Fuchai (reigned 495–473BC), sometimes also written Fucha, was the last king of the state of Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history. His armies constructed important canals linking the Yellow, Ji, and Huai River systems of the North China Plain with central China's Yangtze River, but he is most remembered in Chinese culture for the role he played in the legends concerning Goujian, the revenge-seeking king of Yue.

Life
Fuchai was the son of King Helü. He became king in 495 BC, following the death of his father from injuries sustained during an invasion of Yue.

In 494BC, Goujian, the king of Yue, heard rumours that Fuchai was planning to attack him in order to avenge the death of his father. Goujian's minister Fan Li advised caution, but Goujian decided on a pre-emptive strike. Fuchai in turn heard rumours of Goujian's plans and sent his army against Yue. The forces met at Fujiao where Wu won a complete victory, with only 5,000 Yue men surviving. These men fell back to Mount Kuaiji, with the Wu army occupying Kuaiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and then surrounding the mountain.

At Fan Li's suggestion, Goujian sent Wen Zhong to bribe the Wu chancellor, Bo Pi, in order to obtain more favourable terms. Bo accepted the gifts and promised to help Goujian's case. Because Fuchai had been more anxious to expand northward against Qi, he accepted Bo's advice to make a favourable peace with Yue rather than engage in the lengthy pacification campaign that would have been necessary to annex the state of Yue to Wu. After Fuchai withdrew his men from Yue, Goujian took his wife and Fan Li to the Wu court to serve his opponent. His hard work on Fuchai's behalf earned him the king's trust and favour, and Goujian was permitted to return to his kingdom after three years.

In 486BC, Fuchai's men built the Hangou Canal (t s Hángōu) to connect the Yangtze River with the Huai and, via the existing Honggou Canal (t s Hónggōu, "Canal of the Wild Geese"), with the Yellow River beyond. This eased their supply lines during Fuchai's war with Qi, which was concluded successfully at the Battle of Ailing.

During 483 and 482BC, Fuchai's men built the Heshui Canal (t s Héshuǐ Yùnhé) connecting the Si River, a tributary of the Huai, with the Ji, which ran parallel to the Yellow River through densely populated districts in what is now western Shandong.

In 482BC, Fuchai successfully challenged the duke of Jin for the status of hegemon in the regional lords' conference in Huangchi. However, while Fuchai was away in the north with his army, Goujian advanced his army into what was now defenceless Wu. It was said that Goujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping on straw with a sword beside his head and by tasting gall each morning (t s wò xīn, cháng dǎn). For ten years, he improved his realm's governance under Wen Zhong and its army under Fan Li, while personally inspiring his people by working his own fields as his wife made thread and wove by hand. His men defeated the Wu garrisons and killed Fuchai's heir Prince You. Fuchai hurried with his army to return south and sent an emissary ahead to come to terms with Goujian, which were accepted.

Goujian had decided that he would be unable to defeat Wu in a single campaign and returned home to further strengthen his army. He also took advantage of the further weakening of Wu, as Fuchai led an extravagant and dissipated life. Following Bo Pi's advice, Fuchai executed his faithful minister Wu Zixu. King Fuchai also became completely distracted from state affairs by the Yue beauty Xi Shi, who it was said had been sent to Wu specifically for this purpose by Goujian or his ministers.

In 473BC, Goujian's forces again attacked Wu and dealt repeated defeats on the Wu forces. Fuchai again sought terms, but Fan Li's opposition steeled Goujian's resolve. In the end, Fuchai was forced to commit suicide and Wu was annexed by Yue.

Legacy
Fuchai had at least four sons, three of whom were named You, Hong and Hui. You was his heir but was killed in the battles leading to the defeat of Wu, and Hong became the new heir. After the collapse of the state, the other three sons of Fuchai were exiled. They and their descendants took Wu as their clan name. Wu Rui, King of Changsha created by Emperor Gaozu of Han, was a descendant of the House of Wu. He was said to be descended from Fuchai.

The story of Goujian's revenge became proverbial in China, as did Xi Shi's beauty. Fuchai's wronged minister Wu Zixu has been credited as the inspiration for many of the festivities around the Dragon Boat Festival.

Family
Concubines:
 Xi Shi, of the Shi lineage of Yue (), personal name Yiguang ()

Sons:
 Crown Prince You (; d. 482 BC)
 Prince De ()

Daughters:
 A daughter whose personal name was Ziyu ()

Ancestry

References

Citations

Bibliography
 .
 .

473 BC deaths
Zhou dynasty nobility
Chinese kings
5th-century BC Chinese monarchs
Year of birth unknown
Monarchs of Wu (state)
Suicides in China
Ancient suicides
Heads of state who committed suicide

Fuchai of Wu


Tahsin or Tasin Gemil (born  September 21, 1943) is a Romanian historian, translator, diplomat, and politician. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 1990 and 1996, and was Ambassador to Azerbaijan (1998–2003) and Turkmenistan (since 2004). The author of over 100 works on the Ottoman Empire and Romanian history, he has translated into Romanian documents written in Ottoman Turkish. Gemil is a professor at the Ovidius University in Constanța (its Prorector since 2004).

Life and career
Born in Medgidia to an ethnic Tatar Muslim family, Gemil completed primary and secondary studies in his native town, and graduated from the Faculty of History and Philosophy at the University of Iași (1965), where he later received a PhD. He was employed by the A. D. Xenopol Institute of History and Archeology in Iași, and later by the Nicolae Iorga Institute of History in Bucharest. A native speaker of Crimean Tatar and Romanian, Gemil has studied Ottoman and Modern Turkish, Turkmen, and Azerbaijani, as well as having a grasp of English, French, Uzbek, Kazakh and Kyrgyz.

In the months following the 1989 Revolution, he joined the new provisional governing authority, CPUN, created around the National Salvation Front. After the 1990 legislative election, he represented Constanța County in the Chamber, sitting with the Turkish Democratic Union (UDTR) group, serving on the Committee for Education, Science, Youth and Sport, as well as on the Committee on Human Rights, Religious Affairs and National Minority Issues. He was among the founding members of the Democratic Union of Turco-Islamic Tatars of Romania (UDTTR), and its first president, being reelected for the same constituency in the 1992 suffrage (after which Gemil was Secretary of the Education Committee). He was among the members of Parliament on the delegation sent to the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation.

Tahsin Gemil is married to Nafiye Gemil, and has fathered a daughter (born in 1970).

References

External links
Turkmenistan. Foreign Embassies, Missions and International Organizations, at the United States Embassy in Ashgabat site
"Gemil Tasin/Джамил Тасин", at Turkmenistan/Tatarlar

Ambassadors of Romania to Azerbaijan
Ambassadors of Romania to Turkmenistan
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
Romanian politicians of ethnic minority parties
People from Medgidia
20th-century Romanian historians
Romanian Muslims
Romanian translators
Romanian people of Crimean Tatar descent
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni
1943 births
Living people
21st-century Romanian historians

Tahsin Gemil


Kigulu is one of the five traditional principalities of the kingdom of Busoga in Uganda. It is located in the Iganga District.

It was founded around 1737 and became a part of the British protectorate in Busoga in 1896. Its ruler is known as the Ngobi. From 1809 to 1899, part of its territory was independent as the chiefdom of Kigulu-Buzimba.

References

History of Uganda

Kigulu


Henry "Butch" Miller (born June 5, 1952) is an American retired stock car racing driver. He is a multi-time champion in the now-defunct American Speed Association stock car series.

NASCAR

Early career
In 1985, Miller ran his first Busch Series races, driving for LeRoy Throop, driving the No. 08 MSW Spyders Pontiac in four events. He made four races, and had a 2nd-place finish at Bristol Motor Speedway. The next year, in 1986, he went to victory lane at the Indianapolis Raceway Park. That same season, he made his Winston Cup debut, finishing 16th in his first race. He ran two Cup races the next season for Throop, and then two races in the No. 31 Slender You Figure Salons Oldsmobile for Bob Clark in 1988. In 1989, he returned to Throop in the No. 51 for nine races. Despite getting sponsorship from Fruit of the Loom, he was only able to finish two races. He signed with Travis Carter Enterprises to drive the No. 98 Chevrolet Lumina for 1990, with sponsorship from Banquet Foods, IGA, and Piggy Wiggly. He drove in the first 23 races of the season, and had a career-best 8th-place finish at Pocono Raceway, but was released near the end of the season.

He ran his first full Busch Series season in 1991, beginning in the No. 52 31-W Insulation Oldsmobile/Chevy with Day Enterprise Racing. He won his most recent race early in the season at Hickory, but left in the middle of the season to join the No. 75 Food Country U.S.A. Oldsmobile for Henderson Motorsports. In 1992, as he scored 10 top tens and finished 7th in points. He ran nine races in 1993 before he was released, and spent the rest of the season out of NASCAR. He ran two Cup races in 1994, driving the No. 55 Ford Thunderbird for RaDiUs Racing.

Truck Series
In 1995, he joined the fledgling Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 98 Raybestos Ford for Liberty Racing. He won a race at Colorado National Speedway beating Mike Skinner by 0.001 seconds in the closest finish in series history and finished 4th in points. He continued to run full-time through 1998. He stayed with Herrick until the latter part of 1996, where he ran some races for Ernie Irvan and Walker Evans. He signed with Evans full-time for the 1997, where he had twelve top-tens in the No. 20 Orleans Hotel & Casino Ford. In 1998, Miller moved to L&R Racing as driver of the No. 18 Dana Dodge Ram. He fell to fifteenth in points, but took the No. 18 and Dana to Bobby Hamilton Racing for the 1999 season. Miller made nine races in 1999 for Hamilton when he resigned from the team to move back to the Busch Series, replacing Stanton Barrett in the No. 40 Channellock Chevy for Galaxy Motorsports. He had two top-ten finishes in six starts, but after two consecutive DNQ's, he was released.

Miller also won the Snowball Derby, a prestigious late model race, in 1987.

