John Catnach   (1769–1813) was a Scottish born Geordie printer and publisher of the late 18th and early 19th century.

Early life
  John Catnach   was born in Burntisland, a former Royal burgh in Fife, Scotland in 1769. His father was the possessor of some Powder mills.

He started work as a bound apprentice to his uncle, Sandy Robinson., a printer in Edinburgh, and on completion of his apprenticeship, moved to Berwick-upon-Tweed in the late 1780s where he founded his own printing business, and then moving on to Alnwick a couple of years later, where he continued his print-shop.

The work produced by Catnach's business was of very high quality, and at an early stage employed Thomas Bewick to provide the engraving works. Unfortunately John Catnach himself was not a businessman. He was declared bankrupt in 1801 and a sale of assets took place, the assets including about 1200 books were auctioned at Alnwick Town Hall on 2 March 1802, hence the sale advertised in a hand-bill, a rare copy of which is now in the National Library of Scotland

He managed to re-start in business and in 1807 he took on 2 apprentices, one was his son James, and another was a lad named Mark Smith, (see later); a few months afterwards he entered into partnership with William Davison to form Catnach and Davison. Unfortunately this partnership did not appear to work, as it lasted not more than 2 years, after which it was dissolved.

Family
John Catnach (1769–1813) married in Berwick on Tweed (sometime in the late 1780s) Mary (née Hutchinson), (1766 – 24 Jan 1826) a native of Dundee, Scotland.  John had been raised as a Roman Catholic and his wife as a Presbyterian, but in the baptismal records of St. Michael's Church, Alnwick, she is described as a (religious) Dissenter. .

They had (at least) 9 children, the first three born in Berwick on Tweed and the remainder in Alnwick. They were – John (? Jan 1789 – 27 Aug 1794), Margaret (26 Dec 1790 – ????), James (18 Aug 1792 – 1 Feb 1841), Mary (26 Feb 1794 – ????), Nancy who became known as Anne (2 Sep 1795 – 20 April 1870), Elizabeth (21 Mar 1797 – ????), Isabella (2 Nov 1798 – burned to death c1811), Jane (c1799 – ????), and John H (? Dec 1802 – 5 Mar 1802)

His son James (18 August 1792 – 1 Feb 1841) (popularly known as "Jemmy" later became famous for the street literature publications produced on his press at Seven Dials, London.

Midlife
John Catnach moving his side of the business to Newcastle in 1808, taking a small shop in Newgate Street.

He took on the printing of John Thompson's story, Thompson had been a British seaman who lost a leg and suffered at the Battle of Trafalgar, but just as the book was being bound, he died, leaving John Catnach with the entire stock.

He had always been a little irregular with his habits and the way he ran his business, and now that went from bad to worse. He got into more debt and the business suffered from his increasing lack of interest, until eventually he became a bankrupt and as such ended up in the Debtors' prison. He had managed to send his wife and family to London together with a small wooden printing press, some type etc. and other small items which they had managed to secret away.

Later life
The family moved into lodgings in a court off Drury Lane, where they were joined by John in 1812 on his release, but the accommodation was to prove temporary. Very shortly after, they were evicted and moved firstly to a small shop in Wardour Street, Soho (while living in Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square), followed by another move to Gerard Street, where on 29 August 1813, whilst moving in, he fell down stairs and injured his leg. Although taken immediately to St George's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, he contacted rheumatic fever, and being already in a run-down state, eventually succumbed, dying on 4 December 1813.

Just to add to the tragedy, the funeral itself was postponed due to an accident to the horse due to pull the hearse. The funeral was re-arranged for the following day, but several of the mourners, including Mark Smith, were unable to attend due to other commitments.

Mark Smith
When the two partners, John Catnach and William Davison dissolved the partnership, the indentures on son James Catnach and the lad Mark Smith became void, and they afterwards worked together as "improvers" in their trade with Mr Joseph Graham, a printer from Fenkle Street in Alnwick.
Mark Smith moved away to London and later, on learning that the family had arrived there, went to visit them at their lodgings in a court off Drury Lane. There he helped to set up the press in readiness for John Catnach's freeing from prison. He kept in touch, helped out the family by providing firstly utensils, later paying off the rent arrears and whilst John was in hospital, by working at night-time to finish off the jobs on his books.

Works
These include:

from his time in Alnwick
 A pamphlet to Farmers "A plain and earnest address" was a rallying call to the yeoman farmers of Britain to stand firm against the political tumult unleashed by the French Revolution and Thomas Paine's "Rights of man". The "Farmer" uses extracts from Arthur Young's "Annals of agriculture" to paint a bleak picture if Britain was to embrace French revolutionary ideals" printed c1792-93
 The History of the Devil, Ancient and Modern, in two parts by Daniel Defoe – 304 pages – c1794
 Many attractively illustrated children's books – quite a novelty at the time, including :-
 The Royal Play Book
 Children's Friend.
 A Present for Little Masters and Misses
 The  Death and Burial of Cock Robin
 Many Battledores, teaching aids with a letter or letters of the alphabet
 The Beauties of Natural History, selected from Buffon's History of Quadrupeds – 92 pages – c1795
 The Beauties of Natural History – a later volume – c1805
 Poems by Percival Stockdale – with Thomas Bewick woodcuts – c1806
 Poetical Works of Robert Burns – with Thomas Bewick woodcuts
 The Hermit of Warkworth – A Northumberland Ballad, in three Fits – By Dr. Thomas Percy – Dromore is in County Down, Northern Ireland – c1806

From his time in Newcastle
 The Battle of Chevy Chase – A selection from the works of Dr. Samuel Johnson in two volumes
 "The life of John Thompson, mariner, written by himself: also, his divine selections in prose and verse, from esteemed authors"
 His Divine Selections, in Prose and Verse. From esteemed Authors and embellished with Engravings – c 1810

See also
Geordie dialect words
Thomas Allan
Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings
James Catnach
William Davison

References

External links
The history of the Catnach Press : at Berwick-upon-Tweed, Alnwick and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in Northumberland, and Seven Dials, London (1887)
The life and times of James Catnach, ballad monger – by Charles Hindley }
Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside songs and readings

English music publishers (people)
Music publishing companies of the United Kingdom
People from Burntisland
1769 births
1813 deaths
Northumbrian folklore
Geordie songwriters

John Catnach


The Sulcis-Iglesiente is a historical region of southwestern Sardinia comprising, as the name suggests, the territories of Sulcis and Iglesiente. It is included in the province of South Sardinia.

In the Middle Ages the territory belonged to the Judicate of Cagliari, and in particular to the curatorias of Cixerri, Sulcis and Nora.

The subregion, which also includes the little islands of Sant'Antioco and San Pietro, is mainly known for the mining activities of many minerals in the territory of Iglesias and for that concerning the extraction of coal in the mines of the Sulcis.

The main towns are Iglesias and Carbonia. Both towns were founded to encourage mining activities, the first in 1272 circa and the second in 1938.

External links
 Sulcis Iglesiente

Landforms of Sardinia

Sulcis-Iglesiente


Shin Kyeong-nim (Hangul: 신경림) is a South Korean writer who is known as a "poet of the people"

Life

Shin Kyeong-nim was born on April 6, 1936 in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea. When he was young, Shin Kyong-rim frequented the people of Korea's rural villages and collected the traditional songs they sang. Much of his poetry represents a modernization of things he heard then Shin Kyeong-nim  graduated in English Literature from Dongguk University, from which time he strove to become a creative writer. In 1955 and 1956, he made his formal literary debut with the publication of poems "Day Moon" (Natdal), "Reeds" (Galdae) and "Statue of Stone" (Seoksang). He taught elementary school in his hometown for a period of time, before moving to Seoul to work as an editor for Hyundae munhak and Donghwa Publishers. But his strong desire to create poetry continued.

Work

Shin, widely known as a poet of the people, has literally spent decades writing verse on basically one subject: the life and people of Korean farming villages. Although the focus of his debut works, "Reed" (Galdae) and "Graveside Epitaph" (Myobi) is not restricted to the lives of farmers, the bulk of his remaining poems do treat of that particular topic. The poems of his first collection, Farmer's Dance (Nongmu, 1975), are coherent in their depiction of the actualities of farming life but retain a certain sense of poetic lyricism that lends them a measure of grace.

