Norville "Shaggy" Rogers is a fictional character from Scooby-Doo. Shaggy is best friends with his dog Scooby Doo. Shaggy likes to eat a lot of food and gets scared easily and is known for saying his catchphrase, "Zoinks".

Portrayals
Shaggy has been voiced by Casey Kasem and Matthew Lillard, with the latter reprising his role from the two Raja Gosnell movies. Will Forte roles the voice of Shaggy in CGI animated film Scoob!.

Internet memes
Various internet memes portray Shaggy as a god who uses a low percentage of his power after eating Scooby Snacks. Matthew Lillard thought the Ultra Instinct Shaggy memes were funny and loved them.

Fictional characters introduced in 1969
Internet memes
Scooby-Doo characters
Animated human characters

Shaggy Rogers (Scooby-Doo)


Hattusili II (Hittite: "from Hattusa") may have been a king of the Hittite Empire (New kingdom) ca. the early 14th century BC (short chronology).

His existence is disputed.  In the treaty between Muwatalli II and Talmi-Šarruma of Aleppo, reference is made to a ruler named Hattusili, but it is debated whether the reference is to an otherwise unknown Hittite ruler, or rather to Hattusili I.

See also

 History of the Hittites

Notes

External links
Discussion of Hattusili II

Hittite kings
14th-century BC monarchs

Ḫattušili II


Acacia saligna, commonly known by various names including coojong, golden wreath wattle, orange wattle, blue-leafed wattle, Western Australian golden wattle, and, in Africa, Port Jackson willow, is a small tree in the family Fabaceae. Native to Australia, it is widely distributed throughout the south west corner of Western Australia, extending north as far as the Murchison River, and east to Israelite Bay.
The Noongar peoples know the tree as Cujong.

Description

Acacia saligna grows as a small, dense, spreading tree with a short trunk and a weeping habit. It grows up to eight metres tall. Like many Acacia species, it has phyllodes rather than true leaves; these can be up to 25 centimetres long. At the base of each phyllode is a nectary gland, which secretes a sugary fluid. This attracts ants, which are believed to reduce the numbers of leaf-eating insects. The yellow flowers appear in late winter and early spring, in groups of up to ten bright yellow spherical flower heads. The fruit is a legume, while the seed is oblong and dark to black in colour.

A natural colonizer, Coojong tends to grow wherever soil has been disturbed, such as alongside new roads. Its seeds are distributed by ants, which store them in their nests to eat the seed-stalks. Disturbance of the soil brings them to the surface and allows them to germinate. Seeds germinate readily, and hundreds of seedlings can sometimes be found beneath a single parent tree. It is also extremely vigorous when young, often growing over a metre per year.

Uses
Acacia saligna can be used for multiple purposes, as it grows under a wide range of soil conditions into a woody shrub or tree. It has been used for tanning, revegetation, animal fodder, mine site rehabilitation, firewood, mulch, agroforestry and as a decorative plant.

Acacia saligna has been planted extensively in semi-arid areas of Africa, South America and the Middle East as windbreaks and for stabilisation of sand dunes or erosion.

Invasive potential

Acacia saligna has become an invasive species outside its natural range due to the following contributing factors:
 Widespread planting outside its native area
 Rapid growth in soil with low levels of nutrients
 Early reproductive maturity
 Large quantity of seeds produced
 Ability of seeds to survive fire
 Ability to germinate after cutting or burning
 Tolerance to many different substrates
 Nitrogen fixation
 Extensive root system
 Taller growth (by more than 3 m in some places) than indigenous plants

It was planted in the northern suburbs of Sydney in the 1950s by well-meaning native plant enthusiasts, and has subsequently become a major weed in eastern New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia.

Since 2019, the species is included on the list of invasive alien species of Union Concern. This means that the species can no longer be imported in the European Union. Additionally, it has become illegal to plant it, breed it, transport it, or bring it into the wild.

Environmental impact in South Africa

In South Africa, it proliferated at an uncontrollable rate, having been introduced in the nineteenth century to produce tan bark and to stabilise the sands of the Cape Flats outside Cape Town after the indigenous bush had largely been cut down for firewood. In addition to replacing indigenous fynbos vegetation, it also hampers agriculture. It is listed as an invasive alien plant in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, where it has displaced native species through changing fire regimes. The introduction of the acacia gall rust fungus, (Uromycladium tepperianum), has proven to be highly effective at reining it in, reducing density by 80%. The acacia seed weevil (Melanterius species) was introduced in 2001 and has now (in 2007) reached the stage where there are sufficient numbers available to begin its distribution.

See also
Acacia pycnantha (also known as "golden wattle")
List of Acacia species

References

10 Kheloufi A., Mansouri L.M., Boukhatem Z.F. (2017). Application and use of sulfuric acid to improve seed germination of three acacia species, Reforesta, 3:1-10.

External links

 Acacia saligna (GBIF) Map of herbaria records showing something of its invasiveness
 Purdue University Center for New Crops and Plants Products s.v. Acacia saligna.

 'Beating the Australian: The Acacia Gall Rust Fungus is Winning the Battle against Port Jackson' Veld & Flora Vol 93(2) June 2007 p104 et seq
 'Invasive Plants are Harming our Biodiversity' Veld & Flora Vol 93(2) June 2007 p108 et seq

 Acacia cyanophylla & Rhizobium

saligna
Acacias of Western Australia
Fabales of Australia
Taxa named by Heinrich Wendland
Plants described in 1820

Acacia saligna


Smile is a 2022 American psychological supernatural horror film written and directed by Parker Finn (in his feature directorial debut), based on his 2020 short film Laura Hasn't Slept. The film stars Sosie Bacon as a therapist named Rose Cotter, who, after witnessing the bizarre suicide of a patient, goes through increasingly disturbing and daunting experiences, leading her to believe what she is experiencing is supernatural. It also stars Jessie T. Usher, Kyle Gallner, Kal Penn, and Rob Morgan, as well as Caitlin Stasey playing the same character she played in the short film.

A feature adaptation of Finn's short was announced in June 2020, and the cast was added in October 2021. Principal photography began that month in New Jersey and ended in November. Originally set for release on the streaming service Paramount+, distributor Paramount Pictures opted to release the film theatrically after positive test screenings.

Smile premiered at Fantastic Fest on September 22, 2022, and was released in the United States on September 30. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the visuals, themes, cinematography  and Bacon's performance, but criticized some of its jump scares and noted its similarities to other horror films such as The Ring, It, and It Follows. It was a box office success, grossing over $217 million worldwide against a $17 million budget. A sequel is in development and scheduled to be released on October 18, 2024.

Plot
At a psychiatric ward, therapist Dr. Rose Cotter meets graduate student Laura Weaver, who explains that she recently witnessed her professor die by suicide. Laura claims she is being terrorized by an invisible entity which appears as various smiling people and has foretold her death. Laura begins screaming and panicking and Rose calls for help. Laura suddenly becomes unnaturally calm and smiles, then slits her own throat, terrifying Rose.

The next day, another patient, Carl, smiles like Laura did and shouts to Rose that she is going to die. Rose calls for nurses to restrain Carl, only to realize Carl had been asleep the entire time. Concerned for Rose's mental well-being, her supervisor Dr. Morgan Desai, orders Rose to take a week off work. Rose's hallucinations continue, leading those around her to believe she may be a danger to herself. Rose visits her former therapist, Dr. Madeline Northcott, who suggests that Rose's problems stem from her childhood, in which she witnessed the overdose death of her abusive and mentally ill mother.

Later, Rose attends a birthday party for her nephew, the son of her older sister, Holly. When he unwraps her present, he finds Rose's dead cat, which has somehow replaced the actual present, horrifying everyone. Rose has a public breakdown and sees a guest smiling unnaturally at her, causing her to fall into a glass coffee table and injure herself. This convinces Rose that she has fallen victim to a curse, although her fiancé Trevor believes she has gone crazy.

Upon learning that Laura's professor was grinning at her before his death, Rose visits the professor's widow, Victoria and learns that he had also witnessed a suicide shortly before his own. Rose asks her ex-boyfriend Joel, a police detective, to go through old police records. They find several cases of people having died by suicide in front of someone else, all of whom themselves had recently witnessed a suicide.

Rose tries to patch things up with Trevor but becomes enraged after realizing he has called Madeline to provide psychological intervention without asking Rose first. Upset, she leaves to speak with Holly, who also dismisses Rose's belief in a curse. Holly compares Rose's behavior to their late mother, and Rose accuses Holly of abandoning her before their mother's death.

Rose and Joel discover the sole exception in the chain of suicides: convicted murderer Robert Talley. Rose and Joel visit him in jail, where he claims that the entity feeds on trauma, and that the only way to escape it is to brutally kill someone else in front of a witness to traumatize them. Rose angrily rejects this idea. The demon appears at her home in Madeline's form and taunts her. Rose drives to her hospital with a knife and murders Carl, but it is revealed to be a hallucination. Rose wakes up in her car to find Morgan standing outside. He notices the knife, but she speeds away, prompting him to alert the police.

Rose drives to her abandoned family home, realizing that she cannot pass on the entity's curse if she dies alone. The entity appears as Rose's mother, and it is revealed that Rose chose not to call for help for her mother because of her abusive behavior. The demon attacks Rose, and a fire starts in the struggle, seemingly killing the demon. Rose flees the house and returns to Joel's apartment. Joel smiles at Rose, who realizes this is another hallucination.

In reality, Joel has tracked Rose's phone to her old house and finds her outside. Rose panics and runs back inside, where the demon reveals its true form – a skinless, semi-humanoid monstrosity with multiple sets of malformed jaws nesting within an enormous, smiling mouth. The sight of the demon's visage causes Rose to fall into a trance, and the demon possesses her by forcing itself inside her body through her mouth. Joel breaks down the front door and sees a smiling Rose set herself on fire, passing the curse onto him.