Return to racing
After that season, Miller stayed out of driving until 2002, serving briefly as crew chief for Larry Foyt's ASA team, as well serving as a broadcaster for ASA races. He returned to the Truck Series at Daytona International Speedway, finishing seventeenth in the No. 61 Delco Remy/Team Rensi Motorsports Chevrolet Silverado. A few weeks later, he returned to Henderson and the Busch Series and made ten starts, his best finish being a fifteenth. After another year out of the series, he returned to drive a pair of Truck races in the No. 20 Timber Wolf for Ken Weaver and No. 08 ASI Limited for Gene Christensen, respectively. The following season, he drove in three races for Green Light Racing, and had a tenth-place finish at Mansfield Motorsports Park. He ran another pair of races for Green Light in 2006, but could not finish higher than 26th. After another season off, he drove in nine races for Green Light in the No. 0/No. 07 Silverado for SS-Green Light, but did not finish a race. Miller drove for SS-Green Light on and off between 2009–2011, but primarily served under the role of crew chief to the multitude of young drivers piloting the No. 07.

Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Winston Cup Series

Daytona 500

Busch Series

Camping World Truck Series

ARCA Talladega SuperCar Series
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

References

External links

Living people
1952 births
Sportspeople from Ottawa County, Michigan
Racing drivers from Michigan
NASCAR drivers
American Speed Association drivers
Motorsport announcers
ARCA Menards Series drivers

Butch Miller (racing driver)


Terry Moore (born Helen Luella Koford; January 7, 1929) is an American movie, television, and stage actress. She is known for her roles in Mighty Joe Young and in Come Back Little Sheba. She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1952.

Moore was born on January 7, 1929 in Glendale, California.

Other websites

1929 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Glendale, California
20th-century American people
21st-century American people
Actors from Los Angeles
American Latter Day Saints
American models
American screenwriters
Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners
Child actors

Terry Moore (actress)


The Geelong Customs House is a bluestone and freestone classical style public building in Geelong, Victoria, built in 1855. It replaced a small timber prefabricated building of 1838, which was later relocated to the Geelong Botanic Gardens.

The Customs House was erected near the Geelong foreshore to serve the needs of the colonial administration during the peak of the gold rushes. The building was designed by John James Clark and constructed by William Crocker Cornish in April 1855. The Geelong Customs House is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, and City of Greater Geelong Heritage Overlay. The building is no longer used for its original purpose, but was restored in 2012, winning a National Trust Award, and now houses offices and the 'Custom House Restaurant and Wine Bar'.

References

Customs houses in Australia
Buildings and structures in Geelong
Neoclassical architecture in Australia
Heritage-listed buildings in Greater Geelong

Geelong Customs House


Scooby-Doo! First Frights is a platform video game developed by Torus Games and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. The game released alongside the DVD release of Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins. The game features Scott Innes as Shaggy, and the other three main voice-cast members returning from What's New Scooby Doo? This is the fourth Scooby-Doo video game to use a laugh track. A successor to the game, Scooby-Doo and the Spooky Swamp, was released in 2010.

Gameplay
Scooby-Doo! First Frights is a 3D linear platformer with light puzzle elements, and the gameplay and interface are highly reminiscent of TT Games' Lego game series. Players can choose to control either Scooby-Doo, Shaggy, Velma, Daphne or Fred.  Scooby has a sausage string to hit with, blocking capability, and the ability to crawl into vents. Shaggy shoots with a slingshot, has blocking capability, and carries a yo-yo to grapple with. Velma throws books, has blocking capability, and can activate machines. Daphne has hand-to-hand combat, flying kick, and can climb up poles. Fred has hand-to-hand combat, stun bombs, and super strength to push crates. Each character has 2 costumes unique to each episode, and one obtainable with a code, with different powers and weapons.

The game's 22 levels are separated into four "episodes." Each level has a clue, and at the end of each episode the player must choose who they think the villain is, based on the evidence they have gathered. Trophies and costumes are rewarded for doing certain tasks. The game can also be played in multiplayer co-op.

Plot
The game begins with the Mystery, Inc. gang at their clubhouse located in a swamp. Velma arrives with a newspaper, announcing to the gang that there will be a food festival at Keystone Castle. Scooby and Shaggy like the idea of going, but Daphne reminds them that they promised to help her cousin Anna at the St. Louis High School Talent Show. Scooby and Shaggy want to help her, but they plan to get it done quickly so they can go to the food festival.

The first "episode" takes the gang to St. Louis High school, where they are informed by Anna that a Phantom has been haunting the school with an army of skeletons and scaring everybody out. The gang investigates and soon confronts the Phantom and stops his plot to ruin the talent show, which conflicts with a sports carnival on the same day. The player is then presented with the whodunit minigame, where they can get monster mask trophies. In Episode 2, the gang heads out to a local amusement park so Scooby-Doo and Shaggy can practice their eating for the food festival, only to find out upon their arrival that the place is closed. After deciding to investigate, they also find out the place is overrun with evil toys that are attacking the park. They search a nearby toy factory while avoiding the toys there, and soon manage to defeat their leader, a toymaker controlling a giant robot. In Episode 3, the group goes to a local seaside town named Rocky Bay, which is being terrorized by a sea monster. After investigating throughout the town and on a mysterious ghostly cruise ship at sea, they encounter the "sea monster", a giant mechanical lobster, in the ship's flooded bowels and stop its pilots' plot to steal valuable pearls from a nearby reef.

The final episode has the gang arriving at Keystone Castle, only to find the Baron paranoid about the spirit of an evil enchantress who has begun sending scary monsters to attack the castle and get him. They learn from the baron's sister, Lady Azarni, and later the baron himself that the enchantress put a spell on the family years ago that causes the castle barons to suffer terrible fates. While investigating, the gang discover a gold mine underneath the castle. They soon confront and manage to defeat the enchantress and the castle collapses. After the gang tells to the baron that Lady Azarni planned to get rid of him to keep the gold for herself, the baron reveals he doesn't have a sister and that Lady Azarni was never really there, to which Velma declares it is a mystery that will have to remain unsolved. Shaggy and Scooby then finally get to go to the food festival.

Reception

First Frights was met with very mixed reception upon release. GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 58.83% and 56 out of 100 for the Wii version; 53.67% and 54 out of 100 for the DS version; and 53.33% and 53 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version.

References

External links

2009 video games
3D platform games
Action-adventure games
Cooperative video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo DS games
PlayStation 2 games
Puzzle-platform games
Video games based on Scooby-Doo
Video games developed in Australia
Warner Bros. video games
Wii games
Windows games
Cartoon Network video games
Torus Games games

Scooby-Doo! First Frights


Jaguar is a Spanish drama streaming television series created by Ramón Campos and Gema R. Neira for Netflix. It stars Blanca Suárez, Iván Marcos, Francesc Garrido, Adrián Lastra and Óscar Casas. Its first season was released on 22 September 2021.

Premise
Set in the 1960s, where Spain housed hundreds of Nazi refugees after World War II, Isabel Riaza, a Spaniard who managed to survive the Mauthausen extermination camp, is on the trail of Otto Bachmann, known as the most dangerous man in Europe. On that trip, she discovers that she is not alone in her mission and joins a group of agents in search of justice.

Cast

Production and release
Jaguar was created by  and Gema R. Neira. Produced by Bambú Producciones, Ramón Campos and Teresa Fernández-Valdés were credited as executive producers. Alongside Campos and Neira, David Orea, Salvador S. Molina and Moisés Gómez completed the writing team. Directed by  and Jacobo Martínez, the series began filming on 7 August 2020. Besides Madrid, footage was also shot in the provinces of Almería (Cabo de Gata Natural Park), Toledo (Villaseca de la Sagra) and Segovia (El Espinar).

Consisting of 6 episodes featuring a running time of around 40–50 min, the first season was fully released on Netflix on 22 September 2021.

Episodes

Reception

Reviewing for HobbyConsolas, Raquel Hernández Luján resented the general approach, which she deemed to be "quite frivolous and even infantile". She also pointed out at the "hieratical" performance of Blanca Suárez, not suited for the role. She praised the blend of different genres and conceded the series was nonetheless addictive and entertaining, even if it could not be taken seriously (pretension of the series notwithstanding). Reviewing for El Español'''s Series & Más, Javier Zurro commented that the series tried to be many different things, and lacking definition, none of them worked. He contrasted the solemn pomposity  of many scenes to, for example, the "delirious" credits teasing a sense of exploitation. He valued positively that Bambú "took a step forward" by taking some distance from the whitewashing of Spanish history (in this case, Francoism) previously criticised in other Bambú historical dramas such as Velvet or Cable Girls. Reviewing for La Vanguardia'', Pere Solà Gimferrer deemed the series to be too conventional, credits notwithstanding. He commented that the series could not escape from "commonplaces about trauma, the experiences in the extermination camps or the dilemma between justice and revenge".

References

External links

Spanish-language Netflix original programming
2020s Spanish drama television series
2021 Spanish television series debuts
Television shows set in Spain
Television series set in the 1960s
Television series by Bambú Producciones

Jaguar (TV series)


Women Against Violence in Pornography and Media (WAVPM) was a feminist anti-pornography activist group based in San Francisco and an influential force in the larger feminist anti-pornography movement of the late 1970s and 1980s.

History
WAVPM was organized in January 1977, following the San Francisco Women's Centers Conference on Violence Against Women. Founding members included Laura Lederer, Lynn Campbell, Diana Russell, Kathleen Barry, and Susan Griffin.

It became highly active in San Francisco, picketing strip clubs and peep shows in San Francisco's red-light districts. Its first public political action was a picket of the Mitchell Brothers O'Farrell Theatre, a strip club and live sex venue. The specific target of the protest was the theater's Ultra Room, which was a live show that featured women performing sadomasochistic acts on one another. WAVPM objected to "women beat[ing] each other for men's sexual stimulation." WAVPM also sponsored educational tours of pornography stores and peep shows in San Francisco's red-light districts and anti-pornography slide shows, both forms of activism later adopted by other anti-pornography feminist groups, notably Women Against Pornography in New York City.

WAVPM, like later anti-pornography feminists, was also strongly opposed to BDSM, seeing it as ritualized violence against women, and took a particularly active role in opposing it within the lesbian community. This set them on a direct collision course with Samois, an early lesbian sadomasochist group who WAVPM strongly rebuked and whose functions they sometimes picketed. Samois members felt strongly that their way of practicing SM was entirely compatible with feminism, and held that the kind of feminist sexuality advocated by WAVPM was conservative and puritanical. Samois openly confronted WAVPM with their position, and the exchanges between Samois and WAVPM were among the earliest battles of what later became known as the Feminist Sex Wars.