While Shin's poetry is largely concerned with farmers and farming villages, he makes a great deal of effort to present them in their full historical and social context. And although he does treat of trials and travails of the farmers and village people, the works are usually firmly based in sense of warm and placid emotion. Generally speaking, Shin Gyeongrim's poetry tends to display less of the pent-up anger and violent protest of the workers' poems by other poets, but it doesn't not necessarily follow that Shin's farmer poems hold no significant message. In fact, the farming villages present in most of his poems can easily be understood as symbols for the national community, and, symbols aside, the same grievances that Shin sets forth in his poetry on behalf of his farmers could easily be extended to cover the grievances of the other laboring classes as well, with little to no stretch of the imagination. Always taking the side of the poor and oppressed, Shin displays more of a solemn ideology than a refined artistry, and composes verses reminiscent of folk songs in form and in that they are readily accessible to all readers. Shin actually did borrow some technical elements from traditional Korean folk songs, such as the familiar rhythm of four beats and the patterns of repetition and refrain.

Shin's various poetry collections, such as The Pass (Saejae), A Folksong Travel Diaries (Minyo Gihaeng), The South Han River (Namhangang), and The Path (Gil), further reveal his love of things Korean, and take as their subjects Korean folk songs and places. In particular, the narrative poem "The South Han River" (Namhangang) is an active attempt to observe history with farmers as the protagonists. It is an extensive work that displays an epic scale.

His prizes include the Han Yong-un literature prize, awarded in 1974 for Nongmu (Farmers' dance), the Korean literature writers award in 1981, the Isan literature prize in 1990, and the Ho-Am Prize 2009

Works in translation
 Variations: Three Korean Poets (3인 시선-사랑의 변주곡)
 Farmers' Dance (농무)
 A love song for the earnest (신경림 시선집)
 『ラクダに乗って』申庚林詩選集 (신경림 시선집 '낙타를 타고')
 Le rêve d'un homme abattu (쓰러진 자의 꿈)

Works in Korean (partial)
Poetry Collections
 Let's Cross Over the Moon, (Dal neomse, 1985)
 A Poor Love Song (Gananhan salangnolae, 1988)
 Dreams of the Fallen (Sseurujin Ja-ui kkum, 1993.
Collections of Criticism
 The Truth of Life and the Truth of Poetry, (Salmui Jinsilgwa Sijeok Jinsil, 1983)
 Understanding Our Poetry (Uli siui ihae, 1986).

Awards
 Han Yong-un literature prize (1974 for Nongmu (Farmers' dance))
 Korean Literature Writers Award (1981)
 Isan Literature Prize (1990)
 Ho-Am Prize (2009)

References

1936 births
Korean writers
Living people
Recipients of the Ho-Am Prize in the Arts

Shin Kyeong-nim


The 1921 Far Eastern Championship Games was the fifth edition of the regional multi-sport event, contested between China, Japan and the Philippines, and was held from 30 May to 3 June in Shanghai, Republic of China.  A total of eight sports were contested over the course of the five-day event. India, Malaya, Siam (Thailand), Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Java were all invited to participate at the games, but did not do so due to the expense of sending teams to Shanghai.

In the football competition, China was represented by South China AA, a Hong Kong-based team.

Women were included in the games for the first time. Although no women competed in sports events, around 830 Shanghai schoolgirls did a mass calisthenics demonstration, which included the miming of actions from the sports involved on the main, men-only programme.

The opening ceremony saw cheering of all participants by both Japanese visitors and the Chinese home crowd. The Japanese delegation contained athletes from Taiwan (the former Chinese island then under Japanese rule), but there is no record of any Chinese reaction to this. The closing ceremony was marred by six anarchist protesters from Hunan disrupting the proceedings. The group distributed anti-capitalist material advocating the overthrow of the government and one fired a gun. The group were arrested at the scene.

Participants

  Philippine Island

Sports

References

Far Eastern Championship Games
Far Eastern Championship Games
Far Eastern Championship Games
Far Eastern Championship Games
International sports competitions hosted by China
Multi-sport events in China
1921 in Shanghai
Sports competitions in Shanghai
Far Eastern Championship Games
Far Eastern Championship Games

1921 Far Eastern Championship Games


Death Ship is a 1980 horror film directed by Alvin Rakoff and starring Richard Crenna, George Kennedy, Nick Mancuso, Sally Ann Howes, Kate Reid, Victoria Burgoyne, and Saul Rubinek in an early role. The screenplay by John Robins was based on a story by Jack Hill and David P. Lewis.

A British-Canadian co-production, the film was shot on-location in Dauphin Island, Alabama; Quebec City, Quebec; and the Gulf of Mexico. It was director Rakoff's only horror film, and upon release received mixed-to-negative reviews, but is considered a cult classic.

Plot
Prickly Captain Ashland is leading his cruise ship on his final voyage, attended by his replacement Trevor Marshall, who has brought along his family. In the middle of the night following a routine Caribbean route, their radar detects a mysterious black freighter on a collision course that matches their heading regardless of evasive maneuvers. Despite Ashland's best efforts, the boats collide, sinking the cruise ship and taking with it most of her crew and passengers.

The next day, a handful of survivors — Marshall, his wife Margaret, their children Robin and Ben, a young officer named Nick and his love interest Lori, the ship's comic Jackie, and a passenger, Mrs. Morgan — are adrift on a large piece of wreckage. Ashland surfaces nearby and he is brought aboard, barely conscious. Later, the survivors come upon the black freighter, unaware it is the ship that attacked them. Finding a boarding ladder slung from the stern, they climb aboard, but not before the ladder plunges into the sea as the officers try to climb it with the injured Ashland. When all are finally aboard, Jackie tries to rally the survivors with humor, but a cable seizes him by the ankle, and he is swung outboard by one of the ship's cranes, which lowers him into the water before cutting him loose, to be swept astern and lost.

Shocked, the survivors explore the corridors of the empty, echoing vessel, finding only cobwebs and 1930s memorabilia. Hatches open and close by themselves and lights go on and off while a swinging block knocks out Nick, who is exploring above deck. Meanwhile, a delirious Ashland hears a mysterious, disembodied voice speaking to him in German. The others finally set up in a dusty bunk room, and they separate to retrieve supplies and the injured captain. Mrs. Morgan finds a gramophone and a movie projector that suddenly turn on by themselves. While watching the film (1936's Everything Is Rhythm) and eating a piece of hard candy from one of the ship's cupboards, she begins decomposing and becomes grotesquely deformed. Terrified, she stumbles back to the bunk room, where a possessed Ashland strangles her.

Now awake, and apparently possessed by the ship's dead captain, Ashland dons a Kriegsmarine officer's uniform and announces that he is the captain. Marshall and Nick make a chilling discovery: the ship was once a Nazi prison ship, and the ghosts of its inmates and crew are still aboard. Upon visiting the chart room, they see that the map of the ship's course shows that it just travels round and round the Atlantic in huge circles. They both decide to escape, but are thwarted when the ship's lifeboats lower into the sea by themselves and drift away. Despairing, the survivors try to get some rest but are further taunted by Ashland, who now prowls the ship's passages. While the children stumble upon a radio room which starts playing "Horst-Wessel-Lied", Lori goes into shock when her shower water turns to blood. She is then tossed overboard by Ashland.

Marshall and Nick are attacked by the piercing whine of the ship's electronics as the projector now begins showing old newsreel footage of Adolf Hitler. Nick lunges at Ashland, but instead plunges into a net holding skeletal remains, where Ashland drowns him. Ashland tells Marshall that the ship is possessed by the spirits of its long-dead crew, and hunts other boats in its path, destroying them and luring the survivors on-board to kill them and feed on their blood. Marshall manages to stab a gloating Ashland, apparently killing him and stopping the ship. Searching below, Marshall finds a life raft in a freezer full of the frozen bodies of downed RAF airmen and Soviet sailors, but as the children are jumping overboard, Margaret is captured by a resurrected Ashland and is trapped in a chain locker. Marshall is knocked out by Ashland, but awakens in time to find Margaret, who has escaped from the locker. Captain Ashland attempts to shoot the escaping Marshall family.

Meanwhile, the spirits of the crew detect another cruise liner and begin to give chase, ignoring Ashland, who wants it to run down the Marshalls' raft instead. Trying to re-take control of the ship, Ashland storms into the engine room and shoots at the machinery in vain, but falls into the steering gear and is crushed to death. His screams of agony echo throughout the ship, joining those of its earlier victims. Above, the Marshalls rejoice as the freighter turns and sails away. After drifting for some time, they are spotted by a search helicopter and rescued.

