Lambari River
 Lambedor River
 Laranjaí River
 Laranjal River
 Laranjeiras River
 Laranjeiras River
 Laranjinha River
 Lava-Tudo River
 Leão River
 Do Leão River
 Lençóis River
 Leste River
 Lever River (Itaberaí River)
 Liberdade River
 Liberdade River
 Ligeiro River
 Lôbo d'Almada River
 Longá River
 Lonqueador River
 Lontra River
 Ribeirão Lontra
 Das Lontras River
 Lourenço River
 Lourenço Velho River
 Luís Alves River
 Luna River
 Macabu River
 Macabuzinho River
 Maçacara River
 Macaco Branco River
 Macaco River
 Macacoari River
 Macacos River
 Macacos River
 Macacu River
 Macaé River
 Macambira River (Inhuçu River)
 Macambira River
 Macari River
 Macauã River
 Macaúba River
 Macaxeira River
 Machadinho River
 Machado River
 Lajeado Macuco
 Macucuaú River
 Madeira River
 Madeirinha River
 Mãe Luzia River
 Magé River
 Magu River
 Maiá River
 Maici River
 Maicuru River
 Mainart River
 Maiquinique River
 Mamanguape River
 Mamboré River
 Mambucaba River
 Mamiá River
 Mamiá River
 Mamoré River
 Mamoriá River
 Mampituba River
 Mamuru River
 Manacapuru River
 Manguaba River
 Dos Mangues River
 Manhuaçu River
 Manicoré River
 Manissauá-Miçu River
 Mansinho River
 Manso River
 Manso River
 Manso River
 Manuel Alves da Natividade River
 Manuel Alves Grande River
 Manuel Alves Pequeno River
 Manoel Alves River
 Mapaoni River
 Mapari River
 Mapiá Grande River
 Mapiri River
 Mapuá River
 Mapuera River
 Maquiné River
 Maracá River
 Maracacumé River
 Maracaí River
 Maracajá River (Baracaju River)
 Maracanã River
 Maracanã River
 Maracani River
 Maracá-Pucu River
 Maranhão River
 Marapí River
 Marari River
 Maratá River
 Maratasã River
 Marauiá River
 Maré River
 Maria Paula River
 Mariaquã River
 Marié River
 Marimari River
 Mario Preta River
 Mariricu River
 Marituba River
 Marmelada River
 Dos Marmelos River
 Marombas River
 Marrecas River
 Marrecas River
 Das Marrecas River
 Maruanum River
 Marupi River
 Matapi River
 Mataruna River
 Mataurá River
 Matipó River
 Do Mato River
 Mato Rico River
 Dos Matos River
 Matrinxã River
 Matupiri River
 Maués Açu River
 Maurício River
 Maxaranguape River
 Mazomba River
 Mearim River
 Medonho River
 Meia Ponte River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Do Meio River
 Meirim River
 Melchior River
 Melissa River
 Membeca River
 Mequéns River
 Mequéns River
 Dos Meros River
 Miang River
 Das Minas River
 Mineruázinho River
 Miranda River
 Mirapuxi River
 Miringuava River
 Miriri River
 Miriti River
 Mitéuca River
 Moa River
 Moacir Ávidos River
 Mocambo River
 Mocatu River
 Moções River
 Mocotó River
 Moji-Guaçu River
 Moji-Mirim River
 Moju River
 Monjolinho River
 Morro Alegre River
 Rio das Mortes
 Rio das Mortes
 Morto River
 Mosquito River
 Mosquito River
 Do Moura River (Paraná da Viúva River)
 Mourão River
 Moxotó River
 Muaco River
 Mucajaí River
 Mucum River
 Mucuri River
 Muguilhão River
 Mumbaba River
 Mundaú River
 Mundaú River
 Munim River
 Muqui do Norte River
 Muqui do Sul River
 Muqui River
 Muriaé River
 Muribaca River
 Muricizal River
 Muru River
 Mururé River
 Mutum River
 Mutum River
 Mutum River
 Mutum River
 Mutumparaná River
 Mutura River
 Muzambo River
 Nabileque River
 Igarapé Natal
 Do Navio River
 Negrinho River
 Negrinho River
 Negro River
 Negro River
 Negro River
 Negro River
 Negro River
 Rio Negro
 Río Negro
 Nhamundá River
 Nioaque River
 Noidoro River
 Noucouru River
 Do Norte River
 Nova Lombárdia River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Novo River
 Obim River
 Ocoi River
 Dos Oeiras River
 Dos Oitis River
 Da Onça River
 Das Ondas River
 Orgarantim River
 Oriçanga River
 Orobó River
 Ouricuri River
 Ouro River
 Do Ouro River
 Do Ouro River
 Do Ouro River
 Do Ouro River
 Do Ouro River
 Ouro Preto River
 Oiapoque River
 Pacaás Novos River
 Pacajá River
 Paciá River
 Paciência River
 Pacoti River
 Pacu River
 Pacu River
 Pacu River
 Pacuí River
 Pacuí River
 Pacuma River
 Pacuneiro River
 Padauari River
 Paduari River
 Pagão River
 Pajé River
 Pajeú River
 Palha River
 Palhano River
 Palheiro River