The group organized the first national conference of anti-pornography feminists in San Francisco in November 1978. The conference concluded with the first-ever Take Back the Night march. Andrea Dworkin gave a speech at the rally, and then about three thousand women marched through the red light district in protest of rape and pornography.

After the conference, Susan Brownmiller approached Laura Lederer and Lynn Campbell and encouraged them to come to New York City to help in organizing Women Against Pornography. Lederer decided to stay in San Francisco to edit an anthology based on the conference presentations, but Campbell took up the offer and left for New York in April 1979.

WAVPAM became less active soon after Campbell's departure, though the group stayed active for several more years. At its peak, the group had over 1000 members. The group became mired in disagreements over stances on non-violent pornography, free speech issues, and attempts to reconcile with sex worker and lesbian BDSM activists, as well as having problems with fundraising and mounting debt. WAVPM disbanded in 1983.

References

1977 establishments in California
1983 disestablishments in California
Anti-pornography feminism
Censorship of pornography
Feminist criticism of BDSM
Feminism in California
Feminist organizations in the United States
Organizations based in San Francisco
Organizations disestablished in 1983
Organizations established in 1977
Women's political advocacy groups in the United States


Captain Boomerang (George "Digger" Harkness) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character is an enemy of both the Barry Allen and Wally West versions of The Flash. It was created by writer John Broome and artist Carmine Infantino. Captain Boomerang first appeared in The Flash #117 (December 1960). He has also been a known member of the Suicide Squad since its second iteration.

Digger Harkness is portrayed in the Arrowverse live-action DC television shows by Nick E. Tarabay, and by Jai Courtney in the 2016 Suicide Squad movie and returned in the sequel set in the DC Extended Universe.

Other websites
 "Captain Boomerang" Arrowverse Wiki.

DC Comics characters

Captain Boomerang


Ji Xiaocheng (; 2 November 1923 – 23 October 2019) was a Chinese paediatrician who served as Director of Paediatrics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. In the early 1980s, he introduced perinatal medicine to China from the United States, and co-founded China's first neonatal intensive care unit at PUMC Hospital.

Biography
Ji Xiaocheng was born in November 1923 in Renqiu, Hebei, Republic of China. He studied at Beijing Medical College under professor Zhu Futang, and graduated in 1948. He went to the Soviet Union in 1955 to study at the Leningrad Institute of Paediatrics, where he earned an associate doctor degree three and half years later.

Ji worked at the Institute of Paediatrics of Beijing Children's Hospital after returning to China. In 1961, he was transferred to the Department of Paediatrics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, where he worked under doctors Zhou Huakang 周华康 and Lin Qiaozhi. He served as deputy director and then director of the department from 1982 to 1985.

After the People's Republic of China and the United States established diplomatic relations in 1979, Ji was sponsored by the China Medical Board to study modern medical practices in the United States at the University of California, San Diego. Upon returning to China, he introduced perinatal medicine to the country, and together with doctors Zhou Huakang and Zhao Shimin 赵时敏, established China's first neonatal intensive care unit at PUMC Hospital.

From 1985 to 1989, Ji organized ten Chinese hospitals to participate in the perinatal medicine program of the United Nations Population Fund and helped propagate modern perinatal practices in China.

Personal life
Ji married in 1944 to a college classmate. His wife worked in the Ministry of Health and predeceased him. The couple had two daughters.

Ji retired in 1991. He died on 23 October 2019, aged 95.

References

1923 births
2019 deaths
Chinese paediatricians
People from Cangzhou
Peking University alumni
Academic staff of Peking Union Medical College
Chinese expatriates in the Soviet Union
Chinese expatriates in the United States
Physicians from Hebei

Ji Xiaocheng


Bad Mojo is an adventure video game by Pulse Entertainment, released in 1996. The player is cast as Roger Samms, an entomologist planning to embezzle money from a research grant to escape his sordid life above an abandoned bar. An accident with his mother's enchanted locket unleashes a curse — the titular bad mojo — that turns him into a cockroach. The storyline in Bad Mojo is loosely based on Franz Kafka's 1915 novella The Metamorphosis; Roger Samms' name is an imperfect anagram of the lead character's in Metamorphosis (Gregor Samsa), and a cat called Franz appears in the game. The gameplay consists of guiding the cockroach through a series of puzzles.

Got Game Entertainment re-released the game in December 2004 as Bad Mojo Redux, packaging it with a DVD containing a variety of extra material.

Plot
The story takes place in 1995 in a rundown bar owned by Eddie Battito. Roger, one of Eddie's tenants, has stolen a million dollars worth of loan money from a science corporation he had previously worked for and is planning to leave for Mexico City to start a new life. But after a small argument with Eddie, he remembers a little trinket that he had gotten in his early childhood: a cockroach-patterned locket that belonged to his deceased mother, Angelina. Upon its discovery, the locket transforms Roger's soul into a cockroach, and transports him to a mysterious sewer system connected to every section of the bar. His adventure takes him to the basement (which is also Eddie's bedroom), the bathroom, the kitchen, the bar room, Roger's room and finally his research room. As the roach (Roger) explores a world filled with danger at every turn, including rats, garbage disposals, and his own pet cat, Franz, he is constantly being guided by his mother's spirit, who serves as an oracle.

The game explores the sad past of both Roger and Eddie, revealing that Roger had been abandoned to an abusive nun, was the center of bullying as a young man, and was never taken seriously by his superiors. Eddie has had just as bad a life, having his beloved wife die during childbirth and giving up his son out of grief and his livelihood stumbling. Eddie does not realize that his wife, Angelina, was Roger's mother, nor does Roger know that Angelina was Eddie's wife. During Roger's exploration, he is forced to extinguish the pilot light to a gas stove in the kitchen to save a baby cockroach that, in turn, assists him in jamming the garbage disposal with a spoon. This act eventually causes the whole bar to be filled with gas. Roger must then set off a smoke detector to wake Eddie and then finally reach the locket in his own unconscious body's hand. With both men safely out of the bar when it explodes, Roger and Eddie discover that they are, in fact, father and son, which was exactly as the oracle planned.

There are four possible endings to the storyline. If Eddie makes it out and Roger doesn't (if Eddie is warned of the fire but Roger is left on the floor), Eddie ends up as a homeless drunk. If Roger makes it out and Eddie doesn't, Roger tries to flee the country but is caught, charged with Eddie's murder, and remanded to an asylum for the criminally insane. If neither make it out, the ghost of Angelina narrates, telling of the death of both men, the destruction of the bar for urban renewal and that the ghosts of all three souls haunt the area where their dreams died. If both of them make it out, Eddie recognizes the cockroach locket (that contains a photo of Angelina) and they reconcile as re-united father and son before both reveal the truth about their past. The family is reunited and they travel together to Mexico with the embezzled money, which Eddie uses to buy a new bar while Roger sets up a small lab to study roaches.

Gameplay
The game begins in an underground hub with pipes to all the different rooms, which are sealed except one. By navigating from one room to another, the player unlocks the pipe to that room for easier backtracking. Roger is controlled solely using the directional arrow keys. As a cockroach, he can move small objects like cigarettes and bottle tops or weigh down precariously placed items.

In each room, there are hazards to avoid, lethal barriers to get around and puzzles to solve. The presence of hazards and ways to navigate to certain areas can be determined by observing other cockroaches. The player has four lives. A life is lost when Roger makes contact with  anything deadly. When all lives are depleted, the player is sent back to the underground hub and must start the last room reached from the beginning (although the state of objects stays as the player last changed them).

A symbol of a flaming eye can often be found near living creatures, such as other cockroaches. Touching the eye causes the creature to provide hints to progress through visions and verse (voiced by Angelina). Background objects tell more about the characters and their history.

Development
Bad Mojos development was troubled: director Vinny Carrella noted that there was "a pall over the production" and "no happiness, just pain". The original designer Drew Huffman came up with concept of having a small character in the gameplay due to the technical slowdowns on computers at the time. To begin with, the game was codenamed the "Booger Project". Huffman and Vincent Carella were brainstorming the game with Phill Simon taking inspirations from their experience with cockroach infestations, Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis and the 1946 film It's a Wonderful Life. The puzzles that were implemented focused on realism and the capabilities of a cockroach.

For graphics, the team used a mixture of CG and live action. It took a lot of study and modelling to get realistic looking roach graphics in the game animating the walk cycles frame by frame. About 720 screens in the game were produced. Parts of the cutscenes were created using Swivel 3D.

Some elements in the game required some specialists. A professional cat wrangler and trainer was hired to move the cat on the set and insurance was also required for the cat. The German cockroaches were provided by the Carolina Biological Supply Company. Controlling the roaches required a freezer to slow down their activity. The rat was caught and killed by an exterminator. The live catfish were bought from a fishmonger in Chinatown, San Francisco. During the production, a few animals were harmed, including a tarantula.

The game features a substantial electronic music soundtrack composed and performed by the American electro-industrial artist Xorcist, which has also written soundtracks for other CD-ROM games, notably Iron Helix.

Release
By early 1996, a demo of the game was released featuring a trailer, text plot and a short gameplay with only five screens of the basement.

The game was planned for development for the Sega Saturn. Shortly after the release of the game for PC, Acclaim Entertainment announced they would publish a port of the game for the Saturn. However, it was never released, and it has not been confirmed that development on it ever began.

Got Game Entertainment re-released the game in December 2004 as Bad Mojo Redux. All in-game videos were remastered from original footage. Redux runs in truecolor only, opposed to the 1996 release which required only 256-color mode. This change makes the videos clearer and more colorful. The re-release also came with a bonus DVD, which contained a making-of, art galleries and other bonuses. This DVD was omitted from the UK release.

The game was distributed by Nightdive Studios, who released the game in the digital storefront Steam on July 3, 2014, while GOG.com added it to their store on 22 May 2014.

On 2019, Xorcist released a vinyl soundtrack of the game´s soundtrack.