The Death Ship is shown afterward steaming along at full speed. It heads for another passenger ship, and the sounds of the collision are accompanied by the triumphant blasting of its horn.

Cast
 Richard Crenna as Trevor Marshall
 George Kennedy as Captain Ashland
 Nick Mancuso as Nick
 Sally Ann Howes as Margaret Marshall
 Kate Reid as Sylvia Morgan
 Victoria Burgoyne as Lori
 Jennifer McKinney as Robin Marshall
 Danny Higham as Ben Marshall
 Saul Rubinek as Jackie
 Murray Cruchley as Parsons
 Anthony Sherwood as Seaman

Production
Death Ship was shot in Québec; Dauphin Island, Mobile, Alabama; and in the Gulf of Mexico.

Release
Death Ship was released in 250 theatres in Wisconsin, Texas and Florida on March 7, 1980 where it was distributed by Avco Embassy Pictures. It was released in Edmonton, Canada where it was distributed by Astral Films.

Reception

From a contemporary review, Steven Jenkins reviewed the film in the Monthly Film Bulletin, stating that the film had a "promising central idea - an ex-Nazi torture ship prowling the ocean in search of blood - is interred in a particularly pedestrian narrative." The review also critiqued the "arbitrary borrowing from the Psycho showerbath sequence, down to specific shots and camera angles open the way for some overt sadistic voyeurism."

Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 20%, based on , with a rating average of 4.2/10.
TV Guide awarded the film 1 out of a possible 5 stars, calling the film "So ludicrous it's quite funny."
Jeremy Biltz from DVD Talk gave the film a positive review, writing, "Death Ship isn't a perfect film, but it is an enjoyable one, especially for fans of the somewhat lower tier horror efforts of the late seventies and early eighties."

References

External links

1980 films
1980 horror films
British supernatural horror films
Canadian supernatural horror films
Embassy Pictures films
English-language Canadian films
Films about survivors of seafaring accidents or incidents
Films directed by Alvin Rakoff
Films set on ships
Films shot in Alabama
American ghost films
Films about Nazis
Seafaring films
1980s supernatural horror films
Films shot in Quebec
Canadian ghost films
British ghost films
1980s American films
1980s Canadian films
1980s British films

Death Ship (1980 film)


Cemitério Hollywood () é um cemitério próximo a Richmond, Virgínia. É o local de sepultamento de dois presidentes dos Estados Unidos, James Monroe e John Tyler, bem como do único Presidente dos Estados Confederados, Jefferson Davis. É também o local de sepultamento de 28 generais confederados, mais do que qualquer outro cemitério nos Estados Unidos, incluindo George Pickett e J. E. B. Stuart.

História

Sepultamentos

A
Alden Aaroe (1918–1993), broadcast journalist
Carl William Ackerman (1890-1970), American journalist, author and educational administrator, the first dean of the Columbia School of Journalism
Otway Allen (1851-1911), real estate developer, developer of Monument Avenue
Joseph Reid Anderson (1813–1892), American civil engineer, industrialist, soldier
Thomas Coleman Andrews (1899-1983), Commissioner of Internal Revenue, presidential candidate of the Constitution Party in 1956
James Jay Archer (1817–1864), Confederate General, American Civil War
Grace Arents (1848–1926), philanthropist, niece of Lewis Ginter

B
William Barret (1786–1871), American businessman, tobacco manufacturer considered wealthiest man in Richmond
Benjamin Barrett, Artist, poet, writer
Frances Hayne Beall (ca. 1820–?), wife of Lloyd James Beall, daughter of South Carolina Senator Arthur Peronneau Hayne
Lloyd James Beall (1808–1887), American military officer and paymaster of U.S. Army, Colonel Commandant of the Confederate States Marine Corps for the entire length of the War
Edyth Gertrude Carter Beveridge (1862-1927), Journalist, photojournalist
Frederic W. Boatwright (1868–1951), President of the University of Richmond (1895–1946)
Kate Langley Bosher (1865-1932), Author, suffragette
Thomas Alexander Brander (1839-1900), Confederate officer, leader of the United Confederate Veterans
John Fulmer Bright (1877-1953), American politician, physician
William W. Brock Jr. (1912–2003), Brigadier General: World War II, Principal of Richmond's famed Thomas Jefferson High School for 18 years
John M. Brockenbrough (1830–1892), Confederate Army colonel and brigade commander at Gettysburg
Dave Brockie (1963–2014) Musician, painter, author, and actor. Brockie portrayed Oderus Urungus, the lead singer of the Metal band Gwar
Benjamin Thomas Brockman (1831-1864), Merchant and Confederate officer
Charles Bruce (1826-1896), American businessman, builder of Staunton Hill, father of Charles Morelle Bruce and United States Senator William Cabell Bruce

C
 James Branch Cabell (1879–1958), American fantasy fiction novelist.
 James E. Cannon (1873–1942), Virginia state senator (1914–1923).
 John Samuels Caskie (1821–1869), U.S. Congressman (1851–1859).
 Ralph T. Catterall (1897–1978), judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission (1949–1973).
 Robert H. Chilton (1815–1879), US Army Officer, Confederate General, American Civil War.
 Philip St. George Cocke (1809–1861), Confederate General, American Civil War
 Raleigh Edward Colston (1825–1896), Confederate Civil War general and VMI professor.
 Asbury Christian Compton (1929–2006), Justice, Supreme Court of Virginia (1974–2000).
 John Rogers Cooke (1833–1891), Confederate General, American Civil War.
 Edward Cooper (1873–1928), U.S. Congressman (1915–1919).
 Jabez Lamar Monroe Curry (1825–1903), U.S. and Confederate Congressman, Civil War veteran, and President of Howard College in Alabama and Richmond College in Virginia. His statue is in Statuary Hall in the U.S. Capitol.

D

Virginius Dabney (1901–1995) Author, Journalist, Editor of The Richmond Times Dispatch from 1936 to 1969, Pulitzer Prize winner.
Peter V. Daniel (1784–1860), U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice
Robert Williams Daniel (1884–1940), Virginia State Senator and RMS Titanic survivor.  Father of Robert Daniel.
Robert Daniel (1936–2012), U.S. Representative from Virginia.  Son of Robert Williams Daniel.
Jefferson Davis (1808–1889), President of the Confederate States of America
Varina Anne "Winnie" Davis (1864-1898), Author, daughter of Jefferson Davis
Varina Howell Davis, (1826–1906), American author best known as First Lady of the CSA, wife of Jefferson Davis
Stephen Potter De Mallie (1923–2008) U.S Navy officer, noted researcher and American textile author.

E
Tazewell Ellett (1856–1914), U.S. Representative from Virginia
Joseph Black Elliott, Sr. (1904–1988), Executive Vice-President/Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in charge of Consumer Product Division
James Taylor Ellyson (1847–1919), Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (1906–1918)

F
Douglas Southall Freeman (1886–1953), was an American journalist and historian. He was the author of definitive biographies of George Washington and Confederate General Robert E. Lee. There is also a local high school that bears his name.

G

Richard B. Garnett (1817–1863), U.S. Army officer and Confederate general killed during Battle of Gettysburg
Julian Vaughan Gary (1892–1973), Member United States Congress (1945–1965)
Robert Atkinson Gibson (d. 1919), Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia (1902–1919).
Lewis Ginter (1824–1897), American tobacco executive, philanthropist
Ellen Glasgow (1873–1945), Pulitzer Prize winning American novelist
James M. Glavé (1933–2005), Architect, Architectural Preservationist, Father of Architectural Adaptive-Reuse Movement.
Thomas Christian Gordon, Jr. (1915–2003), Justice, Supreme Court of Virginia (1965–1972)
Maria Hester (Monroe) Gouverneur (1804-1850), Daughter of President James Monroe
 Peachy Ridgway Grattan (1801–1881), lawyer and law reporter.
 William Green (1806–1880), lawyer and legal scholar.
 Charles Philip Gruchy (died 1921), Private, 3rd Battalion, Canadian Infantry – only British Commonwealth war grave in the cemetery.
Walter Gwynn (1802-1882), Confederate Brigadier General

H

James Dandridge Halyburton (1803–1879), U.S. and Confederate judge, Eastern District of Virginia (1843–1865)
David Bullock Harris (1814-1864), Confederate Colonel
John Harvie (1742–1807), American lawyer and builder, delegate to the Continental Congress, Signer of The Articles of Confederation
 William Wirt Henry (1831–1900), lawyer, member of the General Assembly of Va., president of the Am. Historical Association (1890–1891)
 Louis Shepard Herrink (1892–1965), lawyer and law teacher
Henry Heth (1825–1899), U.S. Army officer and Confederate general, participated at the Battle of Gettysburg
Ambrose Powell Hill, Jr. (1825-1865), Confederate General
Eppa Hunton (1822–1908), U.S. Representative and Senator, Confederate brigadier general

I
John D. Imboden (1823–1895), lawyer, teacher, Virginia legislator, Confederate cavalry general and partisan fighter

J
Edward Johnson (1816–1873), U.S. Army officer and Confederate general, American Civil War.
Mary Johnston (1870–1936), American novelist and women's rights advocate.
David Rumph Jones (1825–1863), U.S Army officer and Confederate General, American Civil War.
Samuel Jones (1819–1887), U.S. Army, Confederate General, American Civil War.