 Palma River
 Palmares River
 Das Palmas River
 Palmeiras River
 Palmeiras River
 Palmital River
 Palmital River
 Palmital River
 Palmital River
 Pampã River
 Panari River
 Panaúba River
 Pancas River
 Pandeiros River
 Panquinhas River
 Pântano River
 Papagaio River
 Papagaio River
 Dos Papagaios River
 Papocas River
 Papuri River
 Paquequer River
 Paquequer River
 Pará Mirim River
 Pará River
 Pará River
 Paracaí River
 Paracatu River
 Paracatu River
 Paracauti River
 Paraconi River
 Paracori River
 Parado River
 Paraguaçu River
 Paraguay River
 Paraguazinho River
 Paraíba River
 Paraíba River
 Paraíba do Sul
 Paraibinha River
 Paraibinha River
 Paraibuna River
 Paraibuna River
 Paraim River
 Paraitinga River
 Paraitinga River
 Paramirim River
 Paraná River
 Paraná River
 Igarapé Paraná
 Paraná Urariá
 Paranã River
 Paranã River
 Paranaíba River
 Paranaíta River
 Paranapanema River
 Paranhana River
 Paranoá River
 Paraopeba River
 Paratari River
 Parateí River (Lambari-Parateí River)
 Paratibe River
 Paratiji River
 Paraú River
 Parauapebas River
 Parauari River
 Pardinho River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Pardo River
 Dos Pardos River
 Parecis River
 Paricarana River
 Parima River
 Parimé River
 Pariquera-Açu River
 Parnaíba River
 Parnaìbinha River
 Parnamirim River
 Paroeira River
 Dos Patos River
 Dos Patos River
 Dos Patos River
 Dos Patos River
 Paru de Oeste River (Cuminá River)
 Paru River
 Passa Cinco River
 Passa Dois River
 Passa Três River
 Passa Una River
 Passo Fundo River
 Pataxós River
 Pati River (Bóia River)
 Pato Branco River
 Pau Alto River
 Pau Atravessado River
 Pau d'Arco River
 Pau Gigante River
 Pauini River
 Pauini River
 Paulista River
 Paulo Diniz River
 Pau-Seco River
 Pavuna River
 Ribeirão da Paz
 Pedra d´Água River
 Das Pedras River
 Das Pedras River
 Das Pedras River
 Das Pedras River
 Das Pedras River
 Pedreira River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Do Peixe River
 Dos Peixes River
 Peixoto de Azevedo River
 Pelotas River
 Pelotinhas River
 Pendotiba River
 Peperiguaçu River
 Pequeno River
 Pequeno River
 Perdida River
 Perdido River
 Perdido River
 Perequê-Áçu River
 Periá River
 Perimbó River
 Peritoró River
 Persinuga River
 Peruaçu River
 Perucaba River
 Peruípe River
 Da Pescaria River
 Pesqueiro River
 Petita River (Porto Alegre River)
 Piabanha River
 Piaçaca River
 Piaí River
 Piancó River
 Piauí River
 Piauí River
 Piauí River
 Piauí River
 Piauitinga River
 Piaus River
 Picuí River
 Pilões River
 Pilões River
 Pimenta Bueno River
 Pimpão River
 Ribeirão Pindaíba
 Pindaré River
 Pinhal Grande River
 Pinhal River
 Pinhão River
 Pinheirinho River
 Pinheiros River (Jurabatuba River)
 Pinhuã River
 Pintado River
 Do Pinto River
 Piorini River
 Pipiripau River
 Piqueri River
 Piquiri River
 Pirabeiraba River
 Piracanjuba River
 Piracanjuba River
 Piracicaba River
 Piracicaba River
 Piraçupiá River
 Piracuruca River
 Piraí River
 Piraí River
 Piraí River
 Piraí-Mirim River
 Piraju River
 Pirajuí River
 Piranema River
 Pirangi River
 Piranhas River
 Piranhas River
 Piranhas River
 Piranhas River
 Piranji River
 Piranji River
 Pirapama River
 Pirapemas River
 Pirapetinga River
 Pirapetinga River
 Pirapó River
 Pirapozinho River
 Piraquara River
 Piraquê Açu River
 Piraquê River
 Piraquê-Mirim River
 Pirari River
 Piratinga River
 Piratini River
 Piratini River
 Piratucu River
 Piriá River
 Piripucu River
 Pitanga River
 Pitanga River
 Pitanga River
 Pitangueiras River
 Pitangui River
 Pitimbu River
 Pitinga River
 Pium River
 Poana River
 Poço Bonito River
 Poço Triste River
 Poguba River (Vermelho River)
 Pojuca River
 Pomba River
 Pomonga River
 Pongal River
 Ponta Grossa River
 Pontal River
 Ponte Alta River
 Ponte de Pedra River
 Porcos River
 Das Porcos River
 Dos Porcos River
 Dos Portões River
 Potengi River (Potenji River, Rio Grande do Norte)
 Poti River
 Potinga River
 Povoamento River
 Poxim Açu River
 Poxim Mirim River
 Poxim River
 Pracaí River
 Pracumba River
 Pracupí River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Da Prata River