Reception

According to co-producer Alex Louie, the original 1996 release of Bad Mojo was commercially successful. Following the game's launch, Macworld reported that it was "selling steadily." By February 1997, roughly 12 months after its release, its sales had reached 175,000 units. Louie said in 2004 that he was "pretty sure we sold over 200,000 units" by the end of Bad Mojos shelf life. It also received accolades from critics. Inside Mac Games nominated Bad Mojo as its pick for 1996's best adventure game, but ultimately presented the award to Titanic: Adventure Out of Time. Conversely, the editors of Macworld gave Bad Mojo their 1996 "Best Role-Playing Game" award. Steven Levy of the magazine called it "an amazing experience". In 2011, Adventure Gamers named Bad Mojo the 30th-best adventure game ever released.

Arinn Dembo, writing for Computer Gaming World, gave the game 4 stars. MacAddict magazine gave the game its highest rating of "Freakin' Awesome", with reviewer Kathy Tafel praising the game's world as "rich" and saying that it was "both amusing and disgusting." A reviewer for Maximum opined that the game's unique and eerie story and presentation make it a compelling experience in spite of the limited gameplay. However, he felt that the lack of longevity was a major downside. A reviewer for Next Generation commented that "Bad Mojo isn't the best graphic adventure, but it's got something that counts a long ways - peculiarity. ... no other adventure has been as willing to show the savage gruesomeness of mankind's sloth."

The editors of PC Gamer US presented Bad Mojo Redux with their "Best Adventure Game 2004" award. Chuck Osborn of the magazine wrote that it "remains as inventive and resourceful as ever — and [is] ultimately better than any other adventure released this year."

References

External links
Official site (archived)
Got Game Entertainment entry on Bad Mojo

1996 video games
Acclaim Entertainment games
Adaptations of works by Franz Kafka
Adventure games
Full motion video based games
Cancelled Sega Saturn games
Classic Mac OS games
Video games about shapeshifting
Video games about insects
Windows games
Video games set in 1958
Video games developed in the United States
Got Game Entertainment games
Single-player video games

Bad Mojo


John Luman Smith (born June 5, 1969) is an American attorney who has served in the United States Department of Justice as an assistant U.S. attorney, acting U.S. attorney, and head of the department's Public Integrity Section. He was also the chief prosecutor at the Kosovo Specialist Chambers, an international tribunal at The Hague tasked with investigating and prosecuting war crimes in the Kosovo War.

In November 2022, attorney general Merrick Garland appointed Smith an independent special counsel, responsible for overseeing two preexisting Justice Department criminal investigations into former president Donald Trump, three days after Trump announced his 2024 presidential campaign: one regarding Trump's role in the January 6 U.S. Capitol attack, and the other into alleged mishandling of government records, including classified documents. The documents case resulted in a 37-count indictment of Trump in June 2023 to which three counts were later added in July. In August, the January 6 case resulted in an indictment on four charges.

Early life and education
Smith was born on June 5, 1969. He grew up in Clay, New York, a suburb of Syracuse. His father was a draftsman of air-conditioning systems; his mother was a homemaker for most of Smith's childhood. He graduated from Liverpool High School in 1987, where he played football and baseball. He then studied political science at the State University of New York at Oneonta, graduating in 1991 with a Bachelor of Arts, summa cum laude. Smith then attended Harvard Law School, from which he graduated cum laude in 1994 with the degree of Juris Doctor.

Career
After graduating from law school, Smith joined the Manhattan District Attorney's office, serving as assistant district attorney. He was a member of the sex crimes and domestic violence units of the DA's office. He joined the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York in 1999. As an assistant U.S. attorney at the Brooklyn-based office, he prosecuted the police officers who brutalized and sexually assaulted Abner Louima, and led the case towards the death penalty—which was later overturned—against Ronell Wilson, who murdered two members of the New York Police Department.

From 2008 to 2010, Smith worked as investigation coordinator for the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, Netherlands. In that position, he oversaw cases against government officials and militia members accused of war crimes and genocide. In 2010, Smith returned to the U.S. to become chief of the U.S. Department of Justice's Public Integrity Section (PIN). Among his first responsibilities was evaluating current investigations, and he recommended closing investigations into several members of Congress. He spent five years as chief of PIN, where he prosecuted a variety of corruption cases, including those against Virginia governor Bob McDonnell, U.S. representative Rick Renzi, New York State Assembly speaker Sheldon Silver and Jeffrey Sterling, a Central Intelligence Agency agent who shared national secrets.

In 2015, Smith became an assistant U.S. attorney in the Middle District of Tennessee, at Nashville. He became the acting U.S. attorney in March 2017 upon the resignation of David Rivera, and resigned effective September 2017 after the nomination of Donald Q. Cochran. Smith became the vice president and head of litigation for Hospital Corporation of America in 2017.

On May 7, 2018, Smith was named to a four-year term as chief prosecutor for the Kosovo Specialist Chambers in The Hague, investigating war crimes in the Kosovo War, including the case of Salih Mustafa. He took up the post on September 11, 2018, and was appointed to a second term on May 8, 2022, before stepping down on November 18, 2022.

United States special counsel

On November 18, 2022, United States Attorney General Merrick Garland appointed Smith special counsel to oversee the criminal investigations into Donald Trump's actions regarding the January 6 U.S. Capitol attack, and Trump's handling and storage of government records, including classified documents at his Mar-a-Lago estate. He worked initially from the Netherlands while recovering from a fractured leg, injured when he was struck by a scooter while cycling. By early January 2023, Smith had returned to the U.S.

On June 8, 2023, a grand jury indicted Trump on seven federal criminal charges related to his handling of classified documents. This marked the first time in American history that a serving or former president has been indicted on a federal criminal charge. On August 1, Trump was indicted by a grand jury on four more federal felony counts relating to his attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election and his conduct during the attack on the Capitol.

Awards
 U.S. Department of Justice Director's Award
 U.S. Attorney General's Award for Distinguished Service
 Federal Bar Association's Younger Federal Attorney Award
 Eastern District Association's Charles Rose Award
 Henry L. Stimson Medal of the New York County Bar Association
 Harvard Law School Wasserstein Fellowship

Personal life
Smith is a competitive triathlete, having taken up swimming when he was in his mid-thirties. He has completed more than 100 triathlons and at least nine Ironman competitions around the world. In July 2011, he married Katy Chevigny, a documentary filmmaker known for Becoming, a 2020 documentary about Michelle Obama. They have a daughter. The couple lived in the Netherlands starting in 2018, before moving to Washington, D.C. in December 2022, shortly after Smith was appointed as special counsel.

Notes

References

External links

Special Counsel Jack Smith | Department of Justice

1960s births
Living people
20th-century American lawyers
21st-century American lawyers
American expatriates in the Netherlands
Assistant United States Attorneys
Donald Trump prosecutions
Harvard Law School alumni
January 6 United States Capitol attack
New York (state) lawyers
International Criminal Court prosecutors
People from Clay, New York
Special prosecutors
State University of New York at Oneonta alumni
United States Attorneys for the Middle District of Tennessee
Date of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)

Jack Smith (lawyer)


Rosie Alice Huntington-Whiteley (born 18 April 1987) is an English model. She is best known for her work for lingerie retailer Victoria's Secret, formerly being one of their brand "Angels", for being the face of Burberry's 2011 brand fragrance Burberry Body, for her work with Marks & Spencer, and, most recently, for her artistic collaboration with denim-focused fashion brand Paige.

Moving into acting, she had supporting roles as Carly Spencer in the 2011 film Transformers: Dark of the Moon, the third installment in the Transformers film series, and as The Splendid Angharad in the 2015 film Mad Max: Fury Road.

Early life
Huntington-Whiteley was born in Plymouth, Devon, England, the daughter of Charles Andrew Huntington-Whiteley, a chartered surveyor, and fitness instructor Fiona Yvonne, daughter of Alan Jackson of Buckinghamshire. She has two younger siblings, a brother and a sister. She grew up on a farm near Tavistock, Devon. Her paternal great-grandfather, Wing-Commander Eric Huntington-Whiteley, JP, was the nephew of George Whiteley, 1st Baron Marchamley and the younger son of politician Sir Herbert Huntington-Whiteley, 1st Baronet; Eric's wife, Rosie's great-grandmother, Enid Etta Cohn, was from a family of Polish Jews who emigrated to England in the 1870s. Rosie's paternal grandmother, Gillian, also from a Jewish family, was the daughter of surgeon Jacob Franks, of West Chiltington, Sussex.

Educated at Tavistock College, she later revealed that she was bullied and teased at school for having a double-barrelled name, small breasts and full lips.

Career

As a 15-year-old student, she undertook work experience at London West End-based model agency Profile, before taking her GCSEs. Signed after leaving school in Summer 2003, aged 16, her first modelling session was for a Levi's jeans commercial. She got her first big break in January 2004 when she travelled to New York City for a shoot with Teen Vogue. She later made her catwalk debut alongside Naomi Campbell in New York City in Spring 2004, and was then photographed by Bruce Weber for Abercrombie & Fitch.

In early 2006, she was signed to American lingerie brand Victoria's Secret, making her debut at the brand's fashion show in Los Angeles.

Huntington-Whiteley remained unknown outside the fashion industry until 2008, when she was cast by chief creative director Christopher Bailey, replacing Agyness Deyn for Burberry's Autumn/Winter campaign with actor Sam Riley. She got her first British Vogue cover on the November 2008 issue, alongside Eden Clark and Jourdan Dunn in a feature celebrating British models. The following year, she was featured as the face of Karen Millen's Spring/Summer 2009 advertising campaign. She starred in a short film for Agent Provocateur lingerie, playing a woman whose boyfriend forgets Valentine's Day.

For Fall/Winter 2009, she modelled in campaigns for Godiva and Miss Sixty. In February 2010, Huntington-Whiteley officially became a Victoria's Secret Angel and took part in the annual Victoria's Secret Fashion Show in New York City. She confirmed the following year that she wouldn't walk the show, and has since stated that she left Victoria's Secret to pursue other opportunities, as she was "well aware of the short shelf-life a model has".

In 2010, she posed nude for the Pirelli Calendar, which was photographed by Terry Richardson. Huntington-Whiteley hit the runway for designers Prada in Milan and Giles Deacon in Paris. For SS10 her advertising campaigns included Monsoon's first underwear line, Thomas Wylde, Full Circle, and VS Online. In March, she collaborated with VOGUE.COM to share her outfit choices daily for the Today I'm Wearing feature. She appeared on the covers of the May 2010 issues of Harper's Bazaar Russia and GQ UK. She was featured on the cover of LOVE Magazine's September issue, styled as a pinup girl. For FW10 she modelled for Burberry as well as the company's first beauty line; her other advertising campaigns included Thomas Wylde and Leon Max.

