A list of archaeological sites in County Cork, Ireland.

Bantry Area

Bantry Archaeology
 Coastal Promontory Fort, Dromclogh
 Franciscan Friary, Abbey extant 1466 suppressed 1542
 Fulacht fiadh, Dromclogh,
 Holy Well, Beach 15th. August
 Iron Working Site, pre-1685
 Ringfort, Ardhoolihane, Beach, Booltenagh, Bunbuttern West, Cappanaloha West, Clonee, Curraghavaddra, Dromtahineen, Lissakeemig, Mullagh, Rooska East
 Standing Stone, Beach, Dromclogh

Bantry Area Townlands
All in the parish of Kilmocomoge, most in the Barony of Bantry, some in the Baronies of West Carbery (West Division) one  (Glanycarney) in East Carbery (East Division)

 Abbey, Ard na mBrathar ('monks' height).  Burial ground, friary iron working site.
 Aghaghooheen, Achadh Ui Ghuithin (Guheen's field)
 Ahil Beg and More, Athchoill (regrown wood). Standing stone.
 Ahildotia, Athchoill Doite (burned regrown wood)
 Ardaturrish Beg and More, Ard na dTuras (height of the pilgrimage). Burial ground coastal promontory fort.
 Ardnacloghy, Ard na Cloiche (height of the stone)
 Ardnagashel, Ard na gCaiseal (height of the forts)
 Ardnageehy Beg and More, Ard na Gaoithe (windy height). Standing stone.
 Ardnamanagh,
 Ardrath, Ard Rath (high fort)
 Ards More East and West, Na hAird (the heights)
 Ardhoolihane, Ard Ui Uallachain (Houlichan's height)
 Ballylickey, Beal atha na Leice (mouth of the fording flagstone)
 Ballynamought, Baile na mBocht (town of the poor)
 Bantry Town, Beanntrai (people of Beannt)
 Barnagearagh, Ban na gCaorach (field of the sheep)
 Baurgorm, Barr Gorm (blue top)
 Beach
 Breeny Beg and More,
 Caher, Cathair (stone fort)
 Caherdaniel East and West, Cathair Dhomhnaill (Donal's fort)
 Cahermoanteen, Cathair an Mhointin (fort of the coarse moor)
 Cahermuckee, Cathair an Mhuici (fort of the swineherd)
 Cahernacrin, Cathair an Achrainn (fort of the strife)
 Cahergullane, Cathair an Ghallain (fort of the standing stone)
 Cappaboy Beg and More, Ceapach Buidhe (yellow tillage plot)
 Cappanaboul, Ceapach na bPoll (plot of the pits)
 Cappanabrick, Ceapach na mBroch (field of the badgers)
 Cappanaloha East and West, Ceapacn na Luaithre (plot of the ashes)
 Cappanavar, Ceapach na bhFear (field of the men)
 Carran, Carn (monumental heap of stones)
 Carriganass, Carrig an Easa (rock of the waterfall)
 Carrigboy, Carrig Buidhe (yellow rock)
 Carrignagat, Carrig na gCat (rock of the cat|squirrels?)
 Chapel Island and Little,
 Clashduff, Clais Dhubh (dark hollow)
 Clonee, Cluain Fhia ( meadow of the deer)
 Cloonygorman, Cluain Ui Ghormain (Gorman's meadow)
 Close, Clos (enclosure)
 Cooleenlamane, Cuilin Lomanach (bare remote place)
 Coomacroobeg, Cum an Chrubaigh (field of the hoofed animal)
 Coomanore North and South, Cum an Iubhair (valley of the yew tree)
 Coomclogh, Cum Cloch (valley of the stones)
 Coomleagh East and West, Cum na Lia (valley of the boulders)
 Coorloum Easr North and West, Cuar Lom (bare bend)
 Corrycomane, Cuar an Choimeaid (bend of the storage)
 Corryleary, Cuar Ui Laoghaire (O'Leary's bend)
 Coumaclavlig, Cum an Chnaimharlaigh (valley of the skeleton)
 Cousane, Cuasan (cavern)
 Crossogue, Crosog, (little cross)
 Crowkingle,
 Cullenagh, Cuillenagh ( place of holly)
 Curraglass, Currach Glas (green bog)
 Currakeal, Currach Caol (narrow bog)
 Curramore, Currach More (large bog)
 Dereenathirigh,
 Dereenkealig, Daoire an Chaolaigh (grove of the saplings)
 Dereenclooig,
 Dereengranagh,
 Dereenograne,
 Derryclogher,
 Derrycreigh,
 Derryarkane, Doire Urcan (grove of the bonhams/piglets)
 Derryduff Beg and More, Doire Dubh (dark oak wood)
 Derryfada, Doire Fada (long oak wood)
 Derryginagh East Middleand West, Doire Grianach (sunny grove)
 Derrynafinchin, Doire na Fuinnseann (grove of the ash trees)
 Derrynakilla, Doire na Cille (grove of the burial ground)
 Deryvahalla, Doire Machalla (oak grove of the echoes)
 Dromacapull, Drom an Chapaill (ridge of the horse)
 Dromaclarig, Drom an Chlaraigh (ridge of the plateau)
 Dromacoosane, Drom an Chuasain (ridge of the littlecave)
 Dromanassa, Drom an Eise (ridge of the path)
 Drombrow, Drom Bro (ridge of thequern stone)
 Dromclogh East and West, dRom Cloch (ridge of the stones)
 Dromdoneen and East and West, Dromdoneen East, Drom an Duinin (ridge of the little fort)
 Dromdaniel, Drom Ui Dhomhnaill, (O'Donnell's ridge)
 Dromduff East and west, Drom Duff (black ridge)
 Dromgariff, Drom Garbh (rough ridge)
 Dromkeal. Drom Caol (narrow ridge)
 Dromleigh North and South, Drom Liath (grey ridge)
 Dromloughlin, Drom Ui Lochlainn (O'Loughlin's ridge)
 Dromnafinshin, drom na Fuinnseann (ridge of the ash trees)
 Dromsullivan North and south, Drom Ui Shuilleabhain (O'Sullivan's ridge)
 Dunamark and Mill Lot, Dun na mBarc (fortress of the ships)
 Dunbittern East and West,
 Farranfada, Fearann Fada (long land)
 Garranboy Island, Garran Buidhe (yellow thicket)
 Gearagh, Gaorthai (wooden glens), Gaorthadh (wooded glen or stream)
 Glanareagh,
 Glanbannin Lower and Upper,
 Glanlough, Gleann an Lougha (glen of the lake)
 Gortacloona, Gort na Cluana (meadow field)
 Gortagarry, Gort an Gharrai (field of the garden)
 Gortloughra, Gort Luachra (field of the rushes)
 Gortnacowly, Gort an Chabhlaigh (field of the ruin)
 Gortroe, Gort Ruadh (red field)
 Gouree Beg and More, Guaire (sandbank)
 Gurraghy, Garraithe (gardens)
 Gurteenroe, Goirtin Ruadh (little red field)
 Glanycarney, Geann Ui Chearnai (Kearney's glen)
 Hog Island,
 Hollyhill,
 Horse Island,
 Illane, Oilean (island)
 Illauncrevveen
 Inchiclogh, Inse na gCloch (low stony meadow)
 Inchagoum, Inse na nGamhna (low meadow of the calves)
 Inchinarihen, Inse an Oirchinn (low meadow of the end)
 Inchiroe, Inse Ruadha (brown pasture|riverside)
 Iskanafeelna, Easc na Faoilinne (lady's esker)
 Kealaine, Caol na nOigheann (marsh of the river sources)
 Kealcoum, Caol Cam (winding marshy stream)
 Kealkill, Caol Choill (narrow wood)
 Keilnascarta, Cill na Scairte (church of the shrubbery)
 Kilmore,
 Kilnaknappoge, Cill na gCnopog (church of the hillocks)
 Kilnaruane, Cill na Rómhán (church of the Romans)
 Kinathfineen, Cill Naomh Fhianniain (St. Finnian's church)
 Kippaghingergill, Ceapach Inghir Ghil (plot of the bright grazing)
 Knockanecosduff, Cnocan na gCos nDubh (hillock of the maidenhair)
 Knocknamuck, Cnon na Muc (hill of the pigs)
 Lackeragh, Leaca Riabhach (striped hillside)
 Lacadane, Leaca Bhan (white hillside ?)
 Laharan East and West, Leath Fhearainn (section of the hill brow)
 Lararanshermeen,
 Letterlicky East Middle and West, Leitir na Leace (hillside of the flagstone)
 Lisheen, Lisin (little fort)
 Loughdeeveen, Leaca Diomhaoin (barren hillside)
 Lousy Castle Island,
 Maugha, Macha (cattle field)
 Maughanaclea, Macha na gClai (field of the fences)
 Maughanasilly, Macha na Saili (field of the willows|sallies)
 Maularaha, Meall an Reithe ( knoll of the ram)
 Maulavanig, Meall an Mhanaigh (the monk's knoll)
 Maulinward, Meall an Bhaird ( the poet's knoll)
 Mill Big and Little, Meall Beag (little knob)
 Mileencoola, Millin na gCuaille (knob of the posts)
 Newtown,
 Parkana, Pairceanna (fields)
 Rabbit Island,
 Raheen and Beg and More, Raithin (little fort)
 Rangaroe, Reaangai Rua (red ridges)
 Reenaadisert, Rinn an Disirt (point of the hermitage)
 Reenaknock, Rinn na gCnoc (point of the hills)
 Reenavanny, Rinn an Mhanaigh (monk's point)
 Reerour East and West, Rinn Reamhar (broad point)
 Reenydonagan, Rinn Ui Dhoinragain (Donegan's point)
 Scartbaun,
 Seafield,
 Shanaknock, Seana Chnoc (old hill)
 Shandrum Beg and More, Sean Drum (old ridge)
 Shanvallybeg,
 Sheskin, Seisceann (marsh)
 Shronagreehy, Sron na Gaoithe (windy promontory)
 Skahanagh and Beg Lower More, Sceitheanach (white thorn area)
 Slip, Sliop (opening)
 Snave, Snamh (ford|swim)
 Tooreen and South, Tuairin (grassland)
 Town Lots,
 Trawnahaha, Tra na hAithbhe
 Trawnamaddree, Trian na Madrai (area of the dogs)

Bere island
 Battery, Ardaragh West, Cloonaghlin West
 Circular Enclosure, Greenane
 Hut Site, Ardaragh West
 Martello Tower, Ardaragh West, Cloonaghlin West (also Telegraph Station)
 Promontory Fort
 Ringfort, Cloonaghlin West, Greenane
 Signal Tower, Derrycreeveen
 Standing Stone, Greenane
 Wedge Tomb, Ardaragh West

Cape Clear

Cape Clear Townlands
 An tArd Ghort
 Baile Iarthach Theas (Ballyieragh)
 Baile Iarthach Thuaidh
 Cill Leice Forabhain (Killickaforavane)
 Comalan (Comillane)
 Cnocan na mBairneach (Knockannamurnagh)
 Cnocan an Choimthigh (Knockanacohig)
 Coinlin (Keenleen)
 Crathach Thiar (Croha West)
 Crathach Thoir (Croha East)
 Creathuna (Carhoona)
 Gleann Iarthach (Glen West)
 Gleann Meanach
 Gleann Oirtheach
 Gort na Lobhar (Gortnalour)
 Lios O Moine (Lissamona)
All in Clear Island civil parish Barony of West Carbery (East Division)