 Prataji River
 Prato River
 Pratudão River
 Preguiças River
 Preto da Eva River
 Preto de Candeias River
 Preto do Crespo River
 Prêto do Igapó-Açu River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River (Itauninhas River)
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Preto River
 Puim River
 Púlpito River
 Punaú River
 Pureté River
 Puruê River
 Purus River
 Içá River
 Puturã River
 Quaraí River
 Quartel River
 Do Quati River
 Quatro Cachoeiras River
 Quebra-Anzol River
 Quebra-Dentes River
 Queimados River
 Quilombo River
 Quilombo River
 Quinó River
 Quinze de Novembro River
 Quinze de Novembro River
 Quitauau River
 Quitéria River
 Quitéro River
 Quixeramobim River
 Quixito River
 Rancho Grande River
 Das Rãs River
 Ratones River
 Real River
 Regame River
 Reis Magos River
 Represa Grande River
 Riachão River
 Riacho River
 Ribeira de Iguape River
 Ribeira River
 Ribeira River
 Ribeirão River (Araraduara River)
 Rio de Janeiro
 Riozinho River
 Riozinho River
 Riozinho River
 Riozinho River
 Igarapé Riozinho
 Do Rocha River
 Roda Velha River
 Rodeador River
 Rolante River
 Rolim de Moura River
 Rondi Toró River
 Ronuro River
 Roosevelt River
 Rubim do Norte River
 Rubim do Sul River
 Sabugi River
 Saco River
 Do Saco River
 Sacraiú River
 Sacre River
 Sacuriuiná River
 Sagradouro Grande River
 Do Sal River
 Do Sal River
 Sal Amargo River
 Salabro River
 Salgadinho River
 Salgado River
 Salgado River
 Salgado River (Amargoso River)
 Salgado River
 Salgado River
 Salgado River
 Salinas River
 Das Salinas River
 Salitre River
 Salobra River
 Salto River
 Do Salto River
 Do Salto River
 Salvador River
 Samambaia River
 Samambaia River
 Sambito River
 Sana River
 Sangue River
 Do Sangue River
 Sanhauá River
 Santa Catarina River
 Santa Catarina River
 Santa Cruz River
 Santa Joana River
 Santa Júlia River
 Santa Maria da Vitória River
 Santa Maria do Rio Doce River
 Santa Maria River
 Santa Maria River
 Santa Maria River
 Ribeirão Santa Maria
 Santa Quitéria River
 Santa Rosa River
 Santa Rosa River
 Santa Tereza River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Santana River
 Sant'Ana River
 Sant'Ana River
 Ribeirão Santana
 Santo Agostinho River
 Santo Anastácio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo Antônio River
 Santo António River
 Santo Antônio Grande River
 Santo Cristo River
 Santo Onofre River
 São Bartolomeu River
 São Benedito River
 São Bento River
 São Bento River
 São Bento River
 São Bernardo River
 São Bernardo River
 São Desidério River
 São Domingos Grande River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Domingos River
 São Fernando River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco River
 São Francisco Falso Braço Norte River
 São Francisco Falso Braço Sul River
 São Gonçalo Channel
 São Gonçalo River
 São Jerônimo River
 São Jerônimo River
 São João da Barra River
 São João de Meriti River (Meriti River)
 São João do Paraíso River
 São João Grande River
 São João Pequeno River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 São João River
 Igarapé São João
 São João Surrá River
 São José do Guapiara River
 São José dos Cordeiros River
 São José dos Dourados River
 São José River
 São Lourenço River
 São Lourenço River
 São Lourenço River
 São Lourenço River
 São Lourenço River
 São Luis River
 São Marcos River
 São Mateus River
 São Mateus River
 São Miguel River
 São Miguel River
 São Miguel River
 São Miguel River
 São Nicolau River
 São Patrício River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Pedro River
 São Sebastião River
 São Sebastião River
 São Sepe River
 São Simão River
 São Tomás River
 São Tomé River
 São Venceslau River
 São Vitório River
 Sapão River
 Sapucaí River
 Sapucaí River (Reboucas River)
 Sapucaia River
 Sapucai-Mirim River
 Saracura River
 Saracuruna River
 Sarapuí River (Sapucai River)
 Sarapuí River
 Sararé River
 Sargento River
 Satuba River
 Saudades River
 Saudades River
 Sauêruiná River
 Sepatini River
 Sepoti River
 Sepotuba River
 Sereno River