Cast

Production
In June 2020, Parker Finn was tapped by Paramount Pictures to write and direct a feature adaptation of his own short film Laura Hasn't Slept, which saw a young woman seeking the help of her therapist desperate to rid herself of a recurring nightmare. Earlier in March that year, the short film won the Special Jury Recognition Prize for South by Southwest's Midnight Short category.
In September 2021, the film was announced under the title Something's Wrong with Rose with Sosie Bacon cast as the titular character. The following month, Jessie T. Usher, Kyle Gallner, Rob Morgan, Kal Penn, Judy Reyes, Gillian Zinser, and Caitlin Stasey joined the cast.

Principal photography began on October 11, 2021, in New Jersey, including in the city of Hoboken, and wrapped on November 24, 2021.  Some filming locations included the  Murphy Varnish Lofts, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School in Newark and Lewis Morris Park in Morristown.

Editing and post-production were completed in May 2022. Visual effects was done by the-Artery and was supervised by Yuval Levy and Vico Sharabani, when the film was simply retitled Smile. The film's score was composed by Cristobal Tapia de Veer and featured an obscure musical instrument called the daxophone as the lead instrument. For practical effects, Finn recruited Alec Gillis and Tom Woodruff Jr. of Amalgamated Dynamics, who he described as a major influence in wanting to be a horror filmmaker for their work in films such as Aliens.

Release
Smile had its world premiere at Fantastic Fest on September 22, 2022, followed by screenings at Beyond Fest on September 27. It was released in the United States on September 30, 2022, by Paramount Pictures. Paramount Pictures President and CEO Brian Robbins said that Smile was originally slated for a streaming-only release on Paramount+, but the studio eventually decided to release the film theatrically because of strong results from test screenings.

The film was released for VOD platforms including Paramount+ on November 15, 2022, with a DVD, Blu-ray, and 4K UHD set released on December 13, 2022.

Marketing
The trailer and poster were released on June 22, 2022. Brad Miska of Bloody Disgusting described the footage as "pretty generic", but said it stood out due to its similarities to Ringu and The Ring. Shania Russell at /Film compared the film to The Ring, It Follows and Truth or Dare and wrote, "It's all very familiar and probably not too hard to imagine how the movie will progress, but the scares will make or break the experience, and based on the trailer, Smile is more than promising." All-in-all, Paramount spent an estimated $50 million promoting the film.

During several Major League Baseball games the weekend before the film's release, a viral marketing stunt occurred, as the studio's marketing team purchased seats behind home plate, with actors smiling maniacally into the camera for the pitcher-batter shot for extended periods of time. Some of the actors wore shirts with the name and logo of the film on the front.

Reception

Box office
Smile grossed $105.9 million in the United States and Canada, and $111.5 million in other territories, for a total worldwide gross of $217.4 million. Deadline Hollywood calculated the film's net profit as $101million, accounting for production budgets, marketing, talent participations, and other costs; box office grosses and home media revenues placed it tenth on their list of 2022's "Most Valuable Blockbusters".

In the United States and Canada, Smile was released alongside Bros, and was projected to gross $16–20 million from 3,645 theaters in its opening weekend. The film made $8.2 million on its first day, including $2 million from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $22.6 million, topping the box office and slightly overperforming its projections, while being the biggest debut of September 2022. The film made $18.5 million in its sophomore weekend, remaining atop the box office. The 18% second weekend drop was the second-smallest ever for a horror film behind Get Outs 15% in February 2017, and marked the best non-holiday hold of the pandemic era. Although it was dethroned by newcomer Halloween Ends in its third weekend the film continued to hold well, making $12.6 million. On November 9, 2022, it became only the third R-rated film released in the pandemic era to gross $100 million domestically, as well as becoming the highest-grossing R-rated horror film worldwide during the pandemic.

Critical response
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 80% based on 191 reviews, and an average rating of 6.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Deeply creepy visuals and a standout Sosie Bacon further elevate Smiles unsettling exploration of trauma, adding up to the rare feature that satisfyingly expands on a short." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B–" on an A+ to F scale, while those polled at PostTrak gave it an overall 69% positive score, with 53% saying they would definitely recommend it.

Marisa Mirabal of IndieWire gave the film a grade of B−, noting its plot's similarities to films such as It Follows, The Ring, Oculus and Final Destination. She wrote: "Smile navigates unhealed trauma through a supernatural lens and mischievous juxtaposition, despite feeling like a shadow of other stories", and added that it "delivers a captivating and claustrophobic mental hellscape that will cause one to both grimace and grin." Tasha Robinson of Polygon wrote: "Smile is often a gimmicky, even corny horror movie, packed with so many jump-scares that the sheer pile-on borders on laughable... But no matter how excessively the legitimate scares pile up, they're startling and convincing. The editing and music are impressively tuned for maximum impact whenever the slow-burning tension resolves with an abrupt, ugly surprise. All of which makes Smile an efficient ride, if an unusually unrelenting one."

Katie Rife of RogerEbert.com gave the film 2.5 out of 4 stars, writing: "In padding out the concept from an 11-minute short into a nearly two-hour movie, Smile leans too heavily not only on formulaic mystery plotting, but also on horror themes and imagery lifted from popular hits like The Ring and It Follows." Kevin Maher of The Times wrote: "There are some nice jump scares and Bacon is charismatic but it's achingly derivative and dull", and gave the film 2 out of 5 stars. Jeffrey M. Anderson of Common Sense Media also gave the film 2 out of 5 stars, writing: "The image of a creepy, sinister smile is so primal and so chilling that it might have inspired something truly penetrating, but, sadly, this horror movie is content to fall back on noisy jump scares."

Accolades
At the 2023 MTV Movie & TV Awards, Smile was nominated for Best Movie and Most Frightened Performance (Bacon).

Related media

Prequel short film

Laura Hasn't Slept was written and directed by Parker Finn in 2019 and later debuted at South by Southwest in 2020. The positive reception at the film festival resulted in Paramount Pictures commissioning the filmmaker for a feature film adaptation, though it was later revealed that the movie is a continuation of the original story.

The premise follows Laura as she recounts a series of horrific dreams and hallucinations where she is being pursued by a smiling man to her therapist. As she does so, she begins to realize that she is not where she thinks she is, that she is again experiencing an extra-sensory episode, and that the counselor she is confiding in is actually the entity that has been tormenting her. While the ending of the short film seems to indicate that the character dies, Laura later appears in Smile where she seeks the help of Dr. Rose Cotter; indicating that the resolution to Laura Hasn't Slept was a continued hallucination. The character ultimately sets in motion the events of the full-length film.

The short movie later received a wide release as a bonus feature on the home video media release of Smile; Paramount marketed the feature as a "Smile original short film". Finn additionally called the short "the origin" of Smile.

Sequel
Following the release of Smile, during interviews between November and December 2022, writer and director Parker Finn stated that he had intentionally left portions of the first movie ambiguous, with various plotlines unresolved, while expressing interest in exploring those details in a potential sequel film. The filmmaker stated that while additional installments may explore the backstory of the entity, he would like to keep its mysterious nature intact. He noted that a follow-up movie would be notably different from the first, stating that he believed "there is still a lot of interesting stuff to explore in the world of Smile. ...I'd want to make sure that there's a new, exciting, fresh way into it that the audience isn't anticipating. I also want to find some new ways to scare them and unnerve them."

In April 2023, Paramount Pictures officially announced at CinemaCon 2023 that a sequel has been green-lit and was in pre-production, with Parker Finn once again serving as writer and director. Smile 2 is scheduled to be released on October 18, 2024.

References

External links

2022 films
2022 directorial debut films
2022 horror films
2020s American films
2020s English-language films
2020s monster movies
2020s psychological horror films
2020s supernatural horror films
American monster movies
American psychological horror films
American supernatural horror films
Demons in film
Features based on short films
Films about curses
Films about psychiatry
Films about shapeshifting
Films about spirit possession
Films about suicide
Films produced by Wyck Godfrey
Films set in New Jersey
Films shot in New Jersey
Films shot in Newark, New Jersey
Paramount Pictures films
Paramount Players films
Temple Hill Entertainment films

Smile (2022 film)


The Eddystone Lighthouse is a lighthouse that is located on the Eddystone Rocks,  south of Rame Head in Cornwall, England. The rocks are submerged below the surface of the sea and are composed of Precambrian gneiss.

The current structure is the fourth to be built on the site. The first lighthouse (Winstanley's) was swept away in a powerful storm, killing its architect and five other men in the process. The second (Rudyard's) stood for fifty years before it burned down. The third (Smeaton's) is renowned because of its influence on lighthouse design and its importance in the development of concrete for building; its upper portions were re-erected in Plymouth as a monument. The first lighthouse, completed in 1699, was the world's first open ocean lighthouse, although the Cordouan Lighthouse off the western French coast preceded it as the first offshore lighthouse.

The need for a light
The Eddystone Rocks are an extensive reef approximately  SSW off Plymouth Sound, one of the most important naval harbours of England, and midway between Lizard Point, Cornwall and Start Point. They are submerged at high spring tides and were so feared by mariners entering the English Channel that they often hugged the coast of France to avoid the danger, which thus resulted not only in shipwrecks locally, but on the rocks of the north coast of France and the Channel Islands. Given the difficulty of gaining a foothold on the rocks particularly in the predominant swell it was a long time before anyone attempted to place any warning on them.

Winstanley's lighthouse

The first lighthouse on Eddystone Rocks was an octagonal wooden structure built by Henry Winstanley. The lighthouse was also the first recorded instance of an offshore lighthouse. Construction started in 1696 and the light was lit on 14 November 1698. During construction, a French privateer took Winstanley prisoner and destroyed the work done so far on the foundations, causing Louis XIV to order Winstanley's release with the words "France is at war with England, not with humanity".