Cape Clear Archaeology
 Boulder Burial, Gort na Lobhar (Gortnalour)
 Burial Ground, Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh), Cill Leire Forabhain (Comillane), also Children's Burial Ground, Lios O Moine (Lissamona)
 Celtic Art Stone with later cross inscription Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD, Crathach Thiar (Croha West)
 Church, Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh) in ruins 1693
 Cross Slab, Lios O Moine (Lissamona), Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh)
 Cup Mark Stone, Cill Leire Forabhain (Comillane) now in Cape Clear Museum
 Fulach Fiadh (Cooking Pit), Gort na Lobhar (Gortnalour), Cnocan na mBairneach (Knockannamurnagh)
 Holy Well, Cill Leire Forabhain (Comillane), Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh) visited on St. Kieran's day 5 March
 Medieval post 1200 AD O'Driscoll Castle
 Passage Tomb 4000 - 2200 BC, Cill Leire Forabhain (Comilane) found 1880
 Promontory Fort Celtic Iron Age 600B, C. - 400 AD at Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh), Cnocan na mBairneach (Knockannamurnagh)
 Ringfort, Lios O Moine (Lissamona)
 Signal Tower, Gleann Iarthach (Glen West) burned early 19th century
 Stone Pair, Cill Leire Forabhain (Comillane), Neolithic 4000 - 2200 BC
 Tower House and Bawn, Baile Iarthach (Ballyieragh) O'Driscoll

Dursey Island

Dursey Island Archaeology
 Ballaun Stones, Killowen, Ballynacallagh
 Castle Site, Ballynacallagh O'Sullivan garrison 1602
 Cup Marked Stone, Ballynacallagh
 Graveyarg/Ruined Church, Ballynacallagh
 Hut Site, Killowen
 Radial Stone Enclosure, Maughanaclea
 Signal Tower, Tilickatina (see towers on Bere Island, Kilcrohane, Mizen Peninsula and Cape Clear)

Dursey Island Townlands
 Ballynacallagh
 Killowen
 Maughanaclea
 Tilickatina

Mizen Head Peninsula
 Altar, Wedge Tomb Bronze Age 2200 BC-600 BC
 Arderrawinny, Portal Tomb 4000 - 2200 BC
 Ardintenant, O'Mahony Castle Medieval post 1200 AD
 Arduslough, Wedge Tomb Bronze Age 2200 BC-600 BC
 Ballybane West, Rock Art Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC
 Barnatonicane, Church Graveyard and Ballaun Medieval post 1200 AD
 Castle Island, Shell Midden, O'Mahony Castle Medieval post 1200 AD
 Castlepoint, Promontory Fort Celtic Iron Age 600 b.c. - 400 AD, O'Mahony Medieval Castle
 Corradarrigan, Boulder Burial, Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC
 Coosheen, Pillar Stone in Children's Graveyard Early Christian 400-1200 AD
 Croagh Bay, Church and Children's Burial Ground early Christian 400- 1200 AD
 Dunlough, Coastal Promontory Fort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD, Three O'Mahony Castles Medieval post 1200 AD,
 Dunbeacon, Stone Circle Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC, Two standing stones nearby
 Dunmanus, Boulder Burial Bronze Age 2200-600 BC, O'Mahony Castle Medieval post 1200 AD
 Dooneen, Promontory Fort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Kilangle, Church Early Christian 400 - 1200 AD
 Kilbrown, Church Well Bullaun
 Kilcoe, McCarthy Castle Medieval post 1200 AD
 Leamcon, Medieval Castle
 Lissacaha, Ringfort Celtic Iron Age 600BC - 400 AD
 Lisheen, Boulder Burial Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC
 Lissagriffin, Kilmoe Church, Graveyard and Bullaun Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Meenvane, Ringfort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Mount Gabriel, Copper Mines Bronze Age 2200 BC - 600 BC
 Murrahin North, Stone Alignment Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC
 Rathooragh, Ringfort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Rathruane, Ringfort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Rossbrin, O'Mahony Castle Medieval post 1200 AD
 Skeagh, Passage Tomb 4000 - 2200 BC
 Toormore, wedge Tomb Bronze Age 2200 - 600 BC
 West Skeam (Island), Church and Graveyard Early Christian 400 - 1200 AD
 Whitehall, O'Driscoll Castle Medieval post 1200 AD

Sheep's Head Peninsula

Durrus Archaeology
 Boulder Burial, Ballycomane
 Burial Ground, Brahalish, Clashadoo, Coolcoulaghta, Dunbeacon, Kilvenogue,
 Cairn, Coolcoulaghta, Moulinward
 Castle, Dunbeacon
 Church, Moulinward (In repair 1639 ruins 1699)
 Fulacht Fiadha (Cooking Pit), Dunbeacon, Celtic Iron Age 600 BC-400 AD
 Graveyard, Moulinward
 Holy Well, Dunbeacon
 Mill Stone, Brahalish
 Promontory Fort, Coolcoulaghta (Celtic Iron Age 600 BC-400 AD)
 Ring forts,  Ballycomane, Brahalish, Clonee, Drumtahaneen, Dunbeacon, Gortyalassa, Kealties, Rushineska, Celtic Iron Age 600 BC-400 AD
 Shell Midden, Dunbeacon
 Standing Stones (Gallauns), Ballycomane, Coolcoulaghta (Stone Pair Bronze Age 2200 BC-600 BC, Kealties, Parkana
 Stone Row, Moulinward, Bronze Age 2200 BC-600 BC
 Stone Circle, Dunbeacon (Bronze Age 2200 BC-600 BC)
 Tower House (medieval post 1200 AD), Rossmore (O'Mahony|McCarthy?)

Durrus Townlands
Ahagouna  Ath Gamhna, 'Ford of the calves', in Clashadoo townland
Ardogeena (152 acres) Ard na Gaoine, 'height of the flint stones'. On the east side is Lisdromaloghera (Lios Drom Luachra) fort of the rushy ridge.
Ballycomane (1349 acres) Baile an Chumain 'town of the little valley'. Part of it is Ballinwillin (Baile an Mhuilinn) place of the mill.  Boulder burial, ringfort and standing stone pair.
Boolteenagh (148 acres) Buailtenach, 'summer pasture'. The high land at the south is called Knockboolteenagh (cnoc buailtineach) hill of the little boolies. Site of a possible souterrain, at the north side is a ringfort.
Brahalish  (784 acres)  Breach Lios, 'spotted forts' or Braichlis (place of malt or fermented grain).  On the west side is Brahalish Fort and the east Cummer Fort.  In 1659 census written Bracklisse.  Burial ground children, mill stone ringforts.  Location of Brahalish Hoard of gold ornaments currently in the British Museum.
Carrigboy (116 acres) Carraig Buidhe, 'yellow rock'. Location of Durrus village. The high road from here is built over land known as Carrig Cannon.
Curraghavaddra (195 acres) Currach an Mhadra, 'the bog of the dog'. On the west side is a ringfort.
Clonee (409 acres) Cluain Fhia, 'meadow of the deer' or Aodh's meadow.  In the cente is Clonee ringfort.
Clashadoo (749 acres) Clasa Dubha, 'dark hollows'. Burial ground last burial 1930s. To the north on high boggy ground is Coolnaheorna or Coornaheorna leading to the 'Cumar', and beyond to Loch na Fola (lake of the blood), the stream on the western end has a deep hole formerly known as Poul Nora Poll Nora (nora's hole).
Coolcoulaghta (1148 acres) Cul Cabhlachta, 'remote place of the ruins' or 'cul cuallachta',  nook of the tribe or assemblage.  Location of boulder burial, burial ground at Kileen Coolcoulaghta Church contains 1847 famine victims, cairn, coastal promontory fort, fulachta fiadh, ringfort, standing stone, a standing stone pair.
Coomkeen (915 acres) Cum Caoin, 'gentle valley'. Possible massrock, on the south side is Screathan na Muice (stoney slope of the pig).
Crottees (490 acres) Cruiteanna, 'humpy ridges'
Dromreagh (842 acres) Drom Riabhach, 'striped/grey ridge', on the north side is Coill Breach (wolf wood). Possible souterrain, standing stone.
Dromataniheen (97 acres) Drom a'tSeannaichin (ridge of the little fox).  Ringfort on the south side.
Dromreague (92 acres) Drom Reidh, 'even ridge'
Dunmanus  Dun Manus, 'fort of Manus'
Durrus  Dubh Ros, 'dark wooded promontory'
Gearhameen (646 acres) Gaortha min, 'small wooded glen'  On the east side is Coolnalong Castle seat of the McCarthy Muclaghs later the property of Lord Bandon.
Gurteen (127 acres) Goirtin 'small field'
Kealties (614 acres)  Caolta, 'narrow strip of land/or marshes marshy streams'. On the south side is Ros na Bruighne (headland of strife), written Glinkelty (Gleann Caolta) on 17th century map of Petty. Standing stone and possible ringforts.
Kiloveenoge  Cill Ui Mhionoig, 'Minogue's church', or Cill Oighe Mhineog church of the virgin Mineog.  Child burial ground, on the east side is a former Protestant Church built 1860 or the west side is the site of an old church and burial grounds..
Lissareemig (78 acres) Lios a'Riamaigh (fort of victory). Ringfort in centre.
Mannions Island Large and Small
Moulivarde  Meall an Bhaird, 'the bard's knoll'
Mullagh (173 acres) ''Mullagh, 'summit'. Possible souterrain on the west side is Lissavully Fort (lios a'Mhullaigh) fort of the summit.
Murreagh (199 acres) Muirioch, 'seaside marsh'. Location of disused grain store also used as a refuge for children in 1847. Disused slate quarry south end also standing stone.
Parkana  Pairceanna, 'fields'
Rooska West 298 acres) East (295 acres) Riasca, 'marshes'. Disused lead mines on western side ringforts in West and East.
Rossmore (310 acres) Ros Mor  'large copse or large promontory'. Location of Rossmore Castle in ruins former O'Mahony tower house and location of former slate quarry
Rusheenasiska (84 acres)  Ruisin an Uisce, 'little copse of the water'
Teadagh ( 107 acres) Taodach, 'rugged land' or Teideach 'flat topped hill'
Tullig  Tullach, 'mound'

Kilcrohane Archaeology
 Ardahill, Ardintenant, Caher, Caheragh, Derrycluvane,  Drumnea, Faunmore, Gortalassa, Gortaneish, Killoveenogue, Knockroe, Raferigeen, Letter East, Rossnacaheragh, Tullig Ringfort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Aughaleigue, Gouladoo, Laherandota, Letter East, Holy well
 Ballytransna, Kilcrohane, Cashel
 Ardaneig, Caher, Farranamanagh, Gortnakilla, Killonoveenogue, Letter West, Kilcrohane, Burial Ground,
 Caherurlagh, Holed Stone for healing
 Dooneen, Galladoo, Keelovenogue, Promontory Fort Celtic Iron Age 600 BC - 400 AD
 Dromnea, Bardic School Medieval post 1200 AD, Ornamental Tower erected Lord Bandon, Holy Well (tober na nduanairidhe well of the poets), possible fulach fiadh
 Farranmanagh, Stone Row Bronze Age, Children's Burial Ground, Souterrain, Tower house (O'Daly), Gallaun (standing stone
 Gouladoo, Holy Well
 Letter West, Children's Burial Ground
 Kilcrohane, Souterrain
 Signal Towers, Tooreen