K
 Wythe Leigh Kinsolving (1878–1964), Episcopal priest, writer, poet, political advocate.

L
 John Lamb (1840–1924), U.S. Congressman (1897–1913).
Fitzhugh Lee (1835–1905), Confederate cavalry general, Governor of Virginia, diplomat, U.S. Army general in Spanish–American War and the nephew of General Robert E. Lee.
Thomas M. Logan (1840-1914), Confederate General
James Lyons (1801-1882), American politician, Confederate congressman

M

 Hunter McGuire (1835–1900), Confederate Army surgeon who amputated General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's arm after Jackson was mistakenly shot by Confederate soldiers at Chancellorsville . (Despite McGuire's efforts, Jackson later died of pneumonia.) After the war, McGuire founded the Virginia College of Medicine, and was president of the American Medical Association.
 Angus William McDonald (1799–1864), American military officer and lawyer in the U.S. state of Virginia and colonel in the Confederate States Army
 Walter Scott McNeill (1875–1930), law teacher.
David Gregg McIntosh (1836-1916), Lawyer, Confederate officer
 John Marshall (1823–1862), editor of the Jackson Mississippian and Austin Star-Gazette. Appointed a Colonel in the Texas Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, he was killed in action at the Battle of Gaines Mill.
 John Young Mason (1799–1859), U.S. Secretary of the Navy (1844–1845, 1846–1849), U.S. Attorney General (1845–1846).
 Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806–1873), World Renown American oceanographer, scientist, author, and educator. First superintendent of the U.S. Navy Observatory.
 William Mayo (ca. 1685–1744), Colonial civil engineer
 David J. Mays (1896–1971) author and lawyer
Robert Merhige (1919-2005), Federal judge
John Lucas Miller (1831-1864), Attorney, Confederate colonel
 Polk Miller (1844–1913), American pharmacist and musician.
 Willis Dance Miller (1893–1960), Justice, Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals (1947–1960).
 John K. Mitchell,(1811–1889), Confederate Navy commodore during the American Civil War, see
 Samuel Phillips Mitchell (1815-1866), merchant and silversmith, Mitchell & Tyler Silver Company, supplier of Confederate Army, younger brother of William Mitchell, Jr.
 William Mitchell, Jr. (1795-1852), one of the original purchasers of land for Hollywood Cemetery, merchant and silversmith, Taft & Mitchell before establishing his own silversmith business that he grew to be largest in Virginia and eventually became Mitchell & Tyler.
 James Monroe (1758–1831), fifth President of the United States
 Elizabeth Kortright Monroe (1768–1830), U.S. First Lady, wife of James Monroe
 Richard Channing Moore (1762–1841), Second Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia (1814–1841)
Samuel P. Moore (1813-1889), Confederate Surgeon General
 Eileen Bridget McCarthy Mott (1950–2013) Active in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond.
 Mary-Cooke Branch Munford (1865–1938), civic leader.

O

 Charles Triplett O'Ferrall (1840–1905), Governor of Virginia (1894–1898)
Robert Ould (1820-1882), Attorney, Confederate official

P

 Emma Gilham Page (1855–1933), American wife of William Nelson Page
 Mann Page (1835–1904) Grand Master of Masons of Virginia 1894, American Civil War soldier, Co. F. 21st Virginia Infantry
 William Nelson Page (1854–1932), American civil engineer, railway industrialist, co-founder of the Virginian Railway
William Henry Palmer (1835-1926), Confederate officer
Sallie Partington (1834-1907), Actress
 John Pegram (1832–1865), U.S. Army officer, Confederate Army brigadier general
 William Ransom Johnson Pegram (1841–1865), U.S. Army officer, Confederate Army colonel
 Parke D. Pendleton (1932–2010), Entertainer, Renowned expert on Richmond society, Accountant
 George Pickett (1825–1875), U.S. Army officer, Confederate Army general, participated in Battle of Gettysburg
 LaSalle Corbell Pickett (1843–1931), author, wife of George Pickett
 William Swan Plumer (1802–1880), Presbyterian clergyman, educator and author
 Frederick Gresham Pollard (1918–2003), Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1966 to 1970
 John Garland Pollard (1871–1937), Governor of Virginia from 1930 to 1934
 Robert Nelson Pollard (1880–1954), Judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia from 1936 to 1954.
 William Wortham Pool (1842–1922), American bookkeeper. His burial tomb became associated with the Richmond Vampire
 John Powell (1882–1963), Composer, ethnomusicologist and segregationist
 Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. (1907–1998), U.S. Supreme Court justice

R
 John Randolph (1773–1833), American politician, leader in Congress from Virginia
 William Francis Rhea (1858–1931), Virginia lawyer, judge, and U.S. Congressman
 Dr. William Rickman (1731–1783), Director of hospitals for the Continental Army of Virginia. Devoted husband to the daughter of President Benjamin Harrison, Miss Elizabeth Harrison.
 Conway Robinson (1805–1884), lawyer and legal scholar.
Hilton Rufty (1909–1974), pianist, composer, teacher
Edward H. Russell (1869-1956), first President of Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington)

S

Dave Edward Satterfield, Jr. (1894–1946), U.S. congressman 1937–1946.
Conrad Frederick Sauer (1866–1927), founder of the C. F. Sauer Company
James Benjamin Sclater Jr. (1847–1882), One of the founders of the Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity
Mary Wingfield Scott (1895–1983), historic preservationist.
James Alexander Seddon (1815–1880), U.S. congressman (1845–1851); Confederate Secretary of War.
William Alexander Smith (1828–1888), U.S. congressman from North Carolina (1873–1875).
William "Extra Billy" Smith (1797–1887), two-time governor of Virginia, Confederate general
Harold Fleming Snead (1903–1987), Justice, Supreme Court of Virginia (1957–1974)
William E. Starke (1814–1862), Confederate general killed at the Battle of Antietam
Walter Husted Stevens (1827–1867), U.S. Army lieutenant, C.S.A general.
Isaac M. St. John (1827–1880), Confederate General, American Civil War.
J. E. B. Stuart (1833–1864), American soldier, Confederate Army general
Claude Augustus Swanson (1862–1939), Governor of Virginia (1906–1910), U.S. Secretary of the Navy (1933–1939)

T

John Banister Tabb (1845–1909), poet and priest.
William Elam Tanner (1836 - 1898), businessman.
William R. Terry (1827–1897), C.S.A general, American Civil War.
 John Randolph Tucker (1879–1954), lawyer and civic leader.
Edna Henry Lee Turpin (1867–1952), author.
David Gardiner Tyler (1846–1927), American Democratic politician, U.S. congressmanand the fourth son of John Tyler, the tenth President of the United States.
John Tyler (1790–1862), tenth President of the United States, a delegate to the Provisional Confederate Congress in 1861, and elected to the House of Representatives of the Confederate Congress.
Julia Gardiner Tyler (1820–1889), U.S. First Lady, wife of John Tyler.
Lyon Gardiner Tyler (1853–1935), historian, president of the College of William and Mary and the seventh son of President John Tyler.