The lighthouse survived its first winter but was in need of repair, and was subsequently changed to a dodecagonal (12 sided) stone clad exterior on a timber-framed construction with an octagonal top section as can be seen in the later drawings or paintings. The octagonal top section (or 'lantern') was  high and  in diameter, its eight windows each made up of 36 individual glass panes. It was lit by '60 candles at a time, besides a great hanging lamp'.

Winstanley's tower lasted until the great storm of 1703 erased almost all trace on . Winstanley was on the lighthouse, completing additions to the structure. No trace was found of him, or of the other five men in the lighthouse.

The cost of construction and five years' maintenance totalled £7,814 7s.6d, during which time dues totalling £4,721 19s.3d had been collected at one penny per ton from passing vessels.

Rudyard's lighthouse

Following the destruction of the first lighthouse, Captain John Lovett acquired the lease of the rock, and by Act of Parliament was allowed to charge passing ships a toll of one penny per ton. He commissioned John Rudyard (or Rudyerd) to design the new lighthouse.

Rudyard's lighthouse, in contrast to its predecessor, was a smooth conical tower, shaped 'so as to offer the least possible resistance to wind and wave'. It was built on a base of solid wood, formed from layers of timber beams, laid horizontally on seven flat steps which had been cut into the upper face of the sloping rock. On top of this base rose several courses of stone, interspersed with further layers of wood, which was designed to serve as ballast for the tower. This substructure rose to a height of , on top of which were raised four storeys of timber. The entire structure was sheathed in vertical wooden planks and anchored to the reef using 36 wrought iron bolts, forged to fit deep dovetailed holes which had been cut in the reef. The vertical planks were installed by two master-shipwrights from Woolwich Dockyard and were caulked like those of a ship. The tower was topped with an octagonal lantern, which brought it to a total height of . A light was first shone from the tower on  and the work was completed in 1709. The light was provided by 24 candles. Rudyard's lighthouse proved more durable than its predecessor, surviving and serving its purpose on the reef for nearly 50 years.

In 1715 Captain Lovett died and his lease was purchased by Robert Weston, Esq., in company with two others (one of whom was Rudyard).

On the night of 2 December 1755, the top of the lantern caught fire, probably through a spark from one of the candles used to illuminate the light, or else through a fracture in the chimney which passed through the lantern from the stove in the kitchen below.  The three keepers threw water upwards from a bucket but were driven onto the rock and were rescued by boat as the tower burnt down. Keeper Henry Hall, who was 94 at the time, died several days later from ingesting molten lead from the lantern roof. A report on this case was submitted to the Royal Society by physician Edward Spry, and the piece of lead is now in the collections of the National Museums of Scotland.

Smeaton's lighthouse

The third lighthouse to be built on the Eddystone marked a major step forward in the design of such structures.

Design and building
Following the destruction of Rudyard's tower, Robert Weston sought advice on rebuilding the lighthouse from the Earl of Macclesfield, then President of the Royal Society. He recommended mathematical instrument maker and aspiring civil engineer, John Smeaton, who was introduced to Weston in February 1756. In May, following a series of visits to the rock, Smeaton proposed that the new lighthouse should be built of stone and modelled on the shape of an oak tree. He appointed Josias Jessop to serve as his general assistant, and established a shore base for the construction works at Millbay.

Work began on the reef in August 1756, with the gradual cutting away of recesses in the rock which were designed to dovetail in due course with the foundations of the tower. During the winter, the workers stayed ashore and were employed in dressing the stone for the lighthouse; work then resumed on the rock the following June, with the laying of the first courses of stone. The foundations and outside structure were built of local Cornish granite, while lighter Portland limestone masonry was used on the inside. As part of the construction process, Smeaton pioneered 'hydraulic lime', a concrete that cured under water, and developed a technique of securing the blocks using dovetail joints and marble dowels. Work continued over the course of the following two years, and the light was first lit on 16 October 1759.

Smeaton's lighthouse was  high and had a diameter at the base of  and at the top of . It was lit by a chandelier of 24 large tallow candles.

Later modifications

In 1807 the 100-year lease on the lighthouse expired, whereupon ownership and management devolved to Trinity House. In 1810 they replaced the chandelier and candles with 24 Argand lamps and parabolic reflectors.

In 1841 major renovations were made, under the direction of engineer Henry Norris of Messrs. Walker & Burges, including complete repointing, replacement water tanks and filling of a large cavity in the rock close to the foundations. In 1845 the lighthouse was equipped with a new second-order fixed catadioptric optic, manufactured by Henry Lepaute of Paris, with a single multi-wick oil lamp, replacing the old lamps and reflectors. This was the first time that a fully catadioptric large optic (using prisms rather than mirrors above and below the lens) had been constructed, and the first such installation in any lighthouse. A new lantern was constructed and fitted to the top of the tower in 1848, as the original had proved unsatisfactory for housing the new optic.

From 1858 the tower's exterior was painted with broad red and white horizontal bands, so as to render it 'more distinctly visible during the day time'. In 1872 a 5 cwt fog bell was provided for the lighthouse; it was sounded 'five times in quick succession every half minute' in foggy weather. That same year an improved lamp was installed, which more than doubled the intensity of the light.

In 1877 it was resolved to build a replacement lighthouse, following reports that erosion to the rocks under Smeaton's tower was causing it to shake from side to side whenever large waves hit. During construction of the new lighthouse, the Town Council of Plymouth petitioned for Smeaton's tower to be dismantled and rebuilt on Plymouth Hoe, in lieu of a Trinity House daymark which stood there. Trinity House consented to the removal and delivery of the lantern and the upper four rooms of the tower, the cost of labour to be borne by Plymouth Council. While the new tower was being built the old lighthouse remained operational, up until 3 February 1882 (after which a temporary fixed light was shown from the top of the new tower). When the latter was complete, Smeaton's lighthouse was decommissioned and the crane which had been used to build the new lighthouse was transferred to the task of dismantling the old. William Tregarthen Douglass supervised the operation.

Present day

The upper part of Smeaton's lighthouse was subsequently rebuilt, as planned, on top of a replica granite frustum on Plymouth Hoe: preserved 'as a monument to Smeaton's genius, and in commemoration of one of the most successful, useful and instructive works ever accomplished in civil engineering'. The rebuilding was funded by public subscription. It remains in place today and, as 'Smeaton's Tower', is open to the public as a tourist attraction.

The original frustum or base of the tower also survives, standing where it was built on the Eddystone rocks,  from the current lighthouse. Having dismantled the upper part of the structure, Douglass infilled the old entrance way and stairwell within the frustum and fixed an iron mast to the top of the stub tower. He expressed the hope that 'the rock below will for ages endure to support this portion of Smeaton's lighthouse, which, in its thus diminished form, is still rendering important service to the mariner, in giving a distinctive character to the Eddystone by day'.

Douglass's lighthouse

The current, fourth lighthouse was designed by James Douglass (using Robert Stevenson's developments of Smeaton's techniques). This lighthouse is still in use.

Design and building

By July 1878 the new site, on the South Rock was being prepared during the 3½ hours between ebb and flood tide; the foundation stone was laid on 19 August the following year by The Duke of Edinburgh, Master of Trinity House. The supply ship Hercules was based at Oreston, now a suburb of Plymouth; stone was prepared at the Oreston yard and supplied from the works of Messrs Shearer, Smith and Co of Wadebridge. The tower, which is  high, contains a total of 62,133 cubic feet of granite, weighing 4,668 tons. The last stone was laid on 1 June 1881 and the light was first lit on 18 May 1882.

The lighthouse was topped by a larger than usual lantern storey,  high and  wide; the lantern was painted red. It contained a six-sided biform (i.e. two-tier) rotating optic of the first-order,  high and weighing over seven tons. Each of the six sides of the optic was divided into two Fresnel lens panels, which provided the light's characteristic of two flashes every thirty seconds. The optic was manufactured by Chance Brothers of Smethwick and designed by their chief engineer John Hopkinson FRS. At the time the Eddystone's extra-tall () lenses were the largest in existence; their superior height was achieved through the use of extra-dense flint glass in the upper and lower portions of each panel.

The light had a range of . Illumination was provided by a pair of Douglass-designed six-wick concentric oil burners (one for each tier of the optic). This was said to represent 'the first practical application of superposed lenses of the first order with oil as the illuminating material'. On clear nights, only the lamp in the lower tier of lenses was lit (producing a light of 37,000 candlepower); in poor visibility, however (judged by whether the Plymouth Breakwater light was visible), both lamps were used at full power, to provide a 159,600 candlepower light. Eighteen cisterns in the lower part of the tower were used to store up to 2,660 tons (nine months' worth) of colza oil to fuel the lamps.

In addition to the main light a fixed white light was shone from a room on the eighth storey of the tower (using a pair of Argand lamps and reflectors) in the direction of the hazardous Hand Deeps. The lighthouse was also provided with a pair of large bells, each weighing two tons, by Gillett, Bland & Co., which were suspended from either side of the lantern gallery to serve as a fog signal; they sounded (to match the light characteristic of the lighthouse) twice every thirty seconds in foggy weather, and were struck by the same clockwork mechanism that drove the rotation of the lenses. The mechanism required winding every hour (or every forty minutes, when the bells were in use), 'the weight to be lifted being equal to one ton'; shortly after opening, the lighthouse was equipped with a 0.5 h.p. caloric engine, designed 'for relieving the keepers of the excessive strain of driving the machine when both illuminating apparatus and fog bell are in use'.