In May 2010, it was announced that Huntington-Whiteley would become the new female lead in Transformers: Dark of the Moon, released 29 June 2011, replacing Megan Fox. She had previously worked with the film's director, Michael Bay, on a Victoria's Secret commercial. MTV Networks' NextMovie.com named her one of the "Breakout Stars to Watch for in 2011". Prior to the film's release, she won the "Female Star of Tomorrow" award at the 2011 CinemaCon Awards. Reviewers were critical of the acting of Huntington-Whiteley and co-star Shia LaBeouf. Peter Travers (of Wenner Media) stated the two "couldn't be duller". Jason Solomons of The Observer wrote that "we're first introduced to Rosie via a close-up of her bum, segueing straight from the film's opening sequence and titles on to the pert buttocks and underwear of our heroine", and that Huntington-Whiteley's English posh girl accent "renders her practically unintelligible when surrounded by American accents and falling masonry". In a positive review, Drew McWeeny of HitFix said, "She reminds me of Cameron Diaz in The Mask, an actress who doesn't really show off any range, but who gives a natural, winning performance and who is up to the challenge of this particular picture."

Fashion photographer Rankin devoted a book entirely to her entitled Ten Times Rosie. Rankin opined that Huntington-Whiteley brought something different to modelling: "We've been looking at very, very skinny, almost masculine girls for a long time. [Rosie] really is the model of the moment. She's the actress of the moment. She's definitely going to become something much, much bigger." Celebrity make-up artist Ruby Hammer, who has worked with Huntington-Whiteley for years, described her as the "quintessential" English rose.

In March 2011, Huntington-Whiteley landed her first solo British Vogue cover and appeared on the covers of the UK's July issues of Elle and GQ. She was unveiled as the face of Burberry's newest fragrance, Burberry Body, in July 2011. In 2013, Huntington-Whiteley starred alongside Helena Bonham Carter and David Gandy in the Marks & Spencer Christmas advert. She was also announced as the face of Australian cosmetics brand ModelCo.  In 2014, PAIGE announced Huntington-Whiteley as their ambassador for their upcoming Spring 2015 ad campaign. In February 2017, PAIGE launched their first ever design collaboration with Huntington-Whiteley on a 17 piece capsule collection for Spring called Rosie HW x PAIGE. This was followed by a Fall collection consisting of 20 pieces.

Huntington-Whiteley had her second acting role in the film Mad Max: Fury Road, which was released in May 2015. She played The Splendid Angharad, one of the Five Wives of the warlord Immortan Joe. In order to portray her pregnant character, she wore a prosthetic abdomen throughout the film.

Shortly following the birth of her first child, she launched her website named "Rose Inc". The page started out as a beauty publication which worked in tandem with its Instagram and YouTube accounts. In August 2021, the brand expanded to selling its own clean makeup and skincare.

Personal life
Since 2010, she has been in a relationship with actor Jason Statham. In January 2016, her representative confirmed they had become engaged. Their son was born on June 24, 2017. In August 2021, she announced they were expecting their second child together. Their daughter was born on February 2, 2022.

She used to smoke, as she said in an interview with David Letterman: "I got a work placement at a modelling agency and then I spent the week making coffee and picking up the telephone and smoking cigarettes and drinking wine at 11 AM, it was very Ab Fab". She last publicly smoked in 2012 and has since quit.

Filmography

Film

Accolades

Huntington-Whiteley received Elle Style Awards for 2009's "Model of the Year," 2012's "Top Style Icon" and 2015's "Model of the Year."  In 2011, she was voted No. 1 in Maxim Magazine's "Hot 100" list and received the "Editor's Special Award" at the Glamour Awards. At the Harper's Bazaar Women of the Year Awards she was named 2014's "Model of the Year" and 2016's "Businesswoman of the Year."

As of July 2011, Huntington-Whiteley was ranked No. 15 on "The Money Girls" list and No. 3 on the "Top 20 Sexiest Models" list at models.com. She was also voted No. 22 in [[FHM's 100 Sexiest Women (UK)|FHM'''s World's Sexiest Woman]] 2015 poll. In 2016 and 2017, Huntington-Whiteley appeared at #5 on Forbes' World's Highest Paid Models List with estimated earnings at $9 million and $9.5 million respectively.

 Awards and nominations

 See also
 Huntington-Whiteley baronets

 References

 Bibliography
 Rankin Photography: Ten Times Rosie''. London: The Full Service, 2010. .

External links

1987 births
Living people
English expatriates in the United States
English female models
English people of Polish-Jewish descent
Jewish female models
People from Tavistock
Victoria's Secret Angels
Rosie

Rosie Huntington-Whiteley


In mathematics and physics, a recurrent tensor, with respect to a connection  on a manifold M, is a tensor T for which there is a one-form ω on M such that

Examples

Parallel Tensors
An example for recurrent tensors are parallel tensors which are defined by

with respect to some connection .

If we take a pseudo-Riemannian manifold  then the metric g  is a parallel and therefore recurrent tensor with respect to its Levi-Civita connection, which is defined via

and its property to be torsion-free.

Parallel vector fields () are examples of recurrent tensors that find importance in mathematical research. For example, if  is a recurrent non-null vector field on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold satisfying

for some closed one-form , then X can be rescaled to a parallel vector field. In particular, non-parallel recurrent vector fields are null vector fields.

Metric space
Another example appears in connection with Weyl structures. Historically, Weyl structures emerged from the considerations of Hermann Weyl with regards to properties of parallel transport of vectors and their length. By demanding that a manifold have an affine parallel transport in such a way that the manifold is locally an affine space, it was shown that the induced connection had a vanishing torsion tensor
.
Additionally, he claimed that the manifold must have a particular parallel transport in which the ratio of two transported vectors is fixed. The corresponding connection  which induces such a parallel transport satisfies

for some one-form . Such a metric is a recurrent tensor with respect to . As a result, Weyl called the resulting manifold  with affine connection  and recurrent metric  a metric space. In this sense, Weyl was not just referring to one metric but to the conformal structure defined by .

Under the conformal transformation , the form  transforms as . This induces a canonical map  on  defined by
,
where  is the conformal structure.  is called a Weyl structure, which more generally is defined as a map with property
.

Recurrent spacetime
One more example of a recurrent tensor is the curvature tensor  on a recurrent spacetime, for which
.

References

Literature

 A.G. Walker: On parallel fields of partially null vector spaces, The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 1949, Oxford Univ. Press
 E.M. Patterson: On symmetric recurrent tensors of the second order, The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 1950, Oxford Univ. Press
J.-C. Wong: Recurrent Tensors on a Linearly Connected Differentiable Manifold, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 1961,
 G.B. Folland: Weyl Manifolds, Journal of Differential Geometry 1970

Riemannian geometry
Tensors

Recurrent tensor


Eremophila ternifolia, commonly known as Wongan eremophila is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a low, many-branched, shrub with short, pointed leaves and small lilac-coloured or mauve flowers.

Description
Eremophila ternifolia is a spreading, aromatic, many-branched shrub which grows to a height of between . Its branches are hairy with both simple and shorter glandular hairs. The leaves are arranged in whorls of three,  clustered and overlapping each other near the ends of the branches. They are elliptic to lance-shaped,  long,  wide, glabrous, light green in colour but often reddish-brown on the lower side.

The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils and lack a stalk. There are 4 or 5 green to reddish-brown, linear to narrow triangular, hairy sepals which are  long. The petals are  long and are joined at their lower end to form a tube.
The petal tube is lilac-coloured or mauve on the outside and white with purple spots inside. The outer surface of the tube and lobes is hairy but the inner surface of the petal lobes is glabrous and the inside of the tube is filled with long, soft hairs. The lower petal lobe is also hairy. The 4 stamens are fully enclosed in the petal tube although the upper pair are almost the same length as the tube. Flowering occurs from October to November and is followed by fruits which are dry, woody, oval-shaped with a pointed end and about  long with a hairy covering.

Taxonomy and naming
This species was first formally described by Robert Chinnock in 1982 and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (ternifolia) is derived from the Latin words terni meaning "in three's" and folia meaning "leaves", referring to the arrangement of the leaves.

Distribution and habitat
This eremophila is restricted to the Wongan Hills in the Avon Wheatbelt biogeographic region where it grows in rocky situations.

Conservation
Eremophila ternifolia is classified as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia). It is listed as "Endangered" under Commonwealth legislation. Surveys between 1999 and 2001 recorded the total population as 1381 plants.

Use in horticulture
In cultivation, this small shrub has a dense, circular shape with a flat top and it would be an ornamental feature in a small garden.  It is long-lived in gardens, some specimens are over 25 years old, and it has attractive lilac-coloured flowers among leaves which sometimes have a reddish-brown tinge. Propagation is usually from cuttings and the shrub grows well in most soil types in a sunny or partly shaded position, is drought tolerant and very frost hardy.

References

Eudicots of Western Australia
ternifolia
Endemic flora of Southwest Australia
Plants described in 1982
Taxa named by Robert Chinnock
Avon Wheatbelt

Eremophila ternifolia


Renan is an unincorporated community in the northeastern part of Pittsylvania County, Virginia, United States. It is included in the Danville, Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Area.
It is contained within the Staunton River Magisterial District, and is located on a crossroads between Straightstone, Mount Airy, and Hurt.

The community of Renan was named in the second half of the 19th century after Ernest Renan, French philosopher and theologian.  The name of the community is pronounced with stress on the first syllable of the word, however.  In the 1880s, the four-room Harmony Grove School served the area, which was then replaced by the brick Renan School.  This was then closed and converted into a Virginia furniture factory.

A store served the community from 1901 until the 1980s.

References

Unincorporated communities in Virginia
Unincorporated communities in Pittsylvania County, Virginia
Danville, Virginia micropolitan area

Renan, Virginia


Dynamin is a GTPase responsible for endocytosis in the eukaryotic cell. Dynamin is part of the "dynamin superfamily", which includes classical dynamins, dynamin-like proteins, Mx proteins, OPA1, mitofusins, and GBPs. Members of the dynamin family are principally involved in the scission of newly formed vesicles from the membrane of one cellular compartment and their targeting to, and fusion with, another compartment, both at the cell surface (particularly caveolae internalization) as well as at the Golgi apparatus. Dynamin family members also play a role in many processes including division of organelles, cytokinesis and microbial pathogen resistance.