V
Edward Valentine (1838–1930), American sculptor

W

 Edmund Waddill, Jr. (1855–1931), U.S. Congressman (1889–1891); U.S. judge Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals (1921–1931).
 Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827–1890), Confederate Army general.
 Alexander Wilbourne Weddell (1876–1948), U.S. Ambassador to Argentina (1933–1939) and Spain (1939–1942).
 Beverly R. Wellford (1797–1870), Sixth President of the American Medical Association.
 Louis O. Wendenburg (1861–1934), Member of the Senate of Virginia (1912–1920).
 John Baker White (1794–1862), American military officer, lawyer, civil servant, and Clerk of Court for Hampshire County, Virginia (1815–1861).
 Francis McNeece Whittle (1823–1902), Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia (1876–1902).
 John A. Wilcox (1819–1864), U.S. congressman (1851–1853); Confederate congressman.
 Channing Moore Williams (1829–1910), Missionary Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of China and Japan.
 Richard Leroy Williams (1923–2011), U.S. district court judge Eastern District of Virginia (1980–2011).
 George Douglas Wise (1831–1908), U.S. congressman (1881–1895).
 Henry A. Wise (1806–1876), Governor of Virginia, Confederate Army general.
 John Sergeant Wise (1846–1913), U.S. congressman (1883–1885).
 Richard Alsop Wise (1843–1900), U.S. congressman (1897–1901).
 Serge Wolkonsky  (1860-1937), Influential Russian Theatrical Worker, son of  Mikhail Sergeevich.

Y
Thomas Yates

Galeria

Ligações externas
Hollywood Cemetery Official Website
Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
Early 20th Century Views of Hollywood Cemetery, Rarely Seen Richmond Postcard Collection, VCU Libraries.
James Monroe Tomb, Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Independent City, VA: 6 photos, 1 color transparency, 6 data pages, and 1 photo caption page at Historic American Buildings Survey
List of Confederate Hospitals in Richmond, VA, during the Civil War

Cemitérios da Virgínia
Richmond (Virgínia)

Cemitério Hollywood


The Bridget Shea Three-Decker is a historic triple decker house in Worcester, Massachusetts.  Built c. 1888, the house was described as a well-preserved Queen Anne structure when it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.  It has since lost many of its period details (see photo).

Description and history
The Bridget Shea Three-Decker is located in Worcester's southeastern Oak Hill neighborhood, at the northwest corner of Jefferson and Fox Streets.  It is a three-story wood frame structure, covered by a hip roof and finished modern siding.  The main facade is asymmetrical, with a projecting rectangular bay on the right side and the main entrance on the left.  The entrance is sheltered by an enclosed vestibule with a shed roof.  The right side bay houses two windows on the front face and single windows on the sides.  The second and third floors of the bay are separated by a flared skirt.

The house was built about 1888, during the early phase of development in the Oak Hill area.  Many of its period details, including corner braces and cut shingle sheathing, have been lost or obscured by subsequent siding work (see photo).  The early owners and tenants of the house were mainly Irish immigrants, who moved to this part of Worcester in large numbers in the late 19th century.  The Shea family, who were its first documented owners, included two machinists; other early residents included a weaver, watchman, and clerk.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in eastern Worcester, Massachusetts

References

Apartment buildings in Worcester, Massachusetts
Queen Anne architecture in Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1888
Triple-decker apartment houses
National Register of Historic Places in Worcester, Massachusetts
Apartment buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts

Bridget Shea Three-Decker


Cines del Sur is an international film festival in Granada, Spain, that focuses on emerging cinemas belonging to what is known as the geo-political south. Film productions (from Asia, Africa and Latin America) which often have limited distribution and screening opportunities find in Cines del Sur a platform to help them gain recognition.
Beyond its appearance as a showcase of films, Cines del Sur is also a place for encounters, discussion and sharing among professionals, film lovers and people interested in broadening their social, cultural, economic and political perspective of the globalized world. The festival encourages reflection and debate on the enormous value of diversity and cultural exchange.

Programming

Sections
Cines del Sur has two competitive sections: the  Official Section, for feature-length works filmed in 35 mm, and the Mediterráneos Section, with awards given to films made in video.
The Itineraries Section (an informative section) is a sample of productions from countries of the geopolitical south.

The Festival brings together an international jury each year to choose the winning films.

Retrospectives
The festival offers two retrospectives that can have different focal points, ranging from tributes to particular filmmakers to film series organised by subject matter, and even retrospectives that take an in-depth look at filmmakers who are still active, at a certain historical period or at a country with limited production.

Open screen
While the festival takes place, several squares and public buildings in Granada become large outdoor cinemas, where a diverse audience joins to enjoy the films.

Parallel activities
A number of events with scholars in the field are organised during the festival and throughout the year, as are film and video workshops, exhibits, seminars, round tables and outdoor screenings.

Publications
Study and reflection on the cinemas of the south find their place in the Festival's publications, which serve to inform readers about the films screened and the subjects and figures who receive tribute in the retrospectives.

External links
Web oficial Cines del Sur
Web oficial Cines del Sur en Imágenes
Cines del Sur en Youtube

Film festivals in Andalusia
Granada

Cines del Sur


Uranometria is a star atlas produced by Johann Bayer. It was published in Augsburg in 1603 by Christoph Mang (Christophorus Mangus) under the full title Uranometria: omnium asterismorum continens schemata, nova methodo delineata, aereis laminis expressa. This translates to "Uranometria, containing charts of all the constellations, drawn by a new method and engraved on copper plates". The word "Uranometria" derives from Urania, muse of the heavens and "uranos" (oυρανός) the Greek word for sky / heavens. A literal translation of "Uranometria" is "Measuring the Heavens" (to be compared with "Geometry"—"Geometria" in Greek, literally translated to "Measuring the Earth").

It was the first atlas to cover the entire celestial sphere.

Charts
Uranometria contained 51 star charts, engraved on copper plates by Alexander Mair ( 1562–1617). The first 48 charts illustrate each of the 48 Ptolemaic constellations. The 49th chart introduces 12 new constellations in the deep southern sky, which was unknown to Ptolemy. The final two charts are planispheres labeled "Synopsis coeli superioris borea" and "Synopsis coeli inferioris austrina", or (roughly), "Overview of the northern celestial hemisphere" and "Overview of the southern celestial hemisphere".

Each plate includes a grid for accurately determining the position of each star to fractions of a degree. The positions used by Bayer to create the Uranometria were taken from the expanded 1,005-star catalog of Tycho Brahe. Brahe's expanded list had circulated in manuscript since 1598 and was available in graphic form on the celestial globes of Petrus Plancius, Hondius, and Willem Blaeu. It was first published in tabular form in Johannes Kepler's Rudolphine Tables of 1627.

Uranometria introduced the convention of labelling stars by Greek and Latin letters, known as Bayer designations, a system still in use today.

The use of Brahe's catalog allowed for considerably better accuracy than Ptolemy's somewhat limited star listing. The stars listed in Uranometria total over 1,200, indicating that Brahe's catalog was not the only source of information used. Bayer took the southern star positions and constellation names for the 49th plate from the catalog of Dutch navigator Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser, who corrected the older observations of Amerigo Vespucci and Andrea Corsali, as well as the report of Pedro de Medina. Uranometria contains many more stars than did any previous star atlas, though the exact number is disputed as not all stars on the charts are labeled.

The stars of each constellation are shown overlain on an engraved image of the subject of the constellation. Convention imagined the human figures facing the Earth, so that previous celestial maps, oriented as though the viewer were looking down upon the celestial sphere from the outside, showed the figures from behind. For many of the human figures, Mair retained this convention of illustrating the figure from behind—but Bayer's projection showed stars as seen from the Earth looking up. Thus, the orientation appears in mirror reflection from Ptolemy's description, leading to some confusion in the literal meanings of certain star names: names referring to the "right shoulder" and the like are incorrect from the perspective of some of Uranometria illustrations.

Star catalogue
In the first edition of Uranometria a table of stars was printed on the back of each plate. This made it difficult to consult the table while looking at the chart. Worse still, the lettering of the table showed through the page and spoiled the chart. All later editions of the Uranometria omitted the tables, which were instead printed in a separate catalogue called Explicatio characterum aeneis Uranometrias. This separate catalogue was marred by numerous typographical errors which became worse with subsequent editions.