Later modifications

In 1894 an explosive fog signal device was installed on the gallery of lighthouse; the fog bells were briefly retained as a standby provision, but then removed. In 1904 the lamps were replaced with incandescent oil vapour burners. Following the invention of the mercury bath system (allowing a lighthouse optic to revolve in a trough of mercury rather than on rollers) the Eddystone lens pedestal was duly upgraded and the drive mechanism replaced. Later, beginning in 1959, the light was electrified: the new light source was a 1,250W incandescent lamp, powered by a diesel generator (three of which were installed in a lower store room). In place of the old lenses a new, smaller (fourth-order) AGA 'bi-valve' optic was installed, which flashed at the faster rate of twice every ten seconds. The old optic was removed and donated to Southampton Maritime Museum (it was exhibited on the Royal Pier in the 1970s, but later removed to a council yard where it was destroyed by vandals). As part of the programme of modernisation, the lighthouse was given a 'SuperTyfon' fog signal, with compressors powered from the diesel generators.

The lighthouse was automated in 1982, the first Trinity House 'Rock' (or offshore) lighthouse to be converted. Two years earlier the tower had been changed by construction of a helipad above the lantern, to allow maintenance crews access; the helipad has a weight limit of 3600 kg (3½ tons). As part of the automation of the lighthouse a new electric fog signal was installed and a metal halide discharge lamp replaced the incandescent light bulb formerly in use. The light and other systems were monitored remotely, initially by Trinity House staff at the nearby Penlee Point fog signal station. Since 1999 the lighthouse has run on solar power.

Present day
The tower is  high, and its white light flashes twice every 10 seconds. The light is visible to , and is supplemented by a foghorn of 3 blasts every 62 seconds. A subsidiary red sector light shines from a window in the tower to highlight the Hand Deeps hazard to the west-northwest. The lighthouse is now monitored and controlled from the Trinity House Operations Control Centre at Harwich in Essex.

References in media

The lighthouse inspired a sea shanty, frequently recorded, that begins "My father was the keeper of the Eddystone light / He courted a mermaid one fine night / From this union there came three / A porpoise and a porgy and the other was me!". There are several verses.
The lighthouse has been used as a metaphor for stability.
In the Goon Show episode Ten Snowballs that shook the World (1958), Neddie Seagoon is sent to Eddystone Lighthouse to warn the inhabitants that Sterling has dropped from F-sharp to E-flat.
The lighthouse is celebrated in the opening and closing movements of Ron Goodwin's Drake 400 Suite. The movement's main theme was directly inspired by the lighthouse's unique light characteristic.
A novel based on the building of Smeaton's lighthouse, containing many details of the construction, was published in 2005.
The lighthouse is referenced twice in Herman Melville's epic novel Moby-Dick; at the beginning of Chapter 14, "Nantucket": "How it stands there, away off shore, more lonely than the Eddystone lighthouse.", and in Chapter 133, "The Chase – First Day": "So, in a gale, the but half baffled Channel billows only recoil from the base of the Eddystone, triumphantly to overleap its summit with their scud."
The lighthouse is referred to in "Daddy was a Ballplayer" by the Canadian band Stringband, and follows a similar line to the sea shanty.
"The Most Famous of All Lighthouses," the third chapter of The Story of Lighthouses (Norton 1965) by Mary Ellen Chase, is devoted to the Eddystone Lighthouse.
Eddystone Lighthouse was used for many of the exterior shots in The Phantom Light, a 1935 film directed by Michael Powell.
The English pop group Edison Lighthouse took its name from it. Later, 'Lighthouse' was discarded, and they renamed themselves 'Edison'.
An 1850 replica of Smeaton's lighthouse, Hoad Monument, stands above the town of Ulverston, Cumbria as a memorial to naval administrator Sir John Barrow.

See also

 List of lighthouses in England
 Eddystone, the Google Bluetooth Low Energy beacon
 Hook Lighthouse, second oldest lighthouse in the world and oldest in the British Isles

Notes

References

Further reading

 John Smeaton (1793). A Narrative of the Building and Description of the Eddystone Lighthouse with Stone. London
 Palmer, Mike; Eddystone, The Finger of Light. Palmridge Publishing, 1998 – Revised edition, 2005 by Seafarer Books & Globe Pequot Press / Sheridan House
 Eddystone (2016). The Finger of Light, revised Kindle ebook edition

External links

 Trinity House
 Charles Harrison-Wallace webpage
 Captain L Edye – The Eddystone Lighthouse, 1887
 A local's view of Smeaton's Tower, on the Hoe, 2005

1698 establishments in England
1703 disasters
1755 disasters
Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
Industrial archaeological sites in Devon
Lighthouses completed in 1882
Lighthouses in Devon
Lighthouses of the English Channel
Plymouth, Devon

Eddystone Lighthouse


Romagna Albana (also Albana di Romagna before 2011) is a white, still Italian wine based principally on the Albana grape variety produced in Bologna, Forlì-Cesena and Ravenna. It was awarded Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) status in 1967, and promoted to Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) in 1987, with a name change instituted in 2011.

History
There is much history and legend associated with the Albana di Romagna area. One story from 435 AD concerns the daughter of Roman Emperor Theodosius II. She arrived in a small village on a white donkey, and the villagers were so overcome with her beauty that they offered her some of the area's sweet and excellent wine (Albana) from a simple terra cotta jug. Completely enamored of this delicious, unctuous nectar, Galla Placida exclaimed, "You should not drink this wine in such a humble container. Rather it should be drunk in gold (berti in oro) to render homage to its smoothness." From that day on, the village was called Bertinoro and the wine was drunk from refined goblets at the court of Ravenna.

This wine was also described in the 13th century by medieval wine writer Pietro de' Crescenzi as being "very strong and of noble taste, well suited for long maturation and at the same time quite subtle … the best of this type of grape can be had at Forlì and throughout the Romagna".

Today, Albana di Romagna's claim to fame is that it was the first of the area's white wines to receive its DOCG classification (in 1987). However, there has been controversy surrounding this ranking and it has been considered "a political response to pressure from Romagna's wine producers". Another factor which disputes its status is the maximum yield per hectare, currently standing at 140 quintals; this high limit appears to discredit the DOCG law for making quality wine.

Production is concentrated mainly around Spungone Romagnolo, extending from Bertinoro to the Imola hills, a strip of the Apennines that extends east from Bologna as far as the Adriatic Sea. The area's terroir is an excellent home for the Albana variety: the hillside sites offer a mixture of rocky, limestone and chalk soils; and the hot, dry Mediterranean climate is tempered by cooling breezes from the Adriatic Sea, resulting in cooler summers and a wider diurnal temperature variation. This all encourages higher-quality wines. The best vineyards are located on the well-drained foothills of the Apennines.

Characteristics
The DOCG covers four styles of Albana di Romagna: secco, amabile, dolce, and passito, with varying degrees of alcohol (11.5–15.5%). A sparkling version, Romagna Albana Spumante, can also be made but may only use a DOC classification. The Albana variety is fairly light bodied with good acidity and contains considerable residual sugar, resulting in its noteworthy ability to make a sweeter wine. It is usually produced in a dry style, with distinctive underlying peach and almond notes, a strong line of refreshing acidity and some complexity.

The passito is the area's biggest star. Albana di Romagna may not be considered world class and the quality may be variable, but in the hands of expert wine producers who choose to keep their yields low, this wine can achieve distinction. Grapes are dried in on the vine, in small boxes, on wooden grates or using air indoors; vinification occurs in wooden barriques or in stainless steel. The passito version of Albana di Romagna must be available for sale by September 1 of the year following the harvest for the standard wine, and as a riserva by December 1.  With its quince- and apricot-rich intensity, and nuances of magnolia, honey and spice, it is the only style that has a minimum aging time of ten months, or 13 for the riserva designation.

References

Wine-Searcher, CorkCastle

Bibliography

Italian DOCG
Italian wines
Emilia-Romagna

Romagna Albana


Devour may refer to:

 Devour (film), a 2005 film directed by David Winkler
 "Devour" (song), a 2008 single by Shinedown
 "Devour", a 2009 song by Marilyn Manson from The High End of Low
 "Devour", a 2002 song by Disturbed from Believe
 Devoured (film), a 2012 drama horror thriller film directed by Greg Olliver, starring Marta Milans, Kara Jackson, Bruno Gunn
 Devour (Dave Hause album), 2013
 Devour (Pharmakon album), 2019
 Motorola Devour, an Android-based smartphone produced by Motorola for Verizon Wireless
 Devour (video game), a co-op PvE horror video game released in 2021
 A brand of frozen food products produced by Heinz
 Devoured (novel), a novel by Anna Mackmin, that was shortlisted for the Desmond Elliott Prize
 Devour! The Food Film Fest, a Canadian film festival

 To eat

Devour


Neurorehabilitation is a complex medical process which aims to aid recovery from a nervous system injury, and to minimize and/or compensate for any functional alterations resulting from it.

Features
In case of a serious disability, such as caused by a severe spinal injury or brain damage, the patient and their families' abilities, life style, and projects, are suddenly shattered. In order to cope with this situation, the person and their family must establish and negotiate a "new way of living", both with their changed body and as a changed individual within their wider community.

Thus, neurorehabilitation works with the skills and attitudes of the disabled person and their family and friends. It promotes their skills to work at the highest level of independence possible for them. It also encourages them to rebuild self-esteem and a positive mood. Thus, they can adapt to the new situation and become empowered for successful and committed community reintegration.
Neurorehabilitation should be:

 Holistic It should cater for the physical, cognitive, psychological, social and cultural dimensions of the personality, stage of progress and lifestyle of both the patient and their family.
 Patient-focused Customized health care strategies should be developed, focused on the patient (and family).
 Inclusive Care-plans should be designed and implemented by multidisciplinary teams made up of highly qualified and motivated practitioners experienced in multidisciplinary teamwork.
 Participatory The patient and their family's active cooperation is essential. The patient and family must be well-informed, and a trusting relationship with the multidisciplinary team must be built.
 Sparing Treatment must aim at empowering the patient to maximise independence, and to reduce physical impairment and reliance on mobility aids.
 Lifelong The patient's various needs throughout their life must be catered for, by ensuring continuity of care all the way through from injury onset to the highest possible level of recovery of function. This may include addressing medical complications of the injury or illness later in life.
 Resolving Treatment has to include adequate human and material resources for efficiently resolving each patient's problems as they arise.
 Community-focused. It is necessary to look for the solutions best adapted to the specific characteristics of the community and to further the creation of community resources favouring the best possible community reintegration of the disabled person.