 Sergipe River
 Seridó River
 Seriema River
 Serra Negra River
 Seruini River
 Sesmarias River
 Sete de Setembro River
 Setúbal River
 Siemens River
 Igarapé Sindrichal
 Dos Sinos River
 Siriji River
 Sirinhaém River
 Siriri River
 Sitiá River
 Sobradinho Creek
 Socavão River
 Socorro River
 Soé River
 Sombrio River
 Do Sono River
 Do Sono River
 Sorocaba River
 Sororò River
 Sotério River
 Soturno River
 Suaçuí Grande River
 Suaçuí Pequeno River
 Suçuarana River
 Sucunduri River
 Sucuriú River
 Sucuru River
 Suia-Miçu River
 Sumidouro Grande River
 Sumidouro River
 Surubiu River
 Suruí River
 Surumu River
 Suzana River
 Tabatinga River
 Taboco River
 Tacaniça River
 Tacunapi River
 Tacutu River
 Tadarimana River
 Taiaçupeba River
 Taiaçupeba-Mirim River
 Tainhas River
 Taió River
 Taíras River
 Tajaul River
 Tamanduá River
 Tamanduateí River
 Tamitatoale River
 Tanaru River
 Tangararé River
 Tapacurã River
 Tapajós River
 Tapauá River
 Tapera River
 Tapera River
 Taperoá River
 Tapira River
 Tapiracuí River
 Tapirapé River
 Tapirapé River
 Tapirucu River
 Tapuio River
 Taquara River
 Taquaraçu River
 Taquaraçu River
 Taquari River
 Taquari River
 Taquari-Mirim River
 Taquari-Guaçu River
 Taquari-Mirim River
 Taquaruçu River
 Taquaruçu River
 Tarauacá River
 Tartarugal Grande River
 Tartarugalzinho River
 Tarunã River
 Tatuamunha River
 Tatuí River
 Tatuí River
 Tauini River
 Tavares River
 Tea River
 Tefé River
 Tejo River
 Teles Pires River
 Da Telha River
 Tenente Marques River
 Tererê River
 Terra Nova River
 Tesoura River
 Tibagi River
 Tibiri River
 Tibiriça River
 Tietê River
 Tijipió River
 Tijucas River
 Tijuco River
 Tijuípe River
 Timbó River
 Timbozinho River
 Timbuí River
 Timonha River
 Tinguá River
 Tiúba River
 Tocantins River
 Tocantins River
 Tocantizinho River
 Todos os Santos River
 Tomé River
 Tonantins River
 Toototobi River
 Tormenta River
 Toropi River
 Tourinho River
 Dos Touros River
 Tracunhaém River
 Traida River
 Traipu River
 Traira River
 Trairão River
 Traíras River
 Trairi River
 Trairi River
 Trairi River
 Tramandaí River
 Trapicheiros River
 Três Barras River
 Três Barras River
 Três Forquilhas River
 Tributo River
 Tricolor River
 Tromaí River
 Trombetas River
 Trombudo River
 Das Tropas River
 Truçu River
 Tubarão River
 Tucunduba River
 Tucurui River
 Tucutol River
 Tueré River
 Tumiã River
 Tupana River
 Turiaçu River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Turvo River
 Tutuí River
 Uaçá River
 Uaicurapa River
 Uailan River
 Uarini River
 Uatatas River
 Uatumã River
 Uauaris River
 Ubatiba River
 Ubatuba River
 Ubazinho River
 Uberaba River
 Uberaba River
 Uberabinha River
 Uimeerê River
 Umari River
 Umari River
 Do Umbuzeiro River
 Umbuzerio River
 Una River
 Una River
 Una River
 Una River
 Uneiuxi River
 Unini River
 Upanema River
 Uraim River
 Uraricaá River
 Uraricoera River
 Uriurana River
 Uru River
 Uru River
 Uruá River
 Urubaxi River
 Urubu River
 Urubu River
 Urubu River
 Urubu Grande River (Das Pedras River)
 Urucaua River
 Urucu River
 Uruçuí Prêto River
 Urucuia River
 Uruçuí-Vermelho River
 Uruguay River
 Urupá River
 Urupaça River
 Urupadi River
 Ururaí River
 Urussanga River
 Utinga River
 Vacacaí River
 Vacacaí-Mirim River
 Vacaria River
 Vacaria River
 Vacas Gordas River
 Valparaiso River
 Varadouro River
 Da Várzea River
 Da Várzea River
 Da Várzea River
 Uaupés River
 Vaza-Barris River
 Vazante Grande
 Veado River
 Do Veado River
 Das Velhas River
 Verde Grande River
 Verde Pequeno River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River (Verdão River)
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verde River
 Verdinho River
 Vereda Pimenteira
 Veríssimo River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vermelho River
 Vila Nova River
 Viruaquim River
 Vitorino River
 Vorá River
 Xambrê River
 Xaparu River
 Xapuri River
 Xavante River
 Xavante River
 Xavantinho River
 Xeriuini River
 Xeruã River
 Xié River
 Ximim-Ximim River
 Xingu River
 Xinxim River
 Xipamanu River
 Zumbi River
 Zutia River