Kilcrohane Townlands
 Ahileague, Achadh na Liag (field of the boulders or flagstones|rocking-stone)
 Ardahill, Ard Athchoill (High new wood| possible connection to St. Eochaile)
 Ardanenig, (Ard an Aonaigh (height of the fair or assembly place)
 Ballieragh, (608 acres), Baile Iartharach (western townland), sometimes termed West Ballyroon.  In the centre is Faill Bheag (small cliff)
 Ballyruin, (118 acres), Baile Ui Tuain (Ruane's townland) or Baile a'Ruadhain (place of the moorland).  Here lie the ruins of the house occupied by the poet  Angus na n-Aor O Dalaigh in 1610.
 Ballyroon Mountain (468 acres), Macha Damh (field of the bardic assemblies). On the west side is Doo LOugh Dubh Loch (black lake) and the ruins of a signal tower
 Ballintra, Baile na dTra (townland of the strands)
 Caher, (258 acres) Cathair (stone fort), in the centre is Bawnacaheragh Fort Badhun na Cathrach (enclosure of the fort) at the south and east sides are disused burial grounds and the east are the remains of an old schoolhouse which in the early 19th. century had 200 plus pupils
 Caher Mountain (222 acres), Slaibh na Cathrach (mountain of the stone fort), on the west side is Tooreenacaheragh Tuairin na Cathrach (little green or bleach yard of the fort)
 Cahergal, (125 acres), Cathair Gheal (white fort), the side of the caher is on the north side
 Caherurlagh, (31 acres), Cathair Iolrach (eagle fort) or Cathair Urlaidhe (stone fort of the skirmish) or Cathair Urlach (stone fort of long coarse grass), site of holed stone and rindfort
 Caherurlagh Mountain North (28 acres) South (24 acres), Sliabh Cathair Urlaidhe (mountain of the stone fort of conflict), on the west side is Cookturtaun Lough Cul a'Tortain (back of the hillock)
 Clash, (97 acres) Clais (hollow)
 Carrivaleen, Cathair an Mhillin (stone fort of the knoll)
 Cora, subdivision of Ballyruin
 Derrycluvane, Doire Clumhanta (remote oak grove)
 Dooneen, Duinin (little fort)
 Doonour, Dub Amhair (fort of music)
 Dromnea, Drom an Fhiaidh (ridge of the deer)
 Eskeraha, (332 acres) Eascracha (glacier ridge) or Eisc Ratha (marsh of the fort), site of ringfort
 Fahane, Faithchean (small green plot)
 Farranamanagh, Lower, Upper, Fearann na Mannach (monk's land)
 Fawnmore, Fan Mor (big slope)
 Foilbeag,
 Galladoo, Gabhla Dubha (dark forks|black hill shoulders)
 Gearhies, Gaorthai (wooded glens)
 Glanalin, Gleann na Linn (glen of the pools)
 Glenruin, Gleann Ruadhain (glen of the sparrowhawk)
 Gortnalassa, Gort an Leasa (fort field)
 Gortaneish, Gort an Ois (field of the fawn)
 Gortnakilla, Gort na Cille (field of the church)
 Gurtfahane, Gort Fahane (field of the thistle)
 Gortavallig, (314 acres),  Gort an Bhealaigh (roadside field), location of disused copper mines and slate quarries on the west side
 Kilcrohane, Cill Crochain (Crohane's church)
 Killeen, Cillin (little church)
 Knockeens, Cnoichini (small hills)
 Knockroe, Cnoc Ruadh (red hills)
 Laherndotia, (69 acres), Leath Fhearann Doite (burned settlement side), also known as Mid Ballyroon, location of holy wells on the east side and on the south side is Tobernockphuca Tobar Cnoc a'Phuca (well of the pooka's hill)
 Laharndota Mountain (33 acres), Sliabh Leath- Fhearann Doighte (mountain of the half burned townland), on the south side is Laharndota Lough
 Letter East (259 acres), Lower (50 acres), Mountain (238 acres), West (117 acres), Leitir (wet hillside), on the south side is Toberanorane Tobar an Fhuarain (well of the cold spring) and Letter Lough, on the north east is Loughaunnabrickeen Lochaan a'Bhricin (little lake of the trout)
 Moulnaskeha, Meall na Sceithe (knoll of the bush)
 Raffrigeen, Rath Aimhirgin (aimhirgin's fort)
 Reennacoppul, Rinn na gCapall (horses point)
 Rhea or Reagh, (221 acres) (mountain flat or plateau)
 Rhearour, Rinn Reamhar (broad point)
 Rosskerrig, Ros na gCaorach (wooded promontory of the sheep)
 Rossnacaheragh, Ros na cathrach (copse of the fort)
 Tooreen, (355 acres) Tuairin (grassland|little drying or bleaching place) or sheepwalk. On the west side is Lough Akeen Loch a'Chinn, lake of the promontory, the extreme point is Ros Caorthach (headland of the round masses) or Sheeps Head.
 The Paddock
 Tullig, Tullach (mound)

References

Sources
 Bruno O'Donoghue, Parish Histories and Placenames of West Cork, 1986, The Kerryman
 Archaeological Inventory of County Cork, Volume 1: West Cork, The Stationery Office, Dublin 1992

External links
 Guide To Irish Archaeological Sites, google.com
 UCC's Archaeological Survey Unit, ucc.ie
 Archaeology and Forestry in Ireland, heritagecouncil.ie
 Archaeological Theses UCC, google.com
 IrishMegaliths.org
Townland Database, http://www.thecore.com/seanruad/
Various sources about archaeology in Cork (From the National Library of Ireland's Sources database), sources.nli.ie

Archaeological

List of archaeological sites in County Cork


Guigues VII (1225–1269), of the House of Burgundy, was the dauphin of Vienne and count of Albon, Grenoble, Oisans, Briançon, Embrun, and Gap from 1237 to his death. He was the son of Andrew Guigues VI and Beatrice of Montferrat.  When his father died, his mother helped guide the leadership of the new Dauphin.

He fought great contests over the counties of Embrun and Gap with Charles, Count of Provence and Forcalquier. Those counties were the dowry of his father's first wife, Beatrice of Forcalquier. Guigues VI had repudiated his first wife and married a second, giving the counties of his former wife to the son of his second: Guigues VII. Charles, as heir to the county of Forcalquier, claimed the counties. A compromise was eventually reached whereby Guigues retained Embrun, but Charles received Gap.

In 1239, the young Dauphin entered negotiations to marry Cecile of Baux with the help of his ally, Raymond VII of Toulouse.  Cecile's father, Barral later claimed that he only negotiated the engagement under threats against his life.  In 1241, he became engaged to Beatrice of Savoy, daughter of Peter of Savoy and Agnes of Faucigny.  Peter's brother, Philip agreed to help the Dauphin fight the count of Valentinois.

In 1247, Guigues was summoned by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor to join the army he was assembling in Savoy.  This army was being gathered to attack the Pope in Lyon, though ultimately Frederick was distracted by other battles in Italy.

In 1253, Guigues married Beatrice (1237–1310). For her dowry, Beatrice brought Guigues Faucigny, a distant territory menacing Savoy, the traditional enemy of the Viennois. Many wars of Guigues' descendants would be aimed at the defence of this land from the Savoyard counts. Guigues had two sons and a daughter:
John I (1264–1282), his successor
Andrew (1267 – c. 1270)
 Anne (1255–1298), later successor, married in 1273 to Humbert de la Tour du Pin

References

1225 births
1269 deaths
13th-century peers of France
Dauphins of Viennois
Counts of Albon
Counts of Grenoble
Counts of Oisans
Counts of Briançon
Counts of Embrun
Counts of Gap
Military personnel of the Holy Roman Empire
House of Burgundy

Guigues VII of Viennois


Rich Waltz (born October 22, 1962) is an American television play-by-play commentator currently calling college football and basketball for CBS Sports and CBS Sports Network. Waltz also calls MLB for MLB Network's Showcase telecasts and Apple TV's Friday Night Baseball. The past two season's he has filled in on TV for the Arizona Diamondbacks and the Los Angeles Angels on Bally Sports. Waltz also called the Phoenix Regional of the World Baseball Classic for MLB Network and MLB International. A three-time Emmy winner, Waltz is formerly known for calling television broadcasts for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball from 2005 to 2017. Waltz's dismissal by Fox Sports Florida and the Marlins was criticized by fans and media. Over the past few years, Waltz has called MLB for MLB Network and Turner Sports, including the Cubs' Alec Mills no-hitter, the sixth MLB no-hitter he has announced. Waltz also called the 2020 AL Wild Card Series for TBS alongside Jimmy Rollins.

Broadcasting career

Major League Baseball
From 2012 to 2015, Waltz called games on Fox's Saturday Baseball package, and he has filled in on MLB Network's Thursday Night Baseball coverage. Waltz has called four World Baseball Classics (WBC) for MLB Network; in 2013, 2017 and 2023 he partnered with Buck Martinez and called two rounds of the WBC in Japan and Arizona.

Waltz joined FSN Florida from FSN Northwest. He has also called Major League Baseball games for Fox, ESPN, ESPN Radio, and FX nationally along with the Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays broadcasts on CBC Television in Canada. Waltz's no-hitters include Aníbal Sánchez's in September 2006, Roy Halladay's perfect game on May 29, 2010, and Henderson Alvarez's no-hitter against the Detroit Tigers on the final game of the 2013 Major League Baseball season.

Other sports
Since 2014 Rich's College Football and Basketball has been with CBS Sports and CBS Sports Network. His CBS analysts have included Adam Archuleta, Aaron Murray, and Aaron Taylor. From 1997 to 2002, Waltz called college football games for ESPN, ESPN Radio and ABC in the Big Ten, SEC and ACC conferences. His football experience also includes NFL Europe for Fox, Pac-12 Football for FSN, and NFL preseason games for the Seattle Seahawks.

From 2010 to 2012, Waltz called games on ACC College Football Saturday and SEC Saturday Nights produced and distributed by Fox Sports Net and Raycom Sports. His college basketball work has included games in every major conference for Fox, ESPN, CBS, CBS Sports Network, and Raycom. In 2018 Waltz called the NBA Playoffs and the NCAA Tournament East Regional on TNT's VR platform.

Waltz's ESPN assignments included the Women's NCAA basketball tournament, Arena Football, NCAA College Softball World Series, Little League World Series Regional Finals, and Major League Soccer. Waltz has also called both ATP and WTA events on Tennis Channel, including 2015 events from Dubai, Doha, and Buenos Aires.

In the 2019, NCAA Super Regional on ESPN, he called the 19-strikeout no-hitter by Vanderbilt's Kumar Rocker.

Philanthropic work
In 2006, Waltz helped create and organize the FSN Fantasy Auction, which in 12 years raised more than $1.2 million for the Marlins Community Foundation. In 2008, he was honored by the Marlins with their Community Service Award.