Commonly treated conditions

 Stroke
 Spinal cord injury
 Cerebral palsy
 Parkinson's disease
 Brain injury
 Anoxic brain injury
 Traumatic brain injury
 Multiple sclerosis
 Post-polio syndrome
 Guillain–Barré syndrome

How it works

By focusing on all aspects of a person's functional independence and well-being, neurorehabilitation offers a series of therapies from the Medications, Physiotherapy, speech and swallow therapy, psychological therapies, occupational therapies, teaching or re-training patients on mobility skills, communication processes, and other aspects of that person's daily routine. Neurorehabilitation also provides focuses on nutrition, psychological, and creative parts of a person's recovery.

Many neurorehabilitation programs, whether offered by hospitals or at private, specialized clinics, have a wide variety of specialists in many different fields to provide the most well rounded treatment of patients. These treatments, over a period of time, and often over the lifetime of a person, allow that individual and that person's family to live the most normal, independent life possible.

While the field of neurorehabilitation is relatively new, many therapies are controversial, and while some are considered cutting-edge technology, there may be little research to support whether or not helpful progress is the result. Neurorehabilitation is the culmination of many different fields to provide the best care and education for patients with injuries or diseases affecting their nervous system.

Types

The most important therapies are those that help people live their everyday lives. These include physiotherapy, occupational therapy, rehabilitation psychology, speech and swallow therapy, vision therapy, and language therapy, and therapies focused on daily function and community re-integration. A particular focus is given to improving mobility and strength, as this is key to a person's independence.

Neurorehabilitation is a team work. The specialists who participate include: physiatrist or rehabilitation medicine specialist, neurologist, neurosurgeon, other medical specialists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, respiratory therapists, prothetist and orthotist, rehabilitation nurse, psychologists, and vocational counselor. Physiotherapy includes helping patients recover the ability of physical actions which includes: balance retraining, gait analysis and transfer training, neuromuscular retraining, orthotics consultations, and aqua therapy. Occupational therapy helps patients in activities of daily living. Some of these include: home modifications and safety training (Fall prevention strategies), cognitive rehabilitation – retraining for memory, attention, processing, and executive functions. It may also include neuro-muscular strengthening and training, and visual perceptual skill development. Rehabilitation psychologists and speech–language pathologists and have begun to provide cognitive rehabilitation as well with goals that emphasize instruction in life-changes that facilitate increased independence. Speech and language therapy includes assisting patients with swallowing and communication issues.  Rehabilitation psychology includes helping patients deal with their changed, often dramatically so, circumstances especially coping to a changed identity of self as a result of adaptions and changes necessitated by brain injury.

Technological developments

Over the last decade with the aid of science and technology, we are more familiar with the human brain and its function than ever before. Development in neuroimaging techniques has greatly enhanced the scope and outcome of neurorehabilitation. Now, scientists are using technology with neurorehabilitation to provide cutting edge improvements to therapies for patients with nervous system issues. In particular, the use of robotics in neurorehabilitation is becoming more and more common.

Virtual reality simulations and video games provide patients with an interactive way to explore and re-learn different aspects of their lives and environments while being observed within the safety of their treating therapists and physicians. These devices and simulations, along with other robotic technology, offer patients who have just had strokes, other brain or spinal cord injuries the option of training and physical therapy much sooner than might otherwise be possible, thus shortening the recovery period.

See also
Rehabilitation psychology
Rehabilitation (neuropsychology)
Neurophysiotherapy
Neuroscience

Notes
This article incorporates material from the Institut Guttmann, who consents publication licensed by the Free Documentation GNU/GFDL

References

External links
 Institut Guttmann
 Instituto Caren de Neurorehabilitación
 Infography about Neurorehabilitation
 World Federation of Neurorehabilitation

Clinical neuroscience
Neurotrauma

Neurorehabilitation


Edward Henry Anderson (October 8, 1858 – February 1, 1928) was a missionary and local leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as well as a writer and editor.

Anderson is the author of the biography The Life of Brigham Young. The book is an account written sixteen years following Brigham Young's death in 1877. In this volume, Young's activities during his early years in Mormonism are discussed; his close relationship with Joseph Smith; and the rise of his leadership following Smith's death.

Anderson was born in Billeberga, Sweden. His family joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) when he was young and they came to Utah Territory in 1864 in William B. Preston's Mormon pioneer company.

In 1869, Anderson was baptized a member of the LDS Church. He lived in Millcreek, Farmington and Huntsville, Utah, in his early years. He graduated from the University of Utah in 1877 and then became a teacher in Weber County, Utah. In 1881, he married Jane Ballantyne, a daughter of Richard Ballantyne, the founder of the LDS Church's Sunday School movement.

In about 1880, Anderson entered the newspaper business in Ogden, Utah. He later served on the staff of The Contributor. From 1890 to 1892, Anderson served as president of the Scandinavian Mission of the LDS Church. In 1893, he became a member of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association (YMMIA) General Board and in 1899 succeeded B. H. Roberts as associate editor of the Improvement Era. In 1900, Anderson became a member of the Weber Stake High Council. Anderson served in the YMMIA until 1907.

Anderson was still listed as co-editor of the Improvement Era in 1922, with Heber J. Grant, the President of the LDS Church, listed as the other editor.

In addition to his biography of Brigham Young, Anderson also wrote A Brief History of the Church. Andrew Jenson also included some of writings by Anderson in his Latter-day Saints Biographical Encyclopedia.

Anderson served as the clerk of the LDS Church's general conference on several occasions in the 1910s and 1920s.

In 1900, Anderson was elected to the Utah House of Representatives. He was appointed surveyor-general for Utah, a federal appointment, in 1901.

Anderson and his wife Jane had seven children.

Notes

References
Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 715; Vol. 4, p. 231; Vol. 4, p. 368

1858 births
1928 deaths
19th-century Mormon missionaries
American editors
American surveyors
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Editors of Latter Day Saint publications
Historians of the Latter Day Saint movement
Members of the Utah House of Representatives
Mission presidents (LDS Church)
Mormon missionaries in Denmark
Mormon missionaries in Sweden
Mormon pioneers
Swedish Mormon missionaries
University of Utah alumni
People from Huntsville, Utah
Young Men (organization) people
Swedish emigrants to the United States
Swedish leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Latter Day Saints from Utah

Edward H. Anderson


Robert Sempill (the elder) (c. 1530–1595), in all probability a cadet of illegitimate birth of the noble house of Sempill or Semple, was a Scottish ballad-writer and satirist.

Very little is known of Sempill's life. He was probably a soldier, and must have held some office at the Scottish court, as his name appears in the Lord Treasurer's books in February 1567 – 1568, and his writings show him to have had an intimate knowledge of court affairs. As a Protestant, he was a bitter opponent of Queen Mary and of the Catholic Church, authoring ballads supporting action against Queen Mary. Sempill was present at the siege of Leith (1559-1560) and at the siege of Edinburgh Castle, serving with the army of James Douglas, Earl of Morton. He was in Paris in 1572, but fled the country after the massacre of St Bartholomew. Three of his poems appear in the Bannatyne Manuscript.

His chief works are:
The Ballat maid vpoun Margret Fleming callit the Flemyng bark
The defence of Crissell Sande-landis
The Claith Merchant or Ballat of Jonet Reid, ane Violet and Ane Quhyt, all three in the Bannatyne manuscript
They are characterized by extreme coarseness, and are probably among his earlier works. His chief political poems are:
The Regentis Tragedie, a broadside of 1570
The Sege of the Castel of Edinburgh (1573), interesting from an historical point of view
Ane Complaint vpon fortoun ... (1581)
The Legend of the Bischop of St Androis Lyfe callit Mr Patrik Adamsone (1583)
Some of his poems and ballads were intended to advance the cause of the King's side during the Marian civil war. He was a mid-ranking Kings Party supporter, prominently known despite being outside of party leadership. He assuredly authored twelve poems out of a collection of twenty-five broadsides arguing against Queen Mary as a part of the Kings Party's political campaign, which collectively are known as the "Sempill ballads". Anonymous printed ballads such as The tressoun of Dumbertane, Robert Lekprevik, Edinburgh (1570), have been attributed to Sempill. The Tressoun describes Lord Fleming's failed ambush of the English commander William Drury at Dumbarton Castle.

See Chronicle of Scottish Poetry (ed. James Sibbald, Edinburgh, 1802); and Essays on the Poets of Renfrewshire by William Motherwell, in The Harp of Renfrewshire (Paisley, 1819; reprinted 1872).

Modern editions of Sempill are: Sege of the Castel of Edinburgh, a facsimile reprint with introduction by David Constable (1813); The Sempill Ballates (T. G. Stevenson, Edinburgh, 1872) containing all the poems; Satirical poems of the Reformation (ed. James Cranstoun, Scottish Text Soc., 2 vols, 1889-1893) with a memoir of Sempill and a bibliography of his poems.

References

1530s births
1595 deaths
Scottish male songwriters
Scottish soldiers
Scottish satirists
16th-century Scottish writers
16th-century male writers
16th-century Scottish poets
Middle Scots poets

Robert Sempill


Rob Ukrop (born April 5, 1970, in Richmond, Virginia) is an American former soccer player who currently serves as Chairman of USL League One club Richmond Kickers.