Brazil

Brazil

List of rivers of Brazil


Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Pleydell Dawnay, 3rd Viscount Downe FRS (8 April 1727 – 9 December 1760), was a British soldier and politician.

Dawnay was the eldest son of the Honourable John Dawnay, son of Henry Dawnay, 2nd Viscount Downe. His mother was Charlotte Louisa, daughter of Robert Pleydell, of Ampney Crucis, Gloucestershire. He succeeded his grandfather in the viscountcy in May 1741, aged 14. As this was an Irish peerage it did not entitle him to a seat in the English House of Lords (although it did entitle him to a seat in the Irish House of Lords). He was consequently eligible for election to the House of Commons and in 1750 he was returned as one of two Knights of the Shire for Yorkshire, a seat he held until his death ten years later. Lord Downe also served in the Seven Years' War as a lieutenant-colonel in the 25th Foot. He fought in the Battle of Minden in 1759 and commanded the regiment in the Battle of Campen in October 1760. He died in December 1760 from wounds received during the latter battle, aged 33.

Lord Downe never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, John.

References

1727 births
1760 deaths
Viscounts in the Peerage of Ireland
King's Own Scottish Borderers officers
British Army personnel of the Seven Years' War
British military personnel killed in the Seven Years' War
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
British MPs 1747–1754
British MPs 1754–1761
Fellows of the Royal Society
Henry

Henry Dawnay, 3rd Viscount Downe


Boonesborough is an unincorporated community in Madison County, Kentucky, USA. It is in the central part of the state along the Kentucky River. It is the site of Fort Boonesborough State Park, which includes the Kentucky River Museum. The park site has been rebuilt to look like a working fort of the days when Daniel Boone lived there.

Boonesborough was founded by Boone as Boone's Station while he was working for Richard Henderson and Nathanial Hart of the Transylvania Company. Boone led a group of settlers through the mountains from Fort Watauga (present-day Elizabethton in Tennessee). He carved the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap. He established Fort Boonesborough. Boone lived there from 1775 to 1779. Boonesborough was the town in the area of present-day Kentucky formally chartered by the Commonwealth of Virginia which then claimed it. It was also one of the first English-speaking communities west of the Appalachian Mountains. Boone successfully led his fellow settlers during the Siege of Boonesborough in 1778. He then moved to his son Israel's settlement at Boone's New Station near what is now Athens, Kentucky.

Unincorporated communities in Kentucky

Boonesborough, Kentucky


Bagrat V the Great (, ) (died 1393) from the Bagrationi dynasty was the son of the Georgian king David IX of Georgia by his wife Sindukhtar Jaqeli. He was co-ruler from 1355, and became king after the death of his father in 1360.

Life
A fair and popular ruler, also known as a brave warrior.
Trapezuntine chronicler Michael Panaretos, a contemporary of the king, describes him as "a most excellent general."

Later he was an ally of the khan of the Golden Horde, Tokhtamysh, in his war with Timur (also known as Tamerlane). In late autumn 1386, a huge army of Timur's attacked Georgia. Tbilisi was besieged and taken on 21 November 1386, after a fierce fight. The city was pillaged and Bagrat V and his family were imprisoned. Taking advantage of this disaster, the royal vassal Duke Alexander I of Imereti proclaimed himself an independent ruler and was crowned king of Imereti at the Gelati Monastery in 1387.

In order to secure his release, Bagrat V agreed to convert from Orthodox Christianity and become Muslim, though it is assumed that his conversion was not real but rather one of convenience.  Timur agreed to free Bagrat and sent him with 12,000 troops back to Georgia. However, with secret aid from Bagrat, his son George completely destroyed the Islamic escort force and released the king.

In the spring of 1387, Timur again invaded Georgia but could not force the Georgians to submission. News of a revolt in Persia and an invasion of Azerbaijan by the Golden horde forced Timur to withdraw.

In 1389, on the death of Alexander of Imereti, Bagrat was able to reduce his successor to a vassal duke again.

He died in 1393, leaving the throne to his son George.

Family and children
George VII was Bagrat V's son with his first wife, Helena Megale Komnene, who died in 1366. In June 1367, Bagrat V married Anna Megale Komnene, daughter of Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond and Theodora Kantakouzene at Makriali Church in Lazia. She gave birth to four children:

 Constantine I
 David
 Tamar (subsequently wife of Prince Eles Baratashvili)
 Olympias (Ulumpia; subsequently wife of Prince Kakhaber Chijavadze).

References

Kings of Georgia
Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Georgia
1393 deaths
Eastern Orthodox monarchs
Former Georgian Orthodox Christians
Converts to Islam from Eastern Orthodoxy
Year of birth unknown

Bagrat V of Georgia


The Windsor Police Service is the municipal law enforcement agency in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It succeeded the Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment.

Since 2019, the Windsor Police Service has also provided contract policing services for the nearby Town of Amherstburg. In 2021, it submitted a proposal to provide policing services for the Municipality of Leamington. The municipality rejected the proposal and continues to be served by the Ontario Provincial Police.

The current chief of police is Jason Bellaire, who previously served as a deputy chief and acting chief before being appointed to the role in November 2022.

Windsor Police Services is among police forces with the highest number of human rights complaints in Ontario. Specifically, they have been the subject of the highest number of formal complaints regarding sexual misconduct and reprisal. They have also been the subject of high-profile cases of assault against civilians. In 2020, amidst rising demands for police abolition across North America, a campaign was launched to defund the Windsor Police Services.

Organization
The Windsor Police Service headquarters is located at 150 Goyeau Street in downtown Windsor. The building incorporates an Ontario Court of Justice courthouse.

In addition, the service maintains secondary sites:

 Major FA Tilston Armoury & Police Training Centre, 4007 Sandwich St. (shared with the Department of National Defence)
 Sandwich Community Services, 3312 Sandwich St.
 Collision Reporting Centre, 2696 Jefferson Blvd.
The police service employs 473 sworn members and 153 civilian members. The organization is divided into two areas: Operations and Operational Support.