Structure

Dynamin itself is a 96 kDa enzyme, and was first isolated when researchers were attempting to isolate new microtubule-based motors from the bovine brain. Dynamin has been extensively studied in the context of clathrin-coated vesicle budding from the cell membrane. Beginning from the N-terminus, Dynamin consists of a GTPase domain connected to a helical stalk domain via a flexible neck region containing  a Bundle Signalling Element  and GTPase Effector Domain. At the opposite end of the stalk domain is a loop that links to a membrane-binding Pleckstrin homology domain.  The protein strand then loops back towards the GTPase domain and terminates with a Proline Rich Domain that binds to the Src Homology domains of many proteins.

Function

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the cell membrane invaginates to form a budding vesicle. Dynamin binds to and assembles around the neck of the endocytic vesicle, forming a helical polymer arranged such that the GTPase domains dimerize in an asymmetric manner across helical rungs. The polymer constricts the underlying membrane upon GTP binding and hydrolysis via conformational changes emanating from the flexible neck region that alters the overall helical symmetry. Constriction around the vesicle neck leads to the formation of a hemi-fission membrane state that ultimately results in membrane scission. Constriction may be in part the result of the twisting activity of dynamin, which makes dynamin the only molecular motor known to have a twisting activity.

Types
In mammals, three different dynamin genes have been identified with key sequence differences in their Pleckstrin homology domains leading to differences in the recognition of lipid membranes:

 Dynamin I is expressed in neurons and neuroendocrine cells
 Dynamin II is expressed in most cell types
 Dynamin III is strongly expressed in the testis, but is also present in heart, brain, and lung tissue.

Pharmacology
Small molecule inhibitors of dynamin activity have been developed, including Dynasore and photoswitchable derivatives (Dynazo) for spatiotemporal control of endocytosis with light (photopharmacology).

Disease implications
Mutations in Dynamin II have been found to cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Epileptic encephalopathy–causing de novo mutations in dynamin have been suggested  to cause dysfunction of vesicle scission during synaptic vesicle endocytosis.

References

External links

Cellular processes
EC 3.6.5

Dynamin


Anguillidae, the freshwater eels, are a family of eels. They are in the suborder Anguilloidei. Anguilla anguilla is the type species. Most of them are extant. Aside from the living species, there are also prehistoric eels.

They spend their adult lives in freshwater, but migrate to the ocean to spawn. Eels are an important food fish. Some species are now farm-raised, but not bred in captivity. Many populations in the wild are now threatened. Seafood Watch recommends people avoid eating anguillid eels.

The first fossils of eels is found at the start of the Palaeocene, just after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 mya. If prehistoric eels like Urosphen were still alive, they would have replaced the extant eels.

Species

 Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) (European eel)
 †Anguilla annosa Stinton 1975
 Anguilla australis J. Richardson, 1841
 Anguilla australis australis J. Richardson, 1841 (short-finned eel)
 Anguilla australis schmidti Phillipps, 1925
 Anguilla bengalensis (J. E. Gray, 1831) (mottled eel)
 Anguilla bengalensis bengalensis (J. E. Gray, 1831)(Indian mottled eel)
 Anguilla bengalensis labiata (W. K. H. Peters, 1852)(African mottled eel)
 Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844
 Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844 (Indonesian shortfin eel)
 Anguilla bicolor pacifica E. J. Schmidt, 1928 (Indian shortfin eel)
 Anguilla borneensis Popta, 1924 (Borneo eel)
 Anguilla breviceps Y. T. Chu & Y. T. Jin, 1984
 †Anguilla brevicula Agassiz 1833-1845
 Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856 (Celebes longfin eel)
 Anguilla dieffenbachii J. E. Gray, 1842 (New Zealand longfin eel)
 Anguilla interioris Whitley, 1938 (Highlands longfin eel)
 Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1847 (Japanese eel)
 Anguilla luzonensis S. Watanabe, Aoyama & Tsukamoto, 2009 (Philippine mottled eel)
 Anguilla malgumora Schlegel ex Kaup 1856 (Indonesian longfinned eel)
 Anguilla marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 (giant mottled eel)
 Anguilla megastoma Kaup, 1856 (Polynesian longfin eel)
 Anguilla mossambica (W. K. H. Peters, 1852) (African longfin eel)
 †Anguilla multiradiata Agassiz 1833-1845
 Anguilla nebulosa McClelland, 1844 (mottled eel)
 Anguilla obscura Günther, 1872 (Pacific shortfinned eel)
 †Anguilla pachyura Agassiz 1833-1845
 †Anguilla pfeili Schwarzhans 2012
 †Anguilla rectangularis Stinton & Nolf 1970
 Anguilla reinhardtii Steindachner, 1867 (speckled longfin eel)
 Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur, 1817) (American eel)
 †Anguilla rouxi Nolf 1974

References

Eels

Freshwater fish
Edible fish

Anguillidae


The MIPS architecture is an instruction set for computers that was developed at Stanford University in 1981. At the start, MIPS was an acronym for Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages. Most of it is done in RISC. In a full RISC architecture, all commands have the same length. This simplifies the design of the microchip and allows to use fast clock cycles. At the start, the architecture used a 32 bit bus, but from 1991, a 64 bit architecture was used.

In 2015, MIPS implementations are primarily used in embedded systems such as Windows CE devices, routers, residential gateways, and video game consoles such as the Sony PlayStation, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. Until late 2006, they were also used in many of SGI's computer products. MIPS implementations were also used by Digital Equipment Corporation, NEC, Pyramid Technology, Siemens Nixdorf, Tandem Computers and others during the late 1980s and 1990s. In the mid to late 1990s, it was estimated that one in three RISC microprocessors produced was a MIPS implementation.

References

Microprocessor design

MIPS architecture


Potters Bar is a town in Hertfordshire, England,  north of central London. In 2011, it had a population of 21,882. In the 2021 census, the four wards that make up Potters Bar - Bentley Heath & The Royds, Furzefield, Oakmere and Parkfield - had a combined population of 22,536. This includes several smaller outlying hamlets contained in the Bentley Heath & The Royds ward, such as Bentley Heath and Ganwick Corner. In 2022 the population was around 23,325.

Within the historic county of Middlesex until 1965, the town dates to the early 13th century but remained a small, mainly agricultural, settlement until the arrival of the Great Northern Railway in 1850. It is now part of the London commuter belt.

Etymology
The origin of the Potters element of the town's name is uncertain but is generally thought to be either a reference to a Roman pottery, believed to have been sited locally, or alternatively to the Pottere family who lived in neighbouring South Mimms parish. The Bar is thought to refer to the gates leading from the South Mimms parish and into the Enfield Chase parish, or possibly from a toll on the Great North Road, said to have been by what is now the disused Green Man pub, or at the current entrance to Morven House.

History
Potters Bar is located on the Great North Road, one of two road routes from the City of London to the north of England. The road was originally numbered as the A1, and later the A1000.

Potters Bar was historically part of Middlesex and formed the Potters Bar Urban District of that county from 1934. From 1894 to 1934 its area had formed the South Mimms Rural District. In 1965 the district was transferred to Hertfordshire County Council while most of the rest of Middlesex County Council became part of Greater London.

The urban district covered an area of . In 1939 it had a population of 13,681, increasing to 24,613 in 1971. In 1974 the urban district was abolished and the area became part of the borough of Hertsmere. Having been part of Middlesex, the area continued to form part of the Metropolitan Police District; with the creation of the Greater London Authority it was transferred to the Hertfordshire Constabulary in 2000.

Byng family
Wrotham Park estate, home of the Byng family, sits within Potters Bar and Barnet on 2,500 acres of land. The Byng family still own a lot of land in the Potters Bar area and The Admiral Byng pub in Darkes Lane is named after Admiral John Byng, who was executed for failing to obey orders in the Minorca campaign.

Zeppelin L31
In the early hours of 1 October 1916, Lieutenant Wulstan Tempest shot down Germany's most famous zeppelin, the L31. It was captained by Heinrich Mathy with his crew of 18. All were killed when the flaming zeppelin fell into an ancient oak tree on the Oakmere Estate, Oakmere House at the time being rented by Mrs Forbes. The deadly raids over England declined after this. The 19 German sailors (zeppelins were naval) were buried in the local cemetery, and decades later reinterred at Cannock Chase German Military Cemetery. The Potters Bar Museum has a Zeppelin display, with relics of the L31.

Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Potters Bar still had a Christian majority, making it more Christian than both England and Wales as a whole and the rest of Hertsmere. Potters Bar has a significant Jewish community and an Orthodox synagogue, but as a percentage of the overall population, the Jewish community, which numbers over 600, pales in comparison to every other settlement in Hertsmere, the most Jewish borough in the country.

Geography

Climate
Potters Bar experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) similar to almost all of the United Kingdom.

Transport

The A1 was built as a major 'arterial' road and a crossroads at Bignells Corner linked it to the Barnet – St Albans road. Potters Bar is now also served by junctions 23 and 24 of the M25 motorway.

Potters Bar railway station is the highest on the line between London's King's Cross railway station and York. The Great Northern route serves various North London suburbs to the south before terminating at either King's Cross or Moorgate station. Northbound, the railway runs to Hatfield, Welwyn Garden City, Cambridge, and Peterborough.

The nearest London Underground station is at Cockfosters, which is approximately  south on the A111 from junction 24 of the M25.

Potters Bar has a bus depot that services local bus routes as well as some London bus routes. The 84 bus route runs north-west to St. Albans. Other routes include the 298 to Arnos Grove, the 313 to Enfield and Chingford, the 242 to Waltham Cross, the 398 to Watford and the 610 to Enfield and Hatfield. There are also school bus services run from various places to Dame Alice Owen's School and to Chancellor's School.

Potters Bar rail accidents

Potters Bar has been the scene of three train crashes; two major and one minor. On 19 March 1898, a train crashed on the platform, but no one was killed or seriously injured. On the night of 10 February 1946, a local train hit buffers at the station, became derailed, and two express trains travelling in opposite directions struck the wreckage. On 10 May 2002, a northbound train derailed at high speed, killing seven people and seriously injuring another 11. On 10 May 2003, a small piece of art that resembles seven faces was erected at the station as a memorial to those killed.