Title page engraving

The engraved title page of Uranometria is signed in the shadows of the central scroll at the bottom with the monogram AMF, for "Alexander Mair fecit", and the date MDCIII. It features an architectural motif with the full title in the center. On pedestals to either side stand figures of Atlas and Hercules. Inscriptions in the pedestals read, "Atlanti uetustiss astronom magistro" ("Atlas the earliest teacher of astronomy") and "Herculi uetustiss astronom discipulo" ("Hercules the earliest student of astronomy"). Across the top of the title page are engraved several additional figures. In the upper left is Apollo, personifying the sun. Top center is the Earth goddess Cybele with a crown of stars and two lions on leashes. Upper right is Diana, personifying the Moon, with a cape of stars. Under Apollo is inscribed "ΟΥΔΕΙΣ ΕΙΣΙΤΩ" (Oudis isíto) and under Diana is inscribed "ΑΓΕΟΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΣ" (ageométritos). "Ουδεις αγεωμέτρητος εισίτω" (Oudis ageométritos isíto) i.e. "Let no one ignorant of geometry enter" was supposedly inscribed at the entrance to Plato's Academy. Beneath the title banner is a figure of Capricorn and beneath that a view of Augsburg.

See also
 Bayer objects
 Celestial cartography
 Star catalogue
 , ceiling mural created from Uranometria drawings

References

External links

 Uranometria, 1603 – Full digital facsimile, ETH-Bibliothek Zürich.
 U. S. Naval Observatory (USNO): Historical Artwork Collection (High-resolution images of some plates of 1661 ed.)

1603 in science
1603 books
Classical star atlases

Uranometria


Bryan M. Cantrill (born 1973) is an American software engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems and later at Oracle Corporation following its acquisition of Sun. He left Oracle on July 25, 2010, to become the Vice President of Engineering at Joyent, transitioning to Chief Technology Officer at Joyent in April 2014, until his departure on July 31 of 2019. He is now the CTO of Oxide Computer company.

Professional life
Cantrill was born in Vermont, later moving to Colorado, where he attained the rank of Eagle Scout. He studied computer science at Brown University, spending two summers at QNX Software Systems doing kernel development. Upon completing his B.Sc. in 1996, he immediately joined Sun Microsystems to work with Jeff Bonwick in the Solaris Performance Group.

In 2005 Bryan Cantrill was named one of the 35 Top Young Innovators by Technology Review, MIT's magazine. Cantrill was included in the TR35 list for his development of DTrace, a function of the OS Solaris 10 that provides a non-invasive means for real-time tracing and diagnosis of software. Sun technologies and technologists, including DTrace and Cantrill, also received an InfoWorld Innovators Award that year. In 2006, "The DTrace trouble-shooting software from Sun was chosen as the Gold winner in The Wall Street Journal's 2006 Technology Innovation Awards contest." In 2008, Cantrill, Mike Shapiro and Adam Leventhal were recognized with the USENIX Software Tools User Group (STUG) award for "the provision of a significant enabling technology."

Together with Shapiro and Leventhal, Cantrill founded Fishworks, a stealth project within Sun Microsystems which produced the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems.

He left Oracle on July 25, 2010, to become the Vice President of Engineering at Joyent. He announced his transition to being Chief Technology Officer at Joyent in April 2014, and held that position until announcing his departure as of July 31 of 2019. He is now the CTO of Oxide Computer company.

He was a member of the ACM Queue Editorial Board.

Controversies and opinions
During an online technical discussion of Solaris with Linux kernel developer David S. Miller in 1996, Cantrill responded to Miller's lengthy comment with a one-line reply, "Have you ever kissed a girl?"  In 2015, during a discussion concerning Ben Noordhuis's departure from the Node.js project, Cantrill said that the 1996 comment continues to be cited, decades later, and wrote about his regrets in sending the response, which he called "stupid".

After Cantrill left Oracle in 2010 he compared the company's behavior to the Nazis'.

Cantrill announced at FISL 2012 his strong preference for permissive open source software licenses over copyleft licenses by calling the copyleft GPL license family "anti-collaborative" and "viral."

Articles

References

External links

Living people
Open source people
American computer scientists
American computer programmers
Solaris people
Brown University alumni
1974 births
Sun Microsystems people
American chief technology officers
American software engineers

Bryan Cantrill


ʻUtulau is a village on the western district of Tongatapu, Tonga. It is one of the estates of Crown Prince Tupoutoʻa, the heir to the Tongan throne. The traditional chief of the village is Tau'atevalu. Tupouto'a has several talking chiefs from 'Utulau namely To'amalekini, Manukainiu as well as a few others.

Location
In the western district of the island of Tongatapu, Kingdom of Tonga.  It is next to the village of Haʻalalo.

Village Nicknames (Hingoa Fakatenetene)
Alafolau Heavula

The name Alafolau Heavula is one of the nickname of the village. The heavula was a kind of tree that lined up the sides of one of the road in the village. These trees grew and somehow formed an archway (alafolau), like a guard of honour, along the road all the way to the Houma 'Utulau.

Toa Fakaʻamu

Story goes that a church minister went to Kolovai one Sunday to attend a sermon there, and he was fascinated with the toa trees lining up the road. He wished that it would be great to have such trees back at ʻUtulau.

After the sermon, he went back on his horse and chariot, only to find a toa tree where the Vaolongolongo cemetery is now located.

That's how the name Toa Fakaʻamu is said to have originated.

Landmarks (Mātanga)
Vai ko Pāʻehe

Vai ko Pāʻehe was a pool, although it has disappeared over the years.

It was said that the ʻUtulau spirits always gathered to the pool at midnight every night and enjoyed the coolness of the pool. It was said that you could hear them laughing and singing, especially if you lived near the pool.

Churches
There are 4 main churches in ʻUtulau;

 Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga
 Free Church of Tonga
 Catholic Church
 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Photos

References
Tonga Visitors Bureau
Ministry of Tourism, Tonga.

Populated places in Tonga
Tongatapu

ʻUtulau


Edward William Formanek (born May 6, 1942) is an American mathematician and chess player. He is a professor emeritus of mathematics at Pennsylvania State University, and a FIDE International Master in chess.

Mathematical career
Formanek earned his Ph.D. in 1970 from Rice University, under the supervision of Stephen M. Gersten. He joined the Penn State faculty in 1978, and retired in 2009.

In 1972, Formanek was one of two mathematicians to independently discover the central polynomials, which have applications to polynomial identity rings. With Vesselin Drensky, Formanek is the author of the book Polynomial Identity Rings (Birkhäuser, 2004).

In 2012, he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society.

Chess career
Formanek became a FIDE International Master in 1977.

He has won the Pennsylvania State Championship five times, in 1984, 1993, 1997, 1998, and 2004. However, his most famous result from this series may be in 1988, when he led the tournament going into the last round but was defeated by computer program HiTech, becoming the first IM to lose a game to a computer. Later the same year HiTech would also defeat grandmaster Arnold Denker.

References

1942 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
American chess players
Chess International Masters
Rice University alumni
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society

Edward W. Formanek


Adolf Pfister (born at Hechingen in Hohenzollern, 26 September 1810; died at Ober-Dischingen in Württemberg, 29 April 1878) was a German Roman Catholic priest and educator.

Life

He was educated at the Latin school at Hechingen, at the Lyceum of Rastatt, and later at Sasbach. He then studied theology at the Grand Seminary of Strasburg, and was ordained to the priesthood, 25 May 1833, at Freiburg.

After serving for five months as curate at Sasbach, and for a year as assistant at Freiburg Cathedral, he returned to Hohenzollern, and, from 1835 to 1838, was curate at Steinhofen near Hechingen. In 1838 he obtained civic rights in Württemberg, and as a priest of the Diocese of Rottenburg, he was pastor first in Dotternhausen; 31 January 1839, at ; 11 May 1841, at Rißtissen; from 1851 also school inspector in Ehingen.

On 12 August 1867, the Catholic theological faculty of the University of Tübingen granted him the degree of Doctor of Theology. In May, 1877, he retired to Ober-Dischingen.

Works

In 1857 he founded the "Rottenburger Kirchenblatt", which he published for three years. From 1860 he edited the "Katholisches Schulwochenblatt" Spaichingen), which, together with Hermann Rolfus, he continued as "Süddeutsches katholisches Schulwochenblatt" (1861–67), and with J. Haug and Fr. J. Knecht as "Magazin für Pädagogik" (1868–72).

His major work was the editing with Rolfus of the "Real-Encyclopädie des Erziehungs- und Unterrichtswesens nach katholischen Principien" (4 vols., Mainz, 1863–66; 2nd ed., 1872–1874; a 5th vol., "Ergänzungsband", was published by Rolfus alone in 1884 after Pfister's death). Among Pfister's other writings were:

"Unterricht uber das Werk der Glaubensverbreitung" (Freiburg, 1850);
a German translation of Thomas à Kempis, "Vier Bücher von der Nachfolge Christi" (Freiburg, 1860; 4th ed., 1873) and "Kinderlegende" (Freiburg, 1863);

He also compiled several prayer-books.