Ukrop,  part of the Ukrop's Super Market family, grew up in Richmond where he attended Collegiate School where he starred with both the school's golf and soccer teams.  When Ukrop graduated from high school in 1988, he had roster offers from Wake Forest and the University of Richmond.  However, he chose to attend Davidson College. He was a member of the Sigma chapter of the Kappa Alpha Order.  At the time, Davidson had no soccer pedigree, but Ukrop brought it into national prominence during his four and a half seasons there.  His junior year, Ukrop scored 22 goals and assisted on 12, earning him second team All American honors.  However, he broke his leg at the start of the 1991 season.  As a result, he was a medical redshirt that year, but came back strong in 1992.  In 1992, his last season at Davidson, Ukrop led the nation in scoring, bagging 31 goals and assisting on 10 others.  He also led Davidson to the NCAA Final Four only to fall to San Diego 3–2 in overtime in the semifinals.  That year, Ukrop was named a first team All American and the ISAA Player of the Year.  He finished his four years at Davidson with the school record in career goals (76), points (184) and assists.  His points total is almost double the next player on the points list.

While still at Davidson, Ukrop played with the U.S. national B Team.  After graduating from Davidson in 1993 with a bachelor's degree in classical studies, Ukrop went to the World University Games with the U.S. U-23 national team.  He scored two goals and added an assist in the U.S. victory over Italy.  That summer he also joined the Richmond Kickers of the USISL. The USISL had begun as a small indoor league in the Southwest U.S., but gradually expanded outdoor as well.  In 1993, the Kickers joined the league, making the playoffs as a wild card team.  They defeated the Charleston Battery, then lost to the eventual USISL champion Greensboro Dynamo.

Ukrop spent the 1993–1994 indoor season with the Baltimore Spirit of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL). That year, he lost a significant number of games when he took an elbow to his face, resulting in a broken jaw.

Ukrop then moved to the Raleigh Flyers (USISL) for the 1994 outdoor season, before moving to the Fort Lauderdale Strikers of the American Professional Soccer League (APSL). He then spent the 1994–95 indoor season with the Dayton Dynamo of the NPSL. The Dynamo moved to Cincinnati and renamed itself the Silverbacks in 1995. In 1996, Ukrop rejoined the team for the 1996–1997 season.

In 1995, he was with the Richmond Kickers when that team won the USISL title.  Ukrop was a USISL Atlantic Division All Star.  The Kickers also took the 1995 U.S. Open Cup with Ukrop being named the championship game MVP.

In January 1996, the New England Revolution drafted Ukrop in the seventh round (65th overall) of the 1996 MLS Draft. However, he never became a regular contributor for the Revs, managing only nine games and two goals, both goals coming in the Revolution's first game of the season. The Revs released Ukrop on June 28, 1996, and he returned to the Richmond Kickers for the remainder of the season.  Ukrop continued to play each season with the Kickers until he announced his retirement on December 9, 2004.  Ukrop retired holding the club records for career goals (70), career assists (30), career points (170) and matches (231).

On January 24, 2004, Davidson retired Ukrop's jersey number (#6) and inducted him into its Hall of Fame.
On April 30, 2017, Ukrop was inducted into Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.

Footnotes

External links
 Davidson info
 Ukrop personal bio

1970 births
Living people
All-American college men's soccer players
American men's soccer players
American people of Slovak descent
American Professional Soccer League players
Baltimore Spirit players
Cincinnati Silverbacks players
Davidson Wildcats men's soccer players
Dayton Dynamo players
Fort Lauderdale Strikers (1988–1994) players
Indoor soccer players
Major League Soccer players
Men's association football forwards
National Professional Soccer League (1984–2001) players
New England Revolution players
Raleigh Express players
Richmond Kickers players
USISL players
USL First Division players

Robert Ukrop


The iris (plural: irides or irises) is a thin, circular structure in the eye. It controls the diameter and size of the pupils.

Eye color is the color of the iris. In humans, the iris may look green, blue, brown, hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light exiting the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter the eye and reach the retina.

Eye anatomy

Iris (eye)


Group G of the 2014 FIFA World Cup has the teams Germany, Portugal, Ghana and the United States. The first game begins of June 16, and the last game ends on June 26. Germany and the United States both moved on to the next round, while Germany won the group.

Table

Matches

Germany vs. Porugal

The two teams have met in 17 previous games, with the most recent game being won by Germany 1–0 in the UEFA Euro 2012.

Germany took the lead after Thomas Müller scored a penalty that was awarded to them after the foul by João Pereira. Mats Hummels doubled their advantage after he scored from a corner that was taken by Toni Kroos. Shortly before half time, Pepe got a red card and Thomas Müller scored again. Thomas Müller scored the final goal at the 78th minute, which finished the game at 4–0.

Ghana vs. United States

Previously, the two teams have met 2 times, both in World Cup matches. In the 2006 FIFA World Cup, Ghana defeated the United States 2–1 in the group stage, and in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, Ghana defeated the United States again 2–1 in the Round of 16.

Clint Dempsey scored one of the earliest goals in World Cup history, 30 seconds after the kickoff. The Americans were in the lead until André Ayew equalized the score at the 82nd minute. However, the Americans scored again just four minutes later from John Brooks header.

Germany vs. Ghana

The teams met twice in history, including a match in the 2010 FIFA World Cup where Germany won 1–0. The two teams have brothers that will face each other, including Kevin-Prince Boateng of Ghana and Jérôme Boateng of Germany.

The Germans took the lead at the 51st minute after Thomas Müller's cross helped Mario Götze score. Ghana equalized three minutes later when André Ayew headed in Harrison Afful's corner. Ghana then took the lead when Philipp Lahm's pass was intercepted and given to Asamoah Gyan to score at the 63rd minute. Luckily for the Germans, Miroslav Klose equalized the score after a corner was taken by Toni Kroos. The goal became Klose's 15th world cup goal, equalizing Ronaldo's same record. He also joined players Pelé and Uwe Seeler as the only players to have scored in four FIFA World Cup's.

United States vs. Portugal

The teams have met in 5 games, including a match in the 2002 FIFA World Cup group stage which was won by the United States 3–2.

The game started perfectly for the Portuguese, as Nani scored at the 5th minute when Geoff Cameron's clearance landed at the feet of Nani. The game went on without goals until Jermaine Jones's goal equalized the game from a corner. The Americans took the lead after Clint Dempsey scored from Graham Zusi's cross. Luckily for the Portuguese, Varela scored at the last minute from a cross from Cristiano Ronaldo. Varela's goal was one of the latest goals in FIFA World Cup history.

United States vs. Germany

The two teams have met 5 times, including a group stage match in the 1998 FIFA World Cup which was won by Germany 2–0, and a guarter-finals match in the 2002 FIFA World Cup which was also won by Germany 1–0. Current United States coach Jürgen Klinsmann played for Germany and also managed Germany in 2006.

The match was goaless until Thomas Müller scored his ninth World Cup goal at the 55th minute. The goal was the winning goal of the match, and Germany was victorious 1–0.

Portugal vs. Ghana

On this match, the two teams met for the first time.

Other websites

2014 FIFA World Cup Group G

2014 FIFA World Cup

2014 FIFA World Cup Group G


Baýramaly District   is a district of Mary Province in Turkmenistan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Baýramaly.

Formed in 1925, it came under direct control of the central government of the Turkmen SSR in Ashgabat after the region of Merv was abolished in 1926; control was then transferred to the newly-formed regional government of Mary Region in November 1939.

December 12, 1957 saw the absorption of the district of Vekil-Bazar into this district.

It came under direct control of the central government for the second time in 1963 when the past Mary Region was abolished; control by the regional government only resumed in 1970, when Mary Region gets restored.

On August 1988, this district was abolished, only for it to be restored in 1992 and became what is it today.

Administrative Subdivisions
 Cities (şäherler)
 N/A
 (Baýramaly, while not being part of the district, is its administrative centre)

 Towns (şäherçeler)
 Bagtyýarlyk (Formerly Ücajy)
 Berkarar
 Mekan

 Village councils (geňeşlikler)
 Agaýusup adyndaky (Şöhrat, Daýhan, Döwletli)
 Azat (Azat, Dogryýap, Harazly, Pagtasaraý, Türkmenistan)
 Bagt (Bagt, Kenar, Çöplidepe, Täzegüýç)
 Bahar (Bahar, Baglyoba)
 Beýikköpri (Beýikköpri, Depgin, Düýeçöken, Kanal, Odunçy)
 Erkana (Erkana, Göksuw)
 Gadyrýap (Gadyrýap, Çepekýap, Erikli, Galkynyş)
 Gatakar (Aryk, Görelde, Mülk, Türkmen Goşun)
 Guşlyoba (Guşlyoba, Gutlamgala, Gurbangala, Çöpli)
 Hangala (Garaýörme)
 Höwesli (Höwesli, Kyrkdepe)
 Merw (Merw, Gäwürgala)
 Murgap (Murgap, Ylham, Tutly)
 Ýalkym (Ýalkym, Bereket, Rafsanjani, Şereket, Täzeoba, Tokaýly, Uçgun, Ýaýlak. Ýylgynly)

References

Districts of Turkmenistan
Mary Region

Baýramaly District


is a Japanese video game franchise created by Keita Takahashi and developed and published by Namco (and subsequently Bandai Namco Entertainment). The series puts players in control of a young character called The Prince (also referred to as Dashing Prince or the Prince of All Cosmos) as he assists his father, the King of All Cosmos, in the re-creation of stars and planets by using a ball called a katamari to roll up objects. The first title in the series was Katamari Damacy for the PlayStation 2, which became a cult classic and led to several sequels and spin-offs.