Operations

Emergency 911 Centre
The Windsor Police Emergency 911 Centre handles all incoming 911 calls in the City of Windsor. It dispatches police officers, while calls for fire and EMS are routed to their respective agencies. The Emergency 911 Centre co-operates with the Canadian Coast Guard, Canada Border Services Agency and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

Investigations
 General Investigations Unit
 Major Crimes Unit
 Special Victims Unit
 Target Based Unit

Investigative Support
 Investigative Analysis
 Drugs & Gun Enforcement
 Intelligence
 Property & Evidence Retention

Patrol and Patrol Response
 Downtown directed patrol
 Crisis Outreach and Support Team (COAST)

Patrol Support
 Court Operations
 Emergency Services Unit
 Explosive Disposal Unit
 Marine Unit
 Police Dog Unit
 Traffic Branch
 Collision Reporting Centre

Operational Support
 Information Services
 Planning & Physical Services
 Professional Advancement
 Professional Standards Branch
 Quality Assurance and Audits
 Technology Services

Windsor Police Pipe Band
The Windsor Police Pipe Band was founded in 1967. The band performs at a variety of community events, including parades, police memorial services and funerals. Two groups also compete under the Windsor Police's name in grade 3 and 5.

Police chiefs
The following is a list of Windsor's police chiefs:
 Samuel Port 1867
 William Bains
 Daniel Thompson
 Mortimore Wigle
 James P. Smith
 Claude Renaud 1935 to 1950
 Edwin V. McNeill - O.P.P. Staff Inspector. Temporary appointment. 1950/51
 Carl W. Farrow 1951 to 1968
 Gordon Preston 1968 to 1974
 John Williamson 1974 to 1980
 Jack Shuttleworth 1980 to 1984
 John Hughes 1984 to 1988
 Jim Adkin 1988-1994
 John Kousik 1994-1999
 Glenn Stannard 1999-2008
 Gary Smith 2008-2012
 Al Frederick 2012-2019
 Pamela Mizuno 2019-2022
 Jason Bellaire 2022–Present

Controversies

David Van Buskirk and the Assault of Dr. Abouhassan
In April 2010, Windsor Detective David van Buskirk assaulted Dr. Tyceer Abouhassan, an endocrinologist, in an unprovoked attack in a parking lot on McDougall St. outside Dr. Abouhassan's workplace. Dr. Abouhassan was left with a concussion, broken nose, bruised ribs, and a detached retina, requiring emergency surgery. Van Buskirk initially filed a police report stating that Dr. Abouhassan had attacked him, and police filed charges against Abouhassan for assaulting a peace officer. Those charges were dismissed by the court later that year. In 2012, a video was uncovered which showed the assault on film. Van Buskirk then retracted his earlier statements and plead guilty to assault.

As the case developed, Windsor Star reported several previous cases of police brutality perpetrated by Van Buskirk and other officers named in the case. Between 1993 and 1994, there were at least four cases of Van Buskirk assaulting civilians and then charging them with obstruction or assault. In the first case, in 1993, Van Buskirk and another officer apprehended a man sleeping in his car and beat him severely. In the second, in 1994, Van Buskirk, working as a breathalyzer technician, roughhandled a man who alleged wrongful arrest, dislocating his shoulder. In both cases Buskirk's charges were thrown out of court. Both victims filed lawsuits against Van Buskirk and both suits were settled out of court.

In the third instance, a Michigan man named Gregory Eugene Jackson also sued Van Buskirk, claiming that he and a group of Windsor police officers including Kent McMillan, also named in the Abouhassan case, had assaulted him when he was in Windsor. He suffered a gash to the forehead which required medical staples. He was charged with obstructing a police officer, but the Crown withdrew the charge. Jackson sued the police and settled out of court.

In the fourth instance, in 1994, Van Buskirk was accused, along with other officers, of beating three handcuffed men while taunting them with racial slurs. Two victims were charged with obstructing police, but were acquitted. One sued, but dropped his case for unknown reasons. Windsor police said Van Buskirk would be criminally charged with assault for the incident, but the case was never disclosed and the Police subsequently refused to comment when questioned by journalists.

In 1998 Van Buskirk plead guilty to discreditable conduct and neglect of duty, for accompanying two topless Michigan women into a hotel room with a fellow officer, and telling headquarters they were on call for the ensuing five hours. He was docked 60 hours pay.

Abouhassan's lawyer expressed disbelief that Van Buskirk would not receive a suspension for any of the above incidents.

Investigators also revealed other officers involved in the Abouhassan case had track records of assault and misconduct. Staff Sgt. Al Pizzicaroli, who worked with the police department's professional standards branch responsible for investigating the case, had previously in 1991 been witnessed assaulting a man with other officers. When citizens intervened in the assault, they too were assaulted, and the police made charges against them. The Court acquitted the accused and criticized the officers for misconduct. An internal investigation cleared the officers.

Inspector Randy Gould, named as a criminal investigator in the Abouhassan case, was found by an appeal court in 2002 to have beaten a confession out of a man convicted of manslaughter, in the presence of another officer.

Staff Sgt. Paul Bridgemann and Detective Pat Keane were alleged to have approached Dr. Abouhassan's lawyer about dropping the case, attempting to strike a deal in which charges against Dr. Abouhassan would be dropped if the Dr. dropped his charges.

Bridgemann had also been previously demoted in 1992 for discharging his firearm out a car window on the E.C. Row Expressway after becoming intoxicated in public with other officers.

Sgt. Mike LaPorte, a former Police Union executive, was the officer who filed the assault charges against Dr. Abouhassan in 2010. At the time he had retired and was therefore not subject to Police Act charges. LaPorte had his own track record of misconduct, previously engaging in a hit and run in 1993, hitting two parked cars after leaving a bar run by the Police Union.