References

Attribution
 The entry cites:
ROLFUS AND PFISTER, Real-Encyclopädie des Erziehungs- und Unterrichtswesens, Ergänzungsband (Mainz, 1884), 265-7;
KEHREIN, Biographisch-literarisches Lexicon der katholischen deutschen Dichter, Volks-und Jugendschriftseller im 19. Jahrhundert, II (Würzburg, 1871), 9;
NEHER, Personal-Katalog der Geistlichen des Bisthums Rottenburg (3rd ed., Schwäbisch Gmünd, 1894), 54.

1810 births
1878 deaths
People from Zollernalbkreis
19th-century German Roman Catholic priests
German academic administrators

Adolf Pfister


The Greek Orthodox Church of Transfiguration in Ramallah was inaugurated in 1852. The Basilica is of Byzantine style. The church contains sacred utensils and old icons, some of which date back to 1830 and were transferred  to the church after the destruction of small churches in Ramallah as a result of persecution and several wars.

In the convent of transfiguration exists the spiritual leadership of all Ramallah district. The leader of the convent is the patriarchate representative, since the orthodox congregation is under the leadership of the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, which assigns its local spiritual leader, the  priests, and the committee of trustees of the church. The people who pray in this church are mainly the residents of Ramallah and the surrounding villages.

External links
Official site

Eastern Orthodox church buildings in the State of Palestine
Churches in Ramallah

Church of Transfiguration, Ramallah


Ashley Titus (28 December 1970 – 28 November 2007), better known as Mr Fat, was a South African rapper, musician and television presenter.

Titus was born in Bonteheuwel, Cape Flats, South Africa. He started making hip hop in the 1980s, as well as hosting a hip hop show on Bush Radio. In the 1990s he rapped for Cape Flats-based hip hop group Brasse vannie kaap, who won an audience that crossed both musical and racial boundaries, attracting hip hop and rock fans of various ethnic backgrounds; they were also noted for their prominent use of the Afrikaans language in their music. With BVK, he also became known for his strong community involvement, musical focus on Cape Flats issues, and attempts to reach out to youth imprisoned in local jails.

In the early to mid-2000s, Titus present a magazine show simply named Hip Hop for the MK89 music channel. This focussed on the South African hip hop scene while also playing videos by international artists.

Death
Titus was hospitalized in October 2007 with a heart complaint brought on by his weight, but was discharged after two weeks. The following month, he was rushed back into hospital with a recurrence of the illness, but died on the morning of 28 November at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. He was survived by his mother and grandmother. His funeral took place on 3 December at the Methodist church in Bonteheuwel.

References

1970 births
2007 deaths
South African rappers
South African television presenters

Ashley Titus


"The Two and a Half Feathers" is the eighth episode of the fourth series of the British comedy series Dad's Army. It was originally transmitted on Friday 13 November 1970.

Synopsis
New platoon member George Clarke reveals that he served with Jones in the Sudan and questions the Lance Corporal's service record.

Plot
It is lunchtime in Walmington-on-Sea. Mainwaring, Wilson and Pike are in the British Restaurant, ordering their lunch. Wilson orders toad in the hole, and Mainwaring and Pike order the fish and potato pie, but when they find out that the fish is snoek, they soon change their minds. Walker enters and gives the dinner ladies knicker elastic in exchange for a steak.

As they sit, Jones enters in his old Sudanese uniform, and informs Mainwaring that he is off to the 42nd annual reunion for the veterans of the Battle of Omdurman. He gives Mainwaring and Wilson a gory account of the battle, spreading mothballs everywhere and putting Wilson and Mainwaring off their food. Mainwaring is even further put off when he eats one of the mothballs, which landed in Walker's pickle pot.

That evening, Frazer brings in a new recruit for the platoon, George Clarke, who is very loyal and trustworthy, as he stood Frazer several pints in the bar at The Anchor the previous Thursday. Clarke tells Mainwaring that he joined the army in 1897 and, like Jones, served at the Battle of Omdurman. Wilson and Mainwaring are shocked at the coincidence, especially when Clarke mentions that he was in the Warwickshire Regiment alongside Jones and gives an accurate description of Jones. Mainwaring decides to wait until tomorrow to see if it is the same man.

Jones arrives, tired, the next evening, and Frazer, Pike and Walker follow him into the office, where Godfrey is fitting Clarke with his uniform. Clarke immediately recognises Jones and seems very civil until his tone of voice turns hostile. Mainwaring quickly organises the parade, and Frazer announces his suspicions about their relationship.

Later, Frazer rings someone on the telephone and tells them that after a couple of pints, Clarke told him that he and Jones were captured by the "Fuzzy Wuzzies". He then told Frazer that Jones managed to escape and left Clarke to die. The rumour soon spreads, and Walker is torn between his friendship with Frazer and his friendship with Jones.

Jones, meanwhile, receives malicious letters that contain two and a half white feathers, and saying that he should not have left Clarke in the desert, and that Walmington-on-Sea is "no place for a coward". Jones has had enough and leaves on a mysterious errand. As he leaves, he says to himself "I've got to do something I should have done a long time ago. I've got to do it, it's the only way."

At the next parade, Mainwaring is determined to get to the bottom of the incident. Clarke tells Mainwaring that they were captured and Jones begged for mercy, and after he allegedly left Clarke in the desert, a native rescued him. Clarke remarks the native must have saved his life, even if he did pinch his wallet. Jones creeps into the office and tells the true story of what happened (this is shown as a flashback to Sudan in 1898 where the Dad's Army characters play similar characters in Jones's story).

Jones explains that a few days before the Battle of Omdurman, he and Clarke were part of a patrol sent out by General Kitchener to find out the strength of the Mahdi's army. It was led by Colonel Smythe (Wilson), with a young raw second Lieutenant called Franklin (Pike), who was the Colonel's nephew. There was also Sergeant Ironside (Mainwaring), "a nasty, coarse fellow who kept giving us the rough side of his tongue", and a young merry joking Cockney, Private Green (Walker).

As they travelled through the desert, they met an old fakir (Godfrey), who warned them that when the sun sets, they would all be dead. When Ironside gave him "a mouthful of coarse abuse", the fakir was outraged and said something to them in Arabic. Jones did not understand it at the time, but later he learned "it was a curse upon us all".

Suddenly, a fusillade of shots rang out, and the patrol were quick to respond. They took cover behind a large rocky hill and an enemy cavalry charge began. When Franklin was injured after falling off his horse, Smythe suggested that two men should go for help. Jones volunteered, and Smythe told him to take Private Clarke with him. By morning, their water bottles were empty. They stopped for a rest and were captured by two Dervishes (Frazer and Hodges). Jones was about to attack when Clarke begged for mercy. They pegged him out in the desert and took Jones with them.

When the Dervishes stopped and began to cook a meal, they had an argument and started fighting between each other, giving Jones the chance to free himself. One of the Dervishes ran off, and the other (Hodges) was scared by a burning branch that Jones thrust in his face, and the Dervish begged him, in Arabic, to "put that light out" (which is Hodges' catchphrase in real life). Jones put on his robes and took his horse. By the time he returned, Clarke was unconscious from the heat and thirst. Carrying him on his horse, they met up with a large relief column.

Returning to the present, Jones says that Clarke was sent to a military hospital and he never saw him again. Mainwaring is puzzled as to why Jones did not tell them the truth before. Jones reveals that when he returned to Clarke, he thought he was dead. Whilst searching through Clarke's wallet to send home among his personal effects, Jones found a photograph of the Colonel's wife, meaning that Clarke and she had been having an affair. Jones tells them that he could not have told them this before for fear of slurring the Colonel's name.

Jones reveals he has recently been at Somerset House in London and now knows that the Colonel and his wife are dead, so he could tell all, and burn the letters that she and Clarke sent to each other. Mainwaring is upset that Jones has been treated as a coward and is incensed at Clarke, so he decides to confront him. Upset for their treatment of Jones as well, the platoon is also angry at Clarke. However, Wilson reveals that Clarke went outside. As they go after him, Hodges arrives, and tells them that Clarke has resigned and left by train and will post his uniform back. Jones proceeds to burn the letters with Walker's cigarette lighter, and Hodges screams at him to "put that light out".