Playing career
Waltz played college baseball, first for Los Medanos College in Pittsburg, California, then at the University of California, Davis. He was a starting infielder for the Aggies on two conference championship teams.

References

External links
 Miami Marlins Website
 FSNFlorida.com
 UC-Davis Baseball HOF 1985 Team
 Paramount Website

Living people
Arena football announcers
Association football commentators
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Miami Marlins announcers
National Football League announcers
NFL Europe broadcasters
People from Coral Springs, Florida
People from Martinez, California
Seattle Mariners announcers
Seattle Seahawks announcers
Toronto Blue Jays announcers
University of California, Davis alumni
1962 births

Rich Waltz


Margaret (or Margaretha) of Soissons (died ca. 1350) was ruling Countess of Soissons in 1305-1344. She was the only daughter of Hugh, Count of Soissons, and Johanna of Argies. In 1306 she succeeded her father as Countess of Soissons.

Margaret was married to John of Beaumont, son of John II, Count of Holland. Margaret and John had five children:

Johanna of Hainault (1323–1350), married first to Louis II, Count of Blois, (three sons), and second to William I, Marquis of Namur, no issue.
John, Canon of Cambrai.
William, Canon of Cambrai, Beauvais and Le Mans.
Amalrik, Canon of Cambrai, Dole and Tours.
Reinout, Canon of Cambrai.
Upon their marriage, John became Count of Soissons, jure uxoris.

Sources

Dormay, C., Histoire de la ville de Soissons et de ses rois, ducs, comtes et gouverneurs, Soissons, 1664 (available on Google Books)

References

Counts of Soissons
1350 deaths
Soissons, Countess of, Margaret
14th-century women rulers
14th-century counts in Europe

Margaret, Countess of Soissons


George Toma (born February 2, 1929) is an American groundskeeper who specializes in working on sports facilities.  Toma is one of the few surviving people to have attended every Super Bowl game, from 1967 to 2023.

He has been nicknamed the "Sodfather" and "The God of Sod."

Early life
As a youngster, he helped support his family by working at Artillery Park in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, home of the minor league baseball Wilkes-Barre Barons. He eventually worked his way up to head groundskeeper.

After serving in the military during the Korean War, Toma had a choice of working as stadium groundskeeper for minor league teams in Kansas City or Denver. He reportedly took the Kansas City job because the field was in worse shape than Denver.

Career

Kansas City sports teams
Toma has maintained the fields at numerous stadiums used by Major League Baseball and National Football League teams. For much of his career, Toma was the head groundskeeper for the Truman Sports Complex in Kansas City, Missouri; which includes the Kansas City Royals' Kauffman Stadium, and the Kansas City Chiefs' Arrowhead Stadium.

Toma worked for the then-Kansas City Athletics until the team relocated to Oakland in 1968, and then for the expansion Royals, at Municipal Stadium, where the NFL Kansas City Chiefs also played.  Municipal Stadium was also home to the Kansas City Spurs Soccer team.

In 1972, two new stadiums were built in Kansas City, Royals Stadium (now Kauffman) and Arrowhead Stadium. At the time of their opening, they both featured artificial turf, which brought Toma a new set of challenges. Toma has noted that artificial turf fields also require maintenance, and his crews have been able to nearly double their lifetime.

In 2012, Toma was inducted into the Kansas City Royals Hall of Fame.

Super Bowl
Toma was contracted by the NFL to prepare the field for every Super Bowl from 1967 to 2023.

Toma's reputation won him the job of preparing the field for the first Super Bowl in 1967, as team owners from both the NFL and the American Football League contracted with him to head the grounds crew at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. He was given free rein by then-NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle to decorate the field however he chose.

Controversy
Toma and the condition of the field in Super Bowl LVII were heavily criticized by players of both teams—the Philadelphia Eagles and Kansas City Chiefs—coaches and fans. Players on both teams could be seen slipping on the grass surface. Eagles linebacker Haason Reddick described the field as the "worst field that I've ever played on" and Eagles offensive lineman Jordan Mailata referred to the surface as a "water park out there." Chiefs defensive tackle Chris Jones called the field's surface "terrible." There were also safety issues regarding the field as Chiefs running back Isiah Pacheco could be seen twisting his ankle on the surface.

Some Eagles fans questioned potential motives of Toma, as he is a Chiefs employee and fan of the team. The playing surface significantly hampered the Eagles defensive line, which was their strength, and hampered their ability to rush the quarterback.

Toma, though he had praised league field director Ed Mangan for his work prior to the game, blamed Mangan for overwatering the playing surface and then immediately bringing the portable surface back indoors without allowing the grass to absorb sunlight. Additionally, he blamed Mangan for failing to sand the surface properly or in a timely manner, and covering the field with a tarp while it was still wet, giving it a foul smell.

Other work
Toma was called upon to supervise the grounds crews during the 1984 and 1996 Olympic Games, and the 1994 World Cup.

Toma officially retired from full-time work in 1999. He continues to work as a consultant for sports facilities and their groundskeepers around the United States.

Toma was honored by the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001 as the recipient of the Ralph Hay Pioneer Award. Toma was inducted into the Major League Baseball Groundskeepers Hall of Fame on January 8, 2012, as one of its charter members.

See also
Never Miss a Super Bowl Club

Notes

1929 births
Living people
Groundskeepers
Kansas City Chiefs personnel
Kansas City Royals personnel
People from Luzerne County, Pennsylvania

George Toma


Reuschberg (Spessart) is a hill in the Spessart range, located in the Landkreis Aschaffenburg, part of the Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. It has an elevation of 415 metres.

The wooded hill is located mostly in the unincorporated area of . At its foot lies the town of Schöllkrippen. To the south is the valley of the Höllenbach, to the north that of the Kleiner Laudenbach, both of which flow into the Kahl.

There is a transmission mast on the hill, operated by Vodafone, located on the slope at an elevation of around 385 metres.

Near the peak, there is a sort of circular rampart, known as  or Altenburg, with remains of both earth and masonry walls, long thought to date to the La Tène period. However, excavations in 2005 indicate that it most likely is a 10th-century refuge castle, with some elements added later (11th or 12th century). Over the centuries, locals have used the fortification as a source of construction materials, reducing the remains to just foundations.

The , a former monastery, lies on the lower slopes, just beneath the forest fringe.

References

Hills of Bavaria
Aschaffenburg (district)
Hills of the Spessart

Reuschberg (Spessart)


Lawrence Gordon "Larry" Muhoberac, Jr.; (February 12, 1937 - December 4, 2016, in Erina, New South Wales, Australia) was an American musician, record producer, and composer who was also known under pseudonyms "Larry Owens" and "Larry Gordon".

Career in America
Muhoberac is widely known as the original keyboardist in Elvis Presley's TCB Band. He first appeared live with the group at Presley's Hotel International debut in Las Vegas on July 31, 1969. After one tour in Las Vegas, Glen Hardin replaced him on piano in January 1970. Other members from the TCB era were James Burton (lead guitar), Jerry Scheff (bass), John Wilkinson (rhythm guitar), and Ronnie Tutt (drums).

Muhoberac was born and raised in Louisiana and began playing accordion and piano at age five. He went on the road with Woody Herman at 20 and moved to Memphis in 1959. In 1961, using the pseudonym "Larry Owens", he and his band played two of Presley's Memphis charity concerts.

He moved to the West Coast in the early sixties to work as a studio musician. Presley recruited him to work on his movie soundtracks. He developed a reputation as a top player and arranger, working first with Elvis and later with Neil Diamond, Tina Turner, Ray Charles, Tanya Tucker, Ray Conniff and Barbra Streisand. Later in his career he arranged and conducted for numerous successful acts, including Seals & Crofts, Nancy Sinatra and Contemporary Christian band The Archers.

He composed themes to many TV shows during this time as a production music composer for Network Music, including the theme song to The Bold and the Beautiful, for which he received neither credit nor royalties. He composed the opening theme for the Lawrence Welk Show, and also "Interlude", the title theme for the Bob Ross television show The Joy of Painting.

Emigration and career in Australia
In 1986, he moved to Australia, where he produced records, played piano, and did arrangements for Keith Urban, Rick Price, Grace Knight, Silverchair, and Col Joye. His wife was Andra Willis, a vocalist on The Lawrence Welk Show who had a successful career as a solo artist, with numerous hit singles. His sons, Jamie Muhoberac and Parrish Muhoberac, are well known session musicians, arrangers, producers, and engineers.

Selected discography
 Nancy & Lee Again (1972) Nancy Sinatra & Lee Hazlewood (arranger)
 Gratifaction / Can't Take My Eyes Off You (1973) Petula Clark (arranger, conductor)
 Woman (1973) Nancy Sinatra (arranger, band leader, piano)
 Cherry Smiles: The Rare Singles (2009) Nancy Sinatra (bandleader, piano)
 Frankie & Johnny (1966) Elvis Presley (keyboards)
 Paradise Hawaiian Style (1966) Elvis Presley (keyboards)
 Speedway (1968) Elvis Presley (keyboards)
 Stay Away Joe (1968) Elvis Presley (keyboards)
 Elvis: In Person At The International Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada [LIVE] April 1970 (keyboards)
 Elvis On Stage: February 1970 –LIVE- (keyboards)
 Rock Requiem (1971) Lalo Schifrin
 Stony End (1971) Barbra Streisand (keyboards)
 Summer Breeze (1972) Seals & Crofts (keyboards/arrangements)
 Diamond Girl (1973) Seals & Crofts (keyboards/arrangements)
 I Am I Said (1973) Neil Diamond (keyboards, arrangements)
 Take A Ten (1974) Masa Takagi (keyboards)
 Fresh Surrender (1976) The Archers (arrangements/keyboards)
 TNT (1978) Tanya Tucker (keyboards)
 Stand Up! (1979) The Archers (producer/arranger/keyboards)
 "America's Greatest Hero" (1981) Joey Scarbury (piano)
 Stormy Weather (1991) Grace Knight (producer/arranger)
 Neon Ballroom (1999) Silverchair (arranger)
 Diorama (2002) Silverchair (arranger)

Collaborations
 Tap Root Manuscript - Neil Diamond (1970)
 Stoney End - Barbra Streisand (1971)
 Barbra Streisand - Barbra Streisand (1971)
 Michael Franks - Michael Franks (1973)
 And the Feeling's Good - José Feliciano (1974)
 For My Love... Mother Music - José Feliciano (1974)
 Common Sense - John Prine (1975)
 Just Wanna Rock 'n' Roll - José Feliciano (1975)
 Music, Music - Helen Reddy (1976)
 The Painter - Paul Anka (1976)
 Listen to Your Heart - Paul Anka (1978)
 Songbird - Barbra Streisand (1978)
 Never Alone - Amy Grant (1980)
 It's the World Gone Crazy - Glen Campbell (1981)

References

External links
 Interview with Larry Muhoberac
 Funeral: Lawrence Gordon Muhoberac

American session musicians
TCB Band members
1937 births
2016 deaths
American rock keyboardists
American pianists
American music arrangers
American conductors (music)
American male conductors (music)
American expatriates in Australia
American male pianists

Larry Muhoberac


Edward Dayes (1763 in London – May 1804 in London) was an English watercolour painter and engraver in mezzotint.