In the midst of the lawsuit launched by Dr. Abouhassan against the police, then-chief Gary Smith announced an early retirement, to be replaced by Al Frederick. Van Buskirk was ultimately sentenced to 5 months in jail after pleading guilty to assault causing bodily harm.

Missing cocaine evidence in 2013
In 2017, a court decision revealed that the Windsor Police Service had lost twenty-five thousand dollars worth of cocaine from their evidence vault in 2013. Chief Al Frederick claimed to have alerted the Police Services Board to the missing drugs in 2013, although board members told CBC News they could not recall being informed. Frederick claimed that the drugs were likely accidentally incinerated, rather than stolen.

Shooting of Matthew Mahoney
In March 2018, two unnamed Windsor Police officers shot and killed 33 year-old Matthew Mahoney, a man experiencing mental health crisis and wielding a knife in a McDonalds. Mahoney was shot a total of seven times. In 2019 the Special Investigations Unit cleared the officers of any wrongdoing.

Mahoney's brother said he was diagnosed with schizophrenia and other health issues, and often "called the police to ask for help but had trouble expressing himself." They called for a coroner's inquest, claiming the SIU report was insufficient.

Domestic disturbance call to Chief Frederick's house
In 2019, it was reported that a domestic disturbance 911 hang-up call was made from Windsor Police Chief Al Frederick's Windsor home. It was reported that Frederick and his wife Simone were the only people normally living in the home.

CBC investigators raised questions about transparency and how the police handled the situation. Mayor Drew Dilkens dismissed concerns and claimed the call was "not of a criminal nature".

May 2019 incident
The family of a 27-year-old Windsor man issued a complaint that officers used excessive force when arresting him in May 2019. The man claimed he was assaulted both during his arrest and after being detained in a police vehicle. Footage showed the man in a transport vehicle swallowing blood and in severe pain and discomfort. The SIU cleared officers of any wrongdoing, claiming that while the man was struck to the body and head, that officers used necessary force to detain him. Police claimed they believed the man was armed, although it was later revealed he was not.

Scholarship
A memorial scholarship named John Atkinson Scholarship Award for Police Foundations is yearly given by St. Clair College for students who aspire to become police officers. The scholarship was named for PC John Atkinson, who was shot and murdered on duty in 2005.

References

External links

1867 establishments in Ontario
Law enforcement agencies of Ontario
Municipal law enforcement agencies
Municipal government of Windsor, Ontario

Windsor Police Service


is considered to be Japan's first female journalist.

Born into a former samurai family, Hani was born Matsuoka Motoko in Aomori Prefecture and was baptized a Christian in 1890. She was educated at Tokyo First Higher Women's School and then at the Meiji Women's Christian School. After leaving school in 1892, she taught school in Hachinohe and in Morioka. Her marriage in 1895 did not work out and she moved to Tokyo, working as a maid for a female doctor. She joined Hochi Shinbun in 1897, working first as a copy editor and later becoming a reporter. In 1901, she married a co-worker, Hani Yoshikazu. Together, they founded a new magazine called Fujin no Tomo (Women's friend) in 1908. An association of readers of that magazine was established in 1930 which still existed as of 1999. In 1921, the couple founded a private school for girls, Jiyu Gakuen. She wrote an autobiography in 1928 titled Speaking of Myself.

Early life

Family
Hani Motoko was born on September 8, 1873, in Aomori Prefecture, the year after Japan's modern public school system was established. "In its attempt to catch up with the West by modernizing the country, the Meiji government made education one of its top priorities. Public elementary education was made compulsory in 1872 for the first time in Japanese history. This stress on education was further expanded during the succeeding Taisho period (1912-1926), which made the education of women beyond elementary school more accessible as general response to the worldwide trend toward liberalism and internationalism in the post-World War I years."

She was born into a wealthy family. She was raised by her grandfather, Matsuoka Tadataka, who was a former samurai and her father. Hani considered the other women of her household, her grandmother and mother, to be naïve, because they were illiterate. Hani was close to her father (who was a lawyer), but her father became estranged after her parents divorced. Her father's estrangement bothered her very deeply.

She attended elementary school in Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture. She was part of a new generation of girls who were allowed to pursue an education beyond basic schooling. The Meiji government (1868–1912) idealized the earlier Confucian ideal of a male-centered society. Men were educated to become leaders of society and their own households. The government's philosophy towards women was expressed with the slogan "good wife, wise mother", which stressed women as caretakers and obedient wives. Women's education focused on "womanliness" and preparation for marriage.

Early schooling
Hani struggled to get along with her classmates and she failed to act appropriately under moral convictions. As a child, she ranked herself among the boys. In 1884, she won an award for academic excellence, presented by the Ministry of Education. Due to Hani's close relationship with her grandfather, he enabled her to attend Tokyo's First Higher Girls' School (Kōtō Jogakkō). At the time, no colleges in Japan admitted women.

Higher education
Christian Schools began to open their doors to women and Hani was able to attend the Meiji Girls' School (Meiji Jogakkō). Christian Schools, unlike the Japanese school at the time, promoted modernity and the advancement of women's social status, preparing them for leadership roles in society.

At the Meiji Girls' School (Meiji Jogakkō), Iwamoto Yoshiharu, the school's president and editor of Jogaku Zasshi (a women's magazine), became her first mentor. In an interview, she convinced him to give her a job as a copy editor for the magazine. The magazine opened many doors for her, in terms of her journalism career.