Churches
There are eight churches in Potters Bar. These include St Mary the Virgin and All Saints' Church at the top of the Walk, the first Anglican parish in the town created from the parish of South Mimms in the 1800s. The Church contains stained glass including some "fine portraits" of several saints as well as tributes to John Keble, and Randall Davidson. There is a Madonna Window in memory of John Goodacre, a long-time schoolmaster at Potters Bar. Other churches include Our Lady and St Vincent (Roman Catholic), King Charles the Martyr, Christ Church, Potters Bar Baptist Church, St John's Methodist Church and the Causeway Free Church. Potters Bar Spiritualist Church is on Hill Rise. There was briefly a Salvation Army in Station Road. There is also the Jain Temple at the Oshwal Centre, which "recreates a general Māru-Gurjara aesthetic".

Education
There are six primary and infant state schools in Potters Bar and the surrounding area; they are Cranborne School, Ladbrooke JMI, Little Heath Primary, Oakmere Primary, Pope Paul RC Primary and Wroxham School.

Mount Grace School is a mixed grant maintained School in Potters Bar opened in 1954.

Lochinver house school is an all-boys preparatory school in Potters Bar, which opened in 1947.

Stormont School is an all-girls preparatory school in Potters Bar, which opened in 1944.

Dame Alice Owen's School is a mixed grant-maintained school in Potters Bar. Founded in 1613 and based in Islington until 1973, it is unusual in its 'Visitation' and 'Beer Money' traditions.

The town also houses many veterinary medicine (mostly third, fourth and fifth-year) students from the Royal Veterinary College.

Sports, entertainment and recreation
Potters Bar has a King George's Field in memorial to King George V, which is situated behind the Furzefield Centre. There is a swimming pool and leisure centre run by Hertsmere council, which is home to St Albans and Hertsmere Canoe Club. Also in the town are Potters Bar Town F.C., Potters Bar Swimming Club (PBSC), a Scuba diving Club (the Potters Bar Sub Aqua Club), a tennis club, a cricket club. The Wyllyotts Centre is a theatre, cinema and events venue, and is also the location of the town's museum. Potters Bar is also home to the Hertfordshire Showband (formally known as the Marching Blues).

In December 2018, the golf course at Potters Bar closed after 95 years.

In 1983, the area around Potters Bar was used for the on-location filming of the comic-horror film Bloodbath at the House of Death. Also, in 2005, David Walliams and Matt Lucas shot two scenes for the third season of the comedy Little Britain: one scene at Mount Grace School gym, the other at a wedding shop on the High Street. Potters Bar is also home to a performing arts school, Top Hat Stage School, which has been running classes at Elm Court Community Centre since 1994.

Notable residents
 Amanda Abbington, actress
 Acker Bilk, clarinetist, divided his time between Pensford, Somerset, and Potters Bar
 Bernard Butler, musician, record producer, and guitarist in Suede.
 Roger Fenton, Crimean war photographer who lived at Mount Grace manor house
 Martin Freeman, actor
 Tony Jacklin, golfer, whose home golf club was Potters Bar Golf Club
 Terry Lightfoot, jazz musician, born in Potters Bar
 Storm Thorgerson, graphic designer, born in Potters Bar
 Dolly Shepherd, parachutist and entertainer, born in Potters Bar.
John Yianni, board game designer (notably of Hive), born in Potters Bar

Twinnings
  Viernheim, Germany
  Franconville, Val-d'Oise, France (since 1973)

Notes and references
Notes

References

External links

 The Potters Bar Society
 pottersbar.org – local information

Towns in Hertfordshire
Populated places established in the 13th century
Unparished areas in Hertfordshire
Hertsmere
Middlesex

Potters Bar


Stuart L. Hart is an American academic, writer and theorist and the founder of Enterprise for a Sustainable World, a non-profit dedicated to helping businesses make the transition to sustainability.

A Fortune 100 consultant, Hart is one of the world's leading authorities on the implications of sustainable development and environmentalism relative to business strategy. He is the S.C. Johnson Chair of Sustainable Global Enterprise and Professor of Management at Cornell University's Johnson School of Management; he is also the founder of the school's Center for Sustainable Global Enterprise and the Base of the Pyramid Learning Lab, comprising seven global facilities.

Prof. Hart has taught strategic management and founded both the Center for Sustainable Enterprise (CSE) at the University of North Carolina's Kenan-Flagler Business School, and the Corporate Environmental Management Program (CEMP) at the University of Michigan. Prof. Hart has published over 50 papers and authored or edited five books. In 1997, he wrote the seminal article "Beyond Greening: Strategies for a Sustainable World" which helped launch the movement for corporate sustainability. The article won Harvard Business Review's Mckinsey Award for the best article of the year.

With C.K.Prahalad, Prof. Hart also wrote the 2002 article "The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid", later expanded into a book of the same name. He is author of the book Capitalism at the Crossroads: The Unlimited Business Opportunities in Solving the World's Most Difficult Problems as well as several scholarly articles and publications. According to Bloomberg Businessweek, he is "one of the founding fathers of the "base of the pyramid" economic theory".

Education and career
Hart holds a B.A from University of Rochester, an M.F.S. from the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, and a Ph.D. from University of Michigan. After graduating from UM, where he founded the Corporate Environmental Management Program, he took a position at the Kenan-Flagler Business School in the University of North Carolina, serving as Hans Zulliger Distinguished Professor of Sustainable Enterprise and Professor of Strategic Management. While there, he founded the Center for Sustainable Global Enterprise and the Base of the Pyramid Learning Laboratory. In 2010, he held the Samuel C. Johnson Chair of Sustainable Global  Enterprise  and Professor of Management at the Johnson School of Management at Cornell University.

In 2014, Hart joined the Grossman School of Business at the University of Vermont to create a new one-year Sustainable Entrepreneurship MBA.

References

External links
Stuart Hart's official website
Stuart Hart's blog
Enterprise for a Sustainable World
Stuart Hart's academic website
Hart's Business Educators Member Profile

Living people
American economists
Financial economists
University of Rochester alumni
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Johnson School faculty
University of Vermont faculty

Stuart L. Hart


The Australian Labor Party split of 1916 occurred following severe disagreement within the Australian Labor Party over the issue of proposed World War I conscription in Australia. Labor Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes had, by 1916, become an enthusiastic supporter of conscription as a means to boost Australia's contribution to the war effort. On 30 August 1916, he announced plans for a referendum on the issue (the 1916 Australian conscription referendum), and introduced enabling legislation into parliament on 15 September, which passed only with the support of the opposition. Six of Hughes's ministers resigned in protest at the move, and the New South Wales state branch of the Labor Party expelled Hughes. The referendum saw an intense campaign in which Labor figures vehemently advocated on each side of the argument, although the "no" campaign narrowly won on 14 November. In the wake of the referendum defeat, the caucus moved to expel Hughes on 14 November; instead, he and 23 supporters resigned and formed the National Labor Party. Frank Tudor was elected leader of the rump party. Hughes was recommissioned as Prime Minister, heading a minority government supported by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party; the two parties then merged as the Nationalist Party of Australia and won the 1917 federal election. The Nationalist Party served as the main conservative party of Australia until 1931, and the split resulted in many early Labor figures ending their careers on the political right. Hughes, for instance, sat as a member of the Nationalists and their successors, the United Australia Party and the Liberal Party, with only a few short breaks until his death in 1952.

The split had different impacts in different states. In Queensland there was no significant split at all, with the state Labor Party having experienced the loss of many early members a decade earlier when William Kidston led a breakaway group out in 1907. During the war Premier T. J. Ryan made strong efforts to minimise losses. Only one member of the state parliament, John Adamson, left the party, and initially there was no attempt to create an alternate vehicle at the state level. However, in October 1919 Adamson was part of the formation of a National Labor Party for ex-Labor supporters that used the name. It had no electoral success and soon disappeared.

See also

Australian Labor Party split of 1931
Australian Labor Party split of 1955

References

History of the Australian Labor Party
1916 in Australia
Political schisms
History of Australia (1901–1945)
Conscription in Australia
1916 in politics

Australian Labor Party split of 1916


The English National Association (ENA) was a political group active in the United Kingdom during the Second World War. It was accused of having fascist sympathies.

History
Formed by John Webster in 1942, the ENA was led by Edward Godfrey, a former member of the British Union of Fascists who had served under Admiral Sir Barry Domvile in the Royal Navy. The ENA, which sought to regroup former members of the British Union of Fascists, was originally called the British National Party (BNP). The group was funded by the Duke of Bedford, a veteran supporter of right-wing movements, most notably the British People's Party. Calling for a negotiated peace, the group attempted to march on the Cenotaph in 1942 but the demonstration was banned by the authorities and the group came under suspicion. The BNP, which emphasised anti-Semitism, initially gained some support and not long after its foundation claimed to have 50 branches across the country. It also enjoyed the support of a number of right-wing journals, such as those of Captain Bernard Acworth and Joseph Ball, as well as the backing of the British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women, a group that had been associated with the BUF and which was later taken over by Jeffrey Hamm. William Craven, a farm worker from Gloucester who was sentenced to life imprisonment for twice writing to government agencies of Nazi Germany to offer his services, was also a BNP member following his expulsion from the BUF for extremism.

In order to avoid the attentions of the government Godfrey disbanded the BNP in 1943 before recreating the group immediately as the ENA. Like most groups in existence at the time however many supporters were loath to join as they feared that active groups were too easily infiltrated by MI5. Before long Webster had left to form his own English Legion and they did not survive the war.

The group contested the 1943 Acton by-election with Godfrey officially running as independent, although he finished bottom of the poll with 258 votes.

References

Defunct political parties in the United Kingdom
Political parties established in 1942
Far-right political parties in the United Kingdom
1942 establishments in the United Kingdom

English National Association


The Combat Aviation Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division is the Combat Aviation Brigade of the 3rd Infantry Division of the United States Army based at Fort Stewart.