Life

He studied under William Pether, and began to exhibit at the Royal Academy in 1786, when he showed a portrait and  views of  Waltham Cross and Canterbury. In the three following years he exhibited both miniatures and landscapes. He continued to exhibit at the Academy regularly until the year of his death, contributing a total of 64 works. He also was an exhibitor at the Society of Artists.

Dayes drew from nature in various parts of England, including the Lake District and Wales. Much of his topographical  work depicted ruins, painted in a palette dominated by blues and greens, which had an influence on the early work of J. M. W. Turner. He laid out detailed  rules for the correct method of laying down the colours in landscape in his  Instructions for Drawing and Colouring Landscapes,  published posthumously.  The art historian Graham Reynolds sees Dayes' work as "mark[ing] the transition from the  eighteenth to the nineteenth century".

Many of his drawings were crowded with figures; among these were two views of the interior of St. Paul's Cathedral on the occasion of the thanksgiving for the king's recovery in 1789, The Trial of Warren Hastings in Westminster Abbey, and Buckingham House, St. James's Park (1780), later hung in the South Kensington Museum. All these works were engraved. In 1798 Dayes began to show  scriptural subjects, such as The Fall of the Angels (1798), John preaching in the Wilderness (1799), the Triumph of Beauty (1800), and Elisha causing Iron to swim (1801).

He was draughtsman to the Duke of York and Albany. Thomas Girtin, was his pupil.

Dayes engraved at least four mezzotints, one after George Morland, another after John Raphael Smith, and two humorous scenes called Rustic Courtship and Polite Courtship. He wrote an Excursion through Derbyshire and Yorkshire, Essays on Painting, Instructions for Drawing and Colouring Landscapes, and Professional Sketches of Modern Artists.  He committed suicide at the end of May 1804. After his death his works were collected and edited by E. W. Bradley, and published for the benefit of his widow in 1805.

His wife painted miniatures and exhibited four works at the Royal Academy between 1797 and 1800.

References

Sources

External links

1763 births
1804 deaths
18th-century English painters
English male painters
19th-century English painters
English engravers
Suicides in Westminster
Painters who died by suicide
Place of birth missing
19th-century English male artists
1800s suicides
18th-century English male artists

Edward Dayes


Alticane is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Douglas No. 436, Saskatchewan, Canada, located at 52° 54' 18.0" N, 107° 29' 02.4" W, at an elevation of 710 meters.

Alticane was established in 1928 on the new Canadian National Railway branch line that ran between Speers and Mayfair.  In that year, the area post office, run by Mr. McKye, was moved from its previous location 2 miles southwest to the new location near the branch line, bringing the post office's name to the new town.  Alticane was named after Mr. McKye's home town in Scotland.

The town contained a Saskatchewan Pool grain elevator which has since been dismantled. The abandoned CNR branch line was also removed around 2015.  Alticane is now considered a ghost town with approximately one dozen abandoned houses remaining.  A cairn can be seen at the entrance to the town that commemorates the 70th (1998) reunion of the residents.

See also
 Twisted Trees

References

External links
 Photo gallery at Ghost Towns Canada
 Saskatchewan Cemeteries

Douglas No. 436, Saskatchewan
Unincorporated communities in Saskatchewan
Division No. 16, Saskatchewan

Alticane


Mary Gordon, C.M., B.A., (born 13 October 1947) is a Canadian educator, social entrepreneur, child advocate and parenting expert. She is the founder and president of both Roots of Empathy and Seeds of Empathy, non-profit evidence-based programs dedicated to promoting emotional literacy and empathy among children.

Biography
Gordon grew up in Newfoundland, but later moved to Toronto, Ontario. In her early career, she was a kindergarten teacher. In 1981, she founded Canada's first school-based Parenting and Family Literacy centres, which have become public policy in Ontario and are being used as a model for similar programs internationally.

In 1996, she founded Roots of Empathy, a classroom-based program for children in elementary school, and in 2005 she founded Seeds of Empathy, a related program for younger children in early childhood settings.

Selected works
Gordon's 2005 Canadian non-fiction bestseller, Roots of Empathy: Changing the World Child by Child, concerns child development and empathy and outlines the philosophy behind the Roots of Empathy program. It was ranked as one of the Top 100 Books of the Year in the category of "Ideas" by The Globe and Mail in 2006.

Speaking and consulting
Gordon is an international public speaker and often acts as an advisor for governments, educational organizations, and public institutions. She has presented on early childhood development to conferences organized by the World Health Organization, and the United States government, among others. She worked with the World Health Organization's Commission on the Social Determinants of Health's Knowledge Network for Early Childhood Development for their report Total Environment Assessment Model for Early Childhood Development. She was also invited to share her parenting expertise with the Nelson Mandela Children's Foundation in South Africa.

Gordon has twice been invited to meet with the Dalai Lama. Their first meeting was in 2006, at the Vancouver Dialogues, and their second was in 2008, in Seattle, Washington, as part of the Dalai Lama's Seeds of Compassion event. The Dalai Lama has said he believes programs such as Gordon's Roots of Empathy will build world peace.

Awards and appointments
Gordon is the recipient of several prestigious awards recognizing her contribution to innovation in education and international social entrepreneurship, including The Fraser Mustard Award and a Distinguished Canadian Educator Award. In 2002, she was selected as the first female Canadian Fellow in the Ashoka Foundation. an international organization that supports social entrepreneurs. She is currently a member of the Ashoka Foundation's board of directors. In 2006, she was invested as a Member of the Order of Canada. In July 2009, she was given the Public Education Advocacy Award by the Canadian Teachers' Federation. In 2018, she was appointed to the Order of Ontario, the province's highest honour,  for her work as a "social entrepreneur, educator, author, child advocate and parenting expert".

References

External links
 Roots of Empathy website

1947 births
Living people
Canadian educators
Canadian women educators
Members of the Order of Canada
Members of the Order of Ontario
Ashoka Canada Fellows

Mary Gordon (child advocate)


Glenda May Jackson  (9 May 1936 – 15 June 2023) was an English actress and politician. She was one of the few performers to achieve the American Triple Crown of Acting, having won two Academy Awards, three Emmy Awards and a Tony Award. A member of the Labour Party, she served continuously as a Member of Parliament (MP) for 23 years, initially for Hampstead and Highgate from 1992 to 2010, and Hampstead and Kilburn from 2010 to 2015, following boundary changes.

Jackson won the Academy Award for Best Actress twice, for the romance films Women in Love (1970) and A Touch of Class (1973), but she did not appear in person to collect either due to work commitments. She also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for Sunday Bloody Sunday (1971). Her other notable performances include Mary, Queen of Scots (1971), Hedda (1975), The Incredible Sarah (1976), House Calls (1978), Stevie (1978) and Hopscotch (1980). She won two Primetime Emmy Awards for her portrayal of Queen Elizabeth I in the BBC series Elizabeth R (1971). She received both the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and International Emmy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Elizabeth Is Missing (2019).

Jackson studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA). She made her Broadway theatre debut in Marat/Sade (1966). She received five Laurence Olivier Award nominations for her West End theatre roles in Stevie (1977), Antony and Cleopatra (1979), Rose (1980), Strange Interlude (1984) and King Lear (2016), the last being her first role after a 25-year absence from acting, which she reprised on Broadway in 2019. She won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her role in the revival of Edward Albee's Three Tall Women (2018).

Jackson ceased acting to take on a career in politics from 1992 to 2015, and was elected MP for Hampstead and Highgate at the 1992 United Kingdom general election. She was a junior transport minister from 1997 to 1999 during the first Blair ministry; she later became critical of Tony Blair. After constituency boundary changes, she represented Hampstead and Kilburn from 2010. At the 2010 general election, her majority of 42 votes, confirmed after a recount, was the narrowest margin of victory in Great Britain. Jackson stood down at the 2015 general election and returned to acting.

Early life
Jackson was born at 151 Market Street in Birkenhead, Cheshire, on 9 May 1936. Her mother named her after the Hollywood film star Glenda Farrell. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Hoylake, also on the Wirral. Her family were very poor and lived in a two-up two-down house with an outside toilet at 21 Lake Place. Her father Harry was a builder, while her mother Joan (née Pearce) worked in a local shop, pulled pints in a pub and was a domestic cleaner.

The oldest of four daughters, Jackson was educated at Holy Trinity Church of England and Cathcart Street primary schools, followed by West Kirby County Grammar School for Girls in nearby West Kirby. She performed in the Townswomen's Guild drama group during her teens. Jackson made her first acting appearance in J. B. Priestley's Mystery of Greenfingers in 1952 for the YMCA Players in Hoylake. She worked for two years in Boots the Chemists, before winning a scholarship in 1954 to study at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London. Jackson moved to the capital to begin the course in early 1955.

Acting career

1957–1968: Early career
In January 1957, Jackson made her professional stage debut in Ted Willis's Doctor in the House at the Connaught Theatre in Worthing. This was followed by Terence Rattigan's Separate Tables, while Jackson was still at RADA, and she began appearing in repertory theatre. She was also a stage manager at Crewe in repertory theatre.

From 1958 to 1961, Jackson went through a period of two and a half years in which she was unable to find acting work. She unsuccessfully auditioned for the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), and undertook what she later described as "a series of soul-destroying jobs". This included waitressing at The 2i's Coffee Bar, clerical work for a large City of London firm, answering phones for a theatrical agent, and a role at British Home Stores. She also worked as a Bluecoat at Butlin's Pwllheli holiday resort on the Llŷn Peninsula in North West Wales, where her new husband and fellow actor Roy Hodges was a Redcoat. Jackson eventually returned to repertory theatre in Dundee, but worked in bars in between acting jobs.

Jackson made her film debut in a bit part in the kitchen sink drama This Sporting Life (1963). A member of the RSC for four years from 1963, she originally joined for director Peter Brook's Theatre of Cruelty season, which included Peter Weiss' Marat/Sade (1965), where she played an inmate of an insane asylum portraying Charlotte Corday, the assassin of Jean-Paul Marat. The production ran on Broadway in 1965 and in Paris (Jackson also appeared in the 1967 film version). She appeared as Ophelia in Peter Hall's production of Hamlet the same year. Critic Penelope Gilliatt thought Jackson was the only Ophelia she had seen who was ready to play the Prince himself.

The RSC's staging at the Aldwych Theatre of US (1966), a protest play against the Vietnam War, also featured Jackson, and she appeared in its film version, Tell Me Lies. Later that year, she starred in the psychological drama Negatives (1968), which was not a huge financial success, but won her more good reviews.

1969–1980: Film and television
Jackson's starring role in Ken Russell's film adaptation of D. H. Lawrence's Women in Love (1969) led to her first Academy Award for Best Actress. Brian McFarlane, the main author of The Encyclopedia of British Film, wrote: "Her blazing intelligence, sexual challenge and abrasiveness were at the service of a superbly written role in a film with a passion rare in the annals of British cinema."