Concept
Keita Takahashi, the series creator, did not go into coding originally. He created "cheerfully bizzare" sculptures when he was a student at Musashino Art University. This  inspired Takahashi to entertain audiences with his creations and decided to join Namco as a visual artist. He wanted to create a game where you can do something you can only do in a game and create something that is not formulaic.

Gameplay and Setting

In most Katamari games, players typically control the player character, The Prince, as he is ordered to do various tasks by his father, the King of All Cosmos.

In Katamari Damacy, The Prince is tasked with the job of rebuilding the stars and constellations that the King destroyed. To do this, the player combines as many objects into a singular ball, known as a katamari ball, that could become a star, constellations, or stardust. A katamari ball can roll up certain objects, depending on the Katamari's relative size to them.

Players typically control the katamari ball using two analog sticks; players move forward and backward by pushing the analog sticks in that direction simultaneously. They can turn the katamari by pushing only one stick in the desired direction or pushing the sticks in opposite directions to do so faster (often described as 'tank controls'). Players may also do a 180 degree turn that causes The Prince to jump on the other side of the Katamari typically by pressing the two sticks down into the controller. Players may cause the katamari to roll at high speeds typically by rapidly moving the two sticks in opposite directions back and forth. Players may also cause The Prince to jump and get a better look at the world by pressing L1. Introduced in Katamari Forever, players are given the ability called the "Prince Hop" to make the katamari ball hop.

Before each level, the King will often go on a nonsensical rant to The Prince, and refers to himself using royal we. In Make a Star levels, players are presented with a specific size that the katamari must be before the time limit runs out. As the player rolls up objects using the katamari, it becomes larger, as demonstrated by a size chart on its HUD. In early levels of the game, players are given a katamari similar to the Prince's size, which allows him to only roll up small objects such as tacks and ants. Later levels allow the katamari to grow much larger to the point where it can roll up buildings and clouds. As the katamari becomes larger, the katamari is then able to pick up larger objects. Living and non-living creatures will sometimes attack the katamari if it is smaller than them; once the katamari reaches a certain size, the creature may run away from the large katamari that could pick them up. If the katamari is only barely able to pick a creature up, the player along with the katamari will be knocked away; if the creature is not rolled up in time, the creature will run off and escape. If players are attacked or crash in to walls are large objects, the katamari will lose items. If players roll up a long, slender object such as a pencil, the object will sometimes poke outwards out of the katamari and cause the katamari to roll awkwardly until more objects are rolled up. In more recent games, players can hit a glowing pillar that causes all items close to the katamari that are small enough to be sucked into it.

As players reach certain size milestones, the King will appear in the middle of the screen and speak to players. In some levels, this will precede a cutscene alerting players that a new area has opened up. If players fail to reach this size in the time allotted, they are scolded and punished by the King. If players are able to reach the required size before the time limit runs out, they may continue making it bigger. At the end of the stage, players are judged on their size as well as the time it took to reach the required size; if they only barely exceeded the required size, the king criticizes the player and tells them to do better; if they manage to exceed it by a significant enough margin, the king praises the player. If it is the players' first completion of the level, the King will automatically transform it into a star; if it is not, they are asked if they would like to turn it into a star or into stardust. Additionally, if they reach the size fast enough, a shooting star will be unlocked for the star. As an additional reward found in some of the games, players may be allowed to play a specific level without a time limit which allows them to play indefinitely.

Not all levels follow this format; for example, some do not have a timer, and instead require players to do a certain task, such as rolling a snowball to a certain size and putting it on a snowman. Some levels also require players to pick up a specific item, such as in the cow or bear levels where players are tasked with rolling up the largest of that specific animal. Each level is presented on a stage select screen, and can be replayed multiple times after being completed. Each level also typically has two specific objects in them: one of The Prince's many cousins whom, after obtaining, can be used either in multi-player only or in multi-player and single-player, depending on the game. The other is a "Royal Present", which, after obtaining, may be used as an accessory for The Prince or cousins. The games keep record of every item rolled up, and players may view them in a book, which shows specific categories of items and the percentage showing how complete the catalog for each category. Two players may play cooperatively or competitively together; in the cooperative mode, players are tasked with sharing control of the Katamari together with one player controlling one half of controlling the Katamari while another player controls the other in stages that resemble the single-player mode. The competitive mode puts two players against each other as they compete in an arena-like setting to get the largest sized Katamari; if one grows large enough, it can roll up the other player's katamari. Both modes are played with a timer.

Video games

The first video game released in the series was Katamari Damacy, which was released for the PlayStation 2 on March 18, 2004 in Japan. Due to the critical and commercial reception that it received, Namco Bandai followed it up with a 2005 sequel also for the PlayStation 2, titled We Love Katamari. It followed closely in the style of its predecessor, but with new environments and slightly improved physics.

A sequel was made in 2006 for the PlayStation Portable titled Me & My Katamari, which used a different scenario and different gameplay which required players to utilize the d-pad or analog nub and the face buttons in absence of the dual analog sticks used in most Katamari games.

In 2007, the first mobile version of Katamari was released, Katamari Damacy Mobile. The phone game utilizes both tilt controls as well as more traditional controls.

Another sequel, Beautiful Katamari, marked the first major Katamari title to be released for a non-PlayStation console, as well as the first to support high-definition television resolutions of 720p, 1080i, and 1080p. While initially planned for both PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, the former version was canceled.

PlayStation 3 gamers had to wait until 2009 for a Katamari game. Katamari Forever was mostly a compilation of levels from previous games, with a new story and a few new levels.

Touch My Katamari was released in 2012 exclusively for the PlayStation Vita. Tap My Katamari, a version for mobile devices with iOS or Android, was released in January 2016.

Katamari Damacy Reroll is a remake of Katamari Damacy for the Nintendo Switch and PC, released on December 7, 2018, and for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on November 20th, 2020.

We Love Katamari Reroll+ Royal Reverie is a remake of We Love Katamari for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series and PC, released on June 2, 2023.

Notes

References

External links

Bandai Namco Entertainment franchises
Video games with cel-shaded animation
Video game franchises
Video game franchises introduced in 2004

Katamari


Robert Franklin (1630–1684) was an English nonconformist divine.

Education and early career
Franklin was born in London 16 July 1630. In his ninth year he went into Suffolk to live with an aunt, and in due course was sent to Woodbridge School. Here, as he confessed, he was too fond of sports, violent in temper, and prone to lying. He was specially trained in writing and accounts with a view to his being apprenticed in London, but his ability led to his being sent to Cambridge University, where he was admitted to Jesus College. His tutor was Samuel Bantoft, whom he succeeded in the office, but he gave up tuition on proving successful in a preaching competition against a Dr. Brooks for the college living of Kirton, Suffolk.

Franklin found that he was unable to subsist in comfort on his living, which only produced £50 a year, and set up a school, which proved to be educationally successful, but a commercial failure. Through a friend's influence he was appointed to the superior living of Bramfield, but here he received nothing at all, as the former incumbent declined to retire. He then obtained the living of Blythburgh, where he remained only a short time, being presented in 1659 to the vicarage of Westhall, where he again found an incumbent, speechless from palsy, who declined to move. Franklin was allowed, however, to perform the duties of the vicar on payment of ten shillings a week to his predecessor, who at length resigned and left him in possession.

Later career and imprisonments
In 1662 he 'left his living rather than defile his conscience.' He became in 1663 private chaplain to Sir Samuel Barnardiston, but after six months went to London and suffered for nonconformity. He was first seized for preaching at Colebrooke, and was lodged in Aylesbury gaol, his goods being confiscated. On his release he took a house in London, and held religious meetings there, but refusing the Corporation Oath he was again imprisoned. A sermon which he preached some time afterwards in Glovers' Hall was followed by his detention for six months in Newgate. Later he was seized in his own house at Bunhill Fields, and committed to the New Prison; he was released shortly, but compelled to appear every sessions, and to give bail for his good behaviour. He died in 1684.

Writings
He is described by Calamy as a man of great gravity and integrity, and a plain, serious preacher. Franklin subscribed his name, among those of fellow-ministers, to A Murderer Punished and Pardoned; or a True Relation of the Wicked Life and Shameful-happy Death of Thos. Savage, imprisoned, justly condemned, and twice executed at Radcliff, by us who were often with him in Newgate. Otherwise he only published Death in Triumph over the most desirable ones, a funeral sermon on Mrs. Mary Parry (1683), for, as he remarks in the preface to this publication, he had not the "itching humour of the scribbling age, nor any desire to appear in print". He left a manuscript entitled Memorable Occurrences of my Life, which is the principal source for the facts of his career. Franklin was married.

References

1630 births
1684 deaths
Alumni of Jesus College, Cambridge
Anglican clergy from London
17th-century English educators
17th-century English clergy

Robert Franklin (divine)


Roumlouki (, from the Ottoman Turkish Rûmlık, "place of the Rûm") or Kampania (Καμπανία), is the traditional name of the northeastern part of Imathia located in Macedonia, Greece, specifically the plain of the lower Aliakmon River.

Location
The term refers to the lowlands between the Pierian Mountains in the south to the wetlands of the Giannitsa Lake (now drained) in the north, and from the heights east of Veroia to the mouths of the rivers Aliakmon and Loudias (Ottoman Kara Asmak) in the Thermaic Gulf. According to some accounts, the name extended up to the Axios River in the northeast.

Settlements
The villages that traditionally were accounted as part of the region were Gidas (modern Alexandreia), Meliki, Koryfi, Nichori (Neochori), Reshina (Vrysaki), Nisi, Katafygi, Trichovista, Skylitsi, Kavasila, Stavros, Xechasmeni, Rapsomaniki, Pozarites (Kefalochori), Episkopi, Loutros, Kapsochora, Paliochora, Niseli and Niseloudi, Trikala, Karya, Aidonochori, Platy, Lianovergi, Paliochori, Gritzali (Agathia), Niochoropoulo, Prodromos, Niokastro, Voultista, Mega Alamboro (Prasinada) and Mikro Alamboro, Mylovos, Kouloura, Diavatos, Mikrogouzi (Makrochori), Metsi (Mesi), Ammos, Santena, Geraki, Mavrangeli, Barbesh or Koutlesh (Vergina), Trichlevo (Trilofo), Sfinista, Kleidi, Kaliani (Aloro), Tsinaforo (Platanos). The actual number of settlements fluctuated, however, as some were abandoned and new ones founded because of the floods of the Aliakmon.