She withdrew from the Meiji Women's School in 1892.

Career

Teaching career
Before she became a journalist, Hani was a teacher. At the time, most who worked in wage labor at the time were employed as textile-mill operators or domestic servants. Only 5.9% of teachers in Japan were women. For a woman, teaching was the most prestigious and lucrative career available.

Journalism career
Hani's first major break was soon after she joined the Hochi Shimbun, a newspaper column entitled "Fujin no sugao" (Portraits of Famous Women), which featured profiles of famous married women in Japan. Hani took initiative on the story, despite not being assigned to it. She interviewed the wife of Viscount Tani Kanjo, Lady Tani, and her article was an instant success. After receiving positive responses from readers, Miki Zenpachi, president of the newspaper, promoted her to reporter. Hani became Japan's first female journalist in 1897 at the age of 24. Her reputation as a reporter grew quickly, because she covered often neglected social issues such as child care and orphanages.

As a journalist in the 1920s, Hani operated as a mediator between two polarizing ideas: one being that women are equal to men in every way. The other belief being that women are inferior to men. She argued that women were equal to men in the domestic sphere. Hani popularized the virtues of the Western-style "house wife." She cooperated with bureaucrats in sponsoring daily life improvement exhibitions and she also gave lectures. Her work emphasized Christian ideals, independence, self-esteem, and personal freedom

Hani was among several prominent female leaders—such as Ichikawa Fusae, Dr. Yoshioka, and Takeuchi Shigeyo—who worked with the Meiji government to better the life of women in their country. Like many activists, Hani used the war with China in 1937 as an opportunity to elevate the position of Japanese women within the state. She used the Western world as a frame of reference. "Followers of Hani Motoko, led by her daughter Setsuko, also actively assisted the wartime government in urging women to economize and 'rationalize' their daily lives."

Personal life

First marriage
Hani married in 1892, but the marriage was short lived. According to her autobiography, she married in order to save the man she loved from a lifestyle she deemed vulgar; she married him to change him, but it didn't work. She kept her divorce a secret from her family; after the failure of her parents' marriage, her own divorce was the second most painful emotional crisis of her life: "I have always feared that this painful episode of my life, of which I am ashamed even today, might jeopardize the effectiveness of my public service. Not for a moment, however, do I regret my decision to liberate myself from the enslaving hold of emotion, for my life had been rendered meaningless by the selfish and profane love of another".

Second marriage
In 1901, she married a co-worker, Hani Yoshikazu. Together, they founded a new magazine called Fujin no Tomo (Women's friend) in 1908. An association of readers of that magazine was established in 1930 which still existed as of 1999. In 1921, the couple founded a private school for girls, Jiyu Gakuen.

She wrote an autobiography in 1928 titled Speaking of Myself.

References/Notes and reference

References

19th-century Japanese women
19th-century journalists
1873 births
1957 deaths
Japanese journalists
Japanese magazine founders

Hani Motoko


A Makura-Nage () is a game from Japan in which children throw pillows at each other. A typical occasion to play it is after the futon are prepared (especially after the official lights-off time) in summer camp.

While a pillow fight mainly takes the form of beating each other with pillows, Japanese Makura-Nage is a game in which players mainly throw pillows to each other. The word "makura" means "pillow", "nage" means "throwing".

There were no rules for Makura-Nage, but today some Japanese ryokan hold Makura-Nage Games (まくら投げ大会) for advertisement.

In many anime and manga, a Makura-Nage scene creates a nostalgic atmosphere when describing children.

See also
 Pillow fight

External links
 Makura Nage 枕投げ (in Italian)
 The まくら投げ - 2005 archive (in Japanese)

Japanese games
Children's games
Pillow fight

Makura-Nage


Carl Amos (born 30 March 1973) is an English cricketer who has played his 13 List A games for Norfolk County Cricket Club. His highest score of 76 came when playing for Norfolk in a match against Surrey Cricket Board.

He has also played 97 Minor Counties Championship games  and 52 Minor Counties Trophy Matches for Norfolk.

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Cricketers from King's Lynn
English cricketers
Norfolk cricketers

Carl Amos


International Youth Arts Festival (IYAF) is an annual youth arts festival held in the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames every July. The festival was founded in 2009 by Robin Hutchinson MBE and has involved more than 25,000 young people as participants and volunteers since 2009.

It is an open-access performing arts festival: it does not book performers and anyone may participate. The festival programme includes a range of art forms including theatre, dance, music, comedy, visual arts and children's shows.

Venues
Venues across the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames support artists in the festival by transforming their spaces into performance venues. The festival includes over 200 staged events in venues including Rose Theatre, Arthur Cotterell Theatre, Kingston Library, Fairfield Recreation Ground, Eagle Brewery Wharf and The Library club. The venues are close together, enabling audience members to visit multiple performances.

People

Artistic Directors
2016 - Andy Currums

2015 - Trevor Blackman

2009 - 2014 Aniela Zaba

Patrons
Patrons of International Youth Arts Festival include Angellica Bell, Michael Underwood, Tom Holland, Tom Chambers, Sheridan Smith and Matt Lucas.

Chairman and founding Trustee
Robin Hutchinson MBE

Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames
Entertainment in London
Festivals in the United Kingdom
2009 establishments in England

International Youth Arts Festival