In the process of gaining funding for The Music Lovers (1970) from United Artists, Russell explained it as "the story of a homosexual who marries a nymphomaniac", the couple being the composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Richard Chamberlain) and Antonina Miliukova, played by Jackson. The film received mixed reviews in the US; the anonymous reviewer in Variety wrote of the two principals, "Their performances are more dramatically bombastic than sympathetic, or sometimes even believable." The Music Lovers was a box-office success in Europe, reaching No. 1 in the UK's weekly rankings in March 1971. It was the first of four films starring Jackson which topped the box-office charts in the UK. Jackson was initially interested in the role of Sister Jeanne in The Devils (1971), Russell's next film, but turned it down after script rewrites and deciding that she did not wish to play a third neurotic character in a row.

Jackson had her head shaved to play Queen Elizabeth I in the BBC's serial Elizabeth R (1971). After the series aired on PBS in the US, she received two Primetime Emmy Awards for her performance. She also played Queen Elizabeth in the film Mary, Queen of Scots; and gained an Academy Award nomination as well as a BAFTA Award for her role in John Schlesinger's Sunday Bloody Sunday (both 1971). In July, Sunday Bloody Sunday topped the UK box-office charts for two weeks. That year, British exhibitors voted her the sixth most popular star at the British box office. Jackson's popularity was such that 1971 saw her receive Best Film Actress awards from the Variety Club of Great Britain (who also rewarded her similarly in 1975 and 1978), the New York Film Critics and the US National Society of Film Critics.

Mary, Queen of Scots was premièred in December 1971 in Los Angeles and was the 1972 Royal Film Performance in Britain, attended by the Queen Mother, Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon. The film reached No. 1 in the UK box-office charts in April that year, a position it held for five consecutive weeks. Jackson made the first of several appearances with Morecambe and Wise in their 1971 Christmas special. Appearing in a comedy sketch as Cleopatra for the BBC Morecambe and Wise Show, she delivered the line, "All men are fools and what makes them so is having beauty like what I have got." Her later appearances included a song-and-dance routine (where she was pushed offstage by Eric), a period drama about Queen Victoria, and another musical routine (in their Thames Television series) where she was elevated ten feet in the air by a misbehaving swivel chair. Jackson and Wise also appeared in a 1981 information film for the Blood Transfusion Service.

Filmmaker Melvin Frank saw Jackson's comedy skills in the Morecambe and Wise Show and offered her the lead female role in his romantic comedy A Touch of Class (1973), co-starring George Segal, which was a UK box-office No. 1 in June 1973. In February 1974, Jackson's role in the film won her the Academy Award for Best Actress. She continued to work in the theatre, returning to the RSC for the lead in Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler. A later film version directed by Trevor Nunn was released as Hedda (1975), for which Jackson was nominated for an Oscar. In The New York Times, Vincent Canby wrote: "This version of Hedda Gabler is all Miss Jackson's Hedda and, I must say, great fun to watch ... Miss Jackson's technical virtuosity is particularly suited to a character like Hedda. Her command of her voice and her body, as well as the Jackson mannerisms, have the effect of separating the actress from the character in a very curious way."

In 1978, she scored box office success in the United States in the romantic comedy House Calls, co-starring Walter Matthau, with the film spending two weeks at No. 1 in the US box-office rankings. House Calls was the biggest box-office hit of her career in the United States. That year, she was awarded a CBE. In 1979, she reunited with her A Touch of Class colleagues Segal and Frank for the romantic comedy Lost and Found. Jackson and Matthau teamed again in the comedy Hopscotch (1980), which debuted at No. 1 in its opening weekend at the US box office, also spending its second week in the top spot.

For her 1980 appearance on The Muppet Show, Jackson told the producers she would perform any material they liked. In her appearance, she has a delusion that she is a pirate captain who takes over the Muppet Theatre as her ship.

1980–1991: Later acting career
Fifteen years after the New York engagement of Marat/Sade, Jackson returned to Broadway in Andrew Davies's Rose (1981) opposite Jessica Tandy; both actresses received Tony nominations for their roles.  In September 1983, The Glenda Jackson Theatre in Birkenhead was named in her honour. The theatre was attached to Wirral Metropolitan College, but demolished in 2005 following the establishment of a purpose-built site for students.

In 1985, she appeared as Nina Leeds in a revival of Eugene O'Neill's Strange Interlude at the Nederlander Theatre in a production which had originated in London the previous year and ran for eight weeks. John Beaufort for The Christian Science Monitor wrote: "Bravura is the inevitable word for Miss Jackson's display of feminine wiles and brilliant technique." Frank Rich in The New York Times thought Jackson, "with her helmet of hair and gashed features", when Leeds is a young woman, "looks like a cubist portrait of Louise Brooks", and later when the character has aged several decades, is "mesmerizing as a Zelda Fitzgeraldesque neurotic, a rotting and spiteful middle-aged matron and, finally, a spent, sphinx-like widow happily embracing extinction." Herbert Wise directed a British television version of O'Neill's drama which was first broadcast in the US as part of PBS's American Playhouse in January 1988.

In November 1984, Jackson appeared in the title role of Robert David MacDonald's English translation of Racine's Phèdre, titled Phedra, at The Old Vic. The play was designed and directed by Philip Prowse, and Robert Eddison played Theramenes. The Daily Telegraph's John Barber wrote of her performance, "Wonderfully impressive ... The actress finds a voice as jagged and hoarse as her torment". Benedict Nightingale in the New Statesman was intrigued that Jackson did not go in for nobility, but played Racine's feverish queen as if to say that "being skewered in the guts by
Cupid is an ugly, bitter, humiliating business". The costume which Prowse designed for Jackson's performance is in the Victoria and Albert Museum, and iconic photographs of Jackson in the role can be found online.

In 1989, Jackson appeared in Ken Russell's The Rainbow, playing Anna Brangwen, mother of Gudrun, the part for which she had won her first Academy Award twenty years earlier. The same year, she played Martha in a Los Angeles production of Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? at the Doolittle Theatre (now the Ricardo Montalbán Theatre). Directed by the playwright himself, this staging featured John Lithgow as George. Dan Sullivan in the Los Angeles Times wrote that Jackson and Lithgow performed "with the assurance of dedicated character assassins, not your hire-and-salary types" with the actors being able to display their character's capacity for antipathy. Albee was disappointed with this production, pointing to Jackson, whom he thought "had retreated back to the thing she can do very well, that ice cold performance. I don't know whether she got scared, but in rehearsal she was being Martha, and the closer we got to opening the less Martha she was!"

She performed the lead role in Howard Barker's Scenes from an Execution as Galactia, a sixteenth-century female Venetian artist, at the Almeida Theatre in 1990. It was an adaptation of Barker's 1984 radio play in which Jackson had played the same role.

2015–2023: Return to acting
In 2015, Jackson returned to acting following a 23-year absence, having retired from politics. She took the role of Dide, the ancient matriarch, in a series of Radio 4 plays, Blood, Sex and Money, based on a series of novels by Émile Zola. She returned to the stage at the end of 2016, playing the title role in William Shakespeare's King Lear at the Old Vic Theatre in London, in a production running from 25 October to 3 December. Jackson was nominated for Best Actress at the Olivier Awards for her role but ultimately lost out to Billie Piper. She won the Natasha Richardson Award for Best Actress at the 2017 Evening Standard Theatre Awards for her performance. Dominic Cavendish of The Telegraph wrote, "Glenda Jackson is tremendous as King Lear. No ifs, no buts. In returning to the stage at the age of 80, 25 years after her last performance (as the Clytemnestra-like Christine in Eugene O'Neill's Mourning Becomes Electra at the Glasgow Citizens), she has pulled off one of those 11th-hour feats of human endeavour that will surely be talked about for years to come by those who see it."

In 2018, Jackson returned to Broadway in a revival of Edward Albee's Three Tall Women, winning the 2018 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. Marilyn Stasio of Variety wrote, "Watching Glenda Jackson in theatrical flight is like looking straight into the sun. Her expressive face registers her thoughts while guarding her feelings. But it's the voice that really thrills. Deeply pitched and clarion clear, it's the commanding voice of stern authority. Don't mess with this household god or she'll turn you to stone."

Jackson returned to the role of King Lear on Broadway in a production that opened in April 2019. Director Sam Gold described her portrayal of Lear in The New York Times Magazine: "She is going to go through something most people don't go through. You're all invited. Glenda Jackson is going to endure this, and you're going to witness it."

In 2019, after a 27-year absence, Jackson returned to television drama, portraying an elderly grandmother struggling with dementia in Elizabeth Is Missing on BBC One, based on the novel of the same name by Emma Healey, for which she won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress and International Emmy Award for Best Actress.

In February 2021, it was reported that Jackson would star with Michael Caine in The Great Escaper, a film telling the true story of Bernard Jordan's escape from his care home to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the D-Day landings in France. Caine would play Jordan, with Jackson as his wife Rene. Caine and Jackson previously starred together in The Romantic Englishwoman (1975). Jackson had completed filming on The Great Escaper in September 2022; it was to be her last film. It was released on 6 October 2023.

In July 2022, the British Film Institute celebrated her film and television career with a month-long retrospective season at the BFI Southbank in London. As well as screenings of her work, the programme included Glenda Jackson in Conversation, in which she was interviewed about her career live on stage by broadcaster John Wilson.

Political career
Jackson joined the Labour Party in the early 1950s, at the age of 16. Her earlier campaigns were not party political. In 1978, she was one of the public figures who lent their name as a sponsor to the Anti-Nazi League. The same year, she appeared in a print advertisement for Oxfam. Jackson was on the executive of the National Association of Voluntary Hostels, and spoke at rallies for the housing charity Shelter. Human rights were also an area of interest, and she joined a demonstration outside the Indonesian Embassy to protest against the detention of political prisoners. She was involved in children's charities, as president of the Toy Libraries Association and as a programme narrator for UNICEF. She also gave time and money to a home for emotionally disturbed children in Berkshire run by former actress Coral Atkins.

Jackson was a supporter of the National Abortion Campaign, and organised a benefit evening for them at the Cambridge Theatre, which raised over £3,000. She also supported Una Kroll's Women's Rights candidacy for Sutton and Cheam in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election. In addition, Jackson made several appearances on BBC Radio 4's Any Questions? debate programme during this period of her career. She had considered becoming a social worker, and in 1979 began a social science degree at the Open University, but dropped out a few months later after falling behind with her essays. Jackson appeared in a number of charity films, including a production on behalf of International Year of the Child, Voluntary Service Overseas, and Oxfam. Other such films featured her campaigning against polio and the arms trade.

Labour Party
Jackson's name was linked to several parliamentary seats over the years; she was approached by a Constituency Labour Party (CLP) in Bristol to stand at the 1979 general election, but this did not materialise. An approach was also made to her about the possibility of being a candidate for the marginal Welsh seat of Bridgend at the 1983 general election, which she turned down to pursue a humanities degree at Thames Polytechnic. She dropped out before starting the course. She was seen in the refectory at Thames a few times, so she presumably started the course. In that election, she supported Paul Boateng and Ian Wilson, Labour's candidates for Hertfordshire West and Watford, respectively. She was also a member of the Arts for Labour group.