Gallery

References

Imathia
Historical regions in Greece
Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire

Roumlouki


John Nommensen Duchac (born February 25, 1953), known professionally as John Doe, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, poet, guitarist and bass player. Doe co-founded LA punk band X, of which he is still an active member. His musical performances and compositions span rock, punk, country and folk music genres. As an actor, he has dozens of television appearances and several movies to his credit, including the role of Jeff Parker in the television series Roswell.

In addition to X, Doe performs with the country-folk-punk band the Knitters and has released records as a solo artist. In the early 1980s, he performed on two albums by the Flesh Eaters.

Career

Music
Doe moved to Los Angeles, California, and in 1976 met guitar player Billy Zoom through an ad in the local free weekly paper, The Recycler.

As a musician with X, Doe has two feature-length concert films, several music videos, and an extended performance-and-interview sequence in The Decline of Western Civilization, Penelope Spheeris's seminal documentary about the early-1980s L.A. punk scene.

Along with co-writer Exene Cervenka, Doe composed most of the songs recorded by X. Wild Gift, an album from that band's heyday, was named "Record of the Year" by Rolling Stone, The Los Angeles Times, and The New York Times. With Dave Alvin, he co-wrote two of the songs on the Blasters' 1984 album Hard Line, "Just Another Sunday" and "Little Honey". He also wrote "Cyrano de Berger's Back" for the Flesh Eaters LP A Minute to Pray, a Second To Die.

Since 1990, Doe has recorded nearly a dozen albums as a soloist or in collaboration with other artists, and has contributed tracks to motion pictures.  In the 1992 movie The Bodyguard (starring Kevin Costner and Whitney Houston), it is Doe's version of "I Will Always Love You" that plays on the jukebox when Costner's and Houston's characters are dancing. It was released on audio cassette by Warner Bros. in September 1992, but no version is believed to exist on CD. He co-wrote and played on the song "Lobotomy" with Tyler Willman for the eponymous 1998 debut studio album of the band Calm Down Juanita.

Doe took part in Todd Haynes's 2007 movie I'm Not There, recording two Bob Dylan covers, "Pressing On" and "I Dreamed I Saw St. Augustine". Both recordings were included on the film's soundtrack, and the former was prominently featured in the film, with Christian Bale (as Pastor John Rollins) lip-synching Doe's vocals. Doe recorded the song "Unforgiven" in 2007 with Aimee Mann on A Year in the Wilderness, an album which also featured Kathleen Edwards, Jill Sobule, Dan Auerbach. He then joined with Eddie Vedder on a mix of the song "Golden State" in 2008. "The Meanest Man in the World" by Doe was featured in Season 4 of the television series Friday Night Lights and included on the second soundtrack album. Country Club (2009), featuring Canadian indie rock band The Sadies, covered country classics along with original songs.

Doe contributed a cover of "Peggy Sue Got Married" to the 2011 tribute album Rave on Buddy Holly.

His latest solo record, The Westerner, was released in 2016. Doe said that it was made in the desert, in Arizona, and that the genre is psychedelic soul.

Acting
In the 1989 biographical film Great Balls of Fire!, Doe played Jerry Lee Lewis's cousin-turned-father-in-law J. W. Brown.  He starred in the 1992 films Roadside Prophets and Pure Country, and in the 1998 short Lone Greasers. Other movie acting credits include Road House, Vanishing Point, Salvador, Boogie Nights, The Specials, The Good Girl, Gypsy 83, Wyatt Earp, Border Radio, Pure Country, The Outsiders, and Brokedown Palace. Doe has appeared on the television series Law & Order, Roswell, Carnivale, One Tree Hill, Childrens Hospital (alongside his fellow bandmates in X) and The Wizards of Waverly Place.

Author
With co-author Tom DeSavia, Doe wrote and compiled stories for a book about the LA punk rock scene from 1977 to 1983. The book, Under the Big Black Sun, incorporated the punk ethos of contributions from other musicians that were part of the scene, people like Exene Cervenka, Jack Grisham, Henry Rollins, Mike Watt, Jane Wiedlin and others who wrote chapters. Doe wanted it to be a collective recollection, not just one person's perspective of the time.

A sequel of sorts was released in 2019 entitled More Fun in the New World: The Unmaking and Legacy of L.A. Punk. Doe and DeSavia again invited contributors to narrate the space of time from 1982 to 1987.

Personal life
Doe was born in Decatur, Illinois. He was married to fellow X member Exene Cervenka between 1980 and 1985. He remarried in 1987. He revealed to Adam Carolla in a podcast in September 2011 that he resided (at the time) in Fairfax, California. He has three daughters. In early 2017, he announced that he would be moving to Austin, Texas.

Discography

Filmography

The Decline of Western Civilization (1981) as Self - X (Vocals & Bass)
Smithereens (1982) as Door Guy at Peppermint Club (uncredited)
Legends of the Spanish Kitchen (1985)
X: The Unheard Music (1986) as Drunk at club
Salvador (1986) as Roberto, Restaurant Owner
Slam Dance (1987) as Det. John Gilbert
Border Radio (1987) as Dean
Road House (1989) as Pat McGurn
Great Balls of Fire! (1989) as J.W. Brown
A Matter of Degrees (1990) as Peter Downs
Liquid Dreams (1991) as Cab Driver
Roadside Prophets (1992) as Joe Mosely
Pure Country (1992) as Earl Blackstock
Wyatt Earp (1994) as Tommy Behind-the-Deuce
Shake, Rattle and Rock! (1994, TV Movie) as Lucky
Georgia (1995) as Bobby
Scorpion Spring (1996) as Deputy
Black Circle Boys (1997) as Bonfiglio
Vanishing Point (1997, TV Series) as Sammy
Touch (1997) as Elwin Worrel
Party of Five (1997, TV Series) as Carter
The Price of Kissing (1997) as Mouse
The Last Time I Committed Suicide (1997) as Lewis
Boogie Nights (1997) as Amber's Husband
Get to the Heart: The Barbara Mandrell Story (1997, TV Movie) as Joe Maphis
The Pass (1998) as Bus Station Clerk
Black Cat Run (1998, TV Movie) as Martin James
Odd Man (1998, Short) as Welder
Lone Greasers (1998, Short) as Shakin' Rex
Veronica's Closet (1999, TV Series) as Jimmy Walsh
Sugar Town (1999) as Carl
Knocking on Death's Door (1999) as Professor Ballard
Forces of Nature (1999) as Carl
The Rage: Carrie 2 (1999) as Boyd
Wildflowers (1999) as Teacher
Brokedown Palace (1999) as Bill Marano
Drowning on Dry Land (1999) as Les
Martial Law (1999, TV Series) as Adam Pender
Roswell (1999–2002, TV Series) as Jeff Parker
The Strip (2000, TV Series) as Lt. Wolfe
The Specials (2000) as Eight
ER (2000, TV Series) as Carter's Doctor
Gypsy 83 (2001) as Ray Vale
Jon Good's Wife (2001) as Jake Stabler
The Good Girl (2002) as Mr. Worther
Bug (2002) as Record Store Owner
Fastlane (2002, TV Series) as Papa John
Employee of the Month (2002) as Herb
Wuthering Heights (2003, TV Movie) as Earnshaw
Peacemakers (2003, TV Series) as Marshall Dan Parks
Law & Order (2003, TV Series) as Teddy Connor
Carnivàle (2003, TV Series) as Phineas Boffo
Red Zone (2003) as Chief Macintyre
Torque (2004) as Sheriff Barnes
Tom 51 (2004)
CSI: Miami (2005, TV Series) as Brett Adams
Lucky 13 (2005) as Mr. Baker
We Jam Econo (2005) as Himself
X – Live in Los Angeles (2005) as Himself
The Darwin Awards (2006) as Guy in Bar #2
Live Freaky! Die Freaky! (2006) as Tex
Jammin (2007, TV Series) as Himself
Ten Inch Hero (2007) as Trucker
The Sandpiper (2007) as Wolf
Absent Father (2008) as Tony
Man Maid (2008) as Sissy Tailor
One Tree Hill (2008, TV Series) as Mick Wolf
The Unknowing (2009) as Train Conductor
Wizards of Waverly Place (2009, TV Series) as Superintendent Spellman
Tom Cool (2009) as Mac Angel
Pleased to Meet Me (2013) as Pete Jones
Zombex (2013) as Seamus O'Connor
Electric Slide (2014) as Detective Bill Holiday
Childrens Hospital (2016, TV Series) as X
You're Gonna Miss Me (2017) as Jake Fillmore
All Creatures Here Below (2018) as Uncle Doug
My Little One (2019) as Matt
Quantum Cowboys (2022) as John the Gunslinger / John the Bartender / John the Businessman
D.O.A. (2022) as Frank Bigelow

References

External links

John Doe – What Would John Doe Do? Blog

1953 births
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century American bass guitarists
Living people
American punk rock bass guitarists
American punk rock singers
X (American band) members
The Knitters members
American male film actors
American male television actors
Writers from Decatur, Illinois
Singers from California
Male actors from California
People from Fairfax, California
Musicians from Decatur, Illinois
Guitarists from California
Guitarists from Illinois
American male bass guitarists
The Flesh Eaters members
SpinART Records artists
Yep Roc Records artists

John Doe (musician)