Cast

Arthur Lowe as Captain Mainwaring and Sergeant Ironside
John Le Mesurier as Sergeant Wilson and Colonel Smythe
Clive Dunn as Lance Corporal Jones
John Laurie as Private Frazer and Dervish warrior
James Beck as Private Walker and Private Green
Arnold Ridley as Private Godfrey and the Old Fakir
Ian Lavender as Private Pike and Second Lieutenant Franklin
Bill Pertwee as ARP Warden Hodges and Dervish warrior
John Cater as Private Clarke
Wendy Richard as Edith
Queenie Watts as Edna
Gilda Perry as Doreen
Linda James as Betty
Parnell McGarry as Elizabeth
John Ash as Raymond

Notes
The title is a play on the novel and subsequent films entitled The Four Feathers, in which a member of the British Army in the Sudan is accused of cowardice. In the 1939 film The Four Feathers, the Khalifa was played by John Laurie.
The historical flashback scenes were filmed in a disused Norfolk quarry, rigged up to look like the Sudanese desert, interspersed with footage from the 1939 film version of The Four Feathers.
This was one of two episodes where the Dad's Army characters were rather whimsically shown in a historical setting; the other was A Soldier's Farewell.
During the flashback scenes, there is a rare opportunity to see Clive Dunn without the heavy makeup which he wore to play Lance Corporal Jones, who was much older than Dunn was in reality.

Further reading

External links

Dad's Army (series 4) episodes
1970 British television episodes
Cultural depictions of Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener
Works about the Mahdist War

The Two and a Half Feathers


Manuel Fernández Juncos (December 11, 1846 – August 18, 1928) was a Spanish-born, Puerto Rican journalist, poet, author and humanitarian who wrote the official lyrics to La Borinqueña, Puerto Rico's official anthem.

Early years
Fernández Juncos was born in Tresmonte, a section of Ribadesella, Asturias, Spain.
Orphaned at an early age, he arrived in Puerto Rico in 1858 aboard a Spanish vessel. Fernández-Juncos became a Puerto Rican by adopting the island as his country and where he was to spend the rest of his life.

Fernández Juncos met Dr. José Gualberto Padilla, a poet known as "El Caribe" who inspired him towards a literary vocation. He first wrote for El Progreso (Progress), a newspaper founded by José Julián Acosta. He also wrote for the Porvenir and El Clamor del País newspapers. Fernández Juncos founded many newspapers with liberal tendencies. Among them, one was called El Buscapie. It promoted a socialist agenda, including the idea that every child should be entitled to a free education. It quickly became the most widely read Puerto Rican paper of its time. He also founded the Revista Puertorriqueña (The Puerto Rican Magazine).

As a writer, Fernández Juncos studied and wrote about the roots of the Puerto Ricans as a people. Among his most notable works were: Tipos y Caracteres, Libro Cuarto de Lectura, and Canciones Escolares (which he co-wrote with Virgilio Dávila and Braulio Dueño Colon). "El Buscapie" was the only newspaper in the island to criticize the local government. In 1893, he founded the Masonic Lodge Patria No. 61 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was also the Lodge's first Worshipful Master.

Political activist
Fernández Juncos joined the Autonomist Party founded by Román Baldorioty de Castro and became its secretary. Shortly after, when Puerto Rico was granted its autonomy from Spain, Fernández Juncos was elected and became the first Secretary of State.  However, in less than a year Puerto Rico was invaded by the United States during the Spanish–American War and its government abolished. He founded the Puerto Rican Red Cross, which continues today to give humanitarian help to those in need.

The Americanization process of Puerto Rico by the invaders included the establishment of English to be used in the local schools and the government. As such it was required that books written in English be used. Fernández Juncos, believed that it would not be beneficial to the common person in Puerto Rico who spoke only Spanish. He thereby took upon himself the task of adopting, translating, and writing the books to be used in the schools. Fernández-Juncos later founded the "Casa Manuel Fernández Juncos" for orphaned children in San Juan.

"La Borinqueña"
Fernández Juncos wrote the current lyrics to "La Borinqueña", which originally was a danza written by Francisco Ramírez in 1860 (sometimes credited to Félix Astol Artés in 1867). The original lyrics to the anthem, written by Lola Rodríguez de Tió in 1868, were deemed by the  public as too subversive for public use. A public contest to provide new lyrics to the tune was held in 1903, with Fernández Juncos as its winner (this explains why the Asturias native is credited for writing the lines "The land of Borinquen / where I was born"). "La Borinqueña" became the official anthem of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952.

Official Anthem of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico — "La Boriqueña"

Legacy
Manuel Fernández Juncos died on August 18, 1928, in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Was buried at the Santa María Magdalena de Pazzis Cemetery In San Juan, Puerto Rico. The government of Puerto Rico has honored his memory by naming three schools in the cities of Mayagüez, Juana Diaz, and Cabo Rojo and a commercial avenue in San Juan after him.

A United States Postal Service Post Office in Santurce, Puerto Rico, was named the Fernandez Juncos Post Office.

See also

List of Puerto Ricans

References

External links

1846 births
1928 deaths
People from Asturias
Burials at Santa María Magdalena de Pazzis Cemetery
People from Ribadesella
Puerto Rican people of Spanish descent
Puerto Rican composers
Puerto Rican male composers
Puerto Rican journalists
Puerto Rican poets
Puerto Rican male writers
Spanish composers
Spanish male composers
Spanish journalists
20th-century Spanish poets
20th-century Spanish male writers
National anthem writers
American male non-fiction writers

Manuel Fernández Juncos


Maritta Martin Wolff Stegman (December 25, 1918 – July 1, 2002) was an American author.

Biography
Wolff was born on December 25, 1918, in Grass Lake, Jackson County, Michigan. She grew up on her grandparents' farm and attended a one-room country school. She was a senior at the University of Michigan when she wrote a novel-length story for an English composition class that won the 1940 Avery Hopwood Award, a university prize for excellent writing, worth $1,000. Whistle Stop is a seamy tale of the Veeches, a shiftless family living in a whistle-stop town near Detroit.  The novel, depicting incest, violence, and containing much more vulgar language than was usual at the time, was published the next year by Random House.  That Wolff, a mere 22-year-old, was the author of so hard-boiled a novel gave her an instant notoriety, and Whistle Stop became an immediate best-seller, going into five editions and a special Armed Services Edition.  Yet the book was not without literary merit, Sinclair Lewis calling it "the most important novel of the year."

Whistle Stop was adapted into a 1946 film starring Ava Gardner and George Raft.

Wolff's second novel, Night Shift, attracted more critical praise, especially for its dialog.  It was made into a movie in 1947 starring Ida Lupino and Robert Alda, with the title changed to The Man I Love. Over the next 20 years she wrote four more best-selling novels.  Always a private person who shunned publicity, Wolff, in 1972, refused her publisher's request to go on a promotional tour for a recently finished novel, Sudden Rain, and as a result the novel was never published during her lifetime.  At that point she evidently ceased writing fiction.

While at the University of Michigan she had met and married a prolific young writer, Hubert Skidmore, who published six novels before he was 30. Skidmore died in a house fire in 1946.  In 1947 Wolff married a costume jeweller, Leonard Stegman, by whom she had a son, Hugh Stegman.

After Wolff's death, the manuscript for Sudden Rain, which had been kept safely in her refrigerator for the last thirty years of her life, was published (along with re-issues of Whistle Stop and Night Shift) to much acclaim.

Publications
Whistle Stop (Random House, N.Y.C., 1941). Made into a film in 1946 starring George Raft and Ava Gardner.
Night Shift (Random House, N.Y.C., 1942). Made into the 1947 film The Man I Love starring Ida Lupino.
About Lyddy Thomas (Random House, N.Y.C., 1947)
Back of Town (Random House, N.Y.C., 1952)
The Big Nickelodeon (Random House, N.Y.C., 1956)
Buttonwood (Random House, N.Y.C., 1962)
Sudden Rain (Scribners, N.Y.C., 2005)

References

Further reading
 "Maritta Wolff Stegman, 83" (obituary) in Chicago Tribune, 17 July 2002

 Introduction to Sudden Rain by Margot Livesey, Scribners, N.Y.C., 2005, pp. vii-viii

1918 births
2002 deaths
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
People from Grass Lake, Michigan
American women novelists
Writers from California
Novelists from Michigan
University of Michigan alumni
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers

Maritta Wolff