History
The original predecessor of the Combat Aviation Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division was the 3rd Aviation Company, activated and assigned to the 3rd Infantry Division on 1 July 1957 at Fort Benning, Georgia. Twenty-seven years later, on 16 November 1984, the CAB was provisionally activated as the U.S. Army's first combat aviation brigade in a mechanized infantry division. The brigade was officially activated 15 March 1985 and designated the Aviation Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division and then inactivated on 16 August 1991. It was reactivated on 16 February 1996 at Fort Stewart, Georgia as part of the reflagging of the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized) as the 3rd Infantry Division (Mechanized).

In February 1998 the Aviation Brigade, 3d Infantry Division deployed to Kuwait as part of the division's mission in support of Operation Desert Thunder. At the time the brigade was organized to provide the 3d Infantry Division with a maneuver brigade consisting of an attack helicopter battalion, a general support aviation battalion, and a cavalry squadron.

From September 2000 to October 2001, elements of the Aviation Brigade deployed to Bosnia-Herzegovina for Stabilisation Force (SFOR) 8 and SFOR 9 and enforcement of the Dayton Peace Accords. The Stabilization Force has a unified command and is NATO-led under the political direction and control of the Alliance's North Atlantic Council, as stipulated by the Peace Agreement.

Less than a year after 9/11, the Aviation Brigade deployed to Kuwait in support of OIF. On 20 March 2003, the brigade's helicopters served as part of the 3d Infantry Division's main effort on the March to Baghdad. During the battle at An Nasiriah, the brigade shaped the battlespace in order for 3d Brigade Combat Team, 3d Infantry Division to destroy enemy units near the Highway 1 Bridge and Tallil Airbase. After the fall of Baghdad, the brigade continued to play a vital role in the ongoing fight for the security of the city and the country.

In 2004, the unit was redesigned as the U.S. Army's first modular combat aviation brigade (CAB). Soon thereafter, the brigade deployed to Iraq in January 2005 in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom III. The brigade significantly increased its ability to operate 24 hours a day for an indefinite period of time providing aviation combat power to the division. The brigade flew more than 80,000 hours in support of more than 26,000 combat missions.

In May 2007, as part of the "Surge", the CAB deployed to Iraq again, this time in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom V. During the Surge, the CAB was tasked with supporting the main mission of Multi-National Division-Center stopping the flow of accelerants into Baghdad. Over a 15-month deployment, the brigade completed more than 250 air assaults resulting in numerous arrests and captures of high-value targets and other enemy fighters, and executed 5,700 MEDEVAC missions supporting Coalition Forces, Iraqi Army and local nationals. The brigade accounted for 64% of the Multi-National Division-Center enemy killed in action and more than 80 wounded in action. The brigade also moved over 205,000 personnel and 21 million pounds of cargo around the battlefield.

The CAB returned to Hunter Army Airfield in August 2008, preparing for another deployment. Less than eight months after learning of the new mission in Afghanistan, the CAB, reorganized as Task Force Falcon, joined the surge into Afghanistan in November 2009. The arrival of the CAB marked a new chapter for the brigade and the 3d Infantry Division as the Combat Aviation Brigade was the first brigade-sized element from the Marne Division to serve in OEF X. Task Force Falcon flew in excess of 160,000 combat flight hours and provided much needed humanitarian relief efforts to both Afghanistan and Pakistan.

On 9 January 2013, Task Force Falcon assumed responsibility of US Army conventional rotary wing aviation operations across Regional Commands – South, Southwest, and West supporting U.S. conventional and special operations forces, International Security Assistance Forces, and Afghan National Security Forces. The task force provided continuous attack, reconnaissance and security, medical evacuation, personnel and cargo transport, downed aircraft recovery, and deliberate and hasty air assault capabilities in support of ground forces. Task Force Falcon provided flexibility and freedom of maneuver to enable ground forces to extend their security operations and assist Afghan National Security Forces with independent operations. Partnered missions proved essential in assisting Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to achieve its objective of providing independent security of the people of Afghanistan.

During Operations Enduring Freedom XIII, Task Force Falcon flew over 100,000 hours, averaging almost 12,000 hours per month during the height of the fighting season, and supported 625 deliberate operations, 2,000 MEDEVAC missions, and moved 4.9 million pounds of cargo and 15,000 personnel.

Task Force Falcon expanded the capabilities of previous units. MEDEVAC aircraft increased the use of critical blood transfusions during flight and added back wall medics and emergency critical care nurses to enable life saving operations. The task force completed the largest forward operating base closure in Regional Command – South during OEF XIII – Forward Operating Base Wolverine – ahead of schedule, while providing continued aviation support in Zabul Province. In April, when a sudden hailstorm grounded 84 helicopters on Kandahar, the task force repaired all damaged aircraft within 3 weeks without a gap in air support to teammates on the ground. During this deployment, the unit lost seven soldiers.

In October 2017, half of the brigade deployed to Afghanistan as Task Force Falcon, replacing the 16th Combat Aviation Brigade of the 7th Infantry Division. In November 2019, the brigade took over responsibility as the rotational combat aviation brigade of Operation Atlantic Resolve in Germany from the Combat Aviation Brigade, 1st Infantry Division. The brigade returned to Fort Stewart after the conclusion of the nine-month rotation in July 2020, being replaced by the Combat Aviation Brigade, 101st Airborne Division.

Units

References

External links
 Birth of the 3rd Combat Aviation Battalion

Aviation Brigades of the United States Army
Military units and formations established in 1985
1985 establishments in the United States


Sason hirsutum is a species of spiders in the family Barychelidae, found in Indonesia.

Description
Only the male has been described. Its body is about 9 mm long in total. The upper (dorsal) surface is generally light reddish brown; the lower (ventral) surface is lighter. The abdomen has a darker pattern on both surfaces. The ventral surface of the tarsus and part of the metatarsus of each leg is white. The legs are densely covered with relatively long hairs.

Taxonomy
Sason hirsutum was first described by Peter J. Schwendinger in 2003. The species name, hirsutum, meaning "hairy", refers to the long dense hair on the legs. The male is similar to S. andamanicum, but can be distinguished by a number of features, including the short, stout cuspules on the labium and maxillae, and the thinner, straight embolus of the palpal bulb.

Distribution and habitat
The species is only known from one of the Lingga Islands off the east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The males were found in tropical rainforest alongside a stream, in nests on the trunks of trees.

References

Barychelidae
Spiders described in 2003
Spiders of Indonesia

Sason hirsutum


Without Love is a 1945 American romantic comedy movie directed by Harold S. Bacquet and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by Philip Barry. It stars Spencer Tracy, Katharine Hepburn, Lucille Ball, Keenan Wynn, Carl Esmond, Patricia Morison and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites

1945 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies based on plays
MGM movies

Without Love


Willem Kes (16 February 1856 in Dordrecht - 22 February 1934 in Munich) was a Dutch conductor. He was the first conductor of the Concertgebouw Orchestra (now called the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra).

Kes learned the violin, studying with the famous Joseph Joachim in Berlin. From 1876 he started his career as a conductor. When the Concertgebouw Orchestra was started in Amsterdam in 1888 Kes was its conductor. He made it into a good orchestra. He had this job until 1895 when Willem Mengelberg took over. Kes went to Glasgow to conduct the Scottish Orchestra. In 1898 he took a conducting job in Moscow. From 1905 to 1926, Kes was director of a music conservatory (college) in Koblenz. He also worked in Dresden.

References
 Encyclopedie van de Muziek, pub Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1957.

1856 births
1943 deaths
Dutch conductors
People from Dordrecht

Willem Kes


Carpenter's Bluff is a community in northeastern Grayson County, Texas, United States, located on the Red River and Farm to Market Road 120, twelve miles northeast of Sherman, connecting Grayson County and Bryan County, Oklahoma.  Settled circa 1860, it derived its name from that of an early settler, E. E. Carpenter, who operated a ferry across the Red River.  In the early twentieth century, the Missouri, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway constructed a bridge across the Red River at Carpenter's Bluff.  By 1936, Carpenter's Bluff had a population of seventy-five and four businesses. Ten years later, the population had increased to 120, and the town still had four businesses.

Carpenter's Bluff Bridge
Completed in the late summer of 1910 as a railroad bridge for the Missouri, Oklahoma & Gulf Railroad (MO&G) line, this landmark structure was part of a line through Grayson County to connect with other railways in order to secure better freight rates for their shipments from the Oklahoma coal mines. The bridge was designed to withstand major floods such as the one in 1908 that had destroyed several area bridges. Its design also included a wagon shelf, an extra lane to serve travelers on foot and horseback, as well as horse-drawn vehicles, all of whom had to pay a toll for its use. In 1921, ownership passed to the Kansas, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway (KO&G), which maintained the line until 1965, when the company ceased operations in Texas due to declining rail traffic.  The Texas and Pacific Railway maintained the bridge for a brief time and then deeded it to the counties of Grayson and Bryan. County commissioners agreed to convert the structure for vehicular traffic, and upon completion of that work, the bridge was opened as a free public thoroughfare.

References

External links

Unincorporated communities in Texas
Geography of Grayson County, Texas

Carpenter's Bluff, Texas


Ellerbe Creek Trail is a pedestrian and bicycle greenway located in Durham, North Carolina. From downtown Durham, the trail runs along South Ellerbe Creek from Trinity Avenue to the corner of Washington Street and Club Boulevard. It then follows the sidewalk from Club Boulevard and Washington Street to Northgate Park where it turns back into a pedestrian and bicycle greenway. From Northgate park, it continues on to Stadium Drive.

The trail is part of the planned East Coast Greenway. Ellerbe Creek Trail contributes approximately 4 miles to the East Coast Greenway.

Technically, the Ellerbe Creek Trail is a group of shorter trails. The shorter trails as defined by The Durham Open Space and Trails Commission are known as follows:
 Ellerbe Creek Trail:  Durham Co. Stadium to Northgate Park
 S. Ellerbe Creek Trail:  Northgate Park to Trinity Ave.
 Stadium Drive Trail:  Durham Co. Stadium to Whippoorwill Park

Ellerbe Creek trail connects to the Warren Creek Trail on the northern side of the greenway and the southern side, the Downtown Trail which eventually connects to the American Tobacco Trail (ATT) Trailhead at Morehead Ave.

See also
 Ellerbe Creek Trail at HTYP

Bike paths in North Carolina
East Coast Greenway
Transportation in Durham, North Carolina
Parks in Durham, North Carolina

Ellerbe Creek Trail