In 1986, Jackson visited Ethiopia as part of Oxfam's efforts to help with the famine there, and in 1989 she approached Voluntary Service Overseas about the chance of working in Africa for a couple of years. She got involved in the African National Congress campaign against apartheid in South Africa, and in September 1988 chaired a United Nations committee on the cultural boycott. Jackson appeared in a party political broadcast for Labour in February 1987. In June, she was present at a campaign rally with then Labour leader Neil Kinnock for the 1987 general election.

In December 1989, it was rumoured that Jackson had been approached by two branches of Leeds East CLP to succeed their Labour MP, Denis Healey. According to her biographer, Chris Bryant, she turned down this opportunity. In late 1989, two members of Hampstead and Highgate CLP got in touch with Jackson about the possibility of standing there. Despite having never been to a Labour ward meeting, she won over the local party, and triumphed in the ballot, which took place on 28 March 1990. Jackson defeated three candidates who were all politically to her left: Kate Allen (Ken Livingstone's partner and a Camden councillor), economic history lecturer Sarah Palmer (daughter of former Labour MP Arthur Palmer) and Maureen Robinson, a previous Mayor of Camden.

Jackson later stated that she felt Britain was being "destroyed" by the policies of the then prime minister of the United Kingdom, Margaret Thatcher, and the Conservative government, so that she was willing to do "anything that was legal" to oppose them. In November 1990, Thatcher stood down as prime minister and leader of the Conservative Party. She was replaced by John Major, who would lead the party into the next general election. At the time, Hampstead and Highgate was held by the Conservative Geoffrey Finsberg, who had announced his retirement as an MP. Finsberg had represented the constituency and its predecessor, Hampstead, since the 1970 general election, when he had gained it from the last Labour MP to be elected for the seat.

In Parliament
Jackson retired from acting in 1991 to devote herself to politics full-time as the prospective parliamentary candidate for Hampstead and Highgate. Although her party did not win the 1992 general election, as had been speculated, there was an above average swing to Labour in her constituency, and she gained the seat, narrowly beating the Conservative candidate Oliver Letwin, a former adviser to Thatcher. Jackson, whose campaign had been sponsored by the train drivers' union, ASLEF, was the first of Labour's 1992 intake to join the front bench when she became shadow transport minister in July 1996.

Following Labour's landslide victory in the 1997 general election, which saw her comfortably re-elected, she was appointed as a junior minister in the government of Tony Blair, with responsibility in the London Regional Transport. She resigned from the post in 1999 before an unsuccessful attempt to be nominated as the Labour candidate for the election of the first mayor of London in the 2000 London mayoral election. In the 2000 London Labour Party mayoral selection, she came a distant third behind Frank Dobson and Ken Livingstone, being eliminated in the first round of voting with 4.4% of the total. Jackson was once again re-elected to represent her constituency at the 2001 general election.

As a high-profile backbencher, Jackson became a regular critic of Blair over his plans to introduce higher education tuition fees in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. She also called for him to resign following the Judicial Enquiry by Lord Hutton in 2003 surrounding the reasons for going to war in Iraq and the death of government adviser David Kelly. At the subsequent 2005 general election, she held her seat, albeit with a reduced majority and a swing to the Conservatives, who had selected local councillor Piers Wauchope. By October 2005, her disagreements with Blair's leadership swelled to a point where she threatened to challenge the prime minister as a stalking horse candidate in a leadership contest if he did not stand down within a reasonable amount of time. On 31 October 2006, Jackson was one of 12 Labour MPs to back Plaid Cymru and the Scottish National Party's call for an inquiry into the Iraq War.

Her constituency boundaries changed for the 2010 general election. The Gospel Oak and Highgate wards became part of Holborn and St Pancras, and the new Hampstead and Kilburn constituency took in territory from Brent to include Brondesbury, Kilburn and Queens Park wards (from the old Brent East and Brent South seats). On 6 May 2010, Jackson was elected as the MP for the new Hampstead and Kilburn constituency by a margin of 42 votes over Conservative Chris Philp, with the Liberal Democrat candidate Edward Fordham less than a thousand votes behind them. She had the closest result in England, and the second smallest majority of any MP at the 2010 election. Jackson's seat was marginal for most of her time in politics, with the 1997 election being the only occasion on which she received an absolute majority of votes cast in the constituency.

In June 2011, Jackson announced that, presuming the UK Parliament elected in 2010 lasted until 2015, she would not seek re-election. She stated: "I will be almost 80 and by then it will be time for someone else to have a turn." The eventual election was held two days before her 79th birthday, 23 years after she had first entered the UK House of Commons. In April 2012, the London Evening Standard reported that, in 2007–2008 she claimed £136,793 in allowances despite turning up for only 27 per cent of votes and speaking in just two debates, and that in 2011 she had to repay more than £8,000 in expenses she had wrongly claimed.

On 10 April 2013, Jackson delivered a speech in the House of Commons following the death of Margaret Thatcher, which subsequently went viral. She accused Thatcherism of treating "vices as virtues" and stated that, because of Thatcherism, the UK was susceptible to unprecedented unemployment rates and homelessness, chronically underfunded schools and public services, and the closure of mental hospitals. Another speech of Jackson's went viral in June 2014 when she gave a scathing assessment of Iain Duncan Smith's tenure as Work and Pensions Secretary, telling him that he was responsible for the "destruction of the welfare state and the total and utter incompetence of his department".

Views
Jackson was a socialist, and was generally considered to be a traditional leftist during her political career, often disagreeing with the dominant Blairite governing Third Way faction in the Labour Party; she rebelled against her party in parliamentary votes on a number of occasions. She was also opposed to the politics of Arthur Scargill and the Militant tendency that dominated the party's battles in the 1980s. Jackson labelled Militant and Derek Hatton's politics as "self-indulgent crap", and she sent leader Neil Kinnock a congratulatory telegram after his high-profile 1985 Labour Party conference speech, in which he criticised the activities of Militant et al. Jackson opposed the British monarchy, and was a republican. The Guardians Simon Hattenstone summed up Jackson's views as "traditional Labour, solidarity, feminism". Jackson had been an outspoken feminist, criticising the lack of gender equality for women.

In the 1992 Labour Party leadership election, Jackson supported the successful candidate, John Smith. In the 1994 leadership election, she backed Tony Blair, who won the contest and subsequently became prime minister. Jackson voiced her support for Blair's successor Gordon Brown as prime minister in 2008. Brown appeared with Jackson on a campaign visit for the 2010 general election, with him describing her as "a very close friend". In the 2010 leadership election, with Brown having stood down, Jackson voted for David Miliband, considered to be more of a political moderate than his younger brother, Ed Miliband, a figure on the party's soft left who was ultimately elected as party leader. Following her departure from Parliament, the Labour Party elected Jeremy Corbyn as its leader. Jackson stated that she supported him "as a person", and would have nominated him in the 2015 leadership election. She qualified her support, adding: "Never in a million years would I have voted for him, though."

In the 1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum, Jackson voted against Britain continuing in the European Economic Community. She subsequently changed her mind on the issue, and supported Britain remaining in the European Union in the 2016 Brexit referendum. Despite this, she disagreed with calls for a second vote, such as by People's Vote. To this effect, she stated her admiration for the then prime minister Theresa May; when this subject matter was queried by the interviewer, The Guardians Emma Brockes, Jackson responded: "I've certainly admired her in the way she has handled herself over Brexit, yes! I do admire her for her tenacity, trying to deliver the referendum result to the people of our country, even though I disapproved of it."

Interviewed in July 2020, shortly after Keir Starmer had taken over as party leader from Corbyn, Jackson declared herself happy with him in the role. In July 2022, she commented on Starmer, saying: "I just wish Keir would get someone to help him develop his voice." She called it "one of his big drawbacks". That same month, she said that Parliament had not been welcoming to women when she was voted in during the 1992 general election.

Personal life

In 1957, Jackson met Roy Hodges, a stage manager and fellow actor in their repertory theatre company. The pair soon embarked upon a relationship. Jackson and Hodges were married on 2 August 1958 at St Marylebone Register Office in London. Their son, Daniel Pearce Jackson Hodges, was born in 1969; Jackson was six months pregnant when filming on Women in Love was completed. Daniel is a former Labour Party adviser and commentator, who works as a newspaper columnist for The Mail on Sunday. When told by her son that he was going to write for the conservative newspaper, Jackson replied, "Well, I'll have to emigrate!"

Jackson's marriage was running into difficulties by the early 1970s, and in 1975, she began an affair with Andy Phillips, the lighting director for the production of Hedda Gabler in which she was starring at the time. Hodges sued Jackson for divorce on the grounds of her adultery with Phillips in November that year, and they were divorced in 1976. Jackson and Phillips were in an on-off relationship until 1981. It was reported in 2016 that she had been "happily single for decades".

During the early years of her career, Jackson and her husband lived in Swiss Cottage, northwest London, an area she would later represent as an MP. In the late 1960s, the pair moved to Blackheath, southeast London. Later, she lived in a basement granny flat there, with her son, daughter-in-law and grandson upstairs. Jackson listed her interests in Who's Who as cooking, gardening and reading Jane Austen.

Death
Jackson died at her Blackheath home on 15 June 2023, at the age of 87 following a brief illness. In tribute to Jackson, on the day of her death, the BBC broadcast a repeat of This Cultural Life, her interview with John Wilson first shown in October 2022, followed by the 2019 drama Elizabeth Is Missing.

Acting credits

Awards and honours

Commonwealth honours
 Commonwealth honours

Scholastic
 Chancellor, visitor, governor, rector and fellowships

Honorary degrees

Notes

References

External links

 Glenda Jackson in conversation | BFI Q&A
 Camden Labour Party

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1936 births
2023 deaths
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Glenda Jackson


Robert Alexander Long (December 17, 1850 – March 15, 1934) was an American lumber baron, developer, investor, newspaper owner, and philanthropist. He lived most of his life in Kansas City, Missouri and founded Longview, Washington and Longville, Louisiana.

By 1906, Long owned  of pine in Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana and converted it into 61 lumberyards. As the timber land was deforested in Louisiana, he moved west to the state of Washington and bought  of Douglas fir. There he became a pioneer in reforestation. Long eventually owned many acres of land and buildings, spanning the United States from Washington D.C. to the state of Washington.

Early years

Long was born December 17, 1850, in Shelbyville, Kentucky, one of nine children born to Samuel M. Long and Margaret Kinkead White. His mother was a cousin of Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn and Luke P. Blackburn. Three of Long's older brothers, Thomas, E. S. and Belvard, served in the American Civil War but Robert was too young.

Long moved to Columbus, Kansas in 1873 where his uncle, C. J. White, was a banker. In 1874, Long met 19-year-old Martha Ellen Wilson. She was a Quaker and became a school teacher. After a year of courtship the two were married December 16, 1876. A son lived only a few weeks but the couple had two daughters. In 1879, Sally America Long (Ellis) was born, and in 1881 their youngest daughter, Loula Long (Combs; d. 1971) was born.

Career
Long started a hay bale company along with his cousin Robert White and a friend, Victor B. Bell; the hay venture failed but the three were able to sell the lumber from the hay sheds. Seeing that lumber was in demand they ordered more lumber. Business was good and the partners opened more yards. In 1877 the youngest partner, Robert White, died and the remaining partners bought out his share. Robert and Victor formed the Long-Bell Lumber Company in Columbus, Kansas.

While in Columbus, he bought  and developed a profitable coal mine with two shafts at Stone City. The location is found only on historical maps, as the town no longer exists today, but was just east of NW 40th street south of the junction of NW Meir road, which is northwest of Columbus.

Long-Bell Lumber Company
In 1887, Robert A. Long and Victor Bell formed the Long-Bell Lumber Company in Columbus, Kansas. The headquarters was moved to Kansas City where it remained until sold.

In 1889, Samuel H. Wilson, Robert's brother-in-law, that began with the company in 1887, took over the retail department, a position he held until his death on October 20, 1903. In 1891, the capital stock was increased to $500,000. The Long-Bell Lumber Company was vertically integrated from the forest to the lumber yard and became the world's largest lumber company in the early 20th century.

Long-Bell Lumber Company filed for bankruptcy in 1934, then filed a reorganization plan in the Kansas City federal court in 1935, after Long's death.

Louisiana
When the railroad entered Louisiana Robert Long was among the earliest to set up shop. He purchased land in many parts of the state to begin lumber harvesting to supply the needs of his giant lumber company.

In 1900, the Long-Bell Lumber Company organized the King-Ryder Lumber Company at Bon Ami, Louisiana. By 1904 the mill was producing 300,000 board feet of lumber daily which made it the largest in the area at the time. In 1903, Long-Bell organized the Hudson River Lumber Company in DeRidder and built a sprawling mill across the tracks from Washington street. Kansas City Southern Railroad and the Santa Fe Railway ran through Deridder.

On March 16, 1906, Long-Bell Company bought out two mills of the Bradley-Ramsey Lumber Company in Lake Charles. This included  and 36 miles of the Lake Charles and Leesville railroad and was renamed the Lake Charles and Northern Railroad. This purchase included seven locomotives and 120 log cars and a total of 58.599 miles of tracks. The new rail formed part of the Atlantic System of the Southern Pacific Company. In October 1906, a new location (sections 25 and 30, township 5, of range 8 west) was cleared along the route for the Longville Long Leaf Lumber Company and town. The company built the three-story, 60-room "Southern Hotel", 163 cottages for workers, a large commissary with $30,000 worth of supplies, an elementary and high school, a complete machine shop, roundhouse, car repair shop, and blacksmith shop. There was also a two-story fire department building, providing around the clock service, that started with a horse-drawn wagon then a fire truck, the First National Bank, a barbershop, and the Dixie Theater.

Circa 1913, Long-Bell acquired the Ludington Lumber Company and transferred 3000 acres (for $157,000) to shore up the stumpage (uncut lumber) reserve. When the mill burned in 1920, there were an estimated 2500 residents in the town meaning it rivaled Fullerton. With the stumpage reserve dwindled the mill was not rebuilt so the town began to disappear. The planer was converted to a hardwood flooring mill, which was moved to DeRidder in 1927 when all operation at Longville ceased.

 Unions

Unions had been operating in many industries, such as the railroads and coal mines in the United States as early as 1870, and played an important part in securing a better working environment and pay. Coal miners benefited from unions because their work under ground was poorly ventilated causing Pneumoconiosis also known as black lung (and even referred to as P-45),] was a fact of life. Railroad worker unions succeeded in getting rid of the "old man-killer" link and pin coupler.

Union organization began at Carson, Louisiana, led by Arthur Lee Emerson and Jay Smith in December 1910. Other areas such as Lake Charles, Merryville, and Eastern Texas soon followed. They met in Alexandria in June 1911 to established the Brotherhood of Timber Workers (BTW). The Southern Lumber Operators' Association'' had been created by member mills in 1906 to stop any future union organizations. The association took immediately plans to include lockouts, importing strikebreakers, hiring the Burns agency, Pinkerton detectives, and other steps with the purpose of destroying the union.

John Henry Kirby, that owned the American Lumber Company in Merryville, Louisiana, did hire agents to infiltrate the union. Other mills either imported workers or closed mills. After the incident at Grabow suspected union workers were fired. There were no laws to protect unions such as the Erdman Act for interstate railroad workers. The cases of Allgeyer v. Louisiana (1897), and the landmark case of Lochner v. New York (1905), called the Lochner era that did acknowledge that states have certain "police powers", but effectively took away a lot of state control, resulting in more company allowed controls. It was not until 1955, ending the Lockner era.

Employees of many sawmills were required to sign yellow-dog contracts to prove loyalty to the company and agree not to join unions. The union office in Merryville was destroyed, and within three months union activities ceased.

C. B. Sweet, of the Long-Bell Mills, chose not to honor the lockout. Sweet already paid his employees in cash and made other concessions and there did not appear to be any union action directed at the Long-Bell company sawmills in Louisiana. This was not to be the case with the Longview, Washington sawmill and other areas of the country.

Washington
He founded the city of Longview, Washington, a "planned city" built in 1923 near two of Long-Bell's lumber mills. He personally donated funds for the city's public library, first high school, train station, YMCA hall and its Hotel Monticello. The mills were advertised as the largest in the world.

A newspaper was planned along with the city and on January 27, 1923, the first issue of Longview News came off the press.

Long was the principal stockholder until his death on March 15, 1934, and in a family trust until 1947. In 1981 the paper won a Pulitzer Prize for coverage of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.

Other businesses
Long was an early investor in the Kansas City Southern Railroad, a source of transportation for his raw material and products. Longview Development Company was formed for handling real estate in Longview, Washington.

Structures affiliated with Long

Corinthian Hall
Long's home in Kansas City, named Corinthian Hall, was completed in 1911. The 72-room French Renaissance mansion, located on Gladstone Boulevard, was Kansas City's first million-dollar home, is now the Kansas City Museum. On November 14, 1980, the building was entered into the NRHP.

R. A. Long Building
In 1907 the R.A. Long Building, a Beaux-Arts skyscraper in downtown Kansas City was built at 928 Grand Avenue. On January 8, 2003, the building was listed in the NRHP.

Longview Farm
Longview Farm was built in 1913-1914, in eastern Jackson County, on the outskirts of Kansas City. The  farm had 42 buildings, 250 acres of clipped lawns, extensive flower beds, and four greenhouses; in later years fresh carnations and gardenias were shipped daily. Portions of the farm are now sites of Longview College and of Longview Lake. The farm was listed on the NRHP on October 24, 1985.

Liberty Memorial
Long was a driving force behind the creation of Kansas City's Liberty Memorial, a World War I museum and monument. He was the president of the Liberty Memorial Association and a major contributor. In less than a year the organization collected $2,500,000. The monument was dedicated on November 11, 1926.

R.A. Long High School
The R.A. Long High School was a gift to the city of Longview, Washington in 1923 from Robert Long. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic places. The school was one of several buildings that Long built from personal funds.

Associations
Long was involved in the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), as well as his family, until his death. Loula remained faithful to the Longview Chapel Christian church (Disciples of Christ) until she died and was celebrated as one of the longest attending members.

Long was active in several associations. Long was the president of the Southern Pine Association founded in 1915. The name was changed in 1970 to the Southern Forest Products Association with a division being the Southern Pine Council and is still active today. Long belonged to the National Lumber Manufacturers Association.

His other associations include:
The American Christian Mission Society
The National Brotherhood of Disciples of Christ
An organizer of the Pension Plan and Trustee of the Pension Fund of the Disciples of Christ
The Christian Board of Publication. A large publishing house for religious books of faith that he purchased.
The International Convention of Christian Churches
Men & Millions Movement of the Christian Church
Trustee of the Bible College of Missouri

Death and legacy
Long died on March 15, 1934. He was buried at Forest Hill Calvary Cemetery. In Longview, Washington, a bronze bust of Long, by Alonzo Victor Lewis, was placed in the renamed R. A. Long Park on August 24, 1946.

In 1956, International Paper Company (IP) purchased all remaining holdings of the Long-Bell Lumber Company and renamed it IP-Long-Bell. With the lumber depleted and the mill being antiquated, IP-Bell ceased operations in 1960 and the mills were dismantled and sold. Some of the giant old-growth beams were used to build Microsoft-founder Bill Gates' mansion in Medina on Lake Washington.

The R. A. Long Historical Society was formed in 2006.

See also
 Grabow Riot
 Hoit, Price and Barnes

References

Sources
 Biography of Robert Alexander Long from A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans, written and compiled by William E. Connelley, Secretary of the Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, copyright 1918
 Robert A. Long (PDF), speech by J.C. Nichols, April 30, 1925.
 History of Longview, Washington
 Liberty Memorial web site
 Kansascity.com
 "Ours to Give: The Long Legacy of an American Family", Video Documentary
 R. A. Long Historical Society
 Long history

External links

 R. A. Long Historical Society
 Corinthian Hall
 R. A. Long Portrait
 New Longview Foundation
 Articles about R. A. Long from VintageKansasCity.com

American philanthropists
American businesspeople in timber
1850 births
People from Longview, Washington
Businesspeople from Kansas City, Missouri
1934 deaths
Place of death missing
People from Shelbyville, Kentucky
People from Columbus, Kansas
Philanthropists from the Kansas City metropolitan area

Robert A. Long


Injimo Managreve is a former Chairman of the Council of Rotuma, the legislative body for the Fijian island dependency which enjoys a considerable degree of local autonomy.

Biography
Managreve was a strong supporter of the Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase's government's controversial Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill.  Subject to presidential approval, this Commission would have had the power to compensate victims and pardon perpetrators of events connected with or related to the civilian coup d'état which overthrew the elected government in May 2000.  Speaking after a Council meeting on 1 July 2005, Managreve said that forgiveness was a part of Rotuman culture.  He also said that it was important for Rotumans to support the national government, because their fate was linked to that of the country as a whole.  "We are being looked after by the Government and the GCC of Fiji and if anything happens to them we will also go down with them. That is why we are standing behind them and supporting them with their new Bill," he said.

References

Rotuman people
Fijian politicians

Injimo Managreve


Darcy Lever (c. 1759 – 1839) was a nineteenth-century British author and expert in seamanship, most well known for his work The Young Sea Officer's Sheet Anchor: Or a Key to the Leading of Rigging and to Practical Seamanship. The book, first published in 1808 with a second edition in 1819, became the standard authority on traditional rigging and seamanship throughout the century.

Biography
Lever was the eldest son of the clergyman  Rev. John Lever and a nephew of Sir Ashton Lever. Darcy Lever lived for many years in the town of Alkrington. He spent many years in India, working for the British East India Company, earning him a comfortable income. Sheet Anchor, his only publication, was written as a reference for general use by young officers in the East India Company and the Royal Navy, and is well known for its detailed engravings which illustrate each concept addressed in the text. Lever himself never served in the Navy, and had little direct experience with sailing; his book is largely the result of extensive research he conducted himself, including multiple interviews with experienced seamen. During the Napoleonic Wars, however, Lever served as Adjutant to the North Battalion of the Leeds Volunteers.

In his memoir, former U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant says he read Lever's work while at West Point.

References

Darcy Lever, The Young Sea Officer's Sheet Anchor: Or a Key to the Leading of Rigging and to Practical Seamanship, Dover Publications Inc., 1998, (John Harland, ed.)

1759 births
1839 deaths
19th-century British writers
Maritime writers

Darcy Lever (author)